Imprimatur  


Jo. Clerk, Praeses,  
Fran. Prujean, Censor  
Guliel. Rant. Censor.  
Geo. Ent. Censor,  
Jo. Micklethwaite Censor.     

Mellificium Chirurgiae. OR THE MARROW OF Many good AUTHORS.  
WHEREIN Is briefly and faithfully handled The Art of Chirurgery, in its four parts, with all the several diseases unto them belonging. Their Definitions, Causes, Signs, Prognostics, and Cures, both general, and particular.  
AS ALSO An Appendix, wherein is methodically set down, the Cure of th●se affects usually happening at Sea, and in Camp, with others necessary to be known.  
AND LASTLY, An Addition of several Magistral Receipts, approved, & heretofore kept secret.  
Gathered first for private use, and now put forth for public benefit, by JAMES COOK Lover of Physic and Chirurgery.  
Printed at London for Samuel Cartwright, at the sign of the Hand and Bible in Ducklane. M DC XL VIII.   

TO THE Right Honourable Francis Lord Brooke, Baron Brook of Beauchamp-Court.  
Right Honourable,  
WAs I not fully persuaded of that Christ-like spirit, residing in your bosom, which was supereminent in your thrice honoured deceased Father, and now remaining in the Right Honourable your Lady mother, to accept of small things, from service reallized, presented. I durst not have presumed, to have prefixed your noble name to so worthless a piece, much less have craved acceptation of it. But that candour and sweetness hath, as, emboldened me to pray acceptance, so, encouraged me to beg patronage, of the poor and first labours of your humble servant.  
This, myself, and all I do enjoy, though it were ten thousand times more, could not in the lest measure, if subjected to your commands, be a sufficient testimony of my thankfulness, for the lest of those many high favours, by which I am obliged to your noble Family.  
Should I go to particularise, I might be voluminous, and that being done, yet not be satisfactory, either in respects to worths, or my own affections, which would ever be putting me on to do more and better.  
But not to trouble your Lordship any longer; what I have, or may be wanting in tenders of service, shall be faithfully improved at the Throne of Grace for your eternal happiness.  
Thus supplicating for pardon of boldness, and passing by of failings. As it was my honour to be servant and Chirurgeon to your Noble Parents, so I humbly petition to subscribe myself, Your Honours,  
Most humbly devoted, in all duty, JA. COOK.   

To the Reader.  
IT may be accounted presumption by some, for him that is least able, and most unworthy, to put himself to public view of those who are better proficients, and more renowned in this noble Art. Let such know one talon is called for improvement of, as well as ten; and as gifts are received, so they are to be distributed, especially for public advantage. He knows this age is learned, and acute, its matter of his rejoicing; God discovers himself so liberally, knowing if this fall into the hands of those whose parts, though high flown, be spiritualised, he doubts not, but they will be ready to pity failings, and lovingly admonish, which shall be most cordially and thankfully received. If otherwise they be improved to scorn and contemn, he mourns for that miscarriage, and prays hearty that they may be sanctified.  
The rest he hath to say is this, as what is Printed, was for no private, but public ends and advantage; so it's to his poor ability, faithfully performed by him who though he desires to be sheltered in God, and live above both the praise and dispraise of men, yet requests leave to acknowledge himself unworthy,  
J. C.   

To the young Chirurgeon.  
Brother,  
BY way of preface, to discover the excellency of this Art, would be needless, the utility of it I hope thou wilt find by putting in practice, what is presented. It's a piece, providence put me upon some few years before our late intestine broils, for help of memory, and to be a companion to converse withal in spare hours, when abroad Which ends hath been doubly answered by the falling of such times, wherein such bloody work hath been in the Kingdom, which though unhappy otherways, yet by continual practice I, and consequently it hath been advantaged. For my own part, besides the benefit by it received, the methodizing of it, with addition of some observations and medicaments, experienced I claim no interest in it. The Title page and Table will discover what is therein contained, which I hope will be satisfactory the rather, method in it being plain, brief, easy, yet full. I hope so fare as God hath enabled me to see my own heart, neither applause, gain, nor other selfe-advantage, was the end of publishing, but mainly, the glory of God, and the help of those that stand in need, I have heard (in marches) complaints that Authors already extant though good, were, as too great to be constant companions, so of too great a price to lose: both which I hope will be removed by this. I have endeavoured so to suit it both for sea and land, that the young beginner need for it, be neither troubled with chest or portmanteau. For further encouragement receive a catalogue of the Authors from whom collected, English, D. Read, Parry, Mr. Woodal, Low. Latin, Sennertus, Zacutus Lusit, Hildanus, Ab Aquapendente, Schenkius, Horstius, Carolus Piso, Paracelsus, Hartmanus, Beguinus, Frambesarius, Fernelius, Minsicht, Poterus, Forestus, Guido, Fontanonus, Pigraeus, Stockerus, Hollerius, Rulandus, Platerus, Wierus, aventinus, Querceianus, Riverius, Fontanus, Beverovicius, & Johnstonus. Which last may excuse me for epitomizing, though others works, besides thou hast thesecrets of practitioners, whose names are worthy to be mentioned, and should; if it were not for fear of offending them, they came unexpectedly to my hands, and are as freely set out forty benefit. Thus thou seest what hath been my labour and care for thy profit. If it be accepted of in good part by any, it shall be thankfully acknowledged current satisfaction: and indeed for the gain of such it is I have compiled it. As for other, though juniors in the profession that think themselves so perfect, that they need no help, or having been taught by others, instead of thankfulness, throw dirt in their faces: let them lay this down as being not intended for them, till they learn more humility, and better manners. One thing more I shall beg of thee, that as God hath called thee out to be instrumental to cure the distempers of others bodies, so have regard to thy immortal soul, and look to those wounds wherein thou mayest receive curing for thy better part: study humility, sobriety and chastity, the contrary vices of the two latter with swearing and cursing, being looked upon as the epidemical sins reigning in the Artists, as also in the Nation, for which may be expected a sharper depth cutting sword than yet we have felt, and that feared, will end in ruin: give me leave to set down what is writ for our learning, which the Lord set home effectually by his spirit to thine, and my soul, to be both a curing and preventing remedy as there is occasion, 1 Cor. 6.9.10. Know ye not that the unrighteous shall not inherit the Kingdom of God, be not deceived, neither fornicators, nor Idolaters, nor Adulterers, nor Effeminate, nor abusers of themselves with mankind, nor thiefs, nor covetous, nor drunkards, nor revilers, nor extortioners shall inherit the Kingdom of God. To conclude, it is my earnest desire to enjoy the prayers of those who are interested in Christ; which shall (God inableing) be answered with earnest breathe for thy eternal happiness by him who desires to be accounted a brother, though unworthy.  
Ja. Cook. WARWICK March 1. 1647.   

Ad JACOBUM COOKUM Authorem, Epigramma.  
LAudandi multùm medici, celeberrime Cook,  
Qui varios doctos composuere libros.  
In quibus omne genus morborum gnaviter arcent,  
Et variis servant corpora sana modis.  
Nec minus intereà (quae virtus laude vehenda est)  
Evehimus reliquos compare laude viros,  
Qui divina inventa solent Chirurgica, doctam  
Colligere in methodum sedulitate pari.  
In quorum numero cum sis gnarissime Cook,  
O vir Apollinei spes opulenta chori,  
Solvere grata tibi meritae praeconia laudis  
Nos decet, ob pulchrae sedulitatis opus  
Cuncta arcana simul quae tu Chirurgica pandis,  
Quae Pater Hypocrates, quaeque Galenus habet.  
Quaeque Aesculapius tenet, ac Avicenna, Machâon,  
Et Mesue, medici fulgida gemma chori.  
Quaeque alii tradunt nostro qui tempore florent,  
Quique creant doctos arte recente libros;  
 quasi mille bonos Chirurgos codice parvo  
Exhibeas; (donum nobile, dulce bonum)  
Quem quiounque leges, animi cum fruge salutem  
Authori grata ment precare tuo.  
Sin minùs, hoc saltem venia dignare, quod illis  
Succurat, quàm tu, qui minus artis habent.  
W. G.   

Art of Chirurgery.  


PART. I. SECT. I.  
Tumours in general. pag. 2. By venomous beasts biting 7. Phlegmon under it. 12. Panicula 15. Phyma ibidem. Furunculus ibid. Erysipelas under it 16. Herpes' Miliaris, Exedens 18. Oedema 19 Scirrhus 21. Tumour Aquosus 23. Flatulentus 25  

Particular Tumours.  
Hydrocephalos 26. Polypus 27. Parotis 30. Tonsillarum 31. Angina 32. Wulae cum dolore & relaxat. 34. Tumour & inflammation of the ears with pain 36. Anchylops 37. Ranula 38. Aneurisma 40. Paronychia 41. Tumour in the knees 42. Scrotum 43. Perniones 44.    

Sect. II.  
Ulcers in general 45. Ulcers Plain 50. Compound, Hollow 51. Sinuous ibid. Fistula's in general, 55. Particular, as Lacrimalis 61. Breast 64. Wherein is handled Hectic fever 68 Marasmus 66. Back 71. Belly 72. Joints 74. Anus 73. Malign Ulcers 75. as Herp. Exedens 76. Phagedaena and Nome 79. Cancer 81. Ulcers with proud flesh 84. Corruption of the bones 86. Discolourations 87. Varicous, Verminous 89. and lousy ulcers 90. Particular ulcers, as Anchor, Favus 91. Tinea 93. of the Ears, Eyes 94. Oph halmia 95. of Cornea 98. Ozaena, Polypus 99 Ulcers of the mouth 100  101. Tongue ibid. Almonds, Throat 102. Back 103. Joints, Thighs, Legs 104. Feet 105.   

Sect. III.  
Wounds in general 105. As Staying blood 107. Removing extraneous bodies and ease pain 109. Convulsion, 116. Palsy 120. Wounds of poisoned weapons 124. Bites of mad dogs 126. Gunshot 128 Wounds of the head in general 134. Temporal Muscles 140. Contusions wounds 142. with, 144 without 147 Fractures in old and young 148. Fractures simple 151. Compound 153. In the contrary part 155. Wounds of the meanings and brain 158. Concussion, 162 Fungus 163.  

Tumour.  
Particular wounds of the eyelids 164. Lips 165. Ears 166. Nose ibid. Tongue 167. Throat 168 Windepipe 170. Gullet ibid. Back bone 171. Breast 172. Heart ibid. Lungs 173. Midrif ibid. Vessels ibid. Belly 177. Stomach 179. Guts 180. Liver 181. Spleen 182. Kidneys 183. Bladder 184. Yard 185. Womb 185. Nerves ibid. Joints. 187.    

Sect. IU.  
Fractures in general with, without a wound particular, As Jaws 194. Collar 195. Shoulder blade 197. Breast bone ibid. Ribs 198. back bone 200. Rump 201. Hip 202. Whirlebone ibid. Arms and Legs under the general hand 203. Feet ibid.   

Sect. V  
Disloc. in general, 204. In particular, as Jaws, etc. 207. As in Fractures. Atrophia 217. Gibbosities 219. Burn and Scalding 221. Ecchymosis 223. Gangreen 225.    

Part. II.  
To separate parts unnaturally joined, 234. As the Eyelids of themselves, or to the adnata 235. Gions ibid. Tongue-tied 237. Ears 238. Distortion or Wry-necke 239. Yard 241. Vulva 242. Fundament 243. Finger and Toes. 244.   


Part. III. Sect. I  
To remove things superfluous 245. As extraction of a child dead or alive 247. Mole 252. Secundine 253. Bringing women to bed 255. Caesarean birth 259. Symptoms 261. As tearing the Vulva into Anus 261 Wrinkling of the belly 262. Dry up milk 262. Tumours in the Breast, swelling of the Feet. 264   

Sect. II.  
Bronchocele 286. Hernia umbilicalis 291. Intestinalis, Epiplocele 293 Hydrocele 302. Cirsocele 306. Hunoralis 307. Any procidentia 308. Vteri Procidentia 310.   

Sect. III.  
Amputation in the sound 314. Putrid part 320. Extirpation of Cancers 323. as in Breast, Lips, etc. 330   

Sect. IU.  
Phlebotomy 331. Arteriotomy 336 Cupping glasses 337. Leeches 338.   

Sect. V  
Wens, Ganglion 341. Atheroma 344. Melicera 345. Steatoma ibid. Hydracium, Ficus, Talpa 347. Strumae 348. Cataracta oculi 352. Procidentia 355. Vnguis oculi 356. Grando 357. Hordeolum, Rhias, Encanthes, Vdatis 358. Things fallen into the eye, blows on them 359.   

Sect. VI.  
Lithotomia 361. Stone sticking in the ureters 370. Yard. 371.    

Part. IU.  
The supplying the defects of the body, As Nose 373. Eyes 374. Nose 375. Teeth ibid.  376. Tongue 377. Ears, Yard 378. Hands, Legs 379. incearing 380. And embalming of the dead. 382.   

An Appendix.  
Wherein is handled, Lues Venerea 386. Alopecia 392. Dolour Capit. ib. Juncturarum ib. Talpa 393. Gonorrhaea Virulenta ib. Pustles, Nodes 394. Buboes, Caruncle 395. Scurvy 398 With its Symptoms 403. as Ulcers in the mouth, Palsy 404. ulcers in other parts 405. Fluxes, Caeliaca 407. Lienteria 408. Diarrhaea 409. Dysenteria 411. Tenesmus 417. Colic 419. Illiake Pass. 422. Calenture 424. Arthritis 426. Ischiadicus dolour 436. Febris Militaris 439. Pain of the teeth 447. Bleeding at nose 452. Haemorrhods' flowing 455. Suppressed 457. Scabs & Itch. 459. Issues and Fontinell's 462.  
An addition of Magistral receipts, some not yet in Print.  
Balsam 466. Lucatellas' Balsam 467 Another Balsam 470. Catapl. 471. A drink 473. Aq. Lactis 474. pull. solut. & pil. Catho. ib. Empl. Crocatum 475. Pil. ex Turbith. Miner. ib. infus. vomit. & ol. buxi ib. ung. pro scab. puer. 476. To skin ulcers ib. Empl. Rosatum 477. Aq. Campho. ib. ol. vulner. sanaus spatio 24. hor. 478    

Reader, The absence of the Author while this was doing of, the uncouthness of the terms, and abbreviations in this Art, have been the cause, that so many errors of moment have escaped.  
Errors and Amendments.  
Pag 13. line. 18 stopped procure them, p. 16 l. 14. for ulcerous, read womb, p. 28. l. 11. also if, l. 12. deal hard, p. 46. l. 11. deal some, p. 48. l. 14. in which, l. 25. those are simple or compound, the compound are diapalm. cum succ. de minio Empl. ros. p. 49. l. 11. lot. anaʒj. p. 52. l. 2. ℥ j l. 18. this doth p. 53. l. 5. three things, l. 8. inject. l. 18. rouler, p. 56. l. 9 bladder, p. 57 l. 7. ℥ i s. l. 12. in gall. 2. p 59 l. 12. persons when, p. 60. l. 12. j l. 14. ℥ ij. Camfor. ℥ j l. 16. actual cautery, p. 62. l. 14. alum call. ʒj. l. 16. with it arm your, p. 63. l. 1. with ink, l. 16. aq. spermat. l. 20. see how, p. 65. l. 3. or this, p. 70. l. 14. fiat sapida, l. 23. vel syr. papav. rub. & Caryoph. p. 71. l. 2. cum lac. p. 72. l. 5. judge the vertebra, l. 6 stinking sanies p. 75. l. 4. praep. p. 77. l. 9 rhab. ʒj. l. 21. rheiʒuj. p. 78. l. 6. impacted, l. 16. merc. praep. l. 24. sulpʒj. p. 79 l. 18. does. ʒj. p. 84. l. 15. every 4th. p. 88 l. 25. did precede, p. 89. l. 4 Cent. minor. p. 94. l. 10. wormy. 96. l. 1. they desire, l. 25. sen. mun. ʒiij. p. 97. l. 8. surpression, l. 15. Tutia extinct. l. 18. vomit. ʒj. l. 20. & iis, p. 98 l. 10. r. p. 64. l. 1. p. 101. l. 10. some, p. 115. l. 7. note in, p. 116. l. 3. Cacochym. p. 119 l. 22. merc praepar. l. 24. chap. 1. p. 120. l. 1. excellent. to. p. 128. l. 1. adʒij. p. 131. l. 27. Terebin. clarae, p. 132. l. 2. pull. ʒi p. 143. l. 11. anaʒii. p. 146. l. 23 pustuled, p. 152 l. 21. way be, p. 155. l. 5. in these cases if, p. 158. l. 4. cum aq. l. 6. Emp. Pasmei, p. 161. l. 1. yet experience, l. 20. & stuphes, p. 164. l. 11. Empl. Palmei p. 169. l. 10. papav. crrat. p. 189. l. last. with tapes. p. 199. l. 3. tritici ℥ i l. 5 ʒs. p. 206. l. 27. ana ℥ i s.. p 243. l. 23. some desiccative, p. 290. l. 17. diachil. iriat. p. 291. l. 4. in a cistis, p. 298. l. 18. Solom. Miii. l. 19 Mi. sem. anisi. ℥ i p. 316. l. 17 also that in, p. 325. l. 20. proper upon, p. 329. l. 11. ℥ s. l. 17. Tutia praepar. pull. gammer. p. 331. l. 13. p. 4. p. 350. l. 25. ℞ galiopsis. p 363. l. 17. Turbith. p. 393. l. 1 ℞ ol. laur. l. 2. Scorpion. l. 6.. antiq. ℥ vi. l 7. viper. ℥ i l. 23. Merchant dull.. .ʒss. p. 397. l. 28. agrimony p. 405. l. 7. stuphes, l. 17. indication, p. 408, l. 20. id est merc. vitae. 413. l. 4. be often, p. 429. l. 14. Heurnius p. 478 l. 13. taken often ..   

THE ART OF CHIRURGERY.  

PART. I.  


SECT. I. CHAP. I  
PAssing by the Arguments that discover the excellency; we come to its self, being the second part of the curative part of Medicine, (contained in natural Philosophy) which teacheth how divers diseases of the body are to be cured by manual operation. The parts of which are four: 

1. To unite parts disjoined.  
2. To separate parts unnaturally joined.  
3. To remove things superfluous.  
4. To supply things wanting.    
In the first is comprehended, 1. Tumours, the Solution, being gathered by Reason. 2. Ulcers, Wounds, Fractures, and Dislocations, apprehended by Sense.  
Of the first, Tumours, consider, 1. The Definition, viz. It is most frequently a disease, sometimes a light affection, for the most part incident to the Organical parts, increasing their quantity above nature: by reason of superfluous humours sent from other parts.  
2. The Causes in general, are fluxion and congestion. The first, when a humour offending in quantity, or quality, suddenly ceizeth upon a part. The latter, when a humour is collected by little and little.  
The special Causes are either external, or internal; The first is, all outward things, which may 'cause Solution, whether nonnaturalls, or of venomous quality, the internalls are humours or flatuosities, and these are either natural or unnatural; the first is either sincere, as Choler, etc. or mixed, as some of the former, with Blood. 2. Unnatural, as water. The 3. General thing is the differences, which are either simple, or compound. The simple are either hot, as Phlegmon, and Erysipelas, or cold as Oedema, & Schirrhus, and two more, which are Tumour. Aquos. & Flatuos. which are the offspring of crudity, caused by weakness, or defect of natural heat. 2. Compound, which is begotten of the combination of the former, and according to the predominancy of the humour, ariseth the name, as if blood abound it is called Phlegmone Erysipelatodes, etc.  
Now for the general Indications of curing, they are taken either from the matter or times of every Tumour.  
In the first, 
Motion.  consider the Motion, and its Nature: for the former, it's either flowing, or received into the part.  
The causes of Fluxion are two, Plethora, 
Causes.  & Cacochymia. The first is twofold, ad vasa, when the veins are only full, and the body quick, etc. And this is either Pura, when the Humours are in due proportion, or Impura, when there is excess of any Saving blood. Ad vires, when there is such a fullness as causeth sluggishness, this requireth bleeding; as Cacochymia purging.  
As for Bleeding, 
Manner.  first, observe the manner, in fullness quoad vasa, draw what is convenient at once, but in quoad vires, by repetition.  
Secondly, 
Quantity.  the Quantity, in weakness, less; in strength, more; both which is discerned by the Functions: as the weakness of the Natural, by the crudity of Urine, and Excrements of the body. Of the Vital, by a weak and small pulse; as also weak and thick breathing. Of the Animal, by defect in moving, and feeling. But be diligent in distinguishing between weakness indeed, and oppression, by reason of fullness, which makes dull and slow. For, as in the first, great moderation is to be used. So in the latter, we may more freely evacuate.  
Thirdly, The ends. As first Derivation, 
Ends.  which is a drawing of the humour to the parts adjacent of the same side. Secondly, Revulsion, which is a drawing to the parts opposite, and this is used when the matter flows slowly, or to prevent a disease; not having any place in contagious Tumours.  
In translation of humour flowing from any place, it must be dove either by rectitude of parts, or of vessels, as if one bleed immoderately at the right nostril apply cups to the region of the liver, etc.  
The second cause of Fluxion is Cacochym: which is not so much by reason of the quantity as the quality offending. Now this latter either moveth from place to place, or else resteth where it first invaded. If it move, it's best abated by bleeding; if it rest purge with proper medicaments.  
The second Indicat is taken from the contagiousness, or not contagiousness. If not, the fluxion proceeds from three causes:  
First, from the strength of the part sending, being burdened; in this case do as in the second cause of Fluxion.  
2. the Thinness of humour, in this, if we cannot use bleeding or purgation; than must be used revulsion, by Cups without Scarif: Ligatures, Frictions, bathing, Vesicatories, and Fontinell's.  
Thirdly, the Attraction of the part affected, which is caused either by distemperature or pain, the first must be removed by contraries, only if with it, there be joined patent passages: than apply astringents, as Bac. Mirtil, ros. rub. Cort: granat. Querc. ballast. Sumach, Sloes decoct in vin, rub. vel aq. & aceto, or new Tanners woose rolling the part hard, or apply this upon leather, ℞ rad. Torment. Bistort. Symphit. ros. rub. gallar. ballast. Malicor. Sang. drac. bol. arm. santil. rub. cerus. anaʒi. cerae alb. ℥ iii el. Myrtil. ℥ i M.f. Ceratum.  
For pain, it's caused either by solution or venomous quality; the first, proceeds from hot, and sharp humours, which are to be encountered, with Anodyns, or Narcoticks. If from the second, biting of venemous beasts, etc.  
First Scarify, than apply cups, foment the part cum Theriae. dissol, in aceto accerrimo, applying stupes wet therein, and above this. ℞ Pic. Naval. ℥ j Sal. Nitri ℥ s. Sem. Sinap. ℥ two. Cepar. allii sub prun. cocti ana ℥ iij. assae faetid sagapen anaʒiii. sterc. Columb. ℥ i ss Aristol. rotund. Dictam alb. ana ℥ i ol. lilior. alb. ℥ s. f. Emp. Note the cups are to be applied with great flame, and your stupes very hot, Pigeons applied are good, but the Actual Cautery is best, after which Scarif: to the quick; not forgetting strong ligature, three or four inches above the place bitten, withal administering inward Antidotes for many days together, with some convenient decoctions; the same course take with tumors arising from contagious humours.  
Now for indication from the times being four, beginning, increase, state, and declination.  
The first is, when the parts begin to swell, the action being not hindered, for which apply repellers, remember to use slender diet, convenient evacuations of the belly and bleeding. But note, that in six causes repellers are to be omitted, as when the matter is malign, or critical, when the body is plethor. or Cacochym. when humours flow to the Emunctories, if the part have little natural heat, and when the pain is vehement.  
The increase is when the part is stretched, and the symptoms are increased, for which are to be used partly repellers, and partly discussers, the matter being partly possessing, and partly flowing. But note, if the matter flow with such force that it threatneth corruption, or be thick and hot, as in a Carbuncle, use scarif: and Leeches. Of discussing Medicaments there are three sorts, which are severally to be applied according to the constitution of the party.  
The state is when it's come to such degrees, as that it can go not further in bigness, nor in symptoms, and the veins of the parts adjacent continued in the same fullness, here we are to use Anodyns and discussives.  
The declination is, when Tumour and symptoms abate, than strong discussives are to be applied in necessity, using Diachyl. Mag. cum Gum. Mesu. vel ireatum. Now because Tum: end not only by resolute: but by induration, corruption, changing of the place, as also by maturation, we come to the cure of a Tumour come to Suppuration.   

CHAP. II. Suppuration.  
FIrst considering when this is required; 
Suppuration.  and that is, first, when the humour is too plentiful, and natural heat cannot rule it. Secondly, when its crude. And thirdly, when the matter is hard. That which I have found most effectual is this Cataplasm, ℞ Medul. pan. alb. ℥ vj. rad. Althaeae ℥ ij. pull. sem. lini. faenugr. ana ℥ j ficuus N. vj. cum decoct. rad. Althaeae f. Catap. ad. in fine Butyr. recent axung. porcin. ana ℥ i s. vitel ovor. N ij. Croci ʒ s. Misce vel ℞ Med. pan. alb. ℥ iiij. Lact. rec. lb j Malv. viol. ana Mjcum farin. trit. f. Cataplasma ad. ung. popul. ℥ iij. croc. ʒj. Where its most likely to break use pledgets dipped in the yolk of an egg; when its ready to open which is known by the vanishing of the former accidents, and it being pressed fluctuates, and especially when its riveled, than open it by incision, rather than by Caustick, unless the Tumour be large, and a flux is expected, or when it's to be kept long open. After opening by incision, apply upon pledgets astringents for 24. hours, as this if it be necessary. ℞ Oliban ℥ j aloes ℥ i s. f. pull. Misce cum alb. ovi ad consisten. Mell: & add: pilos Lepor. concis. If by Caustick apply dialth; if they faint, use Confect. Alker. cum aq. vel decoct. Cinam: after accidents are allayed to mundify use this ℞ Succ apij. lb s. Mell. pur. ℥ iiij. farin. hord.. ℥ j orobi ℥ i s. myrrh. ℥ ij. Terebin. ℥ i s. decoq. omnia simul f. ung. to incarn and heal up, look to the curation of ulcers. This in general, now for particular Tumours: and first for a Phlegmon.   

CHAP. III. Phlegmon.  
Which proceeds from blood, if it be proper, it's only caused of quantity, the differences being either from the matter or parts it possesseth; those from the matter are either true or spurious, the causes are either primitive, antecedent, or conjunct, which may be also observed in all other tumors.  
Signs.  
It beginneth suddenly, 
Sign.  and increaseth speedily, its hot, the pain pulsive, tension in the part, veins conspicuous, and the colour a fresh ruddy.  
Prognostics.  
If moderate, healthful. 
Prognost.  If superabound in plenty or malignity, beware of Gangreen, & sphac. If in a young hot body easily cured: if internal upon great joints, and great vessels, dangerous.  
Cure.  
Diet very spare and cooling, 
Cure.  always let blood, if the Tumour possess the upper part, in the arm. If the lower parts in the legs or feet, if it proceed from any accustomed evacuation stopped, than purge with this or the like, ℞ aq. Cichor. endiu. acetosae ana ℥ ij elect. diacath. & de Sebest. ana ℥ s. Syr. Papav. rub. ℥ j Misce f. pot. Topical means are three, Revulsion, Repelling, and Defensives. The first hath been handled, the defensives must be applied to the parts most empty of flesh, as this. ℞ Cerae alb. ℥ x ol Mirtil. & Cydon. ana ℥ i pull. Masticʒ iij bol. Arm. Sang. Drae. anaʒ x. M f. Empl.  
As for the repellers, they are to be either cold and moist, or astringent, cool and drying, this course is in principio. For the increase, use repellers and discussers more of the former. In the state use them equally, and if there be pain, some Anodyns, as this excellent one ℞ Mica pan. alb. in aq. Calid. macer lb s pull. ros. rub. & absinth. ana ℥ uj ol Anethi. & Mell. ana ℥ ij. Misce f Cataplasm. If it end in maturation, than follow the method in suppuration.   

CHAP. IV. Tumours.  
FOr spurious tumors they are made from a mixture of the three other humours with blood; therefore if choler abound, cool and moisten in a higher degree than in a phlegm. If phlegm, heat more. If melancholy, warm and moisten.  
Now for tumors that have reference; as first, Panicula, 
Panicula.  it most commonly possesseth the glandulous parts somewhat flat on the top, whereof there is the representation of a pustle, being hard, hot and greater in pain, than the magnitude requires, having in it more choler than blood; but contrariwise, 
Phyma  Phyma hath more blood than choler, being a little read and painful, and much elevated.  
As for Furunculus, 
Furunculus.  it's an inflamed pustle, with pain possessing the skin of the soft parts, growing commonly to the bigness of a doves egg. For the cure of these if necessity requires, first, bleed and purge, than apply either Empl. Corcatum or this Cataplasm ℞ rad. lilior alb. fol. malu. viol ana M i coq. in lact ad mollitiem & f. express. ad farin. Hord. tritic. Sem. lini ana ℥ i vitel. over. N ij ping gall. butyr. rec. ana ℥ i Croc. ℈ ij. f. Cataplasm, after being opened proceed, S. A. as in page 10.   

CHAP. V Erysipelas.  
Sign.  
A Tumour near read, 
Sign.  like a pale Rose, hotter than Phlegmon, pricking pain, if touched white, caused of Alimentary choler.  
Prognostic.  
That which is driven to the outward parts easy, 
Proguost.  if in the head ulcerous, a wound, ulcer, fracture, dislocation, sometimes mortal. If suppurate, or hap upon a bore bone, ill.  
Cure.  
Diet cool, 
Cure.  and moist, if in any part, and blood predominate, Bleed: if exquisite, forbear; if the cause be external, and far from noble parts, use cool and moist Medicaments, if internal: and mild, cool glisters will serve: if strong, use this ℞ Rhei ʒ j spic. gr. v. vini alb. parum infund. in decoct. Tamarind. f. express. ad. El. e succ ros. ʒ iij. Syr. ros. fol. ℥ ij. Mis. f. p. Use sweeting, cum aq. pap. err. & lap. Bezoar. And note if it appear in head or face, let blood, use Leeches, and revulsion, if in the legs, vomit.  
The local Medicaments, are to be cold and moist, not unctuous, as aq. p. 2. acet. vini. p. 1. vel Sapon alb. ℥ j dissol. in aq. Sambuc lb iij. & bulli. Apply it with Linen , and as they dry, moisten them, vela q. sper. ranar. cum acet. & Myrrh. or the juice of horse-dung with Camphire, apply them till heat be abated, and colour recovered, if it turn livid, use Lixivium to foment withal, and apply this, ℞ farin. fab. Hord. & Orob. ana ℥ iiij. Lixiu. debilis lb iiij. coq. ad consist. Empl. ad. Oxym. ℥ iiij. If it be deep, scarify, if gangrene. or Sphac. Vide. Now the bastard, are according to the humour associated; but of them that break the skin, there are two kinds.  
First, Herpes' Miliaris, caused of a salt waterish humour, mixed with sharp unnatural choler. In this pustles break forth, having matter issuing, representing quitour, being of colour read, and pale: which is without danger.  
Cure. 
Cure.   
Cum aq. & acet. vel ℞ Lanam Succidam torref. donec. f nig & pull. Misc. cum aq. ros. with which anoint often, vel cum unguent ros. Mes.  
Secondly, Herpes' Exedens, vel ignis Sacer, caused of unnatural choler, thick, sharp, and hot corroding the skin only, with many small ulcers.  
Cure. 
Cure.   
Use decoction of Sarsa, foment it with this, ℞ Knotgrass, Horstaile, Plantain, water-lilly, and Oaken bark, pomegranate flower and rinds, Myrtle Berries, read Rose leaves boiled in Tanner's Woose, after which ℞ cerae fla ℥ ij. resin pin. ℥ i s. Tereb ℥ i ol Mirtinʒ v j succ. Nicotia ℥ iij. Coq. in cerat. Molle. If they spread and are putrid, ℞ Litharg Cerusae an. ℥ ij. cortic granat, ℥ s. Myrrhʒ j Thur. ʒ i s. flor. aeris alum usti ana ʒj cum ol Myrti & cerae q.s. f. unguent.   

CHAP. VI Oedema.  
A Tumour caused of Phlegm. 
Oedema.   
Sign.  
It's soft and lose, 
Sign.  if pressed it pits with none or little pain, being white and cold, the Liver chief affected, as also the head and stomach.  
Prognostic.  
If of long continuance, 
Prognost.  or the body be diseased with Phthisis Cacexia or Dropsy, it is dangerous, otherwise not.  
Cure. 
Cure.   
Internal, Diet dry, air hot and dry, bread made with hot seed, drying diet drinks, Sweeting is excellent. If it possess the hands, work, if the feet, walk.  
There are three sorts of unnatural Flegmes:  
First, Sour, which betokens want of natural heat in the Stomach.  
Secondly, Salt Phlegm.  
Thirdly, Glassy Phlegm, which causeth great pain, if contained in any part.  
For Purging use Phlegmagog. the Chemical are, Merc. Vitae. Vitr. Antim. Merc. d. acuated cum Merc. vitae. galenical. Have your diaphaenic dia earth. pill Hier. cum agar. acuated cum Elater.  
Cure.  
Externall ℞ aq. & acet. & add. parum. alum. f. foment, 
Cure.  before which rub the place well. If it be in the belly, and tend to Suppuration, in 60 days, than to hasten it, apply Empl. Crocatum Nost. vel diachy cum Gum. After being opened, dress S.A. if it Suppurate not, discuss it with this, ℞ Sulp. ℥ j stercor Columb. ʒ x. far. fab.. ℥ i s Lupin. ℥ j come decoct. flor. Cham: f. Catap. this is worthy observation, The primary Oedema is caused by congestion, and cometh on by degrees, but that which is Symptomatical, is procured by fluxtion, and suddenly appears. A bastard Oedema needs not to be touched, others that are referred, are in other places handled.   

CHAP. VII. Schirrhus.  
CAused of Melancholy.  
Sign. 
Sign.   
It's a Tumour hard, cold, without pain, and is fixed without veins appearing.  
Prognostic. 
Prognost.   
If exquisite, or not, yet if great uncureable, but if sensible, and cause of thick Phlegm, it is curable. Difference, it's either Primary, and this either exquisite, or not, when another humour is joined; or Symptomatical, when it proceeds from another Tumour, not artificially handled.  
Cure.  
Let not blood, 
Cure.  unless the veins be very great, blood black, and strength and age admit: If it proceed from accustomed evacuation stopped, procure them. Let the diet be moist and thin, purge with Malanag. as Confect. Hamech, Senna. note, that decoction of Lignum vitae, & Sarsap: is excellent, continually used every morning sweeting.  
Externall, ℞ bdel. Ammoni gall. ana ℥ j dissol in Mortar Calid cum ol lilior add. mucilag. sem. lini & faenugr. ana ℥ v j ficuum torref. ℥ ij. f. catapl. apply it too a day, if it be above a tendon, take heed of acetum the part had need, first to be fomented with a decoction Malu althaea Cham. Melilot flor. prim. veris in acet & ad spr. vini. If it be Symptomatical, use this ℞, Bees wax, Ducks grease, ana ℥ j ol. Lilior ℥ ij. Marrow of Ox bones ʒ ij. Misce, Those that are referred are handled in other places.   

CHAP. VIII. Tumour Aquosus.  
CAused of Serosity, 
Tumour Aquosa.  too plentifully abounding, otherwises its but a vehicle of the blood, and after cast out per poros cutis, the difference as sudamina epinictum, etc. The causes of the humour sending to external parts, is the weakness of the Attract: quality of the kidneys, the coldness of the liver, or immoderate drink.  
Sign. 
Sign.   
Sometimes more, or less swelled, is soft and lose, if pressed it speedily returns; if looked on betwixt you and light it shines, withal it itcheth when it breedeth.  
Prognost.  
If from imperfection of the liver, 
Prognost.  dangerous, all unless small, are hardly cured.  
Cure.  
Diet drying and spare, 
Cure.  use watching. Cornar diet excellent, which is of bread and meat, ℥ xij. and of drink, ℥ fourteen. a day, use purging drinks, wherein is Mecoach: and Zalap: provoke urine and sweat, which is not only good in this, but also in most ulcers, and contagious diseases, this purge is excellent ℞ acinorum ebuli siccatʒ j Cinam. ʒ s. f. p. & exhib in vino alb. vel pil. Euphor, etc.  
Externalls. First, use foment made of lee and hot herbs, after anoint it cum sal nitr. ℥ s. sulph. ʒ iij. pull. bacc. laur. ℥ j amoniac. ℥ s. ol. rutac. Cerae. ana q. s. f. v. after which, apply this, ℞ sem. sinap. sem. urticae sulphur. Spum Maris aristol. rotund. bdel. ana ℥ j Amoniac ol antiq. Cerae ana ℥ ij. Misce. If it cannot be thus cured, than open it and cure it. S. A. Note pil. Alphang. gr. xx. cum elater g iss. to purge is excellent.   

CHAP. IX. Tumour Flatulentus.  
Cause's Crudity, and weak heat.  
Sign. 
Sign.   
Light, very painful, soft, and pits not.  
Prognost.  
If it possess great joints hardly cured, and those of other parts not easy.  
Cure. 
Cure.   
Diet as in the former Tumour, using meats of easy concoction; after meat, use Marmalets; before bedtime anoint the stomach, cum ol. Mastic & absinth.  
Externals, use foment of Sack, with discussing herbs, after anoint, Cum ol. aneth. rutac. Cham. lauri & spir. vini, apply Empl: de bac. lauri vel ung. cum merc. triplic. you may anoint with some mercurial unguent. If the stomach be flatuous, use vini Canar ℥ iij. come elect. de bacc. Laur. ʒij. infusing first Cinam. in the wine four hours before supper, vel ol. faenec. in a cup of Sack.   

CHAP. X. Hydrocephalus.  
NOw for particular tumors, and first of Hydrocephalos.  
Sign. 
Sign.   
Deformity of the head, the eyes and face, being Tumified without pain, yields to impression, and if looked on betwixt the light, it shines.  
Prognost. 
Prognost.   
Those within the cranium are incurable, those without may, but very difficultly.  
Cure. 
Cure.   
Internal, as in an Aquous Tumour external: Cum aq. Cal. viv. si ea spongia imbuatur & capit imponatur vel spir. vini & q. part aq. Scab. good rolling is excellent, and doth alone. After use some discussing unguent, as ℞ pull. absiuth. Cham. Melil. ana ℥ i s. butyr. rec. ol. Cham. ana ℥ iiij. cerae. parum f. unguent. If they cannot be discussed, the matter is to be let out either by incision or Caustic. and with a matter-sucker draw out the serous humour to the rest that is grumous, apply this ℞ ol. Cham. ℥ x. sulp. ℥ j pull. origan. Myrtle. ros. rub. absinth. Melilo. anaʒ i ss. cerae. q.s. f. unguent, after proceed S. A.   

CHAP. XI. Polypus.  
IT's a fleshy excrescens in the nose, which by a small root hangs down there sometimes very low, or else descends to the palate, it's caused from viscous phlegm mixed with blood, which flows from the head to the nose, and fixeth itself most commonly upon os Ethmoides increasing much at the full, and decreasing about the new of the Moon.  
Prognost. 
Prognost.   
If white, soft, and lose, and without pain, easy cured: If reddish, hard. If livid black, painful, hard, stinking, and cancerous, it's not to be touched, unless by application of palliating medicines.  
Cure. 
Cure.   
In all, whether the cure be real or palliative, universals must precede, those which are the two first in the Prognostics are either cured by extirpation with instrument, which is most frequent in use, or by Medicaments, in both these there must be special care had till it be wholly eradicated jest it again return. The instrument is Fabritius Ab: Aquapend, which he applauds above any other in doing its work safely, surely and speedily. I could have wished he had given in the figure. After it's drawn forth, apply medicines to cicatrize it. If you choose to do it by medicines, apply them about the new Moon, or decrease, after it's scarified, they are ol. vitriol turund. ex. rad. Gentian anointed, cum Mel. ros. & merc. praecip, washed often till it be sweetened, vel ℞ Empl: Mucilagin. ℥ s. pull Sabinaeʒ ij. malaxentur & incorporentur simul ex hae massa fiant Cereboli debitae magnitudinis in nares immittendi. The nose is to be defended, cum ung. refriger Galeni vel Nutrito popul. vel alb. ov. cum ol. rosar. If it be by some portion of melancholy, mixed with the former humours, do cause a levidity, and incline it to Cancer, use either unguent Ranarum, vel vitel ovorum in Mortario plumbeo ad nigridinem usque agitata & in unguenti formam cum ℈. Camphorae redacta. To those curable, some apply waters, you may use this ℞ aq. Solani rosar. ana. ℥ j Plantag. ℥ s. caphur. ʒ s. Ceruse. ℈ j merc. Subls. g. vj. Mistress f. aq.   

CHAP. XII. Parotis.  
A Tumour behind the ears, some are Critical, and they tend commonly to suppuration, if not, they are evil, and if turn in are deadly. Some are Symptomatical, and those are most times resolved by applying anguent. dialth, cum ol. Laur.  
Cure. 
Cure.   
Use Clysters, if necessary, venae sect. but if it be from Crisis use an actual cautery, especially if malign, but if not apply cups; if it tend to maturation, use either, Empl. Crocat. vel ℞ rad. lil. & Cepar. sub cineribus coct. ana ℥ iij. vitel. ov. N ij. axung. & unguent. Basi. ana ℥ j far. sm. lin. ℥ i s. f. Cataplasm.   

CHAP. XIII. Tumour Tonsillorum.  
IT's an acute disease most commonly deadly, always dangerous. In fevors, if black montall, they often indurate, and are incurable.  
Cure. 
Cure.   
Venae sect. in the tongue and arm: First, using a Clyster, or presently after. Cups cum Scar. inprincipio ℞ aq. plantag. lb i s. flor. ros. rub. M s. beni. Cydon. ʒ i s. semel bul. Col. add d●annor. ℥ i s. dia●uc. ℥. Miso. f. Gar. If tend to suppuration ℞ farin. Tritic. in petia. Ligat. ℥ ●. caricar. ℥ iij. rad. alth. ℥ i s. aq. vel lact.. lb ij. Coq. ad Consume. 5. part deinde col. & f. gar. externals either figs or some maturative Cataplasm, after break them with your finger, or open them with your phlegm, and than use aq. Hordum cum mel. & sac. ros.   

CHAP. XIV. Angina.  
OF which there are four sorts. First, a great inflammation of the internal muscles of the throat, this is most dangerous.  
Secondly, inflammation of the external muscles, this less danger.  
Thirdly, inflammation of the internal muscle of the fauces.  
Fourthly, when the inflammation appears external in the throat.  
Sign. 
Sign.   
Difficulty of breathing and swallowing, fever, pain in the throat.  
Prognost. 
Prognost.   
If they froth at the mouth or the matter be sent to the lungs, if spirtle continued crude, and be critical, deadly, if it appear outwardly, curable.  
Cure. 
Cure.   
Diet thin, cool and moist; if the passage be straight, and they cannot swallow, put down a Cathetor, and than by a firinge cast in broths, and use nourishing clysters, what hour soever called, let blood plentifully, Zacc: Lusit. let blood a woman with child in the seventh month seven times one day, before use sharp Clysters or after: If necessity requireopen the jugular, four or six hours after bleeding you may purge, or rather give ℥ ij. aq. bened. which hath presently cured. If the party be strong, use cups, vesicatories, as also Scarif: upon the jaws, topical in principio, ℞ aq. plantag solan. caprifol. ana ℥ iij. succ. granat. ℥ ij. diamor ℥ iij. sal. pru. ʒ i s. f. Gar. whilst this is using, apply outwardly this, ℞ ol. Cham lilior. Amygd. d. ana ℥ j axung. gall. butyr. rec. ana ℥ i s. croci. ℈ j f. Linim. In the increase use this ℞ fol. His. op. plantag. ana M j liquirit. rasae. passul. mund. ana ℥ j Caricar. N x ij. ros. rub. Hord. integ. ana p j f. deco. ad lb j in col. dissol. Mel. ros. syr. viol. ana ℥ ij. f. Ga. externally apply this ℞ Nidum Hyrundi N i fol. malu. viol. ana M j rad. lilior. alth. ana ℥ s. ficus N x ij. flor. Cham. Melilot ana p. 1. Coq. & contund. deind. add. farin. Hord. Lini faenugr. anaʒ iij. Croc. ℈ i Butyr. recent. ol. Cham. Amygd. a. q s. f. Cataplasm, this also maturates which falls out the fourth or fifth day, when it's broken or opened.  
Cure. 
Cure.   
S. A. If it indurate, mollify it. The last refuge is the opening the Larinx, and so keep it till danger be past, and than scarif. the lips, and cure it as hare lip.   

CHAP. XV. De Inflam. & relax. uvulae.  
WHich is caused by defluxions from the head which are sharp, and salt, and also causeth ulcers.  
Cure. 
Cure.   
If necessary bleed, purge, and use sharp clysters, cups, etc. if the flux be very great, ℞ fol. & flor. beton. salv. Scabios. ana M s. ros. M●. Summit. rorismar. & flor. Cham. ana p. 1. Coq. in lb iij. aq. ad consume 8. part. colat. add. Mel. rosar. ℥ iij. alium ℥ ij f. garg. apply the herbs boiled in read wine with ol. Cham. to the neck, to it apply this ℞ pull. ros. rub. ballast. cortic. granat. anaʒ s. rad. bistort. Torment. gallar. immatur Ireos anaʒi. alum usti ℈ ij. f. pull. vel. Cortic. granat. cum pip. long. cum alum ust, excellent. If it be too long and putrify, cut so much away as is necessary.  
First, purging.  
Secondly, take heed humours shall not too fast.  
Thirdly, not unless it be small about the root.  
And lastly, if it be livid take heed: First, bind it, and than cut it. If it bleed much, use either pull. Hild. or your uvula spoon made read hot. If they be unwilling, try this, ℞ Hord. integr. Mj. rad. plantag. ℥ j fol. Scab. Geran. Scord. ana M s. rosar. & fol. plantag. ana M j Coq. in lb iiij. aq. ad. Hord. fracturam utum admisce Mel. ros. & Diamora ana ℥ ij. Misce f. Gargar. touch it three or four times a day, cum ung. Aegyp. Hild. and so continued them till they be well.   

CHAP. XVI. Tu: & Infl. aurium.  
CAused by a thin choleric blood descending from the brain and membraines to the veins of the tympanum.  
Sign. 
Sign.   
Pain with continual beating, which is vehement with heat and redness of the ears and temples, sometimes with a fever delirium, convulsive motions, Syncope, and coldness of the extremities.  
Prognost. 
Prognost.   
They are dangerous and often cause death.  
Cure. 
Cure.   
It as a Phlegmon, if it cannot be resolved, use this, ℞ Cepar. rub. Nj. sub Cineribus assat. butyr. rec. ℥ ij. ol. Cham. rosar. ana ℥ ●. Croc. ℈ j f. Cataplasma. If pain be great, use anodyns, if that will not prevail Narcoticks, the water that runs out of ashen sticks when they are burning, distilled into the ear easeth pain marvellously, vel ℞ ol. vitel. ovor. ʒ ij. Succ. Malv. ℥ s. Myrrhʒ s. Croci ℈ s. opij. g. iij. vel iiij. Misce, and drop into the ears.   

CHAP. XVII. Anchylops.  
A Tumour in the great corner of the eye (which if either neglected, or not well cured becomes a fistula) hard to be cured.  
Cure. 
Cure.   
after bleeding and purging in the beginning use repellers both to the forehead and it, as ℞ Cortic. granat. acaciae balaust. gall. Nuc. Cupres. alum roch. bol. Arm. anaʒ j cer. alb. ℥ iij. tereb. ʒiij. f. Cerat. In the increase discuss as ℞ pulu. testar. Cochlearumʒij. Myrrh. aloes lot. thur. anaʒ s. Sarco col Sang. drac. cerus. anaʒ iij. opopanac. acet. solut. & lap. Haematitis anaʒ i s. Croc. ℈ ij. Cer. & resin. ana ℥ iij. f. Cerat. excellent. If it tend to Suppuration, either apply Emp. diachal. vel Cataplasm, aut Empl. Croc. and after open it and cure it. S. A.   

