A COMPENDIOUS CHYRURGERIE: Gathered, & translated (especially) out of Wecker, at the request of certain, but increased and enlightened with certain Annotations, Resolutions & Supplies, not impertinent to this treatise, nor unprofitable to the Reader: Published for the benefit of all his countrymen, by JOHN BANESTER Master in Chirurgery.  
LONDON. Imprinted by john Windet, for john Harrison the elder. 1585.   

To the Right worshipful and his very good friend M. Robart Beale Esquire, one of the Clerks of her majesties most honourable privy Counsel, john Banister wisheth daily increase of all virtuous knowledge and happy health both here and everlasting.  
AS the case standeth in commencing of suits: so is it in publishing books. The client trieth his greatest friends which will give him countenance, and fee the best lawyer to pled his cause: even so a●l authors present themselves to such, which for friendship will favour their endeavour, & with knowledge can judge of their profession. Then the reason is plain, the cause just, the purpose necessary which hath moved me to offer this my simple travail unto you, sith I have often tried your singular love, and unfeigned friendship. I hope you will accept this sign of my continual remembrance, and seal of my thankful heart, not regarding the gift, but respecting my good william. Some peradventure will think I seek praise of o●her men's pains, as arrogant Batillus did boast of Virgil's verses. For others have framed, and finished this building, and I have only laid it over with new colours. But when it shall be well weighed that it is a hard thing to translate authors, & more hard to compare many together, but most hard to pick and to cull out the most profitable things in them, I trust they will not detract from my labour. This I profess, that my care in beginning, continuing, and ending t●is work hath been for the benefit of my country, not esteeming my pains, but hazarding my credit. My desire is to furnish & profit a surgeon with the knowledge of the body in mine anatomy and with manifold and plain practice in this book. Whether I have attained the mark at which I aimed, or shot wide: I submit myself to the censure of the learned, and chief to your judgement. For as you are well known to be skilful in the variety of tongues, and endued with all other good learning: so have you sounded the depth of this art. The consideration whereof hath much more pricked me forward to present this book unto you. For as it was due unto you in regard of friendship: so it was most meet for you in respect of your knowledge. Lucilius would not have his writings read neither of the most ignorant no of ●h● best learned, because the one sort understood ●othing, ●he other more than himself. But I am co●t●nt not only to have my ●ooke read, but also understood and censured by the skilful, being willing to hear where I have erred, and ready to amend that which i● ami●●e. I know that some mall-contentes will uncourteously entertain me not remembering that through my sides they wound others. Against these I request your assistance, that your name abroad, and your countenance in present place, may be a refuge to this poor infant when it shall wander from under the father's wings and want the protection of other friends. The father of light, from whom all good gifts and graces proceed guide you in his fear, increase you in knowledge, inflame your zeal, keep yo● in constancy (and all other Patrons of good learning) to his glory, the good of the common wealth, the encouraging of the godly, the discouraging of ●he wicked, and your own everlasting com●ort. Far you well the xxvij. of October from mine house in Silver street.  
Your worship's loving friend. I. B.   

The Translator to the Reader.  
OF two things (as it seemeth to me) the reader will require a reckoning at my hands: in both which likewise, I am ready to tender mine accounts. Of the one, as by the way of talk and treaty: of the other (as more important) necessarily. The first is, why I laboured in this translation: the other, why I have in this sort brought it forth. To the ●irst I protest, it was undertaken by the earnest request, and importunity of such friends, as I, in no wise was able therein to resist: myself being, though not unwilling to do good, yet unwilling at this time, to have undergone such a burden. Of this sort performing it, my reasons thus I tender. And first for setting that down, in a continued tenor of style (but sorted into Chapters) which standeth in divisions and tables in the Author, whence I have it: The occasion was in the movers of this translation, who made that choice for the benefit of the greater number: for that (as they said truly) few Chirurgeons otherwise could understand, that they should read therein. Thus when I had travailed a space in the traslation, and found that part of Wecker committed unto me, defective in many points, pertaining hitherto, I thought good (that this work might be the fuller) partly from other his books, partly from the ●ost approved Authors, old and new, (in this point, taking to myself some larger liberty) to supply that wanted. In which doing I have neither so curiously take● upon me, to prosecute every point, as that no particular should be wanting, that might come in question in this art: neither yet (I trust) so loosely laboured, as that many things of value, shallbe found to have overslipped me. From whence, an equal mind may see, I have aimed both at comeliness and profit. And verily I judge him of too mean capacity, for this calling, that cannot, by the light of these things, proceed into further particulars, when need requireth. For the cataracts and manual administrations about the eyes, I refer the Reader to a treatise of old Penemicus, inserted and lately published in Phil●ip Barroughes book. The french disease needeth a particular treatise: which we shall see (I doubt not) in all parts accomplished by master Clowes our countryman, who hath hitherto not unfruitfully laboured in it. Thus much for the Supplies. In my resolutions, I have given some address to the Reader in things, otherwise (perhaps) not so perspicuous. My Annotations are both to give light to the understanding of the text, to furnish further with medicines where I thought it needful, & to preserve soundness of doctrine, where I saw it not enough regarded. And let no man here say, I go beyond the latchet: but rather with judgement, and an upright eye, weigh, and consider the things I have reprehended together with the reasons annexed thereunto. For I protest, there is nothing on the earth, hath carried me into this course save only, a just and honest care of the reader's commodity. As for that learned man Wecker, if I have any where either ●rested his meaning, unreverently taken him, or censured him without cause, then is there wherefore, I should justly be blamed for him. But if in all these things, I have carried myself in a reasonable course, let not that be imputed to me for a fault, which is (if I could deserve any) my commendation. Neither can any man greatly marvel, that so much unsoundness should be found in Wecker, considering that (except in the preparation of medicines) he hath too much tied himself to antiquity. I found cause enough likewise, to have dealt with his method, but leaving that to the censure of D. Brights art, (a work of more learning & judgement, than many will confess) I content myself, in this treatise, to have looked on●y to the matter: and therein to have provided, to my power, ●hat the painful patient reap not the bitter fruits of an infected judgement.  
Farewell.   

To his loving friend M. Banister.  
I Received no sooner the report that your book was ready for the printer, but I perceived some privily repined. I hope you regard not their words, but continued your grounded purpose. You know that envy lieth always at virtues gate, and treadeth on her heels when she goeth abroad. For as the deaf cannot discern the sweetness of music: so the ignorant cannot look into the excellency of knowledge. marvel not if they say, there are over many books. For either they can not read, or at lest understand none. They never tasted Latin, and if some of them have tipped their tongues with French, and sipped thereon as the dogs do on Nilus, than they blaze abroad their skill with H●ppias. I doubt not (if learning had leaned upon the favour and fostering of these good Patrons) but all the arts had been long since starved, and buried: and the poor widow had been the best surgeon. A fisher in Thence-out dreamt he had taken a golden fish, and therefore he would now live at ease, and cease from labour: so these fools feed themselves in their vain fantasies, but when they shall once awake they will hearken unto Plato, who disdained not so long to be a scholar, as he desired to be wiser. I would not have you vouchsafe to remember these men, which think with mad ajax in Soph●cles, that fools have the fairest lives. Surely they deserve pity because they are simple, but stripes, because they are wilful. another sort there is which hath more learning, but as little judgement and honesty For they will whip Homer as did Z●ilus, and sift great H●ppoc●a●●s as did Thessalus. They have sucked Lamiahs' breasts in Plutarch which when she sa●e spinning at home laid her eyes by her in a basin, but put them into her head when she went abroad. They are as kind as the cuckoo, which devoureth the bird that brought her up, and with the male spider (as Aristotle saith) they eat the prey, but take no pains. You have felt these gnawing at your book of ulcers, and devising to cut your anatomy as small as mootes. Of this sort I say little, because all others say much. For as they have stricken all writers on the head, so they have by them again been wounded to the heart. This fruit I am sure springeth from their continual carping. They weaken the painful hand, they make dull the sharp wit, they poison the well affected, they sow contention amongst the learned, they seduce the simple. They have the tongue of the horseleech, the eye of the cockatrice's the talents of the tiger. Not unlike are they to Procustes the cursed host, whose guests were ever too long or too short for his beds: so to these men all writers seem too new or too old, too short or too long, too plain or too obscure, too simple or too curious. They are always aguish, for every thing is bitter to their taste. And deadly sick of a desperate consumption, for the more they eat, the leaner they are. If you tarry these men's leisure and liking, your papers, will perhaps be eaten with rats and moths. Whereas you fear the censure and judgement of the learned you do well, if thereby you be made wary in your work not weary of your enterprise. For they having seasoned their censure with equity, and their judgement with discretion, will pass over small faults with silence, and reprove greater slips with modesty It is not unknown to them, that the wisest man hath his wants, and the soundest writer his errors. Then you are not to fear the ignorant, which cannot judge of your labours, nor to regard the envious, which will not like your endeavour, neither to shrink for the godly & virtuous, which will accept your good wil Behold all hindrances are plucked up by the roots: wherefore then do you doubt wherefore do you quail? what do you require? what do you seek? If there be no people almost so barbarous, no nation so rude, which hath not all arts in their own proper language. If Hypocrates, Galene, AE●i●●, Actuarius, M●schion, accounted the fathers of this art, have written in their mother tongue, you have a large and lawful precedent to warrant this enterprise. And if mine affection (which I own and bear unto you) blind me not, I think no such book, in this kind, hath been published in our tongue. For as ze●sis picturing Hel●n, drew the lineaments from five of the fairest virgins of C●oton: so this book is borrowed from the richest treasuries of the best Physicians and Surgeons. Moreover whereas the parts of surgery have been rend in sunder, and scattered abroad, now they are cunningly compiled, and shortly comprised in one little volume. But above all, you shall honour this profession in the eyes of all such who heretofore have accounted it base and vile● For they shall plainly see that it requireth not only a lions heart, a Lady's hand, a hawks eye (as the common proverb is) but more especially good reading, sound judgement, diligent observation, wise experience. The grey hears of this art shall win reverence with the reader, the necessity procure loue● the variety of things bring delight, the plainness cause attention the certainty get credit, the continuance deserve estimation. The matter hath carried me further than I purposed, and yet I should have written more if this bearer had not so suddenly departed. But of other things at an other time. Far you well (good M. Banester) and when you can conveniently, writ again unto me. The last of july.  
Your loving and assured friend. A. H.   


The Book to the Reader.  
I swellings waist, I wounds do ioyne●  
I ulcers do make sound:  
I do the broken bones restore,  
What further can be found?   

To the Printer.  
Hast to the press, fear not the sale,  
good wine doth need no sign:  
The Surgeons crave this work to have,  
the gain it will be thine.   

The Translator to the Reader.  
Read well, keep fast, try warily,  
in no case me disdain:  
Commend of love, amend with leave,  
this crave I for my pain.   

To the Translator.  
If Weckers works do praise deserve,  
thy pains no man can blame,  
Which both with new and needful store,  
enriched hast the same.  
A work well bred, and better borne●  
but trained up passing well:  
The phrase, the notes, supply also,  
this same doth plainly tell.  
If some words ●o the dainty ears,  
or simple sort seem strange,  
Know this, that arts to terms are tied,  
and may not lightly range.  
If methods plate be not so plain,  
and perfect as some think,  
Thine author did this way chalk out,  
from him thou mayst not shrink.  
Thy tongue from taunts by reasons rule,  
so wisely hath been stayed,  
Th●● Momus eye cannot espy,  
with fault thee to upbraid.  
Such is thy fru●●e that painful Bee,  
may honey suck with ease.  
But spiteful spider cannot find  
her poison to increase.  
Then armed with Achilles' shield,  
Minerva stands thee by:  
Though Hector's force do thee assault,  
there is no jeopardy.   

In praise of the Book.  
As little Bee in broiling heat,  
doth search the fields abou●:  
So little Book from Authors best,  
best medicines sucketh out.  
As precious pearl in li●le room,  
doth many virtues shroud:  
So in this little volume is,  
much secret knowledge showed.  
As little Sphere by due recourse,  
doth heavens high unfold:  
So in this little book thou mayst,  
the wound and cure behod.  
A● loadstone doth the iron hard,  
by secret force hold fast:  
So little volume in despite,  
will envy make aghast.  
As glittering Sun with his bright hie●  
doth other Stars deface:  
So where this book doth once appea●  
i● others doth displace.  
As Persian tree both flower and fruit,  
doth bring forth without stay:  
So fruitful is this book to all,  
in time, and place always.  
Then honey ●ast, buy pre●ious pearled  
view spheere that turneth fast:  
Fear loadstone force, walk by Sun light,  
〈◊〉 fruit that ay doth last.   
A. H.   

The first book of Tumours above Nature.  

CHAP. I. Of the differences of Tumours.  
THE differences of tumours are taken from the material cause, 
Simple tumours.  either of which, or in which they are begotten, they come of a defluxion of humours, sometime one alone, sometime more, one humour, and that either hot or cold, the hot is either blood or choler. If the blood be good, it bringeth a Ph●●gmone: if it be evil, thick and black, a Carbuncle, or Furuncle. But if ●t be mort●fied● then springeth Gangrana, and Sp●acclus. Choler of the gentler sort, purchaseth Erysipelas without ulceration: but of the sharper choler, if it be also thick, there riseth either Erysipelas with an ulcer, or Herpes exedens. The more serous & thin, nourisheth Herpes miliaris.  
Again, for the cold humours observe, as first for phlegm, if it be thin●, there springeth of it Oedema, if it be vaporous, Tumour flatulentus: if it be thick, S●ruma, Ather●ma, Steatoma, Meliceris: ●● it be waterish, Hidrocele: of Melancholi● comes Scirrhus, Can●e●, etc. Sometime Tumours proceed of more humours than one, and when they do so, it is commonly of two humours conspiring the mischief: 
Prognos●.  
Compound Tumours.  as blood and choller● if they be equally mixed, they bring forth a middle effect betwixt Phlegmon and Er●sipelas. But if their mixture be unequal, then that which overwaieth the other beareth away the name also: as blood proving principal, the Tumour is Ph●gmon Erys●pelatodes, if choler have the prerogative, Erysipelas' Phlegmo●oles. If the humours mixed be cold, as phlegm & melancholy, in like sort their equal matching breedeth one middle effect, betwixt O●dema, and Schi●rus. Otherwise, if phlegm be chief Oedema Schirrhode●, if Melancholy bear rule, Schirrus Oedema●odes is engendered. Again, if phlegm be mixed with blood, & that equally, a middle effect cometh between Phl●gmon, & Oedema: Else the mixture being unequal, if Phegme excel, there is Oedema Phlegmonodes: if blood, Phlegmone Oedematodes. Melancholy mixed with blood equaly● the tumour is Phlegmone & Schirrus indifferently. But if blood prevail, Phlegmone Schirrhodes: if Melancholy, S●hirrus Phlegmonodes. The cold humours also mixing with choler bring forth the like order of names, for the tumours: as if Phlegm have equal parts with choler, the affect is just between Erysipelas & Oede●a. Whereas if Phlegm exceed the choler, it bringeth to pass Oedema Erysipelatodes, or contrariwise, Erysipelas Schirrhodes, when choler hath the pre-eminence over Phlegm.  
We have said in the beginning of this Chapter, that Tumours are discerned both by the matter, whereof they are begotten, as also wherein they are engendered: and hitherto we have prosecuted the matter only of their generation. Now it remaineth to declare, how they differ in respect of the place, wherein they are situate. And first, Hydrocep●a●us, Parotides, Polypus etc. have th●ir place in the head. In the belly are P●ominen●●a umbelici, Epiplocele, Ent●rocele, Cirsoce●e, bubonocele, Sarcocele, Hi●rocele, Pneumatocele. To the gland●les pertain, B●onchocele, Phy●●●, Buh●●ven●reus. And to the limbs, ●ar●ni●hi●, Verruca, Th●mion, Mermecia, Acrochordon, C●auus.   

CHAP. II. Of sanguine Tumours, and first of t●e true and legitimate Phlegmon.  

Definition.  THE true Phlegmon or inflammation is a Tumour begotten of pure blood, ●nd is specially incident to the fleshy Parts.  

If the antecedent and conjoined causes concur.  
Causes & sig●es.  The antecedent cause is abundance of blood, l●●e as when the party is of a Sanguine complexion, and youthful years, or it being at the spring time, or the diet of the patiented be of much good i●yce, and therefore fit to increase much blood. And here is to be considered, both the part that tendeth it, the part that receiveth it, and the part that draweth. The part that sendeth it, doth it either through needless plenty of blood, which it containeth, or strength, or straightness of the passages: which thing fullness descryeth. ●he receiving part doth it of weakness, or largeness, else openness of his passages, or by inferior situation. The part ●hat draweth, doth it, either through heat, or pain within it, which things may easily be found out. The c●us● conioy●●●●● blood stuffed in the affected place itself, which whilst it is unchanged, & not yet come to suppuration, the●e is Tumour with redness, resisting heat, pain, etc. but being suppurate, and turned to Pus, the Tumours is so●t, yielding, and growing to a point, the pain is p●●cking, with some itching and pulsation. And all the while, before it come to an abscess, the Tumour is read, outstretched, r& esisting the finger, the heat & pain also is vehement. But when it cometh to the abscess, the Tumour decreaseth, yieldeth out to a sharp point, & is soft, & easily pressed: the pain is pulslike beating, mixed with pricking & some itching. Finally the skin in the superfice or point of the Tumour goeth away, and there is made the issue. Sometime it proceedeth from outward causes, as by contusion, wound, ulcer, ruption, convulsion, fracture, luxation: which things are discovered partly by sight, partly by relation of the patiented. The end or termination of this tumour, 
Unequally mixed.  
The termination.  is ij. fold, viz. resolution, and suppuration. It is possible to be resolved, when the matter is thin and little in quantity, the skin thin etc. and it is a plain token that it doth resolve, if there grow a certain lightness in the member, the pulsation wasting away. But if the humour be thick, and much in quantity, if it lie deep, the skin be thick, and so forth, then is the end of it to come to suppuration, & how it groweth to that, you have heard by the notes before declared. There be i●ij. times observed in this tumour, beginning, augmentation, state, & declination. In the beginning the part beginneth to swell, 
Several signs of the 4 times.  humours flow thither, & the pain is yet but little. In the augmentation, the Tumour is high heaped, the affected place filled & the accidents increased. In the state the tumour and accidents are at height. In the declination the greatness of the tumour is diminished, the accidents weak, & the matter gins to change into another substance. There happeneth to this tumour (either for lack of cu●e, or by error in the cure, or such other con●●deration) evil dispositions, worthy careful foresight: to wit, corruption: which is signified by black or leadie colour, stinking savour etc. regression or lurking of the matter, which you shall know by the so●den diminishing of the tumour, & a speedy following of a fever, with other evil accidents. Also induration or hardening: in which the swelling suageth, but the hardness still remaineth etc.  
If this tumour Phlegmon, be not resolved & evaporated, it must needs come to pass, that the matter do either suppurate, or corrupt & putrify, or else grow into a schirrous hardness. Note also that sometime the cure is inverted, by reason of some cruel accidents, which importunately urging, cause all the means to be bend against th●m, and so for a time, interrupt the other p●oceedings.  
The antecedent ●●use, (which is blood flowing to th● part) must first be met withal, 
Cur●.  le●t it come to the conjunctive: and this must b●, by evacuation, either from thence, whence it floweth (the whol● 〈◊〉, or a part thereo●, as is the liure, which thing, blood letting in the inside of the right arm, will 〈…〉, if the strength and age of the patiented be agreeable) or else from the part whether it doth flow, as by blood letting, either rewlsive, as in a vain directly answering to the contrary: or else deriving, that is, drawing to the near parts: cupping glasses fixed to the part opposite, as likewise ligatures, and frications. The quantity of blood must be rated proportionably● after the measure of strength: and may be repeated twice or thri●e if need be. And the very beginning, or increase, is the fittest time for this remedy. Medicines that avoid the part affected of the matter flowing● must be cooling and beating back: viz, acatia, vinegar, balanstium, bolus armenus, caphura, capreoli vitium, folia vitium, folia Cupres●●, malecorium, mirthus, omphacium, plantago, quer●us, ●ubus, rosae, rhus, solanum, succus hiosciami, terra sigi●lata, vinum austers, etc. or these compounds: as first, a fomentation of oxi●ra●um, or Pos●a, or Rec. ovi candidi, olei rosarum, aquae rosarum, ana.q.s. mix them together, & therein wet your clotheses to apply to the inflamed part. Rec. suc. semper vi●i, li. j● vini austeri li. ss. far. h●rdei, ℥. ●●●. malecorij, sumach. ana. ℥ ss. boil them and make thereof a Cataplasm: or Rec. santali, a●bi, rub●i, ana. ʒ.iij. glaucij ʒ. ij. terrae chim●liae, b●●● arm●ni, ana.ʒ.j. ss. beat and searse them, and with the juice of Houseleek, Letti●e● or Pu●slayne, make a cataplasm. To this end also you may v●e Ceratume Psillio, Ceratum e Co●iand●o, Ce●atum rosaceum etc. These and all other repellent medicines you must use in the beginning, and in applying they must be renewed often. But take with you this observation general: that you apply not medicines that cool & beat back. 
For the formal cause.  
Note.  If the tumour be in the glandulous parts, or the matter be venomous, or thick, & unapt to flit backwards. Also, if it be exceedingly impacted, or if it be a critical tumour, or stirred of a primitive cause, or else near situate to a principal member. Thus much of the antecedent by itself: now let us consider of the blood impact in the affected part: which is called the cause conjoined. 
Ca●se conio●ned.  If the blood already flowed be thisbe, and apt to be evacuate: out with it, by scarification, or discutient medicines: of which sort are these simples: Anethun, bu●yrum, faenum Graecum, fermenium, ol. Camomelinun, ol. ricininum, ol. leucoij, malua agrestis etc. Likewise these compounds: passulae, the stones plucked out, mixed cum pane, & modico melle, or hordei farina cum melle ● or lana succida, wet in warm wine, wrung out & applied, else a sponge used in the same man●er. So ●hat these digerent & discutient medicines, are to be ministered only in the declination, and to lie long to the place, without removing. But if the matter be thick, 
If the matter be unfit for resolution.  and unfit for resolution: then must you bend your skill, to change it into Pus, with medicines, that do meetly warm and moisten: such as are these simples, uz. aqua temperatè calida, bu●●rum, farina triticea, panis triticeus modicè salitus. adeps suillus, adeps vitulinus, adeps taurinus, adeps anserinus, etc. resina, ocsipus, pix, caricae, ficus, cr●cus, thus, etc. or these compounds: viz. farina triticea, or hordeacea boiled in aqua & oleo or radix altheae mixed cum decoctione caricarum dulcium, & farina triticea, or this: Rec. decoctionis altheae, & caricarum pinguium li. j farinae triticeae. li. ss. boil them together, and make a cataplasm, or thus: Rec. cortic. rad. altheae, rad. lilii sen●cionis, maluae, ana. m.j. farinae triticeae, ℥ three axungiae, suillae recent. li. ss. boil the herbs in water, and stamp them with the rest, and make a cataplasm. These remedies for the moving of matter, must be applied towards the declination of the disease: and renewed twice a day.  
Thus much of the antecedent & conjoined causes, alone, and severally by themselves considered. But if it fall out, that both of them be in force, & reign together, than the disease is to be considered of, as a complicate matter, and that according to the equal or unequal mixture of them. For when they are unequally matched, as when the antecedent cause, overwayeth the other, then aunswerably your medicines must be of mixed force: to wit, more repellent & less discutient. For that that floweth in vehemently, m●st be repelled also vehemently: & that which hath meanly flowed, and sticketh now in the place, must meanly be resolved, therefore are some discutient things here noted to be mixed with repellents. Oleum Rosaceum hath that faculty: or ●his plaster, Rec. fol. maluae m.j. absinthij. rosarum● ana, ℥. ss. farinae hordei, ℥. i ol. Camomile. ℥ j ss. boil them and stamp them to the form of a saved plaster. Or this Epithema: Rec. sapae ℥ iij. aquae ros. aceti, ana. ℥. i ss. croci. ʒ.ij. let them heat a little at a soft fire, afterward strain them & make your Epithemae. Apply it with wet clotheses, or wool. These medicines, consisting of repellents, somewhat mixed with discutients, are to be used in the increase and augmentation of the disease: and to be shifted seldomer, then pure repellents a●e. Otherwise, if the antecedent & conjunctive causes, fall out to be of equal force in mingling: in such a case, with equal mixture of remedies, 
Equally mixed●  it is to be resisted: to wit, equally repelling and discussing, of which faculty, you have these simples, A●thaea, Mal●a, Camomilla, sem. lini etc. and these compounds, unguentum Basilicum● Emplastrum diachilon etc. or a medicine made with bread and oil of roses, or of melilote and bread boiled in passo, else made, ex dactylis in passo coctis, and mingled cum pane, & oleo Rosaleo: or thus: Rec. parietariae, Maluae. ana. m.j. furfuris, farinae volatilis ana. P.j. faenugreci, anethi, ana. ℥. ss. ol. Camomelini. ℥. i ss. seethe them in oil, and make a plaster. Another, Rec. medullae panis, li. j steep it in ho●e water, after strain it therehence, and put to it mellis ℥ three and make a plaster. These medicines that are mingled to repress, and discuss equally, must be ministered in the state of the Disease, and need very seldom shifting. Hitherto we have handled the antecedent and conjoined causes. Now we follow on, to the formal, which is three fold: to wit, hot intemperature: greatness: and breach of unity: hot intemperature, 
Hot intemperature.  (which is also ready to raise up fevers) must be bridled, partly by diet, partly by medicines. Let the diet therefore be cooling, and moisting: as clear and cool air: rest of the mind and body, moderate sleep, but not on the day, the belly apt to stool, naturally, or artificially: meats of little nourishment, as Lettuce, spinach, borage, prepared Barley, etc. Vinum oligophoron. 
Waterish wine.  These are convenient. The contrary hurt, as exercise of the part affected, anger, contention, loud crying, carnal act, fat, sweet, sharp meats, or of much juice, etc. and likewise strong wine. Generally a thin and scant diet is the meetest. The medicines against hot distemperature, must be cooling, such as are syrupus rosarum, sy●upus endiviae, syrup. granatorum, syrup. acetosu● simplex, oxysacchara, etc. The greatness, or Tumour, 
If the matter turn back.  
For the greatness or swelling.  which we call a part of the formal cause, if it be without abscess, may come to be removed, by the resolution of the conjoined matter, as is now before declared. But if it contain an abscess, or breach, and but within, the outside yet being whole, help it out with v instruments, as with a Lancet or cautery, the latter being yet of 
a Moore safe saith Calmetius, & so generally, both antiquity, reason, & experience do confirm. The place fittest to open.  less safety than the former. the quantity of the orifice being according to the abundance of the matter collected, and to the place affected. The place, for opening, is fittest, which being most outpointed, is soft and easily pressed in with the finger: which also is situate most commodiously for the purging out of the matter, being alway wary to shun the veins, nerves and arries: and above others, the morning tide is preferred for this business. If it must be done with eating medicines (which neither is so safe as the iron) then have you simples for that purpose, lighter or stronger, the easier sort are these, Adeps ranarum viridium, Calx v●●●, Cantharides, Cau●●●m radices, burnt and pound with old axungia, faex vini dried, faex ace●i, lac ficulneum, muscerda, ostreorum testae crematae, powder made, e ca pi●ibus muscarum, & lacertarum: radix cannae, sapo, semen urticae stamped with wine, st●●cus caninum album, succus Tithymallorum, theriaca, etc. The stronger ones, are arsenicum, and Mercurius, you have also compoundes serving to the same end, as a plaster made ex radice narcissi, stamped in Mulso, and boiled cum oleo irino, or ex radice tenera arundinis, stamped and mixed cum melle, or made ex aristologia & melle, or, ex pice arida, with equal part of propolis cre●icae: either ●x ●●mine lini, fermento, & stercore columbino, cum sapone molli, or, ex calce & sapone. Else, Rec. faecis vini crematae, ℥ ss. fimi columbini, propoleos, salis tosti, aeruginis ana. ʒ.iij. aquae marinae ℥ j olei ●●tiqui, ℥ two mix them. Another. Rec. Colophoniae, butyrirecentis, ana. li● j picis aridae, mellis, ana. li.ij. ℥ uj aeruginis, ℥ three visci, q.s. misce.  
Now when it is opened, it must first be mundified, then filled with flesh, and lastly shut up with Cicatrice, as shallbe said. The third part of the formal cause, which is the breach of unity, 
For breach of unity.  when the veins are strowted out by the effusion of humour, and the spaces of the flesh disjoined, this (I say) is to be removed, by taking away of the humour effused &c. as hath been said.  
Thus far concerning the cure of Phlegmon, 
Of accidents incident to this tumour.  by his causes particularly provided for, and may seem for the whole mat●er, sufficient: but because there are certain accidents thereunto incident, and which sometime hinder the cure of the whole, it is not in vain, if before we conclude hereof, we do consider, how also to remove them away when need requireth. The accidents are these, pain, regression of the matter, putrefying o● the part, and hardness. 
For assuaging pain.  Pain is therefore to be mitigated by aswaging medicine●, called Anodyna, such as are these simple ones: ol. anethinum, ol. Chamomaelinum, ol. e semine lini. ol. amigdal. dulc. jasiminum, ol. sambucinum. ol. ovorum, ol. rosarum &c. butyrum, Oesipus, lana, succida. Adeps suillus, vitulinus, asininus, felinus', vulpinus, melinus, sciuri, anatinus, anserinus, gallinaceus, ex anguillis, etc. Likewise mucillago altheae sem. linin faenigreci, maluae, etc. lac muliebre, lac vaccinum, etc. compounds to that purpose there are both milder and stronger. The first sort are either made ex passo, oleo rosac. & pauca cera, applied cum lana succida, or, ex rosaceo, ovorum luteis, mica panis albi, in aqua calente macerata, postea expressa & rosaceo permista. Else, ex malua in aqua cocta, mixta cum ●ursure, & rosaceo, vel ol. viol. & pauco croco. One more vehement than these have you also (if need be) to resort unto: being stupefactive, and consisting, ex folijs hyosciami, sub cineribus coctis, & recenti axungia mixtis. Thus much for the pain. Now if there be regression of the matter to the inner parts, or to some principal parts, it must be revoked, by cupping glasses, or attractive medicines, such as these: Aristolochia longa, adeps ursinus, pardalinus, leoninus, ammoniacum, calx viva, coagulum vetus, cantharides, dracon●ium, euphorbium, fermentum, faex vini usta, Galb●num, lepidium, nasturtium, opoponax, propolis, pyrethrum, ranunculus, radix arundinis, sagapenum, struthion, synapi, thapsia, tithymallus, viscum, etc. Or compoundes contrived of these, as need requireth. If the part putrify, use many and deep scarifications, 
d In saying for the most part, he sp●●●keth with Taga●tiu● and our experience, truly: but yet not according to the mind of the old writers fully: for they make th● cause commonly otherwise.  
If the par● do putrify.  & after wash the place cum aqua salsa, and thenceforth apply thereon a plaster, ex fabarum, aut orobi farina, cocta in oximelli●e. The incision in lancing must be after the similitude of an Olive or Mirt leaf: after which manner of incision it will easilier heal. Lastly, the hardness, 
Hardness of the part.  that sometime remaineth, must be mollified with convenient means, of which again, here be both simple and compound medicines for choice.  
The simple medicines are butyrum, caricae. bdellium, althaea, crocus, cera, adeps, medullae, ammoniacum, galbanum, Oesypus, lana succida, malua agrestis, semen lini, faenumgraecum, radix Liliorum, oleum Amigdal. dulc. irinum, lentiscinum, Chamomelinum, etc. compounds are these: Radices cucumeris agrestis, cum caricis. rad. brioniae, vel asari in aqua coctae: or, farina, cum aqua & adipe anserino, vel gallinaceo, vel suillo: or else radices aliheae decoctae cum pane, & adipe contritae, and so applied.   

CHAP. III. Of the Carbuncle.  
CArbunculus, or (according to the Greeks) 
i Here I take the meaning of the ancient writers, to be of the simple carbuncle: otherwise, with julius Palma●ius, and Simonius, I refuse to subscribe unto them: for that this is not to follow the motion of nature, from the centre to the circumference, but contrariwise to draw back to the centre that nature had profitably discharged to the circumference.  
a IT differeth not from Carbunculus, as Vigo & others supposed: neither doth ignis perficus & pruna, but An●hrax being the greek word, is ever of ●earned interpreters translated Carbun●ulus, & the other two be used as synonynies, all noting but one thing, as appea●et in Gal. Paul AEtius, Oribasius, and ●s truly noted of Fernelius, Tagautius, ●nd others.  Anthrax, 
Definition.  is a little venomous pustule, burning the place, and first raising a blister, bringeth afterward a crust.  

m Or this rather of Fallopius: Ree. malum punicum dulce j & alterius acidum, sed matur●̄, coquantur in aqua hordei cum folijs scabiosae & sem. lenticulae, pauxillo plantag. & aceti: cocta terantur optime, ijs admisceatur pulpae pomorum odoratorum, & cydoneorum maturorun, coctorum in decocto praedicto, q. ●. ad emplast. but if the carbuncle be pestilent, I council no repellent medicine, till the mat●er be (for the most part) gathered, & then th●y are to be set as a hedge between the carbuncle and the heart, as also if the carbuncle be out of the emunctories, it is (as I may speak) to be paled about with ●h●m.  
Causes & signs.  The antecedent cause is 
b These causes touch but the Carbuncle not pestilent, particularly: for the other cometh of a venomous constitution of th● air, which once taken in● is afterward expelled by nature to some outward par●● together with the humours, and spirit●●● that were by it defiled. Fernel. li 4. ca 18● Simonius li. de pest 1.  black, thick, hot and feculent blood, flowing into the place, which is conjectured by the state of the body, abounding with blood. The conjoined cause, is blood gathered in the part affected, and that easily discerned by the signs of the Carbuncle 
c Our account of the Carbuncle is 〈◊〉 the same● with the ancient Writers, f●● with us it is ever pestilent: theirs not s● but some of them call a certain inflammation of the eyes, a Carbuncle, as doth AEtius, li. 7. c. 30, & cor. cells. li. 6. & cap. ● some in the secre●● parts, as Paul. lib. ●● ca 25. who although he accounted, this ma●● also be engendered of some pestilent occasion, yet doth he and Galen, Meth. med. lib. 14 ● reckon it to come ordinarily of ● cause, simply humoral. But use hath 〈◊〉 prevailed with us as to understand no weatherwise of a Carbuncle, than a pestile●●●umor, and symptom, it shall be g●● therefore, somewhat to change our custom, and with Vigo lib. 2. c. 20. di●●●●he carbuncle into pestilent and not p●●●●●lent, which distinction is no● well omitt●●● others.  which are these: 
Signs common to both  Many small pustules, like burnt blisters on the outmost skin, which being broken, a crusty ulcer ensueth. Sometime only one pustule with the like crusty ulcer. Otherwhiles without any pustule, only the ulcer is in all sorts crusty. There is itching also, the crust is black, or of ashy colour: the flesh about inflamed: 
Signs of the pestilent Carbuncle.  redness, great and grievous pain, with a Fever. Further (if any venomous matter be lurking) then there is loathing, often vomiting, loss of appetite, trembling and beating of the heart with swooning.  
Carbuncles commonly come of causes generally reigning, 
Prog.  and for the most part are attendants on the plague. If the Carbuncle come in the 
e At whose hands Wecker receiving this was deceived I will not guess, only let the Reader know that wherea● Guido and Taga●tius pretend this to be Auicens' prognostic of the carbuncle, they are deceived: it being in deed pronounced of Bubo, and not of the carbuncle, as appeareth lib. 4. fen. 3. Tr. 1. cap. 9 &. ca 17.  cleansing places, called emunctories, or near the principal members, it is deadly: for it is to be feared, jest the venomous matter have recourse to s●me principal part. If it break out about the stomach, or jaws, it suddenly choketh for the most part. That is less dangerous which appeareth first read, and after yellowish, but that, which is of black, or blow colour, killeth. If the accidents which accompany this disease do much decay, and vanish, some hope of health is promised, contrariwise, if they more and more, get strength, and wax vehementer, then is there no hope at all remaining.  

Cure.  Your curation must be considered first, according to the antecedent cause, which being declared to be 
f Consider that is noted a●●re in the letter b.  thick, hot blood inflowing, must both be altered for his quality, & evacuate for his quantity. His quality is alterable by 
g In respect of the Fever cooling things: but in respect of contagion, such as assist the heart, and break the for●e of venomous impression, must also b● used.  cooling diet, and medicines, let his meat therefore be Ptisan, lettuce, purslane, the broth of chickens, with lettuce, pomegranates and Lemons. Let his drink be Barley water, or wine much delayed. Medicines cooling and concocting are, syrupu● acetosus simplex, syr. de endivia, syr. granatorum, syr. acetositatis citro 
h To assist the heart and expel the venom, look the letter q.  etc. The quantity than is to be diminished, partly by blood letting (if nothing hinder) not with drawing to the contrary part, (for, because of the thickness and malice of the humour, it cannot be turned away) but near the part on the same side. Likewise cupping glasses may be used, or such like means. But the quantity of blood taken, would be great: yea, even to fainting, or swooning, if there were not too much weakness before. Medicines to diminish the quantity, may be Manna, cassia, diaprunum, etc. Or losing 
k Which I deem to be the safest in the pestilence.  clysters. Outward medicines, appliable to the place, must be of discutient faculty, or meetly repressing: if so be the fluxion be vehement 
s The eschar being removed, mundify the Ulcer with some unguents ex tereb. ●ucco apij, vitellis ovorum, & fa●ina hordei, etc. and so grow on to incarn and cicatrize as in other things.  
l If the Fluxion be vehement: & these are to be laid to the parts near about the tumour, as is noted after.  as is this: Rec. arnoglossi, lentium, medullae panis an. li. j coquatur in aceto, vel posca, or a plaster ex duobus malis granatis, in aceto coctis. The matter impact, which is the cause conjoined, is to be taken away, partly by Chirurgery, partly by medicines. By Chirurgery, as scarification of the Tumour, (if nothing withstand) and that sufficient deeply, and after that washing the places scarified with warm salt Water, so that by no means any blood lie cluttered in them, but be clean purged forth. 
Horseleeches.  Sanguisuge● also serve to this purpose: or sucking that is done with the mouth. Medicines you have ex ficubus, fermento, & sale, Or, ex vitellis ovorum, & sale, Or, ex Melle, Farina Triticea, & ovorum luteis, or; ex consolida maiore, trita inter duos lapides. And these medicines serve only to altar the quality of the h●mor, to wit, by ripening, especially when the matter cannot be dispersed ●or the thickness of it, and the disease is not so fell, but giveth time: for otherwise we cannot intent any ripening. But discutient medicines, (which is, when the humour floweth not very vehemently into the part, for then meetly repressing things as is aforesaid are required●) you have both easy and vehement. Of the easier sort are, medulla nucis anellenae, Emplastrum de arnoglossa, or such other, so Scabious eaten, or drunk out of wine, discusseth and dissolveth insensibly● more vehement, and even attractive 
n As this: cepa excavatur, in cavitatem theriaca citri mali succo subactainditur, cum modico aceti: tum calent. cinerib. obuoluta coqu. deinde teritur, apply● it plaster wise: or a plaster ex narcisso cocto ●imo gallin sale, melle anacardino, & theriacae tantillo.  means also, ●re meet for the matter, if the affect be in the limbs, and ignoble parts of the body, and withal the fluxion move but 
o As boxing, application of hot bread, fomentations, the warm lungs of new killed beasts, often shifted● the tail or burn of a cock made bore, and some salt put in, applied to the place, or pigeons cloven quick, & applied warm to the place successively.  slowly. Here note, that a fit time for the gentle discutient medicines, is the beginning, but in the state, & declination, the stronger sort are to be applied. And again, observe, th●t you lay your discutients to the place affected, but then defensives also, to repress the matter, in the parts lying round about: as ung ex bol. armeno, ung, rosaceum or made ex oleo mirthaceo & aceto 
p Calm. hath this: Rec. bol. arm. ℥: iiij. terrae sigil. ℥ two cornu cerui usti, rasurae eboris, an. ℥ two caphurae, ʒ. iij● cerae, ℥ three olei. ros. li. j aceti, ℥, iiij. aquae rosarum, ℥ ij albumina duorum ouor●m, fiat unguentum. : so that by these, likewise the humour that is come abroad, shall have his course cut off for running in again. The heart, in the mean time, is not to be neglected, but strengthened with a little 
q Or this potion: Rec. aquae acetosae ros. scab. an. ℥ .j syr. de lemon ℥ j ss. pull. el. de bolo. ʒ.ss. diamar. frid. ℈ .j fiat potio. also this Epitheme, Rec. aq. scab. acetosae, ros. nymph. an. ℥ iiij, troc. de caphura, ʒ. j. coralli rub. ʒ.iij. cornu cerui usti, ℈ i croci, ℈. ss aceti tantillum, you may add (if the sick be rich) diamar. fridg. ʒj.ss. & some aromatical wine, apply it to the region of the heart. Cal.  treacle, given in Scabious, or bugloss water, six hours after meat: now if it come to pass, that they ulcer retain a crusty escar aloft, resolve it with bu●i●um resens, a●ungia porcina, etc. or this compound plaster: Rec. farinae triticae, far● hord●acae an. ℥ three cum decocto maluarum, violarum, & rad● al●hae fiat, Empl. s●lidum, addendo, butiri rec. axungiae porcinae, ana, ℥ two vit●llorum ovorum, no.ij. this resolveth the crustinesse mitegat●th the pain, and scattreth out the malign iu●ce. But if it be corrupt and putrefied, it h●th need of incision, cautery or hot iron: and these must be executed so thoroughly, till it come well to the quick, and pain grow into every place, and the corrupted parts, at last, taken hold of, with convenient instruments, & pulled up by the roots, this case also hath need of very drying medicines, whereof you may here choose some of the gentler, othersome of stronger force. The easier are, Pastilla Andronis, Past. Musae. Past. passionis, Past. polyidae: These must be dissolved in sweet wine, or cute, or make a cataplasm ex farina orobi, & oximellite, or ung, Egyptia●. 
r Or this stone, Rec. Vas fictile exiguis admodum foraminibus in fundo pertundito, calcen vivam, vitriolum, shall nitr. & alumen in pulverem redacta, in vas conijcito, lixivium acerrimum (quale est ex tartaro) atque feruentissimum, paulatim instillato, idque ter, aut quater ita percolato: postea liquorem sic percolatur coquito, donec in gypsei lapidis formam incrassetur, or Rec. Lixivium ex quo fit sapo, in fictili ad mellis crassitatem coquito, dein add aliquid sublimati, rursumque donec in lapidis formam concresca●, coquito: keep this in ● Vial close stopped, Calmetius.  etc. Thus much for the effect itself, considered according to his several causes, now remaineth the accidents incident here unto, 
Accidents.  to be provided for. These symptoms principally are a Fever, trembling 
t This is more properly a symptom of the pestilence, as is also the carbuncle it elf, of that kind.  of the heart, and pain, the Fever is to be looked to after the order of a pestilent fever, 
Fever. Trembling of the heart.  trembling of the heart with comfortable and strengthening medicines, as odoriferous wine, or such a confection: Rec. Coaguli haedini, agnini, vitulini, ana, ℥. ij.ss. testiculorum gallorum, coct. in aqua buglosae, etaceto pauco, trium. santatorum ℥. i ss. zacchari rosati, ʒ. iij. omni. contusis, ad ignem secundum artem cum syr. rosaceo, & acetositate Citri, fiat Confectio: Of this Confection let the patiented take, in a morning one spoonful in odoriferous wine, adding to it Pulpae caponis, ℥ iij. & fragmentor 'em ●retiosorum lap●●um. omnium, ℥. j● ss, for the trembling, likewise it is good to use frications, and ligatures, in the extreme parts, or cupping glasses, fixed upon the hips and haunches. The pain ●s to be mitigated, 
pain.  as with this plaster: Rec. 
v As all fatty things are soon set on fire, so if you suspect this medicine, make a bagg● (as Palmariu● counseleth) ex altheae & liliorum radicibus, lini semine, pinguibus ficubus, & ex malua, violaria, semperuivo, & Plantagine, with which bag boiled in water foment the place, daily three or four times, after it, applying this cataplasm, Rec. maluae, violari●, oxalidis, semperuivi, singm. ij. fol. hyosciami. p.j. roll them round together: and roast them under the ambres, then stamp them cum. v. ovorum vi●ellis, mel. ros. ℥ four croci ʒ. ss. theriaces. ʒ.j.ss. adding also farinae hordei, q.s. apply this often, not suffering i●●o dry to the place.  maluae, violarum, an. m.ij. coquantur in aqua, usque ad perfectam co●tionem, deinde contundantur, addendo far. ●ordeaceae, ℥ three butiri recent. ol. recent: ana, ℥ two vitellorum ovorum, no. ij. fiat Emp●. else an Epithema made ex decocti●ne maluarum, violarum, & radic, altheae.  

ANNOTATIONS.  
ᵃ IT differeth not from Carbunculus, as Vigo & others supposed: neither doth ignis perficus & pruna, but An●hrax being the greek word, is ever of ●earned interpreters translated Carbun●ulus, & the other two be used as synonynies, all noting but one thing, as appea●et in Gal. Paul AEtius, Oribasius, and ●s truly noted of Fernelius, Tagautius, ●nd others.  
ᵇ These causes touch but the Carbuncle not pestilent, particularly: for the other cometh of a venomous constitution of th● air, which once taken in● is afterward expelled by nature to some outward par●● together with the humours, and spirit●●● that were by it defiled. Fernel. li 4. ca 18● Simonius li. de pest 1.  
ᶜ Our account of the Carbuncle is 〈◊〉 the same● with the ancient Writers, f●● with us it is ever pestilent: theirs not s● but some of them call a certain inflammation of the eyes, a Carbuncle, as doth AEtius, li. 7. c. 30, & cor. cells. li. 6. & cap. ● some in the secre●● parts, as Paul. lib. ●● ca 25. who although he accounted, this ma●● also be engendered of some pestilent occasion, yet doth he and Galen, Meth. med. lib. 14 ● reckon it to come ordinarily of ● cause, simply humoral. But use hath 〈◊〉 prevailed with us as to understand no weatherwise of a Carbuncle, than a pestile●●●umor, and symptom, it shall be g●● therefore, somewhat to change our custom, and with Vigo lib. 2. c. 20. di●●●●he carbuncle into pestilent and not p●●●●●lent, which distinction is no● well omitt●●● others.  
ᵈ In saying for the most part, he sp●●●keth with Taga●tiu● and our experience, truly: but yet not according to the mind of the old writers fully: for they make th● cause commonly otherwise.  
ᵉ At whose hands Wecker receiving this was deceived I will not guess, only let the Reader know that wherea● Guido and Taga●tius pretend this to be Auicens' prognostic of the carbuncle, they are deceived: it being in deed pronounced of Bubo, and not of the carbuncle, as appeareth lib. 4. fen. 3. Tr. 1. cap. 9 &. ca 17.  
ᶠ Consider that is noted a●●re in the letter b.  
ᵍ In respect of the Fever cooling things: but in respect of contagion, such as assist the heart, and break the for●e of venomous impression, must also b● used.  
ʰ To assist the heart and expel the venom, look the letter q.  
ⁱ Here I take the meaning of the ancient writers, to be of the simple carbuncle: otherwise, with julius Palma●ius, and Simonius, I refuse to subscribe unto them: for that this is not to follow the motion of nature, from the centre to the circumference, but contrariwise to draw back to the centre that nature had profitably discharged to the circumference.  
ᵏ Which I deem to be the safest in the pestilence. ˡ If the Fluxion be vehement: & these are to be laid to the parts near about the tumour, as is noted after.  
ᵐ Or this rather of Fallopius: Ree. malum punicum dulce j & alterius acidum, sed matur●̄, coquantur in aqua hordei cum folijs scabiosae & sem. lenticulae, pauxillo plantag. & aceti: cocta terantur optime, ijs admisceatur pulpae pomorum odoratorum, & cydoneorum maturorun, coctorum in decocto praedicto, q. ●. ad emplast. but if the carbuncle be pestilent, I council no repellent medicine, till the mat●er be (for the most part) gathered, & then th●y are to be set as a hedge between the carbuncle and the heart, as also if the carbuncle be out of the emunctories, it is (as I may speak) to be paled about with ●h●m.  
ⁿ As this: cepa excavatur, in cavitatem theriaca citri mali succo subactainditur, cum modico aceti: tum calent. cinerib. obuoluta coqu. deinde teritur, apply● it plaster wise: or a plaster ex narcisso cocto ●imo gallin sale, melle anacardino, & theriacae tantillo.  
ᵒ As boxing, application of hot bread, fomentations, the warm lungs of new killed beasts, often shifted● the tail or burn of a cock made bore, and some salt put in, applied to the place, or pigeons cloven quick, & applied warm to the place successively.  
ᵖ Calm. hath this: Rec. bol. arm. ℥: iiij. terrae sigil. ℥ two cornu cerui usti, rasurae eboris, an. ℥ two caphurae, ʒ. iij● cerae, ℥ three olei. ros. li. j aceti, ℥, iiij. aquae rosarum, ℥ ij albumina duorum ouor●m, fiat unguentum.  
q Or this potion: Rec. aquae acetosae ros. scab. an. ℥ .j syr. de lemon ℥ j ss. pull. el. de bolo. ʒ.ss. diamar. frid. ℈ .j fiat potio. also this Epitheme, Rec. aq. scab. acetosae, ros. nymph. an. ℥ iiij, troc. de caphura, ʒ. j. coralli rub. ʒ.iij. cornu cerui usti, ℈ i croci, ℈. ss aceti tantillum, you may add (if the sick be rich) diamar. fridg. ʒj.ss. & some aromatical wine, apply it to the region of the heart. Cal.  
ʳ Or this stone, Rec. Vas fictile exiguis admodum foraminibus in fundo pertundito, calcen vivam, vitriolum, shall nitr. & alumen in pulverem redacta, in vas conijcito, lixivium acerrimum (quale est ex tartaro) atque feruentissimum, paulatim instillato, idque ter, aut quater ita percolato: postea liquorem sic percolatur coquito, donec in gypsei lapidis formam incrassetur, or Rec. Lixivium ex quo fit sapo, in fictili ad mellis crassitatem coquito, dein add aliquid sublimati, rursumque donec in lapidis formam concresca●, coquito: keep this in ● Vial close stopped, Calmetius.  
ˢ The eschar being removed, mundify the Ulcer with some unguents ex tereb. ●ucco apij, vitellis ovorum, & fa●ina hordei, etc. and so grow on to incarn and cicatrize as in other things.  
t This is more properly a symptom of the pestilence, as is also the carbuncle it elf, of that kind.  
ᵛ As all fatty things are soon set on fire, so if you suspect this medicine, make a bagg● (as Palmariu● counseleth) ex altheae & liliorum radicibus, lini semine, pinguibus ficubus, & ex malua, violaria, semperuivo, & Plantagine, with which bag boiled in water foment the place, daily three or four times, after it, applying this cataplasm, Rec. maluae, violari●, oxalidis, semperuivi, singm. ij. fol. hyosciami. p.j. roll them round together: and roast them under the ambres, then stamp them cum. v. ovorum vi●ellis, mel. ros. ℥ four croci ʒ. ss. theriaces. ʒ.j.ss. adding also farinae hordei, q.s. apply this often, not suffering i●●o dry to the place.   

A RESOLUTION OF THIS chapped. concerning the cure.  
CArbuncles being either simple or malign: or (as is noted before) pestilent, or not pestilent: have thus jointly the use of the aforesaid remedies pertaining to them To the simple carbuncled the blood letting and purging there spoken of, for the inner means: for the outward, & first as it is growing, the repressing and discutient medicines de arnoglossa, & de malis granatis, when it is grown, or the matter gathered, than the scarifiengs and simple discutients laid to the place: as also those medicines that make and remove the cru●tines that followeth Not neglecting in the mean time the defensives, if need be: to wit if the fluxion be violent. The malign carbuncle whilst it is growing. must have the furtherance of means, both inward & outward: as the medicines strengthening the heart (which in this case would no time of the cure be neglected) and boxing● or other artificial applications set down to that purpose. When the matter is gathered, applying (as is there said) the defensives, lay to the place the stronger discutientes, ex coepa, theri●●a. etc. then also cometh in use the caustike stone, or (which is chief) the hot iron, or gold button: after the crust is resolved proceed to mundifying and healing. As for the symptom of pain last mentioned, though I have added some chosen medicines thereunto, yet advise I the Artist, to be but spare● and very considerate in the use of them, even as driven to them by extreme necessity.  
Thus much for thy better address (friendly Reader) to take away confusion in this chapter which happened, through the lack of a necessary distinction.    

CHAP. iiij. Of the Furuncle.  
THE Furuncle is a small Tumour and out pointed, 
Canons.  
Def.  joined or accompanied with pain and inflammation, especially when it is grown to matter. 
Ca●s●● 〈◊〉 ●ig●●s.  The antecedent cause is thick blood, thither flowing, & is to be judged accordingly, by the notes of abundance of thick blood. the conjoined cause, is the same thick blood now gathered in the place affected● & this is known, like as the disease itself, by heat, redness, and pain vehement, & with pulsation, about the time of ripening● it breaketh also of the own accord, without instrument, the matter that issueth is thick and like putrefied sinews. in other things it is like Phlegmon.  
A Furuncle by nature is not perilous, 
Prog.  though no cure be applied thereto, yet pain maketh medicines more welcome for the ●ooner dispatch of the matter. 
Cure.  The antecedent cause is to be emptied both from whence it sloweth, whether it be from some part, or from the whole body: and so it is co●uenient to open a vain of the right cubit, if age, strength, time of the year, etc. hinder not: as also from thence whither it floweth● and so the drawing of the blood to the part, would be cut of, either by revulsion, to the part opposite, if nothing let, or derivation of the same to the near parts if it be more convenient. The impulsion, or thronging in of the blood, into the part, is to be inhibited (if neither the thickness of the matter, nor nearness of the noble parts hinder not) by repellent medicines● all which are to be ordered according as is set down in phlegmone, so the fit time for repercussives is, i● the beginning, while the matter violently floweth in, but in the state and declination, maturatives, as now in the conjoined cause, when the matter is impact in the place and must be there avoided, then (I say) must the crude quality thereof be altered by maturatives: as whea● chewed and applied, Raisins mixed with salt, dried figs boiled in Hydromel, leaven mixed with nitre, Linseed with honey, etc. or these compounded plasters, Rec. rad. liliorum alb. ℥ uj rad. Buglossae, ℥ two maluae, violarum, ana. m.j. coquantur, deinde pistentur addendo, farinae t●iticae. ℥ ●iij. butyri recent. ℥. ij.olei dulcis, ℥ four axungiae porc ℥. ij.ss. vitellorum ovorum. no.ij. croci, ℈. ●. fiat Emplastrum. 
a These are required, if pain greatly urge, otherwise, AEtius Macedonicum is greatly commended: & this is it: Rec. Picis navalis, ℥ .j adipis suilli● ℥ .v. adipis taurini & aesipi, an. ℥ ij● resinae pini, ℥ .v. liquefiant simul● & addantur cerae, ℥ three  Or, Rec. decoct. predict. li.iij. farinae hordei, far. triticae, ana. ℥. i ss. olei come. butyri ana, ℥ ●ij. axungiae porc. ℥ two boil them to the consumption of the fourth part, then put to vitellorum ovorum, no. iiij, and make it an Epithema, to be applied with warm stuphes. Then when it is opened, purge the same with this mundificative: Rec. terebentinae clarae. ℥. ij.ss. me●is rosati, ℥. i succi apij, ʒ. uj. coquantur usque ad succi. con●um. Then put thereto fa●inae hordeacae, far. triticae, far. fabarum, ana. ℥. i croci. ℈. ss. vit. ovi. no. j. fia● mundificatives herewith anoint your plageats, to say on the orifice of the furuncle. After it is thus sufficiently mundified proceed to t●● consolidation with this Emplaster. Rec. diachilonis albi, sine gummi. ℥ two terebentinae clarae, ping. porc, an. ℥. ij.ss. lithargirij ●ur. & arg. a●●ʒ. v. mi●●ij●ʒ. v. cerusae. ℥. i ol. ●os. ℥. i ss. ad ignem fiat Cero●um, cum baculo s●mp. agitando, addendo cerae albae, q.s.  

ANNOTATIONS.  
ᵃ These are required, if pain greatly urge, otherwise, AEtius Macedonicum is greatly commended: & this is it: Rec. Picis navalis, ℥ .j adipis suilli● ℥ .v. adipis taurini & aesipi, an. ℥ ij● resinae pini, ℥ .v. liquefiant simul● & addantur cerae, ℥ three    

CHAP. v. Of Gangraena and Sphacelus, or Syderatio.  
GAngraena 
a This would more properly (in my opinion) be reckoned among the symptoms and not handled in a particular chapt● as a new tumour being described as a symptom a slip common to many writers.  is a mortification coming by the exceeding inflaming of any part yet not fully accomplished, but some sense still remaining in the part, & in the fleshy part only is the place of it. Sphaceius, or Syderatio, or Es●hiomenon, is a full depriving of sense, and utter mortification, so much, as the part affected, being stricken, laūced● or burnt, feeleth nothing: and this invadeth not the fleshy parts alone, bu●●he sinewy, and even the bones themselves. The inward causes hereof, 
Causes.  as fi●st the antecedent, is blood adusted or corrupted, flowing into the place, etc. the conjoined cause is the same blood, now already impact and gathered● outward causes to be much coldness, either by outward ay● or medicines ministered: unmeasurable heat & venomnes: all which extinguish natural heat. So again, ligatu●es, compressions, contusions, etc. all which deprive the pa●t of vital faculty. You shall know Gangraena by loss of sense, 
signs.  (yet not wholly) heat of the member black or swartish colour, by a fading of the flourishing colour, which was proper to the inflammation: also there is pain, burning and pulsation of the arteries, going back. but in Sphacelus, there is a whole privation of sense, black colour, the member is sauft, putrefied stinking, rotten, & being pressed with the finger, yields to the bottom, & returneth not: to be short all the signs of Gangraena, but all enhanced to a higher degree. Gangraena is difficult to cure, 
Prog.  but Sph●celus most hard, and not otherwise then by cutting when the flesh and finewes even to the bones are affected, it is not to be cured. unless Gangraena be in the beginning & speedily cured, the affected part easily dieth, & so it creepeth on to the near parts till it have slain the body, but if it have not full possession, but only be entering, it is not very difficult to cure especially in a young body.  

Cure.  Whilst the blood is flowing into the part, seek to temper the quality thereof, first setting down a cooling order of diet: as bread crumbs steiped in water, 
Diet.  barley cream, almond caudel, or oaten cawdell, broth of chicken with lettuce, purslane, spinach, almond milk, barley water, & c● them give preparing medicines such as sy●upus acetosus simplex, 
Medicines.  syr. endi● granatorum, de lupulis, defumaria, give of these I say, in appropriate waters. Provide also for the quantity of the matter, to diminish the same, from the place whence it flow●th by blood letting (if age, strength, time of the year etc. suffer) and medicines purging and cleansing the blood, as Diaca●hol● cassia fistula, T●marindi, lupuli, ●umaria, etc. also from the place whether it hath recourse, as by repressing medicines laid to the parts round about: as a defensive made ex argilla cum ace●o Or this: Rec. ol. ros. ol. mi●th. ana. ℥. iij.ss. s●●c. pla●●ag. su● sklayre, ana, ℥ ij. ●●quan●●●●sque ad consumptionem succorum, colaturae, add● cerae albae, ℥. j s●. farinae fabarum, far. lentium. far. hordei ana, ℥. ss. santal. omi. ana, ʒ. ij.ss. boli armeni, ℥ j pull. mirthi ʒ. j. mix them, and make a defensive, to be applied to the parts lying round about. defend and strengthen also the heart with Mithridate and treacle 
b Or this opiate: Rec. Conserua radi. buglossae, rosarum, an. ℥ .j conseruae florum cichorij. ʒ.uj. pull. diamarg. frigi. ℈ four pul. bezoardici. ʒ.j. pull. elect. de bolo, ℈ ●ij. pull, el. de gemmis, ℈ i syr. de acetoes. citri. q.ss. fiat opiata. Take as much as a bean drinking after it ij. spoonfuls of bugloss, & scabious water. , etc. This done bend your force against the cause conjoined, that the corrupt blood impacte may neither by stopping cut of the course of vital faculty, nor by his excessive heat suffocate the natural warmth, to which purpose serveth blood letting (if nothing hinder) scarification of the place, and after washing with salt water: cutting the member or burning with a hot iron. Take of blood as the patient may bea●e, let the scarifi●ations be in number and depth sufficient, your burning between the sound and unsound according to the quantity of the affect, and your dividing of the member be to the quick, so that no part of the putrefied be left: do it also quickly that the rest of the body may be safe: for that that is putrefied, is after the manner of venom, by touching only, able to infect & corrupt that which is yet whole and sound. Let your blood letting be in some most apparent vein, about the part affected, 
Simple medicines.  or near to it, the time for blood letting, and scarifying is, when putrefaction beginneth: cutting and burning have place when the part is putrefied. In the mean time local medicines for the place a●e not to be neglected: which must be such, as have property to d●y and resolve, for such are able to hinder, and to take away putrefaction: and such are these simple ones: as erui fa●ina, cum melle, acetum mulsum, far. orobi, vel lolij, vel fabarum cum oximel●ite ● cortex nucum vetustarum, & ti●hima●●i liquor, lupinorum decoctum, etc. stronger than these are arsenicum, sublimatum, calx, etc. Compound once also you have here to use, and that of both sorts, the gentler sort is, Farina ●●lij, cum raphano & sale, and sometime with aceto. 
Repellēt●.  
c Calm. noteth one consisting ex aequis partibus farinae lupinorum, orobi & fabarum, cum syr. acetoso, aut oxymellite, adding also if you list, succum absynthij vel apij.  or else vua passa, cum sale & oxymelite: the stronger sort are, 
d These are to be used, if those others prevail not: 
Canons.  at which time also Calm. applieth his caustic, noted before, in the carbuncle.  pastilli polyidae, pastilli musae, past● passionis, these ground and mixed with vinegar and wine, or Vnguen●um AEgyptiacum, such as is made ex flore airy, alumine, melle, & aceto, mixed by equal portions, and boiled: and this unguent is meetest to be used when the heat is now already delayed. Another medicine, Rec. AEruginis rasae, minij, aluminis scissilis an. ℥. i These chafe in water, and apply them to the affected part, being first a little scarifyed. Note here, that you wisely make choice of your medicines, according to the nature and age of the Patient, knowing that the rustical body may endure fittest, the stronger sort; but the effeminate bodies the weaker, infants and children likewise require the easier medicines. Because of centaine chirurgical operations required in this disease, (as afore is said) there must necessarily ensue certain symptoms: as, after section of the member, flux of the blood, after burning, crusts and pain. After the crusts, or escars Ulcers, which must duly also be provided for: for the flux of blood therefore, it is convenient to s●are the part with a hot iron, for so the flux is speedily staid, & the putrefaction hindered for going further, than apply after the searing succum porri, or sal cum porro. for these dry and restrain the putrefaction, as also well prohibit the flowing in of humours. The crusts then or escars (when the putrefaction ceaseth to go any further) are to be removed either with butter or axungia suilla, or cum pane, farina triticea, or farina hordeacea boiled, cum hydrelaeo. or cum pane & apio ●rito, else cum iride, radice panacis, aristolochiae, acori & melle: else cum cephalico ex melle. Or cum tetrapharmaco or macedonico, or such other. Now when the crust is removed, whilst the ulcer is purulent, it must be cleansed and mundified, as with this, Rec. mellis li.ss. vi●ellorum ouorum● no. iij. far hordei, li. ss misce. after two or three days add to it mirrhae, ʒ. x. you may for that purpose also make your mundificative to consist ex far. orobi cum melle vel thu●e. Then when it is fair fill it with flesh, and after cicatrize it, as is said in other places. If pain do greatly urge: then take the leaves of Faba inversa, which being applied to the affected part, do marvelously remove the pain thereof.  

ANNOTATIONS.  
ᵃ This would more properly (in my opinion) be reckoned among the symptoms and not handled in a particular chapt● as a new tumour being described as a symptom a slip common to many writers.  
ᵇ Or this opiate: Rec. Conserua radi. buglossae, rosarum, an. ℥ .j conseruae florum cichorij. ʒ.uj. pull. diamarg. frigi. ℈ four pul. bezoardici. ʒ.j. pull. elect. de bolo, ℈ ●ij. pull, el. de gemmis, ℈ i syr. de acetoes. citri. q.ss. fiat opiata. Take as much as a bean drinking after it ij. spoonfuls of bugloss, & scabious water.  
ᶜ Calm. noteth one consisting ex aequis partibus farinae lupinorum, orobi & fabarum, cum syr. acetoso, aut oxymellite, adding also if you list, succum absynthij vel apij.  
ᵈ These are to be used, if those others prevail not: 
Vlceration.  
Canons.  at which time also Calm. applieth his caustic, noted before, in the carbuncle.  
ᵉ These are accidents of the manual operation, rather than of Gangraena: therefore I have rather thus translated, then following Wecker, call them the symptoms of Gangraene.  
The Gangraene coming also of other causes than inflammations, as of extreme ●olde, impressed poison, and utter extenuation, and wasting of the radycall moisture, (as Fall●pius observing, hath testified) must (therefore) require their s●uerall courses of cure: and all divers from the Gangraene before entreated of. For that which cometh of cold, requireth not the incisions before spoken of● but some warm and comforting fomentations, plasters, etc. The malignity of Venom must more specially be dealt against, according to the order delivered in the chapter of venomous wounds. As for the later sort of these, seeing it chanceth in bodies which for their extreme consumption, are utterly incurable, there is no device of man can aught prevail.  
To the Tumours of blood are also referred Parotis, Phyna, Bubo, and by some Phygethlon or Panus: though this last (by Gal.) is indifferently referred to Phlegmone, or Erysipelas.    

CHAP. vj. Of choleric Tumours. Of Erysipelas, true, or legitimate.  
ERysipelas or (according to the Latins) ignis sacer, 
Putrefaction.  
Def.  called commonly in English, wild fire, is a branch of choleric fluxion, chiefly consisting betwixt or about the skins.  
The antecedent cause is yellow choler abounding and flowing to some part which you may easilier be resolved of, 
Causes and signs.  if you note the complexion of the party to be choleric, his age high flourishing, & colerick diet, etc. the cō●oind cause being choler, now pact in the part, is known by reddish or yellow colour, great heat, small tumour, the colour vanishing in touching, and after returning. Also a Fever, stirred up by the heat, but pulsation (which is the proper sign of a Phlegmone) is in this not so great: the pain is a biting or picking, not causing tension or strowting. There is a motion of a tertian Fever, etc. the times as beginning augmentation state and declination, and the symptoms, or accidental affects: as turning back of the Matter, hardness, corruption, pain, ulceration, etc. are observed to be the like, in Erysipelas as in Phlegmone. Er●sipelas about the head, is a busy thing to cure, it catcheth the face most commonly, and beginneth most of all in that part of the nose that is called Lepus: & thence by and by spreadeth all over the face, by reason both of the lightness of the humour, and the thinness of the flesh, in that part. If Erysipelas fall in the bearing of a bone, it is evil, and in the womb of a woman with child deadly. An exquisite Erysipelas is sieldome ended by suppuration: but is delivered (for the most part) by insensible out breathings. that which becometh suppurate, corrupt and putrefied, is evil, so is it a very evil thing also, when it returneth from the outer parts to the inner again.  

Cure.  To take away the antecedent cause from within whence it floweth, first, order your patientes diet so that it may be cooling and moistening, and so let the air be such, 
Diet.  either by nature, or else artificially prepared: as his lodging low, and cellar like, in the earth: let there be where he is, often pou●inges of cold water from one vessel to another, and the pavement sprinkled continually with the like: and strew the place with roses, violets, vine leaves, willow branches, etc. keep his belly solluble, and his body in rest: avoiding exercise, watching, anger, crying, etc. Let his meat be, Lettuce, purslane, sorrel, gourd, barley meat, rice, ptisan cream, etc. His drink, Barley water, or small beer, or ale, but forbidden him wine, and hot, sharp, sweet and fat meats etc. And in all these, let him observe a temperate measure also. The diet thus ordered, come to your sensible evacuations of the matter: as inward medicines, most specially here available. For blood letting is not in use, in a legitimate Erysipelas: but when it is Erysipelas Phlegmonosun only: & then the humoral vain, or else the fairest in sight, is to be opened: specially, if the affect be in the face. To come to your evacuation, it is meet, first, to prepare and concoct the matter thus: 
Inward medicines.  Rec. syr. de succo Endiviae, syr. nympheae an. ℥. ijss. aquarum cichorei, aquarum buglossae, an. ℥ iiij. santal. moscatellini, ʒj. fiat syrupus: clarify, and aromatize it for iij. doses. Or thus: Rec. syr. acetosi simple. syr. capil. ven. syr. de buglossa, ana, ℥ two aquae acetosae aquae lupulorum, aquae graminis, ana, ℥ iiij fiat syrupus: clarify, and aromatize it for iiij. doses. Else thus: Rec. syr. violarum, syr. ros. sir lupulorum, ana ℥. i aquarum violarum, aquarum lupulorum, ana, ℥ j● ss. mix them, and make your syrup for one dose. The humour being by these means sufficiently prepared: purge the same, either by clyster, or potion, as followeth. Rec. altheae, maluae, violariae, attriplicis, parietariae, branchae v●sinae, lactucae, ana, m.j. 4 s●m. frig m●. contus. ana, ʒ. iij. anisi, feni●uli, ana, ʒ●j. prunorum, par. vi. florum viol. borag. buglossae, nenupharis, ana P.j. polipodij, sennae, ana, ℥. i fiat decoctio: de qua, accipe li.j. cui add, cassiae, ℥. i di●catholiconis, ℥. ss. mellis violati, ℥ three salis, ʒ. j. misce, fiat chister. Your potion you may thus prepare: Rec. tamarindorum, ʒ. uj. prunorum, juiubarum, ana, par. 5. passularum, ℥ ●ss. hordei, Pj. sem. melonum, lastucae, ana. ʒ.iij. florum viol●rū boraginis, buglossae an. P. j fiat decoctio, de qua accipe ℥ four in quibus dissolve, cassiae, ℥ ●ss. diacath●l. ʒ.iij. rhubarb. infusi, ℈ four cinamomi, gr. v. syr. ros. lax. ℥. j fiat potus. Or thus: Rec. rad. & fol. lapathi acuti, summitatum asparagi, lupuli, fumariae, endiviae, cichorij scariolae, sonchi, lenticulae, borag buglossae, acetosae, ad●anthi, agrimoniae, an.m.ss. 4. sem. frig. ma. lactucae, portulacae, papaveris, alb● an. ʒ.ij. tamarindorum, ℥ j senae, ʒx. prunorum, par. vi. passularum, par xii. florum cordial an. P.j. fiat decoctio ad quart. v. in cola●ura dissolve, syr. viol. & rosati, ana, ℥ two zacchari q.s. rhabarbari. ʒ.ij.ss. mix them for iij. does. Else thus: Rec. cassiae recent. Diaprunorun lenitiu. ana. ℥. ss. mannae, ℥. i rhabarbari infusi, ʒ. j. syr. ros. laxat. ℥. i cum decoctione florum & fructuum, fiat potio. By these means empty the body, 
Local medicines.  according to the time, age, & strength of the patiented. And to the part, whether the humour flieth, add strength & aid, by cooling and repelling medicines: such as cold water is, powered upon the place, & the juice of solanum, semperviwm, portulaca, psylium, ●yosciamus, lactuca, sedum, intybus, cucurbita, & lenticula palustris. Or thus framed: Rec. aquarum, plantag. rosarum, lactucae, sempervivi, ana, part j aceti, parum, misce, fiat Epithema. lineaments of no less force also, may be thus ordained: Rec. ol. ros. ℥ three olei nympheae, ℥ two santali citr. & rub. ana.ʒ.ij. troch. de caphura, ʒ. j. succi solani, aceti, ana, ℥. i misce. Another: Rec. succi plantag. ℥. i rosacei, ℥ three lithargirij nutriti, ℥ j cerusae loiae, ʒ. iij. lactis mulieris, ℥. ss. miscean●ur in martareo plumbeo, fiat linimentum. Or, ex cerussa mixta cum aceto, & lycio. vel terra chimolia. Else, ex spuma argenti, cum rosaceo. among the unguents, unguentum rosaceum is most usual, or you may thus prepare one: Rec. unguenti rosati, Mes. ℥. j albumina ovorum mucilag. sem. cydoniorum, ana, q.s. misce. Profitable also is Cera●um album, or infrigidans G●leni. But ●he cause conjoined, which is Choler now received in the part, must be removed by medicines, that have property to evacuate, and duscusse: as Epithema ex aqu● calida, 
Discuti●nt●●  or this unguent: Rec●litharg● auri, ℥. i cerussae lotae. ʒ.vi. succi plantag. lactis mulieris, ana, ℥. i ss. olei rosa●i, ℥ ●iij. cerae albae. q.s. mi●●e fiat unguentum, or a plaster ex hordei farina: or, ex cruda polenta: or thus composed. Rec. altheae novellae, li. j coquatur in bydrelaeo, contundantur, adda●●urque, ol●●osati ℥ four argenti spumae, cerussae, ana. ℥ ij.ss. succi solani, micae panis, ana. q.s. form them to a plaster. Else this: Rec. virgae pastoris, m.ij arnoglossae, m.j. coquantur in aqua extinctionis ferri, terantur, addanturque farinae lentium, ol, ros. ana, parum, fiat Emplastrum. Thus have you your repellents, for the beginning, as also discutients, for the state and declination. There remaineth now, to consider of the symptoms, 
Symptoms.  (that here may interrupt the cure,) and how we shall buckle with them, as occasion offereth. They are reckoned up together, before in this Chapter, among the signs. The first of them is, a returning back of the matter, 
Inward medicines  
Going back o● the matter.  which must be met withal, by drawing it forward again: in like sort, as is set down, in the Chapter of Phlegmon. Hardness is the second: 
Hardness.  which must be taken away by some cerate, on this wise prepared. Rec. ol. violati, ol. rosati pingued. gallinae, butiri, ana, ℥ two axungiae caprinae, axungiae vitulinae, ana, ℥. i medullae cruris vituli, ℥. i mucilagini● altheae, mucilag. maluae, Psyllij, ana, ℥ vi coquantur ad mucilaginum consm. deinde, add lithargyrij auri, ℥ three cerae albae, q.s. fiat ceratum, further if there be pain, and burning, 
Pain and burning.  those must be mitigated and extinguished with an unguent made ex folijs, & radic. hyosciami, in stupis, & coctis sub prunis, deinde mixtis cum unguento populeone, or with ung albo cum caphura, or this: Rec. sem. hyosciami, ʒ. j. sem. papaveris albi, ʒ. ij. ung popul. q.s. misce. the fourth symptom is ulceration, which you must● again, consolidate with unguentum album, or de lithargirio, cum pauco recremento plumbi, or thus make your unguent: Rec. ol. violati, rosati, ana. ℥ ij. ung ros. ℥. i ss. lithargirij auri & argenti, an. ℥. ss. ●hutiae, ʒ. ij. cerussae ʒ. vi. caphurae ʒ. j succi semperuivi, & plantagini●, ana, ℥. ss. misce fiat unguent. Here is also a lineament, Rec. succi rubi, succi solani ana, ℥ ●j. olei rosati, ℥ ●ij cerussae, lithargirij, ana, ℥. ss. aceti pa●um, misce. another, Rec. Trochisorum alborum rasin, ʒ. j. ss. plumbi usti, loti, ʒ. j. caphurae, ℈. ss. olei rosati, ℥ three cerae, q.s. misce fiat ●●nimentum. The last of the aforenamed symptoms, is putrefaction, which is to be cut off by the means afore used in Phlegmone.   

