In Effigem Nicholai Culpeper Equitis The shadow of that Body here you find Which serves but as a case to hold his mind, His Intellectual part be pleased to look In lively described in the Book Pharmacopoeia Londinensis: OR THE London Dispensatory Further adorned by the Studies and Collections of the Fellows, now living of the said COLLEGE. Whereunto is added, 1. The Virtues, Qualities, and Properties of every Simple. 2. The Virtues and Use of the Compounds. 3. Cautions in giving all Medicines that are dangerous. 4. All the Medicines that were in the Old Latin Dispensatory, and are left out in the New Latin one, are printed in this fourth Impression in English with their Virtues. 5. A Key to Galen's Method of Physic, containing thirty three Chapters. 6. What is added to the Book by the Translator, is of a different Letter from that which was made by the College. By Nich. Culpeper Gent. Student in Physic and Astrology; living in Spittle-fields near London. Scire potestates Herbarum, usumque medendi Maluit, & mutas agitare (inglorius) arts. Virgil. LONDON: Printed for Peter Cole, at the sign of the Printing-Press in Cornhill near the Royal Exchange. 1653. Pharmacopoeia Londinensis: OR THE London Dispensatory Further adorned by the Studies and Collections of the Fellows, now living of the said COLLEGE. Wherein you may find, 1. The Virtues, Qualities, and Properties of every Simple. 2. The Virtues and Use of the Compounds. 3. Cautions in giving all Medicines that are dangerous. 4. All the Medicines that were in the Old Latin Dispensatory, and are left out in the New Latin one, are printed in this fourth Impression in English with their Virtues. 5. A Key to Galen's Method of Physic, containing thirty three Chapters. 6. What is added to the Book by the Translator, is of a different Letter from that which was made by the College. 7. In this Impression the Latin name of every one of the Compounds is printed, and in what page of the New Folio Latin Book they are to be found. By Nich. Culpeper Gent. Student in Physic and Astrology; living in Spittle-fields near London. Scire potestates Herbarum, usumque medendi Maluit, & mutas agitare (inglorius) arts. Virgil. LONDON: Printed for Peter Cole, at the sign of the Printing-Press in Cornhill near the Royal Exchange. 1653. TO THE RIGHT WORSHIPFUL Edward Hall Esquire, Justice of the Peace for the County of Surry; Nich. Culpeper wisheth increase of Grace in this World, and a Crown of Glory in that to come. Right Worshipful, LET it not seem strange in so Solemn a Business, in which no less than the Preservation of Life, Health, and by consequence Well-being of all the poor People in this Nation is concerned; in so weighty a business, contrary to all Precedents in this Nation, which is now Heartsick of Ignorance, and cries out aloud for cure; in so Populous a City, and so full of Critics, before so many Ancient Physicians who might have done the Work better than I, had they not wanted will; neither could they have wanted that, had they not wanted real Love to this Nation: in such times (I say) in such a place, and before such People, for me whose years are few, whose Exercise in the Physical Sphere small, (my greatest Studies being spent about Natural Philosophy) whose Judgement slender to venture upon this so great a Work as to attempt to rectify the Judgements of a whole College, (which is indeed no less needful than great) may seem to some perhaps, great Arrogancy and Presumption, to others no small insolency and want of discretion: Notwithstanding, the Glory of God being my Aim, and the good of this languishing Nation my End (I do not call the Nation languishing in respect of Government, but in respect of Knowledge, as for the Government of this Nation, God knows what he hath to do, and I hope well) which I say languisheth so sorely under a Disease which now turned Epidemical and rages so extremely that it sweeps away millions in a year, leaving many woeful Widows, and Fatherless Children to the protection of those whose mercies are cruelty, and that is Ignorance in Physic, or want of Knowledge of what may do them good; the Cure of this Disease cannot be performed neither by Aurum potabile, nor the Philosophers Stone, but by the real endeavours of a Public Spirit by the Fear of God, and Love to poor People, by labouring to discharge a good Conscience, by instructing People what belongs to their Health; this I assure you was the reason that moved me to adventure into the Stage of the World in this Nature, and not any sinister ends of my own whatsoever, for it is not unknown to your Worship that I have incurred many Enemies by my writing, though I do good, and but my duty; yet I shall ever choose rather to satisfy the Godly minds of real Commonwealths-men, in revealing to them what belongs to the Preservation of their Lives, and the helping of their poor Neighbours, than either wrong my own Conscience, or rob the whole Nation of what I may and aught to reveal to them: I confess I have chiefly been reviled of those to whom I have done good, who have received their greatest Knowledge of Physic by my Writings; I can pity them, but do not wonder a whit at it; it hath been so even in the days of old, when Christ and his Apostles lived upon Earth, they cast out Devils, they cured their Diseases, they made the Blind to see, and the Lame to go, for which of all these good Deeds were they persecuted? doubtless it was done by that Monster Envy which rules in the children of Disobedience, who having joined to himself Pride, and Self-interest labours to surpress whatsoever is well done; but as I have fellowship with Christ and his Apostles in their Sufferings, so I look to have fellowship with them in that Glory into which no Proud, nor Envious, nor Self-seeking man shall enter. I can freely (as I hitherto have done) yet continue doing them good, as being persuaded that by so doing, I am the more like unto God, who causeth the Sun to shine upon the good and the bad, and the Rain to fall upon the just and the unjust; following that Rule which is so often repeated in holy Writ, If thy Enemy hunger give him meat, if he be athirst give him drink, for in so doing thou shalt heap coals of fire upon his head, and the Lord shall reward thee. Worthy Sir, This Child of mine coming out the fourth time into the World, and wanting Defence, as most Truths do, cried aloud for a Patron which made me so bold as to present it at your feet; rather I will assure you, to take a Pattern of your Patience than any ways to make a purchase of my own praise, that so in despite of Cavaliers it may be called the God-child of a Peerless Godfather. You must not expect large incomiums of praise from him whose words & actions you know always to be so plain, nor an Epistle stuffed as full of Flattery as an Egg is full of meat, which I hate to give, and you to receive, and God hates it in whomsoever he finds it; it is sufficient to you, and infinite joy to me, that your Works declare to the World what you are, even in these times when rich Pluto is accounted a better Philosopher than learned Plato, when Godliness is not accounted great Gain, as it was in better times than now are, but Gain is accounted great Godliness. I had Reasons enough to make me bold to dedicate it to you, as namely, That Ingenuity of your Spirit, your excellent Endeavours for the public Good, that admirable Constancy which Honour itself could not choke; so that your Splendour (like other Justices in Office with you) has not gone out like a Candle, and left a stinking snuff behind, though it hath pleased God to place you in Authority in such an Age, that calleth Virtue Vice, and Vice Virtue, that calleth Good, Evil, and Evil, Good, that strike at the Devil, and hit Christ in his Saints: To whom rather (these things considered) should I dedicate these my weak Labours, than to yourself, to whom God hath given the Knowledge to discern Virtue from Vice, to love the one and hate the other, according to that excellent Speech of Plato, Oh Knowledge, how would men love thee if they did but know thee, for as Health is the Conservation of the Body, so is Knowledge the Conservation of the Mind, which is too too much absconded (the more is the pity) from the eyes of this languishing Nation, and calls aloud for a Cure, for as Plato saith in another place, If Virtue could take upon her a bodily shape, she would be so beautiful as men would be in love with her; also if Vice could take upon her a Bodily shape, she would be such an ugly beast all men would loathe and disdain her, for if Drunkards have so many Apish and beastly postures, what would Drunkenness itself have, which is the Author of them all, if that could appear in a visible form? This I know you are well versed in; the love of a Real Commonwealth may be read in you even through a pair of Spectacles glassed with an inch board: this was another argument moving me to dedicate this Book to you, which tends towards the furtherance of a Commonwealth, and the pulling down a Monopoly extremely prejudicial, yet scarce discernible. I must be brief, because it is brevity you delight in, therefore to use many words I account it needless; your kind acceptance of this Book, I shall account such a favour as is never to be forgotten: The God of Heaven and Earth which hath hitherto preserved your Body in so many dangers and difficulties which you have passed, and your Spirit pure in these back-sliding Times, still be your Guide, and preserve your Spirit, Soul, and Body until the time of your Change shall come, and present you blameless at the coming of the Lord Jesus Christ, in whom God hath loved you, and washed you from your sins in his Blood. So prays, Sir Your Worship's most humble Servant NICH. CULPEPER. A Premonitory Epistle TO THE READER. Courteous READER, THose things which God did make first in the Beginning without means, He now preserveth by Means, and therefore He hath placed Nature in the World which by Motion acts in all things, according to the quality of the thing acted upon, as Fire acts upon Wood to make a fire to warm one by, or the like; therefore as the Cause of Diseases is to be understood to be Natural, so is their Cures also to be effected in a Natural way; and if you do but consider the whole Universe as one united Body, and Man an Epitome of this Body, it will seem strange to none but Madmen and Fools that the Stars should have influence upon the Body of Man, considering he being an Epitome of the Creation, must needs have a Celestial World within himself; for to wind the strings a little higher, If there be a Trinity in the Deity (which is denied, but by none but Ranters) then must there be a Trinity also in all his Works, if there be a Unity in the Godhead, there must needs be a Unity in all his Works, and a dependency between them, and not that God made the Creation to hang together like Ropes of Sand, so God made but one world, and yet in this one World a Trinity, first Elementary, which is lowest; Secondly, Celestial, which is next above that; Thirdly, Intellectual, which is highest in degree, and happy, yea thrice happy is he that attains to it; if then Man be capable of the Intellectual World as having an Epitome of that in himself, whereby he knows that there is a God, and that God made this World, and Governeth it now he hath made it, that there are Angels, and that he bathe an immortal Spirit in himself which causeth him to hope and expect immortality; If he have an Epitome of the Elementary World in himself, whereby he searcheth and seeks after the Virtues of Elementary Bodies, and the various mixtures of Natural things, their Causes, Effects, Times, Fashions, Events, and how they are produced by the Elements, must he not also by the same rule have an Epitome of the Celestial World within himself, by which he searcheth out the Motion and Course of the Celestial Bodies, and what their influence is upon the Elements, and Elementary Bodies; he that denies this, let him also deny that the whole world was made for man, that so the world may see what he is; it is palpable to those that fear God, and are conversant either in his Word or in his Works, that every inferior world is Governed by its superior, and receives influence from it. God Himself the only First-being, the Maker and Disposer of all things, Governs the Celestial World by the Intellectual, namely, the Angels; He governs the Elementary World, and all Elementary Bodies, by the Celestial World, namely, the Stars; and that's the reason the influence ' of the Stars reacheth not to the Mind or Rational part of Man, because it is an Epitome of the Intellectual world which is a superior to them: but because there is now some Dispute about it (I should have said Cavilling) by such as would fain have their own Knaveries hidden, and therefore they would fain have the Stars made to stop Bottles, or else for the Angels to play at bowls with when they had nothing else to do, but not rule the Elementary world, no, by no means: We shall prove they rule over the Elementary world, first by Scripture, secondly by Reason. First, by Scripture: I beseech you read in the first place, Genesis 1. 14, 15, 16, 17, 18. verses, And God said, let there be lights in the Firmament of the Heaven, to divide the Day from the Night: and let them be for SIGNS, and for SEASONS, and for DAYS and YEARS. And let them be for Lights in the Firmament of the Heaven to give light upon Earth: and it was so. And God made two great Lights, the greater light to RULE the day, the lesser Light to RULE the night, He made the Stars also. And set them in the Firmament of the Heaven to give light upon Earth. And to RULE over the day and over the night, and to divide the light from darkness. To this place also answers that in the 136. Psalms, He made the Sun to RULE by day, and the Moon and Stars to RULE by night. In these Scriptures God saith He made them to Rule, He set them for Signs, therefore they must signify something, He set them also for Seasons, for Days, and for Years: the Scriptures are so clear, they need no Exposition. But let us see a little what Reason saith to the business: It is palbable and apparent that all Elementary Bodies never stand at a stay, but are ever either increasing or decreasing: It is as apparent that the Celestial Bodies are not changed, but remain the very same they were at the first Creation; and if so, the Elementary Bodies must needs be by Nature Passive, because they are subject to change, and the Celestial Bodies active because they change not; as a Carpenter when he hews a Timber-log, the Timber-log must needs change form according as 〈◊〉 hewed, but the Carpenter himself changeth not. Secondly, Consider that all Time is measured out by Motion, and that the Original of all Motion is in the Heavens, for it is the motion of the Sun which causeth day and night, Summer, Winter, Spring, and Harvest, from which Conversion of Times and Years all changes proceed, both Heat and Cold, Dryness and Moisture, by which four is caused Life and Death, Generation and Putrefaction, increase and decrease of Elementary things, for the Elementary world is the womb of all Elementary Creatures, both Animals, Minerals, and Vegetables, it conceives them, and nourisheth and cherisheth them being conceived: this womb is always full of useful Matter, fit for the forming, increasing, and conserving Bodies, whether Animal, Mineral, or Vegetable; the Sun gives a vital seed, and stirs up all to motion and action, quickens, and defends what it hath quickened; the Moon subministers moisture to preserve what the Sun hath Generated from the scorching heat which is caused by motion: both Sun and Moon make use of the other five Planets (even as the Heart and Brain make use of the Liver, Spleen, Gall, etc. in the Body of Man) for the effecting and varying things below, and tempering them divers ways according to their several motions, else all the things generated in the Elementary World would be of one Nature and Quality, and then the world could not subsist; for Man having all qualities in him, cannot subsist without any one of them: He, and he only is a Physician that knows which of these qualities offends, by which of the Celestial Bodies it is caused, and how safely and speedily to remedy it; all the the rest that practice Physic are but Mountebanks, for there is no question to be made, but that all Diseases have their original from superaboundance or deficiency of Heat, Coldness, Dryness or Moisture; and that the Elements barely from themselves can cause this, is an opinion more fitting for a Hog-herd than a Philosopher, for whatsoever is begotten must have a matter to be begotten of, as well as something to beget it, and this matter must be proper to receive form, for man cannot make a Timber-log of a Turf, nor a Book of an Eggshel, therefore this Matter must naturally be affected to suffer whatsoever form the Author pleaseth to give it: the Author of every Generation must be altogether active, not subject to any adverse principles, that so he may not run out of one thing into another before he hath finished, and this is proper to the Sun, Moon, and Stars: this will be denied by none that have lived a Rational Man but one Summer and one Winter, and felt a difference of heat and coldness, drivess and moisture, caused by the nearness and remoatness of the Sun, and seen the difference of springing, increasing and decaying of things upon Earth in those times, for when we see the Loadstone draws Iron, it shows plainly that Nature hath given it efficacy so to do; so when we see these things done by the Heavens, we must needs think Nature hath given the Heaven's power to do so, and seeing those Qualities, Heat, Coldness, Dryness, and Moisture, are contrary the one to the other, of necessity sometimes the one must yield, and sometimes the other, and thence comes the Procreation, Corruption, and Vicissitude of things below; and seeing all likes rejoice in their likes, and disagree with their dislikes, there must needs be something in the Heaven's agreeable to all this, therefore some part of the Heavens is said to be Hot, some Cold, some Dry, and some moist, not because they are so in themselves, but because they work such effects in Elementary Bodies, as is evident to the experience of them that search after it. We have now showed you what a Physician ought to be in respect of Knowledge in the Celestial World: I shall only now show you in a word or two what knowledge he ought to have in the Elementary and Intellectual worlds, and that very briefly, and so conclude. As in the Celestial world he ought very carefully to heed the oppositions and great conjunctions of the Planets, the Eclipses of the Luminaries, the Quarterly ingresses of the Sun and the Crisis of Diseases, so in the Elementary world he ought to heed the Seasons of the Year, whether they be hotter, colder, drier, moister than they should be; 〈◊〉 ought to be very well skilled in Vegetables and Minerals and how the Earth brings them forth, what is the Office of the Central Sun, and what is the office of the Celestial Sun, what is the office of the Central Moon, and what the office of the Celestial Moon in the production of things here below, and how, and by what Mediums they perform it. Lastly, In the Intellectual World, he ought to be very frequent, fearing God, and eschewing evil, for into his hands as the means, hath the eternal God of Heaven and Earth put the lives of those Christians whom, he loved so well that he redeemed them by the Blood of his only begotten Son: Let him be very studious in those great Books of God, the Book of the Scripture, and the Book of the Creatures, let the Glory of God, and the Good of the Creature be his whole Aim, neither let such a Monster as Covetousness have the least entertainment in his heart; let him be no respecter of Persons, but go as willingly to the Poor for nothing, as to the Rich for a reward, Knowing, That he that giveth to the Poor, dareth to the Lord, and he shall be sure to have a good Paymaster. To conclude, In all his practices let him consider what he would have another do to him if he were in like case, and do the like to them: and to them that follow this Rule, Peace shall be upon them, as upon the Israel of God. Ita dixit Nich. Culpeper. The Names of several Books printed by Peter Cole, at the sign of the Printing-Press in Cornhill, by the Exchange, London. Five several Books, by Nich. Culpeper, Gent. Student in Physic and Astrology. 1 A Translation of the New Dispensatory, made by the College of Physicians of London. Whereunto is added, The Key to Galen' s Method of Physic. 2 A DIRECTORY for Midwives; or a Guide for Women. 3 GALEN's Art of PHYSIC with a large Comment. 4 The ENGLISH PHYSICIAN; being an Astrologo-Physical Discourse of the Vulgar Herbs of this Nation; wherein is showed how to cure a man's self of most Diseases incident to man's Body, with such things as grown in England, and for threepences charge. Also in the same Book is showed, 1. The time of gathering all Herbs both Vulgarly and Astrologically. 2. The way of drying and keeping them and their Juices. 3. The way of making and keeping all manner of useful Compounds, made of those Herbs. 4. The way of mixing the Medicines according to Cause, and mixture of the Disease, and the part of the Body afflicted. 5 The Anatomy of the Body of Man, Wherein is exactly described the several parts of the Body of Man, illustrated with very many large Brass Plates. A Godly and Fruitful Exposition, on the first Epistle of Peter. By Mr. John Rogers, Minister of the Word of God at Dedham in Essex. The Wonders of the Loadstone, by Mr. Samuel Ward of Ipswich. An Exposition on the Gospel of the Evangelist St. Matthew, by Mr. Ward. Clows Chirurgery. Marks of Salvation. Christian's Engagement for the Gospel, by John Goodwin. Great Church Ordinance of Baptism. Mr. Love's Case, containing his Petitions, Narrative, and Speech. Vox Pacifica, or a Persuasive to Peace. Dr. Prestons' Saints submission, and Satan's Overthrow. Pious man's practice in Parliament Time. A Treatise of the Rickets, being a Disease common to Children; Wherein is showed, 1. The Essence. 2. The Causes. 3. The Signs. 4. The Remedies of the Disease. Published in Latin by Dr. Glisson, Dr. Bate, and Dr. Regemorter, now translated into English. Mr. Symsons Sermon at Westminster. Mr. Feaks Sermon before the Lord Major. Mr. Phillip's Treatise of Hell. — of Christ's Geneology. Seven Books of Mr. Jeremiah Burroughs lately published; As also the Texts of Scripture upon which they are grounded. 1 The Rare Jewel of Christian Contentment, on Phil. 4. 11. Wherein is showed, 1. What Contentment is, 2. It is an holy Art and Mystery, 3. The Excellencies of it, 4. The Evil of the contrary sin of Murmuring, and the Aggravations of it. 2 Gospel-Worship, on Levit. 10. 3. Wherein is showed, 1. The right manner of the Worship of God in general; and particularly, In Hearing the Word, Receiving the Lord's Supper, and Prayer. 3 Gospel-Conversation, on Phil. 1. 17. Wherein is showed, 1. That the Conversations of Believers must be above what could be by the Light of Nature, 2. Beyond those that lived under the Law, 3. And suitable to what Truths the Gospel holds forth. To which is added, The Misery of those Men that have their Portion in this Life only, on Psal. 17. 14. 4 A Treatise of Earthly-mindedness. Wherein is showed, 1 What Earthly-mindedness is, 2 The great Evil thereof, on Phil. 3. part of the 19 Vers. Also to the same Book is joined, A Treatise of Heavenly-mindedness, and walking with God, on Gen. 5. 24. and on Phil. 3. 20. 5 An Exposition, on the fourth, fifth, sixth, and seventh Chapters of the Prophecy of Hosea. 6 An Exposition on the eighth, ninth, and tenth Chapters of Hosea. 7 An Exposition on the eleventh, twelfth, and thirteenth Chapters of Hosea, being now Complete. Twelve several Books of Mr. William Bridg, Collected into one Volumn. Viz. 1 The great Gospel-Mystery of the Saints Comfort and Holiness, opened and applied from Christ's Priestly Office. 2 Satan's Power to Tempt; and Christ's Love to, and Care of His People under Temptation. 3 Thankfulness required in every Condition. 4 Grace for Grace; or, the Overflowings of Christ's Fullness received by all Saints. 5 The Spiritual Actings of Faith, through Natural Impossibilities. 6 Evangelical Repentance. 7 The Spiritual-Life, and In-Being of Christ in all Believers. 8 The Woman of Canaan. 9 The Saints Hiding-Place in time of God's Anger. 10 Christ's Coming is at our Midnight. 11 A Vindication of Gospel Ordinances. 12 Grace and Love beyond Gifts. A Congregational Church is a Catholic Visible Church By Samuel Stone, in New England. A Treatise of Politic Power, wherein 7 Questions are Answered, 1. Whereof Power is made, and for what ordained; 2. Whether Kings and Governors have an absolute Power over the People; 3. Whether Kings and Governors be subject to the Laws of God, or the Laws of their Countries; 4. How far the People are to obey their Governors; 5. Whether all the People have be their Governors; 6. Whether it be Lawful to depose an evil Governor; 7. What Confidence is to be given to Princes. The Compassionate Samaritan. Dr. Sibbs on the Philippians. The Best and Worst Magistrate, by Obadiah Sedgwick. The craft and cruelty of the church's Adversaries, by Matthew Newcomin. A sacred Panygrick, by Steph. Martial. Barriffs' Military Discipline. The Immortality of Man's Soul. The Anatomist Anatomised. King Charles his Case, or an Appeal to all rational men concerning his Trial. Mr. Owen's steadfastness of the Promises. Mr. Owen against Mr. Baxter. A Vindication of Freegrace: Indeavoring to prove, 1 That we are not elected as holy, but that we should be holy; and that Election is not of kinds, but persons. 2. That Christ did not by his death intent to save all men, and 〈◊〉 those whom he intended to save, that he did not die for them only if they would believe, but that they might believe. 3. That we are not justified properly by our believing in Christ, but by our Christ believed in. 4. That, that which differences one man from another, is not the improvement of a common ability restored through Christ to all men in general, but a principle of Grace wrought by the Spirit of God in the Elect. By John Pawson. Six Sermons, Preached by Dr. Hill, viz. 1. The Beauty and Sweetness of an Olive Branch of Peace and Brotherly Accommodation budding. 2. Truth and Love happily married in the Saints, and in the Churches of Christ. 3. The Spring of Strengthening Grace in the Rock of Ages Christ Jesus. 4. The strength of the Saints to make Jesus Christ their strength. 5. The Best and Worst of Paul. 6. God's eternal Preparations for his dying Saints. The Bishop of Canterbury's Speech on the Scaffold. The King's Speech on the Scaffold. The Magistrates Support and Burden. By Mr. John Cardel. Eton on the Oath of Allegiance and Covenant, showing that they oblige not. Weights and Measures in the New DISPENSATORY. Twenty Grains make a Scruple. Three Scruples make a Drachm. Eight Drachms make an Ounce. Twelve Ounces make a Pound. THe most usual Measures [amongst us] (quoth the College) are these: A Spoon which in Syrups holds half an ounce, in distilled Waters three drachms. A Taster which holds an ounce and an half. A Congee which (in their former Dispensatory held nine pound, now) holds but eight pound; viz. just a Gallon: To miss but one Pint in a Gallon is nothing with a College of Physicians, such Physicians as our times afford. The reason I suppose is, Because most Nations differ in the quantity of their Measures, and they quoted their Congius from one Nation before, and from another now; for indeed their Dispensatory is borrowed a great part of it from Arabia, part from Greece, some from France, some from Spain, and some from Italy, and now they vapour with it. Oh brave! should a man that borrowed his clothes from so many Brokers in Long-lane be proud of them? Besides these, they have gotten another antic way of MENSURATION which they have not set down here, viz. By Handfuls and Pugils. An Handful is as much as you can gripe in one Hand; and a Pugil as much as you can take up with your Thumb and two Fingers; and how much that is who can tell? Intruth this way of Mensuration is as certain as the Weathercock, and as various as men's Fingers are in length, and the things taken up in dryness or form; for an Handsul of green Herbs will not be half an Handsul or not above when they are dry: and your mother-wit will teach you that you may take up more Hay in this manner than Bran, and more Bran than Sand. And thus much for their Weights, and also for their Measures: both ridiculous and contradictive. Weights and Measures in the Old Dispensatory. TWenty Grains do make a Scruple. Three Scruples make a drachm (commonly called a dram) Right Drachms make an Ounce. Twelve Ounces make a Pound. As for the Colleges Measures I know not well what English Names to give them. 〈◊〉 holds in Syrups half an Ounce; in distilled Waters three Drachms. 〈◊〉 holds an ounce and an half. Hemina (which also they call Cotyla) contains nine Ounces. Libra holds twelve Ounces. A Sextary contains eighteen Ounces. A Congee six Sextaties. These Measures amongst the Romans contained not just the same quantities; for their Cyathus contained an ounce and an half, a drachm and a scruple. Their Sextary contained but fourteen ounces, three 〈◊〉, and half a quarter; and among the Grecians not so much: It is called a 〈◊〉 because it is the sixth part of a Congee. Neither did the Roman Hemina contain altogether seven ounces and an half. Their Libra I suppose to be that which Galen calls 〈◊〉, viz. A Vessel to measure with; it was made of clear Horn, and by certain lines drawn round it like rings, was divided into twelve equal parts, each part containing an ounce. DIRECTIONS. ALthough I did what I could throughout the whole Book to express myself in such a language as might be understood by all, and therefore avoided terms of Art as much as might be, (it being the task of the College to write only to the Learned and the Nurslings of Apollo, but of myself to do my Country good; which is the Centre all my Lines tend to, and I destre should terminate in) Yet, 1. Some words must of necessity fall in, which need explanation. 2. It would be very tedious at the end of every Receipt to repeat over and over again, the way of administration of the Receipt, or ordering your Bodies after it, or to instruct you in the mixture of Medicines, and indeed would do nothing else but stuff the Book full of 〈◊〉. To answer to both these is my task at this time. To the first: The words which need explaining, such as are obvious to my Eye are these that follow. 1. To distil in Balneo Mariae, is the usual way of distilling in Water. It is no more than to 〈◊〉 your Glass-Body which holds the matter to be distilled in a convenient vessel of Water, when the Water is cold (for fear of breaking) put a wisp of Straw, or the like under it, to keep it from the bottom, then make the Water boil, that so the Spirit may be distilled forth; take not the Glass out till the Water be cold again, for fear of breaking: It is impossible for a man to learn how to do it, unless he saw it done. 2. Manica Hypocrates, Hypocrates his Sleeve, is a piece of woollen cloth, new and white, sewed together in form of a Sugar-loaf. It's use is, to strain any Syrup or Decoction through, by pouring it into it, and suffering it to run through without pressing or crushing it. 3. Calcination, is a burning of a thing in a Crucible or other such convenient vessel that will endure the fire: A Crucible is such a thing as your Goldsmiths melt Silver in, and your Founders their Metals; you may place it in the midst of the fire, with coals above, below, and on every side of it. 4. Filtration, is straining of a liquid body through a brown 〈◊〉: Make up the Paper in form of a Funnel, the which having placed in a Funnel, and placed the Funnel, and the Paper in it in an empty Glass, power in the Liquor you would filter, and let it run through at its leisure. 5. Coagulation, is curdling or hardening: It is used in Physic for reducing a liquid body to hardness by the heat of the fire. 6. Whereas you find Vital, Natural, and Animal Spirits often mentioned in the Virtues of Receipts, I shall explain what they be, and what their 〈◊〉 is in the Body of Man. The actions or operations of the Animal Virtues, are, 1. Sensitive. 2. Motive. The Sensitive is 1. External. 2. Internal. The External Senses are 1. Seeing. 2. Hearing. 3. Tasting. 4. Smelling. 5. Feeling. The Internal Senses are 1. Imagination to apprehend a thing. 2. Judgement, to Judge of it. 3. Memory, to remember it. The seat of all these is in the Brain. The Vital Spirits proceedeth from the Heart, and causeth in Man Mirth, Joy, Hope, Trust, Humanity, Mildness, Courage, etc. and their opposites: Viz. Sadness, Fear, Care, Sorrow, Despair, Envy, Hatred, Stubbornness, Revenge, etc. by heat Natural or not Natural. The Natural Spirit nourisheth the Body 〈◊〉 (as the Vital quickens it, and the Animal gives it Sense and Motion) Its office is to alter or 〈◊〉 Food into Chyle, Chyle into Blood, Blood into Flesh, to Form, Engender, Nourish, and Increase the Body. 7. Infusion, is to steep a gross body into one 〈◊〉 Liquid. 8. Decoction, is the Liquor in which any thing is boiled. As for the manner of 〈◊〉 or ordering the 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 any sweeting, or purging Medicines, or Pills, or the like, the Table at the latter end of the Virtues of the Medicines will direct you to what Pages you may find them in, look but the word [Rules] there. As also in the next Page. The different forms of making up Medicines, 〈◊〉 〈…〉 People, that so Medicines might be more delightful, or at least less burdensome: in such a case, the Table of Virtues at the latter end will universally furnish you with the generality of both Simples and Compounds apropriated to the Disease. You may make the mixtures of them in what form you please; only for your better instruction at present, accept of these few Rules: 1. Consider, That all Diseases are cured by their contraries, but all parts of the Body maintained by their likes: Then if heat be the cause of the Disease, give the cold Medicine apropriated to it, if Wind, see how many Medicines apropriated to that Disease expel Wind, and use them. 〈◊〉 〈…〉, for if your Brain be over heated, and you use such Medicines as cool the Heart or Liver, you may make mad work. 3. The distilled Water of any Herb you would take for a disease, is a sit mixture for the Syrup of the same Herb, or to make any 〈◊〉 into a Drink, if you affect such liquid Medicines best: if you have not the distilled water, make use of the Decoction. 4. Diseases that lie in parts of the Body remote from the Stomach and Bowels, it is in vain to think to carry away the cause at once, and therefore you had best do it by degrees; Pills, and such like Medicines which are hard in Body, are fittest for such a business, because they are longest before they digest. 5. Use no strong Medicines, if weak will serve the turn; you had better take one too weak by half, than too strong in the least. 6. Consider the Natural temper of the part of the Body afflicted, and maintain it in that, else you extinguish Nature, as the Heart is hot, the Brain cold, or at least the coldest part of the Body. 7. Observe this general Rule; That such Medicines as are hot in the first degree are most habitual to our Bodies, because they are just of the heat of our Blood. 8. All opening Medicines, and such as provoke Urine, or the Terms, or break the Stone, may most conveniently be given in white wine, because white Wine os itself is of an opening Nature, and cleanseth the Reins gallantly. 9 Let all such Medicines as are taken to stop fluxes or 〈◊〉, be taken before meat, about an hour before, more or less, that so they may strengthen the digestion and retentive faculty, before the Food come into the Stomach; But such as are subject to vomit up their meat, let them take such Medicines as stay vomiting presently after meat, at the conclusion of their Meals, that so they may close up the mouth of the stomach; and that is the reason why usually men eat a 〈◊〉 of 〈◊〉 after meat, because by its sowrness and binding it closeth the mouth of the stomach, thereby staying belching and vomiting. 10. In taking Purges be very careful, and that you may be so, observe these Rules, 1. Consider what the humour offending is, and let the Medicine be such as purgeth that humour, else will you weaken Nature, not the Disease. 2. Take notice, if the humour you would purge out be thin, then gentle Medicines will serve the turn, but if it be tough and viscous, take such Medicines as are cutting and opening the night before you would take the Purge. 3. In purging tough humours, sorbear as much as may be such Medicines as leave a binding quality behind them. 4. Have a care of taking Purges when your Body is astringent; your best way, is first to open it by a Clyster. 5. In taking opening Medicines, you may safely take them at night, eating but a light supper three or four hours before, and the next morning drinking a draught of warm Posset-drink, and you need not fear to go about your business. In this manner you may take Lenitive Electuary, Diacatholicon, Pulp of Cassia, and the like gentle Electuaries, as also all Pills that have neither Diagrydium nor Colocynthis in them. But all violent Purges require a due ordering of the Body, such aught to be taken in the morning after you are up, and not to sleep after them before they have done working, at least before night; two hours after you have taken them, drink a draught of warm Posset-drink, or Broth, and six hours after eat a bit of Mutton, often walking about the Chamber; let there be a good fire in the Chamber, and stir not out of the Chamber till the Purge have done working, or not till next day. Lastly, Take sweeting Medicines when you are in bed, covered warm, and in the time of your sweeting drink Posset-drink as hot as you can drink it; if you sweat for a Fever, boil Sorrel and red Sage in your Posset-drink, sweat an hour or longer if your strength will permit, than (the chamber being kept very warm) shift yourself all but your Head, about which (the Cap which you sweat in being still kept on) wrap a Napkin very hot, to repel the vapours back. I confess these, or many of these Directions may be found in one place of the Book or other, and I delight as little to write tautology as another, but the Printer desiring they should be put here, and I considering it might make for the public good, inserted them; if notwithstanding any will be so mad to do themselves a mischief, the fault is not mine. The TRANSLATORS PREFACE to the Catalogue of SIMPLES. BEfore I begin the Catalogue, I thought good to premise a few words to the Reader. 1. Let him have a care he mistake not one thing for another; viz. Herbs for Roots, or either of them for Flowers: If he cast but his eye up to the top of the Page he shall there see which it is. 2. Let a due time be observed (cases of necessity excepted) in gathering all Simples; for which take these few Rules. The time to gather all roots is before the herb run up to seed, for than they are softest, as you may see by Radishes, carrots, parsneps etc. the roots of which, you may perceive hard when they run up to seed and not because the sap is then in the root, as the vulgar hold; for if the sap rose and fell as they hold, than the root must grow in winter only, as the branches do in Summer, which experience will show to be false; for the root grows only in Summer, as the branches do; you see what a wooden Doctor Tradition is: Would not this make every one endeavour to Study a reason for what he doth? and see how our forefathers have been lead by the noses by Tradition. The truth is, it is the Sun is the author of life and growth to the whole Creation, he was ordained of God for that end; when he comes on this side of the Equator, the trees spring, when he passeth to the south side of the Equator they lose their verdant colour and growth also till the revolution of time bring his presence to revive them; but enough of this in this place. Herbs are to be gathered when they are fullest of juice which is, before thy run up to seed; and if you gather them in a hot sunshine day, they will not be so subject to putrify: the best way to dry them, is in the Sun, according to Dr. REASON, though not according to Dr. TRADITION: Such Herbs as remain green all the year, or are very full of juice, it were a folly to dry at all, but gather them only for present use, as Housleek, Scurvygrass etc. Let Flowers be gathered when they are in their prime, in a sunshine day, and dried in the sun. Let the Seeds be perfectly ripe before they be gathered. 3. Let them be kept in a dry place; for any moisture, though it be but a moist air, corrupts them, which if perceived in time, the beams of the Sun will refresh the herbs and flowers and do the Sun no harm. 4. Take notice, that only the Latin Names, were quoted by the College, & are to beseen at the beginning of each Simple, in a different Letter; the English Name, together with the Temperature, and Virtues, were added by the Translator for the public good. 5. All the Latin Names to one Herb are not set down, most of which are superfluous, some ridiculons, some Idolatrous; as to attribute one Herb, to the Virgin Mary, another to St. Peter, and a third to St. Paul: Some blasphemous as to call one, the holy Ghost, another Allelujah, another, an Herb of the Trinity etc. So in the Compositions, To call an Ointment, the Ointment of the Apostles: to call one Plaster, Divine, another, Holy, a third, the grace of God. The College might have been ashamed of it if they had ever come where shame grew: but,. 1. The Heathen they dedicated herbs and trees to their Gods. 2. the Papists they must follow their patriarches and dedicate them to their Saints; Ours having not wit enough to find out a third, (for their wits were in print before they were born) they follow the Papists as their holy Fathers as in absconding their art so in their blasphemies, see how one sin ushers in another. A CATALOGUE OF THE SIMPLES CONDUCING TO THE DISPENSATORY. ROOTS. ACANTHI, Brancae Ursinae. Of Bearsbreech, or Brank-ursine; it is meanly hot and dry, it helps ache and numbness of the joints, and is of a binding quality, good for wounds and broken bones. Dioscorides saith, they are profitable for Ruptures, or such as are bursten, or burnt with fire, a drachm of the Root in Powder being taken in the morning fasting, in a Decoction made with the same Root and Water. Acori, Veri, Perigrini vulgaris, etc. See Calamus Aromaticus. I shall not, nor dare not make a long Paraphrase about the sorts of it, one of which is Waterflag, or Flower-de-luce, which is hot and dry in the second degree, binds, strengthens, stops fluxes of the belly, and immoderate flowing of the terms in women, a drachm being taken in red wine every morning. Alljum. Garlic. It is hot and dry in the fourth degree, breeds naughty and corrupt blood, yet is an enemy to all Poisons, and such as are bitten by cold venomous beasts, viz. Adders, Toads, Spiders, etc. it provokes urine, and expels wind. Alcannae. Of Privet. See the Leaves. Althaeae. Of Marshmallows: are meanly hot, of a digesting softening nature, ease pains, help bloody fluxes, the stone and gravel; being bruised and well boiled in Milk, and the Milk drunk, is a gallant Remedy for the gripe of the belly, and the Bloody flux: If a Fever accompany the Disease, boil a handful of common Mallow leaves with a handful of these Roots. Angelicae. Of Angelica; is hot and dry in the third degree, strengthens the heart exceedingly, and is a singular remedy against pestilence and poison, half a drachm taken in the morning fasting. Anchusae. Of Alkanet; cold and dry, binding, good for old Ulcers. Anthorae. An outlandish root, the counterpoison for Monkshood, it is an admirable remedy for the wind-chollick, and resists poison. They that would know more of it, let them read Guainerius, and Solerius, both which lived near the places where it plentifully grew. Apii. Of Smallage. See the Barks. Aristolochiae. Of Birthwort: of which are three sorts, long, round, and climbing: All hot and dry in the third degree. The long, being drunk in Wine, brings away Dioscorides. both birth and afterbirth, and whatsoever a careless Midwife hath left behind. Galen. The round, being drunk with Wine, helps (besides the former) stuff of the lungs, hardness of the spleen, ruptures, convulsions; both of them resist poison. I never read any use of the climbing Birthwort. Artanitae, Cyclaminis, &c, Of Showbread: hot and dry in the third degree, a most violent purge, dangerous; outwardly applied to the place, it profits much in the bitings of venomous beasts, also being hung about women in labour, it causeth speedy deliverance. See the Herb. Arundinis, Vallatoriae, & Saccharinae. Of common Reeds and sugar Reeds. The Roots of common Reeds applied to the place draw out thorns, case sprains; the ashes of them mixed with Vinegar, take scurf, or dandrif off from the head, and prevent the falling off of the hair, they are hot and dry in the second degree, according to Galen. I would not have the Reader build too much confidence upon the degrees of temperature (or more properly intemperature) neither of this, or any other Simple, because most of them are quoted by Outlandish Authors; and out of question the difference of the climate may something alter their temperature in degree. I never read any virtue of the Root of Sugar Cane. Ariosto, etc. Of Cuckow-pints, or Wake-Robin, hot and dry in the third degree. I know no great good they do inwardly taken, unless to play the rogue withal, or make sport: outwardly applied, they take off Scurf, Morphew, or Freckles from the face, and clear the skin, and case the pains of the Gout. Asclepiadis, vincetoxici. Of Swallow-wort, hot and dry, good against poison, and gripe of the belly, as also against the bitings of mad-dogs, taken inwardly. Asari. Of Asarabacca: the Roots are a safer purge than the Leaves and not so violent, I do not much fancy any of them both, ignorant people had better let them alone than be too busy with what they have no skill in: they purge by vomit, stool, and urine, they are profitable for such as have Agues, Dropsies, stops of the Liver, or Spleen, green sickness. Asparagi. Of Asparagus, or Sperage: they are temperate in quality, opening, they provoke urine, and cleanse the reins and bladder, being boiled in white wine, and the wine drunk. Asphodeli, Hastae Regiae, foem. Of King's spear, or female Asphodel. I know no physical use of the Roots, probably there is: for I do not believe God created any thing of no use. Asphodeli, Albuci, maris, of male Asphodel. Hot and and dry in the second degree. Inwardly taken, they provoke vomit, urine, and the terms in women: outwardly used in Ointments, they cause hair to grow, cleanse Ulcers, take away Morphew and Freckles from the face. Bardanae etc. Of Bur, Clot-bur, or Burdock, Dioscorides. temperately hot and dry. Helps such as spit blood and matter, bruised and mixed with Apuleius. salt and applied to the place, helps the bitings of mad-dogs. It expels wind, easeth pains of the teeth, strengthens the back, helps the running of the reins, and the whites in women, being taken inwardly. Behen. alb. rub. Of Valerian, white and red. Mesue, Serapio and other Arabians say they are hot and moist, in the latter end of the first, or beginning of the second degree, and comfort the heart, stir up lust. The Grecians held them to be dry in the second degree, that they stop fluxes, and provoke urine. Bellidjs. Of Dacies. See the Leaves. Betae, nigrae, albae, rubrae. Of Beets, black, white, and red; as for black Beets I have nothing to say, I doubt they are as rare as black Swans. The red Beet root boiled and preserved in Vinegar, makes a fine cool, pleasing, cleansing, digesting sauce. See the Leaves. Bistortae etc. Of Bistort, or Snakeweed, cold and dry in the third degree, binding, the quantity of half a dram at a time taken inwardly, resist pestilence and poison, helps ruptures, and bruises, stays fluxes, vomiting, and immoderate flowing of the terms in women, helps inflammations and soreness of the mouth, and fastens loose teeth, being bruised and boiled in white Wine and the mouth washed with it. Borraginis. Of borage, hot and moist in Dioscoride. the first degree, cheers the heart, helps drooping spirits. Brionae etc. Of Briony both white and black, they are both hot and dry, some say in the third degree, and some say, but in the first: they purge phlegm and watery humours, but they trouble the stomach much, they are very good for dropsies; the white is most in use, and is admirable good for the fits of the Mother; both of them externally used, take away Freckles, Sun-burning and Morphew from the face, and cleanse filthy Ulcers: It is but a churlish purge, but being let alone, can do no harm. Buglossi. Of Bugloss: Its virtues are the same with borage, and the Roots of either seldom used. Bulbus Vomitorius. A vomiting Root: I never read of it elsewhere by this general name. Calami Aromatici. Of Aromatical Reed, or sweet garden flag: It provokes Urine, strengthens the lungs, helps bruises, resists poison, etc. being taken inwardly in powder, the quantity of half a drachm at a time. In beating of it be very speedy, for the strength will quickly fly out. You may mix it with Syrup of Violets, if your body be feverish. Capparum. Of Cappar Roots. Are hot and dry in the second degree, cutting and cleansing; they provoke the Terms, help malignant Ulcers, case the Toothache, assuage Swellings, and help the Rickets. See Oil of Cappers. Cariophillatae etc. Of Avens, or Herb Bennet. The Roots are dry, and something hot, of a cleansing quality, they keep garments from being motheaten. See the Leaves. Caulium. Of Coleworts. I know nothing the Roots are good for, but only to bear the the herbs and flowers. Centaurij Majoris. Of Centaury the greater. The Roots help such as are bursten, such as spit blood, shrinking of sinews, shortness of wind, Coughs, Convulsions, Cramps: half a drachm in powder being taken inwardly, either in Muschadel, or in a Decoction of the same Roots. They are either not at all, or very scarce in England, our Centaury is the small Centaury. Cepae. Of Onions. Are hot and dry (according to Galen) in the fourth degree: they cause dryness, and are extremely 〈◊〉 for choleric people, they breed but little nourishment, and that little is naught; they are bad meat, yet good Physic for phlegmatic people, they are opening, and provoke Urine, and the terms, if could be the cause obstructing; bruised and outwardly applied, they cure the bitings of mad dods; roasted and applied, they help Boils, and Aposthumes; raw, they take the fire out of burnings; but ordinarily eaten, they cause headache, spoil the sight, dull the senses, and fill the body full of wind. Chameleontis albi nigri etc. Of Chameleon white and black. Tragus calleth the Carline Thistle by the name of white Chameleon, the root whereof is hot in the second degree, and dry in the third; it provokes sweat, kills worms, resists pestilence and poison, it is given with success in pestilential fevers, helps the toothache, by being chewed in the mouth, opens the stops of the Liver and Spleen, it provokes urine, and brings down the terms: give but little of it at a time, by reason of its heat. As for the black Chemeleon, All Physicians hold it to have a kind of venomous quality, and unfit to be used inwardly, both Galen, Clusius, Nicander, Dioscorides, and Aegineta. Outwardly in Ointments, it is profitable for Scabs, Morphew, Tetters, etc. and all things that need cleansing. Chelidonij, majoris, minoris. Of Celondine, the greater and lesser: The greater is that which we usually call Celondine: The Root is manifestly hot and dry, cleansing and scouring, proper for such as have the yellow Jaundice, it opens obstructions of the Liver; being boiled in white Wine, and the Decoction drunk; and if chewed in the mouth it helps the toothache. 〈◊〉 the lesser is that which usually we call Pilewort, which though Galen, and Dioscorides teach to be hot in the fourth degree, and might happily be so in those Countries where they lived, yet with us it scarce exceeds the first degree, the Juice of the root mixed with Honey and snuffed up into the nose, purgeth the Head, helps the Hemorrhoids or Piles being bathed with it, as also doth the root only carried about one, being made into an Ointment helps the * Scrophula. disease in the neck commonly called the Kings Evil. China, wonderfully extenuateth and drieth, provoketh sweat, resisteth putrefaction, it strengthens the Liver, helps the Dropsy and malignant Ulcers, Leprosy, Itch, and French-pox, and is profitable in Diseases coming of fasting. It is commonly used in diet drinks for the premises. Cichoris. Of Succory; cools and dries in the second degree, strengthens the Liver and Veins, it opens obstructions, stops of the Liver and Spleen, being boiled in white Wine and the Decoction drunk. Colchici. Of Meadow-Saffron. The Roots are held to be hurtful to the stomach, therefore I let them alone. Consolidae, majoris, minoris. Consolida major, is that which we ordinarily call Comfry; it is of a cold quality, yet pretty temperate, of such a gluttonous quality that according to Dioscorides they will join meat together that is cut in sunder, if they be boiled with it; it is excellent for all wounds, both internal and external, for spitting of blood, Ruptures or Burstness, pains in the back, it strengthens the Reins, it stops the Terms, and helpeth Hemorrholds. The way to use them is to boil them in water and drink the Decoction. Consolida minor, is that we call selfheal, and the Latins Prunella. See the Herb. Costi utriusque. Of Costus both sorts, being Roots coming from beyond Sea, hot and dry, break wind, being boiled in Oil, it is held to help the Gout by anointing the grieved place with it. Cucumeris agrestis. Of wild cucumber Roots, or Cowcumber as the vulgar call them; they purge phlegm, and that with such violence, that I would advise the Country man that knows not how to correct them, to let them alone. Cinarae etc. Of Artichokes. The Root purgeth by Urinal, whereby the rank savour of the body is much amended. Cynoglossae etc. Of Houndstong. Cold and dry: being roasted and laid to the fundament, helps the Hemorrhoids, is also good against burnings and Scaldings. Curcumae. Of Turmerick, hot, in the third degree, opens obstructions, is profitable against the yellow Jaundice, and cold distempers of the Liver and Spleen, half a drachm being taken at night going to bed in the pulp of a roasted Apple, and if you add a little Saffron to it, it will be the better by far. Cyperi utriusque, longi, rotundi. Of Cyperus grass, or English Galanga, both sorts, long and round; is of a warming nature, provokes urine, breaks the Stone, provokes the Terms; the Ashes of them (being burnt) is used for Ulcers in the mouth, Cankers, etc. Dauci. Of Carrots. Are moderately hot and moist, breed but little nourishment, and it extreme windy; I omit what virtues Galen writes of them, as being confident there was such a difference between them, that our Carrots will never answer those effects, or if any do, 'tis the wild kind. Dentaria majoris etc. Of Tooth-wort, toothed Violets, or Coral-wort; they are drying, binding, and strengthening; are good to ease pains in the sides and bowels; also being boiled, the 〈◊〉 is said to be good to wash green Wounds and Ulcers with. Dictamni. Of Dittany: is hot and dry in the third degree, 〈◊〉 travail in women, provokes the Terms. (See the Leaves.) 〈◊〉. Of Doronicum, a supposed kind of Wolf-bane: I am of opinion that Serapio and 〈◊〉 and other Arabian Physicians did not intend that Root we now use for Doronicum when they wrote so much against it, I shall adhear to the judgement of 〈◊〉, which is verified by daily experience; It is hot and dry in the third degree, strengthens the heart, is a sovereign cordial, and preservative against the Pestilence; It helps the Vertigo or swimming of the head, is admirable against the bitings of Venomous beasts, and such as have taken too much Opium, as also for Lethargies, the Juice helps hot 〈◊〉 in the eyes; a scruple of the Root in powder is 〈◊〉 to take at one time. 〈◊〉, Dracunculi. Divers Authors attribute 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 to this name, it is most probable Mathiolus. to me that they mean Dragons, the Roots Dioscorides. of which cleanse mightily, and take away proud, or dead flesh, the very smell of them is hurtful for women with Child, outwardly in Ointments, they take away Scurf, Morphew, and Sun-burning; I would not wish any unless very well read in Physic, to take them inwardly. Ebuli. Of 〈◊〉 Elder, Walwort, or Danewort; hot and dry in the third degree; the Roots are as gallant a purge for the 〈◊〉 as any is under the Sun, which besides the Authority of the Ancient, was often proved by the never dying Dr. Butler of Cambridg, as myself have it in a Manuscript of his. You may take a drachm or two drachms (if the Patient be strong) in white Wine at a tim. Echij. Of Viper's Bugloss, or Wild Bugloss: I warrant you if Authors had not differed about this herb, the College would have set down five or six names to have explained their meaning, as they usually do where they need not: I have set down the most usual name, and always quote the virtues to what I set down: They say the root of this being carried in one's hand, no venomous beast will bite him, (and so they say of Dragons which I forgot before) so that you may walk without danger amongst Adders, Vipers, and Serpents; (but I believe you had best have a care you do not tread upon them): this root is cold and dry, good for such as are bitten by venomous beasts, either being boiled in Wine and drunk, or bruised and 〈◊〉 to the place; being also boiled in Wine and drunk, it increaseth milk in Nurses. Ellebori, Veratri, albi, nigri. Of Hellebore, white and black. The root of white Hellebore, or Sneezwort, being grated and 〈◊〉 up the nose, causeth Sneezing, kills Rats, and Mice, being mixed with their meat: it is but a scurvy, churlish Medicine; being taken inwardly, and therefore better let alone than used; and yet Dr. Bright commends it for such as are mad through Melancholy. Others are of opinion such harsh Medicines are not convenient for so sullen an humour, and of that opinion am I myself: If you will use it, for sneezing, let your head and neck be wrapped hot for fear of carching cold. Black Hellebore, Bears-foot, or Christmas flower; both this and the former are hot and dry in the third degree. This is nothing so violent nor dangerous as the former, Both Galen, and Julius Alexandrinus, report the roots of this boiled in Vinegar to be an admirable remedy against inveterate Scabs, Itch and Leprosy, the same helps the Toothache, being held in the mouth, and dropped into the ears, help deafness coming of Melancholy, and noise in the ears; a You must boil them but very little, for the strength will soon fly out in vapour. corrected with a little Cionamon (in powder) it purgeth Melancholy, resisteth Madness. Also Pliny, Absyrtus, and Columella, affirm that a piece of root put into a hole made in the ear of a beast troubled with the Cough, or that hath taken any poison, and drawn quite through next day about that time, helpeth them: out of question it is a special thing to rowel cattle withal. Enulae Campanae, Helenij. Of Elecampane. Is hot and dry in the third degree, wholesome for the stomach, resists poison, helps old Coughs and shortness of breath, helps Ruptures and provokes lust: in Ointments, it is good against Scabs and Itch. Endiviae etc. Of Endive. Garden Endive which is the root here specified, is held to be somewhat colder, though not so dry and cleansing as that which is wild, it cools hot stomaches, hot livers, amends the blood corrupted by heat, and therefore must needs be good in Fevers; it cools the Reins, and therefore prevents the Stone, it opens obstructions and provokes Urine, you may bruise the root and boil it in white wine, 'tis very harmless. Eringij. Of Eringo, or Sea-holy: the roots are moderately hot, something drying and cleansing, bruised and applied to the place, they help the Scrophula, or diseace in the throat called the King's Evil, they break the Stone, increase seed, stir up lust, provoke the Terms etc. Esulae, majoris, minoris. Of Spurge the greater and lesser; they are both (taken inwardly) too violent for a vulgar use; outwardly in Ointments they cleanse the Skin, and take away sunburning. Filicis etc. Fearn, of which are two grand distinctions, viz. male and female; I suppose they intent the male here, because they adjoin some other names to it, which the Greeks attributed only to the male, the female is that which we in Sussex call Brakes; both of them are hot and dry, and excellent good for the Rickets in children, and diseases of the Spleen, but dangerous for women with child. Filipendulae. Of Dropwort, The roots are hot and dry in the third degree, opening, cleansing, yet somewhat binding, they provoke Urine, case pains in the bladder, and are a good preservative against the Falling sickness. Foeniculi. Of Fennl: The root is hot and dry, some say in the third degree, opening; it provokes Urine, and the Terms, strengthens the Liver, and is good against the dropsy. Fraxini. Of Ash-tree. I know no great virtues in Physic of the roots. Galangae, majoris, minoris. Galanga commonly called Galingal, the greater and lesser: They are hot and dry in the third 〈◊〉 and the lesser are accounted the hotter, it strengthens the stomach exceedingly, and takes away the pains thereof coming of cold or wind, the smell Mathiolus of it strengthens the brain, it relieves saint hearts, takes away windiness of the womb, heats the Reins, and provokes lust: you may take half a drachm at a time. Gentianae, Of Gentian, called so from * Gentius a Prince. his name that first found it out, some call it Felwort, and Baldmoney. It is hot, clenssng, and scouring, a notable counterpoison, it opens obstructions, helps the bitings of venomous beasts, and mad dogs, helps digestion, and cleanseth the body of raw humours; our Chyrurgians use the root in form of a tent, to open the sore, they are also very profitable for Ruptures, or such as are burst, 〈◊〉. Of Liquoris; the best that is grows in England: it is hot and moist in temperature, helps the roughness of the Windpipe, Hoarseness, diseases in the Kidneys, and Bladder, and ulcers in the Bladder, (which in my opinion is a very difficult thing to cure, although curable) it concocts raw humours in the stomach, helps difficulty of breathing, is profitable for all salt humours; the root dried and beaten into powder and the powder put into the eye, is a special remedy for a Pin and a Web. Graminis. Of Grass, such as in London they call Couch-Grass, and Squitch-grass, in Sussex Dog-Grass. It gallantly provokes Urine, and easeth the Kidneys 〈◊〉 with Gravel, gripe of the belly, and difficulty of Urine. Let Galen. such as are troubled with these Diseases, drink 〈◊〉. a draught of white Wine, wherein these Roots (being bruised) have been boiled for their morning's draught; if they find ease, let them thank God, if not, let them blame me. Bruised and applied to the place, they speedily help green Wounds. Hermodactyli. Of Hermodactils. They are hot and dry, purge phlegm, especially from the joints, therefore are good for Gouts, and other Diseases in the Joints. Their vices are corrected with long Pepper, Ginger, Cinnamon, or Mastic: I would not have unskilful people too busy with Purges. Hyacinthi. Of Jacinths: The Roots are dry in the first degree, and cold in the second; they stop looseness, bind the belly. Iridis, vulgaris, & Florentinae, etc. Orris, or Flower-de-luce (after the French name) both that which grows with us, and that which comes from Florence. They are hot and dry in the third degree, resist poison, help shortness of the breath, provoke the terms; the Root being green and bruised, takes away blackness and blewness of a stroke being applied thereto. Imperitoriae etc. Of Masterwort. The Root is hot and dry in the third degree; mitigates the rigour of agues, helps Dropsies, provokes Sweat, breaks Carbuncles, and Plague-sores being applied to them; it is very profitable being given inwardly in bruises. Isatidis, Glasti. Of Woad. I know no great Physical virtue in the Root. See the Herb. Labri Veneris, Dipsaci. Fullers-Thistle, Teazle. The Root being boiled in Wine till it be thick (quoth Discorides) helps by unction the clefts of the Fundament, as also takes away Warts and Wens. Galen saith, they are dry in the second degree: and I take it all Authors hold them to be cold and dry. Lactucae. Of Lettuce. I know no Physical virtue residing in the Roots. Lauri. Of the Bay-tree. The Bark of the Root, drunk with Wine, provokes Urine, breaks the Stone, opens obstructions of the Liver and Galen. Spleen. But according to Dioscorides is naught for women with Child. Lapathi acuti, Oxylapathi. Sorrel, according to Galen: but Sharp-pointed-Dock, according to Dioscorides: But which the College intends, I know not. The Roots of Sorrel are held to be profitable against the Jaundice. Of Sharp-pointed Dock; cleanse, and helps Scabs, and Itch. Levistici, Of Lovage. They are hot and dry, and exceeding good for any diseases coming of wind. 〈◊〉 albi. Of white 〈◊〉. The Root is something hot and dry, helps Burnings, softens the Womb, provokes the Terms; if boiled in Wine, is given with good success in rotten Fevers, Pestilences, and all Diseases that require suppuration: (it being outwardly applied) helps Ulcers in the head, and amends the ill colour of the face. Malvae. Of Mallows. They are cool, and digesting, resist Poison, and help Errosions, or gnawing of the bowels, or any other part; as also Ulcers in the Bladder. See Marsh-mallows. Mandagorae. Of Mandrakes. A Root dangerous for its coldness, being cold in the fourth 〈◊〉, the Root is scarcy, and dangerous for the vulgar to use; therefore I leave it to those that have skill. Mechoachanae. Of Mechoacan. It is corrected with Cinnamon, is temperate, yet drying, purgeth phlegm chiefly from the head and joints, it is good for old diseases in the head, and may safely be given even to Feverish bodies, because of its temperature, it is also profitable against Coughs and pains in the Reins; as also against the French-Pox: the strong may take a dram at a time. Mei etc. Spignel. The Roots are hot and dry in the second or third degree, and send up unwholesome vapours to the head; and therefore seeing God hath alootted such plentiful Remedy for those maladies, this Root conduceth to the cure of: I pass it by with silence. Mezerei etc. Of Spurge Olive, or Widdow-wail. See the Herb, if you think it worth the seeing. Merorum Celci. Of the Mulberry-tree. The bark of the Root is bitter, hot and dry, opens stops of Liver and Spleen, purgeth the belly, and kills worms, boiled in Vinegar, helps the toothache. Morsus Diaboli, Succisae etc. Devilsbit. See the Herb. Nardi Spicae, Indicae, Celticae. Of spikenard, Indian, and Celtique. Celtic Nard, according to Rondetitius wonderfully provokes Urine. They are both hot and dry, but I let the degree alone, till the Learned are agreed about it: The Indian also provokes Urine, and stops fluxes, helps windiness of the Stomach, resisteth the pestilence, helps gnawing pains of the Stomach, and dries up Rheums that molest the head. The Celtic Spicknard performs the same offices though in a weaker measure. Nenupharis, Nymphae. Of Water-lilies. They are cold and dry, and stop lust: I never dived so deep to find any other virtue the Roots have. Ononidis, Arrestae Bovis etc. Of Cammock, or Restharrow: so called because it makes Oxen stand still when they are ploughing. The Roots are hot and dry in the third degree; it breaks the Stone, (viz. the bark of it) the Root itself, according to Pliny, helps the Falling-sickness, according to Mathiolus, helps Ruptures; you may take half a dram at a time. Ostrutij. Masterwort: given once before under the name of Imperitoria. But I have something else to do than to write one thing twice as they did. Pastinatae, Sativae, & silvestris. Garden and wild Parsnips. They are of a temperate quality, inclining something to heat: the Garden Parsnips provoke lust, and nourish as much and more too, than any Root ordinarily eaten; the Wild are more Physical, (and so are usually all Wild Plants, I could give reasons for it if I durst spend time and paper) being cutting, cleansing, and opening; they resist the bitings of venomous beasts, ease pains and stitches in the sides, and are a sovereign Remedy against the Wind Colic. Pentaphyllis Of cinquefoil: Commonly called Five-leaved, or Five-fingered grass; the Root is very drying, but very moderately hot: It is admirable against all Fluxes, and stops blood flowing from any part of the body, it helps infirmities of the Liver and Lungs, helps putrified ulcers of the mouth, the Root boiled in Vinegar is good against the Shingles, and appeaseth the rage of any fretting sores. You may sasely take a drachm at a time in any convenient Liquor. Petacitae. Of butter-burr. The Roots are hot and dry in the second degree, they are exceeding good in violent and pestilential Fevers, they provoke the Terms, expel Poison, and kill Worms. Peucedani, foeniculi porcini. Of Sulphur-wort, Hog-fennel, or Hore-strange. It is very good applied to the navils of Children that stick out, Ruptures; held in the mouth, it is a present Remedy for the fits of the Mother; it being tataken inwardly, gives speedy deliverance to women in travail, and brings away the afterbirth. Poeoniae, maris, foemellae. Of Peony, male, and female. They are meanly hot, but more drying, the male is more effectual in operation than the female (say Authors) and yet quoth Dr. Reason, why should not the male be best for men, and the female for women? The Root helps women not sufficiently purged after travail, it provokes the Terms, and helps pains in the Belly, as also in the Reins and Bladder, Falling-sickness, and Convulsions in children, being either taken inwardly or hung about their necks. You may take half a drachm at a time, and less for children. Phu, Valerinae, majoris, minoris. Valerian, or Setwal, greater and lesser. They are temperately hot, the greater provoke Urine and the Terms, helps the Strangury, stays Rheums in the Head, and takes away the pricking pains thereof. The lesser resists Poison, assuageth the swelling of the Cod, coming either through wind or cold, helps cold taken after sweeting or labour, Wind Colic; outwardly it draws out thorns, and cures both Wounds and Ulcers. Pimpinellae etc. Of Burnet. It doth this good, To bring forth a gallant Physical Herb. Plantaginis. Of Plantain. The Root is something drier than the Leaf, but not so cold, it opens stoppages of the Liver, helps the Jaundice and Ulcers of the Reins and Bladder. Dioscorides affirmeth that one Root helpeth a Quotidian Ague, three a Tertain, and four a Quartan, which though our late writers hold to be fabulous, yet there may be a greater truth in it than they are aware of; yet I am as loath to make Superstition a foundation to build on as any of them, let Experience be Judge, and then we weigh not modern Jury Men. A little bit of the Root being eaten, instantly stays pains in the Head, even to admiration. Polypodij. Of Polypodium, or Fearn of the Oak. It is a gallant, though gentle purger of Melancholy; Also in the opinion of Mesue (as famous a Physician as ever I read for a Gallenist) it dries up superfluous Humours, takes away swellings from the hands, feet, knees, and joints, stitches, and pains in the sides, infirmities of the Spleen, Rickets: correct it with a few Annis seeds, or Fennel seeds, or a little Ginger, and then the stomach will not loathe it. Your best way of taking it, is to bruise it well, and boil it in white Wine till half be consumed, you may put in much, 〈◊〉 little, according to strength of the Diseased, it works very safely. I can give no better reason why Polypodium of the Oak should be the best, unless because 'tis rarest, it draws either very little sap from the Oak, or none at all; or if it did, the reason were as far to seek. I am of opinion, that which grows on the ground is the best to evacuate Melancholy, but it is more Sympathetical. Poligonatis, sigilli Solomonis etc. Of Solomon's Seal. Let it be no dishonour to Galen nor Dioscorides that English men have found out in late days that these Roots may safely be given inwardly; Intruth they may be excused if the difference of the climates they and we lived, and now live in, be but considered, neither I hope will my Country men blame me for following only Dr. Experience in the virtues of this Root: stamped and boiled in Wine it speedily helps (being drunk I mean, for it will not do the deed by looking upon it) all broken bones, it is of an incredible virtue that way; as also being stamped and applied to the place it soon heals all Wounds, and quickly takes away the black and blue marks of blows, being bruised and applied to the place, and for these, I am persuaded there is not a better Medicine under the Sun (or as Copernicus and Kipler will have it above the Sun.) Porri. Of Leeks. They say they are hot and dry in the fourth degree, they breed but ill favoured nourishment at the best, they spoil the eyes, heat the body, cause troublesome sleep, and are noisome to the stomach, yet are they good for something else (than only to stick in welshmen's hats) for the juice of them dropped into the ears, takes away the noise of them, mixed with a little Vinegar and snuffed up the nose, it stays the bleeding of it; they are better of the two boiled then raw, but both ways exceeding hurtful for Ulcers in the bladder; and so are Onions and Garlic. Prunellorum Silvestrium. Of Slo-bush, or Slo-tree. I think the College set this amongst the roots only for fashion sake, and I did it because they did. Pyrethri Salivaris etc. Pelitory of Spain. It is hot and dry in the foutrh degree, chewed in the mouth, it draws away Rewm in the Toothache; bruised and boiled in oil, it provokes sweat by unction; inwardly taken, they say it helps Pal sies and other cold effects in the brain and nerves. Rhapontici. Reupontick, or Reubarb of Pontus. It takes away windiness, and weakness of stomach, sigh, sobbings, spittings of blood, diseases of the Liver and Spleen, Rickets etc. if you take a dram at a time it will purge a little but bind much, and therefore fit for foul bodies that have fluxes. Rhabarbari. Of Reubarb. It gently purgeth Choler from the stomach and liver, opens stops, withstands the Dropsy, hypocondriac Melancholy, a little boiling takes away the virtue of it, and therefore it is best given by infusion only; If your body be any thing strong you may take two drams of it at a time being slised thin and steeped all night in white Wine, in the morning strain it out and drink the white Wine; it purgeth but gently, it leaves a binding quality behind it, therefore dried a little by the fire and beaten into powder, it is usually given in Fluxes. Rhaphani, Domesticae & sylvestris. Of Radishes, Garden and Wild. Garden Radishes provoke Urine, break the stone, and purge by urine exceedingly, yet breed very bad blood, are offensive to the stomach, and hard of digestion, hot and dry in quality. Wild, or Horse Radishes, such as grow in ditches, are hotter and drier than the former, and more effectual in the premises. Rhodie Rad. Rose Root, called (I suppose) by that name because of its sweetness. Stamped and applied to the head it mitigates the pains thereof, being somewhat cool in quality. Rhabarbari Monachorum. Patience, Monks-Reubarb, or BastardReubarb, It also purgeth, cleanseth the blood, opens obstructions of the liver. Rubiae tinctorum. Of Maddir. In this were Galen and Dioscorides quite beside the cushion, in saying this root was opening, and cleansing, when clean contrary; it is both drying and binding, yet not without some opening quality, for it helps the Yellow Jaundice, and therefore opens the obstructions of the Liver and Gall; it is given with good success to such as have had bruises by falls, stops Looseness, the Hemorrhoids, and the Terms in women. Rusci. Of Kneeholly, or Butchers-broom, or Bruscus. They are meanly hot and dry, provoke urine, break the stone, and help such as cannot piss freely. Use them like grass roots. Sambuci. Of Elder. I know no wonders the root will do. Sarsae-Parigliae, Of Sarsa-Parilla, or bindweed; somewhat hot and dry, helpful against pains in the head, and joints, they provoke sweat, and are used familiarly in drying Diet drinks. Satyrij utriusque. Of Satyrion, each sort. They are hot and moist in temper, provoke lust, and increase seed; each branch beareth two roots, both spongy, yet the one more solid than the other, which is of most virtue, and indeed only to be used, for some say the most spongy root is quite contrary in operation to the other, as the one increaseth, the other decreaseth; yet if in your eye they contend for dignities, put them both in water, and the most solid which is for use will sink, the other swim. Saxifragiae albae. Of white Saxifrage; in Sussex we call them Lady-smocks. The roots powerfully break the Stone, expel wind, provoke Urine, and cleanse the reins. Sanguisorbae. A kind of Burnet. Scabiosaer Of Scabious. The roots either boiled or beaten into powder and so taken, helps such as are extremely troubled with Scabs and Itch, are medicinal in the French-pox, hard swellings, inward wounds, being of a drying, cleansing, and healing faculty. Scordij. Of Scordium, or Water Germander. See the Herb. Scillae. Of Squils'. See the Vinegar, and Wine of Squils in the Compounds. Scrophulariae etc. Of Figwort. The roots being of the same virtue with the 〈◊〉, I refer you thither. Scorzonerae. Of Viper's grass. The root cheers the heart, and strengthens the vital spirits, resists poison, helps passions and tremble of the heart, faintness, sadness, and melancholy, opens stops of the liver and spleen, provekes the terms, easeth women of the sits of the mother, and helps swimmings in the head. Seseleos. Of Seseli, or Hart-wort. The roots provoke mine, helps the falling sickness. Sisari, secacul. Of Scirrets. They are hot and moist, of good nourishment, something windy, as all roots are; by reason of which, they provoke lust, they stir up apetitite, and provoke urine. I hope I may without offence forbear mentioning, Comfry, and black Briony, twice, though the College did not. Sonchi. Of Sowthistles. See the herb. Spinae Albae, Bedeguar. I scarce know what name to give it, that will please the College; Our English, both physicians and Apothecaries, call that ball of thread that grows upon the Briars, Bedeguar; but the Arabians called our Lady's thistles, by that name; The roots of which are drying and binding, stops fluxes, bleeding, takes away cold swellings, and case the pains of the teeth. Spatulae soctidae. Stinking Gladon, A kind of Flower-de-luce-, called so for its unsavoury smell: It is hot and dry in the third degree; outwardly they help the King's Evil, soften hard swellings, draw out broken benes: Inwardly taken, they help Convulsions, Ruptures, Bruises, Infirimities of the Lungs. Tamarisci. Of Tamaris. See the berbs, and Barks. Tanaceti. Of tansy. The root eaten, is a singular remedy for the Gout: the rich may bestow the cost to preserve it. Thapsi etc. A venomous root, outlandish: therefore no more of it. Tormentillae. Of Tormentil. A kind of Sinkfoil; dry in the third degree, but moderately hot; exceeding good in pestilences, provokes sweat, stays vomiting, cheers the heart, expels poison. 〈◊〉. Of Tresoyl. See the Herb. Tribuli Aquatici. OfWater caltrop's. The roots lie too far under water for me to reach to. Trachellij. Of Throatwort: by some called Canterbury Bells: by some Coventry Bels. They help diseases and ulcers in the throat. Trinitatis herbae. Hearts-ease, or Pansies. I know no great virtue they have. Tunicis. I shall tell you the virtues when I know what it is. Tripolij. The root purgeth phlegm, expels poison. Turbith. The root purgeth phlegm, (being hot in the third degree) chiefly from the exterior parts of the body: it is corrected with Ginger, or Mastic. Let not the vulgar be to busy with it. Tubernum. Of Toadstools. Whether these be roots or no, it matters not much: for my part I know but little need of them, either in food or Phyfick. Victorialis. An Outlandish kind of Garlic. They say, being hung about the neck of cattle that are blind suddenly, it helps them; and defends those that bear it, from evil spirits. Swallow-wort, and Teazles were handled before. Ulmariae, Reginae prati etc. Meadsweet. Cold and dry, binding, stops fluxes, and the immoderate flowing of the terms in women: you may take a drachm at a time. Urticae Of Nettles. See the Leaves. Zedoariae. Of Zedoary, or Setwal, This and Zurumbet, according to Rhazis, and Mesue, are all one; Avicenna thinks them different: I hold with Mesue; indeed they differ in form, for the one is long, the other round; they are both hot and dry in the second degree, expel wind, resist poison, stop Fluxes, and the terms, stay vomiting, help the Colic, end kill worms; you may take half a dram at a time. Zingiberis. Of Ginger. Helps digestion, warms the stomach, clears the sight, and is profitable for old men, heats the joints, and therefore is profitable against the Gout, expels Wind; it is hot and dry in the third degree. BARKS. APis Rad. Of the Roots of Smallage. Take notice here, That the Barks both of this Root, as also of Parsley, Fennel etc. is all that of the root which is in use, neither can it properly be called Bark, for it is all the Root, the hard pith in the middle excepted, which is always thrown away, when the roots are used. It is something hotter and drier than Parsley, and more medicinal; it opens stops, provokes urine, helps digestion, expels wind, and warms a cold stomach: use them like Grass Roots. Avellanarum. Of Hazel. The rind of the tree provokes Urine, breaks the Stone; the husks anp shells of the Nuts, dried and given in powder, stay the immoderate flux of the terms in women. Aurantiorum. Of Oranges. Both these, and also Lemons and Citrons, are of different qualities, the outward bark, viz. what looks red, is hot and dry, the white is cold and moist, the juice colder than it, the seeds hot and dry; the outward bark is that which here I am to speak to, it is somewhat hotter than that either of Lemons or Citrons, therefore it warms a cold stomach more, and expels wind better, but it strengthens not the heart so much. Berber etc. Barberries. The rind of the tree according to Clusius, being steeped in Wine, and the Wine drunk, purgeth Choler, and is a singular remedy for the yellow Jaundice. Boil it in white Wine and drink it. See the Directions at the beginning. Cassia Lignea etc. It is something more oily than Cinnamon, yet the virtues being not much different, I refer you thither. Capparis Rad. Of Caper Roots. See the Roots. Castanearum. Of Chestnuts. The bark of the Chestnut tree is dry and binding, and stops Fluxes. Cinnamomum. Cinnamom, and Cassia Lignea. Are hot and dry in the second degree, strengthens the stomach, helps digestion, causeth a sweet breath, resists poison, provokes urine, and the terms, causeth speedy delivety to women in travel, helps Coughs and Defluxions of humours upon the Lungs, Dropsies, and difficulty of Urin. In Ointments it takes away red pimples, and the like deformities from the face. There is scarce a better remedy for women in labour, than a drachm of Cinnamon newly beaten into powder and taken in white Wine. Citrij. Of Pome Citrons. The outward pill, which I suppose is that which is meant here: It strengthens the heart, resists poison, amends a stinking breath, helps digestion, comforts a cold stomach. Ebuli Rad. Of the Roots of Dwarf-Elder, or Walwort. See the Roots. Enulae. Of Elecampane. See the Roots. Esulae Rad. See the Roots. Fabarum. Of Beans. Bean Cod (or Pods, as we in Sussex call them) being burned, the ashes are a sovereign remedy for aches in the joints, old 〈◊〉, Gouts, and Sciaticas. Foenicull Rad. Of Fennel Roots. See the Roots, and remember the Observation given in Smallage at the beginning of the Barks. Fraxini Rad. Of the Bark of Ash tree Roots. That the virtue lies only in the Bark of the Root, I suppose it to be only nicety: but the Bark of the tree, helps the Rickets, is moderately hot and dry, stays Vomiting; being burnt, the Ashes made into an ointment, helps Leprosy, and other deformity of the skin, easeth pains of the spleen. You may lay the Bark in steep in white Wine for the Rickets, and when it hath stood so two or three days, let the diseased Child drink now and then a spoonful of it. Granatorum. Of Pomegranates. The rind or pill, cools, and forcibly binds, stays Fluxes, and the Terms in women, helps digestion, strengthens weak stomaches, fastens the teeth, and are good for such whose gums wast. You may take a drachm of it at a time inwardly. Pomegranate flowers are of the same virtue. Gatrujaci. See the Wood Juglandium Virid. Of green Walnuts. As for the outward green bark of Walnuts, I suppose the best time to take them is before the Walnuts be shelled at all, and then you may take Nuts and all (if they may properly be called Nuts at such a time) you shall find them exceeding comfortable to the stomach, they resist poison, and are a most excellent preservative against the Plague, inferior to none; they are admirable for such as are troubled with Consumptions of the lungs; the rich may keep them preserved; they that cannot do as they would, must be content to do as they may. viz. dry them and so keep them. Lauri. Of the Bay tree. See the Root. Limonum. Of Lemmons. The outward pill is of the nature of Citron, but held not so effectual; how ever let the poor Country man that cannot get the other, use this. Mandragorae. Rad. Be pleased to look back to the Root. Myrobalanorum. Of Myrobalans- See the Fruits. Macis. Of Mace. It is hot in the third degree, strengthens the stomach and heart exceedingly, and helps concoction. Maceris etc. It is held to be the inner bark of Nutmeg-tree, helps fluxes and spitting of blood. Petroselini Rad. Of Parsley Roots. opens obstructions, provokes urine and the terms, warms a cold stomach, expels wind and breaks the stone, use them as Grass Roots, and take out the inner pith as you were taught in Smallage roots Prunelli Silvestris. Of Sloe-tree. I know no use of it. Pinearum putaminae. Pine-shucks, or husks. I suppose they mean of the cones that hold the seeds; both those and also the bark of the tree, stop fluxes, and help the lungs. Querci. Of Oak-tree. Both the Bark of the Oak, and Acorn Cups are drying and cold, binding, stop fluxes and the terms, as also the running of the reins, have a care how you use them before due purging. Rhaphani. Of Radishes. I could never see any bark they had. Suberis. Of Cork. It is good for something Paulus. else besides to stop bottles; being dry and binding, stauncheth blood, helps fluxes, especially the ashes of it being burnt. Sambuci etc. Of 〈◊〉 Roots and Branches; purgeth water, helps the dropsy, Cort. Medius Tamaricis. The middle Bark of Tamaris, easeth the Spleen, helps the Rickets, you may use them as Ash-tree Bark. Tilliae. Of Linetree. Boiled, the water helps burnings. Thuris. Of Frankincense. I must plead Ignoramus. Ulmi. Of Elm. Moderately hot and cleansing, very good for wounds, burns, and broken bones. viz. boiled in water and the grieved place bathed with it. WOODS and their CHIPS OR (a) Scobs', properly signifies Sawdust. RASPING. A Gallochus, Lignum Aloes. Wood of Aloes; is moderately hot and dry: a good Cordial: a rich Perfume: a great strengthener to the stomach. Aspalathus. Rose-wood. There are divers Bushes called by the name of Aspalathus: But because the College have set it down amongst the Wood, (I suppose they mean the Tree) It is moderately hot and dry, stops looseness, provokes urine, and is excellent to cleanse filthy ulcers. Bresilium. Brassil. All the use I know of it is, to die Cloth, and Leather, and make red Ink. Buxus. Box. Many Physicians have written of it, but no physical virtue of it: I suppose the College quoted it only as a word of course. Cypressus. Cypress. The Wood laid amongst clothes, secures them from moths. See the Leaves. Ebenum. Ebeny. It is held by Dioscorides, to clear the sight, being either boiled in Wine, or burned the ashes. Gaujacum, Lignum vitae. Dries, attenuates, causeth sweat, resisteth putrefaction, is admirable good for the French pocks, as also for Ulcers, Scabs and Leprosy, it is used in diet drinks. Juniperus. Juniper. The smoke of the Wood, drives away Serpents; the ashes of it made into lie, cures Itch, and Scabs. Nephriticum. It is a light wood and comes from Hispaniola: being steeped in water, will soon turn it into a blue colour; it is hot and dry in the first degree, and so used as before, is an admirable remedy for the stone, as also for the obstructions of the liver and spleen. Rhodium. Increaseth Milk in Nurses. Santalum, album, rubrum, citrinum. White, red, and yellow Sanders: They are all cold and dry in the second or third degree: The red stops defluxions from any part, and helps inflammations; the white and yellow (of which the yellow is best) cool the heat of Feaveas, strengthen the heart, and cause cheerfulness. Sassafras. Is hot and dry in the second degree, it opens obstructions or stops, it strengthens the breast exceedingly, if it be weakened through cold, it breaks the stone, stays vomiting, provokes urine, and is very profitable in the French pòcks, used in diet drinks. Tamaris. Is profitable for the Rickets, and Burnings. Xylobalsamum. Wood of the Balsam tree. Is hot and dry in the second degree, according to Galen. I never read any great virtues of it. HERBS AND THEIR LEAVES. A Brotanum mas, foemina. Southernwood, male and female. Is hot and dry in the third degree, resists poison, kills worms, provokes lust; outwardly in plasters, it dissolves cold swellings, and helps the bitings of venomous beasts, makes hair grow: take not above half a drachm at a time in powder. Absinthium etc. Wormwood. It's several sorts, are all hot and dry in the second or third degrees, the common Wormwood is thought to be hottest, they all help weakness of the stomach, cleanse Choler, kill Worms, open Stops, help Surfeits, clear the Sight, resist Poison, cleanse the Blood, and secures clothes from Moths. Abugilissa etc. Alkanet. The Leaves are something drying and binding, but inferior in virtue to the Roots, to which I refer you. Acetosa. Sorrel. Is moderately cold and dry, binding, cutteth tough humours, cools the brain, liver, and stomach, cools the blood in Fevers, and provokes appetite. Acanthus. Bearsbreech, or Branch ursine. Is temperate, something moist. See the root. Adiantum, album, nigrum. Maiden hair, white and black. They are temperate, yet drying, white Maiden hair is that we usually call Wall-rue; they both open obstructions, cleanse the breast and lungs of gross slimy humours, provoke urine, help ruptures and shortness of wind. Adiantum Aureum, Politricum. Golden Maidenhair; its temperature and virtues are the same with the former; helps the Spleen; burned, and Lie made with the Ashes, keeps the hair from falling off from the head. Agrimonia. Agrimony. Galens Eupatorium: 〈◊〉. it is hot and dry in the first degree; binding, it Pliny. amends the infirmities of the liver, helps such as Dioscorides. piss blood, helps inward wounds, opens obstructions; outwardly applied it helps old sores, Serapio. ulcers etc. Inwardly it helps the Jaundice and the spleen: You may either take a drachm of this or that following at a time inwardly in white, or boil the herb in white Wine and drink the decoction. Ageratum. Mesue his Eupatorium. Maudlein. Is hot and dry in the second degree, provokes urine and the terms, dries the brain, opens stops, helps the green sickness, and profits such as have a cold, weak liver; outwardly applied, it takes away the hardness of the matrix, and fills hollow ulcers with flesh. Agnus Castus etc. Chast-tree. The Leaves are hot and dry in the third degree; expel wind, consume the seed, cause Chastity being only born about one, it dissolves swellings of the Cod's being applied to them, Headache, Lethargy. Also Dioscorides saith a branch of it preserves a traveller from weariness. Alleluja, Lujula etc. Wood Sorrel. It is of the temperature of other Sorrel, and held to be more cordial; cools the blood, helps ulcers in the mouth, hot defluctions upon the lungs, wounds, ulcers etc. Alcea. Vervain-Mallow. The root helps Aetius. fluxes and burstness. Dioscorides. Allium. Garlic. Hot and dry in the fourth degree, troublesome to the stomach, it dulls the sight, spoils a clear skin, resists poison, easeth the pains of the teeth, helps the bitings of mad dogs and venomous beasts, helps ulcers, leprosies, provokes urine, is exceeding opening, and profitable for dropsies. Althaea etc. Marsh-Mallows. Are moderately hot and drier than other Mallows; they help digestion, and mitigate pain, ease the pains of the stone, and in the sides. Use them as you were taught in the roots whose virtues they have, and both together will do better. Alsine. Chickweed. Is cold and moist without Galen. any binding, aswages swelling, and comforts the sinews much, and therefore is good for such as are shrunk up, it dissolves Aposthumes, hard swellings and helps mangy hands and legs, outwardly applied in a pultis. Alchymilla. Ladies-Mantle: is hot and dry, some say in the second degree, some in the third: Outwardly it helps wounds, reduceth women's breasts that hang bagging: inwardly, helps bruises, and ruptures, stays vomiting, and the whites in women, and is very profitable for such women as are subject to miscarry through cold and moisture. Alcanna. Privet; hath a binding quality, helps ulcers in the mouth, is good against burnings and scaldings, cherisheth the nerves or sinews: boil it in white Wine to wash your mouth, and in hog's grease for burnings and scaldings. Amaracus, Majorana. Margerum. Some say 'tis hot and dry in the second degree, some advance it to the third. Sweet Marjoram, is an excellent remedy for cold diseases in the brain, being only smelled to: helps such as are given to much sighing, easeth pains in the belly, provokes urine, being taken inwardly; You may take a drachm of it at a time in powder. Outwardly in Oils or Salves, it helpeth Sinews that are shrunk, Limbs out of joint, all aches and swellings coming of a cold cause. Angelica. Is hot and dry in the third degree, openeth, digesteth maketh thin, strengthens the heart, helps fluxes, and loathsomeness of meat, it is an enemy to poison and pestilence, provokes the term in women, and brings away the afterbirth. You may take a drachm at a time in powder. Anagallis, mass, foemina. Pimpernel, male and female. They are something hot and dry, and of such a drawing quality that they draw thorns and splinters out of the flesh, amend the Galen. sight, cleanse ulcers, help infirmities of the liver and reins. Anethum. Dill, is hot and dry in the second degree. Dioscorides saith, it breeds milk in Nurses. But Galen he denies it: Howsoever, it stays vomiting, easeth hiccoughs assuageth swellings, provokes Urine, helps such as are troubled with the fits of the mother, and digests raw humours. Apium. Smallage: So it is commonly used; but indeed all Parsley is called by the name of Apium, of which this is one kind. It is somewhat hotter and drier than Parsley, and more efficacious; it opens stops of the liver, and spleen, cleanseth the blood, provokes the terms, helps a cold stomach to digest its meat, and is singular good against the yellow Jaundice. Both Smallage and Clevers may be well used in pottage in the morning instead of Herbs. Aparine. Goose-grass, or Clevers; they are Dioscorides. meanly hot and dry, cleansing; helps the bitings of venomous beasts, keeps men's bodies from growing Pliny. too fat, helps the yellow jaundice, stays Galen. bleeding, fluxes, and helps green wounds. Tragus. Aspergula odorata. Woodroof: Cheers the heart, makes men merry, helps melancholy, and opens the stops of the liver. Aquilegia. Columbines; help sore throats, are of a drying, binding quality. Argentina. Silver-weed, or Wild tansy: cold and dry all most in the third degree; stops Lasks, Fluxes, and the Terms, good against Ulcers, the Stone, and inward Wounds, it stops the immoderate Flux of the Terms in women, if it be but worn in their shoes: easeth gripe in the belly, fasteneth loose teeth; outwardly it takes away Freckles, Morphew, and Sunburning, it takes away Inflammations; and bound to the wrists stops the violence of the fits of an ague. Artanita. Showbread: hot and dry in the third degree; it is so dangerous a purge that I dare not take it myself, therefore would I not advise others: outwardly in Ointments it takes away Freckles, Sunburning, and the marks which the Small Pocks leave behind them: dangerous for women with child, yea so dangerous, that both Dioscorides and Pliny say, it will make a woman miscarry if she do but stride over it. Aristolochia, longa, rotunda. Birthwort long and round. See the Roots. Artemisia. Mugwort; is hot and dry in the second degree; binding: an herb apropriated to the foemine sex, it brings down the terms, brings away both birth and after birth, easeth pains in the matrix. You may take a drachm at a time. Asparagus. See the Roots. Asarum etc. Asarabacca; hot and dry; provokes vomiting, and urine, and are good for dropsies; they are corrected with Mace or Cinnamon. A●riplex etc. Orach, or Arrach; it is cold in the first degree, and moist in the second, saith Galen, and makes the belly soluble. Dioscorides saith, they cure the yellow Jaundice. Lycus' Neop saith, they help such as have taken Cantharideses. Mathiolus saith, ( o I doubt he was mistaken. ) it purgeth upwards. and downwards. Hypocrates saith, it cools hot aposthumes, and St. Anthony's fire. It is certainly an admirable remedy for the fits of the mother and other infirmities of the matrix, and therefore the Latins call it Vulvaria. Auricula muris, major. Mouse ear, hot and dry, of a binding quality, it is admirable to heal wounds, inward or outward, as also ruptures or burstness, Edg-tools quenched in the juice of it, will cut Iron without turning the edge, as easy as they will lead, and lastly it helps the swelling of the Spleen, Coughs, and Consumptions of the lungs. At●ractilis hirsuta. Wild Bastard-saffron, Distaff-thistle, or Spindle-thistle; is dry and Galen. moderately digesting, helpeth the biting of venomous Dioscorides. beasts. Mesue saith, it is hot in the first degree, and dry in the second, and cleanseth the breast and lungs of tough phlegm: but if the College do intend Carduus Bened. by this, we shall talk with that by and by. Balsamita etc. Costmary, Alecost: See Maudlin, of which I take this to be one sort or kind. Barba jovis, sedum majus. Housleek or Sengreen: cold in third degree, profitable against the Shingles and other hot creeping ulcers, inflammations, St. Anthony's fire, frenzyes, it cools and takes away corns from the toes being bathed with the juice of it, and a skin of the leaf laid over the place, stops fluxes, helps scalding and burning. Bardana. Clot-bur, or Burdock, temperately dry and wasting, something cooling, it is held to be a good remedy against shrinking of the sinews, they ease pains in the bladder, provoke urine. Also Mizaldus saith that a leaf applied to the top of the head of a woman draws the Matrix upwards, but applied to the soles of the feet draws it downwards, and is therefore an admirable remedy for suffocations, precipitations, and dislocations of the Matrix, if a wise man have but the using of it. Beta, alba, nigra, rubra. Beets, white, black, and red, Black Beets I have, as yet, as little skill in as knowledge of. The white are something colder and moister than the red, both of them loosen the belly, but have little or no nourishment. Simeon Sethi tells a large story of several diseases they breed in the stomach. I scarce believe him. This is certain, the white, provoke to stool, and are more cleansing, open stops of the liver and spleen, help the vertigo or swimming in the head. The red stay fluxes, help the immoderate flowing of the terms in women, and are good in the yellow Jaundice. Benedicta Carrophyllata. Avens: hot and dry, help the colic and rawness of the stomach, stitches in the sides, help bruises, and take away clotted blood in any part of the body. Betonica vulgaris. Common or wood Betony; hot and dry in the second degree, helps the falling Galen. sickness, and all headaches coming of cold, cleanseth the breast and lungs, opens stops of the Liver and Spleen, as the Rickets, etc. procures appetite, helps sour belchings, provokes urine, breaks the stone, mitigates the pains of the reins and bladder, helps Cramps and Convulsions, resists Poison, helps the Gout, such as piss blood, madness and headache, kills worms, help bruises, and cleanseth women after their labour. You may take a drachm of it at a time in white Wine, or any other convenient liquor proper against the Disease you are afflicted with. Betonica Pauli etc. Paul's Betony, or male Lluellin, to which add Elatine or female Lluellin which comes afterwards; they are pretty temperate, stop defluxions of humours that fall from the head into the eyes, are profitable in wounds, helps filthy foul eating Cankers: Pena tells of one of her Country men, a Gentleman of Wales, who had her nose almost eaten off with the Pocks, yea it was so pitiful sore it had almost brought her to a Leprosy, & her was cured by only taking her own country Herb Lluellin inwardly, and applying the Herb outwardly to the place. Betonica Coronaria etc. Is Clove Gillyflowers. See the Flowers. Bellis. Daisies, are cold and moist in the second degree, they ease all pains, and swellings coming of heat, in Clysters they lose the belly, are profitable in Fevers, and inflammations of the stones, they take away bruises, and blackness and blewness: they are admirable in wounds and inflammations of the lungs or blood. Blitum. Blites. Some say they are cold and moist, others cold and dry, none mention any great virtues of them. Borrago. Borrage: hot and moist, comforts the heart, cheers the spirits, drives away sadness and melancholy, they are rather laxative than binding; help swooning and heart-qualms, breed special good blood; help consumptions, madness, and such as are much weakened by sickness. Bonus Henricus. Good Henry, or all good; hot and dry, cleansing, and scouring, inwardly taken it loosens the belly, outwardly, it cleanseth old sores and Ulcers. Botrys. Oak of Jerusalem: hot and dry in the 〈◊〉 degree, helps such as are shortwinded, cuts and wastes gross and tough phlegm, laid amongst clothes they preserve them from moths, and give them a sweet smell. Branca ursina. Bearsbreech. Brionia etc. Briony, white and black: both are hot and dry in the third degree, purge violently, yet are held to be wholesome Physic for such as have Dropsies, Vertigo, or swimming in the Head, Falling sickness etc. Certainly it is a scurvy, strong, troublesome purge, therefore ill to be tampered with by the unskilful; outwardly in Ointments, it takes away freckles, wrinkles, morphow, scars, spots, etc. from the face. Bursa pastoris. Shepherds-purse; is manifestly cold and dry, though Lobel and Pena thought the contrary; it is binding and stops blood, the terms in women, spiting and pissing of blood, cools inflammations. Buglossum. Bugloss. * In Sussex (because they must be 〈◊〉) called Languedebeef: in plain English, Oxtongue Its virtues are the same with borage. Bugula. Bugle, or middle Comfry; is temperate for heat, but very drying, excellent for falls or inward bruises, for it dissolves 〈◊〉 blood, profitable for inward wounds, helps the Rickets and other stops of the Liver; outwardly it is of wonderful force in curing wounds and ulcers, though festered, as also gangrenes and Fistulaes', it helps broken bones, and dislocations. (o) Or Members out of joint. To conclude, let my Country men esteem it as a Jewel. Inwardly you may take it in powder a drachm at a time or drink the decoction of it in white Wine, being made into an ointment with hog's grease, you shall find it admirable in green wounds. Buphthalmum etc. Ox eye. 〈◊〉 saith they are commonly used for black Hellebore, to the virtues of which I refer you. Buxus. Boxtree. The leaves are hot, dry, and binding, they are profitable against the bitings of mad dogs, both taken inwardly, boiled and applied to the place, besides they are excellent to cure horses of the bots. Calamintha, 〈◊〉, Palustris. Mountain, and Water Calamint. For the Water Calamint; see Mints, than which it is accounted stronger. Mountain Calamint, is hot and dry in the third degree, provokes urine and the terms, hastens the birth in women, brings away the afterbirth, helps cramps, convulsions, difficulty of breathing, kills worms, helps the leprosy; outwardly used, it helps Galen. such as holds their necks on one side: half a Dioscorides. drachm is enough at one time. Calendula etc. Marigolds. The Leaves are Hpuleius. hot in the second degree, and something moist, loosen the belly, the juice held in the mouth, helps the toothache, and takes away any inflammation, or hot swelling being bathed with it mixed with a little Vinegar. Callitricum. Maidenhair. See Adianthum. Caprisolium. Honysuckles: The Leaves are hot, and therefore naught for inflammations of the mouth and throat, for which the ignorant people often give them, and Galen was true in this, let modern Writers write their pleasure. If you chew but a leaf of it in your mouth, experience will tell you, that it is likelier to cause than to cure a sore throat, they provoke urine, and purge by urine, bring speedy delivery to women in travail, yet procure barrenness, and hinder conception; outwardly they dry up soul ulcers, and cleanse the face from morphew, sunburning and freckles. Carduncellus etc. Groundsel. Cold and moist according to Tragus, helps the Colic, and pains or gripe in the belly, helps such as cannot make water, cleanseth the reins, purgeth Choler and sharp humours, the usual way of taking it is, to boil it in water with 〈◊〉 and 〈◊〉. so eat it, I hold it to be a wholesome and harmless purge. Outwardly it easeth women's breasts that are swollen and inflamed, (or as themselves say) have gotten an ague in their breasts, as also inflammation of the joints, nerves, or sinews. Carduus B. Mariae. Our Lady's Thistles. They are far more temperate than Carduus Benedictus, open obstructions of the liver, help the Jaundice and Dropsy, provoke Urine, break the Stone. Carduus Benedictus. In plain English, Blessed Thistle; Though I confess it be better known by Camerarius. the Latin name: it is hot and dry in the second degree, cleansing and opening, helps swimming Arnoldus villanovanus. and giddiness in the head, deasness, strengthens the memory, helps gripping pains in the belly, kills worms, provokes sweat, expels poison, helps inflammation of the liver, is very good in pestilences, and the French-pox; outwardly applied, it ripens Plague-sores, and helps hot swellings, the bitings of mad-dogs, and venomous beasts, and foul filthy ulcers. Every one that can but make a Carduus posset knows how to use it. Carlina. See the Roots, under the name of white Chameleon. Corallina. A kind of Sea-Moss: cold, binding, drying, good for hot gouts, inflammations; also they say it kills worms, and therefore by some is called Maw-wormseed. Cassutha, cuscuta, potagralini. Dodder. See Epithimum. Caryophyllata. Avens or Herb Bennet. Hot and dry, they help the Colic, Rawness of the stomach, Stitches in the sides, Stops of the liver, and Bruises. Cataputia minor. A kind of Spurge: See Tithymalus. Cattaria, Nepeta. Nep, or Catmints. The virtues are the same with Calaminth. Cauda Equina. Horse-tail; is of a binding drying quality, cures wounds, and is an admirable remedy for sinews that are shrunk; yea, Galen saith it cures sinews though they be cut in sunder: but Columbus holds that is incurable unless they be cut within the Muscle; well than we will take Galen in the charitablest sense. However this is certain, it is a sure remedy for bleeding at the nose, or by wound, stops the Terms in women, Fluxes, Ulcers in the Reins or Bladder, Coughs, Ulcers in the Lungs, Difficulty of breathing. Caulis, Brassica 〈◊〉, silvestris. Coleworts, or Cabbages, Garden and Wild. They are drying and binding, help dimness of the sight, help the spleen, preserve from drunkenness, and help the evil effects of it, provoke the terms; they say, being laid on the top of the head, they draw the matrix upward, and therefore are good for the falling out of the womb. Chrysippus writes a whole treatise of them, and makes them a universal medicine for every disease in every part of the body. Centaurium, majus, minus. Centaury the greater and lesser. They say the greater will do wonders in curing wounds: see the Root. The lesser is that which is commonly in Sussex known by the name of Centaury, and indeed so throughout that part of the nation that I have travailed over; a present remedy for the yellow Jaundice, opens stops of the liver, gall, and spleen purgeth choler, helps the Gout, clears the sight, purgeth the stomach, helps the dropsy and green-sickness. It is only the tops and flowers which are useful, of which you may take a drachm inwardly in powder, or half a handful boiled in posset drink at a time. Centinodium etc. Knotgrass; cold in the second Brass avolus. degree, helps spitting and pissing of blood, Camerarius. stops the terms and all other fluxes of blood, vomiting of blood, Gonorrhaea, or running of Reins, weakness of the back and joints, inflammations of the privities, and such as piss by drops, and it is an excellent remedy for hogs that will not eat their meat. Your only way is to boil it, it is in its prime about the latter end of July or beginning of August: at which time being gathered it may be kept dry all the year. Ceresolium vulgar & Myrrhis. Common and great Chervil: Take them both together and they are temperately hot and dry, provoke urine, they stir up lust and desire of copulation, comfort the heart and are good for old people, help pleurisies and pricking in the sides. Caepaea, Anagallis aquatica. Brooklime, hot and dry, but not so hot and dry as Water-cresses; Tragus saith they are hot and moist, but the man dreamt waking, they help mangy Horses: see Water-cresses. Ceterach etc. Spleenwort; moderately hot, wastes and consumes the spleen, in so much that Vitruvius affirms he hath known hogs that have fed upon it, that have had (when they were killed) no spleens at all. It is excellent good for melahcholly people, helps the strangury, provokes urine, and breaks the stone in the bladder. Boyl it and drink the decoction; but because a little boiling will carry away the strength of it in vapours, let it boil but very little, and let it stand close stopped till it be cold before you strain it out; this is the general rule for all Simples of this nature. Chamaepitys. Ground-pine; hot in the second degree, and dry in the third, helps the Jaundice, Sciatica, stops of the liver, and spleen, provokes the Terms, cleanseth the entrails, dissolves congealed blood, resists poison, cures wounds and ulcers. Strong bodies may take a dram, and weak bodies half a drachm of it in powder at a time. Chamaemelum, sativum, sylvestre. Garden and Wild Chamomel. Garden Chamomel is hot and dry in the first degree, and as gallant a medicine against the stone in the bladder as grows upon the earth, you may take it inwardly, I mean the decoction of it, being boiled in white Wine, or inject the juice of it into the bladder with a syringe. It expels wind, helps belchings, and potently provokes the terms; used in baths it helps pains in the sides, gripe and gnawings in the belly. Chamaedris etc. Germander; hot and dry in the third degree; cuts and brings away tough humours, opens stops of the liver and spleen, helps coughs and shortness of breath, strangury and stopping of urine and provokes the terms; half a drachm is enough to take at a time. Chelidonium utrumque. Celondine both sorts. Small Celondine is usually called Pilewort, it is something hotter and drier than the former, but not in the fourth degree as Galen and Dioscorides would have it; they say it helps the Hemorrhoids or Piles, by only carrying it about one, (but if it will not, bruise it and apply it to the grief) and from thence it took its 〈◊〉. Celondine the greater is hot and dry (they say in the third degree) any away used, either the juice, or made into an Oil or Ointment, is a great preserver of the sight and as excellent an help for sore eyes as any is. Cinara etc. Artichokes. They provoke lust, and purge by urine. Cichorium. Succory, to which add Endive which comes after. They are cold and dry in the second degree, clenfing and opening, they cool the heats of the liver, and are profitable in the yellow Jaundice, and burning Fevers, helps excoriations in the Yard, hot Stomaches; and outwardly applied, help hot rewms in the eyes. Cicuta. Hemlock; Cold in the fourth degree, poisonous; outwardly applied, it helps Priapismus, or continual standing of the Yard, the Shingles, St. Anthony's fire, or any eating Ulcers. Clematis Daphnoides, Vinca provinca. Peruinkle. Hot in the second degree, something dry and binding, stops Lasks, spitting of blood, and the Terms in women. Consolida masor. Comfry. I do not conceive the Leaves to be so vertnous as the Roots, Consolida media. Bugles, of which before. Consolida minima. Daizes. Consilida rubra. Golden Rod: hot and dry in the second degree; cleanseth the Reins, provokes Urinal, brings away the Gravel; an admirable herb for wounded people to take inwardly, stops blood etc. Consolida Regalis. Delphinium. Lark's heels, resist poison, help the bitings of venomous beasts. Saracenica Solidago. Saracens Confound. Helps inward wounds, sore mouths, sore throats, wasting of the lungs, and liver. Coronopus. Buchorn-Plantane, or Sea-Plantane: Cold and dry, helpeth the bitings of venomous Aegineta. beasts, either taken inwardly, or applied to the wound; helps the Colic, breaks the Stone. Cotonaria. Hath got many English names. Cottonweed, Cudweed, Chaffweed, and Petty Cotton. Of a drying and binding nature; boiled in Ly, it keeps the head from Nits and Lice; being laid among clothes, it keeps them safe from Moths, kills Worms, helps the bitings of venomous beasts; taken in a Tobacco-pipe, it helps Coughs of the lungs, and vehement headaches. Cruciata. Crossewort. (there is a kind of Gentian called also by this name, which I pass by) Is drying and binding, exceeding good for inward or outward wounds, either inwardly taken, or outwardly applied; and an excellent remedy for such as are bursten. Crassula. Orpine. Very cool: Outwardly used with Vinegar, it clears the Skin; inwardly taken, it helps gnawings of the stomach and bowels, ulcers in the lungs, bloody flux, and Quinsy in the throat: For which last disease, it is inferior to none: take not too much of it at a time, because of its coolness. Crithamus, etc. Sampler. Hot and dry, helps Galen. difficulty of urine, the yellow jaundice, provokes the terms, helps digestion, openeth stops of the liver and spleen. Cucumis Asininus. Wild Cucummers. See Elaterium. Cyanus major, minor. Blewbottle, great and small, A fine cooling herb, helps bruises, wounds, broken veins; the juice dropped into the eye, helps the inflammations thereof. Cygnoglossum. Hounds-tongue. Cold and dry; applied to the fundament, helps the Hemorroids, Dioscorides. healeth wounds, and ulcers, and is a present remedy against the bitings of Dogs, burnings and scaldings. Some say, if you put the herb under your foot, within your stocking, no Dog will bark at you. Cypressus. Chamae cyparissus. Cypress tree. The leaves are hot and binding, help Ruptures, and Polypus, or flesh growing on the Nose. Chamaecyparissus. Is Lavender Cotton. Resists poison, kills worms, and withal take notice how learnedly the College could confound the Cypress tree, and Lavender Cotton together; and if they say some Authors say Cypressus and Chamaecyparissus are all one, and withal show you where, then tell them I thought their brain was in their books not in their heads. Distamnus Cretensis. Dictamny, or Dittany of Crect, hot and dry, brings away dead children, hastens women's travail, brings away the afterbirth, the very smell of it drives away venomous beasts, so deadly, an enemy is it to poison; it's an admirable remedy against wounds and Gun-shot, wounds made with poisoned weapons, it draws out splinters, broken bones etc. The dose from half a drachm to a drachm. They say, the Goats and Deers in Crect, being wounded with Virgil. Arrows, eat this herb, which makes the Arrows Aeniad. lib. 12. fall out of themselves: And from thence came the tale in Virgil * about Aeneas. Dipsacus, sativ. sylv. Teazles, Garden and wild: the leaves bruised and applied to the temples, Galen. allay the heat in fevers, qualify the rago in frenzies; the juice dropped into the ears, kill worms in them, (if there be any there to kill) dropped into the eyes, clears the sight, helps redness and pimples in the face being anointed with it. Ebulus. Dwarf-Elder, or Walwort: hot and dry in the third degree; wastes hard swellings, being applied in form of a pultis; the hair of the head being anointed with the juice of it turns black; the leaves being applied to the place, help inflammations, burnings, scaldings, the bitings of mad-dogs; mingled with Bull's suet is a present remedy for the gout; inwardly taken, is a singular purge for the dropsy and gout. Dr Butler. Echium. Vipersbuglosse, Vipers-herb, Snake-buglosse, Wall-buglosse, Wild-buglosse; several Countries give it these several names: it is a singular remedy being eaten, for the biting of venomous beasts; Continual eating of it makes the body invincible against the poison of Serpents, Toads, Spiders &c. however it be administered; It comforts the heart, expels sadness, and melancholy: It grows abundantly about the Castle walls, at Lewis in Sussex. The rich may make the flowers into a conserve, and the herb into a syrup; the poor may keep it dry; both may keep it as a Jewel. Empetron, Calcifraga, Herniaria etc. Rupture-wort, or Burst-wort; the English name tells you it is good against Ruptures, and so such as are bursten shall find it, if they please to make trial of it, either inwardly taken or outwardly applied to the place, or both. Also the Latin names hold it forth to be good against the stone, which who so tries shall find true. Enula Campana. Elicampane. Provokes Urine: See the root. Epithimum. Dodder of Time, to which ad common Dodder which is usually that which grows upon Flax: indeed every Dodder retains a virtue of that herb or plant it grows upon, as Dodder that grows upon Broom, provokes urine forcibly, & loosens the 〈◊〉. belly, and is moister than that which grows upon Mesue. Flax, that which grows upon Time, is hotter Actuarius. and drier than that which grows upon Flax, even in the third degree, opens obstructions, helps infirmities Serapio. of the spleen, purgeth melancholy, relieves Avicenna. drooping spirits, helps the rickets; that which grows on Flax, is excellent for agues in young children, strengthens weak stomaches, purgeth choler, provokes urine, opens stops in the reins and bladder; that which grows upon Nettles, provokes urine exceedingly. The way of using it is to boil it in white Wine, or other convenient decoction, and boil it very little, remembering what was told you before in 〈◊〉. Eruca. Rocket, hot and dry in the third degree, Galen. being eaten alone, causeth headache by its heat, procureth lust. Eupatorium. See 〈◊〉. Euphragia. Eybright: something hot and dry, the very sight of it refresheth the eyes; inwardly taken, it restores the sight, and makes old men's eyes young; a drachm of it taken in the morning is worth a pair of Spectacles, it comforts and strengtheneth the memory, outwardly applied to the place it helps sore eyes. Filix foemina. Filicula, polypodium. See the Roots. Filipendula. Malabathrum. Indian-leaf, hot and dry in the second degree, comforts the Stomach exceedingly, helps digestion, provokes urine, helps inflammations of the eyes, secures clothes from moths. Foeniculum. Fennel, Increaseth milk in Nurses, provokes Urine, breaks the stone, easeth pains in the Reins, opens stops, breaks wind, provokes the terms, You may boil it in white Wine. Fragaria. Strawberry leaves, are cold, dry, and binding, a singular Remedy for inflammations and wounds, hot diseases in the throat, they stop fluxes, and the terms, cool the heat of the stomach, and inflammations of the Liver. The best way is to boil them in barley water. Fraxinus etc. Ash-trees: the leaves are moderately hot and dry, cure the bitings of Adders, and Serpents, by a certain antipathy (they say) there is between them, they stop looseness, and stay vomittng, help the Rickets, open stoppages of the Liver and Spleen. Fumaria. Fumitory: Cold and dry, it openeth and cleanseth by Urine, helps such as are Itchy, and Scabbed, clears the skin, opens stops of the Liver and Spleen, helps Rickets, Hypochondriak Melancholy, madness, frenzies, Quartan Agues, loosneth the belly, gently purgeth Melancholy, and addust choler: boil it in white Wine, and take this one general rule, All things of a cleansing or opening nature may be most commodiously boiled in white wine. Remember but this and then I need not write one thing so often. 〈◊〉. Goats-rue: Temperate in quality, resists Poison, kills Worms, helps the Falling-sickness, resisteth the Pestilence. You may take a drachm of it at a time in powder. Galion. Ladies-bedstraw: dry and binding, stauncheth blood: boiled in Oil, the Oil is good to anoint a weary Traveller; inwardly it provokes lust. 〈◊〉. See the Root. Genista. Broom: hot and dry in the second degree, clens and open the Stomach, break the Stone in the Reins and Bladder, help the green sickness. Let such as are troubled with heart-qualms or faintings, forbear it, for it weakens the Heart and Spirit Vital. See the Flowers. Geranium. Cranebil, the divers sorts of it, one of which is that which is called Muscata, and in Sussex barbariously Muscovy; it is thought to be cool and dry, helps hot swellings, and by its smell amends a hot brain. Geranium Columbinum. Doves-foot; helps the wind Colic, pains in the belly, stone in the reins and bladder, and is singular good in ruptures, and inward wounds. I suppose these are the general virtues of them all. Gramen. 