THE TRUE MANNER of Electing of Popes. Written by a French Gentleman, resident in Rome at this last Election. Faithfully translated according to the French Copy. With a List of all the Cardinals therein assisting and others. AT LONDON, Printed by Val. S. for Nathaniel Butter. 1605. To my Lord the Duke of Vandosme MY most honourable Lord, the late departure of our L. P. Clement the 8. hath administered unto me a subject and opportunity during the vacancy, to search out more particularly all points about the election of Popes, and the forms of proceeding therein, as well ancient as modern, judging it a very inconvenient matter, that we should be so addicted to the investigation of the least strange antiquities, as some do, employing their whole study herein, and to be ignorant of that which occurreth in our own times, and in other things which touch and more nearly concern us. I made therefore a little memorative, with intent only that it should have been for mine own particular use, that upon any default of my memory hereafter, I might have had recourse to the same: But my duty, (for the honour you vouchsafe me, in being inquisitive after my studies, & having a care of the same) obliging me to give you advise herein, you did not only desire to see it, as you have always an incredible affection to understand, and be acquainted with all honest and commendable matters, with a spirit and courage which surmounteth your years: but further having seen the same, you thought it expedient, that it should be published and imprinted: It being not altogether impertinent to my relations of Rome, which before I presented to you, reduced as they saiy, within the length of a little foot; according to the proportion of my age of fourteen years. It shall be therefore you, my good Lord, to whom they that read this Treatise, and take any contentment therein, must give thanks; even as on the contrary, they that out of a proud humour, disdain and contemn whatsoever is not done by themselves, shall have something to say against you, and not against me, that doth but only obey and observe your will and pleasure, as I ought to do; having no other reference herein, but to demonstrate by all means possible, that I am, My Lord, Your thrice humble and most obedient servant, Hierome Bignon. A brief Treatise touching the Election of the Pope. CHAP. I. Divers manners, wherein heretofore they have proceeded to the Election of the Popes. THe manner of creating and choosing the Popes at Rome, hath been diverse, according to the diversity of times. Some will needs affirm, that at the beginning he that was present Pope, designed and ordained his successor: and that Saint Peter after this manner established Saint Clement, to govern and rule the Church after him. But that so resting without an other example, and not being followed afterwards, one can make no rule nor order of it, the same having taken no effect: because Saint Clement succeeded not Saint Peter, but Linus, and after him Cletus: and Saint Clement was but the third after Saint Peter: We likewise find it written, that Linus and Cletus were also chosen by Saint Peter; not for successors, nor to be intentive on prayer and preaching, neither to have pontifical jurisdiction, but only for aid and assistance in external and temporal matters. And that Saint Clement would not embrace this establishment, so much in modesty, as by divine inspiration, for fear lest the example of such a nomination should be drawn to a custom in succeeding times, and that thereby the power and authority of the Church might be diminished in choosing or instituting of a Pastor: As also by the Canon of the Apostles 76. And by the Counsel of Antioch, Chap. 23. it is not lawful for a Bishop, being at the point of death, to choose and appoint in his place a successor. By which, it may be gathered, that this custom was usurped by some Bishops, of whom there are divers examples. Certain it is, that after Saint Clement, all the Popes were made and created by the voice and suffragation of the Clergy and Christian people of the City of Rome, and by the Bishops of other Provinces that then were there. The which was observed till the schism that fell out between Damasus and Vrsicinus, about the year of our Lord, 369. For Damasus being then chosen Pope, by one part of the people and Clergy, and Vrsicinus by another, and both of them supported by their favourites: they both were desirous to hold and maintain this dignity, which caused great factions and sedition, and went so far, that they came to hand-blows: So that one day, there was an hundred seven and thirty dead bodies left in a Church; for which cause, the Emperor afterward interposed his authority, in