THE JOIEFULL AND BLESSED REVniting the two mighty & famous kingdoms, England & Scotland into their ancient name of great Britain.  
By JOHN BRISTOL.   printer's device with the framed blazon or coat of arms of the University of Oxford. McKerrow 285 
SAPIENTIAE ET FELICITATIS  
ACADEMIA OXONIENSIS  
Printed at Oxford by JOSEPH BARNES, & are to be sold in Paul's Church yard at the sign of the Crown by Simon Waterson.   

TO THE KING'S MOST EXcellent Majesty, JAMES by the grace of God, King of great Britain, France, & Ireland defender of the faith.  
THE joyful; and happy proclaimed union of your majesties two famous kingdoms, England and Scotland into the name of Great Britain, in one dutiful obedience of all, to one Royal Rightful Sovereign over all, is the very Treasury of the whole State; where your Majesty is sole, & high Treasurer of weal public: & your sovereign authority, beautified with justice for executing laws: with wisdom for determining Right: with mercy, and grace, for relieving distressed Subjects, is the glorious abundant Treasure itself. And albeit I have in my two books, like the poor widow, offered into your Treasury, but only two mites, yet I hope (& for that do most humbly pray your gracious favour) that your highness will be pleased in goodness to accept my humble service; & duty, & to lay up my two mites with the rest of the rich Treasure, though in the account, they be scarcely reckoned for a farthing. I have with that care, and caveat as is meet, only observed the Tenor of your highness proclamation, and with dutiful, and due regard, left all other incident circumstances, and great considerations to the wisdom of the Honourable Commissioners, authorized by your Majesty in both your Parliaments. As for all others, which dislike mine industry, and distaste my zeal, esteeming my labours lost, and better left undone, than my reputation left undone among them; I esteem them only tanquam Pedarios Censores trampling on truth, and carrying their eyes in their heels, and not in their head; nevertheless I desire (if may be) to avoid their kicking, and spurning: if not, yet because I know my farthing good silver, able to endure touch, and trial, I have without other respects in publishing this book, scattered abroad the fire of my zeal, to show it self in its own shine, and placed my happiness in your majesties approving mine endeavours, knowing that the king of kings acknowledged the poor widow to have cast in more into the Teasury, than all the rich men. Myself verily do cast in all that I have; and for my part, do judge it every man's part, to departed from all, where he oweth all. To this I can only add my daily prayers, and do presently, and will still power them forth to the God of all glory, and mercy, lifting up hands, & heart, that his manifold, and daily blessings may be multiplied upon your sacred person, upon our gracious Queen, and upon your Royal Seed for ever: and that all your kingdoms may flourish to your own hearts desire, for terror of foes, and endless comfort of all your loving Subjects.  
Your majesties faithful Subject and humble servant: Io. BRISTOL.   

THE JOYFUL AND HAPPY union of the two famous kingdoms England and Scotland into the name of Great Britain.  
THE State of England, and Scotland may be resembled to the condition of Israel, and juda, not only for emulation, who have most right to the Royal person 
2. Sam. 19  of the King's Majesty. for their defence, and government; but also for that the two kingdoms were at first both but one. Besides, God, as he speaketh by his Prophet, did also at first alike lead both them, and us, with Gords of a man, even with 
Hose. 11.  Bands of love. And as it pleased God, for sin of people to break those Bands, even both the Staff of bands, and of beauty, to dissolve the brotherhood 
Zach. 11.  of Israel, and juda, so, for the iniquity of our forefathers, God broke the Staff of bands, signifying mutual love, and also Staff of beauty signifying order of government, and brought in upon them, & upon their posterity, even to these 
Is 9  our latter days, a staff of division, and yoke of burden upon theirs, and our shoulders; which now for all that, out of the riches of his mercy, he hath also broken in pieces, making all one again, as he spoke by his Prophet Ezechiel, concerning Israel, 
Ezec. 37.  and juda, saying, I will make them one people in the land, upon the mounetaines of Israel, and one king shall be king to them all, & they shall be no more two peoples, neither be divided, any more henceforth into two kingdoms.  
This foundation laid, as project of our whole purpose.  
The truth showeth itself how two kingdoms, severed in place, not much differing in laws, nor dissonant in language, but only disagreeing heretofore in neighbourhood, may be comprehended under notion of one name, specially seeing, when one ruleth both, and both become Subject to one, they are no more two, but one body, linked in like duty, and knit together in one band of obedience. To doubt this is in Strangers, ignorance, but in Subjects, a great offence.  
For who so considereth that many Shires, with the principality of Wales, heretofore made one England, cannot but confess, that likewise England, & Scotland, with all their territories, islands, Shires, and Countries make now one great Britain, and all the people of both the mighty nations, Britons': and that the King's Majesty hath done as princely an Act in uniting both the kingdoms into one name, as he did in uniting the Arms of both the Realms into one Scutcheon having a like Right in both. For all great Britain being his majesties inheritance, all his Subjects within that continent are Britain's.  
Just, and reasonable was the demand of Annius, chief Governor of Latins, in uniting Romans, and Latins, saying, Ex utraque gente unum 
Liv. 1. Dec. 8. lib.  oportet esse populum, unam fieri rempub: eanden imperij sedem, idemque omnibus nomen. And albeit the Latins were content, for sake of weal public, to prefer Romans before themselves, and be called by their names (as the History there farther reporteth) Quoniam ab alter utra part concedi necesse est (quod utrisque benè vertat) sit hat sanè patria potior, & Romani omnes vocemur: nevertheless the case not standing so with us, that Scottish should be called by our name, nor we by theirs, me thinks, a third name of great Britain might easily, & equally please both: otherwise as King Deiotarus cut of all his children, saving one, 
Plut. 3. mor  because he would leave the kingdom but to one: so should English, swallowing up name of Scottish, or Scottish drowning name of English, prove such a Vine, which to bring but one grape to ripeness, is content that all Branches be cut of, but one. But the question here is not, which of the branches should best prosper, but how all the branches may flourish, which abide in the Vine: and verily the question carrieth in itself, his answer. Abide in the Vine. This Vine is but 
Ezec. 37. 19  one, though of many branches, and much fruit. And thanks be given to God, that his Majesty by public Proclamation, hath divulged the inserting and fast grafting of each branch, and all fruit into his own Royal person, as into a fruitful and flourishing vine, even into the head of the whole body, of how many so ever parts consisting. Wherein his Highness hath laid the first stone, as he is the true and only foundation of happy union: and yet, as yet, like Apelles fashioning only the exquisite and most excellent beauty of Venus in the head, but I hope also & will pray for perfection in the rest: that the saying may be true. Rex velit honesta, nemo non eadem volet: and that an universal union may be as happy in successu, as it is most just by proclamation in inceptu. That the head going before, the whole body may follow after in imitation, to work out perfection of the desired happy union. That it may be verified, quod diu parturivit tandem peperit; & what God had in his providence long purposed is fulfilled in these our happy days. And that by no means that of the Poet may be imputed to us, either by disobedience to our head, or disagreeing among ourselves, humano capiti vartas inducere formas. Grammarians do observe, that Metallum, is so called, quasi, 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉, that is post, & 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉, that is aliud, because there is scarcely found no vein of Metal, where is not more of that sort adjoining to it: so among English and Scottish, they are not to be thought of the true metalline Mine, but as dross, & canker, corrupting, & consuming each other, which join not in the universal name of great Britain, so to continue, and dwell together, to grow up and agree together: seeing nature hath made them all of one kind, form, complexion, habit, and language growing together.  
And verily divine is the mystery of union (whether the provident wisdom of nature from God hath engendered it, or the skill of man's reason hath observed it) where one of, and in itself, doth out of itself power forth innumerable forms of things; as Britain doth, even two kingdoms, & the principality of Wales, with many Shires, Rivers, islands, and people, and yet containeth them all within itself: one having many, many making one; where one of many is not divided against itself, and the many in one make no division to overthrow the whole; but all are the same; whither we respect union, or division.  
And this doubtless is a divine power, or celestial virtue, not only for our purpose, but compassing, & passing through the whole world, making things either simple, or conjunct, but one; subsisting, by, & under the divine essence, which is one; and consisting in all his members, & parts united, but one; where each, & every part of this universal world, respecteth the whole, otherwise innumerable, but brought by union to a number, without number, even beginning of numbers, which is but one.  
And this is most agreeing to the conceit of wisest Philosophers, skilful in natures Secret: teaching, all (whatsoever is) to be but one: and that in the universal nature of things there is an agreeing amity, and intermixed affinity,: where all the parts of the whole world accord, by one transfused continuat spirit among them, being compact together with one, and the self-same agreeing force, & forcible agreement of nature, proceeding from one beginning, continued by one mean, and referred to one end; every particular being knit together with the whole universality & diversity of things, & wrapped up in one round orb together, that as parts of this world, they may dwell in one Centre, or Circle together.  
To shut up many things in few, and to show how certainly all things are contained in one, & one doth comprehend all, verily in Schools of Philosophers, it is an infallible Maxim, that all things are communicated in one; unum hoc, praeque omnibus unum. This one is all in al. Ruunt autem omnia, ubi unitas non firmamentum, diffluunt, ubi non coagulum. The demonstration in our intended purpose, is plain. Many villages make one Shire, many Shires one kingdom, many kingdoms one Imperial Monarchy: all which is Britain, and Britain all these; and the King's Majesty possessing, & governing Britain, possesseth, and governeth all these: and the Subject, knowing Britain, knoweth all, and every of these; for all these are one, and this one is all these. That as this excellent workmanship of Union showeth itself in the mighty Mass, and fabric of the whole world, so much more particularly, and plainly doth it appear in a model of the same, even in the name, and honour of great Britain; where every Subject ought clearly to see in himself, that though he be termed, the little world, and compact of infinite variety, and multiplicity of things, yet is he not two, but one man.  
Here let the near neighbourhood, and conjunction of man, and man, in mutual society, and participation of profits, which man hath with man (where two friends are but one, and not parting meum, and tuum) confess; that though they are in person two, yet in deed do, with idem velle, & idem nolle, enjoy the fruition of heaven, with the same aspect, & the commodities of the earth, with the same mind; where all things are common to both, and yet proper to each one.  
All which things are alleged to show that as every kingdom, & State of the world is upheld with one, and the self same power, & life, wherewith the universal world consisteth, So now it concerneth all, & every one Subject, both of England, and Scotland, to participate in the common obedience, transfused into all, under the government of one: which duty is neglected of him, who against the king's designment, & right, & against his own incorporation, rejecteth his uniting into the name of Britain. And in this union, qui non colligit, dispergit.  
Where sacred unity is guide, and director, there, even from distinct of nature, use of mutual society, and good of weal public, many are knit together inseparably; and great, and infinite numbers of all Sorts of people, are contained in one narrow compass of near coniwction; for so the most populous and powerful kingdoms, though two, or more, under one Sovereign, seem to be, but as one whole body, And the whole body of weal public in subjection, and obedience, but as one man: sic enim omnes aquoiure parent omnibus imperature. And as in all things, so specially in this, are we bound, to render all praise, and thanksgiving to that thrice sacred Unity, from whom, as from the first author, and fountain, is sown abroad in the world, that fruitful seed of constant unity; whose force draweth many of one household to be of one mind, and is ever doing good, in its own nature, keeping Israel together, like a flock of sheep.  
