¶ A comfortable Regiment, and a very wholesome order against the most perilous Pleurisi whereof many do daily die within this city of London, and other places: and what the cause is of the same, done by William Bulleyn. December. 8. Anno salutis. 1562. ¶ Imprinted at London, by John Kingston. ¶ To the right worshipful Sir Rob ●rt ●ingf●lde of Lc hryngham knight. WHEN BY THE arguments of most true pedigrees, & old antiquities: it is to be (well) proved, that you are not the fruit that is soon ripe and soon rotten, or came in yesterday and gone tomorrow. But most anciently have come from the elder Britain's, a people worthy of memory, and at that time dwelled in your Castle in wails. Flourishing in knightly estate, and st●●ll have proceeded in the same, being linked with many houses of great honour, favoured of kings, without male fortune, or turning the globe backward, as it is sometime spiteful alas, against great Princes themselves These things considered, it is a good argument of God's ●●. viii. blessing to the third and fourth generation, of them that fear him: and long life do happen to them that honour their parents. And that is the cause of your long branches deep roots and hard foundation, not upon the slipping sands: but upon the rock of honour, invincible to be cast down, as long as you do unfeignedly love God, and foresee th'end. These your virtues are more to be commended, than the air or placing of your mansion is to be praised, near unto waters, moist meadows, & misty rotten fens: also the said mansion standeth, very low, environed with a deep water, and your woods, hills, & sweet fields but a little to far of. And albeit, that many of our worthy ancestors, did run to the uttermost step of nature, yet divers of them were trapped, and overthrown in their race by death, in their tender, or lusty years, a● appeareth by their Epitaphs, fixed upon their solitary tombs and graves lying in your church of Lethringhan (and although as the proverb saith: that the young lambs skin do come to the market, as soon as thold sheeps. Yet the old sheep, when he can live no longer for age: the Lambs and lusty young sheep do perish, through rotten air, and pestilent pasture, in corrupted soil). Even so unclean air, as a cause primitive, do bring the cause Antecedente. To corruption of humours, stopping the natural virtues, infecting the blood, breeding sundry Apostumations, sores, and sicknesses in the body, and finally cometh the cause conjunct, and finisheth the malice and extreme vengeance against nature: and killeth the body, except God by miracle, medicen by virtue, nature by strength do prevail. This evil considered, I am so bold t● dedicated unto your Mastership, this small Regiment, against the Pleurisi which have slain many hundreds: shortly, the causes, signs, and cures: that it may please you to read them for in the time of occasion, they shall not be hurtful. But comfortable to as many as will consider them well: and to this Book I shall GOD willing, shortly add. thirty. sicknesses more, their causes, signs, & cures, with diat accordingly to them. Thus wishing your increase of health, worship and long life: and to my good Lady, and your children the same. From London. Your masterships ever. William Bulleyn. Anno salutis. 1562. W. B. To the reader. GOod reader, through the sins of this wicked world, GOD almighty have placed over us, two. mighty sharp plagues, which he do threat us with all. The one from cold Saturn, in the ancient house of sickness, threatening to the aged and Melancholic, many evils to the body, as quartans, Consumption. etc. And horrible bloody Mars. creepeth into the house of death, armeth himself with Fire and Dart▪ threatening the Chollorike with short, hot, and painful death. etc. These are two evil neighbours to dwell in one year so near together, God of his mercy govern them, which have all things in his hands, both life and death, and defend us from such vengeance, as we have deserved. And grant that this little Regiment, may do pleasure and comfort unto them, which do read it: and with diligence soberly observe it to God's glory, their own help, against this dangerous plague. GOD of his mercy grant it, and that we may amend, and remember our end. AMEN. Deu. xxviii The Lord shall smite thee with swelling▪ with fevers, heat, burning, and with the sword. etc. A regiment against the Pleurisy. O Death, saith the Wiseman, Eccle. xx● and. viii. how bitter is the remembrance of thee, to that man, that seeketh rest and comfort in his substance, and worldly riches: Unto the man that have nothing to vere him, and that hath bodily fortune and prosperity in all things: yea, unto him that is yet able to receive his food. O death, how acceptable and good is thy judgement, unto the poor and needful: and unto him whose strength ●aileth, and that is in his last age, and that in all things is full of ●are and fearfulness. And to him that is in despair, and poverty, kene●se & a● are the gr●●test enemy man●e. have no hope, nor patience. Be not afraid of death: remember them that have been before thee, and that come after thee. This is the judgement of the Lord God over all flesh: and why wouldst thou be against the pleasure of the highest? Whether it be ten, one hundred, or a thousand ●eres, Death asketh not how long one have lived. And for Adam's disobedience, no flesh shall escape that Sentence, that thou shalt return, into the dust or clay ene. iij. whereof thou wert made. And although the Philosopher naturally do define, death, to be the separation of the body from the soul: without meeting again for ever. And that the cause of death, is coldness and dryness. Frigiditas, & ficcitas, ●ristot. de ●ngitudine ●bre. vit. and that life doth consist per calidum & humidum, and what so ever is corrupted, or killed, is destroyed of his contrary. etc. These are natural causes to mortal men, not repugnant to reason: but to ascend and climb above reason, apprehending ●●ithe is a●●ue reason. faith, the perfit way to everlasting life: there we shall plainly see, the cause of death is sin, and of our help again in Christ. Andthus it is proved by the Apostle saint Paul. Rom. 5. As by one man sin entered into the world, and death by the means of sin: even so Death also went over all men. etc. And grace, life, and salvation came by jesus Christ, which died for us ●he cause of ●ath, ●s sin all. Now, we that do believe in jesus Christ, do well know the cause of death is nothing but sin: but yet this sin, which is a strong enemy unto grace, is of such force, that it moveth GOD, grievously to plague us, by sundry means, and maketh Death fearful, painful, and horrible, specially to them, which live not to die, and care for nothing, saying in their souls, there is no GOD: and this is the Psalm. xi job. xiv. misery that job said: Man that is borne of a woman, liveth but a short time, and is full of misery, and that was well said. And of this his lamentation, may well be gathered two evils: The one of the Two gre● miseries. mind, as ignorance, hardness of heart, evil thoughts, wrath, zeal, fearfulness of conscience, Idolatry, whoredom. etc. with infidelity the mother of mischief, which evil or misery, moveth God to plague the world, with outward miseries: as when Moses said unto Israel, if you disobaie your Lord your GOD, your blessings shall turn into cursings, as in field and town, the riches into poverty, destruction of cattle, fruit and corn, children, shame rebuke, bondage, captivity: botch, plague and Pestilence. etc. Read the. xrviij. of Deuteronomium, and there you shall see all these miseries that job do mean, and the causes of all our plagues: and thereby all men may perceive, it is only God, that blesseth and curseth in every age, all people, that do strive against him. What should I rehearse, how Sodom perished e'en. nineteen. with fire from heaven: Or how jerusalem perished in hunger, eating of their amenta●iō jeremy. whipped. iiii. osephus de ello ludae. own dung & children also, with swords beasts, and fire. etc. What do this help to a great number, but rather with Pharaoh, do indurate their hearts against grace: God plagueth no people, but first do admonish them, saying: Turn unto ●alach. iij. me, and I will turn unto you, saith the lord. And in the Psalms saith the Prophet: this day if you will hear his voice Psal. 84. ●ebre. iiii. harden not your hearts, as in the provocation, and as in the temptation in the wilderness. etc. But rather prevent, and let us worship and fall down before the lord our maker: For he is the Lord our God, and we are the sheep of his hands. And let us confess our sins before God, with the holy Prophet Daniel, that we have sinned. Y● O Lord, unto us, to our Kings ●aniel. ix. and princes, to our forefathers, and to us all, that have offended thee, belongeth open shame: But unto thee, O Lord our God, pertaineth mercy and forgiveness: as for us, we are gone back from