CHAP. VII. Of Herpes exedens, or depascens.  
THese are evil pustules, 
Def.  of choleric generation, eating, & feeding (as it were) upon the skin.  
They proceed of a thick, 
Causes & signs.  & sharp sort of yellow choler, flowing into a part. Therefore consider, if there be abundance of yellow choler in the body: for so you shall acknowledge the disease itself the better. As for the other signs thereof● they are evident: as ulceration of the skin, even down to the flesh underlying, small eating and spreading pustules, with inflammation, itching etc.  
The antecedent cause, 
Cure.  which is a full flowing of choler to the part affected● must be scoured out from within, whence it descendeth: as also from the part, whither it maketh his resort, by convenient means. First therefore, 
Innards medic●ne●  set down the diet that is appointed for Erysipelas: then altar and prepare the ●umor on this wise: Rec. syrupy endeviae, syr. lupulo●um, syr. ace●os. simple. ana, ℥ two aq●ae graminis, aquae buglossae, aquae lupulorum, ana. ℥ iiij. san●al. moscat. ʒ. j ss. Mix them & make of them a pyrope for iij. doses: then prepare your purgation, either in form of bowl, po●ion, or electuary, on this wise: Rec. cassiae noviter ●ractae, ℥. i rhabarbari, ℈ ij. Cinamomi, gr. iij. mix them, & cum Zaccharo make your bowl. The potion. Rec. pulpae ta●arindorum, ʒ. vi. sennae, ℥. si. mirabol. ci● ℈ four ●hymi, epi●himi, ana, ʒj. passularum, par. vi. florum cordial. ana. P.j. fiat decoctio, in aqua horde●: in colaturae, ℥ four dissoluantur, diacatholiconis, ʒ. vi. diapr. sol●ʒj. si. syr. ros. lax. ℥. j fiat potio. The electuary. Rec. pulpae tamarindorum● ℥ j cassiae noviter extractae, ℥ j si. sennae, ʒ. vi. elect. de succo rosarum, ʒ. iij. rhabarbari. ʒij. cinamomi, ℈ ss. syr. violati. q.s. fi●● electuari●m: of which, let them take, once a week, the dose is ʒ. vi. or ℥ i Now that in the affected part, the humour may find no settling, 
Diet.  
Outward means.  you shall use revulsion, both by frication and ligatures, on the contrary parts: as likewise, cooling and drying medicines, to the place itself, to beaten them back again: to wit, such as these: balaustium, calix glandium, capreoli vitium, folia oleastri, folia salicis, folia rubi, lactucae, lens palustris, malicorium, poligonion, plantago, portulaca, Rhus, seris, s●mperviuum, solanum, etc. of which you may compound your medicines, fit for the purpose: as for example: a plaster, ex corticibus mali granati in vino decoctis, & rhu, & farina hordei: or thus made: Rec. malicorij, ℥ four Rhois utriusque, ana. m.ij farinae hordei, ℥ iij. coquantur in vino aust ero, & fiat emplastrum. Another: Rec. plantaginis, summitatum vitis, rubi, oleastri, ana.m.j. balaustiarum, P.ij. ●iat decoctio, de cola●ra accipe ℥ ten quibus add, farinae hordei, ℥ j farinae ●upinorum, ℥. ss. olei rosacei, ℥. i ss. coquantur, & fiat Emplastrum. Thus much for the antecedent cause: the course whereof, being cut off, you shall tame the conjoined, (that is, the tumour already settled in the place) with discutients, and drying medicines: such as unguentum diapompholygo●: or, Rec. laenae succidae ustae, ʒ. ij. corti●is pini usti, & loti, ʒ. j. ss. adipis caprini, ℥ three cerae. q.s. fiat unguentum. Else this plaster: Rec. succi plantaginis, succi solani, ana. ℥. i succi rad. lapathi, ℥ ss. balaustrij, P. j rosarum rub. ʒ●j. ss. aluminis, ʒ. j. aceti. ℥ two coquantur ad aceti, & succorum consm, deinde ●erantur in mortuary plumbeo, addendo, lithargirij utriusque anae, ℥ ij. cerussae, ℥. i thutiae, ʒ. ij. 
a These you add, if you covet a medicine very drying: else, at your discretion, leau● them out.  scoriae ferri, praeparatae, ʒ. ij. floris aeris, ʒ. j. fiat emplastrum. Lastly, the ulcer itself, must be wiped, dried, and brought to consolidation, proceeding (as need requireth) from gentler, to stronger means: as: Rec. centinodiae, plantaginis, solani, ana, m.j. calicum glandium, vel nucum cupressi, ana, par.x. baccarum, & fol. mirthi, malecorij, balaustij, ana, ℥. i acatiae, hypocystidis, ana, ʒ. uj. mirrhae, thuris ana ʒ. v. fiat decoctio in aqua fabrorum, and therewith wash and foment the place. Also: Rec● lanae tedaceae combustae, ʒxij. ss. cerae, ʒ. xxxv. olei mirthini, ℥ .v. misce: or. Rec. malecorij dulcis, ʒ. vi. spumae argenti, ʒ. vi. lanae tedaceae, illotae, combustae, ʒ. iij. cerae, ʒ. xii. cerussae, ℥. i thuris, aluminis scissi, ana, ʒ. j. cum vino vel oleo myrthino, fiat unguentum. A slight unguent also may you make, ex plumbi recremento, & succo rutae. When you find these of the gentler sort, unsufficient, in force: you have these of vehementer working: Pastilli musae, pastilli Polyidae, pastilli Andronis: or, Avicen his Pastilli calidicon, and Aldaron: Else, arsenicum sublimatum, tritum, & mixtum cum vnguento albo, and applied with lints, plageats, or such like: observing by the way, that always, when you use such vehement workers, you defend the place, round about, with unguentum de bolo: or, Oxycratum which is a mixture, ex aqua & aceto.  

ANNOTATION.  
ᵃ These you add, if you covet a medicine very drying: else, at your discretion, leau● them out.    

CHAP. VIII. Of Herpes miliaris.  
THese are certain small pustules rising upon the outmost skin, 
Def.  like the seeds of Millet. The antecedent cause is yellow choler, 
Causes & signs.  mixed with some thin phlegm, which the signs of choler & phlegm, abounding in the body, will declare. beside the pustles, there is heat also, or a little inflammation, with itching, & the colour tending towards Citrine.  

Cure.  To deal with the cause antecedent: first set down a diet that may contrary both choler and phlegm: then prepare and concoct the humours with this syrup: inward medicines Rec. syrupi de Endiviae, ℥. i syr. de duabus radicibus, oxymel. simple. ana. ℥. ss. aquae endiviae, aquae lupulorum, aquae borag. aquae capillorum venery, ana ℥. i misce, fiat syrupus, pro una dosi. Then purge either with this bowl: Rec. cassiae novit. extractae ℥. i diapheniconis, ℈. i ss. rhubarb. ℈. i misce, cum zaccharo fia● bolus or this potion: Rec. Endiviae, m.j. rad. cichoreae, faenugraeci. ana. ℥. s●. florum cordial. ana, P.j. sem. anisi, lac●ucae, ana ʒ. ij. passularum, iviubarum, sebesten, ana, ℥. ss. glizerizae●ʒ. ij. sennae, ʒ. x. agarici, rhabarbari, ana ʒ. ij. zinzibri●. ʒ.j. spicae indicae, ℈ ij sa●●s gemmae, ℈ two coquantur secundum artem, & fiat potio, pro duabus dosibus. Cui addantur, syr. rosa, laxat. ℥ two Else, if you had rather have pilles● thus: Rec. pill. agregativarum, pil. de fumoter. ana, ʒ. j. agarici ●roch. ℈ two turpeti, ℈. i cum syr. ace●oso fiant pillulae: whereof give ʒ. j. for a dose. To the part whither it floweth, must you minister repellents (unless the matter be very abundant, and the body unpure, as a plaster, 
Outward means.  ex duobus granatis: or, ex arnoglossa, cum pulvere balaustiorum, & gallarum viridium: else made, ex succorad. lapathi acuti, aceto & pulvere balaustiorum & aluminis. Either: Rec. gallarum, balaustij, malecorij, boli armeni, ana. ℥. i aquae rosarum, ℥ three aceti, ℥ j misce. Now, that which hath settled itself, and so sticketh in the affected part, must be discussed cum aqua sublimata, or, succo asphodeli, smilacis asperae, solani, plantaginis: or, cum oleo genistae, etc. 
A lineament.  or else compounded once: as, ex glaucio, diluto cum aqua: or, ex gummi prunorum cum aceto: or, ex capitibus piscium salsorum, crematis, & in pulverem redactis, & vino dilutis: or, ex lana succida, usta, & tri●a, cum aqua peculi rosarum. Else: Rec. aeruginis rasilis, sulphuris, ana, ʒ. j. aquae sarmen●orum vitis, dum comburuntur. q.s. ●ise, fiat linimen●um.   

Of Phlegmatic Tumours. Of the true or legitimate Oedema. CHAP. IX.  

Def.  OEdema is a certain lose, unpainful tumour, proceeding of phlegmatic humours, flowing into any part. 
Causes & signs.  It is therefore apparent, that the antecedent and conjoined causes are phlegm, the one yet flowing, the other flowed, & heaped now, together in the member: both which also may have procurement from outward causes: as falls from height: strokes, surfeiting etc. which are easily understood by the patient's relation. The Tumour is lose & soft, easily yielding to the pressing of the finger, and retaineth the pit after the finger is removed. The pain is little or none, the heat small, the colour whitish or pale.  

Prog.  The termination of Oedema is most by resolution, seldom by suppuration: and often, by changing into nodes & other abscesses. Winter is the chief time of their reign. And old age is oftest troubled therewith.  

Cure.  First for the antecedent cause, set down your diet contrary in quality: to wit, heating, drying, and making thin: As thin and dry air, moderate exercise, and specially of the contrary parts: short sleep, and only on nights: if the belly keep not soft naturally, order it by art thereunto: as by giving figs fasting. stuffed with the pulp of sem. carthami. Let his bread be well baked, his meat, Wether mutton, mountain birds, or made with Otemeale, etc. his wine, white, clear, sweet smelling, or pallet, forbidding all po●age, herbmeat, ●eige, or papmeat, all 
b It comprehendeth all pease, beans, chiches, rice, and such like.  pulse, fruits, fishes, milkemeates, cheese etc. The diet so appointed, come to the purging of the flowing homor, that so the course thereof may happily be intercepted. Not omitting also, first to prepare the humours to evacuation, to which purpose, these simples serve very fitly: radic. cyperi, acori, galangae, ireos, enulae, apij, petroselini, graminis, asperagis, rusci, faeniculi. Also betonica, saluia, hyssopum, melissa, polium, pulegium, calamentum, origanum, maiorana, abrotanum, mentha, absynthium, camaedryos, chamaepy●eos, herba paralisis, agrimonia, capil. ven. sem. calida lignum sanctum etc. Of which you may compound simples on this wise: 
Preparatives.  Rec. mellis ros. colati, syr. acetosi, simple. ana. ℥ three aquae melissae, maioranae, buglossae, ana, ℥ iiij. cinamomi, macis, ana, ℈ two misce, fiat syr. clarif. pro iiij. dosibus. Or thus: Rec. syr. de hyssopo, de staecade, oxymellis s●il. ana, ℥. ijss. aquae saluiae, betonicae, faeniculi, ma●oranae, ana, ℥ four cinamomi, aroma●. ros. ana. ʒj. misce fiat syr. pro 5. dos●bus. An apozeme to the same purpose: Rec. rad. ireos, galangae, ana, ʒ. vi. rad. apij, pe●ro. selini, asparagi, ana, ℥ j betonicae, melissae, chamaedrios, chamaepiteos, herb. paralisis, ana, m. j● capil. communium, ana, m.ss. sem. anisic ℥ ij. sem. faeniculi, carvi, cinnimi, ana, ℥ two sem. melonum. ʒ.vi. passularum, par 8. sem. carthami, ℥ two sennae, ℥. i ss. florum genistae, cicerum rub. staecadis, buglossae, ana, P.j. ●iat decoctio: de qua accipe, li● ij. quibus add, mellis ros. colati, syr. de absymhio, ana, ℥ two zacchari. q.s. aromatici rosa●●ʒij. ss fiat apozema, clarificetur pro vi. ●osibus. The humours being now well prepared, must be purged out, either by the belly, or by vomit. Of the first sort you have your choice, both in number and form. 
A mixture ex oleo ro ●aceo & aceto.  
Purgatives.  Rec. diapheniconis, ʒij. electuar. Indi maioris, ʒj ss. diacatholiconis, ℥ ●ss. zacchari. q.s. misce fiat bolus. Another: Rec. elect. diacarthami, elect. de citro sol. ana, ℥. ss. zacchari q.s. misce fiat bolus. A potion for the purpose thus. Rec. med●●. sem. carthami contusi, ʒiij. sennae, ʒ. ij. agarici trochisk. ʒ.j. fiat levis decoctio: in colaiurae ℥ four dissolve electuarij diaturbi●h, vel de citro solutivi, ʒ●iij. syr. ros. laxat. ℥ j misce fiat potus. If you had rather have pills: Rec. pillul. chochiarum, pil. arthriticarum, ana, ʒ. ss. cum syr. de staecade fiant pillulae, n.ix. or, Rec. pil. de agarico, pil. agregat. ana, ℈ two cum aqua betonicae fiant pil. no. seven. Else: Rec. pill. imperialium, pillul. faetidarum ana, ʒ. ss. cum aqua absynthij fiant pillul● no. seven. If you think ●o do it by vomit more commodiously, as if the Tumour be in the inferior parts: (for then it is commended, because of revulsion:) you shall provoke the same, with oleum common: or oxymel: or a decoction made with the seeds of Attriplex: or, nasturtium: or with the roots of Radish. 
outward means.  In the mean time, that the matter flowing may find no settling in the affected part: the same must be fortified in the beginning with repellents, somewhat mixed with discutients, but if the affect be in the augmentation, the discutients must be somewhat more forcible, for thus defending and strengthening therefore of the affected part, make an Epithema, ex duabus aceti partibus, & una aquae, wherein, a new sponge being dipped, minister it to the place● but on such wise make your binding on the sponge, that the beginning of your rolling be beneath, & the finishing thereof above, else your epitheme may be made, ex nitro, aphronitro, & lixivio. a cloth also wet therein, & applied or it may consist, ex decoctione nitri, or spumae nitri, & cinerum & aceti, or thus compounded, Rec lixivij acerrimi, ex cineribus caulium, sarmentorum vitis, ficus, & tartaro confect. q.ss. aceti. q.s. olei parum, misce fiat epithema: in this also wet a sponge and foment the place, another: Rec cinerum sarmentorum vitis, ficus brassicae, tamarisci, ana, p.j. fol. ebuli, tamarisci, an. m.ss. boli armeni, ℥ j ss. aquae in qua ferruna fuerit extinctum. li. iij. aceti ℥ four make a decoction, to the wasting of the third part, and therewith foment the tumour, & bind it up with your rouler, being dipped in the same but first the part must be anointed with this lineament, before you bind it up Rec. cineris brassicae, velilicis, ℥ two axungiae suillae, ℥ three misce fiat linimentum, an unguent for the matter you must thus prepare: Rec. bol. arm. acatiae, ana, ℥. i cyperi, ℥. ss. aloes, mirrhae, ana, ʒ. v. croci. ʒ.ss. succi brassicae, ℥ two ol. rosati, ℥ iiij. aceti●ʒ. j. ss. cerae. q.s. misce fiat ung. if you with your medicine in form of a plaster, Rec. aloe●●ycij, mirrhae, acatiae, sief de glaucio, cype●i, croci, boli armeni, ana partes aequales: puluerizentur, & cum suc●o caulium & aceto, fiat emplastrum, another: Raec. nucis cupressi, squinanthi, farinae hordei, far. lupinorum, an. ℥ s●, blattae bizantiae aluminis, ana, ʒ. ij. sem. papaveris corniculat●ʒ. iij. aloes, mirrhae, ana, ʒ. j. suc. brassicae, a●et. an. q.s. acatiae, hyposistidas, an. ʒij stercorir columb. stercor. capr. an. ʒ.iij. misce fiat Emplast. when the matter is impact, & hath now got lodging in the place, consider whether the same be thick, or else of a thin substance, that may be resolved. For if so be, that it may be otherwise spent, them by ripening, frame yourself thus to it by digerent or discutient medicines● as an epitheme, made ex lixivio, ex cinere ficus, vitis, & ilicis facto, and apply the same with a sponge, or a lineament thus prepared: Rec. aluminis, sulphuris, mirrhae, salis, ana partes aequales, ol. rosati, aceti ana. q.s. fiat linimentum. Another: Rec. suc. ebuli, sambuci, oxylapathi, levistici, faeniculi, ana, ℥. i vng● dealtheae. ℥ three mellis. ℥. i ol. chamomelini. ℥ ij. coquantur ad succorum cons. fiat linimentum. In form of plaster, thus: Rec. stercoris vaccini, li.ss. olibani, styracis, musci arborum, calami aromatici, spicae, absynthij, ana, ℥. ss. confice omnia eum acetol & decocto caulium, & fiat Emplastrum. Another: Rec. sulphuric, ℥. i stercoris, columbini, ʒ. x. far. fabarum, ℥ j ss. mellis, ℥. i ss. succi brassicae, q.s. fiat Emplastrum. Another: Rec. fol. ebuli, sambuci, absynthij, ana, m.j. aluminis. sulphuris, salis, ana. ℥. ss. coquantur, terantur, addendo, dia●theae, ℥. ij.ss. ●xungiae suillae, ℥. i ss. mellis, ℥., j fia● Emplastrum. Another: Rec. rad. cucumeris agrestis, ℥ ij. origani, vel brassicae, m.j. far. horde●, ℥. i coquantur, terantur, & fiat Emplast. If contrariwise the matter being considered, be found gross & unfit for resolution, frame to maturate it, come ung. Diachylone: or plasters to the same end contrived, in this sort: Rec. maluae, branchae ursinae, rad. lilij, ceparum, assarum limacum, fermenti, sem. lini, ana, q.s. foil them & work them in a mortar cum axungia vel butyro, to the form of a plaster. Another: Rec. suc. ebuli, sambuci, oxylapathi, levistici, marathri, ana, part. j dialtheae, mellis, olei, butyri, ana q.s. coquantur, & fiat emplastrum. Another: Rad. altheae ℥ three rad. liliorum, ℥ ij. caricarum, par. v. florum chamomelini, & meliloti, ana, P●j. farinae hordei, & faenugraeci ana, ℥ j coquantur, & terantur, addendo pingued. gallinae, butyri recentis, olei Chamomelini, liliorum, ana, ℥ four rad. brioniae, rad. cucumeris agrestis, ana. ℥ two ol. liliorum li.ss. ol. de costo, ℥ four vini, ℥ iij. coquantur ad vini consumptionem, terantur, addendo far. sem. lini, & faenugraeci, ana, ℥ two fermenti, ʒ. j. ss. pingued. anse●is, ana●is, ana ℥ three misce, fiat empl. Another: Rec. rad. liliorum, ℥ two cepae, ℥ ij.ss. altheae, maluae, an. m.iss. chamomil●ae, m●liloti, ana, P.j. farson, lini, faenugr. ana, ℥ j coquantur, & te●antur, addendo, axungiae su●llae, ℥ four misce fiat emplaestrun. Whe● the tumour is ripe let it be opened with some hot iron, or caustic. And because that in this case the natural parts (many times) are weak enough, 
To strengthen the natural parts.  & the body standeth in need of heartening: you shall not neglect, to provide for the stomach both inward & outward means, as followeth: Rec. conseruae florum stechados, conseruae rorismarini, an. ℥. i corti●, mali citri, conditi, ℥. ss. mirabol, emblicorum, conduit. ʒ ij. specierum diacinamomi, ℈ two cum syr. de corticibus citri, fiat electuarium, whereof let the patiented take the value of a nu●t, j hour & a half before every meal, Lozenges. Rec. spec. aromat. ros. ʒ.j. sp. diagalangae, ℈. i pul. corallorum, santali, citrini, an. ℈. ss. corticum citri conditi, conseruae ros. vet. an. ʒ.j. ss. zacchari in aquis menthae & absynthij dissoluti, q.s. make them lozenges, every one weighing ʒ. ij. and let him eat one fasting every day. A dredge: Rec. coriandri conditi, ℥ three anisi, faeniculi, an. ℥ i pul. cotoneorum, ʒ. ij. cinamomi, elect. ℈ iiij, spec. aromat. ros. ʒij. zacchari. q.s. fiat tragema, whereof give after every meal j spoonful commanding the patiented to abstain from drink after it. for the outside you may make for the stomach this ung Rec. ol. lentiscini, mastichini, ros● an. ℥. j ss. nucis moscatae, cariophilorun, an. ʒj cort. sic. suc. ℈ two coralli utriusque, an. ʒ ss. florum chamom. aneti, an. ℈ four spicenar. squinanthi, an. ℈ j acet. parum, cerae, q.s. fiat ung. A plaster for it, thus: Rec. mas●ae empl. pro stomacho, ℥ two cerati galen. emendantis vitia stomachi, ʒ. j. ss. tereb. parum, misce, fiat empl. If now in the process of the cure, there fall out accidents troublsome, & hindering the cure, as pain, hardness or ulcer, you shall not be with out means likewise to answer them accordingly: & first delay the pain with Oesypo humida, or vino cocto, or a cerate compounded ex ol. chamomael. nardino, absynthino, & cera, or this lineament. Rec. O●sipi. ℥. j, ss. passi, ol. chamomael. vel anethini ℥. i misce, fiat linimentum. Hardness, if there be any, you shall saften with medulla bubula, or ceruina, etc. or an vng● thus provided: Rec. axung. bubul. ℥ iiij galb. bdel. ammoniaci in acet. dissol. an. ℥. j ss. picis, ℥ two terebent. ℥ three mirrhae, ʒ. iij. cortic. thuris, ℥ ij. ol. veteris. ℥ four misce fiat unguentum, another: Rec. mucilaginis altheae, sem. lini. mucilag. faenugraeci, an. ℥ four far. hord, ℥ three axungiae gallinae, cl. liliorum an. ℥ two butyri, ℥ j croci, ℈. i ammoniaci, bdellij, styracis, ana, q.s. vitellorum ovorum, numero ij. misce, fia● unguentum. If it come to an ulcer, then whilst it is foul, cleanse it with a mundificative ex apio, or apply ung apostolorum: so after it be cleansed, fill it up with flesh, and when it is plain, cover it with a cicatrize, as, in many other places you are instructed.  

ANNOTATIONS.  
ᵃ This Tumour is of two sorts: one gathered & limited within a certain place, called properly and simply, Oedema: the other diffuse, & unbounded: more rightly termed Tumour Oedematosus. This is of Phlegmatic bloud● joined with evil disposition of the liver, and unconcocted iuyc● distributed, and that always: the other, though sometime with such infirmity of the natural parts, yet other some time of natural Phlegm, & of outward causes only: which is then also to be cured by outward medicines. But Tumour Oedematosus, 
Tumour Aquens.  called of some the watery tumour, requireth both inward and outward means, though of like nature, to the helps, of a simple Oedema: yet by so much the more forcible, as it is in degree a stronger enemy. and so for this cure, you may proceed in the same way, of the last chapter, intending and strengthening all your means as circumstances shall lead you: knowing that the difference of these diseases, is not such as might require other scop●s of cure, or new natured medicines, but rather discreet provision, that those your remedies may be of strength enough so match, and finally vanquish the power of a stronger disease: and this not in the inner medicines only, but in the outer also, as here for a supply, followeth: Apply a new sponge dipped in oxy●hodino, wherein salt is dissolved, or foment the place cum lixivio ex cineribus, sarmentorum, caulium, ficus, ilicis, quercus & tartari, addito s●le, vel aphronitro, vel sulphur, some add to their Lixivium, Aristolog. rotun ammoniacum, & bdellium, but first ever arming the parts against the sharpness of the lee with some ointment, as you may do with this lineament or unguent following. Rec. Salis nitri, ʒ. x. p●peris, baccarum lauri, ana. ʒj. ol. laurini, ℥ uj cerae. q.s. fiat linimentum: some add Pulpam passul. Rec. radi. iteos. & cucumeris agrestis, nucum cupressi, o●sis tibiae hominis, cinerum rad. brassicae, ana●ʒ. ij boracis, nitri an.ʒj. ol. anetini, cerae, an. q.s. fiat unguent. A plaster of great commendation: Rec. sem. sinapi, sem. urticae, sulph. aristolochiae rot. spumae maris, bdellij. an. ℥ j ammoniaci, ol. vet. & cerae an. ℥, ij. fiat empl. good also for the flatuous tumour. Hitherto to pertaineth hydrocephalus, and hydrocele, handled among the particular tumours.  
ᵇ It comprehendeth all pease, beans, chiches, rice, and such like.    

CHAP. X. Of the flatuous tumour.  

De●.  TVmor flatuosus springeth of a gathering of windy spirits, either under the skin, or else under the membrans which cover & cloth the bones or muscles. 
Causes & signs.  The efficient cause is imbecility of natural heat, & then the party hath weak concoction, and is given to a quiet or idle life, etc. the material cause antecedent, is phlegmatic humour, out of which, windines is easily gendered, & therefore cold and moist temperature, phlegmatic diet, surfeting● idleness, slothfulness, old age, etc. be signs thereof. the conjoind cause i● the flatuous spirits now already retained, either under the skin, or some membrans, thorough which they can get no passage, for the thickness or close substance of those parts. the signs of the conjoind cause, & so of the disease, are, a tumour or swelling in any part, with a certain brightness or shining, which being pressed with the finger, showeth a certain resistance, & sometime being smitten upon, yieldeth a sound, like a bladder, or taber, the party feeleth very often, some wandering windines, run hither and thither thorough their body: the pain is extensive, or stretching etc. Flatuous spirits not discussed, 
Prog.  bring many discommodities. vaporous puffs coursing hither & thither thorough the body, with pain & anguishes, are greatly to be feared, for it is a token that some venomous matter was the occasion of them. Because the antecedent cause which is the flegmatik humour, 
Cure.  aboundeth in such a body, or specially the stomach, first provide by diet to diminish the same, 
Diet.  uz. let his air be temperate his sleep shorter, his belly solluble, his exercise moderate, his bread of barley, wherein also beside salt there is some cummin mingled, his broths of chiches with onions and parsley, his flesh meats, Wether mutton, veal, and mountain birds, his drink 
a Very available ha●e I found it to ton up in new ale, the herb called of Matthiolus Common eupatory, & when it is sta●e enough, give it to the papatien●: for his continual drink.  white odoriferous wine or pallet, in the mean time forbidden as hurtful, all gross, viscous, raw, phlegmatic and flatuous meats, such as are sweet things, pulse, raw fruits, rape roots chestnuts, milk, cheese, etc. generally also observing, that his diet all times be spare enough in quantity, secondly his diet so set, prepare by medicines, the humours fit for purging, thus: 
Inward means.  Rec. syr. de duabus radicibus, mellis ●o●. an. ʒuj. aquae faeniculi. aquae capil. ven. aquae scabiosae, ana● ℥. i misc●, fiat syr. pro una dosi, and so after accordingly for five or six doss. them purge either with clyster, made with things discussing windiness, or this potion: Rec d●acatholici ℥. i diaphaemic. ℥. ss. cum aqua faeniculi & de fumoterrae, fiat potio brevis, addendo, diacymini, ℥. ss. the measure of your purging in this, as also in other matters, must be according to the age, temperature and strength of the patiented, & so the quantities to be increased or diminished accordingly. thus having foreseen for the antecedent cause: 
Outward means.  the conjoined must be attenuated, discussed and s●attered by all means. Simples serving to that purpose, are these: anisum, faeniculum, daucus, carum, cuminum, seseli, apium, petroselinun, ruta, baccae lauri, ol. Irinum, laurinum, rutaceum, nardinum, costinum, Ricininum, ol. spicae, nucum, de ●uphorbio, de piperibus, lixi●ium applied with a new sponge of these again and such like, may be compounded divers forms, for your use as here followeth. And Epitheme, Ex sapa, cum vino, & exiguo aceto, & oleo, applied with lana succida, or an Epitheme, made ex parietaria, Centaurio, aniso, faeniculo, dauco, caro, cumino, Chamomilla, anetho, staecado, roremarino, melle, furfure, etc. or ex lixivio, cum sapa & oleo mixto, & spongia excepto. or, ex 
b The unclean sweatinesse of men of great excercise.  strigmentis gymnasiorum, calce viva, ex aqua, & vino, simul coctis. else ex lixivio, cum nitro, & aceto: otherwise ex decocto hyssopi, cum oleo rutaceo, or, Rec. sapae, ℥ three olei ane●●ni, saponis mollis, ana, ℥ ij. misce, fiat Epithema: and herein moist a sponge or flank wool, and apply the same. a quilt for the same you may make, after this sort: Rec. milij. li.j. ss. salis, li.j. artemisiae, maioranae, an. m.j. se. carvi, faenugreci, cumini, ana. ℥. i florum Chamomille, florum meliloti, florum stecadis, florum anthos, ana, p.j. torrefiant omnia in sartagine, and make thereof ij. quilts, which being oversprinckled with some pleasant wine, must be warm applied to the part affected● afterward anointing the part with this unguent: Rec. r●d. gentianae, ℥. i agrimoniae, ●halamenti, origani, ana, ℥. ss. rubiae tinctorum, ʒ. iiij squinan●i, masticis, ana, ʒ. j. ss. spicaenardi, croci, ana, ℈ four aquae vitae, ℥. i ss. olei anethini, ol. nardini, ol. de cast●reo, ana, ℥ four ●erae, q.s. fiat ungent. Or this: Rec. ol. anethini, ol. rutacei, ol●laurini, ol. spicae, ol. mastichini, an ℥. i calamenti, cen●aurij, absinthij, maioranae, tritorum, ana, ʒ. j. sem faeni●, rutae, lupinorum, baccarū●auri, an. ʒ.ij. mellis crudi, q.s. fiat ung. Another: Rec. ol. chamomelini, olei anelini, olei amigdal. amar. olei rutae, ana, ℥. j sem. anisi, faeniculi, dauci, ser●. cumini, car●●, ameos, & rutae, ana, ℥. i ss. Vini albi, ℥ three coquantur usque ad vini cosm. expressioni add, cerae, q●s. fia● unguentum. Plasters likewise for the purpose you have: de baccis lauri, & de semine ●inapi: Or thus compounded: Rec. propoleos, li, j ss. ros. rubr. ℥. i coquantur in vino albo, pinsantur, addanturque piperis, caryophilorum, nucis moschatae, zinzibris, an. ʒ.ij. cumini, anisi, faeniculi, sem. apij, ameos, ana, ℥. ss. ol. chamom. ol. anethini, ol. rutae, an. ℥ two fiat Empl. Minister this plaster warm: but first scarify the place superficially: and choose of these for your turn, the most convenient, and of proportionable faculty, both for the place affected, & tractability of the matter. In the mean time, if natural ●eat be weak, and so be found an effitient, in this matter, stir up and refresh the same both by heating diet, afore prescribed, as also by medicines strengthening the concoctive virtue, chiefly of the stomach. to which end, you have both inward and outward ones. To take inwardly for that purpose, diaciminun, diacalamenthun, aroma icum ros. diagalanga, diacinamomun, dianisun, etc. very available also is this dredge. Re●. anisi marathri, carvi, dauci, cumini, bac. lauri, an. ℥. i glycyrrhizae, galangae, zinzibris, an. ℥. ss. caryophil. cub●bar. piper. se. rutae, an. ʒ.ij. anisi, zaccha. ●bducti, ℥ three zac. li ss. misce fiat pulvis. Outwardly apply ol. Nardinum, absynthinum, menthae, costinum, ●utae, nucis moschatae, etc. Now, if in the case of a flatuous tumour there be pain found as a companion io●ned with it, 
Pame.  strive first to mitigate the same, and then discuss the flatuous matter afterwards and if the flatuous spirit pro●ceede of a venomous matter, then shall you use this Art to remove the same: first bind the part both above and beneath the place, & in the midst between, open the tumour with your incision knife, or a hot iron, so as that the venomous matter may have easy passage out, this done, dress up the wound with a mixture m●de ex aloe, bolo armeno: ol. ●o. & aceto. After three or four days endeavour to fill it up with fleshy & so to cicatrize it, as Art requires  

ANNOTATIONS.  
ᵃ Very available ha●e I found it to ton up in new ale, the herb called of Matthiolus Common eupatory, & when it is sta●e enough, give it to the papatien●: for his continual drink.  
ᵇ The unclean sweatinesse of men of great excercise.    

CHAP. xj. Of the Tumour called struma.  
STruma is a tumour, in which underneath certain as it were, glandules made of matter and blood, 
a And enclosed with a membran.  do grow, & these have their place most of all in the neck: though they sometime be found in other places also. 
Causes and signs.  The inward cause is flegmatik humour wherewith then likely, the body aboundeth, by reason of such a diet, used before time: & surfeiting idleness, or resty life whereto the party is addicted, etc. outward causes befalls, strokes and surfeiting life, etc. which things by the patient's relation are easily found out.  
They which have a narrow & short forehead, 
Prog.  with temples flat, as it were compressed, and large jaws, those are subject to wens. these kind of tumours do not lightly come to maturation: but if they do, and after be so healed, for the most part, yet they spring again, near the cicatrize of the old. The Struma that is small, of a gentle condition, and superflu●icious in the skin, is easily cured● contrari wise, if it be great, of a malign nature, and deeply lodged, it is hardly healed. again if it be of late growth, it may be resolved and discussed, but the inueterated ones cannot● children often, old men s●eldom are taken with this tumour. Pain and heat in struma, showeth that it either tendeth to suppuration, or else degenerateth into a fistule, or Cancer.  
Appoint your diet such, as may both dry, 
Diet.  somewhat heat, & make thin: as temperate air, exercise before meat, the meats of good juice & easy concoction, pleasant wine, etc. avoiding moist, marish, low or cellarlike habitation, overmuch repletion & satiety: also such things as breed upbreyding, and loathing in the stomach, gross meats, drinking of cold water, idleness, or resty life, etc. let the quantity always be spare, yea so that if the party sometime abstain utterly from meat, it shallbe very available for him. then proceed on, to the more sensible taking away of the antecedent cause, by medicine: as first, preparing the humour by his syrup: Rec. oxymellitis compos. syr. de stechade, mellis rofati, ana, 
Inward means.  ℥. ss. aquae scabiosae, aquae fumiterrae, ana, ℥. i mix them and make a syrup for one dose, and so after for more, as need requireth. when the humour is prepared, purge then with this potion: Rec. diaphaeniconis, diacatholiconis, elect. indi maioris, ana, ʒ. ij. cum decoctione communi fiat po●us. Or the powder of T●rbith, of Avicen or Rhasis his description, or else prepare a magistral powder, in this order: Rec. rad. aristol. rot. raphani, rad. spathulae faetidae, an. ʒ.j. pimpinellae, pilosellae, rutae, an. ʒ.ij. scrophulariae, philipendulae, an. ℥. ss. anisi ʒ. ij. zinzibris, ʒ. j. turbith● sennae, an. ʒ.iij. zaccha. ℥, iiij. make hereof a powder. whereof let the patiented take every morning fasting j● spoonful in white wine. you may purge also with hiera pigra, pil. chochiae, or pil. de agarico, etc. After competent purging, by the common passage of the belly, it will be further also convenient to cleanse the blood by the wa●s of urine: whereunto this po●ion serveth: Rec. s●rofulariae m.iij philipped. m.ij pimpinellae, pil●sellae● tanaceti, caulium rub. rubiae ma. an. m.j. rad. ●rist. ro●. spa●hulae faetidae, ●aphani, ana. m.ss● boil them in vino albo, & melle, ●sque ad cōsump●ionem medietatis, then strain them, and give thereof to the patiented every third day, three ounces in the morning fasting. The conjoined cause, is to be considered two ways: to wit, as it is apse or fit for Resolution, or else utterly unfit for such kind of means. If it may be (therefore) resolved, 
Outward means.  then use medicines meet to mollify, 
To resolve the matter.  make thin, disperse and separate the matter, such as Diachylon common, Diachylon magnum, or Diapalma, these be of vulgar use, but you may provide you of more choice & tried medicines among these that follows first, ex stercore ●aprillo, cum melle & aceto, 2 ●. ex ●aenugraeco, sem: lini, & bra●sic●●e, cum muscilag● alth●ae. ●●● ex calce viva, melle vel oleo, vel adieu su● illo, 4. ●. ex stercore bubulo & aceto coctis 5. ●. Rec. ●l. antiqui. ℥ twelve aeruginis ʒ. xiii. picis siccae, ℥ uj ladani. ℥ three lithargi. ℥ twelve galb. ℥ three mis●e fiat emplastr. 6. ●. Rec. rad. brioniae, cyclaminis, cucumeris, agrestis, altheae, lilij caelestis, an. ℥ ij coquā●ur in vino albo, terantur, addendo, ammoniaci in aceto diss●luti, bdellij, opoponacis, in ol sesamino diss●lui●, ana, ℥. j stercotis columbini, ster●oris caprini, an. ℥ ●j. s●. ●adani, stiracis calamitae, ana. ℥ ●●. pici●naualis● q.s. fiat emplastrum, 7. ●. Rec. farinae fabarum, far ●ordei, an.ʒ.x. rad. glizerizae, aliheae, ana, ʒ. v. picis ʒ. v. cerae albe, adipis anserini, ana.ʒ.x. ol. veteris, urinae pueri, ana, q.s. fiat Empl●strum, 8. ●. Rec. stercoris ●ubuli, ℥ two radic. caulium. radic. capparorum. squillae, sicuum, ana, ℥. ss. lupinorum, bdellij, ana.ʒ.ij. aceti, mellis, axungiae su●llae● facis olei antiqui, ana, q.s. fiat emplastrum 9 ●. Recipe ammoni●ci bdellij, Galbani, ana● par●es aequales, macerentur triduo in aceto, dissolutis adatur surfuris subt. q.s. fiat emplastrum. 10. ●. Rec. radi●●filicis, asphodeli ana, q.s. cequantur in vino optimo, tundantur addendo sulphuris vivi, parum. 11. ●. Rec. Stercoris bubuli, ●aprini columbini, anserini, ana.ʒ.ij. farinae hordei, farinae lupinorum, farinae lolij, ana, ʒ. ij.ss. ammoniaci, bdel. galb. in aceto dissol. an. ℥. ss. mel. ℥ iij, suc. ebuli, suc. caulium, an. ℥ iij, axungiae juillae, q.s. fiat emplast. 12. ●. Rec. ol. lili. vellauri. ℥ twelve pici● siccae. ℥ vi. ladani. ℥ three litharg. ℥ xij galb. ℥ three styracis, ℥ two aerug ℥ xiij fiat. empl. 13. ●. Rec● rad. ireos, ℥ three coquantur in aceti & mellis ana, ℥ ix terantur, addendo● terebenthinae, resinae, dealtheae, ana, ℥ three pulueris cumini, faenugraeci, ana, ℥. j fiat Emplastrum. 14. Rec. sinapi, stercoris columbini, ana, ℥ two micae panis, ℥ four mellis, ℥ iij. aceti, li.ss. boil them to the thickness of a plaster. An unguent you may make thus: Rec. cinerum limacum● ℥. i axungiae suillae, ℥. i ss. misce, fiat unguentum. Now, if so be you perceive the matter to be altogether unfit for resolution, 
If the matter be unfit for resolution.  then have you two ways to endeavour the emptying of it: to wit, suppuration & incision. If you see, it be meet to ripen it, fashion it to your purpose, with a plaster made ex farina hordei, pice, olibano, & urina pueri. Or, if that will not serve, this: Rec. rad. aliheae, liliorum, ana, li.ss. coquantur in aqua, contundantur addendo, alliorum sub prunis coct. caeparum coctarum, ana, ℥ three ol. liliorum, butyri, ana, ℥ two pingued. suillae, anserinae, ana, ℥. ij.ss. farin● tritic●ae, faenugraeci. sem. lini ana, qs. vitellorum ovorum, n●ij. fiat empl. Another: Rec. myrrhae ʒ. x. ammoniaci, ●hymiamatis, ana, ʒ. seven. visci quercini, ℥. i galbani, ℥ ss. propoleos, ʒ. j. misce. When it is ripe, open it with instrument or ruptory: as, ex calce & sapone: or, Cantharides: or, with arsenic. The last means, and utmost in this case, is manual operation: which is to be used, when the tumour will neither give place to resolutives, nor yet be ordered by maturatives, as hath been hitherto said. The same manual operation is thus to be performed. 
Manual operation.  Let the patiented be laid along upon his bed, his feet fastened sundrily to the bed posts, and his head firmly holden of some that are assistant to you in that work: then divide the skin, that lieth over the Tumour, with a strait line, or somewhat slopewise: because likewise, the vessels & nerves, contained in the same do lie in strait manner answerably● this always provided, that you work not so roundly, as to rush through the thickness of the skin, at once, with one incision, but by leisure: for nothing is violently to be performed in this business. & in the lesser sort of them, which are also of the gentler condition, a simple lined section will serve, but in the greater sort, the incision must be made after the figure of a Mirt leaf: & the veins & arteries gently, and by little and little, bared, must be put aside. After this, dilate, and stretch wide open, with mullets, or little hooks, the lips or borders of the divided skin, and either with your fingers, lancet scale, or spatule, separate the membrans, until by little and little the lump being delivered from all his holds, may be taken forth. But if it be enwrapped with vessels, with great heed then is the business to be handled, jest by any negligence committed, great flux of blood should follow. In such a case therefore, it is best to draw open with your mullets but one of the sides, & so with your lancet, by little and little sever the same from the parts tied to it. And this once done on the one side, perform so much after on the other side. There being special care taken, le●t either the arteries called Carotidae, or yet the recurrent Nerves be violated or touched. Now, if it do fall out, that in making in●sion, through hitting upon some vessel, there follow such profusion of blood, as tendeth to the hindrance & trouble of this your business, then shall you tie up the same vessel, or (unless it be very great,) cut it quite asunder: either else, if it bleed not with any full force, stop it with remedies for such a purpose: & so proceed on with your work begun. 
b Here, though I have not followed● the words of Wecker, yet by the light of sense, and evidence of Aegineta, I have aimed nearer the truth.  And when you have proceeded so far, in undermining it, that you have brought the foundation of it to a narrow point, it behoveth to cut it up expertly, and cunningly: as also, to search diligently the place, whither there be other more strumae thereto adjoining, which in like manner (if you find any) you must draw out, as is aforesaid. As for the flux of blood, that is not very forcible, but in mean sort, such (I say) you may easily stay, by medicines of drying faculty: as stuphes, sponges, or bats of cotton dipped, and again wrong out in cold water, or vinegar, or ●xycra●um: which is a mixture of them two, and so applied. But if your proceeding hitherto be free, & with out any interruption of bloody fluxions, then go on to fill the wound with powder of thus, & 
c (As you would say) linty properties, including plageats, dozelles, or any such forms, as the Ch●●urgion useth to dress up a hollow wound.  lintes, binding upon (for the better staying on of the lintes) wool wet in wine. Again, if the case so fall, that any notable or large Vein be grown fast to the root or bottom of it, then shall it not be good to cut it up by the root, but to make a strong t●all or binding upon the same vesel, and so leaving it in his place, till by little and little, it may break lose from his hold, and fall forth without danger. The tiall or band must be of such a matter, as may not easily putrify: as thread of silk: for those things that easily putrify, do soon let slip the hold that they have. Moreover, if your work thus finished, there yet remain any part of the bladder, or membran that enwrapped the matter of the aforesaid Tumour, or any other outward thing else remain behind, it is to be consumed by filling the wound, the first days, with Cotton, wet in salt water: and after applying unguent. 
d Or pulu. praecipitati, or such other practice as all common points are ●uer referred to the artistes judgement.  AEgyptiacum. To conclude: if the sore being opened, appear filthy, cleanse it with unguentum apostolorum, unguentum AEgyptiacum, Emplas●●. Diachylon, Diapalma, mundificative ex apio: or, pulvis M●rcurij. After, if it be hollow, fill it up with flesh: applying thus, aristolochia, pompholygos, al●es, cadmia, manna, myrrha, fuligo thuris, unguentum aureum, Me●uae, unguentum fuscum Ni●olai, croceum, Te●rapharmacum, etc. Lastly, to the Cicratrize, with such as, gallae immaturae, mirthus, malicorium, squamma aeris, Chalciteos, aerugo, scoria plumbi, stibium, ceratum mirthinum, cadmia cr●mata, cerussa, pompholygos, thutia, bolus armenus, ●erra sigillata, plumbum ustum: or, unguentum alb. Rhasis, etc. And if pain much solicit the cure, strive to mitigate the same, with a stuphe wet in the white of an egg, and oil of Roses, or with unguentum Populeon, or any such other medicines mitigatorie.  

ANNOTATIONS.  
ᵃ And enclosed with a membran.  
ᵇ Here, though I have not followed● the words of Wecker, yet by the light of sense, and evidence of Aegineta, I have aimed nearer the truth.  
ᶜ (As you would say) linty properties, including plageats, dozelles, or any such forms, as the Ch●●urgion useth to dress up a hollow wound.  
ᵈ Or pulu. praecipitati, or such other practice as all common points are ●uer referred to the artistes judgement.  
ᵉ Struma is called of the barbarous sort, scrofula, 
Queen's evil.  and englished the Kings or Queen's evil, being commonly cured by the hand of the Prince, and otherwise therefore, seldomer striven withal among us.   

Supply.  

Glandula after Guido.  HItherto may be also reduced, the Tumour called Glandula, which is like a little kernel, soft, movable and separate from the parts round about it: growing commonly in the emunctories. It is cured by artificial incision, or the like resolving, and outspending medicines, as other like tumours: or, R●●. nucum cupressi, ʒ. j. ficus acerbas, iij. misceantur cum succo sambuci, and apply it: Else, ammoniacum in aceto acerrimo eliquatum: or, empl●strum de bdellio: or the medicines used to Ganglion, which tumour also, for supply sake, may here be ranged: though not for likeness of generation and place: yet for agreeableness of proportion and cure. Ganglium, 
Ganglium.  is a concretion, or knotty growing upon some sinew, or tendon: the place is commonly the wrist of the hand, & instep or ankle of the foot. It cometh of some stroke: or extreme labour and strain of the parts: 
Lively 7. ca●●.  through which slimy phlegm or, (as fernel) natural melancholy: or yet (perhaps more rightly) the viscous nourishment of the tendon, and panniculous parts (partly pressed out by the present violence: partly, afterward excerned through resolution of the bruised places) gathereth there together, and wanting cure, in time, compacteth, and groweth to hardness. Calmeteus often cured it, 
Lively 1. ca 13  by rubbing it often with spittle only. Howbeit, in others, he hath used this process of cure. Rec. fol. sambuci, P.j. salis modicum, masticentur simul, and chaff the Ganglium therewith, till there be no juice or moisture left: then anoint it with this unguent. Rec. mucilaginis altheae, lini & faenugraeci, ana. ℥ two ol. chamom. lilior. & irini, ana, ℥ three ol. sambuci, ℥ two coquantur ad consm. mucilaginum, postea add, gummi ammoniaci, bdellij, opoponacis, & sagap. in aceto dissol. ana, ℥. j s●. axungiae anseris & anatis, an. ℥. i axungiae suillae veteris salis expertis, ●i. ss. medullae ●ruris vituli & cerui, ana, ʒ. x. spumae maris, ℥. ss. fiat unguentum. Aplaster: Rec. empl. oxycrocei, ℥. i muccaginis altheae, lini & faenugraeci, ana ʒ. v euphorbij, sagapeni, ammoniaci, ana, ℥ three resinae, ʒ. uj. cerae albae, ʒ. iij. dissoluantur gummi in aceto, fiatque emplast. When Ganglium by these means, is softened, upon the fresh removing of the plaster, whilst the place is yet warm, fix your thumb upon it, and with fine force, crush it in sunder, and bind laminam blumbi, rubbeth over cum mercurio, upon the place, for ix. or x. days. Nodus is the like knotty formed gathering, 
Causes & ●●gnes.  
Nodus.  as Ganglium, growing any where without the joints, and kernellie places: as sayeth Fernelius loc. cit. It is cured by the like resolving and discutient medicines, as those others aforesaid. The Arabians, and their sectaries are yet full gorged, with needless names, and differences of Tumours, which (wishing for a Hercules,) I will not touch.    

CHAP. XII. Of Atheroma, Steatoma, and Meliceris.  
ATheroma, is a Tumour void of pain, 
Def.  or change of colour, containing in the membran, or some sinewy coat, a clammy humour, 
a sometime it is as starch, sometime thicker, sometime mixed with heres, fragments of bones, pieces (as it were) of brimstone, or such other matter.  like a pulteis made of sodden meal. Meliceris is a Tumour in like sort void of pain, but round, and containing in a sinewy coat, a thin humour representing the substance of Honey.  
Steatoma, is likewise a Tumour in colour nothing differing from other parts: soft in feeling, small in the beginning, but much enlarging and increasing in process of time: the humour it containeth is like suet, and is also enclosed in his proper membran.  
The inward cause is Phlegmatic, humour, which the signs of phlegm abounding in the body, 
Causes & signs.  will declare● outward causes● befalls, strokes, surfeiting, drunkenness, etc. which may be descried by the patiented. you shall acknowledge atheroma ● by that it is a tumour lying longwise and somewhat high ridged, and which being printed in with the finger, returneth slowly to his form again, by reason of the humours clamminesse● also melliceris is discerned by his roundness & thinner substanced humour, then that in atheroma: being (as is said before) like honey, and this tumour being pressed with the finger, both yieldeth back speedily, and also returneth as hastily to his old fashion again. But Steatoma contrariwise, is hard, resisting in feeling, and giving no place to the fingers pressing it, the humour being indeed suet like.  

Prog.  Meliceris is to be dealt with by discutients, corrosives, and incision. Atheroma with corrosive medicines & incision only. But Steatoma, no other way then by incision. 
Cure.  For the abating of the antecedent cause, set down the same diet, that before is appointed in Oedema. Then prepare the humour, 
Outward means.  
Inward mea●es.  with syr● acetosus, de bizantijs, de hissopo, de duobus radicibus, de quinque radicibus, de stechade, oxy saccharum, mel. ros. co●atum, oxymel simplex, oxymel scylliticum: of these, as shallbe thought good, given with waters appropriate, as, de betonica, hissopi, faeniculi, saluiae, melissae, primulae veris. So afterward make your purge of semen ●arthami, polypodium, agaricum etc. Or if stronger be required, Colocynthis, Turbith, esula, euphorbium, elleborus albus etc. These also you have ready compounded, Diaphaenicum, Indum maivi, Elect. diacarthami, elect. de citro sol. Against Pill. de agari●o, pil. Chochiae, fetidae, de benedicta, pil. arthreticae, pill. de opoponaco, de euph●rbio etc. 
Outward ●●●nes.  Now if the conjoined cause be meet for resolution, discuss the same with these plasters. The first: R●c. rad. cyclaminis, q.s. axungiae veteris, sulphu●is vivi, ana, part. j contundantur & fiat emplastrum. 2. ●. Rec passul. enucleat●rum, n.xx. squammae, ℥. ss. misce. 3. ●. R●c. passularum enucleat. li.j. cumini triti, ℥ vi nitri, ℥ three contundantur & misceantur. 4. ●. Rec. salis ammonia●i, spumae arg. cerussae, ●na, li. j cerae, terebentinae, galbani, opoponacis, ana, ℥. i rubricae sinopicae, ℥ uj ace●i ℥. vij.ss. misce. If they will not be resolved, consume them with eating medicines: as with a plaster made ex calce, sapone & lixivio: or, Rec. calcis vivae, ℥. ss. faeculae vini combustae, nitri liquidi tosti, ana, ʒ. ij minij ʒ. j. cum lixivio ●iat empl.: or, Rec. squammae aeris, ℥ ss. arsenici rubri. ʒ.ij. ellebori nigri, ʒij. cum rosaceo fiat empl. or, Rec. ●rynaceorum ustorum, testae sepiae, auri pigmenti, ana, part● aequales: cum rosaceo fia● empl. Apply your plaster and make a deep escar: then make incision directly through the midst of it, even to the quick, putting after into the place of the incision, arsenicum sublimatum, or one of the caustics aforesaid. El●e, if you choose rather, to accomplish the matter by incision, then by the co●rse of eating medicines, now delivered: then must your incision be after the form of a Mirt leaf, and sl●opewise: s● that no nerve, vein, or ●●erie underlying may receive 〈◊〉 ● unless the tumour be in the 〈◊〉 or such places, in which, the incision must be overthwart, because of the doubling or pleating of the skin, in those places, whilst the parts be moved. And so the very purse or bladder, wherein the humour is lodged, must be wholly taken out, jest the same affect eftsoons revive again. The blood that issueth while the bladder is rooting up, is to be stayed, with applying a sponge dipped in ox●crato: or the white of an egg, mixed with astringent powders: and ever in such kinds of operations, medicines that assuage pain are to be used: as the white of an egg, with rose oil. If there hap to remain any part of the bladder of it, waste it away after, by corrosive medicines: such as unguentum AEgiptiacum, or the powder of Mercury.   

Of Melancholic Tumours. CHAP. XIII. Of the true, or legitimate Scirrhus.  

Def.  THE legitimate scirrus, is a tumour very hard, and voided of pain: nevertheless, not altogether insensible. It is engendered of the natural melancholic humour. The inward cause is melancholic juice, 
Causes & sins.  gathered in the body, by reason that the Spleen hath not well performed his office in draining it. And this is the antecedent cause, acknowledged by the signs of Melancholy.  
The conjoined is, when the same melancholic juice is impacted (now) in the part affected. The outward cause is, evil regiment of life, that engendereth and heapeth up thick and melancholic blood, which by the patiented his relation is understood The tumour is hard, and stiffly resisting: the colour, mean, betwixt read and black as it were brown, or swartish colour. The sense or feeling of the place, dull.  

Pro●.  Scirrhous tumours, in the beginning, appear small, but in process of time, by little & little, they are increased, & become greater: these melancholic tumours, if they be well handled, are cured by resolution: sometime they continued indurate: and many times degenerate into a Cancer. For the cure of this tumour: 
Cure.  first, provide for the melancholic humour, abounding in the body, & being the antecedent cause of the same, by diet: 
Diet.  as, providing for a temperate air, the sleep longer than accustomed, moderate exercise, solluble belly, & tranquility of mind. Let the bread be of wheat meanly salted & leavened, but well baked. Let his meat be rear eggs, chicken, hen, capon, Indian Peacock, partriche, pheasant, quail, young kid, veal, Wether's flesh etc. Also, spinach, lettuce, borage, bugloss, hops. His drink, wine, both thin & sweet smelling: being wary to avoid all immoderate exercise, excessive affections of the mind, as carefulness, sadness, etc. watching, cou●se or brannie bread, beef, goats flesh, hare's flesh, foxes, snails, & salted meats. Of potherbe● shun coleworts, and of pulse, most of all lintels: & all gross wines, & read. To conclude: let the whole order of his diet be sober & moderate. The diet thus appointed: if you spy the blood to be very thick & black, & no other impediment stand in the way, open a vein, then prepare the humour, with medicines heating and moistening. as with this apozeine: 
Def.  
Inward ●eanes.  Rec. rad. & fol. lapathi acuti, rad. & fol. buglossae, boraginis, funariae, herbarum capil. come. cichorojs, endiviae, rostri porcini, lupulorum ana, m.j. melissae, m.ss. 4 sem. frig. ma. contusorum, ana.ʒ.ij. sem. portulacae, ʒij. anisi, faeniculi, ana. ʒj. passularum mundat. ʒ.uj polypody ℥ j senae. ℥. i ss. thymi, epithimi, ana, ʒ. ij. florum violarum boraginis, buglossae, ana, P.j. fiat decoctio, in colaturae li.ij. dissolve, succi pomorum odorif. succi buglossae, ana, ℥ four boil them again to li.j. ss. & with sufficient quantity of sugar make your apozeine. Clarify the same after, & aromatize it cum pulueris diamargar. frig. & diatrag. frig. ana, ʒj. use it at iiij. doses. Either may you for that purpose use syrups: as, de fumaria, buglossa, boragine, en●iuia, cichorio sine rhabarbaro, epithemo● scolopendria &c. oxysacchara etc. else one thus compounded Rec. syr. de fumaria, syr. de buglossa, vel endivia, syr. de scolopendria, sir, de epithimo, ana, ℥ j ss. aquarum lupuli, aquarum ●ichorij, ana, ℥ uj pul. santal. mosc. cinamomi, ana, ʒ. j. fiat sir. clarify and aromatize it, for iiij. doses. The humour thus made ready, craveth ou● purging, by these means ensuing: as simple medicines: sena, epithimum, polipodium, fumus terrae, lupulus, volubilis, cassia fistula, mirabolani indi, lapis lazuli, eleborus niger, etc. Compounds are, Diasena, diacatholicum, hiera ruffi, etc. Triphera persica, etc. confectio hamech. Or, Rec. sennae orient. ʒ.ij. rhubarb. oped. ℈ four cinamomi, gr. v. infundan●ur in ℥ four seri caprini, & exprimantur, add syr. violacei, ℥. i f●at potio. Stronger ones: Rec. diacatholiconis, Tri ferae persi●ae, ana, ʒ. iij. diasennae sol. ʒ.ij rhabarbari in aqua endiviae infu●i, & expressi, ʒ. j. cinamomi, gr. iiij. ●quarum lupul & endiviae, an. ℥ ij. mis●e fi●t po●io. Another: Rec. confect●l●a n●ch. diasennae sol. ana, ʒ. ij. mannae granatae, ℥. i medullae cas●iae, ʒ. v. aquae cichoriae, aquae fum●riae, an. ℥ two decoct. thimi, & epithimi & 4. sem. frig. ℥ iij fiat potio. As for the melancholic juice, gathered into the affected part, being the cause conjoined: that must be sauftened, separated and discussed, by all good means, 
Outward means.  to which purpose serveth: O●sypus, lana succida, butyrum, ol. amigdalarum, ol. chamomaelinun, anethinum, liliorum, etc. adeps gallinaceus, vulpis, anserinus, ●axi, ana●inus, ursi, suillus, leo●is, aquilae, vulturis, medulla vituli, cerui, etc. mu●ilagines, propolis, cera, ca●i●ae pingues, malua, althaea, lilium, branch● ursina, ammoniacum, bdellium, g●lbanum, styrax, pix liquida, resina, etc. Rec. caricarum ping. xii. coquantur & tevantur, addendo ammoniaci, bdellij, galbani, in aceto dissolus. ana, ℥ two styracis liquidae, ℥. i mucillag. all th●ae, f●n●graci & sem. lini. ana, ℥ two Oesypi, butyri recent. ana, ℥. i ol. ricini, vel sesamini, v●l li●iorum, ℥ three c●rae, q.s. fia● emplastrum or, R●c. rad. lilio●  & al●heae coctarum & cont●sarum, ana, li.ss. adipis lupi, aquilae, vul●uris, ana● ℥ three adipis anseris & gallinae ana. ℥ two ol. I asmini vel samb●cini, cerae, propoleos, ana, qs. fia● empl. Another: Rec. muccaginis rad. altheae● medij cort. ulmi. mucil●g. sem. lini, & ●aenugraeci ana, ℥ four ol. chamomelini, anetini, liliorum, ana, ℥. i ammoniaci, galbani, opoponacis, sagapeni, in aceto dissolu●orum, ana, ℥. ss. te●ebynthinae, ℥ ij. croci ʒ. ij. cerae, ℥ ●ij. ss. fia● emplast. Another plaster: Rec. stereoris asinini li. ●s. ammoniaci in aceto dissoluti, ℥ four ladani puri, masticis, ana, ℥ three axungiae anatis, galli●ae, ana, ℥ two ol. mastichini, cheirini, ana ℥. ij.ss. cerae q.s. fiat ●mplastrum. An unguent: Rec. rad. genistae, hyperici, fol. cupressi, & scrophulariae s●ccorum, ana, ʒ. v. lithargirij auri● ℥ j mucilag. sem. lini & faenugraeci, ana, ℥ two ●l. v●lpini & liliorum ana, ℥ four ce●ae q.s. aceti parum fiat unguent. Another: Rec. ammoniaci, b●ell●, in sapa diss●lus. ana● ℥ three mirrh●, thuris, o●ibani, ana, ℥. i pingued● anguillae, gallinae, & aqui●ae, ana, ℥. i adipis vituli, ℥ j ●s. olei antiqui & liliorum, ana, ℥ three cerae, q. ●. aquae vitae parum, fiat unguent. An Epithem: Rec. ●ad. cucumeris agrestis, rad. alth●ae, ana, ℥ ij. maluae, branchae ursinae, ana, P.j. sem. lini & faenugraeci, ana, ℥ ij. fiat decoctio, & therewith foment the place.  
After coque in aceto sa●ureiam, & cast of the same acetum, super lapi● emmolarem made hot in the fire, and let the vapour thereof be received of the place affected. And again also by course, use your mollifying & discutient medicines, as teacheth AEtius out of G●len.   

Of Cancer not ulcerate. Cap. xiv.  

Def.  
Def.  CAncer is a hard, unequal, round, & venomous tumour, hot, black of colour, suddenly increasing, very vexing to the patiented, & almost with perpetual pain afflicting, called in Greek Carcinoma. The antecedent cause being melancholic humour abounding in the body, is spied out by the partie● melancholic temperature, & diet: Also by conjecture of the time of the ye●e, declining age, etc. The conjoined cause is melancholic juice, 
Causes & signs.  contained in the part affected, & appearing with a hard & resisting, unequal, swartish or brown tumour, swelled & exalted veins, in the compass round about● like the Cancer that falleth into the throat. The patiented feeleth about the place affected certain jerks, (as it were) a soudiane pricking. Sometime again, it is heavy & dull of sense.  

Cure.  
Prog.  The thicker & blacker that the humoris, so much the worse is the affect. This disease can grow in any part of the body, but especially about the face, ears, lips, & women's breasts, that lack their natural course. It is of his whole nature, a grievous & pernicious disease. It is hardly at any time healed, through the thickness of his juice, which in deed, can neither be repelled, nor discussed, nor yet be spent away by purgation of the whole body. But rather very often, of a not ulcerate Cancer, it becometh ulcerate: either whilst the humour, lurking in the vessels, in space of time doth putrify: or else the affect itself being provoked, & set on mischief by medicines, unadvisedly ministered. Only those Cancers, that be in the most outmost parts of the body, receive curation: but those that have gotten deeper lodgings admit no cure. The Cancer likewise that is inveterat, and now confirmed, admitteth not curation: otherwise then by rooting up the same with incision or burning. Cancers for the most part, light upon those men, which have been accustomed to hem●hoi dal purging, & have now lost the benefit of the same.  
First, to buckle with the antecedent cause, 
C●●●.  you must provide both for the prohibiting of the generation of melacholie, throughout the whole body● as for the manifest evacuation of the same, if it be abundant. Appoint your rule of diet therefore moistening, 
Diet.  and also meetly cooling: his meat of good juice, as barley cream, mountain birds, fish of stony ri●ers, rear eggs. His herbs, mallows, arage, betes, spinach, gourd, borage, etc. wine thin and delayed, avoiding salt and sharp meats, and all that gender melancholic juice. Seeing also that the whole diet be spare, and moderate. It is good to open a vain, specially if the blood appear black and thick, and the age and strength agreed thereto: or if the menstruous course or hemorrhoids have been suppressed before fifty years of age.  

Inward ●eanes.  Then prepare, and concoct the humours, with that apozem prescribed in the curation of Scirrhus: adding moreover to it, acetosae, m.j. ss. sem. acetos●e, serici crudi, ana, ℥. i corticum citri, sem. citri, ana, ʒ. uj tamarindorum. ℥. j coquantur in aqua decoctionis ranarum viridum dicoct●oni misce, succi mali punici maturi, suc, ros suc. pomorum odoratorum, ana, ℥ three aceti passulati, li.ss. zacchari q. s fiat syr. perfectè coctus, ad li.ij. Use the same with whey for five or six days. The syrup likewise set down before in Scirrhus, is fit in this case. The humour thus prepared, purge out with hiera ruffi, pillulae indae, confectio hamech, diasenna, etc. or this: Rec. storum violarum, storum boraginis, buglossae, an. p.j. epithimi ʒ. iij. senae, ℥. ss mac●rentur per decem hora●, in ℥ four seri lactis, then strain it, and add to, syr. violati, ℥ j ss. dia●rimorum sol. ʒ.ij. fiat potus. Rec. fumariae, m.j. sennae, epithimi, ana, ʒ. iij florum ro●ismar. p.ij. infundantur in ℥ iiij. seri lactis, & ijs expressis, dissolve, rhubarb. in aqua b●raginis infusi, ʒ. j. cinamomi, gr. iiij. mannae, ℥. i.ss● cassiae, ʒ. vi. fiat potio. besides this course of purging, it is convenient also, to provide this electuaries for the further consumption and driing up of the matter, by little and little: Rec. pul. cancrorum, ℥ four pul. limacum, pul. ranarum, an. ℥. ij● cortic. citricondit. ℥. ss. rasurae eboris, ossis de cord cerui, ana, ʒ. iij. xylobalsami, ligni aloes, ●antali mosc. corallirub. limaturae chalybis ana, ʒ. ij. sem. acetosi, sem. citri. sem. endiviae, ana, ʒ. j. ambrae. ʒ.ss. conserua boraginis, buglossae, anthos, ana, ℥ two aquae melissa & tormen●●llae, ana, ℥. ij.ss. fiat electuarium. Hereof let the patients be taking every hour as much as he listeth● and in all your purging, observe this rule, that you prepare the humour often, and so purge gently and by little and little, not at once nor abundantly. The antecedent cause thus tamed, lay your siege to the conjoined, with all such engines, as may both scatter all the force of it, in the member contained, as also hearten and confirm the part against all the new invasions of humoral hostilitye. To the which business, these simples are assistant: solanum, ceterach, agrimoni●●, hypericum, cen rum galli, succus coriandri, lentes in aceto coctae, carnes coclearum, elixae, can●ri fluuia●iles, ranae virides, ster●us humanum, plumbum ustum & elo●●m, ol. ran●rum, ol. sulph●●is. Usual compounds also are these: ung. de pomphol●ge, ung de cancris fluuiati●ibus, cum a●ūg. gallina & thutia, & diapalma. Les usual are these: Rec. succi plantagin●●, ℥ .v. suc●i solani, aut vermic●laris, succi symphyti minoris, ana, ℥. ij●ss. olei ros. ompha●ini, ℥ three In the heat of the sun stir these well together, in a mortar of lead, till it become thick as glue. Another: Rec. boli armeni, terrae sigillatae, ana, ℥. i lapidis calaminaris, cerussae lotae, ana, ℥. ss. thutiae preparaiae, marcas●ae, ana. ʒ.iij. pull. ranarum viridium, pul. coclearum, in clybano exi●catarum, ana, ʒ. iij. lythargyrij au. ʒ.ij. ol. ros. omphacim, ℥ iij ol. ranarum, ℥. i ss. ace●i, ℥ two albuninun ovorum. not ij. cerae qs. coniundantur diu, in mortario plumbeo, & fiat unguentum. Another: Rec. litharg●rij loti, cerussae lotae, thu●iae preparatae, ana, ℥. i plumbi in vino loti, ℥ two o●● ros. ℥ vi aquae ros. ℥ three ac●ti, ℥ j alb. ovorum, no.ij. c●rae albae, ℥. i ss. caphurae, ℈. i fiat unguentum. A lineament to the same purpose: Rec. Testarum can●r●rum fluuia●i●ium, ustarum, ℥. i pul. ranarum, ʒ●iij. litharg. auri. ℥. i plumbi usti & loti, thu●ie preparatae, an. ʒ.ij. ceruss●e, in aq. ros. lotae, ʒ. j. ss. suc. bursae pastori●, & plantag. an. ℥. iij.ss. ol. ros omphac●ni, vel mirthini, ℥ four stir them long in a leaden mortar, and make a lineament. The force of your medicines is to be quickened or rebated according to the greatness of the affect, 
Canons.  & temperature of the part, again the times of the disease must be considered● for in the beginning, and in time of purging, your local medicines must beaten back, in the augmentation, and when some reasonable purging hath been, you must both beat back and discuss. in the state and declination, and when the whole body hath been purged, then absolutely those things that discuss and spend it away the part affected being also thus provided for, it is further necessary to use means for the strengthening of the heart, and liver: which scape not scotfree, at the hands of so great an enemy, but feel annoyance: though the same come to them (as it were) at the second hand. For the better arming therefore, of those noble parts, make this electuary: 
Cordials:  Rec. confectionis de hyacin●ho, ℥ j ss. confectionis alchermes, ʒ. iij. conseruae rosarum, conseruae radicum buglossae ana, ℥. i syr. de p●mis, q.s. fiat elect. Of which electuary, let the patient take four times in a week, two hours before his meal, the value of a nut, drinking upon it a little good wine, delayed with bugloss water. or these lozenges also you may apply to that purpose, at your liking, Rec. fragmentorum lapidum pretiosorum, ana, ℈ two margari●●●●●m praepara●arum, ʒ. j. coralli rubri, coralli albi, ●na, ʒ●ss. sem. endiviae, sem ci●ri, sem. portulacae, ana, ℈ four limaturae eboris, ℈ two santali mosc. ʒ.j. ss. mirabolanorum emblic condi●. cortic. ci●ri zaccharo conditi ana, ʒ. ij. mosci, ambrae, ana, gr. vi. zacchari albissimi, in succo pomorum diss●luti q.s. fiant tabulae. which the patiented shall use every morning daily. in the mean time if there happen any furious motion, or pain in the plate which breedeth extraordinary disquietness, 
To appea● pain.  mitigate the same with this unguent, Rec. olei ros. ℥ four sem. papaveris albi, ℥. j sem. hyosciami, opij, ana, ʒ. ss. gummi arabi. ℥. si. cerae parum, miscefiat unguentum.   

