A BOOK OF THE Continuation of Foreign Passages.  
That is, Of the Peace made between this Commonwealth, & that of the united Provinces of the Netherlands, with all the Articles of that Peace. Apr. 5. 1654.  
And the Articles of Peace, Friendship and Intercourse agreed between England and Sweden, in a Treaty at Vpsall. May 9 1654.  
As also The substance of the Articles of the Treaty of Peace betwixt England and France. Given at White Hall the 20 of Novemb: 1655.  
From General Blakes Fleet, The Turks in Argier do consent to deliver up all the English slaves, and desire a firm Peace for ever: And in Tunnis Road we battered their Castle of Porta-ferina, and set on fire their fleet in the Harbour. Apr. 9 1655.  
MOREOVER, An attempt on the Island of Jamaica, and taking the Town of St. Jago de la viga, beating the Enemy from their Forts and Ordnance, being a body of 3000 men, and so took possession of the Island, May 10 1655. With a full Description thereof.  
With a true Narrative of the late Success which it hath pleased God to give to some part of the Fleet of this Commonwealth, the Speaker, the Bridg-water, the Plymouth Frigates, against the King of Spain's West India Fleet: the value of what is taken and possessed by the calculation of the Spaniards about nine millions of pieces of eight, and 350 prisoners, and all this without the loss of one vessel of the English, 1656.  
He hath showed his people the power of his works, that he may give them the heritage of the Heathen,  Psal. 111.6. 
LONDON: Printed by M. S. for Thomas Jenner at the South entrance of the Royal Exchange. 1657.   

 two armies facing each other, with figures on horses bearing flags between them; in foreground, three figures on horses facing the viewer  
A PROCLAMATION of the Peace made between this Commonwealth, and that of the United Provinces of the Netherlands.  
HIS Highness the Lord Protector of the Commonwealth of England, Scotland, and Ireland, considering how necessary it is not only to preserve Peace and Quiet at home, but as far as in him lies, to live in Amity and Friendship with his Neighbours, hath by the blessing of God, with the advice of his Council made and concluded a Peace, Union, and Confederation to continue for ever, between this Commonwealth of the one part, and that of the United Provinces of the Low-Countries of the other part; their Lands, Countries, Cities, Towns, Dominions, Territories, Places and People, by Sea, Land, Fresh waters, and elsewhere; by the which Peace it is agreed, That all Enmity, Hostility, Discord and War between the said Commonwealths, their People and Subjects shall cease, and all injuries and wrongs whatsoever done since the 18 of May, 1652. shall cease and be forgotten, except such depredations as shall be committed by either side in these Seas after 12 days, from the date of these presents, and in all other places on this side the Cape of St. Vincent, after six weeks; and from thence, within the Mediterranean Sea, and to the Aequinoctial Line, after ten weeks; and beyond the Equinoctial Line, after the space of 8 Months, or immediately after sufficient notice of the said Peace given in those places. And that the people and Inhabitants of each party respectively, of what condition or quality soever they be, shall treat each other with love and friendship, and may freely and securely come into, and pass through each others Countries, Towns, Villages and Precincts, and there stay and abide, and from thence depart again at their pleasure, without any hindrance and molestation, and likewise trade and have eommerce, and generally do use, and exercise all other things (observing the Laws and Customs of each place respectively) as freely, fully and securely as they might have done in time of Peace: Whereof all persons whatsoever in these Nations of England, Scotland, and Ireland, are to take notice, and conform themselves accordingly.  
Given at White Hall this 26 of April, 1654. O. P.   

Articles of Peace, abreviated, April 5. 1654.  
I. IT is agreed, concluded, and accorded, that from this day forward there shall be a true, firm and inviolable Peace, betwixt the Commonwealth of England, and the State's General of the United Provinces of the Netherlands, and the respective Lands, Countries, and Cities, without distinction of places, under their obedience.  
II. That from henceforth all enmity, hostility, discord and War betwixt the said two Commonwealths, their People and Subjects, shall cease, by Sea, Land, and fresh-waters.  
III. All offences, injuries, charges, and damages, which either party hath sustained by the other, since the 18 (alias 28) of May, 1652. shall be taken away and forgotten. And all actions for the same shall be held and reputed void and null.  
iv All Prisoners of both sides, of what condition, or in whatsoever places they be, shall be set at liberty.  
V The two Commonwealths shall remain confederate friends, joined, and allied together for the defence and preservation of the Liberties and Freedom of each against all whomsoever, or be declared Enemies to the Freedom and Liberty of the people living under either of the said Governments.  
VI Neither of the Commonwealths shall make, do, act, treat of, or attempt any thing against the other, or the people of either, in any place either at Land or Sea, upon any occasion whatsoever. Nor that either of them, or the people of either, give, yield, or afford any aid, counsel, favour, or assent that any thing shall be done, treated of, or attempted by any other whomsoever, to the injury and wrong of the other, but shall expressly contradict, gainsay, oppose, and really hinder all whomsoever, that act, do, treat of, or attempt any thing against either of the Commonwealths.  
VII. Neither of the Commonwealths, or the people abiding, inhabiting, or dwelling within either of them respectively, shall yield, give, or afford any aid counsel or favour to the Enemies or Rebels of either, but shall expressly, really, and with effect hinder either of them from giving any aid or assistance, by Men Shipping, Arms, Ammunition, Money, Victuals, or otherwise by Sea or Land, and all such Ships or persons whatsoever, that shall be made use of, contrary to the intent of this Article, shall be forfeited to the respective Commonwealths, and the persons employed therein, declared Enemies to both Commonwealths, and suffer the penalties of Treason where the offence was committed. And to the end there may be a specification made of what Goods shall be deemed prohibit, or contraband, Commissioners may in convenient time be appointed to determine herein. Provided that this extend not to the impeachment of any thing contained in the present Article.  
VIII. The two Commonwealths shall truly and sincerely assist each other as need shall require, against the Rebels of either, at Sea and Land, at the costs and expenses of the party requiring the same, upon such conditions as the two States shall agree.  
IX. That neither of the Commonwealths shall receive any person or persons, that are Enemies to the other, nor afford any aid, counsel, lodging, etc. but shall expressly and effectually, oppose and hinder the same.  
X. That if either Commonwealth shall by their public Letters signify to the other, any persons to be, and have been their Enemies, that they reside, be hid, or shelter themselves in their Jurisdictions, that Commonwealth receiving such Letters, shall within 28 dayer charge such Enemy to departed their Jurisdidictions, and if they shall not departed within 15 days, to be punished with death, and loss of lands & goods.  
XI. No Rebel of the Commonwealth of England, shall by any be received into any place of the United Provinces: And if any person under their power, 〈◊〉 the contrary, such person shall forfeit and lose their Castles, Towns, which they shall at such time have or pretend to have. And no declared Enemy of the United Provinces shall be received into any places holden or possessed in England, but they shall hinder the same, and in case of contempt, forfeit the same.  
XII. Both Common wealths shall treat on both sides with all love and friendship, and come by water or land to each Havens, with freedom, and continue there as long as they please, and trade in any goods, paying Customs, saving always all and singular the Laws and Ordinances of either Commonwealth respectively.  
XIII. The Ships and Vessels of the United Provinces, meeting any the Ships of War of this Commonwealth in the British Seas, shall strike their Flag and lower their Topsail.  
XIV. Neither of the said Commonwealths shall receive into any of their Havens, or give affistance or relief unto any Pirates or Sea-Rovers, but shall cause them to be apprehended, all ships taken, shall be restored to the right owners, or made good to them.  
XV. That if either Commonwealth, shall hereafter make any Treaty with any other Nation, the one shall give notice to, and comprehend the other, if they desire it.  
XVI. If during the Amity, any thing shall be acted against this Treaty, it shall not be hereby interrupted, or broken off, only those particular persons who have offended, shall be punished, and satisfaction made to all persons concerned, after 12 month demanding thereof, in any part of Europe, within the straits of Gilbralter, in America, upon the Coasts of afric, or on this side the Cape of Good Hope, and beyond the said Cape within 18 months, and in case the offenders shall not submit themselves to Justice, they shall be declared Enemies to both Commonwealths, their Estates confiscate, and persons liable to such further punishments, as their offence shall deserve.  
XVII. The people of the Commonwealth of England, may freely, unmolested, and securely travel in and through the Countries of the United Provinces in Europe, in them, or beyond them, to follow their Traffic in all places there; as also their Factors or Servants, armed or unarmed; but if armed, not above 40 men in company. And the people the United Provinces of the Netherlands may enjoy the same liberty in the Commonwealth of England in Europe, they conforming to the Laws thereof.  
XVIII. If the Merchant Ships of one or the other side, shall through Tempest, Pirates, or any other necessity, be driven into the Ports of either, it shall be free for them to departed without payment of any Customs, or other duties; provided they break not bulk, or expose any thing to sale.  
XIX. The Merchants, Masters, Pilots, or Mariners, of either Commonwealth, their Ships or Merchandizes shall not be seized or arrested in the Lands, or Rivers of the other, for any warlike or other service, except upon inevitable necessity, and just satisfaction for the same; provided that hereby shall not be excluded the Arrests and Seizures in the ordinary way of Law of each Commonwealth.  
XX. The Merchants on both sides, and the Shipmasters, may by Sea and Land, carry all sorts of Arms for defence and offence; but being come to their Inns, shall lay down their Arms, and so leave them till they return on board again.  
XXI. The Men of War of either Commonwealth, meeting or overtaking any Merchant's Ship belonging to the other, or holding both one course, shall take them under their protection, and defend them against all attempts.  
XXII. If a Ship of either Commonwealth, or a Newrer, shall be taken in the Havens of either by any third party; they, in or from whose Haven the said Ships shall be taken, shall endeavour the re-taking of the said Ship, at the charge of the proprietors.  
XXIII. That Searchers on both parts, shall regulate themselves according to the Laws of each Com: and not levy or take more they are allowed.  
XXIV. In case wrong be done, against any the Articles of this Treaty, no Letters of Reprisal, Mark or Countermark shall be granted, till first Justice be sought, and in case Justice be refused or delayed, and no satisfaction made within 3 months, than Letters of Reprisal, etc. may be granted.  
XXV. All persons going to Sea, having particular Commissions, shall put in security to do no wrong to either side.  
XXVI. Free access shall be granted to each others Ports, with Merchant's Ships, and Men of war, so they exceed not the number of 8 Ships of War, nor stay longer then for the reparation of their Ships; and if any greater number, than it is not lawful to make entrance without first obtaining leave from the Governor, and make no longer stay than he shall permit, and during their stay shall commit no hostile act, or do any thing to the prejudice of the said Ports.  
XXVII. The Lords of the United Provinces shall take care that Justice be done on the Authors of the Murder of the English in Amboyna.  
XXVIII. Whereas certain English Ships and Goods have been seized and detained within the Dominions of the King of Denmark, since May 18. 1652. the States General have obliged themselves, That restitution shall be made of all the English Ships and Goods detained yet in specie; together with the true and just price of such as are sold, embezzled, or otherwise disposed of, within 14 days after the arrival of the Merchants for the receiving of them. And also that Damages be given for the losses sustained by the English, by reason of the said detention, according to what shall be arbitrated by Edw: Winslow, James Russel, John Beex, Wil: Ʋander Cruyssen, on the part of the Lord Protector, and the State's General, to examine the demands of the Merchants; and to meet at Goldsmith's Hall, London, June 27. and make Oath before the Judges of the High Court of Admiralty, that they will proceed without respect to any particular interest whatsoever. And the 1 of Aug: next, unless they agree upon Sentence sooner, be shut up in a Chamber by themselves without fire, candle, meat, drink, etc. till such time as they come to an agreement, and the award shall be Obligatory to both parties. And the State's General do firmly Oblige themselves to perform the same, to pay such sum of money here at London, as the said Arbitrators shall a judge to be paid for the use of the said Owners, as the L: Protector shall nominate within 25 days after the adjudication made, and the States Gen: shall pay at London the sum of 5000 l. star. towards the Charges of the Merchants, Masters, or their Assigns, for their Journey to Denmark, and the sum of 20000 Rix Dollars, to such persons as his Highness shall appoint, within 6 days after their arrival there. Which said sums shall be accounted in part of payment of such sum, as shall be so awarded. And that security shall be given by sufficient men living in London, binding themselves in 140000 l. sterl. that restitution shall be made according to the premises: and that the 20000 Rix Dollars shall on their part be duly performed. And if all the Conditions be not really performed, than the said sum of 140000 l. sterl. shall be paid to such persons as his Highness shall nominate, that the Merchant's losses may be satisfied.  
XXIX. The States Gen: have undertaken the restitution of the Ships and Goods, and the same being performed, all questions, strifes, and wrongs between the said Commonwealth and King shall cease and be for ever forgotten, and shall be as a friend comprehended and included in this Treaty & Confederation.  
XXX. That at the time of the delivery of the Instruments of Ratification, four Commissioners shall be nominated on both sides to meet here at London, May 18. to examine and determine all the losses and injuries which either side alleges to have sustained from the other since the year 1611. unto May 18. 1652. as well in the East-Indies, as in Greenland, Muscovy, Brasil, or any other place. And if the said Commissioners shall not within 3 months come to an agreement, the differences shall be submmitted to the judgement and arbitration of the Protestant Cantons of Switzerland, who by an Instrument for this purpose, shall be desired-to take upon them that Arbitration, and appoint like Commissioners empowered and instructed to give final judgement thereupon within 6 months after the expiration of the 3 months; and whatsoever the major part of them shall award, shall oblige both parties, and be performed accordingly.  
XXXI. It is agreed, That both parties shall well and truly perform, and cause to be performed, this present Treaty.  
XXXII. The State's General do by these presents, firmly oblige themselves, that all and sigular whom, shall at any time elect, constitute, or appoint, Capt. Gen. Stadtholder, Commander of their Army, or Admiral of any of their Fleets, shall confirm by Oath this Treaty, all the things therein contained, and shall promise to perform and keep the same.  
XXXIII. Lastly, it is agreed that the present Treaty shall within 15 days next, be confirmed and ratified in due and authentic form, by the said L: Protector, and the said States Gen: of the United Provinces, by their Letters, Patents under their Great Seals, and that Instruments of Ratification shall be delivered interchangeably, within the time aforesaid. And furthermore that this Treaty and Consederation shall immediately after delivery of the Instruments, be published, according to the usual solemnity, and in the places accustomed; and that all Acts of Hostility shall cease on both sides from that time.   