Neither is it an hard matter to unite, and keep them together, who live under the same climate of heaven, & are of like language, manners, countenance, laws, customs, form of body, fashion of behaviour, yea, and religion: à religando: Rightly called the chiefest band of hearty union. For though the Hand Salamis be controverted between 
Aelian. 7●  the Athenians, & Megarenses, yet must it be adjudged to the Athenians, because they lived after the same fashion and laws; as now the skilful in the laws of this land easily acknowledge what congruity and affinity is between most of the ancient laws of both our kingdoms, more than is to be found between those of any other two nations. And albeit the Town Sidas be controverted 
Athene 1●  between the Athenians, & Beotians, yet Epominondas will adjudge it, to the Beotians and not to the Athenians, because the Athenians called an apple malum punicum, but the Beotians called it Sidas. There is between English, and Scottish small, or no difference, nay now none at all, in union all being Britons, not so much as between Gileadites and Ephraimites in pronouncing Shibboleth, or shibboleth, but all are of one language, & even of one Canaan language, only a little River Twede is common limit, or rather imaginary bound to both: and all from Twede Southward, is Britain within Twede, and all from Twede Northward, is Britain beyond Twede, yet both on this side, & that, all but one Britain (non nos mare separate ingens, exiqua prohibemur aqua) as all France hath formerly been divided into two parts, the one beyond the Alps, the other within the Alps: and all Jndia Westward within the River Ganges, and Eastward beyond Ganges. And all Scythia within Imaus, and without Imaus. And though the Island hath been long time divided into two kingdoms, yet England itself hath oft times of diverse, been called Britain, as by a Surname: and if pars prototo, might have that denomination, much more ought the whole being now made one. Therefore Linacre, & Grocinus of the one part called themselves Britons, and johannes Mayor of the other, affirmed that the kings of England, and Scotland wanted good Council to advise them to marry together, so to make of both one kingdom of Britain: & that only envious men, and they who neglected the Weal publiq we, did hinder this union of peace. Which thing King Henry the seventh, and King Henry the eighth, wisely foresaw, seeking by marriage to unite both kingdoms into one. Discordantis saepe patriae non aliud est remedium, quam si ab uno regeretur.  
Therefore the wise men have most religiously observed two beginnings of things; one of evil, divisible, imperfect, manifold, called duallitie, or Binarius numerus. Another of good, indivisible, perfect, and in name, and nature, always one, called unitas. If Duallitie, or Binarius, as cause efficient bear sway, then in the air it breedeth intemperature; if in cities, families, or kingdoms, wars, and discord; if in the body, diseases; if in the mind of men, vice, and wickedness. But where union possesseth chief place, her fruits are, to the air wholesome temper; to cities, families, & kingdoms, mutual love, and joy; to the body health, and strength; and to the mind, virtue, & godliness. For unity admitteth no duallity, knoweth no contrariety, and by consequence no infirmity. But Duallitie seduced Adam in disobedience, seeking to know, aswell evil, as good; who before, was sole Monarch of the whole earth, and was wholly good, and perfect, both in body, and Soul, until he drew with a double twisted cord of contrarieties, unto his body, in steed of health, sickness, & infirmities; and unto his soul, in steed of Righteousness, sin, and misery; needing now to strengthen his body, bread; and to repair his soul, grace; even for body, & soul God's mercy. For so he turned the Monarchy of perfect good, into a Monomachy, or duellum of good, and evil, sin, and righteousness peace, and war, joy, and sorrow, sickness, & health, yea life, and death. And now when the sole Monarch of the whole earth, left of to abide in the common obedience, and universal union of all things to his creator (albeit all the creatures were before in voluntary subjection, united also to their sole Monarch Adam on earth) yet now every creature lifteth up himself against his sole earthly Sovereign, and against his Succession for ever. The earth will not yield Adam bread, but by the sweat of his brows; the beasts become wild, & cruel; yea the earth openeth her mouth against the succession of disobedient Adam, and swalloweth up Corah, Dattan, & Abiram; the waters drown the whole world, except eight persons; the poor fly, can, and doth sometimes choke a man, having before neither power, nor will, to do it; Lice can devour, and eat up Herod; even the vilest, and weakest creatures, can, and often do destroy the greatest Tyrants of the earth.  
And in opinion of some, the holy Ghost seemeth in mystery to open this matter to a man of understanding, forbearing in the second days work, to say all was good; as is plainly said of all the other five days, and he saw all things good; not but that the work of this day, was also good, (for all his works, are, and were exceeding good) but because of waters, which in many places of the scripture signify troubles, yea intolerable afflictions, and because of division of waters in that days work (God, being a God, not of division, but of peace) therefore the holy Ghost seemeth to forbear to say in that place, and it was good. And yet would not these be mistaken in their curiosity, as if they concluded the division of waters in that days work, not to be good, (seeing that waters in the clouds divided from the Seas, are upholden by God's providence, not to power down and over whelm the earth) for they approve divisions of constructions to be good, as the dividing the light from darkness, the day from night, and of whatsoever into parts, for ornament, and beauty of the form divided; but utterly condemn divisions of destructions, or of distractions, which is, frangere non dividere, comminuere non distinguere, to part the body from the head, or the members from the body, to bring order to confusion, unity to distraction, form to a Chaos, & ens to privation, such division was that, whereof Caselius answered the merchant: Navem si dividis, 
Macr. 2. sa●.  nec tu, nec socius habebit: & such divifion the unnatural harlot intended, requiring the living child to be cut into two parts, let it be neither 
1. King. 3.  mine nor thine, but divide it.  
Where two, or three are made one, there is the image of God, of truth, of peace, of fortitude, of praise, & of perfection: but where one is drawn, divided, and torn a sunder, there breaketh forth falsehood, war, fear, dishonour, & confusion. They which are of God, embrace the one, and they which are of the devil, the other. For God both in the Centre, and Circumference of truth, is in simplicity, and perfection, one: but the Devil, neither dwelling in this Centre, nor sitting in this Circle, is carried in duallitie, nay contrariety of numbers, opposing evil against good, whose Centre being falsehood, the circumference cannot be truth: his is a kingdom divided, and must fall, being not a Monarchy it cannot stand. And yet we reject not the number of two, so they continue, & persist in union, as it is written, they shall be two in one flesh: but reprobate is that duallitie, that maketh war in peace, begetting and engendering division, and contrariety, controversy, and confusion: and either of ambition, senselessness, hatred, quarrel, open discord, or rebellion, doth hinder that sweet Harmony of union; most pleasing to God, and most profitable for men, of whom saith Tacitus, In publicum exitiosi, nihil spei, nisi per discordias habent, tamen libert as, & praeciosa nomina praetexuntur.  
But do we not see by this unfolding of things, how the perpetual course of truth, and unity, throughout all in the world, doth even now conduct, and lead me, by the hand, to the matter now in hand? And verily I will follow thee (sacred union) whither soever thou leadest me, & into, what soever Region of virtue, thou intendest; I will not leave thee, being never unlike thyself, always well accompanied, adorned, and beautified with diversity of things, and never alone, and yet still, but one. It is thy doing, that Prudence, the chief head, and governor of virtues, the rule and direction of all well doings, and prescribing to every virtuous action, the manner, order, and course, of doing well, doth so knit, and join together all moral virtues, as that by thy secret influence they all may be found jointly in all wife Subjects, and in every one particularly with one heart to perform that duty, which both yieldeth right to the king, and maintaineth peace, and love among men. Siquidem communis vitae societas, in unione consistit.  
And seeing it hath pleased his Majesty by public proclamation to assume the name and style of King of Great Britain, iure haereditario, it is meet that all loving Subjects not only acknowledge the clearness of his right, but joyfully applaud and cheerfully follow him herein; least murmuring, they, like evil, and base minded soldiers follow their Emperor, with an evil will, according to that saying, malus miles imperatorem 
Senec.  sequitur gemens. We see some noble men, yea & the gentlemen in our State daily to purchase, & unite Land, to Land, and Lordship, upon Lordship, & to seek by all means to shake of the Tenure in Capite, and to hold all their Lands in some other one more free Tenure. And it cannot be denied, that to all their several Courts, all Tenants and free holder's willingly perform their several services: or else are fined by the Lord of the Manor, or by his Steward. And may the inferior Lord expect more homage, from a Tenant, than a King require, both of Lords, and Tenants, all Subjects to him, and holding all they have, from, 
Tac. 1. Hist.  by, and under him? pacis interest omnem potestatem ad unum referri. But all gainsayers & murmurers, qui contumaciam potius cum pernicie, quam obsequium cum securitate malunt, are not unlike Mesech, and Kedar, spoken of in the Psalm, in respect of whom the good King complained to God, and to himself, saying: woe that I dwell with Mesech, and Kedar: I labour for peace, and they prepare them to battle, I study union, and they 
Liv. 1. Dec. 2. lib.  strive to make division. Non placeo concordiae author, said that good Valerius. But alas, why should Ephraim bear evil willto juda, or juda vex Ephraim, fratres'enimsumus: should not they rather both together united now into the name of 
Esa. 11.  Britain's, as into the name of the beloved Israel of God, flee upon the shoulders of the Philistines, and make spoil of their enemies, so that the Idumites, Moabites, and Ammonites, even all their enemies might be subdued unto them: Duo enim sunt, quibus omnis respub: servatur, in hosts fortitudo, & domi concordia. And verily the uniting the two kingdoms into the name of Britain, is not unlike that chariot, drawn, with two horsemen, 
Es. 21.  mentioned in Esay; at sight whereof, the watchman cried, Babylon is fallen, Babylon is fallen, & all the images of her Gods are smitten down to the ground. For so ' (except we will smother the child of Union in his first birth) both English, & Scottish, will soon hear him sound allow de into the whole world, that all great Britain is like jerusalem, which is as a city, at unity within itself; and Babylon, even division, disorder, discord, and confusion are confounded, and overthrown; and what King Egbert did write in Sand, King james hath blotted out, and trodden under foot all the dishonour thereof, and engraven, as in a marble Srone, the perpetual honour of great Britain by Royal restitution. This verily cometh of the Lord of hosts, which worketh with wonderful wisdom, and bringeth excellent things to pass.  
Alexander asked King Porus his captive, how he would be entertained, & Porus answered, like a King, Alexander demandeth again: Porus answereth again, in Kingly manner. Alexander asketh what else, Porus answereth nothing else: for in this, kingly manner, every thing else, is contained. And though (God be praised for it) the cause be not, between English, and Scottish in Conquest, and captivity, as between Alexander, and Porus (but two famous kingdoms in right of blood, under one mighty Monarch) yet our great Alexander in his high wisdom considering, how these two might best be governed, hath in his own royal heart best resolved it, namely by uniting them into one Monarchy, into one government, and into one name; and if any demand, how else, verily he must be answered no way else, for in this union whatsoever else is contained. Name in istoc sunt omnia: even, as the Stoics, (who I think neither were in jest, nor arrogantly conceited) contained under Prudence, both justice, and fortitude, and temperance, and whatsoever virtue else, accounting also him, who was perfectly wise, an Orator, a Poet, a rich man, a very King and an Emperor.  
All blessings, and graces, may be thought attendants, and companions to union, who alone knoweth, how to order all things in government: and is a princely commander of subjects obedience, and subduer of gainsayers, ordering unruly affections, bridling untamed lusts, restraining swelling pride, composing rebellious appetites, determining all doubts, & rights, within the compass of her judgement, and yet giving to every one, his due, by her discretion: And therefore is like the Sun in the midst of heaven, among the Stars; and as the Stars take light of the Sun, so all blessings of weal public proceed from this sacred, & thrice happy union into the name of great Britain, whose glorious light shineth to all, and every one hath comfort thereby. It is also not unlike the Soul in the body of man; for in the whole common Weal, it is wholly, and in every part thereof, whither it be of English, or Scottish entire. Tota in toto, & tota in qualibet part. As a shining light, it showeth a way for common good, and as a reasonable soul, giveth understanding to the blindest body, to see the full fruition of all worldly happiness: let no man shut his eyes against the Sun, nor refuse, a living soul, for his Carcase.  