Of the Tumours in particular: And first of those that be incident to the head. CHAP. XV. Of water in the head of a child.  
THis Tumour, called Hydrocephalus, happeneth in the head of an infant, newly borne, being of water, enclosed between the skull and the skin.  

Causes & signs.  The inward cause is waterish humour outsweating, by reason of the openness of the pores. outward cause, unskilfulness of the midwife, not cunningly pressing the head of the child. If it be between the outer skin and the skull, the tumour is sauft, of a like colour, sometime without pain, and sometime painful, outswelled, & yielding easily to the pressing of the fingers, etc. if it be between the skull & the membrane of the brain, then is not the tumour sauft, and easily pressed in with the finger. but the pain is sharper, they shed tears often, their forehead bouncheth out further: they look winking with their eyes, and move their heads diversely.  

Prog.  If so be the disease be gathered, & lurk under the skull, then as a desperate case apply no hand unto it. For the spending of that waterish humour, 
Cure.  see that the child in diet, use d●ying things, avoiding the contrary. Also let it live thinly, 
Diet.  drink little, & be kept solluble, etc. Medicines wasting the humour & strengthening the part, are of this sort: calamenthum, ●riganū, pulegium, serpillum, saluia, betonica, sauin●, chamom. melilotum, stachal, flores anthes, anethum, rosae, furfur. with these boiled in lee, or sour wine, may you make means to moisten & bathe the head. also lineaments & plasters for the purpose, as followeth: 
Outward means.  Rec. pul. absinthij, pul. chamomillae, p●l. melilo●i, an. ℥ ij bu●y●i recentis, olei chamomelini, an. ℥ four cerae parum, fiat linimentum. Another: Rec. ol. chamomillae, vel anethini, ℥ four sulphuris, ℥. j fiat lineament. Wherewith twice a day anoint the head of the child, & cover it with lana succida. A plaster: Rec. mellis li ss. origani, m.j. ss. salis, ℥. ss. ●isce fiat emplaest. The chirurgeons hand is not, so safely to be used in this case● nevertheless if it be thought necessary, 
Calm.  
Manual operation  then must the incision be made according to the quantity of the matter. Some make incision from the hinder part to the fore part, 
a Diameter is a line, dividing any figure just in the midst.  diameter wise. Othersome in cutting, make a triangle: Others again do it in fashion of a cross, but howsoever it be done, observe this steadfastly, that the water be let out but by little and little, jest the strength of the infant fail: and as for caustike medicines, which are sometimes used in steed of incision, they seem not so safe, or allowable in this case: for the dearness of the brain, etc. amongst the rest, the part affected which is the head, must be strengthened with driing and warming medicines. as this, in form of a pomander. Rec. castorei, rutae, ana, parts equales, mosci, gr. aliquot: cum succo maioranae make your Pomander, which often apply to the infant's nose● you may use to the same purpose, Cyperus, galanga, nux muscata, caryophilla, belzoin, and such like.  

ANNOTATION.  
ᵃ Diameter is a line, dividing any figure just in the midst.    

Supply. CHAP. XVI. Struma and nodus in the head.  
THese particulars, for their antecedent cause are so to be provided for, as before is put down in the general. observing in purging, to use most specially pills, 
Calm. li. 1. Cap. xx.  which through their long abode in the stomach, do draw from far. If the matter you would purge be cold, use these: pil. alephanginae, pil. de hiera, pil. assaieret, de agarico, cocciae, arabicae, or aggregativae: or if it be hot, these: pill, de rhabarbaro, de mir abol. pil. aureae, assaieret, aggregative, or defumaria. if it may be resolved, or else, if it must needs be suppurated, proceed in either purpose with local medicines, as is also in the general. observing, that when the tumour cometh to matter, you procure vent so soon as is possible: lest it corrupt the bone. Now if the bone be foul, then is the cure the same, as in the corruption of the bone, thorough the french disease. In both which if the corruption be but small in compass, deal with it by incision and mundification, ex melleroes. terebinthina, pulvere ireos, myrrhae, thuris: according to that is handled hereafter in the fracture of the skull: consuming the putrefied flesh (if there be any) with merc. praecipit, or other such, ordinarily practised in the curing of ulcers. But if the corrupted bone be very large in compass, some counsel to leave the cure to his prognostication: notwithstanding, I always deem a doubtful cure worthy to be prescribed to a desperate forsaking: so that a christian resolution be first stood upon by the patiented, and his friends: and then, ripe judgements with an expert hand, applied to the business. By which manner of proceeding, that we may (at the least) sometime do great cures, Calmetius even himself, that doubteth so much, giveth great hope: in declaring that he took out the whole coronal bone once, and cured yet the party safely. Not less also are we in this confirmed, by the practice of Arcaeus and ●●tallus, as appeareth by manifold testimonies, in their treatises of wounds in the head. Go forward therefore, to take away whatsoever nature hath separated as unprofitable, so that you do it still, with such moderation as you may appear, to follow nature always at the heels, but not to go before her one step. which you shall do (if you find the bone largely putrefied) by taking away, not all at once, but piece after piece, as nature supplieth flesh in the room thereof. If the bone corrupted be in one entire piece, so that the removing thereof at once, should be dangerous, for the sudden alteration of the brain by the air (which is the doubt & the case that Calm. remembereth) then shall you work safest, either to break away the same pecemeale, if it will easili break, or else to bore it, in divers places, & ever after, as by your medicines, flesh groweth about it, to bre●ke it of further: till so at the length, you have removed the whole. your medicines in the mean time, applied to the hard membrane, must be such, as are set down in the wounds of the head: except only there be exceeding foulness in the same, with superfluous flesh, & thick matter abounding: in which case, you are rather to reach into the cure of ulcers, for some mundificative: or else apply praecipitate, 
De vul. ●. 2. cap. 8.  of Arcaeus preparation: which he warranteth, then appliable, to the hard membrane itself. & this is the order of it: Rec. Praecipitati merc. ʒ.i j agitetur paululum pistilo, in mortario stanneo, cum aquae ros. ℥. i Afterward pour forth the water, and set the mortar to the fire, till the powder be dried, and again put in like quantity of water and do as before. If you perceive great quantity of matter gathered, or fallen between the skull and hard membran, appoint the patiented three or four times a day closing his mouth and nostrils, to strain his breath hard: that so, by the enlarging of the brain & membran, the matter under the skull may be excluded. In which case also (if you see it good) you may bring in use th● decoction of Guaiacum.   

CHAP. XVII. Of Psydracia.  
THese are hard whitish pustules, which yield out matter by pressing, or they are little swellings in the head like bushes, exceeding the top of the skin,  
They are manifest to the eye, and are known of what offending humour they take their original, by the like notes expressed in Alopecia. And the humoral cause hereof once detected, contend (first) to the taking of it away, by the instruments and means delivered in alopecia. Then apply the affected part itself, with dispearsinge and drying medicines: such as are, Nux cypressi, sulphur, cerussa, lithargyrum, Nitrum, Acatia, gallae, hypocystis, ossa myrabolanorum, malicorium, gallia moschata, Oleum rosatum, acetum, etc.  
Of compound things, some be usual, some less usual, the usual for this purpose, are unguentum Enulatum, & unguentum Citrinum. Others be of this sort, Recipe spumae argenti, cerusae, ana, ℥ ss. aluminis, ℥ two fol. rutae viridium, ʒ. ij. olei mirtini, aceti, ana, q. s misce, fiat unguentum. Another: Recipe rutae, aluminis, mellis, ana, q.s. misce, fiat unguentum. Wherewith anoint the head, it being first shaven. A third: Rec. spumae arg. cerusae, an. ℥. i ss. sulph. vivi. ℥. i cerati my●thini, qs. misce. A fourth: Rec. rad. enulae. rad. lapathij, an. q.s. boil them in vinegar, & mix them cum axungia.   

CHAP. XVIII. Lippitudo: Inflammation of the eyes.  

Def. Ophthalmiae Causes & signs.  LIppitudo, is an inflammation of the Coat, or membran of the eye, called Adnate. it proceedeth sometime of humours, sometime of 
a Hereof may come distension, and so pain, as a symptom in Ophthalmia, but we can give it no place among the proper causes of Ophthalmia, and the Author afterward saith enough against it.  flatuous spirits. of humours: as blood, choler, 
Cure.  
b Neither phlegm nor melancholi● can thus 'cause an inflammation: I deny not bu● the blood with these may be qualified (as in such compl.) yet thereof it followeth not that they should be causes of the inflammation. Else why are all the Tumours of phlegm and melancholy before, shut out of the Catalogue of inflammations. And like wise the inflammations derived from other Fountains, than Phlegm, Melancholy, or wind.  Phlegm or Melancholy. Of blood thorough the abundance of it (testified by redness of the face, and of the membran Adnata) by largeness of the veins, sense of heaviness, and unaptness of the body to accustomed actions. The tears that issue, not sharp or fretting also the complexion, year time, region, age, or diet hot & moist: of choler the signs are these: no fullness of the whole body, sharp and fretting tears, so as not only the corners of the eyes, but even the cheeks whereon they fall are fret and exulcerate by them: 
Calm.  
c Rather anger and furious hastiness.  sadness, care, hot diet going before, & complexion choleric. 
d Regard the causes and Signs following, as the two notes afore do give you occasion.  tokens of Phlegm are great heaviness or unaptness, littl● redness in the tunicle, or face, complexion, age, region, year time, Diet cold and moist. of melancholy: swart colour in the face and membran, complexion, age, region, year time, Diet cold and dry. Now if flatuous spirits be in cause, you shall find the tunicle Adnata extended, as if it would break, and with pain: but few or no tears, no dullness of senses, no fretting nor heat 
e If there be no heat, what kind of inflammation is it?  of the eye. 
Prog.  if the Phlegm be dry and withered, or the tumour large and dry, and without pain, there is speedy recovery. Contrariwise, abundance of hot tears, little matter, small tumour, and that in one eye. or again, hot tears, with white moist matter and safety Tumour, betoken slow recovery. If the matter begin to be white and safety, and mingled with tears, or have invaded both the eyes at once, there is danger of Ulcers. If the Tumour be great, dry, and painful, it commonly exulcerateth. and sometime in that case it happeneth, that the eyelid groweth to the eye.  

●ure.  The inflammation being of blood, let the patient's order of diet be cooling and drying: to wit: his air such, his lodging somewhat dark: sleep moderate, his meat cooling, and of little nourishment, his drink barley water, 
Diet.  boiled with Coriander seeds, prepared. Keeps his belly lose, and his body and mind in rest. And for the quantity both of his meat and drinks see that it be small enough, in the beginning of the inflammation specially. Yea rather (by Celsus counsel) they should abstain from meat and drink, if it were possible, for the chiefest things in this case (sayeth he) is rest and abstinence.  
If the humour yet be flowing, dra● it otherwhither by blood letting, 
Conc. 63.  
Medicine.  in the middle vain of the cubit, or in the foot, on the same side. Use also frications to the inferior parts, binding the legs, and lose the belly. But in the time that the humour stayeth, and floweth no more● work by evacuation, as opening the humoral vain of the same ●yde, and emptying the same even to sounding: if the inflammation be great, the body strong, etc. Cuppinges also with scarifying, would be applied to the hinder part of the head. Your local medicines in the beginning, must be repellentes, and mitigatives of pain: as fomentation with warm water. Albus liquor ovi. lac mulieris iwenculae. Or a medicine compounded, ex lact mulieris, vitellis ovorum & ●rosaceo, all mixed together, which moderately repelleth, and wonderfully mitigateth pain. Or a cataplasm, ex papaverum capitib●● in aqua decoctis, & lini sem. fari●●, etc. In other times of the inflammation, digerent and discutient medicines: as decoctum faenig●aeci. If the humour be choler, the like diet as aforesaid, save more moistening, will serve, and for diminishing the quantity, as also for revulsion sake, if it abound mixed with the blood, open first the humoral vain, and after purge downward by medicines, thus ●irste altering and concocting it if it be crude. Recipe Syr. violacei, de papavere, nympheae, ana, ℥. ss. aquarum violarum, endive, lactucae, ana, ℥. j misceantur, & fiat syrupu●: and give the patiented the same many days togethers to the eye, in mean time applying, Albumen oui lac mulieris, aqua rosarumalb. cum candid●●ui liquore, the matter being concoct, purge first universally, cum cas●●a recent. ●racta: or manna cum tamarindorum decocto: or cum syrupo rosarum, made of many infusions, cum diacatholicone, and such other medicines. after come to such as do it particularly, as, fomentum ex aqua tepida, used often in the day, or Balnaeum aquae dulcis. Noting that in all these evacuations, there be due regard had of the quantities as also of your medicines: 
Ca●tion.  increasing or lessening, every thing, according to the multitude, strength, temperature, year time, etc. according to the vehemency of the affect, condition of the part, etc. If the caus● be 
Flegmatik cause.  Phlegm, let his air be hot, the place where he is, obscure: his sleep moderate, & nightly, his mind & body at rest, his belly daily loosed, his meat heating, of good nourishment, not vaporous, nor slow to concoct. his drink in the beginning, decoctum cinamomi, aq. m●●sa. but at other times thin wine w●●tered, etc. always observing that in quantity, he be very spare, specially in the beginning of the disease. The Diet thus appointed, consider if the blood be yet flowing, wherewith the phlegm is mixed, if it be, make revulsion, with blood letting in the middle vein of the cubit, frications and ligatures of the lower partest cuppinges, etc. but if it now stay, and ●lowe no more, first immediately empty the blood, by the humoral vain, and after purge the body: but preparing and concocting first, if the humour be crude, as with this Syrup: Recipe syr. de Bae●onica, Hyssopo, Staecade, ana, ℥ ●ss. aquarum Maioranae, Betonicae, Rorismarini, ana, ℥. i Mix them & make a syrup thereof, which yo● shall give the patiented, and repeat it many days. Or else this decoction: Rec. saluiae, betonicae, hyssopi, serpil● ana, m.j. quorum stachadoes, m.ss. rad faeni●. paeoniae, ana, ℥. i sem. Anisi Faeniculi, ammi, an. ʒ.j. nucis moscatae, Cinamomi, ana, ʒ. j misceantur & coquantur, usque ad consumptionem tertiae partis, deinde cole●ur, zaceharoque dulcis reddatur po●io, cui denique addantur syrupi de be●onica, ℥ iiij. Thus the matter being now concocted, evacuate first universally with medicines purging phlegm, taken by the mouth or belly: then also particularly, and insensibly, by way of resolution, as cum decocto faenigreci, or deco●to meliloti, & faenigreci, or a fomentation ex aqua ●epida, cum spongia applied. All which things must be guided for their quantity: varying or diminishing for the greatness of the affect, condition of the part time of the year, etc. And if this affect come of melancholy, proceed also by the same means, as against phlegm, save that in this, you must use medicines purging Melancholy.  

Supply concerning the symptoms.  

●ayne.  THere are Symptoms also in Ophthalmia not to be neglected, and especially pain, for which (if it be vehement) make a medicine ex pomo inter prunas cocto, vitello ovi, aqua ros. & lact muliebri, modice coctis, and apply it: Or else ex mica panis, in aqua rosarum, & lact muliebri infusa. Convenient also is, portulaca trita, & admota, or muccago sem. psyllij, & cydoneorum, in aqua rosarum, vel papaveris, vel eius decoct● extracta.  
If the pain be yet more raging, add to it, Succi Coriandri, & cerusae modicum, cum al●quot granis opij. Th● hurt of which astonishing medicine, you may afterward take away with a fomentation, ex decoctione chamomillae, meliloti, & faenugraeci. If Pus appear in the tunicle cornea, through long continuance of Ophthalmia, 
Matter upon Cornea.  that shall you wipe away cum trochiscis de thure, vel de mirrha.  

ANNOTATIONS.  
ᵃ Hereof may come distension, and so pain, as a symptom in Ophthalmia, but we can give it no place among the proper causes of Ophthalmia, and the Author afterward saith enough against it.  
ᵇ Neither phlegm nor melancholi● can thus 'cause an inflammation: I deny not bu● the blood with these may be qualified (as in such compl.) yet thereof it followeth not that they should be causes of the inflammation. Else why are all the Tumours of phlegm and melancholy before, shut out of the Catalogue of inflammations. And like wise the inflammations derived from other Fountains, than Phlegm, Melancholy, or wind.  
ᶜ Rather anger and furious hastiness.  
ᵈ Regard the causes and Signs following, as the two notes afore do give you occasion.  
ᵉ If there be no heat, what kind of inflammation is it?  
ᶠ These Prognostikes I take to be drawn from Corn. Celsus, lib. 6. ca 6. and then by this word, Phlegm, is meant the matter, the eye yieldeth in lippitudine: & so I have here translated it, in the Prognostikes following.  
ᵍ Calmetius also counseleth immediately after blood letting, to lay some plaster to the forehead and temples, to restrain the Fluxion: as made ex bolo arm. gallis, acatia, hypocistide, malicorio, ballast. aloe, thure, far. fabarum, Mixed come ovi albumine, vel muccagine gummi tragaganthi.  
ʰ Or this rather: Rec. aquae ros. ℥. ss. album. j ovi, lactis mulieris modicum, mix them together, a●d instill them● to this may you also add Muccag. sem. psyl●●j, & cydon. gummi tragag. & arabici. Else dissolve in Aqua ●os, collirium al●um Rhasis● sine opio.  
ⁱ Or Collirium album dissolved in aqua ros & lact. mulieris recens mulcta, or muccag. sem. cydon & fa●nigr. in aqua ros● extrahito, & addito lact, instillato. Caphura also may be added if the heat be great. After, to make a medicine more resolving, put to Tuthia praeparata: as thus: Recipe Muccag. cydon. in aqua ros. per decoct. extractae, ℥ iij lactis mulieris recens mulcti. ℥ j ●yr, ros. ℥. ss. in quibus dissolve collirij albi Rhasis sine opio, ʒ. ij. tuthiae praeparatae, ʒj. ss. zacchari candi. ʒ.j. myrabol. citr. ℈ ij. agi●entur & percolentur: hereto add caphurae, ℈ i If the heat be vehement. In the state let a Woman often, milk from her breast into the ey●: and further, Rec. Muccag cydon. & faenigreci, in aqua ros. extr. an ℥. j.ss. syr. ros. ʒ.j.ss. trochis. alb, sine opio, ʒ. ij. sarcocollae nutr. ʒ.ss. zacchari candi. ʒ.j.ss. fiat Colsyrium. In the declination, faenugraecum diligenter lotum in aqua hordei & rosarum coquito: and with that decoction foment the eye: applying then upon it while they be warm, Eggs hard sodden and lapte in a cloth. Else Recipe sarcocollae nutritae, ʒ. x. aloes ʒ. ij. myrrhae, ʒj. fiat pul. tenuiss. Whereof put into the eye: or rather, dissoluatur in aqua euphrasiae fiatque Collirium. In the end bathing is profitable, and drinking of good wine, to discuss the remnant of the humour.  
ᵏ Or like means as in the cause of blood, save for sharpness of the humour, or pain, which you must take away by purging (as here) and local medicines, as in the symptom of pain is set down hereafter.  
ˡ Consider of these things following, according to the former annotations, that I be not driven needelesly in every place, ●o cut off superfluities and inconuenien●●●e●●ers with particular annotations.     

CHAP. XIX. Supply. Epiphora, after some (perhaps) Opthalmia non vera, blear and watering eyes.  
EPiphora, 
Fernel Def.  (in this sense) is a thronging in of thin humours, (like tears) into the eyes, sometime inflaming the edges of the eye lids, but not the membran adna●a. The original thereof is commonly from the crown of the head, and mould: 
Causes & signs.  where under the skin, humours lightly resort out of the skull: which thence distilling down by pericranium into the adherent membran, do at length issue out into the eye. Other times they come from the interior veins of the head. The humour is sometime cold and plainly waterish, causing no pain, burning nor redness. And sometime again hot biting or salt, with pain, fretting, burning, and redness in the eye lids: whereof followeth itching and scabbedness. 
Pruritus Scabies.  The first being called xerophthalmia, the latter Psorophthalmia: this coming of a hot and sharp humour, the other of a salt and br●ckish: and this itch is called of many, sicca lippitudo. It is easily gotten by beholding other like sore eyes.  

Prog.  The cure of Epiphora being neglected, bringeth many times the Web in the eye. If scabbed or mattering eyes grow from infancy (as in some) it is in vain to attempt the cure. And if it come through the perishing of the flesh, 
G●no●●.  in the great corners of the eyes, it is hardly recoverable. If the humour flow by the interior veins, there is scarce (nay I may leave out scar●●) any hope of cure. That can be done, must be by abstinence, and often purging: by concocting the humours, and forthwith outpurging them by the stronger sorts of pills. If it flow by the exterior veins, being not of long continuance, and in a person of government: execute the universal parts of the cure, according as in Ophthalmia aforegoing. To the eye minister a colliery made ex pauco vitriolo, in mulsa aqua rosacea dissolute. Or this: Recipe aquae faeniculi, & euphrasiae, ana, ℥ two aquae rosarum, ℥. i tuthiae preparatae, ʒ. ij. vitriol. ro●nan. diligenter ●loti, ʒ. ss. sarcocollae nutritae in lact mulieris, ℈. i●●●loes.ʒ.ij.ss. zaccharicandi, syr. ros. ana, ʒ. ij. agiten●ur, & fiat collirium. Or, in case of itching and burning of th● eye: Recipe aquae rosarum vini albi, ana, ℥. i ss. aquae faeniculi, ℥ two succi limonum, ℥. ss. myrabol. citr. ●uthiae praeparatae, ana, ʒ. ss. aeruginis rasi●●, gr. v. caphurae, gr.ij. coquantur in vial vitrea ad tertias: so strain it, and hereof drop morning and evening into the eye. Again: Recipe aquae rosarum & faeniculi, ana, ℥. j● ss. vini albi, ℥ two sarcocollae nut●itae, thutiae praeparatae, aloes, myrrhae, ana, ʒ. ss. zacchari candi, ʒ. j. aeruginis rasilis gr. v. coquantur ad tertias, it being strained, instill a drop of it morning and evening: and it availeth not only in this case, but also cleareth the sight, and taketh away the spot or web, new growing. In the mean time, if the fluxion be too heady, and unruly, it shall be safe, to apply to the forehead, & temples, some restraining plaster, as either that, put down in the former Chapter of Ophthalmia, or else this lineament much commended of Montag. Rec. amyli, ʒ. j. ss. terrae sigillatae, ʒ. uj. tuthiae preparat. ℥ ●ss. seif memitae, ʒ. j. rosarum● spodij●●andal. rub. acaciae hypocistidos, ana●ʒ. ij. gummi arab. torres acti ℥ j succi plantag. succi consolidae ma. ana, ℥ three labour it long in a leaden mortar, with his pestle, & therewith anoint the forehead and temples twice a day, either cold or warm. If the disease be inveterate, or these means avail not, shave the forepart of the head, and apply to the crown, temples and forehead, some astringent and drawing plaster: as pr● Ruptura: or, Rec. pi●is, cor●icis thuris, boli arm. ros. rub● siccarum, gallarum, ana, ʒ. j. sem. berb●ris. suma●. Masticis, thuris, 
Rondel.  ana, ʒss. spicenardi, opij, ana ℈. j. incorporentur si●ul cum terebinth. ●iat 'em plastrum. Or this: if the tumour be cold: Rec. pi●is navalis, ℥ ss. masticis, thuris myrrh●e ana, ʒ. j. cype●i, spicae●ardi, schenanthi, rosarion. ana, ℈. i acaciae, licij. ana ʒ. ij. fiat ●mpl. incorporando cum terabynthina. If Licium may not be gotten, take double quantity of acaci●. Further, you may proceed to direct the humour by cupping, rubbings of the head towards the hinder part, and applying the seton in the neck: yea, some much commend the application of a cauterizing iron to the crown of the head: so as it be done to the very bone, that it may scale, & the issue there be kept open long time.   

CHAP. XX. Pustules in the eyes are called Phlyctaen●.  
PHlyctaenae, are certain pustules, growing out of the membran Cornea. 
De●.  they are caused of serous humours, which do sometime participate with blood: the party being of sanguine complexion, youthful years, having read eyes etc. In others they be hot biting humours, causing accordingly biting pain, 
Causes & signs.  & it falleth then on a choleric complexion, or by reason of the yearetime, being hot, or hot diet used, & the patient's eyes are yellow. If they be but superficial, they are easily, but if they have deep footing, they are hardly cured.  

Prog.  If the serous humour participate of blood, open the humeral or median vein, and ●hat not once only, but scarifying to the neck, and shoulder blades. If the humour be hot and fell, appoint a cooling diet: with meate● cooling, fo●t, and of easy concoction. Barley water, or thin ale for his drink: appointing the patiented rest, and frication, with bindings to his lower parts: Forbid wine, much speech, sneezing, anger, much light & moving. Prepare the humour with syr. violarum, de papavere rosarum, and such like: then purge with manna, cassia, diacathol●cum, decoctum tamarindorum, prunorum, sebesten, mercurialis siclae, senae, etc. or with syr. ros. laxat. o● Diasereos, etc.  
The place itself must be applied with digerent, and withal, lightly repellent medicines, as are album o●● cum aqua plantaginis, ovorum album & luteum ●um pauco● croco, passo & pant, acatia cum succo olivae, succus fol. virg● pastoris per se, or cum cerus●a, succus fol. mali co●onei cum oui liquore, mucilage faenigraeci, etc. Else, Rec. lycij, croci, ana, ℈. i sarcocollae, ℈. i ss. thuris, ℈ two cum duobus vitellis & albuminibus ovorum, & aqua ●osarum, fiat collyrium. Or this: Rec. haematitis lotae in aqua ros. ʒ.ij. cerussae lotae, lycij, ana, ʒ. j. amyl●, gumm●●rab. tragacanthi, ae●●s usti, antimo●ij, ana, ʒ. ss. opij, ℈. i formentur pastill● cum succ● foliorum olivae, and instill of them into the eye, cum succo faeniculi, symptones: to wit, pain and inflammation, if they happen. must be assuaged and smoothed, cum opio in lact dissoluto: or, cum hypocistide & acacia in aqua rosarum, cum malocotoneo ●lixo: or, Pomo austero cocto, and warm applied, or such like.   

CHAP. XXI. AE●ylops and Anchilops.  
AEgylops is a small swelling, 
Def.  or inflammation, in the greater corner of the eye, when after suppuration, it is come to an abscess, it is called Anchilops. 
Caus.  It cometh of vicious juice, especially of hot and biting quality, flowing to the eye, and that either from the whole body, or else but from the head. 
Prog.  If it be in a thin body, and with putrefaction of the bone, it is hardly cured. For the diminishing of the humour, set first the patient's order of diet, to be with meat of good nourishment, and thin ale: with exercise of walking, and using frications and bindings in his inferior members. Then to the end, to divert & evacuate, open the humeral vein of the same side, and set boxes in the neck, or in the iugular veins. Purge also cum pill. lucis, arabicis, aureis, coc●ijs, or such other. And to come to the place inflamed, if the inflammation be yet but growing, strive to stay it, partly by such blood letting and boxing, and partly by repellent medicines, as this: 
a This is much commended, of Rond. Rec. acaciae, balaustiorum, myrtillorum, cort. mali granati, rad. bistortae, gall. immaturarum, ana, ʒ. ij. boli arm. ℥. ss. cort. thuris, croci, ana ʒ. ss. ol. ros. & mirth. ana, ℥ ij. succ. cotoneorum, & aceti ros. ana, ℥. j incorpora simul & reduc. ad formam nutriti.  Rec. succi sola●ri ℥ uj thuris ʒ. ij. misce, & 
b These medicines would be applied no● only to the great corner of the eye (where the tumour is) but to the eyebrows also, & ●o the cheek and neither jaw: occupying all the circuit so, unto the cure.  super ponatur. Or, Rec. succi semperuivi, succi parietariae, ana, ℥ four glaucij, croci, ana, ℥. ss. misce. Now the humours being impact, and the inflammation being made, your medicines must be to waste and discuss them: as Emplastrum divinum, ceroneum, Diapalma, farina erui cum melle, parie●aria elixa, & malaxaia cum pauca myrrhae● Alica co●ta in ace●o & probe trita. Or a medicine ex glaucio, croco & parietariae succo: or, Ruta cum lixivio primario trita & cocta: or, thus, applied cum stercore columbino: el● folia maluae: or, chamaemeli, commansa, & cum sale imposita. Also cinis nucis combustae iniecta: or, arundinis membrana cummelle imposita etc. If pain busily urge you, provide to mitigate the same cum pomo cocto in lact. Or, lact mulso: or, muccagine Psylli & faenugr. cum aqua violarum extracta: or, a defensive, or fomentation ex decoctione rosarum Chamemeli in vino rubro, etc. The abscess being 
c Be diligent to spy out the suppuration, jest it being, ere you be ware, the ma●●er work a hollow, and also defile th●●one.  suppurate, must be opened (if not otherwise) by instrument, and the rest of the cure to be● performed, as in the fistule of the eyes is set down among the ulcers.  

ANNOTATIONS.  
ᵃ This is much commended, of Rond. Rec. acaciae, balaustiorum, myrtillorum, cort. mali granati, rad. bistortae, gall. immaturarum, ana, ʒ. ij. boli arm. ℥. ss. cort. thuris, croci, ana ʒ. ss. ol. ros. & mirth. ana, ℥ ij. succ. cotoneorum, & aceti ros. ana, ℥. j incorpora simul & reduc. ad formam nutriti.  
ᵇ These medicines would be applied no● only to the great corner of the eye (where the tumour is) but to the eyebrows also, & ●o the cheek and neither jaw: occupying all the circuit so, unto the cure.  
ᶜ Be diligent to spy out the suppuration, jest it being, ere you be ware, the ma●●er work a hollow, and also defile th●●one.    

CHAP. XXII. Supply. Phlegmonous tumour in the Eare.  

Place. Fernell.  THis tumour accustometh to gather in the inner part, between the hard membran of the brain, and the pannicle spread before the passage of hearing. 
Epulis.  
Causes & signs.  It is engendered of most thin and sharp blood, which rushing in thither, from the interior veins of the membrans covering the brain, at length doth putrify. It bewrayeth itself by heat and grievous pain: both thorough sharpness of the humour, whereby it pricketh, & through the plenty gathered, whereby it stretcheth and sundreth the membrans, whereof cometh a panting and tearing kind of pain: even such, as is found in all inflammations, kindled about the arteries & membrans. There ariseth also a fever, accompanied with his symptones. But all this while, no tumour, or redness seen without, unless, (perhaps) by a double growth of evil, the outside happen to be drawn into consent. at length the putrefied matter, by little and little, changed with concoction, maketh an abscess, whererupon pus either eateth or breaketh, or (at the least) is conveyed out, through the poares of the membran of hearing, & so issueth out by the common passage: to the great ease, and lightning of the part, both of the pain, and burden, wherewith it was oppressed. Such as in this case have weak brains, 
Loc. cit.  
Prog.  and abounding with excrements, have their ear the longer issuing: yea, the suppuration sometime very long abiding: still casting forth either white pus, or liquid sanies. The universal points, of diet, revulsion, and evacuation being ordered, 
Cure.  as i● taught in Ophthalmia, come to your local medicines, 
Calm.  according to the time of the tumour. In the beginning, (regarding the nature of the affected part, and sharpness of pain) your medicines may be repellent, for all the nearness of the brain. Make a decoction therefore ex plantagine solano, vi●laria, lactuca, and such other, in aceto & aqua, and by a funnel, let the fume thereof be received into the ear: adding to such a decoction (if you list to make it more cooling) papaver, hyosciamum, & mandragoram. afterward of the herbs of that decoction, make a cataplasm, by mixing therewith ol. ros. ver cydoneorum, vel papaveris: or other cooling & astringent oil, and apply the same to the ear. Else, boil ole●m rosaceum myrtinum, ●ydoneorum, violarum, papau● nympheae, or such other, cum aceto, ad aceti consumptionem: and thereof instill into the ear, by a drop at a time, warm: or Rec. ol. rosarum part. ij. ol. amygd. dulc. part. j aceti part. iij. coquito ad aceti consumptionem, and drop thereof in like sort, into the ear: or, (if the heat be great) you may drop in of the juices, or waters of cooling & astringent herbs, cum granis aliquot Caphurae: or, albumen oui cum lact muliebri agitatum: which will cool and ease: or, cleum rosaceum, cum succo mali punici, & tantillo croci, coquito, and put it likewise warm into the ear. Observing always, in this case, that those things you put in to the ear, be warm and in little quantity. 
Cano●.  In the increase of this tumour, you must mix discutients with things cooling and repellinge: and therefore add to the former oils, fumes, and catapl. althaea, malua, chamomilla, melilotum, hordeum, & lentes. The state approaching, wherein you must more largely discuss, add to the decoction, semen lini, faenugraeci, absynthium, calamentum, origanum, and such other, in such due quantity, as may directly serve your purpose, in more or less discussing, and repellinge, or mixed with the juices, or waters of those herbs, oils both repellinge and discussing, and use them by way of fume, fomentation, or dropping into the ears: or of the remnant of the decoction make a cataplasm, by adding unto it, convenient quantity of oils and fats. Unguents may you also prepare ex muccagine psyllij, cydon, sem. lini, ●aenugr. butyro, a dipibus gallinae, anseris, anatis, and oils convenient to repel & discuss, according to the diversity both of your intention, & also of the time of the tumour. Discutient oils are chamomelium, anethinum, a migdal irinum lil●●rum, nardinum, etc. The tumour tending to suppuration, tho●gh it must receive some furtherance from your medicine, yet sparingly: for as much as large use of suppuratives, would bring peril of great putrefaction, in that place. Like wise your suppurative must be drying: answerable to the nature of the part: as this: R●c. rad. al. he, ℥ two mal. 〈◊〉. a●a, m. s●. ●●am●mil. me●loti, 〈◊〉, P●●s. fiat decoctio, cui add, farina, faborum & hordei, ana, ℥. ss. pass●larum, ℥ j ol. chamomillae: ℥ two fi. ● cataplasma: or, Recipe adipis gall. anseris● caprae, ana, ℥. ss. butyri recentis & sali● expertis, ℥ two mellis & asypi, ana, ʒ. uj. ol. liliacei, ℥. i ss. cerae. q.s. fiat unguentum.  
If there be (in the mean time) vehement pain, 
Pain.  studiously por●ide to ease it, as with cooling oils, waters and juices mixed cum lact mul●eb●i. Also availeth succus cucurbitae & mali granati, cum oleo rosac. & lact: or (if there be much heat) cum ol. nympheae, papaveris, mandragorae. Else, oleo cum aceto, vel succo mali granati, ad aceti consumptionem coqui●o: Adding unto it, muccaginem, semen Psillij, & cydoneorum, vel nonnihil caphurae, vel gr. aliquo● o●ij. & croci, cum lact.  
Available here likewise are, o●eum de vitellis ovorum (which is good also in the ulcer of the ear, being mixed cum tertia part mellis) oleum lumbricorum, oleum Chamomaelium, anethinum, & de semine lini: So are, pinguedo leporis, cuniculi, vulpis. Further, adeps a● medulla cruris vituli, si cum lact misceantur. or, lumbricos lotos, coquito in oleo ros. & exigua vini quantitate, terito & addito semen lini, pingued. gall. seu. cuniculi, & croci tantillum. This was very familiar with Calmeteus: Rec. olei ros. ℥ j vitellum ovi. j. opij. ℈. i misce diligenter in mor●ario aereo, fiatlinimentum.   

CHAP. XXIII. Of Polypus.  

Def.  POlypus is a tumour beyond nature, growing in the nostrils, of substance lose and fungous, like the flesh of the fish called Polypus.  

Causes & signs.  The cause thereof is a thick and viscous humour. The signs: a lose & fungie swelling in the nostrils, greater in the change of the Moon, but lesser in the declination. Sometime it appeareth between the nostrils, but not much: Sometime it hangeth quite out of the nostrils. Other some times also it lieth more backwards: as in the hollow way between the nostrils and the mouth.  
If it be a cankerous, 
Prog.  or inveterated Polypus, it is hardly or never cured.  
Appoint a slender diet: 
Cure.  the meats such as be of good juice, 
Diet.  and do atteinuate or make thin. 
Euacuati●  The drink, water of Guaicum, etc. If nothing hinder, let blood in the Cepha●lca vein, specially, if the head be replete with blood: else, set cupping glasses behind the head. Purge the body universally, cum pillulis coccij's, aureis, sine quibus, etc. and the head also particularly, with masticatori●s, of mastic, and scannwine, etc. Then see that your medicines for the place be partly astringent, partly piercing: partly attenuating, 
Local medicines.  and partly discussing, as is this water: Rec. vuarum imma●urarum, li. iij. mali grana●i, balaustiorum, sumach, a●a. ●i. ij. macerentur in aceto & destil●entur, deinde add, aluminis, li.j. vi●rioli, ℥ three destillentur, omnia, iterum, and with that water, touch the inner parts of the nose. An unguent for that purpose: Rec. argen●i spumae, cerussae, vini, aceti, olei mirthini, ana, qs. To these being boiled, you may put and mingle, aliquid rosarum, balaustiorum, & aluminis. Another: Rec. spumae arg.ʒ. j cerussae, ʒ. iij. malehorn, ʒ ij. aluminis scissilis. ʒ.ij. with these powdered & odoriferous wine. Frame it to the thickness of honey: after that put in some ol. myrthinum, and stir them together, & reserve it to your use, in a leaden box. If you see that these medicines be too mild, & that you stand in need of stronger: you may thereafter get unto you stronger also: such as chalcitis, aes ustum, san●araca, au ripigmentum, etc. emp●rast. Macrionis, Te●rapharmacum, cum duodecima part aeruginis: Ceratum mirthynun, c●ratū e cera rubra, cum oleo mirthino, & dicima part aeruginis: Psoricum Mesuae, Trochisci Andronis, Musae Polyidae, etc. Else these powders of later invention: Rec. squā●ae aeris, ℥ j atramenti sutorij, ʒ. vi. sandaracae, ʒiij. veratri nigri, ʒ. ij. misceantur. & blow up of this powder into the nostrils. Another: Rec. Chalcanti, chalcitid●s, aeris, usti, ●ysi, ana, ℥. ss. misce cum vino ad mellis crassitudinem: then burn it in a furnace, and powder it, and use it as afore. If it be rebellious to these kind of means, 
Cur. 1.  the last refuge is, incision, or burning as if they be ●auft, they are fit for incision. Let the party therefore be placed in some Sunshine or lightsome place: then holding open the nostrel with your left hand, cut of the Polipus round, with the right hand, with a spatule made sharp for that purpose, & like the fashion of a mi●t leaf: directing the edge of the instrument to that part, where it joineth to the nostrils: then in like manner turning the instrument to the contrary part, cut the foot of the Polipus asunder, & so take it out. If the P●lypus be of a malign nature, 
Cautery.  it must come to the ●●re of the hot iron. And if it be but a small one, the cautery is to be applied to the place, through a silver reed or pipe. In 
a But this respect of persons is vnfi● for the children of God, who must mak● conscience, of the lest peril, or deformity, (if by more diligence, or better means i● may be redeemed) even in the basest sort● of men.  rustical persons the nose may be slit, & so the cautery have more easy passage to the part. Beyond all this the affected part especially, the he●d must be looked unto, for means of comfort & strengthening. You shall make the patiented coyffes therefore, quilted with cotton will & strewed between with some drying & coroborating powder ●x ligno alocc, caryophilis, macere, nuce moscata, staecade, saluia, maiorana, menthae roremarino, betonica, lavendula, etc.  

ANNOTATION.  
ᵃ But this respect of persons is vnfi● for the children of God, who must mak● conscience, of the lest peril, or deformity, (if by more diligence, or better means i● may be redeemed) even in the basest sort● of men.    

CHAP. XXIIII. Supply. Parulis. Epulis.  

Differences with Causes & signs.  
Def. Aetius.  PArulis, is an inflammation with tumour, in some part of the gums. If it be in the lower gums, the matter descendeth by the temples, 
Fer. Causes & signs.  from veins there ending. If in the upper gums, it distilleth from the greater corner of the eye. It gathereth at the roots of the teeth, and swelleth out with heat, redness & pain. 
False Angina.  
Prog.  If it be not resolved, it groweth to suppuration. By evil handling, the gum may grow unto the cheek, 
li. def. med  as Gorraeus once saw it. So may epulis rise thereof, as noteth Fernelius. In the beginning, (the body being looked to, for the universal points, as hath been said in the general Phlegmone) let your medicines be 
1 1 Aet. me●● med. li. 4. ca 14.  repressing, and discussing: as 
Aph. l. 5.10 secund. Iou● berti tr. c, de Angina.  
2 2 Aet. 2. ser. 4. c. 25.  succus p●isanae, or, decoctum sem. linin: or, 
3 3 Ori. loc. aff. l. 4. c. 66.  acetum in quo hyosciamiradix cocta sit, being a special remedy in that case. If it will not so be spent, nor repressed, let the patiented hold in his mouth decoctum caricarum, and lay on the place, ficum pinguem, cum modico sale tostum. If it suppurate, & yet break not of itself: by pricking it with a lancet point, or quill, it runneth out: & often times healeth of itself: howbeit, if you find it in a body of suspicious quality, I hold it safer to make incision wider, and to lay open the place more largely, jest it run into t●● danger of a fistula: 
Diet.  
Loc. cit.  as also AEtius justly suspecteth. After the opening, wash it with aqua mulsa, or, mel rosarum. Being cleansed, dry it up cum pulvere balaustiorum torre● act. & modico aluminis usti, or such other: applying thickets of lint upon the place, both for the cause of drying, as also to press down and close again the separated sides. Out of this evil springeth, as is noted afore, Epulis, which is an outgrowing of flesh in the gums. For this, Orisabius counseleth a powder, 
Beginning  
Tetr. 4. ser 2. c. 50.  consisting ex pari portione vitrioli, & mirrhae, cum modico aluminis, sciscilis. AEtius hath this: Rec. Calcitis vivae, ℥ two auri pigmenti, ℥. i auri pigmentum cum aqua te●ito, & calcem addito, & simul, probe cont●r t●. deinde in mortarium aqua plenum conijcito● ut subsideant. When the matters be settled to the bottom, power away that liquor, and put in fresh, stirring it long time. Let it then settle, after separate also the water, and put in new: do so like wise the third time. Last of all, leave the vessel filled with water, in the Sun (stirring it every day, and ●●llinge it up, still when the water i● consumed) for 40. days. After the last expense of the liquor, the powder being dry, keep it in an earthen pot, in a dry place, so as it may not be tainted with moisture. And this (sayeth he) maketh his escar without biting, & depresseth lose swellings. Particularly he praiseth it, in this case, and for putrefied gums. If Epu●es be very painful, and inflamed, as it is sometime seen, 
A●t tetr 2 ser. 4. ca 25  so as the party cannot open his mouth: then first must you practise to delay the inflammation, and that, as by universal means, (according as the case requireth) so also by local medicines: as washings of the mouth with aqua mulsa, succus ptisanae: or, decoctum sem. lini. And emplastring the whole ●aw, with a cataplasm, ex semine lini, & aqua mulsa. The inflammation being done away, so as the mouth may open, apply the powder to your purpose, or in the want thereof: Rec. aluminis scissilis. ʒ.ij. gallarum, ʒ. iiij. salis terrefacti, ʒ. j. fiat pulvis. Strew of this upon Epulis, and apply al●o your lint, as is set down in Pa●ilis. And I suppose, that nothing can in this case be done by the way of these medicines● that a provident artist cannot as quickly accomplish, by discrete use of the caustike stone. The ancient authors, beyond all these means, come (at the last) to incision. Pareus preferreth before all other that it be bound with a double threads 
Cautions.  
li. 7. c. 4.  and followed still with straiter binding, till it fall of, burning the place afterward, with a caustic applied in a hollow pipe: or, cum aqua forti: or, oleo vitriolo, so curiously put it, as that the sound parte● may not be touched of them. And thi● way (he saith) he hath cured this humour, of so large a size sometime, a● that it grew forth at the mouth, to the great deformity of the face.   

CHAP. XXV. Supply. Batrachus, or Ranula.  

Def.  RAnula is a tumour in that la●e & sauft part of the mouth, which is under the tongue, and whereto the tongue is knit by his ligament.  
It proceedeth sometime of hot humours, 
Causes & ●●gnes.  bearing the signs of an inflammation: but most commonly of cold, slime and pituitous matter, which, when the tumour is opened, i● like the white of an egg, 
Cure. Act. m●●h. ●ed. li. c● 4 ● 14.  & sometime (saith Pareus) yellowish. If it be in a party of sufficient age, open a vein under the tongue, that so by bleeding sufficient, the disease may be made more obedient. Afterward, to your medicines: 
Aetius tetr. 2. ser. cha. 37.  aplie unto the place galla, or semen ros. tritam cum melle. Or rub the place cum artemi●ia viride, trita cum sale. Else nuces iuglandes veteres integral, una cum cortice exustas, comere: deinde piperi● gr.xij. adijce, & thuris gr. iij. cum melle sufficienti misceantur, and anoint the place with it. 
De Apost. cap. 26.  AEtius maketh great account thereof. Paracelsus appointeth after the opening of the veins, to wash the place with the waters of Brassatella, alchimilla, diapensia, or agrimonia, or anoint them cum oleo hypericonis, or de floribus centauriae, & though it reverse, 
Lively 7. c. 5.  to cure it yet again in the same order. Pareus chooseth to prevent the reverse, by opening the tumour with a hot iron: (devised safely, by means of a plate with a hole in it, for defence of the other parts of the mouth) and washing afterward the place, ex decocto hordei, melle & zaccharo rosato.   

Supply. CHAP. XXVI. Tumour tonsillarum.  
THere be certain glandules, placed on either side of the jaws, by the roots of the tongue, which sometime swell with cold humours from the head, sometime are inflamed with hot. It may also come of causes from without, such as AEtius telleth in young bodies: to wit, drinking much wine, and greedy devouring of meats, specially rough or sharp tasted: as I also have seen it, by excessive eating of cherries. The Tumour is evident to see and feel. Besides, the patiented feeleth, as a lump sticking in his jaws, hindering his swallow: but all this while without burning and thirstiness, they being the signs of this part inflamed: together with manifest redness & pain. 
Prog.  This not discussed, cometh to suppuration: the other often to ulceration. The universal points being ordered as in taught in the general tumours. 
Aegin. l. 3. cap. 27.  
Cure.  Wet over the swelled places with a feather, dipped in this water, 
Rulandus.  twice or thrice in an hour, Rec. aquae fontanae, ℥ two ol. vitrioli Rom. tot guttas, quot acidam multam reddant. By this he shall be procured to spit much. After it, put succinum album upon the coals, and procure him the fume of it, by an embot up into his jaws: this may be done two or three times in a day, if need shall so require. 
Augmentation.  
Rond.  And further to dry up and restrain, Rec. nidi hyrund. ℥ three pulu. nucum cupressi, ℥. ss.ros. ℥. ss. excipiantur oxymellite f●a●que ad formam cataplasmatis. Apply it to the sides of the throat. Likewise, if you covet a gargarism, Rec. Florum prunellae, florum saluiae, ana, 
Rulandus.  m.j. gran. myrtil. ℥. i ss. decoquantur in vini rub. & aquae ana, li.ij. ad medium horum iuri colato admisceatur, diamoron ℥. i ss. fiat gargarisma. If this course notwithstanding the tumour tend to suppuration, leave your fume and cataplasm, and put to your gargarism, Ficus, mucilagines faenugraeci, recentem glycyrrhizam, iviubas etc. according to the proceeding, hereafter set down in Angina.   

Supply. CHAP. XXVII. Tumour Collumel●ae.  
THis last delivered tumour, is commonly accompanied with th● tumour of Collumella, especially, when that proceedeth of the outward occasions, 
Causes & signs.  there mentioned. Other times it groweth likewise, of much filling with moist matter from the head: the place is swelled, especially extended in length, and hangeth dropping wise into the throat: so as it constraineth the party often to swallow, 
State.  
Fernel.  supposing he could at once swallow that, which otherwise lying in his throat, might endanger his choking. This part is sometime also (though sieldome) inflamed, with hot humours: testified by burning & redness in the place, & offering more trouble to the party, & greater fear of suffocation, then that, which is relaxed only. When by occasion of this inflammation, the neither end of Wula groweth thick, and the root small, ●lender and blackish, it is called vua, being resembled by a grape hanging by his stalk. 
Prog.  When it is in this case, it doth gangraenate.  
If the head abound with rhewmatick matter: 
Cure.  evacuate & divert by blood letting, purging, cupping, and such other means as you shall judge expedient for the case, the diet being spare, and drying. Many are cured, the matter impacted being not much in quantity, only by touching the place with long pepper finely powdered, and conveyed unto it, either upon a spatule, or little spoon.  
Rulandus highly accounteth, of the fume and gargarism, set down in the chapter going before, 
Declinati●  
Cent. 1●  to be used also in this case, appointing moreover to take, fermenti veteris, ℥ i to spread the same upon a linen cloth, sprinkle it over, cum pulvere carabae albae, and apply it half a hand broad, to the top of the head. Calmeteus hath this garg and powder: Rec. lentium & hordei, an. p.j. baccarum & fol. myrti, an. p.ss. balaustiarum, ℥. ss. ros. rub. p.ss. aquae & aceti part. aequales, coquantur ad medias, colaturae add sacchari, rub. vel mellis ros. col. ℥ three fiat garg. 
If the tumour tend ●o suppuration. ●alter. ●●. 2. obs. 10  
Ex. Cal.  Recipe gallas virides xv. spicae celticae, ʒ. iij. ros. rub. P.ss. nidi, vel pul. hirundinum, ʒ. iij. fiat pul. tenuiss. Apply it to the place: Others make their powder ex una part piperis, & duabus partibus myrab. citr. The inflammation of vulva hath such suit of local medicines beloging unto it: as are declared & taught hereafter, in that part of the cure of Angina, that concerneth inflammation. But if it do gangraenate, it must be cut of with an instrument: or else tied, according to the devise of Honoratus castellanus, and set down, with the form, and use of the instrument, 
Lively 7. ca 7.  pertaining to the doing thereof, by Ambrose Parey.   

Supply. CHAP. XXVIII. Angina.  

Def.  ANgina is that affect of the throat, wherein larynx by some inward occasion, is straightened, 
Fernel. lib. 5. c. 9  to the procuring of suffocation. Angina is of two sorts, in general: one true, another falls: of the true are four differences: the first accounted of Hippochrates, the most dangerous of all others, when neither in the jaws within, nor in the throat without, any evil at all is seen. This inflammation being altogether hidden, bringeth forth most cruel accidents, with peril of present suffocation. Of this kind of angina, Fernelius testifieth he hath seen die, in the space of xviij. houres● being perfect in mind & senses. The second kind is, when the inner muscles of larynx, & the jaws are tainted with inflammation. this hath as cruel accidents as the former, but with less perill● for as much as it showeth itself by manifest tumour, which may have riddance out by the mouth● The third sort occupieth the jaws within, together with the throat outwardly, apparent by tumour & redness, accompanied with sense of heat, & pain. the symptoms of this, are no slighter than of the former, save with more hope of health: in that the inflammation bearing outward, is so much easier to be breathed out, & discussed by medicines. The 4. is judged lightest and safest of all the rest, this toucheth not the jaws within, but the outward throat only, and his muscles: by the swelling of which, notwithstanding, it cometh to pass, that the inner muscles of larynx, are compressed, & so the passage of air straightened. The cause of these sorts is, a sanguine or choleric Fluxion, which flowing into these parts, by the branches of the iugular veins, pertaining unto them do bring forth either Erysipelas or Phlegmon. The evident causes are sundry, to wit, cold rather then hot, either air, or drinking: strokes fish bones, or pings, etc. swallowed: drunkenness & all excess. For signs, these kinds have (besides those that are common to every Angina) tumour, Heat, and Fever, the last of which signs, is a continual companion of every true angina. Now the false angina, that is without all Fever, and proceedeth of a distillation of pituitous matter, in the jaws and muscles of the throat. in which, though there be tumour, yet without redness, heat and fever. The common signs of all sorts of angina, are, straightness of breathing, difficulty in swallowing, (so as the drink sometime leapeth up into the nose) and great pain about the jaws.  
Those sorts be most grievous and soon kill, 
Prog. Hip. 3. prog. 18. Aph. l. 4  (yea commonly in one day) that making no appearance, neither within nor without, yet move great pain, and difficult breathing. That which is with tumour and redness in the throat and breast, is safe, for the most part, though longer enduring. Whosoever in the ceasing of Angina, have the matter converted to the lungs, they either die in seven days, or after fall into Empiema. 
Cure. joub. loc. cit.  Set a diet most spare and slender: both for that the disease being most sharp, requireth it, as also for the unfillinge of the vessels, which in this case is very requisite. In the case of inflammation make the air colder, 
Aetius loc. cit.  Appoint sleep to the patiented, in the beginning of this disease, that so there may be a revoking of the humours and spirits, to their proper mansions: but about the state, and ripening of the humours more watchfulness is meeter, least in sleep time, the matter that should be avoided upward, steal down into the lungs, or ventricle. Let the patiented procure such rest to the part affected, in the first days, as that he neither speak, chew, nor gargoyle: so long as the vehemency of the Fluxion endureth. but use frication to the whole body, hot bathinge of the feet, and painful ligatures to the limbs, for revulsion sake. Afterward, the inflammation and fluxion for the most part being stayed, both walking, speech and gargling, are very convenient. The belly must yield his course every day. All immoderate affections must cease: especially anger, and exceeding joy, and whatsoever might give occasion to laughter. Blood letting would be in the beginning of every true angina, 
Order of cure partic.  if there be strength to bear it, yea though there be no great fullness: & that not once only, but again and again on the same day (if need require) repeated. providing and using in the mean time, from the first blood letting, your local medicines, both inward, and outward: this having the same scopes of cure, concerning the particular times thereof, as other ordinary tumours, arising of a Fluxion: to wit, in the beginning to repel or beaten back only. In the augmentation, to resolve with all. in the state to repel & discuss equally, & in the declination, simply to discuss or resolve. Repellents convenient, are these simples: Acetum, succus mori, (as well fruit as tree) succus corticis vi●idis iuglandium, malorum cydoneorum, granatorum acidorum cumsuo corio contusorum, pirorum agrestium, & prunellorum: Also the juice of the tree Cornus, omphacium, etc. Again for decoctions: radix bistoriae, rhus coriariorum, summitates rubi, lentisci & myrti, myrta ipsa, plantago, oxalis, utrumque cichorium, portulaca, lens palustris, gallae in ● maturae: sorba & mespila immatura, viua●ea, calices glandium, spongia bedegaris, citini, balaustia, rosae, alumen, and such others. Of these may you provide, (as the case requireth) repellent collusions, or decoctions, to hold in the mouth: observing that your repelent medicines be not to strong at first, as for example: oxycratum very fit to begin withal. or this, Rec, aquae peculi ros. & plantag. ana, ℥ three succi granatorum acidorum, ℥. i diamoron, ℥ two fiat collutio. A few hours after, this stronger one: Rec. gallarum viridium, rhois, ballast. malicorij, an. ℥. i fiat decoctio in aqua plantag. ad li.j. in aqua dissolve diamor. 
Calm.  & vini granatorum ana, ℥ two fiat garg. or this: 
Rondel.  Rec. summi●atum rubi, vel lentisci, rhus, myrti, pyri siluestris, aut sorbi, unius horum, m.ij rosarum rub. balaustiorum, & acinorum vuae, ana, ℥. i fiat decoctio. In li.j. colatu●ae dissolve, diamoron, & dianucum, ace●i, & succi mali granati acidi, an. ℥. i misce. observe: that in the want of the green plants, you may use their distilled waters. The Patient must not gargoyle with these liquors, but hold of them in his mouth only: for moving of the jaws increaseth the Fluxions 
Act. 8.45.  and ever when they are used, the cold must be taken of at lest, for things cold in act, as those that be too hot, do exasperated the Fluxion, and increáse pain. And in the beginning of the inflammations of these partest use no honey, not sweet syrupes, the first whereof, provoketh the Fluxion by his acrimony, the latter sort, are abstersive, and opening by their sweetness: howsoever otherwise consisting of simples astringent, & engrossing. Excepting nevertheless the urgency of pain, which may sometime enforce us to the use of some of them, as, s●r. viol. papaveris, etc. A thing well observed of Calm in his practice. The outward means, in the beginning of the true angina, aught not to be merely relaxing, as the common practice importeth. For if the throat without, be fomented with oils, or plastered with cataplasms, what reason can be showed, that their properties should not pears to the affected part within? if they do, & they be relaxing, shall you not so much the more increase the fluxion? shall you not so much frustrate the work of your inward medicines, & so in effect, set up with one hand, & pull down with another? 
De cur. ac morb. li. i ca 7.  
Lib. 4.  Trallianus hath noted it long ago, a thing extremely dangerous: & amongst the late writers some likewise have given warning of it: namely Rondele●ius & joubertus: though none of them (in my opinion) have sufficiently enough withstood it, in their practice: for whilst some of them mingle so small astringency, with such plenty of resolving, and mollifying medicines, as appeareth in that receipt joubertus gathereth out of Trallian: I fear lest that proverb may be truly said therein: (as good never awhit, as never the better.) This is the receipt, that others may judge likewise. Rec. micarum pan●s, ℥ four dactylos, numero viii. sem. lini, ℥. i coctis, tus●is, & crevice add, farinae hordei, ℥. i ss. croci ●. j. ol. liliorum, vel chamomelini, ana, q.s. ●iat cataplasma. For my part, I take this fit for the state, than the beginning of an inflammation: especially, if the bread therein, be understood fo●● pure wheat bread. R●deletius, if he had continued the same course in his chapter de Angina, (touching this point) a● in his chapter before, de Tonsillarum inflamatione, he had both counseled, and practised, I must have held him free from all stain of this error. Howbeit, howsoever afterward he fo● ga●e himself, let us lay hold of hi● first sound counsel, which is, to minister in the beginning of Angin● ● both inwardly and outwardly, medicines drying, with a certain astriction which having concluded first, from the authority of Dioscorides: & a reason, drawn from the constitution of the parts, he afterward confirmeth from his own manifold experience: namely in the use of Cypress nuts: wherehence he taketh just occasion, to say down the receipt of a cataplasm, of effect answerable to his rule before prescribed: to wit, Rec. nidi hirundinis, ℥ iij. pulu● nucum cupressi ℥. i ros. ℥ ss. excipiantur oxymellite. fia●que ad f●rmam cataplasmasis: apply this to the sides of the throat. This knitteth together the parts: Otherwise naturally lose, and drieth up the humour flowed. Fit also for the beginning is this: R●c. ●ungorum sambu●i, q.s. in serolactis infundantur, donec mollescani, d●in con●undantur, and apply it as is said of the former. In the mean time, let the patient have the same Fungi, steeped in all his drink. And in the infusion of them, done in aqua rosacea, or Plan●ag. Wet clothes and lay them upon the head. To which use, Parac●lsus appointeth aqua ros. rubearum, bursae pastoris, solatri, barbae iovis. thus having proceeded by blood letting, & local repellents: if within few hours, the fluxion remit not, or (especially) if the blood showed the body replete with evil juice, come to the other general evacuation of the body: which because it can seldom be done by potion or pill, you shall sufficiently perform by clyster, as on this wise: 
joubert.  Rec. hordei p. j fol. betae, mercurialis, parietariae, maluae cum radicibus, ana, m.j. caricas pingues, no.xx. sem. faeniculi ʒ. ij (if there be no fever, otherwise, Cucurbitae, melonum ana, ℥. ss.) Florum trium communium, chamomeli, meliloti, ana, p.j. fiat decoctio in q.s. Colaturae, dissolve, diaphaenici, ʒj. diapru. lax. ℥. ss. vitell. ovorum ij. olei violarum, ℥ three salis (if the body be not easy to move) ʒ. iij. fiat clyster. Minister this the first day after blood letting. and stronger, or weaker than this, as the case shall require, which must be committed to the judgement of the Artist: observing that you content not yourself with a washing clyster, if the humours be defiled. The second day open the veins under the tongue, or (if the tongue be swelled, that you cannot come by them) scarify the tongue itself, sayeth Paulus, or open the iugular veins, according to Trallianus: a device, once also experimented of joubertus, 
A mixture of water & vinegar.  
Lively 5. cap. de ang.  with happy success. Your Gargarisms for the second day, which is the augmentation, must have some mixture of resolutives, as for Example: Rec. rosarum, & hordei, ana, P. j balaustiorum, ℥. i caricarum, & passularum, ana, Paria x. iviubarum paria, xx. Glycyrrhizae, ʒ. ij. fiat decoctio. In li.j. colaturae, dissolve diamoron, ʒ. ij. mellis rosarum col. ℥. i Or this: Recipe Aquilegiae, Prunellae, Betonicae, ana, m.j. ros. rub. balaustiorum, ana, ʒ. ij. Fungorum sambuci, ʒ. vi. caricarum paria, v. passularum paria, xv. glycyrrhiz●, ʒ. ij. coquantur in s●ro lactis, in colaturae, li●j. dissolve diamoron, dianucum ana, ℥. i ss. mellis rosarum, Col. ℥. i cassiae extr. cum eodem decocto, ℥. ss. fiat oris collutio. Let the patient now and than (in the sharpness of his pain) be sucking down with a quill, Lac recens mulctum, steeped cum fungis sambuci, and warmed again lightly, for the outside of the throat, mix with your former astringent cataplasms, some mollifying & discutient medicines, & that in larger measure, then in the inward means: to th'end, that the humours finding straighter room within, & larger without, may (at the worst fall) be gathered outwardly, if so be they cannot otherwise, be clean spent away. Neither yet do I here allow mere relaxing medicines: for that those do not, as these here counseled, labour together in one common work, with the inward means: but directly fight against them, as hath been noted afore. Cupping glasses serve not, 
Cupping.  till the fluxion be altogether stayed: and then are they rightly to be applied to the sides of the jaws, & in the neck: especially to the second vertebre of the neck, in the extreme peril of suffocation. The 3. & 4. days (accounted for the time of the state) let all your means be more resolving. As first diminishing in the last described collution, the quantities of balaust ros. diamoron. and increasing the figs, raisins, & mel. But the ●. day, taking those astringents quite away. Or use this: Rec. h●siopi, m. j betonicae, m.ss. glycyrrhizae ras. ℥. i fungorum sambuci, ʒ. j. sem. lini. faenugraeci, ana, ʒ. j ss. carnarum ping. numero xii. dactilorum incis. numero. ij. passularum enucleatarum, numero twenty fiat decoctio: in. li.j. colaturae. dissolve, mellis ros. oxymellitises simple. ana, ℥ ij. sapae dulcis, ℥ three dianucum, ℥ j fiat gargarisma. Rec. ung de altheae, ocsipi, vel resumptivi, ana, ℥ ●iij. ol. li●iorum, ℥ four pulu. nidi hyrundinum, ℥ three incor●orentur sin. ul, & fiat cataplas●a. Apply it to the sides of the throat. Iouber●us reporteth this out of Celsi●●, to be very effectual. Sal lineo sacco excipiatur, dimittaturque in aquam bene calidam: and so apply it warm to the sides of the throat: especially, (as I suppose) in the declination: at what time, it shall be good likewise, to add to the gargles, parum salis nitri, vel gemmei & sulphuris calamentum, origanum, thymum, nepetar●, etc. 
Caution.  observing diligently that in the declination of this Tumour, the matter steal not down into the lungs, least suddenly you be deprived of the comfort of your cure. To prevent it therfore● minister every other day a drawing clyster, although the body be otherwise somewhat solluble. And in the declination (according to the strength of the patiented, & plight of the humours) consult of new purging and blood-letting hitherto of the most desired termination of this tumour, to wit, by resolution. the other way is suppuration, and that either outwardly or inwardly. If it grow outwardly (which you shall know by outward swelling & redness, with inward ease in swallowing) help it forward with this cataplasm: Rec. fol. malu●rum, al●heae cum suis radicibu●, ana, m.ij fol. caulium rubeorum, matrum Violarum, hissopi, ana, m.j. caricarum ping. no. xxx. Florum chamomeli, melilo●i, ana, P.j. sem. lini, & faenugraeci, ana, ℥ j capitum liliorum alborum, ℥. two furfuris P.j. fiat omnium deco●●io in aqua, pistentur & cribrentur: Cribaturae add, ridi hyrundinis in Oleo Liliorum macerati, praebulliri & postea cribati, ℥ three farin●● sem. lini & faenugraeci, farinae frumen●● ana, ℥ j (decoquantur farinae cum oxymelli●e, ad convenientem glutinositatem) axungiae gallinae recentis, Butyri rec. sine sale, ana, ℥. j croci, ʒ. j. ol. Liliorum, ℥ three fiat cataplasma. inwardly using such gargarisms as are fit for the augmentation. The abscess being opened, proceed by mundification, & the other common rules of curing, as hath been oft before declared. Contrariwise if angina, suppurate inwardly (which is to be perceived by the long continuance of the state, with increase of pain, inflammation and fever: the patiented still growing worse at nights, with horror & unequal temperature of body) make ready your helps in this manner. Rec. rad. bismaluae, sem. lini, ana, ℥. i caricas ping. no. xx. hys●opi. m.j. Coque & exprime, in li. iiij. liquoris mucosi dissolve, farinae frumenti puris. ℥ i croci, ℈ i sapae q.s. ●iat in modum linctus. Or ex syrupo iviubarum, glycyrrhizae, & pulvere radicis ireos ● Make a mixture, whereof let the patiented be often licking. So may you forward the matter likewise by outward applications. as of some Cataplasm ex farina volatilis, faenugraeci, cum decocto caricarum, maluarum, chamomi●lae & melle. After the breaking thereof, minister some mundifying gargarism: as, ex decocto hordei, cum melle: or this, Rec. aquae de prunis, & de prunella, or (in steed of their water) their decoction: ana, ℥ vij mellis rosac. ℥ iiij. aristolochiae rotund. fungorum sambuci, ana, ℥ ●s●. coquantur lente, fia●que gargarisma. 
●alse An●ina.  Hitherto of the true Angina: now followeth of the false. The universal means for revulsion & inanition being ordered, The local curation of this kind, is to be handled. much after that kind of cure of the true, which is wrought by way of resolution: observing this proportion: that those medicines that are devised for the augmentation of the other, a● meet for the beginning of this, & so forth: making your means in the declination of this, more strongly resolving, then in the declination of the true Angina. For the beginning, some use mustard dissolved in oxymellite. 
Trall.  Rec. deco●ti thymbrae, ●i. ss. oxymel. simp. ℥ iij. mummiae gr. iiij. ●●at gargarisma. succinum burnt on the coals, 
Matthiol.  & the fume thereof taken into the mouth, is much commended: or this vapour following, 
●o●bert.  if the humour be thick & slimy: Rec. origani, & salur●●e, ana, m.ij sem. faenugr. ℥. j buliant ex aceti part una, & duabus aquae, addendo salis nitri, vel gemmei, ℥. ss. this being in a pot with a hole in the cover, convey the fume of it into the patient's mouth, by a quill, or hollow pipe: Rec. sem. rutae siluestris● (alias harmalae) apij, ammi, s●haenanthi, croci, rosarī●●ubear. i●idis, my●rhae, cinnamomi, casaiae, crocomagmatis, aristol. longae, gallarum, aluminis scis●i, ana, ℥. j spicae nardi, amomi, ana, ℥. ss. costi, cineris hirundinum recens ustarum, ana, ʒiij. mellis, q.s. ad excipiendum. fiat opiata. 
Diabesasa.  This is that famous composition of the Greeks called Diabesasa, or, diaharmala, so much celebrated of them, for his virtues, in the cure of all sorts of Angina, though in reason, it seem not so fit for the true sorts: except only, after the fluxion is well stayed, as also jouberius hath truly noted. But in this kind there is especial use of it: seeing that by discretion it may be ●itted unto the several times thereof: as AEius showeth in this sort. 
Prog.  
Ser 4. terr. 2. c. 47.  In the beginnings mingle it with some decoction meanly astringent: toward the state, cum ptisanae succo: & near the declination, cum melle, aut hydromel●●e, aut uno mu●so: so that as you would have it work, so may you direct it, by your liquor or decoction, wherein you will dissolve it. Of great account also is this: 
Cure.  Sumunt ur pulli hirundinum siluestrium vi●●e cum plumis: addi toque sale pauco, in fictili bene obturato comburuntur: Recipe illius cineris, ℥. i croci, ℥ two spicaenardi, ʒ. j. melle excipiantur. This resolveth excellently, without biting. If the Fluxion continued very headlong, joubertus counseleth this fume for the stay thereof. 
Loc. cit.  Recipe Nigellae romanae, & gummi hederae torrefactorum, eoriandri praeparati, granorum & gummi juniperi, santali albi. rub. citrini, ana, ʒ j myrrhae, thuris, masticis, Nucis moschatae, calami aromatici, cyperi, ana, ℈ two spicaenardi, schaenanthi, ana, ℈. i rosarum, ℈ three Powder them, mingle them cura gumini dragagantho, dissolved in aqua rosarum, vel m●yrit, and make of them ●rochisces like lupins.  
But if the straightness of breath be great, that you fear suffocation of the fume, let the patient receive it at the nosterls, for even so shall the brain be affected with the quality thereof. You may likewise apply cupping glasses to the mould of the head, and this or such like plaster, to suspend the rheum. Rec. guttae ammoniacae, vino generoso dissol. ℥. i sinapeos vel thapsiae, ℥ ●ss. masticis, ʒ. ij. terebenthinae, q.s. fiat massa Emplastri. After the fluxion is sufficiently stayed, then may you boldly use those means, that may more immediately from the place, where they are gathered, draw out, and so expend the remnant of the humours. Rec. succi hederae, vel siclae, vel maioranae, ℥ two mannae granatae, vel mel ros. c●l. ʒ.j. ●ecoct. hordei, li.ss. misce. Minister this into the nostrils, by a tent of bombast: or cloth dipped therein. From thence may you safely pass to sharper gargles, & drawing masticatories: to dislodge the insoked humours, in the lose and spungeous parts of the jaws. The way to prepare such gargles is showed before. your masticatorie may be zinziber conditum, radix enulae campanae, pyrethrum etc. Or this compounded: Rec. cubebarum, zinzibris, nucis moscalae, ana, ʒ. j. fiat pulvis: which you may knit up in knots of linen clotheses, to chew upon: or else make a paste thereof with sigges, for the like use. Hitherto of Angina of both kind●, with their several cures continued. Now of some things that may interrupt, and otherwise fall out amiss in the cure. 
For pain.  Things interupting are pain & peril of strangling. For pain, therein before appointed, sucking of new milk with sugar. Or, (as I have tried) with Iewes ear insteped: and in the collutions for the mouth, syr. violarī● etc. allowed. The avoiding of suffocation is thought, 
For suffocation.  by authors of great authority, in the extreme peril of it, to be by incision of the rough artery: as extreme points of diseases require extreme practices of remedies, and the keeping of breath and life, for a short time, (though by a hard kind of means) in this most sharp disease, may be if much avail for nature, in the mean time, either by resolution or suppuration, to save herself. I know there is also grave authority against it, as, Aretaeus, and some other: but their reasons being these: First, that the weland being wounded cannot be healed again. Secondly: that the new wound, causeth a new inflammation: are easily answered. The latter being a case, that by means may be prevented: and the former a thing that experience daily improveth. When you come to it therefore, make your incision betwixt two of the cartilages, in the membrane which joineth them together: by cooling means, then may you preuent●al inflammation, as also hinder the to hasty joining of those parts again. Ad also this caution that the air which the patiented after incision, receiveth, 
Causes & signs.  
Caution.  be warmer than ordinary: because it must now, by so short a space, pass to the lungs, without that alteration it was wont to have, when it was received through the jaws, which may satisfy Aretaus also, for his objection of cough & suffocation, which (perhaps) he feared, through the coldness of the air. Lastly, if by any inordinate use of some of the former means, the tumour grow to Scirrhous hardness: 
Cure.  
Schirrhous tumour.  make haste to your mollifying medicines, such as these: Rec. rad. bismaluae, maluae, sem. lini, ana, ℥. i caricas pingues● numero xx. hyssopi, m.j. coque & exprime, liquoris huius mucosi, recipe, ℥ three iridis florentine, ʒij myrrhae vel styracis ca●. & stercoris ex nido hirundinum, ana, ʒ. j oxymel, scillis, q.s. fiat loch. Outwardly apply this catapl. Re●. rad. bryoniae, caepae albae, c●●umeris agrestis, ana, ℥ two branchae v●sinae, parietariae, origani, calamenti, ana, m.j. caricas xx sem. lini, faenugr. ana, ℥. i florum centaureae minoris, ℥. ss. coctis, i●sis & cretis, add butyri recentis, vel ax●ngiae anserinae, ℥ two fimi hirundinum ℥. i sulphuris, ℥. ss. ol. anetini. q.s. fiat catapl.   

