HEre begynnies a schort & breve table on thes Chronicles And ye must understand that every leef is markid under with A. on. ij.iij. & iiij. & so forth to viij. all the letters. an what sum ever ye find shortli written in this table. ye shall find oppenli in the same letter. ¶ The ꝓheme. a. ij.iij. The work of the first vi. days Adam the first man. Eva the first woman. Seth son to adam. Delbora sister to Abel. a. iiij. ¶ Abel son to adam. cain and Calmana sister & wife to cain Chaynan. Malabeell jaret Enoch of the line of christ. Matusele Lameth of Cristis line. Tubal the first graver: Jabe fond Pavilions first. Neoma fond weving. a. v. Noe. The ship The rainbow Chaam· Sem. japheth: Noah his sons. a. sex. Arphaxat and his children. Chus and his children. Sale and his sone. Hebar and his children. jacten Nembroth and Suphen the builders of the tour of babylon. a. seven. ¶ How gentlemen began. Saruch of Cristes' line Belus king of babylon: Ninus king of babylon. There of the line of christ. a. viij. HEre begins the second part and continues to brute Abraam and his brother and there progeny. Abraam wives. Melchesadeke king of salem. Symyranus of babulon. Ninus king of babulon. Arrius king of babulon. b. one. Ysaac of the line of christ. and of his wives and his sons of Gomorra and Loth wife jacob of the line of christ and his wives and therprogeny. Xerses king of Babulon. Armavictre after him▪ Belocus king of babulon. Innacus the first king in grece Phoranius king after him judas of the line of christ Beleus king of asseriorum Athalas an astronomyer Sarapys king of greeks Omogires put first oxen to the plough Beleus king of babulon. Pharaoh king of egypt Amythus king of babulon. b. ij. Pharaoh king of egypt Aram of Christ's line job the holy man Moses the judge of israel Aron the bishop Dasrus the king of babulon Cicropos king of athenas Amynadab of Christ's line Moses the first judge Aron the first bishop Pharaoh king of egypt Nason son to aminadab when the law of god wos yeven in the sinay Salmen of Christ's line josue the jug Eleasar bishop Othonyell jug. b. iij. Aoth jug. janas' the first king of ytaly Amictus king of babulon. Boos of the line of christ Sangar jug. Delbora jug Phenyes bishop. Saturnus king of italy. Pycus king of italy. Gedyon jug Boccy bishop Abymalech iugge· Tola jug Boccy bishop Iae● jug. Rannus king of Ytali. b. iiij Latinus king of italy. Tauranus king of babulon Laamydon king of Troy The new sin of israel. Osy bishop Ebessam jug. Abiolon jug Abdon jug Anthanys king of babulon. Agamenon king in grece. Aeneas' king of italy. ulixes an eloquent man b. v. Obeth of Christ's line Samson jug jesse of Christ's line. saul king of israel Ascanius king of itali. Silvius king of itali. Off venies and homere b. vi HEre beginneth the second part and the kingdom of bretan: albion first woman that was in england. b. seven & viij. Brute king of bretan c i. ij.iij. & iiij Lotrin king of bretan c v Madan king of bretan Memprice king of bretan Davit king of israel Ab●athar bishop c. vi. Sala●on king of Jews sadoch bishop Roboas king of ives Achimias bishop jeroboas king of israel Asa king of ives basa king of israel Helathe kine of israel c. seven. Ebrac king of bretan Brute grenesheld lyel kings of bretan josephat king of Jews Ochosias' king of israel Lud ludybras Bl●dud kyngee of breten. Ior●m king of Jews when helias wos ravychd in to paradise Asarias' king of Jews c. viij. joram king of israel Jehen king of israel Athalia king of Jews ioam king of Jews ioathaes king in israell ioam king in israel Leir king of breteyn d. i. & ij. Amasias' king of Jews iereboam king of israel Ozias king of Jews Abdias a prophet Zacharias Phosaia kings of israel. Morgan & Conadag kings of breteyn d. iij Rygnold & Gorbodian kings of breteyn Ferres and Porres kings of britain Scatter & Dawalier & Rudac kings of britain d. iiij. Gloten. Doneband and Belin and Brenne kings of bretan. d. vi Corumbatrus king of bretan joatham king of Jews. Amarias' bishop. Olympyas' war set in grece. Acham king of Jews Ozee king of israel. d ·vij. HEre beginneth the third part and continues to the passion of christ. Rome wos byldid by romulus. Ezechias king of Jews Sadoch bishop. Manasses king of Jews Numa king of rome. Amon and josias the kings of Jews. Azastas' bishop Tobias the holy man Tulyus' king of rome d. viij. Nabegodonosar of babulon: Ancus king of rome Daniel the prophet. joathas and joachim and Sedechias the kings of Jews. iosedech pisshopp Abacuk prophet The transmigration. Priscus tarquinus the king of rome e. i. Nabogod king of babulon. Seruyus' king of rome Regusar king of babulon: Balthasar king of babulon. Darius' king of babulon Cirus emperor of ꝑses Tarquinus suꝑbus king of rome Lucres the wife e. ij. How the romans governing wos changed after the kings. Zorobobell the duke Esdras priest Cambyses king of ꝑces e. iij. Ereneides king of ꝑces Darius' king of ꝑces Abiuth of Christ's line The senators at rome were ordained. Artharxerses and Xerses the kings of parsarum Segdianus of parsarum Eliachym of Christ's line. Edras' an holy man Neomias the butteler Permenides Socrates Donnotritus and hippocras philosophiers. Azor of the line of christ e. iiij Camillus dictor of rome Darius' king of ꝑsi.. Plato a philosophir: Titus dictator of rome Gayus a senator Marcus a senator Arthraxarses' king of ꝑses. Amasus and Darius kings of parses judas bishop Johannes a bishop Aristotilis & Senocrate philophiers. Guentholen. Seisell Kymor Howan Morw t kings of breton e. v. Grondobodian. Artogaill & Hesid xxxiij kings of bretan Lud king of bretan e. vi Sadoch of Christ's line judas bishop Aeneas' bishop Manilius Alexander king Achim of the line of christ. Simon bishop Eleazarus bishop Dolobela emylius marcus Genucius consuls of rome Thelomeus king of egypt Elyud of Christ's line. Omias bishop Simon bishop Semꝓmus. Appius Gu●us. artilius. senateurs of rome Ptholous king of egypt. Ptholous king of egypt Haneball king of penorum. Lucateus. Semꝓ●us Fulmus Capio consuls at rome e. viij. Epiphanes king of egypt Antiocus king of ●urri Onyae bishop simon biship eleasar of the line of christ Onias' bishop Paulus▪ scipio senators at rome. philometer king of egypt Mathothias an holy man. judas machabeus ionathas his brother Anthiochus king of ●u●ri. f. i. Quitus Marchus & Tiberius were senators at rome. Mathan of Christ's line johannes bishop Publius. Lucius lucius and Lucius senators at rome Ptholomeus king of egypt: Aristobolus king and priest Alexander bishop f. ij· servius. lucius Fabius senators at rome Ptholomeus king of egypt. jacob of the line of christ Alexander wife and bishop. Hircanus' king of ives' virgil the great poet f. iij. Oracius solustius Quintus & Gayus consuls at rome. Pompayus. marcus. & julius were dictators at rome Caton. philosopher Cassibelon king of england Androgen king of england joseph of the line of christ Antigonus bisshopp f. iiij & v. Octovian emperor The housbondis of saint anna Herod ascolonyta Kymbalin king of england. f. vi HEre beginneth the iiij. part continuing to the coming of the saxons. Cristis nativity. Pilate the judge. pilatis nativity ovidius. Naso Tiberius the emperor f. seven & viij. Mathias the apostle judas scarioth. The making of the creed The iiij. evangelestis Petre the first pope Gayus emperor g. i & ij. Gynder king of england Armager king of england. westmer king of england coil king of england Claudius the emperor g. iij & iiij jamies the apostle Nero the emperor Iwenalis' the poet Lucanus the poet James the loss Linus a martyr & pope Galba the emperor Otho emperor vitelyus emperor vaspasianus emperor Cletus a martyr pope Titus emperor Domician emperor Clemens a martyr pope Nerua emperor Traianus emperor g. vi. Anaclitus a martyr pope Plenius orator Evaristus a martyr pope Alexander a martyr pope Sextus a martpr pope Adrianus emperor Eustachius emperor g. seven. Thelesphorus a martyr pope. ignius a martyr pope Antonius emperor Pompaius historiofragus Pius a martyr pope Auicetus a martyr pope Galienus a lech Marcus emperor g. viij. Lucy king of england Asclepades king of england. coil king of england Constans king of england Constantin king of england h. i. & ij. Octavyan king of england Maximian king of england Gracian king of england Constantyne king of england Constance king of england h. iij. iiij.v. and vi. Sother a martyr pope Elentherius a martyr pope Marcius emperor Lucius· comodus war emꝑors Helius emperor victor a martyr pope Zepherius a martyr pope Origines the clerk colistus a martyr pope Antonius emperor Antonius marcus emꝑs Alexander emperor urbanus a martyr pope poncianus a martyr pope Anteros a martyr pope h. seven. Maximianus emperor gordian emperor philip emperor Decius emperor Fabianus a martyr pope cornelius a martyr pope Lucius pope gallus emperor valerian emperor Stephanus a martyr pope Sextus a martyr Dionysius a martyr pope Felix a martyr pope. Claudius' emperor euticianus a martyr pope Aurelius emperor. h. viij. Tacitus emꝓur Probus emperor. Carus emperor Diaclytion emperor. Maximian emperor. gayus pope and martyr. Arcellinus pope and martyr. Marceylus' pope and martyr. eusibius pope and martyr. Melchiades pope and martyr. galerius emperor. i.i. Sylvester pope. Constantyn the emperor saint Nicholas. Athanasius made quicumque vult Marcus pope julius pope Constantinus emprouro Liberius pope. Felix pope julianus emperor joninianus emꝓur i ij valentinan emperor Domasus pope valens emperor. Augustinus rethoricus. syritius pope Theodosius emperor Claudianus poeta Archadius emperor Honorius emperor. i.iij. jerom the doctor sanctus herachides johannes crisostamus. Anastasius pope. innocencius pope. Zozimus pope. Bonefacius pope Celestinus pope Theodosius emperor Sextus pope Leo pope Marcianus emperor i iiij HEre beginneth the v. part & continues to the coming of the daynes vortiger king of england vortimer king of england i v vi seven viij. & k.i. Aurelambros king of england. uter king of england k. ij iij iiij v & vi. Arthur king of england k. seven & viij. & all. l Constantine. Adelbright edel Curan Conan Cortif. Guimond kings of england Sycwith. Elfride Br●cinall Cadewan Edwyne Cadwalyn Oswald Oswy kings of england all. m. Offa Osbright E●le saint edmond Edelfe Eldred kings of england n. i. ij and three Here beginneth the Pope's the emperors & other noble things in the time of the saxons being in england Leo he first pope. Hillarius pope simplicius pope Zeno emperor Felix the third pope Gelasius pope Anastasius emperor Anastasius pope. simachus pope Claudianus king of france. Honorius a pope justinus emperor Pricianus gramaticus johannee pope Feliy pope justinianus emꝓur Bonefacius the second pope. Johannes the second pope n. iiij. Agapitus a confessor silverius pope a mart●r virgilius pope sinodus quarta. Pelagius pope johannes the third justinus the second emꝓur. Tiberius' the second emperor. Benedictus pope Palagius emperor Mauricius emperor n. v. What time saint austin come in to england Focas emperor Gregory the first pope Saninianus pope Bonefacius the third pope▪ Eraclyus emperor Deus dedit pope n. seven. Bonefacius the first pope Machomite the duke of sarisens' Constantine the third emperor Martinus the first emperor Eugenius a pope. vitilianus a pope: Adeodatus pope Constantine the iiij emperor Demus a roman pope. Bonefacius pope Agatho pope n viij. Leo the second pope Benedictus the second pope. justinianus the second pope Johannes the v▪ pope. Zeno pope Sergyus pope Seint beede. o. i. Leo the second pope Liberius emperor Leo the third pope. Johannes the sext pope Johannes the seven▪ pope· justinianus the second emperor Sysynnyus pope. Constantine pope. Philip the second emperor A●astasius the second emperor Gregorius th● second emperor o. ij. Theodosius emperor Leo with Constantinne emperor Gregory the third a pope Constantinus emperor Zacharias a pope Stephanus the second pope oh iij. Paulus a roman pope. Constantine the second pope. Karolus magnus Stephanus the third pope Adrianus pope. Leo the fourth▪ emperor Constantine the emperor Nichohaus the emperor. oh iiij. Karolus magnus the first sent Leo the fourth pope. Lodewyke emperor. Stephanus the fourth pope. paschal pope. Eugenius the iiij pope. o. v. valyntinus pope. Gregory the iiij. pope. Letherius the emperor Sergius the second pope lo the v. pope. Benedictus a roman pope lodewycus emperor johannes a woman pape Nicholaus pope Adrianus pope oh vi. HEre begynnies the sixth ꝑt continuing to the coming of the Normans Alured kind of england Johannes the viij pope Karolus the second emperor Martinus pope Adrianus the third pope stephanus the .v. pope Karolus the third emperor Ernulphus emperor o: seven. & viij Formosus pope Bonefacius the sixth pope stephanus the sext pope Johannes the ix pope Theodosius the second pope. Johannes the x. pope Benedictus the fourth pope Leo the iiij: pope. Cristoforus the first pope Lodewycus the third emperor beringarius & Conradus were emperor's King Edward martyr of england sergyus the third pope Anastasius pope Laudo & Johannes the x. pope's p. i. Henri emperor Adelstone king of england Edmond king of england Eldrede king of england Edwyne king of england Leo the sixth pope· stephanus the xi: pope Martyne the third pope Agapitus pope Johannes the xij. pope p ij. Edgar king of england Beringarius the third emperor Lotherius emperor beringarius the four emperor Leo the viij. pope: johannes the xiij. pope benedictus the sext pope Otto emperor Otto the second emperor saint Edward of england p iij iiij & v. Eldred king of england swine king of england bonus pope bonefacius pope benedictus pope Johannes the xiij. pope Gregorius the v. pope▪ Otto the third Emperor. Silvester the second pope. Johannes the xviij: pope. johannes the nineteen. pope. Henricus the first emperor: Benedictus pope. johannes the xx: pope. Knoght king of Englond. p: seven. Edmond yrenside king of england Knought king of england. Benedictus the ix: pope Conradus the emperor Harold harefote of england Hardeknoght kings of england p viij. q on ij. & iij. Silvester the third pope. Damasus the second pope. King Edward confessor. victor the second pope. Henri the second emperor Stephanus the ix emperor Benedictus pope: Henricus the third emperor. Nicholaus the second pope. Alexandre the second pope. Harrold king of england q iiij v vi seven & viij. HEre begynnis the seven part continuing to our days that is to say to the reign of king Edward the iiij Wyllm conqueror Gregorius the seven: pope. victor the third pope urbanus pope. willm Rous king of england Henri Beauclerke king henri the fourth emperor Gelasius pope. Calixtus pope honorius pope. Locharius emperor. hugo de sancto victori The order of scent iohn baptist Innocencius pope Stephanus king of Englond Celestinus the second pope Lucius pope Eugenius the second pope Petrus lumbardus Petrus commestor Fredericus the first emperor. Anastasius pope: all r. henri the second Adryanus the iiij pope Alexander the third pope Lucius the third pope urbanus the third pope: Gregori the viij: Clemens the third pope Richard the first king of england henricus the v. emperor Celestinus the third emperor. Innocencius the third emperor. willm of paris Franciscus in itali s. i. ij.iij. & four King iohn of england Fredericus the second emperor Honorius the third pope King henri the third of england s. v. vi.vij viij. & all. t Gregorius the ix pope. Celestinus the iiij pope Innocencius the iiij pope Thomas de aquino Albertus magnus. Eustacius Boneaventure Alexander pope. urbanus pope Ricardus emperor Clemens the iiij. pope Gregorius the x pope Innocent the v. pope Adrian after him johannes the xxi pope Nicholaus the third pope Rodulphus emperor Martin the iiij emperor Nicholaus del●●a Honorius the iiij. pope Nicholaus the iiij. pope all u. & x i ij.iij.iiij. & v. Celestinus pope Bonefacius pope Benedictus the xi pope Adulphus emperor Albertus' emperor Clemens pope johannes the xxij. pope▪ Henri the seven. emperor King edward the second x. vi seven viij. & all. y and all z. and &. i.ij. Lodowycus the iiij. emperor. johanes maundevell Benedictus pope King Edward the third Clemens the sext pope Karolus the fourth emperor Innocencius the sixth pope urbanus the v. Gregorius the xi. pope wenselaus emperor urbanus pope Bonefacius the ix. pope & iij▪ iiij. u.vi.vij. & viij and all 9 and all A capital B C. & D. i. ij.iij. & iiij King Richard the second Innocencius the vii Robert emperor johannes the twenty-three. pope Sigmund emperor D. v. vi.vij.viii. and all E capital King Henri the fourth Martin the v. Eugenius pope King henri the fifth Felix the v: pope Albertus' emperor Fredericus the ●hrid emperor Nicholaus the v. pope all F. G. and H. i. two. iii and iiij. King henri the sixth Calixtus the third pope printing of books Pius the second pope Paulus a venicion pope Sixtus the fourth pope. H. v. vi.vii.viii. & all I. and K. & so endeth this book. Here endeth the table The Prologue ●N so much that it is necessari to all creaturis of christian religion. or of false religion ●s gentiles and ma●●homytes to knaw their prince or princes that regne a 'pon them. and the●m to obey. So it is commodyus to knaw their n●●ill acts or d●ys. and the circumstances of their lyu●●. There fo●● in the year of our lord. M.iiijC.lxxxiij. And in the twenty-three. year of the reign of King Edward the fourth at Saint Albon so that a●en may know the acts naemly of our nobull king's of england is compylit to gether this book. & moor over is translayt 〈…〉 latin in to englich froom the begging of the world the lineage of christ: from Adam till it be comm● to David. & from David the king's of israel & of juice: the h●gh byschoppies in their days with the judges and ꝓphettis. The iiij principal Reams of the world. that is to say of Babulon: of Perces. of greeks. and of Romans. & all the Emꝑoures of Rome or 〈◊〉 by o●dyr and their names. and money a notable father: with cer● of their acts breviately as moor planly is decked in the chapytur n●●t after. And here be rehersit the names of the authors of whom these Cronyclys been translatte most naamly. Galfridus Munmoth monk in his book of Brute. Saint Beed in the acts of england I ●m̄ Beed in his book of times. Gyldas in the acts of Bretan William Malmisbery monk in the acts of king's of Englond & bisshoppies. Cassiderus of the acts of emperors and bisshoppies. Saint Austyn de Civitate dei Tytus Lyuyus de gestis Romanorum Martin Penytēcia●y to the pope in his Cronyclys of emperors & bishops. And namely Theobaldus Cartusiencis contening in his book the progress off all notable fadyres from the beginning off the world unto our time with the notable acts of the saem. ¶ In this neew translation are contened many notable and meruelles' things▪ & the● been legged by authority of money famous clerks And that every man may knaw how thes croniclis be ordyrt ye shall undyr stand that this book is devidit in to seven parties. Off the who the first part contenies from Adam till Brute came in to bretan ¶ The second part contains from brute came first in to Englond unto the city of Rome was build be romolus. ¶ The therd part contains sethyn rome wos build unto Crist wos born of our lady mari ¶ The fourth from thence unto the coming of the saxons in to england ¶ The fift part from thence unto the coming of the danies ¶ The sext part from thence unto the coming off the normans' ¶ The sevint part from the Normans unto our time the which is under the reign of king Edward the fourth twenty-three year whose nobull croniclis be custom may not be seen ¶ And so in eeruy part of thes vij parts is showed the most and necessary acts of all the kings of england & there names wrettyn abooe in the margin that every man may find them soon. And afore the kings of England acts be writin. there is writin the lineage of christ from Adam till that christ was borne of our lady with the egh bishop & the judge that war in that tyme. & certan of their acts necessari. till it be cummyn to christ wos borne. And after that christ wos borne & peter wos pope of rome is showed be order the names of all the popes and emperors of rome afoor and after with certan off their acts breviately. And money other diverses things & inuellus in thes men's days falling. And it is showed every thing in his place how money year it fell after the beginning of the world and how long afoor that Crist was borne. And when that I come to christ wos borne than it is wrettyn how long any thing fell after the nativity of christ. And this is the ordyr off this book and the thyngiss that be spoken of. And to men desiring to have aueray knawlech of thes Cronyclis or of any other it is necessary to knaw sex things ¶ The first is the statye of things. & those been ij. con is fro the beginning of the world unto christ: the who is called the state of demation. The second is from christ to the end of the world the who is called the state of reconciliation ¶ The second thing is the division of times. & those be iij. c●n is afore the law of Moses. anodir is undyr the law of moyses. anodir is undyr the law of grace after christ died ¶ The iij. is the governing of kingdoms & as for that ye most knaw that all though that war iii●. principal kyngdonies that is to say of Babulon of Perses of Grecis & Romans never the lees as to the course of the world & the ordyr of holy scripture the first governing wos undirfadyrs from Adam unto Moses. The second under judges fro moses unto saul The third undyr kings fro Saul unto Zorobobel. The forth under Bisshoppis fro zorobobel unto christ ¶ The iiij. is the diversity of lawis and those war .v. The first wos the law of Nature & that wos common to all men. The second is the law or the custom of Gentiles when that under king Nyno be 'gan the pepull to worship falls goddies. The third under the law writtyn rose the law of jews when circumcision dividyt the Jews from odir pepull. The iiij. under Crist rose they law of cristyn men wheen faith and grace of the sacramentis informed the life of men. The v. under Machomyte rose the law of Sarysons & torkys. The sixth is the nobleness or unnobulnes in deeds. and as to thes it is to knaw that seven. persons be red of whom the deeds money times har had in mind in histories. That is to weet of a Prince in his ream. of a Knight in battle. of a judge in his place. of a bishop in the clergy▪ of a Politic man in the pepull. of an Husband man in an house. and of an Abbot in his church. And of thes are wretyn money times the lauds of good men. and the punychmentis of the curssit men. The sixth is the true cownting of the yeris. and as to that it is to be knaw that their war viij. manner of numbering or cōtyng of the years iii. after the hebreus ii●. after thee Greky. con. after the Romans. and. con. now after the Cristyn men. The hebreus iij. manner of wise begynyth that year. after the Hebreus there is the year usual beginning at january the who they use in connandies and bargans making. And the year leeful beginning at March the who they use in their ceimonyes. And the year emergens from May beginning when they went from Egypte. the use in their Cronyclys & Calculacionis ¶ The greeks nomburth their years iij. manner of wise. first to the glory and joy of their victory. Contyth that years from the destruction of Troy the first the second the therd the fourth etc ¶ Then after the chivalry be gone at the hill of Olympus the notefied their years after the same Olimpiadun & wat Olimpiodes is ye shall knaw after in tha book. The iij. when they be 'gan to have lordship of all the world they notefyed theer years thes manner of wise. In the year of the reign of greeks the iiii. the x. the xv. etc. as is it opyn in the book of machabeorum ¶ Then after the Romans governing the world. contyt or nomburyt their years Ab urbe condita ¶ The last of all cristyn mencowntitt their years from the Incarnation of Crist. and be cause we be criseyn men. we use most to nomb●● fro the beginning off the world unto christ wos borne. And fro christ wos borne. unto our tyme. and this ordyr is kepyt in all the book of every thing in his place as it is said afore. Pars Prima Hic incipit fructus temporum ●E cause this book is mad to tell what time any thing notable was. Theerfoor the beginning of all times chortly shall be tochit. For thee who after docturs it is to be knawyn that four things war made first. and in on time and of oon age. that is to weet the heaven imperial. Angyls' nature. the matter of the four Elementis. and tyme. And that docturs call the work of the creation. the which wos made afore any day or night: of the mighty power of god: and wos made of nothing ¶ Then after foloyth the work of the division thee which wos made in iij. of the first days: in the which is showed the he wisdom of the maker ¶ Then after foloith the a rayng of this wark in the which is showed the goodness of the creature the which wos maed iij. of the next days following. ut pꝪ clare in textu. gen primo ¶ The first day god mad: & devidyt the light from the dyrkenes ¶ The second day god mad: and ordanyt the firmament and devidyt the water from the water ¶ The third day god mad in the which he gedyrit the watries in to oon place: and the earth to apperit ¶ The fourth day god mad: in the which he ordant thee son the moan: and the sterrys·s and put them in the firmament. ¶ The fythe day god mad: in the which he ordant fishes and follis: and great whallis in the altar ¶ The sext day god ordant in the which he mad best and man ¶ The seventh day god maad and in that day he restyt off all works that he had ordant. noot os in working being weary. but he sessit to make more new creatures. vide plura genes primo. Be it know that Adam the first man of whom it is written in this first age next following: levied ix C year and xxx and he gate xxxij sons and as money doghtires Anno mund. Et ante xpi nativitatem .vM. C.lxxxxix. Adam Eva Here beginneth the first age during to the flood of Noah In the first year of the world the sext day god maad Adam. in the field of Damascen. & Eva of his rib putiing them in ꝑadyse. and bade them to keep heys commandment that they should not eat off the fruit of life: undyr the pain of death. and the same day when they had synnyt a noon he kest them out of paradise in to the land of cursitnes that the should life there with sweating & sorrow till they died. vide plura gen. primo. ¶ This Adam wos an holy man: all the days of his life. great penance and deyly he died. and he commandyt his chyldyr to life rightwisely. and naamly that they should avoid in all wise from the company off cain: and his chyldyrn. ner that they should not marry with none of them. This man Adam wos our first father. and for co sin he put us from paradise. but throw his holy conversation: and penance: he gaff us an exampull to come to the kingdom of heaven And he that will not follow his holy conversation & exampull. for co sin rightwisely he can not complain on him in so much as we do many. ●●eth son to Adam wos borne after the beginning of the world. C. and thirty. year and levied ix C xij. but moyses ower skeppis a. C. year of those in the which Abel weppit in the vaale of plorotion: ny ebron▪ this Seth for the oil of mercy to be gettyn went to paradise. ●elbora was sister to able Abel wos slain of Cayn his brother. this Abel the first martyr be 'gan the church of god. This man after: austin mad the cite of god. & he wos the first citysyn of that cite. & be cause that he wos ryghtwis our lord resavyt his offyring ●almana was systir and wife to cain. this cain wos a cursat mane and he mad the first erthli cite that ever wos in this world: in thee which: he put his pepull for dread in so much as he usit ravin and violens for he trustit such things to be done to him as did to odir there for he put him and his in to sekir place. this man slew his brother able for envy. and he wos punyschyt of god: and wandyrt a bout in a despair. & efter was slain of Lameth ablynd man Anno mund iiijC.xxxv. Et ann xpi nati iiijM.ix .ixC.lxxiiij. ENos of the line of christ: levied .ixC. year and v. this Enos be 'gan to call the name of our lord. it might hap he fond sum words of prayer. or mad sum images for god to be worship as is now in the church. Chaynan levied after ix C year and x Anno mund vijC. lxxxxv. Et ann xpi nati .iiijM.iiii .iiiiC. & iiii MAlaleel of the line of christ leaved .viiiC. lxxxxv jareth of the same line leaved ix C lxii. Enoch of the saame line. leaved ccc. year and lxv. This Enoch wos a rightwis man and pleeset god. and for his great holiness our lord translated him in to paradise. where he levis with Heli. in great rest of body and saule. till the coming off Ant christ. Then they shall go forth for the comfortation off good men. And they shall be crownyt with the crowin off Martyrdom. Matusele of Christ's line levied ix C: lxix. This Matusale wos the olddyst man that ever any scripture has mind of. for when he had levied near vC. year. our lord said to him: build the an house now and thou will. for yet thu shall life vC. year. And he onsward & said for so lytill a time as vC. year. I will build no house bott rest undyr trees and heggis & their slepit as he wos wontt to do a for tyme. Anno mund. M.iiijC.liiii. Et ann xpi nati .iijM.vij .vijC·xlv▪ LAmeth was of age vijC.lxxvij. This lameth the first against nature and good manners ordant that a mane might have two wifes in doing of his a woytery. and he wos so or punyshit of them. for they gaff him money a stripe. for it his so. that by what thing a man sins: by the same he is punyshit ¶ This lameth slow cain not willingly. but when he wos old and blind. he wos lad of an child. the which trovyt that he had seen a wild best. & said to his master that he should schote. and so he slew cain. where for he beat his child so soorthat the child also wos deed ¶ And it is to be knaw that all crafts orscyens liberal. or hand crafts or of physic: serving to the curiosity off man: are red that they wor foundyn of the chyldor of lameth. and for they dread the peril to come of the flood and the fire. there for Tubal gravyt the same crafts in. ij· pelours. the theon woos of marbull and though odyr of tyell or break. Tubal fond first the craft to wyrke gold and silver: and iron. and wos the first graver that ever was. Jabe fond first tentoria for scheper dies and pavilions for odyr men. jubal fond first the craft to play a 'pon an harp and organs. & odyr music instruments he usyt. Noema fond the craft first to weave line and wollyne cloth and to draw threads of wool & flax. and a for that time the pepull usytt the skynnys of beasts for their clothes Anno mundi ·M. viC.xlii. Et ann xpi nati .iiiM.v .vC. lun. The ship of Noah had in length iiiC. cubettis. in bred l in altitude thirty. vide plura Gen. 6 knaw ye after doctoris that a convenient pain this time wos ordant to the world. For then lechery habundyt the who defollyt māys body. And there by water the earth was wasshyt and clensud In the sign of the promise that god mad to man that there should never be such a flood again. And the rain bow has two. principal colurs. the which represent the two. jugementis: The watyr colur representis the flood that is passit the fyeer colur be tokyns the judgement to come: & fy●re the who we certanli abide In the end of the world be cause couetues shall habunde: by fire it shall be brenet: gold and silver by the fire is wont to be clens it. Noah Here beginneth the second age of the world during to habr●ham And anon the flood came. and stood a bown all hillis xv. cubittis'. vide plura gen .7. after the flood. a great drunkinnes betid unto Noe. and through the occasion of that drunkynnes he blessit his ij sonis. Sem and japhet. for the fadyrs' honour that they haad to him. & for the honest shame that they covyrt meekly there fadyr membyrs when that he wos droing. and his son Cham for his skornning and his unreverens he cursed. And here aft●r sent Austyn: is mad the first mention of bondage. And of nobleness contrary to it. for Noah said that Cham should be seruand in bondage to Sem & japhet. for his unreverens. Nerye shall not trow that all that descend of Cham war unnobull men. and of no power. for they be 'gan first to be mighty men oon the earth as it is opyn of Nembroth & the kings of Chanaon and ascorum. Nerall of Sem and japhet war vertuus and nobull and mighty men when almost every oon fell in to the crime of idolatry. and war oft times oppressit of odyr men. but this blessing and this cursing has a respec to virtue and vice. for the whe●cch a man is called truli a nobull man or a unnobull man. for he that is vertuus is a nobull man. and he that is unuertuus is not nobull. The same manner of wyese. though that foloyt the faith of Abrahe rather war called his chyldyr then the jews the which carnally descendit from him. Never the leesse they had a spiritual prevaleg of god for the fadyrs' myttis and his blessing And of the● iij. sons of Noah: he being alive. after the history of Philoins war borne xxiiij M. & C· men with out women and chyldyr. and the had oon them iij. Princes Nenroth. jectan and Suphen. Anno mund. .iiC.xlii. Et ann xpi nati .iiM.vi .viC.lvii. SEm son to Noah the second year after the flood got arphaxat. & odyr while he is called Melchesedech. the who first after the flood mad the cite of Salem. & now is called Jerusalem Cham his brother obtenyt african▪ & got sons ij Chus & Mescaym. and thes ij got sons & dowttries. and many a region was of them and money of them to us be wnknaw. for the enhabytte in the occidental ynd. Iaphz was brother unto cham and was blessit of his father. and he had seven sons. s. Gomer Magog Maday janan Tubal Mosog and Iras. And thes got sons and doghtries. and of them came money a region. vide plura gen. ih. Arphaxat son to sem levyde iii C thirty year. & got Elam Assur Lud & Aram. & they got money a son & daughter ut patꝪ gen. This assur be cause he would not rebel against god in the building of the towor of babulon as nemroth died. There for he was drevyn unto the land of Sennaar a land that wos strawnge to him & was not afore inhabit. the which wos called after his name Assuria. & there he bildit a cite aftyrward namitt Ninive. the which wos the metropolon of all the kingdom of assurirum●hus son to cham was father to nemroth. this nenroth woe agyant of ten cubettis long & he be gone to be mighty in the world and he is called a bus●wys hunter afoor god. this man be gone that wrichyt vice of couetues by his tyramnyde. with the who ever moor after this world is fulfilled. and the principal kingdom that he had was babulon. and he had archad. edissa. selencia. & the land of sennaar. Sale son to arphaxat levied iiij C xxxiij year and of him in scripture is no thing wrettyn but that Moses nomburs him in the line that cumys of christ. ¶ This Sale got a son that wos namyt Heber the who after the hebreus had the spirit off prophecy. And of this heber the hebreus be namyt For the hebreus tongue boode alon in his house in the confusion of the language. And that language was called manys language. the which every man usyett a for the tour of Babulon was bildyt ¶ This Heberhade two sons & one wos called jectan another Phaleg this jectan through ensample of Nembroth descending froom Cam took the pryncehood a 'pon the chyldrin of Sem. & he had xiij sons. but this people after Iherom are not knaw of us for farnes of the country or mutation of the pepull or of sum other cause Anno mund. .viC.xliij. Et ann xpi natit .ijM.v .vC.lvi Phaleg levied .ijC.xxxix. year this Phaleg wos the younger son of hebar. & in his days wos made the confusion of language. For in his house a bood the old tongue alon: & that was ebreu wherefore after Sant Austyn in him appeareth a greett steadfastness of rygthtuysnes. for this house wos free of that payen. as not consenting to the building of the tower. Et serm Augus. there were lxxij. generations & so there war. lxxij language. jectan brother to phaleg of Sem Nemrothe Prince of Cam Suphen of japhet. Thes in Pryncis with thaer pepull gedyrid them to gedyr in the felyde of Sennaar dreading the flood to come a gayen. and said: let us build a tower. of the who the altitude shall extend to heaven etc. Gene. ii our lord saw the fulyshnnes of the tower of Babylon pepull: meruelusly for the pain of their sin: he confundyt the tongue of them. so that no man understood watt an other said. & so they waer disparpuld by all the world. Of the malis of this Nembroth bookys be written full. & after the confusion of the langage· he went to the land of ꝑsis. and thor he toght them to worship the fire as god. And he laft his son belus in babulon. the who succedyt him. and so fro thence his progency obtenyt that kyndom. unto the time of money ayere after: ¶ This time be 'gan money kyngdonies. & the most of them all wos the kingdom of Scitarun but their war so rued pepull in it: that it was never had in worship. And it wos amyghtty region of distans ¶ A bout this time be 'gan the kingdom of Egypt. the which with diverse alterations many times was chongit. And it is spoken of oft-times in scripture nobleness or Gentlemen about this time be 'gan. And this nobleness wos ordant for money causis ¶ The first c●use wos necessity. for when mankind grovyd sore. & men war ready to do ill it wos necessari to wythstond the malices of cursed pepull. agonies good men. thereof a man is called a gentleman or a nobull man as be forth odyr in virtues notable. where of Gerom saith. I see nothing elliss in nobleness or in gentlemen. but that they ere bonden in a certan necessity: that they shall not recede fro the virtue and the gentleness of their nobull awnssetory ¶ The secuede wos the dyuse worshypping of the pepull. For no man worshyppyt then. but as his natural reason gaff. & they knew not rightwysly what they should worship. all though they levied pessabuly among themself▪ for they war so dull of wit that they could ponder no gre●t thing. but that wos pubplychit be the common pepull. wherefore it wos expedient for their peesses to be keeped. that they should have princes of nobull birth ¶ The third cause ꝓcedit off sum senguler strength· Money times the comyntees war grevyde through ennys coming upon them And then they said. that who sum ever would defend them fro thes pellies. he should have the right of nobleness for him & his airs for ever more: And in this manner of wise money are red to be nobull men ¶ The fourth cause off nobleness wos great habundans of good. some time the pepull was holden with great penury of meet & drink. & then they took them and thayres to sum rich man. that through that conant they should tenꝑ the great stratnes of their hongyr. & after that they should knaw him as their lord & a nobull man ¶ Also. there be fond certain nobull men be the provision of god. though they war but few of the who some a bood in virtue as Dauit & sum faylit anon as Saul & jeroboan. Also it is red that money war nobull men by tyrannyde & violens of the which sum war distryet anon. and sum a bood in stabulnes as paynims might Aᵒ mund ijM.ix C v. Et ann xpi nati .ijM.ij .ijC. lxxxxiiij. SAruch lineally descendyt from Adam to Abraham. and Nachor wos his son & livid an hundyrth & xlviij year. And a bout this time idolatry be 'gan myghttely. And if ye revolve & look the histories ye shall find that iij. things principal brought men to idolatry. that is to weet the affection that they had to deed men. Dread & flatyring a nendys' thaer princes & the dyligens of craftimen a bout sculptures or gravyngiss. dulys then entyrt the idols. and gave ownswars to the pepull. and thes spretis comformyt the errur of the pepull mightily. In so much that who sum ever would note conform him to their reason he should suffer the pain of death. also was addit to thes things: the dissaving laud of poetties. the who wrecchies and dampnyt men in to heaven with their gay writyngis exaltit. And that same time when dulies be 'gan to speak so farly and so meekly to man. the good lord of his great mercy send his angils: that they should speak to his eleckyt men in visibely. lest that all man kine should ꝑych with that muschews errower. Belus son to Nembroth this time wos King of Babulon. & he was the first king of this world. and this man wos he whom the errur of pepull first trawit should be a god. where for diuse pepull namyt him diversly. & sum called him Bell. sum Baal. sum Baalim. sum Beelphagor. & sum Beelsabub. and this unhapy errur stood in man kind moor them ijM. year. Ninus son to gaytelus the second king of Babulon or of assuriorum regnyt liiij. year. and this Ninus desyryt to have lordship & worship. & to that intent that he might be lord of all the country a bout him: and he gaaffe battle to all that dwellit ne a bout him. And be cause that time the pepull was rude: & had not the cunning of fighting: nor armour. a noon he subduyt unto him all Asiam. & there was maad the first monarch in the est ꝑti. & when his heart wos sorry for the death of his father Belus: he maad to be maked to him for his comforth an image of his father to whom he gaafe so myghti reverens: that what sum ever guilty man had fleed to that image there should no man do unto him no hurt. And he pardonythim of all his trespass. And through his ensampull: money a man be 'gan to worship the deed ymag of their dear friends. Then these malicius spretis seeing the curiosity off the pepull: hide them with in them: and gaafe onswars to the pepull. and said they war goddies: and commandit them to do reverens un to them: as god. thus that unhappy sin of idolatry was brought in. the which repugnyt myghteli to God's majesty. & in so much this madness grew: that he should suffer the pain of death: that said they warmen: but goddies: Anno mund iijM.C.xiiij Et ann xpi nati ij M lxxxv. There son to Nachor levied ij C & v year. this There after the death of Aram went from vr of called and passit in too Charram with his childyrn & his nevens. and it is said be cause he woldnot worship the fire as Nemreth had taught he wos flemyt the country. And the common opinion of the Hebreus is that Nenroth regnyt there the which wos called. a nodir name. Amraphel the king of Sennaar: wom long time after this Abraham awrcan ut dicitur. Genes. xiiij Anno mund iijM.C.lxxxiiii. Et ann xpi nativitatem ij M xv: Here begynnith the devoit & holy story of our Patriarkis the which worshippit the ueray god. & in there worshipping thai taght it vide plura gen 12. usque ad finem. this Abraham a faithful lover of god: wos born the xliij year of Ninus king of Babylon. & knaw ye that the lxxv year of Abraham thurght the mighty glori of the he god: Abraham Here beginneth the thread age of the world during to david the word of merci decendit upon mankind for then began to appear the oraculus of the ꝓmisse of god. vide aug. 16 de ci. de Itm gen ih. for this time holy angels apperit to us in form of mankind ¶ This abraham had two brother. Aram & Nachor. & aram got Loth a rightwes man & an holy. & he deseruyt to be visit with angels as his hunkil abraham was. & for this loath abraham smoot iiii. kings for they took loath ut gen 14. of whom on was said to be Nembroth but he is called here amraphell ¶ And abraham had money wiffes as Sarar & agar. & his children & his brother had money children. but for us that writ cronyclis: it is not necessary to speak of all men: but of the noble faders. sed vide plranfine gen. Melchysedech this time wos king of Salem. this man wos called a rightwise king. for his exceeding holiness. & he offirt bred & wine to abraham in sign of a great mystery. he wos also the priest of the he god Semiramis the third king of Babylon this ordant an army & went in to ind: & obtenet that country. & so by all Asiam the kingdom of Assuriorum was dilatit. & he multiplied the cite of Babylon myghteli. & maad walls a bout it. this Semiramis had a wife & he for soak hiir. & it is written that she wos slain of hiir son Ninus. be cause she ꝓuokit him to the unleeful concupicens. sic dicit aug. 18 de ci dei. & the master in his stories says that she weddit hiir own son. & he got a child on hiir. the which ordant bobulon to be the heed of his reme. Ninus the iiij. king of Babylon wos son to great Ninus. of this man little is written but that he slow his own mother as it is said afore. Arrius was the. v king of babulon. and under him wos borne isaac. Ysaac sone to Abraham of the line of christ lived. C.lxxx. year. This Ysaac had a wife called Rebecca. & on her he got ij: sons. Esau & jacob. this esau sold his enheritons to his brother jacob. & he wos the father of Ydumeorum. & he had in possession the hill of Seir. & put first maris to ass's. where of was gendyrte mulis ¶ A bout this time: thirty: lordschippis & Gomorra further horrobli sin war owerthrow. the wife of Loth looking bacward: turnet in to a salt stone. shewis that no man in the way of deliberation should desire things past. he augus. de ci. dei▪ Anno mund iijM.iij .iijC.xliij. Et ann xpi nati. M.viij C lvi jacob lived. C.xlvij year this jacob had iiij wives or sum concubines that is to wete. Lyan. Balam. Zelphan & Rachel lyam wos the first wiff. & she wos blereit. and she baar him sex sons. s. judas. Reuben. Symeon. Leny. Ysachar. Zabulon & a doghttyr that heyt Dina. Bala seruand to lya and concubine to jacob baar him. ij· sons. s. Dan and Neptalim. Rachel the second wieff to jacob wos barran long tyme. and at the last she bore him two sons. joseph and Beniamyn Zolpha seruand to Rachel baar jacob ij sons. Gad and Aser. and everychoons of thes maad a tribe: of whom in this place it is not necessary too speak. vide plura gen. joseph son to jacob wos borne lxxxx year of his father age & he lived. C. year & on Xerses this time wos king of Babylon under whom wos born jacob & he wos the: seven king of Babylon. Armavictre wos king after him & after sent aug. in that man's days our lord apperit to Ysaac: ꝓmysing him though things the which h● promised to his father. Belocus the ix. king of Babylon wos after this man & under this belocus or in his time our lord speak with Jacob promising him that he had ꝓmysit to his father the which war ij.s. the possession of the land of ꝓmission & chanaan & the bnndiction of all pepull in his seed the which is our lord thun christ Abraham a bout this time decessit & wos bereed in hebron. Inachus the frist king that ever was in Grease was this tyme. forth then the kingdom be gone. Phoronius was king after him and he ordant lawis to the greeks. etc. Anno mund iijM.iij .iijC.iiij. Et ann xpi nati. M. vnC. lxxxxix. judas some of jacob descended of him: & of this tribe of judas can the kings ꝓgeni & at the last christ our lords ¶ judas got Phares & phares Esron. & of thes men litil his had inscript bott Math rehersis them. Beleus in this phares days wos king of Assuriorum or of Babylon & he wos the ten king. under wh●m isaac deceased Atlas the great Astronomyer wos also the which is said to beer up heaven on his shuldre: for the very knaulech of the sterris: Sarapis wos the thighed king of arguiorum or of Grecorum. ● this sarapis wos called other wisse apis. and he can in to Egyppit with a mighty navy. & there decessit: & wos made of the blind gentiles the Egyptians: the greatest god emongꝭ them. & that time began ameruelus superstition in idolatry of a calf of two colours. the which they called Apem. & that calf died: the dulis ꝓcurrit a like calf to that· for to be maid. that they might dessove the rude people & after that it come that the child of israel did on the same wise. ut patet. & what thing could be more wrechit or folisshir in man having reason Argus wos the four king of greeks after whom the nobul cite of argus took his name Cicropis edified Athenas in grecia & this cite was the noricher of liberal sciens. & of money phelosoforus. yet they words saived by dulies. & great suꝑsticiosite in the cite was maid: vide augus. et mirabilem fabulam reꝑies Omogires the first man put ox sin to the plough. Beleus this time wos king of Babylon. & he wos the ten king of that region. & under him died isaac Pharaoh was king of Egypt the which resayvyt joseph & exaltet him: for the interpretation of his dreams. vide scīsiāz pulcherimanque historiam gen 41. etc. Amythus wos the xij. king of Babylon. under whom died joseph a blessit man in chastity Pharaoh emonophis about Esrom days wos king of Egypt. & this pharaoh knew not joseph ner none of his lineage. & he commanded the child of israel to be drenchynt. as it is had exodi po. & ye that be clerks look that book for we that be none: pass to the Croniclys. but a bout this time the history of exodi be gone. Anno mund iij M v C xliiij. Et ann xpi nati. M.v C lx. Aram son to Esrom of the line of christ wos about this time & he got Aminadab. Naason: of thes men little is wrete in scripture & therefore: I ꝓcede to other matters job that holy man & of all paciens the ensampyll. a bout this time wos born: of the line of nachor the brother of habrahan. & he lived money years. & after that god had visit him. & had assayed his paciens. he lived. C.xl year ꝑ augus greg & lir. Moses' about this time wos born. & the child of israel war in great tribulation & bondage. & Moses wos put in the water to be drounet Aron a bout this time wos borne Dafrus was king of Babylon. & he wos the xiv. king & Moses was borne under him in egypt Cicrops wos the first king of Athenas. & after Sent austin that time money losing war wretyn in the histories of the greeks. the which comminli war less than the common faame says. of a little thing they wret a grett matter be cause to show tther cunning. for there wos the university of greeks Anᵒ mund iij M vi C lxxxviij. Et ann xpi nati. M.v C xi. AMynadab son to Aram of christ line wos this tyme. this amynadab first after moyses with a fool faith entyrd in to the reed see. & dread not when money a hundrith war fir lest they should be drenchit. & therefore he deseruyt to bring forth the kings lineage of whom decendit our lord Ihu christ. Moses' wos the first judge of israel that ever was. & he wos judge xl. year. this moyses was the most excellent ꝓphit that ever god made & the most notable writer of stories. & of his loving heaven & earth speak. for he saw almighty god clerli lis to fays. the which in this freel lief wos never fonden inscriptur but of him & paul the apostle. Aron thee first bishop live a. C.xxiij year. this Aron wos called of god in to the dignity of the he priest or of a bishop. & was ordant the eternal testament to himself & to all that come after him for the great power of priesthood. when he wos an. C.xxiij year of age. he decessit & wos bereid in the hill of hor. & his son Heleazarus succedit him in the bisshoprike· Pharaoh boccharis this time wos king in egypt & this Pharaoh would not her the commandment of god. ner deliver the child of israel. wherefore he wos ponichit with x. plagis ut pꝪ exo. And afterward he with all his host: was drounet in the reid see Naason son to Aminadab wos prince of the tribe of judas in the dissert ¶ And a bout this time the law of god was given in the hill of sinai. & the book of leveticum was wretyn: and another book wos called numerum. & the tabernacul was ordand. The book of deuteronamium wos made: Balaam wos prophet & wos slain. Anno mund. M seven C xxv. Et ann xpi nati. M.iiij C lxxiiii SAlmen of the line of christ was about this time & he had a wife that heyt reab. Moses' about this time decesset. the water of phlegm jordan wos dry. jericho wos take: the son stoid in the firmament immevabull. historia libri iosue incipit & judicum. joshua the second judge in israel was a mighty man in battle & the fryst in desert he awer come amelech. & after Moses of god he wos ordant judge of israel of whom the battles: the works: & the religius life ye may see in the book of joshua wreten. Eleazar wos the second bishop: & he & josue divided the land of ꝓmision to the child of israel. & of him decendit the bishops unto christ a few exceppyt Othonyell of the tribe of juda wos the third judge. and this man delivered the children of israel fro the oppression of thee Ream off Mesopotomie. the which he owercome in battle. this man took axam to his wyefe. the which asked the vale londis a bown & beneath of her father caleph. ut pꝪ iudic prio. Aoth wos the iiij judge in israel. this man subduid eglon the king of moab: and deliverit the child of israel. this wos a mighty man in battle and he used the ton hand as well as the t'other for his right hand ¶ A bout this time the kings of Italy be gone. and money times their names be changet. of the which the ꝓgenite of the romans mo● clearly is showed janas' wos the first king of italy. and afterward of the rude gentilies he wos worshyppit as a god. and they feigned him to have ij faces. for they worshippit his fest in the beginning of the year as he war the end of the last year. and the beginning of the first year. and of him the moan of january has his name. Amictus was the viij king of babulon undyr whom joshua decessit. Anno mund iij M seven C lxxv. Et ann xpi nati. M: iiij C xxiv Boos son to salmon of the line of christ wos this tyme. bott of him is lytill wretten but that Math numbers him iij the genology and as docturs saith their wos made skypping of names be twyx Boos & Obeth for at the lest be twyx them war CClxxij year the which time to on man may not be referred. & there for heir money things is spoken or I come to the line of christ a yane. Nicholaus de lyra dt qd sunt tres boos unus post alium Sangar was the v judge of israel both lived no years. Delbora wos the vi. judge this Delbora wos a woman. and for thee grace of her prophecy wos gyffen to her honour that she iuget israel she by the commandment of god called Baruch that he should go feght with the enemies of israel and the child of israel got the victory a yans jabin the king of Chanaan and Cizaram the prince of his chivalry and he destroyed hem ut pꝪ judicum 4ᵒ. Phenies wos bishop. and this Phenies yet a young man for God's sake slew money lecherus men And therefore our lord was plesit wit him Saturnus this time wos king in Italy. and he wos the second king ther. this Saturmis is said to come from the land of cretens in to Ytaly. whom by idolatry thurght a meruelus blendnes they said wos no man but a god. And yet they said that he regnet upon them as their king and he taught men first to dung their fields and of Saturnus the romans war called saturniam. P●icus was son to Saturnus and or he wos king in Italy he wos king in Laurentyn: and after his decease of the gentiles was worsshippit for a god. Anno mund iij M viij C lxxv. Et ann xpi nati. M.iij C xliiij GEdeon the seven judge off israel wos this tyme. this Gedeon subduyt iiij. kings. s. Oreb: Zebee. Zeb: and Salmana. And he subduyt Madean to israel. vide plura iudi cum .6.7. et .8. Bocci was bishop in isthel: then: Abymelech thee: viij judge in israel was natural son to Gedyan and he wos not called of god but malyciosly took on him the Prinshod of israel and he slew lxx of his brother wherefore he endit his life myschewsly ut patet judicum. 9 Tola wos the ix judge in israel and this man gydit him after the old governans of judges by thee manner of direction and counsel. moor then by domination. Bocci wos bishop a bout this time: but of him little is wretyn jayr the x judge of israel had thirty sons: whom he made princes of thirty cities. And be cause thes war good men and rulit to the plesour off god. Therefore in the days of these two men isreel drew to our lord And therefore all thing come and was in prosperity and welche. Fannus wos the iiij king of Italy and he wos king of Laurentyn b●the Latinus wos king in Italy after Famnus and of this Latinus wos called the kingdom of latinorum ¶ And Carmentis daughter to Euandri foond first latin lettyrs. Thauranus a bout this time wos king of babulon or of asseriorum and under this man Troy wos destroyed first. The occasion off the battle off Troy be gone for a little thing. in so much as Lamydon king of Troy: reseyved not Hercules and jason with due honour as they should have be resaived. and off so little a trespass how money harms and hurts grew. Sibilla delphica a for the battle of Troy proficyed how a child should be borne of a virgin with out man's seed. Laamydon king of Troy wos slain: And his doughtyr xiona wos taken in to grease land. for the who foulyth mighty battle and most fearful mischievous vide historiam troianam. Hercules with jason destroyed Ilyum or Troy. the who a none after was builded of Priamus son to Laamydon This hercules did money meruelus things. and money mighty battles. and infenyte leasings be fennyt on hym· at the last when he had owercome much pepull he wos sore hurt in were. And when he might not suffyr the pain of his sore with the who he wos grieved. himself he run in to the fire and when he wos died he wos worshyppyt amongs the God's of the gentiles myghttely. Circa annum mund iij M ix C lxxv Et ann xpi nati. M.ij C xxiv After the death of jayr judge of israel: the pepull of israell addyt new sins to their old: And our lord took them in to the power of the Phylystiens: and to the childer of amon xviij year and they war grettly oppressit. and then they cried to our lord Then iepte wos inspired with all myghtty god: And fought a ganes. Amon and. Sedicios' pepull off the hill off Effraym: And for an unprudent seī he slew his own daughter fullishly & did sacrifice to god with her. judicum. 11: & 12 Ozy this time wos bishop in israel and he wos of the seed of Aron by the line of Eleazari the which deed through the provision of god the bishopric turned to the line of Ythamaran. C xx year in the which line Hely wos the first he bishop. & Abiathar wos the last Ebessam was iuge in ezechiel un. year: and he wos the xij. iuge. and he wos named other wise Boos the who wed ruth Abialon the xiij judge of israel was iuge x year. and undyr thes times the chyldir of israel warqwiet. and therefore no notable things was done in they days Abdon the xiv judge governed in israel viij year. and a bout this time the histori of Ruth wos written Authanis this time wos king of asserirum: & Priamus king of Troy son to Laomidom byldet his cite a yane meruelusly strong and be gone battle with the greeks in to his own hurt. and he had a son wos called Hector a leeful gettyn son by his wife Eccuba. this man wos faithful and wysse: and in conꝑabull of strength & nobleness: this Priamis had another son wos called Paris the which took a way fro the land of greeks Helena wife to Menelayus the king Agamenon the king brother to menelay the leader of all the greeks host fought a yans Troy and at the last he won the cite falsely & to the grekys the most shame & sklandir that might be. for certanly that might be called a unhappy battle where no man gewes loving to the greeks. bott every man reportis shame. Aeneas' wos king in Itali iij year. & this Aeneas after troy was destuyt of the grekys come in to Ytaly with xx schyppies. and did mighty battles there: and this man had wedit Priamus daughter Elinsuram. and he wos made A god through the error of the common pepull and of this man come julius cesar & Octavianus augustus. Vlixes an eloquent man among all the greeks after money parrellies on the see. went home to his Penolopem the most faithful: And the most chastyt woman that is read off: and the greeks parychit wrecchytly after they had destroyed Troy both on the water & on the land as they went homeward a yane ¶ And that wos thee principal date of their writing after that victori. for the wrote their histores & odyr writings sic. Anno primo vel secundo etc. post troiam captam And that wos the three year of Abdon judge of israel. Circa annum mund iiijM.xxv. Et ann xpi nati. M.C.lxxiiij. OBeth of Christ's line son to Boos is rehersset in Math. Samson the xv. iuge regnet xx year. this Samson wos the most strong man that ever was. And he delivered israel from the philistians and for his marvelous strength men trowed he had been hercules Eteius mirabilia opera vide judicum .13. Anno mund iiij M lxxv. Et ann xpi nativitatem. M.C xiv IEsse son to Obeth of the line of christ: odyrwyse called Ysay father to David this time lived a noaull man in honesty no king ne great governor but of him money times is made mention in holy scripture: for of him descendit christ our savour. This time Hely wos judge and bishop in israel: the which had ij. sons Ophni and Phinees. and for he coreket them not sufficiently He and they were ponysshit both of our lord. for they were slain of the Philistions: and Hely feel of his seit and broke his nec. This hely was judge next after Samson: and not of the lineage of Aron that wos first Bishop of god elect but off Ythamar the lineage duryt. C.xx year. in the who lineage Hely wos first bishop and Abyathar the last. vide plara primo regum. This time saul wos king in israel after the master in his histories & josephus in his viij. book this Saul wos first king in israel and regnet xx year. the which or he wos king was a good man and elect off god but afterward wrecchytly he failed. And he wos slain and his iij. sons in the hills of gylboy. In the time of saul. Samuel was judge: & prophet in israel an holy man & borne of a baran mother money a day. & he ministered afore our lord from a child to his age. & was not he bishop. but he iuget israel all the days of his life. & was the very prophet of god two kings he anoyntet. Saul first & after David. this Samuel alone and Moses are red that they prayed for their enemies in all the old testament. Of this Samuel. and saul be diverse opinions Isodyr saith that Samuel and Saul ruled israel xl year and josephus in his viij book and the master in his histories say Samuel to be judge xij year aloon. & after him: saul to regne xx year. plura vide priᵒ regum Ascanius the seven. king of italy was son to Aeneas & beldit the cite of Albion & he wos called the king of Albanorum. ¶ This asconyus got silvius the viij. king of Italy. the wycch silvius was fadir unto Brute king of bretan now called Englond. And I leef of the kings of Italy for they did but little nobull things till it be comen to Romulus & remus that room wos builded. And then shall those kings come a yane & we ꝓcede to the cronicls Albion. Here ye may see how Englond first began at albion of england for the which this book namely is maked. And venis and Padua were builded a bout this time of the resudw of the trojans Homer the great poet a bout this time wos: the which wrote and fened gloriusli money a losing. ¶ Incipit regnum britanie nunc dict anglia. ¶ Afor that I will speak of Brute it shall be showed how the land of england wos first named albion & by what ccheson it vos so namit IN the nobull land of Sirrie there wos a nobull king & mighty & a man of great renone that wos called Dieclisian that well & wortheli him governed & ruled through his noble chivalri So that he conquered all the lands about him so that almost all the kings of the world to him were entendant. Hit be fell thus that this Dioclisian spoused a gentle damosel that was wonder fair that was his emes daughter labana: & she loved him as reason would so that he got upon her xxxiij. daughters: of the which the eldest was called Albine & these damiselles when they comen unto age becomen so fair that it was vonder. where of Dioclisian anon let make asompning & commanded by his letters that all the kings that helden of him should come at a certain day as in his letters were contained to make a rial fest ¶ At which day thither they comen & brought with hem amirallis princes & duke's: and nobull chivalry. The fest wos rialy arrayed and there they lived in joy & mirth enough: that it was wonder to wit. And it befeell thus that this Dioclisian thought to marry his daughters among although kings that tho were at that solemnity. & so they spakene & deed that albine his eldest daughter & all her sisters richly were married unto xxxiij. kings that were lords of great honour & of power at this solemnity And when the solemnity wos done every king took his wife & lad them in there own country & there maad 'em queens. and it befell thus afterward that this dame albine become so stout & so stern that she told little price of her lord & of him had scorn and desspyt and would nat done his will butt she would have her own will in diverse matres and all her other sisters everichone bear them so evil against their lords: that it was wondyr to wit & for as much as them thought that their husbands were nought of so hy ꝑage comen as their father. But though kings that were their lords would have chastised them with fair manner upon all love and friendship that they should amend there lithe ere conditions: but all wos for nought for they diden their own will in all thing that them liked: & had of power where for tho. xxxiij kings upon a time & often times beaten their wives for they weaned that they would amended there tatches & their wilkednes but of such conditions they were that for fair speech & warning they didden all the worse and for betings eft sons much were where for the king that had wedded Albine wrote the taches & conditions off his wife albin and the letter sent to Dioclision her father. & when the other kings herd that Albines lord had sent a letter to Dioclisian. anon they sent letters enseled with there seals the conditions & taches of their wife's. ¶ When the king dioclisian saw and herd so many plaints of his daughters he wos sore ashamed & become wonder anger & wrath toward his daughters & thought both night and day if he though might a mend it: that they so misded and anon sent his letters unto the xxxiij. kings that they should come to him & bring with 'em their wife's everichone at a certain day: for he would there chastise 'em of their wickedness if he might in any manner of wise So that the kings comen all at that time and day that though wos set between him and the kings. Dioclisian them under song with moche honour & maad a solemn feast to all that were under his lordship. & the third day after that solemnity the king Dioclisian sent after his xxxiij. daughters that they should come & speak with him in his chambre & when they war come he spoke unto them of their wikkednes & of their cruelty & spituesly hem reꝓued & undernam & to hem he said that if they would nat be chastised they should his love lose for ever more. And when the ladies herden all this they be comen abashed and gretli aschamed & to their father they said that they would make all amends & so they departed out from their fathers chambre. & dame Albine that wos the eldest sister lad hem all to her chambre and though made void all that were therein so that no lief wos among 'em but she and her sisters yfere: though said this Albine my fair sisters well we know that the king our father us hath reproved shamed and despyseed for enchesone to make us obedient unto our husband's. but certes that shall I never while that I leave sith that I am come of a more higher kings blood than mine husband is. & when she had thus said. all her sisters said the same. & tho said Albine full well I wots fair sisters that our husband's has plened unto our father upon us wherefore he hath us thus soul reproved & despised. wherefore sisters my counsel is that this night when our husbands been a bed all we with one assent: cutten her throats & than we may been in peace of hem & better we moo do this thing under our fathers power than ower where else. And anon all the ladis consented & granted to this counsel. & when night wos conyn the lordd & lady's went to bed & anon as their lords were in sleep: they cut all heir husbands throats. & so they flow them all. when at Dioclisian the king her father herd of this thing. he become hugeli wroth against his daughters & anon would hem all have brenet ¶ But all the barons & lords of sirrie: counciled not so for to do such stretnes to his own daughters: but onli should void the land of them: for ever more: so that they never should come again. and so he died ¶ And Dioclisian that was their father anon commanded them to gone in to shypp: & delivered to 'em victuals for half a year. And when this wos done: all the sistren went in to the ship & sailed forth in the see: & betook all their friends to Appolyn that wos there god· And so long thee sailed in the see till at the last they come & arreved in an isle that wos all wilderness. & when dame Albion wos come to that land & all her sisters this Albine went frest forth out of the ship: and said to her other sisters: for as much qd she as I am the oldest sister of all this company & first this land have taken: & for as much os my nam is Albine I will that this land be called albion after mine own name & anon all her sisters granted to her with a good will Thomas vent out all the sustres of the ship: & token the land albion as her sister called it And there they went up & down and fond nether man ne woman ne child but wild beasts of diverse kinds. and when their victuals war dispended and they failed: they fed them with herbs: & fruits in season of the year. and so they lived as they best might and aftee that they token flesh of diverse beasts and became wonder fat and so they desired man's compane: and man's kind that hem failed. and for heat they woxen wonder courageous of kind so that they desired more man's company then any othyr solace or mirth when the devil that perceived and went by diverse countries and nom body of the eir: and liking natures shed off men: and come in to the land of Albion. and lay by thoo women and shed tho natures upon them: and they consaved after & they brought forth Geantys of the which one wos called Gogmagog. and an other Langherigan. and so they were named by diverse names. and in this manner they come forth: and were borne horrible giants in Albion. and they duelled in caves: and in hills at their will: and had the land of Albion as them liked: unto the time that Brut arrived: and come to Totnes that wos in the isle of Albion. and there this brute conquered: and skomfited thes giants above said. ¶ Here be geneth now how Brut was gotten: and how he slew first his mother. and after his father: and how he conquered Albion that after he named Bretan after his own name that now is called england: after the name of Engist of saxony. This Brute came in to Bretan a bout the xviij year of Hely BE it knaw that in the nobull cite of greet Troy: there wos a nobull Knight and a man of great power: that wos called Aeneas and when the cite of Troy was lost and destroed through them of Grece: this Aeneas with all his main fled thence: and comein to Lombary: that though wos lord and governor of that land a king that wos called Latin. and another king there was that wos called Turocelyne that strongli wered upon this king latin that often times did him much harm And when this king latin herd that Aeneas was comen he underfeng him with much honour & him with held for as much as he had herd of him & witted well that he wos a nobull knight and a worthy of his body & of hiy deeds: this Aeneas' helpet king Latin in his were & shortly for to tell so well & so worthily he did: that he slew Turocelyne & discomfited him & all his pepull. And when all this wos done: king latin give all that land that was turocelinis to this noble man Aeneas in marriage with Lavine his daughter the most fair creature that any man witted: and so they lived together in joy and mirth all the days of their lives tyme. and after Asconyus son to Aeneas wedded a wife and upon her he begat a son that wos called Silueyn & this silueyn when he cold sum resun of man unwitting his father and a yen his will acquainted him with a damsel that wos cousin to Lavine that was king latynes dougter the queen that was eneas wife and brought the damsel with child. and whon Ascanius his father it witted anon let inquire of the wisest masters and of the greatest klerkes what child the damisey should bring forth and they answered & said that she should bring ofrth a son that should kill both his father and also his mother: and so he did: For his mother died in bearing of him. And when this child wos borne: his father let call him Brute: and the masters siyd that he should do moche harm & sorrow in money diverse places: and after he should come to great honour and worship: This king ascanius died when god would and Silueyn his son resaved the land and made him wonderly well beloved amongs his pepull. and when Brute that wos Siluenus' son wos xv. year old he went upon a day with his father for to play & solace & as Brute should a shoot unto an heart his harew misshaped & glaced & so there Brutkel led his father. ¶ How Brute wos driven out of the land and how he held him in Grece. And when this mischance befell: all the pepull of the land made sorrow enough and war sore an angered and for encheason thereof they driven Brute out of the land & would not suffer him amongs them: and he saugh that he might not there a bide & he went from thence in to grece: & there he fond seven. M. men that were of the lineage & kindred of Troy that were comen of great blood as the stori telleth as of men & women & child the which were all holden in thraldom & bondage of the king Pandras of grece for the death of Achilles that wos bitrayed & slain at troy. this Brute wos a wonder fair man & a strong and huge of his age and of glad cheyr and sembland & also worthy of body and wos well-beloved amongs his pepule. This king Pandras heard speak of his goodness and his conditions and anon made him duel with him so that Brute become wonder prive & much beloved with the king: so that long time brute duelled with the king: so at the last they of troy and brute spakyn to gether of kindred and of lineage & of acquaintance and there plened them unto brute of their sorrow and of their bondage and of money other shames that the king Pandros had them done: & to brute they say upon a time ye been a lord of our lineage & a strong man & a mighty be ye ou● captain & lord & governor & we will becume your men and your commandmentes done in all manner of things and bring ye us out of this wrecchitnes and bandage & we will fight with the king for troth with the grace of the great god we shall him overcome and we shall make you king of the land and to you done homage & of you we shall hold evermore. Brute had tho great pite of their bondage that they were brought yn: and privily went 'em from the kings court: and though that were of Troy wē & put them in to wodis and in to montaygens and them the held and sent unto king Pandros that he should give them leu safely for to wend out of the land for they would no longer dwell in his bondage: The king Pandras' wax though sore annoyed and though swore that he would slae them everichone and ordained a great power and went towards them all for to feght but Brute and his men manli them defended and fiercely fought and killed all the kings men that none of them escaped and token the king & him held in prison and ordained counsel by tweyn them what they might done: & sum said that he should be put to death and sum said that he should be exiled out of the land and sum said that he should be brent ¶ And though spoke a wise knight that was called Mempris and said to Brute and to all though of Troy if king Pandras would yield him and have his life I council that he give unto brute that is our duke and our sovereign his daughter Gennogen to a wife and in marriage with her an hundreth ships well arrayed and all his treasure of gold and silver of corn and of wine and as much as as needeth to have of o thing and other and than go we out of his land & ordayn we us a land else where for we ne none of our kindred that comen after us shall never have peace in this land amongs them of grece: for we have slain so money of their knights and of other friends that evermore were and contake should be amongs us: brut tho and all his folk consented well to that counsel and this things they tolden to king Pandras and he for to have his life granted as much as they asked: and a none gave unto brute gennogen his douter to wife & an hundredth ships with os much os them needed of all victuals as before wos ordained: brute though took his wife and all is men that for soak the land of grece and went them unto the see. and had wind and wedre at their will: and come the third day in to an isle that wos called Lorgres: this brute anon sent of his men a land for to aspye the manner of the country & they found a nold Cite all wasted & forlet that nas therein nether man ne woman ne no thing duelling & in the middle of this cite they founden an old temple of an feier lady that wos called Diane the goddess & they comen again unto Brut & told him what they had sayne and found & they conselled him gone & do sacrifice unto dame Diana for she was woned to yef answer of what thing that ever men prayed her & namli unto them that her honoured with sacrifice Brut went to that image & said Diane noble goddest lady that all thing hast in might & in thy power winds waters woods fields & all thing of the world & all manner of beasts that there in been to you I make my prayer that ye me council & tell where & in what place I shall have a counabull duelling for me & for my pepull & there I shall make in honour of you a welfaier tempyll & a nobull where in ye shall evermore be honoured. when he had done his prayer Diane answered in this manner: Brute qd she go even forth thy weigh over the see in to france toward the west & there ye shall find an Isle that is called Albion & that isle is bicompassed all with the see & no man may come therein: but it been by ships: & in that land were woned to be giants but now it is not so but all wilderness and that land is destenyed & ordant for you and for your pepull. ¶ How Coryn become brutes man & how king goffar wos discomfid WHen Brute had this answer of diane the goddess anon he let the anchors wind up & sailed in to the high see & when he & his men had sailed xx. days and more they fond fast beside a cost of the see a thousand men of the lineage and kindred of Troy and there sovereign & their master of all was called Corin. and when Brute witted whennes they were he though took them with much joy in to his ships & led them forth with him. this Corin there become brutes man & to him did homage & so long they sailed forth in that sea till they comen in to Gascoigne and anon they arrived in the haven of leigers and there they dwelled viij. days them for to rest & there sails to amend there that it was need: tidings soon come to king Goffar that was lord of the land how that much people of strange land were arrevid in to his land in the haven of leigers wherefore he was sore angered and annoyed that they come and arrived in his land with out his lysens and his leave. And anon he ordained him a great power for to drive out Brute and to shend him and all his pepull: bout it was so that king Goffar wos discomfited and all his pepull: and himself fled in to France: there to seek help and succour. ¶ And in that time reigned in france xij. kings: and a xi. of them assemaled a great power for to help Goffar and for to fight ayenes Brute: this Goffar dwell with them of france half a year and more. And in the mean time when goffar was in france. Brute and his company destroyed all the land of Gascoigne and let take all treasure that king goffar had and there let bring it all in to his ships And this Brute founden in that land a fair place and covenabull & their brute made a fair Castle and a strong. ¶ When that this wos done king Goffar come fro france and xi. kings with him and brought with them .xx: M. men for to fight with Brute & his company and brute had but vijM. and iijC. men: & neverthelees when the ij. hosts met to gether: brutes folk thorgh help of himself and of Turyn his cousin & of Corin that well and manly him defended and fought so tell that little time they had killed of the fraunshemen ijM. and more. anon all though that were alive fled a way ¶ And in this battle Turin brutes cousin was slain and brute let enteer him worthily when he had space & leisure in the Castle that he had made: and though let call that same castle Tours for be cause of the name of Turin that there wos entired and yet in to this day there is a nobull Cite that is c●lled Tours. And when king goffar witted that Turin wos died he con again with his men and after gave a strong battle unto brute. but brute and his men were so weary for fightting that they might no longer endure but to meegre him and all his. and than Brute went in to his castle with all his men & made the yates fast for to save them and for to take counsel amongs them what were for to do Brute and Corin gave counsel and ordained that corin privaly should go out and bussh him in a wood till the morn So that in the morning when brute should fight with his enemies Corin should come with his folk in one side and sla and do all the harm that he might And in amorning in the dauyng of the day Brute went out of the castle & fought with his enemies and they fiercely defended but with in a little time brute and his folk slew viijC. of gofears men. and then come Corin with the bushment and smote to ground he & his company all that would stand or a byed so that that king goffar and his company war descomfited and fast they gun to i'll. And Brute and Corin with their company fiercely them persoed and killed moo of them in the fleeing than they did in battle ¶ And in this manner Brut had the victory and nertheles brute made much sorrow for his cousin Turin that there wos slain and other also that he had lost of his men that is to say vijC. and xv. the which nobulli he let entire in the some castle of Tours there where that he had entired Turin his cousin. ¶ How Brute arrived at Totnesse in the isle of Albion. and of the battle that wos by tuix Corin and Gogmagog. WHen all this wos done Brute would no longer their duel for to fight nor for to lose no more of his pepull For king Goffarus pepull might every day increase more and more And bruttes lassenned and therefore he took all his men and went unto the see & had wind and weather at there will. And the fift day afterwaard they arrived in an haven at Totnesse and comen in to the isle of Albion and their nether man nor woman as the stori tells the fond: but Geautes and they woned in hillis & in caves. & Brut saw the land wos fair and at his liking and wos good also for him and for all his pepull as Diane the goddess had him behight. And there wos brute wonder glad and late assemble upon a day all his folk to make a solempnie sacrifice and a great fest in honour & reverens of Diane the goddess of the which he had counsel first for to come in to this land And when that they had that solempnite done: as they upon a day sat at there meet there come in upon them suddenly thirty. giants and killed of brutes men thirty. Brute and his men anon sturten up and fought with the giants and killed them everichone: but one that was called Gogmagog: and he was master of all the giants and he wos stronger and heir than any of the other. And brute keeped him for encheason that he should wrestyll with Corin that was brutes man: for he was greater and higher than any of Brutus' men from thee gredyl stead upward ¶ Gogmagog and Corin under took there for to wrestyll: and so together they went and wrestilled a long time but at the last gogmagog held Corin so fast that he broke ij. ribbbes of his side wherefore Corin wos sore angri and there he took gogmagog betwixt his arms and kest him down upon a roche so that gogmagog brake all to pieces & so he died an evil death and therefore the place is called yet unto this day the fault of gogmagog And then after brute gave all that country unto Corin & there corin called it after his name Cornwalle: and his men be called Cornwailles and so should men of that country be called for evermore And in that country duelled corin and his men and thee made towns & houses & inhabited the land by their own will. ¶ How Brute made London & called this land britane and scotland Albyne and Walis Cambir. BRute and his men went forth & saw about in diverse places where that they might find a good place and covenabull that they might make a Cite for him & for his folk So at the last they come by a fair River that is called temies & their Brute began a fair Cite and let call it new Trey in mind and remembrance of the great Troy from the which place all their lineage was coming ¶ And this brute let fell down woods and let erye and saw lands and let maw down medoys for sustenance of him and also of his pepull: and he departed the land to them so that everyone haad a part and a certain place for to duel in And then Brute let call all this land Bretene after his own name and his folk he let call bretons And this Brut had gotten on his wife Gennogen iij. sons that war worthy of deeds the first wos called Lotrin the second Albanac and the thread kambar And brute bore crown in the cite of new Troy twenty year after the time that the cite was made: and there he made the laws that the bretons holden And this brut was wonderly well beloved among all men: And brute sons also loved wonderly well to gedeer ¶ And when brute had sought all the land in length & also in breadth he found a land that juned to bretane that wos in the north and that land brute gave to albanac his son and let call it Albany after his name that now is called Scotland ¶ And brute fond an other country toward the west and give that to Cambar his other son and let call it Camber after his name and now it is called wales. and when brute had reigned twenty year as be for is said than he died in the cite of new Troy. ¶ How Lotrin that wos brute son entroed with much honour and governed the land well and worthily AFter Brute reigned Lotrin his son that wos the second king in bretane the which began to regne the second year of Samuel. and this lotrin wos croned king with much solemnite of all the land of bretane and after when he wos croned king Albanac and Cambar his two brother went a gain in to their own country and there they lived with mickle honour and worship. and Lotrin their brother reigned and was king and governed it well and wyseli: for he wos a good man and wonderly well beloved of all his land And it be fell so that Albanac duelled in his own land with mickle hoonour and worship: and then come king Humbar of Hunlond with a great power and arrived in albine and would have conquered the land and by gone to were upon king Albanac & him killed in battle. ¶ when albanac wos slain the pepull of that land fled unto Lotrin and told him for he was king of bretan how that his brother wos slain and prayed him of his help and of his succour for to a venge his brother death. ¶ Lotrin there anon let assemble all the bretans of kent of dover in to derewent of Norfolk and Southfolke of keftefen and lyndessey and when they war all ensembled they sped them fast to ward their enemies for to yef them battle. and lotrin had sent to Camber his brother that he should come unto him with all thee power that he might make him for to help. and so he did with a good will and so they come to gedres and took their way privily for to go and seek Humbar where they might him find. ¶ And so it befell that this Humbar wos by side a water that was a great river with his folk him for to disport & there come Lotrin and Cambir his brother with all their folk suddenly or that any of that other witted ¶ And when Humber saw them come he wos sore adread For as much as his men witted it not afore: and also they were unarrayed And anon Humber for dread he leaped in to the water and drenched himself and so he died and his men were all slain that none of them escaped: And thefor is that water called Humbar and evermore shall be for be cause that this king Humbar there in was drenched. And after that Lotrin went to his ships and took their gold & silver and as much as he found unto himself and all that other pylfre he gave unto other folk of the host and they fond in one of the ships a fair damsel that wos king humbars daughter and she wos called Estrild ¶ And when Lotrin saw her he took her with him for her fairness▪ and for her was over taken with love & would have wedded her. This tidings come to Corin and anon he thought to aveuge him upon lotrin Farneze as much as Lotrin had made counand for to spouse Corins' douhhter that was called Guentolen And corin in haste went to him unto new Troy & thus he said to Lotrin. now certes quoth he ye reward me full evil for all the pains that I have suffered and had money times for Brute your father: and therefore sen that it is so I will a venge me now upon you and he drew his falchion an height and would have slain this Lotrin the king but the damosel went by tweyn them and made them acorded in this manner: that Lotrin should spouse gwendolyn that wos Corins' daughter And so Lotryn did And nertheles when that he had spoused Guentolen Corins' daughter privily he come to estrild and brought her which child & gate upon her a daughter the who was called Abren ¶ And it befell so that anon after that Corin died: and after when he was died Lotrine for soak Gwendolyn that wos his wife. and made estrild queen. And there guentolen that was his wife went from thence all in great ire and wroth unto cornwall and there seized all the land in to her own hand: for as much as she was her fathers eyr: she under took feautes and homages of all the men of the land and afterward assembled a great host and a great power of men for to be a venged upon Lotrin that was her lord: and to him come and give him a strong battle: and there wos Lotrin her hosband slain and his men discomfited in the v. year of his regne. Guentolen let take Estrile and Abram her daughter and bind them b●the h●nd & feet & kest them both in to a water and so they drenched wherefore that water was ever more called after Abram after thee name of the damsel that was Estrildis daughter: and english men calleth that water Severn and welsh men calais it Abram unto this day ¶ And when this was done Guentolen let crown her queen of all the land: & governed the land full well and wisely unto the time that Madan her son that Lotrin had gotten upon her were of xx. year of age that he might be king: and so the queen reigned xv. year: and though let she crown her son king & he reigned & governed the land well and worthily And she went in to Cornwall and there she duelled all her life's tyme. ¶ How Madan reigned in peace all his life. This Madan son to Lotrin reigned on the bretans xl. year The which be gone reign the xv. year of saul. And this Madan liffed in peace all his days. & got ij. sons Mempris & Maulyn. Then he died and lieth at new Troy. Anno mund iiijM.C.xxij. Et ann xpi natintatem: M.lxxiiij. David the second king in isreell reigned this time a man Daui● Here beginneth the fourte age during to the transmigration chosen after the desire of god. And he wos a nointed in his young age by Samuel. and after the death of saul he reigned ·xl. year. this David wos as a marvel in all man kind: In whom ever was y found so moche power and so mochel humility So much nobleness an so moche meekness: So great a charge of seculari things. And so pure and dewoute a contemplation of spiritual things So money men to kill. And so money tears to weep for his trespass. plura vide primo regum. Abiathar this time was bishop: and he fled fro saul unto David and he was glorius with him all his days. Gad Nathan and Asaph: war prophets than: and Nathan wos brother son to David. ¶ How Mempris slew his brother Maulyn. THis Mempris and his brother maulyn str●ue fast for thee land & mempris begun to regne the xxxv. year of David and for encheason that he wos the eldest son he would have had all the land and Maulyn woldnat suffer him so that they took a day of love & accord ¶ And at this day Mempris let kill his brother through treason and himself afterward held the land and anon let crown him king and reigned. and after became so lither a man that he destroyed in a while all the men of his land: and at the last he became so wicked and so lecherous that he for soak his own wife and used the sin of sodomy wherfo: almighty god was greatly displeased and wroth with him and upon him took vengeance for be cause of his wikkednes. For on a day as he went forth on hunting in a forest there he lost all his men that wos with him and witted not what he should done: and so he went up and down himself alone and cried after his men but they war gone and there come wolves anon and all to dreu him in pieces when he had reigned xxiv. year. and when his pepull herid that he wos so died they made joy and mirth enough anon mada Ebrac his son king and he reigned with much honour. Anno mund iiijM.C.lxv. Et ann xpi natintoten. M xxxiiij. SAlamon the king of Pees of the gift of our lord had a singular exceeding a bown all men that ever wos in this world but alonely god in wisdom & in riches. indayntethis & in glory. and famyliarite with god. And all though Moses and David Peter & Paul jerom and Austyn and othee moo excedit him in holiness. but yet they excedit him not in Glori and reches. And this man so exceeding all men wrechitly fell. Of this Solomon is red in a pystill of scent jerom that he got a child on the daughter of Pharaoh at xi. year of his age. vide plran regum Sadoch this time wos bishop And for he declynet not to thee he part of Adonie David son: but wos with Nathan for Solomon. & Abiathar on the other part was deposit. Anno mund iiijM.ij C v. Et ann xpi natintatem ixC. lxxxxiiij. ROboas succedit Solomon his feather in his kingdom. bott not in wisdom: he wos dessaved through thee counsel of young men. & lost x. tribus in so much that he awnsuaid not the people wisely as it is open tercio regum. A chymyas was bishop: and wos the son of Sadoch. ut pꝪ primo paroliopo. Reges israel incipiunt. Iherobaas reigned king in israel xxij: year. And he wos first of the housold of Solomon & a good man. but when he wos made king he wos a myscheuus man in idolatry. & made israel to sin in idolatry: & money great unconuementis war done almost to the destrucnon of all israel. for he wos the fugour of machomyte. plran vide 3ᵒ regum. Abdias the son of Roboas reigned in the jury iij. year & other while a good man: and helped by god and oethr while wrechedli disposed in idolatry: & therefore our lord suffered him to regne little tyme. ut pʐ 3ᵒ regum et 2ᵒ paralipo. Anno mund iiij M ij C xxv. Et ann xpi natintatem ix C lxxiiij. Asa the son of Abdias reigned xvi year. in the beginning of his reign he wos a rightuis man & walked as David did & he owercom the Ethyopes: & destroyed idols but after that he wos suorne to the king of Syrie benedab. for Baasa king of israel: them be gone fight aganes him. the which displeased god. wherefore he send to him the prophet Anani: whom he put in prison and therefore he had the gout strongli & died thereof. ut pʐ 3ᵒ regum 2ᵒ pa. Azarias' son to Achonias wos bishop. Nadab king of israel regnet ij. year the which began to regne the second year of Ascanio king of jews & did nought as his father: and Basa ower through him & reigned for him. ut 3ᵒ regum. Basa king of israel regnet xxiv year the which begun to regne the iij. year of Ascanio king of jews & he walked in the sins of jeroboam & killed Jehen the prophet. Hela the son of Basa reigned in israel ij. year & Zamri slew him & reigned seven. days Amri renet xij year. & did nought as his predicessores did Acha son to amri: reigned on isral xxij year: & aboon all that wos afore him he wos cursed for wicked jesabel ruled moor then he: & moved him to follow her. ut pꝪ icio regum. ¶ Off king Ebrac the which be gone to regne the xv. year of ●ala●● and how he conquered frrance. This Ebrac reigned lx. year & a strong man he wos and a mighty. and this Ebrac through his might and help of his bretons conquered all france and won there so moche gold and silver that when he con a yane in to this land he made a cite after his own name let call it Ebrac that is called everywyk & this king made the castle of maidens that now is called Edinburgh This king had xx. sons & twenty-three. daughters by diverse women gotten & thighs sons were called as ye shall here Brute. Grenescheld. Margand: Seisell Morghwyth: Flengham Bladud jakyn Kynbar Rocelm Spadogh Godeher● Thorinnan Gldaugh jorkanghut Haibor Ketin Rother Kaier and assaruth And the dougtres heighten as ye shall heir after Elegine Ymogen Oghdas Guenbran Gnardich Augarell Guenthold Tangustel Gorghon Michael Medhan Mailour Ondur Cambredan Ragan Renthely Neest Cheghan Skaldud Gladus Heber hyn Abalaghe and Blandan & these were tho twenty-three. daughters & the brethren became good knyghtties & worthy in money contres. ¶ Off king brute grenesheld the first son of Ebrac king AFter the death of king Ebrac: reigned Brute grensheld his son thirty. year that wos Ebrakes first son that well & nobly reigned and when time come he died & lieth at york. ¶ Off king Leyl that wos Brute grensheld son. And when Brute grensheld wos died reigned his son Leyll. xxij. year & he made a fair town & let call it Karlille after his name & he wos a worthy man & well-beloved of his people & when he had reigned xxij. year he died & lieth at Carlille. and in his time reigned king Solomon in jerusalem & made the nobull temple & to him comi Sibelle queen of Saba for to here & see if it were soothe that men speaken of the great & nobull wit & wisdum of king Solomon & she fond it soothe that men had her told: Anno mund iii● M ij C lxvi. Et ann xpi nati .ixC.xlij IOsaphat king of jews wos a good man & a rich & a devoyt in the way of our lord: & regnet xxv year & did no ill but to the curset kings of israel gaf help. And other little things & therefore our lord was with him. ut pʐ 2ᵒ para. Helyas thee great prophet wos this time an holy man that wos lifted up in to paradise with great solace in a chair Macheas & Abdias ꝓphesied with him Ochosias' son of Achab renet in israel two year & send to Beelzebub god of Acharan to be heeled for the which he died after the saying of helie. ut pʐ 4ᵒ regum. ¶ Off king lud ludibras that was king leyles son. And this king Lud ludibras made the cite of Cantorbery & Wynchestre & he reigned xxxix year & then he died & lieth at wynchestre. ¶ Off king Bladud that wos ludibras son how he reigned and wos a good man and a necromancer. And after this lud ludibras regnet Bladud his son a great necromancer and through his craft of nigromanci he made the meruellus hot bath as the gest telleth and he reigned xxi. year and lieth at the new Troy. Anno mund iiij M ij C lxxxxi. Et xpi nati. ix C viij. IOram king of Jews son to josophet reigned viij year this joram wos a cursed man & had a good father. he killed is brother & wrecchedli levied as did the kings of israel. Therefore he wos for corecked & died unhappeli. ut pʐ 2ᵒ paralo. This time Helias was ravichitin to paradise Ochosias or Asarias' king of ives regnet i year. & lived nought as his father did & anon wos slain. with all the house of Achab. Athalya mother to asarias took the the kingdom and killed all the kings blood: & reigned x. year. and the seven year of joiada bishop she wos slain 4ᵒ reg This asarias and his son joas & his new Amazia Matheus the gospeler puttis not in the line of christ for their giltis. joram king of israel regnit xij. year the which began to regne the xviij. year of josaphat. for his brother Ochesie. and cursitli he levied & was slain of jen with all his father is household ut pꝪ Jehen anountit of the child of helise opon is il kyllit Acharian the king of juice. and joram the king of israel. & jesabel mother to joram and lxx child of Achab. and xlij bredir of Azari. & all the priests of baal. & he reigned xviij. year. Athalia mother to Azari king of Jews: daughter to Achab regnit on the ivys vi year. and killet the kings blood of joram. except joas the son of azari the which was keppet among shepꝑd. & after she was slain. Anᵒ mund iiijM.iij .iijC.ix. Et ann xpi nat .viijC. lxxxxiij· IOam son to achazie regnit in the jury xl year whom ioiada the Bishop crownit king at vij year of age. and he lived weal as long as he was rulet by ioiada but after he forsook god and marterit Azarias that time bishop son to ioiada for he blamit him that he forsook his god. plura vide 2ᵒ paralo. joathas son of iehen regnit in israel xvij year: in whose days helise the prophet d●●d: and he began to regne the twenty year of joas. vide plura 4ᵒ regum. joam son of joathas regnit in israel xvij. year & he trobuld ●zia plura vide 4. regum 13. ¶ Off king Leir son to bladud & of the answer of his youngest daughter that graciousli was married to the King of france. AFter King Bladud reigned Leir his soon and this made the town of leicester: & let call the town after his name. & he governit the 〈◊〉 weal & nobulli This king Leir had iij. doughteriss the first ●d Goneril. the second Rigan & the third C●●d●●ll. and 〈◊〉 youngest daughter was fairest and best of conditions. The king her father became an old man & would that his doughteres were married ere that he died. but first he thought to assay which of hem loved him most & best: for she that loved him best should best be married & he axed of the first daughter how well she him loved. and she aunsuerd & said better than her own life Now certes quoth her father that is a great love Then axed he of the second daughter how much she him loved and she said more and passing all the creatures in the world ꝑ ma foy quod her father I ma no more ask: and though axed he of the third daughter how much she him loved: certes father quod she my sisters have told you glozing words: but for so the I shall tell you troth For I love you as I aught to love my father and for to bring you more in certain how I love you I shall you tell: as much as ye been worth so much shall ye be loved ¶ The king her father went that she had scorned him and become wonder wroth and suore by heaven & earth she should never have good of him: but his daughters that loved him so much should be well advanced and married And the first daughter he married to Maugles king of scotland: and the second he marid to hanemos earl of Cornewaell: and so they ordained and spoke between them that they should departed the Ream between them two after the death of king Leir their father so that Cordeill his youngest daughter should nothing have of his land: but this Cordeill wos wonder fair and of good conditions and manners that thee king off france Agampe herd of her speak and sent to the king Leir her father for to have her unto his wife. and prayed him thereof. and king Leir her father sent him word that he had departed his land and yeffen it all unto his two daughters be for said. and he said he had no more land where with her to marry ¶ And when Agampe the king of france herd this aunsuar he sent anon a yene to Leir and said that he axed no thing withhir but only her clothing and her body And anon king leir sent her over the see to the king of france And he ressaved her with moche worship and with solemnity he her spoused & made her queen of france. ¶ How king Leir wos driven out of his land through his folk & how Cordeill his youngest daughter helped him in his need. THus it befell afterward that though two eldest daughtres would not a bide till leir their father was died but wered upon him whiles that he was on live and did him much sorrow & shame wherefore they benom him holy the ream and between them had or deigned that one of them should have king Leir to seiourne all his live time with xl. knights and squires that he might worship fulli go and ride whedder that he would & in to what country that him liked to play and to solace. ¶ So that Manacles king of scotland had king Leir with him in the manner as is a boon said and or other half year were passed Corneil that wos his eldest daughter and queen of Scotland was so a noyed of him and of his pepull that anon she and her lord speak to gedre wherefore his knights half and his squers from him were gone and nomo left with him but only thirty. ¶ And when this wos done by gone for to make much sorrow for encheason that his estate wos empeired. & men had of him more scorn and despiet then ever they had before wherefore he not wist for to done. and at the last thought that he would weind in to cornwall to Rigan his other daughter And when he was come the Earl and his wife that wos Leir's daughter him welcomed and with him made much joy and the ere he dwelled with thirty. knights & squires And he had not duelled there scarcely xij. month that his daughter of him was weri and his company and her lord and she: of him had great scorn and despitte: so that from thirty. knights they brought unto ten and afterward had he but .v. and so they left him nomo ¶ Than made he sorrow ynouh: and said sore weeping Alas that ever he come in to that land and said yet had me better to have duelled with my first daughter And anon he went thence to his first daughter a g●ne: but anon as she saw him come she swore by god and by his holy name and by as much as she might that he should have nomo with him but one knight if he would there a bied Then begun Leir again to weep and made much sorrow & said though alas now to long have I lived that this sorrow and mischief is to me now fallen. for now am I pooer that sum time was rich: but now have I no friend ne kin that me will do any good ¶ But when I was rich all men me honoured and worshipped & now every man hath of me scorn & d●spite. and now I wots well that Cordeill my youngest daughter said me trought when she said as much as i had so much should i beloveid and all the while that i had good so long wos i loved and honoured for my riches: but my two daughters glossed me tho. & now of me they set little price and soothe told me Cordeill but i would nat believe it ne undiyrstond and therefore i let her go fro me as a thing that i set little price of: and now wot i never what for to done sith my ij. doughtre have me thus dissaived that i so much loved: and now most i needs seek her that is in an other land that lightly i let her gone fro me with out any reward or yefts and she said that she loved me as mich as she aght to love her father by all manner of reason and though i should have axed her no more: and though that me other wise behightyn through tber falls speech now have me desavid: in this manner Leir long time began to make his moan and at the last he shop him to the see and passed over in to france and asked and espied where the Queen might be fond and men told him where she was And when he come to the Cite that she was in privily he sent his squire unto the queen to tell her that her father was comen to her for great neides ¶ And when the squire come to the queen he told her every deal of her sisters from the beginning unto the end· Cordeill the queen anon took gold and silver plenty and took it to the squire in counsel that he should go and bear it unto her father and that he should go in to a certan Cite and him array and washen and than come again to her & bring with him an honest company of knights xl. at the leyst with their meinie: and than he should send to her lord the king and sayne that he were comen for to speak with his daughter & him for to seen: and so he did ¶ And when the king and the queen he●d that they come. with much honour they him rossayved And the king of france though let send through all his ream and commanded that all men should been als entendent to king Leir the Quens father in all manner of things as it war unto himself when king leir had duelled there a month and more he told to the king and to the queen his daughter how his two eldest daughters had him served. Agampe anon let ordain a great host of france men and sent in to bretan with Leir the queens father for to comquer his land again and his kingdom. And cordeill also come with her father in to bretane for to have the ream after her fathers death And anon they went to ship and passed the see and come in to bretan and fought with the felous and them scomfited and killed. & tho had he his land again and after lived iij. year and held his ream in peace and afterward died & Cordeill his daughter him let entyr with mickle honour at Lecestre. Anno mund iiij M iij C xlix. Et ann xpi natiuitatem viij C liij. Amasias' son to Ioam reigned on the jews xxix. year after the which the kingdom of Jews wos with out king xiij. year This man worship the God's of Seyr. ut pʐ 2ᵒ para. 2●. jeroboam son to Ioam reigned on isreell xli. year y● with was manly and victorius for he over come the king sirie & restored israel & damask after the word of jono the prophet: but he wos not good therfoor sayeth Austyn if good men regne they prophet money men & if ill men regne they hurt money men. Anno mund iiij M iij C lxxxviij. Et ann xpi natintatem viij C xi OZias or Azarias' son to Amasie reigned on the jure lij year. the which lived well a for our lord. Off him is no ill thing wretyn. but that he usurpit the dyngnyte of priest hoid under Azari. the which he for bed him. for the which cause our lord struck him with a leper. ut pʐ ●o. para. Ozee bishop and prophet was this time the first of the xij. is send a yanes the x. tribis. johel the second of the xij. ꝓphesied of iuda. Anias' the iij. ꝓphised agans many people ¶ Abdias the iiij. of the xij. ꝓphesied against edom jacharias son to jeroboam reigned in israel vi. monethis the which be 'gan to regne the xxxviij. year of Osias: and wos nought in his leaving as his predicessurs war. And zelluz killed him. and reigned a month. And Manahen kyllid him & took his kingdom. ut pʐ 4ᵒ regum This manahen reigned x. year that which be gone to regne the xxxix. year of Osias. and he ruled him myschevysly and our lord took him in the poer of the king of assuriorum. & he paid to him. M. talentis of silver. ut pꝪ 4 regum. Phaseia son to manahen reigned in israel ij. year And he be to regne the l year of Osias & he wos nought in his leaving. Phasee slew Phasaia & reigned xx. year. And he be 'gan to regne the lij. yet of Osias and did as other cursed men did. plura vide 4ᵒ regum. And after this. israel wos with owttyn any king viij. year. ¶ How Morgan and Conedag that was nevus to Cordeil warred wpon her and put her her in to preson. WHen that king Leir wos died Cordeill his youngest daughter reigned: the x. year of Osias king of jury And after her ragned Conedage. the xv. year of Osias. And Cordeill that was Leir youngest daughter after the death of her father had all the land v. year and in the meyn time died her lord Agampe that was king of france and after his death she left wedo. And there come Morgan and Conedag that were Cordeill sister sons and to her had enmite for as much as their aunt should have the land. So that bitweyn them they ordained a great power and upon her wered greatly. and never they rest till they had her taken & put her unto death: and though Morgan & Conedag seized ale the land & departed it between them. And they held it xij. year▪ and when though xij. year were gone there bigane between them a great debate so that they wered strongly to gedre yfere & every of them did other much disease. for Morgan would have all the land fro beyond humbet that Conedage held. but he come against him with a strong power so that Morgan durst not abide but fled away in to wales and Conedage pursued him & took him and killed him. And though come conedage again and seized all the land in to his hand and held it & reigned after xxxiij year. & though he died & lieth at new Troy. ¶ And be cause the matter contennys most comediusly together of the kings of bretan now called Enegland for the time of them is not certainly knawyn what time of the world thes kings following reigned. Therefore they shall be together: till it be comen unto Guentolen king of bretan now called Englond. ¶ How Reignold that was Conadag son reigned after his father & in his time it rained blood iij. days in tokenning of great death. ANd after this Conedage reigned Reignold his son that was a wise knight and an hardy and curtes that well & nobully governed the land and wonder well made him believed of all manner of folk and in his time it rained blood that lested iij. days as god would and soon after there come great death of pepull for hosts with out number of pepull fought till that all mighty god thereof took mercy and pitty and though 'gan it cese and this Reignold reigned xxij. year & died & lieth at York. ¶ How Gorbodian reigned in peace that wos reignold son. & after he died and lieth at yoik. ANd after this Reignold that wos Gonedag son reigned Gorbodian that wos this Reignold son xv. year & then he died & lieth at york. ¶ How gorbodian had ij. sons & how that one slew the other for to have the heritage: And how ydoyne there mother killed that other wherefore the land was destroyed. WHen this Gorbodian was died his two sons that he had become stout & proud & ever wered together for the land: & the one was called Ferres & other Porres. And this ferres would have all the land: but the other woldnat suffer him this ferres had a felons heart & thought through treason to slay his brother but prevaly he went in to france & their abode with the king Syward till upon a time when he come again & fought with his brother ferres: but full evil it happened tho for he was slain first. when ydoyne their mother witted that Porres was died she made great sorrow for encheason that she loved him more than that other & thought him for to kill prevaly ¶ And privily she come to her son upon a night with ij. knives & therewith cut his throt & the body also in to small pieces who herd ever such a cursed mother that killed with her own hands her own son and long time after last the reprove & shame to the mother that for enchesun of that one son she murdered the other & so lost them both. ¶ How four kings courtasly held all Breten and what be there names ye shall heir after WHen the ij. brethren war died they had left behind them neither son ne daughter ne none other of the kindred that might have the heritage & for as much as the strangest men driven & scomfited the feeblest & took all their lands so that in every country they had great were & strife under them but among all other things there were amongs them in the country that over come all though other & through theridamas might & strength they took all the lands & every of them tok a certain country & in his country let call him king & con of them was called Scatter & he wos king of scotland & that other wos called Dawaliere & he was king of loegers & of all the land that wos Lotrins that wos Brutus' son The third was called Rudac and he was king of walis And the iiij. was called Cloten & was king of cornwall. but this Cloten should have had all the land by reason for be cause that wos no man that witted none so right heir as he was: butt they that were strongest set little by 'em that were of less estate and therefore this cloten had no more land among 'em but cornwall. ¶ Of king Donebant that was Clotens son won the land THis Cloten had a son that was called Doneband that after the death of his father by come an hardy man and a fair and a courteous so that he passed all the other kings of fairness & of worthenesse. And a none as he was knight he witted well that when his father lived he was most rightful heir of all the land and should have had by reason but other kings that were of much more strength than he took from him his land ¶ And afterward this Doneband ordained him great power and conquered first all the land of Logeris a and after he would have conquered all the land of scotland and wailles: and Scat came with his men and give him battle and Rudac come again with his wales men for to help him. but so it be fell that Rudac wos killed & also Scatter in plain battle and so Doneband had the victory and conquered all the land and well maintined it in peace and in quiet that nevir before it was so well mayntined. ¶ How doneband was the frist king that ever bore crown of gold in bretan. This Doneband let make him a crown of gold and wered the crown upon his heed as never king did before and he ordyened a statut that and a man had done never so much harm and might comen in to the temple there should no man him misdo but gone there in safete and in peace and after goin to what land or country that him pleased with out any harm▪ and if any man set any hand upon him he than should lose his life. And this Doneband made the town of Malmesberi and the town also off the vice And when he had reigned well & worthily xl. year. than he died and lieth at new Troy. ¶ How Bronne and Belin departed bitweyn them the land after the death of Doneband their father and of the were be betwixt them. ANd after that this Doneband wos died: his sons that he had departed the land bitweyn them as their father had ordained so that belyn his eldest son had all the land of bretan: from humbar southward. And his brotherbrenne had all the land from humber to Scotland: but for as much that Belin had the better part Brenne therefore waxed wroth & would have had more of the land & belyn his brother would greunte him no more wherefore contake & were a roso betweyn them two. But burn the younger brother had no might ne strength ayens belyn: & therefore bren through counsel of his folk went fro thence in to norwey to the king Olsinges & prayed him of help & succour for to conquer all the land upon belin his brother upon that connaund that he would have his daughter to wise & the king Olsinges him granted. & belyn anon as his brother wos a go to norway he seized in to his hand all the land of northhumberlond & took all the castles & let them be arrayed: and keeped the costs of the see that burn should not arrive in no sied but that he war take ¶ The king ol singes let assemble a great host and delivered his daughter to burn & all the pepull that he had ordained. & this damosel Samye had long time loved a king that wos called Gutlaghen and to him she told all her counsel how that Brenne should her have & her lead with him for ever more & so he should lose her but that she might for sake bren. And when gutlagh had herd this tiding he lay for to aspy burn with as money ships as he might have so the two fletes metten to gether and long time they fought so that Brenne turned again and were discomfited And king gutlagh took Samye and put her in to his ship and burn shame fulli fled thence as a man discomfitied ¶ And this king gutlagh would have went in to his own country but there come upon him such a great tempest that ·v. days lasted so that through that tempast he wos driven in to breten with: iij. ships and no more. & though that keeped the costs on the see took Gutlagh and Samye & all his folk & them presented to belyn: & belyn put them in to preson. ¶ How Belyn drofe out of this land king Gutlagh of Denmark and Samye. HIt was not long after that burn come again with a great navy & sent to his brother belyn that he should yield again his land to his wife & his folk & his castles also: or else he would destru his land. belyn dread no thing h●s malas & would no thing do after that he had said: wherefore burn come with his folk & fought with belyn & burn was discomfited & his folk slain & himself fled with xij. men in to france And this belyn that was brennes brother went then to york and took counsel what he might do with kind gutlagh for king gutlagh proffered to be come his man and to hold his land of him yielding by year a. M. pound of silver for ever more & for sickerness of this convenyant to be holden Gutlagh should bring him good hostages & to him should do homage & all his folk And yet he should swear upon a book that it should never be broken ne saled. ¶ Belyn tho by counsel of his folk granted him his asking And so gutlagh become his man and belyn under took of him his homage by an oath & by writing the same convenantes. and upon thes covenants king Gutlagh took samie and his folk & went thence & turned again to Denmark: evermor after were the covenants holden and the truage paid till the time that Honelus was king of Denmark and also of this land through his wife Gildeburgh that he had spoused for she was the right heir of this land ¶ This belin duelled tho in peace and worshipfully him held among his barons and he made iiij· rial ways one from the Est in to the west and that was called watling street and an other from the north unto the south and that wos called Ikelme street and ij. other ways he made in bossing through out the land that on is called fosse and that other fossedike and he maintained well the good laws that Doneband his father had made and ordained in his time as before is said. ¶ How a cordment was made between Brenne and Belin through Cornewen their mother. BRenne that was Belenus brother: had long time dwelled in france and there had conquered a great lordship through marriage For he wos duke of Burgoyne through the daughter of the duke Fewyn that he had spoused that wos right heir of thee land and this burn ordained a great power of his folk and also of france and come in to this land for to fight with Belin his brother and belin come ayens him with a great poer of bretons & would tho have yeven him battle but their mother Cornewyn that though lived had herd that: that on brother would have destroyed that other and went between her sons and them made accorded with much pain ¶ So that at the last though two brethren with much bliss went to gedre in to new Troy that now is called London & there they duelled a year and after they took their counsel for to go & conquer all france & so they did: and brent towns and destroyed the land both in length & in breadth & the king of france give them battle with his poer but he wos over comen & gave truage unto Belin and to his brother. ¶ And after that they went forth unto Rome and conquered rome and all Lombary & Germani and took homage & feaute of Earls Barons & of all other: and after they come in to this land of bretan and duelled with their bretons in joy and rest and though made Brenne the town of bristol and sith he went over to his own lordship and there dueld he all his life and belin duelled atnew Troy & there he made a fair gate that is called belynges gate after his own name and when this belyn had reigned nobuly xi. year he died & lieth at new Troy ¶ How king Cormbatrus killed the king of denmark for encheason that be would not pay him his truage. ANd after this Belyn reigned his son Cormbatrus a good man & a worthy & the king of Danmark would not pay unto him his truage that is to say a. M. pound as he had sworn by oath for to pay it & also by writing record to Belin his father wherefore he wos evil a paid & wroth & assembled a great host of bretons & went in to denmark & slew the king Gutlagh & brought the land in subjection all new & took of folk feautes & homage and after went again in to his land & as he come forth by Orkeney he found thirty. ships full of men & women be side the cost of the see & the king axed what they war And an Earl that wos master of them all courteously aunsuerd unto the king & said that they war exiled out of spain & so that they had traveled half a year & more in the see to wit if they might find any king in any land that of them would have pite or mercy to give them any land in any country where in they might duel & have rest & becum his liege men & to him would do homage & feaute whiles that he lived & to his heiers after him. & of him & of his heirs holden that land And when the king this hard he had pite off them & gave them an isle all wilderness there that no man was duelling save only wild beasts and the Earl thanked much thee king. & become his man & did him homage & fealty & took all his folk & went in to the same isle. and the Earl wos called irlamall & therefore he let call the land Irland after his own name. This king Cormbatrus come again in to his land and reigned xxv. year and after he died and lieth at new Troy. Anno mund iiij M iiij C xl. Et ann xpi natintatem seven C lvi. IOathan son to Osias reigned in the iure xvi. year. Off this ioathan nothing is written of but that he took not a way excelsa os other did. ut pʐ 2ᵒ para. Amarias was bishop. And Ysoyas the nobull prophet wos in his days. Olympias with the greeks be 'gan the first year of ioathan after iosaphꝰ. & after Beda Troy wos destroyed. cccc.vi. year afore the first Olymphias be 'gan under E●alo a judge of Athens. in the which Corebus got the chevalri a monges all men. olympus is the name of an hill in Grecia. the which for his preciosnes is called the hill of god. And after jerom on Olimpias contains fulli iiij years. in the which iiij years iiij yearly pinces are made. & thes Olympiad's are places ordant to the worship of jupater undyr the hill of Olympo. And the law of them is this that who sum ever is best in any chevalri· what gift some ever he desyeres he shall have. Anno mund iiij M iiij C lvi. Et ann xpi natintatem seven C xliij. ACham the son of joathan reigned on the jews xvi year of this Acham no thing that is good is wretten. for he forsook our lord. And our lord struck him with his own pepil strongly. and with the kings of Syrri. ut pʐ 2ᵒ para. 28. Achitob this time was bishop. Ozee king of israel reigned ix. year the which be gone to regne the xij. year of Acham king off jues. This Ozee dread not god for he lived nought. And he wos the last king of isreell. and in the ix. year of his reign he was take of Salmanasar. & israell was translate in to Assirias. ut habetur 4º regum .17. Anno mund iiij M iiij C lxiij. Et ann xpi natintatem seven C xl. Rome AFter Euseby Rome was made in the hill of palatyn the iiij. year of acham king of Jews of ij brother Romolus & Remus xi. liln Maij. the seven Olympiad's beginning. josopꝰ & Beed saith the vi. Olympiades' & so they differ a year. Nevertheless it is red other men to have reigned a bout the place mightily in Italy. that is to wit janus: picus Famus Latinus the which unto Aeneas reigned about. CC. year Then afterward from Enee to this Romolus it wos reigned under. xv governors iiij C xxxij. After that fro the cite was made unto the last year of Tarquyn the prode it wos reigned under seven kings About ijC. and xliii. year. Then afterward under senators and counsellors unto julius Cesor Emperor by iiij C: lxiiij. year Romolus the first of romans of whom the be called in latin Romans made the Cite to be named Rome after his name: the which gedyrd to gedir the pepull on every side an. C. off the saage men & wit he choice. through the counsel of whom all thing he disposed the which he named sennetours for the time off their age. And he made their names to be written in goldyn letters: wherefore we writ nobull faders and things so yet· Also he called A.M. men of arms the which he named milites a nuo millenario but thes war no nobull blood. ¶ Therefore as sent Austyn saith de civitate dei And also there wos long were be betwixt the Sabyns and them for Romolus took money women of the noble blood of sabyns: and married them to that unnoble blood of this romulus Orosius write much ill. ut pꝪ in libro suo ¶ About this time Merodoch the king of babulon send great geyfties to Ezechie the king of jues. ut pꝪ 4 regum 2●. And than the kingdom of babulon begun. Anno mund iiij M lxxij. Et ann xpi natintatem vijC.xxvii. EZecheas xiv. king of jews a good child of a cursed father reigned with a perfect heart to our lord: And he restored thee house of god and theridamas was nonem like him a for ner after among the kings of jues. Therefore our lord god glorified him for when Sennacherib the king of Assuriorum came ayens Ezechye with a mighty host. our lord struck his pepull & slew. C: lxxxv of fightynh men. and Sennacherib fled shamefully. ut pʐ 4ᵒ regum 19 et 2 para. 33. Sadoch this time was he bishop ther. Anno mund iiij M vC.i. Et ann xpi natintatem vi C lxxxxviij. MAnasses king of jews reigned lv. year and he wos an ill child of a good father. for he did more cursitly than any that wos a for him. for be slew the prophets of god: that the streets in jerusalem war all bloody: And he made Ysae the prophet to be sawed in peeses with a saw of tree: wherefore the king of Assuriorum wasted the jury & took Manasses & put him in preson & after Manasses repented his trespass: & cried for mercy to our lord. and wos herd. than he was restored to his kingdom and he a mendit his life. ut pꝪ. 4. regum 21: et .2. para .33. Sellum was bishop: & Echias after him This time the seven. wisemen had worship in greek. s. Tales Solon Chylon Poriandus Eldobolus Bias Pitacus This Talus fond first the default of the son & the moan vide plura augus .8. de civitate dei. Numa the second king this time reigned in Rome xlij. year the which wos a great worshipper of falls God's he fillid Rome so full that he might have no place for himself to duel in. ¶ This man put january & February to the beginning of the of the year. vide plran in augus de ci. Aboune all reason it is marvel that sich men so exceeding in wit in all things that wos ill resedit fro the knaulegh of vera g●d Amon king of jews reigned two year the which was nought in his leaving: and he wos strekyn of his seruandis and he died with out any repentans. Anno mund iiij M v C lviii: Et ann xpi natintatem vi C xli. IOsias the son to Amon at viij year of age be 'gan to regne & reigned xxxi. year a good child of a perverse father. in his young age he sought the grace of god. And in that grace laudabully a bood till his end: his relegius life and his holy works ye may see. ●. regum .22. et 2 para. 34 Azastas the son of Elchie was bishop Tobias a bout this time died & he wos an very holy man: and he proficied the destruction of jerusalem. Tulius hostilius was the thread king in Rome. And Sent Astyn saith in his book de civitate dei. that from Rome wos made unto August the Emperor: there was so continual battle that it wos taken for a marvel and they were on year with out battle except xlij. year in Nun days in the which wos continual peace & this Tulius be cause he had rest he did cursedly to his nebrus. and then he wos slain and all his household with a stroke of ligh●īyng Nabegodonosor this time wos king of babulon a manly man and a victorius: for he was the scoourge of our lord to ponych the sins of money pepull. This man wos king of Babylon and afterward he conquered the kyndgom of assuriorum. and made it one monarch. But money way scripture spekis of this man now good and now ill And for because scripture concludes that he endyt his life in the loving of god by the prayer of Daniel & in the knaulege of one very god sum docturs sayeth he is saved & sum sayeth it is doubt. Ancus Marcius the iiij. king of rome reigned twenty-three year. This man for grace and trist that he had to Tarquinus Priscus made him the governor of his child. & airs & he ill reward him Daniel yet a child deluyed Sent susan· and s●oed in the consait of the king with his felovys and afterward he descussit the drenmies of the king: and wos made a man of great honesti ut pꝪ dan primo joathas the second son of josie reigned on the Iues iij. months & was made king by the pepull: & he wos not good. And Pharaoh took him & lead him in to Egypt & made his heldir brother kyng· ut pʐ 4ᵒ regum 23. Anno mund iiij M v C lxxxviij Et ann xpi natintatem vi C xi. IOachym or jeconyas the son of josie wos made king of jews by Pharaoh & reigned xi year. & be cause he lived nought. ne herd not the ꝓphettis Nabegodonoser took him & made him his seruand iij. year And he rebelled a yens him afterward and he took him and was about to have led him unto babulon but his counsel wos changed & so Nabegodonser killed him in jerusalem & kest his body ower the walls after the prophecy of jeromy. and took with him the vessel of our lord and put them in his temple. ut pʐ 2ᵒ para. vlt. Samias wos bishop vrias prophet was slain of jecony the king & jermoy was pnsent joachim son to jeconias reigned in the jure iij. months and lived nought & therefore a none he wos mevyt that he should regne no longer: And wos bounden and translat in to Babylon & money with him were translayt. ut pꝪ 4 regum 24. Daniel Ananyas Azarias misael ezechiel & Mardochius. all thes with joachim the king were led in to Babylon young child for be cause they were of the nobull blood Anno mund iiij M viC. Et ante ypi natintatem vi C: SEdechias the third son of josie reigned on the Jews xi. year This sedechy wos a myscheuus man in his leaving and he would not here jeromy the prophet. Therefore he ꝑyschet wrecchidli And all the jury with him. And his ●en were put out: and his childer were slain. ut pʐ 4ᵒ regum josedech the son of Azarie wos bishop. & was translayt fro Jerusalem by Nabogodonosor in to Babylon Abacuk ꝓphesyed ayenes Nabuch at babulon. & there be opinions what time this abacuk was. This abacuk brought meet to Daniel when he was put to the Lions after jerom: & here endis the fourth age & the history of regum This time the temple of Solomon wos brent of the Caldees Transmigracio Here beginnis the fift age of the world during to the Natinte of christ & Jerusalem was destroyed. this temple stood iiij C xlij. year that is to weet fro the first making the which was made the fourth year of Solomon. And fro that destruction the which wos made by Titus that is to weet xlij. year after the passion of christ Priscus torquinus the v. king of Rome reigned & he made Capit●lliū quasi caput solum For in the groaned work wos found a head with out any body as for ꝓphesy of things to cum. For there afterward the senators sat as on heed of all the world ¶ This time iij. chyldir were kest in to a fornes brynning: & with a myracull they were delivered as it it is showed in dan priᵒ Nabogodonoser the son of Nabogodonosor the mighty. reigned in Babylon This man made an hynging garden with mighty costs for his wife. and money meruelus things he did: so that he would be named to exceed Hercules in his greatness & strength Enylmerod●ch brother to the later Nabagodonoser reigned in Babylon. This man took joachim out of preson & worshippit him. and his fad●● deed body after the counsel of this man: he devidet to an hundyrth gripes lest that he should rise from death to live. Nota The play of the chess wos found of Xerse a philosophur for the correction of Enylmerodach this time the king of babulon a great tyrant the which was wont to kill his own masters and wise men. And for he durst not rebuke him oppynly. with such a witty game he procurt him to be me●ke Anno mund iiij M vi C xxxiiij. Et ann inxpi natintatem v C lxv. salathiel of the line of christ wos son to Ieco●y the king of jews the which he got after the transmigration of Babylon as Mark the Euangelest saith Servius Tulius the sext king of Rome was of a bond codetion on the mother syed: for she was a captive madyn: but she was of the nobull blood. This man had great loving: and nobly he bore him in every place iij. hellis to the cite he put & diked the walls round a bout Regusa● Sabusardach and Balthasar were brethren the which reigned on after another and wos' kings in Babuloo: and Balthasar wos the last king in Babylon the which wos slain of Darius & Cyrus· Plura vide daniel quinto. Darius' uncle to Cyro felo in the kingdom with Ciro. occupied the kingdom of Babylon Darius translatit the kingdom of babulons Caldees in to the kingdom of ꝑsarum & medorum. Cyrus was emperor thirty. year This cyrus held the monarch hoill at perses: of this man ꝓphesied Ysaias. & he destroyed babulon: and killed Balthasar the king of babulon. and he worschipped greatly Daniel. the jews he send home again that they should build the temple of god. ut pꝪ esdre primo. Babulon that strong castle was destroyed & his power was taken fro him. as it wos ꝓphesied. This wos the first cite and thee greatest of all the world. of the which incredebyll things are wreten and this that wos so strong in on night wos destroyed. that it might be showed to the power of god. to the which power all other be but a spark & dust. For it is said for sooth that it was incredabull to be made with man's hands or to be dethruyed with man's strength. whereof all the world might take an ensample. and it would or might be informyt. Tarquinus superbus was the seven. king of Rome & he reigned xxxv. year This man ꝯsaved first all thes torments which are ordained for malefacturs. as exile: p̄son weilis & galowiss. fettres & manyclys. chines & colers. & such other. There for his great pride & cruelness: god suffered him to mischief. and in what manner wise it shall by showed ¶ He had a son of the same name. the which son dofouled a worthy manys wife: they called him Collatyn. & his wife wos called Lucres. This Tarquynus that was this seventh king son afore said. come unto this ladies house. absent her howsbond to soꝑ. & to loging: and when all were a sleep he rose with a suerde in his hand: & with strength & feir he ravychid the woman. And when he wos go the next day after she send unto her father & to her husband for she was off great kin. and thus she said unto them ¶ This kings son come heder. os a freynd of whom I had no mystrist. and thus he has defilyt my chastity. and lost my name for evermore. than her friends see her weep and petuysly complain. & they comforthid her as the cold. And said it wos no villainy unto her for it was ayenes her will. she answered & sayd· yet shall there never woman excuse her by Lucres for thou she consented not to this deed: yet shall she not die with out pain: for that deed. And with that word she had a knife redi under her mantill with which she smote herself to the heart And for this cruelness and this petuus death: the pepull of Rome a rose and exiled this king for evermore: & all his progency and thus sees sit thes kings of rome & never wos none after: ¶ Of the governans of Rome till the emperors be 'gan. after this tyrant wos died. the romans ordained that there should never be king more in rome. but they would by governed fro that forth by consuls. So when those kings had reigned CC. year & xl. they made this statute that two consuls should be chosen. and they should goveren the cite & the peepull. and for this cause thes tow wor chosen: that if on of them would make any excess: thee other should govern him. For there wos no thing obeyed but if they consented both: also they should not stand in their dingnite passing on year for this cause. that for dominacio● of long time they should not usurp upon them more than wos righful. In all this time the Empire of rome was not dilatid passing xij. myell: ne had no lordship passing xij. myell The first consuls that were made the called Lucium & the other Brutum. and thes two men did great things in their time: but yet the pepull bare heavy of their domination. wherfoor the chose an other man the which should have more authority than they. & they clepeed him dictator ¶ In this same time there wos a great dissension be betwixt the pepull and the senate. wherfoor they chosin Tribunas which war judges over the pepull & defendit hem from wrong as sayeth Ysid. For the dictator when he was chose. he lasted ·v. year and the tribunas war removed every year ¶ but ye must undir stand that ye shall not have heir after all the consuls names that governed Rome be betwixt the sesing of the kings and the beginning of the emperors: for it war to long to write specially when they were every year new: sen that one man might be chosen so oft time as we red. And also for the enduring of their governance: for they were governors of Rome. vC. year & lxvij. So the most famus men of thes shall be rehearsed after the form of cronyclis. & as they stand in the book was ychon after other Incipit historia libri Esdre Anno mund iiij M vi C lix. Et ante cristi natintatem v C xl. ZOrobobell after the commandment of god founded the temple & made it perfect but it wos long after. ut pꝪ esdre. 