〈◊〉; See the Root. Gratiola. Hedge- Hyssop, purgeth water and phlegm, but works very churlishly. Gesner commends it in Dropsies. Asphodelus foem. See the Root. Hepatica, Lichen. Liverwort, cold and dry, excellent good for Inflammations of the Liver, or any other Inflammations, yellow Jaundice. Hedera Arborea, 〈◊〉. Tree and Ground-Ivy. Tree-Ivy helps Ulcers, Burnings, Scaldings, the bad effects of the Spleen; the Juice snuffed up in the nose, purgeth the head, it is admirable for surfeits or headache, or any other ill effects coming of drunkenness, and therefore the Poets feigned Bacchus to have his head bound round with them. Your best way is to boil them in the same liquor you got your surfeit by drinking. Ground-Ivy is that which usually is called Alehoof, hot and dry, the Juice helps noise in the ears, fistulas, gouts, stops of the Liver, it strengthens the Reins and stops the terms, helps the yellow Jaundice, and other diseases coming of stopping of the Liver, and is excellent for wounded people. Herba Camphorata. Stinking Ground-pine, is of a drying faculty, and therefore stops defluxions either in the eyes, or upon the Lungs, the gout, cramps, palsies, aches, strengthens the Nerves. Herba Moschata. Mentioned even now, me thinks the College should not have forgotten themselves so soon: How can a man that forgets himself remember his patient? Herba Paralysis, Primula veris. Primroses, or Cowslips, which you will. The Leaves help pains in the head and joints; see the Flowers which are most in use. Herba Paris. Herb True-love, or One-berry. Pena and 〈◊〉, affirm it resists poison. Mathiolus saith it takes away evil done by witchcraft, and affirms it by experience, as also long lingering sickness; however it is good for wounds, falls, bruises, apostumes, inflammations, ulcers in the privities. Herb True-love, is very cold in temperature. You may take half a dram of it at a time in powder. Herba Roberti. A kind of Cranebil. Herba venti, Anemone. Wind-flower; the Juice snuffed up the nose purgeth the head, it cleanseth filthy Ulcers, increaseth milk in Nurses, and outwardly by Ointment helps Leprosies. Herniaria. The same with Empetron. Helxine. Pellitory of the wall. Cold, moist, cleansing, helps the stone and gravel in the Kidneys, difficulty of Urine, sore throats, pains in the ears the Juice being dropped in them; outwardly it helps the shingles and St. Anthony's fire. Hippoglossum. Horstongue, Tongueblade or Double-tongue. The Roots help the strangury, provoke urine, case the hard labour of women, provoke the terms, the Herb helps ruptures and the fits of the mother, it is hot in the second degree, dry in the first, boil it in white Wine. Hippolapathum. Patience, or Monk's Reubarb: see the Roots. Hipposelinum. Alexander's, or Alisanders'. Provoke urine, expel the Afterbirth, help the strangury, expel wind. Horminum, Clary; hot and dry in the third degree; helps weakness in the back, stops the running of the Reins, and the whites in women, provokes the Terms, and helps women that are barren through coldness, or moisture, or both, causeth fruitfulness, but is hurtful for the memory. The usual way of taking it, is to fry it with Butter, or make a tansy with it. Hydropiper. Arsmart. Hot and dry, consumes all cold swellings, and blood congealed by bruises and stripes; applied to the place, it helps that aposthume in the joints, commonly called a Felon: (but in Sussex, an Andicom) If you put a handful of it under the saddle upon a tired horses back, it will make him travel fresh and lustily; strewed in a chamber kills all the Fleas there; this is the hottest Arsmart, and is unfit to be given inwardly: there is a milder sort, called Persicaria, which is of a cooler milder quality, drying, excellent good for putrified ulcers, kill worms: I had almost forgot that the former is an admirable remedy for the Gout, being roasted between two Tiles and applied to the grieved place, and yet I had it from Dr Butler too. Hysopus. Hyssop. Helps Coughs, shortness of Breath, Wheezing, Distillations upon the Lungs; it is of a cleansing quality: kills worms in the body, amends the whole colour of the body, helps the Dropsy and Spleen, sore Throats, and nois in the Ears. See Syrup of Hyssop. Hyoscyamus etc. Henbane. The white Henbane is held to be cold in the third degree, the black or common Henbane and the yellow, in the fourth: They stupefy the senses, and therefore not to be takn inwardly; outwardly applied, they help inflammations, hot gouts; applied to the temples, they provoke sleep. Hypericon. St. John's wort. It is as gallant a Wound-herb as any is, either given inwardly, or outwardly applied to the wound; it is hot and dry, opens stops, helpeth spitting and vomiting of blood, it cleanseth the Reins, provokes the Terms, helps congealed blood in the Stomach and Meseraick Veins, the Falling-sickness, Palsy, Cramps and Aches in the joints; you may give it in powder or any convenient decoction. Hypoglottis Laurus Alexandrina. Laurel of Alexandria, provokes urine and the terms, and is held to be a singular help to women in travail. Hypoglossum, the same with Hippoglossum before, only different names given by different Authors, the one deriving his name from the tongue of a horse, of which form the Leaf is; the other from the form of the little leaf, because small leaves like small tongues grow upon the greater, but whether the College knew this 〈◊〉 no, is some question. Iberis Cardamantice. Sciatica-cresses. I suppose so called because they help the Sciatica, or Huckle bone-gout. Ingunialis, Aster. Serwort, or Shartwort: being bruised and applied they help swellings, botches, and venereous buboes in the groin, whence they took their name, as also inflammation and falling out of the fundament. 〈◊〉. See the Roots. Isatis, Glastum. Woad. Drying and binding; the side being bathed with it, it easeth pains in the spleen, cleanseth filthy corroding gnawing ulcers. Iva Arthritica. The same with Camaepytis. Juncus odoratus. The same with Schoenanthus. Labrum veneris. The same with Dipsacus. 〈◊〉. Lettuce. Cold and moist, cool the inflammation of the stomach commonly called heartburning, provoke sleep, resist drunkenness and take away the ill effects of it, cool the blood, quench thirst, breed milk, and are good for choleric bodies, and such as have a frenzy, or are sienitique, or as the vulgar say frantic. They are far wholesomer eaten boiled than raw. Lagobus, Herba Leporina. A kind of Trefoil growing in France and Spain. Let them that live there look after the virtues of it. Lavendula. Lavender: hot and dry in the third degree; The temples and forehead bathed with the juice of it, as also the smell of the herb helps swoonings, Catalepsis, Falling sickness, provided it be not accompanied with a Fever. See the flowers. Laurcola Laurel. The leaves purge upward and downward, they are good for rhewmatick people to chew in their mouths, for they draw forth much water. Laurus Bay-tree: the leaves are hot and dry, resist drunkenness, they gently bind and help diseases in the bladder, help the stinging of Bees and Wasps, metigate the pain of the stomach, dry and heal, open obstructions of the liver and spleen, resist the pestilence. Lappa minor. The lesser Burdock. 〈◊〉. Mastick-tree, both the leaves and bark of it stop sluxes, (being hot and dry in the second degree) spitting and pissing of blood, and the falling out of the fundament. Lens palustris. Duckmeat: cold and moist in the second degree, helps inflammations, hot swellings, and the falling out of the fundament, being warmed and applied to the place. Lepidium Piperites. Dittander, Pepper-wort, 〈◊〉. 〈◊〉. or 〈◊〉: a hot fiery sharp herb, admirable for the Gout being applied to the place, being 〈◊〉. only held in the hand it helps the toothache, and withal leaves a wan colour in the hand that holds it. Livisticum. Lovage: Clears the sight, taketh away redness and freckles from the face. Libanotis Coronaria. See Rosemary. Linaria. Toad-flax, or Wild-flax; hot and dry, cleanse the reins and bladder, provoke urine, open the stoppinps of the liver and spleen, and help diseases coming thereof: outwardly they take away yellowness and deformity of the skin. lilium convallium. Lily of the Valley. See the flowers. Lingua Cervina. Harts-tongue: drying and binding, stops blood, the terms and fluxes, opens stops of the Liver and Spleen, and diseases thence arising. The like quantity of Harts-tongue, Knotgrass and Comfry Roots being boiled in water, and a draught of the decoction drunk every morning, and the materials which have boiled applied to the place, is a notable remedy for such as are burst. Limonium. Sea-bugloss, or Marsh-bugloss, or as some will have it Sea-Lavender: the seeds being very drying and binding, stop fluxes and the terms, help the colic and strangury. Lotus urbana. Authors make some flutter about this Herb, I conceive the best take it to be Trisolium Odoratum, Sweet Tresoyl, which is of a temperate nature, cleanseth the eyes gently of such things as hinder the sight, cureth green wounds, ruptures, or burstness, helps such as piss blood or are bruised, and secures garments from moths. Lupulus. Hops. Opening, cleansing, provoke urine; the young sprouts open stops of the Liver and Spleen, cleanse the blood, clear the skin, help scabs and itch, help agues, purge choler: they are usually boyled-and taken as they eat Asparagus, but if you would keep them, for they are excellent for these diseases, you may make them into a Conserve, (as you shall be taught hereafter) or into a Syrup. Lychnitis Coronaria: or as others more properly from the Greek write it, Lychnis. Rose Campion. I know no great physical virtue it hath. Macis. See the Barks. Magistrantia etc. Masterwort: Hot and dry in the third degree; it is singular good against poison, pestilence, corrupt and unwholesome air, helps windiness in the stomach, causeth an appetite to ones victuals, very profitable in falls and bruises, congealed and clotted blood, the bitings of mad-dogs; the leaves chewed in the mouth, cleanse the brain of superfluous humours, thereby preventing Lethargies, and Apoplexes. Malva. Mallows. The best of Authors account wild Mallows to be best, and hold them to be cold and moist in the first degree; they are profitable in the bitings of venomous beasts, the stinging of Bees and Wasps etc. Inwardly they resist poison, provoke to stool; outwardly they assuage hard swellings of the Privities or other places, in Clysters they help roughness and fretting of the Guts, Bladder, or Fundament; and so they do being boiled in water and the decoction drunk, as I have proved in this present Epidemical disease, the Bloodyflux. Majorana. See Amaracus. Mandragora. Mandrakes. Fit for no vulgar use, but only to be used in cooling Ointments. Marrubium, album, nigrum, foetidum. Marrubium album, is common Horehound. Hot in the second degree, and dry in the third, openeth the Liver and Spleen, cleanseth the breast and lungs, helps old Coughs, pains in the sides, Phtisicks, or ulceration of the lungs, it provokes the Terms, easeth hard labour in Childbearing, brings away the afterbirth. See the Syrups. Marrubium, nigrum, & foetidum. Black and stinking Horehound, I take to be all one. Hot and dry in the third degree; cure the bitings of mad-dogs, waist and consume hard knobs in the fundament and matrix, cleanse filthy Ulcers. Unless by stinking Horehound the College should mean that which Fuchsius calls Stachys, if they do, it is hot and dry but in the first degree, and a singular Remedy to keep wounds from inflammation. Marum. Herb Mastich. Hot and dry in the third degree, good against Cramps and Convulsions. Matricaria. Featherfew. Hot in the third degree, dry in the second; openeth, purgeth; a singular remedy for diseases incident to the Matrix, and other diseases incident to women, eases their travail, and infirmities coming after it; it helps the Vertigo or dissiness of the head, Melancholy, sad thoughts: you may boil it either alone, or with other Herbs fit for the same purpose, with which this Treatise will furnish you: applied to the wrists, it helps the Ague. Matrisylva. The same with Caprifolium. Meliotus. Melilot. Inwardly taken, provokes urine, breaks the Stone, cleanseth the Reins and Bladder, cutteth and cleanseth the Lungs of tough Phlegm; the juice dropped into the eyes, clears the sight, into the ears, mitigates pain and noise there; the head bathed with the juice mixed with Vinegar, takes away the pains thereof: outwardly in Pultisses, it assuageth swellings in the privities, and else where. Mellissa. Bawm. Hot and dry; outwardly mixed with salt and applied to the neck, help the Galen. King's Evil, bitings of mad-dogs, venomous 〈◊〉 beasts, and such as cannot hold their necks as they should do; inwardly it is an excellent remedy for a cold and moist stomach, cheers the heart, refresheth the mind, takes away grief, sorrow, and care, instead of which it produceth joy and mirth. See the Syrup. Mentha sativa. Garden Mints, Spear Mints. Are hot and dry in the third degree, provoke hunger, are wholesome for the stomach, stay vomiting, stop the terms, help sore heads in in children, strengthen the stomach, cause digestion; Pliny. outwardly applied, they help the bitings Galen. of mad dogs: Yet they hinder conception, and are naught for wounded people, they say by reason of an antipathy between them and Iron. Mentha aquatica. Water Mints. Ease pains of the belly, headache, and vomiting, gravel in the Kidneys and Stone. Methastrum. Horse-mint. I know no difference between them and Water Mints. 〈◊〉, mass, foemina. Mercury, male and female, They are both hot and dry in the second degree, cleansing, digesting, they purge watery humours, and further conception. Theophrastus relates that if a woman use to eat either the male, or female Mercury, two or three days after conception, she shall bring forth a child either male or female according to the sex of the herb she eats. Mezereon. Spurg-Olive, or Widdow-wail. A dangerous purge, better let alone than meddled with. Millesolium. Yarrow. Meanly cold and binding, an healing Herb for wounds, stauncheth Galen. bleeding; and some say the Juice snuffed up the nose, causeth it to bleed, whence it was called, Nose-bleed; it stoppeth Lasks, and the Terms in women, helps the running of the reins, helps inflammations and excoriations of the Yard, as also inflammations of wounds. Muscus. Moss. Is something cold and binding, yet usually retains a smatch of the property of the tree it grows on, therefore that which grows upon Oaks is very dry and binding; Serapio saith that it being insused in Wine and the Wine drunk, it stays vomiting and fluxes, as also the whites in women. Myrtus. Myrtle-tree. The Leaves are of a cold earthy quality, drying and binding, good for fluxes, spitting, vomiting, and pissing of blood, stop the Whites and Reds in women. Nardus. See the Root. Nasturtium, Aquaticum, Hortense. Water-cresses and Garden-cresses. Garden-cresses are hot and dry in the fourth Dioscorldes. degree, good for the Scurvy, Sciatica, hard swellings, yet do they trouble the belly, ease pains of the Spleen, provoke lust. Water-cresses are hot and dry, cleanse the blood, help the Scurvy, provoke urine and the terms, break the stone, help the green sickness, cause a fresh lively colour. Nasturtium Album, Thlaspi. Treacle-mustard. Hot and dry in the third degree, purgeth violently, dangerous for women with child: Outwardly it is applied with profit to the Gout. Nicotiani. Tobacco. And in reciting the 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 virtues of this herb, I will follow Clustus, that I know not what better name to give it, Old headaches, continual headaches: take which ye will. none should think I do it without an Author. It is hot and dry in the second degree, and of a cleansing nature, the leaves warmed and applied to the head are excellent good, in * inveterate headaches and Negrims, if the diseases come through cold or wind, change them often till the diseases be gone, help such whose necks be stiff, it easeth the faults of the breast, Asthmaes or hard phlegm in though lappets of the lungs, easeth the pains of the stomach and windiness thereof being heat hot by the fire and applied to it; easeth the pains of the spleen being moistened in vinegar and applied hot to the side, they loosen the belly and a This I know by experience even where many other medicines have sailed. kill worms being applied to it in like manner, they break the stone being applied in like manner to the region of the bladder, help the rickets, being applied to the belly and sides; applied to the navel they give present ease to the fits of the mother, they take away cold ache in the joints applied to them, boiled, the liquor absolutely and speedily cures scabs and itch, neither is there any better salve in the world for wounds than may be made of it, for it cleanseth, 〈◊〉 out the filth though it lie in the bones, brings up the flesh from the bottom, and all this it 〈◊〉 speedily, it cures wounds made with 〈◊〉 〈◊〉, and for this Clusius brings many 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 tedious here to relate; It is an 〈◊〉 thing for Carbuncles, and Plague-sores, 〈◊〉 to none; green wounds 'twill cure in a trico, Ulcers and Gangrenes very speedily, not only in men but also in beasts: therefore the Indians dedicated it to their god. Taken in a pipe it hath almost as many virtues, it easeth 〈◊〉, takes away the sense of hunger and thirst, provokes to stool, he saith, the Indians will travail four days without either meat or drink by only chewing a little of this (made up like a Pill) in their mouths; It easeth the body of supersluous humours, opens stops. Monardus also confirms this judgement, and indeed a man might fill a whole Volumn with the virtues of it. See the Ointment of Tobacco 〈◊〉. Money-wort, or Herb Twopences; cold dry, binding, helps Fluxes, stops the Terms, helps ulcers in the lungs; outwardly it is a special herb for wounds. Nymphaea. See the Flowers. 〈◊〉. Basil, hot and moist. Simeou Sethi, saith the smell of Basil is good for the head, but Hollerius (and he no mean Physician neither) saith the continual smell of it hurts the brain and breeds Scorpions there, and asfirms his own knowledge of it, and that's the reason (saith he) there is such an Antipathy between it and 〈◊〉, which I am confident there is, the truth is, it will quickly putrify and breed worms. Hollerius saith, they are venomous; and that's the reason the name Basilicon was given to it: The best use that I know of it, is, it gives speedy deliverance to women in travail. Let them not take above half a drachm of it at a time in powder, and be sure also the birth be ripe, else it causeth abortion. Oleae folia. Olive-leaves; they are hard to come by here. Ononis. Restharrow. See the Roots. Ophiogloslon. Adders-tongue: the leaves are very drying, being boiled in Oil they make a dainty green Balsam for green wounds: taken inwardly, they help inward wounds. Origanum. Organy: a kind of wild Marjoram; hot and dry in the third degree; helps the bitings of venomous beasts, such as have taken Opium, Hemlock, or Poppy; provokes urine, brings down the terms, helps old coughs; in ointment it helps scabs and itch. Oxylapathum. Sorrel. See Acetosa. Papaver etc. Poppies; white, black, or erratic. I refer you to the Syrups of each Parietaria. Given once before under the name of Helxine. 〈◊〉. Parsnips. See the Roots. Persicaria. See Hydropiper: this is the milder sort of Arsmart I described there: If ever you find it amongst the Compounds, take it under that notion. Pentaphyllum. Cynkfoil: very drying, yet but meanly hot, if at all; helps ulcers in the mouth, roughness of the windpipe, (whence comes hoarseness and Couges &c.) helps fluxes, creeping ulcers and the yellow jaundice; they say one leaf cures a quotidian ague, three a tertian, and four a quartan: I know it will cure agues without this curiosity, if a wise man have the handling of it; otherwise a Cart load will not do it. Petroselinum. Parsly. See smallage Pes Columbinus. See Geranium. Persicarum folia. Peach leaves: they are a gentle, yet a complete purger of choler, and diseases coming from thence, fit for children because of their gentleness. You may boil them in whiteWine, a handful is enough at a time. Pilosella. Mousear: once before, and that's often enough. Pithyusa. A new name for Spurge, of the last Edition. Plantago. Plantain. Cold and dry, an herb though common, yet let none despise it, for the decoction of it, prevails mightily against tormenting pains and excoriations of the guts, bloody fluxes, it stops the terms, and spitting Tragur. of blood, 〈◊〉, or Consumptions of the Dioscorides. lungs, the running of the reins, and the whites in women, pains in the head, and frenzies: outwardly it clears the sight, taketh away inflammations, scabs, itch, the shingles, and all spreading sores, and is as wholesome an herb as can grow about a house. Polium etc. poley, or Pellamountain: all Dioscorides. the sorts are hot in the second degree, and dry in the third: helps dropsies, the yellow-jaundice, infirmities of the spleen, and provokes urine. Polygonum. Knotgrass. Polytricum. Maidenhair. Portulaca Purslain: Cold and moist in the second or third degree; cools hot stomaches, and (I remember since I was a child that) it is admirable for one that hath his teeth on edge by eating sour apples, it cools the blood, liver, and is good for hot diseases, or inflammations in any of these places, stops fluxes, and the terms, and helps all inward inflammations whatsoever. Porrum. Leeks. See the Roots. Primula Veris. See Cowslips, or the Flowers, which you will. Prunella. selfheal, Carpenters-Herb, and in Sussex Sicklewort. Moderately hot and dry, binding. See Bugle. So shall I not need to write one thing twice, the virtues being the same. Pulegium. Penyroyal: hot and dry in the third degree; provokes urine, breaks the stone in the reins, (for I take it, the herb is chiefly apropriated to those parts) strengthens women's backs, provokes the terms, easeth their labour in Childbed, brings away the afterbirth, stays vomiting, strengthens the brain, (yea the very smell of it) breaks wind, and helps the Vertigo. Pulmonari, arborea, & Symphytum maculosum. Lunguewort. I confess I searching Authors for these, found out many sorts of Lungueworts, yet all agreed that both these were one and the same; and helps infirmities of the Lungs, as hoarceness, coughs, wheezing, shortness of breath etc. You may boil it in Hyssop water, or any other water that strengthens the Lungs. Pulicaria. Fleabane; hot and dry in the third degree, helps the bitings of venomous beasts, wounds and swellings, the yellow Jaundice, the falling-sickness, and such as cannot piss; it being burnt, the smoke of it kills all the Gnats and Fleas in the chamber, as also Serpents if they be there; it is dangerous for women with child. Pyrus sylvestris. Wild Pear-tree. I know no virtue in the Leaves. Pyrola. Wintergreen. Cold and dry, and very binding, stops fluxes, and the terms in women, and is admirable good in green wounds. Quercus folia. Oak Leaves: are much of the nature of the former, stay the whites in women. See the Bark. Ranunculus. Hath got a sort of English names: Crowfoot, King-kob, Gold-cups, Gold-knobs, Butter-flowers etc. they are of a notable hot quality, unfit to be taken inwardly; If you bruise the Roots and apply them to a Plague-sore, they are notable things to draw the venom to them. Also Apuleius saith, that if they be hanged about the neck of one that is lunatic in the wane of the Moon, the Moon being in the first degree of Taurus, or Scorpio, it quickly rids him of his disease. Raparum folia. If they do not mean Turnep-leaves, I know not what they mean, nor it may be themselves neither, the greatest part of them having as much knowledge in Simples, as a horse hath in Hebrew. Rapum is a Turnip, but surely Rapa is a word seldom used; If they do mean Turnep-leaves: when they are young and tender, they are held to provoke urine. Rosmarinum. Rosemary, hot and dry in the second degree, binding, stops fluxes help stuff Scrapio. in the head, the yellow Jaundice, helps the Dioscorides. memory, expels wind: See the Flowers. Rosa Solis. See the Water. Rosa Alba, Rubra, Damascena. White, Red, and Damask Roses. I would some body would do so much as ask the College wherefore they set the Leaves down. Rumex. Dock: all the ordinary sort of Docks are of a cool and drying substance, and therefore stops fluxes; and the Leaves are seldom used in Physic. Rubus Idaeus. Raspis, Raspberries, or Hind-berries: I know no great virtue in the Leaves. Ruta. Rue, or Herb of grace; hot and dry in the third degree, consumes the seed, and is an enemy to generation, helps difficulty of breathing, and inflammations of the lungs, pains in the side, inflammations of the Yard and Matrix, is naught for women with child: An hundred such things are quoted by Dioscorides. This I am sure of, no Herb resisteth poison more. And some think Mithridates, that renowned King of Pontus, fortified his body against poison with no other medicine. It strengtheneth the heart exceedingly, and no Herb better than this in Pestilential times, take it what manner you will or can. Ruta Muraria. See Adianthum. Sabina. Savin; hot and dry in the third degree, potently provokes the terms, expels both birth and afterbirth, they (boiled in oil and used in Ointments) stay creeping ulcers, scour away spots, freckles, and sunburning from the face, the belly anointed with it kills worms in children. Salvia. Sage: hot and dry in the second or third degree, binding, it stays abortion in such women as are subject to come before their times, it causeth fruitfulness, it is singular good for the brain, strengthens the senses and memory, helps spitting and vomiting of blood; outwardly, heat hot with a little Vinegar and applied to the side, helps stitches, and pains in the sides. Salix. Willow-leaves; are cold, dry, and binding, stop spitting of blood and fluxes; the boughs stuck about a chamber, wonderfully cool the air, and refresh such as have fevers; the leaves applied to the head, help hot diseases there, and frenzies. Sampsucum. Margerum. Sanicula. Sanicle: hot and dry in the second degree, cleanseth wounds and ulcers. Saponaria. Sopewort, or Bruise-wort; vulgarly used in bruises and cut fingers, and is of notable use in the French-pox. Satureia. Savory. Summer-savory, is hot and dry in the third degree, Winter-savory is not so hot, both of them expel wind gallantly, and that (they say) is the reason why they are boiled with Pease and Beans, and other such windy things: 'tis a good fashion and pity it should be left. Saxifragia alba. White Saxifrage; breaks wind, helps the colic and stone. Scabiosa. Scabious; hot and dry in the second degree, cleanseth the breast and lungs, helps old rotten coughs, and difficulty of breathing, provokes urine and cleanseth the bladder of filthy stuff, breaks Aposthumes, and cures Scabs and Itch. Boyl it in white wine. Scariola. An Italian name for Succory. Schoenanthus. Schaenanth, Squinanth, or Chamels-hay; hot and binding. Galen saith it causeth headache, believe him that list; Dioscorides saith it digests and opens the passages of the veins: surely it is as great an expeller of wind as any is. Scordium. Water-Germander; hot and dry, cleanseth ulcers in the inward parts, it provokes urine and the terms, opens stops of the liver, spleen, reins, bladder, and matrix, it is a great counterpoison, and easeth the breast oppressed with phlegm. See Diascordium. Scrophularia. Figwort, so called of Scrophula, the King's Evil, which it cures, they say by being only hung about the neck if not, bruise it and apply it to the place, it helps the Piles or Hemorrhoids, and (they say) being hung about the neck preserves the body in health. Sedum. And all his sorts. See Barba Jovis. Senna. In this give me leave to stick close to Mesue, as an imparaleld Author: it heats in the second degree and dries in the first, cleanseth, purgeth, and digesteth, it carries downwards both choler, phlegm, and melancholy, it cleanseth the brain, heart, Liver, Spleen, it cheers the senses, opens obstructions, takes away dulness of sight, preserves youth, helps deafness (if purging will help it) helps melancholy and madness, keeps back old age, resists resolution of the nerves, * 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉. pains in the head, scabs, itch, falling-sickness, the windiness of it is corrected with a little Ginger. You may boil half an ounce of it at a time, in Water or white Wine, but boil it not too much; half an ounce is a moderate dose to be boiled for any reasonable body. Scrpillum. Mother-of-Time, Wild Time; it is hot and dry in the third degree, it provokes the terms gallantly, as also helps the strangury 〈◊〉. or stoppage of urine, gripe in the belly, ruptures, Galen. convulsions, inflammations of the Liver, Lethargy, and infirmities of the spleen: boil it in white Wine. Sigillum Solomonis. Solomon's Seal. See the Root. Smyrnium. Alexander's of Crect. Solanum. Nightshade: very cold and dry, binding, it is somewhat dangerous given inwardly, unless by a skilful hand; outwardly it helps the Shingles, St Anthony's fire, and other hot inflammations. Soldanella. Bindweed, hot and dry in the second degree, it opens obstructions of the Liver, Galen. and purgeth watery humours, and is therefore very profitable in dropsies, it is very hurtful to the stomach, and therefore if taken inwardly it had need be well corrected with Cinnamon, Ginger, or Annis-seeds etc. Yet the Germane Physicians affirm that it cures the dropsy being only bruised and applied to the navel and something lower, and then it needs not be taken inwardly at all. Sonchus levis Asper. Sowthistles smooth and rough; they are of a cold watery, yet binding quality, good for frenzies, they increase milk in Nurses, and cause the children which they nurse to have a good colour, help gnawings of the stomach coming of a hot cause; outwardly they help inflammations, and hot swellings, cool the heat of the fundament and privities. 〈◊〉 Chirurgorum. Flixweed: drying without any manifest heat or coldness, it is usually found about old ruinous buildings, it is so called because of its virtue in stopping fluxes 〈◊〉 highly commends it, nay elevates it up to the skies for curing old wounds and fistulas; which though our modern Chyrurgians despise, yet if it were in the hands of a wise man, such as Paracelsus was, it may do the wonders he saith it will. Spinachia. spinach. I never read any physical virtues of it. Spina alba. See the Root. Spica. See Nardus. Staebe. Silver Knapweed: The virtues be the same with Scabious, and some think the Herbs too; though I am of another opinion. Staechas. French Lavender, Cassidony, is a great counterpoison, open obstructions of the Liver and Spleen, cleanseth the matrix and bladder, brings out corrupt humours, provokes urine. There is another Staechas mentioned here by the name of Amaranthus, in English, Golden flower, or Flowergentle: the flowers of which expel worms; being boiled, the water kills Lice and Nits. Succisa, Monsus Dioboli. Devilsbit: Hot and dry in the second degree: inwardly taken, it easeth the fits of the mother, and breaks wind, takes away swellings in the mouth, and slimy phlegm that sticks to the jaws, neither is there a more present remedy in the world for those cold swellings in the neck, which the vulgar call, the Almonds of the ears, than this Herb bruised and applied to them. Suchaha. And Egyptian Thorn. Very hard, if not impossible to come by here. And here the College make another racket about the several sorts of Comfryes, which I pass by with silence, having spoken to them before. Tanacetum. tansy: hot in the second degree, and dry in the third; the very smell of it stays abortion, or miscarriages in women; so it doth being bruised and applied to their navils, provokes urine, and easeth pains in making water; and is a special help against the Gout. Taraxacon. Dandelyon, or to write better French, Dent-de-lyon, for in plain English it is called Lyonstooth; it is a kind of Succory, and thither I refer you. Tamariscus. Tamaris. It hath a dry cleansing quality, and hath a notable virtue against the Galen. Rickets, and infirmities of the Spleen, provokes Dioscorides. the terms. Telephium. A kind of Orpine. Thlaspi. See Nasturtium. Thymbra. A wild Savory. Thymum. Time. Hot and dry in the third degree; helps coughs and shortness of breath, provokes the terms, brings away dead children and the afterbirth, purgeth phlegm, cleanseth the breast and lungs, reins and matrix, helps the Sciatica, pains in the breast, expels wind in any part of the body, resisteth fearfulness and melancholy, continual pains in the head, and is profitable for such as have the Falling-sickness to smell to. Thymaelea. The Greek name for Spurge-Olive: Mezereon being the Arabic name. Tithymalus, Esula etc. Spurge. Hot and dry in the fourth degree; a dogged purge, better let alone than taken inwardly; hair anointed with the juice of it will fall off; it kills Fish, being mixed with any thing that they will eat: outwardly it cleanseth ulcers, takes away freckles, sunburning and morphew from the face. Tormentilla. See the Root. Trinitatis herba. Pansies, or Hearts-ease: They are cold and moist both Herbs and Flowers, excellent against inflamatious of the breast or lungs, Convulsions, and Falling sickness, also they are held to be good for the French Pocks. Trifolium. Trefoil: dry in the third degree, and cold. The ordinary Meadow Trefoil, (for their word comprehends all sorts) cleanseth the guts of slimy humours that stick to them, being used either in Drinks or Clysters; outwardly they take away inflammations, Pliny saith the Leaves stand upright before a storm, which I have observed to be true oftener than once or twice, and that in a clear day, 14. hours before the storm came. Tussilago. Colts-foot: something cold and dry, and therefore good for inflammations, they are admirable good for Coughs, and Consumptions of the lungs, shortness of breath etc. It is often used and with good success taken in a Tobacco-pipe, being cut and mixed with a little oil of Annis seeds. See the Syrup of Colts-foot. Valeriana. Valerian, or Setwal See the Roots Verbascum. Thapsus Barbatus. Mullin, or Higtaper. It is something dry, and of a digesting, cleansing quality, stops fluxes and the hemorroids, it cures hoarcness, the cough, and such as are broken wound; the Leaves worn in the shoes provokes the terms, (especially in such Virgins as never had them) but they must be worn next their feet: also they say, that the Herb being gathered when the Sun is in Virgo, and the Moon in Aries, in their mutual Antistions, helps such of the falling-sickness as do but carry it about them: worn under the feet it helps such as are troubled with the fits of the mother. Verbena. Vervain; hot and dry, a great opener, cleanser, and healer, it helps the yellow jaundice, defects in the reins and bladder, pains in the head, if it be but bruised and hung about the neck; all diseases in the secret parts of men and women; made into an ointment it is a sovereign remedy for old headaches, called by the name of 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 as also frenzies; it clears the skin, and causeth a lovely colour. Veronica: See Betonica Pauli. Violarla. Violet Leaves: They are cool, ease pains in the head proceeding of heat, and frenzies, either inwardly taken, or outwardly applied, heat of the stomach, or inflammation of the lungs. Vitis Vinifera. The Manuted Vine, a Vines of different climates, have different operations. I write of English Vines. The Leaves are binding and cool withal; the burnt ashes of the sticks of a Vine, scour the teeth and make them as white as snow; the Leaves stop bleeding, fluxes, heart-burnings, vomitings, as also the longing of women with child. Vincitoxicum. Swallow-wort. A pultis made with the Leaves helps sore breasts, and also soreness of the matrix. Virga Pastoris. A third name for Teazles. (Thus you see the College will be surer than the Miller who took his toll but twice.) See Dipsacus. Virga Auria. See Consolida Ulmaria. See the Root. Meadsweet. Umbilious Veneris. Navel-wort; Cold, dry and binding, therefore helps all inflammations; they are very good for kib'd heels, being bathed with it, and a leaf laid over the sore. Urtica: Nettles; an herb so well known, that you may find them by the feeling in the darkest night: they are something hot, not very hot; the juice stops bleeding; they provoke lust exceedingly, help difficulty of breathing, pleurisies, inflammations of the lungs, that troublsome cough that women call the Chincough; they exceedingly break the stone, provoke urine, and help such as cannot hold their necks upright. Boyl them in white Wine. Usnea. Moss; once before. FLOWERS. borage, and Bugloss flowers, strengthen the heart and brain, and are profitable in Fevers. Chamomel flowers, heat and assuage swellings, inflammations of the bowels, dissolve wind, are profitable given in Clysters or drink, to such as are troubled with the Colic, or Stone. Staechas, opens stops in the bowels, and strengthens the whole body. Saffron powerfully concocts, and sends out whatever humour offends the body, drives back inflammations, being applied outwardly, increaseth lust, provokes urine. Clovegilliflowers, resist the pestilence, strengthen the heart, liver, and stomach, and provokes lust. Schoenanth (which I think I touched slightly amongst the Herbs) provokes urine potently, provokes the terms, breaks wind, helps such as spit or vomit blood, easeth pains of the stomach, reins, and spleen, helps dropsies, convulsions, and inflammations of the womb. Lavender-flowers, resist all cold afflictions of the brain, convulsions falling-sickness, they strengthen cold stomaches, and open obstructions of the liver, they provoke urine and the terms, bring forth the birth and afterbirth. Hops, opens stops of the bowels, and for that cause Beer is better than Ale. Bawm flowers, cheer the heart and vital spirits, strengthen the stomach. Rosemary-flowers, strengthen the brain exceedingly and resist madness, clear the sight. Winter-Gilliflowers, or Wall-flowers (as some call them) help inflammation of the womb, provoke the terms, and help ulcers of the mouth. Honeysuckles, provoke urine, ease the pains of the spleen, and such as can hardly fetch their breath. Mallows, help Coughs. Red Roses, cool, bind, strengthen both vital and animal virtue, restore such as are in consumptions, strengthen. There are so many Compositions of them which makes me the briefer in the Simples. Violets, (to wit the blue ones, for I know little or no use of the white in physic) cool and moisten, provoke sleep loosen the belly, resist fevers, help inflammations, correct the heat of choler, ease pains in the head, help the roughness of the windpipe, diseases in the throat, inflammations in the breast and sides, pluresies, open stops of the liver, and help the yellow Jaundice. Cichory, (or Succory as the vulgar calls it) cools and strengthens the liver: so doth Endive. Water-lillies ease pains of the head coming of choler and heat, provoke sleep, cool inflammations, and the heat in seavers. Pomegranate-flowers, dry and bind, stop fluxes, and the terms in women. Cowslips, strengthen the brain, senses, and memory, exceedingly, resist all diseases there, as convulsions, falling-sickness, palsies etc. Centaury, purges choler and gross humours, helps the yellow Jaundice, opens obstructions of the liver, helps pains of the spleen, provokes the terms, brings out the birth and afterbirth. Elder, flowers, help dropsies, cleanse the blood, clear the skin, open stops of the liver and spleen, and diseases arising there from. Bean-flowers, clear the skin, stop humours flowing into the eyes. Peach-tree flowers, purge choler gently. Broom-flowers, purge water, and are good in dropsies The temperature of all these differ either very little or not at all from the Herbs. And now I think I have done full out as well as the College, that named three times as many and gave the virtues of none. The way of using the Flowers I did forbear, because most of them may, and are usually, made into Conserves, of which you may take the quantity of a Nutmeg, in the morning; all of them may be kept dry a year, and Boiled with other herbs conducing to the cures they do. FRUITS and their BUDS. GReen Figs, are held to be of ill juice, but the best is we are not much troubled with them in England; dry Figs helps coughs, cleanse the breast, and help infirmities of the lungs, shortness of wind, they lose the belly, purge the reins, help inflammations of the liver and spleen; outwardly they dissolve swellings; some say the continual eating of them makes men lousy. Pine-Nuts, restore such as are in consumptions, amend the failings of the lungs, concoct phlegm, and yet are naught for such as are troubled with the headache. Dates, are binding, stop eating ulcers being applied to them, they are very good for weak stomaches, for they soon digest, and breed good nourishment, they help infirmities of the reins, bladder, and womb. Sebestens, cool choler, violent heat of the stomach, help roughness of the tongue and windpipe, cool the reins and bladder. Raisins of the Sun, help infirmities of the breast and liver, restore Consumptions, gently cleanse and move to stool. Walnuts, kill worms, resist the Pestilence, (I mean the green ones, not the dry.) Capers, eaten before meals, provoke hunger. Nutmegs, strengthen the brain, stomach, and liver, provoke urine, ease the pains of the spleen, stop looseness, ease pains of the head, and pains in the joints, ad strength to the body, take away weakness coming of cold, and cause a sweet breath. Cloves help digestion, stop looseness, provoke lust, and quicken the sight. Pepper, binds, expels wind, helps the colic, quickens digestion oppressed with cold, heats the stomach, (for all that old women say, 'tis cold in the stomach.) Quinces, See the Compositions. Pears are grateful to the stomach, drying, and therefore help fluxes. All Plums that are sharp or sour, are binding, the sweet are loosening. Cucumbers, or (if you will) Cucumbers, cool the stomach, and are good against ulcers in the bladder. Gauls, are exceeding binding, help ulcers in the mouth, wasting of the gums, easeth the pains of the teeth, helps the falling out of the womb and fundament, makes the hair black. Pompions are a cold and moist fruit, of small nourishment, they provoke urine, outwardly applied, the flesh of them help inflammations and burnings, being applied to the forehead they help inflammations of the eyes. Melones, called in London Muskmelons, have few other virtues. Apricocks are very grateful to the stomach, and dry up the humours thereof, Peaches, are held to do the like, Cubebs, are hot and dry in the third degree, they expel wind, and cleanse the stomach of tough, and viscus humours, they ease the pains of the spleen, and help cold diseases of the womb, they cleanse the head of slegm and strengthen the brain, they heat the stomach and provoke lust. Bitter Almonds, are hot in the first degree and dry in the second, they cleanse and cut thick humours, cleanse the lungs; and eaten every morning they are held to preserve from drunkenness. Bay-berries, heat, expel wind, mitigate pains are excellent for cold infirmities of the womb, and dropsies. Cherries, are of different qualities according to their different taste, the sweet are quickest of digestion, but the sour are most pleasing, to a hot stomach, and procure appetite to ones meat. Meddlers, are strengthening to the stomach, binding, and the green are more binding than the rotten, and the dry than the green. Olives, cool and bind. English-currances, cool the stomach, and are profitable in acute fevers, they quench thirst, resist vomiting, cool the heat of choler, provoke appetite, and are good for hot complexions. Services, or (as we in Sussex call them) Checkers, are of the nature of Medlars, but something weaker in operation. Barberries, quench thirst, cool the heat of choler, resist the pestilence, stay vomiting and fluxes, stop the terms, kill worms, help spitting of blood, fasten the teeth, and strengthen the gums. Strawberries, cool the stomach, liver, and blood, but are very hurtful for such as have agues. Winter-Cherries, potently provoke urine, and break the stone. Cassia-fistula, is temperate in quality, gently, purgeth choler and phlegm, clarrifies the blood, resists fevers, cleanseth the breast and lungs, it cools the reins, and thereby resisteth the breeding of the stone, it provokes urine, and therefore is exceeding good for the running of the reins in men, and the whites in women. All the sorts of Myrobalans, purge the stomach, the Indian Myrobalans are held to purge melancholy most especially, the other slegm; yet take heed you use them not in stops of the bowels: they are cold and dry, they all strengthen the heart, brain, and sinews, strengthens the stomach, relieve the senses, take away tremble and heart-qualms. They are seldom used alone. Prunes, are cooling and loosening. Tamarinds, are cold and dry in the second degree, they purge choler, cool the blood, stay vomiting, help the yellow Jaundice, quench thirst, cool hot stomaches, and hot livers. I omit the use of these also, as resting confident a child of three years old, if you should give it Raisins of the sun or Cherries, would not ask how it should take them. SEEDS OR GRAINS. COriander seed, hot and dry, expels wind, but is hurtful to the head, send up unwholesome vapours to the brain, dangerous for mad people; therefore let them be prepared as you shall be taught towards the latter end of the Book. Fenugreek seeds, are of a softening discussing nature, they cease inflammations, be they internal or external, bruised and mixed with vinegar they ease the pains of the Spleen; being applied to the sides, help hardness and swellings of the matrix; being boiled, the decoction helps scabby heads. Linseed hath the same virtues with Fenugreek. Gromwel-seed, provokes urine, helps the chollich, breaks the stone, and expels wind. Boyl them in white Wine, but bruise them first. Lupins, easeth the pains of the spleen, kills worms, and casts them out; outwardly, they cleanse filthy ulcers, and Gangrenes, help scabs, itch, and inflammations. Dill seed, increaseth milk in Nurses, expels wind, stays vomitings, provokes urine; yet it dulls the sight and is an enemy to generation. Smallage seed, provokes urine and the terms, expels wind, resists poisons, and easeth inward pains, it opens stops in any part of the body, yet it is hurtful for such as have the falling sickness, and for women with child. Rocket seed, provokes urine, stirs up lust, increaseth seed, kills worms, easeth the pains of the spleen: use all these in like manner. Basil seed: If we may believe Dioscorides and Crescentius, cheers the heart, and strengthens a moist stomach, drives away melancholy, and provokes urine, Nettle seed, provokes lust, opens stoppages of the womb, helps inflammations of the sides and lungs, purgeth the breast: boil them (being bruised) in White Wine also. The seeds of Ammi, or Bishopsweed, heat and dry, help difficulty of urine, and the pains of the colic, the bitings of venomous beasts, they provoke the terms, and purge the womb. Annis seeds, heat and dry, ease pain, expel wind, cause a sweet breath, help the dropsy, resist poison, breed milk, and stop the whites in women, provoke lust, and ease the headache Cardamons, heat, kill worms, cleanse the reins, and provoke urine. Fennel seeds, break wind, provokes urine, and the terms, increaseth milk in Nurses. Commin seeds, heat, bind and dry, stop blood, expel wind, ease pain, help the bitings of venomous beasts: outwardly applied (viz in plasters) they are of a discussing nature. Carret seeds, are windy, provoke lust exceedingly, and increase seed, provoke urine and the terms, cause speedy delivery to women in travel, and bring away the afterbirth. All these also may be boiled in White Wine. Nigella seeds, boiled in oil and the forehead anointed with it, ease pains in the head, take away leprosy, itch, scurff, and hepls scaldheads: inwardly taken they expel worms, they provoke urine, and the terms, help difficulty of breathing: the smoke of them (being burned) drives away Serpents and venomous beasts. Stavesager, kills Lice in the head, I hold it not fitting to be given inwardly. The seeds of water-cresses, heat, yet trouble the stomach and belly, ease the pains of the spleen, are very dangerous for women with child, yet they provoke lust; outwardly applied, they help leprosies scaldheads, and the falling off of hair, as also Carbuncles, and cold ulcers in the joints. Mustard seed, heats, extenuates, and draws moisture from the brain; the head being shaved and anointed with Mustard, is a good remedy for the lethargy, it helps filthy ulcers, and hard swellings in the mouth, it helps old aches coming of cold. French Barley, is cooling, nourishing, and breeds milk. Sorrel seeds, potently resist poison, helps fluxes, and such stomaches as loathe their meat. Succory seed, cools the heat of the blood, extinguisheth lust, openeth stops of the liver and bowels, it alleys the heat of the body, and produceth a good colour, it strengthens the stomach, liver, and reins. Poppy seeds, ease pain, provoke sleep. Your best way is to make an Emulsion of them with Barleywater. Mallow seeds, ease pains in the bladder. Cich-Pease, are windy, provoke lust, increase milk in Nurses provoke the terms, outwardly, they help scabs, itch, and inflammations of the stones, ulcers etc. White-Saxifrage seeds, provoke urine, expel wind, and break the stone. Boyl them in white Wine. Rue seeds, help such as cannot hold their water. Lettuce seed, cool the blood, restrains lust. Also Gourds, Citruls, Cucumbers, Melons, Purslain, and Endive Seeds, cool the blood, as also the stomach, spleen and reins, and allay the heat of fevers. Use them as you were taught to do Poppy seeds. Wormseed, expels wind, kills worms. Ash-tree Keyes, ease pains in the sides, help the dropsy, relieve men weary with labour, provoke lust, and make the body lean. Peony seeds, help the Ephialtes, or the disease the vulgar call the Mare, as also the fits of the mother, and other such like infirmites', of the womb, stop the terms, and help Convulsions. Broom seed, potently provoke urine, breaks the stone. Citron seeds, strengthen the heart, cheer the vital spirit, resist pestilence and poison. TEARS, LIQUORS, AND ROZINS. Laudanum, is of a heating mollifying nature, it opens the mouth of the veins, stays the hair from falling off, helps pains in the ears, and hardness of the womb. It is used only outwardly in 〈◊〉. Asa foetida, is commonly used to allay the fits of the mother by smelling to it, they say, inwardly taken, it provokes lust, and expels wind. Benzoin, or Benjamin, makes a good perfume. Sanguis Draconis, cools and binds exceedingly. Aloes, purgeth choler and phlegm, and with such deliberation that it is often given to withstand the violence of other purges, it preserves the senses and betters the apprehension, it strengthens the liver, and helps the yellow Jaundice. Yet it is naught for such as are troubled with the Hemorrhoids, or have agues. I do not like it taken raw. See Aloe Rosata, which is nothing but it washed with juice of roses. Manna, is temperately hot, of a mighty dilative quality, windy, cleanseth choler gently, also it cleanseth the throat and stomach. A child may take an ounce of it at a time melted in milk, and the dross strained out, it is good for them when they are scabby. Scamony, or Diagridium, call it by which name you please, is a desperate purge, hurtful to the body, by reason of its heat, windiness, corroding, or gnawing, and violence of working, I would advise my country to let it alone 'twill gnaw their bodies as fast as Doctors gnaw their purses. Opopanex, is of a heating, mollifying, digesting quality. Gum Elemi, is exceeding good for fractures of the skull, as also in wounds, and therefore is put in plasters for that end. See Arceus his Lineament. Tragacanthum, commonly called Gum Traganth, and Gum Dragon, helps coughs, hoarseness, and distillations upon the lungs. Bdellium, heats and softens, helps hard swellings, ruptures, pains in the sides, hardness of the sinews. Galbanum, hot, dry, discussing; applied to the womb, it hastens both birth and afterbirth, applied to the navel it stays the strangling of the womb, commonly called the fits of the mother, helps pains in the sides, and difficuty of breathing, being applied to it, and the smell of it helps the vertigo or dissiness, in the head. Myrrh, heats, and dries, opens and softens the womb, provokes the birth and after birth; inwardly taken, it helps old coughs, and hoarseness, pains in the sides, kills worms and helps a stinking breath, helps the wastings of the gums, fastens the 〈◊〉; outwardly it helps wounds, and fills up ulcers with flesh. You may take half a drachm at a time. Mastich, strengthens the stomach exceedingly, helps such as vomit or spit blood, it fastens the teeth and strengthens the gums, being chewed in the mouth. Frankincense and Olibanum, heat and bind, fill up old ulcers with flesh, stops bleediug, but is extreme bad for mad people. Turpentine purgeth, cleanseth the Reins, helps the running of them. Styrax calamitis, helps coughs and distillations upon the lungs, hoarseness, want of voice, hardness of the womb, but it is bad for headaches. Amoniacum, applied to the side, helps the hardness and pains of the spleen. Camphire, easeth pains of the head coming of heat, takes away inflammations, and cools any place it is applied to. JUICES. THat all Juices have the same virtues with the Herbs, or Fruits whereof they are made, I suppose few or none will deny; therefore I shall only name a few of them, and that briefly. Sugar is held to be hot in the first degree, strengthens the Lungs, takes away the roughness of the Throat, succours the Reins and Bladder. The Juice of Citrons cools the Blood, strengthens the Heart, mitigates the violent heat of Fevers. The Juice of Lemmons works the same effect, but not so powerfully (as Authors say,) Juice of Liquoris strengthens the Lungs, helps Coughs and Colds. I am loath to trouble the Reader with Tautology, therefore I pass to THINGS BRED OF PLANTS. OF these, the College names but few, and all of those few have been treated of before, only two excepted; the First of which is, Agaricus. Agrick, It purgeth Phlegm, Choler, and Melancholy, from the Brain, Nerves, Muscles, Marrow, (or more properly Brain) of the Back, it cleanseth the Breast, Lungs, Liver, Stomach, Spleen, Reins, Womb, Joints, it provokes Urine, and the Terms, kills Worms, helps pains in the Joints, and causeth a good Colour: It is very seldom or never taken alone. See Syrup of Roses with Agrick. Lastly, Viscus Quircinus, or Misleto of the Oak, helps the Falling sickness, being either taken inwardly, or hung about one's neck. LIVING-CREATURES. MIllepedes (so called from the multitude of their feet, though it cannot be supposed they have a thousand,) Sows, Hoglice, (in Sussex they call them Woodlice:) being bruised and mixed with Wine, they provoke urine, help the yellow Jaundice; outwardly being boiled in oil, help pains in the ears, a drop being put into them. The flesh of a I take our English Adder to be the true Viper, though happily not so venomous as they are in hotter Countries. Vipers being eaten, clear the sight, help the vices of the nerves, resist poison exceedingly, neither is there any better remedy under the Sun for their bitings than the head of the Viper that bit you, bruised and applied to the place, and the flesh eaten, you need not eat above a drachm at a time, and make it up as you shall be taught in Troches of Vipers. Neither any comparable to the stinging of Bees and Wasps etc. than the same that stung you, bruised and applied to the place. Land Scorpions, cure their own stingings by the same means, the ashes of them (being burnt) potently provokes urine and breaks the stone. Earthworms, (the preparation of which you may find towards the latter end of the Book) are an admirable remedy for cut nerves being applied to the place, they provoke urine, see the oil of them, only let me not forget one notable thing quoted by Mizaldus, which is, that the powder of them put into an hollow tooth, makes it drop out. Eels, being put into Wine or Beer, and suffered to die in it, he that drinks it will never endure that sort of liquor again. Oysters, applied alive to a pestilential swelling, draw the venom to them. Crabfish, burnt to ashes, and a drachm of it taken every morning helps the bitings of mad-dogs, and all other venomous beasts. Swallows, being eaten, clear the sight, the ashes of them (being burnt) eaten, preserves from drunkenness, helps sore throats being applied to them, and inflammations. Grasshoppers, being eaten, ease the colic, and pains in the bladder. Hedg-Sparrows, being kept in salt, or dried, and eaten raw, are an admirable remedy for the stone. Young Pigeons being eaten, help pains in the reins, and the disease called Tenasmus. PARTS OF LIVING CREATURES AND EXCREMENTS. THE brain of Sparrows being eaten provoke lust exceedingly. The brain of an Hare being roasted helps trembling, it makes children breed teeth easily, their gums being rubbed with it, it also helps scald heads and falling off of hair the head being anointed with it. The head of a coal black Cat being burnt to ashes in a new pot, and some of the ashes blown into the eye every day, helps such as have a skin growing over their sight, if there happen any inflammation, moisten an Oak leaf in water and lay over the eye; Mizaldus saith (by this one only medicine) cured such as have been blind a whole year. The head of a young * Some Countries call them Gleads, & others Puttocks. Kite, being burned to ashes and the quantity of a drachm of it taken every morning, in a little water, is an admirable remedy for the Gout. Crabs-eyes, breaks the stone, and open stops of the bowels. The lungs of a Fox well dried (but not burned) is an admirable strengthner to the lungs: See the Lohoch of Fox lungs The liver of a Duck, stops fluxes, and strengthens the liver exceedingly The liver of a Frog, being dried and eaten, helps quartan agues, or as the vulgar call them third-day agues. Cock's stones nourish mightily, and refresh and restore such bodies as have been wasted by long sickness they are admirable good in Hectic fevers, and (Galens supposed incurable) Marasmus, which is a consumption attending upon a Hectic fever; they increase seed, and help such as are weak in the sports of Venus. Castorium resists poison, the bitings of venomous beasts, it provokes the terms, and brings forth both birth and after birth, it expels wind, easeth pains and aches, convulsions, sigh, lethargies, the smell of it alleys the fits of the mother; inwardly given, it helps tremble, falling-sickness, and other such ill effects of the brain and nerves: A scruple is enough to take at a time, and indeed spirit of Castorium is better than Castorium raw, to which I refer you. The yard of a stag, helps fluxes, the bitings of venomous beasts, provokes urine, and stirs up lust exceedingly. A sheep or Goat's bladder being burnt, and the ashes given inwardly, helps the Diabetes, or continual pissing. Unicorns horn, resists poison and the pestilence, provokes urine, restores lost strength, brings forth both birth and afterbirth. Ivory, or Elephant's tooth, binds, stops the whites in women, it strengthens the heart and stomach, helps the yellow-Jaundice, and makes women fruitful. The virtues of Hartshorn, are the same with Unicorns horn. The bone that is found in the heart of a stag is as sovereign a Cordial, and as great a strengthner to the heart as any is, being beaten into powder and taken inwardly, also it resists pestilences and poison. The scull of a man that was never buried, being beaten to powder and given inwardly, the quantity of a drachm at a time, in Bettony water, helps palsies, and falling sickness. That small Triangular bone in the Skull of a man, Called Os triquetrum, so absolutely cures the falling sickness that it will never come again (saith Paracelsus.) Those small bones which are found in the fore feet of a Hare being beaten into powder and drunk in Wine, powerfully provoke urine. A Ring made of an Elks Claw, being worn helps the cramp. The fat of a man is exceeding good to anoint such limbs as fall away in flesh. Goose grease and Capon's grease are both softening, helps gnawing sores, stifness of the womb, and mitigate pain. I am of opinion that the Suet of a Goat, mixed with a little Saffron is as excellent an ointment for the Gout, especially the Gout in the knees as any is. Bear's grease stays the falling off of the hair. Fox Grease helps pains in the ears. Elks Claws or Hoofs are a Sovereign remedy for the falling sickness, though it be but worn in a Ring, much more being taken inwardly, but (saith Mizaldus) it must be the Hoof of the right foot behind Milk is an extreme windy meat, therefore I am of the Opinion of Dioscorides, viz. that it is not profitable in headaches, yet this is for certain, that it is an admirable remedy for inward ulcers in any part of the body, or any corrosions or excoriations, pains in the reins and bladder, but it is very bad in diseases in the liver, spleen, the falling sickness, vertigo, or dissiness in the head, fevers, and head aches: Goats milk is held to be better than Cows for Hectic fevers, Phtisicks, and consumptions, and so is Asses also. Whey, attenuateth and cleanseth both choler and melancholy, wonderfully helps melancholy and madness coming of it, it opens stops of the bowels, helps such as have the dropsy, and are troubled with the stops of the spleen, rickets, and hypocondriac melancholy: for such diseases you may make up your Physic with Whey. Outwardly it denseth the skin of such deformities as come through choler or melancholy, as scabs, itch, morphew, leprosy & c. Honey, is of a gallant cleansing quality, exceeding profitable in all inward ulcers, in what part of the body soever, it opens the veins, cleanseth the reins and bladder: he that would have more of the virtues of it, let him read Butler his Book of Bees, a gallant experimental work. I know no vices belonging to it, but only it is soon converted into choler. Wax, softens, heats, and meanly fills sores with flesh, it suffers not the milk to curdle in women's breasts; inwardly it is given (ten grains at a time) against bloody-fluxes. Raw-Silk, heats and dries, cheers the heart, drives away sadness, comforts all the spirits, both Natural, Vital, and Animal. As for Excrements, there the College makes shittin work, and paddle in the turds like Jakes Farmers, I will let them alone for fear the more I stir them the more they stink. BELONGING TO THE SEA. SPerma Caeti, is well applied outwardly to eating Ulcers, the marks which the small pocks leave behind them, it clears the sight, provokes sweat; inwardly it troubles the stomach and belly, helps bruises, and stretching of the nerves, and therefore is good for women newly delivered. Amber greese, heats and dries, strengthens the brain and nerves exceedingly, if the infirmity of them come of cold, resists pestilence. Sea-sand, a man that hath the dropsy, being set up to the middle in it, it draws out all the water. Red Coral, is cold, dry and binding, stops the immoderate flowing of the terms, bloody-fluxes, the running of the reins, and the whites in women, helps such as spit and piss blood, helps witchcraft being carried about one, it is an approved remedy for the falling sickness. Also if ten grains of red Coral be given to a Child in a little breast-milk so soon as it is born, before it take any other food, it will never have the falling sickness, nor convulsions. The common dose is from ten grains to thirty. Pearls, are a wonderful strengthner to the heart, increase milk in Nurses, and amend it being naught, they restore such as are in Consumptions, both they and the red Coral preserve the body in health, and resist fevers. The Dose is ten grains or fewer; more I suppose because it is dear, than because it would do harm. Amber, (viz. yellow Amber) heats and dries, therefore prevails against moist diseases of the head, it helps violent Coughs, helps Consumptions of the lungs, spitting of blood, the whites in women, it helps such women that are out of measure unwealdy in their going with child, it stops bleeding at the nose, helps difficulty of urine: You may take ten or twenty grains at a time The Froth of the Sea, it is hot and dry, helps scabs, itch, and leprosy, scald heads etc. it cleanseth the skin, helps difficulty of urine, makes the teeth white, being rubbed with it, the head being washed with it, it helps baldness, and trimly decks the head with hairs, METALS, MINERALS, AND STONES. GOLD is temperate in quality, it wonderfully strengthens the heart and vital spirits; which one perceiving very wittily inserted those verses. For Gold is Cordial; and that's the reason, Your raking Misers live so long a season. However this is certain, in Cordials, it refists melancholy, faintings, swoonings, fevers, falling- sickness, and all such like infirmities incident, either to the vital or animal spirit. What those be, see the directions at the beginning. Alum, heats, binds, and purgeth, scours filthy ulcers, and fastens loose teeth. Brimstone, or flower of Brimstone, which is Brimstone refined, and the better for Physical uses, helps coughs and rotten phlegm; outwardly in ointments it takes away leprosies, scabs, and itch, inwardly it helps the yellow Jaundice, as also worms in the belly especially being mixed with a little Saltpetre, it helps lethargies being snuffed up in the nose, the truth is I shall speak more of this, and many other Simples (which I mention not here) when I come to the Chemical Oils of them. Litharge, both of Gold and Silver, binds and dries much, fills up ulcers with flesh, and heals them. Led, is of a cold dry earthly quality, of an healing nature, applied to the place it helps any inflammation, and dries up humours. Pompbolix, cools, 〈◊〉, and binds. * The stone, not the herb. Jacynth, strengthens the heart being either beaten into powder and taken inwardly, or only worn in a Ring; Cardanus saith it increaseth riches and wisdom. Sapphire, resisteth Necromantic apparitions, and by a certain divine gift, it quickens the senses, helps such as are bitten by venomous beasts, ulcers in the guts, Galen, Dioscorides, Garcias, and Cardanus are my Author's Emerald, called a chaste stone, because it resisteth lust, and will break (as Cardanus saith) if one hath it about him when he deflowrs a Virgin; moreover being worn in a Ring, it helps or at least mitigates the falling sickness, and vertigo, it strengthens the Garcius. memory, and stops the unruly passions of men, it takes away vain and foolish fears, as of Devils, Hobgoblins etc. it takes away folly, anger etc. and causeth good conditions; and if it do so being worn about one, reason will tell him that being beaten into powder and taken inwardly, it will do it much more. Ruby (or Carbuncle, if there be such a stone) restrains Cardanus lust, resists pestilence, takes away idle and foolish thoughts, makes men cheerful. Granate, strengthens the heart, but hurts the brain, Cardanus causeth anger, takes away sleep. Diamond, is reported to make him that bears it infortunate, It makes men undaunted (I suppose because Gracius it is a stone of the nature of Mars) it makes Cardanus men more secure or fearless than careful, which it doth by overpowering the spirits; as the Sun though it be light itself, yet it darkens the sight in beholding its body. Amethyst, being worn, makes men sober and stayed, keeps them from drunkenness, and too much sleep, it quickens the wit, is profitable in hunt, and fightings, and repels vapours from the head. Bezoar, is a notable restorer of nature, a great cordial, no way hurtful nor dangerous, is admirable good in fevers, pestilences, and consumptions, viz. taken inwardly, for this stone is not used to be 〈◊〉 as a Jewel; the powder of it being put upon wounds made by venomous beasts, draws out the poison. Topas, (If Epiphanius spoke truth) if you put it into boiling water, it doth so cool it that you may presently put your hands into it without harm, if so, than it cools inflammations of the body by touching of them. Toadstone, being applied to the place helps the bitings of venomous beasts, and quickly draws all the Lemnius poison to it, it is known to be a true one by this, hold it near to any Toad, and she will make proffer to take it away from you, if it be right, else not. There is a stone of the bigness of a Bean found in the Gizzard of an old Cock, which makes him that Lemnius bears it, beloved, constant, and bold, valiant in fight, beloved by women, potent in the sports of Venus. Nephriticus lapis, help pains in the stomach, and is of great force in breaking and bringing away the stone & gravel; concerning the powerful operation of which I shall only quote you one story of many, out of Monardas', a Physician of note. A certain noble man (quoth he) very well known to me, by only bearing this stone tied to his arm, voided such a deal of gravel, that he feared the quantity would do him hurt, by avoiding so much of it, wherefore he laid it from him, and then he avoided no more gravel; but afterwards being again troubled with the stone, he beware it as before, and presently the pain eased, and he avoided gravel as before, and was never troubled with the pain of the stone so long as he beware it. Mathiolus Jasper, being worn stops bleeding, easeth the labour of women, stops lust, resist fevers and dropsies. Aetites, or the stone with child, because being hollow in the middle, it contains another little stone within it, it is found in an Eagles nest, and in many Dioscorides. other places; this stone being bound to the left arm of women with child, stays their miscarriage or abortion, Pliny. but when the time of their labour comes, remove it from their arm, and bind it to the inside of their thigh, and it brings forth the child, and that (almost) without any pain at all. Young Swallows of the first brood, if you cut them up, between the time they were hatched, and the next full Moon, you shall find two stones in their ventricle, one reddish, the other blackish, these being hung about the neck in a piece of Stag's leather, help the falling sickness, and fevers. The truth is, I have found the reddish one myself without any regard to the lunation, but never tried the virtues of it. Lapis Lazuli, purgeth melancholy being taken inwardly; outwardly worn as a Jewel, it makes men cheerful, fortunate, and rich. And thus I end the Stones, the virtues of which if any think incredible, I answer, 1. I quoted the Authors where I had them, 〈◊〉. I know nothing to the contrary but why it may be as possible as the sound of a Trumpet is to incite a man to valour, or of a Fiddle to dancing; and if I have added a few Simples which the College left out, I hope my fault is not much, or at least wise, venial. THus much for their old Dispensatory, which with them is now like an old Almanac out of date: Indeed had not the Printer desired it might not be (and withal promised me that he would do it in a smaller print that so the Book might not exceed the former price) I had left out what hitherto hath been written, having published in print such a * The English Physician. treatise of Herbs and Plants as my Country men may readily make use of, for their own preservation of health or cure of diseases, such as grow near them and are easily to be had; that so by the help of my book they may cure themselves, and never be beholding to such Physicians as the iniquity of these times affords. And thus I come to the thing they call their New Dispensatory, or as more properly it is, their old one new vamped; And first to their Cotalogue of simples. A CATALOGUE OF SIMPLES IN THE NEW DISPENSATORY. ROOTS, of College. SOrrell, Calamus Aromaticus, Waterflag, Privet, Garlick, Marsh-mallows, Aleanet, Angelica, Anthora, Smallage, Aron, Birthwort long and round, Showbread, Reeds, Asarabacca, Virginian, Snakeweed, Swallow-wort, Asparagus, Asphodel male and female, burdock's great and small, Behen, or Bazil, Valerian white and red, Daisies, Beets, white red and black, Marsh-mallows, Bistort, borage, Briony white and black. Bugloss garden and wild, Calamus Aromaticus, our Lady's thistles, Avens, Coleworts, Centaury the less, Onions, Chameleon white and black, Chelondine, Pilewort, China, Succory, Artichokes, Virginian Snake-root, Comfry greater and lesser, Contra yerva, Costus, sweet and bitter, Turmerick, Wild Cucumbers, Showbread, Hounds-tongue, Cyperus long and round, toothwort, White Dittany, Doronicum, Dragons, Woody Nightshade, Viper's Bugloss, Smallage, Hellebore white and black, Endive, Alicampane, Eringo, Coltsfoot, Fearn male and female, Filipendula or Dropwort, Fennel, White Dittany, Galanga great and small, Gentian, Liquoris, Dog-grass, hermodactils, Swallow-wort, Jacinth, Henbane, jalap, Masterwort, Orris or flower-de-luce both English and Florentine, Sharp-poynted-dock, Burbock greater and less, lovage, Privet, White Lilies, Liquoris, Mallows, Mechoacan, jalap, Spignel, Mercury, Devils Bit, Sweet Navew, Spicknard, Celtic, and Indian, Water lilies, Restharrow, Sharp-poynted-Dock, Peony male and female, Parsneps garden and Wild, Cinkfoyl, Butterburre, Parsley, Hogs-Fennel, Valerian greater and lesser, Burnet, Land and water Plantain, Polypodium of the Oak, Solomon's Seal, Leeks, Pellitory of Spain, Cinkfoyl, Turnips, Rhadishes garden and Wild, Rhapontick, Common Rhubarb, Mouks-rhubarb, Rose-root, Maddir, Bruscus, Sopewort, Sarsaparilla, Satiryon male and female, white Saxifrage, Squills, Figwort, Scorzonera English and Spanish, Virginian, Snakeweed, Solomon's Seal, Cicers, Stinking Gladon, Devills-bit, Dandelion, Thapsus, Tormentill, Turbith, Colt's foot, Valcrian greater and lesser. Vervain, Swallow-wort, Nettles, Zedoary, long and round, Ginger. Culpeper] These be the Roots the College hath named, and but only named, and in this order as I have set them down. It seems the Coiledg hold a strange opinion, viz. That it would do an English man a mischief to konws what the herbs in is garden are good for, such admirable Commonwealths-men they are, so infinitely beneficial to their Country; even in the suparlative degree. For my own particular I aim solely at the benefit of my country in what I do, and shall impartially reveal to them what the Lord hath revealed to me in Physic: I see my first labours were so well accepted, that I shall not now give over till I have given my country that which is called the whole body of Physic, in their own mother tongue; I weigh the ill language of the College no more than I do a straw under my foot; Wisdom will be justified of all her children: only I desire them not to grow to proud, but remember who it was said, Pride goes before a fall, and a haughty mind before destruction. In ancient times when men lived more in health, simples were more in use by far than now they are: now compounds take the chief place, and men are far more sickly than before; The reason I conceive to be the incongruity between the Colleges compounds and our bodies; It is palpably true that their receipts were no children of their own brains, but borrowed some from Arabia, others from Greece, and some few from Italy: I know no reason why they abscorded the names of the Authors from whence they borrowed them, unless it were either to make the Generation to come, believe they were their own: or else to put an exceeding difficulty to all, an 〈◊〉 impossibility upon most, to find the verttues of them, as not knowing in what Authors to search for them; The one of these shows the pride, the other the dishonesty of their hearts. But to return to my purpose, my opinion is, that those herbs, roots, plants etc. which grow near a man are far better and more congruous to his nature than any outlandish rubbish whatsoever, and this I am able to give a reason of to any that shall demand it of me, therefore I am so capious in handling of them, you shall observe them ranked in this order. 1. The Temperature of the Roots, Herbs, Flowers etc. are of, viz. Hot, cold, dry, moist, together with the degree of each quality. 2. What part of the body each root, herb, flower, is apropriated to, viz. head, throat, breast, heart, stomach, liver, spleen, bowels, reins, bladder, 〈◊〉, joints, and in those which heat those places, and which cool them. 3. The property of each Simple as they, bind, open, mollify, harden, extinuate, discuss, draw out, suppure, cleanse, glutinate, break wind, breed seed, provoke the terms, stop the terms, resist poison, abate swellings, ease pain. This I intent shall be my general method throughout the Simples, which having finished; I shall give you a paraphrase explaining these terms, which rightly considered will give the key of Galens way of administering Physic. The Temperature of the Roots. Roots hot in the first degree. Marshmallows, Bazil, Valerian, Spattling poppy, burdock's, borage, Bugloss, Calamus Aromaticus, Avens, Pilewort, China, selfheal, Liquoris, Dog-grass, White-Lillies Peony male and female, Wild parsneps, Parsley, Valerian great and small, Kneeholly, Satyrion, Scorzonera, Skirrets. Hot in the second degree. Waterflag, Reeds, Swallowwort, Asphodel male, Carline thistle, Cyperus long and round, Fennel, Lovage, Spignell, Mercury, Devilsbit, Butter-burr, Hogs-Fennel, Sarsa-parilla, Squills, Zedoary. Hot in the third degree. Angelica, Aron, Birthwort long and round, Showbread, Asarabacca, Briony, white and black, Sullendine, Virginian Snake-root, Hermerick, White 〈◊〉, Doronicum, Hellebore white and black, Alicampane, Filipendula, Galanga greater and lesser, Masterwort, Orris, English and Florintine, Restharrow, Stinking Gladon, Turbith, Ginger. Hot in the fourth degree. Garlic, Onnions, Leeks, Pellitory of Spain. Roots temperate in respect of heat are, 〈◊〉, Asparagus, Our Lady's thistles, Eringo, Jalap, 〈◊〉, Mechoacan, Garden-Parsnips, Sinkfoyl, 〈◊〉. 〈◊〉 cold in the first degree. Sorrel, Beets white and red, Comfry the greater, Plantain, Rose root, Maddir. Cold in the second degree. Alcanet, Daisies, Succory, Hounds-tongue, Endive, Jacinth. Cold in the third degree, Bistort and mandrakes, are cold in the third degree, and Henbane in the fourth. Roots dry in the first degree Bearsbreech, burdock's, Red beets, Calamus Aromaticus, Pilewort selfheal, Endive, Eringo, Jacinth, Maddir, Kneeholly. Dry in the second degree. Waterflag, Marsh-mallows, Alkanet Smallage, Reeds, Sorrel, Swallow-wort, Asphodel male, Bazill, Valerian and Spatling-poppy, according to the opinion of the Greeks, Our Lady's thistles, Avens, Succory, Hounds-tongue, Cyperus long and round, Fennell, Lovage, Spignel, Mercury, Devil's bit, Butter-burt, Parsley, Plantain, Zedoary. Dry in the third degree. Angellica, Aron, Birthwort long and round, Showbread, Bistort, Asarabacca, Briony white and black, Carline thistle, China, Sullendine, Virginian, Snake-root, White Dittany, Doronicum, Hellebore white and black, Alicampane, Filipendula, Galanga greater and lesser, Master-wort, Orris English and Florentine, Restharrow, Peony, male and female, Sinkfoyl, Hogs-Fennell, Sarsa-parilla, Stinking-Gladon, tormentil, Ginger. Dry in the fourth degree Garlick, Onnions, Costus, Leeks, Pellitory of Spain. Roots moist are, Bazil Valerian, and Spattling-poppy, according to the Arabian Physicians, Daisies, white Beets, borage, Bugloss, Liquoris, Dog-grass, Mallows, Satyrion, Scorzonera, Parsnips, Skirrets. Roots are also apropriated to several parts of the body; and so they, Heat the head, Doronicum, Fennel, jalap, Mechoacan, Spicknard, Celtic, and Indian, Peony male and female. Neck and throat. Pilewort, Devilsbit. Breast and lungs. Birthwort long and round, Elicampane, Liquoris, Orris English and florentine, Calamus Aromaticus, Sinkfoil, Squills. Heart Angellica, borage, Bugloss, Carline thistle, Doronicum, Butter burr, Scorzonera, Tormentil Zedoary, Bazil, Valerian white and red. Stomach Alicampane, Galanga greater and lesser, Spicknard, Celtic, and Indian, Ginger, Fennel, Avens; Radishes. Bowels Valerian great and small, Zedoary, Ginger. Liver Smallage, Carline thistle, Sullendine, China, Turmerick, Fennel, Gentian, Dog-grass, cinquefoil, Parsly, Smallage, Asparagus, Rhubarb Rhapontick, Kneeholly. Spleen Smallage, Carline thistle, Fearn male and female, Parsley, Waterflag, Asparagus, round Birthwort, Fennel, Capers; Ash, Gentian. Reins and bladder. Marshmallows, Smallage, Asparagus, Burdock, Bazil, Valerian, spatling Poppy, Carline thistle, China, Cyperus long and round, Filipendula, Dog-grass, Spicknard, Celtic, and Indian, Parsly, Kneeholly, white Saxisrage. Womb Birthwort long and round, Galanga greater and lesser, Peony male and female, hog's Fennel. Fundament Pilewort. Joints Bearsbreech, Hermodactils, jalap, Mecoacan, Ginger, Costus. Roots cool the Head Rose Root. Stomach Sow thistles, Endive, Succory, Bistort. Liver and spleen Maddir, Endive, Cichory. The properties of the Roots. Although I confess the properties of the Simples may be found out, by the ensuing explanation of the terms and I suppose by that means they were found out at first, and although I hate a lazy Student from my heart, yet to encourage young Students in the art; I shall quote the chiefest of them, I desire all lovers of Physic to compare them with the explanation of these Rules, so shall they see how they agree, so may they be enabled to find out the properties of all Simples, (yea of such as are not mentioned in the learned Colleges Apish Dispensatory) to their own exceeding benefit in Physic. Roots, Bind, Cyperus, Bistort, Tormentil, cinquefoil, Bears breech, Waterflag, Alkanet, Toothwort, etc. Discuss Birthwort, Asphodel, Briony, Capers, etc. Cleanse Birthwort Aron, Sparagus, Grass, Asphodel, Sullendine, etc. Open Asarabacca, Garlic, Leeks, Onions, Rhapontick, Turmerick, Carline thistle, Succory, Endive, Filipendula, Fennel, Parsly, Bruscus, Sparagus, Smallage, Gentian etc. Extenuate Orris English and florentine, Capers, etc. 〈◊〉 Garlic, Onions, 〈◊〉 of Spain etc. 〈◊〉 Mallows, Marshmallows, etc. Suppure Marshmallows, Briony, white Lilies, etc. Glutinate Comfry, Solomon's seal, Gentian, Birthwort, Daisies, etc. Expel Wind Smallage, Parsley, Fennel, Waterflag, Garlic, Costus, Galanga, hogs Fennel, Zedoary, Spicknard Indian and Celticque, etc. Breed seed Waterflag, Eringo, Satyrion, Galanga, etc. Provoke the terms Birthwort, Asarabacca, Aron, Waterflag, white Dittany, Asphodel, Garlic, Centaury the less, Cyperus long and round, Costus, Capers, Calamus, Aromaticus, Dittany of Crect, Carrots, Eringo, Fennel, Parsly, Smallage, Grass, Alicampane, Peony, Valerian, Kneeholly, etc. Stop the terms Comfry, Tormentil, Bistort, etc. Provoke sweat Carline thistle, China, Sarsa parilla, etc. Resist poison Angellica, Garlick, long Birthwort, Smallage, Doronicum, Costus, Zedoary, Cyperus, Gentian, Carline thistle, Bistort, Tormentil, Swallow-wort, Vipers, Bugloss, Alicampane etc. Helpe burnings Asphodel, Jacinth, white Lilies, etc. Ease pains Waterflag, Eringo, Orris, Restharrow, etc. Of Roots, some purge, Choler Asatabacca, Rhubarb, Rhapontick, Fern, etc. Melancholy Hellebore, white and black, Polypodium. Phlegm and watery humours Squils, Turbith, Hermodactils, jalap, Mechoacan, wild Cucumbers, Showbread, male Asphodel, Briony white and black, Elder, Spurge, great and small. * How to use your bodies in, and after taking Purges; you shall be taught by and by: I quoted some of these properties, to teach you the way how to find the rest, which the explanation of these terms will give you ample instructions in: I quoted not all because I would fain have you studious; be diligent, gentle Readers be diligent, who knows but you may come to be Collegiates, or as good Physicians as Collegiates, before you die. The BARKS which the College blot paper-with, are these that follow, College] 〈◊〉 Nuts, Oranges, Barberries, Birch-tree, Caper roots, Cassia Lignea, Chestnuts, Cinnamon, Citron Pills, Dwars-Elder, Spurge Roots, Alder, Ash, Pomegranates, 〈◊〉, 〈◊〉, green Walnuts, 〈◊〉; Bay, Lemmons, Mace, Pomegranates, Mandrake roots, Mezereon, Mulberry-tree roots, Sloe-tree roots, Pine-nuts, Fistick-nuts, Poplar tree, Oak, Elder, Sassasras, Cork, Tamaris, Linetree, Frankincense, Elm, Capt. Winter's Cinnamon. Culpeper] A. Of these, Captain Winter's Cinnamon, being taken as ordinary Spice, or half a dram taken in the morning in any convenient Liquor, is an excellent remedy for the Scurvy, the powder of it being snuffed up in the nose, cleanseth the head of Rhewn gallantly. The Bark of the black Alder-tree, purgeth choler and phlegm, if you make a decoction with it: Agrimony, Wormwood, Dodder, Hops, Endive, and Succory roots, Parsley, and Smallage Roots, or you may bruise a handful of each of them, and put them in a gallon of new 〈◊〉, and let them work together, (put the Simples in a Boulter-bag) * Half a pint, more or less, according to the age of him that drinks it. a draught being drunk every morning, helps the dropsy, Jaundice, evil disposition of the body, helps the rickets, strengthens the liver and Spleen, makes the digestion good, troubles not the stomach at all, causeth appetite, and helps such as are scabby and itchy. The rest of the Barks that are worth the noting, and the virtues of them are to be found, in the former part of the book. Barks are hot in the first degree. Guajacum, Tamaris, Oranges, Lemons, Citrons. In the Second Cinnamon, Cassia Lignea, Captain Winter's Cinnamon, Frankincense, Capers. In the Third Mace. Cold in the first Oak, Pomegranates. In the third Mandrake's According to Place, they Heat the Head Captain Winter's Cinnamon. The Heart Cinnamon, Cassia Lignea, Citron Pills, Walnuts, Lemmon Pills, Mace. The Stomach Orange Pills, Cassia Lignea, Cinnamon, Citron Pills, Lemmon Pills, Mace, Sassafras. The Lungs Cassia Lignea, Cinnamon, Walnuts. The Liver Barberry-tree, Bay-tree, Capt. Winter's Cinnamon. The Spleen Caper Bark, Ash-tree Bark, Bay-tree. The reins and Bladder Bay-tree, Sassasras. The Womb Cassia Lignea, Cinnamon. Cool the Stomach Pomegranate Pills. Purge choler The Bark of Barberry-tree. Purge Phlegm and Water. Elder, Dwarf-Elder, Spurge, Laurel. To fill up another part of a Page, the College quote a few WOODS, which are these; College] FIrr, Wood of Aloes, Rhodium, Brazil, Box, Willow, Cypress, Ebeny, Guajacum, Juniper, Lentisk, Nephriticum, Rhodium, Rosemary, Sanders, white, yellow, and red, Sassasras, Tamaris. Of these some are hot, As, Wood of Aloes, Rhodium, Box, Ebeny, Guajacum, Nephriticum, Rosemary, Sassafras, 〈◊〉. Some cold, As Cypress, Willow, Sanders, white, red, and yellow. Rosemary is apropriated to the Head, Wood of Aloes to the Heart and Stomach, Rhodium to the Bowels and bladder, Nephriticum to the Liver, Spleen Reins, and Bladder, Sassafras to the breast, stomach and bladder, Tamaris to the Spleen, Sanders cools the heart and spirits in seavers. For the particular virtues of each see that part of the book preceding. The HERBS which the College spent so much pains and Study, barely to name, are, The College] SOuthernwood male and female, Wormwood, Common, Roman, and such as bears, Wormseed, Sorrel, wood Sorrel, Maidenhair common, white or wall Rue, black and golden, Maudlin, Agrimony, Vervain, Mallow, Lady's mantle, Chickweed, Marshmallows, and Pimpernel both male and female, water Pimpernel, Dill, Angellica, Smallage, Goose-grass or cleavers, Columbines, wild Tansy, or silver weed, Mugwort, Asarabacca, Wood roof, Arach, Distaff thistle, Mousear, Cost-mary, or Alecost, burdock's greater and lesser, Brooklime, or water Pimpernal, Beets white, red, and black, Bettony of the wood and water, Daisies greater and lesser, Blite, Mercury, borage, Oak of Jerusalem, Cabbages, Soldanella, Briony white and black, Bugloss, Bugless, Sheaphards' purse, Ox-eye, Box leaves, Calaminth of the Mountains, and Fens, ground Pine, Wood-bine, or Honey suckles, Lady-smocks, Marygolds, our Lady's thistles, Carduus, Benedictus, Avens, small Spurge, Horse tail, Coleworts, Centaury the less, Knotgrass, Ceterach, Cheyvil, Germander, Chamomel, Chamepitys, female Southernwood, Chelondine, Pilewort, Chicory, Hemlock, garden and Sea Scurvygrass, Fleawort, Comfry great, middle, or Bugle, lest or Daisies, Saracens confound, Buck horn, Plantain, May weed, (or Marg-weed, as we in Sussex call it) Orpine, Sampeer, Crolwort, Dodder, Blue bottle great and small, Artichokes, Houndstongue, Cypress leaves, Dandelion, Dittany of Crect, Fox leaves, Teazles garden and wild, 〈◊〉 Elder, Viper's Bugloss, Lluellin, Smallage, Endive, Alicampane, Horstail, Epithimum, Groundsel, Hedg-mustard, Spurge, Agrimony, Maudlin, Eye-bright, Orpine, Fennel, Sampeer, Filipendula, Indian leaf, Srawberry leaves, Ashtree leaves, 〈◊〉, Goats rue, Lady's Bedstraw, Broom, Muscatu, Herb robert, Doves foot, Cotton-weed, Hedg-bysop, tree Ivy, ground Ivy, or Alehoose, Alicampane, Pellitory of the wall, Liver-wort, 〈◊〉, Rupture-wort, Hawk-weed, Monk's Rhubarb, Alexander's, Clary garden and wild, Henbane, St. 〈◊〉, Horstongue, or double tongue, Hyssop, Sciatica-cresses, small Sengreen, Sharewoot, Woad, Reeds, Schoenanth, Chamepitys, Glasswort, Lettuce, Lagobus, Archangel, Burdock great and small, Lavender, Laurel, Bay leaves English and Alexandrian, Duck meat, Dittander or Pepper wort, Lovage, Privet, Sea Bugloss, To ad-flax, Harts-tongue, sweet trefoil, Wood Sorrel, Hops, Willow herb, Marjoram, common and tree Mallows, Mandrakes, Horehound white and black, herb 〈◊〉, Feather-few, Woodbine, Melilot, Bawm, garden and water Mints, Horse-mints, Mercury, Mezereon, Yarrw, Devilsbit, Moss, sweet Chivil, Myrtle leaves, Garden and water Cresses, Nep, Tobacco, Money-wort, Water-lillies, Baxil, Olive leaves, Restharrow, Adder's tongue, Origanum, Sharp-poynted-Dock, Poppy, white, black, and red, or Erratic, Pellitory of the wall, Cinkfoyl, Arsmart, spotted, and not spotted, Peach leaves, Throughwax, Parsly, Harts-tongue, Valerian, Mousear, Burnet, small Spurge, Plantain, common and narrow leaved, Mountain and Cretick Poley, Knotgass, Golden Maidenhair, Poplar leaves and Buds, Leeks, Purslain, Silverweed, or wild Tansy, Horehound white and black, Prim-roses, selfheal, Field Pellitory, or Sneezwort, Penyroyal, Fleabane, Lunguewort, Winter-green, Oak Leaves and Buds, cinquefoil, Crowfoot, Rosa solis, Rasberry and Bramble Leaves and Buds, Docks, Common Rue, or Herb of Grace, Goat's Rue, Wall Rue, or white Maidenhair, Wild Rue, Savin, Ozier Leaves, Garden Sage, the greater and lesser, wild Sage, Elder leaves and buds, Marjoram, Burnet, 〈◊〉, Sopewort, Savory, white saxifrage, Scabious, Cichory, Schoenanth, Clary, Scordium, Figwort, Housleek or sengreen, the greater and lesser, Groundsel, Senna leaves and cod, Mother of Time, Solomon's seal, Alexanders, Nightshade, Soldanella, Sowthistles, smooth and rough, Flixweed, Common spike, spinach, Hawthorn, Devil's bit, Comfry, Tamaris leaves, tansy, Dandelyon, Mullen or Higtaper, Time, Linetree Leaves, spurge, Tormentil, common and golden trefoil, Woodsorrel, sweet trefoil, Coltsfoot, Valerian, Mullen, Vervain, Paul's Bettony, Lluellen, Violets, Pansies, Periwinkles, Swallow-wort, Golden rod, Vine leaves, Meadsweet, Elm-leaves, Navil-wort, Nettles, common and Roman, Archangel, or dead Nettles, white and red. Culpeper] A. These be the Herbs as the College set them down to look upon; we will see if we can translate them in another form for the use and benefit of the body Man. Herbs Temperate in respect of Heat, Are Common Maidenhair, Walrue, black and golden Maidenhair, Wood-roof, Bugle, Goat's Rue, Harts-tongue, sweet trefoil, Flixweed, Cinkfoyl, Trefoyl, Paul's Betony, Fluellin. Intemperate, are hot in the first degree, as Agrimony; Marshmallows; Goosgrass or Cleavers; Distaff thistle; borage; Bugloss; our Lady's thistles; Avens; Cetrach; Chervil; Camomel; Eyebright; Cowslips; Melilot; Bazil, selfheal. In the second degree Common and Roman Wormwood; Maudlin; Ladies Mantle; Pimpernel, male and female; Dill; Smallage; Mugwort; Costmary; Betony; Oak of Jerusalem; Marigolds; Cuckoo flowers; Carduus Benedictus; Centaury the less; Camepitys; Scurvygrass; Indian leaf; Broom; Alehoof, Alexander's; Double-tongue, or tongueblade; Archangel, or dead Nettles; Bay leaves; Marjoram; Horehound; Bawm; Mercury; Devilsbit; Tobacco; Parsly; Poley mountain; Rosemary; Sage; Sanicle; Scabious; Senna; Soldanella; Tansy; Vervain; Peruinkle. In the third degree Southernwood, male and female; Brooklime; Angellica; Briony, white and black; Calaminth; Germander: Sullendine: Pilewort: Fleabane: Dwarf-Elder: Epithimum: Bank-cresses: Clary: Glasswort: Lavender: Lovage: Herb mastic: Feathersew: Mints: Water-cresses: Origanum: biting Arsmart, called in Latin, Hydropiper: (the College confounds this with Persicaria, or mild Arsmart, which is cold) Sneezwort: Penyroyal: Rue: Savin Summer and Winter Savory: Mother of Time: Lavender: Spike: Time: Nettles. In the fourth degree Sciatica-cresses: stone crop. Dittander or Pepperwort: Garden-cresses: Leeks: Crowfoot: Rosa solis: Spurge. Herbs cold in the first Degree. Sorrel, wood Sorrel, Arach, Burdock, Sheaphards' purse, Pellitory of the wall, Hawk-weed, Mallows, Yarrow, mild Arsmart called Persicaria; if you be afraid of mistaking this for the other, break a leaf cross your tongue, that which is hot will make your tongue smart, so will not this, (and here by the way let me tell the College one of their errors, and I will tell them but the truth, whereas they affirm, Persicaria Maculata, or spotted Arsmart to be the Hydropiper, 'tis no such matter in our Country, most of the wild Arsmart, though not all, hath blackish spots in the leaves, almost Semi circular, like a half Moon, but to proceed) Burnet, Coltsfoot, Violets. Cold in the second Degree. Chickweed, wild Tansy, or Silver-weed, Daisies, Knotgrass, Succory, Buckhorn, Plantain, Dandelion, Endive, Fumitory, Strawberry leaves, Lettuce. Duckmeat, Plantain, Purslain, Willow leaves. In the third Degree. Sengreen or Housleek, Nightshade. In the fourth Degree. Hemlock, Henbane, Mandrakes, Poppies. Herbs dry in the first Degree. Agrimony, Marshmallows, Cleavers, burdock's, Sheaphards' purse, our Lady's thistles, Chervil, Chamomel, Eyebright, Cowslips, Hawkweed, Tongue blade, or double Tongue, Mclilot, mild Arsmart, selfheal, Senna, Flixweed, Coltsfoot, Peruinkle. Dry in the second Degree. Common and Roman Wormwood, Sorrel, wood Sorrel, Maudlin, Lady's mantle, Pimpernel male and female, Dill, Smallage, wild Tansy or Silverweed, Mugwort, Distaff thistle, Cost-mary, Bettony, Bugle, Cuckoo flowers, Carduus Benedictus, Avens, Centaury the less, Chicory commonly called Succory, Scurvygrass, Buckhorn, Plantain, Dandelion, Endive, Indian leaf, Strawberry leaves, Fumitory, Broom, Alehoofe, Alexander's, Archangel or dead Nettles white and red, Bay leaves, Marjoram, Feather-few, Bawm, Mercury, Devilsbit, Tobacco, Parsly, Burnet, Plantain, Rosemary, Willow leaves, Sage, Sanicle, Scabious, Soldanella, Vervain. Dry in the third Degree. Southern wood male and female, Brooklime, Angellica, Briony white and black, Calaminth, Germander, Chamepitys, Sullendine, Pilewort, Fleabane, Epithimum, Dwarff Elder, Bank cresses, Clary, Glaswort, Lavender, Lovage, Horehound, herb Mastich, Mints, Water-cresses, Origanum, Cinkfoyl, hot Arsmart, Poley mountain, Sneezwort, Penyroyal, Rue, or herb of Grace, Savin winter and summer Savory, mother of Time, Lavender, Spike, Tansy; Time; Trefoyl. In the fourth Degree. Garden cresses; wild Rue; Leeks; Onions; Crowfoot; Rosa solis; Garlic; Spurge. Herbs moist in the first Degree. 〈◊〉; Bugloss; Marigolds; Pellitory of the wall; Mallows; Bazil. In the fourth Degree. Chickweed; Arach; Daisies; Lettuce; Duckmeat; Purslain; Sow thistles; Violets; Water-lilies. Herbs apropriated to certain parts of the body of man, and so they, Heat the Head; as, Maudlin; Costmary; Bettony; Carduus. Benedictus; Sullendine; Scurvy grass; Eyebright; Goats 〈◊〉; Cowslips; Lavender; Laurel; Lovage; herb Mastich; Feather-few; Melilot; Sneezwort; Peny royal; Senna; mother of Time; Lavender; Spike; Time; Vervain, Rosemary. Heat the Throat. Archangel white and red; otherwise called dead Nettles; Devilsbit. Heat the Breast. Maidenhair; white, black, common and Golden; Distaff thistle; Time; Betony; Calaminth; Chamomel; Fennel; judian leaf; Bay leaves; Hyssop; Bawm; Horehound; Oak of Jerusalem; Germander; Melilot; Origanum; Rue; Scabious; Peruinkles; Nettles. Heat the Heart. Southernwood male and female; Angellica; Woodroofe, Bugloss; Carduus Benedictus; 〈◊〉; Goats Rue; Bay leaves; Bawm; Rue; Senna; Bazil; Rosemary; Alicampane. Heat the Stomach. Wormwood common and Roman, Smallage, Avens, Indian leaf, Broom, Schenanth, Bay leaves, Bawm, Mints, Parsley, Fennel, Time, mother of Time, Sage. Heat the Liver. Agrimony, Maudlin, Pimpernel male and female, Smallage, Costmary, or Alecost, our Lady's thistles, Centaury the less, Germander, Chamepiyts, Sullendine, Sampire, Fox gloves, Ashtree leaves, Bay leaves, Toad-flax, Hops, horehound, Water-cresses, Parsley, Poley mountain, Sage, Scordium, Senna, mother of Time, Soldanella, Asarabacca, Fennel, Hyssop, Spicknard. Heat the Bowels. Chamomel, Alehoofe, alexander's. Heat the spleen. All the four sorts of Maidenhair, Agrimony smallage, Centaury the less, Cetrach, Germander, Chamepitys, Sampire, Fox-gloves, Epithimum, Ashtree, Bay leaves, Toad flax, Hops, horehound, Parsley, Poley mountain, sage, scordium, senna mother of Time, Tomaris, Wormwood, Water-cresles, Harts-tongue. Heat the Reins and Bladder. Agrimony, Maudlin, Marshmallows, Pimpernel male and female, Brooklime, Costmary, Betony, Chervil, Germander, Chamomel, sampire, Broom, Rupture-wort; Clary, 〈◊〉, Bay leaves, Toad-flax, Hops, Melilot, Water-cresses, Origanum, Penyroyal; scordium, Vervain; mother of Time; Rocket, Spicknard, Saxifrage; Nettles. Heat the Womb. Maudlin Angellica; Mugwort, Costmary, Calaminth, Fleabanc, May 〈◊〉 or Marg-weed, Dittany of Crect, Schenanth; Archangel or dead Nettles, Melilot; Feather-few; Mints; Devilsbit, Origanum; Bazil; Penyroyal; Savin; Sage; Scordium; Tansy: Time: Vervain, Peruinkles: Nettles. Heat the Joints. Cowslips: sciatica-cresses, hot Arsmart: Garden cresses: Costmary, Agrimony, Chamomel: Saiut Johns-wort, Melilot, Water-cresses, Rosemary, Rue, Sage, Stechas. Herbs cooling the Head. Wood sorrel, Teazles, Lettuce, Plantain, Willow-leaves, sengreen, or Housleek, strawberry leaves, Violet leaves, Fumitory, Water-lilies. Cool the Throat. Orpine, strawberry leaves, Privet, Bramble leaves. Breast. Mulberry leaves Bramble leaves, Violet leaves, strawberry leaves, sorrel, Wood-sorrel, Poppies, Orpine, Money-wort, Plantain, Colts-foot. Heart Sorrel, Wood sorrel, Vipers, Bugloss, Lettuce, Burnet, Violet leaves, strawberry leaves- Water-Lilles. Stamach Sorrel, Wood-sorrel, succory, Orpine, Dandelion, Endive, strawberry leaves Violet leaves, Hawkweed, Lettuce, Purslain, sow thistles, Violet leaves. Liver Sorrel, Wood-sorrel, Dandelion, Endive, succory, strawberry leaves, Fumitory, Liver-wort, Lettuce, Purslain, Nightshade, Water-lilies. Bowels Fumitoty, Mallows, Buckhorn-Plantane, Orpine Plantain, Burnet. Spleen Fumitory, Endive, succory, Lettuce. Reins and Bladder Knotgrass, Mallows, Yarrow, Money-wort; Plantain, Endive, succory; Lettuce, Purslain, Water-lillies, Housleek, or sengreen. The Womb Wild Tansy, Arach, burdock's, Willow herb, Myrtle Leaves, Money-wort, Purslain, sow thistles, Endive, succory, Lettuce, Water-lilies, sengreen. The Joints Willow leaves, Vine leaves, Lettuce, Henbane Nightshade, sengreen; or Housleek. Herbs altering according to property, in operation; some Bind; as; Amomus; Agnus Castus; sheaphards' purse; Cypress; Horstail; Ivy; Bay leaves; Melilot: Bawm; Myrtles; sorrel; Plantain; Knotgrass; Comfry; cinquefoil; Fleawort; Purslain; Oak leaves, Willow leaves; sengreen; or Housleek; etc. Open; as; Garlic; Onions; Wormwood; Mallows; Marsh-mallows; Pellitory of the wall; Endive; succory etc. Soften. Mallows; Marshmallows; Beets; Pellitory of the wall; Violet leaves; strawberry leaves; Arach: Cypress leaves: Bay leaves: Felawort: etc. Harden Purslain, Nightshade: Housleek, or sengreen: Duckmeat: and most other Herbs that are very cold. Extenuate Mugwort: Chamomel: Hyssop. Penyroyal: Stoechas: Time: Mother of Time: Juniper etc. Discuss Southernwood, male and female, all the four sorts of Maidenhair: Marshmallows: Dill: Mallows: Arrach: Beets: Chamomel: Mints: Melilot: Pellitory of the Wal: Chickweed: Rue: stoechas: Margerum. Draw Pimpernel: Birthwort: Dittany: Leeks: Onions: Garlick: and also take this general Rule, as all cold things bind and harden, as is apparent by the frost binding and hardening water and mire; so all things very hot are drawing, as is clear by the Sun who is the Original of heat, drawing up the dew. Suppure Mallaws, Marsh-mallows, white Lily leaves etc. Cleanse Pimpernel: southernwood: sparagus: Cetrach: Arrach: Wormwood: Beets: Pellitory of the wall: Chamepitys: Doddar: Liverwort: Horehound: Willow leaves etc. Glutinate Marshmallows: Pimpernel: Centaury: Chamepitys: Mallows: Germander: Horstail: Agrimony: Maudlin: strawberry leaves: Woad: Chervil: Plantain: Cinkfoyl: Comfry: Bugle: selfheal: Woundwort: Tormentill: Rupture-wort: Knotgrass: Tobacco Expel wind Wormwood; Garlic; Dill; Smallage; Chamomel; Epithimum; Fennel; Juniper, Margerum; Origanum; Savory, both winter and summer; and that, I am of opinion, was the reason in ancient times, women always boiled Savory with their beans and pease, viz. to expel the windiness of them; it was a good fashion, and therefore I would not have it left: however this shows that in ancient times, people were more studious in the nature of Simples, or at the least Physicians were more honest, I mean more free in imparting their knowledge for the benefit of the vulgar; at last Honesty began to leave the Earth, and then Ignorance quickly stepping up in the place of Knowledge, people used them a while for custom sake, at last they were esteemed superstitious, and quite left off. I care not greatly, now I am at it, if I quote one more of like nature (I am confident, were it my present scope, I could quote an hundred) and that is Tansy. tansy is excellent good to cleanse the stomach and bowels of tough viscous phlegm, and humours that stick to them, which the phlegmatic constitution of the Winter usually infects the body of man with, and occasions gouts and other diseases of like nature, and lasting long; this was the original of that custom to eat Tansies in the Spring, which afterwards grew to be superstitious, and apropriated only to some certain days, as Palm-sundays &c. and so at last the evils of observing days being known, and the virtues of the meat absconded, it is quite almost left off. For my part, if any think it superstitious to eat a tansy in the Spring, I shall not burden their consciences, they may make the Herb into a Conserve with Sugar, or boil it in Wine and drink the Decoction, or make the Juice into a Syrup with Sugar, which they will. But to proceed. Herbs breed seed Clary, Rocket, and most Herbs that are hot and moist, and breed Wind. Provokes the Terms Southernwood, Garlick, all the sorts of Maidenhair, Mugwort, Wormwood, Bishopsweed, Cabbages, Bettony, Centaury, Chamomel, Calaminth, Germander, Dodder, Dittany, Fennel, St. Johns-wort, Marjoram, Horehound, Bawm, Water-cresses, Origanum, Basil, Penyroyal, Poley-mountain, Parsley, smallage, Rue, Rosemary, Sage, Savin, Hartwort, Time, Mother of Time, Scordium, Nettles. Stop the Terms Shepheards-purse, strawberries, Myrtles, Water-lilies, Plantain, Housleek or sengreen, Comfry, Knotgrass. Resist Poison Southernwood; Wormwood; Garlic; all sorts of Maidenhair; smallage; Betony; Carduus Benedictus; Germander; Calaminth; alexander's; Carline thistle; Agrimony; Fennel, Juniper; Horehound; Origanum; Penyroyal; Poley-mountain; Rue; scordium; Plantain. Discuss swellings Maidenhair, Cleavers or Goosgrass, Mallows, Marshmallows, Docks, Bawm, Water-cresses, cinquefoil, scordium etc. Ease pain Dil, Wormwood, Arrach, Chamomel, Calaminth, Chamepitys, Henbane, Hops, Hogs Fennel, Parsly, Rosemary, Rue, Margerum, Mother of Time. Herbs Purging Choler Groundsel, Hops, Peach Leaves, Wormwood, Centaury, Mallows, senns. Melancholy Ox-eye, Epithimum, Futhitory, senna, Dodder. Phlegm and Water Briony, white and black: spurge: both work most violently and are not therefore fit for a vulgar use: Dwarf Elder: Hedge Hyssop: Laurel Leaves: Mercury Mezereon also purgeth violently, and so doth 〈◊〉: Elder Leaves senna. For the particular operations of these, as also how to order the body after purges, the quantity to be taken at a time, you have been in part instructed already, and shall be more fully hereafter. The FLOWERS which the College acquaints you with the Latin names of, only, are these. College] W Ormwood, Agnus Castus: Amaranthus: Dill Rosemary, Columbines: Oranges: Balaustins: or Pomegranate flowers: Betony: borage: Bugloss, Marigolds: Woodbine: or Honey suckles: Clove gillyflowers: Centaury the less: 〈◊〉: winter-gilliflowers: or Walflowers: succory: Comfry the greater: saffron: Blewbottle great and small: (Cynosbatus, Tragus, and Dedonaeus hold our white thorn to be it: Cordus and Marcellus think it to be Briars: and Lugdunensis takes for the sweet Briar: but what our College takes it for: I know not) Cytinus: (Dioscorides calleth the Flowers of the Manured Pomegranates: Cytinus: but Pliny calleth the Flowers of the wild kind by that name:) Fox gloves: Vipers Bugloss: Rocket, Eye-bright: Beans: Fumitory: Broom: Cowslips: St. Johns-wort: Hyssop: Jasmine: or shrub Trefoyl, Archangel: or dead Nettles white and red: Lavender, Walflowers: or Winter-gilliflowers: Privet: Lilies: white: and of the valley: Hops: Common and tree Mallows: Featherfew: Woodbine: or Honeysuckles: Melilot: Bawm, Walnuts: Water-lilies: white and yellow: Origanum: Poppies: white: and red: or erratic: Poppies, or corn Roses: so called because they grow amongst Corn, Peony, Honey-suckles: or Woodbine: Peach-flowers: Prim-roses, selfheal: sloebush: Rosemary flowers: Roses: white, Damask: and red, sage: E lder: white saxifrage: scabious, siligo (I think they mean wheat by it: Authors are not agreed about it:) stoechas: Tamaris: Tansy: Mullen, or Higtaper: Linetree: Clovegilliflowers, Colts-foot, Violets: Agnus: Castus: dead-Nettles white and red. That these may be a little explained for the Public good: be pleased to take notice that of these: Some are hot in the first degree: as: borage: Bugloss: Betony: Ox-eye: Melilot Chamomel: stoechas. Hot in the second degree. Amomus: saffron: Clovegilliflowers, Rocket: Bawm, spicknard, Hops: schenanth: Lavender: Jasmine, Rosemary. In the third degree. Agnus: Castus: Epithimum: Winter-gilli-flowers: or Walflowers: Woodbine: or Honey-suckles. Cold in the first degree. Mallows: Roses: red: white: and Damask: Violets. In the second. 〈◊〉: or wind-flower: Endive: succory: Water-lilies: both white and yellow. In the third. Balaustins: or Pomegranate flowers. In the Fourth. Henbane-and all the sorts of Poppies: only whereas Authors say: field Poppies: which some call red: others: erratic: and corn Roses, are the coldest of all the others: yet my opinion is: that they are not cold in the fourth degree. Moist in the first degree. Borrage: Bugloss: Mallows: succory, Endive. In the second. Water-lilies: Violets. Dry in the first degree. Ox-eye: saffron: Chamomel: Melilot: Roses. In the second. Wind-flower: Amomus: Clovegilliflowers, Rocket: Lavender: Hops: Peony: Rosemary: spicknard. In the third. Woodbine, or Honey-suckles: Balaustines: Epithimum: Germander: Chamepitys. The Temperature of any other flowers not here mentioned are of the same temperature with the herbs; you may gain skill by searching there for them, you can lose none. For parts of the Body they are apropriated to, some heat The Head, as Rosemary flowers; selt-heal; Chamomel; Betony; Cowslips; Lavinder; Melilot; Peony; sage; stoechas. The Breast Betony: Bawm: seabious: schaenanth. The Heart Bawm: Rosemary-flowers: borage: Bugloss: saffron: spicknard. The Stomach Rosemary-flowers: spicknard: schaenanth. The Liver Centaury: schaenanth: Elder: Betony: Chamomel: spicknard. The Spleen Betony: Walflowers. The Reins and Bladder Betony: Marshmallows: Melilot: schaenanth: spicknard. The Womb Betony: squinanth or schaenanth: sage: Orris or Flower-de-luce. The Joints Rosemary-flowers: Cowslips: Chamomel: Melilot. Flowers as they are cooling, so they cool The head Violets, Roses, the three sorts of Poppies, and Water-lilies. The breast and heart. Violets, red-Roses, Water-lillies. The stomach. Red-Roses, Violets. The Liver and spleen. Endive, and Succory. Violets, Botrage, and Bugloss moisten the heart, Rosemary flowers, Bawm, and Betony, dry it. According to property so they, Bind, Balaustins, Saffron, succory, Endive, red-Roses Melilot, Bawm, Clovegilliflowers, Agnus Castus. Discuss. Dill, Chamomel; Marshmallows, Mallows, Melilot, stoechas, etc. Cleanse. Damask-roses, Elder flowers, Bean-flowers, etc. Extenuate. Orris: or Fowerdeluce: Chamomel: Melilot:, stoechas: etc. Mollify. Saffron: white Lilies: Mallows: Marshmallows: etc. Suppure. Saffron: white Lilies etc. Glutinate: Balaustins, Centaury, etc. Provoke the terms. Betony: Centaury: Chamomel: Schoenanth, Walflowers, Bawm: Peony: Rosemary, Sage. Stop the terms. Balaustins', or Pomegranate flowers, Water-lilies. Expel wind. Dill: Chamomel: Schoenanth: Spicknard. Helpe burnings. White Lilies, Mallows, Marhmallows. Resist poison. Betony: Centaury. Ease pain. Dill Chamomel. Centaury: Melilot: Rosemary. Flowers purge Choler. Peach flowers, Damask Roses, Violets. Phlegm. Broom flowers, Elder flowers. If you compare but the qualities of the Flowers, with the Herbs, and with the Explanation of these terms at the latter End, you may easily find the temperature, and property of the rest. As for the virtues of the flowers, there were but few quoted before, and those very briefly; I think the reason was, because the Printer was afraid the book would be too big: I shall therefore give a supply here, to what was wanting there, and where I was too brief there, I shall be more large here. The Flowers of Ox-eye, being boiled into a pultis, with a little barley meal, take away swellings, and hardness of the flesh, being applied warm to the place. Chamomel flowers heat, discuss, Loosen, and rarify, boiled in Clysters, they are excellent in the wind colic, boiled in Wine, and the decoction drunk, purgeth the reins, breaks the stone, opens the pores, casts out choleric humours, succours the heart, and easeth pains and aches, or stiffness coming by travailing. The flowers of Rocket used outwardly, discuss, swellings, and dissolve hard tumours, you may boil them into a pultis, or Cataplasm, as Scholars call it, But inwardly taken, they send but unwholesome vapours up to the head. Hops open obstruction of the bowels, Liver, and spleen, they cleanse the body of Choler and phlegm, provoke urine. I wonder in my heart how that apish fashion of drinking Beer and Ale together for the stone, came up, and others affirm that the disease of the stone, was not in rerum naturam, before Beer was invented, a gross untruth: for Physicians have written of the stone, that lived a thousand years before Beer was invented. I deny not but staleness of Beer, may cause sharpness of urine, otherwise Beer, if mild, is ten times better drink for such as are troubled with the stone, than Ale, as being more opening. Jasmine flowers boiled in Oil, and the grieved place bathed with it, taketh away cramps, and stiches in the sides: The plant is only preserved here in the gardens of some few, and because hard to come by, I pass it; If you desire more virtues of it, be pleased to search it in Dodonoeus. The flowers of Woodbine, or Honey-suckles, being dried, and beaten into powder, and a drachm, taken in white Wine in the morning, helps the rickets, difficulty of breathing, provoke urine, and help such as cannot make water: I would have none make a common practice of taking it, for it cleanseth the uritery vessels, so potently that it may cause pissing of blood. The flowers of Mallows, being bruised, and boiled in honey (two ounces of the flowers is sufficient for a pound of honey, and having first clarified the honey, before you put them in) then strained out, this honey taken with a Liquoris stick, is an eccellent remedy both for Coughs, Astmaes, and cansumptions of the Lungs. Certain FRUITS, mentioned by the College, in this Order. College] WInter Cherries, Love-Apples, Almonds, sweet and bitter, Anacardia, Oranges, Hazel Nuts, the oily Nut Ben, Barberries, Capers, Gumny Pepper, Figs, Carpobalsamum, Cloves, Cassia Fistula, Chestnuts, Cherries, black and red, Cicers, white black and red, Pome Citrons, Coculus Indi. 〈◊〉, Currants, Cornels, or Cornelian Cherries, Cubebs, Cucumbers, garden and wild, Guords, * See the flowers. Cynobatus, Cypress Cones, Quinces, Dates, Dwarf Elder, Green Figs, Strawberries, common and Turkey Galls, Acorns, Acorn cups, Pomegranates, Goosberries, Ivy, Herb True-love, Walnuts, Jujubes, Juniper berries, Bay-berries, Lemons, Oranges, Citrons, Quinces, Pomegranates, Lemons, Mandrakes, Peaches, Stramontum, Apples garden and wild, or Crabs and Apples, Musk Melones, Medlars, or open Arses, Mulberries, Myrobalans, Bellericks, Chebs, Emblicks, Citron and Indian, Myrtle berries, Water Nuts, Hazel Nuts, Chest-nuts, Cypress Nuts, Walnuts; Nutmegs, Fistick Nuts, Vomiting-Nuts, Olives pickled in brine, Heads of white and black Poppies, Pompions, Peaches, French or Kidney Beans, Pine Cones, white black and long Pepper, Fistick Nuts, Apples, and Crabs, Prunes French and Damask, Sloes, Pears, English Currants, Berries of purging Thorn, Blackberries, Raspberries; Elder-berries, Sebestens, Services or Checkers, Hawthorn Berries, Pinenuts, Water nuts, Grapes, Goosberries, Raisins, Currants. Culpeper] That you may reap benefit by these, be pleased to consider, that they are, some of them Temperate in respect of heat Raisins of the Sun, Currants, Figs, Pinenuts, Dates, Sebestens. Hot in the first degree Sweet Almonds, Jujubes, Cypress nuts, green Hazel Nuts, green Walnuts. Hot in the second degree The 〈◊〉 Ben, Capers, 〈◊〉, dry Walnuts, dry Hazel Nuts, Fistick nuts. In the third degree Juniper Berries, Cloves, Carpobalsamum, Cubebs, Anacardium, bitter Almonds. In the fourth degree Pepper, white black and long, Guinny Pepper. Cold in the first degree The flesh of Citrons, Quinces, Pears, Prunes, etc. In the second Guords, Cucumbers, Melons, (or, as they are called in London, Musk Melones, I suppose for the sweetness of their smell) Pompions, Oranges, Lemons, Citrons, Pomegranates, viz. the Juice of them, Peaches, Prunes, Galls, Apples. In the third Mandrakes. In the fourth Stramonium. Moist in the first degree The flesh of Citrons, Lemons, Oranges, viz. the inner rind which is white, for the outer rind is hot. In the second Guords, Melones, Peaches, Prunes etc. Dry in the first degree Juniper berries. In the second The Nut Ben, Capers, Pears, Fistick nuts, Pine-nuts, Quinces, Nutmegs, Bay-berries. In the third Cloves, Galls, etc. In the fourth All the sorts of Pepper. As apropriated to the body of man, so they heat the Head, as Anacardia, Cubebs, Nutmegs. The Breast Bitter Almonds, Dates, Cubebs, Hazel Nuts, Pine-nuts, Figs, Raisins of the Sun Jujubes. The Heart Walnuts; Nutmegs; Juniper Berries. The Stomach Sweet Almonds; Cloves; Ben; Juniper berries; Nulmegs; Pinenuts Olives. The Spleen Capers. The Reins and Bladder Bitter Almonds; Juniper Berries; Cubebs; Pine-nuts; Raisins of the Sun. The Womb Walnuts; Nutmegs; Bay-berries; Juniper berries. Cool the Breast Sebestens; Prunes; Oranges; Lemmons. The Heart Oranges; Lemons; Citrons; Pomegranates; Quinces; Pears. The Stomach Quinces; 〈◊〉; Cucumbers; Guords; Musk Melones; Pompions; Cherries; Gooseberries; Cornelian Cherries; Lemons; Apples; Medlars; Oranges; Pears; English Currants; Cervices or Checkers. The Liver Those that cool the stomach, and Barberries. The Reins and Womb Those that cool the stomach, and Strawberries. By their several Operations; some Bind, as The berries of Myrtles; Barbérriés, Chestnuts, Cornels or Cornelian Cherries; Quinces; Galls; Acorns; Acorn-cups; Medlars; Checkers, or Services; Pomegranates; Nutmegs; Olives; Pears; Peaches. Discuss Capers; all the sorts of Pepper. Extenuate Sweet and bitter Almonds; Bay-berries; Jnniperberries. Glutinate Acorns; Acorn cups; Dates; Raisins of the Sun; Currants. Expel Wind Bayberries, Juniper berries, Nutmegs, all the sorts of Pepper. Breed seed Raisins of the Sun, sweet Almonds, Pinenuts, Figs etc. Provoke Urine Winter-cherries. Provokes the Terms Ivy Berries, Capers etc. Stop the Terms Barberries etc. Resist poison Bay berries, Juniper berries, Walnuts, Citrons, commonly called Pomecitrons, all the sorts of Pepper. Ease pain Bay berries, Juniper berries, Ivy berries, Figs, Walnuis, Raisens', 〈◊〉, all the sorts of Pepper. Fruits Purging Choler Cassia Fistula: Citron Myrobalans: Prunes: Tamarinds: Raisins. Melancholy Indian Myrobalans. Phlegm Colocynthis and wild Cucumbers purge it violently, and therefore are not rashly to be meddled withal; I desire my book should be beneficial, not hurtful to the vulgar; but Myrobalans of all sorts, especially Chebs, Bellericks, and Emblicks purge phlegm very gently, and without danger. Of all these, besides what hath been formerly mentioned in this Book (to which I refer you) give me leave to commend only one to you, as of special concernment, which is Juniper berries; They may be found all the Winter long plentifully growing on Warley Common in Essex near Brent-wood, about fifteen miles from London. Tragus saith, the Virtues of Juniper berries are so many, that they cannot be numbered; amangst which these are some: The Berries eaten (for they are pleasant in taste) are exceeding good against the biting of Adders, they resist poison, pestilence, or any infectious disease, help the strangury, and dropsy. Mathiolus affirms that a lie made with the ashes of Juniper and water, is as great a provoker of Urine as can be; The Berries expel wind exceedingly, heat the stomach, help the digestion, provoke the Terms, the Germans make an universal medicine of them; they help the cough, shortness of breath, weakness of the lungs, convulsions, cramps, they give easy delivery to women with child; five or six berries taken every morning preserves the body in health, helps the colic and stone, rawness of the stomach, faintings, and heart-qualms, Madness and frenzies, they 〈◊〉 then the eyes and help rheums there, the yellow jaundice, falling sickness, gout, and palsy. Take those berries that are ripe, which look black. SEEDS barely mentioned by the College are, of College] SOrrel: Agnus Castus: Marshmallows: Bishops weed true and common: Amomus: Dill: Angellica: Annis: Rose-seeds: Smallage: Columbines: Asparagus: Arach: Oates: Oranges: burdock's: Bazil: Barberries: Cotton: 〈◊〉: or Kneebolly: Hemp: Cardamons greater and lesser: Carduus Benedictus: our Lady's thistles: Bastard Saffron: Caraway: Spurge greater and lesser: Coleworts: Onions: the Kernels of Cherry stones: Chervil: Succory: Hemlock, Citrons: Citruls: Garden Scurvygrass: Colocynthis, Coriander: Sampire: Cucumbers garden and wild: Guords: Quinces: Cummin: Cynosbatos: Date-stones: Carrots English and Cretish: DwarffeElder: Endive: Rocket: bedg Mustard: Orobus: Beans: Fennel: Fenugreek: Ashtree keys: Fumitory: Broom, Grains of Paradise: Pomegranates, wild Rue: alexander's: Barley: white Henbane: Saint Johns-wort: Hyssop: Lettuce. Sharp-pointed-Dock: Spurge: Laurel: Lentils: 〈◊〉: Lemons: Ash tree keys: Linseed: or Flaxseed: Gromwel: Darnel: sweet trefoil: Lupins, Master-wort: Margerum: Mallows: 〈◊〉: Melones: Medlars, 〈◊〉: Gromwel: sweet Navew: Nigella: the Kernils of Cherries: Apricocks: and Peaches, Bazil: Orobus: Rice: 〈◊〉 Poppies white and black: Parsneps Garden and wild: through Wax: Parsly: English and 〈◊〉: Burnet: Pease: Plantain: Peony: Leeks: Purslain: Fleawort: Turnips: Radishes: Sumach: Spurge: Roses: Rue garden and wild: Wormseed: Saxifrage: Succory: sesami, Hart-wort: common and Cretish, Mustardseed: alexander's: Nightshade: stavesager: Sumach: Treacle: Mustard, sweet Tresoyl: Wheat: both the fine flower and the brann: and that which * I think the College have almost as much skill in making starch as I have. Starch is made of: Vetches or Tares: Violets: Nettles common and Roman: The stones of Grapes: Greek wheat: or spelt Wheat. Culpeper] That you may receive a little more benefit by these, than the bare reading of them, which doth at the most but tell you what they are; the following Method may instruct you what they are good for. Seeds are hot in the first degree. Linseed, Foenugreek, Coriander, Rice, Gromwel, Lupins. In the second. Dill, Smallage, Orobus, Rochet, Bazil, Nettles. In the third. Bishop's weed, Annis, Amomus, Caraway, Fennel, (and so I believe is Smallage too, let Aurhors say what they will, for if the herb of Smallage be somewhat hotter than Parsley, I know little reason why the seed should not be so hot) Cardamons, Parsly, Cummin, Carrots, Nigella, Navew, Hart-wort, Stavesager. In the fourth. 〈◊〉, Mustardseed. Cold in the first degree. Barley, etc. In the second. Endive, Lettuce, Purslain, Succory, Guords, 〈◊〉, Melones, Citruls, Pompions, Sorrel, Nightshade. In the third. Henbame, Hemlock, Poppies white and black. Moist in the first degree. Mallows, etc. Dry in in the first degree. Beans, Fennel, Fenugreek, Barley, Wheat, etc. In the second. Orobus, Lentils, Rice, Poppies, Nightshade, and the like. In the third. Dill Smallages Bishops-weed, Annis, Caraway, Cummin, Coriander, Nigella, Gromwel, Parsly. Apropriated to the body of Man, and so they Heat the head. Fennel, Margerum, Peony, etc. The Breast. Nettles. The heart. Bazil, Rue, etc. Mustard seed, etc. The stomach. Annis, Bishops-weed, Amomus, Smallage, Cummin, Cardamons, Cubebs, grains of Paradise. The Liver. Annis, Fennel, Bishops-weed, Amomus, Smallage, Asparagus, Cummin, Caraway, Carrots. The spleen. Annis, Caraway, Water-cresses. The Reins and Bladder. Cicers: Rocket: Saxifrage: Nettles: Gromwel. The Womb. Peony: Rue. The Joints. Water-crafses: Rue: Mustardseed. Cool the Head. Lettuce: Purslain: white Poppies. The Breast, White Poppies: Violets. The Heart. Orange: Lemon: Citron: and Sorrel seeds. Last: the four greater and four lesser cold seeds, which you may find in the beginning of the Compositions, as also the seeds of white and black Poppies, cool the Liver and spleen, reins, and bladder, womb: and Joints. According to operation some Seeds, Bind, as Rose seeds, Barborries, Sheaphards' purse, Purslain, etc. Discuss. Dill, Carrots, Linseeds, Fenugreek, Nigella, etc. Cleanse. Beans, Orobus, Barley, Lupins, Nettles, etc. Mollify. Linseed, or Flax seed, Fenugreek seed, Mallows, Nigella. Harden. Purslain seed, etc. Suppure. Linseed, Fenugreek seed, Darnel, Barley husked, commonly called french Batly. Glutinate. Orobus, Lupins, Darnel, etc. Expel wind. Annis, Dill, Smallage, Caraway, Cummin, Carrots, Fennel, Nigella, Parsly, Hartwort, Wormseed. Breed seed. Rocket, Beans, Cicers, Ashtree keys. Provoke the terms. Amomus, Sparagus, Annis, Fennel, Bishops-weed, Cicers, Carrots, Smallage, Parsley, Lovage, Hartwort. Break the stone. Mallows, Marshmallows, Gromwel, etc. Stop the terms. Rose seeds, Cummin, Burdock, etc. Resist poison. Bishops-weed, Annis, Smallage, Cardamons, Oranges, Lemons, Citrons, Fennel, etc. Ease pain. Dill, Amomus, Cardamons, Cummin, Carrots, Orobus, Fenugreek, Linseed, Gromwel, Parsly, Panic. Assuage swellings. Linseed, Fenugreek seeds, Marshmallows, Mallows, Coriander, Barley, Lupins, Darnel, etc. Then the College tell you a tale that there are such things in rerum Natura, as these Gums, Rozins, Balsams, and Juices made thick, viz. College] Juices of Wormwood and Maudsin, Acacia: Aloes: Lees of Oil: Assa foetida: Balsam of Peru: and India: Bdellium Benzoin: Camphirt: Caranna: Colophonia: Juice of Maudlin: Euphorbium: Lees of Wine, Lees of Oil: Gums of Galbanum: Ammoniacum: Anime: Arabic: cherry trees: Coopal, Elemi: Juniper: Ivy: Plum-trees: Cambnge: Hypocystis: Labdanum: Lacca: liquid-Amber: 〈◊〉: Mastich: Myrrh: Olibanum: Opium: Opopanax: Picebitumen: Pitch of the Cedar: of Greece: Liquid and dry, Rozin of sir tree, Larch tree, Pine tree: Pine-fruit: Mastic Venice and Cypress Turpentine: Sugar: white, red, and Crystalline, or sugar-Candy white and red, Sagapen. Juniper, Gum, sanguis draconis: sarcocolla: scamony, styrax: liquid and Calamitis: Tacha Mahacca: Tartar, Frankincense: Olibanum: 〈◊〉: 〈◊〉. Who would have thought our College of Physitlans were turned Bird-catchers. Culpeper.] That my Country may receive more benefit than ever the College of Physicians intended them from these, I shall treat of them severally. 