Of tumours incidsnt to the Belly. CHAP. XXIX. Standing forth of the Navel.  

Causes & ●ignes.  THE prominency of standing forth of the Navel is called also in Greek Exomphalon. The outward causes are falls, strokes, labour, crying, coughing, etc. (as the party himself, or the bystanders can lightly report.) The inward causes are ruptures or breaches, by which, either the kell, or guts fall down into that place● if it be the kell: the tumour is sauft in feeling, unequal, of a like colour, etc. If it be the guts, the tumour is also saufte, unequal, easily giving place, and vanishing at the impression of the fingers: yea, sometime with noise or rumbling: and increaseth more when the party useth any bathing, or yet stretching out of the belly. inward causes are windiness: and the tumour than is saufte, yielding a sound at the striking of the fingers, and vanisheth when it is pressed upon, etc.  
In the cure you are to consider if windiness be any cause: 
Causes & signs.  
C●re.  and so to discuss the same if need be, with these convenient medicines: as Mithridatum drunk with the decoction of rue, or a clyster made in this wise: Rec. anisi, cumini, faeniculi, sem. ameos, ana, ʒ. j. rutae, m.j. ss. fiat decoctio, de qua accipe ℥ ten quibus add, ol. rutae, ol. laurini, ana, ℥. i ss. salis indi, salis gemmae, ana, ʒ. ss. zacchari, ●ub. ℥. i ss. misce fiat clyster. Minister the same every day, before meat, hot. Also to apply outwardly, you may make this medicine: Rec. lixivij, li.ij. sulphuris vivi triti, ℥ two b●racis, ℥ ss. boil them to the consumption of the third part: in this same liquor wet a sponge, and apply it to the place. Thus having removed impediments out of your way, address yourself to the joining of the rapture and first by medicines, if it be possible, such as be astringent and consolidative: as these plasters: for example: Rec. perfoliatae● q.s. boil it in water o● wine, then stamp it, and apply it to the navel. 2 Rec. consolidae ma. tritae, ℥ j cerae liquaefactae, ℥. ss. misce fiat empl. apply upon the place with lint. 3 Rec. far●●upinorum ℥. ss. pannilintei usti, ʒ. ij. those bruised together, mix them with wine, & apply them with lint. 4. Rec. fabae fresae, corticum gallarum, balausti●rum, ana, parts aequales, those sodden & stamped, bind to the part. 5. Rec. plumbi scobis, ʒ. ij. cicutae, mannae, cerussae. hipocistidis, ana.ʒ.ij. these dissolved in wine, use them as is aforesaid. An unguent for that purpose you may thus compound. Rec. aluminis scissilis, ʒ. v. faecis vini, ℥. i olci rosati, ʒ. x. gal●arum, ʒ. ij. dissolve them in wine, & form them to the thickness of honey: therewith anoint the affected place, laying aloft aspunge wet in posca, and so make your binding. If medicines may not prevail, but that handy operation is necessarily, to the cure required: then thus shall you accomplish it. The man standing or ●itting upright, command to hold his breath, so as his body may swell out at full: then take a pen with ink, & circle round about the compass of the swelled navel: after lay down the man upright, and with your scarifying lancet, trick the place round about, as the pen did go, ●o that, it become rough with your searifying: then with a hook, taking hold of the place, in the midst of the circle, and therewith elevating or drawing it up, have ready a band to tie it, about the scarified place, (for so shall it hold for going back the better,) leaving a bow knot upon the same tyall: this done, open the tumour so tied, in the top of it, and put in your forefinger, to assay, whether any fold of the guts, or else part of Omen●um, be bound in with all. And if a gut be held in the tiall, draw the knot and slack the band aforesaid, to put it in again.  
But if it be the kell you find, draw forth the overplus part of it, & cut it of, tying first the vessels, if you found any where you cut it. next, take two needles, with either of them a single thread, and thrust them through, in crosswise both sides of the gap, made by incision: and with those iiij. ends, knit together, close up the wound hard, taking off the former band. And when the parts thus bound with tiings, shall putrify, and fall away. Apply with lint, convenient medicines to the wound, and heal it up: coveting in this case, always a hollow cicatrice.   

CHAP. XXX. Epiplocele, and Enterocele.  

Def.  EPiplocele, is when the kell falleth into Scrotum. Enterocele, when the intestine Ileon doth so.  

Causes & signs.  The outward causes hereof may b● strokes, leaping, labour, shouting, or crying, vehement moving, etc. which by the patient's relation is understood. Inward causes are either rapture, or relaxation. Ruptures happen in the sides of the hucke bones, near the setting to of the belly, after some stroke, fall, leaping &c. the swelling thereof in the beginning, is not great, but only in process of time. the pain is pricking. Relaxations are always about the hole, through which, the vessels and muscles cremasteres, descend to the testicles: this tumour is without pain, but (in some persons) of great quantity, uneven, increasing, and decreasing. Now Enterocele, and Epiplocele are to be distinguished, by the signs proper to them both. For in Epiplocele the tumour is small, and oftener in the bone pubis, then in scroto. In whether place soever it be, it is like a sauftishe bounche, slippery and uneven: remaining after one manner always, as well after, as afore meat. Neither doth it swell more by the straining of the breath, as the manner of Enterocele is: neither doth it return backwarkes. In Enterocele, the Tumour is sauft, and suddenly rising, increaseth by straining of the voice, or repletion of meat, but contrariwise withdraweth itself backward, through cold or upright lying. Likewise being put upwards toward the flank, it maketh a noise, like as wind in the guts, being stirred. By feeling many times the excrements may be perceived in them, hardened: so as they cannot be avoided, like as is seen also in Iliaca passi●.  

Prog.  Enterocele, of all other is most perilous: specially, if the intestine cannot be put up: and again in some that have had the same put up, there hath followed singultuous fevers, & death itself at the length. To others again, whilst it could not be put up, hath happened Gangraena. Epipl●cele is, by reason of his sauftnes, hardly reduce●. Yet Enterocele that is new may be cured with medicines, but that which is aged, is not cured but by manual operation. Likewise, if Enterocele grow on the left side, it is worse: because colon with many folds finisheth his course on that side: and is laid upon with many of the small guts.  
First. that that descended must be put up again, into his place. 
* Amend this as before.  
Cure.  To that purpose therefore, with a decoction of Mallows first mollify the place: then lay the party with his heels somewhat high, and his legs abroad, and so by little and little, reduce the kell or intestine, (whether it be) into the place again. And by and by, bind it up, with a convenient truss, whether of clotheses, wood, iron, or such like devise: so that the inside of the bolster, & those parts that are to come near scrotum, & the flank, be covered and overlined with some sauft and gentle substance. When you have thus first provided, to put every thing in his proper place: it standeth you next in hand by all means, so to hold and keep them still: if it be a rapture, by conglutinatives, and if it be a relexation by constringent medicines. For the diet therefore, ordain, that the patient may rest for many days: lying on a safety bed, meats being of good juice, and somewhat astringent, his belly kept lose, and that in going to stool, he ever observe to press his hand upon Pubis, and scrotum, the better to prevent the falling down of any thing. Let him beware of strayninge his voice, or wind: of too much moving, of repletion or filling swith meat and drink: of the bath of honeyed water, of windy meats, and of all kind of fruits, and pulse. then for medicinal engines, you may provide Medicines sufficient, both to minister inwardly, & also to apply outwardly, to stop the mouth of so tedious an enemy: remembering (a● I said before) that against the rapture, you strive with medicines desiccative, consolidative, and constringent. But if it be a laxation, with astringents only: for which purposes I have set you down here, both inward and outward medicines convenient. And first, simples to give inwardly, for this purpose, are the juice of consolida maior, & regalis, the juice of jacea, and of sigillum salomonis. Also, syrupur iaceae, pulvis consolidae maioris, herniaria, radix pentaphilli trita, & cum vino sumpta, radix cyperi, radix plantag. radix aristologiae longae, & rotundae, scori● ferri, corralium, pri●pus t●uri, cerui etc. compounds of those and such like, you may provide on this wise: & first for a potion: Rec. Radicum bistonae, radic. narcissi, ana, ℥. i rad. cons●lidae utriusque, radic. quinque folij, rad. rubiae, ana, ℥. ss. hypocystidis, poligonni, ana, m.j. ss. sebesten numero x. dactylorum par. iiij. myrabol. chebulorum, myrabol. citrinorum mirab. indorum, ana, ʒ. j. sem. anisi, masturtij ana, ʒ. ij. florum rosarum, anthos, cyperi, ana, P.j. fiat decoctio in vin●, & aqua, & in li.ij. dissolve mellis, & zacchari, ana, parts aequales, fiatque syrupus: of which syrrupe minister to your patiented ℥ four for a dose, in the morning fasting: the belly being first unloaden of his excrements. Likewise an electuary for the purpose is thus compounded: Rec. conseruae rosarum antiquae, conseruae symphiti, ana, ℥. i conseruae florum saluiae, conseruae acori, ana, ℥. ss. trochiscorum de carabe, vel de spodio, vel de bolo, ʒ. iij. blattae bizantiae ustae, & in aqua candae equinae lotae, ʒ. ij. cum syropo cotoneorum fiat electuarium. Whereof, let the patient take the quantity of a nut fasting, & drink thereupon a little read wine. Then to the affected place outwardly, apply this fomentation, or some of the plasters following. Rec. rad. bistor●ae, rad. pentaphilli, rad. rubiae, rad. chelidoniae, an● m.ss. herniariae, polygoni, hypocistidis, ana, m.j. cumini usti, nasturiij torrefacti, ana, ℥. i florum stechados, anthos, ana, P.j. florum rorismarini, caentaureae minoris, ana, P.ij. make of them your decoction, with water and astringent wine, and therewith foment the place. Usual plasters you have, that are called de pelle arietina, Empl. commitissae, etc. which bear a name common enough to be in every man's knowledge, and have been found (no doubt) very profitable. Nevertheless there be others again of less common use, devised of sundry practitioners, which here also for thy choice, I have thought it not a lost labour to gather together. 1 Rec. balaustiorum, ℥. i ss. gallarum, ℥. ss. rad. asphodeli, rad. narcissi, ana, ℥. i ss. coquantur in vino, tundantur & fiat emplastrum. 2. Rec. thuris, masticis, sarcocollae● acatiae, lapidis haematitis, mummiae, tragacanthi, gummi arab. terrae sigillatae, ana, ʒ. iij. boli armeni, ga●larum, lithargy●ij, balaustiorum, nucis cupressi, malecorij, aristologiae longae, & ro●. corticum thuris, rosarum, radic. consolidae utriusque, orobi, siliginis, sambuci, cyperi, ana, ℥. ss. picis navalis, ʒ. ij.ss. colophoniae, resinae pini, terebinthinae, ana. ℥. j visci quercini, ℥ ●j. ss. cerae, ʒ. ij. pilorum leporis ustorum, ℥. ss. olei in quo ficus pingues coxerint, ℥. ss. fiat magdaleon. 3 Recipe unguenti comitissae, ℥ two radic. bistoriae, radic. narcissi, ana, ℥. ss. blattae bizantiae, sang. draconis, sarcocollae, aluminis, an●ʒ. iij. malaxentur omnia simul, in oleo co●oneorum, fiatque emplastrum. 4 Rec. masticis, myrrhae, corticum thuris, nucis cupressi, sarcocollae, glutinis piscis, ana, ℥. ss. gluten in aceto dissoluatur, reliqua tri●a misceantur: spread it upon leather. 5 Recipe spumae argenti ustae, ℥ ix. aceti li.ij. ℥ three olei cotoneor●m, li.ss. succi plantag. ℥ two misce fiat emplas●rum. 6 Recipe masticis, sarcocollae, sanguinis draconis, aloes, blattae bizantiae, corticum thuris, boli armeni, gypsi, gallarum, ana, ʒ. ij. psidiae, ʒ. ij. icthiocollae, taurocollae in aceto dissolutarum, ana, ℥ two malaxentur & fiat Emplastrum.  
Now if the ruptur be old, than it requireth to be cured only by manual working: as either incision, or 
a Here Wecker supposeth cauterization, to be a several kind of manual cure: whereas AEgineta (whence he seemeth ●o have it) showeth it to be a part of the cure attempted by incision, according to some men's order.  burning. The cure by incision therefore is in this sort accomplished. Three days together, before you determine to make incision, let the party drink water only, and the very day before, abstain from meat also. Then lay him upright, and let your assistant l●ft up the skin in the flank, whilst you make incision, with an overthwart line, or in transuerse manner. Some notwithstanding do make their incision not overthwart, but longwayes: and so with a hook, draw open the division: which must be in largeness answerable to the quantity of the testicle: then fastening so many hooks in the inner skin, as the largeness of the wound requireth, and excoriating as you go, the membrans and fat, divide still forward with your knife, until you have bared peritonaeum: which done, put down your finger into scrotum, and divide the testicle from all his holds therein, and so with one hand drawing up peritonaeum, and with the other, thrusting scrotum inward, to bear upward the testicle, Take it out, by the place of incision, together with his membran Erythrois: which one of your assistants lifting up, search you in the mean time, both that it be perfectly loosed from all his hinder holds in scrotum, and also that read membran Erythrois be free from all involutions of the kell or guts, (which you shall put in their place, if you found any) this done, take a sufficient needle, with a double thread of ten twistes, & in the place of the incision, thrust it through the midst of the end of Peritonaeum, and taking the four ends of your double thread, bind them strongly across, one over another, in the form of this letter X, & that with a double knot: 
See Aegi● li. 6. ca 65.  so as none of the nutrient vessels, may pass any nourishment from them, for fear of inflammation. Also outwardly, two fingers from the other, give another binding. After which things, (leaving the length of a finger of peritonaeum,) cut off all the rest together with the testicle. Last of all, divide scrotum again in the lower part, and put through a drawing tent, and so fomenting the place with oil, and applying convenient ligatures, after the manner taught in Hernia aquosa, perform that business. Some, when they cut away the membran called Erythrois, do cauterize the end with a hot iron, for fear of flux of blood.  

ANNOTATION.  
ᵃ Here Wecker supposeth cauterization, to be a several kind of manual cure: whereas AEgineta (whence he seemeth ●o have it) showeth it to be a part of the cure attempted by incision, according to some men's order.    

CHAP. XXXI. Cirs●cele.  

Def.  CIrsocele is a varicous rapture, (so called) when the veins nourishing the testicle, do swell.  

Signs.  The tumour is but small, and of a diverse form, both in the 
a By epididime is here meant, the place of the setting to, of the vessels to the testicle.  epididime and spermaic vessels, which are thereby (as it were) heaped & woven together, and writhe. It is hard, and in figure long, easy to be perceived in feeling. It is less grievous than Hernia carnosa. If it be of any notable groweth or continuance, it is hardly or never cured, but by handy work.  
The cure therefore is to be laboured with mollyfying medicines: as, faenum graecum, semen lini, farina frumenti, ol. sesaminum etc. or else with handy operation, which is thus to be performed. First, place your patient decently for your purpose● then stroking scrotum gently with your hand, drive the nerve 
b Wecker hath this at the hand of Paul AEg. who is commonly known to be deceived in his opinion of Cremaster, howbeit, the substance of the cure is contained in that that followeth, namely, the tying, and empting of the vessels, wherein I wish this to be observed: that before the lower tyall, next to the testicle be made, the vessels first be opened, and the thick dreg●gish blood contained both in them & the testicle, be let out.  cremaster into the lower part, you shall easily know it by this: that it is a slenderer, stronger, harder, & solider vessel then the rest, and the patiented at the thrusting down thereof will complain, feeling himself troubled about the yard. Then the dilated vessels, being taken up with scrotum, 
See Aeg●● li. 6. ca 6●●  between the fingers of you and your assistant, & hard stretched, cut slopewise, with your incision knife, through the skin that lieth directly over them. After that, lifting up the vessels with hooks, when you have bared, and separated them from their holds in the skin, and other parts, pierce them through with a needle, & double thread: then cutting off the needle, bind the vessels, both in the place of their first dilatation or enlarging, as also in the lower end of the same. This done, make incision along upon them, and empty out the blood contained. Lastly, with medicines that move matter, effect the cure, and so that the bindings together with the vessels, may fall away of their own accord.  

See Aegin. loc. cit.  This course must be taken (saith Leonides) when some of the nutrient vessels are varicous, or dilated● otherwise, if all the vessels be in like case, then are they to be cut off, & the testicle to be taken away with them.  

ANNOTATIONS.  
ᵃ By epididime is here meant, the place of the setting to, of the vessels to the testicle.  
ᵇ Wecker hath this at the hand of Paul AEg. who is commonly known to be deceived in his opinion of Cremaster, howbeit, the substance of the cure is contained in that that followeth, namely, the tying, and empting of the vessels, wherein I wish this to be observed: that before the lower tyall, next to the testicle be made, the vessels first be opened, and the thick dreg●gish blood contained both in them & the testicle, be let out.    

CHAP. XXXII. Bubonocele.  
BVbonocele, 
Def.  is when Omentum, or I leon fall into the flank, and there remain, not running down into scrotum.  
Peritoneum in this case, is either broken or relaxed, it becometh broken, by some fall, stroke, crying, etc. as aforesaid. Relaxion is showed above in the causes and signs of Epiplocele. The disease itself, being a visible tumour, in the place mentioned is easy to be discerned by the eye.  
Let the diet and medicines in this cure, be the same that is set down in Epiplocele, & Enterocele. And if the kel or guts be slipped outward, put them in again, and so with convenient trusses, or flank binding, hold them there. There are also further means used ●f these serve not: as incision & cautery: both which I will here set down unto you. 
Incision.  And first the incision thus: divide the swelled part of the flank, with an overthwart incision, the breadth of three fingers long, take out the membrans and fat: then with a probe ●et upon peritonaeum, where it pointeth out, bear it down, thereby to compel again the entrails into their place. And this do every where, whereas it bouncheth out: in the mean time, sowing together the breach with a convenient seam, then pluck forth the probe: and thus neither cutting of peritonaeum, nor the testicle, nor yet binding any part, only with means fit for a green wound, finish the cure. The cauterio is to be used in this manner. 
Canterie.  Let the man in mean sort move his body, and by violent coughing, stretching, and holding of his breath, make the tumour in the flank appear at large: then compass the place that you will cauterize, with a pen, & ink, first in trianglewise, so as the transuerse line of it, tend upwards, along the flank: then make a prick or sign also in the midst of the triangle. This done, lay the patiented along, and apply upon the middle mark your hot iron, first, a narrow pointed one, than a three co●nered, like this Greek letter ●: and thirdly with a Laterculer, or lenticulate cautery: match the compass of the whole triangle, your assistant still being with a cloth ready to dry and wipe the place of the burning: which must be so deeply done, until you touch the fat: and that in a body of mean habit or plight: for in lean bodies, the iron is not to be deeply imprinted: jest so, unawares, you should burn peritoneum. Neither is it a meet way in fatter bodyes● because in them, the fat will appear before you come to a just measure in burning. But how much it is mee●e to burn, an artificial conjecture must be the rule. After the cautery, minister to the crust, Sal una cum porro tri●us: and use a flank binding or truss, in the likeness of this letter X, the days following, use means to remove the escar: as lenticula cum melle, and such like.   

CHAP. XXXIII. Sarcocele.  

Def. See Aeg. li. 6. c 63.  SArcocele is a fleshy ruptured as when fleshy matter groweth in the fibrous knittings of Scrotum. It may come of some inward fluxion occasioned by some stroke, leaping, & c. or some incision for rapture, and not rightly done. The part affected is the testicle, or nerves, or coats thereof, hardened by the growing of flesh ●mongest them. It is known even by feeling● as also in sight: The tumour is round, longwise, following the fashion of the testicle: hard, and in long time, by little and little increaseth. Likewise, if it be Schirrous, it is without pain: but with a pricking kind of pain, if it be malign.  

Prog.  Hernia Carnosa notably grown, cannot be cured, but the testicle is to be taken out.  
To take away the same by incision, 
Cure.  you shall work on this sort: place the patiented, as in the cure of Enterocele aforesaid, and make the like division also, and if the testicle have become faulty, through flesh engendered thereabout●●ut away both the membran 
a 
See Aeg. li. 6. c. 61.  By dartos, AEgyneta understands not the second coat of the testicle, as we do, but the middle skins that ●ye s●rotum to Erythrois.  Darto●, & erythrois: & lif● up the testicle, and take it out with erythrois: sever 
b By Cremaster, the same author meaneth to note a certain nerve (which otherwise untruly also he calleth Paras●ra●es) which should spring from the spinal marrow, and descend with the other vessels, to the testicle, and that it should be deputed, to convey the seed to the yard: but being only a fancy of his own, we cannot receive it.  cremaster from the vessels, and cut 
c Words more than need. The scope i●, that after artificial binding of the vessels the testicle with all the carneous growing be cut away  it away: bind the vessels, ●nd take away the testicle, that had so joined itself with superfluous growing flesh, as an unnatural thing. But if this same growing of flesh, be in any coat or vessel, then after the division of scrotum, and the membrans under the flesh, take away all that that hath grown into fleshiness: but if the hinder commissure, or seam be covered with flesh, take away the same commissure, and the testicle withal: for without it the testicle cannot remain. Moreover, there are incident to the testicle Tophous, 
Tophus in the testicle.  or knotty growings● hardening upon the membran ●rythrois: stifning the same much, and yielding hardness, and inequality in handling: thereby differing both from the fleshy and waterish ●uptures: yet it is to be cured by the hand, as is the fleshy rapture.  

ANNOTATIONS.  

See Aeg. li. 6. c. 61.  ᵃ By dartos, AEgyneta understands not the second coat of the testicle, as we do, but the middle skins that ●ye s●rotum to Erythrois.  
ᵇ By Cremaster, the same author meaneth to note a certain nerve (which otherwise untruly also he calleth Paras●ra●es) which should spring from the spinal marrow, and descend with the other vessels, to the testicle, and that it should be deputed, to convey the seed to the yard: but being only a fancy of his own, we cannot receive it.  
ᶜ Words more than need. The scope i●, that after artificial binding of the vessels the testicle with all the carneous growing be cut away.    

CHAP. XXXIIII. Hydrocele.  
HYdrocele, 
Def.  is when water descendeth into scrotum, or is therein gathered.  
The immediate causes are waterish humours, 
Causes & signs.  contained either in all scrotum, or in the membran erythrois ● or dartum: either of which, you shall thus descry from other: for if it be in those membrans, than the tumour is round & with tension in the testicle only, scrotum being free & wrinkled, after his natural manner. Contrariwise when the matter possesseth all scrotum, the tumour is (the part being set betwixt you & the light) through shining, unpainful, firm, stable, & scrotum without wrinkles. It may come also of 
a I cannot hereunto consent: that the resort of blood should 'cause Hydrocele. All men know, rather, an inflammation & mortification: But here Wecker was borne down in the stream of AEgineta.  blood, but then some stroke or fall hath been the occasion: & then the tumour is ruddy, or blackish. Mediate or mean causes, conducing thereunto, may be imbecility through cold distemperature, either of the liver, or else of the vessels 
* * I would rather read contained within scrotum.  enwraping scrotum, by occasion whereof, the blood that cometh thither for nourishment, is changed into a waterish or whaish & unprofitable susbtance. The tokens of a cold distemperature doth bewray this case. Further, you shall try out, whether the parts enwrapping scrotum, be affected first, and by themselves, or else by consent of some other part, after this sort. If there be any consent, as of the Liver, or Spleen, examine the state of those parts, by the proper signs and notes of the livers affects, and of the dropsy: and if you find faultiness in those parts, then is there consent: but if those parts be sound, and there no signs of dropsy, the tumour also unpainful, firm and abiding, you easily see where all the fault must be laid.  
To go about this cure: 
Cure.  foresee first, whether the part be affected by itself, or by consent of some other: as by cold distemperature of the liver and Spleen, which if you do suspect, set an order, both by heating diet, and medicines, that may resist the same: diligently spending out the watery matter, contained in peritoneum, by often purgations. In vain else shall you go about to lay local medicines to waste away the water in scrotum, when the same shall be still supplied out of the abundance in peritonaeum. Those things therefore thus provided for: prove if you may by medicines discuss the watery humour in scrotum, as by this fomentation: Rec. lixivij, li. iij. Cumini ℥ two petroselini, apij, ana, ℥. ss. salis, li.j. make your decoction hereof, & foment the place. A cataplasm for that purpose, you may make ex stercore recen●i vaccino, mixed with a third part of Bole arm. or sanguis draconis, etc. or, Rec. stercoris Caprae, ℥ three coclearum contus. cum suis testis, ℥ two sulphuris ℥. i misce, make thereof a cataplasm: which must be often removed. It availeth also to use pulu. radicis brassicae ustae, cum adipe suillo recenti. 
b Or this plaster after fomentation: Rec. empl. de Baccis lauri, li. ij. mithridatij, ℥ three fimi columbini. ℥ four lupinorum, ℥ three baccarum lauri, cumini, ℥ i absynthij sic. ℥. ss. florum Camomillae, ℥ ●j. florum hyperici, ʒiij. aquae vitae, ℥ ●ij. ol. hyperici, ℥ uj fiat empl. Hereto may be increased, or diminished, the number or quantities of ingredients, according to the wisdom of the Artist.  The last refuge is incision, which may be performed in this sort. 
c This long discourse of manual operation, out of Paul. AEg. as it satisfieth no● me, so (perhaps) neither many others. It may suffice us, when there is such store of water gathered, as our local medicines cannot fast enough dispend it, to provide more open vent, by one of these ij● ways: ●o wit, the seron, or the cu●●ing c●●●●erie.  Shave away the hair (if there be any) from scrotum, & pubis, and lay the patiented upright on a form, with many folds of cloth under his hips, but under scrotum a sponge of sufficient largeness: yourself sitting at the leftside of the party, your assistant on the right: appoint him to turn the yard to a side, & lift up the skin of scrotum to abdomen ward: then make your incision from the midst of scrotum, up along, almost to ●s pubis, and near the seam that divideth scrotum in the midst: and continued your division, even down to the membran Erythrois. If you find humour, gathered in a peculiar engendered coat: make your division just, where you espy the out-pointed part of it. Thus your incision being made, and the sides drawn wide open with hooks, as also the tunicles 
Ronde●.  
* * Look the annotations of sarcocele.  darti being divided, with a rapture knife, fit for that purpose: make bore the membran Erythrois, and divide it in the mids with your lancet, especially in that part where it is divided from the testicle, & so the humour being either all, or for the most part, let out into a vessel, standing underneath, with hooks draw out Erythrois, that is all the thin part of it, and then use means to engender flesh again. But if the testicle be touched with putrefaction, or be defiled any way, then after you have bound the vessels annexed to the 
* * Look the annotations of Sarcocele.  nerve called cremaster, cut out the testicle and take it away. In like manner deal with those that labour with a double rapture, 
See Aegi●● li. 6. c. 63.  in double wise endeavouring the cure, by incision on both sides of scrotum, towards the flanks, which done, put in your probe by the wound, down to the bottom of scrotum, & when you have wrought with the head of your probe, such a dent or pit, on the in●ide of the skin of scrotum, that you can perceive on the other side where the head of the probe lieth, against the same cut through scrotum with the edge of your incision knife, so much as may serve to give issue to the matter, or cluttered blood contained, and with the same head of the p●obe pluck in a long drawing tent, or linen cloth, which may come through the orifice above. This done, apply to the testicle Wool wet in oil, and aloft outwardly, other pieces, wet in oil and wine, and besides doing this to scrotum, lay the like bats of oil and Wine also to the bottom of the belly, to the flanks, to the loins, and along the space between scrotum & the fundament. So aloft on all, make your enwrapping with a linen cloth, three fold, contrived with six strappes or boughtes, and other convenient bindings for the purpose, letting the party keep his bed, and boulstring up scrotum with wool, that it may lie at ease: providing always to lay under the same will, some soft leather skin, for the receiving of the fomentations, that willbe always syping through: for you must foment the place with hot oil till the third day. The third day, the wound being opened, dress it again with tetrapharmacum, and change the long tent that went through. Also yet foment the parts without until the seven. day: for fear of inflammation: and apply aloft some plaster, to keep in the tents. The wound being by those means purged, and flesh in a reasonable measure engendered, wash the place, draw out the long tent, and accomplish the rest of the cure, as hath been said in other like before. Now if there come any inflammation, or flux of blood, or such like, it is meet to make convenient resistance by their proper remedies: which here I stand not upon, jest I should make needless repetitions of the same things, in fit places delivered.  

ANNOTATIONS.  
ᵃ I cannot hereunto consent: that the resort of blood should 'cause Hydrocele. All men know, rather, an inflammation & mortification: But here Wecker was borne down in the stream of AEgineta.  
ᵇ Or this plaster after fomentation: Rec. empl. de Baccis lauri, li. ij. mithridatij, ℥ three fimi columbini. ℥ four lupinorum, ℥ three baccarum lauri, cumini, ℥ i absynthij sic. ℥. ss. florum Camomillae, ℥ ●j. florum hyperici, ʒiij. aquae vitae, ℥ ●ij. ol. hyperici, ℥ uj fiat empl. Hereto may be increased, or diminished, the number or quantities of ingredients, according to the wisdom of the Artist.  
ᶜ This long discourse of manual operation, out of Paul. AEg. as it satisfieth no● me, so (perhaps) neither many others. It may suffice us, when there is such store of water gathered, as our local medicines cannot fast enough dispend it, to provide more open vent, by one of these ij● ways: ●o wit, the seron, or the cu●●ing c●●●●erie.    

CHAP. XXXV. Of Pneumatocele.  

Def.  PNeumatocele is a windy rapture or bursting. The mediate cause is cold distemperature etc.  

Causes & signs.  The immediate, wind: and that either in the four nourishing vessels of the testicles, (the tumour then appearing hard and not vanishing by the pressing of the finger) or else in the arteries running betwixt the tunicles of 
* * Here still you must understand, according as is noted ●n sarcocele.  dartos: in which case the tumour giveth back, and vanisheth being pressed with the finger. Now, if the parts be affected first, & by themselves, then shall you see no signs of dropsy or tympany, nor of any affect of the liver, or stomach, then by the proper signs of the affects of those parts, as also by the notes of those named diseases, you shall descry it. In brief, the general signs of windy rapture, are these: The ●ump● is through shining, lighter in poised, & yielding more sound or noise, than in Hydrocele.  
If the affect be in the iiij. vessels, nourishing the testicle, 
Prog.  it is curable, but in the arteries of dartos, uncurable. In new borne children also it often happeneth, and is easily discussed.  
If it come by consent of the liver, or stomach, it is to be dealt withal, as in the tympany. So the dropsy is first to be cured, 
Cure.  if this be occasioned there by. ●ut if the part first, and by itself have received the affect, and be faulty alone, then is it thus to be dealt with. The mediate cause, which is, cold distemperature, if it be without matter, it is the sooner corrected by heating diet and medicines, but if pituitous matter be joined with it, then must you first altar or concoct it, after evacuate the same matter, by convenient medicines. Now for the immediate cause, which is windines in the place, you must prepare discutient medicines, such as these: a Fomentation. Rec. cumini, baccarum lauri seseli, rutae ana, ℥. i fiat decoctio in vino leviter astringente, & lixivio, & therewith foment the part. A bag for it may be made ex milio, sale & ●umino. So may you apply Emplast. de baccis lauri: emplastrum de meliloto. Or this: Rec. stercoris vaccae, li.ij. sulphuris, cumini, ana ℥ three mellis parum, mix and make a plaster. Another: Rec. farinae fabarum, li.j. cumini, apij, petroselini, ana, ʒ●ij. coque in vino, fiat empl. The last means is by incision: which is to be performed as is said in the varicous rapture. First strongly binding all the veins: But you must note that this cure pertaineth not to that kind of windy rapture, that is in the arteries of Dartos, (which kind is said afore to be uncurable) but in that that consisteth in the iiij. vessels of the testicles only.   

Of the Tumours of the Glandulous parts. CHAP. XXXVI. Of Bronchocele.  

Def.  BRonchocele (otherwise called B●cium, & Hernia gutturis) is a great round tumour in the throat, betwixt the skin and rough arteries in which is sometime contained, a certain 
a Bronchocele, is of two sorts: the one, when Atheroma, Steatoma, or Meliceris grow in that placae. The other is a dilatation of the proper vessels of that place, after the rate of Aneurisma, or Varix.  dull flesh: sometimes again a humour, like honey or fat, or like to a pulteis: other sometimes here's, mixed with little scraps of bones.  
The antecedent cause, 
Prog.  
Causes & signs.  which is phlegmatic humour, is to be searched out by the signs of phlegm. The conjoined cause, as also the signs of the disease, are evident out of the definition.  
If this disease come naturally, 
Prog.  it is not cured, and hardly enough, if it come otherwise 
Cure.  
b The last of the two in the former annotation is uncurable. .  
The antecedent cause must first be taken away, 
Cure.  (that is to say, pituitous humours heaped up in the body:) partly by diet, and partly by medicines. Let the diet therefore be such as may heat, dry & make thin, according as is set down in the cures of Oedema, & Struma, avoiding all vaporous and thick nourishours: and such as be apt to gender viscous humours: also loud cryings, stooping down with the head, etc. The order of diet thus instituted: come to the ordination of medicines, which must be (first) of property to altar the quality of the humour, by preparing and concocting the same, such as is this syrup. Rs. syr. de duabus radicibus, mellis ros. colati, oxymellis s●illit. ana, ʒ. ij. aquae betonicae, aquae maioranae, aquae faeniculi, ana, ʒ. iiij. specierum pliris arco●icon, vel diamoscu dulcis, vel diambrae, vel cinamomi, ana, ℈ iiij. make thereof a syrup, clarified and aromatized for iij. doss. the humour now prepared, purge with this bowl: Rs. turbith op●. ℈ four zinzibris, ℈ j elect. Indi maioris, ʒ. ij. zacchari q.s. fiat bolus: or this, Rs. turbith, ʒ●j. ss. zinzibris viridis conditi, ʒ. ij. zacchari, q.s. fiat bolus: else this potion, Rs. aga●ici trochisk. in oxymelli●e infusi, & expressi, ℈ four turbith. ʒj. salis gemmae, gr. vj. zinzibris gr. vj. syr. ros. sol. ℥. i ss. aquarum betonicae, & melissae, ana, ℥ two fiat potio. Turn you then with all your engines of art, against the conjoined cause, as here followeth: Rs. satureiae, hyssopi, polij montani, pulegii, spicaenardi, ana, ʒ. ij. sem. apij, sem. petroselini, ana, ʒ. ij.ss. anisi, ʒ. iij. glycyrrhizae, ʒ. ij. nucis moscatae, ●aryophillorum, ana, ℥. ss. cinamomi, ʒ. iij. piperis longi, mirrhae, ana, ʒ. j ss. make of all these a most fine powder, and give thereof to the patiented three hours before meat, three times a week, ʒ. j. for a dose, in white wine, and this, by little and little, shall waste away the humour from the place, whetherto it is resorted: and it is especially to be used in winter. Now for medicines to be applied to the place itself, you may conveniently provide you amongst these that follow. Recipe ammoniaci, bdellij, galbani, in aceto dissolutorum, ana, ℥. i ss. picis navalis. ℥ ij. resinae pini, ℥. i ss. miscean●ur manibus unctis oleo sycionio, fiatque Emplastrum. another, ex bd●llio melli mixto. a third, exch●lce viva, axungiae sui●lae mixta. a fourth, ex stercore caprino, in aceto liquato: a fifth ex lixivio & melle. A sixth on this wise compounded: Recipe radic. brioniae, radic. cucumeris agrestis●, ana, ℥ three ficum immaturarum paria vj. amygdalarum amar. ℥ two scillae ℥. i ss. colocinthidis. ℥. ss. coquantur in aequis partibus olei veteris & vini maluatici, ad vini comszm. ●eran●ur, & cribrentur, deinde add, farinae fabarum, & orobi, ana, ℥. ij.ss. far. sem. lini, & faenugreci, ana, ℥. j medullae cruris bubuli, ℥ four ol. nucum q.s. croci, ʒ. j ss. fiat empl. An unguent is this: Rec. sem. sinapi, & urticae ana, ℥. ss, rutae agrestis ʒ. ij. ireos● ℥. ss. aceti, ℥. i ss. olei de castoreo, ℥ four cerae, q.s. fiat unguentum. If you have need to come to manual operation, than incision being made, take out the same, with the case or skin, as is before showed in the cure of S●ruma: foreseeing wisely aforehand, that there be not any dangerous implication of nerves and arteries, in the matter contained.  

ANNOTATIONS.  
ᵃ Bronchocele, is of two sorts: the one, when Atheroma, Steatoma, or Meliceris grow in that placae. The other is a dilatation of the proper vessels of that place, after the rate of Aneurisma, or Varix.  
ᵇ The last of the two in the former annotation is uncurable.    

Supply. CHAP. XXXVII. Parotis.  
PArotis, is an inflammation, 
Def.  in those glandules specially that are seated about the roots, 
Cure.  
Fernel.  & behind the ears. It cometh of ho●e humours flowing thither from the head. 
Causes & signs.  It hath all the notes of Phlegmone, as tumour, redness, heat, and panting pain, except (as it is sometime) it be partaker of Oedema. As it is sometime without a fever, so is it, other while in a sharp fever: there having gone before, franticness, or pain and heaviness in the head.  
The critical Parotis tendeth naturally to suppuration. 
Prog.  The other endeth best by resolution. Paro●is not cunningly resolved, turneth often into a schirrous tumour. 
Cure.  The diet and universal means, being ordered, according to the rules propounded in the general tumours. See that your local remedies be first partakers of some astringency, but in no wise reper cussive, because to beat back, as it is not safe, in any of the Emunctories, so, much less in this, so near to that noble part, which, for the continual resort of superfluities, hath need sometime, of many channels, and ventes, to disburden itself by. Some astringency yet, I allow, (I mean in the Parotis not critical, the cure whereof I will first handle,) jest the fluxion should be too headlong, and unruly. as for example, a pulteis made, ex medulla panis (I mean wheaten or second bread,) urina puerorum infusa, or, ex farina hordei, vel fabarum, aqu● & oleo chamomelino decocta, putting to last of all, mucilaginempsylij, vel cotoneorum. or, Rs. chamomillae, parietariae, florum rosarum, florum arboris pomiferae fructum acidodulcem feren●●s, ana, m.j. coquantur in aqua, cribraturae add medu●lae panis lact infusae, li. ss. ●xungiae porci, vel butyrirecentis, ℥ uj or as you see it meetest. In the sharpness of the pain. Recipe olei camomile. liliacei, ana, ℥ two ung. dealiheae, ℥. i fiat linimentum. apply it with flank wool, or butyrum maiale oped. praeparatum, cum oesypo, or cum oleo chamomel. amygdal. anethino, etc. or, if you choose a cataplasm: Recipe far. hordei, & faenugraeci, ana, ℥ three decoquantur in aqu● & oleo chamomelino, velirino, velanethino, vel ex semine linin & fiat cataplasma.  
When you have made some stay of the fluxion, proceed to discuss more largely: as, cum butyro maiali mixed cum sale torrefacto, & subtillissime puluerizato, and applied with brown paper, fowlded three or four double, being looked thereinto, as butter into a toast: else it may be ministered w●th wool: so likewise, 
Rondel●tius.  if you add to the latter cataplasm mel, or frame one ex melle, favina fabarum, & farina hordei, leviter coctis: you shall sufficiently perform that duty. In the end, if there remain any thing, by these undiscussed, the pain being ceased, apply Diachilon mag. ireatum, Diapalma with double quantity of chalciteos, and some of the powder of Ireos, or diapalma mixed with proportionable quantities of bdellium and Ireos. If it bend to suppuration, 
Parotis suppurate:  the case is one with the critical Parotis. then shall you further it, as with such like cataplasms: Re●. maluarum, m.j. rad. bismaluae, ℥ three ficuum par. xx. coquantur & pistentur diligenter, per colum transmittantur, quibus add axungiae porci, ℥ four ol. communis ℥ three farinae frumenti, leviter decoctae in colatura decoctionis herbarum, li.ss. misceantur & reducantur ad formam catapl. This may you make stronger by adding also mucilaginem faenugraeci ad ℥. j ss. So may you towards the breaking, put in some fermentum acre, or c. After the breaking, follow the ordinary way of mundifying, incarning, and cicatricing.   

CHAP. XXXVIII. Of the small tumour Phyma.  
PHyma is a small tumour like the Furuncle, 
●●f.  but rounder & plainer, often also greater, lighting upon the glandules, or kernels. 
Causes & signs.   
The antecedent cause is abundance of blood, either in the whole body, or in some part: which you shall found out by the signs of abundance of blood. The conjoined cause is blood now driven into the affected part, whereof cometh inflammation. The signs are, 
a 
●orr. def. ●ed. ex Galeno.  Another special note, whereby the authors distinguish Phima from the other inflammations of the glandulous Emunctories, is, that it is of speedy suppuration.  round tumour, and even, exceeding the quantity of half an egg: the pain and inflammation, is lesser yet then in the furuncle.  
This tumour showeth itself often in children, 
Prog.  and is easily taken away. To striplings it happeneth seldomer, and is more difficult to cure. In a riper age, is not seen.  
Provide for the cutting short of the antecedent cause by diet & blood letting, 
Cure.  as is set down in the Furuncle. The blood impact in the place, must be discussed, if it be thin, with these plasters: the first consisting, ex rad. altheae, attriplice, parietaria, & adianto, vino incoctis. An other, ex a●moniaco cum melle mollito. A third, ex lupinis amaris, propole, & aceto. A fourth, ex radice cucumeris agrestis, & cor●tc. rad. capparis, & terebentina. A fift ex nitro, fermento & ficubus. A sixth, Rec. ammoniaci, bdel●ij, ana● ℥. i ss. terebynthinae, ladani puri, ana, ℥. i propoleos● ol. antiqui, ana, q.s. aceti parum fiat Emplastrum. Now if the matter be too thick to be resolved, provide to suppurate it as with this emplaster: Rec. cortic. rad. capparis ℥. i ss. caricarum ping. par. v, far. lupinorum, ℥ two fermenti acris, ℥. ss. coquantur in aceto, & oleo de lilio, vel amigdal● dulcium, ad aceti conszm. addendo nitri, ℥ three caepa●um q.s. fiat Emplastrum. When it is come to suppuration, open it, unless it break of his own accord. afterward proceed by accustomed art, to mundify it, if it be foul, to fill with flesh that that is hollow, and to seal it up with cicatrice when it cometh to be even.  

ANNOTATION.  

Corn, or ●g●aile.  
●orr. def. ●ed. ex Galeno.  ᵃ Another special note, whereby the authors distinguish Phima from the other inflammations of the glandulous Emunctories, is, that it is of speedy suppuration.    

Supply. CHAP. XXXIX. Phygethlon or Panus.  
PHygethlon, 
Gal. I●. 2. de art. cor ad Gl. cor. cel. li. 5. c. 28.  or Panus, which is also an inflammation of the glandulous Emunctories, is broader, and with less swelling than the others, 
Act. med● li. 2. c. 12.  and therefore more Erysipelas like: which is his difference. This groweth (as doth Parotis) sometime of the crisis of a fever, 
fern. li. 7. c. 2.  sometime by occasion of some outward hurt, or painful issue in the parts below, as when it falleth into the flanks, or armpits, for some affects in the legs or arms. Concerning curation, a word or two may suffice: there needing no great labour for a distinct handling of it, for him especially that is any thing well exercised in the general tumours. After meet evacuation, and seemly diet set, ordain your local medicines both repressing, and discutient: 
vict. 〈◊〉  as Rec. urinae pu●i, li.j. vini albi fortiss. li.ss. album. ovorum no.ij. conius. aquae r●sarum rub. ℥ two fiat fo●us, & apply it warm with bats of flax. 
Parae.  or, R●. myrrhae rub. thuris albiss● ana, ℥ ss. singula seorsim in pulverem redacta, duobus sacculis includantur, ac in aceti oped. sextario semis, vini albi oped. sextario uno percoquantur, and therein wet double linen clotheses and apply often to the place.  

Resolution of the glandulous inflammations.  
BVbo in his proper signification, is that inflammation that lighteth in the flank: the tumour then bearing the name of the part, according to the Greek original. Notwithstanding late writers, taking it some time in a larger signification, do understand thereby any of the late mentioned glandulous inflammations. We taking it likewise in the same larger sense, do divide it into two kinds: simple and malign. The simple is that that followeth humoral fevers, or pains of any parts: which also varieth his name, according to the place wherein, or humour whereof it is engendered. The place, as if it be beehind the ears, and then it is called Parotis, or in the flank, & so called properly Bubo. They that are discerned for the humour where of they spring are Ph●ma, which cometh of ●incerer blood, and therefore sooner suppurateth, and Phygeth●on which consisteth more of collar. Now the malign Bubo, is to be divided into venereus & pestilent: which follow here to be treated of.    

CHAP. XL. Bubo venereus.  
THis is an inflammation of the glandules in the flank, 
Def.  gotten by some venereous touch.  
The antecedent cause is a contagious humour, 
Causes & signs.  procured by some touch of venery 
a For in that sinful & unclean coupling, there is a vennimous impression made partly by the yard, partly by the flanks, 
jul. Palm.  which sometime affecteth together the yard, other sometime, stayeth not therein, but pierceth wholly into the inner parts, leaving nothing yet to be seen without: which contagion nature finding, at convenient opportunity, sorteth out such humours, as are therewith defiled, and laboureth to expel them by the same region the evil entered.  etc. The conjoined is corrupt and infected blood. The tumour is hard with pain, heat, etc. First in this case, 
Cure.  you must deal with the conjoined cause, to wit, the blood driven now into the affected part: which, if it come slowlyer, must be drawn by means & helps: as fomenting the place with oil and warm water: or with some epitheme, of the decoction of Lilies, althaea. malowes, violets, linseed, & Fenugreke. Or further drawing may you use, with cupping glasses, if so be that need require. 
Causes & signs.  
b Giving the patiented daily, some treacle or other proper Aexipharmacum.  Now if the matter be of a swifter motion, and gather readily unto the place, then discuss the same first with gentler means, afterward with stronger. The gentler means: Recipe ol. liliorum, ℥. i ol. Chamomillae, ℥ ss. misce. Another: Recipe emplast. de meliloto, emplastri de mucilagine, ana, ℥ ij ol. liliorum, qs. misce fiat emplastrum. A stronger sort: Recipe emplastr. dia●hylonis ircati, ℥ four terebynthinae, ℥. i amurcae, ol. liliorum, ℥. i ss. fiat ceratum. Another: Recipe diachilonis magni, ℥ four olei irini. qs. fiat ceratum. A third: Recipe amoniaci, bdellij. opoponacis in aceto dissolute. ana, ℥ j terebynthinae lot● ℥. i ss. florum Chamomillae, sambuci, ana, P.ss. pull. ireos. florent. ℥. ss. ol. Chamomeli, g●s. fiat emplastrum. But if you find the matter unapt to be resolved, then provide to maturate the same with such a like plaster. Recipe foliorum maluae, violariae, ana, m.ij radi●. altheae, li ss. capitum liliorum alborum. ℥ four coquantur & contundantur, addendo sarinae triticeae, vel hordeaccae. q.s. ol. communis, butyri, ana, ℥ three pingued. porcinae, ℥. ij.ss. vitellorum ovorum, numero ij. fiat emplastrum. After this, look to the antecedent cause, to wit, the contagious humour yet flowing: for 
c This rule is well to be regarded, but not perpetually maintained. For though in sanguine and choleric Buboes, which come to suppuration, this (except there be intolerable fullness) may easily be granted. Yet in Phelgmatike or melancholic matter, which is neither speedy toward maturation, nor resolution, (and therefore neither so fleeting, that we should fear backward recourse) I know no cause, if the body be withal replete with ill juice, why a meet evacuation by purging, shall not rather in lightening nature of some load, stir her up, to perform riddance of the rest with greater expedition, rather (I say) then hinder or damnify her, in this business. A thing well noted, and proved of jul. Palmarius, lib. 2. de Lue venerea. cap. 8. and ratified by the daily experience of those, that observe the events of their ministration with judgement.  it is not in the beginning to be evacuated, (for hindringe nature's motion) but some days put between, jest the party fall into the venereous disease. The same contagious humour (therefore) is to be emptied partly by bloudletting, (if nothing hinder) and partly by purging medicines, instituted according to the nature of the body, and humours, etc.  
Finally, (to prosecute the cure by maturation, as is a little above said) when it is ripe fully, and also opened, (either of itself, or by instrument, as need requireth) it is to be dealt withal, with cleansing medicines, first of gentler sort, than stronger, after with incarnatives, and so to cicatrisation, as hath been often before remembered.  

ANNOTATIONS.  
ᵃ For in that sinful & unclean coupling, 
Ronde●.  there is a vennimous impression made partly by the yard, partly by the flanks, 
history.  
jul. Palm.  which sometime affecteth together the yard, other sometime, stayeth not therein, but pierceth wholly into the inner parts, leaving nothing yet to be seen without: which contagion nature finding, at convenient opportunity, sorteth out such humours, as are therewith defiled, and laboureth to expel them by the same region the evil entered.  
ᵇ Giving the patiented daily, some treacle or other proper Aexipharmacum.  
ᶜ This rule is well to be regarded, but not perpetually maintained. For though in sanguine and choleric Buboes, which come to suppuration, this (except there be intolerable fullness) may easily be granted. Yet in Phelgmatike or melancholic matter, which is neither speedy toward maturation, nor resolution, (and therefore neither so fleeting, that we should fear backward recourse) I know no cause, if the body be withal replete with ill juice, why a meet evacuation by purging, shall not rather in lightening nature of some load, stir her up, to perform riddance of the rest with greater expedition, rather (I say) then hinder or damnify her, in this business. A thing well noted, and proved of jul. Palmarius, lib. 2. de Lue venerea. cap. 8. and ratified by the daily experience of those, that observe the events of their ministration with judgement.    

Supply. CHAP. XLI. Bubo Pestilens.  
THis is that Tumour in the pestilence that lighteth in the emunctories. The signs are a small swelling at the first and movable, but in feeling to the sick, as a load or burden. 
Differences in 〈◊〉 cause 〈◊〉 Bubo 〈◊〉 the ●●●●buncle.  Also with much pain and lack of sleep, etc. Causes are the same with the Carbuncle, save that the authors make this difference: that the Carbuncle cometh of hot adusted blood, but Bubo of the more phlegmatic part. This tumour is to end by suppuration: being otherwise a messenger of evil news. 
Cure.  It must be drawn forward, by all such means as are mentioned in the Carbuncle: & suppuration speedily furthered. Therefore besides the inner helps, by Alexipharmackes, to assist nature to the thrusting forth of the venom, as also the outward, by cupping glasses, (if the matter flow but slowly) set on every six hours, till the place be sufficiently gathered, you may grow to this cataplasm: 
jul. Pal. loc. cit.  which you may also begin withal, in such places as you need no cupping glasses: Recipe rad. symphiti maioris, liliorum, ceparum, ana, ℥. i fol. oxalidis, m.j. cum butyro salis experie, fiat pila, sub cineribus coquenda: dein conterantur omnia, & cum oleo liliaceo, axungiaque porci, adiecto mi●hridatio & fermenti momento, subigantur. Or, Recipe cepam magnam excavatam mithridatio aut theriaca impletam, cum aliquot rutae sollijs, have calidis cineribus obrue, assa, deinde tuned, & cum axungia suilla misceto, and apply it as a cataplasm to the tumour. The matter being sufficiently collected, bring it to ripeness by these means: Recipe fol. oxalidis, cum butyro salis expexte, in pilam componantur, coquantur su● prunis, tundantur, & adiecto ung. basilici duplo, in cataplasma coaptantur. To this you may add, in the colder Tumour, fermenti, ℥ three or, Recipe radic. altheae & symphiti, fol. oxalidis, sem. lini, ana, ℥. i coquantur & tundantur adijciendo unguent. basil. ℥ two fiat cataplasma. In a colder matter this: Recipe unguent. basilici ℥ three fermemi secalini acris, ℥ two ol. liliorum, butyri recent. ana, ℥. ss. theriacae, ʒ. j. fiat unguentum cum vitellis duorum ovorum. This ripeneth and lightly draweth, but in hot matter sharpeneth the pain. After the matter is thus made ready, make speedy issue, or vent, by incision● or caustic. Then have your mundificative, ex melle, farinis, & vitellis ovorum, your incarnative such as this: Recipe masticis, thuris, myrrh●, cerussae, tutiae, farinae triticeae, vel ●abarum, adipis ceruini, vel capi, ceraeana. q.s. misce fiat linimentum molle. Last of all conglutinate as in other matters.   

CHAP. XLII. Cruddeling of Milk in women's breasts.  

Def.  THis is an engrossinge or thickening of milk in the paps. It proceedeth either of distempered heat, turning the milk: 
Chir. mag. ●r. i c. v.  
Causes & signs.  The signs whereof are heat, fever, yellowish milk, Relife by cold things, and such like: or else it is of cold, heaping up, and binding together, apparent both by the sense of the party, and handling: as also by the sight of the milk: which is waterish, or viscous and slimy. Also the patiented feeleth relief by hot things.  
If this affect be not quickly cured, it bringeth forth either inflammation, or ulceration of the paps.  
For the hot cause, appoint the patiented a cooling diet, 
Cure.  as lettuce by itself, or boiled with flesh, etc. her drink Barley water, or small ale. And if there be plenty of milk, let her breasts be emptied by sucking. Cooling medicines for that purpose are these: succus solani cum aceto, applied: or, succus portulacae, or, morsus gal●in●e cum aceto: or, suc. apij cum aceto, & farina ●icerum: or, suc. coriandri cum ol. ros. & aceto. Also, farina hordei cum aceto mulso, aut cum posca: or, furfures in aceto cocti, cum rutae decocto, etc. In a cold cause, let the diet be heating and extenuating. The medicines also of property, to warm and make thin, as these: Mentha contusa, & cum farina horá●i & faenugraeci, altheae & sem. lini. ol. ros. & pauco aceto permixta, and applied, lentes muria decoctae, and applied, cuminum cum modico ●roco, applied: or, decoctum faenigraeci & altheae, sem. apij: also, ol. chamomelinum, anethinum, amygdal. dulcium. Coagulum leporinum, cum butyro & pauco aceto: or, Coagul●m cum vino potum: or, succus caulium, morellae, coriandri, portulacae, cum aceto & farina ●ordei, mixta omnia simul. atque in formam emplastri redacta: or, succus apij cum aceto & farina cecerum, etc.   

CHAP. XLIII. Inflammation of the paps.  
MEdiate causes are, plenty of blood, cluttering or abundance of milk. 
Causes & signs.  Of abundance of blood in cause, the signs are pain in back, shoulderblades, and armepittes, suppression of menstruous course, pain, heat, fever, with other signs of blood abounding. Of cluttered milk the signs are manifest. So childlabour near hand, or new fulfilled, argueth the part to be inflamed through store of milk. Then is there less redness, heat, etc. The immediate cause is hot distemperature: The badges whereof are, fever, heat, pain, etc.  

Second intention in the cure  
Prog.  The substance of the paps being open and kernellie, not much abounding with inborn heat, it is doubtful lest the inflammation g●owe to Scirrhus or Cancer: e●ther else being suppurate, and coming to abscess, an eating ulcer follow. Wherefore the cure of it, is in no wise to be neglected.  

Cure.  If it be for plenty of blood, or milk, ordain a cooling diet, and let there be frication of the thighs, moderate sleep, the belly kept solluble, with clysters, or potions ex cassia, or manna, etc. her meat diminishing blood, such as Beets boiled with butter and vinegar, sodden apples, toasts in drink, rear eggs with juice of Oranges, abstaining from flesh broth, etc. Her drink, Barley water, or small ale, or the decoction of Cinamon● And for quantity, let the patient be spare, in all her diet.  
In the beginning the patient may have blood taken, in proportionable quantity, for her plenty, and strength: and that in her inner ankle (if her inferior course have failed) or else in the Median, or Basilica of the cubit: applying (withal) outwardly, medicines meanly repelling: as posca cum spongia, or decoctum chamomillae, cum oleo rosac. & aceto, folia solani cum butyro, & oleo contusa. Or, Palmulae in posca & oleo ●lixae, deinde malaxatae, or, succus coriandri c●m rosaceo, etc.  
But in the augmentation, digerent and discutient remedies, as this Epitheme: Recipe florum Chamomillae, meliloti, altheae, faenigraci, semen lini & anethi, ana, manipul● j coquantur in aqu●, cui add oleum rosarum, anethini, ana, ℥ two aceti, ℥. i herein a sponge being wet, apply to the paps: or a plaster: ex farina fabarum, faenigraeci● sem. lini, & hordei, & panecontrito, in aqua decoctis, cum oleo anethino, additis duobus vitellis ovorum, ac croci a●que myrrhae, ana, ℈. i else, ex farina fabarum cum melle. In the state, make your medicines maturative (especially, if the former have nothing availed) such as these: folia maluae in hydraeleo clixa. radix maluae: vis●i, fol. maluae cum axungia porci malaxa●a: or, farina triticea cum hydreleo. The tumour being ripe, procure the opening by instrument, or sharp medicines, etc. If crudeling of the milk was occasion of the inflammation, have respect to the Chapter going afore. In the rest of the cure, proceed by abstersives, conglutinatives. etc.   

Supply. CHAP. XLIIII. Inflammation of scrotum and the testicles.  
AS this cometh sometime of outward occasions: 
Causes & signs.  as strokes, bruises, & other evil applications: so also of sudden inward defluxions, and that very often. The signs are manifest.  
For diet and bloudletting, observe the rules of ordinary inflammations. Losing of the belly (which in this case also must needs be respected,) is best to be done by clyster, except the body be such, as is easily moved, by the lighter means otherwise. Your local medicines must be framed (likewise) according to the times of the inflammation, as thus for example: 
f Small beer or ale, with us, which also (if time and place do serve) may be ton●ed up with vulnerary herbs, as sani●ula● ophioglossum, Alchimilla, consolida, agrimonia, betonica, vinca pervinca, aristolochia. etc.  
Rondel.  in the beginning: 
Beginning  Rec. succi plantag. vel solani, li. j● far. hordei, li ss. ros. rub. cort. mali granati, ana, ℥. i ol. ros. ℥ iiij fiat cataplasma: or this, which both repelleth & discusseth: 
Augment.  Rec. urinae pueri, li.j. aceti alb. fortisses. li. ss. aquae ros rub. ℥ two albumina ij. ovorum contus. misce: and with bats of flax, dipped in it, apply it to the testicle, & to the vessels descending thereunto. If you would have it a cataplasm you may bring it to the form, cum fa●ina fabarum: or, Rec. urinae pu●ri, li.ss. panis furfuraceae, in lact recen●i in fusae, li.j. mellis, ℥ iiij fiat cataplasma, which is also good in confusion's and to assuage pain: like as is also, that ordinary one: consisting ex● lact, & farina fabarum. 
state.  If the pain be such, as urgeth to suppuration: Rec. maluae, rad. bismaluae, an. m.j. far. ●rumenti. ℥ three far. faenugraeci, & sem. lini, an●, ℥ ij. ol. viol, pingued. por●● ana, ℥ three decoque, & contusa per cribrum transmittantur, fia●que cataplasma. 
Declin.  If yet the pain continued, decoquantur folia hyos●iami sub cineribus, & contusa excipiantur axungia porci, reducanturque ad formam cataplasmatis, and so apply it. It allayeth pain, and ripeneth the inflammation. If the tumour do by these means resolve and vanish, pursue it with a cataplasm ex farina orizae, vel cicerum, vel orobi, cum oxymellite, vel sapa, vel vino: or, with a plaster, ex chalcitide, brought into the form of ● cerote, cum oleo antiquo, vel ane●hino, vel rutaceo, vel irino. Otherwise, if it decline not, but suppurate: procure the opening by instrument, or as you shall think good, and finish the rest of the cure, as is said in other inflammations. If there ensue a Schirrous hardness (as it attendeth on every inflammation not justly ordered.) First soften it with mollifying fomentations, as ex amygdal. dulc. lil. oleo dulci, vel in sapa decoctis, vel butyro recenti, vel axungia porci non antiqua exceptist afterward disperse the matter with digerent oils: as amygdal. amar. irino, antiquo, rutac. aneth. Or some cerote ex diachalcit. cum gummi & ol. amygdal. or such like.  
Last of all, as a wonderful cataplasm, this is commended of Rondeletius: Recipe radic. mandragor. recent. li. ss. hyosciami & alchecengi, ana, manipulum, j decoquantur in sapae, & per c●ibrum simul contusa mittantur: quibus add rad panacis, ℥ two (vel loco ●ius opoponacis in eodem decocto liquati) fiatque adformam emplast●i: addendo cere parum, vel ad formam cataplasm. addendo styracis ℥. ss.  
As for such Tumour in this part, as proceedeth of cold and dull humours, and so of longer congestion: he that is exercised in the cure of Oedematous tumours, cannot be unfurnished to deal with them.  

ANNOTATION.  
Here I omit the tumours of the yard, both inward and outward, as brooches of the french disease: which in this book I handle no●, partly, because mine author hath not led me, (though he have touched some things thereof) but specially because some of our countrymen do in absolute treatises handle it of purpose: Who (I doubt not) will never cease, until they have brought their good intent to a full measure of perfection, for that point, not only concerning the main disease itself, but even for all those symptoms beside, that deserve any several respect therein.    

Of the tumours of the limbs or extreme members. CHAP. XLV. Paronychia.  

Hot intemperature.  
Def.  PAronychia, is an abscess, or inflammation, gathering in the roots of the nails.  
The antecedent cause is blood inflowing, 
k This is most excellent of Paracelsus: Rec. rad. hyosciami, q.s. digerantur in aceto rosaceo as solem, fiat Epithema: In this wet clotheses, and apply warm to the pained place. Lolium and Papaver may be used in steed thereof. And this wonderfully suageth pain.  
Causes & signs.  which you may descry by the notes of abundance of blood, the conjoined cause is the blood contained in the part affected, etc. This tumour is about the roots of the nails, the pain is vehement, with pulsation, heat, etc.  
This tumour sometimes is found with grievous symptoms, as pain, so great, that it purchaseth a fever, alienation of the mind, and sounding, and so ends by death sometimes. Again, it ulcerateth, and bringeth an eating and corrupting both of the flesh, and bone, and so consequently a Gangraene, or Sphacele, and perdition of the whole finger, etc. The blood inflowing (which is said to be the antecedent cause) is first to be driven out, 
Cure.  and that either from the region or seat, whence it floweth, whether it be from the whole body, or a part, (as by bloudletting and diet, as is said in Phlegmon) or else from the part whether it doth flowe● and gather: and this may you do two manner of ways: one way is by revulsion, to wit, in pulling away to a contrary part, that which is drawn towards the part affected, which is done both by blood letting (if no thing withstand) and cupping: these being done on an opposite or contrary part. Another way to remo●e the matter from the seat whether it gathereth, is, by repellent medicines: as unguentum album cum caphura, ung. Populeon. Or, Recipe succi portulac●, succi solani, succi plantag. succi vmbeli●i veneris, ana, ℥ two mucilaginis Psillij. ℥ ij. boli armeni, ʒ. ij. gallarum, ℥. ss. caphurae, ℈. i olei ros ℥ three mix them: or ex oleo mirtino & liliorum. or, ex oui albumine, & oleo violato: or, a plaster ex ●yosciamo cocto cum axungia, & mucilagine psillij, vel maluae. Sometime, in special pain, you may use opij ℈. i cum lact, croco, & vitello ovi. Now the blood gathered and contained in the affected part: (called the cause conjoined) if it be thin, and fit for resolution, must be discussed & spent out, by using first warm wine, and after oil of roses. But if it be thick and rebellious to resolution, maturate the same, with this unguent: Recipe 
* * Peradventure it should be ung rosarum.  sacchari ros. ℥. ss. axungiae gallinae, ʒ. iij. vitellorum ovorum, numero j butyri recentis parum. Make the same a● unguent, in a mortar, and that without fire. Or with this plaster: Recipe mucilag. psillij, adipis suilli, butyri recentis, vitell. ovorum, farinae sem. lini, farinae faenugraeci, ana, q.s. fiat emplastrum. When it is ripe and opened, mundify it first whilst it is filthy, either, cum melle, terebynthina, & hordei farina, & unguento apostolorum. Or else, with the powder of Mercury, if need require. After, when it neede●h to be filled with flesh, provide this unguent: Recipe myrrhae, thuris, sarcocollae, ana, ʒ. j. aloes, ʒ. iij. terebynthinae, ʒ. v. mellis ros. col. ʒ.ij. misce. If the pain be great, it must be mitigated by the means aforesaid. If there be corruption or perishing of the bone, there must be use of Cautery, etc.   

CHAP. XLVI. Of Warts, and corns, to wit, Myrmecia, Acrochordone, Clavo, and Thymio.  
THere are four kinds of warts, as Mi●mecta, 
Def.  which is a small, callous, round and thick tubercle, sitting with a broad foundation, and yielding a sense like to the biting of a pissemire, or ante, when it is handled.  
Acrochordon is a hanging kind of wart, standing of a slenderer bottom, callous, round and without paine● Clauus is a round callous wart, of colour white, fashioned like the head of a nail, growing upon the toes and soles of the feet, and procuring pain in going. Thymon is a little wart appearing upon the body, slender beneath, like Acrochordon, but at top brother, very rough and somewhat hard. It groweth in the beginning of the foot, palms of the hands, or inferior parts and soles of the feet, the vilest of all, is that that groweth in the unclean or secret parts.  

●●●ses & ●●nes.  The cause of Warts is a thick humour: for the most part, melancholic, when as the Warts are of blackish colour, the temperature of the body, melancholic, the patient's diet, cold and dry, etc. But otherwise phlegmatic: when the warts are of whitlie colour, and the temperature and diet phlegmatic, they are known one from another, by these notes. Myrmecia hath a brother root, and slenderer top than Thymon. It is lower, harder, fuller of pain, and less subject to bleeding then Thymon, and scarce, at any time, exceeding the greatness of a Lupine. Acrochordon is slenderer in the bottom, broader in the top, always standing out from the skin, seldom growing greater than a bean, most commonly incident to children: sometime turning to matter, otherwhiles, suddenly going away: and now and then moving in some measure an inflammation. Also they grow many in number, etc. Clauus is round, callous, white, making pain● to the goer, and specially addicted to the toes, and soles of the feet. Lastly, those that are referred to Thymus, are eminent and broader, hard and rough, slender in the lower part, in colour, representing the flowers of Time. Somewhiles they bleed. They grow commonly to the greatness of the Egyptian bean, 
Prog.  and are sometimes one, sometimes more in number. Myrmecia goeth not away without curation. It is burned with medicines: it sticketh in with broad roots, so that it cannot be cut out, without a great ulceration.  
Ac●ochordon often times ceaseth by itself. If it be cut out it leaveth no root behind, therefore, neither doth it grow again. with medicies' it may be burned.  
Clavi go not away without curation. If they be cut you shall see a round root underneath, which descendeth down even to the very flesh. The same root being left behind in cutting, the corn or Agnayle groweth again. by cutting or burning, they are most readily cured.  
Thymon often vanisheth away of itself. If it be cut away, there groweth a round root underneath, as in Clauus. It is cured by eating or consuming medicines.  

Cure.  The cure of all which, both universally and particularly, you shall prosecute in this manner. If the thick humour (which we have noted afore, to be the cause of this disease) be melancholic, bend your force to the taking of it away, first by blood letting, if nothing hinder, and the body appear abounding with blood: then with a diet heating and moystninge, and engendringe good blood: and thirdly by medicines: to wit, such, first, as prepare and altar the quality of the humour: as oxymel scilliticum, oxymel compositum, syrupus de epithymo, de fumoteriae, de lupulis, etc. then such as purging, diminish the quantity manifestly. Such simples are these, senna, epi●hymum, elleborus niger, etc. compounds: diasenna, d●acatholicon, confectio hamech. If the humour be pituitous or Phlegmatic, then instituting first, a diet that may divide, or scatter, and make thin, prepare the humour with medicines of the like quality, and then purge it with Diaphe●i●um, Benedicta laxativa, Elect. Indum, etc. The causes thus gainstood, come then to deal with the affects themselves, which you shall do either by medicines, or manual operation. Let your medicines be resolutives lightly astringent, and proceeding in them (as you need) from the weaker sort to the stronger, and more vehement, like as here you have examples of all sorts: the gentler, oleum phisticorum, oleum frumenti, ol. de Been. oleum sulphuris, ol. lini, etc. cera rubra, succus chelidonij, etc. also succus calthae cum sale, caput lacertae, aqua ex sarmentis viridibus, dum comburuntur, cum nigella, etc. the vehementer sort are these corroding medicines: as Calx, arsenicum, cinis, shall Alcali, Cantarides, mel anacardi, lac Tithymalli, flos aeris, sal cum aqua raphani, fimus ovillus, etc. Whereof you may prepare you compounded once on this sort: as one, ex cinere salicum, cum aceto, vel, ex nigella, cum urina: vel, ex sterc●re bovis cum aceto, vel, fimus ovillus, cum aceto: another ex flore aeris, sulphur, aqua● sarmento●um viridium ustione extillata, simul mixtis: a third, Recipe floris aeris, chartae ustae, ana, ʒ v. colo●ynthidis, baurach, ana, ʒ. uj. salis ammoniaci. ℥. ss. salis alkali, ar●enici, ci●rini, fellis vaccini, ana, ʒ. v j usneae persici, ʒ. seven. terantur, & cum aqua saponis fiat lixi●ium. The manual operation is three fold, to wit, incision, ligature, (which must be cunningly administered) and ustion or burning: in the which operation, you must have an iron plate, or such like matter, with a hole in it, made fit, to couch close about the borders of the wart, that you will cauterize, so that none of the sound skin about it, may appear through the same, than the cautery being set on as far as needeth, resolve the crust with butter, or some unctuous thing, that it may lose, and afterward cure the place, as other ulcerations. Observe here among (as there is always an eye to be had to the accidents) that jest any pain, inflammation or exulceration should chance to the parts, (as they are apt to come by means of burning medicines) you do, in the using of the remedies, (for the more security sake) defend the parts lying round about, with an unguent made ex bolo armeno, terrae sigillata, aqua rosacea & aceto, or such like. Hitherto hath been spoken of the common cure of all these warts, now to their special cures, 
special cure.  wherein is some varying, according to their several differences: so those that be called Myrm●ci●, are to be cured, partly by medicines eating, or corroding, partly by chirurgery. Of that sort of medicines are, alumen, Chalcanthum, sandaraca, caput lacertae, succus arboris ficus, elaterium cum sale, cortex thuris cum aceto, ruta cum nitro & pipere, nitrum cum urina, stercus bovis cum aceto, etc. capu● piscis smaridis, salsum & ustum. By chirurgery also, as first scarifying them, and then catching hold of them, with a mullet, cut them out, with an incision knife, like as you do corns. another way is practised, by drawing and sucking them first into the mouth for a space, and then suddenly biting them clean out, with the foreteeth: some do yet otherwise: to wit, first scarify them in the extreme part, them with a brass or iron pipe, or old goose quill, thrust into the bottom of it, do sprittle it up by the roots. Acrochordon●s are to be removed, either by ligature, cutting, burning or biting. Clavi, or corns are cured, parley by medicines, partly by chirurgery, the medicines being resolving, as faex vini, fellupi pisc. cera rubra, aq. for●is, etc. or this prepared plaster: Rs. ●mp. diachy lonis magni, ℥. ss. resinae sutorum, ℥. ss. salis, ʒ. ij. mix them, and the same being spread on a cloth, apply it to the corn changing it every fourth day. It is a proved one. The chirurgical administration in this, is incision, and burning: the order of both which, are afore set down. Thymi are done away, partly also by medicines, as are cinis salicum cum aceto. or cum ficubus in aqua coctis: and partly by chirurgery, namely ligature: which is by binding the same very surely and strongly, with a silk thread, and still more and more girding it, till it fall off: afterward cu●ing the same, like to other ulcers. And in this sort are they best cured, which grow in the unclean, or privy parts. There may come in use, in this cure, also both incision and burning with fire, and hot irons, or such other: which orders have now been often enough repeated.   

Supply. CHAP. XLVII. Tumour in the knee.  
TVmors in the knee, whether they be inflamed, oedematous, or flatuous, need no several tractation, this being observed, that there be greater heed taken, when there is use of incision, and more corroborating & strengthening means, in the process of every such cure, then in other ordinary places, for the joints sake, and synewye parts there lodged.   

Supply. CHAP. XLVIII. Varix and Aneurysma.  

