A SERMON AT THE SOLEMNIZING OF THE HAPPY Inauguration of our most gracious and Religious Sovereign KING JAMES. Wherein is manifestly proved, that the Sovereignty of Kings is immediately from God, and second to no authority on Earth whatsoever.  
Preached at Paul's Cross, the 24. of March last. 1608. By RICHARD CRAKANTHORPE, Doctor of Divinity.  
LONDON, Printed by W. jaggard for Tho: adam's, dwelling in Paul's Churchyard, at the sign of the blue Bell. 1609.   

TO THE RIGHT Reverend Father in God, THOMAS Lord Bishop of LONDON, my Honourable good Lord: all Grace, Prosperity, and Happiness.  
THE manifold and weighty Ecclesiastical affairs, wherein your Lordship is daily employed, and many times wearied; partly in advancing the sincere profession of God's holy truth, and partly in maintaining the happy tranquillity of this most renowned Church, have often occasioned me to remember the words, & complaint of that learned father S. Augustin. Though besides those 
a Innumerabiles Ecclesiasticas curas. Aug. lib. de oper. Monac. ca 29.  innumerable Ecclesiastical cares which he sustained, and of which he said, that almost none would believe them, but such as had experience of them, he was daily encumbered also with the judicial hearing of very many secular causes, for which as he saith, 
b Non de auro non de argento, non de fundis & 〈◊〉, pro quibus quotidie sub●… isto capite salu●…amur. ut dissen●…iones hominum terminemus. Aug Epist. 147.  he was daily with all reverence attended and saluted by the people; yet some in that age most unjustly blamed both him & other Bishops, as being desidious, and like the Pharisees, tying heavy burdens on other men's shoulders, which themselves would not touch with their little fingers (& who can possibly escape that censure, if the indefatigable industry & toil of S. Augustine could not quit him thereof?) He then with a most serious and solemn protestation answered, 
c Aug l. de oper Monac. cap. 29.  I call jesus Christ to witness upon my soul, that I had much rather give myself to reading, praying, and other spiritual exercises, yea to daily handy-workes, then endure the most tumultuous perplexities of other men's causes about their secular businesses, either (
d Vel i●…dicando dirimendis, vel interueniendo praecidendis. ibid. ) judicially to end them or by persuasion to prevent them.  
The cogitation hereof, had almost persuaded me not to withdraw your Lordship, so much as to the view of these my slender labours, but that the several bands of duty which I owe unto your Lordship, over-swayed with me herein at the last. For having not only been called (as from little Zoar to jerusalem) by that message which to me was no other than the voice of God, though some younger samuel's, may perhaps mistake it to be Elias voice; but further also in that straightness of time, extraordinarily encouraged by your Lordship to this service; the fruit of my labours therein (if it be any) I judged it my duty to present to him, by whose Authority and appointment they were first undertaken.  
Again, seeing my hearty and sincere desire herein, was to testify my unfeigned love, first to God's truth, and then to the peace of our jerusalem, in both which, I expect no less than the severest censures of two, in themselves opposite, and both of them very rigorous adversaries, who contrary to the Apostles 
e Ephes. 4, 15.  rule, either follow not the truth, or follow it not in love: I was emboldened in both these to entreat protection under your Lordship's name, as one who living under your Lordships, both public and Domestical government, have, and do daily see many assured experiments of your Lordship's zeal to the one, and prudence joined with great moderation in the other.  
Besides, I must and do with thankfulness acknowledge, which I have often heretofore gladly recounted, a good part of that light with which God hath in mercy vouchsafed unto me, to have been received from that fair burning lamp, which many years in our University, your L. very often and happily held forth unto us: then especially, when in the last years of our late Sovereign, & in those, as some thought, declining days; wherein the children of Babylon, upon some vainly conceived hopes, I know not what, began somewhat insolently to insult. At which most needful time it cannot be forgotten, how the religious, constant & godly zeal of your L. being one most eminent in that place, did animate & encourage many others, myself among the rest, who then sat at the feet of Gamaliel, and who by those words uttered in fittest time, by the tongue of the learned, found in ourselves, how truly the Wiseman said, 
f Eccles. 12, 11  The words of the wise are like goads, and like nails fastened by the masters of the assemblies.  
If in these respects I present this small pledge of my duty, to your Lordship, and with a willing heart offer this mite unto the Lord's Treasury, let me in excuse of the slenderness thereof, use those fit words of S. jerom. 
g Hier. Apol 2. advers. Ru●…in.  Every man offers in God's Tabernacle according to his ability; some offer Gold, and Silver, and precious stones, others bring Silk, and Purple, and Scarlet, and fine linen, Nobiscum bene agitur si obtulerimus pelles & caprarum pilos. Howsoever it be, I gladly submit it to your Lordship's grave wisdom, and to the Church of God, even in those most submissive words and manner, which I long since learned of the most learned S. Austen, and which (being here expressed) in all my speeches and writings, I earnestly desire to be understood; Domine (
h Aug lib, 15. de Trinit. cap. ult. ) Deus, Quaecunque dixi de tuo, agnoscant & tui, Si qua de meo, & tu ignosce & tui. Black Notley in Essex. May, 15. 1609.  
Your Lordship's Chaplain in all duty, most humbly to be commanded, RICHARD CRAKANTHORPE.   

2. CHRON. CHAP. 9  Verse 5. ANd she said to the King, It was a true word, which I heard in my own Land of thy sayings, and of thy wisdom. 6. Howbeit, I believed not their report, until I came, and mine eyes had seen it: & behold, the one half of thy great wisdom was not told me, for thou exceedest the Fame that I heard. 7. Happy are thy men, and happy are thy Servants, which stand before thee alway, and hear thy wisdom. 8. Blessed be the Lord thy God, which loved thee, to set thee on his throne, as King, in stead of the Lord thy God: because thy God loucth Israel, to establish it for ever, therefore hath he made thee King over them, to execute judgement and justice. 9 Then she gave the King six score Talents of Gold, and of sweet Odours exceeding much, and precious stones. 
THe solemnity of this most joyful day, and happy opportunity which God hath given us to celebrate the same, to the glory of his holy name, to the honour of our most Religious Sovereign, to the comfort of us and all his loyal Subjects, but to the confusion of those sons of belial, who having evil will at Zion, repine and pine away, to see the peace and prosperity of this most flourishing church and kingdom, and to hear of the mirth and melody in our streets this day, hath moved me to make choice of these words of the Queen of Sheba to King Solomon; wherein every one may see both a fit correspondence to our Solomon, and a worthy example of that love we all owe to him, and thanksgiving unto God, for this so great, and so incstimable a blessing.  
In the words themselves, not to seek any curious division (which in an History you will not expect) observe I pray you with me, four several points, which concern four several parties.  
The first, concerns King Solomon; wherein is set down a singular commendation of his wisdom, which exceeded all reports. [Behold the one half, etc.]  
The second, concerns the people and Subjects of King Solomon; wherein is declared their blessed and happy estate, who had Solomon a wise King to rule ●…uer them. [Happy are thy servants.]  
The third, concerns Almighty God, wherein is expressed a most Religious thanksgiving unto him, for placing Solomon, a wise King over his people. [Bl●…ssed be the Lord thy God.]  
In which third point, besides many other, two particular branches are especially to be considered: the former, from whom Solomon had or held his kingdom, and that was immediately from God, who made him King over Israel, and placed him in his own throne, and in his own stead. [To set thee on his throne.]  
The latter, what moved or induced God, to grant his people so wise a King; no merits nor deserts, either of King or people, but only his own favour and free love to Israel. [Because thy God loveth Israel.]  
The fourth and last point, concerns the Queen of Sheba; wherein is set forth, a manifest and outward testification of the honour and honourable respect she bore toward King Solomon, in token whereof, s●…e bestowed on him such royal and magnificent presents: six score talents of Gold, sweet Odours, and Precious stones. [Then she gave the King.]  
Of these several points, by the most gracious and helpful assistance of God's holy spirit, and by your Honourable and wont patience and attention, we are at this time (God willing) to entreat.  
The first point, concerns the admirable, & (indeed) inexplicable wisdom of King Solomon, whereof God himself is a most sufficient witness. Wisdom and knowledge is granted unto thee, so that there hath not been the like among the Kings which were before thee, neither after thee shall there be the like. 2. Chron. 1, 12. And again, God gave Solomon wisdom and understanding exceeding much, He was wiser than any 
〈◊〉 2 Chron. 9 22.  man, and ᵃ he excelled all the Kings of the earth in wisdom, 1. Kings, 4. verse 29, 31. To go no further than my Text, So famous was he for wisdom among all Nations, that there 
b 1. Kings. 4. 34.  came of all people unto him, and all 
c 2. Chron. 9, 23.  Kings of the earth sought to hear the wisdom of Solomon, which God had put into his heart. And though Fame be not only a swift messenger, but usually an amplifier & multiplier of that which it doth report, as Saint Hieron saith, 
d Hier. ●…om. 〈◊〉. Epis●…. ad Furian.  ijdem authores, & exaggeratores, yet in this it was quite contrary. The report of this wisdom was such, that it seemed incredible; and therefore this Queen confesseth she believed it not: but when she had heard it herself, and been an eye and earwitness of all, as one amazed and astonished thereat, she breaks into this admiration thereof, set down in my Text. Behold, the one half of thy great wisdom was not told me, thou exceedest the Fame that I heard.  
Having spoken this of the wisdom of King Solomon, may I now presume to speak a word or two of the sacred Majesty of my dread Sovereign? It is not my purpose to make any parallel to Solomon, of whom God himself hath said, that none should be like unto him: nor take upon me to set forth unto you, any portraiture of that wisdom, which no Zeuxes nor Apelles can otherwise express, but only, by drawing over it the vail or Curtain of Timanthu●…, to import, it cannot be expressed. The wisdom of a man, much more of a King, is compared by God's spirit, 
e Prou. 18▪ 4.  to deep waters, and to a flowing river: who am I, to dive into that bottomless depth, or with my span to measure the depth and breadth of the main Ocean?  
Yet with all loyal submission, let me thus much say, and say much less than I do conceive: Neither can this present age, nor all the Chronicles (I say) not of great Britain only, but of all Europe, present unto us a King, endued with such admirable gifts of Learning, judgement, and Memory; adorned with so many princely and Heroical Virtues, justice, Clemency, and Wisdom; especially, with that Divine and Heavenly wisdom, which is the Fountain and foundation of all the rest; with Religion, Piety, Zeal, and constant Magnanimity to profess, maintain, and uphold the truth of God, and of his Gospel.  
Which report of mine, if any suppose to be too lavish, and with this Queen of Sheba believe it not, let him well consider, those many, and most Religiously wise speeches, uttered in a manner in the hearing of the whole Realm: Conferences, Disputations, free Monarchies, but specially, that most learned Apology, for the Oath of Allegiance against the Pope's two Breves, and that kingly gift, fit only for a peerless King, to give to a peerless Prince; all which are but some few sparks of that ever-burning Lamp, or but small streams, of that ever and overflowing spring, and then he will be forced even with admiration, to profess and say with this Queen, as after the hearing and reading of divers of them, myself with many others, have often said, It was a true word indeed which I h●…ard of thy sayings, and of thy wisdom; howbeit I believed it not, until I came, and mine eyes had seen it: and behold, the one half of thy great wisdom was not told me, for thou exceedest the fame that I heard. With which true Testimony of the wisdoms of both these Salomon's, I end this first point, which concerns the King, and the admiration of his great wisdom.  
The second point concerns the people and subjects of King Solomon, of whom the Queen here saith, that they were blessed & happy, who had Solomon a wise king, to rule over them. Happy are thy people, and happy are thy Servants.  
Nor can there in truth be a greater comfort to any people, or greater safety to any kingdom, then to be governed by a wise and prudent King: By a man of understanding and knowledge, a Realm endureth long. Prou. 28, 2. A wise man (much more a wise King) is as a fortress and strong pillar, to support even an whole Realm: And better is wisdom, than weapons of war. Eccles. 9, 28. Nay, a wise King, is not only a safety, but even an happiness (as the Queen here saith) to a kingdom, for so God himself doth witness. Eccl. 10, 17. Blessed art thou, o Land, when thy King is the son of Nobles, that is by the Hebrew 
f filii sapientiae i sapientes. Mat. 11. 19, filii hominum, i. homines. Mar. 3, 28. sic 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Achinos vocat Homerus.  phrase, truly Noble, endued with Virtue, Piety and Wisdom, wherein alone consists true Nobility.  
On the contrary, a foolish or childish king, is one of those heavy judgements and curses, which God in his wrath threatens to bring upon a land. I will appoint children to be their Princes, and Babes shall rule over them. Isay 3, 4. And again: Woe unto thee (o Land) whose King is a child, a child in knowledge, in wisdom, in understanding. Ecclesiastes. 10, 16.  
The reason of both which, is very evident. A Wise King, governs with justice and Equity, and the kings Throne is established by righteousness. proverbs 25, 5. And the King that judgeth in Truth, his Throne shall be established for ever. Prou. 29, 14.  
Again, a prudent and wise King, as he maintains justice, so his principal and chief care is, to maintain and advance piety and godliness, the true & sincere worship of God throughout all his kingdoms. So did holy David, of whom it is said, 
g Psal. 78. 72.  that he ruled thy people prudently with all his power. And wherein did his prudence appear? he was no sooner set upon the throne, but he assembled all the congregation of Israel, and they brought again the Ark of the Lord, with singing and dancing; with Viols, with Cymbals, and with Trumpets, 1. Chron. 13, verse 2, and 8. The like did that most religious and wise King josiah, He made a Covenant before all the people, to walk after the Lord, and to keep his Commandments; and be caused all that were found in jerusalem and Benjamin to stand to that covenant, and he compelled all that were found in Israel, to serve the Lord. Whereupon it followed, that all the days of josiah, the people turned not back from the Lord. 2. Chron. 34, ver. 31, 32, 33. Such a blessing the Church and the whole kingdom hath, of a Prudent, Religious, and wise King.  