1. Of the Juices. 2. Of the Gums and Rosins Concrete Juices, or Juices made thick are either Temperate, as Juice of Liquoris, white starch. Hot in the first degree Sugar In the second Labdanum. In the the third Benzoin, Assafoetida. Cold in the first degree Sanguis Draconis, Acacia. In the third Hypocistis In the fourth Opium, and yet some Authors think Opium is hot because of its bitter taste Aloes and Manna purge Choler gently; and Scamony doth purge choler so violently, that it is no ways fit for a vulgar man's use, for it corrhodes the Bowels. Opopanax purgeth phlegm very gently. Considering I was very brief in the handling the Virtues of these in my former part, I shall supply here what was wanting there. White starch gently levigates or makes smooth such parts as are rough, Syrup of Violets being made thick with it and so taken on the point of a knife, helps coughs, roughness of the throat, wheezing, excoriations of the bowels, that same very disease which so lately puzzled the Learned Rabbis of our times, the Bloodyflux, or the plague in the guts (as their Worships learnedly called it) I cut my finger the other day, and then had I got the plague in my finger by the same rule. Juice of Liquoris helps roughness of the 〈◊〉 Arteria, which is in plain English called the Windpipe, the toughness of which causeth coughs and hoarceness, difficulty of breathing etc. It alleys the heat of the stomach and Liver, caleth pains, soreness and roughness of the reins and bladder, it quencheth thirst, and strengthens the stomach exceedingly: It may easily be carried about in one's pocket, and eat a little now and then. Sugar cleanseth and digesteth, takes away roughness of the tongue, it strengtheneth the reins anti bladder being weakened; being beaten into fine powder and put into the eyes, it takes away films that grow over the sight. Labdanum is in operation, thickening, heating and mollifying, it opens the passage of the veins, and keeps the hair from falling off, the use of it is 〈◊〉 external; being mixed with Wine, Myrrh, and Oil of Myrtles, and applied like a plaistet, it takes away filthy scars, and the deformity the small pocks leave behind them; being mixed with Oil of Roses, and dropped into the ears, it helps pains there; being used as a pessary, it provokes the terms, and helps hardness or stiffness of the womb: It is sometimes used inwardly in such medicines as ease pains and help the cough; if you mix a little of it with old white Wine and drink it, it both provokes urine, and stops looseness or fluxes. Dragon's blood, cools, binds and repels Acacia and Hyposistis do the like. The juce of Maudlin; (or for want of it Costmary, which is the same in effect, and better known to the vulgar, some Countries call it Alecost) the juice is made thick for the better keeping of it; first clarify the juice very well, before you boil it to its due thickness, which is something thicker than Honey. It is apropriated to the Liver; and the quantity of adrachm taken every morning, helps the 〈◊〉, or evil disposition of the body proceeding from coldness of the Liver; it helps the rickets, and worms in children, provokes urine, and gently (without purging) disburdens the body of choler and 〈◊〉; it succours the lungs, opens obstructions and resists purifaction of blood. The rest which are 〈◊〉 and easy to be had may be found in what goes before; such as are hard to come by I pass by, as considering it would do the Reader little good to tell him a long tale of what things are in the East Indies or Arabla. Gums are either temperate, as Lacca, Elemi, Tragatanth etc. Intemperate, and so are hot in the first degree, as Bdellium, Gum of 〈◊〉 In the second 〈◊〉, Myrrh, 〈◊〉, Frankincense, Olibanum, Pitch, 〈◊〉, 〈◊〉, In the third Ammoniacum. In the 〈◊〉 Euphotbium. Gum Arabic is cold. Colophonia and Styrax soften. Gum Arabic and Tragacanth, Sandarack or Juniper Gum, and 〈◊〉 bind. Gum of Cherry trees, breaks the stone. Styrax provokes the terms. Opopanax gently purgeth phlegm. Because I was brief in the virtues of these before, I shall supply here what was wanting there. From the prickly Cedar when it is burned comes forth that which with us, is usually known by the name of Tar, and is excellent good for unction eithor, for scabs, itch, or manginess, either in men or 〈◊〉; as also against the leprosy, Tetters, Ringworms, and Scaldheads. All sorts of Rozins fill up hollow ulcers, and relieves the body o'er, pressed with cold griefs. The Rozin of pitch tree, is that which is commonly called Burgony-pitch, and is something hotter and sharper than the former, being spread upon a cloth is excellent good against old aches coming of former bruises or dislocations. Pitch mollifies hard Swellings, and brings boils and sores to suppurstion, it breaks carbuncles, disperseth Aposthumes, cleanseth ulcers of corruption and filleth them with flesh. 〈◊〉 heats and mollifies, and that very temperately, being mixed with any convenient Ointment or Plaster, it helps kernels in the neck and throat, Scrophula, or that disease which was wont to be called the King's evil, because people dreamed waking that the Kings of England could cure it by touching, which to me is as credible as the History of 〈◊〉 and the Dragon. Inwardly taken in any convenient Medicine, it prevokes urine and the terms, and breaks the stone; it helps coughs and the bitings of venomous beasts, it helps windiness of the Spleen, and 〈◊〉 the sides thence coming; both outwardly applied to the place & inwardly taken, it helps ruptures or such as are burst, it softens the hardness of the womb, dties up the moisture thereof, and expels the dead child. 〈◊〉 Judaicum is a certain dry pitch which the dead Sea, or Lake of Sadom in 〈◊〉 cast forth at certain times, the Inhabitants there about, pith their Ships with it. It is of excellent use to mollify the hardness of swellings and discuss them, as also against Inflammations; the smoke of it burned is excellent good for the fits of the mother, and the falling-sickness; Inwardly taken in Wine it provokes the terms, helps the bitings of venomous beasts, and dissolves congealed blood in the body. Ambergreese is hot and dry in the second degree; I will not dispute the case whether it be a Gum or not: It strengthens nature much which way soever it be taken; there are but few grains usually given of it at a time, I suppose rather for fear it should be too heavy for the purse than too hot for the body; mixed with a little Ointment of Orange flowers, and the temples and forehead anointed with it, it easeth the pains of the head and strengtheneth the brain exceedingly; the same applied to the privities helps the fits of the mother, inwardly taken it strengthens the brain and memory, the heart and vital Spirit, warms cold stomaches, and is an exceeding: strengthener of nature to old people; adding vigour to decayed and worn-out spirits, it provokes lust, and 〈◊〉 barren women fruitful, if coldness and 〈◊〉 or weakness be the cause impediting. 〈◊〉 being smelled to, is 〈◊〉 known to repress the fits of the mother; a little 〈◊〉 into an aching tooth, presently easeth the pains; ten grains of it taken before dinner walking half an hour after it, provokes appetire, helps digestion, strengthens the stomach, and takes away loathing of meat, it provokes lust exceedingly, and expels wind as much. Borrax, or Borrace as some call it, besides its virtues it hath to sodder Gold, Silver, and Copper etc. Inwardly given in small quantities, it stops fluxes, and the running of the reins; being in fine powder, and put into green wounds it cures them at ounce dressing. Cambuge, which out of many names, which every Country bestows upon it, the College are pleased to call Gutta Gamba: Authors are extremely different, both about its being, what is is, whether a juice or not; If a juice, of what, and about its operation, whether it work violently or not: for my part I care not for meddling with an unknown medicine myself, neither would I advise my Country men. Caranna outwardly applied, is excellent for aches, and swellings in the nerves and joints; If you lay it behind the ears, it draws back humours from the eyes, applied to the temples as they usually do Mastic, it helps the toothache. Gum Elemi Authors apropriate to fractures in the skull and head. See Arceus his Lineament. Gum Lacca being well purified, and the quantity of half a drachm taken in any convenient liquor, strengthens the stomach and liver, opens obstructions, helps the yellow jaundice and dropsy, provokes urine, breaks the stone in the reins and bladder. Liquid Amber is not much unlike liquid Styrax; by unction it warms and comforts a cold and moist brain, it easeth all griefs coming of a cold cause; it mightily comforteth and strengtheneth a weak stomach, being anointed with it, and helps digestion exceedingly, it dissolves swellings. It is hot in the third degree, and moist in the first. I think it would do the Commonwealth no harm, if I should speak a word or two of Manna here, although it be no Gum; I confess Authors make some flutter about it, what it is, some holding it to be the juice of a tree; I am confident it is the very same condensated that our honey-dews here are, only the Countries whence it comes being far hotter it fulls in greater abundance: Let him that desires reasons for it, be pleased but to read Butler his book of Bees, a most excellent experimental work, where he shall find reason enough to satisfy any reasonable man. Choose the driest, and whitest, it is a very gentle purger of choler, quencheth thirst, provokes appetite, easeth the roughness of the throat, helps bitterness in the throat, and often proness to vomit; It is very good for such as are subject to be costive to put into their drinks in stead of Sugar, it hath no obnoxious quality at all in it, but may be taken by a woman with child, without any danger, a child of a year old may take an ounce of it at a time, dissolved in milk, it will melt like Sugar, neither will it be known from it by the taste. Myrrh is hot and dry in the second degree, excee ding dangerous for women with child; It is bitter, and yet all Authors hold it to be good for the roughness of the throat and windpipe; half a drachm of it taken at a time, helps rhewmatick distillations upon the Lungs, pains in the sides, it stops fluxes, provokes the terms, brings away both birth and afterbirth, softens the hardness of the womb: being taken two hours before the fit comes, it helps Agues, Malhiplus saith he seldom used any other medicine for the quartan ague, than a drachm of Myrrh given in Muskadel, an hour before the fit usually came; if you make it up into pills with Treacle, and take one of them every morning fasting; it is a sovereign preservative against the pestilence, against the poison of serpents and other venomous beasts, a singular remedy for a stinking breath, if it arise from putrefaction of the stomach, it fastens loose teeth, and stays the shedding off of the hair, outwardly used, it breeds flesh in deep wounds, and covers the naked bones with flesh. Olibanum is hot in the second degree, and dry in the first: you may take a drachm of it at a time, it stops looseness and the running of the reins, it strengthens the memory exceedingly, comforts the heart, expels sadness and melancholy, strengthens the heart, helps Coughs, Rheums, and pleurisies; your best way (in my opinion to take it, is to mix it with conserveses of Roses, and take it in the morning fasting.) Tachamacha, is seldom taken inwardly, outwardly spread upon leather, and applied to the navel, it stayeth the fits of the Mother, applied to the side, it mitigates speedily, and in little time quite takes away the pain and windiness of the spleen; the truth is whatsoever ache or swelling proceeds of wind or cold raw humours, I know no better Plaster coming from Beyond Sea then this Gum; it strengthens the brain and memory exceedingly, and stops all such defluxions thence, as trouble the eyes, ears or teeth, it helps the gout and Sciatica. Gum Coopal, and Gum Anime are very like one another, both in body and operation, the former is hard to come by, the last not very easy, it stops defluxions from the head, if you presume your Cap with the smoke of it, it helps the headache and Megrim, strengthens the brain, and therefore the Sinews. Gum Tragaganth, which the vulgar call Gum dragon, being mixed with pectoral Syrups (which you shall find noted in their proper places,) it helps coughs and hoarceness, salt and sharp distillations upon the Lungs, being taken with a liquoris stick, being dissolved in sweet Wine, it helps (being drunk) gnawings in the bowels, sharpness and fretting of the urine, which causeth excoriations either in the reins or bladder, being dissolved in milk and the eyes washed with it, it takes away wheals and scabs that grow on the eye lids, it is excellent good to be put in pultisses to sodder wounds, especially if the nerves or sinews be hurt. Sagapen. dìssolved in juice of Rue and taken, wonderfully breaks the stone in the bladder, expels the dead child and afterbirth, clears the sight, dissolved in Wine and drunk, it helps the cough, and distillations upon the Lungs, and the fits of the mother, outwardly in Oils or Ointments, it mightily helps such members as are out of joint or overstretched. Galbanum is of the same operation, and also taken from the same plant, viz. Fennel, Giant. Gum Arabic, thickneth and cooleth, and correcteth Choleric sharp humours in the body, being dissolved in the white of an Egg well beaten, it helps burnings, and keeps the place from blistering. Mastich stays fluxes, being taken inwardly any way: Three or four small grains of Mastic swallowed down whole at night going to bed, is an excellent remedy for pains in the stomach: Being beaten into powder, and mixed with conserveses of Roses, it strengthens the stomach, stops distillations upon the lungs, stays vomiting and causeth a sweet breath, being mixed with white Wine and the mouth washed with it, it cleanseth the gums of corruption, and fasteneth loose teeth. Frankincense being used outwardly in the way of a Plaster, heats and binds, being applied to the temples, stops the Rheums that flows to the eyes, helps green wounds, and fills hollow ulcers with flesh, stops the bleeding of wounds, though the Arteries be cut, being made into an Ointment with Vinegar and Hogs-grease, helps the Itch, burnings, ulcers in the head, pains in the ears, inflammations in women's breasts, commonly called the Ague in the breast; beware of taking it inwardly, lest it cause madness. Turpentine is hot in the second degree, it heals softens, it discusseth and purgeth, cleanseth the reins, provokes urine. Styrax Calamitis is hot and dry in the second degree, it healeth, mollifieth, and concocteth; being taken inwardly helps the cough, and distillation of the Lungs, hoarceness and loss of voice, helps the hardness of the womb, and provokes the terms; if you take ten grains of it at a time made up in the form of a Pill. Ammoniacum, hot and dry in the third degree, softens, draws, and heats; being dissolved in Vinegar, strained and applied plasterwise, it takes away bunckles and hardness in the flesh, it is one of the best remedies that I know for infirmities of the spleen, being applied to the left side; being made into an Ointment with Oil, it is excellent good to anoint the Limbs of such as are weary; a scruple of it being taken in the form of a Pill losens the belly, gives speedy delivery to women in travail, helps diseases in the spleen, the sciatica and all pains in the joints, such as piss blood, and have any humour afflicting their Breast. Camphire, it is held by all Authority to be cold and dry in the third degree, it is of very thin and subtle parts, insomuch that being beaten into very fine powder it will vanish away into the air, being beaten into powder and mixed with Oil, and the temples anointed therewith, easeth head aches proceeding of heat, all inflammations whatsoever; the back being anointed with the same, cools the reins, and Seminal Vessels, stops the running of the reins and whites in women, the moderate use of Venery, the like it doth if it be drunk inwardly with Betony Water, take but a small quantity of it at a time inwardly, it resists poison and bitings by venomous beasts; outwardly applied as before and the eyes anointed with it, stops hot rheums that flow thither. Opopanax purgeth thick phlegm from the most remote parts of the body, viz. the brain, joints, hands and feet, the nerves and breast, and strengthens all these parts when they are weak, if the weakness proceed of cold as usually it doth; it helps weakness of the sight, old rotten coughs, and gouts of all sorts, dropsies, and swellings of the spleen, it helps the strangury and difficulty of making Urine; provokes the terms, and helps all cold afflictions of the womb, have a care you give it not to any women with child. The dose is one drachm at most corrected with a little Mastic, dissolved in Vinegar and outwardly applied helps the passions of the Spleen. In the next place, the College tells you a sour tale concerning Liquid Juices and Tears, which are to be kept for present use; Viz. College. Vinegar, Juice of Citrons, Juice of sour Grapes, Oranges, barberries, Tares of a Birch-tree, Juice of Chermes, Quinces, Pomegranates, Lemons, Wood-sorrel, Oil of unripe Olives, and ripe Olives both new and old, Juice of red and Damask Roses, Wine, Tares of a Vine. Culpeper] A The Virtues of most of these may be found in the Syrups, and are few of them used alone, unless it be Vinegar to make sauce, and Wine to drink. Then the College tells you there are these things bred of PLANTS, and that every child knows; Viz. College. AGrick, Jews-ears, the Berries of Cermes, the Spongy substance of the Briar, Moss, Viscus Quercinus, Oak Apples. Culpeper] A. As the College would have you know these, so would I know what the chiefest of them are good for. Jews-ears boiled in Milk and drunk, helpeth sore Throats: it is the opinion of those that have studied Hermetick Philosophy, That those things which resemble any parts of man's body, strengthens those parts of the body they resemble, and help the diseases they are vulgarly incident to, which is an approved truth in this; for as they resemble the Bar of a man, so being boiled in white Wine, and the Wine drunk, and the Jews-ears applied to the Ear outwardly, will help deafness, inflammations, and other infirmities of the Ears. Moss, is cold, dry, and binding, therefore good for fluxes of all sorts: if you desire to know more of it, I desire you would see my English Physician. Our College must have none but Misleto of the Oak used, and what has any body to do to question them for so doing? let the 〈◊〉 buy only such, and paysawce for it; it is nothing to me; but as for the poor Country man, I can tell him this, and I will tell him but the truth, and am able to prove it when I have done, That one sort of Misleto is as good as another; it helps the 〈◊〉 sickness, and the convulsions being 〈◊〉 gathered and used. Oak Apples: 〈◊〉 saith if Oak Apples be broken alonder about the time of their withering before they have a hole through them, they contain in them one Living-creature or another, which 〈◊〉 it be a Fly it signifies War, if a Spider, Pestilence, if a Maggot, Murrain of beasts, if a Worm, scarcity of Victuals, if an Ant, plenty of Corn for us; I'll bind no bodies faith to believe it, because I never tried it myself; this I say, they are 〈◊〉 and binding: being boiled in milk and drunk, they stop fluxes and the terms; and being boiled in Vinegar, and the body anointed with the Vinegar cures the Itch. Then the College acquaints you with more wonders, That there are certain Living-Creatures, called College. BEES, Woodlite, Silkworms, Stoads, Crabs of the River, little Puppy Dogs, Grasshoppers, 〈◊〉, Cathanel, Hedgehogs, Emmets or Ants, Larks, Swallows, and their young ones, Horsleeches, Snails, Earthworms, Dish-washers or Wagtails, House Sparrows, and Hedge Sparrows, Frogs, Scincus, Land Scorpions, Moles, or Mants, Tortoise of the woods, Tenches, Vipers and Foxes. Culpeper] A. The part of this crew of cattle and some others which they have not been pleased to learn may be made beneficial to your sick bodies, be pleased to understand, that Bees being burnt to ashes, and a Lie made with the ashes, trimly decks a bald head being washed with it. Snails with 〈◊〉 on their backs, being first washed from the dirt, than the shells broken, and they boiled in spring Water, but not 〈◊〉 at all, for the 〈◊〉 will sink of itself, and the water drunk for ordinary drink is a most admirable remedy for a consumption, and here by the way I cannot but admire at the simplicity of most Physicians, who prescribe that the snails ought to be purged from their flime either with salt or bran before they be used, which if you do, you take away their virtue, for the reason why they cure a consumption is this, Man being made of the slime of the Earth, the 〈◊〉 substance recovers him when he is wasted; if you please to eat the Snails when they are boiled you may, for they have a very pleasing taste, & it would be very cunningly done of you, if you did so, especially in these hard times, for than would you have meat, drink, and medicine all together. Besides this, being 〈◊〉 and applied to the place they help the gout, draw thorns out of the flesh, and held to the Nose help the bleeding thereof. Frogs. It is a vulgar fashion of the Walloons to catch live Frogs and cut off their hinder Legs and fry them and eat them; whether they be good meat or no I know not, but I am sure 'tis a good medicine for the biting of Serpents: An Oil made of it is excellent good for the stifness of the Tendons, and the falling off of hair. Before I come to the Compounds, lest any should think I go about to hide from them any thing that might do them good, I have here inserted the living Creatures, and Excrements, etc. in the order the College left them, (for impose them they could not for want of Authority; Alack! alack! the King is dead, and the College of Physicians want power to impose the Turds upon men.) The use of the Fats and Suets, you shell have if you please but to stay till I come to the Oils and Ointments; the other which you think not useful for Physic, will serve to laugh at, the reading of them may make you 〈◊〉, though the smell of them might turn your stomach: Myself cannot choose but smile to think in what part of the Apothecary's Shop the College would have them kept, they had need place them near the Civit pot. Therefore consider that the College gave the Apothecaries a Catalogue of what Parts of Living Creatures and Excrements they must keep in their Shops. Viz. College. THE Fat, Grease, or Suet of a Duck, Goose, Ecl, Bare, Herron, Thymallos (if you know where to get it) Dog, Capon, 〈◊〉, wild Cat, Stork, Coney, Horse, Hedgehog, Hen, Man, Lion, Hare, Pike or 〈◊〉, (if they have any fat I am 〈◊〉 'tis worth twelve pence a grain) Wolf, Mouse of the Mountains, (if you can catch them) 〈◊〉, 〈◊〉, Serpent, Badger, 〈◊〉 or 〈◊〉, Bear, Fox, Vultur (if you can catch them) Album 〈◊〉 〈◊〉, a Dog's Turd, the 〈◊〉 of a Hare and a Hog, East and West 〈◊〉, Butter not 〈◊〉 and salted, stone taken out of a man's Bladder, Viper's flesh, fresh Cheese, Castorium, white, yellow, and virgin's wax, the Brain of Hares and Sparrows, Crabs claws, the Rennet of a Lamb, Kid, a Hare, and a Calf, and a Horse too (quoth the College:) [They should have put in the Rennet of ah Ass to make a Medicine for their addle brains; the next time they alter their Dispensarory, let them go take council of the Butchers, and allow them a place in their Colledg-Garden in Amen-Corner as they have done their learned Alchemist; truly they would have knocked down such an Earor like an Ox, and told them no creatures had Rennets, but only such as sucked: to proceed.] The Heart of a Bullock, a Stag, a Hog, and a Wether; the Horn of an Elk, a Hart, a Rhinocerot, an Unicorn; the skull of a Man, killed by a violent death; a Cocks comb [to hang upon their learned heads] the Tooth of a Boar, an Elephant, and a Sea-horse, Ivory, or Elephant's Tooth, the skin a Snake hath cast off, the gall of a Hawk, Bullock, a she Goat, a Hare, a Kite, a Hog, a Bull, a Bear, the cases of Silkworms, the Liver of a Wolf, an Otter, a Frog, Ising-glass, the guts of a Wolf, and a Fox, the milk of a she Ass, a she Goat, a Woman, an Ewe, a Heifer, East and West Bezoar, the stone in the head of a Carp, and a Perch, if there be any stone in an Ox Gall, stone in the Bladder of a Man, the Jaw of a Pike or Jack, Pearls, the marrow of the Leg of a Sheep, Ox, Goat, Stag, Calf, common and virgin Honey, Musk, Mummy, a Swallows nest, Crabs eyes, the Omentum or Call of a Lamb, Ram, Weather, Calf, the whites, yolks, and shells of Hen's Eggs, Emmets Eggs, bone of a Stag's Heart, an Ox Leg, Ossepiae, the inner skin of a Hen's Gizzard, the Wool of Hares, the feathers of Partridges, that which Bees make at the entrance of the Hive [to keep out cold if they make any thing at all, for I assure you I could never find any yet, and have been a diligent searcher after it] the pizzle of a Stag, of a Bull, Fox Lungs, fasting spittle, the blood of a Pigeon, of a Cat, of a he Goat, of a Hare, of a Partridge, of a Sow, of a Bull, of a Badger, of a Snail, [they might have been a little plainer; Testudo, which is their word, signifies any shellfish, as also snails that have shells on their backs; any thing will serve to cheat the people with] Silk, Whey, the suet of a Bullock, of a Stag, of a he Goat, of a Sheep, of a Heiser, Sperma 〈◊〉, a Bullocks Spleen, the skin a Snake hath cast off, the Turds of a Goose, of a Dog, of a Goat, of Pigeons, of a stone-horse, of a Hen, of Swallows, of Men, of Women, of Mice, of Peacocks, of a Hog, of a Heiser, the Ankle of a Hare, of a Sow, Cobwebs, Water shells, as Blatta Bizantia, Buccinae, Crabs, Cockles, Dentalis, Entalis, mother of Pearl, Mytuli purpurae, Os sepiae, Umbilicus, Marinus, the stones of a Horse, of a Cock, the hoof of an Elk, of an Ass, of a Bullock, of a Horse, of a Lion, the piss of a Boar, of a she Goats of a Man or Woman that is a Maid, and that is not a Maid, the Moss on a Man's skull, Zibeth. Culpeper] A. The Liver of a Hedgehog being dried and beaten into powder and drunk with Wine, strengthens the Reins exceedingly, and helps the dropsy, convulsions, and the Falling-sickness, together with all fluxes of the Bowels. The Liver being in like manner brought into powders strengthens the Liver exceedingly, and helps the dropsy. The Heart of a Frog being applied to the Region of the Heart in a burning Fever, mitigates the fits to admiration. The Heart of a Lark being bound to the Thigh of those that have the Colic, helps them; it doth the like also, being eaten. Then the College tells you these things may be taken from the SEA, As Coll. Ambergreese, Sea water, Sea sand, Bitumen, Amber, white and yellow, Jet, Carallinae, Coral white and red, Foam of the Sea, Sponge stone, Pumice, Sea salt, Sponges, Amber. METALS, STONES, SALTS, and other MINERALS. VErt-de-greese, scales of Brass, Aetitis, Alana Terra, Alabaster, Alectorious, Alum Scisile and Roch, Amethyst, Amianth, Ampheliles, Antimony, Leaves and filings of Silver, Quicksilver, Lapis Armenius, native Arsenic, both white and red, artifieial Arsenic, white and realgar, Argilla, Asteria, Leaves and filings of Gold, Belemnites, Beril, Bolearmenick, Borax, Toads-stone, Lapis Calaminaris, Cadmia, Lime quick and quenched, Vitriol, white, blue, and green, Steel, Borax 〈◊〉, Crysopus, Cinabaris, native and artificial, whetstones, Chalk white and green, Crystal, Diphriges, the rust, dust, scales, and flakes of Iron, Granate, Morter, such as walls are daubed with, Hematites, Heliotropium, Jacinth, Hibernicus, Jasper, Lapis Judaicus, Tiles, Lapis Lazuli, Lapis Lincis, 〈◊〉, Litharge of Silver and Gold, Loadstone, Marchasite, or firestone, Marble, red Lead, native and artificial; Mist, Naphtha, Lapis Nephriticus, Niter, Oaker, yellow and red, Onyx, Opalus, Ophytes, Osteocolla, Led white and black, Plumbago, Pompholix, Marchasite realgar, Ruby, red Oaker, Sal Armoniac, Sal Gem, and Sal Niter, Saphir and Sardine, Selenites, Flints, Emerald, Smiris, Sori, Spodium, Pewter, Brimstone quick and common, Talch, Earth of Cimolia, Samos, Lemnos, Sylesia, Topas, Alana Terra, Tutty, Vitriol, white, blue, and green. When the ground of our institution required us, than one to one simple, and sometimes to repeat them in divers places, it pleased us to note those that are iterated in a different Character, lest we should seem to make a needless repetition, or increase our Catalogue for vain glory sake. Well said College. Culpeper] A. Also I repeated them twice or thrice when they did, & caused them to be set down in a different Letter; also I hope it will make to my honour and not to my disgrace to imitate such a learned College of Physicians. Of some precious stones I spoke before in the former Edition; I shall here reduce them all into order, and treat of such as were casually there omitted: whether they were mentioned by the College or no it matters nothing to me. Precious Stones alter by a way manifest or hidden. By a way manifest, they are Hot in the first degree. Hemetites, Pyrites, Lapis Asius, Thyites, Smyres, Lapis Schistus. Precious Stones cold, are in the first degree. Jacinth, Saphir, Emerald, Crystal, Lapis Samius, Lapis Phrygius. In the second degree. Ruby, Carbuncle, Granate, Sardony. In the fourth degree. Diamond. In respect of property, they bind, as Lapis Asius, Nectius, Geodes, Pumice-stone. Emollient, as Alabaster, Jet, Lapis Thrasius. Stupefy, as Memphites, Jasper, Ophites. Cleanse, as Lapis Arabicus. Glutinate, as Galactites, Melites. 〈◊〉, as Morochtus. Break the stone, as Lapis Lyncis, Lapis Judaicus, Lapis Sponge. Retain the fruit in the Womb, as Aetites, Jasper. Provoke the Terms. Ostracites. Stones altering by a hidden property (as they call it) Are 〈◊〉, Topas, Lapis Colubrinus, Toadstone, Emerald, Alectorius, Calcidonius, Amethyst, Saphit, Jasper, Lapis Nephriticus, Lapis Tibernum, Lapis Spongites, the Stone found in the Maw of a Swallow, Loadstone, Lapis Vulturis, Merlucius, Coral, Lynturius, Jet, Aetites, the stones of Crabs, Amber, Crystal, etc. The Loadstone purgeth gross humours. Lapis Armenius, and Lapis Laxuli, purge Melancholy. To speak a word or two of those which were then pretermitted. A Water-Snake, a string being thrust through her tail, and she hung up, a Vessel full of Water being set underneath, into which she may put her Head; after Hollerius. certain hours, or days, she will vomit up a Stone, which being received in the vessel full of water will drink it all up, which being bound to the Navel of one that hath the Dropsy, drinks up all the water. Lapis Calcidonius, being hung about the neck, helps those melancholy illusions, and melancholy fancies. In the Indian Sea, are taken certain strong fight Fish, called Tyburones; in the Heads of which, are Nicholam 〈◊〉. found three or four Stones, sometimes more, very white, great and ponderous, insomuch, that sometimes they weigh two pound: The powder of this Stone is very profitable for such as are troubled with the Stone and difficulty of Urine, breaks the stone in the Reins and Bladder. Bloodstone is a kind of Jasper of divers colours, 〈◊〉 〈◊〉. with red spots in it like blood, stops the Terms and bleeding in any part of the Body. Hemetites stops blood, the Eyes being often strooken with it, helps bloodshed; being beaten into powder Dioscorides. and taken inwardly provokes urine and stops the Terms. Pyrites, heats and cleanseth, takes away dimness of Dioscorides. sight. Lapis Asius binds, and moderately corrodes and elenseth filthy ulcers, and fills them up with flesh; being mixed with Honey, and applied to the place, is an admirable remedy for the Gout. Crystal being beaten into very fine powder, and a 〈◊〉 drachm of it taken at a time helps the bloodyflux, stops the whites in women, and increaseth milk in Nurses. Lapis Samius is cooling and binding, it is very comfortable to the stomach, but it dulls the Senses, Dioscorides. helps Fluxes of the Eyes and Ulcers: Dioscorides held that it was little inferior to Lapis Aetites in all his virtues. That which comes off from a Whetstone of Cypress by whetting, helps baldness; being taken inwardly with Vinegar consumes the Spleen and helps the falling-sickness. Geodetes binds and dries; being beaten into powder and mixed with water, and applied to the place, taketh away inflammations of the Testicles. Pumice-stone being beaten into powder and the Dioscorides. teeth rubbed with it, cleanseth them. Jet, it is of a softening and discussing nature, it resisteth the fits of the Mother. Lapis Memphites: Dioscorides saith, that if it be beaten to powder and made into an Ointment, and the part of a man which is to be cut off anointed with it, it takes away the sense of it without any danger. Lapis Ophites: some of these stones have white lines in them; these are an admirable remedy both for Headache and Lethargy; all of them being born about one help the Headache, and the biting of Serpents. Lapis Arabicus being beaten into powder and made into an Ointment, helps the Hemorrhoids. Ostrocites, a drachm of it taken in powder provokes Dioscorides. the terms, being taken after that purgation causeth conception; also being made into an Ointment helps inflammations of the breasts. Lapis 〈◊〉 is an admirable stone of the Moon; the Women in Germany wear them as 〈◊〉 because they would be fruitful; they cure the falling-sickness, and being bound to trees make them fruitful. Lapis Amianthus being born about one helps such Dioscorides. as are bewitched. Myexis being born about one takes away pains in 〈◊〉. the reins and hinders the breeding of the stone. Lapis Armenius purgeth Melancholy, and also causeth vomiting, I hold it not very 〈◊〉 for our English bodies, and therefore I will speak no more of it. An Explanation of certain Uncupations, comprehending more things than one under one name. The five opening Roots. Smallage, Asparagus, Fennel, Parsly, Kneeholly. The two epening Roots. Fennel, Parsly. The five emollient Herbs. Marsh-mallows or Mallows, Beets, Mercury, Pellitory of the wall, Violet Leaves. The five Capillary Herbs. Maidenhair, Wall-rue, Cetrach, Harts-tongue, Politricum. The four Cordial Flowers. borage, Bugloss, Roses, Violets. The four greater hot Seeds, Carminative, or breaking wind. Annis, Caraway, Cummin, Fennel. The four lesser hot Seeds. Bishopsweed, Amomus, Smallage, Carrots. The four greater cold Seeds. Citrul, cucumber, Guord, Melone. The four lesser cold Seeds. Succory, Endive, Lettuce, Purslain. Five fragments of precious Stones. Granate, Jacinth, Saphire, Sardine, Emerald. Culpeper] A. I was the more willing to quote these again, although they be almost the same in their former Dispensatory; 1. Because this is all the good the Learned College hath done their Country, in this their refined Masterpiece; namely, To tell them that such and such Roots are opening, such and such Flowers Cordial, or strengthening to the heart, such and such Seeds break wind, etc. and if any should be so bold as to object against a whole College of learned Physicians, That they did the generality of the Commonwealth no good at all, because they wrote it in Latin, which is a Language understood but by few; it were easily answered, They did it in Latin to animate people to bring up their children to learning, which is a thing I wish from my heart were done; what the College doth, I know not. 2. Because they have here left out some Ointments, the use of which they would not have the Chyrurgians know, (the most part of which are no Scholars, (the more is the pity) and that they know well enough) it were a brave trick if they could catch old birds with chaff. KIND READERS, THE Right Worshipful, the College of Physicians of London in their new Dispensatory, give you free leave to distil these common Waters that follow, but they never intended you should know what they are good for. SIMPLE DISTILLED WATERS. Of Fresh Roots of BRiony, Onions, Alicampane, Orris, or Flower-de-luce, Turnips. Of Flowers and Buds of Southernwood, both sorts of Wormwood, Wood-sorrel, Ladies-Mantle, Marsh-mallows, Angelica, Pimpernel with purple flowers, Smallage, Columbines, Asparagus, Mousear, borage, Shepheards-purse, Calaminth, wood-bine or Honey-suckles, Carduus Benedictus, our Lady's thistles, Knotgrass, Succory, Dragons, Coltsfoot, Fennel, Goats-rue, Grass, Hyssop, Lettuce, Lovage, Toadflax; Hops; 〈◊〉; Mallows; Horehound; Feathersew; Bawm; Mints; Horsemints; Water-cresses; English Tobacco; white Poppies; Pellitory of the wall; Parsly; Plantain: 〈◊〉: selfheal: Penyroyal: Oak Leaves: Sage: Scabious: Figwort or Throatwort: Housleek or 〈◊〉: the greater and lesser: Mother of Time: Nightshade: tansy: 〈◊〉: Valerian Of Flowers of Oranges [if you can get them] Blue-bottle the greater: Beans: Water-lillies: Lavender: Nut-tree: Cowslips: Sloes: Rosemary: Roses, white 〈◊〉 and red: Satyrion: Linetree: Clovegilliflowers: Violets. Of Fruits of Oranges: black cherries: 〈◊〉: Quinces: Cucumbers: Strawberries: Winter Cherries: Lemmons: Raspberries: unripe Walnuts: Apples. Of parts of living creatures and their Excrements. Lobsters: 〈◊〉, 〈◊〉 Snails: * I know not which their word signifies, Cockles, Snails, Peruinkls, and all such shellfish: As their former word which I translated Lobsters, signifies Crabs as well as Lobster's, & I could afford to think they intent river Crabs here, by 2 or 3 letters of a word, which they add at the latter end of it, it being usual with Physicians because they cannot write true latin to abreviate their words by the middle, that so a man can neither tell what gender nor what case they are of. 〈◊〉: Bullocks dung made in May: Swallows: Earthworms: Magpies: spawm of Frogs. SIMPLE WATERS DISTILLED being digested beforehand. Of the fresh Roots of Nettles. Of the Leaves of Agrimony: Wild tansy, or Silverweed, Mugwort, Betony, Marigolds, Chamomel, Chamepitis, Sullondine, Pilewort, Scurvy— grass, Comfry the greater, Dandelyon, Ashtree leaves, Eyebright, Fumitory; Alehoof or ground Ivy, Horstail, St. John's wort, Yarrow, Moneywort, Restharrow, Solomon's seal, Ros solis, Rue, Savin, Saxifrage, Hartstongue, Scordium, Tamaris, Mullin, Vervain, Paul's Betony, Mead sweet, Nettles. Of the Flowers of Mayweed: Broom: Cowslips: Butter-burr: Peony: Elder. Of the Berries of Broom, Elder. Culpeper] A. Then the College gives you an Admonition concerning distilling these (such a one as it is) which being converted into your native language, is as followeth. We give you warning that these common waters be better prepared for time to come, either in common stills, putting gaod store of Ashes underneath, the Roots and Herbs being dryer, etc. Or if they be full of Juice, by * I know whomthey may thank for this way of distillation. distilling the Juice in aconvenient Bath, that so burning may be avoided, which hitherto hath seldom been: But let the other Herbs, Flowers, or Roots, be bruised, and by adding Tartar, common Salt, or Leven, be digested, then putting spring water to them: distil them in an Alembick with his refrigeratory, or Worm, till the change of the taste show the urtue to be drawn off, then let the Oil (if any be) be separated from the Water according 〈◊〉. Into the number of these Waters may be ascribed, The Tears of Vines, The Liquor of the birch tree, May due. Culpeper] A. That my Country may receive the benefit of these Waters: I shall first show the Temperatures, secondly, the vertues of the most usual & most easy to come by: If any should take exceptions that I mention not all (for itis impossible to write to please every body) I answer first I me ntion enough, secondly; Who ever makes this objection, they show extreme ingratitude, for had I mentioned but only one; I had revealed more to them than ever the College intended they should know, or con me thanks for doing, but the best is, I respect their love, and fear their hatred much at one. The qualities and apropriation of the simple distilled Waters. Simple distilled Waters either cool or heat; Such as cool, either cool the blood or Choler. Waters cooling the blood. Lettuce, Purslain, Water-lilies, Violets, Sorrel, Endive, Succory, Fumitory. Waters cooling and repressing choleric humours, or vapours in the head. Nightshade, Lettuce, Water-lilies, Plantain, Poppies, viz. The flowers both of white, black, and red Poppies, black Cherries. The breast and lungs Violets, Poppies all three sorts, Colts-foot. In the heart. Sorrel, Quinces, Water-lilies, Roses, Violets, green or unripe Walnuts. In the stomach. Quinces, Roses, Violets, Nightshade, Housleek, or Sengreen, Lettuce, Purslain. In the River. Endiuc, Succory, Nightshade, Purslain, Water Lilies. In the Reins and bladder. Endive, Succory, winter Cherries, Plantain, Water-lilies, Strawberries, Housleek: or Sengreen, black Cherriea. In the Womb. Endive: Succory, Lettuce, Water-lilies, Purslain, Roses. Simple Waters which are hot, concoct either phlegm or Melancholy. Waters concocting phlegm in the Head are of: Betony, Sage, Margerum, Chamomel, Fennel, Calaminth, Rosemary flowers, Primroses, Eye-bright. In the Breast and Lungs. Maidenhair, Betony, Hyssop, horehound, Carduus Bnedictus, Scabious, Orris, or Flowers-de-luce Bawm, selfheal, etc. In the heart. Bawm, Rosemary. In the stomach. Wormwood, Mints, Fennel, Chervil, Time, mother of Time, Marigolds. In the Liver. Wormwood: Centaury: Origanum; Margerum: Maudlin: Costmary; Agrimony: Fennel. In the Spleen. Water-cresses: Wormwood: Calaminth. In the reins and bladder. Rocket: Nettles: 〈◊〉: Pellitory of the wall: Alicampane: Burnet. In the Womb. Mugwort: Calaminth: Penyroyal: Savin: mother of Time: Lovage. Waters concocting Melancholy in the head: are of Hops: Fumitory. The Breast. Bawm: Carduus Benedictus. The Heart Borrage: Bugloss: Bawm: Rosemary. The Liver. Endive, Cichory, Hops. The Spleen, Dodder: Harts-tongue: Tamaris: Time. Having thus ended the apropriation, I shall speak briefly of the virtues of distilled Waters. Lettuce Wat er cools the blood when it is overheated, for when it is not, it needs no cooling, it cools the head and Liver, stays hot vapours ascending to the head, and high ndring sleep, it quencheth immoderate thirst, and breeds milk in nurses. Distil it in May. Purslain Water cools the blood and Liver, quencheth thirst, helps such as spit blood, have hot coughs or pestilences. The distilled Water of water Lilly-Flowers, cools the blood and the bowels, and all internal parts of the body, helps such as have the yellow Jaundice, hot coughs or pleuresies, the headache coming of heat, fevers pestilential, and not pestilential, as also hectic fevers. The Water of Violet flowers, cools the blood, the heart, Liver, and Lungnes overheated, and quencheth an insatiable desire of drinking; they are in their prime about the latter end of March, or beginning of April, according as the year falls out. The Water of Sorrel cools this blood, heart, Liver, and spleen; if Venus' Treacle be given with it, it is profitable in pestilential fevers; distil it in May. Endive and Succory Water, are excellent against heat in the stomach; If you take an ounce of either (for their operation is the same) morning and evening four days one after another, they cool the Liver, and cleanse the blood; they are in their prime in May. Fumitory Water is usual with the City Dames, to wash their faces with, to take away morphew freckles, and Sunburning, inwardly taken it helps the yellow Jaundice, and Itch, cleanseth the blood, provokes sweat, strengthens the stomach, and cleanseth the body of adust humours, It is in its prime in May and June. The Water of Nightshade helps pains in the head coming of heat; take heed you distil not the deadly Nightshade instead of the common, if you do, you may make mad work; let such as have not wit enough to know them asunder, have wit enough to let them both alone till they do. The Water of white Poppies extinguisheth all heat 〈◊〉 nature, helps headaches coming of heat, and too long standing in the Sun: Distil them in June or July. Colts-foot Watar is excellent for burns to wash the place with it, inwardly taken it helps Phthisicks, and other diseases incident to the lungs; Distil them in May or June. The Water of distilled Quinces strengthens the heart and stomach exceedingly, stays vomiting, and fluxes, and strengthens the retentive faculty in man. Demask Rose-water, cools, comforts, and strengthens the heart; so doth red Rose-water, only with this difference, the one is binding, the other loosening, if your body be costive, use Damask Rose-water, because it is loosening, if loose, use red, because it is binding. White Rose-water is generally known to be excellent against hot rheums, and inflammations in the eyes, and for this it is better than the former. The Water of Red Poppy flowers, called by many Corn-roses, because they grow so freequently amongst corn, cool the blood, and spirits overheated by drinking or labour, and is therefore excellent for surfeits. Green Walnuts gathered about the latter end of June, or beginning of July, and bruiled, and so stilled, strengthens the heart, and resisteth the pestilence. Plantain Water helps the headache, being dropped into the ear; it helps the toothache, helps the Physic, dropsy, and fluxes, and is an admirable remedy for 〈◊〉 in the reins and bladder, to be used as common drink: the herb is in its prime in May. Strawberry Water cooleth, quencheth thirst, clarifieth the blood, breaks the stone, helps all inward inflammations, especially those in the reins, bladder, and passages of the urine, it strengthens the Liver, and helps the yellow Jaundice. The distilled Water of Dog-grass, or couch-grass as some call it, cleanseth the 〈◊〉 gallantly, and provokes urine, opens 〈◊〉 of the Liver and spleen, and kills worms. Black Cherry Water, provokes urine, helps the dropsy; It is usually given in diseases of the brain, as convulsions, falling sickness, palsy, and Apoplexy. Betony is in its prime in May; the distilled Water thereof is very good for such as are pained in their heads, it prevails against the dropsy, and all sorts of fevers, it succours the Liver and spleen, and helps want of digestion, and evil disposition of the body thence arising, it hastens travail in women with child, and is excellent against the bitings of venomous beasts. Distil Sage whilst the flowers be on it; the Water strengthens the brain, provokes the terms, helps nature much in all its actions Marjoram is in its prime in June; the distilled Water, is excellent for such whose brains are too cold, it provokes urine, heats the womb, provokes the terms, strengthens the memory, and helps the judgement, causeth an able brain, and therefore I commend it to the College of Physicians. Distil Chamomel Water about the beginning of June: It easeth the colic and pains in the belly, it breaks the stone in the reins and bladder, provokes the terms, expels the dead child, and takes away pains in the head. Fennel water strengthens the heart and brain, dilates the breast, helps the cough, provokes the terms, increaseth milk in nurses, and if you wash your eyes with it, it clears the sight. Calaminth Water, heats and cleanseth the womb, provokes the terms, and easeth the pains of the head; distil it in May. The Distilled water of Rosemary flowers, helps such as are troubled with the yellow Jaundice, Asthma; it cleanseth the blood, helps concoction, strengthens the brain and body exceedingly. Waters of the flowers of Lilies of the valley, strengthens the brain and all the senses. The water 〈◊〉 Cowslip flowers, helps the palsy, and thence they obtained the name [Paralysis] takes away pains in the head, the vertigo, and megrim, and are exceeding good for women with child. The eyes being washed every morning with Eyebright water, most strangely clears and strengthens the sight. Maidenhair distilled in May, the water cleanseth both Liver and Lungs, clarifies the blood, and break the stone. Hyssop water cleanseth the Lungs of phlegm, helps Coughs, and Asthmaes; distil it in August. The water of horehound, helps the Cough, and straitness of the breast, it strengthens the breast, Lungs, and stomach, and Liver; distil it in June. Carduus water succours the head, strengthens the memory, helps such as are troubled with vertigoes, and quartan agues, it provokes sweat, strengthens the heart, and is good in pestilences, and all other fevers of choler; it is in its prime in May and June. Scabious water, helps pleuresies, and pains, and prickings in the sides, Apostthemes, Coughs, pestilence, and straitness of the breast. Water of Flower-de-luce, is very profitable in dropsies, an ounce being drnnk continually, morning and evening, as also pains and torments in the bowels. Bawm water distilled in May, restores memory when it is lost, it quickens all the senses, strengthens the brain, heart, and stomach, causeth a merry mind, and a sweet breath. The water of Comfry sodders broken bones, being drunk helps ruptures, outwardly it stops the bleeding of wounds, they being washed with it. Wormwood water distilled cold, about the end of May, heats and strengthens the stomach, helps concoction, stays vomiting, kills worms in the stomach, and bowels, it mitigates the pains in the teeth, and is profitably given in fevers of Choler. Mint water strengthens the stomach, helps concoction and 〈◊〉 vomiting; distil it in the latter end of May, or beginning of June, as the year is in forwardness, or backwardness; observe that in all the rest. Chervil water distilled about the end of May, helps ruptures, breaks the stone, dissolves congealed blood, strengthens the heart and stomach. The water of Mother of Time strengthens the brain and stomach, gets a man a good stomach to his victuals, provokes urine, and the terms, heats the womb; it is in its prime about the end of June. The water of Marigold flowers, is apropriated to most cold diseases of the head, Eyes, and stomach; they are in their vigour when the Sun is in the Lion. Distilled water of Centaury, comforts a cold stomach, helps in fevers of choler, which the Greeks 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉, and 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 it kills worms, and provokes appetite to victuals. Maudlin and Costmary water distilled in May, or June, strengthens the Liver, helps the yellow 〈◊〉, opens obstructions, and helps the dropsy. Water-cresses distilled in March, the water cleanseth the blood, and provokes 〈◊〉 exceedingly, kills worms, outwardly mixed with Honey, it clears the skin of morphew and Sunburning. Distil Nettles when they are in flower, the water helps coughs, and pains in the bowels, provokes urine, and breaks the stone. Saxifrage water provokes urine, expels wind, breaks the stone, cleanseth the reins and bladder of gravel; distil them when they are in flower. The water of Pellitory of the wall, opens obstructions of the Liver and Spleen, by drinking an ounce of it every morning, it cleanseth the reins and bladder, and easeth the gripe of the bowels coming of wind; distil it in the end of May, or beginning of June. Sinkfoyl water breaks the stone, cleanseth the reins, and is of excellent use in putrified fevers; distil it in May. The water of Radishes, breaks the stone, cleanseth the reins and bladder, provokes the terms, and helps the yellow Jaundice. Alicampane water strengthens the stomach and Lungs, provokes urine, and cleanseth the passages of it from gravel. Distil Burnet in May or June; the water breaks the stone, cleanseth the passages of urine, and is exceeding profitable in pestilential times. Mugwort water distilled in May, is excelleut in coughs, and diseases proceeding from stoppage of the terms in women, it warms the stomach, and helps the dropsy. Distil Penyroyal when the flowers are upon it; the water heats the womb gallantly, provokes the terms, expels the Afterbirh, cuts, and casts out thick and gross humours in the breast, easeth pains in the bowels, and consumes phlegm. The water of Lovage distilled in May, easeth pains in the head, and tures ulcers in the womb being washed with it, inwardly taken it expels wind, and breaks the stone. The tops of Hops when they are young, being distilled; the water cleanseth the blood of addust and melancholy humours, and therefore helps Scabs, Itch, and leprosy, and such like diseases thence proceeding, it open obstructions of the spleen, helps the rickets, and hypocondriac melancholy. The water of borage and Bugloss, distilled when their flowers are upon them, strengthen the heart and brain exceedingly, cleanse the blood, and takes away sadness, grief, and melancholy. Doddar water cleanseth the Liver and spleen, helps the yellow jaundice. Tamaris water opens the obstructions, and helps the hardness of the spleen, and strengthens it. English Tobacco distilled; the water is excellent good for such as have dropsies, to drink an ounce or too every morning, it helps ulcers in the mouth, strengthens the Lungs, and helps such as have Asthmaes. The water of Dwarf Elder hath the same effects. Thus have you the virtues of enough of cold waters, the use of which is for mixtures of other medicines, whose operation is the same, for they are very seldom given alone; if you delight most in liquid medicines, having regard to the disease, and part of the body afflicted by it, these will furnish you with, where withal to make them, so as will please your palate best. COMPOUNDS. SPIRITS and COMPOND DISTILLED WATERS. Culpeper] A. BEfore I begin these, I thought good to premise a few words: They are all of them hot in operation, and therefore not to be meddled with by people of hot Constitutions, when they are in health for fear of Fevers, and adustion of blood; but for people of cold constitutions, as Melancholy and Phlegmatic people. If they drink of them moderately now and then for recreation, due consideration being had to the part of the body which is weakest, they may do them good; yet in diseases of melancholy, neither strong Waters nor Sack is to be drunk, for they make the 〈◊〉 thin, and then up to the head it flies, where it fills the brain with foolish and fearful imaginations. 2. Let all young people forbear them whilst they are in health, for their blood is usually hot enough without them. 3. Have regard to the season of the year, so shall you find them more beneficial in Summer than in in Winter, because in Summer the body is always coldest within, and digestion weakest, and that is the reason why men and women eat less in Summer than they do in Winter. Thus much for people in health, which drink strong waters for recreation. As for the Medicinal use of them, it shall be showed at the 〈◊〉 end of every Receipt; only in general they are (due respect had to the humours afflicting, and part of the body afflicted) medicinal for diseases of cold, and phlegm, chilliness of the spirits etc. But that my Country men may not be mistaken in this, I shall give them some Symptoms of each Complexion, how a man may know when it exceeds its due 〈◊〉. Signs of Choler abounding. Leaness of body, costiveness, hollow eyes, anger without a cause, a testy disposition, yellowness of the 〈◊〉 bitterness in the 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 pains in the 〈◊〉 the pulse 〈◊〉 and stronger 〈◊〉 ordinary; the 〈◊〉 higher coloured, thinner and brighter; troublesome sleeps; much dreaming of fire; lightning; anger and fight. Signs of Blood abounding. The Veins are bigger (or at least they seem so) and fuller than ordinary; the skin is red, and as it were swollen; pricking pains in the sides and about the temples; shortness of breath; headache; the pulse great and full; urine high coloured and thick; dreams of blood etc. Signs of Melancholy abounding. Fearfulness without a cause, fearful and 〈◊〉 imaginations, the skin rough and 〈◊〉, 〈◊〉, want of sleep, frightful dreams, 〈◊〉 in the throat, the pulse very weak, solitariness, thin 〈◊〉 urine, often sighing etc. Signs of Phlegm abounding. Sleepiness, dulness, slowness, heaviness, cowardliness, forgetfulness, much spitting, much 〈◊〉 at the 〈◊〉, little appetite to meat, and as bad 〈◊〉, the skin whiter, colder and smother than it was wont to be, the pulse flow and deep, the urine thick and low coloured, dreams of rain, floods, and water etc. These things thus premised I come to the matter. The first the College presents you with, is Spiritus et Aqua Absinthii minus Composita. Pag. 30. Or, Spirit and Water of Wormwood the lesser Composition. The College] Take of the Leaves of * You may take what Wormwood you pleas; what care they so they get money, they have their desire. dried Wormwood two pound; Annis seeds half a pound; steep them in six gallons of small Wines twenty four hours, than 〈◊〉 them in an alembic, 〈◊〉 to every 〈◊〉 of the 〈◊〉 water two 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Sugar. Let the two first pound you draw out be called Spirit of Wormwood; those which follow, Wormwood Water the lesser Composition. Culpeper] A. I like this distinction of the Colleges very well, because what is first stilled out is far stronger than the rest, and therefore very fitting to be kept by itself, you may take which you please, according as the temperature of your body, either to heat or cold, and the season of the year requires. A. It hath the same virtue's Wormwood hath, only fitter to be used by such whose bodies are chilled by age, and whose natural heat abateth. You may search the Herb for the virtues; it heateth the stomach and helpeth digestion. The College] After the same manner (only omitting the Annis seeds) is distilled Spirit and water of Angelica, both Herb and Root; 〈◊〉, Mints, Sage etc. The Flowers of Rosemary Clary, Clove-gilli flowers etc. the seeds of Caraway etc. 〈◊〉 berries, 〈◊〉 pills, Lemons, Citrons etc. 〈◊〉, Nutmegs etc. Culpeper] A. I would some body (that knows their conditions) would do but so much as ask the College what the meaning of all these et caetera's is. Spiritus et Aqua Absynthii magis composita. Pag. 30. Or, Spirit and Water of Wormwood the greater Composition. The College] Take of common and Roman Wormwood, of each a pound; Sage, Mints, Bawm, of each two handfuls; the roots of Galanga, Ginger, Calamus Aromaticus, Alicampane, of each three drams; Liquor is an ounce, Raisins of the Sun stoned three ounces; Annis seeds and sweet Fennel seeds, of each three drachms, Cinnamon, Cloves, Nutmegs, of each two drachms; Cardamons, Cubebs, of each one drachm: Let the things be cut that are to be cut, and the things bruised that are to be bruised; all of them infused in twenty four pints of Spanish Wines for twenty four hours, then distilled in an alembic, adding two ounces of white Sugar to every pint of distilled water. Let the first pint be called Spirit of Wormwood the greater composition. Culpeper] A. In this Receipt they have only in their new Masterpiece, left out According to Art, and I commend them, for sure it was advisedly done of them not to write of what they never had. A. The Opinion of Authors, is, That it heats the stomach, and strengthens it and the lungs, expels wind, and helps digestion in ancient people. Spiritus et Aqua Angelicae magis composita. Page 31. Or, Spirit and Water of Angelica the greater Composition. The College] Take of the * I bid them say Leaves in my last Edition. Leaves of Angelica eight ounces, of 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 ounces, of Bawm and Sage, of each sour ounces; Angelica seeds six ounces; sweet Fennel seeds nine ounces: Let the Herbs being dried and the seeds be grossly bruised, to which add of the Species called Aromaticum Rosatum, and of the Species called Diamoschu Dulce, of each an ounce and an 〈◊〉; infuse them two days in thirty two pints of Spanish Wine; then distil them with a gentle fire (according to that art which we never had) and with every pound mix two ounces of Sugar dissolved in Rose water. Let the three first pound be called by the name of Spirit, the rest by the name of Water. Culpeper] A This Receipt was far different from that Angelica water which they prescribed in their last Dispensatory; I could at first imagine no reason worth the quoting, unless it were done to make it dearer, as who should say, seeing the common people cannot be kept from knowing the virtues of what we have so long monopolised into our own hands, through the iniquity of the times in abolishing Kingly Government, which was the only 〈◊〉 we had to lean upon; yet will we to work again, and leave never a stone unturned that may uphold us in our pride and unconscionable domineering: and though we cannot write but it will be translated into such a language as will be in the reach 〈◊〉 the 〈◊〉 brain, yet will we wind the business so high, that it shall be out of the reach of his purse; this I thought to be the plain English of it: yet afterward I found, that their former Dispensatory had a water called Cordial Water, which here shouldered out, Angelica Water, and having got into its place, stole its name. Pray do but so much as tell what good it doth the vulgar for you to change the names of Medicines: I 〈◊〉 a Rat, a new trick to cheat the world. A. The chief end of composing this Medicine, was to strengthen the heart, and 〈◊〉 〈◊〉, and therefore is very wholesome in pestilential times, and for such as walk in stinking airs. I shall now quote you their former Receipt in 〈◊〉 former Dspensatory. Angellica water the greater Composition. The College] Take of * Take the Leaves. Angellica two pound, Annis seeds half a pound, Coriander and 〈◊〉 away seeds, of each four ounces, Zedoary bruised, three ounces, steep them twenty four hours in six gallons of 〈◊〉 Wines, then draw out the Spirits, and sweeten it with Sugar. Culpeper] A. It comforts the heart, cherisheth the vital Spirits, resisteth the pestilence, and all corrupt airs, which indeed are the natural causes of all Epidimical diseases; the sick may take a spoonful of it in any convenient cordial, and such as are in health, and have bodies either cold by nature, or cooled by age, may take as much either in the morning fasting, or a little before meat. Spiritus Lavendulae compositus. 〈◊〉. Pag. 31. Or, 〈◊〉 Spirit of Lavender. Mathias. The College] Take of Lavender flowers one gallon, to which pour three gallons of the best Spirit of Wine, let them stand together in the Sun six days, than destil them with an 〈◊〉 with his refrigeratory. Take of the flowers of Sage, Rosemary, and 〈◊〉 of each one handful, the flowers of 〈◊〉, 〈◊〉, Lilies of the valley, Cowslips, of 〈◊〉 〈◊〉; let the flowers being newly and seasonably gathered, being infused in one gallon of the best Spirit of Wine, and mingled with the aforegoing Spirit of 〈◊〉 flowers, adding the leaves of Bawm, Feather-few, and Orange tree fresh gathered; the flowers of 〈◊〉, and Orange tree, Bay berries, of each one ounce; after 〈◊〉 〈◊〉, distil it again, after which add, Citron 〈◊〉 the outward Bark, 〈◊〉 seeds husked, of each six drachms, Cinnamon, Nutmegs, Mace, Cardamons, 〈◊〉, yellow Sanders, of each half an 〈◊〉, wood of Aloes one 〈◊〉, the best 〈◊〉, the stones being taken out, half a pound, digest thêm six weeks, then strain it, and filter it, and add to it, prepared Pearls two drachms, Emeralds prepared a scruple, Ambergreese, Musk, Saffron, of each half a scruple, red Roses dried, red Sanders, of each half an ounce, yellow Sanders, Citron pills dried, of each one drachm; let the Species being tied up in a rag, be hung into the aforegoing Spirit. Culp] Although I could have easily been brought to believe, that the College never intended the company of Apothecaries any good, yet before I read this Receipt; I could not conceit they willingly intended to impose impossibilities upon them; I could wish the Apothecaries would desire to be certified by the College. A. 1. Whether the Gallon of Lavender flowers must be filled by heap, or by strike. A. 2. Next, whether the flowers must be pressed down in the Measure, or not. A. 3. How much must be drawn off in the first distillation. A. 4. Where they should get Orange leaves and flowers fresh gathered. A. 5. What they mean by Convenient Digestion. A. 6. Where you shall find borage, Bugloss, and Cowslips 〈◊〉 together, that so you may have them all fresh according to their prescript, the one flowering in the latter end of April, and beginning of May, the other in the end of June, and beginning of July. A. 7. If they can make a shift to make it (which is a task almost, if not altogether, as hard as to piss down Paul's, how, or which way the virtues of it will countervail the one half of the charge and cost, to leave the pains and trouble out. 〈◊〉 Dr. Ignoramus followed Mathias and never considered he lived in a different Climate. Spiritus Castorii. Page 32. in the Latin Book. Or, Spirit of Castorium. The College] Take of fresh Castorium four ounces, Lavender flower an ounce, the tops of Sage, and Rosemary, of each half an ounce, Cinnamon six drams, Mace, Cloves, of each two drachms, Spirit of Wine rectified six pound.; digest them in a Phial filled only to the third part, close stopped with cork and bladder, in warm ashes for two days, then distilled in * A table at the latter end shall instruct you in all such crabbed words. Balneo Mariae, and the distilled water kept close stopped. Culpeper] A. By reason of its heat it is no ways fit to be taken alone, but mixed with other convenient medicines, apropriated to the diseases you would give it for; It resists poison, and helps such as are bitten by venomous beasts, it causeth speedy delivery to women in travail, and casteth out the after birth, it helps the fits of the mother, Lethargies, and Convulsions; being mixed with white. Wine, and dropped into the ears, it helps deafness, if stopping be the cause of it: the dose to be given inwardly, is between one drachm, and half a drachm according to the age and strength of the patient. Aqua Petasitidis composita. Page 32. in Latin Book. Or, Compound water of 〈◊〉- Burrs. The College] Take of the fresh roots of Butter Burr bruised, one pound and an half; the roots of Angelica, and Master-wort, of each half a pound; steep them in ten pints of strong Ale, then distil them, till the change of the taste gives testimony that the strength is drawn out. Culpeper] A. This water is very effectual, being mixed with other convenient cordials, for such as have pestilential fevers; also a spoonful taken in the morning, may prove a good preservative in pestilential times: it helps the fits of the mother, and such as are short wound, and being taken inwardly, dries up the moisture of such sores as are hard to be cured. Aqua Raphani Composita. Page 33. in the Latin B. Compound water of Rhadishes. The College] Take of the leaves of both sorts of Scurvygrass, of each six pound; having bruised them, press the 〈◊〉 out of them, with which mix of the Juice of Brooklime, and Water-cesses, of each one pound and an half, of the best white wine eight pound, twelve whole Lemons, pills and all, fresh 〈◊〉 roots four pound, the roots of wild Radishes two pound; Capt. winters Cinnamon half a pound, Nutmegs four ounces; steep them altogether and then distil them. Culpeper] A. In their former Dispensatory, when they had that Ingenuity left to confess where they had their medicines; I gave them a modest term, and said they borrowed them from such or such an Author; but now all ingenuity hath left them, and nothing but Self remains in them, and they abscond their Authors; I know not what to say, unless I should say they: stole them: whether this be their own or not I know not, 'tis something like them, a churlish medicine, to a churlish College; I fancy it not, and so I leave it; I suppose they intended it for purgation of women in childbed, and 'tis as fit for it, as a Sow is for a Saddle. Aqua Peoniae Composita. Page 33. in the Latin B. Or, Compound water of Peony. The College] Take of the flowers of Lilies of the valley, one pound; infuse them in four gallons of Spanish Wine, so long till the following flowers may be had fresh. Take of the fore named flowers half a pound, Peony flowers four ounces; steep them together fourteen days, then distil them in Balneo Mariae till they be dry, in the distilled liquor, infuse again male Peony roots, gathered * And that is they know not when: I, you will be precise in your time, let it be in the hour and day of the Sun, he rising in the lion, and the moon applying to his ⚹ or △. in due time, two ounces and an half, white Dittany, long Birthwort, of each half an ounce, the leaves of Misleto of the Oak, and Rue, of each two handfuls, Peony seeds husked ten drachms, Rue seeds three drachms and an half, Castorium two scruples, Cubebs, Mace, of each two drachms, 〈◊〉 an ounce and an half, Squils' prepared three drachms, Rosemary flowers six pugils, Arabian 〈◊〉, Lavender, of each four pugils, the flowers of Betony, Clovegilliflowers, and Cowslips, of each eight pugils; then adding four pound of the Juice of black cherries: Distil it in a glass still, till it be dry. Culpeper] A. It seems the College was shrewdly put to it, to alter the name of this Receipt, from Langius his Antepileptical water, to Compound water of Peony, a new trick to cheat the world, and they have also altered some few things not worth the noting. A. If the Authority of Erastus, or daily experience will serve the turn, than was this Receipt chiefly compiled against the Convulsion fits, but the derivation of the word notes it to be prevalent against the falling sickness also, for 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Greek, signifies Falling sickness; and indeed Erastus and experience pleads for this also: It is true, the Composition of Erastus differs from this, and so doth another recited by Johannes Langius; but it seems our Physicians (for some reasons best known to themselves) esteemed this the best at this time, for their minds are mutable. A. Well then, having now learned the virtues of the Water, a word or two of the Use will not be amiss. Erastus was of opinion that both these diseases were caused by the Moon (and so am I of that opinion also, for I know some at this time that are constantly troubled with the falling sickness, only at the new and full Moons; I could give reasons for this judgement of Erastus but I am unwilling to be tedious.) Then saith he, if the disease come daily, let a spoonful to it be taken morning and evening, if weakly, then let it be taken only at the new and full Moon, and at her quartiles to the Sun, if it begin to wear away, then only twice a month viz. at the new and full Moon will suffice. It profits also in time of the fit, by rubbing their temples, nostrils, and jaws with it. Aqua Bezoartica. 34. in the Latin Book. Or, Bezoar Water. The College] Take of the leaves of Sullendine roots and all, three handfuls and an half, Rue two handfuls, Scordium four handfuls, Dittany of crete, Carduus, of each one handful and an half, Zedoary, and Angellica roots, of each three drachms, Citrons, and Lemmon pills, of each six drachms, Clovegilliflowers one ounce and an half, red Roses, Centaury the less, of each two drachms, Cinnamon, Cloves of each three drachms, Venus' Treacle three ounces, Mithridate one ounce and an half, Camphire two scruples, Troches of vipers two ounces, Mace two drachms, wood of Aloes half an ounce, yellow Sanders one drachm and an half, Cardus seeds one ounce, Citron seeds six drachms; let them be cut, and infused in Spirit of Wine, and Malaga Wine, of each three pound and an half, Vinegar of Clovegilliflowers, juice of Lemons, of each one pound, and distilled in a glass still in Balneo Mariae; after it is half stilled off, the residue may be strained through a linen cloth, and be reduced to the thickness of Honey, and called the Bezoartick extract. Culpeper] A. Extracts have the same virtues with the waters they are made from, only the different form is to please the acquaint palates of such whose fancy loathes any one particular form. A. This Bezoar water strengtheneth the heart, Arteries and spirit vital: It provoketh sweat, and is exceeding good in pestilential fevers, in health it withstands melancholy and consumptions, and makes a merry blithe cheerful creature. Of the extract you may take ten grains at a time or somewhat more if your body be not feverish; half a spoonful of water is sufficient at a time and that mixed with other cordials or medicines apropriated to the disease that troubles you, which the Table at the latter end of the Book will direct you to. And take this for a general rule, when any thing is too hot to take it by itself, resort to the Table of diseases, which will amply furnish you with what to mix it, and especially the cold waters, the virtues of which you have amply in this third Edition: This is Langius Receipt, though the College would have no body know it. Aqua et Spiritus Lumbricorum Magistralis. P. 34. L. B. Or, Water and Spirit of Earthworms. The College] Take of Earthworms well cleansed, three pound, Snails with shells on their backs cleansed, two Gallons; beat them in a mortar, and put them into a convenient vessel, adding stinging Nettles, roots and all, six handfuls, wild Angellica four handfuls, Brank ursine seven handfuls, Agrimony, Betony, of each three handfuls, Rue one handful, common Wormwood two handfuls, Rosemary flowers six ounces, Dock roots ten ounces, the roots of Sorrel five ounces, Turmerick, the inner bark of Barberries, of each four ounces, Fenugreek seeds two ounces, Cloves three ounces, Hartshorn, Ivory in gross powder, of each four ounces, Saffron three drachms, small Spirit of Wine four gallons and an half; after twenty four hours infusion, distil them in an Alembick. Let the four first pounds be reserved for Spirit, the rest for water. Culpeper] A. 'Tis a mess of Altogether; it may be they intended it for an Universal medicine. Aqua Gentianae composita, Page 35. in the Latin B. Or, Gentian Water Compound. The College] Take of Gentian roots sliced, one pound and an half, the leaves and flowers of Centaury the less, of each four ounces; steep them eight da●● in twelve pound of white Wine, then distil them in an Alembick. Culpeper] A. It conduceth to preservation from ill air, and pestilential fevers, it opens obstructions of the Liver, and helps such as they say are Liver grown, it easeth pains in the stomach, helps digestion, and easeth such as have pains in their bones by ill lodging abroad in the cold, it provokes appetite, and is excellent good for the yellow jaundice, as also for prickings or stitches in the sides; it provokes the terms, and expels both birth and afterbirth; it is naught for women with child: If there be no fever, you may take a spoonful or taster full by itself, if there be, you may if you please mix it with some cooler medicine apropriated to the same use you would give it for. Aqua Gilberti. Page 35. in the Latin Book. Or, Gilberts Water. The College] Take of Scabious, Burnet, Dragons, Bawm, Angellica, Pimpernel with purple flowers, Tormentil roots and all, of each two handfuls; let all of them being rightly gathered and prepared, be steeped in four gallons of Canary Wine, still off three gallons in an Alembick, to which add three ounces of each of the cordial flowers, Clovegilliflowers six ounces, Saffron half an ounce, Turmerick two ounces, Galanga, Bazil seeds, of each one drachm, Citron pills one ounce, the seeds of Citrons, and Cardus, Cloves, of each five drachms, Hartshorn four ounces; steep them twenty four hours, and then distil them in Balneo Mariae; to the stilled water add Pearls prepared, an ounce and an half, red Coral, Crabs eyes, white Amber, of each two drachms, Crabs claws six drams, Bezoar Ambergreese, of each two scruples, steep them six weeks in the Sun in a vessel well stopped, often shaking it, than filter it (you may keep the powders for Sp. cord. temp.) by mixing twelve ounces of Sugar candy, with six ounces of red Rose water, and four ounces of Spirit of Cinnamon with it. Culpeper A. I suppose this was invented for a cordial, to strengthen the heart, to relieve languishing nature, it is exceeding dear; I forbear the dose, they that have money enough to make it themselves, cannot want time to stady both the virtues and dose; I would have Gentlemen men to be studious. A. Only one thing I would demand of the College that makes their brags so much of minding their Country's good, these same species which they appoint to be left (after use in this medicine) for Species Cordiales Temperatae. Doth the virtue come out of them in this medicine or not? if not, why are they put in? if yes, then will the Species cordiales Temperatae be like themselves, viz. good for nothing but to deceive people. Aqua Cordialis 〈◊〉 〈◊〉. Page 36. in Lat. B. The College] Take of the Juice of borage, Bugloss, Bawm, Bistort, Tormentil, Scordium, Vervain, Sharp-pointed dock, Sorrel, Goat's Rue, 〈◊〉, blue Bottle great and small, Roses, Marigolds, Lemons, Citrons, of each six ounces, Bnrnet: Sinksoyl, of each three ounces, white Wine Vinegar one pound, Purslain seeds two ounces, Citron and Cardus seeds, of each half an ounce, Water Lily flowers two ounces, the flowers of borage, Bugloss, Violets, 〈◊〉, of each one ounce, Diatrion Santalon six 〈◊〉; let all of them being rightly prepared, be infused three days, then distilled in a glass still; to the distilled Liquor add earth of Lemnos Siletia, and Samos, of each one ounce and an half, Pearls prepared with the juice Citrons, three drachms, mix them, and keep them together. Culpeper] A. No sooner had I translated their old Dispensatory (which should have been Authentic till doom's day in the afternoon had not I done it) to work go they and make another such a one as 〈◊〉 and then the old one is thrown by like an old Almanac out of 〈◊〉; some final alterations they have made in some medicines (of which this is one) not worth speaking of, yet will they serve to vapour with, look here quoth they here's such a thing altered, here is a grain and an half put in, where there was but a grain before, the other is dangerous and destructive to the Commonwealth, and so care not a straw for defaming their predecessors; nay some of their own handy works, so they may but uphold their own interests and unconscionable domineering; thus they serve the poor people just as a Cat serves a Mouse; first play with them, and then eat them up. A. It mightily cools the blood, and therefore profitable in Fevers, and all diseases proceeding of heat of blood it provokes sleep. You may take half an ounce at a time, or two drachms if the party be weak. Aqua Theriacalis. Page 36. in the Latin Book. Or, Treatle Water. The College] Take of the Juice of green Walnuts, 〈◊〉 pound; the juice of 〈◊〉 three pound, juice of Carduus, Marigolds and Bawm, of each two pound, 〈◊〉 Petasitis roots one pound and an half, the roots of 〈◊〉 one pound, Angellica and Master-wort, of each half a pound, the leaves of Scordium four 〈◊〉, old venis 〈◊〉, 〈◊〉, of each eight ounces, Canary Wine twelve pound, Vinegar six pound, juice of Lemons two pound; digest them two days, either in horse-dung or in a bath, the vessel being close shut, then distil them in Sand: in the distillation you may make a theriacal extraction. Culpeper] A. This water is exceeding good in 〈◊〉 Fevers, especially pestilential, it expelleth venomous humours by sweat, it strengtheneth the heart and vitals, it is an admirable counterpoison, special good for such as have the Plague, or are poisoned, or bitten by venomous beasts, and expelleth virulent humours from such as have the French Pocks. If you desire to know more virtues of it, see the virtues of Venus' Treacle. The dose is from a spoonful to an ounce. Aqua Brioniae Composita. Page 37. in the Lat. Book. Or, Briony water Compound. The College] Take of the juice of Briony roots, four pound, the leaves of Rue, and Mugwort, of each two pound, dried Savin three handfuls, Feather-few, Nep, Penyroyal, of each two handfuls, Bazil, Dittany of 〈◊〉, of each one handful and an half, 〈◊〉 pills four ounces, Myrrh two ounces, Castorium one ounce, 〈◊〉 Wine twelve pounds; digest them four days in a convenient vessel, than still them in Balneo Mariae; about the middle of the distillation strain it out, and make an Hysterical extraction of the residue. Culpeper] A. A spoonful of it taken easeth the 〈◊〉 of the mother in women that have them; it potently expels the afterbirth, and clears the body of what a midwife by heedlessness or accident hath left behind, it cleanseth the womb exceedingly, and for that I fancy it much; take not above a taster full at a time, and that in the morning fasting, for it is of a purging quality, and let women with child forbear it. This was called Aqua Histerica in their former Edition; let any body unless it be an Ass be judge if the Colleges intentions in changing the names only of their medicines, the Ingredients being all the very 〈◊〉; If I could not have found out this, I had certainly been as great a fool as themselves. Aqua 〈◊〉. Page 37. in the Latin Book. Or, Imperial Water. The College] Take of dried Citron, and 〈◊〉 pills, Nutmegs, Cloves, 〈◊〉, of each two ounces, the roots of Cyperus, Orris Florentine, Calamus, Aromaticus, of each one ounce, Zedoary, Galanga, Ginger, of each half an ounce; the tops of Lavender, and Rosemary, of each two handfuls, the leaves of Bay, Margerum, Bawm, 〈◊〉, Sage, Time, of each one handful, the flowers of white and Damask Rose fresh, of each half a handful, Rose water four pound white Wine eight pound; let all of them being bruised, and insused twenty four hours, then distil them according to art. Culpeper] A. You must distil it in a Bath, and not in sand: It seems the College were but mean practioners in Alchemy, but in this, and many other Receipts, trusted to that monster called Tradition; therefore take this for a general Aphorism, All gross bodies stilled in sand, will stink egregiously. This so gravelled the College that in their new Dispensatory they quite lest out the manner of distillation. A. It comforts and strengtheneth the heart a 'gainst Faintings, and Swoonings, and it is held to be a preservative against Consumptions and Apoplexies. You may take half a spoonful at a time. Aqua Mirabilis. Page 38. in Lat. Book. The College] Take of Cloves, Galanga, Cubebs, Mace, Cardamons, Nutmegs, Ginger, of each one drachm; 〈◊〉 of 〈◊〉 half a pound; Spirit of wine one pound; white wine three pound; infuse them twenty four hours and draw off two pound with an Alembick. Culpeper] A The Simples also of this regard the stomach, and therefore the water heats cold stomaches: besides Authors say, it preserveth from Apoplexies, and restoreth speech lost. Aqua 〈◊〉. Page 38. in Lat. Book. The College] Take of Scordium, Scabious, Cardus, 〈◊〉, of each two handfuls, Citron and Orange Pills, of each two ounces; the seeds of Citrons, Cardus, Hartwort, Treacle Mustard, of each one ounce; the flowers of Marigolds, and Rosemary of each one handful: cut them and bruise them grossly, then infuse them in four pound of white Wine, and two pound of Cardus Water, in a glass stopped close, and set in the 〈◊〉 or bath for a fortnight, often shaking it, than still it in Balneo Mariae. Let the two first pounds be kept by themselves for use, and the remainder of the distillation by itself: Lastly, mix an ounce of Julep of Alexandria, and a spoonful of Cinnamon water with each pound. Culpeper] A. Aqua 〈◊〉, signifies a Water for Treacle, so than if you put Diascordium to it, it is a water for Diascordium: well then, we will take it for a general water for all Physic. Aqua Caponis. Page 38. in Lat. Book. Or, Capon Water. The College] Take a Capon the guts being pulled out, cut in pieces the fat being taken away, boiled in a g Do so much some of you that know their qualities, as ask them the meaning of this word, [sufficient quantity] I told them of it before, but they are too proud to learn. sufficient quantity of spring water, in a close vessel, take of this broth three pound, borage and Violet Water of each a pound and an half, white Wine one pound; red Rose Leaves two drachms and an half; the flowers of borage, Violets and Bugloss, of each one drachm; pieces of bread hot out of the Oven half a pound; Cinnamon bruised half an ounce; still it in a glass still according to art. Culpeper] A. Divers Physicians have written several Receipts of this water, as Gesner, Andr. è Lacuna, Med. Florent. and Coloniens. But the truth is, this Receipt (although our Physicians conceal it) was borrowed from the Augustan Physicians, and only because they thought (as I suppose) a Capon must not be eaten without bread, they added the bread to it, the rest is verbatim from the Augustan Physicians. A. The Simples are most of them apropriated to the heart, and in truth the the composition greatly nourishes and strengtheneth such as are in consumptions, and restoreth strength lost, either by fevers or other sickness: It is a Sovereign remedy for Hectic fevers, and Marasmos, which is nothing else but a consumption coming from them; let such as are subject to these diseases hold it for a Jewel. Aqua Limacum 〈◊〉. P. 39 Or, Water of Snails. The College] Take of the Juice of * Or Alehoos, which is all one. Ground-Ivy, Coltsfoot, Scabious, Lungwort, of each one pound and an half, the Juice of Purstain, Plantain, a Oak of Capadocia if you can get it. Ambrosia, Paul's Betony, of each a pound; Hogs blood, white Wine, of each four pound; Garden Snails, two pound; dried Tobacco Leaves, eight; powder of Liquor is two ounces; of Alicampane, half an ounce; of Orris an ounce; Cotton seeds, an ounce and 〈◊〉 half; the greater cold seeds, Annis seeds, of each six drachms, Saffron one drachm, the flowers of red Roses, six pugils, of Violets and borage, of each four 〈◊〉, 〈◊〉 them three days warm, and then distil them in a glass still in sand. Culpeper] It purgeth the lungs of phlegm, and helps consumptions there: If you should happen to live where no beetter nor readier Medicine can be gotten, you may use this. Aqua Scordii Composita. Page 29. in the L. Book. Or, Compound Water of Scordium. The College] Take of the Juice of Goats-rue, Sorrel, Scordium, Citrons, of each one pound; London Treacle half a pound; steep it three days and distil it in sand. Culpeper] A. A tasterful taken in the morning preserves from ill airs. Aqua Mariae. Page 39 in the Latin Book. The College] Take of Sugar candy a pound, Canary Wine six ounces, Rose water sour ounces; boylit well into a Syrup, and ad to it Imperial Water two pound, Ambergreese, Musk, of each eighteen grains; Saffron fitfeen grains; yellow Sanders infused in Imperial water two drachms; make ae clear water of it. Culpeper] A. The difference between this and their former Aqua Mariae is this, Here they appoint Imperial Water, and before Aqua 〈◊〉, which they very subtly have left out here: any tooth good Barber, so we may hold up our honour and gains. Both Receipts are very costly, as far beyond the reach of a poor man's purse, as of his brains. Aqua Papaveris Composita. Page 39 in L. Book. Or, Poppy Water Compound. The College] Take of red Poppies, four pound; sprinkle them with white Wine two pound; then distil them in a common still: let the distilled Water be poured upon fresh flowers and repeated three times; to which distilled water ad two * Must they be penny ones, or 〈◊〉 ones? Nutmegs sliced; red Poppy flowers a pugil, Sugar two ounces; set it in the Sun to give it a pleasing sharpness; if the sharpness be more than you would have it, put some of the same water to it which was not set in the Sun; and than it will be a pretty water good for nothing. Aqua Juglandium Composita. Page 40. in L. Book. Or, Walnut Water Compound. The College] Take of green Walnuts a pound and an half, Rhadish roots one pound, green Asarabacea six ounces, Rhadish seeds four ounces: let all of them being bruised be steeped in three pound of white Wine for three days, then distilled in a leaden still till they be dry; And when you have done so, I pray ask the College what it is good for, in truth I know not. Some Waters kind country men, the College have played the men and left out in their new Dispensatory, which were in their old one; and they are these. Mathiolus, his Bezoar Water. The College] Take of Mathiolus his great Antielote, Syrup of Citron Pills, of each one pound; spirit of Wine distilled five times over, five pound: put all these in a glass that is much to big to hold them, stop it close that the spirit fly not out, then shake it together, that the Electuary may be well mingled with the Spirit, so let it stand a month, shaking it together twice a week (for the Electuary will settle to the bottom) The month being ended, power off the clear water into another glass to be kept for your use, stopping it very close with wax and Parchment, else the strength will easily fly away in vapours. Culpeper] A. Mathiolus is very large in commendation of this Water, for (quoth he) four drachms (that is half an ounce) of this water being taken, either by itself, or in the like quantity of good Wine, or any other Cordial Water, so absolutely and speedily cureth the bitings of any venomous beasts whatsoever, that although the danger of death be such, that the patient have lost his speech, sight, and almost all the rest of his senses, yet will he be roused up like a man out of his sleep, to the wonderful admiration of the beholders which he saith he hath proved a h If it want 900. of it, it matters not much, it is but a figure called an Hyperbole: which is as much as to say in English, an Eloquent Lye. thousand times. It draws away poison from the heart, and cures such as have drunk poison, it casts poison out of the stomach by vomit, and helps such as have the pestilence. A. For my own particular part, thus much I can testify by experience in the commendations of it; I have known it given in acute, in peracute fevers with gallant success, and also in Consumptions, yea, in Hectics, and in Galens supposed k Which had it been so, myself had not been alive to have written this Book. incurabe Marasmos, neither hath it miss the desired effects; and therefore out of question it strengtheneth the heart exceedingly, and the spirit vital. It helps in the falling-sickness, apoplexies and convulsion. A. And then your own genius will tell you, this is fittest for cold complexions, cold diseases, and such diseases as the heart is most afflicted in. It is too hot to be taken alone; and half a drachm is the most may be taken at a time. Cinnamon Water. The College] Take of bruised Cinnamon a pound and an half, Spanish Wine twelve pints: Infuse the Cinnamon in the Wine twenty four hours, then distil them in an 〈◊〉; draw out three pints of strong Waters (and small as much as you think sufficient) sweeten it with Sugar sufficiently, and so keep it for your use. Culpeper] A. The virtues are the same that Cinnamon itself hath, to which I refer you. Mathiolus his Cinnamon Water. The College] Take of bruised Cinnamon a pound, put it into a glass still, pouring upon it four pints of Rose water, a pint and an half of Spanish wine, stop the still body close, and place it in a warm bath twenty four hours; then put on the still-head, lute it well, and distil it according to art. Culpeper] A. Mathiolus appoints Wine of Crect four pints, and that is all the alteration. A. The Authors own Judgement is, That it strengthens the brain, heart, liver, stomach, lungs, spleen, and nerves, quickens the sight, resisteth poison, helpeth bitings by venomous beasts, causeth a sweet breath, bringeth down the terms in women, and hath virtue, attenuating, opening, digesting and strengthening. A. The truth is, I believe it prevails in cold diseases, being orderly regulated in quantity, according to the nature of the disease, the age and strength of the patient, and the season of the year; have a care of taking too much of it in fevers. Cinnamon Water made by Infusion. The College] Take of Cinnamon bruised, four ounces; Spirit of Wine, two pints; infuse them together four days, in a large glass close stopped with Cork and a Bladder, shaking the Glass twice a day. Dissolve half a pound of white Sugar Candy, in a quart of Rose water; then mix both these liquors together, then put into them four grains of Musk, and half a scruple of Ambergreese tied up in a linen rag and hung to the top of the glass. Culpeper] In my opinion this latter water is more prevalent for heart-qualms, and faintings than Mathiolus his, neither is it half so hot, therefore more safe. Aqua Coelestis. Mathiolus. The College] Take of Cinnamon an ounce; Ginger half an ounce; white, red, and yellow Sanders, of each six drachms; Cloves, Galanga, Nutmegs, of each two drachms and an half; Mace, Cubebs, of each one drachm; both sorts of Cardamons, Nigella seeds, of each three drachms; Zedoary, half an ounce; seeds of Annis, sweet fennel, wild Parsnips, Bazil, of each a drachm and an half; Roots of Angelica, Avens, Calamus Aromaticus, Liquoris, Valerian the less, the leaves of Clary, Time, Calaminth, Penyroyal, Mints, Mother of Time, Margerum, of each two drachms; the flowers of red Roses, Sage, Rosemary, Betony, Stoechas, Bugloss, borage, of each one drachm and an half; Citron Pills three drachms: Let the things be bruised that are to be bruised, and infused fifteen days in twelve pints of the best spirit of Wine in a glass body well stopped, and then let it be distilled in 〈◊〉 Mariae according to art. Adding to the distilled Water, Powders of Diambra, 〈◊〉 dulce, Aromaticum Rosatum, Diamagariton frigidum, Diathodon Abbatis, powder of Electuary de gemmis, of each three drachms; yellow Sanders bruised two drachms; Musk, Ambergreese, of each a scruple tied up in a fine rag; clear Julip of Roses a pound shake them well together, stopping the glass close with wax and Parchment till it grow clear to be kept for your use. Culpeper] A. It comforteth and 〈◊〉 the heart, reviveth drooping spirit, prevaileth against the plague and all malignant fevers, preserveth the Senses; and restoreth such as are in Consumptions; It is of a hot nature. Let not the quantity taken at a time exceed half a drachm. A. Only take this Caution, both concerning this and all other strong waters; They are not safely given by themselves in Fevers, (because by their hot quality they inflame the blood, and ad fuel to the fire) but mixed with other convenient Cordials, and consideration had to the strength, complexion, habit, age, and sex of the patient: for my own part, I aim sincerely at the public good in writing of this, and therefore as I would not have Physicians domineer; so I would not have fools turn Physicians. Bawm Water: The greater Composition. The College] Take of 〈◊〉 a pound, Time, Penyroyal, of each three drachms; Cinnamon, two drachms; Cardamons the less one drachm: a And they are the greater Cardamons, as most of the Arabian Physicians held. Grains of Paradise half an ounce: Sweet Fennel seeds an ounce; Nutmegs, Ginger, of each a drachm; Galanga, 〈◊〉 drachms; 〈◊〉 Aromaticus, Cyperus, of each one drachm and an half; Dictamni, half a drachm: Let all of them be bruised and infused in eight pints of Spanish Wine, and six pints of strong Ale, for twenty four hours together, and then distilled by an Alembick, draw out of the stronger water three pints. Culpeper] A. The Simples seem chiefly apropriated to the stomach, and therefore must needs strengthen cold and weak stomaches, and help digestion: besides Authors say, It restoreth memory lost, quickkens all the senses, keeps away grey hairs and baldness, strengtheneth the brain, makes the heart cheerful, and helps the lisping of the tongue, easeth the pains of the teeth, and causeth a sweet breath. Rosa 〈◊〉. The College] Take of Nutmegs, Annis seeds, Coriander seeds, of each one ounce; Galanga, Ginger, Cloves, of each half an ounce; red Rose Leaves, one bandful; Ros-solis six handfuls; Liquoris two ounces; Cardamons, Zedoary, Grains of Paradise, Calamus Aromaticus, of each one drachm; red Sanders, Cinnamon, of each an ounce and an half; of the best Aqua vitae, twelve pints: make an infusion of them for eight days, 〈◊〉 strain it and add to the Liquor, one pound and an half of Sugar. Culpeper] A, The Basis of this Medicine, seems to be the Herb Ros-solis, which is of a drying and binding quality, and apropriated to the Lungs, and therefore must needs be available for 〈◊〉, or Consumptions of the Lungs, and because this herb provokes lust exceedingly, I suppose therefore the Rose leaves were added, which according to b Scholar Salem. Authors resist lust. Dr. Stephen's Water. The College] Take of Cinnamon, Ginger, Galanga, Cloves, Nutmegs, Grains of Paradise, Seeds of Annis, Fennel, Caraway, of each one drachm; Herbs of Time, Mother of Time, Mints, Sage, Penyroyal, Pellitory of the Wall, Rosemary, flowers of red Roses, Chamomel, Origanum, Lavender, of each one handful; infuse them twelve hours in twelve 〈◊〉 of Gascoign Wine, then with an Alembick, draw three pints of strong Water from it. Culpeper] A. Authors hold it profitable for women in labour, that it provokes the terms, and brings away the afterbirth. Ordinary Aqua vitae. The College] Distil Ale and Lees of Wine in 〈◊〉 Alembick (whose worm runs through cold Water) into small Wine, in ten Congees of which, 〈◊〉 one pound of bruised Annis seeds, for twenty four hours, than still it again into strong water. Aqua vitae Compound. The College] Is made of small Wines, in six congees of which, infuse Annis seeds half a pound; seeds of Fennel, and Caraway, of each two ounces; Cloves, 〈◊〉 and Ginger, of each one ounce, and then draw the strong Spirit from it. Culpeper] A. This is excellent good in my opinion for such as are troubled with wind. Vsquebach. The College] Take of strong Aqua vitae twenty four pints, in which, for four days infuse a pound of Liquoris, Raisins of the Sun half a pound; Cloves half an ounce; Mace, Ginger, of each two drachms, strain it and keep it for your use. Culpeper] A. It strengthens the stomach, and helps indigestion coming of phlegm and cold. A. It is possible I may have overslipped some others of their Alterations of Names; my time is short, and my understanding dull: and the truth is, their new model shows far more subtlety than honesty. TINCTURES. Tinctura Croci. Page 41. in the Latin Book. Or, Tincture of Saffron. College. TAke two drachms of Saffron, eight ounces of Treacle Water, digest them six 〈◊〉, then strain it. Culpeper] A. See the Virtues of Treacle Water, and then know that this strengthens the heart something more, and keeps melancholy vapours thence by drinking a spoonful of it every morning. Tinctura 〈◊〉. Page 41. in the Latin Book. Or, Tincture of Castorium. The College] Take of Castorium in powder half an ounce; Spirit of Castorium half a pound; digest them ten days cold: strain it, and keep the Liquor for Tincture. Culpeper] A. A learned invention! 'Tis something more prevalent than the Spirit. Tinctura Fragorum. Page 41. in the Latin Book. Or, Tincture of Strawberries. The College] Take of ripe Wood-Strawberries, two pound; put them in a Phiol, and put so much small Spirit of Wine to them, that it may o'ertop them the thickness of four fingers; stop the vessel close, and set it in the Sun two days, then strain it and press it but gently; power this Spirit to as many fresh Strawberries, repeat this six times, at last keep the clear Liquor for your use. Culpeper] A. A gallant fine thing for Gentlemen that have nothing else to do with their money, and it will have a lovely look to please their eyes. Tinctura Scordii. Page 41. in the Latin Book. Or, Tincture of Scordium. The College] Take of the Leaves of Scordium gathered in a dry time, half a pound; digest them in six pound of small spirit of Wine, in a vessel well stopped for three dates, press them out gently, and repeat 〈◊〉 infusion three times, and keep the clarified Liquor for use. So is made Tincture of Sullondine, Restharrow, Ros-solis. Culpeper] A. See the Herbs for the Virtues, and then take notice that these are better for cold stomaches, old bodies. Tictura Theriacalis Vulgo Aqua Theriatalis Lugd. per infus. Page 41. in Lat. Book. Or, Tincture of Treacle. The College] Take of Canary Wine often times distilled, Vinegar in which half an ounce of Rue seeds have been boiled, two pound; choice Treasle, the best Mithridate, of each half a pound; mix them and set them in the Sun, or heat of a Bath, digest them and keep the Water for use. Tinctura Cinnamomi, vulgo, Aqua Clareta Cinnam. Page 42. in the Latin Book. Or, Tincture of Cinnamon. The College] Take of bruised Cinnamon two ounces; rectified Spirit of Wine two pound: infuse them four days in a large glass stopped with Cork and Bladder, shake it twice a day, then dissolve half a pound of Sugar candy by itself in two pound of Rose Water, mix both Liquors, into which hang a Nodule containing, Amber greese half a scruple, Musk four grains. Culpeper] A. This was before amongst the Waters, only there is four ounces of Cinnamon appointed, and here but two. Tictura Viridis. Page 42. in the Latin Book. Or, A Green Tincture. The College] Take of Vert-de-greece, half an ounce; Auripigmentum six drachms; Alum three drachms; boil them in a pound of white vine till half be consumed, adding after it is cold the Water of red Roses, and Nightshade, of each six ounces. Culpeper] A. This was made to cleanse ulcers, but I fancy it not. Aqua Aluminosa Magistralis. Page 42. in the Latin Book. The College] Take of Plantain and red Rose water, of each a pound; roch Alum and sublimatum, of each two drachms: Let the Alum and Sublimatum being in powder boil in the waters, in a vessel with a narrow mouth till half be consumed; when it hath stood five days, strain it. Culpeper] A. Now they have left out the Quicksilver as I bid them, I like men will do as they are bid, yet I fancy it not. Follopius invented it, but you must tell no body. PHYSICAL WINES. Vinum Absynthites. Page 43. in the Latin Book. Or, Wormwood Wine. College] TAke a handful of dried Wormwood for every gallon of Wine; stop it in a vessel close, and so let it remain in steep: so is prepared Wine of Rosemary flowers, and Eye-bright. Culpeper] A. It helps cold stomaches, breaks wind, helps the Wind Colic, strengtheneth the stomach, kills worms, and helps the green sickness. A. Rosemary flower-Wine is made after the same manner that Wormwood Wine is made. A. It is good against all cold diseases of the head, consumeth phlegm, strengtheneth the gums and teeth. A. Eyebright Wine is made after the same manner. A. It wonderfully clears the sight being drunk, and revives the sight of ancient men: A cup of it in the morning is worth a pair of Spectacles. A. All other Wines are prepared in the same manner, when the Physician shall see it fit [quoth the College] in their former, but here they left it out. A. But what if there be never a Physician worth a rush in 20. 30. 40. or 50. miles, (as some such places may be found in this Nation) must the poor Country man lose his cure? truly this charity is according to vulgar Fervent cold: in such cases let them view the virtues of the Simple the Wine is made of, and then let them know the Wine of that Simple is far better and fitter for cold bodies and weak stomaches, than the Simple itself. A. The best way of taking any of these Wines is, To drink a draught of them every morning. You may if you find your body old or cold, make Wine of any other herb, the virtues of which you desire, and make it and take it in the same manner: I have done, only I would know of the College whether their wooden wits intent Sack or white Wine to be used in these. Vinum Cerassorum Nigrorum. Page 43. in Latin B. Or, Wine of Black Cherries. The College] Take a gallon of the juice of black Cherries, keep it in a vessel close stopped till it begin to work, than filter it, and an ounce of Sugar being added to every pound, let it pass through Hypocrates his sleeve, and keep it in a vessel close stopped for use Culpeper] A. If ever I knew the like of the College never trust me, here they go and appoint the Wine of black Cherries with never a drop of Wine in it, and the juice will not keep without it, above a week or so, and so if you are minded to make it, you may by that time sing Alack, alack now have I lost My pains, my labour, and all my cost. A. Or I know not, it may be they followed their Patriarches the Papists, as well in this, as in their reasons, why Physic must not be printed in our mother tongue; and they were minded to pop you off with the juice, and drink all the wine themselves: Or to judge as modestly as can be judged, they were so mad because I had translated their former, that anger so besotted them in this, that they knew not what they wrote. Impedit Ira animum ne possit cernere verum. Unbridled anger takes away men's knowledge; And clouds the The truth (and so it did the College.) Vinum Helleboratum. Page 43. in the Latin B. Or, Wine Helleborated. The College] Take of white Hellebore out small, four ounces, Spanish Wine two pound; steep it in the Sun in a Pbial close stopped, in the Dog days or other hot weather. Culpeper] A. And then it will make a dogged purge, as like the College as a pomewater is like an apple. Vinum Rubellum. Page 43. in the Latin Book. The College] Take of Stibium in powder one ounce, Cloves sliced two drachms, Claret Wine two pound, keep it in a Phial close shut. Vinum Benedictum. Page 43. in the Latin Book. The College] Take of Crocus Mettallorum in powder one ounce, Mace a drachm, Spanish Wine one pound and an half, steep it. Vinum Antimoniale. Pege 43. in the Latin Book. Or, Antimonial Wine. The College] Take of Regulus of Antimony in powder, four ounces, steep it in three pound of white Wine, in a glass well stopped, after the first shaking let the Regulus settle. Culpeper] A. These three last mentioned are vomits, and vomits are fitting medicines for but a few, as I told you before, the mouth being ordained to take in nourishment not to cast out excrements, and to regulate a man's body in vomiting; and doses of of vomits requires, a deeper study in Physic, than I doubt the generality of people yet have; I omit it therefore at this time, not because I gruteh it my Country, but because I would not willingly have them do themselves a mischief, I shall shortly teach, them in what diseases vomits may be used, and then and not till then the use of vomits. Vinum Scilliticum. Page 44. in the Latin Book. Or, Wines of Squils'. The College] Take of a white Squil of the mountains, gathered about the rising of the 〈◊〉 star, cut in thin pieces, and dried for a month, one pound, put it in a glass bottle, and pour to it eight pound of french Wine, and when it hath stood so four days, take out the Squil. Culpeper] A. I told told them before that Squils grew by the Sea side, and not upon mountains; but a man shall, as soon knock a Sponge into a millstone, as any wit into the head of a conceited fool; and then again it must be gathered at the rising of the dog-star; yes forsooth by all means: truly right worshipful against the time you are minded to play the antics again, I will give you as much directions in this business, as is needful to give men of your Rank and quality. Therefore know, that the dogs are two constellations between the Equator and the South pole, consisting of divers Stars, two of which are most remarkable, and of the first magnitude, whereof that in the great dog is called Syejus: that in the 〈◊〉, protion, each of these two Stars hath three risings, Acronical, Cosmical, and Heliacal, and as many settings. I dare pass my word it is not the Heliacal rising here meant; If it be, I hope so learned a College is not to seek of finding such a 〈◊〉 out, protion riseth Acronically upon the fifteen or sixteen of January; Syejus upon the twenty six or twenty seven of the same month, protion riseth Cosmically upon the ninteenth of July, and 〈◊〉 upon the last day of the same month: the next time you write, pray lay your noddles together; to study out at which of these times the Squil must be gathered. A. The virtues of this are the same with Vinegar of Squils', only 'tis hotter. PHYSICAL VINEGERS. Acetum Distillatum. Page 45. in the Latin Book. Or, Distilled Vinegar. College FIll a glass or stone Alembick with the best Vinegar to the third part, separate the 〈◊〉 with a gentle fire, then increase the fire by degrees, and perform the work. Acetum Rosatum. Page 45. in the Latin Book. Or, Rose Vinegar. The College] Take of red Rose buds gathered in a dry time, the whites cut off, dried in the shadow three or four days, one pound, Vinegar eight Sextaries; set them in the Sun forty days, then strain out the Roses, and repeat the infusion with fresh ones. After the same manner is made Vinegar of Elder-flowers, Rosemary flowers, and Clovegilliflowers. Culpeper] A. For the virtues of all Vinegers take this one only observation, they carry the same virtues with the flowers whereof they are made, only as we said of Wines, that they were better for cold bodies than the bare Simples whereof they are made, so are Vinegers for hot bodies. Besides Vinegers are often, nay most commonly used externally, viz. to bathe the place, then look a mongst the Simples, and see what place of the body the Simple is apropriated to, and then you cannot choose but know (if you have but a grain of understanding, more than a beast) both what Vinegar to use, and to what place to apply 〈◊〉. Acetum Scilliticum. Page 45. in the Latin Book. Or, Vinegar of Squils'. The College] Take of that part of the Squil which is between the outward bark and the bottom, cut in thin slices, and placed thirty or forty days in the Sun or some remiss heat, than a pound of them (being cut small with a knife made of Ivory or some white wood) being put in a vessel, and six pound of Vinegar put to them; set the vessel being close stopped in the Sun thirty or forty days, afterwards strain it, and keep it for use. Culpeper] A. A little of this medicine being taken in the morning fasting, and walking half an hour after, preserves the body in health, to extreme old age, (as Sanius tried, who using no other medicine but this, lived in perfect health till an hundred and seventeen years of age) it maketh the digestion good, a long wind, a clear voice, an acute sight, a good colour, it suffers no offensiye thing to remain in the body, neither wind, phlegm, choler, melancholy, dung nor urine, but brings them forth, it brings forth filth though it lie in the bones, it takes away salt and sour belchings, though a man be never so d I would not have Galens judgement tried in this partiticular, it is far safer to take it upon his word. licentious in diet, he shall feel no harm; It hath cured such as have the Phtisick, that have been given over by all Physicians: It cures such as have the Falling-sickness, gouts, and diseases and swellings of the Joints; It takes away the hardness of the liver and spleen. We should never have done if we should reckon up the particular benefits of this medicine; Therefore we commend it, as a wholesome medicine for soundness of body, preservation of health, and vigour of mind: thus 〈◊〉. Acetum Theriacale Norimberg. Page 46. in Lat. B. Or, Treacle Vinegar. The College] Take of the roots of Sullendine the greater, one ounce and an half, the roots of Angellica, Master-wort, Gentian, Bistort, Valerian, Burnet, white Dittany; Alicampane, Zedoary, of each one drachm, of Plantain the greater one drachm and an half, the leaves of Mousear, Sage, Scabious, Scordium, Dittany of Crect, Cardus, of each half a handful, bark and seeds of Citrons, of each half a drachm, Bowl Armenick one drachm, Saffron three drachms, Harts-born one drachm and an half; of these let the Saffron, Hartshorn, Dittany, and Bole, be tied up in a rag, and steeped with the things before mentioned, in five pints of Vinegar, for certain days by a temperate heat in a glass well stopped, strain it, and add six drachms of the best Treacle to it, shake it together, and keep it for your use. Acetum Theriacale. 46. in the Latin Book. Or, Treacle Vinegar. The College] Add to the description of Treacle water, Clovegilliflowers two ounces, Lavender flowers an ounce and an half, Rose, and Elder flower Vinegar, of each four pound, digest it without boiling three days, then strain it through Hypocrates his sleeve. Culpeper] A. See Treacle water for the virtues, only this is a little more cool, a little more fantastical. DECOCTIONS. Decoctum Commune pro Clystere. Page 47. in Lat B. Or, A common Decoction for a Cylster. The College] Take of Mallows, Violets, Pellitory, Beets, and Mercury, Chamomel flowers, of each one handful, sweet Fennel seeds half an ounce, Linseeds two drachms, boil them in a sufficient quantiiy of common water to a pound. Culpeper] A. This is the common Decoction for all Clysters, according to the quality of the humour abounding, so you may add what Simples, or Syrups, or Electuaries you please; only half a score Linseeds, and a handful of Chamomel flowers are added. Decoctum Fpythimi. Page 47. in the Latin Book. Or, A Decoction of Epithimum. The College] Take of Myrobalans, Chebs, and Indieses, of each half an ounce, 〈◊〉, Raisins of the Sun stoned, Epithimum, Senna, of each one ounce, Fumitory half an ounce, Mandlin five drachms, Polipodium six drachms, Turbith half an ounce, Whey made with Goat's milk, or Heisers milk four pound, let them all boil to two pound, the Epithimum excepted, which boil but a walm or two, then take it from the 〈◊〉, and add black Hellebore one drachm and an half, Agrick half a drachm, Sal. Gem. one drachm and an half, sleep them ten hours, then press it strongly out. Culpeper] A. Here is half a drachm of black Hellebore added, and I like the Receipt never the better for that. A. It purgeth melancholy gallantly, as also addust choler, it resisteth madness, and all diseases coming of melanchelly, and, therefore let melancholy people esteem it as a jewel. A. I cannot but commend it to such of my Country men as abound with melancholy humours: Let them take a quarrer of a pint of this in the morning, and keep by the fire side all day; imagine they take it at six of the Clock, then let them drink a draught of posset-drink at eight, and eat a bit of hot Mution at twelve, if their bodies be strong, (for people oppressed with Melancholy, usually go hardly to stool, by reason it is a retentive humour) Let them mix those Syrups (which I shall quote when I come to them) with it, and I dare hazard that small credit I have in Physic, that it shall in a few mornings fetch them out of their Melancholy dumps, which though they may seem pleasing, yet are no way profitable to the body of man, especially if the body be troubled also with [ill tumours] I know not what better word to give [Cacochynna.] Decoctum Sennae Gereonis. Page 47. in the Lat. Book. Or, A Decoction of Senna. The College] Take of Senna two ounces, Pollipodium half an ounce, Ginger one drachm, Raisins of the Sun stoned two ounces, See bestens, Prunes, of each twelve, the flowers of borage, Violets, Roses, and Rosemary, of each two drachms; boil them in four pound of water till half be consumed. Culpeper] A. It is a common Decoction for any purge, by adding other Simples or Compounds to it, according to the quality of the humour you would have purged, yet in its self, it chiefly purgeth melancholy. I shall quote it when I come at such Compounds as are fit to mix with it. Decoctum Pectorale. Page 48. in the Latin Book. Or, A Poctoral Decoction. The College] Take of Raisins of the Sun stoned, an ounce, Sebastian oftens, Jujubes, of each fifteen, Dates six, Figs four, french Barley one ounce, Liquoris half an ounce, Maidenhair, Hyssop, Scabious, Colts-foot of each one handful, boil them in three pound of water till two remain. Culpeper A. The medicine is chiefly apropriated to the Lungs, and therefore causeth a clear voice, a long wind, resisteeh coughs, hoarceness, Asthmaes etc. You may drink a quarter of a pint of it every morning, without keeping any diet, for it purgeth not. I shall quote some Syrups fitting to be mixed with it, when I come to the Syrups. Decoctum Trumaticum. Page 48. in the Latin Book. The College] Take of Agrimony, Mugwort, * And why wild? I know no reason, nor a horse that hath a bigger head than I. The garden is best. wild Angelica, St. John's wort, Mousear, of each two handfuls; Wormwood half a handful; Southernwood, Betony, Bugloss, 〈◊〉 the greater and lesser, roots and all, Avens, both sorts of Plantain, Sanicle, Tormentil with the roots, the buds of Raspberries and Oak, of each a handful: all these being gathered in May or June and diligently dried, let them be cut and put up in skins or papers against the time of use; then take of the fore named Herbs three handfuls, boil them in four pound of Conduit water, and two pound of white Wine gently till half be consumed; strain it, and a pound of Honey being added to it, let it be scummed and kept for use. Culpeper] A. 〈◊〉 sight of a Medicine will do you good, this is as like to do it as any I know. Some they have left out in their new Model, which are these that follow: A Carminative Decoction. College] TAke of the c You must bruise the seeds, else the Decoction will be but little the 〈◊〉 for them. seeds of Annis, Carrots, Fennel, Cummin, and Caraway, of each three drachms; Chamomel flowers half a handful; 〈◊〉 of the Sun an ounce and an half: boil them in two pints of water, till almost half 〈◊〉 sumed. Culpeper] A. It is commonly used in Clysters, to such whose bodies are molested or oppressed with wind, these seeds being added to the former Decoction. A Decoction of Flowers and Fruits. The College] Take five Figs, fifteen Prunes, Jujubes, and 〈◊〉, of each twenty, Tamarinds an ounce, the flowers of Roses, Violets, borage, Bugloss, of each a drachm; Maidenhair, Hops, Endive, of each half an handful, Liquoris two drachms: being cut and bruised, boil them in three pints of spring Water to the consumption of the third part. Culpeper] A. It strengthens the Lungs, and helps Obstruction. Lac Virgineum. The College] Take of Alum four ounces, boil it in a quart of spring Water, to the third part: Afterwards, Take of d Beaten into very fine powder. lethargy half a pound, white Wine Vinegar a pint and an half; boil it to a pint, strain both the waters, then mix them together, and 〈◊〉 them about till they are white. Culpeper] A. It takes away Pimples, redness, freckles and sunburning, the face being washed with it. A Drink for wounded men. The College] Take of Crabs of the River calcined, and beaten into very fine powder, two drachms; the roots of round Birthwort, and of Comfry the greater, selfheal, Bay-berries lightly bruised, of each one drachm; tie them all up in a linen cloth, and boil them in three pints of white Wine till the third part be consumed, adding about the middle of the Decoction, one pugil of h The 〈◊〉 not the fish. Periwinkles, then strain it for your use. This Decoction must be prepared only for the present, when the Physician appoints it, as also must almost all the rest of the Decoctions. Culpeper] A. And therefore left my poor wounded Country man should perish for want of an Angel to fee 〈◊〉 k Too many Physicians in England being like Balaams' Ass, they will not speak unless they see an Angel: yet I accuse not all. Physician, or if he have it, before the Physician (which in some places is very remote) can come at him: I have taken the pains to write the Receipt in his own Mother tongue; he may get any friend to make it: He may drink half a pint of it in the morning; or if he please to boil it in small Ale instead of Wine; he would be well the sooner if he drunk no other drink. SYRUPS. ALTERING SYRUPS. Syrupus de Absinthio Symplex. Pag. 49. in Lat. Book. OR Syrup of Wormwood, Simple. The College. TAke of the clarified Juice of common Wormwood, clarified Sugar, of each four pound; make it into a Syrup according to art. After the same manner, are prepared simple Syrups of Betony, borage, Bugloss, Cardus, Chamomel, Succory, Endive, Hedg-mustard, Strawberries, Fumitory, Ground-Ivy, St. John's wort, Hops, Mercury, Mousear, Plantain, Apples, Purslain, Raspberries, Sage, Scabious, Scordium, Housleek, Coltsfoot, Paul's Betony, and other Juices not sour. Culpeper. A. See the Simples, and then you may easily know both their virtues and also that they are pleasanter and fitter for delicate stomaches when they are made into Syrups. Syrupus de Absinthio Compositus. 