CHAP. XVIII. Ranula sub lingua  
Sign. 
Sign.   
A Tumour as it were lax and soft flesh, it takes away liberty of speech caused of crass or thick blood, or phlegm from the brain.  
Prognost. 
Prognost.   
In Infants it may 'cause suffocation in adults. If favour and pain be present it is dangerous, or if it be black or livid.  
Cure. 
Cure.   
After universals, endeavour to resolve it thus, ℞ Cortic. gran. Hyssop sic. Sales come. anaʒ ij. f. pull. sub lingua detenendus & frequenter iterandus, instead of common salt use sal Amoniac in adulti, if it cannot be resolved, open it either by incision or cautery, holding your thumb under the chin, thrust out the matter, and wash the mouth often cum vino alb. & mel. ros. vel posca cum parum sal. If it be inveterat, use the cantery and diaphor. decoct. touching the ulcer cum ol. Sulph. twice a day tempered, cum aq. ros. as ol. Sulph. gut. aq. ros. gutta. vj.   

CHAP. XIX. Aneurisma.  
IT's a Tumour soft, yielding to the touch, caused by the Anastomosis, springing, breaking, erossion, and wounding of the Artery, though it happens in all parts, yet most frequently in the throat, especially in women after painful travel. It's sometimes great, otherwise small, if the latter, and pressed, it goes in, and than after returns out with noise, the former doth. If pressed, they are pulsive and of the natural colour of the skin.  
Prognost. 
Prognost.   
Those that are small, and in the head, legs, and arms, may be knit, and are curable: If great, and in the neck, breast, under the arms, and in the groynes, are uncurable.  
Cure. 
Cure.   
Let blood in both arms, than apply Empl. Contr. ruptur. vel unguent. bol. or an astringent. Catapl. or a plate of lead, rubbed with mercury, apply them every third day: If they be small, cut the skin, and bind the Artery, and than cut it, and let the thread fall of itself.   

CHAP. XX. Paronychia.  
IT's a Tumour read and painful on the fingers, it many times deprives of sleep, and by extreme pain, sometimes causes swooning: if the matter be malign, it corrupts the bone, and is often a presage of the plague.  
Cure. 
Cure.   
The best way is to make incision, and let it bleed, after which apply, Theriac. disol. in aq. vitae, to hinder inflammation, use posca to the whole hand and arm: If they will not admit of incision, than in the beginning apply this ℞ far. fab. Hord. ana ℥ j Caphur. ℈ j Mucilng. Sem. pfylii q. s. Misce cum aceto super ignem f. Catapl. if it maturate, apply Empt. Croc. after open and cure. S. A.   

CHAP. XXI. Tumours in the knees.  
WHich are caused either by congestion or fluxion of hum. strokes, falls, Crisis of favours, long travel, riding, they are frequent, with great pain.  
Prognost.  
Such as follow long diseases, are either dangerous, or long in curing.  
Cure. 
Cure.   
Use universals according to the quality of the humour, outwardly apply this ℞ far. fabar. Hord. ana ℥ iiij. furfur. been Contrite. M ij. Sterco. Capr. been trit. lb s. Flor. Cham. M j ol. Cham. Aneth. ana ℥ ij. cum Lixin & Sap. f. Empl. the best is to apply a large caustic under the knee, as I did in one John Moor, etc. Fontanel infra inguen in parte domestica, is excellent.   

CHAP. XXII. Tumour Scroti.  
IN it is the stones which are subject to Humour and inflammation, occasioned by strokes, etc. and Humours, long in curing, hard.  
Cure. 
Cure.   
Open Saphena, use Clysters as also diuretics. In principio apply ol. rof. acet. & alb. ovi, after ℞ rad. althaeae Sem. Lini. ana ℥ ij. fol. viol. Malv. parietar. plantag. Hyose. ana Mj. Cham. rosar. Melil. ana pj. Coq. in oxym. cum far. fabar. & Hordii ana ℥ s. Mistress f. Cataplasm. If it suppurate, apply this, with which I cured one Mr. Bradley, whose Scrotum was livid, ℞ rad. lilior ℥ ij. Malv. viol. Cicut. ana M j Mica. pan. q. s. & butyr. rec. f. Cataplasma, when the colour was come, I used Empl. cum Gum. he was 84. years old, disposed to a Hectic.   

CHAP. XXIII. Perniones.  
IN this its excellent to let blood, bathe them with oats, boiled in aq. & acet. first, anointing them with Pomatum. If they break use Empl. Melilot. or unguent. Basi. diapomph. & alum ust. mixed vel Empl. Saturn. vel aq. Caphur. Nost. excellent, cum aq. Sper. ranar & Myrrh. Thus having done with Tumours, we come to Ulcers.    


SECT. II. CHAP. I Ulcers.  
WHich is a solution of unity from an inward cause eroding. The causes are either Antecedent or Conjunct. The first are four.  
First, Cacochymia, when any of the humours savouring blood is peccant in quality.  
Secondly, Contagion, this proceeds either from rotten vapours, as Phthysis, or from lying with unclean or itchy persons, etc.  
Thirdly, Distempers of the parts which are caused either by cold or heat.  
Fourthly, all venomous stingings and bite.  
The Conjunct cause is when any humour is changed from its natural temperature, whether by putrefaction, adustion, or commixtion of any thing unnatural.  
The differences of them are, either Simple or Compound: in the first, nothing hinders from consolidation.  
The Compound are either the mild or malign: The mild are either plain or sinuous: The last either with or without callossity: The malign are either less malign, as Herpes' exced. Phagaedena: Some or very mal: as Cancer. If internal, it's discerned by the matter expelled as in Ulcers of the kidneys and bladder, there is purulent matter, in the urine, if in the lungs the matter is cast out by cough, etc. As for externalls they are obvious.  
Prognost. 
Prognost.   
In a body Cacochimall or dry and moist, as aged, children, and women, dangerous; if critical, Apost. in the back or gren joints: most commonly mortal if the place wherein the Ulcer is, be blackish, blue or grey, of round figure, and painful, hard to cure: If bluish and pale, and party sick, death. If complicate with a disease hard. If Tumours in Ulcers suddenly vanish, without manifest cause it portends convulsion, if in the hinder parts, but madness or pleurisy if they were read and in the fore part: If hairs about the Ulcer fall, look livid, where the bone is carious. If a flux of blood follow after pulsation; if an Erysip appear the bone being bore, are ill, such as cast out an oyley and thin matter that frets the skin, are hard: but Ulcers in a body of a good complexion having soft Tumours, the quittor white, smooth & equal, are easy.  
General Cure. 
Cure.   
In it observe first, that all Ulcers require desiccation.  
Secondly, that in them there is four times:  
First, Princip: when the quittor is thin and waterish.  
Secondly, Aug-tum, when the quittor flows more sparingly and thicker.  
Thirdly, statu, when there appeareth pus. and yet it is thinner.  
Fourthly, Declin. when its white equally without smell.  
The ways of curing are two.  
First, removing Antecedent causes, as Cacochym. by altering and purging the humours offending, Contagion by Alexiphar. Poison by Antidotes; the distemper of the part by contraries.  
Second is Artificial dressing, with which we meet with the conjunct causes applying Medicaments according to the times. In princip. using suppuratives or digestives, the quality of which are to be proportionated to the temperature of the part.  
But note, in two cases they are to be omitted. 1. In putrid, 2. In Rheumatic ulcers about the part apply repellers, which hinder fluxion, those are simple and compound, is dicapal. cum succ. de mire vel Empl. refar. N. For the Ulcer itself, use unguent Bassilic. cum parum mercurii pp. lot. in aq. plantag. It's well digested when there is laudable quittor, the colour of the ulcer, be good and soft: Than mundify (which is the Auguent) cum Mel. ℥ iiij. Terbin ℥ ij. Coq. Lento igne ad Consis unguent. deinde rem ab igne & Mes. cum vitel. ovi Nj. If the ulcer be foul, mix with an ℥ of this mercury pp. & lot. ℥ j & its excellent. It's sufficiently mundified, when its read, sensible and clean, neither too dry nor moist; after incarn, cum Bal. Hyper. vel ung. Nic. unguent. Basilic. Major. And lastly, Cicatrise with lead ℥ ij. melt it in a crucible, after take it from the fire, and add to it mercury vivi. ℥ i s. after its cold, powder them, Empl. diap. cum aq. Cal. viu. vel aq. Caph. Nost.   

CHAP. II. Cure of a plain and hollow Ulcer.  
THe cure of the former may be omitted because it's included in the latter; the diet is to be thin, and of good digestion, the body to be kept open: for the Ulcer itself it requires digest mundify and incarn. All which is affected by this ℞ Cer. & resin. ana ℥ vj. picis Naval. ℥ iiij. Gum. clem. ℥ ij. ol. oliu. ℥ v s. vernic. Clar. ℥ iiij. sevi ovil. ℥ ij. Terbinth. ℥ ijs oliban. Myrrh. purae. ana ℥ j f. ung. ex La. if it be sordid use with ℥ j of this, ℈ ij. of this following ℞ merc. praepar. ʒj. Alum. ustiʒ s. Misce pull. this is also good to abate superfluous flesh.   

CHAP. III. Compound Ulcers.  
FIrst, of distemper that causeth the composition; if it be moist, use dryers, as alum ust. if hot, cool, if cold, heat, and if there be pain, remove it.   

CHAP. IU. Sinuous Ulcer.  
IT's like a Conyburrow caused by Apost: lying deep a long time, or if long before opened. They are of two sorts, one without, the other with callosity.  
The Cure. 
Cure.   
First internal, purge cum pull. Arthr. vomit, use Diaphor. especially drying, and purging drinks, ℞ Sarsap. ℥ vj. rad. Sarsaf ℥ js. Guaic. ℥ iij. Eupator. Scabios. Tussilag. Saniculae Hyper. ana Mj. rad. Symph. Torment. bistort. ana ℥ s. rad. borrag. buglos. ana ℥. passul. Mai. enucleatar. ℥ iij. Liquor. ℥ ij. infund. per Noct. in in aq. feruentis lib. fourteen. seq. die coq. Lent. igne cum reliquis ad cons. ss bibat singul. diehus lb iiij. vel lb s. mane tantundem hora. 4. pomeredia. in prand. bib. lb j ac tantund. in caenam quando sitit. superest lb j hauriend. take it for 21. days.  
Externalls, first, by injection, ℞ decoct. Hord. lib. j Mel. ros. ℥ iij. Sarcocol. ℥ i s. Myr. Thur. ana ℥ ij. rad. Torment. bistort. Symphy. ana ℥ s. ballast. ʒj. bacc. Mirt. ʒ ijs. Sumach. ʒjs. vini odorat. ℥ vj. bull. ad consumt. 3 part ac. col. cui ad spir. vini ℥ j if you perceive this is not sufficiently mundified, which you may know if matter be either stinking, reddish, pale, blackish, thin, or waterish, than apply this ℞ vini in quo infus. sunt Marrhub. alb. Centau. minor absinth. flor. hyperic. Card. Bened. lb s. unguent. Egypt. ʒ ij Mel. ros. ℥ s. if matter flow not much, dress every three days, when the matter is white, and doth not stink, and the cavity be without pain, and remarkable Tumour, than agglutinate it S. A. in the manner of dressing, observe these three thus:  
First, lay upon the whole cavity, Empl ros. vel Emp. Cont. rup.  
Secondly, infect the Medicament.  
Thirdly, put in a leaden pipe short, shut up the pipe with an Empl. Snipt. and above it a piece of sponge, and upon that a pledget of tow, letting from the lower cavity to the orifice a bolster be applied, and above all a double linen cloth, beginning your cowler at the bottom somewhat straight and towards the orifice somewhat slacker.  
Secondly, by opening when the matter cannot conveniently be discharged, and that is done two ways:  
First, by caustic, and that when the cavity is lower, than the orifice, either direct or obliqne, but not very deep, yet though deep, if in the breast, or the cavity be broad, you may either use caustics, or incision of it; to open either first the lower end, or the whole cavity, the first is best, if the sinus be enorm, or in a great joint, or there be great vessels, tendons, or nerves in the way, upon which a great flux and lameness, the whole cavity with a caustic.  
Secondly, incision which is sooner done, with less pain, and easier cured, which done, arm, pledgets, and dossets, with this ℞ alocs Hepat. ʒ ij. resin. nigr. succin. ana ʒjs. farinae volatʒij. Calc. non extinct. ʒijs. alb. ovo q.s. f. ung. fill the place well, that the lips may be kept asunder, and dress it not till the second day at lest.   

CHAP. V Fistula in general.  
IS a sinuous ulcer, narrow and long, with callosity, having the quittor virulent, ugly and stinking, pain small, unless in sensible part.  
These are the differences with their signs, if plenty of matter, it not passing to a remarkable cavity, there is more than one sinus; if matter be various, divers parts are affected, if it pass to the fleshly parts, the matter is white, smooth, plentiful, if to a nerve, fatty and oleous; pain is more, and motion is impaired, being proved, is pricking; if to a vain and Arteries, and coats not eroded, its reddish, if Artery eroded, than the blood comes bright with leaping, if a vein thick and black; if to the bone, the matter is thin and yellow; if the smell be ill, and the bone hard without slipping, the bone foul.  
Prognostic.  
Not, 
Prognost  Fistul. is of easy curation, those that are shallow, and of short time, and in fleshy parts in young and strong bodies, there is hope: If end in veins, Arter, nerves, Tendon, blade, throat, breast, spina, joint, have sundry sinuosities, and of long continuance, hardly cured. If in depending parts, and nature, by them dischargeth superfluities, they do good, therefore heal them not.  
Curing general. 
Cure.   
Secondly, which is either palliative or real, that palliative which for a time dries and shuts up the sinuosity by a thin skin, till humidity open it again, and this is to be used when they help nature in discharging superfluities; this is known if before their breaking open there be distemper, and after ease.  
First, in this a convenient diet as in Tumour Aquosus.  
Secondly, purging either by decoct. or Ale, the latter being fit for those that are aged and have weak stomaches. As thus, ℞ Guaiac. sarsap. ana ℥ iiij. rad. Torment. bistort. Symph. an ʒ●s. Polip. q. ℥ iij. Eupator. Sanicul. Alchimil. ana M j fol. sen. Hermod. ana ℥ v. rhabarb ℥ j sem. anis. Coriand. faenic. d. ana ʒ vj. glycyrrh. ℥ ij. f. pull. crass. indendus saccul. qui suspend. in gall. 29. zithi. after four day's drink does. lb s. in mane after which sleep, about ten a clock, taking some broth, and as much at four a clock in the afternoon.  
Externall cure, for which inject this ℞ aq. Calc. viv. in qua dissol. Litharg. aur. ℥ iij. per ebul. Syr. ros. vel Myrtin. ℥ j Misc. vel aq. Plantaq. ℥ iij vitriol. Rom. pull. ʒ i s. diss. dress it. every other day, if matter flow not too plentifully.  
Real Cure in general. 
Cure.   
Diet as before, purge either with the Ale before, or some other proper, in the mean time use this ℞ Cayocost. el. de succ. rosar. ana ʒ iij. syr. ros. cum Agar. ℥ j aq. Cichor. ℥ iij. Misce: Consolidatives are also to be used, as ℞ sarsap. ℥ iiij. Cuai. ℥ vj. rad. Torment. Osmund. regal. bistort. Symphyt. ana ℥ j Eupat. virg. Aureae & (si nil restat praeter consolidationem, & cicatrizationem, sum Hyper. & sigil. Salom. ana Mj. passul. mayor exacinat. ℥ iij. liqui. ℥ ij. sem. Corand. Faenic. dull. ana ʒ v. infunde infundenda in aq. sont. feru. lb xx. coq. lento igne, additis reliquis ad consume. lb viij. ac coletur decoctum; if the party be strong, let him drink three pints a day one ss pint in the morning, another at four a clock in the afternoon, and at dinner and supper a quart, if they be weak, add sugar, and make by evaporation a julep, which administer according to strength, as lb vj. of the decoct. Mel. & Sacc. ana lb j  
In Externall cure, five things are observable.  
First, Dilation, which is either by incision if the party bestrong, and it superficial, being sure no cavities be left for fear of relapse; or by a sponge prepared with Melilot plaster. Thirdly, by the Fistula Tent.  
2. Intention is to remove the callus if it be not confirmed, it will in probing be painful and bleed; now it's removed either by Medicament or actual Cautery: the first is of three sorts; the first is to be used to young persons its in a fleshly part, and the callosity is small, as unguent Peti ℥ j cum Turb. min. ʒ j The second is more strong, and are for strong bodies, etc. as ung. Apost. & Turb. as before mixed. The last sort are Caustics, the more gentle is Turb. mixed in greater quantity than before. The more harsh, as ℞ Realgar. alb. Auripigm. & Calc. viv. ana part. aequ. this is good in strumas also; to use these, if incision be sprinkle the callus with them, if by the sponge mix your powders with unguent. popul. wherewith anoint your Tents, or apply Troch made of the same medicaments, upon these apply an Anodyne Catap. as ℞ Lac. vaccin. lb j Mic. pan. alb. ℥ vj. Coq. ad Catap. consist. tum add unguent. Popul. ℥ ij. cum Hyos. ℥ s. Crociʒ i s. qnod applicetur part. affectae mane & vesperi.  
Note that you let your Tent Troch pop out of themselves, if there be many sinuosities make injection ℞ aq. plantag. lb j in qua dissol. vitriol. vomit. ʒ ung. Aegyp. ℥ s. Syr. ros. sicc. Caryophyl. ana ℥ ijs. Misce vel ℞ vitriol. vomit. Caphu. Calcin. simul bol. ver. ℥ iiij. aloes ℥ s. aq. font. lb vj. coq. ad consume. 3. part, the Articall Cautery is not convenient.  
3. Intention is to mundify as ℞ vini. alb. lb s. ung. Aegyp. ℥ s. spir. viniʒ vj. Misce, inject this warm once a day till it be mundified.  
The 4. Int. is to consolidate the part, for which, take this, Take rad. Aristol. rotund. Torment. bistort. cumfrey, Centaurie, golden road, burnet, plantain, knot grass, yarrow, and Solomon seal, put these into a Limbeck, and water to come three inches above the simples, draw out the Spirits, and reserve them, take the decoction to every quart of it, ad Mel. Sac. ana lb s. clarify it with the white of eggs, and than strain it again, boiling it after to a Syr. of which ℞ ℥ j with the spir. ℥ ij. and make injection, this is excellent.  
The fifth Intention is to cicatrise it, which is to be performed when the matter is small, thick, and the place voided of pain and Tumour.   

CHAP. VI Fistula Lachrimalis.  
IT's situated in the greater corner of the eye, being pressed, the matter flows the probe will pass to the very end of the sinus.  
Prognostic. 
Prognost.   
It's of hard curation in regard of the motion and moisture of the motion and moisture of the place if the bone be foul, and lips livid.  
Cure.  
Let bleeding and purging be repeated, Cups vesicatories, and Caustics be applied, 
Cure.  exhib. the decoct. of Chin. & sarsap. for many days at the same time, dry the brain with fumes and powders as in the curation of Catarrh.  
Externall.  
First, dilate it, 
Externall  than remove the Callus with this, ℞ Turb. M ʒ ij Alum call. ℥ j Misce of the powder. ℞ ʒ ij. ung. popul. ℥ j f. ung. and with it as in your Tents. To mundify ℞ aq. rutae ℥ ij. Syr. a succ. rut.. ℥ ij. aut Mel. ros. Misce dress once a day. To incarn ℞ ij. aq. plantag ℥ ij. Syr. Mirtil. aut ros. rub. sicc. ℥ j Misce. Dress with this but every other day, unless quittor do flow remarkably. If the bone be foul, either the actual Cautery must be applied, or this course to be followed, first find out the cavity, with a bended probe both upward and downward, than draw a line with nick between the glandule of the eye and the pupilla; than make incision to the bone, dividing the parts incised with you nail till you can put in a pretty pledget; after thrust in a Troch made of Turbith. M. vitriol. vomit. & Ter. sigillat. wrought with ung. popul. till it be a stiff paste, & afterwards dried, upon which apply pledgets armed with popul. being kept on, cum diapal. cum succis, malaxed with the oil of Henbane, afterwards filling the orbit of the eye, with little bolsters moistened in sperm. ranar. cum Camph. & so roll it up, dress it thus twice a day till the Troch with the callus fall out of themselves, than diligently ulew the bone, & so how much is carious, to which apply if the party be strong, pull. Euphorb. or if weak, pull. Cephalic. the cavity fill up with prepared sponge upon it pledget of popul. etc. after the scale is fallen which is about the twenty day mundify and cure, S. A.  
If the whole substance of the bone be foul, pierce it with a gimlet, that the matter flowing inward, it may be healed up, and this is the last refuge: If you perceive it malign, or tend to cancrosity which is known by the hard and livid brims, pain, stinking, and virulent matter, apply this ℞ Calamin. usti & in vini acet. extincti ℈ j Myrrh. plumbi usti & lot. ana ℈ s. Croci g. v. opij g. ij. aeris usti ℈ iiij. decoc. faenugr. vel axung. lot. in aq. ros. Misceantur exquisite omnia super lapidem pictorum; this is also excellent for all ulcers of the eyes whether malign or no.   

CHAP. VII. Fistul. Thoracis.  
Prognostic.  
Heard to cure: 
Prognost.  If it hath corrupted the diaphrag. incurable.  
Cure.  
First, 
Cure.  convenient diet.  
Secondly, pectoral decoct. (upon the use of which the cure chief dependeth) as that of Arceus, or the experimented ℞ sarsap. ℥ vj. Guaiac. ℥ v. Chin. ℥ iij. rad. enulae ℥ i Capill. Ven. scabios. fol. Tussil. Vener. scolopend. summit. Hyper. ana Mj. flor. borrag. buglos. viol. betonic. ana p. 1. polypod. ℥ iij. liquer. ℥ j Passul. majore exacinat ficuum ping. incisa. ana ℥ ij. infundantur ista per noctem in aq. fontan. feruentis lib. twenty-four. deinde lento igne coq. ad consumpt. lib. viij. ac coletur decoctum bibat aeger sing. diebus lib. iiij. i.e. ss. at five a clock in the morning, four in the afternoon, at his meals two pints, and the rest between. If the ending of the Fistula be lower than the external orifice, a lower is to be made by incision, beginning at the beginning of the next rib, 
Cure.  and not at the lower end of that above the which, the orifice shows itself, for under is a vein, artery, and nerve couched.  
First, divide the skin, than make way through the intercostal muscles, after dry all this with a sponge, and put into the incision a swelling sponge; if you pass not further than pleura, you need not fear, if you do, beware of the diaphragma & pericardium. If with it there be a Marasmus or hectic (use cool and moistening diet, and of easy concoction) and the orifice be inconvenient, you may pronounce them incurable or very difficult. For a Marasm: it's an immoderate dryness and consumption of the body by reason of the defect of humidity substantial, of which there is two degrees:  
The first, is in fieri in consuming.  
The second, is in facto esse, or consummate.  
In the first, the muscles begin to fall, the skin becometh flaggy, strength and ability decay, and a manifest defect and impotency in the body in all the faculties. Against this degree, contend with a moist diet.  
If in the second degree the eyes grow hollow, the colour of the skin fadeth, the forehead dry and stretched, the eyelids heavy, temples hollow, and one would think that the belly wants its contained parts, these are past cure.  
Now Maras. is twosold, for one is accompanied with heat, and may be called a dry Marasm. and the other accompanied with cold, and this is twofold; the one natural which is decrepit old age; and the other unnatural, and is a decay by reason of sickness, and doth follow a burning or Hectic fever, or else by medicaments used in the curing of them, for the Hectic doth not only waste the natural humidity, but the heat also, thence the heart becomes colder than it aught.  
Sign. 
Sign   
In this case the pulse and breathing is small, weak, slow, and cold.  
A Hectic is an unnatural heat which seizing upon the solid part wasteth their moisture. Where note, as in the body there is a threefold moisture, viz. the blood, a dewy substance and glutton. So there is three degrees of Hectics.  
In the beginning when the two first humidities begin to fail, the Hectic is not easily discerned, although the curation is not difficult; but if the Radical moisture which keepeth together the Terrestrial substance of every part be consumed as it's easily discerned, so hardly cured, as long as the moisture is somewhat plentiful, sufficient to entertain natural heat. The body seemeth well coloured, of a comely figure, of a decent quantity; but if contrary, leave such a one to himself, unless he implore your help; than for the Fistula itself, inject of aq. plantag. cum syr. ros. sicc. cover your Tents and pledget with diachylon. sym. for the Maras: appoint broths of mutton, veal, or chicken, wherein damask prunes, rasins stoned, currants washed and bruised, Mallow flowers and roots, Marrygold, cinque foil, cowslip flowers, and colts foot leaves and flowers, have been boiled, jellies are made of young cockerels and veal, with a little mace and nutmeg; let him have between meal's almond milk made of the broth of chickens boiled with French barley, use every morning and evening Ass milk, or Goats, or Cows, milked through the conserve of borage or bugloss flowers, Calves, and Sheep feet stewed are good with currants; sometimes let him eat pig's flesh, if he have mind to fish, grant him Whiting-mops, Smelts, Perches, young Pickerels, Trout, Sole, Flounder and Plaice, sometimes Eels, poched eggs, cum Butyr. S.S. and aq. ros. are good for breakfast.  
If a Hectic be the cause of a Maras. than you must moisten and cool in the broths, than boil borage, succory roots, sorrel, luiula, primrose, violets, flor. bor. & bugloss, let his salads be lettuce, spinach, and purslane, boiled in chicken broth, use almond milk every morning, & even, as ℞ amygd. d. ℥ ij. sem. 4. frig. mayor ana ℥ j sem. pap. alb. ʒij. cum aq. Hord. s. q.f. Emul. quae dulcor Man. Christ. perlatis, vel adde sac. q. s. Misc. super igne & f. sapeda vel ℞ conser. ros. viol. cichor borrag. buglos. ana ℥ j spec. diamargar. frig. santil. citrin. ana ℥ s. come syr. viol. f. Elect. administer no milk, but butter milk sour with sugar, which is excellent, if they complain of heat and watching, give twice a week, Phylon. Persic. cum diacod. Syr. rad. caryoph. capil. ven. in aq. sperm. ranar. vel pap. Use nourishing Glisters often in less quantity than others. Externally use baths & ointments, as ℞ Gum, trag. Arabic. ana ʒj. infu. in aq. ros. per diem & noctem ad ol. viol. ℥ js. butyr. recent. ℥ j Camphor. ℥ i Misce in mortar Lac. mulier. is excellent: Anoint the whole body three hours after supper, one cured thus in a month; if thus they recover their strength and a good habit of body, than they may recover, which if they do, first, remove the Callus, in which let not the Troch reach to the cavity jest it fall upon the diaphrag: and so cause death, after mundify cum aq: Calc: & mel ros: incarn cum aq: plantag: & Sir: e ros: the pledgets being dipped in the Sir: or Sir: Myrtle: and above apply Empl: Paracelsi. Remember if a flux follow a Maras: than use aq: hord: cum Sir: Cydon else Rice pottage, excellent.   

CHAP. VIII. Fistula's of the back, belly and joints:  
FOr the first, if the vertebr: be foul they are incurable, which only dress cum aq: plantag: regin. pratens: syr: ros: sicc: & spir: vini being tinctured with aloes, myrrh mastic, & Crocus, you may judge the vertil foul if extraordinary store of stinking sores flow out, the party daily grow weaker, and more extenuate, notwithstanding all means.   

CHAP. IX. Belly.  
FOr the second, of the Belly, they are of two sorts:  
First, those in the groin.  
Secondly, those in the Ano:  
The first falls out most often after veneral bubos or in Plethoric and Cacochym bodies, yet sometimes they are above the groin: If in these the guts be eroded, they are incurable, therefore use an inject ex rub: vino in quo par. alum. dissol: cum syr: Mirtin: lot the party observe to eat calves and sheep feet stewed, sheep and calves heads, Rice boiled in milk, wherein steel hath been often quenched, every morning and evening take a draught of Aligant warmed with a white toast, keep the orifice open with a sponge until the gut be consolidated, than proceed as in Fistula's in general, if they run only superficially, the best cure is by incision.   

CHAP. X. In Ano.  
FOr that in Ano, it either peirceth into intestinum rectum, or not, if it do, the excrement and wind will break forth with the matter, the injection and probe will pass into the gut that you may feel the latter; it is hard of cure, being the jakes of the body.  
Cure, is either by incision, injection or deligation; the two former have been sufficiently handled, which are to be used when it peirceth not intestinum rectum, to consolidate use the Syr. Magistr: & pull. Cephalic. if you cannot conveniently use the first, use the Troch: or the sponge; for the last deligation, first dilate, than remove the callus, after bind it with sealed thread, or silk twisted, put one end of the thread in the eye of the probe, after thrust it in at the sinuosity into intestine. rectum, where have your finger ready to receive the thread, and draw it out at ano if it be not thick and long, you may bind it at twice, otherwise you must use sundry, after it's done, cure S.A.   

CHAP. XI. Fistul. Juncturarum.  
IF they be not with corruption of Cartilages or bones, curable, if accompanied with hard tumours, its incurable.  
Cure, First, 
Cure.  dilate cum sponge proper.  
Secondly, remove the callus cum pull. Turb. Min. Ter. lem. sigillat. bol● orient. vitriol. vom. an. part. aeq. Misce cum ung. popul. for easing pain, ℞ ol. Lumbric. Cham. Aneth. ana ℥ ij. furfur. flor. Cham. farin. Hord. aesypi and ℥ ijs. vini aligant. ●x. f. Catap. renew it twice a day, after Callus is removed, cure. S.A. If they be incurable, move the patiented to suffer dismembering, before they grow weak, whether foot or arm; but in aged and crazy persons beware.   

CHAP. XII. Malign Ulcers.  
NOw of Malign Ulcers, which are not easily cured, they have fierce causes, extraordinary symptoms, and yield not to ordinary medicaments, these hap when Cachexia hath possessed the ulcerated part, and do corrupt the aliment sent for nourishment thereof, this is done either by putrefaction, or a venomous quality communicated.  
Sign, 
Sign.  Of Malign Ulcers, great pain, plenty of virulent and stinking matter. The first is, Herpes' exedens.   

CHAP. XIII. Herpes' exedens.  
IT's livid and uneven, the middle heals, and lips remain sore, they appear most often in old people in the leg at the beginning of the tails of the Muscles, being very painful and rebellious, the lividity is caused by melancholy joined, when its absent, the part is yellowish.  
Prog. Not easily cured, the liver, Gall & porus bilaris, being out of frame, and so they not able to evacuate the humour by the guts and urine, and therefore they pass to the habit of the body by the veins and arteries. If Atra bilis be added its more hard to cure.  
Cure. First, 
Cure.  stay the humour by purging, pull. Nost. sol. or ℞ rhab. ℥ j fol. sen. ʒiij. zz ʒ s. spic. ℈ s. infundantur ista per hor. 2. in aq. Font. fervent. ℥ vj. deinde. lento igne exhalent. ℥ iij. ac coletur decoctum in quo dissol. Mannae & syr. Cichor. cum rheo ana ℥ j Misce ut f. potio, if the body be Plethorae or cacochy. use a purging decoction for sundry days, as ℞ rad. Cichor. nalu. borrag. ana ℥ js. polyp. q ℥ ij. flor. borage. buglos. viol. ana p. 1. fol. sen. & Hermod. ana ℥ ij. sem. anis. & faenic. d. anaʒuj. rhei. ℥ vj. liquir. ℥ js. infundantur infundenda per noctem in aq. Font. fervent. lb viij. sequent. die adjectis reliquis coq. ad medias, ac coletur decoctum quod aromatieztur cinam. ʒuj. sumat. aeger mane lb s. ac tantundem hor. 4. pomeridiana, betwixt ten and eleven a clock, let them take some broth, caudle, or alebury, exhibit the medicament in Summer cold, and in Winter hot.  
Second Intention is to evacuate the humour imparted, this is done by such medicaments as abate spungeous flesh, as the Troch Mus. Andronis, etc. but the best is Turbith M. as ℞ Turb. Mj. ʒij. alum. Calc. ʒj. Mis. these are to be mixed with Paracel. Mundif. to every ℥ of it adding a ʒ of pull. use these till the ulcer be read, leave spreading, and be very clean: where note, it mercu. proper lot. in aq. ros. & mis. cum ung. sarcot. doth admirably heal rheumetick ulcers in tender persons.  
Third Intention, wherein first fill up the cavity, than cicatrize it, for which use ung. Enul. cum merc. to an ℥ of which, add flos sulph. ℥. vel spir. vitriol. as for the rest proceed S.A.   

CHAP. XIV. Phagedaena & Nome.  
THese may be jointly handled because of the likeness of the symptoms, the first is an ulcer corrhoding skin and flesh, having the brims tumified, but without putrefaction.  
The second is a consuming ulcer, without Tumour in the brims, endued not only with malignity, but putrefaction of the part feeding upon the adjacent sound parts, and that deeply.  
Cure. If the party be weak, 
Cure.  use these Pills, ℞ aloes ℥ ij. rhei, agaric. Trochis. anaʒj. Myrrh. ℈ ij. Mast. ℈ j syr. August. q. s.f. massula; does. ℥ j Pilulce 2 pondoʒ s. a primo somno vel sumat. unam aut paulo ante caenam, alteram paulo antequam ineatur somnus. To the strong, use Pil. Hier. Diacolocynth. vel Aggregat. mayor. whether they be weak or strong, use decoct. of Sarsap. Guaia & vul. Herbs, sometimes these possess the privy parts after impure copulation.  
For local applycations. To the first, apply unguent. popul. & album Camphorat. an. part. aeq. Misce: As for noma, it requires stronger medidicaments, this following may serve both, ℞ Calc. viv. vitriol. vomit. Auripigment. ana ℥ ●. Malicor. Balaustior. C. C. usti, gallar. Pumicis calcin. alum. usti, Aristol. rotund. ana ℥ s. Croc. Mart. Plumb. calcinat. alum. usti anaʒvi. cum mel despum. f. Elect. vel primo infund. absinth. Card. b. Centaur. Min. Scord. Chamaedryos malicor. ballast. Galla. rad. Arist. rot. in acet. forti, ℞ Hujus Aceti colati ℥ seven. Aerug. ℥ v. mel. ℥ fourteen. Coq. lento igne ad ung. consistentiam: This is effectual in venere all ulcers of the throat, privy parts, and all sordid ulcers, these are to be continued till they spread not more, look read, and be well mundified, after cure. S.A.  
Note that you promise' sudden cure ofno ulcer if it hath continued a month, and if any uIcer in what part soever be more painful, than the solution of such an unity requireth, and yields not to medicaments, suspect there is a latent malignity.   

CHAP. XV. Cancer.  
IS a Tumour unequally painful, hard, livid, and hot, having full veins in the adjacent parts. In the beginning, being hard to discern, being no bigger than a Pea, proceeding from Bil. Atra, begotten of yellow choler caused from a hot distemper of the liver, weakness of the spleen, stopping of the Hemorod or menstr. or from ill diet, as by hot things; showing themselves most commonly at the end of Sumer, and in the harvest quarter.  
Prog. None are of easy curation. 
Prognost.  If they possess any great cavity, as Matrix and Anus, deal not with them by excision, caustic or burning. If they be great, and the party weak, incurable: If in the outward parts and superficial, and be not of remarkable bigness, they may by incision be cured.  
Cure. 
Cure.  Diet cold and moist, shun all melancholy meats, as also watching, immoderate grief and labour, as also all other things which thicken the blood, and inflame the humours. Bleed in the full of the moon, for it miraculously stayeth the ebullition of blood, assuageth pain, and hindereth increase of the Tumour. If it be in the lip, open Cephalic, if in the breast the Basilic of the right arm; if in the right breast. If in the Matrix or Anus, open ven. Poplit. or Saphaena. Purge ℞ pull. Sanct. ʒ●s. syr. ros. dam. ℥ j seri. Lact. q.s. f. pot. at the first exhibit them twice a week, and afterwards a day before, or after every quart, and full of the Moon. The fittest applications outward, are those that repel and digest, as ung. de Ranis viridibus, Catap. made of succ. solani, farin. siligi. & ung. popul. vel coclear. & Hederan vel far. lupi, aq. sper. ranar. & fol. Herb. Ropert. Take a good number of green frogs, whose mouths fill with fresh butter, afterwards put them into an earthen pot well glazed, having the bottom full of holes and a cover, place this in the mouth of another set in the earth, lute these well together, and the cover of the upper pot; than for the space of three hours, let a gentle fire of charcoal be set about the upper pot; when the pots are cold, take out the frogs of the upper pot, and beaten them into fine powder, than mingle the moister in the lower pot with the powder, and f. unguent. a plate of lead rubbed with merc. viv. excellent.   

CHAP. XVI. A Cancer ulcerate.  
IT's ugly, having a moist stinking smell, thick lips, and turned outwards, greenish and fretting, yielding a sanies black, or of a dark yellow colour, and is exceeding painful; in the thighs and legs its called lupus, etc. for inward means. ℞ rad. bugloss. & Cichor. ana ℥ j fol. Agrmon. borag. ceterag. & veronic. ana M s. Coq. cum pull. gallinaceo. in Col. dissol. Cremor. Tarta. ʒj. f. juscul. which take twelve mornings every fortieth day, add ℥ ij. of this syr. ℞ succ. rec. express. & per resident. depurator. borag. bugl. fumar. Cichor. lb iij. succ. veronic. & Pomor. redol. ana lib.j. Sen. Mund. ℥ vj. Epithym. ℥ ij. rhei. & Agar. rec. Troch ana ℥ j zz. & Caryoph. ana ℥ j infund. & decoq. ut artis est donec colaturae super sint lib. 5. in quibus dissol. sacc. alb. lb 5. f. syr. in last does. of the broth, add extract. Helleb. Nig. g. iiij. after the broth, use warm bath for three days, apply the leeches, make font. in each thigh Fifteen days, after the taking the extr. take the same quantity again, cum. diaprun. sol. ʒiij. apply outward ung. ranar. virid. If it be in the Matrix or Ano, use proper injections, as aq. sper. ran. cum pull. ranar. If Cancer in other parts be superficial, you may eat them out with Arsenic, Subls. or ol. ejusdem cum ol. rosar. Lepros. come next in order, but because it's seldom presented to be cured, we pass it by, and come to accidents that hinder cure, and these are either familiar to nature, or estranged from it: of the first of these we will first speak, and in the first of Superfluous flesh.   

CHAP. XVII. Superfluous flesh:  
WHich is abated with Turbith. M. ʒij. alum. ustiʒj. Misce; if it be too hard apply caustic, or cut it of, the last is best.  
Corruption of the bones, the causes are either outward, as cold and heat exceeding, or inward, as superfluous humidity, sharp and malign matter.  
The signs are either sensible when the bone is black, feel rugged, if the flesh above be spungeous, or of a livid colour, if Tents reaching to the bones smell, or intellectual, if quittor flow too plentifully be thin and stinking; if it admit of skinning, and break forth again, if it be long in healing, and rebel against proper medicaments, its soul.  
Cure. 
Cure.  First, lay bore the bone, either by incision, caustic, or dilatation.  
Secondly, scale the bone, cum pull. euphorb. excellent, if it be deep with some instrument, sometime by actual cautery when humidity abounds and the bone feels soft, pull. Cephalic is good, ℞ mum. sarcoc. anaʒ s. euphorb. ʒj.f. pull.   

CHAP. XVIII. Of a discoloured.  
THe first is of four sorts, read, yellow, livid or black, read proceeds from heat, or by blood offending either in quantity or quality. The first is known if the body be plethoric. The second, if it be too hot and fervid.  
For the first, bleed, scarify the part, and apply leeches, if it hap through defect of Hemorod or menstr. procure their fluxion: The first by applying the leeches: The second by using Elix. propriat. or pill pestilent Arab. being taken sundry mornings. For the second, open Saphaen. in foot is most apparent, exhib. calyb. medicament: for quality use cold and moist diet, apply acet. ros. vel sambuc. & acetum.  
Secondly, livid coming by corrupt and black blood settled in the part; for this you are to scarify, apply leeches, after foment. cum oxymet. dissol. in aq. Card. bened. If it proceed from cold which is perceived by the temper of the part apply this, ℞ a Turnip and a radish root, scrape these two, and add to them of the powder of mustardseed, ℥ j Caryoph. pull. ʒiij. ol. lini & jugland. q.s.f. Catap. which apply warm, this hath cured divers Gangrenes.  
Thirdly, black, which may either proceed from heat or cold, if from heat an inflammation went before. If from cold lividity did proceed, which is a sign of mortification, especially if no heat or feeling do remain.  
In both these cases the parts are profoundly to be scarified, using a lixiwm, wherein is decocted absinth. Centaur. Minas, Scordium Card. bened. flor. Cham. aneth. flor. Melilot. after fill the incision of the scarifications, with some of the medicament following using a feather, ℞ oxym. simp. ℥ ij. ung. Aegyp. ʒiij. spir. vini ℥ ij. Misce, after apply this, Catap. ℞ Farin. fab. Hord. & orob. ana ℥ iiij. lixiu. mitioris lb iiij. Coq. ad Catap. tum adde oxymel. s. ℥ ij. ung. Egypt. ℥ j mix all well, continued the use of these medicaments till the part return to its right colour.   

CHAP. XIX. Varicous Ulcer.  
WHich is the tumefication of the veins, by reason of superfluous gross blood, it happens oftenest to those that have bad spleens to men rather than women, it's caused by thick and impure air, immoderate exercise, long standing, thick wine, and gross food.  
Prognost. 
Prognost.  If they appear in those that are mad by reason of melancholy, the grief ceaseth, they mitigate bunchings of the body, those that proceed from the spleen, are not to be cured.  
Cure Physical, 
Cure.  use convenient diet, purge often gross humours, as ℞ Elect. lenti. ℥ vj. pull. sanct. ʒ. syr. Cichor. cum rheo. ℥ j M. cum aq. ejusdem q.s. ut f.p. Chirurg. The best is to take up the vein above and below, and upon it betwixt the deligation, that the blood may be discharged out of it.   

CHAP. XX. Vermous and lousy Ulcer.  
WHich is known by a strange itching and pain in the part and stink: use decoct. of dry Tobacco, excellent, or ℞ absinth. Centaur. M. Marrub. ana Mj. Coq. in aq. Fontan. in lb. v. cola. dissol. aloes ℥ s. ung. Aegyp. ʒiij. Misce.   

CHAP. XXI. Particular Ulcers, first of the head.  
WHich are of two sorts, moist and dry: the first are two, Acher & Favus, the former is an ulcerous Tumour of the head in the skin, read and duglike, having small holes, out of which issueth a thin and ulcerous sanies; the latter is the like, only the holes are larger, and the humour in thickness like honey. Note they are contagious, and are caused of sharp and fretting humours, in both there is an itching, and the Favus hath scales, they are of hard curation.  
For Cure, use the same diet prescribed in Cancer, if Plethor, and the head be full of corrupt blood, bleed in both arms, under the tongue, and vena Frontis, yea and the arteries of the temples. Purge first general, as ℞ Confec. Hamech. ℥ s. pull. sancti ℈ ij. Holland. ℈ j syr. ros. sol. cum Agar. ℥ j aq. betonic. ℥ iij. Misce f. Pot. but these are excellent. ℞ Pil. Aure. & aggreg. ana ℈ j Troch. Alhand. g. seven. spir. vitriol. gut. 5. f. pil. 5 ʒj. administer them once a week till the party be healed: For particular evacuation, use neezing. Concerning outward means, ol. Bombacinum, is excellent, as also water Cresses boiled in axungia, both which is also good for Tinea, a thing like a cap spread with a medicament made, ex pic. liquid. & Terbith. and applied for a month every day once, or every second or third day, is good; so general means have gone before; if children be presented, let the caps be so put on, that they may not pull the medicaments of. Secondly, if they be malign, meddle not with them till they be elder. ℞ Sulp. ʒij. sinapis ℥ s. staphyd. agriae. rad. bryon. anaʒj. acet. acerrim. ℥ j Turb. elect. ℥ s. ping. ursin. q.s.f. Lin. Tinea, little differ, only they are dry and crusty and commonly white; if this or other be in children Decoct. folior. nuc. Jugland. ung. Enulat. cum merc. duplic. a fontinell. in the hinder part of the head, is excellent.   

CHAP. XXII. Ulcer of the ears and eyes.  
OF the first of these, the causes, are either outward, as blows or falls; or internal, as sharp humours sent from the brain, it's sometimes with excrescence of flesh.  
Cure. First, purge, as ℞ Pil. aggreg. Aur. ana ℈ j Troch. Alhand. diagrid. ana ℈ s. spir. vit. q.s. & for. pil.. four dos. two at five in the morning, four hours after take broth.  
Cure external, 
Cure.  Troch Andronij dissol. in aceto sambuc. vel Croc. Mart. Coq. in vino aceto ad consistent. Lt. vel syr. sanatiu. In winter use Nicot. succ. coq. in ale, this is excellent, if it be foul, and worming, if they afford great store of quittor, dress them once a day, if not, once in two days, if there be excrescence of flesh; first administer the Pills, and than consume the flesh with the Fistule powder, after inject this, ℞ vini alb. ℥ ij. Aegypʒj. Mel. ros. ℥ s. Misce sir. after dressing on the sound part a good while.   

CHAP. XXIII. Of the eyes.  
WHich have the same causes as before. In curing use good diet, bleeding, purging, applying of the Seton or Fontin. the ulcers are either mild or malign, and because opthal. are the forerunners of the ulcers of the conjunctiva of it, we will first treat.   

CHAP. XXIV. Opthalmia.  
IT's a Tumour with pain, and horrible heat; of which there is three sorts.  
1. Conturbatio, arising from outward causes or inward, and is not much.  
2. Is real, and is always from an inward cause.  
3. Is called Chymosis, when the inflammation is so great that it causeth the turning up of the eyelids, which often falleth out to those that are very plethoric, and have abundance of Pituitous humours. If it be from the stomach, the desire to vomit, if from the head, there is a pain, if from the vessels without the Cranium they will be full in the forehead, the Arteries beaten, and the eyelids be heavy; if within, the party often neezeth, and the nose itcheth, if of blood, the face will be read, the veins full, if from flatuosities, there will be singing in the ears, and tensive pain, if from phlegm, the eyelids will in the night time cleave together.  
Cure. 
Cure.  Use cold and moist diet, after a clyster, let blood plentifully, if it be grievous: yea sometimes open Jugular (according to the length) if it be necessary, the opening of this is excellent in the megrim, inflammation, of the Pia & d. Mater & Polypus. Purge by repetition; if the disease be in princip. with pot. as ℞ Tamarind. ℥ s. sen. mund. ℥ iij. sem. anis. ℥ s. fol. end. chichor. fumar. ana Ms. coq. in aq. ad ℥ iiij. in Colat. infunde rhei elect & Myrobal. Citrin. ol Amyg. dull. cenfricatarum ana ℥ j Santal. Citrin. ℈ s. in express. dissol. Man. & syr. ros. ℥ j Misce f. Pot. if in the state, use pills, these excellent, ℞ Pil. luc. major ℈ ij. Aur. ℈ j Troch alth. g iiij. ol. faenic. gut. 6. cum syr. de staech. ad f. pil. 5. if there be suppress of customary evacuation, procure them, apply Cups vesicator. excellent defensitives to the forehead, Catap. to ease pain, as panis Cocti ℥ j Mic. pan. alb. ℥ s. ovum N. 1. cum lac. mulieb. in the eye use this Col. ℞ aq. ros. vini alb. ana ℥ ij. sacc. Cand. alb. ʒj. extinc. three times in the liquor, after powder it, and put it in, or ℞ vitriol. vomit. ℥ j dissol. in aq. ros. vel plantag. ℥ iij. ad ignem deind. Colat. this seton. or Font. are excellent, also vesicat in sinccipite opening of the salvitella is good.   

CHAP. XXV. Ulcers of Cornea.  
WHich are either superficiary or deep, caused of salt and nitrous humours.  
Cure. Seeing all ulcers of the eyes denote a body Cacochyme, 
Cure.  it's to be altered, but per epicrisin shunning all strong Catharticks. For topicalls, you can have not better than what is prescribed pag. 64. l. 10. Those that are malign may have the same, remembering to keep an exquisite diet, purge once a week, as ℞ spec. Hier. ℥ s. diagrid. ℥ ij. Troch. alb. ʒv. cum syr. August. f. Mass. does. ℈ j in one pill. Altar your bread and beer, with proper seeds and herbs, and use after meals a digestive powder, keeping the body open with Glisters; for Cancers they are either to be extirpated, or otherwise, only receive a palliative cure, with gentle medicaments.   

