THE TRUE HISTORY OF THE late and lamentable adventures of Don Sebastian King of Portugal, after his imprisonment in Naples, until this present day, being now in Spain at Saint Lucar de Barrameda.  ROMANS. 13. 
There is no power but from God.  
AUT NUNC AUT NUNQVAM   printer's device of Simon Stafford and James Shaw 
AT LONDON Printed by Simon Stafford and james Shaw. 1602.   

THE TRUE HISTORY of the late and lamentable adventures of Don Sebastian King of Portugal, after his imprisonment in Naples, until this present day, being now in Spain at Saint Lucar de Barrameda.  
THis unfortunate King, Don Sebastian, having been brought from Florence to Naples, was put in the castle of Oeuf, in a chamber, without any other furniture in it, than a halter & a long knife of the length of half the arm: Where for the space of three days, they neither gave him aught to drink or to eat, nor whereon to lie: Which space, he spent in continual prayers, enduring his crosses with an incredible patience. On the fourth day after, the Auditor General, accompanied with two Notaries, came to visit him, and found him, for his life, of good disposition, & marveled exceedingly at him (for all of them did verily believe, that seeing himself so ill entreated, he would in despair have hanged himself, or with one of those two instruments have ended his days, which for that purpose were prepared and placed in that room, or at least incur thereby some grievous malady) and said unto him, that if he would not deny, and cease to maintain, what he had avouched and maintained, in reporting himself to be Don Sebastian King of Portugal, he should never have either drink, meat, or lodging. To whom the king made answer:  
Do what you will; for I shall never sing any other song: and I beseech God omnipotent, of his infinite goodness and divine mercy, that he will stretch out his powerful hand, and assist me in these my troubles, and that he will not suffer me to commit so foul a fault, or to fall into so great a mischief, and so contrary to mine own soul, that for fear and terror of men, I should come to deny the truth, and to confess a falsehood. God defend me from it. I am that self same Don Sebastian, king of Portugal, which in the year 1578. passed into Africa against the Infidels, and the very same, who, to augment the name & power of the Christians, put my life in hazard: and am that unfortunate Prince, who for the punishment of his sins lost a battle, which loss begat so many misadventures, and occasioned so many changes in Christendom. This is the very truth, neither can I say any other. With this answer, the Auditor & his Notaries went their way. After this they began to give him for his nourishment some bread and water: and some few days after, he was allowed five crowns a month, and a man to wait upon him. The Viceroy of Naples last deceased, came to visit him, and there passed between them that which hath been published by so many hands, & set forth in so many languages. Now, as soon as it was bruited abroad, and that fame had run and told it through the world, that he remained prisoner, & that all men had leave to see him, many persons, of divers, both qualities, and nations, made a voyage unto Naples, only to see him, and to speak unto him: And amongst the rest, many Portugals, some out of Portugal, and some from other places of their being, passed into Italy, that they might with their own proper eyes behold so admirable, and so rare a wonder. Many of the Portugals, especially the elder sort, who had seen him, and knew him; and some also of Castille, and other strangers beside, having seen him, and discoursed with him, confessed and maintained, that he was Don Sebastian, the true King of Portugal. During the life of the said Viceroy, his imprisonment was not so austere nor so strict as it was afterwards, when his son succeeded in the said government, who kept him exceeding close, and double guarded, suffering him notwithstanding to go abroad on the Sundays, and other festival days, for to hear mass in a Chapel within the said Castle. He lived in perpetual prayers and fastings. Every Friday and Saturday, he fasted with bread and water. He did the like sometimes also on other days, as on mondays, and Wednesdays. He often frequented the Sacraments, and used much confession; and all the Lent long fed nor ate of any thing save only herbs and pulse.  
The seventeenth of April last passed, within a year after that he was delivered to the Castilians, the said Viceroy, who also is County of Lemos, son to him that was deceased, married with the daughter of the Duke of Lerma, who now at this day is a governor in Spain: At that time it was demanded of him, that he should suddenly make answer, without any other proceed or diligence in his cause, unto that which on the fourth day was proposed by the Auditor general, accompanied, as before we mentioned. To whom he replied.  