Articles of Peace, Friendship and Intercourse concluded and agreed between England and Sweden. May 9 1654.   portrait of man with mustache, short curly hair, no beard, high neck ruff, and armor (?) 
II. The said Confederates their People, Subjects and Inhabitants shall, as opportunity is offered, take care of, and promote the welfare each of other. And shall advertise each other, upon knowledge thereof, of all imminent dangers, plots, and conspiracies of Enemies against the other; and, as much as in them lies, oppose, and hinder the same. Neither shall the one Confederate, either by himself, or any else, treat of, act, or attempt any thing to the prejudice and disadvantage of the other, his Lands or Dominions, in whatsoever place, whether at Sea or Land; nor shall any way assist the Rebels or Enemies of the other, to the damage of the Confederate, nor receive, or entertain within his Dominions, any Rebel or Traitor, who shall attempt any thing against the others State, much less afford them any Council, help or favour, or permit it to be done by any of his Subjects, People and Inhabitants.  
III. The said Protector and Commonwealth, and the said Queen & Kingdom shall take diligent care, That, as much as in them lies, all impediments and obstacles be removed, which have hitherto interrupted the freedom of Navigation and Commerce, as well between both Nations, as with other People and Countries within the Dominions, Lands, Seas and Rivers of either. And shall sincerely endeavour to assert maintain, defend and promote the aforesaid Liberty of Navigation and Commerce against all the Disturbers thereof, by such ways and means, as either in this present Treaty, or hereafter shall be agreed upon. Neither shall they suffer, that either by themselves, their Subjects and People, or through their default, any thing be done or committed contrary hereunto.  
iv That either of the aforesaid Confederates their People and Subjects, may without any safe conduct, licence, general or special freely and securely go and enter by Land or Sea, in and to the Kingdoms, Countries, Provinces, Lands, Islands, Cities, Villages, Towns, whether walled or unwalled, fortified, or otherwise, Havens and whatsoever Dominions of the other, and there stay and from thence return or pass through; and in the same places, upon just prices to procure, and have provision of Victuals, for their use and sustenance and to be used with all friendly Offices. And that either Confederate, their People and subjects may trade and have commerce in all places where commerce hath hitherto been exercised, in what Goods and Merchandises they please, and may freely import and export the same, paying the Customs which are due, and conforming themselves to the Laws and Ordinances of the said Commonwealth and Kingdom, whether the same respect Trade or any other right; which presupposed, the People, subjects and inhabitants of both Confederates, shall have and enjoy in each others Kingdoms, Countries, Lands and Dominions, as large and ample privileges, Relaxations, Liberties and immunities, as any other Foreiner at present doth, or hereafter shall enjoy there.  
V. No Merchants, Captains, and Masters of Ships, Mariners, nor any other Persons, Ships, Goods, or Merchandise belonging to either Confederate shall upon any public, or private account, by virtue of any Edict General or special, within any the Lands, Havens, Sea roads, Coasts, or Dominions of the other, for any public service, or expedition of war, or any other cause, much less for any private use, be seized, embargued, arrested, forced by violence, or be any way molested or injured, provided only such arrests as are conformable to justice and equity be not hereby prohibited, so be it they are made according to the ordinary course of Law, and not granted upon private affection, or partiality, but are requisite for the administration of right and justice.  
VI In case any of the Ships of either Confederate, whether of War or Merchants, belonging to the subjects & People of either, be by occasion of Tempests, pursuit of Pirates and Enemies, or any other urgent necessity constrained to put into each others Havens, Roads or shores, they shall be received there with all kindness and humanity, and enjoy all friendly protection, and be permitted to refresh themselves and procure at a reasonable price, all things needful for their sustenance, reparation, or use. Neither shall they be hindered from going out of the said Ports or Roads, at their pleasure, without paying any customs or duties. Provided they do nothing contrary to the Laws Ordinances and Customs of the place, which the said Ships shall enter into or abide in.  
VII. In like manner, if any Ship or Ships whether public or private, belonging to either Confederate, their People and Subjects, shall within any the Coasts or Dominions of the other, stick upon the sands, or be forced to lighten their burden, or be wracked, or suffer any damage, all friendly help and relief shall be given them upon a competent reward. And whatever shall be remaining of the goods thrown overboard or after shipwreck, or any other damage sustained, shall be kept in safe custody, and restored to the Owner, or whom the said Owner shall appoint.  
VIII. In case the People and Subjects on either part, whether they be Merchants, Factors, or Servants, Masters of Ships, Mariners, or such others, who travel and inhabit within the Dominions of the other, or those who act on their behalf before any Court of Judicature, for recovery of their Debts, or for other lawful occasions, shall stand in need of the Magistrates help, the same shall be readily, and according to the equity of their Cause, in friendly manner granted them, and Justice shall be administered to them without long and unnecessary Delays. Neither shall they be any way molested upon any pretence in the Dispatch of their Affairs, in their Journeying, Bargaining, and Receiving the Price of their Commodities, but that all Love and Friendship be extended towards them. And it shall be free for them on both sides, in their passage to and again, in each others Coasts, Ships, Havens, and Public Places, to wear about them Arms for their proper defence, so be it they give no just suspicion to the Governor or Magistrate of the place, of any design against the public or private peace. But he especially who behaves and demeans himself soberly and inoffensively, shall be protected from all injury, violence & molestation.  
IX. The said Confederates, and all and singular their People and Subjects, may buy and export out of all the Countries, Dominions and Kingdoms of the other, all kind of Armour and Provision of War, and may safely and freely put in with their Ships, and arrive at each others Ports, Havens and Shores, and there stay, and thence departed, they carrying themselves peaceably, and conformably to the Laws and Customs of the respective places, and not disturbing the freedom of commerce therein. In like manner the Ships of War shall have free access to the Ports of either, there to stay, and come to anchor, but not in such numbers as shall occasion manifest suspicion, without the leave and consent of that Confederate first obtained, to whom the Port belongs, unless compelled thereto by tempest, force, or danger of the Sea, in which case they shall signify to the Governor, or chief Magistrate of the Place, the cause of their Arrival, and shall continue there no longer than the said Governor shall permit. Observing always the Laws aforesaid, and such as shall hereafter be agreed upon.  
X. The Subjects and Inhabitants of the Queen and Kingdom of Sweden, may safely and freely travel in England, Scotland and Ireland, and the Dominions thereof, and pass through the same by Sea or Land, to any other Nations freely to traffic and have commerce with them in all sorts of merchandise, and to import and export the same. And the People of the said Commonwealth shall enjoy the same freedom in the Kingdoms, Dominions and Territories, of the Queen and Kingdom of Sweden. Provided, the Laws, Ordinances, and particular rights of each Nation, concerning Trade and Commerce be observed, on both sides.  
XI. Although in the preceding Articles of this present Treaty, it be forbid to either Confederate to yield any aid or assistance to the Enemies of the other; yet it is not to be so understood, as if either Confederate having no War with the Enemies of the other, might not sail to, or traffic with the said Enemies, notwithstanding the other Confederate be in actual war with them; But it is only provided, That till a more particular agreement be made concerning this matter, no goods called goods of Contrabanda, a Catalogue and Specification of which shall be made within 4 months after the date hereof, shall be carried to the Enemies of each other without peril in case they be taken, of being adjudged lawful prize without hope of Restitution.  
XII. But lest such Navigation and Intercourse of the one Confederate, his People & Subjects by Land or Sea, with other Nations, during the War of the other Confederate, should redound to the prejudice of the other Confed: And lest goods of Enemies, should pass concealed under the name of Friends; for the removal of all suspicion and prevention of fraud herein, it is agreed, That all Ships, Wagons, Wares and men, belonging to either Confederate, shall in their passage, have Letters of safe conduct, commonly called Passports, and Certificates signed by the Governor, or chief Magistrate of the Province or City, from whence they come; Of which Letters and Certificates such forms shall be observed as shall be mutually concluded upon, within the space of 4 months, next after the date hereof. And wheresoever any the Merchandise, goods, vessels, or men belonging to either, their People and Subjects, shall be met with either in open Sea, or in any Channel, Haven, Road, Land, or any other place by the Ships of War, public or private, or by any the People, Subjects and Inhabitants of the other, or shall happen to be in one place with them, they producing their Letters of safe Conduct and Certificates aforesad, shall have nothing further exacted of them, no search made, either of Goods, Vessels or Men, much less shall they receive any damage, injury or molestation; but shall be suffered to pass on with freedom to pursue their occasions. And if any People and Subjects of either shall do, or commit any thing contrary to the proper sense of this present Article, either Confederate shall take care that severe punishment be inflicted on the Offenders, and cause full and speedy satisfaction to be made to the parties wronged, for all Costs and Damages.  
XIII. In case it shall hereafter happen, that during this Amity and Confederation, any of the People or subjects of either, shall act or attempt any thing against the same or any part thereof, either by Land, Sea, or other waters, this Amity, Confederation and Alliance, shall not be thereupon interrupted or broken of, but shall remain and continue still in full force and virtue. Only in such case the particular persons which have offended, shall be punished, and no others; And that Justice shall be done and satisfaction made to all persons injured, within 12 months after Demand thereof. And in case the Persons so offending as aforesaid shall not appear and submit themselves to Justice, and make satisfaction within the said Term, the said Persons shall be declared enemies to both States, and their estates, goods and effects whatsoever, shall be confiscated & employed to a due and full satisfaction for the wrong by them done. And their persons shall be liable to further punishment when they shall come within the power of either State, as the quality of their offence shall deserve. And that speedy restitution and satisfaction be made for the loss and damage which either part hath sustained from the other, during the War betwixt England and the United Provinces.  
XIV. This present Treaty and Confederation shall in nothing derogate from any preeminence, right or Dominion of either Confederate within any his own Seas, Channels or Waters, but that they have and retain the same, in as full and ample manner as they have had, or as of right belongs to them.  
XV. It being the primary intent of this League and Amity, that each Confederate their People and Subjects might enjoy such Navigation and Commerce, as is described in the foregoing Articles, within the Baltic, Sound, Northern, Western, and British Seas, Mediterranean and Channel, and other the Seas in Europe; Therefore all sincere endeavour shall be used on both sides by common advice, aid and assistance, that the aforesaid mutual Liberty of Navigation and commerce, be established, promoted, and as occasion is, defended against all the Disturbers thereof, who shall go about to interrupt, prohibit, hinder or restrain and limit the same to their own will and pleasure, in prejudice of the said Confederates. And either part shall with all willingness or readiness, promote the good and prevent the hurt each of other; Saving the Treaties which either Nation hath made with other Kingdoms, Commonwealths & Nations. And neither Confederate shall hereafter make any League or Agreement in prejudice of this present, with any other People or Nation without the privity and consent of the other, or if any such Agreement be hereafter made, the same shall be reputed null and void, and give place to this present Treaty. But as for the manner of giving aid and assistance each to other for the defence of this League and of the Liberty of Commerce and Navigation, a more particular agreement, as need shall require, shall be made thereupon accommodated to the Circumstances of time and other affairs.  
XVI. For what concerns other Commodities, which Ships of War may enjoy, and the Laws by which they shall regulate themselves when they arrive in each others Ports and Harbours: and for what concerns commerce to be exercised in America; as also the advantages of the Herring, and other Fisheries, the erecting Staples for Trade, and other Things and Conditions which shall be found requisite for the better clearing of the foregoing Articles, Resolution shall be had therein according to what shall be agreed upon in a distinct and peculiar Treaty or Contract.  
XVII. Whatever is agreed on in the foregoing Articles shall be in force and virtue from this present time, and be truly observed on both sides by all such as are within each others Allegiance. And for the further Confirmation thereof, shall be subscribed, signed and ratified by the Protector of the Commonwealth of England, Scotland and Ireland, and the Dominions thereto belonging, in the name of his Highness and the said Commonwealth, and by her Majesty of Sweden, under the handwriting and Seals of their said Highness and Majesty, within four months' next ensuing the Date of these Presents.   