49. in the Lat. B. OR Syrup of Wormwood, Compound. The College. Take of common Wormwood meanly dry, half a pound, red Roses two ounces, Indian Spicknard three drachms, old white Wine, Juice of Quinces, of each two pound and an half; steep them a whole day in an earthen vessel, then boil them gently, and strain it, and by adding two pound of Sugar boil it into a Syrup according to art. Culpeper. A. Mesue is followed verbatim in this; and the Receipt is apropriated to cold and phlegmatic stomaches, and in my opinion 'tis an admirable remedy for it, for it strengthens both stomach and liver, as also the instruments of concoction; a spoonful taken in the morning, is admirable for such as have a weak digestion, it provokes an appetite to ones victuals, it prevails against the yellow Jaundice, breaks wind, purgeth humours by urine. It was Roman Wormwood before, and so Mesue hath it, and our College is as well able to correct Mesue as the Pigmies were to beat Hercules. Syrupus Acetosus Symplex. Pag. 50. in the L. Book. OR Syrup of Vinegar Simple. The College. Take of clear Water four pound, white Sugar five pound, boil them in a glazed vessel over a gentle fire, scumming it till half the water be consumed, then by putting in two pound of Wine Vinegar by degrees, perfect the Syrup. Culpeper. A. That is, Only melt the Sugar with the Vinegar over the fire, scum it, but boil it not. Syrupus Acetosus Simplicior. Pag. 50. in the L. Book. OR Syrup of Vinegar more Simple. The College. Take of white Sugar five pound, white Wine Vinegar two pound, by melting it in a bath, make it into a Syrup. Culpeper. A. Of these two Syrups let every one use which he finds by experience to be best; the difference is but little, I hold the last to be the best of the two, and would give my reasons for it, but that I fear the Book will swell too big: They both of them cut phlegm, as also tough, hard, viscous humours in the stomach; they cool the body, quench thirst, provoke urine, and propare the stomach before the taking of a vomit. If you take it as a prepatative for a vomit, take half an ounce of it when you go to bed the night before you intent to vomit, it will make you to vomit the easier, but if for any of the foregoing occasins, take it with a Liquoris stick. Syrupus Acetosus Compositus. Pag. 50. in the L. Book. OR Syrup of Vinegar Compound. The College. Take of the Roots of Smallage, Fennel, Endive, of each three ounces; the seeds of Annis, Smallage, Fennel, of each one ounce; of Endive half an ounce, clear Water six pound; boil it gently in an earthen vessel till half the Water be consumed, than strain and clarify it, and with three pound of Sugar, and a pound and an half of white wine Vinegar, boil it into a Syrup. Culpeper. A. This in my opinion is a gallant Syrup for such whose bodies are stuffed either with phlegm, or tough humours, for it opens obstructions or stops both of the stomach, liver, spleen, and reins; it cuts and brings away tough phlegm and choler, and is therefore a special remedy for such as have a 〈◊〉 at their stomach. Mesue prescribes ten 〈◊〉 of Water, and a quart of Vinegar, let every one use which Dr Experience tells him is best. Syrupus de Agno Casto. Pag. 50. In the L. Book. O R Syrup of Agnus Castus. The College. Take of the seeds of Rue, and Hemp, of each half a drachm; of Endive, Lettuce, Purslain, Guords, Melones, of each two drachms; of Fleawort half an ounce, of Agnus Castus four ounces, the Flowers of Water-lilies, the Leaves of Mints, of each half a handful; Decoction of seeds of Lentils, and Coriander seeds, of each half an ounce, three pound of the Decoction, boil them all over a gentle fire till two pound be consumed, ad to the residue being strained, two ounces Juice of Lemons, a pound and an half of white Sugar, make it into a Syrup according to art., A. A pretty Syrup and good for little. Syrupus de Althaea. Pag. 51. In the L. Book. O R Syrup of Marsh-Mallows. The College. Take of Roots of Marsh-Mallows two ounces, the Roots of Grass Sparagus, Liquoris, Raisins of the Sun stoned, of each half an ounce, the tops of Mallows, Marsh-Mallows, Pellitory of the Wall, Burnet, 〈◊〉, Maidenhair white and black, of each a handful red 〈◊〉 an ounce, of the * What they are see at the end of the Simples, and before the Compounds in this Book. four greater and four lesser cold seeds, of each three drachms, boil them in six pound of cleerr Water till four remain, which being strained, boil into a Syrup with four pound of white Sugar. Culpeper. A. It is a fine cooling, opening, slippery Syrup, and chiefly commendable for the colic, stone, or gravel, in the kidneys or bladder. A. I shall only give you a Caution or two concerning this Syrup, which for the forenamed effects, I hold to be excellent. A. 1. Be sure you boil it enough, for if you boil it never so little too little, it will quickly be sour. A. 2. For the Colic (which is nothing else but an infirmity in the gut called Colon and thence it takes its name) you had best use it in Clysters, but for gravel or the stone, drink it in convenient Medicines, or by itself; If both of them afflict you use it both ways: I assure you this medicine will save those that are subject to such diseases, both money and misery. Syrupus de Ammoniaco. Pag. 51. In the L. Book. O R Syrup of Ammoniacum. The College. Take of Maudlin and Cetrach, of each four handfuls; common Wormwood an ounce, the Roots of Succory, Asparagus, bark of Caper Roots, of each two ounces, after due preparation sleep them twenty four hours in three ounces of white Wine, Rhadish and fumitory water, of each 2. pound, then boil it away to one pound eight ounces, let it settle, in four ounces of which whilst it is warm, dissolve by itself Gum Ammoniacum, first dissolved in white Wine Vinegar, two ounces, boil the rest with a pound and an half of white Sugar into a Syrup, adding the mixtures of the Gum at the end. Culpeper. A. It cools the Liver, and opens obstructions both of it and the Spleen, helps old Surfeits and suchlike diseases, as scabs, itch, leprosy, and what else proceed from the Liver overheated; you may take an ounce at a time. Syrupus de Artemisia. Pag. 51. In the L. Book. O R Syrup of Mugwort. The College. Take of Mugwort two handfuls, Penyroyal, Calaminth, Origanum, Bawm, Arsmart, Dictani of Crect, Savin, Marsoram, Germander, St. john's Wort, 〈◊〉, Featherfew with the Flowers, Centaury the less, Rue, Bettony, Bugloss, of each a handful; the Roots of Fennel, Smallage, Parsley, Sparagus, Bruscus, Saxifrage, Alicampane, Cyperus, Maddir, Orris, Peony, of each an ounce; Juniper Berries, the seeds of Lovage, Parsly, Smallage, Annis, Nigella, Carpobalsamum or Cubebs, Costus, Cassia Lignea, Cardamons, Calamus Aromaticus, the Roots of Asarabacca, Pellitory of Spain, Valerian, of each half an ounce; being cleansed, cut, and bruised, let them be infused twenty four hours in fourteen pound of clear water, and boiled till half be consumed, being taken off from the fire and rubbed between your hands, whilst it is warm, strain it, and with Honey and Sugar of each two pound, sharp Vinegar four ounces, boil it to a Syrup, and perfume it with Cinnamon and spikenard, of each three drams. Culpeper. A. It helps the passion of the matrix, and retains it in its place, it dissolves the coldness wind, and pains thereof, it strengthens the nerves, opens the pores, corrects the blood, it corrects and provokes the terms in women. You may take a handful of it at a time. Syrupus de Betonica Compositus. Pag. 52. In L. Book. O R, Syrup of Betony Compound. The College. Take of Betony three handfuls, Marsoram a handful and an half; Time, red Roses, of each a handful; Violets, Stoechas, Sage, of each half a handful; the seeds of Fennel, Annis, and Ammi, of each half an ounce; the roots of Peony, Polypodium, and Fennel, of each five drachms; boil them in six pound of river water to three pound, strain it, and ad juice of Betony two pound, Sugar three pound and an half, make it into a Syrup. Culpeper. A. It helps diseases coming of cold, both in the head and stomach, as also such as come of wind, vertigoes, madness, it concocts melancholy, it provokes the terms in women, and so doth the Simple Syrup more than the Compound. The Composition was framed by the Augustan Physicians. Certainly our Physicians have but shallow brains, that they are fain to troth as far as Ausberg in Germany to steal Receipts. Syrupus Byzantinus, Simple. Page 53. In the Latin Book. The College. Take of the Juice of the Leaves of Endive and Smallage, of each two pound; of Hops and Bugless, of each one pound; boil them together, and scum them, and to the clarified Liquor, ad four pound of white Sugar, to as much of the Juices, and with a gentle fire boil it to a Syrup. Syrupus Byzantinus, Compound. Page 53. In the Latin Book. The College. Take of the Juices so ordered as in the former, four pound, in which boylred Roses two ounces, Liquoris half an ounce, the seeds of Annis, Fennel, and Smallage, of each three drachms, Spicknard two drams, strain it, and to the three pound remaining, ad two pound of Vinegar, four pound of Sugar, make it into a Syrup according to art. Culpeper. A. They both of them (viz. both Simple and Compound) opens stops of the stomach, liver, and spleen, help the Rickets in children, cuts and brings away tough phlegm, and helps the yellow Jaundice: Mesue saith the Compound Syrup is of more effect than the Simple for the same uses. You may take them with a Liquoris stick, or take a spoonful in the morning fasting. Syrupus Botryos. Page 53. In the Latin Book. O R Syrup of Oak of Jerusalem. The College. Take of Oak of Jerusalem, Hedg-mustard, Nettles, of each two handfuls; Coltsfoot, an handful and an half, boil them in a sufficient quantity of clear Water till half be consumed; to two pound of the Decoction ad two pound of the Juice of Turnips baked in an Oven in a close pot, and with three pound of white Sugar boil it into a Syrup. Culpeper. This Syrup was composed against Coughs, shortness of breath, and other the like infirmities of the breast proceeding of cold, for (which if you can get it) you may take it with a Liquoris stick. Syrupus Capillorum Veneris. Pag. 53. In L. Book. O R Syrup of Maidenhair. The College. Take of Liquoris two ounces, Maidenhair five ounces, steep them a natural day in four pound of warm water, then after a gentle boiling and strong straining, with a pound and an half of fine Sugar make it into a Syrup. Culpeper. A. It opens stops of the stomach, strengthens the Lungs, and helps the infirmities of them. This may be taken also either with a Liquoris stick, or mixed with the pectoral Decoction like Syrup of Coltsfoot. Syrupus Cardiacus, vel Julepum Cardiacum. Pag. 53. O R A Cordial Syrup. The College. Take of Rhenish Wine two pound, Rose water two ounces and an half, Cloves two seruples, Cinnamon half a drachm, Ginger two scruples, Sugar three ounces and an half, boil it to the consistence of a Julep, adding Ambergreese three grains, Musk one grain. Culpeper. A. He that hath read thus far in this Book, and doth not know he must first boil the Simples in the Wine, and then strain them out before he puts in the Sugar, is a man that in my opinion hath not 〈◊〉 enough to be taught to make up a Medicine; and the College in their new Masterpiece hath left it out. A. If you would have this Julip keep long, you may put in more Sugar, and yet if close stopped, it will not easily corrupt because 'tis made up only of Wine; indeed the wisest way is to order the quantity of sugar according to the * That latitude may be given safely in all Compositions. palate of him that takes it. A. It restoreth such as are in Consumptions; comforts the heart, cherisheth the drooping spirits, and is of an opening quality, thereby carrying away those vapours which might otherwise annoy the brain and heart: You may take an ounce at a time, or two if you please. Syrupus infusionis Floram Caryophillorum. Pag. 54. O R Syrup of Clovegilliflowers. The College. Take a pound of Clovegilliflowers the whites being cut off, infuse them a whole night in two pound of Water, then with four pound of sugar melted in it, make it into a Syrup without boiling. Culpeper. A. In their former they added three pound of Water, if you would infuse them you must do it at several times. A. The syrup is a fine temperate syrup, it strengthens the heart, liver, and stomach, it refresheth the vital spirits, and is a good cordial in fevers; and usually mixed with other Cordials, you can hardly err in taking it, it is so harmless a syrup. Syrupus de Cinnamomo. Pag. 54. In the L. Book. O R, Syrup of Cinnamon. The College. Take of Cinnamon grossly bruised, four ounces; steep it in white Wine, and small Cinnamon water, of each half a pound three days in a glass by a gentle heat; strain it and with a pound and an half of Sugar boil it gently to a syrup. Culpeper. A. This comes something nearer the Augustan Dispensatory than their former did; it is not altogether the same, for then people would have said they did nothing, whereas now 'tis apparent they did something though to little purpose. It refresheth the vital spirits exceedingly, and cheereth both heart and stomach languishing through cold; it helps digestion exceedingly, and strengthens the whole body. You may take a spoonful at a time in a Cordial. The College. Thus also you may conveniently prepare syrups (but only with white Wine) of Annis seeds, sweet Fennel seeds, Cloves, Nutmegs, Ginger etc. Syrupus Acetositatis Citriorum. Pag. 54. In L. Book. O R, Syrup of Juice of Citrons. The College. Take of the Juice of Citrons, strained without expression and cleansed a pound, sugar two pound, make it into a syrup like syrup of Clovegilliflowers. Culpeper. A. It prevails against all diseases proceeding from Choler, or heat of blood, fevers, both pestilential and not pestilential, it resisteth poison, cools the blood, quencheth thirst, cureth the Vertigo, or dissiness in the head. The College. After the same manner is made syrup of Grapes, Oranges, Barberries, Cherries, Quinces, Lemons, Woodsorrel, Mulberries, Sorrel, English Currence, and other sour Juices. Culpeper. A. If you look the Simples you may see the virtues of them, they all cool and comfort the heart and strengthen the stomach, syrup of Quinces stays vomiting, so doth also syrup of Grapes. Syrupus Corticum Citriorum. Pag. 54. In the L. Book. O R, Syrup of Citron Pills. The College. Take of flesh yellow Citron Pills five ounces, the Berries of Chermes, or the Juice of them brought over to us two drachms, spring water, four pound, steep them all night, boil them till half be consumed, taking off the scum, strain it, and with two pound and an half of sugar boil it into a syrup, let half of it be without Musk, but perfume the other half with three grains of Musk tied up in a rag. Culpeper. A. It strengthens the stomach, resists poison, strengthens the heart, and resists the passions thereof, palpitation, faintings, swoonings; it strongthens the vital spirits, restores such as are in Consumptions, and Hectic Fevers, and strengthens nature much. You may take a spoonful at a time. Syrupus è Coralliis Simplex. Pag. 55. In the L. Book. O R, Syrup of Coral Simple. The College. Take of red Coral in very fine powder four ounces, dissolve it in clarified Juice of Barberries in the boat of a bath, a pound, in a glass well stopped with wax and Cork, a digestion being made three or four days, pour off what is dissolved, put in fresh clarified Juice and proceed as before; repeat this so often till all the Coral be dissolved; lastly to one pound of this Juice add a pound and an half of sugar, and boil it to a syrup gently. Syrupus è Coralliis Compositus. Pag. 55. In L. Book. O R Syrup of Coral Compound. The College. Take of red Coral six ounces, in very fine powder and levigated upon a marble, ad of clarified juice of Lemons, the phlegm being drawn off in a bath, sixteen ounces, clarified 〈◊〉 of Barberries, eight ounces; Sharp wine Vinegar and juice of Wood-sorrel, of each six ounces; mix them together and put them in a glass stopped with Cork and Bladder, shaking it every day till it have digested eight days in a bath or horsdung, than filter it, of which take a pound and an half; juice of Quinces half a pound, Sugar of Roses twelve ounces, make them into a syrup in a bath, adding syrup of Clovegilliflowers sixteen ounces, keep it for use, omitting the half drachm of Ambergrees and four grains of Musk till the Physician command it. Culpeper. A. Syrup of Coral both Simple and Compound, restore such as are in Consumptions, are of a gallant cooling nature, especially the last, and very Cordial, special good for Hectic fevers, it stops fluxes, the running of the reins, and the whites in women, helps such as spit blood, and such as have the Falling-sickness, it stays the terms in women: And indeed it had need be good for something, for it is exceeding costly. Half a spoonful in a morning is enough for the body, and it may be too much for the purse. Syrupus Cydoniorum. Pag. 56. In the L. Book. O R Syrup of Quinces. The College. Take of the Juice of Quinces clarified six pound, boil it over a gentle fire till half of it be consumed, scumming it, adding red Wine three pound, white sugar four pound, boil it into a syrup, to be perfumed with a drachm and an balf of Cinnamon, Cloves and Ginger of each two scruples. Culpeper. A. It strengthens the heart and stomach, stays looseness and vomiting, relieves languishing nature, for looseness take a spoonful of it before meat, for vomiting after meat; for both as also for the rest, in the morning. Syrupus de Erysimo. Pag. 56. In the L. Book. O R Syrup of Hedg-mustard. The College. Take of Hedgmustard fresh, six handfuls, the Roots of Alicampane, Coltsfoot, Liquoris, of each two ounces; borage, succory, Maidenhair, of each a handful and an half, the Cordial Flowers, Rosemary, and Betony, of each half a handful, Annis seeds half an ounce, Raisins of the Sun stoned two ounces, let all of them being prepared according to art be boiled in a sufficient quantity of barley Water and Hydromel, with six ounces of juice of Hedgmusturd to two pound and an half, the which with three pound of sugar boil into a Syrup according to art. Culpeper. A. It was invented against cold afflictions of the breast and Lungs, as Astmaes, hoarceness etc. you may take it either with a Liquoris stick, or which is better, mix an ounce of it with three or four ounces of pectoral decoction, and drink it off warm in the morning. Syrupus de Fumaria. Pag. 56. In the L. Book. O R Syrup of Fumitory. The College. Take of Endive, common Wormwood, Hops, Dodder, Hartstongue, of each a handful; Epithimum an ounce and an half; boil them in four pound of Water till half be consumed; strain it, and add the juice of Fumitory a pound and an half; of borage, and Bugloss of each half a pound, white Sugar four pound; make them into a Syrup according to art. Culpeper. A. The Receipt is a pretty concocter of melancholy, and therefore a rational help for diseases arising thence, both internal and external; It helps diseases of the skin, as Leprosies, Cancers, Warts, Corns, Itch, Tetters, Ringworms, Scabs, etc. and it is the better to be liked because of its gentleness, For in my experience, I could never find a violent Medicine do good, but ever harm in a b For Melancholy is a sad sullen humour, you had as good vex a nest of Wasps as Melancholy disease. It also strengthens the stomach and liver, opens obstructions, and is a sovereign remedy for hypocondriac Melancholy. You may add an ounce of this to the decoction of Epithimum before mentioned, and order your body as you were taught there. It helps surfeits exceedingly, cleanseth, cooleth, and strengtheneth the liver, and causeth it to make good blood, and good blood cannot make bad flesh. I commend this Receipt to those whose bodies are subject to scabs and Itch. If you please you may take two ounces by itself every morning. Syrupus de Glycyrrhiza. Pag. 56. In the L. Book. O R Syrup of Liquoris. The College. Take of green Liquoris scraped and bruised two ounces, white Maidenhair an ounce, dried Hyssop half an ounce, steep these in four pound of hot water, after 24. hours boil it till half be consumed, strain it and clarify it, and with Honey, Pevids, and Sugar of each eight ounces, make it into a syrup, adding before it be perfectly boiled, red Rose-water six ounces. Culpeper. A. It cleanseth the breast and lungs, and helps continual Coughs and Pleuresies. You may take it with a Liquoris stick, or add an ounce of it or more to the pectoral Decoction. Syrupus Granatorum cum Aceto: vulgo, Oxysaccharum simplex. Page 57 in the Latin Book. O R Syrup of Pomegranates with Vinegar. The College. Take of white Sugar a pound and an half, Juice of Pomegranates eight ounces, white Wine Vinegar four ounces, boil it gently into a Syrup. Culpeper. A. Look the Virtue of Pomegranates amongst the Simples. Syrupus de Hyssopo. Page 57 in the Latin Book. O R Syrup of Hyssop. The College. Take eight pound of spring Water, half an ounce of Barley, boil it about half an hour, then add the Roots of smallage, Parsley, Fennel, Liquoris, of each ten drams; Jujubes, Sebestens of each fifteen; Raisins of the sun stoned an ounce and an half; Figs, Dates, of each ten; the seeds of Mallows and Quinces, Gum Tragacanth tied up in a rag, of each three drachms; Hyssop meanly dried ten drachms, Maidenhair six drachms; boil them together, yet so, that the Roots may precead the Fruits, the Fruits the Seeds, and the Seeds the Herbs, about a quarter of an hour; at last, five pounds of Water being consumed, boil the other three (being first strained and clarified) into a syrup with two pound and an half of Sugar. Culpeper. A. You may thank Mesue for it, not the College. A. It mightily strengthens the b By the breast I always mean that which is lled 〈◊〉. breast and lungs, causeth long wind, clear voice, is a good remedy against coughs. Use it like the syrup of Liquoris. Syrupus Ivae arthriticae, sive Chamaepityos. Pag. 57 O R Syrup of Chamepitys. The College. Take of Chamepitys two handfuls; Sage, Rosemary, Poley mountain, Origanum, Calaminth, wild mints, Peniroyals, Hyssop, Time, Rue, Garden and wild, Betony, Mother of Time, of each a handful; the roots of Acorus, Birthwort long and round, Briony, Dittany, Gentian, Hogs Fennel, Valerian, of each half an ounce, the roots of smallage, sparagus, Fennel, Parsly Bruscus, of each an ounce; Pellitory of Spain an ounce and an half, stoechas, the seeds of Annis, Ammi, Carraway, Fennel, Lovage, Hartwort, of each three drachms, Raisins of the sun two ounces; boil them in ten pound of water to four, to which add Honey and Sugar of each two pound, make it into a syrup to be presumed with sugar, Nutmegs, and Cubebs, of each three drachms. Culpeper. A. I bid them mend this for shame last time, and the truth is, so they have; before it was a Hodg-podg that could not be made, and now 'tis a Hodg-podg only not worth the making. Syrupus Jujubinus. Page 58. in the Latin Book. O R Syrup of Jujubes. The College. Take of Jujubes, Violets, five drachms; Maidenhair, Liquoris, French Barley, of each an ounce; the seeds of Mallows five drachms; the seeds of white Poppies, Melones, Lettuce, [seed of Quinces and Gum Tragacanth tied up in a rag] of each three drachms; boil them in six pound of rain or spring water till half be consumed, strain it and with two pound of sugar make it into a syrup. Culpeper. A. Those that adore the College as so many little God-a-mighties, let them ask them what part of the Violets must be put in, for they must operate as near to their meanings as the men of Benjamin could throw a stone and not miss; others that do not, may be pleased to make use of the Flowers. A. It is a fine cooling syrup, very available in Coughs, Hoarseness, and Pleuresies, Ulcers of the Lungs, and Bladder, as also in all inflammations whatsoever. You may take a spoonful of it once in three or four hours, or if you please take it with a Liquoris stick. Syrupus de Meconio, sive, Diacodium. Page 58. Syrup of Meconium, or, Diacodium. The College. Take of white Poppy heads with their seeds, gathered a little after the flowers are fallen off, and kept three days, eight ounces; black Poppy heads (so ordered) six ounces, rain Water eight pound, steep them twenty four hours, then boil and press them gently, boil it to three pounds, and with twenty four ounces of sugar boil it into a syrup according to art. Syrupus de Meconio Compositus. Page 59 in L. Book. Syrup of Meconium Compound. The College. Take of white and black Poppy heads with their seeds fifty drachms; maindenhair fifteen drachms; Jujubes thirty; the seeds of Lettuce forty drachms; of Mallows and Quinces tied up in a rag a drachm and an half; Liquoris five drachms; Water eight pound; boil it according to art, strain it, and to three pound of Decoction ad sugar and penids, of each a pound, make it into a syrup. Culpeper. A. Meconium: The blush of which this Receipt carries in its frontispiece, is nothing else but the juice of English Poppies boiled till it be thick: As I am of opinion that Opium is nothing else but the juice of g For such Opium as Authors talks of comes from Utopia. Poppies growing in hotter Countries (and therefore in all reason is colder in quality;) and therefore (I speak purely of Meconium and Opium, not of these syrups) though they be no edg-tools, yet 'tis ill jesting with them. A. All these former syrups of Poppies provoke sleep, but in that, I desire they may be used with a great deal of caution and wariness, such as these are, are not fit to be given in the beginning of Fevers, nor to such whose bodies are costive; ever remember my former Motto, Fools are not fit to make Physicians. Yet to such as are troubled with hot, sharp Rheums, you may safely give them; and note this, the last, which is borrowed from Mesue is apropriated to the Lungs, whose own words (translation excepted) of it are these, It prevails against dry Coughs, Phtisicks, hot and sharp gnawing Rheums, and provokes sleep. It is an usual fashion for Nurses when they have heat their milk by exercise or strong liquor, (no marvel then if their children be froward) then run for syrup of Poppies to make their young ones sleep. I would fain have that fashion left, therefore I forbear the dose; let Nurses keep their own body's 〈◊〉, and their children will sleep well enough, never fear. Syrupus 〈◊〉. Page 59 in the Latin Book. Or, Syrup of Bawm. The College. Take of the Bark of Bugloss Roots an ounce; the 〈◊〉 of white Dittany, sinksoyl, scorzonera, of each half an ounce; the Leaves of Bawm, scabious, Devilsbit, the 〈◊〉 of both sorts of Bugloss, and Rosemary of each a handful; the seeds of sorrel, Citrons, Fennel, Cardus, Bazil, of each three drachms; boil them in four pound of water till half be consumed, strain it, and add three pound of white sugar; Juice of Bawm, and Rose Water, of each half a pound, boil them to a syrup, the which perfume with Cinnamon and yellow sanders of each half an ounce. Culpeper. A. The scorzonera Roots, and Bugloss Roots are added, and the Bettony Roots left out, and Fernelius his name buried in oblivion; that is all the Alteration: If the name of the wicked shall rot, 'tis more likely to happen upon themselves than Fernelius. A. Always tie perfumes up in a rag, and hang them into the syrup by a string when it boils, and hang them by a string in the veslel (be it pot or glass) that you may keep the syrup in being boiled. A. It is an excellent Cordial, and strengthens the heart, breast, and stomach, it resisteth Melancholy, revives the spirits, is given with good success in Fevers, it strengtheneth the memory, and relieus langushing nature. You may take a spoonful of it at a time. Syrupus de Mentha. Page 59 in the Latin Book. Or, Syrup of Mints. The College] Take of the juice of Quinces sweet and between sweet and sour, the juice of Pomegranates sweet, between sweet and sour, and sour, of each a pound and an half, dried mints half a pound red Roses two ounces, let them lie in steep one day, then boil it half away and with four pound of sugar boil it into a syrup according to art, perfume it not unless the Physician command. Culpeper.] A. The syrup is in quality binding, yet it comforts the stomach much, helps digestion, stays vomiting, and is (in my opinion) as excellent a remedy against sour or offensive belchings, as any is in the Dispensatory: Take a spoonful of it after meat. Syrupus de Mucilaginibus. Page 60. in the L. Book. Or, Syrup of Mussilages. The College.] Take of the seeds of Marsh-Mallows, Mallows, Quinces, of each an ounce; Gum Tragacanth, three drachms; let these infuse six hours in warm Decoction of Mallows, white Poppy seeds, and Winter-cherries; then press out the Mussilage to an ounce and an half; with which 〈◊〉 and three ounces of the aforesaid Decoction, and two ounces of sugar, make a syrup according to art. Culpeper.] A. A spoonful taken by itself, or in any convenient Liquor is excellent for any sharp corroding humours be they in what part of the body soever, Phtisicks, bloody Flux, stone in the Reins or Bladder, or Ulcers there, it is excellent good for such as have taken Purges that are to strong for their bodies, for by its slippery nature it helps corrosians, and by its cooling, helps inflammations. Syrupus Myrtinus. Page 60. in the Latin Book. Or, Syrup of Myrtles. The College.] Take of Myrtle berries two ounces and an half; Sanders white and red, sumach, Balaustines, Barberry stones, red Roses of each an ounce and an half; Medlars half a pound; bruise them in eight pound of water to four; strain it and ad juice of Quinces and sour Pomegranates, of each six ounces; then with three pound of sugar boil it into a Syrup. Culpeper.] A. The syrup is of a very binding, yet comforting nature, it helps such as spit blood, all fluxes of the belly, or corrosions of the internal parts, it strengthens the retentive faculty, and stops immoderate flux of the terms in women: A spoonful at a time is the dose. Syrupus Florum Nymphaeae simplex. Page 60. Or, Syrup of Water-Lilly-flowers, simple. The College.] Take of the whitest of white Water-lilly-flowers, a pound; steep them in three pound of warm Water, six or seven hours; let them boil a little and strain them out; put in the same weight of Flowers again the second and third time; when you have strained it the last time, ad its weight of sugar to it and boil it to a syrup. Syrupus Florum Nymphaeae compositus. Page 60. Syrup of Water-lilly-Flowers, compound. The College.] Take of white Water-lilly-Flowers half a pound; Violets two ounces, Lettuce two handfuls; the seeds of Lettuce, Purslain, and Guords, of each half an ounce; boil them in four pound of clear water till one be consumed; strain it, and add half a pound of red Rose water; white sugar four pound, boil it into a syrup according to art. Culpeper.] A. They both are fine cooling syrups, they alloy the heat of Choler, and provoke fleep, they cool the body, both head, heart, liver, reins, and matrix, and therefore are profitable for hot diseases in either: you may take an ounce of it at a time when your stomach is empty. Syrupus de Papavere Erratico, sive Rhubro. Page 61. Or, Syrup of Eratick Poppies. The College.] Take of the fresh Flowers of red Poppies two pound, steep them in four pound of warm spring Water; the next day strain it and boil it into a syrup with its equal weight in Sugar. Culpeper.] A. I know no danger in this syrup, so it be taken with moderation; and bread immoderately taken, hurts; the syrup cools the blood, helps surfeits, and may safely be given in Frenzies, Fevers, and hot Agues. Syrupus de Pilosella. Page 61. in the Latin Book. Or, Syrup of Mousear. The College.] Take of Mousear three handfuls, the Roots of Lady's mantle, an ounce and an half; the Roots of comsry the greater, Maddir, white Dittany, Tormentil, Bistort, of each an ounce; the Leaves of Wintergreen, Horstail, Ground-Ivy, Plantain, Adder's tongue, Strawberries, St. john's Wort with the Flowers, Golden rod, Agrimony, Bettony, Burnet, Avens, Sinkfoyl the greater, red Coleworts, Balaustines, red Roses of each a handful; boil them gently in six pound of of Plantain Water to three, then strain it strongly and when it is settled, ad Gum Tragacanth, the seeds of Fleawort, Marsh-mallows, and Quinces, made into a Mussilage by themselves in strawberry and Bettony Water, of each three ounces; white sugar two pound, boil it to the thickness of Honey. Culpeper.] A. Certainly they intended an universal Medicine of this, and may prove as good as Chrysippus his Coleworts. It is profitable for wounded people to take, for it is drying and healing, and therefore good for Ruptures. Syrupus insusionis Florum Paeoniae. Page 62. Or, Syrup of the infusion of Peony Flowers. The College.] It is prepared just for all the world like syrup of Clovegilliflowers. Culpeper.] A. See syrup of Meconium for the virtues. Syrupus de Paeonia Compositus. P. 62. in L. Book. Or, Syrup of Peony Compound. The College.] Take of the Roots of both sorts of Peony taken up at the full Moon, cut in slices and steeped in white Wine a whole day, of each an ounce and an half; Contra yerva half an ounce; Siler mountain six drachms; Elks Claws an ounce, Rosemary with the Flowers on, one handful; Bettony, Hyssop, Origanum, Chamepitys, Rue, of each three drachms; Wood of Aloes, Cloves, Cardamons the less, of each two drachms; Ginger, Spicknard, of each a drachm; stoechas, Nutmegs, of each two drachms and an half; boil them after one days warm digestion, in a sufficient quantity of distilled Water of Peony Roots, to four proved; in which being strained through Hypocrates his sleeves, put four pound and an half of white sugar and boil it to a syrup. Culpeper.] A. It is somewhat costly to buy, and as troublesome to make, a spoonful of it taken helps the Falling-sickness and Convulsions. Syrupus de Pomis alterans. Page 62. in the L. Book. Or, Syrup of Apples. The College.] Take four pound of the juice of sweet scented Apples, the juice of Bugloss garden and wild, of Violet Leaves, Rose water, of each a pound; boil them together and clarify them, and with six pound of pure sugar, boil it into a syrup according to Art. Culpeper.] A. It is a fine cooling syrup for such whose hearts and stomaches are overpressed with heat, and may safely be given in fevers, for it rather loosens than binds; it breeds good blood, and is profitable in Hectic fevers, and for such as are troubled with palpitation of the heart, it quencheth thirst admirably in Fevers, and stays Hiccoughs. You may take an ounce of it at a time in the morning, or when you need. Syrupus de Prasio. Page 62. In the Latin Book. Or, Syrup of Horehound. The College] Take of white Horehound fresh, two ounces; Liquoris, Polipodium of the Oak, Fennel, and smallage Roots of each half an ounce; white Maidenhair, Origanum, Hyssop, Calaminth, Time, savoury, scabious, Coltsfoot of each six drachms; the seeds of Annis and Cotton, of each three drachms; Raisins of the sun stoned two ounces, fat Figs ten, boil them in eight pound of Hydromel till half be consumed, boil the Decoction into a syrup with honey and sugar of each two pound, and perfume it with an ounce of the Roots of Orris Florentine. Culpeper.] A. It is apropriated to the breast and lungs, and is a fine cleanser, to purge them from thick and putrified phlegm, it helps Phtisicks and Coughs, and diseases subject to old men and cold natures. Take it with a Liquoris stick. Both this Receipt and the former, Fernelius was the Author of. Syrupus de quinque Radicibus. Page 63. In L Book. Or, Syrup of the sieve opening Roots. The College.] Take of the Roots of smallage, Fennel, Parsly, Bruscus, Sparagus, of each two ounces, spring Water six pound; boil away the third part and make a syrup with the rest according to art; with three pound of sugar, adding eight ounces of white white Wine Vinegar towards the latter end. Culpeper] It cleanseth and openeth very well, is profitable against Obstructions, provokes Urine, cleanseth the body of phlegm, and is safely and profitably given in the beginning of Fevers. An ounce at a time upon an empty stomach is a good dose. Syrupus Raphani. Page 63. In the L. Book. Or, Syrup of Rhadishes. The College] Take of Garden and wild Rhadish Roots, of each an ounce; the Roots of white Saxifrage, Lovage, Bruscus, Eringo, Restharrow, Parsly, Fennel, of each half an ounce; the Leaves of Bettony, Burnet, Penyroyal, Nettles, Watercresses, Sampire, Maidenhair, of each a handful; Winter Cherries, Jujubes, of each ten; the seeds of Bazil, Bur, Parsly of Macedonia, Hartwort, Caraway, Carrots, Gromwel, the Bark of the Root of Bay-tree, of each two drachms; Raisins of the sun stoned, Liquoris, of each six drachms; boil them in twelve pound of water to eight; strain it, and with four pound of Sugar and two pound of Honey, make it into a syrup and perfume it with an ounce of Cinnamon, and half an ounce of Nutmegs. Culpeper] A. A tedious long Medicine for the stone: I wonder why the College affect such LONG Receipts, surely it will be LONG enough before they be wiser. Syrupus Regius, alias Julapium Alexandrinum. P. 64 Or, Julep of Alexandria. The College] Boyl four pound of Rose water, and one pound of white sugar into a Julep. Julep. of Roses is made with Damask Rose water, in the very same manner. Culpeper] Two fine cooling drinks in the heat of summer for them that have nothing else to do with their money. Syrupus de Rosis siccis. Page 64. In the L. Book. Or, Syrup of dried Roses. The College] Make four pound of spring Water hot, in which infuse a pound of dried Roses by some at a time; press them out, and with two pound of sugar boil it into a syrup according to art. Culpeper] A. If you boil it, it will lose both l In syrups made of Decoctions, the colour is not so material. colour and virtue, and then who but the College would first cry out against such paltry stuff? I am weary with nothing this in every Receipt, therefore be pleased to accept of this one general Rule, It is not best to boil any syrups made of Infusions, but by adding the double weight of Sugar (viz. two pound of sugar to each pint of infusion) melt it over a fire only. A. Syrup of dried Roses, strengthens the heart, comforts the spirits, bindeth the body, helps fluxes and corrosions or gnawings of the guts, it strengthens the stomach, and stays vomiting. You may take an ounce at a time, before meat, if for fluxes; after meat, if for vomiting. Syrupus Scabiosae. Page 64. In the L. Book. Or, Syrup of Scabious. The College] Take of the Roots of Alicampane, and Polypodium of the Oak, of each two ounces; Raisins of the the sun stoned an ounce, sebestens twenty, Coltsfoot, Lungwort, savoury, Calaminth, of each a handsul and an half; Liquoris, Spanish Tobacco, of each half an ounce; the seeds of Nettles and Cotton of each three drachms; boil them all (the Roots being infused in white Wine the day before) in a sufficient quantity of Wine and Water to eight ounces; strain it, and adding four ounces of the Juice of Scabious, and ten ounces of sugar boil it to a syrup, adding to it twenty drops of oil of Sulphur. Culpeper] A. It is a cleansing syrup, apropriated to the breast and lungs; when you perceive them oppressed by phlegm, crudities, or stops, your remedy is to take now and then a spoonful of this syrup, it is taken also with good success by such as are itchy or scabby. Syrupus de Scolopendrio. Page 64. in the L. Book. Or, Syrup of Hartstongue. The College] Take of Hartstongue three handfuls, Polypodium of the Oak, the Roots of both sorts of Bugloss, bark of the roots of Capars & Tamaris of each two ounces, Hops, Doddar, Maidenhair, Bawm of each two handfuls, boil them in nine pound of spring water to five, and strain it, and with four pound of white sugar make it into a syrup according to art. Culpeper] A. It helps the stops of Melancholy, opens obstructions of the Liver and spleen, and is profitable against splenetic evils, and therefore is a choice remedy for the disease which the vulgar call the Rickets, or Livergrown: A spoonful in a morning is a precious Remedy for children troubled with that disease. Men that are troubled with the spleen, which is known by pain and hardness in their left side, may take three or four spoonfuls, they shall find this one Receipt worth the price of the whole Book. Syrupus de Stoechade. Page 65. in the Latin Book. Or, Syrup of Stoechas. The College] Take of Stoechas flowers four ounces, Rosemary flowers half an ounce, Time, Calaminth, Origanum of each an ounce and an half, Sage, Betony of each half an ounce, the seeds of Rue, Pcony, and Fennel, of each three drachms, spring water ten pound, boil it till half be consumed, and with Honey and sugar of each two pound boil it into a syrup, which perfume with Cinnamon, Ginger, and Calamus Aromaticus, of each two drachms tied up in a rag. Syrupus de Symphyto. Page 65. in the Latin Book. Or, Syrup of Comfry. The College] Take of the Roots and Tops of Comfry the greater and lesser, of each three handfuls, red Roses, Betony, Plantain Burnet, Knotgrass, scabious, Coltsfoot, of each two handfuls, press the Juice out of them all being green and bruised, boil it, scum it and strain it, ad its weight of sugar to it that it may be made into a syrup according to art. Culpeper] A. The syrup is excellent for all inward wounds and bruises, excoriations, vomitings, spittings, or pissings of blood, it unites broken bones, helps ruptures, and stops the terms in women: you cannot er in taking of it. Syrupus Violarum. Page 65. in the Latin Book. Or, Syrup of Violets. The College] Take of Violet Flowers fresh and picked, a pound, clear water made boiling hot two pound, shut them up close together in a new glazed pot, a whole day, then press them hard out, and in two pound of the Liquor dissolve four pound and three ounces of white Sugar, take away the scum, and so make it into a syrup without boiling. Syrup of the Juice of Violets is made with its double weight of Sugar like the former. Culpeper] A. This latter syrup is far more chargeable than the former, and in all reason is better, although I never knew it used; they both of them cool and moisten, and that very gently, they correct the sharpness of choler, and give ease in hot vices of the breast, they quench thirst in acute fevers, and resist the heat of the disease, they comfort hot stomaches exceedingly, cool the liver and heart, and resist putrefaction, pestilence and poison. It is so harmless a syrup you shall hurt your purse by it sooner than your body. The College] Julep of Violets is made of the water of Violet flowers and sugar like Julep of Roses. Culpeper] A. It is cooling and pleasant for the Gentry when they are hot with walking, for few of them much trouble their study. PURGING SYRUPS. Syrupus de Cicborio cum Rhabarbaro. Page 67. Or, Syrup of Succory with Rhubarb. The College. TAke of whole Barley, the Roots of Smallage, Fennel and Asparagus of each two ounces, Succory, Dandelyon, Endive, smooth Sowthistles of each two handfuls, Lettuce, Liverwort, Fumitory, tops of Hops, of each one handful, Maidenhair white and black, Cetrach, Liquoris, Winter Cherries, Dodder of each six drachms; to boil these take sixteen pound of spring water, strain the liquor and boil in it six pound of white Sugar, adding towards the end six ounces of Rhubarb, six drachms of Spicknard bound up in a thin and slack rag, the which crush often in boiling, and so make it into a syrup according to art. Culpeper] A. This Receipt (without a name) was borrowed from Nicholaus Florentinus; the difference is only in the quantity of the Rhubarb, and Spike, besides the order inverted, whose own aprobation of it runs in these terms. A. It cleanseth the body of venomous humours, as Boils, Carbuncles, and the like; it prevails against pestilential Fevers, it strengthens the heart and nutritive virtue, purgeth by stool and urine, it makes a man have a good stomach to his meat, and provokes sleep. A. But by my Author's leave, I never accounted purges to be proper Physic in Pestilential Fevers; this I believe, the syrup cleanseth the liver well, and is exceeding good for such as are troubled with Hypocondriack Melancholy. The strong may take two ounces at a time, the weak one; or you may mix an ounce of it with the Decoction of Senna. Syrupus de Epithymo. Page 67. in the Latin. Book. Or, Syrup of Epithimum. The College] Take of Epithimum twenty drams, Mirobalans, Citron, and Indian of each fifteen drams, Emblicks, Bellericks, Polypodium, Liquoris, Agrick, Time, Calaminth, Bugloss, Stoechas of each six drams, Dodder, Fumitory, of each ten drachms, red Roses, Annis seeds and sweet Fennel seeds of each two drachms and an half, d Would I old see them: truly if ye would have them, I doubt you 〈◊〉 go to Arabia where Mesue dwelled. sweet Prunes ten, Raisins of the sun stoned four ounces, Tamarinds two ounces and an half; after twenty four hours infusion in ten pints of spring water, boil it away to six, then take it from the fire and strain it, and with five pound of fine Sugar boil it into a syrup according to art. Culpeper] A. It is best to put in the Dodder, Stoechas and Agrick, towards the latter end of the Decoction. A. This Receipt was Mesue's, only instead of five pound of Sugar, Mesue appoints four pound of Sugar and two pound of Sapa (the making of which shall be showed in its proper place) and truly in my opinion the Receipts of Mesue are generally the best in all the Dispensatory, because the Simples are so pertinent to the purpose intended, they are not made up of a mess of Hodgpodg as many others are: but to the purpose. A. It purgeth Melancholy, and other humours, it strengtheneth the stomach and Liver, cleanseth the body of addust choler and addust blood, as also of salt humours, and helps diseases proceeding from these, as scabs, itch, tetters, ringworms, leprosy etc. and the truth is, I like it the better for its gentleness, for I never fancied violent Medicines in Melancholy diseases. A mean man may take two ounces at a time, or ad one ounce to the Decoction of Epithimum. Syrupus è Floribus Persicorum. Page 68 in L. Book. Or, Syrup of Peach-flowers. The College] Take of fresh Peach-flowers a pound, steep them a whole day in three pound of warm water, then boil it a little and strain it out, repeat this infusion five times in the same 〈◊〉, in three pound of which dissolve two pound and an half of Sugar [and boil it into a syrup. Culpeper] A. It is a gentle Purger of choler, and may be given even in fevers to draw away the sharp choleric humours according to the opinion of Andernacus, whose Receipt (all things considered) differs little from this. Syrupus de Pomis Purgans. Page 68 in the L. Book. Or, Syrup of Apples, purging. The College] Take of the Juice of sweet smelling Apples two pound, the juice of borage and Bugloss of each one pound and an half, Senna two ounces, Annis seeds half an ounce, Saffron one drachm; let the 〈◊〉 be sleeped in the Juyce's twenty four hours, and after a walm or two strain it, and with two pound of white sugar boil it to a syrup according to art, the Saffron being tied up in a rag, and often crushed in the boiling. Culpeper] A. Mesue appoints Senna Cod, and so do the Augustan Physicians, viz. the husk that holds the seeds; and the College altered that, and added the Annis seeds, I suppose to correct the Senna, and in so doing they did well. A. The syrup is a pretty cooling purge, and tends to rectify the distempers of the blood, it purgeth choler and melancholy, and therefore must needs be effectual both in yellow and black Jaundice, madness, scurf, Leprosy, and scabs; It is very gentle, and for that I commend both the Receipt, and Mesue the Author of it. The dose is from one ounce to three, according as the body is in age and strength. An ounce of it in the morning is excellent for such children as break out in scabs. Syrupus de Pomis Magistralis. Page 68 in L. Book. Or, Syrup of Apples Magisterial. The College] Take of the Juice and Water of Apples of each a pound and an 〈◊〉, the Juice and Water of borage and Bugloss of each nine ounces, Senna half a pound, Annis seeds, and sweet Fennel seeds of each three 〈◊〉, Epithimum * and why of Crect? there grew most Time upon Himettus in Greece, & Hybla in Sycilia, & so by consequence most Epithimum. of Crect two ounces, Agrick, Rhubarb, of each half an ounce, Ginger, Mace of each four scruples, Cinnamon two scruples, Saffron half a drachm; Infuse the Rhubaib and Cinnamon apart by itself, in white Wine and Juice of Apples, of each two ounces, let all the rest, the Saffron excepted, be sleeped in the Waters above mentioned, and the next day put in the Juices, which being boiled, 〈◊〉 and strained, then with four ounces of white Sugar boil it into a syrup, crushing the Saffron in it being tied up in a linen rag, the infusion of the Rhubarb being added at the latter end. Culpeper] A. Out of doubt this is a gallant syrup to purge addust Choler and Melancholy, and to resist madness. I know no better purge for such as are almost, or altogether distracted by Melancholy, than one ounce of this mixed with four ounces of the Decoction of Epithimum, ordering their bodies as they were taught. Syrupus de Rhabarbaro. Page 69. in the Lat. Book. Or, Syrup of Rhubarb. The College] Take of the best Rhubarb and Senna of each two ounces and an half, Violet Flowers a handful, Cinnamon one drachm and an half, Ginger half a drachm, Betony, Succory and Bugloss Water of each one pound and an half; let them be mixed together warm all night, and in the morning strained and boiled into a syrup with two pound of white sugar, adding towards the end four ounces of syrup of Roses. Culpeper] A. It cleanseth choler and melancholy very gently, and therefore is fit for children, old people, and weak bodies. You may add an ounce of it to the 〈◊〉 of Epithimum or to the Decoction of Senna. It is a very pretty Receipt made by the Augustan Physicians. Syrupus Rosaccus Solutivus. Page 69. in L. Book. Or, Syrup of Roses Sclutive. The College] Take of spring water boiling hot four pound, Damask Rose leaves fresh as many as the Water will contain, let them remain twelve hours in insusion, close stopped; then press them out and put in 〈◊〉 Rose leaves, do so * God rejoiceth in odd numbers, quoth one of their Patriarches, I should have said a Poet. nine times, in the same liquor, increasing the quantity of the Roses as the Liquor increaseth, which will be almost by the third part every time; Take six parts of this Liquor and with four parts of white Sugar boil it to a syrup according to art. Culpeper] A. It loosneth the belly, and gently bringeth out choler and phlegm, but leaves a binding quality behind it. Syrupus e Succo Rosarum. Page 70. in the Lat. Book. Or, Syrup of the Juice of Roses. The College] It is prepared without steeping, only with the Juice of Damask Roses pressed out, and clarified, and an equal proportion of Sugar added to it. Culpeper] A. This is like the other. Syrupus Rosaccus Solutivus cum Agarico. Page 70. Or, Syrup of Roses Solutive with Agrick. The College] Take of Agrick cut thin an ounce, Ginger two drachms, Sal-Gem one drachm, Polypodium bruised two ounces, sprinkle them with white wine and steep them two dates over warm oshes, in a pound and an half of the infusion of Damask Roses prescribed before, and with one pound of sugar boil it into a syrup according to Art. Culpeper] A. You had better add twice so much sugar as is of the infusion, for fear the strength of the Agrick be lost in the boiling. A. It purgeth phlegm from the head, relieves the senses oppressed by it, it provokes the terms in women, it purgeth the stomach and Liver, and provoketh urine. Some hold it an universal purge for all parts of the body: a weak body may take an ounce at a time, and a strong, two ounces, guiding himself as he was taught in Decection of Epithimum. Syrupus Rosaccus Solutivus cum Helleboro. Page 70. Or, Syrup of Roses Solutive with Hellebore. The College] Take of the bark of all the Myrobalans of each four ounces, bruise them grossly and steep them twenty four hours in twelve pound of the infusion of Roses before spoken; Senna, Epithimum, Polypodium of the Oak, of each four ounces; Cloves an ounce, Citron seeds, Liquoris of each four ounces, the f Take the Roots themselves for if the Bark be to be had, it is very rare. bark of black Hellebore roots six drachms; let the fourth part of the Liquor gently exhale, strain it, and with five pound of Sugar and sixteen drachms of Rhubarb tied up in a 〈◊〉 rag, make it into a syrup according to Art. Culpeper] A. You must not boil the black Hellebore at all, or but very little, if you do you had as good put none in; me thinks the College should have had either more wit or honesty, than to have left Receipts so woodenly penned to posterity, or it may be they wrote as they say only to the Learned, or in plain English for their own ends, or to satisfy their covetousness, that a man must needs run to them every time his finger aches. A. The syrup rightly used, purgeth melancholy, resisleth madness. I wish the ignorant to let it alone, for fear it be too hard for them, and use them as coarsely as the College hath done. Syrupus Rosaccus Solutivus cum Sena. Page 70. Or, Syrup of Roses Solutive with Senna. The College] Take of Senna six ounces; Caraway and sweet Fennel seeds of each three drachms, sprinkle them with white Wine and infuse them two days in three pound of the infusion of Roses aforesaid, then strain it, and with two pound of Sugar boil it into a Syrup. Culpeper] A. It purgeth the body of choler and melancholy, and expels the relics a disease hath left behind it; the dose is from one ounce to two: you may take it in a Decoction of Senna, it leaves a binding quality behind it. Surupus de Spina Cervina. Page 71. Or, Syrup of Purging Thorn. The College] Take of the Berries of Purging Thorn, gathered in September, as many as you will, bruise them in a stone Mortar and press out the 〈◊〉, let the fourth part of it evaporate away in a bath, then to two pound of it, ad sixteen ounces of 〈◊〉 Sugar, boil it into a Syrup, which perfume with 〈◊〉, Cinnamon, Nutmegs, Annis seeds, in fine powder of each three drachms. Culpeper] A. Tragus and Pena commend it much against the Dropsy, I know nothing of it by experience, and I am confident the College when they writ it knew as little, and therefore I hold it modesty to let it alone, as an upstart Medicine appointed to try experiences upon poor men's bodies, and if it kill them, their friends by Law cannot question a Collegiate. SYRUPS MADE WITH VINEGAR AND HONEY. Mel Anthosatum. Page 72. in the Latin Book. Or, Honey of Rosemary Flowers. TAke of fresh Rosemary Flowers a pound, clarified Honey three pound, mix them in a glass with a narrow mouth, set them in the sun, and keep them for use. Culpeper] A. It hath the same virtues with Rosemary flowers, to which I refer you, only by reason of the Honey it may be somewhat cleansing. Mel Helleboratum. Page 72. in the Latin Book. Or, Honey Helleborated. The College] Take of white Hellebore Roots bruised a pound, clear water fourteen pound, after three day's infusion, boil it till half be consumed, then strain it diligently, and with three pound of Honey boil it to the thickness of Honey. Culpeper] A. What a monstrum horrendum, horrible terrible Receipt have we got here? A pound of white Hellebore boiled in fourteen pints of Water to seven; I would ask the College (if they would not be angry, or if they be I cannot help it) whether the Hellebore will not lose its virtue in the twentieth part of this infusion and decoction (for it must be infused (forsooth) three days to a minute;) if a man may make so bold as to tell them the truth, A Tailor's Goose being boiled that time, would make a Decoction near as strong as the Hellebore, but this they will not believe; well then be it so, imagine the Hellebore still to retain its vigour after being so long tired out with a tedious boiling (for less boiling would boil an Ox) what should this Medicine do? purge Melancholy say they, but from whom? from men or beasts? for the Medicine would be so strong the Devil would not take it unless it were poured down his throat with a horn. I will not say they intended to kill men cum privilegio, that's too gross; I charibly judge thus, They fearing their monopoly would not hold as being built upon a rotten foundation, intended when it failed to turn Horse-Doctors, and so provided this Receipt against a wet day, For, A. Either the virtue of the Hellobore will fly away in such a martyrdom, or else it will remain in the Decoction. A. If it evaporate away, then is the Medicine like themselves good for nothing. A. If it remain in, it is enough to spoil the strongest man breathing. A. 1. Because it is too strong. A 2. Because it is not corrected in the least, and because they have not corrected that, therefore I take leave to correct them. Mel Mercuriale. Page 72. in the Latin Book. Or, Honey of Mercury. The College] Boyl three pound of the Juice of Mercury with two pound of Honey to the thickness of Honey. Culpeper] A. It is used as an Emollient in Clysters. Mel Mororum, vel Diamoron. Page 72. in L. Book. Or, Honey of Mulberries. The College] Take of the Juice of Mulberries and black berries, before they be ripe, gathered before the Sun be up, of each a pound and an half, Honey two pound boil them to their due thickness. Culpeper] A. It is 〈◊〉 known to be good for sore mouths, as also to cool inflammations there. Mel Nuceum, alias, 〈◊〉 et Dianncum. P. 72. Or, Honey of Nuts. The College] Take of the Juice of the outward bark of green 〈◊〉, gathered in the dog days two pound, boil it gently till it be thick, and with one pound of Honey boil it to the thickness of Honey. Culpeper] A. It is a good preservative in peftilential times, a spoonful being taken so soon as you are up. Mel Passulatum. Page 72. in the Latin Book. Or, Honey of Raisins. The College] Take of Raisins of the Sun cleansed from the stones two pound, steep them in six pound of warm water, the next day boil it half away and press it strongly, and with two pound of Honey let the expressed liquor boil to its thickness. Culpeper] A. It is a pretty pleasing Medicine for such as are in Consumptions, and are bound in body. Mel Rosatum common, sive Foliatum. Page 73. Or, Common Honey of Roles. The College] Take of red Roses not quite open two pound, Honey six pound, set them in the Sun according to art. Mel Rosatum Colatum. Page 73. in the Latin Book. Or, Honey of Roles strained. The College] Take of the best clarified Honey ten pound, Juice of frisk red Roses one pound, set it handsomely over the fire, and when it begins to boil, put in four pound of fresh red Roses, the whites being cut off; the Juice being consumed by boiling and stirring, strain it, and keep it for use. Culpeper] A. They are both used for diseases in the mouth. Mel Rosatum Solutivum. Page 73. in L. Book. Or, Honey of Roses Solutive. The College] Take of the often Infusion of Damask Roses five pound, Honey rightly clarified four pound, boil it to the thickness of Honey. Culpeper] A. It is used as a laxative in Clysters, and some Chyrurgians use it to cleanse wounds. The College] After the same manner is prepared Honey of the Infusion of red Roses. Mel Scilliticum. Page 73. In the Latin Book. Or, Honey of Squils'. The College] Take one Squill full of Juice, cut it in bits, and put it in a glass vessel, the mouth close stopped, and covered with a skin, set it in the Sun forty days, to wit, twenty before and after the rising of the Dog Star, then open the vessel and take the Juice which lies at the bottom, and preserve it with the best Honey. Culpeper] A. A man never shows his folly so much as in meddling with things he hath no skill in: Were it not folly in me to go teach a Smith how to make nails, or a Farmer how to mend his Land? And what then is it for our learned College to write of Astronomy, which is a Science they have as much skill in as Banks his horse? I told them of it last Edition, and now they have mended it as the Fletcher mended his Bolt, made two faults for one before; what should a Commonwealth do with such creatures that know nothing, and are too proud to learn. It belongs to their slaves, viz. the Company of the Apothecaries to ask them, 1. Which Dog Star they mean, 2. Which rising whether Acronical, Cosmical, or Heliacal. The College] Honey of Violets is prepared like as Honey of Roses. Oxymel Simple. Page 73. in the Latin Book. The College] Take of the best Honey four pound, clear water and white Wine Vinegar of each two pound, boil them in an earthen vessel, taking the scum off with a wooden Scummer, till it be come to the consistence of a Syrup. Culpeper] A. Your best way is to boil the Water and Honey first into a Syrup, and add the Vinegar afterwards, and then boil it again into a Syrup. Observe, that the later it be before you add the Vinegar to any Syrup, the sourer will it be: so may you please yourself, and not offend the College, for they give you latitude enough. A. It cuts phlegm, and it is a good preparative against a vomit. Oxymel Compound. Page 73. in the L. Book. The College] Take of the Bark of the Root of Fennel, Smallage, Parsley, Bruscus, Sparagus, of each two ounces, the Seeds of Fennel, Smallage, Parsley, Annis, of each one ounce, steep them all (the Roots being first cleansed and the Seeds bruised) in six pound of clear water, and a pound and an half of wine Vinegar, the next day boil it to the consumption of the third part, boil the rest being strained, with three pound of Honey into a liquid Syrup according to art. Culpeper] A. First, having bruised the Roots and Seeds, boil them in the water till half be, consumed, then strain it and add the Honey, and when it is almost boiled enough, add the Vinegar; and with all my heart I will put it to Dr. Reason to judge which is the best way of making of it, the Colleges or mine. Oxymel Helleboratum. Page 74. in the Latin Book. Or, Oximel Helleborated. The College] Take of Rue, Time, Dittany of Crect, Hyssop, Penyroyal, Horebound, Cardus, the Roots of Celtic Spicknard without Leaves, the inner bark of Elders, of each a handful, mountain Calaminth two pugils, the Seeds of Annis, Fennel, Bazil, Roman Nettles, Dill, of each two drachms, the Roots of Angelica, Marsh-Mallows, Aron, Squils' prepared, Birthwort, long, round, and climbing, Turbith, English Orris, Costus, Polypodium, Lemmon Pills, of each an ounce, the strings of black Hellobore, Spurge, Agrick, added at the end of the Decoction, of each two drams; the bark of white Hellebor half an ounce, let all of them being dried & bruised, be digested in a Glass, or glazed vessel close stopped, in the heat of the Sun, or of a Furnace; Posca, made of equal parts of Water and Vinegar, eight pound, Sapa two ounces; three days being expired, boil it a little more than half away; strain it pressing it gently, and ad to the liquor a pound and an half of Honey-Roses, wherein two ounces of Citron Pills have been infused, boil it to the thickness of Honey, and perfume it with Cloves, Saffron, Ginger, Galanga, Mace, of each a drachm. Culpeper] A. It is such a mess of altogether, that a man scarce knows what to do with it; here are many Simples very Cordial, many provoke the terms, some purge gently, some violently, and some cause vomiting; being all put together I verily think the labour and cost if put in an equal balance would outweigh the benefit; but the Apothecaries must make it, the College commands it. Oxymel Julianizans. Page 75. in Lat. Book. The College] Take of the bark of Caper Roots, the Roots of Orris, Fennel, Parsly, Bruscus, Cichory, Sparagus, Cyperus, of each half an ounce, the Leaves of Harts-tongue, Schaenanth, Tamaris, of each half a handful, sweet Fennel Seed half an ounce, infuse them in three pound of Posca which is something sour, afterwards boil it till half be consumed, strain it, and with Honey and Sugar clarified, of each half a pound, boil it to the thickness of Honey. Culpeper] A. This Medicine is very opening, very good against hypocondriac Melancholy, and as fit a Medicine as can be for that disease in children called the Rickets. Children are as humorsom as men (and they are humorsom enough Experience the best of all Doctors teacheth) some love sweet things, let them take Syrup of Harts-tongue; others cannot abide sweet things, to their natures this Syrup suits, being taken in the same manner. The College] Oximel of Squils' simple is made of three pound of clarified Honey, Vinegar of Squils' two pound, boil them according to art. Culpeper] A. They say they borrowed this Receipt of Nicholaus, but of what Nicholaus I know not, the self same Receipt is word for word in Mesue whose commendations of it is this, It cuts and divides humours that are tough and viscus, and therefore helps the stomach and bowels afflicted by such humours, and helps sour belchings. If you take but a spoonful in the morning, an able body will think it enough. A. View the Vinegar of Squils', and then your reason will tell you this is as wholesome, and somewhat more toothsome. Oxymel Scilliticum Compositum. Page 75. in L. Book. Or, Oximel of Squils' Compound. The College.] Take of Origanum, dried Hyssop, Time, Lovage, Cardamons the less, Stoechas, of each five drachms, boil them in three pound of Water to one; strain it, and with two pound of Honey, Honey of Raisins half a pound, Juice of Briony five ounces, Vinegar of Squils' a pound and an half, boil it and scum it according to art. Culpeper.] A. Mesue saith this is good against the Falling-sickness, Megrim, Headache, Vertigo, or swimming in the head, and if these be occasioned by the stomach as many times they are; it helps the Lungs obstructed by humour, and is good for women not well cleansed after labour, it opens the passage of the womb. 'Tis too churlish a purge for a Country man to meddle with: If the ignorant will be meddling they will meet with their matches, and say I told them so. A. Such Syrups as are in their rejected Dispensatory, and left out in this, (for they love to reject the best and choose the worst, as though they were born for nothing else but to do mischief) are these that follow. Culpeper. A. REader, before we begin, I thought good to advertise thee of these few things, which indeed I had inserted at the beginning of the Syrups had I not forgotten it. A. 1. A Syrup is a Medicine of a liquid body, compounded of Decoction, Infusion, or Juice, with Sugar or Honey, and brought by the heat of the fire, into the thickness of Honey. A. 2. Because all Honey is not of a thickness, understand new Honey, which of all other is thinnest. A. 3. The Reason why Decoctions, Infusions, and Juices, are thus used, is, because thereby, 1. They will keep the longer. 2. They will taste the better. A. 4. In boiling Syrups have a great care of their just consistence, for if you boil them too much they will candy, if too little, they will sour. A. 5. All Simple Syrups have the virtues of the Simples they are made of, and are far more convenient for weak people, and queasy stomaches. Syrup of Purslain. Mesue. The College. TAke of the seeds of Purslain grossly bruised, half a pound, of the Juice of Endive boiled and clarified two pound, Sugar two pound, Vinegar nine ounces; infuse the seeds in the juice of Endive twenty four hours, afterwards, boil it half away with a gentle fire, then strain it and boil it with the Sugar to the consistence of a Syrup, adding the Vinegar towards the latter end of the Decoction. Culpeper.] A. It is a pretty cooling Syrup, fit for any hot diseases incident to the stomach, reins, bladder, matrix, or liver, it thickens phlegm, cools the blood and provokes sleep. You may take an ounce of it at a time when you have occasion. Compound Syrup of Coltsfoot. Renodaeus. The College.] Take six handfuls of green Coltsfoot, two handfuls of Maidenhair, one handful of Hyssop, and two ounces of Liquoris, boil them in four pints, either of c If I durst spend paper about it, I could easily prov spring water to be the best by far. rain or spring water, till the fourth part be consumed, then strain it and clarify it, to which add three pound of white Sugar, boil it to the perfect consistence of a Syrup. Culpeper.] A. The Composition is apropriated to the Lungs, and therefore helps the infirmities, weaknesses, or failings thereof, as want of voice, difficulty of breathing, coughs, hoarseness, cathars etc. The way of taking it is with a Liquoris stick, or if you please you may add an ounce of it to the pectoral Decoction before mentioned. Syrup of Poppies, the lesser Composition. The College] Take the heads of white Poppies and black, when both of them are green, of each six ounces; the seeds of Lettuce, the Flowers of Violets, of each one ounce, boil them in eight pints of Water, till the virtue is out of the heads, then strain them, and with four pound of Sugar boil the Liquor to a syrup. Syrup of Poppies, the greater Composition. Mesue. The College] Take of the heads of both white and black Poppies, seeds and all, of each fifty drachms, Maidenhair fifteen drachms, Liquoris five drachms, Jujubes thirty by number, Lettuce seeds forty drams; of the seeds of Mallows and Quinces (tied up in a thin linen cloth) of each one drachm and an half, boil these in eight pints of water till five pints be consumed; when you have strained out the three pints remaining, ad to them, Penides and white Sugar of each a pound, boil them into a Syrup according to art. Culpeper.] A. All these former Syrups of Poppies provoke sleep, but in that, I desire they may be used with a great deal of Caution and wariness, such as these are, are not fit to be given in the beginnings of Fevers, nor to such whole bodies are coslive; ever remember my former Motto, Fools are not fit to make Physicians. Yet to such as are troubled with hot, sharp Rheums, you may safely give them; and note this, the last, which is borrowed from Mesue is apropriated to the Lungs, whose own words (translation excepted) of it are these, It prevails against dry Coughs, Phtisicks, hot and sharp gnawing Rheums, and provokes sleep. It is an usual fashion for Nurses when thcy have heat their Milk by exercise or strong liquor, (no marvel then if their children be froward) then run for Syrup of Poppies to make their young ones sleep. I would fain have that fashion left, therefore I forbear the dose; let Nurses keep their own bodies temperate, and their children will sleep well enough, never scar. Syrup of Eupatorium (or Maudlin.) Mesue. The College. Take of the Roots of 〈◊〉, 〈◊〉, and Succory, os each two 〈◊〉; Liquoris, 〈◊〉, Dodder, 〈◊〉, Roses, os each six drachms; Maidenhair, 〈◊〉, or instead thereof the Roots of 〈◊〉 Mariae, c A kind of Thorn growing in Egypt and Arabia. 〈◊〉, or 〈◊〉 thereof the Roots of Avens, the flowers or roots of Bugloss, Annis seeds, sweet 〈◊〉 seeds, Ageratum, or Maudlin, of each five drachms, 〈◊〉, 〈◊〉, of each three drachms, Spicknard, Indian Leaf, or instead of it put Roman Spike, of each two drachms: boil them in eight pints of water till the third part be consumed; then strain the Decoction, and with four pound of Sugar, clarified juice of Smallage and Endive, of 〈◊〉 half a pound, boil it into a Syrup. Culpeper.] A. 'Tis a strange clause, and the stranger because it comes from a College of Physicians: that they should set Bedeguar, or instead thereof Carduus Mariae: It is well known that the Bedeguar used here with us, or rather that which the Physicians of our times use for Bedeguar, is a thing that grows upon wild Roses, but the Bedeguar of the Arabians was * It is that we call our Lady's thistle, having white veins in the leaf, & used to be eaten in the spring-time. Carduus Mariae, and they knew well enough Mesue (whose Receipt this was) was an Arabian: truly this is just as if they should say, they would have ten shillings for a visit, or instead of that an angel; there being in deed and in truth as much difference between Bedeguar and Carduus Mariae, as between eightpence and two groats. A. It amends infirmities of the Liver coming of cold, opens obstructions, helps the Dropsy and evil state of the body, it extenuates gross humours, strengthens the Liver, provokes urine and is a present succour for hypocondriac Melancholy. You may take an ounce at a time in the morning: it opens, but purgeth not. Honey of Emblicks. Augustanus. The College.] Take fifty Emblick Myrobalans, bruise them and boil them in three pints of water till two be consumed; strain it, and with the like weight of Honey, boil it into a Syrup. Culpeper.] A. It is a fine gentle purger both of phlegm and Melancholy, it strengthens the brain and nerves, and senses both internal and external, helps tremble of the heart, stays vomiting, provokes appetite. You may take a spoonful at a time. ROB OR SAPA AND JUICES. Culpeper. A. ROB is something an uncouth word, and happily formidable to the ignorant Countryman in these thieving times; and therefore in the first place, I will explain the word. A. 1. Rob or Sapa, is the Juices of a Fruit, made thick by the heat either of the Sun or the Fire, that it is capable of being kept safe from putrefaction. A. 2. It's use was first invented for Diseases in the mouth, (however or for whatsoever it is used now, it matters not.) A. 3. It is usually made, in respect of body, something thicker than new Honey. A. 4. It may be kept about a year, little more or less. Rob, sive Sapa, simplex. Page 76. in the L. Book. Or, Simple Rob, or Sapa. The College.] Take of Wine newly pressed from white and ripe Grapes, boil it over a gentle fire to the thickness of Honey. Culpeper] A. When ever you read the word Rob, or Sapa throughout the Dispensatory, simply quoted in any medicine without any relation of what it should be made, this is that you ought to use. Rob de Berberis. Page 76. in the Latin Book. Or, Reb of Barberries. The College.] Take of the Juice of Barberries strained as much as you will, boil it by itself (or else by adding half a pound of Sugar to each pound of Juice) to the thickness of Honey. Culpeper.] A. It quencheth thirst, closeth the mouth of the stomach, thereby staying vomiting, and belching, it strengthens stomaches weakened by heat, and procures appetite. Of any of these Robs you may take a little on the point of a knife when you need. Rob de Cerasis. Page 76. in the Latin Book. Or, Rob of Cherries. The College.] Take of the juice of red Cherries somewhat sourish, as much as you will, and with half their weight in sugar boil them like the former. Culpeper.] A. See the virtues of Cherries, and there have you a neat trick to keep them all the year. Rob de Cornis. Page 76. in the latin Book. Or, Rob of Cornels. The College] Take of the juice os Cornels two pound, sugar a pound and an half, boil it according to art. Culpeper.] A. Of these Cornel trees are two sorts, male and female; the fruit of the male Cornel, or Cornelian Cherry is here to be used, for the female is that which is called Dogberry, in the North Country they call it Gatter-wood, and we in Sussex Dog-wood, I suppose because the Berries will make Dogs mad as some hold; also it is very unwholesome wood, specially for such as have been bitten by mad Dogs. A. The fruit of male Cornel, binds exceedingly, and therefore good in fluxes, bloody fluxes, and the immoderate flowing of the terms in women. Rob Cydoniorum. Page 76. in the Latin Book. Or, Rob of Quinces. The College] Take of the clarified juice of Quinces, boil it till two parts be consumed, and with its equal weight in Sugar boil it into a Rob. Miva vel Gelatina Eorundem. Page 76. in L. Book. Or, 〈◊〉 of Quinces. The College] Take of the juice of Quinces clarified twelve pound, boil it half away, and ad to the remainder, old white wine five pound, consume the third part over a gentle fire, taking away the scum (as you ought) let the rest settle, and strain it and with three pound of sugar boil it according to art. Culpeper] A. Both are good for weak and indisposed stomaches. The College] Rob of sour Plums is made as Rob of Quinces, the use of sugar is indifferent in them both. Rob of English Currence is made in the same manner, let the juice he clarified. Culpeper] A. The virtues are the same with Rob of Barberries. Rob Baccarum Sambuci. Page 77. in L. Book. Or, Rob of Elder Berries. The College] Take of the Juice of Elder Berries and make it thick with the help of a gentle fire, either by its self, or a quarter of its weight in sugar being added. Culpeper] Both Rob of Elder Berries, and Dwarf-Elder are excellent for such whose bodies are inclining to Dropsies; neither let them neglect nor despise it, if they do 'tis not my fault: They may take the quantity of a Nutmeg each morning, 'twill gently purge the watery humour. The College] In the same manner is made Rob of Dwars Elder, Junipers and Paul's Betony, only in the last, the Sugar and Juice must be equal in weight. Succus Glycyrrhizae simplex. Page 77. in Lat. Book. Or, Juice of Liquoris simple. The College] Infuse Liquoris Roots cleansed and gently bruised three days in spring water, so much that it may o'ertop the Roots the breadth of three fingers, then boil it a little and press it hard out, and boil the Liquor with a gentle fire to its due thickness. Culpeper] A. It is vulgarly known to be good against coughs, cold, etc. and a strengthener of the Lungs. Succus Glycyrrhizae Compositus. P. 77. in L. Book. Or, Juice of Liquoris Compound. The College] Take of the water of tender Oak leaves, of Scabious of each four pounds, English Liquoris scraped and bruised two pound, boil them by degrees till they be soft, then press out the Liquor strongly in a press, to which add three pound of Juice of Hyssop, and dry it away in the Sun in a broad Earthen vessel. Culpeper] A. The virtues are the same with the former, but that the College loves to be troublesome. Succus Pronorum sylvestrum. Page 78. in Lat. Book. Or, Juice of Sloes, called Acacia. The College] Take of Sloes hardly ripe, press out the Juice and make it thick in a bath. Culpeper] A. It stops Fluxes, and procures appetite. The College] So are the juices of Wormwood, Maudlin, and Fumitory made thick, to wit, the Herbs bruised while they be tender, and the juice pressed out and after it is clarified, boiled over the fire to its just thickness. LOHOCH, OR ECLEGMATA. Culpeper. A. BEcause this word also is understood but by few, we will first explain what it is. A. 1. The word Lohoch is an Arabic word, called in Greek 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉, in Latin, Linctus, and signifies a thing to be licked up. A. 2. It is in respect of Body, something thicker than a Syrup, and not so thick as an Electuary. A. 3. It's use it was invented for, was against the roughness of the windpipe, diseases, and inflammations of the Lungs, difficulty of breathing, Colds, Coughs etc. A. 4. It's manner of reception is with a Liquoris stick, bruised at end, to take up some and retain it in the mouth, till it melt of its own accord. Lohoch de Farfara. Page 79. in the Latin Book. Or, Lohoch of Coltsfoot. The College] Take of Coltsfoot roots cleansed eight ounces, Marshmallow roots four ounces cleansed, boil them in a sufficient quantity of water, and press the pulp out through a sieve, dissolve this again in the Decoction, and let it boil once or twice, then take it from the fire, and add two pound of white sugar, Honey of Raisins, sourteen ounces, juice of Liquoris two drachms and an half, stir them stoutly with a wooden pestle, mean season sprinkle in saffron, and Cloves of each a scruple, cinnamon and Mace, of each two scruples, make them into a Lohoch according to art. Culpeper] A. It was invented by an uncertain, or an unrevealed Author for the Cough, and they that cannot get a better nor a cheaper may freely use this, for the College gives them leave if they appoint it, not else; those that have read the Augustan Physicians may read a cheaper there, and those that have not nor cannot, may know if they please, how they are led by the noses by a company of College gulls. Lohoch de Papavere. Page 79. in the Latin Book. Or, Lohoch of Poppies. The College] Take white Poppy seeds twenty four drachms, sweet Almonds blanched in Rose water, Pinenuts cleansed, Gum Arabic and Tragacanth of each ten drachms, juice of Liquoris an ounce, starch three drachms, the seeds of Lettuce, Purslain, Quinces of each half an ounce, Saffron a drachm, Penids four ounces, Syrup of Meconium three pound, make it into a Lohoch according to art. Culpeper] A. The right Worshipful, the College of Physicians, having found a Medicine called by this name in the Augustane Dispensatory, did as well as they could to alter it a little, that so they might make fools believe it was their own. It helps salt sharp and thin distillations upon the Lungs; it alleys the fury of such sharp humours which occasion both roughness of the throat, want of sleep, and fevers; It is excellent for such as are troubled with Pleuresies to take now and then a little of it. Lohoch è Passulis. Page 80. in the Latin Book. Or, Lohoch of Raisins. The College] Take of male Peony Roots, Liquoris of each half an ounce, Hyssop, 〈◊〉, Hartstongue, or Cetrach of each half a handful, boil them in spring water, and press them strongly, and by adding a pund of Raisins bruised, boil it again, pressing it through a linen cloth, then with a pound of white Sugar make it into a Lohoch according to art. Culpeper] A. Although this Medicine be seldom in use with us in England, yet by report of foreign Physicians, it is very prevalent, both against coughs, consumptions of the Lungs, and other vices of the breast, and is usually given to children for such diseases, as also for the o The difference of which two diseases is not much. convulsions, and falling sickness, and indeed the simples testify no less. Lohoch è Pino. Page 80. in the Latin Book. Or, Lohoch of Pinenuts. The College] Take of Pinenuts, fifteen drachms, sweet Almonds, Hazel nuts gently roasted, Gum- Arabic, and Tragacanth, powder and juice of Liquoris, white starch, Maidenhair, Orris Roots of each two drachms, the pulp of Dates seventeen drachms, bitter Almonds one drachm and an half, Honey of Raisins, white Sugar-Condy, fresh Butter, of each two ounces, Honey one pound and an half, dissolve the Gums in so much Decoction of Maidenhair as is sufficient, let the rest be mixed over a gentle fire, and stirred that so it may be made into a Lohoch. Culpeper] A. Before, the College followed the Augustan Physicians to a hair, and indeed who can blame them for following wiser men than themselves, now they have altered the quantities, of the simples, and if you ask them the reason why they did so, you shall have the same answer Balaam gave when he disputed with his Ass, `` Oh, that there were a sword in `` my hand that I might kill thee. A. The Medicine is excellent for continual coughs, and difficulty of breathing, it succours such as are o Asthma, is a disease when thick tough phlegm sticks in the lappets of the Lungs. Asthmatick, for it cuts and attenuates tough humours in the breast. Lohoch de Portulaca. Page 80. in the Latin Book. Or, Lohoch of Purslain. The College] Take of the strained juice of Purslam two pound, Troches of terra Lemnla two drams, Troches of Amber, gum-arabic, Dragon's blood of each one drachm, Lapis Hematitis, the wool of a Hare toasted, of each two scruples, white Sugar one pound, mix them together, that so you may make a Lohoch of them. Culpeper] A. The Medicine is so terribly binding that it is better let alone than taken, unless in inward bruises when men spit blood, than you may safely take a little of it; if you would know whence they stole it, it was from Ausberg: you shall shortly hear the Augustan Physicians come with Hu and Cry after the College, and cry, STOP THIEFS! Lohoch è Pulmone Vulpis. Page 81. in Lat. Book. Or, Lohoch of Fox Lungs. The College] Take of Fox Lungs rightly prepared, juice of Liquoris, Maidenhair, Annis seeds, sweet Fennel seeds, of each equal parts, Sugar dissolved in Coltsfoot and Scabious water and boiled into a Syrup, three times their weight; the rest being in fine powder, let them be put to it and strongly stirred together, that it may be made into a Lohoch according to art. Culpeper] A. Look what pains the College hath taken in altering this Receipt, here is a little Scabious water added and that's all: Why should they think themselves wiser than Mesue, when they are not (God knows) half so honest. A. Mesue appoints sixteen ounces of Honey, and no Sugar nor uncertain quantity of any thing, and reason itself will tell you Honey is most densing. A It cleanseth and uniteth ulcers in the Lungs and breast, and is a present remedy in Phtisicks. Lohoch sanum et Expertum. Page 81. in L. Book. Or, A sound and well Experienced Lohoch. The College] Take of dried Hyssop and Calaminth of each half an ounce, Jujubes, Sebestens, the stones being taken out, fifteen, Raisins of the Sun stoned, p Now they appointed fat Figs as I bid them last time. fat Figs, Dates, of each two ounces, Linseed Fenugrick seed, of each five drachms, Maidenhair one handful, Annis seeds, and sweet Fennel seeds, Orris Roots cut, Liquoris, Cinnamon, of each an ounce; boil them all according to art in four pound of clear water till half be consumed, and with two pound of 〈◊〉 boil it into a syrup, afterwards cut and bruise very small Pinenuts five drachms, sweet Almonds blanched, Liquoris, Gum Tragacanth and Arabic, white Starch, of each three drachms, let these be put into the Syrup when it is off from the fire, and stir it about swiftly with a wooden pestle till it look white. Culpeper] A Only Mesue appoints one drachm less of Linseeds, and whereas they appoint white Sugar, he appoints Penids, else the Receipt is verbatim. A It succours the Breast, Lungs, Throat, and * Or wind pipe. Trachaea Arteria oppressed by cold, it restores the voice lost by reason of cold, and attenuate thick and gross humours in the Breast and Lungs. Lohoch Scilliticum. Page 81. in the Latin Book. Or, Lohoch of Squils'. The College] Take three drachms of a Squill baked in past, Orris Roots two drachms; Hyssop, Horehound, of each one drachm, Saffron, Myrrh, of each half a drachm, Honey two ounces and an half, bruise the Squill, after it is baked, in a stone Mortar, and after it hath boiled a walm or two with the Honey, put in the rest of the things in powder, diligently stirring it, and make it into a Lohoch according to art. Culpeper] A. In their former Edition (if they be not ashamed to own it, as they need not for they cannot mend it) they quoted another Lohoch of Squills, and said it was Mesue's, but they were beside the cushion, it was this. Eclegma of Squils'. Mesue. The College] Take of the juice of Squils' and Honey, both of them clarified, of each two ponud, boil them together according to art to the consistence of Honey. A. And my Descant upon it was this, A. How the name of Mesue came to be obtruded upon this Receipt I know not; this I am confident of, Galen was the Author of it, neither is it probable the College would have given the name of Eclegma, but Lohoch, had it been the Receipt of an Arabian; neither can it be the Printers fault, for he vapours at the latter end of the Book, that he hath made none, and he hath done it in English, that the vulgar may understand THAT in the Book, though nothing else. A. Ah ha, quoth they, have we got the rung Sow by the ear, and hath he found out our knavery? it cannot be holp, we will leave out that here, and steal one from Mesue to put instead of it, which is what they prescribed but now; and just as I was writing of this I heard my neighbour's dogs howl, it may be it was because he was ashamed of their baseness, or else because if they had that trick, they had others worse. A. For the virtues of it see Vinegar of Squils', and Oximel of Squils', only this is more mild, and not so harsh to the throat, because it hath no Vinegar in it, and therefore is far more fitting for Asthames, and such as are troubled with difficulty of breathing, it cuts and carries away humours from the breast, be they thick or thin, and wonderfully helps indigestion of victuals, and easeth pains in the breast; and for this I quote the Authority of Galen. Always take this as a general Aphorism in Physic, Sour things we offensive to the Windpipe. A. lohoch's left out in their new Moddel, because they must be doing. Lohoch of Coleworts. Gordonius. The College] Take one pound of the Juice of Coleworts, clarified, Saffron three drachms, clarified Honey and Sugar, of each half a pound, make of them a Lohoch according to art. Culpeper] A. It helps hoarseness, and loss of voice, easeth surfeits and Headache coming of drunkenness, and opens obstructions of the Liver and Spleen, and therefore is good for that disease in children which women call the Rickets. PRESERVED ROOTS, STALKS, BARKS, FLOWERS, FRUITS, PULPS. TAke of Eringo Roots as many as you will, cleanse them without and within, the * If you would see the pith, you must put on your Spectacles; surely the College mistook a Tobacco-pipe for the pith. Pith being taken out, steep them two days in clear water, shifting the water sometimes, then dry them with a cloth, then take their equal weight in white Sugar, and as much Rose water as will make it into a syrup, which being almost boiled, put in the Roots, and let them boil till the moisture be consumed, and it be brought to the due body of a Syrup. Not much unlike to this, are preserved the Roots of Acorus, Angelica, borage, Bugloss, Succory, Alicampane, Burnet, Satyrion, Sicers, Comfry the greater, Ginger, Zedoary. Take of the Stalks of Artichokes not too ripe as many as you will, and (contrary to the Roots) take only the pith of these, and preserve them with their equal weight in Sugar like the former. So is prepared the Stalks of Angelica, Burrs, Lettuce etc. before they be too ripe. Take of fresh Orange Pills as many as you will, take away the exterior yellowness, and steep them in spring water three days at the least, often renewing the water, then preserve them like the former. In like manner are Lemmon and Citron Pills preserved. Preserve the Flowers of q But where must we have them? Citrons, Oranges, borage, Primroses, with Sugar according to art. Take of Apricocks as many as you will, take away the outer skin and the Stones, and mix them with their like weight in Sugar, after four hours take them out, and boil the Sugar without any other Liquor, than put them in again, and boil them a little. Other Fruits have the same manner of being preserved, or at least not much unlike to it, as whole Barberries, Cherries, Cornels, Citrons, Quinces, Peaches, common Apples, the five sorts of Myrobalans, Hazel Nuts, Walnuts, Nutmegs, Raisins of the Sun, Pepper brought green from India, Plums Garden and wild, Pears, Grapes. Pulps are also preserved, as of Barberries, Cassia Fistula, Citrons, * I think they mean the fruit of Briars, a choaky thing, just like the College, and good for as little. Cynosbatus, Quinces, and Sloes, etc. Take of Barberries as many as you will, boil them in spring Water till they are tender, then having pulped them through a sieve, that they are free from the stones, boil it again in an Earthen vessel over a gentle fire often stirring them for fear of burning, till the watery humour be consumed, then mix ten pound of Sugar with six pound of this Pulp, boil it to its due thickness. Broom Buds are also preserved, but with Brine and Vinegar, and so are Olives and Capars. Lastly, Amongst the Barks, Cinnamon, amongst the Flowers, Roses and Marigolds, amongst the Fruits, Almonds, Cloves, Pinenuts and Fistick Nuts, are said to be preserved but with this difference, they are encrusted with dry sugar, and are more called Consects than Preserves. CONSERVES AND SUGARS. The College. CONSERVES of the Herbs of 〈◊〉, Sorrel, Woodsorrel, the Flowers of 〈◊〉, borage, Bugloss, Bettony, Marigolds, the tops of 〈◊〉 the Flowers of Centaury the 〈◊〉, 〈◊〉 flowers, Germander, Succory, the Leaves of 〈◊〉, the Flowers of 〈◊〉 the greater, * I know not what they mean by Citraria nor what by Cynosbatus, unless they mean Briar flowers which have as much virtue in the as the College. 〈◊〉; Cynosbati, the roots of Spurge, Herbs and Flowers of Eyebright, the tops of 〈◊〉, 〈◊〉, the Flowers of Broom not quite open, Hyssop, Lavender, white Lilies, Lilies of the Valley, Marsoram, Mallows; the tops of Bawm, the Leaves of Mints, the Flowers of water Lilies, red Poppies, Peony, Peaches, Primroses, Roses, damask, red, Rosemary, the leaves of Rue, the flowers of Sage, Elder, Scabious, the Leaves of Scordium, the flowers of Limetree, Coltsfoot, Violets; with all these are Conserves made with their treble proportion of white Sugar, yet note, that all of them must not be 〈◊〉 〈◊〉, some of them must be cut, 〈◊〉 and gently 〈◊〉 some neither cut, beaten, nor boiled, and some admit but one of them, which every Artist in his Trade may find out by this Premonition and avoid error. Culpeper] A. What a half-faced order to make up Conserves do the College here leave? Indeed it belongs to the Apothecary's Trade, Is it not sufficient for a gentle man to go to a Smith and bid him shoe his Horse, but he must go about to teach him how to make his shoes and nails? would he not by meddling with what he hath no skill in, quickly show what a Lubber he is? and what then can one say of the College? Mutato nomine de te, fabula narratur. SUGARS. Diacodium Solidum, sive Tabulatum. Page 86. The College] Take of white Poppy heads, meanly ripe and newly gathered, twenty, steep them in three pound of warm spring water, and the next day boil them till the virtue is out, then strain out the Liquor, and with a sufficient quantity of good Sugar, boil it according to art that you may make it into Lozenges. Culpeper] A. This Receipt is transcribed verbatim from the Augustan Physicians, though the College (through forgetfulness or something else) hide it, the virtues are the same with the common Diacodium, viz. to provoke sleep and help thin Rheums in the head, coughs and roughness of the Throat, and may easily be carried about in one's pocket. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Simplex, et Perlatum. P. 86. Or, 〈◊〉 of Sugar, both Simple and 〈◊〉. The College] The first is made by pouring the Sugar out upon a Marble; after a sufficient boiling in half its 〈◊〉 of Damask Rofe water) And the latter by adding to every pound of the former towards the latter end of the Decoction, Pearls prepared and bruised half an ounce, with eight or ten Leaves of Gold. Culpeper] A. Here the College have left out that blasphemous speech, which I cannot write without horror, nor an honest man read without trembling, viz. To call a little Rose-water and Sugar boiled together, THE HAND OF CHRIST: The truth is, if they had left out the rest of the blasphemies, I should have had some hopes they would in time turn honest, but I see to my grief they remain: especially that abominable blasphemy in their Dedicatory Epistle to King James, which they having not 〈◊〉 enough to alter, 〈◊〉 let stand, or else it was because like Sodom, they would declare their sin and hide it not, but manifest to the world in the sight of the Sun, that they are not a College of Christians, but of RANTERS, by calling KING JAMES their GOD; blush O Sun at such blasphemy. It may be they left it out because King Charles is dead, for worshipping old Jemmy for God, 'tis more than probable they worshipped his Son for Christ; and their Tubelary gods being apud Inferos, gives me some hopes they will follow them quickly, and so all the Tyrants will go together. A. It is naturally cooling, apropriated to the heart, it restores lost strength, takes away burning fevers, and false imaginations, (I mean that with Pearls, for that without Pearls is ridiculous) it hath the same virtue's Pearls have. Saccharum Tabellatum Compositum. Page 86. Or, Lozenges of Sugar Compound. The College] Take of choice Rhubarb four scruples, Agrick Trochiscated, Corallina, burnt Hartshorn, Dittany of Crect, Wormseed and Sorrel seed, of each a scruple, 〈◊〉, 〈◊〉, 〈◊〉, Saffron, of each half a scruple, white Sugar a pound, dissolved in four ounces of warmwood water, warmwood Wine an ounce, Cinnamon water a spoonful, with the forenamed poudersmake it into Lozenges according to art. Culpeper] A. The title shows you the virtues of it: for my part I think in penning of it, they made a long Harvest of a little Corn. Saccharum Penidium. Page 86. in Latin Book. Or, Sugar Penids. The College] Aretina prepared of Sugar dissolved in spring water by a gentle fire, and the whites of Eggs diligently beaten, and clarified once, and again whilst it is boiling, then slrain it and boil it gently again, till it rise up in great bubbles, and being chewed it stick not to your teeth, than power it upon a Marble, anointed with Oil of Almonds, (let the bubbles first sink, after it is removed from the fire) bring back the outsides of it to the middle till it look like larch Rozin, than your hands being rubbed with white starch, you may draw it into threads either short or long, thick or thin, and let it cool in what form you please. Culpeper] A. I remember Country people were wont to take them for coughs, and they are sometimes used in other Compositions. Confectio de Thure. Page 87. in the Latin Book. Or, Confection of Frankincense. The College] Take Coriander seeds prepared half an ounce, Nutmegs, white Frankincense, of each three drachms; Liquoris, Mastich, of each two drachms; Cubebs, Hartshorn prepared of each one drachm, Conserves of red Roses an ounce, white Sugar as much as is sufficient to make it into mean bits. Culpeper] A. I cannot boast much neither of the rariety nor virtues of this Receipt. Saccharum Rosatum. Page 87. in the Latin Book. Or, Sugar of Roses. The College] Take of red Rose Leaves the whites being cut off, and speedily dried in the Sun an ounce, white Sugar a pound, melt the Sugar in Rose water and juice of Roses of each two ounces, which being consumed by degrees put in the Rose Leaves in Powder, mix them, put it upon a Marble, and make it into Lozenges according to art. Culpeper] A. As for the virtues of this, It strengthens weak stomaches, weak hearts, and weak brains, restores such as are in consumptions, restores lost strength, stays fluxes, easeth pains in the head, ears, and eyes, helps spitting, vomiting, and pissing of blood; it is a fine commodity for a man in a Consumption to carry about with him, and eat now and then a bit. This they mended as I bid them, 'tis a comfort they will do something as they are bid. SPECIES OR POWDERS. Aromaticum Caryophyllatum. Page 88 in the Latin Book. College. TAke of Cloves seven drachms, Mace, Zedoary, Galanga the less, yellow Sanders, Troches, Diarrhodon, Cinnamon, wood of Aloes Indian Spicknard, long Pepper, Cardamons the less of each a drachm, red Roses four drachms, Gallia Moschata, Liquoris, of each two drachms, Indian leaf, Cubebs, of each two scruples, beat them all diligently into powder. Culpeper] A. This powder strengthens the heart and stomach, helps digestion, expelleth wind, stays vomiting, and cleanseth the stomach of putrified humours. This they have mended also, as I in my former Edition showed them. Aromaticum Rosatum. Page 88 in the Latin Book. The College] Take of red Roses exungulated fifteen drachms, Liquoris seven drachms, Wood of Aloes, yellow Sanders, of each three drachms, Cinnamon five drachms, Cloves, Mace, of each two drams and an half, gum-arabic, and Tragacanth of each eight scruples, Nutmegs, Cardamons the less, Galanga, of each one drachm, Indian Spicknard, two scruples, make it into powder to be kept in a glass for use. Culpeper] They have here only left out the Musk and Ambergris, viz. Musk one scruple, Ambergris two scruples, for fear the Receipt should be too good. A. It strengthens the brain, heart, and stomach, and all such internal Members as help towards concoction, it helps digestion, consumes the watery excrements of the bowels, strengthens such as are pined away by reason of the violence of a disease, and restores such as are in a consumption. Pulvis ex Chelis Cancrorum Compositus. Page 89. Or, Powder of Crabs Claws Compound. The College] Take of Pearls prepared, Crabs eyes, red Coral, white Amber, Hartshorn, Oriental Bezoar, of each half an ounce, Powder of the black tops of Crabs Claws, the weight of them all, beat them into powder which may be made into Balls with jelly, and theskins which our vipers have cast off, warily dried and kept for use. Culpeper] A. This is that powder they ordinarily call Gnscoigns powder, there are divers Receipts of it, of which this is none of the worst, thought the manner of making it up be antic and exceeding difficult if not impossible; but that it may be had to do a man good when Adders skins cannot be gotten you may make it up with jelly of Hartshorn, into which put a little Saffron: four, or five, or six grains is excellent good in a fever to be taken in any Cordial, for it cheers the heart and vital spirits exceedingly, and make them impregnable. Species Cordiales Temperatae. Page 89. in the Latin Book. The College] Take of wood of Aloes, Spodium of each a drachm, Cinnamon, Cloves, bone of a Stag's heart, the Roots of Angelica, Avens and Tormentil, of each a drachm and an half, Pearls prepared six drachms, raw silk toasted, both sorts of Coral of each two drachms, Jacinth, Emerald, Saphir, of each half a drachm, Saffron a scruple, the leaves of Gold and Silver, of each * How big must they be? ten make them into powder according to art. Culpeper] A. Musk and Ambergris of each half a drachm, is here left out; it was not done for cheapness, for it will still be dear enough; but the world changeth so doth the College, the world grows worse and worse so do the College. A. It is a great Cordial, a great strengthener both of the heart and brain. Diacalaminthe Simple. Page 89. in the Latin Book. The Colled] Take of mountain Calaminth, Penyroyal, Origanum, the seeds of Macedonian Parsley, common Parsley, and Hartwort, of each two drachms, the seeds of Smallage, the tops of Time of each half an ounce, the seeds of Lovage, black Pepper, of each an ounce, make them into powder according to art. Culpeper] A. It heats and comforts cold bodies, cuts thick and gross phlegm, provokes urine & the terms in women. I confess this differs something from Galen, but is better at leastwise for our bodies in my opinion than his. It expels wind exceedingly, you may take half a drachm of the powder at a time. There is nothing surer than that all their Powders will keep better in Electuaries than they will in Powders, and most part of them were quoted Electuaries by the Authors whence they had them; and into such a body, if you please you may make it with two pound and an half of white Sugar dissolved in Rose-water. Diacalaminthe Compound. Page 89. in the Latin Book. The College] Take of Diacalaminthe simple half an ounce, The Leaves of Horehound, Marjoram, Bawm, Mugwort, Savin dried, of each a drachm, Cyperus Roots, the seeds of Maddir and Rhue, Mace, Cinnamon, of each two scruples, beat them and mix them diligently into a powder according to art. Culpeper] A. This seems to be more apropriated to the feminine gender than the former, viz. to bring down the terms in women, to bring away the birth and afterbirth, to purge them after labour, yet is it dangerous for women with child. Dianisum. Page 90. in the Latin Book. The College] Take of Annis seeds two ounces and an half, Liquoris, Mastich, of each an ounce, the seeds of Caraway, Fennel, Galanga, Mace, Ginger, Cinnamon, 〈◊〉 five drachms, the three sorts of Pepper, 〈◊〉 Lignea, Mountain Calaminth, Pellitòry of Spain of each two drachms, Cardamons the greater, Cloves, Cubebs, Indian Spicknard, Saffron, of each a drachm and an half, make them into powder. Culpeper] A. Mesue appointed this to be made into an Electuary, it is chiefly apropriated to the stomach, and helps the cold infirmities thereof, raw phlegm, wind, continual coughs, and other such diseases coming of cold. You may safely take a drachm of the Electuary at a time. You may make an Electuary of it with its treble weight of clarified Honey. Pulvis Radicum Ari Compositus. Page 90. Or, Powder of Aron Roots Compound. The College] Take of Aron Roots two ounces, of common Water-slag and Burnet, of each one ounce, Crabs Eyes half an ounces Cinnamon three drachms, Salt of Wormwood, and Juniper of each one drachm, make them into powder. Culpeper] A. And when you have done, tell me what 'tis good for. Diaireos' Simple. Page 90. The College] Take of Orris Roots half an ounce, Sugar Candy, Diatragacanthum frigidum, of each two drachms, make them into powder. Culpeper] A. I do not mean the Diatragacanthum frigidum, for that is in powder before. It comforts the breast, is good in colds, coughs, and hoarseness. You may mix it with any pectoral Syrups which are apropriated to the same diseases, and so take it with a Liquoris stick. Dialacca. Page 90. in the Lat. Book. The College] Take of Gum-lacca prepared, Rhubarb, Schaenanth, of each three drachms, Indian Spicknard, Mastic, the Juice of Wormwood and Agrimony made thick, the seeds of Small age, Annis, Fennel, Ammi, Savin, Bitter Almonds, Myrrh, Costus or Zedoary, the Roots of Maddir Asarabacca, Birthwort long and round, Gentian, Saffron, Cinnamon, dried Hyssop, Cassia Lignea, Bdellium of each a dram and an half, black Pepper, Ginger, of each a drachm, make them into powder according to art. Culpeper] A. If the College were made to fast till they could beat this into powder, they would make such poor— weak— Receipts in a little time. A. According to Mesue you ought to dissolve the Myrrh and Bdellium in Wine, and together with the simples, beaten in fine powder, make it into an Electuary with a sufficient quantity of clarified Honey. It strengthens the stomach and liver, opens obstructions, helps dropsies, yellow jaundice, provokes urine, breaks the stone in the reins and bladder. Half a drachm is a moderate dose; if the patient be strong they may take a drachm in white Wine: let women with child forbear it. Pulvis Cardiacus Magistralis. Page 91. in the Latin Book. The College] Take of East Bezoar, Bone of a Stag's heart of each a drachm and an half, Magisterium of white and red Coral, white Amber, Magisterium of Pearl, Hartshorn, Ivory, 〈◊〉, Earth of Germany, 〈◊〉 and Lemnos, Elks Claw, 〈◊〉 Roots of each a drachm, Wood of Aloes, 〈◊〉 Pills, the Roots of Angelica and Zedoary, of each two scruples, Leaves of Gold twenty, Ambergris one scruple, Musk six grains, mix them and make them into powder. Culpeper] A. It is too dear for a vulgar purse, yet a mighty Cordial and great strengthner of the Heart and Vitals in Fevers. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉. Page 91. in the Latin Book. The College] Take of the four greater cold seeds, the seeds of Purslain, white Poppies, Endive, Sorrel, Citrons, the three 〈◊〉, Wood of Aloes Ginger, red Roses 〈◊〉, the Flowers of 〈◊〉, Bugtoss, Violets, the 〈◊〉 of Myrtles, bone in a Stag's heart, Ivory, 〈◊〉 a 〈◊〉, 〈◊〉, of each one drachm, both sorts of Coral, of each half a drachm, Pearls, three drachms, Camphire six grains, make them into powder according to art. Observe that the four greater cold 〈◊〉, and the Poppy seeds are not to be added before the powder be required by the Physician for use. Do so by the other powder in the Composition of which these powders are used. Culpeper.] A. Here may you see what a labarinth the College have run themselves into through their 〈◊〉, viz. because they would seem to be singular in Sayiing contrary to wiser Physicians, they run upon two dangerous Rocks in this one Receipt, 1. It is a costly Cordial, and not usually above one drachm of it (very seldom half so much) given at one time, and these Seeds excepted against in their caution, and upon grounds just enough, are not the tenth part of the Composition, which (a drachm being prescribed) is but six grains, which six grains must be divided into five equal parts (a nice point) one part for each seed. 2. If this Rock were put off, yet then can you not beat them into powder alone because they are so moist, and yet is not mended now; sure they are mad, and there is some hopes they will not live long. They have left out the Ambergris six grains, and the Roman Doronicum, instead of which they put in the like quantity of Contra yerva. A. As for the virtues of it, Authors hold it to be restorative in consumptions, to help such as are in hectic Fevers, to restore strength lost, to help Coughs, Asthmaes, and consumptions of the lungs, and restore such as have laboured long under languishing or pining diseases. Diambra. Page 92. in the Latin Book. The College.] Take of Cinnamon, Angelica Roots, Cloves, Mace, Nutmegs, Indian Leaf, Galanga, of each three drachms, Indian Spicknard, Cardamons, greater and lesser of each one drachm, Ginger a dram and an half, Wood of Aloes, yellow Sanders, long Pepper, of each two drachms, Ambergris a 〈◊〉 and an half, Musk half a drachm, make them all into powder according to art. Culpeper.] A. Mesue apropriates this to the head, and saith, it heats and strengthens the brain, causeth mirth, helps concoction, cherisheth the Animal, Vital, and Natural Spirit, it strengthens the heart and stomach, and resists all cold diseases, and is therefore special good for women and old men. Your best way is to make it into an Electuary, by mixing it with three times its weight of clarified Honey, and take the quantity of a Nutmeg of it every morning. Here also they have left out Doronicum, and put in Angelica Roots; sure they hate Doronicum as bad as they hate Honesty. Diamoschu Dulce. Page 92. in the Latin Book. The College] Take of Saffron, Galanga, Zedoary, Wood of Aloes, Mace of each two drachms, Pearls raw Silk toasted, white Amber, red Coral prepared, Gallia Moschata, Bazill, of each two drachms and an half, Ginger, Cubebs, long Pepper of each a dram and an half, Nutmegs, Indian Leaf or Cinnamon, Cloves, of each one drachm, Musk two scruples, make them into powder according to art. Culpeper] A. It wonderfully helps cold afflictions of the brain, that come without a fever, melancholy and its attendance, viz. sadness without a cause etc. Vertigo or dissiness in the head, Falling-sickness, Palsies, resolution of the nerves, Convulsions, Heart-qualms, afflictions of the Lungs, and difficulty of breathing. The dose of the powder is half a drachm, or two seruples, or less, according to the age or strength of him or her that takes it. Mesue appoints it to be made into an Electuary with clarified Honey, and of the Electuary, two drachms is the dose; the time of taking it is, in the morning fasting. Diamoschu Amarum. Page 92. in the Latin Book. The College] Is prepared by adding to the forenamed Wormwood, dried Roses of each three drams, Aloes half an ounce, Cinnamon two drachms and an half, Castorium and Lovage of each one drachm, make them into powder. Culpeper] A. Besides the virtues of the former, it purgeth the stomach of putrified humours. Species Dianthus. Page 93. in the Latin Book. The College] Take of Rosemary flowers an ounce, red Roses, Violets, Liquoris, of each six drachms, Cloves, Indian Spicknard, Nutmegs, Galanga, Cinnamon, Ginger, Zedoary, Mace, Wood of Aloes, Cardamons the less, the seeds of Dill and Annis, of each four scruples, make them into powder according to art. Culpeper] A. It strengthens the heart and helps the passions thereof, it causeth a joyful and cheerful mind, and strengthens such as have been weakened by long sickness, it strengthens cold stomaches, and helps digestion notably. The dose is half a drachm, you may make it into an Electuary with Honey, and take two drachms of that at a time. Diapenidion. Page 93. in the Latin Book. The College] Take of Penidies two ounces, Pine-nuts, sweet Almonds blanched, white Poppy seeds, of each three drachms and a scruple, [Cinnamon, Cloves, Ginger, (which three being omitted it is Diapenidion without Species] Juice of Liquoris, Gum Tragacanth, and Arabic, white Starch, the four greater cold seeds 〈◊〉, of each a drachm and an half, Camphire seven grains, make them into powder. Culpeper] A. It helps the vices of the breast, coughs, colds, hoarseness, and consumptions of the lungs, as also such as spit matter. You may mix it with any pectoral Syrup, and take it with a Liquoris stick, if you fancy the Powder best; but if the Electuary, you may take a drachm of it upon a knife's point at any time when the cough comes. Diarrhodon Abbatis. Page 93. in the Latin Book. The College] Take of Sanders white and red, of each two drachms and an half; Gum Tragacanth, Arabic, Ivory, of each two scruples; 〈◊〉 roots, Maslick, Indian Spicknard, Cardamons, Liquoris, Saffron, Wood of Aloes, Cloves, Gallia Moschata, Annis and sweet Fennel seeds, Cinnamon, Rhubarb, Bazil Seeds, Barberry seeds, the seeds of Succory, Purslain, the four greater cold Seeds cleansed, white Poppy seeds, of each one scruple; Pearls, bone of a Stag's heart of each half a scruple; red Roses exangulated, one ounce and three drachms; Camphire seven grains, make them into powder according to art. Culpeper] A. It cools the violent heat of the heart and stomach, as also of the liver, lungs and Spleen, easeth pains in the body, and most infirmities coming to the body by reason of heat. The dose of the Powder is half a drachm, and two ounces of the Electuary, into which with Sugar dissolved in Rose-water you may make it; and can the College justly say 'tis destructive to the Commonwealth? Diaspoliticum. Page 94. in the Latin Book. The College] Take of Cummin seeds steeped in Vinegar and dried, long Pepper, 〈◊〉 leaves, of each an ounce, Niter half an ounce, make them into powder. Culpeper] A. It is an admirable remedy for such whose meat is putrified in their stomcahs, it helps cold stomaches, cold belchings and windy. You may take half a drachm after meat, either in a spoonful of Muskadel, or in a Syrup of Myrtles or Quinces, or any Cordial Water whose effects is the same. Species Diatragacanthi srigidi. Page 94. in the Latin Book. The College] Take of Gum Tragacanth two ounces, Gum Arabic an ounce and two drachms, white starch half an ounce, Liquoris, the seeds of Melones and white Poppies, of each three drachms, the seeds of Citruls, Cucumbers and Guords of each two drachms, Penids three ounces, Camphire half a scruple, make of them a Powder according to art. Also you may make an Electuary of them with a sufficient quantity of Syrup of Violets; but have a care of what was told you before, Of the seeds. (quoth the College, Before, when all honesty was not fled from them to Heaven.) A. If you please to put in the cold seeds (which the Reverend College appoints to be left out, till the Powder come to be used, and then 'tis impossible to put them in, as I showed before, page 122.) and so make it up into an Electuary; then I can tell you what the virtues are: It helps the faults of the breast and Lungs coming of heat and dryness, it helps Consumptions, Leanness, Inflammations of the sides, Pleuresies etc. hot and dry Coughs, roughness of the Tongue and Jaws: but how to make aught of the Receipt as the College have ordered it, belongs to another Oepidibus and not to me. It is your best way to make the Electuary very moist, and take now and then a little of it with a Liquoris stick. Diatrion 〈◊〉. Page 94. in the Latin Book. The College] Take of the three sorts of Peppers of each six drachms and fifteen grains, Annis seeds 〈◊〉, Ginger of each one drachm, beat them into 〈◊〉 〈◊〉. Culpeper.] A. It heats the stomach and expels wind. Half a drachm in powder, or two drachms in Electuary (for so Galen who was Author of it appoints it to be made with clarified Honey, a sufficient quantity) if age and strength permit; if not, half so much, is a sufficient dose, to be taken before meat, if to heat the stomach and help digestion; after meat, if to expel wind. Diatrion Santalon. Page 94. in the Latin Book. The College] Take of all the sorts of Sanders, red Roses, of each three drachms, Rhubard, Ivory, Juice of Liquoris, Purslain seeds of each two drams and fifteen grains, white Starch, Gum Arabic, Tragacanth, the seeds of Melones, Cucumbers, Citruls, Guords, Endive, of each a drachm and an half; Camphire a scruple, make them into powder according to art. Culpeper.] A. It is very profitable against the heat of the stomach and liver, besides it wonderfully helps such as have the yellow Jaundice, and consumptions of the Lungs. You may safely take a drachm of the powder, or two drachms of the Electuary in the morning fasting; for most of their powder will keep better by half in Electuaries, and were so appointed by those from whence they stole them. Pulvis Haly. Page 95. in the Latin Book. The College] Take of white Poppy seeds ten drachms; white Starch, Gum Arabic and 〈◊〉, of each three drachms, the seeds of Purslain, Marsh-mallows, Mallows, of each five drachms, of Cucumbers, 〈◊〉, Guords, Citruls, Quinces, of each seven drachms, Ivory, Liquoris, of each three drachms; Penids, the weight of them all, make them into powder according to art. Culpeper.] A. It is a gallant cool Powder, sit for all hot imperfections of the breast and Lungs, as consumptions, pleuresies, etc. A. Your best way is to make it into a soft Electuary with Syrup of Violets, and take it as Diatragacanthum frigidum. They have only taken a little pains to less purpose to alter the quantities, else 'tis the same with their former. Laetisicans. Page 95. in the Latin Book. The College] Take the flowers of Clove-Bazil, or the seeds thereof, Saffron, Zedoary, Wood of Aloes, Cloves, Citron Pills, Galanga, Mace, Nutmegs, Styrax Calamitis of each two drachms and an half, Ivory, Annis seeds, Time, Epithimum, of each one dram, bone of a Stag's heart, Pearls, Camphire, of each half a drachm, 〈◊〉 of Gold and Silver of each half a scruple, make it into powder according to art. Culpeper] A. It causeth a merry heart, a good colour, helps digestion, and keeps back old age. You may mix half a drachm of it to take at one time, or less if you please, in any Cordial Syrup, or cordial Electuary apropriated to the same uses. Pulvis Bezoardicus Magistralis. P. 95. in L. Book. Or, A Bezoartick Powder Magisterial. The College] Take of Saphire, Ruby, Jacinth, Granates, Emerald of each a drachm, Terra Lemnia, Bolearmenick, red Coral prepared, Pearls prepared of each two drachms, Zedoary, Unicorns horn, East and West Bezoar, Musk, Ambergris, Camphire, Squinanth, Saffron, of each half a drachm, yellow Sanders, Wood of Aloes, Benjamin, of each two scruples, Magisterial Phylonium four scruples, bone of a 〈◊〉 heart Citron Pills, Chermes, of each half a drachm, Chemical Oil of Cinnamon and Nutmegs of each five drops, make of them a most subtle Powder according to art. Culpeper] A. Surely the College laid all their heads together to invent a Cordial that should be so dear no body should buy it, I am afraid to look upon it. 'Tis a great Cordial to revive the body, but it will bring the purse into consumption. Species confectionis Liberantis. Page 96. in the Latin Book. The College] Take of Tormentil Roots, the seeds of Sorrel, Endive, Coriander prepared, Citron, of each one drachm and an half, all the Sanders, white Dittany of each a drachm, Bolearmenick, Earth of Lemnos of each three drachms, Pearls, both sorts of Coral, white Amber, Ivory, Spodium, bone of a Stag's heart, the roots of Scrpentary, Avens, Angelica, Cardamons, 〈◊〉, Mace, Wood of Aloes, Cassia Lignea, Saffron, Zedoary, of each half a drachm, Penids, raw Silk toasted, Emeralds, Jacinth, Granate, the flowers of Water-lilies, Bugloss and red Roses, of each a scruple, Camphire seven grains, make them into powder according to art. Culpeper] A. The Scrpentary Roots are added, and Musk and Ambergris of each three grains, left out, because destructive to the Commonwealth. A. It is exceeding good in pestilential Fevers, and preserveth from ill airs, and keepeth the humours in the body from corruption, it cools the heart and blood, and strengtheneth such as are oppressed by heat; to conclude, it is a gallant cool cordial though costly. It being out of the reach of a vulgar man's purse, I omit the dose, let the Gentry and Nobility study Physic themselves, so shall they know it, for had they wanted hearts to that study no more than they wanted time and means, it had been far better for this Commonwealth than now it is. If a Gentleman have no skill in Physic himself, Dr. Dunce if he have a Plush Cloak on will serve his turn. Pulvis Saxonicus. Page 96. in the Latin Book. The College] Take of the Roots of both sorts of Angelica, Swallow-wort, 〈◊〉 Valerian, Polypodium of the Oak, Marsh-mallows, Nettles, of each half an ounce, the 〈◊〉 of Germane Mezereon, two drachms; twenty grains of Herb 〈◊〉- love, the Leaves of the same, Roots and all, thirty six; the Roots being steeped in Vinegar and 〈◊〉, beat it all into powder. Culpeper] A. It seems to be as great an expeller of poison, and as great a preservative against it, and the pestilence as one shall usually read of. Widdow-wail left out by 〈◊〉, Crato, and 〈◊〉: and out of question it makes the Receipt the worse, and not the 〈◊〉. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 intent the flower of herb True-love, thereby distinguishing it from one leaf of the flower, or whether they mean the flower and branch, is very difficult if not impossible to judge; for their word [cum toto] comprehends all, both root, branch, leaf, and flower. Pulvis Antilyssus. Page 97. in the Latin Book. The College] Take of the Leaves of Rue, Vervain, Sage,. Plantain, Polypodium, common Wormwood, Mints, Mugwort, Bawm, Bettony, St. John's wort, Centaury the less, of each equal parts, let them all be gathered in their greatest strength, which is about the full Moon in June, and dried speedily in a Warm Sun, and renewed yearly, and not beaten to powder till you have occasion to use them. Culpeper] A. I see now the College is not too old to learn how to dry Herbs, for before they appointed them to be dried in the shadow; I would they would learn humility and honesty, and mind the common good, and consider what infinite number of poor creatures perish daily (whom Christ hath 〈◊〉 purchased to himself, and bought with the price of his blood) through their hiding the rules of Physic from them, who else happily might be preserved if they knew but what the Herbs in their own Gardens were good for; with what face will they answer for this another day before God and the Lord Jesus Christ and the holy Angels? a few thoughts of this might put them upon such principles as might be a lengthening to their Tranquillity; but why do I spend time about them, seeing there is little hopes they will be honester? for why did they change the name of this Receipt from a powder against the bitings of Mad-dogs, to Pulvis Antilyssus? was it not because people should not know what it is good for, but if they be bitten, they may be mad and hang themselves for all them? I believe I have hit the nail at head the first blow. A drachm of the Powder is sufficient to take every morning. Rosatae Novellae. Page 97. in the Latin Book. The College] Take of red Roses, Liquoris, of each one ounce, one drachm, two scruples and an half; Cinnamon, * They should have added a quarter of a grain, and half a guarter. two drachms, two scruples, and two grains, Cloves, Indian Spicknard, Ginger, Galanga, Nutmegs, Zedoary, Styrax Calamitis, Cardamons, Parsly seeds of each one scruple eight grains, beat them into powder. Culpeper] A. Excellently penned, even to half a grain. A. It quencheth thirst, and stays vomiting, and the Author saith it helps hot and dry stomaches, as also heat and dryness of the heart, liver, and lungs, (yet is the powder itself hot) it strengthens the vital spirit, takes away heart-qualms, provokes sweat, and strengthens such as have laboured long under Cronical diseases. You may take a drachm of the Electuary every morning, if with clarified Honey you please to make it into such a body. Pulvis Thuraloes. Page 97. in the Latin Book. The College] Take of Frankincense a drachm, 〈◊〉 half a drachm, beat them into powder. Culpeper] A. And when you have occasion to use it, mix so much of it with the white of an a Beat the white of the Egg well first. Egg as will make it of the thickness of Honey, then dip the wool of a Hare in it, and apply it to the sore or part that bleedeth, binding it on. A. In my opinion this is a pretty Medicine, and will stick on till the sore be throughly healed, and then will come off of itself. I remember when I was a child, we applied such a medicine, (only we left out the Aloes and Frankincense, and used only Coneys wool and the white of an Egg) to kibed heels, and always with good success. And why could they not here set down the yertues and way to use it as they did last time? Do they delight to have the curses of the Widow and Fatherless, and the last groans of poor dying People ring in the ears of the Lord God Almighty against them, or did they think I was dead, they (and their Imps) having so often cursed me to the pit of Hell for doing my Country good? No, I would have them know that through the prayers of so many honest people, and so many that bless God for me, my life shall be lengthened to a longer date than their Charter, and when I die I shall have more weeping eyes accompanying me to the Grave than all they have friends in the whole Universe. Pulvis Hermodactylorum compositus. Page 97. Or, Powder of Hermodactils compound. The College] Take of men's bones burnt, Scammony, Hermodactils, Turbith, Senna, Sugar, of each equal parts, beat them into powder. Culpeper] A. 