On the other side, an irreligious, a wicked and unwise King or Governor, by suppressing justice and equity, and making his Lust a Law; impiously saying with the Donatists, 
h August. lib. 2. cont. Epist. Parmen. cap. 12  Quod volumus sanctum est: or as julia did to 
i Ae●…i. Sparta. in vit. Anton. Caracal. in fine.  Caracalla, Si libet, licet; what I list, that's a Law: Such an one is even a trouble to the whole land, and to his own people, as Eliah said to King Ahab, 1. Kings 18, 18. Thou and thy father's house trouble Israel, in that you have forsaken the commandments of the Lord: Nor only trouble Israel by violent and tyrannical intrusion into the Vineyards and lands of Naboth, but chiefly, by causing the people to forsake the Lord and his worship, and to follow Baal, or the Calves, as did jeroboam, of whom it is therefore said, that he did evil above all that were before him; and why? For he did not only sin himself, but he did sin, and he caused Israel to sin, 1. Kings 14, verse 9 and 16.  
You see now what an heavy judgement and curse an unwise King is unto the Land and people: but that Kingdom is happy, that people, and those Subjects are happy, over whom Solomon a wise and prudent King is placed by the Lord.  
I may truly here say unto you, yourselves also being witness, and say it to the immortell praise of God's name, to the honour of our Sovereign, and to the joy and comfort of all his people, that in this happiness, this renowned Kingdom, among all, and above all Nations of the earth is blessed this day. Happy O King are thy people, and ●…appie are thy Subjects or Servants. It is not my meaning, nor is it fit, to make a panegyrical Oration in this place at large, therein to recount and amplify also those manifold blessings, which by the means of our SALOMON, we do now enjoy. Yet the more to stir us up to magnify and bless Gods glorious name, and if it be possible, more also, to love and honour that Sacred Majesty whom God hath chosen to be his royal Instrument, whereby so many and great blessings are derived unto us; I may not omit to mention some few which are most eminent, commending the rest to your private & Religious consideration.  
The first is our long tranquillity and happy peace, with all the blessings and blessed fruits of peace. A blessing which God began to bestow on this land, at the joyful entrance of our late Sovereign QUEEN ELIZABETH, whose Sacred spirit doth now rest and reign with the Lord, but her memory shall be blessed and eternised in the world for ever; when all those venomous 
k Pars in his answer to the Apol.  and Viperous tongues (set on fire by hell) which now in vain bark against her, and seek to stain her spotless honour, shall rot, and be even as the dung upon the earth. Having enjoyed long and happy peace, under her long and happy reign, it was expected by the Agents and vassals of Antichrist, that the day which ended her life, should have ended all our comforts, and been to us a dismal day, a day of murders and massacres, a day of wars, of tumult, and of utter desolation; one of their own false Prophets 
l West, de trip. homin. ●…ffic. lib. 3. pag. 435.  with a lying spirit in his mouth, foretelling of that day, Catholici quidem dimicabunt, at that day they will fight it out indeed.  
Behold, he that sits in heaven laughed them to scorn, the Lord had them in derision. Himself placed in his own Throne, after David, Saloman; A 
m 1. Chron. 22. 9  man of rest and peace, for God hath given him, and in him to us, rest and peace from all his, and our Enemies, round about. And lo, this is now more than the fiftieth year, wherein the people of this land, in abundance of peac●… sat (as the Prophet 
n Mich. 4. 4.  saith) Every man under his own Vine, and under his own figtree without danger. Such, so long, and so happy peace, never did our Fathers nor Ancestors see before us in this Land; nor have any of all the Nations and neighbour-kingdomes enjoyed the like, who in the mean time have been wearied and wasted, either with foreign or with intestine war. Yea, and this very day which they had cruelly designed to weeping, mourning and lamentation, God by the happy means of our SALOMON, hath turned it (as we all now see) to a day of mirth and melody; a day offeasting, singing, and rejoicing; a day of praise and thanksgiving to his blessed name, which be therefore magnified and praised, and blessed for evermore.  
A second blessing, which under our SALOMON this whole Empire enjoyeth, is the sincere profession of God's holy truth, the blessed continuance, yea the establishment also ther●…of among us.  
The extinguishing of this most glorious light, hath been often wished, by most malicious and devilish devices attempted, and at the change of our late Sovereign, was undoubtedly expected. But the wisdom of our SALOMON, knowing that Piety and Religion is the surest prop to a kingdom, (like Constantine 
o Euse●…. lib. 2. de vit. Const. cap. 25. & seq. & cap. 44.  the great) made it his first care, by his most Religious Edicts and Laws, 
p Stat. jam. an. 1. cap. 4. & an. 3. cap. 4, 5.  to establish God's truth, and true worship in the land. Assuring further, & protesting his ardent zeal for ever to uphold and maintain the same: and that so often, in so many Honourable and public Assemblies, with such vehemency of speech, in so many Learned and Divine writings, published to the view of the world, with so Religious and royal promises, nor this only for himself, but in assured hope also of the most happy branches of that most happy Vine: that now, Blessed be God, that cursing Balaam, and his cursed Priests of Baal, which ere this, hoped, and vaunted in their hopes, to have seen Baal, or Moloch, or the Queen of heaven, and the whole host thereof; Nay, the very abomination of desolation set up in our Temples, do now gnash their teeth at this our felicity, and their hearts do even languish, and faint, and pine away, to see the truth o●… God so sincerely professed, so constantly maintained, both by King and people, so assuredly settled, and as we may justly hope, and do heartily pray, even for ever established in this Land.  
The greatness and indeed the happiness of this blessing, my tongue cannot possibly express unto you, nor can our s●…allow hearts sufficiently conceive thereof. We never saw those Marian and bloody days, wherein for the people of God to have been acquainted with the 
q Vid. Regist. joh. Longland. Epis. Lincol. apud Fox. fo. 822. & seq.  Gospel and word of God, was Heresy, not to have fallen down before the Calf, and adored the Beast, was no less than fire and Faggot, and what else the rage and fury of that beast could add unto it.  
We never felt nor knew those Antichristian, and more than barbarous Inquisitions, 
r Vid. Reginal. Gonsal. lib. de Sanct. Inquis. Hispa. crtibus & Emaen. Metar. hist. Belg. lib. 234.  to the tyranny and unexpressible torments whereof, the Bull of Phalar●…s, the Altar of Busiris, and those primitive persecutions under Heathen Tyrants, were almost but Ludus & iocus; Death itself, even a pleasure to the rage of that beast, which needs not learn of Caligula, 
s Sueton. in vit. Calig. cap. 30.  I●…a feri ut sentiat se mori, torment them so, that they may sensibly feel death, and yet not die.  
And yet all this is as nothing to their spiritual bondage. They may not buy, 
t Ap. 13, 16 17  nor sell, nor live, nor breath, unless they receive the mark of the beast. They may not teach 
u Trid. synod s●…ss. 25. de resor. cap. 2  aught, they may not believe 
x Non alij in numero fidelium habentur, nisi qui per verbum Apostolorum. 1. ecclesiae, magistrorum qui ipsis successerunt, crediderint. Stapi l. 8. doctrine. prin●… cap. 10. pa. 287.  aught, no not so much as the Scriptures 
y Scripturae traditio, & omnia plane dogmata, a testimo●…io ecclesiae pendent. Bellar lib. de Eccles. milit. cap. 10. §. Adh●…c. & Ecclesiam interpretantur Papam. Non abnno. Gretz. Defence. Bellar. lib. 3. cap. 10. pa. 1451. et Mentitur Caluinista. Per ecclesiam enim (quando dicimus Ecclesiam esse omnium controversiarum fidei. judicem) intelligimus Pontisicem Romam●…m, qui pr●… tempore prasens ecclesiam gubernat. ibid. pa. 1450.  to be the word of God: no, not that there is a God, unless the Beast say so, and what soever the Beast saith, that without all scruple must be received as an Oracle 
z Papa cum totam ecclesiam docet in his quae ad fidem pertinent nulio casu ●…rrare potest. Dellar. lib. 4. de pontiff. Rom. cap. 3.  of God, and an undoubted Article of their Faith.  
Consider but in one point what themselves do teach and profess, concerning Rome, which is the Sea of that Beast. They cannot endure 
a Bell. lib. 3. de P●…nt. Ro. ca 13  to hear it called the seat of Antichrist, but yet they willingly profess, and fondly prove Rome to be that Babylon, 
b Io●…annes in A●…ocalipsi pass●…m Romā●…cat Bab●…io 〈◊〉. Bell. l●…b. 2. de p●…ntif. Rom. cap. 2. §. praeterea et johannes Apoc. 17. dicit decem 〈◊〉 habitu ro●… pu●…puratam 〈◊〉, id est, 〈◊〉 Bellar. lib. 3. de 〈◊〉 Rom. 〈◊〉. 1. § Secun 〈◊〉. Ego non 〈◊〉 argument. 〈◊〉, ut 〈◊〉, c●…nseci 〈◊〉 noms ne Roman iudic●…ri in Epist. Petri, & in 〈◊〉. R●…bera 〈◊〉 come meant. in cap. 14. Apoc. pa. 374.  whereof S. john prophesieth; that very Babylon I say, which is the 
c Apoc. 17. 5.  Mother of whoredoms and abominations of the earth, which 
d Apoc. 18▪ 3.  hath made all Nations drink of the wine of her fornications, and herself is drunk 
e Apoc. 17, 6.  with the blood of the Saints and Martyrs, whose destruction and utter desolation is foreshowed by the Apostle. 
f Apoc. cap. 14, 8. et ●…ap. ●…8, 2.  Thus much themselves profess and prove concerning Rome.  
Now, though some of 
g Dici potest et melius, per meretri●…em intell●…gi Roman, sed Romam Eth●…icam, 〈◊〉. Idola colentem, & C●…ristianos persequentem, non autem Roma●… Christianam. Bella●…▪ li●…. 3. de pont. Rom. ca ●…3, § Secundo, and by Babylon is signified, partly th●… whole societ●… of the wicked, partly the City of Rome, only in respect of the Terrene and Hea●… S●…ate of ●…hem that persecuted the Church. Rhe. Test. annot. in cap. 17. Apoc. 5.  them, very childishly indeed, have supposed only the old and Heathenish Rome, to be meant thereby; yet who foe pleaseth to read Ribera the jesuit, in his Commentary upon the 14. of the Revelation, shall see him by many evident and undeniable demonstrations, declare and prove; first, Rome to be that very Babylon 
h 〈◊〉 quae casara praedicitur mat●…r fornicationum▪ Rome quidem est, Riber ●…bid pa. 377.  where of Saint john speaketh; and secondly, even that Rome 
i Babylon est illa Roma, superstitionum et imp●…etatū author et conseruatrix, idolatriae princeps, scelerum omnium sentina C●…ristiani nominis hostis teterrima, sanctorum persecutrix atque interfectrix, qualis sub ethnicis Imperatoribus olim fa●…t, & qualis in fine saeculis futurae est. Riber. ibid. pa. 378.  to be Babylon, which shall remain near unto the end of the world. Of his large Treatise, let me allege some few words of his. Quoniam dubium non est; because (saith he) 
k Rib. ibid. pa. 382.  there is no doubt, but that Babylon is the very shop and Storehouse of all Idolatry, and of all wickedness: If we have already proved (as before he had) Rome to be Babylon, dubitari non potest, quin Roma prope finem saeculi haec omnia habitura sit, it cannot be doubted, but that Rome toward the end of the world, shall leave all these; to wit, all Idolatries, and all abominations. And again, that Rome shall be 
l Rib. ib. p. 381  burned and consumed with a mighty fire, not only for her old sins, when it was Heathenish, but for those also, which in 
* Extremis illis temporibus commissura est.  the last times it shall commit, Ad●…o perspicue cognoscimus. We know it (saith he) so evidently by the words of this Reu●…lation, Vi ne stultis●…imus quidem negare possit, that the veriest fool cannot deny it. And yet their great Cardinal Bellarmine and the Rhemists, blush not to deny it; whose sentence and doom, their own jesuit hath (as you see) pronounced. And then citing the words of the Apostle, 
m Apoc. 18. 2.  Babylon the great City is fallen, which hath made all Nations drink of her fornications; he adds, 
n Rib. pag. 381.  Haec qui leget, who so reads these things, may think them to be spoken of those, who lived before S. joha, or in his time; and this is true: but they are also spoken of those, qui extremo mundi tempore 〈◊〉, & cum ea fornicabuntur, who shall live (at Rome) in the last time of the world, and commit fornication with her. Whereof he gives a clear proof out of the Apostle, 
o Apoc. 18. 19  The Merchants and lovers of Babylon (that is, of Rome) shall weep and wail, and say; Alas, alas, the great City in one hour is made desolate, Vtrum illi lugebunt; whether (saith Ribera) 
p Rib. ibid. ut supra.  shall they lament thus, which are dead a thousand years since and more, An qui tunc vivent et videbunt fumum incendij eius? Or they, who shall then live, (when Rome is consumed) and shall see the smoke of her fire? Ex quo manifest p●…rspicitur, by which it is manifestly perspicuous, that the sins which Rome shall perpetrate in the last times, shall be altogether like those, which it committed under the Heathen Emp●…rors; that is, as himself 
q Rib. pa. 383.  expoundeth it, there shall be then in Rome, Summa Idolatriae omnis, & omnium peccatorum licentia, the greatest licence or allowance of all Idolatry, and of all sins, and so turned 
r In nefariorun scelerum sentinam convertetur. Rib. p. 182.  into a very sink of nefarious mischiefs. Thus writes their own jesuit Ribera.  
Seeing then it is not Rome Heathenish, which many hundreds of years since is out of date, but that Rome which as yet is to fall, and to be burned with fire, & which shall remain near to the end of the world, as Ribera truly doth demonstrate, which the spirit of God calleth Babylon, & whose eternal destruction is foreshowed by the Lord: Seeing again, as Bellarmine 
s Bel. lib. 4. de pont. Rom. ca 4.  of purpose proveth, and saith, 
t 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Quod.  that it is Pia et probabilissima sententia, a pious and most probable sentence, that Peter's chair cannot be separated or removed from 
u Idem probari potest ex eo, quod Deus ipse jussit Romae figi Apostolicam Petrisedem: quae autem jubet Deus, mittari ab hominibus non possunt. Bellar. ibid. §. secundo.  Rome, and that therefore the Roman Church, even the particular Church of Rome absolute, Non possit 〈◊〉 nec deficere, absolutely cannot err, not fail, nor cease, but Rome shall continue Christian, yea Popish, professing their present Popish Faith, unto the very end 
x Neque obstat quod tempore Antichristi Ro ma desolanda & cremanda videatur, ut d●…ducitur ex cap. 17. Apoc. nam hoc non fiet nisi in ●…ine 〈◊〉. Bel. ibid. §. accedit.  and destruction thereof: which by the calculation of this worthy Prognosticator, must precisely fall out within three 
y Antichristus non apparebit, neque regnare incipiet nisi tribus annis cum dimidio ante finem mundi. Bel lib. 3. de Pont. Rom. ca 9 §. Denique▪ & Antichristus odio habebit Roman & cum ea pugnabit, eam●… de solabit & incendet. ibid. cap. 13 § Tertio.  years and an half of the end of the world: It is hence evidently and inevitably consequent, that the present Popish Rome, professing their present Popish Faith, from which, as the Cardinal saith, it shall never fail nor fall away, is that very same Babylon, which is the mother of Idolatries and all abominations, & which shall most undoubtedly receive those judgements of desolation & eternal condemnation from the Lord.  