That it was no lawful nor direct course, to take upon them to examine and judge him without process: but rather that they should present him to the Portugals, who had both nourished him, known him, and served him. For on their relation and their testimony, aught to depend the true proof and approbation of his business: Affirming, that if it were possible for him to live a thousand years longer, he would never answer otherwise: And that if they should determine to do justice on him, without any other order or proof, he must take God for his only judge, who knows the truth of this matter, and that he is the proper and true King of Portugal, Don Sebastian. Wherefore, if you are so disposed, take your course in effecting that, upon which heretofore you purposed.  
The officers appointed for this affair, being gone from him with this answer, he went incontinently and threw himself down on his knees before the Crucifix, and began to dispose and prepare himself for death. He fasted the space of three days with bread & water: He made his general confession, and received the holy Sacraments. As he thus attended his latest hour, before the said month of April was ended, they sent again unto him for his final answer. To which message he made the like answer as before. And upon these his last words, he was judged and condemned by the Castilians, to be led in ignominy through the streets of Naples, and from thence to labour in the Galleys all the rest of his life.  
The last day of the said month, they brought him out of the Castle, and mounted him on an Ass, & led him openly thorough the streets of the City, three Trumpets marching afore him, with a Crier, who cried with a loud voice, This is the justice which his Catholic Majesty hath commanded to be executed. He hath commanded this man should be thus shamefully led up and down, and that be should perpetually be doomed to the Galleys, for naming himself to be Don Sebastian King of Portugal, being no other than a Portuguese. And still before the Crier began, the Trumpets sounded, and so continued to the end. And when they named King, he would cry aloud, Why, so I am. And when they said, Being no other than a Portuguese: he would answer, That is false. Yet notwithstanding in the repetition of these words, all the while that they were pronounced by the Crier, he no whit hindered the course of justice, nor once moved himself against it.  
Now must you note, that the Castilians not knowing how to verify that he was the said Marcus Tullius Cartizzone, as they endowed him withal at the first, when he was delivered unto them, they proclaimed him at that hour, by the indefinite name of a Portuguese.  
This act bringeth an extreme amazement to all the whole city, and engenders a great sorrow, & causeth much compunction in the hearts of all men; insomuch, that they went away strooken with wonder, and full of astonishment. They looked one upon another with a silent strangeness, and were unable to utter so much as one word one to another, the greatness of their grief stopping the passage of their speech. And if any amongst them were heretofore persuaded, that he was a Portuguese, after they had now beheld his own proper person, & this so strange a spectacle, they were confirmed in this belief, and did certainly assure themselves, that he whom they thus reproachfully led up and down upon an Ass, was the very right & true Don Sebastian, King of Portugal; and they were touched with such great compassion and remorseful fellow-feeling, in beholding this his miserable estate; and the injustice wherewith they did entreat him, that they were not able to refrain from tears: the sighs and lamentations of one, inciting the rest to the same, who mourned and bewailed his misery, whilst the King himself cried out in this pitiful manner:  
I am in the hands of mine enemies, who work what themselves will upon this my body, but my soul I recommend unto God, who hath created it, and knows the truth, and can witness for me, that I am the same, whom I profess and say I am.  
After they had carried him thus throughout the City, they brought him to the King's royal Galleys, whereinto he was no sooner entered, but they presently pulled off his own apparel, and put upon him a flavish attire, and placed him at the prow of the Galley, where he remained a whole day: and the next day following, they put him with a guard, in a little Bark that was linked to the Galley, whither there repaired a great concourse of people of divers nations: Amongst the which, were present, a great number of noble personages, and of very honourable houses, who steadily viewing his visage, and marking him with an especial attention, and a most searching eye, Without doubt (said they) this is that true D. Sebastian, King of Portugal.  
The sift day, they ranked him in the Galleys, and shaved off the hairs both of his head and beard, the which were gathered up, & kept by those that stood by, as a most precious thing, and of great esteem.  
This being done, they fettered him with chains, signifying unto him, that he should not be bound to row. Some French Lords were present at most of these proceed: and amongst the rest, a son of Monsieur de Berault (who is now at this day nominated for to be Ambassador of Castille) and a Gentleman, who is a follower of his, with some others of the same suit.  
In these days of so great affliction, the King ceased not to continue in his daily prayers and fastings, with such admiration of those that beheld it, that they held him for a Saint: and by the means of his patience, modesty, and other apparent demonstrations of his virtues, he gained so much reputation amongst those with whom he lived, that they were enforced to confess, that the truth of this matter was covered and hidden, by the inventions and subtleties of his enemies, and maintained, that he was the rightful Don Sebastian King of Portugal.  
