ENGLAND'S WANTS: OR SEVERAL PROPOSALS Probably beneficial for ENGLAND, Humbly offered to the Consideration of all Good Patriots IN BOTH Houses of Parliament.  
By a true lover of his Country.  
LONDON, Printed for Jo. Martin, 1667.   

ENGLAND'S WANTS: OR, Several Proposals probably beneficial for England, humbly offered to the Consideration of all good Patriots in both Houses of Parliament.  
ALthough the Kingdom of England doth abound with many blessings, which other Nations want, yet doth it want many which others enjoy.  
It is recorded, That an eminent foreign Ambassador, after a long Residence in England, sailing homeward, did cast his eye back upon this Land, and said in his own language, O Isola felicissima, etc. The happiest Country upon the face of the Earth, did it not want public Spirits amongst them.  
The want of public Spirits hath occasioned the want of many Public works of Peity and Charity, works necessary or commodious for the people, or of ornament for the Kingdom.  
I. To supply this want, That (by such easy ways and means as are hereafter mentioned) there may be raised a public Stock to be put into the hands of Commissioners nominated by both Houses of Parliament, approved by the King, and accountable to them for the same.  
II. For raising such public Stock, it is proposed first, That, according to the practice of neighbour Nations, upon all such Commodities as occasion either Excess or Luxury, Wantonness, Idleness, Pride, or Corruption of Manners, there may be laid a large Impost: as upon all Wines, all strong Drinks, Tobacco, Coffee, Chocolatte, Sugars, Spices, Plums, all sorts of Sweetmeats, Oranges, etc. Upon all Silks, Laces, Ribbons, Jewels, Feathers, Perruques, Fringes, etc. Upon all fine Linens, Camolets; upon Cards, Dice, Tables, Bowls, etc. upon all Coaches, Chariots, Litters, Sedans▪ upon all Pictures, Perfumes, Paints for the Face, etc. Moreover a third part of all the gettings of Comedians, Ropedancers, Mountebanks, Lotteryes, Shows, etc.  
III. That (according to the practice of the Primitive Christians, whose Devotion was such that they thought no Testament well made, unless some considerable portion was thereby added to Christ's Patrimony) that no Testament henceforth should be valid unless a 20th part of the Legacies were given to these after-named public and pious uses.  
IV. That for these uses there may be reserved (as was anciently practised in the Roman State) a tenth part of the profit of all Lands given by the Husband to the Wife, or coming from the Wife to the Husband, there being no Issue between them alive.  
V. That a 40th part of all things recovered by Law may be (as once among the Romans) assigned for public usses.  
VI That there be paid out of all marriage Portions Six pence in the Pound, and something proportionably paid at the death and birth of every person not living on Alms.  
VII. That every one to be made free of a Trade, or licenced to practice in Law or Physic may pay proportionably to these public uses.  
VIII. That all Contracts in Writing, all Decrees, Judgements, etc. may have a small Seal on the top (as is practised in divers other Countries) for which a small Tax to be paid, etc.  
IX. That in all Churches (as in Holland) at every solemn Assembly, the Churchwardens with a long Staff, Bag and Bell during the Sermon, receive the charitable benevolence of the whole Congregation, where every person that desires to honour God (not only with his Soul and Body, but) with his Substance (as God commands, and the primitive Christians punctually observed at their Church-meetings) throwing in but his Mite, it is incredible (by this constant course at every Assembly) to what a sum it will amount in one year.  
Now the Moneys of this public stock may be employed in these public uses following;  
X. For building Work-houses in all convenient parts of this Kingdom, for making Rivers navigable, for building or repairing Bridges, Highways, Sea-banks, Havens, Moles, Landmarks, Aqueducts for setting up poor Youths after an Apprenticeship served; for marrying poor Maids, for relief of aged, impotent, decayed People; for maintenance of sick and maimed Soldiers; for redemption and relief of Captives and Slaves in Turkey; for building and repairing of Churches, whereof there is great want in this Kingdom, more especially in the Suburbs of London, where not a fourth part of the Parishioners can at once enter into their Parish Church, at least not well hear Divine Service, to the great shame of the Protestant professors, who since the Reformation have (as our Adversaries observe) erected scarce one considerable solid Structure for the worship of God.  
For repairing the Mother-Church of the Mother-City of this Kingdom, to the Glory of God and Honour of this Nation; for the speedy promoting whereof, both King and Parliament, City and Country, Clergy and Laity, High and Low stand all engaged to lend their helping hands.  
For erecting in London and other great Cities banks or mounts or Piety, (as have been long used in Italy, in Flanders and other Countries,) whereby the intolerable oppression of public and private Brokers and Pawn-takes (that grind the faces of the poor, serving out of them 40 or 50 per Cent.) may be utterly abolished.  
For erecting Hospitals in London and other Cities (as there is at Paris and Rome) for to receive all little Infants exposed or found; whereby many poor Innocents' destroyed in the womb, or at the Birth, might be preserved from Murder, as well as the unnatural Mothers from hanging.  