him, and have not obeyed the voice of the Lord our GOD, to walk in his laws, which he laid before us, by his servants the prophets: yea, all Israel have transgressed, 2. Reg. 24. and gone back from thy law, so that they have not hearkened to thy voice. Wherefore, the curse and oath, that is written in the law of Moses, the servant of God, (against whom we have offended) is poured upon us. Let us not forget, how that God will for the sins of kings, sometime The people ●lagu●d for the sins o● Princes. punish the people: as example for David's sin, God did in three days kill of the people of Israel▪ l●●. M. men, and yet suffered David to live. Take example by that plague, how to fear god, oh princes. A most fearful mortality of the Pestilence, both of man and beast, fell upon Exod. viii ix. x. and Pharaoes' land, the first begotten of every living thing, for rebelling against God, were suddenly slain of the plague. The plague of Israel, is to be had in perpetual remembrance, where many thousands were destroyed of the Pestilence, for the whoredom of Israel. Cicero lib. i●. de oratore, showeth that L. Crassus' a noble learned man, and a famous Lawyer, in the same day, when he sudden ●●r●e picu●sie. mos●● sharply pleated against Philip the Consul, he died of the Pleurisy. Volateranus the famous historiographer, most fearfully affirmeth, to the terrible example of all men. That there was a Pestilence at Constantinople, whereof died three. C. thousand, in a small tyme. At Florence. Anno dm̄. 140. There was thirty thousand men, women, and children, died of the Pestilence. Anno. 1348. was a wonderful hunger and Pestilence throughout the world, especially in Italy, scant. x. did l●ue, whereas. C. died. The same year at Paris in France died of the Pestilence. l. M. persons. And this year, ●no dm̄. ●. D. lxij. there is hunger, sword, & pestilence also. About that time, when the Cimbrians came over the Alpis, there was sothe a battle seen in the heaven, that from the ●ornyng, until night it appeared, saith P●inie. And the Moon reigned blood, great pestilence did follow, & mortal battle: that the bones of the slain, did make many walls about the vineyards, after many years. Now, let us come home to our own ●ealme, and not forget how God plagued all this land, with hunger and pestilence ●oste fearfully, that there was scant the ●iuyng left, to bury the dead. The whole state destroyed, the Commons wasted: and finally (the sinful) king Cadwalider the ●aste of the Britain's, poorly departed ●o Rome, where antichrist do dwell, ●nd there was buried: Whose roots and branches of honour, had remained and ●rowen in the Britain land, by the space ●f. 1822. years ante m●ar. And through Pride and extortion of the great men, Anno dni. vi. c. lxvii. ●hickednesse of the judges, Idolatry, ●nd covetousness of the Cl●rgte, reb●l●on of the poor men: all went to havoc ●nd came suddenly to nothing, but mischief in few days, woe and wretchedness. In king Uortigers days, such lechere, Anno dni▪ cccc. xlv. dr●nknes, idleness, specially did reign in the great men, that soche evil did en crease, that God poured for the such Pe stilence every where, with hunger, robbing, insurrection, and plague: that few were left alive to till the ground, where upon the king was forced, to fetch in for rain people, by Hengis and Horsos, the strangers to his destruction & his people In these days were many sicknesses, Anno dni. 476. uncurable to be healed: God's wrath was so hot, and virtue so cold. Sun after the conquest, of king William, Anno dnj. M. lxvii. duke of Normandy, when the people were subded to him, his enemies vanquished, and the knights Fees rated, and himself placed with Crown and sceptour. The king took the number of the acres of Land, in all this realm, the names and numbers of all the people: and also had knowledge, what cattle there was in all the land. After which suddenly ensued such hunger, and cruel fears● hot burning Botches, Pleurisis, and Pestilence, that the people died in soch● number, that till age decayed, and famin● ensued with rot of cattle. A fearful ex● ample to Princes, the noble men and commons of every land, where such plagues do come: that neither Physic nor money can help. For Solomon saith, riches shall not help in the day of vengeance, but righteousness shall deliver from death. The plagues in the days of Edward Plague's King Edward the▪ 〈◊〉 and king ●●ward the ●●wert● day the iii & Edward the. iiij, of most fearful pestilece of many thousands in this realm in every place: great famine did follow with his. ij. servants, heaviness of mind and poverty. And in every kings days sins, either the Pestilence with the botch, the small sparkling Pox, the cruel quartain, the hot inflamed Pleurite, the strangling Squinance, the lepros French Pox, or the sudden smothering sweat, have slain many one. These are gods plagues, Plagues. God's vengeance, scourge & instruments for his enemies: as the present grievous plague in France, of persecution, hunger, sword & Pestilece, in these pitiful days, & sorrowful time. But Exsurgat deus, and confound his enemy, the cruel duke of Guise, which the bludsheding papists Also of his mercy and pity, defend our realm from all enemies, both against almighty God, and the queens Majesty, God preserve her: & give grace good God to every man, to live in thy blessed rules, which we have professed in our baptism, to fight against the vain world, the crafty devil, and filthy flesh: and to run the race in that path, which God have commanded us to walk in. To hear his voice, to bear his cross, to obey his ministers, to love our brethren: to hurt no man by word or deed, to do as we would be done to. And then we shall not need to fear death: for it shall be our best ●he life of a ●risten man. exchange, into an happy land forever, where no trouble is, nor the turning wheel of Fortune. And this is a good way, this is to seek first the kingdom of Christ, and all good gifts will follow. This is lath. vi. our foundation, even Christ, which giveth health to body and soul: which worketh both by mean and Miracle. By miracle, when with his word he raised ●on. xi. the dead. etc. By means, when with clay, spittle. etc. He made the blind to see, lark. seven. and the deaf to hear, and by this mean we may use also means in his name, ●o heal our brethren that are sick: which mean, if it be his blessed will to prosper it, I will do my good will, to set forth the cause, signs, and cure of the perilous Pleurise: which have s●ain a great number of people, November and December 1562. And thus I begin the matter, as followeth. A Pleurise is a certain ap●s●umaciō bred in the Pellicles of the ribs, & Lacertes, between the said ribs: and sometime in the place called Midriff, The di●inic of a Pieur●●. or Diaphragma. And it is also to be noted, that the breast is compact with. xxiv. ribs, between the same are certain Lacertes, to bind close, or draw together: & also to spread or delate. For the attraction of the air to the Canill bones and breasts. etc. To expulse the superfluous matter, contained within the Pellicles & thin skin, or Membrana, which are within the ribs In this place is bred a painful, dangerous apostumation, with peril of life, either in the lift or right side: creeping with his venom unto the Furculer or Canill bones and breast. And also descending with painful soreness under the rim, called the Diaphragma, or Midriff: and this sickness do daily kill many men, women, and children, very suddenly, and bring them quickly out of the wa●e, from this world. The common people, which do not know how to cure it, and call it a new sickness, which have been ever, lacking help by God's ministers, or mean of the Physician, whom the almighty have ordained for infirmity: where as one do escape by God's providence, or strength of nature, ij. c. give place to life, for want of his singular mean of cure, by Medicene. The same God be always praised for his mercy to us, for his blessing of knowledge, the mother of medicen, in the time of sickness. Note also, that there be two kinds of too sundry ●leurisis. Pleurisis, th'one called verae, or the certain true Pleuriti. The other mendosa, or else non verae, the false, or not the true Pleurisy there is no distin●c●ō between them in their places or members (as some learned men do sa●e) but of the matter contained. It is also called the very Pleurisy, when it cometh of blood, or mingled with blood and choler. The false Pleurisi, is when it cometh of phlegm, or of melancholy. This ●ote apostumation of the Pleurisy Verae. is not, except his essence being, and dolour be within the Pellicles: and the o●her is without, as among the Lacertes or pellicles, Non vera covering the ribs, & near the short ribs, which are under the Midrif. further it is to be well noted, that every pleurisy have three sundry causes. 1. primative. 2. Antecedent. 