Many of very good qualities have writ out of Naples into divers parts of Europe, touching the success of this affair, according to the truth thereof, and in such forcible manner, that as many as are either in the Court of Rome, or in Italy, are persuaded to believe, & do hold most constantly for true, that this miserable Prince, is the same person he professeth himself to be.  
But some will happily say, that he doth deserve far more grievous chastisement, because he escaping alive from the battle of Africa, so much famoused in the world, and coming afterwards unknown into his own kingdom of Portugal, he did not demand it again, leaving it as a prey to his enemies; which hath occasioned so many men's deaths, so many and so divers misadventures, so many mischiefs, afflictions, and miseries, as have happened thereby, and have crossed those Christian people these 22. years: as one, who should have preferred the public good, before his own particular imaginations, and private fantasies. But whosoever shall take knowledge of his pure virtue, piety, fear of God, wisdom, and understanding, will sing another song, and only say this: Sic erat in fatis: and that God would have it so, to the intent, that in the law of grace, there should be found another job, like unto him in the law of nature.  
These Galleys passed from Naples into Spain, where some do report, that they saw him at Barcelonne, in one of the King's royal Galleys, and that he sat on the third seat, and that they used him very well, and served him with very much honour, and with great respects.  
We believe well the former, but not the latter, as it shall appear by that we shall manifest hereafter: for they are but tales and fables, divulged by his enemies, who have published it so abroad, for to cloak their malicious wickedness, and their treasonable intents, and to conserve the good love and favour of such as love him with all their hearts, and who with all the art they can, with all their soul, and with all their power seek to regain him, & to acknowledge him for their Lord and Master: whereas the other, preferring their own particular interest, and forgetting wholly the common good, have quite lost both the remembrance of their loyalty, and the Obligation, wherein they stand bound to their Country.  
From Bercelonne, the Galleys entered into the Ocean sea, where they remained till the beginning of the month of August, at the port of Saint Lucar de Barrameda.  
A Currier from his Catholic Majesty recounted to the thrice Christian King, the cause why the foresaid vessels passed forth of the Mediterranean sea into the Ocean, which was a rebellion in Angra, a City in the I'll of Tergere, which is the chiefest of the Isles, which they call by the name of Assores, which is the key of all the Ocean sea: for those that come out of Africa, out of Asia and America, are constrained to pass that way, as to the principal But of their navigation. The I'll is situated in 39 degrees, and some minutes, between the Septentrion, and the Meridian.  
The certainty of this insurrection, is not yet to this day made fully known. Some say, that the Portugals did rise against the Catholic King, a Noble man of Spain being a party with them. Others, that the Governor of the I'll, being by nation a Castilian, did mightily bastenado a Captain of his regiment; who weighing with himself, that he could not challenge his superior the field, & that he remained in an I'll environed round about with the sea, & 300. leagues from Lisbon, he resolved to take some other course to satisfy his vengeance upon him. For effecting of which revenge, he discovered his intention to his soldiers, and especially to the Portugals of the said Isle: whom he finding propitious, and fully bend to yield him their best assistance, for to make himself satisfaction for the wrong he was offered, he determined to kill the Governor, and to rise with the whole I'll, in favour of the Portugals: which was effected after the same manner, as it was resolved on.  
This revolt was the cause that his Catholic Majesty caused his Galleys to come from Naples into the Ocean.  
Yet for all this, will I not deliver neither the one nor the other cause for currant: for they are but fables, framed out of the forge of the enemy, whose custom it is to sow such false tales, to see how the world will stand affected with it, and to discover the hearts, as well of the nobler, as the vulgar sort. It is rather to be thought, that his Majesty commanded the said Galleys to come out of Naples into the Ocean, upon the rumour of those forces that were raised in England, being designed (as some say) to enter Portugal.  
But whatsoever they say, so it was, that his Galleys came down thither: and it shall suffice us for our purpose, to know for certain, that the Royal Galley of Naples, in which Don Sebastian, King of Portugal was put, rides at Saint Lucar de Barrameda, and that the said Don Sebastian is within her in the manner aforesaid.  