For building of Hospitals to accommodate therein all poor Women (as is done at Paris) near the time of their Travel, to enter and there to be carefully delivered, and remain afterwards till they are in a condition to return home and follow their work.  
For providing stipends for Physicians, Surgeons and Apothecaries (as at Rome) to give gratis their Advice, Pains, Medicines and Salves to poor sick or wounded people, allowed in forma pauperis to require their assistance, who otherwise perish for want of timely and due helps.  
For erecting Colleges in London (as is done in Holland) where old men deprived of Wife and Children may for a reasonable sum of Money be neatly accommodated during life, with Diet and Lodging, and pass the rest of their days without care or trouble in a comfortable society with men of like condition and age. And the like for old Women.  
For erecting Colleges wherein Virgins and Widows of the Protestant Religion, resolving not to marry (as the Begains in Holland, Brabant, Flanders, etc.) may for a certain sum of money deposed, be maintained, and live in a retired virtuous and religious Society; their Teaching and Educating in Virtue and Piety the Female youth of this Nation (whereof there is now more need than ever) and such young Virgin-Scholars may there remain constantly till their marriage day, before which time very many by too much liberty are now corrupted and debauched: and that the said Virgins and Widows of the Society, may (with the forfeiture of the said Money deposed, and leave of their Visitor) be free to alter their resolutions, and quit the Society.  
For erecting in London a College de propaganda Fide (as our Adversaries have done at Rome) for propagating the Christian Reformed Religion amongst the Americans bordering on the English Plantations, (where it is shame to this Nation, that so few in the space of so many years have been converted to Christianity) and for that end to send from time to time persons fitly Gifted for a work so transcendently Pious: And because many excelling in the gift of Preaching, being now for their Nonconformity laid aside, do secretly occasion unlawful Conventicles, foment Schisms, and hold up the Faction, and thereby hazard the disturbance of this Church and State, that all they (not dissenting from the Doctrine of the English Church) may be encouraged by competent allowances out of the said public Stock, or commanded to Transport themselves thither within the space of one or two years.  
For buying in of Impropriations (a work not only worthy of a Parliament, but to the doing whereof, all the Parliaments since 27. H. 8. stand obnoxious (saith the learned Bacon) and bound in conscience to God) whereby the Church might enjoy her own again, the King's Revenue much increased by Tenths and First-Fruits, and the Cures of all those great and populous Parishes hitherto starved for want of Spiritual food be duly served, and the foul guilt of that abominable sin of Sacrilege taken off this Nation, and off the Protestant Religion. Provided, that no Impropriator shall take above 10 or 12 years' Purchase for any Impropriated Tithes, as the Custom usually hath been.  
For making some competent Provision (according to the practice of other Reformed Churches) for the poor Widows and Orphans of Clergymen, of whom God took special care in the Jewish Commonwealth, the Sons there being to inherit their Father's places, and the Daughters to be matched aswell as their Mothers: or else, as in other Christian Churches, utterly to forbid Marriage to all that shall be in Orders.  
Some other chargeable Proposals probably beneficial to this Nation, might be hereunto added by such as have made it their business to observe this and other civil Governments beyond the Seas; also some other ways and means of raising moneys without grieving the People, which is the quintessence of all State-policy; but let those be reserved for another occasion. Hereafter follow divers unchargeable Proposals that will require no cost or charges, but only the Humble petition of the two Houses of Parliament, and his Majesty's Royal Assent.  
XI. It is an ancient Maxim: Interest Reip. ut resua quisque bene utatur; It is the Interest of the Commonwealth, that every Subject should make a right use of his own Estate: wherefore amongst the Fundamental Laws of the Romans, those Laws of the twelve Tables, (observed by them almost as Sacredly as the Two Tables or Ten Commandments by the Jews) it is especially provided, That a Guardian should be set over the Person and Estate, not only of Madmen, but of all prodigal Persons: This Law hath been derived from them to all our neighbour-Nations, and enjoyed by them ever since they enjoyed Civility, even to this very day. To England only this Law is wanting, not that England is without such unreasonable Creatures; for it hath been observed that the English Nation is naturally as much addicted to prodigality as any Nation in Europe; the sad effects whereof are every day before our eyes; Wives that have brought great Estates, left poor needy Widows; Children of Noble and illustrious Families, brought to a morsel of bread, and to do base ignominious things, unworthy of their Noble Ancestors, and dishonourable to the very degrees of Honour which their Fathers purchased by their Merit, and maintained by their laudable Frugality. Where this forementioned Law is in use, the prodigal person is thus defined [Is qui neque modum neque finem habet in Expensis]. Any man being proved to be such is declared uncapable of managing his own Estate, or of making a Will, or of entering into Bond, or of being a Witness, etc. And thereupon a Guardian is put over him and his Estate, to allow him necessaries out of his own Estate, and to preserve the rest to his next Kindred. Now the King of England hath his Breve de Inquirendo de Idiota, and his Breve de Inquirendo de Furioso; and can any solid reason be produced why his Majesty should not have also his Breve de Inquirendo de Prodigo directed in like manner to the Escheater of the County to be tried by a Jury of twelve men? that so a general stop may be put to the wild expenses and extravagant profuseness of all English men, and more especially (as in Spain, because the Nobility is esteemed the chief and main support of Monarchy) that no Noble man shall have power to waste or alienate so much of his Ancestors Lands as may render him uncapable of serving his Prince and Country, or to bear the Port of a Noble man.  