3. conjunct. THe cause primative, cometh many Primitive ways, as (God comfort them) a great number of poor people, for want of clear Ale, Bear, or Wine, are forced to drink cold water, whereas a great number of monstrous drunkards, have abundance of all drinks, until drink have consumed them, and never seize, in consuming drink. Also through eating of unripe fruits & herbs, or rotten mutton, drunkard or taking either to much sudden heat or cold, in, and after travail, labour, or play used immoderately, out of order, wanting witty foresight or providence, to foresee this great peril, distempering the body, and procuring the most dangerous pain or sickness. To this primative cause may be joined grossness of the air, the time of the year, and the natures of the Wind. As the Prince or spring of Physic, saith. Aphori. 33. lib. 3. Hyenie vero morbi laterales. etc. In Winter, saith he, Pleur●ses, sornesse of the lungs, rheums and coughs, do rain in Winter. Further saith he. Apho. 5. lib. 3. Quando praevaluerit aquilonia tempestas. etc. When ●rth▪ ind ploughs. the North wind bloweth a long time together, than it breedeth Cough, Collikes, and Pleurises. And also it destroyeth many women, causing them to bring forth abortives, and untimely fruits, before their maturitée or ripeness, and them selves die, before age do prevent them, or youthful years forsake them. Therefore, ●deracion c. let all people take heed of extremities and use moderate mean, in labour, erercise, eating and drinking. And observe the time of the year, region, complexion, qualities and age, therefore both men and women, must give none occasion thorough abuse of themselves, to be hurtful to themselves. As to take great cold after sweeting, labour, wrestling, dancing. etc. Or to drink cold water, in the time of heat: or lie against the ground, in the gardens or fields. etc. ¶ Cause Antecedent. WHen these former evils primative, have made nature passive, and subject to them with infection, than it cometh to pass, that repletion of humours, proceedeth against nature, with abundance and fullness. Corrupting the blood, both vital and nutrimental, obstructing or stopping their virtue and course, boiling and adusting the natural virtues. Sometime it may begin of the primative, as in drinking much new Wine: which have tartarum in it, or such Beware ● new win● dregs hurting the body. Read Anicen de vino, and what mischief cometh of evil Wine, take experience of them, which are hurt by the same evil new wine. ¶ Cause conjunct. WHen as the primative have begun ●oniuncte. the cause, the Antecedent take his effect, the more venomous against nature, working all things to the worse part: preparing, even as the Hen sitting upon her Egg. Now cometh to the conjunct, and bring forth the Chicken, & finish th'apostumation in the Pellicles or skin in the ribs, Panicles and Lasartes, & then cometh the putrefaction, after it is placed and gathered together into a sore. Note also, that every cough, without ●●ugh is not always a ●●●ne of the ●●euriti. the foresaid signs joined to it, is not the very Pleurisy: for than it would make a great number afraid when the● cough, (as we do see the poor people) as the ploughman, boys, Neteherdes, and shepherds, and them which go barefooted, or tenderlynges with lined Shoes, furred gowns, & double caps God wot, which do take cold also, and escape the same with out peril of death, or the very Pleurisy, but not without sickness often times. And these signs shall serve to know the Pleurisy: if you mark them well. As do follow. 1. Pricking in the side. 2. Sharp fever. 3. Short breath. 4. Cough with headache. 5. Swift pulse, without order or tyme. ¶ The first. THe first is painful pricking, with Pricking the side. a sharp pricking under the side, by the reason of the hot apostumation, of hot Blood or Choler, being placed upon the Lacertes, and the rim or skin by the ribs: which are very sensible, and some do feel, and are quickly offended with any thing, that do oppress or touch them, by any such evil means. Read Galen. v. de inter. cap. ij. ¶ The second. A Sharp fever, or heat above nature, A sharp fever. by the reason of oppilation, or stopping of the way of respiration, or clean drawpng air or breath, by thinstruments of the lungs to the heart: through which evil matter choking the way, being chouched near the heart, putrefaction do follow, with her disparced foul smoke, or feverus air: also there is vicinite or nearness between the Lacertes, whereas this evil matter is contained. And the heart being the Prince of life, wherein the blood vitalle is placed, and now standeth the heart in peril, through this fever joined with the Pleurisy, or pricking in the side. Note also, that every pricking that ●ery pric●g in the ●, is not the ●●uriti. seem to be in the side, is not the Pleurisy: as the sickness of the spleen, wind. etc. But every Pleurisy have pricking in the side, the causes are declared before manifestly. ¶ The third. Shortness of breath, or much difficulty ●ortnesse ●reather to draw it, the pain is so moche, through the foul matter or filthy humours, oppressing, binding, and letting the instruments of breath or wind: to use their natural working with all, in conveying air up & down, with out which none can remain alive, but turn soon to corruption, because they want the Organ, which are the bellows conveying hot vapours forth, & letting infreshe air, to comfort the life. For, man do not live by meat and drink only, but also by air: for lacking air, bringeth air. death, and what should the dead do with meat or drink. And Hippocrates do prove, every living thing, both man, beast, trees, and herb, are nourished of three things: as meat, drink, and air, saying. Corpora enim omnia tum hominum, tum reliquorum quoque animantium Hyppocr. de flatib. a triplici nutrimento sustentatur horum, autem nutrimentorum nomina hec, cibus potus, spiritus. ¶ The fourth. THen cometh the painful cough, through stopping, straightness, and pain in the member, of the spirits of breath and air, called the lungs, nature feeling foul corrupted matter: What dang is in cough the lungs. creeping sharply into the straight passage of the breast, and so to the lungs, and is hard to be expulsed, and so is the cough finished, which is no small ruin to life, a shorter of time, & coupled with death itself, except cure prevent it with speed. ¶ The fift. ANd pulse of the arms or legs, that ●ulse. do beat, always moving the heart carrying up & down the blood and spirit of life: whereas the Physician providently (in feeling of them) do judge the state of the body: observing what may chance to the patient, either life or death. And in this sickness of the pleurisi, the pulse, as Galen all firmeth de causis pul. textu. 8. they are quick and thick, without rule, unequal, & beateth up and down like unto a saw in property: swift the one way, & slack or stopping 〈◊〉 pulse in 〈◊〉 P●e●●iti. the other way. Because the members in whom the apostumation is placed, is si? new and skinny, and the pulse is hard, & sine we also, with cottes from the heart. And the more this dolorous sickness do augment, with th'increase of pain, then the more crueller the pulse do beat, both swiftlier, quicker, stronger, & unequal, keeping no time. ¶ The times of the Pleurisy, are four in number. 1. Beginning. 2. Augmenting. 3. State. 4. Declining. IN the beginning the accidences, with small pain, little ague, and the cough scant perceived: and no spittle but thin, cold, and watery. And continueth Who so in th● beginning 〈◊〉 the Pleurisy do spit wel● do shorten the sickness. but three or four days, according to the quantity of the matter, and the strength of the natural virtues. Augmenting, when the spittle do begin to ware gross, and in colour red or green: with increase of pain, beginning with signs aforesaid, and then the spittle is moist raw and loathsome. The state is, when as the spittle, which is cast forth by the mouth, is digested easily spit forth, altered in colour Gal. Aphc xii. lib. i. to whitishenes, and is so cocted and warmly baked in the breast, that it can not be increased, or grow any higher or greater, but the matter is now spit forth, and ready to decline and amend the patient. But if it be long time, raw and coide, Perilous signs to be o● served in th● sickness of th●●●de. Read Gale. aphc Hypp. i. xi and the patient can not well spit, than it is perilous: and when much watch, and no sleep will follow, with pain in the head, redness of the face, shortness of breath, and the frenzy with idleness of words, laughing and weeping coupled together, with sudden mutations of the mind: these are perilous signs, fearful & dangerous to the Pleuritike man. And if a voluntary flux in the ●leuritf. flux of the belly, do suddenly follow in the pleurisy: or chough of the lungs, as hip pocrates affirmeth, is perilous. A morbo laterali vel pulmonio hahito alui proflwium adveniens maluin. Aphoris. 