If I could express the image of this union in lively colours, I would surely make her a Gods, fair, and beautiful, having a garland, & crown of all blessings upon her head, & sitting in a Chair of State, with all good fortunes, virtues and graces attending her, and as a Gods in triumphant chariot going into the capitol, or temple of mighty jupiter: where also the Poets have found her, but called by another name, even Pallas, who is also named Monas, that is, unity: because having 
Macrob.  one only parent, she resideth in jupiters' brain, even in the chief seat of his wisdom; where all the Muses are her companions, so called Musae, quasi 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉, that is altogether in one; where all the Graces go hand in hand, congratulating to union their mutual society; where all virtue, and knowledge, are near of affinity, but justice, and government of consanguinity to her, herself still holding primacy over all; as England, & Scotland, are cheerfully looking one towards the other in the name of great Britain, & as the two Cherubins did look one towards the other, in one propitiatory. And thy royal state o great 
Ezech. 28.  Britain is as the anointed Cherub.  
And as in the heart of man is placed fortitude, in his liver temperance, and in his mind justice, & yet all these, with all other virtues are annexed to Prudence, the common ligament of all; so is great Britain, by uniting all his kingdoms principalities, countries, and honours the complete proportioned form of all, and all in it both universally and particularly, are fashioned and made fit on every side for happy conjunction and mutual correspondence. For this renowned name of great Britain standeth in steed of a Loadstone drawing all into one, chaining them together with links of love, as Lisippus made an image of four metals mixed together, gold, silver, brass, and iron; expressing hereby absolute perfection of virtue, putting in gold, to signify Prudence; silver, justice; brass, Fortitude; and iron, Temperance: whereof they are altogether ignorant, as if they had never seen virtue, so much as painted, who, to overthrow union in the name of great Britain, bring no union of virtues, even excellencies of many Countries, to this so excellent work. But skilful Zeuxes going about to depaint an absolute work of a perfect virgin, took not only view of one woman's beauty, but had variety of many the fairest, to accomplish out of all these a more excellent, and consummate form of body.  
Shall we not think the kingdom of France, containing Pickardy, Normandy, the I'll of France, champaign, Avernus, Dalphenie, Bry, Bloys, Turin, the Duchy of Anjou, Xantoin, Burgundy, and uniting to it little Britain, to be more glorious, in all these, being made one, then if but one only of all these were that kingdom? Do we not see that the enlarging of the dominions of Spain, in uniting, and establishing divers kingdoms, and territories, as those of Arragon, Castille, and that of Portugal with others, hath so enlarged that kingdom, as that the like hath not befallen other Christian Potentates? Hath not the King of Denmark, beside the Cimbrian Chersonese (where Holsatia, Theutomartia, the Dukedom of Sletia, Flensburgh, Friesland, and juthland do lie) other spacious islands, fifteen in number, all comprehended under the name Denmark, and united to that Crown? Did not jagello, taking to wife in the year, 1380. the princes Hedingee the last of the blood Royal of Polonia, after he was installed king there, unite all his own principalities of Lithuania, and Samotgathia Provinces of Russia, to the kingdom and 
Esth 1.  Crown of Poland? Did not Ahasuerus reign from India to Ethiopia, over an hundred, twenty and seven diverse Provinces? And was not he so mighty (by reason of this variety, subjecteth, and united to his sole government) that he was, an hundredth, and fowrescore days, showing the riches, and glory of his Greatness, to all his Princes, and to the mighty men of Persia, & Media? But to take example of one only Rome for all. How hath it been renowned through the whole world, by joining all the nations of the world into one, even to itself? here-hence it was called terrarum dea gentiumque Roma, communis patria, mundi compendium.  

Omnia Romanae cedant miracula terrae,  

Propertius  Natura hîc posuit quicquid in orb fuit.   
But the Majesty of this Empire grew so great by adjoining other nations, and bringing them all into one:  

Haec est, in gremium quae victos sola recepit,  
Humanumque genus communi nomine fovit  
Matris non dominaeritu, civesque vocavit  
Quos domuit, nexuque pio longinqua revinxit.   
And again,  

Fecisti patriam diversis gentibus unam,  
Dumque offers victis proprij consortia juris,  
Vrbem fecisti quod prius orbis erat.   
And so may we say of this renowned name of great Britain comprehending us all of divers nations in one, under our gracious King.  

Huius pacificis debemus moribus omnes,  
Quod cuncti gens una sumus.   
I could set forth, and confirm by sundry examples, this uniting of many into one, and thereby show, that the enlarging of dominion consisteth in uniting altogether into one name, and establishing divers Territories under one Sovereignty, and government; and that the greater states, and Imperial powers of larger extent and far spreading domination are the more durable; 
Arist. Pol.  and that the Monarchy of great Britain is like to be hereafter of more durance, strength, & honour as partly (coming under our King's government without conquest or constraint: nam errat longè mea quidem sententia, qui credat imperium stabilius aut firmius quod vi adiungitur quam quod facilitate & clementia) so now especially it being united in the whole, then heretofore divided in parts; his contexture being of a greater frame than before, holding by more than one nail, and up-holding it's own greatness: even as great buildings endure and subsist by their own weight, as the Poet speaketh, Pondere tuta suo est. But I think it here, as needful, to lay open that great fault, imputed to Constantine, dividing the Empire among his Children; whereby of one Empire, he made three, and withal a memorable diminution of his authority, and forces: which part Brutus also played, dividing this whole Empire of great Britain among his three Sons: of which, though two parts afterward, namely England, & Wales, were again in good time united: yet Scotland stood, till now divided from the rest, & the rest from it, till God in special goodness, now restored to former name, and government, all into one again: for which our King james may challenged more glory by uniting all into one, them Brutus or Constantine dividing it from one: and though Constantine the great, was counted the glory of Britain as being borne and made Emperor here: yet may that commendation better fit our King james than Constantine: Tu nobiles fecisti Britanias, quod illic ortus factusquees imperator.  
The Platan tree hath many goodly Branches, and boughs, and leaves in one body: and therefore Xerxes in Herodotus, crowned him with a golden Garland: doubtless there is a deserved glorious garland due to the name of great Britain, bringing forth many goodly boughs, and branches, like to the fair, and well spread Platan tree; or rather for the height of his honour, like the tall, and goodly Cedar, in whom, the dream of Nabuchodonoser hath been verified: for he saw a tree in the midst of the earth, great, & strong, whose height reached unto the heaven, and the sight thereof to the end of the earth: whose leaves were fair, and the fruit thereof, much: in which was meat for all, yea the beasts of the field had 
Dan. 4.  shadow under it, the fowls of the air dwelled in the boughs thereof, and all flesh fed of it. But Nabuchodonosor heard also a watch crying out mightily, hue down this tree, break of his branches, shake of his leaves, scatter his fruit, that both beasts, and fowls may be put from him: nevertheless leave the stump of his roots still in the earth. So was the ancient honour, and glory, of great Britain: great, and mighty, high to heaven, fair, and fruitful, & of power over the whole Land from one end to the other: but the highest, who hath power over all, did (for the sin of the inhabitants) hue down this goodly tree; yet left the Stump of the roots in the earth. And out of it the tree is grown up again to former beauty, that we might learn to magnify the King of heaven, as did Nabuchodonosor restored to the honour of his kingdom, to his glory, and beauty again, to his Counsellors, and Princes, and to the establishment of his Throne with augmented glory.  
And here let us now consecrate to all eternity the ancient name of famous great Britain, as a Pantheon of all blessings in peace, prosperity, and honour: for as Pantheon was a Temple at Rome, round, and like to the capacity of heaven, wherein were put all the images of their Gods. So, I say, in the name and style of great Britain, as in a Pantheon, are placed all worldly blessings, like stars shining from heaven, and having their influence into the whole body of common weal, even perfection of beauty in Zion.  
Superstitious antiquity framed false Gods, one endued with this virtue, and another with that: this a wise, that a warlike, and another a just God: yea for so many virtues, they framed so many Goddesses, where one Temple might not be consecrated to two Goddesses, but distinct virtues must be worshipped with distinct worship. So 
Val. Max. 1  as Marcellus dedicating one, and the same Temple, to honour, and virtue, was thought to offend against religion. But our happy, and better instructed age, reducing all to one, as it teacheth us in religion both nations to be one, truly to worship one true, and only God; so in civil things, & government, it offereth only one above and for all, that whatsoever is separate, and distracted from it, may be counted, as anathema, excommunicate, divorced, or as a barren handmaid to be sold to the usurer, unprofitable, imperfect, or as it were not at all.  
And now, as union into the name of great Britain, is like a Pantheon, and bringeth manifold abundant blessings meeting together, & concurring in one, so let us account ourselves most blessed in our sovereign unitor, in whose Royal person, and princely Succession, is laid up all our obedience, and dwelleth all our happiness; even as that worthy Scipio, is said therefore to be borne, that there might be one, in whom all virtue should show itself effectually, and absolutely perfect: hic est Scipio, quem dij immortales nasci volverunt, 
Val. Max. 6 9  ut esset in quo se virtus per omnes numeros efficaciter ostenderet.  
This is the voice of truth itself; England, and Scotland are so naturally united in the name of great Britain, that the one nearly allied to the other, can no longer be an alien, or stranger, one, to the other, except it may be said, that, Quia meus est, non est meus, ipsaque damno est mihi proximitas. So this natural conjunction should be no union, because it is both natural in the Soil, and real in the Subject. But albeit the Romans put into the Temple called Pantheon that precious 
Macrob. 3.  gem named Vnio, divided and cut in two, yet we with all our goods and gear, ought willingly be borne into the bosom of great Britain, quae fundit in omnes imperium, not distributing union into parts, but knitting up all parts into one, as Cicero's orator had all sciences, and Aristotle's good man all virtues, as Cato was counted like perfect in all virtues, or as the divine Plato sealed up in man, the lesser world, whatsoever virtue was in the whole world, or rather as Eden the plentiful 
Ezech. 28.  garden of God sealing up the sum of all perfection and glory, was freight and decked with all manner of precious stones, the Ruby, the Topaz, and the Diamond, the Chrysolice, the Onyx, & the jasper, the Saphir, the emerald, and the Carbuncle, and gold. Even now may it be said of this universal name of Britain, as it was said of Rome. Imperij virtutumque omnium lar, and virtutum omnium latissimum templum.  
In ancient time it was counted ominous, if a stone fell, or a dog came among brethren. And 
Cic. Off. 3.  Socrates was wont to curse those, who by self conceits, and headstrong opinion attempted to set a sunder those things, which nature coupled together. And now if any factious Tribune of the people interpose himself to divide us, and to disturb the peace of Israel, thinking there is good fishing in troubled waters, and that the honours, and benefits, they hunt after, are attained in perturbata Republica: whereof they utterly despair in a peaceable State, quia in concordia ordinum, nullos se usquam esse vident: verily such are not unlike Medea, who so dispersed her brother's limbs, that they could not be gathered again: cuius etiam vultu laeditu pietas: as the Mariners at Sea well observe in the two stars Castor, and Pollux, that if one without the other, appear, they foresee a troubled Sea: but peaceable, and quiet without storm, and without danger in the sight of both together.  
The principality of Wales shall witness this truth, which never received any thing more beneficial for the people there, then uniting that Country to the crown & kingdom of England. For whilst it was alone without his brother, it was subject to storm, full of contentions, war, & shedding of blood but joined with his brother, it flourished with peace, and at this day is blessed in the uniformity of government there established. And in mine opinion, it is well observed in the Chronicle of Wales, how God was not pleased with the first change of the name of Britain into the name of England; for presently followed the terrible and cruel invasion of the Danes, & after that the conquest of the Normans. But memorable is it, that the Britons ruled all the whole I'll together, with the out Isles of Wight, Mon, in English Anglisee, Manaw in English Man, Orkney, and Ewyst, 1137. years before Christ, and after the year of his incarnation 688. even to the death of Cadwallader, the last King of Britons, and of the noble race of Troyans'. Which when in succeeding age many mighty & famous Kings of England, considered, they laboured by all means to recover and resume the name and style of Kings of great Britain, accounting it dishonourable, to lose any jot of the honour of there most princely progenitors. And therefore King Knute, King of England, mighty in his dominions of Swethen, from Germany to the North poles, with Norway and Denmark, having obtained prosperous success in warring against Scotland, is recorded after his death, the mightiest prince in the West parts of the world, and of all the noble I'll of Britain. And so William the Conqueror, for the good success he likewise had in Scotland, is recorded king of all Britain; & Henry the second, surnamed Curtmantle, is also for like success, recorded king of all Britain. And if they be Renowned and honoured with name and style of Britain, which by rightful descent, or by conquest, were inheritors but to one part only, though by their fortunes in war, they also claimed the other; what rightful title, must we then acknowledge, most justly now to belong to his most excellent Majesty, in the imperial crown of both, who by lineal descent inheriteth both. Which thing seemeth in his highness late proclamation to be strongly and truly enforced: for that his Majesty doth not covet any new affected name, but assumeth a title warranted by authentical charter, and records of great antiquity, not borrowed of foreign nations, but from the acts of his progenitors, both before and sithence the conquest, who had not so just, nor great cause, as his Majesty hath:  Causa jubet superos melior sperare secundos. 