On the twelfth or thirteenth day of the said month, there arrived in France in a Ship of the Rochelers, two French merchants, well known to be men of credit and of truth, who did assure, as well by word of mouth, as by letters written to persons of Honour in Paris,  
That they have seen the foresaid prisoner at Saint Lucar de Barrameda, within the Royal Galley of Naples: And that they spoke unto him: And that they saw him in chains poor and miserable: And that they offered him Linen, and Silver, and other commodities, which he would by no means take, but refused their kindness, and returned them thanks: And that he brooked his affliction with wonderful patience: And that all they of the Galleys did acknowledge him to be the same that himself had said he was, and did generally call him King: And that he is served by two galleyslaves that are Turks: That he labours not at the Oar; But in all things else is used like the rest of the slaves: And that the Duke of Medina Sidonia and his wife, had a desire to see him; who having talked a long time with him, the King demanded of him, if he had that sword still which he gave him, when he embarked himself for Barbary.  
The Duke made answer, that indeed Don Sebastian King of Portugal presented him with a sword, which he bestowed upon him before his embarking, which he had caused to be kept in his Armoury amongst the rest.  
Since that you have it then (replied the King) I pray you let me entreat that it may be brought hither: for although it be now four and twenty years since I gave it you, I doubt not but I shall know it full well. The Duke had commanded some dozen to be brought: the which the King having severally viewed, told him, Mine is not amongst any of these. Then the Duke willed they should bring all the rest. And the King espying it in the hands of him that brought them, Lo, Duke (said he) behold the sword which I gave you, when I passed into Africa.  
There was in the company of the Duchess, a Negro, whom the King knew, & said, that he had served him for the washing of his linen, being one of his Launderers, when he reigned in Portugal. The Duke seeing these things to be so apparent, and so probably true, that they seemed miraculous unto him, blest himself with many a cross, and was seen to go from him with a heavy and a sorrowful countenance, and weeping, as it were, through compassion and mere pity, to see so miserable a Prince, in so wretched and unhappy an estate. And the most part of the Castilians themselves, subjects to King Philip, amazed with these so many signs and testimonies of truth, (howbeit they dare not speak it openly, yet notwithstanding in their private discourses) they will not stick to say, That it is impossible, that this man should be any other, than the true Don Sebastian; And that it is to be feared, that God will swallow them all in hell, if the Catholic King restore not all that unto him, which of right appertaineth unto him. But those, who do not look on these great miracles, with the eyes of pity, say that he is possessed with a devil.  
This Duke (if I am not deceived) was called D. Alphonse de Guzman le Bon, the tenth County of Niebla, and the seventh Duke of Medina Sidonia, who in the year 1578. the King Don Sebastian arriving at Cales, for to go into Africa, received him with great royalty, magnificent feastings, with Tilting, & turning, with Bul-bayting, and other sports and pastimes, such as the I'll could afford.  
The said King continued eight days with the Duke, who (they say) took much travail with him, to dissuade him from passing into Barbary in his own person.  
This considered, men need not to think it strange if the Duke had a desire to see him, and also to speak with him: Nor that likewise which the Rochelers report, touching the sword, and the Negro, since that the wife and Lady of the said Duke, is Dame Anne de Silva, daughter to K. Gomes de Silva, a Portugal, and Prince of Eboli, who governed the kingdom of Castille for many years, who might very well retain the said Negro in her service, by reason he had been brought up in the Prince's house of Portugail.  
We have divers letters written from Cales, into many places round about, which we find to be as followeth:  
There arrived out of Spain, six or seven Merchants, Inhabitants of this town, men of the most credit & wealth amongst them, who reported they had seen Don Sebastian, King of Portugal, in the King's Galley of Naples, at Saint Lucar de Barrameda; and that they saw him chained as a prisoner, and entreated as the rest of the slaves, but served with more respect, and free from the oar: which favour, it is thought, was obtained for him by the Pope's favour.  
They added moreover, that many old men, Portugals of divers sorts, in great abundance, came thither to see him, and that all of them did confess and maintain, that this was the true Don Sebastian King of Portugal; and that the Castilians cried with aloud voice, in these terms, which we have here above mentioned, touching the wrath of God hanging over Spain.  