XII. There is another Maxim [Interest Reipub. ut suprema hominum Testamenta rata habeantur secundum veram Testatoris Intentionem] It concerns the Commonwealth, that men's last Wills and Testaments should be ratified and executed according to the true meaning of the Testator; For this purpose was made the Statute of Charitable uses 43 of Q El. to provide against the imbezilling and misimployment of Moneys and Lands given to Charitable Uses, by giving power to the Bishop and his Chancellor, and to some other considerable persons, to issue out Commissions for enquiring and ordering the same.  
Nevertheless, by the neglect of some, and want of zeal in others, such Commissions are seldom desired, though perhaps not hardly obtained.  
Wherefore that by another Statute it may be provided, that every Bishop and his Chancellor (together with some other considerable persons, as is intimated in the forequoted Statute) within one year after each Bishop's Instalment, shall upon a high penalty purchase and execute such Commission throughout his Diocese.  
XIII. That according to the Institution of King Edward the First, our English Justinian, once every three year Justices the Trail Baston may be commissionated to make Inquisition through the Realm, by the verdict of substantial Juries, upon all Officers, Sheriffs, Mayors, Justices of Peace, Coroners, Escheators, Bailiffs, Constables, Jailers, etc. touching their Oppressions, Extortions, Briberies, Cheat; touching their Malegovernment and neglect of executing the good Laws respectively.  
XIV. That the Statutes of 12 Rich. 2. and 5 Ed. 6. against the sale of Offices, may be revived, that so Virtue and Wisdom, long experience and honesty, faithfulness and loyalty, may no longer be baffled and discouraged, by seeing itself vilified, and money preponderate all worth, and thereby Justice very oft sold, with divers other Inconveniences.  
XV. That provision by a Statute be made against that Unchristian, and more than barbarous custom and privilege of Wreccum Maris, never allowed by the Imperial Laws, or any neighbour Nation, and once banished out of England by an Act made 2 R. 1. that in case of Shipwreck, though all persons perished, yet that all the goods which escaped should be carefully preserved for the owners, or next of kin, if they come within a year and a day; only allowing something to those that helped to save the goods, and preserved them afterwards.  
XVI. That by a Law the Fees of Lawyers may be regulated according to the moderation of other well policed Countries, where usually is given but a third or fourth part of what is expected in England. And that if any Lawyer presume to take more than the Fees by Law allowed, he may be rendered uncapable to practise any more, and forfeit fourfold of what he hath so taken, as is provided by the Civil Laws.  
XVII. That as in the reign of Edward the Second, the number of Attorneys was regulated and 140 declared to be sufficient to serve this whole Kingdom; so now that the number of Lawyers and Attorneys may be regulated, and some things in their Plead reform. What a shame to our Nation is it, that so many evil and rapacious Lawyers should be permitted to plead in behalf of vicious persons, and of manifest oppressors, and in causes notoriously unjust; should be permitted to make a trade not to minister Justice, but to heap up riches, and devour all the fat of the Land.  