What a woeful and miserable thing is it then, to be a Papist, a member of the Church of Rome, or (which is all one) of Babylon? Especially, seeing God himself hath foretold, Apocalypse 18, 4. that they who partake of her sins, shall receive also of her plagues. And again, Apocalypse 14, 9, 10. If any receive the mark of the Beast, (that is subjection unto him) the same, unless he repent 
z Apoc. 18, 14  and go out of Babylon, shall drink of the Wine of the wrath of God, and be tormented in fire and Brimstone, before the holy Angels, and before the Lamb.  
Think now with yourselves, what a blessing and happiness we do all enjoy, who under the most Religious reign of our Sovereign, are freed and secured from that Iron, and more than Babylonish Captivity: who in abundance of peace and tranquillity, live to serve God in Bethel, and at JERUSALEM, in the house of God and City of peace, not in BETH-AVEN, not in BABYLON, in the house of vanity, of confusion and utter desolation.  
Let me say yet one thing more: whereas the Spirit of God hath foretold, 
a Apoc. 17, 16.  that sundry Kings and Kingdoms loathing and detesting the abominations and Idolatries of Babylon, which is confessed to be Rome, shall not only forsake the Whore, but hate her, and make her desolate and naked, and burn her with fire; which prophesy is in part begun 
b ●…reui occupa●… (Lutheri 〈◊〉) non solum multa reg na in partibus septent●…ionalibus, sed etiam vs●… ad Indos excurrere ausa est B●…l l●…b. 3 de Pont Rom. cap. 23. § simili●…udo. & Nostris semporibu●… Romana sedes magnam Germaniae partem amis●…t, Suetian, Gothiam, Norwegiam, Dania untuersam bonam Angliae, Galliae, Hei●…etiae, Poloniae, Bohemiae, ac 〈◊〉 partem. Bel lib. odd. cap. 21. §. At postea.  to be fulfilled, but in due time shall be fully accomplished. Though I am no Prophet, nor son of a Prophet, that I can divine, yet as one of those who expect and pray for the performance of God's promise, and full deliverance of all his people, from that miserable thraldom, 
c Apoc 6, 10.  crying; How long Lord, holy and true, dost thou not avenge our blood. It may well I say be hoped, considering the piety, Zeal, and magnanimity of our most Religious Sovereign, that either himself, or some of his most happy and Religious offspring, shall be the very General, the first and chief Leaders of the Armies of the Lord of Hosts against Babylon, and so not only give cause to all the people of God, with endless joy to sing that triumphant song for the ruin thereof foretold by the Apostle. Apoc. 18, 20. O heaven rejoice of her, and ye holy Apostles and Prophets rejoice, for God hath given your judgement of the Whore; but purchase also to themselves, that blessing and happiness, which God hath promised, ᵈ & will undoubtedly perform to the ruinaters & destroyers thereof. O daughter of Babylon, wasted with misery, happy shall he be that rewardeth thee, as thou hast served us, Blessed shall he be which taketh thy children, & dasheth them against the stones.  
To this blessing of Piety and Religion, let me adjoin another of nearest affinity, and which is also a special means to continue the former happiness unto us; to wit, the peaceable and happy settling of the Ecclesiastical government and affairs of our Church.  
Would to God that tumult in the Church, might never be remembered, but buried in eternal oblivion, which the new Donatists of this age have made: who 
e In hoc tota est controversia quod putent nul lamibi esse ecclesiam ubi haec politia non est c●…nstituta, aut non eo quo decet modo exercetur: nec illic homini Christians licere caenam recipere, eoque praetextu sese ab eccle●…ijs segregant in quibus verbum Dei pure annunciatur, volentes & inquiunt eius pollutionis participes esse, qua commaculantur ij, qui flagitiosoes & sceleratos non relegant. Cal●…in. Institut. advers. Anabap. Artic. 2. pa. 576. & duae fuerunt haereticorum sectae, alteri Cathaeci, id est Puri, alteri Donatistae, utrique in eodem errore fuerunt, quo isti somniatores, Eccl●…siam quaerentes in qua nihil possit desiderari. ibid. p. 581. Forsomuch as these assemblies stand in a false constitution, even in Apostasy, it is as clear as the Sun, that all men ought upon pain of damnation without delay, to depart out of them. Franc. john's. Treatise of the Minist. of England, whether it be to be separated from or no. pag. 62. None may have any spiritual communion therewith. Ibid. pag. 105. Their Church-assemblies are not congregations of faithful men, but a confusion o●… all manner of people (though never so wicked and profane) holds of all soul spirits. Fr. 〈◊〉. ans. to H. jac. Except. 1. pa. 6. They are not to be judged true Christians, nor ●…rue constituted Churches of Christ. ibid. pa. 23. And that name of Conventicles is to light and contemptuous for those meetings (of them of the Separation) for therein is to be considered for what cause they departed which was, through the mislike of that which Antichrist had brought in. T. C. Reply 2. to B. Whitg. pag. 38. and the government, ministery, offices, and ceremonies in England, are contrary to God's word: simply evil. Hen. lac lib. 4. assertion, dedicated to King james, An. 1604 pa. 1. & 4. & seq. and Whet●…al pa. 66. 67. ●…8.  like those 
f Insinuabo secundum Apostolum, quod ecclesia mea rugas & maculas sola non habeat, ait Fulgentius August. lib contra Fulg. Donatist. art. 15.  in Saint Austin's time can abide no spot nor wrinkle in the Church: who cry unto others; Depart, 
g Isa. 52. 11. Ille non intelligens illa verba Isaiae ad sui erroris sententiam detorqueri conatur, Recedite, reced●…te, etc. August lib 3. cont. ep. parm. cap 4. Every one must be an he-goat before the rest to lead them out. Fr. john. treat of the Minist. pa. 66.  depart ye, go out from thence, and touch no unclean thing, or stand 
h Isay. 65 5.  apart, and come not near us, we are holier than you; and who glorying, as S. Austen 
i Aust. lib. 3. cont. epist. tarm. cap. 1.  showeth in these words of the Apostle. 
k I Cor. 5. 13.  Take away evil from among you, Ad sacrilegium scismatis, & occasionem praecisionis usurpant: They abuse those Apostolical words, to make a Schism, which is Sacrilege, and for an occasion of Praecision, of cutting off, and separating themselves from the true Church of God, which by a late learned man 
l Tametsi vitae plusquam angelicae speciem prae nobis feramus, tamen si tali audacia nos sepa●…mus à Christiano caetu, fimus Diaboli. Cal. Inst. adver. Anab. art. 2. pag. 582.  is condemned for Diabolical, though otherwise a man live an Angelical life.  
But alas, it is too apparent to the world, & the church which hath felt the smart thereof, hath grieved and groaned to see her own children, whom she hath nourished, and tenderly brought up, to rebel against her, and with Corah, Dathan and Abyram, to go apart, and make a faction against Moses and Aaron, and with disdainful insolency to say 
m Num. 16, 3.  unto them, Moses and Aaron, ye take too much upon you, seeing all the congregation is holy, wherefore lift ye up yourselves above the congregation of the Lord.  
Nay though the Church out of the tenderness of a mother's compassion, would willingly cover and conceal all these wrongs, yet are they too well known in Gath, and published in the streets of Askalon; and the uncircumcised Philistims by these men's occasion, have and do daily blaspheme the name of God, and his glorious truth and Gospel, which we do profess: who rejoicing in our discords, and saying among themselves; There, there, so would we have it, do even laugh and triumph, to see how those who should have turned their edge against Amalecke and Babylon, the enemies of the Lord, have been most sharply whetted, and seditiously backed also, to wound their own mother; and those, who in the church are like Eliah, 
n 2. King. ●…, 11  the very Chariots and Horsemen of Israel.  
It is not my purpose at this time to entreat, either of the dignity, or of the Divine and Sacred authority of those most reverend Fathers of the Church, which in another very learned and Academical assembly, I have some years 
o Praelect. I. in epist. ad Tit. Oxon. I. jul. 1605.  since at large demonstrated, to have an assured and undeniable warrant, not only from all antiquity and the renowned practice of the whole Primitive Church, but even from the Apostles themselves, and from the divine institution and ordinance of the Lord.  
Nor is it my purpose at this time, to make evident unto you, how that Imperious, nay rather Imperial, presbiteriall Consistory, which those new builders had fancied; besides that, it wants all ground of Scripture and of Antiquity, is in truth, and in experience would prove, a very Seminary of sedition, and a Sanctuary to every turbulent and seditious Gracchus, both in Church and kingdom. Nor was it possible, that a fancy so repugnant to Scriptures, Fathers, and all Antiquity, so contrary to the peace and tranquillity both of Church and kingdom, could ever have found like entertainment, if the maintainers and abetters thereof had not been guided, nay blinded with two most dangerous affections both for Church and Commonwealth, affectation of Singularity, and of Popularity.  
That which I would only mention at this time, is the great blessing, which by the happy means of our Solomon we now enjoy; who seeing, and grieving to see a rent in God's Church, himself like 
p Psal. 106, 30  Phinees, stood in the gap, and with more than Princely Clemency and Moderation, made up the breach, appeased those affairs, and removed that shame and reproach from Israel, which the unquietness of contentious spirits, had brought upon it. Who being wise as the Angel of the Lord, according to the abundance of that admirable and Divine wisdom, wherewith God hath extraordinarily filled his Royal heart, hath firmly settled and established the Ark of the Lord upon those holy Mountains of Zion, on which, even from the most pure and primitive days of the Church, and from the Apostles themselves it had ever rested. Which if their fancy might have prevailed, had long since not only been removed from Zion, but placed also as did the Philistims place it. 1. Sam. 6, 11. most basely and totteringly, and disgracefully even set upon a Cart.  
In the happy establishing whereof, though some few as the Eckronites 
q 1. Saith. 5▪ 10, 12.  have been justly smitten of the Lord, because they neither had right, nor bare sincere love to the Ark of God, whose cure also hath been sought, & that with most tender and fatherly care and compassion: but such is the zeal of opposition, and predominancy of Popularity and contentious humours, that by no demonstrations of reason will they be persuaded, no, not when they are indeed persuaded; by no authority will they be mo●…ed, no, not by that Sacred and Sovereign, which God himself hath appointed in many of those affairs, to be the very Canon and rule of right: though some few of these, I say, may repine hereat, yet shall it ever be the honour, yea, the felicity and safety also of our Sovereign, to have those holy Aaron's to support his Princely hands: and this shall ever be reckoned as a special, and as it is in truth, even a rare blessing of God upon this Church and Kingdom, by all those, whosoever not in show, but in sincerity and truth, wish to see peace in Zion, and prosperity in jerusalem.  
I must in silence pass by many other and great blessings, which by the means of our SALOMON, are heaped upon us. But let my tongue cleave to the roof of my mouth, if I forget that one most memorable happiness, which we all received by him on that fifth of November. That one day shall be for ever a most glorious. Trow▪ haeum, and everlasting Monument, both of his most blessed and unspeakable Wisdom, and of the infinite blessings which by him we have all received. By it, we enjoy not only our Goods, our Lands, our livings, our Liberty, our Religion; but even this, that we live and breathe this day, we owe it to him, and to his wisdom.  
It was not the Love nor Loyalty of his, though most loving and Loyal Subjects, which prevented that sudden and secret blow, that should at once have dispatched and blown up all. It was not the Prudence and vigilancy of those thrice-Noble worthies of King David; the Golden pillars of Israel, though a most wise, and a most Honourable Senate. All may, and all willingly do disclaim the praise of that day. The whole honour of that most wonderful, and withal, most happy deliverance, must be given first to thee, O most glorious, and most gracious God, and next after thee to thine anointed alone. Thou didst fill his heart, as thou didst sometime the heart of thy holy Prophet Daniel, with wisdom from above to 
r Dan. I. 21. 22  Discover the deep and secret things, and to know what is in darkness. And he being full of thy Spirit, to the endless comfort of this Empire, and of all his loyal subjects, discovered indeed that dark and secret speech, that dark and secret Vault, that dark, secret, and hellish treason, & so kept off that imminent blow, which would have proved fatal to him, to us, and to all his kingdoms.  
The happiness of that day, & of thy wisdom (O gracious King) our Histories and Chronicles shall commend, our Laws and Statutes shall record to all eternity. Every City, Town, and Village, every Church in this Land, every degree of thy people, from the tallest Cedar, to the very Shrub, shall sing and sound forth thy Noble praise. And as the Israelites did 
s Zach. 12, 12, 13.  in honour of josiah, every Tribe and family shall praise thee apart, and their Wives apart: The royal and princely Tribe of juda shall praise thee apart, and the holy Tribe of Levy shall praise thee apart: The Nobility shall praise thee apart: the Gentry & Commons shall praise thee apart: The Students of a●…professions shall praise thee apart: the Men of War, and the Men of Peace shall praise thee apart: yea, every House, & every Family throughout all Israel shall praise thee apart.  
We in this age will speak of thy praise to our Children, & our Children, to their children's Children, unto all generations. And if it were possible that we or our posterity could be silent herein, yet the Magnificent and princely buildings and Monuments, in these two famous and renowned Cities, the very wood and walls of these houses, & stones in these streets, even with their dumb eloquence, would sing aloud, and sound forth thy Noble praise: all which in their kinds are partakers of that happiness, which under thee, and by thee, we then all received.  
judge now with yourselves, if besides many and great blessings which I have purposely omitted, for these so great and indeed invaluable blessings which by the happy means of our SALOMON we do enjoy, we may not all most justly say to him, as did the Queen of Sheba to King Solomon: [Happy O King are thy people, and happy are thy Servants.]  