And if we shall but weigh all the successes of this King, his peregrinations thorough the world, his imprisonments, his deliverance out of Venice, the manner of his coming from Florence unto Naples, his sentence, and execution upon it, it makes the case appear in our sight, miraculous and full of wonder: But above all, his embarking and arrival at Saint Lucar de Barrameda. And yet beside all these, this is a rare and extraordinary thing, that the Galleys, coming down from Naples into the Ocean sea, did suit in such conformity, and correspondency with the ancient old prophecies, which touch these adventures.  
The reverend father, Ductor Eampayo, a religious & holy man, of the order of Preachers, being at Paris the last year, hath assured many men, that he had seen in the Library of S. Victor, in a certain book, a prophecy, which we will openly deliver unto you: to wit, That the King, Don Sebastian, should come out of Naples, upon a horse of wood, which out of the Mediterranean sea, should enter into the Ocean, and that his horse should rest at Saint Lucar de Barrameda.  
See, what father Sampayo hath trucly recounted to these persons touching this Prophecy: the same is confessed and confirmed anew, by the religious men of that Monastery: For it hath been communicated and declared to divers of them. Also, they have writ the very same, to some of his friends. And within the self same Library they have showed the prophecy to some such secular Gentlemen, as stand well affected to the liberty of this unfortunate King. And for as much as the said father Sampayo is far from hence, we cannot cite the very words of the prophecy, nor the Author of it. Yet notwithstanding, it shall make very well for that we have in hand, if we shall but know that which is found written touching the adverse, & prosperous haps of this unhappy Prince, by men of great learning, & holiness of life: which if we do, we may the more easily be excused. Saint Isioore, a very wise and learned man, and of the blood royal, as being the son of Thtodora, and of Severian, son to Thierry, King of the Ostrogothes and of Italy, who flourished about the year 580. hath left unto us in writing: Occultus Rex, bis piè datus, in Hispaniam veniet in equo ligneo, quem multi videntes, illum esse non credent, etc. Which is as much to say, A secret and unknown King, exceeding devoutly given, shall come into Spain upon a wooden horse, which many men seeing, shall not believe it is he, etc.  
This here, is found to be published in a strange adventure lately imprinted:  
A Shoemaker of Portugal, named Bandarra, borne in the town of Trancoso, who lived here about some 300. years since, hath left unto us in writing in Portugal verse, very many Prophecies upon divers and sundry subjects: Amongst the which, there are found some, which entreat Del Incubierto: videlicet, Of the concealed and hidden Prince; in one part whereof, we have observed the accomplishment in the person of King Don Sebastian. And if those which remain behind, shall prove but so true as those that are past, doubtless we shall see this King seated in his Royal throne.  
The poor labouring people of Portugal retain this as an old tradition:  
That a time shall come, wherein a King, whose name shall be as it were De Bestia, shall disappear for a time; and that after that he and his Realm shall have suffered many afflictions and calamities, the very self same King, whom all the world holdeth for dead, shall rise again, and gain his throne with incredible happiness. In which tradition, we are to note one thing, concerning the name of Bestia: For the Peasants of Portugal, in stead of saying, Sebastian, pronounce Bestiam: so that, taking away the last letter of the word, there remains Bestia. Moreover, we may also persuade ourselves, that this tradition of those base, rustic, and barbarous men, shall have his full accomplishment in the person of this Prince, hitherto so unfortunate. It is no such strange & unusual thing, to see God permit, that we behold his secrets in the mouth of ignorant persons, since that his Son hath taught us, Abscondisti ea a sapientibus, & revelasti ea parvulis. And we may as well, by the permission of God, see this rustic prophecy fulfilled, as they did that, which runneth through the mouths of the labourers of Beaulse, in these latter years of the King that was, which was by tradition delivered still from the father to the son.  
The year one thousand, five hundred, eighty nine,  
Anew King unto the throne of Portugal shall climb.  
The year one thousand, five hundred and ninety,  
far more hares, than sheep shall you see.  
We have also elsewhere, an other old fellow, who hath composed a book in Castilian verse, which serves as an explication of those prophecies of Saint Isidore, and of some other, who have writ of the Incubierto. In which book I have read some 45. years since, many curious things, which if I could remember them, would at this time stand me in good stead. But because I read them in my youth, without any notice of things to come, or imagining of any changes or revolutions to happen in the world these 24. years past: and beside, being then uncapable of understanding them, made me the more negligent in the apprehension of them: only my memory hath in a confused manner, furnished me with a Poem of seven lines, very fit for our present purpose. And not long since, a Gentleman of Portugal, a faithful servant to his King, and very desirous of his country's liberty, gave it me in writing.  