XVIII. That provision may be made to mitigate all such Laws which by the change of things and times are now become over severe and rigorous, much beyond the intent of the Lawmakers. As that stealing to the value of 12 d. should still be Felony, whereas when that Law was first made, what was then sold for 12 d. (which (when the ounce of Silver was but 20 d.) was as much as 3 s. now) is now sold for above 40 s; for in 51 of K. H. 3. eight Bushels of wheat was then sold but for 12 d; so that the man that stole but seven Bushels committed but petty Larceny, whereas now he that steals but a Peck may be found guilty of Felony (unless the Jury will forswear themselves, as commonly they do, and bring in Eleven pence stolen when sometimes it is Eleven shillings) as if the life of Man in our days were of a smaller and viler price than in those days. So in the time of H. 2. the stealing of Oxen and Horses were counted inter minuta furta, which Lawyers call Parvum Latrocinium, or Petty Larceny. Now why should the body of Man, that Divinae imaginis vehiculum be destroyed for trifles? why should Christians now be more cruel than the Jews, or than Christians in former ages? for in the middle ages of Christianity Paenarum ratio in multis potius quam in sanguine & necesita fuit. They them allowed a compensation even for killing of a man called Wergeld, quasi viri moneta sive praetium, which was with great justice paid partly to the King for the loss of his Subject, and partly to the Lord whose Vassal the slain party was, but especially to the next Kindred of the person slain; and this custom seemed to derive itself from Moses Law. Exod. 21. 30. Our Ancestors in this Kingdom before they were Christians had this Custom, then thinking it against reason, that when one man was killed, and the King thereby had lost a subject, that another should be put to death, and so the King lose another subject, and the Kindred of the slain no way recompensed for their loss, as now is used: And after they were converted to Christianity, and did believe that penitent Christians went to Heaven, they thought it more against reason, when a man was slain, to send the penitent manslayer forthwith from this miserable world to a place of everlasting bliss, but rather that he should by a corporal or pecuniary mulct be made miserable in this life, it being much more suitable to the ends of Government, that a criminal should live in perpetual ignominy, slavery or misery, rather than be taken quite away, because a living condemned wretched Criminal will be a spectacle in others eyes, will in time be convinced of his Crime, will justify his Judge, and continually repent his own folly. And therefore, even since the Norman Conquest for Treason, or foul Felonies, the guilty were oft condemned to have their eyes pulled forth, or their Testicles cut out, that there might be no more of the breed, or else that their hands or feet should be chopped off, that so each foul Felon might remain truncus vivus as a living monument of his Felonious fact, for deterring others, and have time to bewail his own sins and misery: But because in England too much severity is used against Theft, and yet not enough to restrain it sufficiently; and because the wisdom of Prevention is better than the wisdom of remedy;  
XIX. That to prevent Thievery, the like course may be taken in England which is used in Holland, especially in that most populous City of Amsterdam, where (as God commanded the Jews Deut. 15. 4.) Non est Indigens, nec Mendicus inter illos, & benedicit illis Dominus: There is not a Beggar amongst so many hundred thousand: To effect which they do three things, they take especial Order that all Youth be bred up, not only in the knowledge of God, but of some Trade or Profession: They provide work for all sorts of People; and Thirdly, they compel all such as are not willing to work. By this policy, in Holland it is rate to see an Execution for Robbery; and yet if a man could but see at once all the Criminals, Young and Old, Male and Female that have been hanged in England in one year only for stealing; what Horror and Amazement it would strike, and how would a Hollander justly blame the policy of this State, for Non minus turpia sunt Principi multa supplicia, quam Medico multa funera.  
XX. That for redressing those high Crimes (so accounted by all God's people heretofore, though now in England little conscience is made thereof) of wilfully robbing God or the King; the one in his Tithes, and the other in his Tributes, Customs or Revenues; it may be made absolute Felony for the future, and very severe punishment inflicted, as it is now in other Country's, and was anciently in this Kingdom.  
To cozen the King but of Treasure Trove was anciently (as affirmeth Glanvile and Bracton) an offence punished with death. And 31 of Eliz. it was judged meet by the whole Parliament to make it Felony for any man to embezil but the worth of Twenty shillings of the Ammunition or Victuals provided by the Queen for her Soldiers.  
XXI. That, according to the Law of God, according to Christian Clemency, Gentleness and Mercy, according to the Laws of other Christian States, and according to the ancient Laws and Customs of this State; no person hereafter may for any new Debt be cast in prison, but rather that his Estate may be seized, and the person left at liberty to work himself out of Debt by his Industry, Trade or Profession: to which end, if Creditors did proceed only by Summons, after which legally served at the Debtors House, and no appearance made, then presently proceed to have a Judgement against the Debtor, as if he had appeared, and then to Execution; and thereupon, to seize not his person but Estate; and in case he hath no Estate, yet to forbear, till by his industry he hath gotten somewhat: for imprisonment is not only too severe a punishment of the Body, a torment of the Mind, a dying daily, a loss of Reputation, and alienation of Friends, a separation from Wife and Children▪ and a great occasion of being ever after debauched and dishonest; but it is also clearly against the Creditors profit and advantage; for the Debtor being cast in prison, must there lie at much more charges then at home, and yet find less opportunity to work or earn any thing, which makes him commonly hold faster what is in his hands, which else he would have parted with towards the satisfaction of his Debts, and endeavoured by his Work or Trade to have maintained himself and Family. Besides, by imprisoning the body of a Debtor, the State loseth a Member, which at liberty, or compelled to work, might be of some use.  
XXII. That some Provision be made (according as is excellently provided by the Civil Law) against that Unchristian Custom of arresting the body of a deceased Debtor, or of any his Relations, whilst they accompany the body to the Grave. Also against that vexatious and superstitious custom of stopping any dead body in its passage through any Town or Lordship, and demanding some Fee or Toll for the same, before the body pass further on.  
XXIII. That the Admiralty, and all Ecclesiastical and Civil Law Courts may enjoy their due Jurisdictions, That those Jurisdictions may be declared and known, that so no man (when he hath brought his suit almost to a Trial) may by a Prohibition be constrained to begin all again in a new Court, to his horrible vexation, expenses and charges.  