Here I wish I had as many eyes, as Argos, to look into their devises, who seek to divide England from Scotland, & Scotland from England, renouncing the name of great Britain, lest joined in one, they might as the forenamed stars, appear together, shine together, and bring joy together. I would then not spare to lay open, (as Cneius Flavius did reveal to the world the tricks and mysteries of Lawyers of that time, and therefore was said to put out their eyes, and to cut their purses) how also these Adamants hinder the natural power, and virtue of the load stone: whom I call Adamants, aswell for repugnant qualities, as that they be truly Adamants, even Sons of Adam, practising rather in disobedience, dissension, and ruin of all, to lay hands upon that is forbidden, then to draw the iron, nay golden chain of links of love, in obedience to the king, and for common peace, and preservation of men.  
But herein such imitate the devise of Q Fabius Labeo, 
Val. 3. 3.  seeking to have the ship of common weal divided in parts; as when by compact of league with Antiochus he ought to receive half part of Antiochus ships, cut them all in the midst, craftily, so to defraud Antiochus of his whole Navy: or else imitate they Cyrus, 
Herod. 1.  dividing great Rivers into many little Brooks, till they be not only passable, but even dried up: for so these seek to stay the main & mighty Stream of great Britain by dividing it, and in dividing, to make it of sundry kinds, unlike itself. Such dividing, into parts, is disjoining of the parts, by disjoining dismembering, and by dismembering, spoiling, making 
Plin. 36. 17.  the stone Scyros, which whole and firmly compacted, doth swim and float above the waters, to sink, and be drowned, because it is divided. But our two famous kingdoms with all their provinces, shires, and Countries united into the name of great Britain, are like the goodly and pleasant river Danubius, which passing by many Countries keepeth his name, till it enter into Illiricum: where receiving into it sixty other rivers of divers other names, loseth not only his own and all their other names of parts, but is called Ister, one for all containing al.  
Here I require both of English, and Scottish, is either of them now, as a people disjointed one from the other? Or as Sand without Lime? Or scattered straw without binding? Or as Sampsons' Foxes running diverse and contrary ways, with firebrands of dissension among them? Nay here in the glory of great Britain is renowned, that King james, and his Royal issue do gather together that, which was scattered, and unite that, which was divided, and restore that, which was lost, and save that, which was endangered even by this means, uniting all in one name of Britain, as it was said of Rome, uniting so many Countries into itself, all parts which disagreed heretofore are now well agreeing. Hereupon Rome was said to be anchora a fluctuanti mundo: & as he faith in Tacitus, regnae bellag, per Gallias semper fuêre donec in nostrum ius concederetis. So happily doth this universal conjunction of all under one head, take away all discord, and maintain conjunction of love for everlasting continuance. Only they, which will be alone, and not contained under one name of great Britain, are not bound up with the sheaves, nor carried home into the Barn, and therefore are like glean after harvest, left behind in the field, subject to storm, they come not two and two into this ark, and whatsoever remaineth alone, extra arcam, perit.  
Such are not unlike that captain, whom Xerxes 
Herod. ●.  rewarded with a garland, for escaping alive, when all other Soldiers were slain, and yet because he came alone without the rest, he hanged him: and as the Athenians in the war with the 
Herod. 5.  Aeginetae, when one returned, without his fellows, ran all upon him, and killed him, ask where were the rest? And what can such (I pray you) as separate themselves from the happy union of all Britons answer for themselves, if they be called to account. Can any be English, & not Scottish, can any be Scottish, and not English? Let that outcry against the Romans be ingeminated against such, saying: Quintilius Varus, restore us our Legions, where are our soldiers, what is become of them? Where are the English where are our Scottish, let all restore themselves, & each one the other to the name of Britons. And so I say to all, and every one of both nations, Cedo alterum. (For I fear lest this name Cedo alterum, mentioned in Tacitus, be yet scarcely found among many: but I call aloud where art thou, Cedo alterum, give us thyself, bring in thy friend, yea yet another, and another, be not wanting to the weal public; una navis bonorum omnium, all good Subjects are contained in one Ship of common Weal, numerum non habet illa suum, one is not perfect without the other: for Britain's Subject ought maintain mutual society for common good. As for others disclaiming us, and disjoining themselves, only I wish they may all be of the same consort, and society with us, for, victrix causa dijs placuit, though, victa Catoni.  
And albeit many great, and mighty Potentates one earth make a great Show of copia verborum, by copious recital of many Provinces, & kingdoms; as if his Majesty should entitle himself by all the several Shires under his dominions, and not by one honourable Title of great Britain comprehending all: yet to show how this misliked some, it is recorded when the Emperor's Ambassador coming to the French King rehearsed the emperors style at large, which consisted of many dominions and names of countries; the French king willed his Herald to repeat and say over the name of France as many times as the other had rehearsed the several titles of his master's dominions: intimating that one name of France well compacted and united of many particulars into one general name, was better than divers particular names of many countries. And when Quintius 
Liv. 4. Dec. 5. lib.  Flaminius heard how his army was terrified, at the recital of many his enemies forces, of their diversity of names, of countries, of Armour, and of multitudes, Dahae, Maedi, Caedu sijs, Elemei, Cataphracti, etc. Spear men, Horse men, Foot men, Archers, etc. Oh saith he, what a do is here, with numbers, and diversity of numbers: all these are but only Syrians, and make a great show, like that great Supper, which mine host at Chalcis dressed for me, and for my followers, with much variety, and marvel at the diversity of the dishes, and yet all was but of one flesh, though of so many diverse dress. The River Peneus may better serve 
Herod. 7.  for instance: it divideth itself, and floweth into many diverse Rivers, and every one of these Rivers in his division, hath a proper name to himself, one after this name, and another after that: but all these meeting in one, and becoming again one great, and mighty River, do, now lose the particular names, which they held being divided, and are called by one general name, as before, namely Peneus. Non sunt multiplicanda entia sine necessitate.  
It is not reasonable that brethren from one parent, should be divided in one house, though they be severed in distinct place: but be as fingers to one hand, knit together by common joints for mutual offices: even as the brethren Molionides, are poetically imagined to have but one body: or rather the three Gerion's, to have many bodies, but one soul, and one mind; not unlike to that of Pythagoras, ut unum ex pluribus fiat, many in name, but one in deed. And as when Piso was commended to posterity for frugality, I doubt not, but he was wise withal; and as when Lelius was renowned for wisdom, I doubt not, but he was just withal: and Metellus for piety, I doubt not, but he was temperate withal: and Aristides for justice, I doubt not but he was valiant withal: yet I know that the denomination, is ever but of one, though it contain things two, and more: as the Temple consecrated to two brethren Castor, 
Suet. julius.  and Pollux, was named only Castor's Temple: and the munificency of two Consuls, Caesar, and Bibulus, was called only Caesar's munificency: and even many imaginary shows, and shadows have seemed complete, in deciphering one thing only: yea the very images of excellent men, have been patterns, and resemblances of many consummate virtues in one: as Plutarch's Alexander, Xenophons' Cirus, Homer's Ulysses, Virgil's Aeneas, & Lucian's Imagines, in steed of al.  
And as there is a common Idea, and enfolded notion of all things in the mind of man, so the overviewing the whole race and tract of things in the world, doth tell us, that as many peculiar excellent properties, may be, and are in one man, & he over them, as sole Monarch over all the diversities of worthiest virtues; so a king under his imperial power hath to him subjecteth many Shires, States, Cities, Honours, Provinces, & kingdoms himself being sole Sovereign, and Lord over al. Therefore though magnanimity only, was attributed to Cirus, only modesty to Agesilans, only wisdom to Themistocles, skill to Philip, & boldness to Brasidas: yet Alexander, as Plutarch reporteth, was furnished, and ful-fraight with all these. And Quintus Metellus is reported to attain, 
Pet Crin. 13. 5.  and possess together, ten of the chiefest, & greatest things, that ever he desired (as if he had at once ten Provinces under his command) and was known a mighty warrior, a sweet orator, a great commander, to prosper in his greatest affairs, to be in greatest honour, of great wisdom, a chief Senator, plentiful in children, rich of substance, and most renowned in the City. So copiously hath one man been stored with plentiful variety of manifold graces, all these at once dwelling in him, and he well ordering them; even as one free, and absolute Monarch may, & doth rule many mighty, and diverse Nations, knit in one by obedience, and love among themselves, and by law, and justice from the king, who by his laws speaketh alike to all, is heard of all, and understood of all: una, eademque communi voce.  
I confess the name of great Britain hath been long time eclipsed, or rather like those voices, 
Plut.  which Antiphon said were kept close, and frozen up in the Winter, until the heat of summers shining Sun resolved the frozen, and fast bound air, that they might be again disclosed. Comfortable is the warmth of this blessing, in the Sunshining day of our sovereign king; wherein not only clouds are scattered, but the renowned name of great Britain breaketh forth as a gladsome voice from frozened air, & cometh forth, as a Bridegroom out of his chamber, long time before locked up like a prisoner. Doubtless this is our year of jubilee, a year of delivering the Captive, of making the bond, free, and of joy, even in sort, and true sense to us, Annus Platonicus, wherein things are come about again to be as they were, (jure Postliminij) to recover ourselves, and be restored to name, & fame of great, and glorious Britain, long, & lately divided into two kingdoms, but now most happily, & ioiefully subjecteth, & reunited in all the government thereof unto one only Sovereign, most wise, and most religious governor of the same.  Deus haec benigna restituit in sedem vice. 
Doubtless this is the Lords doing and it is marvelous in our eyes, this is the day the Lord hath made for us to rejoice, and be glad therein. For as it is said, we own to God ourselves, for creating us, when we were not; and more than ourselves, for re-creating, and restoring us, when we were lost: So ought all good Subjects think the days more happy, and joyful, in which they are now, as it were new borne, than those, in which they were first borne, as is well said; non minus illustres, atque iucundi sunt illi dies, quibus conservamur, quàm quibus nascimur. Happy art thou, o Israel, o people saved by the Lord, who is like unto thee? Thou wert lost, and art found, bond, and art free, Eclipsed, and art glorious, dead, and art alive, thy name forgotten, and behold, it resoundeth even among hard rocks, and in the hollowness of mountains; thy beauty withered, and behold thy vallays stand thick, replenished, and adorned, with fairest varieties of all good; thy years forgotten, thy feathers plucked, and thy strength weakened, and behold thou waxest young, and lusty like the Eagle; yea thine honour, the honour of thine ancient name ruined like an old house, but behold it is now repaired, and called after his own, & old name; even as deliaca navis, torn, and taken in pieces, was renewed, and built again, to his most ancient form, and called still deliaca navis. Sic rerum summa navatur.  