6ᵒ. after the pepull of Jerusalem come fro babulon thes ij. ruyled Jesus' the he priest as governor: & Zorobobell as duke. And this manner of guiding was keeped unto Herodes time that the he priests should be principal: and the dukes under them. but the duke's wos ever of the tribe of iuda: after the prophecy of jacob. and under that good guiding of prestis it is not read the pepull to have recedit fro the varay truth of faith as they did afoor in the time off jews and of kings. for then money times they ran to idolatry. Esdras the priest of the kynrad of Aron this time excedid men in holiness through whose great wisdom all the jews stait was holpin Cambyses the son of Ciri reigned on the kingdom of Persarum the which commanded myghtili the temple of jerusalem should not be bildid again. his father commanded it should be byldid: This Cambyses made a cursed judge to be fleid or hilt: a live & mad his son to sit on his father skin: that through that dread he should drid falsehood and judge rightwisli ¶ This Cambyses had money names in holx scripture. in the book of Esdri Artharxerses or assuorus in historia judith: that wasdoon under him he is called Nabogodonosor for Olifernes the prince of his chivalry subdued money lands to his lord. and at the last he come unto Bethelem & theridamas wos slain of judit a woman ut pꝪ iuddith 2 et 13. Ereneides reigned in Persis half a year. Darius' reigned at the perses the which by the motion of Zorobobell commanded thee work of the tempull to be take again. & commanded his princes that on no wise they should let it. but should help it in all that they could vide plran in esdre h ᵒ: de h ᵒ tempore ambiguum pp̄ diversitatem doctorum. Circa annum mund iiij M seven C xxxiiij. Et ann xpi nati. iiij C lxv ABiuth son ●o Zorobobell of the line of christ wos a bout this tyme· for of him and of other following unto joseph nothing is had inscriptur: but that Matheu the evangelest nombris them in the genologi: And therefore the certain time of them duly cannot by knaw. Ioachim wos bishop this tin after iosophus wos called josedech under whom Jerusalem was belded again ut dicit et h ᵒ idem pꝪ Neemie 12. In the. CC.xliiij year after that Rome wos made: Thee Romans ordained two consuls in the steid of their king the which should govern one year alone lest that by tarrying they should be proud. And that the on should corec the other if he excedit or errit. Brutus wos the first Consuler and Lucius the secund. & then was there a man that was called Dictator the nome of an office the who should go with the pepull against there enemies. Titus' puphius Marcus consuls. Then after the Romans complained gretli on the condetions of the consuls. and then the power was put to ten men to an exceeding cost to the common pepull. for every on of them went like a king and need caused them to leave that dignity. And they tristed never to rest. the were was so strong against them Artharxerses was king of Persarum under whom Esdras come to jerusalem. & Neemias wos butteler to the same king whom afterward he sent to build the walls of jerusalem. Xerses reigned after him ij. months Segdianus seven months after him & lityll they did. Circa annum mund iiij M seven C lix. Et ann xpi natintatem iiij C xl ELiac him is rehearsed in the line of christ in Math. po. and more of him is not had in scripture. Esdras an holy man and a conyug and worshipfully wos had among the pepull. this man come fro Babylon with odyrr. And he moved with very cherite went again to bobulon that he might win more of Israel and saave the souls and bring them home with him. In this time he repaired the law and the holy books. the which the caldes had brent. And an happy wittynes to all the world he left in scripture. He fond new litters and lighter in faction. the which through the holy ghost fulfilled he come again to Jerusalem with a great multitude. & with the kings prevaleges that he should teach the pepull that law that he had repaired. And there he died in a good age. Neemias' an hebru butler of king Artraxerses at his lord commandment went from babulon in to Jerusalem. where he gave xij. year the leding of pepull. And the v. year he be gone to repair the yates and the walls of jerusalem: the which work he endit in ij: year and iiij months. and that with great inpedimentes. for the half of the people stowed armeid with out the Cite to withstand the pepull of odyr nations intending to destroy them. And the other part labured in arms holding in the ton hand stonies for wallis. and in the notobull odyr hon a sword or ne by it. vide plran libᵒ suo Permenides phelosophurs and namely in moral things war a bout this. Socrates a phelosophur the which undirstoed much of the power of god. & he wos Plato master. Democritus Ipotras and odi● of whom the nobull works a boode. Circa annum mund iiij M viij C ix. Et ann cristi nati. iij C lxxxx Azure is rehearsed in the line of christ in mathe primo. but nothing off his deeds is written in the scripture. Elyasib or Elysaphat succeeded joachim in the bysshoppryke. ut dicit Eusebius et magister histor Camillus wos Dictator at Rome in whose days mischievous plays were ordand that the pestelans should cease at Rome. Off thes plays Sent austin tretis diligently in reproving the falsehood of the God's. The which desired to be pleased with such writch it plays. So shamefully thes plays were used with naked men & women: that honest men ne women would not be at those plays ne yet behold them. vide plura in Augus de civitate dei. Darius' nothus reigned at the perses xix year. Plato thee divyn phelosopher: And Aristotill his discipull wos this time nobull and famus clerks. Tytus quintius was Dictator at rome: and he wos a covetous man whom Austyn de civitate dei brings in a yens covetous and prewd christian men. Gayus wos a sonetour under whom was a great battle a yens the king of Tuscorum. and viijM. men of them wor taken. Marcus valerius was an other traitor thee which with .lxM. Romans fought with the fraunshmen and had the victory and money of them killed. Artharxerses king of ꝑses called a yene to his empire Egypt. and he put Nactanabo the king in to Echeopiam & money jues in to transmigration: also he send vagosun a prince ower flumiordan to ask a yene the tribute that was for yefen to Esdra that was the seven: year rend pp sabban tree. Arsamus succedit him and reigned an year. Darius' the son of arsamy reigned with the ꝑses xxiv. year This darius was a mighty man and a bold the which asked of the Grekis a tribute. And that wos the cause of the descruction of the Monarch of ꝑsarum for it was translatit to the greeks after the prophecy off Daniel. for it is sayid that Darius brought xvC.M. fight men. whom all alexander slew. jodas the son of Elyzaphat was he bishop in Jerusalem in time of Mardachn: Iohens his son succeeded him Aristotiles the most sotell and famust Ppilosophur levied this tyme. Senocrate the most chaste phelosophur was this time with divers other more. ¶ By cause the kings of bretan next after live in piece most pte & little of them is wreten. therefore they shall be set together till it be cumin to Cassibulon king of Breton the which wos brother to Lud ANd when Crombatrus was died reigned Guentholen that was his some a man of good conditions & well-beloved & he governed the land well and wiseli and he reigned xxvi. xere and after he died and lieth at new Troy. ¶ How king Seisell reigned and well governed the land after guentholen. ANd after this Guentholen reigned his son Seissel well & wortheli & well governed the land as his father had done before him & he reigned xv. year and died and lieth at new Troy. ¶ How Kymor reigned after seissel his father and he begat Howan that reigned after his father in piece. ANd after seissel reigned his son Kymor well & nobli nineteen. year in piece and then afterhym reigned howan his son x. year and then he died and lieth at Ikaldoune. ¶ How king Morwt died through mischance through a best. AFter this howon reigned Marwith & become so wicked & so stern till at the last great vengeance come to him. for as he went upon a time by the see side he meet a great best that was black & horibull & hideus & he weaned that it had been a whale of the see & bent an arblast & would have slain that best with his quarrel but he might not smite him And when he had shot all his quarrels the best anon come to him in a great hast and him devoured a life and so he died for his wickedness through vengeance of god after that he had reigned ix. year. ¶ Of Grandobodian that was morwith son that made Cammbregge. AFter that this Morwith wos died the Bretens crosned Grandobodian his some: & this grandobodian long time reigned in goodness & made tempuls & tounies & this grandobodian made the town of Cambregge & the town of Grauntham & wos well beloved of rich & poer for he honoured the rich & helped the poer. this Grandobodian had iiij. sonnis Arthogaile Hesidur Higamus & Petitur & when he had reigned xi. year he died & lieth at new troy ¶ Of Artogaill that wos grandobodians son how he wos made king & seethe put down for his wikkednes. AFter Grandobodian reigned his son Artogaill v. year & he become so wicked & so stern that the britons would not suffer him to be king but put him down & made Hesidur his brother king & he by come so good & merciabull that men him called king of pit ¶ And when he had reigned v. year he had so great pit of his brother Artogaill that was king before. & anon he forsook his dignity & took his brother the crown again: & made him king ayens all the britains will ¶ And afterward Artogaill become so good of condition that he was well-beloved of all the land for he become so bonair & free and did right & reason to all manner of men and he reigned vi. year and died and lidth at grantham. ¶ How Hesidur wos made king after the death of his brother AFter the death of Artogaill the britons crowned an other time Hesidur but his ij. bred Higamus & Petitur had of him great spite & scorn and ordained them help for to were upon the king there brother and so they took him an put in to prison the second year of his reign & they departed all the land be betwixt them both but higamus live but seven. year & tho had petitur all the land & he made the town of Pickering. How the Britons come and took Hesidur out of prison & made him king the third tyme. ANd when this petitur was died bretans took hesidur anon & made him king the third time and though reigned he impees xiv. year and after he died and lieth at Karleill. How xxxiij. kings reigned in peace each after oder raft the death of hesidur AFter the death of hesidur reigned xxxiij kings ich after other in peace & with out any long tarrying I shall tell them all and how long each of them reigned as the stori telleth ¶ The first king of the xxxiij. was called Gerbodia & he reigned xii year and after him reigned Morgan ij. year and after him reigned Cighnus vi year: & after him reigned Idwalan viij year & after him reigned Rohugo xi. year & after reigned voghen xiij year and after him reigned Catill xv year and after him reigned Porex ij year and after him reigned Cherin xvij year: and after him reigned coil xij. year and after him reigned Sulgenis xiv year and after him reigned Esdad xx: year and after him reigned Andragie xvij: & after him reigned urian v. And aftei him reigned Elind ij. year And after him reigned Eldagan xv year and after him reigned Claten xii year and after him regnid Ouirgunde viij year and ofter him reigned Mortan vi year and after him reigned Bledagh iij year and after him reigned Caph i. year And after him regnee Gen ij year and after him reigned Seysell & king Bled xxii year And king Tabreth xi year and Archinall xiv year: and Croll thirty year: and Rodingu xxxij year and Hertir v year & Hanipir vi. year & Carpour seven year and Digneill iii. year & Samuel xxiv year & Rede ij. year & Ely seven. months this Ely had three sons Lud Cassibalan & Enemyon. ¶ How Lud wos made king after the doth of Ely his father. AFter the death of Ely reigned Lud his son & governed well the land and much honoured good folk & tempered & amended wicked folk This lud loved more to duel at Troy then in any other place of the land wherefore the name of new troy was left and though wos the cite called Ludstone But the name is changed through variance of letters and now is called London And this king made in the cite afayr gate & called it ludgate after his name & the folk of the cite are londeneres and when he had reigned xi: year he died and lieth at London & he had two young sons that oon wos called Andraghen and the other Tormace. but they could nether speak ne go for youngth and therfur the Bretans crowned a strong knight that was called Lud that was Cassibalamus brother & made him king of bretane now called Englond. Circa annum mund iiij M viij C lxxxiiij Et ann xpi nati. ij C xv. SAdoch of the line of christ is numbered in math po. but inscript there is no more mention of him jadꝰ the son of Iohn was he bishop in Jerusalem. This time king alexander reigned the which wos wroth with the pepull of Jerusalem: & come to the cite: Then jadꝰ arraed in his pontifical ornaments ran to meyt him: & he sodanly wos pleased & worshipped the bishop. and with peace & joy entered the cite: & he made to be brought to him the book of Daniel: & the ꝓphesis to be exponed to him: the which was spoken of him & that done. he joyed strongly for all thing the which he had herd by the drem in due ordir wos fulfilled. & it wos likely to him: that he should be the same person. of whom daniel ꝓphesied. & of that he took more hardiness to fight with Darius king of ꝑsarum. and he did the sacrafis. & commanded the jews to ask what they would have: & he granted that they should keep there own laws & at the seventh year should be with out tribute. vide mrm in histo. The host of Alexander as Orosius saith wos xxxij M of foot men. and iiij M horse men. and schippes. C.lxxx. And it is uncertain whether it is more marvel that he should conquer all the world with so little a power. or how that ever he durst go upon them with so lityll a power And there was of alexander & his host slain thee king of ꝑsarum. Et ut orosius dicit quinquies decies centena milia. Enias' the son of jadi wos bishop after his father Manilius Papirius & Fabius were consuls at Rome This papirius whhen he wos a child he was very wisse. & he feigned money a fair losing that he might keip his master counsel & the senators. & when he can to a man. he wos so nobull a werur: that when the Romans dread Alexander he was chosen to go a yenes' him. & of the God's he chargit not. but he scorned & rapreved the God's: saying afore that unhappy things should fall: & that to his great loving holy docturs saith. Incipit Monarchia grecorum et cessat monarchia persarum. King Alixandre this time be gone to be lord of all thee world: and he wos called great alexander for his great victory the which he had in so little tyme. it wos an evident judgement of the wroth of god: ayens sinners of that tyme. certanly sum myraculs our lord did for him in helping of his power: for the se of Pamphilicon wos divided to him: as in old time the reid se to the Jews when he pursecutit darium. Also at is prayer the hills of Caspij war schit: that certain of the cursed Jews might never come ●wt. but at the last in babulon with venum he was poysumt and died: the xxxiij. year of his age. And the v. year of his monarch. the xij. year of the kingdom of macidon. Nonnd that when Alexander was died those xij. to whom he devydet his kingdom might not a cord. And then by gone infenite batellis. and at the last iiij· obtained all the kingdom. vide plran in orosio. Anno mund iiij M ix C ix. Et ante xpi natintatem. Cc.ix AChym of the line of christ son to Sadoch is nombreid in Mathe prio. & of him his no more had inscripture Simon wos bishop this time an holy man and also rightwise he wos named of the pepull. Eleazarus wos bishop after simon This man send to Ptholameo king of Egypt lxxij. learned men of every tribe sex to interpret the law of the Jews. the which translatit from hebru in to greek through a great myracull that so moni men should in lxxij. days translate all holy scripture with on accord vide augus de civitate dei. Dolobela Emilius Marcus Curius Genutius this txme were counsellors at Rome. This dolobela conquered Sammtes and after money battles had. And Marcus subduit Epirotas and killed xxiijM. of his men and then fled king Pirro the which king send unto him for peace & offyrring unto him great yefts And then this Consul answered & said there shall no battle cause me to i'll. nor no money corrupt me. for I had liefer command richmen to do this & this. then be rich myself ¶ Tonutius sobduit the cite of Argivorum: and a legion of rome knights he send to rome: & caused them to be betyn oppynly in the meddis of thee marketh for they had them not leefully to the court of rome. for thee law was then keeped so stratly at rome: that and they failed to do their due obseruans in virtue: they should be penychid. Thes romans & money afore and after war the most nobull men after the worldis honesty that might be. and in all manner of vertu circumspectt as holy dacturs saith. that they put thor sampuls to christian men: but not the intention for they lacked the key of faith: Incipiunt reges Egipti quia al● non pt fin continuation: & intexuntur reg sirie Ptholomus Philodolphus this time was king in Egypt. This philodolphus was the very worshipper of on god. and full gracius to the jues. of whom xx M and C he delivered out of captivity and that he did that he might pleese the god of israel. of whom he had herd the marvels. and his law he desired to have. ner it might not be translayt in to no other language: but of devote men. and that with a dew reverens and a solemnity. certan men attempt to have written it amongs the gentile stories: whom the plague off god stroke till they repented. This king send unto Eleazar the bishop send to him learned men the which he did gladly. vide plura in magistro historio. Anno mund iiij M ix C lix. Et ante criste nantivitatem ij C xl. ELiud of the line of christ got Eleasar as it is opyn in math primo. And more in scriptures not had of him. Onias' bishop was son to Simon Simon was bishop after him the which was a very relegius man. he reform the temple of god in to better: and encressid the cite of Jerusalem with money other good things Senꝓmus Appyus Claudius Gueus Gaius Artilius regulus Einliꝰ Fabius this time war ceneturs at rome This Semꝓmus fought ayens the country of Piccntes: & almost the chivalry on both the ꝑtes war slain except a few Romans that left alive & subdued the country Appius Claudius subdued Syracusanas & the country of Penos & put great tributis to them Artilius Regulus a nobull cenytour owercome iij. kings. & lxxiij. citeys' subduit And a dragon of a. C.xv. foot he killed. afterward when he wos over cruel against his emnies & denying to yef them pese. but if they would pay a mighty tribute. they almost being in a despair fought ayenest him: and over come him & his host & took him. and nevertheless yet they would fain have had peace but this most faithful man had liefer die in pains great them to yef rest & peace to curset pepull. his loving scent Augus hogely exaltis Emulius fabius & gaius would have delivered Regulus but the obtained not. Ptholomeas eugites this time wos king of Egypt a victorius prince & a mighty: this man subdued Syriam & Ciciliam & the most part of asia and took their God's & brought them in to his country. Ptholomeus Philopater son to Eugetes reigned in Egippt xvij. year. This man fought against ij. brother. s. Seleneun & great Anthiocum & he ꝓstatit money a M. but nevertheless he pualit not. vide plran in iohen super daniel Hannibal the most cursed king of Penorum or of Affricanorum mightily hated the Romans: for he destroyed them almost to the uttermast end & near the cite of rome he destroyed. and so money noble men of Romans he killed at on time: that iij. bushel of goldī rings he drow of their fyngeres. Also in acertayn water of the slain bodies of thes romans: he made as it were a brige that his host might pass: and at the last Cipio the noble senytour direckid his host to him: and scumfited him and almost Cipio host off Romans war slain. Lucatius consul Symꝓnyus valerius Fulnius lutinus gaius & Scipio reuled at Rome. this time the romans had peace on year alone and it wos taken for a myracul that they had so long rest. for afoor this time in iiij C & xl. year the Romans had never rest. Thes consuls when the year wos done congregatit all the strength of Ytaly and they had in their host viijM. armed men. for dread of the frenchmen whom they dread strongly: and afterward the romans subdued them. Epiphanes the son to Philopator reigned in egypt xxiv. year Cleopatra daughter to great Anthiocus wos his wife Antiochus magnus this time reigned at Syrry the which did much mischief to the jews. ut pꝪ math. Onias' this time wos bishop in jerusalem this Onias for the tyrannyde of Antiochus fled with money jews in to Egypt fening him to fulfil the prophecy of isaiah 19 that is to weet to build the temple. but in that he sinned for he said other wysse than he thought. The king of Egypt graciosly received him and gaff him the land of Helipolees and there he bild his temple Simon his son was bishop at jerusalem after that his father was fled. Circa annum mundi u·m. xxxiiij. Et ann xpi ntintem. C. lx.v ELeasar of the line of christ was a bout this time of him no thing is written in scripture but that math. numbers him. ut pꝪ primo. Onias Pius was to the Jews bishop this time an holy man. & well-beloved with god and man. and not alonli with good men: but ill men also. at the last unrightwisely was slain of Andronito· ut pʐ 2ᵒ Machabeorum. 4ᵒ Paulus Therencius: Scipio Affricanus: this were senetous at Rome. thes ij. ereckyt an host a yenest Hannibal & theridamas almost the romans hoop died for theridamas wos slain xliiij. M. romans. And this nobull man Cipio offricanus brought a yene the state of the Romans pepull the which stood in a desspare ever to have rekovered. for he fought with Hannibal manleli and scumfited him. all spain he over come. all Affricam he subduet. great Antiochus he brought to be his fundament. all Asiam he made tributary to the remans' This man so nobull & so victorius by his own unkind country was owtlayed & there he died Philometor the son of Epiphanes of Cleopatra reigned in egypt xxxv. year. this king yet a child nobull Antiochus hogely oppressit with money dissaytes. but the romans sent legates the which commanded antiaco that he should sese of his tyrannyde a yen him. And Marcus publius made a cerkill a bout Antiochi thus saying The senators of Rome & the people commandith the that thou go not out of this cerkell till thou have anwsar to this matter This antiochus seeing that he might not continue his tyranyde said if it be thus commandid me of the senator & romans pepull. I must nediss turn again. & so wooed anger he was that he lost the siege of Alexander & turned to the poer relevys of the jews venging him upon them: be cause he might not venge him an no mightier pepull. utꝫ in liᵒ machabeorum primo et 2ᵒ. MAthathias an holy man & of all loving most worthy hated in his heart & conversation all sinners: alonely tristing in our lord god of israel. utꝫ pri o macha. 2ᵒ And this man had v. sons of the same love unto god. This man wos not bishop in israel. but his iij. sons were. judas machabeus wos bishop iij. year and he wos son to Mathathias. This macabeus was the most named man that ever wos in israel. the which had never none like him afore ne after. he wos in battle a mighty man. and offered him to die a martyr for the laws of god: jonathas his brother succedit him nineteen. year the which grew in virtue & governed & steadfast stood in the lawis of god: and after falsely was slain of Criphone & ij. of his sons. plran vide iuda et frem eius libro macha. Antiochus Epiphanes son to Antiochus the mighty this time was king of Syrry. this man from the heed unto the fort with in & with out all was cursed. And therefore he was figured to antecrist. money martyrs cruelly he made. and falsely he disposed him to entyr in to Egypt as his father did but he obtained not. For the romans letted him. his most unhapy works. & how he wos in hostage at Rome: & how the ꝓphesi of daniel is completed in him ye may see in the book of machabeorum. Qvintus Flaminius. Marchus Catho. Thiberius Graccus were senators of Rome. this time was so contiunall and so much battle. that learned men of gentiles and off the true faith both were weary to writ the acts or have them in mind in the which batellis men marveled greatly on the steadfastness of the Romans. that no tribulation no dread no herdnes might fear them but ever contynuid in battle. And certanly thes Romans after the worldis honesty they were the most wise men that were. And therefore the Machobees desired their company. Circa annum mund v M lix. Et ante xpi natintatem. C·xl. MAthan son to Sadoch of the line of christ got jacob. ut pʐ Math .1o. Simon son to Mathathias was bishop viij. year This simon was a very wise man: and from his youth until his age wos ever of good conversation ever more vertuus. & at the last he was slain of his brother Elay. ut pʐ pri o machabeo. johannes Hyrcanus' son to Simon wos after his father xxix year. a nobull man as all the kindred was be fore him This man after his decease left his wife a very wysse woman And his .v. sons to govern the jury. of whom the holdest wos called Aristobolus an unpatient man and an unhappy. His own mother with three of his younger brother he presenit. and slew them through hunger: and so a loin he lived king and bishop on year. vide plura libro machabeorum: Publius Lucinius Lucius Emilius▪ Lucius Lucinius Lucius Censorinus. were consuls at Rome: in whose time the Cartagines and the Romans wered strongly: but the romans sabduit them intending to have destroyed the Cartagines utterly. but among the Romans there wos a notable wisse man calldd Cipio nauta. and among money notable consellies two he give specealli to be had in mind: The first that Cartago should not be destroyed. that thurght the occasion of forand batellis. a inward concord should a bide among the Romans. and a perpetual strength for continual exorcize of battle The second that in no wise the teathur should be belde in Rome for he said that was the most enemy that might be to the pepull that used were. for that place nuryched sloth. and provoked lechery And how wisely this notable man gave counsel. the times following declare. vide plura in augus de civitete dei et oro. libro quarto Yet for all this counsel that nobull cite of Cartagie wos destroyed of Cipio and the senators: and it brent xvij. days continually. money men there were sold: and money men ran in to the fire willely ¶ Corinthus this same year wos destroyed of thee romans: the which wos the richest country of the world. Ptholomeus this time reigned in Egypt. and was famulier with thee romans. And so long he and his predicessurs reigned as they keeped fidelity to the romans. and knaw every man that there was no other cause that the power of the romans increased so strongly a bown odir pepull. but virtue the which abundantly reigned in them and nomli rightwiseness: the which a bown all thing they used. And as long as they keeped mesurnes and loved rightwiseness. so long they were never over comen. And as soon as they were corrupped. it is red they were ever owercomen: Hit is had in a certain revelation of god showed to Sent Bridget that our lord god beris witness to thes oold Romans: that noon in this world of puer natural reason lived more rightwisly. And what lyghttis of faith they showed in the time of cristyn relegion shall by showed afterwerd. Regnum judeorum restituitur. ARistobolus wos the first king and priest in the jury: This man reigned on year a loin. and took to him the dyame of the kingdom: And he held him not content with that that his father gave him in his testament. but he put his mother in preson: and his bread: & therefore he periched wrechidli with his brother antigonus the which wos of his counsel and helpet him. vide mrm in historiis ¶ Antigonus brother to the king wos slain through the envy of the queen Alexander wos bishop after aristobolus and he stood xxvij. year And he wos all a tyrend. all though he appeared sobur in the beginning. but he made it knawyn what he wos in his stomoke· for he slew his own bred: and in xij. year he slew l M of the old saage fathers of great virtue. be cause they told him his mysgyding: Then when he shuldie head left ij. sons behind him Hircanum & Aristobolun: but certanly he said his wife should regne for she stood in the grace of the pepull. servius Flaocus Lucius Celius Fabius Publius. this time were senators at rome this time battles among themself be 'gan. of the which the first cause & the beginning wos Graccus a mighty man well knawyn with nobull romans: by 'gan to seek a cause a yenes them. And be cause that he might do nothing a loin to them. he moved the common pepull to them saying: that all the lands & possessions should be divided equally: & also the money etcc. And for that cause there was an insurrection in the which Graccus wos slain. & money mischievous fell after vide orosium ¶ In the time of thes men there wos a child born at Rome having iiij. feet iiij arms ij facesse & iiij een. The hill of Ethna spitted out flaming fire horobli. & destroyed the places ne about it. ¶ & thes men bearing rule Cartago was commandid to be restored: & it wos fulfilled of the romans pepull & there was myhhty battle in the cite of rome ¶ Fabius with a little host owercome the king of Armenia. & there were drynched a C lxxxM. in the water of reme. Ptholomeus Alexander wos king in Egypt In his time wos borne Lurecius a poeyd the which afterward wos mad for love of women & slew himself Ptholomeus son to Cleopatra reigned after him under whom Salustius the nobull writer of histories wos borne Ptholomeus dionisius wos after this man And in his time virgyll and Oracius were borne. Anno mund v M C thirty iiij. Et ann xpi natītatēCv. Jacob natural father to joseph of the line of christ is rehersit in Luke and Mathe: And little of him is had inscriptur Alexandra wife to Alexander wos bishop in the jury ix yer And she did much tyrannyde. all yef she wos made bishop by her senyt holy relegion. & Hircanum her son she ꝓmotit to the bisshoprik & she ordant that he should regne after her ¶ This woman in the line of the bishops is put for the cownting of the years. not at she used the office of a bishop: for it wos not leeful to her. Hircanus son to Alexandra reigned xxxiij year. This Hircanus after their decease of his mother succedit in the kingdom. In the which he had lytill ꝓsperite for ꝑcialite of the pepull. for anon he wos owercumen and afterward he wos restored through the help of the Arabees. & then he was made trubutari to the romans. & so he was in pierce a little tyme. but not in the name of king. at the last he died wretchedly for he was beguiled through the fraud of Parthorum. the which antigonus hired against him. vide plene mrm histori ¶ The hereci of the Pharaseys a bout this time began: And among them war iij. sektis in the jury Pharasey Saducey & Essey all thes were divided fro the common use of the jues. & were inseckt with money errors. for they said that they were holier than other men for they lived stratlyer than other men did. vide plus alias. Virgil the most excellent of poetis was magnified this time & marvelous things he did And among other when that Neopol was vexit with dethly pain of mighty worms. virgil kest an worm made of gold in to a pond or a water and it lay a certain season ther. And when it was take up in to the town all the cite was full of worms. & till the worm of gold was put in to the water again. they had infinite worms: and when it was in the water all the worms went their way ¶ Also it is written in the croniclis of Rome that virgil by cunning condensit or thicked the air so that he walled his garden with the air. & he made a brige of the air by the which he mygh pace ever time that he list: also he asked marcellun Neopolicanun nephew unto the emperor if he would have a bride taught to kill all birds: or a i'll taught to drive all fleys out of the cite And this marcel showed this to the Emperor. and he desired to teach a i'll to kill all fleys. for the common pepull were sore avexed with fleys. and money other meruellis he did. vide mrm radulfun cistern. Oracius Flaccus & Salustius Crispus historicus were this time Quintus Cipio Gaius Lucius this time war consuls at rome Pompeus Marcus Crassus and julius Cesar this tin wor dictates at rome. for as it is said afore their was moni dygnites in rome of the who sum dureth on year. sum ij. year And among all the dignities the Dictator's excedit. for itduret vyer but when the common pepull & the lordshipis of rome encresing were made iij. dictator's And this time wos Pompeus julius & Marcus Crassus dictator's And because Pompeus wos of great honour and aged he boed at rome to keep the common pepull of Rome. Marcus crassus wos send to believe & fight with the region of Perthus & through treason he wos taken & slain julius cesar wos send to the west part of the world to subdue them. and he had with him seven. legions of pepull and when that he had subduit Lumberdi & France his v. year were spendid the which were assyngned te him & no longer. There by his own authority he took other v. year on him: in the who he subduid Cassibolon the king of Bretan and the fraunche men that rebeled against him This same julius after he had conquered thes countries. unto rome he roed again for to be received with certain worship as conquerors wor befoor him. but it wos denied him: and also the entry of the cite. by instigation of a lord called Pompay. Wherefore this julius cesar wos a noyed and with for'rs of might entired the cite. & rob the common treasure. And led it with him. and departed it among the v. legiones that were his servants. Then went he in to spain to fight again this Pompoy: for pompay had the governans of cartago. but after that journey in Itali pompay & he counterd together in the which battle pompay fled unto the king of Egypt: and that same king for special love that he had unto this julius cesar. smote of pompays head and send it unto julius cesar. yet for all the enmity that was be betwixt thes two. julius weppid when that he saw this pompayes heed. This julius was exceeding in wit afore other men and he fought in battle lij. times. this man aloyn excedit Marcus crassus the which is said to have fought xxxix. times This man took first the empire of Rome a 'pon him when Pompay & other nobull men of the romans were slain. And at the last the v. year of his Empire this julius cesar the ruler of all this world was slain in the counsel house through treason of his lords. Cathon the most named Phelosopher seeing julis cesar have the victori whom he favoured not. at a town called uticam slew him self. juxta illud ¶ Mawlt cato mari: quam deroget urbis honori. but for that after augustyn he wos not excused of sin ¶ This time the jury was trebutori to the romans for ꝑcialyte of ij. brethren. s. Aristobolus and Ercanus both of them for envy of odirkest them to the Romans that they might regne. ¶ This time iij sons appeared in heaven toward the est part of the world the which be lytill and little were brought in to on body A great sign it wos. that Africa. Asia & Europa should be brought in to on Monarch. and that the lordship of Anthom the senetour and Lucus Antonij should turn in to on lordship Marcus Cicerio Tulyus the most excellent retrition wos consul of Rome this tyme. ¶ How that the Bretons granted unto Cassibolan that wos Ludd brother the land. In whose time iulyus cesar come twice for to conquer the land of bretan: AFter the death of king Lud reigned his brother Cassibolon and become a good man and much belowed of his bretons so that for his goodness and courtesy they granted him the ream for evermore to him and to his airs. And the king of his goodness let norisch worthily both the sons that wos Ludis his brother: and after made the eldest son earl of cornwall & the youngest son he made earl of London And while this king cassibulon reigned come julius cesar that wos Emperor of Rome in to this land with a power of romans and would have had this land through strength: but Cassibalon over come him in battle through help of the bretons and drofe him out of this land and he went again to rome and assembled a great power an other time and come again in to this land for to give battle to Cassibalan but he wos discomfitied through strength of the britons and through help of the earl of cornwall and the earl of London his brother and through help of Gudian king of scotland and corbond king the king of north walls and of Bretaill king of South-Wales: & in this battle wos slain Nennon that wos cassibolams brother wherefore he made much sorrow And so went julius cesar out of this land with a few of Romans that were left on live And though Cassibalan went again to London & made a fest unto all his folk that though him had helped and when that this fest was done. there every man went in to his own country. ¶ Of the debate that wos bitwix cassibolom an the Earl of London & of the truage that was paid to Rome. ANd after it befell thus upon a day that the gentlemen of the kings household and gentlemen of the Erles household of london after meet went in fere for to play and through debate that arose among them: Enelyn that wos the earls cozen of London kyiled Irenglas that wos the kings cousin wherefore the king swore that Enelyn should be hanged but the Earl of London that was Enelyns lord would not suffer him wherefore the king was greatly vexed and wroth toward the Earl and thought him to destru & privily the Earl sent letters to julius cesar that he should come in to this land for to help him & him a venge upon the king & he would help him with all his might And when that the Emperor herd this tidings: he was full glad & ordained a strong power and come a yene the third time in to this land: and the Earl of London help him with vijM. men and at the third time was Cassibalon over comen and discomfited and made peace to the Emperor for iijM. pond of silver yielding by year for truage for this land for ever more. And then half a year after passed the Emperor weent unto rome and the earl of London with him for he durst not abide in this land. and after Cassibolan reigned xvij. year in peace & though he died the xvij. year of his reign and lieth at york. ¶ How that the lords off the land after the death of Cassibolan and for encheason that he had no heir made Andragen king AFter the death of Cassibolon for as much as he had none heir of his leeful body begottyn: the lords of the land by the comyns asent crowned Andragen Earl of cornwall and made him king and he reigned well and worthily and he wos a good man and well governed the land and when he had reigned viij. year than he died and lieth at London. Circa annum mund vM.C.lix. Et xpi nativitatem xl. joseph of the line of christ about this time wos borne and after wos husband unto our lady Antigonus was bishop this time in the jury. This Antigonus was son unto Aristoboly. and on every side he was false. for he obeyed not to the Romans and a great plague he brovaht unto the land for to destroy Hircanus his uncle that he might regne king And so Hircanuu was expulsed. and Falelus wos kylled· and Herod was flemyd. but when Herod come vnte Rome and told to the senators all thes things. The Emperor creatit him king sending with him an host the which took Jerusalem. And Antigonum the bishop taken led to Anthony the senetour the which made him sekyr. And so wos Herod confirmed in to his kingdom. & he a strange reigned on the Jews. And so the kingdom of the Jews seized as jacob had said. Titus livius historicus and Ovidius were this tyme. Incipiunt imꝑatores augusti ●et dictus est Augustus quia augebat populum. Octavian wos emperor of rome lvij. year vi. months and x. days. This Octavian nephew to july when he wos a young man took the Empire upon him. His floriching youth he spend in were .vM. battles he did. And chortly after money battles he brought all the world in to on monarch: This man had no fellow: And in his days peace was in all the world through the provision of the very god: that the temporal peace might glorify the nativity of our saviour christ Jesus. This Octavian wos the fairest man that might be. and hegh in wit: the most fortunate in all things: and he lacked not the vice of his fleshly lust This man made all the world to be measured. and the lij year of his regne was our lord Ihesu christ borne the saver of this world: the which granteth eternal peace to his lovery ¶ Hic nota second ieroimmun. that Anna and Emeria were sistirs. and of Emeria wos borne Elezabeth mother to Iohn baptist: & she wos fy●st wedded to jochym of whom she took Mari mother of christ ¶ The second husband wos Cleaphe: & he got on her Maria Cleaphe the which wos wedded to Alphe. of whom procedid jamys the less Simon Cananeus. judas Taddeus & joseph the which is called Barsabas ¶ The third time anna wos wedded to Salome. of whom she took Mari salome. the which was wedded to Zebedi. & of them come iamis the more and iohn the Evangelist. the first Mary wedded joseph brother to Cleaphe afore said. ¶ This time Sibilla tiburtina ꝓphesied of christ And said to the emperor august that he should not trow that he was god after the fulychnes of the paynims. And there she showed him a fair virgin in heaven holding a child in her arms & said to him: This child is great them tho. & therefore do him worship: ¶ The Monch of Rome a bout this time mightili increased And when it wos so that by all the world in diverse ꝓuynsis batiles were razed sodanli all men meruelling. they wersesid: & put them holly to the prince of rome. that opynly it might be showed: that such a universal piece come never by labur of battle. but of the power of the very god. That in his nativity piece should regne in all the world Herod Ascolonita wos king in the jury xxxvij year This Herod ydumeus wos the first strange king that reigned on the jews: The master in historiis says he wos a nobull man and faithful in the beginning. and in all thing he had him nobly. He was very gentle unto the romans and to the pepil that loved piece. And in his old age: when he would awr mickle pleese the Romans. And herd of the birth of christ. dreading to be expulsit of his kyndoom as a stranger wrycchitly he fell and killed the Innosentis and diverse of his own childer. And at the last wos hatfull to all pepull. and fell seek and died wretchedly ¶ Mari the mother of christ was borne afore ethe nativity of christ. xvi year. or there a bout. ¶ Of Kymbalyn that wos Androgeus' son a good man and well governed the land of Bretan. AFter the death of Androgen reigned Kymbalin his son that wos a good man and well governed the land in much prosperity and peace all his lives time and in his time wos borne Ihesu christ our saviour of that sweet virgin Marie This king Kymbalin had ij. sons Guidar & Armoger good knights and worthy and when this king Kymbalyn had rogned xxij. year than he died and lieth at London. Xpns' natus est ex virgine maria. anᵒ mund v M C lxxx xviij. IN the beginning of the xlij. year of Octavian the Emperor the which be 'gan to regne in marrhe. And the xxxi. year of Herod. seven C li year after that room was belded The sext month from the consaving of Iohn Baptist the viij. kalend of April. The sixth fery. at Nazareth of galalee of the virgin Mari wos ꝯsaved christ our savour. & the same year was borne. natus est Here beginneth the sext age during to the end of the world And thee thread wos called Agrippa: son to aristoboly son to the first Herod: the which killed jamys and presenyd Peter ¶ The first Herod when he saw his sons Alexium: and aristobolem through the pretense of his letter by the Emperor send. strive for the succession off his kingdom. He disposed and made Antipatron that wos his first be gotten some to be by for them. and when they were talking of the death of their father. he kest them away. & they went to the Emperor to complain of the wrong of their father ¶ And in thee meyn time the iij. kings of Colan come by Herod unto jerusalem. And when that they come not a yene by him. he thought that they war ashamed for to come again by him for be cause that they were dessaved and that they fond not the child as he trowed. Therefore in the meynseson he ceased to kill the chyldyr off israell. And than he went unto Rome for thee citation of the Emperor: and he took his way by the cite of Tarsum. where he brent the ships in the which the iij. kings of Colan should have sailed in to their own country. ¶ Then after a year and certain days: this Herod come fro rome a yen●e. acorded with his sons. and for the confirmation of his kingdom he wos made much boldyr. And then he killed all the chyldir of Bethelem that were of ij. year of age and undir· that had space of on night of age. and among thes was there oon of his own childer. And Aristobolus and Alexium were had suspeckyt. In so much as they promised a barber a great reward that he should take an●●ut their faders throat when that he did him shave. And when this Herod herd this he was grieved: & there he killed bothee his sons. and herod agrippa his son. he ordand to be king. wherfoor Antipater his holdest son wos a bout for to pusyn his father the which Herod agrippa undyr stowed: and presenit there his brother the which the Emperor herd and said that he had leveyr be an hog off Herodes then for till be on of his sons. For his hogs he sporeth. and his sons he kyllis. And when that Herod wos lxx. year off age He wos strikyn with a great sickness in his hands and in his feit and in his membres that no leech might come to him for stink and so died So Antipater his sune in prison herd tell this: and joyed greatly. And therefore that cause he wos slain ¶ Then stroffe Archelaus an Herodes for the succestion of the first Herod: a fore the emperor The Emperor their through counsel of the senators: the half of the iuri & idumya gaffe to Archelaus. under name of a tetrarch. The other partte he divided in to too: Galali he gave to herod antippe. And Iturian and Traconitiden he gave to Philippe herod's brother ¶ And that same year christ come from Egippt: & Archelaus was accused money times of the Jews: and was exiled in to viennam in to france. & in that place were set iiij: tetrarchs to the reproving of the instabulnes of the jews ¶ And that same yer Octovian the emperor died Anno Cristy xij. INRI. Crux xpi. Petrus Credo in deum patrem omnipotentem creatorem celi et terre Andreas Et in ihesum xpm filium eius unicum dominum nrm johannes Qui conceptus est de spiritu sco natus ex maria virgine jacobus Passus sub poncio pilato crufixus mortuus et sepultus Thonas Descendit ad inferna tercia die resurexit a mortuis jacobus Ascendit ad celos sedet ad dexteram dei ptīs omnipotentis Philippus Ind venturus est. judicare vivos et motuos Bartholous Credo in spiritum sanctum. Matheus Sanctam ecclesiam catholicam. Simon Sanctorum commumonem remissionem peccatorum. judas Carnis resureccionem Mathias Et vitam eteernam Amen. IHesu christ our saiveour rose from death to live and said to his discipules all the power in heaven and earth is given unto me. And go ye thus in to all the world and preach and teach wn to every creature. And I shall be with you to the end of thee world ¶ Her he chose him lxxij discipules. And he had xij apostles the which he send in to all the world to preach. ne it is not red that there war more orderis among the discipuls of christ. Of whom thee presties and bishops in the church of god yet keep the form. for to the appostill: the bishops succeed. and to the discipuls prestis. to the which ij. ordirs all the church is given as a godly gerarche. ut patet in decreto Damasie pape. johens wrote in Asia in greek language In principio erat verbum etcc. Lucas wrote in grecia in greek language Fuit in diebus herodis regis Jude sacerdos etc Marcus wrote in ytalia but in greek language. Initium evamgeliis ihu cristi etcc Matheus wrote in the jury in hebru language. Liber generaconis Jesus cristi etc. ¶ Her beginneth the ordir of popes of Rome: and continuys as the line of christ did afoor. for in th● god l●st hi● 〈◊〉. Anno domini xxxiiij. PEtur a Jew the first pope wos a blessed man and a glorius postyll of christ: he wos heed of the church after jerom xxxvij year. And he held his bisshoprik in the est v. year and said mass he made our lord and alone said the pater noster ¶ Then after he come to Anthiociam. and there he a boed seven year teaching the way of trowth. and Simon magus he flemed a way. that season he preached to the pepull that were circumsisit the who were in ponto of galati. Capadecia. Asia Bithynia ¶ Then he herd that Simon magus deludit the romans. through the lufe of the faith he come to Rome in the iiij year. of Claudius the emperor. and there he preached the word of god. and showed the falsed of Simon magus. and turned money aman to the faith. Then he send his prechours by diverse provynse: by whom cristyn relegion was mightily increased ¶ He ordand the fest of lentyn afore estyr. and the advent. and the emyring days to be fastid of all christen pepull in to the merour of the frist and the second coming of our lord. Then when he had be pope at Rome xxv year & seven months & viij dayds: he was slain of Nero. eius plurima opera vide actibus apostolorum. Gayus this time wos Emperor at rome and reigned iij. year and x months This Gayus wos full vicius in leaving for ij of his own systres he misused and on of them he got a daughter. which child he set be betwixt the keys of jupiter in the temple. and fened afterward that iupater had be gettyn her wherfoor he did cry through the country that all men should worship her as a goddess ¶ This money also made an image like himself and send it to oon Patronie president at Jerusalem under the romans commanding him that he should compel the jews to do worship thereto. And for thes enormities and money other our lord suffyrd him to be slain at Rome in his own pales. ¶ Of king Gynder that was kymbalin son that would not pay the trevage to Rome for the land that Cassibalon had granted and how he wos slain of a roman ANd after the death of this Kymbalin reigned Gynder his sun a good man and a worth and wos of so high heart that he would not pay to Rome that tribute that king Cassibalon had granted unto julius Cesar: wherefore the Emperor that wos though that wos called Claudius' cesar: wos sore annoyed and ordant a great power of remans' and come in to this land for to conquer the tribute through strength and for to have it on the king: but this king Gynder and Armager his brother assembled and gedired a great host yfere of Britons and gave bataell to the Emperor Claudius and killed of the romans great plenty: The emperor had afterward one that wos called Hamon that saw there pepull their whaerfast slain and prevali kest a way his own arms and took the arms of a d●ed breton and armed him with his armuro and come in to the battle to the king: and said in this manner Sir be ye good of heart for God's love for the romans that be your enemies anon shall be slain and discumfited everyone: & the king gave no keep unto his words ne his speech for because of the arms that he had upon him and weaned it had be a Briton but the traitor ever held him next the king: and privily under the shoulders of his arms he smote the king wherefore he was died and fell down to the earth: When Armager saw his brother died he cast away his arms and took to him his brother's arms and come in to the botaill among the Britons & bade them heartily for to fight and fast lay a down the Romans: and for the arms they weaned it had be king Gynd that afore wos slain that they wist not: then begone the Britan's fiercely for to fight and killed the romans so at the last the Emperor for soak the field & fled as fast as he might with his folk in to wynchestre and the falls traitor Hamon that had slain the king fast anon 'gan for to i'll with all the haste that he might and Armager the kings brother pursued him full fiercely with a fierce heart and drofe him unto a water and there he took him: and anon smote of both hand & heed and feet and hewed the body all to pieces and though let cast him in to the water wherefore that water was called Hamanus haven and afterward there was made a fair town that yet standeth that is called southamton And afterward Armager went to Wynchestre for to seek Claudius' cesar the Emperor of Rome and their Armager him took: and Claudius the emperor through concel of his romans that with him left a live made peace with armager in this manner as ye shall here that is to say how that Claudius the Emperor should give unto armager Gennen his fair daughter for to have to wife so that this land fro that time forward should be in the empreurs poer of rome upon such conveant that never afterward no Emperor of Rome should take none other tribute of this land but only fault and they were acorded And upon this conand Claudius' cesar sent to reme for his daughter Gennen and when she was comen claudius cesar give her to Armager to wife and armager spoused her at london with much solemnity & mirth & tho was Armager crowned & made king of Britan ¶ Of king Armager in whose time sent Petre preached in Antiochie with other apostles in diverse countries. THis Armager reigned well and worthily and the land governed: and Claudius' cesar in remembrans of this accord and for reverence and honour of his daughter made in this land a fair town and a castle and let call the town after his name Claucestren that now is called Gloucestre and when this wos all done the Emperor took his leave and though went to Rome and Armager though was king and governed the land well and nobly all his life's time and this Armager got a son of his wife that wos called Westmer & whiles that this Armager reigned sent Petre preached in Antioch and there he made a nobull church in the which he sat first in his chair and there he dwelled seven. year & after he went to Rome and was made pope till that Nero the Emperor let martyr him: and though preached opanly all the apostles in diverse lands the right faith And when Armager had reigned xxiv. year he died and lieth at london. ¶ How king westmer give to Berynger an island forlet and there this berynger made the town of Berewike. ANd after this Armager reigned his son Westmer that wos a good man & a worthy of body & well governed the land. Hit befell so that tiding come to him on a day that the king Rodrik of Gascoine was come in to this land with a huge host of pepull and wos duelling in staynsmore And when king westmer herd though tidings he let assemble an huge host of britains and come to the king Rodrik & give him battle & king westmer killed rodrik with his own hands in plain battle And when king rodrikes men saw that their lord wos died they yolden them all to the king westmer & become his men for ever more & he give them a country that was forleten where in they might duel & thither they went & duelled their all there life's time & ix C men theridamas were of them & no more left at that battle. There governor and prince wos called beringer and anon he began a town that they might there in duel & have resoorte and let call the town Birewyke upon tweed and there they duelled & become rich but they had no women amongs them & the bretons would not yef their daughters to thstrangers wherefore they went ower see in to Irland and brought with them women and there they them spoused but the men koud not under stand there language ne the speech of thes women & therefore they spoken together as scots and afterward through changing tber lanhages. in all france they war called though scottet and so should that folk of that country be called for ever more ¶ How king Westmer let arere a stone in the entering of westmoreland there that he slew rodrik and there he began first housing ANd after this battle that is above said when Rodrik wos died king westmer in remembrance of his victory let arere there be sides the way a great stone on high and yet it standeth & evermore shall stand & he let grave in the stone letters that thus said The king westmer of britonne killed in this place Rodrik his emmny ¶ And this westmer was the first that builded house & town in westmoreland & at that stone beginneth westmerlond that westmer let call after his own name ¶ And when westmer had so done he duelled all his lives time in that country of westmerlond for he loved that country more than any other country And when he had reigned xxv. year he died and lieth at Carleill. ¶ Of king coil that wos westmer son that held his land in peace all his lives tyme. AFter this king westmer reigned his son coil a good man. & a worthy & of good conditions & well governed his land & off all me he had love & peace & in his time wos never contake debate nor were in Britan & he reigned and wos king in peace all his life's time & when he had been king xi. & ere he died an lieth at york. Claudius wos emperor at rome next after Gayus: & he reigned xiv. year & viij. days This man come in to great bretan now called england for to chalange the tribute which they did deni unto the romans & after great battles there wos be betwixt the emperor Claudius: and Armager king of britan. and after a cordment made that this Armager should wed Claudius daughter & after thes ij. should ever life in peace. in token where of this claudius named the cite were they were wedded after him & called it Claudicestre: we call it Gloucestre ¶ This Claudius had iij. wives: & on Petiva the first wife he got a daughter that height Antonia The first wife decessed & he weddit messalinan and got a son that height britanicus & octavia a dow The third he wedit agrippma: having a son that height nero Claudius wedit his daughter octauia to nero his wife's son: this claudius for luf that he had to agrippma his last wife he killed messalina his first wife. lest she should have holp britanicus her son & his to the empire. yet agrippma the last wife of Claudius' dread lest her husband would have proffered Britanicus and have deposed Nero his son. Therefore she poysunied her husband Claudius and Nero was ꝓmotit to the Empire and this s●me Nero give his mother sich a reward again. for he poysunied britanicum and killed his own motber and his wife octauia. jamys the more the apostil this time was slain of Herod agrippa & Petre wos presind. ut pꝪ actuum 12. ¶ The body of sent jamies by myracull wos brought in to Galeciam of spain. Nero after claudius wos emperor & he reigned xiij. year & seven months This nero wos a cursed man & made great waist in the empire: he would not fish but with nets of gold and ropis of silk. a great part of the lords off Rome he killed. he wos enemy to no men but to good men. he killed his brother & his wife. his mother and his master. he killed also Petre and Paul. he would never were on cloth ij. timies. all his horse and his mulis were shod with silver. And at the last he did set an great part of Rome on fire. sum says to see how Troy brened. and sum sayeth the romans complained the streets were to narrow. and when he had brent a great part of rome. Nero said there wos space to build there stretis wider. than the Senators with the common pepull come upon him to kill him. and he fled by night in to subbarbis of the Cite and hid him a 'mong the vines. And he hered karlies and beggars come by him & said & they witted where the emperor war he should never scape them. Nero thought it should be great derogation to his name & he were slain of chorlies. And on a great stake he ran him self to the heart and died & there was bereid. & dules keeped his body money a day after. & did great hurt to the pepull. till by a myracull of our lord the body was fond & take a way: & then the dules voydet Seneca wos this time master to Nero. Iwenalis' peeta. Lucanus poeta. jacobus the las the apostil bishop of ierlm̄ wos slain of the Jews the sixth year of nero. the evangelist marcus wos martyred first year of him Circa annum cristti lxxiiij. LInus Ytalicus wos pope of Rome x. year and iij months and xiij. days This Linus & his successari Cletus through there holy conversation war made to minister the treasure of the church to the pepull. Petre being alive: and peter attendit to pray and preaching It is red of this Cletus that he wrote first in his letters Saluten et apostolicam bnndiccomem ¶ Afoor this time were money a discipul of petre slain under Nero Galba this time wos emperor & he reigned seven. monethis. This man wos made emperor by the power of spain in the same land. Nero leaving. and after the death of Nero brought to Rome. & there was slain of amam that come with wheat to rome. he smote of his heed & bore it to him that was emperor next. seeing all his men & none of them helping him ¶ In this man's days come the great retrition to rome fro spain & wos first that ever taught the science opynli. his name wos Quintilian Otho reigned after him. & he reigned but iij. months. for on vitellus that was president of france chalanged the empyre· and in Itali be tuyx thes tow were iij: great battles and in the fourth battle Otho saw he should be owercummyn. and in great despair he kiled himself. Vitellus reigned after this Otho and he reigned viij. month for he was a foloer of Nero most special in gluttony. & in singing of fowl songs. and at festis etting out of mesur that he might not keep it. Vaspasianus reigned nex after him ix. year & x monethis & xij. days The weal governed men of rome seeing the cursed succession of nero: send after this vespasian unto Palystin. for there he was & his son Titus which had besieged Jerusalem. & when he herd that Nero was died by whom he wos send unto jerusalem and herd of thes cursed men regning at the instance of the wise men of rome not wyllely took upon him the Empire. and a none as he was common to Rome he owercome this tyrand Otho and let him be draw through rome. and after in tybyr till he wos died. and then let him sail with out sepulture. for this the pepull desired ¶ This man was curit of wasps in his nose a none as he believed in our lord ihu. and that wos thecause why he went to jerusalem to venge Christ's death. xxxij times he fought with his enmis and died the year of grace lxxix. Anno domini lxxxiiij. CLetus amertyr wos pope xi year. This Cletus wos a roman and greatly he loved pilgrimage to senctis. saying it wos more prophet to the health of man's soul. to visit the place that sent Petre wos in: then to fast ij year. He cursed all though men letting such pylgramech or concellers contrari thereto. at the last he wos martyred under Damician the emperor. Titus' son to vaspasianus was emperor this tyme. and reigned iij. year and he a bode still at Jerusalem after the alection of his father. and distrued the cite and killed there as the stori saith with battle & hungyr xiC.M. jews and an C.M. he took. and sold thirty for a penny. be cause they sold christ for thirty pennies: and brought thence allthing that wos precious. and put them in his house at Rome which wos called Templum pacis. but now is that place fall down for the most ꝑty: and all thes great jewels be distributit to certam cherchis in Rome. ¶ This Titus w●s so full of virtue that all men loved him. so farforth that they clepit him the most delectabull of men. he wosfull liberal to all men in so much that he said oftin times: that there should no man go fro an emperor with a heavy heart. but he should somewhat have of his petition. he would be sori that day in the which he had granted no man ne no benefit. when that he wos died every man that wos in Rome wept for him as that they had lost there father. Domycian brother to Titus reigned after him xiv year & v. months. first he wos esy. and afterward full unresonabull: for mich of the senate was distruid by his malis. & also mich of his kynrad he began the second persecution after Nero against cristyn men: In the which persecution Iohn the evangelist was exiled in to Pathius after the Emperor had put him in to an tun of oil brenning and hurt him not. So this man was not the follower of his fadir vespasian ne his brother Titus. but rather like Nero and his kindred. And for thes wicked conditions he wos slain in his own palace at Rome in xxvij. year of his age Clemens a martyr was pope ix. year and he succeeded Cletus This Clemens first of scent Petre as it is said was ordand to be successari to hym· And for ꝑell he would Lynun and Cletum should be Popes a for him. lest that through that ensampull prelatis should ordane undir them who sum ever they would. ¶ This man made the life of Martyrs to be written be regions. and he made money bokys: he ordant that a child should be confirmed as soon as it might mannerly after it was cristyned. and at thee last he was martyred under trajan. Nerua wos Emperor after Domician on year and ij. months. and when he was chosen he moved the senate to make a law that all thing which Domician commandit to be keeped. should be broken. by which mean sent Iohn Evangelist wos lowsit out of his exile and suffered to come again to Ephase This man did another thing right commendabull. that he assigned so wise a man as trajan wos to govern the pepull after him Nota Traianus hyspanicus was Emperor nineteen. xere This Traian money men said he wos the best among all the emperor's but in on thing alone he was vicius. in so much as he for the luff of the falls God's was a bout to destroy the cristyn faith: judging in him self so: most to please god. Sum men saith not by himself but by other he ꝑsued christen faith. & in the end of his life he did but few to death. ¶ And all his lawing I set at nought. but at Scent Gregori moved with pit weeping and prayed unto our lord god for him that he would have marci upon him & by his prayer have him out of hell: in to which place he was damned. And now if he be saved or not. agret alteration is among docturs. And to us that writes croneclis is no part of our charge to determine. but all the east part of the world babulon. Selencia. the utter parts of thee ynde. Germayne the second after Alexander he held undyr ¶ In all thes things so peteus and so mekly he gydid him: to every man as a king. he wos gentle. & to no man ungentill the which is red of few. All his days he lived that he wos the most worth man in all his empire. And he thought and said ever more that no man wos more unworthy to be emperor than he. Anno domini. C.iiij. ANacletus a martyr was pope ix year and he was a greek he monished all christian men. that priests should be worsshipped a bown all other men. saying that presties doing sacrifice to god should be borne out. and not vexid but be worshipped. and presties when they said mass they should have witness with them an namely bishops ¶ Also he decreid that clerks should were no berdies ne long haer. also that a Bishop should be consecrityt of iij. and diverse other things at the last the xij year of Traian he wos martyred and buried by the body of scent Petre ¶ Plevius the second oratory: & phelosophur wrote much things This man moved trajan that he should with draw the sentence yeffen a yene christian folk. writtin to him that they should do no ill but take heed to the virtue. but that they should rise afore day and worship there: secretly in the night. Evaristus a greek and a Martyr was x. year seven. months pope after Anacletus. This man ordand that man and woman should be weddit opynly. and at the should be blessed opynly off thee priest and father and mother And he was martyred thee three year off Adrian and buried by scent Petre Alexander a Roman was Pope viij. year and v months This Alexandre the most part off thee senators he converted unto our lord And he ordant that holy water should be kest in cristyn men's houses. and that bred to sing with should be made of clear bred. & that in a litil quantity. At the last he was martyred under Adrian that wos the Emperor and money of them he converted to the faith. Sixtus a Roman wos pope x. year and iij. months. This man ordant sanctus sanctus sanctus etc. should be said in the mass: and at the holy things of the church should not be touched but of mynisteris of the church. Also that the corpraxe should not be made of silk. but of puere lyn cloth woven and not died. and that a woman should not toche the holy vessel off the altar ne the pall. ¶ Also he ordand that if any bisshoprik were vacant. that no bishop should be received in to his benefice but with the popis letteris. also that no mass should be said but on an altar. & at the last he wos martyred. Adrianus wos Emperor xxi: year This adrian in money things is commendit: to christen men other while he was gracius. & certain of them that would not do sacrifice to the falls gods he killed. he was a uniusall man almost in all sciens: peace he had all his days but with the jews: & money a law he made ¶ And than he commandet that cristyn men should not be dampened to death but with dew process. jerusalem he subduid a yene: & prohibit that no Jew should dwell there in. by no wisse: Cristyn men he suffered there to dwell. against his will he come to the empire. but he governed him very well. When the senators prayed him to call his son Emperor after him. he said it is enough to me that ayenest my will I have reigned. when I have not deserved. for the empire of rome should not go by succession of blood but to sich men as deserves it. through their merittis'. money times he regnes unvirtuously that is a king borne· and virtue should come befoor his kingdom Eustachius otherwyes called Placidus. and therospita his wife and ij. of their sons▪ of whom marvelous things be red were martyred by the commandment of Adrian. This placidus wos master of the emperors knights ¶ jerusalem wos restored be Adrian and made largyr: so that the place where christ died wos with in the wallis. the which wos with out befoor. And this is the third belding a yene of that cite. for it was thrice destroyed. s. of Caldeis in the time of Zedechie. of Anthiacus in the time of Machabeorum. and of Titus in the time of vespasian. Anno domini. C.xliiij. TElesphorus a roman was pope xi. year This man ordand this Angels ymne to be song in the mass. s. Gloria in excelsis deo etc. and the gospel to be red a fore the sakring: and on cristynmes day iij. masses to be songne. And he ordand there should no mass be said afore iij: of the cloak. and at the last he wos martyred: and buried at Scent Petrus Ignius a greek was pope iiij: year This man ordand that a child should have a godfather and a godmother at baptim and confirmation ¶ Also that no archbishop exceppit the pope should condemn his suffrigan but if that the cause wor showed in the provincial council of bishops. them he wos martyred & buried at petrus. Antonius' Pius was Emperor xxij. year with his sons Aurolio and Lucio. This man was mightily wysse: a naturally fair of speech. the which lightly in on man is not found. nota. Exceeding men in wisdom commynly are not fair speched ner peesfull namely off nature. nor contrariwyes. exceeding men in fair spechees commynly are less than wise. This man was moved with both thes properteys. Therefore money kyngdomys the who recedid from other emperors wyllely to this man turned a yene: And to cristin men was non so gentle. He said through the ensampull of Cipio: I had liefer keep on heir of a man then kill an hundredth of my enemies. And some martyrs were made under him. but it wos made through the commandment of thee emperors a for. ¶ And the cristyn pepull wor so hayetfull unto the Bisshopis and to the priests of the temple of the false goddies: that the provoked the Princes all way a yenes them. For they supposed that the christian faith should destroy them. ¶ Therefore it wos no marvel all though the prince wos ilplesed for they said all their God's wor dules: if lawyr judges pursuit christian folk. and martyred them. ¶ This time x ᴹ: martyrs were crucified in Armenia in a hegh hill called arath Pompeus trogus. isto tempore historias tocius orbis a nino usque ad octavi a●um deduxit. Anno domini. C.liiij. PIus italicus was Pope xi. year & iiij. months and xij. days This man ordend the fest of ester ever more should be halued on the sunday. And also an heretic coming fro the selite of the Jews should be rescued. & be baptisit Then he wos martyred and buried in Sent po●●●s Auicetus was pope after Pi●s almost x. year This man made money decrees of the canon and for bisshopis ut in ca· violatores etc. Galienus a lech getyn ī●gamo wos in great fame at rome the which not allonli exponed the books of hippocras but he put money of them to his books. And of this man is said for his discrete abstynens the which he hused he lived an. C.xl year. he never eat ne drank his fill. n● abstinency he never took raw frutis: alwa● he had a sweit breath. he died a lonli through age and no sickness Marcus Antonius the true. & Lucius Comodus were emperors nineteen. year Thes ij took the empire after Antoni the meek. And then began ij. emprours to regne: but Lucius comedus decessed. and Antoni was emperor there alone the which wos a victorius man and a noble but that he made the iiij persecution to kill cristyn men. This marcus wos of so great sadness and steadfastness that for no chawnce he loogh never: ne changed no cheir: neither for gladness ne for sorrow. ¶ And when he wos a child he wos of sich manhoed that on a certain time when he looked his tresor & had not the which he might giffe his knights & his men: when he went to fight against the Germans: the Sclavos & Sarmatas. he would hurt ne grieve no body: but had liefer to sell his wife's goldyn vessel. & her arayment. her bedding all her rial stuf: them take tax of the senators or of his province under him. but he got the victori of his enemies: and recovered all again: and released the ꝓuyncis of their tributis. And those that would sell him his wefes tresor ayene· he restored them there monay. and those that would not he never grieved them. but the tabuls of their debts be betwixt him and them. he briynt opynli in the marketh place and changed them at they helped him in his necessity ¶ How king Lucy reigned after his father that was a good man and after he become christian. AFter king coil reigned Lucy his son that was a good man to god & to all the pepull. he sent to Rome to the apostle Eulenthre that though was pope and said that he would become a christian man and receive baptism in the name of god. and turn to the right faith and believe ¶ Eulenthre sent two legates that were called Pagan an other Elibayn in to this land and baptized the king & all his main and after went from town to town and baptized the pepull till all the land was baptized and this wos in the year: C.lvi after the incarnation of our lord Ihu christ. And this king Lucy made tho in this land ij. arch bishops on at Canterberi an other at York and other many bishops that yet be in this land ¶ And when thes ij. legates had baptized all this land they ordained presties far to baptize children & for to make the sacrament and after they went again to rome & the king dulled in his land and reigned with mickle honour xij. year and after died and lieth at Glocestre. ¶ How this land wos long with out a king & how britons chose a king THis king Lucy had none heir of his body begotten that was after ward great harm and sorrow to the land. For after this king Lucis death none of the great of the land would suffer an other to be king but levied in were and debate amongs them self l year with out king But it befell afterward that a great prince come fro rome in to this land that was called Severie. nought for to were: but for to save the right of rome. But nerthe less he had not duelled half a year in this land but that the bretons him killed: and when though of rome witted that Severie was so slain they sent an other great lord in to this land that wos called Allec that was a strong man and a mighty of body & duelled in this land long time & did much sorrow to the bretons. so that after for pure malece they chosen them aching emenges them that wos called astlepades & assembled a great host of bretons and went to London to seche Allec and there they fond him and killed him and all his fellows & one that wos called walon defended him fiercely & fought long with the bretons but at the last he was discomfited & the bretons took him and bond him hands & feet and cast him in to awater wherefore that water afterward was called evermore walbroke. ¶ though reigned Astlepades in peace till on of his Earls that wos called coil made afair town ayenes the kings will and let call the town Colchestre after his own name wherefore the king wos full wroth & thought to destroy him and begun to were upon him & brought great power of men & gave the earl battle & the Earl defended him fiercely with his power: & slew the king himself in that battle & tho was coil crowned and made king of this land. ¶ This coil reigned and governed the ream well and nobilli for he wos a nobull man and well-beloved among the bretons When tho of rome herd that Astlepades was slain they were wonder glad and sent an other great prince of Romans that wos called Constance and he come to the king coil for to chalengf the tribute that was wont to be paid to rome. And the king answered well and wisely and said that he would pay to rome all that right and reason would with full good will And so they acorded tho with good will and with out any contake and so both they dueled together in love ¶ The king coil give to him his daughter Elene unto have her to his spouso that was both fair and wise and good & weli lettered. And this Constance spoused her there with much honour. and it befell sune afterward that this king coil died in the xiij. year of his reign and lieth at colchestre entired. ¶ Of king Constance that wos a Roman that was chosen king after the death of coil for as much that head spoused Elene that was king coil daughter AFter this king coill Constance was made king & crowned for as much that he had spoused king coilles daughter that wos heir of the land the which constance reigned well & wortheli governed the land and he begat of his wife Elene a son that wos called constantine & this king bore true faith and truly did unto them of Rome all his life: and when he had reigned xv: year then he died and lieth at york ¶ How constantine that was king constancis son & the son of saint Elin governed and ruled the land and was Emperor of rome AFter king constance death reigned constantine his son and the son of scent Eline that fond the holy cross in the holy land and how constantine become Emperor of Rome. Hit befell so in that time there was an emperor at rome that wos a Sarzyn & a tyrant that wos called Maxence that put to death all that believed in god & destroyed holy chrche by all his power and slew all christian men that he might find. And among all other he let martyr sent Katrin & money other cristin pepull that had dread of death that fled & come in to this land to king constantine and told him of the sorrow that Maxence did to cristinte wherefore Constantine had pit and great sorew made & assemled a great host and agret power and went over unto Rome and theridamas took the cite and killed all that there was in. that were of misbelieve that he might there find And though wos he made Emperor and was a good man and governed him so well that all lands to him were attendant for to be under his governance ¶ And this duel & tyrant Maxence that time wos in the land of Grece and herd this tiding he become wood and sodanly he died and so he ended his life when Constantine went from this land unto rome he took with him his mother Elyne for the much wisdom that she could and iij. other great lords that he most loved that on was called hoel and an other was called Tavern and the third Morhin and took all his land to keep unto the Earl of cornwall that was called Octavian ¶ And anon as this Octavian witted that his lord was duelling at Rome he seized all the land in to his hand and there with did all his will among high and law and they held him for king when this tidings come to Constantine the Emperor he was wonder wroth toward the earl octavian and sent Tavern with xijM. men for to destruye the Earl for his falseness and they arrived at portesmouth ¶ And when octavian witted that: he assenled agret power of bretons and discomfited Tavern: and tavern fled thence in to Scotland and ordained there a great power and come again in to this land an other time for to yef battle to Octavian ¶ When octavian herd tell that: he assembled a great power and come again towards Tavern as much as he might so that those ij. hosts metten to gether upon stanysmore and strongly smote together. and though wos octavian discomfited and fled thence unto Norway and Tavern seized all the land in to his hand towns & castles & as much as they there had. And sith octavian come ayen fro norway with a great power & seized all the land in his hand & drofe out all the romans and was though made king and reigned. ¶ How Maximian that was the emperor's cousin of Rome spoused octavians daughter and wos made king of this land THis Octavian governed the land well and nobly but he had none heir safe a daughter that was a young child that he loved as much as his life: and for as much that he waxed seek and wos in point of death & might no longer regne he would have made one of his nepheus to have been king the which was a nobull knight and a strong man that wos called Conan meriedoke & he should have keeped the kings daughter & have married her when time had been but the lords of the land would not suffer it but gave her council to be married to sum high man of great honour and than might she have all her lust And the counsel of thee Emperor Constantyne her lord. and at this counsel they accorded and chose though Cador of cornwall for to wend to the emperor for to do this message & he took the way & went to rome & told the emperor this tiding well & wisely & the emperor sent in to this land with him his own cousin that wos his uncle son a nobull knight and a strong that wos called Maximian and he spoused octavians daughter and wos crowned king of this land. ¶ How Maximian that wos the emperor's cousin conquered the land of Amorican and give it to Conan meriedok. THis king Maxmian become so rial that he thought to conquer the land of Amarican for the great riches that he herd tell that was in that land so that he ne left man that wos of worthiness knight squire ne none othir man that he ne took with him to great damage to all the land for he left at home behind him no man to keep the land but took them with him fro this land thirty ᴹ knights that were doughty men's bodies and went over in to the land of Amorican & thor slew the king that was called Imball & conquered all the land ¶ And when he had so done he called Conan & said for as mich as king Octavian have made you king of breton & through me ye werlett and distrobled that ye were not king I give you this land of amorican and you there of maketh the king ¶ And for as much as ye been a Breton I will that this land have the same name and no more be called Amorican but by called little bretan. and the land fro whence we been comen shall be called much bretan ¶ And so shall men know that on bretan fro that other. Conan meridok thanked him hendely and so wos he made king of little bretan. ¶ And when all this was done Maximian went fro thence unto Rome and was though made Emperor after constantine and Conan meriedok duelled in little bretan with much honour and there let ordand ij. M. plough men of the land for to erie the land to harow it and for to sow it and ●effed 'em richly after that they were. ¶ And for as much as king Conan and none of his knights ne none of his other pepull would not take wife's of the nation of france he tho sent in to great breten to the Earl of cornwall that men called Dionothe that he should che●e through out all this land xiM. of madens that is to say viijM. for the mean pepull and iijM. for thee greatest lords that should them spouse. ¶ And when Dionoth under stood this he made acommandement through out all the land of bretan and as money os the nombro come to he assembled together of maidens: for there wos no man that durst withstand his commandments for as mich that all the land was take him to ward and to keep to done all thing that him good liked ¶ And when thes maidens were assemled he let them come before iym at London and let ordan for them ships hasteli & as mich as then needed to that viage and took his own daughter that wos called vrsula: that wos the fairest creature that any man wyft and he would have sent her to king Conan that should have spoused her & made her queen of the land. but she had made prevali to god a vow of chastity that her father not wist ne no other man else that wos leaving upon ethr. ¶ How vrsula and xi. M. maidens that were in her company went toward little bretan and all they were martyred at Coloyn THis vrsula chose unto her company xi. M. maidens that of all other she wos lady and mastresse and all they went in to ship at on time in the water that is called thamse and commanded her kin and all her friends to almighty god. and sailed toward litele breton. but when they were comen in to the high see a strange tempaste arose as it was God's will. ¶ and vrsula with her ships and her company were driven to Hundland through tempast and arrived in the haven of the cite of Colony. & the king of the land that wos called Gowan was tho in the cite: & when he witted the tiding that so money fair maidens were there arrived. he took Elga his brother and other of his household with him & went to the ships to se that fair company and when he saw them so fair he and his company would have overlay them & a take fro them their maydenhod but vrsula that good maid concelled prayed warned and taught them that were her fellows that the should defend them with all there might and rather suffer death than suffren there body to be diffoylled So that all though maidens become so steadfast in god that they defended them through his grace so that none of them had power to do them shame ¶ Wherfer the king Gawan wax sore annoyed that he for wrath slew them euerichon anon right & sour all though maidens martyred for the love of god & lieth at coloyn ¶ How king Gowan come for to destroy this land & how a man of great power that was called Gracian defended the land. WHen all this wos done king Gowan that wos a Sarazen called his brother Elga and said to him that he should go to conquer the land that all though fair maidens were in borne. ¶ And he ordained though a great power of Pehites of denmark of orkenay and of norway and they come in to this land and brenttounes & slew folk & cast a down churches and houses & relegion and robed the land in length & breed & put to death all though that would not forsake the right believe and cristyndom ¶ For as mich as theridamas wos no sovereign that moght them help. For the king Maximian had taken with him all the worthy men when he went to conquer little kretan And in the same time that ye here now tell was sent Albone martyred through the wooed tyrant Dioclician in the same place where is now an abbey made of scent Albone whiles that he was apaynem ¶ But he converted him to god through the predication of a clerk & a wise man that was called ancibell that wos herbored a night in his house And this was after the Incarnation of Ihu christ. ijC.xxvi. year: and men should understand that sent albone suffered his martyrdom be fore that sent edmund wos martyred. and therefore is sent albone called the first martyr of Englond. ¶ This Gowans brother & his folk that were sarazens' went through out the land & destroyed all thing that they found & no thing they spayred. when this tiding come to rome how that king Gowan had begun for to stroy this land the emperor and though of rome sent a strong man & of great power that wos called gracian with xxiiijM. men well fight for to cast out those sarezenes' of this land. and all they arrived at ports moth. ¶ Maximian might not come himself for as much as he wos chosen emperor after the death of Constantine that wos sent Elene son ¶ When this gracian wos arrived with his host he let a spi preveli where the king gowan might befounde and he upon him sodanli as they lain their beds & descomfited him & slew them in theridamas beddis everyone that none of them escaped safe gowan that fled with much sorrow in to his country ¶ soon after it befell that Maximian wos slain at Rome through treason And when Gracian wist that tiding he let crown him king of this land. ¶ How gracian made him king when Maximian was slain and afterward the bretons killed him for his wickedness. THis Gracian when he begone to regne he become so wicked and so stern and so much sorrow did to the bretons that they slew him among them ¶ though king gowan had understand that gracian was slain and done to death he assembled a great power & come again in to this land. & if he had first done harm though did he much more: for though destroyed he all this land & the christen pepull that wos in much bretan so that no man wos so hardi for to nempne god & he that so did anon he was put to strange death ¶ But the bishop of london that wos tho that was called gosselin scaped & went thence to them of Rome to sech succour to help to destru the sarazenis that had destroyed this land ¶ And the romans said that they had be so oft annoyed for there sending after folk in to bretan all for to help the bretens & they would no more so do ¶ And so the bishop gosseline went thence with out any succour or help And though went he to the king of little bretan that was called Aldroie & this was the third king after gowan meriedok as be for is said ¶ The bishop prayed this king Aldroie of help and succour And the king had pit in his heart when he herd how the bishop fled & how that the cristyn men were so slain in great Bretan through the paynims and sarazens' he granted him Constantine his brother him for to help with power of folk and them did array horse armour and ships & all thing that them needed to that voyage ¶ And when all thing was ready he called the bishop & to him said I take you heir to help & succour Constantine my brother upon this covenant that if god yef him grace the paynims & the sarazens' to shend & discomfited that than ye make him king: And the bishop it granted with good will ¶ Constantine & the bishop took leaf of the king Aldroye & betook him to god and took their men xijM. and went to their ships and sailed toward great bretan and arrived at totnesse ¶ When the Bretans herd the tidings that to them come succour they were strongly helped & ordained them a huge number of pepull and come to them and underfeng 'em with mickle honour. Gowan anon as he wist of this things he asemled all the sarezenes' and come ayenest them & give them batal and Constantine slew him with his own hands and all though other sarazens' were discomfited and slain that none of them asscaped but though that were converted unto god. ¶ How Constantine that was the kings brother of little briton wos crowned king of much breton for his worthenes. Anon after the battle they went to london and crowned there constantine and made him king of this land and the bishop Goselin set the crown on his heed and annoyntid him as it befalleth for a king to been and though bigan cristyndom again in this land and anon this king constantine when he wos creuned anon after he spoused his wife through counsel off the bretons and he begat iij. sons on her ¶ The frist wos called Constance and that other Aurilambros and the third vter: this Constance the Elder brother when he come to age he made him a monk at wynchestre. This Constantin their father through tresone wos slain For it befell on a time that a Pehite come to him upon a day in message as it were. and said that he would speak with the king privily in council The king let void his chambre of the men that there were within and there abode no more but the king and the Pehite & he made a countenance as though he would have spoken with the king in his ere and there he killed him with a long knife & after that he went quainteli out of the chambre in to an oder chamber so at the last no man wist where he wos bicomen ¶ When the kings men wist that their lord wos so died they made so much sorrow they not wist what to done ¶ For as much as his two sons Aurilombros and Uther were so young that none of them might be king & the third brother wos monk at wenchestre as is said befoor But vortiger that wos Earl of westsexe thought privyly in his heart through quentance to be king and went to wynchestre there that Constance was monk & to him said Constans quoth he your father is died and your ij. brethren that been with Gosseline the bishop of london to nourish: been so young that none of them may be king ¶ Wherefore I council you that ye forsake your habit and come with me & I shall make such a meyn unto the bretons that ye shall be made king. ¶ Of Constans that was king Constantine son that was monk at wynchestre and how he wos made king after his fathers death through counsel of vortiger that wos Earl of westsexe for as mich as Aurilambros and vter his ij. brother were but young of age: And vortiger let slay him to be king himself. THis vortig●r consceled this Constance so much till he forsook his Abbot and went with him: and anon after he wos crowned king by assent of the Bretons. ¶ This king Constance when he wos crowned and made king he witted ne knew but little of the world na could not thing wat knighthood axed. and he made vortiger his chief master and conceller and give him all his power for to ordain and to do as much as to the ream apertened So that himself no thing entermelled but onli bare the name of king ¶ When vortiger saw that he had all the land in his ward and governal at his own will he thought a privy treason and to slay Constance the king that he might himself be crowned and made king and regne and let send after a hundredth knights of Pehetes the worthiest of all the land and them heeled with him for to duel as to be keepers of is body as he would wend through the land to ordain things that appertained to a king ¶ And this vortiger honoured so much the hundred knights and so much give them of gold and silver and so rich evils robes horse and other things plente wherefore they held him more lord than they did the king ¶ And vortiger told them if he might be king. ye as it were through treason: he would make 'em richest of the land So at the last through great yefts that he had yefuen largeli: they cried through the court that vortiger were better worthy to be king than Constance. wherefore vortiger made semland as he had been wroth and he departed thence from the court and said he most gone else where for things that he had to done. and so the traitor said for encheason that they should him slay. that is to say constance. ¶ When this vortiger wos gone it befell soon after that though hundredth knights of Pehites broken the doors of the kings chamber and there they him slew & smote of his heed and bore it to vortiger there that he duelled and when vortiger saw that heed: he wepped full tenderly with his eye and nerthelees he wos somedell glad of his death. ¶ And anon let take the houndreth knights of Pehites and bind their hands behind them an led them to London & there they were dampened to death as false traitors. And anon after all the bretans of the land by the common assent crowned vortyger and made him king of the land. Anno domini. C.lxxiiij SOther a martyr was pope after Auicetum ix. year the which decreit that a nun should not touch the pall of the altar ner pit in sense there to. And that she should were a wompull about her heed. and money ꝑellis he saw a bout matrimony. there for he ordand that no woman should be called a leeful wife but if she were blessed of the priest. Elentherus a martyr was pope after Sother xv year the which ordand that cristyn men should furese no meet resonabull that wos man's mete. Nota. Also that no man vnacused in acrime should be put from his dignity or his degree till he was convyckyt. through ensampull of criyst. the which keppid still judas scaryoth not a cused. And christ knaw him guilty And what sum ever he did among the apostles for the dyngnite of his servis a boode firm and stabull. And he send also Legatis unto Lucy the king of Bretan the which baptized him and his pepull. And Fagus and Domianus legates the which the pope sent first preached in england. and this cristyndom durit in Bretan. CC. year unto the time of Dioclision the emperor. when sent Albone wos martyred Marchus Antonius and Lucius Comodus were emperors. but marcus died anon and Lucius comodus reigned: Comodus wos called profitabull of scorn. for he wos to every man unprofitabull. he wos yeffen utterly to lechoris. money senators and cristyn men he made for to be killed. he dampened his own wife to death for age. he died a sodan death with stranggilling among maidens. Helius ꝑtenax after this man wos emperor sex months and wos a man of great discretion. whom julian the great lawyer killed. And he entered the empire and was slain the seven. month of severus. Victor a martyr was pope after Elentherium x. year and for the discord of the paschal time he called a counsel in alexander where be was present that tyme. & money other. where he decreit that Estyr day should be keeped on the sunday but he most keep the change of the moan of aprill. And that wos to differ fro jues. for money bisshopis of the East a boid. that time the same day the jews did haloe that fest ¶ Also he ordand that in time of need child might be cristyned in every place & in every water Zepherinus a martyr & a Roman wos pope after victor ix year This man ordaud that christian pepull of xij year age & a bown should receive his god on estyr day on's ●● year. Also he ordant that all the vessel of the altar should be glass or tin and not tree os in old time the consecration of the glorius blode was made in tree vessel And this time passit and the worship of the church grew & glasin vessill were ꝓhibit▪ ut pꝪ de conse. di pri ca Origines the nobull clerk wos this time & he wrote so much that sent Jerome said himself to have red of Origen work iiijM. volumys with out pystils. he translatit the bybyll from hebru in to greek. and did money other great things And of this Origene Samson Solomon & trajan is a great question amongs docturs if that they be dampened or saved. There forre those things that with out peril we be not bondyn to know. ner the church is not certified of them. and therefore let them be aloynly committed unto god. Calistus a martyr and a roman was pope after Zepherinus v. year and he ordand the cimitori. in via apia. where moni a. M. martyrs is buried. Also he ordand the fast of the emering days: to be keeped Antonius Aurelius was Empeour iij. year And this man lacked no kind of lechery: and at the last he wos martyred among a great multitude of pepull for his myssechews leaving. Antonius macus reigned after him seven year This man lived obstinately and therefore he wos killed as wos his predicessur Alexander was Emperor after Antonius and reigned xiij. year This man by instance of his mother a cristin woman & the teaching of Origen the which come to Rome to convert hir· wos made so good unto cristyn men that he soffrid them to have their counsels and their prayers by themself. but nevertheless in his time the cursed officers of him made money martyrs. Anno domini. CC.xliiij. VRbanus wos pope after Calisto viij. year and old & young wos veriy vertuus. And all the hallowed vessel to the church he made of gold or silver. This man laft his pope heod & went to Agrippam & xi. M. virgins with him & the clergy said he laft not his dignity for holiness. but for appetite of those virgins & wrote him not in the book of popis. And there he a virgin wos martyred with those virgins Poncianus a martyr succedid urbanus & he ordant that psalms should be said day & night in thee church of god. And that a priest should say confiteor a fore thee mass. Anteros a martyr was pope after this man This man ordand that a bishop might be removed from on unto an other And he made the life of martyrs to be writtyn and he wos slain and buried in the cimitory of seut calixt. Maximiaus wos chosin emperor at Maguncia of the host and not by the senators & reigned iij. year and destroyed the church mightily and was slain for Origen Gordian reigned after him sex year and of him is lityll writtyn. but he wos slain. Hijs diebus Celus dux colchestrie in asclepio rignat in britannia annis quasi triginta usque ad adventum constancij. lati ᴹ vacat Philip was emperor after him: and this Philip choesse to him Philip his son and they reigned seven. year And they were the first Empr●urys that ever were cristyned & after slain of the host. They bequeatheth all her treasure in their death that it should be disposed to poor men. And sent Laurens at the assynation of his master the pope departid this treasure a bout rome. the which was great cause of his martyrdom. ut quid dicunt. Decius wos emperor iij. year and in all things a tyrant. for he entyrid the empire when he & the host had slain the ij Philippis his lords. And after that he was slain with his son. Fabianus a martyr and a roman was pope after Anteras xij. year This wos a very holy man. for when cristyn men stood to a bide the election of the pope. sodenli a white dough or a culuur decendid on his heed saying unto him thou shall be pope of rome. this man ordend that cream every year should be haloid upon sher thursday also he divided regions to dekyns the which should writ the life of martyrs. and at the last Decius killed him Cornelius a martyr and a roman was pope after Fabius iij. year this man took up the bodies of Petre and Paul. and with great honour put them in worschipfull places with beata lucina Lucius was pope after Cornelius iij. year and of him lityll is writtyn Gallus with his son volucianus were emperors ij. year. and they fought with Emilianus. and were slain. and Emilianus the third month wos slain. Valerian wos Emperor with his son Galiene xv. year. This man was vertuus and manly in the beginning but after he wos given to vice. & much wricchidnes and so was his son Galiene. This valerian went unto the land of pierce. and there: for the great blood of martyrs which he had spied was take of the king of Perci. And when he had take him he put out both his even and keeped him in great bondage. and to this intent he keeped him. that when so ever he should ride this valerian should lie down. And he should set his feet upon his bake when he would take his horse. This herd Galiene his son that wos left at rome. and that caused him that he wos not so cruel ayenes cristyn men ¶ And here wos the viij persecution of the church made by thy Emperor. and made the romans to lees their kingdoms thee which were never recovered again to the emperor. and a general pestelans was through out all the world for their trespass Stephanus a merter after Lucius wos pope iij. year This man ordaned that no man should use no haloed clothis but to the worship of god. Sextus a martyr and a roman was pope after Sstephanus ij. year This man ordant that the mass should be said upon an author. the which afore wos not. and then he died. Dyonisius a roman was pope after him ij. year This man divided perichies & church yards and assigned to chirchiss certain prestis. Felix a martyr was pope after Dyonisius ij. year He ordaned that for the memori of martyrs masses should be said. Also he ordant thee Dedication of the church every year should be said Claudius was Emperor after valerianus: he subduid Goth as nobly and then he desseset. Anno cristi. CC.lxxiiij. Euticianus a mertir was pope after Felex viij year This man ordand that corn and benies should be blessed on thee altar And he bereid iij C & xl iiij. martyrs with his own hands Aurelius was Emperor after Claudius v. year This Aurelius first to cristin men wos gentle. wherefore he had the victori in every place gloriusly. And when he wos dessaved by cursed men and pursued cristimmen myghttely and namely in france for there he a bood and after that he had never good fortune but was slain. And this wos the ix. persecution of the church and cristin faith. Tacitus was Emꝓur after this man and he wos. but he reigned but iij. months and then slain in Ponto. Probus wos Emperor after him .v. year and iiij. months This man recovered france a yene the who was occupied with barbory men. & he give them and pannonias licens to have vynyerdes. And when he had made almost all things well in peace he said knyghttes with in a little time shall not be necessari. And anon after he wos slain at Syrmium. Carus and his ij. sons Carmus and Numerianus were emperors after Probus. but soyn war they died & there father was dronchid and the two sons were slain all thes three reigned but ij: year Dyaclician and Maximian con after thes iij. emperors though on reigned in the Est and the other in the west. the first thing that Dioclecian did he brent all the cristyn men's bokys that might be fonden. Thes. two tyrants did more harm to cristyn men then ever did any other. for ten yer lasted their persecution. and as we read with in xxx: days xxM. men were slain for Christ's cause. And in Englond all faith wos almost destroyed in that time of Maximian. Gaius wos pope after Enticianus This man ordant that no man should accuse a bishop or an other clerk to an seculari iuge. and that a pagon or an heretic should not accuse a cristyn man. also he ordant that he that wos worth should ascend gree by gree to his orders first benet then collet subdekin dekin & then priest. And at the last he wos martyred undyr Dioclition. ¶ arcellinus' amartir wos pope after Gayus xi. year and four months This man was persecutit sore. and for dreid of death he offered iij. cornis of incense to the sacrifice of the idols. And afterward he opynly repented. and suffyrd the pain of death for the faith of the church of god. His body lay vnberied iij. days for dreid of the curse of god. and after through a vision of scent Petre & marcel he was buried at Peturs' foot. Marcellus was pope after Marcellinus v. year This man ordand that a governal counsel might not be ordant with out the awtorite of the pope. ut pꝪ. i7. di.c. sinodum. Also he chose xv. cardinals in the cite to berry men and cristyn. at the last when he had keeped beasts long time in a house closed in with them by the commandment of Maximian he died for fault Eusibius a martyr was after this man ij. months and certain days. This man of a lay-man was made pope and he ordand that no lay man should accuse his bishop but if he went fro his faith. ut pꝪ 2. 9.7.c. lairos. Nota This time sent Albon wos martyred in Bretan this albon when he was a pagon. he lodged a certain man: the which converted him to the faith. and after was iuget unto death: and much pepull he turned unto our lord that were negh the water the which he made dri through his prayer and he suffered death negh the cite of verelom. vide plura in vita sancti albani. Melchiades a merter succedid Eusibius iiij. year This man ꝓhibit that men should fast on sunday or on thursday in so much as pagons fast those days. at the last he was martyred as all his predecessors was ¶ And gnaw ye that there were xxxiij pope's of room martyred each on after other Petre wos the first and this Melchiades wos the last. And then it wos laudabull for a man after Gregori to desire a bisshoprik Galerius wos Emperor after Dioclition ij. year. and another with him called Constancius. so wos the Empire in though days devidee. This Constance after he had conquered all Spay he come in to great breton and there he wedded a kings daughter of whom he got great Constantine. and this same constacius died in Breton and lieth at York as martin says in his crounycls And left on live Constantine that wos getyn of Elyn. And wos king of britain and of france Circa annum domini .iijC.viij. SIluester wos pope aftet Melchiades This was a glorius confessor and money ways he worsshipped the church of god what in writing what in miracles. he resavyt the patrimony of scent Petre that is to say the kingdom of Ytali with the cite of Rome of Constantine the emperor. and to the worship of the church of god he turned it. he baptised Helyn & the jews and then deceased a confessur Constantine the myghtty was Emperor this tyme. This wos a glorius man and a victorius in battle. in governing of the common pepull was very wisse. And in the necessity of the believe he was with out compayr dewout His pitty and his holiness be so writtyn in the books of holy docturs: that with out doubt he his to be nowmbred among sentis. & the greeks say that in the end of his life he wos made a monk and more ye may heir of him in the crounyclis of england for he wos king in england. Helena the queen mother to Constantine repaired a yene the holy cross this time and she made lxx. colleg and she glorified the state of all holy church. Nycholas the bishop of mirree cete an hole man wos this tyme. Athanasius wos this time bishop in Alexandrin a glorius doctor made the cymbalum Quicumque vult saluus esse etcc: Marcus was pope after Silvester ij. year and viij. months This man ordaned the cred should be opynly sung in the church. And at the bishop of hostiense should consecrate the pope. and that he should were a pall julius wos pope after Marcus xi. year This man wos exiled x. year and after suffered death under constantine the second Eonstantinus with his ij. brethren reigned xxiv. year And in his last end he wos ꝑuertit by the heryse of the aryanes. by a bishop called Eusebi and he pursued the church of god strongly the end of this man wos this. As he should go to constantinople to a great counsel in the which he thought to have condemned the bishop and the clerks of true believe. he went be fore unto a chambyr to a glorified sich things as nature requireth. and anon suddenly his bowels fell from him. and there he wos died as ye now here. Liberius was pope after julius nineteen. year & seven months then wos the second discord of the church be tuix Liberyn and Felix for the heerysi of the arrians the which favyrred Leberius. Then Constancius the Emperor called again liberyn from his exile be cause he favoured these herise. and the church deiecit Liberyn. and took Felix in to pope and the odir was expulsit os an harityke of the church. but felix obtenet not. for the emperor put in Liberius and expulsit felix: Felix was pope after the death of this liberin and he declared Constantin the emperor an heretic and a none after he wos martyred ¶ And here wos the first that ever thee church of Rome had an infamet pope. for all the predicessurs of all this liberin were sentis. and gave holy sampuls julianus apastota was after constantyn emperor ij. year and viij months he was cleped apostata for he fled this Constantyne which killep his brother and for fere of death wos made a cristyn man and a monk. but afterward by the counsel of a negromenser. he asked the duel whether he should be emperor or not The duel said that he should be emperor upon a condition that he should for sake his cristin faith. and be uttyr enemy to cristin men. and so he did for he gave leave to the jews that they should build again the temple in spite of the cristyn men. and he took all the goods that cristin men had & distruied money of them. joninianꝰ wos emperor after him viij months: for when julian wos died the host chose him emperor. & he was a cristin man & he said it wos not leeful to a cristin man to be a lord over so money hethin pepull. They answered and said rather than he should forsake the empire they would be cristined. And thus took he the dyngnite. but son he wos died & in meruelus manner. for he wos laid in a close house after his journey made all of stone newly whited with lime. in the which they made to his comforth as they thought a fire of charcoill. and of the air of thes ij. in the mor● he was fond died. Valentinian with his brother Balent was Emperor after Ioninianus xi. year for he departed the empire & give his brother the est and keeped himself the west part. This balentinianus was a lord with julian apostata: & it happed him on a time for to go in to a temple of false God's for to do sacrifice and mynisteris stood therewith water haloid after their gise with the which they strenkilled the lords This valentenianus smote the minister that kest the weter upon him. and said he wos rether defouled there by then cleansed. be cause of this julian did exile him. but our lord god for his opyn confession of his name rewarded him with the empire. His brother valent fell in to the opinion of the arrianes and died in that herici This same valent leaved iiij year after valentinianus with Gracian the emperor ¶ This time levied sent Ambros. Anno domini .iijC.lxiiij. DAmasus wos pope after Felix xviij. year and ij. months This wos an eloquent man in metyr and he wrote money stories of pepis and martyrs. He ordand that gloria potri should be said in the end of the psalms & that wos at the prayer of scent jerom And through the motion of this pope jerom translated the bible from hebreu in to latin and then he dicessed a confessur. Valens with Gracian and valentinianun were emperor iiij: year in this time were chirchis opynd again & cristyn men had leave to renew the service of god that wos defended afore with emperors infecked with harecy. as wos valens and other wherefore the church had no liberty when valens wos on live ¶ A Synodus of an. hundredth and l bishops was gedred under Damase pope at Constantinople ayenes Macedomun an heretic the which devyed the holy ghost to be very god. And then wos the credo made that is song on holidays in the church. Augustinus a Cartaginens of affrica was this time. He wos as nobull a retrition as might be· and in all phelosophy and poetre incomporabull. & all thing that any phelosophur fond in his youth he under stood with little labour & a bout this time he wos send to mediolanun where he was turned anon of scent Ambrose and baptized. This man grew unto a nobull doctor of the church. And not long after that he was bishop of Yponens. and there he levied liij. year and mickle divinity he wrote. ut pꝪ in libris suis. Siritius was pope after Damasus xv. year. he dampened haritikis and little else is writtyn of him. Theodosius son to Gracian with valantyne his unkell wos Emperor xxvij. year This man wos a cristyn man and gracius and in governance like to trajan. soon wroth and a none reconciled. This man on a day when he would have gone to have herd mass sent Ambros ꝓhibit him the entry of the church till he had penance and made satisfaction for the slaing of the thirty. knights the which he slew in anger at Constantinople. wherefore they made a law that the sentence of a prince should be deferit thirty: days of those that should do exicution if they might fall in the grace of the prince with in thirty. days. ¶ A bout this time wos a child borne in the castle of Emons from the navel & a bown divided in to ij. bodies having two hedis & ij. wittis'. so that the on sleeping or eting the oder slepid not ne eat not. And when they war ij. year of age the on deceased & the other lived iij. days after. Claudianus poeta was this time Arcadius & Honorius reigned xiij. year & in their time rome wes ne distruyed by an king called Alaticus of the which destruction rose a great blasphemy of the romans for they said they fared never well sethyn christ come to rome & be rafeed them there God's by the preaching of Pet & Paul. And yet this Archadius subduit all his emnies by the power of god: & shed no blood. A yene this blasfemy sent Austyn made that solemp work the which they call. de civitate dei. Honorius wos emperor with Theodosius his brother son xv year and he wos a man of holy life. for ij. wives he had. and with both yet he died maiden. he loved specially the church & hated haritykies Ierom died this time at Bedlam the year of his age lxxxxi. Sanctus Herachydes the which wrote vitas patrum to Lansum episcopum was this time johannes Crisostamus wos exiled of Endochia the wife of Archadij and through heyt of the son he wos died Anastasius wos pope after Siritius iij. year. This man ordand that every man should stand at the reading of the holy gospel: and that he that wos a manyd man should not be priest Innocencius was pope after Anastasius. This man ordant that seek men should be anointed with holy hoyl. and at mass the kiss of peace to be yeffen: he dampened Pelagin an haritike & money other things did: ut pꝪ 26. q. i Anno domini iiijC.xiiij: ZOzimus was pope after Innocent ij. year & viii. months This man ordant that clerks should be no taverners. ne sell no wine and that a bond man should not be made priest with out the licens of his lord Bonifacius a roman was pope after Zoziuū iiij. year This man ordand that a woman should not toch the pall of the altar. ne should not wash the altar Celestinus a roman was pope after Boniface viij. year & ix. days the which ordand the psalm a fore mass. s. judica me deus etcc. and at the beginning of the mass should be said with a verse of a psalm and at the graell and at the offertory should be said a fore the sakirring. this same man send sent patrick to Ireland to convert that land. and Palladium a dekyn of Rome to the scots to be convertid. & in the iiij. year of this man there wos a gennerall sinody at Ephisina of. CCC. bishops a yenes Nestorium an heretic Theodosius the younger with valentinan his neve reigned xxvij year In his time wos the fest ordained which is called Aduincula. scin Petri ¶ And in his time died sent Austyn in the year of his age lxxvi. ¶ And this time wos razed the seven. slepers the which sleeped ·CC. year This man died at Constantinople and theridamas wos buried ¶ This time the Soxons entered Englond & anon be little and little they grew up mightily. And at the last they obtained all the land. Sextus a Roman was pope after Celestinus viij. year This was an holy man and a meek and little of him is writtyn but that he build scan maria maior. Leo Tuscus a confessur was pope after Sixtus xxi. year This man was as holy as any man .v. times or more in a day he would say mass. and on a time after it be fell when a certain woman kyssid his hand he wos temped with her. and for the trespass that he had done. unto his penance he made his hand to be strekyn of And when the noese rose upon him that he might not say mass as he wos wont to done. he wos right sorry: and allonly betook him to our lady in prayer to help him. ¶ And our lady restored him his hand again. & than he said mass as he was wont to done & so that myracull wos opynly shued to all pepull ¶ And in the time of this pope Marcian the Emperor being ther. wos congregate at calcedeny the iiij. uniusall Sinody of viC. & thirty bishops a yens Eusticem the Abbot of constantinopoliton: & Alexandrinun epm qui negaverunt in xpo veram carnem fuisse & eciam negabant carnis nrē resurreccionem. And after he had made money notable sarmons and epistils he deceased. Marcianus and valentinianus were emperors this time seven. year. in whoys time wos the great Sinody a foro rehearsed when Eusticem and Dioscurus were condemned. ¶ In the time that Marcianus wos emperor in rome vortiger was king in Bretan now called Englond. in whoys time the Saxons come in to bretan and made money kings. that is to wit as is plain by the crouniclys seven. And be cause it is tedius to man's reason to rehearse money diverse names together as seven. kings of england & in on time the emperors and popes. There for the cronyelis of england shall be set together till it becummyn unto Alured in whoys time the Danies come in to Englond and the popes and the emperors and other things in thee same time shall be set together. Circa annum domini .iiijC.xl ix. ¶ How the wardens that had though childrin to keep that were Constantine sons lad them to little Bretan for the treason & the falsenese of vortiger. Engist Here beginneth the fift part during to the coming of the danies This time come the Saxons that were pagons' first in to bretonnow called england. under vortiger the which wos crowned king of this land. This time though that had thighs. ij childer in keeping the which was Constantine sons that is to say Aurilambros and Uther through ordinance of Goslin that was bishop of london. after their faderes death that is to say Constantine durst not duel in this land with those child but conveyed them unto the king of little Breton: for as much as he tho wise the treason of vortiger that though wos made kind through whom constance their eldyr brother wos slain. wherefore the hundredth knights of Pehites were put to death and bearen all the blame. as that vortiger had not wist there of nether to consented ¶ And so the keepers of those tow children dread lest vortiger would put them to death through his treason and falseness as he had done their brother before. And therefore they were led over in to little bretan & the king them received with much honowr and let them to nourish. & there they duelled till they become fair knights and strong and fierce and thought to be avenged upon the death of Constantine their brother when they saw their time and so they did as ye shall here tell afterward. ¶ Hit wos not long after that the tidings come over see to the kindred of though hundredth knyghttes of Pehites that were dampened & put to death thurgh vortiger in this land therefore they were wondirly wroth & swore that they would be avenged of their kinnes death: and come in to this land with a great power & rob in money places & killed & did all the sorrow that they might. When vortiger it witted: he made much sorrow & was sore annoyed. And in an other place also tidings come to him that Aurilambros & Uther his brother ordained & assembled a great host for to come in to mekell bretan that is to say in to this land to be avenged upon Constance their brother's death So that in on half & in that other he was brought in to so much sorrow that he ne witted whider to wend. ¶ How Engist and xi thousand men come in to this land to the whom vortiger gave a place that is called Thongcastell ANd soon after this sorrow tiding come to vortiger that a great navy of strangers were arrived in the country of kent he wilt not whence they were ne wherefore they were come in to this land ¶ The king sent anon a messenger thither that sum of them should come & speak with him for to wit what folk they were & what they axed & in to what country they would go ¶ There were ij. brother masters & princes of that strong company that on wos called Engist and that other Horse Engist went to the king and told him the encheason wherefore they were comen in to his land ¶ And said sir we be of a country that is called Saxony that is the land of Eermayne where in is so much sorrow that of the pepull be so money that the land may not them sustain ¶ And the masters and princes that have the land to govern and to rule. they make to come before them men and women that boldest been amongs them for to fight and that best may travail in to diverse lands ¶ And so they shul them yef horse and hernes armuri & all thing that them needeth and after they shall say to them that they gone in to an other country where that they mow lyven as their ancestors' did them before. ¶ And therefore sir king if ye have aught to do with our company we be come in to your land & with good will you will serve and your land keep help & defend from your enemies if that ye needeth. ¶ When vortiger herd this tiding he said he would gladly them withhold upon sich covenant if they might dalyver his land of his emnies he would yef them resenable lands where they should duel for ever more Engist thonked goodly & in this manner he and his company xiM. should duel with the king vortiger and much they did through their boldness they delivered the land clean of his emnies though prayed Engist the king of so mo●h land that he might make to him a cite & for his many ¶ The king answered. it wos not to done with out council of his bretons. ¶ Engist prayed him eftsoons of as much place as he might compass so with a thong of a skin where upon he myhht maake a manner for him to duel on. ¶ And the king him granted freely ¶ though took engist a bull skin and cut it as small as he might all in to on thuong all a round and there with compassed he as much land as he had upon a fair castle and when this castle was made he let call it Thwong castle For as much as the place wos marked with a thwong. ¶ Of Ronewen that was Engistes' daughter and how the king vortiger spoused her for her bout. WHen this castle was made and full well arrayed Engist prevaly did send by letter in to the country where he come fro after an hundreth ships fyllid with men that wos strong & bold and also well fighting in all batellis. and that they should also bring with them Ronewen his daughter that wos the fairest creature that a man might see ¶ And when those pepull was comen that he had sent after he took them in to the castle with much joy And himself upon a day went unto the king and prayed him there worthily that he would come and see his new manner that he had made in the place that he had compassed with a thuong of the skin ¶ The king anon granted him freely and with him went thither & wos well a paid with the castle & with the fair work. & to geders there they eaten and drunk with much joy ¶ And when night come that the king vortiger should go in to his chamare for to take there his nights rest: Ronewen that wos Engist daughter come with a cup of gold in her hand and kneeled be fore the king and said to him wassaill. and the king wystnot what it wos to mean ne what he should answer for as much as himself ne none of his bretons could no english speak ne under stand it: but spekyn in the same longage that bretons done yet. ¶ Neutheles a latimer told the king the full understanding thereof wassale: and that other should answer drink hail. ¶ And that wos the first time that wassaill and drink hail come up in this land. and from that time unto this time it is well used in this land. ¶ The king vortiger saw the fairness of Ronewen and his arms laid a bout her nec and iij. sweetly kytsed her. and anon right he wos a namered upon her: that he desired to have her to wife and asked of Engist her father ¶ And Engist granted him upon this covenant that the king should yef him all the country of kent that they ere might duel in & his pepull ¶ The king him granted privily with a good will and anon after he spoused the damsel. and that wos much confusion to himself. ¶ And therefore all the bretons become so wroth for be cause he spoused a woman of misbelieve. wherefore they went all from him & nothing to him took keep ne help him in thing that he had to done. ¶ How vortimer that wos vortigers son was made king & Engist wos driven out. and how vortimer wos slain. THis Engist went in to kent and seized all the land in to his hand for him and for his men and by come in a lityl while of so great power and so much pepull had that men wist not in little time which were the kings men and who were Engist men wherefore all Bretons had of him dread and said amongis them but if that they ne took other counsel be twen hem all the land should be betrayed through Engist and his pepull vortiger the king had be gotten on his first wife iij. sons the first wos called vortimer that second Catagren & the third Passent. ¶ The britons everyone by on assent chose vortimer to be their lord & sovereign & counsellor in every battle & crowned him & made him king & would suffer vortiger no longer to regne for encheason of the alliance bituix engist & him. The britons ordained a great host to drive out engist & his company of the land & give him iij. batallis that first wos in Kent there he was lord The second wos at Tetford. & the third in a shire athis half cool in a more. ¶ And in this bottle them met Catagren & horn Engistes brother so that ych of them slew other. Bott for as much as the country was yef long by for to horn through vortiger. though he spoused his cousin there he made a fair castle that is called horncastel after his own name ¶ And vortimer wos so annoyed for his bred death catagren that he wos died in sich a manner. Wherefore anon he let fell the castle to groaned ¶ And after that he ne left night ne day till he had driven out engist & all his pepull of the land & when Engist wos driven a way Ronewen his daughter made sorrow enough quentely speak to them that were next the king vortimer & priveyst with him. & so much she gave him of yefts that he wos enpoisened & died at london the iiij. year of his reign and there he lieth. ¶ How the bretons chose an other time vortiger to be their king & Engist come in to this land and they fouhten to gedre. AFter vortimers death the. Britons by her common assent eft sons made vortiger her king upon this convenient that he should never after suffer Engist ne none of his. eftsoons to come in to this land ¶ And when all this wos done Ronewen the queen privily sent by letter to Enegist that she had enpoisend vortimer & that vortiger her lord again bare the crown & rened and that he should come in to this land well arrayed with moche pepull for to a venge him upon the britons and to win this land ayein: ¶ And when Engist herd this tidings he made great joy and appareled him hastily with xv. thousand men that were doughty in every battle and come in to this land ¶ And when vortiger herd tell that engist was come again with a great power in to this lond· he assembled his bretons and though went against engist for to have yef him battle and his folk. ¶ Butt Engist dread him sore of the Bretons For they had driven him before and discomfited him with strength wherefore this engist prayed him a love day. & said he wos not cunyn in to this land for to fight. but for to have his land again if he might accord with the bretons and of them to have love and grace ¶ The king vortiger through counsel of his bretons granted a love day & thus it wos ordained through the bretons. that the saame day should be holden fast be side Salisberi upon an hill. ¶ And engitt should come thidre with iiij. hundredth knights with out more: And the king with as money of the wisest men of his land ¶ And at that day the king come with his counsel as it wos ordained but Engist had warned his knights privily and them commanded that every of them should put a long knife in his hosyn. & when he said fair sers now is time to speak of love and peace every man a none should draw out his knife and slay a breton and so they killed a thousand lxi. of knights and with much sorrow money of them escaped ¶ And the king vortiger there himself though wos taken and led to Thongcastell and put in to prison: and sum of Engistes' men would that the king had been brent all quick. ¶ And vortiger though for to have his life granted them as much as the would ask and give up all the land towns Castles cities and brughes to Engist and to his folk ¶ And all the bretons fled thence in to wales & there they held them still. And Engist went through the land and seized all the land with fraunchisos and in every place let cast a down churches & houses of religione & destroyed christendom through out all this land & let change the name of the land: that no man of his were so hardy after that time to call this land britain but call it Engist land & he departed all the land to his men & there made seven. kings for to strength the land that the bretons should never come after there in ¶ The first kingdom was kent there that Engist himself reigned and wos lord & master over all the other ¶ The other king had southsexe that now is chichester. The third king had westsexe. ¶ The iiij. king had Estsexe ¶ The v. king Estangill that now is called Northfolk Southfolk Merchemerich that is to say the earldom of Nicholl ¶ The vi. had Lecestre shire Northhamton shire. Hertford and Huntyngdon ¶ The seven. had Oxunford Gloucestre Wynchestre Warwik and Derbyshire. ¶ How vortiger went in to wales and began there a castle that would not stand with out mortar tempered with blood. WHen Engist had departed all the land in this manner between his men and delivered vortiger out of prison and suffered him freely to gone whidre that he would and he took his way and went in to wales there that is bretons dulled for as much as that land was strong an wekked to win And Engist never come there ne never know it before that land. vortiger held him there with his bretans & axed council what him wos best to do ¶ And they gave him council to make a strong castle that he might him self there in keep & defend if need were ¶ Masons in haste though were fet & began the work upon the hill of Breigh. but certes thus it be fell all the work that the masons made a day down it fell the night & they witted not what it might be there of the king was soro annoyed of that chance and witted not what to do ¶ Wherefore he let send after the wisest clerks and also learned men that were through out wales that might be found. for they should him tell what wos best to done. ¶ For they should tell wharfor the fundament so failed under the work and that they should him tell what wos best for to done ¶ And the wisest men long time had studied they said to the king that he should done seek a child borne of a woman that never had with man to done and that child he should slay and temꝑ with his blood the tempest of the work & so should the work ever endure with out end. ¶ How the king let sech Merlin through out all wales for to speak with him. WHen the king herd this he commanded his mesangeres anon to wend through out all wales to seek that child if he might him find. and that they should him bring forth with them unto him