XXIV. That according to the ancient Custom of this and all other Christiain States, all Ecclesiastical Judges may have a power to proceed Ex Officio; That way of Enquiry being exceeding necessary for correcting of vice and sin which otherwise will daily go unpunished: Insomuch that by the Civil Law it is called Nobile Judicis Officium, and was never opposed but by the Factious Puritanical part of England, out of design to disturb the English Church Government; such enquiry and proceeding Ex Officio without an Accuser, but only upon public fame, strong Presumption, etc. being approved by sundry examples of Scripture, as well as by all Canon, Civil, and Common Laws.  
It is true, that by the Constitutions at Common Law it hath not been held fit that any person should be examined upon Oath against himself touching a Crime, whereby his Life, or any of his Limbs may be endangered; and the reason is, for fear of occasioning Perjury, because most men probably would rather hazard an untrue Oath, (although no good Christian ought so to do) then either their Lives or their Limbs. But yet in Criminal matters, not Capital, handled in Chancery, the Oath of the party is required against himself: only there is an Accuser, and an Accusation of Bill of Complaint, and not a mere insinuation of fame, as in the proceeding ex Officio sometimes. But than it is to be considered that the Complainant, to find out the truth, may stuff his Bill full of Lies, because he is not sworn to the Truth of the Bill, as the Defendant is to the Truth of his Answer; And what is this less than the proceeding Ex Officio, when the Defendant is forced in his Answer (which is always upon Oath) to accuse himself. Besides, in dangerous Crimes against the Person of the King, or Peace of the Kingdom, it hath always been held necessary and lawful Policy, to torture such persons against whom good probabilities and strong presumptions lie, to make them confess, although it be capital against themselves and others in the highest degree: And is it not of as great equity in high Crimes against the King of Heaven and Earth, and in Crimes of no less secrecy, as Atheism, Apostasy, Adultery, Incest, etc. to use the means of the Parties Oath, especially where no Capital, no Corporal punishment is intended, but only a fatherly and spiritual correcting and reforming of the Party for his souls health? Moreover the proceeding Ex Officio, is not (as many vainly imagine) only the ministering of an Oath to the suspected party against himself in a Cause Criminal; for there may be proceeding Ex Officio Judicis, though, the Oath be not at all urged; nay, sometimes it may not be urged, as in case of Life or Limb endangered thereby.  
Now if there should be in England no means for an Ecclesiastical Judge to take cognizance, nor to proceed but upon the voluntary prosecution and accusation of some party, how many execrable offences most displeasing to God Almighty, scandalous to the Godly, dangerous to men's Inheritances, and to the souls health of the offenders; yea, some that are the very bane of all Religion and Christianity, would through want of discovery, and by impunity, in a few years spread themselves over this whole Church and State before any Accusers will be found? As Atheism, Apostasy from Christianity, Heresy, Schism, Errors in matters of Religion, Sacrilege, Perjury, Blasphemy, Subornation of Perjury, Swearing, Polygamy, Adultery, Incest, and other Uncleanness, Drunkenness, excessive Usury, Simony, Forgery, Usurpation of the Holy Ministry, Conventicles, ungodly Libelling, and many other abuses: For who commonly are privy to such sins, but men of like humour and affection, who can never be presumed to be likely to accuse, but rather to conceal such horrid offenders; and therefore since that power of thus proceeding was by that most pernicious overruling Faction in the Long Parliament extorted from the Church; How have all those formentioned Impieties, like a general Deluge, overwhelmed the Manners of English men?  
XXV. That it may by a Law be provided (according to the practice of other well-policed States) that an obstinate debauched Son may be punished by the Magistrate as the Father shall reasonably require, and that in some certain Cases, (as is ordained by the Imperial Laws) Liberi a potestate patria liberati in potestatem redigantur, ut si fuerint ingrati vel insignitèr injuriosi in parents suos, etc.  
XXVI. That no man, till he attain to the age of 25, (according to the Custom of our Southern Neighbours where men are sooner ripe) may be enabled to sell or alienate his Lands, considering that in England very many Estates have been most foolishly spent and sold, after the age of 21. which by the same persons, arriving to their Wits before 25. would have been preserved.  
XXVII. That (according to the Policy of William the Conqueror for assuring of Peace and Concord) no man of any considerable Estate, who was in actual Rebellion against the former or present King, may be permitted to match their Sons and Daughters (as they now do) to those of their own Tribe and Faction, thereby entailing Nonconformity and Faction, and perpetuating an impious hatred against the present Government of Church and State.  