'Tis a devilish purge like themselves good for nothing but to destroy men; your souls being led to your graves by their directions like sheep to the slaughter, and know not whither you are going nor what hurts you, or if you do, are they questionable by law? Dear souls, avoid this Medicine, else the College will have men's bones enough to burn, it may be they appointed it for that end: And oh College, College, may I not use the speech of Cicero to you? jam vos non stultos ut semper, non improbos ut saepe, sed dementes et insae nos rebus addicam necessariis, I cannot now accout you sools as always, not wicked as sometimes, but mad men and lunatic, and prove it by good reasons; would you offer to appoint such a violent purger without any thing to correct it? God be merciful to your souls, for if you give such Physic you will kill more men by half than you cure, and men must give you an angel at least to kill them, when the hangman would do it at a cheaper rate. Pulvis Senae Compositus major. Page 98. in L. Book. Or, Powder of Scnna, the greater Composition. The College] Take of the seeds of Annis, 〈◊〉, Fennel, Cummin, Spicknard, Cinnamon, Galanga, of each half an ounce; Liquoris, Gromwel, of each an ounce, Senna the weight of them all, beat it into Powder. Culpeper] A. That this Receipt is gallantly composed none can deny, and is an excellent purge for such bodies as are troubled with the wind colic, or stoppage either of the guts or Kidneys; two drams taken in white Wine will work sufficiently with any ordinary body. Let weak men and children take less, keeping within doors, and warm. And why must the College spit their venom in defacing the name of the deceased Dr. Ralf, Holland with a deleatur? why should all be accounted their own when nothing indeed is theirs but folly and baseness. Pulvis 〈◊〉 Compositus minor. Page 98. in L. Book. Or, Powder of Senna, the lesser Composition. The College] Take of Senna two ounces, Cremor Tartar half an ounce, Mace two scruples and an half, Ginger, Cinnamon, of each a drachm and an half, Sal gem one drachm, beat it into powder according to art. Culpeper] A. This Powder purgeth melancholy, and cleanse the head; Montagnanus was the Author of it, only the College something altered the quantities of the Simples: the following powder works something violently by reason of the Scammony that is in it, this is more gentle, and may be given without danger, even two drachms at a time to ordinary bodies. I would not have the unskilful meddle with the following. Neither is it fitting for weak bodies and children; such as are strong may take a drachm, or a drachm and an half, mixing it with white Wine; let them take it early in the morning after they are up, and not fleep after it for fear of danger; two hours after let them drink warm posset drink, and six hours after eat a bit of warm Mutton, let them walk about the chamber often, and not stir out of it that day. Diasenae. Page 98. in the Latin Book. The College] Take of Senna, Cremor Tartar, of each two ounces, Cloves, Cinnamon, Galanga, Ammi, of each two drachms; Diacrydium half an ounce, beat it into powder according to art. Culpeper] A. Out of question some body had formerly cursed the College for calling so violent a purge a HOLY POWDER, and therefore now they changed the name; yet this Use may safely be made of their Doctrine, `` Themselves being violent, `` count the violentest things the most holy. Diaturbith with Rhubarb. Page 98. in the Latin Book. The College] Take of Turbith, Hermodactils, of each an ounce, Rhubarb ten drachms, Diacrydium half an ounce, Sanders red and white, Violets, Ginger, of each a drachm and an half, Mastic, Annis 〈◊〉, Cinnamon, Saffron of each half a drachm, make it into powder. Culpeper] A. This also purgeth phlegm and choler. Once more let me desire such as are unskilful in the rules of Physic, not to meddle with purges of this nature (unless prescribed by a skilful Physician) lest they do themselves more mischief in half an hour, than they can claw off again in half a year. Culpeper] The Powders they in their new Moddel have played the men and left out, are these: The lesser Cordial Powder. Fernelius. The College] Take of Hartshorn, Unicorns-horn, Pearls, Ivory, of each six grains: beat them into fine powder; If you mean to keep it, you may increase the quantity analogically. The greater Cordial Powder. Fern. The College] Take of the Roots of Tormentil, Dittany, Clovegilliflowers, Scabious, the seeds of Tormentil, Coriander prepared, Citron, Carduus Benedictus, Endive, Rue, of each one drachm; of the three sorts of a White, red, and yellow Sanders, Been white and red, (or if you cannot got them, take the Roots of Avens and Tormentil in their steads) Roman b A kind of 〈◊〉. Doronicum, Cinnamon, Cardamons, Saffron, the flowers of both sorts of c viz. borage and Bugloss. Bugloss, red Roses, and Water-lilies, Wood of Aloes, Mace, of each two scruples, Ivory, Spodium, Bone of a Stag's heart, red Coral, Pearls, Emeraled, Jacinth, Granate, of each one scruple, raw Silk d Dried or roasted by the fire. torrefied, Bole Armenick, Earth of Lemnos, of each half a drachm; Camphire, Ambergreese, Musk, of each 〈◊〉 grains; beat them into powder according to art, and with eight times their weight in white Sugar, dissolved in Rose-water, you may make them into Lozenges, if you please. Culpeper] A. Both this and the former Powder, are apropriated to the heart, (as the titles show) therefore they do strengthen that and the vital spirit, and relieve languishing nature. All these are Cordial Powders, and seldom above half a drachm of them given at a time, I suppose more for the cost of them than any ill effects they would work, they are too high for a poor man's purse, the Rich may mix them with any cordial Syrup or Electuary which they find apropriated to the same use these are. A Powder for such as are bruised by a Fall. The Augustan Physicians. The College] Take of Terra sigillata, e Dragon's blood, so called; though it be nothing less, but only the gum of a tree. Sanguis Draconis, Mummy, of each two drachms; Sperma Ceti one drachm; Rhubarb half a drachm: beat them into Powder according to art. Culpeper] A. You must beat the rest into powder, and then add the Sperma Ceti to them afterwards, for if you put the Sperma Ceti and the 〈◊〉 all together, and go to beat them in that fashion, you may as soon beat the Mortar into powder, as the Simples. Indeed your best way is to beat them severally, and then mix them all together, which being done, makes you a gallant medicine for the infirmity specified in the title, a drachm of it being taken in Muskadel, and sweeting after it. Species Electuarii Diacymini. Nicholaus. The College] Take of Cummin seeds, 〈◊〉 a natural day in Vinegar, one ounce and one scruple; Cianamon, Cloves, of each two drachms and an half; Galanga, Savory, Calamith, of each one drachm and two scruples; Ginger, black Pepper, of each two drachms and five grains; the seeds of Lovage and * Bishop's weed. Ammi, of each one drachm and eighteen grains; long Pepper one drachm; Spicknard, Nutmegs, Cardamons, of each two scruples and an half; beat them and keep them diligently in powder for your use. Culpeper.] A. It heats the stomach and bowels, expels wind exceedingly, helps the wind colic, helps digestion hindered by cold or wind, is an admirable remedy for wind in the guts, and helps 〈◊〉 agues. The powder is very hot, half a drachm is enough to take at one time, and too much if the patient be feverish; you may take it in white Wine. It is in my opinion a fine composed Powder. Species Electuarii Diagalangae. Mesue. The College.] Take of Galanga, 〈◊〉 of Aloes, of each six drachms; Cloves, 〈◊〉, seeds of Lovage of each two drachms; Ginger, long and white Pepper, Cinnamin, 〈◊〉 Aromaticus, of each a dram and an half; Calaminth, and Mints dried, Cardamons the 〈◊〉, Indian Spicknard, the seeds of Smallage, Annis Fennel, Carraway, of each one dram, beat them into Powder according to art. Also it may be made into an 〈◊〉 with white Sugar dissolved in Malaga Wine, or twelve times the weight of it of clarified Honey. Culpeper] A. I am afraid twelve times the weight of the weight of the simples is too much by half, if not by three parts: Honest Mesue appoints only a sufficient quantity, and quotes it only as an Electuary, which he saith prevails against wind, sour belchings, and indigestion, gross humours and cold afflictions of the stomach and liver. You may take half a drachm of the powder at a time, or two of the Electuary in the morning fasting, or an hour before meat. It helps digestion exceedingly, expels wind, and heats a cold stomach. Species Electuarii de Gemmis frigidi. The College] Take of Pearls prepared three drachms; Spodium, Ivory, both sorts of Coral, of each two drachms; the flowers of red Roses a dram and an half; Jacinth, Saphire, Emerald, Sardine, Granate, Sanders white red and yellow, the flowers of borage and Bugloss, the seeds of Sorrel and Bazil, both sorts of Been (for want of them, the Roots of Avens and Tormentil) of each one drachm; Bone of a Stag's heart half a drachm; Leaves of Gold and Silver of each fifteen: make of them all a powder according to art, and let it be diligently kept. Species Electuarii Diamagariton Calidi. Avicenna. The College.] Take of Pearls and Pellitory of the Wall; of each one drachm; Ginger, Mastich, of each half an ounce; Doronicum, Zedoary, Smallage seeds, both sorts of Cardamons, Nutmegs, Mace, of each two drachms; Been of both sorts (if they cannot be procured take the Roots of Avens and Tormentil) black and long Pepper of each three drachms; beat them into powder and keep them for your use. Culpeper] A. Avicenna prescribes this as an Electuary, and so are most of all the Colleges Powders prescribed by those by whom they borrowed them, as I told you before, and they will keep longer and better in Electuaries than in Powders; but people must be fantastical. A. This (quoth Avicenna) is apropriated to women, and in them to diseases incident to their matrix, but his reasons I know not; It is Cordial and heats the stomach. Lithontribon Nicholaus, according to Fernelius. The College] Take of Spicknard, Ginger, Cinnamon, black Pepper, Cardamons, Cloves, Mace, of each half a drachm; Costus, Liquoris, Cyperus, Traganth, Germander, of each two scruples; the seeds of h Ammi. Bishop's weed, Smallage, Asparagus, Bazil, Nettles, Citrons, Saxifrage, Burnet, Carraway, Carrots, Fennel, Bruscus, Parsly of Macedonia, Burrs, k Or Hartwort. Seseli, Asarabacca, of each one drachm; Lapis spongiae, Lyncis, Cancri, Judaici, of each one drachm and an half Goat's blood prepared an ounce and an half; beat them all into powder according to art. Culpeper] A. The truth is, the College have altered this Receipt much, and I am persuaded have made it much better, Neque enim benefacta malign, detractare meum est. A. It heats the stomach, and helps want of digestion coming through cold, it easeth pain in the belly and loins, the o A 〈◊〉 that causethmen to vomit up their Excrements. iliack passion, powerfully breaks the stone in the reins and bladder, it speedily helps the colic, strangury, and disury. The dose is from a drachm to half a drachm, take it either in white Wine, or Decotion of 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 to the same purposes. Pleres' Arconticon. Nicholaus. The College] Take of Cinnamon, Cloves, Galanga, wood of Aloes, Indian Spicknard, Nutmegs, Ginger, Spodium, Schoenanthus, Cyperus, c red Roses outof question: yet it seems the Coledg either did not know, or did not care which 〈◊〉, Violets of each one dcachm, Indian Leaf or Mace, Liquoris, Mastich, Styrax Calamitis, 〈◊〉, 〈◊〉, or Water-Mints, Bazil, Cardamons, long and white Pepper, Myrtle berries, and Citron pills, of each half a drachm and six grains, 〈◊〉, 〈◊〉 white and red (or if they be 〈◊〉 take the roots of Avens and Tormentil in their steads) red Coral, 〈◊〉 Silk, of each eighteen grains, Musk six grains, Camphire four grains, beat them into powder according to 〈◊〉, and with ten times their weight in Sugar dissolved in Bawm water you may make them into an Electuary. Culpeper.] A. It is exceedingly good for 〈◊〉, melancholy, lumpish, pensive, grieving, vexing, pining, sighing, sobbing, fearful, careful spirits, it strengthens weak stomaches exceedingly, and helps such as are prone to faintings and swoonings, it strengthens such as are weakened by violence of sickness, it helps bad memories, quickens all the senses, strengthens the brain and Animal spirit, helps the falling-sickness, and succours such as are troubled with Asthmacs, or other cold afflictions of the lungs. It will keep best in an Electuary, of which you may take a drachm in the morning, or more, as age and strength requires. A Preservative Powder against the Pestilence. Montagnan. The College] Take of all the d White, red, end yellow. Sanders, the seeds of Bazil, of each an ounce and an half; Bowl Armenick, Cinnamon, of each an ounce; the Roots of Dittany, Gentian and Tormentil of each two drams and an half; the seeds of Citron and Sorrel, of each two drachms; Pearls, Saphire, bone of a Stag's heart, of each one drachm: beat them into powder according to art. Culpeper.] A. The title tells you the virtue of it. Besides it cheers the vital spirit and strengthens the heart. You may take half a dram every morning either by itself, or mixed with any other convenient composition, whether Syrup or Electuary. Diaturbith the greater, without Rhubarb. The College.] Take of the best Turbith an ounce; Diagridium, Ginger, of each half an ounce; Cinnamon, Cloves, of each two drachms; Galanga, long Pepper, Mace, of each one drachm: beat them into Powder, and with eight ounces and five drachms of white Sugar dissolved in Succory Water, it may be made into an Electuary. Culpeper] A. It purgeth phlegm, being rightly administered by a skilful hand. I fancy it not. A Powder for the worms. The College] Take of Wormseed four nunces; Senna one ounce; Coriander seed prepared, Heart's horn, of each half a drachm; Rhubarb half an ounce; dried Rue two drachms: beat them into Powder. Culpeper] A. I like this Powder very well, the quantity (or to write more Scholastically, the dose) must be regulated according to the age of the patient, even from ten grains to a dram, and the manner of taking it by their palate: It is something purging. ELECTUARIES. Antidote analeptica. Page 99 in the Latin Book. College] TAke of red Roses, Liquoris, of each two drachms and five grains; Gum Arabic and Tragacanth of each two drachms and two scruples; Sanders white and red of each four scruples, Juice of Liquoris, white Starch, the seeds of white Poppies, Purslain, Lettuce, and Endive of each three drachms, the four greater cold seeds husked, the seeds of Quinces Mallows, Cotton, Violets, Pinenuts, fistick nuts, sweet Almonds, Pulp of Sebestens', of each two drachms, Cloves, Spodium, Cinnamon, of each one drachm, Saffron five grains, Penids, half an ounce, being beaten, make them all into a soft Electuary with three times their weight in Syrup of Violets. Culpeper] A. It restores Consumptions, and Hectic 〈◊〉, strength lost, it nourisheth much, and restor es radical moisture, opens the pores, resists choler, takes away coughs, quencheth thirst, and resisteth fevers. For the quantity to be taken at a time, I hold it needless to trouble the Reader: you may take an ounce in a day by a drachm at a time, if you please; you shall sooner hurt your purse by it than your body. Consectio Alkermes. Page 99 in the Latin Book. The College] Take of the Juice of Apples, Damask Rose-water, of each a pound and an half, in which infuse for twenty four hours, raw Silk four ounces, strain it strongly and add syrup of the Berries of Chermes brought over to us two pound, Sugar one pound, boil it to the thickness of Honey, then removing it from the fire whilst it is warm, ad Ambergreese cut smai half an ounce, which being well mingled put in these things following in powder, Cinnamon, Wood of Aloes of each six drachms, Pearls prepared two 〈◊〉, Leaf-Gold a drachm, Musk a scruple, make it up according to art. Culpeper] A. They have added the double quantity of Juice of Chermes, whereby the Medicine is made both hotter and stronger, and if they had doubled the quantity of Sugar also, that so it need not have boiled away so much, they had done better; also they have subtracted from the quantity of Musk there being a drachm appointed before, but why they have done so, neither I, nor I think themselves know; and as little reason can be given why they should leave out the Lapis Lazuli, unless it be for an Apish opinion they hold, that Lapis Lazuli purgeth, whereas indeed, it strengthens the heart exceedingly against Melancholy vapours. Their former Composition contained of it (being first burnt in a Crucible, than often washed in Rose-water till it be clean) six drachms. A. Questionless this is a great Cordial, and a mighty strengthner of the heart, and spirit vital, a restorer of such as are in consumptions, a resister of pestilences and poison, a great relief to languishing nature; it is given with good success in fevers, but give not too much of it at a time, lest it prove too hot for the body, and too heavy for the purse. You may mix ten grains of it with other convenient Cordials to children, twenty or thirty to men. Electuarium è Sassaphras. Page 100 in L. Book. Or, Electuary of Sassafras. The College] Take of Sassafras two ounces; common Water three pound, boil it to the consumption of the third part, adding towards the end Cinnamon bruised half an 〈◊〉, strain it and with two pound of white Sugar, boil it to the thickness of a Syrup putting in, in powder, Cinnamon, a drachm, Nutmegs half a scruple, Musk three grains, Ambergreese two and thirty grains, ten Leaves of Gold, Spirit of Vitriol four drops, and so make it into an Electuary according to art. Culpeper] A. It opens obstructions of the Liver and Spleen, helps cold Rheums or defluxions from the head to the lungs, or teeth, or eyes; it is excellent in coughs, and other cold afflictions of the lungs and breast; it helps digestion, expels wind and the gravel of the kidneys, it provokes the terms, warms and dries up the moisture of the womb, which is many times the cause of barrenness, and is generally a helper of all diseases coming of cold, raw thin humours: you may take half a drachm at a time in the morning. Electuarium de Baccis Lauri. Page 100 Or, Electuary of Bay-berries. The College] Take of the Leaves of dried Rhue ten drachms, the seeds of Ammi, Cummin Lovage, Origanum, Nigella, Carraway Carrots, Parsley, Bitter Almonds, Pepper black and long, wild Mints, Calamus Aromaticus, Bay-berries, Castorium of each two drachms, Sagapenum half an ounce, Opopanax three drachms, clarified Honey a pound and an half, the things to be beaten being beaten, and the Gums dissolved in vine, make it into an Electuary according to art Culpeper] A. It is exceeding good either in the colic, or iliack passion, or any other disease of the bowels coming of cold or wind, it generally easeth pains in the bowels. You may give a drachm in the morning fasting, or half an ounce in a Clyster, according as the disease is. Diacapparis. Page 101. in the Latin Book. The College] Take of Capars' four 〈◊〉, Agrimony Roots, Nigella seeds, Squils, Asarabacca, Centaury, black Pepper, Smallage, Time of each an ounce, Honey three times their weight, make into an Electuary according to art. Culpeper] A. They say it helps infirmities of the spleen, and indeed the name seems to promise so much; it may be good for cold bodies if they have strength of nature in them; me thinks 'tis but oddly composed: the next looks more lovely in my eyes, which is— Diacinnamomu. Page 101. in the Latin Book. The College] Take of Cinnamon fifteen drachms; Cassia Lignea, Alicampane roots, of each half an ounce; Galanga seven drachms, Cloves, Long Pepper, both sorts of Cardamons, Ginger, Mace, Nutmegs, Wood of Aloes, of each three drachms, Saffron one drachm, Sugar five drachms, Musk two scruples, added according to the prescript of the Physician, and by adding three pound eight ounces of clarified Honey, boil it and make it into an Electuary according to art. Culpeper] A. Diacinnamomum, or in plain English, a Composition of Cinnamon, heats the stomach, causeth digestion, provokes the terms in women, strengthens the stomach and other parts that distribute the nourishment of the body; a drachm of it taken in the morning fasting is exceeding good for ancient people and cold bodies, such as are subject to dropsies and diseases of phlegm, or wind, for it comforts and strengthens nature much. If you take it to help digestion, take it an hour before meat, do so in all things of like quality. Diacorallion. Page 101. in the Latin Book. The College] Take of Coral white and red, Bowl Armenick, Dragon's blood, of each one drachm, Pearls half a drachm, Wood of Aloes, red Roses, Gum Tragacanth, Cinnamon of each two scruples, Sanders white and red of each one scruple, with four times its weight in Sugar dissolved in small Cinnamon water, make it into an Electuary according to art. Culpeper] A. It comforts and strengthens the heart exceedingly, and restores such as are in consumptions, it is cooling, therefore good in Hectic fevers; very binding, and therefore stops fluxes; neither do I know a better Medicine in all the Dispensatory for such as have a consumption accompanied with a looseness. It stops the terms and whites in Women, if administered by one whose wits are not a woolgathering. Take but a drachm at a time every morning, because of its binding quality, except you have a looseness, for than may you take so much two or three times a day. Diacorum. Page 101. In the Latin Book. The College] Take of the roots of Cicers, Acorus, or Calamus Aromaticus, Pine-nuts, of each a pound and an half; let the Cicers roots being cleansed, cut o In water saith Mesue, though the College left it out. You might boil them in piss, and yet not swerve from their Receipt. boiled and pulped, be added to ten pound of clarified Honey, and boiled (stirring it) to its just thickness, then being removed from the fire add the Acorus roots beaten, the Pine-nuts cut, and these following in powder; Take of black Pepper an ounce, Long Pepper Cloves, Ginger, Mace, of each half an ounce, Nutmegs, Galanga, Cardamons of each three drachms, mix them with the Roots and Honey into an Electuary according to art. Culpeper] A. The Electuary provokes lust, heats the brain, strengthens the nerves, quickens the senses, causeth an acute wit, easeth pains in the head, helps the falling-sickness and convulsions, coughs, cathars, and all diseases proceeding from coldness of the Brain. Half a drachm is enough to take at one time because of its heat. Diacydonium Simple. Page 102. in the Latin Book. The College] Take of the flesh of Quinces cut and boiled in fair water to a thickness eight pound, white Sugar six pound, boil it to its just thickness. Diacydonium with Species. Page 102. in the Latin Book. The College] Take of the 〈◊〉 of Quinces, Sugar of each two pound, white 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 half a pound, added at the end of the Decoction, it being gently boiled and the scum taken away, ad Ginger two ounces, white Pepper, ten drachms and two scruples, bruise them grossly, and boil it again to the thickness of Honey. Culpeper.] A. Is not this then more a Syrup than an Electuary? Surely either the College or I doted, when we set this among the Electuaries, and would not be beaten out of our follies. Diacydonium Compound, Magisterial, Page 102. in the Latin Book. The College] Take of white Sugar six pound, spring water four pound, clarify them well with the white of an Eglantine scumming them, then take of ripe Quinces cleansed from the rind and seeds, and cut in four quarters eight pound, boil them in the foregoing Syrup till they be tender, then strain the Syrup through a linen cloth, vocata Anglice boulter, boil them again to a Jelly, adding four ounces of white Wine Vinegar towards the end; remove it from the fire and whilst it is warm, put in these following Species in gross powder, Ginger an ounce, white Pepper, Cinnamon, Nutmegs of each two drachms; keep it in divers bones. Culpeper.] A. If a man void of partiality should compare this and the former Receipt together, 〈◊〉 would find but little difference between them: only a little Cinnamon and Nutmegs added. A. The virtues of all these three are, They comfort the stomach, help digestion, stay vomiting, belching &c. stop fluxes and the terms in women. They are all harmless, you may take the quantity of a Nutmeg of them at a time, before meat to help digestion and fluxes, after meat to stay vomiting, in the morning for the rest. Consectio de Hyacintho. Page 103. in the Latin Book. The College] Take of Jacinth, red Coral, Bowl Armenick, Earth of Lemnos of each half an ounce, the Berries of 〈◊〉, the Roots of Tormentil and Dittany, the seeds of Citrons, Sorrel, and Purstain, Sassron, Myrrh, red Roses exungulated, all the sorts of Sanders, bone of a Stag's heart, Hartshorn, Ivory prepared, of each four scruples, Saphire, Emerald, Topas, Pearls, raw Silk, Leaves of Gold and Silver of each two scruples, Camphire, Musk, Ambergreese of each five grains: with Syrup of Lemons, make it into a Confection according to art. Culpeper] A. It is a great Cordial and cool, exceeding good in acute fevers, and Pestilences, 〈◊〉 mightily strengtheneth and cherrisheth the heart. Never above half a drachm is given at a time, very seldom so much; not because of its offensiveness, I suppose its chargableness. Antidotum Haemagogum. Page 103. in the Latin Book. The College] Take of Lupins busked two drams, black Pepper five scruples, and six grains, Liquoris four scruples, long Birthwort, Mugwort, Cassia 〈◊〉, Macedonian Parsley seed, Pellitory of Spain, Rhue seed, Spicknard, Myrrh, Penyroyal, of each two scruples fourteen grains, the seeds of Smallage, Savin, of each two scruples and thirteen grains, Centaury the greater, Cretish Carrots, Nigella, Carraway, Annis, Cloves, Alum of each two scruples, Bay-leaves one scruple, one half scruple and three grains, Wood of Aloes a scruple and fourteen grains, Schaenanth one scruple and thirteen grains, Asarabacca, Calamus Aromaticus, Amomum, Centaury the less, the seed of Orrach, Peony, Fennel, of each one scruple and six grains, Cyperus, Alicampane, Ginger, Cappar roots, Cummin, Orobus of each one scruple: All of them being beaten into very fine powder, let them be made into an Electuary according to art, with four times their weight in Sugar, let it stand one month before you use it. Culpeper] A. It provokes the terms, brings away both birth and afterbirth, the dead child, purgeth such as are not sufficiently purged after travail; it provokes urine, breaks the stone in the bladder, helps the strangury, disury, iskury, etc. helps indigestion, the colic, opens any stops in the body, it heats the stomach, purgeth the liver and spleen, consumes wind, stays vomiting; but let it not be taken by women with child, nor such people as have the Hemorrhoids. A. Nicholaus I take to be the Author of this fantastical Medicine, (though the College give it a more general term) and the virtues also are quoted from him. The dose is from one dram to two drams. Diasatyrion. Page 104. in the Latin Book. The College] Take of Satyrion Roots three ountes, Dates, bitter Almonds, Indian nut, Pinenuts, Fistick Nuts, green Ginger, Eringo Roots preserved, of each one ounce; Ginger, Cloves, Galanga, Pepper long and black, of each three drachms, Ambergreese one scruple, Musk two scruples, Penids four ounces, Cinnamon, Saffron, of each half an ounce, Malaga Wine three ounces, Nutmegs, Mace, Grains of Paradise, of each two drachms, Ash-tree Keys, the belly and loins of Scinks, Borax, Benjamin, of each three drachms, Wood of Aloes, Cardamons, of each two drachms, the seeds of Nettles and Onions, the roots of Avens of each a drachm and an half, with two pound and an half of Syrup of green Ginger make them into an Electuary according to Art. Electuarium Diaspermaton. Page 104. in the Latin Book. The College] Take of the four greater and lesser cold seeds, the seeds of Asparagus, Burnet, Bazil, Parsly, Winter Cherries of each two drachms, Gromwel, Juice of Liquoris, of each three drachms, Cinnamon, Mace, of each one drachm, with eight times their weight in white Sugar dissolved in Marshmallow water, make it into an Electuary according to Art. Culpeper] A. It breaks the stone, and provokes urine. Men may take half an ounce at a time, and children half so much, in Water of any Herbs or Roots &c. (or Decoction of them) that break the stone; which the last Catalogue in the Book (viz. the Catalogue of Diseases) will furnish you with. I delight to have men studious. Micleta. Page 105. in the Latin Book. The College] Take of the Barks of 〈◊〉 the Mirobalans torrefied, of each two drachms and an half, the seeds of Water-cresses, Cummin, Annis, Fennel, Ammi, Caraway, of each a drachm and an half, bruise the seeds and sprinkle them with sharp white Wine Vinegar, then beat them into powder and add the Myrobalans and these things that follow, Spodium, Balaustines, Sumach, Mastich, Gum Arabic of each one drachm and fifteen grains, mix them together, and with ten ounces of Syrup of Myrtles make them into an Electuary according to Art. Culpeper] A. It gently easeth the bowels of the wind Colic, wring of the guts, infirmities of the spleen, it stops fluxes, the Hemorrhoids, as also the terms in women. A. A drachm or two of this taken in the morning had been a better remedy (I say amongst their Hodg-podg) than most they gave in the late Epidemical disease, the bloody flux. Electuarium Pectorale. Page 105. in the Lat. Book. Or, A Pectoral Electuary. The College] Take of the juice of Liquoris, sweet Almonds, Hazel Nuts of each half an ounce, Pine-nuts an ounce, Hyssop, Maidenhair, Orris, Netile seeds, round Birthwort of each a drachm and an half, black Pepper, the seeds of Water-cresses, the Roots of Alicampane, of each half a drachm, Honey fourteen ounces, make them into an Electuary according to Art. Culpeper] A. It strengthens the stomach and lungs, and helps the vices thereof. Take it with a Liquoris stick. Theriaea Diatessaron. Page 105. in the Latin Book. The College] Take of Gentian, Bay-berries, Myrrh, round Birthwort, of each two ounces, Honey two pound, make them into an Electuary according to Art. Culpeper] A. This is a gallant Electuary, like the Author, which was Mesue. It wonderfully helps cold infirmities of the brain, as convulsions, falling-sickness, dead palsies, shaking palsies etc. as also the stomach, as pains there, wind, want of digestion; as also stops of the Liver, dropsies; it resists the pestilence, and poisons, and helps the bitings of venomous beasts. The dose is from half a drachm to two drachms, according to the age and strength of the patient, as also the strength of the diseases; you may take it either in the morning or when urgent occasion calls for it. Diascordium. Page 106. in the Latin Book. The College] Take of Cinnamon, Cassia Lignea, of each half an ounce, Scordium one ounce, Dittany of Crect, Tormentil, Bistort, Galbanum, Gum Arabic of each half an ounce; Opium one drachm and an half; Sorrel seeds one drachm and an half; Gentian half an ounce, Bolearmenick an ounce and an half, Earth of Lemnos, half an ounce; long Pepper, Ginger, of each two drachms; clarified Honey two pound and an half; Sugar of Roses one pound, Canary Wine ten ounces; make them into an Electuary according to Art. Culpeper] A. It is a well composed Electuary, something apropriated to the nature of women, for it provokes the terms, hastens their labour, helps their usual sickness at the time of their lying in, I know nothing better; it stops fluxes, mightily strengtheneth the heart and stomach; neither is so hot but it may safely be given to weak people; and besides provokes sleep. It may safely be given to young children ten grains at a time; ancient people may take a dram or more: It is given as an excellent cordial in such fevers as are accompanied with want of sleep. Mithridate. Page 106. in the Latin Book. The College] Take of Myrrh, Saffron, Agrick, Ginger, Cinnamon, Spicknard, Frankincense, Treacle Mustard seeds, of each ten drachms; the seeds of Hart-wort, Opobalsamum, or Oil of Nutmegs by expression, Schenanth, Stoechas, Costus, Galbanum, Turpentine, long Pepper, Castorium, Juice of Hypocistis 〈◊〉 Calamitis, Opopanax, Indian leaf, or for want of it, Mace, of each one ounce; Cassia Lignea, Poly mountain, white Pepper, Scordium, the seeds of Carrots of Crect, Carpobalsamum or Cubebs, Troch. Cypheos', Bdellium, of each seven drachms; Celtic Spicknard, Gum Arabic, Macedonian Parsley seed, Opium, Cardamons the less, Fennel seed, Gentian, red Rose Leaves, Dittany of Crect of each five drachms; Annis seeds, Asarabacca, Orris, Acorus, the greater Valerian, Sagapen. of each three drachms, Meum, Acacia, the bellies of Scinks, the tops of St. john's Wort, of each two drachms and an half; Malaga wine so much as is sufficient to dissolve the Juices and Gums, clarified honey the treble weight of all, the Wine excepted, make them into an Electuary according to Art. Culpeper.] A. I have not time to search whether there be any difference between Damocrates and the College. It was also corrected afterwards by Bartholomew Maranta. Also divers Authors have spent more time about this and Venus' Treacle (both of them being terrible messes of Altogether) in reducing them into Classes, than ever they did in saying their prayers. Also Andromacus hath another sort os Mithridate. It may be it is that usually called with us [Venice Mithridate] but because the Electuary is very chargeable to be made, and cannot be made but in great quantities, and only that here prescribed is to be gotten, or at least, easily to be gotten; I am willing to spare my pains in any further search. A. It is good against poison, and such as have done themselves wrong by taking filthy Medicines, it provokes sweat, it helps continual waterings of the stomach, ulcers in the body, consumptions, weakness of the limbs, rids the body of cold humours, and diseases coming of cold, it remedles cold infirmities of the brain, and stopping of the passage of the senses (viz. hearing, seeing, smelling, etc.) by cold, it expels wind, helps the colic, provokes 〈◊〉 to ones victuals, it helps ulcers in the bladder if Galen say true, as also difficulty of Urine, it casts out the dead child, and helps such women as cannot conccive by reason of cold, it is an admirable remedy for melancholy and all diseases of the body coming through cold, it would fill a whole sheep of paper to reckon them all up particularly. You may take a scruple or half a drachm in the morning, and follow your business; two drachms will make you sweat, yea one dram if your body be weak, for then two drams may be dangerous because of its heat: how to order yourself in sweeting you were taught before, if you have forgot where, look the Table at latter end. Phylonium Persicum. Page 107. in the Latin Book. The College] Take of white Pepper, the seeds of white Henbane of each two drachms, Opium Earth of Lemnos of each ten drachms, 〈◊〉, Hematitis, Saffron of each five drachms, Castorium, Indian Spicknard, Euphorbium prepared, Pellitary of Spain, Pearls, Amber, Zedoary, Alicampane, Troch. Ramach, of each a drachm, Camphire, a scruple, with their treble weight in Honey-Roses make it into an Electuary according to art. Culpeper] A. All the difference is, Mesue appoints Honey, whose commendations of it is this: It stops blood flowing from any part of the body, the immoderate flowing of the terms in women, the hemorrhoyds in men, spitting of blood, bloody fluxes, and is profitable for such women as are subject to miscarry: See the next Receipt. A. Now they have made the quantity the same with Mesue, before I think they followed Wicker. Phylonium Romanum. Page 107. in the Latin Book. The College] Take of white Pepper, White Henbane seeds of each five drachms, Opium two drachms and an half, Cassia Lignea a drachm and an half, the seeds of Smallage a drachm, Parsley of Macedonia, Fennel, Carrots of Crect of each two scruples and five grains, Saffron a scruple and an half, Indian Spicknard, Pellitory of Spain, Zedoary, fisteen grains, Cinnamon a drachm and an half, Euphorbium prepared, Myrrh, Castorium, of each a drachm, with their treble weight in clarified Honey, make it into an Electuary. Culpeper] A. It is a most exquisite thing to ease vehement and deadly pains in what part of the body soever they be, whether internal or external: that vehemency of pain will bring a fever, and a fever, death, no man well in his wits will deny; therefore in such diseases which cause vehemency of pain, as colics, the Stone, Strangury etc. this may be given (ordered by the discretion of an able brain, for it conduceth little to the cure) to mitigate the extremity of pain, until convenient remedy may be had: (as men pump water out before they can stop the hole in a leaking vessel.) As for other virtues which Authors say this Electuary hath, I shall pass them by, resting confident that other remedies may be found out for them in this Book, as effectual, and less dangerous; and because the former Electuary is not much unlike to this in some particulars, take the same caution in that also. I would not have the vulgar meddle with this, nor the former. Phylonium Magistrale. Page 108. in the Latin Book. The College] Take of Opium four ounces, Benjamin, Myrrh; Mummy of each half an ounce, Spirit of Wine as much as is sufficient to make it into an Opiate. Culpeper] A I hold their Laudanum to be a better Midicine, for this (being exceeding dangerous) for an unskilful man to meddle withal, I let it alone, yet am not ignorant what good it might do to such whose wounds have brought them into a frenzy, if given by an able hand. 〈◊〉 de Ovo. Pag. 108 in the Latin Book. Or, Electuary of Eggs The College] Take a Hen's Egg new laid and the white being taken out by a small hole, fill up the void place with Saffron, leaving the yolk in, than the hole being stopped, roast it in ashes till the shell begin to look black, take diligent heed the Saffron burn not for then is the whole Medicine spoiled, than the matter being taken out dry if so that it may be beaten into powder, and ad to it as much Powder of white Mustard Seed as it weighs. Then take the Roots of white Dittany, and Tormentil, of each two drachms, Myrrh, Heart's horn, Petasitis roots of each one dram, the roots of Angellica and Burnet, Juniper berries, 〈◊〉, Camphire of each half an ounce, mix them all together in a mortar, then add Venus' Treacle the weight of them all, stir them about with a pestle three hours together, putting in so much Syrup of Lemons, as is enough to make it into an Electuary according to art. Culpeper] A. A drachm of it given at a time is as great a help in a pestilential fever as a man shall usually read of in a Galenist. It provokes sweat, and then you shall be taught how to use yourself: if years do not permit, give not so much. Theriaca Andromachi. Page 108. in Lat. Book. or, Venus' Treacle. The College] Take of Troches of Squills forty eight drachms, Troches of Vipers, long Pepper, Opium of Thebes, Magma, Hedycroi dried of each twenty four drachms, Red Roses exungulated, Orris, Illirick, juice of Liquoris, the seeds of sweet Navew, Scordium, Opobalsamum, Cinnamon, Agrick, of each twelve drachms, Myrrh, Costus, or Zedoary, Saffron, Cassia, Lignea, Indian Spicknard, Schenanth, Pepper, white and black, Olibanum, Dittany of Crect, Rhapontick, Stoechas, Horehound, Macedonian Parsley seed, Calaminth, Cypress, Turpentine, the roots of cinquefoil and Ginger of each Six drachms, 〈◊〉, mountain, Chamepitis, Celtic Spicknard, Amomus, Styrax Calamitis, the roots of Meum, the tops of Germander, the roots of Rhapontick, Earth of Lemn os, Indian leaf, Chalcitis burnt or in stead thereof Roman Vitriol burnt, Gentian roots, Gum Arabic, the juice of Hypocistis, Carpobalsamum or Nutmegs, or Cubebs, the seeds of Annis, Cardamons, Fennel, Hartwort, Acacia or in stead thereof the juice of Sloes made thick, the seeds of Treacle Mustard, and Ammi, the tops of Saint John's wort, Sagapen. ofof each four drams, Castorium, the roots of long Birth-wort, Bitumen, Judaicum, Carrot seed, Opopanax, Centaury the less, Galbanum of each two drachms, Canary Wine enough to dissolve what is to be dissolved, Honey the treble weight of the dry Species, make them into an Electuary according to art. Culpeper] A. It is confessed many Physicians have commented upon this Receipt; as Bartholomaeus Maranta, Galen, Medici Romani, and Medici Bononienses, cum multis aliis; but with little difference. The virtues of it are, It resists poison and the bitings of venomous beasts, inveterate headaches, vertigo, deafness, the falling sickness, astonishment, apoplexes, dulness of sight, want of voice, asthmaes, old and new coughs, such as spit or vomit blood, such as can hardly spit or breath, coldness of the stomach, wind, the colic, and Illiach passion, the yellow jaundice, hardness of the spleen, stone in the reins and bladder, difficulty of urine, ulcers in the bladder, fevers dropsies, leprosies; it provokes the terms, brings forth both birth and afterbirth, helps pains in the joints, it helps not only the body, but also the mind, As vain fears, melancholy etc. and is a good remedy in pestilential fevers. Thus Galen. You may take half a drachm and go about your business, and it will do you good if you have occasion to go in ill airs, or in pestilential times; if you shall sweat upon it, as your best way is, if your body be not in health, then take one drachm, or between one and two, or less than one, according as age and strength is; if you cannot take this or any other sweeting medicine by itself, mix it with a little Carduus or Dragon's water, or Angelica water which in my opnion is the best of the three. Theriaca Londinensis. Page 110. in Lat. Book. Or, London Treacle. The College] Take of Hartshorn two ounces, the seeds of Citrons, Sorrel, Peony, Bazil, of each an ounce, Scordium Corallina of each six drams, the roots of Angellica, Tormentil, Peony, the Leaves of Dittany, Bay berries, Juniper berries, of each half an ounce, The flowers of Rosemary, Marigolds, Clove Gillyflowers, the tops of Saint John's wort, Nutmegs, Saffron of each three drachms, the Roots of Gentian, Zedoary, Ginger, Mace, Myrrh, the leaves of Scabious, Devilsbit, Cardus, of each two drachms, Cloves, Opium of each a drachm, Malaga Wine as much as is sufficient, with their treble weight in Honey, mix them according to art. Culpeper] A. The receipt is a pretty cordial, resists the pestilence, and is a good antidote in pestilential times, it resists poison, strengthens cold stomaches, helps digestion, and crudities, of the stomach. A man may safely take two drachms of it in a morning and let him fear no harm. Diacrocuma. Page 110. in the Latin Book. College] Take of Saffron, Asarabacca roots, the seeds of Parsley, Carrots, Annis, Smallage, of each half an ounce, Rhubarb, the roots of Meum, Indian Spicknard of each six drachms, Cassia Lignea, Costus, Myrrh, Schenanth, Cubebs, Maddir roots, the juices of Maudlin, and Wormwood made thick, Opobalsamum, or oil of Nutmegs of each two drachms, Cinnamon, Calamus Aromaticuus, of each a drachm and an half, Scordium Cetrach, juice of Liquoris of each two drachms and an half, Tragacanth a drachm with eight times their weight in white Sugar, dissolved in Endive water, and clarified, make it into an Electuary according to art. Culpeper] A. Mesue appoints clarified Honey. It is exceeding good against cold diseases of the stomach, liver, or spleen, corruption of humours, and putrefaction of meat in the stomach, il-savored colour of the body, dropsies, cold faults in the reins and bladder, provokes urine. Take a drachm in the morning. PURGING ELECTUARIES. 〈◊〉 Laxativa. Page 111. in the. Latin Book. College. TAke of choice Turbith ten drachms, Diacridium, bark of Spurge roots prepared, Hermodactils, Red-roses of each five drachms, Cloves, Spicknard, Ginger, Saffron, long Pepper, Amomus, or for want of it Calamus Aromaticus, Cardamons the less, the seeds of Smallage, Parsley, Fennel, Sparagus, Bruscus, Saxifrage, Gromwel, Carraway, Sal. gem. Galanga, Mace of each a drachm, with their treble weight of clarified Honey, make them into an Electuary according to art. Also you may keep the Species by itself, in your shops. Culpeper] A. It purgeth phlegm, chiefly from the joints, also it purgeth the reins and bladder. A. I willingly omit the quantity of these purges, because I would not have foolish women and dunces do themselves and others mischief. For it worketh too violently for their uses, and must be prudently ordered, if taken at all, for I fancy it not at all, but am of opinion it kills more men than cures. Caryocostinum. Page 111. in the Latin Book. The College] Take of Cloves, Costus, or Zedoary, Ginger, Cummin of each two drachms, Hermodactils, Diacridium, of each half an ounce, with their double weight of Honey clarified in white Wine, make them into an Electuary according to art. Culpeper] A. Authors say it purgeth hot Rewms, and takes away inflammations in wounds, I assure you the Electuary works violently, and may safest be given in Clysters, and so you may give two or three drachms at a time, if the patient be strong. For taken orherwise it would kill a horse cum privilegio. I wonder theColledg is not a shamed to fret men's guts out with outlandish rubbish, and then they may safely cry out they have the Plague in their guts, and they know not how to cure them. Cassia Extracta pro Clysteribus. Pag. 111. in L. Book. Or, Cassia extracted for Clysters. The College] Take of the leaves of Violets, Mallows, Beets, Mercury, Pellitory of the wall Violet flowers of each a handful, boil them in a 〈◊〉 quantity of water, by the benefit of 〈◊〉 let the Cassia be extracted, and the 〈◊〉 washed; Then take of this Cassia so drawn, and boil it to its consistence. 〈◊〉 pound, Sugar a pound and an half, boil them to the form of an Electuary according to art. Culpeper] A. It is no more than breaking the Canes of the Cassia, and pick out the pulp (casting away the seeds, boil the pulp in a little of this decoction, then press it through a pulping sieve, the title shows the use of it: or if you will take an ounce of it inwardly, you shall find it work with great gentleness. You may take it in white Wine, it is good for gentle bodies, for if your body be hard to work upon, perhaps it will not work at all; it purgeth the reins gallantly and cooleth them, thereby preventing the stone and other diseases caused by their heat. Electuarium 〈◊〉 Magistrale Majus. P. 112. Or, The greater bitter Electuary. The College.] Take of Agrick, Turbith, Species, Hiera Simplex, Rhubarb of each one drachm, choice Aloes unwashed two drachms, Ginger, Crystal of Tartar, of each two scruples, Orrus Florentine, sweet Fennel seeds of each a 〈◊〉, Syrup of Roses, Solutive as much as is sufficient to make 〈◊〉 into an Electuary according to art. Electuarium Amarum Minus. P. 112. in the L. B. Or, The lesser bitter Electuary. The College] Take of Epithimum half an ounce, the roots of Angelica three drachms, of Gentian 〈◊〉, Acorus, of each two drachms, Cinnamon one drachm and an half, Cloves, Mace, Nutmegs, Saffron, of each one drachm, 〈◊〉 six ounces, with Syrup of Fumitory, Scabious, and Sugar so much as is sufficient to make it into a soft Electuary. Culpeper] A. Both these purge choler, the former phlegm, and this melancholy; the former works strongest, and this strengthens most, and is good for such whose brains are annoyed. You may take half an ounce of the former if your body be any thing strong in white Wine, if very strong an ounce, ordering yourself as you were taught before, and the Table at later end will direct you to the place: a reasonable body may take an ounce of the latter, the weak less. I would not have the unskilful too busy with purges without advice of a Physician. Diacassia with Manna. Page 112. in the Latin Book. The College] Take of Damask Prunes two 〈◊〉 Vlolet-flowers a bandful and an half, 〈◊〉 water a pound and an half, boil it 〈◊〉 to art till half be consumed, Strain 〈◊〉 and dissolve in the decoction six 〈◊〉 of Cassia newly drawn, Sugar of Violet's 〈◊〉 up of Violets of each four ounces, Pulp of Tamarinds an ounce, Sugar Candy an ounce and an half, Manna two ounces, mix them, and make them into an Electuary according to art. Culpeper.] A. It is a fine cool purge for such as are bound in the body, for it works gently and without trouble, it purgeth choler, and may safely be given in fevers coming of choler: but in such cases, if the body be much bound, the best way is first to administer a Clyster, and then the next morning an ounce of this will cool the body and keep it in due temper. I wonder what they need have put in Sugar of Violets, and Syrup of Violets, why would not the double quantity of the Syrup have fetved the turn; I protest they will do any thing, to make their Rceipts dear and difficult, that so they may grow rich by a lazy life, and uphold themselves in their lawless domineering. A most unconscionable thing that men should prefer their own greatness before the the lives of poor men and women; the stones in the street, would cry out against them shortly, if I should hold my peace. Cassia Extracta sine foliis 〈◊〉, P. 113. in L. Book. Or, Cassia extracted with the leaves of Senna. The College] Take twelve Prunes, Violet flowers a handful, French Barley, the seeds of Annis, and bastard Saffron, Polyprdium of the Oak, of each five drachms, Maidenhair, Time, Epithinum, of each half a handful, Raisins of the sun stoned half an ounce, sweet Fennel seeds two drachms, the seeds of Purslain, and Mallows of each three drachms, Liquoris half an ounce, boil them in a sufficient quantity of water, Strain them, & dissolve in the Decoction, Pulp of Cassia two pound, of Tamarinds an ounce, Cinnamon three drachms, Sugar a pound, boil it into the form of an Electuary. Cassia Extract a cum Foliis Senae. P. 113. in L. Book. Or, Cassia extracted with the leaves of Senna. The College] Take of the former Receipt two pound, Senna in powder two ounces, mix them according to art. Culpeper.] A. This is also a fine cool purge, gentle, cleansing the bowels of choler and melancholy without any griping, very fit for feverish bodies, and yet the former is gentler than this. They both cleanse and cool the reins; a reasonable body may take anounce and an half of the former, and an ounce of the latter, in white Wine, if they keep the house, or their bodies be oppressed with melancholy, let them take half the quantity in four ounces of decoction of Epithium. Diacarthamum. Page 113. in the Latin Book. The College] Take of * Ask them whether you must put in the 〈◊〉 seeds or not, 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 College doth not bid them. Diatragacanthum Frigidum half an ounce, Pulp of preserved Quinces an ounce, the inside of the seeds of Bastard Saffron half an ounce, Ginger two drachms, Diagrydium beaten by itself three drachms, Turbith six drachms, Manna two ounces, Honey Roses, Solutive, Sugar-candy of each one ounce, Hermodactils half an ounce, 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 ounces and an half, make of them a Liquid Electuary 〈◊〉 to art. Culpeper] A. I 〈◊〉 what art it must be, wherewith a man should make up an 〈◊〉 and have not wherewithal; I tell you truly, that to 〈◊〉 up an Electuary of this without more moisture (for here is nor a quarter enough) is a task harder than all Hercules his twelve labours, abate me but his fetching Cerberus out of Hell: For my part I shall trouble the Reader no further, but leave the Receipt to Arnoldus and the College for a pure piece of nonsense. Only let me admire at the pride and Headstrongness of the College, that will not mend any error, though as apparent as the Sun is up, when he is upon the Meridian; but quos perdere 〈◊〉 Jupiter dementis facit, those whom Jupiter will destroy, he first makes mad; so their Jupiter, or Juvans pater (as they often in their Dedicatory Epistle style the King, and the only God they (poor fools) worship, unless like heathens they worship many gods) being now sent to take his supper apud inferos, hath left such a spirit of madness upon them, which is an absolute forerunner of their end. Diaphoenicon. Page 113. in 〈◊〉 Latin Book. The College] Take of the pulp of Dates boiled in Hydromel, Penids, of each half a pound, sweet Almonds blanched three ounces and an half, to all of them being bruised and permixed, add clarified Honey two pound, boil them a little and then strew in Ginger, long Pepper, Mace, Cinnamon, Rue leaves, the seeds of Fennel and Carrots, of each two drams; Turbith four ounces, Diacridium an ounce and an half; make of them an Electuary according to art. Culpeper] A. I cannot believe this is so profitable in Fevers taken downwards as Authors say, for it is a very violent purge: Indeed I believe being mixed in Clysters, it may do good in colics and infirmities of the bowels coming of Raw humours, and so you may give half an ounce at a time. Diaprunum Lenitive. Page 114. in the Latin Book. The College] Take one hundred Damask Prunes boil them in water till they be soft, then pulp them, and in the Liquor they were boiled in, boil gently one ounce us Violet flowers; strain it, and with two pound of Sugar boil it into a Syrup; then add half a pound of the aforesaid pulp, the pulp of Cassia and Tamarinds of each one ounce; then 〈◊〉 with it these Powders following, 〈◊〉 white and red, Spodium, Rhubarb, of each three drachms, red Roses, Violets, the seeds of Purslain, Succory, Barberries, Gum Tragacanth, Liquoris, Cinnamon, of each two drachms; the four greater cold seeds of each one drachm; make it into an Electuary according to art. Culpeper] A. It may safely, and is with good success given in acute, burning, and all other fevers, for it cools much and loosens the body gently; it is good in agues, hectic fevers and Marasmos. You may take an ounce of it at a time, at night when you go to bed, three hours after a light supper, neither need you keep your chamber next day, unless the weather be very cold, or your body very tender. Diaprunum Solutive. Page 114. in the Latin Book. The College] Take of Diaprunum Lenitive whilst it is warm, four pound; Scammony prepared two ounces and five drachms; mix them together and make them into an Electuary according to art. Seeing the dose of Scammony is increased according to the Author in this Medicine, you may use a less weight of 〈◊〉 if you please. Culpeper] A. 〈◊〉 they left out now, and left their honesty withal. 〈◊〉 therein the College said true, for the Medicine according to this Receipt is too strong, violent, corroding, 〈◊〉, fretting, and yet this is that which is commonly called Duaprunes, which simple people take to give themselves a purge, being fitter to do them mischief (poor souls) than good, unless ordered with more discretion than they have; it may be they build upon the vulgar proverb, That no carrion will kill a Crow. Let me entreat them to have a greater care of themselves, and not meddle with such desperate Medicines: Let them not object to me they often have taken it and felt no harm; they are not capable of knowing what harm it may do them a long time after: let them remember the old proverb, The pitcher never goes so often to the well, but it comes broke home at last. Catholicon. Page 114. in the Latin Book. The College] Take of the pulp of Cassia and Tamarinds, the Leaves of Senna, of each two ounces; Polipodium, Violets, Rhubarb, of each one ounce; Annis seeds, Penids, Sugar Candy, Liquoris, the seeds of Guords, Citruls, Cucumbers, Melones, of each two drachms, the things to be bruised being bruised, take of fresh Polypodium three ounces, sweet Fennel seeds six drachms, boil them in four pound of water till the third part be consumed, strain it, and with two pound of Sugar boil the Decoction to the thickness of a Syrup, then with the pulps and powder make it into an Electuary according to art. Culpeper] A. It is a fine cooling purge for any part of the body, and very gentle, it may be given (an ounce, or half an ounce at a time, according to the strength of the patient) in acute, in peracute diseases, for it gently looseneth the belly and adds strength, it helps infirmities of the liver and spleen, gouts of all sorts, quotidian, tertain, and quartan Agues, as also headaches. It is usually given in Clysters. If you list to take it inwardly, you may take an ounce at night going to bed, in the morning drink a draught of hot posset drink and go about your business. A. They have altered the quantities of some of the Simples that are harmless, for they do wonders as fast as Bell in the Apocryphas eat Mutton. Electuarium de Citro Solutivum. Pag. 115. in L. B. Or, Electuary of Citrons Solutive. The College] Take of Citron Pills preserved, Conserves of the flowers of Violets and Bugloss, Diatragacanthum frigidum, Diacrydium of each half an ounce; Turbith five drachms, Ginger half a drachm, Senna six drachms; sweet Fennel seeds one drachm; white Sugar dissolved in Rose water and boiled according to art ten ounces; make a solid Electuary according to art. Culpeper] A. Here are some things very cordial, others purge violently, both put together, make a composition no way pleasing to me; therefore I account it a pretty Receipt, good for nothing. Electuarium Elescoph. Page 115. in the Latin Book. The College] Take of Diacrydium, Turbith, of each six drachms; Cloves, Cinnamon, Ginger, Myrobalans, Emblicks, Nutmegs, Polypodium, of each two drachms and an half, Sugar six ounces, clarified Honey ten ounces, make it into an Electuary according to art. Culpeper.] A. Mesue appoints only clarified Honey, one pound and four ounces, to make it up into an Electuary; and saith, it purgeth choler and phlegm, and wind from all parts of the body; helps pains of the joints and sides, the Colic, it cleanseth the reins and bladder: yet I advise you not to take too much of it at a time, for it works pretty violently, though well corrected by the pen of a Mesue: let half an ounce be the most, for such whose bodies are strong, always remembering that you had better ten times take too little, than once too much. You may take it in white wine, and keep yourself warm. If you would have my opinion of it, I do not like it. Consectio Hamech. Page 115. in the Latin Book. The College] Take of the bark of Citron Myrobalans two ounces; Myrobalans, Chebs and blacks, Violets, Colocynthis, Polypodium of the Oak, of each one ounce and an half; Wormwood, Time, of each half an ounce; the seeds of Annis and Fennel, the flowers of red Roses of each three drachms: Let all of them being bruised be infused one day in six pound of Whey, than boiled till half be consumed, rubbed with your hands and pressed out: to the Decoction add juice of Fumitory, pulp of Prunes, and Raisins of the Sun, of each half a pound; White Sugar, clarified Honey, of each one pound; boil it to the thickness of Honey, strewitg in towards the end, Agrick Trochiscated, Senna of each two ounces; Rhubarb one ounce and an half; Epithimum, one ounce; Diacrydium six drams; Cinnamon half an ounce; Ginger two drachms, the seeds of Fumitory and Annis, Spicknard, of each one drachm; make it into an Electuary according to Art. Culpeper] A. The Receipt is chiefly apropriated as a purge for Melancholy and salt phlegm, and diseases thence arising, as Scabs, Itch, Leprosies, Cancers, infirmities of the skin, it purgeth addust humours, and is good against madness, melancholy, forgetfulness, vertigo: It purgeth very violently, and is not safe given alone. I would advise the unskilful not to meddle with it inwardly: You may give half an ounce of it in Clysters, in melancholy diseases, which commonly have astringency a constant companion with them. A. They have now something mended it, as well as they could, they having no more skill in making up Medicines than a Cow hath in dancing. Electuarium Lenitivum. Pag. 116. in Lat. Book. Or, Lenitive Electuary. The College] Take of Raisins of the Sun stoned, Polypodium of the Oak, Senna, of each two ounces; Mercury one handful and an half; Jujubes, Sebestens of each twenty; Maidenhair, Violets, French Barley, of each one handful; Damask Prunes stoned, Tamarinds, of each six drachms; Liquoris half an ounce: boil them in ten pound of water till two parts of three be consumed; strain it, and dissolve in the Decoction, pulp of Cassia, Tamarinds, and fresh Prunes, Sugar of Violets, of each six ounces; Sugar two pound; at last ad Powder of Senna Leaves, one ounce and an half; Annis seeds in powder two drams to each pound of Electuary; and so bring it into the form of an Electuary according to Art. Culpeper] A. It gently opens and mollifies the bowels, bringing forth choler, phlegm, and melancholy, and that without trouble: It is cooling, and therefore is profitable in Pleuresies, and for wounded people: A man of reasonable strength may take an ounce of it going to bed, which will work next morning. A. And intruth they have done well here to add the Annis seeds to correct the Senna; Oh that they would but do so always Electuarium Passulatum. Page 117. in the Latin Book. The College] Take of fresh Polypodium roots, three ounces; fresh Marshmallow roots, Senna, of each two ounces, Annis seeds two drachms, steep them all in a glazed Vessel in a sufficient quantity of spring water, boil them according to art; strain it and with Pulp of Raisins of the Sun half a pound, white Sugar, Manna, of each four ounces; boil it to the thickness of a Cydoniate, and renew it four times a year. Culpeper] A. The College are so mysterious in this Receipt, a man can hardly give directions how to make it, for they give only incertainties. A. You had best, first boil the Roots in three pints of water to a quart, then put in the Senna, and seeds, boil it to a pint and an half, then strain it and add the rest; the Manna will melt of itself as well as the Sugar, indeed you had best dissolve the Manna by itself in some of the Decoction, and so strain it because of its dross. A. It gently purgeth both choler and melancholy, cleanseth the reins and bladder, and therefore is good for the stone and gravel in the kidneys. I leave out the dose till the College have learned wit enough to make the Receipt plainer. Electuarium è succo Rosarum. Pag. 117. in L. Book. Or, Electuary of the Juice of Roses. The College] Take of Sugar, the juice of red Roses clarified, of each a pound and four ounces; the three sorts of Sanders of each six drachms, Spodium three drachms, Diacydonium twelve drachms, Camphire a scruple: Let the Juice be boiled with the Sugar to its just thickness, then add the rest in Powder and so make it into an Electuary according to art. Culpeper] A. It purgeth Choler, and is good in tertian Agues, and diseases of the joints; it purgeth violently, therefore let it be warily given. I omit the dose, because it is not for a vulgar use. I would not willingly have my Country men do themselves a mischief; let the Gentry study Physic, then shall they know what belongs to it. A lazy Gentry makes blockheaded Physicians. Hiera Picra Simplo. Page 117. in the Latin Book. The College] Take of Cinnamon, Xylobalsamum, or wood of Aloes, the roots of Asarabacca, Spicknard, Mastic, Saffron, of each six drachms, Aloes not washed twelve ounces and an half, clarified Honey four pound and three ounces, mix them into an Electuary according to art. Also you may keep the Species by itself in your shops. Culpeper] A. It is an excellent remedy for vicious juices which lie furring the tunicle of the stomach, and such idle fancies and symptoms which the brain suffers thereby, whereby some think they see, others that they hear strange things, especially when they are in bed, and between sleeping and waking; besides this, it very gently purgeth the belly, and helps such women as are not sufficiently purged after their travel. A. Being thus made up into an Electuary, it will be so bitter a dog would not take it, and the Species kept by itself is not so sweet: your best way (in my opinion) to take it (for I fancy the Receipt very much, and have had experience of what I have written of it) is to put only so much Honey to it as will make it into Pills, of which you may take a scruple at night going to bed (if your body be not very weak) in the morning drink a draught of hot broth or posset drink; you need not fear to go about your business, for it will hardly work till next day in the afternoon, and then very gently. I have found the benefit of it, and from my own experience I commend it to my Country men. Hiera with Agrick. Page 117. in the Latin Book. The College] Take of Species Hiera, simple without Aloes, Agrick Trochisheated, of each half an ounce, Aloes not washed one ounce, clarified Honey six ounces, mix it, and make it into an Electuary according to art. Culpeper.] A. Look but the virtues of Agrick and ad them to the virtues of the former Receipt, so is the business done without any further trouble. Hiera Logadii Page 117. in the Latin Book. The College] Take of Coloquintida, Polipodium, of each two drachms, Euphorbium, Poley mountain, the Seeds of Spurge, of each one drachm and an half, and six grains, Wormwood, Myrrh, of each one dram and twelve grains, Centaury the less, Agrick, gum Ammoniacum, Indian leaf or Mace, Spicknard, Squills prepared, Diacrydium of each one drachm, Aloes, Time, Germander, Cassia Lignea, 〈◊〉 Horehound, of each one scruple and fourteen grains, Cinnamon, Opopanax, Castoreum, long Birthwort, the three sorts of Pepper, Sagapen. Saffron, Parsley of each two drachms, Hellibore black and white, of each six grains, clarified Honey a pound and and half, mix them, and make of them an Electuary according to art. Let the Species be kept dry in yo ur shops. Culpeper] A. It takes away by the roots daily evils coming of melancholy, falling sickness, vertigo, convulsions, megrim, leprosy, and many other infirmities; for my part I should be loath to take it inwardly unless upon desperate occasions, or in Clysters. It may well take away diseases by the roots, if it take away life and all. Hiera Diacolocynthidos. Page 118. in the Latin Book. The College] Take of Colocynthis, Agrick, Germander, white Horebound, Stechas, of each ten drachms, Opopanax, Sagapen. Parsly seeds, round Birthwort roots, white 〈◊〉 of each five drachms, Spicknard, Cinnamon, Myrrh, Indian leaf or Mace, Saffron of each four drachms, bruise the Gums in a mortar, sister the rest, and with three pound of clarified Which is indeed the triple weight. Honey, three onnces and five drachms, make it an Electuary according to art. Culpeper.] A. It helps the falling sickness, madness, and the pain in the head called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉, pains in the breast and stomach whether they come by sickness or bruises, pains in the loins or backbone, hardness of women's breasts, putrefactions of meat in the stomach and sour belchings. It is but used seldom 〈◊〉 therefore hard to be gotten. Triphera the greater. Page 110. in the Latin Book. The College] Take of Myrobalans, Chebs, Bellericks, Indieses, and Emblicks, Nutmegs, of each five drachms, Watercress seeds, Asarabacca roots, Persian Origanum, or else Dittany of Crect, black Pepper, Olibanum, Ammi, Ginger, Tamaris, Indian Nard, Squinanth, Cyperus roots, of each half an ounce, filings of Steel prepared with Vinegar twenty drams, let the Myrobalans be roasted a little with fresh butter, let the rest being powdered, be sprinkled with Oil of sweet Almonds, then add Musk one drachm, and with their treble weight in Honey, make it into an Electuary according to art. C. A. It helps the immoderate flowing of the terms in women, and the Hemorrhoids in men, it helps weakness of the stomach and restores colour lost, It frees the body from crude humours, and strengthens the bladder, helps melancholy, and rectifies the distempors of the spleen. You may take a drachm in the morning, or two if your body be any thing strong, and by that you have read this, you cannot choose but see a reason, why they set a binding Electuary amongst the Purges, as also why the name is changed, from Triphera the less, to Triphera the greater, viz. Because a great piece of ignorance to set it here, they are like to give Medicines to good purpose, when they know the operations no better. Triphera Solutive. Page 119. in the Latin Book The College] Take of Diacrydium ten drachms, Turbith an ounce and an half, Cardamons the less, Cloves, Cinnamon, * Alias Macae Honey of each three drachms, yellow Sanders, Liquoris, sweet Fennel seeds of each half an ounce, Acorus Schenanth, of each a dram, Red-Roses, Citron pills preserved, of each three drachms, Violets two drachms, Penids four ounces, white Sugar half a pound, Honey clarified in juice of Apples one pound, make an Electuary according to art. Culpeper] A. The Diacrydium and 〈◊〉, ate a couple of untoward purges, the rest are all Cordials, but what to make of them all together I know not, and as little reason do I know, why they should put Honey in twice, unless they mistook honey for Mace, they have a blessed turn in this world, 'tis lawful for them to mistake, but for no body else. ELECTUARIES left out in their new Masterpiece which is famous for its baseness. Athanasia Mithridatis. Galen. College. TAke of Cinnamon, Cassia, Schoenanth, of each an ounce & an half; Saffron, Myrrh, of each one ounce; Costus, o Meum. Spignel, p Waterflag perhaps they mean. See the root in the Catalogue of Simples. Acorus, Agrick, Scordium, Carrots, Parsley, of each half an ounce, white Pepper, eleven grains; Honey, so much as is sufficient to make it into an Electuary according to art. Culpeper] A. It prevails against poison and the bitings of venomous beasts, and helps such whose meat putrifies in their stomach, stays vomiting of blood, helps old coughs, and cold diseases in the liver spleen, bladder, and matrix. The College hath made some petty alterations in the quantities of the Simples, but not worth the speaking of. The dose is half a drachm. Electuarium è b Scoria ferri is properly those flaks that smiths beat off from Iron when it is 〈◊〉 hot. scoria ferri. Rhasis. The College.] Take of the flakes if Iron infused in Vinegar seven days and dried, three drams, Indian Spicknard, Schoenanth, Cyperus, Ginger Pepper Bishop's Weed, Frankincense, of each half an ounce, Myrocalans, Indian, Bellericks, and Emblicks, Honey boiled with the decoction of Emblicks sixteen ounces: mix them together and make of them an Electuary. Culpeper] A. I wonder how the quantities of the Myrobalans escaped the great care, labour, pains, and the industry of the honourable Society the Authors of that Book, or the vigilancy of the vaporing Printer. Rhasis an Arabian Physician, the Author of the Receipt appoints a drachm of each: the medicine heats the spleen gently, purgeth melancholy, easeth pains in the stomach and spleen, and stre ngthens digestion. People that are strong may take half an ounce in the morning fasting, and weak people three drams. It is a good remedy for pains and hardness of the spleen. Cónfectio Humain. Mesue. The College.] Take of Eyebright two ounces, Fennel seeds five drachms, Cloves, Cinnamon Cubebs, long Pepper, Mace, of each one drachm: beat them all into powder, and with clarified Honey one pound, in which boil juice of Fennel one ounce, juice of Celondine and Rue, of each half an ounce, and with the powders make it up into an Electuary. Culpeper.] A. It is chiefly apropriated to the brain and heart, quickens the senses, especially the sight, and resisteth the pestilence. You may take half a drachm if your body be hot, a drachm if cold, in the morning fasting. Diaireos' Salominis. Nich. The College] Take of Orris roots one ounce; Penyroyal, Hyssop, Liquoris, of each six drams; Traganth, white Starch, bitter Almonds, Pine Nuts, Cinnamon, Ginger, Pepper, of each three drachms; fat Figs, the pulp of Raisins of the Sun, and Dates of each three drachms and an half; Styrax Calamitis two drachms and an half; Sugar dissolved in Hyssop water, and clarified Honey, of each twice the weight of all the rest: make them into an Electuary according to art. Culpeper] A. The Electuary is chiefly apropriated to the lungs, and helps cold infirmities of them, as asthmaes, coughs, difficulty of breathing etc. You may take it with a 〈◊〉 stick, or on point of a Knife, a little of it at a time, and often. Diasatryon. Nich. The College] Take of the roots of a Look the Roots in the Simples and there you shall find those directions you have need enough of. Satyrion fresh and sound, Garden Parsnips, Eringo, Pine Nuts, Indian Nuts, or if Indian Nuts be wanting, take the double quantity of Pine Nuts, Fistich Nuts, of each one b The Author appoints seven drams. ounce and an half; Cloves, Ginger, the seeds of Annis, Rockit, c viz. The seeds within them. Ash Keys, of each five drachms; Cinnamon, the tails and loins of Scincus, the seeds of d I know not what English name to give it. Bulbus, Nettles, of each two drachms and an half; Musk seven grains; of the best Sugar dissolved in 〈◊〉, three pounds: make it into an Electuary according to art. Culpeper] A. Either the College or the Printer, left out Cicer roots seven drachms, which I think are proper to the Receipt; they also added the loins of Scincus and the Nettle seeds, and in so doing they did well. A. It helps weakness of the reins and bladder, and such as make water with difficulty, it provokes lust exceedingly, and speedily helps such as are impotent in the acts of Venus. You may take two drachms or more at a time. Mathiolus his great Antidote against Poysou and Pestilence. The College] Take of Rhubarb, Rhupontick, Valerian Roots, the Roots of Acorus or Calamus Aromaticus, Cyperus, Cinkfoyl, Tormentil, round Birthwort, male Peony, Alicampane, Costus, Illirick, Orris, white Chameleon, or Avens, of each three drachms, the roots of Galanga, Masterwort, white Dictamni, Angelica, Yarrow, Filipendula or Dropwort, Zedoary, Ginger, of each two drachms; Rosemary, Gentian, Devilsbit, of each two drachms and an half, the seeds of Citrons, and Agnus Castus, the berries of Kermes, the seeds of Ash-tree, Sorrel, wild Parsneps, Navew, Nigella, Peony the male, Bazil, a Irio. Hedge Mustard, Treacle Mustard, Fennel, Bishops-weed, of each two drachms; the berries of Bay, Juniper, and Ivy, b I think they mean that by Smilex aspera. Sarsaparilla (or for want of it the double weight of Cubebs) Cubebs, of each one drachm and an half; the leaves of Scordium, Germander, Chamepitys, Centaury the less, Stoechas, Celtic Spicknard, Calaminth, Rue, Mints, Betony Vervain, Scabious, 〈◊〉 Benedictus, Bawm, of each one drachm and an half, Dittany of Crect, three 〈◊〉, Margerum, St. John's wort, Schaenanth, Horchound, Goat's Rue, Savin, Burnet, of each two drachms; Figs, Walnuts, Fistick nuts, of each three ounces; Emblick Myrobalans half an ounce, the flowers of Violets, borage, Bugloss, Roses, Lavender, Sage, Rosemary, of each four scruples, Saffron three drachms, Cassia Lignea ten drachms, Cloves, Nutmegs, Mace, of each two drachms and an half, black Pepper, long Pepper, all the three sorts of Sanders, wood of Aloes, of each one drachm and an half, Hartshorn half an ounce, unicorns-horn, or in its stead, Bezoar Stone one drachm, Bone in a Stag's heart, Ivory, Stag's pizzle, Castorium, of each four scruples, Earth of Lemnos three drachms; Opium one drachm and an half, Orient Pearls, Emerald, Jacinth, red Coral, of each one dram and an half, Camphire two drams, Gum Arabic, Mastich, Frankincense, Styrax, 〈◊〉, Sagapenum, Opopanax, Laserpitium or Myrrh, of each two drachms and an half, Musk, Ambergreese, of each one drachm, Oil of Vitriol half 〈◊〉 ounce, a See the way to make these in their proper places. Species cordiales temperatae, Diamargeriton, Diamoscu, Diambra, Electuarii de Gemmis, Troches of Camphire, of Squils', of each two drams and an half, Troches of Vipers two ounces, the juice of Sorrel, Sowthistles, Scordium, * Ecchium Viper's Bugloss, borage, Bawm, of each half a pound, Hypocistis two drachms, of the best Treacle and Mithridate of each six ounces, Old Wine three pound, of the best Sugar or choice b A wise man will take 〈◊〉 Honey eight pound six ounces: These being all chosen and prepared with diligence and art, let them be made into an Electuary, just as Treacle or Mithridate is. Culpeper] A. The Title shows you the scope of the Author in compiling it, I believe it is excellent for those uses: I want time to examine what alterations the College hath made in it, or whether any or none; for particular 〈◊〉 (to avoid Tautology) I refer you to his Bezoar Water. The dose of this is from a scruple to four scruples, or a dram and an half; It provokes sweeting abundantly, and in this or any other sweeting Medicine, order your body thus: Take it in bed, and cover yourself warm, in your sweeting, drink poslet drink as hot as you can; if it be for a fever, boil Sorrel and red Sage in the posset drink, sweat an our or two if your strength will bear it, than the chamber being kept very warm, shift yourself all but your head, about which (your cap which you sweat in being kept on) wrap a hot napkin, which will be a means to repel the vapours back. This I for present hold the best method for sweeting in fevers and pestilences, in which this Electuary is very good. A. I am loath to leave out this Medicine, which if it were stretched out and cut in thongs would reach round the world. Requies. Nicholaus. The College] Take of red Rose Leaves, the whites being cut off, blue Violets, of each three drachms: Opium of Thebes dissolved in Wine, the seeds of white Henbane, Poppies, white and black, the roots of Mandrakes, the seeds of Endive, Purslain, Garden Lettuce, c I take it to be Fleawort, not Fleabane; the seeds look just like fleas. Psyllium, Spodium, Gum Traganth, of each two scruples, and five grains: 〈◊〉, 〈◊〉, Ginger, of each a drachm and an half: Sanders, 〈◊〉, white, and red, of each a drachm and an half: Sugar three times their weight dissolved in Rose water: Mix them together, and make of them an Electuary according to art. Culpeper] A. Requies, the title of this Prescript, signifies Rest: but I would not advise you to take too much of it inwardly, for fear instead of Rest it brings you to Madness, or at best to Folly: outwardly I confess being applied to the temples, as also to the insides of the wrists, it may mitigate the heat in fevers, and provoke the Rest; as also mitigate the violent heat and raging in Frenzies. I like not the Receipt taken inwardly. Electuarium Reginae Coloniens. The College] Take of the seeds of Saxifrage and Gromwel, juice of Liquoris, of each half an ounce: the seeds of Carraway, Annis, Smallage, Fennel, Parsly of Macedonia, Broom, Carrots, Bruscus, Sparagus, Lovage, Cummin, Juniper, Rue, Siler Mountain, the seeds of Acorus, Penyroyal, cinquefoil, Bay-berries, of each two drachms: Indian Spicknard, Schaenanth, Amber, Valerian, Hogs Fennel, Lapis Lincis, of each a drachm and an half: Galanga, Ginger, Turbith, of each two drachms: Senna an ounce: Goats blood prepared, half an ounce: mix them together: first beat them into powder, then make them into an Electuary according to art, with three times their weight in Sugar dissolved in white Wine. Culpeper] A. It is an excellent remedy for the stone and wind colic, a drachm of it being taken every morning; I assure such as are troubled with such diseases, I commend it to them as a Jewel. PILLS. Culpeper. A. PILLS in Greek are called, 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉, in Latin, Pilulae; which signifies little Balls: because they are made up in such a form, that they may be the better swallowed down, by reason of the offensiveness of their taste. A. They were first invented for the purging of the head (however Physicians have since ordered the business) because the matter there offending is not so soon taken away by any other Physic. A. Such as have Scammony, otherwise called Diagrydium in them, or Colocynthis, work strongly, and must be taken in the morning, and the body well regulated after them, keeping your chamber and a good fire. I shall instruct you in the dose as I come to them, Such as have neither Colocynthis, nor Diagrydium, may best be taken in the evening; neither need you keep the house for them. Pilulae de Agarico. Page 121. in the Latin Book. Or, Pills of Agrick. The College] Take of Agrick three drams: our own blue Orris roots, Mastic, Horehound, of each one drachm: Turbith five drachms, Species Hiera Picra half an ounce: Colocynthis, Sarcoc ol, of each two drachms: Myrrh, one drachm: Sapa as much as is sufficient to make it into a Mass according to art. Culpeper] A. It was invented to cleanse the breast and lungs of phlegm, it works pretty tithly, therefore requires a good head-piece to direct it. Half a drachm at a time keeping yourself warm cannot well do you harm, unless your body be very weak. Pilulae Aggregativae. Page 121. in the Latin Book. The College] Take of Citron Myrobalans, Rhubarb, of each half an ounce, juice of Agrimony and Wormwood made thick of each two drachms: Diagridium five drachms: Agrick, Colocynthis, Polypodium, of each two drachms: Turbith, Aloes, of each six drams: Mastich, red Roses, Sal. gem. Epithimum, Annis, Ginger, of each one drachm: with Syrup of Damask Roses, make it into a Mass according to art. Culpeper] A. It purgeth the head of choler, phlegm, and Melancholy and that stoutly; it is good against quotidian agues, and faults in the stomach and liver; yet because it is well corrected if you take but half a drachm at a time, and keep yourself warm, I suppose you may take it without danger. Pilulae Aloephanginae. Page 121. in the Latin Book. The College] Take of Cinnamon, Cloves, Cardamons the less, Nutmegs, Mace, Calamus Aromaticus, Carpobalsamum, or Juniper Berries, Squinanth wood of Aloes, yellow Sanders, red Roses dried, Wormwood, of each half an ounce: Let the tincture be taken out of these being grossly bruised in spirit of Wine, the vessel being close stopped, in three pound of this tincture being strained, dissolve Aloes one pound: which being dissolved add Mastich, Myrrh, of each half an ounce: Saffron two drachms: Balsam of Peru one drachm: the superfluous Liquor being consumed, either over hot ashes or a bath, bring it into a Mass of Pills. Culpeper] A. This Receipt differs much from that which Mesue left to posterity: perhaps the College followed Renodaeus more closely in it than they did Mesue: But some question whether Renodaeus: or the College either can amend the Receipts of Mesue. The chief alterations are: Asarabacca roots, Indian Spicknard, of each one ounce, is totally left out; besides, all the Simples till you come to the Wormwood, are set down but half so much in quantity as Mesue prescribed them: Some other small alterations are also in most of the quantities. But I must return to my scope. A. It cleanseth both stomach and brain of gross and putrified humours, and sets the senses free when they are thereby troubled, it cleanseth the brain offended by ill humours wind etc. helps vertigo, and headaches, and strengthens the brain exceedingly, helps concoction, and strengthens the stomach. I have often made experience of it upon my 〈◊〉 body, and always with good success in such occasions, and therefore give me leave to commend it unto my Country men, for a wholesome cleansing Medicine, strengthening, no ways violent: one drachm taken at night going to bed will work gently next day; if the party be weak you may give less, if strong, more. If you take but half a drachm you may go abroad the next day, but if you take a drachm, you may keep the house, there can be no harm in that. Pilulae de Aloe Lota. Page 122. in the Latin Book. Or, Pills of washed Aloes. The College] Take of Aloes washed with juice of Red-Roses one ounce, Agrick three drachms, Mastic two drachms, ` Diamoschu Dulce half a drachm, Syrup of Damask Roses, so much as is sufficient to make it into a Mass according to art. Culpeper] A. It purgeth both brain, stomach, bowels and eyes of putrified humours, and also strengthens them. Use these as the succeeding. Aloe Rosata. Page 122. in the Latin Book. The College.] Take of Aloes in powder, four ounces, juice of Damask Roses clarified one pound, mix them and 〈◊〉 them in the Sun, or in a bath, till the superfluous Liquor be drawn off, digest it, and evaporate it four times over, and keep the * By Mass aiwaies understand the composition brought into such a thickness, that you may easily with your fingers make it into pills. Mass. Culpeper] A. It is a gallant gentle purger of choler, frees the stomach from superfluous humours, opens stops, and other infirmities of the body proceeding from choler or phlegm, as yellow Jaundice etc. and strengthens the body exceedingly. Take a scruple or half a drachm at night going to bed, you may walk abroad, for it will 〈◊〉 work till next day in the after noon. Pilulae Aurcae. Page 122. in the Latin Book. The College] Take of Aloes, Diacrydium, of each five drachms, Red-Roses, Smallage seeds, of each two drachms and an half; the seeds of Annis and Fennel, of each one drachm and an half, Mastic, Saffron, Troch. Alhandal of each one drachm, with a sufficient quantity of Honey roses, make it into a Mass according to art. Culpeper] A. They are held to purge the head, to quicken the senses, especially the sight, and to expel wind from the bowels, but works something harshly. Half a drachm is the utmost dose, keep the fire take them in the morning and sleep after them, they will work before noon. Pilulae Cochiae the greater. Page 122. in the Latin Book. The College.] Take of Species Hiera Picra ten drachms, Troch. Alhandal three drachms and an half, Diacrydium two drachms and an half, Turbith, Stechas, of each five drachms, with a sufficient quantity of Syrup of Stechas, make it into a 〈◊〉 according to art. Culpeper] A. Gesner, and Math. de Grad. put in only two scruples and a half of Diagrydium, belike because they would not have it work so violently. But Mesue, Rhafis, and Nicholaus Myrepsus prescribe two drachms and an half, as here in the Dispensatory; only Mesue appoints it to be made up with syrup of Wormwood. 'Tis held to purge the head, but 'tis but a dogged purge at best, and must be given only to strong bodies, and but half a drachm at a time, and yet with great care. Pilulae Cochiae the less. Page 123. in the Latin Book. The College.] Take of Aloes, Scammony, Colocynthis, of each one ounce, with equal parts of Syrup of Wormwood and of purging thorn, make it into a Mass according to 〈◊〉. Pilulae de Cynoglosso. Page 123. in the Latin Book Or, Pills of Houndstongue. The College] Take of the roots of Houndstongue dried, white 〈◊〉 seed, Opium prepared of each half an ounce, Myrrh six drachms, Olibanum five drachms, Saffron, Castoreum, Styrax Calamitis, of each one drachm and an half, with Syrup of Stoechas, make it into a Mass. Culpeper] A. It stays hot rheums that fall down upon the lungs, therefore is good in Phtisicks, also it mitigates pain: a scruple is enough to take at a time going to bed, and too much if your body be weak, have a care of opiates for fear they make you sleep your last. Pilulae ex 〈◊〉. Page 123. in the Latin Book. Or, Pills of two things. The College] Take of Colocynthis, and Scamony, of each one ounce, Oil of Cloves as much as is sufficient to malax them well, then with a little Syrup of purging Thorn, make it into a Mass. Culpeper] A. Surely the College intent to go to Hell, and give Physic to the Devils, they else would never invent such Pills as this and put Cochiae the less, without any corrigents at all, in truth 'tis pity but they should have the just reward of Perillus, viz. be forced to take them themselves, they being not only to strong, but also of a base gnawing nature, that so they may gnaw out their ill conditions. Pilulaede Eupatorio. Page 123. in the Latin Book. Or, Pills of Eupatorium. The College] Take of the juice of Maudlin, and Wormwood made thick, Citron Myrobalans, of each three drachms, Rhubarh three drachms and an half, Mastic one drachm, Aloes five drachms, Saffron half a dram, Syrup of the juice of Endive, as much as is sufficient to make it into a Mass. Culpeper] A. Having compared this Receipt of Mesue with reason, I find it a gallant gentle purge, and strengthening, fitted for such bodies as are much weakened by diseases of choler. The author apropriates it to such as have tertain agues, the yellow Jaundice, obstructions or stops of the liver; half a drachm taken at night going to bed, will work with an ordinary body, the next day by noon; the truth is, I was before sparing in relating the doses of most purging physics because they are to be regulated according to the strength of the patient etc. Physic is not to be presumed upon by Dunces, lest they meet with their matches and overmatches too. Pilulae Foetidae. Page 123. in the Latin Book. Or, Stinking Pills. The College] Take of Aloes, Colocynthis, Amoniacum, Sagapen. Myrrh, Rue seeds, Epithymum, of each five drachms, Scammony three drachms, the roots of Turbith half an ounce, the roots of Spurge the less prepared, Hermodactils of each two drachms, Ginger one drachm and an half, Spicknard, Cinnamon, Saffron, Castoreum, of each one drachm, Euphorbium prepared two 〈◊〉, dissolve the Gums in juice of Leeks, and with Syrup made with the juice of Leeks and Sugar, make it into a Mass. Culpeper] A. They purge gross and raw phlegm, and diseases thereof arising, Gouts of all sorts, pains in the backbone and other joints; it is good against Leprosies, and other such like infirmities of the skin. I fancy not the receipt much. Both because of its violence and apish mixture. Pilulae de Hermodactilis. Page 124 in the L. Book. Or, Pills of Hermodactils. The College] Take of Sagapen. fix drachms, Opopanax three drachms, melt them in warm juice of Coleworts, so much as is sufficient, then strain it through a convenient rag, afterwards boil it to a mean thickness, then take of Hermodactils, Aloes, Citron, Myrobalans, Turbith, Coloquintida, soft Bdellium, of each six drachms, Euphorbium prepared, the seeds of Rue and Smallage, Castorium, Sarcocol, of each three drachms, Saffron one drachm and an half, with Syrup of the juice of Coleworts made with Honey, make it into a Mass according to art. Culpeper] A. They are good against the Gout and other cold afflictions of the joints. These are more moderare by half; than Pilulae Foetidae, and apropriated to the same diseases. You may take a drachm in the morning, if age and strength agree; if not, take less, and keep your body warm by the fire, now and then walking about the chamber. Pilulae de Hiera cum Agarico. P. 124. in Lat. Book. Or, Pills of Hiera with Agrick. The College] Take of Species Hiera Picra, Agrick, of each half an ounce, Aloes one ounce, Honey roses so much as is sufficient to make it into a Mass according to art. Culpeper] A. Very many are the virtue's Authors have been pleased to confer upon this Medicine, as making it universal, and applying it to all parts of the body, and almost all diseases in them; proceed they either of choler, phlegm, or of melanceolly: nay they make it to resist poison, and Epidemical diseases, to help the 〈◊〉, dropsy, and falling sickness; to provoke the terms, and ease the fits of the mother, to cure agues of all sorts, shortness of breath, and consumption of the lungs, vertigo, or dissiness in the head, to open obstructions of the liver and spleen, 〈◊〉 cure the yellow Jaundice, and sharpness of urine: to strengthen the brain and memory, and what not; the truth is, it is as harmless a purge, as most is in their Dispensatory. You may safely take a scruple at night going to bed, having eat a light supper three hours before; and you may safely go about your business the next day, for it will not work too hastily, but very gently; so you may continue taking it a week together, for it will not do wonders in once taking. Pilulae Imperiales. Page 124. in the 〈◊〉 Book. Or, Imperial Pills. The College] Take of Aloes two ounces, Rhubarb one ounce and an half, Agrick Senna, of each one ounce Cinnamon three drachms, Ginger two drachms, Nutmegs, Cloves, Spicknard, Mastic, of each a dram, with Syrup of Violets, make it into a Mass according to art. Culpeper] A. It cleanseth the body of mixed humours, and strengthens the stomach exceedingly, as also the bowels, liver, and natural spirit; it is good for cold natures, and cheers the spirits. The dose is a scruple or half a drachm, taken at night; in the morning drink a draught of warm posset drink, and then you may go about your business:) both these and such like Pills as these, 'tis your best way to take them many nights together, for they are proper for such infirmities as cannot be carried away at once, observe th' is rule in all such pills as are to be taken at night. Pilulae de Lapide Lazuli. P. 124. in the Lat. Book. Or, Pills of Lapis Lazuli. The College] Take of Lapis Lazuli in powder and well washed five drachms, Epithimum, Polypodium, Agrick, of each an onnce, Scammony, black Hellebore roots, Sal. gem. of each two drachms and an half, Cloves, Annis seeds of each half an ounce, Species Hiera Simple, fifteen drachms, with Syrup of the juice of Fumitory, make it into a Mass according to art. Culpeper.] A. It purgeth melancholy very violently, we will not now dispute the story how, or in what cases violent purges are fit for melancholy, let it suffice that it is not fit for a vulgar use. Pilulae Macri. Page 125. in the Latin Book. The College] Take of Aloes two ounces, Mastic half an ounce, dried Marjoram two drachms, Salt of Wormwood one drachm, make them all being in powder, into a Mass according to art with juice of Coleworts and Sugar, so much as is sufficient. Culpeper] A. It is a gallant composed Pill, who ever was the Author of it, I have not time to search, it strengtheneth both stomach and brain, especially the nerves and muscles (what they are you shall be instructed in a table by itself, at the latter end of the Book, as also in all other hard words that puzzle your brains) and easeth them of such humours as afflict them, and hinder the motion of the body, they open obstructions of the liver and spleen, and takes away diseases thence coming. Your best way is to take them often going to bed, you may take a scruple, or half a drachm at a time; I commend it to such people as have had hurts or bruises, whereby the use of their limbs is impaired, and I desire them to take it often, because diseases in remote parts of the body cannot be taken away at a time; It will not hinder their following of their business at all, and therefore is the fitter for poor people. Pilulae Mastichinae. Page 125. in the Latin Book. Or, Mastic Pills. The College.] Take of Mastic two ounces, Aloes four ounces, Agrick, Species Hiera simple, of each one ounte and an half, with Syrup of Wormwood, make it into a Mass according to art. Culpeper] A. They purge very gently, but strengthen much, both head, brain, eyes, belly and reins. Both dose, and order is the same with the former. Pilulae Mechoacanae. Page 125. in the Latin Book. Or, Pills of Mechoacan. The College] Take of Mecoacan roots half an ounce, Turbith three drachms, the leaves of Spurge steeped in Vinegar and dried, the seeds of Walwort, Agrick, 〈◊〉, of each two 〈◊〉, Spurge roots prepared, Mastich, of each one drachm and an half, Mace, Cinnamon, Sal. gem. of each two scruples, beat them into powder, and with white Wine bring them into a Mass. When it is dry beat it into powder, and with Syrup made with the juice of Orris roots and Sugar, make it the second time into a Mass for Pills. Culpeper] A. They purge phlegm very violently. If the disease be desperate, you may take half a dram, (or a scruple if your body be weak keeping the house) else I would advise you to let them alone. Pilulae de Opopanace. Page 125. in the Latin Book. Or, Pills of Opopanax. The College] Take of Opopanax, Sagapen. Bdelsium, Amoniacum, Hermodactils, Coloquintida, of each five drachms, Saffron, Castorium, Myrrh, Ginger, white Pepper, Cassia Lignea, Citron, 〈◊〉, of each one drachm, Scammony two drachms, Turbeth half an ounce, Aloes one ounce and an half, the Gums being dissolved in clarified juice of Coleworts, with Syrup of the juice of Coleworts, make them into a Mass according to art. Culpeper.] A. It helps tremble, palsies, gouts of all sorts, cleanseth the joints, and is helpful for such as are troubled with cold afflictions of the nerves. It works violently, take but half a drachm at a time and stir not abroad. 〈◊〉 Rudii. Page 126 in the Latin Book. The College] Take of Coloquintida six drachms, Agrick, Scammony, the roots of black Hellebore, and Tarbith, of each half an ounce, Aloes one ounce, Diarrodon abbatis half an ounce, let all of them (the Diarrh. Abb-excepted) be grossly bruised, and insused eight days in the best spirit of Wine in a vessel close stopped in the Sun, so that the Liquor may swim at top the breadth of six fingers: afterwards infuse the Diarrh. Abb. in the same 〈◊〉 four days in aqua vitae, then having strained and pressed them hard, mix them both together, Casting the dross away, and draw off the moisture in a glass Alembick, and let the thick matter remain in a Mass. Culpeper] A. As this is the dearest, so in my opinion it is most excellent in operation of all the Pills in the Dispensatory, being of a quick searching nature, yet though many violent simples be in it, the terrene part is cast away, and only the tincture used, whereby it is apparent it cannot lie gnawing in the body so long; It cleanseth both head and body of choler, phlegm, and melancholy: it must not be taken in any great quantity, half a drachm is sufficient for the strongest body; let the weaker take but a scruple, and the weakest less; keep your chamber: they work very speedily being of a penetrating nature. Pilulae Ruffi. Page 126. in the Latin Book. The College] Take of Aloes two ounces, Myrrh one ounce, Saffron half an ounce, with Syrup of the Juice of Lemons, make it into a Mass according to art. Culpeper] A. A scruple taken at night going to bed, is an excellent preservative in pestilential times; also they cleanse the body of such humours as are gotten by surfeits, they strengthen the heart, and weak stomaches, and work so easily that you need not fear following your business the next day. Pilulae sine Quibus. Page 126. in the Latin Book. Or, Pills without which— The College] Take of washed Aloes, fourteen drachms: Scammony prepared six drachms: Agrick, Rhubarb, Senna, of each half an ounce: 〈◊〉, red Roses exungulated, Violet flowers, Doddar, Mastich, of each a drachm: Salt of Wormwood, of each half a drachm: with Syrup of the Juice of Fennel made with Honey, make it into a Mass according to art. Culpeper] A. It purgeth phlegm, choler, and melancholy from the head, makes the sight and hearing good, and giveth ease to a burdened brain. Pilulae sine quibus esse nolo, is in English, Pills without which I will not be: But unless they worked more gently, I had rather let them alone than take them. I doubt they were mistaken, it should have been Pilulae sine quibus esse volo, not sine quibus esse nolo. Pilulae Stomachicae. Page 126. in the Latin Book. Or, Stomach Pills. The College] Take of Aloes six drachms: Mastich, red Roses, of each two drachms: with Syrup of Wormwood, make it into a Mass according to art. Culpeper.] A. They cleanse and strengthen the stomach, they cleanse but gently, strengthen much, help digestion. Take them as the former. Pilulae Stomachicae cum Gummi. Pag. 127. in L. B. Or, Stomach Pills with Gums. The College] Take of Aloes an ounce: Senna five drachms: Gum Ammoniacum dissolved in Elder-flower-Vineger, half an ounce: Mastich, Myrrh, of each a drachm and an half: Saffron, Salt of Wormwood, of each half a drachm: with Syrup of Purging Thorn, make it into a Mass according to art. Culpeper] A. They work more strongly than the former did, and are apropriated to such whose stomaches are weakened by surfeits; let such take a drachm of them in the morning, and if they can sleep after them, let them. They may take them by four of the clock, and keep the house all day. Pilulae è Styrace. Page 127. in the Latin Book. Or, Pills of Styrax. The College] Take of Styrax Calamitys, Olibanum, Myrrh, Juice of Liquoris, Opium, of each half an ounce: with Syrup of white Poppies, make it into a Mass according to art Culpeper] A. They help such as are troubled with defluxion of Rhewm, Coughs, and provoke sleep to such as cannot sleep for coughing. Half a scruple is enough to take at a time, if the body be weak, if strong, they may make bold with a little more: I desire the ignorant to be very cautious in taking Opiates; I confess it was the urgent importunity of friends moved me to set down the Doses; they may do wise men very much good, and therefore I consented: if people will be mad and do themselves mischief, I can but warn them of it, I can do no more. Pilulae de Succino. Page 127. in the Latin Book. Or, Pills of Amber The College] Take of white Amber, Mastic, of each two drachms: Aloes five drachms: Agrick, a drachm and an half: Long Birthwort, half a drachm: with Syrup of Wormwood make it into a Mass. Culpeper] A. It amends the evil state of a woman's body, strengthens conception, and takes away what hinders it; it gently purgeth choler and phlegm, and leaves a binding, strengthening quality behind it. Take them as Imperial Pills. Pilulae ex Tribus. Pag. 127. in the Latin Book. Or, Pills of three things. The College] Take of Mastic two ounces: Aloes four ounces, Agrick, Hiera Simple of each an ounce and an half, Rhubarb two ounces, Cinnamon two drachms: with Syrup of Succory, make it into a Mass according to art. Culpeper.] A. They gently purge choler, and help diseases thence arising, as itch, Scabs, wheals, etc. They strengthen the stomach and Liver, and open obstructions; as also help the yellow Jaundice. You may take a scruple or half a drachm at night going to bed, according as your body is in strength; neither need you fear next day to go about your business. Pilulae Turpeti Aureae. Page 127. in the Latin Book. The College] Take of Turbith two ounces: Aloes an ounce and an half: Citron Myrobalans, ten drams: Red Roses, Mastich, of each six drachms: Saffron, three drachms: Beat them all into powder, and with Syrup of Wormwood bring them into a Mass. Culpeper] A. They purge choler and phlegm, and that with as much gentleness as can be desired; also they strengthen the stomach and liver, and help digestion. Take a setuple or half a drachm, according as your body and the season of the year is, at night, you may follow your business next day. Laudanum. Page 127. in the Latin Book. The College] Take of Theban Opium extracted in Spirit of Wine, one ounce: Saffron alike extracted, a drachm and an 〈◊〉 Castorium one drachm: Let them be taken in tincture of half an ounce of Species Diambrae newly made in Spirit of Wine; add to them Amber greese, Musk of each six grains: Oil of Nutmegs ten drops: Evaporate the moisture away in a bath, and leave the Mass. Culpeper] A. It was invented (and a gallant invention it is) to mitigate violent pains, stop the sums that trouble the brain in fevers (but beware of Opiates in the beginning of Fevers) to provoke sleep, take not above two grains of it at a time, going to bed; if that provoke not sleep, the next night you may make bold with three. Have a care how you be too busy with such medicines, lest you make a man sleep till doomsday. Nepenthes Opiatum. Page 128. in the Latin Book. The College] Take of Tincture of Opium made first with distilled Vinegar, then with Spirit of Wine, Saffron extracted in spirit of Wine, of each an ounce: Salt of Pearl and Coral, of each half an ounce: Tincture of Spec. Diambrae, seven drachms: Amber greese, one drachm: 〈◊〉 them into the form of Pills by the gentle heat of a bath. Culpeper] A. The Operation is like the former, only 'tis dearer, and not a whit better: This is for the Gentry that must pay dear for a thing, else 'tis not good. The PILLS left out by the College in their New piece of Wit, are these. Pilulae Assaireth. Avicenna. The College] Take of Species Hiera Picra Galeni an ounce: Mastich, Citron Myrobalans, of each half an ounce: Aloes two ounces: the Syrup of Stoechas as much as is sufficient: Make of them a Mass according to art. Culpeper] A. It purgeth choler and 〈◊〉, and strengtheneth the whole body exceedingly, being very precious for such whose bodies are weakened by surfers, or ill diet, to take half a drachm or a scruple at night going to bed. Tills of Bdellium. Mesue. The College] Take of Bdellium ten drachms: Myrobalans, Bellericks, Emblicks, and Blacks, of each five 〈◊〉: flakes of Iron, Leek seéds, of each three drachms: * A kind of Sea shell to be had at the Apo 〈◊〉. Choncula Veneris burnt, Coral burnt, Amber, of each a drachm and an half: 〈◊〉, half an ounce: a Not infuse as the College prescribe. Dissolve the Bdellium in juice of Leeks, and with so much Syrup of juice of Leeks as is sufficient, make it into a Mass according to art. Culpeper] A. Both this and the former are seldom used, and therefore are hardly to be had. Those that please may easily make the former, this is more tedious; but the Printer will have it put in to stop the mouth of Momus. Pills of Rhubarb. Mesue. The College] Take of choice Rhubarb three 〈◊〉: Citron Myrobalans, Trochisci Diarhodon, of each three drachms and an half: Juice of Liquoris, and Juice of Wormwood, Mastic, of each one drachm; the seeds of Smallage and Fennel, of 〈◊〉 half a dram: Species Hiera Picra Simp. Galeni, 〈◊〉 〈◊〉: with juice of Fennel b And why not calrified? Can they give but a piece of a reason for it? I am deceived if Mcsue appoint not Fennel water. not clarified, and Honey so much as is sufficient, make it into a Mass. Culpeper] A. It purgeth choler, opens obstructions of the Liver, helps the yellow jaundice and dropsies in the beginning, strengtheneth the stomach and lungs. Take them as Pilulae Imperiales. They are never the worse because the College left them out. Pilulae Arabica. Nicholaus. The College] Take of the best Aloes, four ounces: Briony Roots, Myrobalans, Citrons, Chebs, Indian, Bellerick, and Emblick, Mastic, Diagrydium, Asarabacca, Roses, of each an ounce: Castorium, three drachms: Saffron, one dram: with Syrup of Wormwood, make it into a Mass according to art. Culpeper.] A. It helps such women as are not sufficiently purged in their labour, helps to bring away what a careless Midwife hath left behind, purgeth the head, helps headache, megrim, vertigo, and purgeth the stomach of vicious humours, besides Authors say it preserves the sight, and hearing, and preserves the mind in vigour, and causeth joyfulness, driving away melancholy; 'tis like it may, but have a care you take not too much of it, a scruple is enough to take at a time, or half a drachm if the body be strong, take it in the morning about four of the clock, and (if you can) sleep an hour or two after, keep yourself warm by the fire, and order yourself as after other purges. I pray be not too busy with it, and say I warned you of it. Pilulae Arthriticae. Nicholaus. The College] Take of Hermodactils, Turbith, Agrick, of each half an ounce: Cassia Lignea, Indian Spicknard, Cloves, Xylobalsamum, or wood of Aloes, Carpobalsamum or Cubebs, Mace, Galanga, Ginger, Mastich, Assafoetida, the seeds of Annis, Fennel, Saxifrage, Asparagus, Bruscus, Roses, Gromwel, Sal. gem. of each two drachms: Scammony, one ounce: of the best Aloes the weight of them all: Juice of Chamepitys made thick with Sugar so much as is sufficient, or Syrup of the Juice of the same, so much as is sufficient to make it into a Mass. Culpeper.] A. As I remember the Author appoints but a drachm of Scammony, which is but the eighth part of an ounce, and then will the Receipt be pretty moderate, whereas now it is too too violent. I know well enough it is the opinion of Doctors that Aloes retards the violent working of Scammony, I could never find it, and I am the worst in the world to pin my faith upon another man's sleeve, and I would as willingly trust my life in the hands of a wild bear as in the hands of that Monster called TRADITION: If but a drachm of Scammony be put in, then may a man safely (if not too much weakened) take a drachm of it at a time, about four in the morning, ordering yourself as in the former: but made up as the College prescribes, I durst not take them myself, therefore will I not prescribe them to others. It helps the gout and other pains in the joints, comforts and strengthens both brain and stomach, and consumes diseases whose original comes of phlegm. Pilulae Cochiae with Hellebore. The College] Take of the powder of the Pills before prescribed, the powder of the bark of the roots of 〈◊〉 Hellebore, one ounce: make it into a Mass with Syrup of Stoechas according to art. Culpeper] A. The former purgeth the head of phlegm, and therefore is fit for Lethargies: this of Melancholy, and is therefore fit for mad people, if Melancholy be the cause. Pills of Fumitory. Avicenna. The College] Take of Myrobalans, Citrons; Chebs, and Indian, 〈◊〉, of each five drachms: Aloes 〈◊〉 drachms: Let all of them being bruised, be thrice moistened with juice of Fumitory, and thrice suffered to dry, then brought into a Mass with Syrup of Fumitory. Culpeper] A. It purgeth Melancholy from the liver and spleen, sharp, choleric, and addust humours, salt phlegm, and therefore helps 〈◊〉 and itch. Take but half a drachm at a time in the morning, and keep by the fire. Be not too busy with it I beseech you. Pilulae Indae. Mesue out of Haly. The College] Take of Indian Myrobalans, black Hellebore, Polypodium of the Oak, of each five drams: Epithimum, Stoechas, of each six drachms: Agrick, Lapis Lazuli often washed, Troches Alhandal, Sal. Indi, of each half an ounce: Juice of Maudlin made thick, Indian Spicknard, of each two drachms: Cloves one drachm: Species hiera picra Simplex Galeni, 〈◊〉 drachms: with Syrup of the Juice of Smallage, make it into a Mass according to art. Culpeper] A. It wonderfully prevails against afflictions coming of Melancholy, Cancers which are not ulcerated, Leprosy, Evils of the mind coming of melancholy, as sadness, fear, etc. quartan agues, jaundices, pains and infirmities of the spleen. I advise to take but half a drachm, or a scruple at a time, and take it often, for melancholy infirmities are not easily removed upon a sudden, take it in the morning and keep the house. Pilulae Lucis majores. Mesue. The College] Take of Roses, Violets, Wormwood, Colocynthis, Turbith, Cubebs, Calamus Aromaticus, Nutmegs, Indian Spicknard, Epithimum, Carpobalsamum, or instead thereof, Cardamons, Xylobalsamum, or wood of Aloes, the seeds of Seseli or Hartwort, Rue, Annis, Fennel, and Smallage, Schaenanthus, Mastich, Asarabacca roots, Cloves, 〈◊〉, Cassia Lignea, Saffron, Mace, of each two drachms; Myrobalans, Citrons, Chebuls, Indian, Bellerick, and Emblick, Rhubarb, of each half an ounce: Agrick, Senna, of each five drachms: Aloes succotrina the weight of them all: with Syrup of the juice of 〈◊〉 make it into a Mass according to art. Culpeper] A. It purgeth mixed humours from the head, and 〈◊〉 it of such excrements as hinder the sight. You may take a drachm in the morning, keep yourself warm and within doors, you shall find them strengthen the brain and visive virtue: If your body be weak take less. Pills of Spurge. Fernelius. The College] Take of the Bark of the roots of Spurge the less, steeped twenty four hours in Vinegar and juice of Purslain, two drachms: Grains of * A 〈◊〉 of Spurge, three of the seeds of which some Authors (and they good ones too) say, will give a man a sufficient purge. Palma Christi torrefied, by number forty: Citron Myrobalans, one drachm and an half: Germander, Chamepitys, Spicknard, Cinnamon of each two scruples; being beaten into fine powder with an ounce of 〈◊〉 Traganth dissolved in Rose water, and syrup of Roses so much as is sufficient, let it be made into a Mass. Culpeper] A. I could say if I would, and prove it too, that the ounce of Gum Traganth so dissolved is enough to make six times so much into a Mass, but because the Receipt (in my eyes) seems more fitting for a horse than for a man, I leave it. Pills of Euphorbium. Mesue. The College] Take of Euphorbium, Colòcynthïs', Agrick, Bdellium, Sagapenum, of each two drachms: Aloes five drachms: with Syrup made of the juice of Leeks, make it into a mass. Culpeper] A. The Pills are exceeding good for dropsies, pains in the loins, and Gouts coming of a moist cause. Take not above half a drachm at a time and keep the house. Pilulae Scribonii. The College] Take of Sagapenum, and Myrrh, of each two drachms: Opium, Cardamons, Castorium, of each one drachm; white Pepper, half a drachm; Sapa so much as is sufficient to make it into a Mass according to art. Culpeper] A. It is apropriated to such as have Phtisicks, and such as spit blood, but aught to be newly made, a scruple is sufficient taken going to bed. Galen was the Author of it. A. I have now done with the Pills, only take notice that such as have Diagrydium (otherwise called Scammony) in them, work violently and are to be taken early in the morning, with discretion and administered with due consideration; the other work more gently, so that you may take a scruple of them at night going to bed and follow your employments next day without danger. A. I put in these only to satisfy the desires of the curious, being confident that the College quoted more by half than needed; and Apothecaries must have them all in a readiness because the College appoints them; for if a Master, bid his boy quench out the fire and make a new one, he must do it, because he is commanded; Oh! that they would once be so wise to see their slavery. TROCHES. Culpeper. A. IF any cavil at this name, and think it hardly English; let them give a better and I shall be thankful: I know no other English name but will fall far below it. A. They have gotten many Greek names, almost as many as a Welshman: 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉, and 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉. The Latins, besides the Greek name, Trochisci and Pastilli, and Placentulae. A. Although a man may make them into what form he pleaseth, yet they are usually made into little flat thin cakes, of a scruple or twenty grains in weight plus minus: some print Images (as of Serpents upon Troches of Vipers) upon them, some gild them with Leaf-Gold, some do neither. A. They were first invented by the Ancients, that Powders being brought into this form may be kept pure the longer; for the virtues of Powders will soon exhale by intromission of air, which the thick body of troches resist; also such as are pectoral are the 〈◊〉 carried in one's pocket. A. Few of them are taken by themselves, but mixed with other Compositions. Trochisci de Absinthio. Page 129. in the Latin Book. Or, Troches of Wormwood. The College] Take of Red Roses, Wormwood leaves, Annis seeds, of each two drachms, Juice of Maudlin made thick, The roots of 〈◊〉, Rhubarb, Spicknard, Smallage seeds, bitter Almonds, Mastic, Mace, of each one drachm, juice of Succory so much as is sufficient to make it into Troches according to art Culpeper] A. Before they used the term Absinthium Ponticum, which is a term they gave before both to Roman and common wormwood, as I then told them in the Margin, and they it seems either not knowing what Wormwood Mesue the Author of the Receipt intended, or what pontic Wormwood, which before they prattled of was, now quite left out. A. They strengthen the stomach exceedingly, opens obstructions or stops of the belly or bowels, strengthens digestion, open the passages of the liver, helps the yellow Jaundice, and consumes watery superfluities of the body. They are somewhat bitter and seldom taken alone; if your palate affect bitter things, you may take a drachm of them in the morning: They cleanse the body of choler, but purge not, or not to any purpose. Agaricus Trochiscatus. Page 129. in the Lat. Book. Or, Agrick Trochiscated. The College] Take of Agrick sifted and powdered, three ounces, Steep it in a sufficient quantity of 〈◊〉 Wine, in which two drachms of Ginger have been 〈◊〉, and make it into Troches. Culpeper] A. See Troches of Agrick. This being indeed but the way to correct Agrick, and make it 〈◊〉 fitter for use, and to perform those virtues Agrick hath, which you may find among the simples. Trochisci Albi, Rhasis. Pag. 129, in the Latin Book. Or, White Troches. The College] Take of Ceruse washed in rose-water ten drachms, Sarcocol three drachms, white Starch two drachms, Gum Arabic, and Tragacanth, of each one drachm, Camphire half a drachm, either with Rosewater, or women's milk, make it into Troches according to art. Culpeper] A. They are cool without Opium, but cooler with it, as also very drying, and are used in injections in ulcers in the yard, and the running of the reins etc. It seems now the College, is very unwilling that you should know, that they use to contain half a drachm of Opium. If there be an inflammation you may use them with Opium, if not, without, and the manner of using them is this, take a drachm of the Troches, which having beaten into powder, mix with two ounces of plantain water, and with a Syringe inject it into the yard. Trochisci Alexit 〈◊〉 Page 129. in the Latin Book. The College] Take of Zedoary roots, powder of Crabs claws, of each one drachm and an half, the outward Citron pills preserved and dried, Angelica seeds, of each one drachm, Bowl Armenick half a drachm, with their treble weight in Sugar make them into powder, and with a sufficient quantity of Mussilage of Gum Tragacanth, made in 〈◊〉 water distilled, make it into past, of which make 〈◊〉 Culpeper A. The Greeks call all medicines that expel poison Alexiteria, so then Trochisci Alexiterii, are nothing else but troches to expel poison; this receipt is far different from what they prescribed before under that name, It may be I shall find under another name before I have done with the troches, they use to do such tricks sometimes, 〈◊〉 I do not; you shall have it at latter end; mean season, this preserves the body from ill airs, and Epedemical diseases, as the pestilence, small pocks etc. And strengthens the heart exceedingly, eating now and then a little, you may safely keep any troches in your pocket, for the drier you keep them, the better they are. 〈◊〉 Alhandal. Page 130. in the Latin Book. The College] Take of Coloquintida freed from the seeds, and cut Small, and rubbed with an ounce of 〈◊〉 of Roses, then beaten into fine powder ten ounces, Gum Arabic, Tragacanth, Bdellium, of each six drachms, 〈◊〉 the Gums three or four days in a sufficient quantity of Rose-water till they be melted, then with the afore said pulp, and part of the said Mussilage, let them be dried in the shadow, then beaten again, and with the rest of the Mussilage, make it up again, dry them and keep them for use. Culpeper] A. They are too violent for a vulgar use. Trochisci Aliptae Moschatae. P. 130. in Lat. Book. The College] Take of 〈◊〉 bruised, three ounces, Styrax Calamit is one ounce and an half, Benjamin one ounce, wood of Aloes two drachms, Amber greese one drachm, Camphire half a drachm, Musk 〈◊〉 a scruple, with a sufficient quantity of Rosewater, make it into Troches according to art. Culpeper] A. It is singular good for such as are Asthmatick and can hardly fetch their breath, as also for young children, whose throat is so narrow that they can hardly swallow down their milk, A very little taken at a time is enough for a man's body, and too much for a poor man's purse; for young children, give them four or five grains at a time in a little breast milk. Trochisci Alk ckengi Page. 130. in the Latin Book. Or, Troches of winter cherries. The College] Take of winter cherries three drachms, Gum Arabic, Tragacanth, Olibanum, dragon's blood, Pine nuts, bitter Almonds, white Starch, juice of Liquoris, Bole Armenick, white Poppy seeds, of each six drachms, the seeds of Meloves', Cucumbers, citruls, Guords, of each three drachms and an half, the seeds of Smallage and white Henbane, Amber, earth of Lemnos, Opium, of each two drachms, with juice of fresh winter Cherries, make them into Troches according to art. Culpeper] A. They 〈◊〉 provokes urine, and break the stone. Mix them with other medicines of that nature, half a drachm at a time or a drachm if age permit. Trochisci Bechici albi, vel, Rotulae Pectorales. 