16. lib. 6. Declining, or when nature have cast forth his venom: and when the malice of corrupted humours, have done their worst, and are overcome by the natural virtues and medicen. Then, although the body be very weak, yet by little and little, nature will help herself, and recover health again. Note further, who so have the pleurisy, and is not purged in fourteen days, the flux will turn to sanius matter as Hippocrates do affirm: Si pleuricjs in xiv. diebus non purgantur. etc. And furthermore, if this Pleurisy be turned into sanius, or evil corrupted matter, and digested, cleansed, or purged within forty days following, the breaking forth of the same matter: the patient shall do well, if not purged, then shall he fall into a consumption: as the divine Hippocrates saith. Quicunque ex morbo lateralj suppurantur. Si in quadraginta diebus purgantur. etc. Aphoris. xv. lib. v. Therefore, let all people beware in the declining and mending, for fear in eschuing Scylla Charybdem do not destroy them: that is from one mischief to an other, from sick bed, to rotten grave. Note also, that with riping syruppes or medicen for the Pleurisic: that there be no more matter made ready, to be spit forth, than the patient may well cast forth at ones, or by little and little: therefore, Prepare no more matter than may be spette casette forth, by little and little. give the Syruppes, according as the patient may have strength, to convey the same. For, like as many for lack of riping medicens do die: even so others are strangled & choked, when it stop the throat with coming abundantly, and want strength & time, to utter the same by order. The Pleurisy either true or false, are in four sundry bodies: and are seen by the spittle and urine. etc. proceeding of the Pleurisy foe▪ were ways. great burden or abundance of humours in the liver, Spleen. etc. Or rheum drop▪ ping down, into the extreme muscles o● the breast. etc. To the j Bloody or sanguine swet● cruente spittle, with vrin● red. ij. Cholorike people, spittle yellow, urine yellow with great pain and headache. iij. Phlegmatic frothlie and gross white spittle, with urine whitish & gross, with lesser pain. iiij. Melancholic blackish spittle with urine of the same colour. NOw sir, if this Pleurisy do come Galenus de quatuor ●umoribus of the abundance of blood, which do exceed with boiling heat, so that the patient do spit blood. The● saith Galen, let the patient be let blood (in the same side) that the pain may diminish Blood letting ●uste be on he pained de: but may of the old ●riters hold he contrary. for the Arabians, as Avicen, Races, Hail Serapias, and also many of the Latins did begin the cure, to help the Pleurisy with blood letting. Where as blood do abound open the vain: Vbi Sanguis vehementer abundat, ibi secare venam licit. But when the plethoric or body is full of evil humours, Celsus. be taken with the Pleurisy, than Galen. li. it is neither good, to begin with hot fomentes of herbs, attractions or Oils to Note. the sick or painful place. For like as the hot things do steer and move the place even so they draw more to hurt the body then cleanse by evauporation by the poors therefore, such fomentes as are applied to the place, are not to be used, if they do not ease and help the pain quickly: and so Hippocrates lib. two. Vict. acut.. Therefore nothing ought to be first taken in hand, to be drawn forth, excepted the matter be before riped, and made apt to run, and smoke forth without stop, therefore the matter called flegmon, or an exceeding hot inflammation, burning above nature, infecting the rest of the blood: and with the fire and heat thereof, infecteth the whole blood. Nothing is better to quench, and also diminish the same sooner, then to open the vain, that have society and fellowship therewith: not onelic the Pleurisy is helped by opening the jecor or liver vain But also all burning agues, so it be opened ●alenus in ●den. febri●s. i. apho. ●men. 24. soon after the beginning, according to the age, strength of the body, and colour of the blood. And in this grievous sickness, I have good experience by myself and others, the patient shallbe vehement dry above measure, coveiting drink: in this case, there is nothing better to drink, Note. than Ptisan, that is to say, clean peeled, hulled or cried Barley without rind, sodden, as I will note hereafter, and to drink it continually two days: and at night to drink Almond milk made of Ptisan, called Barley water. Or the thin broth of a chicken, if the patient be weak. And to wards the declining of the sickness, to eat small fish, that feed in fresh rivers upon the stones is good, as Minewes, Gudgeons, good diate and also Smeltes are good meat in clean sweet broth. And lie upon the side that is grieved, or towards the same, and beware of these four things following, which are great enemies to life. Read Galen lib. two. de tuenda Sani. i Capi. And also four other things to them. From j Fear, which choleth the heart with blood. ij. Ire, which withdraweth the blood contrary from the heart. iij. Dred, which bridgeth sudden weakness to all the body. iiij. Care, for things done and passed. v. Sharp things, as Vinegar, or things binding. vi. Wine, which inflameth the blood. seven. Spise, as Pepper, Grains, Ginger are burning. viii. Salt, for nipping and fretting. THese passions of the mind, are worse than the Pleurisy itself: and the body being sick, and having Perilous danger. these affections or motions is like fire, and gunpowder together, which will make short work, sooner for the grave, then for the Physician. Of this you may read in my Bulwark, and the fruits of them. Now further to the purpose, and cure of the body, not plethoric, or not full of evil humours. Thus you must begin as followeth to help, if God say Amen. After that the vain is opened, let it bleed until it do alter and change, into a better colour, red and clear, observing the strength, time and age. fear not to let boys and children blood in this case of six, seven, or eight years of age, some ounces two, according to their stength, keeping all such as be let blood from sleep after, during four or five hours after the said blood letting. And one great learned famous Doctor of this time, called Amatus Lucitanus of lanua, of good judgement, and great experience, do vouch my sayings to be true, for letting children blood. He hath written goodly books of Physic, commending blood letting very moche: of which blood letting, I will speak more at large here following. Next blood letting, as Leonardus Futchius saith ●tchi de ●dendis ●rbis. li. 2. follow with a gentle Clyster, if nature of herself do not purge, going to the stole, casting for the excrements, and then take heed. ¶ A Clyster. Take the leaves of Mercury, purple Violets, Spinach, chicory of the garden, of each of them one handful, clean Barley one ounce: seeth altogether in a just quantity of clean water, unto the third part do remain in seething, of the which portion, take a pound weight, putting thereunto new drawn Cassia Fistula, from the cane one ounce and a half, and the Oils of Chamo●ill, and Violets of each one ounce and a half, new fresh butter half one ounce, white Salt one dram, that is the eight part of an ounce, mingle altogether, and make your Clyster, conveying it neither to warm, nor to cold ¶ another Clyster. Take Mallows, Blittes, Barley hulled, Leonel. F▪ vent. de ● of each one handful, sodden in water till the part be wasted of this water, being strained from the herbs and Barley, take xv. ounces, in which dissolve Cassia Fistula and red sugar Candie, of each one ounce, oi●● of violets. iij. ounces, salt drams. ij 〈…〉 ●olke of one Egg, & make as before. When the body is gently eased by this Clyster: then nothing is better, then to apply a foment in manner following, to the pained place. ¶ A Fomentum. TAke Chamamill, Melilote, Dill, ●oment or ●ashyng. the sedes of Flax or Lint, Fenicreke called Farnigrece, Bran, of each half one handful: seeth these in running water, asmuch as shall suffice, a pottle if you will or more, & with a sponge hot in this water, often times apply it to the pained place, both to humecte, moist, and make soft, & to open the place of the pours also. You may take Wormwood, Chamamil Dil, Primrose leaves, Rose leaves, Flax bladder th' herbs. seed and Melilote, of each like quantity, with Oil of Roses, running water, put them in a strong Ox bladder, make fast the mouth with a thread, and then seeth this bladder in a Kettle of water, until it be hot: then take it forth, and put it in a thin linen cloth, and warm lay it just to the place, which is pained of the Pleurisi verae. But if it be not the very Pleurisi, but windy, then make a dry bag as do follow, & warm apply it to the place. ¶ The bag or twilt for the Pleurisy. TAke the seed called Millium, tars, & Brome, of each one hand full, Sal●e one handful: you may put in wormwood to this if you will. Mingle them together, & twilt them in a linen cloth, then fry them