THE INTRODUCTION to the true understanding of the whole Art of Expedition in teaching to write.  
Intermixed with rare discourses of other matters, to show the possibility of skill in teaching, and probability of success in learning, to write in 6. hours  
Which tending all to one end, do serve for two uses.  
1. If Authors do excel others in their own Arts, Why may not this Author excel others in his Arte.  
2. For removing a vulgar opinion against his native country of Scotland. he showeth that it hath more excellent Prerogatives than any other Kingdom.  
Whereby it will rather follow, that a Scotishman is so much the more able to prosecute whatsoever he undertaketh, and therefore so much the more to be respected, by how so much he is more ingenuous than one of another nation.  
Anno Dom. 1638.   

TO THE MOST ILLUSTRIOUS AND HOPEFUL PRINCE, CHARLES Prince of WALES, etc. temporal prosperity and endless felicity.  
MAy it please your Highness?  
In regard that some have a sinister opinion of me in my profession, not only because of the pretended impossibility of the success thereof, but far more of that worthy nation, where all your Highness' most royal Progenitors had their being, and whereof I also have the honour to be a native, and lest any either of their writings or speeches should come to your Highness' sight or hearing, now in your tender years, I have laboured here to prevent them, by defending both my Country and profession.  
Where as these things are propounded here in the superlative degree, I suppose it is according to the practice of worthy men in former times, when their persons, professions, countries, or causes have been any ways traduced, they have not only defended the same to the uttermost of their power, but even stretched all and whatsoever their properties privileges, or liberties to the furthest extent, that their adversaries might be either convinced or silenced.  
Whensoever it shall please God your Highness shall have occasion to use that ancient nation, yea or any member thereof (such as myself) in any service, I hope your Highness shall find us as faithful, able and willing now, as our predecessors have been to your Highness' royal progenitors informer times.  
Now in token of my goodwill and affection, I humbly present your Highness with these my mean labours, that they may go abroad under your Highness' protection, and that it would please God to grant your Highness such gracious education, as you may be an happy instrument of his glory in his own good time, it shall be the fervent suit of  
Your Highness' humble servant, DAVID BROWN.   

In D. Davidis Bruni Calligraphiam novam.  

ILle 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 sonet quimentis acumine fretus  
Protulit, in tenebris quae latuere prius  
At si quis nostros artem quae cedat in usûs  
Invenit, inventum perficit at que suum;  
Ille quidem plenis 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 buccis  
Personet, inventas dum sibi prodit opes.  
Non has Assyrius laudes, aut Helladis ora  
Quos dedit, aut claros terra latina Sophos;  
Non sibi Niliaci tribuent: Nam postuma semper  
Aetas excoluit quod rude prima dedit.  
At modo scribendi leges dum tradit & artem,  
Haec sibi qui merito vendicet unus erit.   
THO. CARFORDIUS.   

Philographo.  

VSus ut artifices faciat, ars dirigit: aptas  
Scripturae, hîc normas, quam cupis, artis habes.  
Brunius ecce dedit: si primus, reddere primas  
Aequum est: artifici convenit artis honos.   
PATRICIUS SANDAEUS.   


THough use makes skill, yet art directs,  
Here Master Browne the rules detects,  
Since he the same doth first discover,  
The praise with him remains for ever.   
JO. DICK.   

The sum of the Author's Profession of EXPEDITION, in teaching to Write.  
1 HE teacheth those that can read, and be capable and careful, to write any hand well in six hours, which they never wrote before, or to rectify whatsoever hand they writ already; each one in a several room, and half an hour at a time.  
2 Others also he teacheth in so much longer time, as they come short of such ability, capacity, or using the means: which consists both in earnest performing their daily half hours task, when they have best leisure between the times of teaching, and in careful supplying the defect, loss, or neglect of any one time, by so much the more care and diligence at another time.  
3 And those that cannot write at all, or not well, or not true English, neither can read written hand, writ without rule, nor keep accounts, he teacheth to attain all these better in one Month, an hour only in a day, and as long by their own private practice, (when their affairs may be least hindered) than they can by others, after the ordinary manner in three, though they should spend all the day, neglect all other business, and do nothing else.  
All by true and exact method new Rules, and rare secrets of art; authorized by Supreme Authority; approved by the State, embraced by the Learned, attained by the Ignorant, and maintained by the Author & Professor, against all opposers and envyers, strangers and others.  
For redeeming the time, and renewing the occasion of learning to all, but chief those of middle age, who have wanted, lost, or neglected either, in their youth, and cannot now spare long time to learn.  
He practiseth the most part of the day in the Term time, and most of the after noon in the vacation, at the Cat and Fiddle in Fleetstreet, and most of the forenoon, at his house in S. john's street, next above the Unicorn, except when he is invited to the Country at any time, especially in the long vacation.  
Wh●re likewise Marry Stewart and her daughters, do instruct young Noble and Gentlewomen in good manners, languages, writing, & other qualities, by his assistance & direction.   

THE INTRODUCTION to the true understanding of the whole Book.  
Showing (as in a prospect) both the probability of Expedition, in teaching, fair, short, and true writing; and the possibility of learning to write any hand in six hours.  
AS it hath pleased our gracious God of his great bounty, for his own glory, and man's felicity, to prefer man to all his creatures on earth, and to adorn him with many excellent prerogatives, gifts, and faculties, fare above all the rest, such as wisdom, knowledge, and learning; so likewise he hath ordained all good Arts and Sciences, as special helps and ordinary means whereby he may attain thereunto, and so much the better, both enjoy a comfortable life here, and the hope of a happy life hereafter: for as he ever appointeth the end, so he always appointeth the means to come to the end.  
And since the knowledge and practice of Arts and Sciences, can neither be so well nor speedily attained, as by using the ordinary means, prescribed by those whom it hath pleased God to raise up and endue with gifts above the rest in every age; and that by the help or instruction of such as have been most expert for the time; and those who are expert in these days (now as well as in former times) are so rare, that they can scarcely be had, but only in some eminent Cities: and in no Art or Science, are they more rare, then in this of writing, although it maintaineth all other Arts and Sciences.  
I therefore, not only in consideration of these, and many other motives, but likewise being further moved by the earnest in treaty of some virtuous minded men, who now in their age, do far more sensibly feel the want, neglect, or loss of time in their youth, than many others who are little more careful yet, than they were then; and so much the rather, in that I apprehend some measure of ability in myself for their nearest remedy or best recovery, (as they are now) have thought it both a part of my duty to him of whom I have it, and very needful and expedient for the good of all, being the chief end wherefore I received it, even to offer the same as a benefit to all, and that by publishing this Book to the view of the world, that ●oth they, and all others, may make a profitable use thereof.  
For it may be, that many hundreths, who are both past the date of (going to schools) and much employed about other businesses, will yet spare some convenient time to learn alone, by the help of this Book; whereas (●ither through distance of place, or other occasions) seare●ly one of them can come to me, or will go to others: which whosoever readeth or practiseth, I wish it may be done orderly as it standeth, without any omission at all, and as little intermission as possibly may be, that the scope and substance of all, being once well conceived in the mind, it may be so much both speedier and better practised by the hand.  