And albeit worldly kingdoms and civil states seem subject to alteration, and do carry in their outward appearance, faces sometime shining, & glorious as the Sun, and sometime defaced, darkened, and deformed, conquering, and conquered, triumphing, and enthralled; yet the common weal itself like the ship before mentioned, ruinated and repaired, is still the same; even as the Sun though eclipsed is still the same; and a river sometime shallow, sometime deep, still the same; and a man now sick, now in health, still the same. Respublica, enim semper ut civitas, est contigua, unâ, perpetuâque serie compacta, & though admit it mutation, as our state did long time, ever since the first division, till this blessed day; yet Britain's common weal, was but sick for a season, till health returned into the whole body, by the glory of the head. So as now the first and Ancient common weal of great Britain is again conformed to his prime estate, sound, the same, & like itself; and is likely so to continue and flourish, so long as it retaineth the common band of community, & individual knot of unity. As Socrates is said, as long as he is Socrates, to be one and the same. Whither in childhood, or manhood, in infancy, or in age, the same Socrates. But Heraclitus denied, because of the sudden change of men and things, that one man could go into the same river twice: and ill debtors borrowing money heretofore, refuse payment, because they think themselves not the same men, & plead the day is past, and cannot be again; deluding with that saying: Ego non sum ego: hody & heri. But such conclusions or rather collusions are simple rustical follies; as he saith, rusticus expectat dum defluat amnis, at ille labitur & labetur in omne volubilis aevum. For howsoever times altar, yet truth ever showeth itself; as the river Lycus, running a long under the earth for a long space, breaketh fourth again, & as is said, alioque renascitur orb.  
The sleepers in Sardoes, when they awaked, 
Arist. Phys  thought they had passed no time: but we shall be more drowsy, and sottish than they, if now roused from our long sleep, wherein the honourable name of great Britain was forgotten, we now not open our eyes to acknowledge the happiness of these our days: wherein our hearts may leap for joy, to see our most gracious king, as a father of peace, and procreator, protector, and perfitour of subjects joy, sit in Royal seat of great Britain's most ancient, & most absolute Monarchy: whereby our strength, peace, wealth, and honour is the more increased, in that our Sovereign is the more universally obeyed, and we are doubtless hereby more blessed, than all our fore fathers: of whom we say, as Demaratus the Corinthian said, that all dead Grecians are deprived of great joy, in that they lived not to see Alexander in Darius' Chair. But comfortably spoke he in the Comedy: gaudeo, cum video huius generis reliquias; and how joyful is it for us to acknowledge one an other Britons', as it was for them brethren in the Comedy which after so long time came to knowledge one of an other: yea now for us to know one an other to be Britain's by all signs and tokens, non naevo aliquo aut crepundijs sed corpore omni. And though he may be pitied, which sitteth alone mourning, and crying: nec mihi cognatus quisquam fuit isto nomine: yet may both English, and Scottish rejoice, because neither Sister is a widow, but all their legitimate children are now of one name, and one blood, become, and borne again Britain's, as it were by a Pythagorical Palingenesia, even twice Britain's, as Hippolytus was called Virbius, because he lived again; and was twice the same man. Aeson miratur; & olim ante quater denos hunc se reminiscitur annos. And surely (as Pliny saith) sparsas & laceras gentilitates colligere & connectere, est, ut it a dicam, rena sci jubere.  
Thus we say, and thus we sing, Redeunt Saturnia Regna, even the golden age of Britain's Monarchy is come again: Altar Tiphis, & altera, quae vehat Argo. delectos Heroas: atque iterum ad Troiam magnus mittetur Achilles: another governor, and chief Master, of the common weals Ship, and another Ark, or Argosy, as before, doth transport the Nobles, and Commons both of England, and Scotland, to fetch the golden fleece, which Egbert that Dragon held so long time in his jaws. Quondam etiam victis redit in proecordia virtus. Now then, siquid patriae virtutis, if there be in us valour, of men stirred up, with remembrance of the name, and honour of our Country: Si quid antiquorum hominum: if any drop of our Ancestors blood live in us: Si quid humanitatis: if any touch of brotherly kindness, we cannot, but readily embrace each other, as the ancient Romans reconciled after long civil war, & shedding much blood jungebant Castra, & consalut 
Tac. Hist.  abant Cives: yea and triumph also as they did, saying, exurgere, & reviviscere Romani nominis memoria incipit, & gloria: unless it may be said of us, as of that base minded Vitellius: tant a torpedo invasit animum, ut si eum principem fuisse Caeteri non meminissent, ipse oblivisceretur: or it may be said to us Britain's descended from Erutus, as sometimes to another Brutus, in an other sense, not here intended: Dormis Brute, & nonce Brutus.  
Our Country men, & neighbours of Wales, as Chronicles report, derive themselves, from ancient true Britons: and do retain the British tongue, though somewhat mixed, called Camberaec, which could never be extinguished by any attempts of Romans, Saxons, Danes, Normans: & that famous City London, is still by them called Trenwith, of Brutus first named Trenovanton. And the Country itself is called Cambria, of Camber, Brutus Son, though we call it Wales, a word imposed by Saxons, naming them Walshe, which is strange; and many mountains, rivers & cities are among them still retaining British names: extremos pudeat redijsse: let us be ashamed to be last, or backward, seeing another Arthur king of all great Britain reigneth; lest we still seem overawed, and captivated to the Conqueror Egbert his will, and by his beating us, to be made, as base vassals, forgetting ourselves, our names, and our Country, and not daring to challenged, or acknowledge them: even as that base Slave Sosia was enforced to yield to his Master Mercury, 
Plau. Amph.  and say, pugnis me fecisti tuum, etsi sum ego, tamen non credomihi, nomen simul abstulit cum forma.  
Neither do I esteem the change of name, a matter of indifferency, as if it were all one, whither we were called Britain's, or continued English, and Scots. But in my judgement it is reason to alter all into Britons, because it was our most ancient, and is the more honourable name, except we will wear the Badge of slavery on our sleeve, to brag to the world, that we are not ashamed, to be conquered, so to show our nakedness, and shame, which Adam sought to cover, when he once saw it. Neither in mine opinion is it reason, that the now Nobles or Gentlemen of England, should delight in name imposed by that Saxon; seeing the whole race of Saxons is for the most part rooted out by the Danes and normans, and none of Saxons blood that was Noble, or almost but Gentil is left; and seeing (as Chronicle reporteth) it was counted in the days of the Conqueror, a reproach to be called an English man, or to join in marriage with any of the English (which in my understanding is Saxons nation.) Redit ad authores genus, & generosa in ortus exurgunt semina suos.  
And verily names, and titles, are matters of great consideration: unless, like Varro, not caring 
Aug. de civ. 1. 22.  for name, we should also say, that the God, whom the jews worshipped, was but the same jupiter, and common God of other Countries, though otherwise called, nihil interest censens quo nomine nuncupetur, dum eadem res intelligatur. But in the union of the Sabins and Romans', (as Eutropius reporteth) this was especially agreed upon, that the Sabins and Romans' should assume one an others name promiscuously: so that by no means they should be distinguished by name. Andalbeit among us, custom hath begotten prescription, yet we may remember, what is well said in the Comedy: nunquam it a quisquam, benè subduct a ratione fuit, quin res, at as, usus, aliquid apportet novi, ut quae prima putes, post in experiendo, repudias. As in the Roman story, (when it was objected that innovations, were dangerous to the state, and nothing was to be done, whereof formerly there was no precedent) saith 
Livi. 1. Dec. 4. lib  Canuleius. Quid postea? nullane res nova institui debet? & quod nondum est factum (multa enim non dum sunt facta, in novo populo) ea, ne (siutilia quidem sint) fieri oportet?  
Whilst we of England were put a part from Scotland, it was reason we should have a name divided, and distinguished from them, & retain that name, and condition, as pleased fortune to impose, as Andromache saith to her Son, sum, quod casus dedit: but being restored in integrum, and every part knit together, it is a like reason we return to our old name, & say, as in the Prophet, 
Hose 2.  I will go, and return to my former husband, for at that time, it was better for me, than now. And no man, when he hath tasted the new wine, but saith the old is better. So that as the Roman Empire first was a Monarchy, afterwards governed by two Consuls, and so a long passing through diverse kinds of governments, till it returned to his former state of Monarchy, to be as it was at first: even so the state of great Britain, first was as a Monarchy all governed by one; since it was divided, but now it returneth to his Monarchy again. Moribus antiquii res stat Romana virisque.  
For men wax weary, in time, of their present condition: and Rome mole laboravit sua: or rather, and more truly, God setteth bounds to all things, which they cannot pass: even the mightiest powers have their periods. And all worldly kingdoms thus changing, (after long experience) say, the first is best; and so likewise, ut rerum, it a verborum interit usus, quem penes est rerum, & vis, & norma loquendi. But in this case neither the thing, nor the name, being changed: but we lawfully recovering that, which was lost, renewing the title of great Britain, enjoying our Country (as we did before) calling all Britons, & holding all things in the same safety, and security under name of great Britain (as before under names of England and Scotland) say all and each one to other, pascite, ut ante, boves, pueri submittite tauros.  
It is a good, and gracious deed to provide for real agreement in all equal conjunction, and mutual participation. But, in my simple opinion, it had been verbo tollere, & reipsa relinquere, only in show to take away difference, but not in deed, without uniting both kingdoms into the name and style of great Britain; for, as he complained, 
Cic. Ep. ad Att.  Tirannis occidit? Tirannis vivit? So if the old enmity of English, and Scottish be removed, and yet the names still remain, I fear that the very names would ever put ill men in mind of old grudge, and incite new variance: as is said of one, that he was Romani nominis inimicus, at deadly hatred with the very name: where the name is taken for the very cause of hatred. As, eo nomine hostis, for that cause, even for name sake he is an enemy: even as in Rome, when all things were accorded, and all parties pleased, only a name, which was in dislike among them, was thought hindrance to their mutual Concord, and content, 
Liv. 1. Dec. 2. lib  saying, non placere nomen, id pericule sum esse, id officere, id obstare libertati: and therefore the Senate persuaded, Lucius, Tarqvinius, Collatinus otherwise in all respects approved, and beloved of all, even for his name's sake, to forsake his office, saying, absolve beneficium, amicus abi, exonera civitatem vano (for sand) metu. This I speak, least retaining former name of English, and Scottish, which heretofore hath been offensive to each other, we call (as before is spoken) the ill disposed to former opposition, as between fire, and water, even to kindle such a fire in jacob, as will devour in Israel, and no water shall be able to quench it in bethel. Where it may be thought more fit, to set aside all difference of former names: ut exoneremus rempub. vano (for sand) metu; as it is said of one quod nihil est metuit, metuit, sine corpore nomen. And if any account, the fear of name, nothing, (be it also say I nothing) yet a man cannot be to careful, or fearful of that which is counted even nothing, seeing it is said. Qui cavet, vix etiam cavet, dum cavet.  
Let former destructions be present instructions. Offensive distinction of names hath bred much wo. In Italy faction of Guelphs and Gibelines arose for name sake. In England much blood for the white and red Rose. In justinian's time fearful division between the Veneti and Prasini about colours blue and green. In which grievous contentions, arising first of small or no cause but only of difference in name and diversity of colours, deadly hatred is oft times kindled among former friends, as against sworn enemies. After Phalarides death, the Agrigentini made a decree that none should use glauca vest, because the Tyrants did use glaucis subligaculis: for they hated whatsoever, might remember them of former Tyranny. And the Romans publicly ordained, that no Roman should be ever called after the name of Manlius; for, because his remembrance 
Liv. 1. Dec. 6. lib  was displeasing, they would have his name utterly perish. I wish that nomen, or mentio ipsa, the names English, and Scottish, borders, former feud, wars and bloodshed between the two nations, were not once mentioned within our lips, but as nomen Pelopidarum utterly put out, abolished, and never heard of, as that which is laid up in silence in the Grave: even now that not the least occasion be left, no not in sport or inter ludicra certamina (as we have a name of play amongst us called prison base, one part striving for England, and an other for Scotland, representing unto us the variance betwixt both nations) lest it prove, as that betwixt them two brethren, Demetrius and Perseus, king Phillip's sons; who in ludicio certamine, opposite one to the other, with their companies divided on both sides, fell in earnest unto a main deadly war one against the other. I say, as near as may be, these opposite terms of Scottish and English should cease; except they remain, as only they ought remain, Epithits pertaining to one name of great Britain, and to one people Britons, as all the jews of all the several Tribes, were called jacob God's people, and Israel his inheritance.  