and in record and in witness of this thing he had take them his letters that they newer destrobled of no man ne let. ¶ And though the messangeres went thence and sped so fast that they come in to a town that was called Karmardine and as they passed forth their way they funden ij. child of xxiv. year age chiding yf●re with hasty words. and on of them said to that other Donebat quod he ye do all wrong to chide or strife with me. ¶ For ye have no wit ne no reason as I have. Certes Merlin qd he of your wit ne your reason I make no force for men tell comminly that ye have no thing of god almygfty sith ye had never father but every mau knaweth well who was your mother ¶ The messengers of the kings vortiger when they herd this strife be tuix the tow grooms they axed of them that stood besides them whence that Marlyn wos borne and also who him nourished and the folk hem told that a great gentle woman him bare in Karmardine that wos called Adhan. but never might man wit who was his father ¶ When the kings messangeris herd this tiding they went anon to him that wos wardayne of the town and toold him the kings will and his letter showed him wherefore they were comen thither. ¶ Merlin and his mother anon were sent be fore the wardayne of the town & he commanded them that they should gone to the king as it wos ordand by his messengers ¶ Merlin and his mother went thence & come unto the king & there they were underfang with much honour and the king axed of that lady if that child were her son and who him begat ¶ The lady answered full tendirly weeping and said she had never company of man worldly ¶ But sir quoth she as I wos a young maiden in my faders chambre and other of great lineage were in my company: that often times wont to play & solace. I beleft alone in my chambre & would not gone forth for byrning of the son ¶ And on a time there come a fair bachelor & entered in my chambre there that I was alone. but how he come in to me: & where I witted it never ne yet wots it not For the doors were fast barred & with me he did game of love For I ne had might ne paver him to defend fro me. & oft he come unto me in the foresaid manner so that he begot this child: but never might I wit what he was ¶ Of the answer of merlin wherefore the king axed why his castille might not stand that he had be gone ner prove. WHen Merlin had herd all that his mother had said he spoke to the king in this manner. ¶ Sir how I wos begotten ask ye no more. for it falleth not to you ne to none other to wit but telleth me the encheason wherefore I am to you brought and wherefore ye have sent after me. Certis quod the king my wise cowncelers have done me to understand that the tempest of a work that i have be gone behoveth to be tempered with your blood or the fundament shall fail for ever more· ¶ Sir quod Merlin will ye slay me for my blood to temꝑ with your mort. ye quoth the king or else shall never my castle stand as my councelars done me to understand ¶ though answered merlyn to the king Sir he said let them come by fore me tho wise concelers and I will prove that they say not well ne truly. ¶ And when the wise men were come Marlin axed if his blood were the encheason to make the work stand and endure All those wise were abashed and could not answer ¶ Merlin tho said to the king Sir I shall you tell the encheason wherefore your work thus falleth & may not thand. ¶ There is under the mountain there that ye have belden your tower a great pond of water & in the bottom of the pond under the water there is two dragons that on is white that other reed that fighten to gods against your work ¶ Do ye mine deep till your men come to the pond and doth your men take a way the water all out & then ye shall see the dragons as I have you told that together fighten against your work ¶ And this is the encheason where fore the fundament falleth ¶ The king anon let dig under till that men come to that pond & let done a way all that water & there they fond ij: dragons as Marlyn had them told that egorly fought together. ¶ The white dragon eagerly assailed the reed & laid on him so strongly that he might not endure but with drew him & rested in the same cave. ¶ And when he had a while rested him he went before & assailed the reed dragon angrily & held him so sore that he might not against him endure but with drew him & rested And after come again the white dragon & strongly fought with the reed dragon & boat him evil and him overcome that he fled from thence and no more come again. ¶ Off the syngnification of t'has two dragons that were in thee bottom of the pond that fought together. THis king vortiger and his men that saugh this battle had great marvel and prayed Merlin to tell him what it might betoken ¶ Sir quod Merlin I shall you tell. ¶ The reed dragon betokeneth yourself and the white betokeneth the folk of Saxony that first ye took and held in your land that fightten against you and you have driven and enchased. ¶ But bretons of your lineage over comen them and driven them a way and sithen at the coming ayene of the saxons they recovered this land and held it for ever more and driven out the britons and did with this land all there will and destroyed cristindom thurght out this land. ¶ Ye had first joy with their coming but now it is turned to you great damage & sorrow ¶ For tho. ij brethren of Constance that wos king the which ye let sla. Shall come by for a quinzeme passed with a great power from little breton and shul a venge the death of their brother & they shall brin you first with sarow And afterward they shall slay a great part of Saxons & shall drive out all the remanant of the land & therefore abyed ye here no longer to make castle ne none other work but anon go else where your life all for to save. to god I you by take truth I have said to you of things that shall be fall. ¶ And understand ye well that Aurilanbros shall be king but he shall be enpoysened and little time shalt he regne. ¶ Of king Aurilambros how that he pursued vortiger and Engist and how they diden. MErlen and his mother departed from the king and turned again to Karmardine. ¶ And soon after tidings come to the bretons that Aurilambros & Uther his brother were arrived at Tottenesse with a great host. ¶ And anon thee Bretons assembled them and went to underfonge Aurilambros & Uther with great nobleness and had them unto london & croned aurilambros & made him king and did unto him humage And anon he axed where vortiger that was king might be founden for he would be avenged of his brother death and after he would were upon paynims ¶ And they told him that vortiger was in wales & so they lad him thiderward. ¶ vortiger witted well that though brother come him to conquer and fled thence in to a castle that wos called Gerneth that stood upon an high mantayn and there him held●. ¶ Aurilambros and Uther his brother & their folk had besieged than castle full long time for the castle was strong & well arrayed ¶ So at the last they kest wildfire and brent houses and men and all their array and os mych os was with in the castle. So that vortiger was brent among all other and so he died with much sorrow. ¶ though was Engist in Kent and reigned there and hard this tiding and anon fled & would have gone in to Scotland for to have had succour. But aurilambros and his men met with him in the northcuntre and give him battle and Engist and his men defended whiles that they might. but he & his folk were discomfited & slain. and O●ta his son fled unto york. and Aurilambros him foloed eagerly & Otta a little while ayens him stod. but afterward he put him to his merci. ¶ And arilambros underfeng him & to him & to his men gave the country of galeway in Scotlond and there they duelled ¶ The king arilambros went through out the land & put away the name of Engistland that engist after his name had called it before Thomas let he it call again great bretan and let make again churches houses of relegion Castelis cities & burghes & towns that the Saxons had destroyed and come to london & let make the walls of the cite which Engist and his folk had casten down. ¶ The bretons lad him to the mount of Anbrian some time was an house of religion that though wos destroyed through paynims. ¶ Where of a knight that was called Anbry that some time wos found of the house and therefore the hill wos called the mount of brian and after it wos called Ambresbury and shall so be for evermore. ¶ How Aurilambros did redress the land of great Bretan that was destrayed through the Saxons. HOw the king aurilambros let a mend & redress the house of Amlesburi and theridamas in put monks but now their bennonnies a little from the plaace that wos called Salisburi there that the Saxons killed the Bretans where Engist and he should have made a love day in which time there were slain a. M.lxi knights through treason of engist. ¶ The king thereof had great pit. and th●ught to make in mind of them a monument of stone that might endure to the words end. and of this thing they took their counsel what there of was best for to done. ¶ though spoke to the king the bishop of london that wos called Ternekyn that he should inquire after Marlyn. for he could best tell how this thing might best be made· and merlin after was sought & found & come to the king ¶ And the king toold him his will of the monument that he would have made ¶ though answered Merlin to the king & said there been great stonies in Irland & long upon the hill of kyan that men called Geants karoll & if they were in this place as they be ther. they would endure for ever more in remembrance of thoo knights that heir be entered ¶ Per ma●oy qd the king as hard stones be in my land as in Irland ¶ sooth qd merlin ¶ But in all your land there be none such For giants set them for great good of themself. For at every time that they were woundet or in any manner hurt they washen the stones with hot water and than they wash them there with and anon they were hole. ¶ How the bretons went for to sech the great stones in Irland. WHen thes bretons had herd of this thing they went & swore among them that they would gone seche though stonnes & took with them Uther the kings brother to be their cheftayn &. v ᴹ men and Merlin counseled them for to go unto Irland and. so they diden. ¶ And when the king of Irland that wos called Guillomer herd tell that strangers were arrived in his land he assembled a great power & fought ayens them. but he & his folk was discomfited ¶ The bretans went be for till they come to the mount of Kylian and climbed up unto the mount. ¶ But when they saw the stones & the manner how they stood they had great marvel and said bitwyn themself that no man should hem remove for no strength ne engine so huge they were & so long But merlin through his craft he removed them & brought them in to their ships & come again in to this land And merlin set the stones there that the king would have them and set them in the same manner that they stoden in Irland ¶ And when the king saugh that it was made he thanked Merlin and richeli him rewarded at his own will and that place let call stonhenge for ever more ¶ How Passent that was vortigers son & the king Guillomer come in to this land and how a traitor that was called Cappa enpuysened the king Aurilambros. ANd men shall under stand stat Passent that was vortigers son live in the same time and come in to this land with a great power and arrived in the north country and would been a venged of his faders death vortiger. ¶ And strongly trusted upon the componye that he had brought with him out of the land of Germayne and had conquered all the north country unto york. ¶ And when king Aurilambros herd this he assembled a great power of Bretons and went for to fight with passent. and he wos discomfited and all his pepull. but passent ascapped thence with sum of his men and fled thence in to Irland and come to king Guillomer and prayed him of help and succour. The king granted him with good will. and said that he would help him upon that covenant that I myself must gone with you with all my power in to breton. and I would me a venge upon the Bretons rather for they come in to my land. and token the stones with strength that is called giants karoll. The king guillomer let orden his ships and went to the see with xv. M. men and arrived in wales and be gone to rob and much sorrow did. ¶ Hit befell so that king arilombros lay seek at wynchster and might not help himself So that he sent in his name Uther his brother with a power to help wales and thitherward he went as much as he might The king of Irland and Passent had herd tell that Aurilambros was seek and to him there come a Sarizen that was called Coppa and said Sir duel ye her all in peace with your host & I be height you through my quentize that I shall slay the king aurilambros that is seek. Then said Passent if ye do so I shall you richly advance This ttoraur Coppa put upon him an abbyt of Relegion and let shave him a broad crown and come unto the kings court and said that he would help the king of his maladie· though said the tretour Coppa unto the king Sir been of good comforth for I shall yef you sich a medicine that ye shall sweet anon right and lusten to sleep and have good rest & thee traitor give him sich poysin to slep anon right and died in his sleeping. & the traitor said that he would gone out in to the field till he were a waked. and so scapped he a way. for no man had to him suspection for be cause of his habit that he was in clothed and also for his brood shavynne crown. but when the kings men it witted that he wos died they become wonder sori and fast sought the traitor But they might not find him. for that Coppa turned again to the host fro whence that he come. ¶ When Aurilambros was died a star in the morn was sein with a clear light and at the bught of the beam was say the head of an horribull dragon. WHen the king Aurilambros wos thus died & enpoysened at wynchester. on the morn after that he wos died a bout the time of prime there was say a steer great and clear and the beam of that stern wos brighter than the son and at the bought of the beem a pered a dragon's heed & out of his mouth come ij. huge lights that were as bright as any fire brenning ¶ And that one beam toward france and stryght over the see thiderward. ¶ And out of that beym room seven. beams full clear & long as it were the light fire ¶ This stern was sayne of money a man but none of them witted wat it betokened ¶ Uther that wos the kings brother that wos in wales with his host of bretons saw that star & the great light that it gave. he wondered there of gretlis what it might betoken & let call Merlin & prayed him for to tell what it might betoken. ¶ Of the betokening of the steer. MErlin saw that star & beheld him long time and sithen he quoke and weeped tendirli And said alas alas that so nobull a king and worthy is died. ¶ And I do you to under stand that Aurilambros your brother is enpeysened and that I see well in this star. & yourself is betokend by the heed of the dragon that is sein at the bought of the beem. that is yourself that shall be king & regne ¶ And by the beem that standeth toward the est is understand that ye shall get a son that shall conquer all france & all the lands that belongeth to the crown of france that shall be a worthier king & of more honour than ever wos any of his ancestors ¶ And by the beem that strechies toward Irland is betokened that ye shall get a daughter that shall be queen of Irland. ¶ And the seven. beams betoken that ye shall have seven: sons & everichone of them shall be king & regne with much honour & abide ye no longer heir but goth & yef battle to your enemies & fight with them bodily for ye shall over come them and have the victori ¶ vter thanked heartily Merlin & took his men and went toward his enemy & they fought together mortali & so he discomfited his enemy & them destroyed. And himself killed Passent that was vortiger son ¶ And his bretons killed Guillomer that was king of Irland & all his men. ¶ And Uther anon after that battle took his way toward winchester for to done enter Aurilambros king that wos his brother: ¶ But tho was the body borne to stonhenge with much honour that he had done made in remembrance of the bretons that there were slain through treason of Engist. that same day that they should have been accorded & in the same place they entered aurilambros the second year of his reign with all the worship that might belong to sich a king of whose soul god have me●ci ¶ Of Uther pendragon and wherefore he was called so ye shall here And how he was over take with the love fe Igerne that was the Earl of cornwall wife AFter the death of aurilambros: uter his brother wos crowned and reigned well and worthily and in remembrance of the dragon that he wos likened to he let make ij. dragon's through council of his bretons. & made that one for to be borne before him when he went in to battle. and that other to abide at winchester in the bishops church: ¶ And for that cause he wos called ever after Uther pendragon. ¶ And Otta that was Engistes' son commended Uther but little. that wos made new king and against him begun to move were. and ordained a great company of his friends & of his kin & of Ossa his brother & had taken all the land from humber unto york. but though of york held strongly ayenes them and nold not suffer them to come in to the cite neither to yield the cite to hem & he besieged the town anon right & gave thereto a strong assault but they of the cite 'em keeped well & strongly ¶ And when Uther herd there of he come thither with a great power for to help & rescu the town & put away the siege & give a strong battle & Otta & his company them defendid as well as they might but at the last they were discomfitid & the most part of them slain. & Otta & Ossa were taken & put in prison at london ¶ And Uther him self duelled a while at york & after he went to london. & at the estir after he would bear crown & hold a solemn fest. and let somen all his Earls and Barons that they should come to that fest and all though that had wife's should bring them also to that fest and all comen at the kings cummandment as they were cummaundid ¶ The fest wos richly arrayed & holdyn and all worthily set to meet after that they were of astat so that the earl Gorloys of cornwall & Igern his wife set●̄ alther next the king. & the king saw the fairness of that lady that she had. ¶ And wos ravished for her beauty & oft he made to her nice sembland in looking & laughing. so at the last the earl perceived the prove looking & laughing & the love between them & rose up from the ●a●ullull in wroth & teke is wife. & called to him his knights. & went thence all in wroth with out taking leave of the king The king anon sent after him that he should come again and go not thence in despite of him. ¶ And the Earl would not come again in no manner of wise ¶ Wherefore the king wos full wroth and in wrath him deffied as his deidly enemy. And the Earl went thence in to cornwall with his wife in to the Castle of tintagel. ¶ And the king let ordin a great host & come in to cornwall for to destroy the Earl if that he might. but he had put him in sich a castle that was strong and well arrayed of tintagel & would not yield him to the king. and the king anon besieged the castle & there duelled xv. days that never might sped & ever thought upon Igerne & upon her laid so much love that he not wist to done So at the last he called to him a knight that was called Ulfyn that was preue with him & told him all his council and axed of him what wos best for to done ¶ Sir qd he doth send after Merlin anon for he can tell you the best counsel of any man leaving. Merlin anon was sent after & come to the king and the king told him all his council & his will ¶ Sir qd Merlin I shall done so moche through craft that I can that I shall make you come this night in to the castle of tintagel & shall have all your will of that lady. ¶ How vter bigat on Igerne that wos the Erlis wife of cornwall Arthur king. MErlyn through craft that he could changed the kings figure in to the likeness of the Earl & Ulfyn garlois his chamberlayn in to the figure of jordan that wos the Earls chambirlayn So that each of them wos transfigured to oder lekenesse. ¶ And when Merlin had so done he said to the king Sir qd he now may ye go suddenly to the castle of tintagel & axen enter there & have your will: The king took privily all the host to govern & lead to a knight that he mich loved & took his way toward the castle & with him took ulfy his chambirlayn & merlin ¶ And when they come thither the porter went that it had been his own lord & when time come for to go to bed. ¶ The king went to bed with Igerne the Earls wife & did with her all his will and bigat upon her a son that wos called arthur. ¶ And upon the morrow the king took his leave of the lady and went again to his host: ¶ And the same night that the king lay by Igerne in bed that wos the Earls wife. the kings men gave a great assault unto the castle and the Earl and his men manli them defended But at the last it befell so that in the same assault the Earl himself wos slain and the castle taken. ¶ And the king a none turned again to tintagel and spoused Igerne with much honour and made her queen. and soon after time come that she should be delivered and beyr a child a son that wos called Arthur. and after he got a daughter that was called Amya: & when she come of age a nobull Baron that was called Aloth that wos lord of leons wed her ¶ When Uther long time had reigned there come upon him a great sickness as it were a sorrow ¶ And in the meyn time though that had to keep Otta that wos Engist son and Ossa his brother that though were in prison: they let them gone for great yefts that they hom give and went with them. ¶ And when though two brethren were ascappid and come again in their own country They ordained an grert power and begun to were eftsoons upon the king ¶ How king Uther cheese Aloth to keep the land of breton whiles that he was seek. for as much as he might not for his sickness ANd for as much as king vter was seek and might not help himself he ordained Aloth son of Eleyn that though was chosen for to be warden and cheftayn of all his folk and so he anon and his bretans assembled a great host and gave battle to Otta & to his folk. but Otta at the last wos discomfitid ¶ Hitt befell thus afterward that thes bretons had dedignation of Aloth & would not to him be attendant: wherefore the king was avoid wonder s●re & let put him in a litter in the host amongs folk: ¶ And they lad him to veroloyn that though was a fair cite. there that sent Albon wos martyred & after wos that cite destroyed with paynins & through were. & thither they had sent Otta & Ossa & their people & entered in to the town & let make fast the yates & there they held them. & the king come & them besieged & made a strong assault. but though that wei with in manli them defended ¶ The king let ordain his guns and his engines for to break the walls & the walls were so strong that nothing might them misdo ¶ Otta & his pepull had great despite that a king ligging in a litter had them besieged: & they took concell a monges them for to stand up in the morrow & come out & yef battle to the king & so they did & in that battle were both Otta & Ossa slain. & all though other that ascapped a live fled in to scotland & made Colegun there chyftayn. & the saxons that were on live & escaped fro the battle brought ayan a great strength & amongs them they said. that if king Uther were died they should well conquer the land & amongs them they thought to enposin the king & ordained men for to do this deed. and give them of yefts great plente this thing to done and they ordained hem thiderward their that the king was duelling & clothed 'em in power wede the better all for to sped therlyd purpose but nevertheless for all there falseness & quamtize they might never come to nyghthe king: ¶ But so at the last they espied that the king dranknone o'th' erlycour but only water of a cler well that was negh beside ¶ And thes false traitors upon a day privily went to the well & put therein poison so that all the water was enpoysened. and anon after as the king had dronkyn of the water he begun to fuel & soon after he died & as money as drunk of that water died also ¶ And anon as this wos espied folk of the town let stop the well for ever more ¶ When the king was dread his folk bear him to stonehenge with great solempnite of bishops & of barons that werther him to berry besides Aurilambros his brother & after turned again though everichone & send after Arthur his son & they made him king of the land with moche reverence after his fathers death xvij. year of his regne. ¶ How Arthur that wos the son of Uther was crowned after his father death and how he drofe Colegrin and the Saxons and Cheldrik of almain out of this land WHen Arthur wos made king of the land he wos but young of age of xv. year. but he wos fair and bold and doughty of body and to meek folk he wos good and curtas and large off spending and made him wonderly well beloved among all men there that it was need. ¶ And when he begone to regne he swore that the saxons never should have peace ne rest till that he had driven them out of the land. and assembled a great host and fought with Colegrin the which after the time that Otta wos died the saxons maintained. & this Colegrin wos discomfited & fled unto york & took the town and there him held. ¶ And the king besieged him there but he might nothing sped. for the cite was so strong. and they with in the town kepped the cite well and orpedly. ¶ And in the meyn time Colegrin let the town to Bladulf & fled himself to Cheldrik that wos king of Almaigne for to have of him succour & the king assemblid agret power & come & arrived in scotland with .v. C. ships. and when arthur witted of this tiding that he had not power & strength enough fight against Cheldk he let be the siege & went to london and sent anon his letters to the king of litil bretan that was called Hoel his nepheu his sustres son that he should come to him with all the power that he might and he assemblid a great host & arrived at southinton. ¶ And when king arthur it witted he wos glad i enough & went against them & them received with much honour so that those ij. hosts met & assembled them and took their way even unto Nichol that Cheldrik had besieged but it wos not taken ¶ And they come upon cheldrik & his pepull or they witted were that they were & them egrely asseilled. ¶ The king cheldrik & his many defendid them manly by their power. but king arthur & his men killed so monny saxons that never wos say sich slaughter. ¶ And Cheldrik & his men that were left a live fled a way. ¶ And arthur them pursued and drove out them in to a wood that they might no ferther pass Cheldrik & his men saw well that they were brought in to much disease & them yold to arthur in this manner wise that he should take their horse and their armour & all that they had they must onli gone on foot in to their ships. and so they would gone home in to there own land and never come again in to this land. ¶ And upon assurance of this thing they yeven him good hostages. ¶ And arthur by council of his men granted this thing and resaved the hostages and there upon the other went to their ships: ¶ And when they were in the hy see the wind changed as the devil it would and they turned their navy and come ayen to this land and arrived at Totnesse & went out of the ships and took the land & clen rob it & much pepull slew and taken all the armour that they might find and so they went forth till they come unto Bathe. but the men of the town shitten fast their yates and nold not suffer them to come with in the town and they defendit them well and orpedly against them. ¶ How Arthur gave battle unto the Saxons when they come again in to this land & besieged the town of bathe & them over come. WHen arthur herd this tiding he let hung anon the hostages and left Hoel of bretan his nepheu for to keep the march toward scotland with half his pepull. and himself went to help and rescu the town of Bathe and when he come thither he give a strong battle to Childrik and killed almost all the people that he had· for no man might him withstand ne endure under thee stroke of his sword. ¶ And there both were slain Colegrin & Bladud his brother ¶ And Cheldrik fled thence and would have gone to his ships. But when arthur it witted he took ten M knights to Cador that was Earl of cornwall for to let & stop his coming. ¶ And arthur himself went toward the march of scotland. for messengers told him that the scots had besieged Hoil of bretan there that he lay seek and therefore he hasted him thitherward ¶ And Cador pursued after Cheldrik & took him ere he might come unto his shyppis and killed Cheldrik and his pepull. ¶ And when Cador had done this voyage: he hasted him again as fast as he myhht towards Arthur. and fond him in Scotland there that he had rescued Hoel of britan. But the scots were far with in Mounref. And there they held them a while but arthur them pursued & they fled thence in to Lymoigne that were in that country lx. isles and great plenty of briddis & great plenty of Egels that were woned to cry and fight to geders and make great noise when folk come to rob that land and weren as much as they might & so they did for the Scotts were so great raveners that they took all that they might found in the land of Lymoign with out any sparing & there with charged again the folk in to Scotland for to wend. ¶ How king arthur axed of merlin the aventurs of vi. of the last kings that were to regne in england & how the land should enden▪ SIr qd Merlin. in the year of the incarnation of ihu christ. M.cc.xu shall come a Lamb out of Wynchestr that shall have a white tongue & true lippis: & he shall have written in his heart holiness. ¶ This Lam shall make money God's houses. & he shall have peace the most part of his life And he shall make on of the fairest places of the world that in his time shall not fulli be made an end of. ¶ And in the end of his life a wolf of a strange land shall do him much harm & sorrow through were but at the end the lamb shall be master through help of a red fox that shall come out of the northwest & him shall over cum & the wolf shall die in water. And after that time the Lamb shall live no while but he shall die ¶ His seed shall be in a strange land. & thee land shall be with out a governor a little tyme. ANd after this time shall come a dragon melled with mercy and eke with woodenness and that shall have an beard as a good that shall yef in england shadow & shall keep the land from cold & heat & his on foot shall be set in wyke & that other in london and he shall embrace in habitations and he shall open his mouth toward wales & the trimbiling of the hidour of his mouth his ears shall stretch toward money habitations and cuntres and his breath shall be full sweet in strange land ¶ And in his time shall the riverse run blood and with brain. & he shall make in places of his land walls that shall do much harm unto his seed after his time ¶ Then shall there come a pepull out of the north west during his reign that shall be lad through out a wicked hare that the dragon shall do crown king that afterward shall i'll ower the see with out coming ayene for dread of the dragon. ¶ & in that time the son shall be as read as blood as men shall see through out all the world that shall be token great pestilence and death of folk through dint of suerd and that pepull shall been fatherless tile the time that the dragon die through an hair that shall move ayens him were unto the end of his life that shall not fully be endit in his time ¶ This dragon shall be hold in his tyin the best body of the world and he shall die by sides the marches of a strange land & the land shall duel fatherless with out a good govern and men shall weep for his death from the isle of shepey unto the haven of mareil ¶ Wharfor alas shall be their song of fadroles folk that shall over lyven in his land destroyed. ANd after this dragon shall come a good out of kar that shall have horns and a beard of silver and there shall come out of his nostril a domp that shall be token hunger & sorrow and great death of the pepull and much of his land in the beginning of his reign shall be wasted ¶ This good shall go over to france and shall open the flower of his life and death In his time there shall a rise an Eagle in cornwall that shall have fetres of gold that of pride shall be with out peer of the land & he shall despise lords of blood and after he shall flee shamefully by a bear at Gaversech and after shall be made breggis of men upon the costs of the see and stonies should fall fro castles & money other towns shall be made plain ¶ In this time shall seem that the bear shall burn & a battle shall be done upon the arms of the see in a field ordained as a shield ¶ And at that battle shall die moni whit heedis wherefore his batal shall be called the white batiill. ¶ And the forsayed bear shall done this good much harm & it shall come out of the south-west & of his blood: than shall the good lose much. & of his land. till at the time that shendship shall him over cum and than shall he cloth him in a lion skin. and than shall he win that he had before lost and more there to ¶ For a pepul shall come out of the northwest that shall make the good so soyr a dread & he shall a venge him of his enemies through cuncel of two owls that first shall be in peril for to be undone. but the old owl shall wend away a certain tyme. and after he shall come again in to this land ¶ Thes two owls shall do great harm to money on & so they shall council the good to arere were against the forsayed bear. & at the last the good & the owls shall come at burton upon trent and shall wend over and for dread the bear shall i'll. and a swan with him fro his company to burton toward the north & there they shall be with an hard shower and than the suan shall be taken & slain with sorrow and the bear taken and heeded alther next his nest that shall stand upon a broken brige on whom the son shall cast his beams. and money shall him seek for virtue that from him shall come ¶ In the same shall die for sorrow and care: a people of his land so that money lands shall be upon him the more bolder afterward. and those two owls shall do much harm to the foresaid flower of life & her shall lead in to distress so that she shall pass over the see in to france for to make peace between thee good and the flourdelise and there she shall duel till a time that her seed shall come & sech her & they shall be still till a time that they shall hem cloth with grace and they shall sech. the owls & shall put them to despitous death ¶ And after shall this good be brought to disease and grett anguissh. and in sorew he shall leave all his life. AFter this Good shall come out of windsor a bore that shall have an head of a white lions heart and pytuus looking ¶ His visage shall be rest to seek men. his breast shall be staunching of therst to them that be thersty. his word shall be gospel his bearing shall be meek as a Lamb. ¶ In the first year of his reign he shall have great pain to justify them that be untrue. And in his time shall his land be multiplied with aliandes. ¶ And this bore through fierceness of heart that he shall have shall make wolves to becum lambis: and he shall be called through out the world bore of holiness fersnes of nobleness & of meekness and he shall done measurably all that he shall do unto the burgh of jerusalem and he shall whet his teth upon the yates of Paris and upon iiij lands. Spayn's shall tremble for dread Gascoigne shall sweat. in france he shall put his wing. his great tail shall rest in Englond softly almain shall quake for dread of him. ¶ This bore shall yef mantles to ij. towns of england and shall make the Rever rene with blood and brain. & he shall make money medous reed. and he shall get as much as his ancestors' did: and or that he be died he shall beyr iij. crowns and he shall put a land in to great subjection and after it shall be relieved but not in his tyme. ¶ This bore after he is died for his doughtynes shall be entered at Coloyn & his land shall be than fulfilled of all good AFter this boor shall come a lamb that shall have feet of lead and an heed of brass and heart of a lop a swines skin and an hard and in his time his land shall be in peace the first year of his reign he shall do make a cite that all the world shall speak there of ¶ This Lamb shall lose in his time a great paart of his land through an hideous wolf but he shall recover it & give an lordship to an Eagle of his land and this eagle shall well govern it till the time that pride shall him over come Alas the sorrow For he shall die of his brethers suerd and after shall the land fall to the foresaid lamb that shall govern the land in peace all his life's time & after he shall die and the land be fulfilled of all manner good. AFter this lamb shall come a moldwarp cursed of god's mouth a caitiff a coward an hare. he shall have an Elderly skin as a good and vengeaunse shall fall upon him for sin ¶ In the first year of his reign he shall have of all good great plenty in his land and toward him also. and in his land he shall have great presing till the time that he shall suffer his pepul live in to mich pride with out chastising wherefore god will be wroth. ¶ Than shall arise up a dragon of the north that shall be full fers and shall meve were ayens the foresaid Moldwarp and shall yef him bataell upon a stone ¶ This dragon sholl gather again in to his company a wolf that shall come out of the west to meve were against though foresaid moldwerp in his sied and so shall the dragon and he bind their tails together ¶ Than shall come a Lion out of Irland that shall fall in company with hem. and than shall trembull the land that shall be called england as an aspyn leef. & in that time shall castles be fellid down upon Thamyse and it shall seem that severne shall be dri for the bodies that shall fall died therein. The iiij. chief floods in Englond shall ren in blood. & great dread shall be and anguissh that shall arisen: ¶ After thee Moldwarp shall i'll and the dragon ¶ The lion and the wolf shall then drive a way. & the land shall be with out them. And the moldwarp shall have no manner power saf only a ship where to he mawend ¶ And after that he shall gone to land when the see is with draw And after that he shall yef the third part of his land for to have the fourth part in peace and rest. and after he shall life in sorrow all his life's time ¶ And in his time the hot baths shall becon cold. and after that shall the molwarp die auentou●sli and sodanli Alas for sorrow. for he shall be drowned in a flood of the see: his seed shall become fadreles in strange land for evermore. And than shall the land be departed in to three parts. that is to say to the wolf to the dragon and to the lion. ¶ And so shall it be for ever more. and than shall this land be called the land of conquest And so shall the rightful heyris of england end. ¶ How Arthur over come Guillomer that was king of Irland and how the scotes become his men. WHen Guillomer that was king of Irland hard tidings that king Arthur was entered at Glastenbury. he ordained a great power of Irissh men and come to the see with his Irissh pepull and so come in to Scotland over the see. and arrived fast by their that king Arthur wos with his host and anon as he wist there of. he went towards him. and give him battle. and over come him anon right. and guyllomer fled with his men again in to irland. ¶ And when this was done & he discomfited Arth ● turned him again there that he was in to the place there that he had left the Scotys and would have them all slain. But the bishops abbots and other folk of the country and ladies open heed con before king arthur and cried him mercy and said sir gentle king and mighty have mercy and pit upon us. And as yourself be of the right law to hold and maintain cristindom. for full great dishonour it should be to kill them that believeth in all mighty god as ye done and for God's love have mercy and pit of us: and suffer us for we have had much sorrow and pine for the saxons has money time passed through our land. but that is not enough to you for often times they have us done serow and disease. ¶ For our castles they have taken and our beasts slain and eaten. and much harm they have us done: and if ye would us now kill it were no honour to a king to kill them that cries him mercy. ¶ For enough ye have done to us and has us overcummyn and for the love of god that ye will suffer us for to life & haveth mercy of christen people that beleven in christ as ye do ¶ when king arthur herd this sorrow he had pit of them. and give them liyfe and limb with out any more harm. and they fell down to his feet & than kid him and become his liege men and he took of them homages. ¶ And after that king arthur turned again with his host and come unto york. and there his biding made during that voyage ¶ And though gave he all loegers to Aloth that had spoused his sister and other yefts great plenty and though was Gawen his cousin but of young age and to all his other men that him had served in his were he gave rich yefts. and he thanked them much all of their good seruesse. ¶ How king arthtr spoused Gunnore that was gunnores cousin earl of cornwall and after he conquered of guillomer all Irland WHen Arthur had brought his land in peace and rest and in good state and all wos well in every country. though took he & wedded a wife that was called Gunnor & made hirquene a fair lady and a gentle that Cador the earl of cornwall had norisshid in his chambre that wos his own cousin but never they had child to gether and nevertheless king Arthur loved her wonder well and dearly ¶ And anon as winter was passed he let assemble agret host and all his barons. and said that he would wend in to Irland for to conqure the land: & he tarried not long that he ne passed over in to Irland ¶ And Guillomer the king let assemble a great host and gave battle to king arthur. But Guillom wos discomfited and yield him to the king and become his man and to him did fault and homage and of him held all that land fro that time forward ¶ And after passed king art ● furthermore and conquered Gutland & Island and took homages of folk and of the land & there duelled xij: year in peace and reigned with joy & mirth and there wered no man ne woman upon him. ¶ And he become so curtas and large and honorabull that the emperor's court of Rome ne none oder through out all the world wos not accounted to king Arth ● that any man witted of: ne none so well prosed. ¶ And therefore the best knights of all manner lands come unto him there for to duel. and he them received with good will and reverence. ¶ And all the knights weren so good: that noman knew the wert: And therefore king Arthur made a round table that when they should sit to there meet: all should be elike high and evenly served at the table: that none of them should make a vaunce that on werhier than an other ¶ And king arthur had at that table Britons & Frenshmen Normans & flemings Burgons' Mausers & Loherms. & of all the lands a this half of monte go rye & of his land of breton & of the great Cornwail of wales & of Irland & of scotland & shortly to tell of all the lands that would worship chivalry seche come to king Arthur's court. ¶ How king Arthur went in to France and conquered that land of Froll that was a Roman and how he him killed. sith it befell that king Arthur through council of his barons and lords would go to conquer all france that though was called Gall through romans that tho held that land in their power and in their governance. & the romans had take that land to a nobul knight & a worthy of body that wos called Froll & when he witted that arthur come: he ordend an host & a great power & fought with the king. and he & his folk were discomfited & fled unto Paris. & entered the cite & closed the yates & there hem held. ¶ Arthur wist that frol wos gone to paris he pursued after & come thither & him besieged: but the Cite was so strong & well arrayed & though that were therein defended them well & manli ¶ King art r duelled theremore than a month & there wos so much people in the cite & dispendid all their victuals that were with in. & so great hunger bicom amongs them that they died wonder thikke within the cite for hunger and come ●on to Frol and prayed him to be accorded with king arthur for to have peace and they would yield them unto him and the town also. ¶ Froll saw that no longer he might hold the town ayens there will & trust gretli upon his own strength & sent to king arthur that he should come fight with him body for body. and so should they depart france between them two. ¶ King arthur anon granted it & would not that none of his people undertook the battle for him ¶ And upon the morn both come well arrayed with out paris there that they should fight and anon they smitten to geders so fiercely & so well they fought in both sidis that no man could dame the better of them ¶ And so it befell that Froll gave Arthur such a stroke that he kneeled to the ground would he nold he. and os frol withdrew his sword he wounded king Arthur in the forehead that the blood fell down by his eyn and his face: ¶ Arthur anon start up heartily when he felt him hurt as a man that seemed almost wo●d: and he took Tabourne his good suerd & drow it up an high. & give Froll such a stroke that there with he clafe his head down to the shoulders so that his helm might not be his warrant. & so he fell down died in the place. ¶ And then though of the cite made great sorrow for froll. and everichone yield them to king Arthur & the town also. and become his men and did to him humage and fault. & he underfeng them and took of them good hostages. & king Arthur after that. went forth with his host and conquered Augien and Angiers Gascoyn Pehito Naverne & Burgon Berri Lotherne Turyn and Peithers. and all the other land of france he conquered holli ¶ And when he had all conquered & taken by humages & feautes he turned again to Paris & there he duelled long tyme. & ordained peace long time over all the country & through out all france. ¶ And when peace was made over all through his noble kynghthod that he had. & also for his own worthiness. ¶ And no man werhe never so great a lord durst not move were against him noder to arise to make the land of france in quiet. & in pes he woned there ix. year & did mō● great wonders & reproved money proud men & lither tirantis them chastised afterther deseruise. ¶ How king arthr advanced all his men that had travild in his servis ANd afterward it befell thus at Estren there that he held a fest at Paris. & richly he 'gan advance his knights for their service that they had him helped in his comquest ¶ He gave to his stoward that wos called Key Augien and Angiers. And to Bedeler his botler he gave Normandy that though wos called Neustrie. and to Holdyn his chamberlain he gave Flaunders and Mance. and to dorel his cousin he gave Boloyne. and to Richard his nephu he gave Pountif. and to all other he give large lands and feys after they were of estate. ¶ And when arthur had thus his knights feffed. at averill next after sueing he come again in to Bretan his own land and after at whitsontied nex sewing be council of his barons he would be cronned king of Glomergon and held a solemn fest and let sompne knyghtis Earls and Barons that they should come thedre everyone. & there was Scaterking of scotland Cadwere king of South-Wales ¶ Guillomer king of North-Wales. Maded king of Irland Malgamus king of gutlande Achilles' king of Iseland Aloth king of denmark Gonewas king of norway and Hell his cousin king of dorkeny Cador king of little breton Morwith earl of cornwall Mauran earl of gloucestre Guerdon earl of winches tree Boell earl of harford urtegy earl of oxford Cursall earl of bath jonas earl of chestre Eneral earl of dorsestre Kimare earl of salusberi Waloth earl of cante●beri jugerne earl of chichestre Arall earl of leicester and the earl of werwik and money other more rich lords ¶ Bretons also there come more that is to say Dippon Donaud Gennes and money oder that be not named heir were at that fest and money afair fest king arthr had holden before but never none such ne so solemn. and that lasted xx. days with much honour and mirth. ¶ Of the letter that wos sent from Rome for pride to king arthr THe third day as king Arthur sat at his meet among his kings and among them that sittyn at the fest byfo● them come in xij. elder men of age richeli arrayed. and courtesli they salved the king and said they come from Rome sent as be messengers fro the Emperor. and took to him a letter that thus much was to understand: ¶ Greatly us meruyleth arthur that thou art once so hardy with eyen in thy heed to make open were & contake against us of Rome that own all the world to dame for thou hast never yet before this time proved ne assayed thy strength of the romans. and therefore thou it shall in a little time: ¶ For julius sesar conquered all the land of Bretan & took there of truage and our folk have it long y had. and now through thy pride thou witholdes it: ¶ Wherefore we of rome command the that thou it yield again. and yet hast you more folly done: that thou hast slain Froll that wos our ba●on of france all with wrong. ¶ And therefore all the communs of Rome warneth the and commandeth the upon life and limb: that thou in haste be at rome amendis for to make of thy misdeeds that thou hast done ¶ And it be so that thou come not. we shall pass the hill of joy with strength: and we shall the sech where ever thou may be found and thou shalt not have a foot of land of thine own that we ne shatt destroyed it. & afterward with thy bode we shall do all our will: ¶ When this letter was red: & all men it herd: they were annoyed all at were at that solemn fest. & the bretons would have slain the messengers: but the king would not suffer them. & said that thee messengers should have no harm: & may by reason none deserve: but commanded them to be worshipfulli served. & after meet he took council of kings earls & barons. what answer he might yef again to the messengers & they concelled him at once that he should assemble agret power of all the lands of which he had lordship. and manly avenge him upon the Emperor of the despite that he had send him such an letter. & they swore by god & by his names that they should him pursue & burn as much as they might. and said that they ●old never fail king Arthur. & rather to be died. And they let write a letter to send to the Emperor by the same messengers in this manner. ¶ Off the bold answer that king Arthur sent to the Emperor of Rome and to the romans. understandeth amongs you of Rome that I am king arthur of Breton and freely it holdiss & shall hold and at Rome hastile I will be. nat to yef you truage: but for to axen truage: For Constantine that was Eleyns' son that was emporour of Rome and of all the honour that there to belongeth. And Maximian king: conquered all france & almain: & mount joy passed. & conquered all lumbardie. & thes ij. were mine ancestors' and that they held & had. I shall have through God's will. ¶ Of the reverence that king Arthr did to the Emꝓurs messangers· WHen this letter was made and enseled. king Arthur to thes messengers gave great yefts: And after that the messengers took there leave and went thence and come to the court off Rome again & told the Emperor how wortheli they were underfong and also of sich a rial company that he had him to serve. and how he wos more rial served than the Emperor of Romo or any king leaving in the world. ¶ And when the Emperor had over say the letter and herd what was there in and saw that Arthur would not be ruled after him. He let assemble and ordain an huge host for to destroy king Arthur if that he might ¶ And king arthur as touching his power and parti ordained his power and knights of the round table. ¶ Of the kings & lords that come to help king arthr ayens the Emꝓ● THe king of Scotland and of Irland and of Gutland of Denmark and of Almaigne every of them had x. M. men The duke of Normandy Gascoyn flandres Pehito and of Boloyne had iiijM. Gerin of Charthres had xM. hoel of briton had xij. M. & him se●f of his own land xijM. and of arbalastters and of archers and of other folk in foot that no man could the● number And when all were redi for to wend king Arthur his land & Gunnore his wife took to keep to on of his nephus that was a wise knight and an hardi that wos called Mordred. but he was not all true as ye shall heir afterward. king Arthur took all his revame to this Mordred saf only the crown▪ ¶ And after that king Arthur took his host and went to southamton their that the ships were brought & the folk assembled and they did go unto the see and had wind & wedre at will and as soon as they might they arrived at Harslet. and as soon as they might they went to land out of their ships and spread all over the country: ¶ How king arthur fought with a Geant in spain that the wos called Dinabus that killed Eleyn that wos king Hoels cousin of little Breton: King Arthur had not duelled in the country but a little time that men him told that there was comen a great Gegn● in to spain and had ravished fair Eleyn that was cousin unto Hoel of little bretan and had brought her upon an hill that is called the mount of scent Barnard and theridamas was no man in that country so bold ne so hardy that durst with him fight ne come nigh the place there that the giant dulled that was called Dinabus and much sorrow he did in the country ¶ When king Arthur herd this tiding he called Key and bedewer and cummanded them to gone privily and espy where the giant might be ●unden & they come to the Rinage there that men should go to the mount that wos all enclosed about with water and yet is and ever shall be. ¶ And they saw abrinning fire upon the hill. and there was also an other hill nigh that. and there wos upon that an other fire brenning ¶ Key and Bedewere come to the next hill and ●ōden a widew openhed sitting besides a tomb sore weeping & great sorrow made. & oft she said eleyn elein: & Key and bedewer axed what she was and wherefore she made so much sorrow. and who say in that tomb O qd she what sorrow and misadventure fair lords seek ye her: for if the giant may you heir find: he will you slay anon. ¶ Be still good wife qd they: there of dismay ye not. but tell us the sooth why that thou makest so much sorrow and weeping ¶ Sirs quod she: for a damsel that I norisshid with my breast that was called Ellen: that was niece to hoel king of breton. And heir lieth the body in this tomb that to me was takn to nourish. ¶ And so there come a devil a giant. and ravished her and me also: and lad us both with him away. ¶ And he would have forlayn that maid that wos so young and tender of age. But she might it not suffer. so great and so huge as the giant was ¶ And for certis if he now cum os he is wont to do. he will you both now kill: and therefore wend ye hens. Then bespoke thes two messengers: and said unto her. wherefore go ye not from hens. ¶ Certis syrs quod she when that Elin wos died the giant made me to abide to done and haunt his will. and me must needs it suffer: and god it wot I do it not with my will for me had liefer to be died. than with him to deill. so much pain & sorrow I have when he me forlieth. ¶ When Key & Bedewer had herd all that this woman them told. They turned again and come to king arthur and told him all that they had say & he●d Arthur anon took them both with him & went preveli by night that none of his host witted & come on morrow erli to the giant & fought with him str●̄gli & at thee last him slew ¶ And arthur bade bedewer smit of his heed: & bring it to the host to show them for a wonder for it wos so great & huge ¶ When they come again to the host. they told wherefore they had be out & showed to 'em the heed: & every man was glad & joyful of the worthy deed that king Arthur had done that wos their lord ¶ And hoel wos full sorrowful for his niece that wos so lost: & after when he had space he let make a fair chapel of our ladi over Elins' tomb, ¶ How kynh Arthur gave battle to the Emhrour in the which battle the Emperor himself was slain. ARthur and his pepull had tidings that the Emperor had assembled a great power as well of saracens as of paynims & cristin men. where of the number wos lxxx. M. horse men: with fo● men ¶ Arthur and his pepull ordained fast forth in their way toward the Emperor and passed Normandye and france: unto Burgoyne and would have gone to the host. for men told him that the Empronis host would come to Lucy. ¶ The Emperor and his host in the beginning of August removed from Rome and came forth right the way toward the host. though come king Arthur's espies & said if that Arthur would he should find the Emperor there fast by. ¶ But they said that the Emperor had so great power with him of kings of the land and of paynims and also cristyn pepull: that it were but folly to king Arthur to meeten with them: for the espies told that the emperor had .v. men or vi ayenest on of his. ¶ King arthur wos bold and hardy and for no thing him dismade and said. go we bodile in God's name ayens the Romans that with them lead saracens and paynims that no manner trust they have in god: but only upon their strength ¶ Go we now and sech them sharply in the name of almighty god. and slew the paynims and cristyn men that be against us with them: for to distruy cristyn men. And god shall us help them to overcome. For we have the right opinion. and therefore have we trust in god. and do we so that the enemies that be to christendom and to god. may be destroyed and over cummyn. and that men may record the worthiness of knighthood ¶ When king Arthur had thus said: they cried all with an high voice. ¶ God that is father almighty worsshipped be thy name with out end amen. And grant us grace well for to do & to destru our enemies that be ayens cristindom. In the name of the father the son & the holy ghost amen. & god yef him never grace ne worship in the world ne mci of him to have that this day shall faint well for to smit & egreli & so they ridden softeli & ordained his wings well and wisely. ¶ The Emperor herd tell that king Arthur & his folk were ready arrayed for to fight with him and thither they come and he ordained his wings in the best manner that he might and more trust upon his strength than in god almighty and that wos seen afterward ¶ For when though ij. hostis meeten the Emperor lost iiij. of his folk against on of Arthur. and so money were slain what in that on parti and in that other that it was great pit to wit & be hold. ¶ In this battle were slain through king Arthur v. kings of the paynims and of other wonder much pepull ¶ And king Arthur's men fought so well that the romans & paynims had no more strength to withstand them then xx. sheep against v. wolves ¶ And so it befell that in this battle in the shower that wos wonder hard & long during in that on side and in that other the Emperor amongs them there wos slain. but there wos no man that wist for very sooth who him slew. ¶ How king Arthur let enter his knights that he had lost there in battle and how he sent the emperor's body to Rome that there wos slain in battle. WHen the Romans witted that the Emperor wos died they forsook the field and the paynims also. And king arthr after them chased till it wos night: and so money of them killed that it was wonder to tell ¶ And though turned king Arthur again when it wos night. and thanked god of his victori. And in the morrow he let look and see all the field for his knights that he there lost that is to say Borel earl of maunt Bedewer and Key and Ligiers earl of Boloyne urgeti earl of baac Aloth earl of winchestre Cursael earl of chester and after holden earl of flanders thes were the great lords that king arthur lost in that battle with other worthy knights them among. ¶ And sum he let entire in abbeys by the country sum he let be borne in to their own country ¶ And the emperors body he let take & put upon a bear & sent it to rome and sent to say the romans that for briton and france which that he held: other truage would he none pay And if they axed him any other truages. right such truage he would them pay ¶ The king let her Key to kenen his own castle & there him entired. & Ligier wos borne to Boloyn there he was lord And Holden wos borne to flanders and there he was entered ¶ And all the other he let enter with much honour in abbaiss & in houses of relegion in thee country there that they werdeid. ¶ And arthur himself sojourned that same year in Burgon with his host. & thought the same year f●loyng to pass the mount of joy: & have gone to Rome all for to take the cite and have put the romans in subjection but thee wicked tirand Mordred him let as after ye shall heir. ¶ How the traitor Mordred to whom king Arthur took his land to keep and his Castles. and he held 'em ayens him WHen king Arthur had taken to Mordred his Ream to keep & was gone against the Emperor of Rome & was passed the see. Mordred anon took homages & feautes of all them that were in this land. & would have had the land to his own use. & took castles about and let them be arrayed ¶ And after this falseness he did an other great wrong. for against the law of cristinte he took his own emes wife as a traitor should & ordained him a great host ayens arthurs cunning to hold the land ayens him with strongth for evermore And to slay king arthur if he might & sent by the see & be land & let assemble paynims & cristin people. & he sent to saxons & to Danies for to help him ¶ And also Mordred sent to Childrik to done men to come to him out of saxoyne: that was a worthy duke & height him if that he brought with him mich pepull he would grant him in heritage for evermore all the land from beyond humber to scotland And all the land that Engist had of vortigers yeft: when that he spoused his daughter ¶ And Cheldrik come with a great strength & power of pepull. & Mordred had assembled also in his half that they had xlM. of strong knights when that they had need. ¶ How Arthur enchased Mordred the traitor and how he wos slain and also king Arthur wounded to death WHen this tidings come to king Arthur there that he w● as in Burgoyne he was full sore annoyed and took all france to hoel for to keep with halfuendel of his men and prayed him that he would it keep till he come again: for himself would wend in to Breton. and a venge him upon Mordred that was his traitor and forth went his way. and come to whitsand and made his men to gone in to ship and would have arrived at sandwich. and brought with him a great host of fraunch men also with his own land men. But or that he might come to land with his pepull that were comen out of his ships Mordred was comen with all his power. and gave a strong battle. so that king Arthur lost many a man or that he might come to land ¶ For there was Gawen his nephu slain and Augnissell that held Scotland and money other. whereof king Arthur wos full sori: But after that they were comen to land Mordred might not against them endure. but anon wos discomfited and fled thence the same night with his men and upon the morn come to london but though of the cite would not suffer him to come in. and from thence he fled to winchester & there he him held with his pepull that come with him ¶ King Arthur let take the body of Gawen his cousin and the body of Augnissell and let them be borne in to Scotland in to there own country & there they were entired. ¶ And after anon king Arthur took his way to destroy Mordred. and he fled thence in to Cornewail ¶ And the queen Gunnor that wos king arthurs wife that though sogerned at york and herd that Mordred wos fled thence & that he might not endure ayens king Arthur. she wos soradrad and had great doubt and witted not what wos best all for to done. For she wist well that her lord king Arthur would never of her have mercy For the great shame that she had him done. and took h●● way privily with iiij. men with out more and come to Karlion & there she duelled all her life's time & never was sayne among folk her life during. ¶ Arthur witted that Mordred wos fled in to cornwall and let send after his men in to scotland and northhumberland unto humber and let assemble folk with out number & come fro thence in to cornwall to sech and pursue after Mordred ¶ And mordred had assembled to him all the folk of cornwail and had pepull with out number and witted that Arthur was coming and had liefer to die and take his chance than longer i'll. & aboid and gave an hard battle to king arthur and to his pepull so that so much pepull was slain what of that on side and of that other that no man witted who had the bettir parti. ¶ But so it be fell at the last that Mordred wos slain and all his folk and the good chivalri that king arthur had gathered and norishid of divers lands and also the nobull knights of the round table that so much was prased through out all the world werther slain. and arthur himself was wounded to the death. but he let him be borne in a litter to a vyoun to be heeled of his wounds & yet the bretons supposen that he liveth in an other land. and that he shall come yet and conquer all breton. ¶ But certis this is the prophecy of Merlin he said that his death shall be dowtous: and said sooth for there of yet men have doubt & shul have for ever more as men sayen ¶ For men wots not whether that he is on live or died. ¶ Arthur was borne to Auyon the xxij. year of his reign after the Incarnation of our lord thun christ vC. and xlvi. year. ¶ How king Arthur delivered the ream unto Costantine the son of Cador his Niphu: WHen king Arthur witted that he might regne no longer he let come before him Costantine that wos Cador's son earl of cornwall his cousin & to him betook all his ream and to him said and bade him thereof to be king till that he come again for as much as he had none heir of his body begotten and harm wos ●t that so nobull a king and so doughty as he was had no child of his body begotten. But all thing that god will have done must be done. whose name be blessed with out end Amen. ¶ How king Costantine was wered of Mordredes ij. sonnis This Costantine wos a nobull knight and a worthy of body & though ij: sons that Mordred had begotten had great envy unto Costantine that though was crowned king. ¶ And so it befell that they begun to move were ayenes him & assembled a great host of them that were before with mordred: and had been driven away: and that did much sorrow through all that land. that ●on brother ordained him to london for to take the cite· and that other to wynchistre: ¶ But Costantine come to london and slew him that was ther. and after he went to wynchestre & slew him that there was also So that both his enemies were died ¶ And when Costantine had reigned worthily iiij. year than he died and lieth at london. ¶ Of the kings Adelbright and of edel. AFter king Costantines' death there were ij. kings in bretan that on was called Adelbright that was a danoys & he held the country of norfolk & southfolk. that other height edel & waas a breton. & he held Nichol Lindesei & all the land unto humber ¶ Thes ij. kings fast wered to geders: but after they were accorded & loved together as they had be bore of o body ¶ The king edel had a sister that wos called Orewenne. & he give her through great friendship to king Adelbright to wife. And he begat upon her a daughter that was called Argentill. and in the third year after come upon him a strong sickness that needs he must die. ¶ And he sent to king edel his brother in law that he should come & speak with him & he come to him with good will ¶ Thomas prayed he the king & conjured also in the name of god. that after when he were died. he should take Argentill his daughter & the land: & that he keeped her well & nourish her in his chambre. ¶ And when she were of age she should be married to the strongest and worthiest man that he might find and than he should yield up her land again. ¶ edel it granted and by oath confirmed his prayer. & when a delbright was died and entered: edel took the damosel argentill: & nourished her in his chambre. & she become the fairest creator that might live or any man find ¶ How king edel married the damosel to a knave of his kichen THis king edel that wos uncle to the damosel Argentil bethought how that he might falslis have the land from his niece for ever more & falseli ayenest his oath thought to deceive thee damosel and to marry her to a knave of his kichen that wat called Curan & he become the worthiest & strongest man of body that any man witted in any land that though lived. and to him he thought her shendfulli have married: for to have had her land afterward. but he wos clen deceived. ¶ For this Curan wos Havelockes fon that wos king of Kyrkelane in denmark. and this Curan conquered his wife's land afterward. & slew king edel that wos his wife's uncle: and had all her land: os in an other place it telleth more openli & he ne reigned but iij. year for saxons & danies him killed: and that was great harm to all breton. & bretans bore him to Stonkenge & there they him entered with much honour. ¶ Of king Conan that wos Curan cousin. AFter this curan reigned Conan that was his cousin that wos a wonder proud knight and reigned & could have no manner of love but ever he was meddling with his pepull. and took his vnkill with were & killed his ij. children. ¶ The saxons wered against him often times but he them over come. And so he was in peace all his life's time: & he reigned xiv. year and after he died and lieth at London. ¶ Of king Cortif and of Gurmond that come through thee paynims in to briton. AFter this conan reigned his cousin Cortif that was bihated of all his pepull and nothing beloved. And this cortef lost all Britan through were. and in his time fell that great mischief in breton that cristyndom wos destroyed and all the britons were driven out of the land. & the land lost w●th out any recover. but afterward left the land to saxons. as ye afterward shall heir ¶ For in that time there was a paynim that was called Gurmond that wos the kings son Daufrikes of the paynymies folk that had the ream after his father: and wos king safe he bequaeth and gave it to his brother. & said that he nold never be king but if he might get and conquer a ream in a strong country. ¶ For he wos bold & strong of body: & of him ꝓphesied Merlyn & said that he should be a wolf of the see. and he let assemle paynims with out number and let a peril ships & went by money landdis & took homages & feautes of money: & so he went by the see & conquered money diverse londis ¶ So that he come to Irland and conquered that land. that oft times wered upon bretons: and bretons upon them. & oft wonen and oft losten: And yef hostages to bretons. and so they sent to Gurmond there that he was in ireland that he should come in to Briton & help them against the britons. to help them to deliver that land of them. & they would him hold gladly for their lord. for he wos a paynim and the were paynims and the bretons were cristin. well ought he them for to help so as they were all of on law: ¶ When Gurmond herd this prayer he hasted him as much as he might & arrived in scotland & come in to Northhumberland there that the saxons were duelling. & they confirmed the connauntes by twen them that were made by oaths & be hostages for to beir him true faith & hold him for lord & pay to him truage by year. ¶ though began the saxons & the africans to destroy rob & bren towns & destru all thing in as much as they might. and spared nether man ne woman ne child lered ne lewd. but all they killed & cast down towns castles & churches. ¶ And so put they all the land in great destruction. & as soon as they might fleyn they fled thence as well poer as rich bishops abbots chanons· & all other great and small sum in to little briton and sum in to cornwall. all though that ships might have. ¶ How kyns Gurmond drofe the king Cortif to Chechestre and killed the bretons: and through quentise get the town COrtif the king fled thence in to Chechestre that though was a good cite and a strong: & there held him xx. days. And this Gurmond come and it besieged. but the cite was so strong that he might not get it by no manner of wise ne engyn that he might done. ¶ though bythought they upon a great quentise for to bren the town. they made engines with glue of nets and took pieces of tunder and of fire and bond it to the sparous feet and afterward let them i'll. And they anon right flow and logged them in the town there that there nestis were. and in stakkes & in evyssinges of houses. & the fire began to tend & brend all the town ¶ And when the britains saw that. in every side they hied them out & fought but anon they were slain & discomfited & whiles the battle dured the king privily hid him & stole a way in to wales & men wist never where he become. and so was the town of chechistre taken and destroyed: ¶ And after Gurmond went and destroyed cities and towns that never were afterward made a yene as it is seen yet in this land in money places ¶ How this land was called england for the name of Engist: and how money kenges were made after in the land. WHen Gurmond had destroyed all the land through out he give the land to the Saxons. and anon they took it with good will For the saxons long time had desired it for as much as they were of Engistes' kindred that first had all the land of Breton: and let them be called english men for be cause of Engistes' name And the land they let call england in theridamas language & the folk been called englishmen for os moch os in his time it wos called Engist land when he had conquered it of vortiger that spoused his daughter. but from the time that Brut come first in to England this land was called Breton & the folk britons But sith the time that this Gurmond eftsoons conquered it & give it unto the saxons. and they anon right changed the name as before is said. ¶ And when this wos done Gurmond passed over in to france. & there conquered money lands & destroyed all christian pepull there that he come. and the saxons duelled in this land & bigane fast it to inhabit at their own will. and they would have made new kings & lords but they might never assenten to have only o king for to be to them entendant. & therefore they made money kxnges in diverse shires as it was in Engistis time ¶ The first king done wos Kent & that other southsex & the third westsex and the fourth estsex and the v. Northumberland & the vi. Estangle that is to say Norfolk and southfolk and the seven. Me●chenrich & that is the earldom of Nicholl huntyngdom herford glousestre winchistre berwick & derby. & so departed the english all england in seven. ꝑtes. ¶ And after that it befell that though kings wered oft time together & ever he that was strongest took him that was febelest & so it wos long time that they had no king crowned among them ne no cristyn man wos tho amongs them ne cristyndom neither ¶ But were paynims till that sent Gregori wos pape of Rome that had seen child of the nation of Englong in the cite of Rome that were wonder fair creatures & had great will & desire them to behold. & axed of the marchantis whence they were & of what nation: & men told him that they were of Englond. & englissh they were called: but they and all the pepull of england were paynims. & believed not upon god ¶ Alas qd sent gregori well may they be called english for they have the visages of Angels & therefore well ought they to be christen ¶ And for this cause sent gregori sent there sent Austin in to england: & xl. good men with him that were of good life & holy men to preach & teach & to convert the english pepull & them turn to god. & that was in the vi. year that sent Gregory had been pape of Rome: that is to say after the Incarnation of our lord ihu christ v. C.lxxxv. year as the chronicles telleth. ¶ How sent Austyn baptized and converted king Adelbright and the bishops that he made his fellows. WHen sent Austyn come first in to Englond. he arrived in the isle of Tenet. and so passed forth and come unto Cantorberi and theridamas sojourned and king Adelbright of kent the was of the lineage of Engist. fair undirfenged sent Austyn & his fellows with much honour. and them founden all that them needed And more over he give them a fair place that now is cadled the abbey of scent Austin. in which place he lieth himself shiyned ¶ This king Adelbright wos a good man. & with good will herd sent austin predications and give him leave to preach through out all his land of kent to turn and convert to him all thee pepull that he might. ¶ It befell so afterward through God's grace: that in little time the king himself was converted to god & all his pepull of his land was baptisid ¶ And in the meyn while the pepull turned them to god: sent Austyn come to Rochestre & there he preached the word of god. And the paynims therefore him scorned. and cast upon him reigh tails: so that all. is mantel was hanged full of thes reigh tails ¶ And for more despite they cast upon him the guts of reighes and of oder fish wherefore the good man sent austin wos sore annoyed and grieved and prayed to god that all though child of that cite that should be borne afterward that is to say in the cite of Rochester. might have tailles and so they had. ¶ And when the king herd of this vengeance that wos fallen through sent austyns prayer He let make an house in honour of almighty god. where in women should be delivered of their child at the brigges end. in the which house yet women of the Cite been delivered of child. ¶ When sent Gregori had herd tell how the english pepull were turned to god & converted. he sent unto sent austin. his pallione by a bishop that wos called Paulin and mad● him premat & archbishop of england & sent word that he should ordain and make by shoppis in the land ¶ And anon as austin had the pallion of the dignity of the Ersbishop he made: ij. bishops of his fellows that come with him from rome that on was called Mellyt & he duelled at london. and that other wos called justin that held the dignity of rochester & this bishop Mellit tho went to preach in to Essex & baptized the king of the country that wos called Sycwith that was king Adelbrightis cousin his sisters son ¶ This justin went to preach in southsex & turned much of the people to god And sent austin him self preached through out england. ¶ How sent austin went in to wales their that the bretons were. & how they nold not be obedient to the archbishop of cantorbury WHen all england wos baptized & turned to god sent austin went in to that land there that the bretons were for to keep them from englishmen that is to say in to wales. and there he founden monks and abbeys and seven. bishops ¶ For the britons destroyed all way the cristyn people that sent austin had converted & he said to the bishops that he wos a legate of rome & pmmat of all england & that they should by all reason to him be obedient. & they said they nold not ¶ But to the archbishop of Carlion the would. they nold never for no manner thing be obedient to the englishmen ¶ For the englishmen they said been our adversaries & our enmis & have driven us out of our country & we be cristin men & ever has been & the englismen have ever been paynims but now of late that they be converted ¶ Sent austin might of them none onsuer have otherwise. but said pertly that they nold never them meek to him ne to the pope of rome. ¶ And scent austin turned again though to king Adelbright that was king of Kent. and told him that his folk nold not be to no man obedient but to the archbishop of karlion ¶ And when the king herd this he wos sore annoyed & said that he would them destroy and sent to Elfrid king of Northhumberland that wos his friend that he should come to him with all the power that he might and that he should meet him at leicester and from thence they would gone in to wales and their destroy the archbishop of Carleon and all though that had refused sent austin. ¶ How king Adelbright and the king Elfrid killed brecinal that wos a king of bretons that held the country of Leicestre IT befell so that there was a king of Breton that held the country of leicester and all the country about▪ his name was Brecinall ¶ And this breton herd tell that though ij. english kings would meet there at leicestre for to wend in to wales. he let ordī all the power that he had to fight with thes two kings but little it availed him for his folk that he had were slain & himself fled & lost his lands for ever more. ¶ And thes ij. kings adelbright & Elfrid duelled a while at leicester & departed the land amongs them & took homages & feautis of folkè of the country: & after they went toward wales & though of wales herd tell of the scomfitur that Brecinal had at leicester and were wonder sore a dread of though ij. kings. & took and chose amongs them good men and holy. of hermits monks & priests & of other pepull great plenti that went barefoot & wellewerd for to have mercy of thes ij· kings ¶ but though kings were so stern & so wicked that they nold never speak with them. but killed them everyone ¶ Alas for sorew for they ne spared 'em no more than the wolf doth the shep: but smitten of their hedis everyone & so they were all martyred that to them come that is to understand v. C. & xl. & afterward they went from thence to Baugore for to kill all thoos that they might there find of the bretons ¶ And when the bretons herd that: they assembled & ordained all there power for to fight with them. though wos their abaroun in wales that wos called Bledrik of cornwall that sum time was lord of Denshyre but the king Adelbright had driven him out into wales. & after there he yef them battle. & at that battle was king adelbright slain & Elfrid wounded sore & for soak the field & the most part of his pepull slain. and elfrid fled in to northhumberland that wos his own land ¶ And after the pepull of Leicestreshire made with strength Cadewan that was Brecynals' son king of leicester and he after reigned nobulli & with great honour. ¶ How Cadewan king of leicester and Elfride king of northhumberland were friends. and of the debate that after wos between Edwin and Cadwalyn that were both their sons. ANd after that this battle wos done. the Bretons assenled them and went thence. and come to leicester and made their Cadewan that was Brecinales son king of leicester & of all the country. and he took homages & feautes of all the folk of the country. & after that he assembled a great host & said he would go in to Northhumberlond to destroy kig Elfrid & slay him if he might & when he was comen thither. friends went so between them & made them accorded in this manner That Elfrid should hold all the land from humber unto scotland. & Cadewan should have all the land athis side humber to the south. and after that they become good friends all there life's time & loved together as they had be ij. brother ¶ And this Elfrid had a son the was called Edwin that had & held all the land of northhumberland after his faders death as his father had hold all his life's time ¶ And Cadewan had an other son that wos called Cadwalyn that held his faders land as he it helnd whiles he wos a live & they loved together as they had be brother. ¶ And the love lasted bituix them but only ij. year: & after began debate between them through a lither enuyus cousin of cadwalyns that wos called briens. so that they assembled a great host in both ꝑtes: & at the last it befell that cadwalyn wos discomfited & edwin him pursued & drove him from place to place: so at the last he i'll in to ireland ¶ And this oder destroyed his land: & cast down castles & brent his manners & departed all cadwalyns' land among his friends ¶ And long time after come cadwalyn again from ireland with a strong power & in plain battle killed Edwin & all his friends & namely though that with held his londis through Edwin'S yift. ¶ How king Oswold wos killed through king Cadwalyn & Peanda. and how Oswy that wos sent Oswaldes' brother reigned after him and killed Peanda WHen that Edwin wos slain Offris his son undertook the were ayens Cadwalyne his eme so that this Offris died during the were ¶ And after the death of Offris though reigned a gentle cristyn man that much loved god almighty. that had all the land of Northhumberland by heritage that was called Oswald. and he wos king of all that land. ¶ But for as much as he wos friend to Edwyne and held a great part of the land of Cadwalin. this same cadwalyn wered upon him and drefe him toward scotland ¶ And when Cadwalyn saw that he would not abide Cadwalyne nold no longer him pursue but took some of his folk to Peanda his brother in law and prayed Peanda to pursue after Oswald till that he were taken and slain And Cadwalyne turned home again ¶ When Oswalde herd the tiding that Cadwalin turned home again: he would no longer i'll but aboid Peanda & gave him battle & Peanda was discomfited and fled and come again to Cadwalyn and said that he would never hold o foot of land of him but if so were that he would a venge him of Oswald. ¶ Cadwalyn let assemble a great host for to fight with Oswald. so that he & Peanda come to Northhumberland & give battle unto Oswald & in the same battle was oswald slain and his heid smitten of. and after he wos entered at the abbey of Bardeney in which place god hath wrought for him money a fair miracull both there & else where ¶ And anon Oswy his brother seized all the land in to his hand that wos this Oswaldis & the folk of Northumberland loved him wonder well & held him for there lord· but he had men of his kin worthy enough that would have departed the land. and they wered to gedre well and for as much as they were not strong enough they come to Pianda and prayed him of help and succour and biheght him of that land largely upon this covenant that he would them govern and help & counceill. ¶ Peanda herd there prayer: and so spoke with the king Cadwalin that he should ordain a great host and fast ordain him in to Northhumberland for to fight with Oswy ¶ And Oswy was a meek man and mich loved peace and charity & prayed Peanda of love and peace. and ꝓferrid him of gold and silver great plent● ¶ And this Peanda was so proud that he nold grant him peace for no manner thing: but for all thing he would with him sight. So at the last there was set a day of battle ¶ And Oswy ever had trast upon god. And Peanda trast to much upon his pride and upon his host that he had. and together they smitten eagerly. but Peanda anon wos discomfited & slain. and this was after the Incarnetion of our lord ihu christ viC. & lv. year And this Oswy reigned xxviij. year. and a king that wos called oswin that wos Peandais cousin wered upon king Oswy & together fought. but Oswy had the victori of oswin & oswin was discomfited & slain and lieth at Tynnemouth. ¶ How king Cadwaldre that wos Cadwaleynes' son reigned after his father and was the last king of Bretons. AFt the death of Cadwalyn reigned his son Cadwaldre well and nobulli and his mother was the sister of king Peanda ¶ And when he had reigned xij: year. he fell in to a great sickness. and than wos there a great descorde by twen the lords of the land. that every on of hem wered upon other And yet in that time there fell so great dearth and scarcity of corn & other victuals in this land that a man might go iij. days or iiij. fro town to town that he should not found to buy for gold ne salu bred wine ne none other victual: wherewith a man might leave. but onli the pepull live by roots of herbis. for other living had they none so mich wos it faillid all a bout. fisshis wildbestes & all other thing. so that yet to this misadventure there fell so great mortality & pestilence among the pepull. by the coruption of the eir: that the leaving pepull ne sufficed not to beri the died bodies: for they died so sodenli both great and small. lord and sarnand: os they ●ten & going & speaking they fell down & died: so that never wos herd of more sudden death among the pepull. for he that went for to beri the died body: with the same died body was buried ¶ And so they that might i'll fled & for soak their lands & houses as well for the great hunger dearth & scarcite of corn & other vital: as for the horibull mortality & pestilence in the land. & went in to other lands for to save their lives: & left the land all desert and waste so that there was not any man to travel and till the land ne eir ne sow the land· so that the land wos barren of corns & all other fruits for default of tilers: And this misadventure dured xi year & more that no man might e●● ne sow. ¶ How Cadwaldre went out of this land in to little britan. CAdwaldre saw great hunger mortality and pestilence and the land all poer. and failing corns and other vitales and his folk perysshid and saw also the most pert● of his land all wasted and voed of pepull He appareled him and his folk that were left on live. and passed over in to little Breton with a little navy unto king Aleyn that he much loved that wos his cousin. and that his father had much loved in his time ¶ And as they saled in the see. he made great lametation. and so did all though that were with him. and said. ¶ Dedisti nos domine tanquam oves escarum et in gentibus dispersisti nos. ANd than began Cadwaldre to complain him to his folk pytuusly and said ¶ Alas said he. to us wretches and caitiffs is sorrow: for our great sins of the who we would not amend us while we had space. & now repentance is comt upon us: thoro misadventure which chaseth us out of our own ream and proper soil fro. & out of the which some time Romans scots Saxons ne Danys might not exile us ¶ but what a vailleth it now to us that before time of tsythes have gotten money other lands sith it is not the will of god that we abide & duel in our own land. God that is very judge that all things knaweth before they be done or made. he seith that we would not ●esse of our synnies: and that our enemies might not us ne our lineage exile fro: & out of the ream. he would that we amended us of our follies and that we seen our proper defaults: And there for hath showed to us wrath and will chastise us of our misdeeds Sith that he doth us without batalll or strength of our enemies by great companies wricchedly to leave our own ream and proper land ¶ Turn again ye Romans. turn again ye Scotts. turn again ye Saxons: turn again ye Fraunsois: now showeth to you Bretan all desert: the which your power might never make desert ne yet your power hath not put us now in exile. but only the power of the king almighty whom we have oft offended by our follies the which we would not leaven until he chastised us by his divine power Among the words & lametation that the king Cadewaldre made to his folk they arrived in little Briton and come to king Alyne beforsayed ¶ And the king resaved him with joy. and made him to be served wonder nobly. and there he duelled long time after ¶ The english pepull that were left on live and were escaped the great hunger and mortality lived in the best wise that they might. and much pepull sprung and come of them. ¶ And they sent in to Saxony where they were borne to therfrendes for men women and children to restore the cities with pepull. and the towns that were all void of pepull and for to labour travel and till the earth ¶ When the saxons had herd this tiding they come in to this land wondirthykke in great companies. and he●berd themself in the country all a bout where that they would: for they found no man them to let ne with stand ¶ And so they waxed & multiplied gretli and used the customs of the country where of they were comen and the laws and the language of their own land ¶ And they changed the names of citeis towns castles and burghiss and give them names and called them as they now be called. ¶ And they held the counties the Baronages lordshippis and trees in manner as thee Brotons be fore time had compassed them. And among other great companies that come from German in to this land come the noble queen that was called Sexburga with men and women without number. and arrived in the country of Northhumberlond and took the land from Albion unto cornwall: for her and for her folk For there was none that might them let· for all was desilat & wid of pepull: but it were a few power Bretonis that were laft on mountans and weeds until that time ¶ And fro that time forth lost the bretons this ream for all their days. and the english pepull begun to regne and departed the land between them and they made money kings about by diverse parts of the land os heir bene devised the first of westsex the second Merchenrich: thee third Estangle the fourth kent: the fifth southsex ¶ All those reigned in this land after Cadwaldre wos passed out of this land & dwelled in little breton with king Aliyn his cousin and true friend ¶ And when he had long dulled there and had knawing that the mortality and pestilence wos over passed and that the land wos replenished of alien pepull he thought to turn again in to his land. and prayed king Alien his cousin of succour and helpee that he might be rastored again to his own proper ream and first dyngnyte and king Aleyne granted him his asking. ¶ Then did he apparel him to take his way and voyage in to this land and prayed god almighty devoutly that he would make to him demonstration yef his prayer in to this land were to him pleasant or none ¶ For ayenes the will of god almighty he would no thing done. When he had thus devoutly made his prayer a wis fro heaven to him said: and bade him leave that jornay a way in to Englond. and that he should go to the pope of Rome For it was not the will of almighty god that bretons reign more in breton ne never recover the land unto the time that thee prophecy that Merlin said before be fulfilled. and that should never been unto the time were cumin that the relics of his body shall be brought fro Rome and translait in to breton. And when the relics of other sentis that have been hid for the persecution of the paynim folk shall be funden and openli showed than shall they recover their land again: the which they have so long time lost through their deserts. ¶ When Cadwaldre had herd this answer he marveled gretli and told it to king Aleyne ¶ Than king Aleyne did send for the clarge of his land and made them to bring the stories and prophecies that Merlin and Sibyl had said in their prophecies. ¶ And when he knew that the ꝓphesy that festome had ꝓphecied of the Eagle and other prophecies accorded to the divine answer that Cadwaldre had herd he councellid to leave his pepull and his nave. and submit him to the disposition of god. and done all that the angel had commanded him. ¶ Than Cadwaladre called Ynor his son: and Ivory his cousin that was his sisters son: and saydd to them: Taketh said he my folk and my nave that his heir all ready and pass ye in to wales: and be ye lords of bretons that no dishonour come to them by interruption of the paynims folk for default of lords. ¶ And then he himself left his ream of Bretan and his folk for ever more. and took his way unto the pope of Rome Sergius the which worsshipped him much. and so he wos confessed and took penance for his sins ¶ And he had not long duelld there that he ne died the twelve Kalend of May the year of grace .v. C.lxxix. ¶ How king Offa wos soveraxn a 'bove all the kings of england ana how every king wered upon other. IT befell so that all the kings in that time that were in the land as they of Westsex Merchenrich Estangle of kent and of southsex and of other costs each wered upon other and he that was most mighty took the land of him that was most febel ¶ But there was a king amongs them that wos called Offa that wos sent Oswaldes brother. This offa conquered all the kings of the land and reigned a 'bove them all. ¶ And so great was the were in every country between kings that no man might wit how the land went ¶ But abbotis priors & men of relegion written the lives & dediss of kings and how long every of them reigned and in what country. and in what manner every king died. & of bishops also And there of made great books and let call them the chronicles. And the good king Alured had that book in his ward and let bring it unto winchester and let it be fast tached to an piler that men should it not remove ne bear it thence. so that every man might it see and there upon look. ¶ For there in be the lives of all the Kings that ever were in Englond ¶ How the king of Northhumberland Osbright for lay the wife of Buerne bocard through strength. and after this buerne conquered the king with power and strength. ANd thus it befell in the same time that there wos a king in Northhumberland that wos called Osbright and sojourned at York. and this king went him upon a day in to a would him for to disport. and when he come again. he went privily in to a good man's house that was called Buerne. & the good man of that place wos gone that time to the see. ¶ For often times he wonted there to aspie thieves and robbers that oft times were wont to come in to the land to rob burn and slay. ¶ The lady that was buernes wife was a wonder fair woman. and the king come unto her when that her husband wos absent. And so she trastid none harm unto the king: and welcomed him with much honour. and worthily him served in all thing. ¶ When the king had eaten. he took the lady by the hand & lead her in to a chamber & said that he would speak with her a council: & all the folk from the chamber he made void saf only the lady & he. but the lady witted not wherefore he it did till that he had done all his will. And when he had done this deed he turned again to york. & the ladi he left there wonder sore weeping for the deed that the king to her had done. ¶ And when her lord was comen home & saw her weep & sich some & morning make he axed of her what she had done & why she made such sorrow. ¶ Sir qd she queinteli & falseli the king Osbright me hath done shame & villainy against my will· & told him the truth how the king had her forlayne with strength where for she said she had liefer to be died than live. ¶ Fair leef be still qd he. for ayenes' strength febelnesse is little worth. & therefore of me shalt thou never the lass be loved. and namely for thou hast told me the truth. ¶ And if almighty god grant me life. I shall the well avenge. ¶ This Buerne was a great man & a mighty lord. & wos well beloved & great frindis had. and let send for the greatest lords of the land & to them made his complain of thee despite that the king to him had done. & said that he would be avenged how so ever that it were. & all his friends concelled & grented to wend unto york there that the king was: ¶ And buerne took his main & come to the king. And when the king him saw he called him courtasly Buerne by name. & buerne him answered and to him said. Sir I you defy and yield up feutes hoomages and londis and as much as I have holden of you. and so fro this time forward I will never of the nothing hold. & so he departid from the king with out more speech or any a biding. & took love of his friends & went in to Denmark: & plened to the king Godryne & told him of the despite that king Osbright to him had done of his wife: & prayed him of succour. and help him to avenge. ¶ When king Godrine of denmark and the danois had herd the complaint of this Buerne and of the preier that he had. they were right wonder glad in heart. for as much that they might find a cause for to gone in to england for to were upon the English men. & also for to avenge Buerne of the despite that the king Osbright had done unto his wife. ¶ And for as much os Buerne was sib to the king of Denmark Anon they let ordain a great host of men & let ordain them ships and as much as them need to have to that voyage. ¶ And when all the host was ready. the king made his ij: brethren chieftain's that were nobull knights of body and also bold. that on was called Hunger & that other Hubba. ¶ How the Danys took york and killed the king Osbright and afterward king Elle. WHen all thing wos ready though ·ij. bred token leave of the king Godryn and went toward the see. for to wend over in to england as fast as they might speed. Now is Buerne so well comforthed and fast hied him with the Danois that they been arrived in the north country and comen through out holderness. and destroyed all the country and burned tounnes and robbed folk: and killed all that might be taken till that they comen unto york. ¶ And when king Osbright saw them cum. he took his pepull that he had with him and come out of the cite. and fought with them. but no foison he and ayens them and much was the people that there wos slain in both ꝑtes. and king Osbright himself there wos slain: and the cite anon wos take. and the danois went in. ¶ And there wos also an other king in northumberland that Buernes friends had chosen and held him for king a man that wos called Elle: for as much as they would not to king Osbright been entendant. for the despite that he had done unto buerne their cousin ¶ Hit befell thus that the king Elle was gone to the wooed him for disport and of venison sum he had take and as he sat in the wood at meet to a knight he said: we have well sped and much venisan taken. ¶ And with that word come in a man. and to him said. if ye so much of venison had wonnen. an hundreth times so much more their against ye have lost ¶ For all this country the Danois have get. and take the cite of york. and against you should it hold that never ye shall not come therein. And for so much they haven slain king Osbright. ¶ When king Elle herd thes words. he let assemble all thee folk of the country and ordained all the power that he might have and would have get the town of york with strength but the danois comen out anon & gave him a strong battle and killed the king Elle and the most part of his pepull that he had brought with him: and the same place there they were slain shall ever more be called Ellecroft and that place is a little from york. ¶ And though rested the danois never till they had conquered all northhumberland and in that country they made wardens and went ferther in to the land and took notyngham and there they abiden all thee winter and did the sorrow that they might ¶ And after when summer time come they removed from Nottingham and come in to Nycholl and to lindsay and to holland ¶ For no man might them withstand so much power and strength they had ¶ How sent Edmund the king was mertired. ANd so far had the danois passed from country ●on to country and ever more brenning and robbing and destroyed all that they might till they come unto Thetford ¶ And in that country they founden a cristyn king that much loved god and his works that wos called Edmund. And he wos a king of Norfolk anp southfolk. ¶ This scent Edmund king ordained as much folk as he might and fought with the danois but he and his folk were discomfited and the kind himself driven unto thee castle of framelynham. ¶ And the danois him pursued and comen unto the same castle And when king Edmund saw that the castle might nat them withstand. he come ayens them with whom the danois first speken· and anon they axed of him where king Edmond was. now for sooth quod he when I was in the catf tell there was the king and when I went out of the castle hewn out also and whether he shall escape or die at godis will might it be. ¶ When sent Edmund had nevenid god by that they wisten well all that it was himself: and anon Hubba and Hungar took him and said that he should god for sake and all cristyn law as money other had done him before. ¶ And scent Edmond said that he nold never but rather he would suffer death for God's love and his lawis to keep. though took they king Edmund and bond him unto a tree and made there ardheres to him shoot with arous till that his body stykked as full of arrows as an urchon is full of prickis but for all the pain that they him did. he nold never god forsake. and in the same pain and tourment he died & betook his soul to all mighty god ¶ And when they saw that he wos died they smitten of his heed: and of this manner as ye have hard was sent Edmond martyred ¶ How Hubba and Hungar took the town of reading. WHen sent Edmond was martyred hunger and hubba went thence with all their danois unto reading ¶ And as they went thitherward they burned tounnes and cities and killed all cristy● pepull that would not god forsake and cast down churches and come to reading and took the town and there held them till that the king Edelf of westsex come thither with all his power for to take the town: Thomas comen out the danois for to yef battle to king Edelf and at that battle wos killed an earl of danies that was callee Cidrak. upon the morrow come the king Eldred & his brother Alured with a strong power and a great host. ¶ And the king Edelf come again that had fought the day before to that battle ¶ And the danois though come out for to fight with them: and the battle was wonder strong. for money a man was there slain. And the danois that day had the victory and the king Eldred & his brother Alured that day were discomfited ¶ But the iiij. day afterward the danois and the englissh-foughten to gedre an other time upon Ekeldene And theridamas wos slain a king of denmark that wos called Rafing & iiij. earls of great power: And that day had the danois shame for they were driven unto engilfeld. ¶ And the xv. day after the danois & the englishmen fought an other time at Rafing. & there were the englishmen discomfited & from thence a danois that wos called Roynt went to reading with his host and destroyed all that he might take. And king Eldred fought with him. but he was woundit so wherefore he was died. & he reigned but v. year & lieth at womburn Popis & enꝓures regning the time of the saxons begin now Circa Annum dni .iiijC. xl.ix. Lo the first was emperor after Marcianus xvij. year. In his time were the rogations days ordand a fore the ascension of scent Mamert bishop of vienne. the pope of rome at that time heit lo. a nobull clerk & with him had money clerkys. Hillarius was pope after Leo seven: year this man ordant that no bishop should ordain his succersari. ut pꝪ. 8.9.1. Simplicius wos pope after him. The which ordand that no clerk should take no garment to be clothed in: after the seckit or manner of a lay man: through the reason of his office or of his benefice. Zeno wos emperor after Leo xv. year and this man wos an heretic and cruel against cristin men. and in this man's days the bodied of scent Matthew the Evangelist & sent Barnaby the apostle. were fonden and with them the gospel that sent Matthew wrote. ¶ About this time there wos a certain common woman that bore seven. chylderat o birth. of the which on wos made after the king of Lombary. Felix the third was pope after Simplicius iij. year & viij moneches This man ordand that respite should be given to a man that wos accused. that he might a vyse him how he should ownsuar. and that the judges & the accusers should besych. and that they should take all suspection and spot. Gelasius a roman was pope after Felix v: year This ordand the canon of the maze the preface. ymnes tractus orisons as sent Ambros made them & that ordirs should be yefen iiij times of the year Anostasius wos emperor after Zeno xxvij. year. & he wos a cursed man & an heretic and hatfull to god and man. & he wos slain with leght tining. and in his time dread sent Patrick the first bishop of Irland in the. C: & xxij: year of his age. & his fellow wos the abbot of columba & saint Brigida. whom sent patrick mode a Num and they were buried in on tomb & at diverse times and this is there Epitaphe. ¶ Hij tres in gelido: tumulo tumulantur in uno Brigida patricius: atque columba pius. Anastacius a roman was pope after Gelasius ij. year & iij. months The who ordand that no priest for wroth ne hato should leave of to say his divine service in the church. excepped the mass. and he cursed the emperor Anastasy for he wos an heretic. and it is writtyn of him: that afterward he turned for dread to the opinion of the emperor. and he his called the second ill famed pope that is in catholico pontificum: and a fore him was Liberius-famed in heresi Anno domini iiijC. lxxxxiiij: SYmachus wos pope after him xv: year. & with him was ordand an other pope that wos called Laurencius & be tuix them was a great dissension and they both put them to the judgement of Theodoria the king. & he judged that he that wos first ordend and that most men of the church said with: should be pope. & Simachus prevalid. the which loved the clergy and poer men: and for Pascalius the Dekyn Cardinal held ayenes Symachum with the part of laurens to his death. therefore he was put to the panies of purgatory to keep the baththes after his death. as Gregori saith in his book of diologys'. This man ordand that gloria in excelsis should be said every sunday and feasts of martyrs Nota that england long time was cristyn afore france. Clodanius the first cristyn king of france was this time baptized of scent Remigio and he had a cristyn woman to his wife & she moved him money times to the faith. & said he should be for tunabull & victorius & he would turn. & so he was & never afore. Hornusda wos pope after Simachun ix. year this man wos of great mercy and great alms to poor men. and ornamentis he give money to chirchis: And he reconciled the greeks the which were cursed for theridamas herisi. justinus was emperor after Anastacius & he reigned ix. year and wos a very cristyn man. And all that ever the emperor Anastasius had done ayanest the church. he revokit & obeyed the pope Hornusda & called again the bishops that were exiled by his predicessurs. ¶ Priscianus grammaticꝰ wos this time. And this year the which is lxxi. fro the cunning of the saxons began the kingdom of west saxon & Cerdico wos king. Iohens was pope after Hornusda iij. year & ix: monethis. and Theodoricus the king of Itali an heretic took the pope with other senators & send than to the emperor justinyan determining that & he would not let the heretics be in peace ●he should kill all the cristin folk in Italy And after he took pope iohn & Symachun patricium and Boycium the senators & killed them in prison. but Bois defendit him by the reason of the authority of the senators. & he send him to the cite of Papy for perpetual exile. where he made the ●●ae. de ꝯsulacome phine. And at the last at the country of mediolanesis he caused Bois throt to be cut & so he deceased Felix pope succedit iohn iiij. year This man commanded that seek men should be annelid afore their death. but christ ordand it first. justinianus wos emperor xxxviij. year This man drew the law of the romans or of civil out of almost ij. M. books & cccM. versis over long & ill according in to on volym of xij. books. and called it justynyan. He made also the digestis and divided them in to iij. books Bonifacius the second was pope after Felix ij· year & little of him is writtyn johannes the second was pope after Boniface and this man had a great strife with justynyan the emperor. whether that Crist wos ij. natures or on. The pope said he had ij. natures on of god aij other of man. The emperor said other consent to us or thou shall go to perpetual exile. The pope answered. I desired to come to justynyan the most cristyn emperor. but as me seemeth i have found Dioclytion the ꝑsuer of custyn. but certanly I dread not thy males ne I feir not thy thretynges. Then the emperor meked him self & fell down to the ground & askid mersi & absolution. Anno domini .vC.xxxiiij. AGapitus a confessor was pope after Iohn ij. year This Agapitus turned justinian fulli fro the artur of the euticetis This man ordand that ꝓcessions should be done on sundays and then he died at constantinopolin. Silverius a martes was pope after this man iij. year he was exiled fro cristin faith & slain by the proctor of Theodory. for he would not restore the bishop of Athyns an heretic to his benefice again. Virgilius wos pope after him xvij year And he entered ill in to his benefice. both governed him well. And he suffered his persecution patiently. & he wos exiled from rome: and at the last after great passions of Theodora in constantinopolin died. Synodus quarta constantinopolitana contra theodorum et omnes heriticos alios fuit isto tempore. Ista sinodus dampnavit heresim theodori. qui dixit alium esse deum verum. et alium cristum. Et quod beata virgo non sit dei genitrix. set hominis tantum Pelagius was pope after virgilius iiij: year and x: monethis This man ordand that heretics Sasmatykies and Renegatis should be punished by the secular power. Iohens the third was pope after this man xiij. year Of this man little is writtyn but that he restored the church yard of the apostles Philip & jacob: justinus the second after justinian wos emperor xi year This man despised poer men. he robbed the seneturs he was yesen to all covetousness. so that he made chystis of iron for took: poe his monay iij. then anon he fell in to hericy and waxed out of his mind and than wos chosen Tiberium a good man for to govern the common pepull. Tybirius the second was emperor after justinus seven. year. This man was a vertuus man. He gave innumerabull good to poor men: in so much that his wife money times chyden with him And said that he kest a way the goods of the empire as stones. And he answered again & said I trust in god that our chysties shall never lake of monay. and we put treasure in to heaven. and upon a certain day when he went by his palasse at Constantinopolin. he see in the marble pament a cross graven and thought it should not be trodyn upon. and commanded that stone to be lifted up: for that cross should be put in the hearts of foithfull men: & there he found inestimable treasure of golnd. this man subdued Harsas & died blissidly. Benedictus was pope after jon. iiij. year This man suffered great persecution of hunger pestilence & enemies. This man brought money a thousand quartir of wheat from Egypt when Rome wos besieged by king Albanac: & almost lost for vetaill: wherefore they wrote on his grave. this epitaphi. Magna tuis monimenta pater benedicte reliquis. virtutum titulus et decus atque dolour. Pelagius wos emperor after benedictus v. year. in his time rome was besieged by the Lombardy's & little he did in his days. Mauricius wos emperor after Tiberius xxi. year This was a very cristin man & subdued Parsas & Armenia's & in the later end of his days he discorded with sent gregory & intendid for to haveslayn him: And then appeared aman in rome clothed in a relegius habit holding a naked suord in his hand: and cried about the citte· in this wise The emperor shall be destroyed: the which the emperor herred & he corecked himself of his trespass & prayed god to withdraw his sentence: to whom our lord appeared in his sleep & said: will thou that I spair the now or in time to cum. And he wos a lover of wricchis & said. yef me heir my reward. Then he wos emperor after money day And when he should have corecked his knights: for their extortion that they did that asked him why that he would not pay them their wages. And so they fell at veryans and chose Foca for to be the Emperor. and killed him and his iij. sons ¶ This time sen Austyn come in to england and ordained ij. archebisshoppis. Tat is to say of london and of york. by the cummandement of sent gregory. ¶ And remember that money times is made mention of diverse regions and countries that oft time they have been turned to the faith. for all way the faith a bood not in them for diverse causes. So it is of englong france. persia. juri. And in this thing room was prevelegit for theridamas thee faith of petre never failith. ¶ Focas wos emperor after Maurici his master whom he and other slew. and because he began ill he ended nought. for in his days the Romans fought strongly ayenest the Perses. and the romans were discomfited and lost money a province. and at thee last he was owercommen and slain of Eraclyo. for as he did unto other men so wos he done to. Anno domini vC.lxxxiiij. GRegori the first a roman and a monk was pope after Pelagius xiij. year This man was called Gregorius magnus for money things that the excedid in. he passed other men in power in riches in virtue. in nobleness in wisdom in holiness in fame and in experiens. And under this man the ill things off cursedness passed: were seized. and money a nobull book he wrett to the in comporabull prophet of all holy church. he wos on of the principal docturs of all the iiij. docturs of the church. This man for sooth alon with scent Fabian after sent Petre wos chosin of god in all the ordyrs of the Popes of reme· Money things he ordained in the church as is showed in his register. Deus in adiutorium for to be a fore the beginning of the howris he commanded to be said. he renuhed & made all the officis of the church in a fairer and a more compendius manner the which abideth yet unto this day and it is called Gregorianum. And schortly for to conclude on this holy man. man's tongue cannot express lightly the lovings of this man. what in writing and also in exampuls & vertuus dedis. Saninianus was pope after Gregory on year and v months. this man ordant the ringing of bellis at the hours of the day. but this man bacbote sent Gregory for his liberality that he had to poor men. and thought he see sent grogorie rebuke him thris for it: and the fourth time he lie in his bed and thought sent gregory smote him on the heed and he waked and died anon. This wos the third pope among all the Popes the which is notit to die a dreadful death. Bonefacius the third was pope after Saninianus viij. months: he ordend that none but white clothes should be put on the altar. Bonefacius the fourth was pope iiij. year and viij. months. This man purchesed of the emperor foca: the church of sent petre of Rome should be the heed of all the churches in the world. for a fore Constantinopol in wos the heeid church. Also he got lysanse that the church called Panton the which wos dedicatit to the honour of Neptimus and other falls God's: where cristyn men money times were slain of devils: might be dedicatit to the worship of all senttis in heaven. This man ordend that monks might use the office of preaching cristining and confession: Eraclius was emperor after Foca xiij. year. And in the third year of his regne. Cosdras the king of Perses brent jerusalem and other worshipful places. Zachary the patriarch with mich pepull he took in to captivity. The part of the holy cross the which elena left there he took with him in to his country. but the xij. year of Heraclii Cosdras was slain of heraclij. & the cross was brought again. the pepull were delivered & when heraclius would have entered the cite proudly. the yatis of the cite by power of god schet there self & the emperor mekid him to god a 'bove: & then the yat opined & then was the fest of the exultation of the cross made. Deus dedit. was pope after boniface iij. year. this wos an holy man for on a certain day when he kissed a leꝑ anon the leꝑ was whole. This time: a Citisin of London through the motion of ethylbright byldid a church of sent petre in the west part of london in a place that wos called thornnye but now it is called westminster. Circa annum domini .viC.xliiij. BOnefacius the fifth wos pope after Deus dedit v. year the which ordand that no man should be take out of the church yard. and little else of him is writtyn. Nota machomitum Machomite the duke of Serasens and Turks wos this time And he was the desaver of all the world: a falls prophet. the messenger of the devil. the fore goer of Antocrist. the fulfiller of heresy. and of all falls men the meruelest. of whom the domination thus began: ¶ There wos a certain famus clerk at rome and could not sped in his matters that he desired to have sped in then he resedit from Rome over the see and procured money a man to go with him. Among whom was this false machemite a great man of wit. And this clerk promised him to make him duke of his country if he would be gided after him ¶ There he nourished a dowfe and put all the corn that the dowfe eaten in to machomites heir. And so this dowfe had never no meet but in his ere ¶ The certain clerk on a day called the pepull and mevede them to cheese such a prince as the holy ghost would show to them in form of an dowfe. And anon this clerk secretly let fly this dowfe. the which after his old custom that he wos wont to fallen a none to the shoulder of machomite. and put his bill in his ear And when the pepull see this. anon he wos chosen duke of that pepull. & when he wos made duke of this pepull of corosame he said that he wos the weray prophet of god. Then he made a book of his law that wos called Alcharon. but he did it by information of iij of his masters to whom the devil mynisterid the authority and the cunning. ¶ The first master wos a Jew: a great astronomier and a negremenser. the second was Iohn de anthiochia. The third was sergius an heretic. And thes iij. made an ungraciꝰ law. & a unhappy. and what sum ever was hard of believe. and tedyus to done: they left that out of the law. & they put that thing in their law. the which the worldly men weir ꝓne & ready to do. that is to say gluttony Lecchorye rapyn and such other. And also this machomyte ordend that a man should have as money wives as he might occupy and find and refuse them twys or thrice or iiij. times and take them again. and money marvelous and false things he mode in his law. the which were to long to rehearse heir but they be plain in his book of Alchoron. And ever he wrote in his book that our lord spoke to machomyte his prophet saying on this wisse or on this. ¶ Thus by his false means he dissaved the pepull. And when his masters and he had made this that wos so delectabull. He wrote it in a book with letters of gold. and also he noresshed a mighty Camel secretly in a privy place. and alonli with the hands of machomyte wos always fed. and there privily he tied this book of the law that he had made: about the camales neke. and put this camel forth on a time in to the fields a fore day. And this camel joyed in his liberty for he was never louse afore: ¶ And he would suffer no man to come and toche him. & so there was a great fame of such a camel: and all the pepull ran to see him. among whom wos this machomyte. ¶ But when the camel see him that had fed him all way. anon he ran unto him: and he had taught this Camel a foro time to fall down on his knees and lykke his hands. and so he did a fore all though pepull. ¶ The pepull then cried and said that there was a very ensample that he wos the true prophet of god. Then they y prayed machomyte to open that holy book with his holy handis: the which wos send from heaven. ever more to be keeped. in the which book is showed how the people shall woyrshyp god. And machomyte said this book wos writtyn with angels hand. So by thes falls menis he turned there to his lawis all the land of Persi. and all the east imperial a yenes Heraclyum the Emperor. and he occupied unto the end of Alexandre. & Egypt. Libya. Arabia. & Sirea Then after he infecked all African. and but that the grace of god with stood him he had infeckid all spain & france and money other things he did: that were to much to writ in this book Constantine the third the son of Heraclij was Emperor xxvij year This Constantin wos a cursed man a great tyrant & an heretic falls sotell & odyus to cristin men. ne he gave no place to pope Martin and he raised a great host ayenest the Lumbardis & there he lost the field and fled to rome. and honorabely wos received of the pope vitilianus and other of the cite. and he rewarded not them like after their metis as a prince should have done. but used forth tyrannydy and heresy wherefore at the last he was slain in a bath of his own knights the which nold no longer suffer his tyrannydy And so he wricchedly lived. and died unhappily Martinus th● first wos pope after Theodorum vi. year This Martin wos a very holy man and strongly strofe for the faith of god. And when he saying mass: on a certain day at the autyr. there pursued him to kill him. a man wos called Spatarius of Olymphe. & when he would have smite him he was blind suddenly. This same man called a sinody in the cite of rome. & dampened Syrun. Alexandrun sergium. Pyrum & Paulum heretics. wherefore Constantin the empreur exiled him & he died a saint. Eugenius a roman was pope after Martin almost iij. year: & was an holy man: but of him little acts is writtyn. Vitellianus wos pope after him xiv: year This man made the song that the Romans uses and accorded it also with the organies. and he also had the grace of the Emperor the which wos wroth with his predecessors. nevertheless afterward he stood not in his concord. ne hedir to I could not find that ever the church of Rome had fully after the death of Constantyn the mighty. the lorshyp of the cite and of other the which he give to the church. Anno domini viC. xliiij. ADeodatus a roman wos peep after vitilian iiij. year and in his days was translat the body of sent benedicti with the body of his sister scolastice fro the hill of cassyn to the monastery of floriecens nigh aurelian. Constantin the faurth was Emperor after his father Constantin the cursed man ¶ This constantine wos a good man. & he hated heretics over all thing· the church he repairid. & grace he reconciled again to the church of rome. & he with the pope gedred together the sixth general Sinody in the which wos granted to priests of greek to use there leeful wines. And to the priests of the est. for cause of great heat: but not to those of thee west ꝑti by no means. For they amitted chastity in the time of sent gregori ¶ And every man mei advertise & ponder how much the goodness of a prince is worth to the quiet state of the church: & to the promotion of the faith. And also the contrary. how much the males of a prince hurtith. that thing. thes ij. Constantine's the father and the son shewyed openly. ¶ For in the fathers days the chryche never had rest. and in the sons time it wos quiet. Yi● never the ●es our lord suffered the saracens and the bulgars to entyr this emperor's land that he might not them withstand. but that he made his peace with them: and paid yerli to them a truage. so mighteli puailid that cursed sect of machomyte. & after he died blissedli. Nota. That there w●r sex gnal sinodies & most principal of the which the authority is equal to the gospel: for the truth of the gospel is declared by them: ayenes the sex principal heresies the which strongly troubled the church. for the sotilty of those heretics. to desave sympyll men. ¶ This time died sent Cede of lichfield the third year of his bisshopprik. Demus a roman was pope after Adeodatus iij. year. of this man little is writtyn. Bonefacius was pope after him and lytill of him is writtyn but that he lived like a priest. Agatho wos pope after him: and he wos a very holy man. for on a day when he kissed a lepyr. the lepyr a none wos made whole. Iste & de consensu principis jussit celebrari sextam synodum aput constamntinopolin. CC.lxxx. eponrum in qua asseret duas naturas et duas voluntates esse in cristo: Leo the second was pope after Agatho iij. year This lo was an holy man. and sufficiently taught in latin and greek. This man ordained that the pax should be yeven after agnus dei. & died a blessed man. Benedictus the second was pope after Leo almost iij. year: This man about all thing wos vertuus: and his name concordid with his dediss. & in his time was a great pestilence. justinianus the second was emperor this time & he wos a very good man a prudent and a large. & he increased the empire of rome myghttely. but he charged the office of the church over much. money laws he made and afterward he waxed not good. for he intem did to have let tid the decrees of the sext sinody. & to have trubylled the church. wherefore the ten year of his empire he was taken of Leo the prince of Patricio & Tybirio. & they cutten of his nose and his tongue: & exiled him to crisonan: There wos there then a great turbation in the church for strife & heretics. ¶ And knaw all men when verians fallith be betwixt great lords: then arruris be multiplied: for there is no man that coreckith them therefore that is oft time proved in the church. Then after fell a verians be betwixt Leo and Tibere. & Tibere prevalet. & he exiled Leonen & cut of his nose the third year of his empire & reigned for him. justinian fled to the saracens & the bulgars. the which restored him again to his empire: & killed Leo & Tibere the which favoured heritikis: them this same justynian reformid him self to the church of god & haad great repentans. but he venged him to cruelly on his adversaries so that he would have killed there innocent child: therefore he wos slain with his son: of Philipe whom he exiled: Anno domini viC.lxxxiiij. Johannes the fifth was pope after Benedictus on year he wos a good man but he deceased anon. Zeno wos pope after him. and he wos a varay holy man for he would not medill with secular matters. and in beauty he was as an angel: quiet in vertuus and meek in soul: and very demure in the language of his religius life. This man wos chosin at the last with one accord of the church and lay-men. but there wos a great distynction. for the clargi intented to have chosen Peries the archbisshopp. & the host of lay men would have had Theodorum a priest. but at the last the holy ghost turned the will of all this pepull in to this holy maij. Sergius wos pope ix. year This man was vertuus & comendabull in his life and in his election a great discord was. for on parti of the clarge chose Theodorum. and an other ꝑti Pascalem. but as our lord would at the last they turned all to this man. This man translatyt the body of scent Leo. he also fond a great part of the holy cross by miracull and he cristyned Cadwalidus the last king of britain He commanded agnus dei to be said or sung thris at mass. & decessed blessedly▪ Nota Sent Beda the worsshipfull priest wos this time aman of great fame in england the which wos take the seven. year of his age to Benedict the abbot of Gyrwyens monasteri to be taught. And then after to Colfrido the abbot after the death of benedict. And at nineteen. year of his age he wos made dekyn of thebisshop of york: And at thirty year he wos made priest in the which year he began to written So he continued all the time of his life in that monastari in giving his laburs to writing and forscriptur to be exponed lxxviij books he made the which he nombris in the end of his english book ¶ This man wos ever in labour other in prayer or in singing daily in thee church or to learn or to teach or to writ. for the which thing men may judge by reason he wos never at Rome. all yef sum men say that he went to rome. that he might see that books accorded with the doctrine of the chiyrche but it wos certain that he wos blind & went to preach & had a servant that was not good. and made him to preach to a mighty multitude of stonnys and said that they were men: and when all his sermon wos done the stonnys answered and said amen. But that he went to rome thrice. & fond writtin iij. arris & iij. effis & exponyt them. it was never found in no book of authority. There wos after the talking of the pepull such a writing on the yates of Rome: R R R. F F F. and such an exposition Rigna Rome Ruent. Ferro Flama & Fame. But it is certan that Bede wos desired to come to rome by the writing of sergij the pope: unto Colfrid his abbot. And this bede translated the gospel of scent Iohn in to englesh tongue and deceased blessedly: The fame sayeth that now he lieth at Develyn with scent Cuthberto And theridamas is buried with him the knawlege of the dediss of england almost to the conquest. Leo the second was emperor and little of him is writtyn Liberius was emperor after him seven. year the which rose ayenest Leo and entered his kingdom. and keeped him in prison as long as he reigned: In his time justinian the second the which in old time was exiled to cresonam: opynly said he would recover his empire again. wherefore the pepull of that country for the love of Liberius were about to kill that justinian: wherefore he fled to the prince of Turcorum and wedded his sister. and through the help of his brother and the camphors he recovered his empire. and killed Liberium and Leonem the usurꝑ of his ream: and as money times almost as he wiped any drop from his nose the which they cut of. So money times ne: he made on of his enemies to be killed Leo the third was pope after Sergius ij: year This man wos made pope by the power of the romans and was not put in the number of popis: for he ill entered. but he did no ill. Iohens the sex a greek was pope after him: And he wos a martyr but of whom and wherefore the cause is not found in historiis. it is said that it wos of the dukes of Lombary for they were emnies unto the church mightily Iohens the seven. a ronan was pope after him iij. year but nothing of him is writtyn. justinianus the second was emperor again with his son Tibiri vi. year And this wos he the which wos reaved the empire afore by lo. And when this man wos restored again he took him to the right faith. and worchipped the pope Constantin and certanly he destroyed Creson the place where he wos exiled to. and all that duelled in it except child he killed them. and he come again an other time to have killed the Innocentis. and the men of that country made there a captain a certain man wos called Philip an owtlay the which anon went to him in battle and killed him for his cruelness ayenes those children. Sysynnius was pope xx. days and then was great strife and he deceased but lytill of him is writtyn. Constantin was pope after him vij year This man was a very meek man & so blessed: that of all men he wos loved: he went ower the see to justimian the emperor. & was resaved with great honour and died a blessed maij: Philippe the second was emperor on year. the which fled in to Scisilya for the host of the romans. and he wos an heretic. and commanded all pictures of senctis to be destroyed wherefore the Romans kest a way his coin. ne would not receive no monay that had his image or his name writtyn upon it. Anastasius the second after he had killed Philipp was emperor iij. year. This man wos a cristin man: and he lived well but be cause he put out philippis eyen & killed him afterward. Therefore Theodosius fought against him & owercome him. & then he wos made a priest & lived so quietly. Anno domini vijC.xiiij. GRegorius the second was pope after Constantyn xvij-yere This Gregorii wos a chaste man & an nobull man in scripture: And about this time the Popes began to mi more tenꝑally with the emperors than they were wont. for their falseness & therherici. and also for to remove the empire fro oo pepull to an other. as the time requerid. This man cursed Leo the emperor: be cause he brent the images of saints. This same Leo commanded Gregori the pope. that he should brine churches and destroy them And he set nothing of his saying. but commanded the contrari manly. And so it is opynli showed: that the destruction of the empire of room wos the cause of herise. For certanly faithful people with their prelatis with on will: drew to the pope. and constranit the emperors to leffe there tyrannyde and therherise. ¶ And this time in the est part of the world strongly failed the very faith. for that cursed law of false machomyte. Theodosius was Emperor and reigned but on year. and he was a very cristyn man: and even as he did. so was he done unto. for Leo deposit him and made him a priest. Leo the third with Constantin his son. was emperor xxv yer This Leo when he wos mighty he deposit Theodosium. and reigned for him. and wos desaved by a certain apostata. the which bade him that he should take and burn all the images of saints. where fore he wos punished both in battle and in pestilence. and with other infortunes. and because he wos a cursed of gregori and bode there in the iij. days. therefore the pope with common pepull took fro him all the west part of his empire. commanding that no man should obey him. ne succour him. be cause he lived like an aritike· ¶ Holy men said ayenest him: and money by him wos martyred and exiled: and at the last in his misbelieve he died writchedly ¶ And in this man's days but that Karolus marcellus holp the cristyn faith and fought manly again the saresens and drofe them backwardly in to spain the which they had subduid. Else they had entered in to france. ¶ And Karolus slew .iijC.M. sarasons and more: & of his pepull were slain but xvM. Non. This man for the continual battle took to lay men: the treasure of the church. wherefore sent Euchery the bisihop of Aurilian as he wos in his prayers saw that same Karolum in soul and body pained in hell. And the angel that showed the bishop this man. said that that wos the judgement of all those that took away the goods of thee church. or of poor men: And to fortefis that at the bishop said and to prove it. The abbot of sent Dionis went to the sepulc● there that Karolus was buried. and opined the chest that he lay in And there they see a dragon go out but he had no body. Gregory the third a Roman was pope after Gregori the second. The which conformed the worshipping of the images of sentis with the cunsell almost of. M. bishops. and he cursed horriblely all the despisers of thes images: as the emperor and other that were of that condition. Constantinus the fifth wos emperor after his father Leo xxxv year He was a cursed man and a pure heretic. so that he did sacrifice to devils. he pursued the church: & nothing that is good of him is written. and so by the sufferans of god the church wos trubelled long tyme. ¶ About this time were money merueles And there were marvelous earth quakis. and certaij cities that were set on mountains: they were removed & borne a way with the hills in to the feldis sex mile thence as they stod and the cities were not broken ne hurt. In the land of Mesopotanyan the earth was broken by the space of ij. mile. And also there wos a Mule that spoke in a man's voce. ash fell from heaven. And in the see of Pontico there wos icy for great frost. that was thirty. cubittis' of thyknesse. And sters fell from heaven so mightily: that men trowed that the end of the world had been comen. all thes betokened marvelous things to come: Anno domini vijC.xliiij. ZAcharias wos pope after Gregori x. year This Zachari was a nobull man. and arrayed with all virtue. with all men he was loved. for his meekness and he disposed the king of France Hydery and put in his place: Pippinum: for he was more ꝓphetabull. here ye may see what power the church had that time the which translatid that famus kingdom from the very heirs to the kingdom of p●●pyn: for a leeful cause. ut habetur. ●h. q. h. alius. Stephanus the second a roman was pope after Zachari .v. year This man in all thing was prophetabull unto the church as well in word as in doctrine. And he governed the spiritualty and the temparalty nobly: he wos the lover and the defender of poor men. This man anointed Pippinum the king of france and send him ayenes the Lumbardis. that he should compel them to restore the church of such goods as they had withholden from them long time unrighteously the which he did. He also translat the empire of the greeks to the frenshmen Paulus a roman was pope after him x year This was a very holy man. for he did great almos to fatherless children & prisoners wedovys and other poor men that he might be a follower of scent paul. Constantine a roman the second was pope after Paul ij year This Constantine wos a lay man. and sodenli was made a priest as a tyrant. and took on him the dignity of the pope. and with a great slander to the church he was pope a little tyme. but the faithful men put him out. and put out his eeyn. And this wos the fifth infamed pope among so money heder to: so the holy ghost that holy apostyls seat keeped in all honour and holiness. ¶ Infenit martyrs were made this time by Constantin the emperor for he was such an heretic. and men trow that there wos never no emperor ne no pagon that killed so money martyrs And this time the church wos troubled sore. And very preciusly bought the worshipping of the images of saints for the great shedding of blood of martyrs And certanly that cursed emperor was not vnponysshed for when that he died. he cried with an horabull voice. and said I am take to a fire that is unhabull to be destroyed. and so he yelden up the ghost to ever lasting pain ¶ The empire of rome was divide about this tyme. for Stephen the pope tranlatid Itili & other to Karolum yet a young man: And Constantyne held the land of Grece with other lands ower the se with a great labur And money rebelling ¶ This time Karolus magnus was a nobull young man and he began for to regne upon france And was the son of Pippini. and his mother wos called Berta Stephenus the third was pope iij: year and he a mendid all the errurs of Constaotine. and degrated all those the which that Constantine ordand in a governal sinody Anno domini seven C lxxxiiij: ADrianus a roman was pope after Stephyn xxiv. year. This man wos mightily worsshippid of the pepull. no man grettyr a fore him. In honour riches and building: This man set ij. solom synodis. The frist of iij C: and l fadyrs The second in rome with a. C.l. fadyrs. being present Charles the king of france: to whom it was granted the leberte of election of the pope. and to ordane the apostles seat Leo the fourth reigned emperor with the greeks v. year This Leo was a cursed man. but not so much os his father was. and he was a covetous man. and he took away a certan crown of a church and put it upon his heed. and anon he was corruppid with an axis and so dicessid. & he had a cursed wife the which reigned after him with her son Constantine wos emperor after Leo and he wos a meek man and put away his mother fro the kingdom that she might take heed unto her women's work. botshe with a fenyt rankyr put out his eeyn afterward: and his childireyn also. and reigned against iij: year and at the last she wos about to have be wedded: & when the grekis perceived that she would be wedded to great Karolus. they took her and shethir up in a monastari and took Nichoferum to be their emperor ¶ The v. uniusall study the which in old time was translait from Athyns unto Rome a bout this time was translated unto Paris by Karolus king of france. Nichoferus wos emperor after Constantine. He wos a vere nygoij & was exaltid to his empire by the greeks. but he ꝓfettit not. for in his time all the east impariall was brought to nought For the Romans put them under Karolus magnus. ¶ jerusalem a 'bout this time was recovered by Karolum with all the holy land And the seckit of saracens wos distruied strongly for the destruction of wricchis come then. Michael wos emperor ij. year And he was a very cristin man and was well beloved and also he wos cunning in all science. & though that Nichoferus had hurt and destressid of their goods by his covetousness. this Michael restored them and made them rich again. Nota. Karolus magnus the frist saint wos emperor after Michael And he wos crowned emperor by Leo the pope. from the which time the empire wos translatyt fro the greeks to france and german. And for the translation of that empire. the grekys all way were defectieu unto the Romans. And the greeks strofe evermore with them but it wos more with venunies words than with strength. and more with craft then with battle. For they had so great envy at the Romans that they nold not obey the church of Rome. For certanly when that the Popes would writ unto them for to obey the church of rome. They wrote again and said. ye have take from our kynrad the empire: and thorfor we will you not obey: and we us take from you. And for this nobull emperor Karolous. it is to be understand. this man when he wos a young man he wos a nointed king in france. by Stephyn the po:pe pe. In the year of our lord ihu christ .vijC.liiij. when his father Pyppino lived. under whom: and with whom he reigned xv. year to the death of his father. ¶ Then after his father under the year of our lord god vijC.lxviij. this Karolus with his brother Karolomanna reigned ij. year Then his brother deceased. in thee second year. And this Karolus there held all the hoel kingdom xiv. year. to the year of our lord seven C: lxxxiiij· in the wicch year he went unto Rome. that he might be crowned Emperor of pope Adrian. And there he reigned emperor xvi. year. to the year of our lord viijC. when pope Leo confirmed him again the emperor And after that he was emperor xiv: year. And deceased in the year of his age lxxij the which wos the year of our lord viij C & xiv: if ye will see more of Karolus go to the book of Turpinus & Libraminus his master: for they wrote thes nobull acts Leo the fourth wos pope after Adrian xx year This man when he went on a certan day with the litany to sent petre church. on sent marks day. he wos taken with cursed pepull and both his eeyn put out and his tongue cut of. But our lord meruelusly restored him again his sight & his speech so that he spoke with out tongue and saw by myracull: Afterward he went to Karolum in to france. and he come with him unto Rome and vengid the pope on his emnies. And then he crowned Karolum and he late afore crowned confirmed him ayene Lodowick the meek the frist gotyn son of Karolus was emperor after his father xxvi year in whose time was put away that clarkis should use no gyrdils with precious stonies ne strange arrayment This Lodewik of his frist wife got ij: child and both had an ill end In all thing that went ayenest him. He wos patient and in the last end he ever over come. for anendis god he a bo●d devote. & his child foloid his conditions and he deceased a blessed man Stephanus the fourth wos pope after lo. iij year This Stephanus redemid money captive men: and crowned Lodewik the emperor and then he deceased and was buried at Rome paschal wos pope after Stephyn This paschal give a great diligence to relics of saints. and he took up innumerabull bodis of sentis and buried them worshipfully as in the vision of scent Cicill he wos commanded Eugenius the fourth wos pope after paschal And he was a very holy man. and those things that wherefore christ he took heid to: this man wos crowned a martyr and by the lay men of rome he wos buried in sent petre church yard. Circa annum domini viijC.xliiij VAlintinus was pope after Eugenio xl: days. and little of him is writtyn: Gregori the fourth wos pope after him xij year This Gregori saw money heavy times for the plagis amongs the common pepull. And at this man's petition Lodewyk the emperor and Marchio the prince of Lombary flemyd all saresons from Italy. and at the last he deceased after innumerabull good dediss and works that he had done at sent petreis'. Lotherius the first son of Lodewike wos emperor xv year in Italy & rome & the partis of german next to the hills of alpy. This Lotherius rose against his brother Lodewike and Karolom for the kingdom of dochelond. the which sum time Pippinus their brother held. and they fought at a place called Fontanelun where Lotheri wos discomfited. and there was such slaughter made on both the sydis. that they had no men to resist their adversaries This understood a falls cristyn man. and sent unto the sowden of the sariseus that he should come anon. and he took Rome: And sent petre church wos made a stabull for their horses but lodewik with the frennshemen and lombardies all that infenite multitude destroyed. and that with greet shedding of cristyn blood Sergius the second was pope after Gregorius ij year This man wos called first os Porci in english hogysmothe: Wherefore that man & after all the Popes names archanged when they been chosen. And that for iij causis. The frist for christ changed thee name of those men the which he made popis: the second for as much as they archanged in name so should they be changed inꝑfection of life the iij lest he the which is chosin to a exceeding degree should be hurt in name Leo was pope after Sergius viij year This Leo wos an holy man And also he was in prudens as sharp as a serpent And in his dediss as meek as a dowfe: And he wos brought forth vertuusly in a monasteri: and when that he was made pope he laboured to repayne his churches again the who the false sarasons on after an other had destroyed. This man wos a mighty writer and a great preacher. and mightily laboured in watch and prayer: and so died and wos buried & lies at sent petris. Benedictus a Roman wos pope after Leo two year This benedict had the name of the thing: for in all thing he wos blessed. This man ordand that clerks should go ordinately & honestly. Lodowicus the son of Lotharij was Emperor this time and a nointed of Sergio the pope: and a while reigned with his father and after he reigned xxi: year alone This man had a son that heght Karolus. in to whom the devil entered. and vexed him afore his father. and then he conspirid his fathers death. and in his time money a marvel fell▪ Nota. johannes anglicus of the nation of Magnutynne about this time wos pope. And she wos a woman arrayed in man's garments: but she profetid so in holy scripture. that there was fonden none like her. ¶ Then she was chosen pope. but afterward she wos with child. and when she should have gone opynly in procession: she traveled and deceased. ¶ And this is the sext pope the which to this time had the name of holiness. and were vecius: and this parson as other cursed Popes were. was punished of god. ner she wos not numbered in thee book of popis. Nicholaus a roman was pope after this woman ix year This Nicholas wos of great holiness that theridamas wos no man conꝑabull to him after great Gregori the pope. And when he wos made pope. Lodewik the emperor wos present: and after he deceased a very good man and was buried in sent petyrchirche yard. Adrian a roman was pope after pope Nicholas. This Adrian cursed Lotharium brother to the emperor the king of Lotharing for his adultery· but when he come to rome to excuse him for his adultery. he said he was cursed wrongusly. and he brought with him all the nobul men of his region. & all were died with in on year. & the king died in the way when he come to the cite of Placenciam: Anno domini .viijC.lxxiij. ¶ Of king Alured and how the Danois in his time prayed him of mercy that they might gone out of the land. Aluredus This time come the danies in to Englond AFter the death of this Eldred reigned his brother Alured that Dolfynes was called ¶ though went the danois & assen led them: and went forth to such Alured that though wos king new made of southsex. and there they founden him at wilton with a little pepull: and never the lass he fought with them. but at the last he fled thence from the field. and went in to westsex and ordained so much pepull of his own ream and also of other so till that he had a strong host so that the danois had no power ayens him to withstood And he come to london with his host. and there were the danois sojourned and there would he have fought with them. but the danois durst not with him fight. but prayed him of peace and that they might go again in to there own country and nevermore to come in to england again that is to say any harm for to done. ¶ And upon this covenant they should yef him to plege good hostages & such as the english men would axen. ¶ How Hubba and Hunger were killed at Chippenham and how the Danois brought their king unto our king: ANd the same day that the danois departed froo London so fast they ridden both night and day and never took rest of going till that they come unto Excestre and token though the town and there held them. ¶ When king Alured herd the tiding anon he let take the hostages and went from thence unto excestre with all the power that he had. ¶ And when the danois herd tell of his coming they went from thence unto wes●sex and come to Chippenham and there they did much harm in the country they robbed folk and brought them in prison. ¶ The king allured them pursued and come upon. and fiercely them assailed and there were slain both Hubba and Hunger his brother and Buerne bocard & in this battle wos much folk slain in that on part and in that other but the gree of that field left with the danois for as much as the king come with little company: ¶ The king hasted him as much as he might for to wend again & when the danois fonden Hubbais body liyeng died they entered it and made upon it a great log and let call it hubeslow and so it is called unto thiys day. and that place is in devenshire. ¶ The baroens of somersault wilteshire and dorset herd tell how that their king wos descomfited & ordained all the power that they might have & come to the king there he was and thanked god that they had him found on live for they had went that the danois had him slain. ¶ though took they a council the king & his barons that they would gone and seche the danois with them all for to fight and so there ridden all that night them all for to seche & come a morrow about prime to Habyngdon there that the danois were. ¶ The king Alured & his barons tho assembled & there assayl●d the danois eagerly and there gave them a strong battle & the danis nobulli put them of long time that no man witted whether part more pepull wes slain ¶ But thus it befell as god would that the king Alured had the victory with much honour for the danois were so driven that they ne wisten whider for to turn: & xv. days the king them pursued at his will that glad and fain they were for to speak of peace and of accord & took him good hostage· & said that they nold never more upon him were ne no debate arere ¶ And more over they behight to the king Aulured that they would go and bring there own king unto him. and that their king and they all should be baptized. ¶ And upon this condition king Alured hem granted life & limb: & said unto them that they should gone there king for to seche and at a certain day to come again that to them wos set. & so they wenten forth fast and come again at their day that wos assigned. and all the danoys brought their king with them. ¶ The king Alured anon let them be baptized and there names changed so that the king of danmarke wos called Athelston. and thirty. of his fellows names were changed also. and the other were baptised to the right believe. ¶ And all this wos done at westminster and after that king Alured held with him king athelston and all his danoys xij. days at sojourn with much solemnity & give them great yefts. after that they were baptized & so they departid. though wos king Alured all at ease when he had his emnies over cumin & that they were turned to the right believe of almighty god: ¶ How the danoys that come in to france with Gurmond come again in to England and of the death of king Alured. ANd thus it befell afterward that the danois of Northhumberland that were paynims come with a great strength & an huge host of france that is to be understand with them that went in to france: with Gurmond of Aufrike when he had conquered england and gave it unto the Saxons. and though that come from france arrived in kent. & sent in to Northhumbirland that they should come to them. And when those ij. hostis were comen and assembled. anon they went to destroy all the cristin pepull of england from place to place & did much sorrow. ¶ Hit befell thus as almighty god would a hard chance in england For the good king Alured that wos wont to abate the danois died in the meyn time. ¶ This king Alured reigned thirty. year and a good king had been. & well could chastise his enemies. & also he wos a good clerk. & let make money books. And a book he made of english of adventures of kings and of battles that had been done in the land. and money other books of gests he let them writ that were of great wisdom & of good lernyng· through which books money a man may him a mend that will them read & upon look. upon whose soul almighty god have merci. & this king Alured lieth at wynchester. Johannes the viij. was pope after Adrian viij. year: This Iohn a nointed Karolum the Emperor. and he suffered great wrong of the romans. for he fawid not the said emperor And there for he put the said pope in keeping. also he degrated the bishop of Portnense the which wos the occasion of all his sorrow. Karelus the second was emperor after Lodwick: This Karolus had a brother the which was called Lodwyke & he wos the king of Germane. And he ordand battle ayans his brother: but Karolus or they faght wos poisoned. & he made money a monasteri: Martinus wos pope after Iohn on year: this Martin little ꝓphetted. for he lived but little time Adrianus the third was pope after him on year. and of him is nothing writtyn Stephanus the fifth. was pope after him vi. year and nothing of him is writtyn but that he translatit the body of scent Marty● Karolus the third was emperor after the second xij. year. This Karelus peesably had in possession all france and germā● and was crowned Emperor of iohn the pope. And after his glorius victori he turned all Normandi to the faith. And he might no more resist the fraunshmen but iiij: year he reigned on them and he wos unprofitabull to them: and therefore they put him a way Arnulphus wos emperor after Karelus xij. year This Arnulphus utterly constrened the Normans the which destroyed the frenneshmen xl. year Then he wos seek and had no comforth of no leech for he was in a meruelus sickness so that he was comsumyt with lice and was died. Formosus was pope after Stephin v year This man first wos bishop of Portuensis. & of pope Iohn wos deprivyt for his inobediens and was degrated to the lay fe but by Martin the pope he wos restored. and against his oath he come not allonly to Rome. but to ofer him the dingnite of the pope. for the which there was great alterecation. Bonefacius the sixth was pope xv. days Stephanus the sixth on year and iij. months jona iij. months and xij days. Theodorus the second xx days. johannes the xi. was ij year & xv: days Benedictus the iiij was iij. year and ij months Leo the iiij. was xl days Zponforus the frist seven months Thes viij popis were but little tyme. And there for we cannot tell of them no notable things but if we should written slander of them that might be found. for the unheard strife and contention. in that holy apostyll seat: for on strofe ayens an other and reproved the dedis of an other. And for to tell how they strofe it were no great honour to show: for that holy apostles seat. Ludowicus the third was emperor after Arnulphus vi 〈◊〉 This man had not the Pope's blessing: for the unstabulnes of them the which reigned in Itali and he was constraned to expuls bearing And this man was the last emperor of all the kynrad of karolus king of france ¶ This time the empire was removed and translatyt and divided. For the frenshmen holp not the church: the which their faders had hedified and fortified. but destroyed them ne help not the Romans against Lombardis. the which vexed the romans right sore Therefore by the comyns assent they were excluded from the empire & the Italians be 'gan to be emperors in Itali. & the Almans in almany until Ottanem the which reigned in both the places The frenshmen were constrained to abide in there own country and no more to be emperors for their mischews leaving Beryngarius the frist Conradus and Beringarius the second and Hugo were emperors after Lodewike but they are not nomburt among the emperors for sum war but in almain & sum in Itali. ¶ Of king Edward that was king Alured son. ANd after this Alured reigned Edward his son and was a good man and a wise that wos called Edward that was wonder curtasse. ¶ The danois did much sorrow in the land & there power increased & begun for to wax from day to day: for the danois comen oft with their companies in to this land ¶ And when the king saw that he might no better done. than he took peace with them and granted them his trewis ¶ And nothelesse thee trewis durid not long that the danois ne began strongly for to were upon the englishmen and did them much sorew. wherefore king Edward did assemble a great host for to fight with them ¶ And though this king edward died when god would This king edward reigned xxiv. year & lieth at winchestre beside his father. Anno domini: ixC.xiiij: SErgius the third was pope after Xponfer seven. year This man wos a cardinal of rome: and wos expulsid by Formose the pope. and then he went to the frenshmen. and through the help of them he come again to rome and expulsid cristofer the pope, & was pope himself. And to a venge his exile he took out thee body of pope Formose where as he wos buried. And arrayed him in the Pope's arrayment and caused him to be headed. and to be cast in to the water of tibyrby rome. ¶ Then fishers fond him & brought him in to the church And the holy images of sentis boyed down to him when the body of him wos brought in to the church that all men might see. & honorabully him halfed. Yet Sergius distruyed all that thing the which the holiman had ordand Anastasius was pope after him ij. year. Laudo was pope v monethee. & little they did. Iohens the x. was pope then. this Iohn wos the son of Sergij pope. both of nature & of manners and he by might was pope and he wos wricchedly slain of Guydoys knights for they put on his methes a pelow and stopped his breath. And after him was on other put in. but anon he was out and therefore he is not named as a pope. Henricus the duke of saxoni was emperor of almane xviij. year This Herri wos a nobull man. but he is not numbered among the emperors: for he reigned but allonly in almany: And he had a very holy woman unto his wife and his name wos Matild●●n whom he got ij: sons that is to say Ottonem and Harri & Otto succeeded him in the empire. & Herri had much land in almany And he got an other son that height Brim●n & was a very holy man & was bishop of colan. & he founded the monastery of ponthaleon ¶ Of king Adelstone. AFter this Edward reigned Athelstone his son And when he hod reigned iiij. year he held battle against the danois and drofe king Gaufrid that was king of the danois and all his host unto the see & rested by scotland and took strongly all the country an hoill year. ¶ And after that though of Cumberland & the scots of westmoreland be gone to were upon king athelston & he them gave so strong battle that he killed so money of them. that no man could tell the number of them & after that he reigned but iij. year & he reigned in all xxv. & lieth at Malmesburi. ¶ Of king Edmond ANd after this Adelston reigned edmond his brother for king adelstone had no son. and this edmond wos a worthy man and a doughty knight of body & as nobull all so: And the iij year after that he was king he went over humber in to that country in the which country he fond ij. kings of danois that on wos called Enelaf that other Renant This king edmond drofe them both from the land & after went & took a great prey in Cumberland This Edmond reigned but seven. year & lieth at Glastenburi. ¶ Of king Eldred. ANd after this Edmond reigned Eldred his brother that avenged edward his father of his emnies that did him kill and afterward he seized all Northhumberland in to his hand and made the scots for to a bow and meek unto his will ¶ And in the second year of his reign come Arnalaf guyran that wos king of denmark and seized all Northhumberland & held that land ij. yeree and after that come king Eldred with an great power & drofe him out of this land ¶ And this king eldree was a nobull man and a good of whose goodness sent Dunstane preached. & this king eldred reigned xi. year & lieth at winchest ¶ Of king Edwyne. ANd after this eldred regnd Edwyne the son of edmond and he was a lither man toward god & the pepull. for he hated folk of his own land & loved & honoured strange men and set little by holy church and he took of holy church all the treasure that he might have that was great shame & villainy to himself & peril to his saule. and therefore god would not that he should regne no longer than iiij year & died & lieth at winchester. Leo the sixth a roman was pope sex months: Stephanus the seven. a roman wos after him ij. yer. Iohn the xi. a roman was pope iij. year. Stephanus the viij a german was after him viij year Martin the third was after him iij. year. and of thes sex Popes is nothing had in scripture: for what cause I cannot tell Anno domini ixC.liiij. AGapitus a roman was pope after Martin ij: year & viij. months. and nothing of him is writtyn johannes the xij: a roman was pope after Agapite almost viii. year & he had a father that heght Alberyke & wos a worthy man in the cete of rome. He inducit the nobull men to swear that after the death of agape they should cheese Octovianun his son pope. & so it was done & was named Iohn: and he was an hunter and a lecherus man. so that opynli he keeped women. wherefore certain cardinals wrote to Otthoni the emperor of saxon that he should come ●on to rome for to help to destroy the sklandir of the church. this the pope persaved and the hand that wrote that pystyll he made to be cut of. And money timis he was warned by the emperor & the clarge. that he should correc himself. but he nold not for nothing. than he was deposed and Leo wos put in. unto his place. wherefore the emperor wos annoyed and come again and besieged Rome so long. till they took Benedict to him & restored Leo. ¶ Of king Edgar that reigned a bone the kings of scotland and of wales and how that he was beguiled through the taking of his wife. ANd after this Edwyne reigned Edgar his brother a man that much loved god and peace and holy church also And was a worthy man & a great lord of blood & mighty & mayntined well this land in peace ¶ And this Edgar wos lord & king above all the kings of scotland and of wales. from the time that Arthur was a gone & never wos sithen king of his power. And this edgare was sent Edwardis father: & when edgares wife wos died that wos sent edwardis mother & entered. he hard speak of the fairness of Estrild that was Orgarus daughter a baron of devenshire that wos so far a woman that all men did speak of hi●. he called on of his knights that he much loved & trusted upon & told him Go quoth he to the nobull baron Orgar of devenshire & see if that is daughter be so far as men speaketh of: & if it be soothe I will have her unto my wife ¶ This knight that was called Edelwold went forth his way as the king him had said. and come there that the lady was. and when he saw her so fair he thought to have her himself to wife. and thereof spaken to Orgar her father & her father was an old man and had no more children but only her and saw that Edel would wos a fair young knight and worthy and rich and wos well beloved with the king. and thought his daughter should well be married. & beset upon him. and granted him is daughter if the good lord the king would consent there to ¶ Then this Edelwold come again to the king and told him that she wos fair enough upon to see. but she wos wonder loathly. though answered thee king & said that he took but little charge. Sir qd edelwold tho she is her fathers heir: and I am not rich of landis. and if ye would consent and grant that I might her have. than should I be rich ynowghe. In goods name qd the king I consent there to Edelwold thanked though the king much and went again in to Devenshire and spoused the damosel & in that country he duelled ¶ And thus it befell upon a time that he told his counsel and all this thing unto his wife how and in what manner he had beguiled his lord the king that would have had her unto wife. And anon as she it witted she loved him never more afterward as she did before. ¶ This lady consaved by him a son. and ●●hē time was that the child should be borne Edelwold come to the king & prayed him to have a son of his at fontstone: the king him granted & let call him Edgar of his own name ¶ And when this wos done he thought that all was syker enough for the king that he would not taken his wife for as much as his lord wos a ●oly man & an amorous. ¶ How that king edgar wedded estrild after the death of edelwold THus it befell that all men in king Edgarys court thospeken and said that edelwold was richly advanced through the mariege of his wife and yet they said he was a vanced▪ an hundreth fold more For he had spoused the fairast woman that ever was sayne And the king herd speak so much of her beauty he thought that edelwold had him dessaved and beguiled & thought privily in his heart that he would gone in to devenshire as it were for till hunt for the heart & for the hind & other wild bestis & than he should see there the lady or he departed thence And this lady wos duelling at a manner place beside the forest there that the king would hunt and at that manner he wos herburghed all night and when time come that the king should soap and the sone shone: the king asked after his gossip and after his godson. and edelwold made her to come before the king And nevertheless if it otherwise might have been she should not have comen in his sight by his will. ¶ The lady welcomed the king and sweetly him cussed and he took her by the hand & tho next by him her set & so soppid they to gether: And there was a custom & an usage in this land that time that when on drunk to an other the drinker should say wassayll. and that other should answer & say drink hail. and thus did the king & the lady money times & also kissed. And after sopper when time was to go to●ed the king went to bed thinking heartily on the fairness of that lady & tho was over comen for her love. that him thought that he should die but if he had his will on her. upon the morn the king aroos & in the forest went him for to disport with hearts & hinds & all other wild beasts & of the hearts great plenty he sent to that lady. & thris he went to solacen & speak with that lady whiles he duelled there in that country ¶ And after that the king removed thence & thought him how he might best deliver edelwold from his wife as he had him fryst deceived. ¶ And the king anon after viij. days let ordain a parliament at Salesberi of all his baronage council to have. & for to ordain how the country of northhumbeland might best be keeped that the danois come not there the land to destroy ¶ And this edelwold come unto the kings parliament & the king sent him unto york for to by keeper of that country ¶ And thus it befell that men that knew him not slew him by the way. ¶ And anon as the king herd tell that he wos died he let send after the lady estrild that she should come to the cite of london & theridamas been wedded to the king with great solemnity & worship and held a solemn feast & he wered a crown that wos of gold and the queen an other ¶ And scent dunstan amorow come unto the king in to the chamber & fond the king in bed and the queen also yfeyr And sent dunstone axed the king who she wos & the king answered & said this is the quend Estrild. & the archbishop sent dunstone said that he did great wrong & a yens godis will. to take a woman to wife whose child ye had take at the fontstone & the queen for that word never after loved sent dunstone & notheles the good man warned of that folly to be left but it availled little for the love between them was so much ¶ The king begat upon her a son wos called Eldred & when this cheild was vi year old the king his father died. & about that time he had reigned xvij. year & lieth at Glastenburi. Beringarius the third was emperor after Henri seven. yer. this Berīgari was emperor in Italy. in whose time wos great division & Henri the emperor deceased & Otto began to regne in all many: Lotherius reigned after him ij. year & deceased when Otto reigned in almany. & had a wife that heght Dalnydam the which after wedded otto Beringariꝰ the iiij. was after him This man with great tyrannyde subduit Itali. wherefore the pope & oder romans called Otto that he might deliver them. the which he did: & he took beringar by strength. & twice he oulaid him & he took Lothorius wife the which the tyrand had prisoned. Leo the viij. was pape after Benedictus on year: and iiij. monethis This man was chosin with the comyns voce: and Iohn was deposit. This Leo ordant that no pope should be made with out the consent of the emperor. For the malas of the romans the which oppressed them. This man granted all the gifts to Otto & his successurs the which war yef by justinian & Karolus to the church that he might defend Itali from the rebilions. Iohens the xij. was pope after him almost wiij. year This Iohn suffered great wrong of the romans. for he wos take and exiled: but Otto bore this heavily. for he killed the nobull men of rome. and certan of them exiled for ever more. Benedictus the sixth was pope after him vi. year. This man was take & in castill angill was strangled. Nota. The empire th● is time wos translated to the almains & the same cause is her as was before for the vicious leaving. ne thes unhappy men could not be informit: that they could eschew that co vice through the which they saw so money nobull men perished. Otto was emperor after Beringarius xij. year This Otto wots the frist emperor of alman. & he wos all vertuus as an other king Karolus. for he wos the defender of the church of god. & the senguler ꝓmoter. for the which he was worthy to be emperor. money men of falls believe he converted and he held with him pope Benedict the usurper of the popehed in to saxony. and there he deceased in his exile And this emperor decesid a rich man in virtue and goodis. Otto the second was emperor after his father: and he was a nobull man to the church as his father was & money a battle he had against falls men of believe and at the last he almost lost all his host in Kalabur. yet he for s●th with all his mind be sought sent Peter to help. & meruelusly sent petre delivered him. And his wife wos the daughter of the emperor of Constantynopolitan of the romans blood. and this man was crowned of Benedictus the pope. ¶ Of scent Edward the martyr how Estrild his stepmother let kill him for to make Eldred her own son king. ANd after this Edgar reigned Edward his son that he begat upon his frist wife. that well and nobly governed the land▪ for he was full of all manner of goodness and lad a full holy life. and above all thing he loved god and holy church. and the queen Estrild that wos his stepmother let him slay for encheason to make her own son Eldred king and thus on aday wos he slain as ye shall heir afterward ¶ It befell thus on a day that the king Edward went in to a wood for to play in the south country beside a town that is called warham in which forest wos great plenty of hearts & hinds. & when he had been a while there him for to play he thought upon his brother Eldred that wos with his mother the queen for her place wos nigh the forest. and thought for to go thither & viset & see his brother. & took with him but a little many and went him tho toward his stepmoders' house that in that time sojourned in the castle of Corfe: & as he road in the thickness of the wood to aspy his gam it befell that he went a miss & lost his many that with him come. & at the last he come out of the wood. & as he looked him about he saw there fast beside a manner that his stepmod duelled in. & thiderward he went alone & anon it wos told the queen how that the king was common alon with out company & therefore she made joy enough & thought how that she might done that he were slain as privily as she might & called to her on of her knights to whom she had told much of her counsel between them & both they come to the king & courtasly him received. & the king told that he was cumen her to visit & also for to speak with Eldred his brother The queen money times him thanked & him prayed to alight & harburgh with her all that night ¶ The king said that he might not. but again he would wend unto his folk if he myghtt them find: ¶ And when the queen saw that he would not abide she prayed him that he would once drink & he granted her & anon as the drink was comen the queen drank unto the king & the king took the cup & set it to his mouth & in the meyn time whiles that he drank. the knight that was with the queen with a knife smote the king unto the heart & there he fell down died of his palfra unto the earth The queen for this deed gave the knight gold & silver great plenti. & of other riches enough And the knight anon as this wos done went him over the se. & so scappid he out of this land ¶ When this king Edward thus wos martyred. Hit was in thee year of the Incarnation after our lord ihu christ ixC. lxxx· year & he had reigned xij. year and an half & lieth at glastenburi ¶ Of king Eldred and how the king Swine of denmark held england and how eldred that wos sent edwardis bread was not beloved in his ream & therefore he fled in to Normandy. AFter this king edward reigned eldred his brother and sent Dunstan crowned him and this sent Dunstone died soon after that he had for yefen the queen her trespass estrild for encheason that she was cause of king edwardis death and sent dunstane had her asoled and penance her enjoined and she lived after chaste life and clean ¶ This king Eldred wedded an english woman & on her he begat edmond Irenside & an other son that wos called edwyne And after died the queen there mother. And in that time come Swine in to england that was king of Denmark for to chalange and conquer all that his ancestors' had before that time and so he conquered and had it all at his asking: ¶ For the good earl Cut●ert of lindsay & all the pepull of northhumberland and almost all the great of england held with Swine that was king of Denmark for as much as they loved not king eldred. for encheason that his good brother wos slain edward falsely for encheason of him. and therefore no man set but little by him wherefore king swine had all his will and took all the land: and eldred the king fled though in to Normandy & so spoke to the duke Rechard that the duke gave him his sister Emma to wife upon the which he got ij. sons & that on was called Alured & that other edward. & when Swine had conquered all the land he regnet nobeli & lived xv: year & then died & lieth at york. ¶ How king eldred come again from Normande & how knoght the danois regnet & of the were betwixt him & edmond Irenside AFter the death of Swine that wos a Danois: Knoght his son duelled in england and would have be king and though come again Eldred out of Normandye with much number of pepull & with a strong meinie that Knoght durst not abide but flay thence in to Denmark The king eldred had again his ream and held so great lordship that he by 'gan to destroy all though that holpid Swine that wos a Danois against him ¶ And afterward come again this Knoght from denmark with a great power so that king Eldred durst not with him fight but fled fro thence unto london and theridamas held him ¶ Thomas come Knoght and him beseggid so long till that king Eldred died in the cite of london and lieth at sent paulus and he reigned ix. year. BOnus was pope after Benedictus on year This maij abode but little tyme. Bonefacius was after him .v. months Benedictus was after him x. year This man crowned otto the second and made money romans to be take: & he gedrit a counsel ayens the king of france where Gylberd the Negramensier wos deposit. johannes the xiv was pope after him viij. monethis and he wos put in castle angill and wos famed to death. johannes the xu was after him iiij monethis. johannes the xvi. was after him almost xi. year This man was taught in Arms and made money books and else little of him is writtyn Gregorius the v. wos pope after this man almost iij: year This Gregori was made pope at the instans of the emperor Otto the third. for he wos his cousin. And when he had be a little while pope and the emperor recedid from the cite of rome. Placentinus wos put in by Crescencio a consul: for monay. and then was strife a few days. but the emperor come soon after again and took Crescencium the consul and stroke of his heed and put out the eyn of this man the which put out his cousin of the dignity of the pope. And maymet him on odir menbyrs and his knights ne his dukes holped him nothing: For he did that thing that he should not have done. and he suffered that at he diserue●d. Nota ¶ This Gregori with the emperor Otto ordand there the chesers of the empire. the which from thence forth hath a bydyn unto this day. For the frenchmen nor none other might not break that ordinanse. & those chesers of the empire by the pope and Otto were not made for any blame of the Saxons but to eschew the ꝑels to cum. aned the names be writyn for learned men in latin in thes versis. Maguntinensis Treverensis Coloniensis Quilibus imꝑij fit cancellarius horum. Et palatinus dapifer Dux portitorensis. Marchio prepositus camere. Pincerna bohemus Hij statuunt dnm cunctis ꝑ secula summum. Palatinus est comes ren●. Marchio est Brandeburgensis. Dux saxonum et Rex bohemorum. verum ut quidam dicunt. through this occasion the Egill has lost money a feather & in the end he shall be made nakid. Otta the third was emperor xviij: year This man was a worthy man all the days of his empire. & after the wisdom of his father he was a very faithful man to the church. and in money battles he ꝓsperit be cause he wos devote to almighty god & his sentis. and gave mighty worsshipping to the Relekes of sentis & oft times he vesid holy places: This man wos crowned by gregori his cousin & at the last he decessed at rome. No Anno domini. M.iiij. SIluester the second was pope after Gregori iiij year And he wos made pope by the help of the devil. to whom he did homage· for he should yef him all thing that he desyrid: & he wos called Hylberd & his enemy got him the grace of the king of france and he made him the bishop of Remensis: but anon he was deposit: and after he got the grace of the emperor and wos made the bishop of Ravennie and after pope. but he had an end anon & so have all that putties there hope in false devils. Yet men tristin in his salvation for certain demonstration of his sepulcur. & for the great penance that he did in his last end: For he made his hand & his legs to be cut of: & dismembyrt in all his body & to be cast out at the door to fowls & then his body to be drawi with wild bestis & there to be buried where sum ever they restit as an hound. and they stowed still at scent Iohn latronies & there he wos buried and that was sign of his salvation. johannes the xviij: was pope .v. monethis johannes the nineteen was pope after him v. year and thes ij. did little things Henricus the frist wos emperor in almane xx yer This henri was duke of Barri and all according he was chosen for his blessed fame. the which he had. & it is red that money of those dukes of barri were oly: not alonli in abstening of fleshli desires but in vertuus living And he had a sustir that wos as holy as he whom he gave to wife unto the king of ungre. and she brought all ungre to the cristin faith. & his wivys name was sca Konnogundis with whom he lived a virgin all his days. & he did money a battle als well in Italy as in Almane ayens rebelians. & prospert rightwysly at the last with a blessed end he deceased. And in the life of scent Laurens he & his wife be put for sampuls Benedictus was pope after John xi: year This man had great strife in his days. for he was put out. and an other put in And this Benedict after that he wos died. was said of an holy bishop in a wricchid figure & he had great pain. And this figure said he tristed nothing in the mercy of god And nothing profettit him that wos done for him. for it wos getyn with extortion & unjustly ¶ Then this bishop left his bisshopprik for dread of this sight: & went in to a monestari & lived vertuusly all his days. johannes the xx was pope after him xi. year & lityt profettit ¶ Of king Knoght that wos a danois. ANd after the death of this Eldred Knoght that was a danois begun to regne. but Edmond Irenside that wos king Eldredis son by his first wife ordained a great power of men and began for to were upon king Knoght and so he did money times and oft: and the were was so strong & hard that wonder it was to wit & the queen Emme that duelled tho at westminster had great dread of her ij. sons of the were Alured and Edward lest they should be diffoilled and misdone through this were. wherefore she sent them over see in to Normandy to the duke Richard her uncle and there they duelled in safete and peace long time ¶ This Edmond Irenside and Knoght the danois wered strongly to geders but at the last they were accorded in this manner. that they should departed the ream be betwixt them both: & so they did. and after they become good friends and so well loved to gedres as they had been brother gettyn of on body and of on mother borne. ¶ How king Edmond Irenside tratoursly wos slain through a traitor that wos called Edrith of stratton. ANd after though reigned king Edmond Irenside & Knoght the danois. But thus it befell afterward that in the same year that they were accorded and so much loved to gedre where for a falls thief traitor had envy unto the love that was betuix them and friendship. whose name wos Edrith of stratton that was a great lord that wos Edmond Irensides man and of him held all the land that he had. and nothelas he thought his lord to bitray & make Knoght king of the land in intent richly to been avanced and with him been well-beloved. wherefore he prayed his lord edmond Irenside upon a day with him for to eaten and to duel & the king courtasly him grantid & to him come at his prayer. & at the meet the king riole wos serueid with diverse metis & drinks And when night come that he should go to beede: the king took his own many & went unto chambre there that he should take his nights rest & as he looked him about he saw a fair image & well made & in semblant as it were an archer with a bow bend in his hand. & in the bow a fine a-row ¶ King Edmond went tho near to be hold it better what it might be. & anon the a-row him smote through the body & there slew the king. for that engine was made to kill his own lord tratoursly ¶ And when king edmond wos thus died & slain he had reigned but x. year and his pepull for him made much sorrow & his body they bear unto glastīberi. and there they him ended And this falls traitor Edrith anon went to the queen that was king edmondis wife that witted of her lords dethens anon he took from her ij: sons that were fair and young that her lord had upon her gotten. that one was called Edward and that other Edewyne and lad them with him to london and took them unto king Knought that he should do with them what his will were and told him how quently he had killed king Edmond for encheason and love of him so that king knoght all england in his power holly might have ¶ O thou falls traitor hast thou my true brother that wos so true thus slain for encheason of me a man that I most loved in the world. Now be my head I shall for thy travail the well reward as thou hast deserueid. and anon let him be take & bond hand and feet in manner of a traitor and let cast him there in to Thamyse. and in this manner the false traitor ended his life: ¶ The king took the ij. children and put them unto the abbot of west minster to ward and to keep till he wist what that it was best with them for to done. ¶ How king knoght sent king Edmondis sons both in to Denmark for to slay and how they were saved AIt befell soon afterward that king knoght had all the land in his hand and spoused the queen Emma through consent of his Baronage: for she was afar woman the which was Eldredis wife and the dukes sister of Normandy and they lived to gedre with much love as reason would ¶ The king asked upon a day counsel of the queen what was best to done with the sons that were Edmond Irensides ¶ Sir qd she they be the right theirs of the land. and if they lefen they will do you much sorrow with were. and therefore let send them in to a strange land afer to sum man that may them defoull and destroy. ¶ The king anon let call a danois that was called Walgar. and commanded him that he should lead those ij. children in to Denmark and so to do & ordain for them that they should never heir more of them. ¶ Sir said this walgar gladly your commandment shall be done. and anon tho two child he took & led them in to Denmark and for as much as he saw that the children were wondir fair & also meek. He had of them great pit and rewth & would not them slay but let them to the king of Hungri for to norrich: for this walgar was welbeknowen with the king and well-beloved ¶ Anon the king axed whence the children were. and walgar told him & said that they were the right heirs of england and therefore men would them destruye. and therefore sir to you they be comen mercy & help for to sech. and for sooth if they may lyven your men they shall become. and of you they shall hold all their land: ¶ The king of hungry them underfong with much honour & let them wortheli be keeped ¶ And thus it befell afterward that Edwyne the younger brother died. & edward the elder brother lived a fair man & a strong & a la●ge of body and gentle & courtais of conditions So that all men him loved And this edward in the croniclis is called amongs englishmen Edward the outlay ¶ And when he was made knight the kings douter of hungeri him much loved for his goodness & his fairness. that she him called her darling The king that w●s her father perceived well the love that wos betuyx them two & had none heier but that daughter. & the king wochedsafe his daughter to no man so well as he did to him that she loved & he her: And gave her unto him with good will and edward her spoused with much honour. The king of hungeri sent after all his baronage and made a solemn fest and a rich wedding. & made all men to understand that this edward should be king of that land after the decease of him & therefore all they made great joy. & of that tidings they were full glad ¶ This edward begat upon this ladi a son that wos called edgar heling and afterward a daughter that was called Margaret that afterward wos queen of scotland· and by the king of scotland that was called Mancolin she had a daughter that was called maud that wos queen afterward of england through king Henry that wos the frist son of the conqueror that her wedded And he begat upon her a daughter that wos called Maude that after was empress of almain: And of this maude come the king of england that unto this day is called henri the emprise son ¶ And yet had this Edward an other daughter by his wife that wos called Christian and she wos a Nun. ¶ How king knoght that wos a proud man conquered Norway & how he become afterward meek and mild. NOw have ye hard of Edmondis Irendeshed sonnis that king Knoght wend they had been slain as he had commanded walgar before. ¶ And this Knaght had in his hand all the ream of england and denmark: & after that he went unto Norway that land for to conquer. But the king of the land that was called Elaf come with his pepull & wend his land well to have keeped and defended. & so there he fought with him. till at the last he was slain in that battle. And though this knoght took all that land in to his hand. ¶ And when he had conquered Norway and taken feautes & homages ther. he come afterward again in to england & held himself so great a lord that him thought in all the world his peer no man was. & become so proud & hauteyn that it was great wonder ¶ And so it befell upon a day as he had herd mass at westminster & would have gone in to his palace. the wawis of the thamyse so swiftly against him come. that almost they touched his feet ¶ Thomas said the king with a proud heart I command the water to turn again or else I shall make the. ¶ The wawes for his commandment would not spare. but fluwed over in high more. and more ¶ The king wos so proud of heart that he would not i'll the water but abode still in the water. & bet it with a yard that he had in his hand and commanded the water that it should wend no ferther but for all his ꝯmandement the water would not cese but ever waxed more and more an high. so that the king was all wete and stod depo in the water. ¶ And when he saw that he had abiden there to long & the water would nothing done his commandement· though sone he with drew him and though stod he upon a stone and held his hands an high and said thes words hearing all pepull. ¶ This god that maketh the see thus arise an high he is lying of all kings and of all mights most. And I am a caitiff and a man dedeli. & he may never die and all thing doth his commandment & to him is obedient ¶ To that god I pray that he be my werrand: For I knowledge me a caitiff febull & of no power & therefore I will go unto rome with out any letting my wikkidnes to punish and me to a mend: for of god I claim my land for to hold & of none other ¶ And anon made ready his h●yr & himself to rome with out any letting. and by the way did many alms dediss: and when he come to rome also. ¶ And when he had been there & for his sins done penance. he come again in to england & become a good man & an holy. And lived & left all manner pride & stoutness & lived an holy life after and made. ij abbeys of scent Benet on in england and an other in norway for as much as he loved sent benet more speciali than other santis. & much he loved also sent Edmond the king & of the gave great gifts to the house wherefore it wos made rich. & when he had reigned xx. year he died & lieth at wynchestre. Anno domini. M.xviij. BEnedictus the ix. was pope after iohn. & he wos a great li●hout & therefore he was damned: & he a perid to a certan man under a marvelous figour & an horibull. His heed & his tail was like an ass. the other part of his body like a bear. And he said to this man to whom he appeared. be not a feared for I wos a man as ye be now but I appeir now for i levied unhappeli in old time like a best when I wos pope. ¶ In this man's time there was great division and slander to the church. for he wos put out and in two times ¶ And here Tholomeus notis that the pride of bishops had ever an evil end. and it wos ever the occasion of much unrest & battle. Conradus the frist wos emperor after Henry xx. year. This man made money laws and commanded peace to bekeped most stratly of any man: but the earl of Ludolfe. was acused and he fled from his land. & desired more to live like an karl then like a gentleman. & yet meruelusly his son wos mad emperor by the commandment of god. ayens the will of Conredy & at the last they were accorded & he took corodis daughter to his wife ¶ Of king Harold that liefer had gone on foot than ride an horse THis Knoght of whom we have spokin of before had ij: sons by his wife Emme & that on wos called Hardyknoght & that other Harold. & he wos solyght of foot that men called him most commonly harold hare foot. ¶ And this harold had nothing the conditions & manner of king knoght that was his father. for he set but little price of chevalri ne no courtesy neither worship. but only by his own will ¶ And he become so wykkid that he exiled his mother emma. & she went out of the land in to flandres & there duelled with the earl: wherefore after there was never good love betwixt him & his brother. for his brother hated him deadly. & when he had reigned two year & a little more he died & lieth at westmynstre. ¶ Of king Hardeknoght that was haroldis brother. AFter this harold harefote reigned his brother hardeknoghtt Turrian nobull knight and a worthy and much loved chevalri and all manner of goodnese. ¶ And when this hardiknoght had reigned a little while he let uncover his brother harold & smote of his heed that wos his brother at westminster & let cast the heed in to a gonge & the body in to thamys●. and after come fishers & took the body with their nets be night & bear him to sent clementis church. and there him buried: ¶ And in this manner a venged him hardiknoght: of his brother. for in none other manner he might be a vengid ¶ This king hardiknoght was so large a yever of meet and drink that his tabullis were set every day iij. times full with rial meats & drinks for his own many & for all that come unto his court to be richeli served of rial metis. ¶ And this king hardiknoght sent after Emme his mother & made her to come again in to england for she was driven out of england. whiles that harold harefote reigned through cunsell of the earl goodwin that though wos the greatest lord of england next the king. & most might do what he would through out all england through his commandment for as much as he had spoused the daughter of the good king knoght that wos a danois which daughter he had by his frist wxfe ¶ And when this queen was driven out of england & come to the earl of flanders that wos called Baldewyne his cousin he fond her there all thing that her nedid unto the time that she went again in to englonde. that the king hardiknoght had send for her that wos her son. and made her come again with much honour ¶ This king hardyknogh when he had reigned v. year he died & lieth at westminster. ¶ Of the velanis that the danois did to the english men wherefore from that time after wos no danois made king of this land. AFter the death of this king hardiknoght for as much as he and no thing of his body begotten. The earls and barons assembled and made a counsel that never more afrte no man that wos a danois though he he were never so great a man amongs them he should never be king of england for the despite that the danis had done to englismen. ¶ For ever more before and if it were so that the englishmen and the danois happened for to meet upon a 〈◊〉 the englishmen should not be so hardi to move ne stir a foot. ●●t and still till the danonis war appassid forth ¶ And more over if the englishmen had not bowed down there hedis to done reverens un to the danois they should have been bet and defouled. & such manner despites & velanye diden the danois to our englishmen wherefore they were driven out of the land after time thet king hardiknoght was died for they had no lord that them might maintain. ¶ And in this manner avoided the danois england that never they comen again. ¶ The earls and barons by there common assent and consellees sent unto normandy for to seche though ij. brother Alured & Edward that were duelling with the duke Richard that was their eme in intent for to crown Alured the elder brother and him make king of england. and of this thing to make an end The earls and barons made their oath: But the earl Godwyn of westsex falsely and tratoursly thought for to slay thes two brethren anon as they should come in to england in intent to make his son harold king the which son he had begotten upon his wife the which was king knoghties daughter that wos a danois. ¶ And so this godwyne privily him went unto south hamton. for to meet there the ij. brethren when that they should come unto land. ¶ And thus it befell that the messengers that went in to Normandy fond not but only Alured that wos the elder brother. For Edward his brother wos gone to hungry for to speak with his cousin Edward the owtlaw that was Edmondis son with the Irenside ¶ The messengers told and said to Alured how that the earls & barons of england sent after him and that he boldly should come in to england and underfang the ream. for king hardiknoght was died. and all the danois driven out of the land. ¶ How Godewyn the false traitor took Alured upon Gildesdoune when that he come from Normandy to been king of england and how he did him be martyred in the isle of WHen Alured herd this tiding he thanked god and in to ship went with all the haste that he might and passed the see and arrived at southamton there Godwyn the false traitor was And though this traitor saw that he was cumin he welcumed him & under fonge him with much joy & said that he would lead him to london there that all the barens of englong him abode for to make him king & so they went on their way toward london ¶ And when they come upon Gildesdone though said the traitor Godwyne unto Alured take keep about you both on the left side & on the right side. And of all ye shall be king: and of such an hundredth more ¶ Now for sooth qd Alured I behight you & if I be king I shall ordain & make such lavys whereof god & man shall be well apaid ¶ Now had the traitor commanded all his men that werwith him that when they were comen upon gildesdone that they should slay all that were in Alured is company that come with him from Normandy & after that take allured & led him in to the isle of Eli & after put out both his eyn of his heed & afterward bring him unto death ¶ And so they did for they killed all the company that there were. the number of xij gentlemen that were comen with allured from normandy. ¶ And after took they allured and in the isle of Eli they put out his eyn & rend his womb & took the chief of his bovels & put a stake in to the ground and an end of the bovels there to fastined. & with nedilles of Iren they prikked the good child & so made him to go about the stake till that all his bovels werdrawen out of his body. & so died Alured their through treason of the earl godwyn. ¶ When though lords of england had hard & witted how allured that should have been their king was put to death through the false traitor godwin they were wonder wroth & swore bitwin them god & by his holy names that he should die a more worse death than did Edrith of stratton that had betrayed his lord Edmond Irenside. & they walled have put him to death. but the thief traitor fled thence in to denmark and there held him iiij· year & more & lost all his land in england. SIluester the third was pope after Bnndic This Silvester was chosin and Benedict was expulsid. And afterward was he expulsid and benedict was put up again: And after he was put out and Gregori wos made pope: and he wos but a sympull letterd man. and there for he chose an other pope to be consecrated with him and when money men were displeased with this guiding of ij. popis: the third was brought in. the which should occupy the place of both the two. And so they strofe amongs themself. but than Henri the emperor come to rome and deposit them all. and made Clement the secumd pope. whom he made anon to crown him. and he said to the romans they should never cheese pope with out his assent. & so v. being pope the sex wos put in. But money men saith this Gregori was an holy man. Damasus the second wos after Clement twenty-three. days: This man was an usurper of the pope seat: & he died suddenly: And anon the Romans asked to have a pope and that the almains should have none: for they were so herd hertid that they might not incline to the intent of the emperor. the which said there should be no pope chosin but if he would be of counsel of the election. but for all that they put in this holy man Leo. and after he had of that consciens. and refused: and anon he was chosin by the common assent This Leo put christ in the form of a lasur in his own bed and in the morrow he fond no thing ther. ¶ Of scent Edward the confessor that was Alured is brother how he wos king of england. ANd when this was done all the barons of england sensen an other time in to Normandy. for that Edward should come in to england with much honour ¶ And this edward in his childhood loved almighty god and him dread and in ●●●●ste and cleanness lad his life and hatid sin as death ¶ And wh●n he wos crowned and anointed with a rial power. he for yat not his good manners & conditions that he frist used. And for yat not all good customs for no manner honour ne for no riches ne for no ●●ner highness. but ever more & more gave him to goodness 〈◊〉 loved god & all meekness: and loved god & holy church passing all manner thing. And poer men also he loved and them held as they had been his own brethren and to them oft gave great alms with full good will. ¶ Of the frist special love that god showed to sent edward leaving IT befell on a day as he went from the church of westmynstre and had herd mass of scent Iohn the Evangelist. for as much as he loved sent iohn evangelist more specially after god and our lady than he did any other sent ¶ And so there come to him a pylgrame and prayed him for the love of god & our lady and Iohn evangelist some good him for to gave ¶ And the king privily took his ring of his finger that no man ꝑsaved it. and give it to the pilgrame and he it undirfenge and went thence ¶ This king Edward made all the good laws of england that yet been most used and holden And was so merciabull. and so full of pit that no man might be more: ¶ How the earl godwyn come again in to england and had again all his land & aftward sent edward wedded his daughter. WHen the earl godwyn that was duelling in Denmark had much herd of the goodness of king Edward and that he wos so full of mercy and of pit. He thought that he would gone again in to england for to sech and to have grace of the good king edward that 〈◊〉 merciful was that he might have his land again in peace. afraid him as much as he might and put him toward these & 〈◊〉 in to england to london there that the king was that time & all the lords of england & held a parliament ¶ Godewyn scent to them that were his friends & were the most greatest lords of the land & prayed them to beseech the kings grace for him & that he would his peace and his land grant him. This lords ladden him before the king to see●e his grace ¶ And anon as the king him saw he appealed him of treason and of the death of alured his ●●●ther and thes words un to him seyed. Traitor Godewin quoth the king I the appeal that thou hast betrayed and slain my brother Alured ¶ Certis sir quod Godwyn save your grace and your peace and your lordship I him never betrayed ne yet him slew. And therefore I put me in reward of the court ¶ Now fair lords quod the king ye that been my lieges earls & barens of the land that here been assembled Full well ye hard mine appeal and the answer also of godwyn And therefore I will that ye award and doth right ¶ The Erlis and Barons though gathered them all together for to done this award by themself & so they spoken diversely amongs them For sum said their wos never alliance by homage serment service ne by lordship between Godwyn and allured for which thing they might him draw ¶ And at the last they devised & deemed that he should put him in the kings marci all to gedres. ¶ though spoke the earl Leverich of coventry a good man to god & to all the world & told his reason in this manner and said The earl godwyne is the best frendid man of england after the king. and well might it not been gain said that with out counsel of godwyn Alured was never put to death. Wherefore i award as touching my part that himself and his son & every of us xij. earls that been his friends wend before the king charged with as mich gold and silver as we may bear be betwixt our hands & praying the king for gave his evil will to the earl godwyn and receive his homage & his land yield again. ¶ And they accorded unto that award & come in this manner as is above said every of them with gold & silver as much as they might bear between their hands before the king & they said the form & the manner of there accord & of their award ¶ The king would not them gain say but as much as they ordained he granted and confirmed. And so wos thee earl Godwyne accorded with the king and so he had again all his land. And afterward he bear him so well and so wisely that thee king him loved wonder much and with him he was full prive And with in a little time they loved so manche that there the king spoused godwyn's daughter & made her queen ¶ And nevertheless for though the king had a wife: he lived ever more in chastity & in cleanness of body with out any fleshly deed doing with his wife and the queen also in her half lad an holy life ij. year and died. ¶ And afterward the king lived all his life with out any wife ¶ The king gave the erldon of Oxford to Harold that wos godwin son & made him herle. ¶ And so well they were beloved both the father & he & so prive with the king both the father & the son that they might done what thing they would by right ¶ For against right would he nothing done for no manner man: so good & true he wos of conscicience. & therefore our lord Ihu christ great special love to him showed ¶ How king Edward saw Swine king of denmark drenched in the se in the time of the sacrament as he stood & herd mass. IT befell upon whitsunday as king Edward herd his mass in the great church of westminster right at the levation of Ihesu Christ's body & as all men were gathered in to the church & come near the altar for to see the sacring: the king his hands life up on high. & a great laughter took up. wherefore all that abou●e him stod greatly gone wonder. And after mass the axed why the kings laughter was ¶ Fair lords qd the king edward I saw Swine the younger that was king of Denmark come in to the see with all his power for to have comen in to england upon us to where & I saw him & all his folk drenched in the see ¶ And all this I saw in the eleuacion of ihu Christ's body between the priests: handis & I had thereof so great joy. that i might not my laughed withhold ¶ And the earl Leverich beside him stod at the levation. & openly he saw thee form of breed turn in to the likeness of a child young. & took up his right hand & blessed the king & afterward the earl. & the earl anon turned him toward the king to make him see that holy sight: ¶ And though said the king Sir earl qd he in see well that ye see thankid be god that i have honoured my god my savour visiblly ihu christ in form of man whose name be blessed in 〈◊〉 worlds. AMEN. ¶ How the ring that sent edward had yeven to a poerpilgram for the love of god & sent iohn evangelist come again to king edward THis nobull man sent edward reigned xiij. year and thus it befell upon a time before ere he died that ij. men of england were went in to the holy land and had done their pilgrimage and were going again in to their own country where they come fro. ¶ And as they went in the way they met a pylgrame that courtasly them salved and axed of them in what land and in what country they were borne. and they said in england ¶ Thomas asked he who was king of england. and they ansured and said the good king Edward. Fair friends though said the pilgram when that ye come in to your country again: I pray you that ye would go unto king Edward and oft times him great in mine name And oft times him thank of his great curtasi that he come hath done & nā●y for the ring that he give me when he had herd mass at westminster for scent Iohn love Euangelest and took though the ring & took it to the pilgrames and said. I pray you now gone and bear this ring and take it unto king Edward and tell him that I send it him and a full rich yeft I will him give For upon the xij day he shall come to me & ever more duel in bliss with out any end ¶ Sir said the pilgrims what man be ye and in what country is your duelling ¶ Fair friends quod he I am Iohn thee Euangelest and I am duelling with almighty god. and your king Edward is my friend and I love him in specially for the encheason that he hath ever more live in cleanness and is a clean maid And I pray you my message all for done as I have you said. ¶ When that sent Iohn the Euangelest had them th● charged. suddenly he voided out of their sights bothe· ¶ The pilgrames though thanked almighty god and went forth in their way. ¶ And when they had gone ij. or iij. mile they began to wax weri. & set them a down them for to rest and so they fell on step ¶ And wh● they had slepid well on of them awoke & life up his heed and looked a bout & said unto his fellow arise up and wend we in our ways ¶ What said that on fellow unto that other where be we now. Certes said that other it seemeth me that this is not the same country that we laid us down in for to rest and sleep For we were from jerusalem but iij. miles. ¶ They took up there hands and blessed them & went forth in their way ¶ And as they went in their way they saw shepherds going with their sheep that speaken none other lanage but english. ¶ Leave friends qd on of the pylgryms what country is this & who is lord thereof ¶ And on of the shepherds answered & said this is the country of kent in england: of the which the good king edward wos lord of. ¶ The pylgramies thanked tho almighty god & sent Iohn evanglist & went forth in their way & come to Cantorburi & from thence unto london. & there they fond the king: & told him all from the beginning unto the ending as much as sent iohn had then charged & of all things how they had sped by the way. & took the ring to king edward. & 〈◊〉 underfeng it & thankid almighty god & sent iohn evangelist. & though made him a redi every day from day to day for to wend out of this life. when god would for him send ¶ How sent Edward died on the xij. day. ANd after it befell thus in cristynmas eve as the holy man Edward was at God's servis matines for to here of that high fest he become full sick. and in the morw endured with much pain the mass for to here. and after mass he let him be lad in to his chambre there for to rest him. but in his hall amongs his barons and his knights might he not come them for to comforth & solacen as he was woned for to done at that worthy fest ¶ Wherefore all their mirth and comforth emongꝭ all that were in the hall were turned in to ear & sorrow for encheason that they dread for to lief the good lord the king ¶ And upon sent johanes' day the evangelist though that come next the king underfeng his rights of holy church as it falleth to every cristin man. and abode the mercy & the will of god & though ij. pilgrims he let be fore him come & give them rich yefts & betook them to god ¶ And also the abbot of westminster he let before him come & took him that ring in honour of god & sent Marie & of scent iohn the Euangelest. & the abbot took and put it among other relics: so that it is at westminster & ever shall be & so lay the king seek till the xij: even & tho died the good king edward at westminster & there he lieth. for whose love god hath showed money a fair miracull ¶ And this wos in the year of the incarnation of our lord ihu christ. M.lxu and after he wos translate & put in to the shrine by 〈…〉 Th●●●● of ●to●●●●. VIctor the second was pope after Leo & little of him is writyn Henri the second was emperor after the frist henri xvij year This man wos cousin to Conrady & he wos borne in a wood and twice take to be slain when he was a child. but god defendi him ever more. When he wos made emperor he made a monasteri in the same place in the wood were he vas borne. This man wos a victorius man. And he entyrd in to Italy and there he took Pandulphum the prince of campony. Stephanus the ix. was pope after victor ix monethis Benedictus after him & he took the dignity of the pope Stephyn by strength and keppid it ix months & then dicessed. Henricus the third wos emperor after Henri the second This Herri was an in quiet man. And money times troblid that holy man gregori the seven. And frist he asked foryefnes & was a soiled: both ꝑsavered not. but brought in an other pope ayens him And said he was an heretic. and Gregori cursed him. And the chesars of the emperor. they chose the duke of Saxon for to be Emperor. whom this Henri in battle owercome And then he come to rome· with his pope: and pursued pope Gregori and the Cardinals also. And then anon Robert the king of Napyls droffe him thence And delivered the pope. and his Cardinals: never the lose yet he wos a man of great alms. And xij. times he fought in battle and at the last he died wricchetly. for he wos put thereby his own son. for so as he did to other men. so wos he done to. Nicholas the second was pope after Benedict ij. year. This Nicholas called a counsel ayens the archedekyn of Turonosens the which was an heretic. & he taught against the faith: for he arrit in the sacrament. & after wos he converted. and wos an holy man. but he could never convert his decipuls. Nota. Alexander the second was pope after him xij. year This Alexander wos an holy man. And he ordend that under pain of cursing. that no man should heir a priests mass whom men knew had a leman. ut pꝪ 32 dist: preter hoc. He had strife with on Codulo. but he expulsit him as an vsorpe●. & put him out as a symoyer. ¶ How harold that wos goodewynes son wos made king and how he scappid fro the Duke of bretan. WHen sent edward wos gone out of this world and was passed to god & worthily entered as it apertenyt to such a great lord for to be. The barons of the land would have had edward Helingus son to edward the owtlaw that wos Edmond Irensides son to be king. for as much as he wos most kyndest kings blood of the raame ¶ But Haroldes son through the earl goodwyne & the strength of his father Godewyn & through other great lords of the ream that were of his kin & unto him sib: seized all england in to his hand & anon let crown him king after the interment of sent edward ¶ This Harold that wos godewins son the second year after that sent Edward was died would have gone in to Flaunders but he wos driven through tempast in to the country of Pountife and there he was take and brought unto duke wyllyam And this Harold weaned that though this duke william would have been a venged upon him for encheason that the earl Godewyn that was haroldis father had let kill Alured that was sent edwardis brother and principally for encheason that Alured was queen emma son that was Richardus mother duke of Normandy that wos aiell to the duke william: ¶ And nevertheless when the duke wyllm had harrold in prison and under his power for as much as this harold wos a nobull wise knight and a worthy of body & that his father and he wos a cordid with good king edward. & therefore would not misdone him but all manner things that be betwixt them were spoken and ordained harold by his good will swore upon a book and upon holy sentis that he should spouse and wed duke wyllm daughter after the death of sent edward & that he should besili done his dew for to keep & save the ream of england unto the profit and a vauntege of duke willm ¶ And when harold had thus made his oath unto duke willm. he let him go & give him money rich gifts And he though went thence & come in to england & anon did in this manner when sent edward was died & as a man falsely for sworn he let crown him king of england & falsely broke the counant that he had made before with duke willm wherefore he wos wonder wroth with him and swore that he would upon him been a vengid what so ever him befell ¶ and anon duke willm let assembull a great host & come in to england to a venge him upon Harold & to conquer the land if that he might ¶ And in the same year that harold was crowned Harald harestrenge king of Denmark arrived in scotland & thought to have be king of england. & he come in to england & killed & robbed & destroyed all that he might till that he come to york & there he killed money men of arms a thousand. & an hundreth presties ¶ When this tiding come to the king he assembled a strong power & went for to fight with harold of denmark & with his own hand him killed & the danois were discomfited & though that left alive with much soreu fled to their ships. And thus king harold of england killed king harold of denmark. Anno domini. M.lxvi ¶ How wylliam bastard duke of Normandy come in to england and killed king Harold. Willamus Conqnstor. Here come Normans and expulsed Harold a saxon. ANd when this battle was done harold become so proud and would nothing ꝑt with his pepull of thing that he had gotten but held it all to ward himself wherefore the most part of his people were wroth and from him departed so that only with him left no more but his soudivors ¶ And upon a day as he sat at meet a messenger come to him and said that wylllyam basttard thee Duke of Normandy was arrived in england with a great host and had taken all the land about hasting and also mined the castle ¶ When the king had herd this tiding he went thither with a little pepull in all the haste that he might for their wos but little pepull with him left ¶ And when he wos comen thither he ordryned for to yef bathill to the duke willm But the duke axed him of thes iij. things if that he would have his daughter to wife as he had made and suorne his both & behight. or that he would hold the land of him in truage. or that he would determine this thing through battle ¶ This harold was a proud man and a strong and tristed wonder much upon his strength and fought with the duke willm and with his pepull. but harold and his men in this battle were discomfited and himself there was slain. and this battle was ended at tombrigge in the second year of his reign upon sent Kalixtes day and so he wos buried at waltham. ¶ Of king william bastard & how he governed him well & wyseli and of the were between him & the king of france: WHen willm bastard duke of normandy had conquered all the land. upon cristynmasse day though next sueng he let crown him king at westminster and wos a worthy king and give unto englishmen largeli landis and to his knyghtties: ¶ And afterward he went him over the see and comen in to Normadie & there duelled a while and in the second year of his reign he come again in to england and brought with him Maude his wife and let crown her queen of england on withsonday: ¶ And though anon after the king of scotland that wos called Mancolyn began to strive & were with the duke willm: ¶ And he ordained him toward scotland with his men both by land and by see for to destroy the king Mancolin. but they were acordid & the king of scotland become his man and held all his land of him And king willm received of him his homage and come again in to england. ¶ And when king willm had been king xvij. year Maude the queen died on whom king willm had begotten many fair child: that is for to say Robert curthose william rous Richa●d also that died Henri beauclerc. and Maude also that wos the earls wife of Bleynes & other iiij. fair daughters. ¶ And after his wife's death great debate began betwixt himm & the king of france Philip but at the laast they were accorded And though duelled the king of england in Normandy and no man him wered & he no man long tyme. ¶ And the king of france said upon a day in scorn of king willm: that king willm had long time lain in child bed and long time had rested him ther. ¶ And this word come to the king of england there that he did lie in Normandy at Roen: And for this word was tho ill apaid & eke wonder wroth toward the king of france & suore by god that when he were arise of his gisin he would light a thousand candles to the king of france ¶ And anon let assemble a great host of Normandy and of englissmen: And in the beginning of harvest he come in to fraunce· & brened all the towns that the come by through all thee country and robbed & did all the sorrow that he might through out all france & at the last he brenid the cite of Mandos' and commanded his pepull for to bear wood & as much as he might bren & himself holp there to all that he might with a good will. ¶ And there was great heat what of fiere that was so great & of the son that it was wonder hoot. that it stuffid him so that he become & fell in to a great disease and sickness. ¶ And when he saw that he wos so strong seek. he ordained and assigned all normandi to Robert curthos his son. And all england to willm the Rousse and by quathe to Henri beauclerc all his treasure And though he thus had done. he underfeng all the sacraments of holy church & died the xxij year of his reign & lieth at Khan in Normandy. Anno domini. M.lxvi GRegorius the seven: was pope after Alexander xij. year. This man ordend in a general sinodi that no priest should have a wife ne should duel with women. but though that the holy sinodi of Nicena or other decrees have suffered. and then the priests set nought or little pondrid his ordinans. this pope commanded that no man should heir mass of a priest that had a concubine And he on a certan time when he was cardinal and legate in to france ꝓcedid sharply against prelatis and prestis that wersymonyes: And among other their wos on bishop that wos greatly famed with simony. and those that accused him. priveli he hired them to say the contrary The which the legate consaved. and afore all the pepull. he said let this judgement of this man sese at this tyme. for it is dissavabull. And let god dispose for it: and said thus it is certan that the dingnite of a bishop is the yefer of the holy ghost. and who sum ever bees a bishopprik: doys against the holy ghost. Then if thou bishop did not against the holy gst. Say opynli afore all pepull. gloria patri et filio et spiritui sancto: And money times he began to say it but he could never speak spiritur sancto. ¶ Then he wos deposit of his bisshopprik: and after he could speak it well enough. Victor the third: was pope after him on year: And this man was poysenned with vennun in the chalas. Vrbanus was pope after him ij. year This man cursed the king of france for his avoutre. and he called a counsel at Clarum. in the which he ordained that matins of our ladi should be said every day & on settyrday her solemn maze. & it is said that this was showed unto the freris of Cartusis. Also he called an other counsel at Turam for the holy land to be won again & ꝓuokid the pepull to that matter. & with in a little after that tyme. the most parti of the holy land was recovered & the glorius sepulcur of our lord ihu christ: and an thyochia with money othyr nobull cities were take from the hands of the sarisens' And it is said & men believed that ijCM. cristyn men went to that journey. for there went of statis old men and young. rich and poer. & no man compelled them. and this passage was made by the vision of our ladi: and the princes of this pepull were diverse. On wos Godfray the bollion a nobull man of all the world & a vertuus man. And an other was Beemund the duke of Napuls' The third wos Hugh the kings brother of france. and money other the which did full nobly for the faith of god: and it were to long in this bake to rehearse the glorius acts that they did. ¶ Of king willm Roos that wos willm bastard son that destroyed towns & houses of religion for to make the new forest. ANd after this willm bastard reigned his son william the Rous and this willm was a wonder contrarious man to god and holy church & let amend and make the town off Cardeis that the paynims had destroyed. ¶ This king willm destroyed holy church and their possessions in what part he might them find▪ ¶ And therefore there was so much debate between him and the archbishop of Canterbury Ancelme for encheason that he undernamme him of his wickidnesse that he destroyed holy church And for encheason thereof the king bore to him great wrath and for that cause he exiled him out of this land. and the erchebishop though went to the court of Rome and their dwelled with the pope. ¶ And this king made the new forest. & cast down & destroyed xxvi towns. and lxxx. houses of religion. all for to make his forest longer and brother. and become wonder glad and proud of his wood & of his forest. and C the wild beasts that werther within that it was marvel for to wit so that men called him keeper of wodis and of pastors and the longer that he lived the more wekked he become both to god and to all holy church and to all his men: ¶ And this king let make the great hall of westminster. so upon a day in the witsontyde he held there in his frist fest and he looked him a bout and said that the hall wos to little by the haluen deal. ¶ And at the last he become so contrarius that all thing that pleased god displesid him and all thing that god loved he hatid deidly. ¶ And so it befell that he dreamed upon a night a little or that he died that he was let blood and bled a great quantity of blood and a stream of blood lepit on eigh toward heaven more than an hundredth vethem and the clearness of the day was turned unto night and dirkenesse and the firmament also. ¶ And when that he a work he had great dread so that he not wist what for to done & told his dream to men of his council and said that he had great dread and supposed that to him was sum mischance to cum. ¶ And the second night before a monk dreamed of the household that the king went in to an church with much pepull & he wos proud that he despised all the pepull that wos with him and that he tok the image of the crucifix and shamefully boat it with his teeth. ¶ And the crucifix mekeli suffered all that he did but the king as a wode man rend of the arms of the crucifix and cast it under his feet and defouled it and threw it all a broad & a great flame of fire come out of the crucifix mouth of which dream money men had great marvel and wonder: ¶ The good man that had dremmed this strange dream told it to a knight that wos most privy with the king of all men: and the knight wos called Hamundes: soon the monk and he told the dream to the king and said that it should betokyn other thing than good. and nevertheless thee king laughed there at twice or thrice and little set there by and thought that he would go and hunt & play in the forest. And men counsellid him that he should not that day for no manner thing come in the wood. so that he a bood at home before meet But anon as he had heten no man might him let but he would gone unto the would for to have his disport. ¶ And so it befell that on of his knights that heght walter Tirell would have shot to an heart. & his arow glensid upon a branch and through misadventure smote the king to the heart. & so he fell down died to the ground with out any word speaking and so ended his life days: ¶ And it wos no ferli for the day that he died he had let to firm the erchebisshopprich of Cantorburi and xij: abbeys also. & ever more did great destruction to holy church through wrongful taking & axinges. for no man durst withstand that he would have done. and of his lethernesse he would never withdraw. neither to amend his life & therefore god would suffer him no longer to regne in his wikkidnes & he had been king xiij: year & vi. weeks & lieth at westminster Anno domini: M.lxxxviij. PAscal was pope after urban xviij. yet v. monethis the which the xiij. year of his bisshopprich with his cardinals wos put in prison by Henri the fourth the emperor. & they might not be delivered till the pope had suorne that he should keep peace with him & that he should never curs him. & on that ꝓmis the pope gave the emperor a puylege. & on the year after the pope dampened that puelege. & said on this wise. let us comphend all holy scripture the old testament & the new. the lawis & the ꝓphettis the gospel & the canons of apostles. & all the decrees of the Popes of rome. that at they held I hold. and that at they dampnid I damn. and most specially that privilege granted to Henri the emperor. the which rether is grantid to venge his males: then to multiple the paciens in virtue. for ever more I damn that same privilege. ¶ Of king Henri beauclerke that was willm Rous brother & of the debate between him & Robert Curthos his brother. ANd when this willm Rous wos died Henri beauclerke his brother wos made king for encheason that willm Rous had no child begotten of his body: and this henri beauclerke was crowned king at london the iiij. day after that his brother was deceased that is to say the v. day of august. ¶ And anon as Ancelmme that was archbishop of Cantorburi that was at the court of rome herd tell that willm Rous wos died he come again in to england. & the king beauclarke welcomed him with much honour ¶ And the frist year that king henri reigned & was crowned. he spoused Maude that was Margaretis daughter the queen of Scotland and the archbishop Ancelme of Canterbury wedded them. ¶ And this king begat upon his wife ij. sons and a daughter. that is to say willm & Richard & Maude. And this maude wos afterward the emprisse of Almaigne: ¶ And in the second year of his reign his brother Robert Curthose that was duke of Normandy come with an huge host in to england for to challenge the land but through council of the wise men of the land they were accorded in this manner. That the king should give the duke his brother a thousand pound every year and which of them lived longest should be other heir and so between them should be n● debate ne strife. ¶ And when they were thus accorded the Duke went home again in to Normandy ¶ And when the king had reigned iiij. year there aroos a great debate between him and the archbishop of canwrburis Ancelme For because that the Erchebishop would not grant him for to take talagie of churches at his will. & therefore eftsone the archbishop went over the see unto the court of rome and there dwelled with the pope. ¶ And in the same year the Duke of Normandy come in to england for to speak with his brother. ¶ And among all other things the Duke of normandy for give unto the king his brother the forsayed thousand pound by year that he should pay unto the duke. and with good love the king & the duke ꝑted & there the duke went again in to normandi ¶ And when though ij: year were a gone through enticement of the devil & of lithermen a great debate arose bitwin the king and the duke so that the king through counsel went over the see in to normandi ¶ And when the king of Englond was cumin in to Normandy All the great lords of normandy turned unto the king of england and held against the Duke there own lord & him forsook & to the king them yelden and all the good castles and towns of Normandy And soon after wos the duke taken & led with the king in to england & the king let put the duke in to prison. ¶ And this was the vengeance of god. ¶ For when the Duke was in the holy land. god give him such might & grace. that he was chosin for till a been the king of jerusalem. and he forsook it & would not take it upon him. And therefore god send him that shame & despite for to be put in to his brother's person. ¶ though seized king herri all Normandy in to his hand and held it all his life's time & in the same year come the bishop Ancelme from the cour of Rome in to england again and the king & he wos accorded. ¶ And in the year next coming after there began a great debate between the king Philip of France: & king Henri of Englond ¶ Wherefore king Herri went in to Normandy & theridamas wos strong were between them two and tho died the king of france. and Louis his son wos made king anon after his death. ¶ And though went king Henri again in to england: & married Maude his daughter to Henri the emperor of almain. ¶ Of the debate that was between king Lowis of france & king Henri of england & how king henris ij. sons were lost in the high see. WHen king henri had been king xvij. year a great debate aroos between king Louis of fraunse and king Hnri of Englond: for encheason that the king had sent in to Normandye to his men that they should be helping unto the Earl of Bloyes as much as they might in were ayens the king of france. ¶ And that they should been as ready to him as they were unto their own lord. for encheason that the Earl had spoused his sustren dame Maude ¶ And for this encheason the king of franse did much sorrow to Normandy ¶ Wherefore the king of england was wonder wroth and in haste went over the see with a great power and come in to Normandy for to defend that land. And the were between them lastid ij. year till at the last they two foughten together & the king of fraunse wos discomfited & uneath scappid a way with much pain & the most parti of his men were taken: & the king did with them what him best likid ¶ And sum of them he let go freely & sum let he be put unto the death. But afterward though ij. kings were accorded. ¶ And when king herri had holy all the land of Normadie & scomfited his emnies of franse: he returned again in to england with much honour: ¶ And his ij. sonis Wyllm & Richard would have comen after their father and went to the see with an great componye of pepull: But or that they might come to land the ship come against a rock & brake all in to peses & all were drenchid that were there in save on man that wos in the same ship that ascappid. ¶ And this wos on sent Katrines day. & thes werthe names of them that were drenchid. willm & Richard the kings sons the earl of chester Ottonell his brother Geffray riddle: walter emurci Godfray erchdeken: the kings dow: the Cuntes of ꝑches. the kings neci. the Countess of chester. & money oder. when king henri & oder lords arivid in england & herd thes tidings: they made sorrow enough. & all their mirth & joy wos turned in to morning & sorrow. ¶ How Maude the Emprise come again in to england & how she wos afterward wedded to Geffroi the earl of angoy ANd when that ij. year were a gone that the Earl had duelled with the king· the Earl went from the king and began to were upon him and did much harm in the land of Normandy & took there a strong castle and there he dwelled all that year. & tho come to him tidings that Henri the emperor of almain that had spoused Maude his daughter wos died and that she duelled no longer in almain and that she would come again in to Normandy to her father ¶ And when that she wo●s common unto him he took her tho to him and come again in to Englond and made the englishmen to done oath and fealty unto the emprise and the frist man that made the otho was willm the archbishop of Cantorburi ¶ And that other David king of Scotlond and after him all the Earls and Barons of england ¶ Also after that the nobull man the earl of Angoy that was a worthy knight sent unto the king of england that he would grant him for to have his daughter to spouse that is to say Maude thee emprisse ¶ And for encheason that her father wist that he wos a nobull man. The king him granted and consented there to. ¶ And though took he his daughter and lad her in to Normandy and come to the nobull knight Gaufrid and there he spoused thee foresaid Maude with much honour And the Earl begat upon her a son that was called Henri the Emprisse sone. ¶ And after when all this wos done king Henri duelled all that year in Normandi And after that long time a greuus sickness took him wherthurgh he died ¶ And this king henri reigned xxxv. year and iiij. monethis. and after he died as is before said in Normandy and his heart wos entered in the great church of our lady in Roven. and his body was brought with much hoynour in to england and entered at reading in the abbey of the which abbey he wos beginner and founder. HEnricus the fourth was emperor in Alman after Herri the third xv. yer. This man put his own father in person & there held him till he died he took pope paschal with his cardinals & present them as it is said a foro. for the which cause as it is supposed: he lackid ussu. for he wedded Maude the kings daughter of england: but afterward he come to grace. & all the laws of the church & the lands freely he refined to Calixto the pope. & besought him to yef him in penance that he should never come again to his empire. that he might have remission of his trespass. and after the opinion of money a man he was willely exiled. & died and his wife both at chester in england: Gelasius was pope after paschal ij: year and fled from Henri the emperor in to Burgon & there deceased. This emperor chose benedict a spanyard to be pope the which strofe with Calixto. Calixtus was pope after him ij. year & v. months. This Calixt was the son of the duke of Burgon & was chosen in the place of Gelasii & when he should come to rome. he took thee foresaid Benedict & made him to ride a fore him shamefully. for he on a Mule turned his face to the tail of the mule. & held the tail in his hand as a bridyll. till he come through the cite. & there he was put in prison. and this pope made peace with the emperor. Honorius was pope after him ij. year & little of him is writtin Nota. Harri the fourth emperor of Alman deceased this time and wos buried with his progenitors after sum men with such an Epithapei. Filius hic: pater hic Auus hic: proauus iacꝪ istis: but it is likely to be truyr that at Gerald says in Itinario wally where he says that after he had prisened his carnal father & his spiritual father the pope with his cardinals after he was reconciled & willely he was made exile. And he left Maud his wife the kings daughter of england prenuely. & lived an harmytes life at Chestre x. year where he might live as no man knew him. & he called him self Godiscallus the which godisson is called. So the emperor secretly y went away. And Maude his wife the Emprisse there she went to her father Herri in to Normandy. where anon after she wos wedded to Gefferay Plantagines the duke of andegamme: upon whom he begat Herri the second after king of england under whom sent Thomas of Cantorburi reigned and died. Lotharius wos emperor after henri the fourth xij year. and little of him is writtyn but that he wos mannerly to the chirche· and that he subduid Roger the usurper of the king of Cicely. Hugo de sancto victori was a nobull man this time at paris & a nobull doctor of the nation of the saxons. The ordir of sent Iohn baptist at jerusalem began this time. be the worshipful man Raymond mightily disposed to works of merci. all this ordir make their way to serve poor men Anno domini. M.C.xxxiiij. INnocencius was pope after Honorius xiv. year & seven. monethis This man was a very devote man. & with sich men he societ him: & he had strife seven. year ayens Pers of Lion the which names him Anocletum. and by strength he took the popehood. the which Innocent saw. & with ij. galeys he fled in to france. and wos worsshipfully received of scent Berenard. the which that time had all the kings & the princes in his hand. & he provoked them for to bring this pope Innocent in to his dignity again: all the last allthing was cessid & his emnies were distruyed thurghe the judgement of god: & he wos pope again. and lived profetabuly and was buried at Lauronynce. ¶ How Stephen that wos king Henri sustres son wos made king of england. AFter this king Henry that was the frist was made king his nepheu his sisters son Sstephen earl of Bolloyn For anon as he herd the tiding of his uncles death. than he passed the see and come in to england through counsel & strength and help of money great lords in england ayens there oath that they had made to Maude emprisse took the ream and let crown stephen king of the land. ¶ And the archbishop wiliam of Cantorburi that frist made the oath of feaute to Maud the emprissi set the crown upon king stephen's heed & him anointed. & bishop Roger of Salisburi maintained the kings party in as much as he might ¶ The frist year that king Stephen begun to regne he assembled a great host and went towward Scotland for to have wered upon the king of scotland: but he come ayens him in peace and in good manner and to him trustid. but he made to him none homage for as much as he had made unto the Emprise Maude. ¶ And in the iiij. year of his reign Maude the emprise come in to england. and though began debate betwin king Stephen & maude the Emprise: ¶ This Maude went unto the cite of Nicholl & the king hi● besieged long time & might not speed. so well the cite was keeped and defended. and though that were with in the cite quantely ascapped away with out any manner of harm. & though took the king the cite and duelled therein till candilmasse. And though come the Barons that held with the emprice that is for to say thee earl Randulfe of Chestre. the earl Robert of Glocestre Hugh Bigot. Robert of morlay. And thes brought with them a strong power & fought with the king & give him a great battle: in the which battle king stephen was taken & set in prison in the castle of bristol. ¶ How maude the emprice went fro winchester to Oxford & after she ascapped to walingford & of the sorrow & disease that she had. WHen the king was taken and brought in to ward in the castle of Bristol: This Maude the Emprise anon wos made lady of all england and all men held her for lady of the land. But though of Kentheld with king Stephen's wife. and also william of Pree and his reteune help them and held were against maude the Emprise and anon after the king of scotland come to them with an huge number of pepull. & though went they yfere to wynchester there that the emprise was. & would have taken her. but the Earl of gloucester come with his power & fought with them & the emprise in the meyn while that the battle dured: scappid from thence and went unto Oxford & there her held And in that battle was there the duke of Gloucestre discomfited and take. and with him money other lords ¶ And for his deleveranse wos king Stephen delivered out of prison ¶ And when he was delivered out of prison he went thence unto Oxford & besieged the emprise that was tho at Oxford. & the siege endurid fro Michelmase un till saint Andrew's tide. ¶ And the emprise let tho cloth her all in whit linen cloth. for encheason that she nat wolden be know. for in the same time there wos much snow. & so she ascappid by the thamse from them away that were her emnies. And fro thence she went to walynford & there her held. ¶ And the king would have besegid her. but he had so much to done with the earl Randulfe of chester and with Hugh bygot that strongli wered upon him in every place that he not wist whither for to turn And the Earl of gloucester holp him with his power. ¶ How Gaufrid the earl of Angeon gave up on till Herri the emprise son all Normandy. ANd after this the king went unto wilton. and would have made a Castle there: but though come to him the Earl of gloucester with a strong power. & there almost he had take the king. but yet the king ascapid with much pain. and willm martell there wos take: And for whose deliverances they gave unto the earl of Gloucestre. the good castle of Shirborne. that he had taken. ¶ And when this wos done the Earl Robert & all the kings enemies went unto Faringdone & begun there for to make a strong Castle. But the king come thedre with a strong power and drove him thence. and in that same year the Earl Randulfe of Chestre wos accorded with the king. and come to his court at his commandment. and the Earl weaned safely for to come & the king anon let take him and put him in to prison and might never for thing come out till that he had yield up unto the king the castle of Nicholl the who he had take from the king with his strength in the xv. year of his regne. ¶ And Gaufryd the earl of angeon gave up unto Henri his son all Normandy: And in the year that next sued died the earl Gaufrid and Henri his son though anon turned again to Angeon. & there was made earl with much honour of his men of the land. and though to him diden fealty and homage the most part of his land ¶ And though was this Henri the emprice son Earl of Angew and also the duke of Normandy. ¶ In the same year was made divorce between the king of france and the queen his wife that was right heir of Gascoyn for encheason that it was know and proved that they were sib and nigh of blood And though spoused her Henri the Emprise son Earl of angon & the Duke of Normandy and Duke of Gascoigne. ¶ In the xviij. year of this Stephen. This Henri come in to england with a strong power and begins for to were upon this king Stephen and took the castle of Malmesburi and did much harm & the king Stephen had so much were that he not wist for to wend but at the last they were accorded through the archbishop Theobald. & through other worthy lords of Englond upon this condition that they should depart the ream of Englond bytwyn them so that Henri the emprise son should holy have the half of all the land of england ¶ And thus they were accorded & peace cried through out all england. ¶ And when the accord was made between though ij. lords King stephen become so sorry for because that he had lost half england. and fell in to such amaladie and died in the nineteen. year & viij. weeks and v. days of his reign all in were and in contake and he lieth in the abbey of feveresham the which he let make in the vi. year of his regne. CElestinus the second was pope after Innocent v. month is and little he did. Lucius was after him and little profited for they died both in a pestylens Eugenius the second was pope after him v: year and iiij. months This man frist wos the descipull of scent Barnard. and after the abbot of scent Anastasy by rome. and come to the church of scent Cesari & was chosin pope by the Cardinals he no thing knawing thereof. and for dread of the senators he was consecratid with out the cite· This man was an holy man and suffered trubilation & at the last with much holiness he deceased & lieth at sent petres. and after anon deceased sent barnard. Petrus lambardus the bisshoꝑ of Paris brother to Gracian compiled the iiij books of the sentence this time Petius commestor brother to gracian & to Peris lunard made historiam scolasticam & oder books Fredericus primus after Conrad wos emperor in almain & in rome xxxiij. year This man after the death of Adrian the pope the which crowned him did cursedly with alexander to him great prejudice. for he did help iiij that strofe ayens the apostle se●t. And he fought myghteli ayens the king of frrance through power of the danois and other nations. But Richard the king of england holp for to expuls him. & he destroyed Mediolanun to the groaned. of the which cite the walls were higher than the wales of any other cite: This man at the last after he had done money vexations to the pope he wos reconciled. For he dread lest the Lumbardis would have rebelled ayence him: he asked foryefnes of the pope. & took the cross upon him and went unto the loly land & did money marvelous things ther· almost as much as ever did Karolus magnus. And there he come by a town that men called Armenyan & in a little water he wos drenched. & at Tirun he wos buried Anastasius wos pope after Eugeny iiij year & more. This man wos abbot of Rufy. & then he wos chosin cardinale & after pope. ¶ Of king Henri the second that wos the emprise son in whose time sent Thomas of cantorburi was Chancellor. ANd after this king Stephen reigned Henri the emprise some and was crowned of the archbishop Theobald the xvij day before cristynmes And in the same year Thomas Beket of London archbishop of Cantorburi was made the kings chancellor of england. ¶ The second year that he was crowned he let castdoune all the new castles that were longing to the crown the wiche king Sstephen had yef unto diverse men and them had made Earls and barouns for to hold with him & to help him ayens Henri the emprise son ¶ And the iiij. year of his reign he put under his own lordship the king of wales And in the same year the king of Scotland had in his own hand that is to say the cite of Karlill the castle of Bamburgh & the new castle upon Tyne and the earldom of lancastre. ¶ The same year the king with a great power went in to wales and let cast down woods and make ways and made strong the Castle of Rutland basingwarke. and among the castles he made an house of the temple. ¶ And in the same year was Richard his son borne that afterward wos earl of Oxford and the iiij. year of his reign he made Gaufrid earl of Bretan And in that year he changed his monay. & the vi. year of his reign he lad an huge host unto Tolouse and conquered it. ¶ And the seven. year of his reign died Theabult the archbishop of Cantorburi And though all the cite of Cantorburi almmost through meschefe wos burned. ¶ The ix. year of his reign Thomas Bekit that wos his chancellor wos chosen to been archbishop of caūtorburi. And upon sent Barnardis day he wos sacred. and in that year wos borne Helienor the kings daughter: ¶ And in the x. year of his reign sent Edward the king was translated with much honour ¶ And the xi. year of his reign he held his parliament at Northamtoon. And from thence fled sent Thomas archbishop of cantorburi. for the great debate that wos betwixt the king & him. for if he had been found in the morn he had been slain. & therefore he fled thence with iij. fellows on foot only that no man wisten where he wos: & went over the see to the pope of Rome. ¶ And this was the principal encheason for as much as the king would have put clerks to death that were atteyntit of felony with out any privilege of holy church: ¶ And the xij. year of his reign was jon his son borne: And the xiij. year off his reign died Maude the emprice that was his mother. ¶ The: xiv: year of his reign the duke Henri of Saxon spoused Maude his daughter. & he begat upon her iij: sonis that were called Henri Othus & Willm ¶ And in the xv year of his reign died the good earl Robert of Glocestre that founded the abbey of nuns of Eton. ¶ And in the same year Marike king of jerusalem conquered Babylon ¶ And the xvi year of his reign he let crown his son Henri king at westminster. & him crowned Roger archbishop of york. in harming of Thomas archbishop of Cantorberi wherefore this same Roger was accursed of the pope. ¶ How king henri that was son of king henri the emprise son and of the debate that wos between him and his father while that he wos in Normandy. AFter the coronation of king henri the son of king henri the emprise son ¶ That same henri the emprise son went over in to Normandy & there he let marry Elenour the daughter of the Dolfyn that was king of almain ¶ And in the seven. year that the archbishop 〈◊〉 Thomas had been outlawed the king of frunce made the king & 〈◊〉 Thomas accorded. & tho come thomns the archbishop to Cantorburi again to his own church ¶ And this accord was made in the beginning of advent And afterward he wos killed 〈…〉 the v. day of cristynmasse that though next come ¶ For king henri thought upon 〈◊〉 Thomas the archbishop upon cristinmasse day as he sat at his meet & these words said That if he had any good knights with him he had be money a day passed avengid upon the archbishop Thomas. ¶ And anon sir willm Breton. sir hugh Moruyle. sir william Traci. & sir Reignold fitz vrse bears son in english preveli went unto the see & comen in to england unto the church of cantorburi and there they him 〈◊〉 at sent Benettes altar in the mother church. ¶ And that was in the year of the Incarnation of ihu christ. M.C: lxxij. year. ¶ And anon after Henri the new king began for to make were upon Henri his father and upon his brother. willm & O thus ¶ And so upon a day the king of france and all the kings sons and the king of scotland and the grettyst lords of englong were arisen against thee king Henri the father and at the last as god would he conquered all his emnies. ¶ And the king of france & he were accordit & tho sent king henri the father speciali un to the king of france & prayed him herteli for his love that he would send to him the names by letter of them that were the begyners of the were ayens him ¶ And the king of france sent again to him by letter the names of them that began the were ayens him. ¶ The frist was Iohn his son & Richard his brother. and henri the new king his son though was henri the king wonder wroth and cursed the time that ever he him begat. ¶ And while the were dured Henri his son the new king died sore repenting his misdediss & most sorrow made of any man for because of 〈◊〉 thomas death of cantorburi. ¶ And prayed his father with much sorrow of heart merce for his trespass. & his father for gave him. and had of him great pit and after he died the xxxvi. year of his reign and lieth at reding. ¶ How the cristyn lost the holy land in the foresaid kings time through a falls cristyn man that become a sarisen. ANd while that king henri the emprise son lived and reigned the great battle wos in the holy land between the cristyn men and the saracens. but the cristyn men were there killed through great treason of the earl Tirpe that would have had to wife the queen of jerusalem that some time wos Baldewyns wife but she forsook him and took to her lord a knight a worthy man that wos called sir Gnyꝑches wherefore the earl Tirpe was wroth and went anon right to Soladyne that was soudeyn of Babylon & become his man. And forsook his cristindom & all cristyn law and the cristin men witted not of this dediss: but weaned for to have had great help of him as they were wont to have before: ¶ And when they comen to the battle. This falls cristyn man turned unto the saracens & forsook his own nations & so were the cristyn men there killed with the saracens ¶ And thus were the cristyn men slain & put to horibull death. & the cite of Jerusalem destroyed. and the holy cross borne away ¶ The king of france and all the great lords of the land let them cross for to go unto the loly land ¶ And among them went Richard king Henri son frist after the king of france that took the cross of the archbishop of tours: but he took not the voyage at that time for encheason that he wos let by other manner ways & nediss to be done. ¶ And when king henri his father had reigned xxxvi. year & v. months & iiij. days he died & lieth at foundenerard. Anno domini. M: C.lvi ADrianus the fourth wos pope after Anastasy v. year This pope was an englisshman. & the voice of the common pepule saith he wos a bondman to the abbot of sent albons in england And when he desired to be made a monk ther. he wos expulsid & he went over the see. & gave him to study & to virtue. & after wos made bishop of Albanacens. than he wos made legate in to the land of wormacian. & he convertid it to the faith: them he wos made pope: & for the wounding of a Cardinal he enterditit all the cite of rome: & he cursed willm the king of Cecil. & caused him to submit him: This man the frist of all Pope's with his cardinals dueld in the old cite. Alexandre the third was pope after him xij. year This Alexander had strife xvij. year and the iiij. strivers that the Emperor set against him he over come them: and cursed them: & they all dread an ill death. ¶ This man also accorded Frederic the emperor & Emanuel of Constantiomble· & the king of Siculorum: And this man nourished sent Thomas of cantorberi in his exile. Nota. Sent Bernard wos canonisit by this alexander & his abbot forbade him he should do no more miracles. for their was so mighty concourse of pepull. And he obeyed to him when he wos died & did no more. Lucius the third was pope after Alexander iiij. year & ij. months and of him little is written ¶ In this man's days deceased Henri the frist son of henri the second & this his his epytasi. ¶ Omins honoris honos. decor et decus. urbis et orbis Milicie splendour gloria lumen apex. julius ingenio. virtutibus hector. Achilles' viribus. Augustus' moribus. Ore paris. Vrbanus the iij. was pope after Lucius ij. year This man deceased for sorrow when he hard tell that jerusalem was take with thee saracens. Gregori the viij: was pope after him iiij months & he practiset mighteli how jerlm might be won again. but anon he deceased. Clemens the iij. was pope after him iij. year. & little did. ¶ Of king Richard that conquered all the holy land that cristin men had lost. ANd after this king henri reigned Richard his son a stout man & a strong and a worthy and also bold and he was crowned at westminster of the archbishop Baldewyn of Cantorburi the third day of september. and the second year of his reign king Richard himself and Baldewyn the archbishop of Canterbury & Hubert bishop of Salisburi & Raudulfe earl of Gloucestre. and other money lords of england went in to the holy land and in that voyage died the archbishop of cantorburi. ¶ And king Richard went before in to the holy land & rested not till that he come forth in his way unto Cipers & took it with great force: and sithen that king Richard went forth toward the holy land and get there as much as the cristyn men had there before losten. and conquered the land again through great might safe only the holy cros. ¶ And when king Richard comen to the cite of Acres for to get the cite. there aros a great debate between him and the king of france so that the king of france went again in to france & was wretch toward the king Richard but yet for all that or king richard went again he took the cite of acres. ¶ And when he had taken it he duelled in the cite a while. but to him come tidings that the earl Iohn of Oxford his brother would have seized all england in to his hand and Normandy also. and would croune him king of the land ¶ And when king richard hard tell off this tiding he went again toward england weth all the speed that he might. ¶ But the duke of Ostrich met with him & took him & brought him unto the Emperor of almain. & the emperor him brought in to his prison ¶ And afterward he was delivered for an huge raunsum that is for to say an hundreth thousand pound. And for the which ranson to be paid each other whales of Englond wos melted and made in to monay and all the monks of the order of cisteaux yefen all their books through out all england for to done them to sell & the ransom for to pay. ¶ How king Richard come again from the holy land and avenged him of his emnies. Whiles this king richard wos in prison the king of france wereed upon him strongly in Normandy and johan his brother wered upon him in Englond. ¶ But the bishops and barons of england withstod him with all the power that they might get: and took the castle of wyndosore and other castles ¶ And the foresaid Iohn saw that he had no might ne power ayenis the barons of england for to fight but anon went him over see unto the king of france ¶ And when king richard come out of prison and wos delivered and come in to england. anon after candilmasse in great haste he went unto notyngham and the castle of Notyngham to him wos yoleden And though discomfitid he his brother johan and though that with him held ¶ And after he went unto the cite of wynchestre and there he let him crown king of Englond. & after he went unto Normandy for to were upon the king of france. ¶ And the king of france come with v. C. knights toward guysor's and the king Richard met him and though would have yefen him battle but the king of france fled tho and an hundredth knights of his were take and ijC. steeds were there trappid with iron. ¶ And anon after went king richard for to besiege the castle of Gaillard and as he road upon a day by the castle to take advisement of the castyli. an arbalastier smote him with a quarrel that wos enuenyned. & the king drofe out the shaft of the quarrel but the quarrel heed abood still in his heed. & it began for to rankill that he might not help himself ne move his arms ¶ And though he witted that he had deaths wound upon him that he might not be hole for no manner thing. he commanded annone sharpili all his men for to assaill the castle. So that the castle was take or that he died. & so manli his men did that all the pepull that were in the castill were taken. & the king did with them what he would & commanded his men that they should bring before him the man that him so hurt & so woundid ¶ And when he come before the king the king axed him what was his name: & he said mi name is bartram gurdon. wherefore said the king hast tow me slayn· sith that I did the never none harm ¶ Sir said he though ye did me never none harm. ye yourself with your hand killed my father & my brother. & therefore I have quite now your travel. ¶ though said king Richard he that died upon the cross to bring man's soul from pine of hell: for yef the my death. & I also for yef it the. ¶ though commanded he that no man should him misdo ¶ But for all the kings defending some of his men him followed & pueli him killed & the vi. day after the king did shrive him & sore repentans having of his misdeeds & wos houseled & anointed. & this king reigned but ix: year & xxxix. weeks & died & lieth beside his father at fountenerard. HEnricus the v. wos emperor viij. year This henri was son to Frederik. & he wedded Constans the kings daughter of Cecil: And through the occasion of her he subduid all the kingdom of apulie. & he drofe all the pepull out that inhabit that land: Celestinus the third was pope after Clemens almost iij. year This man wos crowned upon Estyr day. & the day foloing he crowned Henri the emperor. & he made a palas at sent Petres & decesid innocentius the third was pope after him viij: year. & v. monnethes. This man was well lettered and he made a book of the wrecchidnes of man's condition. And he made splm miss. & he made money constitutions This man dampened the book of Iohn joachim the which he made against mastyr Pers Lombard the maker of thee sentans. ¶ This time decesid the emperor Henri. & the princes of almain discordid: for sum chose Otto & some choso Philip brother to henri. then philip wos falsely slain. & Otto was crowned of Innocens in fraunse. the which anon fought with the Romans for they give him no due honour. And for that cause ayens the Pope's will he took the kingdom of Apulie from Frederik. wherefore the pope cursed him. then after the fourth year of his reign the prince of almain made Fredirik emperor & victoriusly he subduid Otto. William of Paris this time began the ordir of the freres austin the which be called freris mendicantes Franciscus an Italian a man of great ꝑfection & a sampill to money a man did money a myracull this time: and he ordand the frere Minores. ¶ And the vi: year of pope Innocent the third. The ordir of the friars preach is began: under Dominik but it might not be confirmed till the frist year of honory: ¶ Of king Iohn that in the frist year of his reign lost all Normandy. WHen king Richard was died for encheason that he had non heir neither son ne daughter his brother johan was made king an crowned at westminster of Hubert that though was Erchbisshop of Cantorburi ¶ And when he began to regne he become so meruelus a man and went over in to Normandy. & wered upon the king of france. & so long they wered to gedre till at the last king Iohn lost all Normandy & Angeon. wherefore he was sore annoyed & it was no marvel. ¶ Thomas let he assemble before him at London erchebisshoppis bishops abbots & prior's earls & barons & held there a great parliament & axed theridamas of the clerge the tenth of every church of england for to conquer & get again Normandy & Angeon that he had lost. They would not grant that thing wherefore he was wonder wroth. ¶ And in that same time died Hubert the prior & the covent of Cantorburi chosen against the kings will to be Erchebirspop mastyr Stephen of langton a good clerk that woned at the court of rome & send to the pope there election & the pope confirmid it & sacred him at viterbi: ¶ When the king witted this tiding he wos wonder wroth & drofe the prior & covent fro cantorbury & exiled them out of england & commanded that no manner letter that come from rome ne no commandment should be underfeng ne plete in england ¶ When this tiding come to the pope. he sent to king johan be his letter & prayed him with good will & good heart that he would underfenhe Stephen erchebisshop of Cantorburi to his church & suffer the prior & his monks to come again to there own duelling but the king would not grant it for no thing. ¶ How king Iohn would nothing done for the Pope's commandment wherefore all england was interdicted and suspended. ANd at the last the pope sent by his authority and enjoined to the bishops of englomd that if the king would not undirfenge the prior of Cantorburi and his monks that they should done general interditing through out all englone and granted full power to iiij. bishops to pronounce the interditing if it werned. ¶ The frist was bishop willm of London and that other bishop Eustace of Ely & the iij: was bishop walter of winchestre & the iiij. was bishop Giles of Herford ¶ And thes iiij. bishops prayed the king kneeling on their kneys & sore wepping that he would do the Pope's commandment & showed him the Pope's bulls of the enterditing. but for no prayer that they might pray he would not consent there to. ¶ And when the bishops saw this they went from the king. And in the morn after the Anunciaon of our lady they pronounced the general enterditing through out all england so that the church doris were shit with keys and with other fastyning & with walls. ¶ And when the enterditing was pronounced than the king began for to wax all out of measure & anon in to his hand all the possessions of the iiij. bishops & of all the clarge through out all the land he took. & ordained men for to keep it that the clarkis might not have there living. Wherefore the bishops cursed all them that put or should meddle with holy church goods ayens the will of them that owed them. ¶ And when the king would not of his malace sees for no manner thing: Thes iiij. bishops afore said went over the see & come to the bishop of Cantorburi & told him all the thing: ¶ And the Erchebisshop to them said that they should gone again to Cantorburi & he should come thither to them or else he would send unto them certan persons in his stead that should do as much as himself were theridamas ¶ And when the bishops herd this. They turned again in to england & come unto Cantorburi ¶ The tiding comen to the king that the bishops were come again to cantorburi & him self might not come thither that tyme. he send thither bishops earls & abbotis for to treat with them that the king should underfeng the erchebisshop stephen & the prior & all the monks of Canterbury & that he should never after that time no thing take of holy church against the will of them that awed the goods & that the king should make full amendis to them of whom he had any goods taken and that holy church should have all fraunchis as farforth as they had in sent Edwardis time the confessor. ¶ How Stephen of langton come in to england through the popis commandemnt and how he went again: When the form of accordment thus wos ordained it was in apayr of endenturs and they put their seals to that one part and they that comen in the kings name put their seals to that other part of the indentures and iiij. bishops above said took that on part of the endenturs to them and that other part of the endenturs they bore with them to show to the king ¶ When the king saw the form & under stood he held him full well apaid of all manner thing as they had ordained saving as teaching restitution of the goods for to make again: to that thing he would not accord & so he send word again to the iiij. bishops that they should do out and put a way that on point of restitution. ¶ But they answered that they would not done on word out: though sent the king to the archbishop by though iiij. erchebisshoppis that he should come to cantorburi for to speak with him there & sent unto him saufcondit under pledges that is to say his justices Gilbert Peitevyn willm de la Brener and john be fitz Hugh that in their conduit safely he should come & go again at his own will & in this manner the archbishop Stephen come to cantorburi ¶ And when the archbishop was comen the king come to Chilham for he would no neigh cantorburi at that time but he sent by his tresorour bishop of wynchestre that he should done out of the endenturs the clause of restitution for to moke of the goods: ¶ And the archbishop made his oath that he nold not never done out o word thereof ne yet change of that the bishops had spoken & ordained. And though the archbishop went again to rome with out any more doing ¶ King iohn was though wrother then ever he wos before. and let make a common cry through out all england that all though that had holy church rentis and went over the see. that they should come again in to england at a certan day or else they should lose their rentis for ever more. & that he commanded to every sheriff through out all england that they should inquire if any Bishop Abbot Prior. or any other prelate of holy church fro that day afterward received any commandment that comen fro the pope: That they should take the body & bring it before him. & that they should take in to the kings hands all there lands of holy church that were yefen to any man by the archbishop Stephen or by the prior of cantorbury from the time of election of the archbishop. & commanded that all the woods that were the erchebisshoppis should be castyn down unto the groaned & all sold. ¶ How king Iohn destroyed the ordir of Cisteaux: ANd in the same time the Irishmen began to were upon king Iohn. and king Iohn ordained him for to wend in to Irland and let arere an huge tax through out all england that is for to say xxxv. M: mark. And thus he sent through out all england unto the monks of the ordir of Cisteaux that they should help him of vi. M. mark of silver: ¶ And they answered and said that they durst nothing done with out there chief abbot of cisteaux wherefore king Iohn when he come again from Irland did them so much sorrow & care that they not wist wherefore to abide for he took so much ransom of every house of them that the some ammounted to ix. M.ccc. mark So that they were clean lost & destroyed and voided their houses & their lands through all englond. & the abbot of waversay dread so much his menace that he for soak all the abbey & went thence & privoly ordained him over see to the house of burdeux when the tiding come to the pope that the king had done: so much malice though was he toward the king full wrath. & sent ij. Legates unto the king that on wos called Pandolf & that other Durant that they should warn the king in the Pope's name that he should cese of his persecution that he did unto holy church and amend the wrong and the trespass that he had done to the archbishop of Cantorburi and to the prior and unto the monk is of Cantorburi and to all the clarge of Englond and that he should restore all the goods again that he had taught of them ayens there will. And else they should curse him by name and to do this thing and to confirm the pope took them his letters in bullis patents. ¶ Thes ij. legatis come in to england and come to the king to Northampton there that he held his parliament and full courtasly they him salved and said Sir we be comen fro the pope of Rome the peace of holy church and the land to a mend ¶ And we amonest you frist in the Pope's half that ye make full restitution of the goods that ye have raveshed and take of holy church and of the land. and that ye undirfenge Stephen archbishop of Cantorburi in to his dignity and the Prior