130. Or, Pectural 〈◊〉 The College] Take of white Sugar one pound, white Sugar Candy, Penids of each four ounces, Orris Florentine one ounce, Liquoris six drachms, white Starch one ounce and an half, with a sufficient quantity of Mussilage, of Gum Tragacanth made in Rose-water, make them into small troches. You may add four grains of Ambergreese, and three grains of Musk, to them if occasion serve. Trochisci Bechici Nigri. Pag. 131. in Lat. Book. The College] Take of juice of Liquoris, white Sugar of each one drachm, Gum Tragacanth, sweet Almonds blanched, of each six drachms, with a sufficient quantity of Mussilage, of Quinte seeds, made with Rosewater, make them into Troches according to art. Culpeper] A. Both this and the former will melt in ones mouth, and in that manner to be used by such as are troubled with coughs, cold, hoarceness or want of voice, the former is most in use, but in my opinion the last is most effectual. You may take them any time when the cough troubles you, and this convenience you shall find in Troches more than in any other Physic, you may carry them any whether in your pocket in a paper, without spoiling, though you travel as far as the East Indies. Trochisci de Barberis. Page 131. in the Latin Book. Or, Troches of Barberries. The College] Take of juice of Barberries, and Liquoris made thick, Spodium, Purstain seeds, of each three drachms, Red-roses six drachms, Indian Spicknard; Saffron, white Starch, Gum Tragcanth, of each a drachm, citrul seeds elensed three drachms and an half, Camphire half a drachm, with Manna dissolved in juice of Barberies, make them into Troches according to art. Culpeper] A. They wonderfully cool the heat of the liver, reins, and bladder, breast and stomach, and stop looseness, cools the heat in fevers. They are very fit for bodies that are distempered with heat to carry about with them when they travail, they may take them at any time; I suppose their mother's wit will teach them that it is best to take them when the stomach is empty: I cannot write every thing, neither if I did should I please every body; I had as leeve undertake (with the Sicilian Philosopher) to teach an Ass to speak, as to teach a Dunce physic. Trochisci de Camphora. Page 131. in the Lat. Book. Or, Troches of Camphire. The College] Take of Camphire half a drachm: Saffron two drachms: white Starch three drachms: red Roses, Gum Arabic, and Tragacanth, Ivory, of each half an ounce: the seeds of Cucumbers husked of Purslain, Liquor is of each an ounce, with Mussilage of the seeds of Fleawort, drawn in Rose water, make them into Troches. Culpeper] A. It is 〈◊〉 good in burning fevers, heat of blood and choler, together with hot distempers of the stomach and Liver, and extreme thirst coming thereby, also it is good against the yellow Jaundice, Phtisicks, and Hectic fevers. You may use these as the former. They have much altered this, for they must be doing, though to little purpose. Trochisci de Capparibus. Pag. 132. in L. Book. Or, Troches of Cappers. The College] Take of the Bark of Cappar roots, the seeds of Agnus Castus, of each six drachms: Ammoniacum, half an ounce: the seeds of Water-cresses and Nigella, the Leaves of Calaminth and Rue, the roots of Acorus and long Birthwort, the juice of Maudlin made thick, bitter Almonds, of each two drachms: Harts-tongue, the roots of round Cyperus, Maddir, Gum Lac. of each one drachm: Being bruised let them be made into Troches according to art, with Ammoniacum dissolved in Vinegar and boiled to the thickness of Honey. Culpeper] A. They open stops of the liver and spleen, and help diseases thereof coming, as Rickets, Hypocondriack Melancholy etc. Men may take a drachm, children a scruple in the morning: you need not ask how children should take it, 'tis well if you can get them to take it any how. Trochisci de Carabe. Page 132. in the Latin Book. Or, Troches of Amber. The College] Take of Amber an ounce: Harts-born burnt, Gum Arabic burnt, red Coral burnt, Tragacanth, Acacia, Hypocistis, Balaustines, Mastich, Gum Lacca washed, black Poppy seeds roasted, of each two drachms and two scruples: Frankincense, Saffron, Opium, of each two drachms: with a sufficient qantity of Mussilage of the seeds of Fleawort drawn in Plantain water, make them into Troches according to art. Culpeper.] A. They were invented to stop fluxes of blood in any part of the body, the terms in women, the Hemorrholds or piles; they also help ulcers in the breast and lungs. The dose is from ten grains to a scruple. Trochisci Cypheos for Mithridate. Page 132. in the Latin Book. The College] Take of Pulp of Raisins of the sun, 〈◊〉, Turpentine, of each three ounces: Myrrh, Squinanth, of each an ounce and an half; Cinnamon, half an ounce: Calamus Aromaticus, nine drachms: the roots of round Cyperus, and Indian 〈◊〉, Cassia Lignea, Juniper Berries, 〈◊〉, Aspalathus or wood of Aloes, two drachms and an half: Saffron one drachm: clarified Honey as much as is sufficient: Canary Wine a little: Let the 〈◊〉 and Bdellium be ground in a Mortar with the Wine, to the thickness of liquid Honey, then add the 〈◊〉, than the pulp of Raisins, than the Powders; at last with the Honey let them all be made into Troches. Culpeper] A. It is excellent good against inward ulcers in 〈◊〉 part of the body soever they be. It is chiefly used 〈◊〉 Compositions, as 〈◊〉 and 〈◊〉. Trochisci de Eupatorio. Page 133. in the Lat. Book. Or, Troches of Maudlin. The College] Take of the Juice of Mandlin made thick, Manna, of each an ounce: red Roses half an ounce: Spodium three drachms and an 〈◊〉: Spicknard three drachms: Rhubarb, Asarabacca roots; Annis seeds, of each two drachms: Let the Nard, Annis seeds and Roses be beaten together; the Spodium, Asarabacca and Rbubarb by themselves; then mix the Manna and Juice of Maudlin in a Mortar, add the powders, and with new juice make it into Troches. Culpeper] A. Obstructions, or stops, and swelling above nature, both of the liver and spleen, 〈◊〉 cured by the inward taking of these Troches, and diseases thereof coming; as yellow and black jaundice, the beginning of dropsies etc. Take them as Troches of Wormwood. Throches of Gallia Moschata. Page 133. in the Latin Book. The College] Take of Wood of Aloes five drams: Ambergris, three drachms: Musk, one drachm: with Mucilage of Gum Tragacanth made in Rose water make it into Troches according to art. Culpeper] A. They strengthen the brain and heart, and by consequence both vital and animal spirit, and cause a sweet breath. They are of an extreme price, therefore I pass by the dose. Trochisci Gordonli. Page 133. in the Latin Book. The College] Take of the four greater cold seeds busked, the seeds of white Poppies, Mallows, Cotton, Pierstain, Quinces, Myrtles, Gum 〈◊〉 and Arabic, Fistick Nuts, Pine nuts, Sugar-candy, Penids, Liquoris, French 〈◊〉 arley, 〈◊〉 of Fleawort seeds, sweet Almonds blanched, of 〈◊〉 two drachms: Bole Armenick, Dragon's blood, Spodium, red Roses, 〈◊〉, of each half an ounce: with a sufficient quantity of Hydromel make it into Troches according to art. Culpeper.] A. They are held to be very good in ulcers of the bladder, and all other inward ulcers whatsoever, and case fevers coming thereby, being of a fine cooling, slippery, heating nature. You may mix half a drachm of them with Syrup of Marsh-mallows, or any other Syrup, or Water apropriated to these uses: they ease the pains of the stomach much. They have left out the four lesser cold seeds of each two drachms, and altered some of the quantities of the rest, if you ask them a reason, they can scarce give you a wise one. Trochisci Hedychroi Galen, for Treacle. Page 134. in the Latin Book. The College] Take of Aspalatbus, or yellow Sanders, the leaves of Mastic, the roots of Asarabacca, of each two drachms, Rhupontick, Castus, Calamus Aromaticus, Wood of Aloes, Cinnamon, Squinancth, Opobalsamum or Oil of Nutmegs by expression, of each three drachms: Cassia Lignea, Indian Leaf or Mace, Indian Spicknard, Myrrh, Saffron, of each six drachms: Amomus, or Cardamons the 〈◊〉, an ounce and an half: Mastich a drachm: Canary Wine as much as is sufficient: Let the Myrrh be dissolved in the Wine, then add the Mastic and Saffron well beaten, than the Opobalsamum, than the rest in powder, and with the Wine, make them up into Troches, and dry them gently. Culpeper] A. They are very seldom or never used but in other compositions; yet naturally they heat cold stomaches, help digestion, strengthen the heart and brain. Trochisci Hysterici. Page 134. in the Latin Book. The College] Take of Assafoetida, Galbanum, of each two drachms and an half: Myrrh, two drachms: Castorium a drachm and an half: the roots of Asarabacca and long Birthwort, the Leaves of Savin, Featherfew, Nep, of each a drachm: Dittany half a drachm: with either the juice or decoction of Rue, make into Troches according to art. Culpeper] A. These are applied to the feminine gender; help fits of the mother, expel both birth and afterbirth, cleanse women after labour, and expel the relics of a careless Midwife. Search what other compositions are apropriated to the same purpose; you may find them in the Table at the latter end of the Book; and than you may add half a drachm of this to them. Trochisci de Ligno Aloes. Page 134. in Lat. Book. Or, Troches of Wood of Aloes. The College] Take of Wood of Aloes, red Roses, of each two drachms: Mastich, Cinnamon, Cloves, Indian Spicknard, Nutmegs, Parsnep seed, 〈◊〉 the greater and 〈◊〉, Cubebs, Gallia Moschata, 〈◊〉 〈◊〉, Mace, of each a 〈◊〉 and an half: 〈◊〉, 〈◊〉, of each 〈◊〉 a scruple: with 〈◊〉 of 〈◊〉 make it into Troches. Culpeper.] A. It 〈◊〉 the heart, stomach, and 〈◊〉, takes away 〈◊〉- qualms, faintings, and 〈◊〉 breath, and 〈◊〉 the dropsy. The rich may take half a drachm in the morning. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉. Page 135. in the Latin Book. Or, Troches of Myrrh. The College] Take of Myrrh three drachms: the 〈◊〉 of Lupins five drams: Maddir roots, the leaves of Rue, wild Mints, 〈◊〉 of Crect, Cummin seeds, Assa foetida, Sagapen. Opopanax, of each two drams; Dissolve the Gums in Wine, wherein Mugwort, hath been boiled, or else, * Any tooth, good Barber. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉, then add the rest, and with juice of Mugwort, make it into troches according to art. Culpeper] A. They provoke the terms in women, and that with great ease to such as have them come down with pain. Take a drachm of them beaten into powder, in a spoonful or two of syrup of Mugwort, or any other Composition tending to the same purpose, which the Table at latter end will direct you. Sief de Plumbo. Page 135. in the Latin Book. Or, Sief of Lead. The College] Take of lead burnt and washed, Brass burnt, Antimony Tutty washed, Gum Arabic and Tragacanth, of each an ounce, Opium half a drachm, with Rosewater, make them being beaten and sifted into Troches. Culpeper] A. It fills up and cures ulcers in the eyes. If you put it into them (say authors), but in my opinion 'tis but a scurvy medicine. Trochisci Polyidae Androm. Pag. 135. in Lat. Book. The College] Take of Pomegranate flowers twelve drachms, Roch album three drachms, Erankinsence, Myrrh, of each half an ounce, Chalcanthum two drams, Bulls gall six drachms, Aloes an ounce, with Austere Wine, or juice of Nightshade or Plantain, make them into Troches according to art. Culpeper] A. They are very good they say, being outwardly applied, both in green wounds and ulcers. I fancy them not. Trochisci de Rhabarbaro. Pag. 135. in Lat. Book. Or, Troches of Rhubarb. The College] Take of Rhubarb ten drachms, juice of Maudlin made thick, bitter Almonds, of each half an ounce, red Roses three drachms; the roots of Asarabacca, Maddir, Indian Spicknard, the leaves of Wormwood, the seeds of Annis and Smallage, of each one drachm, with Wine in which Wormwood hath been boiled, make them into Troches according to art. Culpeper] A. They gently cleanse the liver, help the yellow Jaundice and other diseases coming of choler and stoppage of the Liver. You may take a drachm of them every morning, or if you list not to take them alone, beat them into powder, and mix them with white Wine. Trochisci de Santalis. Page 136. in the Latin Book. Or, Troches of Sanders. The College] Take of the three Sanders, of each one ounce, the seeds of Cucumbers, Guords, citruls, Purslain, Spodium, of each half an ounce, red Roses seven drachms, juice of Barberies six drachms, Bowl armenick half an ounce, Camphire one drachm, with Purslain water make it into Troches. Culpeper] A. The virtues are the same with Troches of Spodium, both of them harmless. Trochisci de scylla ad Theriacam. P. 136. in L. Book. Or, Troches of Squills for Treacle. The College] Take a Squill gathered about the beginning of July, of a middle bigness, and the hard part to which the Small roots stick, wrap it up in past, and 〈◊〉 it in an Oven, till the past be dry, and the Squill tender, which you may know by 〈◊〉 it with a wooden sticks or a bodkin, then take it out and 〈◊〉 it in a mortar, adding to every pound of the Squill, eight ounces of white Orobus, or red Citers in powder, then make it into Troches, of the weight of two drachms a piece (your hands being anointed with Oil of Roses;) dry them on the top of the hoùse, opening towards the * Ask the College whether the South part of the world be toward the shadow, or the North: intruth either the world is turned upside down, or they or I, are beside the cushion. South, in the shadow, often turning them till they be well dry, then keep them in a pewter 〈◊〉 glass vessel. Troches of Spodium. Page 136. in the Latin Book. The College] Take of redRoses twelve drachms, Spodium ten drachms, Sorrel seed six crachms, the seeds of Purslain and Coriander, steeped in Vinegar and dried, Pulp of Sumach, of each two drachms and an half, a Maid wind up the Jack. white Starch roasted, Balaustines, Barberries, of each two drachms, Gum Arabic roasted one drachm and an half, with juice of unripe grapes, make it into Troches. Culpeper] A. They are of a fine cooling, binding nature, excellent in fevers coming of choler, especially if they be accompanied with a looseness, they also quench thirst. You may take half a drachm, either by themselves, or in any other convenient medicine. Trochisci de terra Lemnia. Pag. 137. in Lat. Book. Or, Troches of Earth of Lemnos The College] Take of Earth of Lemnos, Bole Armenick, Acacia, Hyposistis, gum Arabic toasted, Dragon's blood, white Starch, red Roses, Rose seeds, Lap. Hematitis, red Coral, Amber, Balaustins, Spodium, Purslain seeds a little toasted, Olibanum, Hartsborn burned, Cypress Nuts, Saffron, of each two drachms, black Poppy seeds, Tragacanth, Pearls, of each one drachm and an half, Opium prepared one drachm, with Juice of Plantain make it into Troches. Culpeper] A. Indeed in external applications, if any inflammation, or fever be, I think it better with Opium than without, else better without than with it. A. It was invented to stop blood in any part of the body, and for it, 'tis excellent: well then, for the bloody flux, take half a drachm of them inwardly (being beaten into powder) in red Wine every morning; for spitting of blood, use it in like manner in Plantain water; for pissing of blood, inject it into the bladder; for bleeding at the nose, either snuff it up, or anoint your forehead with it mixed with oil; for the immoderate flowing of the terms, inject it up the womb with a syringe, but first mix it with Plantain water; for the hemorrhoids or wounds, apply it to the place bleeding. Sief de Thure. Page 137. in the Latin Book. Or, Sief of Frankincense. The College] Take of Frankincense, Lap. 〈◊〉, Pompholix, of each ten drachms Ciruss forty drachms, Gum Arabic, Opium, of each six drachms, with fair water make it into Balls, dry them and keep them for use. Culpeper] A. Sief is a general term which the Arabians give to all medicines apropriated to the eyes, of which this is one, and a good one to dry up rewms there. Trochisci è Violis Solutivi. P. 137. in Lat. Book. Or, Troches of Violets Solutive. The College] Take of Violet flowers meanly dry, six drachms, Turbith one ounce and an half, juice of Liquoris, Scammony, Manna, of each two drachms, with Syrup of Violets make it into Troches. Culpeper] A. They are not worth talking of, much less worth cost, the cost and labour of making. Trochisci de Vipera ad Theriacam. P. 137. in L. B. Or, Troches of Vipers for Treacle. The College] Take of the flesh of Vipers, the skin, entrails, head, sat, and tail being taken away, boiled in water with dill, and a little Salt eight ounces, white bread twice baked, grated and sifted two ounces, make it into Troches, your hands being anointed with Opobalsamum, or Oil of Nutmegs by expression, dry them upon a sieve turned the bottom upwards in an open place, often turning them till they are well dried, then put them in glass, or stone pot glazed, stopped close, they will keep a year, yet is it far better to make Treacle, not long after you have made them. Culpeper.] A. They expel poison, and are excellent good, by a certain Sympathetic virtue, for such as are bitten by an Adder. Trochisci de Agno Casto. Pag. 138. in Lat. Book. Or, Troches of Agnus Castus. The College] Take of the seeds of Agnus Castus, Lettuce, redRose flowers, Balaustins, of each a dram, Ivory, white Amber, Bowl Armenick washed in knot grass water, two drams; Plantain seeds four scruples, Sassafras two scruples, with Mussilage of quince seeds extracted in water of Water lily flowers, let them be made into Troches. Culpeper] A. Very pretty Troches, and good for little. These Troches they have left out, and left to be spoilt in the Apothecary's Shops: it is the wisest way to keep those poor, you would make slaves of. Trochisci Alexiterii. Renodaeus. College TAke of the roots of Gentain, Tormentil, Orris Florentine, Zedoary, of each two drachms; Cinnamon, Cloves, Mace, of each half a dram; Angelica roots three drachms; Coriander seeds prepared, Roses, of each one drachm; dried Citron pills two drachms: beat them all into powder, and with juice of Liquoris softened in Hippocras, six ounces, make them into a soft Past, which you may from into either Troches or small rowls, which you please. Culpeper] A. It preserves and strengthens the heart exceedingly, helps fainting and failings of the vital spirits, resists poison and the pestilence; and is an excellent medicine for such to carry about them whose occasions are to travail in pestilential places and corrupt air, only taking a very small quantity now and then. Troches of Annis seeds. Mesue. The College] Take of Annis seeds, the juice of Maudlin made thick, of each two drachms; the seeds of Dill, Spicknard, Mastic, Indian leaf or Mace, the leaves of Wormwood, Asarabacca, Smallage, bitter Almonds, of each half a drachm: Aloes two dtams; 〈◊〉 of Wormwood so much as is sufficient to make it into Trocbes according to art. Culpeper] A. They open obstructions of the liver, and that very gently, and therefore diseases coming thereof, help quartan agues. You can scarce do amiss in taking them if they please but your palate. Trochisci Diarhodon. Mesue The College] Take of the flowers of red Roses six drachms; Spicknard, wood of Aloes, of each two drachms, Liquoris three drachms; Spodium one drachm; Saffron half a drachm, Mastic two drachms, make them up into Troches with white Wine according to art. Culpepeper A. They wonderfully ease fevers, coming of phlegm, as quotidian fevers, agues, Epialos, etc. pains in the belly. Trochisci de Lacca. Mesue. The College] Take of Gum Lacca cleansed, the juice of Liquoris, 〈◊〉, Wormwod, and Barberries all made thick, Rhubarb, long Birthwort, Costus, Asarabacca, Bitter Almonds, Maddir, Annis, Smalbage, Schoenanth, of each one drachm: With the Decoction of Birth-wort, or Schoenanth, or the juice of Maudlin, or Wormwood, make them into troaches according to art. Culpeper] A. It helps stops of the liver and spleen, and fevers thence coming; it expels wind, purgeth by urine, and resists dropsies. The dose is between half a drachm and a drachm, according to the age and strength of the patient. Pastilli Adronis. Galen. The College] Take of Pomegranate flowers ten drachms: Copper is twelve drachms: 〈◊〉 Galls, Birthwort, Frankincense, of each an ounce; Alum, Myrrh, of each half an ounce: * it may be they mean white Copperis. Misy, two drachms: With eighteen ounces of austere Wine make it into 〈◊〉 according to art. Culpeper] A. This also is apropriated to wounds, ulcers, and fistulas; it clears the ears, and represseth all excressences of flesh, cleanseth the filth of the bones. Trochisci Musae. Galen. The College. Take of Alum, Aloes, Copperis, Myrrh, of each six drachms: Crocomagma, Saffron, of each three drachms: Pomegranate flowers, half an ounce: Wine and Honey of each so much as is sufficient to make it up into troches according to art. Culpeper. A. Their use is the same with the former. Crocomagma of Damocrates. Galen. The College. Take of Saffron, a hundred drams: red Roses, Myrrh, of each fifty drachms; white Starch, a I think they mean Gum Arabic. Gum, of each thirty drachms; Wine so much as is sufficient to make it into troches. Culpeper. A. It is very expulsive, heats and strengthens the heart and stomach. Trochisci Ramich. Mesue. The College. Take of the juice of Sorrel, 〈◊〉 ounces; red Rose Leaves, an ounce; 〈◊〉 berries two ounces: boil them a little together, and strain them: add to the decoction, Galls well beaten, three ounces: boil them again a little, then put in these following things in fine powder: take of red Roses an ounce; yellow Sanders ten drachms; Gum Arabic an ounce and an half; Sumach, Spodium, of each an ounce; Myrtle berries four ounces: wood of Aloes, Cloves, Mace, Nutmegs, of each half an ounce; sour Grapes seven drachms: mix them all together, and let them dry upon a stone, and grind them again into powder, and make them into small troches with one drachm of Camphire, and so much Rose water as is sufficient, and perfume them with fifteen grains of Musk. Culpeper. A. They strengthen the stomach, heart, and liver, as also the bowels, they help the colic, and fluxes of blood, as also bleeding at the nose if you snuff but up the powder of them; disburden the body of salt, fretting, choleric humours. You may carry them about you and take them at your pleasure. Troches of Roses. Mesue. The College] Take of red Roses, half an ounce: wood of Aloes two drachms: Mastich, a drachm and an half: Roman Wormwood, Cinnamon, Indian Spicknard, Cassia Lignea, Schaenanth, of each one drachm: old Wine, and decoction of the five opening Roots, so much as is sufficient to make it into troches according to art. Culpeper] A. They help pains in the stomach and ill digestion, the iliack passion, Hectic fevers, and dropsies in the beginning, and cause a good colour. Use them like the former. Trochisci Diacorrallion. Galen. The College] Take of Bole Armenick, red Coral, of each an ounce: Balaustins, terra Lemnia, white Starch, of each half an ounce: Hypocystis, the seeds of Henbane, Opium, of each two drachms: juice of Plantain so much as is sufficient to make them into troches according to art. Culpeper] A. These also stop blood, help the bloodyflux, stop the terms, and are a great help to such whose stomaches loathe their victuals. I fancy them not. Trochisci Diaspermaton. Galeni. The College] Take of the seeds of Small age, and Bishop's weed, of each an ounce; Annis and Fennel seeds, of each half an ounce: Opium, Cassia Lignea, of each two drachms: with rain Water, make it into troches according to art. Culpeper] A. These also bind, case pain, help the pleurisy. 〈◊〉 Pastilli. Galen. The College] Take of white Starch Balaustins, earth of Samos, juice of Hypocistis, * If it be not Gum Arabic, I know not what it is. Gum, Saffron, Opium, of each two drachms: with juice of Plantain, make them into troches according to art. Culpeper] A. The Operation of this is like the former. Troches of Agrick. The College] Take of choice Agrick three ounces; Sal. Gem. six drachms; Ginger two drachms; with Oxymel Simplex so much as is sufficient, make it into Troches according to art. Culpeper] A. The virtues of both these are the same with Agrick, only it may be more safely given this way than the other; they cleanse the brain of phlegm, and the stomach of tough thick, viscous humois. The dose is one drachm at a time. Of the Use of Oils, etc. BEfore I begin with their Oils, Ointments, and Plasters, give me leave to swerve a little from the Colleges mode, they swerve ten times more from the truth: I would but give a few Rules for the Use of them, and I had as good do it here as any where: and to write but the truth, many City Chyrurgians that I have talked with, are scarce able to give reason for what they do; 'tis to be feared, that those that live in the country far remote, are far less able: to do all these a courtesy, do I candidly deliver these Rules, and let me never be acconnted so basely bred, as to forget those kind Ladies and Gentlewomen that for God's sake help their poor wounded neighbours, the great God reward them with a plentiful increase of estate in this world, and eternal Beatitude in that to come. The chiefest of all these, v Antidotaries, I shall divide into these twelve Chapters, which shall be treated of in this order. Of Medicines. Anodine 1 Repelling 2 Attracting 3 Resolving 4 Emollient 5 Suppuring 6 Cleansing 7 Incarnative 8 Scarifying 9 Glutinative 10 Cathereticks 11 Staunching blood. 12 Chap. 1. Of anodynes. SUch Oils, Ointments, and Plasters, as ease pain are called by Physicians (because you should not know what they mean) anodynes. All pain is caused by heat, or dryness, or both, for moisture seldom, unless heat be joined with it causeth pain. anodynes, also some divide into proper and improper, improper anodynes, (if a man may call them anodynes) they call Narcoticks, for I assure you if crabbed words would cure 〈◊〉, our Physicians would come behind none in the world: the truth is, these words were borrowed from Galen, and are Greek words, and Galen writing in his mother tongue, they were understood well enough there; ours retain the same words, only to blind people's eyes, that so they may not pry into the Mystery of their Monopoly, for then all the fat were in the fire. But to proceed. Proper anodynes are either temperately hot or temperately cold. Hot anodynes are Oil of sweet Almonds, Linseed Oil, Oil of Eggs, Oil of Saint Johns-wort, Hen-grease, Duck's grease, Goose grease, Chamomel, Melilot, Fenugreek seeds, Dill, Bay leaves and berries, Juniper berries, Rosemary, Oils and Ointments made of them; Oil of Earthworms Oil of Elder, Wax, Turpentine, Ointment of Marshmallows, Martiatum, Arregon, Resumptivum, Oxycroceum. If any external part of your body be pained, these, or any of these made into fomentations, to both the part pained, or into pultifses, or Oils, or Ointments by adding Hogs grease, or Plasters, by adding Wax, or Rozin, or both to the Ointment; and applyiug it to the place, ease pain. But if together with the pain there be an inflammation, than anodynes of a cooler nature are more convenient, such be Oil Omphacine, viz. Oil of Olives pressed from them before they be ripe, Poppies, Roses, Violets, Pellitory of the wall, Fleawort: these, or any of these made into Pultisses, Oils, Ointments, or Plasters, Ointment of Roses, Unguantnm Album, Populeon, Refrigerans, Galeni, etc. Improper anodynes, or Narcoticks which you please, are Medicines of another nature, and (you may thank the College of Physicians, for training you up in such ignorance) scarce fit for a vulgar use, till they have learned more skill in Physic than yet they have; yet be pleased to consider, that in taking away pains, three things are to be considered; The cause, the pain, the part pained. To these are medicines apropriated, for some take away the cause, but these belong not to my present scope; others take away the pain, and meddle not with the cause, as those proper anodynes I mentioned before: and some take away neither cause nor pain, but only stupefy the senses, that so it cannot be felt: these are to be used with abundance of skill and discretion, and never but in cases of necessity, when the pain is so vehement that Nature is not able to bear it, or a Fever thereby threatened. Of this Nature, and for this use are Narcoticks. Of these some are Simple; As, Mandrakes, Henbane, Poppies, Opium, Lettuce, Sengreen, Nightshade, Camphire, Hemlock, etc. Compound are, Oils and Ointments of these, Philonium Persicum, Philonium Romanum, Pilulae è Cynoglosso, or Pills of Houndstongue, Pilulae è Styrace; and most Opiates you meet withal in the Dispensatory. Chap. 2. Of Repelling Medicines. BY Repelling, or Repulsive Medicines I mean, either, 1. Such as by a cold quality put back the humour. Or, 2. Such as by binding, strengthen the part afflicted. They are in quality; 1. Hot and binding. 2. Cold and binding. They are divided into Simple, and Compound. Simple Repercussives (which is another term they have) are Mildred, binding. Strong, Hot and Mild Repulsives are, Roses, Endive, Lettuce, Sorrel, Navel-wort, Purslain, Violets, Water-lilies, cold water, Whey, Coriander, Cinkfoyl, Trefoyl, Pellitory of the Wall, Apples, Pears, Whites of Eggs, Horstail, Woodbine. Strong are, Teazles, Shepherd's purse, Plantain, Nightshade, Sengreen, or Housleeks, Melones, Guords, Citruls, Duckmeat, Fleawort, Myrtles, Quinces, Pomegranate rinds and flowers, Sanguis Draconis, Poppy, Opium, Bowl Armenick, Ceruse, Terra Sigillata, Led, burnt and not burnt, Cypress Nuts. Hot and binding Comfry the greater, Wormwood, Centaury, Horchound, Cardamons, Cyperus grass, Calamus 〈◊〉, the 〈◊〉 of 〈◊〉 and of 〈◊〉. Compounds are, The Oils and Ointments of these, Refrigerans, Galen, Unguentum Album, Rhasis, Unguentum 〈◊〉, 〈◊〉 〈◊〉, 〈◊〉 de Siccativum rubrum, Unguentum Pectorale, 〈◊〉. Chap. 3. Of ATTRACTIVES. ATTractives (called by the Greeks, 〈◊〉) are 〈◊〉 to 〈◊〉; for the nature of Repelling, Repulsive, or Repercussive Medicines, is to drive from the Circumference to the Centre, but of Attractives to draw from the Centre to the Circumference. They are all hot in temper, and of thin parts. Attractives draw by 1. Natural Heat. 2. Putrefaction. 3. Hidden Property. 4. Fuga 〈◊〉. 1. Such as draw by Natural heat are, 1. Simple. 2. Compound. Simple are, Onions, Briony, Leeks, Garlick; and now you may know a reason why the cutting of Onions makes your eyes run a water; Birthwort, Spurge, Southernwood, Nettles, 〈◊〉, Gentian, Asphodel, Bdellium, 〈◊〉, Euphorbium, Water-cresses, 〈◊〉, 〈◊〉, Carpobalsamum, Frankincense, 〈◊〉, 〈◊〉, Rosemary flowers, Cabbage; Aqua vitae, Sea water, Ammoniacum, Pitch, Bitumen, Calaminth, Dittany, Mustard, 〈◊〉, Galbanum, Pellitory of Spain, Cantharideses, Crowfoot, etc. Compound are, The Oils and Ointments made of these, Turpentine, Oil of Bricks, Oil of Foxes, Oil of Bays, Oil of Dill, Oil of Rhue, Peter Oil, Oil of Castorium, Oil of St john's wort, Ointment of Arregon Matiatum and Agrippa, Mithridate, and Venus' Treacle applied outwardly, for 〈◊〉, Diachylon magnum, Diachylon cum Gummi, A Plaster of 〈◊〉, both Simple and Compound, 〈◊〉, with many others, which Reading and Diligence (if they be gentlemen of your acquaintance) will help you to, and furnish you with. Such as draw by Putrefaction are, All Turds in general, especially Pigeons and Goat's dung, Leaven, Old Cheese, etc. By hidden Property as they call it, All 〈◊〉 in general, Amber, Viscus Quercinus, or Mislero, Peony, the Loadstone; these they (poor fools, being utterly ignorant of the Sympathy and Antipathy of the Creation, and by consequence of the Magnetic Virtue of things, upon which the Foundation of Physic is built) call them Hidden Qualities, and so give Physic by rote, as a Parrot speaks. I could if I durst tell you of common 〈◊〉 obvious to the eye of every one, that have a far greater Magnetic Virtue in them than the Loadstone; but I must be silent till men learn to be Honester: It is denied me to write all I know. By Fuga Vacui, or driving away Emptiness. It is a most certain truth that nature abhors Vacuum or Emptiness, neither is there such a thing in rerum Naturâ, let Baptista van Helmont speak his pleasure; And this way do Cupping glasses, and Horse Leaches draw; and thus may you draw with a horn. Chap. 4. Of Resolving Medicines. THese the Greeks call Diaphoretica, the Latins, Carminativa, and these are used externally as well as internally; for it is the external use of Medicines we are to speak of in this place. Their Use is, 1. To open the Pores. 2. To make the Humour thin. 3. To Evacuate them by Sweat, which is that they call, Insensible transpiration. They are, 1. Simple. 2. Compound The Simple are, 1. Weak. 2. Strong. Weak are, Savin, Margerum, Rosemary, Origanum, Wormwood, Melilot, Arrach, Spicknard, Chamomel, Dill, Annis, Cummin, Hyssop, Fumitory, Elder, Dwarf Elder, Valerian, Southernwood, Wormwood, 〈◊〉, Rozin, all sorts of Turds, Turpentine, old Cheese, Wine, strong-water. Strong are, Dittany, Leeks, Onions, Garlic, Vinegar, Aqua vitae, 〈◊〉 of Spain, all the hot seeds which you may find ranked in Battalia at the beginning of the Compounds, Cinnamon, Chervil, Nutmegs Pepper, Crowfoot. Coupound are, Oils, Ointments, and all Compositions of the former; Oil of Euphorbium, Ointment of Bays, Diachylon magnum, and cum Gummi, Emplastrum de Cymino, Oxicroceum, Emplastrum de Baccis lauri: Of Melilot, Oyutments of 〈◊〉, Arregon, and Martiatum. Chap. 5. Of Emollients. THe use of Emollients, is to soften hard places, and bring them to their pristine estate, of which we spoke more at large in the Simples. They are, 1. Common. 2. proper. Those are common, whose general operation is to soften hard swellings, and such parts and places of the body, as are hardened by Congralation. They are proper which are apropriated to peculiar humours, and belong to my scope at present; for I intent not a Treatise of Chirurgery, but to givea Candle and a Lantern, to light you through the Oils, Ointments, and Plasters; that you may see what a mist the College being balanced with ignorance, and Sailing by the wind of Authority, hath hitherto wrapped you in, and compassed you round about with: for take this for a general rule, and you (if you have any Ingenuity in you) must needs confess, Ignorance is encroaching, and seeks Authority to back it; But wisdom desires to be public, and is always justified of her children. To proceed, consider that Emollients are more temperate than Attractives, but less temperate than Suppuratives; of which more in the next Chapter. Also take notice that if the tumour be in any principal part of the body, mix your Emollients with Astringents. Emollients are either Simple or Compound. Simple are, Almost, if not altogether, all Marrows, as of a Stag, Dog, Horse, Caìfe, Bear, Man, Hog, Hen, Goose, Duck, Lion, Goat, etc. The College in their Simples rattle you up enough of them, one after another, (I promised then to tell you what they were held to be good for, and now I am as good as my word; and although I am of opinion, that there is a far nearer and 〈◊〉 way to cure diseases than they use, yet this book (if you have but wit enough to be a Physician) this Book I say, if heedfully read and examined, will so furnish you with the vulgar rules, that you may be able to understand, that when God shall enable me to put it forth. A man shall never know any thing of the mysteries of his Creator, till he knows himself: and he shall never know himself, First, Till he hath the honesty freely to impart to others, what God hath freely revealed to him for the public good; Secondly, Till he hath the Discretion to impart every thing in its due season. But to proceed to Simple Emollents where I left) Gum Amoniacum, Bdellium, Opopanax, Galbanum, Turpentine, Rozin, Colophonia, Pitch, the Emollient herbs (you have them in rank and file, at the beginning of the Compounds) Linseed, Fennugreek seed, white Lily roots, Astrach, Figs, Wheat and Barley Meal, Malt, Flower, etc. Compounds are, Oils, Ointments, and Plasters, made of all or any of these, Oil of Lilies, Oil of Chamomel, Oil of Earthworms, Oil of Foxes, Ointment of Marsh-mallows, Resumptivum Diachylon, cum muliis aliis. I shall give a notion or two, and then I have done with this, (you had had them before had I not forgotten them, and now before I go any further let me advise those that intent to reap any benefit by my writings, to take a pen and ink, and note down what ever they find of consequence in them; for I know and they shall find by experience; that once writing of a thing, seats it better in the memory, than a hundred times reading of it.) 1. The grease of all males is hotter, than the grease either of foemales, or Eunuches, as for exampte; the grease of a Bull is hotter by far, than either the grease of a Cow or an Ox. 2. The grease of wild Beasts, is hotter than that of such as are tame or demostical, as the grease of a wild Cat is hotter than that of a house Cat; judge ye the like of Fowls, the grease of a wild Duck, is hotter than that of a tame. A word is enough to the wise. Chap. 6. Of Suppuratives. THe Greeks call these Peptica. the Lattines Maturantia, we had some talk about them amongst the Simples. Their office is by natural heat, to bring the blood and superfluous humours into matter, to help nature so to concoct a superfluous humour, that it may be fit to be cast out, to ripen it as the vulgar proverb is. emplastics are of this nature, which we treated of by themselves in the Simples, and may well be reduced to this head. For, First, Some close the pores of the body, and so natural heat being kept in is increased, as the Sulphurous Vapours being kept in the Cloud turn to real fire, and that is that we call Lightning; So that cortuption of the body being kept in together putrifies, and turns to matter. Of this number (for before we told you what emplastics were in general, now we tell you, what particulars are emplastics, and a little Ingenuity will find out more, by 〈◊〉 the qualities of these) of this number I say, are Mallows, Marshmallows, yolks of Eggs, Turpentine, Honey, Amoniacum, Galbanum, Labdanum, Frankincense, Liquid Styrax. 2. As the former forced nature to do the work, so these help nature in it, the former did it per accidens, these per se, viz. they are friendly to nature, and conspire together with it to bring the Superfluous matter to form, yea to such a form as may be cast out, and the body afflicted may thereby be cased. Such Simples are, Marshmallow roots, white Lily roots (which is the best internal medicine of Gallen Method, which I know for such an use, for you must note, that I chiefly speak of external medicines now) Wheat, and Barley, and malt Flower, 〈◊〉 Fenugreek seed, Brank Ursine, or Bears breech, Figs, Raisins, Currants, Dates etc. As for Compounds, I shall not use any distinction between them, they that do one may happily do both together, there are besides Compounds made of these (let me not forget Oil of Lilies, because I fancy it) Unguentum Basilicon) Diachylon simplex, Diachylon magnum, Diachylon cum Gummi, a Plaster of Mussilages, your own genius, if it be not dull, 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 you with more. Chap. 7. Of Cleansing Medicines. Cleansing medicines are such as by a drawing quality, have power to draw away parulentus excrements (which Chyrurgians call the Sanies of a wound) or mattery quality which ariseth in all wounds after putrefaction, (and then Chyrurgians call them ulcers) from the Centre of the ulcer, to the circumference, you have an 〈◊〉, you would fain cleanse it, for you must make it clean before you can heal it, cleansing medicines were ordained you for hat end. Of these some are, 1. Simples. 2 Compounds. Of Simples some are, 1. Weak. 2. Strong. Weak Simples are, Honey, Sugar, Salt Urine, especially your own Urine, white Wine, these gently cleanse all wounds and [ulcers which is indeed nothing else but a wound putrified, 'tis neither better nor worse.] Strong Simples are, Wormwood, Agrymony, Betony, Smallage, Southernwood, Myrrh, Aloes, Sarcocolla, Turpentine, bitter Almonds, Vert-de-greece, Bullocks gall, Alicampane, Briony, the roots of Aron, or Cooko pintles, Gentìan, Hellebore, Alum, Whey, Birthwort, both long and round. Compounds are. Oils and Ointments of these, and what hath these in them doth more or less cleanse; Oximel, That Plaster which the College like blasphemous wretches call Divine, that Ointment of twelve ingredients which they are not ashamedwithout blushing, to call an Ointment of the Apostles, their consciences are so feared, Unguentum Egiptiacum etc. Chap. 8. Of Incarnatives. THe Greeks call Incarnatives Sarcotica. Their office is to dry, and change the blood that comes to any part into flesh. They must be hot, and but hot in the first degree; because they must be friendly to nature, else they cannot be helpful. They must all be dry, yet so as there must not be a difference in their dryness, for if the ulcer happen in a dry part of the body, the Sarcotick must be very dry, and therefore some of them are drying even to the fourth degree: but if the part of the body where they happen be moist, you must use Incarnatives, (or sarcotics which you please to call them by) that are less drying. According to the degrees of Comparison I shall divide them into, Mean. Stronger. Strongest. Mean are Olibanum, Colophonia, Mastic, Aloes, Barley Meal, malt Flower, Fenugreek seeds; these aught to be applied to moist and delicate bodies. Stronger are, Birthwort both long and round, Orris, meal of Lupins, and Orobus, these aught to be applied to dry bodies, and hollow wounds. Strongest are, Centaury the greater and lesser, burnt Lead, Myrrh, these are apropriated to deep ulcers. Then according as formerly, I shall divide them into Simple and Compound, If you search the Simples you may there find their degree of dryness, and be sure of this, you can lose nothing by diligence and searching, then as the wound or ulcer abounds with moisture, so let your Incarnatives be suitable for dryness. Simple Incarnatives are. Olibanum, Mastich, Aloes, Borax, Colophonia, the meal of Lupins, Barley, Orobus and malt of Fenugreek, Beans, Wheat, and Lentils, both sorts of Birthwort, Myrrh, Sarcolla, 〈◊〉 oil, Betony, Sheephards' purse mouse ear, Saint John's wort Centaury, Sanicle Vervain, Scabious, Burnet Tutty, Gum Arabich and Tragacanth. Compounds are. The compositions of these, Unguentum aurium and Committissae, Plasters of Bettony, 〈◊〉, Emplastrum 〈◊〉, Emplastrum de janua. Chap. 9 Of Cicatrizing Medicines. THese the Greeks call Epilotica, the Latins, Cicatrizantes, and we in English Scarifying medicines, though the greater half of the nation know not what the word [Scarifying] means. Therefore take notice that a Scarifying medicine, is such a medicine as clothes a place again with skin, when the skin is off, and this it doth by a drying and binding quality. Of these some are Simples, some Compounds. Simples are, Galls, Sponge burnt, lethargy, terra Sigillata, or Lemnia, Pomegranate Pills, or Flowers, Aloes, Cassia Lignea, Pompholix, Spodium, Cypress Nuts, 〈◊〉, Frankincense, Led, Bole 〈◊〉, 〈◊〉, Sarcocolla. Compounds are. All mixtures of these, unguentum album, Disiccativum Rubrum, Dia Pompholigos, Emplastrum de Minio, Dia palma, etc. Chap. 10. Of Aglutinative Medicines. THe Greeks call Aglutinative medicines, Symphitica, and that's the reason Comfry is called Symphitum, because of its Glutenous quality. The meaning of the word [Aglutinative] is best known by its use, which is to dry up that humidity, that is between the lips of a wound, that so it may be healed. They are all usually drying in the second degree Aglutinatives Simple are, Mastich, Sarcocolla, Frankincense, Myrrh, Colophonia, Bole Armenick, Dragon's blood, terra Lemnia, Saint Johns-wort, Rosemarry flowers, Knotgrass, Comfry, Marjoram, Gum Tragacanth, Gum of Ivy, Gum Elemni, red Wine, Vervain, Yarrow, wild Tansy, Cranebil, Sanicle, Cobwebs, Horse tail, Sinkfoyl. Compounds are, the Compositions of these, Diapalma Emplastrum de minio. And now by comparing these with the Scarifying medicines, you may see that they are as like, as one egg is like another: and what a multitude of rules Physicians have imposed upon you, that so they might make their way difficult to you. Chap. 11. Of Cathereticks, septics, and Caustics. They all being as near of kin, as a man and his brother, I have put them all together, but before I treat of them, I care not greatly, if I explain their degrees: Therefore take notice that they are all such medicines as have force to corrode the flesh or skin. Of these Cathereticks are meanly strong. septics stronger. Caustics strongest. The mean, if there be any meaness in them, or a more proper term is those which be least violent, for all that are violent are called Catheritica, or Corrosives, by vehement drying these consume the excressences of flesh. They are usually applied to ulcers that have dead flesh in them. They are Simple. Compound. Simple are, Vert-de-greece, Coperas, or Vitriol, Alum, burnt and not burnt, burnt Salt, Antimony, Mercury Sublimate and Precipitate, Emphorbium. Compound are, Unguentum Egiptiacum, and that which the Devil and his Imps attribute to the Apostles, as though they performed their cures by Ointments, and not by the Spirit of God: All Ointments that have the Simples before mentioned in them. The stronger the Greeks call Septica, or Putrifactive Medicines. By their vehement heat they ulcerate the skin and yet with little pain. Such are, Arsenic, Crowfoot, Spurge, Mustardseed, Cantharideses, Euphorbium. Caustics are the strongest, and those the Greeks call Escarotica. These have got a faculty to consume all they come near. Such are, Quicklime, sublimated, Arsenic. Strong be, Lapis infernalis. I shall give you the use of them all in a very few words, as few as can be imagined. The First, Eat away dead flesh. Second, is used to Draw Blisters. Third, Make Issues. Chap. Ult. Of Medicines used to stop Blood. SUch are, Bowl Armenick, terra Sigillata, Dragon's blood, Crocus Martis, Chalk, Eggshells, 〈◊〉, lethargy, Frankincense, Mastic, Aloes, Rozin, white starch, stones of Raisins, Purslain, Housleek or Sengreen, Horstail, the Herb I always mean, so called, not the tail of a Horse; the Herb Mousear, not the ears of a Mouse; Fleawort, white and red Coral, Lapis Hematitis, the Bloodstone, dried blood, Gum Tragacanth, and Arabic, Knotgrass, Cobwebs. I have now done with my Proaemium to the Oils, Ointments, and Plasters: I desire you to excuse me for not following one and the same Author in the Simples, and here; the more you know the variety of Authors, the better Physicians in time you may come to be. Ville suum enique est nec voto vivitur uno, and according to these Rules, so understand the Oils, Ointments, and Plasters following. OILS. SIMPLE OILS BY EXPRESSION. Oil of sweet Almonds. College. TAke of sweet Almonds not corrupted, as many as you will, cast the shells away, and blanche them, beat them in a stone Mortar, heat them in a double Vessel, and press out the Oil without heat. Culpeper.] A. It helps roughness and soreness of the throat and stomach, helps Pleuresies, increaseth seed, easeth coughs, and Hectic fevers; by injection, it helps such whose water 〈◊〉 them; ulcers in the bladder, reins, and matrix. You may either take half an ounce of it by itself, or mix it with half an ounce of Syrup of Violets, and so take a spoonful at a time, still shaking them together when you take them; only take notice of this: If you take it inwardly, let it be new drawn, for it will be sour in three or four days. A. In their new Moddel, they bid you heat them in a double vessel, and then ptess out the Oil without the help of heat; Oh Heavens! did ever the Sun shine upon such ridiculous creatures! who would think a whole College of Physicians should dote so young! Oil of bitter Almonds. The College] It is made like Oil of sweet Almonds, but that you need not blanche them, nor have such a care of heat in pressing out the Oil. Culpeper] A. It opens stops, helps such as are deaf, being dropped into their ears; it helps the hardness of the nerves, and takes away spots in the face. It is seldom or never taken inwardly. Oil of Hazel Nuts. The College] It is made of the Kernels, cleansed, bruised, and heat, and 〈◊〉, like Oil of 〈◊〉 〈◊〉. Culpeper] A. You must put them in a vessel, (viz: a glass, or some such like thing) and stop them close that the water come not to them when you put them into the bath. A. The Oil is good for cold afflictions of the nerves, the gout in the joints etc. The College] So is Oil of Been, Oil of 〈◊〉, and Oil of Mace drawn. Oleum Caryinum. The College] Is prepared of Walnut Kernels, in like manner, save only that in the making of this sometimes is required dried, old, and rank Nuts. Oleum Chrysomelinum. The College] Is prepared in the same manner of Apricocks; so is also Oils of the Kernels of Cherry 〈◊〉, Peaches, Pine-nuts, Fistick nuts, Prunes the seeds of Orienges, Hemp; 〈◊〉 Saffron, 〈◊〉, Cucumbers, Guords, 〈◊〉, Dwarf Elder, Henbane, Lettuce, Flax, Melones, Poppy, Parsly, Rhadishes, Rapes, Ricinum, Sesani, Mustard Seed, and Grape stones. Culpeper] A. Because most of these Oils is out of use, I took not the pains to quote the Virtues of them; if any list to make them, let them look the Simples and there they have them; if the Simples be not to be found in the Book, there are other plentiful Medicines conducing to the cure of all usual diseases which are. Oil of Bays. The College] Take of Bay-berries ripe, and new gathered, being bruised let them be boiled in water, and pressed in a press; then bruise them again, and boil them as before, and take away the Oil that swims at top of the water according to art. It will soon be rank. Culpeper] A. This is different from their former manner of Extraction, and in my opinion worse: Their former manner was thus: The College] Take of Bay berries, fresh and ripe, so many as you please; bruise them sufficiently; then boil them in a sufficient quantity of Water, till the Oil 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 top, which separate from the water and keep for 〈◊〉 〈◊〉. Culpeper] A. It helps the Colic, and is a sovereign remedy for any diseases in any part of the body coming either of wind or cold. For the Colic you may take a few drops inwardly in any Compound apropriated to the Colic: The Table of diseases will direct you, I love to have 〈◊〉 〈◊〉: Negligent people make wooden Physicians. The College] Common Oil of Olives is pressed out of ripe Olives, not out of the stones. Oil of Olives Omphacine, is pressed out of unripe Olives. Oil of Yolks of Eggs. The College] Boyl the Yolks till they be hard, and bruise them with your hands, or with a Pestle and Mortar; heat them in an Earthen vessel glazed until they begin to sroath, stirring them diligently that they burn not; being hot, put them in a linen bag, and sprinkle them with Aromatic Wine, and press out the Oil according to art. Culpeper] A. It is profitable in 〈◊〉, and malignant ulcers, it causeth the hair to grow, it clears the skin, and takes away deformities thereof, viz. Tetters, Ringworms, Morphew, Scabs. I suppose none is so sinple to take it inwardly to clear their skin, nor to anoint their feet to take away the deformity of their face. SIMPLE OILS BY INFUSION, AND DECOCTION. Oil of Roses Omphacine. The College] Take of red Roses before they be ripe bruised in a stone Mortar four ounces, Oil Omphacine one pound; set them in a hot Sun in a glass close stopped, a whole week, shaking them every day; then boil them gently in a bath; press them out, and put in others, use them in like manner; do so the third time, then keep the Oil upon a pound of juice of Roses. Oil of Roses Complete. Is made in the same manner with sweet and ripe Oil often washed, and red Roses fully open, bruised, set in the sun and boiled gently, in a double vessel; only let the third infusion stand in the sun fourly days, then keep the Roses and Oil together. In the same manner is made Oil of Wormwood, of the tops of common Wormwood thrice repeated four ounces, and three pound of ripe Oil, only the last time put in four ounces of the juice of Wormwood, which evaporate away by gentle boiling. Oil of Dill, of the flowers and leaves of Dill four ounces, complete Oil one pound, thrice repeated. Oil of Castoreum, of one ounce of Castoreum, Oil one pound, Wine four ounces, which must be consumed with the heat of a bath. Oil of Chamomel (which more than one call Holy) of complete Oil, and fresh Chamomel flowers, the little white leaves taken away, cut, bruised, and the vessel covered with a thin linen Cloth, set in the Sun, pressed out, and three times repeated. Oil of Wall flowers as Oil of Dill. Oil of Quinces of six parts, of Oil omphacine, the meat and juice of Quinces one part: set them in the Sun fifteen days in a glass, and afterwards boil them four hours in a double vessel press them out and renew them three times. Oil of Alicampane, of ripe Oil and the roots of Alicampane bruised, and their juice, of each one part, and of generose Wine half a part, which is to be evaporated away. Oil of Euphorbium, of six drachms of Euphorbium, Oil of Walflowers, and sweet Wine, of each five ounces boiling it in a double vessel till the Wine be consumed. Oil of Ants, of winged Ants infused in four times their weight of sweet Oil, set in the sun in a glass forty days, and then strained out. Oil, or Balsam of St. John's wort simple is made of the Oil of the seeds beaten and pressed, and the flowers being added, and rightly set in the sun. Oil of Jesmine is made of the flowers of Jesmine, put in clear Oil and set in the sun, and afterward pressed out. Oil of of Orris made of the roats of Orris Florentine one pound, purple Orris flowers half a pound; boil them in a double vessel in a sufficient quantity of Decoction of Orris Florentine, and six pound of sweet oil, putting fresh roots and flowers again and again, the former being cast away as in oil of Roses. Oil of Earthworms is made of half a pound of Earthworms washed in white Wine, ripe oil two pound, boiled in a double vessel, with eight ounces of good white Wine till the wine be consumed. Oil of Marjoram is made with four ounces of the Herb a little bruised, white Wine six ounces, ripe oil one pound; mixed together, let them be set in the sun repeated three times; at last boiled to the consumption of the Wine. Oil of Mastic, is made of oil of Roses omphacine one pound, Mastic three ounces, Wine four ounces; boil them in a double vessel to the consumption of the Wine. Oil of Melilot is made with the tops of the Herb like oil of Chamomel. Oil of Mints is made of the Herb and oil omphacine 〈◊〉 oil of Roses. Oil of Myrtles is made of Myrtle berries bruised and sprinkled with austere wine one part, oil omphacine three parts, set in the Sun twenty four days, and in the interim thrice renewed, boiled and the berries pressed out. Oil of Daffodils is made as oil of Roses. Nard oil is made of three ounces of Spicknard, sweet oil one pound and an half, sweet white wine and clear water, of each two ounces and an half, boiled to the consumption of the moisture. Oil of water Lilies is made of fresh white water lily flowers, one part, oil omphacine three parts, repeating the flowers as in oil of Roses. Oil of Tobacco is made of the juice of Tobacco and common oil, of each equal parts boiled in a bath. Oil of Poppies is made of the flowers, heads and leaves of Garden Poppies, and oil amphacine, as oil of Dill. Oil of Poplars is made of the buds of Poplar tree three parts, rich white wine four parts, sweet oil seven parts, first let the buds be bruised, then infused in the Wine and Oil seven days, than boiled, then pressed out. Oil of Rue is made, of the herbs bruised and ripe Oil, like Oil of Roses. Oil of Savin is made in the same manner. So also is Oil of Elder flowers made. Oil of Scorpions, is made of thirty live Scorpions, caught when the Sun is in the Lion, Oil of bitter Almonds two pound, let them be set in the Sun, and after forty days strained. Oleum Cicyonium, is made of wild cucumber roots, and their 〈◊〉, of each equal parts, with twice as much ripe Oil boil it to the consumption of the juice. Oil of Nightshade, is made of the berries of Nightshade ripe, and one part boiled in ripe Oil, or Oil of Roses three parts. Oil of Styrax, is made of Styrax and sweet white Wine, of each one part, Ripe Oil four parts gently boiled, till the Wine be consumed. Oil of Violets, is made of Oil Omphacine, and Violet flowers, as Oil of Roses. Oil of Vervain is made of the herb and Oil, as Oil of Mints. Culpeper] A. That most of these Oils if not all of them, are used only externally, is certain; and as certain that they retain the virtues of the Simples whereof they are made; therefore the ingenious might help themselves. But because we live in a frigid age, I shall vouchsafe to quote the Virtues of the chiefest of them. A. Oil of Roses (the stomach being anointed with it) strengthens it, cools the heat of it, thickens, takes away inflammations, abates swellings. A. Oil of Wormwood doth moderately heat and strengthen the stomach, being anointed with it; it procures appetite, opens obstructions, furthers digestion, and kills worms. A. Oil of Dill doth moderately digest, assuage the pains of the head and nerves, and procures sleep. A. Oil of Castorium helps cold diseases of the nerves, deafness being dropped into the ears, and noise there. A. Oil of Cham omel strengthens the sinews, greatly assuageth pain, and breaks the stone. A. Oil of Meliot hath the same effects. A. Oil of Walflowers assuageth pains in the breast and reins, sinews, joints, and bladder. A. Oil of Quinces, cools, binds, and strengthens, stops vomiting, looseness and sweeting. A. Oil of Euphorbium hath the same effects with that of Castorium, but works more forcibly; being snuffed up the nose, it purgeth the head of phlegm. A. Oil of Emmats, the privities being anointed with it, provokes lust. A. Oil of Saint Johns-wort, is as good a thing in green wounds as a man can use. A. Oil of Orris, doth concoct and dissolve, assuage pain of the womb, liver, and joints; also it strengthens the breast. A. Oil of Earthworms mollify heat, and assuage pains, and is special good for such as have been bruised or hurt in their joints. A. Oil of Marjoram, helps weariness, cold diseases of the brain, noise in the ears being dropped into them, the bitings of venomous beasts, and provokes the terms in women. A. Oil of Mastic, strengthens the brain, stomach, and liver, sinews, and veins, stays vomiting, and fluxes. A. The stomach being anointed with Oil of Mints, stays the weakness, heats and strengthens it, stays vomiting, helps digestion and provokes appetite. A. Oil of Myrtles hath the same effects with Quinces. A. Oil of Myrrh preserves any thing from putrifying that is anointed with it, makes the face fair and, youthful. A. Nard Oil doth heat, digest, and strengthen, resists all cold and windy diseases throughout the body. A. Oil of Water Lilies cools and assuageth the violent heat, especially of the head, reins and bladder, thereby mitigating frenzies, procuring sleep, and is a good preservative against the stone, and help such women (their backs being anointed with it) as are subject to miscarry through heat of their reins, which they may easily know by continual pain in their backs, and swelling of their legs. Also Oil of poppies have the same virtue. A. Oil of Rue, heats, and makes thin gross humours, expelleth wind, helps palsies, cramps, coldness of the womb and bladder. A. Oil of Violets cools inflammations, easeth the Pleurisy, and pains of the breast. A. Oil of Nightshade hath the same effects with that of water Lilies. A. Then remember that these Oils must not be given inwardly as men take drink, but outwardly applied or cast in as injections or Clysters. One material Oil only, which was in their last Dispensatory; which is, Oil of Myrrh, which is thus made. Take certain new-laid Eggs, and boil them till they be hard, then cut them through the middle, the longest way; take out the yolks, and fill the hollow place half full of Myrrh; then join the whites together again and bind them gently with a string, then place them between two dishes, a small grate being between that they fall not to the bottom; then place them in a Wine-Celler, or some other cool place under the ground, so will the melted Liquor of the Myrrh distil down into the inferior dish. COMPOUND OILS BY INFUSION AND DECOCTION. Oleum Benedictum. Page 146. in the Latin Book. Or, blessed Oil. College] TAke of the roots of Cardus and Valerian of each one ounce, the flowers of Saint John's wort two ounces, Wheat one ounce and an half, old Oil four ounces, Cypress, Turpentine eight ounces, Frankincense in powder two ounces, infuse the roots and flowers being bruised, in so much white Wine as is sufficient to cover them, after two day's infusion, put in the Oil with the Wheat bruised, boil them together till the Wine be consumed, then press it out, and add the Frankincense, and Turpentine, then boil them a little and keep it. Culpeper] A. It is apropriated to cleanse and consolidate wounds especially in the head. Oleum de Capparibus. Page 145. in the Latin Book. Or, Oil of Cappers. The College] Take of the bark of Capper roots an ounce, bark of 〈◊〉, the leaves of the same, the seeds of Agnus Castus, Cetrach, or Spleenwort, Cyperus roots, of each two drachms; Rue one drachm, Oil of ripe Olives one pound, white Wine Vinegar, and white Wine, of each two ounces, cut them and sleep them, and boil them (two days being elapsed) gently in a bath, than the Wine and Vinegar, being consumed, strain it, and keep it. Culpeper] A. The Oil is opening, and heating, absolutely apropriated to the spleen, hardness and pains thereof, and diseases coming of stops there, as hypocondriac melancholy, the rickets etc. Bath the breast and afflicted side with it hot by the fire, and if you please to add its like weight of ointment of the opening juices to it, it will be the better, then if you apply a Virginia Tobacco leaf to the place, you shall find it an incomparable remedy. Oil of Castorium compound. P. 146. in Latin book. The College] Take of Castorium, Styrax Calamitis, Galbanum, Euphorbium, Opopanax, Cassia Lignea, Saffron, Carpobalsamum or Cubebs, Spicknard, Costus, of each two drachms; Cyperus, Squinanth, Pepper long and black, Savin Pelletory of Spain, of each two drachms and an half; ripe Oil four pound, Spanish Wine two pound, the five first excepted, let the rest be prepared as they ought to be, and gently boiled in the Oil and Wine, while the Wine be consumed, mean season the Galbanum, Opopanax, and Euphorbium beaten in fine powder, being dissolved in part of the Wine, and strained, let them be tightly mixed with it (while the Oil is warm) by often stirring, the boiling being finished put in the Styrax and Castorium. Culpeper] A. The virtues are the same with the Simple, only it is held to be more effectual in the premises. Oleum Catellorium. Page 146. in the Latin Book. Or, Oil of Whelps. The College] Take of Salad Oil four pound, two Puppy Dogs newly whelped, Earth worms washed in white Wine one pound, boil the 〈◊〉 till they fall in pieces, then put in the worms, a while after strain it, then with three ounces of Cypress Turpentine, and one ounce of Spirit of Wine, perfect the Oil according to art. Culpeper] A. It is excellent good to bathe those limbs and muscles, that have been weakened by wounds or bruises. Oleum Costinum. Page 146. in the Latin Book. The College] Take of the roots of bitter Costus, two ounces; Cassia Lignea one ounce, the tops of Marjorum eight ounces, being bruised, steep them two days in twelve ounces of sweet white Wine; then with three pound of Salad Oil washed in white Wine boil it in Balneo mariae till the Wine be consumed. Culpeper.] A. It heats, opens obstructions, strengthens the nerves, and all nervous parts, as muscles, tendons, ligaments, the ventricle; besides these, it strengthens the liver, it keeps the hairs from turning grey, and gives a good colour to the body. I pray you take notice that this and the following Oils, (till I give you warning to the contrary) are not made to eat. Oleum Crocinum. Pag. 146. in the Lat. Book. Or, Oil of Saffron. The College] Take of Saffron, Calamus Aromaticus, of each one ounce; Myrrh half on ounce, Cardamons nine drachms, steep them six days, (the Cardamons excepted, which are not to be put in till the last day,) in nine ounces of Vinegar, the day after put in a pound and an half of washed Oil, boil it gently according to art, till the Vinegar be consumed, then strain it. Culpeper] A. It helps pains in the nerves, and strengthens them, mollifies their hardness, helps pains in the matrix and causeth a good colour. Oil of Euphorbium. Page 147. in the Latin Book. The College] Take of Stavesacre, Sopewort, of each half an ounce; Pellitory of Spain six drachms; dried Mountain Calaminth one ounce and an half, Costus two drachms, Castorium five drachms, being bruised, let them be three days steeped in three pound and an half of vine; boil them with a pound and an half of Oil of Wall flowers, adding half an ounce of Euphorbium, before the wine be quite consumed, and so boil it according to art. Culpeper] A. It hath the same yertue, only something more effectual than the Simple. Oleum Excestrense. Page 147 in the Latin Book. Or, Oil of Exeter. The College] Take of the leaves of Wormwood, Centaury the less, Eupitorium, Fennel, 〈◊〉, Bays Marjo am, Bawm, Nep, pennyroyal, Savin, Sage, Time, of each four ounces; Southernwood, Bettony, Chamepilies, Lavender, of each six ounces; Rosemary one pound, the flowers of Chamomel, Broom, white 〈◊〉, Elders, the seeds of Cummin, and Fenugreek the roots of Hellebore black and white, the bark of Ash and Lemmons, of each four ounces; Euphorbium, Mustard, Castorium, Pellitory of Spain, of each an ounce: Oil sixteen pound, Wine three pound, the herbs, flowers, seeds, and Euphorbium being bruised, the roots, Barks, and Castorium cut, all of them infused twelve hours in the Wine and Oil, in a warm bath, than boiled with a gentle fire, to the consumption of the Wine and moisture, strain the Oil and keep it. Culpeper] A. Many people by catching bruises when they are young, come to feel it when they are old: others by catching cold, catch a lameness in their limbs; to both which I commend this Sovereign Oil to bathe their grieved members with. Oleum Hirundinum. Page 148. in the Latin Book. Or, Oil of Swallows. The College] Take of whole Swallows sixteen, Chamomel, Rue, 〈◊〉 the greater and lesser, Bay leaves, Penyroyal, Dill, Hyssop, Rosemary, Sage, Saint Johns-wort, Costmary, of each one handful; Common Oil four pound, Spanish Wine one pound, make it up according to art. Culpeper] A. 〈◊〉 if instead of Oil you will put so much May Butter to it as here is appointed Oil, and boil it with the foregoing Simples, then will it have both the name and consistence of an Ointment. A. Both this and the former are apropriated to old brulses and pains thereof coming, as also to sprains. If you please you may mix them together. Oleum Hyperici Compositum. Pag. 148 in Lat. Book. Or, Oil of Saint John's wort Compound. The College] Take of the tops of Saint Johns-wort four ounces, steep them three whole days in a pound of old Salad Oil, in the heat either of a bath, or of the Sun, then press them out, repeat the infusion the second, or third time, then boil them, till the Wine be almost consumed press them out; and by adding three ounces of Turpentine, and one scruple of Saffron, boil it a little and keev it. Culpeper] A. See the Simple Oil of Saint Johns-wort, than which this is stronger. Oleum Hyperici magis Compositum. P. 148. in Lat. B. Or, Oil of Saint John's wort more Compound The College] Take of white Wine three pound, tops of Saint Johns-wort ripe and gently bruised, four handfuls, steep them two days in a glass close stopped, boil them in a bath, and strain them strongly, repeat the infusion three times, having strained it the third time, and to every pound of decoction, old Oil four pound, Turpentine six ounces, Oil of Wormwood three ounces, Dittany, Gentian, Cardus, Tormentil, Carline, or Cardus Maria, Calamus Aromaticus, all of them bruised, of each two drachms, Earth worms often washed in white Wine two ounces, set it in the Sun five or six weeks, then keep it close stopped. Culpeper A. Besides the virtues of the simple Oil of St. Johns-wort, which this performs more effectually, it is an excellent remedy for old bruises, aches and sprains. Oleum Irinum. Page 149. in in the Latin Book. Or, Oil of Orris. The College] Take of the roots of Orris Florentine, three pound four ounces, the flowers of Purple Orris, fifteen ounces, Cyperus roots six ounces, of Alicampane three ounces, of Alkanet two ounces, Cinnamon, Spicknard, Benjamin, of each one ounce, let all of them being bruised as they ought to be, be 〈◊〉 in the Sun, or other hot place, in fifteen pound of old Oil, and four pound and an half of clear water, after the fourth day, boil them in Balneo Mariae, the water being consumed, when it is cold strain it and keep it. Culpeper] The effects are the same with the Simple, only 'tis stronger, and better composed here than it was in their former Dispensatory, yet I know no great reason why this, or any other Oil must be boiled in a bath. I see the Apothecaries shall never want ignorance nor trouble, if the College can help it. Oleum Majoranae. Page 149. in the Latin Book. Or, Oil of Margerum. The College] Take of Marjoram four handfuls mother of Time two handfuls, the leaves and berries of Myrtles one handful, Southernwood, water Mints, of each half an handful, being cut, bruised, and put in a glass, three pound of Oil Omphacine being put to it, let it stand eight days in the Sun, or in a bath, close stopped, then strain it out, in the Oil put in fresh Simples, do so the third time, the Oil may be perfected according to art. Culpeper] A. It helps weariness and diseases of of the brain and nerves, coming of cold; it helps the dead palsy, the back (viz. the region along the back bone) being anointed with it; being snuffed up in the nose, it helps Spasmus Cynicus, which is a wrying the mouth aside, it helps noise in the ears being dropped into them; it provokes the terms, and helps the bitings of venomous beasts, it is a most gallant Oil to strengthen the body, the back being anointed with it; strengthens the muscles, they being chafed with it; it helps headache the forehead being rubbed with it. Oleum Mandragorae. Page 149. in the Latin Book. Or, Oil of Mandragues. The College] Take of common Oil two pound, Juice of Mandrake apples, or for want of them, of the leaves, four ounces, Juice of white Henbane two ounces, Juice of black Poppy heads three ounces, Juice of Violets, and tender Hemlock, of each one ounce; Set them all in the Sun, and after the tenth day, boil them to the consumption of the Juice, then put in Opium finely beaten, and Styrax Calamitis dissolved in a little Turpentine, of each half an ounce. Culpeper. A. It is probable the Author studied to invent an Oil extremely cold, when he invented this. I am of opinion it may be used safely no way but only to anoint the temples and noses of such as have a frenzy. If by using this Ointment you see they sleep too long, dip a sponge in Vinegar, and hold to their noses, it may be a means to awake them. It is scarce safe, yet if you let it alone, it cannot do you harm. Moschelaeum. Page 149. in the Latin Book. Or, Oil of Musk. The College] Take two Nutmegs, Musk one drachm, Indian leaf or Mace, Spicknard, Costus, Mastich of each six drachms, Styrax-Calamitis, 〈◊〉 Lignea, Myrrh, Saffron, Cinnamon, Cloves, Carpobalsamum, or Cubebs, Bdellium, of each two drachms, pure Oil three pound, Wine three ounces, bruise them as you ought to do, mix them and let them boil easily, 〈◊〉 the Wine be consumed, the Musk being mixed according to art after it is strained. Culpeper.] A. It is exceeding good against all diseases of cold, especially those of the stomach, it helps diseases of the sides they being anointed with it, the stranguary, colic, and vices of the nerves, and afflictions of the reins. A. The Receipt was made by Nicholaus Alexandrinus, only the College something altered the quantities and that not worth speaking of. Oleum Nardinum. Page 150. in the Latin Book. Or, Oil of Nard. The College] Take of Spicknard three ounces, Marjoram two ounces, wood of Aloes, Calamus Aromaticus, Alicampane, Cyperus, Bay leaves, Indian leaf or Mace, Squinanth, Cardamons, of each one ounce and an half, bruise them all grossly, & steep them in water, and Wine, of each fourteen ounces, Oil of Sesamin, or Oil of Olives four pound and an half, for one day, then perfect the Oil, by boiling it gently in a double Vessel. Culpeper] A. I wonder why they should put in Oil of Sesamum, or Oil of Olives; when every body knows Sesamum is a kind of purging pulse, but purge or bind, it is all one to them it seems; So Authors say it. Will that answer serve the turn before the Lord God Almighty another day? I left out Oil of Sesamum in the copy because of that, and if it be made as I have written it, It heats, attenuates, digests, and moderately binds, and therefore helps all cold and windy afflictions of the brain, stomach, reins, spleen, liver, bladder, and womb, being snuffed up the nose it purgeth the head, and gives a good colour and smell to the body. Oleum Nicodemi. Page 150. in the Latin Book. The College] Take of the seeds or tops of Saint John's wort, old Turpentine, of each one pound, Litharge six drachms, Aloes, Hepatick, Tutty, of each three drachms; Saffron one ounce, white Wine four pound, old Oil two pound; The fourth part of the Wine being consumed in a bath, or sand, or in the Sun, in the Dog days, after the tenth day strain it, and keep the Oil apart from the Wine. Culpeper] A. Both Wine and Oil are exceeding drying, (that the Wine is more cleansing, and the Oil best to skin a sore, your genius (though never so dull) will tell you) and therefore excellent for sores and ulcers that run much, as for scabs, itch, small pocks, swine pocks etc. Oleum Vulpinum. Page 150. in the Latin Book. Or, Oil of Foxes. The College] Take a fat Fox, of a middle age * That was well put in, therefore when you have caught a Fox, bring him alive to the College, and let them look in his mouth first and tell you how old he is, so shall your Oil be cum 〈◊〉. (if you can get such an one) caught by hunting, about Autumn cut in pieces, the skin, and bowels taken away, the bones broken, boil him (scumming it diligently) in white Wine, and spring water, of each six pound, till half be consumed, with three ounces of Sea salt, the tops of Dill, Time, and Chamepitys, of each one handful, after straining hoyl it again with four pound of old Oil, the flowers of Sage and Rosemary, of each one handful, the Water being consumed, strain it again, and keep the pure Oil for use. Culpeper] A. It is exceeding good in pains of the joints, gouts, pains in the back and reins, it heats the body being afflicted by cold, and hard lodging in the airs, whereby the joints are stiff, a disease incident to many in these times. Oils left out in the new Dispensatory. Culpeper. THe Receipt is before; the virtues of Oil of Tobacco is, A. It is a gallant remedy for deep wounds, scabs or itch, as any is under the Cope of Heaven, and no way prejudicial: See the Ointment. Oil of Pepper. Mesue. The College.] Take of long, black, and white Pepper, of each three drachms; Myrobalans, Chebul, Bellerick, Emblick, and Indian, of each five drachms: the roots of Smallage and Fennel, of each three drachms and an half; Sagapenum, Opopanax, Ammoniacum, white Henbane, of each two drachms and an half; Turbith two drachms; Ginger three drachms; the branches of green Time and green Rue, of each one handful: infuse them according to art, in a sufficient quantity of Aqua vitae, Oil of Walflowers otherwise called Winter Gillyflowers two pound: then boil them to the consumption of the Aqua vitae. Culpeper] A It helps cold diseases of the nerves, as Palsies, falling sickness, convulsions, wry-mouths, trembling or shaking palsy, likewise cold afflictions of the reins, and bladder, yard and womb, gouts and all diseases of the joints, it 〈◊〉, makes thin, and cleanseth, and therefore it opens obstructions or stops, and breaks the stone. Oleum Populeum. Nich. The College] Take of fresh Poplar buds three pound; Wine four pound; common Oil seven pound two ounces; beat the Poplar buds very well, then steep them seven days in the Oil and Wine, then boil them in a double vessel till the Wine be consumed (if you infuse fresh buds once or twice before you boil it, the medicine will be the stronger) then press out the Oil and keep it. Culpeper.] A. It is a fine cool Oil, but the Ointment called by that name which follows hereafter is far better. OINTMENTS MORE SIMPLE. Unguentum Album. Page 153. in the Latin Book. Or, white Ointment. The College] TAke of Oil of Roses nine ounces, Ceruse washed in Rose-water, and diligently sersed, three ounces, white Wax two ounces, after the Wax is melted in the Oil, put in the Ceruse, and make it into an Ointment according to art, add two drachms of Camphire, made into powder with a few drops of Oil of sweet Almonds, so will it be camphorated, Culpeper] A. Some hold it impossible to make it into an Ointment this way: others hold it not convenient, but instead of Oil of Roses they add so much Hog's grease; and leaving out the white Wax they make it into an Ointment without the help of the fire, but 'tis to be supposed, that 'tis so long ago since the College made an Ointment, they have forgot how to make it, but they are not to be blamed for that, but for commanding in what they have no skill in, they must go teach how to make Ointments when they have no more skill in it, than a hobby horse. A. It is a fine cooling drying Ointment, easeth pains, and itching in wounds and ulcers, and is an hundred times better with Camphire than without it. Unguentum Egyptiacum. Page 153. in the Latin B. The College] Take of Vert-de-grease finely powdered, five parts, Honey fourteen parts, sharp Vinegar seven parts, boil them to a just thickness, and a reddish colour. Culpeper. A. It cleanseth filthy ulcers and fistulas forcibly, and not without pain; it takes away dead and proud flesh, and dries: The Chyrurgians of our days use it commonly instead of Apostalorum, to cleanse wounds, it cleanseth more potently indeed, and therefore may be fitter in sanious ulcers, but it strengthens not so much. Unguentum Anodynum. Page 153. in Lat. Book. Or, an Ountment to ease pain. The College] Take of Oil of white Lilies, six ounces, Oil of Dill and Chamomel, of each two ounces, Oil of sweet Almonds one ounce; Ducks grease and Hen's grease, of each two ounces, white Wax three ounces: mix them according to art. Culpeper] A. I take the Augustan Physicians to be the Authors of this, for there it is to be found verbatim, only they prescribe no certain quantity of Wax: Its use is to assuage pains in any part of the body, especially such as come by inflammations, whether in wounds, or tumours, and for that it is admirable. Unguentum ex Apio. Page 153. in the Latin Book. Or, Ointment of Smallage. The College] Take of the Juice of Smallage one pound, Honey nine ounces, 〈◊〉 heat flower three ounces, boil them to a just thickness. Culpeper] A. It is a very fine, and very gentle cleanser of wounds and ulcers. Lineament of Gum Elemi. The College] Take of Gum Elemi, Turpentine of the fir tree, of each one ounce and an half; old Sheep's Suet cleansed two ounces; old 〈◊〉 grease cleansed one ounce, mix them, and make them into an Ointment according to art. Culpeper] A. Although our Chyrurgians usually use this only for wounds and ulcers in the head, yet he that makes trial shall find it excellent for ulcers, if not too sanious, in any part of the body, though in the feet, and they are at the greatest distance from the head; it gently cleanseth, and 〈◊〉 up an ulcer with flesh, it being of a mild nature and friendly to the body. Unguentum Aureum. Page 154. in Lat. Book. The College] Take of yellow Wax half a pound common Oil two pound, Turpentine two ounces pine-Rosin, Colophonia, of each one ounce and an half, Frankincense, Mastic, of each one ounce; Saffron one drachm; first melt the Wax in the Oil, than the Turpentine being added, let them boil together, having done boiling, put in the rest in fine powder (let the Saffron be the last) and by diligent stirring, make them into an Ointment according to art. Culpeper] A. If you remember, the College commends this Ointment to engender flesh in the beginning of the Compounds, and indeed it doth so; but if you please to takecounsel of Dr. EXPERIENCE, he will tell you that the former is worth two of this for that use. Basilicon the greater. Page 154. in the Latin Book. The College] Take of white Wax, pine Rosin, Heifers Suet, Greek Pitch, Turpentine, Olibanum, Myrrh, of each one ounce; Oil five ounces, Powder, the Olibanum and Myrrh, and the rest being melted, make it into an Ointment according to art. Basilicon the less. Page 154. in the Latin Book. The College] Take of yellow Wax, fat Rosin, Greek Pitch, of each half a pound; Oil nine ounces; mix them together, by melting them according to art. Culpeper] A. Both this and the former, heat, moisten and digest, procure matter in wounds, I mean, bring the filth or corrupted blood from green wounds; they cleanse and ease pain. Ointment of Bdellium. P. 154 in the Latin Book. The College] Take of Bdellium, six drachms; Euphorbium, Sagapen. of each four drachms; Castorium three drachms; Wax fifteen drachms, Oil of Elder or Walflowers, ten drachms, the Bdellium, and Sagapen. being dissolved in Water of wild Rue, let the rest be united by the heat of a hath. Culpeper] A. And why in a bath? the College have a brave time of it, to appoint what they list, it being sense, or no sense, they are not to give a reason of it. A. I confess Mesue appoints it to be made up in the same manner: I do not well kdow whether it be possible or not; if not, it may be done with the Oil, but 'tis ordinary with the College, to appoint impossible things. Unguentum de Calce. Page 155. in the Latin Book. Or, Ointment of Chalk. The College] Take of Chalk washed seven times at least, half a pound, Wax three ounces, Oil of Roses one pound, stir them all together diligently, in a leaden mortar, the Wax being first melted by a gentle fire in a sufficient quantity of the prescribed Oil. Culpeper. A. It is exceeding good in burnings, and scaldings. Unguentum Dialthaeae. Page 155. in Lat. Book. Or, Ointment of Marshmallows The College] Take of common Oil four pound; Mussilage of Marshmallow roots, Linseeds, and Fenugreek seeds two pound; boil them together till the watery part of the Mussilage be consumed, then add Wax half a pound, Rozin three ounces, Turpentine an ounce, boil them to the consistence of an Ointment, but let the Mussilage be prepared of a pound of fresh roots bruised, and half a pound of each of the Seeds steeped, and boiled in eight pound of spring Water and then pressed out. See the Compound. Unguentum Diapompholygos. Pag. 155. in Lat. Book. The College] Take of Oil of Nightshade sixteen ounces, white Wax; washed Ceruse, of each four drachms, Led burnt and washed, Pompholix prepared, of each two ounces, pure Frankincense one ounce, bring them into the form of an Ointment according to art. Culpeper] A. This much differing from the former, you shall have that inserted at latter end, and then you may use which you please. Unguentum Enulatum. Page 155. in Lat. Book. Or, Ointment of Alicampane. The College] Take of Alicampane roots boiled in Vinegar, bruised and pulped one pound, Turpentine washed in their decoction, new Wax, of each two ounces, old Hog's grease salted ten ounces, old Oil four ounces, common Salt one ounce, add the Turpentine, to the grease, Wax, and Oil, being melted, as also the pulp, and Salt being finely powdered, and so make it into an Ointment according to art. Unguentum Enulatum cum mercurio. P. 156. in L. B. Or, Ointment of Alicampane with Quicksilver. The College] Is made of the former Ointment, by adding two ounces of Quicksilver, killed by continual stirring (not only with spital, or juice of Lemons, but with all the Turpentine kept for that intent, and part of the grease, in a stone mortar. Culpeper] A. My opinion of this Ointment is (briefly) this, It was invented for the Itch; without Quick silver it will do no good, with Quick silver it may do harm. Unguentum Laurinum common. P. 156. in Lat. B. Or, Ointment of Bayss common. The College] Take of Bay leaves bruised; one pound; Bay berries bruised, half a pound, Cabbage leaves four ounces, Neats-foot Oil five pound, Bullocks Suet two pound, boil them together, and strain them that so it may be made into an Ointment according to art. Culpeper] A. Let the leaves and berries being bruised and boiled with the Oil and Suet till their Juice be consumed, let it be strained and kept. A. It heats and expels wind, is profitable for old aches, and sprains, but what good it should do to the itch (for which simple people buy it,) I cannot imagine. Unguentum de miniosive rubrum Camphora. P. 156. Or, Ointment of red Lead The College] Take of Oil of Roses, one pound and an half; red Led three ounces, Litharge two ouncés, Ceruse one ounce and an half, Tutty three drachms, Camphire two drachms, Wax one ounce and and half, make it into an Ointment according to art, in a Pestle and mortar made of Lead. Culpeper] A. This Ointment is as drying as a man shall usually read of one, and withal cooling, therefore good for sores, and such as are troubled with defluxions. I remember once Dr. Alexander Read applied it to my Mother's breast when she had a Cancer, before it broke long time, but to as much purpose as though he had applied a rotten Apple; yet in the foregoing infirmities I believe it seldom fails: they have something altered the quantities, but not worth speaking off; first melt the Wax in the Oil, then put in the rest in powder. Unguentum è Nicotiona, seu Peto. P. 156. in Lat. B. Or, Ointment of Tobbacco. The College] Take of Tobacco leaves bruised, two pound, steap them a whole night in red wine, in the morning boil it in fresh Hog's grease, diligently washed, one pound, till the Wine be consumed, strain it, and add half a pound of Juice of Tobacco, Rosin four ounces, 〈◊〉 to the consumption of the Juice, adding towards the end, round Birthwort roots in powder, to ounces, new 〈◊〉 as much as is sufficient to make it into an Ointment according to art. Culpeper] A. It would ask a whole Summer's day to write the particular virtues of this Ointment, and my poor Genius is too weak to give it the hundreth part of its due praise, It cares Tumours, Aposthumes. Wounds, Ulcers, Gun-shot, Botches, Scabs, Itch, stinging with Nettles, Bees, Wasps, Hornets, venomous beasts, Wounds made with poisoned Arrows etc. Tush! this is nothing— paulo majora canamus. It helps Scaldings though made with Oil, Burnings though with Lightning, and that without any Scar: It helps nasty, rotten, stinking, putrified Ulcers, though in the legs, whither the humours are most subject to resort; in Fistulaes' though the bone be afflicted it shall scale it without any instrument, and bring up the flesh from the very bottom: Would you be fair? your face being anointed with this, soon will the Redness, Pimples, Sun-burning vanish, a Wonnd dressed with this will never putrify, a Wound made with so small a weapon that no tent will follow, anoint but with this and you need fear no danger, If your head ache, anoint your temples with this and you shall have ease; The stomach being anointed with it, no infirmity dares harbour there, no not Asthmaes, nor consumption of the lungs; The belly being anointed with it, helps the Colic and iliack passion, the Worms, and what not? it helps the Hemorrholds or Piles, and is the best Ointment that is, for gouts of all sorts: finally there may be as universal a medicine made for all diseases, of Tobacco as of any thing in the world, the Philosophers Stone excepted. O Joubertus! thou shalt never want praise for inventing this medicine, by those that use it, so long as the Sun and Moon endureth. Unguentum Nutritum, seu Trifarmacum. P. 156. L. B. The College] Take of lethargy of Gold finely powdered, half a pound; Vinegar one pound, Oil of Roses two pound, grind the lethargy in a mortar, pouring to it sometimes Oil, sometimes Vinegar, till by continual stirring the Vinegar do no more appear, and it come to a whitish Ointment. Culpeper] A. It is of a cooling, drying nature, good for itching of Wounds, Itch and Scabs, and such like deformities of the skin, as Tetters, Ringworms etc. Unguentum Ophthalmicum. Pag. 157. in Lat. Book. Or, Ointment for the eyes. The College] Take of Bole Armenick washed in Rose water, one ounce; Lapis Calaminaris washed in Eye-bright water, Tutty prepared, of each two drachms; Pearls in very fine powder half a drachm, Camphire half a scruple, Opium five grains, fresh butter washed in Plantain water, as much as is sufficient to make it into an Ointment according to art. Culpeper] A. It is exceeding good to stop 〈◊〉 Rheums that fall down into the eyes, the eyelids being but anointed with it. Unguentum ex Oxylapatho. Pag. 157. in Lat. Book. Or, Ointment of Sharp-pointed Dock. The College] Take of the roots of Sharp-pointed Dock boiled in Vinegar until they be soft, and then pulped, Brimstone washed in juice of Lemons, of each one ounce and an half, Hog's grease often washed in juice of Scabious, half a pound, Unguentum populeon, washed in juice of Alicampane, half an ounce, make them into an Ointment, in a mortar. Culpeper.] A. It is a wholesome though troublesome medicine for what the Title specifies, before it was called an Ointment against Scabs, and Itch, now because none should know what 'tis good for, it is called an Ointment of Sharp-pointed Dock; If they were as able, as they are willing: good God what ignorance would they lead poor man too, but a cursed Cow, hath but short horns. Unguentum è Plumbo. Page 157. in Lat. Book. Or, Ointment of Lead. The College] Take of Lead, Burnt according to art, Litharge, of each two ounces, Ceruse, Antimony, of each one ounce, Oil of Roses, as much as is sufficient, make it into an Ointment according to art. Culpeper] Take it one time with another, 'twill go near to do more harm than good. Unguentum Pomatum. Page 157. in the Latin Book. The College] Take of fresh Hog's grease, three pound, fresh Sheep Suet nine ounces, Pomewater pared and cut, a pound and nine ounces, Damask Rose-water, six ounces, the roots of Orris Florentine grossly bruised, six drachms, boil them in Balneo Mariae till the Apples be soft, then strain it, but press it not, and keep it for use * then warm it a little again, and What after you have used it? wash it with fresh Rose-water, adding to each 〈◊〉, twelve drops of Oil of Lignum Rhodium. Culpeper] A. It's general use is, to soften and supple the roughness of the skin, and take away the the chaps of the lips, hands, face, or other parts. Unguentum Potabile. Page 158. in the Latin Book The College.] Take of butter without salt a pound and an half, Spermaceti 〈◊〉, Tormentil roots, Castorium of each half an ounce, boil them as you ought in a sufficient quantity of Wine, till the Wine be consumed, and become an Ointment. Culpeper] A. I know not what to make of it. Unguentum Resinum. Page 158. in the Lain Book. The College] Take of 〈◊〉, or Rosin of the pine tree, of the purest, Turpentine, yellow Wax washed, pure Oil, of each equal parts, melt them into an Ointment according to art. Culpeper] A. It is as pretty a Cerecloath for a new sprain as most is, and cheap. Let it not be despised, for I have known a gentlewoman in Sussex do much good with it, even before their Dispensatory, was ever hatched, or in the Egg. Unguentum Rosatum. Page 158. in the Latin Book. Or, Ointment of Roses. The College] Take of fresh Hog's grease elensed a pound, fresh Red roses half a pound, juice of the same three ounces, make it into an Ointment according to art. Culpeper] A. The College give you but a short come off in this Ointment, they love to be brief and tedious, last time when they were honester, they taught you how to make it, which was thus, The College.] Take of Hog's grease well cleansed from the skins a pound; wash it nine * Be sure you miss not one of them. times in warm water, then as often in cold water; fresh red Roses a pound: mix them together and so let them stand seven days, then boil them over a gentle fire, and strain out the Roses, then mix with the Ointment the like quantity of fresh red Roses, and then let them stand together as many days, then strain them out having first boiled them; at the last ad juice of red Roses six ounces, boil them over a gentle fire till the juice be consumed, then strain it, and make an Ointment according to art. Culpeper] A. You need do no more than let it stand till it is cold, and you shall see it is Ointment alone without any further making, now compare but this with what I wrote before, and see if they do not love to be brief and tedious. A. It is of a fine cooling nature, exceeding useful in all gauling of the skin, and frettings accompanied with choleric humours, angry bushes, tetters, ringworms, it mitigates diseases in the head coming of hear, as also the intemperate heat of the stomach and liver. 〈◊〉 Rubrum. Page 158. in the Latin Book. Or, a drying red Ointment. The College] Take of Oil of Roses, Omphacine, a pound, white Wax five ounces, which being melted and put in a leaden Mortar, put in, Earth of Lemnos or Bolearmenick, Lapis Calaminaris of each four ounces, Litharge of gold, Ceruse, of each three ounces, Camphire one drachm, make it into an Ointment according to art. Culpeper] A. It binds and restrains fluxes of humours and is as gallant an Ointment to skin a sore as any is in the Dispensatory. Unguentum è Solano. Page 158. in the Lat. Book Or, Ointment of Nightshade. The College] Take of juice of Nightshade, Litharge washed, of each five ounces, Ceruse washed eight ounces, white Wax seven ounces, Frankincense in powder ten drachms, Oil of Roses often washed in water two pound, make it into an Ointment according to art. Culpeper] A. It was invented to take away inflammations from wounds, and to keep people from scratching of them when they are almost well. Unguentum Tutiae. Page. 158. in the Latin Book. Or, Ointment of Tutty The College] Take of Tutty prepared two ounces; Lapis Calaminaris, often burnt and quenched in Plantain water, an ounce, make them being finely powdered into an Ointment, with a pound and an half of Ointment of Roses. Cul. A. It is a cooling, drying Ointment apropriated to the eyes, to dry up hot and salted humours that flow down thither, the eyelids being anointed with it. Valentia Scabiosae. Page 159. in the Latin Book. A famous Ointment much in use 300. years ago. The College] Take of the juice of green Scabious pressed out with a screw, and strained, through a cloth Hog's grease, of each as much as you will, beat the Hog's greas in a stone mortar, not grind it, putting in the juice by degrees for the more commodious mixture and tincture, afterwards set it in the Sun in a convenient vessel, so as the juice may overtop the grease; nine days being passed, pour of the discoloured juice, and beat it again as before, putting in fresh juice, set in the Sun again five days, which being elapsed, beat it again putting in more juice, after 15 days more do so again, do so five times, after which keep it in a glass or glazed vessel. Tapsivalentia. Page 159. in the Latin Book. The College] Take of the juice of Mullen, Hog's grease, of each as much as you will, let the grease be cleansed and cut in pieces, and beat it with the juice, pressed and strained, as you did the former Ointment, then keep it in a convenient vessel nine or ten days, then beat it twice, once with fresh juice, until it be green, and the second time without juice, beaten well, pouring off what is discoloured, and keep it for use. Tapsimel. Page 159. in the Latin Book. The College] Take of the juice of Sullendine and Mullen, of each one part, clarified Honey two parts, boil them by degrees till the juice be consumed, adding (the Physician prescribing) Vitriol burnt, Alum burnt, Ink, and boil it again to an Ointment according to art. Culpeper] A. These three last was stolen out of the Manuscripts of Mr. John Ardern for a Chirurgeon at Newwark upon Trent, though now the College have the honesty to conceal his name, you may know the virtues of the two former, if you view but the Simples, as for the latter he quotes a pretty passage of, which is like to be the 〈◊〉 because the College conceals it now, and did not before. it is this, when you are troubled with the Itch, put a little Tapsimel up your fundament, and the Itching will presently Cease. OINTMENTS MORE COMPOUND. Unguentum Agrippa. Page 160. in the Lat. in Book. The College] TAke of Briony roots two pound, the roots of wild Cucumbers, one pound, Squills half a pound, fresh English Orris roots, three ounces, the roots of Male Fearn, Dwarf Elder, water caltrop's, or Aron, of each two ounces, bruise them all being fresh, and steep them, six or seven days in four pound of old Oil, the whitest not rank, then boil them and press them out, and in the Oil me 〈◊〉 fifteen ounces of white wax, and make it into an Ointment according to art. Culpeper] A. It purgeth excceedingly and is good to anoint the bellies of such as have dropsies, and if there be any humour of phlegm in any part of the body that you know not how to remove (provided the part be not too tender) you may anoint it with this, but yet be not too busy with it, for I tell you plainly 'tis not very safe. Unguentum de Alabastro. Page 160, in the Latin B. Or, Ointment of Alabaster. The College] Take of of the juice of Chamomel four ounces, the juice of red Roses, Marshmallow roots, of each two ounces, the juice of Rue, and Bettony, of each an ounce and an half, Oil of Roses, Omphacine a pound and an half, Alabaster in very fine powder three ounces, mix them, and let them alone till the next day, then boil it till the juice be consumed, then with six ounces of white Wax make it into an Ointment according to art. Culpeper.] A. I never knew it made, neither know I what to make of it, 'tis amongst Victorius his Empirics to be found, and a hundred to one but he saith 'tis good for something, but I know not for what. There he quotes abundance of Receipts, and it seems this is one, I have about a hundred of them, but this is none of them. Unguentum Amarum. Page 160 in the Latin Book. Or, a bitter Ointment. The College] Take of Oil of Rue, Savin, Mints, Wormwood, bitter Almonds, of each one ounce and an half, juice of Peach flowers and leaves, and Wormwood, of each half an ounce, powder of Rue, Mints, Centaury the less, Gentian, Tormentil, of each one drachm, the seeds of Coleworts, the pulp of Colocynthis of each two drachms, Aloes Hepatick, three drams, meal of 〈◊〉 half an ounce, Myrrh washed in grass Water a drachm and an half, Bulls gall an ounce and an half, with a sufficient quantity of juice of Lemons, and an ounce and an half of Wax, make it into an Ointment according to art. Culpeper A. Do but so much as compare the simples of this Ointment, with my rules at the beginning of the Oils, and you shall see pretty sport to laugh at, the Simples making as great a discord, as a Second and a Seventh in Music, which can hardly be reduced to harmony, but agrees like a harp and a harrow. Unguentum Apostolorum. Page 161. in the Latin B. Or, Ointment of the Apostles. The College] Take of Turpentine, yellow Wax, Rosin, Amoniacum, of each fourteen drachms, long Birthwort roots, Olibanum, Bdellium, of each six drachms, Myrrh Galbanum, of each half an ounce, Opopanax, Vert-de-greese of each two drachms, Litharge nine drachms, Oil two pound, Vinegar enough to dissolve the gums, make it into an Ointment according to art. Culpeper] A. It consumes corrupt and dead flesh, and makes flesh soft which is hard, it clonseth wounds, Ulcers, and Fistulaes', and restores flesh where it is wanting. A. Here is our Colleges Religion, ad unguem. King James is their god, Hearts-ease their Trinity, their Divinity and holiness in a couple of Plasters, these twelve ingredients are their Apostles, their College in Amen Corner, where they all sing Allelujah, Anglice Woodsorrel together. Unless their hand of Christ, which is made of Rosewater and Sugar help them, I know not what will become of them, they have no other remedy to fly too but their Plaster called the grace of god, to see if that will help at a dead lift. Unguentum Aregon. Page 161. in the Latin Book. The College] Take of Rosemary, Marjoram, mother of Time, Rue, the roots of Aron, and wild Cucumbers, of each four onnces and an half, the leaves of Bay sage, Savin, Briony roots, of each three ounces, 〈◊〉, 〈◊〉, of each nine ounces, the leaves of wild Cucumbers, Nep, of each half a pound, let all of them being gathered in May, cleansed and bruised, be steeped seven days, in six pound of Salad Oil, and a pound of Spirit of Wine, boil them gently till the Spirit be consumed, then strain the Oil, in which melt Wax sixteen ounces, Bears grease, Oil of Bays, of each three ounces, Moschaleum half an ounce, Peter-Oyl an ounce, Butter four ounces, stir them, and put in these following things in powder; Mastic, Olibanum, of each seven drachms, Pellitory of Spain, Euphorbium, Ginger, Pepper, of each an ounce, make them into an Ointment according to art. Culpeper. A. It mightily digesteth and maketh thin, and 〈◊〉 not without some purging quality; and is very comodious against cold afflictions of the body, but especially of the sinews, convulsions, falling sickness, pains of the joints, and great guts; I cannot much commend it, unless I should commend it for its length and tediousness. Unguentum de Artanita. Page 162. in Lat. Book. Or, Ointment of Showbread. The College] Take of the Juice of Showbread, or for want of it, a strong decoction of the roots, three pound, juice of wild Cücumers, Heifers Butter, of each a pound, Oil of Orris two pound, Pulp of Coloquintida, four ounces, Polypodium six ounces, Euphorbium half an ounce: the things to be bruised being bruised, let them be steeped in a glazed vessel close shut eight days, afterwards boiled in a double vessel till the Juice be almost consumed, then press it out and dissolve in the Liquor yellow Wax five ounces: whilst it is warm mix with it Sagapen. dissolved in Vinegar, Bulls gall boiled in a bath to the thickness of Honey, of each an ounce, then put in these things following in Powder; Scammony, Turbith, Coloquintida, berries or leaves of Mezereon, Aloes, of each seven drachms; Sal. Gem. half an ounce; Euphorbium long Pepper, Myrrh, Ginger, Chamomel flowers, of each three drachms, make them into an ointment according to art. Culpeper] A. The stomach being anointed with it, it purgeth by vomit; the Belly anointed with it, it purgeth by stool: the truth is, it is a desperate kind of purge, yet I hold it as fitting as can be to anoint the bellies of such as have dropsies, because I conceive it especially purgeth water, and the water in dropsies lie near the skin. They have altered it a little, and to as little purpose. I fancy not such violent Remedies, sometimes they kill, and sometimes they cure. Unguentum Catapsoras Page 162. in the Latin Book. The College] Take of Ceruse washed in Purslain water, then in Vinegar wherein wild Rhadish Roots have been steeped and pressed out, Lapis Calaminaris, Chalcitis, of each six drachms, burnt Lead, Goat's blood, of each half an ounce, Quicksilver sublimated an ounce, the juice of Housleek, Nightshade, Plantain of each two ounces, Hog's grease cleansed three pound, Oil of Violets, Poppies, Mandrakes, of each an ounce, first let the Sublimate and Exungia, than the Oils, Juices, and Powders, be mixed, and so made into an Ointment according to art. Culpeper] A. The Title shows it to be invented against scabs and itch. But I delight not in such kind of Medicines, they are Collegiates that appoint them and may do what they list, nemine contradicence. Unguentum Citrinum. Page 163. in the Lat. Book. Or, A Citron Ointment. The College] Take of Borax an ounce; Camphire a drachm, white Coral half an ounce, Alum Plume an ounce, Umbilicus Marinus, Tragacanth, white Starch of each three drachms, Crystal, Dentalis Eutalis, Olibanum, Niter, white Marble of each two drachms, Gersa Serpeutaria an ounce, Ceruse six ounces, Hog's grease not salted, a pound and an half, Goat's Suet prepared an ounce and an half, Hen's fat two ounces and an half; Powder the things as you ought to do both together, and by themselves, melt the fats being cleansed in a stone vessel, and steep in them two Citrons of a mean bigness cut in bits, in a warm bath, after a whole week strain it and put in the Powders by degrees, amongst which, let the Camphire and Borax be the last, stir them and bring them into the form of an Ointment. Culpeper] A. It takes away Pimples, redness, 〈◊〉, and other deformities of the face, Scabs in any part of the body; it takes away the redness of the eyes, and makes a rough skin smooth. It is a terrible tedious piece of stuff, such as they usually use to make men believe wonders, only here they left out Gipsum because they could not tell what it was, they should have asked their Brother Dr. P. S. the Receipt coming from Rome, he could have told them when he was there to be confirmed in his Religion what the walls were plastered with, for Gypsum is the plaster of a wall. Unguentum Comitissae. Page 163. in the Latin Book. The College] Take of the middbe Bark of Acorns, Chestnuts, Oaks, Beans, the berries of Myrtles, Horstail, Galls, Grapes stones, unripe Services and Medlars dried, the leaves of Sloe-tree, the Roots of Bistort and Tormentil, of each an ounce and an half, bruise them grossly and boil them in ten pound of plantain water till half consumed, then take new yellow wax eight ounces and an half, Oil of Myrtles simple, two pound and an half; melt them and wash them nine times in the aforesaid Decoction, being washed and melted put in these following Powders, the middle bark of Acorns, Chestnuts, and Oak, Galls, Juice of Hypocistis, Ashes of the bone of an Ox Leg, Myrtle berries, unripe Grape stones, unripe Services, of each half an ounce, Troches of Amber two ounces, with oil of Mastic so much as is sufficient, make it into an Ointment according to art. Culpeper.] A. It seems in my eyes a gallant binding Ointment, composed neatly by a judicious brain. The belly and reins being anointed with it, it stays abortion, or miscarriage in women though already begun, it strengthens weak backs exceedingly, and stops the immoderate flowing of the terms, and hemorrhoids, and falling out of the fundament and womb; finally, for every occasion that requires binding, I would if I were Eloquent, commend it in the superlative degree. Unguentum Martiatum. Page 164. in the Latin Book. The College] Take of fresh Bay leaves three pound Garden Rue two pound and an half, Marjoram two pound, Mints a pound, Sage, Wormwood, Costmary, Bazil of each half a pound, Salad oil twenty pound, yellow wax four pound, Malaga wine two pound, of all of them being bruised, boiled and pressed out as they ought, make an Ointment according to art. Culpeper. A. This is not the Ointment they prescribed before under that name, nor half so tedious, therefore I like it better: It is a great strengthener of the head, it being anointed with it; as also of all the parts of the body, especially the nerves, muscles and arteries. Unguentum Mastichinum. Page 164. in Lat. Book. Or, An Ointment of Mastich. The College] Take of Oil of Mastic, Wormwood and Nard, of each an ounce, Mastic, Mints, red Roses, red Coral, Cloves, Cinnamon, Wood of Aloes Squinanth, of each a drachm, wax as much as is sufficient to make it into an Ointment according to art. Culpeper] A. This is like the former, and not a whit inferior to it, it strengthens the stomach being anointed with it, restores appetite and digestion. Before it was called a Stomach Ointment. Unguentum Neapolitanum. Page 165. in the Latin Book. The College] Take of Hog's grease washed in juice of Sage a pound, Quicksilver * It were a 〈◊〉 thing if you could kill quicksilver so, you had better call for Hog's dung, as the man did in Lumen Chymicum. strained through Leather, killed with spital four ounces, Oil of Bays, Chamomel and Earthworms, of each two ounces, Spirit of Wine an ounce, yellow wax two ounces, Turpentine washed in juice of Elicampane three ounces, Powder of Chamepytis and Sage, of each two drams, make them into an Oyatment according to art. Culpeper] A. A Learned art to spoil people: hundreds are bound to curse such Ointments, and those that appoint them; 'tis not enough for a man to be plagued with the pocks, but he must be worse plagued with preposterous Medicines. Unguentum Nervinum. Page 165. in the Latin Book. The College] Take of Cowslips with the Flowers, Sage, Chamepytis, Rosemary, Lavender, Bay with the Berries, Chamomel, Rue, Smallage, Melilot with the flowers, wormwood of each a handful, mints, Betony, Penyroyal, Parsley, Centaury the less, St. John's wort, of each half a handful, Oil of Sheep's or Bullocks feet, five pound, Oil of Spike half an ounce; Sheep's or Bullocks suct, or the Marrow of either two pound, the Herbs being bruised and boiled with the Oil and Suet, make it into an Ointment according to art. Culpeper.] A. It is apropriated to the nerves, and helps their infirmrties coming of cold, (which you may find often enough related, I do not love always to harp upon the same string) as also old bruises; make use of it in dead palseys, chilliness or coldness of particular members, such as the Arteries perform not their office to as they ought; for wind anoint your belly with it; for want of digestion, your stomach; for the Colic, your belly; for what ever disease in any part of the body comes of cold, esteem of this as a Jewel, and you shall give me thanks for declaring it, after you have been thankful to God for raising me up to that end. Unguentum Pectorale. Page 165. in Lat. Book. Or, A Pectoral Ointment. The College] Take of fresh Butter washed in Violet water, six ounces, oil of sweet Almonds four ounces, oil of Chamomel and Violets, white wax, of each three ounces, Hens and Ducks grease of each two ounces, orris roots two drachms, Saffron half a drachm: the two last being finely powdered the rest melted and often washed in Barley or Hyssop water, make an ointment of them according to art. Culpeper] A. It strengthens the breast and stomach, easeth the pains thereof, helps pleuresies and consumptions of the lungs, the breast being anointed with it. Now they have mended their nonsensical boiling of the Butter. Unguentum Populneum. Page 166. in Lat. Book. Or, Ointment of Poplar. The College] Take of fresh black Poplar buds one pound and an half, the flowers of Violets and Navil-wort of the wall, of each three ounces; fresh Hog's grease three pound, all of them being beaten together, in May let them stand a while, add the tops of Raspberries, the leaves of black Poppies, Mandrake, Henbane, Nightshade, Lettuce, Housleck, great and small, Burrs the greater of each three ounces, beat them all together, and all of them being mixed, after ten days with a pound of Rose water, boil it till all the super fluous humidity be consumed, then strain it and press it out that it may be an ointment according to art. Culpeper] A. It is exceeding good in burnings, scaldings, and inflammations, it assuageth the heat of the head and Kidneys, the temples being anointed with it, it provokes sleep. They have in their last something altered this, but to little purpose, or none at all; they must do something as the woman said, when she sh— in the house and made it clean again. Unguentum Resumptivum. Page 166. in Lat. Book. The College] Take of Hog's grease three ounces, the grease of Hens, Geese, and Ducks, of each two ounces, Oesipus half an ounce, oil of Violets, Chamomel and Dill, of each two ounces, fresh Butter a pound, white wax six ounces, Mussilage of Gum 〈◊〉, Arabic, Quince seeds, Linseeds, Marsh Mallow roots, of each half an ounce; let the Mussilages be made in Rose water, and adding the rest, make it into an ointment according to art. Culpeper] A. It mightily mollifies without any manifest heat, and is therefore a fit ointment for such as have Agues, Asthmaes, hectich Fevers, or Consumptions. It is a gallant ointment to ease pains coming by inflammations of wounds or Aposthumes, especially such as dryness accompanies, an infirmity wounded people are many times troubled with. In inward Aposthems, as pleuresies, is one of them to anoint the external region of the part is very beneficial. Unguentum Splanchnieum. Page 166. in the Latin Book. The College] Take of oil of Cappers an ounce, oil of white Lilies, Chamomel, fresh Butter, juice of Briony and Showbread, of each half an ounce, bail it to the consumption of the juice, ad Ammoniacum dissolved in Vinegar two drachms and an half, Hen's grease, Oesypus, Marrow of a Calves leg, of each half an ounce, Powder of the Bark of the roots of Tamaris and Cappers, Fearn roots, Cetrach, of each a drachm, the seeds of Agnus Castus, and Broom, of each a scruple, with a sufficient quantity of wax make it into an ointment according to art. Unguentum Splanchnicum Magistrale. Page 167. in the Latin Book. The College] Take of the Bark of Capper roots six drachms, Briony roots, orris Florentine, powder of sweet Fennel seed, Ammoniacum dissolved in Vinegar, of each half an ounce, tops of wormwood, Chamomel flowers of each a drachm, ointment of the juice and flowers of oranges of each six drachms, oil of orris and Cappers of each an ounce and an half, the things which ought being powdered and sifted, the rest diligently mixed in a hot mortar, make it into an Ointment according to art. Culpeper] A. Before they called these Unguentum Splenicum, which because every one that understood any Latin might understand, they invented a hideous name, Unguentum Splanchnicum. A. There are some that cannot abide Ointments, yet can easily bear Plasters; therefore when occasion is given, you may make up the Ointment in form of a Plaster, by adding a little Wax, Ship Pitch, Cyperus, Turpentine. A. Both these Ointments are apropriated to the spleen, and ease the pains thereof, the sides being anointed with them. I fancy not the former. Unguentum è Succis. Page 167. in the Latin Book. Or, Ointment of Juices. The College] Take of Juice of dwarf Elder eight ounces, of Small age and Parsley of each four ounces, Wormwood and Orris of each five ounces, Common Oil half a pound, Oil of white Lilies ten ounces, of wormwood and Chamomel of each six ounces, the fat of Ducks and Hens of each two ounces, boil them together with a gentle fire till the Juices be consumed, then strain it and with seven ounces of white wax, and a little white wine Vinegar, make it into an Ointment according to art. See Unguentum ex 〈◊〉 Aperitivis. Unguentum Samach. Page 168. in the Latin Book. The College] Take of Sumach, unripe 〈◊〉, myrtle Berries, 〈◊〉, Pomegranate Pills, 〈◊〉 Cups, Cypress Nuts, Acacia, 〈◊〉, of each ten drachms, white Wax five ounces, Oil of Roses often washed in Alum water, a pound and ten ounces, make a fine powder of the things you can and 〈◊〉 them four whole days in juice of 〈◊〉 and unripe Services, of each a sufficient quantity, then dry them by a gentle fire, and with the Oil and wax boil it into an Ointment. Culpeper] A. It is a gallant drying and binding Ointment, my former Rules will show you what it's good for, be studious, be studious; besides the stomach anointed with it stays vomiting, and the belly anointed with it stays looseness; if the Eundament fall out, when you have put it up again, anoint it with this Ointment and it will fall out no more; do the like by the womb if that fall out. They had the honesty before to call it a binding Ointment, now it hath another name, and its place is changed, give God the glory that he hath left a way to do you good in spite of their subtlety, and I shall do the like that he hath made me an Instrument to do it. Ointments left out in this Dispensatory. Ointments of Marsh-Mallows Compound. Nich. The College] Take of Marshmallow Roots two 〈◊〉; the seeds of Flax and Foenugreek of each one pound; Pulp of Squils' half a pound; Oil four pound; Wax one pound; Turpentine, Gum of Ivy, Galbanum, of each two ounces, Colophonia, Rozin, of each half a pound: let the Roots be well washed and bruised, as also the Linseed, Foenugreek seed and Squills, then steep them three days in eight pints of Water, the fourth day boil them a little upon the fire, and draw out the Mussilage, of which take two pound and boil it with the Oil to the consumption of the juice; afterwards, add the Wax, Rozin, and Colophonia; when they are melted, add the Turpentine, afterwards the Galbanum and Gum of Ivy, dissolved in Vinegar, boil them a little; and having removed them from the fire, stin them till they are cold, that so they may be well incorporated. Culpeper] A. They both (viz. this and the former) heat and moisten; the latter helps pains of the breast coming of cold and pleuresies, old aches, and stitches, and softens hard swellings. Unguentum Diapompholigos nih ili. Nicholaus. The College] Take of Oil of Roses sixteen ounces; Juice of Nightshade six ounces: let them boil to the consumption of the juice, then add white Wax five ounces; Ceruse washed two ounces; Led burnt and washed, Pompholix prepared, pure Frankincense, of each an ounce; let them be brought into the form of an Ointment according to art. Culpeper] A. It cools an binds, dries, and stays fluxes, either of blood or humours in wounds, and fills 〈◊〉 ulcers with flesh; this is much like 〈◊〉 Ointment of Nightshade in their last Edition, and of the same operation, and the very same receipt, they last time called Guilielmus Placentinus Simple Liniament. Good Lord what shifts are they put too, to cheat this 〈◊〉! well, though I cannot rout the College, yet know all men by this Ointment, I have put them to their shifts. Unguentum Refrigerans. Galenus, It is also called a Cerecloath The College.] Take of white Wax four ounces; Oil of Roses Omphacine a pound; melt it in a double vessel, than power it out into another, by degrees putting in cold water, and often 〈◊〉 it out of one vessel into another, stirring it till it be white; last of all wash it in Rose Water, adding a little Rose Water and Rose Vinegar. Culpeper] A. It is a fine cooling thing, (for what denomination to give it I scarce know) and exceeding good, yea superexcellent to cure inflammations in wounds or tumours. Unguentum è 〈◊〉 Aperitivis primum. 〈◊〉. The College] Take of the juice of 〈◊〉, 〈◊〉, Mints, Wormwood, Common Parsley, Valerian, of each three ounces; oil of Wormwood and Mints, of each half a pound; yellow Wax three ounces; mix them together over the fire, and make of them an Ointment. Sometimes is added also the powders of Calamus Aromaticus, Spicknard, of each one drachm; a little oil of Cappers. Culpeper] A. It opens stoppages of the stomach and spleen, easeth the Rickets, the breast and sides being anointed with it. 〈◊〉 Martiatum. Nich. The College] Take of the Leaves of Bay and Rosemary, of each eight ounces; Rue seven ounces; Tamaris fix ounces; the Leaves of Dwarf-Elder, Marjoram, Savin, Costmary, or else, 〈◊〉 ater-mints, Sage, Bazil, Polcy-mountain, Calaminth, Mugwort, Elicampane, Betony, 〈◊〉- Ursine, Goose grass or Cleavers, Anemone or Wind-flower, or for want of it, Pellitory of the Wall, Burnet, Agrimony, Wormwood, Cowslips, Garden Costus, Elders, Orphine the greater, Housleek the greater and lesser, Yarrow, Germander, Centaury the less, Plantain, Strawberries, * Called also Syderites, and Ironwort, because of its excelen cy to cure wounds. Tetrahit or for a Which in London cannot be, because it grows almost in everyditch. want of it Goldenrod, Cynksoyl, of each four ounces and an half; the roots of Marsh-mallows, the seeds of Cummin, Myrrh, of each three ounces; Foenugreck an ounce and an half; the seeds of the greater Nettles, of Violets, red or erratic Poppies, commonly called Corn-roses, Garden Mints, Sorrel, wild Mints, Maindenhair, Carduus Benedictus, Woodbine or Honeysuckles, Valerian the greater, sweet Cranebil, or Muschata, Wood-sorrel, Harts-tongue, o Bubthalmum. Ox-eye, Southernwood, Marrow of a Stag, Styrax Calamitys, of each half an ounce; Butter ten drachms; Bears and Hen's grease, Mastic, Frankincense, of each one ounce; Nard Oil two ounces; Wax two pound: let the Herbs being green, be cut, and insused in eight pounds of Oil with Wine for seven days, on the eighth day let them be boiled almost to the consumption of the Wine, then being removed from the fire, let it be strained and the Oil put into the pan again, to which (being a little warmed) add the Butter, Marrow, Fat, Nard Oil, and Wax, than the Styrax dissolved in Wine and mixed with a little Turpentine, but let the Mastic, Myrrh, and Frankincense being heaten into powder be put in last of all, and when they 〈◊〉 all will mixed together, keep the Ointment in a vessel. Culpeper. A. This long Receipt of Nich. Myrepsus, is held to be profitable against cold afflictions of the brain, nerves, and joints, as shaking palsy, dead palsy, convulsions etc. it helps numbness of the joints, the gout and hard tumours of the spleen. An Ointment for the Worms. Foesius. The College] Take of Oil of Rue, Savin, Mints, Wormwood, and bitter Almonds, of each an ounce and an half; juice of the flowers or leaves of Peaches, and Wormwood, of each half an ounce; Powder of Rue, Mints, Gentain, Centaury the less, tormentil, of each one drachm; the seeds of Coleworts, the Pulp of Colocynthis, of each two drachms; Aloes Hepatick, three drachms; the meal of Lupins half an ounce; Myrrh washed in grass water, a drachm and an half; Bulls, Gall an ounce and an half: with juice of Lemons so much as is sufficient, and an ounce and an half of Wax, make it into an Ointment according to art. Culpeper] A. The Belly being anointed with it, kills the worms CERECLOATHS. Ceratum de Galbano. Page 169. in the Latin Book. Or, Cerecloath of Galbanum. The College] TAke of Galbanum prepared an ounce and an half, Assafaetid a half an ounce, Bdellium a drachm, Myrrh two drachms, Wax two ounces, 〈◊〉 seeds a scruple; Featherfew, Mugwort of each half a drachm, dissolve the Gums in Vinegar, and make it a Cerecloath according to art. Culpeper] A. Being applied to the belly of a woman after labour, it cleanseth her of any 〈◊〉 accidentally left behind, helps the fits of the mother, and other accedents incident to women in that case. Ceratum 〈◊〉. Page 169. in the Latin Book. The College] Take of Oesypus ten ounces, Oil of Chamomel, and Orris, of each half a pound, yellow Wax two pound, Rozin a pound, Mastic, 〈◊〉, Turpentine, of each an ounce; Spicknard two drachms and an half, Saffron a drachm and an half, Styrax Calamitis, half an ounce, make them into a Cerecloath according to art. Culpeper] A. It mollifies and digests hard swellings of the liver, spleen, womb, nerves, joints, and other parts of the body, and is a great easer of pain. Ceratum Santalinum. Page 169. in the Latin Book. The College] Take of red Sanders ten drachms, white and yellow Sanders, of each six drachms, red Roses twelve drachms, Bowl Armenick seven drams, Spodium four drachms, Camphire two drachms, white Wax washed thirty drachms, Oil of Roses, Omphacine six ounces, make it into a Cerecloath according to art. Culpeper] A. It wonderfully helps hot infirmities of the stomach, liver, and other parts, being but applied to them. PLASTERS. Culpeper] A I Hope no body is so simple to eat Plasters. The general 〈◊〉 of application is to the grieved place. You may melt them in any earthen dish, and so spread them upon a cloth or white leather. Emplastrum ex Ammoniaco. Page 170. in the Lat. B. Or, A Plaster of Ammoniacum The College] Take of Amoniacum, Bran well sifted, of each an ounce, Oyntmen 't of Marshmallows, melilot Plaster compound, roots of Briony, and Orris in powder, of each half an ounce, the fat of Ducks Geese, and Hens, of each three drachms, Bdellium, Galbanum, of each one drachm and an half, Perrozin, Wax; of each five ounces, Oil of Orris, Turpentine, of eaah half an ounce, boil the Fats and Oil with Mussilage of Linseed, and Foenugreek seed, of each three ounces, to the consumption of the Mussilage, strain it, and add the Wax, Rozin, and Turpentine, the Ointment of Marshmallows with the Plaster of Meliot, when it begins to be cold, put in the Amoniacum, dissolved in Vinegar, than the Bdellium in powder, with the rest of the powders, and make it into a Plaster according to art. Culpeper] A. By [Plaster] always understand not a Plaster spread upon a cloth, but a roll made to spread such a one withal. A. It softens and assuageth hard swellings, and scatters the humours offending, applied to the side it softens the hardness of the spleen, assuageth pains thence arising. Emplaistrum è Baccis Lauri. Page 170. in Lat. B. Or, a Plaster of Bay berries. The College] Take of Bay berries husked Turpentine of each two ounces, Frankincense, Mastic, Myrrh, of each an ounce, Cyperus, Costus, of each half an ounce, Honey warmed and * And why not scummed? I had forgot, the College is not bound to give a reason for what they do. not scummed, four ounces, make it into a Plaster according to art. Culpeper] A. It is an excellent Plaster to ease any pains coming of cold or wind, in any part of the body, whether stomach, liver, belly, reins, or bladder. It is an excellent remedy for the Colic and wind in the bowels. Emplastrum Barbarum Magnum. P. 171. in Lat. B. The College] Take of dry Pitch eight pound yellow Wax six pound and eight ounces, Perrosin five pound and four ounces, Bitumen, Judaicum, or Mummy four pound, Oil one pound and an half, Vert-de-grease, lethargy, Ceruse, of each three ounces, 〈◊〉 half a pound, Roch Alum not burnt an ounce and an half, Burnt four ounces, Opopanax, Scales of Brass; Gal banum, of each twelve, drachms, Aloes, Opium; Myrrh, of each half an ounce, Turpentine two pound, Juice of Mandrakes, or else dried Bark of the root, six drachms, Vinegar five pound, let the Licharge, Ceruse, and Oil, boil to the thickness of Honey, then, incorporate with them, the pitch being melted with Bitumen in powder, then add the rest, and boil them according to art, till the Vinegar be consumed, and it stick not to your hands. Culpeper] A. It helps the bitings of men and beasts, easeth the inflammations of wounds, and helps infirmities of the joints, and gouts in the beginning. Emplastrum de Betonica. Page 171. in the Lat. Book. Or, A Plaster of Betony. The College] Take of Betony Burnet, Agrimony, Sage, Penyroyal, Yarrow, comfry the greater, * Whether by Galletrium, they mean wild Clary or garden, is some question. Clary, of each six ounces, Frankincense, Mastic, of each three drachms, Orris, round-Birthwort, of each six drachms, white Wax, Turpentine, of each eight ounces, Per-rosin six ounces, Gum 〈◊〉, a I know no other Oil of Fir unless they mean Turpentine, and that was once before. Oil of fir, of each two ounces, white Wine three pound, bruise the herbs, boil them in the Wine, then strain them, and add the rest, and make them into a Plaster according to art. Culpeper] A. It is a gallant Plaster to unite the skull when it is cracked, to draw out pieces of broken bones and cover the bones with flesh; It draws filth from the bottom of deep ulcers, rest oars flesh lost, cleanseth, digesteth, and drieth. Emplastrum Coesaris. Page 171. in the Latin Book. The College] Take of red Roses one ounce and an half, Bistort roots, Cypress Nuts, all the Sanders, Mints, Coriander seeds, of each three drachms, Mastic half an ounce, Hypocistis, Acacia, Dragon's blood, Earth of Lemnos, Bolearmenick, red Coral, of each two drachms, Turpentine washed in Plantain water, four ounces, Oil of Roses three ounces, white Wax twelve ounces, Perrosin ten ounces, Pitch six ounces, the juice of Plantain 〈◊〉, and 〈◊〉, of each an ounce, the Wax, Rosin, and pitch, being melted together, add the Turpentine and Oil, than the Hypocistis, and Acacia dissolved in the Juices, at last the Powders, and make it into a Plaster according to art. Culpeper] A. It is of a fine, cool, binding, strengthening nature, excellent good to repel 〈◊〉 or vapours that ascend up to the head, the hair being shaved off and it applied to the crown. Emplastrum Catagmaticum the first. P. 172. in Lat. B. The College] Take of juice of Marshmallow roots six ounces, Bark of Ash treeroots, and their leaves, the roots of Comsry the greater, and smaller with their leaves, of each two ounces, Myrtle berries, an ounce and an half, the leaves of Willow, the tops of St. John's wart, of each an handful and an half, having bruised them, boil them together in red Wine, and Smith's water, of 〈◊〉 two pound, till half be consumed, strain it, and ad Oil of Myrtles, and Roses, Omphacine, of each one pound and an half, Goat's 〈◊〉 eight ounces, boil it again, to the consumption of the decoction, strain it again, and add lethargy of Gold and Silver, red Lead, of each four ounces, yellow Wax one pound, Colophonia half a pound, boil it to the consistence of a Plaster, then add Turpentine two ounces, Myrrh, Frankincense Mastich, of each half an ounce, Bowl Armenick, Earth of Lemnos, of each an ounce, stir them about well, till they be boiled, and made into an Emplaster according to art. Catagmaticum the second. Page 173. in the Lat. B. The College] Take of the roots of Comfry the greater, Marshmallows, Missleto of the Oak, of each two ounces, Plantain, Chamepitys, St. Johns-wort, of each a handful, boil them 〈◊〉 parts of black Wine, and Smith's water, till half be consumed, strain it, and add Mussilage of Quince seeds, made in tripe water, Oil of Mastic, and Roses, of each four ounces, boil it to the consumption of the Humidity, and having strained it, ad lethargy of Gold four ounces, boil it to the consistence of an Emplaster, then add yellow Wax four ounces, Turpentine three ounces, Colophonia six drachms, Ship-pitch ten ounces, powders of Balaustines, Roses, Myrtle, Acacia, of each half an ounce, Mummy, Androsamum, Mastich, Amber, of each six drachms, Bowl Armenick, fine flower, Frankincense, of each twelve drachms, Dragon's blood two ounces, make it into a Plaster according to art. Culpeper. A. Both this and the former are binding, and drying, the former rules will instruct you in the use. Emplastrum Cephalicum. Page 173. in the Lat B. Or, A Cephalick Plaster. The College] Take of Rosin two ounces, black Pitch one ounce, Labdanum, Turpentine, flower of Beans, and Orobus, Doves dung, of each half an ounce, Myrrh, Mastic, of each one drachm and an half, Gum of Juniper, Nutmegs, of each two drams, dissolve the Myrrh, and Labdanum in a bot mortar, and adding the rest, make it into a Plaster according to art. If you will have it stronger, ad the powders, Euphorbium, Pellitory of Spain, and black Pepper, of each two scruples. Culpeper] A. It is proper to strengthen the brain and repel such vapours as annoy it, and those powders being added it dries up the superfluous moisture thereof, and easeth the eyes of hot scalding vapours that annoy them. Emplastrum de Cerussa. Page 174. in the Latin Book. Or, A Plaster of Ceruse. The College] Take of Ceruse in fine powder, white Wax, Salad Oil, of each three ounces, ad the Oil by 〈◊〉 to the Ceruse, and holy it by continual stirring over a gentle fire, till it begin to swell, then add the Wax, cut small, by degrees, and boil it to 〈◊〉 just consistence. Culpeper] A. It helps burns, dry scabs, and hot ulcers, and in general what ever sores abound with moisture. Emplaistrum ex Cicuta 〈◊〉 〈◊〉. P. 174. L. 