If either thou that diligently readest, or but lightly viewest, or yet any of you that hear or see this book, be such as neither need, nor intent to learn; or otherwise, if ye, or any of you be ignorant, and therefore ye apprehending your own necessities, would fain learn, but want either means or opportunity; or yet be such as have both great need, and earnest desire, but too late for you now to begin: I could wish it might please you not to judge or censure this Book, or benefit offered therein, either as ye are, or shall be in any of these cases or conditions.  
But rather, as if ye yourselves, or any of you had either written the one, or offered the other, or perchance thrice so good as either; and would have me, or others of better judgement and discretion, to judge or censure those your works or fruits thereof, and so esteem of you accordingly.  

Or, as if 

Ye were to be learners, and did feel to your great grief now, the want, loss, or neglect of learning formerly, and could get no other help (under God) to teach you.  
Ye were in danger to lose some good design, which if you could but write a legible hand, you might easily obt●ine.  
Ye were come to such age, as you would think it a disparagement to go to school.  
Your affairs would not permit, though you would be content to go.  
You might spare some little time to learn this way, though no time any other way.  
Your children, friends, neighbours, or servants, stood in need of instructing.     
Or, most of all, I wish ye may judge or censure this Book or benefit, as it may be profitable to the Church or Common wealth, whereof you are members; for in that regard, it doth also concern you all, in what estate soever you are; yea, and the more wise or learned you be, I hope you will so much the better acknowledge, that that which is a benefit to others (by the sympathy of fellow members) is also a benefit to you: and therefore ye are not only to approve, but even to maintain also according to your power at all times and occasions, whatsoever is for the good of others, although neither any of you, not any of yours at some time or occasion, have any particular need thereof yourselves.  
But since that which is written, may endure, when the days of the actor, as well as the time of the action, will expire, who knoweth but that which I intent herein may both continue and do good to many one, when neither my hand can write, nor my tongue speak to any at all? I will therefore take occasion (howsoever to do my part, and not only now begin whiles I have breath) by the means of writing, to write the speedy and true way, both of teaching and learning to write; but likewise use my best endeavours to perform it with all my power, for there is neither wisdom, work, nor invention in the grave whither I go; and refer both the continuance and event to God, who only is eternal, and hath the success of all things in his hands.  
Whom I humbly beseech so to guide and direct me, both in doing thereof, and whatsoever thing else I take in hand, that not only I may set his Majesty always before my eyes, and keep myself in the mean between these two extremities, even neither to deserve the name of a sluggard, by doing nothing (at least worth the name of any thing) nor yet to be wise in my own conceit, in that he hath given me some measure of ability and grace to do some thing: but likewise, that I may always as justly say, as he knoweth my desire is at this present, that whatsoever thing he putteth in my hands to do, may be done principally, or much rather, in obedience to him of whom I receive both the will and the deed; and secondarily, to make the best use thereof I can, both for myself and others, than any wise to affect singularity, either by the rarity of the project itself (in thinking it matchless, or that it cannot be surmatched) or yet so much as by means thereof to claim any perishing title, prerogative or pre-eminence at all which may not justly be attributed unto the instrumental, or any wise derogatory to the principal efficient of what is done.  
Concerning the elements and contemplations of writing, whereby may be considered and observed the definitions, derivations, and divisions of the Art, causes and occasions of the practice: I intent not much to insist in this first part, neither yet of the excellency of writing in respect of the renown, necessity, utility, rarity, antiquity, universality, and noble descent thereof; because they are already illustrated in the second part, for only the principles are briefly expressed here, but the reasons and use of all largely discussed there.  
Therefore, to be short in what I intent to say in this Preface to the commendation of writing (neither for want of matter nor cause, but rather for brevity, and to shun repetition) I hope any of any breeding, will easily confess, that by the blessing of God upon the ordinary means of writing, (which it pleased himself, both as our blessed Creator and Redeemer to practise, and which all Emperors, Kings, Monarches, Princes, Nobles, and Gentles must, though they should practise no other art) we have not only his blessed word written for our learning, that it may be a lantern to our feet, and a light unto our paths, both to direct us in the way of life, and how to shun the snares of death,  
But likewise thereby all high matters, of whatsoever nature or importance, are both intended & prosecuted, secret matters are secretly kept, friends that be a thousand miles distant are conferred with, and (after a sort) visited, the excellent works of godly men, the grave sentences of wise men, and the profitable arts of learned men, who died a thousand years ago, are yet extant for our daily use and imitation; all the estates, kingdoms, cities, and countries of the world are governed, Laws and Printing maintained, justice and discipline administered, youth bred in piety, virtue, manners and learning at schools and Universities, and that which is both most and best, all the Churches of God from the beginning established, and always unto this day edified, yea and will be to the end of the world, notwithstanding all and whatsoever to the contrary is either intented, or can be prosecuted.  
But if any should demand how these prerogatives of writing do belong to Expedition, and exact teaching to write?  
I answer, by reasoning thus,  
Under the general of every thing, all the specials thereof are included.  
But Expedition and exactness of teaching to write, are specials of writing.  
Therefore Expedition and exactness of teaching to write, are included under the general of writing.  
The proposition hath always been a principle in reason, and therefore is a thing most evident.  
The assumption may be cleared, first thus.  
1 If the knowledge, use and benefit of writing be excellent, rare, and precious, than the teaching thereof must also be so.  
But the former is manifest, therefore the latter will follow by true consequence. Secondly thus:  
2 Teaching to write, is useful and commendable, therefore Expedition in teaching to write, must also be useful and commendable.  
The antecedent is already shown, and the consequent plainly followeth. And thirdly,  
3 Expedition is very useful and commendable, not only in respect of the easiness and readiness of teaching and learning by means thereof, But likewise, of the encouragement of the learners, and that both by sparing their time and labours; and consequently so much the less hindering their other affairs, by how much these rules of art and method here professed, be more exact, easy, and ready than any heretofore either taught or published.  
And if any should allege, that many have taught to write both before these rules were known, and do also teach yet without the knowledge of them, both speedily and well enough.  
To whom also I answer at length, and by occasion thereof do insist in diverse particulars, which although they may seem also at the first view not to agree, well enough to the point in hand, yet they do serve greatly for illustration thereof, and are rather a transition to further probation, than any wise a digression, which may be as easily proved, as that which is immediately proved, if need so required.  
How many soever do try or essay to do any rare thing, that their action of trying or essaying, doth not prove the speedy nor well-doing of the thing, (which if I do not (in what I profess) I do nothing) for it is one thing to do, and another thing to do speedily, and the third thing to do well; between the first and second, or yet the third, there is many times no less difference, then between a Master and a Disciple; and all the difference between what I profess, and that which others do, is that I thus endeavour to add two words to mine, of which they are negligent in procuring to theirs, and these are Speedily and well: To the which two words, if I should reduce all my profession, it would follow by good enough consequence, that that man is very uncapable, that cannot learn from one that is so careful to teach, those two words in six hours' time; yet I have more fully expressed these two in twelve words, which do contain the substance of all words that can be either spoken or written for our good, all the letters of the Alphabet, and all the curious strokes of joining, and that for the speed and ease of all learners; which therefore if they once can do, they may write what other matter or words they please, of that hand which they so learn. But to return to our point, the greatest approbation standeth in this that followeth, how many soever do a thing as well as possibly they can, if there be yet one that excelleth them all, then will not his doing be so much the more in request, by how many have tried either before him, or in his days to do it? Whereas if but one or a few try to do a thing, (as it were) in private, it will be so much the less respected, by how much it is less known, tried or approved.  