of Cantorburi and his monks and that ye yield again unto the archbishop all his lands and rentis with out any withholdyng. ¶ And sir yet more over that ye shall make restitution unto all holy church whereof they shall hold them well apaid: ¶ though answered the king as touching the prior & his monks of Cantorburi all that ye have said I will done gladly and all thing that ye will ordain ¶ But as touching the archbishop I shall tell you in mine heart as it lieth. that the archbishop let his bisshopprich. and that the pope than for him would pray and than upon a venture me should like some other bisshopprich for to yef him in Englond & upon this condition I would him receive and underfeng ¶ And notheles in england as archbishop yef he abide he shall never have so good saufcondit but he shall be take. ¶ though said Pandolfe unto the king sir holy church wos woned never to discharge an archbishop with out cause reasonable but ever it hath be woned to chastise princes that to god and holy church were inobidient ¶ What how now quoth the king menace ye me ¶ Nay said pandolf but ye now openle have told as it standeth in your heart: ¶ And to you we will tell what is the Pope's will. And thus it standeth that he has you holy enter dited and a cursed: for the wrongs that ye have done to holy church and to the clarge. ¶ And for as much as ye duel & beth in will to a bide in malace & wricchednes & will not come out there of ne to no amendment. ye shall understand that this time afterward the sentence is upon you yeffen and holdeth stead and strength. & upon all though that with you have communed before this time whether they be Earls Barons or knights or any other what so ever that they be we them assoil saufly unto this day. & fro this time afterward of what condition some ever that they be we them a curse that with you common any word. & do we sentanse upon them openly and specially. ¶ And we assoill clean Earls Barons Knights & all other men of there homages servis & feautes that they should unto you done. And this tiding to confirm. we yef plain power to the bishop of wynchestre & to the bisthop of Norwiche. ¶ And the same power we yif in to scotland to the bishops of Rochestre & of Salisburi. ¶ And in wales we give the same power to the bishops of sent David & of Landaf & of sent Asse· ¶ And more over we send through out all christendom that all the bishops be yond the see that they done a curse all though that helpeth you or any council yefeth you in any manner need that ye have to do in any part of the world ¶ And we assoyell them also all by the actorite of the pope: and command them also with you for to feght as with him that is enemy to all holy church ¶ Thomas answered the king what may ye do more to me. ¶ though answered Pandolf we say to you in the word of god: that ye ne none heir that ye have never after this day may be crowned ¶ though said the king by him that is almighti god & I had wist this or that the come in to my land that ye had me brought sich tiding I should have made you ride all on year. ¶ though answered pandolf full well wend we at our frist coming that ye would have be obedient to god & to holy church. & have fulfilled the Pope's commandment. & now we have showed unto you & ꝓnouncid the Pope's will as we were charged there with. & as now ye have said that if ye had wist the cause of our coming that ye would have made us ride all an hole year. & as well ye might have said that ye would have takin an hole year of respite by the Pope's leave. ¶ But for to suffer what death ye could ordain. we shall not spare for to tell you holy all the Popes message & his will that we were charged with. ¶ How Pandolf delivered a clerk that had falsed & conterfeted the kings monay before the king himself. ANd anon though commanded the king the sheriffs & bailiffs of Northampton that were in the kings presence that they should bring forth all the prisoners that they might been done to death before Pandolf for encheason the king weaned that they would have gain said their dediss for cause of death all thing that he had spokin afore ¶ When the prisoners were come be fore the king the king commanded some to be hanged & sum to be drawn & sum to draw out there eyn out of their heed ¶ And among all other there was a clerk that had falsid the kings monay. And the king commanded that he should be hanged & draw▪ ¶ And when Pandolf herd this commandment of the king he start him up smartely and anon axed a book and a candle & would have cursed him & all them that set upon the clerk any hand. And Pandolf him self went for to sech a cross & the king followed him & delivered him the clerk by the hand that he should do with him what he would ¶ And thus was the clerk delivered & went thence ¶ And Pandolf & Durant his fellow went from the king Iohn & come again to the pope of rome & told him that king Iohn would not amended be but ever abiden so accursed ¶ And notheles the pope grantid that year through out england that men might sing masses in coveneble chirchis & make God's body and yef it to seek men that should pass out of this world And also that men might cristyn child over all the land ¶ And when the pope witted and saw that the king would not been under the rule of holy church for no manner thing the pope though sent to the king of france in remision of his sins that he should take with him all the power that he might & wend in to england for to distru king Iohn. ¶ When this tiding come to king Iohn though wos he sore annoyed & sore dread lest that he should lose his ream & himself be done to death. ¶ though sent he to the pope messengers and said that he would been justified & come to a mendment in all things and would make satisfaction to all manner men after the Pope's ordinance ¶ Thomas sent the pope again in to engloted Pandolf and other messengers come to Cantorburi though the king abode. And the xiij day of May the king made an oath for to stand to the Pope's ordinance before Pandolf the legate in all manner of things in which he wos a cursed & that he should make full restitution to all men of holy church & of relegion & of the godis that he had taken of them ayens there will and all the great lords of england swore upon the book & by the holydom that if the king would not hold his oath they said that they would make him hold it by strength ¶ Thomas put the king him to the court of rome & to the pope & though gave he up the ream of Englond & of Irland for him and for his heirs for ever more that should come after him So that king Iohn and his heirs should take though ij. reams of the pope's hands & should every year pay firm unto the court of rome a thousand mark of silver. ¶ And though took the king the crown of his heed and set him on his kneys and thes words said he in hearing of all the great lords of england her I resign up the crown and the ream of england in to the Pope's Innocent hand the third. and put me holy in his mercy and in his ordinances ¶ Thomas underfeng Pandolf the crown of king Iohn and keeped it v. days as for sesing taging of ij. reams of Englong and Irland and confirmed all manner things by his chartur that followeth after. Of the letter obligatory that king johan made unto thee court of Rome. wherefore the Petres pens been gathered through out all england. TO all cristyn pepull through out all the world duelling Iohn by the grace of god king of england greeting to your university. and be it known that for as much as we have grieved and offended god & our mother church of rome: & for as much as we have need unto the mercy of our lord ihu christ & also we may nothing so worthy offer as compitent satisfaction to make to god & to holy church but if that it were our own body. as with our reams of england & of Irland ¶ Than by the grace of god we desire to meek us for the love of him that meked him to the death upon the cros. through counsel of the nobull Earls & Barons we offer and freli grant to god & to the apostles sent petre & sent paul & to our mother church of rome & to our holy father the pope Innocent the third & to all the Popes that cometh after him▪ all the ream & patrenages of churches of england & of Irland with their appertenances for remission of our sins and help & health of our kine souls & of all christian souls. So that fro this da● afterward we will receive & hold of our mother church of rome as fe fa●me doing feaute to our holy father the pope Innocent the third. & so to all the Popes that cometh after him in the same manner above said And in presence of the wise man pandolf the Pope's subdekyn. we make liege homage as it were in the Pope's presence & before him were. & shall done all manner things above said. & there to we bind us & all that cometh after us. & our heirs for ever more without any then saying to the pope & eke the ward of church vacauntzes & in token of this thing ever for to last: we will confirm & orden that our special rentis of the foresaid ream saving sent petres pens in all thing to the mother church of rome paying by year a. M. mark of silver at ij. terms of the year for all manner customs that we should do for the foresaid reams that is to say at myhelmasse and at Estyr that is to say vijC. mark for england and iijC. mark for Irland saving to us & to our heirs our justices & our other franchises & other realtes that ꝑteneth unto the crown. And thes things that before been said we will that it be firm & stabull with out end. & to that obligation we & our successors & our heirris in this manner been bound. that if we or any of our heirs through any pnsumption fall in any point against any of thes things above said & he be warned & will not right amend him. he shall than lose the for said ream for evermore. & that this chartre of obligation & our warrant for ever more be firm & stabull without gain saying we shall fro this day afterward be true te god & to the mother church of rome & to the pope Innocent the iij. & to all that cometh after him & the reams of england & of irland we shall maynten trewli in all manner points against all manner men by our power through godis help: ¶ How the clerks that were outlawed of england come ayenꝭ and how king johan was assoiled. WHen this chartre was made and enseled the king underfeng again his crown of Pandolfes' hand and sent anon unto the archbishop Stephen and to all his other clerks and lewd men▪ that he had exiled out of this land that they should come again in to Englond and have again their lands & also there rentis and that he would make restitution of the gooddis that he had taken of there's against there will. ¶ The king himself tho and Pandolf & earls and barons went unto wynchestre ayens the archbishop Stephen & when he wos come the king went against him and fell a down to his feet and thus to him said. fair sir ye be welcome and I cry you mercy for encheason that I have trespassed against you: ¶ The archbishop took him up tho in his arms and cussed him courtasly oft times and after lad him to the door of Sent swithiness church by the hand and assoiled him of the sentence & him reconciled to god and to holy church and that was on Sent Mergaretes day and the archbishop anon went for to sing mass and the king offered at the mass a mark of gold. ¶ And when the mass was done all they went to underfong all there lands with out any manner gain saying: And that day they made all mirth & joy enough but yet was not the interditing releced. for encheason the pope had set that the enterditing should nat be undone: till the king had made full restitution of the goods that he had taken of holy church and that himself should done homage to the pope by a certain legate that he should send in to england ¶ Thomas took Pandolf his leave of the king and of the archbishop and went again unto Rome. And the archbishop anon let come before him prelatis of holy church at reading for to treat and council how much & hot they should ask of the king for to make restitution of the godis that he had take of them ¶ And they ordained and said that the king should yet unto the archbishop iij. M. mark for the wrong that the king had done unto him ¶ And also by portions to other clerks xv. M. mark And the same time Nicholas bishop of Tuscan Cardinal pennitancer of rome come in to england through the Pope's commandment the v. kalend of October & come to london the v. noon as of Ootober for encheason that king john and all the kings that come after him should ever more hold the reams of englone & of Irland of god & of the pope paying to the pope by year as it is above said. ¶ How the enterditing wos undone in england and of the debate that wos between king Iohn & the barons of the ream. WHen king Iohn had done his homage to the legate that showed him the pope's letter that he should pay to julian and yield again that was king Richard wife the iij· part of the land of england & of irland that he had with hold sith that king Richard died▪ ¶ When king iohn herd this he was wonder wroth: for utterly the enterditing might not be undone till that he had made gree and restitution to the foresaid Julian of that she axed The legate went tho again to the pope after christmas. & the king sent though messengers oversee to julian that wos king Richard wife for to have a release of that she axed of him: ¶ And so it befell that julian died anon after Estir And in so much the king was quite of that thing that she axed. ¶ But tho at the fest of scent johan that come next after through the Pope's commandment the enterditing wos frist released through all england the seven. day of evil And seven: year was the land interdicted. & in the morn men rung & said mass through out all london & so after through out all england ¶ And the next year after theridamas began a great debate between king Iohn & the lords of england for encheason that he would not grant the laws & hold. the which sent Edward had ordained. & had be used & hold unto that time that he had them broken for he would hold no law but did all thing that him likid & desheried money men with out consent of lords & peris of the land. & would desherite the good Earl Randulf of Chestre for encheason that he undertook him of his wykkidnesse. & for cause that he did so much shame & villainy to god and holy church And also far he held & hauntid his own brother's wife & lay also by money other women great lords doughtres for he sparid no woman that him liked for to have. wherefore all the lords of the land were with him wonder wroth and went to london & took the cite: ¶ And for to cese this debate and sorrow the erchebishop and other great lords of the land assembled them before the fest of scent johan baptist in a meadow besides the town of stanes that is called Romnemede. And the king made them there a chertour of franchises such as they would axen & in such manner they were accorded and that accordment last not full long. for the king him self soon after did against the points of the same chartre that he had made wherefore the most part of the land of lords assembled them and began to were upon him again. and brened his towns and robbed his folk & did all the sorrow that they might & made them as strong as they might with all their power & thought to drive him out of england. and make Louis the kings son of france king of england. ¶ And king Iohn sent tho over see and ordained so much pepull of Normans & of Piccardes & of flemings So that the land might not sustain them but with much sorrow ¶ And among all thes pepull there was a man of Normandy that was called Faukis of brent and this Normand & his conpany spared neither church ne house of religion but they brint & rob it & bore away all that they might take. so that the land wos all destroyed what on oon side & on other. ¶ The barons & lords of Englond ordained among them the best speakers and wisest men. & sent them over see to king Philip of france and prayed him that he would send Louis his son in to England to be king of england & to underfeng the crown. ¶ How Louis the kings son of france come in to england with a strong power of pepull to be king of england: WHen king Ppilip of france herd this tiding he made certain alliance between them by their common election that Louis king Pphilipes son of france should go with them in to Englond & drive out king Iohn of the land and all that were in presence of Louis made unto him homage and become his men: ¶ And the barons of england held them still at london & abiden Louis the kings son of france. & this was the next saturday before the Ascension of our lord that Louis come in to england with a strong power & that time king Iohn had take all the castles of england in to aliens hands ¶ And though come Louis & be segid Rouchestres castle & took it with strength & the thursday in whitson w●ke lethonge all the aliens that were therein & the thursdai the next suing he come to London & there he was underfeng with mech honour of the lords that a biden him there & all to him made homage ¶ And afterward on the Tuesday next after the trinity sunday he took the castle of Reigate & in the morrow after the castle of Gilford & the friday next after the castle of Farneham & the monday next after the cite of wynchestre to him was yold & in the morrow after scent Iohn day the manner of woluesey and the tewisday after the utas of scent Petre & sent paul they took the castle of Odiham: and the monday after sent Margaretes day he ordend him toward Bawmore for to siege the castle and there he duelled xv. days & might not get the castle & than when the thence & come to london & the tour to him was yolde. ¶ How the pope send in to england a legate that wos called Swalo and of the death of king iohn. ANd in the same time the pope send in to england a legate that wos called Swalo and he wos priest Cardinal of rome for to maintain king johans' cause ayens the barons of england but the barons had so huge part and help through Louis the kings son of france. that king Iohn witted not whither for to turn ne gone. ¶ And so it befell that he would have gone to Nycholl and as he went thiderward he come by the abbey of swines heed & there he abode ij. days ¶ And as he sat at meet he axed a monk of the house how much a loaf was worth that wos set before him upon the table. And the monk said that the loaf was worth but and halfpenny. ¶ O quod the king though here is great cheap of breed. Now quoth the king & I may life such a loaf shall be worth xx. shilling or half a year be gone. ¶ And when he had said this word much he thought & oft he sighed & tok & eat of the bred & said by god the word that I have spoken it shall be sooth ¶ The monk that stood before the king was for this word full sorry in heart & thought rather he would himself suffer death. and thought if he might ordain theridamas fore some manner remedy. ¶ And anon the monk went to his abbot & wos shriven of him. & told the abbot all that the king had said· and prayed his abbot for to assoill him for he would yef the king such a drink that all england should be glad there of & joyful ¶ though went the monk in to a garden and found a great to de therein. & took her up & put her in a cup & prikked the toad through with a brooch money times till that the venom comen out of every side in the cup. & though took the cup & fillled it with good ale & brought it before the king & kneeling said. sir qd he wassale. for never the days of your life drank ye of so good a cup ¶ Begin monk qd the king: & the monk drank a great draft & took the king the cup: & the king also drank a great draft & set down the cup ¶ The monk anon right went in to the farmori & there died anon. on wh●● sole god have mercy amen. And v. monks sing for his soul specially & shall whiles the abbey standeth. ¶ The king a rose up anon full evil at ease. & command to remove the table & axed after the monk. & men told him that he wos deed for his womb was broke. in sunder ¶ When the king herd this he commanded to truss but all it wos for nought. for his belly began to swell so for the drink that he had drunken▪ & with in ij. days he died on the morrow after sent Luke's day. ¶ And this king Iohn had money fair child of his body begotten. that is to say Henri his son that wos king after his father: & Richard that was earl of cornwall and Isabella that was emprise of rome & Elinor that wos queen of scotland ¶ And this king iohn when he had reigned xiv. year and. v: monethis and v. days he died in the castle of Newarke & his body was buried at wynchestre. Anno domini. M.CC FRedericus the second was emperor xxxiij. year This man wos crowned of Honorius the pope ayens Otto that he should fight with him: the which he did & expulsid him: & frist he nurisshed the church. & after he spolid it. as a stepmother. wherefore Honorius cursed him & all that were contrari to his opinion the pope assoiled. & the same sentans Gregori the ix. renewid. and this same man put henri his own son in person & there morderid him▪ wherefore when this Emperor an other seson was seek by an other son of his own he wos mordered. in the time of Innocent the fourth. Honorius the thrie was popo after Innocent x. year and confirmed the order of Freris prechu●s & minors & made certam decretals· ¶ Of king Henri the third that wos crowned at Gloucestre ANd after this king Iohn reigned his son Henri and was crowned at Glocestre when that he was ix. year old on sent Symondes' day and Jude of Swalo the legate of rome through council of all the great lords that held with king johan his father that is to say the Earl Raudolfe of Chestre Willm earl Marchall earl of Penbroke willm the Brener earl of Feriers Serle the manle baron. & all other great lords of england held with Louis the king son of france ¶ And anon after when king Henri wos crowned Swalo the legate held his council at bristo at sent Martin's fest and there were xi. bishops of england and of wales & of other prelate's of holy church a great number & earls and barons and money knights of england and all though that were at that counsel swore fealty unto Henri the king that wos king johanes' sun ¶ And anon after the legate interdicted walis for encheason that they held with tha barons of Englund also all though that helped or gave any counsel to meve were again the new king Henri he a cursed hem. & at the beginning he put in the sentence the kings son of france Louis. ¶ And notheles the same Louis would not space for all that but went and took the castle of Barcamsted & also the castle of Herford. ¶ And from that day afterward the barons did there so much harm through out all england and principal the frenchmen that were come with king Louis wherefore the great lords & all the common pepull of england let them dress forto drive Louis and his company out of england but sum of the barons and of the frenchmen were gone to the cite of Nicholl and took the town & held it to king Louis profit ¶ But thither come king henris men with a great power that is to say the Earl Raudolfe of Chestre and willm earl Martial and willm the brener earl of Feriers and money other lordie with them and yefen battle unto Louis men And there wos slain the earl of Perches and Louis men were there foul discomfited. ¶ And there wos taken Serle earl of wynchestre & Humphrey de Bowne earl of Herford and Robert the son of walter and money other that began were aynes the king there they were take and lad unto king Henri that was king johaanes son. ¶ And when the tidings come to Louis of the discomfitur that was the kings son of france he removed from thence and went unto London and let shit the yates fast of the cite And anon after the king sent to the burgies of london that they should yield them unto him and the Cite also. and he would them grant all their fraunshiss that ever they were woned to have before and would confirm them by his great new chartre under his broad seal. ¶ And in the same time a great lord that was called Eustace the monk come out of France with a great company of lords & would have comen in to England for to have holped Louis the kings son of france. But Hubert of burgh and the v: portis with viij. ships tho met with them in thee high se and assailid them egreli & over come them with strength & smitten of Eustace the monks heed & took also x. great lords of france & put them in to prison. & killed almost all the men that come with them & anon drenched the ships in the see. ¶ How Louis turned again in to france & of the confirmation of king johanes chartre. WHen Louis herad this tidings he dread sore to be deed & lost and let ordoyne and speak between the king and Louis by the legate Swalo. and through the archbishop of canterburis & through other great lords that all the prisoners on that one half and that otheer should be delivered and gone quite. & Louis him self should have for his costages a. M. pound of silver: & should gone out of Englond & come never more therein again. ¶ And in this manner was the accord made between king henri & Louis. & though wos Louis assoiled of the Pope's legate that wos called Swalo of the sentence that he was in. & the barons of england also. ¶ And after this the king Henri & Swalo the legate & Louis went to Merton & theridamas wos the peace confirmed & bitwen them ordained. And after Louis went fro thence unto london & took his leave and was brought with much honour unto the see with the archbishop of cantorburi. and with other bishops. & also with earls and barons and so went Louis in to france: ¶ And afterward the king and the archbishop and earls & Barouns assembled them at London at Mihelmasse that next come though ●ewyng and held there a great parliament & there were tho renewid all the franchises that king Iohn had granted. at Romnemede & king henri tho confirmed by his chartre the which yet been holdein through out all england. And in that time the king took of every plough land ij. shilling And Hubert of Burgh was made tho chief justice of england ¶ And this wos in the iiij. year of king henris regne· & in th●●ame year was s●nt Th●m●s of Cant●rburi 〈…〉 after his ma●don ¶ And after it wos ordend by all the lords of england that all aliens should go out of england & come no more therein and king henri took tho all the castellis in to his hand that king Iohn his father had give and taken unto aliens for to keep that held with him ¶ But the proud Faukes of Brent richeli let array his Castle of Bedeford which he had of king Iohans yeft and he held that castle ayens king henris will with might and strength ¶ And the king come thither with a strong poer and besieged the castle And the archbishop master stephen of langton with a fair company of knights come to the king him for to help & fro the ascension unto the assumption of our lady lasted the siege And though was the castle won and take & the king let hung all though that were went in to the castle with their good well for to hold the castle that is for to say lxxx. men. ¶ And though afterward Faukes himself wos found in a church of coventry and there he forswore all england with much shame & went though again unto his own country ¶ And whiles that king Henri reigned Edmond of Abyndon that was treasurer of Salusburi wos consacred archbishop of Cantorburi ¶ And this king Henri send oversee unto the earl of province that he should send him his daughter in to england that wos called Elinore & he would spouse her and so she come in to england after Cristemasse and in the morrow after sent Hilary day. The archbishop Edmond spousid them together at westmynstre with much solemnity And there wos a sweet fight between them that is to say. Edward that was next king after his father flower of curtasi & of largesse. & Margaret that was afterquene of scotland. & Beatrice that was afterward Countess of Britan. & Katrin that died maid in relegion. ¶ Of the quinzeme of goods that were grantid for the new chartre & of the purveyance of Oxford▪ ANd thus it befell that the lords of england would haven some additions more in the chartre of franchises that they had off the king and spekyn thus between them and the king granted them all there asking and made to them ij. charters that on is called the great chartre of franchises & that other is called the chartre of forest and for the grant of thes ij. charters prelates Earls & barens & all the commons of england give to the king a. M mark of silver. when king Henri had been king xliij. year the same year he and his lords Earls & barons of the ream went to Oxunford & ordained a law in amendment off the Reamme. And first swore the king himself and afterward all the lords off the land. that they would hold that statute for ever more And who that them broke should be died But the second year after that ordinance. the king through council of sir Edward his son and of Richard his brother that was earl of cornwall and also of oder repented him of that oath that he had made for to hold that law and ordinance. & sent to the court of Rome to be assoiled of that oath ¶ And in that year next coming after wos the great dearth of corn in england. For a quarter of wheat wos worth xx iiij. shilling and the poer pepull eat nettylles & other wediss for great hunger. & died money a thousand for default of mete. ¶ And in the xlviij year of king Henry's reign began were and debate between him & his lords for encheason that he had broke the covenants that were made between them at Oxford. ¶ And in the same year was the town of Northampton taken & folk slain that were within for encheason that they had ordained wild fiere for to bren the cite of london ¶ And in the month of may that come next after upon scent Pancras day was the battle of Lewes that is to say the wedynisday before sent Dunston's day and there was take king Henri himself and sir Edward his son and Richord his brother earl of cornwall and money other lords ¶ And in the same year next sewing Sir Edward the kings son broke out of the ward of sir Symond of Mountforth earl of leicester at herford and went unto the Barons of the march and they undirfenge him with much honour ¶ And the same time Gilbert of Clarence earl of Gloucestre that was in the ward also of the foresaid Symond through the commandment of king Henri that went from him with great heart. For encheason that he said that the foresaid Gilbert was a fool in his counsel. wherefore he ordained him afterward so and held him with king Henri ¶ And on the saturday next after the mids of August. Sir Edward the kings son discomfited sir Symond de Mountfort at Kemlworth ¶ But the great lords that were there with him were taken that is to say Baldewyn wake. and willyam de Mounchensie and money other great lords And the twisday next after wos the battle done at Eusham and theridamas was killed Sir Symond de mounford Hugh the spenser. and Mounforth that was Ralph Bassettz father of Draiton and other money great lords ¶ And when this battle wos done all the gentlemen that had been with the Earl Symond were disherited. & ordained to gether & did much harm to all the land. For they destroyed there enemies in all that they might. ¶ Of the siege of Kemlworth & how the gentlemen were disherited through council of the lords of the ream of england and how they come again and had there landis. ANd the next year cunning in may. the fourth day before the fest of scent Dunstan was the battle and scomfiture at Chesterfeld of them that were disherited & there was money off them killed ¶ And Robert earl of Feriers there he was taken and also Baldewyn wake and Iohn delahay with much sorrow a scappid thence And on the sent iohens eve the Baptist though next sewing began the siege of the castle of Kemlworth & the siege last till sent Thamas eve the apostle in which day sir Hugh hasting had the castle for to kepe that yeldid up the castle unto the king in this manner that himself and that other that were with in the castle should have their lives & limb & as much thing as they had therein both horse and & harness &▪ iiij. days of respip for to deliver cleanly the castle of themself and of all other manner thing as they had with in the castle & so they went from the castle And sir Simonde the mounteforth the younger & the Countess his mother were fled over the see in to france & there held them as pepull that were exiled out of england for ever more ¶ And soon after it was ordained by the legate Octobone & by other great lords the wisest of england that all though that had been against the king & were disherited should have again there lands by grevous raunsuns after that it was ordained and thus they were accorded with the king and peace cried through out england & thus the were was endied ¶ And when this was done the legate took his leave of the king & of the queen & of all the great lardis of england & went tho to rome the lv. year of king Henris regne And Edward king johon son of Britan Iohn vessy Thomas of clare Roger of Clifford Oaths of Graunston Robert le Brus Iohn of verdom & money other lords of england and of by yond the see token their way toward the holy land & the king Henri died in the same time at westminster when he had be king lv. year & nineteen. wokis on sent Edmondis day the Erchebishop of Cantorburi. & he was entered at westminster on sent edmondes day the king. in the year of incarnation of our lord ihu christ. M.CC.lxxij. ¶ Profecie of Merlin of the king Henri the frist expouned that was King ●hohan son. ANd of this Henri profecied Merlin & said that a lomb should come out of wynchestre in the year of the Incarnation of our lord ihu christ. M: CC. and xvi. with true lippis & holiness written in his heart & he said sooth for the good Henri the king wos borne in wynchestre in the year above said & he spoke good words and sweet and wos an holy man & of good conscience. ¶ And Merlin said that this henri should make the fairest place of the world that in his time should not be fully ended ¶ And he said sooth for he made the new work of the abbey of scent Petris church at westminster that is fairer of sight then any other place that any men knaweth through out all cristyndom. but king henri died or that work were fully at an end & that wos great harm. ¶ And yet said Merlin that this Lamb should have peace the most time of his regne. And he said full sooth for he w●s never annoyed through were ne desesed in no manner wise till a little before his death. & Merlin said in his ꝓfecie more. & in the reign & end of the foresaid lamb a wolf of a strange land should do him much harm thorough his were: & that he should at the last been master through help of a reed fox that should come forth of the northwest and should him overcome And that he should drive him out of the water and that ꝓfecy full well was knawen. for within a little time or the king died Symond of Mounteford earl of leicester that was borne in fraunse began against him strong were through which doing money a good bachelor was shent & died & disherit. ¶ And when king Henri had the victori at Eusham & Symond the earl wos slain through help & might of Gilbert of Clare earl of Gloucestre that wos in keeping & ward of the foresaid Symond through ordinance of king Henri that went again unto the king with much power ¶ Wherefore the foresaid Symond wos shent and that wos great harm to the commynes of england that so good a man was shent for the troth and died in charity and for the commyns profit of the same folk and therefore almighty god for him hath sithence showed money a full fair myracull unto diverse men and women of the sickness & disease that they have had for the love of him. ¶ And Merlin also told and said in his propheci that after that time the Lamb should leave no while and than his seed should been in strange land with out any pasture ¶ And he said so the. for king Henri lived no while after when that Symond mounfort wos died that king Henri ne died anon after him: ¶ And in the meyn time Sir Edward his son that wos the best king of the world of honour wos tho in the holy land & got there Acres ¶ And in that cantre he begat on dame Elenour his wife johan of acres his doughtre that aftward was Countasse of Glocestre: And made such a voyage in the holy land. that all the world spoke of his knighthood. and every man dread him. high and low through out all cristyndom. as the stori of him telleth as afterward ye shall here more openli And from the time that king Henri died till that sir Edward wos crowned king. all the great lords of england were as fatherless children without any succour that then might mainten & govern & defend against there deadly emnies. GRegririus the ix. was pope after Honori. This man canonysit money saints. & defendit mighteli the church ayenes Frideric. therefore he took money prelates and ij. cardinalis the which went to counsel ayens him. This pope wos seged in the cite of Rome by the emperor. & he saw the romans were corruppid by the monay of the emperor. Then he took in his hands the hedes of the appostils Petur & Paul. and went with precession fro the church of scent Iohn latronens. to sent Peter's church. And so he got the hearts of the romans: and then though emperor went far a way fro the cite. This pope made frere jaymond to compill the .v. books of the decretals of money pistils & docreis·s And after with money tribulations of this tyrand and other: he deceased. and 〈…〉 Celestinus the iiij. was pope after Gregori almost a month and he was in his life and in his cunning laudabull And he was an old man & a febull & deceased. and there was no pope after him almost a xij months: Innocencius the iiij. was pope after him xi. year & sex months. This man canonysit money sentis & Frederik the emperor he deposed & cursed as a enemy to god & the church in the third year that he was made pope. & he was helped by the ianuencis. ¶ Then was henri the sex chosen & willm. by the Pope's commandment ayens Frederic on after an other. but they ꝓualid not to owercum his tyrannyde. for he was over mighti: ne thes were not crowned for they deceased anon. Thomas de aquino an holy doctor. Albartus magnus the bishop of Ratisponens Eustacius. Boneauentur a devote doctor were this time the which distruied much heresy enfeckid by the Emperor. Alexander was pope after Innocent seven. year & little of him is writyn Vrbanus was after him iij. year. & iij. months. This man drofe a way the host of the saracens by men merkid with the cros. thee which Maufred had send against the church. & the pope took the kingdom of Cicill to the kings brother of france. that he should fight with Maufrede. and then he deceased. and Manfrid after losten his life & his kingdom by Karolus. Alphonsus the king of castle Richardus brother to the king of England earl of cornwall were chosin emperors after the long vacation of the empire. for the chesers of the emperor were divided insondir and there wos great strife money year. at the last deceased Richard: & Alphonsus the other emperor con afore Gregori the ix. by the sign of peace & utterly renounsit all his titill of the empire. & he had any: for he wos a very witty man and a nobull astranomier. & his tabuls be very famous the which he made for they be compendiose. Clemens the iiij was pope after Urban iij· year & ix months this Clement wos an holy man and said through the spirit of ꝓphesis. that the enemies of the church should parych as the smoke. & it is to be levied that god ses●id the tribulations of the church through his meritis. this man afore had a wife & child. & when he was priest and after bishop he wos sent in to england legate & he nothing knawing wos' chosen pope and after dicessid blissidly for his vertuus living Gregori the x. was pope after him iiij. year. after he wos made pope for the desire that he had to the holy land the which he entendit to visit ꝑsonaly at loduum in france he made a solemn counsel. in the which the counsel of the greeks & the Tarturs were. & there the grekis ꝓmysit to be reformid by the unite of the church. And the Tarturs were but a little afore baptized & ꝓmysid the same. & there were gederid viC. bishops & a thousand prelates▪ And therefore a certam man said. Gregori gedirth together all kind of pepull. And there was decreid that all persons and vekeries should be called prestis & no prelates. And that no man should assign his tythis to what church him would as they did afore but they should be paid to his modir church. & he dampened the plurality of beneficis: and decesed a blessed man. Innocent the v. wos after him v. monethis and little did. Adrian was after him on month & did 'las. johannes the xxi. was after him viij. monethis & he was in diuse sciens a famus man. but in manners a fooill: and deceased anon. Nicholas the third was pope after Iohn on year. This ma was in his days a noble man in bilding. & well governed the cite all his days & the second year he deceased. Rodulphus was emperor xviij: year. this man wos earl of Hanesburgh a wise man in arms & nobull & victorius. & was chosin at Basilian. & he took the cross on him for the holy land. the imperial blessing he had not. but the pope a lowed the election for favour of the holy land. Anno domini. M.CC & lxxiiij. MArtin the iiij. was pope after Nicholas iiij yere· This man wos a great lover of religius men. & great attending to vertuus works This man cursed the emperor of constantinopolon. in so much as he promised to turn to the faith in the general counsel & did not for the which he suffered mich passions and all holy church. Also he cursed the king of Arragon for he expulsed the king of Cicill fro his kingdom & after he had done money battles ayens men of misbelieve & money tribulations suffered. he deceased & did money myracules·s Nicholas de Lira a nobull doctor of divinity wos this time at Paris. This man wos a Jew of nation. and he wos converted and myghteli ꝓfetid in the ordir of frere minors and he wrote over all the bybell. or else he wos in the year of our lord a thousand ccc & thirty: And some men says he wos a brabon & that his father & his mother were cristyn. but for poverty he viset the scoles of the jews: & so he learned the jews language. or else this Nocholas wos informid of the jews in his young age. Honorius the fourth wos pope after Martin ij: year and little of him his writtyn but that he was a tenꝑate man and a discreet Nicholaus the fourth was pope after him iiij. year This man wos a frere minor. and all though he wos a good man in himself: yet money unhappy things fell in his time to the church. for money a battle was in the cite through his occasion for he drew tomoch to the on part. And after him there was no pope two year and sex monethis. ¶ Of king Edward that wos king Henris son. ANd after this king Henri reigned Edward his son the worthiest knight of all the world of honour: For God's grace was in him. for he had the victory of his enemies ¶ And as soon as his father was deed he come to london with a fair company of prelatis and of earls and barons and all manner men did him much honour For in every place that sir Edward road in london the stretis were covered over his heed with rich clothes of silk of tapites and with rich covering. ¶ And for joy of his coming the nobull burgeiss of the cite cast out at their windows gold and silver hands full in tokyning of love and worship & servis & reverens. ¶ And out of the condith of cheap ran white wine & red as stremis doth of the water & every man drank thereof that would at there own will. ¶ And this king edward wos crowned & anointed as right hair of england with much honour. and after mass the king went in to his palas for to hold a rial fest a monges them that did him honour. ¶ And when he wos set unto mete. the king Alexander of scotland come for to done him honour and reverence with a quentize and an hundreth knights with him well horsed and arrayed. And when they were lighted down of their steeds they let them gone whither that they would & who that might take them took at there own will with out any challenge. ¶ And afterward come sir Edmond kind Edward's brother a curtas knight and a gentle of renown. and the earl of cornwall and the earl of Gloucestre. and after them come the earl of Penbroke. & the earl of Garenne: ¶ And each of them by their self lad in their hand an hundreth knights gayl● disguised in their arms: ¶ And when they were light of their horse they let them go whider that they would and who that might them cache them to have still with out any challenge ¶ And when all this wos done. King Edward did his diligence & his might for to a mend & redress the wrongs in the best manner that he might to the honour of god & holy church & to maintain his honour & to a mend the noyance of the common pepull ¶ How Ydeyne that was Lewelyns daughter of wales pnnce & aymer that was the earls brother of mounford were taken in the see. THe frist year afterward that king Edward was crowned Lewelin prince of wales sent in to france to the earl mounfort that through counsel of his friends the Earl should wed his daughter and the earl though a vised him upon this thing and sent unto Lewelyne and said that he would send after his daughter ¶ And so he sent Aymer his brother after the damosel and Lewelyn arrayed ships for his daughter and for sir aymer and for her fair company that should gone with her. ¶ And this lewelyn did great wrong for it was covenand that he should yef his daughter to no manner man with out council and consent of king edward ¶ And so it befell that a burgies of Bristol come in the see with wine laden and met them and took them with might and power. & anon the burgeiss sent them to the king. ¶ And when Lewelyn herd this tiding he was wonder wroth & also sorrowful & 'gan for to were upon king edward & did much harm unto the englishmen and bet down the kings castles and began fast for to destroy king Edwardis lands: ¶ And when tiding come unto king edward of this thing he went in to wales & so much he did through God's grace and his great power that he drofe Lewelyn unto much mischief that he fled all manner strength & come and yield him unto the king edward and give him l M: mark of silver to have peace & took the Damisell & all his heritage & made an obligation to king edward to come to his parliament ij times of the year ¶ And in the second year after that king edward wos crowned he held a general parliament at westmynstre & there he made the statutis for defaute of law by the conmune assent of all his baronage And at easter next sewing the king sent by his letter unto Lewelyn Prince of wales that he should come to his parliament for his land and for his holding in wales as the strength of the letter obligatorye witnessid. ¶ though Lewelin had scorn & despite of the kings commandment. and for poor wrath again began were upon king Edward and destroyed his lands ¶ And though when that king Edward herd of this tidings he waxed wonder wroth unto Lewelin & in haste assembled his pepull and went him toward wales and werid so upon Lewelin the prince till that he brought him in much sorrow and disease. ¶ And Lewelyn saw that his defence might him not a vale and come again & yield him to the kings grace· and cried him mercy and long time kneeled before the kings foot. ¶ The king had of him pit & commanded him for to arise. & for his meekness for give him his wroth & to him said. that if he trespassid again him an other time that he would destroy him for ever more. ¶ David that wos lewelins' brother that same time dwelled with the king edward and was a fell man & a sotill & envious and also far casting and much treason thought. & ever more held him still for to wit and aspi the kings will. & ever more made good sembland & semid so true that no man might perceive his falseness. ¶ How Lewelin through egging of David his brother werid again upon king edward. IT wos not long after that time that king Edward did yef to David Lewelins' brother the lordship of Frodeshan and made him a knight. And so much honour did he never after to no man of wales for encheason of him ¶ King edward held his parliament at london when he had done in wales all that he would and changid his monay that though wos fovyll cut and roundid. wherefore the romyn pepull plenyd them wonder sore. So that the king let inquire of them that such trespoces did. ¶ And ccc were atteynt●d of such moner falseness. wherefore some were hanged & some draw and afterward hanged. ¶ And afterward the king ordained that the sterling half pen and ferthing should gone through out his land and commanded that no man fro that day afteerward gave ne seffed house of religion with land tenement with out special leave of the king: & he that did should be punished at the kings will. & the yift should be for nought ¶ And it wos not long after that Lewelin Prince of wales through the ticement of David his brother and by both their consent they thought to disherit king Edward in as much as they might. so that through them both the kings peace wos broken. ¶ And when king edward herd this: anon he sent his barons in to Northumberland and the furreiss also that they should go & take their voyage uponn the traitor's Lewelin & David & wonder herd it was for to were tho. for it is winter in wales when in other cuntres is summer ¶ And Lewelin let ordain and well array & vitolle his good castle of Swandon & wos therein an huge number of pepull & plenty of vitales so that king edward wist not wherefore to enter ¶ And when the kings men it ꝑsaved & also the strength of wales they let come in the se barges and botes and great plankis as money as they might ordain and have for to gone to the foresaid castle of Swandom with men on foot & eke on horse ¶ But the walshmen had so much people & were so strong that they driven the englishmen again so that there was so much press of people at the turning again that the charge & the burden of them made the barges and botis to sink. ¶ And there wos drenched full money a good knight that is to say Sir Roger Clifford sir willm of lyndesey that wos sir Iohn son fitz Robert & sir Richard Tanny & an huge number of other & all wos through there own folly. for if they had had good espies they had not be harmed ¶ When king Edward herd tell that his pepull were so drenched he made sorrow enough ¶ But tho come sir johan of vessye from the king of Arragon and brought with him much pepull of bachilars and of gascoins & were soldiers and duelling with the foresaid johan of vessie & underfong of him wages & with him were withhold and nobull men they were for to fight and brent money towns & killed much pepull of walshmen all that they might take ¶ And all though with strength and might made assault unto the Castle of Swandon and get the castle ¶ And when David the prince brother herd this tiding he ordained him to flight. ¶ And Lewelin the prince saw that his brother was fled. Then he was sore abassed for he had no power to his were for to maintain ¶ And so Lewelin 'gan for to i'll and weaned well for to have scappid. But in a morrow sir Roger Mortemer met with him only with x. knights and set him round about & to him went & smoten of his heed & presentid it unto the king Edward ¶ And in this manner the prince of wales was taken & his heed smitten of & all his heirs disherited for ever more through rightful doom all the lands of the ream. ¶ How David that was Lewelins' brother prince of wales wos put to the death. David that was the Prince's brother of wales through pride weaned for to have been prince of wales after his brother's death ¶ And upon this he sent after walshmen to his parliament at Dinbigh & foolishly made walis for to arise against the king and began to move were against king Edward & did all the sorrow & disease that he might by his power ¶ When king Edward heard of this thing he ordained men to pursue upon him. And David fiercely him defended till that he come to the town of sent Morris & their wos David take as he fled. & lad to the king ¶ And the king commanded that he should be hanged & draw and smite of his heed & quartir him & send his heed to london & the iiij quartirs send to the iiij. chief tounes of wales. for they should take exampull thereof & beware. ¶ And afterward king Edward let cry his pes through out all walis & seized all the land in to his hand. and all the great lords that were left a live come to done feaute & homage to the king Edward. as to there kind lord. ¶ And though let king edward amend the lawis of walis that were defective. ¶ And after he sent to all the lords of wales by his letter patent. that they should come all to his parliament. & when they were comen the king said to them full courteously lordings ye be welcome. and me behoveth your council and your help for to wend in to Gascoyn for to amend the trespasses that me was dene when I wos there and for to entret of peace between the king of Arragon and the prince of Morrey. ¶ And all the kings liege men Earls and Barons consented and granted thereto: ¶ And though made him king edward ready & went in to Gascoyn and let amend all the trespasses that him wos done in gascoyn And of the debate that wos between the king of Arragon & the prince of Morrey he cesid & made them accorded. ¶ And while good king edward & the queen Elienore his wife were in gascoyn. The good earl of cornwall wos made warden of england till that king Edward come ayen· ¶ And though enquerid he of his traitors that congetten falseness against him. and each of them all underfeng there doom after that they had deserved. ¶ But in the mean time while that the good king edward was beyond the se to done them for to make amendis that against him had trepassid there was a false thief a traitor that wos called Risap Meridoc began for to make were ayens king Edward and that wos for encheason of Sir pain Tiptot wrongfully grieved and diseased the foresaid Risap Meridoc: ¶ And when king edward herd all this he sent by his letter to Risap meridoc that he should begin for to make no were but that he should be in peace for his love and when he come again in to england he would under take the quarrel and amend all that wos misdone ¶ This foresaid risap meridoc despisid the kings commandment & sparid not to do all the sorrow that he might to the kings men of england but anon after he wos take & lad to york and there he wos draw & hanged for his felony. ¶ Of the redressing that king edward made of his jostices & of his clerks that they had done for their falseness & how he drofe the jews out of england for their usury & misbelief. WHen king Edward had duelled iij. year in gascoyn will come to him for to wend again in to england and wen he wos cume again he fonden so money plaints made to him of his justices & of his clerks that had done so money wrongs & falseness that wonder it wos to here. ¶ And for which falseness Sir Thomas weylond the kings justice forswore england at the tour of lundom for falseness that men put upon him. whereof he wos attaint & proved falls. ¶ And anon after when the king had do his will of the justices. ¶ Thomas let he inquire & aspi how the jews desaved & beguiled his pepull through there sine of falseness & of usury & let ordain a prive parliament among his lords & they ordained among them that all the jews should void out of england for their misbelieve and also for there falls usury that they did until cristyn men ¶ And for to sped & to make an end of this thing all the communite of england gave unto the king the xv. penny of all their goodis mevabull. & so were the jews driven out of england ¶ And though went the jews in to france & there they dwelled through leave of king Philip that though wos king of france. ¶ How king Edward wos seized in all the land of scotland through consent & grant of all the lords of Scotland. IT was not long after that Alesander king of Scotlond was died and David the Earl of Huntindone that was the kings brother of Scotland axed and climbed the kyndom of Scotland after that his brother wos died for encheason that he was rightful heir But money great lords of Scotland saiden nay wherefore great debate arose between them and there friends for as much that they would not consent to his coronation & the mean time the foresaid David died ¶ And so it befell that the same david had iij. daughters that worthily were married. The frist daughter wos marid to Bailloll: the second to Brus & the third to Hasting· & the foresaid balliol & Brus challenged the land of scotland and great debate & strife arose between them iij. for encheason that ych of them would have been king. ¶ And when the lords of scotland saw the debate between them iij. They come to king Edward of england & seisid him in all the land of scotland as chief lord. ¶ And when the king wos seized of the foresaid lords of scotland. The foresaid balliol Brus & Hastynges come to the kings court and axed of the king which of them should be king of scotland. ¶ And king Edward that wos full gentle & true let inquire by the Croniclis of scotland & of the great lords of scotland which of them wos of the eldest blood. And it wos found that balliol wos the eldist And that the king of Scotland should hold of the king of england. & do him feaute & homage ¶ And after this wos done Bailloll went in to Scotland & there was crouned king of scotland. ¶ And the same time was upon the see great were between the englishmen & the Normans. but upon a time the normans arrived all at Dover & there they martyred an holy man that was called Thomas of Dover. And afterward were the normans killed that there ascappid not on of them. ¶ And soon after king edward should lose the duchy of Gascoyn through king Philip of france through his falls casting of the douseperis of the land. wherefore sir Edmond that wos king Edward's brother give up his homage unto the king of france. ¶ And in that time the clerks off england granted to king Edward halfendele of holy church gooddis in helping to recover his land again in Gascoyn ¶ And the king sent thither a nobull company of his bachelors & himself would have gone to Portesmouth. but he wos let through on Maddoc of wales that had seized the castle of Swandom in to his hand: & for that encheason the king turned to wales at cristemase. And for encheason that the nobull lords of england that were sent in to gascoyn had no comforth of their lord the king they were take of sir Charles of france that is to say sir Iohn of briton: sir robert Tiptot▪ sir Ralph tamny sir hugh Bardolf & sir Adam of Creting. & yet at the ascension was Madoke take in wales & an other that wos called Morgan: & they were sent to the tower of london & there they were heeded. ¶ How sir Iohn Bailloll king of scotland withsaid his homage ANd when sir Iohn balliol king of scotland understood that king Edward wos wered in Gascoyn to whom the ream of Scotland was delivered. Falsely though again his oath with said his homage through procuring of his folke· And sent unto the court of rome through a false suggestion to be assoiled of that oath that he swore unto the king of Englond. & so he was by letter enbulled. ¶ though chosen they of scotland Dousspers for to be nymme edward of his right: ¶ And in that time come ij. cardinals from the court of rome fro the pope Celestine to treat of accord between the kng of france & the king of england ¶ And as though two Cardinals speak of accord Thomas Turbeluill was take at Liouns & made fealty & homage to the warden of Paris & to him put his ij. sons in hostage. for that he thought to go in to england for till aspie the country & tell them when he come in to england that he had broken the kings prison of france by night & said that he would done that all englishmen & walshmmen should a bow to the king of france. & this thing for to bring to the end he swore. & upon this covenant dediss were made between them. and that he should have by year a. M· pounds worth of land to bring this thing to an end ¶ This falls traitor took his leave & went thence and come in to england unto the king & said that he wos broken out of prison & that he had put him in such peril for his love. wherefore the king could him much thank and full glad wos of his coming ¶ And the falls traitor fro that day espied all the doing of the king & also his counsel for the king loved him well & was with him full prive But a clerk of england that wos in the kings house of france herd of this treason & of the falseness & wrote to an other clerk that though wos duelling with edward king of england all how Thomas Turbeluill had done his false coniecting & all the council of england wos writ for to have sent unto the king of france. & through the foresaid letter that the clerk had sent fro france it wos found upon him wherefore he wos lad to london & hanged & draw there for his treason. and his ij. sons that he had put in france for hostage were tho beheaded: ¶ Of the counquest of berwick WHen though two Cardinals were went again in to France for to treat of the peace at Cambrey the king sent thither of his erlis and barouns. That is to say sir Edmond his brother earl of Lancastre and of leicester sir Henri Lacie earl of Nichol & Willm vessy a baron. and of other baronettis about xiv. of the best & wisest of england ¶ And in the same time the king Edward took his voyage to Scotland for to were upon Iohn Bailloll king of scotland. ¶ And sir Robert Roos of berwick fled fro the englishmen & went to the scots And king Edward went him toward berewike & besieged the town & tho that were within manly them defended and set a fire and brint ij. of king Edwardis ships and said in despite and reprove of him ¶ weeneth king edward with his long shankis to have get berewike all our unthankis Gas pikes him. And when he has done Gas dikes him. ¶ When king Edward herd this scorn anon through his mightiness he passed over the dikes & assailed the town & come to the yates and got and conquered the town. and through his gracious power killed xxv. thousand &. vijC. scots And king Edward lost no man of renown safe sir Richard of cornwall and him killed a Fleming out of the reed hall with a quarrel as the foresaid Richard did of his helm and commanded them for to yield them and put them to the kings grace and the scots would not. wherefore that hall was brent and castyn down and all though that were therein were brant ¶ And king Edward lost no more men at that voyage of simple estate but xxvij. englishmen And the warden of the castle give up the keys with out any assault ¶ And there wos take willm Douglas and Sir Symond Frisell & the earl Patrick yield them to the peace. but Inghm of Humsremille & Robert the Brus that were with the king Edward forsook king edward and held with the scots and afterward they were take and put in to prison and after that the king for give them their trespass and delivered them out of prison. ¶ And though let king edward close in Berwik with wallys & with dychis. & afterward Robert Rous went to Tindale and set wuyebrugge a fire & Exham & Lamerstok and killed and rob the folk of that country ¶ And after that he went from thence unto Dumbarre ¶ And the frist wedenesday of March the king sent the earl of Garenne Sir hugh Perci and sir hugh Spenser with a fair company for to besiege the castle ¶ But on that wos called sir Richard Syward a traitor and a falls man imagined for to beguile the englisshnen & sent to the englishmen them for to deceive And said that he would yield unto them the castle if they would grant them viij· days of respite. that he might send & tell to sir johan Bailoll that was king of Scotland how his men faired that were with in the castle & send him word but if he would remove the siege of the englisshmen·s that they would yield the castle unto the englishmen. ¶ The messenger though come unto sir johan bailoll that though wos the king of Scotland where that he was with his host and the messenger told him all the case. ¶ And sir johan took though his host & come in the morrow early toward the castle. ¶ And sir Richard Siward saw him cum that was master of the counsel & keeper of the castle & said unto the englissmen O qd he now I see a fare company & well appariled I will gone against them & with them to met & them assaill ¶ And sir hugh Spenser saw the falseness of him & the treason & said to him O traitor take & proved your falseness shall not a vale you. And hugh the spenser commandid anon for to bind him & in all haste went against there enemies and killed of the scots xxijM. For the scots had that time no man with them of honour save sir Patrick graham that manly fought & long & at the last he was killed. And though said the englishmen in reprove of the scots ¶ Thes scaterand scots hold I for sottiss of wrenches unware. Erli in a morning in an evil tyming went ye fro Dunbare. WHen though that were in the castle saw the scomfiture they yolden up the castle unto the englishmen and bound her bodies londis & castellis to the king Edward. & so they were take there in the castle iij. earls and seven. barons & xxviij. knights and xi. clerks & seven. Picardis & all were presentid to king Edward and he sent them unto the tour of london to be keeped theridamas ¶ How king edward of his great grace delivered ayeij the scotis out of prison that were chieftains of that land and they drew them to the frenchmen through counsel of willm waleis. WHen king edward had made though an end of the were and taken the chefetayns of scotland. though come sir Johan balliol and yield him unto king Edward and put him in his grace & he was lad to london. And when king Edward was comen thither. they were brought before him. and the king axed of them how they would make amendis of that trespass and loss that they had done him & they put them in his merci. ¶ Lordings qd the king I will not your landis ne your goodis. But I will that ye make to me an oath upon God's body to be true to me & never after this time against me bear arms. And all they consentid to the kings will & swore upon God's body. ¶ That is to say sir johan of Comyn & the earl of the strathorne the earl of Carrik & also. iiij bishops undertook for all the clarge & so the king delivered them & give them safe condithies to wend in to their own land. And it was not long afterward that they ne arisen again king Edward for encheason that they witted well that king Edwardis folk was take in Gascoigne as before is said but sir Iohn bailloill king of scotland witted well that his land should have sorrow and shame for their falseness & in haste went him over see to his own lands and there he held him and come never again wherefore the socts chosin unto their king willm waleis a ribald and an harlot cumen up of nought & much harm did to the englishmen. ¶ And king Edward thought how he might have deliverance of his pepull that were take in gascoyn. & in haste went him over see in to flanders for to were upon the king of france. And the earl of flanders underfeng him with much honour & granted him all his lands at his own will. ¶ And when the king of france herd tell that the king of england wos arrived in flanders & come with an huge power him for to distruye. he prayed him of truces for ij. year so that English marchantis & also french might safely go & come in both sidis ¶ The king Edward granted it so that he must have his men out of person that were in gascoyn & the king of france granted anon & so they were delivered ¶ And in the same time the scots sent by the bishop of scent Andrews in to france to the king & to sir Charles his brother that sir charles should come with his power & they of scotland would come with their power and so they should go in to england that land for to destroy from scotland unto they comen to kent. and the scots trastid much upon the frenchmen but of that thing they had no manner grant. ¶ And notheles the scots began to rob & kill in Northumberland & did much harm ¶ How willm waleis let slay sir Hugh of Cressingham and of the battle of fonkirke. WHen this tiding was comen te king Edward that willm waleis had ordained such a strong power and also that all scotland unto him was entendant and ready for to kill english men and to destroy the land: he was sore annoyed and sent annone by letter to the earl of Garren and to sir henri ꝑcy and to sir Willm Latomer and to sir Hugh of Cressingham his treasurer that they should take power and wend in to Northumberland & so forth in to scotland for to keep the cuntris'. ¶ And when william waleis herd of her coming he 'gan for to i'll and the englishmen him folewid and drefe him till he come to Strivelyn. & there he held him in the castle ¶ And the welshmen every day them escried and menaced. & did all the despite that they might: So that the englisshmen upon a time in a morning went out from the castle the maintenance of x. mile & passed over a bridge And willm waleis come with a strong power & drofe them a bake. for the englishmen had against him though no might but fled & they that might take the bridge ascappid. but sir Hugh the kings tresorour there was slain and money other also. wherefore wos made mich sorrow. ¶ though had king Edwar sped all his nediss in Flaundris and was again comen in to england. and in hast he took his way in to scotland and come thither at the Ascension tide: And all that he found he set a fire & brent ¶ But the poer pepull of scotland con to him wonder thyke & prayed him for God's love that he would on them have mercy & pit. ¶ Wherefore the king ●ho commanded that no man should do them harm that were yoldin to him ne to no man of ordir ner to no house of religion ne no manner church But let aspie all that he might where that he might find any of his enemies. ¶ Thomas come aspi unto the king and told him where the socts were assembled for to a bide battle. ¶ And on sent Mary Magdelene day the king come to fonkirke and gave battle to the scots: and at that battle were killed xxxiij. thousand scots. and of english men but xxviij. & no more of the which was a worthy knight slain that wos a knight an hospiteler that wos called Freri brian jay. ¶ For when willm wales fled from the battle. that same frere Brian him pursued fiercely & as his horse ran it start in to a myere of a maries up to the belly ¶ And willm walis turned tho again & there killed the foresaid Brian. & that was moche harm ¶ And that while king Edward went through scotland for to inquire if he might find any of his enemies And in that land he duelled as long as him liked. and there wos none enemy that durst him abide ¶ And soon afterward king Edward went to south hamton for he would not abide in scotland in winter season for esement of his pepull And when he come to london he let amend money misdediss that were done against his peace and his law while that he wos in flanders. ¶ Of the last mariege of king Edward and how he went the third time in to Scotland. ANd afterward it was ordained through the court of rome that king edward should wed dame Margaret that was king Philip sister of france and the archbishop Robert of wynchelse spoused them together through the which mariege there wos made pes between king Edward of england & king Philip of france. ¶ King edward went though the third time in to Scotland & though within the first year he had enfamined the land so that there left not on that he ne come to his mercy save though that were in the castle of Estrevelin that was well vetaled & astorid for seven. year. ¶ How the castle of estrevelin wos besieged. King Edward come with an huge power to the castle of estrevelin and besieged the castle. but it little a veiled for he might do the scots none harm For the castle wos so strong & well keeped ¶ And king edward saw that & thought him upon a queyntize & let make anon there two pair of high galews before the tower of the castle & made his oath that as money as were in the castle were he earl or baron & he were take with strength but if he would the rather him yold he should be hanged upon the galewis ¶ And when though that were within the castle herd this they come & yield them all to the kings grace & merci. And the king for give them all his maletalent ¶ And there were all the great lords of scotland swore to king edward that they should come to london to every parliament & should stand to his ordinance. ¶ How Troylebastonne wos first ordained. THe king Edward went thence to london and wenet for to have had rest & peace of his were in the which were he wos occupied xx. year That is to say in wales in Gascoyn and in Scotland And thught how he might recover his treasure that he had spendid about his were & let inquire through the ream of all the time that he had been out of his ream that men called Troillebaston And ordained there to justices & in this manner he recoveryed treasure with out number. ¶ And his encheason wos for he had thought for till have gone in to the holy land for to have werid vpon God's enmis For encheason that he was crossid long time before ¶ And never thelas that law that he had ordained did much good through all england to them that were mysbode For though that trespassid were well chastised and afterward the much more meeker & the better. & thee poer commyns were in rest & in peace ¶ And the same time king Edward prisoned his own son edward for encheason that Walter of langton bishop of Chestre that wos the kings tresorar had made upon him complain. & said that the foresaid edward thurghe counsel & ꝓcurment of on Pers of Ganaston a squire of gascoin had broken the parkis of the foresaid bisshapois: & this Pers councellid and lad this same edward. ¶ And for this cause king odward exiled his son out of england for ever more. ¶ Of the death of willm waleis the false traitor. ANd when this king Edward had his enemies over cumin in wales Gascoyn and in Scotland and destroyed his traitors all but only that ribald willm wales that never to the king would him yield and at the last in the town of scent Dominic in the year of king Edward's regne xxxiij. That falls traitor wos take & presentid to the king. but the king would not see him and sent him to london to underfenge his judgement & upon sent Bartholomes' eve he wos hanged and draw. & his heed smitten of & his bowelis take out of his body and brint. & his body quartired and sent unto iiij. of the best towns of scotlad. and his heed put upon a spear & set upon london bridge. in exampull that the scots should have in mind for to do amiss against their liege lord eftsoons. ¶ How the scots come to king edward for to amend their trespass that they had done ayens him. ANd at Mihelmasse though next coming king Edward held his parliament at westmynstre and thither come the scots that is to say the bishop of sent Andrew's Robert the Brus earl of Carik. Simond the Frisell johun the earl of Athell. & they were accorded with the king and bound and by oath swore that they afterward if any of them misbore them ayens king Edward that they should be disherited for ever more. ¶ And when there peace was thus made. They took there leave privily and went home unto their own country. ¶ How Robert the Brus challenged scotland ANd after this Robert the Brus earl of carik sent by his letter to the earls and barons of Scotland that they should come to him to Scone in the morrow after the conception of our lady. for hegh needs of the land. and the lords come at the day assigned. ¶ And the same day sir Robert the Brus said fair lords full well ye know that in my person duelled the right of the ream of scotland & as you wait well i am rightful heir sith that sir iohan Bailoll that wos our king us hath forsaken & left his land ¶ And though it so be that king Edward of england with wrongful power hath made me to him assent against my will if that ye will grant that I may be king of scotland I shall keep you ayens king edward of england & against all manner men and with that word the abbot of Scon arose up and before them all said that it was reason for to help him & the land ta keep and defend And though said in presence of them all that he would yef him a thousand pound for to maintain that land & all the other granted the land to him & with their power him for to help. & defied king edward of england & said that Robert the Brus▪ should be king of england. ¶ How sir Iohn of Comyn then said the crouning of sir Robert the Brus: lordings said sir Iohn of Comyn thinketh upon the truth and the oath that ye made unto king Edward of england and touching myself I will not break mine oath for no man and so he went from that company at that time: wherefore robert the Brus and all though that to him consentit were wonder wroth and though menaced sir Iohn of Comyn ¶ though ordained they an other council at Domfris to the which come the foresaid sir jahan Comyn. for he duelled but two mile from Domfris there that he was woned for to sodiorne and a bide. ¶ How sir Iohn was traitoursly killed. WHen Robert the brus witted that all the great lords of scotland were common to Scone safe sir iohn Comyn that sodiorned tho nigh Scone he sent after him specially that sir johan Comyn should come and speak with him and upon that he come & speak with him at the grey friars in Damfres' and that was the thursday after Candilmasday and sir Iohn granted him for to wend him with ¶ And when he had herd mass he took a sop & drank and afterward he bestrod his palfrey and road his way and so come to Domfres'. And robert the brus saw him come at a windaw as he was in his chambre. and though made joy enough and come ayens him and cooled him about the nec and made with him good semblant. ¶ And when all the earls and barons of scotland were present ther. ¶ Robert the Bruse spoke and said Sirs said he ye wots well the encheason of this coming and wherefore it is if ye will grant that I might be king of Scotland as right heir of the land· And all the lords that were there said with on vois that he should be crowned king of scotland and that they would him help and maintain against all manner men on live and for him if it were need for to die. ¶ The gentle knight though johan of Comyn answered and said Certis never for me ne for to have of me as much help as the vale of an boton. For that oath that I have made unto king Edward of england I shall hold while my lief will last. and with that word he went from the company & would have weaned upon his palfrey And Robert the Brus pursued him with a drawn sword and bore him through the body and sir johan Comyn fell down unto the earth But when Rogier that wos sir Iohn Comyns brother saw the falseness: he starit to sir robert the Brus and smote him with a knife but the false traitor was armed under so that the stroke might done him no harm And so much help come a bout sir robert the Brus. so that Rogier Comyn was there killed and all to hue in to peses. ¶ And robert the Brus turned again there that sir iohon Comyn the nobull baron lay wounded and pined toward his death by sides the high altar in the church of the grey friars and said unto sir johan Comyn O traitor thou shall be died and never after let mine a vauncement and shaken his sword at the high altar & smote him on the heed that the brain fell down upon the ground and the blood start an high upon the walls And yet unto this day is that blood seen there that no water may wash it a way & so died that nobull knight in holy church. ANd when this traitor robert the Brus saw that no man would let his coronation he commanded all them that were of power should come unto his crouning to saint johanes town in Scotland. ¶ And so it befell that upon our lady day of the Annuntion the bishop of Glaston and the bishop of scent Andrew's crowned for their king this Robert the Brus in sent iohanes town and made him king ¶ And anon after he drofe all the englishmen cut of scotland and they fled and come and plened them unto king Edward how that Robert the Brus had driven them out of the land and disherited them. ¶ How that king Edward dubbed at westmynstre xxiiij score knyghttiss. ANd when king edward hered of this mischief he swore that he should been a venged thereof. And said that all the traitors of Scotland should been hanged and draw and that they should never be ransomed. ¶ And king edward thought upon this falseness that the scots had to him done. and sent after all the bachelars of england that they should come to london at witsontide· & he dubbed at westmynstre xxiv. score knights ¶ Th● ordained him the nobull king edward for to wend in to scotland to were upon Robert the brus. & sent before him in to scotland sir Aymer the valance earl of penbruke & sir henri Percy baron with afair company that pursued the scotis & burnt tounes & castles. & afterward come the king him self with earls & barons a fair company. ¶ How Robert the Brus wos discomfited in battle & how Symond Frisell was slain. THe friday next before the Assumption of our lady king Edward met robert the Brus beside sent johanes' town in scotland and with his componye. of the which company king Edward killed vij thousand. ¶ When robert the brus saw this mischief he 'gan to i'll & hide him that no man might him found but sir Symond frisell pursued him sore. so that he turned again & a bode battle. for he wos a worthy knight & a bold of body. and the englisshmen pursued ever sore in every side and killed the stead that sir Symond frisell road upon. and they took him & lad him unto the host. ¶ And sir Symond began for to flatter & speak fair & said lords I shall yef you iiij: M▪ mark of silver and mine horse mine harness & all mine armure. and becum a beggar ¶ Thomas answered Theobaude of Pevenes that wos the kings archier. Now so god me help it is for nought that thou speaketh. for all the gold in england I would not let the go with out commandment of king Edward. ¶ And though wos he had unto king edward and the king would not see him but commanded to lead him a way to have his doom at London. ¶ And on our ladies eve nasute he wos hanged and drow dnd his heed smitten of and hanged again with chines of iron upon the gallows And his heed was set upon london bridge upon a spear: and against cristemasse the body wos burned. for encheason that the men that keeped the body by night they saw so money devils rampaand with great iron crokys running upon the gallows and orabuli tormented the body and money that them saw anon after they died for dread and some waxed mad or sore sickness they had. ¶ And in that battle was take the bishop of Baston & the bishop of sent Andrew's & the abbot of Sconne all armed with iron as men of arms as false traitors and falls prelatis ayens their oath & they were brought to the king & the king sent them unto the pope of rome that he should done with them what his will were. ¶ How john earl of Atheles wos taken & put to death. ANd at that battle fled sir johan earl of Atheles and went in to a church and there hid him for dread but he might have there no refute for enchesan that the church wos interdicted through a general sentence and in the same church he wos taken. ¶ And this sir johan went well to have scapped from the death for encheason that he claimed kynrad of king Edward And the king nold no longer betrayed of his traitors but sent him to london in haste & there he wos hanged & his heed smitten of & his body burnt all to assis but at the prayer of the queen Margaret for encheason that he claimed of king edwar kindred his drawing was forgive him. ¶ How Iohn that was willm waleis broder was put to death. WHen the greatest masters of Scotland were thus done to evil death and shendid for their falseness johan that wos willm waleis brother was take and done unto death as sir Iohn earl of Atheles wos. ¶ How Robert the Brus fled from scotland to Norway ANd at that same time was Robert the Brus much hated among the pepull of Scotland so that he wist not what he wos best for to done & for to hide him he went in to Norway to thee king that had spoused his sister & there held him succour for to have ¶ And robert the Brus might not be found in scotland. so king Edward tho let cry his peace through out all the land & his laws were used & his ministers served through out all the land. ¶ How king edward died. WHen king Edward had abated his enemies he turned again southward and a malady took him at Burgh upsand in the march of Scotland and he witted well that his death was full nigh: & called to him sir Henri the laci earl of Nicholl. sir Guy earl of werwik. sir Aymer valence earl of Penbroke. & sir robert of Clifford baron. & prayed them upon the faith that they him owed that they should make Edward of Carnarivan king of england as raathe as they might. & that they should nat suffer Pers of Ganaston come again in to England for to make his son to riot. & they granted him with good will. ¶ And the king took his sacrament of holy church as a good Christ man should. & died in very repentance. & when he had been king xxxv. year he died & wos buried at westminstre with much solemnity upon whose soul god have mercy. ¶ Of Merlin prophecies that were declared of king edward that wos king Henri reason. ANd of this king Edward ꝓphecied Merlin and called him a dragon the second of the vi. kings that should be for to regne in england. and said that he should be medeled with mercy and also with strength and sternness that should keep england from cold & heat: & that he should open his mouth toward wales & that he should set his foot in wyke. & that he should closen with walls that should do much harm to his seed ¶ And he said sooth for the good king Edward was meddled with mercy & with fierceness with honey ayens his enemies of wales & after of Scotland with fierceness when he put them to death for their falseness & tratori as they had deseruied it. ¶ And well keeped he england from cold & heat sith he keeped it from all manner enemies that run upon him to done him any wrong: ¶ And well he opined his mouth toward wales & made it quake through the hidour of his mouth when he conquered it through dint of swerde· for the prince Levelin & David his brother Ris & Morgan were put to death for their falseness & their folly. ¶ And he set his foot in to wike and conquered berewyke at the which conquest were slain xxv. thousand and seven. hundreth out take them that were burnt in the reed hall. ¶ And the walls that he let make shall be noyous unto his seed as men shall here after see in the lifee of Sir Edward of Camaravan his son. ¶ And yet said Merlin that he should make rivers ren in blood and with brain. & that seemed well in his weris there that he had the mastery. ¶ And yet Merlin said that there should come a pepull out of the north west during the reign of the foresaid dragon that should be lad by an ill grehound that should the dragon crown king that afterward should i'll over the see for dread of the dragon with out coming again. & that wos proved by sir johan Bailloll that king Edward made for to be king of Scotland that falsely arose against him and after he fled unto his own lands of france and never he come again in to Scotland for dread of king Edward ¶ And yet said Merlin that pepull that should lead the foresaid grehond should be fatherless until a certan time & he said sooth for the pepull of scotland greatly were diseased siith that sir Iohn bailloll their king fled from scotland. ¶ And yet said Merlin that the son should become in his time as read as any blood in tokening of great mortality of pepull & that was well knaw when the scots were slain. ¶ And sith said Merlin that ilk dragoij should nourish a fox that should move great were against him that should not in his time be ended: ¶ And that seemed well by Robert the Brus that king Edward nourished in his chambre that sithen stolen a way and moved great were against him which were wos not ended in his time ¶ And afterward Merlin told that this dragon should been hold the best body of all the world· and he said sooth for the good king Edward wos the worthiest knight of all the world in his time ¶ And yet said Merlin that the dragon should die in the march of an other land and that his land should be long without any good keeper & that men should weep for his death from the isle of shepei un to the isle of marcill. ¶ Wherefore alas should be their song among the common pepull fadetlas in the land wasted. ¶ And that profecie was know overall full well For the good king edward died at Burgh up sandis that is upon the march of scotland wherefore the englishmen were discomforted & sorrowed in northhumberland ¶ For encheason that king Edwardis son set by the scots no force for the riot of Peries of Ganaston wherefore Alas was the song through out all england for default of their good werdeyn. from the isle of shepey unto the isle of marcill the pepull made much sorrow for good king Edwardis death. ¶ For they weaned that good king edward should have gone in to the holy land for that was holy his purpose. upon whose soul god for his high grace have inci Anno domini. M.CC.lxxxiiij. CElestinus was pope after Nicholas v. monethis and nothynh nobull of him is written but that he wos a vertuus man. Bonefacius the eight was after him viij. year This Bonefaci wos a man in those things the which ꝑteneth to court for he was vere expert in such matters. And because he had no peer he put no mesurnesse to his prudens. And took so great pride upon him that he said he wos lord of all the world and money things he did with his might. the which failed wriechedly in the end he give a sampull to all prelatis. that they should not be proud. but under the form of a very schepard of god they should more study for to be loved of their subiectis then to be dread. This man is he of whom it is said. that he entered as a fox. he lived as a Lion and died as a dog. ¶ This time the year of grace was ordained from an hundreth year to an hundreth year. And the frist jubilee was in the year of our lord Ihu christ a. M.ccc Benedictus the xi. was after Boneface xi. monethis: This man wos an holy man of order of the frere prechours: & little wile lived but deceased anon. Adulphus wos emperor vi. year this man was the earl of anoxone. And wos not crowned by the pope for he wos slain in battle. Albertus was emperor after him x. year. This man wos the duke of Anstrie. and frist was reproved of the pope. and after wos confirmed by the same pope. for the male●● of the king of france the which wos an enemy unto the church. And to that Albert the same pope gave the kingdom of france. as he did other kingdoms: but it profettid not. for at the last he wos slain of his nevu: Clemens was pope after Benedictus almost ix. year And he was a great builder of castles and other things and he dampened the order of templaries and he ordained the seven: book of the decretalis: the which be called the questions off Clementyns: And anon after in a counsel the which he held at vienna. he revokid that same boke· the which his successari Iohn called again & incorporit it & pupplicit it. This Clement first of all Popes translatid the popis seat fro rome to the Auinnon· & whether it was done by the motion of god or the boldness of man. diverse men merueleth. johan the xxij. was pope after him xviij: year. This man was all glorious as for those things that were to be used through the active life. And he pupplishit the constituconis of the Clementines. and send them to all the universities. and money santis he canonized. & thes fat bisshopbriches he divided. & he ordained money things against the plurality of benefices and money heretics he dampened. but whether he wos saved or not our lord would not show to those he loved very well. Henri the vij was emperor after Albert v. year This Henri was a nobull man in were and he coveted to have peace by land and water. he wos a glorius man in battle. And never overcummyn with enemies. And at the last he wos poisoned of a frere when that he houselid him by resaving of the sacrament. ¶ Of king Edward that wos king Edwardis son. ANd after this king Edward reigned Edward his son that was borne in Carnarivan. and this Edward went him in to france and there he spoused Isabella the kings daughter of France the xxv. day of janiver at the church of our ladi at Boloyn in the year of our lord Jesus christ a. M.ccc.vij. And the xx. day of Fevyer the next year that come after he wos crowned solempli at westmynstre of the archbishop Robert of wynchelse and of the archbishop off Cantorburi. And there wos so great prece of pepull that sir iohan bakwell wos died and murdered: ¶ And anon as the good king Edward was died sir Edeward his son king of england sent after Pers of Ganastane in to Gascoyn and so much loved him that he called him his brother And anon after he give unto him the lordship of walyngforde and it wos not long after that he ne gave him the earldom of cornwall ayens all the lords will of the ream of england. ¶ And though brought he sir Walter of Langton bishop of Chestre in to prison in to the tower of london with two knaves alone him to serve. For the king was wroth with him for because that sir walter made complaint upon him to his father. wherefore he was put in to prison in the time of Troilebaston. ¶ And the foresaid Pers of Ganaston made so great masteries that he went in to the kings treasury in the abbey of westminster and took the table of gold with the tristyls of the same. & money other rich jewels that sum time were the nobull and good king Arthur's & took them to a marchand that was called Aymeri of Friscombaand. For he should bear them over see in to Gascoigne and so he went thence. and they come never again after. wherefore it wos a great lose unto this land. ¶ And when this Pers wos so richeli advanced he be come so proud and so stout. wherefore all the great lords of the ream had him in despite for his great bearing. wherefore sir Henri the laci earl of Nicholl. and sir Guy earl of warrewik the which good lords the good king Edward sir Edwardis father king of Englond charged that Peris of Ganaston should not come in to england for to bring his son Edward in to riot. ¶ And all the lords of Englond assembled them a certain day at the friars prechours at London and there they spekyn of the dishonour that king Edward did unto his ream and to his crown ¶ And so they assented all both earls and barons and all the commyns that the foresaid Pers of Ganastone should be exiled out of england for ever more and so it wos done for he forswore Englond and went in to ireland and there the king made him chivetayn and governor of the land by his commission and there this pers was chevetayne of all the land. and did there all that him liked and had power what he would and that time were the templars exiled through all cristinte for encheason that men put upon them that they should done things against the faith and good beleve· ¶ King Edward loved Pers of Ganastone so much that he might not forlet his componye and so much the king gave and behight to the pepull of england that the exiling of the foresaid peris should be revoked at stamford through them that him had exiled wherefore peers of ganaston come again in to england and when he was come again in to his land he despised the greatest lords of this land and called sir Robert of Clare earl of glocestre whoreson And the earl of Nicholl sir henri the Lacie brustynbely. and sir Guy earl of warwik the black hound of Arderne. & also he called the nobull earl and Thomas of Lancastre Churl and money oder scorns and shame them said and money other great lords of england ¶ Wherefore they were toward him full angri & wroth & right sore annoyed ¶ And in the same time died the earl of Nicholl but he charged or that he wos died Thomas of Lancastre earl that was his son in law that he should maintain his quarrel ayens this same Pers of Ganaston upon his blessing. ¶ And so it befell through help of the earl of Lancastre and also of the erll of werwic that the foresaid sir Pers wos headed at Gausich beside werwyk in the nineteen. day of june in the year of grace a. M.ccc. & twelve ¶ Wkrfor the king was sore annoyed & prayed god that he might see that day to be a venged upon the death of the foresaid Pers. ¶ And so it befell afteerward as ye shall here. Alas the time for the foresaid earl of Lancastre and money other great barons were put to pytuus death and martyred for encheason of the foresaid quarrel ¶ The king wos tho at london and held a parliament and ordained the laws of sir Symond Mounford wherefore the earl of Lancastre and the earls and all clerge of england made an oath through counsel of Robert of wynchelse for to maintain though ordinances for ever more. ¶ How Robert the Brus come again in to scotland & gathered a great power of men for to were upon king Edward. ANd when sir Robert the Brus that made him king of scotland that before wos fled in to Norway for dread of death off the good king Edward and also he herid of the debate that though was in england between the king and his lords he ordained an host & come in to england in to Northumberland & cleyn destroyed the country. ¶ And when king Edward herd this tiding he let assembull his host and met the scots at edstrevelin in the day of nativity of sent Iohn baptist in the iij: year of his regne. & in the year of our lord Ihu christ a. M.CCC. & xiv. Alas the sorrow & loss that there wos done ¶ For there wos slain thee very nobull earl Gilbert of Clare sir Robert of Clifford baroun· & their king Edward was scomfited: and edmond of maul the kings stewerd for dread went and drenched himself in a fresh river that is called Bannokesborne. wherefore they said in reprove & despite of king Edward for as much as he loved to gone by water. & also for he wos discomfited at bannokesborne. Therefore the maidens made a song thereof in that country of king edward of england & in this manner they song. ¶ maidens of england sore may ye morn. for tight have lost your lemans at bannokesborne. with hevelogh. what weeneth the king of England to have gotten scotland. with rombilogh· WHen king Edward discomfited was. wondir sore and fast he fled with his folk that was left on live and went unto Berewik and theridamas held him. And after he took hostages that is to say ij. child of the richest of the town and the king wenten to lundon & took counsel of things that were needful unto thee ream of england ¶ And in the same time it befell that though was in england a ribaude that was called johan Tanner: and he went & said that he wos the good king edwardis son and let him call edward of Carnarivan and therefore he wos take at Oxford: and there he chalanged the frere Carmes' church that king Edwarad had yefen them. the which church sum time was the kings hall. ¶ And afterward was this Iohn lad unto Northmnton and draw and hanged for his falseness: and or that he was deed he confessed and said before all though that their war. That the devil behight him that he should be king of england and that he had served the devil three year. ¶ How the town of Berewyc wos taken through treason & how ij. Cardinals were robbed in england ANd in mydlentyn sunday in the year of our lord Ihu christ a. M.CCC.xvi. Berewyc was lost through falls treason of on Pers of Spalding the which per the king had put there for to keep that same town with money burgeiss of the same town: ¶ wherefore the children that were put in hostage through the burgeiss of Berewyk followed the kings marchalsie moni days fetered in strong yrans'. ¶ And after that time there come ij. Cardinals in to england as the pope had them sent for to make peace bitwen england & scotland. ¶ And as they went toward Doram for to have sacred mastyr Louis of Beaumond bishop of Doram and as they went they were taken & robbed upon the more of wynglesdom of which robbery sir Gilbert of Middelton wos attaint & take and hanged & draw at london. & his heed smitten of and set upon a spear and set upon new gate. & the iiij. quartres sent to iiij cities of england ¶ And that same time befell money mischiefs in england for the poer pepull died in england for hunger & so much & so fast died that uneath men might them berry for a quart of wheat wos worth xl. shilling and ij. year & an half a quarter wheat was worth ·x. mark. And oft times the poer pepull stole children & eat them. & eat also all the houndis that they might take & also horse & cattis And after theridamas fell a great moreyn among bestis in diverse cuntres of england during king Edwardis life's time. ¶ How the scots robbed Northumberland. ANd in the same time come the scots again in to Englond and destroyed Northumberland and burnt that land & robbed it. and killed men and women and children that didly in their cradeles. and burnt also holy church and destroyed cristyndom and took and bore Englisshmen goods as they had be saracens or paynims and of the wikkidnesse that they did all the world spaken through all cristyndome. ¶ How the scots would not a mend their trespass. & therefore scotland wos interdicted. ANd when pope johaij the xxij. after sent Petre herd of the great sorrow and mischief that the scots wrought he wos wonder sori that cristindom was so destroyed through the Scotts. & namely they distruyed so holy church wherefore the pope sent a general sentence under his bulls of lead unto the archbishop of Canterbury and to the archbishop of york. that if Robert the brus of scotland would not be justified and make a mends unto the king of england Edward their lord and make amendis of his loss and of his harms that they had done in england and also to restore the goods that they had taken of holy church that the sentence should be prenounced through out all england. ¶ And when the scots herd this they would not leave their malece for the Pope's commandment. ¶ Wherefore robert the Brus james Douglas and Thomas Raudulfe earl of Moref and all though that with them communed or them help in word or deed were cursed in every church through out all england every day at mass three times and no mass should be song in holy church through out all scotland but if the scots would make restitution of the harms that they had made unto holy church wherefore money a good priest and holy men therefore were slain through the ream of scotland for encheason that they would not sing no mass ayens the pope's commandment & against his will & to done & fulfil the tyrants will: ¶ How sir Hugh the spensers' son wos made the kings chamberlain and of the battle of Mitone ANd it was not long afterward that the king ne ordained a parliament at york and there was sir hugh the spencers son made chambrelayn and the meyn time while the were lasted the king went again in to scotland that it was wonder for to wit and besieged the town of Berewik but the scots went over the water of Solewath that wos iij. mile from the kings host & privily they steel a way by night and come in to Englond & rob & destroyed all that they might & sparid no manner thing till that they come unto york ¶ And when the englishmen that were left at home herd this tiding all though that might travel as well monks and priests & friars & canons & seculars come & met with the scotis at Miton upswale the xij. day of October ¶ Alas that sorrow for the english husbondmen that could no thing of the were that there were killed and drenched in an arm of the see. And there chiefteynes sir willm of Melton archbishop of york and the abbot of Selby with their steeds fled and come to york. and that was there own folly that they had that mischance for they passed the water of small and the scots set a fire the stakkis of hay & the smoke there of was so huge that the englissmen might not see the scots. ¶ And when the englismen were gone over the water though come thee Scotts with there wing in manner of a shield and come toward the englishmen in a ray & the englishmen fled for uneath they had any men of arms. for the king had them almost lost at thee siege of Berewyk. and the scots hobilers went bitwix the brige & the englismen. ¶ And when the great host them met the englishmen fled between the hobilers & the great host. and the englishmen almost were there killed ¶ And he that might wend over the water was saved 'bout money were drenchid ¶ Alas for there wos slain money men of religion & seculars & prestis & clerks & with much sorrow the erchebisshep ascapid. & therefore that scots called the battle the white bateill ¶ How king edward did all manner thing that sir hugh spenser would ANd when king edward herd this tiding he removed his siege from Berewik and come again to england. but sir hug the spenser the son that wos the kings chambrelayn keeped so the kings chamber that no man might speak with the king ¶ but he had made with him a fret for to done all his need & that over mesur: ¶ And this hugh bore him so stout that all men had of him scoornne & despite. And the king him self would not be governed ne ruled by no manner man but only by his father & by him. & if any knight of england had woddis manners or lords that they would covet: anon the king must yef it them. or else the man that ought it should be falsely indited of forfeit or felony. And through such doing they desherited money a good bachelor & so much land gotten that it was wonder·s ¶ And when the lords of england saw the great covetise & the fassenesse of sir hugh the spenser the father & of sir hugh the son they come to the gentle earl of Lancastre. and axed him of concell of the disease that wos in the ream through sir hugh the spenser & his son. And in haste by one assent they made a pew assembull at shirborne in Elmede. & they made there an oath for to break and destroble the doing between the king & sir hugh spenser & his son upon their power. ¶ And they went in to the march of wales & destroyed the land of the foresaid sir hughes. ¶ How sir hugh Spenser & his father were exiled out of englod. WHen king edward saw the great harm and destruction that the barons of Englond did unto sir hugh the spensers' land and to his sons in every place that they come upon. ¶ And the king though through his counsel exiled sir Iohn monbray sir roger Clifford and sir Gosselin davill. and money other lords that were to them consent wherefore the barons did tho more harm than they diden before. ¶ And when the king saw that the barons would not sese of their cruelty the king wos sore adread lest they would destroy him and his ream for his meyntenance but if that he ascented to them. ¶ And so he sent for them by letters that they should come to london to his parliament at a certan day as in his letters wos contened ¶ And they come with iij. battles well armed at all points and every battle had cote armours of green cloth & there of the right quart wos yellow with whit bendis. wherefore that that parliament wos called the parliament of the white bend. And in that company was sir umfrcey of Boh●ne earl of herford and sir Roger of Clifford sir Iohn Mombray sir Gecelin davill sir Roger Mortimer uncull of sir Roger Mortimer of wigmore sir henri of Trais sir johan Giffard and sir Bartholomew of badeles more that wos the kings steward that the king had sent to shirborne in elmede to the earl of Lancastre and to all that with him were for to tret of accord that him allied to the barons and come with that company ¶ And sir roger Dammorie & sir hugh Dandale that had spoused the kings neces sister and sir Gyllebert of Clare earl of Glocestre that wos killed in scotland as before is said ¶ And though ij: lords had tho two parties of the earldom of glocestre & sir hugh the spenser the son had the third part in his wife's half the iij. sister & though ij. lords went to the barons with all their power ayens sir hugh their brother in law and so there come with them sir Roger of Clifford sir Iohn Mombrey sir Goselin davill sir roger Mortimer of work sir roger mortimei of wigmore his nepheu sir Henri Trais sir Iohn Giffrad sir Bartholemew of badelsmore. with all their company and money oder that to them were consent all the great lords comen unto westmynstre to the kings parliament and so they spoken and did that both sir huge Spenser the father and also the son were outlawed of Englond for ever more ¶ And so sir hugh the father went unto Dover and made much sorrow and fell down upon the ground by the see bank acroes with his arms and sore weeping said Now fair england & good england to all mighty god I the betake and thrice cussid the ground and weaned never for to have comen again and weeping full sore cursed the time that ever he begat sir Hugh his son. And said for him he had lost all england and though in presence of them all that were about him he give him his curse and went over the see to his lands ¶ But hugh the son would not gone out of england but held him in the see. & he and his company rob two Dromondis beside Sandewich and took and bore away all the goodis that was on them the value of xl. M. pound: ¶ How the king exiled earl Thomas of Lancastre & all that held with him and how the Mortimer come yield him to the king. and of the lords. HIt wos not long after that the king ne made sir Hugh spenser the father and sir hugh the son come again in to England against the lords will of the ream. ¶ And soon after the king with a strong power come and besieged the castle of Ledes. & in the castle was the lady of Badelesmore for encheason that she would not grant that castle to queen Isabella king Edwardis wife. ¶ But the principal cause was for encheason that sir Bartholomew badelesmere was against the king & held with the lords of england. & notheles the king by help & succour of men of london & also of help of southerens men got the castle maugre of them all that were therein & took with them all that they might find. ¶ And when the barons of England herd this tiding sir Rogere Mortimer and other money lords took the town of burggeworth with strength wherefore the king was wonder wroth & let outlaw thomas of Lancastre & umfra de Bohoune earl of herford & all tho that were assentant to the same quarrel ¶ And the king assembled an huge host & come against the lords of england wherefore the Mortimers put them in the kings mercy & his grace & anon they were sent to the tour of london & there kept in prison. ¶ And when the barons herd this thing they comen to Pountfret there that the earl Thomas sodiourned & told him how that Mortimers both had yield them to the king & put them in his grace. ¶ Of the siege of Tykhill. WHen Thomas earl of Lancastre herd this. they were wonder wroth and all that were of his company. & greatly they were discomfited and ordained their power together & besieged thee castle of Tykhill. but though that were within so manly defendid hem that the barons might not get the castle. & when the king herd that his castle was besieged he swore by god & by his names that the siege should be removed and assemaled an huge power of pepull & went thiderward to rescue the castle & his power encresid from day to day ¶ When the earl of Lancastre & the earl of Herford & the barons of their company herd of this thing they assembled all their power & went them to Burton upon Trent & kept the bridge that the king should not pass over. ¶ But it befell so on the x. day of march in the year of grace. M.ccc. & xxi· The king & the spenser sir Aymer valance earl of Pembroke & Iohn earl of Arundall & her power went over the water & discomfited the earl Thomas & his company and they fled to the castle of Tutberi and from thence they went unto Pountfret ¶ And in that voyage died sir Roger Danmore in the abbey of tutberi ¶ And in that same time the Earl Thomas had a traitor with him that wos called Robert of Holland a knight that the earl had brought up of nought & had nourished him in his botelerie & had give him a thousand mark of land by year. & so much the earl loved him that he might do in the earls court all thing that him liked both among high & law and so quenteli though these bore him against his lord that he tristed more upon him than he did upon any man a live. ¶ And the earl had ordained by his letters for to wend in to the earldom of Lancastre to make men arise to help him that voyage that is to say v. C: men of arms ¶ But the falls traytur come not there no manner men for to warn ne for to make arise to help his lord ¶ And when that the falls traitor hard tell that his lord was discomfited at burt●n upon trent as a falls traitor thief stole a way and rob in Ravensdele his lords men that come from the scomfiture. and took of them horse and harness and all that they had & killed of them all that he might take & come & yield him to the king ¶ When the good earl Thomas witted that he wos so betrayed he wos sore abashed & said to him self O all mighty god how might Robert Holland find in his heart me to betray sithence that I have loved him so much O god well may naw a man see by him that no man may deceive an oder rather than he that he trustis most upon. he hath full evil yield me my goodness and the worship that I have to him done and through my kindness have him a vaunced and made high where that he wos low: And he maketh me go from high unto l●w but yet shall he die an evil death. ¶ Of the scomfiture of burbrug. THe good Earl Thomas of Lancastre Humphrey de bohounes Earl of Herford and the barons that with hem were token council between them at the frere prechours in Pountfret though thought Tomas upon the traitorie of robert Holland and seied in reprove. Alas holland had me betrayed. ay is the reed of some evil shreed. and by the common assent they should all wend to the castle of Dunstanburgh the which pertained to the earldom of Lancastre & that they should abide there till that the king had foryef them there maletalent. ¶ But when the good earl Thomas this herd he answered in this manner and said. lords quod he if we gone toward the north the northern men will say that we go toward the scots & so we shall be holden traitors. for cause of distance that is between king edward & Robert the brus that made him king of scotland. and ther fore I say as touching myself that I will not go no ferther in to the north than to mine own castle of Pounfret ¶ And when sir roger Clifford herd this he arose up anon in wroth and drew his sword on high & swore by almighty god and by his holy names but if that he would go with them he should him slay ther. ¶ The nobull and gentle earl Thomas of Lancastre was sore adread. & said fair sirs I will gone with you whither so ever ye me bid. ¶ though went they to gedres in to the north & with them they had seven. C. men of arms and come to burbrug ¶ And when sir Andrew of herkela that was in the north country through ordinance of the king for to keep the country of scotland herd tell how that Thomas of lancastre wos discomfited and his conpanye at Burton upon trent he ordained him a strong power and sir Symond ward also. that was tho sheriff of york and met the baronnes at burbrug and anon they break the brugge that wos made of tree ¶ And when sir thomas of Lancastre heard that sir Andrew of herkela had brought with him such a power he was sore a dread and sent for sir andrew of herkela and with him spake· and said to him in this manner. ¶ Sir andrew quoth he ye mow well understand how that our lord the king is lad and misgoverned by much falls council through sir hugh the Spenser the father and sir hugh his son. and sir Iohn earl of Arundel and through master Robert Baldoke a falls piled clerk that now is in the kings court duelling. Wherefore I pray you that ye would come with us with all the power that ye have ordained and help to distro the venom of England and the traitors that been therein and we will give unto you all the best part of .v. erledoms that we have and holdeth: and we will make unto you an oath that we will never done thing with out your council and so ye shall been eft as well with us as ever wos Robert of Holland. ¶ though answered sir Andrew of herkela and said sir Thomas that would not I done ne consent there to for no manner thing ye might me yeffe without the will and commandment of our lore the king for than should I be holden a traitor for ever more. ¶ And when that the nobull earl Thomas of Lancastre saw that he would not consent unto him for no manner thing. sir Androw he said will ye not consent for to destroy the venom of the ream as we be consent now at one word sir Androw I tell the that or this year be gone that ye shall be take and hold for a traitor and more than any of you hold us now and in worse death ye shall die than ever did any knight of Englond And understand well that ye did never thing that sorer ye shall you repent. and now goth & doth what you good liketh And I will put me in to the mercy of god ¶ And so went the false traitor tyrant and as a falls for sworin maij. for through the noble Earl Thomas of Lancastre he underfeng the arms of chivalri and through him he wos made a knight ¶ Thomas might men see archeris draw them in that one side and in that other. and knights also and fought tho to gedre wonder sore and also among other sir Humphrey de Boughon Earl of herford a worthy knight of renown through all cristyndome stood & fought with his enemies upon the bruge and as the nobull lord stood and fought upon the brugge a thief a ribaude skulked under the brugge & fiercely with a spear smote the nobull knight in to the fundament so that his bovell is comen out a bout his feet ther. ¶ Alas for sorrow for theridamas was slain the flower of solace & of comforth and also of courtesy. ¶ And sir Roger of Clifford a nobull knight stood ever and fought & well & worthily him defended as a nobull baron. But at the last he was sore wounded in his heed & sir willm of Sullay and sir Roger of bernefeld were slain at that battle ¶ When sir Androw of herkela saw that sir Thomas men of lancastre lassed and slaked anon he and his company comen unto the gentle knight sir Thomas of Lancastre & said unto him in high yield the tratoure yield the. ¶ The gentle Earl ansuerid tho and said. Nay lords trators be we none and to you will we never us yield while that our lives last but liefer we have to be slain in our truth than yield us unto you: ¶ And sir Androw again guard upon sir Thomas componi yolling as a wode wolf & said yield you traitors taken yield you. And said with an high voice beth war sires that none of you be so hardy upon life and limb to misdone Thomas body of Lancastre ¶ And with that word the good Earl Thomas went in to the chapel & said kneeling upon his knees & turned his visage towards the cross and said almighty god to the I me yield & holli I put me unto thy merci. And with that the vileyns and ribaudes leped a bout him on every side as tirantis & wooed tormentors and dispolid him of his armurie and clothed him in a rob of rey that was of his squires liveira and forth lad him unto york by water. ¶ Thomas might men see much sorrow & care. for thee gentle knights fled in every side & the ribaudis & the vileyns egreli them descried and gried an high yield you traitors yield you. ¶ And when they were yoleden they were rob & bound as thefues Alas the shame and despite that the gentle ordir of knighthood there had at that battle and the land was tho with out law: for holy church though had no more reverence than it had been a brothel house and in that battle was the father ayens the son. and the uncle ayens his nepheu For so much unkyn denes was never sayne before in england as wos that time among folk of one nation. ¶ For on kynrad had no more pit of that other than an hungri wolf hath of a sheep and it wos no wonder ¶ For the great lords of england were not all of one nation but were meddled with other nations that is for to say some Bretans some Saxons some Danys some Pehites some frenchmen some Normans some Spanyardis some Romans some Henaudes some Fleming and other diverse nations the which nations accordid not to the kind blood of england And if so great lords had bene onli weddid to english pepull than should peace have been and rest amongs them with out any envy. ¶ And at that battle was roger Clifford take sir Iohn monbray sir willm Tuchit sir willm Fitz willm & money other worthy knights there were take at that battle And sir hugh Dandell the next day after was taken & put in to prison and should have be done to death if he had not spoused the kings niece that was earl Gilbertis sister of Glocestre ¶ And anon after wos sir Bartholomew of badelsmere taken at stowe paarke a manner of the bishops of Lyncolne that was his nepheu. & money other barons & baner●ttz wherefore wos made much sorrow. ¶ How Thomas of Lancastre wos heeded at poun●fret & .v. barons hanged and drawn ther. ANd now I shall tell you of the nobull earl Thomas of Lancastre. when he wos taken and brought to york money of the Cite were full glad. and upon him cried with an high voice O sir traitor ye ere welcome blessed be god. for now shall ye have the reward that long time ye have deserved. & cast upon him money snow balls and money other reproves they did him. but the gentle earl all suffered & said neither on word ne other: ¶ And in the same time the king herd of this same scomfiture and wos full glad & in haste come to Pountfret & sir hugh spenser & sir hugh his son & sir Iohn earl of Arundel. & sir Edmond of woodstock the kings brother earl of Kent: and sir Aymer of valance earl of Penbroke and master Robert Baldoke a falls piled clerk that was prive & dwelled in the kings court. & all come thither with the king. and the king entered in to the castle ¶ And sir Andrew of Herkela a falls tyrant through the kings commandment took with him the gentle earl Thomas to Pountfret. & there he was prisoned in his own castle that he had new made that stood again the abbey of king Edward. ¶ And sir hugh the spenser the father & his son cast & thought how & in what manner the good earl Thomas of Lancastre should be deed with out any judgement of his peries ¶ Wherefore it was ordained through the kings justices that the king should put upon him points of treason. ¶ And so it befell that he was led to bar before the kings justis barehed as a thief in a fair hall in his own castle that he had made there in money a fair fest both to rich and to poor. ¶ And thes were his justises sir Hugh spenser the father. & Aymer of valance earl of peenbroke. sir Edmond of woodstock earl of kent. sir Iohn of Bretan earl of Richemond & sir Robert of Malemethrop justice. & sir roberte him a coulpid in this manner. ¶ Thomas at the frist. our lord the king & this court excludeth you of all manner ansuere. ¶ Thomas our lord the king putteth upon you that ye have in his land ridden with banner displayed ayens his pes as a tratoure And with that word the gentle earl Thomas with an high voice said nay lords forsooth & by sent Thomas I was never traitor ¶ The justice said again tho. ¶ Thomas our lord the king putteth upon you that ye have rob his folk and murdered his pepull as a thief. ¶ Thomas also the king put upon you that he discomfited you and your pepull with his folkd in his own ream. wherefore ye went and fled to the wood as an outlaw. ¶ And also ye were taken as an outlaw. ¶ And Thomas as a traitor ye shall be hanged by reason. but the king hath for yef you that jews for love of queen Isabella ¶ And thomas reason would also that ye should be hanged but the king hath for yef you that jews for cause and love of your lineage ¶ But Thomas For as much as ye were take fleeing & as an outlaw the king will that your heed shall be smite of as ye have well deserved Anon doth him out of prece and anon bring him to his judgement. ¶ The gentle knight Thomas had herd all thes words with an high voice he cried sore weeping and said alas scent thomas fair father Alas shall I be deed thus ¶ Grant me now blissidfoll god answer: but all a vailled him nothing: For the cursed gascoins put him hither & thedder and on him cried with an high voice O king Arthur most dreadful well knawen is now thine open traitorie an evil death shalt thou die has thou hast it well diseruyed ¶ And though they set upon his heed in scorn an hold chapelet that wos all to rend that wos not worth an half pen. ¶ And after that they set him upon a leave white palfra full unseemly and eke all bare and with an hold bridle and with an horribul noise they drove him out of the Castle toward his death and they cast upon him money balls of snow in disspite ¶ And as the traitoris lad him out of the Castle though said he this piteous words and his hands held up on height toward the heaven: Now the king of heaven yef us mercy. for the earthly king hath us forsake. And a frere preacher wenten with him out of the castle till that he come to the place that he ended his life unto whom he shrofe him all his life ¶ And the gentle earl held the frere wonder fast by the clothes and said to him fair father abide with us till that I be deed. for my flesh quaketh for dread of death. ¶ And the sooth for to say the gentle earl set him upon his knees and turned him toward the est. but a ribald that was called Higone of Moston set hand upon the gentle earl and said in despite of him. Sir traitor turn the toward the scots thy soul deed to underfeng. and turned him toward the north. ¶ The nobull earl Thomas answered tho with a mild voice & said now fair lords I shall done your will. And with that woide the frere went from him sore weeping. and anon a ribaude went to him and smote of his heed. the xi. Kal. of Auerell in the year of grace. M.ccc. & xxi. ¶ Alas that ever such a gentle blood shall be done to death with out cause and reason. ¶ And tratorsly wos the king councellid when he through the false counsel of the spensers suffered sir Thomas his uncles son to be put to such a death & so been heeded against all manner of reason. and great pit it was also that such a nobull king should be desceived & misgoverned through counsel of the fallis spenseres the which though he maintained thorough loselrie against his honour and eke ꝓfite. For afterward there fell great vengeance in england for encheason of the foresaid Thomas death. ¶ When the gentle earl of his life was passed. The prior and the monks of Pountfret gotten the body of sir Thomas of the king and they buried it before the high altar on the right side● ¶ That same day that this gentle knight was deed. there were hanged & draw for the same quarrel at Pountfret sir willm tuchet sir willm Fitz willm. sir warreyn of ysel. sir Henri of brad borne. and sir william cheynye barons all· and Johan Page esquire ¶ And soon after at York were draw and hanged sir Rogeri Clifford: Sir johan of Mambray barons And sir Goselin davill knight ¶ And at Bristol were draw & hanged sir henri of wemyngton & sir henri Mounfort barons and at Glocestre were draw and hanged Sir johan Geffard and sir willm of Elmebrugge barons ¶ And at london were hanged and drow sir henri Ties baron And at wynchelse sir Thomas Colepepir knight. And at windesore sir Frances of waldenham baron: And at Cantorburi wos draw & honged sir Bertholome of Badelesmere. & sir Bartholomewe of asshebourneham barons. And at kerdyfe in wales sir willm Fleming baron ¶ How king Edward went in to scotland with an hundreth thousand men of arms & might not speed. ANd when king edward of england had brought the flower of Chivalry unto their death through council and consent of sir hugh spenser the father and sir hugh the son he become as wooed as any Lion ¶ And what so ever the Spensers would have it was done. so well the king loved them that they might done with him all thing that them liked. Wherefore the king gave unto sir hugh spenser the father. the earldom of wynchestre and unto sir Andrew of Herkela the erdom of Cardoill in prejudice and in harming of his crown: ¶ And king Edward though through consell of the spensers disherited all them that had been ayens him in any quarrel with Thomas of Lancastre & money oder were disherited also for encheason stat the spensers coveted for to have their lands and so they had all that they would desire with wrong and against all reason ¶ Thomas made the king Robert of Baldok a falls piled clerk Chauncelar of england through caunsell of the foresaid spensers & he was a false ribald and a covetise & so they counceled the king much that the king let take to his own ward all the goods of the lords that were put wrongfully to the death in to his own hand and as well they token the goods that were in holy church as the goods that were without. And let them been put in to his treasury in london and let them call his forfaittis' & by their council the king wrought for evermore he dysherite them that the goodis owghten. ¶ And through their counsel let a rear a talliage of all the goods of england ¶ Wherefore he was the richest king that ever wos in england after willm bastard of Normandy that conquered Englond▪ ¶ And yet through council of them him seemed that he had not enough. but made yet every town of england for to find a man of arms upon their own costages for to gone and were upon the scots that were his enemies wherefore the king went in to scotland with an hundreth thausand men of arms at whitsuntide in the year of our lord Ihu christ. M.ccc. & xxij. ¶ But the scots went and hid them in mountains & in woddis & tarried the englishmen fro day to day that the king might for no manner thing them find in plain field ¶ Wherefore money englishmen that had little victuals died there for hunger wonder fast and suddenly in going and in coming. and namely though that had been against Thomas of Lancastre and rob his men upon his landis: ¶ When king Edward saw that victuals failed him he wos though wonderfore discomforted for encheason also that his men died and for he might not speed of his enemies So at the last he come again in to Englond. ¶ And anon after come james Douglas & also Thomas Randulph with an hog host in to england in to Northumberland & with them the englishmen that were driven out of england & come & rob the country & killed the pepull. & also burnt the town that wos called northallerton & money other tounes to york. ¶ And when the king herd this tiding he let sompne all manner men that might travel. And so the englishmen met the scots at the abbey of Beigheland the xv. day after Mihelmasse in the same year abovesaid. And the englishmen were there discomfited. ¶ And at that scomfiture wos took sir johan of Bretan Earl of Rochemond that held the country and the earldom of Lancastre. ¶ And after he paid an huge ransom and wos let go. and after that he went in to france and come never afterward again. ¶ How sir Andrew of Herkela was take & put unto the death that wos earl of Cardoill. ANd at that time sir Andrew of herkela that new was made earl of Cardoill for cause that he had taken the good earl Thomas of Lancastre. he had ordained through the kings commandement of england for to bring him all the power that he might for to help him against the scots at the abbey of Beigheland ¶ And when the false traitor had gathered all the pepull that he might and should have come to the king unto the abbey of Beigheland ¶ The falls traitor lad them by an other country through Copeland & through the earldom of Lancastre. & went through the country & rob & killed folk all that he might ¶ And further more the falls traitor had taken a great soume of gold and silver of sir james Douglas for to be ayens the king of england and to been helping & holding with the scots through whose treason the king of england wos discomfited at Beigheland or that he come thither ¶ Wherefore the king wos toward him wonder wroth. and let privily inquire by the country about. how that it wos·s ¶ And so men enquerid and espied so at the last truth was found and sought & he attaint & take as a falls traitor. as the good earl Thoms of Lancastre him told. or that he were put unto death at his taking at burbrug: ¶ And to him said or that year were done he should be take and hold a traitor ¶ And so it wos as the holy man said. wherefore the king sent preveli to sir Anthoyn of Lucy a knight of the country of Cardoill that he should take sir Andrew of Harkela and put him unto the death ¶ And to bring this thing unto the end the king sent his commission. So that this same Andrew was take at Cardoill & led unto the bar in the manner of an earl worthily arrayed & with a sword gurt about him & hosed & spored. ¶ though spoke sir Anthoyn in this manner sir Andrew qd he. the king put upon the for as much as thou hast been orped in thy dediss he dead to the much honour and made the earl of Cardoill & thou as a traitor to thy lord the king & ladest his pepull of his country that should have holp him at the battle of Beiland and thou ladest them a way by the country of Copeland and through the earldom of of lancastre. Wherefore our lord the king was discomfited there of the scots through thy treason and falseness And if thou haddest comen be times he had had the battle. and treason thou didst for the great soume of gold and silver that thou underfeng of james Douglas a scot the kings enemy. ¶ And our lord the king will that the ordir of knyghod by the which thou underfeng all thine honoor and worship upon thy body be all brought to nought & thy estate undone. that other knyghttes of lawer degree may after be war: the which lord hath the a vaunced hugli in diverse countries in Englond. & that all may take example by the their lord afterward truly for to serve. ¶ though commanded he a knave anon to hew of his spors on his heel's And after he let broke the sword over his heed the which the king gave him to keep & defend his land there with when he had made him earl of Cardoill. ¶ And after he let him be unclothed of his furred tabard & of his hood & of his furred coats and of his gurdel. & when this wos done sir antony said unto him Andrew quoth he now art thou no knight but a knave & for thy treason the king will that thou shalt been hanged and draw & thine heed smitten of. & thy bowelels taken out of thy body & brent before the & thy body quartired & thine he descent to london and there it shall stand upon london bridge and the four quarters shall be sent to iiij. tounes of england that all other may be war & chastised by the. ¶ And as antony said so it was done all manner thing in the last day of October. In the year of grace. M: ccc. & xxij. year. ¶ And the son turned in to blood as the pepull it saw & that durid from the morn till it was xi: of the cloak of the day. ¶ Of the miracles that god wrought for sent thomas of Lancastre wherefore the king let close in the church doris of the Priore of pountfret that no man should come therein to the body for to offren. ANd soon after that the good earl Thomas of Lancastre was martyred. there was a priest that long time had be blind dreamed in his sleeping that he should gone unto the hill there that the good earl thomas of lancastre wos done unto death and he should have his sight again. and so he dreamed iij: nyghtis fewing. ¶ And the priest let lead him to the same hill. And when he come to that place that he was martirid on. full devoutly he made there his prayers & prayed god & sent Thomas that he might have his sight again. & as he was in his prayers he laid his right hand upon the same place that the good man was martyred on. & a drop of dry blood & small sand cleaved on his hand & there with striked his eeyn And anon through the might of god & of scent Thomas of Lancastre he had his sight again. and thanked though almighty god and sent Thomas ¶ And when this miracle wos known among men. the pepull come thither on every side and kneeled & made their prayers at his tomb that is in the priory of pountfret. and prayed that holy merter of succour and of help & god herd their prayer. ¶ Also there wos a young child drenched in a well in the town of pountfret & wos deed three days & iij. nyghtis & men come & laid the died child upon scent Thomas tomb the holy martyr. & the child arose from death to live: as money a man it saw. ¶ And also much pepull were out of their mind and god hath sent them their mind again through virtue of that holy martyr. ¶ And also god hath yeven there also to crippils there going & too crokid there hands & their feet and to blind also there sight· & to money seek folk their health of diverse maladies for the love of this good martyr. ¶ Also there wos a rich man in Coundom in gascoyn. & such a malady he had that all his right side rooted and fell away from him. that men might see his liver & his heart. & so he stonke that uneath men might come ny him. wherefore his friends were for him wonder sori. but at the last as god would they prayed to sent Thomas of lancastre that he would prai to almighty god for that prisoner & behight to go to Pountfret for to done their pilgrimage he thoht that the mertir sent Thomas con to him & anointed over all his sick body. ¶ And there with the good man awoke & wos all hole. & his flesh wos restored again that before wos rooted & fallen away. ¶ For which miracle the good man & his friends loved god & sent Thomas ever mere after. ¶ And this good man come in to england & took with him. iiij: fellows & come to pountfret unto that holy martyr & did their pilgrimage & the good man that was seek come thither all naked safe his prive clothes. ¶ And when they had done they turned home again in to there own country & told of the miracle where so ever that they come. ¶ And also ij. men have be heeled there of the mormale through help of that holy martyr though that evil be held incurabull ¶ And when the spensers herd that god did such miracles for this holy man & they nold be leave it in no manner wise▪ but said openly that it was great heresi such virtue of him to believe. ¶ And when sir hugh the spenser the son saw all this doing anon he sent his messenger from pountfret there that he dwelled to the king Edward that though wos at graven at Scipton for cause that the king should undo that pilgrimage. ¶ And as the ribald the messenger went toward the king for to done his message he come by the hill there the good martyr was done to death. & in the same place he made his ordure. And when he had done he went toward the king. & a strong flix come upon him or that he come to york. & though he shed all his bowels at his fundament. ¶ And when sir hugh the spenser herd this tiding somedeal he was a dread. & thought for to undo the pilgrimage if he might by any manner way. ¶ And anon to the king he went & said that they should be in great slander through out all christendom for the death of Thomas of Lancastre if that he suffered the people to do their pilgrimage at pountfret. & so he counseled the king that he commanded to close the church doors of pountfret in the which church the holy martyr sent Thomas was entered. & thus they did again all franchises of holy church. so that· iiij. year after might no pilgrim come unto that holy body ¶ And for encheason that the monkis suffered men to come & honour that holy body of scent Thomas the martyr. through council of sir hugh spenser the son. and through council also of master Robert Baldoke the falls piled clerk that wos the kings chauncelar the king consented that they should be set to their wages and let make wardens over their own good long time: & through commandment of the foresaid sir hugh the spenser xiv. Gascoyne's well armed kept the hill there that the good man sent Thomas was done unto his death so that no pilgrame might come by that way. ¶ Full well went he to have be take Christ's might: & his power and the great boos of miracles that he showed for his martyr Sent Thomas through all cristyndom ¶ And that same time the king made Robert of Baldok the falls piled clerk through prayer of sir hugh the spenser the son Chauncelar of england. ¶ And in the same time was the castle of Walynford held against the king through the prisoners that were within the castle for scent Thomas quarrel of Lancastre. ¶ Wherefore the pepull of the c●ntre come and took the castle upon the prisoners ¶ Wherefore Sir Iohn of Goldington knight & sir Edmond of beech prisoners & a squire that was called Roger of walton· were take and sent unto the king to Pountfret and there they werdone in to prison. and the foresaid Roger was sent unto york & there he was draw & hanged ¶ And anon after sir roger Mortimer of wygmore broke out of the tower of London in this manner. ¶ The foresaid reg herd that he should be draw & hanged at london. in the morrow after sent Laurence day & on the day before. he held a fair fest in the tower of london & there wos sir Stephen segraue constable of the tower & money great men with them. ¶ And when they should soap. the foresaid Stephen sent for all the offisers of the tower and they come & sopid with him. And when they should take there leave of him. a squire that was called Stephen that was full prive with the foresaid Roger through his counsel give them all such a drink that the lest of them all slept ij. days & ij. nyghtis & in the meyn time he scappid away by water that is to say by the Thamse & went over the see & held him in france. ¶ Wherefore the king wos sore annoyed & though put thee same Stephen out of his constablerie. ¶ How the queen Isabella went in to france for to treten of peace between her lord the king of Englond and the king of france her brother. THe king went though unto london & their through council of sir hugh the spenser the father & of his son & of master robert baldoke a falls piled clerk his chancellor let seize though all the queens lands in to his hands & also all the lands that were sir Edward his son & were so put to her wages against all manner reason & that was through the falseness of the spensers ¶ And when the king of france that was queen Isabelles brother herd of this falseness he was sore annoyed against the king of england & his false councelers. ¶ Wherefore he sent a letter to king edward under his seal that he should come in to france at a certain day for to done his homage & there to he somened him & else he should lose all Gascoyn. ¶ And so it was ordained in england through the king & his council that queen Isabella should wend in to france for to tret of peace between her lord & her brother And that oliver of Yngham should wend in to gascoyn & have with him seven. thousand men & more of arms to be seneschal & warden of gascoyn & so it wos orddyned that queen Isabel went over see & come in to france. & with her went sir Aymer of valance earl of pembroke that wos their mordred sodenlis impue siege but that was through godis vengeance. for he wos on of the justices that consentid to scent Thomas death of lancaster & would never after repent him of that wikkid deed: & at that tim sir oliver of ynghan went over in to gascoin & did much harm to the king of Fraunca and though he got again that king Edward had lost and much more there to. ¶ How king Edward sent sir Edward his son the eldest in to france. THe queen Isabella had but a quart of a year duelled in france but sir Edward her eldest son axed leave though for to wend in to france for to speak with his mother Isabella the queen. ¶ And his father the king granted him with a good will. and said to him Go my fair son in God's blessing & mine. & think for to come again as hastily as thou may. ¶ And he went over see & come in to france. ¶ And the king of france his uncle underfeng him with much honour & said unto him fair son ye be welcome & for be cause that your father come not to done his homage for the duchy of Gnyhene as his ancestors' were want for to do. I give you that lordship to hold it of me in heritage as all manner ancestors' did be fore you. where fore he was called duke of Guyenne. ¶ How the king exiled his queen Isabel & edward his heldest son WHen king Edward of england herd tell how the king of france had give the duchy of Gnyhen unto sir Edward his son with out consent & will of him & that his son had underfang the duchy. he become wonder wroth & sent to his son by letter & to his wife also that they should come again in to england in all the haste that they might: And the queen Isabella and sir Edward her son were wonder sore adread of the kings menace. and of his wrath. & principally for the falseness of the spensers both of the father & eke the son: & at his commandment they would not come. ¶ Wherefore king edward wos full sore annoyed. & let make a cry at london that if queen Isabella and edward her eldest son come not in to england that they should been hold as our enemies both to the ream and eke to the crown of england. ¶ And for that they nolnd come in to england. but both were exiled the mother and her son ¶ When the queen Isabella herd this tidings she wos sore adread to be shent through the falls congetting of the spencers ¶ And went with the knights that were exiled out of england for scent Thomas cause of Lancastre that is to say sir Roger of wigmore sir willm Trussell sir Iohn of Cromewell & money oder good knights. ¶ Wherefore they took their council & ordained amongs them for to make a mariege between the duke of gnyhen the kingys' son of england & the earls daughter of henaud that was a nobul knight of name & a doughty in his time: ¶ And if that thing might be brought about than stood they trowing with the help of god & with his help to recover their heritage in england were of they were put out through the false congettynges of spensers. ¶ How king edwar through council of the spensers sent to the douzeꝑs of france that they should help that the queen Isabella & her son sir edward were exiled out of france. WHen king edward & the spensers' herd how that queen Isabella and sir Edward her son had allied them to the earl of Henaud and to them that were exiled out of england for encheason of Thomas of Lancastre. they were so sori that they not wist what for to done. ¶ Wherefore sir hugh spenser the son said unto sir hugh his father in this manner wise. ¶ Father cursed be the tim and the council that ever ye consented that queen Isabella should go unto france for to treat of accord between the king of england and her brother the king of france for that was your council. for at that time forsooth your wit failed. ¶ For I dread me sore lest through her and her son we shall be shent but if we take the better council ¶ Now fair sirs understand how marvelous felony & falsehood the spensers ymagened and cast for privily they let fill v. barellis ferrors with silver though soume amounted v. thousand pound and they sent though barrels over see privily by an alien that wos called Arnold of spain that was a brocour of London that he should gone to the dousepers of France that they should procuren & speak to the king of france that queen Isabella and her son Edward were driven and exiled out of France. ¶ And among all other things that they were brought to the death as privily as they might. ¶ But almighty god would not so: for when this Arnold wos in the high see he wos take with sea land res that met him in the high see & took him & lad him to their lord the earl of henaud & much joy was made for that taking. & at the last this Arnold privily stole away fro thence & come to london ¶ And of this taking & of oder things the earl of henaud said to the queen Isabella Dame maketh you meri. & be of good cheer for ye be richer than ye weaned to have been. & take thes v. barrel is full of silver that were sent to the douzeꝑs of france for to kill you and your son Edward. & thinketh hasteli for to wend in to england & taketh ye with you sir johan of henaud my brother & v. C men of arms for money of them of france in whom ye have had great trust. done you for to scorn. ¶ And almyghti god grant you grace your enemies to over cum. ¶ The queen Isabella sent though through henaud and flanders for her saudiowrs and ordained her every day for to wend in to Englond again and so she had in her company sir edmond of woodstock that was earl of kent that was sir Edwardis brother of england. ¶ How king edward let keep the costs by the see & let try all the prize men of arms & foot men through england WHen king Edward herd tell that queen Isibell and Edward her son would come in to england with a great power of aliens and with them that were outlawed out of england for her rebelnesse he was sore adread to be put down and for to lose his kingdom. ¶ Wherefore he ordained to keep his castles in wales as well as in england with vitales and there apparile and let keep his rivers and also the see costs. Whereof the v. ports took to keep them and also the see. ¶ And at the fest of Decolation of scent Iohn Baptest. the Citizenis of london sent to the king to porchestre an hundreth men of arms. ¶ And also he commanded by his letters ordained that every hundreth and wapentake of england to triours as well of men of armmes as men of foot: & that they should been put in xx. some & in an hundreth some. & commanded that all though men were ready when any outese or cry were made for to pursue and take the aliens that come to england for to benomme him the land for to put him out of his kyngdom·s ¶ And more over he let cry through his patent in every fair and in every marketh of england that the queen Isabella and sir Edward his eldest son & the earl of kent that they were take and safely keeped with out any manner harm unto them doing and all other manner pepull that come with them anon smitten of their hedis with out any manner of ransom taking of them ¶ And what man that might bring sir Roger heed Mortimer of wygmore should have an hundreth pound of monay for his travel ¶ And furthermore he ordend by his patent and commanded to make a fire upon every hill beside the rivers and in law countries for to make high beekenes of tymbbre that if it so were that the aliens come unto the land by night that men should tend the bekenes that the country might be warned and come and meet their enemies. and in the time died sir Roger Mortimer his uncle in the tower of london. ¶ How the queen Isabella and sir Edward duke of Gnyhene his son come in to land at herewich and how they did. WHen queen Isabella and sir Edward her son Duke of Guyenne sir Edward of woodstock earl of Kent and sir johan the earls brother of Henaud and their company: dread not thee menace of the king ne of his traitors. for they trustid all in God's grace & come unto herewich in sauthfolke the xxiv. day of Septembre & in the year of grace. M.ccc.xxvi. And the queen & sir edward her son sent letters to the mayor & commmalte of london requiring them that they should be helping in the quarrel & causa that they had begun that is to say to destroy the traitors of the ream. but none answer was sent again. wherefore the queen & sir Edward her son senten an other patent letter under their seals the tenor of which letter here followeth in this manner. ¶ Isabella by thee grace of god queen of england lady of Irland & Countess of pountyf & we Edward the eldest son of the king of england Duke of gnyhen earl of chester of Pauntif & of Moustroill to the mayor & to all the commonalty of the cite of london sendeth greeting. For as much as we have before the time sent to you by our letters how we be come in to this land with good array and in good manner for the honour and profit of holy church and of our right dear lord the king and all the ream with all our might and power to keep and maintain as we and all the good folks of the foresaid ream are holden to done ¶ And upon that we pray you that ye would be helping to us in as much as ye may in this quarrel that is for the common profit of all the foresaid ream. And we have had to this time none answer of the foresaid letters ne know not your will in that party. ¶ Wherefore we send to you again and pray & charge you that ye bear you so against us that we have no cause to grieve you but that ye been unto us helping by all the ways that ye may or may know. For wite ye well in certain that we and all though that be comen with us in to this ream think not to done any thing: but that thing that shall be for the common perfect of all the ream but onli to destroy hugh spenser our enemy & enmity all the ream as ye it well knoweth ¶ Wherefore we pray you & charge you in the faith that ye own on to our lord the king & to us: and upon all that ye shall mow forfeit again us that if the said hugh spenser our enemy come with in your power that ye don him hasteli to been take and saufli keeped until we have ordained of him our will. and that ye leave it not in no manner wise as ye desire honour and profit of us all and of all the ream. ¶ understondyn ye well that if ye do our prayer and commandment we will the more be held unto you. And also ye shall get you worship and profit if ye send us hastily answer of all your will again at Baldok the vi. day of October. ¶ Which letter early in the dawyng of the day of scent Denis wos takked upon the new cross in cheap. and money copies of the same letter were tacked upon windows and doris and upon other places in the Cite of london that all men passing by the way might them see and read: ¶ And in the same time king Edward was at london in the tower at his meet. ¶ And amessinger come in to the hall and said that the queen Isabella was comen to land at Herewich. & hath brought in her company sir iohn of Henaud & with him men of arms without number. ¶ And with that word sir Hugh the spenser the father spoke. and thus unto the king said. My most worshipful lord and king of england now we make good cheer for certanly they ben all ours. ¶ The king saw this word comfortable yet he was full sorrowful & pensive in his heart. ¶ And the king had not fully eaten but there come in to the hall an other messenger and said that the queen isabell was arrived at herewich beside yepswyche in southfolk. ¶ Sir hugh the spenser the father spoke to the messenger and said tell sooth in good faith to the messenger my fair friend is she come with a great strength: ¶ Now sertis sir the sooth for to say she ne hath in her componye but seven. houndreth men of arms ¶ And with that word sir hugh spenser the father cried with an high voice & said Alas alas we been all betrayed. for certis with so litil power she had never comen to land but if folk of this land were unto her consent. ¶ And therefore after the meet they token their council and went toward wales for to arere the walshmen against the queen isabell and Edward her son. all for to fight and so they were in purposed everichone. ¶ How master walter Stapilton bishop of excestre that was the kings treasurer wos heeded at london. ANd in the same time king Edward wos sore adread lest that men of london would yield them unto the queen Isabel and to her son Edward. ¶ Wherefore he set master walt stapilton his treasurer for to be warden and keeper of the cite of london with the mayor. ¶ And so come to the gyldehall of london and asked the keys of the yates of the cite through virtue and strength of his commission and would have had the keeping of the Cite And the commoners answered and said that they would keep the cite to the honour of king Edward and of Isabella the queen and of the duke the kings son with out any more the bishop wos tho sore annoyed & swore oaths that they all should abye it anon as the king edward were comen out of wales. ¶ And the communers all anon of the cite took the bishop & lad him a mids of the cheap & there they smitten of his heed and set his heed in his right hand. ¶ And after they heeded ij. of his squires that held with the bishop and on of them was called willm of wail that was the bisshopis nepheu ¶ And that other was called johan of Padyngton. And also they took a burgeiss of london that wos called Iohn Marchall that wos sir hugh spensers aspie the father & smoten of his heed also ¶ And in that same time that bisshoop had in london a fair tower in making in his close upon the river of the Thamese that was with out temple bar and he failed stone to make there of an end where for he commanded his men to go to the church of the frere Carmes and there they took stone to make there with the tower & much sand & mort & old robous that wos left ¶ And for the despite that the bishop had done unto holy church he & his ij. squires were buried in that sand as though they had been hounds ¶ And there they lay a xi. wekis till that the queen Isabella sent her letters to the commoners & prayed them that they would suffer & grant that the bishop might be take out of that place & be buried at excestre at his own church. ¶ And so he was & his ij. squires were buried at sent Clementis church with out temple bar & it wos no wonder though that bishop died an evil death ¶ For he was a covetous man & had with him no mercy & evil counseled the king. ¶ And soon after was Arnold of spain taken that was assentant to have lad vM. pound of silver in .v. bareles ferriers unto the douzeꝑs of france for to help and hast the queen Isabella to her death and Edward her son also. And this Arnold wos put to death with out the cite of london. ¶ How king Edward and sir hugh spenser and the earl of Arundel were taken. WHen king Edward had sent master walter Stapilton his treasurer in to london for to keep the Cite unto him again the queen Isabella his wife and against edward his son anon him self took with him sir hugh spenser the son and sir johan earl of Arundel and master Robert Baldoke his Chancelar a falls piled priest and token their way toward Bristol. ¶ And there the king abode a little time and made sir hugh the spenser the father as constable and keeper of the castle ¶ And the king & that other spenser went in to ship & sailed toward wales & took no leave of the steward ne of none in the kings household. & went over in to wales for to arere the walshmen again dame Isabella the queen & thee duke her son & the earl of Kent & sir johan of Henaud and they went & pursued after them. and there power encresid every day. So at the last the king was taken upon a hill in wales & sir hugh thee spenser the son in that other side of the same hill. and the falls piled clerk master Robert Baldoke there fast besides them & were brought again in to england as almighti god would ¶ And the king himself was put in safe keeping in the castle of Kemlworth & him kept sir Henri that was sent Thomas brother of Lancastre. ¶ And sir hugh the father come & put him in the queens grace and sir Edward her sun duke of Guyenne. ¶ But sir hugh thee spenser after the time that he was taken nold never eat no manner meet ne drink no manner drink. from he witted to have no mercy safe only to be deed ¶ And the queen & her counsel though had ordained that he should have be do to death at london. but he was so febull for his much fasting that he was ny deed. And therefore it wos ordend that he should have his jugemet at herford & at a place of the tour his hood wos take from his heed and also from Robert of Baldoke that wos a falls piled clarkd and the kings Chauncelare and men set upon their hedis chappelettis of sharp netteles and two squires blew in there ears with two great bugles horns upon the ij. prisoners that men might here their blowing out with horns. more than a myle● ¶ And on Symond of Riding the kings marchall bare before them their arms upon a spear reversed in token that they should be undone for ever more ¶ And upon the morew was sir hugh spenser the son dampened to death & wos draw & hanged & heded & his bowels takin out of his body & brent and after that he was quartired. & his four quarters were sent to iiij. towns of england and his heed sent to London bridge. ¶ And this Simond for encheason that he despised queen Isabella he was draw & hanged in a stage made. a midst the foresaid sir hugh galewes ¶ And the same day a little from thence was sir Iohn of arundel beheaded for encheason that he wos on of sir hugh spensers counsellors. ¶ And anon after wos sir hugh spenser the father hanged & draw and heeded at Bristol. & after hanged again by the arms with ij. strong ropes: & the iiij· day after he was hewn all to pieces and hounds eaten him. and for that encheason that the king had yeffen him the earldom of wynchestre his heed wos sent thither & put upon a spear ¶ And the falls Baldoke wos sent to london & there he died in prison amongs thieves. for men did him no more reverens than they would done unto an hound: & so died the traitors of england blessed be almighty god. ¶ And it wos no wonder for through there council the good earl Thomas of lancastre wos done to death. and all that held with Thomas of lancastre through the traitors were undone & all their heirs disherred. ¶ Hw king edward was put down & his dignity take from him. ANd anon after as all this was done. The queen Isabel and Edward her son and all the grett lords of Englond at one assent sent to king Edward to the castle of kenilworth there that he was in keeping under the ward of sir johan Hachin that wos the bishop of Ely. & of sir johan of Percy a baroun for encheason that he should ordain his parliament at a certain place in england for to rodresse & amend the state of the ream. ¶ And king Edward them answered and said lords quod he. ye see full well how it is. Lo haveth here my seal. and I yef you all my power for to ordain a parliament where that ye will ¶ And they took there leave of him & come again to the barons of england ¶ And when they had the kings patent of this thing they showed it to the lords ¶ And though was ordained that the parliament should be at westmynstre at the utas of scent Hilary ¶ And all the great lords of england let ordain for them there ayens that time that the parliament should be ¶ And at which day that parliament was. the king would not come there for no manner thing as he had set himself and assigned. ¶ And notheles the barons sent unto him o time & other. And he swore by godis soul that he nold not come there on foot. Wherefore it wos ordained by all the great lords of england that he should no longer be king but be deposed & said that they would crown Edward his son the elder king. that was the duke of Guyenne. & sent tiding unto the king there that he was in ward under sir johan earl of Garen and sir johan of Bothun that was bishop of Ely and sir Henri Percy a baron and sir willm Trussell a knight that wos with the earl sir Thomas of Lancaster for to yield up there homages unto him for all them of england: ¶ And sir willm Trussell said thes words: Sir Edward for encheason that ye have traied your pepull of england and have undone money great lords of england with outen any cause ye shall be deposed. & now ye be withstand thanked be god ¶ And also for encheason that ye would not come to the parliament as ye ordained at westmynstre as in your own letter patent is contend for to tret with your league men as a king should. ¶ And therefore through all the comuns assent & of all the lords of england I tell unto you thes words ye shall under stand sir that the barons of england at on assent will that ye be no more king of Englond but utterly have put you out of your rialte for ever more. ¶ And the bishop of Ely said tho to the king ¶ Sir edward heri I yield up feaute and homage for all the erchebisshoppis & bishops of england & for all the clerge. ¶ though said sir johan earl of Garenne sir edward I yield up here unto you feaute & homage for me & for all Earls of england: ¶ And sir Henri Percy give up also there his homage for him & for all the barons of england. ¶ And though said sir willm Trussell I yield up now unto you sir mine homage for me & also for all the knights of england & for all them that holden by seriauntre or by any other manner thing of you. ¶ So that from this day afterward ye shall not be claimed king neither for king be hold. ¶ But from this time afterward. ye shall been holden for a singular man of all the pepull. And so they went thence to London there that the lords of england them abode. And sir edward abade in prison in good keeping & that wos the day of Conversion of scent Paul in thee xx. year of his regne ¶ Of the prophecy of Merlin declared of king edward the son of king edward the frist. OF this king Edward ꝓphecied Merlin and said that there should come a Good out of Car that should have horns of silver & a beard as white as snow▪ and a doppe should come out of his nosethriles that should betoken much harm hounger & death of the pepull. & great loss of his land: and that in the beginning of his reign should be haunted much lechorie. ¶ And he said sooth alas the time for king edward that was king edward son was bonre at Carnarivan in wales. for sooth he had horns of silver & a beard as white as snow. when he was made prince of walis. to much he gave him to riot & to folly. ¶ And soothe said Merlin in his prophecy that there should come out of his nose a doppe. for in his time was great hunger among the poer pepull. and strong death among the rich that died in strange land with much sorrow & in were in scotland. and afterward he lost scotland & gascoyn. & whiles that himself wos king there was much lechori haunted: ¶ And also Merlin told & said that this Good should seche the flower of life and of death. And he said sooth. for he spoused Isabella the kings sister of france. ¶ And in his time Merlin said that they should be made brigges of folk upon ditches of the se. And that was well sayne at Banokkes borne in scotland when he was discomfited there of the scots ¶ And Merlin told also that stones should fall from castles and money towns should be made plain. ¶ And he said sooth for when king Edward wos discomfited in scotland and come though southward the scots besieged though castles & did them much harm and burnt towns unto the herd earth: ¶ And afterward Merlin told that an Eagle should come out of cornwall that should have fetherris of gold that of pride should have no peir. and he should despise lords of blood. and after he should die through a bear at Gausich: and that propheci was full well know and found sooth. ¶ For by the eagle is understand sir Pers of Ganaston that though wos earl of cornwall that was a wonder proud man that despised the baronage of england. but afterward he was heeded at gausich through the earl of Lancastre and through the earl of werwik. ¶ And Merlin told that in his time it should seem that the bear should burn and that battle should be upon an arm of the see in a field arrayed like a sheld where should die money whit hedis. ¶ And he said sooth for by the brenning of the bear is betokened great dread through cutting of swerdis at that battle of miton for there come the scots in manner of a shield in manner of a wing & slew upon small men of religion prestis & seculars wherefore the Scotts called that battle in despite of englishmen the white battle. ¶ And after merlin said that the foresaid bear should do the Good much harm and that should be upon the south-west and also upon his blood and said also that the good should lose mich deal of his land till the time that shame should him over cum and than he should clothe him in a Lion skin & should win again that he had lost and more through pepull that should come out of the northwest that should make him to been adread & him a venge upon his enemies through council of ij. Owls that frist should be in ꝑell to be undone ¶ And that though two Owls should wend over the see in to a strange land and there they should duel until a certan time & after they should come in to england again. ¶ And though two Owls should do much harm unto money on & that they should concell the good to move were against the foresaid bear. ¶ And the got & the owls should come to an arm of the see at borton up Trent & should wend over & that for dread the bear should i'll with a Swan in his company to Buri toward the north through an unkind outpulnter & that the Swan than shall be slain with sorrow & the Bear should be slain full nigh his own nest that should stand upon Pountfret upon whom the son shall shed his beams and money folk him shall seek for virtue & he said sooth for the good earl Thomas of Lancastre was borne in the northwest & cousin to the king and his uncle son. ¶ And by law he made the king lose much land the which he had purchesed wilfulli till at the last the king there of took shame & himself filled with cruelty ¶ And after he got again that he had lost & much more through folk that he let assemble out of the northwest that made him to be adread and a venged him of his barons through council of sir hugh the spenser the father and of sir hugh the son that before were owtlawed of england for their wikkednes ¶ but afterward they cume again in to engloed sir hugh spenser the father out of france And so much conceled the king that he should were upon Thomas of Lancastre ¶ So that the king and the spensers and the earl of Arundel and their power met with Thomas of Lancastre at Burton upon Trent and him there discomfited and sir Humphrey earl of Herford wos in his company. ¶ And after fled the foresaid Thomas and Humphrey with their company at Burbruge with sir Andrew of erkela that is called the unkind outpulter ¶ And also sir Symondward earl of york they come & meet with Thomas of lancastre with an huge company & them there discomfited. & in that scomfiture the earl of herford wos slain upon the bruge couherdly with a spear in the fundament And the earl Thomas wos take and lad unto Pauntfret. & though was heeded beside his own castle. But afterward money men him sought for miracles that god did for him. ¶ And in that time Merlin said for sorrow and harm should die a pepull of his land. wherefore money other lands should be upon him the more bolder ¶ And he said sooth for by encheason of his barons that were done to death. for sent thomas quarrel of lancastre pepull of money lands become the bold for to move were upon the king: for their blood wos turned to money nations ¶ And afterward Merlin told & said that the foresaid Owls should do much harm unto the floor of life & death. & they should bring her to much disease. so that she should wend over see in to france for to make peace to the flower delise. & there should a bide till on a time her seed should come and sech her. And though they should a biden both till the time that they should clothe them with grace: & tho two Owls she should seek & put them unto pytuus death. & that prophecy wos well know and was full sooth. ¶ For sir Hugh spenser the father and sir hugh the son did much sorrow and persecution unto the queen Isabella through her procurment to her lord the king. ¶ So they ordained amongs that she was put unto her wages that is to say twenty shylling in the day. ¶ Wherefore the king of france her brother was sore annoyed and sent in to england by his letters unto king Edward that he should come unto his parliament to Paris in france. but king Edward was sore adrade to come ther. for he weaned to have been arrested till that he had made amendis for the trespass that sir hugh spenser the father & the son had done. And for the harm that they had done unto thee queen Isabella his sister. ¶ Wherefore through her ordinance & consent of the spensers the queen Isabella went over see in to france for to make accord between king Edward & the king of france her brother ¶ And there duelled she in france till edward her eldest son come her to sech & so they duelled there both till that alliance was made between them & the gentle earl of Henaud. that if they with there help might destroi & over come the venom & the falseness of the spensers' that sir edward should spouse Dame Philip the worsshipfull lady & the earls daughter of henaud. ¶ Wherefore the queen Isabella & sir edward her son & sir edward of woodstock the kings brother of Englond & sir Iohn of henaud & sir Roger Mortimer of wigmore and sir Thomas Rocelin & sir Iohn of Cronwell & sir willm Trussell and money other of the a liaunce of the gentle earl Thomas of Lancastre that were exiled out of england for his quaril & were disherited of their lands ordained them a great power and arrived at herewich in southfolk. ¶ And soon after they pursued the spensers till that they were take & put unto spitouse death as before is said and their company a● also for the great falseness that they did to king edward & to his pepull. ¶ And Merlin said also more that the good should be put into great disease & in great anguysh & in great sorrow he should lead his life. ¶ And he said sooth for after the time that king edward wos take he was put in to ward till that the spensers were put unto the death. ¶ And also for encheason that he would not come unto his own parliament at london as he had ordained and assigned himself and to his baronage and also would not govern and rule his pepull ne his ream as a king should done: ¶ Wherefore sum of the barons of england come & yield up their hamages unto him for them and all the other of the ream in the day of conversion of scent paul in the year of his reign xx & they put him out of his rialte for ever more & ever he lived his life afterward in much sorrow & anguish. LOdewicus the fourth wos emperor after Henri iiij. year This Lodewic wos duke of Banare & he despised the coronation of the pope. wherefore the pope deposit him. and much labour and money ꝑell he had after: And he trubled greatly the unite of holy church. & then was chosin ayens him Frederik the duke of Ostrich. & he over come the duke. and boid a rebellion to his end. & in great apparel to his soul and at the last Karolus was chosin ayens him the which puayled. and suddenly Lodewik fell down of his horse & decessed: johan Maundevill a doctor of fesike & a knight borne wos in england a bout this tyme. & he made a marvelous pilgrimage. for he went almost a bout all the world. and he wrote his dediss in three languages & decesid & wos buried at scent Albon Benedictus the xxij. was pope after Iohn seven. year and more. This man wos a monk. & in all his youth he wos of good conversation & a doctor of divinity. And wen he wos made pope he reform the ordir of sent Benet in that thing that was necessari: And he wos an hard man to grant benefice lest he had granted it to an unconing man. he made a decretal the which began Benedictus deus in donis suis. & he wos very cruel in his faith: And for that of some men little loved. he wos so stout a man that almost he would not know his own cousins: Anno domini. M.iij C xxvij. ¶ Of king Edward the third after the conquest ANd after this king Edward Carnarivan reigned sir edward of windesore his son the which wos crowned king & anointed at westmynstre through council and consent and will of all the great lords of the Ream the sunday in Candelmasse eve in the year of grace. M: CCC.xxvi. that w●s of age at that time but xv. year. and for encheason that his father was in ward in the castle of kenilworth and eke wos put down of his rialte. the ream of england was with out king from the fest of scent Katerin in the year abovesaid unto the fest of Candelmasse & tho were all manner pleas of the kings bynch astent. ¶ And though wos commanded to all the sheriffs of england through writ to warn the parties to defendants through somning again ¶ And also furthermore that all prisoners that were in the king gail̄les that were attached through sheriffs should be let gone quite. ¶ The king Edward after his coronation at the prayer & beseeching of his liege of the ream granted them a chartre of steadfast peace to all them that would it ask. ¶ And sir iohn of Henaud & his company took there leave of the king & of the lords of the ream: & turned home to their own country again: & each of them had full rich yefts ever ych man as he wos of value & estate ¶ And though wos england in peace & in rest & great love between the king & his lords: & comynly english men said amongs them that the devil was deed. But the treasure of the king his father & the treasure of spensers both the father & of the son & of the earl of Arundel & of master Robert baldok that wos the kings chancelar was departed after the queen Isabellis ordinance and Sir Roger Mortimers of wigmore. so that the king had nothing there of but at her will & her deliverance ne of there lands as afterward ye shall here. ¶ How king Edward went to stanthop for to meet the scots. ANd yet in the same time was king Edward in the Castle of Kenilworth under the keeping of sir Henri that was earl Thomas brother of Lancastre that though wos earl of leicester and the king granted him the earldom of Lancastre that the king his father had seized in to his hand & put out Thomas of Lancastre his brother. ¶ And so was he earl of Lancastre & of Leicestre & eke steward of england as his brother wos in his tyme. but sir Edward that wos king edwardis father made sorrow with out end. for because he might not speak with his wife ne with his son wherefore he wos in much mischief. for though it were so that he was lad & ruled by false council yet he wos king Edwardis so ne called edward with long schankis & come of the worthiest blood of the world ¶ And they to whom he wos woned to give great yefts & large were most pew with the king his own son: & they were his enemies both by night & by day & procurid to make debate & contake between him and his son. & Isabella his wife. but the frere prechours to him were good friends evermore & cast both by night & by day how they might bring him out of prison ¶ And among their company that the freris had privily brought there wos a frere that was called Dunhened & he had ordained & gathered a great company of folk to keep at that need. but the frer wos take & put in the castle of pounfret & there he died in prison. ¶ And sir henri earl of Lancastre that had the kings father in keeping through commandment of the king delivered Edward the kings father by endentur to sir Thomas of berkeley. And so sir Iohn Mautreus & they led him from the castle of kemlworth to the castyll of Berkeley & kept him there saufly. ¶ And at Estren next after his coronation the king ordained a huge host for to fight ayens the scots. And sir Iohn the Erles brother of heenaud from be yond the see come for to help king Edward & brought with him seven. houdreth men of arms & arrived at dover & they had leave for to go forth till they come to york their that thee king them abode ¶ And the scots come thither to the king for to make peace & accorde· but the accordment lasted not bitwein tham but a little tyme. ¶ And at that time the englishmen were clothed all in coats & hodes painted with letters & with flowers full semeli with long beards And therefore the scots made a bill that wos fastyned upon the church doris of sent Petre toward stangate & thus said the scripture in despite of englishmen. ¶ Long beard heartless: Painted hod witless. Gay cote gracelas makes england thriftless. ANd in the trinity day next after began the contake in the cite of york between the englishmen and the Henaudires. & in that debate were killed of the earldom of Nycholl and murdered lxxx. and after they were buried under a stone in scent Clementis chirchhawe in fosgate ¶ And for encheason that the henauders come to helmp the king. there peace was cried on pain of life & limb ¶ And in that other half it wos found by an inquest of the cite that the englishmen began the debate: ¶ How the englishmen stopped the scots in the park of stanhope and how they turned again in to scotland. ANd at that time the scots had assembled all their power and comen in to england and killed and rob all that they might take and also brennet and destroyed all the north country through out till that they come unto the park of stanhope in wyredall and there the Scotts held them in a ambushment. ¶ But when the king had herd through certain aspies where the Scotts were anon right with his host besieged them within the foresaid park so that the scottit witted not where to gone out but only unto there harms and they abiden in the park xv. days & vitales them failed in every side so that they were gretli appaired of their bodies. ¶ And sith that Brut come first in to bretan unto this time was there never say so fair an host what of englishmen and of a lyens and of men of foot the which ordained them for to fight with the scots through egging of sir Henri earl of Lancastre and of sir johan henaude that would have gone over the water of with for to have fought with the scots ¶ But sir Roger Mortimer consentid not there to. For he had privily take meed of the scots then for to help that they might wend away again in to there own country. ¶ And this same Mortimer counseled so much Thomas of Brotherton the earl marshal that was king Edwardis uncle that the fersaid Thomas should not assembull at that time unto the scots and he assented. but he witted not the doing between the scots and the foresaid Mortimer ¶ And for encheason that he was marshal of Englond and to him pertained ever the vauntward he sent hasteli to the earl of Lancastre and to sir johan of henaud that they should not fight with the Scotts in prejudice and harming of him and his fee. And if they did that they should stand to there own peril ¶ And the foresaid earl marshal was all arrayed with his bateill at the reredoos of the earl of Lancastre for to have fought with him and with his folk if he had moved for to fight with the proud scots ¶ And in this manner he was deceived and witted nothing of this treason. And thus was the king principally deceived. ¶ And when it wos night Mortimer that had the wach for to keep of the host that night distrobled the wach that nothing might be done ¶ And in the mein while the scots stole be night toward their own country as fast as they might ¶ And so wos the king falsely betrayed that weaned that all the traitors of his land had been brought to an end as it wos said before ¶ Now here ye lords how tratoursly king Edward was deceived & how meruelusly & boldly the scots did of were. for jamys Douglas with. CC. men of arms ridden through aut all the host of ging Edward the same night the scots were escaped toward there own country as is above said till that they come to the kings pavilion & killed their money men in theridamas beddis & cried some Naward naward. & an oder time a Douglos a douglas. Wherefore the king that wos in his pavilion & mech oder folk were wonder sore afraid. but blyssid be almighty god the king wos not taken & in great apparel was tho the ream of england ¶ And that night the moan shone full clear & bright. & for all the kings men the scots ascappid harmless ¶ And in the morrow when the king witted that the scots were a scappid in to there own country. he wos wonder sori & full heartily wepid with his young eyn. & yet witted he not who had him done that treason. but that falns treason was full well knaw a good while after as the stori telleth ¶ though king edward come again to york full sorrowful & his host departed and every man went in to his own country with full heavy cheer and morning semblant & the henaud's took there leave & went in to their own country. & the king for their travel hugeli them rewardid ¶ And for encheason of that voyage the king had dispendid much of his treasure & wasted ¶ And in that time were seen ij: moans in the firmament that on was clear & that other was dark as men might see through out the world and a great debate was that same time ayens pope johan the xxij: after sent petre. & the Emperor of almain though made him Emperor ayens the Pope's will that though held his see at Avignon ¶ Wherefore the emperor made his cry at Rome & ordained an oder pope that hight Nycholas that was a frere minor. and that was ayens the right of holy church ¶ Wherefore he wos cursed & the power of that oder pope soon wos leid: And for encheason that such meruellis were sayne men said that the world was nigh at an end. ¶ Of the death of king Edward Carnarivan. ANd now go we again to sir Edward of Carnarivan that was king Edward father sum time king of england & put down of his dyngnite: Alas for his tribulation and sorrow that him befell through falls council that he loved and triftid upon to much that afterward were destroyed thugh their falseness as god would. ¶ And this Edward of Carnarivan wos in the castle of Berkelay under the keeping of Sir Moris of Berkeley & sir johan of Mautreus and to them he made his complaint of his sorrow and of his disease and oft time he axed of his wardens what he had trespassed ayens Dame Isabella his wife and Sir edward his son that was made new king that they would not viset him ¶ And though ansuerid on of his wardens and said: my worthy lord displease you not that I shall tell you the encheason is for it is done them to understand that if my lady your wife come any thing nigh you that ye would her strangle and kill and also that ye would do to my lord your son the same ¶ Thomas answered he with simple cheer. Alas alas am I not in prison and all at your own will. now god it wot I thought it never and now I would that I were deed so would god if that I were. for than were all my sorrow passed ¶ Hit was not long time after that the king through concell of Roger Mortimer granted the ward & keeping of sir edward his father unto sir Thomas Toiourney & to the foresaid sir Iohn Mautrevers through the kings letter & put out holy the foresaid sir Morris of the ward of the king & they took & led the king unto the castle of Corfe the which castle the king hated as any death & they keeped him there till it come unto sent Mathewes day in September in the year of grace. M.ccc.xxvij. that the foresaid sir Roger Mortimer sent the manner of the death how & in what wise he should be done to death. ¶ And anon as the foresaid Thomas & johan had sayne the letter & commandment they made king Edward Carnarivan good cheer & good so 'las as they might at that supper & nothing the king witted of the tratorie. ¶ And when time wos for to go to bed the king went unto his bed & lay & slept fast & as the king lay & slept the tratouries false for sworn against their homage & their feaute come privily in to the kings chambre & their company with them and laid an huge table upon his womb & with men pressed & held fast down the iiij: corners of the table upon his body wherewith the good man awoke & was wonder sore a dread to be deed there and slain and turned his body though upsedoune:. ¶ though took the falls traitors and wood tirantis an horn and put it in to his fundament as deep as they might & took a spit of copper brenning & put it through the horn in to his body and oft times rolled there with his bowels and so they killed their lord that nothing wos ꝑsaved & after he was entered at glocestre. ¶ How king Edward spoused Philip the Earls daughter of Henaud at York: ANd after Cristemasse though next swing sir Iohn of henaud brought with him Phelip his brother's daughter that was earl of Henaud his niece in to englond· & king edward spoused her at york with much honour. ¶ And sir Iohn of Bothum bishop of Ely and sir wyllm of melton archbishop of york sungen thee mass the sunday in the eve of conversion of scent Paul In the year of grace a. M.ccc.xxvij. but for encheason that the king was but young & tender of age: when he wos crowned full money wrongs were done while that his father lived. for encheason that he trowed the counsellors that were falls a bout him that counciled him to done other wise than reason would wherefore great harm was done to the ream & to the king & all men directid it the kines deed. & it was not so almighty god it wot. Where fore it wos ordained at the kings crouning that the king for his tender age should be governed by xij. of the greatest lords of england with out which no thing should be done: that is to say The archbishop of Cantorburi the erchebishop of york the bishop of wynchestre & the bishop of herthforth the earl of Lancastre the earl marshal. & the earl of Kent that were the kings unches. & the earl of Garenne: sir Thomas wake. sir henri of Perci. sir oliver of yngham & Iohn of Roos barons. ¶ All thes were sworn truly for to council the king. And they should answer every year in the parliament of that that should be done in the time of that governal. but that ordeynance wos soon undone & that was much harm to all englond· ¶ For the king & all the lords that should govern him were governed & ruled after the kings mother Dame Isabella: & by sir Roger Mortimer ¶ And as they would all thing wos done both among high and low. And they token unto them Castles towns lands & rentis in great harm & loss to the crown & of the kings estate out of measure. ¶ How the peace was made between the english men and thee scots & also of justifying of Troylebastone. THe king Edward at whitsuntide in the second year of his ragne through the council of his mother & sir Roger Mortimer ordained a parliament at Northampton. And at that parliament the king through her council and none other of the land with in age granted to be accorded with the Scotts in this manner. that all the feautes and homages that the scots should do unto thee crown of Enlond for give them unto the scots for ever more by his chartre enseled: ¶ And furthermore an endenture wos made of the scots unto king edward that wos king Henris son which endenture they called it rageman in the which were contained all thee homagis and feautes Frist of the king of Scotland and of all the prelatis earls and barons of the ream of scotland with their seals set thereon and other charters and remembrances that king Edward and his barons had of their right in the foresaid ream of Scotland it wos for give them again holy church And also with the black cross of scotland the which the good king edward conquered in Scotland and brought it out of the Abbey of Scone that is a full precious relic. ¶ And also furthermore he relesid and for gave all the lands that thebarons of england had in scotland by old conquest. ¶ And this peace for to be hold and last the scots were bound unto the king in thirty: thousand pound of silver to be paid with in three year that is every year x. thousand pound by evyne portions. ¶ And furthermore above all this they speak between the ꝑteis above said that David dritonautier that was king Robert the Bruit son the falls tyrant and falls forsworin against his oath that arose against his liege lord the nobull and good king Edward and falsely made him king of Scotland that was of age of .v. year ¶ And so through this cursed council David spoused at Barewik Dame Johan of the tour that was king Edwardis sister as the geest telleth. upon mare Magdalene day In the year of grace a ·M. ccc. and xxviij. to great harm and empeiring to all the kings blood. where of that gentle lady come. Alas the time For wonder much was that fair damosel disꝑaged sith that she was married against all the common assent of Englond And from the time that Brut had conquered Albion and named the land after his own name Bretan that now is called england after the name of Engest: ¶ And so the ream of Scotland wos holden of the ream of england and of the crown by feaute and by homage. ¶ For Brut conquered that land and give it unto Albanak that wos his second son and he called that land Albayn after his own name. So that the heirs that comen after him should hold of Brut and of his heirs that is to say of the kings of Bretan by feaute and homage and from that time unto this time of king Edward the ream of scotland wos holden of the ream of Englod by feautes and services as above is said in the crenicles of england and of scotland. & beareth witness more planarly: ¶ And accursed be the time that this parliament was ordained at Northampton. For their through falns council the king was there falsely disherited and yet he was with in age. ¶ And yet when that king Edward wos put out of his rialte of england. Yet men put not him out of the feautes & services of the Ream of Scotland ne of the franchises disherited him far evermore. ¶ And nevertheless the great lords of england were against to confirm the peace and the trewes abave said safe only queen Isabella that though was the kings mother Edward and the bishop of Ely and the lord Mortimer. but reason and law would not that a final peace should be made between them with out the common assent of england ¶ Of the debate that was between queen Isabella & sir Henri earl of Lancastre & of leicester & of the riding of Bedford: WHen the foresaid David had spoused Dame Johan of the t●ur in the town of Berrewik as before is said the scots in despite of the englishmen called Dame johane the Countess make peace. For the cowardice peace that though wos ordained. but the kings person bore all the wit and the blame with wrong of the making of the accord. And all wos done through the quen and Roger Mortimer. ¶ And it was not long after that the queen Isabella ne took in to her own hand all the lordship of Pountfret. almost all the lands that were of any value that appertained to the crown of Englond· ¶ So that the king had not for to dispend but of his uses & of his exchequer. For the queen Isabella and Mortimer had a great meinie of their retenaunce that followed evermore the kings court: And went and took the kings prizes for her penny worths at good cheap. ¶ Wherefore the country that they comen in. were full sore a dread and almost destroyed of them ¶ though began the comminalte of england for to have envy to Isabella the queen that so much loved her before. when she come again for to pursue the false traitors the spensers from france ¶ And in that same time the false traitor Robert of Holland that betrayed his lord sir Thomas of Lancastre was tho delivered out of prison: and was wonder prive with the queen Isabella and also with Roger the Mortimer ¶ but that availed not him but little. for he was taken at myhelmasse that though come next sewing after as he road toward the queen Isabella to london & sir Thomas wither smote of his heed besides the town of scent Albon ¶ And this sir Thomas duelled with sir Henri earl of Lancastre and he put him in hiding for dread of the queen for she loved him wonder much & prayed unto the king for him that the same Thomas might be exiled out of Englond. ¶ And the nobull earl sir Henri of Lancastre had oft times herd the common clamour of the Englishmen of the disease that were done in Englond and also for diverse wrongs that were done among the common pepull. of the which the king bore the blame with wrong. For he was but full young and tender of age. And thought as a good man for to done a way and slake the sklandre of the kings parson if that he might in any manner of wise: So as the king was there of nothing guilty. wherefore he was in peril of life and lime ¶ And so he assembled all his retenaunces and went and spoke unto them of the kings honour and also for to amend his estate And sir Thomas brotherton earl Marchall and sir Edmond of woodstock that were the kings uncles and also men of london made their oath him for to maintain in that same quarrel. ¶ And there cause wos this that the king should hold his house and his many as a king ought for to done and have all his riallti and that the queen Isabella should deliver out of her hand in to the kings hand all manner lordshippis rentis towns castles that apꝑtened unto the crown of england as other queens did her before and meddle with none other thing ¶ And also that sir Roger Mortimer should duel upon his own lands for the which lands he had holp to disherited much pepull so that common pepull were destroyed through wrongful taking: ¶ And also to inquire how & by whom thee king was betrayed and falsely deceived at Stanhop and through whose council that the Scotts went a way by night from thee king. ¶ And also how & through whose council the ordinance that was made at the kings coronation was put down that is to say that the king for amendment and helping of the ream & in honour of him should be governed and ruled by xij. of the greatest & wisest lords of the ream & with out them should no thing been granted ne done as before is said the which covenants maliciusli were put down fro the king. wherefore moni harms shames & reꝓues have fall to the king and his ream. And that is understand for as much as Edward sum time king of englon was ordained by assent of the commonalty in plain parliament for to be under the ward & governance of Henri earl of Lancastre his cousin for salvation of his body he was take out of the castle of Kemlworth there that he was in ward. and through colour of queen Isabella and of the Mortimer with out consent of any parliament they took & led him there that never after none of his kynrad might with him speak ne se and after tretoursly took and him murdered. For whose death arose a sclandre through all cristendom when it was done. ¶ And also the treasure that sir edward of Carnarivan had left in money places in Englond and in wales were wasted and borne away without the will of king Edward his son in destruction of him & all his folk Also through whose council that the king give up the kingdom of scotland For the which ream the kings ancestor's had full sore travail and so did money a nobull man for their right & was delivered unto David that wos Robert the Brus son all the right that no right had to the ream as all the world it witted. ¶ And also by whom the charters & remembrances that they had of the right of Scotland were take out of the treasury and taken unto the scots the kings enemies to disheriting of him and of his successors & to great harm unto his lieges & great reprove unto all englishmen for ever more ¶ Also wherefore Dame johana of the tower the kings sister Edward wos disꝑaged and marid unto David that was Robert the Brus son that was a traitor and enemy unto england & through whose council she wos take in to our enemies hands out of england ¶ And in the meyn while the good earl Henri of Lancastre & his company took council how thes points above said might be amended unto the worship of the king & to his perfect & to the perfect also of his lieges ¶ And the queen Isabella through coniecting & sotelti & also of the Mortimer let ordain a parliament at Salisberi ¶ And at that same parliament the Mortimer was made earl of the march against all the barons will of england in prejudice of the king & of his crown. & sir Iohn of Eltham the kings brother was gurt with a sword of cornwall & tho wos called earl of cornwall And ever more queen Isabella so much pracurid against her son the king that she had the ward of the foresaid sir Edward & of his landis·s ¶ And at that parliament the earl of Lancastre would not come but ordained all his power ayens queen Isabella & the mortime & men of london ordained them with v. hundreth men of arms. ¶ When queen Isabella wist of the doing she swore by god & by his names full angrily that in evil time he thought upon the points. ¶ though sent the queen Isabella & the Mortimer after their retene. & after the kings retinue. so that they had ordained among theem an huge host & they counseled the king so that upon a night they ridden twenty-three mile toward bedford the● that the earl of lancastre wos with his compani & thought to have him destroyed And that night she road by side the king her son as a knight armed for dread of death. ¶ And it was done the king to understand that the earl henri of lancastre & his company would have destroyed the king and his council for ever more wherefore the king was somdele towardis him heavy & annyed. ¶ When the earl marshal and the earl of kent the kings brother herd of this tiding they ridden so in message between them that the king granted him his peace to earl henri of lancastre for a certan ransom of xi. M. pound. but that wos never paid afterward. ¶ And thes were the lords that held with sir henri of Lancastre. sir Henri beamont sir Fouke fitzwaren: sir Thomas Rocelyn sir willm trussell sir Thomas wither. and about an hundreth knyggtis more that were to him concentid. & all though were exiled through council of queen Isabella & of the Mortimer. for the mortime weited for to have there lands if that he might through any manner coniecting for he was to covetous & had to much his will & that wos great pit. ¶ How king edward went over see for to do his homage unto the king of france for the duchy of Gnyhen. IT wos not long after that the king of france through council of his dousepe is sent to king Edward of england that he should cume to Paris and done his homage as reason it would for the duchy of Gnyhen ¶ And so through counsel of the lords of england king edward went over the see & at the ascension tide he come unto Paris the third year of his reign for to do his homage unto the king of france and the king underfeng his homage & made of him much joy & worship ¶ But when king Edward had made his homage hasteli he was sent for in to England through the queen Isabella his mother. & anon hastily he come again in to england upon whitsunday with out any taking leave of the king of france wherefore he wos wonder wroth. ¶ How sir Roger Mortimer bore him proudly & so high. ANd now shall ye here of sir Roger Mortimer of wygmore that dissired and covyted to be at an high a state so that the king granted him to be called earl of march through out all his lordship. ¶ And he become so proud and so hauteyne that he would lose & forsake the name that his ancestor's had ever before ¶ And for that encheason he let him call the earl of march and none of the comuns of england durst call him by name other name for he was called so through the kings cry that men should call him earl of the march ¶ And the Mortimer bore him so hauteyne & so proud that wonder it was for to wit. & also disguised him with wonder rich clothes out of all manner reason both of shapping & of wearing Where of the englishmen had great wonder how & in hot manner he might contrive or find such manner pride and they said amongs them all comenli that his pride should not long endure: ¶ And the same time sir Geffrey Mortimer the young that was the mortime son let him call king of folly & so it befell afterward in deed for he wos so full of pride & of writchednesse that he held a round table in wales to all men that thither come & contrefete the doing & the manner of king Arthur's table but openli he failed For the nobull king Arthur wos the most worthy lord of renown that was in all the world in his time & yet come never none such after. For all the nobull knights in all cristendome of deed of arms asayed dwelled with king Arthur & held him for their lord and soferens. ¶ And that wos well say for he conquered in battle a roman that wos called Froll & get of him the ream of france and killed him with his own hands ¶ And also he fought with a giant that wos called Dinabus & killed him that had ravished fair Eleyn that wos king Hocles niece king of little bretan. ¶ And afterward he killed in battle the emperor of Rome that wos called Lucy that had assembled against king Arthur for to fight with him so much pepull of romans & Phethis & saracens that no man could them number & he discomfited them all as the stori telleth ¶ And in the same time common loos sprung in England through coniecting & ordinance of the freres prechours that sir Edward of Carnarivan that wos king edward father of whom the geest telleth said that he was on live in the castle of Corf. wherefore all the commons all most of england were in sorrow & in dread wherefore that it were so or not For they witted not how traitoursly the mortime had him done mordrid. ¶ How Edmond of woodstock that was earl of kent & the kings brother edward of Carnarivan was heeded at wynchestre. ANd upon a time it befell so that sir edmond of woodstock earl of Kent spoke unto the pope johan the xxij. at Avignon & said that almight good had oft times done for Thomas love of Lancastre money great miraclls to money men and women that were through diverse maladies undone as unto the world and through his prayer they were brought unto their helnth. ¶ And so sir edmond prayed the pope herteli that he would grant him grace that the foresaid Thomas might be translated. But the pope said nay that he should not be translated unto the time that he were better certified of the clergy of england & sayne by their obedence what thing god had done for the love of Thomas of lancastre after the suggestion that the foresaid edmond earl of kent had unto him made ¶ And when this edmond saw that he might not speed of his purpose as touching the translation he prayed him of his council as toching sir edward of Carnarivan his brother & said that not long a gone he wos king of england what thing might best be done as toching his deliverance sith that a common fame is through england that he his on live & hole & safe. ¶ When the pope herd him tell that sir edward was on live he commanded the earl upon his benison that he should help with all the power that he might that he were delivered out of prisun & s●ue his body in all manner that he might. & for to bring this thing to an end he assoiled him & his company a pena & culpa & all though that holp to his deliverance. ¶ though took edmond of woodstock his leave of the pope & come again in to england. And when sir edmond was comen sum of the frere precheurs come & said that sir edward his brother yet wos on live in the castle of Corf under the keeping of Sir Thomas Gurnay. ¶ though sped him the foresaid Edmond as fast as he might till he come to the castle of Corf & acquainted him & spoke so fair with Iohn Daverell that was constable of the same castle and give him rich yefts to have acquaintance of him and to knaw of his council. ¶ And thus it befell that the foresaid sir edmond prayed specially to tell him privily of his lord his brother sir Edward if that he lived or were deed. and if he were on live he prayed of him once to have a sight ¶ And this sir johan Daverill was an high hearted man and full of courage & ansuerid shortly unto sir Edmond and sad that sir edward his brother was in health and under his keeping and durst show him unto no man sith it was defended him in the kings half edward that was edwardis son of Carnarivan and also through commandment of the queen Isabella the kings mother & of sir Roger Mortimer that he should show his body unto no manner man of the world save only unto them upon losing life and limb & disheriting of his heirs for ever more. ¶ But the falls traitor falsely lied for he was not in his ward but he wos take thence & lad unto the castle of berkeley through sir Thomas Gurnay through commandment of the Mortimer till that he was deed as before is said but sir edmond of woodstock wist nothing that Edward his brother was deed where upon he took a letter unto the king edward his brother as to his worthy lord. ¶ And underfeng the letter of him & be height him for to do his message with out any manner fail & with that sir edmond took leave of the foresaid Iohn & went in to his own contre & lordship in kent that he had theridamas ¶ And anon as this same iohn witted that sir edmond wos gone in to kent his own lordship anon he went in all the haste that he might fro the castle of Corf & comen unto sir Roger mortime & took him the letter that sir edmond of woodstock earl of kent had taken him closed & enseled with his own seal ¶ And wen sir roger mortime had underfeng the letter he unclosid it & saw what was contained therein & began it for to read whereof the beginning wos this ¶ worships & reverens with brother's legiance & subjection. Sir knight worsshipfull & dear brother if it you please I pray you heartily that ye be in good comforth for I shall so ordain for you that ye shall come out of prison & be delivered of that disease that ye be in. And understandeth of your great lordship that I have to me assentant almost all the great lords of england with all their apparel that is to say with armour with treasure with out number for to maintain your quarrel so farforth that ye shall be king again as ye were before and that they have suorne to me upon a book & as well prelatis as earls and barons: ¶ When sir Roger the Mortimer saw and understood the might and thee strength of the letter anon his heart for wrath 'gan bowl and evil heart bare toward sir Edmond of woodstock that was the earl of kent And with all the haste that he might he went unto Dame Isabella the queen that wos the kings mother & showed her sir Edward'S letter and his will and his purpose. And how that he had conjected and ordained to put down king edward of windsor her son of his rialte and of his kingdom. ¶ Now certis sir Roger qd she hath sir edmond done so now: by my father soul quod she I will been thereof avenged if that god grant me life and that in a short time ¶ And with that the queen Isabella went unto the king edward her son there he was: at thee parliament at wynchestre for to have a mend the wrongs and the trespasses that were done among the pepull in his ream. ¶ And though took she & showed him the letter that sir Edmond of woodstock earl of kent had made and enseled with his own seal. And bade him upon her benison that he should be a venged upon edmond: as upon his deadly enemy ¶ Thomas was the queen so wroth toward sir edmond the earl of kent. & cessid never to pray unto her son till that he had sent in all the haste after him ¶ And upon that the king sent by his letters after sir Edmond of woodstock that he should come and speak with him at wynchestre all manner thing left ¶ And when sir edmond saw that the king sent after him with his letters enselid he hasted him in all that he might till that he come unto wynchestre. but when the queen witted that ser edward was cumin to wynchestre though anon she prayed and so fast went unto the king edward her son that the good earl wos a rested anon and lad unto the bar before Robert of Hamond that wos coroner of the kings house hold and he associed unto him sir Roger the Mortimer & tho spoke the foresaid Robert and said. ¶ Sir Edmond earl of kent ye shall understand that it is done us to wit and principally unto our liege lord the kin Edward of england all mighty god him save and keep. that ye be his deadly enemy & a traitor: & also a common enemy unto the ream. and that ye have been a bout money day for to make prive deliverance of sir edward sum time king of england your brother the which was put down of his rialte by the common assent of all the lords of england in pesing of our lord the king estate and also of his ream. ¶ though ansuerid the good man & said. forsooth sir understandeth well that I was never traitor to my king ne to the ream. & that I do me on god and on all the world. & therefore be my kings leave I shall it pew and defend as a man aught for to do. ¶ though said Mortimer sir edmond it is so farforth know that it may not be well gaynsaid & that in presence of all that here be it shall be well proved. Now had this false Mortimer the same letter that sir Edmond had taken unto sir johan Daverill in the castle of Corf for to take to king Edward his brother that sir edmond witted not of ne supposed no thing that sir Iohn Daverell had been so false to deliver his letter in such wise unto the Mortimer and thought no manner thing of that letter. than mortime said to sir edmond & showed a letter sealed & axed him if that he knew that letter & the seal. ¶ This sir edmond looked there on & a vised him long time on the print of the seal for he might not see the letter with in what wos therein & witted well that it was his seal and thought that it had be some letter that had boar no great charge and thought no thing of that oder letter and said openly in hearing of them all ye forsooth this is my seal: & I will it not forsake ¶ Lo quod the mortime sires ye heareth all what he has said & that he knowleches him that this is his letter and his seal and now ye shall here all what is contained there in ¶ And than this mortime opened the letter that he had folden afore to gether and red it openli word be word in hearing of them all ¶ And when the letter was red he said lo sires ye have herid all that here is written & that he hath knowlecheth that this is his letter and his seal & he may not go there fro ¶ And than they cried & gave doom that he should be hanged and draw and his heed smitten of in manner of a traitor and he and his heirs disherited for ever more And so he was lad forth and put in to prison ¶ And when this wos done and the queen witted that he wos dampened by way of law both of life and limb and his heirs disherited for ever more through open knowle ching in plain court. ¶ Wherefore them thought that it were good that the foresaid sir edmond were hasteli killed with out witting of the king or else the king lightly would for yef him his death and than it should turn them to much sorrow so as he wos enpeched. ¶ And anon the queen through council of the Mortimer and with out any other council sent in haste to the Balifs of winchester that they should smite of sir Edmond heed of woodstock earl of Kent with out any manner of biding or respite up pain of life and lime and that he should have none other execution be cause of tarrying not withstanding the judgement. though token the balifs sir Edmond out of prison and lad him beside the castle of wynchestre and there they made a gong fermer smite of his heed for none other durst it done & so died he there Alas the while. that is to say the x. day of October the iij. year of king Edwardis reign and when the king witted there of. he wos wonder sori & let entire him at the frere minors at wynchestre. ¶ Of the death of sir Roger mortime earl of march. ANd so it befell at that time that sir Roger Mortimer earl of the march was so proud and see hauteyn that he held no lord of the ream his peer. and though become he so covetous that he followed Dame Isabella the queens court that wos king Edwardis mother and beset his penyworthiss with the offics of the queens housold in the same manner that the kings officers did and so he made his taking as toching victuals and also of cariagis. & all he did for because of spensis and for to gather treasure and so he did with out number in all that he might ¶ though made he him wonder prive with the queen Isabella & so much lordship & reteneu had: so that all the great lords of england of him were adread. Wherefore the king & his council towardis him were aggrieved & ordained among them to undo him through pure reason & law for cause that king edward that was the kings father traitoursly through him was murdered in the castle of Berkeley as bofore is said more planly in the same part of this book of his death ¶ And sum that were of the kings concell loved the martimer: and told him in privity how that the king & his council were about from day to day him for to shend and undone. wherefore the Mortimer was sore annoyed & angri as the devil ayens them that were of the kings council & said he would of than been avenged how so ever he took on. ¶ It was not long afterward that kind Edward & Dame Phelip his wife & Dame Isabella the kings mother & sir Roger mortime ne went unto Notyngham there for to sodiorne. & so it befell that the queen Isabella through council of the Mortimer took to her the keys of the yatis of the castle of Nottingham so that no man might come neither in ne out by night but through commandment of the Mortimer ne the king ne none of his council. ¶ And that t●me it fell so that the Mortimer as a devil for wroth bolled. and also for wrath that he had against the kings men edward & principally ayenest them that had him accused to the king of the death of sir Edward his father ¶ And puely a council was take bitwen queen isabell & the Mortimer & the bishop of Lyncoln & sir Symond of Beford & sir Hugh of Trumpyngton and oder prive of their council for to undone them all that had accused the Mortimer unto the king of his fathers death of treason and of felony: ¶ Wherefore all though that were of the kings council when they wisten of thee mortimers casting privily come to king edward & said that the mortime would them destroy for cause that they had him accused of king edwardis death his father. & prayed him that he would maintain them in their right. ¶ And thes were the lords to pursue this quarrel sir william of mountagu sir Humphrey de bo●hun sir william his brother sir Rauf of Stafford sir Robert of Hereford sir willm of Clinton sir Iohn Nevil of hornby & money other of their consent and all thes sworen upon a book to maynten the quaril in as much as they might. ¶ And it befell so after that sir william montagu ne none of the kings friends must nat be herbrugged in the castle for the mortimer· but went and took there herbrughe in diverse places in the town of Notyngham. ¶ And though were they sore adread lest that mortime should them destroy And in hast they come unto king Edward ser william mountagu though that he wos in the castle. and privily him told that he ne none of his company should not take the mortime with out council & help of willmm of Eland constabul of the same castle. Now certes qd the king I love you well: and therefore I council you that ye go to the foresaid constabull and command him in my name that he be your fiend and your help for to take the Mortimer all thing I left upon peril of life and limb. ¶ though said mountaygu sir my lord grount mercy. ¶ though went forth the foresaid montaygu & come to the cunstabull of the castle & told him the kings will. ¶ And he ansurid & said the kings will should be done in as much as he might. and that he would not spare fore no manner death and so he swore & made his oath ¶ Thomas said sir willm mountagu to the conestabull in hearing of all them that were helping unto the same quarrel. ¶ Now certis dear friend us behoveth to worch & do by your quentyse for to take the mortime sith that ye be keeper of the castle and haveth the keys in your ward sir quoth the constabull will ye understand that the gates of the castle been lokked with the lockis that Dame isabell send hither and be night she hath the keys thereof & lieth them under the levesell of the bed unto the morrow and so ye may not come in to the castle by the yates in no manner of wise. ¶ But I know an alley that stretcheth out of the ward under the earth in to the foresaid castle that goth in to the west. which alley Dame Isabella the queen ne none of her men ne the Mortimer ne none of his company knoweth it not: ¶ And so I shall lead you through that alley and so ye shall come in to thee castle with out aspieng of oni man that been your emnies ¶ And thee same night sir willm mountagu & all the lords of his quarrel & the same constabul also went them to horse & made semblant as it were for to wend out of the mortime sight. ¶ But anon as the mortime herd this tiding he went that they would have gone over see for dread of him and anon he & his company token council amongs them for to let their passage & sent letters anon to thee ports so that none of the great lords should wend home to their own country but if they were arrested & take: ¶ And among oder things willm Eland constable of the foresaid castle privily lad sir william mountagu and his compain by the foresaid way under the earth so till they come in to the castle and went up in to the tour there that Mortimer was in. ¶ But sir hugh of Trumpyngton them ascried hidously and said. A traitors it is all for nought that ye be comen unto this castle. ye shall die yet an evil death everyone. and anon on of them that was in Mountagu is company up with a mace and smote the same hugh upon the heed that the brain breast out and fell on the ground and so was he deed an evil death. ¶ though took they the Mortimer as he armed him at the towers door when he hard the noise of them for dread And when the queen Isabella saw that the Mortimer was taken she made much sorrow in heart and thes words unto them said: ¶ Now fair sires I pray you that ye don no ne harm to his body a worthy knight our well-beloved friend & our dear cousin. ¶ though went they thence and come and brought the mortime and presentid him unto the king Edward and he commanded to bring him in safe ward But anon as they that were consent unto the Mortimers doing herd tell that he was taken they went and hid them and privily by night went out of the town each in his side with heavy heart and morning and lived upon their lands as well as they might ¶ And so that same year that the Mortimer was take he had at his retene ix. score knights with out squires and sergiaunties of arms and foot men ¶ And though was the mortime lad to london And sir Symond of Beford was lad with him and was take to the conestabull of the tour to keep. ¶ But afterward wos the mortimers liif examined at westmynstre before the king and before all the great lords of england for peril that might fall to the ream & to inquire also which were assenting to sir edwardis death the kings father. & also through whom the scots ascappid from stanhope in to scotland with out the will of king edward. ¶ And also how the chartre of ragman was delivered unto the scots wherein the homage & feautes of scotland were contained: that the scots should done ever more to the english king for the ream of scotland wherefore in his absence he was dampened to be draw and hanged for his treason: & this mischief come unto him on sent Andrew's even in the year of incarnation of our lord Ihu christ. M.ccc. & thirty. ¶ How king edward get again unto him grociously the homages and feautes of Scotland where of he was put out through falls council of Isabella his mother and sir Roger Mortimer that was new made earl of march. NOw ye have hard lords how sir johan Bailloll in the time of peace was chosen to be king of Scotland for encheason that he come of the eldest daughter of the earl David of Hontington that wos king Alexandre brother of Scotland that died with out heir of his body begotten. And how this johan made feaute & homage to king Edward Henris son the iij. for his land●s of scotland And how he afterward withsaid his homage through council of the scots in the year of our lord a. M.cc: & lxxiiij. & sent unto the pope through a false suggestion that he made his oath unto the foresaid king edward over his estate & his will of which oath the pope him assoilled through his bulsis to him y sent: ¶ And a none as king edward witted there of he ordained anon his barons & come unto Berewike & conquerid the town. at which conquest there were sloyn xxvM. & vijC. and the balliol that was king of scotland con & yield him to good king edward. & the king afterward delivered him out of the tower of london. And all the great lords of Scotland with him that though were taken at Berewik and give them safe condithis to gone in to scotland. ¶ And the scots sigh through their falseness wered upon good king edward. ¶ And when sir johan balliol king of scotland saw all this he went over the see unto Dunpier and lived there upon his own lands as well as he might till that the scots would amend them of thermisdediss and trespass: & lad with him sir edward his son wherefore the Scotts in despite of him called him sir johan Turnlabard for became that he would not offend ne trespass ayens the good king edward of england ¶ And so he for soak his Ream of Scotland & set that of but little price: ¶ And this sir Iohn long time duelled in france till that he died there: And sir Edward his son underfeng his heritage and did homage unto the king of france for his lands of Dunpier and so it fell afterward that Edward that was Iohn Bailloll son had with him a squire of england that wos borne in yorkshire that was called Iohn of Barnabi & this Edward balliol loved him much & was ny him & full prive. ¶ And so this Iohn of barnaby was in debate with a french man in the town of Dunpier & so he killed him & went in his wai in all the haste that he might in to the Castle for to have succour & help of his lord ¶ And anon come the officers of the town to take johan of Barnaby as a fellow & sir edward his lord holp him & rescued him & by night made him wend out of the castle & so he went his way & come in to england with out any harm. ¶ And when the king of france saw that sir Edward had rescued his fellow he become wonder wroth ayens sir Edward and anon let him be arrested & took in to his hand all his lands ¶ though duelled sir Edwar in prison unto the time that sir Henri of Beaumond come in to france the which Henri sum time was earl of angoes in scotland through his wife & wos put out of the foresaid earldom when the accordment was between Englond and Scotland thurhh the queen isabell and sir Roger Mortimer and their copani for the marriage that she made between David that wos Robert the Brus son & Dame johana at tour king Edwardis sister of england & well understood this that at the end he should come to his right but if it were through sir edward Bailloll that was right heir of the ream of Scotland ¶ And the king of france Louis loved much this sir Henri and he was with him full prive and thought for to make a deliverance of sir Edward Baillolls body if he might in any manner of wise. ¶ though prayed he the king that he would grant him of his grace sir Edward Baillolls body unto the next parliament that he might live with his own rentis in the meyn time and that he might stand to be judged by his peris at the parliament ¶ And the king granted him his prayer and made the foresaid Edward to be delivered out of prison in the manner above said. And anon as he wos out of prison. sir Henri took him forth with him and lad him to england and made him duel privily at the manner of sandhall up onse in yorkshire with the lady vescy & so he ordained him there an huge retenaunce of people of englishmen & also of aliens for to conquer again his heritage. ¶ And so he give much silver unto the soldiers & to aliens for to help him: ¶ And they behight for to help him in that they might. but they failed him at his most need. ¶ And at that time Donald earl of Morrif herd tell how that sir Edward balliol wos privily come in to england and come to him and made with him great joy of his coming again and said unto him & behight him that all the great lords of england should be to him entendant and should him hold for king as right heir of scotland and did to him homage & feaute. ¶ Thomas come sir Henri of Beaumond to king Edward of england & prayed him in way of charity that he would grant of his grace unto sir Edward bailloll that he might saufly gone by land from Sandhall unto scotlond for to conquer his right heritage in scotland: ¶ The king ansuerid & said. if that I suffer the Bailloll wend through my land in to scotland than the pepull would say that I should be assenting unto the company ¶ Now sir I pray you that ye would yef him leave to take with him soldiers of englishmen that they might saufly lead him through your land unto scotland. ¶ And sir upon this covenant that if it so befall that god it forbid that he be discomfited in battle through the Scotts. that I and also all the lords that holden with Bailloll been for evermore out of your rentis that we have in england ¶ And there the king upon this covenant granted their bone as touching him & though that were of the same quarrel the which claimed for to have lands or rentis in the ream of Englond. ¶ And thes were the names of the lords that pursued this matter: that is to say sir Edward the balliol that challenged the ream of Scotland sir Henri Beammont earl of Angos sir David of Stroboly earl of Atheles sir Geffrey of monbray: Walter Comyn & money oder that were put out of their heritage in Scotland when the peace wos made between england and scotland as before is said. ¶ And ye shall understand that thes lords took with them v. hundreth men of arms & ij. thousand archers and of foot men & tho went in to ship at ravenspore and sailed by the se till that they come unto scotland & come to land at kynkehorne xij. mile from scent johanes town: and anon sent out there ships again for they should not be hurt ne empayrid nether that no man should go in to the ships again though that they had need but a bidden all ꝑrillis & not i'll but stand and rather suffer death than flee for to maintain there true quarrel ¶ When the Earl of Fife a fierce man & a stern herd that the balliol was common for to take the land of scotland he come in haste to kynghorn with xij. thousand scots to destroy him that he should not come to land. ¶ But sir Edward Bailloll & his company there him descomfited at the which discomfiture sir Alesander of seton was there killed & money oder. ¶ The earl of Fife was tho sore & full ill a shamed that so little a company had him discomfited & shamly put him & all his company that was a live for to flee. ¶ Thomas come sir Edward balliol & token the country all about him till he come unto the Abbey of Dunfermilyn & there he found vitallis for him & for his folk & among all other things he fond in a chambre a bout v. hundreth of great staves of fine oak with long pykis of iron & of steel: & he took them & delivered them to the most strongest men of his company ¶ And anon after he went fro thence and logged him in a field ij: mile from scent johanes town and when the burgies of the town herd how the Earl of Fife was discomfited through the balliol they were sore adr●d and br●ken their brugges that they head made over the water of earn so that the balliol might not gone over wherefore he lodged him there all that night but little heed he took of rest and said unto his pepull ¶ Now dear lords ye know full well that we be now logged between our enemies and if they may us hampre theridamas is no boat but death wherefore if we abide here still all this night I leave that it shall turn us to much sorrow and harm. For the power of scotland may every day wax and increase & we may not so done And we be but little pepull as against them. ¶ Wherefore I pray you for the love of almighty god make we us bold and hardy and that we may mighteli take the scots this night and boldly were upon them and let us pursue them this night & if they be traveled through us and see our heidines: oder scots that see them so traveled and weary the sorer will they be adread with us for to fight and fiercely than we shall fight with them & on them pursue so that through the grace of god almighty all the world shall speak of the doughtiness of our chivalry. ¶ And sire's understandeth well that all the company that comen with sir Edward Bailloll granted well unto that council and werther of right glad: and anon pursued upon the scots that they becomen wonder weary. ¶ And the balliol & his company sore followed them & did then much harm & sorrow. through their assault so that they might not for febull them help and for little pepull ¶ But tho said the scots amongs them what is now befall that so little a pepull as the balliol hath in wing done us so much travel and sorrow. ¶ Now certes it seemeth us that he wyrketh by grace. for he is wonder gracious in his quarrel & we certes shall be deed or that we may come to him us for to yield sith that his father set of us no price. ¶ And among all other things the Bailloll & his pepull passed the water of Erne so that sir Roger of Swynerton the son was fierce and angri and went forth. & they saw pepull of arms full well arrayed and forth they went unto them & with them fought and kyled or take as money as would abide ¶ And nothles at that assault they wend it had been the great host of scotland ¶ And when it come to the morrow they gathered them to gether and rested them a while. but the while that the englishmen rested them the nobull baron Thomas of vescy and the nobull baron of stafford prikked their horse up & down by the hills for to keep the Estres of the country And as they pricked up and down they saw a great oft of good array ordained in their wings with helmys & shields shining coming upon them ¶ And there come though two lords again unto Baillollis folk. & said. Now for the love of god almighty been of good con: forth. for ye shall have battle anon right ¶ And though spoke sir Fouk the son of Gareyne a baron of great renown & of deed of arms ¶ Sirris lordings understand what I will say. I have sayne money diverse wings as well among sarisens' & jews as among the scots. And yet saw I never the fourth part of the wing fight & there far if ye will abide our enemies we be enough for to fight ayens them. But if we be not of good heart and of good will for to fight with them. for certis we been full few against this company ¶ And therefore for the love of god take to us good heart & let us been bold & think we never on our wives ne on our children. but onli to conquer our enemies in battle. ¶ And through the help of our lord god we shall them over cum. ¶ And with that come the host of the scots towardis them full serely & ayens sir Edward Bailloll in iij. batai●les well arrayed in armure ¶ And wonder fiercely they come toward the bailluls company. But when sir Donald earl of Marcill that was with the scots saw all this he said unto Robert Brus the son of Robert the brus thes words: ¶ Sir Robert qd he full sore me forethinketh at my heart that thes pepull that the balliol hath brought with him should die with dint of scots swerdis sith that they be cristyn men as well as we been. ¶ And therefore me think that it were great charity to send unto them for to yield them unto our mercy & ransom them through grevos ransom for as much as they have taken our land and done ill. ¶ Now certes quoth sir Robert the Brus I have well ꝑsaved that thou art an enemy & a traitor unto scotland sith that thou will consent to save our dedeli enemies that hath done us much sorrow & shame & now it seemeth well that ye been of their assent ¶ Now certes Robert quoth sir Donald falsely ye lie: I am not of their company ne of their consent and that hastily ye shall see. For I will fight with them rather than any of this compani. ¶ And certis sir Robert said he I shall in maugri of thy heed assaill them or thou: ¶ And with that they pricked their steeds fiercely upon Caskemore. & there wing them followed on a renge. & tho come they & met the balliol & his company at a honging bough of the more in a strat passage & so fast they hasted them unto the englishmen: so that thousands fell to the ground each over other in to an heap both horse & man. ¶ The balliol & his men mightily stood against them & fast killed the scots to the ground & money they sore wounded so long till that they stod upon them & foined them with their suerdis & speris through the● bodies & so sore travaled upon them till that they become wonder weri & witted not what for to do and the scots that were left an live fled away for to save themself in the best manner that they might ¶ And though pursued them sir edward Bailloll & his men and killed of them till it was night. & fro thence they went to sent iohanes town & took it & held them there & vitailed themself at their own will for they founden enough wherewith to make them meri. ¶ though made the balliol his men that were wondid go to ship for to wend in to england to hele their wounds ¶ And in that time there was a fleming in the see a strong thief & a robber that wos called Crab. ¶ And this fleming was driven out of flanders for his wikkednes. & therefore he come in to scotland to hold with the Scotts and did as much harm unto thee englisshmmen as he might: ¶ And this Crab met the balliol men in the se that were wounded before in battle that were sent again in to england for to hele their wound●s. & this Crab gave unto them a great assault and would have killed them everyone but the englishmen defended them well & manly and discomfited crab and his company. ¶ And though 'gan he i'll in to scotland and as he come toward scent johanes town he fond a great company of scots that were comen again to gether after the discomfiture of Gaskemore the which besieged Bailloll and his men in the same town of scent Iohn and anon told the scots how that he wos discomfited of the englishmen that were wounded at gaskemore that went toward england for to he'll there wounds and said to the scots that they should have no power ne might ne grace a yens edward Bailloll for encheason that he scomfited & empired all the chivalri of Scotland with an handful of men as to account as a yens the Scotts that were slain. Wherefore he counseled to remove the siege from scent johanes town and keep them in the best manner that they could and might. ¶ The scots understood that crab said sooth & forsook the siege and went thence by night & help themself in the best manner that they might ¶ When this thing wos know through scotland how that the lords & knights were discomfited at gaskemore of scotland through sir edward the balliol. ¶ Ye shall understand that the lords & ladies & the gentiles of Scotland come wonder fast to sent johanes' town and yelnd them unto the Baillol and to him did homage and feaute for their lands & yield them to his peace. and he them received freely. ¶ And fro thence he went to the abbey of Scone and there he was crowned king of scotland And after he let cry his peace through out all the land ¶ And at that same time it befell that king Edward held his parliament among his lieges at the new castle up Tyne for to amend the trespasses and the wrongs that had be done in his land. & sir edward the balliol king of scotland come to him thither and did to him feaute and homage for the ream of scotland. ¶ And in this manner king edward of england gathered again his homages and feautes of scotland where of he was put out through council and assent of Dame Isabella his mother and of sir Roger Mortimer earl of the march. though took bailloll king of scotland his leave of king Edward of england & went thence in to his own land of Sotland and set but little by them that had counciled him and helped him in his quarrel. wherefore they went fro him and went and live by their lands and rentis in scotland ¶ And so it befell afterward not long that the king of Scotland ne removed and come to the town of Anand: & their token his duelling and thither come to him a company of knights strong men and worthy and yield them unto the king. and bear them so fair in deed & in countenance. so that he trustid much upon them. ¶ And anon as the traitors saw that he trust much upon them▪ they ordained amongs them l in a company. & would have kyled their lord the king ¶ But through the grace of almighty god he braken through a wall an hole in his chambre. and as god would ascappid their treachery and all his men were killed. and he ascappid with much dread unto the town of Cardoil and theridamas held him sore annoyed. and this befell in our ladies eve the concepcion· ¶ Thomas sent king Edward the balliol to king Edward of england how falsely & tratoursly he was in little time put to shame & sorrow through his liege men. upon whom he trustid wonder much. & prayed him for the love of god that he would maintain him & help him against his enemies. ¶ The king of england had of him great pit. & behight to help him and succour him: & sent him word that he should hold him in peace still in the foresaid Cite of Cardoill till that he had gathered his power: ¶ though ordained king Edward of Englond a council at london and let gather his men in diverse shires of england. and when he wos all redi he went toward thee town of Berewill upon tweed and thither come unto him king Edward balliol of Scotland with his power and besieged the town. and made with out the town a fair town of pavilions. and ●iked them all about so that they had no dread of thee scots: and made money assault with gonnys and with other engines to the town. wherewith they destroyed money fair houses and churches also were bet down unto the earth with great stones that spituusly come out of gonnies and of other engines. And notheles the scots kept well the town that tho two kings might not come therein long tyme. ¶ And notheles the kings abide there so long till though that were in the town failed vitales. and also they were so weary of waking that they witted what for to done. ¶ And ye shall understand that the scots that were in the town of Berewik through common council and their assent let cry upon the walls of the town that they might have peace of the englishmen. & there of they prayed the king of his grace and mercy and prayed him of truce for viij. days upon this covenant that if they were not rescued in that side of the town toward scotland of the scots with in viij days that they would yield them unto the king and the town also. ¶ And to hold this covenant they proferid to the king xij hostages out of the town of berewik. ¶ When the hostages were delivered unto the king anon though of the town send unto the scots and told them of their sorrow and mischief. ¶ And thee scots come tho privily over the water of Twed to the bought of the abbey And sir willm Dyket that wos tho steward of scotland and money other that come with him put them there in great peril of them self at that time of their life. For they come over a brugge that wos to broken and the stones away and money of their company were there drenched but the foresaid willm went over and other of his company and come by the ships of england & killed in a barge of hul xvi. men And after they went in to the town of berrewik by the water side. ¶ Wherefore the scots held though the town rescued & asked their hostages again of the king of england. ¶ And thee king sent them word again that they axed the hostages with wrong sith that they come in to the town of england side. for covenant was between them that the town should be rescued by the half of Scotland ¶ And anon king Edward though commanded to yield the town or he would have the hostage. ¶ And the scots said the town was rescued well enough and there to they would them hold. ¶ When king Edward saw the scots break their covenant that they made he wos wonder wroth and anon let take sir Thomas fitzwillm & sir Alexander of seton warden of Berewik the which Thomas wos person of Dunbar and let them be take first afore that other hostages For encheason that sir Alexander father was keeper of the town. ¶ And though commanded every day ij. hostages of the town till that they were all done to death but if they yield the town. ¶ And so he should teach them for to break their covenants ¶ And when though of the town herd thes things they becomen wonder sori and sent to the king of england that he would grant them other viij. days of respite. so that bitwen though hundreth men of arms and xx· men of arms might be strength gone between them to the town of Berewyk them for to vital that the town must be hold for rescued ¶ And if so were that. xxi. or xxij. or more were slain of tho hundredth beforesaid that the town should not be holden for rescued. And this covenant to be holden they sent to him other xij. of the foresaid town in hostage ¶ The king of england granted them their prayer and token the hostages on sent Margaretis eve. In the year of grace a M.CCC. & xxxij. the scots come fiercely in iiij. wengis well a raid in arms for to meet king Edward of england & Edward the king of scotland & with their power & come fast & sharply against evensong time & the same time wos flood at berewik in the water of twed that no man might wend over on his horse nor on foot. and the water was between the ij. kings and the ream of england. & that time abiden the scortis in that othir side for encheason that the englishmen should have been drenched or slain ¶ This was the array of the Scotts how that they comen in battle against the ij. kings of england and scottelaund. In the vaunt ward of scotland were thes lords. THe earl of Morif. james Frisell. Symond Frisell: walter Stiward. Reynold Cheyn. Patrick of graham johan le grant. james of Cardoill. Patrick Parkers. Robert Caldecottes. Phelip of Melledrum. Thamas Gilbert. Ralph wiseman. Adam Gurdon jamis Gramat. Robert Boid. hugh park. with xl. knights new dubbed. & viC. men of arms and iijM. of communes. ¶ In the frist part of the half battle were thighs lords ¶ The steward of scotland. The earl of morie iamis his uncle. Willm Douglas. david of Lyndesei Mancolin fleming. Willm of Kethe Dunken Kamboke with thirty. bacheleris new dubbed ¶ In the second part of the battle were thes lords ¶ james steward of Colden Aleyn steward willm Abbrehyn. willm Morris. iohn fitz willm. Adam le mose. walter fitz Gilbert. iohn of Cerlton Robert walham with vijC. men of arms and xvijM. of communes ¶ In the iij. part of the battle of scotland were thes lords: The earl of Ma●rethe earl of Rof the earl of Straherne the earl of sotherland: willm of kyrkkeley. iohn Cambron Gilbert of Hay willm of Ramsey willm prendegest Kyrstyn hardde willm Gurdon Arnold guard Tomas dolphin with xl. knights new dubbed ixC. men of arms & xvM. of communes ¶ In the iiij ward of the battle of scotland werthes lords. Archebald Douglas the earl of Lenevax Alexander librus the earl of Fif iohn Cambell earl of atheles Robert Lawether Willm of vipount willm of Lonstone iohan de Labelns Groos de Sherenlawe iohan de lindsay Alexander de grey. In gram de umfreville Patrick de polesworth David de wymes Michael scot Willm Landy Thomas de boys Roger the Mortimer with xx. Bachelors new dubbed ix. hundreth men of arms xviijM. and iiij. hundreth of comunes ¶ The earl of Dunbar keeper of the castle of Be●rewik holp the scots with l men of a●mes ¶ And sir Alexander of seten keeper of the foresaid town of Berrewike with an hundreth men of arms. & also the conmune: ris of the town with iiij. hundreth men of arms and with them viij hundreth of foot men: ¶ The soume of the earls and lorddis above said ammounteth lxvi: ¶ The soume of bachelors new dubbed ammounteth to an hundreth and xl ¶ The soume of men of arms ammouteth to iijM.C. ¶ the some of of the commoners ammounteth to liijM. & ij C: ¶ The some total of the pepull above said ammounteth lviM.vij .vijC.xlv. ¶ And thes lxvi: great lords laden all the other great lords above said in iiij. battles as it is told before all on foot ¶ And king edward of england & edward bailloll king of scotland had well appareled their folk in iiij. battles for to fight on foot ayens the scots there enmys: ¶ And the englishmen minstrels blew their trumps and their pipes and hidously ascried the scots: ¶ And though had every english battle ij. wings of price archers the which at that battle shot arrows so fast and so sore that the scots might not help themself. and they smitten the scots thousands unto the ground And they gun for to i'll fro the englishmen for to save their lives: ¶ And when the english knaves saw the scomfiture and the scots fall fast to the ground they priked their master's horse with the spurs for to keep them fro peril & set their masters at no force ¶ And wen the englishmen saw that they lepten on their horse and fast pursued the scots and all that abiden they killed down rigth. There men might see the doughtiness of the nobull king edward and of his men how manly they pursued the scots that flown for dread: ¶ And there men might see money a scottishmen cast down unto the ground deed & there banners displayed hacked in to pieces: and money a good haberione of steel in their blood bathe ¶ And money a time the Scotts were gathered in to companies but ever more they were descomfited ¶ And so it be fell as god almighty would that the scots had that day no more foison ne might against the englisshme than xx: sheep should have ayens v: wolves and so were the Scotts discomfited. And yet the Scotts had weal: v. men against on Englishman. ¶ And that battle was done on Halidoun-hill▪ beside the town of Berewik at the which battle were slain of the Scotts xxxv. M. & .vijC.xij. & of englishmen but onli xiv. and though were fotmen ¶ And this victori befell to the englishmen on sent Margaretis eve. In the year of the Incarnation of our lord Ihu christ a. M.CCC.xxxij: ¶ And while this doing lastid the English pages took the pilfry of the Scotts that were killed every man that he might take with out any challenging of any man. ¶ And so after this gracious victori the king turned him again unto the same siege of berewik. And when they besieged saw & herd how king Edward had sped. They yoleden to him the town with the castle on the morn after sent Margaretis day. ¶ And than the king ordained sir Edward Bailloll with other nobull and worthy men to be keepers and governors of Scotland in his absence. & himself turned again & come in to england after this victori with much joy and worship. ¶ And in the next year sewing that is for to say in the year of Incarnation of our lord Ihu christ a thousand CCC. & xxxiij. and of king Edward vij· he went again in to scotland in winter tyme. at which voyage the Castill of Kilbrigge in scotland for him & his men that with him come he recovered and had against the Scotts. all at his own lust: ¶ And in that same year sir Edward Bailloll king of Scotland held his parliament in scotland with moni nobull lords of england that were at that same parliament for encheason of their lands & also lordshippis that they had in the ream of scotland & helden all of that same balliol. ¶ And in the viij. year of his reign about the fest of scent johan baptist sir Edward Bailloll the very and true king of scotland as by heritage and right line made his homage and fealty unto king edward of england for the Ream of Scotland at the new castle upon Tyne in the presence of money a man worthy lords & also of comunes both of the ream of england and also of scotland. and a none after in the same year king Edward of england received of the Duke of Bretan his homage for the earldom & lordship of Richemond ¶ And so following in the ix. year of his rene after Mihelmasse King Edward road in to scotland and there was fast by scent johanes town almost all the winter time and so he held his Cristemasse at the Castle of Rokesburgh. ¶ And in the same year through out all england about sent Clementis tide in winter there arosen such a springing and welling up of waters and also of slodis both of the see and also of fresh reveries & springis that the see banks walls & costs break up that men bestis & houses in money places & namely in low cuntres violentli & suddenly were drenchid. ¶ And frutis driven away of the earth through continuance & abundance of waters of the see ever more afterward were turned in to more saltenes & sowrnes of savour. The x. yer of king edward regne king edward entered the scots see after midsummer & to money of the scots he give battle & over con them & moan he treated and boved unto his pes through his doughtynesse· ¶ And after mihelmasse than next following wos the earl of Morif take at Edinburgh & borough in to england & put in to prison. ¶ And in the months of june & julij than next following in the xi year of his regne was seen & aperid in the firmament a bemed star the who clerks call stella Comata & that star wos sayne in diverse ꝑtes of the firmament. ¶ Where after anon there followed in england good cheap and wonder great plenty of all cheffar victual and merchandise. and there ayens hunger scarcity mischief & need off monay ¶ In so much that a quarter of wheat at london was sold for ij. shilling and a good fat ox at a nobull & v: good dove briddis for a pene in which year died sir Iohn of eltham earl off cornwall that was king edwardis brother & lieth at westminstre. ¶ How king Edward made a duchy of the earldom of cornwall & also of vi. other earls that were new made & of the frist challenge of the kingdom of france. IN the year of our lord a. thousand CCC. & xxxvij. & of king Edward xij. in the month of march during the parliament at westmynstre in lent time king Edward made of the earldom of cornwall a duchy and let it call the duchy of cornwall the which duchy he give unto Edward his frist son with the earldom of Chestre. ¶ And also king Edward made at that same time vi other erll: that is for to say sir Henri earl of Lancastre son earl of leicester willm of Boghun earl of Northhamton villm of Mountagu earl of Salusberi. ¶ Hugh of Awdell earl of Glocestre ¶ Robert of ufford earl of Southfolke and willm of Clyton earl of Huntyngton: ¶ And in that same year it wos ordained in the same parliament that no man should were no cloth that wos wrought out of england as cloth of gold ne of silk or velvet or Damask or Satin Baudkin ne none such other ne none wild ware ne Furrure of beyond the se. but such as might spenden. C. pound of rent by year: But this ordinance and statute wos but of little effect. For it was nothing holden. ¶ In the xiij: year of his reign king Edward went over see in to Braban with queen Philip his wife there bearing a child at Andewerp there he duelled more than a year for to treat with the duke of Braban & other allied unto him of thee chalanging of the kingdom of France to king Edward of england by right & by heritage after the death of Karoll the great king of France brother Germayne of queen Isabella king edwardis mother the which was holden & occupied unrightful by Philip of Valois the emes son of the king Karoll the which Duke & all his. in the foresaid things and all other longing there to with all his men & goods king edward fond ready unto him and made & beheighten him surety by good faith and trust. and after that the king hasted him in to Englond again and left there the queen still behind him in Braban. ¶ Than in the xiv: year of his reign when all the lords of his ream and other that fallen to be at his parliament were called and assembled to gether in the same parliament holden at london after the fest of sent helarie. ¶ The kings needs were put forth and promoted as touching the kingdom of france. For which nediss to be sped the king axed the fifth part of all the movable goods of england and the wools & the ix: sheef of every corn. And all lords of every town where sich things should be taxed and gathered. should answer to the king there of. and he had it and held it at his own lust and will. Wherefore if I shall knowlech the very truth. the inner love of the pepull was turned in to hate and the common prayers in to cursing. for cause that the common pepull were so strongly grieved. ¶ Also the foresaid Phelip valois of france had gathered unto him a great host & destroyed their in his parties and kingdom money of the kings friends of england with towns and Castles and money other of their lordeshippis and money harms shames and dispites did unto thee queen. Wherefore king Edward when he herd this tding wos strongly moved and therewith an angered. and sent diverse letters over see to the queen and to other that were his friends gladding them certefieng them that he would be there himself in all the haste that he might ¶ And anon after Ester won he had sped of all things that to him needed to have. he went over the se again. ¶ Of whose coming the queen and all his friends were wonder glad and made much joy. And all that were his enemies and against him held. made as much sorrow. ¶ In the same time thee king through council of his true lieges and council of his lords that there were present with him took the king of fraunces name. and took & meddled the kings arms of france quartled with the arms of england. & commanded forth with his coyen of gold under description and writing of the name of england & of france to be made best that might be and that is to say the floreyn that was called the nobull price of vi. shilling & viij. pens & the sterling & the half nobull of the value of iij. shillings & iiij. pens and the farthings of value xx. pens. ¶ How King Edward come unto the scluys and discomfited all the power of france in the haven. ANd in the next year after. that is to say the xv year of his rene. he commanded & let writ in his charters write & other letters the date of the reign of france frist. And while that he wos thus doing & traveling in france through his council he wrote to all the prelates Dukis earls & barons. & the nobull lords of the country. & also to diverse of the common pepull diverse letters & mandments bearing date at Gandaune the viij. day of februari. And anon after with in a little time he come again in to england with the queen & her children ¶ And in the same year on midsummer eve he begun to sail toward france again. & manly & stiffly fell upon Phelip of valois thee which long time lay & had gathered to him a full long & boustous meinie of diverse nations in the haven of Scluys. & there they fought together the king of france & he with there hosts fro midday to iij. of the cloak in the morn. in which battle were slain thirty. thousand men of the kings company of france & money sh̄ippis & cogs were taken. And so through God's help he had there the victori & bear thence a glorius chivalri. ¶ And in the same year about scent jamis tied without the yates of scent Omers Robert of Artheis with men of england & flanders bitterly fought against the duke of burgō & the frenshmen at which battle were slain & take of the frenchmen xv. barons lxxx. knights. & sh̄ippis & barges were take unto the number of CC: and thirty. ¶ The same year the king making and abiding upon the siege of Turney the earl of Henaude with english archers made assault unto the town of scent Amand where they slow l knights and money other and also destroyed the town. ¶ And in the xvi. year of his reign following in the winter time the same king duelled still upon the foresaid siege and sent oft time in to Englond unto his treasurer and other puru●iours for gold and monay that should be sent unto him there in his need. but his proctors and messengers cursedly and full slouli served him at his need and him deceived on whose default and laches the king took truce be twen him & the king of france And the king Edward full of sorrow & shame in his heart withdrow him fro the siege and come in to bretan and there was so great strife for victual that he lost money of his pepull. ¶ And when he had done there that he come for he dressed him over see in to england ward. ¶ And as he sailed toward england in the high see the most myshappis storms and tempests thunder and lightynynges fell to him in the see the which wos said that it wos done and araised through evil spretes made by sorsorie and nygromanci of them of france wherefore the kings heart was full of sorrow and anguish welling and sighing and said unto our lady in this wise. ¶ O blessed lady sent Mari what is the cause that ever more going in to france all things and wethers fallen to me joyful and liking & gladsum and as I would have them but all way turning in to Englond ward all things fallen unprofitabully and very harmful neverthe later he scaping all ꝑrels of the see as god would come to the tower of london by night ¶ And the same year the king held his cristemmasse at men's and sent word to the scots by his messengers that he wos ready & would fight with them. but the scots would not abide that but fled over the Scotts see and hid them as well as they might ¶ And in the xvij. year of his reign about the fest of Conversion of scent Paul. king Edward when he had been in scotland and saw that the scots were fled though he come again in to england ¶ And a little before lent was the tournament at Dunstabull to the which tournament come all the young bachelary and chivalry of england with money other Earls and lords At the which tournament king Edward him self was there present ¶ And the next year following in the xviij year of his reign at his parliament holden at westmynstre the avynzeme of Paske the king Edward the third made Edward his frist son prince of wales ¶ And in the nineteen. year of his reign anon after in janiu before lent the same king edward let make full nobul justes and great festis in the place of his birth at windesore. that there wos never none such seen there afore. At which fest and rialte were ij. kings & ij: queens the prince of wales. the duke of cornwall x. earls ix. Countess' barons & money burgeiss the which might not lightly be nombrid. And of diverse lands beyond the see weren money strangers ¶ And at the same time when the justis were done. king Edward made a great soꝑ in the which he ordained frist and began his rowed tabul and ordained & stedfasted the day of the round table to be holden there at windsor in the witson week ever more yearly ¶ And in this time englishmen so much haunted & cleaved to the wodnesse & folly of the strangers That from time of coming of the Henaudres xviij. year passed▪ they ordained & changed them every year diverse shappis & disgising of clothing of long large & wide clothis destitut & disert. from all old honest & good usage. ¶ And an other time short clothes and straight wasted dagged & kit & on every side slatered & botoned with sleeves & tapitis of surcotes & hodis over long & over much hanging. that if I the sooth shall say. they were more like to tormentouris & devils in their clothing & shoeing & other array. than to men. ¶ And the women more nysely yet passed the men in array & coriousloker. for they were so straight clothid that they let hang fox tails sewed byneth within their clothes for to hele & hide their arses. the which disgysynges and pride peradventure afterward brought forth & caused money myshappis & mischief in the ream of england. ¶ The xx year of king Edward he went over in to Britan and Gascoyn in whose company went the earl of warwick. the earl of Suffolk. the earl of Huntyngton. & the earl of Arundel & money other lords and comune pepull in a great multitude with a great navy of CC. & xl. ships. anon after midsummer for to a venge him of money wrongs and harms to him done by Philip of valois king of france ayens the truces before hand granted. the which truces he falsely & vntrewli by cavelations loosed & disquatte. ¶ How king Edward sailed in to Normandy and arrived at Hogs with a great host. IN the xxi. year of his reign king Edward through council of all the great lords of the ream of england called & gathered together in his perlament at westminster be fore Ester ordained him for to pass over the see again for to disease & destrobull the rebels of france. ¶ And when his navy wos come to gether and made ready he went with an huge host the xij. day of julij and sailed in to Normandy and a rived at hogs ¶ And when he had rested him there vi. days for by cause of traveling of the see and for to have out all his men with all their necessaries out of their ships he went toward Cadomun brenning wasting and destroying all the towns that he fond in his way ¶ And the xxvi. day of julij at the brugge of Cadony manli and orpedly strengthened and defended with Normans he had there a strong battle and a long during. through which a great multitude of people were slain ¶ And there war take prisoners The earl of ewe the lord of Tankervill and an hundreth of other knights and men of arms & vi. hundreth foot men numbered & the town & the subbarbes unto the bare wall. of all thing that they might be boar & carried out wos rebbed and despoiled. ¶ After the king passed forth by the country about the breed of xx. mile he wasted all manner thing that he fond ¶ When Philip of clois ꝑcevid this. all though he were fast by with a strong host yet he would not come no nigh but break all the brugges by yond the water of said fro Royn unto Paris. and himself fled unto the same cite of paris with all the haste that he might. ¶ For soothe the nobull king Edward when he come to Paris brugge and fond it broken with in two days he let make it again And in the morn after thee Assumcioon of our lady: king Edward passed over the water of said going toward Crescy and destroyed by the way towns with the pepull duelling there in. And in the fest of scent Bartholomew he passed over the water of some unhurt with all his host there as never before hand wos any manner way ne passage where ij. M. were slain of them that lettid their passage over. Therefore the xxvi: day of august king Edward in a field fast by Crescy having iij battles of englishmen countred and met with Philip of valois having with him iiij. bataillis. of which the lest passed greatly the number of english pepull. ¶ And when thes ij. hosts meet together. there fell upon him the king of Beme the Duke of Loren. and earls also of flanders Dalaunson Bloys Harecourt Aumarle and Nevers. and money other earls barons lords knyghttis & men of arms the number of a. M.u. C.xlij with out foot men & other men armed that were nothing reckoned. ¶ And for all this the unglorius Philip with drew him with the residue of his pepull ¶ Wherefore it was said in common among his own pepull. Nrens beal soy retreat: that is to say our fair with draweth him. ¶ Than king Edward and our englishmen thanked god almighty for such a victori after their great labour taken to them all thing needful to their sustenance and saving of their lives. and for dread of their enemies rested them ther. ¶ And full early in the morning after the frenshmen with an hugh passing host come again for to yef battle and fight with the Englishmen. with whom met and countred the erll of Werwik Northampton and Norfolk with their company and slew ij. thousand and took money prisoners of the gentiles of them. ¶ And the remanant of the same host fled iij: mile thence And the third day after the battle the king went to Calaysward destroying all the towns as he road thither. when that he was comen that is for to say the third day of September he began to besiege the town with the castele and continued his siege fro the foresaid therid day of september to the third day of August the next year after ¶ And in the same year during the siege of Calys the king of Scotland with a full great multitude of scots comen in to england to Nevil'S cross about sent Luke's day the evangelist hoping and trusting for to have found all the land destitute and void of pepull. For as much as the king of england wos by yond the see. save onli prestis and men of holy church & women & children and plowmen and such other labourers and there they come and rob and did much prive sorrow ¶ But yet fond they enough that them with stood by the grace of almighty god. ¶ And so a day of battle wos assigned between them and certan lords and men of holy church that were of that country with other common pepull fast by the cite of Duresme. At which day through the grace and help of almighty god the scots were over comen. and yet were there iij. sold so money of them as of Englishmen: ¶ And there wos slain all the Chivalri and knighthood of the ream of scotland. ¶ And there were taken as they would have fled thence David the king of Scotland him self and the earl of Mentif. sir Willm Douglas and money other great men of scotland. ¶ And after that our Englishmen when they had rested them a few days and had ordained their keepers of the north country they comen to london. and brought with them sir David king of scotland and all thes other lords that were taken prisoners unto the tour of london with all the haste that they might: ¶ And there left 'em in safe keeping unto the kings coming & went home again in to there own country. & afterward was the kings r●ūson of scotland taxed unto an C.M. mark of silver to be paid in ten year that is to say every year x. M. mark. ¶ How king Edward besieged calais and how it wos won and yold to him. IN the xxij. year of king Edwardis reign he went over the see in the winter time and lay all the winter at the siege of calais the which year the while the siege lasted and endurid Philip the king of france cast and purposed trechouresly & with fraud to put a way the siege & come the xxvij: day of evil in the same year with a great host and a strong power & neighed to the siege of Calais ¶ The which Philip the last day of julij sent to king Edward word that he would yef him plain battle the iij: day after that about evensong time if he durst come fro the siege & abide. ¶ And when king edward herd that with out any long tarrying or long a visement he accept gladly the day and hour of battle that Philip had assigned. ¶ And when the king of france herd that the next night after he set his tentis a fire & remeved & went away thence cowardly. ¶ Than they that were in the town & in the castle besieged seeing all this how that they had none other help ne succour of the king of france ne of his men. ¶ And also that there vitales within them were spendit and wasted & forfaut of vitales and of refrishing they eaten horse hounds cats & mice for to keep their truth as long as they might ¶ And when they saw and wos found among them. at the last that they had no thing among them for to eat ne live by ne no succour ne rescueng of the frenshmen of that other side they witted well that they most nediss die for default or elns yield the town. and anon though they wenten and token down the banners and the arms of france on every side that were hungen out. and wenten on the walls of the foresaid town on diverse places as naked as over they were borne save only their shertis and there prive clothes and held their swerdis naked & the point donward in thi● hands and puten ropes & halters about their nekkis and yelden up the keys of the town and of the Castill to king Edward of england with great fere and dread of heart ¶ And when king Edward saw this as a marciabul king and lord received all to grace and a few of the greatest personers of state and of governance of the town he sent in to england there to abide their ranson and the kings grace. And all the comminalte of the town the king let go whider they would in peace. & with out any harm. and let them bear with them all their things that they might bear and carry away keeping the town and the Castle to himself. ¶ Than through mediation of Cardinals that were sent from the pope truces was teke there bitwen france and england for ix. months than next following. & about mihelmasse king edward come again in to england with a glorius victory. ¶ And in the twenty-three. year of his reign in the est parties of the world there arose and began a pestilence and death of sarisens' and paynims that so great a death was never herd of afore. And that wasted away the people so. that uneath the tenth person wos left on live ¶ And in the same year about the south countries also in the west contres there fell so much rain and so great waters. that from cristemasse unto midsummer there was uneaths day ne night but that it rained somewhat. through which waters the pestilence wos so enfecked and so habundand in all countries and namlis about the court of rome and other places & see costis. that uneath there were left leaving fulke for to beri them that were deed honestly. But made great ditches and pits that were wonder broad & deep. & therein buried them. & made a renge of deed bodis. & cast a little earth to hele them above. & than cast in an oath reign of deed bodis & an other regne above them. And thus were they buried & none oder wise: but if it were the fewer that were men of great estate that were bewrayed as honestly as they might ¶ And after all this in the xxiv year of king Edwardis reign it was done him to wit & understand of a treason that wos begun at Calais. & ordained for to sell that town for a great sum of florins unto king Philip of France through the falseness & ordinance of a knight that wos called sir Geoffrey of Cherney that wos wonder prive with king Philip of france. ¶ And when king Edward herd this he took with him the nobles and gentiles lords. and money other worthy and orped men of arms that were there present with him for the solemnity of that high fest. ¶ And well and wisely in all the haste that he might and as privily as he might he wenten over the see toward calais. ¶ And that same year the good king edward held his christmas at Havering. ¶ And the morn after newyeres day the king wos in the castle of calais with his men of arms that none of the aliens witted there of. And that falls conspirator and traitor Geffri of Charney seeth that he might not openli have his purpeses of the castle. privily & stelynly he come in and held the town with a great host. ¶ And when he with his men were comen in. he paid the foresaid sum of florins as covenant was between them to a Genewey in the town that was keeper of the castle and consenting to the same geffri in all this falseness and trechorie and bounden the english mynstrels & seruantis that were in the castle that they might not help themself ne let them of their purpose And than weening that they had be siker enough. they speaken all their wikkednes & falseness openly an high that all men might here. ¶ And now shall ye here how they were deceived. for they comen in by a prive postterne over a little brugge of tree and when they were comen in sotaly and privily the bridge was draw up and kept that none of them that comen in might go out ne no more come in to them ¶ And anon our englyshmen went out at prive holes and wyndous and over the walls of the town & of the castle and went and fought manly with the frenshmen that were with out and had the better of them the which when they were occupied by them self on their side The king that was with in the town having with him scarcely but thirty. men of arms drew out his sword and with a loud voice he cried up an high A sent Edward A sent George. ¶ And when folk herd that. they comen running to him & give there to their enemies so great assault that there were more than two hondrith men of arms and money more other slain and money fleden away. And so by the grace of god almighty the victory fell unto the Englishmen. Than the king took with him this Geoffrey that was finder of this trechorie: and also money other french prisoners. & with in a while after he come again in to england. ¶ And in this same year & in the year afore and in thee year next after was so great pestilence of men from the est in to the west and namli through botches that tho that sekind on this day died on the iij. day after to the which men that so died in this pestilence had but little respite of ligging ¶ The pope Clement of his goodness & grace give them full remission and foryefnesse of all their sins that they were shriven of. and this pestilence lasted in london fro Mihelmasse unto August next following almost an hole year ¶ And thes days wos death without sorrow weddyngiss with out friendship wilful penance & dearth without scarcity & fleeing without refute or succour. for money fled from place to place be cause of the pestilence. but they were enfeckid & might not ascap the death: after that the prophet Isae saith who that fleith fro the face of dread he shall fall in to the ditch. And he that windeth him out of the ditch he shall be hold & tied with a grenne. but when this pestilence wos ceased as god would. unneaths the tenth part of the pepull was left on live. ¶ And in the same year began a wonder thing that all that ever were borne after that pestilence had two chekteth in their heed 'las than