〈…〉. li. 7. ● 3.  VArix is an unmeasurable dilatation or enlarging of a vein, the place is (most commonly) the legs. It cometh of some stroke, contusion, much labour, straining and travail, 
Flux of the sinews.  sometime of filling and swelling of the body, as in women with child. The vein thus enlarged looketh blacker than others: sauft, easily yielding to the finger, and soon returning. It breaketh out in the end to a filthy and intractable ulcer: 
Prog.  sometime the vein bursting suddenly, daungereth the party of death by bleeding. If withal the patient have a stitch in his side, 
De Apost. c. 25.  then judge the disease to be tending towards death, sayeth Paracelsus.  
This cure hath two considerations, 
Cure.  to wit, as the disease is young, and as it is inveterate. The growing of it is to be cut off, by strengthening and astringent local means: inwardly withal providing, that melancholic juice increase not. Outward means are these simples: bolus armenus, terra lemnia, nux cupressi, gallae, acacia, hyposistis, thus, cyperus, iragaganthum, hordei farina, etc. Of which may be made fomentations & cataplasms, or apply them mixed cum ovi albumine & aceto: profitable also is Emplastrun contra Rupturam & such others, likewise a roll dipped in vino austero, or other decoction of astringent things, and applied from the ankle to the knee is much commended. If you require more ample setting out of the devise of these kinds of medicines, have recourse to Vigo li. 4. cap. 6. The inveterate Varix (which commonly keepeth some periodical turns of increasing and decreasing) must be opened and vented in his periodes: or (as I may speak) in the determinate season of his pride and rage● as once a year, if it return but once: or else twice, if twice it do advance itself. afterward alway, for three weeks or a month, anoint the place daily cum pinguedine humana, or Balsamo sulphuris: else with them mixed together, as you shall see it good, binding up the member afterward, with a strengthening ligature. Thus shall the feculent blood, at fittest opportunities, be emptied: (which seemeth verily to answer nature's expectation) and the member afterward receive dew confirmation and strengthening: this last giving us assurance, against all further growth of Varix: and the former making us secure● for the return of any evil upon the principal parts. Which two points, as they are not sufficiently satisfied by any other ways of curation, so jest of all (that I may yet speak with reverence towards the inventors) by incision. Therefore have I abstained to teach it in this place.  
Aneurysma is the like dilatation or enlarging of an arterye. 
Putrefaction.  
Aneury●●ma.  It is to be known from Varix ● by the great, lifting and (often times) painful pulsation that is in it. It is sometime in the inner parts, sometime in the outer. In the inner parts, as in the breast, or about the spleen and mesenterium: discernible otherwhiles to the eye: or (at lest) notoriously felt of the patiented. In the outer parts, and that either superficially, or deep in the member: the superficial Aneurysma may both be seen and felt. The other, though it escape the eye, yet it is easily found out in feeling, by the extraordinary greatness of his struck. Especially if the vessels be brooken, and there grow separation of the other continued parts about them, through their unmeasurable pouring in of spirituous blood: which case, I content not myself only (here) to touch, but purpose further, by a clear instance to prove it, chief for the taking away of the doubt, which the reverend F●rnelius hath put in this behalf. 
●7. c. 3.   
Not two years passed, a servant of the right honourable, the Lady Marquis of North. dying of Aneurisma in his thigh, whereof he had long time languished, with most intolerable pain, I was present at the opening thereof, with master Goodrus, now chirurgeon to her Majesty, & this (of a certainty) the case was: Incision being made along the thigh, half an inch deep, or somewhat more, there was found no further substance of flesh, but thenceforth blood, either concrete, or fluent, lodged as in a trunk, from the flank, down (almost) to the ham, in quantity about a gallon and a half, the bone was as a staff thrust through a leather budget: for so had it no flesh abiding on it, only periosteon covered it. The few fleshy parts and muscles, yet toward the skin remaining, were daily still in consuming (which we might judge by the abundance of muscles, and fragments, some lose and swimming in the blood, some separated, others half consumed, yet hanging by one end) so, as it seemeth the natural end would have been, by sudden efusion of all this blood and spirits, when (at last) the skin and fleshy parts had all been worn and washed through. Thus much I thought not in vain in this place to be registered, (if there were no other use of it) even for the rareness of the observation. It is a desperate disease, 
Ignis P●●●sicus. Cancer.  
Prog.  and (for the most part) utterly uncurable: especially if it either grow with in the bulk of the body, or in the deep parts of any member.  
Institute a cooling and thickening order of diet, 
Cure.  which doth ease in all sorts. Against the superficial Aneurisma you have two scopes of practice: th'one preservative, the other curative, to preserve the patiented longer in hindering the increase of his disease, beside his order of living rightly instituted, with some dozell or fit bowlster, laid on the place, keep the member rolled. If the vessel be not broken, but enlarged only, then likewise anoint it with such things as serve for the varicous vain. Now if you attempt the cure, the way is by incision: and that, either as the vessel is yet whole, or as it is now broken by extreme distension. 
Lib. 6. Ch. 28.  If it be whole, follow Pareus counsel, in taking up the vessel, then binding it abo●e the enlarged part, afterward cuts it quite a sunder, and let the tiall remaime till it come away of itself: so heal the place again, but if the vessel be broken, 
Aetius Tetr. 4. ●●r. 3. c. 10.  then serveth the devise of surprising: which is wrought, by taking up, and knitting the same vessel, where you can find it, above the breach: after which, you may boldly open the tumour: let out that which was contained, seek out the broken vessel, and knit it above the breach: then take away the tiall above, and leave the last till it fall away, in the healing.   
The end of the book of Tumours.   

THE SECOND BOOK, ENTREAting of wounds, and first in general. Of the differences of wounds.  
THE differences of wounds, are taken either from their causes, by which they are inflicted: or from their accidents to wit, the place wherein they are situated● the causes are either bodies with out life, or else living things. Things without life that wound a man, do it either by cutting, or bruising: if it be by cutting, we call it simply a wound: if it be brusingwise done, we call it a contused wound, or Ecchymosis. Again it may be of a living body as a wound that is of biting. Now the place giveth difference in this sort: some wounds chance in the similar, some in the organical parts. Of the similar, also, some are sanguine, some spermaticke, so the wounds in the sanguine parts, as in the flesh, are either, simple, deep, hollow, plain, or proud with flesh. The spermaticke parts, likewise are either hard or sauft: the sauft parts be, the sinew, which being hurt, we call it a wound in the sinew: the vein, whose hurt we call a wound in the vein: the artery, whose wound we call by the like name: the hard spermaticke partest are the bones, a wound in the which, we call a wound of the bones. Wounds of the organical or instrumental parts, are either of some whole bulk or trunk, or some more particular member or limb. Wounds of the trunks are meant those of the head, neck, breast and belly, in the head again, there grow more particular names and differences, by reason of the parte● thereof which be of special note and name: as wounds of the face, eyes, nose, lips, and ears. Wounds of the limbs are these, to wit, wounds of the shoulders, arms, thighs and legs.  

CHAP. I. Of a green wound.  
A Wound is a breach of continuity, 
Def.  new, and bloody, with out either matter or putrefaction.  
Causes are, 
Causes  either sword, or such weapons, as may be sent from far to do the hurt: of which kind, there be divers fashions, some long and slender, as arrows, both with plain and bearded heads: others broad, some again round, as bullets of lead, or y●on, othersome empoisoned.  
Signs of the wound, 
signs.  as also whether it be in a similar or instrumental part, are easily discerned by common sense. The signs yet of the instrument that causeth the wound, are not always so manifest. For although (as is said before) some are stricken at hand, as with the sword, or such other weapon, yet we know also, that some hurts are sent further off, which being done by things of small compass, as a pellet or bullet, may be out of sight, lying hidden in the flesh. The place thereof if you shall handle, you shall find eminent, rough and uneven. The division doth not tend directly forward, but showeth greater, and wider. The flesh showeth blackish, bruised, and there is pain with certain heaviness. The wounds that are empoisoned you shall perceive, in that the flesh will show pale, of a blow colour, and be deaddish, etc.  

Prog.  Wounds in the fleshy parts are easily cured, but those of the nerves, veins, and arteries, do not unite again, neither are without danger. The bones do join again by their natural glue. Wounds in the 
a 
Of these, some are necessarily mortal: as wounds in the heart, midr●ife, stomach, guts, and bladder: Some, but for the most part, as those of the brain: (●f we credit Arcaeus, lib. de vul. and Coiter in his observations.) The rest, as in the Lungs, Liver, Spleen, and Wesande, most often healed, if they be artificially dealt withal, as witness many men's observations, together with our experience. Very dangerous also, are overthwhart wounds in the Muscles, and such as are inflicted, when the member is extended.  
Paracelsus observeth a matter more secret, 
Chir. m●. li. i c. xuj.  where he sayeth: When Choler ●ath betaken itself to the arteries, ca●sing the parts to tremble, and move unorderly: if at the same time, those parts be hurt, death ensueth, which I understand to be, by reason of the extreme ebullition, and profuse expense of the spirits, which by no means, can at that time be restrained: for therefore he saith afterward, that in the same danger is every wound, made in any ebullition. That then we need not marvel, though of a small wound the party sometimes dye, without any manifest cause. And the uncertain success of wounds, both by reason hereof: as also of sex, temperature and lurking accidents, causeth the same author otherwhere esteem it f●te●, to reckon all wounds (that is to say, of all parts) in the Catalogue of deadly, rather than accounted any of them safe, and void of danger.   instrumental parts, as in the brain, heart, lungs, liver, spleen, midreife, weasand, stomach, guts, and bladder, are deadly. A fever, sounding, perturbation, alienation of the mind, cramp, etc. coming upon a wound, are perilous. There be iij. terminations to wounds. The first and shortest is within seuen● days. The longest xl. days. And the middlemost (according to the nature and order of sharp diseases) xiv. days. If the wound appear suspicious and enwrapped with doubtful indications, prognosticate nothing until the seventh day.  
To the direction of the cure, of wounds in general, pertain iiij. intentions. 
Chir. mag. tr. i c. xiiii.  
First intention of the cure.  The first must be in regard of the cause, the second of the disease or wound itself, the third respecting the part affected: and the iiii. the symptoms o● accidents concurring. The cause, to wit, the outward things wherewith the wound was inflicted, must (if they stick yet in the same) by all means, be sought to be removed. Which purpose to achieve, you have two notable ways to work, that is to wit, by instruments, and by medicines: by instruments, in this sort: if it be a long and slender dart, consider, whether the head of it be even and smooth, or else uneven and bearded, if it be even, it is to be drawn forth, either on the contrary side, or the same way it went in. You are to choose the contrary side, if so be there be likelihood of doing more hurt, by tearing the parts, in drawing it backwards, then in taking it out contrary way. The way therefore being opened sunder the flesh with an instrument made after the similitude of this greek letter 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 now when the dart head appeareth, & showeth itself, into the place of your incision, if the steal or shaft be yet in the head, it will help you the better, to thrust it through, to the other side, that so, you may there draw it forth. But if only the head stick within, then must you make shift, either with your fingers, or some convenient instrument to take hold of it, and so draw it forth. If you see it more convenient, to draw it back again, the way that it went in, that must you also attempt by the like reason: to wit, the wound being enlarged, draw it out by the steal, if it have any, if it have none, draw forth the iron either with the opening cane, or the crow bill, or the dart drawer, or other like devised instrument for the purpose: enlarging sufficiently the wound, if otherwise, it be to narrow fo● the instrument. Now if the head be spiked or bearded, if the beards be small, break them off first, and then draw out the dart: but if the beards be large, convey quills in that order betwixt them and the flesh, that the flesh may not be torn in their going out: but if the head be bearded both forwards and backwards, so that it can come out neither way, then must you needs open the place with a new incision (without you know of a vein or such other vessel of danger, in that place, that forbiddeth it) and so sufficient room being procured, take forth the head gently and without plucking. Some do likewise bridle those beards, with quills, or pieces of reeds, that they may not tear, and so pluck them out that way that seemeth readiest. Broad darts or spear heads being hidden in the flesh, it is not expedient to thrust them out on tother side, for fear of making one great wound upon another, they are therefore to be pulled out with Diocles' dart drawer. An instrument devised by Diocles, and called of the Greeks Eraphiscum. If a bullet of lead or iron, be lodged in the wound, first place the party's body in the same gesture (if it may be) in which it was when it received the wound: and so search with a probe, which way the pellet is gone, (this observe in the drawing out of all artillery) if the case be such as the patient may not have his body placed in that order, yet at lest, so place him, lying, that, as much as may be, he may come near to the fashion. This done, enlarge the wound, and take out the pellet by the way that it entered, with some hook, probe, crowebill, or scissourlike mullet, or such other, as the wound is easliest able to receive for that operation. If so be, the shot be in such sort hidden, as that it may in no wise be found, or else may not safely enough be drawn forth, then is it to be let alone, till nature either thrust it forth, or manifest it. And it hath been seen sometime, that without offence of nature, a bullet hath tarried within, for a certain space, after the wound was cloosed up and healed. And again, after a certain space, to come forth by way of apostemation: after which the wound hath been perfectly healed, the same cure being used thereto, as to other wounds. To speak generally of all sorts of engines inflicting wounds, if they stick in but superficially, and have not pierced or broken any great veins, then are they to be drawn out, the same way they went in. As also it falleth out sometime, even in those that lie deep: to wit, when manifest danger, either through loss of blood, or consent of some principal parts, is forespyed likely to fall out, through the opening of the contrary side. In such a case therefore, we either draw it forth with our fingers, or by the steal of the shaft, or dart, (if it have any) or otherwise, by conveying a steal into the hollow of the iron, and so wind it forth. But there is another case, wherein if it lie deep, it is not to be plucked out the same way, but, but, on the contrary side, as when the way is longer for it to come back again then to be thrust through outright, and hath already in going in, pierced through veins and sinews: briefly, when but a little whole flesh remaineth to be pierced through, & that nothing letteth, whereby incision might not be fitly made, on the other side against the point of it, in such a case, it is better to open that that remaineth, and thrust out the dart, on the other side. for so, it is both nearer hand to find, and safelier taken out, as also in a great member, if the point have once passed the midst of it, it healeth easilier, if the way be made quit through, because it may receive the help of medicines on bo●h ●ides. Now it must be thrust through, either by the steal, if it stick in, or else (if the steal be shaked out of the head) with a propulsorie instruments either hollowed or solid, (which some call the deaf propulsorie) even as the case requireth. Further note, that if it have a sharp point (which you shall find by searching with your probe) than you must use the female propulsorie instrument, but if it have a hollow or socket, the male propulsorie: and so by such means, thrust it on forward, till you may easily take hold of it to pluck it forth. Always having notable regard, that you divide not a nerve or a tendon, either some great vein or artery. As for those that stick in the bone, it is not safe to pluck them out otherwise, then back again: shaking or moving the dart, till the place be loosed, wherein it was holden, and then with the hand, or instrument, draw it forth: which manner of dealing likewise is used in plucking forth of teeth, and very seldom doth the dart, not follow, if it be so used: but if it do chance to stay, it may be stricken out with some instrument. Some bind the bow called Balista, to some of the mullet like instruments or pincers, and so, the patiented sitting fast in his place, by drawing and losing again the string of the same instrument, draw forth the dart: but if the dart stick ●eeper in the bone, (which we know by that, that it will by no force be moved) then with a chissell● cutting away the bone near about it, or else piercing it through (if it be thick) with a ●erebrer, we take forth the dart. There are, which from the hole of the terebrer, do cut out the bone against the dart, after the fashion of the letter 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 so that the lines, which are sundered may respect the dart: which done, it must necessarily slip, and be easily taken out. which is the last remedy.  
Othersome, with a strait long ●erebrer, called the direct Terebrer, do strain open the rift of the bone, wherein the dart is holden, that whilst the same gapeth, the dart may be drawn away. In things fixed in a joint, that is, betwixt two bones, you are to fasten to both sides of the joint, strong rolls or bands, and the one of them pulling one way, the other another way, draw open the joint, that the tendons, ligamentes, and nerves may stretch: which being so extended, ●he space in the joint betwixt the two bones must needs be easier, so that without any difficulty, the thing infixed may be taken forth. But in this business it must also be looked to, that no nerve, vein, or artery be hurt, whilst the infixed thing is drawn out. Thus much touching drawing out darts (and other artillery, or things infixed,) by mettalline instruments, and manual operation. Now let us see what may be done by medicines.  
To the drawing out therefore of little bones, thorns, heeres, stones, pieces of glass, etc. these simples are of force and available: to wit, dictamnum, thapsia, sagapenum, ammoniacum, radices aristolochiae, ranae combustae, radix arundinis, propolis, viscum, opopo●ax, C●lx viva, faex vini usta, lepidium, sinapi, ranunculus, adeps ursinus, etc. fermentum, etc. Compound medicines you may thus prepare, to wit, a plaster ex radice arundinis & melle. 
c or, cum farina lolij, radice arundinis, & melle ..  or this: Recipe lapid. magnetis ℥. i rad. aristolochiae v●riusque ana, ʒ. j. polypodij, visci ana, ʒ. j. sterc. anseris, ℥. i ss. amoni aci, galbani in vino dissolute. ana, ℥. ss. propoleos ℥ two ol. lilior●●. ℥ three mellis ℥. j fiat Emplastrum. A lineament for that purpose you may make ex pulvere magnetis mixed with some mundifying matter, and therewith arm the tent and apply it, in such sort notwithstanding, as that the tent may not reach to, to touch the iron.  

Causes & ●ignes.  When you have thus far provided, that nothing unnatural be left remaining in the wound, then followeth your next care, to cure and join again the parts that were so seuered● If therefore the solution be small, it is to be restored by the winding manner of rolling, for so out of doubt, the wound shall join and heal, without the use of any other outward cure: specially if it be a simple wound, and encumbered with no other affect or symptom. But if the solution be great, it must be helped, by artificial closing together the gaping sides and borders of the wound, to wit, either by seam ●aches, verucles, or stitching clotheses. The seam is made with a strong, equal and smooth thread, 
●eame, or ●laine ●●itch.  as a silken thread, at the lest in common wounds, taking the first stitch in the midst of the division, the next between that and the one end of the wound, and so forth proceeding, that there may be convenient distance between every two stitches, till the ●ides of the wound be committed together. So that neither must the stitches be set too thick nor thin For if they stand too thin, they cannot hold: if too thick, they make too m●ch pain. Because that, the ofter the flesh is pierced of the needle, and the more places the thread twitcheth, by so much the greater inflammations do rise. So also let your seam join together the borders of the wound, that yet the sides meet not close together, to the end there may be way and space to purge out, what matte● gathereth together within the wound. They are wont therefore to leave the breadth of a finger commonly between every stitch. Moreover, see that your needle be long, smooth, and threesquare pointed, with a guttered eye, that the thread, close couching therein, may give no occasion of sticking in the passing through of the needle. Besides, you must have a stitching quill, whereupon the lip of the wound may lean, and stay itself steadyly without slipping hither & thither whilst the needle is piercing it through, and so, that through the little window or loop hole of it, you may spy when the needle hath pierced through, that then you may draw it on end, with the thread. All the while that the thread is drawing through, underprop the lip of the wound, with your probe, that it tug not outward in following the same. Let it be tied first with ij. involutions or bowtes, the second time with one only, & so cut of the thread, somewhat distant from the knot. Thus when the parts are drawn together by stitching, use glutinative medicines, which may both consume and dry up, the corruption of humours gathered, as also prohibit jest any more come thither. The second way of joining is by clasps, 
Clasps, or tack●ookes.  and these must you make greater or lesser, according to the quality of the wounded part. But let them be from each side crooking back, fastening one hook in the one lip of the wound, and drawing it towards the other lip, fastening therein the other hook, as they use to do, that dress clotheses upon the Tenters. These clasps whereby we draw together the borders of gaping wounds, require no force or straining, but only are so far profitable, as the skin seemeth willing, of it own accord, to follow that which leadeth or draweth it.  
The third way, 
Verncle, or the quil● stitch.  to restore the severed sides, is by verucles, even made, of stupes strongly writhe, and slender like a writing quill or reed, and the length almost of the middle finger. But if we covet to have the stitching hold a long time, take a writing quill, in steed of the stupes, and do as followeth. Draw a stitch through both sides of the wound, and return your needle through again by the same way it came, so that you leave your thread in a loop, on that side, whence the needle returned, in which loop, put one of the quills, then take both the ends of your thread, to wit, both the beginning, and that that came back again, and strain or urge them so, as the sides of the wound may draw togitherwarde, and putting between them the other quill, tie them on a knot, and cut away the remnant of thread, so leave it to the perfect healing of the wound. The fourth stitching, 
a It is not of necessity, that by and by, in a contused wound, there be found these accidents, neither that the whole scope of the cure, should ever first, be bend against them, but rather (as in other cases) minister such fit helps unto the wound, as may also have respect unto the accidents: neither do I think, that Wecker meaneth any other thing in this place: howbeit, (in my judgement) his method had been more apt, if after his general regiment, coming to his local administrations, he had taught, first the cure of the wound, & after remembered the accidents.  
The dry stitch.  is performed by clotheses, applied on both sides the wound, in form triangled, and of such greatness, as seemeth best agreeable to the member that is hurt. Which kind of stitch is most agreeable to such places, as we covet to heal, most without blemish or scar as in the face. Those clotheses must be fastened on with some viscous or hard clea●ing lineament, compounded of sanguis draconis, thus, mastiches, pix. and pollen, that is, farina volatilis. all which must be encorporated with albumen ovi, and so made one. And then spread upon one side of your clotheses, which clotheses then must you say on each side the wound, a thumb breadth distant from the same. Thus when that ointment drying, the clotheses become fastened in their place, make in them your stitching, ingeniously to the purpose. by which means, the lips of the wound shall go together and glue again.  
Now when you have wrought for the drawing together of the wound, you must after also carefully see to it, to preserve so, and keep together the parts that you have joined: which is also done commonly by the continuance of the same means. That is to wit, decent binding, apt placing of the member, and stitching, if it shallbe thought necessary.  
The third scope, 
b That is to say, if it cannot be resolved.  
The 3. intention in the cure.  now is, to preserve the substance of the wounded part and prohibit, jest it come to be troubled with pain, inflammation, or other untoward accident. Inflammation is restrained by taking away the cause of his fluxion. And humours flow to a place, either in that they are sent, or in that they are drawn. They are drawn first through pain, and then through heat of the member. But when they are sent, it is, as it were into a weak part, as when the whole body is abundant with good or evil juice. Therefore to hinder and take away the cause of the fluxion. three things are to be attended unto: the first is pain, which must be 
e In this place, handling that scope of the cure, that respecteth the part affected, the Author was only to have delivered all the means, both by diet and medicines, that were to preserve the bodi● and parts in a prosperous state of healing, and after that, to have looked unto such a condition, a● is now cumbered with accidents, (which is his fourth intention) ●hat the reader may see, here is no plac● for medicines against pain, (which is not yet supposed to be) and that besides this inverting of his own order, there is also omitted that should justly have occupied the room thereof: to wit, the local medicines for the cure of the wound: which ●e hath very ill deferred to the Chapter ●f a simple wound that the reader should not be perplexed, I am driven thus to note the author, whom otherwise I could gladly have spared, as in many other places of ●is order.  mitigated & the heat quenched, either with some plaster ex radice solani triti & axungia porci, or, ex folijs maluae coctis, tritis, & furfure & rosaceo: else, ex medulla panis triticei, in aqua feruenti macerata: or, with oleum rosac. etc. or, ovi albumen, cum vino stiptico. The second is a full good liking and high state of body, which must be diminished partly by diet, partly by bloudletting: which first must be do● far of, & then even in the wounded part itself: at such a quantity, as is convenient and meet, both in regard of the store, that is in the body, and of the measure that came out of the wound, as also of the time, age, nature, and custom of the body. The diet must tend to cooling. Use therefore light frication of the contrary parts, much rest. for meat, the flesh of partridge, chickens, hens, & little birds, barley, ptisan. For pothe●●es, lettuce, porcelain, borage, etc. For drink, either water boiled, or wine delayed● Beware of moving, venery, and affections of the mind. Eschew all hard flesh, cheese, garlic, mustarde-seede etc. great fishes, wine, etc. in sum, appoint a sparing diet altogether, especially at supper. Keep the diet thus scant & straited for the first 7. days. Then after, when you see the patiented free from inflammation & abscess, let lose also to a fuller diet. The third thing to look to, is, a state of body pestered with evil juice, which, if it be yellow choler, purge with cas●ia, manna, rhubarb, tamarindis, etc. If it be phlegm, with agaric. sem. carthami, diaphaenicon etc. If it be melancholy, diasenna, diaprunes lenitive, sena, polypodium, etc. 
g To these means, of keeping the body in a good disposition of healing, must be joined (as I touched afore) the advised use of local medicines: be they balms, plasters, powders, unguenies, or what forms soever. Which, because the author hath here omitted, I must request the Reader, to turn to the Chapter of a simple wound, where all these things are largely delivered.   
Hitherto of the three first intentions common to the cure of wounds: to wit, of removing things superfluous, and of a disagreeable nature. Secondly, of joining the wound again: thirdly, of keeping the good estate of the part. Now to the fourth and last intention, 
For the accidents, the 4. intention.  which is to correct such accidents as happen to the wounded patient, which are commonly, flux of blood, pain, inflammation, hot or cold distemperature, convulsion, sounding, raving, palsy, or resolution. For moderate flux of blood, 
Flux of blood.  having appointed a diet to cool and thicken, as with rice, lintels, astringent, ta●t and sour fruits, etc. The use of water, etc. Apply to the opposite or contrary parts, ligatures, frictions, and cupping glasses. Or let blood, opening the vain a little, and emptying the blood by repetition. You may also stop the vein with your finger, or use the common seam of the skinner's, or bind, or cauterize the vein, etc. inwardly it shallbe good to give this potion. Rec. lapidis haematitis, coralli, rub. ana, ʒ. ss. trochisc. de terra sigillata, trochisc. de spodio, vel de sucking ana, ℈. i aquarum fortulacae, plantag. ana, ℥ three Make thereof a potion, and use it at twice. Or this: Rec. lapidis haematitis, ʒ. j boli armeni, ʒ. ss. sang. draconi●, ʒ. ss. sacchari ros. veteris, ℥. ss. aquae plantag. ℥ ij. Make a potion. Outwardly apply a lineament ex aceto, & ovi candido, etc. Or this: Rec. thuris, aloes, ana, parts aequales, mix them, cum albumine ovi & pilis leporinis. Another: Rec. boli armeni, ℥ vi terrae sigillatae, ℥ two farinae volat. ℥ three Gypsi, calcis vivae, ana. ℥ four thuris, aloes, ana, ℥. j mix them cur● albumine ovi, 
h Among the medicines to staunch blood, may be numbered, crocus martis, crocus veneris, cinis ranarum, and a ●oade artificially dried, leapt in a cloth, and laid near the wound. Also the blood stone holden in the patientes hand, or hung about his neck. .  
Simples, mitigating pain, are, 
Pain.  
i First of all, wisely consider, what is the occasion of the pain: for if there be n● distemperature first, suspect some error to be, either in your medicenes or binding.  oleum rosac. ol. common, ol. papaveris: medulla panis triticeae, in aqua feruenti macerata, ovi albumen, aesypus, lac muliebre. lac vaccinum, etc. compounds consist ex radice solani trita, & axungia porci, or, ex folijs maluae coctis cum furfure & rosacco, or, ovi candido & vino stiptico etc. Of the inflammation we have entreated afore. The distemperature is to be regarded, as it is, either hot or cold: if it be hot: consider whether the same be general in the whole body, or only in the part affected. If it be a distemperature of the whole, as a fever: it must be cured so as a fever. If only in the part (which will appear by the redness) than it must be abated with cooling things, as roses, planten, unguentum album, etc. 
Cold in● temperature.  Cold distemperature (which is spied by the sauftnes and swart colour of the part) is cured by heating medicines: as with wine, or unguentum fuscum, unguentum basiliconis etc. A convulsion 
Def.  
Convulsion.  must be dealt with, according the causes whereof it cometh and is effected: as if it be of repletion, and that of phlegm, set order that the air of the place be tending to hot and dry. Let mean sleep be procured, by night, not by day. Seek quietness and rest● for the parts convulsed are specially to be holden in rest, & kept from inordinate motions. Use frication to the vertebres of the neck: keep the belly soluble, and a calm mind● free from the tempests of perturbations. Let his diet be barley cream, rear eggs, roasted flesh of capons, chickens, hens, etc. herbs: sage, maioram, hissop, mother tyme. Fruits: raisins, pine kernels, sweet almonds. His drink, sweetened water, wherein hath boiled a little sage & cinnamon: but let him abstain from wine, specially in the beginning throughout all his diet, let him be spare in the quantity, chief the first three days, afterward, taking some more liberty. If you see the phlegmatic humour is not altogether severed from the blood, & nothing else let, begin first with opening the middle vain, emptying it not much at one time, but doing it at divers times. If there be place for purging, you may perform it with such a pill: Rec. pil. faetidarum, pil. de sagapeno, ana, ℈. i ss. agaricitrochis●. ℈. ss. misce & cum syrupo betonicae fiant pillulae. Apply to the part convulsed oleum de casto●●o, laurinum, nardinum, costinum, nucis moscatae, or such other, or a catapl. ex faenugr. sem. lini, farina hord. oleo rutaceo etc. If the convulsion come of repletion of blood, or inflammation, then let blood the middle vein, not much quantity at once, but at many times. Then use sharp clifters, observing that there be no necessary circumstance withstanding either course. if the inflammation persist, use medicines such as the inflammation requireth, and according to the divers times of it, taking your indication from the part affected. If the cause of the convulsion be emptiness, direct his diet to moistness: as, moist air, sleep longer then wont, rest of body and mind, free from affections. His meat such as aforesaid, changing his herbs & fruits to lettuce, arage, spinach, borage, mallows, etc. milons, gourds, damask prunes, peaches, ripe grapes, etc. Add also little stone fishes. His drink thin watered wine, barley water, or water sodden with liquorise and Cinnamon. keeping such a moderate compass, for the quantity, as is answerable to the body's strength, age, time, etc. Give him inwardly conserve of violets, borage, or bugloss, diadraganthum frig. etc. outwardly foment warm with oleum dulce, ol. amygdalarum dulc. or use 
* * Water and oil.  hydreleum, or balneum aquae dulcis tepidae, If nothing hinder: ever respecting the greatness of the disease, the temperature, age, region, time of the year, etc. 
l Convulsion happeneth to wounds no● done by venomous creatures, two manner of ways: one is, by pricking or half cutting of some sinew, and then it followeth immediately, the other is brought in by pain and inflammation, his forerunners, and this after a longer time. The first I will touch no further in this place, because I am drawn to it again, by Wecker, in the Chapter of wounds in the sinews. The second sort must be taken away, by removing the causes: and that, beginning with the first, and proceeding in order, to the last, even as one evil here brought forth another: to wit, offence of the nerve pain, pain inflammation, inflammation putrefaction, putrefaction malign vapours, which proceeding from part to part, by the continuity of nerves, are at last communicated to the brain itself, whence proceedeth convulsion. Now the offence of the nerve, which causeth this kind of convulsion, I understand to be, some cold air, or vnmeet● medicine applied: the medicine being either of venomous quality, or else of unjust temperature. Of venomous or malign quality, are most sorts of corrosives. Unjustly tempered are, all barber's digestives, most distilled balms simply, and at first applied, and other too hot, opening and relaxing, together with such mundifying and attractive medicines, as want aequivalent mixture of dryness and astringe●cie. Having therefore taken awa●e, that which offended both in your air and medicines, and provided by better ones, that nature in the wound may find rest and friendly nourishment, you shall afterward, with no great difficulty, by the meanus here se● down, take away both inflammation and convulsion. Any other way you lose your labour.   

Sounding.  Sounding, if it be of pain, by all means endeavour to appease the pain. If it come by unmeasurable evacuation, sprinkle rose water, or cold water in his face: bind strongly the extreme parts of the body, and chafe them with clotheses indifferent rough. If of vicious air, change the same to a better temperature. If of venomous quality, or stroke of a venomous creature, then with medicines fit for 
m For this matter, read more in the fourth Chapter following.  poison must he be cured.  

Raving.  The seventh symptom is raving, or frantiknes: appoint therefore a diet mean twixt heat & cold: give rest, provoke sleep, looseness of belly, and quietness of mind, using gentle frications. His meat let be Barley cream, herbs, lettuce, suckerie, mallows, & such as cool & moisten. Skalie stone fishes towards the declination, Pomegranet, tart apples, cherries etc. his drink Barley water, or the decoction of Cinnamon, with syrup of violets, roses, or water Lilies. If the body abound with blood, & nothing else hinder, open a vain in the cubit. Then altar the humour with convenient syrupes, as syr. violaceus, rosaceus, ex nymphea. syr. endiviae, de papavere. And if you see good further to empty the body, do it with manna, cassia, saccharum violaceum: or, syrup. ex pluribus infusionibus vi●larum vel rosarum: else, a clyster ex decocto maluarum, violarum, hordei, capi●um papaveris, ac folior●m betae, & pauco sole, adding to ℥ three ol. violacei, cas●iae ℥ j & so make a clyster. He may also use to abate the hot distemperature (if need be) conserve of roses, violets, or water lilies, loch. de papavere, and such like: applying outwardly, to the head oxyrhodinun, in Summer, but warm, in winter moderately hot, or an embrocation ex rosis. violis, hyosciamo, lactuca, corticibus papaveris, oleo ros. addito. But towards the latter end, a wetting for the head would be made ex rosaceo, in quo decoctum fuerit thymum, serpyllum, melilot. althaea, anethum, flores chamomillae 
n Always be it observed (as I have noted afore) that, if this accident be caused of pain, and distemperature in the wound, you first, by all means, practise to remove the same. And therefore to prevent all such evils, once for all, I will admonish, that for the first seven days, you be very circumspect, and (as it were) jealous over the wound, for pain: and for tha●●ause, sundry times (if need be) uncover the member, and foment, the circumstant parts of the wound cum aceto & oleo rosaceo, or (if more need) cum aceto ex rad. hyosciami, noted afore.  etc.  

Palsy.  For the palsy, the last symptom, be no less circumspect both by diet and medicines. Make the air hot & dry, mean sleep, but no day sleep. Moderate exercise, which is good, if it may be used. Frication with old oil, or oil of rue, a pleasant mind free from perturbations. His meat ba●ley cream, rear eggs, broth of hen, made with a little hyssop, sage, maiorame, betony, or savoury. Also roasted chicken, capon, hen, etc. his drink, honeyed water, sod with some cinnamon or sage else this hippocras: Rs. cinnamomi, ℥ two zinzibris ℥. ss. granorum paradisi, galangae, piperis longi, ana, ʒ. j. cardamomi ʒ. j ss. nucis moscatae, caryophyllorum, ana, ʒ. j. macis ʒ. j. boil these in water to the wasting of a third part, then strain it & make it pleasant with sugar. If you find the humour through mingled with the blood, by & by in the beginning open a vain, if all circumstances be thereto agreeable: but do it in the sounder parts & that moderately, that the body be not to much cooled. If the humour be crude & unfit to purge, first altar, concoct, sunder & make thin the same with this or such a syrup: Rec. syr. de staechade, syr. de hyssopo an. ℥. ss. mellis rosac. aquarum maioranae, betonicae, rorismarini, an. ℥. i misceantur, make threof a syrup for one time, doing the like after for many days. When the humour is ready for purging: Rec. assae faetid●, castorei, ligni aloes, an.p. aeq. agregentur cum syr. de staechade, make thereof pills, one of every drachm, & give iij. of them every morning, 8. days together, with a draft of rosemary water● and three grains of pepper. Another pill: R●. pil. cochiarun, alephanginae, hierae commpositae, ana. ℈. i agarici trochisca●i ℈. i misceantur & cum syr. de staechade fiant pil. Or this solluble decoction: Rec. saluiae, roris. anthos, hyssopi, menthae ana, m●j. rad. faenic. apij, acori, f●axini an. ℥ ij. florum rosarum, viol. nenupharis, sem. en●iuiae, ana, ʒ. ij. polypodij ℥. ss. senae ʒ. ij. agarici ʒ. ij. fiat decoct. ad li. ij. coletur, in colatura dissolve ●yr. de radicibus, oxymellis diuretici, ana, ℥ ss. a clyster thus: Rec. maluae, altheae, mercurialis, chamomeli, maioran. hyssopi, betonicae, an.m.ss. florum rutae, & stechadis, ana, ℥ three coq. in aq. usque ad sufficientiam & fiat decoctum, de quo sumatur, li.j. cui addan●ur otei communis, ℥. ●ij. ●ierae pic●ae vel benedictae laxat. ℥. ss. shall. parum, & so make your clyster. To the outward parts, attainted with the palsy (having thus well provided for within) prepare this balm to be applied: Rec. mirrhae, aloes, spicae nardi, sag. draconis, thuris, mumiae, opohalsami, ●arpobalsami, bdellij, ammoniaci, sarcocollae, croci, masticis, gummi arab. styracis liquidae ana, ʒ. ij. ladani suc. castor●i an. ʒ.ij ss. mosci, ʒss. terebynthinae ad pondus ovium: stil them in a glass vessel, & therewith anoint the chine of the back.  

Supply or addition to the accidents of wounds.  

Costiue●es.  Costivenes, & suppression of urine, come often by flux of blood, much weakening nature. In losing the body observe, to attend natures leisure, for iij. or iiij days: without he feel in the mean time, a certain straightness in his breast: and then rather by lenitive medicines, or suppository, 
Stopping of urine.  to induce nature, then by any sort to enforce her. For the urine, this is Paracelsus counsel: pulvis glandium given in drink or, Rec. croci. q.s. make a bag thereof, and apply it to the privy parts. Vomiting sometime taketh the wounded patient: 
Vomi●.  for that (if in time it cease not) Rec. fermenti, m.j. succi me●●hae cum aceto extracti. q.s. coquantur in formam catapl. lay it warm to the stomach. When it is cold, heat it again, in the same juice. 
Para. ch. mi. li. i  Thus as often as he eateth, and for iij. hours after. For the wound moreover observe: 
Paroxysm.  if the patiented feel heat & cold, by fits, or only heat in the wound, by fits, or sleepiness, & astonishing in the place, apply this plaster: 
Burning heat. Astonyednes.  Rec. calaminaris, litharg. mirij, ana, li.ss. thutiae, ℥ two cerae, ol. mirt. ana, ℥ ix. boil them to the form of a cerote. 〈◊〉 camphorae anointed in the wound● 〈◊〉 speedy remedy. Give the patiented inward, Mithridate. To make ol. camphorae, Ouum ad duriciem percoque, exempto vitello, caphuram non adulteratam include, & in cella vinaria filo suspend, ut oleum in vas subiectum defluat.  
When the wound swelleth with heat, 
Tumour.  so as the tumour will pit at the pressing of the finger. Rec. nasturtij aquat. nenupharis, ana, q.s. coq. in aceto rosaceo, & apply it warm: or, Rec. argillae de furnis adustae, q.s. in aceto coque, & apply it on the place. If you espy the clear & viscous liquor of the nerves (called synonia, gluten album, or Glarealis aqua) flow forth by the wound, beware jest in any wise it continued: wherefore (to temper the heat) immediately, wash the wound cum aceto rosaceo warm, & dress it up, with the first vulnerary oil in the annotations of a simple wound, & with emplastrum sticticum. This plaster likewise of Vigoes, I know (in this case) to be excellent: Rec. olei rosarum, violarum, chamomillae, ana, ℥ j sepi vituli, ℥ three axungiae porcinae, ℥. i pinguedinis ga●inae, medullae crurium vituli, ana. ℥ ss. lumbricorum lotorum in vi●●●● j bu●yri rec. ʒ.vi. mucilaginis alth●ae li.ss. coquan●ur lento igne ad mucilaginis consumptionem: colaturae, add lithargyrij auri & argenti, ana, ʒ. x. minij ʒ. iij. cum cera sufficienti fiat cerotum: addendo in fine cocturae resinae abietis, ʒ. x. masticis ℥. ss. & denuò buliant vni●a ebullitione. These prevail (likewise) in the case of bloody matter, 
Bloody matter.  & against the growing of proud flesh: 
Proud flesh.  especially (for these last) emplast. sticticum, which is set down in the 6. Ch. By the negligence or unskilfulness of the Chirurgeon (applying such medicines as putrify together with the wound) may grow worms. 
Causes & signs.  
Wormines.  Again, whether the wound heal or not, 
Stink.  if it yield a stinking savour it betokeneth a hot nature, & faultiness in the medicine. Also if the wound to much linger, or be hindered in healing, there falleth flux of humours, 
Holing.  & holing inward. 
Prog.  And putrefaction is when as the wound putrefying, turneth back from healing. For these four: Rec. mellis li.ss. alo●patici, ℥ j succi chelidoniae, ℥ uj salis communis, ℥. ss. all these being mixed, wash the wound therewith warm: or, R●c, consolidae aureae, consolidae Rubeae, ana, m.j. mellis cocti despumati, li.ij. salis gem ℥ ij vini, li.j. ss. simul in loturam coquan●●r: therewith wash the place. Against the accidents, called ignis Persicus, and Cancer, Recipe vi●rioli, ℥ j amborum gummi minorum, ana, ℥ two ochrae, ℥. ss. vini & aceti, ana, li. j boil them, and apply it warm. Or, Recipe lithargyrij, ●i. j. aluminis li.ss. salis, ℥ two thuris, ℥. ii●j. gummi Romani ℥ .v. vini, aquae, & aceti, ana, li.j. coquantur ad quartam horae partem, and apply it warm.  
By these two, (in the case of wounds) Paracelsus hath this meaning: when a wound towards the latter end, swelleth with heat, looketh bluish, or swart, and afterward black, and last of all, the member inflameth, this he calleth Ignis Persicus. Cancer, is when wounds conceive heat, and therewith flu●e of humours, which make frettings & ulcerations about them. Moreover at the shutting up of a wound, if it be done too suddenly, without firm foundation, so as it afterwards putrify and break forth again, This he calleth the Pu●iulous fistul●: 
●●●tulous ●ule.  & for remedy appointeth this: Recipe liquoris carabis, Aspal●i, armoniaci, ana, ℥. ss. ceroti de mummia, ℥ three misce simul in emplastrum, and use it. One of his special cerates of mumia is this: Rec. Olei communis, cerae virgineae, lithargyrij auri pulv. ana, li.j. coquantur simul in ceratum, cui deinceps add opoponacis cum aceto praeparati, ℥ three mumiae, ℥ iij. aristolochiae, masticis, thuris, myrrhae, ana, ℥. ss. terebinthinae, ℥ three olei laurini, ℥ two Camphorae, ʒ. ij. After, work it vp● cum oleo Chamomillae. He handleth besides these, other accidents, but I cannot communicate them to the Reader, for the difficulty of the medicines.  

ANNOTATIONS.  
ᵃ Of these, some are necessarily mortal: as wounds in the heart, midr●ife, stomach, guts, and bladder: Some, but for the most part, as those of the brain: (●f we credit Arcaeus, lib. de vul. and Coiter in his observations.) The rest, as in the Lungs, Liver, Spleen, and Wesande, most often healed, if they be artificially dealt withal, as witness many men's observations, together with our experience. Very dangerous also, are overthwhart wounds in the Muscles, and such as are inflicted, when the member is extended.  
Paracelsus observeth a matter more secret, 
Chir. m●. li. i c. xuj.  where he sayeth: When Choler ●ath betaken itself to the arteries, ca●sing the parts to tremble, and move unorderly: if at the same time, those parts be hurt, death ensueth, which I understand to be, by reason of the extreme ebullition, and profuse expense of the spirits, which by no means, can at that time be restrained: for therefore he saith afterward, that in the same danger is every wound, made in any ebullition. That then we need not marvel, though of a small wound the party sometimes dye, without any manifest cause. And the uncertain success of wounds, both by reason hereof: as also of sex, temperature and lurking accidents, causeth the same author otherwhere esteem it f●te●, 
Chir. mag. ●r. i c. v.  to reckon all wounds (that is to say, of all parts) in the Catalogue of deadly, rather than accounted any of them safe, and void of danger.  
ᵇ It is possible sometime, to abridge this term, even to three days, or less.  
ᶜ or, cum farina lolij, radice arundinis, & melle ..  
ᵈ Hooks to tack the sides together: but what unprofitable business, of stitching and hooking, is here taught from antiquity, many can testify at this day: who having long ago rejected such disagreeable courses, & conten●ed themselves ordinarily with fit medicines, and seemly rolling, seldom or never found cause to think upon these neanes, all things succeeding much better, without them: and certainly, Paracelsus doth in som● part worthily condemn them. As for hooks and verrucles, they are worn ou● of use with the multitude: that it grieveth me, to see men, in writing their books, to regard rather, what is written, than what is meet to be written. Neither would I here be understood, utterly to gain say all use, and kinds of stitching: but only the hooks and verrucles simply: the plain sticthe, but for the most part: ●or there be rare cases (as to stay in the guts, hold on a joint, etc.) Wherein, when the Artist cannot avoid it, this may be used: according to the old Maxim: In a hard case, a hard remedy is better than none. As for that kind of stitch, called The dry stitch, I have in no wise, said against it.  
ᵉ In this place, handling that scope of the cure, that respecteth the part affected, the Author was only to have delivered all the means, both by diet and medicines, that were to preserve the bodi● and parts in a prosperous state of healing, and after that, to have looked unto such a condition, a● is now cumbered with accidents, (which is his fourth intention) ●hat the reader may see, here is no plac● for medicines against pain, (which is not yet supposed to be) and that besides this inverting of his own order, there is also omitted that should justly have occupied the room thereof: to wit, the local medicines for the cure of the wound: which ●e hath very ill deferred to the Chapter ●f a simple wound that the reader should not be perplexed, I am driven thus to note the author, whom otherwise I could gladly have spared, as in many other places of ●is order.  
ᶠ Small beer or ale, with us, which also (if time and place do serve) may be ton●ed up with vulnerary herbs, as sani●ula● ophioglossum, Alchimilla, consolida, agrimonia, betonica, vinca pervinca, aristolochia. etc.  
ᵍ To these means, of keeping the body in a good disposition of healing, must be joined (as I touched afore) the advised use of local medicines: be they balms, plasters, powders, unguenies, or what forms soever. Which, because the author hath here omitted, I must request the Reader, to turn to the Chapter of a simple wound, where all these things are largely delivered.  
ʰ Among the medicines to staunch blood, may be numbered, crocus martis, crocus veneris, cinis ranarum, and a ●oade artificially dried, leapt in a cloth, and laid near the wound. Also the blood stone holden in the patientes hand, or hung about his neck.  
ⁱ First of all, wisely consider, what is the occasion of the pain: for if there be n● distemperature first, suspect some error to be, either in your medicenes or binding.  
ᵏ This is most excellent of Paracelsus: Rec. rad. hyosciami, q.s. digerantur in aceto rosaceo as solem, fiat Epithema: In this wet clotheses, and apply warm to the pained place. Lolium and Papaver may be used in steed thereof. And this wonderfully suageth pain.  
ˡ Convulsion happeneth to wounds no● done by venomous creatures, two manner of ways: one is, by pricking or half cutting of some sinew, and then it followeth immediately, the other is brought in by pain and inflammation, his forerunners, and this after a longer time. The first I will touch no further in this place, because I am drawn to it again, by Wecker, in the Chapter of wounds in the sinews. The second sort must be taken away, by removing the causes: and that, beginning with the first, and proceeding in order, to the last, even as one evil here brought forth another: to wit, offence of the nerve pain, pain inflammation, inflammation putrefaction, putrefaction malign vapours, which proceeding from part to part, by the continuity of nerves, are at last communicated to the brain itself, whence proceedeth convulsion. Now the offence of the nerve, which causeth this kind of convulsion, I understand to be, some cold air, or vnmeet● medicine applied: the medicine being either of venomous quality, or else of unjust temperature. Of venomous or malign quality, are most sorts of corrosives. Unjustly tempered are, all barber's digestives, most distilled balms simply, and at first applied, and other too hot, opening and relaxing, together with such mundifying and attractive medicines, as want aequivalent mixture of dryness and astringe●cie. Having therefore taken awa●e, that which offended both in your air and medicines, and provided by better ones, that nature in the wound may find rest and friendly nourishment, you shall afterward, with no great difficulty, by the meanus here se● down, take away both inflammation and convulsion. Any other way you lose your labour.  
ᵐ For this matter, read more in the fourth Chapter following.  
ⁿ Always be it observed (as I have noted afore) that, if this accident be caused of pain, and distemperature in the wound, you first, by all means, practise to remove the same. And therefore to prevent all such evils, once for all, I will admonish, that for the first seven days, you be very circumspect, and (as it were) jealous over the wound, for pain: and for tha●●ause, sundry times (if need be) uncover the member, and foment, the circumstant parts of the wound cum aceto & oleo rosaceo, or (if more need) cum aceto ex rad. hyosciami, noted afore.     

CHAP. II. Of a contused wound.  
WHether the wound were given by a fall, or stroke of staff, stone, or such other, you shall best understand by enquiry. But that it is a contused wound, it will appear by swelling, pain, blackish or blue colour, etc.  

Cure.  And because the ordinary entrance into the cure of this wound, is many times, intercepted by the importunity of accidents, let us first labour to repress them, and afterwards proceed to the cure of the wound itself. The accidents be either pain or swelling: pain must be mitigated with oleum an●thinum, ol. chamomelinins, ol. liliorum, or a lineament ex ol. rosaceo, & vitello ovi, laid upon lint and applied, the tumour that you find, is to be removed, by the taking away, both of the antecedent and conjoined cause: and the antecedent cause, being the humour flowing, the conjoined cause, the humour already contained in the wounded part, to the cutting off of both these we must labour with all our might: first for the defluxion, it is to be considered, whether it be of blood, or other humours, if it be blood, it is to be evacuated, either from the point whence it floweth, or else from the place whether it floweth. The rage of the fluxion, coming either from the whole body or part thereof, is to be bridled by bloudletting● or thin cooling diet. From the part whether it goeth, there are two ways to dispatch it: one is by revulsion, in withdrawing the humour to a contrary part, either with phlebotomy, cupping, frication, or ligatures on the contrary side: the other way is by repercussives, when the matter is not drawn but sent, as with ol. rosaceum, ol. mirtinum, or an unguent ex bolo armeno, cleo & aceto, wherewith the circumstant parts about the wound are to be anointed, else a plaster ex pulvere mirtillorum & ovi candido. If the defluxion come not of blood, but of other humours, then must it be taken away with purging medicines according to the nature of those humours. which point is now set down before in the curation of tumours beyond nature. The humour now impact in the part is to be brought to suppuration: for which purpose you have these simple medicines, malua boiled, radix aeltheae, panis triticeus, hordei farina cum ol. & aqua, fomentum aquae calidae, etc. compound ones you may thus prepare, Rs. radicum altheae, radis. cucumeris agrestis, ana, ℥. ss. origa●i, hyssopi, ana, m, ss. florum chamomillae, sem. lini ana, P.j. ficuum pinguium no. vj. coquantur, quibus pressis ac tusis, add galbani, mirrhae, styracis liquidae, aesipi, ana, ʒ. j ss. fiat Emplastrum. Another: Rs maluae, violarum ana, m.j. rad. altheae, liess. coquantur, in iure carnium absque sale, postea subigantur in mortario, & add farine hordei, & triti●i, ana, q.s. fiatque emplastrum. A 
c Indeed the wound is first to be concocted, with this or such other medicine, as Rec. terebentinae venetae, mellis albi, ana, li. ss. vitellos ovorum numero xii. these well mixed, boil saufily together, to the consistence of an ungent. After digestives, come you to mundific. incarnatives, etc. in order. Why Wecker hath sundered them, setting his digestive, where he handleth the accidents, I know not.  digestive for the wound itself is to be made ex ●erebynthina, resina, & ovorum luteis. The accidents thus provided for, & put away, go on to the cure of the wound, considering thereof as the present s●ate requireth, to wit, whether it be filthy, hollow, plain, or torn. If therefore it be fowl or filthy, mundify it with mel rosar. or a mundificative ex apio, or unguentum apost. either else an unguent ex farina hord. cicerum, fabarum, orobi, ovorum vitellis & melle, etc. with such, I say, 
d First wash the wound cum decocto vini ex myrrha.  arm you tents & apply them, laying aloft dry stupes, or beds, & rolling up the member in such sort, as may aptly keep the medicines in their place: thus doing till the wound be perfectly purged: the hollowness of the wound must be filled with incarnative medicines such as, thus, aristologia, aloe, fuligo thuris, myrrha, pix liquida, resina, colophonia, chrysocolla, christallus. etc. whereof you may thus provide you unguents, as ex aloe, cera, & aerugine, or Rec. cerati rosati li. j aeruginis ℥. i mannae thuris, ℥ two mix them: or Rec. cerae terebynthinae ana, ℥ four aeruginis ex aceto lotae ℥. i mix them: or otherwise, ex oleo, cera, aerugine, terebynthina, thure, manna, etc. again if the wound be once made plain and even, it must be sealed up with cicatrizing medicines: as are malicorium, galla, myrthus, aerugo lota, scoria plumb● cerusa, pompholix, plumbum ustum, bolus armenus & such like. among which you may fit yourself on this wise: as making an unguent ex pompholyge, chalce elota, bolo armeno, cera & ros. or this: Rec. cadmiae, lethargy, cerussae, ana, ℥. i cerae ℥ four ol. ros. ℥ three fiat unguentum. Else this: Rec. cerusae, cadmiae, ana, ℥ four cerae, olei mirthini ana, ℥ uj mix them. Now if the wound be so torn, that you see in the beginning, it is necessary to use some stitching, let it be done, yet slackly, so as it is enough if you shall only retain or stay the lips of the wound.  

ANNOTATIONS.  
ᵃ It is not of necessity, that by and by, in a contused wound, there be found these accidents, neither that the whole scope of the cure, should ever first, be bend against them, but rather (as in other cases) minister such fit helps unto the wound, as may also have respect unto the accidents: neither do I think, that Wecker meaneth any other thing in this place: howbeit, (in my judgement) his method had been more apt, if after his general regiment, coming to his local administrations, he had taught, first the cure of the wound, & after remembered the accidents.  
ᵇ That is to say, if it cannot be resolved.  
ᶜ Indeed the wound is first to be concocted, with this or such other medicine, as Rec. terebentinae venetae, mellis albi, ana, li. ss. vitellos ovorum numero xii. these well mixed, boil saufily together, to the consistence of an ungent. After digestives, come you to mundific. incarnatives, etc. in order. Why Wecker hath sundered them, setting his digestive, where he handleth the accidents, I know not.  
ᵈ First wash the wound cum decocto vini ex myrrha.    

CHAP. III. Of a bruise, wherein there is effusion, and cluttering of blood under the skin.  
ECchymosis, that is, effusion and going together of blood under the skin, is a kind of solution of continuity, which for the most part, is accompanied with some contusion, and ruption.  
Whether the c●use was some fall, 
Causes & signs.  stroke, violent rush or such other, all that you shall understand of the patiented by inquiry. the place is swelled, sauft, easily pressed, blackish & without pain for the most par●.  

●rog.  A bruise that cometh of some great & violent contusion, is not with ●●t danger: forasmuch, as there hath many times followed, not only corruption of the particle itself, but even of the whole body also. If the skin 〈◊〉 a bruise be separated from the flesh, so as it remain hanging by, it 〈◊〉 seldom or never joined again. It is better therefore, in such a case, to cut, it away, & so apply drying medicines: else to leave the place so excoriate, 
a He meaneth without binding it in, unto the rest of the wound, that it may die, for so, within two or three days, you may cut it away without pain.  without any binding up, etc.  
To enter the cure of a bruise you must fetch your indication from the affects that are joined therewith. 
Cure.  as fluxion of humours, concrete blood in the body, effusion of blood under the skin, etc. all which require their taking away, so that you ever begin your cure with that which most urgeth, & without appeasing of which nothing else can be performed. Wherefore, the fluxion being first, that calleth for help in this case, seek first for it, a way of evacuation. Diminishing the store whereby is maintained the course of it, (which it taketh from the whole body to that part) by opening the liver vein of the right arm (if nothing hinder) & taking away such quantity of blood as is fit for the greatness of the grief, & strength of the party that bears it. Again turning the stream another way, by rewlsive blodletting on the contrary part (if nothing hinder) or by ligatures etc. arming also the part and so restraining that, that cometh thither, by repellent medicines, as ol. rosaceum and ovi candidum. The second adversary here to be dealt withal, is concrete or cluttered blood, which, if it be in the body, is to be resolved and scattered, by 
b 
In his diet also, is specially to be observed, tha● there be a measured mixture of purging matter, as p●isan, or almond milk, made with rhubarb. seen, or roots of swallowort, and his meats sodde with mumia and rupontick. Parac. Chir. mag. tr. iij. Who also in the 5. Chapter setteth down a powder, and an oil, in all cases of concrete blood, most excellent and approved. They are these:  

The powder.  
Rec. rhabarbari electi, ʒ. ij. mumiae, ʒ. ss. laccae rubrae, spermatis ceti, ana, ʒ. j. boli armeni, terrae sigillatae, ana, ʒ. ss. radicum hyrundinariae, ʒ. iij. fiat pulvis subtilis Dos.ʒ.j. in some convenient liquor.   

The oil.  
Rec. florum verbasci, m.j.fl. hyperici, m.iij rad asclepiadis, m.ss. mumiae, ℥ i ol. olivarum recentis, li.ij. terebintinae, li. j vini. rub. optimi, li. iij. coquantur omnia per horas seven. post vase vitreato probe occluso macerentur ad solem● ad tempus, ac exprimantur. So have you an oil (saith the author) in this case, incomparable● morning and evening it must be used.    medicines, partly such as dissolve blood & strengthen the inner parts, partly such as procure & move to sweated. For the first purpose, to wit, to dissolve blood, Rs. rhubarb. triti, ℥ ij. mumiae ʒ. ss. aq. rubiae maior. ℥ two syrupi de rosis siccis ℥. ss. make hereof a potion, and give thereof to drink speedily. There may be thereto added rubia trochiscata. Another to that purpose, Rs. rhabarbari torrefacti, terrae sigillatae, boli armeni, mumiae, sem. nasturtij torrefacti ana, ʒ. j. make them in powder & give thereof ʒ. j. every morning c●● aqua plantaginis & bursae pactoris. Another, Rs. terrae sigitlat●●, rubiae rinctorum, mumiae, symphiti, ana, ℈. i rhabarbari triti, ℈. i mix them and use the same cum aqua bursae pastoris & plantagini●. Another, Rs. rhabarbari torrefacti, costi, radicis rubiae maioris, centa●rij, aristologiae rotundae, ana, ℥. ss. fi●● pulvis, de quo detur quotidie mane ʒ. j. cum syr. ace●oso, for ix. days etc. A potion to move sweat is this, Rs. osmundae regalis, caudae equinae terrestris, ana, q.s. coquantur in m●lle & vino, Give ℥ .v. to drink, and so let the patiented sweat thereupon. Now for the blood clodded under the skin, if it be so all over the body, or in many parts, take a Rams skin new plucked from the sheep, and having sprinkled it cum sale tenuissime trito & pulvere nastur●ij, lap it about the patient's body, and let him sweat in it. Which is also a good remedy to take away the soreness and marks of stripes: you may make also a lineament for this purpose ex ol. ros●ceo, myrthino, ac lumbricerum cum pulvere rosarum or mirtillorum. Else this unguent, Rec. buli armeni, resinae, th●ris, faenugraeci; nagaganthi, ana, ℥. ss. croci. ʒ.j. pull. rosarum, myrthi, sumach, ana, ʒ. iij. ung de althaea's ol. ros. chamomelini, ol. myrthini, anethini, ana, ℥ two cerae no●ae, tereby●thinae, ana, ℥ j make thereof an unguent, wherewith anoint the party, and l●t him sweat. These things do discuss, and are meanly astringent. Like as in all this business, you must observe this for a rule, that in the beginning, you apply astringent medicines, wherewith some discutientes are mixed: but after the beginning use discutientes only. but if the bruise and so the blood concrete or clodded, be only in some one part, then consider whether it be apt to be resolved, or else like to grow to matter. if it may be resolved, then use some of these medicines following, which be discutient and meanly astringent. Rs. ol. rosarum. ℥ two ouum. j pulueris myrthi. ℥. ss. fiat linimentum, wherewith warm anoint the place. or, ex oleo rosaceo & pulvere malicorij vel myrthi. an epitheme for that purpose may you make ex vino, melle, sale & cumino. or, ex floribus chamomillae, meliloti, staechadis, & cumi●o in vino d●coctis. or yet ex ma●ua, furfure, m●ll●, absynthio, cumino, aut anetho aqua, vel vino incoctis: else ex decoctione cha●●millae, absynthij & cumini: plasterwise likewise may you prepare a medicine ex farina hordei, caluminthae, & vino. or ex farina hordei, & faeni●gr●ci, croco & momento auripigmenti. or thus contrived: Rs. symphiti utriusque ana, li.ss. florum chamomillae, meliloti ana, P.ij. croci. ʒ.ss. farinae fabarum ℥ four farinae faenugreci, ℥ .v. butyri recentis ℥. i seethe them reasonably: & if you add thereto succi absynthij & succi cumini ana, ℥ j it shall resolve and dry, and so make your plaster. If otherwise the matter be altogether unapt to be spent away by resolution, them turn it to matter & bring it to suppuration: afterward procure issue & mundify the ulcer, like as is before set down in the cure of phlegmon. Hitherto touching the fluxion & concrete blood within the body, as also blood effused under the skin. The 4. scope or intention, in this cure, is to strengthen the member or part affected: which is done with Empl. oxycroceum o● Chaeron●um, or Apostolicum. The 5. care i● employed about the removing of symptoms or accidents hitherto incident: which commonly are pain and blackness of the place, pain is to be assuaged with ol. rosaceo & ovi candido mixed together. blackish or dead colour of the place, coming of blood under cluttered, may be amended by some convenient fomentation plaster or unguent. as a fomentation ex aceto calido, decocto rad. raphani serpentariae & ari, in vino, or else (if there be any pain) in aq. coctarum. your plaster may be diachylon ireatum: or ex cera & cumino. or thus made: Rec. fol. abrotani sicci, sem. cumini, florum chamomillae, ana, ʒ. j. cum succo a●i & melle fiat Emplastrum. so may you devise it ex maluis violis, absynthio, rosis, rorismarino, farina fabarum, rad. altheae, parietariae, sigillo salomonis, squinantho, staechade, croco, oleo ros. chamomelino, anethino, myrthino etc. if you covet an unguent, than this: Recipe ol. ℥ two cerae ℥. i succi maioranae, ℥. i me●t them together, afterward add to it arsenici citr. triti ʒ. j. and so make your unguent.  

ANNOTATIONS.  
ᵃ He meaneth without binding it in, unto the rest of the wound, that it may die, for so, within two or three days, you may cut it away without pain.  
ᵇ In his diet also, is specially to be observed, tha● there be a measured mixture of purging matter, as p●isan, or almond milk, made with rhubarb. seen, or roots of swallowort, and his meats sodde with mumia and rupontick. Parac. Chir. mag. tr. iij. Who also in the 5. Chapter setteth down a powder, and an oil, in all cases of concrete blood, most excellent and approved. They are these:  

The powder.  
Rec. rhabarbari electi, ʒ. ij. mumiae, ʒ. ss. laccae rubrae, spermatis ceti, ana, ʒ. j. boli armeni, terrae sigillatae, ana, ʒ. ss. radicum hyrundinariae, ʒ. iij. fiat pulvis subtilis Dos.ʒ.j. in some convenient liquor.   

The oil.  
Rec. florum verbasci, m.j.fl. hyperici, m.iij rad asclepiadis, m.ss. mumiae, ℥ i ol. olivarum recentis, li.ij. terebintinae, li. j vini. rub. optimi, li. iij. coquantur omnia per horas seven. post vase vitreato probe occluso macerentur ad solem● ad tempus, ac exprimantur. So have you an oil (saith the author) in this case, incomparable● morning and evening it must be used.     

CHAP. FOUR Of a wound done by biting, or stinging of creatures, either venomous, or otherwise.  
WHether the creature that inflicted the wound, was venomous, as a mad dog, a serpent, scorpion, basilisk, dragon, viper, shrew, spider, etc. or else not venomous: such as a domestical dog, ape, man, horse, sow, cat, wasper be, etc. the patient is commonly able to deliver unto you, notwithstanding these signs do argue a venomous biting: to wit, pain, pricking, vehement biting grief, change of colour, the patiented vexed with grievous anguishes, all burning with heat, and sometime the body groweth astonished, his pain sometime slacketh, sometime reneweth, now heat, now cold, etc. If the biting be not venomous, the accidents are lesser.  
A venomous biting is most perilous, especially if it be of continuance, because poison doth always, naturally seek the destruction of the heart, whence it is, that if the patiented be hydrophobus, (that is, though thirsty, yet fearful of all water,) he is incurable.  

Cure.  For the cure of this kind of wound, we will consider of it (as before in setting down the signs) two ways, that is, as it is, either venomous, or not venomous If it be found venomous, we have three general intentions to provide a remedy for it. the first of them, is respecting the cause of the disease, the second standeth in regard of the pa●t affected: the third considereth of the disease itself. The cause therefore, being venom, showeth itself the first captain enemy to be dealt against. with whom to couple, we have three sorts of chosen weapons: manual operation, diet and medicines. Manual operation is performed by cupping, sucking with the mouth, cautery or cutting. The cupping must be done with much flame, and applied to the very wound, the parts round about being first scarified, whereby the more vicious blood may be drawn out. Mouthsucking is thought convenient, if the disease, be but light: or in steed of it, the tail of a hen applied to the wound. A cautery is to be used, so the place be not full of sinews. And cutting is approved, if the venom be of a malign nature, and abundantly impressed. The diet for this, is set down in the cure of the carbuncle. Now the medicines against this venom, must be 
a I cannot here, in silence overslip, the undoubted cure of a mad dogs biting, which julius Palmarius reporteth. Rec. foliorum rutae, verbenae, saluiae minoris, plantaginis, fol. polypodij, absynthii vulgaris, mentae, artemisiae, melissophili, betonicae, hyperici, centaurii minoris, singulorum aequale pondus. Gather them all about the midst of june, or (as the author sayeth) about the full moon thereof, s●w● them severally in papers, and dry them in the shadow. Of every of these (in time of need) take a like quantity, powder them, and give ʒ. ss. either in a spoon, with double sugar: or else in drink, broth, butter, or honey, every day, for three or four days, or mo●, if it be long after the biting, or the patiented become now fearful of water. For this doth not only prevent, but also cure that grievous and fearful accident, if more than three fits of it have not passed, before this cure begin. Except the wound● be given in the parts of the head above the t●ethe, or else the wounded part immediately after the by●ing, b● washed wi●h cold water. In the mean time, the wounded part must be fomented twice, or thrice every day, cum vino authydromelite, in quo suprapositi pulueris, ʒ. ss. soluta sit. After the fomentu●ion dressing it up, with your ordinary wound vnguen●●s, or plasters.  attractives: of which order you have a number, as, allium, cepa, sinapi, flammula, scabiosa, pulegium, calamentum, gentiana, polium, chamaedr●s, scordiu●, diptamnum, stercus c●prinum, fermentum, bryonia, asphodelus, aristol●chia, Euphorbium, galbanum, theriaca, etc. of which you may prepare your compounds, thus, ex nu●ibus, allijs coctis & tritis cum fermento, melle & sale● or ex allio cepa and theriaca. o● ex st●rcore caprarum, baccis ●auri, g●ntiana, dictamno, galbaeno, e●phorbio cum vino, vel oleo laurino & ●era. Else Recipe galbani, sagapeni, opoponacis, assae faetidae, myrrhae, piperis, sulphuris ana, ℥. ss. stercoris columbini & anatis, ana, ℥ two calamenti & mentastri ana● ℥. ss. dissolve the gums in wine, and so, adding mel, and oleum antiquum ● make your plaster. Another: Recipe pulueris aristolochiae longae, ℥ two asphodeli, brioniae, ana, ℥. i assae f●tidae, galbani, myrrhae, ana. ℥. ss. cum oleo laurino, & cera, fiat Emplastrum. The second intention being applied about the affected part, it is to be noted, that the same is to be done two manner of ways: as it is first, and by itself, or as it is secondly affected. For the part that first, and by itself is affected, it is sometime expedient to cut off, chiefly when it is such one, as may not unfitly admit such handling, as the extreme parts: as also when the wound is known to have such a conditioned venom, as bringeth unavoidable danger, such as are all serpents, to wit, the asp, the horned serpent Cerastes, the viper, etc. Now the part that cometh by his hurt at the second hand, is the heart: which therefore we must confirm, and keep safe from the venom, by all means of inward and outward medicines. a potion: Recipe theriacae ʒ. j. ss. vini oped. ℥ four mix them and make thereof a potion: or, Recipe theriacae ʒ. ij. galbani, assae faetidae, ana, ʒ. ss. lapidis magnetis, ʒ. j. ss. cum vino citoniorum vel aqu● scabiosae, fiat potio, serving for three times: the like may be made ex pul. cancrorum flwialium, & gentianae cum aqua pimpenellae. or a decoction ex gentiana, chamedrye, scordio, polio, anetho, cancris flwialibus, addito zaccaro. also, succus foliorum fraxiri, whereof let the patiented drink fasting. ℥ three the second or third day after his biting. Outward helps are likewise to be provided appliable to the nastrels, as nigella, as also to the heart, as epithemes which you shall find in the cure of the carbuncle. the third intention mindeth the disease itself, to wit, the wound as it i● unripe, filthy, hollow or plain, while it is unripe, it is to be wrought upon with ripeners or suppuratives, as ung basilicon, ung. fuscum cum galbano, etc. the other iij. require mundificatives, incarnatives, and cicatrizing medicines as shall be said hereafter.  
We have hitherto spoken of this kind of wound, as it is venomous, now as it is not venomous. To the cure whereof, we will also use three intentions, to wit respecting the cause the symptoms, and wound itself. The cause of the disease, being matter not venomous, is to be taken away by medicines more gently drawing, such as is oleum sambucinum applied hot, the symptom is pain, which is to be mitigated, with this lineament, Rec. ovi candidi, butyri, croci, olei violi●ti ana, q.s. mix them. or a plaster ex radic. altheae, malua, violaria, absynthio, chamomilla, r●sis, meliloto, furfure, vitellis ovorum, croco, ol. ros. chamomelino, etc. lastly the wound considered as it is filthy, must be cleansed, as it is hollow, filled, and as when it is plain skinned, as hereafter followeth.  

ANNOTATIONS.  
ᵃ I cannot here, in silence overslip, the undoubted cure of a mad dogs biting, which julius Palmarius reporteth. Rec. foliorum rutae, verbenae, saluiae minoris, plantaginis, fol. polypodij, absynthii vulgaris, mentae, artemisiae, melissophili, betonicae, hyperici, centaurii minoris, singulorum aequale pondus. Gather them all about the midst of june, or (as the author sayeth) about the full moon thereof, s●w● them severally in papers, and dry them in the shadow. Of every of these (in time of need) take a like quantity, powder them, and give ʒ. ss. either in a spoon, with double sugar: or else in drink, broth, butter, or honey, every day, for three or four days, or mo●, if it be long after the biting, or the patiented become now fearful of water. For this doth not only prevent, but also cure that grievous and fearful accident, if more than three fits of it have not passed, before this cure begin. Except the wound● be given in the parts of the head above the t●ethe, or else the wounded part immediately after the by●ing, b● washed wi●h cold water. In the mean time, the wounded part must be fomented twice, or thrice every day, cum vino authydromelite, in quo suprapositi pulueris, ʒ. ss. soluta sit. After the fomentu●ion dressing it up, with your ordinary wound vnguen●●s, or plasters.   

Supply.  
FOr the biting of a serpent, lizard, viper, spider, toad, etc. This is Paracelsus practice. 
Diet.  Let the Patientes diet be most slender, his drink vin●m rubrum astringens calybeatum cum modica theriaca, mixing also with every draft thereof, coralli rub. ʒ.ss. For defence of the principal parts, drink five times a day, 
●●●warde medicines.  oleum, in quo calybi candens aliquoties sit restinctus, ad li. j cum pulueris coralli rubr. ℥ two elect. de gemmis, ℥. ss. the first time give it warm, and ever after cold. Or let the Patient take a quantity of this mixture: Recipe Mithridate, ℥ two th●riacae bonae, ℥. i pulver. c●ralli rubr. ℥. i ss. mis●eantur. Also, that Philonium Pe●sicum drunk, doth greatly defend the head, & other principal parts, 
Outward medicines.  the same author very confidently avoucheth. Mean time, apply to the wound your foyne plaster, thus altered: Rec. emplas●ri stictici, ℥ three gummi, ℥ two cum ●leo denuo coquantur ad emplastri consistentiam, addendo mumiae pauxillum, and defend the whole member, with often applying clotheses wet in vinegar, wherein flo●●s hyperci verbasei, rosarum, & ●uta have steeped in the Sun, adding this observation: that when the wound inclineth to better, you thenceforth use the simple sticticum without any addition. Against excessive thirst, 
For the ●●●cidents.  (which is assure sign that the venom reaches the heart) give the patiented warm milk, with the powder of coral, and apply to the region of the heart, an E●itheme, ex aceto Rosaceo, cum campho●a & sandalis. True terra sigilla●a also, as it cureth these wounds, clay being made thereof with spittle, and presently applied, so in particular is it commended, against the venom of the spider and toad. And these means, with the balms set down in the Chap. of the simple wound, can fully furnish you, for poisoned shot.    