to warmness & dryness in apan, with a little strong Vinegar, and warm apply it to his side. Of this read Leonellus Faventinus, & Leonardus Futchius, in their wholesome learned regiments of health, or medicines. And old Hippocrates. two. rege. acuto. cap. iii. many do use to draw forth Sanius matter by boxing, but yet let it ripe first. Note also, that Ebony mesueus saith to box, do nothing else, but to draw evil matter from the bottom of the stomach, A good saying of Met for boxing unto the skin, & that is perilous so to do, as many rash Surgeons, through the counsel of the like Physicians, do use the same. And except that body be made clean first by purging, or blood letting, boxing do bring evil matter to the pained place, & there do increase & multiply the pain, causing the dolour to be the greater, to the peril of life. Furthermore, in this dangerous sickness to mankind, whereof a great number have perished, many years past, & daily do and hereafter shall: because they neither do well consider the causes, signs cure, diat, & Symptomata or mischief that may follow as the Perepneumonia that is thinflamationinflammation at the humation in lungs is. of the lungs, with a sharp fever, and shortness of breath, through that hot burning apostumation, bred in the lungs, of blood & choler, dryness of tongue, lack of sleep, with swelled eyen, loathsomeness of meat, & consumption at hand. In this foresaid Pleurisi I do say, which is between ij. extreme fires or perilous ramping Lions: many pretty Physicians do step to the door, & beat the dog with the next staff that cum to hand hand overhed, happy man by his dole, god ●e salve for ry sore. send their pacientes good luck. For, look what medicen they have most gain by, or that can purge most quickly, no further they will go, they will not set a new vessel abroach as long as they have old in store: let that sickness be what it willbe, for money sake, they care not, which end do go forward they ●●acridion 〈◊〉 kill ma●●one. will utter their Diacridion, Scamony. etc. They will be their own Apothicares, and sum of these are suffered to paul & practice, Chance medley. to the hurt of many, & help of none, but by chance medley, or good hap or they witted. O there would do good, gratis to the common people, which people are in extreme poverty, charity ● help at ned King Henr providence, Physician punish offe● dours, an● maintain charitable. both according to charity & art, and finally, permission of the late sovereign and mighty prince, king Henry th'eight. Anno. 34. and that act sins was not frustrate, but stand in good effect at this day, not one lie to punish them, which liveth by secret spoil, & under the name of Physicians, do hurt & hinder the ignorant poor people. But also quietly to suffer them, which of charity do help sores, agues, stone. etc. Yet Stumble● at strawe● these stumblers at straws, & lepers over blocks, do not a little vex themselves, swelling & panting for pain, crying as the Pharisees did, nos legem habemus et secundum legem debet solvere, quia medicum se fecit. And who so do minister Physic without our licence, shall pay for every month. v. li. And thus they would bring a liberal art into bondage to them, which are not of their fraternity, nor yet offend the law: this is for the exceeding affection, that they have to gold, whom they do love with ●hat thing best belo●● among ●●citons physicians. all their hearts, and silver as their selves, more than to have desente, comely, and charitable orders. It is they that do abuse their poor neighbours, not helping them that are in sickness, sornesse, and extreme heaviness: wrapped with many calamities ●he misery poor poo●e, in the ci●, and other aces. as ardent fevers, Pleurises, repletions of humours, swellings, Wens, small Pox, flires, which have not to help themselves in Physic, for counsel or medicens, either to Doctor, or the apothecary. I mean none, that either are relieved in the almoshouses, or Hospitals. etc. But a great number of poor Citezems, and strangers dwelling in poor houses, having ●any Doc●rs chari●s to the ●re people. nothing to take to, but in a manner for want of health and wealth, the bag and the staff at hand: having also poor young children sick by them, with small comfort, either with meat or medicine. I do see no Doctors Meules at their doors. In this respect, and to none other end, I have used Physic to them that are in this case, because I can not spin, or go to plough: as for the rich, I do commend them to the Doctors, and the great learned men, as best worthy they are: both to receive rewards and honour, yea, of kings, as it is written. Honora medicum What is d●● for the Phi● sition. propter infirmitatem, etenim illum creavit altissimus, a deo enim omnis medela, & a Rege accipiet dominationem. And as for the poor, if they call upon God and be patient in the time of trouble, he Psalm. l. will deliver them, and help them, and heal their sores, and be their defence. To conclude with enemies, like as of late I have builded a book, called a Bulwark, even so now I do perceive, there is an assault and battery prepared, to overthrow it by slander, with evil words, to them, which give them credit: yea, of them, which are counted more learned than wise (Ah? Periant The great●●larkes ar● not commonly the wiser men. verbis qui credula pectora falluut.) But because I am warned, I will be armed, in the defence of the same: seeing it was mine own travail, & none others, I will also keep watch & ward all this Winter, and make trenches for the same with my poor pen. And these medicens for the pleu rise, are the first part of my water work about my said Bulwark: which I will garnish about, with a strong countermure and within shallbe raised a mighty mount ●ulleyns ●ke of health called Health. Whereupon th'arms of old Hippocrates, Galen. etc. shall stand: their coats and colours. I will advance my pen in their defence, against any that of arrogant malice shall write any thing, repugnant against my poor travel, profitable to a public wealth. So long as I with authority shall proceed. following them that have knowledge, and experience of old, and not of curious, fine, golden, money lovers, which can pick out of pispottes to moche gain. And when I do err, I will be reform by the most ancient also, which have left their jewels behind them. As Gal. Paul. etc. And of non that with backbiting, or brawling, shall dispute, object, reply, or judge against me of malice, like skoldes. Thus wishing moche health, & small occasion of ●iat, Quiat ●d Merunā●ree good doctor's, and ●t costite. Physic (but Diat, Quiet, and Meriman:) and where very need is, to use Physic, and not for every trif●le. And unity among all people, good medicenes to help the sick, recente, new, clean, ministered, in place, proportion, time, quantity, and quality. etc. Prefarring charity before lucre, no disdain, good words, love, friendship, and quietness: no brawling, as among beggars at a dole, for the spoil of sick, or dead men's goods, but to be sorry for the sickness of the people, & glad of their health, despising no man's gift, or knowledge. And thus I do end with the Physicians that are to hot, I mean not the gentle and now to the ointment for the Pleuriti. ¶ A goodly ointment for the Pleurisy. TAke the oils of chamamil, sweet Leonellus Faventinu de meden. morb. Almonds, white garden Lilies, of each three drams, new fresh butter without Salt, Capon's grease, of each two drams, the muslage or water in the seeds of Fenegrece, Flare, & Mallows, have stand by the space of two or three days, and then sodden, and beaten in a mortar, and with a piece of new war put all into a little pan, upon a soft fire, and then keep it in a boar, to the use, and to an oint the patient, where the pricking grief or pain is. ¶ Montanus Ointment. TAke the oils of camomile, ●oannis ●ptis. Monni de mor ●uri. the white Lily of the garden, and red Roses, of each of these oils one ounce, the fat or grease of a Goose of the same year, half one ounce with a little Wax, mingle them together and melt them, and anoint the pained place: the grease of a Goose is put to, for the penitration or quick entrance. For, it will enter into the skin sooner, than any other fat or grease: and to anoint all the whole breast: take oil of bitter Almonds and Goose grease, of each one ounce and a half. But saith Doctor John baptist Montan, take heed that no more be resolved at ones, then may be easily cast forth by spitting, for fear of sudden death, by choking or strangling in the throat. ¶ An other worthy ointment, called unguentum R●sump●iuum for the Pleurisy. TAke clarified barrows or young hog good oint●nte. ge grease three unnes, the grease of Capons, Geese, & Ducks of each two ounces, green Isope half one ounce the oils of camomile, Isoppe and Dill, of each two unses: fresh new Butter without salt one pound, white virgin Wax six unses, the Musleges, of Gum Tragacanth, Quinse