We see when a strong man (to try his strength) doth throw a double canon bullet alone, and casteth it further at the last, then at the first, doth over match no man, but himself, and not himself neither, because the difference doth consist in the circumstance of time, and not of person, in that he casteth it further at one time then at another, by his further practice, and longer experiment, for he still remaineth the same man.  
But to draw this point to some further length, if many have tried their strength and skill before him, yea, and the furthest mark set up by any who have had the vanguard formerly, whether he or any of all the rest, shall yet be over reached by some other unexpected, then is his strength and skill discovered, that tried last, and so much the more both respected and manifested, by how much he overreached all that have tried since the first.  
Moreover, if that wherein any doth excel many, and yet not all, be thus regarded, and that either for some difference of ability, and dexterity in the doing, or in regard of the time or place of the action, for possibly either some one or other elsewhere could have matched what was done there at that time, or else some living in the same place at another time. Then what greater respect shall be had to any profitable or virtuous work that any one s●ould both begin and accomplish alone, which none before him in any age or nation ever so much as imagined?  
Herein doth singularity most consist, if by any it might be as lawfully affected, as it is needful by all to be rejected.  
I could give many instances, and of diverse sorts, showing how some famous and rare men in all ages have been excellent in many things above all others in the age wherein they have lived; some in some things, and others in other things, yea, and some also in some things, which none either before or after them have done, (which is correspondent to what was spoken last) but because I affect brevity, howsoever I be driven against my inclination and disposition, to the other extremity, (even as well to be on my guard for all opposers, and to give every one his due, as to satisfy all learners, and to give each one his part;) I will make choice therefore to speak of those things which have been in these days, because they are most in remembrance, or best known to many yet living, most pregnant to our present purpose, most forcible to prove the possibility of what is intended, and both most probable and credible to all of this age, since they have all come to pass therein.  
Many godly, wise, learned, and valiant men, both English and Scottish, hath Britain brought forth, even in the same age wherein we live, who have excelled many that have been before them in many ages, whose names were tedious to express, and their works a thousand fold more tedious to declare in any competent measure; but both their matchless fame (in those things wherein they surmatched others) and their magnific works bear witness of their persons, who now rest from their labours.  
I would gladly begin here at the highest degree, and express both some particular matter and cause of true and well deserved praise due unto that state, but especially to a happy and late Possessor thereof, were it not that I am commanded by modesty to cease, therefore only thus much.  
If there were any universal Chronicles royal, the most renowned memory of King James for his matchless wisdom and learning, might not only be recorded in great Capital and text lines, with letters both of pure gold, and perfect silver, but likewise set with rich Diamonds and Pearl, and flourished in most curious manner, with all colours of ink, before all Kings since the days of good King josias; but such a one as I, neither being able in any measure to express, nor yet any book of this kind worthy to comprehend what commendation he as God's instrument (in using of his gifts) deserved, I think it most expedient to desist, and go to others of inferior degree.  
Yet only these few I will name, with their rare and commendable acts so briefly, as the sufficiency of the matter, and equity of the cause do require, and as there may be any impression left to the Reader or Hearer hereof, whereby, if they please, to inquire further of those things, which were done by these worthy Instruments, whom it pleased God to raise up for his own glory, and the good of his Church.  
Only these five I will name, the first is Master William Perkins, because he was one of the first in this age, that took extraordinary pains in writing many excellent and learned Books, both for the benefit and ease of all that either wrote or taught since, or yet learned for their own us●. And to the intent he might so much the better perform what he had resolved in this matter, he did moderate both his diet and sleep according to the shortness of his time, and necessity of his calling: for he not only (almost every day of his pilgrimage in this life, after he was any wise enlightened and enabled) was marvellous diligent and temperate, but likewise in the night time he had a device tied about his neck, which after he had slept four hours' time, gave him a check, by means whereof he wakened, that (after he had strooken fire) he might either read, writ, pray, or meditate two or three hours, many times before any of the house (whithersoever he sojourned) went to their businesses.  
The second is Master Henry Ainsworth, who both wrote very much, and learnedly, and lived very modestly: yea and had no more for a long time, but eight pence a week.  
The third is Master George Buchanan; who had the honour to be Tutor to our late Sovereign Lord King james of famous memory; although many in diverse nations both before him, and in his days, have tried to translate the Psalms of David in latin verse, yet never any of their translations were thought comparable to buchanan's Psalms. And by reason thereof, and of some other rare works, and that he was so happy an instrument of the breeding of such a worthy Monarch, whom all the world admired for his wisdom and learning; his fame is very great among all the godly learned in Europe, and so much the greater, both because he was a great traveller, and that his books are dispersed in all nations.  
The fourth is Master james Creighton, who being a Baron in Scotland, choosed rather to travel in foreign nations, and follow his learning, then to stay at home and enjoy his Patrimony. Concerning whom, though I be somewhat large, I hope it shall not seem tedious; howsoever many have taken great pains both to attain learning, and to invent the art of memory (to be a help thereunto yet this young Noble man was matchless in both, and that not only in his youth-hood at home, but likewise in all his travels abroad, yea & scarcely doth any history make mention of any the like before him: and beside, which is no less worthy consideration, it is reported (by men of great worth and credit, who are yet alive, and knew his education) that he was never taught, at least after the ordinary manner in studying by book; only he sometimes heard what was taught to others, and seldom either read or studied, bu● rather (besides the appointed times of recreation) he had liberty procured of those who hearing of his fame, came both fare and near to visit and try whether or not such things were, according to the report, when in the mean time all the rest of his condisciples were kept in at their studies, and that both when he was at Schools and Universities.  
After he had thus past his course, and came to be made Master of Arts, (as they are called there) scarcely any could be found to dispute against his Theses in public. Lest they should incur any disgrace before such a learned auditory, and that from such a young Scholar, for his fame being so spread throughout all the land, there was a greater assembly of the learned in the University of S. Andrew's at that time, then was either many years before, or y●t since, in the time of any laureation.  
Having past his degree●, and entering in his travels, and upon the manifold experiences which he had of his own ability at home, whither soever he came, and heard of any public declamation or disputation, there, or any where, he always addvessed himself thither against the time appointed, if either distance of place, or other urgent occasions did not hinder him. And amongst many other places wherein he purchased great commendation, he being once at Constantinople, (as some do think, and others do allege it was at Milan, but wheresoever it was, the action is most certain, because it was his ordinatie practise any where,) and there being a very great assembly of the most learned of that part of the world, and a most pregnant and rare man having declamed an excellent Oration, and obtained greater applause than many others of a long time; Master Creighton (being very attentive before his face all the while, and unknown almost to any) asked licence, although a stranger, to speak a few words against him who had last spoken, (alleging that that assembly being like a proclaimed Fair, to which all strangers were invited, and none exempted, but each one free both to buy such wares as they should need, and to sell such as they have to spare;) which being granted, he began thus: This is a very learned man, saith he, but he hath his learning, as many have their riches, even by reaping the fruits of other men's labours. If this hath been his practice heretofore, I know not, but one thing I know well, all that he hath spoken now, is that which I was minded to speak, by what means he hath got the copy thereof, I am not yet certain, but to be short, I will prove that it is mine, and not his, before all this honourable Auditory, thus: first, I will repeat all and whatsoever he hath spoken, verbatim: secondly, show him where he failed in such things: thirdly, show how he and all others may prevent the like error henceforth: and lastly, resume all in a few heads, and raise some observations thereupon. Which he did at great length according to the method laid down, and was both heard with fare greater attention than the first speaker, and received ten times greater applause than he did.  