CHAP. V Of a simple wound in the flesh.  

Def.  A Simple wound is that which consists alone, that is, which is without loss of any substance, or any other affect, or symptom joined with it.  
The cause, whether it came of sword dart, 
Causes & signs.  or such like● the patient can best declare, and whether it be great or li●le, by sight you may discern.  

Cure.  Addressing you to the cure, first, remove all outward causes, which may hinder the joining (as here's or oil, etc.) which first must be removed. The second purpose is to join together the breach that is made, whether it be great or little: as, if it be but small, join together the sides of the wound by a decent ligature, to wit, a roll with two beginnings, and so those wounds whose sides are not far asunder, shall if they be exactly closed again, only by nature's work, without all other outward business, heal & grow together again. But if the division be great, it requireth further cure● as, first to be closed, by buttons, either else by stitching, with an even silk thread, taking your first stitch in the midst of the division, & the next two in the middle spaces, betwixt that midst, & either end of the wound, & so forward proceeding, as that betwixt every two stitches, there may space for one remain, until you have taken so many, as thereby the lips of the wound are sufficiently drawn together. After this● closing, dress up the wound with some agglutinative medicine● made of such simples, as, mastix, thus, aloe, sarcocolla, bolus armenus, terra sigillata, sanguis draconis, pulvis humani sanguinis, balaustium, malicorium, nux cupressi, plantago galla viridis, cauda ●quini, herba peti, etc. A powder may be thus compounded for the purpose: Recipe thu●is part. ij. sanguinis draconis partem unam: mix them and make thereof a powder, to be applied cum ovi candido. Another: Recipe b●li armeni, ter. sigillatae, ana, ʒ. vi. thus, masticis, sarcocollae, ana, ʒ. ij. mirrhae, aloes, ana, ʒ. j. ss. tragacanthi, sang. draconis, ana, ʒ. j. farinae hordei, farinae fabarum, ana, ʒ. ss. Make thereof a powder, and apply it as the other. An Epitheme for the purpose: Rec. aqua vitae, li.j. terebintinae abietis, mirrhae, thuris, masticis, ana, ℥. ss. Let them be set in the Sun for thirty days, and with the same, being warm, foment the wound the first dressing, laying upon it afterward this plaster: 
a 
Or this of Paracelsus m●st excellent: Rec. cerae virgineae, ol vulnerarij nostri (which is one of them that follow) ana, 
A plaster for preventing of accidents.  li. j.ss, lethargy auri, li.j. plumbi loti, li.ss. coquantur ad cerati consistentiam, dein add, bdellij● opoponacis, in aceto praeparatorum ana, ℥. j.ss. masticis, thuris, ana, ʒ. uj. myrrhae ℥ i mumiae, ℥. ss. ●ernicis cum herbis parati (example whereof doth follow) li ss. terebinthinae lotae, ℥ iij. fiat emplastrum, work it up in rolls, your hands ever anointed with vulnerary oil.  

Examples of his vulnerary oils.  
Rec olei, vel terebintinae, li.j. florum chamomillae, rosarum rub. prunellae, ana, m.j. florum hyperici, m.iij florum centaureae, chelidoniae, ana, m.ss. mixta omnia ponantur ad solem per duos menses: which performeth great things in wounds, and that without pain. What remaineth of this oil the year following, may be strained from his old flowers, and filled with new, and set again to digest in the Sun, so shall it become yet more excellent.   

Another.  
Recipe Ophioglossi, pirolae, agrimoniae, saniculae, ana, m.j. florum hyperici, m.ij rad. symphiti. m.ss. vermium terrestrium mundatorum, numero 100● olei vel terebenthinae, qs. pro maceratione omnium, sistantur ad solem, ad tempus legitimum digestionis. To these you may add mumia, thus, myrrha, mastiche, but not in great quantity. Also, in Winter, you may put into the same oil, the seeds of those herbs bruised, and set in some hot place to digest.   

Another.  
Rec. ol olivarum li.ss. terebintinae ℥ three florum hyperici quantum suff. ad implendum, florum verbasci tertiam partem ad flores hyperici, vini albi generos. sextarium unum & semis, decoquantur ad consumptionem vini: postea ad tempus legitimum insolentur.   

Preparation of Varnish.  
Rec. Fernicis quantum videbitur, herbis & floribus antea dictis expleatur, & digestioni solis exponatur.    Recipe ammoniaci in aceto dissoluti, ℥ two gummi elemij, ℥ four resinae pini, ℥ .v. terebenthynae abietis, ℥ three olei ros. ℥ two make hereof a plaster: or, this: Rec. terebenthinae, ℥ twelve resinae pini, ℥ three gummi elemij ℥ .v. aristologiae longae, ℥. i sang. draconis, ℥. i cerae parum, make a plaster. If you will have an unguent for the purpose, do thus: Recipe 
b Paracelsus showeth an excellent manner of making vulnerary unguents: an example whereof for the Readers use, I have here set down: Recipe rad. symphiti, li.j. ophioglossi vel saniculae, li. j ss. aristoloch. rec. ℥ ●iij● florum hyperici, ℥ two vermium terr. mund● li. ss. Contundantur in formam pulticulae, postea affunde vini, tantum ut pa●lulum supernatet: boil them in balneo mariae for ten hours, then strain them, and put to mellificij apum recentis, vel butyri maialis, li. iij. boil them again, as at first, after strain them out strongly, and set it in a vessel to the Sun, ●ill it grow to a just consistence.  succi herbae peti. lib.j. picis ℥ three cerae, resinae, olei, ana, ℥ three boil them all to the consumption of the juice, then put to terebenthinae venetae, ℥ three Make your unguent. Or, if balms more delight you, prepare them thus: Rec. terebenthinae, li.j. euphorbij. ℥. ss. sulphuris, ℥. ss. salis, ℥. i olei, li.j. coquantur duashoras, lento igne, colentur, and apply the same warm unto the wound. Another: Recipe terebenthinae, li.j. galbani, ℥ two gummi elemij, ℥ two gummi hederae ℥ two ●huris, masticis, myrrhae, ana, ℥ two aloes, xyloaloes, galangae, ana, ℥. i caryophyllorum, cinamomi, ana, ℥. i nucis moscatae, cubebarum ana, ℥. i aquae vitae, ℥ three let them be infused and distilled to a balm. Thus, the union being once made, the next scope is to preserve the ●ame, which is also done by the continuance of a decent binding, by ●it placing of the member, by feames and glutinative medicines, & so long is it to be so ordered, till the wound be justly joined again. Therefore after you have once so applied your remedies to the wound, you shall not again unroule it, until the third or fourth day 
c 
Admit this tolerable in small and simple wounds, yet in all great wounds, I avouch it very hurtful. For, after nature hath wrought her work of one dressing, she strait desireth riddance of the excrements, made in that business, and new nourishment of medicines, for her further proceeding: wherein if nature be not answered, a double damage ensueth: as loss of time to the curing, and generation of an evil quality in the wound, by the long putrefying of the matter there. And this I take occasion to note here, lest any man by this place, should confirm himself in an evil custom. If it be demanded, what time should be limited to the ordinary dressinges: I answer, twelve hours. far otherwise (I know●) is the custom of Barbours'. But I writ unto the sons of art.  
Here also, a word or two, out of Paracelsus, for the manner of using, and applying these medicines: First, he divideth the whole time of the cure into three parts, called his three ligatures. The first part, is the first eight or nine d●yes, in which the wound is thus to be followed. power into the wound, some of your vulnerary oil, balm, or unguent, warm, and fill it up with your linty properties, wet therein, or rather, (as he specially approveth) with the flowers, and simples remaining in your vulnerary oil, aloft then apply your plaster, and round about the borders of the wound, lay the same flowers and simples, or (if you had rather) clothes wet in oxyrrhodino: dressing it so every twelve hours.  
If the wound be a foyne or prick, iniect of the oil or balm, into the bottom. If it be in the h●●d● lay first a linen cloth, or lint, dipped in your oil, or baume, (but no distilled balm) into the bottom of the wound, and fill up the same a●●er with flowers, being wary of oppressing the membrans: aloft lay ●n your plaster, as aforesayde● and bind it vp● Let your plaster be this above said: or else the Sticticum in the annotations of the sixth Chapter.  
The second ligature, which beginneth after those eight or nine days, is thus accomplished, with a feather dippeth in your balm, touch the wound over, thereupon then apply your plaster: and thus continued until the joints, nerves, or such like parts (which were bore) be all covered with flesh.  
Then proceed to the third ligature, which is done, by the only application of the Sticticum plaster. This is his course in all great wounds, for the preventing of accidents. In small wounds there needeth less curiosity.   after, vn●esse pain or inflammation, or other symptom arise. But the fourth lay you shall look upon it. Whether the wound be joined together or no: if it be not, than foment the same with some sour astringent wine, being warmed, and after put thereon some powder astringent, and glutinatorie, together with terebentine, or some of the aforesaid plasters, etc.  
The last intention is the forestall of accidents, as flux of blood, pain, inflammation, and such other, which are easily prohibited in small wounds, if immediately after the closing together the lips of the wound, you minister upon it a stupe, wet i● the white of an egg, beaten, and afterward rightly ●owle up the part: For this shall prevent the coming, both of bloody flux, pain, and inflammation.  

ANNOTATIONS.  
ᵃ Or this of Paracelsus m●st excellent: Rec. cerae virgineae, ol vulnerarij nostri (which is one of them that follow) ana, 
A plaster for preventing of accidents.  li. j.ss, lethargy auri, li.j. plumbi loti, li.ss. coquantur ad cerati consistentiam, dein add, bdellij● opoponacis, in aceto praeparatorum ana, ℥. j.ss. masticis, thuris, ana, ʒ. uj. myrrhae ℥ i mumiae, ℥. ss. ●ernicis cum herbis parati (example whereof doth follow) li ss. terebinthinae lotae, ℥ iij. fiat emplastrum, work it up in rolls, your hands ever anointed with vulnerary oil.  

Examples of his vulnerary oils.  
Rec olei, vel terebintinae, li.j. florum chamomillae, rosarum rub. prunellae, ana, m.j. florum hyperici, m.iij florum centaureae, chelidoniae, ana, m.ss. mixta omnia ponantur ad solem per duos menses: which performeth great things in wounds, and that without pain. What remaineth of this oil the year following, may be strained from his old flowers, and filled with new, and set again to digest in the Sun, so shall it become yet more excellent.   

Another.  
Recipe Ophioglossi, pirolae, agrimoniae, saniculae, ana, m.j. florum hyperici, m.ij rad. symphiti. m.ss. vermium terrestrium mundatorum, numero 100● olei vel terebenthinae, qs. pro maceratione omnium, sistantur ad solem, ad tempus legitimum digestionis. To these you may add mumia, thus, myrrha, mastiche, but not in great quantity. Also, in Winter, you may put into the same oil, the seeds of those herbs bruised, and set in some hot place to digest.   

Another.  
Rec. ol olivarum li.ss. terebintinae ℥ three florum hyperici quantum suff. ad implendum, florum verbasci tertiam partem ad flores hyperici, vini albi generos. sextarium unum & semis, decoquantur ad consumptionem vini: postea ad tempus legitimum insolentur.   

Preparation of Varnish.  
Rec. Fernicis quantum videbitur, herbis & floribus antea dictis expleatur, & digestioni solis exponatur.   
ᵇ Paracelsus showeth an excellent manner of making vulnerary unguents: an example whereof for the Readers use, I have here set down: Recipe rad. symphiti, li.j. ophioglossi vel saniculae, li. j ss. aristoloch. rec. ℥ ●iij● florum hyperici, ℥ two vermium terr. mund● li. ss. Contundantur in formam pulticulae, postea affunde vini, tantum ut pa●lulum supernatet: boil them in balneo mariae for ten hours, then strain them, and put to mellificij apum recentis, vel butyri maialis, li. iij. boil them again, as at first, after strain them out strongly, and set it in a vessel to the Sun, ●ill it grow to a just consistence.  
ᶜ Admit this tolerable in small and simple wounds, yet in all great wounds, I avouch it very hurtful. For, after nature hath wrought her work of one dressing, she strait desireth riddance of the excrements, made in that business, and new nourishment of medicines, for her further proceeding: wherein if nature be not answered, a double damage ensueth: as loss of time to the curing, and generation of an evil quality in the wound, by the long putrefying of the matter there. And this I take occasion to note here, lest any man by this place, should confirm himself in an evil custom. If it be demanded, what time should be limited to the ordinary dressinges: I answer, twelve hours. far otherwise (I know●) is the custom of Barbours'. But I writ unto the sons of art.  
Here also, a word or two, out of Paracelsus, for the manner of using, and applying these medicines: First, he divideth the whole time of the cure into three parts, called his three ligatures. The first part, is the first eight or nine d●yes, in which the wound is thus to be followed. power into the wound, some of your vulnerary oil, balm, or unguent, warm, and fill it up with your linty properties, wet therein, or rather, (as he specially approveth) with the flowers, and simples remaining in your vulnerary oil, aloft then apply your plaster, and round about the borders of the wound, lay the same flowers and simples, or (if you had rather) clothes wet in oxyrrhodino: dressing it so every twelve hours.  
If the wound be a foyne or prick, iniect of the oil or balm, into the bottom. If it be in the h●●d● lay first a linen cloth, or lint, dipped in your oil, or baume, (but no distilled balm) into the bottom of the wound, and fill up the same a●●er with flowers, being wary of oppressing the membrans: aloft lay ●n your plaster, as aforesayde● and bind it vp● Let your plaster be this above said: or else the Sticticum in the annotations of the sixth Chapter.  
The second ligature, which beginneth after those eight or nine days, is thus accomplished, with a feather dippeth in your balm, touch the wound over, thereupon then apply your plaster: and thus continued until the joints, nerves, or such like parts (which were bore) be all covered with flesh.  
Then proceed to the third ligature, which is done, by the only application of the Sticticum plaster. This is his course in all great wounds, for the preventing of accidents. In small wounds there needeth less curiosity.    

CHAP. VI Of a deep and privy wound received in the flesh without loss of substance.  
THis wound hath two special indications to institute the cure by, according to his situation in the member, either upwards or downwards. As for the first, if the Orifice of the wound look downward, and the bottom be upward, so, as the matter may freely, and pronewise flow out of the wound, such a one is to be joined both by an orderly ligature, such as may begin above, and end below, where the orifice is, as also by stitching and glutinative medicines, such as afore are set down in the cure of a simple wound in the flesh. But if contrariwise the orifice be upward, and the bottom of the wound tending to the lower parts, so as there is therein a resting place for the matter: then here is use for the second indication, which noteth a necessity of 
a If from the beginning, the wound be so dressed, as that first it be cleansed from the bottom, with iniection ex vino, myrrha & sale coctis, (the part so placed as that it may run out again) and then dressed up with your vulnerary oyl● injected, and Sticticum plaster alof● applied, with an ingenious bolstering and rolling. I● this course (I say) be taken every dressing, from the beginning, and nature not otherwise vexed by barbarou●●enting, very seldom shall such incision come in use.  incision for the healing of this wound. which incision must be made, either from the orifice down to the bottom, or else in the bottom only, that the matter may go out. But whether way is the most expedient, you shall learn, by considering the nature of the place, and greatness of the wound. For if you find the place dangerous to make incision in, and the wound itself go deep, then is it more expedient to open the same in the bottom. Otherwise, if it be shallow and the place without danger, it is best to make division down from the orifice. afterward minister some mu●difyinge medicine upon a sauft stupe or cloth, and let it be shifted twice every day, etc.  

ANNOTATION.  
ᵃ If from the beginning, the wound be so dressed, as that first it be cleansed from the bottom, with iniection ex vino, myrrha & sale coctis, (the part so placed as that it may run out again) and then dressed up with your vulnerary oyl● injected, and Sticticum plaster alof● applied, with an ingenious bolstering and rolling. I● this course (I say) be taken every dressing, from the beginning, and nature not otherwise vexed by barbarou●●enting, very seldom shall such incision come in use.  

Emplastrum Sticticum.  
Recipe ol olivarum, ℥. vi. cerae, ℥ i quibus liquefactis, add lithargirij ℥ ij ammoniaci, bdellij, ana, ℥. ss. galbani, opoponacis, ana, ʒ. ij. aristolochiae rotund. calaminaris, myrrhae, thuris, ana, ʒ. ij. ol. laurini tantundem, terebinthinae purae, ℥ i gummi ex aceto praeparata, pinguibus cum lithargi●o ad cerati formam coctis, adiungantur, postea pulueres, deinde ol. laurinum, & postremo terebynthina, & sic, summa cum diligentia agitando, coquantur ad emplastri consistentiam. In making the same up in rolls, it must be wrought with hands three or four hours, your hands (as you need) being ever anointed ex oleo ●osaceo, vel chamomelino.     

CHAP. VII. Of a hollow wound, with loss of substance in both the skins, and in the subject flesh.  
THE causes and signs hereof, being easily apprehended, as also the accidents manifest, we will pass on to the cure, after the consideration of two notes that concern judgement in it. The outward coming causes, 
Prog.  being not removed, do hinder generation of flesh and also healing. Also accidents coming upon the wound and not removed first, do prohibit the curation.  
Let the first intention therefore, 
Cure.  in this case, be, to remove outward things incident to the wound, as darts, or other things inflicted, hairs, filth, etc. with instruments convenient. Then next to cure the wound itself, which being hollow, requireth a filling with flesh, and that in regard of the quality of the wound, and of the excrement: which in the generation of the flesh it engendreth● which excrement being of two sorts, a thicker called sordes, and a thinner called sanies, (the last making the wound to moist, the other filthy) must be met withal, with medicines of a double quality, to wit, meanly drying and wiping, called commonly incarnatives, of which sort are these simples: thuris lachryma, thus, cortex thuris, mastix, aloes, v●num rubrum, austerum, colophonia, pix, resina, farina hordei, & faenugraeci, 
a These are fit for children, or effaeminate bodies.  aristolochia, iris, farina orobi, farina lupinorum, panax, 
b These may you sort out, for bodies or parts of drier temperature.  centaurium, polium, glutinum, cadmia, Pomph●lyx, plumbum, antimonium, Chalcitis, 
c And these last, for parts or bodies, far more dry: wherein also must be observed, that the minerals be first artificially prepared, by burning and washing. But if your balms and plasters be right, what need these new devices of incarnatives, and I know not what? I will in no wise, be guilty of these strayings.  etc. Compound incarnatives you may thus provide, both powders and unguents: Rec. olibani, aloes, sarcocollae, sanguinis draconis, radicis ireos, ana, partem j make thereof powder. Or, Rec. thuris, masticis, myrrhae, sarcocollae, boli armeni, sang. draconis, farinae hordei, ana partem j Make a powder: Rec. resinae ℥ ij. terebynthinae ℥ three mellis, ℥. i ss. thuris, masticis, myrrh● ana, ʒ. ij. sarcocollae, aloes, croci, ana, ʒ. ij. ol. li. ss cerae ℥ .v. fiat unguentum. Another: Rec. agrimonij, absynthij, verbenae, centaurij, gallitrici, chelidoniae, scabiosae, symphiti ma. semperuivi, Cyn●glossae, caulium rub. plan tag. mi. fabae inversae, otherwise called, Crassula mi●or, ana, m.j. Out of all these draw the juice, and add unto it, aceti li.ss. ol. ros. ℥ ix cerae alb. ℥ four axungiae vervecis, li ss. r●sinae ℥ x boil all together at a safety fire, then put in galbani ammoniaci in aceto dissoluti, ana, ℥. ss. terebynthinae, li, ss. mellis ℥ three thuris masticis, ana, ℥. i resinae crudae, ℥ three make thereof your unguent. And as your medicines aught to be thus, 
Canonns.  of quality, contrary to the property of the disease: so must you likewise further observe, to intend or weaken the force of your medicine, according to the state, both of the wound and temperament, both of the whole body and wounded part, as thus: The natural temperature, both of the whole body, and of the wounded part, must be conserved & kept, by things agreeable, or like unto it● but that distemperature which falleth in, contrary to nature, must be driven away by contraries● for it perisheth whatsoever is drawn into a contrary plight, and by a contrary thing. accordingly therefore, a wound, the moister it is, the drier medicine doth it need. But withal, the nature of the body, by how much the moister, by so much the less drying medicine is required of it. Wherefore if there be wounds in divers bodies, in which wounds, there is a like humidity: that wound that is in a drier temperature of body, needeth more drying, and that in the moister, so much less, as there is difference betwixt those two natures: if so be you mean to make the new flesh answerable to the old. Likewise● on the other side, where the old is drier, it is convenient, that the new be drier also. And so this must have drying medicines more plentiful, yea & by how much more it is the drier, by so much the more drying faculty must your medicine have. And contrariwise, in a moister nature, so much the less of drying medicines need you, as the flesh in that party, is less of nature, dry. The same reason standeth whole, to be observed in his diet also. Accidents, whether they be present, or you fear them: are to be either prohibited, either else removed, as hath been said in other places.  

ANNOTATIONS.  
ᵃ These are fit for children, or effaeminate bodies.  
ᵇ These may you sort out, for bodies or parts of drier temperature.  
ᶜ And these last, for parts or bodies, far more dry: wherein also must be observed, that the minerals be first artificially prepared, by burning and washing. But if your balms and plasters be right, what need these new devices of incarnatives, and I know not what? I will in no wise, be guilty of these strayings.    

CHAP. VIII. Of an equal or filled wound.  
THE signs of an equal, plain or filled wound, are manifest, so as I need not stand upon them. I will therefore come to the cure, after I have laid down this note, that may direct you, in the delivery of your judgement concerning this case. 
Prog.  it is this. The matter of the skin considered, which taketh it beginning from the seed, it is evident that the like to that which was lost in a●l points cannot be gotten by art again: but notwithstanding, some like things and which may fulfil the office of that which is lost may be restored, being yet, not plainly the skin.  

Cure.  In the cure hereof, are two general scopes or intentions to be had: The one respecting the wound itself: the other the accidents. The wound therefore, being now plain and equal, must be cicatrized and covered with skin. This is to be performed, by medicines, which do consume not only superfluous, but even the natural moisture also, and they be such as have some measure of astringent faculty, but very much drying. of which sort here followeth both simples and compounds. Simples drying and astringent of themselves, are Galla, balaustium, ostrea usta, cortex malorum granat● bedeguar, sumach, spina aegiptia, bolus armenus, terra sigil. cerussa, plumbum, ustum & lotum, lithargyrum, cortex pini, etc. Other do it accidentally: as, aes ustum & lotum, squamma aeris, alumen, ustum, & lotum, vitriolum ustum & lotum, plantago, aristochia usta, soleae calceorum. Compounded medicines be these: an Epitheme: balaustia & sumach boil in vino austero, and therewith foment the wound. A powder: Rec. corticis pini, ℥. j● nucum cupressi, centaurij minoris, aristolochiae ustae, ana, ʒ. ij. cerussae, lithargiri, ana, ℥. ss. make thereof a powder to sprinkle upon the wound. A read unguent: Rec. cerussae, ℥ three lethargy, ℥ two minij, ℥. j caphurae, ʒ. ij. ol. ros. li.j. ss. aquae ros. ℥ ij. albuminum o●orum, numero iij. cerae albae. q.s. make your unguent. A white unguent: Rec. lithargiri, ℥. i cerussae, ℥. i ol. ros. aquae ros. ana, q.s. make your unguent. A plaster: Rec. cerussae ℥ four lithargiris ʒ. j. terebynthinae, ℥ ix thuris masticis, aluminis, cochlearum limacum ustarum, ana, ℥. ss. caph●rae ʒj. coquan●ur cerussa, lithargirum, oleum & cera● lento igne, at the end of the boiling, put to terebynthinam, and when you have taken it from the fire, put to the Powder. Another: Rec. antimonij, aeris ac plumbi ustorum, lithargir●, & cerussae lotorum, corticis thuris, sarcocollae, th●ti● praeparatae, aluminis crudi, ana, ℥. i balaustiorum. P.j. caphurae ʒ. ij. cerae albae li ss. ol. ros. ℥ three melt the wax & oil together, & after put to the rest. Another: Rec. lithargiri, cerussae, ana, ℥ vi plumbi usti lapidis, calamina●is, terr. ●igillatae, ana, ℥ four colophoniae, picis navalis, resinae, ana, ℥ two resinae crudae sar●ocollae, ladani, ireos, ana, ℥ j ss. caphurae, ℥. ss. sem. porri, ℥ ij. ol. rosati, li.j. ss. cerae albae, ℥ four make it a plaster.  
The accidents incident unto this ca●e, 
Accidents  are concerning the uncomeliness or deformity of the cicatrice, which must be amended by medicines accordingly: as if it be too nesh & tender, you must thicken it, with diachilon, or, cum lithargyro nutrito, or with oil, in which radices bryoniae are sodden, or calamintha in oleo cocta, or argenti spuma cum rosaceo albo, lota, etc. Contrariwise, overthicke and hard cicatrixes, are to be attenuated, with ●leum basa●itae, radic● cucumeris agrestis, stamped and applied, Pinguedo asini, cum argenti spuma. Oleum de lilio, d● myrrh●. All kind of gums dissolved in aqua rosacea. Or this distilled water: Rec. myrrhae, aloes, styracis utriusque, ana, ℥. i mumiae, baccarum lauri, ana, ℥. ss. grind them indifferently, and with a glass limbeck, at a safety fire, distil them, and use the liquor of it. If the cicatrice bear an evil colour, which is another deformity, then to bring it to a whiteness, use those means: Rec. ol. de tartaro, ℥ three mucilag. sem. Psillij, ℥. ss. cerussae in ol. rosae● dissolutae, ℥. i boracis, or ●alis gem, ʒ. ij. make thereof a lineament. A plaster for the purpose is this: Rec. axungiae suillae, ℥ three lithargiris, ℥. i ●ruginis rasilis, v●rioli combusti, ana, ʒ. ij. make it a plaster.   

CHAP. IX. Of a wound having overgrown, or proud flesh.  
A Wound overgrown with flesh is both an instrumental disease, 
Def.  in quantity, and also a common disease, in respect of solution of unity.  

Cure.  As it is an instrumentarie disease, to wit, with flesh too proudly growing, it is to be dealt withal with medicines, that may diminish & take away the same, such as are those, that be sharp and drying: namely, Chalcitis, vitriolum, alumen ustum, radices asphodelorum, hermodactilorum, nucl●i dactylorum ustorum, semen urticae, serpentaria, squamma aeris, aes ustum, cinis ●rinacei, stupae minutim incisae, pulvis mercurij, calx viva. sublimatum, hydrargyrum etc. Compounded medicines for the purpose you haue● unguentum AEgipciacum, or apostolorum: or such as follow you may provide: Rec. aquae vitae ℥ ij. aeruginis rasi●is, ℥ two mix them. Or Rec. hydrargyri sublimati, ʒ ij. aluminis crudi●ʒv. aquae rosarum, vel plantag. ℥ uj boil them to the consumption of the fourth part. Another: Rec. salis nitri, vitrioli romani, aluminis, ana, ℥. ss. hydrargyri sublimati, ʒss. aquae plantag. ℥ uj aceti, ℥ ij. boil them as aforesaid. But when you minister these medicines, it behoveth to defend the place, in applying about the wound unguenun de bolo armeno. If further dealing then thus be required, it is done with chirurgical applying of the incision knife, cautery, hot scissours, etc. lastly, the common case this wound hath in respect of solution or breach of unity, requireth his conjunction, or rather cicatrisation, which, how it is done, is now before declared.   

CHAP. X. Of the wound in the sinew, tendon, and ligament being pricked.  
WHat thing it was whereby such a prick was given, 
Causes & signs.  is best understood by the Patientes tale: and whether it be a nerve, tendon or ligament that is pricked, it is easily seen. 
a He meaneth, it is easily scanned out, by artificial conjecture.  if a sinew be wounded, there is great pain, hurt of both sense and motion, sometime a fever, inflammation convulsion and raving.  
Sinewy ligamentes will abide the force of the strongest remedies. 
Prog  Again if a tumour appear in wounds of the sinews, and afterwards vanish away, it threateneth the danger of a convulsion and raving.  
In the cure first remove, if there be any thing sticking in the wound, according as is taught now before● 
Cure.  then respect the substance of the part that is hurt, that it be defended, and kept from all injuries thereto incident: against which, you shall well provide, if you prevent the generation of inflammations: which by diet and bloudletting shall be aptly done. Let his air therefore and place where he lieth be warm, a safety bed, much rest, gentle frication, and chiefly of the contrary parts. Let the belly be kept lose, by clysters, or laxative medicines, according to the nature of the humours in the body. Let his meat be cold and dry, and sparing in the highest degree. His drink 
b Or with us, small ale, or beer.  water boiled etc. Hot air is hurtful for that it breedeth inflammation. Again, cold air hurteth, for that it is an enemy to the sinews. so let him avoid moving, much meat, and such like. Let blood also, although there be no fullness of the body apparent, so that there be strong virtue and livelihood, and no other thing of sufficient value withstanding. And in this doing have always due regard to the affinity of places. The substance of the part being thus provided and cared for: note next as touching the wound itself, which must not be united, no● kept shut, but remain open. And if it carry not a sufficient open issue, it must be so opened, as the matter may flow forth: then the pain must be eased, and the eruginous or fretting matter got forth: which fitly may be done, with medicines, that heat and dry without pain: to wit, as oleum fabinum, fambu●inum, i●i●●m, ●icyonium, oil. terebynthinae, oleum in quo sal coxerit, cum terebynthin●, as followeth: Your last general intention, for the cure of this kind of wound, shallbe in regard of the symptoms, 
Acciden●●  as pain, convulsion, inflammation or putrefaction, which if they join with the pricking of a sinew must needs be remoued● to mitigate therefore the pain & bring out the eruginous matter you may apply ●l. ex vi●ellis ovorum, o● l●mbricorum, or ol. rosac. cum terebynthina: else oleum terebynthinae, or, oleum sabinum, or this oil: Rec. euphorbij, ʒ. j. olei, ℥ two boil them together and strain out the oil. Plasters to that purpose are thus to be devised, Recipe musci quercini, m.ij furfuris m.j. olibani, ℥. i coquantur in vino, & tantillo aceti, till they come to the form of a pulteis. another: Rec. micae panis, in lact bubulo imbutae, olei ros. ol. chamomillae, vitellorum ovorum, ana, q.s. croci parum make thereof a plaster. another, Rec. rad. altheae, farinae hordei, farinae fabarum, farinae lentium ana, q.s. coquantur cum sapa, vel lixivio, then put to it, ol. rosati, chamomelini, & anethini, terebynthinae, ana, qs. croci parum, make thereof your plaster. stronger yet than those if need be, you may thus ordain: Rec. micae panis in lact bubulo maceratae, q.s. p●paueris albi, q.s. opij parum, contundantur optime, and warm, lay it on the pained place. or this: Rec. farinae tritici ℥ two succi fol. hyosciami ℥ three make thereof a pulteis and apply it hot. A convulsion or cramp you shall remove, if forthwith you anoint the head, neck, whole chine-bone, shoulder and armepitte, (if the wound be in the hand) else the share bone and flank (if the wound be in the foot or leg) with hot oil of lilies, or oleum laurinum, or costinum, or spicatum, or oleum ex pulegio, or ol. common, whereto a little castorium, or euphorbium is added. An inflammation or phlegmone chancing is to be borough to suppuration 
c To wit, if the matter gathered have made an abscess: otherwise it were absurd, that assoon as we see an inflammation, we should give our minds to suppurate the same.  with this plaster: Rec. farinae orobi farinae fabarum, & hordei ana, q.s. coquantur cum lixivio & ●apa & modico aceti. or this Rs. lumbricorum ℥ two porrorum tritorum ℥. i ol. communis q.s. misce. ● After it is suppurated, prepare this unguent to mundify it. Rec. farinae hordei, farinae fabarum ana, ℥. ss. farinae lupinorum & orobi ana, ʒ. ij. pull. lumbricorum, ʒ. j. vini decoct. caudae equinae, ac prassij, ac matricary q.s. then after add to it mellis ros. ℥ two sarcocollae, sagapeni, in praedicto vino dissolute. ana, ʒ. j. fiat unguentum.  
The last symptom is putrefaction or corruption, which is to be taken away either by 
d If by putrefaction, he mean that thin, slimy matter, that runneth from the sinews, like the whites of eggs, as Pareus Andraeus a Cruse, and others understand it, then is this counsel dangerous: for this cometh not to pass, but the wound is first depraved, either by the patientes intemperance, or the Chirurgeons medicines: in either of which, to use cawsticke medicines is hurtful, sith they remove not the cause, but exasperated the evil: If it be asked, what is to be done in this case, I answer, if the patientes government be good, then remove your medicines, for they are either too hot or too relaxing and opening: and appease nature, by assuaging the pain and inflammation (which always keep company with this accident) after that, your care is ended for this matter. For pain and inflammation, you have instructions in the first Chapter: as also for this matter yet more.  cawsticke medicines as AEgip●iacum or else with a hot iron. etc.  

ANNOTAIONS.  
ᵃ He meaneth, it is easily scanned out, by artificial conjecture.  
ᵇ Or with us, small ale, or beer.  
ᶜ To wit, if the matter gathered have made an abscess: otherwise it were absurd, that assoon as we see an inflammation, we should give our minds to suppurate the same.  
ᵈ If by putrefaction, he mean that thin, slimy matter, that runneth from the sinews, like the whites of eggs, as Pareus Andraeus a Cruse, and others understand it, then is this counsel dangerous: for this cometh not to pass, but the wound is first depraved, either by the patientes intemperance, or the Chirurgeons medicines: in either of which, to use cawsticke medicines is hurtful, sith they remove not the cause, but exasperated the evil: If it be asked, what is to be done in this case, I answer, if the patientes government be good, then remove your medicines, for they are either too hot or too relaxing and opening: and appease nature, by assuaging the pain and inflammation (which always keep company with this accident) after that, your care is ended for this matter. For pain and inflammation, you have instructions in the first Chapter: as also for this matter yet more.    

CHAP. XI. Of a wound made in the sinew by way of cutting.  
A sinew being cut, 
Signs.  especially overthwart, there followeth pain, hurt of feeling, and sometimes inflammation, fever convulsion, etc.  
If a ●inew be wounded overthwart, 
Prog●  and not quite cut a sunder, there hangeth more danger of convulsion over it, then if it were so sundered thoroughly: by reason that from the fibres which be cut, inflammation 
a Or rather, because the cut fibres, by their shrinking, do ever 'cause stretching and tearing toward the whole fibres.  is communicated to those that be not cut, and so again the fibres that be uncutte, stir up a convulsion. But if all the nerve be cut a sunder, there is no further fear, neither doth any other danger ensue, save weakness of that part. If such a ligament be hurt as goeth from bone to bone, to join them together, it is most without danger: and with whatsoever medicines you dry the same you shall not offend the party. But if it be such a one, as inserteth itself into a muscle, look how much it bringeth less danger, then if it were a sinew or tendon, by so much the more (unless it be rightly and diligently cured) is it more perilous than the other sort of ligamentes. If in a wound of the sinews a tumour appear, and afterwards vanish, it threateneth the peril of convulsion or raving.  

Cure.  First (as I have often admonished) provide, that no outward thing remain in the wound. Secondly for the conservation of the substance of the part from inflammation and convulsion, let blood largelyer than in the case of a sinew pricked, and appoint a convenient diet, as temperate air, rest● a sauft bed, little meat, and anoint the flanks, neck, head and chinebone, with store of oil. On the other side, air either too hot or cold hurteth, so doth moving, surfeiting, drunkenness, etc. costiveness of the belly, etc. Thirdly with the wound itself deal in this manner: if the skin be not open enough, make the entrance wider. Then ●oyne again the nerve (if it may be) with● 
b He hath this also from Calmeteus: who perem●orily appointeth it● being perhaps moved by the authority of Guido, and some others: but he that well considereth the reason, of a convulsion coming of a nerve half cut, will neither practise this himself, nor counsel it to others.  stitching, as you do the flesh: after that put upon it this medicine: Rec. lumbricorum praeparatorum ʒ. iij. caudae equinae ʒ. ij. pulv. betonicae, pul. urticae, ana, ʒ. j. olibani ʒ. iij. carnium limacum quantum sufficiat ad uniendum: use the same four days, laying aloft some glutinative, as is this unguent following: Rs. centaureae minoris, plantaginis, cynoglossae, pilosellae● consolidae utriusque, caudae equinae, millefolij ana, m.j. vermium terrestr. li. ss. ol. & vini oped. ana, li. j ss. aceti. ℥ four stamp them, and mix and infuse them together seven days, then add to, sevi arietis, li. j picis, resinae ana, ℥ three seethe them to the consumption of the wine and vinegar, add to the straining, ammoniaci, galbani, opoponacis in aceto dissol. ●na, ʒ. v. terebynthinae ℥. i ss. thuris, masticis, sarcocollae, ana, ʒ. iij. croci ʒ. ij. cerae q.s. make thereof an unguent. the symptoms which here might be spoken of, are all sufficiently before handled, and taught how to be dealt with, only if in this case a convulsion come, the whole nerve must be cut through or cut off with a hot iron: and after, oleum samb●cinum, or ●erebynthinae to be applied.  

ANNOTATIONS●  
ᵃ Or rather, because the cut fibres, by their shrinking, do ever 'cause stretching and tearing toward the whole fibres.  
ᵇ He hath this also from Calmeteus: who perem●orily appointeth it● being perhaps moved by the authority of Guido, and some others: but he that well considereth the reason, of a convulsion coming of a nerve half cut, will neither practise this himself, nor counsel it to others.    

CHAP. XII. Of a wound in the veins and arteries.  
WHether this wound was given by sword, 
Causes.  or shaft or the breach was made by a fall, or to much fullness of the body, else some crush, as of stones falling on, or the vessels be fretted out by colour or some salt humour, all this I say, partly by the patients telling, partly by the proper signs of humours may be acknowledged.  
That there is breach in some vessel, 
signs.  profusion of blood is evidence enough, but whether it be a vein or artery, these signs shall testify, to wit, the flowing of thicker & blacker blood, without pulslike moving, showeth a bleeding vein: but the blood of an artery is thin, and yellow, and comes forth leapingwise.  
An artery cut overthwart, 
Prog.  is sooner joined and healed, then if it were divided longwise. And an artery is harder to heal then a vein. Flux of blood is perilous. for unless it stay or be stopped, it bringeth death avoidable because blood is the treasure of nature. sounding, convulsion, raving, or yesking in the flux of blood, betoken evil.  

C●re.  This cure hath in it two general scopes: the first is to stay the blood, the second to cure the wound. To stay the blood you have divers ways to practise: and first by turning the course of it, either by drawing to a contrary part, or else deriving it oth●● whether it is drawn to a contrary part, without evacuation, by cupping without scarifying, frications, and ligatures on the opposite parts of the same side. It is turned away with evacuation, by opening a vein on the contrary part, and letting it flow, and stay again, by times. And the deriving of the course of it other-whither is done by opening a vein in some part near unto the wound. The second means to work withal, is to bridle and intercept the furious course of it, by things that may thicken, astonish, or cool. These thicken the blood, to wit, len●es, oriza, iuiub●, mala cotonea, etc. fructus omnes stiptici, etc. this doth astonish the heady rage of it, to wit, cold water, either drunk, or applied round about the place whence the blood floweth, but not upon the place itself: for a cold thing is biting to an ulcer: cooling thinger be reckoned, fainting, sounding, etc. the third means to be used, concerns the place itself, and standeth partly in the use of the hand, partly in the application of medicines. The means to be used by hand are sundry: as either the application of the finger upon the mouth of the wound, and pressing it sauftly without pain: or applying a ligature or rolling upon the member, of sauft linen, and making your first 4. or 5. boughtes. or turns, upon the very wound and vain that bleedeth: winding up the rest toward the root of the vein, if so be the wounded part be such as you may do it, and commonly you may do it in all except the membrans of the brain. or use stitching to it (the wound being first cleansed from clodded blood) drawing so the lips of the wound together into one, either with a common stitch, or else such one as coddars, or peltmongers use to make: especially if the blood flow with great force. but while the wound is so institching, care to take your stitches deep enough. ●nd after it is stitched, apply an astrictive powder upon it, & aloft on it the like powder mixed with the white of an egg, laid on upon s●uphes: so bind up the member, & place it conveniently. If the vessel that bleedeth, lie deep, it is good to cut it through, and then to apply some staunching powder and bind aloft spong, or stuphes wet with astringent medicines. If the vein or artery lie in sight, or may aptly so be come to, take it up and tie it fast with a silk thread. afterward apply to the wound some glutinative medicine, and roll up and place the member orderly. The last manual administration is, with a cauterizing iron, to make a crust, or escar: which specially serveth when the vessels are fret through, by putrefaction. Medicines now for the stopping of blood may in divers sorts be ordained, & some of them such as work their effect by a manifest quality, others by a secret or unknown property. Of manifest quality for that purpose, are these plasters & powders following: Rs. thuris, aloes, ana partes aequales, excipiantur albumine ovi & pilis leporinis, or, Rec. boli armeni, ℥ uj t●rr● sigillatae, ℥ two f●rinae volar. ℥ three Gypsi, calcis vivae, ana, ℥ four thuris, aloes, ana, ℥. j fia● pul●●s, qui albumine● ovi excipia●●r. Another: Rs. calcis vivae sang. draconis, Gypsi, aloes, thuris, vi●rioli, ana, parts aequales, cum oui albumine, & telis ●raneorum excipiantur. A powder for the purpose. Rec. boli armeni● sang. dr●conis, thuris, aloes, an●, par●es aequales, fiat 〈◊〉 Another: Rs. lapidis haem●●itis ℥. i thuris, masticis, boli ●rmeni, telae ●raneorum, gallarum viridium, ranarum exicca●arum, Gypsi, fuliginis, farinae volatilis, ana, ʒ. ij. vi●rioli combusti, calcis viu●, ●ragaganti, ana, ʒ. iij. rasurae tergoris arietis vel hyrci, char●ae papyraceae, pilorum leporis, & bombacis torrefactorum, ana, ʒ. j. stercoris asinini, ℥. ss. fiat pulvis tenuissimus, and keep it to your use. I said there be some things, that by a secret property do work this feat: so doth pulvis b●fonum, in fictili cooper●o combustorum, which being clossed in a little bag, must be applied to the vain that bleedeth, four fingers from the wound.  
The symptom of bleeding being stinted, the joining of the vein or artery must then be looked for, and procured by medicines consolidative, it being noted that the artery requireth so much the more drying medicines then the vein, as it is naturally of a drier temperature than the vein. Therefore a wound that lighteth on a vein, and that without loss of substance, desireth the same kind of cure, as that, that is in the flesh: but in case that a vessel be tied, or you have used staunching medicines, or cauterizing irons, so that there is loss of substance committed, then are you to use the same medicines, which hereafter are set down, in the cure of hollow ulcers.  

ANNOTATION.  
ᵃ See the note, upon the accident of bleeding in the first Chapter, here also obse●●e with me somewhat, concerning the opportunity, and the manner of staying the blood. For the opportunity, that you be not too hasty, if the blood be ●oule, or the vessels f●●t. For the manner that you wisely regard the incident occasions: as wrath, drunkenness, venery, etc. and in all kinds, to keep the part covered from the air.    

CHAP. XIII. Of wounds in the bones.  
A Wound of the bone, is a cut made in the same, 
Def.  by some sword, or other cutting or deep pricking thing.  
What gave the wound either pricking, 
Causes & signs.  or cuttingwise, may be understood of the patiented: and by sight, it will easily appear, whether the bone be through cut, or but in part. And so it falleth out sometime to have these accidents: to wit, flux of blood, vehement pain, convulsion & sounding●  
If great bones, 
Prog.  such as the arm bone (called humerus) or both the fociles in leg or arm be cut in sunder so as the marrow go forth, it is most dangerous, and for the most part that member perisheth● so if Erysipelas come in the bearing of a bone it is evil. children's bones divided, do join again by themselu●s. In the other ages, to wit, of the stripling, young man, perfect man, and old man, their bones being divided, are never after by themselves rightly ●● stored again, but by the help of another substance coming between as a certain glue.  
In this cure, 
Cure.  provide first for the taking away of symptoms, or accidents. If therefore there be any outward thing infixed, or pieces of bones, pluck them forth. Yet taking much heed, that you draw not out suddenly, or with great force, any part of the wounded bone: specially if it be great in quantity: for so doing the patient should hardly escape a fistula, convulsion, raving, or fever. It shall be better therefore, to defer their taking forth, till another time, and in mean while, to help nature with some drawing medicine: but if it might be done, without violence, it is better first, than later. The other accidents: as inflammation, fever, pain, if they be not come, prevent them, if they have already taken hold, remove them: either by emptying or rewlsive bloud●etting, by thinne● and cooling diet, by purging, according to the nature of the abounding humours, or mitigating medicines, etc. If need be. Having 〈◊〉 ●idde the wound of bones, & your way, of the thorns of encombring accidents, and provided a clear entrance to the cure, proceed on this wise. join again together the distant parts, and provide, that so they may continued. stitch the wound that is in the flesh, with deeper & stronger stitches then ordinary, afterward apply a tent in the most declined part, but being first armed cum melle rosato, 
a If this kind of wound be ordered with the like medicines, and manner of application, as is noted afore, in the chapter of a simple wound, there shall neither be need of stitching, nor yet of running to these particulars: as is the manner of the old writers: who certainly did it, for want of the universal balms, and medicines artificially contrived, for all parts. And in this note also I touch the most of the chapters going afore, as also wounds with gunneshot: which (the premises well weighed) need no particular tractation, save for their burning: which I shall be occasioned to speak of, in the book of ulcers.  myrrha & pulvere glutinatorio. Upon the wound, for the first days, apply ●ome glutinatory powder ●um albumine ovi, the days following, mixing that powder with terebentine, or some other glutinative medicine. Now if the bone look bore, minister upon lint some powder or unguent glutinatorie, together with plasters also or stuphes, or linen clotheses wet in warm wine. If the bone be cut through, then after the making of your stitching, apply the first days, ●ome glutinatory mixed with the whit of an egg, them the days following, clothes wet in warm wine rolling up the part, with a roll convenient for the member, so provided as the place of the wound may be left open, lest for every dressing you should be constrained to undo the roll again: apply also your splentes that the binding may be more sure: neither shall you at any time undo that rolling till the wound be through cured: unless some pain, itch or inflammation, growing in the part, compel you thereunto.  

ANNOTATION.  
ᵃ If this kind of wound be ordered with the like medicines, and manner of application, as is noted afore, in the chapter of a simple wound, there shall neither be need of stitching, nor yet of running to these particulars: as is the manner of the old writers: who certainly did it, for want of the universal balms, and medicines artificially contrived, for all parts. And in this note also I touch the most of the chapters going afore, as also wounds with gunneshot: which (the premises well weighed) need no particular tractation, save for their burning: which I shall be occasioned to speak of, in the book of ulcers.    

CHAP. XIIII. Of wounds of the head and Contusion.  
WHether the hurt be committed by a cutting, 
Causes & signs.  pricking or brusing● thing, may be easily understood of the patiented, or those about him. And whether it be a wound, or contusion, the matter likewise is manifest. Whether the skull be broken, it is thus to be conjectured: to wit, if the fall was from high, the contusion great, pain, thinness in the skin perceived by touching, separation of the skin from the bone, and moisture bubbling up through the cleft at the parties stopping his breath. Also an apoplexy, giddiness, speachlesnesse, the head yielding an unclear sound being stricken on with a wand, & the teeth gnashing at the striking of a thread holden between them: these (I say) are signs that the skull is broken. So these signify that pia matter is hurt, to wit, pain giddiness, redness of the face & eyes, dimness & strutting out of the eyes, the face full of bushes, bleeding at nose, ears and palate, difficult speech, a fever, casting down of the strength, astoniednesse of the senses, watching, loss of appetite, with loathing, vomiting, etc. Signs of the brain hurt, are, thick, round clodded & marrow like matter, depravation of reason (if the wound be in the fore parts) and hurt of the memory (if it be in the hinder part) also astonishment and dotage.  
A fracture in the skull is perilous. 
Prog.  incision of pia matter and of the brain is death. so is the corrupting of pia matter deadly. A sharp fever, a cramp, trembling, alienation of the mind, sounding, abridging of speech, redness and dim sight, all these be fearful signs, and mortal, specially if they continued, and do not s●acke. Also Dura matter becoming black, so as it will not be put away by the application of mel betokeneth death. So doth a great swelling, specially if it vanish suddenly with out reasonable cause, signify evil. Contrariwise, the swelling little and the matter well digested, is a good sign. so is redness of the flesh in the consolidation or time of souldring of the skull. In the fracture of the skull, the term of the cure is to a hundred days, or 46. according to others. A fracture of the skull is to be feared in the full moon.  
The he●d being shaved, 
Cure.  provide for the removing of accidents: or preventing them, if they be not yet come. As namely inflammation, which you may do away, or prohibit, partly by bloudletting on the Cephalica vein, so that strength, age & other considerations forbidden not: partly by diet, & partly also by losing medicines. for diet: Let the air be temperate, or a little warm, the belly lose every day, either naturally, or by means of suppositories, or sauftning clysters. Appoint also rest, and let the body lie on that side that is less grieved, till there be perfect matter engendered: after that, on the ꝑt affected (that so the matter may easily flow forth) unless pain forbidden the same. Be spare in diet, till the danger of inflammation, & all other accidents be past, the drink let be 
* * Small ale o●●.  sodden but all these hurt, to wit, cold air, moving costiveness, large diet, meat that sendeth vapours to the head, wine, etc. And as for the losing medicines, see they be of the gentler sort, and of property according to the dominion of humours in that body. If blood flow, let it be staid, and so of other accidents as ●ath now often been said. Then if the wound be a simple one in the flesh, without the loss of substance, unite the same either with ligatures, or stitching as is aforesaid. If there be loss of substance, renew flesh, and after induce a cicatrize, as hath been said in his place. If the wound be feared to be in the skull, and yet no certainty thereof, search with your finger or some apt instrument. If you remain yet doubtful, and the wound is not sufficiently open, make incision in this form X. and lay open the skull in that part, applying stuphes wet in vinegar, to avoid flux of bloud● the skull thus uncovered: if the crack appear, but yet uncertain, whether it go through, or no apply on the place the powder of mastic mixed with the white of an egge● and mark well the same plaster, the next dressing, when you take it of, whether it be more notoriously dry in some one place, for if it be, in the same place it betokeneth penetration of the skull thereby. Now if there be a breach in the skull, certain and manifest, and yet small, so as there is not easy issue for the matter, open the skull: especially if there be fragments of the bone underneath, hurting the membran. The skin you shall divide in form aforesaid, or thus X, and the bone so uncovered, dress it up for that day, with lint, or clotheses wet in ovi candido, the next day, opening the skull with a trepan, in which operation, consider, diligently, whether the party be of strength to bear it: use prudent forespeach of the likely danger. shun (in that action) the full of the moon. 
Observations.  Beware the commissures as much as you may. Open the skull in the most bending or declined place, if it m●ye be. If the fracture be great, cut it not all out: but it is enough if there be sufficient vent for the matter, and way to take out the pieces of bones. All things that may do hurt to the membran, take out with as much speed as may be. If there be any roughness in the bone, rebate it with a lenticuler. Defer not this work till the 3. or 4. day, but perform it before either fever, or other symptom catch you. For the rest afterwards, proceed as in the cure of a great wound in the skull: which thus must be handled. A great wound having way wide enough for the putting out of matter, needeth no enlarging by trepan nor Saw, but is to be mundified, & after consolidated. Yet first must the fragments of bones, if there be any hurting the membran, be speedily removed: as also the roughness (if there be any) rebated. Which things orderly done, first then 
a I wish not the reader, for all these, to departed from his balms & plasters before commended unto him. unto which, I will here add another plaster of Paracelsus, contriving, for whatsoever wound in the head, principally commended: Rec. cerae lythargyrij, ana, li j calaminaris, colophoniae, ana, ℥. ij.ss. ol. communis, li. j.ss. liquescant igne levi, cera, colophonia & oleum simul, postea lithargyrium & calaminaris contusa, tritaque subtiliter sensim inijciantur, ac decoquantur ad iustam spissitudinem, haec gummi postea imponantur, scilicet, opoponacis, serapini, bdellij, ammoniaci, galbani, ana, ℥. j.ss. praeparatorum tamen: & ex aceto prius coctorum. post quam aliis admixta fuerint, addantur isti pulueres: Rec. corallorum alborum & rub. mumiae, myrrhae, thuris, an. ℥ i antimonij. ℥. ss. croci martis, ʒij. his alijs permistis, partem adijce larignae masticis (I suppose he meaneth terebentine, as ordinarily he adeth a little thereof in the end of all his plasters) & so power it forth, & work it up in your hand●, cum ol. hepericonis, & lumbricino, & additione camphorae, ad. ℥ ss.  mundify the wound cum melle ●osa●o, mixed cum aqua vitae, & terebynthina: or else with ol. terebynthinae, mixed cum pulvere sarcocollae, & granorum tinctorum. Else thus you may make you● abstersive linement: Rec. mellis ros. ℥ two farinae hordei ℥. i sarcocollae, ʒ. ij. vi●ellorum ovorum, ol. ros. ana, q.s. fiat linimentum. Apply your medicines in this order: first convey between the skull & the ●ard membran a piece of read silk dipped in melrosarum well warmed: after that lay in lint wet also with mel, & upon the other parts of the wound some digestive, as ex vitello ovi, & ol. rosaceo, or such other. if any piece of bone stick so as cannot easily be plucked out, anoint it with ol. rosac. that it may easilier loosen. When the wound is in the upper part or top of the head, there is no need of stitching● but in the sides stitching is profitable. Many have accustomed to lay of a rams skin aloft, & to charge the head with many happings but that liketh not Hypocrates: for it becometh but burdensome to the head, increasing heat, and prohibiting transpiration, or through-breathing. So much shall therefore be enough to cover the head, as that the brain may not be affected by the coldness of the air. two or three days being now spent in this order, pass on from the use of the aforesaid medicines to this unguent or powder following, serving to dry, incarn, and consolidate.  
Rec. unguenti regis, ℥ three mellis ros. ℥ j terebynthinae lotae, ℥. ss. pull. myrrhae, pul. corticum thuris, pul. sarcocollae, pul. ireos, ana, ʒ. ss. ol. hyperici parum, fiat unguen tum, which apply upon your plageats, still putting between the skull and hard membran, your read silk, wet in mel. ros. When the membran is covered, you may use this powder following: Rec. rad. artstolochiae, iridis florent. corticis thuris, sarcocollae, sang. draconis, ana, ʒj. nucis cupressi, myrtillorum, ana, ʒ. ss. centaureae min. ℈. i corallij, ℈ two farinae orobi, ʒ. j. fiat pulvis tenuissimus: apply it with lint, and lay aloft emplastrum de betonica, or, decapri●olio. If at any time the hard membran swell, so, as it bear out at the hole of the trepan: then fitly & profitably shall you minister ol. de vitellis ovorum, and a cloth or sponge soaked in decoctione rosarum, chamomillae & meliloti, but if flesh grow too rankly upon the hard membran, put on it alumen coctum, or, pul. mercurij, or hermodactylorum, or, unguentum apostolorum.  
If the hurt in the head be a contusion, and but a small one, without breach of the skull, it is remedied with medicines that discuss, wipe, etc. as oleum rosaceum anointed on the head after it is shaven, and sprinkled on cum pulvere myrthi: the day following applying this plaster: Rec. pulu. myrthi, ℥. i nucum cupressi, rosarum sumac. balaustiarum, ana, ʒ. ij. ●l. rosat. vel chamomelini. q.s. fiat Emplastrum, which plaster is also profitable if there be a small fracture in the skull, or in case we suspect the same: in which it is sufficient to resolve and discuss. & if towards the end of your work, you shall add unto it squinanthum, absynthium, fabarum & lentium farinam. you shall make it so, an excellent medicine, to disperse, wipe and strengthen. Now if the contusion be great, and with a manifest fracture, deal then as aforesaid. If the fracture be uncertain, you shall sound it out with this plaster: Rec. cerae, thuris, ladani, ana, ℥ two terebynthinae, ℥. i farinae fabarum, aceti, ana, ℥ j fiat Emplastrum: this plaster shall you apply all over the head shaven, and where the fracture is, there shall you find the plaster notoriously dry at taking of. If the contusion have only made depression in the skull, as it often cometh to pass in children, then must you labour with drawing medicines to heave, lift up & reduce the same: for which purpose, you have here choice of divers plasters set down: Rec. propoleos (vel cerae novae s●rdidae) ℥ three mellis, ℥ three lapidis magnetis, ℥, ss. lapidis pumicis, ʒiij. abs●n●hij, cumini, sulphuris, ana, ʒ. ij. salis, ℥. i furfuris, P.j. vini oped. ℥ four misce fiat empl. & apply it warm to the head being shaven. Another: Recipe mellis. li.ss. fermenti, li●j. surfuris, ʒ. ij. salis, ℥. ss. cumini, absynthij, ana, ℥ ●iiij. make thereof a plaster to be worn for xv. days. Another: Rec. centaureae in vino albo per noctem infusae, m.vi coquantur ad medias, & post c●laturā coque iterum ad mellis crassitien: de hoc accipe ℥ iij lactis mulieris, ℥ two terebynthinae, li j masticin, ℥. i resinae, ℥. ss. thuris, gummi arabici, ana, ℥. i cerae novae, ℥ iij fiat empl. Another: Rec. terebynthinae, part. ij. cerae, part. j. liquefiant: postea diligenter. cum ace●o agitentur. The next day take succi betonicae, part. ij. verbenae, part. j. lactis mulieris, q.s. misce. and apply it.  

ANNOTATIONS.  
ᵃ I wish not the reader, for all these, to departed from his balms & plasters before commended unto him. unto which, I will here add another plaster of Paracelsus, contriving, for whatsoever wound in the head, principally commended: Rec. cerae lythargyrij, ana, li j calaminaris, colophoniae, ana, ℥. ij.ss. ol. communis, li. j.ss. liquescant igne levi, cera, colophonia & oleum simul, postea lithargyrium & calaminaris contusa, tritaque subtiliter sensim inijciantur, ac decoquantur ad iustam spissitudinem, haec gummi postea imponantur, scilicet, opoponacis, serapini, bdellij, ammoniaci, galbani, ana, ℥. j.ss. praeparatorum tamen: & ex aceto prius coctorum. post quam aliis admixta fuerint, addantur isti pulueres: Rec. corallorum alborum & rub. mumiae, myrrhae, thuris, an. ℥ i antimonij. ℥. ss. croci martis, ʒij. his alijs permistis, partem adijce larignae masticis (I suppose he meaneth terebentine, as ordinarily he adeth a little thereof in the end of all his plasters) & so power it forth, & work it up in your hand●, cum ol. hepericonis, & lumbricino, & additione camphorae, ad. ℥ ss.    

CHAP. XV. Of wounds in the face.  
THE cure of wounds in the face is to be performed according to two general indications thereto belonging, to wit, the symptoms, & the wound itself. The symptoms considered, as they are, either imminent, or present: if they be but imminent, and in danger to come, prevent them (as an inflammation) by blood letting, such as doth either draw to the contrary part, or derive or empty the humours, if nothing let: else by cupping with scarification upon the vertebres of the neck. Also by diet, fit and convenient: as spare quantity, taking rest, keeping the body solluble, drinking sodden water, etc. avoiding cold air, overmuch moving, plenteous meat, drinking of pure wine, binding of the belly, etc. The body also would be lightly purged with such medicines as be answerable to the nature of the abounding humours. If the accidents have now found place already, displace them: as, pain, by mitigating, bloody flux by staying: inflammation by putting it away, as is often taught afore, etc.  
The second general indication is the wound itself, which requireth to be united: but in this doings there is special care to be had● to preserve the form and beauty of the face Therefore shall the stitches be taken thicker, and nearer to the ●ide, for so it shall more firmly join together: or let it be done by a dry stitch, as they call it. Sometime also when the first stitching proves not fast enough, nor reteynes the lips sufficient close together, but becometh slack, than the later kind of stitching is to be added to it. In places ordained to move, the stitching may be made by needles pricked through the lips of the wounds, and left remaining with their thread won about both ends. No tent in this case is to be used, except the wound be very deep, or that there be loss of substance. as for medicines the same shall serve in this case as in other wounds. Some apply on the stitching, medicines made ex duabus partibus, aquae vitae & una ●●rebyn●hinae. Others apply unguentum de mi●●●, it shallbe profitable always to the wounds, both of the face, and other parts, to minister some 
a By this glutinatorie water, I suppose● h● meaneth the Epitheme, set down in th● Chapter of a simple wound, as may be well gathered by the Chapter of wounds in the lips, where again, appointing this glutinatorie water, he referreth you to the Chapter of a simple wund for the finding of i●. & there it must needs be the Epitheme.  glutinatori● water, or other balm of like forcible drying, property, etc.  

ANNOTATION.  
ᵃ By this glutinatorie water, I suppose● h● meaneth the Epitheme, set down in th● Chapter of a simple wound, as may be well gathered by the Chapter of wounds in the lips, where again, appointing this glutinatorie water, he referreth you to the Chapter of a simple wund for the finding of i●. & there it must needs be the Epitheme.    

CHAP. XVI. Of wounds in the eyes.  

Prog.  Wounds of the eyes are perilous, both for the sight itself, & for the nearness of the brain. But if upon the hurt the humour flow forth, then followeth destruction and loss of the eye.  
To prevent inflammation (& so other accidents) which in this case, 
Cure.  by reason of the sharp pain, are like to grow, use revulsion by blood letting, (if nothing let) or cuppings applied to the neck. Also a thin diet, & purging medicines (if nothing hinder) according to the nature of the abounding humours. To the forehead & temples, lay some repellent medicine, as albumen oui diu●issime cum aqua rosarum agitatum. Or, collirium album, sine opio, cum oui candido & aqua rosarum mixtum. If there be pain present, endeavour to mitigate it with applying lac cum collyrio albo, & mucilag. sem. cydoniorum extracta in aqu● rosarum. If there be cluttered blood in the eye through the stroke & con●usion, dissolve the same cum lact m● liebre mixed with albumine ovi: or, sanguine columbi ex ala de●racto, dropped in warm, after the 2. or 3. day. Either else, medulla 
a Or medulla panis a furno calida, in vino albo infusa & saepe applica●a. Likewise for strokes in the eyes, contu●de folia agrimoniae, & cum albo oui contere, and apply it.  panis torrefacta, & vino rubro infecta. And thus much for the accidents: Now the wound itself requireth to be united, cleansed & consolidated by convenient lineament or colliery: such as are these set down for your purpose. your linement let consist ex melle virgineo, saccharo cando, th●tia praeparata, & aloe, mixed together: or thus, Rec. myrrhae, sarcocollae nutritae in lact, ana, ℈. ss. thutiae praeparat●, ℈ j mellis parum, fiat linimentum. & if the patiented complain of the sharpness of it, mix with it aliquid albur●inis ovi, & aquae rosarum. Your colliery make thus: Rec. aqu●●●●●sarum, ℥ two syr. rosati solutivi, ʒ. iij. fiat Collyrrium.  

ANNOTATION.  
ᵃ Or medulla panis a furno calida, in vino albo infusa & saepe applica●a. Likewise for strokes in the eyes, contu●de folia agrimoniae, & cum albo oui contere, and apply it.    

CHAP. XVII. Of wounds in the eye lids.  
LEt the eye lids being incised with their borders be stitched, and that with a deep and firm stitch, that may be able to hold the parts long time together jest their joining together through often moving, might be hindered. As for performance of the rest of the cure, observe to do accordingly as in the cure of other wounds.   

CHAP. XVIII. Of wounds in the nose.  
IF the nose be wholly cut of, 
Prog.  it cannot be joined together any more: for unition in the organical parts, is not possible. And if it be not wholly cut of, it may be cured by stitching. In curing, 
Cure.  first set an order for the accidents after the same rate as is before spoken of in wounds of the eyes. The second care is to look to the uniting of the wound, by convenient stitching with a crooked needle, if it cannot be done with a strait: but see that the stitching be deep enough. And before you take any stitch: first see, by conveying your fingers into the nostrils, to place the sides together in due order: afterward make a pipe of a goose quill, & arm it with safety linen clotheses, convaiing it so to lie within the nostrils, that there may be thereby free passage for the breath. Of ligatures & rolling Hippochrates sayeth: they that are too curious in rolling, as they are without reason, hurtful to many other places, so especially to the nose. He saith furthermore, if that the inner part of the nose be broken, it must be again restored, by putting in your forefinger, or the patients, or a child's ●inger (for soft hands in this case, are necessary) and so place each part in order again. But if neither the forefinger, nor lest finger can be put in, then do it with your probe: providing that this be done quickly, the first day: or soon after: for that these bones, both admit there callous glewinge, and are hardened also, by the 11. day, unless they fall to be corrupted. And as within, so without like wise, the Artists hand must be working, to restore the severed parts to their natural placing again. It is manifest therefore, that to the nose, cannot a fit binding be applied: but after stitching, some glutinatorie water or other of that kind, or albumen ovi, with a 
a Because many delight in powders, in these & other wounds of the face, for their speedy request of healing, I will here out of Paracelsus set down one of choice account: Rec. boli arm. veri, ℥ three dissoluatur in aqua aluminis. q.ss. destilletur, dein alia superfundatur aqua ac denuo elambicetur, itereturque toties, donec bolus in oleum degeneret, qui ad solem dein exiceatus, ac in pull. redactus, misc●atur cum thuris, ℥ ●j. coralli rub. ʒiiij. mumiae ʒ. ij. fiatque pul. sprinkle this into the wound twice a day, and lay aloft Emplastr. Sticticum.  glutinatorie powder, as is said in the simple wound, is to be applied: so also bolsters outwardly, but inwardly tents.  

ANNOTATION.  
ᵃ Because many delight in powders, in these & other wounds of the face, for their speedy request of healing, I will here out of Paracelsus set down one of choice account: Rec. boli arm. veri, ℥ three dissoluatur in aqua aluminis. q.ss. destilletur, dein alia superfundatur aqua ac denuo elambicetur, itereturque toties, donec bolus in oleum degeneret, qui ad solem dein exiceatus, ac in pull. redactus, misc●atur cum thuris, ℥ ●j. coralli rub. ʒiiij. mumiae ʒ. ij. fiatque pul. sprinkle this into the wound twice a day, and lay aloft Emplastr. Sticticum.    

CHAP. XIX. Of wounds in the lips.  
Wounds in the lips require a decent stitching, & the application of those things that join & glutinated as also diligent drying & astringentnes, in regard of the plenty of spittle, always moistening the place. Very profitable shall it therefore be, ever to foment the place with the glutinatorie water spoken of in the simple wound. Neither do these wounds admit any ligature, otherwise then to the holding on of the medicines that are applied. The lips of the wound in this case, are curiously & in equal order, to be matched, & joined together, for the preservation of comely form, which here is diligently to be looked unto.   

CHAP. XX. Of wounds in the ears.  
STitching is likewise required in wounds of the ears, & medicines both mightily drying, astringent and glutinative, because the part is dry. Rolling (saith Hippochr.) of what sort soever, is an enemy to the ears. For as much as if it be rolled, it is to no purpose to be slack: and if it be not slack, it hurteth very much: for all the ear will ache, beat, and inflame, if it be but bound only. And it is sometime, the best cure, to apply no 
a Here is meant over curious applications of bindings, according to the saying of Hyppochrates, cited also by the author, in the Chapter of wounds in the nose.  cure, not only to the ear, but to many other places else.  

ANNOTATION.  
ᵃ Here is meant over curious applications of bindings, according to the saying of Hyppochrates, cited also by the author, in the Chapter of wounds in the nose.    

CHAP. XXI. Of wounds in the neck.  
FOR the knowledge of the wound, what parts are hurt by the wound, and what was the cause of the wound, to wit, whether a thing cutting or pricking, partly by your own sight & senses: partly by conference with the patiented, or others, you are to receive instruction.  
If a nerve in the neck be cut, there followeth some maim. 
Prog.  A wound piercing to the back marrow, is mortal & incurable. And if it come not at the marrow, though it then be curable, yet is there a fear of the loss of sense and moving of those parts, which these wounded nerves, taking their original from that hurt part of the back, do serve. A wound that toucheth the recurrent nerves, causeth hoarcenes. A wound in the great veins & arteries is perilous. A wound in the gullet, or in the weasand, is perilous.  
For the preventing of inflammations & such other accidents, 
Cure.  appoint in the beginning a slender diet, open a vein on the contrary part: use purgation, according to the nature of the abounding humors● & repellents, or defensive medicines, to the parts about the wound. With the wound itself deal thus: if it be only in a fleshy or musculous substance, then stitching only is required with glutinative medicine. If it be in the veins or arteries, stay the flux of blood, either with medicines, or by application of the finger to the orifice of the vein, or artery: as it happened to a certain man, wounded in his outer i●gular vein, who by the diligence of his friends, attending one after another, to hold their finger on the wound for three dayes● escaped safe. Or if it may be, stitch the vessel. If you intent to do it by application of the finger, be sure so long to hold it, till the blood in the place be cluttered. Rolling is not convenient in this place: for that the neck through the great vessels in it, & passage of the vital & animal spirites● may endure no binding or straightening. If the wound be in the gullet or weasand, use then also stitching & glutinatives: holding beside in the mouth diasymphyton, diatragaganthun, diapapaue●is, etc. If the wound have touched the sinews, after a thin diet set, & using of rewlsions, purging medicines, & repellentes: for the avoiding of inflammation, foment the wound with ol. rosac. calenti, & use a mitigative ex oui vitello & ol. rosac. till the party be set free from pain & inflammation. Afterwards, when there is perfect matter, apply this mundificative Rec. mell●s ros●●, ℥ four farinae hordei, ℥ ●ss. terebynthinae, ʒ. iij. resinae, ʒ. ij. thuris, masticis, ana, ʒ. j. myrrhae, sarcocollae, ana, ʒ. ss. cerae ʒ. ij.ol. mastichini, & hyperici, ana, ℥. iij● mix them, & make thereof a cleansing unguent, etc. Now for the accidents: if there grow any pain, mitigate it cum oui vitello, & rosaceo. If there come a convulsion, 
For accidents.  anoint the hinder part of the head & vertebres of the neck, cum ol. Chamomelino, anethino, lumbricorum, de terebynthina, pinguedine gallinae, & terebynthina. For it is found out by sure experience, for the most part, that both terebynthina itself, and his oil also, aswell in these wounds, as in those of the arms, do assuage pain, and hinder convulsion.   

CHAP. XXII. Of wounds in the shoulders.  

Prog.  Wounds in the shoulders, are suspicious, in respect of the nerves, for the perishing of sense & moving. 
Cure.  At the first setting to of the cure, provide for the forestall of accidents by these means: open a vain on the contrary part, if nothing ●et● or use cupping with scarifying. Also frication and ligatures on the contrary part. Appoint a slender diet: keep the belly lose, avoid all moving of that arm, keep the mind in quiet, etc. Further also, use purging, according to the nature of the abounding humour: and repellent medicines to the parts about the wound. Now for the wound itself, after removing outward things if any be, come next to join it again by stitching and glutinative medicines: taking the stitches deep, and ●owing fast, jest through the weight of the arme● they become loosed, and so the joining of the wound thereby be hindered. Beware yet, jest any nerve in stitching be pricked: foment it with the glutinatorie water set down in the simple wound. Apply aloft the stitching, albumen ovi, cum pulvere restrictorio. Wet stuphes in ovi candido, & ●leo rosa●o, and lay them aloft. If you think it also necessary, you may use a tent, with digestive, in the most declined or bending part of the wound: and convenient firm rolling. After the third or fourth day from the first dressing, arm your tent with terebynthina, myrrha, & sarcocolla. Accidents (if here fall out any) must be handled as hath been taught before.   

CHAP. XXIII. Of wounds in the arms.  
Wounds in the bought of the cubit are perilous, 
Prog.  because of the great veins. Wounds of the cubit are suspicious for cramps, inflammation etc. To prohibit pain and inflammation, 
Cure.  let blood on the contrary part, or use opposite cuppings, ligatures & frecations. Provide the air temperate, set a moderate exercise upon the lower parts: all rest to that arm: give slender diet, with meats of good juice, and easy concoction. Keep the belly solluble etc. Purge after the nature of the humours, and lay above the wound repellent medicines of cold juices. To the wound itself, if it run but along the muscle, convenient binding sufficeth: but if it go overthwart, make stitching deep & firm, leaving a tent in the lower part: and apply some astringent & glutinatorie powder, mixed with the white of an egg. After the fourth day, do upon your tent some cleansing medicine. For accidents, I refer you to that is said otherwhere.   