And herein (seeing as Vegetius saith) principis est pro salute Reipublicae, & nova excogitare, & antiqua restituere) both nations ought joyfully applaud the late proclamation, and in all humbleness of duty, submit themselves to the king's majesties good pleasure, seeking thereby the common good of weal public, and not his own glory (as they do, who call their lands after their own name, to get a name upon earth: & as Valens the Emperor desired, (according to his ambitious, & vainglorious humour,) to call this whole Continent Valentia, after his own name: for which thing also Henoch the Son of Cain, building 
Gen. 4.  a City, was first noted,) but as a king most gracious, not natus sibi sedpatriae (as Hadrian the Emperor professed before all: ita se rempublicam gesturum, ut sciret populi rem esse non propriam) thinketh only on the ancient name, non tam mutans, quam aptans, so to root out remembrance of former hatred, and to unite both into one. Pastor populi non suum ipsius, sed Subditorum quaerit commodum: & officio suo semper fungitur, utilitati consulens, & societati.  
Change of names hath ever been thought meet in policy, even where men formerly Strangers, and of divers kingdoms were to be trained up together, and framed in fashion one to the other: as were given to Daniel, Hananiah, 
Dan 1.  Mishaell, and Azariah, new, and other names. And Daniel was called Balthasar, and Hananiah, Shadrah, and Mishaell Mesach and Azariah Abegnego of purpose, by changing their names, to make these forget themselves, their country, and if it were possible, the God of their fathers. And so the Turks have, from time, to time, in their policy changed the old names of those places, they now possess, which before professed Christianity, and when upon any Conquest, they take into their government Christians, they impose on them new names, to live like them, and as one people among them: & shall we think it a wrong or inconvenience, that, if a Grecian Prince or other Christian king recover against the Turk, they afterward abolish a name imposed on them, and calany province, people or city after their old and ancient name? Et si hoc in arido, quid in viridi? If this be done (ex facto) by the children of this world, unto an evil end: may not his Majesty in his princely wisdom (fas estet ab hoste doceri) (exiure) for the undoubted good of the children of light call to remembrance, and put in 
Dio. 52.  execution the wise council of Maecenas to Augustus: to take away all differences, whatsoever, even of the meanest things, which might be thought on, whither of name or apparel, or any thing else, to the intent all things might be thoroughly composed in one uniform fashion, & conformity among all his Subjects, to their undoubted good?  
It hath been often observed, that parva scintilla neglecta magnum saepe excitavit incendium. And sores slightly cured, break forth into greater danger. And, if I might boldly write my mind without mistake, I would undertake sufficiently to prove, that if the name had not been changed into great Britain, it might be feared we should not long (as we ought ever) continue one; & that (love being not without dissimulation) we would among ourselves, as is upbraided to the inconstancy of another nation (now not to be here named) Ridendo fidem frangere, and so love, as that we would hate again. For as a chief inhabitant, and commander in privernum, being asked in the Senate at Rome, what peace they should expect, 
Livi. 1. Dee. 8. lib  auswered, sibonam dederitis, fidam, & perpetuam: simalam, haud diuturnam. So here may it be said, if union in name, bring also in deed, a good composition, and faithful conjunction bona fide, it will doubtless by God's goodness, last ever: but otherwise I fear (which God forbidden) may again rend in sunder, and make the new breach worse than the former. And therefore wise was that saying; eiusdem juris esse debent qui sub eodem rege victuri 
Curt. 10.  sunt, and that practise of Romulus renowned, who by union of diverse nations, eodem nomine et 
Liv. 1. Dec. 1. lib  eodem iure latinos vocavit. And hereof grew the Italicum bellum, because the Latins united in other respects, were not joined eodem iure with the Romans. To speak plain, we all confess our union in our obedience to the King, as to the head: but yet without that union also in the name of great Britain already concluded, & of other things thereto requisite (to be farther by the Honourable Commissioners considered.) I fear we shall prove, as imperfect, if not deformed body, as Apelles (before noted) painted Venus only perfect in the head, and left all the parts of the body unperfect. Neither can I, for my part, imagine that part of the body well united to his head, which doth not concur withal the body in all his parts perfect with the head.  nec pes nec caput uni reddatur formae.  
Herein let nature's workmanship in our natural bodies lead us to the imitation of her wisdom, in the government of bodies civil: and as she hath in natural mixtion reduced the four contrary Elements into a temperate and agreeing conformity, by taking away suspicion of emulation, making them lose their proper names, and jointly called mistionis forma: so should we by temperate discretion be willingly united with our neighbour friends into one corporation: especially seeing the reality of every thing we enjoy is to continue in all respects the same, and only a formality of appellation a little changed. Naturam ducem dum sequimur non aberrabimus, said he: and the God of nature hath spoken it, so that we must believe, that a kingdom divided cannot stand, howsoever it may glory in the multitude of his parts: wherein a common weal may fitly be resembled to musical instruments; which howsoever consisting of the multitude of strings, yet the harmony is in the unity of proportion with agreeable consent of distinct sounds. Now as a little jar in music, a little intention or remission of any one string discordeth all the harmony: so in this excellent musical concord of a wel-ordered kingdom, never so small difference, though it be but titular between the several parts of one common weal, sometimes breedeth hatred, oftentimes envy, but always emulation. Whereupon Philip Comines well observed, finitimorum amulationem nativam esse: that it was essential for neighbour regions to emulate one the other: which is only remedied by taking away the frets and by incorporation making them not now our neighbours, but all one with ourselves. And herein consisteth the nature of true mixtion (whereat all common weals should tend) when every thing remaineth that was, yet nothing as it was; when many contrary things yield up their contrariety and plurality unto one, consisting of all; which participating of all their reconciled natures, imposeth only a new name, to their new manner of being, which is to be one instead of many; & that not by coacervation or apposition of things without farther mixtion, remaining still distinct within themselves, but by union of consociation, which taketh nothing away. from these things that were before distinct, but their distinction. Out of which mistion will arise excellent temperature, which we hope long to see in our British; Common weal, wherein no humour either of English or Scottish, may be predominant, but temperamentum aequabile, and that ad pondus too. Which as it is seldom found any where, so it is always found where it is found with perennity. And concerning such mistion was that said of Romulus & Traianus, and now may it be said of our King james; diversas gentes it a commercio miscuit ut quod genitum esset usquam id apud omnes natum esse viderctur. And of such mixtion may that of Zeno be said, alterius chorus maior, meus autem concinnior: an other King's Empire may be greater, consisting of diversity of nations, but ours more compact and united in one. And this mixtion of both our nations so mixed in one, bringeth forth but one titel of GREAT BRITAIN. unum, sedleonem, as the proverb hath.  
Which I the rather urge here, against Politeans (if any such be) of this age, who seek to nourish faction and opposition in the State, and common Weal, and think nothing better; quam si in common non consulant; who ever have a Rowland, for an Oliver; where fearful experience doth often show the fruits of that Axiom; contraria contrarijs curantur. Which manner of keeping Subjects one opposite, and offensive to the other, is a flinty, and fiery society, even societas lapidum, fornicationi similima, quae casura, nisi invicem obstarent, hoc enim ip so continetur. And this practice, wheresoever prevailing, is more than Machivelian, even devilish sowing seed of dissension in parts, to destroy the whole. Therefore it being an infallible, but woeful ground of truth: nulla salus bello: It is meet that all and every Subject of great Britain, understand, and profess the other part of that verse, pacem te poscimus omnes. For so I think this Axiom in a State, is better for preservation of weal public: similima similimis nutriuntur.  
And if I were worthy, here would I advise all the Magistrates of great Britain, which either now do, or hereafter shall bear rule under their high Sovereign, in any parts of his dominions, to remember in all their high honours, that Cleo, and Themistocles took contrary courses, & were both misliked in time of their Magistracy. For Cleo called all his friends, and old acquaintance together, and renounced them openly, giving them to understand, that now he was so advanced, they should expect nothing from him for former friendship's sake. And Themistocles answered one, wishing him to be alike to all, and not partial, that he would not sit in Seat of honour, and not do more good to former friends, then to others. But truth is, in a common wealth, nor disdain of former friends becometh Cleo, nor partial favours Themistocles; for community regardeth neither any man, neither any cause for private respects, but is as the Sun, yielding alike common 
Pli. paneg.  comfort to all: which thing I wish all, as one man, wisely to perceive, and willingly perform. And 
Zenop.  yet may Cirus have in remembrance, the very meanest of them, with whom sometimes he lived. and Ahasuerus looking into the Chronicles may remember those, which have saved the king, from any, who sought to lay violent hands upon him. And the Macedonians may not either grudge, or disdain that Alexander prefer the Persians before them of his own Country. Ecquis est qui vestra 
Liv. 1. Dec. 6. lib.  necessaria suffragia pro voluntarijs, & serva pro liberis faciat?  
But to return into the king's high way for the name of Britain: seeing his Majesty may say, non me Troia capit, Scotland alone doth not contain my greatness: and therefore speaketh also to England: salve fatis mihi debita tellus: England is also the lot of mine inheritance: and both England, and Scotland, will I make one Empire, and renew their names into first title of great Britain, as it were Ilium in Italiam portans: (though in removing all the Gods out of Temple, to give place to jupiter, only that petty God Terminus refused, and would not move) yet let the Termini, and bounds of both our nations, & all the people therein contained, willingly give place to the just pleasure of their sole Monarch, and even in this also, acknowledge King james their supreme head, and governor: where obedience in each Subject, is like reconciled Genius, utriusque Regni: which though before was as angry juno, much adverse to the Romans, yet now like juno, out of her very image seemeth to speak aloud, Romam se velle ire: Anger is appeased, displeasure forgotten, and discord come to a perpetual end.  

Nec quenquam incuso, potuit quae plurima virtus  
Esse, fuit: toto certatum est corpore regni:   
And now the whole common weal, odijs saturate, quiescit.  
Neither may contention, either of antiquity, or any other dignity (whereabout Albans, and 
Dionys Ha licar. 3.  Romans', so much contended, and would not yield one to the other) break this common band of love among ourselves, or loyalty to our Sovereign, who embraceth both nations with equal and indifferent love. But we ought to consider, that both English and Scottish (quis maior? aeque 
Plau. Menec  ambo pares) making no question of difference for common good sake, without difference may challenged like interest in his majesties favour (& vitula tu dignus & hic) to be divided equally, and graciously among all, by Geometrical proportion as his Majesty shall be pleased to deem meet. Which thing may move all to mutual kindness, & reciprocate love one towards the other, with an orderly conformity of both to live together in all peace, and Christian charity, affectioned to love one another, with brotherly love, and in giving honours 
Rom. 12.  go one before the other; as it is said of Scipio and Lelius; actuo savitaeiter aequali graedu exequebantur: not grudgingly, nor contentiously, striving for prerogative of blessing; and birthright, in his majesties favour; as if it might be said to 
Gen. 27.  his highness, hast thou but one blessing my father? for his majesties abundance, and overstowing measure of honour poureth fourth, as out of a fountain, streams to fill up every empty channel, nemo ex hoc numero mihi non donatus abibit; and where every one may be contented: cuncta aderunt; animus, site non deficit aequus. Herein let us take example from the Roman common weal (and surely for our instruction may it be said, nulla unquam resp. nec maior, nec sanctior, nec bonis exemplis ditior fuit) where Dyonisius Halicarnasseus 
Lib. 5.  giveth us a strange show of two Consuls Largius and Claelius, who both strove to give precedence one to the other, preferring each other before himself, and reckoning one an others worth before his own: & this done, two or three several times, neither presuming to go before the other, but still refusing, & could by no means either be persuaded to take the pre-eminence one before the other. But is any man's eye evil, because the King's eye in special and gracious aspect is good? Doubtless when a king doth not all things ad voluntatem, sed ad utilitatem omnium: they which mislike (and yet seem of the same league, and society with others) do notwithstanding like Nahaz the Ammonite, join in common 
1. Sam. 11.  covenaunt, with others, but on condition only, that they may thrust out the others right eyes. Hoccine 
Liv. 1. Dec: 6. lib  est in common honores vocare? quaenam ista societ as? quaenam censortio est?  