CHAP. XXVI. Ozaena.  
IT's a malign ulcer caused of sharp humours, eroding the part, being either contagious, or not, the latter is from the Lues ven. both are hard to cure.  
Use diet, and purging, such as may contemperate and take away the sharpness of the humour, bleed, use cups cum scar. as also vesicatories and Font. if necessary, purge twice a week with Extr. Rudii, as also Antimon. that purgeth most by stool, which is excellent.  
Externall Cure, First, remove the scabs, 
Cure.  moistening them with Amygd. d. ℥ j sper. Ceti ℥ ij. Misce, than to procure their fall, ℞ elleb. alb. nig. peti, ana ℈ j roris. salu. ana ℈ ij. Mosc. g. ij. f. pull. subtle. after that is fallen, use aq. Calc. viv. cum merc. d. vel aq. Aluminosa aut ung. Egypt. dissol. in aq. Hord. vel ℞ aq. plantag. ℥ iiij. merc. sub g. xij. bul. in phiala vitrea. ad consume. ss. vel ℞ ol. ros. ℥ ij. litharg. Aur. C.C. usti & pp. Tutia pp. plumb. usti anaʒij. procium in mortarium plumb. & come pistil. plumb. agitentur. ad form. Lt. ad parum succ. Geranij. Candles of read wax their smoke taken by a funnel at the nose is excellent; or the cautery, other ulcers may be cured by ordinary method.   

CHAP. XXVII. Ulcers of the mouth.  
ANd first of the lips, as also chaps for these, use Pomat. or the sweat behind ones ears, or ℞ Cerae Flau. ℥ ij. ol. ros. mel. & axung. porcin. in aq. ros. lot. anaʒiij. litharg. arg. Myrrh. zz. pull. ana ℥ j f. Lt. this is good in Fissur in any part of the body, for the ulcers whether they be mild or malign, ung. rub. Camphor. is excellent, as also in other parts.   

CHAP. XXVIII. Of ihe Palat.  
FIrst, touch them with this ℞ aq. Card. bened. plantag. & sper. ranar. ana ℥ iij. Mel. rosar ℥ ij. ol. vitriol. ℈ j after apply this, ℞ syr. ros. rub. sicc. e bacc. Myrti & de succ. granat. ana ℥ j ol. vitriol. ℈ s. dress it often. If the os Palati be bore, mix with the former sum pull. Cephal. if a small piece fall, its curable, if a great, you must use a silver plate.   

CHAP. XXIX. Of the Tongue.  
THe mild may be cured with this ℞ Hord. mund. ℥ iij. rad. alth. ℥ ij. liquor. ℥ js. bul. ista in lib. vj. aq. font. ad medias & Colat. cui add syr. viol. Tussilag. & scab. ana ℥ js. If malign, use merc. d. spir. sulph. in children, mix it come mel. ros. if they be above four year old, a. g. of laud. is excellent.   

CHAP. XXX. Of the Almonds.  
GArgar. cum decoct. morsus diabo. vel fol. scab. & Agrimon. ana Mj. nuc. cupress. ʒj. rad. ireos flor. & Aristol. rotund ana ℥ s. myrrh. ʒs. ros. rub. p. ij. Coq. in Hydromel ad lib. j colatura colluatur os frequ. after apply this, ℞ Centau. minor. rad. irid. star. Can. anaʒj. cum mel. despu. f. Elect. if they be hard they are never cured.   

CHAP. XXXI. Of the Throat.  
℞ AQ. Plantag. lib. i ros. rub. flor. Aurant. ana ℥ i mere. sub. ʒii. digerantur in arena per hor. quadrantem, ac coletur aq. qua in vase vitreo servetur, if by reason of these Ulcers, the party cannot swallow any solid meat; minister to the patiented merc. d. for four mornings together in new milk, and you shall find a wonderful effect.   

CHAP. XXXII. Ulcers of the Back.  
THese commonly fall out after sharp diseases, which continued till the fortieth day, or chronical diseases, whose time is uncertain, being from translation of the matter.  
Prognost. 
Prognost.  If the Tumour be long before broke or opened, hard to cure. If the vertebra be foul, or the body decayed, desperate; those in the upper parts are more easily cured than those in the loins.  
Cure. 
Cure.  Internal: First, purge ℞ aq. Cichor ℥ iij. syr. ros. cum agar. ℥ i elect. e succ. rosar. lenit. anaʒiij. Misce f. p. If ready to open, apply lap. infernalis, or any other; after mundify, cum vino alb. lb j Mel. ros. ℥ iij ung. Aegyp. ℥ j Misce, and in ject to Consol. ℞ aq. plantag. ℥ iiij. syr. My. tin. & e succ. ros. ana ℥ s. Troch. alb. ros. sine opioʒij. Mis. & injic. upon these, use diachy cum gum.  
As for ulcers of the joints, purge often, ℞ Elec. esucc. ros. Caryocost. anaʒiij. syr. ros. sol. cum agar. ℥ j aq. Cichor. ℥ iiij. apply to the ulcers Desiccat. rub. anoint the brims with this, ℞ ung. popul. alb. Camphor. ana ℥ j ol. Gydon. & pap. ana ℥ s. f. Linem. before you apply the medicaments, use a foment of sumach. Cortio. granat. ros. rub. & bac. myrtil. infus. in vini rub. stet. intus. in aq. Tepid.  
Of Thighs and Legs.  
Use purging, diet drink, vomit, sweat, apply aq. Camphor. vel ung. diapomph. cum alum. Cal. vel aq. Calc. viv. siccat.  
Of the Feet.  
Apply this Catap. ℞ far. fab.. ℥ ij. pull. rub. ros. ballast. & nuc. Cupres. anaʒij. Croc. ℈ j Coq. cum aq. plantag. & ros. & aceti par. add vitel. ovi parumque ol. ros. apply it warm (using the former medicaments) it easeth pain, and Tumif. decreaseth proud flesh. So much for Ulcers.    


SECT. III. CHAP. I. Wounds.  
Defin.  
IT's a solution of unity, 
Defin.  caused by an external instrument, incising in any part of the body. The differences are in the cures. The general Prognost. are these: As,  
First, some are dangerous, 
Prognost.  which are sometimes cured, but for most part 'cause death, as superficial wound in the brain.  
Secondly, difficilia, such as may be cured if well dressed, if not, remain uncured, as some penetrating wounds of the breast.  
Thirdly, malefica, such as leave a hurt after they are cured, as the Nerves want motion, etc.  
Fourthly, Lethalia, as those that pierce deep into noble parts, or divided great vessels; Therefore in all  
Prognost. 
Prognost.  Observe these four things.  
First, the parts affected.  
Secondly, the adjuncts of the wound, as bigness, situation, etc. symptoms, or complicate, with other diseases.  
Thirdly, the habit of the body.  
Fourthly, the use of the part.  
For the part itself consider: 

First, the dignity.  
Secondly, the substance.  
Thirdly the temperature.  
Fourthly the situation.  
Fifthly, the quality: These   considered Prog. 
Prognost.  may be made surely. These premised, union is to be performed, which hath two intentions:  
First, Agglutination.  
Secondly, Concarnation. All fleshy part always and spermaticall parts till the sixth year admit of the first, after the second is to be used: the causes of union are two, efficient and instrumental: the efficient are Nature and Chyrurg: Nature is the chief, the Chyrurg: being a minister, and therefore is to accommodate Nature, with both common and proper duties necessary to both intentions. The common to both are first staying blood, and that's done eight ways:  
First, by applying pledget, with alb. ov. & posca.  
Secondly, deligation of the vessel.  
Thirdly, applying Galen powder, using it thus, couch the vessel with your finger, than cleanse the blood away with a sponge and read wine, after besprinkle about your finger with powder, apply upon the place pledgets with the same medicament, which keeping close down, fill the wound with pledgets or dorsells armed, and upon them a double cloth wet in some astringent liquor, rolling they up beginning below the wound, and at the wound run it three or four times about, dress it not till the third or fourth day, than all is to be taken away except the last, and new besprinkle it, and apply new pledgets: Thus after the first you are to dress it every other day, until the place be incarned, and no fear of a flux.  
Fourthly, by injection.  
Fifthly, by causing an escarr, cum umber & Cal. viv. aeq. part. f. L. cum alb. ov: & pil: lepor: this is also excellent in Amputation.  
Sixtly, by opening a vein.  
Seventhly, by setting them in cold water.  
Eightly, internal potions, as ℞ diascord. ℈ iiij. Phylon. perfic. ʒs. diacod. ℥ i aq: pap: erratic: vel sper: ranar: ℥ iii: M. f p sumend, frigid: after taking, keep quiet, and address himself to sleep, it may be given every twelve hours: the two last are excellent in bleeding of the nose.  
Second duty is to remove extraneous bodies, in which observe two things;  
First, the kinds of extraneous bodies; as first they are so by accident, and these are of three sorts: As first, soft, as contused flesh and clotted blood. Secondly, hard, as bones and Cartilages; or Thirdly, mean, as pieces of membranes, tendons and hair.  
Secondly, extraneous of their own nature, which are either soft, as pieces of garments; or hard, as steel, weapons, pullets, shivers of wood, gravel, etc. these are to be removed, such as may be by washing, and the rest with forceps: remembering things deep, painful, or difficult, (and yet the wound may be cured) may remain, as also if the wound be mortal, or cannot be got out by instruments, than apply the horned popyes, both the pimpernels and henbane, or this ℞ litharg. lb j ol. lb ij. Colopho. lb s. cerae ℥ iiij. amoniac. ari stol. rotund. ana ℥ ij. galban. rad. gentiance ana ℥ j Thur. ℥ js. arnog. rad. dictam cret. aloes Hepat. squam. aeris, propol. anaʒuj. f. Emp. s. a. this is excellent, as also against malign ulcers, drieth moist bones, being answerable in virtues to Paracels.  
The natural temperature of the part is to be preserved, and being lost restored, both which are to be done:  
1. By a due ordering of the six nonnatnrall things.  
Secondly, by applying apt medicament. Now the natural temper is the convenient dryness of the part for siccum est sano proximum; therefore the nonnaturall is to be ordered accordingly, as the air must be warm, diet cool and slender, till the seventieth day be past, their drink may be this, ℞ aq. Font. lb iij. vini alb. lb j avenae mund. ℥ iiij. Coq. ad consumpt. lb j Col. add aq. ros. Coch. iij. sac. oped. ℥ iiij. For evacuations bleed, if the wound be great or inflamed, if stitches be to be deep, pain much; if the body be plethor or feverish, if furious in Summer, or wound be in great joints, purge with Cholagog in wound of the joints, stitches be deep, inflammation, dilatation, incision, rasping of the bones, or an Erysip: Command rest, forbear immoderate sleep, remove all perturbations of the mind, and chief avoid Venus. As for the observation of excrements, Ichor is thin, and issueth either from the veins or wounded part; if from the first, its waterish, and thin, without noisome smell, having colour according to the humour predominate: if from the wound it hath an unpleasant smell: the second is sordes, this is compact and viscous, and cleaves to the part: Third is pus which is white, smooth, and equal.  
The causes of these, are either efficient, which is either natural or unnatural heat: The first begets good matter, the latter causeth putrefaction, and an ill smell: or material, and these are either contused flesh, which by digestion must be turned into quittor: or a humour which most commonly symbolizeth with the parts complexion, whether it be natural or accidental: the first is good, the latter ill; the last duty is the removing of general accidents, which accompany all sorts of wound, as pain and fainting: for the first, either anodyns, as ℞ ung. alb. Camphor. ol. lilior. aneth. vel Cham. f. Lt. if this prevail not, use Narcoticks, as ℞ ung. Pop. & alb. Camph. ana ℥ j ol. Hyoscyam & mandrag. ana ℥ js. Misce f. Lt. For fainting, use Confect. Acre. in aq. Cinam vel ℞ aq. ros. lb s. galang. g. xv. Cinam. ʒj. Caryoph. ʒv. contund. & Coq. in B M 2. hor. vel ℞ aq. Card. be ℥ iiij. Thiriacal. & Cinam. ana ℥ s. Confect. Alker. ʒij. diamarg. Calid. ʒ ijs. lap. Bezoar. orie ℈ j syr. acetoes. citri ℥ ij. aq. ros. odorif. Coch. 3. Misce ex la. exhib. Cochl. 1.3. quaque hor. post agitationem.  
We come to the last scope of a Chirurgeon, which is to unite, being performed either Aggluti. the first or Concarn. the second intention. Now for the first, three things offer themselves.  
First, the brims are to be joined together.  
Secondly, so to be kept.  
Thirdly, Agglutinall medicaments must be applied.  
In the first, let them be done by degrees.  
Secondly, equally.  
Thirdly, if stiff, foment with oil and water.  
As for the second to keep them joined, is first by dry stitching, viz. when pieces of cloth are applied, cum farin. volat. ℥ j Myrrh. mastic. Sang. drac. pull. ros. rub. gum. Tragac. f. pull. tenuis. cui add alb. ovi Nj. aq. ros. q. s. ad consistent. mel. The cloth must be strong indented, and be applied four hours before they be stitched, this may be used in women, eminent persons, and to strengthen the other.  
The next is stitching with needles, of which there are two kinds, as either the brims are kept together with the thread, or else the needle is also left in: of the first of these, there is 3. sorts:  
First, is the glovers stitch, which is used in the wounds of the bellies and great branches of aorta & vena Cava.  
Secondly, when stitches are taken distant one from another.  
The third is when the great muscles of the belly and Peritonaeum are wounded.  
The second is when the needles are left in, which is used in the cure of the hair-lip and in Trach, Arteria. Now the use of stitches is either to procure quick agglut. or to retain the parts, though distant asunder, and this may be used in wounds after the second intention.  
Thirdly, to stay bleeding; and not in stitching wounds; stitches are to be an inch asunder in long wound beginning at the ends, in short in the middle, the last way is rolling. The medicaments to be applied are Lt. Arcei bal. Nigr. Artif. as ℞ ol. olivar. Antiq. lb iij. ol. Terbint. Clar. lb ij. olib. pull. lb j rad. valerian Card. b. fl. Hyper. ana lb j frumenti Tritic. parum. contus. ℥ j Myrrh. ℥ j Herbar. infus. per 24. hor. in vino alb. tunc exprime & impone herb. in ol. 3 vel 4 horas tunc exprime; ejice: deinde ℞ ol. & infund. gum. agitando continue donec incorporentur deinde adde vinum & misce & decoq. donec vinum evaporet; this is excellent also to heal by Concarnation which is by the second intention, and this is to be followed when substance is lost, the bone is to scale, a great flux is feared, when wound is in the armpits, or great joints, and cachochyme bodies, or troubled with contagious or obstructive diseases: if superfluous flesh arise abate it. There happens upon wounds,   

CHAP. II. A Convulsion.  
WHich is a contraction together of the muscles, or parts appointed for voluntary motion towards their beginning; of which there is two sorts.  
First, natural when one of two muscles appointed for motion is contracted, the other being transversly wounded, as in the temporal muscle.  
Secondly, unnatural, and this is twofold.  
First, motus convulsivus, caused of a thin and halituous matter moving too and from, not long continuing.  
Secondly, convulsio vera, is caused either of plentiful gross matter, or by consent from a noisome vapour: of this there is four kinds▪ 

1. Emprosthotonos, i.e. when the neck and the rest of the body is drawn forward.  
2. Opisthotonos, i e. when the whole body is drawn backward.  
3. Tetanoes, i.e. when both back and fore parts are easily contracted.  
4. Spasmus Cynicus, i.e. when the mouth is pulled awry. The causes are three.    
1. Fullness, discerned by the thickness and fleshiness of the body, if the vessels appear full, the pulse be strong, the party look ruddy, the wound bleed little, and the urine laudable and plentiful.  
Cure. 
Cure.  First, bleed, use a slender diet, purge, beginning first with glisters, as ℞ diacath ℥ j Confect. Hamech. ℥ s. spec. Hier. pier. ʒij. ol. lil. alb. & Cham. ana ℥ j decoct. commu. pr. clyst. ℥ x. Misce f. Glyst. for to purge nothing so excellent as Hiera. ℞ Caryocost. Elec. e suc. ros. ana ʒiij. syr. ros. sol. cum Agar. ℥ j aq. lilior. Conval. flor. Tiliae vel ceras. nigror. ℥ iij. Misce f. potio, give this powder for a week, often sweeting, ℞ rad. vincitox. sarsap. succisae, Caryophy. ana ℥ ij. bac. lauriʒj. pull. rorism. salviae Thym. ana ʒs. spec. pleres archontic. diamosc. Amar. dianth. ana ℈ j f. pull. dosisʒj. in mane in aq. salviae roris. etc. as for externalls, use Pareus unguent, ℞ Salviae Chamapit. Majora. rorism. Menth. ruta lavenda ana Mj. flor. Cham. Melil. Aneth. Hyter. ana p. ij bac. lauri juniperi, ana ℥ ij. rad. Pyrethr. ʒij. mastic. assae odorat. ana ℥ j Teribinth. venet. lb j ol. lumbr. Aneth. Catulor. ana ℥ vj. ol. Terebinth. ℥ iij. axung. Human. ℥ ij. Croc. ʒ. vini alb. odorif. lib. js. cer. q. s. Contund. contund. pull. pulver. postea Coq. cum ol. & axung. praedict. & f. Lr. add aq. vil. ℥ iij. anoint the spina baths is excellent, especially sulphur, as also foment, and the parts lapped up with the skins of foxes, cats, coneys, or hair dressed, your foment and baths must be made of hot herbs, the first with sack and mustard; the second with water and milk; a third part of oil, being added, optimum etiam est fovere occiput & cervicem aq. vit. Calente.  
If from emptiness (which is rare) the signs are contrary to the former, in this use only emolient glisters, baths, and anoint as in Feb. Hect. If by consent it happens, three ways:  
1. From a malign vapour, as in poisoned wound; in this dilate the wound, than apply cups to it, in it put Mithrad. dissol. in spir. vini vel aq. Ther. parum mercurii proper.  
2. From pain, than use as Chap. 32. Sect. 3. If by cold; first keep the party in a warm room, apply this, ℞ pinguid. Canin. ursi & equin. ana ℥ ij. ol. rapor. Cham. & rutae ana ℥ s. f. Lt. in this case its excellent. Foment the part with decoct of Turnip. Note those that have a Tetanoes, either die in four days, else escape. A Convulsion, after a wound is commonly deadly: if after raving or immoderate bleeding, ill. If in the face use gargar. errhin. sternut. Cups, if a fevor follows its incurable; if it proceed from choler to open the right salvatell, is excellent: if from wind, the decoct. of Ebony forty days: if from fullness, pil. faetidae Hier.   

CHAP. III. Palsy.  
WHich is opposite to the former, is when the parts are so loosened and weakened that they are not fit for voluntary motion; the causes of which though many (viz. cold air, immoderate Venus, narcotick medicaments, drunkenness, especially by wine, yet more frequently from phlegm, the nerve being made thicker and narrower, and so unapt to receive the Animal spirits. The narrowness being caused either from obstruction by a thick tough humour, or by compression, with a humour, or tumour contusion, a sudden luxation, a straight ligature, or leaning upon a part cold, or by solution of unity, and that is, when either divided by a wound, or sharp humour.  
Signs. 
Signs.  It's a privation of motion, sometimes of feeling, which is either universal or particular. If it possess one side of the face and body, than that side of the brain and spina, is the cause; if one side of the face, than that side of the brain; if the head be sound, and either side affected, it comes from the spin. medul. of the same side; if the arms, the 5, 6, & 7, Vertebra of the neck is affected; if the legs, it's in the vertebra of the loins, & or sacrum: if any particular part be paralytic, than the causes is in the sprig of some nerve inserted in that part.  
Prognost. 
Prognost.  If from a nerve transversly cut in sunder, incurable; if strong and proceeding from an inward cause, in old persons in winter time, following an apoplexy, wherein both motion and feeling is lost after strong and sudden luxation of the vertebra, if the part be extenuated and colour changed, its hard to cure, a trembling after a palsy, the part hot, and fever follow, its good, as also if the belly flux; but if the party's eye be weak on the side affected, its incurable.  
Cure. 
Cure.  Diet, dry and warm, instead of ordinary drink, use the decoct of Guaic. or in the beer hung a bag of herbs which strengthen the nerves, forbear wine; use clysters, if Plethor. ven. sect. on the sound parts by degrees, but sparingly, after which, presently use frictions on the sound part, and lightly upon the part affected. Use purging, as in cold affects of the head, every fourth or fifth day; if the disease be contumacious, use these Pills once a week, ℞ Mass. pil. faetidar. mayor. & Coch. Min. anaʒs. Troch. alhand. g. iiij. but because the humour need pp. therefore betwixt every dos. of pills, for three or four days before take three or four ounces of this following, every morning two hours before meat; ℞ Mel. ros. Col. ℥ v. aq. salviae, melissoph. primul. ver. vel rori●mar. ana ℥ v. the days which are free take some Cephalik elect. as ℞ Castorʒs. Conser. fior. Beton. ℥ j misce.  
Externall. Use frictions, apply cups to the heads of the muscles of the affected part, let it be narrow and stay but a while, touch the stupid part with quick nettles, foment with nerval herbs, after anoint with unguent, Par. vel ℞ succ. fcil. ℥ iiij. succ. Cucumeris silvestris, suc. rutae ana ℥ j euphorb. Castor. sag openei amontac. bdel. in aceto dissolutorum ana ʒj. Myrrh. thuris, pyrethri, nitri, ana ʒj. ol. sambuc. ol. Terebinth. ol. euphorb. ana ℥ s. pulveres subtle. pulu. & cum cer. f. unguent. after keep it warm, Bal. not. or Artif. is excellent, as also baths of sulph. made of 6 lb. of sulph. and 100 lb. of water; the former unguent is excellent in all cold affects of the nerves.   

CHAP. IV. Wounds by poisoned weapons.  
Signs. 
Signs.   
THey 'cause unaccustomed and intolerable pain, strange Tumours appear, the part is of a livid black or spotted colour, though not contused, in time the part putrefieth, and sendeth forth a stinking sanious quittor.  
Prog. 
Prognost.  None can be secure, if the signs abate by methodical means there is hope.  
Cure. 
Cure.  If the poison have not passed the part wounded, and the person be not eminent, tender, or fearful, apply the actual Cautery, after which, use deep scarif. which must reach to the sound part, 'cause the fall of the escar. If the poison hath passed deep into the body, use not the actual Cautery. If the party be tender and fearful, use Cups, after scarif. to the part, use Basil. commis. cum merc. pp. vel Turbith. M. lot. cum Theriac. vel elec. de ovo, to the place adjoined oxycroceum, this do, unless the wounded part be so hot that it threatens a gangreen, for than you are to go about to meet with the symptomes, leaving the grief for a while. In these wounds till three days be expired, refrain from bleeding, purging, vomiting and clysters; the party must sleep sparingly, and use a moderate diet, every morning, administer ʒj. of some alexiterium in aq. Card. ben. add aq. Theriac.   

CHAP. V Morsus Canis rabidi.  
Signs. 
Signs.   
IN the quittor of the wound moisten a piece of bread, and cast it to a dog, and he will not touch or smell to it, but fly from it, when the matter hath assayed the noble parts he is filent, angry without a cause, feeleth gnawing of the stomach, he complains of bad weather, when its fair, he is lumpish, and desires candle light by day.  
Prognost. 
Prognost.  If it have not offended vein, nerve, or Artery, and is not deep, there is great hope. If the party fear water, there is little or none.  
Cure. 
Cure.  If it be great, first scarify the part, than apply cups with great flame, and extract as much blood as is sufficient, than wash it with this, ℞ aceti accerrimi lb s. sal. Marin. subtle. pull. ℥ ij. Theriac. ℥ j Misce; afterwards apply the Cautery deep, which is the most present and approved help, after fill it with gossypium, dipped in spir. vini in aq. dissol. Ther. and upon that this plaster; ℞ Caepar sub prunis aliquot coct. pull. sem. sinapis sal. marin. ferm. acris ana ℥ j fol. rutae scored. ana Ms. Theriac. ℥ s. & come Mel. q. s. in form. unguent. diligenter incorporate. the next day scarif. the escar. and cut it of, and dress it as before, cum Ther. & spir. vini put a pease in it to keep it open for forty days, and apply upon the rest this following, ℞ spir. vini ℥ ij. succ. rut.. ℥ j extrac. scored. Theriac. ana ℥ ij. C. C. usti. pp. ℥ j bezoar. ℈ j Misce, or apply a Catap. ex allio, sale, & Tereb. before the forty days be expired, though not in the beginning, you may purge sundry times, they are to be strong as merc. vitae etc. To strengthen the principal parts, the liver of a mad dog boiled, is present remedy, vel ℞ fol. rutae, verben. salviae, plantag. polypod absinth. Artemis. melissophyl. beronic. hyperic. Centaur. minor. ana aeq. part f. pull. does. ana ℈ j ad ℥ ij. exter. pull. ʒ s. cum hydromel. is excellent, vel ℞ pull. ciner. cancro. fluviat. ℥ x. rad. genti. ℥ v. olib. ℥ j f. pull. tenuis, you may give it in aq. horrag. in mane pro 12 diebus, Theriac. Androm. is excellent, does. ʒs. for forty days, as for the biting of an adder or toad, they may be effected with the same.   

CHAP. VI De Sclopetorum vulneribus.  
THe wounds are either malign, or not, if not, it need no other sign than the patients own describing or others. If malign, than an ugly colour will appear, as if it tended to mortification, horrible pain, and pricking, great inflammation, heaviness of the whole body, a sharp fever, fainting, raving, and especially if no evident cause can be given for these accidents. If the bullet be poisoned being cut, it will be of a violet colour.  
Prognost. 
Prognost.  If it be only in a fleshy part, the constitution good, the air favourable, easily cured. If in the spermaticall parts, violently torn, if the body cacochyme, the air hot and moist, and the wind south, if there be signs of poison, fear of a gangreen, hard to be cured, and come slower to suppuration than other wounds.  
The symptoms of ordinary wounds are contusion, pain, inflammation, convulsion, heat, palsy, sometimes a gangreen, and mortification, which may be prognosticated. If it be long before it come to suppuration, the colour of the part inclining to yellow and livid, the pain and pulsation ceasing, and the part stupid.  
Cure. 
Cure.  First, remove extraneous bodies.  
Secondly, draw out the bullet if it be easy to be done, if we fear a Tumour which may corrupt the part, or if the weapon be poisoned, before you do it observe the form of the body to be drawn out how deep it is in the part, with the symptoms, if pain be great, extract it presently, if great flux be feared, do it. In extraction, observe, if the weapon be poisoned or cankered, do it presently: but if there be horrible pain, a convulsion, a fever or a syncope: if the weapon be round; if the orifice be narrow by inflammation or Tumour, if you have not a convenient instrument, defer it. Now for the way by which they are to be drawn; it must be thrust out,  
First, if it be almost through, if the figure of the instrument will not admit the drawing, the same way as barbed arrows: if there be a fear of cutting great vessels. The instruments are blunt hooks to lift up a vessel when the weapon is to be taken out, a pair of hollow forceps, goose bills, ravens bills, incising forceps; note this, that the patiented be set in the same posture in which he was when he was hurt, and search the weapon out with your finger.  
Secondly, use suppuratives, such as in contusions, as ol. Catul. or other digestives, only forbearing, in case putrefaction be feared, and when it's in a nervous part, to hinder putrefaction, use unguent Aegyp. cum spir. vini, with tents.  
Thirdly, prosecute the cure as in other wounds, with convenient medicaments, ol. Catulor. ℞ ol. lilior. alb. lb iiij. in quo Coq. Catul. N ij. nuper nat. ad ossa, postea ad. lumbricor. terr. in vino lotar. lb j Coq. simul & colentur sine forti expressione colat. ad. Terebin. venet ℥ iij. spir. vini ℥ ●. Misce, some ℞ but lib. j ol. & vi. ℥. of Terb. & spir. vini ℥ ij. vel ℞ Cerae novae ℥ ●●s. gum. Elem. pinguis. clar. ana ℥ j Colophon. ℥ s. ol. Amygd d. rosar. de vitellis ovor. an● ℥. dissolu. lent igne & percolentur Colat. admisce Croc. subtiliss. pull. ℥ j & f. digest. hujus unguent. ℞ ℥ j cui admisce vitel. ovor. Nj. ol. ros. q. s. ut formam liquidam acquirat. digestiv. in omnibus vulneribus tum contusis tum instrumentis scindentibus factis, especially in wounds by shot.  
In the dressing of these wounds observe these cautions: If the south wind blow, and you fear putrefaction, use aq. vitae & vitriol. calcinat.  
Secondly, use escaroticall medicaments.  
Thirdly, Tents at first are to be made longer and greater that the wound may be dilated.  
Fourthly, if the contusion be great, and possess much of the adjacent parts they are to be scarified to discharge the parts of congealed blood, which is apt to putrify.  
Fifthly, if there be any burning, use such medicaments as are fitting.  
Sixthly, cooling and astringent medicaments after the first dressing, but those that are Anodyne, Emollient and suppurative, as ℞ Micae panis Tritic. ℥ iiij. lact. recent. lib. j flor. Cham. Melilo. ana p. j farin. Hord. & fabar. ana ℥ j Coq. omnia ad catap. tum ad. vitel. ovor. Nij. ol. viol. & ros. ana ℥ js.  
Seventhly, its sufficient to dress the wounds in twenty four hours once, unless much quittor flow, the party be feavourish, and feel great pain, than dress it every twelve hours after digestion, which will be about the fift or sixth days, use mundificat. as Paracel. vel ex opio, after in carne s. a. If soft spermaticke parts be wounded and torn, use this, ℞ Tereb. venet. ol. Tereb. & hyperic. an● ℥ ij. Turbith. flauʒs. tutiae, Euphorb. calc. viv. ana ℥ j Misce. If the hard spermat. parts, as bones, and cartilag. then ℞ praedict. compos. Tereb. ol. Hyper. & Tereb. ℥. pull. Cephal. ℥ i s. apply it warm, this will suppurate and scale the bones.  
If it be poisoned.  
Than scarify the brims deeply, apply ventoses, and exhibit Mithrid. & Theriac. in aq. Card. b. fragar. vel. Ceras. nig. dressing the wound with this, ℞ decoct. lupinor. ac lentium ana lb js. aceti lib. i sal. common. alum. ana ℥ j virid. aeris ℥ s. Mel lib. s. Coq. omnia ad Mel. consistentiam ad. Theriac. ℥ s. either apply this upon tents, or by way of injection, use it till fearful symptoms cease, neither bleeding nor purging, till the force of the poison be abated; but in ordinary wounds you are to bleed, if the party be plethoric, and purge if cacochimick.   

CHAP. VII. Wounds of the Head.  
NOw for wounds in particular, and first of the Head, wherein something general is to be set down; as first the aversion of humours, which either have or are likely to procure sympt, this is done three ways,  
First, by bleeding, either universal or particular; the first is performed by opening a vein (if sufficient quantity did not flow from the wound, when inflicted if the wound be great, and the party strong: if great inflammation have invaded the part, or a fever seized upon the party. For the quantity, it's either to be done all at once or at divers times; for the first way stop the vein when the pulse apeareth smaller and slower, the forehead sweat, the face grows pale, when a pain on the heart grows on, with yawning, and desire to vomit, or to go to stool: If at sundry times you draw blood, you must do it till all symptoms as fever and inflammation cease, the veins to be opened are the Basil. or Median, on the same side, if blood much abound; if not, the Cephal. will serve, or veins near the wounded part, as in the forehead, temples, and tongue.  
Now for particular detraction of blood is from the part affected by scarifying. To the lips of the wound, apply cups or leeches. If they will not admit of bleeding, use strong frictions of the whole body.  
Second thing is to purge with catharticks, clysters, or suppositories: the first of these are to be exhibited when the party is lumpish, and hath the head ache, when a tumour or inflammation appears, when the body is Cacochym: so there be strength, the matter prepared, and the body open and passable, these are to be administered in the beginning jest strength decrease, fever increase, and so hinder the ascent of humour to the head. The medicaments to be used, are such as purge choler, yet gently, and the does. not great, as lenit. vel diapru. in decoct. of myrabal. vel ℞ syr. ros. ℥ ij. aq. plantag. ℥ iij. let the air be temperate and thick, wine is not to be permitted to the fourteenth day, the first seven days let him shun meat, and only live on panadoes, and after meat, use conser. ros. antiq. let sleep be taken only in the night, unless there be inflammation of the brain and meanings: if watching trouble, anoint the temples with unguent. popul. inwardly use something that may cause sleep, as lauda vel diacod. the room is to be kept dark; eat venery, and keep the body soluble.  
Prognost. 
Prognost.  In persons otherwise diseased, and children, hard to be cured. If a Tumour vanish suddenly; a fever hap the eleventh or fourteenth day, its dangerous. If the lips grow livid, reason fail, tongue look black and dry, its deadly; those in the temples and sutures, are dangerous; but if the fever come on the seventh day, and the lips tumify a little, it is easy.  
For pain and inflammation, ℞ farin. Hord. ℥ iiii. poscae ℥ vj. coq. ad Catap. ad. ol. ros. ℥ ij. This assuageth pain, cools, repels, and dries, vel B● Micae. pan. alb. ℥ iiij. lac. rec. ℥ vj. f. Catap. add unguent. popul. ℥ ij. croc. ℈ ij. This is excellent in hot and dry complexions; after application of the medicaments put on a cap to cover the whole head basted with fine tow, not quilted, nor too heavy, than roll with a rouler three inches broad, and a fathom and a half long.   

CHAP. VIII. Of the Head.  
NOw for particular wounds of the head, and first,  
A Contusion without Effusion of blood in parts above the Cranium.  
In it there is a Tumour without a wound, and often blackness and blewnes; in this case shave the hair, than apply this medicament, ℞ alb. ovi Nj. ol. Myrtin. & pull. ejusdem ana ℥ j Misce. This is to be used till the part come to its own temperature, or conformity, dressing the part twice a day: If after the pain is gone, and the flux of humour ceased; a tumour remain, use this, ℞ Empl. de mucilag. ℥ ij. oxycroc. & Emp. Melilot. ana ℥ j ol. Cham & Aneth, ana ℥ ij. f. ex his Ceratum ss. a. If by this it vanish not but pain and fluxion of the humour betwixt Cranium, and skin continued, than make incision, and after, if the skull be sound, use this, ℞ syr. eros. rub. sic. & absinth. ana ℥ j Terbinth. ℥ s. irid. aloes Myrrh. mastic. & far. hord. anaʒs. Misce ss. a. If the Cranium be foul, than smooth it with a raspitory, and apply this excellent powder, ℞ rad. irid. Gentian. Aristol. rotund. dictam fat. bor. ana ℥ s. aloes Hepat. sang. drac. Myrrh. mastic. sarcocol. ana ʒij. f. pull. and after the scale is fallen, cure S.A.  
If by great contusion a gangreen shall ensue, as may be known, when the part grows hard, livid, and black, than scarify, apply cups, and use proper medicaments; as for wounds of the same parts, whether they bore the Cranium or not, a general method will serve.   

CHAP. IX. Wounds in the Temporal Muscles.  
CAll for some special consideration, in respect of fearful symptoms that follow, they are inflicted three ways, a puncture, transverse, and length ways; the two first, if deep, are dangerous, being accompanied with vomiting, convulsion, and deep slumbering, and is hard to cure, being in continual motion. If a puncture, be not too hasty to dilate, but the hair being taken away, dress it, cum ol. hyper. & lumbric. & Empl. Paracel. or the last alone.  
If transverse, than stitch it, using Lt. Arcei. and above it Emp. Apodoldech. vel Paracel. If according to length; first, stay the blood, than stitch it: note that its better to cure wounds of the head by agglutin. than Concarnation.   

CHAP. X. If the scull be foul or hurt.  
WHich falls out three ways:  
First, by the air, it having lain bore two hours, which you may perceive, if rasped it bleed not, than use that instrument till it bleed, and perform the cure by agglutination. 
Cure.   
Secondly, if the first table be divided from the second, and cleave to the cutis musculosa, than take it away, and cure either by Agglut. or Concarn. which is most convenient.  
Thirdly, when a portion of the whole cranium is divided, so that dura mater is seen, this is to be reduced and there kept by bringing the lips of the wound together, with so many deep and strong stitches as shall suffice, the wound having been cleansed with either vino vel spir. ejusdem.   

CHAP. XI. Wounds of the head with contusion.  
OF which there are two sorts; either ordinary or extraordinary: for the ordinary, which is without malign symptoms, dress thus.  
First, wash them, cum spir. vini, in which infuse Myrrh. If it be great, stitch it with needles, otherways the dry stitch will serve, dress cum Balls. Arceivel lucatella, and if it be deep, keep a tent in the depending part, until it yield laudable quittor, and than take it out, above apply Empl. Basilic. viz. ℞ Empl. Betonic. ℥ iiij. gum. elim. in ol. ros. dissol ℥ ●. pull. rub. ros. myrtillor. ana ℥ ij Cal. Aromat. Angelic. Caryoph. ana ℥ j Cer. q. s.f. Emplast. If extraordinary, i.e. with a fever, inflammation of the whole head, neck and shoulders, as also the breast, the brims be swelled, and of livid colour, casting out sharp, virulent and stinking sanies, the party feeling great and pricking pain; than  
First, draw out the malignity by deep scarifications, after apply either leeches or cups, washing the wound with this, ℞ Theriac. Androm. ʒij. Mithrid. ʒ●. aq. Card. bened. ℥ ij. aq. vitae ℥. Misce, let it be fomented hot, in all your Medicaments, mix some Theriac. vel Mithri. till symptoms cease, after dress with ordinary medicines.  
Secondly, strengthen the principal parts; as ℞ Theriac. Lond. Mithrid. ana ℈ j Confect. de Hyacinth. ℈ js contra yervaeʒs. syr. Caryoph. buglos. anaʒuj. aq. liviul. & pap. err. ana ℥ js. Misce, f. pot. To the heart apply this, ℞ aq. Buglos. meliss. rosar. Cinam. ana ℥ js. acet. ros. ʒuj. Croc. ℈ j spec. diamarg. frig. & laetificant Galleni ana ℈ ij. Misce f. Epithema. apply it warm with double clotheses.  
Having handled wounds of cutis musculosa and some Fractures, we come to other Fractures in the Scull.   

CHAP. XII. Fractures in the Skull.  
IN which observe some common things to all or most Fractures.  
Secondly, things special.  
For the first observe the signs and presages in Fractures.  
For signs, they are taken either from sense or reason.  
For sense, if the Fracture be not obvious, it's found out either by the finger, or by a probe, to both which it will feel rugged, but take heed you take not the Suturs for Fractures.  
For rational signs they are taken from divers things, as if the person was strong that did it, the instrument great or sharp, falls from on high, it's probable there is a Fracture. If the head was bore, the blow hard, the scull thin and tender: If singing of the ears fall after the blow, swooning, slumbering, dazzling of the eyes, bleed at nose, ears, eyes, and mouth, vomiting, are signs of Fractures; those that follow these are, 

First, a constant pain of the part wounded, so that the patiented offereth often to touch it.  
Secondly, vomiting of choler.  
Thirdly, convulsion.  
Fourthly, a palsy of one of the arms and legs.  
Fifthly, raving.  
Sixtly, faltering in the speech.  
Seventhly, deafness.  
Eightly, imparing of the memory.  
Ninthly, dulness of the understanding.  
Tenthly, weak judgement, hair stand up, cut in the wound.    
Presages. 
Presages.   
A fever before the thirteenth day in winter, and seventh in summer, is ill; the wound livid, little quantity of matter, the skin dry and hard; tongue black, avoiding unawares excrements, the sick raving, the tongue puzzled, convulsion on the opposite part, and Apoplexy, is deadly, but if dura mater be its right colour, the flesh be read, the sick moving well his neck and jaws, are good signs; give no absolute judgement till the hundred days be past; if at the beginning of the cure the skull be blackish, and the body cacochymical, death ensueth; Fractures in the Sutures or Temples are dangerous.   

CHAP. XIII. Fracture without wound in Children.  
IF without fearful symptoms dress them thus: First, shave the head, and than apply this, ℞ ol. rosar. alb. ovi, parumque aceti, it's to be done with a four double cloth, cold in summer, and warm in winter, for twenty four hours after till the eleventh day, use this Cataplasm warm, ℞ ros. rub. bac. Myrti ana ℥ ij farin. Hord. & fabar. ana ℥ j absinth. & betonic. ana ℥ s. sem. Cumin. ʒij. pulveris. coq. omnia in vini rub. ℥ xij. ad Catap. add ol. ros. ac Cham. ana ℥ j Mel. ℥ ij. apply it morning and evening. I have used Emp. Paracelsi & apodoldech. from the eleventh to the twentieth, apply Emp. diapal. slotani malaxed, cum ol. lilior. after which, to the end of the cure, apply Paracels. relented in ol. Cham.  
With a Wound.  
And no fearful sympt. take none of the Cranium away, but dress it with Lt. Arcei. vel Bal. Lucatel. with a feather, but if a fevor, convulsion, vomiting, or palsy appear, open and dress it, S. A.   

CHAP. XIV. Fractures in persons of ripe age.  
IN which the incision is to be made thus, T. or ✚ after take up all to cranium with a chisel or fingers, beginning at the points of the incision; take heed your Section be not in the Suturs or temporal muscles, or Transverse a little above the eyelid, keep all open with dorsels and pledgets, armed with Astrictives, and so rest for twenty four hours, if no remarkable effusion of blood be feared; the Cranium is to be opened the fourth day, unless ill symptoms hinder, than the seventh and ninth day; some think the fourteenth day; but let it be done as speedily as may be; the instruments to be used are,  
First, the Raspatories, which are to be used in Fissures and sedes, when the print of the weapon is narrow.  
Second is the Trepan, which apply not upon Suturs, nor places a little above the eyebrows, lower part of the scull, nor sinciput, nor in children under seven years. In the use of which,  
First, observe to take out the pin when you are come to the second Table.  
Secondly, moisten it with oil, and the print with cold water, remove the blood to see if it be cut equal, and when it gins to shake, lift it up with a levatory, after which, take away the roughness with a scalper.  
Thirdly, Terrebra or Gimlet, it serves for the raising of a depressed part; first, making a hole in the Cranium with the pin of the Trepan, afterwards serving it in.  
Fourthly, Head-saw, may either be used to give vent in Fract. or to take of some ragged piece of the Cranium.  
After the application of the Trepan, apply a piece of Taffety or Satin, white or crimson, moistened in Mel. rosar. & spir. vini, till the seventh day, nay to end of the cure. I have used the same medicine fitly applied with good success, being careful to foment the part with stuphs, well wrung out of Sack as hot as may be endured, applying upon the part being fitly dressed, Emplast. Paracel. betonic. aut Bassilic. and one of your stuphs upon that, and after roll up the head. Observe that in Fractures of the temples apply the Trepan above the temporal muscle, using a deterging injection, and a sponge compressed, which will suck up the matter, after dressing embrocate the parts adjacent with ol. rosar. chief in the neck where the jugular veins are; for it assuageth pain, and contemperates the heat of the blood. If there hap a flux of blood upon application of the Trepan or other occasions, apply Galen powder, which I found effectual when all other means failed, upon Mr. Timothy Venner wounded at Rownton Heath near Chester in the head.   

CHAP. XV. The Simple.  
NOw because Fract. are either Simple or Compound, we begin with the Simple.  
The Simple are three:  
First fissura, which is either conspicuous, or not, the conspicuous are either to the second table, or through both which must be dilated as far as it goeth, leaving a passage in the depending part for the matter and blood; that which is not conspicuous, if you cannot find it by looking through a multiplying glass, or the patients holding his breath, apply to the part suspicious, ink made thin with vinegar, and if it leave any print after its made clean the next day with a wet sponge; than follow it so far as it goes with the raspatory, which being down, dress as after trepaning.  
The second is a sedes, or seat, if it pass through both tables, no splint hurt the meanings, and may be made to discharge the matter its sufficient: dressing it as before, but if the dura mater be offended, or the passage made, be too narrow, it must be dilated by the raspatory.  
The third contusion which happens most frequently to children sometimes with, sometimes without a wound; the latter of which, with a sedes, I cured in one John Roberts of five years old at Warwick Castle, only by the application of Empl. Apodold. though he was troubled with vomiting & other bad symptoms.   

CHAP. XVI. Compound Fractures  
COmpound Fractures, are also of three sorts:  
First, a depression, and in this the shivers are either quite separated, or cleave to the rest, or both the last; of which I saw and cured a remarkable one, with sad symptoms in the forehead of a Drummer of Captain Walfords, of Colonel Bossiviles' Regiment, it was long in curing and hard to cicatrise the lose shivers, I removed and raised the rest, with the levatory, but in case it cannot be raised by it, you are to use the Trepan as near the Fracture as you can. The  
Second is a vaulting, when the Scull is pulled upwards leaving a cavity beneath. If it pass not further, than the second table, smooth the scull, and heal the wound, S. A. If it pass through the second table, you must open the scull in the depending part with the Trepan, than cure it, ex. L.A.  
The third is Excision, i.e. when the part of the scull wounded, is altogether separate from the whole, the ordering of which is set down p. 121, 122, and 123. as for complicated Fractures, which is when divers are joined together, follow the cure as hath been prescribed.  
In the Sutures there happens a depression, which must be cured as before.  
Secondly, a separation, if it be large and ligaments torn though not seen, there is danger of death.  
Thirdly, a Collision is a contusion of the brims of the sutures in the cases of fearful accidents, as a fever, vomiting, and a convulsion follow, than you are to apply the Trepan on both or one side, as often as you dress the wounded person 'cause him to bend down his head, and stop mouth and nose, labouring to breathe strongly, that so the sanies may be expelled.   

CHAP. XVII. Fractures either without a wound; or in the contrary part to the wound.  
THe latter of these are either near the part wounded, or opposite to it.  
The Signs of the first are these; 
Signs.   

First, the side of the wound next the Fracture, will not ciccatrise when the other doth.  
Secondly, from that will an Ichorous and thin matter flow.  
Thirdly, more matter than the wound can seem to afford.  
Fourthly, the flesh near to the parts spungeous.  
Fifthly, the part will be feverish.  
Sixtly, with your probe you may find the cut separated from the Scull.   
7. Some tumour will appear in the part above the Fracture.  
For the second a Contrafissura, its twofold; either in the opposite part, or when the second table is Fractured, and the first remains whole, these are hard to find, but it may be perceived by these signs.  
First, if there be vomiting choler and fever, with other that belong to Fractures, the party will put his hand often to it; if a Tumour appear, you may be assured the Fracture is under, if no Tumour appear in the opposite part than shave it, and apply this, ℞ Picis Navalis & Cerae●ana ℥ iij. Terebinth. ℥ j mastic. irid. pull. anaʒij. f. Empl. S.A. draw it upon leather, and let it lie twenty four hours; if after you have taken it away, the Cutis muscul. appear in any place more moist, soft, and swelled, than the rest, its probable there is the Fracture. As for this, and the other, the scull must be opened with the Trepan, and cured, ex. L. A. If such patients dye, Chirurgeons are not to be blamed.  
Now for curing Fractures without wound, when you have perceived there is one by signs formerly laid down, and no extraordinary symptoms appear:  
First, shave the hair, than apply this, ℞ F●arin. Hord. aceti, & aq. & f. Catap. in; winter make it with wine, adding pull. ros. Mastic. bacc. Myrt. & al. rosar. to purge choler, ℞ Caryocost: elect. e succ. rosar. anaʒij. syr. de cicho. cum rhubarb. ℥ j aq. end. ℥ ij. f.p.  
Thirdly, let blood as often as need requires.  
Fourthly, drop ol. Amygd. dull. into the ears and nose, the fourth day use gangarismes made of Cephalicke herbs, and aq. Hord. mel. ros. & oxym. simp. the seventh day, apply Emp. Palmar. Slotani cum ol. Rosar. if yet fearful symptoms appear after the seventh day, open the scull and cure it, S. A.   