The other speaker being astonished and silenced all this time, and yet keeping his pulpit, which was so much the more grief unto him, by how much he was the more conspicuous to the eyes of all, his case so suddenly altering, yea and turning quite contrary to what it was an hour or two before; for the affront or defeat which he received then, did countervail all his applause immediately before.  
At length, Master Creighton having finished what he was to speak, and all the people earnestly looking what issue would come of all these proceed, and he perceiving the countenance of the other speaker all the while to be a little altered, desired him to take courage again, for he would tell him such good news, as might be a means both to revive his spirit, and restore him to his former hopes of preferment, yea and also to the favour of all those that might prefer him, which he did after this manner. He not only confessed publicly, that the speaker was a very learned man, and worthy of such promotion as was expected at that time, (which notwithstanding himself might have had, and fare greater too, (both there & in many other places) if he had either loved preferment for learning, better than learning itself, or yet the favour of great men, who both loved him so dear, and respected him so greatly, that almost they made him their equal wheresoever he went.  
But likewise he acknowledged that all which was spoken, was the speakers own work, and no part thereof his, more than the observations which he in public made so abruptly by occasion thereof: for it pleased God to give him such an excellent gift of memory to adorn his learning, that he could hardly forget any thing whatsoever he either read, saw, or heard; and withal he protested, that what he did, was not to do harm to any man, nor yet to extenuate or undervalue any man's gifts, of what measure soever, but rather to encourage, and do good to all, by offering unto them the benefit of what he received, and that he might declare what was spoken amiss: which he did so much the rather, because the same was so fare from being perceived by any of the most pregnant in all that great assembly, that some did approve by their applause, and others by their silence, even that, as well as any thing that was spoken: for he considered that things so publicly uttered, ought either to be publicly approved, by silence, being found good, or (after licence given) to be publicly reproved by contradicting, if they be otherwise; to the intent that God might be glorified in whatsoever gifts he bestoweth upon men, and all his people truly informed by the use thereof in all things, and so none to departed in doubt of any thing delivered.  
Most of his rare works with the times, places, causes, and occasions thereof, are largely comprehended in the Duke of Manto his records, with whom he spent most of his days, and in a book dedicated to himself by one Manutius a learned Italian, who having either conversed with him in his travels, or being an eye witness to many of his proceed, giveth him greater commendation than hath been given to any, since the days of the Apostles, who had the extraordinary gifts of the spirit.  
The fift and last is John Naper, who was father to my Lord of Merchiston that now is: he was reported to be one of the most painful and learned Divines that hath been of any Noble man these many years; and besides many other his rare works, wherein he was most laborious (even when he was grievously diseased with the Gout for diverse years together, which is so much the greater commendation to him, by how much it might have been an excuse to others) he was one of the first and chiefest in our days that took excessive pains day and night, to bring the book of the Revelation to be so well understood and taught, as God be praised it is at this day: (for this I know, being his neighbour a long time at Edinburgh, (though I had neither the happiness to be acquainted with him, nor to be capable of his worth) his candle went never out (I think) so long as his breath was in,) for he considering the title thereof to be the Revelation of jesus Christ, and finding a blessing pronounced to all those that read, hear, and practise the same, did spend most of his days in labouring to discover the mystery of that most excellent and profound Prophecy, that it might be understood in some measure by all unto whom it was sent, and so much the rather, that as the Holy Spirit is the first love-token or earnest of our salvation, so the Revelation is the last love-token, that our Saviour hath sent to his Church, till he himself return.  
By reason whereof, how many soever hath written, since Merchiston did write, and it may be hath seen farther than he, which he himself would also have done, if he had lived longer as well as they, (and which doth appear in that his own last edition, so fare excelleth the first) yet he being such a wise, learned, and excellent guide, in going before, and pathing (or at least greatly helping to path) the way (as it were in a morning, throw great heaps of snow) unto all that have walked since, by his so exquisite labours, even his paraphrases of this kind, is more worthy (I say) of commendation in that respect at least, than any who have yet succeeded him, for they have had all his endeavours to be a light (under God) to them, but he had none of theirs to help him. And therefore as his name was Na-peir, both after the Scottish pronunciation and estimation, so it may be justly called No-peere, according to the English: It is the fame which he hath left, that maketh his name to be great, for he is yet called there, as (I think) he may be to the world's end, either here, or any where, Matchless MERCHISTON Mathematitian.  
If all the names should be inserted here, of all the famous and valiant men (such as King Robert Bruce, and Sir William Wallace) with all their matchless acts, and all the remarkable deeds of others in other ages, who have been greatly renowned in that most renowned kingdom of Scotland, (which I have the honour to call the land of my nativity) and not those few examples in this age, as well of that, as of this worthy kingdom wherein now I live, chosen for all, to show that any man is so much the better, yea, and the more to be hoped and expected of what he can do, in that he hath been borne or bred there, but far more both, doubtless it might fill as great a volume as the Roman History.  
And if it be thus unto such there, it will follow also in time, to be so unto the like here, and that because they are both of Britain, and so both not only of one continent, and of one name, but likewise are now both under one head, and of one Religion, yea and hath both one kind of language, and one form of writing, and that which crowneth all, they do all strive to love one another, as they do themselves.  
THUS, leaving the commendation of some particular persons, who have excelled all others in the things whereof they were excellent, I will speak somewhat of the honour of that renowned kingdom, which chief consists in the prerogatives or privileges thereof, with thy leave and patience, diligent Reader, & without derogation to any other kingdom, which hath either greater honour or prerogatives, or better privileges of other kinds, or yet is of greater worth of itself; after I have showed some differences between that nation, people, and commodities thereof, and others who challenge a higher place under the pretence of some greater respects: all which although I do, I hope no judicious man will find that I digress any wise from the point, who will but consider with me, that whatsoever things are in the way of any thing, have always some relation to the end thereof, because they lead thereunto, and that some impediments also must be removed out of the way hereof, which do greatly hinder the passage to the end, that the work may the more easily proceed.  
For since the probability of the possibility of this task is my part at this time, I must first use such lawful ordinary means, as I know will make way unto the performance thereof, and then those, which will fully accomplish the thing expected. And if it be needful that the end wherefore we aim at any thing be wished and laboured for, by all those who desire that thing, then doubtless to show both the possibility of attaining, and probability or certainty of attaining thereof, must also be needful, and that not for the undertaker alone, but for all who would partake of the benefit as well as he, and especially those who are either doubtful or mistrustful, and therefore slack in using of the means, that they also being in some measure satisfied, as well as others, may with the more courage, intent, begin, proceed, and prosecute as well as others.  