But whosoever intendeth truly the common good, let him remember, that Solon said: the only way to keep Subjects in unity, is to maintain an equality for all: for motus, as Plato saith, is in inequalitate; but status, and quies in aequalitate: which thing is spoken, not to breed, or maintain parity in condition of men, for that equality were true inequality, nay iniquity, so to confound the world. But these things are alleged to show that our gracious Sovereign may herein (I speak under favour) be resembled to JANUS, who had two faces, to look forward, to look backward: for so his Majesty is set in the midst, sole Sovereign of all great Britain, to look on England, to look back to Scotland, and with princely & favourable aspect to countenance both, Tros Rutulusve fuat, nullo discrimine habebo: where both being made one common Country, that saying may well befit our common Emperor. Hostem qui feriet, mihi erit Carthaginensis, quisquis erit. And there is that equality, before mentioned, distilling from his Grace and Majesty in honouring, and defending both alike▪ (justa pari premitur, 
Tib, ●…  veluti cum pondere libra, prona nec hac plus part sedet nec surgit ab illa.) where none ought strive contentiously, lest they seem to offer violence to the king's Grace, or to his honour, or to both: as the Mid wife charged Pharez in making the breach between him, and his brother, by forcing his birth before his brothers, through strife in his mother's womb: whose name therefore, was called Pharez, which signifieth division.  
But our brotherhood is not in strife, as that of Cain and Abel, Esau and jacob, Ishmael & Isaac, nor as that of Geta and Antoninus, Sons to the Emperor Severus: after whose death, their mother 
Herodia. 4.  julia was forced to divide the Empire betwixt her sons, severing and setting them a sunder into separate governments with a sea betwixt them, because of their hot contentions and implacable hatred. And God forbidden, that we should by opposite contentions one against another, provoke the common parent of both our nations, as those two brethren did their parent julia, to cry out against us, as she did against them: O my sons, you have found the way, how to be severed and divided by sea and land, into distinct regiments, and as you say, the water divides you one from the other: but how will you divide me your mother? How shall I be divided between you both? Will you distract me into parts also? As them two lovers (mentioned by Plutarch) striving for their love, dum uterque ad se certatim rapere conatur, rend her in pieces? Let our strife rather be like that of Ephestien and Craterus, who 
Diodor. 17  contended whither should love their king Alexander most; in so much that Alexander was enforced to decide the controversy, adjudging that Ephestion loved the king best, and Craterus Alexander best. So it pleased the king in his sentence equally to divide his love, and so did they both equally strine to love: and after this manner did the jones and Chij contend in love to Hercules: 
Paus. 7.  and juda and Israel for David. And so I doubt not but our contention is of the like love, & duty towards our Sovereign: but as for hatred and malice amongst ourselves, so separating us that we cannot be mixed together, Dij talia Graijs, erroremque hostibus illum. Seeing (as he said) no greater 
Tacit. de Germ.  hurt can be wished to our enemies then to be disvnited among themselves, and if they will not be at one with us, that they may be at odds between themselves: mane at quaeso duretque gentibus si non amor nostri at certe odium sui. Quando nihiliam praestare fortuna maius potest, quam hostium discordiam.  
And now farther to enforce this union into both nations, the rather, because we are both alike under one head and governor: hath not his Majesty two eyes, to respect both kingdoms; two ears, to hear a like the cause of both: two shoulders to bear alike the burden, and care of both; two hands, to distribute honours alike to both; & two feet, to go, one before the other, yet both alike to support but one body? The inequality only is, if we are not alike dutiful, and thankful; neither do we, as the Apostle 
Rom. 12.  exhorteth, carry like minds one towards another; nor make ourselves in our own conceits, equal to them of the lower sort. And where Xenophon calleth Magistrates, and mighty men, the king's eyes, the king's ears, the king's shoulders, yea also his hands, and his feet, it is not thereby meant, that they should think, they also had two eyes, to envy one the other; two ears, to listen after advantages, or offences, one against the other; two shoulders, to shove at, and shoulder out one the other; two feet, to outrun, and prevent one the other; to hands, two catch, & snatch, one from the other, or to carry fire in one hand, and water in the other, or to build with the one, and to pull down with the other, or with the one to offer a gift, and with the other a stab; altera manu panem, altera lapidem; but that their eyes, ears, shoulders, feet, and hands, are, or should be mutual helpers one to the other, for the common good, and public service of the whole State. And I persuade myself, that all Magistrates under his Majesty, of the one, or other nation, united now in one common name of Britain's will for public Administration of the common Weal, so see with their eyes, hear with their ears, bear up the head with their shoulders, and walk uprightly, having pure, and clean hands, that as the fingers in the hand are distinctly divided, and yet do clap, and clasp themselves together, for more strength; so all of command and in authority within great Britain, though they have distinct offices, yet will so concur, and agree together, that though there appear among 
Aug. de Chatizandisrudibus.  them, and their distinct public services, as, in digitis, divisio, it shall not be, ab unitate praecisio.  
And verily the two kingdoms, are like two hands warming and enfolding each other, continuing two, yet in one body: where if the right hand challenged more necessary use, and service in the body, than the left, or the left hand, more than the right, & one not readily yield to join with the other, as is meet, the head may in his good pleasure, make choice and use of either: as in the Roman Story, when Tribunes 
Liv. 1. Dec▪ 4. lib  disagreed for chiefest honour, Quintus Servilius, Consul, of much less dignity, and authority, than a king, took the matter into his own hands, saying, patria mayest as altercationem istam dirimet.  
Here Prudence among Subjects hath need intermeddle with all other virtues, and show the power of union in herself; where justice demandeth right, fortitude tolerateth, what ought be borne, temperance reformeth will, subdueth anger, moderateth passion, and represseth ambition; and all in unity of obedience coupled together, bring forth plentiful fruit, for society, honour, and joy. Which thing well pleased Marcus Furius Camillus, Dictator of Rome, seeing all the Senate, and Subjects of Rome, not only accord in the common execution of each office for common good of all, but willingly, and lovingly, both highest, and meanest to embrace one the other, saying, that the common Weal, was flourishing, 
Liv. 1. Dec. 6. lib  and most happy: sitales viros in magistratu habeat tam concordibus iunctos animis, parere, atque imperare iuxtaparates, laudemque conferentes potius in medium, quam excommuni ad se trahentes: whereof the Senate, Consuls, and Tribunes gave testimony, and good proof, when they all submitted, all authority to Camillus, persuaded in themselves, nec quicquam de mayest eaten sua detractum, quod may statieius viri concessissent.  
In Britain's union, England may not exalt itself above Scotland, nor Scotland strive against England, but both as members of one body under one head, aught to have the same care one for the other, as if one member suffer, all suffer with it, and if one be honoured, all the members rejoice with and as in the church, so in the common Weal, one is my dove, one is my darling, she is the only beloved of her mother, & dear to her, that bore her; so I know there are diversities of gifts, and differences of administrations, and divers manners of operations in both; and God hath set the members of the whole body, every one of them, several in the body, as it hath pleased him, but, omnia ab uno ad unum: All from one head, and to one end. He that is wise will consider this. Qui 
Aug. de consensu. evang  vero curiosiores sunt, quam capaciores, quaedam magis contentiosè obiectanda, quàm prudenter consideranda esse arbitrantur.  
And now seeing I have waded so far in the union of Britons; English may not mislike, that Scottish bear office among, and with them, as if they were of a far Country, hunting after others Treasures, serving the king of Babylon, and not as the same Subjects to Hezechias; for they are of, and for England, as we, and we of, and for Scotland, as they, and both for both, being made one. Nay rather we ought desire their society, & rejoice in this community, setting before our eyes for example, that saying of Austin of the communion of Saints, made fellow heirs with Christ through the mercy of our good God: Deus, cum haberet unicum, noluit esse unum, sed habere fratres. And, (if in human matters, human examples more move) remembering that Scipio was as glad of his Brother's preferment as of his own; and that Castor, would not be a God without his brother Pollux, but would be only Semideus, that his brother might partake with him; as 
Aug. de bo. no viduit.  is well said: habent oculi in corpore magnum honorem, sedminorem haberent si soli essent.  

Tac. 11. An.  In the time of Claudeus, the Emperor, when it was consulted that the Senate should be supplied with more Senators, the Peers and Nobles of France, long before enfranchised free denizens of Rome, sought also to participate in honours, magistracies, and dignities with Romans: and the matter being handled on both sides with great consideration, the Romans alleged against the French, that Italy wanted no sufficient men within itself, for itself. And that there was no reason to incorporate others with them, who had been at so deadly hatred, and bloody wars against them. What? not private men, not the common people, not strangers, but enemies taken into the Senate? Was it not counted for a wonder that the Athenians did take only Anacharsis into their City? Would the Lacedæmonians admit it the Tyrrheni to participate in their honours, though they had done them service? And had their mothers also Athenian women? But the good Emperor replying, said to the Senators, that he would assume into the Senate, of all his Subjects, such as he found most worthy, of what Country soever, alleging, that his own Ancestors were descended from the Sabini, and made of Nobility and Senate of Rome, and that the julij were taken from Alba, Coruncani from Camerium, the Porcijs from Tusculum, Etruria, and 
Cic. pro Balbo.  Lucania, and from all parts of Italy chosen into the Senate. And that by this means Italy was extended, and greatly enlarged, so as not only, the people, but all their possessions, had their dependence upon the state of Rome, and grew into one nation and people of Rome. And that a settled state chief flourished, when the people in habiting even beyond the river Padus were received into the community of Roman Citizens. And lastly, that nothing was more hurtful to the Lacedæmonians & Athenians, than their refusal to increase the common weal by access of new and other people. What? Shall not they be admitted because they and Romans have had deadly feud one against the other? So the Aequi, so the Volsci. And yet are now all one and the same people of Rome. This forcible speech pierced their hearts, and prevailed so, as that all submitted their judgement to the Emperor's wisdom. Which thing I thought good here to remember, not forgetting also what Anna said to Dido.  
Quamtuurben soror hanc cernes? quae surgere regna, Connubio tali, Troum Comitantibus armis? Punica se quantis attollet gloria rebus?  
Which if we consider, as we should, we cannot then but ingenuously acknowledge, that good & praise worthy was the speech of Paedaretus, who understanding he was not chosen into the number of the Trecenti, who chief bare rule, said, he did glory there were so many, his betters in the common Weal. And no less commendable was his saying, who wished, he could raise from the dead many more, such excellent Citizens; as Quintus Fabius well advertised, Titus Octacilius, 
Liv. 3. Dec. 4. lib.  nec tu id indignari possis aliquem in civitate Romana, meliorem haberiquamte. Doubtless the common weal is more happy, and doth there more flourish, where is more choice of worthy honourable men, to be employed in public affairs, as need, and occasion require. And as arrows in the hand of the strong man, so are the succession, and children of such: blessed is King james that hath many kingdoms, like many quivers full of them: but as for the arrows, which of them shall abide in the quiver, and which of them shall be taken forth, and sent, or shot abroad, that is in the power of the Archer: neither may one say, why hast thou taken me; nor the other, why am I left with the rest: an non in caelo ipso sualuce 
Aug. de bono viduitat  sol Lunam superat, non vituperat? Et stella à stella differt in gloria non dissidet in superbia?  