A PROCLAMATION of the Peace made between this Commonwealth, and France.  
OLIVER Lord Protector of the Commonwealth of England, Scotland and Ireland, etc.  
Whereas by the blessing of God, we have, with the advice of our Council, made and concluded a Treaty of Peace, friendship, and amity between this Commonwealth on the one part, and France on the other, their Lands, Cities, Towns, Dominions, Territories, Places, and People, by Sea, Land, fresh-waters, and else where; and whereas by the said Treaty of Peace all Acts of Hostility are to cease on both sides immediately after publication thereof, as well upon the Sea, as at Land, Rivers, and fresh-waters, and whatever shall be taken by the one from the other after the said Publication, shall well and truly be restored, and all Letters of Marque and reprisal to be recalled and made void, We have thought fit to make Publication, as we do by these presents, of the aforesaid Treaty and Agreement; and do hereby strictly charge and require all person and persons, of what degree, quality and condition they, or any of them be, belonging to this Commonwealth, to take notice thereof, and conform themselves accordingly,  portrait enclosed in an oval inscribed in Latin: Louis XIV, by the grace of God most Christian king of Gaul and Navarre; below the oval and its rectangular frame, a tree bearing arrows and other weapons (center) bordered by a Latin motto and flanked by more weapons to the left and right 
LODOVICUS XIIII. D G. GALLIA ET NAVARRAE REX CHRISTIANISS.  VIRTUTI DAMNOSA QVIES And in further performance of the said Treaty on our part, we do by these presents require and enjoin all Ships of ●●a●, and others belonging to the State, or particular persons set forth upon private Commissions, or otherwise, to observe the said Agreement. And to the end none may pretend ignorance thereof, the Commissioners of the Admiralty are hereby required to give effectual notice of the premises to all the Ships of War of this Commonwealth, either at Sea or in Port. And the Judges of the High Court of Admiralty are also by virtue of these presents forthwith to call in, upon their several Securities given in that Court, all such Ships as have been set forth upon private Commissiions against any of the People or Subjects of France.  
Given at White hall this 20. day of November, 1655.   