XXVIII. That to take off the present continual charge of Foot and Horse in constant pay, and yet assure peace amongst us, that most excellent and politic Law may be revived called Visus Franci Plegii whereby all men under the degree of Gentry and Clergy, may stand obliged to find Sureties for their Loyalty toward the King; and those Sureties to be bound to find each man of their Pledge to be forth coming within 31 days, or else to satisfy for his offence; and that all persons who cannot find such Sureties, may be imprisoned or banished. This Custom was by our Ancestors so highly approved, that by Bracton it is called Res quasi Sacra quia solam personam Regis respicit & introductus fuit pro pace & communi utilitate Regni. And in case this should not be assented unto; then considering that the King must necessarily be at the continual charge of armed men to bridle the proud disloyal humour of all those sons of Belial, who obstinately refuse Conformity to the Government established, that they all, in all Taxes may be obliged to pay double, if not to defray the whole charges, which they themselves occasion.  
XXIX. That Repeal may be made of that unnatural Law of punishing the Innocent in case he fly: for if a man be accused of a capital Crime and perceiving the power and malice of his Enemy, and the often, and corruption, and partiality of some Judge, should run away for fear of the event, and afterwards be taken and brought to a legal Trial, and there making it sufficiently appear that he was not guilty of the Crime, is thereof acquitted; yet shall he be by our Law condemned to lose his Goods. It is true, that a written Law may forbid Innocents' to fly, but that flying, for fear of injury should (after a man is absolved of a Crime judicially) be taken for presumption of Gild, is contrary to the nature of a presumption, which ought to have no place after Judgement given.  
XXX. That for the poor who are ashamed to discover their Poverty, and to declare their wants, there may be yearly appointed Commissioners or Overseers (according to that Excellent custom in Holland) to go to their Houses, and there privately to inform themselves of their necessities and condition of life, and to take care for a private Relief before they are constrained to beg or do worse.  
XXXI. That for the great use and benefit of the Poor, and the more convenient distribution of the Charity of the Rich, there may be (according to the present custom of all other civilised Countries) coined by the King (and not by Victuallers and Retailers) a sufficient quantity of Farthings and half Farthings, and those made of such Metal that it may be no loss to the King, no profit for others to counterfeit them; and that they may be made of such a bigness, that they may not be apt to be lost, nor yet burdensome to carry; all which is done in divers other Country's.  
XXXII. That according to the wisdom of our Ancestors, and the custom of the most civilised Nations, some sumptuary Laws may be made, whereby the great Excess, especially in the inferior sort of English, may be restrained, and most Degrees and Orders may be discerned by their Habit or Port, as now in the Universities and amongst the Clergy is partly done.  
XXXIII. That as in the Courts at Westminster, so much more in the highest Court of England; all Parliament men whilst they attend on the Parliament may be obliged upon high penalties to wear a Robe or Vestment becoming their respective Persons, and the Gravity and Authority of the English Parliament of Great Counsel of England (as all the Nobility and Gentry both young and old who have right to sit in the Great Counsel at Venice, and all the Roman Senators did anciently and do at this day) that so they may every where be discerned and receive their due respect, and be ashamed to be seen frequently in Playhouses, Dicing-houses, Cockpits, Taverns or Houses of worse repute; or to be Nightwalkers, etc. And during their attendance on Parliament if they be found in such places and ways out of their Robe or Vestment, then to lose their wont Protection from Arrests according to that saying [God giveth his Angel's charge over us to keep us, whilst we are in our ways] but out of our way; no protection of this Angels to be expected.] Let no man here object that Parliament men ought rather to wear their swords, which suit not with Robes or Gowns, because the Writ to the Sheriff runs for to choose duos Milites gladiis cinctos, for the meaning thereof is two Knights dubbed, which in those days was done by girding on a sword: but it was ever expected, and sometimes especially commanded that they should attend on Parliament a Counsel of Peace gladiis discincti, and their Robes then will be sufficient Guard for their persons as well in England, as it is now in other Country's.  
XXXIV. That as the Coins, so the Weights and Measures both wet and dry may be (according to Magna Charta and 14. Edw. 3.) exactly alike all over England, as it is carefully provided in other Country's.  
XXXV. That most, if not all eatable things exposed to sale in the Market as well as in Shops, may be sold by weight, (as is done in Spain) and also may weekly or monthly be Rated (as Bread in Cities) by the Magistrates or Officers sworn so to do.  
XXXVI. That, (according to the good Policy of Italy) all Taverns, Inns, Alehouses, Victualling-houses, may be obliged to have a printed Table hang publicly of the Prices of all such things as they are wont or allowed to sell to Guests.  
XXXVII. That no Vintner, Innkeeper, Ale-seller, victualler or Malster, may in any Corporation be entrusted with the Execution of those Laws which may any ways prejudice their profit.  
XXXVIII. That to reduce servants to their pristine and due humility, diligence, frugality, faithfulness and obedience, a Law be made that no Servant shall be henceforth received into any other service without a Testimonial under the Hands and Seals of their former Master or Mistress, that they are competently endowed with all those qualities forementioned.  
XXXIX. That (according to the excellent policy of the Romans) there may be appointed some persons of the best Rank and Quality, both in City and Country to Censores Morum, for reforming of Manners, to be furnished with a power to inquire into men's lives, to take notice if any man neglect his Farm, Trade or Profession; and how he otherwise maintaineth himself.  