Shall I further here add, whereof this Queen is silent in that King of Israel, that the wisdom of our SALOMON is an happiness, not only to his own people and Subjects, but even to strangers also? The gracious beams there of like those of the Sun, spreading themselves to far and foreign Countries; yea, to the utmost Coasts of this and the other world.  
To omit many other and evident proofs hereof, even that which being the chief, if time would suffer aught not to be omitted, that with such constancy and zeal, himself holds forth a glorious Lamp of Piety, and true Religion unto all Christian Kings and kingdoms, performing herein that which Gods spirit hath noted 
t Eccle. 12. 9  as the greatest part of wisdom, the more wise the King was, the more he taught them knowledge, & caused them to hear: But omitting these, let the honourable expedition now happily intended for Virginea be a witness: enterprised, I say not auspicijs, but by the most wise & religious direction and protection of our chiefest Pilot, seconded by so many honourable and worthy personages in this State and kingdom, that it may justly give encouragement with alacrity and cheerfulness for some to undertake, for others to further so noble & so religious an attempt. I may not stay in this straightness of time, to mention, much less set forth unto you, the great and manifold benefits which may redound to this our so populous a Nation, by planting an English Colony in a Territory as large and spacious almost as is England, and in a soil so rich, fertile, and fruitful, as that besides the sufficiencies it naturally yealds for itself, may with best convenience, supply some of the greatest wants and necessities of these Kingdoms. Of these and such like particulars I will not now entreat, though I could commend them by more than ordinary and vulgar report unto you.  
But that happiness which I mentioned, is an happy and glorious work indeed, of planting among those poor and savage, and to be pitied Virginians, not only humanity, instead of brutish incivility, but Religion also, Piety, the true knowledge and sincere worship of GOD, where his name is not heard off: and reducing those to Faith and salvation by Christ▪ who as yet in the blindness of their Infidelity and superstition, do offer Sacrifice, yea, even themselves unto the Devil.  
This being the Religious and honourable intendment of this enterprise, what glory shall hereby redound unto God? What Honour to our Sovereign? What comfort to those his Subjects, who shall be the means or furtherers of so happy a work, not only to see a new BRITAIN in another world, but to hear also those, as yet Heathen, Barbarous, and Brutish people, together with our English, to learn the speech and language of Canaan: and next after their Hymns and hallelujah unto God, to sound forth the honour and happiness of our Sovereign; not only saying with this Queen of Sheba, Happy are thy people, and thy Subjects, but happy are we and others, that were strangers to you; yea strangers and aliens to God, happy are we by thee, and by thy wisdom.  
And this be spoken of the second general point, which concerns the people and their happiness, by having Solomon a wise and prudent King to rule over them.  
The third general point concerns almighty God, and contains a thanksgiving to him, for setting Solomon a wise King to rule over his people. Blessed be the Lord thy God which set thee on his Throne.  
The acknowledgement in this Queen, of the true God of Israel, of his Divine providence, and omnipotent power in placing Solomon in his own Throne; of his goodness and love to Israel, whom he would establish for ever; of his righteousness, in that he would have his people governed by justice and judgement; specially this her Religious thanksgiving unto God, for this blessing bestowed on his people; all these are so many evident demonstrations of her true knowledge of God, of her love to God, and Gods Children, of her sincere Piety, and Religious serving of God; & that though by Nature she was a Gentile, and alien from God, yet was she by his special grace one of those Primitiae gentium, which were engrafted into the true Olive, and made partakers of the fatness thereof, and of those heavenly blessings stored up in jesus Christ.  
But I purposely omit all these particulars. The only point which I would now commend unto you is, what a motive and provocation this aught to be for us all, to laud and magnify the Lord, for placing so wise and Religious a King over us and all these kingdoms.  
King Solomon was but a stranger to this Queen, who yet as you see is so thankful to God: He so far from being a stranger to us, that we may say as did the Tribes of Israel to King David. 2. Sam. 5, 1. We are thy bones, and thy flesh.  
She being but a sojourner for a very short time in that kingdom, could not long partake the benefit of his instructions, nor of peace and protection by his justice and judgement: But we from our SALOMON, receive continual influence of his Divine both Sacred and Political Wisdom, continual protection under his sacred shield, continual tranqu●…lity under his most just, equal, and wholesome Laws, both Ecclesiastical and Civil: How much more than should our mouths be filled with praises and blessings unto the Lord our God? And how Religiously should we say as she did; Blessed be the Lord thy GOD, which loved thee, to set thee on his Throne.  
I doubt not, but for these blessings of the Lord, often times in your private houses and Chambers, ye sing Hymns and Psalms with a grace in your hearts unto the Lord. But because for these public and extraordinary blessings, GOD looks for public and extraordinary praises at our hands; because we are now assembled in this place, as at the Temple of jerusalem, of purpose to offer the sweet Sacrifice and Incense of our lips unto God, and this day both before men and Angels, to testify our thanksgiving unto God, our love and▪ loyalty to our Sovereign. Let every one of you provoke & stir up another, and suffer me as one of the Trumpeters of the Lord to excite us all, and stir up your prepared hearts, and Religious affections, for all and every of these blessings, to laud and magnify the glorious name of God, and if it be possible, by some extraordinary strain of our united thanks, to pierce the very skies, and give an echo to those Celestial Quires, singing Halleluiah, Halleluiah, honour, and praise, and glory, be unto God, & to the Lamb for evermore.  
First, for that abundance of our continued and happy peace, let us say with the Prophet, 
u Psa. 147, 12, 13.  Praise the Lord, O jerusalem, praise thy God, O Zion, for he hath made fast the bars of thy gates, and blessed thy children within thee: He maketh peace in thy borders, and filleth thee with the flower of Wheat.  
For establishing together with this peace, his holy Temple and Sanctuary among us, and in it the true and sincere worship of his holy name, O that we could express the like joy, as did the Israelites for their Temple which Solomon built and established among them! All the congregation assembled therein, the Levites and singers of all sorts, of Asaph, Heman, and jeduthun, being clad in fine Linen, stood with Cymbals, with Viols, & with haps, at the East end of the Altar, and with them an hundred and twenty Priests blowing with Trumpets, & they were all but as one man, and made but one sound to be heard in praising the Lord. 2. Chron. 5, 12, 13. But because the pomp and beauty of the second Temple, is even as nothing to the first, let us yet with the best Trumpets of our hearts and tongues, and with all our most solemn Instruments of music, sing that Psalm of Thanksgiving, which they then did unto God; Praise the Lord, for he is good, and his mercy endureth for ever. Praise the Lord.  
Like joy and thanksgiving let us all show for the Ark of the Lord, which by the means of our SALOMON, according to Gods own ordinance is established on those holy Mountains of Zion, of which the Lord hath said, here will I dwell, for I have a delight therein.  
Yea, let us for these blessings, not only sing and rejoice, but with the Kingly Prophet, 
x 2 Sam. 6. 14. 15.  even shout, and dance with all our might before the Lord. For which, howsoever some Michols of Babylon, or of the house of Saul, shall scoff and scorn, and tauntingly say unto us. O how glorious are you for the Temple, and for the Ark this day! yet this is our comfort, and shall for ever be our honour, that in uprightness of heart, we can truly say with that man of God: It is before the Lord, who hath chosen us, and not your Father's house, and who hath commanded us to rule over the people of God: and therefore will we sing, and play, and dance; yea, and be more vile also then thus before the Lord. And even of those maidservants of Israel, of whom you spoke, that is, of the holy Church of God, shall we be had in honour. But for those scoffing Michols of the rejected house of Saul, and those blaspheming rabseka's of Assyria, they shall be as chaff scattered before the Wind, and as dung swept away from the presence of the Lord, and from the face of the earth.  
But what can we render unto God, or say unto him for that most rare and wonderful deliverance? Let us say with the Israelites, after the like delivery from the jaws of Pharaoh and the red sea. Exod. 15, ver. 1, 2, 11. We will sing unto the lord, for he hath triumphed gloriously. Who is like unto thee O Lord; glorious in holiness, fearful in praises & doing wonders: the lord is my strength & praise, & is become my salvation: he is my God, and I will praise him▪ he is my father's God, and I will exalt him. Or let us sing that Psalm 
y Psal. 124.  of the whole Church. If the Lord himself had not been on our side, may Israel now say. They had swallowed us up quick when they were so wrathfully displeased at us. The Waters; nay, the raging Fires had devoured us, the flames had gone over our soul. Praised be the Lord, which hath not given us over for a prey unto their teeth.  
Lastly, for all these, and for all other the blessings of the Lord; specially, for his Sacred Majesty, under whom, and by whom we live, and live to enjoy them all; let us with one heart and mind sing that last Psalm of the Prophet: O praise God in his holiness, praise him in the firmament of his power; praise him in his Noble acts, praise him according to his excellent greatness: Praise him in the sound of the Trumpet, praise him upon the Lute and Harp, praise him in the Cymbals and Dances, praise him upon the strings and Pipe: praise him upon the well-tuned Cymbals, praise him upon the loud Cymbals. Let every thing that hath breath, praise the Lord.  
And this be spoken of the thanksgiving to God, for placing Solomon a wise King over his people.  
In this Thanksgiving, we before observed two particular Branches. The former was, from whom King Solomon had and held his kingdom. Of which it is here showed, that he had it neither from the Priest, nor from the people, but immediately from God; and therefore, it is expressly here said, [God made thee King over Israel and He set thee on the Throne] not the Priest, not the people, but God made him King, and God set him on the Throne. For further evidence whereof, it is here added that Solomon was set in the Throne, neither of the Priest, nor of the people, but he was set in Gods own Throne, as King, & set there in God's steed, as one immediately represeuting Gods own person among them, and being his immediate Vicegerent, or Lieutenant over all Israel.  
To this purpose, the Scriptures, not only in general call Kings the Ministers or Lieutenants of God, Rom. 13, 4. and saith, that God sets up Kings and gives kingdoms, Daniel 2. 21. 37. but particularly also noteth this immediate designment of God in many of them: as of David, The Lord chose him to be King, and delighted in him to make him King over all Israel. 1. Chron. 28, 4. Of Saul, The Lord hath anointed thee to be Governor over his inheritance, 1. Sam. 10. 1. Of Hasael and jehu, God said unto the Prophet, anoint Hasael King over Aram, and jehu shalt thou anoint King over Israel, 1. King. 19, 15. and to omit others of Solomon, whom our Text mentioneth: God chose Solomon to sit upon the Throne, and he said of Solomon; I will 'stablish his Kingdom for ever. 1. Chron. 28, 5, 7.  
The describer 
a Author libelli, cui inscripti●…: Brevis n●…rratio quomodo Henricus 4. Fra●…▪ ●…c Navar. Rex apud Clem. 8. humiliter per legatos egerit, ac s●…pius s●…pplex factus, tandem h●…reseos, absolutionem obtinuerit. Anno. 1596.  of the victory and glorious triumph, as he 
b Idem Author, pa. 3. De authoritate & potentia Rom. Pontificis, victoriâque Clementis 8. de Henrico 4. Gloriose triumpl●…ātis.  calls it, which Pope Clement 8. got over Henry 4. The present French King, at his unhappy revolt and subjection to the Man of sin, among other Pageants of that triumph tells us, that whereas some curious French Politicians (as he 
c Quod nugantur huius aetatis plus satis curiosi Politici Galli. Ibid.  terms them) do maintain, the King to 
d Suum imperium immediate à Deo obt●…nere, ibid.  hold his Kingdom immediately from God, that this H●…beatur res maximè ridicula Romae: Is at Rome accounted a ridiculous, Nay, a most ridiculous matter.  
Indeed it is no news nor marvel, that the sacred truth of God should be blasphemed, and made a very jest and laughingstock at Rome, which is the Mother of abominations, as themselves 
e Babylon quae casura praedicitur, Babylon meretrix purpurata, Babylon matter fornicationum et abhominationun terrae, Roma quidem est. Riber. jesuit. in ca 14. Apoc. pa. 377  profess, and which hath a Name of Blasphemy 
f Apoc. 17. 5. In front me●…etricis scriptum est nomen▪ bl●…spbemiae, id est, Romae aeternae Hierom. ad Algas. quest 11. As for his behaviour who now raig●…eth, I have seen him and considered, of him. having upon his head a triple Crown where is written upon his forehead in precious stones the word Mystery. A Christian Declaration of Fran. Breton, a Monk of the Celestines, publicly made at Vendosm janu. 28. 1601.  in her forehead, and hath enlarged her mouth to blaspheme God and his Tabernacle. Where if any Doctrine distaste the Beast, or want his allowance, not this only, and such like sacred truths, but even the sacred Scriptures themselves shall be made a jest, and no better esteemed than are Aesop's Fables, as you may perceive both by Car linall Hosius, 
g Scripturas valere quantum A●…sopi fabulas, si 〈◊〉 authoritate Ecclesiae: potuit illud pio sensu di●…i, etc. Etiam quae pie dict●… esse scis in sensu n impium deto●…ques. Hosius de author sacr. scrip. lib. 3. x B●…ent. Proleg. sol. 148.  and by Gretzer, 
h Quod quidem Wo●…fangus Hermanus dixit, Scripturas tantum valerequamtum valent Aesop●… sabulae nisi accedat ecclesiae testim ●…iam ●…ō a lo absurd dictum est ut mereatu●… stigmati illo muri. O impium & blasphemum os. Loquitur enim etc. Iaco●…. Gretz. Append. 2. add lib. 1. Bellar. pa. 396.  the late defender of Bellarmine, the most scurrile Writer that this or the former Age hath seen; who shames not to excuse that very speech and comparison, from falsity, from impiety, and from blasphemy.  
But howsoever this Doctrine be by the Romanists 
i Be●…lar. lib. de laicis. ca 5. & Rhemist. Tes●…ā. annot in 1. Pet. 2. 13.  condemned, and in these days counted at Rome most ridiculous, yet both in itself it is most sacred, being grounded as you have seen upon the word of God, and as most sacred hath it been esteemed in the primitive Church, among the ancient Fathers, and godly Writers of all Ages.  