And albeit there be a kind of jealousy, and natural strangeness among men, until they better grow in knowledge one of the other, and do eat, (as our English Prover be hath) a Bushel of Salt together: yet have we long since shaken of that infamy, which Horace laid unjustly upon us, that Britons were uncourteous, and unhospitall to strangers: and have learned to grant Incorporations, and immunities even to strangers in deed, and to enfranches strange nations for trade with us, making them partakers of our Rights: much more than should we be less nice of all immunity, and natural community with us towards those, who now are one with us; that though in the Comedy, cause of strangeness among men be alleged, quianec ille te novit, nec tu illum: yet we should be ashamed, quasi Canes, latratu accipere quem non agno scimus.  
Yea rather should we rejoice to hear by this union, how that Lacedemonij Medizant, and Medi 
Plut Arta●  Lacedemonizant, both Scot and English, so familiarly converse together, and are grown into one another's natures and manners, that like Servilij fratres, they are all one. And should we wish by reason of the neighbourhood, and nearness of both nations, as also for likeness of language we should be alone: even as the historian discourseth of the Phryges' and Troiani, & likewise 
Dionys. 1.  other nations, how they were taken for the same, & called by one another's names promiscuously, because they were so near one to the other; and the same also were counted but one nation, and of one kind, by reason they were of the same language: a most sure argument (saith he) that they be but one people, who agree in one language; as it is most absurd, the inhabitants of the same places should differ in language, if they be of the same kind. Why then (as he saith) iube hanc 
Ter. Adel.  maceriam dirui, quantum potest, huc transfer, unam fac domum. And according to that resolution.  

— foederis aequas  
jungamus leges, socio sque in regna vocemus.   
Especially seeing they may challenged with 
Livi. 1. Dec. 4. lib.  us: cives esse, & licet non easdem opes habere, eandem tamen patriam incolere: quare connubium petimus, & societatem, quod finitimis, externisque dari solet: nihil novi ferimus, sedid, quoth populiest, petimus:  quibus velit populus Romanus honores mandet. Was not Numa Pompilius though no Roman, fetched from Sabins, and made king of Rome? Was not also Lucius Tarqvinius, not so much as of Roman blood, made king there? And was not Servius Tullius, though borne basely, & 
Liv. ibid.  of a bond woman also made king there? Et dum nullum fastiditur genus, in quo eniteret virtus, Romanum crevit imperium. but no such exception of Scottish blood, his Majesty being rightly, and anciently descended of royal English blood, and his nobles hence forth in their posterity, being with us, & we with them, all of British blood: an esse ulla maior, out in signor contumelia potest, quam partem civitatis, velut contaminatam, indignam connubio haberi? Quid est aliud, quam exilium intra eadem moenia, quam relegationem pati? ne propinquitatibus, ne affinitatibus immisceamur, ne societur sanguis?  
What may we say more, but render all possible praise, and thanks to our good, and gracious God, who by his servant our Sovereign, hath reduced, and restored the whole Island of great Britain, answerable to his first beginning, and ancient former being; like to one City, even one jerusalem, which is a City, at unity within itself. Hoc verè Regium, duos populos unum efficere. As the king of kings hath in mercy done to jew and Gentile, to Grecian, and Barbarian, fecit utraque unum: he broke down the partition Wall, and hath gathered the people, and kingdoms together to serve him, dissociata locis concordi pace ligavit. And why should not many, and more than two kingdoms, as well civilie abide in unity of Subjection, as many Christian nations continue in unity of faith? But that the one hath the spirit of God, which is author of peace, and lover of concord, directing them: and the other the spirit of Satan, author of contention, and cause of confusion, perverting them, Which thing King David well perceived praying God for his Son Solomon, that he might enjoy the fuil possession of the whole dominion from sea, to sea, promised to Israel under Moses, but not fully obtained till then, because of the people's sins. And albeit for our manifold, & great sins, this whole Island hath been overlong divided into two, and forced by former division to many battles, & much shedding of blood; yet we praise God, that in these our days, the full possession thereof is restored, & given to our peaceable Solomon; so as not only all his own subjects even from Sea, to Sea, of both the kingdoms, are in him united into one; but even the potent, & powerful neighbour kings seek peace, and make league with Israel even the kings of Tharsis, & of the Isles, bring presents, the kings of Sheba, & Seba brings gifts, as in the days of Solomon.  
This change (even the happiest change that ever was) from a people so divided from one, by God's eternal decree, and special mercy, to be made one, biddeth us open our eyes, & calleth us a loud, come, & see; speque, fideque inquit, maiora videbis. For our Island, formerly for sin divided (as the Echinades Insulae, were feigned by Poets, once far separate, & distracted, for contempt of their Gods) is now become like that Island Delos, which though it floated, & was tossed sometimes upon the waters, àgente in gentem, as one wave forceth another; was nevertheless reported to be afterwards, truly firm, and stable. Doubtless that God which hath written in the waters, & the Sea, legible for every eye to see, & read Mare Britannicum: & who hath continually carried in directing the pens, & pencils of all Cosmographers, Mapmakers, or whatsoever Historiographers) whom Alphon sus Siciliae calleth optimos Consiliarios mortuos) not to alter the first, & old name, but to call it in all their writings, & descriptions, Mare Britannicum; hath graciously, & miraculously effected for the land also, that out of the dead ashes of old great Britain, should be raised even the self same Britain, as the Phoenix living, and dying, est cadem, sednon 
Lactan.  eadem, quia ipsa nec ipsa est. O admirable Metamorphosis, & happy change: England, & Scotland have left, though not lost, their names, both being preserved in the Bosom of great Britain: non duo sunt, nec forma duplex, but, neutrunque & utrumque videtur: and of both us English & Scottish being now Britain's may it be said, as of them two brethren, alteruter & uterque; alteruter est uterque uterque autem neuter. Which I again call that fair Phoenix, dying, & living, eadem, & non eadem, quia ipsa nec ipsa est.  
In which excellent, & wonderful work, the rather, & better to bring to pass the good purpose of uniting the two kingdoms & people into one, it hath seemed best to the godly wisdom of divine providence, first, & long since to knit all our hearts in one holy religion, & in the same service, & godly worship, to make us all like Citizens with the Saints, and of the household of God, renewed in Christ, and reconciled into one body, acknowledging but one God, & professing but one faith, & religion, the hope of our vocation. Whereby we learn, & cannot but confess, (if, as Cyprian saith, consiliorun gubernaculum, lex sit divina) that, that common Weal best pleaseth God, which cometh nearest to the Church of God, that wisest Politeans, are best Christians, that best governments have correspondence with God's laws; & that those kingdoms are best ruled, & the more blessed, which are of one heart & one obedience, even as all are one in Christ, who is the head, & all under his government, are by one spirit, but one body.  
Wherefore the good Emperors Theodosius, & Valentinianus writing to Cyprian Bishop of Alexandria, were bold to commend their government, according to the platform, before described, saying: A pietate quae in deum est, Reipublicae nostrae constitutio pendet, & multa utrinque est cognatio, & societ as, etc. Which most excellent pattern, and form of government, is after the example of Christ, uniting all into one: & this the Psalmist resembleth to that precious ointment, powredon the head of Aaron, & running down his beard, even to the skirts of his clothing: for so doth sweet, and precious union rest chief in the head, which is but one, & from thence run all along, & alike to all the parts of the people, which are but one.  
But shame on Schism, whither it be civil, or ecclesiastical; for it renteth the seamlesse Coat of Christ, both in the Church and in the Civil state, even in the doctrine, & ceremonies of the one against the truth of God; & in christian charity, & common civility of the other against the peace of men. Wherefore whosoever opposeth himself against the one, or other, is more unreasonable, & may be thought more cruel, than the soldiers, which would not divide Christ's seamlesse Coat, but castlots, whose it should be, saying: sortiamur cuius sit. For it caunot be denied, but that they; which divide great Britain, to have it divided within and against itself, divide that, for which they cannot say, sortiamur; seeing cuius is known, & sit cannot be denied: but sortiamur, & cuius, & sit, must wholly, and only be left to king james, & to his royal succession for ever.  
Only let our contention be, as was that of Israel and judah, who should be forwardest in bringing our king unto the seat of his kingdom, so now to preserve the possession of his kingdom, sartum & tectum, inseparably united to the king, & jointly united and undivided within itself. unus rex, una lex; unus pater, una communis patria; unum caput, unum corpus. Let not private respects hinder a common good: let every man be as one man, of one heart & one soul, united to the king's design, for the everlasting good of every one. If the king had commanded thee a great thing, wouldst not thou have done it? How much more then, when he saith, be you all of one mind to live agreeably together, in one uniform government, for your own undoubted good. Cedat ius proprium regi, patriaeque remittat.  
And to conclude in nomine, & omine Concordiae: to consummate this structure of union, and to consecrate it to all eternity, as the Romans did their Temple of concord. Behold, now is the time 
Liv. 8.  of uniting both nations together; (as he said) Si quando unquam consociandi imperij tempus eptastis, en hoc tempus adest, & virtute vestra, & deûm benignitate vobis datum. Heretofore, as C. Marius said he could not audire ius prae strepitu armorum; so by reason of civil discord betwixt both nations the name of unity was but as a pleasant song, touching the ear, but not entering into the heart or serious consideration of either part. And so until this day this contagion hath crept in every where. The name of Britain seemed as a brutish name, all commixtion betwixt us seemed confusion, any mutation for union sake an utter subversion of all the state. But now the matter is come extra Rubiconem: jacta est alea: the matter is proceeded in: aut nunquam tentes aut perfice. Such a matter of state is not slightly to be intended. And I know that all the honourable Commissioners on both sides think every one of themselves not to be employed in this so great business, only as pro Consul and in his own person, but pro Consulibus, & in common omnium; & therefore will be assembled like wise Romans, who after long dissension, and part take, made full reconcilement & concord perpetual for all matters in Aede Concordiae. And I doubt not, but all Subjects will in all places, as the Grecians did after long variance embrace that joyful 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 agreed on, for good of all, not for fashion sake, as among heathen, but for conscience sake, as among such, which truly know, and fear God, who is author of Unity, & but one God: that so there be henceforth, a perfect, and perpetual establishment, according to the laws of Medes, & Persians, which may not, nor cannot be altered; remembering, inimicitias mortales, amicitias immortales esse debere.  
Only yet I would set before all men's eyes that worthy speech of the renowned Tullus Hostilius king of Romans, in the reconcilement of Rome, and Alba, & represented unto us in uniting England, & Scotland by our gracious king. Quod bonum 
Liv. 1. Dec. 1. lib  faustum felixque sit populo Romano, ac mihi vobisque Albani, populum omnem Albanum, Roman traducere in animo est▪ Civitatem dare plebi: primores in patres legere: unam urbem: unam Rempublicam facere: &, ut exuno quondam in duos populos divisa Albanares est, sic nanc in unum redeat. And now also concerning the name I recite only a poetical fable, yet moralised no fable: that when Neptune. & Pallas did strive, whether of them should give name to Athens, it was agreed, that he, or she should name the City, who could bring the best gift for common good. Wherefore Neptune did strike the Shore, & it brought forth an horse, fore showing that Athens should be warlike: but Pallas gave the City an Olive, signifying peace, & that the City should flourish by peace: where upon, peace being more profitable, than war, Neptune was enforced to yield his interest; and Pallas gave the name. Oh how blessed are the peace makers? How beautiful are their feet? How glorious, and joyful the light of their countenance?  

— pax optima rerum,  
Quas homini novisse datum est pax una triumphis  
Innumeris potior.   
King james dove-like bringeth the Olive branch, showeth that the waters are abated, anger a ppeased, dangers escaped, forrows fled, and that salvation, and joy entereth the Ark of great Britain.  
God save the King. JOHN BRISTOL.