XL. That special Provision be made for executing all our good Laws enacted for the increase of Tillage, where more people may be set on work, and they rendered more strong and stout for service of their Country against an Enemy. And likewise the Laws made for increase of Fishing, whereby more people may be fitted for Sea-service, whereof this Kingdom surrounded almost with the Sea will ever have special occasion.  
XLI. That according to the good Policy of our Ancestors, all the married Nobility and Gentry of England (without special leave of his Majesty to do otherwise) may be obliged to keep house in the Country, every one at his own Manerium, so named, a Manendo of abiding there, Vt semper presto essent ad Servitia Regis & Patriae per implenda, to be ready there to serve his King and Country, and by a laudable Hospitality to gain the affections and dependences of the Peasantry.  
XLII. That according to ancient Canons of the Church, and according to divers other Reformed Churches, and according to the custom of the Primitive Christians, no dead body may be hereafter interred in any Church, especially in London, or the Suburbs thereof, but either in some Vault or else in the Churchyard, or rather in some decent enclosed place without the City. To bury in Churches is to the dead but a superstitious custom first brought in by the Franciscan and Dominican Friars about the year One thousand one hundred, when Superstition was almost at the height, invented to get Money, persuading the people that to be buried within the Church, or near the High Altar was more available to their souls: and to the Living it is not only chargeable but most unwholesome, that so many putrified Carcases should be so near under their Noses all the time of their Devotion.  
XLIII. That as all Clergymen are by Common Law exempted from all inferior Offices, as Bailiff, Bedel, Constable, etc. to serve neither per se nec per alium, to the end that they may attend their function; so that they may (according to mere reason, and according to a Statute 8. H. 4 num. 12. in the unprinted Parliament Rolls) be exempted from arraying and mustering of Men or Horse for the War: For their Glebe Lands, and Spiritual Revenues being held in Pura & perpetua Eleemosyna. i e. in Frank Almoyne, aught by Magna Charta to be exempted from all such burdens. And as for their persons, they serve their Country otherwise, and for that service ought to be counted worthy (as well, if not better than the Levites of old) of their Spiritual Profits and Revenues, and also worthy of the King's Protection, not only for their Service, but also in that they pay to the King the first years Profits, and every year the Tenth of all Spiritual Benefices. Besides the Clergy being by their Function prohibited to wear swords, may neither serve in person, nor can be capable of any Honour, as Knighthood usually conferred on Warriors.  
XLIV. That as nullum tempus occurrit Regi, no Custom nor prescription may be pleaded to the prejudice of the King; so also with much more reason, that no Custom nor Prescription may be pleaded to the prejudice of the King of kings: That all Compositions or Customs of paying a little money for a great Tithe may be every where abrogated, and all Tithes taken again in kind, or a new Composition according to the present value, which is but justice and more concerns this Parliament to do for the Church than it concerned the Parliament 18 of Eliz. to do for Colleges by obliging their Tenants to pay onethird part of their old Rent in Corn.  
XLV. That all Lands anciently belonging to the Knights, Templars, Hospitallers, of St. John of Jerusalem, or to the Order of Cistercian Monks, which by Popish dispensation were anciently exempted from paying Tithes, may de novo be obliged as all other Lands in England to pay Tithes; at least all those Lands given to those Orders since the time they were so exempted, as by all Law and Justice they ought to do.  
XLVI. That our Ecclesiastical Officers, as Chancellors, Commissaries, Officials, etc. may be in Holy Orders as the Canonists and modern Legists in the Romish Church, are for the most part; that so neither the Romanists on one hand, nor Presbiterians on the other, may have so much reason to except against them in the matter of Excommunication, as executed by Lay Hands: Vtcunque illi non assumunt clavium potestatem sed tantummodo poenam Canonis declarant & infligunt ob contumaciam.  
XLVII. That Registers may be settled in every Hundred, or in every County at least, and all Lands and Houses may be entered into that Book, and therein all Alienations to be set down in Alphabetical Order, and none to be authentic if not there entered, that so no man hereafter may be cheated by a Premorgage or any other way, but that all men may be satisfied in what they possess, and what they may call their own.  
XLVIII. That as among the Jews whereby immediate Divine appointment, the chief Clergy man Aaron was Brother to the Supreme Magistrate Moses and the Priests, and the Levites were all of Noble stock: and as amongst Christians even here in England anciently, and at this day in foreign Christian States, the chief Clergy have been oft of Noble and sometimes Royal blood, and the ordinary Priests usually sons of the Gentry, whereby they come to be more highly Honoured, and their just Authority better obeyed; so now in England, that the two Archbishops may be (if possible) of the Highest, Noble (if not Royal) blood of England, and all the Bishops of Noble blood, and the inferior Priests, sons of the Gentry, and not (after the example of that wicked Rebel Jeroboam, and our late Republicans) to make Priests of the lowest of the People, whilst Physic and Law, Professions inferior to Divinity, are generally embraced by Gentlemen, and sometimes by persons Nobly descended, and preferred much above the Divines Profession.  