case of any such schism hereafter ordaining him, whom he would have to be Pope. And in this sort was Damascene established by the authority of the Emperor Vaelentinian. And not long after, there occurred the like division, between Eulalius and Bonifacius, and great sedition was raised within the City of Rome upon this occasion, and Symmachus the Governor not being able to appease or set down any order for the same, in the end by the mere authority and power Imperial of the Emperor Honorius, Boniface was made Pope. This dignity having been before, as it were sequestered for the time, by the Emperor, and committed to the Bishop of Spoleti, that then was during the feast of Easter. And so there grew then division between Symachus and Laurentius: the which king Theodorick, making known, in an assembly held at Ravenna, he confirmed Symachus. And afterwards the cause of schism ceasing, to prevent the tumult and disorder that might grow thereupon, the Emperor was always wont in such elections to be present. And it came to this point, that an election of the Pope, made by the people and Clergy, was not available, except it were ratified and confirmed by the Emperor: in that he elected, durst not proceed to his consecration, without the Princes will and consent, unto whom, for the right, and prerogative of confirmation, a certain sum of money was given. This manner of proceeding continued, while the days of the Emperor Constantine, the 3: who being moved by the good and holy life of Pope Benedict, 2. which was in the year, 686. he sent unto him a constitution, by which it was ordained & decreed, that whosoever afterwards should be chosen, by the clergy and people of Rome, he was incontinently to be reputed for the true Vicar of jesus Christ, without attending therein the authority of the Emperor of Constantinople, or of the Exacque of Italy, resident in Ravenna. Afterwards in the year 773. Pope Hadrian the first, in the counsel of Lateran, wherein there was 153. Bishops assembled in the Church of Saint Saviour in Rome, with their advise and consent, gave the power of electing and choosing pope to Charlemagne King of France, who was afterwards made Emperor, for driving the Lombard's out of Italy: But this continued no long time, because after that the Emperor Joys the debonair Son to Charlemagne, released this royal prerogative, in the days of pope Paschall the first, and remised unto the Clergy, and people of Rome, the full and free power of creating and electing of Popes, which continued and took place, for a long time after. But pope, Leo S. having been maintained in the seat with arms, by the Emperor Otho the 1. in recompense of his benefit, and being offended with the in constancy & mutability of the people, he transferred all the authority of creating and making pope's, unto the person of the Emperor Otho the 1. about the year, 963. Otho's successors used this authority and privilege till the time of the Emperor Henry the 4. under whom pope Gregory the 7. called before Hildebrand: who was chosen in the year 1073. surrendered the same prerogative again, unto the clergy, and people of Rome, and presently after, pope Paschall 2. having remised it into the hands of the Emperor, Henry 5. he incontinently after revoked the same again. In the year 1509. Pope Nicholas 2. in the counsel of Latran. 4. made a Decree touching the election of Popes, importing thus much: that first the Cardinal Bishops would treat amongst themselves of the election, conferring afterwards with the other Cardinals about the same, and so the election by them made, to be approved and consented unto by all the people, and clergy of Rome, using these words: Vt Cardinalis Episcopi diligentissime simul de electione tractantes, mox Christi clericos Cardinales adhibeant: sicque reliquus clerus, & populus ad consensum novae electionis accedat: And yet for all this, the Emperors would not afterwards give up this their right, and pretension, as we have before declared. And then by little and little this prerogative came to the hands of so many Cardinals only, as well those that were Bishops, as others, that were Priests and Deacons. At last, Gregory 1●, in the Counsel of Lions, in the year 1274. instituted the manner of the Pope's election, by the Cardinals: which were all to be shut and enclosed in one place, called the Conclave, in the town where the precedent pope should depar: so that no body might go in, nor come out, or confer, by letters, messengers, or otherwise, with the same Cardinals, while they had created a Pope, to whom they brought, and delivered their ordinary refection at a window: And if in the space of three days since their entrance, they had not agreed upon