But although the nature of many things, both spoken, and to be spoken here, doth not agree strictly to writing itself, yet if they be well considered largely, they do serve greatly both to show the possibility of so speedy teaching to write, and to make way to the probability thereof, by showing that there be some men of one kingdom, that be fare more generous and completely both bred, qualified or gifted, yea and can take greater pains to put all to a good use, than all those of another kingdom, who are most pregnant in any faculty of this kind. To the intent it may appear, that from those excellent prerogatives, which may justly be attributed to the whole kingdom in general, whereof I am to speak, and especially to the head thereof as the fountain, there may be some issue of excellency derived to every particular member of the same, above those who cannot claim unto the like, as both divine and other histories do specify, what great privilege it was to be a Roman.  
And likewise, it is needful that those prerogatives and priviledg●● be here expressed for another special respect, yet tending to make way to the same end and purpose, even for preventing or removing a prejudicated opinion which some of the vulgar sort, have against the famous kingdom of Scotland, and that without any ground or reason, insomuch as though one like Solomon should come forth thereof to this place, yet they were wont more often then now, thus to demand, Can any good thing come out of Scotland? doth it afford this or that? do such and such things grow there? do any such learned men, or fair writers live there, as there be here? and many the like idle questions, which be rather moved for derision, than any wise to require resolution.  
1 But all such kind of persons were fully answered, and confuted, both in those, and in all other such things: for not only it pleased God, that one like Solomon came out thereof indeed, & removed all such questions, as the bright sun doth expel the misty clouds, and did put to silence all such persons (at least their impudency and frequency in those things) and that both by showing them the contrary of what they pretended, or would have had, and making such a combination between them, and those of whom they spoke, that the like was never formerly in Britain: so that many of both nations, who were diversely affected before, have respected others as their own most affectioned and dear brethren (both at home and abroad) afterwards, and for the most part, ever since? But another also hath come forth thereof, God bless him, (like Josias) who can both repress all such frivolous questions, and redress all those who will offer to propound them any more.  
2 Abundance and variety of all commodities do both come out of Scotland daily hither, by sea and land, and go every where abroad, (as have always in all ages) which do manifest the plentiful increase thereof. If some parts of that land may be called barren, it is but in respect of other parts; even as the most fruitful kingdom cannot be all alike fruitful; for there was a hill country in the land of Canaan itself, for bestial, as well as valley or daleground for corn●; yea and doubtless there be some special parts also of it, as good as the best parts of other kingdoms, the value of the commodities which those parts do afford, being accounted according to the valuation of the places, where they come to be in greatest request, like as other kingdoms do with the commodities which they yield.  
3. The worthy people of that ancient kingdom, do live with such plenty of all sorts of things at home amongst themselves, as they need not yield nor give place, to any people or nation for any thing, more than they need to do unto them: and therefore although mutual traffic or exchange of commodities be no disparagement (I hope) but rather a great credit, as well as an advancement to any people of whatsoever kingdom: yet they could as well (at least) subsist without the same, (if there were cause, as I hope there shall never be) yea and live both as contentedly and modestly with their own, as any people in the world.  
If at any time, especially in the years of famine, when it pleaseth God most justly to afflict them, as he doth their neighbour countries, (either then, or at other times) they be forced to buy such things as they need, from other nations, as God's people of old did of Egypt, they pay them as well for what they receive, as other nations do when they buy such things (as they need) of them, upon the like occasions, either of necessity or extremity. And if none be able to prove any thing to the contrary of those things, then why do not all acknowledge them to be true?  
Whereby (in the mean time as it hath been always) it is most evident (although there were no more to be said) that that kingdom is a most complete kingdom, and both as plentiful and able to serve the own turn, as any other kingdom is to serve itself: And therefore no question ought to be made (by any whosoever) neither of the plenty nor ability thereof, more than of any other kingdom, neither in sport to maintain table discourse, nor yet in earnest purpose for curiosity, at other times or occasions.  
Those who do enjoy a better land, are bound to be so much the more thankful to him, who is the true owner of the whole earth, and all that therein is, to dispose unto what people soever he will; which duty if they do not carefully discharge, they will be so much the more inexcusable in the day of retribution, when they are called to account for violent possession thereof: and we are taught, taught, both by his word and daily experience, as w●ll as by histories, how often the Monarchies and Kingdoms of the world are translated from one people unto another, and all through ingratitude and impenitency.  
And whereas it may be thought, that some other kingdoms being more fruitful, are therefore more able to supply the necessities of that kingdom, than it is to help them; yet if the variety, extent, and worth of all things which it sendeth yearly to other kingdoms, above what any king some sendeth it, be well weighed, esteemed, and considered, none of them can surmatch it, yea scarcely compare with it in any degree, howsoever many do surpass the greater part of it. But how this defect thereof, in respect of other kingdoms, and yet the completeness or equality of it with the best of them, can agree in the general; since only, but some parts thereof, can match the best parts of them, (and yet nevertheless hath as great plenty in the general, both to serve itself within, and to furnish others without, as any of them) those two effects do proceed of these two causes (or supplements two manner of ways) the one principal, and the other secondary.  
1 The first or principal, doth proceed of the blessing of God, which in the midst of outward poverty, maketh riches to increase, as the land of Canaan, though of itself fare inferior to other lands, both in quantity and fertility, yet so long as his people had their residence there, it did flow with milk and h●ney, and sustained at one time, eighteen hundred thousand fight men, both besides the tribe of Levi, and what it spared also to send abroad to other nations; yea and all the mighty Kings and judges thereof in more sumptuous manner, many times, than any Monarches ever were before, or after them.  
2 The second, of the virtuous industry of the people of that kingdom, which may be well compared with the industry of the most excellent people of whatsoever kingdom (although they have both greater matter whereof, and a better subject whereon to work.) The first world had almost all things without labour, which fertile kingdoms do yet imitate, that they may have the more time to vice, as they had: but the commendable people of the famous kingdom of Scotland, do surpass all fertile kingdoms in labour and industry, both early and late, yea and sweeting of all the body, as well as the forehead, according to the ordinance of God, pronounced upon the disobedience of our first Parents.  
In city labour, or artificer work, yea or cozening by trade, they delight not to be so expert, as some people of other kingdoms are, neither to maintain unnecessary trades, or such as any wise tend, or be more inclinable to vice then virtue, nor to sell slight or counterfeit wares, under colour of good and upright; nor yet are they any wise so bold either to praise their own wares (at home nor abroad) nor to invite (fare less take hold of) customers, as they pass the streets upon other businesses, to come in, and buy their wares: but as for the most part, they are every way both more conscionable and modest, so many of them likewise have all needful things, both as curious, and fare more substantious to sell, unto such only as do offer to buy, than any others elsewhere.  
Their obedience to the true God and Christ whom he hath sent, and to their superiors, with their commendable industry, and conscionable carriage; yea and their discreet spending on food and apparel, according to their degree (with other respects which may be gathered from other particulars following) are the causes, doubtless, that it hath pleased God to keep that worthy native people together, as the true of spring of the first planters of that land, though always sending multitudes upon all occasions to help other nations, even unto this day, when almost all the world hath turned upside down.  