seed, Flax seed, Melon seed, gum Arabic, of each half one ounce, anh make this ointment, as the other aforesaid, and often anoint the patient. This is an excellent ointment, and of a singular virtue, and do moche pleasure: and counted for a jewel among Physicians, and the Apothicaries, at this time. When in this sickness, and also in all other sharp hot fevers, the patient thorough inflammation, heat, dryness, and want What ●●●nger do c●● for want o● sleep. of sleep, can take no rest, but still tossed up and down, from place to place, from bed, to bed, to seek ease and can not find it, as though the place would help (when often times no mo●● help come thereby) Example. then in the streams of the Sea, when choler moveth vomits, the going from the Ship, to the Cock boat, and from the Cork again to the Ship, will help and ease the sick mariner. In whom bitter choler, with pain in the stomach, and heat do abound, and still continue, & for want of sleep, and lack of quiet rest, the patient is in danger of a frenzy, or death, because the senses be not perfectly bound by sleep, Aristotle saith. Somnus est ligamentum ●ristot. de ●m. et viliae. omnium sensuum, and further, sleep is rest (saith he) given to living creatures for their health. Somnus est requies data animalibus, propter salutem eorum. Therefore, they can have no health, that want rest or sleep: but all things contrary to health, which is sickness will follow. Now, to reconcile sleep, like as Diacodion, and the Syrruppe of white Poppy, Barley water, and the Syrup of Violets to be drunk, are very good inwardly. Even so, a frontary made and applied to the forehead and temples, is very good to be made, in this manner. ¶ A forehead cloth, for sleep or rest. TAke red Roses, Violets, the Rose of the water, Melilote, lets, of each a like quantity, as half one handful or less, the sedes of Lets, white Poppy, and white Henbane, ●or to bring epe. some will put in, some of the cold seeds, Petrus ● tius For● lae remec of each of these that I have named, half. i. dram, that is the. xvi. part of one vn●●. You ma●e put in a little Dill seed, to comfort the brain: bray all these together, then put them into a very soft linen cloth. xi. inches long, and three inches broad, and twilte it, and apply it to the forehead. You may take the oils of water Lilies, Nightshade, Poppy, Rose water, Vinegar, and woman's Milk, dip Flax therein, and bind it to the temples. ¶ A plaster for the Pleurisey. TAke the roots of wild or field Mallows, the grease of a hog, a Fox, a Goose, and a Duck, of each one ounce: fresh Butter, and Terebenthin, of each half one ounce, the fat that There is a fat sodde● from wool is gotten from wool six dragines, the oil of Dille half an ounce, the marrow of the Deres legs, and calves legs, of each half one ounce, the powder of the seeds of Flax, Fenegrece, and Ba●e berries, of each three drams, and eight Figs, beaten all in a mortar. Then put all together in a pan, putting thereunto some Wax, to bind it together, and stir it with a stick upon the coals, and then take the whole, or part thereof, and spread it upon Leather, and cover it with silk, and brace it with thread, like a twilte, and apply the plaster to the pained place close. ¶ An other emplaster. TAke the flowers of Chamamill, Pagle, called the Cowsloppe, the tops of Dille, of each half one handful, Flare seed, Fenigrece seed, of each three drams, Dille seed half a dram, Barley meal half one handful, seeth all in sufficient quantity of water, ●chi. de ●den. li. 2. until it come to the thickness of Honey. Then put into this same, the oils of Dill and Chamamil, of each one ounce and half then seeth it softly again: then put in the yelks of two Eggs, and a scruple or penny weight of Safron in powder, temper all together, and make a plaster with Leather, linen, or silk, as aforesaid, and warm apply it to the sick place, after the ointment. Furthermore, now when this sickness which is known by the signs, do increase until the fourth day, if the patient be not let blood in the beginning, as commonly many Physicians, do cause blood to be let in the Basilica vain, on the opposite or contrary side (than let the patient blood in the Cephalica vain, or Vena interna, on the same side whereas the pain is. Some of the Arabians would never Prolong no to be lette● blood. let blood, until the matter were first ●●gested. But in the mean time, because the blood, which still do remain within the body, do turn into the worse part, increasing the flegmon apostumation, overcharging nature: not only through putrefaction, destroyeth the blood nutramentalle in the veins. But also the pure blood vital in the heart, and arteres: that finally, the whole harmony and parts of the body, shall soon be dissolved, and ●●urne to dust. And why? For, because blood is not let forth in duetyme, so abounding. And further, in the beginning of this great heat, the body is stronger, and the blood thimier: and then the blood being let forth, shall quench the heat and burning, & prevent that evil that might ensue, by the time of continuance. Percase one be let blood, on the contrary or oposit part: as when the dolour is on the left side, to let blood on the right side, do this help, ye forsooth saith a great sort: the stronger is bound by the Law of Nature, to help the weaker, among men, which are several bodies. Moche more will each member and part within the body, help each other: as the whole hand or leg, will help One member ●ill help each ●ther. the wounded hand, or leg, & draw from the weaker part to the stronger, to help it in danger, with many more reasons, which I do leave to a league. Because I will neither seem to be arrogant, nor repugnant against wisemen in this poinete: but according to my poor talante, will write things to profit (truly) with plainness the common wealth withal, and to eschew idleness of tyme. And finally, to gratify my friends. For whose sake, I will go further to seek for poor people's health, to enlarge this book, if it shall please God. And now concerning blood letting, that worthy present help in a Pleurisy: whereof hitherto I have spoken. Whereas as many wise ●e●, with Dialectical arguments, Logically can reason, pro & contra in this matter. But to the very matter in this poinete I will begin with nature: secondly Nature. Reason. Aucthoriti reason, thirdly authority, to prove to be let blood on the same side, whereas the pain is placed. First nature will not hurt herself, but nourish, comfort, make strong and defend herself. As example, no natural man will poison himself, to pleasure an other man withal: no reason can prove it good, nor authority confirm the same desperate part to be honest. Even so within the body, to draw the venomous corrupted ulcerate poison, placed in the left side (with festered Melancholy) into the right side being clean, feeling no pricking, it is nothing, but to mingle all the poison together. And whereas the stronger side was well and clean, to defend death: and help the part being weak What peril to be lette● blood on th● contrary si● in the Pie●riti. (not by attraction or drawing) but by strong force of nature, to expulse the venom, and put it forth by S●nius matter. Now it is become captivate, taken, and destroyed, and no more can help, or extinguish the ●●dente or hot sore, or Apostuma●ion of the Pleuriti, on the contrary part: then if Poles Church, when God did send fire from heaven, the West end being of a fire, might have been the cause, to have quenched the South end, which first began, after the steeple was burned. No good reason would prove this true, but rather to have begun with the first cause, matter, and place, to have quenched the fire, where fire was first: and not to have drawn fire, from end to end. For, fire of his own nature, if he be suffered, will be a cruel conqueror, and an evil master, but it is a very good servant, if it be kept in obedience. Even so take example of hot Biles, and burning Phlegmons, placed in the left side: or so of the contrary side, but begin at the next vain, as the Intern or Liver vain, on the same side infected or sore, and there the foul blood with evil matter, will eftsoons come forth, and health will follow, by God's grace. But on the whole side, good blood will go away, which is the chief friend to nature: and then nothing is left in the common wealth of the body, but a most cruel enemy to life, even Sa●uus, Makem o● good 〈◊〉 stinking, and venom poison. This is an evil change, to expulse a very friend, and retain a deadly enemy: and this shall suffice ath 'tis present, which is not repugnant to nature or rea●on. And for authority in Physic, who ever excelled the spring, and most famous fountain of Physic, Hippocrates that worthy 4. victu● cut. 67. man: whom in this point we must follow. As who so have the Pleuriti, he do command to open the vain, called the inward or liver vain, on the same side: and this man was the most grave author. And nert and best after him came Galen, which saith, when flegmon is drawn towards the liver. etc. Then open the livor vain, for all the veins have societae, and being with the same. He speaketh of the inward vain, because it is near Ther. methorcap. ●. to the place affected or sore: and this shall suffice, for the place of the body, whereas blood shallbe let. And now do follow four intentions, good to be observed in this case. 1. Repletion of the body. 2. The matter corrupted. 