Here followeth the substance of the Articles of the Treaty of Peace betwixt England & France. Nov: 20. 1655.  
I. THat henceforth there be a firm Peace, Amity, and League betwixt the Commonwealth of England, Scotland and Ireland, and the Kingdom of France, and betwixt all the Countries, Dominions, Cities, and Places, within the Dominion of either, and that the People and Subjects of both Nations may freely have recourse unto all Ports and Havens, without prejudice.  
II. That neither part shall hereafter directly or indirectly assist such as are already declared Rebels or their Adherents; and in case either part do make a Peace with such as are already their declared Enemies, that part which shall so make Peace shall not give any aid or assistance to the said Enemies against the other part.  
III. That all Hostility shall cease henceforth both by Sea and Land, and all Commissions and Letters of Marque or reprisal, issued out on both sides against the People and Subjects of either, be recalled. And whatsoever shall be taken on either side, after the publication of the present Treaty, it shall be restored. And if any injury be done by the People of the one State to the People of the other, no Letters of Marque or reprisal, shall be issued out, till justice be first demanded; and in case Justice cannot be had after the due ways of demand made, than Letters of Marque or Reprisal may be granted, etc.  
iv That freedom of Trade be maintained in all places, etc. betwixt the People on both sides; Provided that the usual Customs be paid, and the Laws and Statutes of each State be observed.  
V That the People of the Commonwealth of England, Scotland and Ireland, etc. shall have liberty to vend all Manufactures of Wool and Silk made within the said Commonwealth in any place of the Dominion of France, notwithstanding any Law, Edict, etc. to the contrary. Provided, that the 13 Article of the Treaty made between England and France, Anno 1606. concerning Clothes ill made, be kept and observed; And that the Subjects of France may have free leave to vend all Wines of the growth of France, in all ports and places of the said Commonwealth, notwithstanding any Law or Statute, etc. to the contrary.  
VI That the Rates of Customs, which are to be paid by the Merchants on both sides, shall be hung up in a Table in the public places at London and Roven, and in other Cities of England and France, as need shall require.  
VII. That whereas some payments and privileges are claimed by some Cities and places, as due unto them, in the Dominions on either side, the Magistrates and Officers in all Cities shall take care that no more be exacted than what is due.  
VIII. That the payment called in English Head-mony, in French Du Chief, exacted hitherto by custom without Law in some Ports of England and France, shall no more be paid by the People of either State, at their entrance or departure.  
IX. The French Merchants trading in England shall not be compelled to put in any other caution for the vending of their Commodities, etc. besides their caution upon Oath, etc.  
X. That French Ships may have safe recourse to the Key of London, and all other Ports of England, Scotland and Ireland, etc. there to take in their lading without molestation, and they shall not be compelled to unlade into other Vessels. And the Ships of England shall enjoy the like liberty in all the Ports of France.  
XI. That the Merchant's Ships of England, trading to Bourdeaux, shall not in their passage up the River of Garunne, be compelled to unlade their Guns, etc. at the Castle of Blaye.  
XII. That the Merchants and any other People of the aforesaid Commonwealth of England, may by Will and Testament dispose of their Commodities, money, householdstuff, Debts, etc. within all parts of the Dominion of France, according to their pleasure. And whether they die testate or intestate, their heirs or executors shall enjoy, etc. according to the Laws of England, in what part of France soever they shall happen to die; and this notwithstanding the Law commonly called Droict d'Aubeyne. The like liberty and privilege is to be enjoyed by the Subjects of France in England.  
XIII. That the Inhabitants of the Isles of Jersey and Guernsey shall enjoy the same privileges and immunities in France as the French do in those Islands, the usual Tributes and Customs being paid on both sides.  
XIV. That for the more easy prevention of Piracies, and injuries to Ships by Rovers at Sea, all Captains and Masters in any Men of War, or Ships belonging to the People of either State, shall before they set out of any Port within the Dominion of either put in security for their good behaviour at Sea, and that they will not take or seize, nor otherwise hinder or injure the people and goods of either. And if those who are appointed to take the Security, shall neglect it, or not take good security, they themselves shall make recompense for such damages as shall be done.  
XV. That for the space of 4 years succeeding the Ratification of the present Treaty, all Ships belonging to the Subjects and People of either State trading in the Mediterranean, and in the Eastern Sea or Ocean, shall be free and have their lading free, although they carry goods in them, yea Grain or Pulse, which belong to Enemies; except nevertheless all prohibited and Contraband goods, that is to say Gunpowder, Guns, Pistols, and all sorts of Arms, Munition, Horses and Warlike Provision, nor shall they transport men for the service of the Enemies of either State, in case the Ships, Provision and Goods shall become Prize; which shall be severely put in execution also against such as shall carry Corn or Victuals for relief of places besieged by either State.  
XVI. That both Parties shall expressly charge their Sea Commanders, etc. That they do not any way prejudice or hinder the People of either State in their Ships, Vessels, Goods or Merchandise, but diligently observe this Treaty; And that those who violate it, shall beside the undergoing of Corporal punishment, repair the Damages, etc. And that such men of War, as being designed Convoy to Merchant men, shall meet with Vessels belonging to either State, be obliged to defend them against any that shall offer violence, so long as they hold the same course together.  
XVII. The seventeenth Article enjoineth the copying out and securing of Books of Accounts, Papers, Bills of lading, etc. That shall be found in any Ships, belonging to the People of either State, that may happen to be made Prize by any of the Sea Commanders of either Party, etc.  
XVIII. The eighteenth concerns such Commanders, Masters, Mariners and Seamen, taken in Vessels that shall be made Prize as aforesaid.  
XIX. That neither of the Confederates shall harbour or permit their People to harbour any Pirates or Robbers, nor to assist or supply them, but rather endeavour to apprehend and bring them to their deserved punishment, etc.  
XX That neither of the said Parties do permit that the Ships or Goods belonging to either people, which shall at any time be taken by the Rebels of either, upon pretence, or by virtue of any Commission whatsoever, and be brought into the Ports or Places of either Dominion, be alienated from the right Owners, but they shall be detained and laid up safe, that no part of them perish or be imbelished, etc.  
XXI. That if the People of either part shall be driven by Tempest, fear of Enemies, or any other danger, into the Ports of either Nation, they shall departed free without paying any Custom or Tribute, provided they neither buy nor sell there, & do at their first coming give an Account of their Arrival to the Magistrate of the Place.  
XXII. That the People of the said Commonwealth may freely Trade in all Kingdoms, Dominions and Territories, that are in Amity or Neutrality with the said Commonwealth, and not be hindered or injured by the subjects of the said King, although there should be an enmity and Hostility betwixt the said King, and those Kingdoms, Dominions and Territories, or any of them. The same is to be observed in like manner, on the said Commonwealths part towards the subjects of France. Provided that neither of them do Trade to any port or Town besieged by either party, nor carry any prohibited Goods unto such places as are in hostility with either, etc.  
XXIII. That inpartial Justice be done to the people of either, according as by the rule of Law & Equity in all Causes depending on either's Dominion, and that all Sentences, and former Bargains and agreements, made by the people of either, for their own advantage, do stand good, etc.  
XXIV. And forasmuch as since the year 1640 many prizes have been taken, and many damages done by the people of each nation to one another, it is agreed, That there Commissioners be nominated immediately after the Ratification of the present Treaty, with power to examine, estimate, and clear such Prizes and Laws, and determine the compensation and satisfaction for them, according to the demands, which shall be produced and exhibited before them, by their people on either part, within three months' time, to be accounted after the publication of this Treaty; For which purpose the said Commissioners are to meet within six weeks after publication, in the City of London, and to determine the said Controversies within five months' next following. And if within six months they shall not agree, than the said controversies shall be referred to the arbitration of the republic of Hamburgh, to be determited within four months' time next after, who are desired to appoint Commissioners to give Judgement upon the premises, and whatsoever they shall determine shall be binding to both Parties, and shall be performed within 6 months' next following. And if these shall not determine the said Controversy, than no man shall be molested thereupon, etc.  
XXV. That the Controversy betwixt both parties touching the Forts of Pemtacoet, St. John, and Port Royal, lately taken in America, and the goods found in them, be referred to the aforesaid Commissioners and Arbitrators mentioned in the foregoing Article.  
XXVI. That if there should happen to be a war betwixt the said Commonwealth and Kingdom, the Merchants living in Towns and Cities shall have six months' time after the declaring of the War to sell and transport their Goods and Comoditieses, and if any damage or injury be done them by the people of either part, they shall have recompense and satisfaction given them.  
XXVII. If it so fall out, that during this League and Amity any thing shall be done by any of the people on either side, contrary thereto, this League and Amity shall notwithstanding remain entire, and retain its full force, but the persons so offending shall be punished and satisfaction given to all parties concerned, etc.  
XXVIII. That this Treaty shall within 15 days next following be confirmed and ratified under the great Seal of both Nations, and the instruments be delivered on both sides, and afterwards this present Treaty shall be published in the accustomed place and manner.   