CHAP. XXIIII. Of wounds in the breast.  

Causes & ●ignes.  WHether the cause of the wound were some cutting matter, as a sword, or else pricking● as arrows, darts etc. by conference with the party you shall understand. But what parts be affected by the wound, you shall thus conjecture. If the breast be pierced, wind puffeth out by the wound, especially if the patiented close his mouth & nostrils, which shall easilier be showed, byholding before the wound either a candle burning, or combed will. If the heart be hurt, there floweth black blood, with cold of the extreme parts of the body, cold sweeting, sounding, & the wound in the left side, etc. The lungs being wounded, the blood is reddish and frothy, his face pale & wan. Upon the hurt of the midreife ensueth great & difficult breathing, coughing with rattling and pain, alienation of mind● blackish spittle, thirst, loathing of meat, rigour, & the wound situate about the false ribs.  
Wounds of the heart, 
a Wounds in the lungs are very of●ten cured.  lungs, 
Prog.  & diaphragma are mortal. Wounds that pierce the breast from the back ward, are more dangerous than those on the forepart, by reason of the veins, arteries, nerves, gullet, rough artery, and ligamentes of the heart. Those that pierce not into the cavity of the breast, are without danger.  
First, to forestall the impendent accidents, 
Cure.  endeavour by blood letting on the contrary side, cuppings, frication & ligatures, or binding of the extreme parts. Cease the party from moving See that the belly answer his turn, & for meat give almond, barley, or reason broths, & such nourishments. Let his whole diet be cold & dry, slender, & not astringent in the beginning, for causing straightness of breath. His drink sodden water. Convenient purging likewise is to be provided according to the nature of the humours: as cassia, mumia, Diacatho●●●●n, or, syr. ros. lax. taken by the mouth. or otherwise sauftening clysters ministered beneath. By these means (if a fever do come) you shall put it soon to flight. If pain get foo●ing, use an epitheme ex decocto chamo. meliloti, anethi. sem. lini, faenug. rosarum, so that there be no fever. Or this ung Rec. ung r●sumptiui, ℥ three ung. deal●heae, ℥ two pingued. anseris, ping gallinae, anatis ana, ℥. ss. butyri rec●ntis, ol. amigdal. ana, ℥ j ss. c●oci parum, cerae, q.s. fiat linimen●●m● which may be used if there be a fever. If a cough molest, with straitened of breath use this decoction Recipe hordei mundi, P.j. Glycyrrhizae, ℥. i 4. sem. frig. ma. ana, ℥. ss. iviubarum, passularum, ana, par. x. penidiarum, ℥ two zacchari albiss. ℥ three boil them diligently in aqua hordei, and give of that decoction often: at lest evening and morning. If there be cluttered blood in the breast, you shall dissolve it, by giving rhabarbari, ʒ. j. mumiae, ℈. i cum aequa plantaginis. Now, to come to the wound itself: i● it be such as pierceth into the breast, and yet hurteth no inward part, nor rib in his entrance, neither yet is joined with flux of blood inwardly: in this case put into the wound a 
b Arcaeus counseleth, that your tent be of that kind, that is called flammula (which is a long piece of fine cloth, conveyed into the wound endways) for that round tents (in this case) dispose● the wound● to a fistula.  tent, bu● tied by a thread, (lest it fall in) or without a thread, so it be we● in ovi albumine, or rolled in some glutinatorie powder, laying aloft stuphes, wet in the like: and arming the tent, the days following with a 
c Or in steed of these, some vulnerary oil and plaster, as hath been showed before: and had need be noted in every chapter: that it must needs appear an unworthy dealing, that is ordinarily committed by writers, in running (ever anon) to these particulars, as though the balms and oils set down in their gen●rall tractation of wounds, must not be brought in use in particular members, and parts. Now I request the Reader to ease me of this labour in other places.  digestive, ex terebynthina, & oleo r●sato. afterward when well concocted matter appeareth, use this lineament to mundify withal Rec. mellis rosati, ℥ ij. terebynthinae● ℥ three succi apij, succi plantaginis, ana, ℥ j coquantur modice, poste● add vi●ellos, numero ij. farinae hordei, farinae faenugreci, ana, q.s. fiat linimentum, or this: Rec. mellis, ℥. i myrrhae, thurius sarcocollae, ana, ℥. ss. farinae hordei, farinae faenugreci, ana, q.s. fiat linimentum. Apply outwardly, Emplastrum Diachalcitidis. But if there be flux of blood inwardly, and without fracture of any rib, keep open the orifice, yea enlarge the same (if it be not wide enough) for the utterance of the blood and conveyance in of injections: which things provided for, iniect by syringe warm wine, meli●ra●um, or such a mundificative: Rec. hordei mundi, lentium, ana, P.ij. caudae ●quinae, m.j. ros. rub. p.ss. boil them in equal parts of common, and plantain water, cum modico mali pu●i●i succo, to the third part, putting to, when it is strained, zaccha●i, ℥ two syr. ex infusione ros. ℥ three croci, ℈ j another: Rs. gentianae, ℥. ss. lupin. lentium, ana, ʒ. ij. plantag. agrimoniae, ana, m.ss. thuris, myrrhae ana, ʒ. ss. m●i. ros. parum, boil them in wine & make thereof your iniection. When the wound is cleansed, use then astringent medicines, as balaustia, myr●hus, acatia, hypocistis, mala cydonea, myrabolana, aqua rosarum, plantaginis, succus mali punici etc. Astringent 
d As this vulnerary decoction of Schylander, appropriate to wounds of the breast: Rec. consolidae maioris, & mediae, saniculae, betonicae, ana, m●j ophioglossi, agrimoniae, ana, m.ss. ●habarbari, ℥. ss. mumiae sincerae, ʒ. ij. spermatis ceti, ʒ. j. decoquantur in vino, in vase duplici bene obturato. hereof give the patiented morning and evening ℥. j ss. This doth not only consolidate, but dissolve cluttered blood likewise. Else this of josephus Quercetanus: Rs. succi verbenae, betonicae, veronicae, ana, ℥ two aquae cinnamomi, li. j macerentur, and give a spoonful at a time.  medicines are ●hen also to be taken by the mouth, if there be no cough, as before is monished. And if by these means, the blood, or matter fallen upon diaphragma, cannot be got out, a new incision is then to be made, between the fourth and fifth rib, not far from the ridge bone, & done along the ribs. If the patiented be strong, let the incision pierce into the cavity, but if he be weak, then is the incision either not to be made at all, or else not to pass the succingent membran. If there be fracture of a rib, apply to it Emplastrum oxycroc●um, so notwithstanding, as that the place of the wound may remain open, for the issue of the matter: and whilst you dress the wound, lay your finger on the fracture, that the rib go not forth of his place: and so appoint the patiented to cough● for the helping out of the matter. Now if it be no wound piercing into the capacity, but only outward, and yet large, and wide gaping, use stitching thereto, and cure it with mundifying and glutinative medicines.  

ANNOTATIONS.  
ᵃ Wounds in the lungs are very of●ten cured.  
ᵇ Arcaeus counseleth, that your tent be of that kind, that is called flammula (which is a long piece of fine cloth, conveyed into the wound endways) for that round tents (in this case) dispose● the wound● to a fistula.  
ᶜ Or in steed of these, some vulnerary oil and plaster, as hath been showed before: and had need be noted in every chapter: that it must needs appear an unworthy dealing, that is ordinarily committed by writers, in running (ever anon) to these particulars, as though the balms and oils set down in their gen●rall tractation of wounds, must not be brought in use in particular members, and parts. Now I request the Reader to ease me of this labour in other places.  
ᵈ As this vulnerary decoction of Schylander, appropriate to wounds of the breast: Rec. consolidae maioris, & mediae, saniculae, betonicae, ana, m●j ophioglossi, agrimoniae, ana, m.ss. ●habarbari, ℥. ss. mumiae sincerae, ʒ. ij. spermatis ceti, ʒ. j. decoquantur in vino, in vase duplici bene obturato. hereof give the patiented morning and evening ℥. j ss. This doth not only consolidate, but dissolve cluttered blood likewise. Else this of josephus Quercetanus: Rs. succi verbenae, betonicae, veronicae, ana, ℥ two aquae cinnamomi, li. j macerentur, and give a spoonful at a time.    

CHAP. XXV. Of wounds in the belly.  
WITH what weapon this wound was inflicted, 
Causes & signs.  you may learn of the patiented or others. What part is thereby affected, you shall know by these notes: if the belly be pharsed through, with your probe searching, you shall perceive it, or by falling out of the guts, kell, or such other. If the kell be hurt, it yieldeth way through his substance and is full of blood. Also it is black in colour or swartish. If the small guts be hurt, there is utterance of the extrementes, and the wound is above the navel. If the great guts, the wound is beneath the navel, with utterance of excrements. If the stomach be hurt, Chylus goeth forth, and the wound is in the fore part. If the liver: flux of blood, the wound being on the right side. If the spleen: issue of feculent matter, and the wound on the left side. If the kidneys: effusion of waterish blood, the wound being in the region of the kidneis● If the bleddar be pierced, there is issue of urine that way, and the wound is about pecten. If the matrice be hurt, there is flux of blood, and the wound is under the navel.  
The great guts are easier healed, the smaller sort more hardly, 
Prog.  and the hungry gut is not curable. The stomach, liver, etc. are scarce to be cured. Unless there be speed used in the putting in of the entrails, they become inflate with wind, through coldness of the air, and so are hard to be reduced. So also, unless the kell be speedily prevented, for issuing out, it is very soon altered and corrupted. Wounds & stitching about the midst of the belly are more difficult and dangerous than those about the sides.  
The impendent accidents● as inflammation and pain, 
Cure●  must be prevented by blood letting rewlsive. opposite cuppinges, frications and ligatures. As also by thin and slender diet. If pain do come, it is to be mitigated as in other places is said. Also for a tumour, or bubo, here happening, you are to find address in his proper place. If there be torments in the guts through their wounding, foment the belly with wine, wherein hath boiled semen anisi, & faeniculi, with other things that discuss windiness, and chamomilla, and melilo●um, with other mitigatives. Now if the wound pierce the kell, it must be united and restored to his place. If it hang out of the wound, tie it with a thread, and so cut off that which hangeth out, and after cauterize it even to the ligature, and then put it in: but so as the thread may yet hang forth at the wound: which, at the fall of the escar, may afterward be pulled forth therewith. Some use no cautery, because that which corrupteth, will in process of time come fitly away with the thread. The kell being restored to his place, the outer lips of the wound are to be united and stitched, so as the stitch on one side be higher, on the other side lower. 
a The manner of this stitch (in few words here passed over) I will plainelyer deliver out of approved practices. Take your first stitch through mirach and peritonaeum, on the other side pierce mirach only, so make your knot. The second stitch begin on the same side, but through mirach only: and over against it, pierce both mirach and peritonaeum and knit the ends together. Your third stitch (if you need more) make like the first, and your fourth like the second, etc. t●ll you have sufficient for your purpose.  If a gut be penetrated and also hang out, first wash it with wine, wherein absynthium, chamomilla, melilotum, anethum, and rosae are boiled. so after stitch it with a skinner's seam, letting both the threads hung out at the wound, that when that breach is healed they may be taken away. The gut so stitched, sprinkle it with mastic, or other astringent and glutinatorie powder. Sometime the gut is not hurt, but hangeth out, and straightway swelleth, with wind growing in it, so as it cannot be put again into the belly: then shall you first foment the same with wine, where in hath sodden anisum, saeniculum, cuminum, cum melle. else divide a whelp, dove, or hen in the midst, and sprinkle it with some powder dissolving wind, and so apply it to the swelled gut. Bu● if the windiness cannot so be discussed, nor the gut restored to his place, the wound than is to be enlarged, with a blunt pointed instrument, (for the better security of the guts) and so the same gut restored to his place. Which done, the lips of the wound are to be united and stitched together as is said afore. Let the patientes dye● be spare, and such as may be drying, astringent and glutinative: such as are astringent broths, or 
b A wound drink in these cases, is very convenient. As either the first of those, in the annotations of the chap. aforegoing, or this of Quercetanus: Rec: boli armeni, ℥. ss. consolidae ma. & mi. ana, m.j. galangae, ʒ. ij. macerentur in balneo cum vini q.s. give thereof a spoonful morning and evening. If anya principal part be hurt, there may be more special regard had thereof, by adding some other special matter, for the comfort of it.  aqua chalybeata: in which things you shall dissolve mastix the value of ʒ. j. ●t shall be good to use also clysters extergent and glutinative, as thus made: ex iure capi, vel intestinorum & extremitatum veruecis: wherein hath boiled hordeum chamomilla, anethum, and furfur, dissolving also in the same broth, mel rosarum and vi●ellos ovorum. Else otherwise make a clyster astringent and glutinative, ex vino austero, & ʒ. j. pulueris astrictorij, for the strengthening of the guts, specially if the wound be in the great guts. Finally if the wound ha●e pierced the liver, spleen, stomach, bleddar or matrice, their cure yet differeth not from those parts aforesaid, saving that these require continual confirmation and strengthening, because of their necessary actions: which thing yet is easilier performed to the stomach, then to the other parts, both by things taken and things applied. For whatsoever things are taken inwardly, have more force to work upon the stomach being hurt, then on the liver, or spleen, by reason of length of way, and alteration of the things taken.  

ANNOTATIONS.  
ᵃ The manner of this stitch (in few words here passed over) I will plainelyer deliver out of approved practices. Take your first stitch through mirach and peritonaeum, on the other side pierce mirach only, so make your knot. The second stitch begin on the same side, but through mirach only: and over against it, pierce both mirach and peritonaeum and knit the ends together. Your third stitch (if you need more) make like the first, and your fourth like the second, etc. t●ll you have sufficient for your purpose.  
ᵇ A wound drink in these cases, is very convenient. As either the first of those, in the annotations of the chap. aforegoing, or this of Quercetanus: Rec: boli armeni, ℥. ss. consolidae ma. & mi. ana, m.j. galangae, ʒ. ij. macerentur in balneo cum vini q.s. give thereof a spoonful morning and evening. If anya principal part be hurt, there may be more special regard had thereof, by adding some other special matter, for the comfort of it.   

Supply or addition to this chap. concerning accidents.  
LIke as some time it happeneth to wounds in other places, so often times to wounds in the breast and belly, to have hardness of the lips, & a fistulous disposition towards the closing up. In such a case, besides your wound drink, have ready this or such like oil, 
Quer●. de part. c. 4.  which mastreth all malignity: Rs. an●imonij, ℥ three mercurij sublimati, ℥. i ss. mellis, ℥ uj mixtis omnibus ut ar●is est, destillentur per re●ortam vitream medi●●ri igne. The oil that cometh forth, is most excellent, against all callous and malign ulcers, fistules, cancer, and Gangrene.    

Supply. CHAP. XXVI. Wounds of the privy parts.  

Prog. tr. 1. c. 17. Cure.  Wounds of the gendering parts are most perilous for pain, saith Paracelsus. The ordinary dressinges must be, as hath been said for other p●●tes: but for their inflammation and pain, provide a remedy ex farina fabarum, in vino & aceto c●●ta, this warmed, apply and still renew, till the pain remit. Or in place of farina fabacea, you may put lutum furnarium, and in like sort apply it: for that both appeaseth pain, and defendeth the part: which thing is very requisite in these places. If the pain thus cease not, Rec. florum chamomill●, verbasci ana, m.j. olei q.s. coquantur, & fiat cataplasma. Which apply likewise warm. If this serve not, the last remedy, and shoot anchor (in this case) to flee unto is, Ebulus in vino coctus, & cataplasmatic mod● applicatus.   

CHAP. XXVII. Of wounds in the ●●gges.  
Wounds in the knees and legs are much perilous: 
Prog  because those parts have greater interfoulding and packing of b●●es, ligaments and sinews: and because those parts, for their inferior position, are more subject to the descension of humours.  
Prevent the impendent accidents by rewlsive bloudletting, 
Cure.  cupping, ligatures, and frications, appointing thin diet, commanding rest, & purging by vomit but not by stooled as for the wound itself, that must be joined, according to the order of wounds in the arms: making a repellent ligature or rolling, to keep the humours for flowing to the place: which is done, by beginning with one end of the roll at lower end of the member, & continued rolling upward, strict beneath, but towards the upper part of the member, by little & little, loser. Now if there grow any pain, or inflammation, all such are to be done away, as in their proper place is said a●ore.    

THE THIRD BOOK, ENTREATING OF Ulcers, and first, in general. Of the differences of ulcers.  
DIfferences of ulcers are taken, from ●heir accidents, and from their causes. From their accidents, to wit, quantity and place. So in quantity they are either simple, or compound. A simple ulcer is that, whereto no other affect or simptome is joined. And a compound is that, which is accompanied with another affect or symptom: as an ulcer with distemperature, an ulcer with pain, an ulcer with a tumour, with contusion, with proud flesh, with hardness and discolourednesse of lips, with foulness of the bone, with a malign nature, called also Cacoethe, with worms, with burning, etc. They that differ in respect of the place, are either of the trunk of the body, or limbs. Of the trunk, and that either pertaining to the head, breast, or belly. To the head, are Anchor, or tinea, ulcer of the eye, teary fistula, ulcer of the nose, mouth, and ears. To the breast, such as bear the name of the breast. To the belly, ulcers of the belly, secret parts, and womb. To the limbs: ulcers of the armepittes, and arms, flanks, thighs● legs and feet. Ulcers differ in respect of the causes: as the humour being either hot or cold. Hot humour is either choleric, ●hereof cometh a virulent ulcer: or sanguine, whereof is the filthy ulcer. Again the cold humour is either phlegmatike● whereof cometh the hollow bankt ulcer, and fistulous ulcers: or else melancholic, and so brings forth a cankerous ulcer.  

CHAP. I. Of a simple ulcer.  
AN ulcer is a solution of continuity in the flesh, 
 containing 
a This is a thinner and unconcocted matter.  sanies and 
b Matter concoct and laudable.  pus.  

●●uses & ●●nes.  The antecedent cause is either sanguine, choleric, melancholic, or phlegmatic humour thither flowing: as is above declared in the causes of tumours. The conjoined cause is distemperature, pain, tumour, contusion and such other, stirred up of antecedent causes. Whereof cometh the generation of matter, either good or bad: both which, have their notes to be known by: for good matter is in substance, mean betwixt thin and th●●ke: also white, light, equal and not stinking. Evil matter is thin gluey, much in quantity, swartish, black, pale, stinking.  

●●og.  Ulcers of the limbs are subject ●o inflammations and other tumours. Ulcers in the neck, or about the ears in the head, do very commonly rise up in swellings. If an ulcer eat & grow deeper, note diligently whether that come to pass through the faultiness of the humours of that part, and malignity of the ulcer, or else through the working of the medicines. Ulcers that are hard, virulent, and waxing black, are evil. Cold ulcers are known by their whiteness and sauftnes: hot ulcers by touching, and by their read colour. Ulcers that bear the colour of the whole body, are evil. So are round ulcers, and those that have bald borders. laudable matter is a good sign: unlawdable, evil. Also ulcers th●t either come yearly, or be of long continuance, are hard to be healed. And those that lightly break out again, are apt to change into a fistula.  
First the humour flowing is to be evacuated, 
Cure.  and that either from the place whence it floweth, or whether it floweth. Let blood therefore, if all things accordingly answer: appoint a diet as is meet for the party's temperature, and humours reigning. and so also use your pu●ging, according as is expressed in the treatise of tumours Likewise rewlsive bludletting, & boxing, liga●tures and frications on the contrary side, shall dislodge the humour of his place, yea although it were drawn thither by the place itself. And if it be not drawn thither, but sent only from else where, then shall you beat it back, with applying ung ex bolo a●meno, or such like, set down among the tumours. The conjoined cause, to wit, 
c Howsoever it happened, here was some great oversight: for neither is this according to Wecker himself in other places, much less agreeable to truth or good order. For the adiunctes or accidents of any thing, cannot be accounted with the causes of the fame: neither was it the authors' meaning, I am verily persuaded. The place may thus be restored. The humour in the part affected, feeding the ulcer, when the antecedent cause is cut off, according to the order aforesaid, shall easily be managed, and ●pent, by digestives, and mundificatives, & so the place soon sealed up by incarnatives, & cicatrizing medicines, such as are afore, & shall hereafter again be plentifully delivered.  distemperature, pain, swelling, contusion, proud flesh, hardness, defiled bone, etc. See (for these) in the curation of the symptoms, which follow. The ulcer itself is to be cured after the manner of hollow wounds.  

ANNOTATIONS.  
ᵃ This is a thinner and unconcocted matter.  
ᵇ Matter concoct and laudable.  
ᶜ Howsoever it happened, here was some great oversight: for neither is this according to Wecker himself in other places, much less agreeable to truth or good order. For the adiunctes or accidents of any thing, cannot be accounted with the causes of the fame: neither was it the authors' meaning, I am verily persuaded. The place may thus be restored. The humour in the part affected, feeding the ulcer, when the antecedent cause is cut off, according to the order aforesaid, shall easily be managed, and ●pent, by digestives, and mundificatives, & so the place soon sealed up by incarnatives, & cicatrizing medicines, such as are afore, & shall hereafter again be plentifully delivered.    

CHAP. II. Ulcer with distemperature.  
IF the distemperature be hot, 
Cause● & signs.  it is known by heat, redness, and relief at the applying of cold things. Contrariwise, a cold distemperature is discerned by white colour, light redness, & receiving help by hot things. Moist and dry distemperatures are manifest.  
First the symptoms, 
Cur●.  than the ulcer is to be taken away. And to deal with the hot distemperature, it is to be considered whither it be with matter, or without matter. If it be with matter then whether it be sanguine, or choleric: for the sanguine, use bloudletting, slender & cooling diet, with cooling medicines If it be choleric, diminish the quantity with medicine purging choler, and temper the quality with cooling means. Otherwise if the distemperature be hot & yet without matter, than a simple cooling course sufficeth, both by diet and medicines: as, ung. album, rubrum cum caphura, ung. ex pompholyge, ung ex plumbo, cerussa and such others: also aqua rosarum, succus solani, semperuivi etc. contrariwise, a cold distemperature is to be brought to a mean, both by hot diet and medicines purging phlegm (if it abound) as also warming unguents, to wit, ung. dealibeae, ung. citrinum, or a fomentation of warm wine, or lee, or the decoction of absynthium, mentha, byssopum, pulegium, calamenthum, origanum rosinarinum. Moist distemperature is to be corrected by drying diet, and medicines, as ung de pompholyge, de plumbo de cerussa, de gra●ia Dei, diachalcitidi●. dry distemperature is to be altered with moistening diet, and medicines, such as are, ung. basilieon, de pice, diachylon, dissolving of them in oil, and putting to ℥ i of them, pulueris rosarum ʒ. j. also fomenting the place with warm water. The ulcer being thus delivered from all distemperature, is to be cured then, according to his case. Namely a purulent ulcer, if his matter be crude, is to be digested. If it be not crude, but concoct, then is it to be mundified. So also a hollow ulcer, to be filled with flesh, and a filled ulcer to be joined and brought to a cicitrice.   

CHAP. III. pain with an ulcer.  
Cause's of pain in an ulcer are either distemperature, 
Causes & signs.  or solution of continuity. The distemperature is either hot or cold, and known by the singes declared in the Chapter going before.  
According to which causes you shall also attempt the cure: 
Cure.  as if the distemperature be hot, correct it with cooling things: first dealing with the easier sort, and after with the stronger. Simple● of the easier sortare, succus plantaginis, solani, semper●i●i, hyosciami, aqua rosarum, solani, hyosciami, etc. ol. rosatum, albumen ovi, etc. compound medicines of the weaker sort are, ung. album caphuratum, ung. de lithargyrio, de minio, de thutia, de plumbo, & ung rubrum cum caphura. also albumen oui cum rosaceo. o● bolus armenus, terra sigilla●a, cum aceto & rosaceo. or Emplastrum ex malua, plantagine, furfure & rosaceo. or, Recipe ung popul. ℥. ss. olei vitellorum ovorum, ℥. i mix them. Stronger (if need be) than these, may be made, ex farina hordei, ol●o rosato, & nympheae vel mandragorae, boiled cum lact, vel passo. or ex mica panis, in aqua infusa, cum ol. rosaceo, vi●ellis and croco: whereto also add o●ij, ℈. ss. another, ex folijs papaveris albi, vel mandragorae, vel hyosciami, cum pul●ere chamomille. also philonium, theri●ca recens, oleum de ranis, oleum papaveris cum opio, succus hyosciami cum ●acte mulieris, & opio &c. Cold distemperature is amended by bathing with warm wine, and applying ung fuscum, basilicum, or ●i●rinum. Now if the caus● of pain be solution of continuity, mitigate it with anodinous medicines, and that either applied to the ulcer itself, or else to the parts round about the ulcer: to the ulcer itself, a medicine, consisting ex vitello ovi, croco, terebynthina, ol●● abie●is, and ●●saceo. To the parts about the ulcer, pinguedo gallinae, anatis, anse●is, suis, etc. ●esypus, mucilage semiris lini, f●●●●greci, al●heae, maluae, oleum rosatum, violaceum, anethinum, chamomelinum, ricininum, amigdalarum dull. vulpinu●. or this plaster: Recipe maluae, m.j. ss. farinae sem. lini, far. hordei, far. faenugreci, ana, ℥. ss. ol. chamaemelini, liliorum, ana, ʒ. uj. olei rosati, ℥ three mucilaginis sem. althe●, ℥. i ss. vi●ellorum ovorum, numero ij. make thereof a cataplasm. Thus when the pain is removed, the ulcer is to be healed by the ordinary intentions, of filling with flesh, and cicatrizing●   

CHAP. FOUR Ulcer with a tumour.  
AS in others so in this, the accident first must be removed and then the ulcer cured. The accident is to be dealt withal, according to the humour whereof it riseth. If the swelling therefore be of a hot humour, consider whether it be yet flowing, or else do● rest, and settle in the part affected. If it be flowing, it requires evacuation, both from the part whence it ●loweth (whether it be th● whole body, or some part) which is done by bludlerting, thin & cooling diet, with purging medicines: as also from the part, whither it floweth: which is to be weighed in two respectest for either it floweth to that part, as being drawn of the part● or else, as sent thither only. If it were thitherto drawn, it must b● drawn back against by bloudletting, cupping frications & ligatures, all done on the contrary side. But if it were sen● thither, then use bea●ers back, applying namely 〈…〉 boiled in vino austero, or stamped: or, malum cotoneum acerbum, boiled cum pulvere myrthi. or else a medicine made ex lentibus coctis, & mix them cum pulvere malicorij, rosarum, & terebin. Whereunto if you shall add sarinam fabarum, hord●i, ●ritic●, & chamomillam, you shall ●ot only make the medicine more gentle, but in the augmentation of the Tumour, more profitable also. If the humour be all resting in the part affected, it is to be discussed with a cataplasm, ex decoct. maluae, absynthij, in vino dulci, cum farina ●em, lini, fae●ugraedi, & furfu●e. or else, 〈◊〉 farinae tritici, oleo com●●ni, & croc●. These sodden in water to the form of a pult●is. If the humour whereof this tumour r●seth be cold, discuss it, with this plaster: Rec. mum●̄ae ●d cr●ssi●iem in vino coctae● ℥ ●j. aesypis, ℥ two farinae 〈◊〉 ℥ ●ss● boil them & ●ake them a cataplasm. The tumour thus done away, proceed to digest●●●●●difye, incarn, and consolidate the ulcer.   

CHAP. V Ulcer with contusion.  
A Contused ulcer needeth medicines moysthing ● engendering good matter. as a pulteis ex farina tritici, ole●, & aq●a sodde together: or, ex tritico aqu● calida● diu macer●to & cocto: else, ex radice alth●● & c●ricis ●imul ●oc●is, cum farina triticea ad mellis cra●sit●em. For further addre●●e resort to the curation of a contused wound.   

CHAP. VI Ulcer with proud flesh.  
Proud flesh is to be abated, either by manual operation, or medicines. By manual operation, as by the incision knife, cautery, hot scissors, etc. The medicines must be corrosive: whereof you have store, both gentler, and stronger. The easier are also of two sorts, differing in the more, and less: as the more gentle are these: alumen ●stum, cum bolo: hermodactyli cum tartaro, nuclei dactylorum combusti, aqua vitae cum sulphur, unguentum apostolorum, semen urticae, squammae aeris, serpentaria, ae●, ustum, radix asphod●li, cinis erynacei. Less gentle are these: to wit, p●luis mercurij, unguentum AEgiptiacum, unguentum apostolorum cum aerugine rasili. Of the stronger sort, you have both simple and compound medicines: simple, as Calx viva, chalciti●, chalcanthum ustum. sublimatum hydrargyrum. compounds are thus provided: Recipe hydrargiri sublimati. ʒ. ij. aluminis cr●di, ʒ. v. aqua ros. vel plantaginis, ℥ vi boil them to the wasting of the fourth part. Another: Recipe salis nitri, vitrioli romani, aluminis, ana, ℥. ss. hydrargyri sublimati ʒ. ss. aquae plantag. ℥ vi aceti, ℥ two boil them as is said before. Note, that when you minister these stronger medicines, you apply about the ulcer, unguentum de bolo armeno. The proud flesh thus abated, the ulcer must be cicatrized.   

CHAP. VII. Ulcer with discolourednesse and hardness of the lips.  
IF the hardness of the lips bernot great, seek to sauften, and resolve the same with mollifying medicines: as pinguedo anseris, gallinae, anatis, leonis, ursi, vi●uli, bovis, etc. oleum liliorum, amigdal●rum dulcium, oleum lumbricorum, ol●um vulpinum, etc. Oesypus, mucilago altheae, sem. lini, faenugraeci, unguentum basilicon, Diachilon, Emplastrum de mucilaginibus. But if the hardness be great, it requires incision, or cautery, or else corrosive medicines: as, pulvis mercurij, sprinkled on the lips of the ulcer, when they are scarified. Or a powder thus prepared: Rec. lythargi●ij, lapidis h●matitis, vitrioli romani, an●. ʒij. hydrargyrij sublimati, ʒ. ij.ss. mix them.   

CHAP. VIII. Ulcer with the bone defiled.  

Causes & signs.  THE bone first appeareth fatty, then after black, or rotten, and cometh by fowl ulcers, or fistulas: and those either cankerous, or of long continuance.  
For the preventing of pain & inflammation, 
Cure.  provide first by blood-letting, diet and purging medicines, done according to the nature of the humour. Then if the foulness be not large, nor deep, take it of, either by scaling instruments, (room being made to it, in the flesh) until that blood do follow, (which thing is very good in ulcers of the head & spin bone.) Afterward apply thereto this medicine: Rec. rad. aristolochiae rotundae, rad. ireos, & peu●edani, cort. panacis, cortic. pini, cort. thuris aloes, ana, ʒ. ij. fiat pulvis tenuis, qui melle, vel unguento AEgyptiaco expiciatur. If it be largely defiled, 
Calmet. li. 3. cap. 8.  nothing is more profitable than the hot iron: providing (specially, if it be deep defiled) that after the applying of the hot iron, you bore the bone in many places till the blood follow, applying in those holes also the hot iron, to dry the bone: or else filling them with aqua fortis: so, by ●his means, the bone shall dry, and ●y little and little cast his scale: nature (in the mean time) getting flesh ●nderneath, for the preserving of the ●ound bone, from the corruption of ●he air. so shall the scale fall of af●er, and little or no moisture follow. Your medicine the first iij● dries, after ●he application of the cautery, for ●he losing of the scale shallbe, rosaceū●●lens cum oui alb●mine: and other iij. ●ayes following a digestive ex●oui vi●ello & rosaceo, 
Cal. loc. cit.  then after that, but rū●●m melle. If the defiled bone lie so ●eepe, that you cannot come at it with instruments, then make iniection with this water: Rec. radicum aristolochiae utriusque, iridis, ana, ℥. i ss. centaurij minoris, ℥. i ss. agarici, ʒ. iij. symphiti, m.j. hyperici, pedis columbini, ana, m.j. herbae Roberti, m.j. cort. pini, ℥ two ros. rub. p.ss. anthos, p.ss. mellis ros. ℥ three irrorentur omnia vino albo, & d●stillen●ur ●lembico plumbeo. With this make iniection twice a day. The rest of the time of the cure, touch the bone defiled with this water following: Rec. aquae vitae ter destillatae, aquae rosarum, ana, ℥ three sublimati, ʒ. j. coquantur lent● igne, usque ad sublimati dissolutionem, & keep it in a glass. After the use of which water, it shallbe profitable to minister this powder: Rec. aristoloch. rotund. cort. pini, ana, ʒiij. radi●. peucedani, & arundinis, ana, ʒ. ij. agarici, tartari, ana, ʒ. j. ss. euphorbij, ʒ. j. fiat pulvis. With this powder sprinkle the putrefied bone: or mix it cum melle ● or, unguento regis & mell●, or unguento AEgiptiaco: and therewith anoint the putrefied bone, after the use of the former water: laying aloft Emplastrun diachalciteos, or divinum, or this following: Rec. cortic. o●orum, ossium humanorum, & panni combustorum, ana, ʒij. rad. peucedani, pulu. lumbricorum, ana, ℥. ss. emplastri de gratia dei, diachylonis, picis navalis, ana, ʒ. ij. fiat Emplastrum: which is so excellent in taking off the scale, in mundifying, & also getting of flesh, that Calmeteus testifieth, he never failed in the use of it. Finally, note in the application of your hot iron, 
These notes being necessari, I have added out of the same author, whence the rest were taken.  that you wisely measure the greatness of the heat of it to be but answerable to the greatness of the corruption of the bone. Also if the bone be putrefied to the marlowe, cut off the whole bone: unless it be in the spin, or ridge bone of the back. In which, the best that can be done, is a palliate cure.   

CHAP. IX. Malign ulcers, called Cacoethe.  
THE causes of this malign, 
Causes & signs.  and hardly cicatrized ulcer, are of two sorts: antecedent, and continent. The antecedent, are abundance, either of good juice, or evil juice in the body, or else some fault in the liver or spleen: all which are to be conjectured, by the proper notes & signs. The continent causes are 
a Varix in deed is a cause continent, the rest are accidents.  distemperature, hardness of the lips, varicous or swelled veins, etc. The signs of this unruly ulcer (called also● Chironium) are, callous and swelling lips, thin matter, ill savour, no inflammation, small pain, neither creepeth it● but sometime drieth up, and eftsoons breaketh out again, and is most resident in the feet or legs.  

Prog.  The easiness, or difficulty of the cure of these kind of ulcers, is coniecturable, according to the likelihood of taking away the causes antecedent, or continent● which needs must be removed, before the cure can be accomplished.  
And because fullness, that is a maintainer of this ulcer, 
Cure.  is twofold, to wit, of good juice, or bad: we must advise (if we suppose fullness, or abundance to be in fault) whether the body abound with good, or evil humours: & so accordingly deal for the diminishing of them. If the body abound with good juice, it must be diminished both in the whole, by bloudletting, and spare diet, as also in the part whether it floweth: either drawn, or sent. If it come to the place by attraction and drawing of the part itself, make revulsion, by blood letting, cupping, frication, and ligatures, all done on the contrary part. Otherwise, if the humour come not to the part by attraction, but is received only, as a thing sent thereunto: then use your means, both to beat back that which cometh, and so discuss that which is there already: as shall be said in the process of the cure. If the antecedent 'cause be evil juice, wherewith the body aboundeth● institute a diet of such meats as are of good juice, and so may engender good humours, and be an enemy to that humour that nourisheth the ulcer. Let his drink be Guaiacum water, & use purging medicines, according to the nature of the abounding humours. ●isseasednes of the liver, spleen, or stomach, giving occasion to this ulcer, must first be taken away, & then go to the cure of the ulcer. The like is to be said of the continent causes: to wit, 
a Varix in deed is a cause continent, the rest are accidents.  distemperature & wearies o● the part, hardness of the lipp●●, and swelled veins, the two first whereof have been spoken of, and the ●●irde 
b I find not where Wecker hath the cure of Varix hereafter. I have supplied it in the latter end of the first book.  shallbe taught in his place. Concerning local medicines, botero 〈◊〉 that which resorteth, and to 〈◊〉 that, that is already resident in the place, you have these simple●, as a storehouse to resort to: to wit, terra lemnia, cadmia, chalcitis usta, & lota, & cum ●ceto trita. aristol●chia, cortex rad. capparis. malicorium, vitrum combustum, cortices radic. paraces, sarcocolla, testae piscium ustae, antimonium, Diphryges, plumbum ustum, & lotum, squamma aeris squamma ferri, scoria plumbi, aerugo rasilis, usta & lota, aluminis omne genus etc. It shall be best, at the first, to use the powder of Mercurie ● & after it this water: Rec. succi agrimoniae, succi solani, succi pla●taginis, ana, li.ss. vini albi, ℥. ii●j. aluminis crudi, ℥. iij.ss. auripigmenti. ℈. ss. albuminum ovorum, numero vi. mix them together, & destil them, and therewith wash & foment the ulcer twice a daye● after dress it with one of these unguents: Rec. olei rosati, ℥ vi cerussae, ℥ three lithargirij auri● lapidis calaminaris, ana, ℥. i ss. ●hutiae praeparatae, boli armeni, ana, ℥. i c●phurae dissolutae in aqua rosarum, ʒ. ij. ol. de papavere, ℥ two cerae albae, q.s. fiat unguentum. Another: Rec. ol. rosa●● & myrthini, ana. ℥. ij.ss. suc. solani, plan●ag. & semper vivi, ana, ℥. i ss. sevi hircini & vitulini, ana, ℥ two pingued. suillae, ℥ three aluminis crudi, calcis tertio extinctae, & lotae, ana, ʒ. vi. malicorij, balaustiae, myrabolanorum citrinorum, ana, ʒvij. aeruginis rasilis, ʒ. v. scoriae fer●i, ʒ. x. sarcocollae, ʒ. ij. all beaten and mixed together, infuse ●hem a whole day, then boil them a little together, and put to lithargirij utriusque, ana, ʒ. x. cerussae, ʒ. vi. plumbi usti, ʒ. v. antimonij, ℥. i caphurae, ℈. i cerae. q.s. stir them together in a marble mortar. Hereto also may be added argenti vivi, ℥. i A plaster also for your use, you may thu● compound: Recipe diphrygis, ℥. i ʒ. vi. argenti spumae● ℥ .v. cerae, ℥. vi.ʒ.v. olei myrthini, ℥ ten fiat e●●pl. This plaster devised by A●dromachus, is commended for those ulcers, that (though they be hard to cicatrice) yet are not come to a malignant quality. Note this in the choice, and composing of your medicines, for this purpose: that according to the habit & disposition of the body, in fineness, or hardness, and as the ulcer is in great or less malignity: so are you also, in the more or less to weaken or intent the force of your medicines.  

ANNOTATION.  
ᵃ Varix in deed is a cause continent, the rest are accidents.  
ᵇ I find not where Wecker hath the cure of Varix hereafter. I have supplied it in the latter end of the first book.    

CHAP. X. Of the wormie ulcer.  

Cure.  TO prohibit the generation of worms in ulcers, it is necessary that you take away the humidity, & putrefaction whereof they are engendered. But the worms shall you ●lea with the juices or decoction of absynthium, eupatorium, centaurium, marrubium, and other like bitter simples. The same doth succus foliorum & florum persici, & the leaves also themselves, being stamped & laid to: or, Rec. ol. de absynthio, ℥ ij. succi absynthij, ℥ uj pul. cumini, dictamni, aloes, ana, ℥ two cerae, q.s. boil them to the form of a plaster: which than you may use, to any part, where worms are: millefolium also is commended, for the kill of worms, both in beasts and in men: whereof ʒ. j. may be given in wine to children's for the worms of the belly, and greater quantity to elder persons. Injections of the same, may be used against worms in the ears.   

CHAP. XI. Of burning.  
IT shallbe good immediately after the burning, to hold the place by little and little, near the fire, 
Cure.  that so one heat drawing forth another: you may keep it from blistering. Let the patiented keep a slender diet. Apply cooling medicines: as aqua rosarum● sol●●●● or, ●ndiuiae, cum oui albumine diu agitata, addito aceto pauco: or, Rec. butyrirecentis, vel olei saepe loti, ℥ three unguenti populeonis, ℥. i ss. ovorum n.ij. misce fiat linimentum. Or make an unguent ex vnguento albo, & rubro, mixed cum caphura, albumine ovi, & aqua rosarum. Or, Rec. olei nucum cocti, ℥ two cerae, ℥. ss. agitentur simul. Or this: Recipe unguenti albi cum caphura, ung. populeonis, ana, ℥ two mucilag. sem. cotoneorum in aqua rosarum extractae, ℥. i ss. fiat unguentum. Another: Rec. chalcis lotae, ℥. i cerae albae, ℥. i ss. olei rosarum, ℥ iiij. stercoris columbini usti, ʒ. ij. aquae rosarum, ℥. i albuminum ovorum, numer● j mix them. But if the burning come to ulceration, and the same ulcer become filthy or hollow, cleanse it with 
a Or, butyrum recens & lotum, mixed cum Emplastro Stictico, to the form of an unguent.  this mundificative unguent: Recipe ter ebynthinae lotae in decocto hordei, ℥ two syr. ros. ℥ iij. myrrhae, aloes, ana, ʒ. j farinae hordei. q.s. ad ●rassitiem. & replenish it with flesh with this unguent: Recipe ol. rosati, ℥ eight olei ovorum, ℥ two vitri albiss. ●enuissime triti, ℥. i cortic mediae sambuci, manipulum, j cerae albae, ℥. i ss. coquantur simul● & fiat unguentura. When the flesh is equal, and nothing but cicatrice wanteth, apply this unguent: Recipe diachiloni● communis, ℥ two unguenti populeonis, ol. rosati, ana, ℥ three mucilag. sem. cotoneorum in aqua rosacea extractae, ℥ four vitellorum ovorum, numero ij. fiat unguentum. The cicatrice being made, it shall be good to anoint the place every day with ol. de vitellis, ovorum.  

ANNOTATION.  
ᵃ Or, butyrum recens & lotum, mixed cum Emplastro Stictico, to the form of an unguent.   

Supply. For some particular burnings.  
FOR burning with gonnepowder: 
Parac. tr. 3. c. 6. Burning with gunpowder.  Recipe butyri, li.j. olei nucum, sevi ceruini, ana, li.ss. medullae tauri, ℥ three liquefacta ac fer●ida infundantur in aquam nympheae, ●er quaterue, agitentur probe, & fiat unguentum.  
In applying, renew this still, as it waxeth hot in the place, until all pain be banished: then cure it as a simple wound. 
Accident.  For corns of powder sticking in the face, apply this lineament. After you have (with needle or some such instrument) picked forth as many as you may: Butyrum, liquefactum in aquam ex ranarum semine extractam inijce, 
Quercetanus.  aut in aquam gammarorum, id decies aut saepius repetendo, donec butyrum lactis instar albescat. eius ita praeparati, ℥ three misce cum ℥. i olei luteorum ovorum & fiat linimentum: which is likewise excellent to get out the fire in a burning.  

Parac. ib. c. 7.  It happeneth to some that prepare metals and minerals, to be burnt of them in their preparation: and their burning bringeth dangerous accidents, because of the impression of their venom: as the burning of Vitriol, alum, salt, brass, etc. 
Burning by metals and minerals.  cause (if they be not rightly cured) cacoethical ulcers, yea, sometime bastard leprosy. Therefore, to draw out the fire, and root out the venom of these, and other metals: Recipe adipis suillae, id est, lardi, quantum sufficiat liquefiat ac incalescat, while it is very hot, power it out in aquam solani, stir it then to the consistence of an unguent, and therewith anoint the place.  
Against the scalding of mineral waters (if any such chance: 
By mineral waters. ) Recipe olei nucum li. ss. cevi ceruini, li. j butyri praeparati, li. j ss, fiat unguentum. Or use the ointment against gonnepowder burning, aforesaid. If these burnings be so deep, that there needeth restoration of substance, after the fire and venom are extinguished, then do as is noted in the former Chapter.  
If a man be burnt of Mercury, 
Burning by Mercury.  foment the place affected with linen clothes wet in milk, and applied as hot as may be suffered twenty times, or more: ever renewing them as they wax cold: after that, with butter oft heated, and powered into cold water, and laboured to a most white unguent, dress the place, to draw out the fire. Last of all, heal it as other plain wounds.  
Pain of the teeth, 
Accidents.  and trembling of the hands, particular accidents of this burning, may thus be remedied. Wash the hands in aqua vitae, and gargoyle with aqua lavendulae: abstaining in the mean time, to come near any Mercury.  
There is yet the burning by lightning, 
Burning by lightning.  though rare, yet necessary to be cared for. The intention of drawing forth the fire, 
Parac. ib. ca 9  hath not here the first place, as in other burnings, but first must here be a vehement cooling medicine, to quench the fire, which else ceaseth not to burn: like as sometime a man shall see the same by gonnepowder. Recipe spermatis ranarum, succi sedi, astacorum flwialium, ana, parts aequales, myrrhae, vitrioli, ana modicum, mix them, and apply them to the affected member, till the heat be gone: after which, effect the cure with unguentes prescribed for other burnings. And this course sufficeth, if the part be not exceedingly fired: Otherwise, like as wood being brought either to ashes, or coals by the fire, 
Accident.  cannot be returned to wood again, even so, whatsoever is here burned, beyond the hope of recovery, requireth (Moreover,) a medicine, for the separating of the same from the sound. After your extinguisher (therefore) let this be your distinguisher (as you may call them:) Recipe colophoniae, li. j picis communis, l●. ss. cerae. ℥ three olei & terebynthinae, quantum sufficiat malaxetur, & fiat Emplastrum. Apply this plaster, till the dead be divided from the living flesh. Lastly, finish the healing with your sticticum plaster.    

Supply. CHAP. XII. Skabbes, itch, skurffinesse, Tetters, and leprosy.  
SKabbednesse is a light ulceration of the skin, 
Def. ex Feru. li. 7. ca 5.  with itching and (sometimes) creeping frettines. 
Causes & signs.  It followeth some moist pustule going before, (whether it were pale, swartish or black) which being broken, leaveth a moist ulceration in the skin, whereupon ensueth the scab: mean time, there is itching, redness, heat, pain, and such other accidents, more or fewer, according to the humour whereof it hath his feeding: which, be it choleric, phlegmatic, or melancholic, you shall know by the condition of the affect: painful, moist, or dry: by the patient's temperament, and other artificial indications of his course of life, year time, etc. so often beaten over before, as I should do the Reader wrong to repeat them now again.  

Impetigo.  Impetigo, which we english a Tetter is a hard and dry roughness of the skin, with great itching This riseth by iiij. stairs unto the height, which is the leprosy. First● it is a simple one, the skin, read, hard, and rough, with vehement itching. It cometh of Choler, or thin phlegm, but salt and putrefied. The ●econde is the true Impetig●, which riseth with greater rough pustules, fretteth fiercelier, and gaddeth more abroad. This cometh often of Herpes miliaris, or exedens, in their cure neglected. The matter hereof is hotter choler, or thicker salt phlegm. In the third degree is Psora, 
●sora.  which I call skurffines, wherein the skin is thicker, drier, harder, more swelled and rough, with creeping pustules● which do eat, and 'cause it to chap all abroad, casting of black and brannie scales. This ariseth of black choler, (we commonly also call it melancholy) put out into the skin, and whereout it can hardly be scattered. Lepra is the last, 
Leprosy.  & worthily worst of all. This eateth vehemently, and feedeth & clifteth deep: wherehence not only bran, but scales sometime pale, sometime blackish do shed. It groweth of black choler, wherewith some thick, and tough salt phlegm is mixed. This last is accounted uncurable. 
Prog.  The next afore it very hardly curable.  
The inward means used, 
Cure.  and Physical parts first performed, according as for every humour, and other considerations, you have often before received instruction: come to your local remedies: wisely in them observing, to increase the force of your midicines, according to the validity of the disease, and strength of the patient's body. Which rule well marked, choose medicines here for your purpose. For the scabs: 
For skabs.  Rec. succi chelidoniae, fumi terrae, boraginis, scabiosae, lapacij acuti, ana, ℥ iij cum faece ace●i, & axungia veteri misceantur. This cureth any skibbe, that is not of the pocks. Or, 
Scylander.  Rec. butyri recentis, ℥. i axungiae ℥. ss. lithargi●●j cerusae, ana, ʒ. j. zinzibris, ʒ. j. ss. sulphuris, ʒ. ss. hellebori nigri pulu. ʒ.iij. ace●i, ℥. i ss. misceantur, & coquantur in unguentum. 
Botallus.  Or, make an unguent ex butyro, sulphur vivo, & aqua sublimati: else, Rec. olei iuniperini, ℥ iij. olei lucernarum, nucum ana● ℥ two tartari albi, ℥. i ss. vitrioli, salis, ana, ʒ. iij. li●hargirij auri● ℥ four succi plantaginis, limonum, ana, ℥ three aceti squilli●ici, ℥. i misce. Baths likewise may you contrive, to enforce your unguents further in working. As for example: Rec. rad. enulae, lapatij acuti, ana, li. j parieta●iae saponariae, ana, m.ij florum authos, chamomillae, ana, P.j. fiat decoct. ●pro balneo, cui adde● salis li iiij. Rec. maluarum, lapatij acuti, plantag. argentinae, saluiae, faeniculi, ana, m.iij aluminis rupei, ℥ .v. sulphuris flavi pul. ℥ four furfuris tritici, m.iij fiat decoctio. For Impetigo, 
For Impe●igo.  make a decoction ex radic, oxylapa●hi rub. cum gummi arab. modico, in vino albo: therewith every morning foment th● place warm, and let it dry in. Also oleum genistae, juniperi, or Guaiaci, doth banish all Tetters. Against Psora and lepra, as the former localles are much availing, so yet I wish not too far relying upon them: for in truth, on physical means their greatest cure dependeth.   

CHAP. XIII. Of ulcers and skalles in the head, called Achores, or Tinea, and Fauus.  
AChores, called of others Tinea, 
Def.  are issuing ulcers in the head, perforated with many holes. But favi are large holed ulcers, yielding humour thick like honey, so lying, as in the holes of the honey comb.  
Nitrous and salted phlegm, evil diet of sharp ivyced meats, rawness, surfeiting, 
Causes & ● signs.  etc. do occasion it. Tinea appeareth with itching, ulcers and matter, crusty scabs and scales in the head, stinking savour, etc.  

Prog.  This disease, though it be new, yet is cured with difficulty, but if it be old, either never, or very hardly.  

●●re.  To take away the cause, which is a salt and nitrous humour, if the body abound with blood, and the party's age not repugnant, let blood, or apply cupping glasses with scarification in the hinder pa●te of the head: ordain a slender diet, cooling and engendering good blood: as to use moderate exercise, mean chaffing of the legs, let the belly be solluble, either naturally, or else so kept with clysters. For his meat, the flesh of hens, chickens, capons, weather, veal, peacocks, etc. His drink, either decoction of Cinamon● or white Wine delayed. abstaining from anger, surfeiting, salt, sharp, thick and glutinous meats. Prepare and concoct the humour with Oxymel simplex, oxymel scillinum, syr. acetosus, oxysaccharum, etc. Then come to your purging: which must both be general and particular: ●urge the whole body with cas●ia, di●ca●holicum, confectio ham●ch, Elect. de succo rosarum, pill. agregative, pil. sine quibus etc. then particularly, as by the mouth and nasterls, accordingly as is taught in alopecia. Well advising to do all these, (both concerning the strength of the medicines, and their repetition) according to the age, and strength of the party: more, or less: or not at all. The cause being thus provided for, minister to the place medicines, such as may cleanse, discuss, and repress: as oleum rosarum, ol. de serpentibus, ol. myrthinum, ol. de frumento, ol. citoneorum, ol. d● nucleis per●ico●um, ol. e salicibus, ol. amigdal. amar. ol. juniperinum, ol. fraxininum: acetum, lixivium, urina, muria: succus rubi, plantaginis, fumariae, boraginis, scabiosae, parietariae, anagallidis: suc. enulae, ireos, aristolochy, sambuci, ebuli, absynthij, marrubij cucumeris agrestis, cen●aurij minori●, etc. axungia ursi, talpae, lupi, anseris, cuniculi, etc. sulphur, cinnabrium, sal torrefactum, alumen, arseni●um, aerugo spuma argeni●, Chimolia terra, pompholyx, myrrha, aca●ia, thu●, malicorium, cortex pini, bacrae lauri, & folia, fol. myrthi, farina lupinorum, farina lol●acea len●ium, faenum● graecum, adiantum, rosae, fol. ●utae, etc. Of which things, you may provide you great copy (also) of compound medicines, as the●e unguentes following: Recipe succi boraginis, succi scabiosae, succi lapatij acuti, succi ire●s, ana, ℥ two faecis olei veteris, ℥ three aceti, q.s. bulian● simul omnia deinde subducto igne, mis●● pulueris elle bori albi, & nigri, sulphuris vivi, lithargirij auri, auripigmenti, cinabrij, calcis vivae, albuminis ovi, gallarum, aeruginis, fuliginis, pici●, cineris ● faece vini usta, ana, ʒ. ij. fiat linimentum. and therewith anoint the head being shaved. another: Rs. lithargirij, cerussae, cadmiae, fuliginis, gallarum, ana, ʒ. j. faecis olei, vini, aceti, cerae, ana, q.s. misce fiat unguentum. Another: Recipe unguent. pompholygos, ℥ two olei myrthini, ℥. i ss. chimoliae, dram; three misce. or, Recipe olei nucum, olei iuniperini, ana, ℥ two olei lucernarum, ℥. i nucum ustarum cum testis, ℥ uj myrrhae, floris aeris, ana, ℥. i fuliginis furni ℥. i lithargirij, ℥. ss. argenti vivi, ℥ two misce fiat linimentum. or, Recipe ung li●hargirij, ung. pompholygos, ana, ℥. i pulueris rosarum, myrthi, acatiae, ana, ʒ. j. aceti, olei myrthi●i, ana, q.s. misc● Pro linimento. Another, Recipe spumae argenti, thuris, ana, ʒ. iij. sulphuris, ʒ. ij. aceti, ℥ uj olei resa●i, ℥ three boil them to the thickness of honey. another, Recipe auripigmenti rubri, calcis vivae lotae quinquies, ana, ℥ iij fuliginis furni, ℥ j virtioli, aluminis, ana, ℥. ss. allij triti, ℥. ss. tartari, ʒ. uj. mellis, aceti, ana, q.s. misce fiat linimentum. another, Recipe nucum rancidarum, ℥. i sevi hircini, piscis, ana, ℥. i ss. sulphuris, fol. rutae, ana, ʒ. ij. olei myrthini, ℥ two ●isce igne lento: it is a very good one. another, Recipe olei myrthini ℥ uj aceti, ℥ two puluer. myrthi, ℥. ss. sulphuris, lithargyrij, ana, ʒ. j. misce. therewith anoint the head, being shaved, for it is very approved. another, Recipe succi ●ol. myrthi, succi plantaginis, ana, ℥ three farinae lentium, puluer. myrthi, acatiae, thuris, ana, ʒ. ij. olei laurini, aceti, ana, ℥ two mix them to a lineament.   

Here also of Alopecia, and his allies: for the affinity of causes. CHAP. XIIII. Alopecia, and Ophiasis.  

Definition  ALopecia is a falling of the here, after which, certain vacant places are left in the head. It differeth from Ophiasis, both in figure, place, and age. For Alopecia keeps no proper figure, but indifferently showeth itself in any, and is incident to the forepart of the head beard, eye brows, and any age. But Ophiasis ever appeareth in one certain figure, 
Difference.  namely, not exceeding the breadth of two fingers from the nape of the head: it creepeth on with his two heads, to both the ears: in some to the forehead, never ceasing, till it have joined both his heads in the forepart of the forehead. And this disease is incident (for the most part) to young children, and that to the head only.  

Causes & signs.  They are engendered otherwhiles, of the naughtiness of some common matter, and other sometime, of some special & peculiar matter. It is meant to be of common matter, when it cometh of a common, and as it were, accustomed putrefying of humours, which eat away the roots of the hears. For the hears do come of certain dried vapours, resolved by moderate heat, which, whilst they pass out through the pores of the skin, are thrust out into their form, of length and roundness, and dried by the air. Which again do easily fall, when as by some vicious humour they are stubbed up. And this may be serous or thin blood: then is it with a red colour in the skin, and in a young flourishing age, a sanguine complexion: and in such one as hath used meats of much and good juice. Or it may be of choler, which you shall know by paleness of the skin, choleric complexion, hot and dry temperature, hot diet, and youthful age. It may likewise● proceed of phlegm, either sweet or salt: the sweet, is apparent by whiteness of skin, boyish age, cold and moist temperament, and cold and moist nourishment. Salt phlegm also bringeth forth white colour joined with dandroufe, itching, etc. If it be of melancholy: blackness of skin, with melancholic complexion and custom of diet, will declare it. The peculiar matter, which cometh to be considered of in the generation of this disease, is that which hath, either by adustion, or malign & pernicious constitution, gotten to it, a certain sure, and unwonted malice, as in leprous bodies● whose signs are: falling of hear, with great deformity of face, hollow nose, round eyes, narrow drawn nostrils, swelled eyebrows, fleshy knots in the face, & dusky colour etc. or else in the french diseased persons, and signified by falling of the beard, eiebrowes, and tufty forepart, before the rest of the head, also pains in the head & joints, weals and scales in the head, and chin, scurf, sorelike weariness, itching about the face, clefts sometime in the hands, and ulcers (ꝑhaps) going before in the privy parts. Other signs of the form of these diseases, and their place, are manifest enough by the definition.  

Prog.  To know whether there may be cure or not, two things must be considered: one is the time: for if it be of late growing, it may be cured, but if it be of long continuance, it is either impossible, or at the lest very difficult. The other thing is the affect or disease itself, & so Alopecia, which cometh of the leprosy is seldom, or never cured. Ophiasis sometime healeth of the own accord, and with out application of any remedy: but Alopecia doth not so.  
The cure 
Cure.  of these diseases must be instituted first according to the matter whereof they proceed, be it common or else peculiar, as is afore described in the signs. And then respecting the form, which cometh to be amended by local medicines afterward. If therefore you found the vi●iosity of the common humours to be in fault, seek out also by the signs which of them it is, and thence proceed to the taking of them away, in this manner. If it be serous blood and choler, 
Diet.  appoint a contrary, that is, a cooling diet. As colder air, moderate exercise, moderate sleep, or larger then of wont, the meat of good juice, as flesh of hens, partridges capons and weather, sodde with lettuce, etc. avoiding ho●e, sharp and salted meats. The drink, water that is boiled, etc. observing warily, that (at no time) there be too great filling with meat. For phlegmatic humours in this case, let the diet be with hotter air, temperate exercise, moderate sleep, meat that hath property to heat and make thin, the drink, white wine delayed, etc. And the quantity of meat but little. Otherwise also if the humour be melancholic, let the diet be heating and moistening: as hot and moist air, mean exercise, longer sleep, meat engendering good blood, the drink, delayed wine, etc. the quantity also in a mean. The diet thus considered of, 
manual ●●eration.  as is meet: proceed to more manifest diminishing of the humour, by bludletting, cupping, or sanguisuges, as the case offereth most conveniency. Provided always, that in any of these, the age and strength of the patiented be considered: for the moderating of the quantity, Therefore these manual operations find place, when this disease proceeths of sanguine, and choleric humours. And the fittest places then for the opening of a vein, is Cephalica first: and then some vein in the forehead, one done after another, with some convenient time between. Cupping with scarification is to be used in the circuit of the head, 
* * Bloodsuckers. Inward medicines.  sanguisuges in the hinder part of the head.  
Medicines convenient in this case, whilst the matter is serous blood, and choler, are first●, those, that work contrary to the present quality of the humour, by altering concocting and preparing the ●ame: of which nature are these: 
Preparatives.  Oxisaccharum, syrupus violaceus, syrupus de boragine, sirupus endiviae, syrupus acet●sus, with distilled waters, or the decoction of the like herbs, whereof those sirupes are made. Then following after, with such purging as may manifestly diminish the quantity of the offending matter, in general. Of which sort, you have choice enough amongst these following: manna, cassia, tamavindi, Diaprunum lenitiwm, 
Purgations.  Diacatholicon, syrupus ros. laxatiuus. syrup. ex flor. persicis, etc. mirabolani Citrini. or if need require a stronger sort: Electuarium de succo rosarum, Electuarium ros●rum mesuae, Hiera Ruffi, P●llulae Au●eae, Pill. agregativae, Pill. sine quibus, etc. After which general evacuations, order requireth that the particular sort, as mastica●ories, of mastic, or pyrethrum mildly sodde in syrup of rosses solutive, do follow. In all which the artist must have care, that by dew quantity, he perform that which is sufficient: purging both often, yea and vehemently, if the age may bear it, forasmuch as the humours are impact in the habit of the body.  
If the humours offending be phlegmatic, 
Phlegm the cause.  first altar and prepare it, as with, oxymel simplex or compositum, given with a decoction of the roots of smaledge: likewise, mel rosarum, syrupus de staeca●e, syrupus de betonica, syr. de capillorum ven. with the decoction of maidenheare, vervain, sothernewoode, or their distilled waters. Then purge the same with Di●catholicon, hiera pi●ra, Hiera Ruffi, pillulae de agarico, mirabolams chebulis, or such like: else, if stronger be required: Diaph●●icum, Electua rium Indum maius, Pill●l● cocbi●, pill. faetidae, pil. indal, pil. hier● diacoloc●nthidos, Trochisci Alhandal, etc. After which, in like manner as aforesaid, follow in order your particular evacuations by the mouth, to wit, gargarisms, made of the decoction of figs, reasons, hissope, peniriall, stecadoes, maioram, etc. else (if you would have them stronger) of the decoction of pepper, and pyrethrum etc. or of mustard seed, vinegar, honey, etc. masticat●ries also of mace, cubebe●, stavesagre, ●sarum, mas●i●h, pyrethrum, either raw, or lightly boiled in oxymel. In all which you must proceed with the like observation as before is noted, to wit, that both the preparing and also the purging be oft● yea and vehement (the age & strength of the patiented considered) because the humours have taken root in the habit of the body. The time is most convenient for them, when the patiented is fasting.  
If the melancholic humour be cause of the falling of the hear, 
Melancholy the cause.  the diet first ordained as is afore described, here have you your preparatives first to concoct and make ready the matter: to wit, oxymel compositum, oxymel scilliticum, syrupus de fumo terrae, syrupus de lupulis etc. with the water of hops. Evacuate then the whole body, either with some of the gentler sort, as Diasenna, diacatholicon, mirabolani Indi, senna, lapi● armenus etc. Or with these stronger sort, as Hiera Ruffi, confectio hamech, Pil●ulae de fumo terrae, pill. de lapide lazuli, Elleborus niger, etc. Lastly descending to the particulars, as gargarisms of the decoction of pyrethrum, in the decoction of mercury & tyme. Eleborus niger, confectio hamech, etc. and these things likewise must be often repeated, and strongly performed, for the consideration, before, now twice rehearsed. When all this course hath been duly followed, for the rooting out of the matter of this disease, that is to say, the common humours of the body, which are found faulty in this case: then come we justly to the use of local medicines: 
Outward medicines.  which likewise are not a little a●aileable in the matter. Of which sort are these: Oleum laurinum, oleum ovorum, oleum nucum, oleum lucernarum, ol. abrotani, oleum ricininum, oleum juniperi. axungia tal●ae, axungia vrs●, axungia lupi, leonis, anseris, cuniculi. Moreover, the ashes of sothernwoode, of bears hear, or of man's hear, the ashes of moles, sea yrchins, spumaemaris, of tap sia, euforbium, bees, wasps, etc. of which things may be made unguentes and lees, of divers sorts, such as here, for example sake, I have set down. Rec. olei de abrotano ℥ two pingued. ursi, or talpae, ℥. i cineris pellis ursi, vel echini terrestris ℥ three nucum ustarum, abrotani usti, ana, ℥. i propoleos, ℥ two mellis, ℥. i mix, and make thereof a safety unguents or else this: Rec. succi cepae, succi scillae, ana, ℥. ss. olei laurini, ℥ three axungiae anatis, ℥. i boil these together till the juices be consumed, putting to in the end, cineris radicum ficus, & pulueris seminis nastur●ij, ana, ʒ. j. of these make an unguent, and anoint therewith the head, being shaved. Another to the same purpose is thus prepared: Recipe piperis, stercoris ovilli sicci, sem. crysimi, er●cae, ana, ℥. ss. ellebori albi, ʒ. iij. ste●coris murium ʒ. j. fellis tauri, q.s. mix and make thereof an unguents A lee to the same purpose make on this wise: Recipe cin●ris maru●ij, cineris nucum, cineris aucllanarum, cineris pellis vrs●, ana, ℥ two aquae, li. iiij. vel v. make thereof a lee, in which boil afterward, saluiam, betonicam, abrotanum, capillos veneris, etc. Thus far we have spoken of the falling of here, coming of a common matter, as the vitiosity of the four humors● and so much sufficeth our purpose.   

CHAP. XV. Brannie scales in the head.  
THis is a disease in the out side of the skin of the head: 
De●.  when as, (there being no ulcer in the head) branlike scales shake forth with a light scratching.  

Causes & signs.  The thing itself is evidently known by itching, and scales in the head. But of what cause it is, as whether of corrupt blood, burnt choler, salt phlegm, or burnt melancholy, you shall know by the consideration of such notes as are given you in the acknowledging of Alopecia.  
If it be not cured in a convenient time, 
Prog.  it changeth into the leprosy.  
If it proceed of ferous or corrupt blood, 
Cure.  institute a diet contrary in quality: to wit, 
D●et.  let the party use moderate exercise, temperate sleep, a quiet mind, meats of good juice, not windy, nor gross. White wine delayed, etc. Forbid beef, venison, and goats flesh, also bulbous roots, musheromes, puffs, potherbes and banqueting dishes. So may you bend the force of your dietary prescription against the faultiness of the other humours (if you see it good) by the order foreshowed in Alopecia.  
Also in this case (of blood) phlebotomy is convenient: 
Med. inward.  and other medicines, both altering, concocting and purging: generally, and particularly, in manner, as is afore set down, in Alopecia.  
Observe the order of that chapter likewise, if choler, phlegm, or melancholy be, 
Outward  in this case, faulty. The cause of the disease then being thus provided for, come to local medicines, to cure the present place withal. Which you must prepare, of wiping, dispersing and drying things. Such as are lupini, ciceres, orobus, faenumgrecum, cineres betae, brassicae, abrotani, cucumeris asinini, parietariae, absynthij, etc. also pulvis enulae campanae, ireos, aristologiae, brioniae, ari, mirthi, maluarum, foliorum sesami, staphidis agriae, sulphuris, nitri, lapidis calaminaris, argenti spumae, ossium myrabolanorum, etc. likewise calx, furfur, succus betae, & omnia fella, etc. of which sorts, & other like, you may provide your compound medicines, either in form of baths, lees, or unguentes on this wise: Rs hordei mundi P. uj. sem. lini, faenugr. ana. ℥ four violariae, maluae, borag. fumiterrae, cichorei, lapathi acuti, ana, m.iij amigdal. contrite. li. iiij. farinae fabarum, li. j mix them and make thereof your bath. another: R●. rad. lapathi acuti, enulae camp. ana, ℥ three maluae, bismaluae, ciclae, parietariae, saponariae, ana, m.iiij lupinorum, fabarum int●grarum ana, li. j centaureae mi. P.iij. furfuris vel hordei integri, P.iij. make a decoction for a bathe, and wipe the place with a rough cloth, or sponge. A third, Rs. ●ol. myrthi, vel salicis, ana, m.iij plantag. aco●i, agrimoniae, fol. ulmi, ana, m.iiij lentium, m. ij● rosarum P. uj. make your decoction for a bath, whereto add aluminis li. ss. and let the patiented enter into it, after the use of the other remedies. Make your lees of the ashes of the cutings of vines, or of the roots of beets and coleworts. Vnguentes have here of divers sorts, as first, Rs. farinae hordei, far. fabarum, far. lupinorum ana, ℥. i fellis bovini au● suilli ℥. ss. aceti, ℥ four fiat unguentum. Another: Rec. sulphuris, Chimoliae terrae ana, ʒ. ij. succi betae, ℥ two misce. A third: Rec. amigd. amararum tostarum, nucum rancidarum ana, par. xx. terrae sigillatae, sulphuris, vitrioli, ana, ʒ. ij. ol. nucum ℥ three mellis scillae, ℥ two misce fiat unguentum. With this ointment anoint the head over night, and at morning, wash the head, with the decoction, either of lupins, or beans. A fourth Rec. ol. amigd. amararum ℥ four clei irini, ℥ two suc. ciclae ℥ three suc. fumiterrae, ℥ three boil these together to the consumption of the juices, adding thereto, fa●inae faenugr. ℥ two nigellae, ℥. i misce fiat vng●entum, wherewith anoint the place at night, applying one of the baths, to the same, the next morning. A fift: Recipe argenti spumae, olei rutacei, aceti ana part. j mix them on the hot embers. A sixth: Recipe puluer. ireos, puluer. abrota●●, ana, ℥. ss. succi enulae & be●ae ana, q.s. reduce it to the thickness of honey.   

CHAP. XVI. Of lousiness called Phthiriasis & morbus pedicularis.  

Causes & signs.  THis is a disease chief of the inner skin of the head. But sometime of other parts also, as the beard, arm pits and share bone, in which parts lice are engendered, of diverse forts● some without the skin, as those of the head: and those called 
a Of some partlyee they be flatter, and stick in the skin like●tickes.  morpiones: othe●s lurking within the skin called 
b We commonly call them worms, which many women, in the sun shine, can cunningly pick out with needles, and are most commonly in the hands.  Cyrones'.  

Prog.  They are engendered of a hot and moist humour, which is descried, by noting the patiented his order, in the regiment of his body. As his meats being moist and phlegmatic, joined with the use of nuts, figs, chestnuts, and fruits: neglecting the head for combing, etc.  
The hot and moist humour which is the cause of this disease must be taken away, 
Cure. Diet.  both by diet and medicines. Let therefore the patientes meat be of good and laudable juice, his exercise moderate, his bath of salt water, and his clotheses be often changed: and generally observing, to keep his diet slender: the medicines to purge out this cause, 
Med.  must be ordained according to the nature of the humours abounding, if the age and other considerations be not repugnant. Then with convenient medicines: as bitter, discutient, astringent and drying, draw forth and kill the worms themselves. To which end, you may provide yo● of diverse sorts, both lineaments and baths, as followeth: Recipe aluminis, ℥. ss. veratri albi, ʒ. j. olei, aceti ana, q.s. ●iat linimentum. another: Rs. ol. ●migdalarum amararum, ℥ two ol. rutae, ℥. i staphidis agriae ℥. i centaureae mi. ʒ.ij. mi●rhae ʒ. iij. argenti vivi, ℥ two axungiae rancidae salitae, ℥ three aceti parum, fiat linimentum. A third: Recipe sulphuris, ℥. ss. staphid. agriae ℥. i olei ℥. ij.ss. acen. ℥. i ss. misce. A fourth: Recipe staphidis agriae, ℥. ss. aloes, ʒ. ij. aceti scillit. olei amigdal. amararum, ana, qs. misce fiat linimentum. A fift: Recipe mellis ℥. ss. succi fol. hederae, ℥ two misce. A sixth: Recipe sandracae, ʒ. iij. staphidis agriae, ʒ. uj. ni●ri ʒ. j. aceti, q.s. misce. A seventh: Recipe aloes, staphidis agriae, ana, ℥. ss. ol. fraxini, suc. genistae, ana. q.s. fiat linimentum. An ●ight: Recipe lardi salsi rasi ℥ two aloes ℥. ss. aceti scill. q.s. misce. A ninth: Recipe staphidis agriae, aluminis ana, ℥ ss. sem. tamaris●i ʒ. ij. fellis bovis, ʒ. iij. ol. laurini, aceti ana, q.s. misce fiat linimentum. The tenth: Recipe pill. come. ʒ.ij. pill. contra vermes, ʒ. ij. succi athanasiae, q.s. misce fiat linimentum. Your bath you may prepare on this wise. Recipe ciclae, absynthij, marrubij, betonicae, ana, m.j. centaureae mi. florum stacadoes, ana, P.ij. lupinorum, P.iij. staphidis agriae, li. j aristologiae, li. ss. make the decoction in lee, whereunto add salis li. ss. these medicines apply to the part so affected, which (if it be possessed with here,) it is meetest first to shave.  

ANNOTATIONS.  
ᵃ Of some partlyee they be flatter, and stick in the skin like●tickes.  
ᵇ We commonly call them worms, which many women, in the sun shine, can cunningly pick out with needles, and are most commonly in the hands.    