It was most sacred in the days of Tertullian, who lived in the next age to the Apostles. In his Book Ad Scapulam, ca 2. Colimus Imperatorem ut hominem à Deo secundum, et quicquid est à Deo consecutum, & solo Deo minorem▪ We Christians (saith he) do honour the Emperor as a Man, next or immediate unto God, inferior to none but God, and whatsoever he hath (in respect of his Imperial authority) he hath it from God. And again, most excellently in his Apologetical against the Gentiles, Cap. 30. Christians (saith he) do know, who it is that gives the Empire unto Caesar's; even God alone: In cuius solius potestate su●…t, under whose only power and authoriry they are: à quo sunt secundi, post quem primi, ante omnes & supra omnes Deos, atque 
l Super omnes Deos. quidem? cum super omnes homines, qui utique viu●…nt et mortuis antistant.  homines: From which God, Emperors are the second, after whom they are the first; before all, and above all other, both Gods and living men. Ind est Imperaetor, unde est & homo antequam Imperator, inde potestas illi unde et spiritus: He makes him Emperor, who made him a man before he was Emperor; from him he hath his Sceptre, from whom he hath his Soul. What could be spoken more divinely? What more eloquently? What more effectually for the imperial authority of Kings, immediately and only derived from God, immediately depending of God, and of 
〈◊〉 Sentiunt eum Deum esse solum.  God alone? And all this was spoken in those ancient and primitive days of the Gospel, not in the person of Tertullian only, but as the judgement and just defence of all the Christians, and of the Church, as at that time; yea, even of the whole Church of R●…me itself, than Catholic and Apostolical, where Tertullian lived and writ this, though the very same Doctrine in the present Apostatical, Antichristian, and Babylonish Rome be made a very jest, and accounted as you have heard a most ridiculous matter.  
It was sacred to Optatus, Bishop of Melivis, who in his 3. Book 
m Page 85.  against Permenian, most divinely saith: Super Imperatorem non est nisi Deus solus, qui s●…cit Impera●…orē: there is none at all above the Emperor, but God only who made the Emperor.  
Sacred to S. chrysostom, who speaking of Theodosius the great, in his 2. Homily, ad Pop. Antioch saith of him: Parem non habet ullum super terram, summitas & caput omnium super terram hominum: The Emperor hath not his Peer or equal upon earth, he is the highest, and head of all men upon earth.  
Sacred to Saint Ambrose, who in his Apology of David 
n Nullis legibus tenebatur humanis. ca 4. Rex. utique era●… nullis ipse legibus tenebatur qui●… liberi sunt Reges a vincul●…s delictorum. ibid. ca 10.  saith; that Kings are not subject, nor obnoxious to any humane Laws, Tuti Imperij potestate, being freed by the highness of their Imperial authority, but yet they are subject to God, unto whom King David said: To thee only have I sinned.  
Sacred to S. Austen, who often saith, 
o August. lib. 4. de civit. d●…i. ca 33  that it is God who gives earthly Kingdoms, whether to good or bad: and when kings command that which is good, Per illos non jubet nisi Christus, none commands by them, but only Christ. Epist. 166. and yet had Kings depended on any superior power, their commands should have been both Christ's, and his also to whom they had been subject.  
Sacred to their own Pope Gregory the first; great I confess for learning, but in acknowledgement of this truth, which is now at Rome so ridiculous, far greater. In his 2. Book of Epist. ca 100 He thus writes of Mauritius the Emperor. Potestas super omnes homines, dominorum meorum pietati caelitus data est. First, he calls the Emperor his Lord, than he faith, power and authority is given unto him, but from whom? Caelitus, even from GOD, and from Heaven. ay, but perhaps with a subordination or mediation of some other. No (saith Pope Gregory) it is given him above, and over all other persons whatsoever; and therefore without any dependence of men, who are all inferiors to him, & so immediately depending and derived from God, who alone (as this Pope truly saith) is above the Emperor.  
Omitting the succession of other ages, let me adjoin to these, two other most memorable examples, and of far later times: the one in the Roman, which is elective; the other, in our English, which is an hereditary Kingdom.  
About 300. years since, when some depressed the imperial authority, as depending on some other besides God. Lewes of Bavare then Emperor, not only by his edict declared and proved, that the Empire was held à solo 
(p) Imperator non habet imperium a Papa s●…d a solo Deo. Et concludit quod potestas imperialu est immeditate a Deo Decret. Lud: Caesar▪ adver. pont. builā apud Na●…cler. an. 1338.  Deo, et immeditate à Deo; From God alone, & immediately from God, which out of their own Canon 
(q) Imperator habet privilegia sua potestatis quae diuinit●…s co●…sequutus est. Dict. 96. ca Si Imperator. ubi glossa sic. ait. Divinitus, non ergo a Papa, nam imperium a solo Deo est. V●… 20. q. 3. ca quaesitum.  Law he further proveth, as may be seen in the history of Nauclerus, upon the year 1338. But further, Legem sancivit, the Emperor made and published a law, & that most deliberately; Omni ambiguitate per sacra●…um literarum Antistites maturè solerterque discussa: all doubts and ambiguities being leisurably and sound discussed: some part of which imperial law being worthy not the reading only or hearing, but engraving in golden letters upon the walls of our houses, & posts of our doors, I have thought requisite to recite unto you.  
De consi●…io et consensu, By the counsel and consent of the Electors and other Princes we declare: Imperialem dignitatem et potestatem à solo D●…o pendere, That the Imperial dignity & authority depends only of God. And whosoever shall presume to affirm, or consent to others, affirming aught against this decree, we deprive them, and hereby do decree them iure et facto, both in right, and indeed to be deprived of all their freeholds 
r Omnibus feudi●….  or farms, & of all their privileges which they hold of the Empire, Et insuper eos crim●…n laesa Mai●…statis incurrisse: And further we decree and declare, such to have incurred the crime of high Treason, and to be subject to all those punishments which are infflicted upon traitors.  
These are the very words of that imperial Law, as you may see them set down, and much more to this purpose. In Hieron▪ Balbus, one of their own Popish Bishops, in his Book De Coronatione, dedicated unto Charles the fifth, the Emperor. Pag. 39 and 40. of that Book.  
The other Testimony is an Authentical record also of no less moment, and somewhat of a later time. A statute made in the 16. year of King Richard 2. Cap. 5. of purpose to keep sacred and inviolable the Sovereignty and Regality of this Kingdom. It was therein declared, that the Crown of England hath been so free at all times (not then only, but which is specially to be remembered at all times) that it hath been in subjection to no Realm, but Immediately subject to GOD, and to none other, in all things touching the Regalty of the same. These are the words in that statute, besides divers other tending hereunto, In defence of which statute they in the Parliament then assembled, promised to live and die, as it is there noted.  
By all which it is evident, that this doctrine which now at Rome is counted most ridiculous, is in itself most sacred, as being grounded on the scriptures of God; and as most sacred hath been embraced by all the Christians in the primitive Church; taught and maintained with a general consent by the ancient and godly fathers in their several ages and successions: constantly defended by whole kingdoms and Empires, and that under pain of high Treason to the gainsayer thereof, even in those later times also, when superstition had dimmed, I confess, but not quite extinguished and put out the truth, and (which is far worse) the love of the truth, as it may justly be feared, it hath done at this day in Rome, and in those of their sect, who to error and heresy have added not only obstinacy, but blasphemy, like new Lucian's scoffing the sacred truth of God, accounting it a most a ridiculous matter.  
May I with your patience proceed a little further in this argument, to consider (which is in truth worthy your consideration; seeing these men will not allow Kings and Emperors to hold immediately from God, which being the most Honourable, is most fit to be a Regal Tenure) to whom else they would have them be beholden, and to do homage and fealty for their Crowns and Kingdoms.  
And to whom else think you but to the utter enemy of God, to that man of sin, and son of perdition, who exalts himself indeed, as the Apostle 
s 2. Thes. 2. 4.  saith, and whom they also have exalted above all: Exalting him first from a Christian Bishop, to an Antichristian Pope, and then from a Pope or Pastor, to a Temporal King & supreme Monarch of all, whose Sovereignty must be over all Kings and people, and his Dominion over all Lands, goods, and possessions in the whole world. Even of this man of sin, must all Kings hold their Crowns and Kingdoms, and that in the most base & servile tenure that can be devised, holding them as Tenants at will, Ex Pontificis mero favore & gratia, by the mere favour & good will of the Pope; as the vain Triumpher 
t Brevis narrat. victor. Clem. 8. de Hen. 4. gloriose triumphantis.  affirms of the Kingdom of France.  
These to be their resolved positions, you may clearly perceive by Franciscus Bozius, who professedly sets down, and undertakes, by the help of God and Saint Peter, to prove thus much, 
u Fr. Boz. lib. 1 de tempor. ecclesiae Monarchiae ca 3. p. 52.  Supremam jurisdictionem temporalem esse penes Petri. successores ita ut idem sit Hierarcha, et Monarcha in omnibus, that the supreme temporal jurisdiction belongs to the Pope, so that he is both an Hierarch, and a Monarch 
ˣ ibid. cap. 20. pa. 210.  in all things: affirming 
u Fr. Boz. lib. 1 de tempor. ecclesiae Monarchiae ca 3. p. 52.  again his Arguments, to show that to the Pope belongs indeed the Supreme temporal Monarchy, for which he entitles his Book, De Temporali Ecclesiae Monarchio: By Rodulphus Cupers, who 
y Cup. ●…ō. ad ca oportebat dinct. 79. pa. 43. nu. 39 merito censeatur, reque ipsa existat.  saith, that the Pope is deservedly esteemed, and is indeed, Rex regum & Dominus Dominantium, the King of Kings, and Lord of Lords; and that 
z Ibid. pa. 257 nu. 62.  the direct Dominion of the Empire belongs to God, and consequently to the Pope, as being God's Vicar, who permits (as he saith) the power of the sword, Cui libeat, to whom he listeth. By Aug. Steuchus, 
a lib. de donat. Const.  who not only challengeth Sovereignty 
b Haec Romana sacro-sancta ecclesia supremiā absolutumque habet principatum ac potestatem. lib. 2. sol. 236.  and Dominion in many Kingdoms, as in right belonging to the Pope, particularly 
c ●…u. Steu. lib. 2. fol. 237. & seq.  of Spain, Arragon, Portugal, England, France, Italy, Denmark, Hungaria, Croatia, Dalmatia, Russia, Bohemia, Su●…tia, Norwegia, and in a word, of (
d Quid superest in occidente sp. ape▪ te non sit sedis apost●…licae? ) all the Western Kingdoms and Countries: but as if all this were too small a Patrimony for the Pope, he adds; that this 
e Quid plura prosequar ut comprobitur retustissimā, ac fere omnipotentem, ecclesiae Ro manae super omni bus regnis ac regibus potestatem. Sten. ibid. fol. 238.  (as he calls it) most ancient, and almost Omnipotent power, is extended over all Kings and Kingdoms, and that the Pope rules 
f Totum orbem terrarum Imperij●… moderabantur habenas omni●…m terrarum tenentes. ibid.  the whole world, and holds the reigns of all kingdoms, 
g Steu. ibid. fol 238.  suffering other Kings and Emperors to reign, Modo Dominam ac reginam agnoscant & fateantur, but with this condition, that they acknowledge and confess an higher power or Sovereignty to be in the Pope. By the Romish Thrasonical Triumpher (
h Brev. Nar. de Hen. 4 & Clem. 8.  before mentioned, who brags that all 
i Non est regnum in terra quod non est obligatum huic sedi Apostolicae.  Kingdoms in the world are beholden to the Pope, because all do, or aught to swear to defend his Sea. And to omit others, you may see this most largely in Alexander Carerius, the late 
k Nullo quidem labore sacilique negotio Bellarmini ratio▪ ibus possimus satisfacere. Car. lib. 2. cap. 6. §. Nullo. & Tertium Corellarium à Bellarmino adiectum, iam fuit explosum, & infra dissusius explodemus. ibid. ca 8. §. Tertium.  controller of Cardinal Bellarmine, in the second of those his Books, De Potestate Romani pontificis, entitled by him against impious Politicians and heretics of this time, but of purpose, and at large refuting, and that not without scorn their own great Cardinal, his position and Reasons.  
Carerius there tells us, that as 
l Lib. 2. ca 5. §. Nec in.  God, so the Pope may be called a Temporal Lord and Monarch of the world, that the 
m Negatur quod Papa, ut papa non sit princeps. Car. lib. 2. ca 8. §. Assertio. Ideo falsum est, quod papa ut Papa, lege, civiles condere, & Caesareas immutare ac corrigere nequeat. ibidem.  Pope, as Pope, is such a Prince, in whom is the top of Temporal Authority, and therefore that as Pope, he may make civil laws, and may change and correct thy Imperial laws. Further, out of Saucius one of their Bishops, he 
c Car. lib. 2. ca 9 §. Sequitur.  affirms, that this is cum recta side tenendum, to be held as an Article of the right faith, Principa●…um Romani pontificis esse verum, & unicum immediatum principatum totius orbis, nedum quoad spiritualia, sed quoad temporalia, that the kingdom of the Pope, is the true, and the only immediate principality or kingdom of the whole world, & that not only in Spiritual, but in Temporal causes. In regard whereof, he somewhat pleasantly calls the Pope 
d Ibid. cae. 15, § Argumentum.  Orbis virum, the husband or good man of the world, which you may well think, is indeed a fit wife for his holiness.  