CHAP. XVIII. Wounds of meanings and brain.  
ANd first of dura mater, in which there is always a vehement pain with the wound, if withal drowsiness and sleepiness seize upon the patiented, death follows: for cure, if flux of blood, apply Galen powder, after assuage pain, cum ol. ros. warm applied, which continued till quittor be procured, after use equal parts of Mel. rosar. & ol. rosati till digestion, after incarn, cum syr. & suc. ros. vel syr. Sanatiu.  
The 3. thing is inflammation, than its read with a Tumour, sometimes so big that it fills the hole in the Cranium, yea above often.  
Cure. First, open a vein, use slender diet, 
Cure.  foment it with a decoct of Althaea sem. lini. faenugr. groundsel fol. violar. After apply ol. Ros. Myrtin. vel Cydon. if the Tumour increase open the passage in the scull wider.  
The fourth is a Tumour, if quittor be contained therein, which is discerned by extraordinary white spots, than warily open it, that you touch not the brain, than apply Mel. ros. & syr. e sicc. ros.  
The fifth is Discolouration. If blackness be from the violence of the concusion, it lasts but four days; in this case use ol. rosar. Mel. ros. vel ol. ovor. cum aq. vitae & pull. Cephalic.  
If congealed blood hath occasioned it, use this, ℞ aq. vitae ℥ ijs. pull. gran. Tinctor. ʒij. Croci ●j. Mel. ros. ℥ ijs. sarcocol. ʒiij. lent. Coq. use it till blackness be gone.  
If from improper medicaments, cure it as contusion: If from Putrefaction, which is discerned by the strong sent of the sanies, use this, ℞ aq. vit. ℥ js. syr. absinth. & mel. rosar. anaʒij. ung. Aegyptiaciʒjs. Sarcocol. Myrrh. aloes anaʒj. vini alb. potent. ℥ js. bullia. omnia leniter, Colent. ac serventur ad usum vel ℞ aq. plantag. ℥ j ung. Aegyp. ℥ js. merc. praep. ℈ j Misce, after stirring it apply it warm: If this will not do, but Tumour increase, the eyes grow fiery, and moving, he toss and rave, its deadly.   

CHAP. XIX. Wounds of the Pia mater and brain.  
THese of necessity must suffer together, being so adhering each to other; and though they be accounted deadly, the experience prove they are of curation. The sign besides such forementioned in Fractures, are foaming at the mouth, darkness of sight, loss of reason, deafness, and palsy, etc.  
Concerning the cure Authors require at first dressing for seven days to use ol. ros. cum ol. Terebinth. mel. ros. & ol. rosar. ana ℥ j aq. vit. ℥ ij. but two eminent ones was only cured with mel. rosar. & spir. vini: one I saw at Worcester after the battle of Poicke, the other I cured at Warwick, of which Mr. William Thorpe, my Mr. had a fight for the rest of the medicaments, with which they were dressed, was Emp. Paracel. and stuff wrung out of Sack with fitting rolling.   

CHAP. XX. Concussion.  
NOw the accidents of the brain are divers; the first is Concussion.  
It's, if vehement, often deadly, always dangerous, deadly, as I observed in one Mr. Symons, the Gentleman of the Ordinance in Warwick Castle, who going forth to kill a Rabbit, and having done it, was assaulted by the Keeper and his man, the one of which with a blow struck him down without any remarkable wound or fracture at all, and notwithstanding all methodical means used, he died. For the cure, it's to be dressed, as in Fractures without wounds, bleeding not to be neglected, clysters to be used, and purges fitting exhibited, anoint the whole head, cum ol. rosar. and apply either Vigoes Corot. or Empl. basilicon.   

CHAP. XXI. Fungus.  
IT's a Tumour sometimes hard without blood and small sense, otherwhiles soft of exquisite sense, and an ill smell, beneath narrow, and above broad, and sometimes increaseth to the bigness of a hen's egg.  
Cure. First, 
Cure.  use glisters (Hildanus used a bag of Cephalicke herbs with water and read wine decocted) and after apply this powder, ℞ rad. Caryoph. Angel Cal. Aromat. anaʒs. rad. Aristol. rotund. Iridis Guaiac. anaʒij. salu. rorismar. mayor. anaʒj. f. ex omnibus pull. or this, ℞ Sabini. ʒij. ocrae. ʒj.f. pull. or Turb. flau. If it grow to the bigness of an egg, bind it with silk at the root, and when it's fallen away, strew the former powders.  
For a Tumour proceeding from flatuosity, use the method in Fungus, and apply Emp. Basilic. upon it.   

CHAP. XXII. Wounds of the eye lids.  
FIrst, stitch them (especially if they be made transverse) after either use this, ℞ bol. Arm. Ter. sig. anaʒij. sang. dracon. sarcocol. anaʒj. & f. pull. strew it upon the wound, or use Balls. Artificial. or Lt. Arcei Empl. Palmar. if there be less of substance, be not too hasty to cicatrise, if the eye lid will not come down, than you are to divide the cicatrise like a half moon and cure it up again. Remember defensitives are to be used about the eye, jest blindness follow, as also convenient ligatures.  
As for those in the eye, Mr. Woodalls course is excellent, i.e. apply Hyperic. upon the eye lid, and Emp. Paracels. laying upon the neighbouring part frog water, with cheese curds and rose-water, let both the eyes be rolled up: Here general evacuation is not to be neglected, as purging and bleeding, as also cups and glisters.   

CHAP. XXIII. Wound of the lips.  
IF they pierce not through, cure them as ordinary wounds if they do, cure them as a hair lip; First, piercing the brims of the wound with a needle, having on both sides a thin small piece of lead, after tw●● the silk about the end of the needle, than snip of the ends; this is to be done in the midst of the wound, and at either end use an ordinary stitch, to these may be added the dry stitch, especially to children, to the wound apply Balls. Artific.   

CHAP. XXIV. Wounds of the Ears.  
THese are either wholly cut of, or else in part divided; if cut of, apply pull. Cephalic. & ung. de minio cum Empl. Paracel. and let the hair cover the deformity, if only divided and small, use dry stitch, if great, use the needle taking only hold of the skin on each side the ear, keep a tent in it.   

CHAP. XXV. Wounds of the Nose.  
IF only in the soft part, dry stitch will serve, to which apply unguent alb. Camph. If the hard part, it's either above in the bone, and than there is a Fracture, or below in the Cartilege; if a Fracture, put into the nose fit pieces of wood lapped in linen, and than reduce the bone, after put in small pipes a little sharp above, and flat below, yet not too high, let these be fastened by strings to the cap on each side. For the wound bring it together, either by dry stitch or needle, and apply bol. Mastic. sang. drac. alum. usti & alb. ovi, using fitting ligatures.   

CHAP. XXVI. Of the Tongue.  
STitch them deep and sure, cutting the thread close to the knot, using this, ℞ fol. & flor. liquestri, plantag. rosar. rub. ana Mj. cortie. granator. ballast. ana ℥ s. Coq. in lb ij. aq. Chalybia. ad Consumpt. 3. part. in Colatur. dissol. Acatiae. ʒij. syr. e suc. ros. ℥ ij. Misce f. Gargar. with which often wash the mouth, feeding on liquid things, as broths, almond milk, jellies holding often in the mouth, Syr. e sic. rosis. Cydonior. de Ribs, corser. Cerasor. & coagul. Cydoniorum.   

CHAP. XXVII. Of the Throat.  
ANd first of the vessels which are the jugular veins, the soporall Arteries, and recurrent nerves. These wounded deeply, the party can hardly escape by reason of a great Hemorage, which is to be stayed with pull. restrictiv. Hildan. vel ℞ Thur. ʒij. aloes, sang. drac. telar. Aranear. quae in mollis planae sunt farin. volatilis hypocistid. mastic. sarcocol. Terra umbra, pull. volatis fung. anaʒj. f. ex omnibus pull. subtilis. If this will not do, ℞ praedict. pull. ʒij. sublim. & Auripig. anaʒs. f. pull. Misce cum alb. ovi & pilis leporinis. If you fear an Aneurisma (after flesh is come, which must be procured speedily (if restrictives will not do, nor actual cauteries, than assay to bind the vessels) which is known by pulsation, apply this, ℞ fol. solani, Hyoscyam. mandrag. contus. ana Mj. farin. Hord. & pull. malicor. ana q. s. & f. Catap. sine ulla coctione. Let diet be thin, glutinous and cooling, use drinks in which steel is quenched, with healing syrrups. If there want sleep, use this, ℞ Diascord. ʒj. Phylon. Persic. ℈ j diacod. ʒuj. aq. papau. Crr. ℥ iij. exbib. hor. somni, use to the wound Linim. Arcei, Balls. Artif. or this of Pareus; ℞ ol. Hyper. s. ℥ iiij. gum. elem. ℥ iij Tereb. venet. lb s. liquefiant ista simul ac colent. cum frigere incipiunt add. bol. Arm. sang. drac. ana ℥ j irid. florens. Aloes Myrrh. Mastic. anaʒj. aq. vitae ℥ ij. Misce. s. a. apply it warm, and above it diapal. malaxed in ol. ros. to hinder inflammation.   

CHAP. XXVIII. Of Trachea Arteria.  
ORder these as in wounds of the lips, using Balls. artificial, using this gargarism, ℞ Hord. mu. Coch. iij. flor. ros. rub. p. 1. Sumach. flor. granat. anaʒij. passul. mayor. exac. jujub. ana ℥ s. glycyrrhiz. ℥ j bul. ista simul in lb iij. aq. Fontan. ad consump. ss. ac Col. cui admisee mel. ros. & syr. myrtini ana ℥ ij. use it warm; it moisteneth the mouth, easeth pain, agglutinates the parts and causeth the party to breathe easy.   

CHAP. XXIX. Of the Oesophagus.  
THe signs are difficulty of breathing, and swallowing, Hicket, vomiting of choler, meat and drink, and if deep, the meat comes out. If it be wholly divided, the cure is impossible, if near the mouth of the stomach, great and transverse, it's so also. If otherwise, first, stitch it, leaving an orifice in the depending part, and cure it, as in Trach. Art. using after ordinary glyst. without oil and sugar, nutritive ones, and a special diet.   

CHAP. XXX. De Spinali Medul.  
THe signs, palsy, convulsion, feeling lost, not being able to retain seed, urine or excrements, sometimes a total suppression of them.  
Prog. 
Prog.  Not less dangerous than the brain, if in the beginning, or wholly divided, death ensueth.  
Cure. 
Cure.  If the wound pierce not to the Medul. it's only in the muscles, and so dress it as wound in fleshy parts, or in the bones also, and than dress as in the head. If in part divided, than first pour in this, ℞ ol. Hyper. & de vitel. ovor. ana ℥ j Tereb. ℥ s. Croci ℈ j Misce.  
Secondly, anoint the whole back bone with this, ℞ ol. vulpin. Hirund. & lumb. ana ℥ j Mastic. & de castor. ana ℥ s. Misce.  
Thirdly, Embrocate the whole head with this, ℞ ol. Cham. ℥ j lumbric. ʒs. Misce. They are to be applied warm.   

CHAP. XXXI. De Thorace.  
THese either penetrate or not, if they do, they have these signs, the mouth and nose, being stopped, breath will break through with a noise, so that it will move the light of a candle. If penetrating, they offend other parts, we may know by those proper signs as if the  
Heart.  
Much blood gusheth out, an universal trembling, the pulse small and weak, cold, sweated often swooning, and when the limbs grow cold, death is near.  
Of the Lungs.  
The blood is yellowish and frothy, cough ensueth, difficulty of breathing, pain in the wounded side, yet lying upon it, is at more ease, hard to cure.  
Of the Midrife.  
Having in the part raving, breathing difficult, cough, sharp pain, a fever, sometimes by vehemency of breathing, the guts and stomach is drawn into the cavity of the breast through the wound. It's deadly.  
Of the Vessels.  
If the blood be poured into the cavity of the breast, breath difficult, fever increasing, vomiting blood, afterwards the breath will stink, appetite lost, desire to sit up, fainting, it causeth death.  
Thus you have the Signs and Progn. 
Cure.  now we come to the Cure.  
Of penetrating wound in the breast.  
First, the patiented is to be laid in naked bed with the wound downward that by couching and holding his breath, the matter may be discharged till things be ready, if he find no weight upon the diaphragma, nor fever or spitting blood, use no tents but drop in Lt. Arcei, or Artificial Balsam, and upon it Diapal. but if there be much blood in the cavity, after the blood is got out, use a flammula dipped in the white of an egg, the greater part of it hanging forth of the wound, this may continued for forty days, if former symptoms still remain, instead of the flame. you may use a silver pipe, which, when the wound runs, matter good and little, is to be taken forth; for injection, if you have a mind to use any (for I have cured dangerous penetrating wounds without) receive this, ℞ Ptisa. ℥ iiij. sac. rub. ℥ ij Mel. ros. ℥ j Misce. This being cast in, let him betake him to his former posture that it may all come forth; upon your pipe apply a sponge wrung forth of aq. vitae, it doth keep out the air, and extract the quittor instead of the sponge, this Empl. is excellent, ℞ Resin. pini rec. clar. & odorat. lb j ol. laur. & Terbinth. ana ℥ ij. gum. Elemni ℥ iiij. M. & f. Emp. s. a. Let it be spread upon leather, a hole cut and applied; with this and the Arti. Balsam, may wounds penetrated be cured, for it draws out the matter wonderfully. If need be, let blood on the arm of the contrary part, and if strength permit reiterate it upon the same side afterwards, taking this, ℞ rheiʒs. rub. tinctor. Mumiae ana ℈ j Terr. sigil. ℈ s. aq. scabios. buglos. suc. granator. ana ℥ j M. after to procure easy breathing, and ease pain, use this, ℞ Hord. ℥ iiij. passular. mayor. exacinat. ℥ iij. rad. bugl. Miij. liquor. Contus. ℥ ij. jujub. N. 20. Pruna. 15. rad. petrosel. contus. Mj. f. decoct. in aq. pluvial. lb fourteen. ad consumpt. 3 part. aromatic. decoct. Cinam. ʒiij. ac col. in Colatur. dissol. penid. ℥ iij. syr. ros. s. & de duabus rad. sine aceto ℥ ij. sac. cand.. ℥ iiij. quarta quaque hor. capiat aeger. hujus decoct. ℥ vj. this doth nourish, therefore he is not to take any other food for three days, unless a Ptisan, having the omission of the four cold seeds, wherein the roots of fennel and parsley have been boiled, if matter offer itself to be purged by expectoration, use vinegar and warm water to help it. If the patiented cough, use this ℞ sac. cand. & penidiat. ana ℥ j pull. elect. diatragac. frigid. ʒij. syr. violac. & jujub. ana q. s. f. lohocb. quo utatur frequenter cum baculo liquirit. sensim lambendo; if spittle decrease syr. Tussilag. liquirit. & oxym. simp. the matter being come to suppuration, use this, ℞ Eupator. scabios. Caryoph. saniculae Alchym. Tussilag. ana Mj. rad. Consolid. mayor. & borrag. ana ℥ j Coq. in aq. lb x. ad Consump. ss. postea ad. sac. & Mel. ana ℥ iiij. & alb. ovo. N. ij. to clarify it, and than strain it taking at five a clock in the morning lb s. and sleep, take the same quantity in the afternoon at four a clock, if the body be much macerated, than let them suck women's milk and inject the same, saith Dr. Dachamen a French Physician, which certainly helps.   

CHAP. XXXII. Wound in the belly penetrating, and yet not hurting contained parts.  
Signs. IF the probe go deep straightways, if inject. 
sign.  made return not, if the call and the intestines start out, it penetrates. All wounds penetrating are dangerous, and many deadly.  
Cure. If the injestines start out, 
Cure.  reduce them, unless by continuance out, the cold air hath filled them with flatuofities, than foment them with a discussive decoction, or else prick them with a needle, if after you cannot reduce them, in large the wound, if the call come forth, and by the air be cooled, so that its hard, black and livid, than bind it near the sound and warm parts, cutting of the corrupt, and letting the thread hung forth till the rest fall of; if it be not altered, but warm, put it in, and than stitch the wound; first, thrusting the needle through the skin & muscles to peritonaeum not touching it on that side, than from within outward, on the other side thrust through, also tie that within the distance of an inch, stitch it again contrary to the other, after stitching leave an orifice to put in a tent, you may strengthen this stitch with a dry one; to the wound apply Artificial Balsam; upon it in Summer, Empl. diapal. In Winter Parac. Embrocat. the pained part with this, ℞ ol. rosar. Myrtin. ana ℥ s. lilior. lumbric. ana ℥ j Cham. aneth. anaʒuj. ung. dialth. popul. anaʒiij. Misce. If matter fall into the belly; as by heaviness, pain and tension will appear, than Embrocate the groin, cum ol. rutae. Cham. aneth. etc. after apply Emp. cum gum. malaxed cum ol. scorp.   

CHAP. XXXIII. De Ventriculo.  
Signs as in wound in the gullet, if great, and in the bottom of the stomach, deadly, as also if in the mouth of the stomach.  
Cure. 
Cure.  You must not suffer your tent to enter in to the stomach, only keep the parts lying above open, yet your tent be armed with a digestive of ol. Hyper. Tereb. & vitel. ov. or ℞ ol. olivar. rec. ℥ iij. Tereb. ℥ ●s. sum. valerian. Hyperic. Card. bened. ana p. 15. Thur is. ℥ j Myrrh. aloes oped. anaʒiij. Cocci infect. ℈ iij. Resin. pin. rec. ʒij. vini maluat. ℥ iiij. Misce, stint. in digest. per hor. 4. Leniter. ebul. donec consume. vinum colent. & expri. Embrocate the stomach, ol. Menth. Myrtil. Cydon. absinth. & ol. ros. inwardly exhibit this, ℞ Herb. betonic. sanicul. Matris silu. pyrol. ana Mj. torment. Ms. coq. in ss. q. aq. ad. ℥ iij. adsyr. Hyssop. ℥ j drink sparingly, use nutritive clyster, and good broths, wherein are decocted vulnerary herbs.   

CHAP. XXXIV. De Intestinorum vul.  
Signs. 
Sign.  IF the small guts, the chilus comes forth, the flanks swell, and become hard, vomit, hickot, gripe in the belly, they are more dangerous than the great ones, which being wounded, the excrements come forth, yet these also if great and transverse are dangerous, and for most part deadly.  
Cure. 
Cure.  Stitch them with the glovers stitch, with good flax thread unwaxed, after its fomented with read wine, apply this, ℞ Mastic. sarcocol anaʒj. borrac. Myrrh. anaʒs. f. pull. after which, reduce them, which done, stitch the outward parts, for there can be no more applycations to them, being they shifted; use moistening meats and glisters Emollient made of the decoction of sheep's head and feet; and administer vulnary potions.   

CHAP. XXXV. De Hepatis vul.  
Sign. 
Sign.  A Great flux of blood in the right side, the sides all draw towards the spina, the party delighteth to lie upon his belly, often casting out blood both by stool and urine, pricking pain up to the neck, and down to the bladder, the face wan.  
Great wounds are deadly, the lesser may be cured; which to effect astringent Troch; are to be used in aq. plantag. vel decoct. ros. rub. add. syr. e sicc. rosis & Myrtin.   

CHAP. XXXVI. De Lienibus.  
Signs. 
Signs.  Black blood issueth out of the left side, the side itself and the stomach becoming hard, great thirst ensueth, and the pain reacheth to the neck. If deep, deadly; if small, curable, which may be cured as wounds in the liver, it happens that in both, great store of blood falls down into the belly; but it's either discussed with natural heat, or else causeth a Tumour in the groynes.   

CHAP. XXXVII. De Renibus.  
IF they be wounded to the pelvises, clots of blood will come with the urine, great pain in the part affected, reaching to the groynes and testicles: if they pass to the pelvises, commonly deadly; if but to Caruncula papillaris, curable.  
Cure. 
Cure.  If the passage be stopped with blood, as usually, it is with a grumous blood, anoint the pecten cum ol. Scorpion. & Amygd. Amar. and apply Catap. of pellitory, mallows, and Saxifrage: For injection use this, ℞ Troch. de carab. cum aq. plantag. equiset. polygon. after incarn with Empl. sanctum. set down pag. 175.   

CHAP. XXXVIII. De Vesica.  
THe urine cometh bloody and sparing: If in the bottom, the urine will fall into the belly, and 'cause a seeming dropsy; pain will be communicated to the groynes and stones of men.  
Those in the neck lateral parts, and above the groin curable in other parts not.  
Cure. 
Cure.  Inwardly use this, ℞ Cydon. incis. Niiij. Equiseti. sumach. bacc. Myrti ana ℥ iij. ros. rub. sicc. pij. ballast. ℥ s. coq. ista in lb xij. aq. pluv. vel Fontan. ad 3. part. consumpt. ac colet. decoct. in quo dissol. syr. e sicc. ros. & Mel. rosar. ana ℥ vj. syr. Myrtini ℥ iij. gum. Tragac. ℥ s. Let them take none but this decoction till the tenth day. If there be strength take heed of cold water; outwardly apply Cypr. Terebinth. vitel. ov. & ol ovor. cum Croco vel Balls. Artif.   

CHAP. XXIX. De Penis & matricis vul.  
THe latter of these being wounded will appear by blood issuing out of the privities, and pain will be about the groynes; these are difficult, and must be dressed as the bladder; as for them in the yard, they shall be handled when we come to treat of Lithotomia.   

CHAP. XL. De Nervos. part.  
Sign. THere ensues Pulsation, inflammation, convulsion, raving, if not wholly divided, and at last mortification.  
Cure in general. 
Cure.  First, let blood. Secondly, purge. Thirdly, use slender diet, let the air and medicament be warm.  
If it be a Puncture, power in ol. Terbinth. cum parum aq. vit. roll up the part with your linen wet in water and vinegar; if these ease not pain, than make cross incision into the skin, and apply this; ℞ ol. Tereb. ros. lumbric. vitel. ovor. anaʒiij. use it hot, or some Artif. Balsam; if it be incised quite, it's cured by Sarcotickes.  
If it be transverse wounded, apply the former medicaments, if they will not prevail, divide it, and dress it with anodynes, and roll it up.  
If contused, use ol. Cham. vel rut.. If distorted, Emp. Paracel. If there be hardness, apply this, ℞ Emp. Nost. Anod. ℥ ij, ol. lil. ℥ j styrac. Liq. ʒij. Misce. As for wounds of the tendons, they are cured aftert he same manner; as also Ligaments, to which use ol. Mastic. vel Balls. Artif. aut nature. cum pull. Consolid. and upon them Empl. Paracel. Two things you are to observe;  
1. Forbear all laughing and choler.  
2. In these, and wounds of Nervous parts, use tents till the wound be sufficiently purged, which is known when all symptoms are vanished.   

CHAP. XLI. Vul. juncturarum.  
ALL wounds of the joints are dangerous, and frequently require bleeding, and purging, especially if in the upper parts, externally apply Balls. Artific. cum pull. Consol. which is ℞ Thur. sang. drac. Myrrh. Aloes Hepatic. Mastic. anaʒij. rad. symph. mayor. Centaur. borac. sarcocol. anaʒj. f. pull. or use Gallen, above apply Emp. Paracel. or ℞ furfur. macri. farin. Hord. & fabar. ana ℥ ij. flor. Cham. ana p. ij. lixiu. common. lb j acet. sambuc ℥ iiij. coq. Catap. ad. ung. popul. ol. ros. & Myrtil. ana ℥. M. apply it warm, it may be applied upon the plaster; or this; ℞ pull. rad. alth. ℥ s. betonic. flor. Cham. Melilot. ana ℥ j farin. sem. lini. faenigraec. ana ℥ js. fabar. ʒj. f. Catapl. take heed of anger.  
To conclude, note that wounds if deep either in arms or thighs, are dangerous, and need frequent bleeding and purging. Hitherto of Wounds, now of Fractures.    


SECT. IV. CHAP. I. Fractures.  
WHich is a solution in the head, parts, and deprehended by sense, the causes are the too violent assaults and strokes of all external things; the main differences are four, Long; Transverse; Obliqne, and Shattered.  
The Signs are inequality, 
Signs.  as also feeling and hearing, a noise in the handling of the part, as also pain.  
Prog. 
Prognost.  In old persons, choleric, near the joints, head, of bones, obliqne, shattered, and with wounds and other great symptoms are hard to cure. In young persons the middle of bones and transverse are easy.  
Cure. 
Cure.  In which observe four things: 

First, restore the bones.  
Secondly, keep them together.  
Thirdly, if wound or contusion be joined, look to it.  
Fourthly, prevent or remove the symptoms.    
Having all things in readiness, first, let two persons make extension by little and little, yet strongly, that being sufficiently done, reduce the bone to its natural situation; premising, you defer in case there be inflammation, till it be past.  
Secondly, for the keeping it, to gather up no roulers at all, only clouts, splints armed with tow or paste-board and junckes made of straw or bents, with caps and fillets; for in simple fractures, the right placing of the bones, and keeping them so, is most part of the cure, rest also exceedingly conducing thereto: for medicaments they are either outward or inward; for the first use a plaster made of bowl, fine flower, white of eggs, ol. of roses, and a little camphire, or ℞ Cerae ℥ iij. resin. adip. ovin. ana ℥ j f. Cerat. Emp. diapal. or the min. may serve, Woodals' restrictive is good, viz. ℞ bol. ℥ iij. alum. Thur. ana ℥ s. rad. Consolid. mayor. ʒij. lap. osteocollae ℥ js. f. pull. & cum alb. ovi, & vini aceti q. s. f. Catap. or this of Hildanus excellent, ℞ Empl. slotani (vel diapal.) ℥ iiij. pull. rad. symphy. mayor. ros. rub. Myrtil. anaʒij. lap. osteocollae pp. ʒuj. Misce lento igne cum modic. ol. ros. f. Empl. These medicaments are to be applied three fingers above, and so much coming below the Fracture. For inward means;  
Use a thin diet every day or two, procuring a stool by clyster or suppository; if a fever hap, use cooling julips; if that serve not, open a vein on the contrary side. If it be needful for the procuring of the callus, use this ℞ lap. ossifragis diligenter praepar. ℥ j Cinam. electiʒiij. sacc. ℥ ij. f. pull. subtiliss. does. ʒij. in broth every morning fasting, two hours after. This may be administered to children, and old, not to youth.  
The member being bound up and situated, S. A. let it so remain till the third day, unless symptoms hinder; in simple fractures it may continued till the seventh, after that you may forbear, if nothing hinder; six or ten days, ever being careful to resist accidents, you may know the bone to be well set; first, if pain be assuaged. Secondly, if to your ceiling it be not rugged or bunchy. Thirdly, if it answer in length and thickness to the opposite sound part. Be sure to view it often, being subject to fall out by inconsiderate turn and convulsive twitchings, which will be known by renewing of the pain, and inequality in the part.  
Thirdly, if therewith, a wound be joined you must so order it as that there may be way for dressing of it, and yet care taken the part be kept steady; which may be done by a strong cloth three or four times double, which may once compass the part and the edges thereof overmeeting at the wound, and upon it convenient splints, tied on with filleting with a wooden or iron case for the part. Let the wound be dressed with lin. arcei, vel ℞ syr. e sicc. ros. Terebinth. ana ℥ ij. pull. rad. irios, aloes, mastic. farin. Hord. anaʒs. incorpor. & f. unguent. If the bone be foul, this will serve; otherways, you may have recourse where its more largely handled in ulcers. For their drink ℞ aq. Coct. lb vj. sacc. ℥ iiij. succ. limb. ℥ j Cinam. ʒij. Misce. The time of consolidation is uncertain, for the most part the thigh requires forty or fifty days, the arm thirty or forty.  
Fourthly, for accidents, if there be a phlegmon, contused or gangreen, cure them as in the proper Chapter; if heat, excoriations and itchings, use unguent. Tripharmac. spread upon paper.  
Thus much for Fractures in general, only observe first, the binding of the part; if it be too hard, besides the patient's complaint, there will be a hard tumour about the part, if well, a soft tumour, if too lose, none at all.  
Secondly, if on the third day, or after, the ligatures seem lose, it's a good sign.  
Thirdly, if the fractured bone stand forth in any part, it must be there more straight pressed with bolsters and splints.  
And lastly, after the seventh day, bind the part more straight; for than symptoms are usually passed.  
Having delivered general notions, we come to particular observations necessary to be known, in fractures of several parts: premising what hath been said in the general, may serve for Fractures in the arms, legs, and thighs, the last of which requires the more care, in as much as the bone naturally of itself is bowing; Fractures in the Cranium, and the nose have also been already handled. We now come to them in the Jaws.   

CHAP. II. The Jaws.  
WHich is restored by putting your finger into the patient's mouth, pressing them on the inside, and out, till they be smoothly reduced in, which if it be necessary, use some extension; if the teeth be shaken forth, put them into their right places, tying them to the sound with a thread. The splints applied are to be of sole leather, being divided at the chin, let the ligature be two fingers broad with four ends, two being fastened to the crown of the cap, the other to the same in the nape of the neck, you may know its well set by the order of the teeth, feed upon liquid things; its united sometimes in twenty days.   

CHAP. III. Of the Collar bones.  
THese are restored three ways: The first, is to draw the arm backward, and shoulder forward, and the Chirurgeon with his hand restoring them.  
Secondly, to put a clew of thread into the arm pits, and press the arm unto the ribs, and so reduce them.  
Thirdly, lay him upon his back, with a Trey under his shoulder with the bottom upward, pressing down the shoulder till the end of the bones lying hid fly out. I have done successfully by setting the patiented low, and causing one to set his knee against the shoulder, pulling it towards them, and so have set them. Here observe, as also in Fractures of the ribs; if any splints of bones cause pain with difficulty of breathing, than open the part and take them forth. Here bolsters with splints, and good rolling is to be used, three bolsters are necessary, one on each side, the third & thickest upon the fracture. The rouler must be a hand breadth, and two else and a half long, and is to run cross ways; the callus grows in twenty days.   

CHAP. IU. Of the Shoulder blades.  
THese may be fractured in the ridge, broad parts, as also in the Articulation. It's known by a painful inequality, perceived by feeling. If the broader or thinner part be fractured, there is a cavity and pricking pain in that part, and numbness troubles the arm, if the fragments prick not, restore them, if they do cause ill symptoms, open and take them out, and cure it, S. A.  
Observe, if a Fracture hap in the Articulation, there is scarce any hope of recovery.   

CHAP. V Of the Breast bone.  
THis is sometimes fractured, otherwhiles depressed, the Fracture is perceived by inequality, and going in with noise at the thrust of the finger, spitting of blood, difficulty of breathing and cough argue both. To reduce either, the course is to be taken as in the collar bones, the Chirurgeon pressing the, ribs on both sides, and set the bone with his hand; upon the part fitting medicines to assuage pain, and hinder inflammation, with fit bolsters and ligatures; this being near a noble part, is dangerous.   

CHAP. VI Of the Ribs.  
WHich is either inward or outward; the first is deadly, causing a more grievous pain than in the pleurisy, and is increased after eating: the latter is easily discerned by the inequality and noise upon touching. The restoring of them, if inwardly is, Let the patiented lie on the sound side, and to the fractured part apply this; ℞ Farin. Tritie. ℥. Ie●byocoll. diss●l. in aq. feabios. & pap. errat. ʒ. pull. mastic. Thur. farin. volat. sang. dracon. gypsi ana q.s. Coq. in aq. papau. rub. ad just. Consist. & f. Emp. apply it hot upon strong cloth with two strings fastened to the middle, having stuck sometime, pull it suddenly with great violence, so the rib will follow, this is to be done so often till he shall find himself better, and breath more easily. But if pricking pain continued, you must make incision and take out the fragments that torment, and cure it S. A. observing that a fit diet be prescribed, bleeding and purging be used If it may be done without intision, than anoint the whole side, cum ol. rosar. and apply this, ℞ farin. H●rd. ℥ iii pull. ros. rub. ℥. ballast. nuc. Cupres. gallar. rad. Tormentil. anaʒij. cum pose. & 〈◊〉 integre f. Emp. ad ol. ros. ℥. applicetur repidum, till the eighth day let the patiented drink twice a day, aq. Frunellae & dentis Leonis part. eq. The simple fractures may be easily cured; if upon either a Muscous tumour hap, which may be perceived by pressing, by no means neglect it, but if you can, resolve it by proper medicaments. If it degenerate into an abscess open it speedily, jest the matter corrupt the bone, and so cure it; otherwise there happens consumption and death.   

CHAP. VII. Of the Backbone.  
SOmetimes they are broken, other while bruised or strained on the inside, which causeth many malign symptoms, as palsy, etc. and after death. In this, you must make incision, and pull forth the officles that offend; if you cannot do this you are to apply Topics, ass waging pain and hindering inflammation; If only the process be broken; if incision be not required, reduce them, and so are they easily cured. After the same manner is restored, os sacrum or holy bone.   

CHAP. VIII. Of the Rumpe-bone.  
THese are to be set by putting your finger into the patient's fundament, and so thrusting it to the fractured place. By this means the fragments may be set in order, your other hand lying upon his back, the patient must keep his bed all the time of the cure, and if he sit, it must be in a perforated seat.   

CHAP. IX. Of the Hip.  
Signs ARe pain, 
Signs.  cavity, and numbness of the leg on the same side. If the splints of the bone be quite of, they must at the first by incision be taken away, having a care you hurt not the head of the muscles or vessels, If they be not broken of, reduce them smoothly and proceed S. A. For the Whirlebone of the Knee.   

CHAP. X. The Whirlebone of the Knee.  
After reduction, the leg is to be kept in a straight posture, that so the Knee may not be bowed, and fit medicaments ligat. and bolsters be applied.   

CHAP. XI. The bones of the hands and feet.  
BEing fractured, are to be restored by laying and setting them upon a smooth table, and being extended, than reduced, only observe they are very painful and require Anodyns, and the hand must after setting, always have in it a Tennis-ball kept, left it loose the most fitting figure for the patient's use and benefit.  
One thing observe, if upon a fracture you fear a gangreen, than instead of your former prescribed medicaments, use  diet in a good lixivium, wherein is boiled vulnerary herbs, as also for a time foment the part therewith.    


SECT. V CHAP. I. Dislocations.  
WE are now arrived at the last branch of solution in the hard part, 
Defin.  in which we shall follow this method; First, what it is, viz. It's the going out of the bone from its proper cavity, and so hindering voluntary motion.  
Secondly, 
Causes.  the Causes which are either 1. Internal, as excrementitious humours and flatulencies, which I have seen in divers. Secondly, external falls, strokes, slippings, etc. to these adds Pareus a third, which is hereditary, and not improbable.  
Thirdly, 
Difer.  the differences are First complete, when altogether forth. Secondly, when not altogether. Thirdly, when only distorted. The first of these are fourfold, forward, backward, outward, inward; these again are either simple or compound.  
Fourthly, 
Signs.  the Signs are a Tumour in the part whither its feign, and hollowness in the place from whence it's come, also pain and privation of motion.  
Fifthly Prognostics, in children, 
Prognost.  and those that are young, and simple, easy, but hard if compound, painful, inflamed, if long forth, and the part be extenuated.  
Sixtly the Cure, 
Cure.  in general; observe first, extension is to be made till there be free space betwixt the dislocated bones, yet in some cases this is not needful, as you shall see in the shoulder.  
Secondly, force it into its proper seat, which is known by a popping noise, ease of pain, and likeness of parts, these are all necessary in some joints.  
Thirdly, apply fit medicines (yet note simple luxations need no applications or ligations, but are happily cured without, as by experience I have found, besides the constant practice of Mr. Hailes in Northamptonshire, who in his time was most eminent and successful in his practice, with whom I had much familiarity, by reason of a Cancer he had in his tongue, and chin.) If any be necessary, such as are in Fractures may be applied.  
Fourthly, use ligations.  
And fifthly, keep it in a sitting posture; but these need not unless the luxation be compounded.  
Lastly, remove symptoms, as pain and inflammation, only observing that if these hap together before setting, let it alone till they be removed, as in the Treatise of Fractures. If it be old, than discussive fomentations must be frequently used, and after this Catap. (having made gentle motion up and down, too and again) ℞ rad. Althaeae ℥ uj Cucum. asin.. ℥ iij. fol. malu. Althaeae ana Mij. Cost. in aq. & Contus. add. farm. faenigraes. & sem. lini ana ℥ js. l. Cham. ℥ vj. lilior. ℥ ij. Misce, f. Carapl. and so with fit bolsters and ligatures, let it be bound up conveniently. Yet after all this, when it's performed, you will find the motion of the part little or none, as I have observed.  
Thus having done with generals, which must be both in Fractures and dislocations, as far as is necessary carried to the particulars, we come to them: and first of luxation in the Jawbone.   

CHAP. II. In the Jawbone.  
THis is either on one side or both, which if not speedily set, may procure death. If only on one side the chin is drawn aside. If both, it hangs forward towards the breast. To set them, put your thumbs lapped in linen into the mouth, and with them press hard down the great teeth, and lift up the jaw with your finger underneath. Thus I restored an old woman, which came by yawning. Others put wedges of hassill or fir a finger thick, casting a band about the chin, stand behind the patiented, and draw the chin towards them, and at the same time press down the wedges. After this, apply medicaments, if necessary, as also ligatures; for diet use liquid things.   

CHAP. III. Collar bones.  
IT's hard to be known, and as hard to be cured, as also easy to be mistaken; they may be dislocated, inward, outward, and side ways. The restoring of them, is either by moving and extending the arm, or as is set down in the Fractures of the same.   

CHAP. IU. Of the Spondyls or Vertebra.  
IF it be of the first next the head, in which the chin is fastened to the neck, death follows, for those under all along are dangerous, and may be either strained or luxated, and that to both sides, outward, and inward; the last most dangerous. If above the neck there will be a great pain, difficulty of breathing, and face look black, to restore which, the patiented being set low, let one lie with all his weight upon his shoulders, and the Chirurgeon taking his head about his ears betwixt his hands, and so shake and move it to every part till it be restored. Which being done, the pain will suddenly cease, and they be freely able to turn and move their neck; if it be below the neck, and inward, Mr. Hailes cured one thus; He took the party by both hands, and cast them over his shoulder, and with his back parts gave a sudden jerk, bending forwards, and so reduced it. If it be outwardly, lay them upon a table with their face downward, having bound them about the flanks with long towels, as also under the armpits, than make extension without violence, and with your hands laid upon the extuberation, force it in, taking care you hurt not the processes: As for that from an inward cause, it's absolutely uncurable, unless they be done at first with great care and diligence, Hildanus saith, if the luxation be complete, its deadly.   

CHAP. V Of the Rump.  
WHich being, dislocated, causeth such an impotency in the leg, that he cannot bring his heel to his buttocks, nor bend his knee, unless with great force. The cure is performed as in a Fracture in the same part.   

CHAP. VI Of the Ribs.  
IT causeth if inward, difficulty of breathing, pain in bowing down, or lifting up the body. To deliver from which the dislocation is speedily to be restored, and if the rib fall on the upper part of the Vertebra, the patient must hung with his arms upon some high door, and than the rib is to be depressed down into its cavity; if it fall down on the lower part of the Vertebra, the patiented is to bend downward, setting his hand upon his knees, and than press it in. If it be inward, its supposed incurable in these, as also in the Vertebra's is to be used besides Empl. fomentations; as ℞ salu. Althaeae stor. Cham. Melilot. & Hyperic. ana Mj. Coq. pro from. after this anoint the part cum l. Lumbric. irin. lilior. ana ℥ ij. dialthaeae ℥. ung. Agrip. ℥ s. Misce.   

CAHP. VII. Of the Shoulder.  
FOr the restoring of which divers ways are used, that which most commonly was practised by Mr. Hailes (whether dislocated inward, outward, or sideways) was this, he took the patient's hand, & laid it in his neck, after with the right hand pressed his arm close to the ribs, and after suddenly thrust the elbow upward. This I have used, and as he, so I never failed. Some others, if inward, do it upon a door, ladder or coulestaffe, upon two men's shoulders, in these the patient is to be held by the arm, the head of the bone rightly placed on the instrument, and he standing upon a stool is to be cast.  
Of the Elbow.  
This is hard to be reduced, unless speedily effected, whether it be backward, or forward, or sideways, it's to be set by setting the part into which the bone is fall'n upon your arm, and so endeavour to bend the arm; by which it's reduced, as also the wrist; this was the practice also of Mr. Hailes, but for the wrist some take by the hand near the joint, the arm being held and so move the hand upwards and downwards, or sidewaies till it be restored, this I have practised.   

CHAP. VIII. Of the Thigh or Hip.  
IF it be dislocated inward, the share and groins sweated▪ the buttocks are wrinkled, they cannot extend the leg without pain, nor stand upon their toes, their urine is suppressed. 
Cure.  For the restoring of which, lay the patiented upon a bench or table, in the midst of which, let there be a pin of wood pretty thick which must be lapped with linen ; the patiented is so to be situated that this pin be between his legs near the head of the luxated bone, and after make extension and force in the head of the bone to its place. Others use ligatures, by which making extension, having a round thing in the groin, they speedily with violence bring in the patient's knee, with leg inwards to the other, and so force it to its cavity.  
If outward.  
This is easily perceived, and if new, as easily reduced, by laying the party upon his face, and pressing it down with your hands into the right place.  
If forward.  
The patiented is to be laid on his sound side, and by ligature just extension being made with the hand, force in the bone.  
If backward.  
It must be reduced with extension after the same manner as when outward. Observe that all dislocations of the thigh which are old, are hardly or never reduced, and after all reducing of it, let there be rest commanded, it being bound up, jest it recidivate.   

CHAP. IX. Of the Whirlebone.  
IT may be dislocated upward, downward, or sideways, it's to be restored to its place by the hand, 
Cure.  the patiented firmly standing, and so after medicines applied, let it, with fitting bolsters, filling the ham, and ligatures, be bound up, and a case made to strengthen it, and so command rest as long as is convenient. Which being done, let the knee by little and little be bowed till it come to its proper motion, to it apply Emp. Paracel.   

CHAP. X. Of the Knees.  
THey may be dislocated inward, outward, and backward, seldom or never forward, you may know them by the debility of the joint, and he cannot bring his heel to touch his buttock; for the two first, after due extension enforce them into their places; for the third, take the patient's leg between yours, he fitting upon a low stool, and so bring his leg forceably toward his buttock; if the last hap, lay him upon a table with his face upward, and force in the bone.  
For the dislocation of the fociles, heel, and ankles; what hath been said may serve, only symptoms are to be specially eyed, the bones of the hand, singers, feet, and toes are to be reduced, as is set down in Fractures.  
Thus having done with luxations; we come to some rare symptoms which hap after both Fractures and Dislocations; as first, Atrophia or wasting of the part.   

CHAP. XI. Atrophia or wasting of the part.  
IT's occasioned either by idleness of the part, too hard ligature, or as Hildanus; by Tumour possessing a joint. If by too hard ligature, lose it. For the first, use Frications for half an hour, and than anoint it, cum ol. Amygd. d. ℥ ij. Cham. ℥ j Misce. This do morning and night; this you may use for fifteen days; after for as long, ℞ ol. Catellor. lumb. ana ℥ ij. ol. Amygd. ℥ iij. Misce. After for fifteen days more, ℞ ol. viol. olivar. ana ℥ js. pic. Naval. ℥ ij. ol. Amygd. d. ℥ j f. Lt. before the anointing use this, foment. ℞ rad. bryon. lilior. Althaeae. ana ℥ iij. Coq. in juscul. Capitis, pedum & intestinorum vituli aut vervecis. Let this be applied two hours, night and morning; if you suspect the original of the nerves to be obstructed, than use strong resolvers, as may be seen in palsy upon a wound; as for the last, Hild. used first purging by phlegmagogues, after using the like decoct. and ointments, as before. Note if by these means the part grow read, there is hope. Some apply dropax. I cured one by frications, bleeding on the same arm, and unguent. dialth.   

CHAP. XII. Gibbosities, if in the loins.  
FIrst, anoint the whole back; and this, ℞ aq. granor. juniperi, sine vino distil. aq. salv. betonic. lavendul. ana ℥ ij. pull. rad. bistort. Tormentil. rosar. ana ℥ ij. misce f. q; infusio. in ampulla magna per dies 8. vel 9 deinde per inclinationem a pulveribus seperata aq. ad usum reservetur. After anointing apply the following plaster, which is also excellent in Fractures; ℞ Empl. slotani. ℥ v. Cer. flau. ℥ ij lap. osteocoll. ℥ ●. pull. rad. consolid. mayor. Ter. sig. anaʒiij. pull. balaustior. nuc. Cupress. rosar. ●dorifer. anaʒj. Misce lentissimo igne f. q; Emp. come ol. ros. aut mastic. q. s. Emp. slotano. ℞ axung. porc. rec. ℥ xij. ol. ros. rec Minij. ana ℥ xx. Calchitidis ustae ana ℥ ij. adip. cervi. ℥ iiij. Mastic. oliban. ana ℥ ij. f. Emp. S. A. agitando bacillis salicis & succulentis. If there be bunchings forth in other parts, by no means as the custom of some is, break the member again, but rather assay to waste what is superfluous by frictions, and resolving, foment. ung. and Emp. observing that the plaster upon Gibbosities in the loins need not be removed in three or six days, though the back and thigh may be anointed. Hildanus.  
Thus having done with solution in hard parts, we shall put an end to the first part of Chirurgery by handling Combustions, Ecchymosis, and Gangrenes, the second frequently following Contusions, and the last may hap upon all solutions.   

CHAP. XIII. Burn or scalds.  
FOr the causes and signs they are obvious, the difference is only in the quantity. 
Prognost.  The Prognostics are these: If it be small, and a body of good constitution, its easy. If deep to the veins and Arteries in an impure body, and be in the groynes, belly, eyes, and parts of the head, and in children, hard, if in the intestines, death.  
Before blisters arise, onions and salt beaten together, and applied is excellent, which I have often proved, or this, ℞ Caepae Crud. ℥ s. sal. sapon. ven. ana ℥ s. Misce & f. ung. cum ol. ros. & Amygd. d. If the party be strong, and the burn great, let blood, and purge; as ℞ diacatholic. ʒuj. e succ. ros. ʒij. syr. ros. sol. ℥ ●. cum aq. Cichor. & buglos. f. pot. To ease pain, and to cure, this excellent, ℞ butyr. rec. in aq. ros. lot. ℥ iij ol. viol. de vitel. ovor. Amyg. d. ana ℥ ●. farin. Hord ℥ s. Croc. ℈ j Mucilag. sem. Cydon. ℥ ●. ●er. q. s. f. ung. in mortario. In the face, and for children use this, often by me tried; ℞ ol. ros. ℥ ij. aq. ros. ℥ j alb. ovor. Nij. Misce diligenter. It's to be applied often without linen, I have used in other parts also. If in the groynes, ℞ ung. ros ℥ j basilic. ℥ vj. ol. vitel. ovor. lilior. ana ℥ s. Myrrh. Aloes, anaʒ●. upon which apply this; ℞ far. Hord. farbar. orobi ana ℥ pull ros. ℥ s. come mel. ros. vel oxymel. f. Catap. To incarn, use this, ℞ pull. rad. vincitox. & Angelic. ana ℥ j Myrrh. Mastic. oliban. lo●. scored. ana ℥ s. f. p ul. tenuis. ex quo cum s. q. succ. Nicotic. sanicul. vel pyrolae f. Troch. dry them in the shadow, and after powder them, this is excellent in putrid and venomous ulcers, as Anthrax. Gangrena & Cancer. Minsicht. highly commends alb. ovor. & ol. olivar. two parts of the first, and one of the last, and saith its wonderful. Formuis his Ivy boiled in water. This I received as a secret; and its effectual; ℞ plantag. Hederae terrest. ana Mj. Concis. & contund. & coq. in axung. aprin. ℥ iiij. deindè Colet. apply it after anointing upon a fine linen  twice a day.   