CHAP. XVII. Of ulcers in the eyes.  
THese ulcers are caused of some sharp and biting humour, 
Causes 〈◊〉 signs.  and so there is joined with the ulceration pain, much wat●ing and redness of the eyes, 
Cur●.  etc.  
Evacuate first the sharp and biting humour, by bloudletting, cupping, ligature, frication, spare diet, and purging medicines, as in Ophthalmia: as also by repellent medicines applied outwardly. If the ulcer be sanious, cleanse it, but with medicines without biting, or moving of pain: such as syrupus acetosus, ●●●l virgineum, sacharum candum, aloe lota, myrrha etc. If it be hollow and lack flesh, incarn and glutinate the same cum Thutia praeparata, collyrio albo sine opio, or collyrio de plumbo, either of these finely groune, and dissolved in aquis rosarum, vel plan●aginis, vel candae equinae, vel in lact muliebri, vel lact caprin●. If there be pain or inflammation, mitigate and cure them as is said, in Ophthalmia.   

CHAP. XVIII. Of the lachrimall or teari● fistula.  
THE cause hereof is a fell, sharp● and nitrous humor● gotten either to the bone, or gathered in the circumference or sauft compass about the eye. Both which you shall perceive by search and feeling: for there is callous hardness, and toughness in the bone (if it be ●oucht) likewise some apostume ever goeth before it, the matter is serous and glewish, and there is redness in the eye.  
A lachrimall fistule is hard to be cured, 
Prog.  for the neerens and sensibility of the eye. And that that is inveterate can scarce be cured, because of the bone much corrupted. And if it be, yet shall that eye be ever wat●ing, 
Calm. li. 3. c. 20.  because the flesh in the corner is wasted.  
This humour would be spent out of the whole body, 
Cure.  or head, by blood letting (if nothing let) slender diet, and of good juice, and purging medicines according to the nature of the humours. Also it would be turned away from the place whether it floweth, by bloudletting, cupping, binding and frications on the contrary parts. The rest of the cure, is by medicines, thus to be performed: if it be sanious or filthy, cleanse and mundify it either by filling the cavity, cum laungine rad. arundinis, & so often used till it be perfecty mundified: or with a colliery ex thure, sarcocolla, aloe, sanguine draconis, balaustia, antimonio, alumine, mixed in equal parts, with putting to quartan part flor. aeris. or ammoniacum dissolved in aceto cum aerug. ras. or this lineament: Rec. aquae vitae, mellis ros. col. ana, ʒ. j. myrrhae, ʒ. ij. fia● linimentum. Wherewith anoint the place morning and eveninig. If it be grown with callous hardness, waste it with ung. aegiptiacum, or pull. mercurij or asphodeli. If the bone be defiled, apply a cautery, in quantity and form proportionable to it: in the mean time, defending the eye, with lint, or flax wet in albumine ovi, and thereupon holding also a silver spo●e. Finally the hollowness of the fistula must be filled with flesh, and so after when it cometh to be even cicatrized: accordingly as is taught in the wounds of the eyes.   

CHAP. XIX. Ulcers in the nose, called Ozenae.  
OZenae are ulcers about the nasterls, yielding a filthy savour, 
●ef.  and casting many crusts.  

●auses & ●ignes.  Causes are sharp putrefied humours. The signs are manifest.  

●rog.  Seeing it cometh of the flowing in of sharp and putrefied humours, it is very hard to cure.  
Order the patient's diet so, 
Cure.  as his meats may be of good juice, and not sharp nor salt, his drink small. And the quantity of either spare. Open the humeral vein, if the head abound with blood, and set cups to the hinder part of the head, purge universally, cum pillulis aureis, cochijs, sine quibus, etc. And after particularly, with masticatories ex mastice & scammonio &c. Fortify also the part affected, to wit, the head, that it be not so apt to receive excrements, thitherto ascending: and this do by drying and repellent means, such as these: oleum myrthinum, ol. rosaceum, pulvis corallorum, santallorum, rosarum rub. sicc. gallarum, acaciae, myrthi, masticis, mannae thuris, etc. Of those may you make plasters, to apply all over the top of the head, being shaven: as for example this form: Rec. myrrhae, thuris, ana, ℥. i cochleas integras num. v. albuminum ovorum num. ij. cerae, q.s. misce fia● emplastrum. Apply it on a linen cloth to be worn nine days together. Of the ulcer itself consider, either as it is new, or inveterate: to provide for either case, 
For the new O●ena.  answerable medicines. Apply to the new Ozaena according to his present condition, to wit, as it is crusty, filthy or pure: fall the crust cum melle & resina, axungia gallinae, butyro, oleo violaceo, or such other. Purge and cleanse it cum melle despumato, melle rosato●colato, or, unguento AEgiptiaco, and that which is pure and clean, fill up and conglutinate cum unguent. de Thutia, or delythargirio, or lycio cum vino diluto, or a mixture ex menthae succo cum melle, ex omphacio cum melle: or, unguento ex cerussa, a●genti spuma, vino & oleo myrthino. Else thus compounded: Recipe spumae argenti, cerussae, ana, ʒ. vj● plumbi usti loti, ʒ. iij myrrhae, aloes, ana, ʒ. ij. gallarum ʒ. j. vini, ol. mirth. ana, q.s. fiat unguentum. Now, 
For the inveterate.  for the inveterate, and putrefied, which must be eaten out & scoured, ordain such devised means as follow. An unguent: Recipe omphacij, ℥. ss. malicorij, balaustiorum, ana, ʒ. iij. myrrhae, aluminis, ladani, ana, ʒ. ij. chalcitidis, aloes, cort. thuris, ana, ʒ●●● olei ros●c. ol. myrtini, ana, ℥ two cerae ru● q.s. ●iat unguentum. A fume: Reci●● ladani, hypocistidis, masticis, myrrhae, styracis, rub. calaminthae cort. thuris, sandaracae, auripigmenti rub. ana, ʒ. iij. ter●binthinae, q.s. fiant i●ochisci pro fum●. A water: Recipe balaustiorum, malicorij, ana, ●i. iij. plantaginis, caud●, equinae, pilosellae, linguae passerinae, herniariae, ana, manipulum ij. rad. bistortae, li. ss. foliorum myrthi, m.j. ●co●tu●dantur, & simul destillentur. Put to the water distilled, aluminis ℥ three and therewith wash the ulcer. To mitigate pain (if any be) use axungia gallinae, cum oleo violaceo & pauca c●ra.   

CHAP. XX. Ulcers in the ears.  
THese ulcers proceed of vicious humours, 
Causes & signs.  and are evident by their pain, putting forth of matter, etc.  
First therefore provide for the taking away of those vi●ious humours, 
Cure.  by blood letting, cupping, ligatures and frications, etc. Thin dye●, and purging medicines, and that first universally, according to the nature of the humours, and afterwards particularly, by the mouth and nostrils. By the mouth with this masticorie: Rec. theriacae veteris, ʒ. ij. staphidis agriae, pyrethri, ana, ℈ j masticis, ʒ. ss. fiant masticatoria. Let the patiented chew thereof every morning before meat. Make also a nosepurge ex succ. anagallidis, mer●urialis, maioranae, & melissae, ana, q.s. often times let the patiented snuff thereof into his nostrils. Now if the ulcer be filthy, apply thereto medicines that may cleanse and dry, and first of a gentler sort: as, Rec. aquae decoct. agrimoniae, & absynth. li.ss. vini albi, mellis ros. ana ℥ ij. instill thereof warm. Or this: Rec. succi mali punici dulc. succi poligoni, succi virgae pastoris, ana, ℥ two mellis rosati, ℥. i ss. boil them and thereof put into the ear. So may you do oleum ovorum, cum melle. Of a stronger sort (if need be) you have vnguen●um AEgiptiacum dissolved. Or, Trochisci Andronij, dissolved in vinegar. When the ulcer than is cleansed and pure, make your medicines such as may both incarn, and yet mundify withal: such as this trochiske & water following: Rec. balaustiorum, ʒ. ij aluminis, ʒ. j. atramenti sutorij, ʒ. ij. myrrhae, ʒ. j. thuris, aristochiae, gallarum, ana, ʒ. ij. salis ammoniaci, ʒ. j. excipiantur melicrato, & fiant tr●chisci. The water: Rec. succi polygoni, succi hederae, ana, ℥. i pompholygis lotae in aqua ros. & plantaginis, qs. mix them, and instill thereof into the ear. If pain do much disturb, seek to mitigate it with oleo ovorum, in mortario plumbeo diu agitato, until it become of a swartish or leadie colour, and then instill thereof into the ear.   

CHAP. XXI. Ulcers in the breast.  
FIrst for avoiding the vicious humour, 
Cure.  that is the cause antecedent, institute such a diet, both as may● be of spare quantity, as also contrary thereto in quality. It shall therefore be convenient for him to take him to rest, & to use such meat as is prescribed in the wounds of the breast. His drink let be decoctum virgae pastoris cum melle: or, aqua agrimoniae stillatitia. Empty also the body, by blood letting and purging, due consideration had to all circumstances thereto belonging. Then, for the ulcer itself, if it pierce not into the breast, you may cure it, after the manner of a simple ulcer. But if it pierce in, there is further care to be had. In this case therefore if the orifice be strait, enlarge it, & having room enough to come to your work, consider whether it be filthy and purulent, or clean. If it be filthy, first practice to cleanse it, which you may do, with this lineament: Recipe chalcanthi, ℥. i mellis rosati, ℥ ij. mis●e. Or, make iniection cum mellicrato, or oenom●lite: else thus compounded: Recipe rad. asari, ireos, gentianae, aristolochiae, ana, ℥. i agrimoniae, pentaphylli, pedis columbini, ceterach. centauree mi. hyperici, ana, manipulum j myrrhae, ℥ ss. fiat decoctio in aequis partibus aquae, & vini: & in colaturae li. ij. dissolve mellis ros. ℥ v  
An unguent: Rec. succi apij, ℥ four sulc. agrimoniae, absynthij, plantaginis, crassulae, ana, ℥ two suc●. cynoglossi, ℥. j faerinae hordei, & fabarum, ana, ℥ three mellis, ℥ four te●ebynthinae-lotae in aqu● plantaginis, ℥ two pulueris ●huris, ℥. ss. myrrhae, ℥. i olei rosati, cerae, ana, quantum sufficiat fiat unguentum.  
Thus when the ulcer is cleansed, proceed to the getting of flesh, by these means: Recipe unguenti regis, ℥ four pulu. ireos, aloes, aristolochiae, myrrhae, ana, ʒ. j. fiat unguentum. Or: Recipe pulu. radic. arundinis, & pen●e●ani, ana, ʒ. j. ss. ●huris, masticis, myrrhae, ana, ʒ. ij. pulu. ireos, aristo●ochiae, ana, ʒ. j. cortic. pini, ʒ. j. ss. unguenti comitis. ℥ ●iij. mellis ros. quantum sufficiat, fiat linimentum. If any inflammation grow, delay it with unguentum rosa●eum, etc.   

CHAP. XXII. Ulcers in the privy parte● of man.  

Causes & signs.  THese do proceed of some sharp and eating humour, etc. it is manifest to the eye.  

Cure.  To take away the antecedent cause, evacuate the vicious humor● partly by bloudletting, according to the body, and partly by medicines, according to the nature of the offending humours. The ulcer is to be dealt withal being considered in his case, as it is, of a courteous or malign kind. If it be not malign, but of tractable condition, it must be dried, cleansed, incarned, and conglutinated, as with some water, unguent, or powder following: as aqua aluminosa, or, Rec. aquae plantaginis, aquae rosarum, ana, ℥ two ir●chiscorum alb. Rhasis, ʒ. ij. misce. Another: Rec. aquae rosa●um, aquae plantaginis, ana, ℥. i floris aeris momentum, that is, gr. j vel ij. misce. therewith foment the ulcer. unguentum album cum caphura, unguentum de plur●bo: or this powder, ex cucurbita sicca usta, aristolochia: or, aloes: or this, Rec. corticis thuris, aloes lotae, myrrhae, saecocollae, gummi elemij, ana, ʒ. ss. anethi usti, ℈. i cort. pini, ℈ two thutiae praepara●ae, antimonij, plumbi usti, cerussae, ana, ʒ. j sang. draconis, ℈ two fiat pul●is. But if the ulcer be of malign condition, your engines must be of greater force against it; as if it be creeping, virulent and corrosive, your medicines must dry vehemently, like this unguent: Rec. plumbi usti & loti, ʒ. iij. lithargirij, ℥ ss. lapidis haematitis, ʒ. j. aloes, ʒ. j. ss. thutiae praeparatae, ʒ. ij. cortic. pini sicci● ℈ four sem. anethi combusti, cucurbitae siccae ustae, ana, ℈ two ol. rosati, ℥ three cerae, q.s. fiat unguentum. Another: Rec. cort. chamaem, ustae, ʒ. ij. gallarum balaustior● malicorij, acatiae, ana, ʒ. iij. aeruginis ●●●●lis, ʒ. ss. pompholigis, aloes, thuris, sarcocollae, coralli rubri, ana, ʒ. ij.ss. ol. rosati, cerae, ana, q.s. If the ulcer be putrefied, eat out the same with the powder of Mercury, or this water: Rec. aquae plantaginis, ℥ two vini albi, ℥. ss. thutiae praeparatae, aeruginis rasilis ustae, ana, ʒ. ij. buliant modicum: Therewith foment the ulcer. Another: Rec. vitrioli, aluminis crudi, ana, ℥. ss. auripigmenti, ʒ. ij. aquae plantag. & rosarum, ana, ℥ four aceti albi, li. ss. coquantur, postea, add aeruginis rasilis, ℥ three and therewith foment the ulcer. If there grow pain, appease it with unguentum populeon, mixed cumsucc● solani, plantaginis, semperuivi, farina hordei, oleo violaceo, & albumine ovi, etc.   

CHAP. XXIII. Ulcers in the privy parts and ma●rice of women.  

Causes & signs.  Vicious humour is the cause hereof. The signs of the disease and part affected are manifest.  
For the avoiding the cause antecedent, the vicious humour, set a diet consisting of meats proportionable for the nature of the humours of the body, her drink Guaiacum water, and generally a spare diet. Then come to more manifest evacuation of the matter, by blood letting, (if blood abound, and age and other circumstances consent) and purging medicines: but first preparing the humor● with this syrup: Recipe ligni sancti, ℥ four corticis eiusdem, ℥. i ss. infundan●ur, in li. iij. aquae buglossi, cichorij, & absynthij, coquantur igne lento ad medias, & in colatura dissolve, syr. de fumo terrae, li. j Let the patiented drink thereof ℥ uj morning and evening, to the end. Afterwards: Recipe polypodij, ℥. ss. passularum, ℥. ss. prunorum● sebesten, ana, par. v. tamarindorum, ʒ. iij. senae, ℥. ss. violarum, P.j. mercurialis, boraginis, ana, m.ss. fiat decoctio & in ℥ three culaturae dissolve, confect. hamech ʒ. ij electuaerij diacartami, ʒ. j. syr. ros. laxat. ℥ two fiat potio.  
Further, let him take once a week, the value of a nut of this electuary, with the decoction of Mercury: Recipe cassiae recent. extract. ℥ four tamarindorum, ℥ two pulpae prunorum & sebesten, ana, ℥. i ss. mucilaginis sem. psilij. ℥ j sennae, ℥ three anisi, ℥. ss. glycirrhizae, ●ulue●izatae, ʒ. ij. cum syr. rosarum sol. ●iat electuarium. Let your local medicines be prepared to dry, cleanse ●nd consolidate: as the waters spo●en of in the Chapter aforegoing, ●nd these injections: to wit, the first, ●onsisting ex sero lactis, cum saccharo, 〈◊〉, ex vino cum melle, or d●cocto hor●i cum syrupo rosato & melle rosato. ●nother: Recipe hordei intigri modice 〈◊〉 P.ij. corticis Guaiaci ℥. i ss. rad. ireos, ℥. j passularum, ℥. i myrabol. citrinorum, ʒ. ij● fiat decoctio in aqua fabrorum: & in li.ij. dissolve mellis ros. & syr. ros. ana, ℥ three and therewith make iniection. A third: Rec. hordei integri assati, P.j. ligni sancti, ℥ two pilosellae, m.ij ceterac. m.ij virgae, & bursae pastoris, ana, m.j. plantaginis, absynthij, ana, m.ss. malicorij ℥. i sumach. ℥. ss. ros. rub. P.j. f●at d●coctio in aqu●, in qua plumbum extinctum fuerit, & in li. iiij. dissolve mellis, ros. col. & sacchari ros. vel. syr. de rosis siccis, ana, ℥ three fiat iniectio. afterward: Rec. unguenti pompholygis, ℥ four cerussae lotae, plumbi usti loti, antimonij, ana, ℥. i aloes lotae, thuris, masticis, sang. draconis, ana, ℥. ss. ol. rosati, ℥ three cerae rubrae, ℥ two fiat linimentum, the same apply to the place upon pesses. If those ulcers take their, original from the french disease, you may then add to the same lineament h●drargyri, ℥ two If the place inflame, foment it cum decocto hordei, cum mucilagine sem. psylij, & cydoniorum, iviubarum, sebesten, cum succo plantaginis, portulacae, lact 〈◊〉, aqua rosarum, ovi albumine & zaccharo, etc. If pain arise, mitigate the same with insessions, made ex vino, in which chamomilla, melilotum, rosae, and other anodinous medicines have been boiled.  
As for ulcers of the armpits, flanks, thighs, legs, and feet, they are to be cured both by diet, purging, and local medicines, as hath been now often said.   

CHAP. XXIIII. Of virulent and corrosive ulcers.  
A Virulent ulcer is that, 
Def.  wherein virus, that is to say, a certain thin & liquid excrement, not fretting, aboundeth.  
A corrosive ulcer is that, which by eating, and sometime making an escarre, becometh greater and larger daily. And this for the most part, followeth Herpes, and itching pustules.  
The cause is a choleric, 
Causes & signs.  sharp and adusted humour. The signs are manifest enough out of the definition.  
For the avoiding of the antecedent cause, 
Cure.  for which you must first labour, seek to evacuate the sharp inflowing choleric humour, (by order of diet and medicines) both from his bounds, whence it cometh, and also from the point, where it settleth. And first for his order of life, let the scope of it be cooling and drying. And so it shallbe convenient, that the party have great quiet both in mind and body, that his meat be of barley, or almond milk, chickens, partridges, small birds, etc. with these herbs: spinach, endive, suckerie, lettuce, etc. For drink, barley water, or such other: and in all his diet, let the quantity be spare. Open a veined if the body abound with blood, and age and strength be answerable. Prepare and concoct the humour with some of these syrupes, given with appropriate waters: oxysa●chara, syrupus acetosus, syr. violarum, syr. de endivia, syr. de papavere. Afterwards purge with cassia, manna, diacatholicum, elect. de succo rosarum, confectio hamech. syr. rosarum sol. syr. persicorum lax. Or thus you may ordain your purging medicines: Recipe cas●iae ʒ. uj. elect. de succo rosarum, ʒ. ij● confect. hamech. ʒ.ss. cum zaccharo f●● bolus. Or thus in form of potion● Rec. florum boraginis, vi●larum, ana, P.j. rad. cichorij, ℥ ss. passularum, ℥. ss. polypodij, glycirrh●zae, ana, ʒ. ij. prunorum par. v, sebesten, ℥. ss. rhabarbari, ʒ. iij. agarici ʒ. j. ss. sennae, ʒ. x. spicae indicae, ʒ. j. salis gemmae, ʒ. ss. zinzibris, ʒ. j. coqu●n●●r in s.q. aquae, and make thereof a potion for twice, adding thereunto sir, ros s●l. ℥ two Defend in the mean time, the place, with unguentum de bolo armeno, etc. If the humour come thither as drawn and sucked in● by the part itself, make revulsion by blood letting, or cupping, with frications and ligatures, on the contrary part. All the local medicines, appliable in this case, must be of property, cold & dry, astringent and discutient: aswell for the drying up, and spending of the inherent humour, as for the beating back of the fluent. Of which nature are these simples: plantago solanum, summitates rubi, consolida, f●li● ulmi, & papaveris, folia & fructus cydoneorum, & myrthi, lentes, balaus●ia, aca●i● malicorum, galla, ●mphacitis, bolus arm●nus, terra sigillata, nuclei myra bolanorum, cortex thuris, mastix, metallica omnia usta ac lota, etc. of which things you may contri●e both waters, unguents, cerotes, etc. at your liking: and as here following shallbe plenteously set down, for your ready address. 
Calm. li. 3. cap. x.  But here some first apply pulverem Mercurij, to take away the corrosion and malice of the ulcers letting it lie to a whole day, and applying aloft thereon, unguentum de minio, till the ulcer be well qualified. After that wash the ulcer, and parts about it, either with the alumined water, spoken of, in the cure of the malign ulcer, or else with one of these waters following: Rec succi rubi, succi virgae pastoris, succi plantaginis, suc. solani, acetosae, sumach. ana, ℥ iij. albumina ovorum. numero sex, aluminis triti, ℥ four distil them in a leaden still. Or, Recipe cer●●ssae, lithargiri, ana, ℥. i plumbi usti, ℥. ss. lapidis calaminaris, ℥. ss. boli arment, ℥. i ss. sanguinis draconis, terrae sigillatae, ana, ℥. i aluminis combusti, ℥. ss. calicum glandium, gallarum viridium, baccarum myrthi, psidiae, balaustiae, sumach. ana, manipulum j coriandri, sem. plantaginis, ana, ℥. ss. rosarum rub. P.ij. coquantur in aqua fabrorum suffit. quant. And when they have all well settled, wash and foment the ulcer therewith. You may also add honey thereto for cleansing sake.  
Another: Recipe aquae plantaginis & rosarum, ana, ℥ three aluminis, ℥ two zacchari, ℥. i coquantur donec alumen & zaccharum liquefiant, and therewith wash the ulcer. If you put to it mellis ℥. i it shallbe profitable to cleanse. Another: aquae plantaginis, ℥ uj sublimati, ʒ. j. sa●is ammoniaci, ʒ. j ss. salis communes, ʒ. ij. aluminis, ʒ. j. coquantur in phiala vitrea ad consumptionem quartae partis. And be it free to the artist, to choose among these, this or that, whichsoever he shall think fittest for his turn. After washing the ulcer, use thereunto one of these unguentes following, to wit, unguentum de plumbo, or de minio, or rubrum cum caphura, album cum caphura, or, the pomph●lyge: or, Recipe unguenti de plumbo, ℥ two unguenti populeonis. ʒ.ij. succi plantaginis, ʒ. j. alb. ovi, numero j mix them in a leaden mortar. Or: Recipe thutiae praeparatae ℥. ss. plumbi usti & loti, cerussae, lotae, ana, ℥. i nutriantur in mo●●ario plumbo cum aqua plantaginis, deinde a●de boli armeni, terrae ●igillatae, ana ʒ. ij. ol. rosati, ●erae albae a●●a, q.s. or, Rec. lethargy, ℥ three ol. ros. aceti, ana, q.s. cerussae parum, misce. 
Cal● li. 3. cap. x.  It shall be better also to add plumbum in vino albo maceratum. Whereto also if you join nucem cupressi, thutiam, bauracem, aes ustum, & antimonium, you sh●ll make it available for ulcers that are hard to be cicatrized. Or do it thus: Rec. ol. ros. myrthini, ana, ℥ two succi plantaginis, ℥. j suc●i ●lymenon depurati, ℥. ij.ss. s●uihircini, ℥. i ss. aluminis usti, ʒ. j. li●● a●gy●i auri & argenti, ana, ℥ j scoriae serri, ʒ. ●j. puluerizentur ac simul coquantur ires horas, deinde add cerae albae, ℥ j ●erebynthinae ʒ. uj. mercurij ex arte extincti, ʒ. iij. caphurae, ℈. i aerugi●is ras ℥. i fiat unguentum: Rec. cerussae, lethargy, boli arneni, terrae sigillatae, lapidis calamina●is ana, ℥. i santali albi & rub. baccarum myrthi, ros. rub. ana, ʒ. ij. sem. papaueri● mandragorae, hyos●ia●●, ana, ʒ. j. ol ros. & violati ana, ℥ three cerae albae, ℥ three caphurae, ℈. i fiat cera●um. Recipe ol. ros. ol. myrthini, ana, ℥ two succi ●lymenon, ℥ four succ. plantaginis, ℥ ij. ping. vituli, ℥ j ss. fol. caprif●lij, & clymenon, ana, manipulum j boil them to the consumption of the juices, than put thereto, li●hargyri, ℥ two minij, ℥. i caphurae, ʒ. j. masticis, ℥. ss. cerussae, antimonij, plumbi usti, ana, ʒv. cerae albae. q.s. fia● ceratum. Very available is it likewise ●o steep plates of lead, for certain days, in alumined water, after rub them over cum argento vivo, and pierce them with holes, and so apply them. If the ulcer cannot be overcome by these means, but still fretteth out, and creepeth further: then come to your cautery actual, or potential. Your potential, you may thus provide: Recipe sublimati ʒ. ij.ss. unguenti populeonis, vel diachylonis, ʒ. j. misce. Else with sublimate and unguentum album. Using then, after the removing of the escarre, unguentum de pompholyge, or some of these unguents aforesaid.   

CHAP. XXV. Of the filthy and putrefied ulcer.  

Def.  A Filthy and putrefied ulcer, is that, which through his malicious nature, putrefieth the member, shedding out from it, either viscosity, soft flesh: or a stinking crust, from which vapoureth a filthy and carrennish fume. 
Frandulent ulcer.  Such an ulcer is also called fraudulent. But if it go forward in his malice, and fall a creeping, it degenerateth into sphacelus. It cometh commonly after a Carbuncle, or anthrax, or some abcesse, or wound evil handled.  

Causes & signs.  The cause is, sanguine humour depraved, thick and boiling. The part affected is manifest, and the signs of the ulcer are evident by the definition.  

Prog.  If the malice of this ulcer grow walkeripe, that is, fall a creeping, it turneth to Sphacelus, and so to the death of the party.  

Cure.  First, the sanguine humour, which is thick and boiling, and hath gotten a certain venimousnes and malignity, is to be evacuated by bloudletting, diet, and purging medicines, as is before set down in the cure of phlegmon, Carbuncle and Gangraene. Then that in the part affected is to be cleansed, and done away, by medicines, such as, farina hordei, fabarum, cicerum, orobi, lupinorum, iris, apium, aristolochia, hypericum, centaurium minus, gentiana, marrubium, mel. aqua mulsa, aqua marina, lixivium, etc. Wash therefore the filth away, with water and honey, or wine & honey, or with aqua marina: or a lee made ex ℥ four cineris caulium, & corticis fabarum, cum aquae plwiae li.j. or, ex lixivij ℥ four mellis ℥. i & pulueris praecipita●i ʒ. ij. afterward apply either some usual unguent or plaster: 
Cal. li. 3. cap. 11.  as namely, unguent. de resina, ung. fuscum, apostolorum, de gummi, de pompholyge cum puluer● mercurij, AEgiptiacum, Empl. de gratia dei, Empl. divinum, rubrum Graecum etc. or, one of these following: Rec. su●ci apij. mellis, ana, ℥ iiij. terebynthinae, ℥ two ireos. ʒ.uj. fa●inae hordei, ʒ. iij. fiat unguentum, or Rec. succi absynthij, apij, plantag. ana ℥ two far. hordei, orobi, ana, ℥. i ss. terebynthinae, ℥. i mellis ℥ iij. myr●hae, ʒ. iij. fiat unguentum: or, Recipe succi centaurij minoris, ℥ .v. succi apij, ℥ i●●. succi plantaginis, ℥ two mellis, li.ss. te●●bynthinae ℥ two farinae hordei, & orobi, ana, ℥ two ireos, ℥. ss. fiat unguentum ● and for a plaster thus: Rec. galbani, opoponacis, b●●ellij, ammoniaci, ana, ℥. i cerae novaeli. j. ol. rosati li.ij. resinae ℥ three lethargy auri. li.j ss. olibani, myrrhae, al●es, thuris, masticis, aristolochiae rot. ana, ℥ j ss. styracis calami●ae. ℥ ss. succi betonicae, verbenae, caprefolij, plan●aginis, pimpinellae, c●noglosse, ana, ℥ j lapidis haematitis, ʒ. ij. aruginis rasilis, ℥. i fiat Emplastrum.  

Calm ibid.  Now if the ulcer fall to putrefying wash it in oxycra●o or muria, and then form a plaster to it, ex carnibus piscium sa●sorum, farina crobi, aristolochi●●●nga, scylla, & mel. in vino coct. Or apply unguentum AEgyptiacum, which to a deep ulcer, you may use by way of iniection, dissolving the same in lixi●●●, vino & melle, or the aforesaid decoction. Excellent also is Auicenes' unguent thus compounded: Recipe tragacanthirub. ℥. i calcis vi●ae, alu●inis, malicorij, ana, ʒ. uj. thuris, gallarum, ana, ℥. ss. cerae, olei, ana, q.s. fia● unguentum: observing always, that whilst the vehementer sort of mundificatives are used, you apply some defend●nge medicines about the borders of the ulcer, as unguentum de bolo, and beds or stuphes wet in oxycrato, for the avoiding of inflammation. But if the ulcer yet more and more, eat upon the borders and parts adjoining to it, it is requisite then, to use the medicines proper to the malign ulcer. And sometime incision, to take away that which is putrefied and corrupt. Else a cauterizing iron, or some sharp medicine, such as ●rochiscus asphodeli, de arsenico: or this caustic following, (which will mightily pierce in one hours space, and procure less pain than arsenicum sublimatum.) Rec. calcis vivae, li.ij. cineris ilicis, caulium fabarum, ac tartari, ana, li.j. soldae ex qua si● vitrum, li.ss. axungiae vitri, quar●. j cum capitello ex quo fit sapo. Let them stand seven days mixed together: after● boil them to the hardness of a stone, or a sufficient thickness and dryethe: you may add also (if you list) saponis mollis, ℥. j and this is profitable, not only to the consuming of ●lesh, but of fistulous hardness also.  
Hear likewise may you have use of the sublimate Water, set down in the Chapter aforegoing. or make a medicine in solid form, appliable on tents, as followeth: Recipe terebynthinae lotae, ℥. ss. cerae albae, ʒ. ij. liquesiant simul, deinde add sublimati, ℥. i move then till they be cold. Or, 
●alm ibid.  Recipe sublimati ℥. j sanguinis draconis, ℥ two fiat pulvis, which straw upon the ulcer: or receive it with lint upon your probe, and therewith touch the ulcer, which also you may do to a bleeding vein: for it is a caustic, and astringent medicine. Many things also may be here in use, that are written in the Chapter aforegoing. And if further proceeding be yet required, go on to the cure of Gangraena, & Spacelus.   

CHAP. XXVI. Of a deep and hollow banked ulcer.  
Deep, cunnivaulted, or cavernous ulcers, 
Def.  are those, which having strait orifices outward, and large scope & profundity inward, make many turnings and fouldinge, out of sight: some straight, some crooked: yet without hardness or callous growing.  
They come commonly of apostemes not opened in dew time, 
Causes & Signs.  or wounds unartificially handled. The reason is this, that matter which is retained longer time, in a ripe apostume then is meet, becometh sharp and fretting, and so (at length) worketh corners and cavities to itself, which are very hardly healed. For to the affected part, which now is become weak, will all superfluous humours both of the next parts, and of the whole body, flow, and by that means, the ulcer become hardly curable. The ulcers hollowness is discernible by diligent sounding the same, either with tents or probes of silver or lead: or small stalks or roots of herbs, or wax candles: else certain coloured injections.  
The goodness, 
Prog.  and little quantity of sanies, or pus, with the vanishing of pain & swelling, which first were present, show the hollowness to fill with flesh and be glutinated: or contrariwise.  
Appoint a slender diet, according to the nature of the body, 
Cure.  & humours. And purging medicines after the like rate. If there be any distemperature, phlegmon, Erysipelas, or pain, first remove them. For unless the symptoms be first done aways the ulcers cavity cannot be filled up. For it cannot be, that either the growing of flesh, or joining of cavities, or inducing of cicatrices, cann● be rightly performed, unless the subject flesh come first to his natural state and condition. And how these accidents may be removed, you shall observe out of the curation of wounds. If the hollowness of the ulcer reach downward, and the orifice be above, either make incision from the orifice to the bottom (which is best to do when the hollow runneth by the skin) or at lest make a vent in the bottom, if it be perilous to do otherwise. But the best is always, (if nothing gain stand it) to dissect the hollowness throughout, rather than to make incision on the other side of the hollow. For so shall the ulcer be brought to healing both easilier and sooner. The cavity being all laid open, by applying then, fit medicines, on your lintes and plageates, so purge and dry the whole hollowness, that at the length, flesh may grow again, the cavity be filled, & the ulcer brought to perfect soundness: after the order set down in the chap. of deep and hollow wounds. But if you make your incision on the other side of the hollowenesse, suffer first some sufficient store of matter to gather together in the bottom of the cavity, to the making of the skin both thinner, and ●agging outward: as also for the eas●er conveying of a probe into the bottom. Now let your probe be smooth, & anointed with some unctuous thing having an eye in the hinder end, like a needle, to carry with it a ceton, made of hemp, or some slender cloth, or ●auft band. After incision, appease the pain that groweth, & flux of blood, with the white of an egg, & such other helps as serve to the suppressing of blo●di profusion. After this again, when need requireth, put in a fresh ceton, armed with some mundifying medicine: which you shall the aptlier do, by tying, or stitching it to the old, when it is plucked out. Otherwise, if neither the cavity can commodiously be cut forth, nor yet opened in the bottom: yet then have you cure for it, by mundifying, incarnative, and glutinative medicines: thus, first mundify it with injections, made ex oxymel. 
* * A mixture of wine and honey.  oenomelite, vino astringenti, aqua alluminosa, melle, lixivio, aqua marina, pulvere mercurij, etc. or thus: R●. aquae plantaginis, aquae peculi ros. aquae caprifolij, ana, ℥ two ung. aegyp●iaci, ℥. i ss. fiat iniectio. Another: Recipe aquae plantaginis, aquae peculi ros. ana, ℥ four vini albi, ℥ two aluminis usti, ℥. ss. baccarum myrthi, aloes, ana, ʒ. j. misc● fiat iniectio. A third: Rec. hordei integri. P. j● ss. ceterac, agrimoniae, ana, m.j. centaurij minoris, absynthij, ana, m.ss. coquantur in melicrato & fiat iniectio. or dissolve unguentum aegyptiacum in lixivio & melle. Thus when the ulcer is sufficiently purged, and made meet for filling with flesh and glutination, use these means: Recipe hordei, P.j. rad. ireos, fol. olivae, plantaginis, agrimoniae, ana, m.ss. coquantur in aqua, & colaturae li. ss. dissolve mellis ros. ℥ two myrrhae ʒ. ij.ss. thuris, masticis, ana, ʒ. j. fiat iniectio. Another: Rec. decoctionis hordei, li.j. mellis ros. col. ℥ three sarcocollae ʒ. ij. myrrhae, thuris, ana, ʒ. j. vini, ℥ uj coquantur ad tertias, quibus interaum aliquid aloes, addi potest. An unguent. Recipe farinae hordei, farinae lupinorum, ana, ℥. i mellis, ℥ four thuris, masticis ana, ʒ. ij. myrrhae, ℥. ss. terebynthinae lotae, ℥. i ss. ol. hyperici, q.s. fiat ung. for plaster you may use, de minio, apostolorum or Diachalciteos, etc. or else this: Rec. nitri tenuissime●triti, ℥ three aquae rosarum, ℥. ij.ss. coquantur simul lento igne ad crassitiem, semper agitando: postea add terebynthinae, ol. veteris, ana, ℥ three cerae, q.s. fiat ceratum. There may be applied in this case, hollow tents of lead, with bolsters, and an expressing kind of ligature, a piece of sponge being laid in the orifice: by which means, the matter being partly pressed and partly sucked forth, the ulcer may be kept drier. In the mean time, it shall not be amiss, to fortify the parts round about● with some medicine, partly repellent & partly discutient: as this following decoction. Rs. calamenthi, origani, saluiae, ma●●icariae, absynthij, rorismarini, ana, m.j. chamom. stechados, ros. rub. ana, P.j. nuces cupressi x. salis, ℥ two aluminis, ʒ. x. mellis li.j. coquantur in lixivio et vino austero adtertias, et fiat fotus. else take other astringent medicines, as sumac. plantag. ballast. rosas, myrt. and boil them in wine to that purpose.   

CHAP. XXVII. Of a fistula.  
A fistula is a narrow, 
Def.  long, and callous grown cavity, little painful, and for the most part, following apostemes unartificially handled.  
It cometh of evil humours, especially phlegmatic & melancholic, 
Causes & Signs.  etc. What part is taken therewith, by sight & search, it is easily discovered. Signs are● callous, growings, horrible virulency, little pain, etc.  
A fistula if it have hurt some bone, 
Prog.  cartilege, sinew, or muscles: or if it occupy a joint: or have pierced to the bleddar, lungs, matrice: or to the great veins or arteries: or to the empty spaced parts, such as the throat, stomach, or breast, it is pernicious. And those are always perilous also, that tend to the guts. A fistula in the fundament, lurking without an orifice, or that hath manifold turnings, or endeth in the bone, is hardly healed. A fistula manifold wise creeping, with many turning corners and crooked windings, is cured only by the hand. If a fistula pierce deeper, then that a colliery can be sent into it, it is curable only by handy operation.  
First the cause of the fistula, 
Cure.  to wit, hurtful humours hindering the healing of it, are to be diminished and taken away, partly by diet, partly by preparing and purging medicines, according to the nature of the humours. Secondly the inner ꝑts must be strengthened as by these potio●s, devised for that purpose: 1. Recipe agrimoniae parts iij. plantag. parts, ij. fol. olivae, part● j scindantur minutim & contundantur: postea in vino albo coquantur, & fiat colatura, whereof let the patient take ℥ i ss. every morning, 2. Recipe of mundae regalis (which with Dioscorides, is filix mas) scrophula●iae ana, part. j agrimoniae, centaurij minoris, ana, parts ij. aristolochiae, gentianae, ana, part. ss. rad. filicis part. j philipendulae part. ij. coquantur in vin● albo, addendo sacchari, q.s. And give of that decoction every morning, ℥ i ss. you may add Guaiacum also to the same decoction, and after the callus of the fistula is taken away, it shall avail to use Guaiacum sodden in wine or water, having regard to the patient's strength, and humours and even as you covet to make it more or less drying. Thirdly the fistula itself is to be dealt withal: and first if it be strait and narrow orificed, it must be enlarged, with a tent of gentian, or the trochises de minio, or ex radice brioniae. or dracunculi ● or a sponge thus prepared: Recipe cerae, resinae ana, ℥. i sublimati, ʒ. j. liquescat cera cum resina, postea add sublimatum, soak your sponge in that mixture, and by and by pluck it out, lest it burn, then diligently press it. After this, root out the callousnesse, either by medicines, or handy operation. Simple medicines to that end are, auripigmentum rubrum, sublimatum, aqua sublimata, arsenicum, spondilij radix, veratrum nigrum, elaterium, laserpi●ij succus etc. compound are, troachis●i asphodeli● trochis. de arsenico, aqua alchymistarum, or this iniection: Recipe ung. aegyptiaci ℥. ss. sublimati, ʒ●ss. arsenici, ℈. i lixivij. ℥. i aquae rosarum, ℥ two aquae plantag. ℥ four coquantur ad tertias: make therewith iniection three days: and ever after iniection, close up the orifice with wax, or bombast, that the same abiding within, may work the better, and consume the fistula. The handy operation to be performed in this case, is either incision only, without cautery, or else incision and cautery together. The incision done alone, is to be followed all along the hollow, to the very bottom of the fistula: after which you must take out the callous, either with your nails, or instruments, so as the place, may be left pure and clean from all filthiness & quick & perfect flesh every where appear: & this is the true cure of the fistula: which must be done by and by in the beginning, if nothing let. Incision and cautery together is thus to be done, if nerves or arteries forbid not. First try, whether the fistula run right forward, or crooked, by searching with a probe o● wax candle: if you find it lie shallow, and narrow: make it more evident, with your probe holding in it, and in good order, cut it along with your incision knife. If there be many turnings or windings, those prosecute in like sort, with probe and knife. Now when you are come to the end of the fistula, fill all the ulcer, so, with tents, or lintes, dippeth in the white of an egg, as the lips of it may be kept asunder for going together again. The day following, burn the place, either with hot iron, or caustic: to wit, cum pulvere asphodelorum, vel arsenico, vel hydrar●yro, or other such like. But if the fistula lie not shallow, but tendeth just inwards, when you have made, first, your incision, as deep as can be, and as is lawful to go, if it be possible take away the callousnesse round about, as was said even now: and if any of it be left behind, waste it afterward with some burning medicine. If much callous have remained, and will not give place to such medicines, burn it with hot irons. Observing always, by the way, to lay aloft, and round about the place, things that may cool and beat back. And thus the fistula being burned, and dried, as it aught, must be attended the first days following, with some mitigatorie medicine: as oleo cum oui luteo mixto. After that, applying those things, that may lose the crust: such as butter or other like. When callus is gone, mundify the ulcer with putting in of aqua mulsa, or cum decoctione erui cum melle: then applying this unguent: Rs. terebynthynae in aqua vitae ablutae, ℥ iij. succi ap●j, suc. cynoglossae, ana, ʒ. uj. mellis ros. col. ℥. i ss. aristolochiae rotundae, ʒ. ij. farinae lupinorum, ℥. ss. coquantur succi & terebyntina cum melle rosac. usque ad consumpt. medietatis succorum deinde reliqua misecantur. else mundificati●um ex api●, or such other may serve. When the ●istula shall be pure and clean, then use medicines to increase and fill up with flesh: such as cinis rad. liliorum crematarum, or this powder: R●. rad. chamaeleon●is nigri, cor●ici● pini, thuris masculi● aristolochiae longae, ana, part. aequale●, fiat pulvis: a colliery to that purpose is thus made: Rec. aquae vitae, ℥ two vini maluat. ℥. i mellis ros. ʒ.x. myrrhae, rad. peucedani ●●●●ae, ●na, ʒ. ij. sarcocollae, aloes, ana, ʒ. j. ss. misc●antur, & coquantur unica bulli●ione, and hereof iniecte into the fistula with a syringe. another: Rec, squammae aeris, aeruginis, ammoniaci, thymiamatis, ana, parts aequale●. ex aceto terito, & pastillum conflato: hereof fashion tents according to the fistula, and apply then an unguent to enca●ne make thus, Rs. terebynthinae in aqua vitae lotae, ℥ three succi apij, & cynoglossae, ana, ʒ. uj. mellis ros. col. ℥. i ss. fiat decoctio ad consm. medieta●●s, postea add aristolochiae rot. ʒ.ij. farinae lupini, ℥. ss. radic. peucedani, rad. ireos, myrrh●, sarcocollae, ana, ʒ. j. misce.   

CHAP. XXVIII. Cancer exulcerate.  
A Cancer exulcerate is a round ulcer, 
Def.  horrible, stinking, with lips both thick and harde● knotty, turned inward, strutting upward, and hollow banked in colour blackish and obscure, with veins in the circuit of the ulcer, full of melancholy blood.  
It cometh of melancholic humours, 
Causes & signs.  and of wounds or ulcers evil handled. Signs are, pain, hardness, swelling: the ulcer as it were gnawed, v●euen● filthy, swart colour, and stinking. The matter of it thin, waterish, black or yellow, evil savouring.  
A cancer that is in the veins, 
Prog.  sinews and bones, is hardly cured. An aged cancer, and such as hath got a habit in the member, is uncurable. So also is a cancer hidden in the interior parts.  
First take away the melancholic humour, 
Cure.  by diet, bloudletting, and purging, like as is afore set down, in the hidden, or not exulterate cancer. Then for the cancer itself, if it be external, and superficially rooted, fetch it out, root and all, with instruments or caustic medicines: to wit, cut it wholly away, with an incision kniffe, and press the thick blood, out of all the veins near to it, that it may flow forth. After again join the lips of the ulcer, and go forward to cure it as another ulcer. Some consume it with a cautery. And others, after the cutting and pressing out the blood, apply also a cautery, with caustic medicines it may be done: as cum arsenico sublimato. But then the places about it, must be defended, with an unguent de bolo, for avoiding inflammation. After procure the casting of the escar: and so proceed in the cure, as in other ulcers. Now if the cancer ulcerate, be in some inner part, deeply rooted, and near a principal part, so as it cannot be cured, yet then at the lest, we may use means to hinder his increase: as letting blood, if nothing hinder, and using such a diet as may engender good blood: to wit, barley cream, whey, birds flesh, stone fishes, mallows, arrage, beets, cucumbers, a little wine and that watered. But sharp meats, much filling● etc. hurt. Let his purging medicines be such, as in the exulcerate cancer. His local medicines drying but without all biting: such as, succu●●olani, or ace●osae, aqua s●lani, acetosae, plantaginis, plumbum, antimonium, ●l●um sulphuris, unguent. ●lbum, de lithargyro, unguent. de plumbo &c. vinum in which tapsus barbatus is sodden. or you may artificially prepare them, like these following: a water: Rec. succi solani, succi semperuivi, succi acetosae, succi sc●biosae, succi caprifol●j, succi tapsi barbati, succi scrophulariae, succi philipendulae, succi linariae, succi agrimoniae ana, li.ss. succi omphacij, li.j. carnis limacum, carnis ranarum, carnis cancrorum, ana, li.ss. albuminum ovorum numero, vj. aluminis, ℥ three caphurae, ʒ. j. distillentur omnia in alembico plumbeo, and therewith foment the place. An unguent: Recipe cerussae ustae & quinquies in aqua rosaceo lo●●, ℥. i plumbi usti, & loti. ℥. i thutiae praepara●ae, ℥. ss. lethargy n●●ri●i, ʒ. iij. suc. solani, semperuivi, hyoscya mi, ana● ℥. j lactis sem. papaveris cum aqu● ros. extracti ℥ two lactis mulieris ℥. i olris ros. ℥ four cerae albae, ℥. i misce. another: Rec. ung pompholyg. ℥. i ss. ung albi, lithargiri, plumbi usti, & loti, ana, ℥. ss. succi scabiosae, solani, ana, ℥ two ol. omphacini vel de ranis, ℥ four fiat ung. in mo●t●rio plumbeo. A third: Recipe thutiae praepara●ae, cerussae lotae, plumbi loti, lethargy loti, coriandri praeparati, amyli, ana, ℥. ss. cerae albae, ℥ two ol. ros. vel de ramis, li. j mucilag. sem. psilij cum succo s●abi●sae, her●● Roberti, linariae, thaps● barbati extractae, ℥ three misce. A fourth: Recipe plumbi usti & lo●●, ʒ. iij. antimonij loti ʒ. ij. pompholygis, ℈ four cerussae ʒ. j. ss. caphurae ʒ. j. lapidis haemati●is ℈ two utriusque corallij, ana, ℈ two cineris cancrorunʒ. ij. succi plantag. & solani, ana, ℥ two ol. ros. vel de ranis q.s. fiat linimentum in mortario plumbeo.  
There are some more particular ulcers, which might here be handled, which I would also have done by way of supply, as in other places, save that my book of ulcers, already extant, can well deliver ●ee of so much labour, for that point.    

The fourth book entreating of fractures and dislocations.  

CHAP. I. Of fr●ctures.  
A Fracture is division 
Def.  or breaking of a bone, by means of some outward violence, done unto the part.  
Causes are, 
Causes & signs.  things of weight falling on the place, or falling of the party from high, and such other ways, as the patient can best declare unto you. Whether the fracture be overthwart or longwayes, you shall thus discern. If it be overthwart, the parts of the bone in feeling, do seem in that place, several, and disjoined: the figure of the member is unequal. The part is full of pain when it is touched: and when the member is moved and diversely handled, the bones make a noise and crackling. If it be longwayes: the parts in handling, is to be perceived more than naturally thick, with pain, and unevenness, the other signs being awa●e.  

Prog.  The arm, and cubitte bones: as also the thighs, legs, and finger bones, are not dangerous: if they be broken in their midst. But the nearer the fracture is to the head (be it upper or neither) of the bone, so much the worse is it judged. If a rib be wholly brooken, the case is hard. A fracture in the nostrils is the worse, when the breach of the bone, or gristle, is accompanied with a wound in the skin. In a fracture of the skull these things foretell of evil: to wit, the membran unmovable, black, swart, or otherwise evil coloured, loss of the wits, sharp vomit, resolution or else distension of the nerves: blackish flesh, and stiffness of the jaws and neck. A simple transuerse fracture is most tolerable. A s●ope fracture with lose fragments, is worse: but a sharp pointed worst of all. A fracture with pain, or inflammation, or contusion of the flesh, is evil: for that it cannot be restored, till those accidents be first removed. And if a wound be in the flesh also, the case is evil: specially if it be in the muscles of the thigh or shoulder bone. Agglutination of bones, in a declining age, choleric persons, and recovering health, is most difficult: but in decrepitte and very aged ones, impossible. Moreover, a fracture the elder it is, so much the worse it is. The skull asketh xxx. days to be joined in. the arm & leg (if they be rightly handled) about xl. the cubit is knit for the most part, in xxx. days. The bone of the nose broken, joineth in viii. or ten days space. A rib souldreth in xxj. days. The jaw, and cannell bone, between xiv. and xxj. days. The shoulder bone humerus, and the thighs, between xxvij. and xl. days.  

Cure.  Your patiented being placed, according as his case requireth, appoint two ministers to apply their hands to the fracture, one above, another beneath it, which may by pulling the member, one upward, another downward, or the one to the right hand, the other to the left ward: in just order, join again the broken parts of the bone, and fit them to their natural fashion and placing. If you stand in need of more force, or stronger stretching, prepare large tyals of strong linen, which being fastened above and beneath the ●racture, with two assistants, one drawing one way, another another way, pull out the member as much as you need: taking heed that you make not over violent extension in the member, specially in drier bodies, jest vehement pain, fevers, convulsion and resolutions be procured. Beware also, that in the stretching of the member, none of the outstrouting bones be broken, which would make ●he cure more difficult to perform. when the member therefore is somewhat more than naturally stretched out, apply your hands then to the fracture, and couch the bones in their places again: after let those that stretch the member let go their hands by little and little, till the member be again returned to his length. And thus you shall know whether the bones be right: if the pain do slack, and the sense of pricking vanish. Hypocrates in his book of fractures, teacheth another kind of setting, by the instrument called glossocomium: which is done, like as, by the sentence of a judge, torments stretch upon the rack, suspected persons: notwithstanding that this other wai is both more easy and familiar. After now the bones are couched in their places again, let your study be, so to retain and keep them. Anoint therefore all the member cum ol. rosaceo warm, or ol. myrthino or mastichino, sprinkling thereupon ex pulvere mas●icis. After, Rec. boli armeni, terrae sigilla●●, farin● v●latilis, ana partes aequales, excipiantur alhuminibus ●uorum, and upon thin stupes, orderly plaited, and wet in water and vinegar and wrounge out, apply it: laying again aloft on them, a cloth wet in water and vinegar: this done, with a sauft firm roll, wonde up at both ends, and wet in water and vinegar. fetch iij. or iiij. turns about the fracture: after that, dispose one end upward, and the other downward, but reducing the lower end, to the upper part again. And for that cause, provide in the beginning, that, that end of the roll, that goeth downwards, be so much longer than tother. As for the length & breadth of the roll, that is always to be ordained ꝓportionable to the greatness of the fracture & member. In the mean time, look that your binding be neither to slack, nor to strait. For the one doth no good, to the retaining of the bones in their places, the other causeth pain & inflammation prohibiteth nourishment & vital spirit to be communicated to the member & hindereth the evaporation of excrements● yet most strait of all must the ligature be in the place of the fractur: which to be so, you shall, ꝑtly by your own handing● partly by the ꝑties' feeling, understand. After rolling, apply also your splentes (although Hypocrates & other ancients apply not than till the 7. day) not in such sort as that they may constrain or bind the part (for so they should either stir up, or maintain pain & swelling in the part:) but only as they may contain the me●e position of the member, and underset the bones on each side, restored to their places. In the beginning therefore apply splents, but not too straightly, till the time that fear of pain & inflammation be passed: & then tie them straighter. see your splents be smooth & even plained of thin woode● or pasteboard, or hid● leather. Some in steed of splentes, use barks of trees but they are not sufficient establishment for the bones. if for the inequality of the member, splents cannot be applied, the hollow disuantaged places must be filled up, with beds, and boulstring clotheses for that purpose: and so the splents being leapt in will or flax, must be bound about the fracture, one a finger distance from another, so, as they may not slip their placest shunning to touch a joint with them, and specially the inner bowing of it. Moreover, when you have bound up the member, in order, provide for the fit placing of it: which is that, that is most void of pain, and answerable to the natural and accustomed figure, and wherein the patient may longest endure it. Galen calleth that the rightest figure, which hath the veins, arteries and muscles rightest. The cornered figure is rightest to the arm. Therefore to the conservation of the rolled member, some few (most closely) straw in a linen cloth, and making thereof as it were a bed, do place and tie the member therein. Others make a case fit For it, after the same manner. If thus then it go forward, so as neither pain, inflammation, itching, ulcer, nor other symptom molest, and the fracture itself is rightly restored, then aught both the bindings and splents ●o abide until the xv. day: fomenting the member mean while, round about it, cum ol. myrtino, & mastichino. Profitable also is it, if you apply (especially the first days) a defensive to the upper part of the member. Then after ●x. days, lose the bindings: foment the part, cum vino decoctionis absynthij & rosarum, cum sale, and again, fo● other seven days, use the same medicines as before. After which time also, foment the place as is now said, but apply Emplastrum oxycroceum upon it. By these means, shall nature join again the broken bones (like as sometime also without medicines) which she doth by engendering a callous substance, 
Callus.  betwixt the broken parts, whereby they a●e glued together again. The same callous ariseth from the nourishment of the bone, and is therefore better helped by diet fitt● for that purpose. Let the patiented therefore use meats of good juice, and which can nourish much, (unless there be a wound) and which may also engender thick & cleaving juices: for such are fit to make this soldier. And such are these, to wit, rice, wheat, the extremes and entrails of beasts, chief of the kid, and wether. In the beginning let his diet be but slender, abstaining from wine and flesh, till the tenth day, at which time callus beginneth to engender. When a fracture is in the lower parts of the body, seldom move the belli●, neither with clysters, nor purging medicines, but sometime open a vain to stay the defluxion. Thus much of a simple fracture: now if it be complicate, as with contusion or wound, then must you also observe to do further, then hitherto hath been said. As if there be a contusion withal, your ligature shall not be as aforesaid, but as Hippochrates counseleth; your roll must run from either side of the contusion, slopewise along, after the fashion of the Greek letter 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉, that the contused place may remain uncovered, so as you may always come to dress it, not unrowling the member. After the same manner shall you do, if there be a wound: providing first, if there be any lose bones, that prick, to take them forth in the beginning.  
Hippochr. cureth a fracture with a wound, the same way, as that without a wound, save that he makes his binding loser, in the place of the wound, then if there were none. He useth also more rollers, because he rolleth looselier. Also he cometh not so soon to the use of his splents, & appointeth a slenderer diet. Now if any symptom arise, or the fracture proceed not rightly, Hippochr. willeth to unrowle the member every ●●irde day, and so to deal with the symptom. 
Symptoms.  The symptoms which commonly cumber are these: unproportionable growth of Calius, pain, inflammation, ytchinge, Gangraene, and uncomely form of the member. The Callus is unproportionable, if it either want, or abound. If it grow too scarcely therefore, use moderate perfusion of warm water, to the place, as also frications, and Emplastrum ex pice: for these things draw nowrishment to the affected part. Again, medicines that have digerent & spending faculty, do diminish a new overgreat grown Callus: as doth lamina plumbe●, straight bound to the place, also immoderate frication, or done with oleo, sale, ac nitro, or much fomentation with warm water, and vomiting, with a thin diet. If there be pain, or inflammation, unrowle the member, (if it be rolled) speedily. and apply wool with oil and vinegar: or other such convenient helps, to the pained and inflamed part. And neither shall you make any rolling to the member, nor yet apply splentes, (till the inflammation be removed) save only, so far, as they may stay the member, and keep on the medicines applied: that is, very loosely. Some counsel liberal fomentation with warm water, whilst the inflammation endureth, and a little use of it, after it is gone: but inflammation and pain once banished, than rolling and splenting as aforesaid, are to be used. If there by noisome ytching, or pustules, foment the place cum aqua, aceto & sale, and use to it ung album, diapompholygos, populeon or such other, If through contusion, or any such matter, some danger of a gangraene be threatened, scarify the part affected. And if the gangraene, or other creeping putrefaction have taken place meet with it, with such engines, as are set down against such enemies in other places of this book. Finally, if after the fracture set, and the place grown, the member show awry, and loose his natural figure: then must you go back again, breaking first the callus and after, restore the member aptly, in form aforesaid: which to do, you must first make sauft the callus, by such mollifying medicines as follow: some being plasters, some fomentations, some unguentes: Rec. fol. cicutae m.iiij fiat decoctio: herewith foment the part, then stamp the leaves with axnugi● fuillae or gallinae, and lay it upon as a plaster, after fomenting: for this sauftneth callus marvelously, so, as that within ix. days it may easily be broken, and the member be fit to set again. In the end, this sparadrap following is much availing. Rec. thuris, masticis, farinae volatilis ana, ʒ. ij. boli armeni, ʒ. ij. cerae, sevi arie●is, ana, li. ss. resinae, ℥. ss. ol. ros. ℥ two liquefia● cera & resina cum sevo & oleo, & ijs eductis ab igne, pulueres inijciantur & fiat ●mplastrum. or dip clotheses therein and make a sparadrap. A fomentation is made ex decoctione capitis, pedum, & intestinorum veruecis, corticis mediae ulmi, rad. altheae, cum farina sem. lini, faenugreci, chamomillae, meliloti: these are to be sodd in vino & aqua, then let th● member being covered with a cloth, receive the fume of it. After ●oment it with decocted oil, and anoint it with one of the unguents following: Recipe vnguen●i dealtheae, & agripp● ana, ℥. i ol. chamomelini, liliorum, amigda●. dulc. ana, ℥. ss. ol. laurini, ℥. i pingued. gallinae, medullae ●ruris vituli, & vac●● ana, ℥. ss. oesypi, ℥. ss. mucilag. sem. li●i & faenugraeci, ana, ℥. i cerae, q.s. fiat unguentum.  
Another: Rec. rad. altheae, li.j. ireos, scillae, ana, ℥ two ivae arthreticae, herbae paralysis, cynoglossae, ana, m.j. coquantur, urantur, exprimantur, & colaturae add pinguedinis gallinae, & anseris ana, ℥ two butyri recenti●, ℥. i ss. axungiae suillae, ℥. i amurcae olei irini, & de lilio, ana, ℥ two cerae, terebynthinae, gummi hederae, ana, ℥. ss. galbani, ℥. ss. colophoniae, resinae, an●, ℥ j fiat unguentum.   

CHAP. II. Of luxations.  
A Luxation is the slipping of a ionyt forth of his native position, 
De●.  and proper lodging, into another strange and unwonted feat, whereby voluntary moving is hindered. The Greeks call it Exarthrenia. 
Causes & signs.  It hath causes both inward and outward: The outward are, falle●, strokes, exten●ion, wrenchinge, wrong writhing, etc. to be understanded by the patient's speech. Inward causes are, mucous, and pituitous humours. That the joint is displaced, these are ●ignes: to wit, Tumour in that part, where the bone lies, that is leapt out, and a pit or cavity in the place, from which it is departed. Also, pain and difficulty, or privation of moving in that member.  
A luxation, 
Prog.  wherein the borders of the bones, that is, the brinks of the cavities are broken, is judged worst. If the head slip out towards the hinder part, it cannot be again compelled into the place, but by and by bringeth death. Of bones that are moved from their places, some slip out, and are reposed again ●a●●ier, others more hardly. The knee, as it easily slippeth out, so, with no great ado●, is it to be driven to his place again. Luxation of the fingers make no great business. The cubit, as it seldom and hardly slippeth out, so, if it be out it causeth much trouble. The shoulder contrariwise is neither hard to unjoint, specially in lean persons, nor yet to bring again into his place. The ●awe bone, shoulder blade, os tali, the heel bone, the hand, and plant o● middle of the foot, do commonly knit again in xiv. or xxi. days. The hip in 50. days, and the foot itself in 60. If rest be given. Whosoever hath his hip unjointed, through daily pain wherewith he is there molested, his leg after wasteth, and he becometh lame, if he be not cured. To what luxations soever, inflam●mation, or wound, or great and sharp pain happeneth, these, besides that they are very hard to be cured, are also full of danger. It is an evident sign of the coming of the bone again into his natural place, if it made a crack, or noise when it returned to his seat again: and by and by the figure and conformation of it, be in ●ight and handling, the same it was, or like the same member on the o●her side. All old luxations, & which ●y time are callous grown, do ei●●er very hardly, or never receive ●●te. Those parts which in childhood are displaced, and not set again ●rowe less than the others.  
The bone that is displaced, 
Cure.  must ●e stretched forth, and then by force compelled again, from the place ●hetherto it is gone, contrariwise to ●●s proper seat, whence he is slipped. ●ut there is not one & the same rea●on of extending all the parts: but ●iuers and sundry, according to the ●ature of the luxated part, and according to the disposition, situation, ●nd knitting of the bones, tendons, & servest For sometime it is done with ●he hande● sometime not without ●andes or tialls (as is said in fra●ures) and sometime we are driven ●o do it by engines● for that purpose, such as glossocomium. Thus when ●hat joint is placed again, study so ●o keep it: strengthening and confirming the member, with anointing it, ex ol. rosaceo, myr●ino, or, mastichino, & after, applying a linen cloth steeped in rosaceo ● next that light stuphes and clotheses, overspread cum ovi candido, & some powder of astringent things. Las● of all, use your rolls, wet in water and vinegar, of breadth & length according to the part you have i● hand. Further you shall apply splent●, of some stiff leather, or passed bo●de: so yet, as the binding may not be to strait: lest pain and inflammation be thereby caused. All which once done● in certain order, and manner, & the member duly placed, leave it so, till the seventh or tenth day, unless some symptom arise. When you come the second time, to dress your patient, foment the member with warms water, both to suage pain, (if anya be) and to evaporate, or discuss su● perfluitie● in the affected pa●●●●. That done, cloth the member aga●●●, with a plaster ex pulvere astringen●e, & ou●rum albumibus: and bind it harders A luxation sometime is complicat●●● with a wound, 
Luxation complicate.  or a fracture: if it be● with a wound, it requireth grea● wisdom and diligence in the cu●● of it: for that sometime while the bones are placed, great peril, nay death itself is inferred. For when as the nerves and muscles thereabout lying, are by stretching easily inflamed, it followeth likewise that grievous dolour, great convulsions, and sharp fevers must easily ensue, especially in the great joints. For the nearer that the luxated joint with a wound, is to the principal members, the greater fear is it, of the coming of such accidents. Therefore according to Hippochrates judgement, no joints can be safely set again, beside the hands, feet and fingers: in which also, he warneth of wise proceeding, and that nothing be done headely or rashly. Therefore, to be short, the joints luxated, must by and by, in the beginning (while the part is voided of inflammation) be placed, but a joint displaced with a wound also, must be assayed to be set, by a mean intention, or stretching, because it cannot suffer much stretching, without danger. If it succeed aright, use diligence, that no inflammation arise. But if there grow inflammation, convulsion, or other such, after the joint is placed, displace the same again, if it may be done without violence, and if we fear such a hazard or peril (because peradventure the joint inflamed, will no●, without force, be driven from his place again. It shall be better, if (in the beginning, in such cases of the great joints, as the thighs & shoulders) you leave of, & defer the placing of them. afterward, when the inflammation is ceased, (which is commonly the seventh, or ninth day after) using some preface to the patient's friends, of the danger that is like to follow such reposition, as also on the other side, that lameness and weakness necessarily follow, if it be not set: endeavour safely, & without violence, to drive the bone into his place again. As for the wound, deal with it according as is taught afore in the fracture with a wound. Also observe that every displaced member, with a wound. If it be not set again, must so be placed, as may be most to the patient's ease. Above all, see that it be not moved, nor hung downward. If there be a fracture with the luxation, yet without a wound, the member than is to be extended, according to the common manner, and so with the hands to be fashioned into his place, according as is taught in simple fractures before. But if there be a wound also, a convenient cure thereof, is to be fetched from the instructions already given, for the handling of fractures & luxations complicate with wounds. And to speak in a word: if a luxation happen with a fracture, the luxation (if it may be) first, the fracture next is to be restored. If that cannot be, then compass the cure of the fracture first, and after his Callus is grown firm, undertake the luxation. Now concerning accidents: 
Accident  If inflammation grow, prevent or stay it, by means spoken of in the cure of Phlegmone, and other places Pain you may mitigate by applying lana succida ex hydraeleo calido, & ace●i momento. If there be any callous hardness, by continuance of time, gathered, between the luxated bones, foment the place cum decocto altheae, maluae ● and other mollifying medicines: then anoint it with unguent. dealtheae: After lay upon a plaster of Diachylon magnum, or else in steed thereof, lana succida in ma●ilagine qua piame molliente delibuta. To the same end also, cortex radicis maluavisci decocted in water, and stamped cum axungia, vel anserino pingui to the form of a cataplasm, is reckoned effectual. Thus then, the parts within being sufficiently sauftened, give the luxated bone his ●eat again.   
FINIS.   

 

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

   

A table of all the principal matters contained in this Book.  


A.  ANthrax. 
page. 20  Aqueus or Aquosus tu. 
72  Atheroma. 
95  AEgylops. 
139  Anchylops. 
ib.  Angina. 
162  Acrochordon. 
247  Aneurysma. 
256  Astoniednesse in a wound. 
293  Achores. 
443  Alopecia. 
448    


B.  Blear eyes. 
133  Ba●rachus. 
156  Bronchocele. 
216  Botium. 
ib.  Bubonocele. 
201  Bubo venereus. 
229  Bubo pestilens. 
233  Bloody matter in a wound. 
295  Brose. 
309  Burning. 
●●3  Burning with gunpowder. 
435  Burning with metals or minerals. 
436  Burning by Mineral waters. 
437  Burning by Mercury. 
ib.  Burning by lightning. 
438  Brannie scales in the head. 
458    


C.  Carbuncle. 
20  Cancer not ulcerate. 
106  Cirsocele. 
198  Crudling of milk. 
235  Clauus. 
247  Convulsion in a wound. 
285  Costivenesse. 
292  cankerous wound. 
295  Contused wound. 
304  Cancer exulcerate. 
505    


D.  Distemperature in a wound. 
285    


E.  Esthiomenon. 
38  Erys●pelas. 
47  Epiphora. 
133  Epidis. 
152  Enterocele. 
188  Epiplocele. 
ibid.  Ecchymosis. 
309    


F.  Furuncle. 
35  Flatuous Tumour. 
74  Flux of blood in wounds. 
284  Flux of the sinews. 
294  Flesh proud. 
295  Fistule pustulous in a wound. 
296  Fauus. 
443  Fistule lachrymall or teary. 
466  Fistula. 
498  Fractures. 
509    


G.  Gangraena. 
38  Glandula. 
92  Ganglium. 
9●  Gunnepowder sticking in the flesh. 
436    


H.  Herpes exedens. 
55  Herpes mili●ris. 
59  Hydrocephalus. 
114  Hydrocele. 
206  Hernia Car●osa. 
204  Holing in a wound. 
295    


I  Ignis Sacer. 
47  Inflammation of the paps. 
237  Inflammation of scrotum and the testicles. 
240  Ignis persicus in a wound. 
295  Itch. 
439    


K.  Knee swelled. 
256    


L.  Lippi●udo. 
122  Leprosy. 
439  Lousinesse. 
462  Luxations. 
523    


M.  Meliceris. 
95  Milk curdled. 
235  Mermecia. 
247    


N.  Nodus●. 
94  Nodus in the head. 
116  Navel standing forth. 
184    


O.  Oedema. 
62  Ophthalmia. 
122  Ophthalmia non vera. 
133  Ophiasis. 
448    


P.  Phlegmon. 
4  Psydracia. 
120  Pustules in the eyes called Phlyctenae. 
137  Polypus. 
148  Parulis. 
152  prominency of the na●ell. 
184  Pueumatocel●. 
214  Parotis. 
221  Phyma. 
224  Phygethlon or Panus. 
227  Paps inflamed. 
237  Pain in wounds. 
285  Palsy. 
290  Paroxysm in a wound. 
243  Putrefaction in a wound. 
295  Pustulous fistule. 
296    


Q.  Queen's evil. 
92    


R.  Ranula. 
156  Raving. 
28    


S.  Syderatio. 
38  Sphacelus. 
ib.  Struma. 
81  Scrofula. 
92  Steatoma. 
95  Schirrhus. 
99  Struma in the head. 
106  Sarcocele. 
204  Scrotum inflamed. 
240  Sounding. 
288  S●inke in wounds. 
295  Skabbes & skurfines. 
439    


T.  Tumour in the ear. 
142  Tumour ●onsillarum. 
158  Te●ticles inflamed. 
240  Thymius. 
2●7  Tumour in the knee. 
256  T●mor in a wound. 
294  Te●ters. 
439  Tinea. 
443    


V  V●rix. 
256  Urine stopped. 
293  Vomit. 
2●●  Venomous wounds. 
3●●  Ulcers simple. 
412  Ulcers with distemperature. 
415  Ulcers with paine● 
417  Ulcers with tumour. 
419  Ulcers with contusion. 
421  Ulcers discouloured with hard lips. 
423  Ulcers with bone defiled. 
424  Ulcer Cacoethe. 
427  Ulcers with worms. 
432  Ulcers in the eyes. 
465  Ulcers in the nose called ozenae. 
468  Ulcers in the ears. 
471  Ulcers in the breast. 
473  Ulcers in the privy parts of man. 
475  Ulcers in the privy parts and matrice of women. 
478  Ulcer virulent & corrosive. 
481  Ulcer filthy & putrefied. 
487  Ulcer deep and hollow banked. 
492    


W.  Water in the head of a child. 
113  Wa●ring eyes. 
133  Warts. 
247  Wounds new or green. 
265  Wo●mines. 
295  Wounds contused. 
304  Wounds venomous. 
317  Wounds simple in the flesh. 
326  Wounds deep and privy. 
336  Wounds hollow, with substance lost. 
339  Wounds equal and filled. 
343  Wounds having proud flesh. 
3●7  Wounds with sinews prickre. 
349  Wounds with sinews cut. 
355  Wounds in the veins & arteries. 
358  Wounds in the head. 
369  Wounds in the face. 
379  Wounds in the eyes. 
382  Wounds in the nose. 
384  Wounds in the lips. 
387  Wounds in the ears. 
388  Wounds in the n●●ke. 
ib.  Wounds in the shoulders. 
392  Wounds in the arms. 
393  Wounds in the breast. 
394  Wounds in the belly. 
401  Wounds in the privy parts. 
408  Wounds in the legs. 
409    
FINIS.   

If it shall please the reader, to restore these places in his own book, I hope the rest of the faults are such, as cannot greatly stay the course of his reading.  
Page. 5. line 28. and resisting. p. 15. l. 27. arteries p. 24. l. 16. avellanae. p. 25. l. 16 triticeae p. 25. l. 17. hordeaceae. p. 25. l. 18. altheae. p. 26. l. 12. affect. p. 26. l. 26. santalorum p, 32. l. 2. crassitiem. p. 37. l. 4. triticeae. p. 37. l. 10 triticeae, p. 37. l 18 hordeaceae, triticeae, p. 37. l. 28. ana, p. 38. l. 17. fleshy parts. p. 46. l. 21 Ph●ma. p. 64. l. 16 cimini. p. 71. l. 2. cortic. citri sicc. etc. p. 73 l. 19 aristilog. rotunda. p. 77 l. 18. staechade. p. 81. l. 29. superficious. p. 81. l. 23. subject to the Queen's evil. p. 99 l. 20. After the chap. put in this annotation: ᵃ sometime it is as starch, sometime thicker, sometime mixed with heres, fragments of bones, pieces (as it were) of brimstone, or such other matter. p. 102. l. 6 apozeme. p. 102. l. 8 fumarie. p. 132. l. 20 heretofore. p. 137 ●. 4. divert. p. 142. l. 12 ear. p. 147. l. 5. oesypi. p. 147. l. 16. oleum. p. 149. l. 7. cephalica. p. 149. l. 14. scammony. p. 156 l. 3. put in, etc. p. 167. l. 20. vinacea. p. 175. l. 3. caricarum. p. 193. l. 3. bistor●ae. p. 193. l. 9 nasturtii. p. 214. l. 1. ceton. p. 232. l. 16. which quickly come to etc. p. 359. l. 7. choler. p. 420. l. 22. and stamped.