XLIX. That as in the Universities, all Heads of Colleges (if their Founder's intentions were rightly observed) and all Fellows of Colleges are obliged communi jure so long as they hold those places to abstain from Marriage and the carnal knowledge of Women, so in the Church, that not only Archbishops and Bishops, but all others that take any Ecclesiastical Benefice, may by a Statute be obliged so long as they hold those Benefices to abstain in like manner; and as without a Dispensation no man can hold two Benefices with Cure of Souls, so no beneficed man should take a wife without either Dispensation (in some few cases to be allowed) or resigning his Benefice. To say they cannot abstain, or shall be occasioned for want of Wives to do worse; all Fellows of Colleges, who commonly there pass the very heat of their Youth, might with much more reason plead the same, and yet would be derided for their pains. By which abstinence the Clergy would be enabled to be much more hospitable and charitable, and so better beloved, they would live with more gravity and decency, and so more feared, they might then far better attend their Studies and Cure of Souls, and so be able to give up a better account at last.  
L. That, according to the good Policy of Q. Elizabeth, the Chancellors or Vice-Chancellours of both our Universities may be obliged to deliver the King every fourth of fifth year a just, true and impartial List of all the eminent and hopeful Students, especially those of the Civil Law, to set down punctually their Names, Colleges, Stand and Faculty, wherein they did or were likely to excel; that so when any occasion should be to send an Ambassador abroad, the King might nominate him an Associate, a Secrecary or Chaplain; and when any preferment fit for persons of an Accademical Education should fall, the King might make choice of the person.  
LI. That all Advousons' of England, not now in the Crown, may be all bought in at reasonable values, and settled for ever upon the Crown, that so all Rectors of Parishes (as well as Bishops, Deans and prebend's) may have their dependence on the King's bounty only, (as all the Clergy in some Reformed Churches now have) and not on any mean, covetous, illiterate, factious, heterodox, symoniacal or sacrilegious Patron; by which one means all the English Clergy would soon become Loyal and Orthodox, of one mind, and of one Lip; the whole English Church would flourish in a perfect Unity, and a beautiful Uniformity, and God would then delight to dwell amongst us,  
LII. That (since divers known Jews are by His Majesty's Princely Clemency permitted again to inhabit in this Kingdom) some good Laws (according to the wisdom of His Majesty's Predecessors, and the present practice of other well-policed Christian Dominions) may be enacted in order both to the Christians safety, and the Jews Salvation. It was the ancient Law of England, as appears in Fleta, that a Christian, whether man or woman, that married with a Jew, should be burnt alive.  
In Italy, by express Law of all Jews (even in those places where they are freely permitted to dwell) are made uncapable to bear any office or dignity in the State, nor to take any degree in the University, or to be seen in public without a distinct mark to be discerned from all Christians, nor erect any new Synagogues, nor circumcise any not born of a Jew, nor take to wife a Christian, nor impugn the Christian Doctrine, nor to take into their Family a Christian to serve as a Servant, or as a Nurse, nor to be admitted a witness against any Christian, nor be seen abroad on the day of our Saviour's Passion, nor to take any Usury of Christians. Also that every Saturday Afternoon, they shall be obliged to send one out of each Family of the Jews to a Christian Sermon appointed for them only, to the end that they may be converted to the Christian Faith, or at least be convinced of the Truth informed of the reasonableness thereof, above and beyond all other Religions in the world.  
LIII. That by an Act of Parliament, or by a Canon of the Convocation, the computation of the Church of England, at present erroneous and defective, may for the future be rendered more regular and perfect. For in the Julian or English Account, (by reason of the no allowance made for almost eleven minutes every year since the year of Christ 532.) the year with all its Festivals hath been brought back about ten days, and thereby caused a notable absurdity, more especially in the observation of the Feast of Easter, (which for Antiquity and Authority yields not (as Learned Christians affirm) to our Sunday or Lords day) for whereas by the Primitive institution, after a long and hot contention between the Eastern and Western Churches; about the time only of observing Easter, that Feast was at length by Decree of a general Council ordered to be observed for ever on the Sunday following, the First Full Moon after the Vernal Equinox, (and not on the day of the said Full Moon, as the Jews ever have observed their Passover) now according to the Church of England, there falls sometimes two Full Moons between the Vernal Equinox and Easter-day: Nay, (which is too great an absurdity to be suffered in any Christian Church) two Easters will sometimes be observed in one year, and none in the next. As in this very year of 1667. one Easter hath already been observed on the 7th of April last passed, and before our Church begins to write 1668. that is to say before the 25 of March next, there will happen another Easter, viz. upon the 22 of March next; and then from the 25th of March 1668. to the 25th of March 1669. there will not any Easter at all be observed in England, according to the present Rule, whereby is guided the English Computation.  
FINIS.