A Relation of Gen: Blakes engagement with the Turks in Tunnis: And of their submission in Argier.  
 two sailing ships in battle, with a smaller boat in the foreground  
Tunnis Road, April 9 1655.  
AFter the Turks in Tunnis had given us an unsatisfied answer, we sailed to them again, and arrived at Porta Ferina the 3 of April; when we came there the Officers met, and we sought to the Lord by Prayer, after which the Officers met in Counsel, and that day it was unanimously resolved by the Generals and Captains, to set upon the Turks Ships there the next day, and to burn them. On the 4 of April we caused the Turks to fly before us, their Castle of Porta Ferina we battered, their strong Town and houses of stone we did beat about their ears: By break of day the whole fleet weighed anchor; The Newcastle Frigate went first in, after her the Kent, the Taunton, the Forefight, the Amity, Princesse-Maria, Pearl, Mearmaid, and Merlin followed, and came to anchor near the Turks 9 Ships who lay close to the Castle and Forts by it: Then came in the Andrew our Vice-admiral, and the Plymouth, after them the George, Worcester, Unicorn, Bridgwater, and Success, these all anchored just against the Body of the Castle within musket shot, and began to play our broad sides of Guns at the Castle, which we plied very thick for 4 or 5 hours; In the mean while our other Frigates sent their boats aboard the Ships to endeavour the firing of them, which by the blessing of God was done by 11 a clock; we had hot work of it, for their Ships lay within Pistol shot of the shore, and all the Coast was lined with Musketeirs, and about 60 pieces of Ordnance mounted upon the Castle. The most men slain were in the Boats going aboard their Ships, which was by small shot, 30 is the most to be slain in the whole Fleet, and about 80 wounded; which considering the strength of the Place, and the many advantages the Turks had upon us, was but a small number. We are now in Tunnis Road, and General Blake hath sent once more a shore, but what will be done we know not.  
April 10. 1655. The Turks in Argier do consent to deliver up all the English that they have slaves, to General Blake, and declare that they desire a Confirmation of the Peace with England, and that the Lord Protector will send a Council to them, to make a firm Peace with them for ever. And it is believed that Tripilo will do the like.   

 portrait of Pope Alexander VII (?)  
To our Venerable Brethren, The Patriarches, Archbishops, Bishops, Clergi-men, Religious, and all the Faithful ones of Christ belonging to the Catholic Church.  
ALEXANDER VII. POPE. VEnerable Brothers, beloved Sons, greeting, and Apostolical Benediction.  
While from the height of our Apostolic Dignity we look round about us, and solicitously survey the State of Things throughout the World, as subjected to our Care and Charge, the Affairs of Christendom appear to be in a very sad and lamentable condition; for strangers make spoil of the Portion of the Lord, and his heritage, casting out those that are indeed his Children. Those Nations, which out of our Fatherly love and tenderness, we had a desire to take into our bosom, that is to say, into the bosom of true Religion, and most affectionately to embrace them, even they endeavour to rend and tear this very bosom in pieces; and making their way from the remotest parts of sea and land, have invaded the Flock of Christ. Yea and Catholic Princes disagreeing bend their Forces against themselves, and (which is a Judgement that God threatened heretofore against our Enemies, and them that rise up against us) they devour one another, and are made drunk with their own Blood, as it were with new wine. Whilst in time past, we were silently bewailing these things with ourselves, it seemed good to him, who works things great and incomprehensible without number, to call us, unwilling and trembling, to the Government of the Church; and to lay this immense burden upon us, enough to make the strongest shoulders to shrink. What our sorrow hath been, we have testified by those public prayers, which we enjoined in all parts, as soon as we were advanced to the Supremacy; as also by those Letters which we sent to our most dear Sons, not only to the Illustrious Ferdinand of Hungary and Bohemia King, and Roman Emperor Elect, but also to the 2 Kings, and which with grief of heart we wrote a second time, when we perceived our most deadly Enemy designing ruin and destruction to all Europe, by distressing the most renowned Republic, to the end that we might turn them from mutual discords, against so dangerous an Adversary; and now also we send again, admonishing them, that whilst their Armies are at a stand, during this winter season, they would use their utmost endeavour to settle Peace. Let all these things bear witness for us, that seeing there remains no hope to mitigate so great and sore evils, save only in common concord, it is the main care that takes up our Mind night and day, to insinuate it into the hearts and affections of all men. But because this is not to be effected by humane strength and earthly wisdom, but aught to be expected from him as his gift, upon whom rests the discipline of our Peace, who takes away the Spirit of Princes, and rebuketh the Sea, and it is Still; therefore do you (Venerable Brethren, and Beloved Sons) strive as much as in you lies, not only by your endeavour, study, Counsel, duties, and Authority, but also rend your hearts in prayer, in tears, in fastings, and Alms deeds, take ye the Censor of Incense, that is, the prayer of the Saints; and stand ye in the gap betwixt the Fire, and the people that are ready to be consumed. You who are set to be watchmen upon the walls of Jerusalem, cry aloud night and day, and be ye the Appeasers of divine wrath and vengeance. Empty out the Cup of Fury and destruction, the Cup of anguish and of tribulation without mixture, with which we have been drunken. We for our part, to whom Christ thought not his sheep safely committed, till we were again and the third time admonished in Peter touching the greatness of his Love, to whom alone it is given to enter the Sanctuary, and to present the prayers of the people to God before the Altar, conceive it our duty with all diligence to labour, that the Lord may not be angry, and say, I sought a man to make up the Breach, and to plead with me for the earth, that I might not destroy it, and I found him not, therefore have I poured out mine indignation upon them. For this is the property of divine vengeance, that he who is the most high, is then most easy to be entreated, and returns to gentleness and mercy, that is, to his own nature, when he draweth the sword with his mighty Arm and strong hand, to the end that he may strike. Let your Feet be the Feet of those that bring the glad Tidings of the Gospel of Peace, that the Bows and Arrows may be broken in pieces, and that God may command the winds, and cause Peace and Tranquillity; which by your assistance especially we desire to obtain, and do most affectionately confer upon you our Apostolical Benediction.  
Given at Rome, in St. Mary the Greater, under the seal-ring of the Fisher, the 20 of September, 1655. In the first year of our Popedom. NATALIS RONDININUS.   

A Letter concerning the manner of the Queen of sweden renouncing her Religion, and embracing the Popish, written by an eyewitness,  
at Inspruck in tirol, October 26. 1655.  
I Shall acquaint you with the manner of the entrance of the Queen of Sweden into this City. The Archduke of Tirol having many months since been advertised of the Queen's intention, to pass through this City, resolved to give her an extraordinary noble entertainment. To this end he sent Letters to all the Gentry and Nobility in this Country, and to his Friends in the parts adjacent, to wait upon him in their bravery at his Court on Saturday last. In the evening the Archduke having intelligence that the Queen would lodge within 9 mile of this City, took Post with his brother the Archbishop, and a dozen Gentlemen, and only kissed her hands, bidding her welcome into his Dominions, and returned back hither the same night. The next day, being Sunday, about 4 in the afternoon, 12 of the Archdukes Trumpeters, and most of the aforesaid Nobility and Gentry road before him, the Archdutchess, which is the Duke of Florence his Sister, being carried after him in a rich Sedan, the rest of the Gentry about and behind her; then followed his Guard on Horseback, being 50 Firelocks, his ordirnary Guard with Halberds standing on each side of the way: and in this equipage he met the Queen about a mile from the City; about 20 yards before he came at her he light off his horse, and she out of her Sedan, and saluted one another; and so in the former manner, with Trumpets, Drums, and other loud Music very fine, she entered the City.  
The next day I saw her at dinner only with the Archduke, his Lady, and Brother, which was very magnificent: I made account to have seen her at supper, but she supped privately; yet being at the Court, I was told, That the Queen the next day would make open profession of the Catholic Faith in the Franciscans or Archdukes Chapel, which not only I, but all her Protestant Servants much admired at, and would not believe; but it proved true: For on the Wednesday between a 11 and 12 of clock, she was led to the aforesaid Church by the Archduke, attended by the company aforesaid, and seated upon a Canopy on the left hand before the High Altar; below her, a little toward her right hand, was the Archduke, and his Lady, and Brother; and over against them the Spanish Ambassador in a Chair by himself; all the Choir being hung with Crimson Velvet, and the ground covered with red Serge: Then Mr. Holstenius, who was sent as the Pope's Nuntio, stood at the right side of the Altar, and said, That Pope Alexander the VII, having understood that Christina Queen of Sweden, being enlightened by the Holy Ghost, had intent to put herself into the bosom of the Church, had sent his Letters to testify his Approbation of her desires, and to receive her with his Apostolical Benediction, therefore he was there to know, whether it were true or not; upon which she made answer, that it was so. Then he gave the Pope's Letter to a Priest that stood by, who read it aloud to the effect abovesaid; the Letter being read, Mr. Holstenius desired that in Testimony of the truth, she would make Profession of the said Catholic Apostolic, and Roman Faith, and swear to keep it upon the Holy Evangelists, before the Archduke and the Spanish Ambassodor, which she did, and kissed the Book. Then was a Chair for Holstenius to sit in, and a Cushion laid at his Feet, upon which the Queen kneeled, and he making the sign of the Cross over her head, and embracing her shoulders, said, That he did receive her into the Catholic Church, and by virtue of Order from the Holy Father, Pope Alexander the VII, and from power given by Christ, whose Vicar he was, he did absolve her from all her sins that she had committed, In the Name of the Father, etc. Then were certain short Prayers said (or rather sung) in Latin for her; after which, High Mass was sung, and then a Priest made a Sermon in Dutch, his Text was out of the Psalms. Hear O my Daughter, incline also thine ear, forget also thy people and thy Father's house; so shall the King have pleasure in thy Beauty. Then was Te Deum sung with most excellene Voices; and fifty pieces of Ordnance discharged, and so she returned home as she came.  