an election, it is said, that for five days after, they were to have but only one dish at dinner, or supper: And after this, if they yet continued longer without making an election, they were to have nothing given them, but bread, wine, and water, while they had chosen a Pope: After the decease of the pope, they were to defer their session for 10. days, to expect, and attend for the absent Cardinals, before they entered into the Conclave: Although notwithstanding, entrance was not forbidden them, so they came afterward, the matter being yet entire, and not treated of. The same was confirmed by Pope Clement the 5: who by his constitution forbade that such a form should not be corrected, changed, nor altered by the Cardinals in Sede Vacant, and that nothing might be added or taken from it, in any sort whatsoever: But by a Bull of Pope Clement the 6. there was some moderation, as well for the form of the Conclave, wherein they were permitted to make separations, & to furnish celles for each Cardinal, with tapestries only, as for the meat they were to have brought them. It remaineth therefore, that we a little more particularly touch the form, and order, which is used at this day, in such an election, and all that which palseth, and is performed in the Conclave. CHAP. II. Of the form, and order, which they use and proceed in at this present, to the election of a Pope. PResently after the Pope is departed, yea and even when they see, or that they have advertisement from the Physicians that he is at the last cast, the Cardinals which are then in Rome, assemble together in the privy Consistory, to consult for the government of the town, and to provide for the affairs of the vacancy: & then the seat being vacant, they are appareled in Coquests rochets, & Mozzettes without Copes, in sign of jurisdiction, the people of the town all in arms, guard at the gates of the City, the cardinals Palaces, and in other quarters. The day after the Cardinals reassemble together in the same place, for the like effect, and to determine of such affairs as then occur, as also to provide, for the preparation & adopting of that which is necessary for the holding of Conclave. Afterwards they carry the corpse of the deceased Pope ordinarily into S. Peter's Church, except the departed pope, made choice of his sepultur in some other place. Thereto all the Cardinals presentially assist, which are at the assembly: the dead body is revested with Pontifical ornaments, & laid upon a bedstead in the Church, or some chapel of the same, where the people come & kiss his feet. In the days following, the Cardinals solemnize the Pope's obsequies: and there is a convention in the vestry of Saint Peter, wherein the Prince's Ambassadors do use to enter, making their remonstrations, & motions touching the Election to be performed. During the vacancy, the great Chamberlain governs Rome. But so there is no expedition nor dispatch of any thing admitted in the Apostolical Chancery, while there be a new Pope. And in brief, as soon as the Pope hath yielded up his breath, the vice-chancellor taketh the Bulls or Seals, causeth them publicly to be broken, razed out, & that side to be taken away of them, whereon the deceased Pope's name was written, so that they cannot be sealed withal. And the other side whereon are graven the heads of Saint Peter and Paul, they wrap within a linen cloth, which he layeth up in some casket, with his seal, & committeth them into the hands of the Chamberlain. Whose office, together, with that of the Penitentiaries, continueth during the vacancy: And if they should chance to die, the Cardinals might discharge the same, for the time only of such a Vacancy. Nine days after the Pope's death, they celebrate the Mass of the Holy Ghost, and being finished with singing the Hymn, Veni sancte Spiritus, they enter into the Conclave. The Conclave at Rome, is in a place joining to Saint Peter's Church, within the Pope's Palace, in Sixtus his Chapel, as big as a great Church, where is portrayed the last judgement, and it was the excellent workmanship of Michael Angelo: which chapel they set forth after the manner of a Domitorie in Convents, but that there are many great allies, and some more less, & narrower, and with the order of celles, or little cabinets, wherein the Cardinals lie. To the which Conclave, the chapel of Pauline, & the great Royal Hall abutt, and are adjoining, being as it were a part of the same. The gates, lower windows, and all accesses, are so mured, and closed up, that one cannot talk, or communicate with any of those within. When they are entered into the Conclave, they assemble together in the chapel Pauline, where they consult of all things which concerns