3. Where the pain is, as heart and head. 4. Retention of blood, in any other place. REpletion without purgation, do bring matter to corruption: The remedy shall follow repletion, and corruption, are causes to pain: and medicine accordingly shall help the same pain. Retention is, when any have the Pleurisy, as men, which have the running of the Emorodes by custom, and a● stopped, and at that time is smitten with a ●a●e ●●icen. Ca●n. 4. ca i lias cano●● 41. cap. 1. pleuriti. Or a woman being stopped of her menstrual sickness: then what vain shallbe opened: Only the Saphenae vain: and whereas these. ●●. signs, as Haemorrhoida lis aut menstrualis in ●●liere non occurrunt. Then in the Pleurisy let blood in the Intern or liver vain (as I have said) ●lood le●●ng how ●●che. even until the ●oule blood do pass away, and the clean blood appeareth, and not to sleep for four or five hours after. And if in blood letting swooning do come called Lipothimia, which is easier, and is not utterly deprived of senses, as Syncope is, which is the image of death: it is no evil Swouny● in blodgett matter in this return of good blood, and parting from evil blood. But although Galen do bid that old men and children, should not be let blood: the one for the tenderness and youth to weak the body, which is but yet very feeble, and blood the chief stay to life. etc. And the other cold old, and declining towards the end, having nothing to help but blood, which is warm and moist of temperament▪ Yet in Leonarch▪ Fu●●hi. in medicina li. two. Sec●i. this cause of the Pleuriti, the aged is preserved, and the children helped, daily experience do prove the same. Do not blood by the inst●●●tion of nature, in such hot●● causes break for the at children's nostrils to save the life? Do not nature here help herself? Why then, should art be slack to every age, according to the person, disease, complexion, place, time, and measure? Did not that famous author A●e●zo● the Arabian, a great learned Phisici●n, let his own son blood, having the pleu●●●●, being but three years old: boys or wenches of v. vi. utj. or. vitj. years old. etc. In this case may bleed. in. or. iitj. ounces, or in any other hot grievous sickness in the beginning. As for the time of blood letting, the morning is best. And the good aspect between the Moon and Venus, not combust, all is good to be let blood in: or when the Moon do not govern the méber that is opened. But in soc●e sharp sicknesses, or ever the Moon come into a good place, the patient may be placed with Placebo: Quod modo fuit aegrotus. Iam jacet ille cini: Therefore, prefer the time of sickness, before the course of Moon, or stars, yet both would do well together. Often times this Pleuriti, have joined unto it, or the Symptomata following it: the cough or apostumations of the lungs, the remedy of this pleurisy, as I have written, will help the same cough. But we do see often times, the sickness of the lungs, ●he sickness 〈◊〉 the lungs 〈◊〉 helped with 〈…〉 medicens 〈◊〉 the Pleu●●●●. having no Pleuritjs before it, than it is very perilous also, and consumption do follow it. In this case also, these medicens contained within this regiment, are very good: further, what remedy if the Fever Pestilent, be concurrant with the Pleuritjs, with extreme heat, headache, unpatient, with Pestilent humours stopped, having no exaltation or smoke, to cleanse them out Signs o● Pestilence withal, corrupting the blood, and foul gross urine. etc. What remedy then? The● are both to be helped. By what mean? Only to take away the cause, & then the effect will seize. By what reason? Only by blood letting: but if the patient be stopped First purg●● by stool, t●●● let blood. in the bely, must ye begin with blood letting then? In no case. But first rela●e or ease the bely, with a lenitive or easy cleansing with Cassia Fistula, new drawn from the Cane or Reed, mingled with sugar, eat the same, and follow with blood letting. But what if that blood be not let, in the beginning of the pestilent fever. What then? Shall the vain be opened or no? No saith C. Galen. XI. Metho. non 'em curamus putridinem nisi sanguinem seruemus. We do not hepl the corrupted matter, except we may keep good blood in store that is, when the matter is turned to stink and putrefaction, having but little good blood left. But in the beginning, as I 〈…〉 is good to ●etten blood 〈◊〉 ●he Basili●●●●ain, in the ●●●innyng of 〈◊〉 pestilence. have said, blood letting is good, for then by the extreme heat is quenched, and the putrefied matter, or stinking sore, shall not than increase. The matter being thus partly digested, as appeareth by the urine which is declined from the flaming, gross, red colour and stink, and is become thinner, to better substance, contents and residence orderly in the bottom. etc. And the patient towards amendment is good. But if the patient, according to the cause Antecedent 〈…〉 considera●●● after blood ●●●tyng, to a ●●die, which 〈◊〉 not clean ●●rged. have yet evil matter, which is neither purged by Clyster, spitting, ointment, or blood letting, if then necessity do urge the matter, than the day after blood letting: let the patient drink this medicen following, if they be rich, for the said drink is costly, and poor people have little money God help. ¶ The drink to eradicate the cause Antecedent. TAke Violets, Maidenhere, bugloss, of each half one handful, Resings of the son wtthout stones, white Sanders, yellow Liqueris razed, or cut in chips, of each half one ounce, Sebesten. vitj. jujubes. x. clean Barley without husk, clean hulled and beaten from the rind, half one pound or less. Seeth than in clean water, a good quantity, until the third part do remain or less. From three quarts, until one quart do remain, then let it stand until it be cold, A goodly ●●●ging drin● and strain it, in which dissolve. x. drams of new drawn Cassia Fistula, or taken from the cane: or clean white Manna of Chalabria, the same quantity, of the best rheubarb of Alexander one dram and half, spikenard, Grains. v. Diaphenicon dram half, pare or stise in the rheubarb and put all together in a close stone vessel during seven hours. You may put in the water of the decoction of Violets, or stilled Violets unto it, a little quantity. Then strain it strongly for the through a strainer, and put unto this purging drink half one ounce of the Syrup of Violets, and drink a good draft of it in the morning. But for the weaker stomachs. Take Cassia Fistula one ounce, Diaphenicon two drams, Liqueris or bugloss water five ounces, mingle all together, and let the patient drink. Some do put into the broth of a Chicken, half one ●nce of fresh and the newest Seen of Alexander, and Resinges of the Sun, taking forth the stones, and no Salt. And this broth is good, and not costly: but the foresaid potions be of goodlier effects. ¶ A cleansing or mundification. AFter evacuation, this mundification is good, to be drunk every day: clean Barley without husk or rind, half a pound clean scraped, and fine chipped or cut yellow Liqueris two ounces: if you can get Sebesten one ounce, put ingraene Violets, or else kept dry, half one handful white Penidis, Sugar Candie white, and gum Tragacanth, of each one ounce and a half. Clean Conduct or running water ten pints, and the water of Violets two quarts: Seethe all in a stone pot, until the third part do remain, then strain it, and reserve it to use. Surely a Ptisan made of clean Barley, well ●r Episan. water Resynges without stones, L●queris, melon seeds, and white Sugar candy sodden together, is of great comfort, efficacy and strégth in this case, or in any other perils of the lungs. As for the Ptisan of Barley water, Sugar candy Amsseedes Resynges. etc. Thanks be to God, most people can make it, and yet went neue● to much Physic School for the matter. Barley water excelleth in virtue. ¶ A goodly Lohoch to lick upon. IN the beginning of the Pleurite if the matter begin to flow. Thy take the electuary Diatragacan. thj frigidi drams fine, Penidis, whaite Sugar candy, of each three drams, th● Syrup of Maiden hear, of white P●ppu and Liqueris, of each half one ounce, mingle all together, and put them in a closi pot, or a glass, then make clean a Liqueris stick, and put into it the same stic● and lick of it often times: If the matte● be flowing, you may put in Diairis simplex one ounce. ¶ A julep for the same. TAke the waters of Vngula, call led Horsehove, or Tussilago, called