CHAP. XIV. Ecchymosis.  
IT's an effusion of blood under the skin, and causeth blackness, it being caused most frequently by contusions, sometimes by the mouths of the vessels being opened; the blood sometimes pours itself inward.  
For Prognostics, if the blood be thin, and can be discussed, 
Prognost.  it's well, otherways it may gangreen.  
If it be great and much pain, 
Cure.  let blood (especially if you fear it fall inward,) and purge as ℞ pull. lax. ℈ ij. syr. ros. come. cum rhab. sen. & agar. ℥ j cum ss. q. decocti agrimon. Cuscut. veronicae, & sem. anis. f. p. after give this; ℞ rhei, Terr. sig. bol. oped. mum. anaʒ●. f. pull. does. ʒj. in acet. vel oxycr at. Irish slate, or sperm. ceti. is good. This is excellent, ℞ conser. flor. genist. ʒs. Mum. ℈ ij. rhapontic. g. 25. sem. Nasturtii. hortens. ℈ j Mis. cum oxyerat. f. bol. take it at the hour of sleep, & drink this upon it; ℞ aq barber. & nuc. viridis ana ℥ s. syr. acetoes. Citrij. ʒx. ol. vitriol. q. s. ad gratam aciditatem, Misce f. julep. after use a clyster. Outwardly anoint the part cum ol. ros. and after it for four or five days. If in the beginning, twice a day apply this; ℞ far. Hord. & Fabar. ana ℥ ij. pull, ros. ℥ j Coq. vino rub. parumque aceti ad. Catapl. add. ol. ros. parum & vitel. ovi cum alb. than if the blackness be not gone, use this; ℞ rad. Althaeae ℥ j absinth. rosar. origani, agrimoni. flor. Cham. Melilot. Sambuc. ana Mj. sem. anisi. Cumin. faenugraec. ana ℥ j incidant. & contund. indanturque sacculo, quem intertextum & vino rub. cum aq. incoctum apply it hot to the part three or four times a day, after anoint with this, ℞ ol. Cham. aneth. lumbric. ana ℥ ●. anisi. subtiliss. pull. ʒij. f. Lt. thus Hildanus. Rad. sigil. Solom. if new, bruised, and applied, if old, boiled in wine, is accounted the most efficacious remedy. I with good success applied Empl. Paracel. vel crocatum. If these do not, use cups, and scarify, which is excellent; if it tend to a gangreen, cure as followeth. Observe in all contusions of the joints, Catap. are better than ointments.   

CHAP. XV. Gangreen.  
IT's a beginning or partial mortification of the soft part, the causes as you have heard may be all sorts of solution, especially after wounds made by gunshot, and great contusions, etc. But besides there are internal causes, as from excess, or malignity of humours, as also cold, etc.  
Signs. 
Signs.  If from inflammation, there is pain and pulsation, with a sudden changing of fiery read, into livid and black, which being pressed returns not. If from cold, a sharp, pricking, burning pain, and shining redness, seizeth suddenly upon the part, after it turns livid, there is also a coldness and numbness, and as if shaken with a quartane Ague. If from hard binding; it's known by the hardness of the part, little pimples and blisters rise upon the skin. If from bits and punctures. Signs are as inflammation, and observe there may be motion, though there be a gangreen, nay a mortification, if the heads of the muscles be not affected.  
Prognostics. 
Prognost.  If the malignity be not speedily withstood the part will perish, and will also infect the adjacent parts, and the rather, if the humour first take hold on the bones, and inflammation proceeds from them, they are incurable frequently: but if the muscles and nerves be not hurt the person young, and of good constitution being well handled in the beginning it may be cured. If from an afflux of venomous humours or of occult quality or abundance, as also in bodies affected with a dropsy, hardly cured.  
Cure Internal. First, 
Cure.  prescribe a convenient diet, cold and dry.  
Secondly, if plethoric, let blood, and purge.  
Thirdly, use cordials to strengthen internal parts against putrid vapours, as ℞ lap. Bezoar. oss is de Cord. Cervi ana ℈ j Margar. prep.. ℈ ij. C.C. usti, Terr. sig. anaʒ●. sacc. Cand ℥ s. Misce f. pull. does. ʒj. cum aq. Cordiali, or this; ℞ Confect. Alker. ℈ ij. in aq. vel decoct. Cinam. ℥ j aq. Calend. buglos. ana ℥ s. syr. Caryoph. ʒuj. you may of these make Epithemes for heart and wrists, adding some vinegar; if pain torment the head, use clysters and suppositories, and anoint with this, ℞ ol. ros. Nenuph. ana ℥ s. Camphor. opij dissol. in aq. betonic. dissol. ana g. uj. Misce f. lin. with it anoint the temples and forehead. Cordial juleps every two or three hours, are to be exhibited, and diaphoreticks sometimes to be used.  
Externall. First, defend the sound parts, and stay the flux, ℞ bol. Arm. terr. sig. ana ℥ s. misc. cum ac●to scored. apply this. Or this, ℞ far. Hord. ℥ iiij. bol. oped. alb. ℥ ij pull. gallar. nuc. cupress. Cortic. granat. anaʒjs caphur. ʒ j cum oxymel. f. Catap. apply them higher than the part affected, and remove them often, and apply fresh.  
Secondly, revel or derive the humours from the part affected by cups, leeches, as well as purge and bleed.  
Thirdly, bring the part to its natural temper by evacuating the blood, and other humours in it incompacted. If little by scarification; if much by incision, taking care of the great vessels: to the scarifications apply small cups, but rather leeches; after apply with stuphs, if the affect be superficial, vinegar and salt; if great and deep, use this hot, ℞ lixiu. fortis. aceti. oped. ana lb iij. scored. absinth. lupinor. contus. ana Ms. rad. Aristol. rotund. vincitox. ana ℥ s. sal. marin. ℥ iiij. Coq. ad consumpt. 3. part. in Colatur. dissol. Aloes. myrrh. pull. ana ℥ s. rursum semel atque iterum ebulliant. tandem ad. Mel. ros. ℥ j spir. vini ℥ iij. Caphur. ʒj. misc. f. fot. or Woodall; which is this; ℞ lixiu. de cineribus lig. frax. gall. 4. Herb. Centaur. scored. Card. bened. absinth. rosmar. Hyperic. ana p. iij. flor. Cham. melilot. ana p. 1. f. decoct. ad 3. part. Consumpt. col. ad sal. Mij. vitriol. virid. lb s. spir. vini lb ij. Misce S. A. If you please, you may add Myrrh, Al●es, and Caph. and leave out the vitriol. After the use of these for half an hour, apply into the incisions ung. Aegyptiac. with pledgets of tow, adding thereto spir. vini & oxymel. S. or Aegyptiacum alone, of which receive two descriptions, ℞ aerugi. ℥ v. mel. oped. ℥ fourteen. aceti vini ℥ seven. Coq. omnia simul donec f. ung. spissum & colour is purpurei. vel ℞ Aerugin. ℥ iiij. mel. oped. & cum decoc●. absin●● & scored. despumat. lb j aceti scillit. ℥ vj. Alum. sal. Amonia●. ana ℥ ●. succ. ru●ae, scored. utriusque & alliariae ana ℥ iij. Coq. ad spissi●udi Mel. deinde add. Theria●. op●. mit●rid. ana ℥ s. cap●urae ℥ ●. misce. It resists putrefaction; diminisheth, & tempereth the malign vapours arising from the gangreen, separateth the dead flesh from the living, and produceth a gentle and laudable escar; if the affect be in scr●tum, this is excellent, as also in other parts; ℞ vitrioli ℥ ●. summit. querc. Mj. Thur. ℥ ●. Cap●ur. ℥ ij. vini lb ijs. C●q. ad 3. part. consump. & Colet. upon these are to be applied this following: ℞ farin. fab. Hord. & orob. ana ℥ iiij. lixiu. lb iiij. Co●. hoc ad Catap. consist. ad. oxymel. ℥ ij. ung. Egypt. ℥ ●. Misce. Vel farin. ●upinor. le●tium fabarum, loliis. sal. Marin. ana ℥ iij. pull. summit. absinth. scored. utriusque, alliariae, rutae ana ℥ ●. Coq. in oxymel. S. & f. Catapl. re●rigerato add Aloes, myrrh. ana ℥ j aq. vitae ℥ iij. Misce. or this which hinders putrefaction, resolves, cleanseth, dries up the virulent sanies, strengtheners and easeth pain, ℞ far. Hord. fabar. orob. lentium lupinor. ana lb s. sal. common. Mel. rosar. ana ℥ iiij. suc. absinth. marrhub. ana ℥ i●s. aloes mastic. myrrh. & aq. vitae ana ℥ ij. oxymel. s. q. s. f. Catap. Sometimes use actual cauteries, which are excellent to hinder putrefaction of neighbouring parts, comforts the member being cold, resolves corrupted matter, and stays blood flowing. Lay upon the escar the juice of leeks and salt beaten together, adding what may hasten the fall of the escar. Which being effected, mundify and cleanse, come ung. mixto i e. ung. Basilic. & Aegyptiac● ana part aeq. or ℞ fari. ervi. rad. Aristol. rotund. irid. florent. vincit●x. Angelic. ana ℥ ● Theriac. ʒij. cum s q. Mel. re●. f. ung. But take heed cauteries be not applied to gangreen. Here might be handled gangrenes produced from various causes; but its needless, if we consider the main intention, which is to separate the dead from the living, and hindering further progress. Besides, most Authors are silent therein. Hildanus herein hath done excellently, and some of his imitators. I shall therefore conclude with one observation of Riverius, which is this, being called to one, who through the ill opening of a vein, had a gangreen possessed his arm, and ordinary means used, and yet not effectual; he caused the scarification formerly made to be humected with spir. sulphur. which cauterised the mortified flesh, after he fomented the whole part with Spirit of wine, in which the powder of Aloes and myrrh had been infused; this was applied very hot, than in great quantity he strewed the part affected with the powder of myrrh and aloes, and upon it clothes dipped in the foresaid spir. vini. In some hours by these, the arm in a miraculous manner came to its native colour, the tumour assuaged, the gangreen stayed, so that the next day the mortified flesh separated from the living; after which, he applied a digestive of the yolkes of eggs, turpentine, and honey, and after proceeded according to Art. If the means prescribed will not prevail, dismembering must be used. But this belonging to the third part of Chirurgery, we for present shall wave it. And having run through the first Part, we come to the second Part of Chirurgery.     


CHAP. I The Second Part of CHIRURGERY.  
WHICH is to separate parts unnaturally joined these being few, we shall for brevity's sake pass over general notions which might be premised, and come to the particular operations, wherein may be observed what in the general is omitted, only they are such as are received in the womb, or else accidental after wound and ulcers, not carefully dressed. As after a wound in the eyelids received at the siege of Banbury, which being not Art-like dressed, the eyelids conglutinated, and so he delivered up as hopeless of his sight recovery. But removing to Warwick to me, I dividing them, he presently received that which he supposed lost, and so was cured S.A.  
Sometimes also the eyelid may grow to the white which must be divided, care taken you cut not the white, therefore put in your probe (being small and smooth) betwixt the white and the lid, and so divide it with a crooked incision knife, after which, use the white of an egg, with some rose-water beaten together, and applied upon a small pledget, which may hinder agglutination again: as also it will be necessary, the Patient be often turning it up. Here also fitting Collyrium is to be used, which you may find set down in the effects of the eyes.  
Gums.  
And here the dividing of the Gums in children may be handled, which though it cannot be called an unnatural union by reason of nature's design, and so generally happens to all; yet when that design comes to its period, and nature endeavours to thrust out the teeth, and the gums, from some cause hinders to the endangering of the life of the creature, than in some sense they may be looked on, at lest as continuing unnaturally joined, and speedy help to be administered. Which is by dividing the gums with an incision knife, or a piece of gold, in those places where the teeth bunch out with a little swelling; but this must be done in time before mortal accidents, as consumption of the body, and convulsion; by this means many may be preserved, which otherways may perish.   

CHAP. II. Ancyloglossis, or tongue-tied, or Contraction.  
ANd this as Horstius saith, may either be by the default of the forming faculty, or else accidental as in fevers. In children it hinders sucking or speaking, and in men when accidental, it hinders volubility of speech, and a right pronunciation. You may perceive it in either by the shortness of the nervous ligament, which draws the end of the tongue inward. For the cure of the first, the ligament must be divided broad ways (taking heed of the veins and Arteries) in two or three places, and after by the Nurse's finger dipped in Mel. ros. often lifted up. If it grow together again, as it often happens, divide it.  
Sometimes you cannot effect this operation without great danger, than its most safe to pass through a needle and thread, which tie daily straiter, till it be broken; if by accident, as in fevers, than use things humecting and mollifying, which is Horstius counsel in his Decades 4. Quest. 1.   

CHAP. III. Ears.  
THe passages of which may be unnaturally obstructed, and must be divided, the membranes obstructing, are either external and obvious, or internal, and scarce to be seen; the first may easily be divided, and afterwards cicatrising medicines lapped about a pipe applied. The second is dangerous, and is rather to be eaten away by eroding medicaments, taking special care of the drum of the ear.   

CHAP. iv Neck distorted.  
THis happens most frequently in children from a defluxion, 
Cause.  arising from a cold and moist distemper of the brain, which falling into the neck, 
Sign.  sometimes produceth a great tumour, after which, a contraction and distortion. If taken in time, 
Prog.  it may be cured, otherwise scarce perfectly.  
The offending matter is to be evacuated, either with pills according to the age and strength of the patiented, as if in children very young, ℞ pull. Arthritic. g. xv. Caryophyl. N. 1. cum aq. betonic. f. pil. or pil. Catholic. g. viij. vel x. or pil. ex alo. ros. or ℞ mercu. dull. g. vj. diagrid. g. iiij. fol. Auri N. 1. or a proper Apozeme. The pills may be administered every third or fourth day, the Apozeme daily. In those that are elder the doses may be increased. 
Cure.  Also there may be used pil. Coch. vel de Agaric. Mesue. particular evacuations are to be masticatories and Errhins, a Fontinell in the arm or coronal suture is good.  
For Topics to the head, use lixivi. of Cephalicke herbs. Cephalicke powders, proper Emplasters, as Ceroneum. To the neck is to be used Emollient fomentations, made of Mallows, Althaea, etc. Also unguents, Cataplas. or Emplas. of the same property, as ung. dialth. ol. lumbricor. vulpini, Empl. de Mucilag. Ciculae, etc. The flux being stayed, and the part affected sufficiently mollified, bolster and a fit instrument is to be used, by which the wrynesse may be amended. Some for this use cutting, of which operation I am ignorant, yet know divers have undergone it three or four times, with little or no advantage.   

CHAP. V The Yard.  
HEre are divers affects to be handled, as first, the foreskin may stick to the nut or glans, and than you are to divide it (as hath been set down in the eyelid sticking to the white) after with fit medicaments cured; but note, that if it grow to in all places, it's not to be meddled with.  
Secondly, the glans may not be perforated, which is to be opened with a lancet, and a small leaden pipe kept in till it be well.  
Thirdly, it's not rightly perforated, but only hath a small hole near the fraenum or ligament of the yard, so that the urine passeth not in a right line, neither can they procreate.  
In this case extend the prepuce with the lefthand, and divide the glans to the hole, and use a pipe.  
Fourthly, if its very little, the passage in children, in this rather use an eldern pith compressed and anointed cum ung rosac. than incision.  
And lastly, the fraenum or bridle may be too short, in which also the urine and semen cannot come forth direct. This is to be divided with much dexterity, and the wound cured, as others in the part.   

CHAP. VI Vulva.  
IT may be shut up either by a membrane obvious, or else by the Hymen; the first may be safely divided, the other is carefully to be performed. To this end an instrument is to be used to dilate the vulva that your work may be discerned, and so done, taking heed that you hurt not the parts with your knife, after division, apply turunds dipped in the white of an egg and rose water, as also  doubled dipped in the same, afterwards symptoms being assuaged, use a leaden pipe of sufficient bigness, length and thickness, anointed cum unguent. diapompholygos. If it hap that by a wound or ulcer, it's joined, than after binding of them; (as for the stone) divide it, and cure it as aforesaid.   

CHAP. VII. The Fundament.  
THis also may be unperforated in children, which is carefully to be divided a little, and after dilated with speculum ani, jest you hurt the sphincter muscle, after division, use a leaden pipe anointed with some discussive unguent.   

CHAP. VIII. Fingers and Toes.  
THese may be so either from the womb, or after by accident as upon wounds, especially burns, unless the former be joined by nerves, tendons and vessels, let them, as also those by accident be divided. After with some restrictive powder cast on to stay bleeding, apply this, the white of eggs mixed with rose and Plantain water, with oil of roses; to the wrist apply a defensitive, and anoint the whole arm and hand, as also leg and foot with ol. ros myr●illor & lumbricorum, and so roll it up. The second day, use this digestive, ℞ Terebinth. lot. in aq. ros. & plantag. ℥ ●. ol. ros. & vitel. ovor. anaʒij. Croci ℈ s. vitel. ov. Nj. Misce, after incarn and cicatrise, S.A. And observe that in all these operations, if necessity requires, use fitting general evacuations. Having briefly passed over the second Part, we come to the third Part of Chirurgery.    



SECT. I. CHAP. I. The Third Part of CHIRURGERY.  
WHich is to remove things superfluous. And these are so either by their own nature or by event; the latter are divers: As first, a dead child detained too long in the womb, to the endangering of the mother's life.  
Secondly, the falling of the small guts into the Scrotum.  
Thirdly, the amputation of a member.  
Fourthly, the extirpation of any part, as the breast.  
Fifthly, blood offending either in quantity or quality.  
Those that are so by nature, are either somewhat familiar to nature, or altogether adverse. Of the first sort, are first strumas and wens. Secondly, Cataracts, those adverse to nature, are stones in sundry parts of the bodies: of all which in order as briefly and methodically as we are able; observing that under the former general heads, divers particulars are contained. We shall begin with things so by event; And  
First, of the extraction of children dead or alive, also a Mole and Secundine, whereunto we shall add the manner of bringing women to bed artificially and safely with ease: as also the Cesarean birth, and lastly, cast in the cure of some symptoms, which may hap upon some of these.   

CHAP. II. Children dead or alive.  
WE shall put the two first together, because a living child, if the body be of too great a magnitude, or any part have extraordinary tumefaction, as Hydrocephalos, etc. it's the same way to be performed upon this account that one may be saved. We shall not need to give the signs of a child living, because manifest; those of a dead, are these:  
If neither the Chirurgeons hand, 
Signs.  nor the mothers can perceive it move. If the water and secundine come forth, it's certainly dead. Again it's more heavy in the womb, and falls that way the mother inclines, great pain from the privities to the navel, with a perpetual desire to make water, and go to stool, her privities are cold, and from her womb filthy excrements are avoided, and her belly swells.  
It being known, 
Prognost.  make speed to save the mother if her strength be good. But if not, which is known by the smallness of her pulse, by her small, seldom, and cold breathing, cold sweats, deathlike countenance, and extreme parts cold. Let her alone with a Prognosticke of death.  
For to help, 
Cure.  First, all physical means having been used; and proving not available, than it's to be drawn forth by the hand, or if that cannot effect it, than by instrument the first way was often successfully used by Hildanus. Thus first, he gave a cordial composed of the waters of Cinnamon. Burrag. and bugloss, with Confect. Alkermes, than put the woman in a sitting posture, and his hands being anointed with a L●. composed of the oils of white lilies, and the fat of a hen and goose, and put it into the womb, and drew forth the dead birth. In some, he used a bag of Emollients applied to the privities, and anointed them with the foresaid ointment, sometime before the operations, and for accident happening, after he gave eight grains of Bezoar in aq. Cinam. s. vino distil. & Confect. alker. and wonderfully commends it.  
If instruments must be used, which is difficult, the room being warm, place her overwhart the bed with her hips up, and a hard bolster under them, and so put her into a posture, neither altogether sitting nor lying along on her back, her heels must be drawn up close to her hips, and with soft linen roulers tied, as in cutting for the stone, to which for concissenes, we refer you. Which being done cover the thighs and privities, with a warm cloth, than the Chirurgeon having his nails pared, his ring's of, his arms naked, (and they and his hands well anointed with the foresaid ointment) gently draw the flappes of the neck of the womb asunder, putting his hand up gently to find out the situation and form of the child in the womb, if the head be towards the orifice, than turn it gently the feet forward, If both come together, draw it gently forth, if but one, tie it, and so go along till you find the other, having put that up which you tied in the drawing forth; Let the woman hold her breath, and have her mouth and nostrils stopped, that so she may be helpful.  
Others may help by pressing the belly. If it be so great that it cannot be turned, than a hook is to be fastened either to the chin, or rather to the hinder part of the head, for so the wind and humours being let forth, it by gentle pulling will be the easiler extracted, if the breast be affected, fasten the hook about the channel bone, if it be lower, take hold of the short ribs, or of pubes, if lower, put in a crooked knife, and cut them.  
But note, these things are not to be done, unless the child be dead, and the mother in great danger. And observe all the woman's privities must be well anointed to make them the more slippery.  
I shall conclude this dreadful operation with that saying of Sennertus, which he hath in Lib. 4. Part. 2. Sect. 6. Chap. 7. (and which may serve this Climate as well as that.)  
Verum, in nostris regionibus nunquam aut certe rarissime foeminae tales operationes admittunt, sed potius rem omnem Deo, & Naturae committunt.  
Which amounts to this, That women will seldom or never admit of these operations, but rather commit the business to God, and Nature. As for a Mola.   

CHAP. III. A Mola.  
WHich is produced from a great deal of blood cloying, 
Signs.  a little ill disposed seed. It is hardly known, especially till the fourth month, after which, the motion of the Mole will be to that side; the woman turns her to like a stone, with trembling and beating; the belly is sooner great, and more hard than in a true birth, and more troublesome to carry.  
Again, there appears no milk in the breast; there is also difficulty of breathing, pain in the back and the groynes.  
Take this for a Prognosticke, 
Prognost.  If upon the coming away of the Mole there be great flux of blood, its dangerous. To extract it after its separated from the womb must be as is handled in a dead child, only the instrument must be the Griffons talon.   

CHAP. IU. Secundine.  
THough it might have been placed after bringing women to bed; yet because it may so fall out, it may come to handy operation, we shall do it here: there is two ways of bringing it away, Physically, and Manually.  
The first is rather to be desired, 
Cure.  and therefore I shall set down only Zacutus pull. praestantissimus (as he calls it) ℞ Carabes tenuissime pulv. ʒj. Castor. ʒs. dictam pulegij. anaʒj. Cinamʒj. borac. ℈ js. Spicaenard. ℈ j Myrrh. ℈ js. rub. tinctor. ℈ j Croc. g. vj. f. pull. subtiliss. does. ʒ js. cum sac. & vino alb. or this which I saw experimented.  
Take sweet myrrh, ambar, and spermaceti, equal quantities to the quantity of a ʒjs. in white wine posset drink; after it came forth, I beheld it, and saw it had seated itself unto the womb.  
One thing I forgot, which should have been set down in Mola, that after endeavour to extract, and yet it proved fruitless by reason of a flux of blood. Zacutus gave these pills, ℞ Euphor. ʒj. f. pil. cum syr. Artemisiae four times in the space of twelve days, three hours after supper, and they brought away eight Moles.  
If it must be done with the hand, it being anointed, is to be put up, and finding the navel string, follow it till you come to the Secundine, and it stick, than shake it gently, and when it is loosed, draw it out.   

CHAP. V Of the easy and safe bringing women to bed.  
AS for the easy and safe bringing women to bed, though it be most fit for the Midwife, yet it hath fallen out to be the practice of the Chirurgeon, therefore we shall give brief directions. It is not necessary to set down foregoing signs, being so notoriously known to all.  
When the time is come, put her in a convenient posture either in or upon her bed, or in a stool for the same purpose, let her bacl be pretty high, her legs wide, open and turned towards the hips, and if upon a bed, let her lean over a staff placed overwhart the bed, or for a need upon a goodwives shoulders. Let her not labour too much before her strong pain cometh. If she please she may stand up, and lean when the pangs come.  
Let sometimes her belly, other whiles her loins be pressed downward, remember your hand and her privities be anointed, cum ol. lilior. alb. Amygd. d. vitel. ovor. & lumbric. ana ℥ s. pingued. Anser. Capon. ana ℥ j Misce. After this, ℞ far. faenugr. Cydonior. anaʒj. Croc. subtilis. pull. ℈ ij. aq. Artemis. ℥ j post unicam ebul. add. ol. & pingued. f. q. ung. This may be used in the foresaid cases, as also if the water being come forth, hath left the womb dry.  
If the Infant come with its head forward presently following the flux of water, it is good, and so you may receive it. If it come with the feet forward, its difficult. If it come forth any other way it's to be turned and drawn forth by the feet, after it is borne, take away the Secundine (jest grievous symptoms hap) as is afore set down, than let her close her legs a cross, jest she take cold, and roll up her belly with towels, and being laid in bed, give her some Capon-broath, or Caudle of white wine and saffron added; keep the curtain drawn, and door and windows shut; you may to facilitate the birth, inwardly exhibit Confect. Alker. ℈ s. aq. Cinam. ℥ j decoct. Agrimon. & veronic. ℥ js. Sacchari. q. s. ad. Croc. gr. vj. Balsa. Nat. is excellent, or ʒj. borac. in aq. Artemis. ℥ iij. sharp clysters may be here, if necessary, used, and sneezings.  
After the child is brought to light, tie the navel with a double thread an inch from the belly, not too hard or too slack, and two fingers breadth above that, cut it of, and upon the Section apply a double linen  dipped in ol. of Roses, or sweet Almonds, within few days after, that above the tye will fall of.  
If the child be weak, some apply this, vini maluatic. & aq. vit. part. equal. calefiant. & in iis dissol. nuc. mosch. Observe you let not the dying part lie next to the belly, but lap it up, after wipe the Infant from all filth, and anoint with ol. ros. & myrtillor. Some wash with warm water and read wine, and after anoint it. If the mouth be furred, cleanse it with a rag dipped in ol. Amygd. d. mel. & Sacchar. you may give it a spoonful of ol. Amygd. cum sac. Cand. If they have fretting of the bowels which is discerned by their crying, exhibit of new Aniseeds made into fine powder ℈ j which I have seen succeed well. If it hap when they are a month or two old, you may give this clyster, R parietar, flor. Cham. ana M s. Coq. in broad. carnis, Colat. R ℥ iiij. vel 5. add. Mel. ros. ℥ j vitel. ovi. ss. Misce f. enema.   

CHAP. VI Caesarean Birth.  
THis is to cut forth a living child, and though it be seldom in practice, yet we shall touch at it. It hath been commanded upon living subjects, by what warrant I know not.  
I hope all will acknowledge, to do it upon the dead to save the living, is Christian. Yet the operation hath also another profitable and necessary intention, which is to behold the Site of the child in the womb, for those that are exercised either in the producing of living, or extracting of dead children.  
It must be performed presently upon the mother's death, beginning your Section at the breast-blade in a circular manner to the privities, or near it, not touching the bowels. Than the womb being lift up is to be cut (jest you hurt the child) with your knife; and the infant to be taken forth, which in appearance may seem dead, but may certainly be known to be alive by the beating of the Artery of the navel, and having taken air, will move all his members. Because its weak, the Secundine must not be removed, but rather if there be any heat in it remaining, be laid close to the region of the belly to stir up that heat again in the Infant which seemeth to be decayed.  
Having finished these hazardous operations, we at last come to the Symptoms.   

CHAP. VII. Symptoms. Which shall only be external: And first of the tearing of the Privities and Fundament into one.  
ITs first to be stitched up in three or four places, 
Cure.  after put in linen for the filling of the Privities, apply Bal. Artific. and upon it some Sarcoticke powder, and upon that this Catapl. ℞ rad. Consolid. mayor. ℥ ij. verbasci. Mj. Coq. ad mollitiem & Contund. f. Cataplas. the method of curing other wounds may be observed.  
This is an unhappy accident, for when she comes to be delivered again, it must be opened, owise she cannot be delivered.   

CHAP. VIII. For the wrinkling of the Belly.  
℞ LImacum rub. lb j flor. Anthos ℥ jx. incidant. & ponantur. in olla. vitre. stop it close, 
Cure.  and set it in horse dung forty days, than press it and set it in the Sun for three days, after anoint the belly with it, Capons grease is also good.   

CHAP. IX. To dry up Milk.  
IF necessary, 
Cure.  effect thus, eat and drink little, if it be required open the Saphaena, anointing with this; ℞ ol. Myrtin. & rosar. ana ℥ iij. aceti ros. ℥ j Misce. Use this four times a day casting upon it pull. Myrtinus, and apply this, ℞ pull. Mastic. nuc. Moschat. anaʒij. nuc. cupress. ʒiij. ballast. myrtil. anaʒjs. Ireos' florent. ℥ s. ol. Myrtin. ℥ iij. terebinth. venet. ℥ ij. Cerae nov.. q. s. f. Emp. some put under their armpits black wool. This also may be applied, ℞ fol. salu. apij, rutae & cheer, fol. incid. & misce cum acet. & ol. ros. apply it warm, internally may be used, Rhabar. pull. ℞ in aq. plantag.  
If the breast grow hard, painful and tumefied, than use this, fol. ℞ Medul. pan. alb. nov. lact. & ol. ros. f. Catapl. vel ℞ succ. Consolid. mayor. totius, cyat. dimidium, ovor. vitel. Niij. & come farin. frument. q. s. f. Cat. add. ol. ros. vel ung. popul. vel Cer. alb. ℥ iiij. sper. ceti. ℥ ij. gum. galb. in acet. dissol. ℥ j M. f. Empl. This easeth pain, dissolves hardness, and the coagulation of the milk, Empl. Crocat. is excellent also.   

CHAP. X. Breast.  
IF in the Breast there be little hard Tumours, 
Cure.  they are to be taken out as Cancers, and cured according to Art.  
For the swelling of the feet, we are to apply discussing foment. and Catapl.    


SECT. II. CHAP. I  
OTher Symptoms might here have been handled, but they more properly belong to the practice of physic, whither to we refer you; and come to the second part of things superfluous by event; in which may be handled all kinds of Ruptures. And here we shall set down such as are so in regard of similitude, as also properly so; And begin with  
Bronchocele. 
Bronchocele   
It is a round tumour of the throat engendered of phegmatick humours betwixt the Trachea Arteria, and the Cutis. Some of them covering the whole throat.  
Sometimes they are hereditary, otherwhiles caused by the coldness of the air, drinking water, and eating such things as 'cause phlegm and wind; the differences may be according to the various matter therein contained.  
Such as are hereditary are uncurable, as also those that are great and inveterate: If small, or not of long standing, it's curable.  
Cure. 
Cure.   
For universals, what is prescribed in pituitous tumours, are here diligently to be observed. The cure external is either by Resolutives, Cauteries, or Incision. It's true in the beginning astringents must be applied, as Empl. contra Ruptur. for resolvers, a fomentation of Dill. Chamomel, Melilot, etc. boiled in white wine; or rather a Lixiv made of wine-lees burnt: after apply Empl. de vigo cum Mercur. reduplic. vel Empl. diachil great, cum gum. Galb. et Bdell. dissol. in aceto Scill. vel Empl. dia Sulphur. & Balsam. ejusdem. Fluxing in this case is excellent.  
If it cannot be resolved, than you must open it either by Cauteries or Incision, but rather the latter; which being done, let the matter be speedily evacuated; but if it cannot be done at once, than at divers times, and keep upon it some of the former Emplasters: Some pass through a needle and thread, and keep it in as a Seton; if it be in Aristis, it's to be handled as Atheoraema.   

CHAP. II. Exomphalon vel Hern. Vmbilicalis.  
IT is a Tumour of the navel, 
Exomphalon.  caused either by the relaxation or breaking of the Peritoneum.  
Signs. 
Signs.   
If the call be in the Tumour, it's soft, and continueth it's natural colour; If the intestines, it's soft, unequal, and returneth with noise; If from blood, it's like Aneurisma; If of flesh, hard.  
Prognostic. 
Prognost.   
If great, it's hard to cure; if of the guts, call, wind, or water, it may be cured; if from flesh or blood, it's not to be meddled with.  
Cure. 
Cure.   
If from the call or guts, force them into their proper place, after which apply this, ℞ bol. Arm. Sang. drac. Mastic. Sarcocol an. ʒ j bislinga tegul. pull. an. ʒiij. resin. pin. ℥ is. alb. ov. & cerae, q. s. f. cerat. If it be large; take up the skin after reduction, and bind it, and so let it fall, having first cut it of to the Ligature; but before you bind it, pass through the needle two or three times, or as often as it's needful, and after cicatrize it. If it be fleshy, or from blood, it's uncurable; if water or windy they are to be cured as shall be taught hereafter: You are to observe besides the medicament, there are fit ligatures and bolsters to be applied, especially a girdle with a bunch for the navel.  
Bubonocele, 
Bubonocele  or Hern. Inguinalis.  
It's when the call or intestines fall into the flank: if it be the O mentum, it returns in easily: If the intestines, there is a noise in the pressing of them.  
Cure. 
Cure.   
Of this we shall not need to writ much, because it's the same with Enterocele and Epiplocele, only differing in place and degrees; and therefore only observe that emollient and discussive fomentations are to be used; after which, if it be the intestines, and cannot be reduced, give 5 or 6 pricks with a needle, which will dispatch the wind, and tender them reducible; but if hard faeces be in them that cannot be mollified, but the Patient is in danger of death, than, if strength be sufficient, incision must be used as shall be handled.   

CHAP. III. Enterocele, & Epiplocele.  
THERE is little difference in these, 
Enterocele. Epiplocele.  the place affected being the same, only the first is when the intestines fall into Scrotum, the latter when the Caule. The causes of both these and the former, are eating too much fruit, too much violence in exercises, and drinking water, riding great horses, strokes, vomiting, coughing, great travel, falls.  
Signs. 
Signs.   
The signs of the first is great Tumour unequal, sometimes hard; if you assay to reduce them, there will be a murmuring noise.  
The signs of the latter is also inequality, but more soft and slippery, neither doth it tumefie more by strainings of the breath.  
Prognostics. 
Prognost.   
If the first be great, be inflamed, have continued long forth, are very dangerous, if the part grow livid, and the excrements avoided at the mouth, & abound, is deadly; if little, they may be cured; for the latter, it's hardly reduced: And herein sometimes the Peritoneum is broken, otherwhiles only relaxed: in the first, the tumour suddenly increaseth with sharp pain; in the latter, tumefaction is by little and little and also small pains, yet pains return so often as the tumour is renewed by the falling down of either the guts or call, which hap not the Peritoneum bring broken.  
Cure. 
Cure.   
General evacuations must here be used, good diet prescribed, after the intestines or call must be reduced, and than so conserved that they again descend not, which requires long patience, otherways little successful.  
If there be need, first let blood, after purge cum diacath. vel purgans Catholic. use glisters: Than assay to reduce if it be the guts, the Patient lying on his back, his hips lying higher than his bead, put them up by little and little with your hand, pressing most on the part where it descendeth. If by abundance of wind the reduction is hindered, either give five or six pricks into the bowels with a needle, or else for two hours make fomentation with Aquavitae hot, and than put them up; if the saeces hinder being indurated, than apply the Catap, of Pareus, which I experimented upon an ancient man, near 80 years old, who I found vomiting with such a stench, as I could scarce endure it; yet though I prognosticated his death by the application of it, and casting in a clyster made of the decoct. cum diacathol. & sale, beyond all expectation either of his friends or myself, word was brought me his bowels was of themselves reduced, though there was much out. I conceive the saeces being mollified, the straining in his vomiting forced them up: the Catap. is this, ℞ rad. Althaea & lilior an. ℥ ij. Som. lini & faenugr. an. ℥ s. fol. malu. viol. pacietar. an. Ms. Let them be boiled in fair water, (I did it in milk) afterwards beaten and drawn through a searse (which I wanted;) add thereto Butyr. S. s. & ol. Lilior. & Catap. apply it hot; before you apply it, anoint the part cum ol. lilior. & Aneth. If, as it often happens, reduction cannot be, because the process of the Peritoneum is not wide enough, than incision is to be made, as after you shall hear; but if they be reduced without incision, than use this fomentation for 15 or 20 days, ℞ Cort. granat. ballast. Sumach berber. nuc. cupress. gallar. media Cortic. quercus, an. ℥ j flor. Cham. melilot, an. p. 1. Sem. anisi fenic. ul.. an. ℥ s. alum. ℥ ij. conquassentur & includantur in duobus sacculis inter punctis: boil them in Smith's water and read wine, and apply them; after use a Catap. of the same decoct. made up. farin. hord. aq. fabrer, an. ℥ j pull. al●es Mastic. Myrtle & Sarcacol, an. ℥ s. bol. Arm. ℥ ij. Misce f. Catap. in this time: sometimes the bag is to be left on, and the Cataplas. to be left of; after proper emplasters are to be applied, as this, ℞ Resin ℥ vj. Terebint. ℥ iij. Sang. drac. ol. ovor. an. ℥ ij. rad. Consolid, Major. Santil. rub. an. ℥ s. Croc. Martisʒuj. alum. usti. ʒj. f. Empl. This is to be noted, fit trusses are upon all applications to be used, and the Patient to be kept in bed as long as necessary. For children some use a paper ball after reduction, wet in an astringent decoct. Others exhibit Loadstone finely powdered and given in apple or pap, and anointing the groins with honey, cast thereupon fine filled iron on it, and so bind it up. Fonseca exhibited, Chalyb prepar. ℈ j cum diarrhod abbot. and outwardly upon a plaster cast the Loadstone in powder, and apply it: they are to be kept in bed 30 or 40 days. Internally may be exhibited, essent. Consolid. Maj. Coch. cum balsa. sal gem. gut. ij: to children less. vel ℞ rad. Sigil Salome Maj. rad Consolid. Maj. M j lot. & contand. deind. coq in Zithi (i e. Cerevisia sine lupula) lb iv. ad consume. demid. colat. & reserv. ad usum; drink of it morning and night, this was given me for a secret: vel ℞ Sem. perfoliat. Cymini an. ℥ j rad. Aron. rec. exsic. Acori aquat. Tormentil Consolid. mayor. an. ℥ s. Herb. vincia perunic. Saniculae pyrolae virg. Aureae pilosella Herniaris, Crassull mayor an. ℥ ij. ros. rub. ballast, galang. minor, caryoph. an. ʒj. incisa & crassiusculc contus coq. invino alb. gener. S. q. ad 3 et f. decoct. clara S. A. Let them take morning and night a good draught.  
As for Epiplocele being reduced, 
Epiplocele.  it's cured as the former, removing plasters every 7 day for a month or six weeks together: Observe this, as they are to lie long, so their lying must be so as their head and shoulders may be lower than their hips and fundament.  
As was said before, if they cannot be put up, because the passage is too narrow, or the faeces cannot be mollified, than incision is to be made after this manner; lay the Patient upon a form or table on his back, being bound thereto, make incision in the upper part of the Scrotum, touching not the guts; than with your directory put in at the incision, & under the production of the Periton. with your knife make incision so much as is sufficient for your purpose up toward the belly, and after having made reduction, stitch up so much of the Peritoneum, as shall seem sufficient, that by the passage being made more straight, nothing may fall into Scrotum after cicatrisation: This is not to be done, unless strength be sufficient. 
Rupture.  If a Rupture will not be cured by these means by reason of the greatness of the brokenness, or relaxation of the Peritoneum, (and the patient will undergo the danger) than we are to use the last help, which have divers differences, as to be done either with the extraction of the stone, or without it; that without it, is either with the hurt of the seed vessels, or without; that without hurt is double, either by incision or cautery: I shall only set down that in Pareus. 
Pareus.  The Chirurgeon is to make incision about the share bone, into which he shall thrust his directory conveying it long ways under the process of the Peritoneum: And by lifting up, separate it from the adjoining fibrous and nervous bodies to which it adheres; than presently draw aside the spermatick vessel with the cremaster or hanging muscle of the testicle; which being done, draw the process itself alone, aside, and take as much of it as is to lax with small mullets perforated in the midst, and with a needle having 5 or 6 threads, which thrust through as near as you can to the seed vessels and cremaster muscle, but the needle must also be drawn again into the midst of the remnant of the process, taking up with it the lips of the wound; than the thread must be tied on a straight knot, and so much must be left after the needle is cut of as will hung forth of the wound; and it is not to be drawn forth till there be sufficient concarnation (jest labour prove vain) than cure it according to art. To conclude, observe, that you in children do not mistake the stone not yet fallen into Scrotum for a Rupture, which I know have been the fault of divers who have brought their children unto me to be cured.   

CHAP. IU. Hydrocele.  
Which is a waterish tumour in Scrotum, 
Hydrocele.  which groweth by little and little, sometimes distending the cod to a great bigness; sometimes being gathered betwixt the two membranes that cover the stone, caused either from falls, blows, etc. or ill diet, cold, distemper of the liver, extinction of natural heat.  
Signs. 
Signs.   
It's clear betwixt you and the light, not painful, heavy, hard; sometimes it appears as a third stone, and will not be driven into the body.  
Cure. 
Cure.   
Twofold, either by resolving or incision. The first is thus performed, after opening a vein fitting, purging, (cum jalop. Mercur. dull. vel purge. Catholicon) using diuretics and diaphoreticks, as Sulph. Aurat. diap. Aureum vitae: apply resolvers, as ℞ farin. fabar. ℥ iij. Hord. ℥ j Coq. in vino gener. ad form. Catapl. in fine admisce flor. Cham. melilot an. ℥ ij. s. ol. Cham. rosar. an. ℥ j cum oxym. s. f. Catap. Fomentations, resolving is also here to be used; if these prevail not, incision is to be made, and a tent put in armed with a digestive, and upon it apply Emp Basiliconis: let the incision be some half finger's breadth, and be kept long open till all the water be evacuated, in the interim purging. Some useth to draw a string through like a Seton in the lower part of Scrotum. If it be in the membranes, make incision into the Lid of the Scrotum, taking heed to the Stone, and dress it, S. A.   

CHAP. V Pneumatocele.  
THis is a windy tumour in the Scrotum, 
Pneumatocele.  generated by imbecility of heat in the part.  
Signs. 
Signs.   
It's hard, light, round, suddenly engendered, resisting touch, the yard being greater in one place than another; it causeth many evils.  
Cure. 
Cure.   
For internal, the same is to be used as in Tumour ventosus. Externally, fomentation is to be made, as ℞ Chamom. Rutae, Calaminth, Origan, Sabinae, Salviae, an. Ms. Som. cymini, bac. Laur. anisi. faeni, an. ℥ j f. decoct. in Lixui claro pro fotu: after apply this Cataplas. ℞ Sterc. bovis lb j. Sulphur. cumini. an. ℥ ij. mel come. ℥ iiij. Misee f. Catap. vel Empl. de vig. cum mercur. anointing it come ol. Euphorb. & Sambucin. Emp. de Melilot, & de bacc. Lauri is excellent. Observe there is no place for incision here.   

CHAP. VI Sarcocele.  
A Fleshy Tumour in the Scrotum caused from gross and viscid humours, 
Sarcocele.  it often corrupteth the stone.  
Signs. 
Signs.   
It's hard, unequal, and rough, painful, often accompanied with varices or swollen veins; some not painful.  
Prognostics. 
Prognost.   
If in young ones, and in the beginning, it sometimes is cured; if it be big, and got to the groins, it's dangerous, but it's always most hardly cured.  
Cure. 
Cure.   
Mathiol saith, rad. anonidis taken in powder many months, hath cured. If medicines prevail not, than incise, first placing the sick in a fit posture: if the string of the testicle be small, make incision into Scrotum to the Tumour, than separate it from the cod, thrusting a needle with a strong thread through it, and having tied the Dedrin, cut it of, cauterizing that which is cut, and bringing forth the rapture, if any portion remain, cut it of, otherways it will come again; apply to it and neighbouring parts repercussives; if inflammation and dolour hap, let blood, and rest 5 or 6 days.   

CHAP. VII. Cirsocele.  
IT's a tumefaction of the veins in Scrotum, 
Cirsocele.  caused from gross melancholy blood.  
Signs are evident, 
Signs.  hard to be cured.  
Cure. 
Cure.   
First, purge melancholy cum confect. Ham. pull. Sanct. in seri lact. extrac. Hellebor nigr. excellent; if need be bleed for external; and incision is set down in ulcus varicosum; which method is to be here used.   

CHAP. VIII. Hernia Humoralis.  
IT's a Tumour generated by the confused mixture of many humours in the cod, 
Hernia humoralis.  or betwixt the tunicles that cover the stones; if it continues long, it corrupts the testicles.  
Cure. 
Cure.   
It sometimes suppurates, and otherwhiles resolves: Purging and bleeding is here necessary; vomiting is good. Externally, apply this, a Catapl. made cum vino art. flor. fabar. & ol. ros. vel Sambucin & parum cerae, so that the whole may come to 2 lb. to which add oxymel ℥ 5, 6, 7, or 8. and boil it into a body, if it tend to suppuration, make your incision in the side of the cod, and cure it according to Art; only observe this, they often become incurable Fistula's.   

CHAP. IX. Any procidentia.  
IT's the out-comming or turning over of the great gut, 
Any procidentia.  caused by the laxation of the Sphincter muscle, being most common to children: Others, it's the coming forth of intestina recta.  
Signs are needless, 
Signs.  it's caused of too much straining, fluxes, strokes, sitting on cold stones.  
Cure. 
Cure.   
Abstain from much moist things, purge gently, and open a vein, if necessary, externally use this fomentation, with which two was cured, ℞ Chamom. vel potius flor. Cham. Mj. vini malnatic lb js. macerentur per hor. unam et alteram super carbones lento igne. Foment with linen stuffs as hot as can be suffered, after with the finger put it into its proper place, than with a sponge wet in the same decoct. and wrung forth, applied hot to the fundament, and sit upon it, or ℞ fol. & flor. verbasc. alb. flor. melilot, rad. & fol. althaeae an. M j Sem. lini faenugr. an. ℥ s. Coq. in lacte ●ec. and foment as formerly is set down; after put it up, being anointed with ol. Murtin. & Laur. and bestrowed with pull. alb. graec. which is excellent: vel ℞ ros. rub. cortic. granator. nuc. Cypress Mastic. croc. mar. & plumbiusti an. ℥ s. nusceant & f. que pull. subtiliss. Suffumigations and astringent Cataplasms may here be used; observe in the putting it up let the patient draw up his breath, when it's up, let it be diligently wiped, and a swath about the middle to bring the ligature betwixt his legs, and under it a sponge as before; when the patiented goes to stool, if he can, let him stand and take heed of too much straining.   