So the matchless industry, srugalitie, care, and labour of that most virtuous people, is the secondary cause of their equality of maintenance with the people of other kingdoms (both to spend and send) or the supplement of any defect of fruitfulness in that kingdom.  
Which consists rather in careful, diligent, and timely manuring the ground, (both before and after the sowing of the seed) attending their bestial, and in making all kind of cloth, as well linen as woollen; which according to the commendable practice both of Bathsheba, the mother of King Solomon, Dorcas, and other both Noble and religious women, is the laudable exercise also of all the honourable and grave wom●n, throughout the most part of that kingdom, as well City as Country, and that to serve their own families, to give unto those that stand in ne●d, and either to sell at home, or send abroad in exchange for other wares. But they do not esteem virtue to consist in city industry, yea or scarcely any thing done with the needle, worthy of the name of work, except only the making of needful and comely apparel; for howsoever it be thought by others elsewhere, to be virtuous, yet by them, it is either frivolous or ridiculous, or for the most part idle or vicious, because it maintaineth both: yea and the women there, are so grave, shamefast, and modest, yea and so fare from following new fashions, either by changing with the wind, commonly every week, or with the Moon surely every month, that they keep the very surname they have of their father, as well as their christen-name, even from their birth to their death, according to the custom observed, for the most part, in other nations.  
Thus it is apparent by their practice, that these being the three chief, and most commendable points of civil virtue, are therefore to be embraced, and all others that are either repugnant, or not agreeable to any of these, neither are subordinate to serve or maintain all, or any of them, nor yet the actors or instruments thereof in any respect (spiritually nor civilly) can hardly come within the compass of laudable virtue; but rather are, (as they always have been) procuring causes to draw down Gods inevitable judgements upon Kingdoms, Nations, Countries and Cities.  
All virtuous Citizens that do live in a lawful calling, whither they procure much or little by their honest industry, are hereby commended, in that they are under these three sorts comprehended; and in a most special manner those that are most eminent, by their commendable works, as well for the common wealth, as their own particular or private respects, such as either Master Sutton, or Master Middleton at London, or Master Heriot at Edinburgh.  
And again, as it is said of a strong man, that he can live any where, according to that Proverb, Omne solum forti patria; so it may be justly said of Scottish men, that they can live in any part of the world (whither it be inhabited or not) for as they are both most curious and desirous to travel in all nations for attaining of languages, manners, and for supplying of whatsoever defects in their breeding at home, that they may be complete men, as the land of their nativity, is a complete land; so they are most welcome of any people, I think in the world, wheresoever they travel or resort, for not only the nobler or more gentle sort are meet for any rare enterprise of great worth: But likewise the inferiors are bred either to some Art or profession at home before they come forth, or to put their hand to any kind of ordinary work, & to comport with whatsoever kind of entertainment or lodging, yea and to bear with the dispositions of any kind of people, according to reason and discretion: whereas those that come short either in all those or most of them, and yet will travel, would do better to stay at home, and either keep the Tongues at the fire side, or look to the Geese about the doors.  
By consideration of which premises before and after specified, it may be easily observed, that a plantation of Scottish men in any fertile kingdom, doth fare excel so many in number as do come from any other kingdom unto that soil; as we may easily perceive what great policy, labour and industry, they of the Scottish nation have made in the north, yea or worst parts of the kingdom of Ireland, both above the natives, & others of the Southern, best, and most choicest places of the whole land: if withal we will carefully account, or duly respect the great difference or inequality of the places. And by consequence hereof, it may be observed, at least supposed, that if a number were indifferently chosen, in Scotland, brought forth thence, and placed in any kingdom more fertile▪ than it, and as many country men of that kingdom, sent thither in their places, surely it might be well expected, that the one would make such a virtuous and honest shift to labour the ground, and live without any supply at all (but God's alsufficient providence) whereas it might be suspected, that the other would starve and die, if they were not both better and more speedily supplied, than all the industry they could use, whereby to live.  
And to come to an easier and nearer trial, we both see here, and it is known every where, when any generous, or laborious Scottish man is equally matched to work, toil, eat, drink, sleep, travel, yea or fight with any such as himself (by appearance) of any oth●rland, it is ten to one, if he hold not out, and prevail, when the other shall die or give over; which as it is a special cause that Scottish men are generally and universally as well accepted and privileged, as almost the natives of any nation, or at least fare better, than so many such others of whatsoever other nation: so also in that they are so well beloved every where, is a special encouragement for them to travel, as some of them always do, since wheresoever they so journey, they are (for the most part) as duly respected, yea, and upon as reasonable terms, as they are in fare distant parts from their habitation, friends, and acquaintance in their own land.  
The ancient Roman privilege, though it went for current in the behalf of all Romans, throughout all nations, could never in the best time thereof, match this peculiar passage and general acceptation of Scottish men: for belike, the Romans did rather claim it as a kind of homage or obedience due unto them, as being either citizens of Rome, or subjects to the Emperor their head, who had almost subdued all nations, then as a thing any wise belonging to them, through their own desert, or good behaviour: for we see that what privilege, liberty, or toleration soever is taken by compulsion, is not comparable to that which cometh freely by deserved love, or is given by tender affection.  
I will choose two instances, which are most pregnant to our intended purpose, in stead of many others of other kinds, which might also be alleged, were it not for prolixity, which will both give farther light to this point, and show that none hath any just cause to demand, if there be any learned men, or yet fair writers in Scotland.  
1 The first is, whosoever shall examine the practice of learned Scottish men, at home, and compare the same with such others abroad, in any foreign nation, or yet th●ir practice abroad, wheresoever they so journey, and do teach either old or young, and compare the same with those of that profession, who be natives in those places, and then they shall see, that if the fruits of their labours do not surmount all that the natives are able to do, of that profession in that land, they shall equally match them at least, and beside give both better attendance, and take greater pains for discharge of whatsoever duty they undertake to perform, than they, do what they can.  
2 And the next is, Scotland is so fare from being inferior to any other kingdom in any thing needful to the common wealth thereof, that it is rather superior to all kingdoms and nations; for it hath such a near relation to every nation under the sun, that almost there is no commendable art nor profession any where, but either it, or the like is taught, professed, and practised in Scotland, either in Schools or Universities; or else some Scottish man or other, can compass the way, or find out the means whereby to attain both to the knowledge and practice of it; howsoever (by the way) I have heard it often demanded (among other questions) whether or no, there be any Universities there? but I have answered, twice so many as be here: although it were as rare, or excellent an Art, as the Phoenix is a bird, (that cannot live so fare north) yet Scotland itself is both as rare, and fare more excellent, yea and hath many hundreth years longer subsisted (God be praised) than ever any Phoenix lived: & as in handling another point by and by shall be showed, that in several respects, a more excellent and magnific kingdom was never.  
But in the mean time to end this point, Scotland is so fare from yielding to any other kingdom in any thing, that it will not so much as yield, in so mean a thing as Writing, (which if I be well remembered, is reckoned in the last place, among such questions as the common people do usually propound upon all occasions) saving that through modesty, and entertaining of love, it will rather give place to many kingdoms, than take it from any kingdom at all.  