 portrait of Christina, Queen of Sweden (?)  
The Profession of Faith of Christina Queen of Swedland, as it was publicly Sworn unto at Inspruck.  
Sect. 1. I Do firmly admit and embrace Apostolical and Ecclesiastical Traditions, and the other Observances and Constitutions of the Church. Also I admit the holy Scriptures according to that sense which our holy Mother the Church, to whom it belongs to judge of the true sense and interpretation of holy Scriptures, hath held, and doth hold: neither will I ever take and interpret it but according to the unanimous consent of the Fathers.  
Sect. 2. I do profess also that there be truly and properly seven Sacraments of the new Law instituted by our Lord Jesus Christ, and necessary to the salvation of mankind, though all be not necessary for every man; that is to say, Baptism, Confirmation, the Eucharist, Penance, Extreme unction, Order, and Matrimony; and that they confer grace: and of these Baptism, Confirmation and Order cannot be reiterated without Sacrilege: Also the received and approved Rites of the Catholic Church used in the solemn administration of all the aforesaid Sacraments, I receive and admit.  
Sect. 3. All and every the things which are defined and declared in the holy Council of Trent concerning Original sin and Justification I embrace.  
Sect. 4. I profess also that in the Mass there is offered unto God a true, proper, and propitiatory Sacrifice for the quick and dead: and that in the most holy Sacrament of the Eucharist, there is truly, really, and substantially, the Body and Blood, together with the Soul and Divinity of our Lord Jesus Christ, and there is made a conversion of the whole substance of the bread into the Body, and of the whole substance of the wine into the Blood, which conversion the Catholic Church calls Transubstantiation: I confess also that under either sole species, all and whole Christ, and a true Sacrament is received.  
Sect. 5. I do hold there is a Purgatory, and that Souls therein detained, are helped by the suffrages of the faithful. Also, that the Saints reigning with Christ, are to be worshipped and prayed unto, and that they offer prayers to God for us, and that their Relics are to be worshipped: I most firmly avouch that the Images of Christ, and of the mother of God, always a Virgin, and of other Saints also, are to be had and retained, and that due honour and veneration is to be given them. Also I affirm that the power of Indulgences was left by Christ in the Church, and that the use of them is most wholesome to Christian people.  
Sect. 6. I acknowledge the holy Catholic and Apostolic Roman Church Mother and Mistress of all Churches, and I promise and swear true obedience to the Bishop of Rome, successor to St. Peter Prince of the Apostles, and Vicar of Jesus Christ: I do likewise undoubtedly receive and profess all other things delivered, defined, and declared by the sacred Canons and Councils ecumenical and particularly by the holy Council of Trent; and withal I do condemn, reject, and anathematise all things that are contrary thereunto, and all Heresies whatsoever the Church hath condemned, rejected, & anathematised. And I do promise, vow and swear, that I will be careful to hold and confess constantly (with God's help) this true Catholic Faith, out of which no man can be saved, which at this present I do willingly profess and truly holds; and also as far as I am able, that by those who are under me, or over whom by reason of my charge, I shall have care it be held taught and professed.  
CHRISTINA R.    

A brief Description of the Island of Jamaica, and a Relation of possessing the Town of St. Jago de la Viga, with the Routing the Enemies from their Forts and Ordnance, and taking the said Island, May 10. 1655.  
COncerning Jamica or Jamaica, we find these following passages heretofore. In the Navigation of Christopher Columbus, cap. 98. Tandem Admirans devenit ad Insulam, quam Insulam Jamicam, etc. The Admiral at length came to an Island which the Inhabitants call Jamica: This Island is as fruitful as any place near the Sea coasts or within the Land.  
In Peter Martyr, dec. 3. l. 9 Est his Australior Jamaica, etc. Jamaica is a little more Southerly than Cuba and Hispaniola; it is a pleasant and fruitful Island, most happy in the fertility of soil, and it hath but one Mountain, and is most fit for sowing.  
And Dec. 1. l. 3. Hanc insulam Siciliam longiorem latioremque praedicat: It is said that this Island is greater than Sicily.   map of the Caribbean, including Cuba, Jamaica, Hispaniola, and many smaller islands, and some of the surrounding coastlines (tip of Florida, north coast of South America, and a bit of the east coast of southernmost North America) 
And Dr. Heylin in his Description of the American Islands, saith of Jamaica, It is in length from East to West about 50 leagues, and in breadth 20, the whole compass estimated at 150. The middle of it under the 18 Degree of Northern latitude: of a rich Soil, abundantly provided of all things necessary, well stocked with cattles, and no less plentifully stored with most sorts of fruits, which either industry or nature have supplied it with; great store of Cotton-wool, and such a abundance of Jaccu (a Root whereof the Savages once made their bread) that it was deemed the Granary of the neighbouring Islands.  
The Island Jamaica belongeth properly to the Duke of Veragus, who is lineally descended from Christopher Columbus, the Discoverer of the Indies, and not to the Duke of Medina, as was by some conceived.  
The chief Ports of this Island are (1) Caguaya which serves to the Town of St. Jago de la Vega, or St. James of the Plains, from whence it is about two leagues distant.  
The second Port of any note on that Southside, is Esquyvel, which is about three leagues distant from the former towards the West, which though the Channel be, as of the former, difficult to find, is within a commodious Haven; and in respect of an Arm of the Sea which affords the Commodity of building of Shipping; within it is of singular commodity to the Island. This Arm of the Sea extends itself a full league within the Land, where it admits into it a small fresh Brook, called Ell Rio de la Puente, which arising within two leagues of the Town of St. Jago, and passing pleasantly through the Savanas, is received by the Arm before described, which is called Guavayera. The Land between the Town of St. Jago and this place, is for the most part open, and Savana land, well stored with cattles and horses. From thence to Maccario, which is about six leagues distant the Coast, is good and fit for Anchoring; but affords no Port or Harbour nearer than Panda Botellio, which is a round Mountain, about a league to the West of which, a River called Mantinesse discharges itself into the Sea: This River arises about a league, or a league and half with the land, and abounds in fish, and is well stored with cattles, upon the neighbouring Hatoes, and Savanas of Tama and Guatibacoa. Thence passing along this Coast, the next place of goodness of Land, or conveniency of Anchoring. And about eight leagues distant from Peccaria, is Punta de la Gostus, which is in the Hato of Perada, which is one of the best and largest pieces of Savana of the whole Island, it being four leagues in length and more.  
From Pereda to Elconde, another little Port is five leagues, between which two places falls into the Sea the great River Caphana, which arising in the Mountains, passes through Savanas of the same name, well stored with cattles; and leaving the open land about a league from the Sea, runs through woody and manguey, or mountainous grounds, and is from the very Savana, of depth sufficient for most ordinary Ships, but narrow, as being over grown by the Mangroves, for want of use or clearing; yet contains in the narrowest about sixty or seventy foot of breadth. At the mouth this River receives into it certain large Brooks of fresh water; but of no other consideration then for fishing only, whereof it affords a plentiful commodity. The mouth of this River, by reason of the smallness of its fall, is barred with the sands, so that unless at some times of considerable floods, it hath not depth above four foot upon the Bar, but without is Anchoring good enough in the open Road, but harbour none at all.  
Next about two leagues distant, is El Eaido, which is a Hata, having some small Savanas, but very great plenty of cattles abiding in the Woods, which the Spaniards call Ganadus Siniarones', or wild cattles, as being not marked, nor belonging to any certain proprietor, other than the chief Lord and owner of the Hato. In this Hato is a small Port called Puto del Conde, of no great value or consideration.  
Thence to Punto Negrillio, is no other Port or Harbour whatsoever; but passing by land, is a Hato called Cabnico, large and well stored with cattles, both wild and tame.  
Thence next is called the Savana of the Sea, which reaches to the Cape Negrillio. From the Puerto de Cuguaya towards the East, is the Hato de Loguany, which is at the East side of the Port itself, and presents to the Harbour a large and well stored Savana, with an Arm of the Port extending to it, commodious for the building of Shipping, there being store both of Cedars and other sort of Timber convenient for that purpose.  
Next Eastward Land to this of Lyguany, is Lezania, a narrow tract of plantable land between the sea and the mountain, containing some small Savanas, but no habitation, nor any Cattles but wild, and is about two leagues in length.  
Then is the Hato Ayala full of tame cattle, and hath much commodity of planting, or erecting of Sugar Engenios' of water, by reason of two convenient Rivers which it hath running through, is fit for that purpose; but is dangerously open to the incursion of Pirates, who there have too much commodity of landing in two small Cores or Bighs of Land, the one of which is called los Anaones, towards the West of this Hato, and to the East la Cruz del Padre.  

Several sorts of Wood in this Country.  

1. Grandillio, of a reddish black colour, and heavy as Ebony, used much in these parts for bedsteads.  
2. Cedar, the best in all the Indies, useful for all purposes, as Oak in England.  
3. Cawobena, a Tree of six fathom about, a fine red, excellent good for beds, tables, or buildings.  
4. Cittano, of a yellow colour, a fathom about, excellent for dying, called in English, yellow Fustick.  
5. Brasil, and Brasiletto, excellent for dying, sold in these parts at one pound seventeen shillings and six pence per hundred.  
6. Guaicum, good for bedsteads, bowls and chairs, and Physicians uses, three foot over, sold at Carthagena for two shillings per pound.    

The Country affords several Fruits.  