Vendra & Incubierto,  
Vendra cierto.  
Entrera en el huerto,  
Por el puerto.  
Qu'esta mas a ca del muro.  
Y lo que paresce escuro,  
Se ura claro, yabierto.  
Which is as much to say:  
The unknown shall come:  
He shall come for certain, and shall enter at the garden,  
By the gate, which is nearest to the wall.  
And that which seemeth dark and obseure,  
Shall appear full clear, and be discovered.  
For the better understanding of these verses, we are to understand what this garden, and what this wall is: for the exposition and understanding of these two words, shall give us light to the rest, and shall lay open to our view, those admirable things, which a simple Poem prophesieth unto us.  
We are then to understand, that this garden may be taken for the country, which extends itself beyond the Mount Calpe, which is in Spain, at the mouth of the Straight of Gibraltar, fronting on Mount Abyla, which is situated on the other side of the said Straight, in Africa, which are the two Mountains, which are named by the Ancient, Hercules Pillars, as far as the river, which the Latins call Baetis, and is named now at this day, by the Inhabitants, Guadal quiber, a name, imposed by the Moors, after they had made themselves Lords of Spain, which signifieth in our language, Great-water: for Guad, in the Arabian tongue, is as much as water, and Quiber signifieth great.  
The I'll of Cales is in that country, and was once far greater, than now it is. All this country is very sertill, plentiful, and delightsome.  
Ancient Authors do report of it, that if their sheep should go but thirty days without letting of blood, they would die with fatness.  
In this country did Homer dwell before he grew blind, which was in the year 1; 07. after the flood, and 255. before the foundation of Rome, and a thousand before the incarnatiou of Christ. In those days they called it Melesegines. They that have seen the fruitfulness and good temperature thereof, affirm, that these were the Elysian fields, whither the gods sent the souls of the blessed. Whence we see clearly, that this country is the garden of Spatne, and so we likewise call it.  
Yet there are some Authors, notwithstanding, who maintain & approve with very strong and evident reasons, that Lisbon is the garden of Spain, with the appurtenances thereunto belonging: For as much as it is a very pleasant Territory, large, fertile, plentiful, fair, and delectable, wherein grow great abundance of all fruits, the most excellent, and the most perfect that Europe affordeth.  
Your elder writers affirm, that the mares that live thereabout, will be impregned by the wind, and that the colts which come of them, seem rather to fly then run, so swift they are of foot.  
Ulysses (whom writers allot unto us, as sounder of the said City) and his companions, arrived after his shipwreck, in these quarters, and entering into the Ocean sea by Tagus, moved by the fertileness of the Territory, with the waters, & the abundance of fish, that were bred in the said river, being so deep, and so marvelous fit for all kind of commodities, besides the great store of Gold, which seemed to be in those sands, he named it Theodora, which in the Greek tongue, signifieth God's gift. So that the garden of Spain is that country, which we affirm to be between the mount Calpe, and the river of Guadiana: Or else the town of Lisbon, with her Territories.  
The King Don Sebastian having entered some of these parts with prosperity, it importeth us a little for the verification of this Prophecy, whether the one or the other be the garden of Spain.  
Touching the wall, all they that are well seen and practised in the ancient Histories of Spain, confess, that it is the I'll of Cales, which they call Gades, and by reason of the affinity of the G. with the C. is converted into the name of Cades.  
And for the better declaring from whence this name came, it is necessary that we here allege some ancient Histories, who teach us, that there are six men that bear the name of Hercules: whereof, two of them have stifled each others reputation. One was son unto jupiter & Alcmene: the other, son of the same father, and of Asteria sister to Latona. And this Hercules is adored with great reverence at Tyr.  
The Histories do report, that he commanded the Gaditanes by a dream, who were the Inhabitants of that City, that they should pass into Spain, and build a Temple unto him in Cales, where his name should be held in veneration.  
For to accomplish this commandment, the Gaditanes embarked themselves in the year two hundred thirty five, after the foundation of Rome; and sailing by the Mediterranean sea, they entered the Ocean: and not far from the mouth of the Straight, they landed at Cales.  