〈◊〉. Or, A Plaster of Hemlock with Amoniacum. The College] Take of the juice of Hemlock four ounces, Vinegar of Squills, and Ammoniacum, of each eight ounces, dissolve the Gum in the juice, and Vinegar, after a due infusion, then strain it, into its just consistence according to art. Culpeper] A. I suppose it was invented to mitigate the extreme pains, and allay the inflammations of wounds, for which it is very good; Let it not be applied to any principal part. Emplastrum è Cinnabari. Page 174. in the Latin B. The College] Take of Cinnabaris an ounce and an half, Euphorbium, Auripigmentum, of each two drachms and an half, beat them into fine powder, and unite them with Galbanum, Burgundy, Pitch, of each two ounces and an half, Plaster of Mussilages three ounces, Unguentum Egiptiacum half an ounce, make it into a Plaster without boiling. Culpeper] A. I wonder what this poisonous Plaster was invented for, unless to Poison men's wounds, and set the cure as fast backward, as a months well dressiug can set it forward, to eat out dead flesh it cannot, for that is belonging to Ointments, dead flesh is usually in hollow ulcers, and a Plaster cannot come at it; but imagine it could, yet would such a Plaster as this poison the flesh round about. Emplastrum è Crusta Panis. P. 174. in the Lat. Book Or, A Plaster of a crust of Bread. The College] Take of Mastic, Mints, Spodium red Coral, all the Sanders of each one drachm, Oil of Mastic, and Quinces, of each one drachm and an half, a Crust of Bread toasted, and three times steeped in red Rose Vinegar, and as often dried, Labdanum, of each two ounces, Rosin four ounces, Styrax Calamitis half an ounce, Barley meal five drachms, make them into a Plaster according to art. Culpeper] A. I shall commend this for as gallant a Plaster to strengthen the brain as any is in the Dispensatory, the hair being shaved off and it applied to the crown; also being applied to the stomach it strengthens it, helps digestion, stays vomiting and putrefaction, of the meat there. Montagnana was the Author of it, not the College. Emplastrum è Cymino. Page 174. in the Latin Book Or, A Plaster of Cummin. The College.] Take of Cummin-seed, Bayberries ies, yellow Wax, of each one pound, Per-rosin two pound, common Rosin three pound, Oil of Dill half a pound, mix them, and make them into a Plaster. Culpeper.] A. I am of opinion here is not half Oil enough to make it into a Plaster; they that make of it know better than I; I judge but by reason, they know by experience. A. It assuageth swellings, takes away old aches coming of bruises, and applied to the belly, is an excellent remedy for the wind colic. This I have often proved, and always with good success. Emplastrum Diacasciteos. Page 175. in the L. B. The College] Take of Hog's grease, fresh and purged from the skins two pound, Oil of Olive omphacine, Litharge of Gold beaten and sifted, of each three pound, white Vitriol burnt and purged four ounces: Let the lethargy, grease, and oil boil together with a gentle fire, with a little Plantain water, always stirring it to the consistence of a Plaster, into which (being removed from the fire) put in the Vitriol and make it into a Plaster according to art. Culpeper] A. Before it was to be made in this manner: First let the lethargy boil with the Oil and Grease a long time, continually stirring it with the branch of a Palm or other tree of a binding nature, as Oak, Box, or Medlar, which is new cut, that so the virtue of the Spatula may be mixed with the Plaster, cutting off the top and the rind, even to the wood itself; the mixture being thus made thick by boiling and stirring, and removed from the fire, put in white Copperis for want of true Chalcitis in powder, and so make it into a laudable mass for an Emplaster. A. It is a very drying, binding Plaster; profitable in green wounds to hinder putrefaction, as also in pestilential sores after they are broken, and ruptures; as also in burnings and scaldings. A. Before it was called Diapalma, because of the branch of the Palmtree, and Diacaleiteos, because of the Calcitis in it; but now neither of both be in: me thinks such a Learned College might in three days hard study, have invented a new name. Diachylon Simple. Page 175. in Lat. Book. The College] Take of Mussilage of Linseed, Foenugreek seed, Marsh mallow roots, of each one pound; old Oil three pound; boil it to the consumption of the Mussilage, strain it, and ad lethargy of Gold in fine Powder, one pound and an half; boil them with a little water over a gentle fire always stirring them to a just thickness. Culpeper] A. It is an exceeding good remedy for all swellings without pain, it softens hardness of the Liver and Spleen, it is very gentle like the Author of it [Mesue] very moderate and harmless, and it may be therefore neglected by the fantastical Chyrurgians of our age. Diachylon Ireatum. Page 175. in Lat. Book. The College] Add one ounce of Orris in Powder to every pound of Diachylon simple. Diachylon magnum. Page 175. in Lat. Book. The College] Take of Mussilage of Raisins, fat Figs, Mastic, Mallow Roots, Linseeds and Foenugreek seeds, Bird-lime, the Juice of Orris and Squills, of each twelve drachms and an half, Oesypus or Oil of sheep feet, an ounce and an half; oil of Orris, Chamomel, Dill of each eight ounces; Litharge of Gold in fine powder one pound; Turpentine three ounces; Perrozin, yellow Wax, of each two ounces: boil the Oil with the Mussilages and Juices to the consumption of the humidity, strain the Oil from the Fancies and by adding the lethargy boil it to its consistence; then add the Rozin and Wax; Lastly, it being removed from the fire, ad the Turpentine, Oesypus, and Bird-lime, make of them a Plaster by melting them according to art. Culpeper] A. It dissolves hardness and inflammations. Diachylon magnum cum Gummi. Page 176. in the Latin Book. The College] Take of 〈◊〉, 〈◊〉, Ammoniacum, of each two ounces, dissolved in Wine, and added to the Mass of Diachylon magnum; first boil the Gums being dissolved, to the thickness of Honey. Culpeper] A. This is the best to dissolve 〈◊〉 swellings of all the three. Diachylon Compositum, five Emplastrum 〈◊〉 Mucilaginibus. Page 176. in the Latin Book. Or, A Plaster of Mucilages. The College] Take of Mucilages of the middle bark of Elm, Marshmallow roots, Linseed and Foenugreek seed of each four ounces and an half, Oil of Chamomel, Lilies, and Dill, of each an ounce and an half; Ammoniacum, Galbanum, Sagapex. 〈◊〉 of each half an ounce, new wax twenty ounces, Turpentine two ounces Saffron two drachms, dissolve the Gums in 〈◊〉, and make it into a Plaster according to art. Culpeper] A. It ripens swellings and breaks them, and cleanseth them when they are broken. It is of a most excellent ripening nature. Emplastrum Diaphoenicon hot. Page 176. in L. B. The College] Take of yellow Wax two ounces, Perrozin, Pitch, of each four ounces, Oil of Roses and Nard, of each one ounce, melt them together, and add Pulp of Dates made in Wine four ounces, 〈◊〉 of Quinces boiled in red wine an ounce, than the Powders following; Take of bread twice baked steeped in Wine and dried two ounces, Mastich an ounce, Frankincense, wormwood, red Roses, Spicknard, of each two drachms and an half, wood of 〈◊〉, Mace, Myrrh, washed Aloes, Acacia, Troches of Gallia Moschata, and earth of Lemnos, Calamus Aromaticus, of each one drachm, Labdanum three ounces, mix them and make them into a Plaster according to art. Culpeper] A. It strengthens the stomach and Liver exceedingly, helps fluxes, apply it to the places grieved, your mother wit will teach you not to apply it to the Nose for fluxes, nor yet to the soles of your feet to strengthen your stomach. Diaphoenicon cold. Page 177. in Lat. Book. The College] Take of Wax four ounces, Ship Pitch five ounces, Labdanum three ounces and an half; Turpentine an ounce and an half; oil of Roses one ounce, melt these and ad Pulp of 〈◊〉 almost ripe boiled in austere Wine four ounces; flesh of Quinces in like manner boiled, Bread twice baked, often steeped in red Wine and dried of each an ounce; Styrax Calamitys, Acacia, Unripe Grapes, Balaustines, yellow Sanders, Troches of Terra Lemnia, Myrrh, wood of Aloes of each half an ounce, Mastic, red Roses, of each an ounce and an half, Austere Wine, as much as is sufficient to dissolve the juices, make it into a Plaster according to art. Culpeper] A It strengthens the belly and liver, helps concoction in those parts, and distribution of humours, stays vomiting and fluxes. Emplastrum Divinum, Page 177. in Lat. Book. Or, A Divine Plaster. The College] Take of Loadstone four ounces, Ammoniacum three ounces and three drachms; Bdellium two ounces; Galbanum, Myrrh, of each ten drachms; Olibanum nine drachms; Opopanax, Mastich, Long Birthwort, Vert-de-greece, of each one ounce; Litharge, common Oil, of each a pound and an half; new Wax eight ounces: Let the lethargy in fine Powder be boiled with the Oil to a thickness, then add the Wax, which being melted, take it from the fire, ad the Gums dissolved in Wine or Vinegar, strain it, then add the Myrrh, Mastic, Frankincense, Birthwort, and Load stone in Powder; Last of all the Vert-de-greese in Powder, and make it into a Plaster according to art. Culpeper] A. It is of a cleansing nature, exceeding good against malignant Ulcers, it consumes corruption, engenders new flesh, and brings them to a scar. A. Herein lies the Colleges Religion, if you would know what it is; for they are neither Presbiterians, nor Independants. Emplastrum Epispasticum. Page 177. in Lat. Book The College] Take of Mustard seed, Euphorbibium, Long Pepper, of each a drachm and an half; Staves-acre, Pellitory of Spain, of each two drachms; Ammoniacum, Galbanum, Bdellium, Sagapon. of each three drachms, * Mustyou put them whole into the Plaster? whole Cantharideses five drachms; Ship-pitch, Rozin, yellow Wax, of each six drachms; Turpentine as much as is sufficient to make it into a Plaster. Culpeper] A. Many people use to draw blisters in their necks for the toothache, or for Rhewns in their eyes, if they please to lay a Plaster of this there, it will do it. Emplastrum à nostratibus, Flos Vnguentorum Dictum. Page 178. in the Latin Book. Or, Flower of Ointments. The College] Take of Rozin, Perrozin, yellow wax, Sheep suet, of each half a pound, Olibanum four ounces, Turpentine two ounces and an half; Murh, Mastich of each an ounce; Camphire two drachms; white Wine half a pound, boil them into a Plaster. Culpeper] A. I found this Receipt in an old Manuscript written in the year 1513. the quantity of the Ingredients but very little altered (except analogically) and the virtue of it thus described verbatim. A. It is well clensande and well sowdande and generande the flesh, and heland more yn eight days then any other treat wool do yn a monyth, for it will suffer no corruption yn a wound, ne no dead flesh to bide thereyn; also it is good for headache and for wound yn the brain, and for all mannyr posthymes yn the head, or yn the body, for swelling of the ears, or of the cheeks, for all mannyr of sinews that is grieved, or breysyd, or sprung, and it wool draw out iron or splynts of trees, or thorns, or broken bones, or any other things that may grow yn a wound, and it is good for biting of 〈◊〉 bests, and it 〈◊〉 and healls all mannyr of boches without fawt, and it is good for sester or canker, and for noli me tangere, and it drawys out all mannyr of aching yn the lyver or reins, or milt, and helpeth the emerauds. A Plaster of Gum Elemi. Page 178. in the Latin Book. The College] Take of Gum Elemi three ounces; Perrozin, Wax, Ammoniacum, of each two ounces; Turpentine three ounces and an half; Malaga Wine so much as is sufficient, boil it to the consumption of the Wine, then add the Ammoniacum dissolved in Vinegar. Culpeper] A. The operation is the same with Arceus Lineament. A Plaster of Lapis Calaminaris. Page 178. in the Latin Book. The College] Take of Lapis Calaminaris prepared an ounce, Litharge two ounces, Ceruse half an ounce, Tutty a drachm, Turpentine six drachms; white Wax an ounce and an half; Stags suet two ounces; Frankincense five drachms; Mastic three drachms; Myrrh two drachms; Camphire a drachm and an half, make it up according to art. Culpeper.] A. Before they set down Stag's suet twice, and now they left out a sufficient quantity of it; do not they know that both Lapis Calaminar is and lethargy are of an exceeding drying nature? and that six drachms of Turpentine and two ounces of Stag's suet is not half enough to make only them two into a Plaster? If they do know it, why do they set it so down? if they do not know it, why do they meddle with what they have no skill in? and yet forsooth 'tis twopenny treason to swerve from their ridiculous Receipts; so imperious they are, just like a Spaniard that will not leave his magestical gate, even when he is whipped at cart's tail. Emplastrum ad Herniam. Page 178. in the Lat. Book The College] Take of Galls, Cypress Nuts, Pomegranate pills, Balaustines, Acacia, the seeds of Plantain, Fleawort, Watercresses, Acorn cups, Beans torrified, Birthwort long and round, Myrtles, of each half an ounce, let these be powdered, and steeped in Rose Vinegar, four days, then torrified and dried, then take of Comsry the greater and lesser, Horse tail, Woad, Cetrach, the roots of Osmond Royal, Fearn, of each an ounce, Frankincense, Myrrh, Aloes, Mastic, Mummy, of each two ounces, Bolearmenick washed in Vinegar, Lap. Calaminaris prepared, Litharge of Gold, Dragon's blood, of each three ounces, Ship-pitch two pound, Turpentine six ounces, or as much as is sufficient to make it into a Plaster according to art. Culpeper] A. The Plaster is very binding and knitting, apropriated to ruptures or bursteness, as the title of it specifies; it strengthens the 〈◊〉 and womb, stays abortion, or miscarriage in women, it consolidates wounds, and helps all diseases coming of cold and moisture. If you mix a little Diapalma with it, it will stick the better. Emplastrum Hystericum. Page 179. in the Latin Book. The College] Take of Bistort roots one pound, Wood of Aloes, yellow Sanders, Nutmegs, Barbary Kernels, Rose seeds, of each one ounce, Cinnamon, Cloves, Squinanth, Camomel flowers, of each half an ounce, Frankincense, Mastic, Alipta Moschata, Gallia Moschata, Styrax Calamitis, of each one dram, Mosch half a drachm, yellow Wax one pound and an half, Turpentine half a pound, Moschaleum four ounces, Labdanum four pound, Ship-pitch three pound, let the Labdanum and Turpentine, be added to the pitch and Wax, being melted, than the Styrax, lastly the rest in powder, and sisted, that they may be made into a Plaster according to art. Culpeper] A. I know not justly what they mean by that word [Anthera] in the Receipt, unless they mean the hairy threads in the middle of the Rose, which usually Country People call (though faslv) Rose seeds: As I take it Apothecaries call them by an apish name Anthera Rosarum, of the Greek 〈◊〉, the flowers of Roses. But indeed Ancients, as Galen etc. gave the word Anthera to many Compound medicines that had no Roses at all in them: but I cannot stand to dispute the story here. The plaster being applied to the navel, is a means to withstand the fits of the mother in such women as are subject to them, by retaing the womb in its place. Emplastrum de Mastiche. Page 179. in the Latin Book. Or, A Plaster of Mastich. The College] Take of Mastic three ounces, Bolearmenick washed in black Wine, an ounce and an half, red Roses six drachms, Ivory, Myrtle berries, red Coral, of each half an ounce, Turpentine, Colophonia, Tachamahacca, Labdanum, of each two ounces, yellow Wax half a pound, Oil of Myrtles, four ounces, make it a Plaster according to art. Culpeper] A. It is a binding Plaster, strengthens the stomach, being applied to it, and helps such as loathe their victuals, or cannot digest it, or retain it till it be digested. Emplastrum de Meliloto Simplex. Page 180. in Lat. B. Or, A Plaster of Melilot Simple. The College.] Take of Rosin eight pound, yellow Wax four pound, Sheep's Suet two pound, these being melted, add green Melilot cut small, five pound, make it a Plaster according to art. Culpeper] A. It is a gallant drawing and healing Plaster, no way offensive to any part of the body, it cleanseth wounds of their filth, ripeneth swellings, and breaks them, and cures them when it hath done, it is special good for those swellings vulgarly in London called Felons, in Suffex Andicoms, only have a care of applying it to the legs, because of its drawing quality, to any other part of the body, in a sore that hath any putrefaction in it, it is none of the worst Plasters. Implastrum de Meliloto Compositum. P. 180. in L. B Or, A Plaster of Melilot Compound. The College] Take of Melilot flowers six drams, Chamomel flowers, the seeds of Fenugreek, Bay berries husked, Marshmallow roots, the tops of Wormwood and Marjoram, of each three drachms, the seeds of Smallage, Ammi, Cardamons, the roots of Orris, Cyperus, Spicknard, Cassia Lignea, of each one dram and an half, Bdellium five drachms, beat them all into fine powder, the Pulp of Twelve Figs, and incorporate them with a pound and an half of Melilot Plaster Simple, Turpentine an ounce and an half, Amoniacum dissolved in Hemlock Vinegar, three ounces, 〈◊〉 five drachms, Oil of Marjoram, and Nard, of each half an ounce, or a sufficient quantity, make it into a Plaster with a hot mortar and pestle, without boiling. Culpeper] A. It mollifies the hardness of the stomach liver spleen, bowels and other part of the body; it wonderfully assuageth pain, and easeth hypocondriac melancholy, and the Rickets. Emplastrum de minio Compositum. P. 180. in Lat. B. Or, A Plaster of red lead Compound. The College] Take of Oil of Roses, Omphacine twenty ounces, Oil of Mastic two ounces, Suet of a Sheep and a Calf, of each half a pound, Litharge of Gold and Silver, red Lead, of each two ounces, a taster full of Wine, boil them by a gentle fire, continually stirring it, till it grow black, let the fire be hottest towards the latter end, then add Turpentine half a pound, Mastic two ounces, Gum Elemi one ounce, white Wax as much as is sufficient, boil them a little, and make them into a Plaster accordiag to art. Culpeper. A. It potently cures wounds, old malignant ulcers, and is very drying. Emplastrum de minio Simplicius. Pag. 181. in Lat. B. Or, A Plaster of red Lead Simple. The College] Take of red Lead nine ounces, Oil of red Roses, one pound and an half, white Wine Vinegar six ounces, boil it into the perfect body of a Plaster. It is prepared without Vinegar thus, Take of red Lead one pound, Oil of Roses one pound and an half, Wax half a pound, make it into a Plaster according to art. Culpeper] A. It is a fine cooling healing Plaster, and very drying. Emplastrum Metroproptoticon. Pag. 181. in Lat. B. The College] Take of Mastic one ounce and an half, Galbanum dissolved in red Wine and strained, six drachms, Cypress, Turpentine two drachms, Cypress Nuts, Galls of each one drachm and an half, Oil of Nutmegs by expression one drachm, Musk two grains and an half, Pitch scraped off from old Ships, two drachms and an half, 〈◊〉, the Galbanum, Pitch, Turpentine, and Mastic, gently in a hot mortar and Pestle, towards the end, adding the Oil of Nutmegs than the rest in powder, last of all the Musk mixed with a little Oil of Mastic upon a Marble, and by exact mixture make them into a Plaster. Culpeper] A. It was invented (as I suppose) to comfort and strengthen the retentive faculty in the stomach and belly, and therefore stays looseness and vomiting, and helps the fits of the mother, being applied to the navel. Emplastrum Nervinum. Page 181. in the Latin Book. The College] Take of Oil of Chamomel, and Roses, of each two ounces, of Mastic, Tur pentine, and Linseeds, of each an ounce and an half, Turpentine boiled four ounces, Suet of a * By all means let a Sowgelder view it first. Gelt Calse, and of a He Goat, of each two ounces and an half, 〈◊〉: Bettony, Horstail, 〈◊〉 the less, of each an handful, Earthworms washed and cleansed in Wine, three ounces, tops 〈◊〉 〈◊〉. John's 〈◊〉 a handful, Mastic, Gum Elemi, Maddir roots, of each 〈◊〉 drachms, Ship-pitch, 〈◊〉, of each an ounce and an half, Litharge of Gold and Silver, of each two ounces and an half, red Led two ounces, Galbanum, Sagapen. Amoniacum, of each three drams, boil the Roots, Herbs, and 〈◊〉, in a pound and an half of Wine, till half be consumed, then press them out, and boil the decoction again, with the Oils Suets, lethargy, and 〈◊〉 Lead, to the consumption of the Wine, then add the 〈◊〉 dissolved in Wine, afterwards the Turpentine, Rosin, Pitch, and Mastic, in powder, and make them into a Plaster according to art. Culpeper. A. It strengthens the brain and nerves, and then being applied to the back, down along the bone, it must needs add strength to the body. Emplastrum Oxycroceum. Page 182. in the Latin B. The College] Take of 〈◊〉, Ship-pitch, Colophonta, yellow Wax, of each four ounces, Turpentine, Galbanum, Ammoniacum, Myrrh, Olibanum, Mastich, of each one ounce and three drachms, let the Pitch and Colophonia be melted together, then add the Wax, than (it being removed from the fire) the Turpentine, afterwards the Gums dissolved in Vinegar, lastly the Saffron in powder, well mixed with Vinegar, and so make it into a Plaster according to art. Culpeper] A. It is of a notable sostening & discussing quality, helps broken bones, and any parts 〈◊〉 with cold, old aches, stifness of the limbs by reason of wounds, ulcers, fractures, or dislocations, and dissipates cold swellings. Emplastrum de Ranis. Page 182. in the Latin Book. Or, a Plaster of Frogs. The College] Take six Live Frogs, Worms washed in white Wine, three ounces and an half, Oil of Chamomel, Dill, Spicknard, 〈◊〉, of each two ounces, Oil of Saffron one ounce, of Bays, one ounce and an half, the fat of an Hog, and a Calf, of each one pound, Viper's 〈◊〉 two ounces and an half, 〈◊〉 five drachms, Frankincense ten drachms, Juice of the roots of 〈◊〉, and Dwarff Elder, of each two ounces, Squindnith, Stoechas, Mugwort, of each one handful, Wine two pound, boil them to the consumption of the Wine, strain it, and add one pound of lethargy of Gold, Turpentine three ounces, white Wax as much as it sufficient to make it into a Plaster, adding in the 〈◊〉 when it is removed from 〈◊〉 fire, Liquid Styrax an ounce and an half, stirring it about with spatule; 〈◊〉, the Mass being warm, ad Quicksilver four ounces, killed in the Turpentine, and Liquid Styrax, and incorporate them very well together. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉. Page 183. in the Lat. Book. The College] Take of wild cucumber roots three ounces, Sulphur vivum, Cumin-seeds, of each two ounces, Euphorbium one ounce and an half, beat them all into very fine powder, which incorporate with Burgundy, Pitch twenty eight 〈◊〉, over a gentle fire, stirring it with a 〈◊〉, adding at the end, 〈◊〉 of Showbread three ounces, make it into a 〈◊〉 according to art. Culpeper] A. This Plaster will go near to cure, what ever 'tis applied to, but a halter will do it a great deal sooner, and cheaper. Sparadrap seu tela Galteri. Page 183. in the Latin B. The College] Take Oil of Roses half a pound, Ram's Suet four ounces, Wax ten ounces, 〈◊〉, Per-rosin, Frankincense, Mastic, of each two ounces, Bowl Armenick, fine Flower, of each one ounce, boil the Oil, Suet, and Litharge together, and when they are well incorparated, then make them all into a Plaster according to art, in which being hot dip your tents. Culpeper] A. I never knew it used, yet it dries. Emplastrum Stephaniaion. Page 183. in the Latin B The College] Take of Labdanum half an ounce, Styrax, 〈◊〉 Gum, of each two drachms, Amber, Cypress, Turpentine, of each one drachm, red Coral, Mastic, of each half a drachm; the flowers of Sage, red Roses, the roots of Orris Florentine, of each 〈◊〉 scruple, Rosin washed in Rosewater, half an ounce, the Rosin, 〈◊〉, 〈◊〉 Gum, and Turpentine, being gently beaten in a hot 〈◊〉, with a hot 〈◊〉, sprinkling in a few drops of red Wine, till they are in a body, then put in the 〈◊〉, and by 〈◊〉 〈◊〉, make them into an exact Plaster. Emplastrum Sticticum. Page 184. in Lat Book. The College] Take of Oil of Olives six ounces, yellow Wax an ounce and an half, Litharge in 〈◊〉 four ounces and an half, Ammoniacum, 〈◊〉, of each half an ounce, 〈◊〉, 〈◊〉, Oil of Bays, Lapis 〈◊〉, both sorts of 〈◊〉, Myrrh, Frankincense, of each two drachms, 〈◊〉 Turpentine an ounce: Let the Oil, Wax, and Litharge, be boiled 〈◊〉 till 〈◊〉 stick not to your fingers, than the mass being removed from the fire, and cooled a little, and the Gums dissolved in while Wine 〈◊〉, which evaporate away by boiling, strain it strongly, then add the 〈◊〉, 〈◊〉, and Oil of 〈◊〉, 〈◊〉 it may be made into a Plaster according to art. Culpeper] A. It strengthen the nerves, draw out corruption, take away pains and 〈◊〉, and restores strength to members that have lost it: the last is most effectual. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉. Page 184. L. B. Or, A Stomach Plaster. The College] Take of Mints, 〈◊〉, 〈◊〉, Bay leaves, of each a drachm, 〈◊〉, 〈◊〉 Roses, yellow 〈◊〉, of each two drachms, Calamus 〈◊〉, wood of 〈◊〉, 〈◊〉 flowers, 〈◊〉, 〈◊〉, 〈◊〉, 〈◊〉 〈◊〉, 〈◊〉, of each a drachm, Mastic three drachms, Cloves two drams 〈◊〉 an half, Oil of Mints an ounce and 〈◊〉 〈◊〉, Oil of Nard an ounce, Oil of 〈◊〉 a dram, Rozin, Wax, of each fonr ounces, 〈◊〉 three ounces, Styrax half an ounce, make it into a Plaster. Culpeper.] A. Both this and the other of that name which you shall have by and by, strengthen the stomach exceedingly, help digestion, and stay vomiting. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉. Page 185. in Lat. Book. The College] Take of dry pitch two 〈◊〉, Wax one pound, Per-vozin, half a pound, 〈◊〉 of Foenugreek, roots of black Chameleon or Briony of each four ounces, 〈◊〉 seeds, 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 two ounces, make it into a 〈◊〉 according to art. Culpeper] A. A pretty Plaster and good for little. Such Plasters as their Worships (being wise) thought fit to leave out, are these. Emplastrum 〈◊〉, or 〈◊〉. Nich. Alex. The College] Take of Pitch scraped from a Ship that hath been a long time at Sea, yellow wax, of each seven drachms; Sagapenum six drachms; Ammoniacum, Turpentine, Colophonia, Saffron, of each four drachms; Aloes, Olibanum, Myrrh, of 〈◊〉 three drachms; Styrax Calamitys, Mastich, Opapanax, Galbanum, Alum, the seeds of 〈◊〉, of each two drachms; the settle or feeces of liquid Styrax, Bdellium, of each one drachm; Litharge half a drachm. Culpeper] A. It is of a gentle emollint nature, prevails against stops of the stomach coming of cold, hardness of the spleen, coldness of the liver and matrix. Emplastrum Gracia Dei. Nicholaus. Or, the Grace of God. The College] Take of Turpentine half a pound; Rozin one pound; white Wax four ounces; Mastic an ounce; fresh Betony, 〈◊〉, and 〈◊〉, of each a handful: Let the Herbs being bruised, 〈◊〉 sufficiently boiled in white Wine, the Liquor pressed out, in which let the Wax and Rozin be boiled to the consumption of the Liquor; being taken from the fire, let the Turpentine be mixed with it; lastly the Mastic in powder, and so make of them a Plaster according to art. Culpeper] A. It is excellent good in 〈◊〉 and green ulcers, for it keeps back 〈◊〉, 〈◊〉 and joineth wounds, fills up ulcers with flesh. Alas poor men, they have left out the Grace of God; it seems they are past Grace. Emplastrum de Janua, or of Betony. Nicholaus. The 〈◊〉] Take of 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 of Betony, Plantain, and Smallage, of each one pound; Wax, Pitch, Rozin, Turpentine, of each half a pound: boil the Wax and Rozin in the Juices with a gentle fire, continually stirring them till the Juice be consumed, then add the Turpentine and Pitch, continually stirring it till it be brought into the consistence of a Plaster according to art. Culpeper] A. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 of 〈◊〉 (or 〈◊〉 I am mistaken) it matters not much which. It is a gallant plaster for pains in the head, and to recruit an 〈◊〉 brain, helps green wounds, 〈◊〉 inflammations, strengthens the liver. Emplastrum Isis Epigoni. 〈◊〉. The College] Take of 〈◊〉 wax an hundred drachms; Turpentine two hundred drachms; scales of Copper, 〈◊〉, 〈◊〉 〈◊〉, 〈◊〉, 〈◊〉 〈◊〉, 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉, of each eight drachms; 〈◊〉 〈◊〉, 〈◊〉 〈◊〉, 〈◊〉, 〈◊〉, 〈◊〉, of each 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and 〈◊〉 half; 〈◊〉 Oil 〈◊〉 pound, sharp Vinegar 〈◊〉 much 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉, let the metals 〈◊〉 dissolved in the Sun 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉, 〈◊〉 put in those 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 last of all the 〈◊〉, and make them all 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉. Culpeper] A. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 ulcers 〈◊〉. I know no 〈◊〉 but why it 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 well serve for other parts of the body. A 〈◊〉 of 〈◊〉. Nich. 〈◊〉. The College] Take of 〈◊〉, 〈◊〉 〈◊〉, 〈◊〉, 〈◊〉, of each six 〈◊〉, 〈◊〉, 〈◊〉 〈◊〉, 〈◊〉, 〈◊〉, 〈◊〉, 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 of each three 〈◊〉, 〈◊〉, 〈◊〉, Styrax Calamitis, Alum; (Rondeletius appoints, and we for him) Bitumen, Foenugreek, of each two drams; the feeces of Liquid Styrax, Bdellium, lethargy, of each half a drachm: Let the lethargy being beaten into Powder, be boiled in a sufficient quantity of Water, then add the Pitch, which being 〈◊〉, ad the Wax and 〈◊〉, 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉, 〈◊〉, 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉, 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and feeces being mixed with the Turpentine, last of all the Colophonia, Mastich, Frankincense, Bdellium, Alum, Myrrh, and Foenugreck in Powder, let them be made into a Plaster. Culpeper] A. It strengthens the stomach, and helps digestion. Emplastrum nigrum. August. Called in High Dutch Stichpflaster. The College] Take of Colophonia, Rozin, Ship-Pitch, white Wax, Roman Vitriol, Ceruse, Olibanum, Myrrh, of each eight ounces; Oil of Roses seven 〈◊〉; ; 〈◊〉 〈◊〉, Mummy, of each two ounces; Earth of Lemnos, Mastich, Dragon's blood, of each one ounce; the fat of an Heron one ounce,; the fat of * Akind of Fish. Timullus three ounces; Loadstone prepared two ounces; Earthworms prepared, Campbire, of each one ounce: make them into a Plaster according to art. Culpeper] A. It is very good (say they) in green wounds and pricks. Emplastrum Sanctum. Andr. è Cruse. A. A holy Plaster composed by Andrew of the Gollows. The College] Take of Perrozin twelve ounces; Oil of Bays, Turpentine, of each two ounces; Gum 〈◊〉 four ounces: Let the Rozin and Gum be melted over the fire in a brass pan stirring it with a brass instrument, then add Oil of Bays and Turpentine, boil it a little, then put it in a linen bag, and that which drops through keep in a glazed pot for your use. Culpeper] A. The virtues are the same with Arceus his Lineament. Emplastrum sine Pari. The College] Take of Frankincense, Bellium, Styrax, of each three drachms; Ammoniacum, Galbanum of each one drachm and an half; Ship pitch, six drachms; the Marrow of a Stag, sat of Hens and Geese, of each two drachms; Sulphur 〈◊〉 washed in Milk, Hermodactils in powder, of each a drachm and an half: Let the Gums be dissolved in white Wine, (not in Vinegar, because that is inimical to the nerves) and with two parts of Oil of Roses complete, and one part of Oil of Eggs, and a little Oil of Turpentine, make it into a Plaster according to art. A Plaster for the Stomach. Mesue. The College] Take of wood of Aloes, Wormwood, Gum Arabic, Mastic, Cyperus, Costus, Ginger, of each half an ounce; Calamus Aromaticus, Olibanum, Aloes of each three drachms; Cloves, Mace, Cinnamon, Spicknard, Nutmegs, Gallia Moschata, Schananthus, of each one drachm and an half; with Rob of Quinces make it into an Emplaster: And when you have spread it upon a Cloth, perfume it with wood of Aloes, and apply it to your stomach. A Cerecloath of Ammoniacum. The College] Take of Ammoniacum dissolved in Vinegar an ounce; Unguentum de Althaeae, Melilot Plaster, of each half an ounce; Bran an ounce; powder of the Roots of Briony, and Orris, of each half an ounce, the Grease of Ducks, Geese, and Hens, of each three drachms; Oil of Orris one ounce and an half: Let them boil gently in the Mussilages of Lin and Foenugrelk seeds so much as is sufficient: by adding Wax four ounces, make it into a Cerecloath according to art. Culpeper.] A. It assuageth swellings, or ripens und breaks them, and easeth pains thereby coming. Ceratum Stomachium. Galen. The College] Take of red Roses, Mastich, of each twenty drachms: dried wormwood fifteen drachms: Spicknard ten drachms: Wax four ounces: Rose Water so much as is sufficien: Oil of Roses a pound and an half: Let it boil so till it be like an Ointment: Then add Oil of Roses eight ounces; Wax fourteen ounces; the Powders afore mentioned (excepting the Mastic which must be melted in the Oil of Roses) of all of them used in this manner, make a Cerecloath according to art. Culpeper] A. It strengthens the stomach and liver, easeth their pains, provokes appetite to ones meat, and helps digestion. A. And thus you see I have left out Vigo his nonsense, or his most excellent Plaster of Vinegar and Saffron in which is no Saffron, there being other things in the book ridiculous enough, if you are disposed to laugh. CHEMICAL OILS, AND OTHER CHEMICAL LIQUORS. OIL of HERBS and FLOWERS. Culpeper] A. I Desire you to take notice before I begin, that Chemical Oils generally are not to be taken alone by themselves by reason of their vehement heat and burning, but mixed with other convenient medicines. A. 2. They carry the very same virtues the Simples do, but are far more prevalent, as having far more spirit in them and far less earthly dross. A. 3. The general way of taking them, is to drop two or three drops of them in any convenient liquor or other medicine, which the last Table will fit you with, and so take it; for some of them are so hot (as Oil of Cinnamon) that two or three drops will make a dish of pottage so hot of the Simple that you can hardly eat them. Oil of Wormwood. The College.] Take of dried Wormwood a pound, spring water twenty pound, steep them twenty four hours, and distil them in a great Alembick, with his refrigeratory, or a Copper one with a Worm, let the Oil be separated from the Water with a Funnel, or separating glass as they call it, and let the Water be kept for another distillation. Let two or three of the first pounds of Water be kept for the Physician's use, both in this, and other Chemical Oils drawn with Water. Culpeper.] A. Your best way to learn to still Chemical Oils, is to learn of an Alchemist: for I rest confident the greatest part of the College had no more skill in Chemistry than I have in building houses, but having found out certain models in old rusty Authors, tell people S O they must be done. I can teach a man S O, how to build a house: first he may lay the foundation, then rear up the sides, then join the rafters, then build the Chimneys, tile the top, and plaster the walls; but how to do one jot of this I know not: And so play the College here: for the Alchemists have a better way by far to draw them: the truth is, I am in a manner tied to their method here, from which I may not step aside; if my Country kindly accept this, (which is the beginning of my labours) I may happily put forth something else for the Ingenious to whet their wits upon; Only here I quote the Oils in the College order, and then quote the virtue of the chiefst of them, that so the Reader may know by a penny how a shilling is coined. The College] In the same manner are prepared Oils of Hyssop, Marjoram, Mints, garden water Cresses, Origanum, Penyroyal, Rosemary, Rue, Savin, Sage, Savory, Time etc. the Flowers of Chamomel, Lavender etc. Culpeper] A. I shall instance here only Oil of Lavender, commonly called Oil of Spike, which helps the running of the reins they being 〈◊〉 with it; it expels worms, two drops of it being taken in Wine, the region of the back being anointed with it, it helps the Palsy. For all the rest see the virtues of the Herbs themselves. After the same manner are made Oil of dried Barks. The College] Of Oranges, Citrons, Lemons; But it is better prepared of the Barks, being green and full of Juice, separated from the internal white part, bruised, and with a sufficient quantity of Simple distilled water, so will the Oil be drawn easter, and in greater plenty, and no less fitting for the Physician's use. Oil or fat of Roses, commonly called Spirit of Roses. The College] Take as many fresh Damask Roses as you will, infuse them twenty four hours, in a sufficient quantity of warm water, after you have pressed them out, repeat the infusion certain times, till the Liquor be strong enough, which distil in an alembic with his refrigeratory, or a Copper with his worm, separate the Spirit from the water, and keep the water for another infusion. So may you draw Spirit from Damask Roses, pickled in Salt, as also Spirit of red Roses. Culpeper] A. 'Tis a good perfume. OIL of SEEDS. Oil of Dill. Seeds. The College] Take of Dill seeds bruised two pound, spring Water twenty pound, steep them twenty 〈◊〉 〈◊〉, than 〈◊〉 them in a Copper Still, or an alembic with his 〈◊〉, separate the Oil from the Water with a 〈◊〉, and keep the water for a new distillation. So also is prepared Oil of the seeds of Annis, Laraway, Cummin, Carrots, Fennel, Parsly, Saxifrage, etc. Culpeper] A. Oil of Annls seeds although it be often given and happily with good success in vertigoes or dissiness in the head, yet its chief operation is upon the breast and lungs, it helps narrowness of the breast, rawness and wind in the stomach, all infirmities there, coming of cold and wind, strengthens the nerves; six drops is enough at a time, taken in broth or any other convenient liquor. 〈◊〉. As Annis seeds are apropriated to the breast, so are Fennel seeds to the head, the Oil of which cleanseth the brain of cold infirmities, 〈◊〉, iudisposition of the body, numbness, want of motion, also it helps the stomach and expels wind. A. Cummin seeds, the Oil of them is a great expeller of wind, nothing better; it also wonderfully caseth pains of the spleen, pains in the reins and bladder, stopping of urine especially if it come of wind, and is a present remedy for the colic; for the way of taking of them see Annis seeds. The College] So also are made Oil of Spices, as of Cinnamon, Cloves, Mace, Nutmegs, Pepper etc. Culpeper] A. One or two drops of Oil of Cinnamon is 〈◊〉 to take at a time, and is exceeding good for such as are in consumptions. See [Cinnamon] among the Simples. A. Oil of Maco is excellent good for Rheums in the head: and Oil of Pepper for the Colic. The College] Also Oils of Aromatical woods, as of Sassafras, and Rhodium, etc. OIL of BERRIES. Oil of Juniper Berries. The College] Take of fresh Juniper berries fifty pound, bruise them and part them in a wooden Vessel, with twenty four pound of spring water, sharp leaven one pound, keep them in a Cellar three months, the vessel being close stopped, then distil them in an alembic, with a sufficient quantity of Simple water, after the Oil is separated, keep the water for a new distillation. After the same manner is made Oil of Bay berries, Ivy berries etc. Or you may draw Oil from the aforenamed berries bruised and steeped twenty four hours in warm water, adding six pound of water, or if the berries be very dry, ten pound of water to each pound of berries, and stilling them as before. Culpeper] A. Oil of Juniper berries, prevails wonderfully in pains of the yard, and running of the reins, the falling sickness, it is a mighty preservative against the pestilence, and all evil airs, it purgeth the reins, provokes urine, breaks the stone, helps the dropsy: the quantity to be taken at a time in any convenient liquor, is three or four drops; outwardly by unction it helps the gout; two or three drops dropped upon the navel helps the Colic. A. Oil of Bay berries helps the Colic and iliack passion. A. Oil of Ivy berries helps cold 〈◊〉 of the joints, the 〈◊〉 one, and provokes the terms 〈◊〉 〈◊〉. Use them as Juniper Oil. Oil of Turpentine. The College] Take of Venus' Turpentine as 〈◊〉 as you will, put it into an alembic, with four times its weight in common Water, still it with a convenient fire, and draw off a white thin Oil like water, the Colophonia will remain in the bottom of the vessel, this Oil 〈◊〉 be drawn into a bath, 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 from burning in a 〈◊〉 still. Culpeper] A. It is wonderful good in cold afflictions of the nerves, and all diseases coming of cold and wind, it corrects the cold afflictions of the lungs, as Asthmaes, difficulty of breathing etc. A drachm being taken in the morning: outwardly it adorns the body, takes away the prints of scabs, and the small pocks, chaps in the skin and breasts of women, and deafness being dropped into the 〈◊〉. Oil of 〈◊〉 The College] Take of Mirth bruised, 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 of each six pound, dissolve them in sixty pound of spring water, and still them in a Copper still, 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 bick. Culpeper] It keeps wounds (and all things else 〈◊〉 Fioravantus) from 〈◊〉, it 〈◊〉 the 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and youthful, quickly cures wounds, and 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 dropped into the ears. Oil of Guajacum. The College] Take of 〈◊〉 in gross powder, as much as you will, put it in a retort, and still it in Sand, the Oil that cames first out, because 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and sweeter keep it by its self, which by 〈◊〉 with much water will yet be sweeter. The same things are to be observed in the distillation of Box, and Oak, and other solid woods, as also Oil of Tartar, with its 〈◊〉 Spirit, which 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 be distilled out of Crystal of Tartar in the same 〈◊〉. Oil of Wax. The College] Take of yellow Wax melted one pound, with which mix three pound of Tiles in powder, draw out the Oil in Sand with a 〈◊〉, which rectify with water. Culpeper] A. I am of Opinion that Oil of Wax, is as singular remedy for burns, and 〈◊〉 ulcers, as any is, or need to be. The College] After the same manner is 〈◊〉 Oil of Fats, and Gums, and Rosins, which cannot be 〈◊〉 into powder, as Ammoniacum, 〈◊〉, 〈◊〉, Sagapen, Liquid Styrax, Tacha 〈◊〉 etc. Oleum Latericium Phylosophorum. Page 190. in L. B. The College] Take of Bricks broken in pieces, as big as an Hen's egg, heat them red hot, and 〈◊〉 them in old Oil, where let them lie till they be 〈◊〉, then beat them into fine Powder, and still them in a glass retort, with a fit receiver, give fire to it by degrees, and keep the Oil in a glass Close stopped. Culpeper] A. The Oil will quickly penetrate, and is a sovereign remedy for the gout, and all cold afflions in the joints or nerves, cramps, epilepsies, or falling sickness, palsies; it mollifies hard swellings, dissolves cold swellings, as also cold distempers of the spleen, reins and bladder. Oleum Succini. Page 191. in the Latin Book. Or, Oil of Amber. The College] Take of yellow Amber one part, burnt Flints, or powder of Tiles two parts, distil them in a retort in Sand, keep the while clear Oil which comes out first by itself, then distil it on, till all come out, keep both Oils severally, and rectify them with water: gather the Salt of Amber which sticks to the neck of the retort, and being purged by Solution, Filtration, and Coagulation, according to art keep it for use. Culpeper] A. It speedily helps all afflictions of the nerves, and convulsions, falling sickness etc. Being given in convenient liquors, it is a singular remedy against poison and pestilent air, diseases of the reins and bladder, the fits of the mother; the nose being anointed with it, the colic; it causeth speedy labour to women in travail being taken in Vervain Water, it strengthens the body exceedingly, as also the brain and senses and is of an opening nature. The College] 〈◊〉 is distilled oil of * Hold learned College do not go about to teach an Alchemist thus in your chemical shop you have erected in in your College garden, if you do, you will break your brains, and so of fools turn mad men. Jet, and of Gums and Rosins, which may be powdered, as Benjamin, Mastich, Frankincense, etc. Culpeper] A. Having perused these Oils following, I would willingly have left them quite 〈◊〉, I mean, the manner allotted by the College to make them. A. 1. Because I fear they and the truth are Separatists. A. 2. Because the Ignorant will know as well how to make them as they did before, when I have done what I can. A. 3. As to Alchemists (to whose profession the making of them belongs) I shall seem like Phormio the Philosopher, who never having seen 〈◊〉, undertook to 〈◊〉 Military 〈◊〉 before 〈◊〉, who was one of the best Soldiers in the world; But I am in a manner forced to it. He that is able to understand the Receipt, is able to understand that the failings are not mine, but the Colleges. Oleum 〈◊〉 Butyrum Antimonii. Page 191. in Lat. B. Oil or Butter of Antimony. The College] Take of crude Antimony, Mercury sublimate, of each one pound, beat them into powder, and put them in a glass retort, with a large neck, give fire by degrees into a reverberatory, or else in Sand, the Fat will distil down into the receiver, that part of which that sticks to the neck of the 〈◊〉, will 〈◊〉 be melted, by putting a gentle fire under it; let this fat be rectified in a small retort, and kept either in an open Phiol, or in a Cellar or other moist place, that it 〈◊〉 be 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Oil, which must be kept in a vessel close stopped. Oleum Arsenici. Page 191. in Lat. Book. Or, Oil of Arsenic. The College] Take of Crystalline, Arsenic first sublimated with Colcother alone, mix it with an equal part of Salt of Tartar, and Saltpetre, calcine it between two pots, the uppermost of which, hath a hole through, till no smoke 〈◊〉, dissolve the matter so calcined in warm water that you may draw out the salt, moisten the Powder which resides at the bottom with Liquor Tartari, and dry it by the fire, do so three times, then dissolve the matter again that you may draw out the salt, and there will remain a white powder and fixed, which being kept in a moist place will dissolve into a moist substance like Oil or Butter. Oleum Salis. Page 192. in the Latin Book. Or, Oil of Salt. The College] Take of French, or Spanish Bay salt, as much as you will, dissolve it in water and filter it, and having then put it in a Copper vessel, mix with the Brine fine Powder of tiles 〈◊〉 bricks two or three times the weight of the Salt before it was dissolved, and set it upon hot coals, and let the water evaporate away (continually stirring it) till it be very dry, 〈◊〉 put the Powder into a glass Retort well luted, placed in a furnace with a fit receiver, giving fire by degrees, to the height, for the space of twelve hours, so shall you have an Oil, or sharp spirit of Salt in the receiver, rectify this by separating the 〈◊〉 in a retort in sand, and keep it close stopped for use. Culpeper] A. Being mixed with Turpentine and applied outwardly, it helps the gout; three drops taken every morning in convenient Liquor, preserves youth, consumes the dropsy, resists fevers, convulsions, and the falling-sickness; being mixed with Oyhtments, it is exceeding good in ruptures and dislocations. Oleum Sulphuris. Page 192. in the Latin Book. Or, Oil of Sulphur. The College] It is prepared in a Bell still by 〈◊〉 burning and consuming of Brimstone, by which a sharp spirit beating against the sides of the still, will turn into liquor, and 〈◊〉 down like water or oil, the orderly disposing of the still and 〈◊〉, and other commodities belonging to this operation, we leave to the 〈◊〉 of the Artificer. Culpeper] A. Prevails against diseases coming of cold, putrefaction or wind, fevers, ague, tertian, quartan or quotidian, pestilence; wounds and ulcers, affects of the brain, mouth, teeth, liver, stomach, spleen, matrix, bladder, entrails, and arteries coming of abundance of humours or putrefaction; outwardly applied it helps 〈◊〉, ulcers of the mouth, and 〈◊〉; the way to take it inwardly is thus, dip the top of a feather in the Oil, and wash it in the liquor or decoction you give it in; in quotidian agues, give it in wine, in which Rosemary or Mints or both have been 〈◊〉; in 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in 〈◊〉 〈◊〉. Centaury hath been boiled; in quartan agues, in Bugloss water; in all of them a little before the fit come: in pestilences, in Wine in which Rhadishes have been boiled, mingled with a little Venice Treacle; in the falling-sickness, with decoction of Betony or Peony; in coughs with decoction of Nettle seed and Hyssop, both of them made with Wine; for phlegm in Wormwood Water; for the wind colic, in Chamomel flower water; for dropsies and cold livers, in Selondine water and Honey; for the 〈◊〉 and stoppage of the spleen, in Tamamaris Water: for the French pox, in Fumitory or Broom-flower water: against worms, in Grass or Wormwood water: for the fits of the mother, in decoction of Betony or Featherfew in Wine: for suppression of Urine, in decoction of Garlic with Wine: for the gout, in decoction of Chamepitys Wine; in wounds and ulcers, the place is lightly to be touched with a feather wet in the Oil: if a hollow toothache, put a drop into it, if all your teeth ache make a decoction of Mints in Wine and put a drop or two of this Oil to it, and hold it warm in your mouth. Oleum Vitrioli. Page 192. in the Latin Book. Or, Oil of Vitriol. The College] Take Ungarick or English Vitriol of the best, as much as you will, melt it in an Earthen vessel glazed, and exhale away all the moisture, continually stirring it, and so bring it into a yellow powder, which is to be put in earthen Retorts that will endure the fire, placed in an open furnace, give fire by degrees, even to the height for three days, till the receiver which before was full of smoke be clear, rectify the liquor from the 〈◊〉 in sand, and keep the strong and pouderous Oil by itself. Culpeper] A. It must be mixed with other medicines, for it kills being taken alone; it assuageth thirst, allayeth the violent heat in fevers and pestilences, and a few drops of it gives a pleasant grateful taste to any medicine. Aqua fortis. Page 192. in the Latin Book. The College] Take of Vitriol prepared, as for Oil of Vitriol two pound; Salt peter purged one pound; beat them together, and put them in a Retort well luted, place it in a furnace with a large receiver, and giving fire to it distil it by degrees for twenty four hours, rectify the water in sand. Aqua Mellis. Page 193. in Lat. Book. Or, Water of Honey. The College] Take of the best Honey sour pound; dry Sand two pound: distil it in a glass still, so capacious that the matter take up only the fist part of it, draw off the phlegm in a bath, then increase the fire, and draw off the yellowish water. Culpeper.] A. Paracelsus adviseth it to be drawn five times over, and calls it Quintessence of Honey, and extols the virtues of it to the skies; saith, it will revive dying men: which Mr. Charles Butler of Hamshire also affirms. Liquor seu Liquamen Tartari, seu Oleum Tartari Per Deliquium. Page 193. in Lat. Book. Or, Liquor of Tartar. The College] Take of Tartar of white Wine calcined till it be white as much as you will, put it in Hypocrates his sleeve, and hang it in a moist Cellar that the Tartar may dissolve, putting a vessel under it to receive it, dissolve what remains in the sleeve in common water, filter it, and evaporate it away till it begin to be like Alum, then use that like the former. Culpeper] A. This is common to be had at every Apothecaries. Virgins buy it to take away the Sunburn and freckles from their faces. It takes off the rust from Iron, and preserves it bright a long time. Oleum Mirrhae per Deliquium. Page 193. in L. B. Or, Oil of Myrrh. The College] Boyl Hens Eggs till they be hard, then cut them through the middle of the length, take out the yolk and fill the Cavities half full of beaten Myrrh, join them again and bind them gently with a thread, place them between two dishes in a moist place, a grate being put between, so will the Liquor of the Myrrh distil down into the lower dish. Culpeper] A. You had both it and its virtues before. Only Oil of Tartar Chemical is left out. Oil of Tartar. The College] Take of Tartar so much as you will, put it into a large Retort, with that proportion, that 〈◊〉 the third part of the vessel be fid distil it in Sand with a strong fire; afterwards (the Oil being first separated from the water, or spirit, of Tartar) rectify it with much water, to correct the smell of it; let it stand open a long time in the Sun. CHEMICAL PREPARATIONS MORE FREQUENT IN USE. Antimonium cum Nitro calcinatum. Page 194. Or, Antimony calcined with Niter. College] TAke of the best Antimony one part, pure Niter two parts, bruise the Antimony, then add the Niter to it, bring them both into Powder, which burn in a Crucible, which will be most conveniently done if you put it in the red hot Crucible, with a ladle or such a like instrument, then take it out and beat it again and mix it with the same quantity of Niter as before, put it into the Crucible upon hot coals, and putting into it a live coal, fire it, stirring it with an iron thing that it may burn all about equally, and when there needs put in more fresh coals, bruise it the third time, and with the like quantity of Niter use it as before, at last beat it into powder, wash it in pure water and keep it for use. Chalybs Praeparatus. Page 194. in Lat. Book. Or, Steel prepared. Take of filings of Steel cleansed with a Loadstone, as much as you will, moisten them twelve times with sharp white Wine Vinegar, dry it in the Sun or a dry air, beat it in an iron mortar, and levigate it upon a Marble with a little Cinnamon water, and so bring it into a very fine powder and keep it for use. Crystal of Tartar. Page 195. in the Latin Book. Take of Tartar of white, or Rhenish Wine as much as you will, beat it in gross powder, and wash it from the dross in water, then boil it in a sufficient quantity of spring water, after you have taken away the scum, filter it, being somewhat warm through a brown paper into a glass warmed before, lest it break, then place it in a Cellar, that the Crystal may stick to the sides of the glass, the which wash in pure water and keep for use. Crocus Martis. Page 195. in the Latin Book. Heat pieces of Iron or Steel red hot, and thrust them into a great heap of Brimstone, a bazon of water being set underneath, the mettle will run out like Wax, which being separated from the Sulphur, beat into very fine powder in an Iron mortar, which put into foursquare earthen pans, not above afingers breadth in deepness, set it at the flame of a reverberatory three or four days, till it look red like a Sponge, the tops of which take away with an Iron, set the rest at the fire again, till it look so all of it. Crocus Metallorum. Page 195. in the Latin Book. Take of the best Antimony, and salt Peter, of each equal parts, beat them into powder severally, then mix them together, put them into a hot crucible with a ladle, or other convenient instrument, let it be beaten till the noise ceaseth, then remove it from the fire and cool it, than the vessel being broken, separate it from the white crust at top, and keep it for use. Flos Sulphuris. Page 196. in the Latin Book Or, Flower of Brimstone. Take of the best Brimstone, and beat it with equal parts of Colcothar of Vitriol, put it in a long earthen still, a head of glass large enough being put over it, give fire to it in sand by degrees, stirring it with a Hare's foot, it will be the purer if you iterate it with new Colcothar. Lapis infernalis. Page 196. in the Latin Book. Take of lie of which black Soap is made, and 〈◊〉 it to a stone in a frying Pan, do not consume all the humour, when it is cold cut it in the form of dice, and keep it in a glass close stopped. Otherwise. Take of Vitriol calcined to redness two ounces, Salarmoniack one ounce, Tartar calcined to whiteness, quick Lime, of each three ounces, sprinkle all of them being beaten, with lie made of Figtrees, or Spurge, or Soap, strain it often till almost all the matter be dissolved, then boil it in a brass vessel, till the moisture be consumed, that which is left keep close stopped for use. Lapis seu Sal Prunellae. Page 196. in the Latin Book. Take of pure salt peter one pound, put it in a crucible, and place coals round about it, that the niter may flow like mettle, then put in by degrees two ounces of flower of Brimstone, after the Brimstone is consumed, pour the Niter out into a brass basin, when it is cold keep it in a glass close stopped. Magisterum of Pearl and Coral. Page 196. in L. B Take of Pearl or Coral, as much as you will, levigate it into very subtle powder, to which put such a quantity of Spirit of radicate Vinegar, that it may overtop it the breadth of three or four fingers, digest it in ashes till it be dissolved, then pour off the Liquor, and put in fresh till the residue be dissolved, filter it, and put a little Liquor of Tartar to it, so will a white powder fall down to the bottom of the glass, which being separated from what is dissolved, is to be washed, first with spring water, then with Bawm or borage water. Radicate Vinegar is that which is distilled with Bay Salt in Sand. Mercurius Sublimatus Corrosivus. P. 197. in Lat. B. Mercury Sublimate Corrosiye. Take of Vitriol purified by Solution, Filtration, and Coagulation, and calcined till it be yellow one pound, Bay Salt in like manner 〈◊〉 and dried, 〈◊〉 in like 〈◊〉 purified, of each half a 〈◊〉, crude Mercury cleansed by straining through a 〈◊〉, one pound, bruise them all in a wooden mortar, with a wooden Pestle, till the Salis are in powder, and no bits of the Mercury are seen, which will be best 〈◊〉 if you do it at divers times; as for example sake, taking Vitriol and Mercury, of each one ounce, Salt and nitre, of each half an ounce at a time, and so forth, till the whole matter be brought into a powder and mixed, then put this matter into a glass body, so capacious that it fill not above the one half of it, place the glass a little above the middle in Sand, in a conveniint Furnace, give fire to it by degrees, even to the height, twelve or sixteen hours being passed, the sublimated Mercury will stick to the top of the glass, which being separated and bruised, sublimate by it sells the second and third time, and oftener if it be too impure, till it be as white as snow, and no dross mixed with it. Mercurius dulcis Sublimatus. Page 198. in Latin B. Take of Mercury sublimated as before four ounces crude Mercury three ounces, bruise them, and grind them in a wooden mortar, with a wooden pestle, till they be perfectly mixed, put them into a long Phiol, which place above the middle in Sand, put first a gentle fire under it, then increase it by degrees six hours, that the Mercury may be driven from the bottom, into the middle region of the Vial, which being separated from that at top and bottom, sublime it the second time, and the third if need be, till it have lest its acromony, and be freed from all impurity, and be as white as snow. Mercurius dulcis precipitated. Page 198. in Latin B. Take of crude Mercury, driven from Sea salt in a retort, one part: Aquafortis of our description two parts, make a dissolution according to art, mean season provide brine of Sea salt, and fair water as strong as you can make it, filter it, and put your solution of Mercury into this brine, and forth with a white powder will precipitate, which is to be washed from its acrimony in Simple distilled water, or warm spring water, dried and kept in a glass for use. Mercurius praecipitatus Corrosivus. Page 198. in L. B. Or, Corrosive precipitate. Make a dissolution of crude Mercury, and Aqua fortis as before, then evaporate it till it be dry, at last increase the fire and stir the matter with an Iron, till it be red, keep it in a glass for use. Mercurius vitae. Page 198. in the Latin Book. Take of butter of Antimony distilled according to our prescript, put it into clear water, which will forthwith be white, a milk white powder will precipitate, which is to be 〈◊〉 by much washing in warm water, and dried by a gentle beat and kept for use. Regulus Antimonii. Page 199. in the Latin Book. Take of crude Antimony, Salt peter, 〈◊〉 of 〈◊〉 equal parts, beat the Antimony a part in 〈◊〉 〈◊〉, with an Iron Pestle, then add the rest in powder, put this powder by degrees with a 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Crucible, placed amongst 〈◊〉 coals, after its 〈◊〉 shake the Crucible gently, that the Regulus may sink to the bottom, which being taken out and 〈◊〉 by degrees, and freed from the dross, keep for use. Salcharum 〈◊〉: Page 199. in the Latin Book. Put as much red Lead as 〈◊〉 〈◊〉, and put so much Vinegar to it, as may over 〈◊〉 it the breadth of four fingers, warm it, and stir it a good while, after it is settled, pour off the 〈◊〉 〈◊〉, and put 〈◊〉, do it so often 〈◊〉 no more sweetness be drawn from it, put all the liquors, 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 let them settle, then exhale it away in a glass, 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 consumed, or until, it being set in a Cellar, the Crystal appear, which having taken out, exhale it again, and set it in a Cellar or cold place, till more, 〈◊〉 〈◊〉, do so till no more appear, then dissolve the Crystal in clear water, filter and coagulate it. Sal Vitrioli. Page 199. in the Latin Book. Or, Salt of Vitriol. Reduce Ungarick, or English Vitriol being 〈◊〉 in a crucible into 〈◊〉, of an obscure purple 〈◊〉, which powder cast by degrees into a large glass, in which is either distilled, or other very clear 〈◊〉 it continually with a stick, till the water which was at first hot, is cold, then let it stand twenty four hours, than filter it, lastly 〈◊〉 it in a glass 〈◊〉, and coagulate it according to art. Turpethum Minerale. Page 200. in the Latin Book. Take of crude Mercury, Oil of Vitriol separated from all the phlegm, of each equal parts, still them in 〈◊〉, increasing the fire by degrees, till all the 〈◊〉 be flown up in the air, a white Mass remaining in the bottom, which being separated from the crude Mercury, wash in spring water, and forth with it will 〈◊〉 yellow, wash it in warm water from all its 〈◊〉, dry it, and keep it for use. Tartarum Vitriolatum. Page 200. in the Latin B. Take of liquor of Tartar four ounces, into which drop by drops two ounces of Oil of Vitriol, well rectified, so will a white powder fall to the bottom, which dry, and keep for use. Vitriolum album depuratum. Page 200. in the Lat. B. Or, White Vitriol cleansed. Dissolve white Vitriol in clear water, filter it, and coagulate it. Vitrum Antimonii. Page 200. in the Latin Book. Take of good Antimony in fine powder, and put it 〈◊〉 a large stone vessel, put fire under, till it grow into clots, beat it, and do so again, and again, always stirring it till it resemble white ashes, & smoke not at all, then take of this half a pound, Corax half an ounce, put them in a crucible, the which cover with a Tile, set it in a strong fire, till there flow a matter like water, than put it into a brass or copper vessel, and keep the glass for use. THE GENERAL WAY OF MAKING EXTRACTS. EXTRACTS may be made almost of every Medicine, whether Simple, as Herbs, Flowers, Seeds; or Compound, as Species or Pills: Therefore take of any Medicine cut or bruised, or prepared as the infusion requires, and power to it Spirit of Wine, or distilled water, as the Pbysition commands, let it stand in infusion in the heat of a bath, two days more or less according as the thickness or thinness of the 〈◊〉 requires until the tincture be sufficient, then separate the liquor and put in more as before, do so till the Medicine afford no more tincture; put all these Liquors together and filter them and exhate the humidity to the heat of a bath, till the matter be left at the bottom of the thickness of Honey to which if the Physician prescribe, you may add two scruples or half a dram of its own proper, or other convenient 〈◊〉 to every ounce of Extract that so it may keep the longer. THE WAY OF MAKING SALTS. Salt Volatle, or Essential, is thus made. TAke of any Plant when it is fresh and full of Juice a sufficient quantity, bruise it in a wooden Mortar, and a great deal of clear water being added, boil it till half be consumed, strain 〈◊〉 decoction, press it strongly and boil it to the thickness of Honey, set it in a glass or glazed vessel in a cold place eight days at least, and a Crystal Salt will arise like Sal. Gem. which gather and wash with its proper water, and dry for your use. Thus is Salt made of wormwood, Cardus, Mugwort, and other bitter Herbs; but of other Herbs with much difficnlty. Salt fixed, or Elementary, is thus made. It consists in four things, Calcination, Solution, Filtration, Coagulation. Burn the matter you would make salt of into white ashes, and berein sometimes you must have a care 〈◊〉 by too hasty burning they run to glass; then with 〈◊〉 water make the ashes into lie to draw out the Salt, filter the lie and boil it in an 〈◊〉 vessel by a 〈◊〉 〈◊〉, that the water may be exhaled and the Salt left; which Solution, Filtration, and Coagulation being repeated certain times it will be free from all impurity, and be very white. Thus is prepared Salt of Plants, and parts of living Creatures amongst which these excel; Salt of wormwood, Time, Rosemary, Centaury the less, 〈◊〉, Cardus, Masterwort, Parsly, Restharrow, Ash, Dwarf Elder, Box, 〈◊〉, St. John's wort, Cichory, Sullendine, Scurvygrass, Betony, Maudlin, Bawm, Cetrach etc. PREPARATIONS OF CERTAIN SIMPLE MEDICINES. The way of Preparing Fats. TAke of fresh fat, the veins, strings, and skins being taken away wash them so often in fair water till they be no longer bloody, then beat them well, and melt them in a double vessel, strain them and power off the water, keep it in a glass in a cold place; it will endure a year. So is also prepared Marrow taken out of fresh bones, especially in Autumn. The burning of Brass. Lay flakes of Brass in an earthen vessel, interposing Salt or Brimstone between each of them, so lay flake upon flake burn them sufficiently and wash the Ashes with warm water till they be sweet. The washing of Aloes. Put as much Aloes in powder in a glass, as you will, putting a sufficient quantity of warm water to it, that it may overtop it two or three fingers thickness, stirring it about with a Spatule, that the purer part of the Aloes may be mixed with the water, that being poured off, put in fresh warm water, and stir it in like manner, that the dross may be separated, gather those waters together, evaporate the Humidity, and keep the Mass. The preparation of Bole Armenick. Grind it small, and dissolve it so often in Rose water, till the dross and Sand be taken away, dry it in the Sun, and keep it being dried. Foecula Brioniae. Take of Bryony roots scraped, bruised, and the juice pressed out, which being, let it stand still a while in a vessel, a white powder like Starch will fall from the bottom, from which pour the water, and let it dry for use. So is Gersa Serpentaria prepared of Aron roots, and Foecula of the roots of Radishes, and Orris. May Butter. About the latter end of May, take fresh Butter without Salt, and in a glazed earthen vessel, set it in the Sun, that it may be all melted, strain it through a rag without pressing, set it in the Sun again, strain it again, and keep it a year. The preparations of Lapis Calaminaris. Heat it red hot three times in the fire, and quench it as often in Plantain and Rose water, at 〈◊〉 levigate it upon a Marble, and with the same waters make it into Balls. The washing of Lime. Bruise quicklime, put it in a pan, and mix it with sweet water, and when it is settled to the bottom, change the water, and mix it again, do so seven or eight times, filtering it every time, at last do it with Rose water, and dry the Lime. The preparation of Coral, Pearls, Crabs Eyes, and other precious Stones. Beat them in a steel mortar, and levigate them on a Marble, putting a little Rose water to them, till they are in very fine powder, then make them into Balls. The preparation of Coriander seed. Steep them twenty four hours in sharp Vinegar, then dry them. So may you prepare 〈◊〉 seed. The burning of Heart's horn, Ivory, and other bones. Burn them in a crucible till they e white, then beat them into powder, and wash them with Rose water, at last levigate them on a Marble, and make them into Troches, you may dissolve Camphire half an ounce in the last pound of Rose water, if you please. A new Preparation of them Hang them by a thread in a vessel of Aqua vitae, so as that they touch not the Liquor, then putting on the head distil it, and the vapours ascending will make them easy to be brought into powder, after many distillations. The way to make Elaterium. Take of wild Cucumbers almost ripe, and cut them with the knife upwards, and gently press out the juice with your foremost fingers, let it run through a sieve into a clean glazed vessel, let it settle, and power off the clear water into another vessel, dry the settle in the Sun and keep them for use; if you will you may keep the clear water for Unguentum de Artanita. The Preparation of the bark of Spurge Roots. Cleanse them and infuse them three days in sharp Vinegar, then dry them. So are Laurel leaves, Mezereon, and other things of that nature prepared. The Preparation of Euphorbium. Take of Euphorbium purged from the dross and powdered, put it in a glass and put so great a quantity of Juice of Lemons to it, that it may overtop it three or four fingers; then place them in a hot bath, till the Euphorbium be dissolved in the Juice, strain it through a rag, place it in a bath again, and evaporate away the juice, and keep the Euphorbium for use. The Preparation of Black Hellebore Roots. Steep such black Hellebore Roots as are brought to us, the woody pith being taken away, three days in juice of Quinces by a moderate heat, then dry them and lay them up. The Preparation of Goat's blood. Take a Goat of a middle age, and feed him a month with Burnet, Smallage, Parsley, Mallows, Lovage, and such like things, kill him in the end of Summer, about the Dog days, then take the blood which flows out of his Arteries and let it settle, pouring off the water, dry the blood in an Oven. The Burning of young Swallows. Kill young Swallows so as the blood may flow upon their wings, then sprinkle them with a little Salt and burn them in a new glazed vessel, and keed the ashes for use. So are burned Hedg-bogs, Frogs, Toags, and the like creatures. The Preparation of Lacca. Take of Lacca not cleansed, for otherwise your labour were vain, bruised a little, and boiled in water in which the Roots of long Birthwort, and Squinanth of each equal parts have been boiled, till the purer part swim at top and the dross sink to the bottom, keep that purer part, put it in a Glass and cover it, and evaporate the moisture either by the heat of the Sun, or of a 〈◊〉, and being dry keep it for your use. The preparation of Lapis 〈◊〉. Let Lapis Lazult being beaten into very fine powder, be so often washed in water, continually stirring it, till the water (after washing) remain clear without any other taste than its own. The preparation of lethargy. Let the lethargy be ground into very fine powder in a mortar, then pour clear water upon it, and stir it up and down till it be troubled and thick, then pour off that water into another vessel, and put in fresh water to the powder of the stone, 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 up and down till it be thick, and pour that water off to the former; do this so often till nothing but dross remains in the mortar, the thinner substance being all mixed with the water you poured off, let that stand and settle, so will the pure lethargy remain in the bottom, pour the water off gently, dry the lethargy and grind it upon a Marble so long, till no harshness can be discerned in it by your tongue. The preparation of Earthworms. Slit them in the middle and wash them so often in white wine till they be cleansed from their impurity, then dry them and keep them for your use. The preparation of Sows or Wood-lice. Take of Wood-lice as many as you will, wash them very clean in pure white wine, than put them in a new glassed pot, which being shut close put into a hot oven, that so they may be dried with a moderate heat to be beaten into powder. The manner of preparing Oesypus. Take of Wool unclensed which was taken off from the Neck, Ribs, and Shoulder-pits of the Sheep, put it into warm water often times, and wash it diligently till all the fatness be come off from it into the water; afterwards press it out and lay it by, then pour that fat and filthy water out of one vessel into another, holding the vessel on high, pouring and repouring till it be frothy; let the froth settle, then take away the fat that swims on the top, pour it and repour it as before till it be frothy, then again take away the fat that swims at the top, do so, so often till no more froth appear, nor fat swim at top; then take the 〈◊〉 with the froth and wash it up and down with your hand in clear water, so often and so long till the filth be washed from it, which may be known by the water remaining clear, and the fat being tasted do not bite your tongue, then keep it in a thick and clean pot in a cold place. The Preparation of Opium. Dissolve the Opium in Spirit of Wine, strain it and evaporate it to its due consistence. Powder of Raw Lead. Beat your Lead into very thin Plates, and cut these thin Plates into very small pieces, the which steep three days in very sharp Vinegar, changing the Vinegar every day, then take them out, and dry them, without burning them, and take a little pains with them in a mortar to bring them into very fine Powder. The washing of Lead. Stir about water in a Leaden Mortar with a Leaden Pestle, and labour at it to some purpose, till the water look black and thick; strain out this water, dry it, and make it into balls. The burning of Lead. Take as many thin Plates of Lead as you please, put them into a new earthen pot, lay them plate upon plate with Brimstone between each plate, than put the Pot in the fire, and stir the Lead about with an Iron Spatule when the Brimstone burns, until you have brought it all into 〈◊〉, the which wash in clean water and keep for your use. The Preparation of Fox Lungs. Take of the fresh Lungs of a Fox, the Aspera Arteria being taken away, wash them diligently in white wine, in which Hyssop and Scabious hath been boiled, then dry them in an Oven so moderately hot that no part of them may be burned, then keep them in a glass stopped with wax. The Preparation of Scammony. Take the Core out of a Quince and fill the vaid place with powder of Scammony, then join the 〈◊〉 together again, and wrap it up in Past, bake it in an Oven, 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 it under the ashes; afterwards take out the Scammony and keep it for use. This is that which is vulgarly called Diacrydium or Diagrydium. Another way of Preparation of Scammony with Sulphur. Take of Scammony 〈◊〉 small, as much as you will, spread it upon a brown Paper and hold it over 〈◊〉 coals upon which you have put Brimstone, stir the Scammony about all the while till it begin to melt or look white; and this is called Scammony 〈◊〉. The Prepatation of Squils'. Take a great Squil whilst it is green, casting away the outward rinds, 〈◊〉 it in past and 〈◊〉 it in an oven till it be tender, which you may know if you pierce it through with a Bodkin, then take it out of the oven and take off all the slakes one by one (leaving 〈◊〉 part which is hard, behind) draw a cord through them, and bang them in a dry place, at that distance the one, from the other, that one may not touch another, till they be dried; yet take this caution along with you, That you ought not to cut nor pierce them with any Iron Instrument, but with Wood, Ivory, or Bone. Washed Tartar. Take of bruised Tartar as much as you will, pour cold and clear spring water to it, stir it up and down, then let it settle, pour off that water and pour on more, use it as before, and repeat the usage so long till the water remain clear after washing. Boiled Turpentine. Take of Venice Turpentine a pound, to which pour twenty four pound of Water, in which, boil it so long till it be thick, and being cold may be rubbed in powder like Rozin and beaten like Glass. The Preparation of Tutty. Tutty is prepared the same way that Lapis Calaminaris is; tie it up in a clean Linen cloth, which shake up and down, drawing it this way and that way in a vessel full of clean water, till the thinner and more profitable part come out into the water, and the thicker and impurer remain in the cloth; then let it settle, and power off the water gently from it; repeat this operation so often, till nothing good for any thing remain in the cloth: Then take what you have purified, sprinkle it with a little Rose water, make it into Troches to be kept for use. A CONCLUSION. I Have now (courteous Reader) led thee through the Colleges reform and refined Dispensatory; I assure thee not led thereto by any envious principles against them, for I bear them more good will, and love them better than they love themselves; only I hate selvishness in whomsoever I find it. If thou findest me here and there a little lavish in such expressions as many like not, I pray pardon that, it is my Dialect, I cannot write without it: I assure thee it was not premediated: If thou thinkest I did it for gain, thou art so far wide from the truth, that unless thou change thy opinion, 'tis to be feared truth and you will not meet again in a long time. I have taken up this World as Travellers takes up an Inn, not as a Freeholder takes a Dwelling: I take no care for Victuals before I am hungry, nor new clothes before my old lack mending. I have read in some Authors that Mammon which signifies Covetousness is the master Devil over those that tempt men to sin, and I partly believe it: I have read also in Hosea, 4. 12. That those that make the Earth their happiness, go a whoring from under their God, which made me terribly afraid, lest in one act, I should commit two evils, forsake the fountain of Living-waters, and buy myself a cistern that would hold none. I have a very simpathetical Spirit, and could either weep with Heraclitus or laugh with 〈◊〉 to see men spend all their pains about the gains of this world, and when they have done, must die and leave it (as Solomon says) they know not to whom, whether he will be a wise man or a fool; therefore mistake me not, but judge of me as I am: I desire not to spend the strength of an immortal Spirit in seeking after what hath no worth in it, which may make me worse, cannot make me better. There was a tale lately told me of a Lady of a great estate, that was so extreme foolish, that she would ride in the Coach-box and drive the Horses, whilst the Coachman rid in the Coach: you think this was a great madness; yet a greater madness by odds it is, for a man that is Heir to an Eternal Being to make himself a slave to the Earth, which must perish: I will assure you it was a higher principle than all these, moved me to write, viz. Pure love to that Nation in which I was born and bred; of which I may justly say, If the Spirit of God said Israel was destroyed for want of knowledge when sin reigned but single, how much more this Nation when it reigns by troops? I weigh not the ill language of those that mind earthly things; I wish them all the riches their hearts can desire, for they have all their wit 〈◊〉 'tis comfortable enough for me that I am beloved of the honest: my reward I expect hereafter in that place whereinto no Earthly-minded nor selfish man shall come. Nich. Culpeper. FINIS. A SINOPSIS of the KEY of GALENS Method of Physic. Page THe Scope of the whole Work. 301 Sect. 1. Of the Temperature of Medicines. Of Temperate Medicines what they are. 302 Their Use Ibid Of Hot Medicines. Of Medicines hot in the first degree ibid. Use 1. Reduce the body to natural heat. ibid. Use 2. To mitigate pain ibid. Use 3. To take away weariness and help Fevers. 303 A Caution ibid. Use 4. To help digestion and breed good blood. ibid. Of Medicines hot in the second degree. What they are ibid. Use 1. To help moist 〈◊〉 ibid. Use 2. To take away 〈◊〉 ibid. Use 3. To open the pores ibid. Of Medicines hot in the third degree. Use 1. To cut tough humours ibid. Use 2. To provoke sweat ibid. Use 3. To resist poison ibid. Of Medicines hot in the fourth degree. Use. To cause Inflammations, and to cause Blisters. ib. Of cold Medicines. Of Medicines cold in the first degree. Use 1. To qualify the heat of food ibid. Use 2. To assuage the heat of the Bowels ibid. A Caution ibid. Of Medicines cold in the second and third degrees. Use 1. To assuage the heat of choler 394 Use 2. To take away the inflammations of hot swellings ibid. Use 3. To cause sleep ibid. Of Medicines cold in the fourth degree. Use 1. To mitigate desperate pains by 〈◊〉 the Senses ibid. Of Moistening Medicines. Use 1. To help the roughness of the throat 304 Use 2. To make the inward parts of the body 〈◊〉 ibid. Of Drying Medicines. Use. To strengthen the Members of the Body 304 Cautions ibid. Sect. 2. Of the Apropriation of Medicines to the several parts of the Body. THe 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 of Authors 305 Chap. 1 Of Medicines apropriated to the Head. Their Difference ibid. Cautions in their use ibid. Of Medicines apropriated to the Brain. ibid. Directions in their use 305, 306 Of Medicines apropriated to the Eyes. The opinion of Astrologers 306 The election or choice of Medicines for the Eyes 306 Of Medicines apropriated to the Mouth and Nose. 306 Cautions for their Use ibid. The manner of the Medicines ibid. Medicines apropriated to the Ears. ibid. What they are, and why they are so ibid. Medicines apropriated to the teeth. ibid. What they are, and why they are so ibid. Chap. 2 Of Medicines apropriated to the Breast and Lungs. What they are 307 The Opinion of other Authors ibid. The Author's Opinion ibid. Chap. 3 Of Medicines apropriated to the Heart. What the office of the Heart is 1 To cherish life. 307 2 To add vigour to the affections ibid. The afflictions of the Heart. 1 Excessive heat 308 2 Poisons ibid. 3 Melancholy vapours ibid. What Cordials are. ibid. 1 Such as metigate the heat in Fevers. ibid. 2 Such as resist 〈◊〉. ibid. 1 By Antipathy between the Medicine and the poison ibid. 2 By Sympathy between the Medicine and the Heart ibid. 〈◊〉 Such as strengthen the Heart ibid. 4 Such as refresh the Spirits ibid. Chap. 4 Of Medicines apropriated to the stomach The infirmities of the stomach ibid. 1 Appetite lost ibid. 2 Digestion weakened ibid. 3 The Retentive Faculty corrupted ibid. Medicines apropriated to the stomach, are 1 Such as provoke Appetite ibid. 2 As help Digestion ibid. 3 Such as help the Retentive Faculty ibid. A way to find these ibid. Cautions in the use of them ibid. Chap. 5 Of Medicines apropriated to the Liver. What they are. 309 How to know them ibid. How to use them ibid. Chap. 6. Of Medicines apropriated to the Spleen. What the office of the Spleen is 309 What medicines apropriated to the Spleen are ibid. How they must be used ib. Chap. 7. Of medicines apropriated to the Reins and Bladder. 310 What they are. Their Use. Cautions. ibid. Chap. 8. Of medicines apropriated to the womb. How they ought to be used 310 Chap. 9 Of Medicines apropriated to the Joints. What they are. How they ought to be used 311 Sect. 3. Of the Properties or Operations of Medicines Chap. 1. Of Emollient Medicines 312 What they are. Their use. ibid. How they 〈◊〉 known 1 By their taste. 2 By their feeling ibid. Chap. 2. Of hardening Medicines 312 Their Qualities. Their Use ibid. Chap. 3. Of loosning Medicines 313 loosening Medicines described. Their use. ibid. Chap. 4. Of medicines making thick and thin. Described 313 The use of medicines making thin To open the pares. To mitigate pain. To assuage swellings ibid. The use of Medicines making thick 314 Chap. 5. Of medicines opening the mouths of the vessels 314 Their description. Their use. How they are known. ibid. Chap. 6. Of attenuating medicines. Their use: 1 To open obstructions. 2 To cleanse the breast of phlegm. 3 To provoke the terms. ib. Chap. 7. Of drawing Medicines 315 Their use: 1 To draw thorns and splinters out of the flesh. 2 To draw corrup humours from the Bowels. 3 To call the offending humours to the outward parts of the Body. 4 By them the crisis of the disease is much helped forward. 5 To draw poison out of the body. 6 To heat parts of the body which are over cooled ibid. Chap. 8. Of discussive medicines. 315 What they are. Their use. Cautions in their use. How they are known. ibid. Chap. 9 Of Repelling medicines. 315 What they are ibid. How they are known. 316 Their uses are, 1 To help hot swellings. 2 To ease headaches coming of heat. 3 To take away the windy vapours of fevers. ibid. The time of giving repelling medicines. ibid. Cautions in giving them ibid. Chap. 10. Of burning medicines. 316 Their degrees in heat ibid. Their uses: 1 To restore Limbs wasted away. 2 To burn off hair. 3 To dissolve hard tumours, 〈◊〉 warts and the like. 4 To help Gouts and 〈◊〉. 5 To help Fistulaes' etc. ibid. Cautions in using these medicines. ibid. Chap. 11. Of cleansing medicines. 316 Their definition. Their difference. Their use. ib. Chap. 12 Of Emplasters. What they are. Their use. 317 Chap. 13 Of suppuring medicines What they are. Their use. Their time of use. 317 Chap. 14 Of medicines provoking urine. What urine is 317 The cause of the stoppage of Urine ib. What Diuretics are. 1 Such 〈◊〉 conduce to separate the blood. 2 Such as open the passages of urine. 318 How each of these may be known. Their use. ibid. Chap. 15 Of medicines provoking the terms. Their use and manner of using 318 Chap. 16 Medicines breeding or taking away milk. Their Description 318 Their Use ibid. Chap. 17. Of medicines regarding the Seed Their Description. Cautions in giving them. Their use 319 Chap. 18 Of Medicines easing pain Their description 319 The manner of using them ibid. Chap. 19 Of Medicines breeding flesh. Their uses. Their differences 320 Chap. 20 Of Glutinative Medicines. Their use 320 Chap. 21 Of Scarifying Medicines Cautions in their use. 320 Chap. 22 Of Medicines resisting poison. What they are 1 Such as strengthen Nature 320 2 Such as oppose the poison ibid. 3 Such as violently thrust it out of the Body. ib. Cautions in the use of these Medicines ibid. Chap. 23 Of Medicines adorning the Body. 1 The Face. 2 The Skin. 3 The Hair. 4 The Teeth. 5 The Head, Scurf, Dandrif. 321 Chap. 24 Of Purging Medicines Cautions concerning Purging 322 The choice of purging Medicines 323 Medicines Purging, 1 Phlegm. 2 Watery Humours. 3 Choler. 4 Melancholy ibid. In all these, to what Bodies such Purges are general, and such as are strong should be given ibid. Of the time of purging 324 Of the Correcting purging medicines. ibid. How to order your Body both before and after Purges ibid. Inconveniences that arise to the Body by violent Purges ibid. The way how to prevent them. ibid. The way how to remedy them ibid. Of the way or manner of Purging 325 A KEY TO GALEN'S Method of Physic. The General Use of PHYSIC. I Shall desire thee, who ever thou art, that intendest the Noble (though too much abused) Study of Physic, to mind heedfully these following Rules, which being well understood, show thee the Key of Galen and Hypocrates their Method of Physic: He that useth their Method, and is not heedful of these Rules, may soon Tinker-like, mend one hole and make two; cure one Disease, and cause another more desperate. That then thou mayest understand what I intent, It is to discover in a general way of the manifest Virtues of Medicines, I say of the Manifest Virtues, and Qualities, Viz. Such as are obvious to the Senses, especially to the Taste and Smell: For it hath been the practice of most Physicians, (I say not of all) in these latter ages as well as ours, to say, when they cannot give, nor are minded to study a Reason, Why an Herb, Plant, etc. hath such an operation, or produceth such an effect in the Body of Man: It doth it by an hidden quality: For they not minding the whole Creation, as one United Body, not knowing what belongs to 〈◊〉 Influence, nor regarding that excellent Harmony the only wise God hath made in a composition of Contraries (in the knowledge of which consists the whole ground and foundation of Physic) no more than a Horse that goes along the street regards when the Clock strikes, are totally led by the Nose by that Monster TRADITION, who seldom begets any Children but they prove either Fools or Knaves, and this makes them so brutish that they can give a Reason for the operation of no Medicine, but what is an Object to Sense; this their Worships call Manifest, and the other Hidden, because it is hidden from them, and always will if they search no further after it than hitherto they have done. A Commonwealth is well holp up with such Physicians, that are not only so ignorant, but also so careless of knowing the foundation upon which the whole Fabric of Physic ought to be built, and not upon Tradition. They profess themselves Galenists: I would civilly encreat them but seriously to peruse, and labour to be well skilled in the Astronomy of Galen and Hypocrates. I confess, and am glad to think of it, That all Ages have afforded some wise Physicians, well skilled in the Principles of what they profess, of which this our Age is not wanting, and they begin to increase daily. As for others, my comfort is, That their whole Model will not stand long, because it is 〈◊〉 upon the Sand. And if I be not mistaken in my Calculation, there are searching times coming, and with speed too, in which every building that is not built upon the Rock shall fall. The Lord will make a quick search upon the face of the Earth. But to return to my purpose It is the Manifest Qualities of Medicines that here I am to speak to, and you may be pleased to behold it in this order. Sect. 1. Of the Temperature of Medicines. Sect. 2. Of the Apropriation Sect. 3. Of the Properties Sect. 1. Of the Temperáture of Medicines. HErbs, Plants, and other Medicines manifestly operate, either by Heat, Coldness, Dryness, or Moisture, for the world being composed of so many qualities, they and only they can be found in the world, and the mixtures of them one with another. But that these may appear as clear as the Sun when he is upon the Meridian, I shall treat of them severally, and in this order. 1. Of Medicines Temperate. 2. Of Medicines Hot. 3. Of Medicines Cold. 4. Of Medicines Moist. 5. Of Medicines Dry. Of Medicines Temperate. IF the world be composed of Extremes, than it acts by Extremes, for as the man is, so is his work: therefore it is impossible that any Medicine can be temperate, but may be reduced to Heat, Cold, Dryness, or Moisture, and must operate (I mean such as operate by manifest quality) by one of these, because there is no other to operate by, and that there should be such a temperate mixture, so tightly of these qualities in any Medicine, that one of them should not manifestly excel the other, I doubt it is a Systeme too rare to find. Thus than I conclude the matter to be, Those Medicines are called Temperate (not because they have no excess of Temperature at all in them) which can neither be said, to heat nor cool so much as will amount to the first degree of excess, for daily experience witnesseth that they being added to Medicines, change not their qualities, they make them neither hotter nor colder. They are used in such Diseases where there is no Their Use. manifest distemper of the first qualities, viz. Heat and Cold, for example, In obstructions of the Bowels, where cold Medicines might make the Obstruction greater, and hot Medicines cause a Fever. In Fevers of Phlegm, where the cause is cold and moist, and the effect hot and dry, in such use, temperate Medicines, which may neither increase the Fever by their heat, nor condensate the Phlegm by their coldness. Besides, Because Contraries are taken away by their Contraries, and every Like maintained by its Like, They are of great use, to preserve the constituion of the Body temperate, and the Body itself in strength and vigour, and may be used without danger, or fear of danger, by considering what part of the Body is weak, and using such temperate Medicines as are apropriated to that part. Of Medicines Hot THe care of the Ancient Physicians was such that they did not labour to hide from, but impart to posterity, not only the temperature of Medicines in general, but also their degrees in temperature, that so the distempered part may be brought to its temperature, and no further; for all things which are of a Galen. de simp. med. sacul. lib. 3 cap. 12. contrary temperature, conduce not to cure, but the strength of the contrariety must be observed, that so the Medicine may be neither weaker nor stronger, than just to take away the distemper; for if the distemper be but meanly hot, and you apply a Medicine cold in the Fourth Degree, 'tis true you may soon remove that distemper of Heat, and bring another of Cold twice as bad. Then Secondly, Not only the distemper itself, but also the part of the body distempered must be heeded, for if the Head be distempered by Heat, and you give such Medicines as cool the Heart or Liver you will bring another Disease and not cure the former. The Degrees then of Temperature are to be diligently heeded, which ancient Physicians have concluded to be Four, in the first qualities, viz. Heat and Cold, of each of which we shall speak a word or two severally. Of Medicines Hot in the first Degree. THose are said to be hot in the first Degree which induce a Moderate and Natural heat to the Body, and to the Parts thereof, either cold by Nature, or cooled by accident, by which Natural heat is cherished when weak, or restored when wanting. The first Effect then of Medicines hot in the first Effect. 1. Degree is, by their sweat and temperate heat, to reduce the Body to its natural heat, as the fire doth the external parts in cold weather, unless the affliction of cold be so great that such mild Medicines will not serve the turn The Second Effect is, The Mitigation of pain arising Effect. 2. from such a distemper, and indeed this effect hath other Medicines, some that are cold, and some that are hotter than the first degree, they being rationally applied to the distemper, these Medicines the Greeks call 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉, and shall be spoken of in their proper places. In this place let it suffice that Medicines hot in the first degree, make the offending humours thin & expel them by sweat, or insensible transpiration, and these of all other are most congruous or agreeable to the Body of Man, for there is no such equal temperature of heat and cold in a sound Man, but heat exceeds, for we live by heat and moisture, and not by cold. Medicines then which are hot in the first degree, are such as just correspond to the Natural heat of our Bodies; such as are hotter or colder, are more subject to do mischief, being administered by an unskilful hand, than these are, because of their contrariety to Nature; whereas these are grateful to the Body by their moderate heat. Thirdly, These take away weariness, and help Fevers, Effect. 3. being outwardly applied, because they open the pores of the Skin, and by their gentle heat prepare the humours, and take away those fuliginous vapours that are caused by Fevers. Yet may discommodities arise by heedless giving Discomodities. even of these, which I would have young Students in Physic to be very careful in, lest they do more mischief than they are aware of, viz. It is possible by too much use of them, to consume not only what is inimical in the Body, but also the substance itself, and the strength of the spirits, whence comes faintings, and sometimes death: Besides, by applying them to the parts of the Body they are not apropriated to, or by not heeding well the complexion of the Patient, or the Natural temper of the part of the Body afflicted, for the Heart is hot, but the Brain temperate. Lastly, Medicines hot in the first Degree, cherisheth Effect. 4. heat in the internal parts, help Concoction, breed good Blood, and keep it in good temper, being bred. Of Medicines hot in the Second Degree. HAving spoken of Medicines hot in the First Degree, it follows now in order to speak of those that are hot in the Second; These are something hotter than the Natural temper of a Man. Their Use is for such whose Stomach is filled with Use. moisture, because their faculty is to heat, and dry, they take away obstructions or stops, open the pores of the skin, but not in the same manner that such do as are hot in the First Degree, for they do it without force, by a gentle heat, concocting, and expelling the humours, by strengthening and helping Nature in the work, but these cut tough humours, and scatter them by their own force and power when Nature cannot. Of Medicines hot in the Third Degree. THose which attain the Third Degree of heat, have the same faculties with those before mentioned; but as they are hotter, so are they more powerful in their operations, for they are so powerful in heating and cutting, that if unadvisedly given they cause Fevers; Their Use is to cut tough and compacted Use. humours, to provoke sweat abundantly, hence it comes to pass that all of them resist poison. Of Medicines hot in the Fourth Degree. THose Medicines obtain the highest degree of heat, which are so hot that they burn the Body of Man being outwardly applied to it, and cause inflammations, or raise blisters; as Crowfoot, Mustardseed, Onions, etc. Of these more hereafter. Of Cooling Medicines. PHysitiant have also observed Four Degrees of Coldness in Medicines, which I shall briefly treat of in order. Of Medicines Cold in the First Degree. THose Medicines which are least cold of all, obtain the First Degree of Coldness, and I beseech you take notice of this, That seeing our Bodies are nourished by heat, and we live by heat, therefore no cold Medicines are Naturally, and Per se (as 〈◊〉 call it) friendly to the Body, but what good they do our Bodies, they do it per accedens, viz. by removing an unnatural heat, or the Body heated above its Natural temper. The giving then of cold Medicines, to a Man in his Natural temper, the season of the year also being but moderately hot, extinguisheth Natural heat in the Body of Man. Yet have these a necessary Use in them too, though not so frequent as Hot Medicines have; and that may be the reason why an Alwise God hath furnished us with far more Hot Herbs and Plants etc. than Cold. Their Use is first, In Nourishments, that so the Use 1. heat of Food may be qualified, and made fit for a weak Stomach to digest, and therefore are Salads used in Summer. Secondly, To restrain and assuage the heat of the Use 〈◊〉 Bowels, and to cool the Blood in Fevers. Therefore if the distemper of heat be but gentle, Medicines cold in the first degree will Suffice; also Children, and such people whose Stomaches are weak, are easily hurt by cold Medicines. Of Medicines Cold in the Second and Third Degrees. SUch whose Stomaches are strong, and Livers hot may easily bear such Medicines as are cold in the second degree, and in cases of extremity find much help by them: as also by such as cool in the third degree, the extremity of the disease considered; for by both these the unbridled heat of Choler is assuaged. Use 1. Also they are outwardly applied to hot swellings, Use 2. due consideration being had, That if the Inflammation be not great, use those that are less cool; if the Inflammation be vehement, make use of Medicines cold in the second or third degree; Always let the Remedy correspond to the just proportion of the Affliction. Thirdly, Sometimes the Spirits are moved inordinately Use 3. through heat, thence follows immoderate watchings, if not deprivation of the Senses: this also must be remedied with cold Medicines; for cold stops the pores of the Skin, makes the humours thick, represseth Sweat, and keeps up the Spirits from fainting. Of Medicines Cold in the Fourth Degree. LAstly, The Use of Medicines cold in the Fourth Degree, is, To mitigate desperate and uchement Pains, by stupifying the senses, when no other course can be taken to save life: Of the Use of which more hereafter. Of Moistening Medicines. THere can be no such difference found amongst Moistening Medicines, that they should surpass the Second degree. For seeing all Medicines are either hot or cold; neither heat nor cold, seeing they are extremes, can consist with moisture, for the one dries it up, the other condensates it. Philosopher's therefore call Moisture and Dryness, Passive qualities, yet have they their operation likewise; for moist Medicines lenify and make slippery, Use. ease the Cough, and help the Roughness of the Throat: These operations are proper to Medicines moist in the First Degree. Those which are moister, take away Naturally strength, help the sharpness of humours, make both Blood and spirits thicker, looseth the Belly, and fit it for purgation. The immoderate or indiscreet use of them dulls the Body, and makes it unfit for action. Of Drying Medicines. DRying Medicines have contrary faculties to these; viz. To consume moisture, stop fluxes, and make such parts dry as are slippery, they make the Body and Members firm, when they are weakened by too much moisture, that so they may perform their proper functions. Yet although the Members be strengthened by drying medicines, they have, notwithstanding their own proper moisture in them, which ought to be conserved, and not destroyed, for without it they cannot consist: If then this moisture be consumed by using, or rather over-use of drying Medicines, the Members can neither be nourished, nor yet perform their proper actions. Such Medicines as are dry in the third degree, being unadvisedly given, hinder the parts of the Body they are apropriated to, of their nourishment, and by that means brings them into a Consumption. Besides, There is a certain moisture in the Body of Man, which is called Radical Moisture, which being taken away, the parts must needs die, seeing natural heat and life also consists in it; and this may be done by too frequent use of medicines dry in the De Simpl. Med. Facult. Lib. 5. Cap. ult. fourth degree: And it may be this was the Reason of Galen his writing. That things dry in the fourth degree must of necessity burn; which is an effect of heat, and not of dryness, unless by burning, Galen mean consuming the Radical moisture, The Use then of drying Medicines is only to such Bodies and parts of the Body as abound with moisture, in which observe these Rules, 1. If the moisture be not extreme, let not the medicine be extreme drying. 2. Let it be proper to the part of the Body afflicted; for if the Liver be afflicted by moisture, and you go about to dry the Brain or Heart, you may sooner kill than cure. Thus have we briefly spoken of the first Qualities of Medicines, and in the general only; and but briefly, because we shall always touch upon them in the Exposition of the other Qualities, in which you must always have an eye to these. Sect. 2. Of the Apropriation of Medicines to the several Parts of the Body. Ancient Physicians also kept a grievous racket about this, some denying any specifical virtues at all in Medicines, or any congruity to certain parts of the Body, but were of Opinion that such as strengthen the Head must needs strengthen the Bowels and all other parts of the Body, by the same Rule, because being ignorant of the influence of the Heavens, they would give no Reason for the contrary, and so whatsoever is obnoxious to one part of the Body must needs be obnoxious to all the rest, by the same Rule. Others hold them to be apropriated to the particular parts of the Body by an hidden property as they call it, because their ignorance in Astronomy knew not what to make of it, or how the Midicines operated and their experience testifying that they had distinct operations upon distinct parts of the Body. Others have laboured to find out a middle way between both these, and they hold that what Medicines strengthen one part of the Body, must needs in some measure strengthen all the rest, yet so as that it is peculiarly apropriated to that Part of the Body which it strengthens, and their reason is, Because the substance of the Medicine agrees with the substance of that Part of the Body which it strengthens, and every one almost that hath but wit enough to eat an Eglantine, knows that the substance of all Parts of the Body are not alike. This argument hath some weight in it, though in my Opinion it falls a little too low, for it is a certain truth, the Sympathy, and Antipathy in the Creation is the cause both of all Diseases, and also of the operations of all Medicines, However I may intertex my Opinion of what Physicians call [hidden Qualities] now and then with it, yet my scope shall be to treat chiefly of this at this time, till time and opportunity (together with the will of my Creator) give me leave to digest what they call [hidden Qualities] into such a form that others may understand it as well as myself: I am sickly and have no body to help me, I can do things no faster than I can. That the Qualities and Use of these Medicines may be found out, and understood by every one, and so my Country reap the benefit of my Labour, they shall find them presented to their view in this Order. Medicines apropriated, 1. To the Head. 2. To the Breast and Lungs. 3. To the Heart. 4. To the Stomach. 5. To the Liver. 6. To the Spleen. 7. To the Reins and Bladder. 8. To the Womb. 9 To the Joints. CHAP 1. Of Medicines apropriated to the Head. BY [Head] is usually understood all that part of the Body which is between the top of the Crown, and the uppermost joint of the Neck; yet are those Medicines properly called Cephalical which are apropriated to the Brain, not to the Eyes, Ears nor Teeth; neither are those Medicines which are proper for the Ears proper also for the Eyes, therefore (my intent being to write as plain as I can) I shall subdivide this Chapter into these parts. Medicines apropriated— 1. To the Brain. 2. To the Eyes. 3. To the Mouth. and Nostrils. 4. To the Ears. 5. To the Teeth. For what Medicines are apropriated to an unruly Tongue, is not in my power at present to determine. Of Medicines apropriated to the Brain. BEfore we treat of Medicines apropriated to the Brain, it is requisite that we describe what the nature and affection of the Brain is. The Brain which is the Seat of Apprehension Judgement, and Memory, the Original of Sense and Motion, is by nature temperate, and if so, than you will grant me that it may easily be afflicted both by Heat and Cold, and it is indeed more subject to afflictions by either of them, than any other part of the Body, for if it be afflicted by heat, Sense and Reason is immoderately moved, if by cold, they languish, and are dulled, to pass by other symptoms which invade the Head, if the Brain be altered from its proper temper. Also this is peculiar to the Brain, that it is delighted or offended by sinels, sights, and sounds, but I shall meddle no further with these here, because they are not Medicines. Cephalical Medicines may be found out from the Affections of the Brain itself. The Brain is usually oppressed with moisture in such afflictions; therefore give such Medicines as very gently, warm, cleanse, cut, and dry; but withal, let them be such as are apropriated to the Head, such as Physicians say [by an hidden quality] strengthens the Brain. Again, if you consider the situation of the Brain, you shall find it placed in the highest part of all the Body; therefore it is easily afflicted with hot vapours, this punisheth a man with watchings and headache, as the former did with sottishness and sleepiness; in such cases use such Cephalects as gently cool the Brain. To make Cephalects of Narcoticks, or slupifying Medicines is not my iutent, for I am confident they are inimical both to Brain and Senses. Of these, and such Medicines also as purge the Brain, I shall speak by and by. To return to my purpose. Some Cephalicks purge the Brain, some heat it, some cool it, some strengthen it; but how they perform this Office peculiarly to the Brain, most Physicians confess they could neither comprehend by Reason, nor describe by Precepts, only thus, they do it by an hidden quality, either by strengthening the Brain, thereby defending it from Diseases, or by a certain Antipathy between them and the Diseases incident to the Brain. Lastly, For the Use of Cephalicks, observe, if the Brain be much afflicted, you cannot well strengthen it before you have purged it, neither can you well purge the Brain before you have cleansed the rest of the Body, it is so subject to receive the vapours up to it; give cooling Cephalicks when the Brain is too hot, and hot Cephalicks, when it is too cold. Beware of using cooling Medicines to the Brain when the Crisis of a Disease is near: How that time may be known, I shall (God assisting me) instruct you hereafter, I cannot do all things at one time; let it suffice now, that according as the Discase afflicting your Head is, so let your remedy be. Of Medicines apropriated to the Eyes. TAke such Medicines as are apropriated to the Eyes under the name of [Ocular Medicines] I do it partly to avoid multiplicity of words, and partly to instruct my Country Men in the Terms of Art belonging to Physic, (I would have called them [ophthalmics] had not the word been troublesome to the reading, much more to the understanding of a Country man) as I even now called such Medicines [Cephalicks] as were apropriated to the Brain. Ocular Medicines are two fold, viz. such as are referred to the Visive Virtues, and such as are referred to the Eyes themselves. Such as strengthen the Visive Virtue or the Optic Nerves which convey it to the Eyes (say Doctors) do it by an hidden Virtue, into the reason of which no man can dive, unless they should fetch it from the Similitude of the substance; And yet they say a Goat's Liver conduceth much to make one see in the night, and they give this Reason, Because Goats see as well in the night as in the day. Yet is there no affinity in temperature nor substance between the Liver and the Eyes; However Astrologers know well enough that all Herbs, Plants, etc. That are under the Dominion of either Sun or Moon, and apropriated to the Head, be they hot or cold they strengthen the Visive Virtue, as Eyebright which is hot, Lunaria or Moonwort which is cold. As for what appertains to the constitution of the Eyes themselves seeing they are exact in sense, they will not endure the least inconvenience, therefore such Medicines as are outwardly applied to them (for such Medicines as strengthen the visive Veertues are all given inwardly) let them neither hurt by their hardness nor gnawing quality, nor be so tough that they should stick to them, Therefore let Oculiar Medicines be neither in Powders nor Ointments, because Oil itself is offensive to the Eyes, and how pleasing Powders are to them you may perceive yourself by but going into the dust. Medicines apropriated to the Mouth and Nose. APPly no stinking Medicine to a Disease in the Nose, for such offend not only the Nose, but also the Brain; neither administer Medicines of any ill taste to a Disease in the Mouth, for that subverts the Stomach, because the tunicle of the mouth and of the Stomach is the same; And because both Mouth and Nostrils are ways by which the Brain is cleansed, therefore are they infected with such vices as need almost continual cleansing; and let the Medicines you apply to them be either pleasant, or at least, not ingrateful. Medicines apropriated to the Ears. THe Ears are easily afflicted by Cold, because they are always open, therefore they require hot Medicines. And because they are of themselves very dry, therefore they require Medicines which dry much Medicines apropriated to the Teeth. VEhement heat, and vehement cold is inimical to the Teeth, but they are most of all offended by sharp and four things, and the reason is, because they have neither Skin nor Flesh to cover them, they delight in such Medicines as are cleansing and binding, because they are troubled with Defluxions and Rheums upon every light occasion, and that's the reason the common use of fat and sweet things, soon rots the Teeth. CHAP. 2. Of Medicines apropriated to the Breast and Lungs. THe Medicines apropriated to the Breast and Lungs, you shall find called all along by the name of [Pectorals] that's the term Physicians give them, when you hear them talk of Pectural Syrups, Pectoral Rowls, or Pectoral Ointments, now you know their Use. They are divers, some of which regard the part afflicted, others the matter afflicting. But although sometimes in Ulcers of the Lungs we are forced to use binding Medicines, to join the Ulcer, yet are not these called Pectorals, because binding Medicines are extreme hurtful to the Breast and Lungs, both because they hinder ones fetching his breath, and also because they hinder the avoiding that Phlegm by which the Breast is oppressed. Such Medicines are called Pectorals, which are of a * The next Section will instruct you in the term. lenifying Nature, for by their operation is the breath the easier fetched, and what sticks to the Stomach the easier spit out. Neither yet is the way or manner of provoking this same spitting always one and the same, for sometimes the matter is so thin that it cannot be cast up by the motion of the Lungs, but it slips besides. Again, Sometimes it is so thick that it cannot be cast out by the narrow Arteries of the Lungs. These than are the genuine operations of Pectorals, viz. Some to make the thin matter thicker, others to make the thick matter thinner. Besides, Those which make thin matter thicker are of two sorts, viz. Some are mild and gentle, which may safely be administered, be the matter hot or cold which offendeth, (the degrees of temperature will satisfy, which such be among the Simples, neither shall you want instructions among the Compounds) Others are very cold, which are used only when the matter offending is sharp. But because such Medicines as conduce to the cure of the Phtisicks (which is an Ulceration of Lungs and the disease usually called, The Consumption of the Lungs) are also reckoned in amongst Pectorals. It is not amiss to speak a word or two of them. In the cure of this disease are three things to be regarded. 1. To cut and bring away the Concreated Blood. 2. To cherish and strengthen the Lungs. 3. To conglutinate the Ulcer. And indeed some particular Simples will perform all these, and Physicians confess it; which shows the wonderful Mystery the All-wife God hath made in the Creation, That one and the Same Simple should perform two contrary Operations on the same part of the Body; for the more a Medicine cleanseth the more it conglutinates; And it is wisely done of Physicians to shut their Eyes against such a Mystery, and against Astrology also, which is one means to reveal it, they make a long Harvest of little Corn, and get the more money by it. They usually in such cases first use Medicines which are more clensiing; lastly, Medicines more binding and strengthen the Lungs all the time. To conclude then, Pectoral Medicines are such as either cut and cleanse out the compacted humours from the Arteries of the Lungs, or make thin Defluxions thick, or temper those that are sharp, help the Roughness of the Windpipe, or are gently lenitive and softening, being outwardly applied to the Breast. CHAP. 3. Of Medicines apropriated to the Heart. THese are they that are generally given under the notion of Cordials, take them under that name here. The Heart is the seat of the vital Spirit, the fountain of life, the original of infused heat, and of the natural affections of man. So then these Two Things are proper to the Heart. 1. By its heat to cherish life thorough out the Body. 2. To add vigour to the Affections. And if these be proper to the Heart, you will easily grant me, that it is the property of Cordials to administer to the Heart in these Particulars. Of Cordials, some cheer the Mind, some strengthen the Heart, and refresh the Spirits thereof, being decayed. Those which checr the Mind are not one and the same; for as the Heart is variously disturbed, either by Anger, Love, Fear, Hatred, Sadness, etc. So such things as flatter Lovers, or appease the Angry, or comfort the Fearful, or please the Hateful, may well be called Cordials; for the Heart, seeing it is placed in the middle between the Brain and the Liver, is wrought upon by Reason, aswell as by Digestion; yet these, because they are not Medicines, are beside my present scope. And altough it is true, That Mirth, Love, etc. are actions, or motions of the Mind, not of the Body; yet many have been induced to think such Affections may be wrought in the Body by Medicines, which some hold is done by an hidden property (the old Bush ignorant Physicians have run into) Others that denied any hidden quality in Medicines, held it to be done by Enchantment, and that is the only way of a thousand to lead people in ignorance, viz. To tell them (when they cannot give, nor will not study a reason of a thing) It is Diabolical, and done by Sorcery. I could give a Reason of the former, if it were my present scope to speak of hidden properties; a very short time will discover the latter to be the greatest of Falsehoods. But to return to my purpose. The Heart is chiefly afflicted by too much heat, by Poison, and by stinking Vapours, and these are remedied by the second sort of Cordials, and indeed chicfly belong to our present scope. According to these Three Afflictions, viz. 1. Excessive heat. 2. Poison. 