commonly Coltgrasse, of Violets, of the seeds of Pompon, Melon, Gurde, and cucumber, of each a pound. Or you may make half of each, put thereunto for the greater quantity, vj. ounce of the julep of Violets, and three ounces to the half part, the Syrup of juiubins four ounces. Seeth all together in a close stone pot, covered with past upon a soft fire, leave a hole in the covering, putting in a stick, and stir it half one hour. You may put some Syruppe of Liqueris if you will: keep this to use to drink. iij. or. iiij. spoonful at ones, after you have drunk your mundification. ¶ A Syrup very good. TAke Well water four pounds, the flowers of Violets, two ounces & half, scraped Liqueris, white Poppy, of each half one ounce, the seeds of Quinces, Mallow seeds, the seeds of Melons, Citrons, Gurdes, and Cucumbers, the rinds being taken away: Purslane, gum Tragacanth, gum Arabic, of each three ounces, let them be tempered together, and sodden in a Tinned pot, or a stone vessel, until half be wasted, then let it run through a strainer, then put in white Sugar, and seeth it lightly again, in th'end put it into a pet, glass, or such like. And this is an excellent syrup for the Pleurisy, or any sharp, hot sickness in the lungs, coming of the cause Antecedent. ¶ An other good drink. SUrely, many great learned wise A plai● pot men, have given unto their pacientes, two, three, or four ounces, of clean Flax, or lint seed Oil to drink, with a little powder or rasing of a Bores tusch: it have virtue to dissolve speedily. Also it is not costly, but yet a little noisome, Ihonn B. Montanj, a great joh. Bap● Monta. de paupere pleuritico. learned Doctor, and Leonellus Faventinus, with many more, did use this to their poor pacientes. ¶ Almond milk. TAke, sweet Almonds, blanched in clean water, putting the blanched seeds of Melons, Cucumbers and Citrons, stamp them in a stone morte● Then seeth them in Barley water (that is a tpisan made of Barley, and Liqueris sodden together:) of this make your Almond Milk, putting white Sugar Candie, or Penidis, this is a good Almond milk, being sodden upon a soft fire, in a silver stone, or well tinned vessel, and first well strained into the said vessel, then drink it. ¶ To cure the Pleuriti Non verae. THe cough but very little, and the pain not so great, as the very Pleurisy have: to be let blood, to have warm Bay Salt applied in a bag unto the place is good: so is a plaster made of the powder of Mallows, l●●t sede, Fenigrece sede, herb Grace, & fresh Butter, mingle all together, and with unwashed wol, spread upon linen, lay on these things, & cover them with an other linen cloth, then twilt it fine, & make it warm between two platters, and apply it to the place, wherein most grief is, you may put to this a little strong Vinegar. ¶ A drink. THe powder of Crabs eyen, or the tyen of Crevices, sodden in the decoction of peach leaves, or Peach leaves stilled, drunk warm is very good in this peril of the false Pleuriti. ¶ Ointment for the false Pleurisy. Anoint the place pained, with oil● of Spick, and with the powder of Safron, very warm: these are medicens of great virtue and strength. ¶ An other very good drink. TAke clean great Resynges well washed, take forth the stones one ounce, fat Figs. x. juinbes, and juinbes ●●ebesten, at the Apo th●cares. Sebesten, of each. viii. in number, Maiden here, Ui●lette flowers, Be●onie, Hearts tongue, of each half. i. handful, ●lene scraped Liqueris one ounce, the seeds of Femile and Anisseedes, of each one dram, the leaves of Seine of Alerandria, and of polypody of the Oak, of each one ounce: some will put as much more, for strong people Iris, or flower de Luce roots one ounce Turbith clean chosen at the Apothicares half. i. ounce, white Ginger. i. dram beat the hard things into gross powder, then seeth all in a clean stone pot, with clean water a good quantity. Seeth all until the third part do remain, then let it stand close, until it be cold, then strain it: put into this the syruppes of Liqueris & Isope, white Sugar, and honey of Roses, of each i. ounce. Of this the patient may take from. i. ounce, to. ii●. atones. Leonellus a great learned Doctor, have cured many one with these ij. medicines following, from the Pleuriti. ¶ A medicine. Take the thistle called our Lady thistle, e meden● morb. or saint Marie thistle, because it is in great strength at that time: and the lesser. Salge, of each one handful, boil them in a good quantity of water, until half be wasted, than strain them, put into this water that do remain, a good quantity of the Syrup of Scabios, and drink it. ¶ An other. Take the stilled waters of salge, herb Grace, called rue, of each a quarter and half quarter of one pound, in which dissolve Theriaca magna, and Mythridatum of each half a dram, give the patient of this three ounce at ones to drink. ¶ A good powder. TAke dried young Isope, a dram in fine powder, Yellow Liqueris scraped, and finely shred, or cut in final pieces or chips, Aniseedes one ounce fennel seed, Quinse seed, of each two drams beaten together, the sweet precious wood called Aloes, white Saunders A good powder against the pains the stomach or sides. the root called Chinus, and Cinnamon, of each a dram: the rasing of ivory a dram, Horhound, Margerum, Enulacampana, Irius, of each half a dram, white sugar Candie two unses or more, beaten as small as bay Salt, and tempered all together, and eat of this before and after meat, a French crown weight. ¶ A gargarism. Look often times into your pacientes A gargarisi in the time the sickness the breast sides. mouth, which you shall see in this hot sickness, foul teeth the mouth, lips, and pallet furred with filth, the tongue sodden into blackness: then let the sick body have his mouth cleansed and washed, with Barley water often times, and with a stick, whereupon is fast knit a little roll of linen, or a little piece of a Sponge, wherewith rub the teeth, gums, and tongue. And also cleanse or scrape the tongue with the back side of a clean knife, or an instrument made of a thin white stick, and let him gargoyle, Plantem water. iiij. ounces, Diamoron, and Honey of Roses, or each. i. ounce, cold often times. ¶ If the lax do take one in the Pleuriti. TAke Barley water, or Almond Milk, wherein Gum Traga●anth, gum Arabike, Planten or the flowers of Pomgranettes, which the Apothicares have in store, called Balaustia, of each of these to this Ptisan or Almond milk. i. dram to a pint Seeth them in a close vessel, then strain them: and this is in this case, a goodly drink and also for all flixes. ¶ A diate towards health. BEware of coldness, both of the air, as mists, wind, thin clothing, unclean lodging, with open windows in the chamber, or lying on the back, or near the ground, but use sweet warm air, with a small fire, not near at hand, it will help the matter to ripe: whereas coldness will bind or drive back the matter, and kill the patient suddenly. Sup clean broth of Chickens eat but little, and oft. Covite to sleep in the night, sire or seven hours: for sleep is a great friend to nature, if sleep come not in the night, then refuse not sleep in the day, sitting in the chair, with the head up right after meat two hours, walk not much up & down. For rest with warmness, is a great nourisher of the humers, specially blood and choler: be rather larative on the day, than in the night. Beware Care. of carefulness for worldly things: look not into the glass of desperation, with agony and heaviness of mind, hope ever for Prove. xiii and. xviii. Eccle. seven. the best. For a good stomach driveth away many disease: s but when the spirit is vexed, who mai● abide it. A merry heart is the life to the body. But rancour consumeth the bones, heaviness do bring sickness: and they which have heavy countenances, with continual agonic, are either to rich, to poor, to sick, to foolish, or to sor● oppressed. Therefore, commend gladness, because a man have no better thing ●●rth is the 〈◊〉 gift of God, but he●●esse is a 〈◊〉 plague under the Son. Then to eat and drink in time, and measure, and be to merry, for that shall he have of his labour, all the days of his life, which almighty GOD have given him under the Son. For, there is nothing better than gladness, honestify of life, love to each other: & do as we would be done unto. Thus far you well. If it shall please jesus Christ, I will ●●lar●●e this poor book. thirty. times greater: with. thirty. more sicknesses, and their medicens for them. Yours William Bulleyn. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Thomae Webster in laudem operis. Cadide lector habes, 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Cum sint, ecce tibi, quicquid amicus habet. Perlege, & gruenes' fide● pia dogmat● sacrae, Ingenij mira▪ dexteritate sui. Disces quo pacto corpus quoque reddere sanum Quoque modo dign: vita degenda foret. 〈◊〉 Bulleno tali pro munere grates Eternum digno: ●iuere, lector age. Vale.