the government of the Conclave, & the same day, they take the oaths of the Officers, deputed for the guard of the Conclave, as well of those without, as of them within. At the beginning, after they are entered, the Conclave remains open, for some little time, and then Prince's Ambassadors use to go in, and make their recommendations, and solicitations in favour of him, or them, whom they know to be best liked, and affected by their Princes. After this, the Conclave is shut, and then no man may any more go in, nor communicate in any sort, with any one without, neither by letters, messengers, nor otherwise: nor likewise go out, till there be a new Pope created, except some Cardinal chance to arrive, who always during the Conclave, may have free entrance. And yet this is to be observed, that all Cardinals are not privileged to enter in, except they be Bishops, Priests, or Deacons, at the least, for Cardinal's Subdeacons', have no voice therein, nor are admitted any entrance: And yet we find that the Cardinal of Austria, being but a Subdeacon, entered into the Conclave of Sextus 5. by reason of a warrant or brief that he had from Gregory. 13. by means of which, it was granted him, and the which he showed and presented, when they would have denied his entrance. Every day the necessary provision is brought them, which they give them in at a window, or by the wicket of the gate, before which there is treble guard, whereof the nearest to the gate, consists of the Prelates that are in Rome, who look that none may communicate with those that are enclosed in the Conclave, and for this cause, they search the Vessels and platters, to see whether there be not any letters hidden in the same. Every Cardinal within the conclave, can have no more, but two men to serve him, whom they call Conclavistes. The conclave being closed, the day following the Dean of the Cardinals after the celebrating of Mass, administereth the holy Communion to all the Cardinals. After this the Conclavistes assemble together, in the Chapel Pauline, before the master of the Ceremonies, who taketh notice of them, and sees whether they do not execute their appointed number. Also at the beginning the master of the ceremonies reads the Bull of Pius 4. wherein it is expressed, that the Cardinals entering into the Conclave, should be sworn. Every day in Paul's Chapel, one of the Cardinals celebrates the Mass of the Holy Ghost, and so they proceed to the election of the Pope: which for the most part also is performed after two manners, one by Scrutiny, & the other by Adoration. The scrutiny is held after this sort: every Cardinal writes within a certain billet of paper, his voice and choice, and at the end of Mass, he putteth it into the great chalice of Gold, which standeth upon the Altar: Then all the billets are powered forth upon a little table, which for this purpose is set before the Altar: There are three of the Cardinals, which in the sight, and presence of all the rest, unfold these little rulles, or billets, pronouncing aloud his name, who hath subscribed to every of them, and the Cardinals write & set down in a sheet of paper, the number of the voices which every one hath, to know who hath most. Where by the way we must note, that to choose, & create a Pope, there must concur two thirds of all the Cardinal's voices in the conclave by the constitution of Pope Alexander, 3. set down in the Chap. Licet de vitanda de electione, in the Decretals: For if in such a scrutiny, there is not any one, with whom the two thirds accur; at the same instant they cast all the billets into the fire, & by this means the affair is referred over to some other time, when they make and recommence an other scrutiny in the same form: the which, by reason of this, useth to be repeated & reiterated many times, while these two thirds occur in one person. The which falls out very seldom, by way of scrutiny: so as they are urged to have recourse to adoration. Notwithstanding, the want of voices in scrutiny is sometimes supplied by the Accessi, so called: which is, when those that gave their suffragation & voice by billet to some other, they now give it to him whom they see to have most voices, & sing these words; Accedo ad Cardinalem talem: from whence that word of Accessi came. And to the end that no fraud may be committed herein, he that gives his voice by such Accession, says; Let them look on my billet, which hath on the top such a devise: And that by this, on may know that he had nominated an other: And this is for fear, lest it should happen, that he which had given his voice by billet to one, might give it again by this form of Access to an other: which would be two voices in one man's person, instead