they had afore. ¶ How king Edward had a great battle with spanyardis in the se fast by wynchelsee. ANd in the xxv year of his reign about the sent johannes day in harvest in the see fast by winchelse king Edward had a great battle with men of spain where that their ships and navy lay chaned to gedre that other they must fight or be drenched ¶ And so when all our worthy men of arms & the see costs fast by wynchelse & Romeny were gathered together & our navy & ships all ready to the were the englishmen met manly & stiffly with there enemies coming fiercely against them ¶ And when the spanies vessailles & navy were closed in all about. their men might see a strong battle on both sides & long during in the which battle wos but few that fought but they were spitously hurt: And after the battle there were twenty-three. ships of there's take: & so the englishmen had the better. And in the next year following of his reign that is to say the xxvi. year the king thugh his council let orden & make his new monay that is to say the penny the grot value of iiij pens. & the half grot of ij. pens. but it wos of less weight than the old sterling wos. be v. shilling in the pound. ¶ And in the xxvij. year of his regne was the great dearth of victuals the which was called thee dear summer ¶ And in the xxviij. year of his reign in the parliament holden at westminstre after Ester sir Henri earl of Lancastre wos made duke of lancastre & in this year wos so great a drought that from the month of march to the month of evil there fell no rain on the earth. wherefore all frutis sedis and herbs for the most party were lost in default. ¶ Whereof there come so great disease of men and beasts & dearth of vitales in england so that this land that ever afore had been plenteous had need that time to feke his vitalis and refresssing of other out Isles & cuntres: ¶ And in the xxix year of king edward it was accorded granted and sworn between the king of france and king Edward of england that he should haue again all his lands and lordeshippis that longed to the duchy of Gnyhen of old time the which had been with draw and wrongfully occupied by diverse kings of france before hand to have and to hold to king Edward and to his heirs and successors for ever more freely pesabully and in good quiet upon this covenant that the king of Englond should leave of. and relesen all his right and claim that he had claimed of the kingdom of france. and of the title that he took there of. upon which speech & covenants it wos sent to the court of Rome on both sides of the kings. that the foresaid covenant should be enbulled. but god ordained better for the kings worship of englond· for what through fraud & discert of the frenshmen & what through letting of the pope & of the court of rome the foresaid covenants were disquat & left of. ¶ And in the same year the king revoked by his wise & discreet council the stapull of wolles out of flanders in to england with all the libertes franchises & fire customys that longed there to· & ordained it in england in diverse places that is for to say at westmynstre. Cantorberi Chichestre Bristol Lyncolne & Hull with all the foresaid things that longen thereto. ¶ And that this thing that should thus be done the king swore himself there to And. prince edward his son with other money great witnesses that there were present ¶ And the thirty. year of his reign anon after whitsuntide in the parliament ordained at westmynstre it wos told and certified to the king that Philip that though held the kingdom of france was deed: And that Iohn his son wos creuned king. & that this Iohn had yeven Karoll his son the Duchy of Gnyhen· of thee which thing king Edward when he witted there of had great indignation unto him and was wonder wroth and strongly moved. ¶ And therefore afore all the worthy lords that there were assembulled at that parliament he called edward his son unto him to whom the duchid of Gnyhen by right heritage should long to & give it him ther. bidding and strengthing him that he should ordene him for to defend him and a venge him upon his enemies and save maintain his right. ¶ And afterward king edward him self & his eldest son Edward went to diverse places & saints in england on pilgrimage for to have the more help & grace of god & of his saints. and ij. Kal▪ of evil when all thing wos ready to that voyage & battle & all his retinue & power assembled & his navy also ready he took with him the earl of warwike the earl of suffolk the earl of Salusberi & the earl of Oxford and a thousand men of arms and as money archers. & in the nativity of our lady tok there ships at Plymmouth & began to sail. ¶ And when he come and wos arrived in Gnyhen. he was there worsshipfully take received of the most nobull men & lords of that country ¶ And anon after king Edward took with him his ij. sons that is to say sir leonel earl of ulton & sir Iohn his brother earl of Richemond & sir Henri duke of Lancastre. with money earls & lords & men of arms and ij. thousand archers & failed toward france & rested him a while at Calais. & afterward the king went with his folk aforesaid and with other soldiers of beyond the se that there abide the kings coming the second day of November and took his journey toward king Iohn of france there as he trowed to have founden him fast by Odomarum as his letters & covenant made mention that he would a bide him there with his host. ¶ And when king johan of france herd tell of the kings ꝯing of england he went away with his men & cariege cowerdly & shamefully fleeing and wasting all vitales that the englishmen should not have there of. ¶ And when king edward herd tell that he fled. he pursued him with all his host till Hedene. & than he beholding the wanting and scarcity of vitales & also the cowardice of the king of france he turned again wasting all the country. ¶ And while all thes things were a doing the scots privily and by night token the town of Berewike slaying them that withstood them & no man else but blessed be god the castle wos saved & kept by englishmen that were therein. Than the king ꝑsaved all this. he turned again in to england as wroth as he might be. wherefore in parliament at westmynstre wos granted to the king of every sake of wool l shilling during the term of vi. year that he might the myghtelyer fight & defend the ream ayens the scots & other misdoers ¶ And so when all things were ready the king hasted him to the siege ward. ¶ How king Edward wos crowned king of scotland & how Prince Edward took the king of france & sir Philip his younger son at the bata●ll of Peyters. ANd in the xxxi: year of his reign the xiij. day of janiver the king in the Castill of Berewik with a few men but having there fast by a great host. The town wos yoleden unto him with outen any manner defence or difficulte· than the king of scotland that is for to say sir johan Bailloll considering how that god did money merue●les and gracious things for king Edward at his own will fro day to day. he took & gave up the ream of Scotland and the croune of scotland at Rokisburgh in the kings hands of england under his patent letter there made ¶ And anon after king Edward in presence of all the prelatis & other worthy men and lords that were there let croune him king there of the ream of Scotland: ¶ And when all things were done & ordained in think contres at his lust. he turned again in to Englond with an hugh worship· And while this voyage wos a doing in Scotland sir Edward prince of wales as a man inspired in god was in Guyhen in the Cite of Bordeaux treting & speaking of the challenging. and of the kings right of england that he had of the ream of France and that he would a vengid be with stronghond & the prelatis peers & myghtis men of that country consented well to him ¶ Than sir Edward the prince with a great host gathered to him the sext day of evil went from Bordeaux going and traveling by money diverse countries & he took money prisoners more than vi thousand men of arms by the country as he journeyed & took thee town of Remorantin in saloigne & besieged the Castle vi: days And at the vi. day end they yold the castle unto him. And there were take the lord of Crown & sir Bursigaud & money other knyghttis & men of arms moo than lxxx. ¶ And fro thence by Toren & peten fast by chmeney his nobull men that were with him had a strong battle with frenshmen & an c of their men of arms were slain And the earl of Dance & the steward of france were take with an hundreth men of arms. ¶ In the which year thee nineteen: day of September fast by Peightres the same prince with a thousand and ix. hondrith men of arms and archers ordained a battle to king Iohn of France coming to the prince ward with seven. thousand chosen men of arms & other much pepull in an huge passing nombur. of the which there were slain the duke of Burybon and the duke of Athenes and money othir nobull men. and of the prince men of arms a thousand & of other after the true account and reckoning viij. hondrith. And the king of france wos there take and sir Philip his younger son & money Dukis and nobull men & worthy knights & men of arms about ij. thousand And so the victori fell there to the prince & to the pepull of england by the grace of god. And money that were taken prisoners were set at their ransom and upon their trougth & knighthood were charged & had leave to go. But the prince took with him the king of france & Philip his son with all the reverence that he might & went again to Bordeaux with a glorius victory▪ The some of the men that there were take prisoners & of them that were slain the day of battle wos iiij. M. iiijC.xl. ¶ And in the xxxij year of king Edward the v. day of May prince Edward with king Iohn of france & Philip his son and money other worthy prisoners arrived graciously in the haven of Plummouth & the xxiv. day of the same month about iij· after none they come to london by london brugge & so went forth to the kings palace of westminstre & there fell so great a multitude & press of people about them to behold and see that wonder & that rial sight that unneaths fro midday till night they might not come to westmynstre. & the kings ransom of france wos taxed and set to iij millions of scutis of whom ij▪ should beworth a nobull & ye shall understand that a myllion is a. M.M. and after some men his ransom wos sat at three M.M florins & all is on effect. And this same year were made solemn justis in smithfield being there pnsent the king of england the king of france and the king of Scotland and money other worthy and nobull lords. ¶ The xxxiij year of his reign the same king Edward at windsor as well for love of knyghhod as for his own worship & at the reverence of the king of france and of other lords that were there at that time he held a wonder rial and costle fest of scent George passing any that ever was holden afore. ¶ Wherefore the king of france in scorning said that he saw never ne herd such solemn festis ne rialtes holden ne done with tails with out paing of gold or silver ¶ And in the xxxiiij. year of his reign the x iiij. Kal. of julij sir Iohn earl of Richemond king Edwardis son. wedded dame Blanch duke Henris daughter of Lncastre cousin to the same johan by dispensation of the pope. and in the mein time were ordained justes at london iij. days of rogations that is for to say the mair of London with his xxiv. aldermen ayenes all that would come. in whose name & stead the king privily with his iiij. sons Edward leonel Iohn and Edmond and other nineteen great lords helden the field with worship ¶ And this same year as it wos told & said of them that saw it: there come blood out of the tomb of Thomas some time earl of Lancastre as fresh as that day that he was done to death. And in the same year king Edward chose his sepulture and his ligging at westmynstre fast by the shrine of scent Edward. ¶ And anon after the xxvij· day of October he went over see to Calais making protestation that he would never come again in to england till he had full ended the were between france & him ¶ And so in the xxxvi. year of his reign in the winter time king Edward was. and traveled in the Ryne costs & about sent Hilary tide he departed his host and went to Burgoyn ward with whom than met pesibely the Duke of Burgoyn behighting him lxx. thousand florins that he should spare his men and his p●pull. and the king granted at his request. and duelled there unto the xvij. day of Marche· the which time come to king Edward ere that strong thieves were on these under the earl of scent Poule the xv. day of March ligging a wait upon the towns of hasting Rye and other places and villages on the see cost haddyn entered as enmys in to thee town of wynchelse. and slewen all that ever withstoden them and withsaid their coming. Wherefore the king was greatly moved and wratthed. and he turned again to Paris ward and commanded his host to destroy and slay with dint and strength of sword them that he had before hand sparid. ¶ And the xij. day of April the king come to Paris and there departed his host in diverse battles with iiij. C. of knights new dubbed on that one side of him. ¶ And sir Henri duke of Lancastre under peace and truces went unto the yates of the Cite. proffering to them that would abide a battle in the field under such condition that if the king of england were over comen there as god forbid it should that than he should never challenge the kingdom of france ¶ And there he had of them but short and scornful answer and come and told it to the king and his lords what he had herd and what they said. ¶ And than went forth the new knights with money other making assault to the cite to they destroyed hougeli the subbarbis of the Cite. ¶ And while all thes things were in doing the Englishmen made them aredy for to be a venged upon thee shame and despite that was done that year at wynchelsee and ordained a navy of lxxx. ships of men of Landon and of other merchants and xiv. thousand of men of arms and archers and went and searched and skummed the see and manly token and held thee I'll of Caux. Wherefore the Frenshmen that is for to say the Abbot of Cluyn the Earl of Tankeruill and bursygand that though was steward of France with money other men of the same country by thee common assent of the lord Charles that though wos regent of france they hasted them & went to the king of england ask & beseeching him steadfast peace & ever lasting upon certan conditions that there were showed writtin ¶ The which when the king & his concell had it sein▪ it pleased him never a deal. but sith it would be none other in time of better accord and deliberation the frenshmen busily and with great instance asked truces for there see costs and the king granted them. ¶ And in the morrow after the utas of pasche the king turned him with his host toward Orleance destroying and wasting all the country by the way: ¶ And as they went thiderward there fell upon them such a storm & tempast that none of our nation herd ne saw never none such. through the which thousands of our men and of their horse in their journeying as it were through vengeance suddenly were slain & perished: the which tempastes full much yet feared not the king ne much of his pepull that they ne went forth in their voyage that they had begun. wherefore about the fest of fililp & Jacob in May fast by incarnocum the foresaid lords of france meeting there with the king of england a peaceable accord & a final upon certan conditions & grants articularly gathered & written together ever more for to last full discretely made & to both the kings ꝓfetabul & to their reams both with on assent of Charles the regent & governor of france & of Paris of the same ream written & made under date of Carnocum the xv. day of May they offered & ꝓferd to the king of england riquiring his grace in all things writin that he would benignly admit them & hold them firm & stabull to them & to their heirs for ever more thence forth the which things & articles when king edward had seen them he granted them so that both parties should be suorne on God's body & on the evangelist that the foresaid covenant should be stabulihed and so they accordid graciously. ¶ Therefore there were ordained & drassid on every side ij. barons ij. banerettis & ij. knights to admit & receive that hothes of the lord Charles reget of france & of sir edward the frist some & heir of king Edward of england ¶ And the x. day of May there was sungen a solemn mass at paris. & after the iij. Agnus dei said with dona nobis pacem in presence of the foresaid men that were ordained to admit & receive the oaths & of all other that there might be. ¶ though Charles laid his right hand on the patent with gods body & his left hand on the missal & said we. N. suereth on godis body & the holy gospels. that we shall trewli & steadfastly hold toward us the peace & the accord made between the ij kings & in no manner to do the contrary. And there among all his lords for more love & strength of witness he dealed & departed the relics of the crown of christ to the knights of england. & they courtesli token there leve· And in the friday next the same oath in presence of the foresaid knights & of other worthy men. prince Edward made at lovers ¶ Afterward both kings & their sons & the most nobull men of both reams with in the same year made the same oath. & for to strength all thes things a foresaid: the king of england axed the greatest men of france: and had his asking that is for to say vi. dukes viij: earls & xij. lords that is to say barons & worthy knights. ¶ And when the place & the time was assigned in which both kings with their council should come together. all the foresaid things between them spoke for to ratify & maken firm and stabull. the king of england anon went toward the see & at Hounflet began to sail leaving to his hosts that were left behind him by cause of his absence much heaviness ¶ And after the xix· day of May he come in to england & went to his palace at westmynstre on scent Dunstane day & the third day after he viseted Iohn king of france that wos in the tower of london & delivered him freely from all manner prison safe frist they were accorded of iij. millions of florins for his ransom. & the king comforthed him & cherid him in all places with all solace & mirths that longen to a king in his going homeward. ¶ And the ix day of julij in the same year this same Iohn king of france that afore hand lay here in hostage went home again in to his oun land to tret of the things and of other that longed and fellen to thee governance of his ream. ¶ And afterward met & come to gedre at calais both ij. kings with both their council about all haluw tied. & there were showed the conditions and the points of thee peace & of the accord of both sides writtyn. & there without any withsaing of both sides graciously they were accorded. And there was done & sungen a solemn mass & after the iij Agnus det upon godis body & also upon the mass book both kings & their sons & the greatest lords of both rheims & of their concell that there were present: & had not sworn be fore the foresaid oath that they had made & titelled between them they behighten to keep & all other covenants that were between them ordained. ¶ And in this same year mens bestis tres & houses with sudden tempast & strong lightning were ꝑissed. & the devil appeared bodily in man's likeness to much pepull as they went in diverse places in the countries and spoke to them in that likeness. ¶ How the great company arose in france & the white company in Lombardy & of other money marvels. King Edward in the xxxvi. year of his reign anon after christmas in the fest of conversion of scent Paul held his parliament at westmynstre in the which parliament wos put forth and showed the accord & the tretis that wos stabilisshed & made between tho ij. kings which accord pleased to much pepull. and therefore by the kings commandment there were gathered & come to gedre in west minster church the frist sunday of lent that is to say the ij. Kal. of Februer the foresaid englishmen and fraunshemun where was sung a solemn mass of the trinity of the arch bishop of Canterbury master Simond Islepe. ¶ And when the agnus dei was done the king being there with his sons and also the king sons of france & other nobull and great lords with candle light & crosses brought forth. all that were called there to that were not sworn afore swore that same oath that wos writtyn upon God's body & on the mass book in this wise: we. N. & N. swerin upon God's body & on the holy gospels steadfastly to hold & keep toward us the peace & the accord made between the ij. kings and never for to do the contrary. & when they had thus sworn they token there scroves that their othiss were comprehended in to the notaries. & this same year in the ascension eve about midday was sayne the clipes of the son. & there followed such a drought that for default of rein their was great barnesse of corn fruit and hay. ¶ And in the same month the vi. Kal. of june there fell a sanguyn rain almost like blood at Burgon. And a sangwyne cross from morn unto prime was seen & aperid at Boloyn in the heier the which money men saw· and after it moved and fell in the mid see. ¶ And in the same time in france & england & money other land as they that were in plain cuntres & desert barren witness sodenli there appeared ij. Castles of the which went out ij. hosts of armed men ¶ And that one host wos clothed in white & that other in black. and when battle wos between them be gun· the white overcome the black And anon after the black took heart unto them and overcome the white. and after that they went again in to their castles. & than the castles and all the host vanesshed away ¶ And in this same year wos a great and an huge pestilence of pepull and namely of men. whose wives as women out of governance took housbandis as well strangers as other lewd and simpull pepull. the which foryeting their honour & worship and berthe coupled and married them with them that were of low dedre & little repitation in this same year died Henri duke of Lancastre. & also in this year Edward prince of wales wedded the counts of kent that wos Sir Thomas wife holland the which wos departed some time and divorced fro the earl of Salisberi for cause of that same knight. ¶ And about this time began and arose a great company of diverse nations gathered together of whom their leders & governors were englissh pepull And they were called a pepull with out any heed the which did much harm in the party of france And not long after there arose an other company of diverse nations that wos called the whit company the which in the parties & countries of Lombardy did much sorrow. ¶ This same year sir johan of Gaunt the son of king Edward the third wos made duke of Lancastre by reason & cause of his wife that was the daughter & heir of Henri sum time duke of lancastre ¶ Of the great wind and how prince edward took the lordship of Gnyhen of his father & went thither. ANd in the xxxvij. year of king edward the xv: day of janiu that is to say on sent Maures day about evensong time there arose and come such a wind out of the south with such a fierceness and strength that it bristed and blew down to thee ground high houses and strong bildynges towers churches and stepulles and other stronges and all other strong works that stooden still were shake there with that they been yet and shall be ever more the febuller & weykir while they stand And this wind lasted without any cessing seven. days continually. ¶ And anon after there followed such waters in hay time & in harvest time that all field works were strongly let & left undo. ¶ And in the same year prince edward took the lordship of Guyhen and did to king Edward his father homage and feaute therefore & wend over see in to Gascoyn with his wife & children. And anon after king edward made sir leonel his son duke of Clarence & sir edmond his other son earl of Cambrigge. ¶ And in the xxxviij. year of his reign it wos ordained in the parliament that men of law both of the church and temporal law should fro that time forth plete in their mother tongue. ¶ And in the same year comen in to england iij kings that is for to say The king of France the king of Cypress and the king of Scotland by cause to viset and for to speak with the king of england. Of whom they were wonder well come and much worsshippid. ¶ And after that they had be here long time. two of them went again home in to there own countries & kingdoms. But the king of france through great sickness & malady that he had abode still in england. ¶ And in the xxxix year of his reign was a strong & an huge frost & that lasted long that is to say fro sent Andrew's tide to the xiiij Kal. of aprill that the tilth & sawing of the earth & other such field warkie and hand works were much let & left undone for cold & hardness of the earth ¶ And at Orray in bretan that time wos ordained a great deadly battle between sir Iohn of Mounfort duke of Britan & sir Charles of bloys. but the victory fell to the foresaid sir Iohn through help and succour of the englishmen. And there were taken money knights & squires and other men that were unnumbered. in the which battle wos slain Charles himself with all that stood about him & of the englishmen were slain but seven. And in this year died at Savoy Iohn the king of france. whose service & exequys king edward let ordain & did in diverse places worsshipfully to be done. & to Dover of worshipful men ordained him worthily to be led with his own costis & expense. & from thence he was fet in to france. & buried at scent Denys. ¶ In the xl. year of king Edward the seven. Kal. of Februer wos borne Edward prince edward son the which won he wos seven. year of old he died. ¶ And in the same year it wos ordained that sent Petres pens fro that time forth should not be paid the which king· You. sometime king of england of the country of west saxons that began to regne in the year of our lord god ¶ C.lxxix. first greunted to Rome for the school of england there to be continued. ¶ And in this same year there fell so much rain in hay time that it wastid & destroyed both corn and hay. And there wos such a debate & fight of sparous by diverse places in thes days that men fond innumerable of them died in feldis as they went. & there fell also such a pestilence that never wos seen such in no man's time that lived than. for men that went to bed hole & in good point·s sedenly they died. ¶ Also that time a sickness that men called the pokkis slow both men & women through there enfecting ¶ And in the xli. year of king edward was borne at Bordeaux Richard the second son of prince edward of Englond the which Richard king Richard of Amorican heaved at the fountstone after whom he wos called Richard. And this same Richard when his father was deed and king Edward also: wos crowned king of england the xi. year of his age through right line and heritage and also by the comunes assent and desire of the commonalty of the ream ¶ About this time at king edwardis commandment of england when all the castles and towns were yold to him that long were hold in france by a great company assembled together sir Bartram Cleykyn knight an orped man and a good weriour went and purposed him to put out Pers king of spain out of his kingdom with help of the most ꝑtie of the foresaid great company trusting also upon help and favour of the pope for as much as it come to his heir that the same Pers should lead and use the most wert and sinfullest life out. the which Pers smitten with dread of this tiding fled in to Gascoyn to prince Edward for to have help and succour of him. ¶ And when he wos fled out of spain Henri his brother that was a bastard by assent of the most partan of spain and through help of that ferrefull company that I spoke of erst was made and crowned king of spain And the number of that same company wos reckoned and set at the number of lx. M. fight men ¶ This same year in the month of june there come a great company and a navy of thee danes and gathered them together in the north see purposing them to come in to england to reave & rob and also to slay with whom they countrid and met in the see Mariners and other orped fight men of the country and disꝑpeled them And they ashamed went home again in to there own country ¶ But among all other there wos a boustous vessel and a strong of their navy that wos over sailed by the englishmen and woes parisshid and drenchid. In the which the steward and other worthy and great men of Denmark were take prisoners and the king of england and his council prisoned the which lords the danois afterward come & sosughten all a bout for to have had with their goods that they had lost and they not weal apaied ne pleased of the answer that they had there turned homewardis again leaving be hind them in their inns privily written in scrowes and on walls Yet shall Danois waste thee wanes. Than happed there an english writer & wrote against the dane in this manner wise. Here shall danies fet their banes ¶ And in this time Pers king of spain with other kings that is to say the king of Naune and the king of Malogre being means wenten between and prayed council and help of sir Edward the prince through whose council when he had understand their articles and desire that he wos required of the kings loath he wos and ashamed to say nay and contrary them. but notheles he wos aghast lest it should be any prejudice against the pope and long time tarried them or that he would graunto or consent there to till he had better council and avisement with good deliberation of king Edward his father ¶ But when he wos with every days and continual beseeching of money nobull men required and spoken to. and with money prayers sent and made between them. Than prince edward sent to his father both be pleyning letteers and also be confortabull contening all their suggestions and causes with all that other kings Epesteles & letters for to have comforth and help of the wrongs not only to the king of spain do. but also for such things as might fall to other kings ¶ Also if it were not the sooner holpen and amended through the doom and help of knighthood to them that it asked & desired. ¶ The which letter when the king and his wise counsel had sayne such a kings spoiling and robbing with much marvel. ¶ And scent again comfortable letters to prince Edward his son and to that other foresaid kings. & warned them for to arm them and ordain them against that misdoer. & to withstand them by the help of good that were such enemies to kings. when this nobull prince had received thes letters himself with that oder kings before said all their council called to gether or that he would undertake the quarrel: he bond & knit sore the king that was deposed with a great oath that is to say that he should ever after mainten the right believe & faith of holy church & holy church also with all their minstres rightis & lebertis to defend from all their enemies & all evils ¶ And all that were their against bitterli to punish & destrobull. & all the rights libertes pueleges of holy church increase & mainten & amend all things that were wrongfully taken. with draw & bore away by him or by any oder by cause of him. hastily to restore again. & to drive & put out saracens & all other misbeleved pepull out of his kingdom with all his strength & power & suffer ne admit none such for no manner thing ne cause to duel there in. ¶ And that when he had take a christian woman he should never come in none other woman's bed. ne none other man's wife to defoul ¶ All thes foresaid things truly for to keep continu & fulfil as all his life time he wos bound by oath a fore notaries in presons & witness of though kings with other princes ¶ And than that gracious prince prince Edward under took the cause and the quarrel of the king that wos deposed and be height him with the grace of almighty god to restore him again to his kingdom and let ordain & gather together forthwith in all hast his navy with men of arms for to were & fight in his foresaid cause ¶ And in this same time upon fond of the scots fe that money a man it saw iij. days to gether there were seen ij. Eagles of the which that on come out of the south & that other out of the north. & cruelli & strongly they fought to gether & wrestled to gether and the south eagle frist over come the north eagle and all to rend and tore him with his bill & his claws that he should not rest ne take no breath. ¶ And after the south eagle fly home to his own costs. ¶ And anon after there followed & wos sayne in the morn a fore the son rising and after in thee last day of October save on day money sterris gathered to gedre on an heap fell down to the earth leaving behind them ferry beams in manner of lightyning whose flaumes brent and consumed men's clothes & men's hear walking on the earth as it was sayne and knwen of money a man ¶ And yet that northern wind that is ever ready & destinat to all ill fro sent Kat mes even till iij. days after lost good with out number unrecoverabull And in the same days there fell & come also such lightining thunder snow & hail that it wasted & destroyed men bestis houses & trees. ¶ Of the battle of spain beside the water of Nazers that was between prince Edward & sir Henri bastard of spain. IN the year of our lord a. M.ccc.lxvij. & of king Edward xlij· the iij. day of April there wos a strong battle and a great in a large field called Priazers fast by the water of Nazers in spain between sir edward the prince & Henri the bastard of spain. but the victori fell to prince edward by the grace of god. ¶ And this same prince edward had with him sir Iohn duke of lancastre his brother: & other worthy men of arms about the number of thirty. M. ¶ And the king of spain had on his side men of diverse nations to the number of an. C. M· & more wherefore the sharpness & fersenes of his adusarie with his full boisterous & great strength made & driven the rightful party a back a great way but through the grace of almighty god passing any man's strength that huge host wos disꝑbled myghtfully be the nobull duke of Lancaster & his host or that the prince Edward come nigh him ¶ And when Henri the bastard saw that he turned with his men in so great haste and strength to i'll. that an huge company of them in the foresaid flood and of the bridge thereof fellen down & parisshed. ¶ And also there were take the earl of Dene and sir Bartram Clekyn that wos chief maker and causer of the were & also chivetayn of the vaunt ward of the battle with money other great lorddis and knights to the nombur of ij. thousand of whom ij. hondrith were of france. and money also of scotland And there were felled in the field on our enemies side of lords and knights with oder meyn pepull to the number of vi. thousand and moo. and of englishmen but a few ¶ And after this The nobull prince edward restored thee same Pers to his kingdom again. the which Pers afterward through treachery and falseness of the foresaid bastard of spain as he sat at his meet was strangled and died. But after this victori money nobull and hardy men and nobull of england in spain through the fl●x and other diverse sickness took their death. ¶ And also in the same year in the March was seen stella Comata between the North costis and the west. whose beams stretched toward France. ¶ And in the next year suing of king Edwardis reign xliij. in April Sir leonel king Edwardis son that was Duke of Clarence went toward Mileyne with a chose main of the gentiles of Enlond for to wed Galoys daughter and have her to his wife. by whom he should have half the lordship of Mileyn. But after that they were solemnly wedded and a bout the nativity of our lady the same duke of Milein died. And in the same year the frenshmen break the peace. and the truces riding on the kings ground and lordship of england in the shire and country of Pountife. And token and held Castles and towns. And bear the Englishmen on hand falsely and sotelly. that they were cause of breaking of the truce. ¶ And in this same year died the duchess of Lancaster: And is buried worshipfully in scent Paul's church. ¶ The xl iiij. year of king Edwardis reign was the greatest pestilence of men and of great beasts and by the great falling of waters that fell at that tyme. there fell great hyndring and destroying of corn in so much that the next year after a bushel of whet was sold for xl: pens. ¶ And in this same year about thee last end of May king Edward held though his parliament at westminster in the which parliament wos tretid and spoken of the oath and the truce that was broke between him and the king of france and how he might best upon his wrong be avengid ¶ In this same yer in the assuntion of our lady died queen Philip of england a full nobull and good woman & at westminster full worsshipfully is buried & entered & about midsummer the duke of lancastre & the earl of Herford with a great company of knights went in to france where they get them but little worship & name. for there wos an huge oft of frenshmen upon chalkhull bridge & an other oft of englishmen fast by the same brige that long time had live ther. And money worthy men & great of the englishmen ordained & gave council for to fight & give botaill to the frenshmen. but the foresaid lords would nothing consent there to ne assent for no manner thing. ¶ There anon after it happed that the earl of werwike come thitherward for to were. & when the frenshmen herd of his coming or that he come fully to land they left the● tentis & pavilions with all their vitales & fled and went a way privily. And when the earl was common to land with his men he went in all haste toward Normandy & destroyed the isle of caws through dint of sword and through fire ¶ But alas in his returning to englondward home again at Calais he wos taken with sickness of the pestilence & died not leaving behind him after his days so nobull a knight and orped of arms ¶ In which time reigned & wered thilk orped knight sir Iohn Hawkewod that was an englishmen borne having with him at his governance thilk white company that is aforesaid the which o time ayens holy church and an other time ayens lords werid & ordained great battles and there in that same country he did money meruelus things ¶ And a bout the conversion of scent Paul the king when he had ended and done the entering and the exiquys with great costs and rialtes a bout the sepulture & berieng of queen Philip his wife he held a parliament at westmynstre in which parliament was axed of the clergy a three years dime that is for to say a great dime to be paid iij. year during ¶ And the clargi put it of & would not grant unto Ester next coming & than they greunted well that in iij. year by certan terms that dime should be paid. & also of the lay fe wos a iij. years xv. granted to the king. ¶ How sir Robert Knolles with other certain lords of the ream went over the see in to fraunce· & of their governance. ANd in the xlv. year of king Edward in the beginning king Edward with unwise counsel and undiscrete borawed a great soume of gold of the prelatis lords marchantis and other rich men of his ream saying that it should be dispendid in defending of holy church and of his ream. ¶ neverthelatter it profited nought·s wherefore about midsummer after he made a great host of the worthiest men of his ream amongs whom were some lords that is for to say the lord Fitzwater and the lord Graunson & other worthy knights of which knights the king ordained sir Robert Knolles a provede knight & a well as said in deed of arms for to be governor and that through his council and governance all thing should be governed & dressed. ¶ And when they come in to france: as long as they duelled & held them hole together the fraunshmen durst not fall upon them ¶ And at the last about the beginning of winter for envy & coveteys that wos among them. And also discord they sundered & partid them in to diverse companies unwisely & folely. But sir Robert knolls & his men went and keeped them safe within an Castle in Bretan ¶ And when the frenshmen saw that our men were divided in to diverse companies & places not holding ne strengthing them to gedres as them ought for to do. they fell fiercely on our men. And for the most party took them or slowen them & though that they might take led with them prisoners ¶ And in thee same year pope Urban come fro rome to Avignon for encheson & cause that he should accord & make peace between the king of france & the king of england for ever more. But alas or he began his tretis he died with sickness the ·xxi. day of December & wos buried as for the time in the cathedral church of Avignon fast by the high altar ¶ And the next year after when he had line so his bones were taken out of the earth and buried new in the abbey of sent victory fast by marcile of the which abbey he wos sum tyne Abbot himself ¶ And in both places that he was buried in there be money great miracles done and wrought through the grace of almighty god to money a man's help and to the worship of god almighty. ¶ And after whom folewed next and wos made pope Gregory Cardinal deacon that before wos called Pers Roger ¶ In this same year the cite of Lymoge rebelled and fought against the prince as other Cites in Gnyhenne did for great taxes costages and raunsons that they were put and set to by prince edward which charges weren Inportable and to chargeabull where for they turned fro him and fellen to the king of france. And when prince edward saw this he wos sore a chafed and grieved. & in turning homeward again in to england with sorrow skarmisshes and fight & great assaults fought with them & took the foresaid cite and destroyed it almost to the ground and slew all that were found in the cite And than for to say the sooth for diverse sickness and maladies that he had & also for default of monay that he not might with stand ne tari on his enemies he hied him again in to england with his wife & his meinie leaving behind him in gascoyn the duke of Lancastre & sir edmond earl of Cambrigge with other worthy and orped men of arms ¶ In the xlvi. year of king edward at the ordinance & sending of king edward. the king of Naune come to him to Claringdon to tret with him of certain things touching his were in Normandy where king Edward had left certain seges in his stead till he come again. ¶ But king edward might not sped of that. that he asked him. And so the king of Naun with great worship & great yefts took his leave & went home again ¶ And about beginning of march when the parliament at westminstre wos begun the king asked of the clargi a subsidy of l M. pound the which by a good avisement & by a general ꝯuocation of thee clergy it wos granted and ordained that it should be paid & resed of the lay fee. ¶ And in this parliament at the request & ask of the lords in hatred of men of holy church. the chancellor & the treasurer that were bishops & the clerk of the prive seal were removed and put out of office and in their stead were secular men put in. ¶ And while this parliament lasted there come solemn ambassadors sent fro the pope to treat with the king of peace. & said that the pope desired to fulfil his predecessors will. but for all their coming they sped not of their purpose. ¶ Of the besieging of Rochel and how the Earl of penbruke and his company wos there take in the haven with Spanyardis & all his ships brent· THe ix. day of june king Edward in xlvij. year of his rene held his parliament at wynchestre and it lasted but viiij. days to the parliament were sompned by writ of men of holy church iiij. bishops & iiij abbots with out any more ¶ This parliament wos held for marchantis of london of Norwich. & of other diverse places in diverse things and points of treason that they were defamed of. that is to say that they were rebel and would rise ayens the king ¶ This same year the duke of Lancastre and the earl of Cambrege his brother come out of Goscoyn in to england & took and wedded to their wife's Petres doghters some tim king of spain Of which ij. doughtris the duke had the elder and the earl the younger. ¶ And that same time there were sent ij. Cardinals' fro the pope. That is to say an english cardinal & a cardinale of paris to tret of peace between thes ij. reams the which when they had been both long each in his ꝓuinces & in his places & cuntres fast by: treating of the foresaid peace. at the last they took with them thee letters of ꝓcuracie & went again to rome with out any effect of their purpose. ¶ In this year there wos a strong battle on the se between englishmen & flemming & the englisshme had the victori & took xxv. ships with salt & slaying & drenching all the men that were therein unwitting them that they were of that country And readily much harm had fallen by cause there of ne had peace & accord the son be between them And in this same year the frenshmen besegie the town of Rochel wherefore the earl of penbroke was sent in to gascoyn with a great company of men of arms for to distro the siege the which passed the see and comen save to the haven of Rochel & when they were there at the haven mouth or that they might enter. suddenly come upon them a strong navy of spain the which though overcome thee englishmen in much blemishing hurting & slaying of money people for as much as theenglish men were not than redi for to fight ne warned of them. And in the coming upon the Spanyardis all the english men other they were take or slain & x. of them were wounded to the death & all there shipis brint. & there they took the earl with an huge treasure of the ream of england & money other noble men also on midsummer eve the which is sent Edeldredis day & led them with them in to spain. ¶ And of this mischief wos no great wonder for this earl wos a full ill liver as an open lichour And also in a certain parliament he stod & was against the rightis and franchises of holy church And also he counceled the king and his council that he should ask more of men of holy church than other persons of the lay fe. ¶ And for the king & other of his counsel acceppid & took rather ill opinions & causes against men of holy church. than he did for to defend & maintain the right of holy church. it wos sayne after money times for lake of fortune & grace they had not ne bore away so great victory ne pouer ayens there emnies as they did before. ¶ This same year the king with a great host entered the se to remove theseege of Rochel: but the wind wos even contrari un to him & suffered him not long time to go ferfro the land: wherefore he abode a certain time upon the see costs abiding after a good wind for them & yet come it not. so at the last he come thence with his men to land ward again. & anon as he wos on land the wind began for to turn & wos in an other cost than he wos afore. ¶ How the duke of Lancastre with a great host went in to flanders & passed by Paris through Burgon & through all france till he come to Bordeaux. soon after in the xlviij. year of the reign of king edward the duke of Lancastre with a great power went in to flanders and passed by Paris through Burgon and through all france till he come unto bourdeux with out any manner withstanding of the frenchmen & he did them but little harm safe he took & ransoned money places & tounes & money men & let them after gone frely· ¶ The same year the king sent certain enbassetoure to the pope praying him that he should leave of. and meddle not in his court of the keeping & reservations of benefices in england. & that though that were chosen to bishops sees & dignities freely & with full right might joy & have & be confirmed to the same of their metropolitans & erchebishoppis as they were wont to be of old tyme. ¶ of thes points & of other touching the king & his ream when they had their answer of the pope. the pope enjoined them that they should certefis him again by there lettir of the kings will and of his ream or they determined aught of the foresaid articles. ¶ In the same year died johan the archbishop of york Iohan bishop of Ely. willm bisshhop of Worcestre In whose steeds followed & were made bishoppis be authority of the pope master Alexander nevil to the erchebishoprich of york Thomas of Arundel to thee bisshoprich of Ely. & sir Henri wakseld to the bishop of worcester ¶ In the which time it wos ordained in the parliament that all cathedral churches should joy & have their elections' hole & that the king fro that time afterward should not write ayens them that were choose but rather help than by his letter to their confirmation. & this statuti did much perfect ¶ And in this parliament wos grantid to the king a dime of the clergi & a xv. of lay fe. In the xlix year of the king edward died master willm witlesey erchbishoo of cantorberi & the monks of the same church asked & desierid a Cardinale of England to be erchebishop And therefore the king wos agrevid & had meant & purposed to have exilid the monks of the same house And they spendid much good or they might have the kings graci again and his love but yet would the king not consent ne grant to their election of the Cardinal ne of the pope also ne his Cardinals. ¶ And at the beginning of August it wos tretid & spoken at burges of certain points and articles hanging between the pope & the king of england and this tretis lasted almost ij. year ¶ At the last it wos accorded between them that the pope fro that time forth should not use ne deal with the reservations of benefices in england and that the king should not grant ne let no benefices by his write that is called Quare impidit. But as toching the elettion above said there wos no thing touched ne do. ¶ And that was wyte and put upon certain clerks the which rather supposed and hoped to be advanced & promotid to bisshoppriches which they desired & covetid by the court of rome rather than by any other elections ¶ This same year about candelmasse there met together at Bruges money nobull & worthy men of both sides and reams to treat of peace between tho ij. kings ¶ And this tretis lasted ij. year with great costs & huge expensis of both parties And at the last they went and departed thence with out any accord or effect. the next year after the l year of king Edward iiij. Non̄ of May being yet void and vacand the Erchebisshoprich of cantorburi master Symond sudberi bishop of london wos made archbishop & master willm Courtney that was bishop of Herford was than made bishop of london and the bisshap of Bangore wos made bishop of Herford. ¶ And this same time in a certain tretis and speaking of peace truces wos taken between them of france & england fro midsummer to midsummer come again all an hole year. and about the beginning of April the duke of Bretan with money earls barons and other worthy lords & men of england went over see in to Bretan where he hath had all his lust desire and purpose ne had the foresaid trwies be so soon take the which lettid them much. this same time the isle of Constantine where that the castle of sent savour is in: that long time was fought at: and besieged of the frenshmen wos than yolden to the frenshmen with all the appotenaunces in to great harm and hindering of the ream of england. ¶ And this same year there were so great and so passing hetes and there with all a great pestilence in england and in other diverse parties of the world that it destroyed and slew violently and strongly both men and women with outnombur ¶ This some year died sir edward the lord spenser a worthy knight and a bold And in the minster of Teukesburi worsshipfully is buried And lasting this pestilence the pope at the instance & prayer of a english Cardinal granted to all pepull that died in england that were sorry & repentant for their sinnies and also shriven full remission by two bulls under lead vi months than next to last ¶ In this same year the earl of penbroke was take and ransomed by Bartram Clekyn between Paris and Calais as he come toward england upon sent Etheldredis day the which sent as it wos said the earl often times had offended. & with in a little while after he died. ¶ And in November next after there met at burges the duke of Lancastre & the duke of Angoy with money other lords & prelates of both reams for to tret of peace. ¶ Of the death of prince Edward and of the lord Latimer & da●e Alice peers through whom & her maītenau●es the ream money aday wos misgoverned. NOt long after the li year of king Edwardis reign he let ordain & hold at westminstre the greatest parliament that was sayne money air afrre. ¶ In the which parliament he axed of the commonalty of the ream as he had done be fore a great subsidi to be granted to him for defending of him & of his ream but the communes answered that they were so oft day by day grieved and charged with so money tallages & subsidies that they might no longer suffer no such burthous & charges. and that they knew & witted well enough that the king had enough for saving of him & of his ream if the ream were well & truly governed. but that it had be so long evil governed by evil officers·s that the ream might neither been plenteous of chaffre & merchandise ne also with riches. And in thes things they proffered themself. if the king would certanly to prove and stand by. ¶ And if it were founden & prived afterward that the king had need. they would gladly every man after his power and state him help and len. ¶ And after this were publisshid & showed in the parliament money plaints and defautis of diverse officers of the ream and namely of the lord Latimer thee kings chambrelayn both to the king and eke to the ream. ¶ And also at the last there wos spoken and treated of Dame Alice Pers for the great wrongs and evil governance that was done by her council in the ream. the which dame Alice Pers that the king had holden money day & long time to his leman. wherefore it wos the las wonder though through the frealte of the wamanies exciting and her stering he consented to her lewdness and evil council the which dame Alice & also the lord latimer & other such that moved the king to evil governance against his profit & the reams also all the commonalty axed & desired that they should be moved & put away & in their steeds wise men & worthy that were true & well assayed & proved & of good governance should be put in there stedis. ¶ So among all other there wos on among the communes that wos a wise knight and a true & an eloquent man whose name wos Pers delamare ¶ And this same pers was chosen to be speaker for the comunes in the parliament ¶ And forth is same per told & publesshed the troth & rehearsed the wrongs against the foresaid Dame Alice & other certan persons & the kings council as he was bod by the comuns And also trusting much for to be supportid & maintained in this matter by help and & favour of the prince: anon as the prince wos died at the instance and request of the foresaid dame Alice. This Pers delamare was judged to perpetual prison in the castle of Notyngham in the which he wos ij year & in the vi. Kal. of jule lasting that same parliament died prince Edward king edwardis frist son that is to say in trinity sunday in the worship of which fest he wos wont every year where that ever he were in the world to hold and make the most solemnity that he might ¶ whose name & fortune of knyghthood but if it had be of an other Ector all men both christian and heathen while that he lived & wos in good point wondered much & dread him wonder sore whose body is worsshipfully buried in Crichirche at Cantorburi ¶ And in this same year the men & the earls tenants of werwik arise maliciously against the abbot & covent of Euesham & there tenants & destroyed fiercely the abbot & the town and wounded & bet their men and slew of them money. & went to their manner places & did much harm & break down their ꝑkis & there closes & break & slew there wild beasts & chasid them: breaking their fish pondis hedes & let the water of their pondis stews & rivers run out & token the fish & bear it with them And did them all the sorrow that they might In so farforth that forsooth they had destroyed perpetually that abbey with all their membres & apportenauns but if the king the son had helped it & take heed there to. ¶ And therefore the king sent his letters to the earl of warwick charging him & commanding him that he should stint redress & amend tho evil doers & bakers of his peace. ¶ And so by means of lords & other friends of both sides pes & good accord & love was made between them ¶ And for this hurling as it wos said the king would not be governed at that time by his lords that theridamas were in the parliament but he took & made his son the duke of lancastre his governor of the ream the which stood so still as governor till the time that he died. ¶ The same year anon after Candilmasse or the parliament wos done the king asked a subsidy of the clergy & of the lay fe: & it wos granted him that is to say that he should have of every person of the lafee. both man & woman that passed xiv. year of age iiij. pens out take poer beggars that were known openly for needy poer beggars. And that he should have of every man of holy church that wos beneficed or promoted xij. pens. & of all other that were not promoted iiij. pens out take the iiij. orders of the friars beggars. ¶ Thi● same year after mihelmasse Richard prince edwardis son was made prince of wales to whom the king gave also the duchy of Cornwall with the erledom of Chestre. & about this time the cardinal of englonde the iiij. day before marry magdelene day after met suddenly wos smitten with a palasie & lost his speech & on marry magdelene day died ¶ Of the death of king edward & how sir Iohn Monsterwarth knight wos drawn & hanged for his falseness. Right anon after in the lij. year of king Edward in the beginning of october Pope Gregarie the xi. brought & removed his court with him from Avignon to rome. ¶ And the xij. day of April johan Monsterworth knight at london was draw & hanged & than quartired & sent to iiij chief tounes of england and his heed smitten of & set upon london bridge. for this same Iohn wos full untrue to the king & to the ream & covetous & unstabull. for he took oft times great soumes of monay of the king & his council for men of arms wages that he should have paid them. & took it to his own use. & he dread that at the last he should be shent & acused for the same cause & fled privily to the king of france & was swore to him & become his man & behight him a great navy out of spain in to confusion & destroying of england. ¶ But rightful god to whom no privity is unknown suffered him frist to be shend & spilled or that he so tratoursly & falsely his lige lord the king of englong & his pepull in his ream in the which ground the same johan wos bore wykkedly through battle destroy or bring his cursed purpose about ¶ In the fest of scent George though next after king Edward give to Richard of Bordeaux his heir that wos prince edwardis son. at wyndesor the ordir of knighthood & made him knight the which king edward when he had reigned li. year and more the xi. Kal. of june he died at Shene and is buried worshipfulli at westmynstre on whois soul god have mercy amen. ¶ This king edward was forsooth of a passing goodness & full grecious among all the worthy men of the world for he passed & shone by virtue of grace yef to him fro god a 'bove all his predecessors that were nobull men & worthy. & he wos a well hearted man & a hardy. for he dread never no mish●ppis ne harms ne evil fortune that might fall a nobull weri our and a fortunate. for both on land & see & in all battles and assembles with a passing glory & joy he had the victory. he was meek & benign homeli sober & soft to all manner of men as well to strangers as to his own subgectis & to order that were under his governance ¶ He wos devout & holy both to god & holy church. for he worshipped holp & mayntened holy church & there mynisterres with all manner reveraunce he wos tretabull & well advised in temporal and worldly needs wise in council & discreet & meek to speak with in his dediss & manners gentle & well taught having pit of them that were in disease plenteous in yeveng of benefaites & almose: bisi & curious in byldding & lighili he bear & suffered wrongs & harms & when he was give to any ocupation he left all oder thing for the time & tent there to semly of body & a meyn stature having all way to high & to law a good cheer ¶ And there sprung & shone so much grace of him that what manner man had behold his face or had dreamed of him: he hoped that day that all thing should hap to him joyful & liking. ¶ And he gouned his kingdom gloriously unto his age he was large in yeveng & wise in spences he was fulfilled with all honest of good manners & virtues. under whom to live it wos as for to regne wherefore his fame & his loos sprung so fer that it come in to hethennesse & barborie showing & telling his worthenes & manhood in all lands & that no land under heaven had brought forth so nobull a king so gentle & so blessed. or might raze such an other when he wos deed: ¶ Never the latter lechorie and moving of his flesh haunted him in his age. wherefore the rather as it is to suppose for unmeasurable fulfilling of his lust his life shorted the son. ¶ And here of take good heed like as his dediss berith witnesse· for as in his beginning all things were joyful and liking to him & to all pepull. ¶ And in his mid age he passed all pepull in high joy worship and blessedness. right so when he drew in to age drawing dounward through lechoris & other sins little and little all though joyful and blessed things and ꝓsparite decreced and mishappid & infortunate things & unprofitable harms with money evils began for to spring & the more harm is it continued long time after. CLemens the sixth was pope after Bendict x. year. this man in name & deed was vertuus & money things that benedict was rigus in. he made ease. & certan that he deprivyt he restored. and the rigusnesse of the faith of Benedict was laudabull. But much more laudabull wos the meekness of Clement. ¶ This man wos a nobull preacher. and money sermons he geddrid. & he let no man paasse from him but he give him good council. And deceased a blessed man. Karolus the iiij. was Emperor after Lodewik xxxi. year This man wos the king of Beeme. a wise man & a mighty. And this man wos chosin Emperor by the commandment of Clemens: Lodewik being on live in his contemacy. & be cause he asked meekly the pope's blessing & to be crowned of him. as ather good kings did. Therefore he wos proteckid of god and prevaled over all his enemies. And money faverabull laws he made to spiritual men the which yet ere called Karolma. at the last he deceased a rich man in virtue and goodis. Innocencius the sixth was pope after Clement x. year And he wos a great lover of religious men and he founded a monastery in france of the ordir of Cartusiens and was a great canonyst. Vrbanus the v. wos pape after Innocent This man was abbot of Missolens of the ordir of sent Benet. a doctur and is take for a saint. He made the cross to be prechit ayens the Turks. And he made a pasage to the Turkis·s And to him sent Brygit was sent from christ for the confirmation of their rule. And then he wos poysenned and deceased. Gregory the xi was pope after him viij: year This Gregory did little. And after him followed the tribulation the which our lord showed to sent Brigit for the sin of the clergy. Venselans' son to Karolus a foresaid was Emperor xiv. year. And he wos a child and was chosen when his father was on live: but he took no keep of the empire and when he wos warned money times to take heid unto it and would not. he was deposed For he give all his delight and lust unto lechery. & the end was with out honour for he went greatly from the manners and the vertuus of his nobull father And he wos crowned with the impariall dyodeme and the wisdom of his father passed in to Sygmunde his brother as after shall apeyr. Vrbanus was pope after Gregarie vi. year. This Urban wos chosen in the cite of Rome by the strength of the Romans. but the Cardinals did that for dread. and not willengly. where fore they fled unto the Cite of Fundorum. And they said that he was not Pope. And chose in his place sir Robert of Gebennys the same year the which was called Clement the seven. Nota ¶ And here began the xxij. strife in the church And it was more worse than ever wos any other before. for it was so sotell that the wisest men that were and the best conciencied could not discern with whom it wos best to say and hold. ¶ And this strife durit xl. year with a great slander unto all the clergy and great apparel unto men souls for herisees and other ill things thee which were brought in then. In so much that there wos no doctrine in the church for misdoyng· And there for from this Urban the seven: unto Martin I know not who was pope ¶ The fest of the visitation of our lady was ordained by Urban the sixth. after the form of the Sacrament of the altar for a peace and a unite for to be had among them through the merits of our blessed lady. Bonefacius the ix. was pope after Urban xv. year This boneface was chosen at Rome in the stead of Urban. and the strife continued for Benedictus was chosen in Avignon in the place of Clement and wos called petrue deluna. and he durid to the council of Constantineys. and then he would not abbey but ever abode obstenat. And at the last he deceased in the kingdom of Arragon. And he commanded his cardinailes to chief an other pope the which they did anon. and set up an Idol and named him Clement but they ꝓfettid not. Circa annum domini. M.ccc. & lxxx. ¶ And after king Edward the iij. that wos borne in windsor reigned Richard of burdeux that was prince Edwardis son of wales which prince edward was king edward sone. ANd after the good king Edward the third that wos born at windsor reigned Richard the second that wos the good sir Edwardis son prince of wales which king Richard was borne in the cite of burdeux in gascoyn and wos crowned at westmynstre in the xi. year of his age▪ ¶ And in the second year of his reign for debate that wos between the lord latimer & sir raufe Feriers knight that weren against Hawell & shekel squires for the prisoner that was take in spain by thes ij. squires and the which the lord Latimer & sir raufe Feriers would have had. the which prisoner was the earl of dene that they took in the battle of Spain wherefore thes ij. lords come in to the church at westmynstre and fond this one squire hearing his mass beside sent Edwardis shrine and there they slew him the which was called hawell. And Shakell was arrested & put in the tower of london And there he was long time for he would not deliver the Earl of Dene his prisoner unto thes ij. lords by sir Aleyn Buxhill constable of the tower and by sir synai ferriers on of his adversariers till the king granted him grace. In the iij. year of king richard come the galayes of france in to england unto diverse ports & brent and rob & slew much pepull of england that is to say at wynchelserie and hasting Portesmouth Hamton stormore and gravesend. and did much harm and went home ayene· ¶ And in this same year was a parliament held at westmynstre And at that same parliament wos ordained that every man woman and child that were at the age of xiv year and a 'bove through out all the ream poor folk & other should pay to the tallage iiij: pens. Wherefore come & befell afterward great mischief and much disease to all the commonalty of the ream ¶ And in the iiij. year of king Rechardis reign the comunes arisen up in diverse parties of the ream & did much harm the which they called the builing tyme. ¶ And they of kent & of estsex made them ij. chieftains to rule & govern the company of kent & of estsex That on wos called Jack straw & that oder wat tiler. and they come & assembled them upon the black heath in kent And on the Corpus xpi day & after they come down in southward & break up the prison house. that is to say the kings bench & the marchalsie & delivered out all the prisoners ¶ And so the same day they come in to london & there they rob the pepull & slew all aliens that they might find in the cite & about the cite & despoiled all there goods and made havoc. ¶ And on the friday nex after that was on the morn. & they come than to the tower of london & the king being there in they fet out of the tower the archbishop of Cantorberi sir edmond sudbery & sir Robert halys hospitiler prior & master of scent johanes house. and a white frere that was confessor unto king Richard & brought them to the tower & they smitten of the● hedis and come again to london and slew much pepull of the Cite. ¶ And than they went unto the duke's place of lancastre beyond sent Mary strand that wos called the savoy. & there they devourid & destroyed all the goods that they might find there & bore them a wa and brent up the places ¶ And than after they went to sent iohanes with out smithfield & destroyed the goods theridamas & brent up that house▪ and went to westminster and saint Martin's grant and made them gone out of the scent were all that were with in for any manner of girth: ¶ And than come unto the temple & to all other yns of men of law and despoiled them & rob them of their goods & also tore their books of law. & than they come to london & broke up the prison of new gate and drofe out all the prisoners felons & other. and of both countours and all the pepull that were with in them and destroyed all the books of the countries. ¶ And thus they continued both saturday & sunday unto the monday next after in all their malace & wikkidnesse. ¶ And than on monday king Richard with his lords that were with him that time and with the mayor of london willm walworth that wos that time: come with the aldermen and the comunes of the cite and comen in to southwark to here and to know the entencion of thes rebeles and misgoverned pepull. And this Jack straw than made annoy in the field that all the pepull of accord should come near & hear his clamours and his cry and his will. ¶ And the lords & the mayor and the aldermen with the commonalty having indignation of his covetise and falseness and his foul presumption And anon willm walworth that time being mayor drew out his knife and slew Jack straw. And anon right there did smite of his heed and set it upon a spear shaft & so it was bore through london & set an high upon london bridge. ¶ Anon thes risers & misgoverned men were void & clean vanished as it had nought be they. And than the king of his great goodness & by prayer of his lords made there vi: knightis of good & worthy men of the Cite of london That is to say willm walworth that at that time was mayor & slew Jack straw. And the second was Nicholas brembre & the iij. Iohn Philipot & the iiij. Nicholas twif●●d & the v: Robert lands the vi: Robert gayton. And than the king with his lords & his knights returned again to the tour of london & there he rested him till this pepull were better seced & set in rest and peace And than by process of time as they might get and took thes rebels & risers they hung them upon the next galois in every lordship thurghout the ream of england by xl. & by thirty. by x. & by xij. ever as they might be geten & taken in any parties ¶ And in the v. year of king Richardis regne was the great earth quake & was general through out the world the wedenesday after whitsunday in the year of our lord a. M. ccc.lxxxxi. Wherefore all manner pepull were sore aghast & dreadful long time for dread of vengeauns that our lord shewid and did. ¶ And in the vi. year of king Richard sir Henri spenser bishop of Norwich went with a Croiserie over the see in to the country of Flaunders and there they got the town of graving and the town of broburgh Dunkirk & Newport and there they laded and fraughtid li. ships with pelage for to have comen in to england with thes ships and goodis. ¶ And the bishop of Norwich and his council let burn thes ships with all the pelage in the same haven all in to hard ashes and at Dunkirk wos done a great battle between the flemings and the Englishhmen And at that battle were slain a great multitude of thes flemings & an huge nombure ¶ And than went thee bishop with his retenew to Ypers and besieged it a long time but it might not be gotten. And so left that siege and comen again in to england For our englishmen were foully destroyed and money died on the flux. ¶ And in this same year come the Queen Anne in to england for to be spoused to king Richard And her father was Emperor of Almaigne And king of Beme ¶ And with her come the Duke of Tassi her uncle and money other worthy lords and knights of her country of beam and of other duche tongues to do her reverraunce & worship And sir Symond beuerle a worthy knight of the garter & other knights & squires that were the kings embassetours brought her in to england & so forth to london And the peel of the cite that is to say the mare & the aldermen and all the comunes ridden against her to welcum her and every man in good array and every craft with his mynstral see in the best manner met with her on the black heath in Kent and so brought her unto London through the cite and so forth unto west minster unto the kings palace. And there she was spoused unto king Richard well and worthily in the abbey of westmynstre & there she wos crowned queen of england▪ And all her friends that come with her. had great yefts and weren well cherid and refreshed as long time as they biden ther. ¶ And in this same year there was a battle done in the kings palace at westminster for certain points of treason between sir johan Ansley knight defendant. And Carton squire the appellaunt. But this sir Iohn of Ansley over come this Carton. and made him to yield him within the lists. ¶ And anon wos this Carton despoiled of his harness and draw out of the lists and so forth to Tyburn & there he wos hanged for his falsenese ¶ And in the viij. yet of the reign of king Richard. sir Edmond of Langley earl of Cambrige the kings uncle went in to portyngale with a fair m●ny of men of arms and archers in strengthing and helping of thee king of Portugal against the king of spain and his power. & there the king of portugal had the victory of his enemies thurghe help and comforth of our englisshmen·s ¶ And when that journey wos done the earl of Cambrigge come home again with his pepull in to england in haste blessed be god and his blessed yeft amen ¶ And this same year king Richa●d held his Cristemasse in the manner of Eltham ¶ And the same time the king of Ermoyne fled out of his own land and come in to england for to have help an succour of our king against his enemies that had driven him out of his own ream. And so he wos brought unto the king to Eltham there as the king held his rial fest of Cristemase ¶ And there our king welcomed him and did him much reverence and worship and commanded all his lords to make him all the cheer that they could. And than he besought the king of grace and of help and of his comforths in his need ¶ And that he might be brought again to his kingdom and land. For the Turks had devoured and destroyed much part of his land. and for dread how he fled and come hither for succour and helppe· ¶ And then the king having on him pit and compassion of his great mischief and grievous disease anon he took his council and asked what wos best to done ¶ And they answered and said yif it liked him to yef him any good it were well done. And as touching his pepull for to travel so far in to out lands it were a great iuꝑdie And so the king gave him gold & silver and money rich yefts and jewels and betaught him to god. And so he passed again out of Englond ¶ And in this same year king Richard with a rial power went in to scotland for to were upon the scots for the falseness and destruction that the scots had done unto englishmen in the marches And than the scots come down unto the king for to tret with him & with his lords for truces as for certain years. ¶ And so our king & his council grant them truces certain years to their asking. & our king turned him again in to england And when he wos cumin unto york there he abode and rested him theridamas ¶ And there sir Iohn Holland the earl of kentis brother slew the earl son of Stafford & his heir with a dagger in the cite of York wherefore the king wos sore annoyed & grieved and removed thence & come to london ¶ And the mayor with the aldermen & the commons with all the solemnity that might be done ridden against the king and brought him rialli through the cite and so forth unto westminster unto his own palace: ¶ And in the ix. year of king Richardis reign he held a parliament at westminster & there he made ij. dukes & a marqueyes and u· Earls. ¶ The first that was made duke was the kings uncle sir Edmond of langlee earl of Cambrigge & him he made duke of york ¶ And his other uncle sir Thamas of woodstock that was earl of Bukkyngham him he made duke of gloucester & sir Lion ue● that was earl of Oxford him he made markeys of Dyvelyne. ¶ And Henri of Balynbroke the duke son of Lancastre him he made earl of Derby. ¶ And sir Edward the duke's son of york him he made earl of Ruttelond sir Iohn Holland that was the earl of kentis brother him he made earl of Hontingdon. ¶ And sir Thomas Mombray earl of Nottingham and earl Martial of Englond. And sir Michael de la pole knight him he made earl of Southfolke & Chancelar of Englond ¶ And the earl of the march at that same parliament holden at westmynstre in plain parliament amongis all the lords and communes was proclaimed earl of the march and heir Parent to the crown of england after king Richard the which earl of the march went over see in to Irland unto his lordshippis and landis. For thee earl of march is earl of vlster in Irland & by rightline & heritage ¶ And there at the castle of his he lay that time. & their come upon him a great multitude in busshementis of wild Irishmen him for to take and destroy And he come out fiercely of his castill with his pepull & manli fought with them. & there he was take & he wall to pieces & there he died on whose soul god have merci. ¶ And in the ten year of king Richardis regne. the earl of Arundel went to the se with a great navy of ships enarmid with men of armis. & good archers And when they come in thee broad see they met with thee hole ●lete that come with win lade from Rochill the which wine were enemies goodis. And there our navy set upon them and took them all and brought them unto diverse ports & havens of england & sum to london. and there ye might have had a ton of Rochill wine of the best for xx. shilling sterling and so we had great chep wine in Englond that time thanked be god almighty. ¶ How the v. lords arisen at Rattecot bridge ANd in thee regne of king Richard thee xi. year thee v. lords arisen at Rattecot bruggee in thee destruction of rebels that weren that time in all thee ream. ¶ The frist of v. lords was sir Thomas of woodstock the kings uncle. & duke of glocestre. & the second was sir Richard earl of Arundel. & the three was sir Richard earl of werwik. the iiij. was sir Henri bolinbroke earl of Derby. the v. was sir Thomas Mombray earl of Nottingham. ¶ And thes v. lordie saw the mischief & misgovernance & the falseness of the kings council. wherefore they that were that time chief of the kings council fled out of this land over the see that is to say sir Alexander Nevell the archbishop of york & sir Robert leweermarkis of develyn & earl of Oxford. and sir michel de la Pobe earl of Southfolke & chancellr of Englond And thes iij. lords went over see· and come never again for there they died. ¶ And than thes v. lords above said made a parliament at westminster And there they took sir Robert Tresiliam the justice and ser Nicholl Brembre knight and citesen of london and sir johan Salusburi a knight of the kings household and uske sergeant of arms and money moo of othir pepull were taken and judged unto the death by the council of thes v. lords in their parliament at westminster for the treason that they put upon them to be drawn from the tour of London through out the Cite and so forth unto Tyburn and there they should be hanged and there throtis to be cut and thus they were served & died. ¶ And after that in this same parliament at westmynstre wos sir Symond Beule that was a knight of the garter & sir johan beauchamp knight that wos steward of the kings household. and sir james berner's were foriugged unto the death and than they were led on foot to the tour hill and there were there hedes smitten of and money other moo. by thes u· lords ¶ In this same parliament and in the xij. year of king Richardis reign he let cri & ordain a general justis that is called a tournament of lords knights & squires And this justis and tournament war held at london in smithfield of all manner of strangers of what land or country that ever they were and thither they were right wolcum and to them and to all other wos holden upon household And great festes and also great yefts there yefen to all manner of strangers. ¶ And of the kings side were all of suit their coats there armur shields horse trappure And all wos white hearts with crowns about their necks and chains of gold hanging there upon & the crown hanging law before the hearts body the which heart wos the kings livery that he give to lords & lady's knights & squires for to know his howseold from othir pepull ¶ And in this fest coming to their justis xxiv. ladies led thes xxiv. lords of the garther with chines of gold and all the same suits of hearts as is before said from the tour on horsbake through the cite of london in to smythfeld there that the justis should be holden. ¶ And this fest & justis was hold general for all though that would come thither of what land or nation that ever th●y were. ¶ And this was hold during xxiv days of the kings cost: And thes xxiv. lords to answer all manner pepull that would come thither▪ ¶ And thieder come thee earl of scent Paul of france and money other worthy knights with him of diverse parties full well arrayed: and out of Holland & Henaud come the lord Ost revaunt that wos the duke's son of holand and money other worthy knights with him of Holland & full well arrayed ¶ And when this fest & justing was ended the king thankid thes strangers & gave them money rich yefts ¶ And than they token there leave of the king & of othir lords & lady's & wenten home again in to there own countries with great love and much thank. ¶ And in the xiij. year of king Richardis regne there was a battle done in the kings palace at westminstre between a squire of Naverne that wos with the king Richard. and an other squire that wos called Iohn welsh for pointee of treason that this Naune put upon this walshmen. but this naune wos over comen & yield him creaunt to his adusarie. ¶ And anon he wos despoled of his armour & draw out of the palace to tiburne & there was hanged for his falseness ¶ And the xiv. year of king Richardis reign sir Iohn of gaunt duke of Lanc●stre went over the see in to spain for to challenge his right that he had by his wife's title unto the crown of spain with a great host of pepull of men of arms and archers: ¶ And he had with him the Duchisse his wife and his iij· daughters over see in to spain And there they were a great while. & at the last the king of spain began for to tret with the duke of Lancastre & they were accerded together through there both council in this manner that the king of spain should wed the dukes daughter of lancastre that was the right heir of spain and he should yef unto the Duke of lancastre gold and seluer that were cast in to great wegges & money other jewels as money as viij. charietes might carry ¶ And every year after during the life of the duke of Lancastre & of the duchess his wife x. M. mark of gold Of which gold the adventure & charges they of spain should adventure & bring yearly unto Bayon to the dukes assigns by surite made: ¶ And also the duke married an oder of his daughters unto the king of Portugal the same tyme. And when he had done thus he come home again in to england & the good lady his wife also. but money a worthy man upon the flux died. ¶ And in the xv. year of king Richardis reign he held his cristemmase in the manner of woodstock. & the earl of Penbroke a young lord & tender of age would learn to Just with a knight that was called sir Iohn sent Iohn & ridden to gether in the park of woodstock And there this worthy earl of penbroke was slain with that othir knights spear as he kest it from him when they had coupled. and thus this good earl made there his end and there for the king & the queen made much sorrow for his death ¶ And in the xvi. year of king Richardis reign Iohn hende being that time mayor of london & johan walworth & Henri ●anner being sheriffs of london that same time a bakers man bore a basket of horsebread in to fletstret toward on hostry & there come a young man of the bishops of Salisberi that wos called roman and he took an horse loaf out of the basket of the bakers. & he asked him why he did so. and this roman turned again & brake the bakerhede. And neighbours come out and would have a rested this roman & he broke from them & fled to the lords place & the constabull would have had him out but the bishops men shut fast the yates & keeped the place that no man might enter And than much more pepull gathered thither and said that they would have him out or else they would burn up the place and all that were therein ¶ And than come the mayor and sheriffs with other much pepull & cessed the malice of the comunes & made every man to go hom to their houses & keep the peace: ¶ And this romans lord their bishop of Salisburi master johan waltham that at that time was treasurer of england went to sir Thomas Arundel archbishop of york & chancellor of england & there the bishop made his complaint unto the chancellor upon the pepull of the cite of london. ¶ And than thes ij. bishops of great malace & vengeance come unto the king to windsor & made a great complaint upon the mayor & sheriffs And anon all the cite afterward were before the king & his council. & they cast unto the cite a grievous heart and wonder great malice ¶ And anon sodenli the king sent after the mayor of london & for the. ij· sheriffs & they come to him unto the castle of windsor And the king rebukid the mayor & sherives full foul for the offence that they had done ayens him and his officers in his chambur at london. Wherefore he deposit and put out the mare and both sheriffs & this wos done a xiv days afore the feast of sent johan baptest ¶ And than the king called to him a knight that wos called sir Edward dalingrigge & made him warden & gaunour of the cite & chambur of london & over all his people therein. ¶ And so he keeped that office but iiij weeks be cause that he wos so gentle and tendir to the citizens of london. Wherefore the king deposit him and made sir Baudwyn radyngton knight that was courtrouller of the kng housold warden & governor of his chambre and of his pepull therein. and cheese to him ij. worthy men of the cite to be shirives with him for to gaune and keep the kyngee laws in the cite· on was called Gilbert mawefeld and that other Thomas Newenton sheriffs: and than the mayor and the ij sheriffs and all the aldermen with all the worthy crafts of london went on foot unto the tower. and there come out the Constable of the tower & gave the mayor and the sheriffs their oath & charge as they should have take in the exchequer of westmynstre in the kings court of his justices and Barons of the Escheker and than went they home again. ¶ And than the king and his council for the great malace and despite that they had to the cite of london removed all his courtis from westmynstre unto the cite of york that is to say the Chancellor the exchequer the kings bench and the common place· & there they held all thes courts of law fro midsummer that is to say the fest of scent Iohn baptist unto the fest of cristemase next suing And than the king and his council saw it not so ꝓfitabull there as it wos at london: than anon he removed it again unto london & so to westminstre for great ease of his offics & a vantage to the king and all the comunes of the ream ¶ And when the pepull of london saw & knew that thes courts were come again ¶ And the king & his pepull also. than the mayor & the aldermen with thee chief comunes of the cite let gather a great sum of gold of all the comunes of the cite And ordained & made great rialte against his coming to london for to have his grace & good lordship & also their liberties & fraunchies granted unto them again as they were wont to have afore time ¶ And thoru great instance & prayer of the queen and of othhir lords and ladies the king granted them grace & this wos done at sheen in sutherei. ¶ And than the king with in ij. days after come to london And the mayor of the cite with sheriffs aldermen & all the worthy men of the cite afterward ridden ayens him in good array unto the heath on this side the manner of sheen submitting them hūb●ly and meekly with all manner obeisance unto him as they ought to do ¶ And thus they brought the king & the queen to london And than the king come to the gate of thee brugge of london there they presented him with a milk white stedesadiled & bridled & trapped with cloth of gold & rede ꝑtied to gether And the queen a palfrey all white in the same array trappid with white and red & all the condites of london ran with wine both white and red for all manner pepull to drink that would ¶ And bitwen sent Paul'S & the cross in cheppe there was made a stage a rial standing upon high & therein were money angels with diverse melodies & song ¶ And than an Angel come down from the stage an high by a vice and set a croune of gold pight with rich pearl and precious stonies upon the kings heed and an other upon the queens heed And so the citizens brought thee king and the queen unto west minster in to there palace And than on the morn after the mayre and the sheriffs and the aldermen of london come unto the king in to his palace at westminstre and presentid him with ij. basins of silver and over gilted full of coined gold the soum of xx. hundreth pound praying him of his high mercy and grace and lordship and special grace that they might have his good love with the liberties and frauncheses like wise as they were word for to have be fore times & by his letters patentis and his chartri confirmed. ¶ And the queen & other worthy lords & ladies fell on knees & besought the king of grace to confirm this ¶ Than the king took up the queen & granted her all her ask. & than they thanked the king & the queen & went home again ¶ And in the xvi. year of king Richardis regne certayn lords of scotland come in to england for to get worship as be feet of arms. Thes were the persons the earl of Marre & he chalengid the earl Marchall of england to just with him certain points on horseback with sharp spears & they ridden together as ij worthy knights & lords certain courses. but not the full challenge that the scots earl mado. for he was cost both horse and man: & ij. of his ribs broken with that fall and so he was borne then out of smygthefeld hom unto his yn. And with in a little time after he wos carried homeward in a litter and at york there he died And sir willm Darell knight & though the banner of scotland than made an other challenge with Sir Pers courtayn knight and the kings banerer of england of certain courses yet on horse bake in the same field. & when he had ridden certain curses & assayed he might not have the better. he give it over & would no more of his challenge with sir Pers courtayn knight and the kings banner of england and turned his horse & road home unto his own yn: ¶ And one Cokkeborne a squire of scotland challenged sir Nicholl hawbarke knight of certain courses yet with sharp spears on horsbake & ridden v. courses together & at every course the scot was casten down both horse and man. & thus our english lords thankid be god had the field ¶ And in the xvij. year of king Richard's reign died the good gracious queen Anne that wos wife to king Richard in the manner of sheen in the shire of fur upon whitsunday. and than wos she brought to london & so to westmynstre and there ●os she buried & worthily entered beside sent edwardis shrine. on whose soul almighty god have pit and in his mercy amen ¶ How king Richard spoused dame Isabella the kings daughter of france in the town of Calais & brought her in to england & let her be crouned queen in the abbey of scent Petres of westmynstre: IN the xx· year of king richardis regne he went him over see unto Calais with Dukis Erles Lordis and Barons and money other worthy squires with great array & commune pepull of the ream in good array as longed to such a king & pnnce of his nobley & of his own person to do him reverence & observance as aught to be done to their liege lord & so mighti a king & emperor in his own. to abide & receive there that worthy & gracious lady that should be his wife a young creature of nineteen. year of age dame Isabella the kings daughter of france and money other worthy lords of great name both barons and knights with much other pepull that comen unto the town of graving and ij. dukis of france. that on was the duke of Burgoyn and that other the duke of Bar that would no ferther less than they had pledges for them ¶ And than the king Richard delivered ij. pledges for them to go safe and come save his two worthy uncles the duke of Gloucestre & the duke of york ¶ And thes two went over the water of graving and abeden there as for pledges unto the time that the marriage & the fest was done & that thes ij. dukis of france were comen again unto Gravening water. ¶ And when thes ij. worthy dukes comen over the water at graving and so to calais with this worsshipfull lady Dame Isabella that wos the kings daughter of france and with her come money a worthy lord & eke lady and knights and squires in the best array that might be And there they met with our menay at Calais the which welcomed her & her many with the best honour and reverence that might be. and so brought her in to the town of Calais. ¶ And there she wos received with all the solemnity and worship that might be done unto such a lady And than they brought her unto the king & the king took her & welcomed her and all her fair company and made there all the solemnity that might be done. ¶ And than the king and his council ask of the french lords whether all the covenants & forwards with the composition that were ordained & made on both parties should be truly keeped and hold between them. ¶ And they said ye. and there they swore & took their charge upon a book & made their oath well & truly it to hold in all manner of points & covenants with out contradiction or delay in any manner wise. ¶ And than wos she brought unto sent Nicholas church in Calais & there she wos worthily wedded with the most solemnity that any king or queen might be. with Erchebisshoppis & bishops & all the ministers of holy church And than they were brought home unto the Castle and set to meet ¶ And were served with all manner of delicacy of rial metis and drinks plentevousli to all manner of straungeiss and all other and no creature warned that fest. but all were welcum. for there were great halls and tentis set upon the green with out the castil to receive all manner of pepull and every office ready for to serve them all. and thus this worthy marriage was solemnly done: and ended with all rialte. ¶ Than thes: ij dukes of france with their pepull token there leave of the king and the queen and went again unto Gravening water. And there the frensh lords that is to say the ij. dukes and all there meinie weren come over the water to graving and there they met. and euerichon took leave at other and so they departed. and our lords comen again unto Calais & the french lords wenten over the water and so home in to france ayen· ¶ And anon after the king made him ready with the queen and all his lords and ladies & all their people with them and come over thee see in to Englond and so unto london. And the mayor and the sheriffs with all the aldermen and worthy communes ridden against them unto the black heath in Kent: & there they met with thee king and the queen and wolcomed them & that in good array and every man in the clothing of his craft & there minstrels before them. ¶ And so they brought them unto sent Gregoris bar in southwark and there they token there leave And the king and the queen ridden to Kenyngton & than the pepull of london turned home again. ¶ And in turning again to london brigge there was so great pnse of people both on horse & on foot. that therwer deed on the brigge xi· persons of men & women & of children on whose souls almighty god have pited and mercy amen. ¶ And than afterward the queen wos brought unto the tower of londoon & there she was all night. and on the morrow she wos brought through the cite of london all over so forth unto westmynstre & there she wos crouned queen of Englond. & than she wos brought again to the kings palace & there wos held an open and rial fest at her coronation of all manner pepull that thither come. and this wos done the sunday next after the fest of scent Clement in the xx year of king Richardis regne. ¶ And than the xxv. day of August next after by evil excitation & false council & for great wrath and malice that the king had of old time unto his uncle the good duke of Gloucestre and to the earl of Arundel and to the earl of warwick. Anon the king by his evil excitation & his evil council and malice. late in the evening on the same day above said made him ready with his strength & road in to Estsex unto the town of Chelmesford & so come to plash suddenly their sir Thomas of woodstock the good duke of gloucester lay. And the good duke come to welcum the king anon. ¶ And the king a rested the good duke himself his own body. & so he was lad down to the water and annone put to a ship & anon had to trais and brought in to the captains ward to be keeped in hold by the kings commandment of england. ¶ And that time the earl Marchall wos capitain of Calis And anon after by commandment of the king and by his false council commanded the capitain to put him to the death ¶ And anon certain yeomen that had the good duke in keeping took their council how that they should put him unto death ¶ And this was their oppoyntment that they should come upon him when he were in his bed and a sleep on a feather bed And anon they bond him hand & foot & charged him to lie still. & when that they had done thus they token two small towelliss and made on them ij. rid knottis & cast the towelliss about his nee & than they took the fethir bed that lay undir him & cast it above him and than they drew their towelliss each weis and sum lay upon the fethir bed upon him unto the time that he was deed by cause that he should make nonoyse and thus they strangled this worthy duke unto the death on whose soul god for his high pit have mercy amen. ¶ And when the king had a rested this worthy duke and his uncle & sent him to Calais he come again unto london in all the haste with an wonder great pepull And as soon as he was comen he sent for the earl of Arundel & for the good Earl of warwike: ¶ And anon as they come he arrested them himself sir Iohn Cobham & sir Iohn Cheyn knights he arrested them in the same manner till he made his parliament. & anon they werput in to hold but the earl of Arundel went at large unto the parliament time For he fond sufficient sureti to abide the law & to answer to all manner points that the king and his council would put up on him. ¶ And in the xxi. year of king Richardis reign he ordained him a parliament at westmynstre the which wos called the great parliament And this parliament wos made for to jug this iij. worthy lords & other more as them list at this time ¶ And for that judgement the king let make in all the hast along house & a large of timber the which wos called an hall & covered with tiles over & it was oppin all about on both sides & at the endis that all manner of men might see through out and there the doom was holden upon thes foresaid lords & judgement yef at this foresaid parliament ¶ And for to cum unto this parliament the king sent his write to every lord baron knight & every squire in every shire through out England that every lord gather & bring his retenew with him in as short time & in the best array that they might get in maintaining & in strengthing of the king ayens them that were his enemies & that this were done in all the haste. & they come to him in pain of death ¶ And the king himself sent in to Chestershire to chivetans of that country. & they gathered & brought a great & a huge multitude of pepull both of knightis & squires & principally of yeomen of Chestershire the which yeomen and archers the king took to his own court & give them bouge of court & good wages to be keepers of his own body both by night & by day above all other persons & most loved & best trust The which soon afterward turned the king to great loss & shame hyndring & his utterly undoing & destrucion as ye shall here after. & that time come sir Henri of Derby with a great meinie of men of arms & archers and the earl of Rutland come with a strong power of pepull both of men of arms & archers ¶ And the earl of Kent brought a great power of men of arms & archers. The earl Marchall come in the same manner. the lord Spenser in the same manner. the earl of northumberland & sir Henri Percy his son. & sir Thomas Percy the erlis brother. And all thes worthy lords brought a fair meinie & a strong power & each man in his best array: & the duke of lancastre & the duke of york comen in the same manner with men of arms and archers following the king. ¶ And sir willyam strop treasurer of england come in the same manner And thus in this array come all the worthy men of this land unto our king. & all thes pepull come to london in on day. in so much that every street & lane in london & in the subarbes were full of them logged & x. or xij. mile about london every way: And these pepull brought the king at westmynstre & went home again to there logging both horse and man. & than on the monday the xij. day of September the parliament began at westminstre the which was called the great parliament. ¶ And on the friday next after the earl of arundel wos brought in to the parliament among all the lords and that wos on sent Matheves day the apostle and evangelist there he was for jugged unto the death in this hall that wos made in. the palace at westmynstre. And this wos his judgement. he should go on foot with his hands bound behind him from thee place that he wos juggid in. and so forth through the Cite of london unto the tour hill and his heed to be smitten of and so it was do in deed in the same place. And vi. of thee great lords that sat on his judgement ridden with him unto the place there he was do unto thee death. & so to see the execution were done after there doom. ¶ And by the kings commandment with them went on foot of men of armis and archers a great multitude of Chestre shire men in strengthing of thee lords that brought this Earl to his death for they dread lest thee Earl should be received & takin from them when they come in to london. Thus he passed forth through the cite unto his death. and there ●e took it full pacienclis on whose soul god have mercy amen. ¶ And than come the friars austyn's and took up the body & the heed of this good earl & bore it home unto their place and buried him in there quere. And in the morrow after wos sir Richard earl of werwike brought in to the parliament there as the earl of Arundel wos for iugged. and they gave the earl of Werwike the same judgement that the foresaid earl had but the lords had compassion of him be cause he was of more age and relesed him to perpetual prison and put him in thee I'll of man. ¶ And than the monday next after. The lord Cobhan of kent & sir Iohn Cheyn knyghtie were brought in to the parliament in to the same hall and there they were jugged to be hanged and drawn but through the prayer and great instance of all the lords that judgement wos forgiven them and released to perpatuall prison ¶ And this same time was Richard Whittyngdon mayor of Londoni. & Iohn wodecoke & willm Askam sheriffs of london ¶ And they ordained at every gate of london during this same parliament strong watch of men of arms & archers & through out every ward also. ¶ And the king made .v. Dukis on Duchisse and a Markeys and four Earls & thee frist of them wos the Earl of Derby & he wos made duke of Herford. & thee second was the Earl of rutland and he wos made Duke of Awe marvel. and the third was earl of Kent & wos made thee Duke of Surre. and the iiij: was thee earl of Huntingdone & he wos made duke of Excestre. & the fifth wos the earl of Nottingham & he wos made thee Duke of Norfolk. and the earl of Somerset he wos made the marquis of Dorset. & the lord Spenser was made earl of Gloucestre. & the lord Nevil of raby wos made earl of westmoreland. & sir Thomas Percy wos made earl of worcester. ¶ And sir Willm Scrope that was treasurer of england he wos made earl of wilteshire and sir johan Montagu earl of salisburis ¶ And when the king had thus done he held the parliament and rial fest unto all his lords and to all manner of pepull that thither would come ¶ And this same year died sir johan of gaunt the kings uncle and duke of Lancastre in the bishops in in holborn & was brought from thence to sent Paul's and their the king made and held his interment well & worthily with all his lords in the church of sent Paul's in london & there he wos buried beside Dame blanch his wife that wos daughter & heir to the good Henri that was duke of Lancastre. ¶ And in the same year there fell a dissension between the duke of Herford & duke of Norfolk in so much that they waged battle & casten down their gloves and than they were taken up and enseled & the battle joined & the day set & the place assigned where & when. And this should be at coventry And thither come the king with all his lords at that day & wos set in the field. and than these two worthy lords comen in to the field well and clean armed and well arrayed with all there wapen & ready to done their battle and weren ready in the place for to fight at utterance. ¶ But the king bade them cese and took thee quarrel in to his hand. ¶ And forth with right there present exiled the duke of Herford for term of x. year & the duke of norfolk for ever more ¶ And sir Thomas arundel archbishop of Cantorbury wos exiled the same time for ever & depesit out of his see for malice of the king: and anon thes iij. worthy lords were commanded and defended the kings ream And anon they got them ships at diverse havens & went over the see in to diverse lands each his way. ¶ And the duke of norfolk went to venice and there he died on whose soul god have mercy amen. ¶ And than king Richard made a clerk of his sir rogier Walden Ercheaisshop of Cantorburi ¶ And in the xxij. year of king Richardis reigned by false council imagination of Covetous men that were about him were made and ordained blank charters and made them to be enseled of all manner rich men through out the ream In so much that they compelled diverse pepull to set their seal there to. And this wos done for great covetise wherefore all good hearts of the ream were clean turned away from him that was king ever after. ¶ And that was uttirly destruction and end to him that was so high and excellent prince & king and through covetous & false council falsely betrayed Alas for pit that such a king might not see ¶ And than king Richaid set his kingdom and his rial land of england to firm unto iiij. persons the which were thes. Sir willm strop earl of wylnteshire & treasurer of england. & sir Iohn bush & Henri Grene & sir Iohn Bagot knights which that returned them to mischief & death with in a little tyme. as ye shall afterward find here writtyn ¶ And than king Richard made great ordinance & went him over see in to Irland & moni great lords with him with great hostis for to strength their king with men of arms archers & much great stuf & right good ordinance as longed unto were ¶ And or he passed over the se he ordand & made sir Edmond of Langley his uncle the duke of york his lieutenant of england in his absent with the governance & council of thes iiij: knights that had take england to farm of the king And than he passed the se. & come in to Irland & their wos well & worthily reseyved ¶ And these rebels that been called wild Irishmen condoune to the king & yield them to him both body and goods all at his own will. & swore unto him to be his liege men. & there to him did their homage & fealty & good service. And thus he conquered the most party of Irland in little time ¶ And while that king Richard was thus in Irland sir Henri of Bolingbroke earl of Derby that the king had made before Duke of Herford the which duke the king had exiled out of this land was comen again in to england for to challenge thee dukedom of Lancastre as for his right & true heritage. And he come down out of france by land unto calais ¶ And there met him Sir Thomas of arundel that wos archbishop of Cantorburi that wos exiled out of england. & with him come the earl of Arundel his son & heir the which was in ward and keeping of sir jon shelley knight sum time with the Earl of Huntingdone and with the Duke of Excestre thee which wos tho in thee Castle of Reigate in Southsex. And there he stole him away and come to Calais and there he wos keeped well and worthily till these other two lords wercomen to Calais. And than this worthy Duke and the archbishop of Cantorburi Arundel shippid in the haven of Calais and drew their course northward and arrived in York shire at Ravensporne fast by wydelyngton and there he come and entered thee land and two lords with him and there many. ¶ And than much pepull of the ream that herd of his coming and knewen where that he was anane they drew unto him and welcomed these lords and so coraged them in all manner thing and passed forth in to the land and gathered. much pepull ¶ And when king Richard herd and witted that these ij. lords were cumen again in to england and were londid. ¶ Than the king left his ordinance in Irland & come in to englondward in all the haste that he might & come to thee castle of flint and there he abode for to take his council & what might be done but to him come none: ¶ And than sir Thomas Percy Earl of worcestre that was the kings Stiwarde wist & knew this. anon he come in to the hall amongs all the pepull. and he broke thee yard of the rial kings household and anon every man wos disꝑ bled and every man went his way and for soak their master & sovereign lord & left him alloyn. ¶ And thus wos king Richard brought down and destroyed and stoden himself alone without comforth or succour or any good council of any man alas for pite of this rial king. ¶ And anon come tidings that sir Henri of Bolingbroke wos up with a wonder strong power of pepull & that all the squires of england risen up thee shires in strengthing of him again thee king Richard And thus soon wos come out of thee north country to Bristol and there he met with sir willm Scrope earl of wylteshire treasurer of england and with sir johan bush and sir Henri Grene and johan Bagot but he ascapid from them & went over these in to Irland and thes iij. knights were taken and their hedis smitten of And thus they died for their false covetise ¶ And than wos king Richard take and brought unto the duke. and anon the duke put him in fast ward and strong hold unto his coming to london. And than was there a romer in london & a strong noise that king Richard come to westmynstre. & the pepull of london ran thither & would have done much harm and scathe in their woodenness had not the mayor & the aldermen & other worthy men seced them with fair words & turned them home again unto London. ¶ And there wos sir johan Slake deyn of the kings chapel of westminster take & brought to london & put in prison in Ludgate. ¶ And bagot was take in Irland & brought to london & put in prison in newgate there to bekeped and to abide his answer. ¶ And soon after thee Duke brought king Richard privily unto london and put him in the tower under sure keeping as a prisoner And than come the lords of the ream with all their council unto the tower to king Richard & said to him of his misgovernance & extortion that he had done made & ordained to oppress all the comine pepull & also to all the ream. ¶ Wherefore all the common people of his ream would have him deposit of his kingdom. And so he was deposit at that time in the tower of london by all his lords council. & common assent of all the ream ¶ And there he wos put from the tower unto the castle of ledes in kent & there he wos kepeid a while & than was he had from thence unto the castle of Pounfret in the north country to be keeped in prison & soon afterward right there he made his end. And then when king Richard was deposit and had resyned his croune and his kyndom and was keeped fast in h●ld. than all the lords of the ream with the comunes assent and by accord choose this worthy lord Sir Henri of Bolingbroke earl of Derbi duke of Herford and duke of Lancastre by right line and heritage & for his rightfoll manhood that the pepull fond in him before all other they chose him & made him king of Englond amongis them INnocencius the seven. was chosin at Rome and lived but ij. year & then Gregory the xij. was after him xij: year. & ever was debate. Then wos Alexander chosen in the counsel of Pysan. and he wos called frist Petrus de Candia. & so wos put strife to strife everyone of those iij. said they were pope. Then was there a council at Pysan where they began to make a concord & there they deposit ij. and the third stood & so worse division was made then before: for that they ordant prevalid not. Robart was Empraur after Wensolans ix. year This man wos the duke of Banary and the earl of Palatyn a just man and a good. and wos crowned of Boneface the ix. This man entered Italy with a great host of almains against Iohn the duke of Galias. but with an heavy boast he returned again. & wos had worthy to suffer for his rightwiseness: johan the twenty-three. succedit Alexander iiij· year and frist he began well. for a unite. & he wos in the counsel at Constant and offered him to resine the pope hood and after secretly and untruly he fled away. but it profited not him. for he wos take and constrened to peace. and wos made a Cardinalle & buried at florence. Sigismundus wos emperor after robert xxvij year And he wos son to Karolus & king of ungarie and most cristyn prince: & he wos so devout to god that he deseruied to be cannonysit. This man holp the church through his meruelus prudens and wit. for he sparid no labour ne nothing that he had till he had made a full peace among the clergy. And he had ix. battles ayens the Turk. and he ever had the victory. & what more. all thing that ever wos written in loving to Constantine Theodosio Karolo Otto may truly be writtyn of him And he was crowned in ungrie & decessed a blessed man. Circa annum domini. M.iiijC. ●. ¶ Of sir Henri of Bolinbroke earl of Derby that reigned after king Richard which wos the iiij. henri after the conquest ANd after king richard the ij· wos deposed and out of his kingdom The lords and the comunes all with one assent and all other worthy of the ream chosen sir Henri of Bolingbroke earl of Derby son and heir of Iohn the duke of Lancare for his worthy manhood that oft time had be found in him & in deed proved upon scent Edwardis day the confessor he wos crowned king of england at westmynstre by all the ream assent next after the deposing of king Richard ¶ Than he made Henri his heldist son prince of wales and duke of cornwall and earl of Chestre. ¶ And he made sir Thomas of Arundel archbishop of Cantorburi again as he wos before. ¶ And sir roger Walden that king Richard had made Erchebishop of Cantorberi he made him bishop of london. for that time it stod void And he made the earls son of Arundel that come with him over the se from Calais in to england. He made him earl of Arundel as his father had been and put him in possession of all his londis. ¶ And he made homage and fealty unto his liege lord thee king as all other lords had done. ¶ And than anon died king rechard in the castle of Pountfret in the north country For there he wos enfamed unto the death by his keeper For he wos keeped there iiij. or v. days from meet & drink and so he made his end in this world. yet much pepull in england & in other lands said that he was on live money a year after his death. But whether he were a live or deed forth they held their false oppynions & believe that men haddee in much pepull which come to great mischief & foul death as ye shall here afterward. ¶ And when king Henri witted and knew verily that he was deed he let sere him in thebes manner and closed it in a fair chest with diverse speceries and baumes & closed him in a linen cloth all safe his visage and that wos left open that all men might see his parsoon from all other men. And so he was brought to london with torch light brenning to sent Paul's church and there he had his mass & his dirige with much reverence and solempnite of service ¶ And when all this wos done he wos brought from scent Paul'S in to the abbey of westmynstre and therhe had all his hole service again. ¶ And from westmister he wos brought to Langeley and there he wos buried on whose soul god have merci. ¶ And in the first year of king Henris regne he held his cristimasse in the castle of windsor and on the xij. even come the duke of Awemarle unto the king & told him that he and the duke of Surre & the duke of Excestre and the earl of Salusburi and the earl of Gloucestre and other more of their affinity were accorded to make a momming unto the king on xij. day at night. & there they purposed for to slay the king in thee reveling. & thus the duke of Awemarle warned the king ¶ And than the king come that same night to london privily in all the haste that he might to get him help succour and comforth & council. ¶ And anon thes other that would have do the king to death fled in all the haste that they might for they knew well that there council wos bewried. ¶ And than fled the duke of Surre and the earl of Salisberi with all there meinie unto the town of Cecester ¶ And there pepull of the town would have arrested them and they would not stand to there arrest but stood at defence & fought manly. ¶ But at the last they were over comen and take And there they smitten of the dukes heed of Surri & the earls heed of salisburis & money other more and that they put the quarters in to s●kkes and their hedis on poles borne on high. and so they were brought through the cite of london to london bridge. and there thes hedis were set upon high and their quarters were senten unto other good towns and Cities of england and set up there: At Oxford were take Blounte knight. and Benet Cely knight: and Thomas Wyntersell squire. and thes were behedid and quartired and the knights hedis were set upon poles & brought to london and set upon the brugge. and the quarters sent forth to other good towns And in the same year at Prittelwell in a mill in Estsex their sir Iohn Holland the duke of leycestre was take with the comunes of the country. and they brought him from the mill unto plash. And to the same place that king Richard had a rested sir Thamas of woodstock the Duke of Gloucestre & right there in thee same place they smitten of the dukes heed of Excestre. & brought it unto london upon a poll▪ and it was set upon london bridge. And in the same year at Bristol wos taken the lord Speenser. that king Richard had made earl of Gloucestre and the comunes of the town of Bristol took him and brought him in to the market please of the town. & there they smitten of his heed and sent it unto london. and there it was set upon london brugge. And in this same year was sir Barnard Brokeye knight taken and arrested and put in to thee tower of london and sir Iohn Shelly knight and sir Iohn Maudelyn. and sir willm Feribe persons of king Richardis & they were arrested and put in to the tower of london·s And thither come the kings justices and sat upon them in the tower of london and there they were dampnid all four unto thee death. and the doom was yeven unto sir Barnard Brekeys that he should gone on foot from thee tower through london unto Tyburn and theridamas be hanged and after his heed smitten of· and sir Iohn Shelly knight and sir johan Maudelyn and sir willm Feribe parson were draw through out thee cite of London to Tyburn and there they were hanged and there hedis smitten of and set on London bridge. And in this same year king Henri sentquene Isabella home again in to france thee which wos king Richardis wedded wife and gave her gold and silver and money othir iewellis & so she was discharged of all her dower & sent out of england ¶ And in the second year of the reign of kynn Henri the iiij. was sir Roger of Claryngton knight and two of his men & the prior of land & viij frere minors & sum masters of divinity & other for treason that they wrought against the king. were draw & hanged at Tyburn all xij. persons ¶ And there began a great dissension & debate in the country of wales between the lord Grey rithen & Owen of glendere squire of wales. & this Owen arreared a great number of walshmen & keeped all that country about. right strong & did much harm & destroyed the kings tounes & lordshippis through out wales & rob & slew the kings pepull both english & welsh. & thus he endurid a xij. year largely. ¶ And he took the lord Grey rithen prisoner & kept him fast in hold till he wos ransomed of prisonerres of the march. & kept him long time in hold. And at thee last he made him wed on of his daughters & keeped him therst ill with his wife and soon after he died ¶ And than the king Henri knowing this mischief destruction & treason that this Owen had wrought than anon he ordained a strong power of men of arms & of archers & much other stuff that longed to were for to abate & destroy the malace of this false walshmen. ¶ And than the king come in to wales with his power for to destroy this Owen and other rebellis falls walshmen ¶ And anon they fled in to the mountains and there might the king do them no harm in no manner wise for the mountains. ¶ And so the king come again in to england for losing of more of his pepull And thus he sped not theridamas ¶ In this same year wos great scarcite of wheat in england for a quartir of wheat wos at xvi: shilling. And there was marchandis of england sent in to Pruce for wheat. & anon they had lad and freght ships enough come home in safety blessib be god of all his gifts ¶ And in the iiij. year of king Henry's regne there was a star seen in the firmament that showed himself through all the world for diverse tokenynges that should befall soon after the which star wos named and called by clergy Stella Comata. and on sent marry Magdelenes day next following in the same year wos the battle of shrowesbury. And thither come sir Henri Percy the earls son of northumberland with a great multitude of men of arms & archers & gave a bataid to king henri the iiij. through the false council & wicked rede of sir Thomas percy his uncle earl of wurcestre & there wos sir henri Perci slain & the most party of his pepull in the field. And sir Thomas Percy taken and kept fast in hold ij. days till the king had set rest among his pepull on both sides ¶ And than sir Thomas Perci was jugged to be deed draw hanged & his heed smitten of for his false treason at shrowesburis & his heed brought to london & set on london bridge. ¶ And the other pepule that theridamas were slain on both partis the king let berry. And there wos slain on the kings side in that battle the earl of Stafford & sir walter Blount in the kings cote armure under the kings banner & money more worthy men on whose souls god have mercy amen. ¶ And in the iiij▪ year of king henri reign come the emperor of Constantinoble with money great lords & knights & much other pepull of his country in to england to king henri with him to speak & to disport & to see the good governance & conditions of our pepull & to knaw the comodites of england. & our king with all his lords goodly & worshipfully him received & welcomed him & all his meinie that come with him and did him all reverence & worship that they could and might. ¶ And anon the king commanded all manner officers that he should be serueid as worthily & rially as it longed to such a worthy lord and Emperor on his own cost as long as the Emperor wos in england & all his men that come with him ¶ And in this same year come Dame jane the duchisse of Britan in to england & landid at fallemouth in Cornwall and from thence she wos brought to the cite of wynchestre And there she wos wedded unto king henri the iiij. in the abbey of sent swithiness of wynchestre with all the solemnity that might be done and made ¶ And soon afterward she wos brought from thence to london. And the mayor and the aldermen and the communes of the cite of london ridden against her & her welcomed and brought her through the cite of London to westmynstre and there she wos crowned queen of england & their the king made ariall and solemn fest for her and for all manner of men that thither would come ¶ And in this same year Dame Blaunche the eldest daughter of king Henri the iiij. was sent over the se with the earl of somersault her uncle and with master Richard Clifford than bishop of wurcestre and with money othir worthy lords knights and ladies & worthy squires as longed to such a worthy kings daughter and come unto Colayn ¶ And thither come the dukis son of bar with a fair meinie and ressaved this worthy lady. and the bishop of wyrcestre wedded and sacred them together as holy church it would. ¶ And there was made ariall fest and a great justing in the reverence and worship of them and all pepull that thedder come ¶ And when this marriage and fest wos done the Earl and the bishop and all there meinie token there leave of lord and lady & come home again in to england in safety thanked be god almighty. ¶ And in the v: year of king Henris regne the lord Thomas his son went over the see and the earl of Kent. and money othir lords and knights with men of arms and archers a great non burr to chastise the rebellis that afore had done much harm to our englishmen & marchantis: & to money towns and port●s in england on the see costis ¶ And the lord Thomas the kings some come in to flanders be fore a town that is called the Skluse among all the ships of diverse nations that were ther. and after there they ridden with their ships among them & went on land & sported them there ij. days and come again to their ships and took the broad see. & there they met with iij. Carikkis of I●ne that were ●aden with diverse merchandise and well manned & they fought to gedres long time but the englishmen had the victori and brought the Carrikkis in to the Cambre before wynchelse and there they canted these goodis. and one of these Carrikkes was sodenli brent theridamas ¶ And the lords and there pepull turned them home again and went no ferthir at that tyme. ¶ And in the same time serle yeoman of king Richerd robes come in to england out of scotland and told to diverse pepull that king Richard wos on live in Scotland. and so much pepull believed in his words wherefore great party of thee pepull of the ream were in great error and grudging ayenest the king through information of lies and falls leasings that this Serle had made. ¶ For much pepull trustid & believed in his seeing. But at the last he wos taken in the northcuntre and by law jugged to be draw through every cite and good burgh towns in england and so he wos served. and at the last he wos brought to london unto the gilled hall before the justice. & there he was jugged for to be brought to the tour of london. and there to be laid on a hurdle. and than to be drawn through the cite of london to Tyburn & there to be hanged & than quartired & his heed smitten of and set on London bridge and his quarters to be sent to iiij. good towns of england and there set up. & thus ended he for his false treason & desseyd. ¶ And in the sext year of king Henris regne the iiij. The earl of Marre of scotland by saifcondit come in to England to challenge sir Edmand the earl of Kent to certain courses of were on horsbake: ¶ And so this chalange wos acceppid and granted & the place taken in smithfield at london. & this Earl of Marre the scot come proudly in to the field as his challenge asket ¶ And anon come in the erll of Kent and road unto the scot and manfulli road together with sharp spears diverse courses but the earl of Kent had the field and got him much worship and thank of all manner of men for his manful dediss. ¶ And in the seven year of king Henris regne the iiij. Sir Richard Scrop archbishop of York and the Earl Marchall of Englond gathered unto them a strong power ayens king Henri. ¶ And the king hearing there of in all the haste that he might come with his power northward and met with them at york & there were thes ij. lords take and brought to the king. ¶ And anon the jugges were set & thes ij. lords brought forth and there they were dampened unto the death and both there hedis smitten of and there they maden their end on whose souls god for his pite have mercy Amen. ¶ And when this was done the king come to london again and there rested him. Anon god of his great goodness wrought and showed money great miracles for this worthy clerk Erchebishop of york that thus wos done to death ¶ And in the seven. year of king Henris regne Dame Luce the dukis sister of Milane come in to england & so to london & there was wedid to sir Edmond Holland earl of Kent in the priori of sent marry oueis in suthwarke with much solemnity and great worship ¶ The king was there himself and give her at the church door: & when that they were wedded and mass was done the king his own parson brought and led this worthy lady in to the bishops place of wynchestre and there wos a wonder great fest holdyn to all manner of pepull that would come ¶ And the same year sir Robert Knolles bnyght a worthy weriour died at his manner in Northfolk and from thence he was brought to london upon a horse bear with much torch light & so he wos brought unto the white freris in fleetstret and their was do and made for him a solemn fest and ariall interment for though that thither would cume both rich and poer and there he lieth buried by Dame Constance his wife in the mid of the body of the church on whose soul god for his pit have mercy amen. ¶ And thus in this same year sir Thomas Rampston knight Constabull of the tower of london wos drenchid at london brugge as he come fro westmynstre inwardis to the tower in a barge and all through lewdness. ¶ And in the sama year Dame Philip the younger daughter of king henri was lad over see with sir Richard thee dukis brother of york and sir Edmond Courteney bishop of Norwych and money other lords knights and squires ladies & gentlewomen that apparteyned to such a worthy kings daughter and come in to Denmark. and the king received this worthy lady for his wife. and welcomed thes worthy lords and did unto them much worship. and they were brought unto a town that wos called London in Denmark and theridamas wos this lady wedded and sacred to the king of Denmark Norway and Swythen and theridamas was crowned queen of Denmark with much solemnity and there wos made ariall fest. ¶ And when this fest & marriage wos done and ended thes lords and ladies took their leave of the king & the queen and come again in to england in haste than 〈◊〉 be Ihu ¶ And in the viij. year of king Henris regne ther was a man that wos called the welsh klarke. & he oppell●d a knight that wos called sir Perceuall Sowdone of treason. & there they were joined to fight unto utterance within Lists. & the day & place & time assigned and lymitted to be done & end in smygthfeld. at the which day tho. two parsons comen in to the field & fought s●re and myghteli to gedre. but at the last the knight overcome the clerk. & made him yield him creaunt of his false enpechement that he had said on him. & than was he despoiled of his armure & draw out of the field to Tyburn & there he wos hanged & the knight take to grace: and wos a good man. ¶ And in this same year sir Henri earl of Northumberland & the lord Bardolf come out of Scotland in preiudece & destruction of king henri. wherefore they of the northcuntre arisen upon them and faugit with them and scomfitid them and took them. & smitten of their hedis & quartrid their bodies. & sent the heed of the earl & a quartir of the lord bardolf to london and there they were set upon london bridge for false treason that they had purposed against the king ¶ And in the ix. year of king henris regne was sir Edmond Holland earl of kent made Amirell of england for to keep the see & he went to the see with money rial ships that were full well arrayed and enparelled and enarmed with money a good man of arms and archers and of good defence of weyr in the kings name of Englond and so he landid at the last in the cost of Bretan in the isle of Briak with all his pepull: and he besieged thee Castle and sautid it and they withstood him with great defence and strength. ¶ And anon he laid his ordinance. And in the laying of a gone come a quarrel & smote the good earl Edmond in the heed and there he caught his dethis wound. but yet they left not till that they had gotten the Castill and all that were there in. ¶ And there this good lord died on whose soul god have mercy amen. ¶ And than this menie come home again in to england with the erlis body & wos buried amongꝭ his ancestors' right worthily. ¶ And in thee same year was a great frost in england that durid xv. weeks ¶ And in the x· year of king Henris regne the iiij. come the Seneschal of henaud with othir meni to seek auntres and to get him worship in dediss of arms both on horse and on foot at all manner of points of were. ¶ And the Seneschal challenged thee earl of Somerset. and the earl delivered him full manfulli of all his challenges & put his adusarie unto the worse in all points and wan him there great worshypp and the degree of thee field ¶ And the next day after come in to thee field an other man of arms of the seneschallis party. ¶ And against him come sir Richard of arundel knight. and the henaud had the better of him on foot in on point for he brought him on his knee ¶ And the third day come in an other man of arms in to the field and ayens him there come sir Iohn cornwall knight & manly and knightely he quit him in all manner points ayens his adusarie and had the better in thee field. ¶ And on thee iiij. day come an other man of arms of Henaude in to the field. and against him come sir johan Chains son & manly quit him against his adusarie for he cast horse & man in to the field And the king for his manhood at that time dubbed him knight. ¶ And the v. day there come an other man of arms of the henaudis party in to the field and to him come in sir johan steward knight and manfulli he quit him there in all manner of points and had the better. ¶ And the sext day after come an other henaud & to him come willm porter squire & manfulli he quit him & had the better in the field. & the king dubbed him knight the same tyme. ¶ And the seven: day after come an other henaud in to the field and to him come Iohn standissh squire & manly he quit him on his adusarie & had the better in tho field and the king dubbed him knight the same day. ¶ And on the same day come an other henaud & to him come a squire of Gascoyn and proudly and manli he quit him on his adusarie & had the better and anon the king dubbed him knight. ¶ And on the viij: day come in to the field ij. men of arms of henaude and to them come ij. soldiers of Calais that were brother that were called Burghes & well and manly quit them on their adu*aber; siries and had the better in the field. & thus ended the challenges with moni worships. ¶ And the king at the reverence of the stringers made a great fest and give them rich yefts & they token there leave and went home in to there own country. ¶ And in the xi. year of king Henris regne the iiij. there was a great battle do in smythfeld between two squires. that on wos called Gloucestre that was appelaunt. Arthur wos the defendant. & well and manfulli fought together long time. & the king for their manfulness & of his grace took their quarrel in to his hand. & made them to go out of the field at once & so they were divided of theridamas battles & thee king give them grace ¶ And the xij. year of king henris regne the fourth Risdie a squire of wales that was a rebel a riser & supporter to Owen of Glendre that did much destruction to pepull of wales wos taken and brought to London and there he come a fore the justices and was dampened for his treason. and than he wos laid on an hurdle and so draw forth unto Tyburn through the cite. & there he wos hanged and let down a and his heed smitten of & the body