If any of any kingdom will demand any such question any more, though none of all the men of Scotland would deign himself to answer it, because it (being so frivolous) merits no answer, but rather a rebuke, (as I have given to many of the base sort, who have both murmured, and taken exception of my Nation, yea and uttered more, then either I will express, or yet (I think) they would avow,) if they should be called to give a reason or warrant.  
Surely the most rare and curious writs and works of one woman, Esther English by name, which are extant both in his Majesty's Library at Saint james, and in the University of Oxford, and in many other places elsewhere, may be patterns and examples, as well for practise as teaching, both to all the men and women, professors and others▪ that either are or have been in Europe these many years; and yet notwithstanding she would never offer to contend with me in the practice, let be in the art, but not only gave place very freely, after some further notice, than she had received at the first, especially of a Noble man's son of nine years old, whom I had taught to write a number of hands in most excellent manner, who was therefore brought in before the King, as shall be showed hereafter: but likewise she ever behaved herself very discreetly to me, as I always endeavoured both to her, and all others in all things according to my power.  
And besides her, there be many excellent Writers in that kingdom, such as these (which I do specify rather after their age, than either according to their degree or gifts) Master Alexander Paterson, John Matheson, Charles Geddy, John Peter, james Clarke, and Hue Wall●ce; some whereof are very exquisite also in many other hands than be used in Britain: so that in the famous kingdom of Scotland, whosoever should be so curious as to search, from men endued with gifts of the highest degree, even unto the lowest, they would both find, that it is well enough stored with all sorts of learned and excellent men, who profess all needful and commendable Arts, Sciences, and professions; and that some thereof are as exquisite, in what they profess, as any of that profession in any other kingdom or nation.  
And therefore the premises being well considered, I hope no exception shall be any more taken, either of me, or any other of whatsoever degree, in that we have been borne or bred in that kingdom; for if both I and every one should pretermit or pass by such assertions, or rather aspersions against the renown of so worthy and famous a kingdom, which by the right of birth, as well as other respects, we are bound to defend, than it would quickly follow that each one would get way, and so consequently in time it might reach very high. And beside, it is rather a jewish than Christian opinion, to extenuate the commendation of any worthy nation; for the jews undervalved the worthy and honourable City of Nazaret, in that they made question if any good thing could come forth thereof, in respect of the other mighty Cities of judea, wherein belike they more gloried, then glorified God for enjoying of them.  
Then to conclude this point, no prejudicated opinion being any more conceived, no more exception will be any more taken by any, to extenuate whatsoever any of ●hat kingdom hath, which another of another kingdom hath not; and so by this means and occasion, not only the way being rid of all such impediments, to me in this mean particular, it may be the more patent to others in a greater matter: but likewise it being proved by the matchless prerogatives of that ancient kingdom, that it is in many respects, of incomparable fame, (of which prerogatives so great a number of valorous Kings and their royal acts, recorded in so many famous histories, may well be reckoned in the first place, as shall be done God willing, by and by, and that our dread Sovereign, the Kings most excellent Majesty, their lineal successor to reign over that most ancient kingdom, is the most renowned, and famous King in the world.  
So, if all these weighty respects be well weighed, and duly considered, it will follow better thus, then by any other pretended consequence, that there is rather so much the more to be expected of all Scottish men, even because they are Scottish men, yea and that they are so much the more also to be respected, because they have that due and respective honour, title, and prerogative, then if they were of any other kingdom or nation whatsoever; and that by virtue ●f the honour and excellency derived from the head to all the body, and so to every member thereof: therefore this is one of the chief causes, why so many generous Scottish men in their travels almost any where, save in England, neither having lands appropriated unto them, whereby to distinguish themselves from others, of inferior quality, although perchance descended of a worthy and ancient house, nor yet any title conferred on them, but only the general, that they be Scottish men, are preferred (both by getting place and preferment) to many others of other nations, who either have lands or other titles, (besides the denomination of their country) yea, and sometimes both; which is a great cause & encouragement for Scottish men to travel, as they do fare more than others.  
But this one thing yet remaineth to be declared, before we proceed to other matter; it is needful also for the better understanding, and so in some measure, making up a complete sense) both of what hath been said, and is to be spoken to the commendation of the kingdom of Scotland, even to show in what respects, it can but compare with the kingdom of England, let be with other kingdoms, although these so join together, as that they both make but one continent: yea and do almost lie under one climate and Horizon; which one example shall suffice to show how Scotland may compare with other kingdoms, esteeming England in this comparative respect, and many others of other nature, to be as worthy a kingdom (for the quantity) as any in the world. Therefore I will use my best endeavours, to make a short d●scription of both these kingdoms, that the chief cause may both be so much the better, and easier perceived: for apparently they will be rather found to appear in the different use of them, according to the several dispositions, opinions, or practices of the inhabitants of either, then in any correspondency or equality between them other wise: which comparison is very worthy observation, especially by those who would either learn to be good husbands any where, or yet would confer or examine their own private skill, opinion, or practise, with the ancient, public, and approved skill, opinion, and practise of those, who have been both better and longer exercised, in all the several sorts and degrees of good husbandry.  
The kingdom of England is a most excellent, pleasant, and fruitful land, fairly planted, rarely built, and both well enriched and garnished with all sorts of commodities, and objects of pleasure, almost like unto France, which is (thought to be) the garden of the world.  
It pleaseth God, that England yields abundance of increase, in all things needful for this mortal life, but especially those things most intended (or best liked) by the inhabitants thereof, which are indeed (for the most part) as civil, modest, and loving a people, both among themselves, and almost to all strangers (at home & abroad) yea and as faithful, true, and obedient subjects to our and their dread Sovereign, as either we, or any other his Majesty's Subjects, or yet the subjects of any other King, ever were, or can be to any King, Monarch, or Emperor in all the world.  
This fertile kingdom of England, bringeth forth as great plenty of all sorts of grain, and of all kind of fruits and herbs, with milk and honey, and all variety and diversity of other things▪ both for profit and pleasure, that man's heart can desire, for the maintenance and refreshment of natural life, I think as any kingdom whatsoever of the bigness thereof, and so fare as it is sown and laboured: for the inhabitants of England, almost ever since the days of Engist, of whom both the land and they do take the name, have thought it fare more easy, and no l●sse profitable, to reserve many of the best, and most fruitful places of the land, rather for the entertainment of all sorts of bestial, which they delight more and more yet to have multiplied, than for the bearing or increasing of Wheat, Barley, Pease, or Beans; and therefore the common people belike, having greater plenty of all kind of flesh's, than of all sorts of bread, do choose or take occasion to attribute the general name meat, to flesh, rather than to bread, or any other kind of victuals: whether they do it, because they have it most, or love it best, or both, is somewhat questionable, but (notwithstanding all their industry and plenty) one thing is without all question, it remaineth as dear as other things: which is somewhat mitigated, both in their higher valuation of money, and greater plenty thereof, than Scotland hath at this time, because the Court lieth there. I need not to be very prolix in this description, because I know wherein I am either brief or deficient, will be well supplied by the natives themselves upon all occasions, who know their own land better than I, or any other stranger, but now we are all one.  