CHAP. X. Vteri procidentia.  
THe falling down of the womb being occasioned either by the relaxation or breaking of the ligaments; 
Vteri procidentia.  the causes are immoderate exercise, carrying too great burdens, dray 〈◊〉 away children or secundine, ●●●lent coughing, sneezing, falls, blows, but most frequently over much humidity.  
Signs. 
Signs.   
Often both the urine and excrements are retained by the pressing of the womb both upon the bladder and intestine. rectum; there is a weight and tumour in the mouth of the womb, pain in the entrails, loins, os sacrum, hypogastrium & vulva.  
Prognostics. 
Prognost.   
It's very bad if in old, or be inveterate in young, it's dangerous, if by putrefaction of the nerves incurable; if livid, it must be cut of.  
Cure. 
Cure.   
Lay her on her back, with her hips up, and her legs drawn backward, with her knees spread abroad, than anoint it cum ol. Lilior. butyr. S. S. adeps Cap. than thrust it gently up with your fingers into its place, she helping by drawing up her breath; it being up, wipe away the ointment with a soft cloth; after apply this often proved, ℞ fol. plantog. Salicis. mespilorum querc. prunor. silvest. summit rub. rosar. an. M j rad. tormentil. consol. Mayor bistort. an. ℥ j ballast. nuc. cupress. an ℥ s. Sem. anisi ℥ js. incidant. contund. omnia grosso modo pro Sacculo intertexto; this is to be tied on: some apply an astringent decoct. as in Hern. intestinal. This is to be noted, if the bowels or bladder be full, they are to be discharged before it be put up. Several men have had their several devises which have proved successful; as Zacut tied a mouse to the patient's thigh, 
Zacut.  which so frighted the woman, that the womb of itself was reduced; and after he applied Empl. contra rupturam. Rodericus by showing a read hot iron, 
Rodericus  and making her believe he would suddenly apply it to the womb, and so cured. 
Pareus  Pareus had his cork in figure like a little egg, covered with wax and mastic, with a thread drawn through it, and so put it up into the womb. 
Dr. Wells  Dr. Wells the same, in the form of an apple, covered with Bee's wax, and put it up, this never failed him; it will serve a thousand times. It being put up, keep her quiet in bed, and her hips up, with her legs across for 8 or 10 days. If after all this it cannot be cured, but its black and stinking, bind as much as is necessary, and cutting it of, sear it with a cautery, for this may be without danger, after cure it S. A.  
Thus having concluded the second branch of things superfluous by event, we come to the Third, and in it we begin with    


SECT. III. CHAP. I. Amputation.  
THIS is a dreadful operation, 
Amputation.  and a part may be subjected to it, notwithstanding the diligence of the Chirurgeon, which being sphacelated, must necessarily be amputated, jest life for want of it be removed.  
In this four things are to be handled. First, the signs of a part subject to such an operation. Secondly, the place where. Thirdly, the manner how. Fourthly, how to conquer the Symptoms which usually follow the operation.  
Signs. 
Signs.   
If it look black, the part be throughly dead, and cold as a stone; if it smell strongly, so that it can hardly be endured, especially if ulcerated; if a sanies, moistness, viscid green, or blackish flow from thence; if voided of sense and motion, they are to be taken with these cautions: First, they may say they have sense when they feel it not. Secondly, motion may remain, by reason the head of the muscles are not affected; and yet the part be fit for Amputation, which delay not.  
Secondly, the place where; and this is either in the sound part, which ever hath been in most frequent use, and most practised: Or, secondly, in the corrupt part.  
Thirdly, how it is to be done: and here is to be considered, what is to be done before the operation; 2 In; 3 After. First, the body is to be prepared by good diet; as, yolks of eggs, and bread toasted and dipped in muscadine. If it be necessary, and time permit, which is seldom, use purging; but especially thrice a day administer cordials; as ℥ j of this at a time, ℞ Lap. Bazar oss. de C.C. praep. an. gran. vj. C. C. ust. pr. ℈ j Margar. praep. ℈. confect. Alcher. ℈ ij. aq. Cinam. ℥ j bugloss. calendul. an. ℥ js. Syr. de Succ. citrorum ℥ j Misce. Secondly, have in readiness a saw with two heads, a good dismembering knife, an incision knife, three or four rulers of flannel, five or six yards long, three great stitching needles, large clouts, and some lesser, pledgets of tow, greater and lesser, dorsels and buttons, a large bowl with ashes, water and vinegar bladders, and satchel for the member which prohibits blood, draws up the muscles, and keeps the Saw from the flesh. Secondly, in the operation draw up the muscles, than make a strong ligature, which strengthen with a strong man's hands to engird the part, especially pressing hard upon the place of the great vessels: This being done, with your dismembering knife speedily cut the flesh round to the bone; if it be in the leg, or below the elbow, with your incision knife divide the flesh betwixt the bones; after with the back of your knife, the Periostium being removed, with your dismembering Saw take of the bone, as near the flesh as you can: If the party be plethoric and strong, let it bleed a little, than stay it, which is done three ways. 1. By powders that 'cause an escar; as this, ℞ Umber and unslaked Lime an. part equal, file them to powder, and reduce them to the form of a Lineament with the whites of eggs, and the hair of an Hare; vel ℞ farin. volital. ℥ vj. Sang. dracon. Thuris an. ℥ j bell. Arm. orient. Ter. sigil. an. ℥ s. gypsi ℥ i s. ranar. aquatilium pp. ℥ ij. misce cran. Human. ℥ j pil. Lepor minutiss. incisor. ʒij. pull. alb. ovor. sole canicular. exsiccat. Spum. mar. spongiae non torrefact. an. ℥ j Misce f. que pull. subtiliss. In wound of the throat to use these for the greater vessels, four buttons made up cum vini acet. & aq. is to be armed with them, and applied, upon which speedily apply a thick bed made of tow as before, and spread with the restrictive; this is to be fit for the member; another made after the same manner, but so much larger as will reach an inch or two over every side round, is to be applied, being first armed: Upon these a bladder, upon which make a ligature near the top an inch broad, upon that a linen cloth doubled, (observing to have buttons armed, to lay to the places where blood appears) than with your rollers bind up the member, and so blood will be stayed. Second way, is by applying the actual cauteries, which always have in a readiness, apply them to the mouths of the veins, (having cleansed them from clotted blood) once or twice at the most. The third is stitching, which is troublesome and dangerous, in which the vessels are to be taken up, and after bound. Above the place amputated (as if in the leg, upon the knee; if in the thigh, near the groin; if in the arm, upon the elbow, etc.) is this defensative to be applied and removed every day, ℞ bol. Armen. Song. drac. Mastic. gypsi an. ℥ j ol. ●os. myrtin an. ℥ i s. alb. ovor. N. ij. aceti q. s. f. ung. in Mortario. After this, which is the third thing, let it be dressed, if in Summer, on the 2 day; if in Winter, the 3 or 4. for which have in readiness stuphes of white wine, and a decent rouler; with the white wine moisten those applications which are on, that they may be the easilier removed; which being done, besprinkle the vessels with the restrictives, and having 3 or 4 pledgets armed with white of eggs, and restrictive cast upon it, and also applied upon the vessel. Upon these, to the rest of the wound this digestive, ℞ Terbinth in aq. plantag. lot. ℥ iij. ol. ros. Amygd. an. ℥ j an. ℥ j gum. elemi dissolute. cum prodictis oleis & Colati ℥ s. Croci ℈ j Misce f. ungen. add vitel. ovi. This is not to be changed till digestion be perfect; but have a special care to use the restrictive every dressing as before, till danger of Hemorage be past. Upon these a plaster, and so roll it up, after it's digested, than apply this which both mundifies and incarnes, ℞ Succ. apii, Scord. Arnoglossae Major. rutae an. ℥ iiij. coq. ad consisten. syrupi tum admisce farin. Lupinor. pull. rad. aristoloc. rotund. Angelic. vincetoxici, theriac. an. ℥ s. aq. vitae ℥ j misce f. unguent. In stead of this, it being not to be had, ung. Basil. maj. will serve: in the mean time, whilst you are thus busied, labour to bring the muscles together with the dry Suture, applying the plaster a finger's breadth from the lips of the wound, round about the member; which after a day you may stitch. The plaster is this, ℞ farin. volatilis ℥ j Mastic. thuris, Sang. drac. pull. rub. rosar. gum. Tragacant. an. ℥ ij. misce f. que pull. tenuiss. cui add. alb. ovi & aq. ros. q. s. ut crassitiem mellis adipiscatur glutinum. maneant inful. per noctem, sequento die, si nimis spissum iterum affunde aq. ros. quantum satis est: But sometimes through the abundance of matter it's loosened: to remedy which, apply this; ℞ rad. aristol. rotund. peucedani Irid. florent. cortic. pini. Lig. guajaci an. ℥ s. misce f. que pull. tenuiss. which cast upon the ulcer once or twice a day; this dries without biting, and causeth the scales of the bones to fall, which will be within 30 or 40 days; if proud flesh arise, either use this, ℞ alum. ustiʒij. Lap. ca●aminar plumb. usti, ceruse. an. ʒj. vitriol. calcinat. ʒs. misce, f. pull. tenuiss. Or rather this of Woodals, 
Woodals.  which I have tried, ung. Egyptiac. applied very hot, and laying another pledget upon it, bind it up, dressing no more in 48 hours; the next dressing use only dry Lint, this also takes away the great sensibleness of the Ulcer: after cicatrize cum Emp. palmei de cerus. coct. ung. de siccat. rub. vel diapomph.   

CHAP. II. The second way of Amputation. which is in the corrupt part.  
THis is only to be performed when the Sphacelus or mortification hath taken up its limits, or else moves very slowly (and not when it moves speedily) here purging may be admitted, and longer preparation made for the operation, which is thus performed.  
Having your instruments ready as formerly, with cauterizing irons both broad and round, with two persons to hold both parts of the member strongly and steady, than make Amputation as before, as near the sound part as you can, but not too near: after the member is taken of, than with your Incision knife take as much of the mortified flesh away as you can, and than superficially run over the dead flesh with a cautery; as also therewith heal the end of the bone, and after make fomentations for half an hour with a good lixivium (as described in a gangrene) not too hot: which being done, apply woollen stuffs to the part, warm; and so bind it up: The second dressing do the like, cutting of the dead slough with scissors; and forgetting not to heat the bone. Thus do till the putrid flesh fall, than dress it according to Art. At last in the  
Fourth place, we are come to the Symptoms: As, 1 Syncope. 2 A Convulsion. 3 Pain. 4 Hemorage. 5 Fever. 6 Frenzy: all which we have formerly handled in the Treatise of wounds, and other places, and therefore need not to be again recited. Sometimes abscess is produced; for which, and easing pain, ℞ medul. pan. alh. ℥ vj. rad. Altb. ℥ ij. pull. Sem. lini fenigraec. an. ℥ j ficuum N. ujs. cum decoct. rad. Althaeae, f. Catap. add in fine butyr. recent. axung. porcinae. rec. ℥ js. vitel. ovor. N. ij. croc. ℈ i s. apply it warm to quench thirst. ℞ aq. rosar. buglos. borag. viol. an. ℥ iiij. Syr. violar. ℥ iiij. mis. vel aq. luiul. lb ij. syr. limb. viol. an. ℥ q. ol. vitr. gut. xii. If it be needful, use nourishing glisters made of broth and yolks of eggs, with saffron, mace and cinnamon.  
As for the cutting of a finger or two, it's best done by cutting mullets, which takes away the flesh and bone at once; with these may also be taken away superfluous fingers. Thus having passed over these dangerous operations, we come to that which is of no less consequence: Which is the   

CHAP. III. Extirpation.  
OF a Cancerous tumour or Ulcer possessing any part, 
Extirpation.  (and therewith, if it be necessary, the part itself, as the breast) the signs of both which, with their prognostics are set down pag. 82. This operation is not to be attempted where the Cancer hath taken too deep rooting; as if it enter into the pit of the eye, so far that the root cannot be come at; or if it have entered into the mouth, and withal possesseth the most part of the face, when it hath made its passage into the capacity of the breast, or adheres so close that it cannot be separated; also if it be great, and in the armpits, it's not to be touched; but if they be lose, or have not taken too deep rooting, they may be taken away; which is usually performed two ways, either by Caustics, or by Incision. I shall not speak much to the first, having said something in the place forecited, only commend unto you a French experiment, which is to be used if ulcerated, which is this, ℞ aq. fortis ℥ j sublimat. crud. ℥ iiij. Sal. Ammoniac. ℥ ij. Arsenic. ʒj. ponatur in Alembicum et distil. ad siccitatem: add. acet. distil. iterum donee materia ad pastae consistentiam redeat. It's thus to be applied, first wash the Cancer with hot wine and linen clotheses, rubbing it hard; afterwards having a Plaster spread of the paste upon a six doubled cloth, not altogether so big as the Tumour, apply it, and let it there remain for 24 hours; this causeth an eschar bigger than the medicine, which brings away the Cancer; which is afterwards to be cured S. A. He saith it causeth several symptoms but such as are beneficial, as fever, vomiting, and fluxes, if I forget not. This is worthy to be noted, though not so properly here placed, that he cured really one, and palatively another with a medicament composed with rose, plantain, and read poppy waters, and honey of roses. But we come to Exterpation by way of Incision, which though it be proper for ulcerated Cancers, yet more in such tumours: And this may be done either by incision first, and than Cauterised, or else done both together: Or else by Incision with application of astringents only; which is good, though the other may seem more rationally proper unto this account; that the Cautery bridles more the malignity of the matter; as also if any small portion of the Cancer remain, it may come to fall with the Eschar. Your Cautery must be fitted to the part you exterpate. If the Cancers be small, and not ulcerated, but are lose, and may b●● freed on every side from the flesh, than Incision, as shall be declared, and astringent powders may serve; but this is to be observed before these operations are attempted, the body is to be prepared with Apozemes fittings, or magistral Syrups dissolved in suitable water; and after purge, and than sweated, and than purge again, withal opening a vein, and apply the Leeches. Your Apozeme may be this, or the like, ℞ rad. Cichor. cum toto Mj. rad. petroselin. faenicul. an. ʒij. polypod. q. ℥ s. Cortic. frangul. ℥ j Cortic. Cappar. & Tamaris. an. ʒj s. Herb. Scolopend. veronic. betonic. fumar. Scabios. an. M s. flor. borag. bugles. rorismar. betonic. summit. thym. & majoran. an. p. 1: Sem. anis. faenicul. an. ʒ ij. Coriand. praep. ʒj. passul. Corinth. ℥ s. decoq. in ss. q. aq & 3. part. vini ad consumpt. medietatis; hujus Apoz. ℞ ℥ ijs. in quibus insund. per noct. rhei electiʒj. Agaric. Troch. & turbith. an. ℈ ij. sol. Sen. ʒij. Sem. anisi & Cremor. Tartar. an. ℈ ij. maneant per noctem in infus. in loco tepido deindè f. express. add. Syr. de polyp. ℥ j aquae Cinnam. ʒj. f. po●. Having pu●ged the body thus 3 or 4 days, take of the Apoz. alone twice aday, three hours before dinner, and so long before supper for 5 or 6 days, in the mean while open a vein in the left arm, and apply the Leeches; than purge again divers times with the same Apoz. & extrac. Hel. nigr. after sweated for 14 days eum aur. vitae vel Sulp. aurat. diaphor. or ℞ Lign. Sassafr. ℥ ij. Guaiac. Sarsepar. an. ℥ j Cinnam. ℥ s. projiciantur in poculum stanneum aut. terreum & affunde aq. clarae lb iiij. claudatur quam diligentissime vesica madida primo; dende linteo ne quid. expiret. tandem f. decoct. per horas sex aut 8. in duplici vase, nec autem illico aperiendum est poculum sed expectandum donec per se sit frigefactum. do. ℥ iiij. twice a day; after which purge the body again; having thus prepared the body, make in readiness pledgets, bolsters, and roulers, and needles, astringent powders as in Sphacelu● described, and Cauteries according as you intent to operate. If you are to extirpate some of, or all the part, than take hold of it, either with your left hand, or else with Forceps for that purpose, (made round in compass) and presently excise it; which being done, speedily apply your Cautery, having, as much as time and strength gives leave, pressed out the blood which lies in the swollen veins: but you had better do it with a knife for the purpose made read hot, and so do two works at once: after which dress it up with medicines appeasing dolour, and 'cause the Eschar to fall, anointing all the part cum ol. ros. & mirtill. Now you may know the Cancer is exterpated, if after the Eschar is fallen quite, or become laudable, the pain and symptoms be allayed, and when the flesh grows like grains of pomegranate. The other way is this, first cut the skin, and separate it from the Cancer, as also the parts to which it adheres, either with a knife, or rather if you can, with your nails; after which, either passing a needle and thread through it, and so holding it up, cut it out, or else following the former course, with your fingers pull it out; for thus may you know more assuredly you have not left any remaining; after apply your astringent powder with white of eggs, vel ℞ farin. volatile. ʒs. bol. orient. Ter. sigil. an. ℈ iiij. pull. alb. ovor. exsiceat. in sol. ʒj. pilor. leporis minutiss. incisor. ℈ j Coral. praep. ℈ ij. Misce f. pull. The next day apply a digest, than incarnate, and to seal it up, ℞ Tutiae papaver. pull. gum. maror. Alum. usti an. ℈ j Misce. And upon this a thin plate of lead, by these operations they may be removed from the several parts of the body.   

CHAP. VII.  
AS for Cancer in the lip, you may, 
Cancer in the lip.  passing a needle and thread through them, cut it of with either a knife or pair of scissors, afterwards cure it as a Harelip. To conclude, that Cancers may be excised safely, is confirmed abundantly by Hildanus for the encouragement of the young Chirurgeon. I shall briefly set down an observation of my own: A poor man of Barford, near Warwick aged nee● 80. came to me, with an ulcerated Cancer on his left leg, the in side, upon the calf; after several applications, and all fruitless, I resolved upon Extirpation; and therefore according as his strength would bear, gave him for 3 or 4 days ℈ j of pull. solut. in mace ale; after which having passed through a needle and thread, I took it of, being after in weight, as I take it, above a pound, I stayed the blood with an astringent powder, and cured it; but after it broke forth lower, and fell into the hands of a woman, who though she did what she could, the man died.    

SECT. iv  
NOw we are come to the last branch of things superfluous by event, which is blood offending either in quantity or quality; which is done by opening a vein, leeches, or cups with scarifications. Concerning how blood offends in quantity or quality, and when, with the signs, we have set down briefly pag.. and therefore shall pass to those particular ways by which it's removed: And first of  
Phlehotomy.  
THe opening of a vein by Incision: 
Phlehotomy.  In which consider, First, how to open a vein. Secondly, the ends why. Thirdly, the persons upon whom. Fourthly, the time when. Fifthly, how to remove accidents.  
In the first, consider, that the patiented be set in a light place, either so by nature, or art; than make you ligature a little above the elbow very hard, having before rubbed his arm well with your hand; after bid him gripe his hand hard, with his thumb in it; than with your own hand bringing up the blood beneath to the elbow, clap your thumb hard upon the vein to be opened, and make your Incision across, which is most usual, (though I have seen and performed length ways) taking heed to the Artery under the Basilica, and the nerve under the Median: after they have bled sufficiently, untie the ligature, laying upon the orifice a little dry Lint, and upon that a plaster and a bolster, and so tie it up; many only use the Lint and bolster, and think it the best way. Observe, if after you have made the orifice, it presently spin forth, and yet after stay again, than slacken your ligature a little till it come more freely, and be sure his garment be not too straight about the place where they are put up, jest that hinder. If your veins to be opened be in the tongue or head, make your ligature in the neck. If in the hands or feet, it must be done with hot water: Observe, if in the arm, the patiented is to have a staff in his hand, and thereon keep his hand in motion.  
Secondly, the ends why, as also the time when, falls out to be the Physician's share to appoint most commonly, yet we shall a little touch it. In general, it's for the evacuating of blood offending in quantity and quality, and in this sense it may be called an universal remedy or magnum remedium; more particularly in a few things, (for it would be endless to name all) first, to lessen the abundance of blood, as in plethoric bodies when troubled with inflammations. Secondly, for diversion or revulsion. Thirdly, to draw down, as in obstructio Men. Fourthly, for alteration, as in fevers, to take out the hot, cool the rest. Fifthly, to prevent diseases imminent; noting this, you give a clyster before bleeding, unless the body be open, but it's more safe in this case to purge before; in brief, it's necessary in all humoral diseases, especially if putrified, excellent in those that are from blood, and in those wherein the breathing, speech, and voice is hindered, especially if done it time.  
Thirdly, for the persons upon whom, with which we may join the quantity; for the first there is some controversy: Some say, from 7, yea 3, to 80. Others from 14, to 80. I have done it with good success at 7. for the quantity, it's to be according to the strength of the Patient, and greatness of the disease.  
Fourthly, the time when. If it be only for preservation of health, than the spring, & in a morning is, fittest though in autumn it may also be performed. If it be to prevent diseases, than is the time most suitable when such diseases reign; this is good when malignant diseases are abroad. If it be to cure, than any fit opportunity is to be taken, which may be most useful, any hour day or night, may be taken in the first; it's best to open a vein the Moon being in the second Quarter; the 1 and 3 may be used, but the last Quarter is the worst. Here may be added what veins are commonly opened: As in the head, vena frontis, puppis, temporalis, Auricularis, ocularis, Nasalis, Labior. Ranul. and the Jugulars, much commended by Hildanus and Zacutus. 
Hildanus Zacutus  In the arm the Cephalica, Mediana, Hepatica. In the hand the first betwixt the thumb and first finger. 2 Salvatell. 3 Hurnis brac●ii situate in the middle finger. The vein of the fundament: In the legs, paplita, saphena, seiatica, medium, this is under the bending of the foot.  
Fifthly, we come to the Symptoms: as first, if after you have struck the vein, it begin suddenly to swell, apply a cloth dipped in cold water till it be down. If a nerve be hurt you must apply things that ease pain; and when the vein is closed up, keep the Orifice open and apply such things as in the cure of punctured nerves. Sometimes there grow through some default Tumour, to which apply a Catap. of Emollient and anodynes; these medicaments are so frequently set down, that they need not to be repeated; if Syncop. than lay them upon their back, or rub their lips with salt.  
As for opening an Artery, it may safely be done first rubbing it that it may appear the more; and after it's opened, and as much spirits as are sufficient extracted, you may apply Gallen-powder, vid. page 15.  

CHAP. V Cupping-glasses.  
THese are to be applied to several parts of the body; 
Cuppinp-glasses.  if it be possible, let general evacuations precede; if the blood be thick, foment the part first with hot water, and rub it long with a hot cloth, than an hour or two after apply them. Cuppings must go before scarification, though they may be applied either with or without. If with scarification, it's to evacuate; if not, to divert: they are applied to several parts: 1 In the neck, to divert from the head, face, eyes, and mouth. 2 In the midst of it, for shortness of breath, cough, etc. 3 Under the chin, and sides of the neck, for pain and Ulcers of the mouth, Megrome. And 4 on the shoulders for diseases of the throat. 5 Reins, for Apostumes and pains there, and in the Liver. 6 In the Arm, for pains in those parts. 7 Thighs, to procure the courses. 8 Under women's breasts to stop them. 9 To the Hypchond. to stay bleeding at the nose. And 10 to the navel, for the Colic, they are to be applied with flax stuck in the bottom, with soft wax, and set on fire, or having been dipped in hot water; for scarifications, if the blood be thick, let them be deep; than the Cups are to be applied again, and so both may be reiterated according to need. After you have done, you may apply ol. rosar. cerat. ros. vel butyr. rec.   

CHAP. III. Lceches.  
THese are to be applied, 
Leeches.  where Cups cannot be set, as to Hemerods', vulva, gums, lips, nose, fingers; as also, they may be used to old sores in scarific. after Gangrenes: They are to be applied handling them with a fine cloth, the part being made clean with milk; if you would have them fall of, cast upon them salt; if you would have them suck more than they are able, cut of their tails. You are to choose those that are in clear water, whose heads are little, bodies small, read bellied, their backs rayed like threads of gold; they are to be kept 12 or 13 days before they can be applied. You may keep them a whole year, by changing the water every 3, 4, or 10 days, adding some crumbs of bread. Now to conclude, if the blood be read, it's good; if it appear white, yellow, or livid, it demonstrates phlegm, choler, melancholy, and those to be purged; if it flow out gently and cleave to your fingers, it shows obstructions, and therefore sweated; if it be thin, and long before it thicken, in which the fibers presently vanish, it discovers crudity and weakness of the liver; if there be spume or froth, it's a sign hot predominates in the humours; if the serous be immoderate, it manifests the infirmnesse of the Liver, and weakness of the Kidneys; if fat be in the blood, which is raw, it indicateth those persons, if they be fat, they shall grow more fat; if they be lean, it prognosticates colliquation; if it be of bad smell, it a sign of great putrefaction and corruption. Thus having done with things superfluous by event, we come in the next place to those that are so of their own nature. And these are of two sorts. First, those that are familiar to nature. Secondly, those altogether adverse. Under the first of those is comprehended; First,    


PART. III.  
SECT. V CHAP. I. Lupia, or Wenns, and Ganglion.  
THey are round Tumours of the nervous parts and head, without pain, 
Lupiae, Wenns, Ganglion.  yet they differ; for the first is hard, the other is soft; the Ganglion moving only to the sides, but Lupia every way; they are most commonly encompassed with a Cystis, which is the cause of their motion; some of these are great, others little.  
The causes are blows, 
Causes.  falls from high places, and strains; as also by humours flowing to the part: The signs are in the distinction.  
If they be great, use good diet, 
Cure.  and purge; if small and new, break them with your hands, (which I have done successesully) I mean, the Cystis, and after rub it well; which being done, apply a plate of Lead besmeared with Mercury for 10 days; it's to be applied with a plaster, and so it will stick the better; this way hath cured divers, though they could not be broken. Some advice to anoint before with this, R. Cerus. resin. pini. ol. veter. Amoniac. galb. an. ℥ j f. unguent. Riverius in his Obser. Com. cured three with Sorrell leaves roasted under the embers, 
Riverius.  and applied for many days.  
If they be in such places where strong expressions cannot be made, yet the former means will serve, or this; ℞ Gum. Amoniac. bdel. galb. an. ℥ iij. liquifiant in acet. vin. & trajiciantur per Setaceum add. ol. lilior. & laurin. an. ℥ j aq. vitae parum, pull. irios sal. Amoniac. sulphur. viv. vitriol. Roman. an. ʒs. f. Emplast. but if they cannot be resolved, they must be opened with a knife or cautery; and if the latter, after the membrane is wasted by Egyptiac. vel pull. praecip. & alum. usti; than follow the cure ex L.A. When they are very great, and cannot becured, by the foresaid means; they must be taken away with handy operation, if so be they be not situated on, or near great vessels, and cleave too close to the adjacent parts; than take up the skin, and make incision, and with your directory drawn many times about betwixt the skin and it, divide them even to the root, (your directory is to be thick) than the former incision being made down to the root, make another incision overthwart, which being done, draw the skin from the Cystis, (beginning at each corner) to the root, with your singers covered with a fine linen cloth, or else a razor, if need require. And observe, though the vessels which feed it be small, yet at the bottom they are great, and will 'cause a flux of blood, which let be stayed as you have heard, first binding (if you can) the root of the Wen with a piece of whipcord, or many threads doubled, and let the end hung forth until it fall away of its one accord; this is to be remembered, so much of the superfluous skin is to be cut of, and only so much left remaining, as will cover the part which is to be stitched, and with a tent kept in it till it be perfectly cleansed; if any of the Cystis be left, be sure it be eaten away by fit medicines; after all which let it be cured S. A. Those that are small at the roots, may be straight tied, and so cut of. Those near the jugular veins in the armpits, groins, and under the hambs, are very dangerous.   

CHAP. II. Atheroma.  
A Tumour in which is matter like Rice pottage, 
Atheroma.  or curds, it's long in figure, and with pressing it goes in slowly, and returns not suddenly; it's soft, without pain, yet harder than Meliceris.  
Meliceris.  
It's a Tumour sost, subtle, 
Meliceris.  and clear, it takes the impression easily, and returns as speedily, being round in figure; the matter in it is like honey in colour and confistence, and besides a gravelly hard matter, the hardest of the three to cure.  
Steatoma.  
The matter in this is like greas, 
Steatoma.  it's hard in pressing, goes in slowly, and returns not hastily, being large at the root; besides, the accustomed matter is sometimes found bones, cotton, and such like.  
The general signs of all is, 
Signs.  they come by little and little, without either pain or inflammation preceding.  
The causes are strokes, falls, 
Causes.  violent exercises, great eating and drinking, plenty of phlegmatic humour occasioned by ill diet. The places they possess commonly, are the hands, head, joints, and divers parts of the face.  
In which we shall join them together, being no great difference; The first is cured by incision and eating forth. The second, resolution with the former: The last by incision only. For resolution; if it have place, use this: ℞ Labdan. bdell. galban. Amoniac. propolios, Terebinth an. part. equal. ●●el ℞ pic. naval. ℥ j Amoniac. sulph. an. ℥ s. mice. But they are best cured by either Incision, Cauteries, actual o● potential. The Tumour being opened, and the Cystis discovered, which will appear white, you must separate the same gently from the flesh, and with your iustrument pluck it forth, with what is contained in them; if there remain any portion of the bla●●er, eat away, as hath been taughe, but with discretion, for fear of inflammation; if you open it with the Cauteries, make your orifice according to the magnitude of the Tumour, and evacuate the matter by degrees, and after cure S.A. Sometimes they are complicated with veins, nerves, and arteries, as also tendons, of which you must have a special care, and be more dextrous in the operation.   

CHAP. III. Hydracium, Ficus & Talpa.  
THe first is white pointed and waterish; the second read, 
Hydrac. Ficus, & Talpa.  round, hard, and painful, and matery seed like figs; the third is larger than both the former, and hath in it little moisture; these have the same production with the former, yet have no Cystis.  
If necessary, 
Cure.  use general evacuations. pills are good, to them may be outwardly applied this, ℞ Caepar. sub cineribus coctar. vitel. ovor. ad. durit. coct. an. N. iij. axung. vel butyr. S.S. lb s. rad. althaeae ad mollitiem coctar. & minute. contus. lb j Mis. f. Catap. and apply it before they be perfectly ripe; open them, after which mundify and incarn S. A. they sometimes foul the Cranium, than you are to use the method as in Lue Venerea.   

CHAP. iv Strumas, or Scrophulas.  
MOst commonly possess the throat, 
Strumas, or Scrophulas.  being their Tumours in the glanduls, enclosed in a Cystis movable, and round also, may be separated from the skin.  
The cause is phlegm, 
Cause.  sometimes joined with melancholy, as also crass and crude diet, drunking ill waters, they are sometimes few, otherwhile many.  
Those which are few in number, 
Prognost.  movable and superficial, may resolve or be taken forth by incision, or if they break, by Cansticks; those that are hard, fixed, and malign; as also near the Trachea, great and complicated with veins are dangerous, it frequently possesseth the hands, feet, elbows, and other parts which I have seen and cured.  
First, matter offending must be evacuated, diet of light digestion prescribed, bleeding if necessary appointed; for purging, use pull. Arthritic. cum ziuzib. every week, once or twice, bleeding after the first day: Others prescribe this as excellent, ℞ Turbith. gum. Hermodact. an. ℥ ij. rad. utriusque Scrophular. ℥ j rad. Angelic. majorʒj. sol. sen. orient. ℥ j Scam. crud. ℈ iiij. f. pull. take it in syrup of Roses ʒij. or according to the age and strength of the patiented, add Mercur. dull. give this every other day, for 15 days together: For children, a purging Nectar may be provided for 15 or 20 days together; sometimes, if you see cause, intermit. This course I have found successful: to consume the matter, aq. flor. rusci is good; vel. rad. rusci. ʒj. iridis gr. x. come vin. dulc. for 40 days. Sweeting is profitable with this; ℞ Sarsaepar. ℥ j flor. betonic. p. 1. fol. Agrimon. & veronic. an. M s. macer. hor. 20. in aq. Font. lb iiij. deind. coq. ad consume. 3. part. in vase bene clauso dainde colatu. moderate. calid. & sacc. dulcor. give ℥ iij. hor. 6. mane. Sleep upon it if you can, or else lie still two hours and sweat: The second may be provided for ordinary drink. These pills are good, ℞ Master. pil. coach: ʒij. Hier. cum Agaric. ʒi. Trochis. alhand. Myrrh. verae an. ℈ s. ol. faenic. dulc. gut. j eum syr. Staechad. q. s. f. pil.. After which this, ℞ Butterbure, so many leaves as may be steeped in the following liquor, the powder of Woodlice a spoonful, of the stone of a horse a spoonful, boil them in two quarts of old Ale, till a quart be consumed, after strain it, and put it into a bottle, and drink four spoonfuls first and last: vel ℞ Jalapae alb. flor. & fol. betonic. Sanicu. Tussilag. Artemis. quinque fol. fol. cichor. an. Mj. gly cyrrh. sem. anis. & faenicul. an. ℥ j passul. mayor. lb s. Minor. ℥ iiij. coq. omnia in aq. Font. lb x. lento igne ad consumpt. ½ colat. dis. ℥ iiij. in the morning, and so much at four a clock in the afternoon.  
For externalls, Empl. devigo. cum mercur. quadrupl. vitriol. Roman gum. Ammoniac. an. ℥ ij. cum Tereb. f. Empl. The place may be fomented first with a sponge dipped in aq. Calc. viv. vel ℞ rad. Althaeae, brion. scrophular. maj. et ebuli a ℥ j flor. Cham. Melilot. Sambuc. Ebuli an. Mj. sem. anisi, faenugr. an. ℥ s. coq. in aq. ad consumpt. 3 part. Apply it hot for half an hour, after anoint it with this; ℞ Vng. dialthae. ℥ ij. ol. lilior. alb. pingued. gallinae, anseris, ursi, et humani a ℥ s. aq. vitae ℥ j Misce f. Lin. Than apply Empl. ciculi, or the former, a fume of Lap. pyrit. extinct. in acet. is good; the top of the funnel must be fitted to the part upon which you may apply this, ℞ Empl. de vig. cum Mercur. quadruplic. ℥ j vitriol. rome. ʒj. If it break, wash it, with verjuice and butter, and dress it with caustick medicament if there be need; otherwise cure it as other Ulcers S. A. If they be in places convenient, cut them out; if they come to suppuration, open them not till they be throughly suppurated, unless the part be subject to corruption.   

CHAP. V Cataract.  
IT's the obstruction of the pupil of the eye by a hard and congealed humour, 
Cataract.  this humour is the aqueous offending in quantity or quality; if in quantity, it either by the increase or decrease of it, which is known by the dilatation or constriction of the pupil; if from the quality, it is thickened and condensated, and this vulgarly is called a Cataract.  
If they be of the colour of rusty iron, 
Cure.  or white like pearls, or an ashy green like Sea water, or chestnut, they are curable; if of the colour of chalk, black, or yellow, not. If from acute Fevers, Peripneumony, Frenzy, and pain in the head, it's hard: if it be new, and not confirmed, it may be discussed, otherwhise not. If ready To Couch, shut the whole eye, and ●ub gently the lid of the ill eye; if spread and come round again, it may be couched, otherwise not, Gal. 1. de Sympt. causis, Cap. 2.  
Is twofold: First, physical, 
Cure.  River, prax. Med. Tom. 2. pag. 33. saith, he cured some in principio, yea, though fifty years' aged, with universal evacuations, a sweeting diet, and vesicatories, without any external applications; in this first purge the whole body, especially the head, is exactly to be evacuated, and the humour in the pupil discussed, if you perceive it come from the stomach, vomit, if not purge Cum pil. Catholic. vel ℞ sen. Mund. ℥ s. sem. faenic. ʒj. fol. beton. euphra. an. Ms. Liquir. ʒiij. Coq. in aq. ad ℥ iij. in Colat. dissol. diaphaenic. ʒuj. Syr. ros. ℥ j f. pot. After which a proper Apozeme will do well, and than purge with pills as in Opthal. for externalls, use this, ℞ aq. Euphra. Chelidon. ros. cum medic. aqua vit. vel ℞ aq. Chelidon. Maj. ℥ vj. Croc. Metal. ʒj. infund. simul. of this drop 3 or 4 drops, 3 or 4 times a day, this is excellent.  
If it cannot be dissolved, than we are to use the needle, which is done thus, turn the eye toward the nose, and thrust in the needle boldly in the middle space betwixt the lesser corner and the horny coat, just against the midst of the Cataract, bringing it from above downward beneath the Pupil, there keep it for some short time; when it abides firmly, draw back the needle gently, after apply the white of eggs, with rose-water, and a little alum; than bind up both the eyes, and apply a restrictive on the forehead; let his head lie high, use liquid meats; after the former manner dressing it once aday for 12 or 15 days, moving the head and teeth as seldom as is possible. Let it be done in a morning. It will be convenient after the Patient is well, to prevent reciduvation, to use purges, and open a fontinell.  
There are divers other effects, which though it be not so proper, we shall insert here, because we are treating of the eyes.   

CHAP. VI Oculi procidentiae.  
THe signs are evident for cure, 
Oculus procidentia.  after general evacuations, and particular, bind up the eye with a decoction of Sloes, which I have tried, vel ℞ fol. cupress. ℥ s. flor. Cham. ʒij. Thur. Mastic. an. ʒj. f. Sacc. in aq. madefact. and apply it, using defensatives to the forchead; if this will not do, it must be taken out and cured S. A.   

CHAP. VII. Vnguis Oculi.  
IF inveterate, 
Vnguis Oculi.  thick, and broad, it's difficult to take away; that which covereth the whole Pupil is not to be touched.  
After universals, 
Cure.  if in Principio, use aq. Euphra. & Sacc. vel succ. faenic. rec. extr. & balsam. Peruvi. gut. j admista. after oil of Linen. or the skins of eggs macerated in vinegar, and dried and made into powder, and used; if these prevail not, use manual operation, which perform thus, keep the eye open with speeul. oculi; than lift the nail up, with a little silver hook, taking hold of the middle, after pass a needle and thread through to hold it up, than diligently separate it, taking heed of Cornea & Adnata.   

CHAP. VIII.  
AS for Grando & Hordeolum Tumours upon the eye lids, 
Grando & hordeolum  the first being round and clear, and the other not, are to be cured either by resolution, maturation, or incision.  
For Rhyas & Encanthes, 
Rhyas & Encanthes.  the first a decrease, the second an increase of the Glandul in the great corner of the eye; they are thus to be handled: The first hath frequently joined with it a continual flux of tears; which cure with this, ℞ aloes, Thur. an. ʒj. Sang. drac. ℥ s. ros. rub. & granat. Sumac. an. ℈ j aq. ros. lb j bull. ad quart. partis consumpt. f. instar Collyrii.  
For the second, it's hardly cured if great and old, it must be by incision, which is dangerous, if it cannot be taken arvay cum alum. vel vitriol. usto; take heed jest in your cutting you 'cause a haemorrbagia or blindness; for the itching of those glanduls, use this, ℞ Tutiae praep. cum aq. ros. Misce.   

CHAP. IX. Hudatis.  
IT's a certain fatty substance lying under the skin of the upper eye lid; 
Hudatis.  it's incident to children of humid natures.  
If pressed, 
Signs.  it leaves a pit, it cannot be lifted up, the eyes look read, and flow with tears, they cannot endure the light.  
If it be new and small, 
Cure.  it may be cured by anointing it with fasting spittle every morning, or foment cum decect. absinth. flor. Cham. & sem. faenugr. after apply Empl. diachyl. cum Amoniac. dissol. in aceto, add. sal. Amoniac. & irios parum; than cut it forth, and if vehemency of pain hinder not, put in salt to consume the matter, and dry and strengthen. Lastly, use alb. ov. cum aq. ros. the tread only, which are excellent in wounds, and all pains in the eyes.   

CHAP. X.  
IF things fallen into the eyes offend, either lick them forth, or with a piece of a fine sponge tied to the end of your Probe, wipe them forth, moistening it cum aq. ros. If there be great pain, apply defensatives to the forehead, use cups, purge, let blood, vesicatories: To the eye use this, ℞ mucilag. Cydon. aq. ros. & plantag. extr. Lac. mulier. an. ℥ ij. Caphur. & croc. an. ʒj. s misce floleri. Upon the eye apply this, ℞ rad. althaeae minutiss. incis. & con●use flor. & fol. betovic. Euphrag. chamaemel. Melilot. an. M j Sem. faenugr. con●us ℥ s. incidant. minutim, Misceque omnia & f. Sacculi intersuti. Apply it (being boiled in milk) warm 3 or 4 times a day: this got out iron rust that otherwise could not be effected.  
For strokes upon them, apply this, ℞ farin. fabar. fol. plantag. ros. & cum aq. f. Catapl. putting into the eye Pigeons blood, which is excellent; upon it you may apply rotten apple, cumlac Mulier, which easeth pain admirably.    


SECT. VI CHAP. I  
THUS having put an end to things superfluous, which are familiar to nature; we come to the last branch (of the third part) which is things adverse to nature; as, stones in any part of the body, but especially in the bladder. For stones in all other internal parts, they are not within the compass of this operation with any safety, though some think those in the kidneys may bear it; those that are in the external parts are with Tumour, and therefore may be accordingly cured: Therefore we shall here briefly handle,   

CHAP. II. Lithotomia.  
HIldanus in his accurate Discourse concerning this Subject, 
Lithotomia.  before the operation, prepares the body by purging, bleeding, baths, etc. It's good, but yet good operators have performed their work either without, or little; however, I shall briefly set down what is necessary. And begin with the Causes  
Which are either efficient, as the preternatural heat of the inward bowels; or material, which is a gross and slimy phlegm: It's true, other humours with this may be commixed, and salt and tartar may supernaturally add to the coagulation.  
There is with the urine mixed a crass, viscid, and white humour, which standing, cleaves to the urinal; pain in pissing, strangury, pain, and itching at the end of the prepuce; much thirst, the Chirurgeon putting his finger at the fundament, he may perceive a hardness, but the surest way is to search with the Cathetar, being anointed cum ol. Amygd. d. in the putting of this, let the Patient be in a stooping posture, leaning against something with his back, with his knees a foot asunder, put it in gently, you shall know there is a stone by an obscure sound.  
In which consider; first, things to be done before: Secondly, in: Thirdly, after.  
For the first, having certain knowledge of a stone, than consider the greatness; If it be very great, it cannot but procure death; the greatness is known, if it hath been long in generating, if there be a great weight, and by putting you finger in the Fundament, before you go about the work, let th● body for certain days be prepared by keeping an accurate diet, using this for his drink; ℞ Agrimon. ve ronic. an. M s. Liquir. ℥ s. incida●● & decoq. in lb iij. aq. Font. ad 3 part. Consumpt. add. Cinam. ʒvi. Sacc. ℥ js. the pot wherein it's decocted, is to be very well stopped, Lac. Amygd. d. is excellent. Purge gently in children, cum syr. ros. vel Cichor. cum rbabarb. If they be grown up, add elect. è Succ. rosar. If of ripe years, some proper purge; a magistral syrup for the purpose is this, ℞ rad. Cichor. Lapat. acut. polypod. an. ʒj. Liquiritʒij. Herb. seabios. agrimon. veronic. an. M s. flor. 3 cord. an. p. 1. Sem. anis. ʒij. fol. sen. ℥ iij. ecq. in aq. ut colatura redeat. ad. lb j inqua infundant. & macerent. per noct. rbabar. ℥ s. Agar. Troch. rec. Tereb. gum. an. ʒij. deind. ebull. unam aut alteram horam exprimat fortit. & come Syr. ros. ℥ seven. Sacc. miscellan. f. Syr. Proportion the dose according to strength, exhibit it in the decoct. of Agrimo. p. vel aq. End. After sufficient purging, if it be necessary, let blood, (only if any accustomed evacuation be stopped, as Hemerod. & mensium, let them first be procured. If the stone be great, use this bath, ℞ rad. Althaeae malu. an. ℥ ij. fol. althaeae, malu. viol. paristar. flor. Cham. Melilot an. M j Sem. anisi, Melilot, aneth. lini. faenugr. an. ℥ j incidant. & contund. omnio grosse modo, coq. pro semicupio. This is to be used for four days before operation two hours after Supper, from which let him go to his bed, and having rested half an hour, let him be anointed with this, ℞ cl. Amygd. d. Lilior. alb. Scorpior an. ℥ j pingued. capon. anseris, an. ℥ s. ung. dialth. ʒij. Misce f. Linim. a bag of the same herbs boiled, may in stead of the bath be used, applied to the Perinaeum, and those parts.  
The Spring time is the best for the operation, and it's more safely performed on young than old.  
Secondly, for what is to be done in having in a readiness Catheters, Probes, Conductor, Itinerarium, Specula, Pincers, small hooks of all sizes, Astringent powders, ℞ owlers, Sponges, and Cordials. Let the Patient be placed on a firm Table, with a sheet many times doubled laid under his buttocks, and a pillow under his loins and back, so that he may lie half upright; with his thighs lifted up, and his legs and heels drawn back to his hips; than having a strong long Rowler of four fingers broad, use it thus, let it be rolled at both ends, let an Attendant hold one side of the rowler very hard in the hinder part of the Patient's neck; and than go with the other end over the Patients left arm hole, and under the left arm towards the right hip, and over the forepart of the thigh, whence carry it below the knee, and thence bring it again to the external part of the thigh, and so to the sole of the foot, and thence again above the thigh; and so under the knee, and thence again upwards towards the loins; than go up with it towards the left arm hole, that so thou mayst bring it from under the left arm to the neck, where thou shalt deliver that end of the rowler to be held by the attendant; and taking the end which he holds, thou shalt bring, it over the right armpit, first forward, and than backward under the arms towards the left thigh, that both ends of the rowler may meet cross ways upon the back, whence thou shalt carry it above the hip and thigh, downwards to the knee, and above the shins, thigh, and under the sole of the foot, and so again to the hip, and over the loins to the right arm hole, after the form used on the left side, that both the ends of the rowler may be knit together upon the neck, surely. Being thus bound, have two strong men on each side of him, two whereof may hold him by the knees and feet, and two by the arm holes and hands. After this, let the Chirurgeon thrust in his Directory for that purpose, which will be a guide to him for making his incision; let it be carried to the left side, and let him who standeth on the Patients right hand, with his left hand lift up his Scrotum; make your incision a finger's breadth from the fundament, on the left side the Perinaum, not exceeding the bigness of your thumb, for it's afterwards enlarged with the Dilator. If the stone be found great. If it be possible, let it be drawn out whole, if it cannot, it must be broke: But after incision, before you take out your Directory, thrust in the Conductor upon the Directory to the very stone; after take out the Directory, that so the yard may be free. This done, thrust in the Hamulus by the open side of the Conductor; the Conductor being drawn forth, than the stone to be brought down by two of the fingers of the left hand put into the fundament, to be caught by the Hamulus, and so drawn out, let some also crush the belly gently to further the falling of the stone to the neck of the bladder. After the great stones are drawn forth, than with your spoon cleanse the bladder of the gravel and clotted blood; but this may be omitted, if the Patient's strength will not bear it, the orifice being to be kept open; the same way may be extracted stones from women and children, only in women the fingers is to be put in vulva, (unless in maids) and the Catheter may be straight. Children may be held on a man's lap. As soon as the bladder is discharged, let the ligature be unloosed, and the Patient laid in his bed, apply to the wound a Tent armed with the white of eggs, and an Astringent powder, which put to the very bladder, upon this a bolster dipped in the white of an egg, rose and plantain waters beaten together. Anoint the belly, navel, loins, and all the parts about with this, ℞ ol. ros. viol. an. ℥ ij. Amygd. d. ovor. butyr. rec. an. ℥ j misce. and so let it be bound up. At night let it be dressed again, if he have not urined, as before, and so for three or four days, till danger of bleeding be past; than use this digestive, ℞ Cer. nov.. ʒj s. gum. elem. Terebinth. clar. an. ℥ j colophon. ℥ s. ol. amygd. d. ovor. an. ℥ j dissolvant. igne lentiss. & per col. colat. admisicroc. pull. subtilis. ℈ ij. bujus unguent. ℞ ℥ j vitel. ov. ol. ros. q. s. ut formam acquirat liquidam. Anoint your tent, with this, and with it, and the yolk of an egg mixed and spread upon a cloth; and upon that (after anointing) a bolster as before, adding only a little rose vinegar. after a while a silver pipe is to be used; and follow the cure according to art.  
Some symptoms here may be annexed, but those that are common to other wounds shall not be handled: Yet this observe, a strict diet is to be observed, and the belly kept open; and if the body be young and plethoric, a vein opened after the third day, which prevents most symptoms, therefore first to be handled, Is,   

CHAP. III.  
When the stone sticks in the ureters, this is dangerous; for this prescribe a convenieni diet, let his drink be that prescribed of Agrim. etc. use glisters, as ℞ rad. alth. mal. an. ℥ j sol. alth. malu. viol. Mercur. an. M s. parietar. Mjs. flor. Cham. Melilot, Sambuc. an. M s. Sem. anisi, lini, fanicul. faenugr. an. ʒij. incidant. & contund. omnia postea f. decoc. in aq. Font. lb iiij, ad consumpt. 3 part in colat: ℥ x. dissol. butyr. rec. ol. lilior. Lumbric. an. ℥ j vitel. ovor. N. ij. Sal. ʒij. f. Enem. use it at lest once a day. Inwardly exhibit ol. Amygd d. cum. Syr. de alth. & aq. loctis Nephritic. Anointing the loins with the ointment prescribed page 364. after applying Cataplasms of what you make your clyster of; if he be subject to vomit, give him a gentle one; as, ℞ Agaric. ℈ ij. rad. rapha. Asari. an. ʒj. flor. roris. p. 1. coq. in aq. ad. ℥ vj. add. Syr. acetoes. ℥ ij. Misce. Leeches here may be proper, yet purging saith Hildanus is not to be administered, though I have seen it, with wonderful effect used. If rest be wanting, ℞ aq. lactuc. parietar. an. ℥ i s. Syr. de pap. ℥ j althaeae Fer. ℥ s. confec. alker. ℈ j Misce, & exhib. hor. somni.   

CHAP. iv Retention of the stone in the yard.  
THis is similar and proper to the former matter; if it can neither be driven forth by the hand, nor forced back with your Catheter, or broken with a small Piercer, it's to be cut forth, which is to be made not upon the ureter, but near it, till you come to the stone, which if it cannot be thrust forth, is to be drawn forth with an instrument with the handle; after handle the wound according to artt, having care that proud flesh grow not inward, which to prevent, use a wax candle, or a leaden fillet anointed cum ung. diapomphol. upon the dressing outwardly apply this; ℞ far. hord.. ℥ iiij. pull. ros. rub. ballast. an. ʒj. eoq. in ss. q. aq. parieta. ad form. Catapl. add oxym ss. ℥ i, vitel. ovi unius.     