of one. The billets they use, are made after his fashion: The Cardinal that gives his voice, takes a leaf of paper, folded into divers plights, and upon the last he writes his own name: and in the two first, he causeth the cardinals name to whom he will give his voice to be written by his Conclavise, in this manner: Ego Eligo in summum pontisicem Reverendiss. Dominum meum Cardinalem. N. Afterwards they choose the billet at both ends: upon which they also set some devise at the cardinals pleasure, that without unfolding the same, it may be known, by the external devise. There is yet an other kind of scrutiny, which they call open, or apertis vocibus, which is, when the Cardinals being assembled together, declare aloud him, whom they choose. The other manner, which is Adoration: is, when the Cardinals being assembled together in the Chapel, turn towards him, whom they desire to be made Pope, doing reverence unto him, and bending the knees very low, and when they see that the two thirds are gone to this manner of Adoration, The Cardinal thus adored, is made Pope. And though this manner of Election, be referred to that which is called by the ancients, and in the cannon law, per inspirationem, and that they say, it is the way of the holy Ghost, which was, when all with one voice without any treaty, or precedent scrutiny, and without any formality, concur, as it were by divine inspiration, to say, that such a one must be made Pope, it being thus equally designed by every one. Notwithstanding this form of Adoration is not esteemed by many, so lawful, and available as scrutiny: because by means of contentions, and partialities, there may be some fraud or violence committed therein, in that the weaker side may be drawn to Adoration by the example of those more mighty, and those fearful, induced by them more resolute. And oftentimes it happeneth, that those who would have consented to the Election of some one, by free voice, seeing this general and violent concurrence in Adoration, they suffer themselves to be carried away with the violence of this stream. That by this they may demonstrate, how they have a part in such an Election, and they will not be the last herein, for fear of displeasing and incurring his displeasure who should be chosen. All this is performed in Paul's Chapel, in the ordained place, for the Pope's Election. There was heretofore a third manner of the Pope's Election, by form of compromise: & this was, when all the Cardinals upon some amongst them, to whom they wholly referred themselves, for the choosing and Electing of him, whom they should judge most capable: but this fashion, though it be one of the three manners of Election approved of in the Chap: Quia propter, de Electione, in the decretals, is more used at Rome: whereof some give this reason, because this power of nominating a Pope after the death of Alexander the 5. being given to Balthasar Cossa, than Cardinal of S. Eustachio, he made himself Pope, saying: Ego sum papa. And he was called john, the 23. CHAP. III. What is observed, when the Elestion is performed, and after. WHen the two thirds of the voices concur in one person, be it by scrutiny secret, or open, by means of Access, or by way of Adoration, he out of doubt is truly Pope. Notwithstanding the other Cardinals also, use to give their consent thereunto. And then the chief Cardinal Bishop, all the other being set, pronounceth, and declareth in the name of all the College, that he chooseth such an one for Pope. And demandeth of him how he is affected, and willing to undertake the same, which he having declared, and accepting of the Election, all rise up to gratify him: and at the same instant, putting on his Rochet, they cause him to sit down in a prepared seat, which is placed before the table, near the Altar, they give him the fisher's ring, & cause him to deliver and make known, by what name he will be called. This form of changing name, was brought in, received and used, since the time of Pope john the 12. who was chosen in the year, 155: he being before called Octavian: yet divers ascribe this institution to Pope Sergius, 2. who was in the year, 844. Having therefore declared what name he will take upon him, he useth to subscribe to the constitutions, which had been agreed upon, and sworn unto, by all the Cardinals, before the election, & to sign certain supplications, and requests. In the mean while, the chiefest of the Cardinal Deacons, opening a little window, from whence the people which attend, may see, and be seen, he shows forth a Cross, pronouncing these words, with a loud voice; Annuncio vobis gandium magnum: Papam habemus. Reverendiss. Cardinalis E●orētinus electus est in summum