There began they to build a town, observing the customs and Ceremonies of the Hetruscians, who did (as M. Varro mentioneth) couple a Bull and a Cow under one yoke, and so made a deep furrow with their ploughshare, in a circular or round figure, whose circuit they drew as large as the City should be, which they intended to build. The plough share made the furrow, and the earth they threw up, form their walls. So did Romulus, when he undertook the foundation of Rome: as it is storied by Dionysius Halicarnesseus. So did Aeneas also, according to the testimony of Virgil.  Interea Aeneas orbem designat aratro. 
And thus in this manner, was the said place held afterwards for a thing holy, and religious.  
As soon as the building of this town and temple was bruited in the world, great multitudes out of Europe, Africa, and Asia, came to see it. And in after years, the carthaginians, considering that the inhabitants thereof, as being all of one country, (for they and the Gaditanes came both out of Tire) would continue still friends unto them, determined to undertake the conquest of Spain.  
And for the better effecting their design, they cloaked their ambition, with piety and religion, as I shall show you: giving the Spaniards to understand, that it was not fit, since so many out of all parts of the world came to visit this City, and the temple belonging unto it, and to do sacrifice unto the God thereof, of whom they had received such exceeding benefits, that the said God should be worshipped in so poor a temple, and of so base a structure, the walls thereof being no better than dirt and earth: And therefore would entreat them, that they might have leave to build a greater, a richer, and more sumptuous temple.  
The Spaniards, not suspecting any ill that might succeed, nor any way being jealous of the Carthaginians at that time, did easily condescend to their request, suffering them to obtain whatsoever they desired.  
Presently hereupon, the Carthaginians began, with incredible haste to build a mighty huge temple of squared stone, and so strong, that it might serve them in stead of a castle, for the effecting of this their intention.  
There were also all along the temple some strong buildings, saying they were to screw for the Priests, the officers, and the servants of the said temple.  
Not content with this, acquainting the Spaniards with the bad entertainment, which those received which came with such great devotion, and undertook such long journeys for to visit the house of this their God, that they might have where to retire themselves, and to shelter themselves for all seasons, that they would permit them to build a greater number of houses, for to lodge and receive these poor pilgrims.  
In a word, the Carthaginians obtained all that they would: and joining one house to another, they made a very strong place, by means whereof, they grew great Lords in Spain. And the same report is now at this day very common also in the mouths of many. When the Earl of Essex took the said town by force, the Inhabitants trembled, and cried out, Is it possible that the walls of Spain should be taken by the enemy? O God, what shall we do?  
Out of this, which hath been said, you may clearly see, that this is that wall, and that garden, which the Author of these Prophecies hath spoken of in his verses. So that in knowing this, we may easily have knowledge of the gate which is on the hither side of the wall, which must be that of Saint Lucar de Barrameda, which is on the other side in the Ocean sea, some five leagues distant from Cales.  
God grant that this virtuous and holy Prince, Don Sebastian, King of Portugal, fulfilling all that which is prophesied of him, may enter into the possession of his kingdom, for the peace and tranquillity of his countries, & the common good of all Christendom. Amen. Farewell, the last of August. 1602.   

AFter I had ended this present discourse, news came out of divers places, and letters sent by many persons worthy of credit, who confirm all this that hath been spoken of D. Sebastian: Adding withal that the Duke of Medina Sidonia sent afterward aboard the Galleys, four men, which had both seen, known, spoken, and served the said King all the time he lay at Cales, before he passed into Africa, which were eight days, for to see, and examine, whether he were the very same or no. These men saw him, spoke to him, and demanded him many things, himself not knowing to what end they thus examined him: Whorenurning to the Duke, did avouch with many oaths, That this man, was that very self same right and true Don Sebastian, King of Portugal, whom Bee had received at Cales, with such great joy and feasting, in the year 1578. Some say that the Duke writ letters of all this that had passed unto the Catholic King: And beside, that with these his letters, and ratification of what he had seen, and heard, he sent the said men for to testify the truth of it.  
God grant for his mercy's sake, and for our delivery out so many troubles and miseries, that those Prophecies set down in the two last lines of those verses in the Castilian tongue, before recited, may quickly be fulfilled, to wit:  
Y lo, que paresce escuro  
Se ura claro, y abierto.  
GEntle Reader, there are many more proofs and testimonies of this miserable King, which shall ere long be published, with a declaration of all his time employed, since the battle in Africa, 1578. till the month of September last passed. 1602.  
FINIS.