1. Pepper smelling like Cloves, the North side of the Island is full of it, wild, good for Chocolatto, sold here at six pence per pound. The Leaf distilled, makes excellent good water, much esteemed by the Spaniards at Carthagena.  
2. Pyne, the best that ever was eat, in season almost all the year long, sold at six pence per piece.  
3. Nispero, esteemed the best fruit in the Indies by the Spaniards, in season in July and August.  
4. Mamesappole, tastes like Marmalet, in season part of June, July, and August.  
5. Avocatas, a wholesome pleasant fruit; in season in August, sold for eight pence per piece.  
6. Cocao, in great plenty, of which they make Chocolatto, sold ordinarily for three shillings per bushel.  
7. Catrao, a very sweet luscious fruit, green of colour, and much like a Mulberry in shape and bigness.  
8. Limbs, Lemons, Oranges, Guavers, Bonana's, Plantan's, Papaas, Melons of all sorts, and very good Cucumbers, Gourds, etc. and the largest Potatoes ever eye beheld.  
9 Tobacco, which at Carthagena bears the best Rate there.  
10. Indigo.    

The substance of divers Letters from the Generals and Commissioners in the West-Indies to his Highness, to the effect following.  

Aug: 8. 1655.  
WE left Barbadoes the last of March, and came to St. Christopher's, where we found a Regiment form, which we received into our company, not staying to anchor. Thence passing forward, we came in sight of Sancta Luz, Porto Rico, and some other Lands, and on their 3 of April arrived before Sancto Domingo, part of our forces landing within six miles of the Town, without any opposition, but the main of the Army landed near 40 miles beyond it, contrary to what was intended; which fell out in respect of the absence of the Pilot, who being sent out to discover, returned not in time. This occasioned a very long march for the Army through Woods and narrow Lanes, and all without any guide; which with the heat of the weather, and want of water, put the Army into some weakness and distemper, and made them very unfit for service. The Soldiers likewise straggled from their Colours to gather Oranges, Lemons, Pines, etc. the extraordinary eating whereof put many of them into the Flux, and Fevers. In this condition we advanced near the Town, where our forelorn, being surprised by an Ambush, and their Leader Adjurant General Jackson running away, were put to a retreat by 300 men; and there Major General Heans keeping his ground, was slain. This Ambuscado was afterwards routed by some of the Seamen, who came up to relieve the Forlorn. jackson was cashiered for cowardice, and had his sword broken over his head.  
After this, the Army retreating for some refreshment, it was thought most convenient by the Officers, and most for the service, to leave that Island (the Army being weakened by their aforesaid long march) and to attempt the Island of jamaica: And having shipped the Army, we arrived there upon the 10 of May, and took the Town of St. jago de la Vega, having beat the Enemy from their Forts and Ordnance, who were got together in a body, consisting of about 3000 men. And from this place nothing did divert our first atrempt, but that it had not a name in the world; for we find the Country equal, if not superior to Hispaniola, and in four miles march here, we saw more Cattle and Plantations then in forty in Hispaniola, and a better air; and the situation thereof much more advantageous to all purposes. We are now getting horses, whereof there are great abundance in the Island to make Troopers and Dragoons, to pursue the Enemy, who are fled unto the Woods, and endeavour to get away into the Island of Cuba, twenty leagues from this; for prevention whereof we have laid some Frigates in the way. The Fleet got safe into the Harbour, which is indeed a very safe and gallant one for riding in all winds. We find here Ebony in great plenty, store of large Cattle, and Timber in abundance for shipping, and some ships on the stocks in building; the Ground very Fertile, and full of brave Plains and Rivers. There is likewise great store of Salt-Peter, which some men among us, who are Powder men of London, do affirm, may be had as good and as plentifully, as in any place in the world, and in three years' time they will undertake to serve England with it, woods and Rivers for carriage being easy here, with choice places to erect Mills. We want only workme, some of our men are already beginning to Plant.  
We lost in Hispaniola between two and three hundred men by sickness and Skirmishes with the enemy, and killed in the Woods by the Cow-killers, as they were straggling to gather fruit. The Town where our Army is, is a well built Town of Stone and Brick, above two miles about, and is able to Quarter 20000 men.   

Septemb: 23. 1655.  
Came the following Intelligence touching Gen: Pen, Gen: Venables, and our affairs in the West-Indies.  
General Pen arrived at the Spit-head near Portsmouth from Jamaica, with part of the Fleet, the 31 of the last month, having left a very good Squadron behind him in those Seas, and being come as far as the Havana in the Island of Cuba, the Ship Paragon fell on fire by negligence, and so perished in the Sea, blowing up many of the men that were in her. The said Gen: Pen is not yet come to London, but hath sent hither Letters which he brought from Gen: Venables. There are 20 sail returned, and 13 left behind: And that notwithstanding some discouragements at first in that part of the world, yet now our men are well accommodated, and doubt not but to bring good advantage to the Commonwealth by their Expedition.   

The Letter from Gen: Venables to a person of Honour.  
Honourable Sir,  
SInce my last of the sixth of this instant, we have taken some prisoners of the enemy; the rest continue in the Mountains, wanting houses, bread, etc. willing to submit, if not overawed by a few amongst them, yet we hope to make them good Subjects, most of them being Portugais, and shall endeavour to gain them by our civility. That which we most want for the present, is bread and Bandry, there being not much Casava in the Country, and of that the enemies steal a share, but we shall be planting more of that, and hope our Friends will give us a supply assoon as may be. There be some considerations and expedients which will be sent into England, not yet fully resolved upon; and I am not able now to enlarge, having quite spent my spirits; but this Island Jamaica, for Commodities, Air, etc. and in situation for other purposes, exceedeth Hispaniola, in the judgement of,  
Sir, your very obliged Servant, ROB: VENABLES.   

Here followeth another Letter from the Fleet in Jamaica Harbour, concerning our Affairs in the West-Indies.  
June 25. 1656.  
IN the last to you dated the 12 of March, by the conveyance of the Grantham, we intimated the departure of some Frigates for the Main, which since returned with Intelligence only of 7 ships in the Harbour of Carthagene. A few days after, A Council of War was called, and it was thought expedient to move upon some design for the advantage of the Commonwealth rather than lie still in Harbour. In order to which, eleven of the best sailing Frigates in the Fleet were chosen out for the effecting of our purpose (the Admiral himself to command in chief.) The Port we were bound for, proved to be Rio de la Hache, a Town about 30 Leagues to the Eastward of Sancta Martha. We landed 500 Seamen a mile Westward of the Town, where they saluted us from the Fort standing to the Eastward with three great shot, but did no execution; whereupon we marched boldly forward, and by the advantage of some houses near adjoining, we got thither, and played our small shot into the Fort so fast, that they soon deserted their great Guns, and begged for Quarter, which was presently granted; the Fort was 19 foot high, with a Brest-work on the top, and 4 brass Guns mounted: The Inhabitants had sent away all their Goods by their Negroes upon their first espial of us, which was 5 hours before we landed. We stayed there 3 or 4 days, and sent several Parties up into the Country in quest of the Enemy, but took none save one Friar, and some Spanish women and Negroes. In the mean time, several came down with Flags of Truce, and gave us notice, that the Governor of the place would come and compound for them▪ but they failed at the prefixed time; wherefore Orders were given for carrying aboard the Spanish prisoners (women excepted) and the Town to be immediately fired, and our Forces drawn off.  
After all matters were dispatched here, we set sail to Sancta Martha to review our former spoils. We drew out the same party, and went on shore, no Enemy opposing, most persons of Quality being fled to Carthagene for security. We soon left the place after we had watered; and espying a Sail at Sea, in few hours we came up with her, and found her to be a Spanish Prize laden with Oil, Olives, Wine, Stuffs, to a good value.  
Then we moved towards Carthagene to show ourselves; we lay there one day, and then 8 of the Fleet departed for Jamaica, leaving three of us behind in our former station, 6 leagues Eastward of Carthagene. In their way they chased another Ship laden with Cocoes, and took her, and have sent the Fruit to the Lord Protector: it is good to make Chocolette, which is a great Drink in these Countries.  
We that were behind after the rest of the Fleet, two Evenings together near Sunset, made another Sail; but night approaching, we lost sight of her, and the next day saw her at Anchor under Carthagene wall. We attempted to bring our Ships near her; but they discovering our intents, haled her ashore, cutting their Cables; so that we being Ships of great burden, had not depth of Water, besides the danger of the Forts. We gave the Town a strong Alarm, coming within shot, but they fired no Guns. So we left our chase, and with the advantage of a Westerly wind (which is not usual here) we got up as high as Sancta Martha, and so stood over for Jamaica, leaving the other two Ships behind, where they chased another Vessel into the shore, which suffered shipwreck there, laden with Tobacco, Hides, and Cocoes.  
Several Gentlemen from the Governor of Mevis have been here to view this Island of Jamaica, in order to their Transplanting, who approve of the Ground very well, and are upon their Return with three of the State's ships, to fetch the Governor, and their Families, and Estates.     