PART. iv  


CHAP. I. SECT. I.  
HAving passed over the 3 first parts of Chirurgery, we come to the last, which is the supplying the defects of the body: And these are either of the body itself, as the restoring of the Nose, Ears, and Lips; or of some other matter, as the Eyes, Hand, etc. artificially made; the former of these are here never practised (though amongst the Bononians) they being so difficult and painful; and if one did consider the preparations necessary, the symptoms that fall out, the dangers that may hap by the lest neglect, it would altogether be left, considering therewithal that there may be other more easy way used. But to come to the   

CHAP. II. Restoring of the Nose.  
FIrst scarify the callous edges of the Nose, 
Restoring the Nose.  after make an incision on the arm into the muscle Biceps, as large as is requisite, into which put the nose, and bind the Patient's head unto his arm for 40 days, which being agglutinated, cut as much out of the arm as may make the nose, fashioning it in every thing accordingly; the Patient is only to be fed with Panadoes and other liquid things; the Lips and Ears are to be taken also from the same place; the last is the most dangerous, by reason of great flux, the quantity of the flesh being more to restore the ear than any, and therefore the incision to be more large. But to conclude, this first branch, if ever patience be requisite in any operation of Chirurgery, than much more in this, a man would be loathe to be in little ease a day, much more a hundred; if any would know more of these operations, let him peruse Gaspar Talicotius.  
As for defects to be supplied by those things which are no ways of the nature of the body; we shall take them in order, and begin with the   

CHAP. V Eyes.  
WHich must be made of silver or gold, 
Eyes.  and inamelled, fit for the cavity; Two or three is necessary; these are to be put in, or taken out at pleasure; the most exquisite is thought to be made in France.   

CHAP. iv Nose.  
BEing lost, 
Nose.  may be restored artificially, the matter of it may be gold, silver, paper, and linen clothes glued artificially coloured, it must be bound and stayed with little thread unto the hinder part of the head or hat, if there be any of the upper lip wanting, it may also be added.   

CHAP. V Teeth.  
IF they be broken, struck out of their places, or drawn, 
Teeth.  and so cause deformity, and hinder pronunciation; than you may have some made of ivory, and put into the place, and fastened to the other with a silver wire or silk.   

CHAP. VI Palat.  
IT happeneth often that part of the bone of the , 
Palat.  either by gunshot, or Lues Venerea is removed, so that the Patient cannot pronounce his words distinctly, but obscurely and snuffling; to amend this, there must be a gold or silver plate prepared, the thickness of a French Crown, a little bigger than the cavity itself, in the form of a dish, in the inner part of which must a little sponge be fastened; this sponge is to be put into the cavity, which with the moisture coming from the brain being wet, will 'cause it swell and fill the cavity; and so keep up the , as if it stood of itself.   

CHAP. X. Tongue.  
Partly of this may be cut of, 
Tongue. Pareus.  and so cause dumbness: Pareus hath an observation of it, and how helped; the sum of which is this: The tongue being part cut of, an instrument of wood was neatly cut, having two parts; the upper part the thickness of a Nine pence, the lower as thick as a six pence; the upper part is to be held between the cutting teeth, that it cannot come forth of the mouth, or be seen; the lower part is to be put hard to the rest of his tongue, close to the membranous ligament which is under it; and thus may they speak.   

CHAP. VIII. Ears.  
IF it be but in part gone, 
Ears.  than in that which remains make many holes, and with lead let them be cicatrized; after having the rest of the ear artificially made, is to be fastened by those holes; but if it be totally gone, another must be made of paper or leather, artificially, and so with laces fastened to the top or hinder part of the head on a cap; or else by a wire fitted from it for the hinder part of the neck.   

CHAP. VI Yard.  
THose that have them cut of close to the belly, 
Yard.  prepare a pipe made of wood or latin, let the hole which is through it be as big as a finger, and a wide brink at top; which when you have need apply to the Os Pectinis.   

CHAP. IX. Hands.  
IT sometimes happeneth by reason of some tendons and nerves being cut, 
Hands.  the hand cannot be lifted up; for which an instrument is to be made of a strong plate of Latin, lined in the inner side with silk, or such like, it's to be placed on the wrist, that it may come to the palm of the hand, or first joint of the singers, it must be tied on with strings: the instrument is to come almost about the wrist; an instrument may also be made for the thumbs or finger; if need be artificial hands may also be made, as also Legs, the former are seldom of use, the other frequent; some of these are made fast in the form of sound Legs; others small all downward from a little under the seat where the stump of the Leg is to lie; they are to be tied on to the thighs with fit bolsters, and small pillows for the knee to rest upon.  
Thus by Divine assistance we have passed through the Four parts of Chirurgery: And shall now speak something of Encearing and Embalming; and so concluding our Chirurgery work, enter upon an Appendix.    


SECT. II. CHAP. I. Encearing and Embalming.  
ALL our former Discourse hath had a living body for its subject, 
Encearing and Embalming.  though hurt; Here we are to deal with it having paid its last debt to nature, and having undergone its greatest encounter, is overcome by the King of terror, Death, and so lies breathless; where it's not only a certain prognostic of our following after, but also a monitor to prepare for the like condition, for after death there is no place found for repentance; something might be said for laudablenesse of it both from Authors, Jewish, Christians, and Heathen: I set the Jew in the front, because as fare as is discovered, they were the first practisers of it; but we need not mention these, having (which is most warrantable) Scripture instances.  
For the first, there needs little to be discoursed for after the passages of the body, is well stopped up, either with hurds alone, or dipped in the composition prepared for the cerecloth, and upon them clothes applied, dipped in the same, and after lapped up in 1, 2, or 3 cearcloths, which may be either of sheets, or new cloth made for that purpose; if but in one, cord the body before; but if two or three, cord it upon the first. Some before the stopping of the passages use sharp glisters of wine, vinegar, or salt water, and so hung up the body with the hands, that so the excrement may issue out, and so renew the glisters.  
But for Embalming, having all things in a readiness, as fit instruments, sponges, stuffs, linens, etc. than embowel the corpse, removing all the part contained in the belly, breast, and head, letting them presently be buried, (saving the heart, which is to be embalmed with the body:) Unless it hap the Corpse to be embalmed be distant from the place it's to be interred, and the friends desire they may be brought thither, than follow this course, (which I took with the bowels of the Right Honourable Robert Lord Brooke) I caused the Cooper to make a strong light barrel fit for to contain them, and to pitch it within very well; which being done, I put in all the bowels, etc. into it, with bran and some salt; than he putting on the head, I caused him to pitch it well, after anointed the top with oils after described, and so it kept till the time of his interring, without any offence, which was a month or six week's time. After you have freed the ventures, and dried them clean from all the blood with  and sponges, than you may wash them Cum acet. vini, in qu. infund. absinth. rutae, colocynthid. add. alum. and good store of salt, and some Aloes: the whole body may be washed with sponges dipped in Aquavitae and strong vinegar; the venture is to be filled with this or the like: ℞ Calam. Aromatic. irid. flor. Aristo. rot. Caryophyl. styrac. calam. benion. Ladan. Myrrh. Aloes, lb s. caryophyl. piper. nuc. Mosch. cinam. an. ℥ iiij. fol. Sice. Majoran, origan, calaminth. Scordii, pulegii, absinth. salu. rorismar. Lavendul. Chamaemel, an. M iiij. rosar. ballast. an. p. vj. Calc. viv. & gypsi, an. lb j. f. omnium pull. If the quantity be not sufficient, double it, amongst you may cast in some Ol. spicae Terebinth. & Rhodium; having filled the Cavities, sow them up close. Some make Incision in the arms, back, legs, thighs, hips, especially in those places where the great vessels lies; and having washed them well in the foresaid vinegar, fill them with the powder, and sow them up; after all which is done, than anoint the corpse over Cum ol. Cham. rosar: Aneth. an. lb s. Terebinth, lb. lb.j. Ol. Spic. ℥ iiij. Ol. Caryophyl, Thymi, an. ℥ j Rhodii ℥ s. Misce. Upon this strew some of the powder, and than lap it up in 2 or 3 double of cerecloth (having first with cords and whipcord corded all the body, arms, yea fingers, if you make any incisions into them) one after another. Upon the first cording, as this, ℞ Colophon. lb x. Resin. pini, Thur. an. lb vj. Aloes, Myrrh. Commun an. lb ij. Styrac. Mastic. an. lb s. gum. Arabic. Tragacanth. an. ℥ vj. Cerae lb iiij. ol. aneth. ros. an. lb s. Spic. ℥ iiij. Ol. Caryoph. ℥ j & ping. ov. q. s. f. Cer. You may make a mixture with Coloph. pitch, rossin, fran. and wax, adding what Oils you please: dip your sheets in it, and use them; in the mean, while you are thus employed, burn something in the Room which may 'cause a pleasant savour.     
Having thus ended the chirurgical Discourse, we leave it, and and you, to the Blessing of God.   

APPENDIX.  

CHAP. I  
HAving by Divine assistance (as we are able) finished the Art of Chirurgery, we had thought there to have rested; but considering there was several Diseases of the body, which seeming more properly to belong to the Science of Physic, yet was such as wherein the Chirurgeon was frequently employed: And again, divers others which befell men at Sea, where Physicians seldom venture themselves, and Surgeons were only present; therefore we resolved for to touch them as briefly as we could, and as well as poor abilities would permit. And therefore shall they be here delineated, beginning with the French pox.   

CHAP. II. De Morbo Gallico.  
THe causes of this is divers: 
Morbo Gallico.  as, 1 A specific or occult quality referred to God, at whose command this judgement hath followed the sin of whoredom. 2 Copulating with persons infected. 3 By communicating of vapours.  
In the beginning there is a lassitude and dulness over the whole body, 
Signs.  pain betwixt the joints, especially in the night; Buboes in the groins, Pustles in the forehead, malign and callous Ulcers in the privities, hoarseness, knots upon the bones, corruption of the bones before Ulcers appear,  hangeth down, falling of the hair, and chaps in the hands and feet.  
If it be newly taken, 
Prognost.  accompanied with few pustles, small wand'ring pain, the body be young, and in good case, and the time of the year be seasonable, cure is easy; but if inveterate, associated with fixed pain of the head, rottenness of the bones, bad Ulcers in a body, maciated and weak, the cure hath been divers times attempted without success, very hard, if not incurable, especially if the party have a Pthisis or Hectic.  
A good diet is to be appointed them first prepare the body, ℞ Sarsap. ℥ j passular. sine semin, p. 1. Capil. Vener. fumar. Lupulor, ana Mj. fol. sen. sem. Carth. an. ℥ j s. coq. in lb iiij. aq. ad dimid. part. consump. col. & servetur prousu; with this you may mix Syr. fumar. Cichor, etc. After purge cumpil. Cathol. vel ℞ Confect. Hamech. ʒuj. Terebinth. venetʒij. Mercur. dulc. gra. x. misce. vel ℞ Turbith. Hermodact. an. ʒv. Sarsapar. ʒj. mastic. ʒv. gum. Guaiac. ʒuj. Terebinth. lot. ʒuj. benzo. & labd. an. ℥ s. Sen. oped. mund. ℥ s. come syr. fumar. f. Elect. does. ℥ j to this may be added Mercur. d. gr. x. After purging let blood, saith Zacutus; others before, either prepar. or purging, but this is not to be admitted, if there be Bubo's suppurated. If there be Pustulaes' or Scabs, it's good to apply Leeches. After this, if you would cure by sweeting, than make this decoct. ℞ Lign. vitae, Sarsapar. an. lb s. Cortic. lign. vitae, an. ℥ j.s. aq. pluvial. lb. decoc. vase clauso ad consumpt. 3. part. If there need more inciding or concocting add. rad. Helen. ʒuj. bacc. juniper. liquirit, an. ℥ v. Col. does. ℥ v. in mane & vesp. Two hours before meat to the dose; you may add Sulphur. Aurat. diaphor. gr. xij. The third day let him rest from sweeting, and purge with this: ℞ Mercur. d. sal. Antimon. gr. iiij. diagrid. gr. viij. cum conser. ros. f. bol. vel pil. Cathol. ℈ j Mercur. d. gr. x. Misce f. pil.. Than sweated again 7 days; and again omit one or two to purge, and so do till you have cured. The second decoct is to be for ordinary drink. The time of their sweeting is to be two hours, if they be able; after which they are to be dried with , rubbing the whole side hard, and the pained softly; two hours after let them dine sparingly, four or six hours after let them sweated again.  
Secondly, to cure by Salivation, you are to use either means inward or outward. Inwardly, use these pills, ℞ praecip. rub. Cinabaris, an. ʒj. Castor pull. ʒs. cum styrac. liquid. ℈ j Mithrid. f. mass. give from 1 pill to 9 vel ℞ Mercur. pp. evapor. in aq. ros. septem tempor. ℥ j pull. Castor. Cinabaris an. ʒij. Mithrid. ℥ j f. mass. dosi. the weight of a French crown: vel Mercur. d. ℈ j in Theriac. f. bol. give it every day, increasing 5 grains to the 40 day, and so continued till the 7 day; in the mean time using nothing but posset drink for beer, and mutton and veal for meat; panacea aurea is also excellent, which is compounded of equal quantities of Croc. Metal. & mercur. d. which doth not only cause salivation, but also vomiting and purge, which I have used with good success. Outwardly, is by fumigations of Cinabaris, which is by many not approved of, unless it be for a particular member, to dry up ill conditioned Ulcers.  
Thirdly, by Emplast. and Unguents: for unguents, take this for use; ℞ Adipis gallin. porcin. vacoini, an. ℥ iiij. ol. laur. ℥ ij. ol. lilior. ℥ iij. mercur. vivi extincti saliva human. ℥ v. pinguedines non liquentur ad ignem, sed extractis pelliculis diligenter in mortario contundantur, deinde paulatim addatur mercur. viv. & agitetur per duas horas, deinde infundantur olea & optimè agitentur; postea vero add Mithridat. ℥ j pull. Thur. mastic. myrt. litbarg. ceruse. an. ℥ s. styrac. liquid. ʒv. mis. f. Unguent. vej ℞ Axung. porcin. recent. lb j. pingued. human. ℥ iiij. ol. ex floribus Slot. ℥ ij. styrac. calaminth. benzoin. mastic. an. ʒij. Theriac. & mithrid. an. ℥ s. Argent. vini ℥ vj. agitentur diu in mortario addend. ol. spic. salu. & gran. juniperi, an. ʒj. f. q. s. Linim. quod servetur in vase vitreaco ad usum. These are thus to be used, after general evacuations, let the Patient be in a close room, or else where a stove is, which is excellent, or it may be done in bed. If the party be strong, anoint before eating; if weak, an hour before give some jelly at first; anoint only the joints, as the wrists, elbows, knees, ankles, and shoulders, rubbing them hard; after lapping them up warm with carded cotton, stuffs or brown paper. After if the party be strong, anoint the Emunctories, and the whole spin of the back, shunning the noble parts. In strong bodies anoint twice a day, 6 hours after meat; (Hild. but once, 
Hildanus.  and that 3 or 4 hours before dinner:) if weak, once a day, or giving a day or two to gather strength; when they begin to flux, cease your Unction. As for plasters, they are seldom in use, unless for particular parts: This is to be observed, that Apostemes and Ulcers are to be mundified, & carious bones removed, before the cure can be perfected.   

CHAP. I  
FRom the cure of the disease, we come to the symptoms. The first is,  
Alopecia.  
The body being purged, 
Al●pecia.  and if need, let blood, than sweated, after foment the part with this, ℞ ciner. abrot. saemin. ℥ iiij. ciner. sarmentor, ʒij. flor. cum vino alb. lb iiij. After anoint, ℞ Capil. Ven. Abrot. absinth. S m. apit, cortic. arundinum & Auellanar. & amygd. Combnrantur omnia cum pingued ursi, Ladano & Mel. an part. aeq. f. Linim.   

CHAP. II. Dolour Capit.  
INternally, 
Dolour Capit.  ol. Mercur. diaphoretic. outwardly, Empl. de vigo.  
If in the Joints,  
First make fomentation, cum aq. vit. in aqua coq. rad. alth. After anoint cvm. ol. laurin. & Scorpion. and upon that apply Emp. de vigo. cum mercur. duplicat.   

CHAP. III. Talpa.  
APPLY this, 
Talpa.  ℞ laur. lilior. de Sarponi, an. ℥ j Sagap. galb. in aceto accermo dissol. an. ʒiij pull. rad. irios, marchasitar. an. ʒj. argent. vivi ext. ℥ ij. Misce f. Unguent. vel ℞ Empl. viporin. ℥ js. Ther. antiq. ʒuj. ol. viper. f. Empl.  
For cariosity of the bones, they are to be removed either with Euphorb. or actual Cauteries; to Bubons, apply Empl. crocat. vel ol. Tar. nigrum.   

CHAP. IU. Gonorrhaea virulent.  
AFter use of the former bowl, 
Gonorrhaea virulent.  ℞ Mercur. Vener. diaph. gr. twenty-four. Theriac. venet. q. s. ad. form. pil. 8. dos. One every morning at 5 a clock, and sweated for half an honre if there be need inject this, ℞ Consolid. med. ℥ ij. Lig. vitae ℥ j f. decoct. in quo infund. Mercur. d. ℥ s. colat. Or this course, ℞ Mercur. d. gr. viij. extract. Rud. gr. fourteen. f. pil.. Increase every day of the Mercur. d. ij gr. and decrease so much of the Venus; extract till the quantity of the extract come to be gr. viij. remembering you purge first. For inject, ℞ aq. Sper. ranar. ℥ iiij. mel. rosar. ℥ js. Troch. alb. Rhas'. ʒs. flor Aegyp. gut. iiij. For Pustles, anoint them Come ung. ros. add. gut. aliquot. ol. guaiac. Chimici.   

CHAP. V Nodus.  
FOr knots; 
Nodus.  first, use this bag, ℞ rad. althaae malu. bryon. Scrophul. mayor. an. ℥ js. fol. alth. malu viol. an. M s. flor. Cham. melilot. an. M j Sem. anisi, faenugr. Lini, melil. an. ʒii. incidantur & contund. saccul. filo intertextis & ejus magnitudine ut Tophos cooperire possint; coq. in aq. Apply it hot for half an hour, or a whole one: After anoint with this, ℞ Lumbric. lilior. amygd. d. pingued. human. an. ℥ j unguent. dialth. ʒii. Misce. Than apply this, ℞ Emp. ex mucilag. ℥ iij. de Ranis cum mercur. ℥ two. gum. Elem. & Tacama hac dissol. in ol. amygd. d. & percolatorum, an. ℥ i misce f. Cerat. de quo extend. supra corium, and apply to the Tophies.  
Further, for Bubo's use this, ℞ diach. cum gum. Emp. de mucilag. an. ℥ j garlic and onions roasted under the Emberss, an. ʒii. dialth. man's grease, and Bears, of each ʒi. f. Cat. when they are ready, open it with a Cautery, Issues are excellent, in the groins especially.   

CHAP. VI Caruncle.  
A Fleshy excrescence, 
Caruncle.  which sometimes useth to grow in the Urethra, by the heat and scalding of the urine.  
Caused of inflammation or ulcers in those parts, by sand, stones, filthy humours.  
Gonorrhaea. 
Gonorrhaea.   
It's known by the Catheter, by difficulty and stopping of the water, which cometh forth like a small thread, other whiles forked, extremity of pain. If new, easy; if old, hard to cure.  
For the old and inveterate use this Foment. 
Cure.  ℞ rad. alth. & Lilior. an. ℥ iiij. rad. bryon. & faenicul. an. ℥ i s. fol. malu. viol. parietar. & Mercur. an. Ms. Sem. lin. & faenugr. an. ℥ s. Caric. pingues. N. xij. Flor. Cham. & Melil. an. p. 1. contund. contund. & incid. incid. bull. omnia in aq. Commun, apply it with sponges: of the Mass you may make a Cataplas. aed. Axung. ung. basil. an. ℥ ij. Let it be applied presently after the foment. Emp. de vigo cum Merc. is excellent; after tear them with thrusting in and out a leaden Catheter, and let it bleed freely; It being torn, use this powder, ℞ herb. Sabin. in umbr. exsicc. ʒij. ocrae, Antimon. Tutiae pp. an. ʒs. f. pull. subtiliss. vel unguent. ros. & sublimat. Apply these upon a little wax candle depressed in the part where you put the medicament, or lap a fine linen cloth about it armed, or a little tent made of cloth sewed with a needle, and thrust in with a small Probe; if it be painful, detract from the subli. or use this, ℞ Mercur. pp. ʒs. vitriol. ad rubedin. Calcin. ℈ s. Mercur. sub. & opii electi, an. gr. vj. ung. ros. ʒij. f. Unguent. in mortario. To ease pain, inject this, ℞ aq. ros. & alb. ov. conquass. simul. vel ℞ Succ. portulac. plantag. solan. & semper vivi, an. ℥ s. alb. ovor. N. vj. agitentur diu. mortario plumb. inject it: warm milk, & ol Amygd. is good also: Thus do till the Caruncle be wasted. After to heal take whites of eggs, beaten them long in a basin, than let them stand till the water remain in the bottom; to which add as much Plantain and Rose water, with a little Camphire, & Troch. Ras. & parum bol. arm. with a very small quantity of green Coperas finely powdered, strain it, and inject. Continued it till it be whole, and if pain require, use milk. For your ordinary drink, use that in Lithotomy, composed of Agariei. etc. Observe, accidents are carefully to be withstood, and universal means used.   

CHAP. VII. De Scorbuto.  
IN which we shall be as brief as may be, 
Scorbuto.  and apply ourselves to be as profitable as we can to the Sea Chirurgeon.  
It's a disease wherein the Spleen is affected, being depraved of its proper use, which is, not rightly concocting the proper aliment; or, an ill habit of the body arising from a melancholy humour; yet that crude, serous, ichorous, and associated with phlegm possessing the whole body, especially the Hypochondria, offending not only in quantity, but quality, being peculiarly corrupted, the external causes, especially at Sea, being salt meats, want of fresh clothing, nastiness and foulness of Cabins, being long time at sea, and ill air.  
Signs are many, 
Signs.  a general laziness and i'll disposition of all parts and faculties saving the stomach, which is often better than ordinary; discolouring of the skin, with darkish blue spots, especially the thighs, swelling of the legs and thighs, stinking breath, spitting, difficulty of breathing, especially when they move; tumour, putrefaction and blecding of the gums, looseness of teeth, coldness and stiffness of the sinews and legs, cramp, Atrophia of the thighs and legs, fever, the pulse and urine various. Many more might be added, as great swelling tumours of the thighs, etc.  
Good diet is necessary, 
Cure.  but at Sea cannot especially in long voyages be obtained, therefore where they touch, all necessary provision is to be made that is to be had; being sure they take with them such comfortable things as may be useful, as wine, sngar, spices, etc. which as there is need, are to be called for by the Chirurgeon, who as he is to be careful about the sick, so also to see who is missing, and to be frequently ask of the health, that so the disease may be timely taken, and great danger prevented; seeing withal their Cabins be sweet. It's controverted whether purging should not precede bleeding, all holding a clyster should be first given; with submission, I think, a bowl before is better, for by that means the stomach and first ways will be cleansed from those crudities which after bleeding may be drawn up, if not purged away. ℞ Elect. diacatholic. lenit. an. ℥ s. Crem. tart. ʒs. Spir. vitriol. gut. v. sac. q. s. f. bol. the next day, if there be strength bleed first the Hemorods', than arm, but not too much. The next day after, humours should be begun to be prepared, but this at Sea seldom used, though it may be performed for 3 or 4 days, cum Cremor. Tar. vel Tartar. vitriol. in aq. Melis. absinth. & syr. Scelo●yr b. Foresti. For purging, it must rather be gentle, and often reiterated, than strong; those in use at Sea, are these; Pil. Euphorb. Ruffi, Cambogia, Aquil. laxativa id est Mercur. dull. (especially if there be a fullness or swelling; as also pil. Tartar. Quer. Let your dose be according to the strength of the Patient. After the exhibition of the purge, prepare for the Patiented an oatmeal caudle of beer or Wine, with the yolk of an egg, and a little butter, and given to drink, or some broth made of currants and raisins, with some nutmegs, mace, etc. for his ordinary drink, barley water is not amiss, with some few drops of Cinnamon water, or juice or syrup of Lem. or ol. vitriol. & Sacchar. In his drink may be infused dried wormwood.  
For specific medicines, these are in use. Syr. vel. potius Succ. Limon. Tamarinds, limes, Oranges, Turnips; these are excellent preservatives, especially the juice of lemons, as also Turnips, which may be extracted after baking, and with Sugar sweetened or boiled into a syrup. Syrup. scelotyr. is this, ℞ Succ. Cochlear. bekabung. an. lb 3. Sacc. oped. lb ij. coq. simul & S. f. Syr. This following is excellent, ℞ succ. Cochlear. lb ij. Succ. Limon. lb j ℥ xij. Spir. vini, ℥ fourteen. add. si plac. Sacc. alb. q. s. It may be made a syrup to preserve; dose of these, two or three spoonful, fasting two hours: after to your juice of Lem. you may add to a dose a spoonful of aq. vitae. ol. vitriol. is good, as many drops as will make a cup of beer, water, or rather wine a little sour: and observe, some of all the former things may be added to your purges; Diatrion piperion first and last is good; as also Theriac. diatessar. Lond. conser. ros. absinth. cum ol. vitrioli, green Ginger, rosa so●is, aq. absinth. etc. To sweat after purging, use Theriac. Lond. CC. usti. Aurum vitae diaph. sal. ahsinth. etc. Here is a description of an Aurum vitae much praised and used, having had many testimonies; ℞ Q. V Auri d●ssol. in aq. regis deinde affunde ol. Tartar. donec aq. regis lb j albescat postremo post decantationem aq. regis, aq. Pura ablue sedimentum deinde calcina. S. A. dosis gr. ij. ad ℈ s. This is good in the Plague, and all diseases wherein sweeting is necessary. Urine, if necessary, is also to be provoked.  
Extreme costiveness being an ordinary associate, use Glisters, Supos. Purges; especially Mercur. d. A clyster may be framed of a decoct. of the roots of Althaea, Sem. Lini. & faengr. vel fursur. to a pint, of which add Hier. pic. ʒij. Sal. Com. Coch. ½. also broth from the beef kettle with the foresaid things in stead of hier. picr. pull. arthritie. ʒj. If you find a stoppage, let a fine rag dipped in oil be carried up with your pipe, as far as you can, and than draw back your pipe a little, and so deliver it: If there be inflammation or excoriation in the bowels, use a clyster composed only brann and dear, or swine's fat, for 2 or 3 days, than adding acatiae ℥ j vel gallar. ʒij.  
Having briefly done with the disease, we come to the symptoms which are not all necessary to be treated of, as Horstius well observes; for the disease being cured, many of them will vanish; (some reck on up 43, others 23.) We shall begin as he, so also Woodall, with those   

CHAP. VIII. Of the mouth.  
AND here Lotions are to be sharp and astringent, if the gums be much tumefied, stink, & be putrified, than first lance them, after rub them well with a cloth wet in a decoct. as, ℞ Bistort. cum rad. Tormentil. an. M ij. Malicor. ℥ ij. Rhois obson. ℥ j coq. in aq. lb ij. to lb j Col. ad. alumʒij. Mel. ros. ℥ ij. flor. Aegyptiac. ʒij. Misce. vel ℞ unguent. Aegyptiac. ʒij. Mel. ros. ℥ j Spir. vitrio. gut. xuj. This is excellent also in Ulcers in the mouth, in Lue Venerea; vel ℞ vitriol. alb. vel roman. ℥ ij. aq. lb j Mel. Coch. ij. coq. ad consumpt. 3 part. add. sal. prunellae ℥ s. Misce.   

CHAP. IX.  
FOR a spurious Palsy, and tumours that possess the things, or other part. Foment. are good made of a Lixivium, wherein is boiled Cham. Melilot. dil. absinth. balm, rosemary, thym●, sage, bay berry, juniper berries, Sem. anis●, faenic. Caruj, Coriand. aneth. etc. it's to be applied with stuffs, and the mass of herbs applied; after anoint ol. Cham. Castor, Laur. aneth. Lumbric. Spic. aq. vit. etc. As also Vng. populeon. dialth. Martia. the part after must b● kept warm.   

CHAP. X. Ulcers.  
BEcause in this disease the body is diversely affected, therefore the medication of the Ulcers may require the like, if there be a hydropical inflation of the whole body, than Ulcers will require more desiccation, as ung. diapomph. de Minio, rub. desiccativ. alb. camphor. cris usti Secretum: If the body be consumed, than use Basilic. L●. Arcei, ung. Nicotian. and observe where obstructions of Liver and Spleen remain, there the Ulcers are difficult of curation. This is much to be admired, that after the disease hath been of long continuance, yet coming on shore, without much ado hath cured them; and observe, few diseases hap to Seamen, but what the Scurvy hath a part in, therefore a preservation from this, would free them from the danger of most other diseases. We shall conclude this only, describing some proper medicines which may be for use when you come to land in any place. ℞ decoct. Hord. lb j vin. albi, ℥ iiij. rapha. agrestis minutim concisi, ℥ ij. fol. cochlear. M iij. contusa & expressa sine coctione in Saccum transferantur de quo manè & vesperi cyathus assumatur. vel ℞ absinth. granor. juniper. contusorum, an. Mj. lac. caprin. lb iiij. coq. ad. 3 partis cons. colaturae add. croc. pull. ʒj. denu● ebulliant fervore uno aut altero secund● colentur. Give of it 3 times a day● morning, noon, and at going to bed. For want of goats, milk, sheep, or cows, will serve; Wierus saithe this hath cured an infinite: or take Scurvy grass, stamp and strain it with posset drink made of thinn scummed milk, turned with read or white wineger, using only so much as will turn it. Let the Patiented drink of it half a pint every morning fasting for 14 days together, forbearing strong beer, salt meats, milk, fruit, and cheese, letting the drink at meats be whey if it can be had, or else small ale; if the teeth be lose, for 2 or 3 morning's brooklime.   

CHAP. XI. Fluxes of the Belly.  
DIvers are these Fluxes; 
Fluxes of the belly.  Fernel. reduceth them to 4, Caeliaca, when the excrements are cast out white, light, and equal, saith Hild. or when the Aliment received, is east out crude and imperfectly concocted. The causes are, first obstruction of the Liver, Spleen, and Mesaraicks, which hinders distribution of the Chylus. 2 The weakness of the retentive quality. 3 Too much gurmandizing, as also eating green fruit; hence children are frequently troubled with it. The 2 is,   

CHAP. XII. Lienteria.  
When the meat is cast out as it was received, 
Lienteria.  and is caused either from a crude pituite, and glutinous humour in the stomach and intestines; and so the expulsive faculty is above measure stirred up, or from the weakness of the retentive faculty, which is frequently deadly: These two only we see differ in degrees, and therefore may in cure be put together.  
If there be strength, first give a vomit, as Sal. vitriol. ℈ ij. vel gum. cambog. gr. xij. vel Aquilae vitae 1. gr. Mercur. vitae gr. iiij. After which, if he can, let him sleep fasting; if not, give him a little aq. Cinam. but rather let that alone, and the next day give him a gentle purge with rhab. & myrob. vel pil. mastic. than corroborated cum aq. cinam. and give conser. of slowes, or quinces; or of this; ℞ conser. ros. antiq. ℥ vj. Theriac. oped. ʒij. Mivae cydon. q. s. f. opiate. de qua capiat. ℥ s. manè. drinking nothing upon it; outwardly to the stomach you may apply a bag of wormwood, Mints besprinkled with rose water and vinegar. Here Mitbrid. nutmegs, diatrion. piper. diatessar. are good; if need be, laudanum is to be exhibited; if flux continued, and rest be wanting, Does. gr. iij. external gum. Tachamahaca. is excellent.   

CHAP. XIII. Diarrhaea.  
THis is 3 kind, and is most frequently, 
Diarrhaea.  if not always Symptomatical, and therefore beneficial to the body. If it be not of too long continuance. Some define it to be a waterish flux, and sometimes mixed with humours and slime; in others, all humours are cast out, especially choler, yet corrupted, without pain.  
This is not to be presently stayed, 
Cure.  but rather let alone 4 days at lest, or till the Patient is sensible he grows weak, than you may administer a purge; as, rhab. torref. (i e. dried as Tobacco) ℈ ij. or the infusion thereof in aq. Card. vel. vin. aut aq. S. vel ℞ rhab. electiʒj. Myrob. citri. ʒs. Santal. citri. & rubr. an. ℈ s. infund. in aq. plantag. in express. dissol. rhabar. pull. ʒs. syr. rosar. ℥ j Vomiting here may be beneficial, sometimes to revel and evacuate the morbific matter; and if strength be present, and blood abound, open a vein; Yet in the beginning. After purging, use this clyster, ℞ Hord. integri, p. ij. furfur. macri, & rosar. rub. an. p. j Liquir. ros. & passul integra. an. ℥ j coq. ad lb j in colat● dissol. Sacc. alb. ℥ j & vitel. ovor. Nij● f. Enema. Apply warm  to belly and fundament; and if these prevail not, use Laudanum: thi● opiate is good, ℞ conser. ros. antiq. ℥ s. Cydonior. con. ʒj. pull. Tormentil. ℈ j bol. Arm. ℈ s. cum Saecc. f. bol. which reiterate often.   

CHAP. XIV. Dysenteria.  
IT's a bloody or purulent dejection with pains and torments of the belly, 
Dysenteria  proceeding from an ulcer of the intestines, caused from acrid and biting humours, i.e. all kinds of choler and salt phlegm; this comprehends under it all kind of bloody fluxes. Hildanus reduceth them to 4 kinds: 
Signs.  1 As when blood comes forth sincere; and this happens after dismembering, or obstruction of the Menses, or Hemorods'. To cure which, if the sick be plethoric and strong, open a vein, and repeat it, and let the diet be sparing and thin. The 2 kind is, when the flux is like water, wherein flesh hath been washed; after 3 or 4 days purge with the infusion in diarrhea, of rhei, Myr. etc. after give diarrhod. abbot. Troch. de rhab. 3 Kind, is, when that which is ejected is black; these are improperly called Dysenteries; therefore we come to the 4 kind, which is the proper.  
The causes and signs are already handled, 
Prognost.  we come to some Prognostics. Sometimes it's contagious and kills many, if from adust choler, deadly; if it hap after long diseases; if upon it come a dropsy, blue spots behind the ear, if not appeased by fit remedies; if there come like pieces of flesh, a hicket; after long continuance of the Flux great thirst, deadly; if there be belchings, changing of the Excrements to the better, proceed from choler, it's good.  
This happening as well at Land as at Sea, 
Cure.  we shall therefore prescribe first what diet, and what of it may be had at Sea, may be taken. Those things are to be used that are of good nourishment, as broths, caudles; in your broths boil the roots of Tormentil, bistort. fol. acetoes, Borag, etc. This is excellent, Lumbric. terrest. Lot. & concis. cumque carne Veru. coct. Give the Patient of it to drink, it hath been often tried, Almond-milk is excellent, jellies and strong broths of cocks are good; steeled water is good, or beer wherein barley hath been boy led; tinctura rosar. Purging is to be after reiterated either daily, or every other day. Rhabarb. is accounted the best, either given in powder with broth, or in infusion Cum aq. plantag. add. aq. Cinam. vel ℞ rhabar. Tosti ℈ iiij. Syr. ros. S. ℥ i s. aq. Hord. ℥ ij. Misce f. p. vel ℞ Tamarind. ℥ s. Myroba. citr. ʒij. coq in aq. Hord. & plantag. in colat. infund. rhab. ʒj s. Santal. citr. ℈ s. colat. ℥ iiij. add. Syr. ros. ℥ j If there be nauseousness in the stomach, vomit; as ℞ Sal. vitriol: ʒs. Syrup. cydon. aq. betonic. an. ℥ j aq. Cina. ʒx. Misce. Great dissension there is about bleeding, but if it be in the beginning, the Patient be feverish, and intestines be inflamed, which is not seldom; if there be Ulcers, than some may be taken away from the Basilic. in the right arm. To ease pain and torment, use glisters of milk, with yolks of eggs, ol. ros. vel amygd. dull. ℥ iij. vel iiij. in broth is excellent: ol. ovorum for easing pain, and curing excoriats is good; if these do not, to the clyster of milk add Mucilag. Sem. Cydon. & faenugr. an. ʒij. ol. ros. ℥ iij. opii gr. iij. vel laud. gr. iiij, v, vel vj. this last may be given inward twice or thrice repeated, 4 hours between. For excoriations, a decoct. of bran (not too slimy) with Dear suet, and yolk of an egg, if you can get it. If there be gripe (being at sea, milk cannot be got) take the foresaid decoct of brann or meal, boiling in it such of these herbs as you have; Cham. Centaur. Absinth. Hyperic. Sem. Anisi, Faenicul. Aneth. Cymin. adding after the boiling 2 or 3 spoonfuls of rosa solis, vel aq. vit. as also Dear suet ℥ ij. cerae ℥ s. To heal, ℞ caput. vervec. per medium Sectum, Lingua cum cerebr. exempt. bul. in ss. q. aq. donec caro ab ossibus separ●tur jur. col. add. summit. Hyperic. Mij. vel iij. rad. tormentil. crass. modo Contus. ℥ ij. infund. per hor. 3, vel 4 super cineres calid. f. ll. vel ℞ aq. hord.. lb j vitel. ovor. N. ij. Sacc. Tho. ℥ ij. f. Enem.  
To strengthen the stomach, a syrup made of equal parts of Succ. absinth. & Menth. is excellent to stay the Flux. Nutmeg is exceeding profitable, as also Heart's horn burnt, bezoar; Succ. plantag. Rice pottage, or broths wherein knot grass and Plantain is boiled; or this, ℞ Terr. sigil. CC. usti praep. cum aq. plantag. & centumnod. Margar. praep. Coral. pp. croc. mart. an. ʒij. misce f. pull. does. to a child ℈ i vel s. to elder ʒs. to men ʒi. in aq. plant. vel centumnod. Some highly commend flour of wheat tied hard in a cloth, close together, and boiled 3 or 4 hours; after of the powder give ʒii. or ℞ aq. ros. Goch. two. Cinam. ℥ two. amygd. Valentiae, ℥ iiij. bruise the Cinam. and boil it in aq. lb iij. till lb ij. be consumed, than reserve that decoction; than add the same quantity of water to the former, Cinam. and boil it as before; after beaten your almonds unblanched, adding some of the former decoct. and than strain it, and so do till you have all the substance of the Almonds, after add rose-water, two spoonfuls, and as much Sugar as will sweeten it, and let the Patiented drink of it at his pleasure. This is highly commended in all Fluxes. Take claret wine a pint, burn it with a sprig or two of rosemary, than sweeten it with sugar, or boil it in the wine, after add of rhabarb. toasted ʒjs. Myrobal. Chebul. ʒj. infuse them a night by the fire, straining it forth in the morning; Give it at twice fasting, it stays the Fluxes in four days, strengthens the stomach & inward parts. This is is to be observed, if the Flux be accompanied with malignity, add Cordials to what you administer, as Mithrid. Th●ria●. Lond. Venet. Confec. Alker. Liberan. & belzoar. Of all which, saving the last, given in your clyster is excellent: Take heed of forcing the belly when you go to stool, and sit not too long, and after apply hot  to the fundament and belly, being sure you go not to ease yourself in the cold air.   

CHAP. XV. Tenesmus.  
IT's a desire to go to stool, 
Tenesmus.  and yet no excrement avoided, except a little blood, and filthy matter like snivel, with pain.  
From an Ulcer in Intestine. rect. 
Causes.  which is caused as that in Dysentery; from cold getting to those parts, by sitting on cold stones, etc. it may also come from inflammation, Narcotick ointments, salt humours, worms, choler.  
If in it the Patient eat and drink well, there is no danger; 
Prognost.  if of long continuance it causeth swooning, and diseases of the head, Colic and Iliack passion, in women with child; and after a dysentery it's ill, and hard to be cured.  
If it be from sharp humours, 
Cure.  purge with Rhab. and give glisters of the decoct of mutton an wax. If from inflammation, which is known by a fever, let blood in the arm; if that prevail not, use the Leeches, which is excellent. If from cold, apply to the fundament flor. Cham. coc. in vin. Maluatic. and sit upon a sponge dipped in it, and wrung out; after fomenting, Velure ℞ flor. Cham. ros. an. Mj. vini rub. lb j infund. p. 2. boras supra civeres calidos. Foment the part with it, and apply a spnnge as before; fumes are here good, as frankincense and pitch cast upon coals, and the Patient sit close over the fume. Velure ℞ Mastic. ʒj. Thur. ℈ j Myrtill. ʒjs. ros. rub. ℈ ij. f. pull. pro suffumigio. Suppositories in this profit much, as Goat's suet cut into the form of a suppository; or this which cured one after a dysentery; ℞ Myrrh. Croci, Siyrac. calamit. an. ʒs. opii ℈ j bdell two, aloes. an gr. 18. cer. cit. q. s. f. Sup. To ease pain, a clyster ex decoct. flor. Cham. add. laud. gr. vj. is excellent; your glisters must not be above lb s. and the glyster-pipe not put in above two finger's breadth, and given often: for to anoint withal after fomentation; ℞ ol. ros. cham. lumbric. axung. hum. an. ℥ j Misce f. Lin. To give present ease, let two bags be filled with wheat bran, and steeped in boiling vinegar, and the Patient sit thereon as hot as may be suffered, and as they cool, change them.   

CHAP. III. De Colico dolore. 
Colico dolore.   
IT's a pain in the Colon, and is either from wind, phlegm and choler; sometimes the worms and hardness of the excrements; as also inflammation of the bowels.  
If wind, it's easy cured, 
Signs.  the pain is especially on the left side, the belly is extended, there is heard a murmuring noise. If of phlegm, there is a biting and pricking pain; in the former is also vomiting, nauseousness, as also a retention of the Faeces. If from choler, there is great dryness, immoderate heat, vomiting choler, the urine fiery, and mouth bitter. If from inflammation, there is burning fever, a sharp heat in the bowels, often vomiting choler, insatiable thirst, looseness, suppression of urine.  
If it give not place to fit remedies, 
Prognost.  than there is biting humour possesseth the Tunicles of the bowels; if the disease yield thereto, if there be good breathing its good, if pustles upon the belly, cold sweats, often sobbing, or the hicket be present, is deadly.  
Those caused by wind, 
Cure.  phlegm, and hardness of the excrements may receive the same cure, first beginning with an emollient clyster, after which a carminative and discussing. Which if the pain be desperate is to be reiterated twice, thrice or four times a day, but if one cluster or two provoke not the belly, than give a sharp Suppository: If there be present a nauseousness, give a vomit. Your Clyster may be composed thus; ℞ 4 Herb. emol. an. Mi. rutae flor. cham. melilot. an. Ms. sem. anisi, carui, de base. Laur. an. ʒij. coq. in aq. Col. lb ℥ fourteen. ad. elect. diaphan. benedict. Lax. an. ℥ s. de bacc. Laur. ʒiij. ol. rutae Aneth. an. ʒj. s. Misce, f. Clyst. To this if you add aq. bened. well shaked ℥ iij. will be excellent; vel ℞ diaphaenic. diacath. an. ℥ j pull. Holland. ʒij. cl. rutae. ℥ j Lac. q. f. f. Enem. After this is come away, cast in a pint of Sack hot, which seldom fails. Use Foment. Catapl. and anointings with the decoct. of the first clyster herbs and oils. For Specificks, Bulls pisle in powder ℈ j in Sack, urine drank ℥ viij. cum mel. despumat. decoc. flor. Cham in vino alb. Mannae ℥ i s. ol. Amygd. d. ℥ ij. given in broth. ℞ aloes oped. ʒj. Laud. opiate. gr. iiij. diagrid. gr. vj. Misce. Forment. pil. uj deauratae. give them at a fit hour, they ease in an hour, and after evacuate the noxious humours. ℞ euphorb. pull. gr. fourteen. bacc. laur. gr. xxviij. pull. Subtle. f. Mass. pill. cum Theriac. venet. all these are excellent. If of choler, give vomit, cool glisters, purge gently, and if need be open a vein in the Arm, unless the Faeces and urine be suppressed, than in the foot. If from inflammation, open a vein both in arm and foot, and give cooling and anodyne glisters and juleps.   

CHAP. XVII. De Iliaco dolore. 
Iliacuo dolour.   
THis is a miserable disease, and herein the Patient dies miserably, in the vomiting of his own excrements; the pain is in the small guts, below the navel, saith Zacutus. Others above, and towards the right side, urine suppressed, coldness of the extreme part, and whole body, and great difficulty of breathing.  
If there be with it a distillation of urine, 
Prognost.  (without an ague ensue) Delirium; Convulsion, casting up the excrements, and they stink much, as also the wind which is discharged upwards and downwards, it's ill and deadly; if the pain remove, it's of less danger.  
It's caused either of hardness of the excrements, inflammation, or winding of the bowels.  
For the first, 
Cure.  give emollient glisters made of the decoction of Althaea Malu. viol. etc. or only of common oil, or the decoct. of the intestines, and cawl of a sheep, with honey butter and salt gemm; or a decoct. made of rad. althaea, symphy. maj. Sem. lini. saenug. base. laur. ol. aneth. pull. Arthr. vel Hier. ʒj. purging may be here used, as pull. Arthrit. ʒj. in vino vel cerevifia or mercur. d. Upon the belly apply Emol. This is excellent; Cows dung new made and gathered, apply it thrice a day: inwardly exhibited is a a pound of the call of a Ram dissolved, which is exceeding profitable; Wolveses dung is good.  
If of inflammation, let blood both in arms and feet; apply the Cups with scarific. to the groins; use this clyster, ℞ rad. althaeae ℥ ij. fol. malu. viol. an. Mj. Sem. Cucurbit. ℥ s. Sem. lini. psyll. an. ʒij. flor. nymph. & rosar. an. p. 1. flor. cham. p. s. f. decoct. in cujus lb j dissol. ol. ros. ℥ ij. Cassiae rec. ex tr. ℥ j f. Even. Of the mass you may make Catapl. and apply. After bleeding, give ol. Amygd. ℥ ij. vellini. & Sacc. Let the drink be aq. board.  
If from twisting of the bowels, which is either caused of Enterocele, than cure as there; or of wind, than give what is prescribed in Colic; if that do not, set a pair of bellowss to the fundament, and blow therein wind, and after cast in an emollient clyster with Troch. alhandal. bullets besmeared with quicksilver are good, or quick silver itself 3 or 4 Ounces or more; giving before both ol. amygd. d. ℥ iiij. cum vino & aq. parietariae.   

CHAP. XVIII. Calenture. 
Calenture.   
IT's a contagious Fever assaulting the Seamen sometimes without, otherwhiles with fits, which is hot and cold in some, and that very violent.  
The intemperature of the climate causing an ill habit in the body, 
Causes.  by the contagious air, ill diet, strong obstructions.  
A Delirium, 
Signs.  the head being affected, when rest of the body is without any manifest distemper; they think the Sea a true meadow, and assay to go in.  
It consisteth chief in Cordials, 
Cure.  which is either to be used to preserve or cure; these strengthen the faculties, and defends them from the venomous danger of the disease in Evacuation; therefore a Cordial is to be exhib. as ℞ mithrad. ℈ j Theriac. Lond. vel diatessar. ʒs. Syr. Lim. ℥ j aq. plantag. vel ss. ℥ iij. Spir. vitr. gut. vj. one or two hours after you may give another dose. Or ℞ Consect. Alker. vel liberant. CC. usti, an. ℈ ij. Theriac. Lond. diascord. an. ʒs. Syr. Lim. vel acetoes. citri, ℥ j aq. sperm. ran. vel pap. errat. ℥ iij. Spir. vitr. q. s. ad great. aciditatem; Forthwith also let him have a suppository or clyster; and so soon as he hath had a stool, let blood plentifully: if strengthwil bear. Appoint no diet for 2 or 3 days but thin broth, panadoes, etc. if there be need of purging, mercur. dull. if of vomit, mercur. vit. the first in a Pill, or aq. plantag. ℥ iij. & Syr. viol. ℥ j vel ℞ Elect. Lenit. ʒuj. vel ℥ j Cremor. Tart. ℈ ij. confect. Alker. ℈ j f. bol. cum Sacc. Aurum vitae is also good to procnre sweat, which is profitable. To 'cause rest, give ladan. vel ℞ diacod. & Syr. pap. err. an. ʒuj. aq. pap. errat. & sperm. ran. an. ℥ js. aq. theriac. misce f. p. exhib. hor. somni. For his ordinary drink, take either a decoction of barley, with liquoric. or ℞ Corn. Cer. usti, ℥ j aq. lb vj. coq. ad consume. 3. part. tunc remove ab igne postea add. Syr. Limon. ℥ ij. aq. rosar. ℥ iiij. Sacc. q. s. ad. dulcor & Spir. vitr. q. s. ad gratam aciditatem. To conclude, observe in all Seadiseases too much purging, bleeding, and thin diet is dangerous at Sea, and will bring your Patient to the Scurvy; for generally every sickness at sea terminates there, and that often unlades itself by a Flux with death.   