quartired and sent unto iiij. towns: and his heed set on london bridge ¶ And in the xiij. year of king Henris regne though died sir Iohn Beauford the earl of somersault that wos capitain of Calais and wos buried at the abbey of the tower hill. on whose soul god have merci amen· ¶ And in the same year thee lord Thomas king Henris son wedded thee countosse of somersault. ¶ And in this same year come thee ambassadors of france in to england from the duke of Burgoyn unto the prince of england king henris son and heir for to have help and succour of men of arms & archers against the duke of orleans. And though went over the se the earl of Arundel. sir Guillebert umfrevill earl of Keme and the lord Cobham Sir johan Oldecastell. and money other good knights and worthy squires and men of arms and good archers in to france and come to Paris to the duke of burgoyn. ¶ And there he resaved & welcomed thes Englishmen the lords and all other many. ¶ And than it wos done him to wit that the duke of Orleance was comen to semtclowe fast by Paris with a great nombur of men of arms & arbalesters. and thither went our Englishmen & fought with them. & got the bridge of semtclow & there they slew much pepull of frenshmen· and arminakis and thee remnant fled and would no longer abide. ¶ And than our Englishmen come again unto Paris. and there they token their leave of the Duke and come home again in to england in safety and the Duke gave them great yefts. & anon following the duke of Orleance sent ambassadors in to England to king Henri the iiij. beseeching him of his help & succour against his deadly enemy the duke of burgoyn ¶ And than the king made Thomas his son duke of Clarence & his other son johan duke of Bedford. & his other son Humphrey duke of Gloucestre and sir Thamas Beauford earl of Dorset & the duke of awemarle he made duke of york. & that the king ordained his son sir Thomas duke of clarence sir Thomas Beauford earl of Dorset and sir Iohn Cornwill with many othir lords knights and squires men of arms & archers to go over the see in to france in helping and strengthing of the duke of Orleance. ¶ And thes worthy lords with their retinue shippid at Hampton & sailed over in to Normandy & landid at hogs And there met with them the lord Hambe at their landing with vijM. men of arms of frenshmen & iij▪ sergauntiss of arms with them and all were put to flight and taken of them seven C men of arms: & iiij. hundreth horse with out though that were slain in the field ¶ And so they ridden forth through out france & took castellis & tounes & slew much pepull of frenshmen that withstood them & took money prisoners as they ridden And so they passed forth till they come to Bordeaux & there they rested them a while & set the country in peace and rested till the vintage were ready to sail. And than the duke with his meinie come home in to england in safety thanked be god: ¶ And in the same year wos the kings coin changed through out england by the king and his council that is to say the nobull half nobull & ferthing of gold: ¶ And the xiv year of king Henris regne the four he let moke Galeys of were for he had hoped to have passed the great see & so forth to Jerusalem. & there to have ended his life. but god viseted him so soon after with infirmities and great sickness that he might not well endure no while so fervently he wos take and brought in bed at westminster in a fair chambur ¶ And as he lay in his bed he asked his chamberlain what they called that chamber that he lay in: & he ansuerid & said jerusalem. & than he said that the prophecy said that he should make an end and die in jerasalem: And than he made him ready unto god and disposed all his will. And soon after he died & wos carried by water from westminster in a barge unto Feversham. And from thence he wos carried to cantorberi by land with much torch light brenning in to the abbey of Crichurch & there he wos entered & buried 〈…〉 & thus ended the worthy king Henri about midlentyn sunday in the year of our lord a. M. cccc.xiij. on whose soul god have mercy anon. Artin the v. wos 〈◊〉 after Iohn xiv. year. This man was chosen by thee council of Constantinoplin & other was deposit that streffe. and so come pes in the church the which long time afore was desired and necessari for thee defence of the faith. This was the mightiest 〈◊〉 that ever wos of riches and a great jug he edified tounies wallis stretis and he destroyed herises and he did much good through the nobull prince Sygmunde. And he gathered much monay for the holy land to getten again. but death come oppon him and lettid him. and he made a council afore his death for that matter and there decessed. ugenius wos 〈◊〉 after Martin xvij year This Eugeny wos chosen pesablie after the death of Martin & no man dowtid but he wos 〈◊〉. but after shortly he wos expulsit from Rome. for it wos so that he fled nakid. Also he wos cited to the council of basilians. and deposit both charged not. & for that again began thee strife the which stood to his death & those that favoured him said he was worthy much loving. and the contrary said those that were against him. but what sum ever he wos after he had take the dignity upon him afore he wos of great abstenens & of good fame & that he did after I leave to thee judgement of god. Circa annum domini. M.iiijC.xiij. Of king Henri thee fifth that wos king Henris sone. ●Nd after the death of king Henri the iiij. reigned king Henri his son that was borne at Monmouth in wales that was a worthy king and a gracious man and a great conqueror. And in thee frist year of his reign for great love & goodness he sent to the friars of Langely there as his father had do berry king Richard the secund. and let take his body out of the earth eyes & did bring it to westminster in a rial chare covered with black velvet and banners of diverse arms about and all the horse drawing the char were trappid in black and beaten with diverse arms. & many a torch brenning by all the way till he come to westminstre: and there he let make for him a rial and a solemn interment▪ & buried him by queen Anne his wife as his own desire was on the ferther side of scent Edwardis shrine in the abbey of saint Petris of westmynstre on whose soul god have mercy ¶ And in this same year were a certain of lollers taken and false heritikis that had purposed through falls treason for to have slain our king & for to have destroyed all the clergy of the ream. & they might have had there false purpose. ¶ But our lord god would not suffer it. for in haste our king had warning there of & of all there false ordinance & wurching & come suddenly with his power to sent johanes without smythfeld & anon they took a certain of the lollerres & falls heretics & brought them unto the kings prisence. & there told all there falls purpose & ordinance how they would have do & wrought & they might have reigned & had their will: & there they told which were their captains & governors. & than the king commanded them to the tower of london & than took more of them both with in the cite & with out & sent them to Newgate & to both countries & than they were brought in examination before the clergy & the kings justices. & there they were convicted before the clergy for their false herisi and dampened before the justice for their false treason ¶ & this wos their judgement that they should be draw from the tour of london to sent Gilesfeld & there to be hanged & brent on the galewes ¶ And also there was taken sir Roger Acto● knight for heresy & eke for treason ayens the king & the ream. & he come a fore the clargi & was convict for his heresy to be brent: & dampnid before the justices to be draw from the tower of london through the cite to scent Gilesfeld & to be hanged & brent ¶ And in the second year of king Henris regne the fifth he held a council of all the lords of the ream at westminster & there he put him this demand: & praye● and besought them of their goodness & of there good council and good will to show him as touching the title & the right that he had to Normandy Gascoyn and Guyhenue. the which the king of france withheld wrongfully and unrightfully: the which his ancestors' before him had be true title of conquest & right heritage the which Normandy Gascoyn and Guyhenne the good king edward of windsor and his ancestors' before him had holdyn all there life's tyme. ¶ And his lords give him council to send enbassetours unto the king of france & his council and that he should give up unto him his right heritage that is to say Normandye Gascoyn & Guyhenne the which his predecessors had hold afore▪ hin· or else he would it win with dint of sword in short time with the help of almighty god ¶ And than the dolphin of france ansuerid to our embasfatours & said in this manner that the king was over young and to tender of age to make any were as ayens him & was not like yet to be no good weriour to do & to make such a conquest there upon him: ¶ And somewhat in scorn and despite he sent to him a Tone full of tenies baules. be cause he would have sum what for to play with all. for him and for his lords. for that be come him bettir than for to maintain any were. ¶ And than anon our lords that were ambassadors token there leave and come in to Englond again and told the king & his council of the ungodly answer that they had of the dolphin. and of the present the which he had sent unto our king. ¶ And when the king had herd there words and the answer of the dolphin he wos wonder sore aggrieved & right evil apaid toward the frenshmen & toward the king & the dolphin. & thought to avenge him upon them as soon as god would send him grace & might. and anon let make tennis balls for the dolphin in all the haste that might be. And they were great gonstonies for the dolphin to play with all. ¶ And than anon the king sent for all his lords and held a great council at westminster and told unto them the answer that they had of the dolphin and of his worthy present that he sent to him and to his lords to play with all ¶ And there the king & his lords were accorded that they should be ready in arms with their power in the best array that might be done. & covet men of armis and ar●hiers that might be geten and all other stuff that longed to were & to be ready with all their retinue to meet at southampton be Lammasse next suing with out any del●y wherefore the king ordained his navy of ships with all manner of stuff & vitaill that longed to such a weriour of all manner ordinance in the haven of southampton in to the number of ccc & xx. sails ¶ And than fell there a great dissese & a foul mischief. for there were iij. lords which that the king trustid much on And through falls covetise they had purposed and imagined the kings death & thought to have slain him and all his brother or he had take the see The which were named thus sir Richard earl of Cambrigge brother to the duke of york. The second was the lord Scrope treasurer of england. The third wos sir Thomas Gray knight of the northcuntre· ¶ And these lords afore said for lucrie of money had made ꝓmisse unto the frenshmen for to have slain king Henri the fifth and all his brother by a fallis train sodenli or they had be war. ¶ But all myghti god of his great grace held his holy hand over them & saved them from these ꝑllous meinie. ¶ And for to have done this they received of the frenshmen a Million of gold. & that wos there openli prwed ¶ And for their false treason they were all there juggid unto the death & this was the judgement that they should be lad through Hampton and without north gate there to be heeded. & thus they ended their lives for their false covetise & treason. ¶ And anon as this wos done the king and all his meinie made them ready & went to ship & sailed forth with xv. hundred ships and arrived within sayn at Kydecause upon our ladies eve the Assumption in Normandy with all his ordinance. And so went him forth to Harflet & he besieged the town all about by land and eke by water. and sent to the capitain of the town and charged him to deliver the town. And the capitain said that he delivered him none. ne none he would him yield: but bade him do his best. ¶ And than our king laid his ordinance unto the town that is for to say Gonnies engines & Tripgettes & shetten & cast to the walls & eke unto the town. & cast down both towers and town & laid them on the earth. and there be played at the tennis with his hard gonstonies ¶ And they that were within the town when they should play. their song was wellaway & alas that ever any such tennis balls were made. & cursed all though that were began. & the time that ever they were borne. ¶ And on the morrow the king did cry at ever gate of the town that every man should be ready on thee morrow early to make assault unto the town ¶ And willyam Bouchier and Iohn Grant with xij. othir worthy burgies come to the king and besought him of his rial princehode & pour to withdraw his malice and destruction that he did unto them and besought him of viij days of respite and truces if any rescue might cum unto them: and else to yield up the town unto him with all their goodis. and than the king sent forth the capitain and keeped the remnant still with him. ¶ And the lord Gaucorte that was capitain of the town went forth to Royn in all the hast unto the dolphin for help & succour but their was none ne no man of rescue. for the dolphin would not abide ¶ And thus this capitain come again unto the king and yild up the town and delivered him the keys. And than he called his uncle the earl of Dorset and made him capitain of the town of Harflet and delivered him the keys. and bade him go & put out all the french people both men women and child and stuff his town of harflet with english pepull. ¶ And than the king sent in to Englond and did cry in every good town of england that what crafty man would come thither and inhabit him there in that town he should have house and household to him and to his heirs for ever more ¶ And so thither went money diverse marchantis and crafty men and inhabited them there to strength the town And were welcome. ¶ And when the king saw that this town wos well stuffed both of victual and of men. this worthy prince took his leave. and went to Calais ward by land. and the frenshmen herd of his coming they thought for to stop●e him his way that he should not pass that way and in all the haste that they might brekyn all the brigges there where any pessage wos for horse and man in so much that there might no man pass over the rivers neither on horse ne on foot: but if he should be drenchid. ¶ And therefore our king with all his pepull went and sought his way far up to paris ward. And there wos all the rial power of france assembled and ready to yef him battle & for to destroy all his pepull. But almighty god was his guide and saved him and all his meinie and defended him of his enemies power and purpose thanked be god that saved so his own knight & king in his rightful title. ¶ And than our king beholding & seeing the multitude & number of his enemies to with stand his way and yef him battle. Than the king with a meek heart and a good spirit liften up his hands to almighty god and besought him of his help and succour and that day to save his true servants. ¶ And than our king gathered all his lords & oder pepull about & bade them all be on good chere· For they should have a fair day & a gracious victory & the bettir of all their enemies & prayed them all to make them ready unto the battle for he would rathir be deed that day in the field than to be take of his enemies for he would never put the ream of england to ransom for his parson. ¶ And the duke of york fell on knees & besought the king of above. that he would grant him that day the avaunteward in his battle and the king granted him his asking. & said grant mercy cousin of york & prayed him to make him ready ¶ And than he had every man to ordain him a stake of tree & sharp both endis that the stake might be pight in the earth a slope that there enemies should not over come them on horse bake. For that wos there falls purpose and arrayed them all there for to over ride our meinie sodenli at the frist coming on of them at the frist brunt. ¶ And all night before the battle the frenshmen made money great fires and much revel with howting & shouting and played our king and his lords at the dise & an archier always for a blank of their money. For they wend all had been theris. the morn arose the day gun springe. ¶ And the king by good avise let array his battle & his wenges and charged every man to keep them hole to gedres and prayed them all to be of good cheer: ¶ And when they were ready he asked what time of the day it wos. & they said prime Than said our king now is good time. for all england prais for us and their fore be good of cheer and let us go to our journey. And than he said with an high voice in the name of almighty god and sent Georgy a vaunt Banner and sent Georgy this day thine help ¶ And than these frenshmen come pricking down as they would have over ridden all our many▪ but god & our archers made them right soon to scombull: for our archers shot never a-row amiss but it parisshed and brought unto the ground both horse & man. ¶ For they shot that day for a wager And our stakes made them top our terve each on over othir. that they lay on heps two spear length of height. ¶ And our king with his many & with his men of arms & archers that thakkid an them so thick with arrows and laid on with stakis and our king with his hands fought manly that day. ¶ And thus almighty god and sent Georgi brought our enemies to ground and give us that day the victory. ¶ There were slain of frenshmen that day in the field of Agincourt more than xi. thousand without prisoners that were take & there were numbered that day of frenshmen in the field more than sex score thousand. and of englishmen not seven. thousand. but god that day fought for us ¶ And after come their tidings to our king that there wos new battle of frenshmen ordained ready for to steel on him & come towardis him. And anon our king let cri that every man should slay his prisoners that he had taken. and anon array the battle again ready to fight with the frenshmen ¶ And when they saw that our men killed down his prisoners. than they with drew them and broke their battle and all their aray·s ¶ And thus our king as a worthy conqueror had that day the victori in the field of Agincourt in picardy. ¶ And than our king returned again there that the battle was for to see what pepull were slain of Englishmen. and if any were hurt that might be holped And there were deed in the field the Duke of Barrie the duke of Alaunsome the duke of Braban the Earl of Naver ne the chief Constabull of france and viij. othir earls. and the archbishop of Sans. and of good barons an hundreth and more and of worthy knightis of great alliance of cote armours a thousand and v: hundreth ¶ And so of englishmen was deed that day the good duke of York and the earl of southfolk. and of all other englishmen there were not deed passing xxvi. bodies thanked be god· ¶ And this battle wos on a friday which wos Crispin Crispinianes day in the monith of Octobre & anon the king commanded to beri them and the duke of york to be carried forth with him and the earl of Southfolk▪ ¶ And there were prisoners the Duke of orleans the duke of Bourbon. the Earl of vendome. the earl of Ewe. the earl of Richemond and sir Bursigaunte Marchall of france and money other worthy lords weren take there in this battle of agincourt and were brought unto the town of Calais. and so over these with the king in to Englond and landid at Dover in kent with all his prisoners in safety thanked be god all myghti And so come to Cantorberi 〈…〉 ¶ And so forth he road through the country of Kent the next way unto Eltham and there he rested till that he would come to london ¶ And than the mayor of london & the aldermen shireves with all the worthy communs and crafts come to black heath well & worthily arrayed to welcum our king with diverse melodies. ¶ And thankid almighty god of his gracious victory that he had showed for him. ¶ And so the king & his prisoners passed forth by them till he come to sent Thomas watering: and there met with him all religious with procession & well comed him and so the king come riding with his prisoner's through the cite of london where that there wos showed money a fair sight at all the condithes and at the cross in cheap as in hevenli array of angels arcangeles patriarchs prophetis & virgins with diverse melodies sensing and singing to welcum our king and all the condithes running with wine And the king passed forth unto saint Paul's and there met with him xiv. bishops revessed and miterid with sensers to welcum the king And there they song for his gracious victori Te deum laudamus ¶ And there thee king offered and took & road to westmynstre and than the mayor took his leave of the king and road home again ¶ And in the third year of king Henris regne the v. come the Emꝓour of almain king of Rome & of hungry in to england & so to the Cite of london ¶ And the mayor and the aldermen with thee sheriffs and worthy crafts of london by the kings commandment met with him on the black hath in the best array that they could on horsbake. ¶ And there they welcomed him & brought him unto london with much honour and great reverence. ¶ And at sent thomas watering there met with him the king with all his lords in good array. ¶ And there wos a worthy meeting between the emperor and the king Henri the v. and there they kissed to gedres enbrached each other and than the king took thee Emperor by the hand and so they come riding through the cite of London unto sent Paul's and theridamas they alightid and offered and all the bishops stod revessed with sensers in theridamas hands sensing to them. ¶ And than they took their horse and ridden unto westminster And the king logged the Emperor in his own palace and there he resttid him agret while and all at the kings cost. & soon after come the duke of Holland in to england to come and se there the Emperor and to speak with him and with our king Henri of england. & he wortheli received and logged in the bishops in of Ely and all at the kings cost ¶ And when the emperor had well rested him and say the land in diverse perties and know the commodities than by process of time he took his leave of the king but or he yed he was made knight of the garter & received & we rid the liueray. And than he thanked the king & all his lords. & than the king & he went over the see unto Calais & abiden there long time to have an answer of the french king. & at the last it come & pleased him right nought. ¶ And the emperor took his leave of the king & passed forth in God's name. and our king come over again in to england in all the haste that he might & that was on sent Lukis eve that he come to Lambithe. & on the monday next after he come in to the parliament at westmynstre ¶ And in this same year was a great dearth of corn in england. but thanked be god it lasted not long time ANd in the four year of king Henris regne the v▪ he held his parliament at westmynstre in the beginning of October & last unto the Purification of our ladi than next after ¶ And there wos granted unto him to mayten his weris both of spiritualty & of temꝑalte an hole tax and a dieme. And than anon the king prayed all his lords to make them ready to strength him in his right And anon he let make a new retinue & charged all men to be ready at hamton in witson week than next after with out any delay. ¶ And there the king made the duke of Bedford ꝓtector and defend of his ream of england in his absens & charged him to keep his laws & maynten both spiritual & temporal ¶ And when the king had thus do & set all thing in his kind On sent Mark day he took his horse at westmynstre and come riding to Paul's and there he offered and took his leave. & so road forth through the cite taking his leave of all manner of pepull as well of power as of rich praying them all in general to pray for him. ¶ And so he road forth to sent George's & there offered & took his leave of the mayor charging him to keep well his chambur ¶ And so he road forth to Hampton & their abode till his retinue were ready & comen. for there wos all his navy of ships with his ordinance gathered together & well stuffid as longed to such a rial king with all manner of victuals for such a rial pepull as well for horse as for man. as longed for such a weriour. that is for to say armour gonnys Tripgites engines sows bastiles brigges of leather scaling laddres malles & spadis shovels pickis paveys Bows & arrows bowstringes & tonnies chestis & pypis full of arrows as nedid for such a worthy weriour that no thing wos to seche when time come. thither come to him ships laden with gonnes & gunpowder ¶ And when this wos ready and his retinue come the king and all his lords with all his rial host went to ship and took the see and sailed in to normandy and landid at Touke upon Lammasse day than next after And there he made xlviij knights at his landing ¶ And than the king hearing of money enemies upon the se that is to say ix. great carickes hulkis galeis and ships that were cumen to destroy his navy And anon he commanded the earl of march to be chief chivetayn and money other worthy lords with him with men of arms and archers to go to the see that none enemies defoulid his navy ne entered his land in no party for to distrouble his voyage ne his journey. ¶ And anon the earl took his meinie and went to ship and scummed the see and keeped the se costis that no manner of enemy durst rout upon the see & anon the king sent his heraudes unto the capitain of Touke and charged him for to deliver him his castle and his town & else he would neither leave man ne child alive. ¶ And anon the capitain and iiij. othir burgesis of the town brought the keys unto the king and besought him of grace. And the king delevered the keys to sir johan Kekeley and made him capitain and commanded him for to put out all frenshmen both of the castle and also of the town ¶ And there beside was the castle of lous & thither the king sent the earl marchal with a fair many & sauted the town & anoneit wos yold to the earl & brought him the keys. & he brought them to the king and the king took him again & made him capitain of the castle of Lovers & of all that longed there to & charged him to deliver out all the frenshmen ¶ And than the king held forth his way to Cane that was a strong town & afair & a rial castle there in. & anon he sent his heroudis to the capitain & charged him to deliver the town and his castle or else he would them get with strength of hand. And they answered and said that he took them none for to keep ne none they would deliver unto him: ¶ And than anon he laid his siege unto the town and laid gonnies on every side and bet down both walls and towers and slew much pepull in their houses & also in the stretis And the good duke of Clarence laid down the walls on his side unto the ground And so within a while the king by his council sawted the town all about. ¶ And anon the duke of Clarence had entered in to the town and slew down right till he come to the king and sparid neither man ne child and ever they cried a Clarence a Clarence and sent George. ¶ And there wos deed on the walls on the king's side a worthy man that wos called springs the which the king commanded to be buried in the abbey of Cane fast by wyllm conqueror on whose soul god have merci ameij. ¶ And than the king come in to the town with his brother the duke of Clarence and money other worthy lords with much solemnity & mirth ¶ And than the king commanded the capitain to deliver him his castle and he be sought the king to yef him xiv. days of respite if any rescue would come and if none would come to deliver him the keys and thee Castle at his commandment ¶ And under this composition was the town & the castle of Baious with othir tounes fortresses and villages in to the number of xiv. upon the hill before the castle of Cane our king pight all his tentis that seemed a town as much as cane & by that time come tidingis that no rescu would come ther. ¶ And so at the xiv. days end the capitain of the castle come out and delivered the keys & the castle to our king & Baious & the othir xiiij· tounes were delivered unto him also. & anon the king delivered the keys to the duke of Clarence & made him capitatn both of the town and also of the castle and made him capitain of baious and of all the other towns also. ¶ And so he entered thee town and the castle and there he held Sent Georgi fest. & there he made xv. knightis of the bath there was sir Louis Robersart salyn Chaynye Mougomery and money other worthy men· and the king commanded them for to put out all the frenshmen and women. & no man so hardy to difoule no woman ne take no manner of good away from them but let them pass in peace in pain of death ¶ And there passed out of the town in on day more than xv. C women. ¶ And than our king let stuff the town and Castle with Englishmen and ordained there two captains on for the town and an other for the Castle and charged them upon their lives for to keep well thee town and the Castle ¶ And or our king went thence he got valleys Newelyn & laid a siege to Chirburgh. and that siege laid the Duke of Gloucestre with a strong power and myghti and be process of time gate it and made there a capitain of the same town. and this same time the Earl of Warwic leid a siege unto Dounfraunte and got it and put therein a capitain. ¶ And for to speak more of the Earl of march that the king ordained tho for to scum the see and to keep the costs of england for all manner of enmis the wind arose upon them that they wend all to have be lost. but through the grace of god almighty and good governance they riddin afore wyhte all that storm ¶ And there were lost ij▪ Carik kiss and two balingers with marchondize and other great goods and all the pepull that were within them. and an other Carrokke drove before hampton. and thr●w his mast over the town walls and this was on sent bartholomew's day ¶ And when all this storm wos sese this worthy Earl of march took his ships with his meme and went to the se and landit in Normandy at hogs and so ridden forth towardis the king. & ever as he come the frenshmen fled ¶ And there come to them an Anthony pig and followed the host all that way till they come to a great water and there they dread for to have been drenched thee water closed them so that they might no where get out But at the last god almighty and this pig brought them out all safe and there they caught a guide that knew all the country about and he brought them through a quick sand & so in to an isle. and they took money prisoners in their way toward thee king in their journey & so they comen unto Cane And there the king welcomed him and took his journey at Argentun and anon though it wos yolden unto thee king and they had their lives and went their way. ¶ And than our king removed to a strong town that was tho called Cese and there wos a fair minster and they yield it anon unto the king. & than the king went him from thence to alaun some & wan thee town and the bridge. and thee king sent the Earl of Warwick to a town that wos called Belesme with a huge & a strong power and anon they yield and put them all in to the kings good grace an in his merci. & so did moni more strong towns and Castellis that were in though parties. ¶ And from thence they went to vermill in perch and anon it wos yoleden unto the king both the town & the Castill & bodis & goodis at the kings good grace▪ & so the king gate & conquered all the towns and Casstellis piles strenthes & Abbeys unto Pountlarge. and from thence unto the Cite of Rone ¶ And in the fifth year of king Henry's reign the v. sir Iohn Oldcastell that was the lord Cobham wos arrested for heresy and brought unto the tour of london and anon after he broke out of the tower & went in to wales & there keeped him long time ¶ And at the last the lord powies took him▪ but he stood at great defence long time & was sore wounded or he would be take and so the lord Powies men brought him out of wales to london in a wherlecole & so he wos brought to westmynstre & there was examined of certain points that were put upon him. & he said not nay and so he wos convict of the clergy for his heresy & dampened before the juttices unto the death for treason. ¶ And so he was lad unto the tour again. and there he was laid on an hurdle and draw through the cite to scent Giles field and there wos made a new pair of gallows and a strong chine and a collar of yrens for him and there he wos hongid and brent on the gallows & all for his lewdness & his false opinions. ANd in the vi. year of king Henris regne the fifth he sent his uncle sir Thomas Beaufort duke of Excestre with a fair meinie of men of arms and archers be for the cite of Rone and theridamas displayed his banner and sent heroudes unto the town and bade them yield that cite unto our king their liege lord. and they said he took them none for to keep ne none he should have there but if it were dear bought and moved with their hands for other answer would they none yef but gonnys. ¶ And there the duke took good advisement of the ground all about. And anon there issued out of the cite a great many of men of arms both on horsebake and on foot and anon our meni met with them & over threw an heap of them and there were taken & slain thirty: parsons of full right good men's bodis and the remenaunte fled again in to the town & the Duke went unto Pountlarge unto the king an told him all how that he had speed an how he liked the ground· ¶ And anon as he was go they cast down all there subarbis about the cite unto the hard ground. for the king there no refreshing should have at his coming. And the friday before lammesda than next following our king with his host come before Rone & anon he set his siege round a bout that Cite. and anon let lay to his ordinance unto the town. And the king and his lords were logged in the chartre house and great strength about them & that was in the est part of the cite. ¶ And the duke of Clarence logged him at the west end in a waste abbey before the port Chanx. & the Duke of Excestre in the North side before thee port Beawesyn. and between the duke of Clarence and thee duke of Excestre wos the Earl Marchall logged with a strong power before the castle gate. ¶ And than was the earl of Ormond the lord Harington and the lord Talbot with their retenu next him. ¶ And than sir johan cornwall and money oder nobull knights of name with their retinue lay with the duke of Clarence. ¶ And from the duke of Excestre toward the king were logged the lord Roos the lord of wylluby the lord phehew & sir william Port knight with their retinue before the port of scent Hilary: ¶ And than wos the earl of mortayn with his retinue logged in the abbey of sent Katrines. ¶ And the earl of sal●sberi with his retinue lay on that other side of sent Katrins. & sir Iohn Gray knight wos logged at the abbey that is called mount sent michell ¶ And sir Phelip Lech knight the kings treasurer wos logged between the water of sayn and the abbey & keeped the ward under the hill. & the baron of Carow wos logged under the water side to keep the passage. And jenico the squire lay next him on the water side and those two squires keeped manli the water of sayn and fought with their enemies oft times ¶ And on that other side of said lay the earl of Hontingdon. & master Nevil the earls son of westmoreland. & sir Gilbert umfrevill earl of Keme. and sir Richard of arundel and the lord Feriers with their retinue before Port du pounte and each of these lords had strong ordinance. & the king did make at Pountlarge over the water of siyn a strong and a mygity chyen of Iren and put it through great piles fast pight in thee ground and that went over the river of Seyne that no vessel might pass that in no kind. And about that chain the king litt make a bridge over thee water of sayn that man and horse and all other carriage might go to and fro at all times when need were. And than come the earl of warwike & had goat Dounfront unto the king Henri of Englond. ¶ And anon the king sent the Earl of Warwick to Cawdebeke to besiege it. And when that he come before the town he sent his heraudes unto the captain and bad him yield up the town upon pe in of death & anon he laid his siege. & the capitain besought the Earl that the might come unto his presence and it pleased him and speak with him. & so the good earl granted him for to cum. & than he come out & four other burgeiss come with him· & entreated so with this Earl that this same town was under composition to done as the cite of Rone did and the Earl granted and consented there to upon this condition that the kings navy of england with his ordinance might pass up by them in safety with out any manner of let or destrubaunce. & to his composition they set to their seals. ¶ And the ships passed up by them in safety & come before the cite of rone in to an hundreth ships and there they cast their anchors & than this cite wos besieged both by land & by water. And when all this wos done & ships comen up. than cume the Earl of Warwik again to the king. & logged him between the abbey of saint Katerins and the knig till that the abbey entreated and though was yold unto the king: ¶ And than he removed him thence & logged him before port martenuylle & tho was the Earl of Salisberi commanded by the king to make him ready to ride▪ but thi● come hasty tidings & made him to abide. & so he returned again and logged him beside the earl of Huntingdon till the siege was ended. ¶ And than come the duke of gloucester the kings brother from the siege of Chirbourgh the which he had won and gotten and stuffed again unto the kings behove and profit unto the crown of Englond and when he wos comen to the king be fore Rone anon he logged with great ordinance before port saint hilari more near the town & his enemies than any other lay. by xl rods of length with in shot of quarrel: And with him lay the Earl of Southfolke and the lord of Bergeyeney with all their retinue. and strong ordinance. and manly and proudly fought every day with their enemies. over whon they issued out of the cite. ¶ And than come the Prior of Kilmayn of Irland over the see to the king with a fair many of men of armis of their own country guise the sum of xv. hundreth good men's bodis and the king welcoaed them and made them right good cheer ¶ And than come tidingis unto the king that the king of france and the dolphin and the duke of Borgoyn would come down and rescue the citi of Rone with a strong power of all manner of nations and break the siege. and he cast him to enter on the north side of the host. be cause that there wos the best entry and most plain ground. And therefore the king assigned the Prior of kylmayn with his power and logged him on the Northside of the host to stoup their passage. and was by the forest of Lyous And of this ordinance they were full glad and so they went forth in haste: and keeped thee ground and the place that the king and his council had assignid ¶ And they quit them as good weriours unto their king ¶ Now will I tell you which were thee chief captains and the governors of thee Cite of Rone ¶ Monsir Gny Botiler was chief capitain both of thee Cite and of the Castill. And Mon sir Termegan he was capitain of Port de Canx monsieur de la Roche he wos captain of the Disns. Mon sir Anthony he was lieutenant to monsir Gni botiller Henri chantfien he was the Captain of the port de la pount Iohn Mantrevas he was captain of the port de la castle monsieur de Preanx he was Captain of the port of scent Hilary. the bastard of Tyne he wos Captain of the port marteniulle. And grant Jakes a worthy weriour he wos capitain of all men of were & he wos governor outward both on horseback and on foot of all men of arms when they essued out of the Cite of all the ports he them arrayed as they should country with our menie: And each of thee captains lad. v. M. men of arms and sum moo. ¶ And at the frist coming of our king there were numbered by heraudes in to ccc M. of men & women and children what young & old. And among all thes was money a manful man of his hands & so they proved them when they essued out of the cite both on horse bake and on foot. for they come never at on gate out alone. but at iij. or iiij. gates and at every gate ij. or iij. M. of good men's bodies armed and manful countred with our englishmen and much pepull slain diverse times with guns quarrels and other ordinance. ¶ And this siege durid xx. weeks and ever they of the town trastid to have be rescued but there come none: so at the last they keeped so long the town that theridamas died money thousands with in the town for default of meet of men & women & children. for they had heten their horse dogs & cattis that were in the town. ¶ And oft times the men of arms drofe out the poer pepull out at the gates of the town for spending of victual. & anon our englishmen drofe them in to the town again ¶ So at the last the capitain of the town saw the mischief that they were not rescued. & also the scarcite of victual. & that the pepull died so for default of meet every day money thousandis. & also saw young children lie and suck their moders pappis & were deed. Than anon they sent to the king beseeching him of his grace & mersci & brought the keys of the town unto the king & delivered the town to him: & all the soldiers voided the town with their horse & harness and though comunes of the town for to abide and duel still in the town yearly to pay to him & to his successors for all manner customs and fee fermes and kateremes. ¶ And than thee king entered in to the town and rested him in the Castle till the town was set in rule and in governance. ¶ How the king of england was made heritier & regent of france & how he wedded queen Katrine. ANd anon after that Rone wos gotten Deep & money oder towns in the baas Normandi give them over with out stroke or siege when they under stood that the king had gotten rone Also this same year had been a peace made and suorne between the Duke of Burgon & the Dolphin which were sworen on godis body that they should love and assist each other against their enemies. ¶ And after this contrari to this oath. the duke johan of Burgoyn was slain & pituysly murdered in the presence of the dolphin wherefore the frenshmen were gretli divided & of verray necessity laborid to have a trayttye with the king of england For the king of Englond won dayli of them tounys castillis & fortresses. ¶ Also this same year wos queen jane arrested & brought in to the castle of Ledis in Kent. And one frere Randolf a doctor of divinity her confessor which afterward wos slain by the person of the tower falling at words & debate. & after queen jane was delivered ¶ And in the seven. year both kings of france & of Englond were accorded & king Henri was made heir and regent of france and wedded Dame Katrin the kings daughter of fraunse at Troy's in Champain on trinity sondai ¶ And this was made by the meyn of Phelip new made duke of Burgoyn which wos sworn to king Henri. for to a venge his fathers death & was becomen English. ¶ And than the king with his new wife went to Paris where he wos rially received And from thence he with his lords and the duke of Burgon & money othir lords of fraun laid siege to diverse towns and Castles that held of the Dolphins party & wan them But the town of Melun held long time. for there in were good defenders ¶ In the viij. year the king & the queen come over se and landid on Candilmasse day in the morou at Dover ¶ And the xiv. day of Feveryer the king come to london And the xxi. day of the same month the queen come. And the xxiv. day of the same she wos crowned at westmynstre Also the same year anon after Ester the king held a parliament at westmynstre at which parliament it wos ordained that the gold in english coin should be weighed. & none resayved but by weight ¶ And anon after whitsuntide the king sailed to Calais and passed so forth in to france And in march the xxij· day. before the king come over the duke of Clarence wos slain in france and diverse othir lords taken prisoners as the earl of Huntindon. the earl of somersault with diverse other And all wos because they would not take with them archers but thought to have do with the frenshmen themself. with out them. ¶ And yet when he was slain the archers come and rescued the body of the duke which they would have carried with them god have mercy on his soul. he wos a valiant man. ¶ And the same year between christmas & Candilmasse the town of Melun wos yolden to the king ¶ In the ix. year on sent Nicholas day in December was borne Henri the kings first begotten son at windsor. whose godfadres at fontstone was henri bishop of wynchestre & Iohn duke of of Bedford & the duchess of holland was godmother. & hen●i Chicheley archbishop of cantorberi was godfader at ꝯfirming ¶ And in the x. year the cite of Mews in brie was gotten. which had long besieged. And this same year the queen shippid at hampton & sailed over to the king in france where she was worshipfulli received of the king: & so of the king of france her father & of her mother ¶ And thus king Henri won fast in fraunse & held great estate & sat at dinner at a great fest in Paris croned & the queen also. which had not been said before. & all pepull resorted unto his court. but as to the king of france he heeled none estate ne rule but wos left almost alone▪ ¶ Also this year the wethercok wos set upon Paul'S stepull at london And this year in the month of august the king waxed seek at boys de vyncent. & when he saw he should die he made his testament. & ordaned money things nobull for his soul & deuoutli ressaved all the rightis of holy church. in so far forth that when he wos anointed he said the service with the priest. and at the vers of the psalm Miserere mei deus that wos Benign fac dne in bona voluntate tua syn ut edificentur muri jerusalem. he bade tarry there & said thus. O good lord thou knowest that mine intent hath been & yet is if I might leave to reidyfie the wallis of jerusalem. ¶ And then thee priest procedid forth and made an end. ¶ And anon after this most nobull prince & victorious king flower in his time of cristyn chivalri whom all the world doubted. gave his soul in to the hands of god & died & made an end of his natural life at the foresaid Boys de vyncent beside Paris the xxxvi. year of his age. on whose soul god have mercy amen. ¶ Then wos the body enbamed & cerid & laid in a rial chare and an image like to him waas laid upon the corpse open with diverse banners & horse covered richeli with arms of england & france. and also thold arms of saint Edward sent Edmond and other with great multitude of torchis. with whom went the king of scotland & money other lords which accompanid the body till it come unto westmynstre by london in Englond ¶ And in every town by the way he had solempli his dirige on the even and mass on the morn. and much almis was yef to poor pepull by the way And the seven day of Novembre after the corpse was brought through londom with great reverens & solempnite to westmynstre where he now lieth. it was worshipfulli buried. and after was laid on his tomb a rial image like to himself of silver and gild which wos made at the cost of queen Katrin ¶ And thus ended & is entered & buried the nobull king Henri the fifth on whose soul & all cristyn god have merci amen· ¶ Of the law of king henri the v. & what he ordained for king Richard & for himself after his death. HEre is to be noted that this king Henri the v. wos a nobull prince after he wos king & crowned. how be it before in his youth he had been wild reckless & sparid no thing of his lust ne desires: but accomplished them after hrs' liking. but as soon as he wos crowned ennoynted & sacred anon sodenli he was changed in to a new man & set all his intent to live vertuusly in maintaining of holy church. destroying of heritikis. Keeping justice & dofending of his ream & subiettis ¶ And for as much as his father had deposed by his labour the good king Richard. & piteously made him to die. and for the ofence done to him aynest his legiance. he had sent to rome to be asoyled thereof. For which offence the pope our holy father enjoined him to make him be prayed fore perpetually. & like as he had done to be taken from him his natural life ther fore he should do found iiij. tapers to burn perpetually about his body. that for the extinction of his bodyli life his soul may ever be remembered & live in heaven in spiritual life ¶ And also that he should every week on the day as it come about of his death h●ue a solemn mass of requiem & on the even before a dirige with ix. lessons and a dole to poor pepull always on that day of a xi shillings and viij. pens to be deled penny meal. and once in the year at his annyversarie his terment to be holdyn in the most honest wise. & be dealed that day xx. pound in pens to poor pepull. ¶ And to every monk to have xx· shilling which all thes things ꝑfurmed this noble king for his father. for king Henri the iiij. his father performed it not during his life. whom as it was said god touched & was a leper or he died ¶ Also than this nobull prince let do call all the abbots & priors of scent Benet order in england & had them in the chapiture house of westminster for the reformation of the order wherein he had comynication. & also with bishops and men of the spiritualty. in so far forth that they doutid sore he would have had the temꝑaltes out of there hands. wherefore by thavy. labour & ꝓcuring of the spiritualty encouraged the king to challenge Normandy & his right in france. to th'intent to set him a work there that he should not seek occasions to enter in to such matters ¶ And all his life after he laboured in the weris in conquering great part of the ream of france. that by the a greement of the king Charles he had all the governance of the ream of france. & wos ꝓclamid regent & heir of france. & so not withstanding all this great were that he had yet he remembered his soul & also that he was mortal & must die. for which he ordained by his liue the place of his sepultur where he is buried & every day iij. massis ꝑpetualli songen in a chapel over his sepultur. of which the middill mass & the first & laast mass shall be as his assigned by him as it appeareth by thes verses foloing. Henrici miss quinti sunt hic tabulate Que successive sunt per monachos celebrate Prima sit assupnte. de festo virgins alme· Poscit postremam christus de morte resurgens. Prima salutate de festo virginis extat Nunciat angelicis. laudem postrema choreis. Esse deum natum. de virgine prima fatetur. Commemorat natam. sic ultima missa mariam. Prima celebretur. ad honorem neupmatis almi. ultima conceptam. denunciat esse mariam Semper prima coli. debet de corpore cristi. ultima sit facta. de virgine purificata Condecet ut prima. celebretur de cruce sancta Atque salutate· fiet postrema marry. Omnes ad sanctos. est prima colenda suꝑnos. ultima de requie. pro defunctie petit esse Semper erit media. de proprietate diei. ¶ And yet the nobull king Henri the v. foundid ij. houses of religion on called Zion beside braynford of the order of scent Brigitte both of men & women. & on that othir side of the river of tamise an house of monks of Charterhouse in which two places he is continually prayed for night & day. for ever when they of Zion restis they of the Charterhouse do their service. & in like wise when they of the charterhous restis the other goeth to. & by ringing of the bellis of eythir place each knoweth when they have ended their service which be nobli endowed. & do dayli there great almusse dedis. as in charterhous certain child be find to school & at sion certayn almisse yefuen dali. & yet beside all this he had foundid a recluse with shall be always a priest to pie for him by the said Charterhouse which priest is sufficiently endued for him & a servant. Lo here may all princes take ensample by this nobull prince that reigned so little time not fully ten year did so money nobull acts as well for his soul to be perpetually remembered & prayed for as in his worldly conquestis & he being in his most lusti age despised & eschewid sin & was vertuꝰ & a great justiser in so much that all the princes of cristendom dread him & also of hethenese. & he had determined in him self if god would have sparid him to have werid on the sarisens' & for to know the aid of oder princes & all the passag in that journey he sent a knight of henaud named sir hugh de lanoye unto jerusalem. but or he returned he died at Boys du vyncent in the xxxvi. yet of his age on whose soul god have mercy Amen. FElix the v. wos pope when Eugeny was deposed ix. year This Felix wos the duke of subandie a devout prince & an old man. & he saw his childis child. This man when he leaved an hole life wos chosin pope of the council of basilians. & Eugeyn was deposit. & there was strife long time & he had no great obedience for the deposition of Eugeyn: And at the last eugeyn decessed & then felix resined to Nicholas for favour of the peace to be had and he wos made legate of france & cardinale of sabianus. ¶ This wos the twenty-three. strife betwixt Eugen & felix & it durid xvi. yere· & this wos a new cause & never be fore seen. for the concel of basilien deposed eugeyn the very pope & there wos no moo: for he obeyed not the decreys of the council of Constantinopolyn as they said ne he charged not to obey the council of Basien both saed rather the contrary should be done then so as they decreid. wherefore there rose a great altercation in that matter. for sum said on way and sum an other. and could not accord unto this day for the un ꝑti said that the council wos above the pope. & an other party said the contrari that the pope wos above the council. but they left it undetermined & therefore god must dispose for the best. Albertus was Emperor after Sygmonde on year. This Albert wos the duke of Anstre & nevew to Sigmond and there for he was king of Beem and of vngri for his daughter for other heir he left not. This man wos chosin Emperor of almain. but anon he wos poisoned and died. and he wos in all things a vertuus man that all men said he wos a precedent to all kings. Fredericus the third was Emperor after him. This Frederik wos the duke of Anriest and chosin of almain but it was long or he wos crowned of the pope for division. at the last there wos made a unite and he was crowned with a great honour of the pope in the cite and wos a pesabull man and a quiet & of a singular pete. and he hated not the clargi he wedded the kings daughter of Portugal And in his time whiles that he reigned he made a great convocation of princes in ratispona. for the in cors of the Turquis and showed unto them that now with in this xx. year christendom wos made lass by two hundreth mile. and he warned them that they should be ready to resist him. ¶ And the cite imperial of Constantinobull was taken of the misbeleving Turquis and betrayed be a Ianuens. whom for his labour the turk made a king as he promised him and the iiij. day he called home and he did him for his dissayt to his master. And there wos great sorrow and weeping among cristyn pepull for the loss of that nobull Cite and of cristyn men and women. for money a cristyn man was slain and innumerable were sosld. and the Emperor wos slain. & for envy the Turk caused his heed to be smit of when he wos deed And almost all the faith in the land of greek failed. Nicholaus the fifth a Ianuens was pope after felix viij· year This Nycholas was chosin at rome in the plais of Euggyny & yet the strife hengit. And a little & little they obeyed him. and all men meruellid. that a man of so poor a nation should obtain against the duke of Subandy the which wos cousin and allied almost to all the princes of cristyndom and everyone left him. Then in the year after theridamas wos a peace made. & Felix resavid for it pleased our lord his name to be glorified by a object of the world as was that januens· in comꝑison to the duke the pope. This Nicholas was a master in divinity and active man. & a rich man in consaites. & money things that were fallen he bildid again. & all the walls of rome he renewed for dread of the Turk. And there was a verse made of this unite and publisit in the cite. Lux fulsit mundo: cessit felix nicholao. And that in the year of our lord. M.iiijC.xlix. The yet of grace with a great devotion was confirmid & innumerabull pepull went to the apostle seats. ¶ How king Henri the vi. reigned being a child not oon year of age & of the battle of vernaill in perch. AFter king Henri the v. reigned henri his son but a child and not fulli on year of age. whose reign began the frist day of Septembre in the year of our lord M. cccc.xxij. This king being in his cradle wos much dowtid and dread by cause of the great conquest of his father & also the wisdom & guiding of his uncles the duke of Bedford & the duke of Gloucestre. ¶ This year the xxi. day of October died Charles the king of france. & lieth buried at scent Denys. And than wos the duke of bedford made regent of france. And the duke of Gloucestre wos made ꝓtector and defender of england. ¶ And the frist day of march after was sir willm Taillour priest degradid of his priesthood and on the morrow after he wos brint in smythfeld for herise ¶ This year sir james steward king of scots married Dame jane the duchess daughter of Clarence of her frist husband the earl of somersault at scent Mary ovays ¶ Also this year the xvij. day of August wos the battle of vernaill in perch between the duke of bedford regent of france & the duke of Alaunsone which was a great battle. The duke of Bedford had ● on his sid with him the earl of salusberi Mountagu & the lord Talbot & all the power that they could make in Normandy the garysouns kept. And also money captains with much pepull of the duke of Borgoyns ¶ And on that other side was the duke of Alaunson. the duke of Turon that wos th'earl douglas. the earl Boughan with money lords of france & great componie of scots and Armynakis And than the Earl douglas called the duke of Bedford johan with the leaden sword. And he sent him word again that he should find that day that his sword wos of steel. ¶ And so the battle joined on both sides and fought long time that there witted no man who should have the better a great while. but at the last as god would the victori fell unto the English party. For there were slain. the earl douglas which a little before wos made duke of Turon. the earl of boughan the earl of Almarre. the earl of Tounar. the earl of vauntedor and the viscount of Nerbonne which was on of them that slew duke Iohn of Borgoyn kneeling before the dolphin & money more unto the number of x. thousand and more And there wos taken prisoners thee duke of Alaunson and money other lordid and gentillis of france but scots that day were slain down right the substance of them all. ¶ And the third year of king henri the sixth the Duke of Gloucestre married the duchisse of holland & went over the sea with her in to henaude for to take possession of his wife's heritance where he wos honourably received and taken for lord of the land but soon after he was fain to return home again tho and left his wife & all his treasure that he had brought with him in a town that is called Mounse in henaud. which promised him for to be true to him. notwithstanding they delivered the lady unto the duke of borgoyn which sent her to Gaunt And from thence she ascapid in a man nies clothing and come in to Zealand to a town of her own called Ziorixee And from thence she went to a town in holland called the Ghowde and there she wos strong enough and withstood the said duke of Burgoyn. ¶ And soon after the duke of gloucester sent over in to Zealand the lord fitzwater with certain men of were and archers for to help and succour the foresaid duchefse of holland. which ●andit at a place in Zealand called brewer's haven. where the lords of the country come down and faght with him. and in conclosion he wos fain to with draw him and his many to the see again. But yet he slew and hurt diverse lords and much pepull of that same country And so returned home again with his many and prevaylid no thing. ¶ And also this same year the● earl of Salusberi. the earl of suffolk. the lord Wylby and thee lord scalis with their retinue laid siege to the cite of Manus. the which cite wos yoleden to them with money othir strong tounes and Castellis to the number of xxxvi: ¶ This time all Normandy and a great part of france unto orleans wos under the obeisance of the king of england And all the remnant of france wos in great tribulation and mischief. ¶ How there wos a great fray like to have been between the cardinal & the duke of Gloucestre. And of the coronation of king Henri the sixth both in england & in france. IN the iiij. year the same night that the mayor of london johan coventry had take his charge. was a great watch in London for a fray that wos between the bishop of wynchestre and the Duke of Gloucestre protector etc. ¶ For the mayor with the pepull of the cite would abide by the duke of gloucester as protector of the ream. but by labour of lords that went between & in special by the labour of the prince of Portyngale. there was a pointement taken that there was no harm done. And after the battle of verneyll in perch thee duke of bedford come over in to Englond And on whitsunday this same year at Laycestre he dubbed king Henri knight. And forthwith the said king Henry dubbed all thes knights. whose names followeth. that is to wit sir Richard duke of york. also the son and heir of the duke of Norfolk. the earl of Oxford. the Earl of westmoreland. the son and heir of the earl of Northumburland. the son & heir of the earl of urmond. the lord Roos. sir jamys buttelar the lord martravas sir Henry grey of tankerville sir willm Nevil lord fawconbrigge sir George Neulll lord latimer. the lord wellis. the lord berkle the son and heir of the lord Talbot. sir Ralph grey of work Sir robert veer. sir Richad grey sir Edmond hongerford. Sir Robert Wynkfeld. sir johan botteller. Sir Raynold Cobham sir Ioha● passheley sir Thomas Tunstall Sir Iohn Chidiok sir Ralph langford sir wyllm drury sir willm ap Thomas sir Richard Carbonell Sir Richard Wydevile Sir johan shridelew sir Wyllyamm Cheyn. sir William Babyngton. sir Iohn june sir Gilmbert Beauchamp. ¶ Item in the v. year the duke of Bedford with the duchese his wife went over see to calais. & a little before went over Henri bishop of winchestre And on our lady day anunciation in our lady church at Calais the bishop of winchestre when that he had sungen mass wos made Cardinal. & he kneeling before the high altar the duke of Bedford set the hat upon his heed. and there were his bulls red as well of his charge as the reioyssing of his benefices spiritual and temperill ¶ And this same year was great abundance of rain. that the substanse of hay and also of corn was destroyed. for it rained almost every other day ¶ And this same year the good earl of salusberi sir Thomas Montague laid siege unto orleans at who siege he wos slain with a gone. that come out of the town on whose soul god have merci. for sith that he wos slain Englishmen never got ni prevailed in france: but ever after began to lose little and little till all wos lost ¶ Also this same year a breton murdered a good widow in her bed without algate which widow fond him for alms And he bore away all that she bade. ¶ And after this he took the girth of holy church at scent Georgis in southwark. and there token the cross and forsuore this land And as he went it happened that he come by the please where he did this cursed deed in the subbarbes of london. And the women of the same parissh come out with stonies and canel dung and slew and made an end of him ther. notwithstanding the constabules and money other men being present for to keep him. for there were money women. and had no pit: ¶ Also this same year the Duke of Norfolk with money gentle men and yeomen took his barge the viij. day of Novembre at scent Mary oveyes for to have go through london brugge: and through misgyding of the barge. it overthrew on the piles and money men drowned: but the duke himself with ij. or iij. leaped upon the piles and so were saved with help of men that were above the brugge which casten down ropis by the which roppis they saved themself ¶ This same year on scent Leonardis day king Henri being seven. year of age wos crowned at westminster at whose coronation were made xxxvi. knightis This year on scent Georgis day he passed over the see to calais toward france About this time and a fore the ream being in great misery and tribulation: the dolphin with his part began to make were and gate certain places and made distresses upon english men by the meyn of his captains that is to say lafoy here & poton de seyntraylles and ispeciall a maid which they named la pucelle de dien. This maid rood like a man & was a valiant capitain among them and took upon her money great enterprises in so much that they had a believe for to have recovered all there lossies by her. ¶ Not wtstondyng at the last after money great feats. by thee help and proviesse of sir johan Luxemburgh the which was a nobull capitain of the Dukes of Burgoyn and money englishmen picardes and Burgoygnous which weren of our party before the town of Compyne the twenty-three. day of May the foresaid pucelle was taken in the field armed like a man and money other captains with her. & were all brought to Rouen and there she wos put in to prison And there she was jugged by the law to be brent. and then she said that she was with child. whereby she wos respited a while: But in conclusion it was found that she wos not with child And then she was burned in Rouen. And the oder captains were put to ransom and entreated as men of were been acustmed etc. ¶ And this same year about Candilmasse Richard hunger a wollepacker was dampened for an heretic and brent at tower hill And about midlentin sir Thomas Baggeli priest and vicary of Maven in Estsex beside Walden wos disgratid and dampened for an heretic and brent in smith field ¶ And also in this same year whiles the king wos in france there were moni heritikis & loulars that had purposed to make a rising & cast billis in money places. but blessed be god almighty the capitain of them wos taken whose name was willm Maundevill a weaver of Abendon and balif of the same town which named himself Jack Sharp of Wigmoresland in wales And afterward he wos be headed at the foresaid Abendon in the witson week on the tewisday ¶ This same year the sext day of December king Henri the sixth was crowned king of france at Paris in the church of our lady with great solempnite. there being present the Cardinal of Englond the duke of bedford and money othir lords of france & of Englond ¶ And after this coronation & great fest held at Paris the king returned from thence to roan & so toward Calais. & the ix. day of Feverer landed at Dover. whom all the comunes of kent met at beramdoun between Cantorberi & dover all in reed hodis. & so come forth till he come to the black heath. where he wos met with the mayor johan wellis with all the crafts of london clothed all in white And so they brought him unto London the xxi: day of the same month. ¶ And this same year was a restraint of the wollis of calais made by the soudiou●s by cause they were not paid of their wages wherefore the Duke of bedford regent of France being then capitain come to Calais the tewisday in the ester week And on the morn after money soldiers of the town were arrested & put in ward And in the same week he road to Terewyn. & by the meyn of the bishop of Terewyn he wedded the earls daughter of scent Poule & come again to Calais. ¶ And the xi. day of june on sent Barnabeiss day there were iiij. soldiers of Calais that were chief causers of the restraint headed that is to wit Iohn Maddeley johan Lunday Thomas Palmer & Thomas Talbot. & an hundreth & x. banished the town that same tyme. & before were banished an hundreth & xx. soldiers And on midsummer even after come the lord regent & his wife to london. about this time pope martin died And after him Eugeyne thee fourth wos Pope. This man was pesabuly chosin in Rome by the Cardinals and was very & indubytate pope· But shortly after he was put and expulsid out of Rome in such manner that he wos fain to flee nakid. In this same time wos the council of Basilie to which council he wos tho cited to come And be cause he come not they deposit him. but he wrought not ne set not there by but got the cite of Rome and abode still Pope xvij: year. This year about whitsuntide the heretics of Praghe were destroyed For at two journays' were destroyed of them more than xxij thousand with their capitayns·s that is to wit Procapius Saplico & Lupus presbyter. Also there wos take on live master per clerk an Englishman and an heretic ¶ Also this same year wos a great frost & a strong during xi. wekis For it began on saint Katrines even & lasted unto saint Scolasticais day in Feverer in which time the vintage that come fro Bordeaux come over shotres hill ¶ This year wos the council of Aras & a great trayte between the king of Englond and the king of france. where was assembled money great lords of both parties at which council wos offered to the king of Englond great things by the meyens of a Legate that come from rome which wos Cardinale of sent cross which offres were refused by the Cardinal of Englond and other lords that were there for the king. wherefore the duke of Burgoyn the which had been long english sworn. for soak our party and returned french by the meyn of the foresaid legate and made a peace with the french king resaving of the king for recompensing of his fathers death the count pontiu. the lordship of Ma●o●● with much oder as is specified in the said trayttie. And so our embassatouris come home again in warse case than they went out For they lost there the duke of burgoyn which had been with his bourgoynous and Picardes a singular help in all the conquest of Normadie & of France ¶ This same year wos a great battle on the see between the Genoese and the king of Arragon. of which battle the Genoese had the victory. for they took the king of Arragon. the king of Naune and thee great master of scent james in Galise with iij. hondrith knights and squires and much other pepull. And this was on sent dominikies day ¶ And this same year were sayne iij: sons at once. and anon followed the threefold governance in the church that is to wit of eugeny of the council & of neutralite. ¶ Also this same year M. cccc.xxxiiij. wos a passing great wind by which stepillis houses & treis' were over thrown About this time wos an holy maid in holland called Lydwith. which lived only by miracle not eting any meet. This year the duke of Burgoyn began his order at lyle of the golden Flies. & ordained certain knightis of the order and made statutis and ordinances much according unto the order of the garter. ¶ Also this same yer the frenshmen had enterprised to have stole Calais in the fisshing tyme. for money botis of france had safecondithes to come to Calais for to take herring And the soldiers of the town had a custom to come to the church & leave their staffis standing at the church door which staffis the frenshmen which were arrayed like fishers purposed to have taken there wapen and for to have won the town but on of them lay with a common woman the night before and told to her there council And she on the morrow told the lieutenant which forthwith commanded that every man should keep his wapen in his hand sakring time and other ¶ And when they perceived this that they were mispoynted they sailed straightly to Deep and stole and took that town ¶ And on the Newyeres even after they token Harflet· and thus the englishmen began to lose a little and a little in Normandy. ¶ How Calais & guynes were besieged by the duke of Burgon & how they were rescued by the duke of Gloucestre. This year wos a great noise through all england how the duke of Burgoyn would come and besiege Calais. wherefore thee Earl of Mortayn with his army that he had for to have go with in to france wos contremaundid & charged that he should go to Calais. which wos at that time well vitailled & maned. for sir Iohn Ratclife wos lieutenant of the king in that town. & the baron of Duddeley lieutenant of the castle ¶ And the ix. day of julij the duke of Borgoyn with all the power of flanders and much other pepull come before calais and set his siege about the town. & every town of flanders had there tentis by themself ¶ And this siege endurid iij. weeks. In the meyn while the duke of Gloucestre being ꝓtector of england took the most ꝑtie of the lords of Englond & went over thee see to calais for to rescue the town or to fight with thee duke & his host if they would have biden. this time london & every good town of Englond sent over see to this rescu certain pepull well arrayed of the best and chosin men for the were. ¶ And the second day of august the foresaid duke of Gloucestre arivid at calais with all his army and v. hundreth ships & more. ¶ And the Duke and all his host that lay in the siege as soon as they espied the sails in thee see. before they apporched calais haven. suddenly in a morning departed from the siege. leaving behind him much stuff and vital. & fled in to flanders and Picardye and in like wise died the siege that lay be fore Guyns. where as they of guyns' token the great gone of brass called digeon and money other great gonnies and serpentins ¶ And then when the duke of gloucester wos arrived with all his host. he went in to flanders and wos there xij. days and did but little harmi except. he brent two fair villages Poppering and Belle. and other houses which were of no strength. & so he returned home again ¶ And this same year the king of scotland besieged Rokesburgh with much pepull But sir Ralph Gray departed fram the castle and ordained for rescu But as soon as the king understood his departing he sedenli broke his siege and went his uva and left much ordinance behind him where he got no worsshipp. ¶ This same year the second day of january queen katrine which wos the gynges' mother and wife to king henri the fift died and departed out of this world and wos brought rially through london & so to westminster and there she lieth worchipfully buried in our lady chapel ¶ And also this same year the iiij. day of january fell down the gate with the tour on it on london bridge toward southwerk with two arches and all that stood there on. ¶ This same year wos a great traitte holdyn between graving and Calais between the king and the duke of bourgoyn wherefore the king wos the Cardinal of Englond the duke of Norfolk and money othir lords and for the duke wos the duchisse having full power of her lord as regent & ladi of his lands where wos taken by thavy of both perties an abstinence of were for a certain time in the name of the Duchess & not of duke because he had gone from his oath & legiance that he had made to king Henri therefore the king never would write ne oppointe ne have to do with him after. but all in the duchess name ¶ Also this same year queen jane died the second day of jule which had been king Henri the fourthis wife and wos carried fro Bermondsey unto Cauntorberi where she lieth buried biking Henri the iiij. her husband. ¶ This same year died all the lions in the tour of london. the which had not been seen money years before out of mind. ¶ How Owayn a squire of wales that had wedded queen Katerine wos arrested. And of the schism between Eugenie & felix. IN the xvi. year of king Henri died Sigismond Emperor of almain & knight of the garter. whose terment the king keeped at sent Paul'S in london rialli where was made a rial heerse. and the king in his estate clad in blue was at even at dirige and on the morrow at mass etc. ¶ And after him was elect and chosin Albert duke of Ostrich which had wedded Sigismondꝰ daughter for to be eprour. This man wos taken & received to be king of beme & ungari be cause of his wife that was sigismondus daughter which left after him none other heir ¶ This Albert wos emperor but on year for he wos poisoned & so died. sum saith he died of a flux. but he wos a vertuus man & petifull so much that all the pepull that knew him said that the world wos not worthy to have his presence. ¶ This same year on Owayn a squire of walis a man of law birth. which had money a day before secretly wedded queen Katerine and had by her iij. sons and on daughter wos taken & commaundid to newgate to prison be my lord of Gloucestre protector of the ream ¶ And this year he broke prison by the meyn of a priest that wos his chaplain and after he was takin again by my lord Bemond and brought again to newgate. which afterward wos delivered at large. And on of his sons afterward was made earl of richemond and an other earl of penbroke. & the third a monk of westmynstre which monk died soon after This same year also on Newyeres day at baynardis castle fell down a stake of wood sodenli at afternone & slew iij. men mischevisli and foul hurt othir. Also at bedford on a shrireday were xviij. men murtherid with out stroke by falling down of a stair as they come out of their common hall. & money foul hurt ¶ In the xviij. yer sir Richard Beauchamp the good earl of werwike died at Roon he being that time lieutenant of the king in Normandy. & from thence his body wos brought to warwike. where he lieth worsshipfully in a new chapel on the south side of the quere ¶ Also this year wos a great dearth of corn in all england for a bushel of wheat wos worth xl. pens in money places of england & yet men might not have enough Steven brown that time mare of london sent in to pruce & brought to london certain ships laden with rye. which did much good to the poer pepull for corn wos so scarce in england that in some places of england poer pepull made them bred of fern rotes ¶ This year the general council of Basilie deposed eugeny And they chose Felix which wos duke of Savoy. And than began the schism which endurid unto the year of our lord ihu christ. M. cccc.xlviij This felix was a devout prince & saw his sons son. & after lived an holy life & wos chosin pope of the council of Basile eugeny deposed. And so the schism wos long time and this Felix had not much obedience be cauce of the neutralite for the most part and well nigh all cristyndome obeyed & reputid eugeny for very pope god knawoth who was very pope of them both for both occupied during the life of Eugeny. ¶ This same year sir Richard which vecarie of hermettesworth wos degratid of his priesthood at Paul's & brint at tour hill as for on heretic on scent Botulphus day. how well at his death he died a good cristyn man. where for after his death much pepull come to the place where he wos brent and offered & made a heppe of stonies & set up a cross of tree & held him for a sent till the mayor & sheriffs by the kings commandment & of bishops destroyed it & made there an dung hill. ¶ Also this same year the shireves of london set out of sent Martin's the grant the sentory v. persons. which afterward were restored again to the sentory by the kings justices. ¶ After albert the third Fredrick wos chosin Emperor This Frederik duke of Osterik wos long Emperor & differid for to be crowned at rome because of the schism but after that unite was had he wos crowned with imperial diadem with great glory and triumph of pope Nicholas the iiij. This wos a pesabull man. quiet and of singular paciens not hating the church he wedded the king of Portugese's daughter etc. ¶ How the duchess of gloucester wos arrested for treason. & committed to perpetual prison in the isle of man. And of the death of master Roger Bolingbroke. IN this year Elinour Cobham duchess of gloucester was arrested for certain points of treason laid again her. where upon she was examined in scent Stephenys chepell at westminster before the archbishop of Cantorburi And there she wos enjoined to open penance for to go through cheap bearing a taper in her hand and after to perpetual prison in the isle of man under the keeping of sir Thomas stanley ¶ Also that same time wos arrested master Thomas southwell a canon of westminster master johan Hume a chaplain of the said lady. master Roger bolingbroke a clerk using necromancy. & on mariorie Jurdemayn called the wicch of Eye beside westmynstre. Thes were arrested as for being of council with the said duchess of gloucester And as for master Thomas southwell he died in the tour the night before he should have be rained on the morn For he himself said that he should die in his bed & not by justices ¶ And in the xx. year maistir Iohn hume and master Roger bolingbroke were brought to the gilled hall in london and theridamas before the mair the lords & chief justices of england were rained and dampened both to be drawn & hanged & quartired: but master iohn hume had his chartre and was pardoned by the kyngo· but master Roger wos drawn to Tyburn where he confessed that he died guiltless & never had trespasid in that he died fore. notwithstanding he wos hanged headed & quartired on whose soul god have mercy ¶ And margeri iurdmain was brent in smythfeld. ¶ Also this year wos a great fray in london in fleet street by nyghtis time between men of court and men of london and diverse men slain and sum hurt And on herbotell was chief causer of the misgovernance & affray ¶ Also this year at chesing of the mayor of london the comunes named Robert Clopton & Raulin holland taliour And the aldermen took robert clopton and borough him at the right hand of the meirs as the custom is. And than certain tailors and other hand crafts men cried nay nay not this man but Raulyn Holland. wherefore the mayor that was padysly sent them that so cried to newgate. where they abode agret while and were ponisshed. ¶ In this same year were diverse ambassadors sent in to Guyan for a marriage for the king for the Earls daughter of Armynake. which wos concludid. but by the meyn of the earl of suffolk it was let and put a part. ¶ And after this the said earl of Suffolk went him over the see in to france and there he tretid the marriage between the king of Englond and the kings daughter of Cecile and of jerusalem And the next year it wos concludid fully that marriage by which marriage the king should deliver to her father the duchy of Angeo. and the earldom of Main which wos the key of Normandy ¶ Then departed the Earl of suffolk with his wife & diverse lords and knights in the most raal estate that might be out of england with new chares and palfreys which went through Cheap. and so went over the se. and resaved her and sithen brought her in the lent after unto hampton where she landid. and was rially received. ¶ And on Candilmasse even before by a great tempest of thounder and lightning at afternone Paul's steeple wos set on fire on the middis of the shaft in the timbur which was quenched by force of labour. and specially by the labour of the morrow mass priest of the bow in cheap. with was thought impossible sayf only the grace of god. ¶ This year wos the earl of stafford made & create duke of Bokyngham: the earl of werwik: duke of warwyke the earl of Dorset marquis of Dorset. & the earl of suffolk wos made marquis of suffolk. ¶ How king Henri wedded queen Margarete and of her coronation. IN this year king Henri married at southwik queen Margaret And she com· to london the xviij. day of May & by the way all the lords of england ressayved her worshipfully in diverse places. And in especial the duke of gloucester. and on thee black heath the mayor with the aldermen and all the crafts in blue gounies browderd with the devise of his craft that they might be by known met with her with reed hodis and brought her to london where were diverse pagentis and countenance of diverse histories showed in diverse places of the cite rially and costly ¶ And the thirty. day of May the foresaid queen wos crowned at westminster And their was justis iij. days during. within the sentory be fore the abbey ¶ This year the prior of kylmian appellid the earl of urmond of treason. which had a day assigned to them for to fight in smithfield. And the listis were made and field drassid. but when it come to point the king commanded that they should not fight. but took the quarrel in to his hand. And this wos done at the instance & labour of certain prechours and doctors of london as master Gilbert worthyngton parson of sent Andrew's in holborn and othir. ¶ Also this same year come a great enbassade in to Englond out of france. for to have concludid a perpetual peace. but in conclusion it turned unto a truces of a year ¶ About this time dread sent Barnardyn a grey frere which began the new reformation of that ordir in money places in so much that they that were reform been called observants. which observants been encresid gretli in Ytali & in almain ¶ This Bernardyn was canonized by pope Nicholas the .v. In the year of our lord. M. cccc.l. ¶ johannes de Capistrano wos his desciple which ꝓfited much to the reformation of that order for whom god hath showed money a fair miracle. also here is to be noted that from this time forward king Henri never ꝓfited ne went forward. but fortune began te turn from him on all sides as well in france Normandy Guyan as in england. Sum men holden opinion that king Henri gave comyssion plenery to sir Edward hull sir Robert Roos Dene of sent saverins and other to conclude a marriage for him with the earl of armynakis sister. which wos promised as it wos said & concludid. but afterward it wos broken: & he wedded queen margaret as afore is said. which wos a dear marriage for the ream of england For it wos known verili that for to have her was delivered the duchy of Angeo and the erledom of main which wos the key of Normandy for the frenshmen to enter. ¶ And about this the said marquis of suffolk axed in plain parliament a xv. & an half for to fetch her out of france. Lo what a marriage was this. as to the comparison of that other marriage of armynake. For there should have been delivered so money castles & towns in Guyan and so much good should have be yeven with her that all england should have been there by enriched. but contrari wise fell. wherefore every great prince ought to keep his ꝓmisse. for be causa of breaking of this ꝓmisse and for marriage of queen margaret what loss hath the ream of england had by losing of normandy and guyan▪ by division in the ream. the rebelling of comunes against their prince & lords. what division among the lords. what murder & slaying of them: what fields fought and made: in conclusion so money that money a man hath lost his life and in conclusion the king deposed & the queen with her son fain to flee in to scotland and from thence in to france and so to loriyn the place that she come frist fro. ¶ Money men deemeth that the breaking of the kings promise to the sister of the earl of armynake was cause of this great loss and adversity. ¶ How the duke of gloucestre the kings uncle wos arrested at the parliament of bury. & his death. & how angeo in main was delivered. IN the xxv. year of king Henri wos a parliament at Bur● called sent Edmondis buri about which was commanded all the comunes of the country to be there in their most best defensabull array for to await upon the king To which parliament come the duke of Gloucestre umfrey the kings uncle. which had been protector of england all the none age of the king. and anon after he wos in his logging he wos arrested by the viscount bemond the con a bull of england whom accompanied the duke of Bokyngham and money othir lords And forthwith all his servants were commanded for to depart from him. & xxxij. of the chief of them were arrested & sent to diverse prisons and anon after this said arrest. the said duke was on the morrow deed on whose soul god have mercy amen But how he dread & in what manner the certain is not to be known: sum said he died for sorrow: sum said he wos murdrid between two fethir beddis. othir sum said that an hot spite wos put in his foundemet but how he died god knoweth· to whom is nothing hid. ¶ And then when he wos deed he wos laid open that all men might him see ¶ And so both lords and knights of the shires with burgises come and saw him lie deed. but wound ne token could they perceive how he died. here may men mark what this world is. This duke wos a nobull man & a great clerk. & had worshipfully ruled this ream to the kings behove. & never could befound fault to him. ¶ But envy of them that were governors & had promised the duchy of Angeo and the earldom of main caused the destruction of this nobull man. for they dread that he would have enpeched that deliverance And after they sent his body to scent Albon with certain lightis for to be buried. ¶ And so sir Geruays of Clifton had than the charge to convey the corpse. & so it was buried at sent albons in the Abbey. & v. parsons of his housold were sent to london. and there were rained and jugged to be drawn hanged and also quartired. of whom the names were sir Roger Chamburlain a knight and on Miedelton a squire Herbard a squire Arthur a squire and Richard Nedham. which v. persons were drawn from the tower of london thorough cheap to Tyburn & theridamas hanged and let down quick. and then striped to have been headed and quartired. & then the marquis of suffolk showed there for them the kings pardon under his great seal. and so they were pardonned of the remnant of the exicution & had their lives. & so they were brought again to london. and after freely delivered ¶ Thus began the trubull in the ream of england for the death of this noble duke of Gloucestre All the comunes of the ream began for to murmur for it and were not content. ¶ After that Pope Eugeny wos deed Nicholas the v. wos elect pope. This Nicholas wos choson for Eugeyn yet having the schism notwithstanding he got the obedience of all cristyn reams For after he w●s elect & sacred pope. certain lords of france and of England we● sent in to Savoy to pope Felix. for to entrete him to ceese of the papacy. And by the special labour of the bishop of Norwich & the lord of sent jonhes he cessid the second year after that the pope Nicholas wos sacred. ¶ And the said Felix was made Legate of france and Cardinal of Savoy. And resigned the hole papacy to Nicholas & after lived an holy life and died an holy man and as it is said almighty god showeth miracles for him. ¶ This wos the twenty-three schism between Eugeny and felix. and durid xvi. year. the cause wos this. The general council of Basile deposed Eugeny which was only pope and indubitate for as much as he observed not and keeped the decrees & statutis of the council of Constance as it is afore said. Nothir he wrought not to yef obedience to that genall council in no manner wise. wherefore arose agret altercation amongs writers of this matter pro and contra. who can not accord unto this day. ¶ On party saith that the council is above the pope. & that other parti said nay. but the pope is above the council. god blessed above all things give & grant his peace in holy church spouse of christ anon. This Nicholas wos of Iene comen of low burth. a doctor of divinity. an actif man· he reedefied money places that were broken and ruinous. and did do make a great wall about the palace & made the wall new about rome for dread of the Turquis. ¶ And the pepull wondered of the ceesing & resyning of Felix to him: considered that he wos a man of so homely a birth. And that other was of a affinity to all the most ꝑtie of cristyn princes whereof there wos a verse published as afore said ¶ How sir Franceys aragonoys took fogiers in Normandy And of the loss of Constantinoble by the Turk. IN the year of king henri xxvij. being truces between france & england a knight of the english ꝑtis named sir Frances aragonis took a town of Normandi named fogiers against the truces of which taking begun much sorrow & loss. For this was the occasion by which the frenshmen got all Normandy etc. ¶ About this time the cite of Connstantinople which wos impariall Cite in all gr●ce was taken by the Turquis infidels. which wos betrayed as sum hold opinion and the emperor taken and slain. And that rial church of scent Sophia rob and despoiled and the relyquis & images and the Road drawn about the stretis which was done in spite of cristyn faith. And soon after all cristyn saith in Grece perished and cessid. There were money cristyn men slain and innumerabull sold and put in captivity. by the taking of this town thee Turk his greatly enhanced in pride. & it is a great loss to all cristendome. ¶ In the xxviij. year wos a parliament holdin at westminster. & from thence adjourned to the black friars at london. & after christmas to westminster ayen· And this same year Robert of Cane a man of the westcuntre with a few ships took a great flet of ships coming out of the bay laden with salt: which sh̄ippis were of pruce flanders holland & zealand & brought them to hampton. wherefore the marchandis of england being in flanders were arrested in bruges I pray & oder places might not be delivered ne there dettis discharged till they had made a pointement for to pay for the hurts of those ships which wos paid by the marchantis of the stapull every penny. And in like wise the merchants and goods being in dansk were also arrested and made great amendis. ¶ This same year the frenshmen in a morning took by a train the town of pount all arch and therein the lord Fauconbrige was take prisoner And after that in december Rouen wos take and lost being there in the duke of Somersete Edmond: the earl of Shrewsberi. which by a pointement left pledges and lost all Normandy and come home in to england. And during the said parliament the duke of soffolke wos arrested and sent in to the tour & there he was a month and after the king did do fetch him out. for which cause all the communes of Englond were in a great rumer. what for the deliverance of Angeo and main and after losing of all Normandy & in especial for the death of the good duke of Gloucestre in so much that in some places men gathered to geders and made them captains as blue beard and other. which were taken and resistid and had justices and died. ¶ And than the said parliament was adjourned to leicester. And thither the king brought with him the duke of suffolk ¶ And when the comunes understood that he was out of the tower & common thither they desired to have execution on them that were cause of the deliverance of Normandy and had been cause of the death of the duke of Gloucestre. & had sold Gascoyn and guyen. of which they named to begilt● the duke of suffolk as chief. the lord say. the bishop of salisberi. Daniel & mon● more: ¶ And for to pease the comyns the duke of suffolk was exiled out of england v. year. ¶ And so during the parliament he went in to Norfolk and theridamas took shipping for to go out of thee ream of england in to france. ¶ And this year as he sailid on the se aship of were called the Nicholas of torment with his ship and fond him therein. whom they token out and brought him in to their ship to the master and the captains and there he was examined and at the last jugged to death. And so they put him in a Cabon and his chaplain for to shrive him And that done they brought him in to Dover road. and there set him in to the boat And there smoten of his heed and brought the body on land upon the sandis and set the heed there by. ¶ And this wos done thee frist day of May ¶ Lo what availed him now all his deliverance of Normandy etc. And here ye may here how he was rewardid for the death of the duke of Gloucestre Thus began sorrow upon sorrow and death for death etc. ¶ How this year wos the insurrextion in Kent of the comunies of whom Jack Cade an Irishman wos capitain. THis year of our lord M. cccc.l. wos the great grace of the jubilee at Rome. where wos great pardon in so much that from all places in cristyndome great multitude of pepull resorted thither. ¶ And this year wos a great assemble and gadring together of the comunes of kent in great nombur & made an insurrextion & rebelled again the king & his laws. & ordained them a capitain called iohn Cade an Yrishman. which named himself Mortimer cousin to the duke of york ¶ And this capitain held thes men together & made ordinance among them & brought them to the black heath. where he made a bill of petitions to the king & his council & shown what injuries & oppressions the poer commons suffered. & all under colour for to come to his above. & he had a great multitude of pepull. ¶ And the xvij. day of june the king & money lords captains & men of were went toward him to the black heath. & when the capitain of Kent understood the coming of the king with so great puissance. he withdrew him with his pepull to Sevenoke a little village ¶ And the xxviij. day of june he being withdrawn & gone. the king come with his army set in order & enbatailled to the black heath And by advice of his council sent sir umfrey stafford knight. & willm stafford squire two valiant capitains with certain pepull to feght with the capitain & to take him & bring him & his accessaries to the king. which went to sovenoke & there the capitain with his fellowship met with them and fought ayens them and in conclusion slew them both & as money as abode & would not yield him were slain During this skarmush fell a great variance among the lords men and common pepull being on black heth against their lords & captains saying playnlis that they would go unto the capitain of Kent to assist and help him but if they might have execution on the traitors being about the king. where to the king said nay. & they said playnli that the lord say treasurer of england. the bishop of Salisburi the baron of dudby the abbot of glouceturdames & trevilian & money more were traitors & worthy to be deed herfore for to please the lords many & also sum of the kings house. the lord say wos arestie & sent to the tour of london And then the king hearing tidings of the death and overthrowing of the staffordis. he with drew him to london. and from thence to kylingworth. For the king ne the lords durst not trust there own household men ¶ Then after that the capitain had had this victori upon thes staffordis. anon he took sir umfrey salat and his brigantins smitten full of giltnales. And also his gilt sporris & arrayed him like a lord and a capitain and resorted with all his many and also more than he had before to thee black heath again to whom come the archbishop of Cantorberi. and the duke of bokyngham to thee black heath and spoke with him. and as it wos said they fond him witty in his talking and his request And so they departed ¶ And thee third day of evil he come and entered in to London with all his pepull. and there did make cries in the kings name and in his name that noman should rob ne take no manner of goodis. but if he paid for it. and come riding through the cite in great pride. and smote his sword upon london stone in Canwyk street. ¶ And he being in the cite sent to the tower for to have the lord say. and so they set him and brought him to the Guyldhall before the More & the Aldermen. where that he was examined and he said he would and ought to be judged by his peris. And the communes of Kend. took him by force fro the mayor and officers that keeped him. and took him to a priest to shrive him. and or he might be half shriven they brought him to the standard in Cheap. and there smote of his heed. on whose sole god have marci Amen. ¶ And thus died the lord say treasurer of england After this they set his heed on a spear and bore it about in the rite And the same day about the mile end Crowmer wos beheaded ¶ And the day before at afternone the capitain with certain of his meinie went to Philip Malpas house & rob him & took away much good And from thence he went to sent margaret patyns to on gherstis house & rob him & took away from him much good also. at which robbing diverse men of london of their neighbours were at and took part with them ¶ For this robbing the pepull hearts fell from him. & every thrifty man wos afeard for to be seruied in like wise. ¶ For there wos money a man in london that awaited and would fain have sayne a common robbery. which almighty god forbed for it is to suppose if he had not robbed he might have gone far or he had been withstand ¶ For the king & all the lords of the ream of Englond were departed except the lord Scales that keeped the tower of london ¶ And the fifth day of evil he did done smite of a man's heed in southwark. and the night after the ●naire of london with the aldermen and the communes of the cite concludid to drive a way the capitain & his host & sent to the lord scalis to the tour & to matthew gohe a copitayn of Normandy. that they would that night asaille the capitain with them of Kent ¶ And so they did y come to london brige in to southwark or the capitain had any knowledge there of. & there they sought with them that keeped the bridge And the Kentishmen went to harness and come to the bridge & shot & fought with them & got the bridge. & made them of london to i'll & slow money of them. & this endurid all the night to & fro. to ix of the cloak on the more And at the last they brent the draw brigge where money of them of london were drowned: In which night Sutton an alderman was slain Roger heysant and Matthew gohe and money other And after this the Chancilar of Englond sent to the capitain a pardon general for him & other for all his meinie And then they departed from southwark every man home unto his own house. ¶ And when they were all departed and goon· there were proclamations madem Kent southsex and other places. that what man could take the captain quick or deed should have a M. mark. And after this on Alixander Iden a squire of Kent took him in a garden in southsex & in the taking the Captan Iohn Cade wos slain: & after behedid & his heed set on london bridge ¶ And anon after then the king come in to Kent. and did his justices sit at Cauntorberi and inquired who were causaries & chief cause of this Insurrection ¶ And there were viij. men judged to death in on day & in other places more. And from thence the king went in to southsex and in to the westcuntre. where a little before wos slain the bishop of Salisberi. ¶ And this same year were so money iugged to death that twenty-three. hedes stood upon london bridge at on's. ¶ Of the field that the duke of york took at brentheth in Kent. and of the burth of prince Edward. & of the frist battle at scent Albon where the duke of Somersete wos slain. IN the thirty year of the king. The duke of york come out of the march of wales with th'earl of Devinshire & the lord Cobham & great puissance for reformation of certain Injuries and wrongs. & also to have justice on certain lords being about the king & took a field at brontheth beside dertford in Kent which wos a strongfeld. for which cause the king with all the lords of the land went unto the black heath with a great and strong multitude of pepull armed and ordained for the were in the best wise. And when they had mustered on the heath. Certain lords were tho sent unto him for to tret and make appointment with him. which were the bishop of Ely and the bishop of wynchestre and the earls of Salisberi and of werewyke. And they concludid that the duke of Somersete should be had to ward & to answer to such articles as the duke of york should put on him and than the duke of york shusd break his field and come to the king. which wos all promised by the king. ¶ And so the king commanded that the duke of Somersete should be had in ward. And than the duke of york broke up his field and come to the king. and when he was comen contrary to the promiss afore made. the duke of somersault was present in the field a waiting and chief about the king. & made the duke of york ride before as a prisoner through london. and after they would have put him in hold. But anoyse aroso that the earl of march his son was coming with x. thousand men to londonward wherefore the king and his council ferid. and than they concludid that thee duke of york should depart at his own will. ¶ About this time began great division in Spruce between the great master and the knights of the Dutch order which were lords of that country. For the comunes and tounes rebelled against the lords and made so great were that at the last they called the king of Pole to be their lord the which king come and wos worshipfully received and laid siege to the castle of Marienburgh which was the chief castle of strength of all the land. & won it and drofe out the master of dansk & all other places of that land And so they that had been lords money years lost all thirseygnorie and possessions in though landis. ¶ And the year of the Incarnation of our lord M. cccc: liij. on sent Edwardis day the queen Margaret wos delivered of a fair prince which wos named Edward That same day Iohn Norman wos chosin for to be mayor of london. And the day that he should take his oath at westmynsire he went thither by water with all the crafts: where afore time the mayor aldermen and the crafts road on horsbake which wos never used after. For sen that tyme. they have gone ever by water in barges ¶ Ye have well understand before how that contrari to the promiss of the king and also the ꝯclusions taken between the king & the duke of york at brentheth the duke of Somerset went not to ward. but abode about the king and had great rule. and anon after he wos made capitain of calais. & ruled the king & his ream as he would. wherefore the great lords of the ream & also the comunes were not pleased For which cause the duke of york the earl of warwick & the earl of salisburi with money knights and squires and much pepull come for to remove the said duke of somerset & other fro the king ¶ And the king hearing of their coming thought by his council for to have gone westward and not for to have met with them & had with him the duke of somersault the duke of Bokyngham the earl of stafford the earl of Northumberland the lord Clifford & money othir ¶ And what time that the duke of york & his feliship understood that the king wos departed with thes lords from london. Anon he changed his way and cost the country & come to sent Albonies the twenty-three day of May: & there met with the king. to whom the king sent certain lords & desired them to keep the peace and depart. but in conclusion whiles they treated on that on side· the earl of warwick with the march men & oder entered the town on that oder: side & fought against the king and his party. and so began the battle & fight which endurid a great wile. but in conclusion the duke of york obtened & had the victory of that journey. ¶ In which wos slain the duke of somersault the earl of Northumberland the lord Clifoord & money knights & squires & money more hurt. ¶ And on the morn after they brought the king in great estate to london. which was logged in the bishops palace of london. ¶ And anon after wos a gretꝑlament. In which parliament the duke of york wos made protector of Englond. & the earl of werwike Capitoyn of Calais & the earl of Salisberi Chancelar of england. And all such parsons as had the rule before about the king were set a part & might not rule as they did before ¶ And this same year died pope Nicholas the v. and after him was Calixte the third. This calixt wos a catalane and thacts of him shall be showed soon after ¶ In this same year fell a great affray in London against the Lombard's. The cause began because a young man took a dagger from a lumbard and broke it. wherefore the young man on thee morn wos sent fore: to come before the mayre and the aldermen. and there for the offence he wos committed to ward. ¶ And then the mayor departed from the gyldhall for to go home unto his dinner. but in the Cheap the young men of the mercery for the most part prentices: held the mayor and sheriffs still in chape and would not suffer them to departed unto the time that their fellow which wos committed to ward were delivered. and so by force they rescued their fellow from prison. and that done the mayor and sheriffs departed & the prisoner delivered. which if he had been put to prison had be in iupardie of his life ¶ And than began a romur in the cite against the lumbardis and the same evening the handcraftimen of the town arose and ran to the lumbardis houses and despoiled & rob diverse of them. wherefore the mayor and aldermen come with the honest pepull of the cite & drofe them thence and sent sum of them that had stolen to newgate ¶ And the young man that wos rescued by his fellows saw this great romur afray and roborie enshewed of his frist moving to the lumbard. departed and went to westmynstre to sentory. or else it had cost him his life. For anon after come down an Oeyr determine for to do justice on all them that so rebelled in the cite ayens the Lumbardis. on which sat with the mayor that time willm Marrow. the duke of Bakyngham and money othir lords for to see execution done. ¶ But the comunes of the cite secretly made them ready and did arm them in their houses: & were inpurposed for to have rongyn the common bell: which is called bow bell. but they were let by sad men. which come to the knowledge of the duke of Bokyngham and other lords. and incontinente they arose for they durst nolanger abide. For they doutid that the hole cite should have arisen against them. ¶ But yet nevertheless two or iij. of the cite were jugged to death for this robborie. & were hanged at Tyburn ¶ Anon after the king & the queen and other lords road unto coventry and withdrew them from london for thighs cause. & a little before the duke of york wos sent fore to Grenwich & theridamas wos discharged of the ꝓtectourship. And my lord of Salisberi of his Chancelarship. & after this they were sent fore by prive seal for to cum unto coventry. where they were almost deceived & the earl of werwike also. and should have been destroyed if they had not sayne well to. ¶ How the lord Egremond was taken by the earl of Salisberi sons. and of the robbing of Sandwich. THis year were take iiij. great fishes between Eereth and london. that on wos called mors marine. the second was a sword fish. and the other twain were whales. ¶ In this same year for certan affrayes done in the northcuntre between the lord Egremond and the Earl of Salisburi sons. the said lord Egremond whom they had take was condemned in a great soum of monay to the said Earl of salisburi. and therefore comittid in to prison in newgate in london. where when he had be a certain space he broke thee prisun and iij. prisoners with him. and ascapid and went his way. ¶ Also this year thee Earl of werwik and his wife went to Calais with a fair feliship and took possession of his office. ¶ About this time was a great reformation of money monasteries of religion in diverse parties of the world: which were reformid after the frist institution. & continued in money places. ¶ This same year wos a great battle in the marches between the land of Hungry and the Turkey at a place called septedrad. where innumerabull Turquis were slain more by miracle than by man's hand. For only the hand of god smote them. sent Iohn of capistrane wos there present and provoked the cristyn pepull being then afeard after to porsue the Turquis. where an infinite multitude were slain and destroyed. And the Turquis said that a great number of armed men followed them. that they were afeard to turn again. and they were holy angels. ¶ This same year the prisoners of newgate in london broke their prison & went up on the leediss & fought against them of the cite & keeped the gate a long while. but at the last the town got the prison on them. & than they were put in fetrris & Irons & were sore punished mensamof other ¶ In this year also there wos a great earthquake in Naples in so much that there perished xl· thousand pepull that sank there in to the earth: ¶ Item in the year xxxvi. sent Osmond sum time bishop of Salisberi wos canonized at Reme by pope Caliste: And the xvi. day of evil he was translated at Salisbery by the bishop of Cantorburie and money othir bishops. ¶ And in August after sir Pers de Bresay seneschal of Normandi with the capitain of Deep and money other captains and men of were went to the see with a great navy. and come in to the Downs by night. & on the morn early before day they londid and come unto Sandwich both by land and water. and token the town and Rifled and despoiled it. and took money prisoners: And left the town all bare. which wos a rich place and much good therein. And lad with them money rich prisoners ¶ In this same year in money places of france almain flaundris Holland and Zealand Children gadrid them together by great companies for to go on pilgrimage to scent Mihele mount in Normandy which come from fer countries. whereof the pepull maruellid and money supposed that sum wickid spret moved them to do so. but it endurid not long be cause of the long way and also for lake of victual as they went. ¶ In this year Rainold peacock bishop of Cheiester wos fonden an heretic. & the iij. day of December was abiurid at Lambheth in the presence of the archbishop of cantorbery and money othir bishops & doctors and lords temporal And his books brint at Paul's cross. Ye have hard before how certain lords were slain at sent albons. wherefore wos always a grudge and wrath had by theyres of them that were so slain against the duke of york the earls of warwick and of salisberi. wherefore the king by thavy of his council sent for them unto london: to which place the duke of york come the xxvi. day of january with. cccc men & logged at baynard's castle in his own place. ¶ And the xv. day of january come the earl of salisburi with v hundred men and was logged in ther●● his own place ¶ And then come the dukes of Excestre and of somersault with viij. hundreth men & lay without temple bar ¶ And the earl of northumbarland the lord Egremond and the lord Clifford with xv. hundreth men and logged without ton ¶ And the mayor that time Geoffrey Boleyn kept great watch with the comunes of the cite and road about the cite by holborne and flet street with a v thousand men well arrayed and armed for to keep the peace. ¶ And thee xiv. day of Feverer the earl of warwick come to london from Calais well be seen and worshipfully with vi. hundreth men in read iakkettis brodderd with a ragged n1 behind & before. & was logged at grafreris ¶ And the xvij. day of march thee king come to london and the queen. and there wos a concord & a peace made amongs thes lords. and they were set in peace. ¶ And on our lady day the xv. day of March in the year of our lord a: M. cccc. & lviij: the king & the queen and all thes lords went precessionn at Paul'S in london & anon after the king & the lords departed. ¶ And in this year was a great affray in fleetstreet between men of court and men of the same street. In which affray the queens attorney wos slain. ¶ How the kings housold made afray against the earl of warwike & of the journey at bloreheth. ALso this same year as th'earl of warwike wos at council at westmynstre All the kings household meinie gathered them together for to have slain the said Earl. but by the help of god and his friends he recovered his barge & escapped their evil enterprise. How well the Cokis come runnyg out with spittis' & pestles against him· And the same day he road toward warwike and soon after he got him a commission and wenten over the see to Calais. ¶ soon after this the earl of Salisberi coming to london wos encountered at Blureheth with the lord Awdeley and much other pepull ordained for to destroy him. but he having knawlech that he should be met with. was accomponied with his two sons sir Thomas and sir Iohn Nevil and a great feliship of good men. ¶ And so they fought to gedres. where th'earl of Salisberi when the field: and the lord Awdeley wos slain and money gentlemen of cheshire and much pepull hurt. and th'earls two sons were hurt and going homeward afterward they were taken and had to chester by the quemes meinie. ¶ After Calixt Pius was pope and was chosin this year a M. cccc. & lviij. And he wos called be fore Aeneas an eloquent man and a poet laureate: He was ambassador of the emperors a fore time And he wrote in the council of basilie a nobull traittie for the authority of the same. ¶ Also he canonized sent Katherine of senys. This pope ordained great indulgens and pardon to them that would go and were against the turk. & wrote an epistle to the great turk. exorting him to becum cristyn. & in the end he ordained a passage against thee Turk at Ankone. to which much pepull drew out of all parties of cristyndom. of which pepull he sent money home again because they sufficed not. & anon after he died at the said place of Ankone the year of our lord a. M. cccc.lxiiij. the xiv. day of august: ¶ How Andrew Trollop & the soldiers of calais forsook the duke of york & their master th'earl of warwick in the west country THe duke of york the earls of warwike and of Salisbiri saw the governance of the ream stood most by the queen & her council. & how the great princes of the land were not called to council but set a part. & not only so but it wos said through the ream that though said lords should be destroyed utterly as it openli was showed at Bloreheth by them that would have slain the earl of salisberi. ¶ Than they for salvation of their lives. and also for the common well of the ream thought for to remedy thes things assembled them to gedre with much pepull and took a field in thee west country. to which the earl of warwike come from calais with money of thold soudgers. as Andrew trowlop & other. in whose wisdom as for the were he much trusted. ¶ And when they weren thus assembled and made there field The king sent out his comissions and prive seals unto all the lords of his ream to come & await on him in their most best defensable array. and so every man come in such wise that the king wos stronger and had much more pepull than the duke of york & the earls of warwick and salisberi. For it is here to be noted that every lord in england at this time durst not disobey the queen: for she ruled peaceably all that was done about the king which wos a good simple and an Innocent man ¶ And than when the king was comen to the place where as they were. the duke of york & his feliship had made their field in the strongest wise▪ and had purposed verily to have biden and have fought. but in the night Andrew Trollop & all the old soldiers of Calais with a great feliship suddenly departed out of the dukes host & went straightly unto the kings field there they were received joyously for they knew th'intent of the other lords & also the manner of their fields ¶ And than the duke of york with the othir lords seeing them deceived. took a council shortly in that same night & departed from thee field leaving behind them the most parti of their pepull to keep the field till on thee morn ¶ Then the duke of york with his second son departid through wales toward Irland leaving his eldest son the Earl of the march with the earls of warwick & of Salusberi. which road together with iij. or iiij. ꝑsons' straightly in to Devenshire: & there by help and aid of on Denham a squire which gate for them a ship which cost cc.xx nobles & with thee same ship sailed from thence in to garnesey. And there refreshed them and from thence sailed to Calais. where they were received in to the castle by the postrens. or they of the town witted of it And the duke of york took shipping in walis and sailed over in to Irland where he wos well resayved. ¶ How th'earls of march warwik & salisberi entered in to Calais. & how th'earl of warwick went in to Irland THen king Henri being with his host in the field not knowing of this sudden departing on the morn fond none in the field of the said lords: sent out in all the hast men for to follow & pursue after to take them. but they met not with them as god would and then the king went to Ludlowe & despoiled the castle and the town. and sent the duchess of york with her child to my lady of Bokyngham her sustre· where she wos keeped long time after. ¶ And forthwith the king ordained the duke of somerset to be capitain of Calais. And thes other lords so departed as afore is said were ꝓclamid rebellis & great traitors ¶ Then thee duke of Somerset ●oke to him all the soldiers that departed from the field and made him ready in all the hast to go to calais & take pocession of his office. & when he come he fond th'earl of warwike therein as Captain. & th'earls of march & of Salisberi also. & than he landid by scales & went to Guisnes: & there he wos received & it fortoned that sum of though sh̄ippis that come over with him come in to calais haven by their fire will. for the shipmen ought more favour to th'earl of warwike than to the duke of somersault. in which sh̄ippis were takin diverse men as jenyn finkhill Iohn fellow. Kailles and purser: which were behedid soon after in Calais· ¶ And after this come men daily over the see to thighs lords to calais. and began to wax stronger & stronger. And they borrowed much good of the staple. ¶ And on that other side the duke of somerset being in Guysnes got pepull to him. which come out and scarmusshed with them of Calais and they of Calais with them which endurid money days. During thus this same scarmusshing much pepull daily come over unto thes lords. ¶ Than on a time by the advice of counsel the lords at Calais sent over master Denham with a great feliship to sandwich. which took the town & therein the lord Riveris & the lord Scalis his son & took moni ships in the haven. & brought them all to Calais. with which ships mony marinere of their fire will come to calais to serve the earl of warwike. ¶ And after this the earl of werwike by thavy of the lords took all his ships & manned them well & sailed himself in to Irland for to speak with the duke of york. & to take his advice how they should enter in to england again ¶ And when he had be there & done his erandis he returned again toward Calais and brought with him his mother the countess of salisberi. ¶ And coming in the west country upon the se the duke of Excestre amirell of england being in the grace of Due accompanied with money ships of were. met with th'earl of warwick and his fleet. but they fought not. for the substance of the pepull being with the duke of Excestre ought bettir will & more favour to the earl of warwike than to him. and they departed & come to calais in safety blessed be god ¶ Then the kings council seeing that thes lords ●ad getin those ships from sandwich & take the lord Rivers & his son·s ordained a garnison at sandwich to abide and keep the town & made on Mountford capitain of the town. & that no man ne victual ne marchand that should go in to flanders should go in to Calais. ¶ Then they of calais seeing this. made out master Denhan & money other to go to sandwich. & so they did and assailed the town by water & by land & got it & brought Mountford there capitain over see to Rysebanke & there smoti of his heed. & yet daily men come over to them out of all parties of england. ¶ How the earls of march and of warwike & of salisberi entered in to england. And of the field of Northampton where diverse lords were slain. ANd after this the foresaid earls of March warwik and of Salisberi come over to Dover with much pepull and their landid▪ to whom all the country drew and come to London armed ¶ And for to let the lords of the kings council know their truth and also their intent: assembled them & told them that they entendit no harm unto the kings parson. safe that they would put from him such persons as were about him. And so departed from london with a great puissance toward Northampton. where the king was accompanied with money lords and had made a strong field with out the town. and there both parties met and wos fought a great battle: In which battle were slain the duke of Bokyngham & the earl of Shrowesberi the viscount Beamond. the lord Egremond and money knights and squires & other also. and the king himself wos taken in the field and afterward brought to london· ¶ And anon after wos a parliament at westmynstre during which parliament the duke of york come out of Irland with the earl of Rutland riding with a great feliship in to the palace at westmynstre and took the kings palace. And come in to the parliament chambre & there took the kings place. and claimed the crowned as his proper inheritance and right. and cast forth in writing his title & also how he wos rightful heir. wherefore was much to do. but in conclusion it was appointed and concludid that king henri should regne and be king during his natural life. For as much as he had be king so long and wos possessed. and after his death the duke of york should be king and his heirs kings after him And forthwith should be ꝓclamed heir apparaunt· and should also be protector and regent of england during the kings life. with money other thyngiss ordained in the same parliament and if king Henri during his life went from this oppoynttement or any article concludid in the said parliament. he should be deposed. and the duke should take the crown and be king all which things were enacted by the authority of the said parliament at which parlamennt the comunes of the ream being assembled in the common house commoning and treating upon the title of the said duke of york sodenli fell down the crown: which hung then in the mids of the said house which is the frayter of the abbey of westmynstre. which was taken for a ꝓdige or token that the reign of king Henri was ended. And also the crown which stood on the highest tour of the stepull in the castle of Dover fell down this same year. ¶ How the noble duke of york wos slain and of the field of wakefeld and of the second journey at scent Albon by the queen and the prince: THen for as much as the queen with the prince her son was in the Northcuntre and absent her from the king and would not obey such things as wos concludid in the parliament. it was ordained that the duke of York as protector should go Northward for to bring in the queen & subdue such as would not obey with whom went the earl of Salisberi sir Thomas Nevil his son with moche pepull· And at wakefeld in Cristemasse week they were all overthrown and slain by the lords of the quenis party that is to wit the Duke of york wos slain. the earl of Rutland sir Thomas Nevil and money more. and th'earl of salisburi was take & other as Iohn harow of London Captain and rewlar of the foot men. and hanson of hull. which were brought to pounfret and there after behedid and there hedis senten to york & set upon the yatis. ¶ And thus wos that nobull prince slain the duke of york. on whose soul and all cristyn soul's god have mercy. And this time th'earl of march being in shrowsberi hearing the death of his father desired assistance & aid of the town to avenge his faders death ¶ And from thence went to wales. where at Candilmase after he had a battle at mortimers cross against th'earls of Penbroke and of wylshire. where th'earl of march had the victory. Then the queen with though lords of the north after they had distressed and slain thee Duke of Yo●ke and his feliship come southward with a great multitude and puissance of pepull. for to come to the king and defeat such conclusions as had been taken before by the parliament. against whose coming. the duke of Norfolk the Earl of warwick with much papull and ordinance went to sent Albon and sad king Henri with them And there encountered to gether in such wise and fought: so that the duke of Norfolk and the Earl of warwyke with money other of their party fled and lost the journey. where that king Henri was taken and with the queen and with the prince Edward his son. who two had gotten that field ¶ Then the queen and her pertie being at there above sent anon to london who wos on askiswedineday the first day of Lente for victual: for who the mayre ordained by thavy of the Aldermen that certain cartis laden with victual should be sent to saint Albon unto them. ¶ And when that though cartis come to Crepylgate: the comunes of the cite that keeped that gate token the vitaillis from the cartis and would not suffer it to pass. ¶ Then were th●● certain Aldermen and commoners appointed to go unto Barnet for to speak with the queens counsel. for to entreyt that the Northerin men should be sent home in to their country again. For the cite of London dread sore to be rob and despoiled if they had comen ¶ And thus during this trayte tidings comen that the Earl of Warwick had met with thee Earl of the March on Cottyswold coming out of walis with a great meinie of welshmen. And that they both were coming unto londonward. ¶ Anon as thes tidings were known. th● tray●te was broken. for the king queen prince and all thee othir lords that weren with them departed from saint Albon's northward with all the● pepull. Yet or they departed from thence they hedid the lord bonuyle & sir Thomas Kiriell which were taken in the journey done on shroftewisday. ¶ Then the duchis of york being at london hearing of the loss of the field at s●nt albonis sent over see her two young sons George & Richard which went to utrecht ¶ And Ph●lip malpas a rich merchant of london Thomas vaughan squire master willm hatteclif & money othir. fearing of the coming of the queen to london took a ship of andwarp for to have gone in to Zeland· and on that other coost were taken of on Colompne a franshman a ship of were. & he took them prisoners & brought them in to france where they paid great good for their ransum: & there wos much good & riches in that ship. ¶ Of the deposiotion of king Henri the sixth. and how king Edward the fourth took possession: And of the battle on palmeson●ay & how he wos crowned THen when the earl of March and the Earl of warwike had met to gedres on Cotiswold. in continente they conclude for to go unto london: And sent word anon unto the mayor & to the cite that they should come. and anane the cite was glad of their coming hoping to be relieved by them ¶ And so they comen to london. & when they were common & had spokin with the lords & estates them being there concludid for as much as king Henri was gone with them norward that he had forfeited his crown & aught for to be deposed according unto the acts made and passed in the last parliament ¶ And so by thavy of the lords spiritual and temporal then being at london the earl of the march Edward by thee grace of god oldest sun of Richard duke of york as rightful heir & next inheritor to his father. the iiij. day of march the yet of our lord. M. cccc: lix. took possession of the ream of england at westminster in the great hall & after in the church of the abbey & offered as king with the sceptre royal: to whom all the lords both spiritual & tenꝑall did homage & obeisance as to there sovereign liege lord and king And forthwith it wos ꝓclamid through the cite king Edward the fourth of that name And anon after the king rood in his rii●ll estate northward with all his lords to subdue his subiectis that time being in the north & to avenge his fathers death. ¶ And on Palm sunday after he had a great battle in the northcuntre at a place called Towton not far from york. where with the help of god he got thee field and had the victory where were slain of his adversaries thirty. thousand men and more as it wos said by them that were ther. ¶ In which battle wos slain the Earl of Northumberland. the lord Clifford. sir Iohn Nevil the earl of westmerlandis brother. Andrew Trollop● & money knights & squires. ¶ Then king Henri that had been king being with the queen & the prince at york hearing the loss of that field and so much people slain & overthrown anon forthwith departed all three with the duke of sumerset the lord Roos & other toward Scotland. ¶ And thee next day king Edward with all his army entered in to york. & wos there proclaimed king & obeyed as he ought to be. And the mair aldermen and comuns sworen to be his league men And when he had tarried a while in the north. & that all the northcuntre had turned to him he returned southward. leaving behind him th'earl of warwike in though parties for to keep & govern that country ¶ And about midsummer after thee year of our lord. M. cccc.lx: and thee frist year of his reign he wos crowned at westmynstre & anointed king of Englond having possession of all thee ream. CAlixtus thee third wos Pope after Nicholas iij. year & v. monethis This Calixt was an hold man when he was chosen pope· and wos continually seek. ne he might not fulfil his desire the which he entendit to do against the misbeleving Turquis for death come upon him. And he wos chosin in the year of our lord a. M. cccc.lv. and he died the sixth day in the which he made the fyguration. and also he canonized saint vincent a frere preacher ¶ And there wos a great reformation of many monasteries in diverse parties of the world. And these reformations were made money times. but almost none abode but they returned again as they were afore. by succession of time after the death of thee worshipful fathers▪ ¶ The fest of the transfiguration wos ordained of Calixt for the yeft of grace of the meruelus victory done against the turk in hungary on sent Sextis day. M. cccc.lvij for theridamas was a marvelous victory yeven to the cristyn men in hungri against the great turk. & there he lost money a man and fled shamefully for dread of enemies and no man followed them: but alone the hand of god ferid the turk and his host on sent Calixtis' day sent johan de Capestrano was there sayne present· And he ꝓuokid thee pepull that were afeard to follow those misbeleving Turks. and there was a grot vengeauns on them for the Turquis said that there wos so great a number of knights that foloed them that un nethis they durst look backwardly: And therefore they fled and leften all their treasure behind them. and they were holy angels that caused them to i'll. Nota. Printeries of books were this time mightily multeplied in maguncie & through out the world. and they began frist and there held the crafts. And this time money men began for to be more sotell in crafts and suyfter then ever they were afore PIus the second was pope after Calixt vi. year This Pius wos chosin in the yer of our lord M.iiij. hondrith & lviij & he was called Aeneas an eloquent man & a great oretor a laurittit poet: & afore he wos the Emperor ambassador. and in the counsel of Basilien he wrote a nobull tretis for thee authority of thee same. This man desired to have a passage to thee Turk: And money of all manner contres come to Rome & he give them his blessing and sent them hom again for they were not sufficient for the Turquis host: & anon after he deceased PAulus a venicion was pope after Pius seven year. This Paul wos chosin in the year of our lord Ihu christ a. M iiij hundreth and lxiiij And anon he aloyed the fest of the presentaciau of our Lady as Pius did. This man wos a taught man in rightwiseness and he said it wos better for to make few things and keep them stedfastli than for to make money & soon revoke them. And he made a great palace at sent Marks and he decessed or that he had ended it. In the year of our lord Ihesu christ. M.iiijC.lxxi. ¶ Leodium the land of luke wos appressid with money tribulations. and after in the year of our lord Jesus christ a thousand iiij. hundreth and lxviij. utterly it wos destroyed. by caro lum the duke of Burgoyn. the which wedded Dame Margaret sister to king Edward the myghti the fourth of england. ¶ Also the same duke Karolus entered in the land of Geldyr. & conquered it holy. ¶ The year of grace also wos changed by pope Paul for favour of man's soul from xxv year unto xxv. And because that cursedness haboundid so sore: grace haboundid also sore. SIxtus the iiij. a Ianuens and a frere minore was Pope after Paul. and is yet at the making of this book. This man wos general in the order of thee frere Minoris or he was Cardinale. And he wos chosin in the year of our lord god a ·M. iiij. hundreth lxxi. And wos called afore Fraunciscus de sanona of good fame and virtues. he wos chosin Cardinal without his knaulech till he wos made. and the same year that he wos chosen pope. the turk had taken from christian men ij. Empiris and iiij. kingdoms twenty ꝓuyncis & tow. hundreth cites·s and had destroyed men and women with out number. And that moved the pope that he should dispose him to go to withstood him and for an army to be made against the Turk. the pope gave great indulgens of pardon of the treasure of the church unto all the cristyn reams that he might ordain sum treasure to withstand that mysbylevabull turk. And in the land of England the worshipful father & doctor john th'abbot of habingdon was the popes legate to dispose this godly treasure: of the church to every faithful man that was disposed and that would habull him to resayve it. ¶ Here end the Croniclis of england with the fruit of timis Sanctus albanus.