Pontificem, & elegit sibi nomen, Leo 2. This being done, he is divested of his common garments, which belong to the clerks of the Ceremonies, and revested with all the habits Pontifical, and causing him to sit upon the Altar, all the Cardinals a row do him reverence, in kissing his feet, hands, and mouth. During this intercourse of Ceremony, all the gates of the Conclave are opened, the bars, and walls which closed and mured the passages, gates, and windows, are broken down, & overthrown: & the Soldiers entering confusedly, as it were by force, take & pill whatsoever they meet withal in their way. And this is the reason, that when any one is declared Pope, the Conclavistes do all they can, to ramasse, & lay close up, and get together, all the best things that belong to their Cardinal: And in in like manner the people use to rush into his house that is chosen, & to pillage the same. At the same time, the new Pope is carried into Saint Peter's Church, followed with the cannons and Singing men of the same Church, which sing; Ecce Sacerdos Magnus? And after he hath prostrated himself on the earth, and made his prayer, he is placed upon the great & high Pontifical Chair, where, Te Deum laudamus is said: There again before the holy assembly, & multitude of people, which come thither in great press, he is adored by the Cardinals, Bishops, Prelates, and others. And then he giveth general Absolution, and his Benediction to every one, with much Solemnity, & Ceremonies; which grant full Indulgence: and incontinently after he is carried into Saint Peter's Palace, highly reverenced by every one, and whereof he receives such contentment, as every one may easily judge. Some days after, with great Pomp, and Magnificence, the new Pope is solemnly Crowned, in an eminent place, which is before the porch of Saint Peter, upon a scaffold, richly adorned and set forth, and there is put upon his head, the Hara, or triple Crown, called Regnum. Sigisbert, and Aimoinus write, that this crown being enriched with many precious stones, and other beautiful ornaments, and being sent to Clovis King of France, by the Emperor Anastace, Clovis sent it again, for a present and gift, to the Church of Saint Peter in Rome. This Crown is set on the Pope's head, by the chiefest of the Cardinal Deacons, to whom this office is appropriate, and then many other notable Ceremonies are performed: and amongst others, some putting fire to tow, crieth out aloud: Pater sancte, sic transit gloria Mundi; Omnis caro saevum, & omnis gloria eius sicut flos agri. From thence he goes on Procession to Saint john Lateran's, accompanied with all the Cardinals, and Prelates which are in Rome, with all his Officers, and with many others, Lords and Gentlemen, and this Procession is on horseback, after the manner of a magnificent entry, with great Pomp and Solemnity: the Order, Form, and Magnificence whereof, would be to long here to represent. At the end of this Procession, the Pope useth to feast all the Cardinals. There is an other thing about Consecration, which is performed, when the chosen Pope, had not before been consecrated Bishop, in which case there are also many other Solemnities used, about this Consecration. The election of Pope Leo the 11. placed at this present in the Cathedral seat. With a list of such Cardinals as were there, and assisted at this solemnity, and of all the rest that have place in Rome Conclave. POpe Clement the 8. called before Hippolytus Aldobrandin, Cardinal of Saint Pancras, & great Penitentiary, was after the decease of Innocent the ninth chosen Pope, the thirty day of januarie, 1592. He held the seat for the space of thirteen years, one month, and five days. A father very memorable, and recommendable for his great piety, devotion, and charity, with other high and rare virtues, as also for his singular prudence in the management of affairs: He departed the third day of March about ten a clock at night. After his decease, all ceremonies and solemnities requisite in such a case, as well for his burial, as others, were observed, with many assemblies, and congregations in the usual places. The Conclave was so prepared, that there was no Cells in Sixtus the fourth his Chapel, as before there was wont to be: but all the Cells and Chambrets were addressed and prepared in the greatest part of Saint Peter's Palace: That is to say, in the first, second, and third hall, within the hall of the Consistory, Leonine, and Gregorian, and in the most of the chambers of the Palace. The Cardinals entered into the Conclave, the fourteenth of the same month of March, and there was of them to the number of threescore and one. The scrutiny was diverse times set on foot, and many Cardinals