As for Kings and Emperors they teach, that their Authority is but 
e Pro exacta huius rei notitia, obseruandum est, quod Potestas est Immediata, & in Ministerium data. Prima est in solo Papa, ut universalis iurisdictio omnium spiritualium & temporalium. Altera est i●… imperatore, Regibus & principibus saecularibus qui jurisdictionem super talia adeo mediant Papa accipiunt. Carrer. lib. 2. cap. 14. §. Hinc.  Ministerial derived from the Pope, and dependent 
f Variae sunt hominum potestates, à Deo datae diversaeque authoritates, quae omnes à summa potestate (P●…ntificis) pendent, ab illaque lumen recipiunt, ut sidera à sole. Carrer. lib 2. cap 12. §. Secundo. Docet diltus Thomas pendere alia dominia, a dominia Pontificis sicut corpus ab anima quod recipit ab illa esse, virtutem et omnem operationem. Boz. lib. 1. ca 2. pa. 32.  of him, as the light of the stars depends of the Sun, or as the body depends of the soul, which receives being, virtue, and all operation from it: and out of Saucius he affirms it to be, Adiussum (
g Sanc. lib. de orig. ac differ. principatus, apud Carrer. lib. 2. ca 9 §. Sequitur. ) princip●…tus Papalis nobilem, revocabilem, corrigilem, et punibilem, the Kingly and Imperial authority to be at the Pope's pleasure and command, movable, revocable, corrigible, & punishable: they further to this purpose teach, that Kings & Emperors are but the Popes (
h Cum Imperator sit papae minist. Car. li. 2. ca 18. §. Ec dum. ) Ministers, the Pope's 
i Dicimus quod papa temporale judicium imperatori committit, ab eoque illud recognoscere debet. Car. l. 2. ca 16. §. Dicimus.  Commissioners, or Deputies; yea, the Pope's men 
k Rex venit ante fores, iurans ●…riu. urbis honores, post homo fit Papae, sunt quo dante coronam. sic de Imperatere scribi mandavit Innocentius 2 Car. Sigon. lib. 11. de regn. Ital. an. 1 133.  or vassals, swearing fealty to him, as the Pope 
l Authoritate Apostolica declaramus, illa iuramenta praedicta fidelitatis existere et censer●… deberi. ait. Clemens. 5. lib. 2. Clement. tit. 9 ca Romanis.  himself hath defined, receiving 
m Antiqua scilicet monumenta prodiderunt regaa occidentalia velut genitorem authoremque suum recognovisse regnum ecclesiae, ab eoque confirmationem accipere, propte●…ea quod ab Ecclesia regibus illis fuissent à principio donata. Sieu. lib. 1. de Dona●…i. Const. cont. Laurent. val. fol. 211.  Crowns, and holding their kingdoms from him, and by his donation and being, to use their Temporal sword and Authority, Ad nutum Pontificis, at the Pope's pleasure and sufferance, as not only Bozius, 
l Caeteri doctores Canonistae idem docent, asserentes utrumque gladium esse penes Pontificem, sed unum immediate per ipsum exercendum, alterum in quibusdam casibus, aut certe ad nutum pontificis per alios. Boz. lib. ●…. ca 2. pa. 31.  but Pope 
m Vterque ergo est in potestate Ecclesiae, spiritualis scilicet gladius et materialis. Ille sacerdotis, is manu regum et mi litum, sed ad nutum et patientiam sacerd●…tis. Bon. 8. ca unam sanctam. Extr. de maior. & obedient.  Boniface the eight, before him affirmeth. In a word, that other powers and Authorities 
n Car. l. 2. ca 7. § Haec.  à prima summi pontificis regiâ potestate pendent, do depend of that first Kingly Authority of the Popes.  
But tell us I pray you: Is the Pope Lord only over the persons, or is he not Lord also of the goods and posessions in the whole world? Yes, the Pope he is Lord of al. As the Dominion of the whole world was in Christ, Ita & in Papa idem esse fatendnm est, so must it be confessed, that the same Dominion is in the Pope (saith Carerius.) 
o Lib. 2. ca 5. § Praeterea.  And again, seeing 
p Idem. ca 21. § Respondebite.  the earth is the Lords, & all that is therein, Et per consequens Papae sui vica●…ij, by consequent also this belongs unto the Popes, who is God's Vicar; and so the earth is the Popes, and all that is therein. The same teacheth Bozius, 
q Boz. lib: 1. ca 2. pag. 31.  seeing in Christ, according to his human nature, by the Doctrine of Saint Thomas, there was an absolute power of all things, Erit itaque Pontifex omnium regionum iure & potestate Dominus, seu mavis dicere totius orbis, therefore the Pope shall be the Lord both in right and in power of all Countries, or if ye will rather say so, of the whole world.  
Whereupon it followeth, that neither Constantine, 
r Constantinus de suo nihil dedit, sed donando reddidit. Carerius lib. 2. ca 21. § Respondebite, & illa donatio redditio censetur ibid.  nor any other did, neither can any man possible give aught unto the Pope, for all is his own already, but they may restore unto him, what they unjustly do withhold, and so did Constantine 
s Constantinus potius restituit, quod imuste detinebat. Car. l. 2. ca 16 Falsumque 7. & Principatum mundi quem habebat Constantinus, licet antea non haberet Siluester de sacto, de iure debitus erat Boz. lib. 1. ca 2. pa. 31.  the great.  
From this Sovereignty of Dominion, and as the Triumpher truly calls 
t Pontifex suam potentiam vindicavit ab omni limit. Brev. Narrat. de vict. Clem. 8. & Authoritas aut potestas pontificia non limitatur aut circumscribitur ullis terminis, sed patet quacunque tellus & aequor, sese attollit supra firmamentum, in caelos usque & discendis in abyssum, claudit patentes hiatus Erebi. ibid.  it, unlimited power, for so it is indeed, by his description thereof, as extending itself above the heavens, and as low again as is hell: from hence, I say, proceeds that absolute and uncontrollable Authority, which he claimeth, to give, to take away, not only smaller quillets, but as the Pope 
u Gregor. 7. In Execratione contra Henr. cuius exemplar citatur a Platina in vita Greg. 7 ut omnes intelligant in terra, Imperia, regna, principatus, & quicquid habere mortales possunt, auferre & dare nos posse.  himself expressly affirms, empires and Kingdoms, Et quicquid habere mortales possunt, and whatsoever mortal men can possess or have; yea, take kingdoms away from some, Quamuis nihil omnino demereantur, as saith Carerius, 
x Car. lib. 2. ca 19 § Denique.  though they commit no fault at all, and give them to those who have no right unto them. So did Pope Gregory the tenth, with the Empire of the East, Abstulit 
y Car. ibidem.  Baluino vero domino, & dedit Michaeli, qui nihil juris habebat; he took it from Balwin the second, who was the true owner thereof, and gave it to Michael Pal●…ologus, who had no right at all unto it.  
But tell us further by what right and Title hath the Pope so large and fair a Patrimony, as is the Monarchy and Sovereignty over the whole world, and in all both civil & Ecclesiastical causes? He hath it (say they) 
a Summus pontifex iure divino habet plenissimam potestatemin universum orbem terrarum tum in rebus ecclesiasticis, tum in politicis. Car lib. 2 ca 9 § Tertia &, Divino revelato, & naturali iure, His potissimum titulis convenire ecclesiae, Monarchiam ostendemus. Boz. lib. 1. ca 2. pa. 38.  even jure divino, by the very Law of God.  
ay, but perhaps this is but your private opinion only, no sentenced & decreed Doctrine among you. Yes (saith Carerius 
b Probatur commmuni maximorum Theologorum authoritate. Car. tit. ca 9 Ex his apparet hanc esse communem Theologorum sententiam. ib. §. Extis. ) it is the common judgement of our Divines, yea, of our greatest divines, whereof he there expressly nameth 26. It is further the common judgement of the Canonists, 
c Probatur communi Canonistarum testimonio, qui sic adhaeserunt huic decreto, ut infinitum sit illos enumerare. Carer. lib. 2. ca 10. tit. ca 10. & Doctores, & Boz. l. 1. ca 3. pa. 31.  some of them boldly avouching 
d Hinc factum est ut audacter dixerit Banelus, maturi vir iudicinj, opinionem contrariam esse haereticam. Car. lib. 2. cap. 10. §. Doctores.  the contrary opinion to be heretical. More than so, it is 
e jurisperitorum princeps Bartolus dicit esse sententiam S. Matris Ecclesiae. Boz. lib. 1. cap. 2. pa. 31.  (saith Bartolus) the sentence or judgement of their holy Mother the Church. And lastly, which is all in all, it is approved by the Decrees and determinations of the Popes 
f Es●… plurium Patrum, Theologorum, Canonistrarum & Pontificum sententia, Boz. lib. 3. cap. 6. pa. 4●…6.  themselves, by name, of Innocentius 
g Innocentius ca licet de foro competenti, express ●…ult, vice christi successisse in regm & sacerdotio Petrun & eius successores. Boz. lib. 1. cap. 2. pa. 30.  the third, cap. 
h Ex quibus colligite, Primo in summo Pontifice apicem utriusque potestatis reperiri. Sec. Papam in toto orb Christiano habere temporale dominium. Carl. lib. 2. cap. 11. § ut.  per venerabilem, and cap. 
i Ex iis veritas dicti cap. So litae intacta manet, Imperialem scilicet potestatem, à pontificali potestate, sicut lumen lunae à lumine Solis, quoad temporalium administrationem proficisci. Car. lib. 2. cap. 12. § Respondetur.  Solitae, de Maioritate & obedientia: to whom may be added Innocentius the fourth, who 
k Inno. 4. come. in cap. Ego N. Extra. de jure iurando.  thus defines the Popedom, Papatus est principatus tam in temporalibus quam in spiritualibus. The Popedom (saith he) is a Prince-hood or Sovereignty, as well in temporal, as in spiritual matters. Boniface the eight, who 
l Paral. Abb. urspec, in an. 1294.  in token of his right to both the swords, at the solemnity of the jubilee, by him first instituted, Solenniter ostentavit, with great pomp and ostentation, showed himself the first day in his Pontificalibus, like a Pope, and the next day in his Imperial Robes like a temporal Monarch, and causing a naked sword to be carried before him, proclaimed unto all, Ecce duo gladij hic: behold the two swords are here: who further made 
m Hic Papa constitutionem fecerat in qua se Dominum spiritualem & temporalem in universo mundo asserebat. Mart. Polo. Chron. in An. 1301. &, in tantam arrogantiam erexit seipsum, ut Dominum totius mundi se diceret, tam in temporalibus, quam in spiritualibus, Wern. in fasc. temp. an. 1294.  a Decree or constitution wherein he affirmed, that the Pope is Dominus in spiritualibus & temporalibus in universo mundo, the Lord both in spiritual and temporal causes, and that in the whole world, judging it heretical, as saith Martinus, to speak; nay, Sentire contrarium, to think the contrary, & that he might subject all others to this Soucraignty, definitively determining 
n Porro subesse Romano pontifici, omni humanae creaturae, declaramus, dicimus, definimus & pronunciamus esse de necessitate salutis. Bon. 8. cap unam sanctam. extra. de ●…aior. & obed.  it as a needful thing to salvation for every humane creature to be subject to the Pope: john the 22. who expressly also affirmeth 
o john 22. cap. Si sratrum, Extra. Nesede vacant.  that to the Pope, Terreni simul & caelestis Imperij iura Deus ipse commisit, God himself hath given the right both of the earthly & of the heavenly kingdom, that is, both the Temporal and Ecclesiastical Monarchy. And to omit other particulars, lastly, may be added the general consent of all later Popes, who 
p Sacrar. Ceren. san. Rom. eccles lib. 1. sect. 7, pa: 85.  yearly on the night of Christ's Nativity, bestows an hallowed sword of some great Prince, whom it pleaseth him, the Mystery of which gift, as the Pope himself explains it, is to betoken thereby, Potestatem summam temporalem à Christi pontifici collatum, that the supreme Temporal power is given to the Pope by Christ, according to those scriptures (which most blasphemously the Popes apply to themselves) all power is given to me in heaven, and in earth. And again, he shall rule from the one Sea to the other, and from the flood unto the world's end.  
Thus teach Carerius, Bozius; together with their Popes and Popish Confederates, whose very words, in so important a cause, I have now more at large, and expressly alleged.  
You do now evidently perceive, that these men who thought it a most ridiculous matter, for Kings to hold their Crowns immediately from God, do teach and define it to be a matter of Religion, of Piety, of Conscience; yea, of salvation, to hold the same immediately from the Beast, that is in truth, from the very Devil; for of the Beast, (the Apostle saith) Apocalypse 13, 1. that the Dragon, which is the Devil, gave the Beast his power, and his Throne, and his great Authority.  
These are the fruits of Popish Religion, and this the very HELENA for which they so earnestly fight and contend. Of which Positions, (though I might justly say as did Saint HIEROME 
q Hier. epist. ad Ctesiph. adver. Pelag. to. 2, pa. 260.  in another cause, Sententias vestras prodidisse, superesse▪ est, patet prima fionte blasphemia. To have recited your assertions, is enough to refute them, they are stamped with Blasphemy in the very forehead; yet as you have willingly heard the just defence of Regal Sovereignty, so suffer me to speak somewhat also at this time against him, who shows himself in his colours, to be Hostem humani generis, the enemy not of one or two Kingdoms, or some people and sort of men, but the enemy of all mankind: who most violently intrudes himself into the rights and regalities of all Kings, Christian and Heathen, and like a wild Boar invades the lands, goods, and possessions of all men in the world; yea, most sacrilegiously challengeth unto himself that which is the peculiar prerogative (and as I may say▪) one of the Royalties of God, Domini est terra, The Earth is the Lords, and all that is therein. Psal. 24, 1.  
I shall not need to prove that this priestly Monarchy was not known in the time of the old Testament: of which not only Aquina: 
r In veteri testamento regnum praeeminebat sacerdotio, Ideoibi regnum, hic sacerdotium in substan tivo ponuntur, eo quod ibi ex reg no, hic ex sacerdotio quasi subsista: religio Aqui. come. in 1. Pet 1.  and Stapleton, 
s Stap. doct. princ. lib. 5, ca, 22.  but Carerius himself expressly confesseth, 
l In▪ veteri Testamento Rex super sacordotes potestatem habebat, cosque pro crimine occidere, multo magis officijs et dignitatibus spiritualibus eos private poterat. Carer. l. 2. ca 18▪ Respondeo.  that the King had then power over the Priests, and might for their offences, not only have deprived them of their spiritual offices, but have killed them also: that in the time of the old Testament 
m Hinc in lege veteri Regnum erat substantiwm▪ et lacerdotium adiectiwm. Car. l. 2. ca 1. §. Hinc.  the Kingdom was the Substantive or superior, & the Priesthood was then but an adjective, as depending in good congruity upon the other, though the Pope since hath altered that most congraeous Grammar rule, that seeing in the Old Testament the promises were only temporal, but in the New are eternal, Mirum 
n Car. l. 2. ca 18. §. Secundo.  minime videri debet, si in veteri testamento sum ma potestas fuerit Temporalis: It must not seem strange as he saith, that the temporal power in the time of the Old Testament, was the Supreme. So then, though they pretend 
o Ecclefiasticam potestatem, naturali iure esse omnino super saecularem, etc. Boz. lib. 1. pa. 7. et cap. 2. pag. 38.  for this Sovereignty the Law of Nature, yet by this express confession, and clear words of Aquinas and Carerius, it is evident, that this priestly Monarchy was not heard of, for the first 
p Ad passionem Christi vigebat. Lex. passio incidit in an. mundi 3996. Funct.  four thousand years almost of the world.  