A true Narrative of the late Success which it hath pleased God to give to some part of the Fleet of this Commonwealth, upon the Spanish Coast, against the King of Spain's West-India Fleet, in its return to Cadiz; being the substance of several Letters writ and sent by the Generals of the Fleet. Octob: 4. 1656.  
 battle between sailing ships  

The Letter of Capt: Stayner, Commander of the Speaker Frigate, to Gen. Blake, and Gen. Montagu.  
Right Honourable,  
AFter my service presented to your Honours, these are to acquaint you, that upon the 8 instant at night it blew hard Westerly, by means whereof we with our Squadrons (only the Providence was gone to water) weighed out of the Bay of Cadiz and plied to Sea; in the evening we espied eight Sail some five or six leagues to the Westwards of Cadiz, we using the best means we could to meet with them the next day, which we did. It being little wind at N. E it was nine of the clock before we came up with them, but having a fresh gale in the night, all but we and the Bridgwater were to the Leeward, and could not come to us. But when we came to the Fleet, it proved to be the Spanish Fleet come from the West-Indies, which were four of the King of Spain's, three Merchantmen, and one Prise which they had taken by way of the Western Islands being a Portugal, which were eight in all: We engaged the Fleet, but being within four leagues of Cadiz, could not stay for our ships, but we, the Bridgwater, and Plymouth, engaged them, and had a sharp dispute some of us; but the Admiral being the smallest ship, we slighted her, for we conceived there was some Policy used in the Flag, by which means their Admiral and the Portugal Prise got into Cadiz; the Vice-admiral and one more we sunk, and burnt two: We took one, the Captain of her, which we have on board, saith she hath in her two Millions of silver; the Vice-admiral had as much, I do believe. The Plymouth chased another, who ran ashore between S. Peter's and Cape Degar, but it seems by the prisoners information she had no silver in her; the ship we took was as good as all the Fleet besides: the other that Captain Harman hath taken is very rich, but little silver in her. Both the Prize and our ship are sorely wounded both in Mast and Hull. The Commanders advise me not to take the silver out of her, I do intent to take further advice about it; there is no News, only the Fleet I believe will follow us. The Galleys came out because of the riches and disability of our ships: we will come towards you except your Honours send further orders, for we are in no capacity to stay here. I shall leave two or three of the best sailing ships off the Cape, and I and the rest will come to Lisbon, where I hope to find your Honours. There is the Nova Spaniola Fleet at the Havana, but when they will come home is not known. This is all, only there is loss of men in some ships, the number I know not. I am,  
Your Honours most humble Servant, Ric: Stayner. From on board the Speaker, in haste, Sept. 9 1656.   

The Letter of Gen. Blake, and Gen. Montagu to his Highness the Lord Protector.  
May it please your Highness.  
BEing out of water, and our Victuals almost spent, and having not heard from your Highness, since the receipt of your commands by the Griffin, we found it requisite to sail for this place, with the greatest part of the Fleet, as well to recruite our wants, as to be in a way of further order. Accordingly we arrived here on the 11 instant, and the 17 following in the night received the enclosed Account from the Commander of the Squadron left before Cadiz, which we humbly present to your Highness; hoping we shall be shortly able to inform your Highness more particularly thereof, having sent out what Frigates we could, as well to reinforce the Guard before Cadiz, as to secure the Prizes hither to us. In the mean time, the Providences that have come to our knowledge concurring to bring these ships into our hands, do very much convince us it is of God in more than an ordinary manner; and we trust it will by the same good hand be sanctified unto us. We humbly take leave and remain,  
Your Highness very faithful and obedient Servants, Robert Blake. E: Mountagu. From on board the Naseby in the Bay of Wyers, Sept. 19 1656.   

An Account touching the great Destruction befallen the Spaniards in the West-Indies.  
THE eldest son of the marquis of Badex (who was taken prisoner by our Fleet in the Spanish Vice-admiral, as they came with their Silver from the West-Indies) being examined, saith upon his Examination: That above five months since, presently after his Father and Family departed out of Lima in Peru, there happened a fearful Earthquake and most miraculous Rain of fire from heaven in Peru, insomnch that the whole City of Lima is swallowed up and destroyed, and also the City of Calao; in which places there perished above twelve thousand Spaniards, and (to see the great distinguishing hand of God) not above one hundred Indians with them. In that City also, viz. Lima, the King of Spain hath lost by the Earthquake, one hundred Millions of Silver ready wrought up. Moreover, the famous Mines and Mountains of Potosi (out of which they digged their Silver) are destroyed in a wonderful manner, so that there is no more of Hills to be seen, but all plain, nor is there any further possibility of having Gold or Silver in Peru. Some of the Spanish themselves do acknowledge, that this desolation and destruction hath befallen the Spaniards for the Cruelties by them acted upon the poor Indians, they not sparing even those Indians among them who professed the Roman Catholic Religion, insomuch that the miserable Creatures being beyond measure oppressed, and grieved with their sufferings, cried to Heaven for vengeance against them. Never was there a more terrible visible hand of God in judgement upon any people since the time of Sodom and Gomorrah. Great is the Lord, marvellous are his do, and to be had in reverence of all the Nations round about.   

Here followeth the Narrative of the great Success given by God to a few of our Ships against the King of Spain's West-India Fleet.  
SEven Ships in the service of the King of Spain (being four of the Kings own Fleet, and three Merchants) coming from the West Indies, most of them richly laden with Gold Silver, Pearl, and other Commodities, viz. The Admiral, Don marquis Del porto General; The vice Admiral a Gallion, Don Francisco De Esquevel Commander; The Rear Admiral a Gallion, Don Francisco Del Hayo Commander, a ship commanded by Captain John Rhodrignes Cauldron, a ship Commanded by Capt. John De la Tour, another small man of war, and a Vessel of Advice from the Vice Roy of Mexico to Spain: They did in fifty eight days proceed so far as within a few leagues of Cadiz, without making Land or touching at any place during the voyage, having in their way betwixt the Western Islands and Massagam in Africa, seized upon a small Portugal as Prize, by whom receiving a false information, that the Spaniards had beaten the English Fleet from off their Coast, a month before; they sailed with much confidence towards Cadiz as not expecting opposition.  
The greatest part of the English Fleet, were at this time gone to the Bay of Wyers in Portugal (where they arrived the eleventh of September last) to recruit their wants, and to be in a way of further Orders, the General's leaving behind them a Squadron of six or seven Ships (to have an eye upon Cadiz) under the command of Captain Stayner, Captain of the Speaker Frigate: which Squadron on the eight of September last, plying to Sea, being forced thither by a strong Westerly wind, did at the evening of the day Discover the said Spanish Fleet, five or six Leagues to the Westward of Cadiz; And the approach of the night denying opportunity of present action, they endeavoured to fall in with them the next day, which accordingly they did about nine of the clock in the morning (they seeming to the Spaniards to be Fisher-boats) But there being a fresh Gale that night, all but three of the Squadron were to the Leeward, and could not presently come in, and finding it to be the Spanish Fleet come from the Indies, the Speaker, the Bridgwater, and the Plymouth Frigates (not thinking it adviseable to stay for the rest of the squadron, they being within 4 leagues of Cadiz) engaged with the Fleet, and a sharp dispute there was betwixt them: The Admiral being a small ship, and it being conceived that the placing of the Flag upon her, might be in policy to divert them from attending the Ships of better value, they slighted her, and suffered her (with the Portugal Prize) to go into Cadiz Bay, where (its said) she was run on shore and sunk, being reported to have in her Six hundred thousand pieces of Eight: The Vice Admiral (being reported to have Six hundred thousand pieces of Eight; besides in Jewels and Plate, upon the account of the marquis of Badex, to the value of five hundred thousand pieces of Eight) having fought six hours, was taken by our Ships, and after set on fire by the Spaniards themselves, and so burnt down, and snnk, in her were destroyed one hundred and ten men, the principallest of whom was the marquis of Badex, who with his wife and eldest daughter were burnt: The Rear Admiral was taken and remains in our possession: The ship under the command of Captain John Rodrignes Cauldron, which was said to have in her Sugar, Tobacco and Plate, to the value of Six hundred thousand pieces of Eight, was taken, and in the bringing off was by an accidental fire burnt and sunk: The ship under the command of De La Tour, twelve thousand West India Hides, and some quantities of Sugar, is taken and in our possession: The small Man of War (having in her the like lading with the last mentioned) and the Advice Vessel being of no force or lading, are said to escape into Gibraltar.  
The value of what is taken and possessed, is not justly known; but by the Calculation of the Spaniards there are taken and lost about Nine Millions of pieces of Eight: besides the said Ships and their Lading, there are many prisoners taken, three hundred and fifty being found in the Rear Admiral, and about Ninety saved out of the Vice Admiral, amongst whom there are the Eldest Son, a younger son, and two daughters of the said Marquis of Badex, as also Don Diego De Villa Alva, the Governor of the Havana, and several others of quality, and Merchants.  
And all this was done without the loss of one Vessel of the English, so it pleased the wisdom of God, to choose to effect so great a work, by a little force: As also by suffering the Enemy to be foolishly ensnared into a presumptuous confidence, by an Enemy's information, on which they so relied, that they neglected the haling of a Vessel which came from St. Lucaz, and might have informed them of the truth.  
By this Narrative we see that the Lord whose right hand hath been heret ofore so glorious in power, for the help of his poor people in these Nations, in the time of their saddest dangers, when their Enemies at home expected to have satisfied their Lusts in their ruin, hath again appeared on their behalf in this day of their need by blowing with his winds, and causing the Sea to cover their Enemies abroad, so that they have sunk as Led into the mighty waters, which gives abundant cause to say, who is like unto the Lord, for he hath triumphed Gloriously; and as the Eminency of this Mercy, in weakening the common Enemy of Religion (the King of Spain, with whom this Commonwealth is engaged in a just and necessary war) and in encouraging and strengthening the hands of his Servants, in a vigorous prosecution of that engagement, is much heightened by the freeness of