propounded. And amongst others, my Lord Cardinal Baronius, who at the beginning had thirty voices, and in the days following, they amounted to the number of seven or eight and thirty, which was not yet a sufficient number to make the two thirds: although it was a thing which he no ways contended after, but on the contrary estranged himself from it as much as might be, doing whatsoever he could to hinder this proceeding. There was also some others propounded, against whom, exclusions and oppositions were made: But the first day of April, when they came to mention my Lord Cardinal of Florence, there was presently such a concurrence, & consent on all parts, that without making any scruple or doubt in the matter, they being in Paul's Chapel, the place ordained for such elections every one ran to adoration, and it was begun by my Lord Cardinal of joyeuse. And at so great a promptitude, alacrity, and harmony of all wills, that we need not to doubt but it was a very divine inspiration: even they themselves, who (as was supposed) would have been some obstacle, and that had attempted and made show of some such matter, concurring therein with their full consent, because there was no body, that would either hear or adheere unto them. And thus the same day, being the first of April, about seven a clock in the dawning, my Lord Cardinal of Florence, or de Medici's, was chosen Pope, and took upon him the name of Leo the eleventh. SInce the publishing of this Relation, news is come by diverse letters of the death of this Leo: and of an other Election in hand: who (as it is supposed) was made away by poison: but because there is yet no undoubted certainty of the same, I would be loath to publish any private advertisements, or to set that for infallible truth, which is only grounded upon surmises: wherefore it will be better to attend some further advertisement, when I will be ready (courteous Reader) to acquaint thee withal. In the mean while be satisfied with this which hath been delivered by an eye witness. FINIS. A List of the cardinals assistants: and those absent are marked with a star. 1 Du Perron a Frenchman, Bishop of Eureux. 2 Tarugi a Florentine, aged 81. years. 3 Sfoudrato, Nephew to Pope Gregory the 14. 4 Platto, a Milanese, 56. years of age. 5 Scrasino Olivario. 6 Bianchetto, a Bolognese of 52. years. 7 Bishop of Cracovia. * 8 Visconte, a Milanese of 58. years. 9 Sannesio. 10 Aquauiua, a Neapolitan of 52. years. 11 Montalto, Nephew to Pope Sixte the fifth, of 38. years. 12 Sauli a Genevoise, of 66. years. 13 Charles Emanuel Pio of Savoy. 14 Roias. * 15 Ginusio. * 16 S. Clement, borne at Montferrat, of 58. years. 17 Guevarre. 18 Buffalo. 19 Bellarmine, a Tuscan and jesuit of 64. years. 20 Lorraine. * 21 Mantica of Friali, of 64. years. 22 Baronius, a Neapolitan of 66. years. 23 Come, Deane of the Cardinal's Bishops of Hostia, borne in Come, a Town of Lonibardit, of 78. years. 24 Madrusso, Bishop of Trante. 25 Camerin, of the Dukedom of Spolette, a town under the Papate of 64. years. 26 Pallotta, borne in Montalte in Italy. 27 Sourdis, a Frenchman, of 34. years. 28 Monopoli. 29 Bevilaqua Ferrarois, of 38. years. 30 Gallo, borne in the Marq: of Ancone, a Town under the Pope, of 32. years. 31 Verone, a Venetian of 76. years. 32 S. Cesaree, Nephew to Aldobrandin. 33 Conti, Bishop of Ancone. 34 S. George, about 50. years of age. 35 Diatristano, a Bohemian, of 38. years. 36 Delfino, Bishop of Vincence. 37 D'Oria. 38 Tosco, of 66. years. 39 Aldobrandin, a Florentine, Nephew to Pope Clement the 8. last deceased, about the age of 34. years. 40 Sforza, a Roman, of 48. years. 41 Borghese of Siene, of 58. years. 42 Borromee, a Milanese, of 42. years. 43 Valente. 44 Monte, of 57 years. 45 SSti, fourth Nephew to Pope Innocent the 9 of 38. years. 46 joyeuse, of the renowned family of the joyeuses, and Protector of the French affairs. 47 Pinello, a Genoese, of 66. years. 48 Farnese, a Roman. 49 Spinello. 50 Sapata. * 51 Arigona, a Milanese of 63. years. 52 Agucchio. 53 Deti, kinsman to the last Pope deceased by the mother's side. 54 Est, a Ferrarese of 38. years. 55 justinian, a Genoese, of 58. years. 56 Giury, a Frenchman, of 56. years. 57 Bandini, a Florentine of 52. years. 58 Florence, or De Medici's, a Florentine of 69. years, or thereabout. 59 Auila, a Spaniard, Protector for Spain. 60 Perreti. 61 S. Marcel, a Genoese of 62. years. 62 Montelpero, borne in the Marquisate of Ancone, General of the Augustine's, of 60. years. 63 Gondy. * 64 Cesis, a Roman, of 48. years. 65 Paravicino, a Roman, by original a Grison, the Almain Protector, of 58. years. 66 Taverna. 67 Pamfilio. 68 Ascoli, born in Corregio in Lombardie, of 66. years. 69 Colonne, a Roman. FINIS.