CHAP. XIX. Arthrididis Curatio.  
ARhtritis is the Gout, 
Arthrididis curatio.  a general denomination, therefore comprehends all pains in the joints, though there is and may be several names given according to the joint affected, yet all may receive cure from this, except that commonly called Sciatica, which shall next be treated of.  
It's caused from sharp, salt, and serous humours, inordinate diet; sometimes it's hereditary, the humours have in them an occult malign quality.  
It's generally hard to be cured. 
Cure.  Three things herein is to be performed. 1 To hinder the matter flowing to the affected part. 2 To remove that impacted. And 3 to ease pain in the mean time. For the first of these: 1 It's most fit to open a vein, if there be plenty, and phlegm abound not. If the right arm be affected, open one in the left; if the right foot, than the right arm, etc. if there be strength take enough at once, if not, reiterate it, taking less. For purging, it's to be used not only at the beginning, but after: but observe first, they are to be strong, otherways they will rather move than evacuate humours, and that which is moved will fall upon the part, and cause more pain. 2 When you purge, apply defensitives to the part, and rulers wet in oxycrate. 3 In your purges let there be some specificks, vomiting is also exceeding good in those that can easily vomit, but it must be gentle and after purge. The purges are these, Pul. Arthriticus. ℞ fol. Senator Turbith. gum. Hermod. diagrid. oss. Human. calcinat. an. ℥ s. f. pull. subtle. does. ʒj. You may frame it into an Electuary with Sugar dissol. in a convenient water, as aq. Ivae arthritic. elect. Caryocostinum, pil. Cath. ℈ j Zalapium diaphaenic. diacartha. After purging use Diaphoreticks. Yet here is to be noted, if the Gout invade with a Fever, hot Sudorificks are not to be administered but such as are temperate; as Cor. Cer. crud. vel usti in aq. Card. ben. vel ipsum. Receive a preparation of it which is excellent. Take Harts horn and burn it white, after which extinguish it in Eldern vinegar, do thus 6 times, dosis ℈ j ad ℈ ij. it causeth sweated more than Bezoar. Here also may be nsed Antimon. diaphor. & Aurum vitae. but in diuturnal affects, and where a Fever is absent, you may use the decoct. of Sarsapar. China, Sasafr. adding some cooling herbs; and after sweeting take some broth altered with the same herbs, viz. Cicbor. endiu. acetoes. borag. 
Ruland.  Ruland commends this as tried, ℞ Centaur. min. Mij. rad. Asari, ℥ ij. bul. in aq. lb x. ad medias, & colat. capiat. ℥ viij. calid. manè. for divers days, and sweated. 
Herinus.  Herinus adviseth to fweat with a decoct of Sarsap. for 40 days, but you had than best intermit every 3, 4, or 6 day, and purge. Forestus highly commends rad. 
Forestus.  Bardanae boiled in Beer, and administered hot: Baths are good in the beginning of the Fluxion. Betwixt times of purging give Juleps that do cool and thicken, yea, if necessity be, exhibit Narcoticks, the fittest is Theriac. recens often reiterated, ʒs. velʒj. cumtamillo bol. oped. Landau. Parac. is also good.  
Now because pain is most in this, therefore such things as ease pain is to be applied; as milk warm used with stuffs, or rather milked upon the part, or a Catapl. made of milk, white bread, yolks of eggs & saffron; vel ℞ Micae pan. alb. in lact. rec. macerat. ℥ iij. rad. consolid. mayor. in lact. coct. pinsan. & trajici. Medul. panis, tosti & itidem cocti, an. ℥ ijs. Medul. cass. rec. extract. ℥ ij. Mucilag. sem. psyl. & Cydon. extract. in aq. verbasci, & Sper. ranar. ℥ iiij. Sper. cet rec. A●●ung. buman, an ℥ js. Croc. in pull. redact. ʒj. misce f. Catap. This may be written with a Nunquam fall axe. ℞ vit. ov. Nx. conquassentur in frixorio cum lb s. ol. ros. coquantur leniter ad inspissationem, add. Croci, ʒij. & Calid. applic. Sal. Saturni in spir. vin. tenuiss. dissolutum mire dolores sedat, ol. ex pedibus vituli extractum praestantissimum est: The oil or water of frogs are excellent, especially the latter; in the use of which, one in Leieestershire did not only grow so famous as to commence Doctor-frog, but also got a good estate, the receipt where of was communicated to me by a near friend of his, which here take with the use. Take the spawn of Frogs in its season, fill an earthen pot, therewith cover it well with a slate or tile, and set it in the ground half a foot deeper than the pot is high, covering it with earth; let it stand for 2 or 3 weeks, in which time it's turned to water, than strain it, and keep it in bottles; which use thus; heat upon a Chaffingdish of coals very hot, as much as is needful, and with woollen stuffs bathe the pained part very well, and as hot as can be endured, after dip a Scarlet cloth or read in it hot about the grieved part, & upon that a dry cloth, and so go to bed. If need be, dress it so again the next morning.  
For a Narcotick, in case of necessity to be used, receive this; ℞ Spir. viniper croci infusionem flavescentis, ℥ iiij. Camphor. ℈ j bull. parum dcind. dissolve opiiʒj. eoque liquore pars dolens illinatur: Tutum, & efficacissimum est remedium. For repellers, unless in the very beginning, and flux be hot, they are not proper alone, therefore to be mixed with Anodynes. For derivation after sufficient evacuation of the body, the Leeches to the part affected especially if the veins be swoollen is exceeding good. Resolvers may be used in various forms; as ol. Castor. Scorpion, ol. cerae, ol. ex ossibus humanis: ℞ pull. ros. rub. ℥ ij. Mastic. ℥ j camph. ʒs. far. Hord. lb s. c●q. in uno albo continuè agitando donec inspissetur, & calid, applicetur Emp. ℞ Empl. diapal. vino rubro austero soluti & ad vini consume. cocti lb j. Myrtil. ros. rub. mastic. tartari vini rubri pulver. an. ʒij. Chamaep. & cham. odorati veri pulver. an. ʒjs. f. Emp. applicandum ubi tumor valdè imminutus fuerit. In daily and contumacious pains, especially from a cold cause, apply vesicatories, with which Varandaeus cured a great and contumacious tumour of the knee, which other Physicians could not effect, with purge, sweatings, and outward aphlicatis on's; note this, that men being of various temperament, and also humours, that especial care be had to the choice of proper medicaments.  
Sometimes in the Gout there happens knotty bunches, which if they be old are of hard curation, if new, may be thus conquered. Use first emollient decoct. for Foment. after use ol. Ranar. which is this, ℞ ranar. fluviat. Nxij. Lumbricor. Terrest. vino Lot. ℥ iiij. ol. ros. lb ij. in quo coq. summit. Althaeae, Hyoscyam. Chamaepith. flor. verbasc. Sambuc. Hyper. & rosar. lb j deind. misceantur ranae. vivae in ol. donec. moriantur, tum coq. omnia ad dissolute. & ol. colat. atque express. bul. paruns. After apply this; ℞ Succ. Nicotian. ℥ iij. Cer. Citri. ℥ ij. resin. pin. ℥ js. Terebinth. ℥ i, ol. Cham. q. s. f. ceratum molle. vel Empl. ex testis Cochlear. ustis cum acri zytho si desit hoc, utere oxyerato. The decoct. of Sarsap. is good inwardly, in this case plates of lead thin beaten, and besmeared with brimstone, and quicksilver is excellent, if applied a month together.  
For preservation (because though cured, it may return, especially in spring and fall) Let a convenient diet be prescribed, abstain from wine; this drink is excellent, ℞ rad. Zarsap. ℥ ij. Liquir. ℥ j cinam, & anis. an. ℥ s. f. pull. subtle. Coch. 1. misceat. cum ex aq. quantit. quae pro uno pastu sufficit, agitentur in duobus vosis ter, aut quater, postea colentur pro potu ordinario; every meal reiterate it; for evacuat. let blood Spring and Fall if it abound and be hot, in cold bodies forbear. Some advice to let blood in the foot every month. Purge not only in the foresaid time, but also 4 times a year, yea, every month in bodies cacochymical, with the Purges used in the cure; as also these pills; ℞ Aloes oped. ℥ s. rosar. rub. ℈ ij. Hermodact. alb. a cortic. exterioribus mundator. ʒjs. diagrid. ʒj. cum aq. Ivae. Arthrit. & melle ros. f. mass. cujus does. ʒj. Vomiting is also good 2 days a month, having eaten a full supper, either with a feather, or some gentle vomit, de decoct. rad. asari & gonist. After sweated ex decoct. Zarsap. Chin. Sassafras & guaiac. And that the disease may be extirpated; it's good for to take daily for a year such things as are proper. This is admirable saith Zacutus, prax. admire. lib. 2 obs. 169. Terebiuth reduced into powder ℈ j in broth of any fowl, or the liquor; for this doth not only keep open the body without hurt, and carry away mucous phlegm, but strengthens all the internal parts, or this of Donzellinus; ℞ Chamaedr. Chamaepith. centau. minor, Aristol. rotund. Salu. betonic. an ℥ j Lign. Sanct. oped. ℥ viij. Singul. seorsim. contunde in tenuiss. pull. & diligent. misce; does. ʒj. Mane. For many weeks; this was his secret.  
Lastly, let the joint be strengthened with a fomentation made of nerval herbs, to which add some astringents: Anoint cum ol. Myrtin. vel rosar. ℥ ij. Sal. ʒij. Misce f. L. Empl. diachaleit. is good, and that in pag. 191. is excellent continually kept too, Riverius prax. med. p. 562.   

CHAP. XX. Doloris ischiadici Curatio. 
Doloris ischiadici Curatio.   
ALthough this may be comprehended under the former, yet because of the structure and greanesse of the part, it requires something more than the rest to be considered, we handle it alone. Here need not be set down the Causes or Signs; we shall therefore briefly dispatch the Cure.  
And first a clyster or gentle purge premised, 
Cure.  open a vein in the arm of the side pained, after in the foot or hamb of the same side in the Sciatick; to open th' Hemorrhod with Leeches is excellent. Here strong purges are to be given, both galenical and Chemical. Rondelet commends vomiting rather than purging after sufficient evacuation. For externals, at the first use such as resolve, beginning with those more gentle, and less hot after more strong. Use a bath once or twice a day for 2 or 2 days; as ℞ had. bryon. lb ij. rad. ebul. lb j bacc. juniper. lb s. fol. ivae. Arthr. menth. M. j salviae, rorisma. flor. cham. melil. an. M iiij. f. decoct. pro semicupio in principio; boil them in water, and after in water and wine, with the same decoct. you may foment the part pained; bags made of juniper berries bruised, and boiled in wine and applied. To anoint, use ol. Scorp. vel ℞ Succ. rad & fol. ebul. an. ℥ ij. ol. Cham. ℥ vj. bull. ad consump. succ. deind. rad. add. Cerae. q. s. aceti. guttul. aliquot ad pevetrationem, f. Unguent. vel ℞ Axung. human. anseris, gallin. Medullae cruris vituli, cerui, & bovis, an. ℥ ij. ol. vulp. ℥ iij. liques. simul cum aq. salu. Chimic. ivae, Arthr. an. an. ℥ js. ol. de cera, ʒj. Misce simul. add. sub finem aq. vitae, ℥ s. f. Lt. for Cat. ℞ iberidis, Miiij. decoq. in vino & contund. add. far. lup. orobi, & fabar. an. ʒiij. pull. rutae, flor. Cham. & rad. tossed. an. ʒj. ol. Terebimb. ℥ s. ol. Lumbric. q. s. f. Catap.  
To draw out the morbific water, apply the Cups upon the place 4 times repeated without scarificat. Leeches 8 or 10 applied to the part affected. These are also good in the Gout of the hands, feet, and knees after the body is evacuated.  
For Plasters, ℞ cerae citrin. ℥ xuj. Bdell. pull. ℥ v. Colophon. pic. Nau. an. ℥ iiij. Aloes suc●trin. ℥ iij. gum. Amon. ℥ ij. Misce & f. Emp. quod malaxetur ol. ovor. If the pain be pertinacious, apply vesicatories on the hip, make fontinells either in the hamb, or outside of the leg; & if you suspect it to proceed from a Catarrh, make another in the occiput, or behind the ears, which is excellent in all effects from distillations. Through the whole cure glisters are to be frequently used; as ℞ vini generos. lb s. ol. nuc. & rutac. an. ℥ iij. ol. Terebinth. ℥ s. Misce f. Enem. use it as often as pain requires. If the pain proceed from choler or hot humours, than the pain is more sharp and pricking, and every other day worse; the body is lean, he is of bilious constitution, young; if the time be hot, the pain is more hot and sharp. Therefore it's fit to let blood; use purger of choler sometimes gentle, otherwhile strong, by adding diagrid. let julep be cooling, clyster the like, with mollifying, bath with milk, noting that you are rather to incrassate than open. If the pain be extreme, use Narcot. inward especially diacodium, which easeth pain, hinders fluxion, and incrassates the humour; for outward Medicines use to anoint with ol. ros. Lilior, viol. Cham. amygd. d. & Catap. ex Lactue. solan. Endiu. far. board. cum ol. praedict. Sometimes it comes to suppurat. and being opened, causeth a consumption, for which use nonstantly a decoction of Lig. sanct. & rad. Sarsapar, which is exceeding effectual in this desperate case.   

CHAP. XXI. Morbus seu Febris Militaris.  
HOw many Soldiers this hath in these our intestine Wars destroyed, is uncertain; 
Febris Militaris.  and it may be doubtful whether the Sword or it have cut of most. If we consider what havoc it made, not only in Armies, both sides can testify, but also in Garrisons throughout the Kingdom; which sufficiently evinceth the contagiousness thereof.  
If the Causes be inquired after, 
Causes.  an Army will answer for one, where there being so much filth and nastiness in diet, worse lodging, unshifted apparel, can hardly continued long without contagious diseases; but this is not all, the malignity of the air, joined with its intemperature, may be another; but that which is the chiefest, is the finger of God. If you would have a definition wherein internal causes are involved, receive this; It's a putrid continued Fever, both malignant and contagious, which ariseth from pituit and choleric humours heaped up and putrified in the stomach; and first ways, i e. intestines, midriff, and parts adjoining, whence follows a notable alteration of the blood in the liver and whole body.  
Signs are many, 
Signs.  sudden loss of strength without evident cause, and therewith, sometimes swooning and frequent faintness, pain in the head, stomach, and joints, dejection of the appetite, singing of the ears, and difficulty of hearing sometimes, vomiting frequently, fullness of the stomach, pulse sometimes weak, quick, and intermitting, other whiles strong, as I have often observed; as also spots of several colours, large, and in abundance.  
Horstius in lib. de Feb. p. 54. adviseth first to make a strong purge, 
Cure.  as Mechoac. oped. ʒj. Cremor. Tartar. ʒs f. pull & exhib. cum brodio pisorum. And this in the very beginning, unless there be inclination to vomit, than to provoke it, and after to let blood. But with submission, being there is a great deal of malignity in it, and that so fiercely assaulting the spirits, it's good first to exhibit some good Alexiteria to expel this malign Diathesis; For this I have found (which is others experience as well as my own) that if presently upon complaint made, a Cordial was given, and sweated provoked, hath, in not many hours given a delivery from the distemper, which may well be, as one saith, by discussing and expelling Miasma, and Inquinamentum putredinale, before it hath formented or assimulated the whole mass. And by this means only was cured that fatal disease the Sweeting sick: This was the course which I took, before I was privy to others method, which by God's blessing so well succeeded, that of 700 and above Soldiers, and many inhabitants, there was very few died, though few escaped the disease; and many of the Inhabitants died under hand of others, though very able. Upon a complaint, I prescribed and gave them a Cordial, than if the stomach was full, or they inclined to vomit, I gave one, if not a purge, and after let blood. I have with good success let blood first, and presently after giving a Cordial, and than as before. The Cordial usually was compounded of aq. Card. b. acetosae, Scabios. Angelie. Theriacal. cum CC. usto, Theriac. Lond. Mithrid. diascord. To the richer sort, Confect. Alker. Liberant. Hyacinth. For Syrups, Limon. Luiul. Caryopbyl. Contrayer. Bezoar. To some of these to cause rest, I add diacod. or gave Laud, but very seldom; as ℞ aq. Acetoes. papau. err. an. ℥ js. Theriac. Lond. CC. usti, an. ℈ ij. Mithrid. ℈ s. diascord. ʒj. aq. Theriac. ʒiij. Syr. Lim. ℥ ● cum Spir. vitrio. q. s. ad gratam aciditatem. To rest, this; ℞ Syr. papau. err. diacod. an. ʒuj. diascord. ʒj. aq. papau. erratic. ℥ ijs. Theriac. ℥ s. Misce f. pot. exhib. in hor. somni. If they be able, add pull. gascon. & bezoar. all the time of the disease; It's safe to give every night a Cordial, as diascord. ℈ ij. CC. usti ℈ j in Posset drink, wherein is boiled some hartshorn, and marigold flowers, or Theriac Lo. For a vomit, I usually with happy event gave this, ℞ infus. vitri. Antim. ʒuj aq. Hord ℥ ij. oxym. seillit. & syr. de 5. radicibus. an. ʒuj. Misce f. Emet. This or the like did so free from the heap of vicious humours, as that nauseousness, pain, heat, bitterness, and sadness was removed. For purges, I gave strong at the first, more gentle afterwards; as pull. Arthritic. ʒj. in aq. Endiu. ℥ iij. add. Elect. diaph. ʒiij. & Syr. rosar. ℥ j or infusions with Electuaries; sometimes with these I administered Cordials. For bleeding, I did in most take away largely, especially in those the quantity of whose blood distended the vessels, and was burdensome to nature; for if fullness of blood be dangerous, how much more when it's corrupted; wherefore as Galen saith, Lib. 11. the Method. med. It's most safe in all putrid Fevers to let blood. This may be done till the 4 day, the Hemorhods may be opened after. Nay, I have let blood in and after the 6 day, though they have been full of spots, this may be done if there be ingens Morbus & virium robur. Only this is to be noted, where Cacochymia prevails above Plethora, the quantity must be sparingly diminished, and the quality amended. If a reason be demanded, why we let blood when the spots appear, the answer is this, because they being symptomatical rather than Critical, and only putrid vapours, than the matter itself, do discover abundance of putrefaction within, fit to be in part drawn out by phlebotomy.  
Hence I conceive, the spots appearing, and so daunting the Physicians from bleeding, was the cause of the death of so many inhabitants, for they have wondered how I durst do it. Vesicatories applied to the wrists I have found ever excellent, if applied in time. I used that of Horstius, which is this, ℞ Cantharid ℥ s. Terebinth. ʒij. oliban. Myrrh. mastic. Camphor. an. ʒs. ol. ros. cer. an. q. s. f. Empl. They may be applied safely at any time, except on a Critical day: The diet is to be thin, meat not to be allowed; nature having enough to do to eoncoct the morbific matter, and therefore cannot be safely taken of from that employment to concoct meat; therefore give broths altered with the shave of Heart's horn, and cool herbs, as Sorrel, Borage, and opening roots; for exchange, use water-gruel, pannado, caudle, mace ale, or small beer, bread, and nutmeg boiled together, and sweetened with Sugar. In hot fits forbidden not the moderate use of beer if warm, lest the preternatural heat prey to much upon the radical moisture; if it be not well boiled, posset drink is better, wherein Heart's horn is decocted, unto which add Spir. vitriol. The decoction of Heart's horn in the Calenture is good, adding thereto some Alker. & Syr. Acetoes. citri. For preservative, I never used for myself any other than wormwood beer; but for the common Soldiers, they may take a lesser quantity of the former Cordials, or eat rue and sage with bread & butter, the rue and sage they may smell to; an infusion of the two former in wine vinegar with wormwood, is a good preservative. For Diaphoreticks in this disease, which I had almost forgot, beside those Cordials set down, Essentia auri, or CC. ust. praep. cum acet. Sambue. vel ℞ diascord. Fracast. ℈ ij. Lap. Bez●ar. orient. ℈ s. Syr. è Succ. Card. bened. ℥ is. aq. pap. err. ℥ ijs. Misce, f. hausius.   

CHAP. XXII. De Dolore Dentium.  
RIverius Tom. 2. Sect. 5. Cap. 1. 
Dolour. Dentium.  upon Galens assertion in his lib. 5. de compos. med. cap. 8. & 16. de usu partium cap. 2. as also lib. de ossibus, cap. 5. makes this conclusion; dolour igitur non solum nervulis et membranulae interiori, sed etiam ipsi dentium substantia contingit. Which in brief amounts to this, That the pain is not only in the small nerves and membranes, but also in the substance of the tooth, though it be controverted; I shall not oppose it. It's caused from the flowing in of humours which are cold and pituit, or else hot, serous, salt and sharp into the parts aforesaid, as also the gums; most commonly from the head, sometime from the inferior parts; it's also caused from wind, and than the pain is most cruel, and almost unsufferable, as also from the worms. For signs, they need not be set down.  
First, 
Cure.  the pain is to be eased, if it be much, by Narcoticks; as come opiigr. ij. cum croc. aequali parte in bombac. indita vel pil. ex opio & Theriac. Andromac. Ol. Buxi some think hath a stupefactive quality, and is excellent.  
Secondly, the humour offending is to be evacuated by bleeding, if it be from a cold cause take away the less, unless there appear signs of Plethora, and than more may be drawn. If it be from a hot cause, which may be known by the intenseness of pain, and the constitution, than take away liberally, for upon experience, as in all pains, so especially in this its most excellent. It's to be done on the same side: the next day, if the humour be hot, purge with Potions, but otherways with Pills; if pain continued, use Cups with scarifications upon the shoulder blades, but especially Vesicatories under the ears; to stay Fluxion, apply to the tempies Emp. contra Ruptur. or make a plaster of alum, galls, and some pitch; or ℞ Nucum cupress. ros. rub. sem. Nasturtii, terrefact. Mastic. Terr. Sigil. an. ʒjs. macerentur in aceto rosaceo per. bor. 24. postea siccentur & ad. opii in aq. vitae dissol. ʒiij. pic. Naval. Golophon. an. ʒj. cerae flau. in oleis express. sem. byoscyam. & papan. alb. liquatae, q. s. f. Empl. this may be applied to the Artery, or else to the teeth. Velure ℞ Mastic. ʒij. opii ℈ j cantharid. gr. ij. pull. omnia, deind. ℞ Emp. contra Rupt. ʒij. & praedict. Misc. exactiss. f. Empl. and apply as before.  
If it be from a hot cause, than distil into the ear vinegar; in a cold the juice of onions with Theriac. to keep in the mouth this excellent; ℞ rad. pyrethri, & staphyd. agr. an. ʒij. rad. Hyoscy. ℥ j f. decoc. in oxycrat. lb is. ad 3 part. consumpt. Colat. The decoction of the roots of the greater nettle, with a little nutmeg and saffron in equal parts of read wine and vinegar, and hold hot in the mouth is good; and though it may at first seem to increase the pain, yet within a little while it will give ease; Masticatories is good: Stop them if they be hollow with oil of Cloves, Camphor, Thyme; or ℞ ol. Caryoph. ʒjs, solve Camphorae gr. viij. and use it. If there be worms, then ℞ Aloes ℥ j Campbor. ℈ s. aq. vitaeʒs. Misce. If these will not prevail, than they are to be drawn either with Pulicans or Percers, deviding first the gum with the Fleame. Others draw them out by Medicaments, this bearing away the bell, Elleboraster the leaves of it being beaten, and the tooth rubbed with it, covering the rest jest you touch them, with wax. To conclude, some burn the hollow teeth with a wire fit, and others burn them in the ear, which have both been very successful. For the mending of their blackness after they be scaled, if it be necessary, than use the ashes of Tobacco, or powder of Tiles, adding some cloves, nutmegs, and mix them with honey.   

CHAP. XXIII. Immoderate bleeding at the Nose.  
IT's a Symptom rather than a Disease; 
Immoderate bleeding at the Nose.  now every Symptom hath its Morbus; and that is either Organical, which is twofold, viz. the opening the mouths, or rarifying of the vessels; or Common, which is also twofold, viz. the breaking or erosion of the same. The cause of these is blood, 
Cause.  either exceeding in quantity, which openeth the mouths or breaks the veins; or else in quality, and so it rarefies or erodes them: These have also their cause, viz. Outward, and that either immediate, as blows, falls, and wounds, etc. or Mediate, and immoderation in the six Nonnaturalls, which heateth, attenuateth and increaseth the blood. It's sometimes Critical, otherwhiles Symptomatical; the first being either with a Fever, and this must be warily dealt with; sometimes without, when nature being over-burdened labours to exonerate itself, and this is good. Symptomatical, hap especially in chronical diseases.  
If by opening the mouths of the vessels, 
Signs.  the nose bleeds plentifully (as also when they are broken) the face is read, the veins distended. If by erosion, there is ill habit of body, and it gusheth out violently. If from rarefaction, it comes slowly, and thin. If caused from Liver, Spleen, Head, there is pain in those parts. If from the womb, the Menses are stopped, and it may be good.  
If it flow much, 
Prognost.  be of colour pale, livid, green, or brownish, if from debility of the brain. If it be sudden and violent, and accompanied with swoonings, and cold of extreme parts, mortal; if from the womb hard to cure.  
Here bleeding is necessary on the same side it bleeds on, it must be by degrees, often stopping the orifice a while together, but it must be done warily; this I have found prove effectual, when the Patient hath been given over as forlorn. Either before or after this is to be used frictions, ligatures of the extreme parts; Cups upon the same side of the Hypochondries; the nose bleed, or a vein opened in the feet is good. 
Forestus.  Forestus applied the Cups to the feet, and found it effectual. Zacutus, 
Zacutus.  when nothing else would prevail, applied an actual Cautery to the sols of each foot. Apply to the forehead and temples a plaster made of gypsum with vinegar and aq. Sper. ranar. or bowl. Cast cold water upon the face unexpectedly. To the nose, apply upon long tents some of the powder prescribed to stay bleeding, mixed with the white of an egg, and juice of plantain, burn their own blood under their nose. Inwardly take this, ℞ diascord. ℈ iiij. philon. Persic. ʒj. Syr. pap. alb. ℥ j aq. papau. err. aut potius Sper. ranar. ℥ iij. take it cold, it may be given every 12 hours. Sal. prunell. in aq. plantag. for specificks, the juice of nettles given inward to ℥ iiij. taken into the nose often, and mixed with other Medicines. For the temples, etc. hog dung applied to the temples and smelled to, Ass dung used as the other, nay given in broth, drinks, and form into tablets with Sugar, but amongst the rest, saith Riverius this is the most present remedy, Spicae Nardiʒj. in powder with broth, plantain water, or other fit liquor. Many use a dried toad, bloodstones, etc. but a special Friend of mine told me, when upon a Flux at the nose all means had been used by 3 or 4 Physicians, and he given over, he himself being well skilled in Physic prepared a purge and took, and by that he had had a stool it was stayed. Indeed Riverius adviseth to an inveterate flux to purge once a week with this or the like; ℞ Tamarind. ℥ s. fol. plantag. Mj. coq. ad ℥ iiij. in colat. infund. Rhab. electiʒj. Myrob. Citri. ʒs. Spic. nard. gr. seven. in express. dissol. Syr. ros. ℥ j pull. rhab. ℈ j f. pot. Betwixt whiles taking juleps or opiates, that are astringent; as ℞ Conserv. ros. & Mivae Cydonior. an. ℥ j Troch. de Spod. & de Ter. Sigil. an. ℈ j Coral. pp: & Cor. C. uste an ℈ j f. opiate. does. the quantity of a Nut 2 or 3 a day.   

CHAP. XXIV. Haemorhods' diseases.  
TO these veins do hap especially two distempers, that is, 
Hemorhods.  their immoderate flowing and suppression; with the latter is associated pain, inflammation, and Tumour. For the first, it's not necessary to set down the sign●s. The Cure  
Is to be attempted not suddenly, 
Cure.  but when they have continued long, strength gins to fail, the lively colour of the body decays. For cure, bleeding is to be drawn by repetition from the Arm; for it's certain Phlebotomia in omni sanguinis profluvio revulsorium est remedium. Here Frictions and Ligatures, and Cups are necessary to be used, and these often repeated. Purge gently choler, after incrassate the blood, and bind up the veins by fitting juleps, opiates. These Pills also may be used; ℞ pil. de Bdell. ʒj. Troch. de carab. & de Ter. Sigil. an ℈ j cum Mucilag. sem. Cydon. extrac. cum aq. ros. f. mas. Pilular. of which take ℈ j twice a day before dinner and supper. For Topics, a fomentation of mullen boiled in Smith's water, or read wine is excellent. Vng. Comitissae is good, anointing with it the Hemorhods and back. What is used in the bleeding of the nose may be here beneficial; this Syrup is highly commended; ℞ Succ. plantag. verben. depuratae bursae, Pastor. an. lb ij. bull. in eo gum. Arabic. ℥ iiij. Sang. drac. Sorbor. immatur. Myrtil. Mastic. an. ʒj. Col. & ad. Syr. Myrtill. de rosis since. de plantag. de portulac. an. ℥ ij. Lap. haemat. ʒij. Coral. rub. ʒjs. f. Syr. S. A. does. ℥ iij. Three times a day, in the morning, four a clock afternoon, and three hours after supper; take it cold.   

CHAP. XXV. Hemorrhodes.  
IN the suppression of them, 
Signs.  being pain is most commonly sharp, It's after general evacuation in the first place to be minded, yea, before, 
Cure.  bleeding is here required in the Arm first, after in the Foot; Cups are to be applied to the sides and hips, Lenitives are here to be used; for stronger exasperates the pain. To contemperate the acrimony of the humour, use Emulsion of the four cold Seeds. Outwardly, to ease pain, ol. Buxi; or ℞ ol. Lini. ℥ s. ol. Buxi, ℈ j and apply with it oil of eggs stirred long in a leaden Mortar. Unguent. populeon, vel ℞ vitel. ov. unius, conquassetur benê in ol. ros. vel Amygd. add. Croci, ℈ j and anoint the place with it; vel ℞ cum herb. Linariâ cum floribus coct. cum adipe porcin. cui express. & parumper refrigerato vitel. ovi permisce. Apply this with either common or Cotton wool. For discussing of the Tumefaction, and ease pain, use the roots of Leeks having been roasted under the Emberss, and mixed with butter. Balsam. sulphur. made of flower of brimstone, and Spirit of Terebinthine is excellent to ease pain; discuss the Tumour, and cleanse the Ulcers of those parts. A common Catapl. made of milk, white bread, oil of roses, yolks of eggs and saffron is good. To waste and dry them up, use a fume of brimstone. The Leeches applied to the internal Hemorhods is good: A half bathe of warm milk, whereto is added oil of Poppies lb j oil of Violet's lb s. is excellent; when these prevail not, make an issue in the thigh.   

CHAP. XXVI. Scabs and Itch.  
THE latter is frequently the Praeludium to the former, 
Scabs and Itch.  though the first is the greater affect, and so requires precedency in handling.  
It's a Tumour with the distemper and exulceration of the skin: Sometimes it's Symptomatical, otherwhile Critical. It's caused from corrupt blood, mixed with  choler and salt phlegm produced by diet occasioning the same; especially if it hap the Liver to be very hot, or contagion.  
In generals; First, 
Cure.  the diet must be amended. Secondly, the humour contemperated and evacuated, and the liver reduced into its former condition, by the frequent use of Syr. Coral. vel potius tiuctura ejusdem, & Conser. Cynorrhod.  
It's sometimes humid, and is from salt phlegm, this is more easily cured than the dry, therefore first give a Lenitive bowl; as, ℞ Catholic. ℥ s. pull. Sen. ʒs. Misce: Than if the humour be hot, and blood be plentiful open a vein; after purge with this, which I have known effectual. Take Seny an ounce and half, the seeds of Aniss, Fenel, of each two drachmas, Agrimony, Violet leaves, Fumitory, Scabious, Strawberry leaves, Mallow flowers, Borage, Buglos, of each a handful, Cream of Tartar, half an ounce, Rosemary half a handful, Clarified whey 3 quarts, boil them till a quart be wasted, than strain it, and put to it whites of eggs, and than after 2, or 3 walmes, let it run through a Cotton bag of itself. Does. half a pint in the morning, and so much at 4 a clock afternoon. You may increase the quantity, or decrease, as you see it work, that you may have 3 or 4 stools aday, taking heed of cold; This is excellent, not only in this but dry Scab and Itch. After the body is snfficiently purged, provoke sweat cum Essentia auri, Spir. gnaiac. CC. usti. pp. Antim. diaph. vel ℞ Spir. ebuli, ℥ s. aq. Fumariae, ℥ ijs. Misce exhib. For Topical; baths are good, ℞ Cortic. rad. frangul. rec. rad. Lapath. acuti Scrophula. mayor. Enul. Camp. an. ℥ vj. incid. & contund. omnia in mortario, deind. projectis radicibus in vas vitreatum super affunde Aceti optim. lb j Axung. porcin. lb iij. Misc. lento igne, donec axungia sit resoluta; postea insolentur per mensem integrum. And than boil them in a donble vessel almost to the consumption of the humidity, after strain it strongly; add Styrac. liquid. ℥ j Misce, and reserve it for use: To ℥ iiij. of this, may be added Alum. usti, Tartari, Sulphuris, an. ʒij. stir it long in a Mortar, and make an Unguent more effectual; the former without addition is good for this dry Scab, Itch, and Malum Mortuum.  
For the Itch, after purging, bleeding, and sweeting, you may use Unguent. Enulat. compo. and anoint in the palms of the hands, wrists, arm pits, bought of the arms, hambs, and soles of the feet, smelling to your hands. This is safe and proved, ℞ Calaminth. Styracis, Benion, an. ℥ s. Sulphur. ʒuj. f. pull. subtiliss. & incorporent. cum ss. q. Axung. suill ae recent. For children, administer Mercur. d. twice a week, for two or three weeks together; and also make an ointment cum Mercur. d. & Axung. which use where it itcheth, or anoint a girdle with the ointment, and wear it about the loins, and some about the wrists; this is also good for those of more maturity; or ℞ Mercur. d.ʒj. Sulphur. ℈ ij. Camphor. ℈ j Caryophyl. ʒij. tenuiss. pull. & optim. Misce. cum Vng. ros. ℥ ij. f. Unguent.   

CHAP. XXVII.  
NOw because I have frequently made mention of Issues or Fontinell's, 
Issues and Fontinells.  I shall here briefly discover how they are made, and so put a cou●●● to our Appendix. We shall pass by the benefit which comes by them, which you may gather scattered up and down the whole Book. For the places, they are used in the head, neck, between the Scapulas, on either side the back bone, and these are supposed by the ablest to be best for distillations or rheummatick Diseases proceeding from the head, In the sides, for Empyema, Arms, thighs, legs, etc. they are either made by Actual or potential Cauteries, or by incision, the last being most in use. If you desire to do it with a Potential Cautery, take Paraus velvit one, which apply thus; First apply a plaster to the place of Diapalma, wherein a hole is made answerable to the bigness you desire to have the Issue, (the place being before marked out with Ink) than put in the Caustick, and upon it another Plaster, than a little bolster, and upon all roll it with a fillet; I have known it work its Effect in half an hour without pain; after scarify the Eschar, and put in a Pease and a Plaster, & so bind it up. If you would use an Actual Cautery, use those that are made in Boxes. If by Incision, than having marked the place with Ink, take up the skin, and another holding one side, make your incision with your Lancet; which being done, put in a little ball made of thick dry Eldern pith, (or of Gentian root) let it be pressed hard together, and put in, upon it apply an Ivy leaf, and upon it a linen bolster, wherein let there be a shilling so bowed, that it may being rolled upon, make the harder compression upon the place, so dress it every 24 hours till it be form, and than use Pease; Some use Artificial Pease made of Empl. Melilot. Cautharid. Heleb. nigr. Agaric. Hermodact. Gentian & Cerae. alb. In stead of an Ivy leaf, you may use Empl. Diapal. Some advice with a straw to race of the Cuticula, and upon the place apply a Pepper corn with a Compress. For Seton's, they are made with a needle for that purpose, but I found few that are willing to have this used.  
Thus having passed over (by God's help) the Appendix; we shall discover some Magistral receipts under the name of an Addition, and so put (by God's assistance) a final conclusion to the whole.    

ADDITION.  

Balsam.  
TAKE of the best high country White wine a pint, 
Balsam.  Oil olive the eldest 3 pints; put thereto of the leaves and flowers of Valerian, Carduus benedict. St. John's wort, of each half a pound, Comfrey roots cleansed a handful. Let them be bruised and infused for 24 hours, than boil them in a pipkin till the wine be consumed, continually stirring of it, than strain it, after adding Terpentine (washed in damask risen water till it be white, and the water clean drained out) a pound, wax half a pound, shred. Boil them at a gentle fire altogether a quarter of an hour, after take it from the fire, and let it stand a night to cool, in the morning make holes to the bottom, and pour out the wine and water which may remain, than set it on the fire again, and put to it black Balsam an ounce, Oliban. 4 ℥. and Myrrh 3 ounces, Dragon's blood an ounce; let them boil till the Olibanum and Myrrh be dissolved. After take it from the fire, and let it cool, putting it in a glass close stopped, and set it in the Sun for 21 days; so keep it for use, it will last 30 or 40 years, it's excellent in all wounds. If it be said, this is before set down. I answer, this in something differs; and besides the young Chirurgeon hath hereby this benefit to see how they both are made.   

Lucatella's Balsam●  
TAke of Salad oil 3 pound, 
Lucatella's Bal.  (some wash it in a basin with a quart of read Rose water, stirring it till it be white) Venice Terpentine a pound, washed in a pint of Sack (some in a quart of claret) till it be white, of Betony, Bayes, Rosemary, Tutsan, of each a small handful, let them be cut very small; let these infuse together for 24 hours, and than boil them, Sack and all, for a matter of three hours, than strain them, and add of Bees wax half a pound, of oil of St. John's wort 3 ounces, oil of Nutmegs, of Cloves, natural Balsam, Storax, Spermaceti, Myrrh, of each 2 ounces, oil of Mace, Mummi, Camphire, of each an ounce, Oris roots, Alkenet, read Sanders, in powder of each an ounce and half, Sang. draconis as much; boil them altogether again for a matter of 7 or 8 hours, than strain it, and let it cool for a night. In the morning, making holes in the balm, and so pouring forth the water, (which is almost as precious as the balm) than set it on a gentle flre, and when it's dissolved, add to it of Pearl, Amber grise, and read Coral, of each a dram, of leaf gold a book, stir them together till they be cold, and reserve it for use. Others make it only of the like quantities as is set down of Oil, Terebinth, Sack, Wax, and an ounce of read Saunders, thus compounding it. First dissolve the Wax upon a gentle fire, than add the Terpentine, stirring them till it be dissolved, than add the oil, and Sack, letting them boil a quarter of an hour; than standing till morning, take out the water and dross, boil it again a quarter of an hour, than put in the .   

Virtues.  
It's excellent for all green wounds, staying the blood also, if applied cold, and bound hard on: for burning and scalding anointing it with a feather, and put fine Lawn upon it. It's good for bruises, stitches, Sciatica: For the Colic ʒij. given in white wine; as also for worms, being given every morning; it cureth the shrinking of the sinews, ripens all Apostumes, and healeth them; cureth Cancers and Ulcers; also Aches, cold Tumours, Palsy, and Apoplexy, and cold diseases of the brain. This the simple is said to do, than much more the magistral, being of Dr. Burge's framing: Every one may use which he lift, the lesser I have used with good success in wounds, etc. Others say, it's good for the headache, the Temples and nostrils being anointed; against poison and surfeits given in Sack; as also the Plague, Fistulaes', Small pox, Measlles; draweth forth broken bones, or any putrefaction, easeth pain, and hinders inflammation in wounds.   

Balsam.  
TAke of the read and ripe Seeds of Woodbine (especially the wild, 
Balsam.  which are ripe in September) a Peck or more, and set them in horse dung close for 8 days, in the body of a Still, after put on the head, and distil it in Bal. pour on the water again, and set it again in the dung 24 hours; than distil it in ashes, after separate the oil per Bal. whose force is admirable in the cure of wounds, surpassing that of Egypt or India, saith my Author.   

Cataplasmes.  
℞ rad. Bryon. utriusque, 
Cataplasmes.  an. ℥ iiij. Lilior. alb. lb s. fol. virid. Hyoscyam. & Cicutae, an. Miij. fol. Malu. viol. Cham. virid. an. Mij. pone omnia in olla cum opercule exactissimè lutato sepiliantur in calid. Cineribus per 2. hor. terantur, trajiciantur per setaceum add. farin. faenugr. & Lini. coct. ad pulticulam, an. ℥ iij. pull. rutae & flor. Sambuc. an. ℥ j Squam. ferri, lapid. pyrit. laevigat. in alcohol, an. ℥ i s. Absinth. ℥ s. Croci, ʒj. Axung. suil. rec. ℥ iiij. Misce f. Catapl. this resolves hard Tumours of the Testicles and cod.   

Another.  
℞ rad. Lilior. alb. sub ciner. coct. Nij. rad. Al●b. ℥ ij. fol. malu. Violar. parietar. an Mj. coq. ad putrilag. pinsantur & trajiciantur; add. Mic. panis alb. ℥ ijs. far. Sem. Lini. ʒuj. pull. flor. Cham. Melil. an. ʒjs. per decoct. cum parum praecedent. decoct. ad pultis consistent. add. Axung. porcin. oped. ℥ s. ol. Cham. Lilior. alb. an. ℥ j Croci, ℈ ij. f. Catap. This is excellent in ripening and easing pain.   

Another.  
Take Rice whole, as much as you please, boil it in the broth of a sheep's head (that hath boiled so long that the flesh and bones fall asunder) till it be thick, than beaten it, and add the yolks of 2 eggs, and saffron in powder ℈ ij. f. Catap. It's good for Tumours, inflammations, and ulcers in women's breasts, it's to be applied till the redness be gone; sometimes it resolves it, otherwhiles it breaks it.   

A Drink.  
HIldanus in his Cista Militaris, 
A Drink.  sets down this; ℞ Herb. Alchimillae, betae, rub. pirolae, Sanicul. vinc. pervinc. virg. Aureae, Sem. Angelic. an. parts equal. Let the herbs be shred small, and the seeds grossly powdered, and after mixed well together. Of this powder take ℥ s. Rhenish wine lb ij. boil them in a close double vessel, and make a clear decoct. He gives this testimony of it; It most happily cureth all wounds, whether made by gunshot, or otherways drives out iron, wood, lead, and all other extraneous bodies out of the wound; it heals more in a week, than when not used, in a month: And it's so worthy an experiment, that it deserves to be by Surgeons received with both hands, and with much thankfulness. Dose is 2 or 3 spoonful morning, noon, and evening given hot. This is to be given when pain and inflammation is past, and the wound comes to digestion.   

Aq. Lactis Nephritic.  
℞ rad. 5. aper. an. ℥ iiij. rad. raphan. lb j Saxifrag. alb. ℥ iij. rad. graem. ℥ ij. fol. malu. Alth. parietar. petroseli. plantag. an. Miij. Sem. Milii Sol. Saxifrag. carui, 
Aq. Lactis Nephritie.  anisi, petroseli. balicacab. barbanae. an. ℥ j bacc. juniper. ℥ iij. Liquir. rasa, ℥ iiij. contund. contund. & incid. inciden. ponatur in Gampan. cum lact. recent. ℞ lb xxiiij. & distil. S. A. This is excellent.   

Pul. Solut.  
℞ Sol. Sen. Alexand. ℥ iijs. rbabarb. oped. ℥ js.. Hermod. Turb. gun●. jalop. Mastic. an. ʒuj. Scamon. cum Sulph. pp. ʒx. flor. Antimon. gum. got. an. ʒj. ol. vitriol. caryophyl. origan. anisi, 
Pul. Solut.  an. ʒs. Misce, f. pull. Subtle. Does. à ℈ j ad ℈ ij. vel ʒj. This I have often used, it's very grateful to the taste and smell.   

Pil. Cathol. 
Pil. cathol.   
℞ Mass. pil. Aggregat. Colocynth. pull. Scamon. ol. Caryoph. an. ℥ j ℞ hujus Mass. ℥ ij. Mass. pil. Aggregat. Cochia. an. ℥ j f. Mass. does. à gr. 9 ad gr. 18. vel. ℈ j   

Emplast. Crocatum.  
℞ gum. galbam. in aceto dissol. ℥ iiij. Empl. Meliloti, Diachyl. S. an. ℥ js.. cerae citrinae, 
Emplast. Crocatum.  ℥ j Terebinth. alb. ℥ s. Croc. ʒiij. Misce f. Empl.   

Pil. ex Turbith. Mineral.  
℞ aloes, Colocynth. diagrid. pull. q. v. add. Turb. Min. quant. omninus, f. Pil.   

Infus. Vomitori●.  
℞ Vitri. Antimon. ʒij. Caryophyl. zinzib. an. ʒj. vini alb. lb j f. pocul. Emetic. Does. ʒuj.  
Ol. ex floribus Slotani, & pull. Laxat. vel Solut. Hildani; you have in the latter end of Hildanus Tract, De valetudine tuenda.   

Ol. Buxi.  
Take the wood of Box, 
Ol. Buxi.  and cut it in small pieces, after put it in an earthen pot full of holes in the bottom: Set another pot in the ground, and this upon it, and about it let there be a hot fire of coals, and the oil will fall into the potunderneath, this is distillation per decensum; It is excellent not only for the pain of the Teeth, and Hemorhods, but also for Epilepsy, Vertigo, and Palfie.   

Unguent. pro Scab. pueror.  
℞ Ol. de liquid. Amb. vel bal. naturalis, ℥ j ol. Amygd. Amar. ℥ iij. Misce. This is safe and excellent, faith Zacutus.   

To skin Ulcers hard to cicatrize.  
℞ aq. gemar. querc. ℥ iiij. Calc. vivae in eo extinct. ℥ js. deinde filtr. & add Mercur. dull. ℈ ij. Misce.  
℞ Sevi Hircini, ℥ j ol. Hyperiei. ℥ ij. Misce. This is excellent for Ulcers in the paps and chaps, in hands and feet.  
℞ fimi Equin. recent. lb xuj. infund. per noctem in vin. alb. lb viij. Sem. anisi, glycyrrh. passul. mayor. an. ℥ iij. Theriac. venet. ℥ ij. distil. & serva ad usum. This is very efficacious in Pleurisies, Surfeits, Colic, Mother, and for the expelling of Secundine.   

Emplast. Rosarum. 
Emplast. Rosarum.   
℞ ol. Lini. lb ij. Minii. lb j Cerae Citrin. ℥ iiij. pull. Rosar. ℥ ij. Misce f. Emp. S. A. this we have used generally in most cases, and have found it effectual.  
Take Rue, Sage, of each lb j fol. Lauri, junior, absinth, an. lb s. shred the herbs small, and after beaten them, than take of Sheep suet, lb iij. mince it small, and beaten it and the herbs together; add to them oil Olives lb iiij. Let them stand altogether in an earthen pot well stopped for 8 days, after seethe it at a gentle fire, than strain it, adding ol. Spic. ℥ iiij. it's best made in May. It's excellent for Aches, Scalds, Burns, Felons, Bruises, Strains, Cramps, stitches, Sciatica, stone in the Kidneys, and pain in the ears.  
Aq. Camphorata is in Page 21.  
The prepared Sponge is Doctor Reads dipped in Melilot plaster melted, and after pressed, and so continued till it be cold.   

Oleum quod vulnera in 24. hor. Sanat, & est experium.  
℞ ol. Hyperic. Lumbric. Terebinth. Mastic. an. ℥ j Misce. Apply it hot with Lint.  
℞ Succ. Sempervivi, ℥ s. Campbor. gr. v. dissol. been in Succ. add. Sacch. Cand. ʒij. Misce; does. ℈ j often, for spitting blood.   
FINIS.