The kingdom of Scotland, because it doth consist as much in hills, as valleys, and therefore neither altogether so fruitful as England, nor yet lieth so hot towards the Sun: It is the most healthful or well aired land to live in, of any whatsoever, for it hath many high and great mountains, fair and open fields, fresh and fierce running waters, both clear and wholesome, with innumerable springs and brooks mingled throughout the whole land.  
And that I may be the more brief in describing thereof, if the native form & fertility of a whole Kingdom may be understood by the like properties of a Province in another kingdom: then the kingdom of Scotland is most like to the County of Kent of any part in England, & that in divers respects, for though they differ far in quantity; yet not very much in quality, because they aggree in these three.  
Some parts of the realm of Scotland do yield great profit, but little pleasure, safe only the pleasure which doth accompany profit, and these be all the valleys or valley ground (for the most part through the whole kingdom): which (in divers respects) is esteemed either to be better of itself, or else far better laboured, than any of whatsoever kingdom.  
Other parts again do yield great pleasure but little profit, and these be, most of all the hills, banks, moors, and marrishes: for some of these be most convenient for haulking, & others for hunting, because there be greatest store of wild fowl, and venison in these places,  
And some parts are mixed both with all the means, and kinds of profit and objects of pleasure, and these be, these which do consist partly of hill and partly of dale ground, and are situated between the sides of all the rivers, springs, brooks or arms of the seas, and the tops of all the hills, or banks next adjacent or adjoying thereunto.  
These virtuous inhabitants of that worthy nation do sow and labour all the parts of the land that may be conveniently sown and laboured▪ and do yield sufficiency of increase and leave all other parts for grass, hay, woods and parks, so that by the bl●ssi●g of GOD upon their labours, they have both plenty of bread and sufficiency of milk and honey, when as people of other countries (which are both hotter & better, yea and might be easier laboured, for want of labouring) have scarcity.  
This cometh to pass most usually in dry years (such as both the two last, & agreat part of this) when the heat of the Sun burns up even the best grass of their fatt●st ground●, which if it had been applied to corn, the height or length of the stalk or straw thereof would have better borne out against the drought: so that if these people do not learn of laborious Scottishmen, and put their hands better to work, they shall have neither bread nor milk to eat, far less flesh for all their grass.  
But although I might insist largely here not only in describing that famous realm, and the due commendation of the worthy inhabitants thereof, and that for their excellent qualities, (the like whereof so many, or at least in such measure no nation hath) & these be wisdom, fidelity, magnanimity, learning industry, frugality liberality, stability, dexterity, celerity, & patience: but likewise a●l the other matchless properties of that ancient kingdom, which by divine providence do for the most part flow from those, even as they do from the fountain of all goodness: but lest the illustration thereof should be too large I refer the Reader to that Treatise called, The rare prerogatives of Scotland, and do only express them here as I did the other: return to our intended matter, and draw it to a conclusion. The prerogatives are these.  
1. Scotland was never conquered. 2. It hath the greatest succession of Kings. 3. Scottishmen are the most excellent warriors. 4. Scotland is the best fortifier of other nations. 5. The Roman Emperor's wall of defence from the Scots. 6. Scottishmen are most compleetly bred and fatthest traveled. 7. Scotland is an exact abridgement of the whole World. 8 Scotland can best serve itself without traffic 9 Scotland hath the strongest buildings, 10. and the rarest monuments, both natural and artificial of any country. 11. and to crown all the rest, Scotland made the most religious covenant of any nation since the days of the gospel in the happy reign of King james of blessed memory.  
Thus the the whole premises partly expressed and partly to be understood being well pondered and considered, is not the ancient kingdom of Scotland justly esteemed by many, and ought it not to be generally accounted by all, the most renowned kingdom & so his Majesty the most famous King in all the World?  
And will it not it follow by true consequence that a Scot-sman is so much the more able to prosecute whatsoever he undertaketh, and therefore so much the more to be respected by how much he is more ingenuous than one of another nation?  
And why then, is there any more prejudicated opinion taken by any of me in my profession, but rather the possibility thereof more trusted, and the probability more expected, than if I were one of another nation?  
Now I with this little bark being arrived at the haven unto which I intended, and after she and I have both been driven so far out of the way beyond all expectation at the first, & endured so great dangers not only of strong men of war: & contrary winds, but have passed through so many difficulties both of rocks & quick sands, I proceed where I left.  
Howsoever this task of teaching to write in six hours may seem either to be hard or impossible, because it is rare or more than ordinary, yet it is effected by ordinary means through God's assistance, unto whom all good things are possible, whether they be rare or frequent, and who giveth the success to every thing he seethe good, not withstanding all & whatsoever impediments which any way do cross his good purpose.  
And that it hath pleased him (who is the efficient cause of all goodness) first to grant me the knowledge, next the practice, & thirdly the dexterity even to do good to others as well as myself by both: and fourthly to assist me in that profession hitherto, I prove at large in the first part of this work, or Art of Expedition, and that by the manifold effects both of what I (by his assistance) have formerly done, & now profess to do.  
Which if any do distrust, or think still imp●ssible (although very probable) I hope if they will but believe their own eyes even by present ptactise, to give them such content, as henceforth they shall have no reason but to be silent.  
Although the time prescribed be only six hours, yet I do neither exclude longer time, aswell for attaining further perfection of degries and celerity or speed, by much & often practise after, as due theory, true way or perfection of parts both of skill & speed by dexterity or rational knowledge thereof.  
Neither yet do I prescribe so strict or short a time to accomplish this business as a precise task to all alike, because all are neither alike capable to learn, nor alike careful to practise nor yet to practise alike carefully nor constantly what they learn, yea even although they be men of age, learning & discretion, and have time & opportunity.  
And although all that do learn of one teacher may be alike equally taught, yet all cannot be alike speedily taught, because all cannot alike speedily learn; therefore some must have longer time than others, not in their teacher's default, for he can teach them as soon as others, but in their own, who cannot learn so speedily as others, yea and although they could, yet if they be either not so careful to practise, or that they do practise not so carefully and constantly as others, they will come so much shorter of their intent, and so will require so much longer time than others.  
Do not both many of us see by daily practice, and some of us feel by doleful experience, that although painful Preachers do never so equally deliver God's word to all their auditors, yet ●hey cannot teach them all alike speedily, because they cannot all learn alike speedily, neither though they could, are they all alike careful to practise, and far less to do it alike carefully, & constantly, & so in these things stands all the difference.  
Whereby it is evident that although writing be never so equally taught to many, & well learned by some, yet it is only kept by those who practise it, and that both carefully and constantly: at least half an hour in a day, till they have it perfectly.  
Therefore, as there is great difference aswell between teachers and learners thereof as of other things, and sometimes defects on each side for want either of skill or care, if not of both, so there is great difference also between le●●ners through the same defects: as the Sun shining on divers objects maketh diversity of effects.  
FINIS.   

SInce the first sheet hereof was printed, the Professor hath removed to a country house in Kemmington, which adjoineth to Newington-butts, (alitle above the sign of jacobs' Well, about a mile from London, and half a mile from Westminster) where he usually attendeth every morning till ten a clock and the rest of the day at the sign of the Spectacles over against the royal Exchange.