In the New Testament what in duty ought first to be performed by the Apostles and their successors, let the holy Apostle, or the Spirit of God by his mouth speak▪ and determine. Let every soul (saith 
q Rom. 13. 1.  he) be subject to the higher powers: which himself in that place expounds to be those seculare Kings and Princes, who bear 
r Ib. V. 4. 6, 7. Ter repetit principes saeculares quibus tribuca redduntur esse ministros dei. Bell. lib. de laic.: ca 3. §. Praeterea. Vt absurd detorqueathaec verba, ad praesules Ecclesiasticos lib. 2. de pont. Rom. ca 29. §. Respon▪ deo tam.  the Sword, and to whom tribute is due. Now this precept was directed and given to the whole 
s Omnibus qui Romaesunt, delectis dei. Rome 1, 7.  Church of Rome, even at that time also when Saint Peter by their Doctrine 
t Bell l▪ 2. de pont. Ro. ca.▪ 2 & 5.  was Bishop of Rome: and therefore the spirit of GOD commanding every Soul (particularly in that Church) to be subject to the secular powers and Princes, without all doubt enjoins obedience and subjection, even to S. Peter himself, and to all his successors; yea, much rather unto them, who were to be Ensamples 
u 1 Tim. 4. 12  to the rest, both in word and in conversation.  
A truth so clear, that Claudius Espenseus, 
x Comment. in ca 3. Epist. ad Tit. dig●… 10  one of their own and a learned Bishop, not only confesseth thus much, but confirms it further out of Theodoret, Theophilact, Oecumenius, and others; specially out of Saint chrysostom, who expressly 
y Chrys. in cap 13. add▪ Rom.  mentions the Apostles themselves, to be included in that precept. Etiam si Apostolus sis, though you be an Apostle, though an Evangelist, though a Prophet, (and which I think will reach to the Pope) Etiam si quivis alius fueris, or what else soever you be, every Soul must be subject to those higher and secular powers.  
Or if any notwithstanding this evidence of truth and such a Cloud of witnesses, will yet exempt either the Pope, or any other from this duty, it may most justly be replied unto him, with the words of Saint Barnard, in his 42. Epist. Si omnis anima, et vestra: If every Soul be subject, then must yours, Who hath exempted you from this universality? Si quis tentat excipere, conatur decipere. If any go about to exempt you, he goeth about to deceive & tempt you. And again, do ye despice seculare powers? Seculiarior nemo Pilato, none was more secular than Pilot, before whom Christ himself stood to be judged, and of whom he confessed: Potestatem super sefuisse caelitus ordinatam: That Pilate had power over him, and that given from God.  
What in duty then ought to be done for the whole time of the New Testament, by this example of Christ, and precept of God's Spirit, is most evident. And as subjection is commanded by God, so was it practised and performed by the Apostles, by the primitive Bishops; yea, even by the Popes themselves, for many hundreds of years together.  
For the first three hundredth years after Christ, while Kings and Emperors were Pagans and Persecutors of the Church, it is confessed both by Bellarmine 
z Quo tempore principes erant Ethnici, non erat Pontifex judex illorum, sed è contrario illis subiectus erat in omnibus civilibus causis non minus quam caeteri homines. Bel lib. 2. de pontiff. Rom. cap 29. §. Respondeo, primo.  and Carerius, 
a Carer. eadem verba habet quae Bell. lib 2 ca 23, §. Respondetur.  that for all that time, the Apostles and Bishops of Rome were subject tun Emperors, as all other Christians were: and this subjection was 
b Bel. ibid. §. Quod Carer▪ loc. citat.  both De iure, & de facto, both indeed performed, and in right to be performed.  
What? And shall we think (which they without all shame would persuade) that their conversion to the faith, was the overthrow and aeversion of their temporal dominions? And that the gain of Christ, was the loss of all their Crowns and Kingdoms? Nor only so, but that of Sovereigns they became subjects even, to those, who before while they were Pagans, were de iure & facto, subject unto them?  
I will not say what an effectual dissuasion this might have been unto them, and others also, never to have embraced the Faith: What a motive it may yet be to turn Heathen and Pagans again. I will not enforce that true Maxim, approved both (
d Bell. et Car. loc. citat  by Bellarmine and Carerius: Lex Christiana neminem suo iure et dominio private: Christianity 
ᶜ At vero cum principes facti lunt Christiani, continuose tamquam oves pastori, et membia capiti, eccle siasticae hierachiae Praesidi (i. Papae) subiecerunt, et proinde ad illo judicari, non illum deinceps judicare debent. Bell. et Carer locis citatis  deprives no man of his right, nor of his dominion: as is confessed in that Hymn of Se●…lius, Non cripit mortalia, qui regna dat caelestia: O wicked King Herod, why art thou afraid of Christ! He gives an heavenly Kingdom, he takes not away an earthly, he 
e Christus non venit destruere ea quae bene se habebant, sed perficere: ergo quando Rex fit Christianus, non perdit regnum terrenum, sed acquirit nowm ius ad regnum aeternum, Alioqui obesset regibus Christi beneficium, et gratia naturam destraeret. Bel●…, l, 5, de pont. Rom. ca 3. §, jann.  perfects us in that want, he deprives us not of that we had.  
Consider of many but some few examples, & those even of the Popes themselves, who have testified and recorded their subjection to Christian Emperors. With what lowliness and humility did Pope Leo the first, four 
f Leo caepit. an. 443, prosp.  hundredth and odd years after Christ, sue 
g Leo cpist. 9 et 24.  unto the Emperor Theodosius the younger, that he would call a general counsel in Italy, and yet prevailed not. How submissively did he again entreat the like of Marcianus the Emperor? I 
ʰ Leo Epist▪ 43  beseech our Lord jesus: Qui regni vestri est author & rector: Who is the Author and Ruler of your kingdom, that ye would not suffer the ancient Faith: Quasi dubiam retractari: To be called into doubt and question again, Illudque potius iubeatis, and that ye would rather command the decrees of the Nicene Counsel to be kept. How religiously doth he profess his subjection and obedience to the same Emperor? I have willingly (saith the Pope) 
i Leo Epist. 59  added my consent or sentence: Quia omnibus modis obediendum est pietati vestrae religiosissimaeque voluntati: Because by all means we must obey your sacred and religious will.  
Pope Gregory the great is even admirable in this point. Who am I that speak to my Lord, but Dust and Ashes? said he 
k Greg. lib. 2. Epist. ca.▪ 100  to the Emperor Mauritius. It 
l Greg. l. 4. Epist. ca 78.  well beseems a religious Prince Vt ista sacerdotibus praeciperet, to command Bishops in such matters: And that particular was an Ecclesiastical cause also, betwixt Pope Gregory himself, and john Bishop of Constantinople, in which the Pope confesseth, that it well beseemed a Christian Prince to command, not only other Bishops, but even the Bishop of Rome himself. And as it was fit for the Emperor to command, so the same Pope judged it his duty, and fit for him to obey. Vobis 
m Greg. l. 4. Epist. ca.▪ 76.  obedientiam praebere desidero, I am desirous to yield obedience unto you, I am 
n Ego iussioni subiectus lib. 2 ca, 100  subject to your command. Ego 
o Lib. 4, Epist, ca 76. Imperatori obedientiam praebin▪ lib. ●…, ca 100  dominorum iussionibus obedientiam praebens: I am obedient to the commands of my Lord, and of the Emperor. How often and usually doth he give the Emperor those Titles which are witnesses of his loyalty and subjection unto him, My Lord, my gracious Lord, my sacred Lord, and the like? And such were Pope's six hundredth years after Christ, at which time 
p Greg prim us obijt an. 604. Palm. in supplem, Eu●…eb.  this Pope Gregory lived.  
To these I will adjoin but one more, Leo the fourth, who lived 
q Leo 4. caepit an. 847, Palm.  above eight hundredth years after Christ. Whose loyal subjection to two Emperors, Lotharius and Lewes his Son, their own Canon Law hath for ever recorded. First, to the Father 
r De capitulis et praeceptis▪ in periabbus i●…refragabiliter custodiendis, quanto valuimus, et valemus, nunc et in aewm nos conseruatuios modis omnibus profitemur. Leo 4. Lothar. August. Distinct 10. ca d●… capitulie.  Lotharius, this Pope most solemnly promised, that as much as in him lay, he would for ever & every way be obedient to his, and his predecessors Imperial precepts. Afterwards, when complaint was made to Lewes the son, of some disorders in the Pope's government, this Leo the fourth writ unto 
s cau. 2, q. 7. cae●… Nos si incompetenter.  him in this manner. If we have done aught amiss towards those that are under us: Vestro admissorum nostrorum cuncta volumus emendare judicio, We will amend all our faults, not by your advice or admonition, but Vestro judicio, by your judgement: beseeching the clemency of your highness, to send such as may narrowly sift all things, and that not only these, but all matters, Sive minora, sive etiam maiora, both greater and smaller, that all may be judged and ended 
t Sint de nobis iudicata negotia.  by them. Thus were Popes in all matters, greater and smaller, yea even in Ecclesiastical causes, as by these you do perceive, how much more in civil, subject to the Emperors, as to their Lords, to their judges, to their Sovereigns, almost for nine 
u Leo 4. obij●… an. 853 Palm▪ in supp. Euf.  hundredth years after Christ.  
As yet was not known, this new found Monarchy and Sovereignty over all Kings and Kingdoms; as yet had never been seen his authority in deposing Kings, and disposing their Kingdoms and Empires. Nor long after this, until about two hundredth years after Leo the fourth, Pope Hildebrand, the very firebrand of Christendom (though they have Sainted him in their Calendare) first of all took upon him to put in practice that transcendent, and most extravagant authority, deposing the Emperor 
x Henricum regem imperatori●… administratio ne regiaque deijci, & Christianos omnes imperio subiectosiuramento illo absoluo, quo fidem ve▪ ris regibus pr●… stare consueverunt. Form. Abrog. Pontif. apud Plat. in vita. Greg. 7. et Henrico regiampotestatem adimo▪ interdicoque Christianis omnibus, ne Henrico ulla in re obtemperent, Rodulphum in regem suscipian●… Execc. Greg, 7. apud Plat. saxons rebellant instinctu Hildebrandi papa. Imperatorem abiurant, Rodulphum regem statuunt corona et à Papa missa, cui erat inscriptum, Petrae dedit▪ Petro, Petrus deadem▪ Rodulpho. Sigebert in an. 1077.  Henry the 4. and giving his Empire to Duke Rodulph: Of which act of his, Otho Frisingensis, a worthy Historian near to those times, thus writeth. 
y Oth. Fris. Chron. lib▪ 6. ca.▪ 35.  Lego et relego: I read, and read over again the acts of the Roman Kings and Emperors, and I no where find any of them to have been excommunicated or deprived of his kingdom by the Pope, before this Henry.  
This was the first 
a Hactenus sanctissimi patres quemadmodum Christus et legatieius fecerunt et alios docutrunt, Caesaresin terris à Deo sec●…ndos, anteom nes mortales, pri mos. i supremo numine dat●…s, divinitus constitutos renerabantur, Hildebrandus utramque personam sibi impositam à Christo, omnem potestatem in se transfer: Caesares, reges, Augustos, et precario regnantes flocci sacere▪ etc. Avent. Annal. li. 5. p. 446. 447  time, and that was more than a thousand years after Christ, when the Pope's Bulls began to push at Kings and Kingdoms. But with such unhappy success both to the giver and receiver, as might justly have afraid all others, either to give or take the like again.  
Hildebrand the unjust Donor of the Empire, by a general 
b Hildebrandum papam unanimiter abdicarunt. Abb. Vesperg. in an. 1083 et Sigeb. in an. 1084. Hildebrandus tanquam lupus fur ac latro relat●… persidus transfuga, o●…ium desertor, gregi●… proditor, charitatis os●…r▪ ommum consens●… abdicatur, Auent. an▪ lib. 5. pa. 462.  consent, being put from the Popedom, died in 
c Sige. et Abb. ves. in an. 1085.  banishment at Sal●… in Normandy: and at his death (as Sigebert relateth) confessed to God and the whole Church, that he had grievously offended in his pastoral Office, Et suadente diabolo, contra human●…m genus, odium et iram con●…▪ asset: and that by the persuasion of the devil, he had stirred up strife and hatred against mankind: and withal sent his confessor to the Church & to the Emperor, ut optaret ei iudulge●…iā, to ask forgiveness in his behalf. This was the end of the Pope Hildebrand: In quem clamat sanguis Ecclesiae, against whom (saith Cardinal Benno) the blood of the church crieth unto God for vengeance.  
Rodulph the unjust receiver of the Empire, some three years after▪ he had got the same, in a battle against the deposed Emperor, had his right hand cut off, & at his death gave a memorable warning, reported in Abbas 
e Abb. ves. in an. 1080.  Vespergensis, to all violators of their oaths and alleigiance, and to all usurpers of Kingdoms, upon any such Title, for being in Extremts at the point of death, looking upon the stump of his maimed arm, and fetching a deep sigh, This (quoth he) is the hand wherewith I swore alleigiance to my Lord the Emperor Henry, and behold I now leave both his kingdom, and with it my own life.  
Thus you see how Satan, who as the Apostle foretold, Apoc. 20. 2. was chained & bound for a thousand years, as soon as he got loose, at the end 
f H●… mill amisi inchoentur a morte Christi i ab an. 35. ut sine dubio inchoandos esse ait Ribera (come. in Apoc. ●…0. v. ●…. incidunt direct in tempora Hildebrands, ac fere in ipsius pontificatum: quem ingressus est an. 1074. Palm in sup. Euseb.  of those years, began shortly after in Pope Hildebrand to bestir himself, and prepare a way: for this papal Monarchy. And indeed he only made way unto it, laying as it were the foundation thereof, though I confess he laid that low enough, even as low as is the pit of Hell. But for the stately building 
d Ben. apud Abbvesp. in an 1077  of his Monarchy, it was not erected divers hundereths of years after Hildebrand. In the days▪ of Pope Eugenu●…s the third, almost an 
g Circa an. 1150. Palm.  hundredth years after Hildebrand, when some were exceeding busy in this building, Saint Barnard with great courage and constancy opposed himself unto them, and oppugned this papal Monarchy. Disce sarculo tibi opus esse non sceptro, said he to 
h Barn. lib. 2. de consid▪ add Euge.  Pope Eugenius. A shepherds staff is fit for you, not a kings Sceptre▪ S. Peter could not give you Dominion or Sovereignty, he had it not, Quod habuit hoc dedit, That which he had he gave you, solicitude and care over the Church, not Dominion. Nay, this is the very form and order of the Apostle, Dominatio interdicitur, indicitur 
i Bar. l 3: de c●…sid. ad Eug.  ministratio, Domination and Sovereignty is forbidden, ministration and service is enjoined. And again, Dispensation is committed unto you, not the possession of the world: Si pergis usurpare & hanc, contradicit tibi, qui dicit▪ Meus est orbis. If you go forward to usurp or claim this dominion of the world, God himself will control you, The earth is mine, and all that is therein. Thus and much more to this end, writ Saint Barnard in those days, above eleven hundredth years after Christ.  
In the days of Lewes the 4. Duke of Bauare the Emperor, who lived almost three 
k Obijt Lud. u 4 an. 1346. Palm  hundred years after Hildebrand, it was adjudged high Treason by the Imperial Laws, as before I declared, and little less in this our Kingdom, in the days of King Richard the second, either to affirm, or to assent to others, affirming either of these imperial kingdoms to be held of 
l Quia nonnulli in assertiones detest●…biles prorumpant, asserentes failaciter Imperialem potestatem esse à Papa, Coast. Lu. ●…u. 4. apud Balb. Episc. Gurc. lib. de coron. ad Carol. 5. pa. 39 Contra nos, et Imperialem authoritatem dignitatem, potestatem, et ius Imperij allegatur, quod potestas et authoritas imperialis est à papa. Decr Lud. 4. apud Naucl. in ann. 1338.  the Pope, which were then declared to be immediately held of God, and of none other, which part of those imperial Laws being in truth most sacred and divine, when, by whom, & by what i●…st authority it was ever repealed or anulled, will be very hard, I suppose, to declare: and this was about fourteen 
m Rich. 2. regnare desijt ann. 1399. Stow.  hundredth years after Christ. Let me now descend but one step lower, even to our own times, and to these days, wherein though the workmen and master builders of Babylon, incessantly labour night and day to raze this Papal Monarchy like the Tower 
n Gen. 11. 7.  of Babylon, that the top thereof may reach unto Heaven, yet to this day is it not erected: God by his unsearchable wisdom and goodness, so infatuates and confounds the builders thereof, as he did 
o Ib. r. 7. 9  of old▪ that what some of them by their craft and great cunning erect and set up, others of their own sect, with might and main do pull down the same: divers 
p Citati a●… ud Bell. lib. 5. de p●…utif. R●…m. ca 1. §. Tertia. & by Gear. Blackwell in his large Examine. an. 1607.  of their chief men, among whom is Cardinal Bellarmine, with many evident demonstrations confirming, that 
q Bellar. lib. 5. de pont. Ro. ca 2 Pas am non esse dominum totius mundi.  the Pope is neither the Lord of the whole world, neither so much as Lord of the Christian world; yea further, 
s Bell. ibid. ca 4. & Pontificem ut pontifice●… non habere direct et immeditate ullam temporalem potestatem ibid. ca §. Tertia.  direct or iure divino non habere ullam temporalem jurisdictionem, that directly, or by the Law of God, the Pope hath no temporal jurisdiction of any place in the world. So that notwithstanding the common judgement of their greatest Divines: the consent of their Canonists; the sentence of their holy Mother the Church; the decrees and determinations of the Popes, in which Bozius and Carerius triumph, as if the field were won: notwithstanding, all this I say, even to this day as you see, that is, more than sixteen hundredth years after Christ, 
ʳ Papam non esse Dominum totius orbis Christiani. Bell, ib. cap. 3.  this Papal Monarchy is not erected.  
Did I say, it is not erected? I say more, This Tower of Babylon neither can, nor ever shallbe erected. Not so much because by gods▪ just judgement, the tongues and trowels of those builders are most strangely confounded, but because they build it in pride to 
t Gen. 11, 4.  get themselves a name, & that they may say as did old Babylon in the Prophet, 
u I say 47, 7, 8. Apoc. 18. 7.  I sit as a Queen, I shallbe a Lady for ever, I am & none else; now this is God's honour and decree, Isa. 23. 9 to slain the pride of all glory, and bring to contempt all them that be glorious in the earth: And chiefly because they built it, as we have now declared, against the will and the eternal word of God, whose truth shall stand firm for ever: nay, which is worst of all, they build it even in contempt and despite of the Lord, who hath said, Apoc. 18. 2. Babylon shall fall, yea, for 
x Praeterito uti tur profuturo ut certissimum esse sciamus quod dicit. Riber. in ca 14. Apoc. pa. 373.  certainty thereof, Babylon is fallen: & therefore howsoever for ruinating thereof, the means in man's eye be most weak and unlikely; howsoever again for upholding and erecting thereof, all crafts, devices, and means be used, which in man's judgement are most strong and unconquerable, yet shall Babylon fall, because true is the God who hath said it, and 
y Apoc. 18. 8.  strong is the Lord of hosts who will effect it: and there is no wisdom, nor understanding, nor counsel against the Lord. Pro. 21. 30. My conclusion of this whole point, is that, which if the time had permitted, I purposed more at large to have handled. Though these men strive, and like a Cadmean or▪ Midianitish 
z judg. 7. 22.  generation, fight among themselves, and sheathe their sword in their own fellows bowels, quarreling about the nicety of that our poor distinction, direct and Indirecte, whereof, whether soever be said, to us, and for the truth it skilleth not: yet seeing they all 
a Carer. et quos ille citat. l. 2, ca 9 Bellar. et quos ille citat. lib. 5 de pont. Rom. co. 1. et ca 6▪ 7. 8.  jointly profess, & resolutely defend such a sovereignty in the Pope, as that his judgement, and his command, must be the last and most certain rule, both of faith, and of all obedience: As there can be no true: faith in them▪ seeing they rely on so fallible and sandy a foundation, as is the judgement of man; yea, of one man, and him even the man of Sin: So cannot that possibly be true loyalty, nor sincere obedience, which ever attending to an-higher command▪ includes in it, as in a Trojan. Horse▪ that condition of (
b Petatur interpretatio Bullae pij. 5 contra Eliz. ut obliget Catholico, nullo modo rebus sic stantibus, sed tum demum quando publica eiusdem Bulla exe cutio fieri poterit. Ha●… pradictas gra tias concepit sumus Pontisex patri Rob. Parsonio, & Edmundo Campiano, in Angliam profecturis, die. 14. April prasente patre Oliverio Manario assistente, Facult. comc. Parso. & Camp.  Rebus sie stantibus; durant beneplacito, or the like, which must ever stand or fall at the Pope's beck and pleasure; and out of which if (
c Si principes conentur averter●… populum a side, omnium consensu, possunt & debent privari suo dominio: & tenentur Christiani non pati super se talem Regem. Quod si Christiani oli●… non deposueru●… Neronem Dioclesia●…m valentem Arrianum & similes; id suerat quia de●…▪ vires temporales Christiavis▪ Bellar. lib 5. de pont. Rom. cap. 7. 6. probatur. & §. Quods  strength▪ and opportunity might serve (as I pray and hope in God that it shall never) or if Rebus sic stantibus, were once changed into Rebus cadentibus; those Romishi Sinon's, can easily and with a ready gin, let out whole Armies and troops of armed men, suddenly to surprise both church & kingdom.  
True Loyalty (which I doubt not but you do perform, and to the constant and continual performance whereof, I earnestly exhort you all this day) is to look at our Sovereign, as at one placed immediately by God, placed in Gods own Throne, placed in the steed of God himself among us: And then to love, honour, and obey him, not for other respects, but for that Love, Religious duty and conscience, which we owe unto God, who placed him in his own throne, and in his own stead to govern us.  
To honour and obey him for fear, is servility and baseness; to obey for gain or profit, is self-love; to obey with that implied condition, is Implicit, Rebellion, and Antichristian; to love and honour him (as we all aught) for his own Piety, Virtue, and goodness, is Christian Charity; but to love and obey him for Gods own cause, who set him in his own Throne, to rule in his own steed, is true and Christian Loyalty, true and most loyal Subjection. And this be spoken of the first particular branch proposed; Namely, from whom the King had or held his kingdom, even immediately from God, who made him King, who set him in his Throne, and in his steed over the people.  
The other particular; Namely, what moved or induced God to place Solomon over his people, which was no desert of theirs, either King or people, but his own favour and free love unto them, I purposely omit, and in that short remainder of the allowed time, intent to speak a little of the last point, and then commend you all to the grace of God.  
She gave the King six score Talents of Gold, and of sweet Odours exceeding much, and precious stones] These great, magnificent, and princely gifts bestowed by this Queen on King Solomon, as the like also from other Princes sent unto him. 1. Kin. 10, 25. was not for any want or necessity at all, for Silver was nothing esteemed in Salomon's days. 1. King. 10. 21. he gave Silver as stones, verse 27. and exceeded all the Kings of the earth in riches, ver. 23. But they were outward & evident testimonies of that reverence & love, & of that loving & honourable respect, which both she and they had to King Solomon.  
The like customs of giving presents, hath been usual from subjects also, thereby to testify, not only their love, as did strangers, but their loyalty also to their Sovereigns. Suetonius 
d In vir. Aug. cap. 57 58.  reports, that the Romans by their Strenae or annual presents, testified their love to Augustus, whom they honoured as Patrem patriae. Of King jehosaphat it is said. 2. Chron. 17, 5. that in token of their love and loyal affections, All judah brought presents to jehosophat. On the contrary, it is said of those wicked men, sons of Belial, and undutiful Subjects of King Saul, the wicked men despised him, and brought him no presents 1. Sam. 10. 27.  
It is not my purpose to speak of this particular unto you, though I might truly compare the willingness and readiness of the subjects of our SALOMON, to those of Constantius Clorus, father unto Constantine the Great. Of whom Eusebius saith, 
e Abiecta omni cunctatione, mature, auro, argento & aliis opum generibus aeraria eius complete laborant. Study quodam & ardore inter se, quo alius alium in largiendo superaret, vehementer contendunt. Euseb. in vit. Const. lib. 1. cap. 10.  that they did strive, and vehemently contend among themselves to fill the emperors Treasury, rejoicing greatly, that now they had that long wished for opportunity, to witness their benevolous hearts and minds unto the Emperor. Whereupon he truly and excellently said, That the love of the people is the richest and safest Treasury of the Prince.  
But for the generality, which is the outward testifying of love and loyalty, In▪ ust needs say thus much, that it is the honour of our Religion, and the honour of so religious a people, and no doubt, it is also the joy and comfort of our Sovereign, to have ●…eeretofore so often seen, and daily, especially on this day, to ●…ehold every where so many, so manifest & public, so solemn & ●…o religious testifications, both of the love and loyalty of his people unto him.  
At his happy Inauguration, whereof this day is but a resemblance and a remembrance unto us, how did not only all the people throughout the land, of all sorts, sexe●…, & degrees, rejoice in that blessing of the Lord, but (as this day also) even our Temples, our houses, our streets, did witness and proclaim that public joy: No otherwise then did the people of Israel, at the Inauguration of their Solomon, 1. Kings. 1, 39▪ 40. All the people ran after him, ●…iping with Pipes, blowing Trumpets, & rejoicing with so great ●… joy, that the earth rang with the sound thereof; and crying with all their might, God save King Solomon.  
The people to testify their love, used to celebrate some festival days in honour of their Emperor. Sometimes Natalem ortus, the day of the Emperor's birth, as the Romans in Suetonius 
f Natalem eius sponte, biduo semper celebrarunt. Suet. in. vit. Aug. cap. 57  of their own ●…ccord, observed two days every year for the birth of Augustus: Sometimes Natalem Imperij, the day of their Inauguration, when they first came to the Empire, as did the people in Aelius 
g Natalem Imperij statuit celebrandum. Sparta. in vit. Adrian.  Spartiatus, in honour of Adrian. their Emperor. Sometimes Natalem salutis, ●…he day of the emperors preservation or deliverance from some great & imminent danger. So did the Romans, when they heard of the safety and recovery of Germanicus, whom they expected to succeed Tiberius; they were so admirably (
h S●…et. in vit. Calig. cap. 6. ) affected with joy thereat, that even in the night time they ra●… with Lamps & Sacrifices to the Capitol, Ac pene reuu●…sae templi fores, and for hast they had almost burst asunder▪ the gates of the Temple, every where with shouts and joyful exclamations, singing and crying, salva Roma, salva patria, saluus est Germanicus, the City, the country, and all is safe in the safety of Germanicus.  
I may truly say, that as we have far greater cause, so have we and the whole people of this land expressed far greater joy, both for the most happy birth, the most happy Inauguration, and those two most strange and most happy deliverances of our most gracious Sovereign. Those festival days observed as a statute▪ in Israel, and even this day, shall witness to the whole world, and to all succeeding Ages, that as no people is more blessed of the Lord, so is none more thankful unto God, none more loving or loyal unto their Sovereign; In whose happiness and safety, we most justly may sing on this, and all our festival days, salva Britanni●…, the Empire of great Britain is safe and happy, nay the Church of God is safe and happy, we and all the people of these kingdoms are safe and happy, in the safety & happiness of KING JAMES. For whose continual safety and felicity, we will pray as did good Nehemiah, 
i Nehe. 2, 3.  God save the King for ever.  
I have now according to my slender ability, handled those four several points, which in the beginning I proposed. The success of all which, I earnestly commend to the grace of God, not doubting but that he, whose word 
k 2. Sam. 1, 21. Isa. 55, 16, 11.  like the Bow and Arrows of jonathan, never returns empty, will grant some 〈◊〉 of his blessings upon them. Howsoever, this shall be my comfort, that God hath first, though very unexpectedly called, and thus far as you see hath now enabled me, on this so joyful & solemn a day, in this so frequent and honourable an assembly, to perform some service unto God, in testifying unto you that truth wherein ye now constantly stand: In offering this day at his Temple, not any 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉, but the sweet smelling sacrifice of many hundredth, ye●… many thousand religious and thankful hearts unto God, in testifying my love and duty to Zion, and to the peace of 〈◊〉: and lastly, in expressing, as ye have all done with me this day, an humble and most loyal affection to our most gracious Sovereign, the anointed of the Lord.  
And now for conclusion of all, let us once again and continually pray, in those few, but most fervent and affectionate words of Nehemiah: God save the King for ever, and let all the people say, Amen.  
Laus Deo, uni, trino, in s●…cula.