3. Melancholy vapours. Are Three kinds of Remedies which succour the afflicted Heart: Such as 1. By their cooling Nature mitigate the heat of Fevers. 2. Resist Poison. 3. Cherish the vital Spirits when they 〈◊〉. All these are called Cordials. 1. Such as cool the Heart in Fevers, yet is not every thing that cooleth Cordial, for Lead is colder than Gold, yet is not Led Cordial as Gold is, some hold it Cordial by hidden Quality, others by Reason, Because it cheers a man's heart to see he hath gotten Money, an Apish Reason, unbeseeming a Scholar; for Pearls, taken inwardly, cool the heart, and cheer it exceedingly, and such a frigid Reason will no ways hold in that, what Medicines do by hidden Quality is not my task at present, it may be hereafter, only here let it suffice, that cool Cordials are such Medicines as are apropriated to the Heart, and let the Heart be afflicted with heat, else take them not, for fear of Cordials they prove ruptures, for the Heart is maintained by heat, and not by cold. 2. Such as resist Poison, There is a twofold resisting of Poison. 1. By an Antipathy between the Medicine and the Poison. 2. By a Sympathy between the Medicine and the Heart. Of the First we shall speak anon, in a Chapter by itself. The latter belongs to this Chapter, and they are such Medicines, whose nature is to strengthen the Heart, and fortify it against the Poison, as Rue, Angelica, etc. For as the operation of the former is upon the Poison, which afflicteth the Heart, so the operation of the latter is upon the Heart afflicted by the Poison. To this Classis may be referred all such Medicines, as strengthen the Heart, either by Astral influence, or by likeness of substance, if there be such a likeness in Medicines, for a Bullocks heart is of like substanceto a Man's, yet I question whether it be Cordial or not. 3. And lastly, Such as refresh the Spirits, and make them lively and active, both because they are apropriated to that Office, and also because they drive stinking and Melancholy vapours from the Heart, for as the Animal spirits be refreshed by fragrant smells, and the Natural Spirits by Spices; so are the vital Spirits refreshed by all such Medicines as keep back Melancholy vapours from the Heart, as Borrage, Bugloss, Rosemary, Citron Pills, the Compositions of them, and many others, which this Treatise will amply furnish you with. CHAP. 4. Of Medicines apropriated to the Stomach. BY Stomach, I mean that Ventricle which contains the Food till it be concocted into Chyle. Medicines apropriated to the Stomach are usually called Stomachicals. The infirmities usually incident co the Stomach are Three. 1. Appetite lost. 2. Digestion weakened. 3. The retentive Faculty corrupted. When Appetite is lost, the man feels no hunger when his Body needs Nourishment. When Digestion is weakened it is not able to concoct the meat received into the Stomach, but it putrifies there. When the retentive Faculty is spoiled, the Stomach is not able to retain the Food till it be digested, but either vomits it up again, or causeth Fluxes. Such Medicines then as remedy all these, are called Stomachicals. And of them in order. 1. Such as provoke Appetite are usually of a sharp or sourish taste, and yet withal of a grateful taste to the palate, for although loss of appetite may proceed from divers causes, as from Choler in the Stomach, or putrified humours or the like, yet such things as purge this Choler or humours, are properly called Orecticks, not Stomachicals; the former strengthen Appetite after these are expelled. 2. Such Medicines help Digestion as strengthen the Stomach, either by convenient heat, or Aromatical (viz. spicy) faculty, by hidden property, or congruity of Nature; by which last, the inner skin of a Hen's Gizzard dried and beaten to Powder and taken in Wine in the morning fasting is an exceeding strengthener of Digestion, because those Creatures have such strong Digestions themselves. 3. The retentive Faculty of the Stomach is corrected by binding Medicines, yet not by all binding Medicines neither, for some of them are adverse to the Stomach, but by such binding Medicines as are apropriated to the Stomach. For the Use of these. 1. Use not such Medicines as provoke Appetite before Use 1. you have cleansed the Stomach of what hinders it. 2. Such Medicines as help Digestion (which the Use 2. Greeks call 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉) give them a good time before meat that so they may pass to the bottom of the Stomach (for the digestive Faculty lies there) before the food come into it. 3. Such as strengthen the retentive Faculty, give Use 3, them a little before meat, if to stay Fluxes; a little after meat, if to stay vomiting. CHAP. 5. Of Medicines apropriated to the Liver. BE pleased to take these under the name of Hepaticks, for that is the usual name Physicians give them, and these also are of Three sorts. 1. Some the Liver is delighted in. 2. Others strehgthen it. 3. Others help its vices. The palate is the Seat of taste, and its Office is to judge what Food is agreeable to the Stomach, and what not, by that is both the Quality and Quantity of Food fit for the Stomach discerned: the very same Office the Meseraick Veins perform to the Liver. Sometimes such Food pleaseth the palate which the Liver likes not (but not often) and therefore the Meseraick Veins resuse it, and that's thereason some few men fancy such food as makes them sick after the eating thereof. 1. The Liver is delighted exceedingly with sweet things, draws them greedily, and digesteth them as swiftly, and that's the reason Honey is so soon turned into Choler. 2. Such Medicines strengthen the Liver, as (being apropriated to it) very gently bind, for seeing the Office of the Liver is to concoct, it needs some adstriction, that so both the heat and the humour to be concocted may be stayed that so the one slip not away, nor the other be scattered. Yet do not Hepatical Medicines require so great a binding faculty as Stomachicals do, because the passages of the Stomach are more open than those of the Liver, by which it either takes in Chyle, or sends out Blood to the rest of the Body, therefore Medicines which are very binding are hurtful to the Liver, and either cause obstructions, or hinder the distribution of the Blood, or both. 3. The Liver being very subject to obstructions, Medicines which withstand obstructions, or open them being made, are truly Hepatical, and they are such as cut and extenuate without any vehement heat (to these we shall speak in their proper places) and yet they retain a faculty both gently binding, and cleansing. Sometimes Inflammation follows the obstruction, and then must you use Hepatical Medicines, which cool, cleanse, and extinuate. In using these have a special care that your cooling Medicines be so tempered with heat, that the digestive faculty of the Liver be not spoiled, and that the Diaphragma (which is very near unto it) be not so cooled that it hinder the fetching of breath. And thus much for the Liver, the Office of which is to concoct Chyle (which is a white substance the Stomach digests the food into) into Blood, and distribute it by the Veins to every part of the body, whereby the Body is nourished, and decaying flesh restored. CHAP. 6. Of Medicines apropriated to the Spleen. IN the breeding of Blood are three Excrements most conspicuous, viz. Urine. Choler, and Melancholy. The proper seat of Choler is in the Gall. The Urine passeth down to the Reins or Kidneys, which is all one. The Spleen takes the thickest or melancholy blood to itself. I hope shortly to give you the exactest piece of Anatomy now extant, in your own mother tongue, wherein you may as perfectly see these and all other internal operations of your Body, as you can your Faces in a Looking Glass. But to return. This Excrement of Blood is twofold: for either by excessive heat, it is addust, and this is that the Latins call Atra bilis: or else it is thick and earthly of itself, and this properly is called Melancholy humour. Hence then is the nature of Splenical Medicines to be found out, and by these two is the Spleen usually afflicted, for Atra bilis (I know not what distinct English name to give it) many times causeth Madness, and pure Melancholy causeth obstructions of the Bowels, and tumours, whereby the concoction of the Blood is vitiated, and Dropsies many times follow. Medicines then peculiar to the Spleen must needs be twofold also, some apropriated to Atra bilis, others to pure Melancholy; but of purging either of them, I shall omit till I come to treat of Purging in a Chapter by itself. 1. Such Medicines are Splenical, which by cooling and moistening temper Atra bilis: let not these Medicines be to cold neither, for there is no such heat in Atra bilis as there is in Choler, and therefore it needs no such excessive cooling; amongst the number of these are such as we mentioned amongst the Cordials, to repel Melancholy vapours from the Heart, such temper and assuage the malice of Atra bilis. 2. Those Medicines are also Splenical, by which Melancholy humours are corrected and so prepared, that they may the more easily be evacuated; such Medicines are cutting and opening, and they differ from Hepaticals, in this, that they are no ways binding, for the Spleen being no ways addicted to concoction, binding Medicines do it harm, and not good. 3. Sometimes the Spleen is not only obstructed, but also hardened by Melancholy humours, and in such cases Emolient Medicines may be well called Splenicals; not such as are taken inwardly, for they operate upon the Stomach and Bowels, but such as are outwardly applied to the Region of the Spleen. And although sometimes Medicines are outwardly applied to hardness of the Liver, yet they differ from Splenicals, because they are binding, so are not Splenicals. Chap. 7. Of Medicines apropriated to the Reins and Bladder. THe Office of the Reins is, To make a separation between the Blood and the Urinal, to receive this Urine thus separated from the Blood, is the Bladder ordained, which is of a sufficient bigness to contain it, that so a man may go about his business and not be always pissing. Both these parts of the Body officiating about the Urinal, they are both usually afflicted by the vices of the Urin. The Urinal is oppressed 1. By Stones. 2. By Inflammation. 3. By thick Humours. Medicines apropriated to the Reins and Bladder are usually called Nephriticals and are Threefold; some cool, others cut gross humours, and a third sort breaks the Stone. In the Use of all these, take notice, That the constitution of the Reins and Bladder is such, That they abhor all binding Medicines, because they cause stoppage of Urine. The truth is, I shall speak of all these apart in so many Chapters by themselves, only let it suffice here, That Physicians confess some Medicines perform these by an hidden 〈◊〉, and even break the hardest Stone; but no man (they say, because they cannot themselves) can give a Reason how, nor why they do it. And Secondly, take notice, That the Reins and Bladder being subject to Inflammations endure not very hot Medicines. Thirdly Because the Bladder is further remote from the Centre of the Body than the Kidneys are, therefore it requires stronger Medicines than the Kidneys do, lest the strength of the Medicine be spent before it be come to the part afflicted. Chap. 8. Of Medicines apropriated to the Womb. THese Physitlans call Hystericals', and to avoid multiplicity of words, take them in this discourse under that notion, Take notice that such Medicines as provoke the Terms, or stop them when they flow immoderately, 〈◊〉 properly Hystericals', but shall be spoken to by and by in a Chapter by themselves. As for the Nature of the Womb, it seems to be much like the nature of the Brain and Stomach, for experience teacheth that it is delighted with sweet and Aromatical Medicines, and flies from their contraries. For example: A Woman being troubled with the Fits of the Mother, which is a drawing of the Womb upwards, apply sweet things, as Civit, or the like, to the place of Conception, it draws it down again, but apply stinking things to the Nose, as Assafoetida, 〈◊〉 the like, it expels it from it, and sends it down to its proper place. Again, Sometimes the Womb of a Woman falls out, in such cases, sweet scents applied to the Nose, and stinking things to the privy passage, reduces it to its proper place again, and this made some Physicians of Opinion that the Womb of a Woman was capable of the sense of smelling. For my part I believe nothing less; only it doth it by apropriation to that part of the Body, for the Stomach is also offended with stinking things, not because it smells them, but because they are obnoxious to that part of the Body, judge the like by the Womb; it is offended by stinking things, and strengthened by sweet: for smell is one of the Touchstones by which Nature trieth what is convenient for its self; yet, that the Womb hath much affinity with the Head is most certain, and undeniable by this argument, Because most Cephalick Medicines conduce to the cure of Diseases in the Womb, neither is the Womb often afflicted, but the Head principally suffers with it. Chap. Of Medicenes apropriated to the Joints. The Joints are usually troubled with Cephalick Diseases, and then are to be cured by Cephalick Medicines. Medicines apropriated to the Joints, are called by the name of Arthritical Medicines. The Joints, seeing they are very Nervous, require Medicines which are of a heating and drying Nature, with a gentle binding, and withal such as by a peculiar virtue are apropriated to them, and ad strength to them. It is true, most Cephalicks do so, yet because the Joints are more remote from the Centre, they require stronger Medicines. For removing pains in the Joints this is the Method of proceeding. Pains is either taken away, or eased, for the true cure is to take away the cause of the pain, sometimes the vehemency of the pain is so great that you must be forced to use anodynes (for so Physicians call such Medicines as ease pain) before you can meddle with the cause, and this is usually when the part pained is inflamed, for those Medicines which take away the cause of pain being very hot, if there be any Inflammation in the part pained, you must abstain from them till the Inflammation be taken away. Also the manner of easing the pain is twofold, for if you regard only the pain, use anodynes, but if you regard the Inflammation, use cooling Medicines; because by them, not only the heat is assuaged, but also the Flux of Blood to that part is stopped, especially if you mix some repelling Medicine with it. We shall speak of all these in the next Section. Only here take notice, That such Medicines as take away the cause of pain from the Joints, are of very thin substance and forcible in cutting and drawing; and when you see the cause is taken quite away, then use such as bind and strengthen the Joints, that so 〈◊〉 may prevent defluxions for the time to come. And thus much for the Second Section. Sect. 3. Of the Properties or Operations of Medicines. THat I may be as plain as can be in this (for I desire to be understood of all) I shall divide this SECTION into these Chapters, Viz. Of MEDICINES. Chap. 〈◊〉. 1 Hardening. 2 loosening. 3 Making thin, and thick. 4 Opening the Vessels. 5 Attinuating. 6 Drawing. 7 Discussing. 8 Repelling. 9 Burning. 10 Cleansing. 11 emplastics. 12 Suppuring. 13 Provoking Urin. 14 Provoking the Terms. 15 Breeding Milk. 16 Regarding the Seed. 17 Easing Pain. 18 Breeding Flesh. 19 Glutinative. 20 Scarifying. 21 Resisting Poison. 22 Adorning the Body. 23 Purging. 24 Of all these in order, and in the same order they are set down. Chap. 1. Of Emollient Medicines. THe various mixtures of Heat, Cold, Dryness, and Moisture in Simples, must of necessity produce variety of Faculties, and Operations in them, which now we come to treat of, beginning first at Emollients. What is hard and what is soft, most men know, but few are able to express; Philosophers define that to be hard which yields not to touching, and soft to be the contrary; An Emollient, or softening Medicine (which is all one) is such a Medicine as reduceth a hard substance to its proper temperature. But to leave Philosophy, and keep to Physic; Physicians describe hardness to be twofold. 1. A distension or stretching of a part by too much fullness. 2. Thick humours which are destitute of heat, growing hard in that part of the Body into which they flow. So many properties than ought Emollient Medicines to have, viz. to moisten what is dry, to discuss what is stretched, to warm what is congealed by cold, yet properly, that only is said to mollify which reduceth a hard substance to its proper temper. Dryness and thickness of humours being the cause of hardness, Emollient Medicines must of necessity be hot and moist; and although you may peradventure find some of them dry in the Second or Third Degrees, yet must this dryness be tempered and qualified with heat and moisture, for Reason will tell you that dry Medicines make hard parts harder. Besides, In Scirrhous humours (in which Emollients are most in use) various Symptoms appear, so that the hardness being not Simple, the Emollients are not, nor ought not to be always one and the same, as for example: Sometimes the Swelling abounds with moisture, and then the Medicine must be drier, not to mollify the swelling, but to consume the moisture; Sometimes the humour is so tough, that temperate Medicines will not stir it, then must the Medicine be the hotter, these things are accedental according as the humour offending is; it follows not for all this, that Emollient Medicines should not be temperately hot and moist in their own Nature; for general Rules are not to be accounted false, because a man must sometimes swerve from them, for this is the true use of all Rules, viz. To vary them according to the various Symptoms of the Disease, and herein is the judgement of the Physicians tried. Lastly, mollifying Medicines are known, 1. By their taste, 2. By their feeling. 1. In taste, they are near unto sweet, but Fat and Oily, they are neither sharp, nor austere, nor sour, nor salt, neither do they manifest either binding, or vehement heat, or cold to be in them. 2. In feeling you can perceive no roughness, neither do they stick to your Fingers like Bird-lime, for they ought to penetrate the parts to be mollified, and therefore many times if occasion be, are 〈◊〉 Medicines mixed with them. Chap. 2. Of Hardening Medicines. GALEN in Lib. 5. De Simpl. Med. Facult. Cap. 10. determins Hardening Medicines to be cold and moist, and he brings some arguments to prove it, against which other Physicians contest. I shall not here stand to quote the Dispute, only take notice, That if softening Medicines be hot and moist (as we showed even now) then hardening Medicines must needs be cold and dry, because they are contrary to them. The Universal course of Nature will prove it for dryness and moisture are passive qualities, neither can extremities consist in moisture as you may know, if you do but consider that dryness is not attributed to the Air, nor Water, but to the Fire, and Earth. 2. The thing to be congealed must needs be moist, therefore the Medicine congealing must of necessity be dry, for if cold be joined with dryness, it contracts the pores that so the humours cannot be scattered. Yet you must observe a difference between Medicines drying, making thick, hardening, and congealing, of which differences a few words will not do amiss. 1. Such Medicines are said to dry, which draw out, or drink up the moisture, as a 〈◊〉 drinks up water. 2. Such Medicines are said to make thick, as do not consume the moisture, but ad dryness to it, as you make Syrups into a thick Electuary by adding Powders to them. 3. Such as congeal, neither draw out the moisture not make it thick by adding dryness to it, but contract it by vehement cold, as Water is frozen into Ice. 4. Hardening disfers from all these, for the parts of the Body swell and are filled with Phlegmatic humours, or Melancholy Blood, which at last grows hard. That you may clearly understand this, observe but these two things. 1. What it is which worketh. 2. What it worketh upon. That which worketh is outward cold, that which is wrought upon is a certain thickness & dryness of humours, for if the humour were fluid as water is it might properly be said to be congealed by cold, but not so properly hardened. Thus you see cold & dryness to be the cause of hardening. But enough of this (perhaps some may think too much) This hardening being so far from being useful, that it is obnoxious to the Body of Man, I pass it without more words. I suppose when Galen wrote of hardening Medicines, he intended such as make thick, and therefore amongst them he reckons up, Fleawort, Purslain, Housleek, and the like, which assuage the heat of the humours in Swellings, and stop subtle and sharp Defluxious upon the Lungs, but of these more anon. CHAP. 3. Of Loosning Medicines. BY loosening here, I do not mean Purging; not that which is opposite to Astringency, but that which is opposite to stretching: I knew not suddenly what fitter English Name to give it, than loosening or Laxation, which latter is scarce English. The Members are distended or stretched divers ways, and aught to be loosened as many, for they are stretched sometimes by dryness, sometimes by cold, sometimes by repletion or fullness, sometimes by swellings, and sometimes by some of these joined together. I avoid terms of Art as much as I can, because it would profit my Country but little, to give them the Rules of Physic in such English as they understand not. I confess the Opinion of Ancient Physicians hath been various about these Loosning Medicines. Galen's Opinion was, That they might be referred either to moistening, or heating, or mollifying, or evacuating Medicines, and therefore ought not to be referred to a Chapter by themselves. 'tis like they may, and so may all other Medicines be referred to heat, or coldness, or dryness, or moisture: But we speak not here of the Particular properties of Medicines, but of their Joined properties, as they heat and moisten. Others, they question how they can be distinguished from such as mollify, seeing such as are loosening, and such as are emollient, are both of them hot and moist. To that, thus: Stetching and loosening are ascribed to the movable parts of the Body, as to the Muscles and their Tendons, to the Ligaments, and Membranae; But softness and hardness to such parts of the Body as may be felt with the hand: I shall make it clear by a Similitude: Wax is softened being hard, but Fiddle-strings are loosened being stretched. And if you say that the difference lying only in the parts of the Body, is no true difference; then take notice, that such Medicines which loosen, are less hot and more moistening than such as soften, for they operate most by heat, these by moisture. The truth is, I am of Opinion, the difference is not much, nay, scarce sensible, between Emollient and Loosning Medicines, Only I quoted this in a Chapter by itself, not so much because some Authors do, as because it conduceth to the increase of knowledge in Physic, for want of which this poor Nation is almost spoiled. The chief Use of Loosning Medicines is in Convulsions and Cramps, and such like infirmities which cause distension or stretching. They are known by the very same marks and tokens that Emollient Medicines are. CHAP. 4. Of Medicines making thin and thick. MEdicines which rarify, or make thin, are such which open the pores of the skin, and make them wider, they are not so moist as Emollient Medicines are, but of thin and subtle parts, they are hot, but not so hot that they should draw the matter to them, or discuss it, as we shall show when we come to speak of those Faculties. Such as make thick are contrary to these, these are cold and stop the pores of the skin. These Galen would have to be moist, neither is there any difference between his Description of hardening Medicines, and such as make thick. 1. The Use of Rarifying Medicines is, to open the Use., 1. pores of the skin, and make them wider, that so the vapours arising from Blood overheated may pass out, and that was the Reason Wrestlers in ancient times came to their exercise with their Bodies anointed, that so the vapours caused by stirring their Bodies might pass out, and not cause Fevers or other mischief to the Bowels by being kept in. 2. Rarifying Medicines conduce much to the mitigation of pain, for the pores of the Skin being opened, the matter causing the pain is the easier expelled. Again, In swellings, it is not only the plenty of humours that causeth pain, but the dryness, hardness, or stretching of the Skin, therefore seeing Medicines which rarify or make thin, do both loosen and mollify, they must of necessity by these operations mitigate pain. Also there is much profit in the use of thickening Medicines, for they make the Skin firm, thereby not only the better resisting cold, but also they stop too much sweeting, and dissolution of the spirits that way, which often happens to them that are weak. CHAP 5. Of Medicines opening the Mouths of the Vessels. THese Galen thought to be hot, but of thick parts and biting. Let none admire that thickness should be attributed to Medicines of an opening substance, seeing thickness seems rather to stop than to open. For answer to this, you must consider the manner of opening obstructions, and of opening the mouths of the Vessels is different, Obstructions require cutting Medicines by which the thickness of the matter obstructing is made thinner, therefore the Medicine ought not to be thick, but of thin substance that it may the better penetrate (I do not mean of a thin Body, like water, for that causeth Obstructions rather than take them away, but of thin parts, viz. Making thin) But those Medicines which are said to open the mouths or passages of the Vessels, are of thick parts, that they may not only penetrate, but also strengthen the passages by which they pass, therefore Galen besides heat, appointed thickness of parts and sharpness, or biting, as Pepper bites, for such a sharp heat is very effectual to penetrate, and cannot stop in the least; for although the Skin be easily contracted by gentle Medicines, the Vessels cannot be shut but by things vehemently binding, and therefore let these Medicines of thick substance be also moist, for moisture cannot so forcibly bind as to stop the mouths of the Vessels. The Use of opening Medicines may be easily gathered Use. from the use of the Vessels to be opened, for seeing their use is to hold Blood, which sometimes offend in quantity, sometimes in quality, such infirmities are to be remedied by opening Medicines. They are easily known by taste, being sharp and piercing, and bite the tongue, but such as are stopping, are cold and binding, and contract the tongue in tasting of them. CHAP. 6. Of Attenuating Medicines. THe use of Attenuating Medicines is to open the obstructions of the Bowels. The Bowels are obstructed or stopped by tough and viscus humours, hence than it is clear that Attenuating, or Extenuating Medicines ought to be thin of substance, but whether they ought all to be hot or not, is some question, for indeed many cold Medicines cut tough humours and open obstructions, as Vinegar, Endive, Succory, and the like. I shall not enter into the Dispute here whether all cold things bind or not, and therefore some hold Vinegar to be hot in itself, and cool only by accident; we know Wine is hot, and Vinegar is nothing but corrupted Wine, and we know as well that putrefaction turns things usually into a contrary quality, and besides if you ask Physicians how one Simple can perform two contrary operations, they presently run into the old bush, It doth it (say they) by a hidden quality. The use of Attenuating Medicines is to open the Bowels, to cleanse the Breast of Phlegm, co expel the Terms, etc. Your best course is, first to cleanse the body by some gentle purge before you use Attenuating Medicines, lest they seize upon the Blood and cause Fevers, or other mischiefs as bad. They are in taste sharp, sour, or bitter, yet such as being tasted dilate the tongue, and contract it not. Chap. 7. Of Drawing Medicines. THe Opinion of Physicians is concerning these as it is concerning other Medicines, viz. Some draw by a manifest quality, some by a hidden, and so (quoth they) they draw to themselves both humours and thorns, or splinters that are gotten into the Flesh, however this is certain, they are all of them hot, and of thin parts; hot because the Nature of heat is to draw, of thin parts that so they may penetrate to the humours that are to be drawn out. Their Use is various, viz. 1. That the Bowels may be disburdened of corrupt Use, 1. humours. 2. Outwardly used, by them the offending humour 2. (I should have said the Peccant humour, had I written only to Scholars) is called from the internal parts of the Body to the Superficies. 3. By them the Crisis of a Disease is much helped 3. forward. 4. They are exceeding profitable to draw forth Poison 4. out of the Body. 5. Parts of the Body overcooled are cured by these 5. Medicines, viz. By applying them outwardly to the place, not only because they heat, but also because they draw the spirits by which life and and heat are cherished to the part of the Body which is destitute of them, you cannot but konws that many times parts of the Body fall away in Flesh, and their strength decays as in some people's Arms or Legs, or the like, the usual Reason is, Because the vital Spirit decays in those parts, to which use such Plasters or Ointments as are attractive (which is the Physical term for drawing Medicines) for they do not only cherish the parts by their own proper heat, but draw the Vital and Natural spirits thither, whereby they are both quickened and nourished. They are known almost by the same tokens that Attenuating Medicines are, seeing Heat, and thinness of parts is in them both, they differ only in respect of quantity, thinness of parts being most proper to Attenuating Medicines, but Attractive Medicines are hotter. Chap. 8. Of Discussive Medicines. BY Discussive Medicines I intent such as the Greeks call 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 commonly Physicians call them by the names of Diaphoreticks; in plain English, they are such Medicines as provoke Sweat, or as work by insensible transpiraton, which is another term they give to Sweeting. I quote these terms, and explain them, because I would not have my Countrymen hoodwinked with strange terms; I am half of Opinion it is one way by which they are trained up in slavery. The nature of Discussing (or Sweeting) Medicines is almost the same with Attractive, for there are no discussive Medicines but are attractive, nor scarce any attractive Medicine but is in some measure or other discussing. The difference than is only this; That discussive Medicines is hotter than attractive, and therefore nothing else need be written of their nature. Their Use may be known even from their very Use. Name; for diseases that come by repletion or fullness, are cured by evacuation or emptying, yet neither Note. Blood nor gross humours are to be expelled by Sweeting or insensible transpiration (as they call it) but the one requires Blood-letting, the other Purgation; but Serosus or thin humours and filthy vapours, and such like superfluities, are to be expelled by sweat, and be wary in this too, for many of them work violently, Caut. 1. and violent Medicines are not rashly to be given. Besides, Swellings are sometimes made so hard by Caut. 2. sweeting Medicines, that afterwards they can never be cured; For what is Thin being by such Medicines taken away, nothing but what is perfectly hard remains: If you fear such a thing, mix Emollients with them. Again, Sometimes by using Discussives, the humours Caut. 3. offending (which Physicians usually call the Peccant humour) is driven to some more noble part of the Body, or else it draws more than it discusseth; in such cases, concoct and attenuate the matter offending before you go about to discuss it. From hence may easily be gathered at what time of the Disease Discussive Medicines are to be used, viz. about the declining of the disease, although in diseases arising from heat of blood, we sometimes use them in the increase and state of them. They are known by the same marks and tokens attenuating Medicines are, viz. by their burning and biting quality, they being very hot and of thin parts, void of any biting quality, therefore they contract not the Tongue in tasting of them. Chap. 9 Of Repelling Medicines. REpelling Medicines are of Contrary operation to these three last Mentioned, viz. Attenuating, Drawing, and Discussive Medicines; 'Tis true, there is but little difference between these three, some hold none at all; and if you will be so nice, you may oppose them thus. And so Medicines making thick correspond to Attenuating Medicines, or such as make thin, repelling Medicines are opposed to such as draw, and such as retain the humours and make them tough, are oppisit to such as discuss, some hold this niceness needless. 2. The sentence of Authors about Repulsive Medicines is various: For seeing an Influxion may be caused many ways: A Repulsive hath got as many defenitions. For such things as cool, bind, stop and make thick, stay Influxions, and therefore Repulsives are by Authors opposed. not only to Attractives, but also to Attenuating, and Discussing Medicines. But properly such things are called Repulsives, which do not only stay Inflaxions, (for so do such Medicines which step and and make thick) but such as drive the humours flowing to, or inherent in the place, to some other place. The 〈◊〉 is, Binding is inherent to Repulsives, so is not coldness nor making thick: Yet such as are binding, cold and thin in operation are most effectual. Your taste will find Repulsives to be, tart, or sharp, or austere, with a certain binding which contracts the Tongue. Their Use is manifold, as in hot Tumours, headaches Use, 1. or the like. By these in Fevers are the Vapours driven from the Use, 2. Head: Vinegar of Roses is notable. They are most commodious in the beginning and Time of giving. increase of a disease, for then Influxions are most rife. But seeing that in the cure of Tumours there are two Scopes, 1 That that which flows to it may be repelled. 2 That that which is already in it may be discussed: Repulsives are most commodiously used in the beginning, discussives in the latter end. In the middle you may mix them with this Proviso, That Repulsives exceed in the beginning, Discussives in the latter end. If the matter offending be of a venomous quality, Caut. 1. either abstain from Repulsives altogether, or use Purging first, lest the matter fly to the Bowels and prove dangerous, especially if the Bowels be weak. 2. Also forbear Repulsives, if the pain be great. 3. Lastly, Have a care lest by Repulsives you contract the Pores so much, that the matter cannot be removed by Discussives. Chap. 10. Of Burning Medicines. SUch Medicines are called by the Greeks 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉, that 〈◊〉 so vehement hot that they burn the Skin like fire or scalding 〈◊〉. Physicians to keep the People in ignorance that so they may the better make slaves of them, use the Greek name [〈◊〉] Yet these also are distinguished by their degrees, for some are milder, and only cause redness to, or 〈◊〉 upon the skin, others burn both skin and flesh, and are used to make Issues. The mildest are many times used to such Limbs as Use 1. are wasted away. To burn off Hair, to dissolve hard and callous tumours, Use, 2. to consume Warts, and Polypus which is a fleshy excressence growing in the Nose, in the cure of Gouts, and Lethargies. Fistulaes' and malignant Ulcers are restrained this Use, 3. way, and dangerous defluxion of humours to the superficies of the Body and many things of the like Nature. Yet must this sort of Medicines be used very circumspectly, Caut. 1. lest it cause either Fevers or Convusions, therefore use it not at all till the Body be first well purged. If you use it to restore Limbs, temper it with milder Caut. 2. things. Lastly, Have a care lest the parts adjacent be inflamed, Caut. 3. which you may both prevent and remedy by anointing them with cool Ointments. Chap. 11. Of Cleansing Medicines. Cleansing Medicines can neither be defined by heat, nor coldness,, because some of both sorts cleanse. A cleansing Medicine then is of a terrene quality, which takes away the filth with it and carries it out. Here to avoid confusion, a difference must be made between wathing 〈◊〉 〈◊〉. Definition. A thing which 〈◊〉, carries away by Fluxion, as a man washeth the dirt off from a thing. A cleansing Medicine by a certain roughness or nitrous quality, carries away the compacted filth with it. This also is the difference between cleansing and discussing Medicines, the one makes thick humours thin, and so scatters them, but a cleansing Medicine takes the most tenacious humour along with it, without any alteration. Besides, Of cleansing Medicines some are of a gentler nature which the Greeks call 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉, some are more vehement called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉. These are not known one and the same way, for some are sweet, some salt, and some bitter. The Use of cleansing is external, as the use of Purges internal. They are used to cleanse the Sanies and other filth of Ulcers, yea and to consume and eat away the Flesh itself, as burnt Alum, Prescipetate, etc. When these must be used, not only the affects of the Ulcers, but also the temperature of the Body will tell you. For if you see either a Disease of fullness, which our Physicians call [Plethora] or corrupted humours which they call [Cacochyma] you must empty the Body of these, viz. fullness by bleeding, and corrupt humours or evil state of the Body, by purging before you use cleansing Medicines to the Ulcer, else your cure will never proceed prosperously. In the Ulcer, pain to be eased, some part of the Ulcer to 〈◊〉, Flux to be stopped, or Inflammation to be ceased will instruct a prudent Artificer. Chap. 12. Of Emplasters. BY 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 here, do I mean things glutinative, and they are clean contrary to things cleansing, They are of a fat glutenous or tenareous substance. They differ from things stopping because they do not stop the pores so much, as stick to them like Bird-lime. They have a certain glutenous heat, tempered both with coldness and moisture. From these, Plasters take their names. Their taste is either none at all, or not discernible whether hot or cold but sat, insipid or without taste or sweet, viscous in feeling. Their use is to stop flowing of Blood and other Use. Fluxes, to cause suppuration, to contain in the heat, that so tumours may be ripened. Also they are mixed with other Medicines, that they may the better be brought into the form of an Emplaster, and may stick the better to the Members. Chap. 13. Of Suppuring Medicines THese have a great affinity with Emolients, like to them in temperature, only Emollients are mething hotter. Yet is there a difference as apparent as the Sun is when he is upon the Meridian, and the use is manifest. For, Emollients are to make hard things soft; but what Suppures, rather makes a generation than an alteration of the humour. Natural heat is the efficient cause of Suppuration, neither can it be done by any external means. Therefore such things are said to suppure, which by a gentle heat cherish the inbred heat of man. This is done by such Medicines which are not only temperate in heat, but also by a gentle viscosity, fill up or stop the Pores, that so the heat of the part affected be not scattered. For although such things as bind hinder the dissipation of the Spirits, and internal heat, yet they retain not the moisture as Suppuring Medicines properly and especially do. The heat then of Suppuring Medicines is like the internal heat of our Bodies. As things then very hot, are ingrateful either by biting, as Pepper, or bitterness: in Suppuring Medicines, no biting, no binding, no nitrous quality is perceived by the taste (I shall give you better satisfaction both in this and others, by and by) For Reason will tell a man, that such things hinder rather than help the work of Nature in Maturation. Yet it follows not from hence, That all Suppuring Medicines are grateful to the taste, for many things grateful to the taste provoke Vomiting, therefore why may not the contrary be? The most frequent use of Suppuration is, to ripen 〈◊〉 Phlegmonae, a general term Physicians give to all swellings proceeding of Blood, because Nature is very apt to help such cures, and Physic is an art to help, not to hinder Nature. The time of Use is usually in the height of the disease, when the flux is stayed, as also to ripen matter that it may be the easier purged away. Chap. 14. Of Medicines provoking Urin. THe causes by which Urine is suppressed are many. 1. By too much drying, or sweeting, it may be consumed. 2. By heat or inflammation of the Reins, or passages whereby it passes from the Reins, it may be stopped by compression. Urinal is the thinnest part of Blood, separated from the thickest part in the Reins. If then the Blood be more thick and viscous than ordinary, it cannot easily be separated without cutting and cleansing Medicines. This is for certain, That Blood can neither be separated nor distributed without heat. Yet amongst Diuretics are some cold things, as the four greater cold Seeds, Winter-Cherries, and the like. Although this seem a wonder, yet may it be, and both stand with truth. For cool Diuretics, though they further not the separation of the Blood one jet, yet they cleanse and purge the passages of the Urin. Diuretics than are of two sorts: 1. Such as conduce to the separation of the Blood. 2. Such as open the Urinal passages. The former are biting (and are known by that taste) I know not a better word for Acer, than biting like Pepper. very hot and cutting, whence they penetrate to the Reins, and cut the gross humours there. Bitter things, although they be very hot and cut gross humours, yet are they of a 〈◊〉 and terrene substance, than is convenient to provoke Urin. Hence than we may safely gather, That bitter things are not so moist nor penetrating as such as bite like Pepper. Those cold things which provoke Urinal, though they by't not, yet have they a nitrous quality whereby they open and cleanse, For the Use of these the Title will instruct you, only, lest they carry the humours they find in the Veins to the Reins and so make the stopping the greater, purge those places they must pass through before you administer them. CHAP. 15. Of Medicines provoking the Terms. THose Medicines have a great affinity with those before going. For such as provoke the Terms, provoke also Urine, their Nature is almost the same, viz. Hot and of thin essence. Only thus much, to provoke the Terms not only the Blood is to be attenuated, but the mouths of the Vessels also to be opened. Such as open those Vessels carry a certain terrene quality with them, whereby they not only penetrate, but also penetrating dilate the Vessels, and carry away the filth with them. Things provoking the Terms ought to be hot in the third Degree, and yet not very dry. That there is an appointed time for the Terms to come down: every Woman that is but sixteen years old can tell you. Be sure you administer the Medicine at the time they should come down, else you will do no other good than weaken Nature. Neither must those things be neglected which may bring the Body into a fit temper for such a business If the Body be full of ill humours, purge them out first before you administer hot things, lest you 〈◊〉 the crude humours into the Veins. By avoiding the Menstruis the Body is made lighter, and nature disburdened, health 〈◊〉, 〈◊〉 procured. The retaining of them breeds Dropsies, Falling-sickness, and other cruel Diseases, yea sometimes Madness. Hypocrates denies any Women have the Gout so long as they have the Terms Chap. 16. Medicines breeding, or taking away Milk. seeing Milk is bred of Blood, there is no question to be made but the way to increase Milk, is to increase the Blood. Yet though Blood be very copious, it doth not always follow that Milk must of necessity be so too, for the Blood may be naught, or not fit to be turned into Milk, or impedited that it cannot. Those things are properly said to breed Milk, which breed much Blood, and it good, and have a moderate cutting faculty also. Such things then as breed Milk are hot and of thin parts, yet differ much from those that provoke Urine or the Terms. The other Being vehemently hot, these which breed Milk temperately hot. And if dryness be adverse to the provoking of the Terms, certainly it is most adverse to breeding 〈◊〉 Medicines which breed Milk, are in 〈◊〉 either 〈◊〉 or sweet. For seeing both Blood and Milk are temperate, or at least very moderately hot, they must be bred of such things as are not unlike to them in Nature. Such things as lessen Milk must needs be contrary to such things as increase it. This is done by drying or thickening the Blood. They are known by taste, bitter, sharp, tart, 〈◊〉, etc. and whatsoever is excessive either in heat or cold. If the Body be full of evil juice, purge it before you go about to breed Milk, for the more you nourish impure. Bodies the more you offend them. Chap. 17. Of Medicines regarding the Seed. AS Milk, so also Seed takes his Original from Blood. Therefore of necessity nourishing meats 〈◊〉 much Seed, because they beget much Blood. This is the difference between such things as breed Milk, and such as breed Seed, Seed requires a more windy 〈◊〉 than the other doth. For this faculty ought to be in Seed, that being heat with spirits it may cause the Yard to stand. Such Medicines are temperately hot and moist. Also to provoke one to the sports of Venus, we use such things as stir up the veneral faculty. These are hotter than those that increase Seed, yet not so dry that they should consume the Seed. Take notice of this 〈◊〉, that some things dull Venus by cold, and some over power her by 〈◊〉. The one of those 〈◊〉 the Seed, the other makes it torped and sluggish, stays the Itching. For the Seed of Man is subject to as many contingents as the Man himself is. It is not my 〈◊〉 here to treat of them, for such things as make Seed either thinner or thicker, are not properly said to breed Seed. For the time, when Seed should be increased; I need say nothing, unless I should say when a Man hath got a pretty 〈◊〉. If the Body be vicious, let it first be purged, let Seed be entreased before it be provoked. Biting things lessen the Seed, stir up the Venerial parts to expulsion, cause Itching, or tickling of the 〈◊〉, therefore they are good to be used a little before the act, otherwise the constant use of them, consumes and 〈◊〉 the Seed. Observe thus much, that one and the same Medicine doth not suit with every complexion, for example, If the person be 〈◊〉 let the Medicine be the hotter. The use of these Medicines is the propagation of Mankind, for the desire of Children inches many to Copulation, but the pleasure that is in the 〈◊〉 ten times more. Chap. 18. Of Medicines casing Pain. THere is no dispute of the story but that which causeth the disease causeth the pain, as also what 〈◊〉 the disease caseth the pain. Yet are those properly called 〈◊〉, (which is the Physical term for such Medicines) which barely regard the pain, both cause and disease remaining. These are temperate for heat, and thin for essence. For seeing they are to be applied both to hot and cold effects, they ought not to vary much from temperature. They something excel in heat, and so they ease pain, because they open the pores, and loosen the skin. But they also cool because they let out those hot fuliginous vapours which cause the pain. Such things as case pain by 〈◊〉, are called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉, not 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉; 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉, not 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉. They do not take away the pain at all, 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 cause sleep, or so dull the senses that they cannot 〈◊〉 it. They are administered at such times when the Symptoms are so grievous that they threaten a 〈◊〉 danger than the disease is. If in giving them, you fear a greater fluxion will come to the part afflicted, mix some things with them, which are medicinal for the disease. If the pain lie in the skin, let the anodynes beliquid; the deeper it lies, the more solid let them be, lest their virtue be discussed before they come at the part afflicted. CHAP. 19 Of Medicines breeding Flesh. THere are many things diligently to be observed in the cures of Wounds and Ulcers, which incur and hinder that the cure cannot be speedily done, nor the separated parts reduced to their natural state. Viz. Fluxes of Blood, 〈◊〉, Hardness, Pain and other things besides our present scope. Our present scope is, To show how the cavity of Ulcers may be filled with Flesh, Such Medicines are called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉, sarcotics. This, though it be the work of Nature, yet it is helped forward with Medicines, that the Blood may be prepared, that it may the easier be turned into Flesh. These are not Medicines which breed good Blood, nor which correct the intemperature of the place afflicted, but which defend the Blood and the Ulcer itself from corruption in breeding Flesh. For Nature in breeding Flesh produceth two sorts of excrements, viz. serosus humours, and purulentus dross. Those Medicines then which cleanse and consume, these by drying are said to breed Flesh, because by their helps Nature performs that Office. Also take notice that these Medicines are not so drying that they should consume the blood also as well as the Sanies, nor so cleansing that they should consume the Flesh with the dross. Let them not then exceed the first Degree unless the Ulcer be very moist. Their difference are various according to the part wounded, which ought to be restored with the same Flesh. The softer than and tenderer the place is, the gentler let the Medicines be. Chap. 20. Of Glutinative Medicines. THat is the true cure of an Ulcer which joins the mouth of it together. That is a glutinative Medicine, which couples together by drying and binding, the sides of an Ulcer before brought together. These require a greater drying faculty than the former, not only to consume what flows out, but what remains liquid in the flesh, for liquid flesh is more subject to flow abroad than to stick together. The time of using them, any body may know without teaching, viz. when the Ulcer is cleansed and filled with Flesh, and such symptoms as hinder are taken away. For many times Ulcers must be kept open that the Sanies, or sords that lie in them may be purged out, whereas of themselves they would heal before. Only beware left by too much binding you cause pain in tender parts. Chap. 21. Of Scarifying Medicines. THe last part of the cure of an Ulcer is to cover it with Skin, and restore the place to its prestin beauty. Such Medicines the Greeks call Epulotica. This also is done by things drying and binding. They differ from the former thus, in that they meddle with the Flesh no further than only to convert it into Skin. Before you administer Epuloticks, let not only the Ulcer but the places adjacent be 〈◊〉 viewed, lest ill Symptoms follows. Chap. 22. Of Medicines resisting Poison. SUch Medicines ' are called Alexiteria, and Alexipharmaca, which resist Poison. Some of these resist Poison by Astral influence, and some Physicians (though but few) can give a reason of it. These they have sorted into three Ranks. 1. Such as strengthen Nature that so it may 〈◊〉 the Poison the easier. 2. Such as oppose the Poison by a contrary quality. 3. Such as violently thrust it out of doors. Such as strengthen Nature against Poison either do it to the whole Body universally, or else strengthen some particular part thereof. For many times one particular part of the Body is most afflicted by the Poison, suppose the Stomach, Liver, Brain, or any other part, such as cherish and strengthen those parts being weakened, may be said to resist Poison. Such as strengthen the Spirits, strengthen all the Body. Sometimes Poisons kill by their quality, and then are they to be corrected by their contraries. They which kill by cooling are to be remedied by heating, and the contrary, they which kill by corrhoding are to be cured by lenitives such as temper their acrimony. Those which kill by Induration, or Coagulation require cutting Medicines. Also because all Poisons are in motion, neither stay they in one till they have seized and oppressed the Fountain of Life, therefore have they invented another faculty to stay their motion, viz. Terrene and Emplastic. For they judge, if the Poison light upon these Medicines, they embrace them round with a viscous quality. Also they say the ways and passages are stopped by such means, to hinder their proceeding, take Terra Lemnia for one. Truly if these Reasons be good, which I leave to future time to determine, it may be done for a little cost. Some are of opinion that the safest way is to expel the Poison out of the Body, so soon as may be, and that is done, by Vomit, or Purge, or Sweat. You need not question the time, but do it assoon as may be; for there is no Parlying with Poison. Let Vomiting be the first, Purging the next, and Sweeting the last. This is general. But, If thou dost but observe the nature and motion of he Venem, that will be thy best Instructor. In the Stomach it requires Vomiting, in the Blood and Spirits Sweeting; if the Body be Plethoric, Bleeding; if full of evil humours, Purging. Lastly, The Cure: being ended, strengthen the parts afflicted. Thus our common Physicians, But out of question, Medecines whose operation is by Astral influence, are both safest and speediest, not only in this but in all other Diseases, but this is beside my present scope, and Physicians confess is hid from their eyes, that belongs to my own Model, which I trust in God I shall live to perfect. This is that that curés diseases per se, the other per accidens; this Moderns quite neglected: some Ancients were groping at it, though left it not to posterity. Chap. 23. Of Medicines Adorning the Body. SUch Medicines as adorn the Body, adding Comeliness and Beauty to it, are called in Greek 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉. Beauty is a blessing of God, and every one ought to preserve it; they offend as much that neglect it, as they do that paint their Faces. They are apropriated to the Skin, Hair, and Teeth. The Skin is pestered with Spots, Pimples, Freckles, Wrinkles and Sunburning. The Hair either falls off, or hangs not as it should do. The Teeth are either loose, or fall out, or stink, or are black. Spots and Sun-burning, as also blackness of the Teeth are to be taken away by cleansing Medicines, of which before. Redness of the Face proceedeth from divers causes, therefore are the remedies as divers. If of heat, cool the Blood; if it be impacted to the Skin, use extenuating Medicines; if of both, use both. If the failing be extrinsical, use extrinsical Medicines; if intrinsical, let the remedy be so also. Wrinkles are taken away by Laxative, Lenient, and Emollient Medicines. For falling off of Hair, correct the pravity of the humour that causeth it. Gentle heat breeds hair, and preserves it; cleansing and corrhoding Medicines take it away. Drying and binding Medicines cause Hair to curl. Cleansing things make the Teeth clean, binding things strengthen them, but have a care they have not a blackish quality with them, which is incident to many binding Medicines. Cleansing and discussing Medicines take Scurf or Dandrif from the Head. In all these, see the Bowels be clean, else local Medicines are applied in vain. In preserving Hair, only two things are considerable. 1. To contract the pores. 2. To see that the Hair have nourishment. Chap. 24. Of Purging Medicines. MUch jarring hath been amongst Physicians about Purging Medicines, namely whether they draw the humours to them by a hidden quality, which in plain English is, they know not how; or whether they perform their office by a manifest quality, viz. By heat, dryness, coldness, or moisture; It is not my present scope to enter the lists of a Dispute about the business, neither seems it such a hidden thing to me that every like should draw its like, only to make the matter as plain as I can, I subdivide this Chapter into these following Parts. 1. Cautions concerning Purging. 2. Of the choice purging Medicines. 3. Of the time of taking them. 4. Of the correcting of them. 5. Of the manner of Purging. Cautions concerning Purging. IN this, first consider diligently, and be exceeding cautious in it too, what the matter offending is, what part of the Body is afflicted by it, and which is the best way to bring it out. Only here by the way first, have a care of giving Vomits, for they usually work more violently, and afflict the Body more than Purges do, therefore are not fit for weak Bodies, be sure the matter offending lie in the tunicle of the Stomach, else is a Vomit given in vain. Secondly, Vomits are more dangerous for Women than Men, especially such as are either with Child, or subject to the Fits of the Mother. This is the first Caution. Secondly, What Medicine is apropriated to the purging of such a humour, for seeing the offending matter is not alike in all, the purging Medicine ought not to be the same to all. I shall speak more of this anon. As also of the divers ways whereby Medicines draw out or cast out humours, viz. By lenifying, cleansing, provoking Nature to expulsion, and (which is stranger than the Doctor's hidden Quality) some purge by binding, but indeed and in truth such as are properly called purging Medicines, which besides these faculties have gotten another, by which they draw, or call out the humours from the most remote parts of the Body, whether these do it by heat, or by an hidden quality, Physicians are scarce able to determine, it being very well known to modern Physicians though the Ancient denied it, that many cold Medicines purge: For my part I shall forbear the Dispute here, not because I am not able to answer it, but because I would train up my Country men first a little better in the Grounds of Physic, it being my Opinion that young Physicians as well as young Christians ought not to be led into doubtful Disputations. This is the Second Caution. Thirdly, There is this Faculty in all the Purges of Galen's Model (because he gives the whole Simple, which must needs consist of divers qualities, because the Creation is made up of, and consists by a harmony of contraries) there is (I say) this Faculty in all Purges of that Nature, that they contain in them a substance which is inimical both to the Stomach and Bowels, and some are of opinion this doth good, namely, Provokes Nature the more to expulsion; the reason might be good if the Foundation of it were so, for by this reason Nature herself should purge not the Medicine, and a Physician who takes his name from 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 which signifies Nature, should help Nature in her business and not hinder her. But to forbear being critical, this substance which I told you was inimical to the Stomach, must be corrected in every Purge; And this is my Third Caution. Fourthly, The choice of Purging Medicines is very difficult, they are not Physic for every Ignoramus to prescribe, for some purge gently, some violently, some are apropriated to Phlegm, some to Choler, some to Melancholy, and some to Water, or serosus humours: Consider this but duly, and withal, what mischief may accrue by giving a Medicine purging Choler, in a Disease proceeding of Phlegm or watery humours, you may easily see without a pair of Spectacles, that it cannot but weaken the Spirits exceedingly, and abate Natural heat, which is all Nature hath to help herself in such a case, as also hinder the clarification of the Blood which is done by Choler, thereby increasing the Disease, and opening a gap to let out Life, and let in Death; It were vain to recite what mischiefs may follow the giving of violent Purges to weak Bodies, or to strong Bodies where the humour offending is not tough and viscous, but fluid and easy to be carried away, I shall touch upon them by and by, only here you may see reason enough, why I am so long upon this Subject. Lastly, When you perfectly know the humour offending, the convenient Medicine, and fit correction for it, the time and manner of using it remains to be enquired into. These I thought to premise by way of Caution before I come to the matter itself intended, and so much the rather because people from one Generation to another have been so trained up in ignorance by Physicians who have absconded the Method of Physic from them, that now like mad men (oppression having almost, if not altogether made them so) when they all any thing, they take any Purge what their next Neighbour adviseth them to, right or wrong 'tis no matter, their wit in, and consideration of the business being much at one. Of the Choice of Purging Medicines. WE told you before, that purging Medicines were apropriated to certain humours, the redundancy or overflowing of which causeth diseases in the Body of Man, of these such as proceed from Blood are not to be remedied by Purging. The Humours to be purged are Four, viz. Phlegm. Watery Humour. Choler. Melancholy. According to the quality of these are Purging Medicines to be chosen. Before I come to them, give me leave to premise one word or two, I shall only here quote Purging Simples because I am now upon the Simples, I shall touch upon the Purging Compounds when I come unto them, and if any ask why I meddle with no other Medicines than what the College makes use of, tell them the reason is, Because the College have so ordered the matter, that a man can buy no other for his money. The most noted qualities of Purging Medicines. I shall first give you a Synopsis or Joynt-view of Purging Simples usually to be had. Secondly, speak as briefly as I can of their Properties. Purging Simples work Gently. Strongly. Such as work gently, either 〈◊〉 Choler, As, Wormwood, Centaury, Aloes, Hops, Mercury, Mallows, Peach leaves and flowers, Damask Roses, Blue Violets, Cassia Fistula, Citron Mirobalans, Prunes, Tamarinds, Rhubarb, Rhapontick, Manna. Purge Phlegm, As, Hyssop, Hedge Hyssop, Bastard Saffron, Broom flowers, Elder flowers, Myrobalans, Bellerick, Chebs, and Emblicks, the Seed of Bastard Saffron and Broom, jalap and Mechoacan. Watery Humours. The Leaves, Bark and Roots of Elder, and Dwarf Elder, or Walwort, Elder Flowers, Broom Flowers, Agrick, jalap, Mechoacan, Orris, or Flower-de-luce Roots. Melancholy. Senna, Fumitory, Dodder, Epithimum, Indian Myrobalans, Polipodium, Whey, Lapis Lazuli etc. Violent Simples purge Choler, As The Seeds of Spurge, the Bark and Root of the same, Scammony, Elaterium. Phlegm and Water. Elaterium, Euphorbium, Spurge, Opopanax, Sarcocolla, Briony Roots, Turbith, Hermodactils, Colocynthis, Wild Cucumbers, Showbread, Mezereon, Squils. Melancholy. Hellebore white and black. Secondly, In all these observe, That such as are gentle are only to be given to delicate and tender bodies, whether the body be weak naturally, or caused so by sickness, above all give not vomits to weak stomaches, for the Fundament is ordained by nature to avoid the Excrements and not the mouth, which was ordained to take in, not to vomit out, therefore use vomits as seldom as may be. But for the Election of Purges, Let such as are apropriated to phlegm and Melancholy be mixed with such things as are thin in substance, and of a cutting quality, because these humours are tough, gentle Medicines will serve to evacuate Water and Choler usually, I say [usually] because sometimes water requires such Medicines, as are of force to call them from the extreme parts of the Body, and such must needs be violent in operation. I entreat all young Students in Physic to be very careful in administering violent Medicines, and that never without due preparation of the Body beforehand, never unless the humour be so repugnant that it will not yield to gentler: And oh! that simple people would learn to be but so wise as to let them alone, and not take them themselves, the evil they may do them (if not regulated by an abler brain than dwells in their skulls) is certain, the good very uncertain; for such violent Medicines as purge Choler if immoderately taken, first draw the Choler, than the Phlegm, afterwards the Melancholy, than they cuase corrosions and draw the blood; Such as purge Phlegm and Water violently when they have drawn that, than they draw the Choler, then Melancholy, they then corrode, and so either by excoriation or opening the mouths of the Veins, bloody Fluxes also follow, and many times the disease ends in the Grave; and so also the immoderate Purgation of Melancholy, first draws Choler (I mean after the Melancholy is evacuated) than Phlegm, and ends as the other do, but I think this is enough to wise men. To return. If you prepare the body beforehand (you will not want instructions how to do it in the COMPOUNDS) then gentler Medicines will serve the turn, and therefore such Medicines as purge Water, add but cutting Medicines to them, and they purge Phlegm. And then again, I desire you to take notice that such Medicines as have a binding quality in them are very hurtful to tough Phlegm, and Melancholy, because the humours themselves being tough they make them the tougher, but they are most proper for choler and putrified 〈◊〉, because the first of them often causeth Defluxions, the second a looseness. Again, Another thing I thought good to give notice of, and so much the rather because I have seen it printed in English, and heard it contended for by Students in Physic, yet is the conceit very dangerous, viz. That the operations of Purging Medicines may be known by their colours, for say they, white Medicines purge Phlegm; black, Melancholy; and yellow, Choler: I confess some Ancient Physicians were of this apish Opinion, which in no wise holds true in the general, though in some particulars it may. Of the time of Purging. IT was the Opinion of Hypocrates always to prepare the Body with hot and cutting Syrups before the purging Medicine be given, with this Proviso, That the matter be not so hot that it be thrust into the Veins and cause Fevers. If your Purge must be strong, take some lenitive Purge, or else a Clyster before you take it, lest the passages being not opened, the matter being violently expelled be stopped in its passage, and so either colics, or vehement Belly-ach, or worse mischief follow. Let it be two hours ere you drink, and four or five ere you eat after you have taken a Purge, and let your Stomach be empty when you take them. 1. Lest being mixed with the nourishment they lose their force, and so Nature convert them into nourishment, thereby corrupting the Blood. 2. All Purges are enemies to Nature, and if you mix them with food, Nature detains them the longer, and by consequence is the more prejudiced by them. 3. It is very unfitting to molest Dame Nature with two several motions at one time, viz. To expel the Purge and the obnoxious humour with it, and also at the same time to nourish the Body. As for Lenitives or gentle Purges, and many Pills, they may safely be taken at night, as you were taught in the first part of my Directory, to which I refer you for Directions in all Purges, and I shall have a word or two to say concerning Vomits before I have done this Book: I refer it here therefore to its proper place. I shall here conclude with this Caveat, Never take sweet things after Purges, because the Liver draws them so greedily that they soon turn the Purge to aliment, which if any thing will bring mischiefs more than enough to the Body, this will. Of the correcting of Purging Medicines IN Purging Medicines are many things considerable which are either to be helped forwards or corrected, for of Purges some work too slowly, others too violently. Or to be a little more distinct, some vices of a Purge may be known before it is given, and others not till after, I shall begin with the first. There is this almost properly in all Purges, that they are obnoxious to the Stomach, and indeed to Nature itself, therefore mix some things with them which strengthen the Heart and Stomach. Again, The gentlest Purgers that are have one discommodity in them that they are easily turned to Wind, therefore mix such things with them as expel wind (the former Rules amongst the Simples will furnish you with enough and more than enough of either) for although they be not windy of themselves, yet by their heat they stir up wind, though they meét with Phlegm, or Melancholy. Violent Purges by their Acrimony or sharp gnawing quality are inimical to the Bowels, which must in no wise be corrected with binding Physics, for that will mend them as the Fletcher mends his Bolt, viz. Spoil all, and that by keeping them so long in the Body; such things as make slippery, lenify, and something thicken, are proper corrigents for them, such are Quince Seeds, Mallows, Gum Tragacanth, and the like. After the Purge is given, it may offend on either hand, viz. By working either not at all, or too violently, If it work not at all, take hot Broths; if they will not do the deed, use a Clyster. Various and manifold are the evils that a Purge working too violently may afflict upon the Body of Man, and very dangerous, for such may produce these, or any of these consequences, and poor silly people that take them, never know whence they come. 1. Fevers 2. Vehement Headache. 3. Vertigo or Dissiness in the Head. 4. Weakness of Sight. 5. Weakness of Digestion. 6. Loss of Appetite. 7. Ulcers in the Bowels. 8. Hiccoughs. 9 Bloody Fluxes. 10. Tenasmus. 11. Weakness of the Body. 12. Convulsions. If you feel these, or any of these Symptoms after Purging, you may give a shrewd guess, either your Purge was not proper for your Disease, or else wrought too violently. It is not my present Task to show you how to remedy these, the Table at the latter end will instruct you with Medicines for each, and you cannot be more unwilling to pay for one thing twice, than I am to write it. For preventing such evils as these are (or others which perhaps a man might find in Authors) accept of these following Aphorisms. 1. Be sure you strengthen the Heart, for if that fail, all will be naught. 2. When you perceive your Purge works too violently, you may then know Nature hath got an Enemy that is too hard for her, therefore make as much hast as you can to expel him, ease your Body of the Purge so soon as you can, for the longer it stays in your Body, the more inimical it proves, either poisoning it, or leaving such Symptoms behind it as we mentioned even now, which may be done by drinking much Barley Water (or for want of it take any warm Water, that is clean, as Spring Water or the the like) wherein the Seeds of Fleawort, or Quince Seeds, or Gum Tragacanth is dissolved, for that makes the passages slippery, and hinders excoriation of the Bowels: Country people that know not how to get these, may boil two handfuls of Mallows in a quart of Water to a pint, and drink it up, if that help not, let them drink another. 3. If you find the Mouths of the Veins be opened, which you may know if much blood come from you without any skins, then take a Clyster made only of new Milk, a drachm of Mastic in powder being added to it. 4. Oil of sweet Almonds taken inwardly, an ounce at a time, and as often as you will, is excellent in such a case, but let it be newly drawn. 5. Juice of Quinces, Syrup of Quinces, Preserved Quinces, or that which in Suffex the Gently call Marmilade is very good; according to 〈◊〉 in such a case to be taken often. 6. 〈◊〉 the Belly and Stomach with Oil of Roses as hot as can be endured, after which sprinkle the powder of Mastic, or for want of it powder of Gall, or red Rose Leaves upon them; if you apply any Rose Cake to the Belly in such a case it would do good. Lastly, If for all this the matter grow desperate and will not be stopped, Mesue leaves two remedies more, which he desires may be the last that are used; and truly so do I, only I shall quote his last first, because I hold it (of the two) the safest. His last (but my first) is this; To take three grains of Laudanum, or if your Body be weak, but two. The Second is, To take a Vomit, thereby to divert the humours from their unbridled Course downward. Of the Way, or Manner of Purging. VArious is the way, and manner of Purging, according to the variety of the humour offending; concerning which, take these few and brief Rules, which may serve you as a Candle and Lantern to light you through the dark mist of your ignorance, which Physicians have envelupted you in, till such time as the Sun of Light begin to rise upon you. 1. If the humours be to be drawn from remote parts of the Body, as the Head, Arms, Feet, or the like, let the Purge be made up in a hard form as Pills are, for by that means it stays the longer in the Body, and is in all reason therefore the better able to perform its Office. 2. If the afflicting humour lie in the Bowels, or parts adjacent, use liquid Medicines, for they operate speediest, and the Bowels are soon hurt by Purging Medicines. 3. The infusion of such Medicines as leave a binding quality behind them, or their Decoction is most fitting to be used, for it is the earthy (quality of them which binds, much of which is cast away in an Infusion or Decoction, but all of it taken if you take the body of the simple. Such Purging Medicines as do leave a binding quality behind them, the chiefest of them are these, Aloes, Wormwood, Damask Roses, Rhubarb, Rhapontick, all the five sorts of Myrobalans, Prunes, Tamarinds, etc. If the matter be tough, viseous, and long 〈◊〉, it is impossible to carry it away all at once, your way then is to take gentle Purges, and take them often; for if the Purge be too strong, it will weaken Nature so, that the House (I mean the Body) will fall down before you can cleanse it of the filth; and of such a Nature usually is Melancholy. As for the Doses of Purges it is impossible to prescribe such general Rules, but they must of necessity do far more harm than good, for particulars you may if you please find them, in the first part of the Book concerning Simples, and in that part concerning Compounds. FINIS. AN ALPHABETICAL TABLE TO THE ENGLISH NAMES IN THE Catalogue of Simples. A directs to the first Column, B to the second, the Number to the Page. ROOTS. A ALkanet b 3 Angelica b 3 Anthora b 3 Asarabacca a 4 Asphodel Male a 4 — Female a 4 Avens b 4 Artichokes b 5 B Bay-Tree b 7 Bearsbreech a 3 Birthwort Long b 3 — Round a 4 Branck-Ursine a 3 Beets b 4 Bistort b 4 borage b 4 Burdock a 4 Briony b 4 Bugloss b 4 Brakes b 6 Butter-burr a 8 Bruscus b 9 Butcher's broom b 9 C Calamus Aromaticus b 4 Capers b 4 Carrots b 5 〈◊〉 white a 5 — Black a 5 Chelondine 〈◊〉 a 5 — Lesser a 5 China a 5 〈◊〉 b 4 Centaury a 5 Costus b 5 Corralwort b 5 Cucumbers wild b 5 Cyperus long b 5 — Round b 5 Chamock a 8 Cinkfoyl a 8 Canterbury, or Coventry Bells b 10 D Danewort a 6 Doronicuns a 6 Dittany a 6 Dragons a 6 Dwarf-Elder a 6 Dropwort b 6 E Elicampane b 6 Endive b 6 Eringo b 6 F Fearn b 6 Filipendula b 6 Flower-de-luce a 3 Fuller's thistle b 7 Figwort a 10 Fennel a 7 G Garlick a 3 Galanga greater a 7 — Lesser a 7 Gentian 〈◊〉 7 Grass a 7 Ginger b 10 Gladen stinking a 10 H Hartwort a 10 Hermodactils a 7 Hellebore white a 6 — Black b 6 Houndstongue b 7 Horestrange b 8 Hogs-Fennel b 8 I Jacinth a 7 K Kneeholly b 9 L Ladies Thistle a 10 Liquoris a 7 Lilies white b 7 Lovage b 7 Leeks a 9 M Marsh-mallows b 3 Meadow Saffron b 5 Masterwort b 7 Mallows b 7 Mandrakes b 7 Mechoacan b 7 Mezereon a 8 Mulberry a 8 Monks Rhubarb b 9 Meadsweet b 10 O Onions a 5 Orris a 7 P Parspips a 8 Patience b 9 Plantain b 8 Petasitis a 8 Peony b 8 Pellitory of Spain a 9 Pollipodium b 8 R Reeds common a 4 — Sugar a 4 Restharrow a 8 Rhapontick a 9 Rhubarb a 9 Radishes b 9 Rose roots b 9 S Sarsaparilla b 9 Satyrion b 9 Saxifrage white b 9 Scabious b 9 Scorzonera a 10 Setwal b 10 Seseli a 10 Scirrets a 10 Showbread a 4 Swallow-wort a 4 Asparagus a 4 Snakeweed b 4 Sullendine a 5 Succory b 5 Spurge b 6 Sharp-pointed-dock b 7 Sorrel b 7 Spignel b 7 Spurge-Olive a 8 Spicknard a 8 Sulphur-wort b 8 solomon's Seal a 9 T tansy a 10 Teazles b 7 Toothwort b 5 Turmerick b 5 Tormentil a 10 Throatwort b 10 Toadstools b 10 Tripolium b 10 Turbith b 10 V Valerian white b 4 — Red Vipers bugloss a 6 Valerian great b 8 — Small b 8 Viper's grass a 10 Victorialis b 10 W Waterflag a 3 Wake-robin a 4 Walwort a 6 Water-lilies a 8 Widdow-wail a 8 Z Zedoary b 10 BARKS. A Ash-tree b 11 B Barberries a 11 Beans b 11 C Cassia Lignea a 11 Chestnuts a 11 Cinnamon a 11 Citrons b 11 Cork b 12 E Elder b 12 Elm b 12 H Hazel a 11 L Lemmons b 12 Linetree b 12 M Mace a 12 O Oak b 12 Oranges a 11 P Parsly roots a 12 Pine-nuts a 12 Pomegranates b 11 S Smallage roots a 11 T Tamaris b 12 W Walnuts b 11 WOODS. Brazil a 12 Cypress a 12 Ebeny a 12 〈◊〉 a 12 Rhodium b 12 Sanders red b 12 — white b 12 — yellow b 12 Rosewood a 12 Sassafras b 12 Tamaris b 12 Wood of Aloes a 12 Nephriticum b 12 HERBS. A Adders-tongue a 22 Agrimony a 13 Agnus Castus a 13 Alkanet a 13 Angelica a 14 Asarabacca b 14 Arrach b 14 Alecost b 14 Avens a 16 Artichokes a 17 Ash-tree leaves b 18 Alehoof a 19 Alexander's b 19 Arsmart b 19 B Bay-tree a 20 Balm a 21 Bazil a 22 〈◊〉 a 13 〈◊〉 b 14 Burdock b 14 Betony a 15 Blites a 15 Borrage a 15 Briony a 15 Bugloss b 15 Bugle b 15 Boxtree b 15 Brooklime b 16 〈◊〉- Plantain a 17 Blue-bottle b 17 Burstwort a 18 Broom b 18 Butter-flowers a 23 Brulsewort b 23 Bindweed a 24 C Cabbages a 16 Calaminth b 15 Carduus benedictus a 16 Cassidony b 24 Catmints a 16 Centaury b 16 Cetrach b 16 Chamomel b 16 Chelondine a 17 Chervil b 〈◊〉 Chickweed b 〈◊〉 Cleavers a 14 Columbines a 14 Costmary b 14 Corrallina a 16 〈◊〉 a 16 Chamepitys b 16 Comfry a 17 Cotton-weed a 17 Cudweed a 17 Crosswort b 17 Cypress-tree b 17 Cranebill b 18 Cowslips b 22 Clary b 19 cinquefoil b 22 Coltsfoot a 25 Camel's hay b 23 Crowfoor a 23 D Dandelyon b 24 Daisies a 15 Dill a 14 Distaf-Thistle b 14 Dictamni b 17 Dwarf-Elder a 18 Dodder a 18 Doves-foot b 〈◊〉 Double-tongue b 19 Dittander a 20 Duckmeat a 20 Docks a 23 Devilsbit b 24 Dittany b 17 E Elicampane a 18 Epithimum a 18 Eyebright a 18 F Fennel b 18 Fumitory b 18 Featherfew a 21 Fleabane a 23 Figwort a 24 Flixweed a 24 G Garlick b 13 Good Henry a 15 Goos-grass a 14 Groundsel a 16 Germander a 17 Groundpine b 17 Golden rod a 17 Goats Rue b 18 Gold knobs a 23 H Herb twopences a 22 Harts-tongue b 20 Hearts-ease a 25 Housleek b 14 Honey-suckles b 15 Herb Bennet a 16 Horstail a 16 Hemlock a 17 Houndstongue b 17 Hedg-hysop a 19 Horstongue a 19 Hyssop b 19 Herb Mastich a 21 Hops b 20 Horehound b 20 Higtaper a 25 I Indian leaf b 18 Ivy a 19 K King Cob a 23 Knapweed b 24 Knotgrass b 16 L Lady Mantle a 18 Lluellin a 15 Lady's Thistle a 16 Larks heel a 17 Lavender Cotton b 17 Ladies Bedstraw b 18 Liver-wort a 19 Laurel of Alexandria a 20 Lavender a 20 Laurel a 20 Lettuce a 20 Lovage a 20 Lungwort a 23 M Marigold b 15 Maidenhair a 13 Maudlin a 13 Marsh-mallows b 13 Marjoram b 13 Mousear b 14 Mugwort a 14 Muschata b 18 Masterwort b 20 Mastick-tree a 21 Mallows b 20 Mandrakes b 20 Melilot a 21 Mints a 21 Mercury a 21 〈◊〉 b 21 Moss b 21 Myrtle-tree b 21 Moneywort a 22 Mother of Time a 24 Mullin a 25 N Navil-wort b 25 Nep a 16 Nettles b 25 Nightshade a 24 O Oak of Jerusalem a 15 Ox-eye b 15 Orpine b 17 One-berry a 19 Origany Origanum a 22 P Pansies a 25 Patience b 19 Paul's Bettony a 15 Pimpernel a 14 Perewinkle b 25 Primroses b 22 Pellitory of the wall a 19 Pepper-wort a 20 Penyroyal b 22 Peach leaves b 22 Plantain b 22 Poppies a 22 Poley-mountain b 22 Purslain b 22 R Rocket a 18 Ruptue wort a 18 Rosemary a 23 Roses a 23 Rue a 23 S Sampire b 17 〈◊〉 confound a 17 Sage b 23 Sanicle b 23 Savin b 23 Savory b 23 Saxifrage b 23 Schaenanth b 23 Southernwood a 13 Sorrel a 13 Smallage a 14 Silverweed a 14 Showbread a 14 Sengreen b 14 Shepherds-purse b 15 Spleenwort b 16 Sullendine a 17 Succory a 17 Strawberry leaves b 18 Stinking Groundpine a 19 Saint Johns-wort b 19 Sciatica-cresses b 19 Star-wort a 20 Share-wort a 20 Sea Bugloss b 20 Sea Lavender b 20 Sweet trefoil b 20 selfheal b 21 Sicklewort b 22 Sopewort b 23 Scordium 〈◊〉 23 Senna a 24 Sow-thistles a 24 Spinach b 24 Stoechas b 24 Spurge b 24 Swallow-wort b 25 T Tamaris b 24 tansy b 24 Teazles b 17 True-love a 19 Tongueblade b 19 Toad-flax a 20 Treacle-mustard b 21 Tobacco b 21 Turnips a 23 Time b 24 trefoil a 25 V Vervain-mallows b 13 Vipers bugloss a 18 Vervain a 25 Violet leaves b 25 Vine leaves b 25 W Water-cresses b 21 Walwort a 18 Wormwood a 13 Wood-sorrel b 13 Woodroof a 14 Wild tansy a 14 Wild-flower a 19 Woad a 20 Widdow-wail b 21 Winter-green a 23 Willow leaves b 23 Y Yarrow b 21 FLOWERS. Bawn a 26 Balaustins 26 borage 26 Bugloss 26 Beans 26 Broom 26 Centaury 26 Chamomel 26 Clove gillyflowers 26 Cowslips 26 Elder flowers 26 Hops 26 Honey-suckles 26 Lavender flowers 26 Mallows 26 Peach-tree 26 Rosemary 26 Roses 26 Saffron 26 Stoechas 26 Schaenanth 26 Succory 26 Walflowers 26 Water-lilies 26 Winter gillyflowers 26 FRUITS. BUDS. Apricocks 27 Bay-berries 27 Barberries 27 Bitter Almonds 27 Capers 27 Cassia Fistula 27 Checkers 27 Cherries 27 Cloves 27 Cucumbers 27 Cubebs 27 Currants English 27 Dates 27 Figs 27 Galls 27 Medlars 27 Melones 27 Myrobalans 27 Nutmegs 27 Olives 27 Pepper 27 Pears 27 Plums 27 Pinenuts 27 Pompions 27 Prunes 27 Quinces 27 Raisins 27 Sebestens 27 Services 27 Strawberries 27 Tamarinds 27 Walnuts 27 Winter cherries 27 SEEDS. Annis 28 〈◊〉- tree 28 Bazil 28 Bishops-weed 28 Broom 28 Cardamons 28 Carrots 28 Coriander 28 Cummin 28 Chich-pease 28 Dill 28 Fenugreek 28 Fennel 28 French barley 28 Four greater cold Seeds 28 Citrons 28 Gromwel 28 Lettuce 28 Linseed 28 Lupins 28 Mallows 28 Mustardseed 28 Nettles 28 Nigella 28 Peony 28 Poppy 28 Purslain 28 Rocket 28 Rue 28 Smallage 28 Stavesager 28 Sorrel 28 Succory 28 Water-cresses 28 White Saxifrage 28 Wormseed 28 GUMS, ROZINS. Aloes 29 〈◊〉 29 Ammoniacum 29 Bdellium 29 Benzoin 29 Camphire 29 Diagrydium 29 Elemni 29 Frankincense 29 Galbanum 29 Labdanum 29 Manna 29 Mastic 29 Myrrh 29 Olibanum 29 Opopanax 29 Sanguis Draconis 29 Scammony 29 Styrax Calamitis 29 Traganth 29 Turpentine 29 JUICES. Citrons 29 Lemons 29 Liquoris 29 Sugar 29 PLANTS. Agrick 30 Misleto 30 LIVING CREATURES. Crabfish 30 Earthworms 30 Eels 30 Grasshoppers 30 Hedg-sparrows 30 Oysters 30 Pigeons 30 Sows 30 Swallows 30 Vipers 30 Woodlice 30 PARTS OF LIVING CREATURES. Bear's grease 31 Bone in a Stag's heart 31 Bone in a Hare's foot 31 Brain of Sparrows 31 Brain of Hares 31 Cats head 31 Crabs eyes 31 Cocks stones 31 Castorium 31 Ducks liver 31 Ducks grease 31 Elks claws 31 Fox lungs 31 Fox grease 31 Frogs liver 31 Goats Bladder 31 Goats suet 31 Goose grease 31 Capons grease 31 Hartshorn 31 Honey 32 Ivory 31 Kites head 31 Man's skull 31 Mans fat 31 Milk 31 Os Triquetrum 31 Stags pizle 31 Sheep's bladder 31 Raw silk 32 Unicorns horn 31 Wax 32 BELONGING TO THE SEA. Amber 32 〈◊〉 32 Foam of the Sea 32 Pearls 32 Red Coral 32 Sea sand 32 Sperma Ceti 32 METALS. STONES. 〈◊〉 33 Alum 33 Amethyst 33 Bezoar 33 Brimstone 33 Carbuncle 33 Cocks stone 33 Diamond 33 Emerald 33 Granate 33 Gold 33 Jacinth 33 Jasper 33 〈◊〉 34 Led 33 Litharge 33 Nephriticus 33 Pompholix 33 Ruby 33 Saphire 33 Swallows 〈◊〉 34 〈◊〉 33 〈◊〉 33 A TABLE of the COMPOUNDS in the Order they are set down in every Classis. A directs to the first Column, B to the second, the Number to the Page. SPIRITS, and COMPOUND DISTILLED WATERS. SPiritus et Aqua Absinthii minus Composita: Or spirit and Water of Wormwood the lesser Composition. b 62 Spiritus et Aqua Absynthii magis Composita: Or spirit and Water of Wormwood the greater Composition a 63 Spiritus et Aqua Angelicae magis Composita: Or spirit and Water of Angelica the greater Composition ibid. Spiritus Lavendulae Compositus or Compound spirit of Lavender. b 63 Spiritus Castorii: or spirit 〈◊〉 Cistorium a 64 Aqua 〈◊〉 Composita Or Compound Water of Butter-burs. ibid. Aqua Rhaphani composita Or, Compound Water of Rhadishes. b 64 Aqua Peoniae composita: or, Compound Water of Peony ibid. Aqua Bezoartica: Or, 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 a 65 Aqua et spiritus Lumbricorum Magistralis: Or, Water and spirit of Earthworms. b 65 〈◊〉 Gentianae composita: or 〈◊〉 Water Compound ibid. Aqua 〈◊〉: or, Gilberts Water ibid. Aqua 〈◊〉 frigida 〈◊〉. a 66 Aqua Theriacala. Or, 〈◊〉 Water ibid. Aqua Brioniae composita. Or, 〈◊〉 Water Compound b 66 Aqua Imperialis: Or, 〈◊〉 Water 〈◊〉 Aqua Mirabilis a 〈◊〉 Aqua 〈◊〉 ibid. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Or, Capon Water. b Aqua Limacum Magistr. Or, Water of snails ibid. Aqua Scordii composita: Or, Compound Water of Scordium. b 67 Aqua Mariae ibid. Aqua Papaveris composita: Or, Poppy Water Compound ibid. Aqua Juglandium Composita: Or, Walnut Water compound ibid. Mathiolus, his Bezoar Water a 68 Cinnamon Water ibid. Mathiolus, his Cinnamon Water b 68 Cinnamon Water made by Infusion ibid. Aqua Coelestis ibid. Bawm Water a 69 Rosa solis ibid. Dr, Stephen's Water b 69 Aqua vitae ordinary ibid. Aqua vitae compound ibid. Usquebach ibid. TINCTURES. Tinctura Croci: Or, Tincture of saffron. a 70 Tinctura Castorii: Or Tincture of Castorium 70 Tinctura Fragorum: Or, Tincture of strawberries 70 Tinctura Scordii: Or, Tincture of scordium 70 Tinctura Theriacalis: Or Tincture of Treacle b 70 Tinctura Cinnamomi: Or Tincture of Cinnamon 70 Tinctura Viridis: Or, a green Tincture 70 Aqua Aluminosa Magistralis 70 〈◊〉 WINES. Vinum Absynthites: Or, Wormwood Wine a 71 Vinum Cerassorum 〈◊〉: Or, Wine of black Cherries ibid. Vinum Helleboratum: Or, Wine Helleborated. b 71 〈◊〉 Rubellum ibid. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 ibid. Vinum 〈◊〉: Or, Antimonial Wine ibid. Vinum Scilliticum: Or Wine of Squills a 72 PHYSICAL VINEGERS. Acetum distillatum: Or, Distilled Vinegar a 72 Acetum Rosatum: Or, Rose Vinegar ibid. Acetum Scilliticum: Or, Vinegar of Squils'. ibid. Acetum Theriacale: Or, Treacle Vinegar b 72 Acetum Theriacale: Or Treacle Vinegar b 73 DECOCTIONS. Decoct a common 〈◊〉 〈◊〉: Or A Common Decoction for a Clyster a 73 Decoctum Epithimi: Or, A Decoction of Epithimum ibid. Decoctum Sennae Gereonis: Or, Decoction of Senna b 73 Decoctum Pectorale: Or, A 〈◊〉 Decoction. ibid. Decoctum Trumaticum a 74 A Carminative Decoction a 74 A Decoction of Flowers and 〈◊〉 ibid. Lac Virginium ibid. A Drink for wounded men b 74 SYRUPS. ALTERING SYRUPS. Syrupus de Absynthio simplex: Or, syrup of Wormwood simple a 101 Syrupus de Absynthio 〈◊〉: Or, syrup of Wormwood compound ibid. Syrupus Acetosus simplex: Or, syrup of Vinegar simple ibid. Syrupus Acetosus simplicior: Or, syrup of Vinegar more simple. b 101 Syrupus Acetosus compositus: Or, syrup of Vinegar compound ibid. Syrupus de Agno Casto: Or, Syrup of Agnus Castus a 102 Syrupus de Althaea: Or Syrup of Marsh-mallows ibid. Syrupus de Ammoniaco, Or syrup of Ammoniacum ibid. Syrupus de Artemisia: Or syrup of Mugwort b 102 Syrupus de Betonica composita: Or, syrup of Betony compound ibid. Syrupus Byzantinus, simple. ibid. Syrupus 〈◊〉, Compound. a 103 Syrupus Botryos: Or, syrup of Oak of Jerusalem. ibid. Syrupus Capillorum Veneris: Or, syrup of Maidenhair ibid. Syrupus Cardiacus, vel Julepum Cardiacum: Or, A Cordial syrup ibid. Syrupus insusionis Floram Caryophillorum: Or, Syrup of Clove gillyflowers b 103 Syrupus de Cinnamomo: Or, syrup of Cinnamon ibid. Syrupus Acetositatis Citriorum; or syrup of Juice of Citrons ibid. Syrupus Corticum Citriorum: Or, syrup of Citron Pills a 104 Syrupus è Coralliis simplex: or, syrup of Coral simple ibid. Syrupus è Coralliis Compositus: or, syrup of Correl compound ibid. Syrupus Cydoniorum: or, syrup of Quinces b 104 Syrupus de Erysima: or, syrup of Hedg-mustard ibid. Syrupus de Fumaria: or, syrup of Fumitory ibid. Syrupus de Glycyrrhiza: or syrup of Liquoris a 105 Syrupus Granatorum cum Aceto: Or, syrup of Pomegranates with Vinegar ibid. Syrupus de Hyssopo: Or, syrup of Hyssop ibid. Syrupus Ivae arthritioae, 〈◊〉 〈◊〉: or, syrup of 〈◊〉 b 105 Syrupus 〈◊〉: or syrup of Jujubes ibid. Syrupus de Meconio, 〈◊〉 〈◊〉: or, syrup of Meconium, or 〈◊〉 ibid. Syrupus de 〈◊〉 〈◊〉: or syrup of Meconium compound ib. Syrupus Melissophilli: or syrup of Bawm a 106 Syrupus de Mentha: or, syrup of Mints b 106 Syrupus de Mucilaginibus: or syrup of Mucilages b 106 Syrupus 〈◊〉: or, syrup of Myrtles ibid. Syrupus 〈◊〉 Nymphaeae simplex: or, syrup of Water-Lilly-flowers simple ibid. Syrupus Florum 〈◊〉 compositus: or syrup of Water-lilly-flowers compound ibid. Syrupus de Papavere Erratico, sive Rubro: or, syrup of Erratic 〈◊〉 a 107 Syrupus de Pilosella: or, syrup of Mousear ibid. syrupus infusionis florum Paeoniae: or syrup of the infusion of Peony flowers ibid. syrupus de Paeonia compositus: or, syrup of Peony compound ibid. syruyus de Pomis alterans: or, syrup of Apples b 107 syrupus de Prasio: or, syrup of Horehound ibid. syrupus de quings Radicibus: or, syrup of the five opening Roots. ib. syrupus Raphani: or, syrup of Rhadishes a 108 syrupus 〈◊〉, alias 〈◊〉 Alexandrinum; or, Julep of Alexandria ibid. syrupus de Rosis siccis: or, syrup of dried Roses ibid. syrupus scabiosae: or syrup of scabious ibid. syrupus de scolopendrio: or syrup of Hartstongue b 108 syrupus de 〈◊〉: or, syrup of stoechas ibid. syrupus de symphito: or, syrup of Comfry ibid. syrupus Violarum: or, syrup of Violets ibid. PURGING SYRUPS. syrupus de Cichorio cum Rhabarbaro: or syrup of 〈◊〉 with rhubarb. a 109 syrupus de Epithyme: or, syrup of Epithimum ibid. syrupus è Floribus 〈◊〉: or, syrup of Peach-flowers b 109 syrupus 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Purgans: or syrup of Apples, Purging ibid. syrupus 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Magistralis: or, syrup of Apples 〈◊〉 a 110 syrupus de Rhabarbaro: or, syrup of Rhubarb ibid. syrupus Rosaceus solutivus: or, syrup of Roses solutive ibid. syrupus è succo Rosarum: or, syrup of the 〈◊〉 of 〈◊〉 b 110 syrupus 〈◊〉 solutivus cum Agarico: or, syrup of Roses solutive with Agrick ibid. syrupus Rosacens solutivus cum Helleboro: or, syrup of Roses solutive with 〈◊〉 ibid. syrupus Rosaceus solutivus cum sena: or, syrup of Roses solutive with senna ibid. syrupus de spina 〈◊〉: or, syrup of Purging Thorn a 111 SYRUPS MADE WITH VINEGAR AND HONEY. Mel Anthosatum: or Honey of Rosemary-flowers a 111 Mel Helleboratum: or Honey Helleborated ibid. Mel Mercuriale: or, Honey of Mercury b 111 Mel Mororum, vel Diamoron: or, Honey of Mulberries ibid. Mel Nuceum, alias, Diacaryon et Dianucum: or Honey of Nuts. ibid. Mel Passulatum: or, Honey of Raisins ibid. Mel Rosatum common, sive foliatum: or, common Honey of Roses a 112 Mel Rosatum Colatum: or Honey of Roses strained ibid. Mel Rosatum solutivum: or Honey of Roses solutive ibid. Mel Scilliticum: or Honey of Squils' ibid. Oxymel simple ibid. Oxymel compound ibid. Oxymel Helleboratum: or, Oximel Helleborated b 112 Oxymel Julianizans ibid. Oxymel Scilliticum compositum: or Oxymel of Squils' Compound. a 113 Syrup of Purslain a 113 Compound syrup of 〈◊〉 ibid. Syrup of Poppies, the lesser Composition b 113 Syrup of Poppies, the greater Composition ibid. Syrup of Eupatorium a 114 Honey of Emblicks b 114 ROB, or SAPA, and JUICES. Signification and use a 115 Rob, sive Sapa, simplex: or, Simple Rob, or Sapa ibid. Rob de Berberis: or, Rob of Barberries ibid. Rob de Cerasis: or, Rob of Cherries ibid. Rob de Cornis: or Rob of Cornels. ibid. Rob Cydoniorum: or, Rob of Quinces b 115 Miva, vel Gelatina Eorundem: or, Jelly of Quinces ibid. Rob Baccarum Sambuci: or, Rob of Elder Berries ibid. Succus Glycyrrhizae simplex: or, Juice of Liquoris simple ibid. Succus Glycyrrhizae compositus: or, Juice of Liquoris Compound. a 116 Succus Pronorum 〈◊〉: or, Juice of sloes, called Acacia b 116 LOHOCH, or ECLEGMATA. Signification and use a 116 Lohoch de Farfara: or Lohoch 〈◊〉 Coltsfoot ibid. Lohoch de 〈◊〉: or Lohoch of Poppies. b 116 Lohoch è Passulis: or, Lohoch of Raisins ibid. Lohoch e Pino: or, Lohoch of Pine-nuts a 117 Lohoch de Portulaca: Or, Lohoch of Purslain ibid. Lohoch è Pulmone Vulpis: or, Lohoch of Fox Lungs ibid. Lohoch sanum et Expertum: or, A sound and well experienced Lohoch b 117 Lohoch Scilliticum: or, Lohoch of Squils' ibid. Eclegma of Squils' ibid. Lohoch of Coleworts b 118 PRESERVES. The way to make them 118 CONSERVES and SUGARS. The general way to make Conserves a 119 Diacodium Solidum, sive Tabulatum ibid. 〈◊〉 Tabulatum simplex, et Perlatum: Or, 〈◊〉 of sugar, both simple and pearled b 119 Saccharum Tabellatum compositum: Or, Lozenges of sugar compound ibid. Saccharum Penidium: or, sugar of Penids a 120 Confectio de Thure: or, Confection of Frankincense ibid. Saccharum Rosatum: or, Sugar of Roses b 120 POWDERS. Aromaticum Caryophillatum a 121 Aromaticum Rosatum ibid. Pulvis ex Chelis Cancrorum compositus: or Powder of Crabs Claws compound ibid. Species Cordiales 〈◊〉 b 121 Diacalaminthe simple ibid. Diacalaminthe compound ibid. Dianisum a 122 Pulvis Radicum Ari compositus: or Powder of Aron Roots compound ibid. Diaircos simple ibid. Dialacca ibid. Pulvis Cardiacus Magistralis ibid. Diamargariton frigidum b 122 Diambra ibid. Diamoschu Dulce a 123 Diamoschu Amarum ibid. Species Dianthus ibid. Diapenidion ibid. Diarrhodon Abbatis b 123 Diaspoliticum ibid. Species Diatragacanthi frigidi ibid. Diatrion Pipereon a 124 Diatrion santalon ibid. Pulvis Haly ibid. 〈◊〉 ibid. Pulvis Bezoardicus Magistralis: or A Bezoartick Powder Magisterial b 124 Species consectionis Liberantis ibid. Pulvis Saxonicus ibid. Pulvis Antilyssus a 128 Rosatae Novellae ibid. Pulvis Thuraloes ibid. Pulvis Hermodactilorum compositus Or, Powder of Hermodactils compound b 128 Pulvis 〈◊〉 compositus major: Or, Powder of senna, the greater composition ibid. Pulvis senae compositus minor: Or, Powder of senna, the lesser composition ibid. Diasenae a 126 Diaturbith with Rhubarb b 126 The lesser Cordial Powder a 126 The greater Cordial Powder ibid. A Powder for such as are bruised by a fall ibid. Species Electuarii Diacymini b 126 Species Electuarii Diagalangae ibid. Species Electuarii de Gemmis frigidi a 127 Species Electuarii Diamargariton Calidi ibid. Lithontribon ibid. Pleres' arconticon b 127 A preservative Powder against the Pestilence ibid. Diaturbith the greater, without Rhubarb ibid. A Powder for the worms ibid. EECTUARIES. Antidolus analeptica a 125 Confectio Alkermes ibid. Electuarium è Sassaphras: or Electuary of Sassafras b 125 Electuarium de Baccis Lauri: or, Electuary of Bay-berries ibid. Diacapparis ibid. Diacinnamomu 129 Diacorallion ibid. Diacorum ibid. Diacydonium simple b 129 Diacydonium with Species ibid. Diacydonium compound, Magisterial ibid. Confectio de Hyacintho ibid. Antidotum Haemagogum ibid. Diasatyrion a 130 Electuarium Diaspermaton ibid. Micleta b 130 Electuarium Pectorale: or, A Pectoral Electuary ibid. Theriaca Diatessaron ibid. Diascordium ibid. Mithridate a 131 Phylonium Persicum b 131 Phylonium Romanum ibid. Phylonium Magistrale ibid. Electuarium de Ovo: or, Electuary of Eggs a 132 Theriaca Andromachi: or, Venice Tread ibid. Theriaca Londinensis: or, London Tread b 132 Diacrocuma ibid. PURGING ELECTUARIES. Benedicta Laxativa a 133 Caryocostinum ibid. Cassia extracta pro Clysteribus: or, Cassia extracted for Clysters. ibid. Electuarium amarum Magistrale majus: Or, the greater bitter Electuary. b 133 Electuarium Amarum minus: Or, The lesser bitter Electuary ibid. Diacassia with Manna ibid. Cassia extracta fine foliis senae: or, Cassia extracted without the leaves of senna a 134 Cassia extracta cum foliis senae: or, Cassia extracted with the leaves of senna ibid. Diacarthamum ibid. Diaphoenicon b 134 Diaprunum lenitive ibid. Diaprunum solutive ibid. Catholicon a 135 Electuarium de Citro solutivum: or Electuary of Citrons solutive ibid. Electuarium Elescoph. ibid. Confectio Hamech b 135 Electuarium Lenitivum ibid. Electuarium Passulatum a 136 Electuarium è succo Rosarum; or, Electuary of the Juice of Roses ibid. Hiera Picra simple ibid. Hiera with Agrick b 136 Hiera Logadit ibid. Hiera Diacolocynthidos ibid. Triphera the greater ibid. Triphera solutive b 137 Electuarium è scoria ferri a 137 Confectio Humain b 137 Diaireos Solominis ibid. Diasatyrion a 138 Mathiolus his great Antidote against Poison and Pestilence ibid. Requies b 138 Electuarium Reginae Coloniens ib. PILLS. Pilulae de Agarico: or, Pills of Agrick a 139 Pilulae Aggregativae ibid. Pilulae Aloephanginae b 139 Pilulae de Aloe lota: or, Pills of washed Aloes a 140 Aloe Rosata ibid. Pilulae aureae ibid. Pilulae Cochiae the greater ibid. Pilulae Cochiae the less ibid. Pilulae de Cynoglosso: or, Pills of Houndstongue b 140 Pilulae ex dnobus: or, Pills of two things ibid. Pilulae de Eupatorio: or, Pills of Eupatorium ibid. Pilulae 〈◊〉: or, stinking Pills. ibid. Pilulae de Hermodactilis: or, Pills of Hermodactils a 141 Pilulae de Hiera cum Agarico: or, Pills of Hiera with Agrick ibid. Pilulae Imperialis: or, Imperial Pills ibid. Pilulae de Lapide Lazuli: or, Pills of Lapis Lazuli b 141 Pilulae Macri ibid. Pilulae Mastichinae: or, Mastich Pills ibid. Pilulae Mechoacanae: or, Pills of Mechoacan ibid. Pilulae de Opopanace: or, Pillr of Opopanax a 142 Pilulae Rudii ibid. Pilulae Ruffi ibid. Pilulae sine 〈◊〉: or, Pills without which— b 142 Pilulae stomachicae: or, stomach Pills ibid. Pilulae stomachicae cum Gummi: or, stomach Pills with Gums ibid. Pilulae styrace: or, Pills of styrax. ibid. Pilulae de Succino: or, Pills of Amber a 143 Pilulae ex tribus: or, Pills of three things ibid. Pilulae Turpeti aureae ibid. Laudanum b 143 Nephenthes Opiatum ibid. Pilulae assaireth. a 143 Pills of Bdellium ibid. Pills of Rhubarb b 143 Pilulae Arabica a 144 Pilulae Arthriticae ibid. Pilulae Cochiae with Hellebore ibid. Pills of Fumitory b 144 Pilulae Indae ibid. Pilulae Lucis majores ibid. Pills of Spurge ibid. Pills of Euphorbium a 145 Pilulae Scribonii ibid. TROCHES. The meaning of the word a 145 Trochisci de Absinthio: or, Troches of Wormwood ibid. Agaricus Trochiscatus: or, Agrick Trochiscated b 145 Trochisci albi: Rhasis. or, white Troches. a 146 Trochisci Alexiterii ibid. Trochisci Albandal ibid. Trochisci Aliptae Moschatae ibid. Trochisci Alkekengi: or, Troches of Winter Cherries b 146 Trochisci Bechici albi, vel, Rotulae Pectorales: or, Pectoral Rolls ib. Trochisci Bechici nigri b 146 Trochisci de Barberis.: or, Troches of Barberries ibid. Trochisci de Camphora: or, Troches of Camphire a 147 Trochisci de Capparibus: or Troches of Cappers' ib. Trochisci de Carabe: or, Troches of Amber ib, Trochisci Cypheos for Mithridate. b 147 Trochisci de Eupatorio: or, Troches of Maudlin ib. Throches of Gallia Moschata ib. Trochisci Gordonie ib. Trochisci Hedychroi a 148 Trochisci Hysterici ib. Trochisci de Ligno Aloes: or, Troches of Wood of Aloes ib. Trochisci è Myrrha: or, Troches of Myrrh ib. Sief de Plumbo: or, Sief of Lead. b 148 Trochisci Polyidae Androm. ib. Trochisci de Rhabarbaro: or, Troches of Rhubarb ibid. Trochisci de santalis: or, Troches of Sanders ib. Trochisci de scylla ad Theriacam: or Troches of Squils for 〈◊〉 ib. Troches of Spodium a 149 Trochisci de Terra Lemnia: or, Troches of Earth of Lemnos ib. Sief de Thure: or, Sief of Frankincense b 149 Trochisci è Violis solutivi: or, Troches of Violets solutive ib. Trochisci de Vipera ad Theriacam. or, 〈◊〉 of Vipers for Treacle. ib. Trochisci de Agno Casto: or, Troches of Agnus Castus ib. Trochisci Alexiterij a 150 Troches of Annis seeds ib. Trochisci Diarrhodon ib. Trocisci de Lacca ib. Pastilli Adronis b 150 Trochisci Musae ib. Crocomagma of Damocrates ib. Trochisci Ramich ib. Troches of Roses a 151 Trochisci Diacorallion ib. Trochisci Diaspermaton b 151 Hamoptoiei Pastilli ib. Traches of Agrick ib. Of the Use of Oils. Of Medicines 151 Chap. 1. Of anodynes 152 Chap. 2. Of Repelling Medicines. ib. Chap. 3. Of Attractives 153 Chap. 4. Of Resolving Medicines. ib. Chap. 5. Of Emollients 154 Chap. 6. Of Suppuratives ib. Chap. 7. Of cleansing Medicines 155 Chap. 8. Of Incarnatives ib. Chap. 9 Of Cicatrizing Medicines 156 Chap. 10. Of Glutinative Medicines ib. Chap. 11. Of Cathereticks, septics, and Caustics ib. Chap. Ult. Of Medicines used to stop blood 157 OILS. SIMPLE OILS BY EXPRESSION. Oil of sweet Almonds a 158 Oil of bitter Almonds ib. Oil of Hazel Nuts ib. Oleum Caryinum b ib. Oleum CChrysomelinum ib. Oil of Bays ib. Oil of Yolks of Eggs a 159 SIMPLE OILS BY INFUSION AND DECOCTION. The way to make them 159 The Virtues of them particularly. 160 COMPOUND OILS BY INFUSION AND DECOCTION. Oleum Benedictum: or, blessed oil a 161 Oleum de Capparibus: or, Oil of Cappers' ib. Oil of Castorium compound ib. Oleum Catellorium: or, Oil of Whelps 61 Oleum Costinum ib. Oleum Crocinum: or, Oil of saffron ib. Oil of Euphorbium ib. Oleum Excestrense: or Oil of Exeter a 162 Oleum Hirundinum: or, Oil of swallows ib. Oleum Hiperici 〈◊〉: or, Oil of St. John's wort compound ib. Oleum Hyperici magis compositum: or oil of saint John's wort more compound ib. Oleum Irinum: or, Oil of Orris b 162 Oleum Majoranae: or, Oil of Margerum ib. Oleum Mandragorae: or, Oil of Mandrake's ib. Moschelaeum: or, Oil of Musk. a 163 Oleum Nardinum: or, Oil of Nard ib. Oleum Nicodemi b 163 Oleum 〈◊〉: or, Oil of Fox's ib. Oil of Pepper a 163 Oleum Populeum a 164 OINTMENTS MORE SIMPLE. Unguentum album: or white Ointment a 164 Unguentum Egyptiacum ib. Unguentum Anodinum b 164 Unguentum ex 〈◊〉: or Ointment of Smallage ibid. Lineament of 〈◊〉 Elemi ibid. Unguentum Aureum ibid. Basilicon the greater a 165 Basilicon the less ib. Ointment of Bdellium ib. Unguentum de Calce: or, Ointment of Chalk ib. Unguentum 〈◊〉: or, Ointment of Marsh-mallows ib. Unguentum 〈◊〉 b 165 Unguentum Enulatum: or, Ointment of Alicampane ib. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 cum Mercurio: or, Ointment of Alicampana with Quicksilver ib. Unguentum 〈◊〉 commune: or Ointment of Bays, common ib. Unguentum de Minio, sive rubrum Camphora: or, Ointment of red Lead ib. Unguentum è 〈◊〉, seu Peto: Or, Ointment of Tobacco. a 166 Unguentum Nutritum, seu Trifarmacum ib. Unguentum Ophthalmicum: Or, Ointment for the Eyes b 166 Unguentum ex Oxylapatho: Or, Ointment of sharp pointed Dock ib. Unguentum è Plumbo: or, Ointment of Lead ib. Ungnentum Pomatum ib. Unguentum Potabile ib. Unguentum Resinum a 167 Unguentum Rosanum: or, Ointment of Roses ib. Desiccativum rubrum: or, a drying red Ointment ib. Unguentum è Solano: or, Ointment of Nightshade ib. Unguentum Tutiae: or, Ointment of Tutty b 167 Valentia Scabiosae ib. Tapsivalentia ib. Tapsimel ib. OINTMENTS MORE COMPOUND. Uunguentum Agrippa a 168 Ungunentum de Alabastro: Or, Ointment of Alabaster ib. Unguentum 〈◊〉: or, a bitter Ointment ib. Ungutntum Apostolorum: or, ointment of the Apostles b 168 Unguentum Aregon ib. Unguentum de Artanita: or, Ointment of Showbread a 169 Unguentum Catapsoras ib. Unguentum Citrinum, or, a Citron Ointment ib. Unguentum Comitissae b 169 Unguentum Martiatum ib. Unguentum Mastichinum: or, an Ointment of Mastich ib. Unguentum Neapolitanum a 170 Uuguentum 〈◊〉 ib. Unguentum Pectorale: or, a Pectoral Ointment ib. Unguentum Populneum: or, Ointment of Poplar ib. Unguentum Resumptivum b 170 Unguentum Splanchnicum ib. Unguentum Splanchnicum Magistrale ibid. Unguentum è Succis: or, Ointment of Juices a 171 Unguentum Sumach b 171 Ointment of Marsh-Mallows compound a 171 Unguentum 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 ib. Unguentum 〈◊〉 b 171 Unguentum è Succis Aperitivis primum ib. Unguentum Martiatum a 172 An Ointment for the worms b 172 CERECLOATHS. Ceratum de 〈◊〉: or, 〈◊〉 of Galbanum a 172 Ceratum Oesypatum ib. Ceratum Santalinum b 172 PLASTERS. Emplastro ex Ammoniaco: or, A Plaster of Ammoniacum a 173 Emplastrum è Baccis Lauri: or, a Plaster of Bay berries ib. Emplastrum Barbarum magnum ib. Emplastrum de Retonica: or, A Plaster of Betony b 173 Emplastrum Caesaris ib. Emplastrum Catagmaticum the first a 174 Catagmaticum the second ib. Emplastrum Cephalicum: or, a Cephalick Plaster ib. Emplastrum de Cerussa: or, a Plaster of 〈◊〉 ib. Emplastrum ex Cicuta cum Ammoniaco: or, a Plaster of Hemlock with Ammoniacum b 174 Emplastrum è Cinnabari ib. Emplastrum è Crusta Panis: or, A Plaster of a crust of Bread ib. Emplastrum è Cymino: or, a plaster of Cummin ib. Emplastrum Diacalciteos a 175 Diachylon simple ib. Di achylon Ireatum ib. Diachylon magnum ib. Diachylan magnum cum 〈◊〉 b 175 〈◊〉 〈◊〉, sive 〈◊〉 è Mucilaginibus: or, A Plaster of Mucilages ib. Emplastrum Diaphoenicon, hot ib. 〈◊〉, cold ib. Emplastrum 〈◊〉: Or, A Divine Plaster a 176 Emplastrum 〈◊〉 ib. Emplastrum 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Flos, 〈◊〉 dictum: or, Flower of Ointments. ib. A Plaster of Gum 〈◊〉 b 176 A Piaister of Lapis Calaminaris ib Emplastrum ad 〈◊〉 ib Emplastrum Hystericum a 177 Emplastrum de 〈◊〉: 〈◊〉, a Plaster of Mastich ib. Emplastrum de 〈◊〉 simplex: or A Plaster of Melilot simple ib. Emplastrum de Meliloto 〈◊〉 or, A Plaster of 〈◊〉 compound ib. Emplastrum de Minio 〈◊〉 or, a Plaster of red Lead compound b 177 Emplastrum de 〈◊〉 〈◊〉: or, a Plaster of red 〈◊〉 simple ib Emplastrum 〈◊〉 ib. Emplastrum Nervinum a 178 Emplastrum 〈◊〉 ib. Emplastrum de Ranis: or, a Plaster of 〈◊〉 ib. Emplastrum Sicyonium ib. 〈◊〉 seu 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 b 〈◊〉 Emplastrum Stephaniaion ib. Emplastrum 〈◊〉 ib Emplastrum Stomachicum 〈◊〉 or, a stomach Plaster ib. Emplastrum Tonsoris b 179 Emplastrum Ceroma a 〈◊〉 Emplastrum Gracia Dei: or, 〈◊〉 Grace of God ib. Emplastrum de 〈◊〉, or, of 〈◊〉 ib. Emplastrum Isis 〈◊〉 b 〈◊〉 A Plaster of Mastich ib. Emplastrum 〈◊〉 ib. A holy Plaster a 180 Emplastrum sine Pari ib. A Plaster for the stomach ib. A Cerecloath of Ammoniacum. b 〈◊〉 Ceratum Stomachium ib. CHEMICAL OILS. The way to distil Oil of Herbs & Flowers a 181 Oil of Wormwood ib. Oil of dried Barks b 〈◊〉 Oil or fat of Roses ib. Oil of Seeds ib. Oil of Spices a 182 Oil of Woods ib. Oil of Berry's ib. Oil of Turpentine b 182 Oil of 〈◊〉 ibid. Oil of 〈◊〉 ibid. Oil of Wax ibid. Oleum Latericium Phylosophorum ibid. 〈◊〉 Succini: or, Oil of Amber a 183 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Antimonii: Oil or Butter of Antimony ib. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉: or, Oil of Arsenic b 183 Oleum Salis: or, Oil of Salt ib. Oleum Sulphuris: or, Oil of Sulphur ibid. Oleum 〈◊〉: or, Oil of Virriol a 184 Aqua fortis ibid. Aqua fortis: or, Water of Honey b 184 〈◊〉 seu Liquamen 〈◊〉, seu Oleum Tartari per Deliquium: or Liquor of Tartar ibid. Oleum 〈◊〉 per 〈◊〉: or, Oil of Myrrh ibid. Oil of Tartar ibid. CHEMICAL PREPARATIONS. 〈◊〉 cum Nitro calcinatum; or, Antimony calcined with Niter a 185 Chalybs 〈◊〉 Or, Steel prepared ibid. Crystal of 〈◊〉 ibid. Crocus Martis ibid. Crocus 〈◊〉 ibid. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉, Or, Flower of Brimstone b 158 Lapis infernalis ibid. Lapis seu 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 ibid. Magisterum of Pearl and 〈◊〉 ib Mercurius Sublimatus Corrosivus; Or, Mercury Sublimate Corrosive a 186 Mercurius 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 ibid. Mercurius dulcis 〈◊〉 ibid. Mercurills 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Or, Corrosive precipitate ibid. Mercurius 〈◊〉 ibid. Regulus 〈◊〉 b 186 Saccharum 〈◊〉 ibid. Sal Vitrioli Or, Salt of Vittiol ibid. Turpethm Minerale ibid. Tartarum Vitriolatum ibid. Vitriolum album de puratum; Or, white 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 ibid. Vitrum Antimonii ibid. THE WAY OF MAKING EXTRACTS. THE WAY OF MAKING SALTS, Salt Volatle a 187 Salt fixed ibid. PREPARATIONS OF CERTAIN SIMPLE MEDICINES. The way of Preparing Fats a 187 The burning of Brass b 187 The washing of 〈◊〉 a 188 The preparation of 〈◊〉 armenick ibid. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 ibid. May Butter ibid. The preparation of Lapis Calaminaris ibid. The washing of Lime ibid. The Preparation of Coral, Pearls, 〈◊〉 Eyes and other precious Stones ibid. The preparation of Coriander seed ibid. The burning of Hartshorn, Ivory, and other Bones ibid. A new Preparation of them b 〈◊〉 The way to make 〈◊〉 ibid. The preparation of the 〈◊〉 of Spurge Roots ibid. The Preparation of 〈◊〉 ib The preparation of black Hellebore Roots ibid. The preparation of Goat's blood ib. The burning of Young Swallows ibid. The Preparation of 〈◊〉 ibid. The preparation of Lapis 〈◊〉 a 185 The preparation of lethargy ibid. The preparation of Earthworms: ibid. The preparation of 〈◊〉 or woodlice ibid. The manner of preparing 〈◊〉 ibid. The preparation of Opium ibid. Powder of Raw 〈◊〉 ibid. The washing of Lead ibid. The burning of Lead ibid. The Preparation of Fox Lungs. b 185 The preparation of 〈◊〉 ib. Another way of preparation of Scamony with Sulphur ibid. The preparation of 〈◊〉 ibid. Washed 〈◊〉 ibid. Boiled Turpentine ibid. The preparation of Tutty ibid. A CATALOGUE or TABLE of the DISEASES treated of in the Dispensatory. A A Bortion hindereth, 13 23 24 33 131 160 169 176. Ache 3 13 28 31 44 65 162 165 171 175 178. See Pain. Adder's sting, see 〈◊〉 beasts Addust choler 109 124 Addust humours 60 135. Afterbirth 3 〈◊〉 14 15 17 19 21 22 23 24 26 28 29 31 61 64 65 66 69 122 130 131 132 144 148 172. Agues naught for, 21 27 Ague in the breast 16 21. see inflammation Agues 4 7 8 14 18 20 22 31 60 107 128 134 135 136 139 140 141 144 150 170 〈◊〉. Air corrupted, or infected see infection Almonds of the Ears 24 29. Andicom, see Felon. Anger causeth 33. Anger assuageth 33. Appetite provoketh 10 13 14 15 20 21 27 38 61 65 101 109 115 116 131 151 160 170 180. and restores. S. Anthony's fire 14 16 19 24 Aposthumes 5 13 14 19 23 60 166 170 176. Appoplexes 20 60 67 132. Asthma 21 44 60 61 68 73 117 122 127 132 137 146 166 170 182. Astonishment 132. B Back strengtheneth 4 5 16 19 22 141 160 162 169. Baldness 4 13 32 69. Barrenness 15 19 31 125 131. Belly-ach 13 16 18 21 127 173 176. Belly-ach see Bowels Belly loosens 14 15 18 20 21 22 26 27 109 110 114 129. Belching 15 16 72 106 113 114 123 127 129 136. Beauty adds 18 20 25 26 28 61 72 132 137 151 159 161 169 182. Birth facilitates 3 4. Bees stinging 20 30 166. Bleeding stops 8 9 10 12 14 15 16 18 20 21 25 28 29 32 33 60 128 131 149 150. Bladder 4 6 7 8 14 15 16 18 20 21 23 24 25 27 28 29 30 31 32 60 61 102 105 113 122 127 130 132 133 135 136 137 137 138 147 149 460 463 164 173 182 183. Blackness and blewness 9 15 Blood cleanseth 6 8 13 14 20 26 59 60 61. Blood congealed 15 16 19 20 60 165. Blood 13 15 17 20 22 27 28 29 59 60 66 113. Bloodyflux 3 17 20 22 32 48 106 130 131 147 149 150 151. Black jaundice 110 147. Body cools in general, see the particular parts over-pressed with heat. Boils, 5 20 109 166 176. see Carbuncles. Bots in horses 15, Binds 3 7 10 12 13 15 20 24 27 28 31 33 170 171. Bones broken 3 9 10 12 15 29 60 108 173 176 178. Bowels 8 14 17 25 28 31 44 59 60 61 121 128 140 141 145 150 177. Bowels excoriated 7 48. Brain 7 22 23 24 26 27 28 30 32 60 61 68 69 114 120 121 122 123 127 130 140 141 143 147 148 151 172 174 176 178 182 183 Brain cooleth 13 18 20. Brain heateth 9 13 129. Brain drieth 13. Breath, shortness of breath, 67 13 15 16 17 19 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 46 64 72 73 103 105 106 113 118 123 137 141 182. Breast cold 12. Breast inflamed, see inflammation. Breast 12 13 14 15 21 23 24 25 26 24 28 30 32 60 105 107 109 117 118 122 124 139 147 160 170 171 182 182 Breath stinking 11 27 28 29 60 68 69 147 148. Bubo, or swelling in the groin, see swelling Bruised 4 7 9 10 11 13 15 16 19 20 23 32 108 161 162 170 175. Burns 3 5 7 12 13 14 17 18 19 27 60 165 166 170 174 182. Burstness, see Ruptures 3 5 7 13 14 17 18 20 176. C Cancers 135 144. Cachexia, or ill disposition of the body Canker 5 15 176. Cathers 113 129 Carbuncles 7 16 22 28 109 see plague-sores. Choler 9 11 13 16 18 20 22 24 26 27 29 30 31 38 44 48 72 73 101 107 109 110 111 128 126 129 133 134 135 136 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 147 173. Colic 3 8 10 16 17 18 23 26 27 28 30 44 46 60 71 102 126 127 125 130 131 132 134 135 139 150 158 163 166 170 175 182 183 184. Catalepsis 20. Choleric humours 20 73. Chapped lips and hands 166. Chincough 25. Cod's swollen 8 13 Conception strengthens 143 Colds 8 29 102 116 122 123 146. Colour ill, see beauty Consumption 11 12 15 25 26 27 31 32 33 44 65 66 68 69 103 104 111 117 120 121 122 123 124 125 129 131 141 170 182. Concoction, see digestion. Cough 5 6 7 10 14 16 17 21 22 23 25 26 27 29 32 33 44 46 48 59 60 61 73 103 105 106 107 113 114 116 117 118 120 122 123 125 129 132 137 142 146 158. Convulsion 4 5 8 10 15 21 24 25 26 28 31 32 46 46 61 64 68 107 117 123 129 130 136 163 168 172 183. Corrosions of the bowels, see bowels. Corruption, see Putrefaction Corns on the feet 14. Cramp 5 15 19 21 31 44 46 160 183. see convulsions Crudities, see indigestion. D Dandrif, see scurf Dead flesh 6 164. Deafness 6 16 64 132 142 158 160 182. Dead child, see birth Diabetes 16 28 31 Defluxions 12 166. Digestion, see indigestion Dislocations 15 178 183. Dissury, see urine stopped Dogs biting 4 5 7. Dropsy, 4 5 6 7 9 12 13 14 15 16 18 19 22 24 26 27 28 31 32 33 38 46 60 61 111 114 122 129 130 132 141 144 145 147 148 150 151 168 169 182 183 184. Drunkenness 19 20 30. Drunkenness preserves from 16 19 20 27 30 33. E Ears 6 17 18 19 30 31 120 144 150 176. Excoriations, see the place excoriated Excoriation of the Yard, see the Yard Evil spirits 10. Eyes 6 7 10 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 24 26 27 30 31 32 46 60 61 68 71 72 120 125 132 237 140 141 142 144 149 167 174 176. F Fainting 4 7 10 33 46 66 68 104 108 127 150 Falling-sickness bad for 28. Falling-sickness helps 7 8 10 15 18 19 20 23 24 25 26 30 31 32 33 34 46 60 65 68 69 72 113 117 123 127 129 130 132 136 141 163 167 182 183. Fatness 14 31 32 167. Fals, see bruises Fevers 4 5 6 7 12 13 15 17 23 26 27 28 29 31 32 33 34 59 60 61 64 65 66 68 69 103 104 106 107 109 114 116 119 124 125 126 129 132 133 134 138 143 147 149 183 184. Fear 27 33 127. Felon 19 177. Fight 33. Fistula 15 19 24 150 159 164 166 168 183. Phlegm 4 5 7 10 14 15 19 23 24 27 29 30 33 38 44 60 61 71 72 101 103 107 108 110 113 114 121 122 126 127 129 133 135 139 140 141 142 143 160 168. Fleas 19 23. Flux 3 4 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 20 21 22 23 25 26 27 28 31 60 106 108 115 116 120 129 130 131 160 171 175 176 177. Folly 33. Forgetfulness 16 18 23 26 33 60 69 106 127 135 141. Freckles 4 14 15 20 23 25 60 73 169 184. French pox 5 7 9 12 15 16 23 25 66 184. Frenzies 14 17 18 20 22 23 24 25 46 107 131 138 160 163. Face 7 158 160 166 169. Fundament 7 21 24. Fundament falling out 20 27 169 171. G Gall 9 16. Gangrenes 15 22 28 183. Gnats 23 Gout 7 10 11 15 16 18 19 20 21 24 31 46 72 135 140 141 144 145 158 163 166 172 173 182 183. Gripe of Belly 3 4 7 16 17 24 60 61 108 126 130. Gravel 3 7 17 19 33 61 102 125 136. Green-sickness 4 13 16 18 21 71. Gums 27 29 71. Gunshot 17 166. H Hands scabby, see scabs. Hardness see swellings Head strengthens 14 19 23 27 32 33 61 71 140 141 144 163. Headache helpeth 1 7 8 9 13 15 17 19 21 22 24 25 26 27 28 29 31 39 60 61 107 113 118 120 129 132 135 137 139 144 160 162 166 167 169 176 179. Heads scabby, see scabs and scald heads Heat of the stomach, see stomach Health preserved 72 121. Hypochondriacal melancholy 18 32 61 105 109 112 114 147 161 177. Heart 4 6 10 11 12 15 16 18 21 24 26 29 31 32 33 44 60 61 63 65 66 67 68 70 103 104 106 107 108 109 114 119 121 122 123 124 128 120 125 129 129 131 142 147 148 150 160. Heart-qualms 15 27 28 46 68 123 128 148. Heart-burnings 17 20 25. Hectic fevers 31 59 67 107 122 125 129 134 147 151 158 170. Humours 4 7 8 13 14 17 22 26 27 44 73 137 151. Hemorrhoids helpeth 5 9 17 24 25 130 131 136 147 149 166 169 176. Hemlock eaten Hiccoughs 14 107 Hoarseness 7 23 25 29 73 105 111 118 122 123 146. Hair 18 25 27 28 29 31 159 161. Horses that are mangy 16 Hornets stinging 166. Hnnting 33. Hogs 16 I Iliack passion 127 125 132 151 166 182. Indigestion 7 11 12 13 17 18 21 27 28 38 46 60 63 65 69 70 72 101 103 106 118 121 123 124 126 127 125 129 130 132 139 142 243 145 148 151 160 170 174 176 179 180. Infection 124 132 145 182 183. Inflammations 4 7 12 14 15 16 18 19 20 21 22 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 33 60 111 116 123 133 146 149 160 164 167 170 171 173 174 179. Inflammation in the privities, 15 16 19 23 25 26 28 106 Inflammation in the eyes, see eyes Inflammation of the Liver, see Liver Inflammation in the stomach 25. Joints 7 9 10 11 13 15 16 19 27 30 72 132 135 141 142 144 158 160 162 163 164 168 172 173 182 183 join-ache 19 22 172 Itch 5 6 7 9 12 18 20 22 23 24 28 32 33 38 60 61 102 105 108 109 135 136 143 144 163 165 166 167 169 Kibes 25 128. King's evil 5 6 10 24. Kidneys 7 19 21 102 128 125 136 170. L Leanness 28 123. Legs scabby, see scabbed Leprosies 5 6 11 12 13 15 19 28 32 33 61 102 109 110 132 135 136 141 144. Lethargy 13 20 24 28 31 33 64 144 482. Lice causeth 27. Lice killeth 17 24 28. Ligaments 161. Liver 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 26 27 28 29 30 31 44 59 60 61 65 68 72 101 102 103 105 107 108 109 110 113 114 118 122 123 124 128 127 125 130 132 135 137 139 141 143 144 145 147 148 148 150 160 161 163 167 172 173 175 176 177 179 180 183 184. Lisping 69. Longing of women 25. Lunary, see madness Lust provokes 4 6 7 8 9 10 13 16 17 18 21 25 26 27 28 29 31 33 38 69 129 137 160 Lust stays 8 28 33. Lungs 4 8 10 11 12 13 14 15 17 19 21 22 23 24 25 27 28 29 30 31 32 46 60 61 63 67 68 69 73 74 103 105 106 107 113 114 116 117 122 123 124 128 125 130 139 141 144 170 182 182. M Mad-dogs biting 7 13 15 16 17 18 20 21 30. Madness 6 15 18 23 24 26 31 46 73 102 110 135 136 138. Marasmos 31 67 68 134. Mare 28. Megrim 21 60 113 136 144. Melancholy 6 8 9 10 14 15 16 18 21 24 27 28 30 31 33 34 61 65 70 72 73 102 106 108 109 110 111 114 123 126 127 125 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 139 141 142 144. Memory, see forgetfulness. Mice 6. Mother fits 4 8 10 14 15 21 24 25 28 29 31 64 66 141 172 177 183 184. Moths 12 13 15 17 18 20. Morphew 4 5 6 14 15 25 32 60 61 159. Mouth sore 4 17 111 112. Mouth swelled, see swellings N Navel 8. Nerves, see sinews. Nits, 17 24. Noise in the ears 9 19 21 160 162. Numbness, 3 172. Necks stiff 21 Nurses to breed milk 6 12 14 18 19 20 24 28 60. O Obstructions or stops 13 16 17 18 19 20 23 26 28 101 141 164. Opium taken 5 22. P Pain easeth 3 6 13 20 22 31 44 135 141 164 178. Palsy 9 19 26 31 46 60 123 130 142 160 163 170 172 181 183. Passion, see Anger Perfume, 163 181. Pestilence 3 4 5 6 7 8 10 14 16 18 20 23 26 27 28 30 31 32 33 46 59 60 61 63 64 65 66 68 103 109 111 124 125 129 130 132 137 142 145 150 175 182 183 184. Pimples 11 18 74 166 169. Pissing blood 13 15 20 32 44 108 120. Pissing disease, see Diabetes. Plague Sores 7 11 22 23 66 69. see Carbuncles. Poisonous weapons, 17 22. pleurisy 16 25 26 59 105 116 123 135 151 158 160 170 171. Pock-holes 14 32 146 163 182. Poison 3 4 5 6 7 8 10 11 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 23 24 28 30 31 33 46 64 66 68 103 104 109 124 125 130 131 132 137 141 149 150 166 183. Preparations for a vomit 101 Privities, see Womb, Yard. Priapismus 17. Phtisick 21 22 31 60 69 70 105 106 107 114 140 145 147 166. Putrefaction 12 132 136 160 174 175 176. Purge 110. Q Quinsy 17. R Rats 6. Rheums of the stomach 17 Reins 4 5 6 7 8 9 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 30 31 32 44 61 101 107 113 122 127 132 133 135 136 138 139 141 147 160 163 164 173 176 182 183. Rhewm 8 46 60 106 114 125 133 140 142 149 166 176. Rhewm in the head 8 9 20 38 119 173 182. Riches 33 34. Rickets 4 6 8 9 11 12 15 18 21 24 25 38 44 61 103 108 112 118 147 161 171 177. Ringworms 109 159 166 167 Roughness of the skin see Sunburning Rowelling cattle, 6 Rules for Purges 73 74 Opening simples 18 To stop fluxes 104 To stay vomiting 112 Ordering the body after sweeting 138 Taking pills 139 Running of the Reins 4 12 16 19 21 22 27 29 32 140 181 182. Ruptures 3 4 5 6 7 8 10 13 14 17 18 19 20 24 29 60 107 108 175 176 183. S Sadness 10 18 21 32. Scurf 4 6 28 110. Scabs 5 6 7 9 12 13 18 20 21 22 23 24 28 29 32 33 38 61 102 105 108 109 110 135 143 144 159 163 166 169 174 182. Scalding 5 13 14 17 18 19 165 166 170 175. Scald heads, 28 31 32. Sciatica 11 16 19 21 24 145. Scrophula 6. Skull broken 29. Seed increases 6 9 28 31 158. Seed consumes 13. Serpent's divers ways 12 23 28 Serpents biting, see venomous beasts Sinews 5 9 13 16 19 30 102 114 129 141 142 160 161 163 168 169 170 172 178 182 183. Sides pained 13 16 17 21 23 26 28 29 135 163. Shingles 8 17 19 22 24. Sighing 9 13 31 127. Sinews shrinking 13 14 16 24 27 29 31 32 158 178. Scurvy 21 38. Sight, see Eyes. Sleep provokes, see watching Sneezing 6 Small pox, the makes of them, see pock-holes. Sores, see wounds and ulcers. Spiders 3 17. Spleen 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 38 44 59 60 61 68 72 101 102 103 108 118 123 125 129 130 132 135 137 141 147 161 163 171 172 173 175 177 179 182 183 184. Sprains 4 162 165 167. Spitting blood 4 5 9 12 15 16 17 19 20 22 23 26 27 32 59 106 108 120 123 131 132 145 149. Spirit vital 10 26 28 32 63 68 104 106 121 122 128 126 125 147 150. Spirit animal 26 32 122 127 147. Spirit natural 32 109 122 141 Spirit spent, see strength lost, and fainting. Splinters, see thorns. Spots in the face, see freckles. Stomach 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 〈◊〉 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 33 46 59 60 60 63 65 68 69 70 71 101 103 104 106 107 109 110 113 115 120 121 121 122 123 123 127 〈◊〉 130 〈◊〉 132 136 137 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 147 148 150 151 158 160 163 166 167 169 170 171 172 174 175 177 179 180 182 183. Strangury, 8 16 17 19 20 24 46 127 130 131 163. Stinking breath, see bowels. Stitch 8 15 16 23 44 60 65. Stone 3 5 6 7 8 9 11 12 13 15 16 17 18 19 21 22 23 25 27 28 30 31 33 44 46 60 61 102 106 122 127 130 131 132 136 139 146 160 164 182. Sunburning 4 6 14 15 23 25 60 61 73 166 184. Surfeits 13 19 60 102 105 107 142 143 149. Strength lost, 3 19 31 103 119 122 125 178. Sweat causeth 5 7 9 10 12 16 32 60 65 66 128 131 132 138 〈◊〉. Swellings 4 8 9 10 13 14 15 18 19 20 21 23 24 27 26 29 44 147 160 166 171 172 173 175 176 177 180 183. Swellings in the Privities, see Womb and Yard. Swoonings 33 66 104 127 184. Swelling in the mouth, 24. T Teeth on edge, 22. Teeth lose 4 11 14 29 33 183. Teeth, to make them fall out 30 To make teeth white 25 32 Teeth, to breed easily 31 Teeth strengthens 27 Tenasmus 30 Tetters 5 109 159 166 167 Terms provokes 4 5 6 7 8 10 12 13 14 16 17 18 19 21 22 23 24 25 26 28 30 31 46 60 61 65 68 69 102 110 112 121 125 129 130 131 132 141 160 182. Terms stops 3 4 5 6 7 9 10 11 12 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 26 27 32 61 106 108 115 129 129 130 131 137 147 148 149 151 169 〈…〉 〈…〉 128 125 147 184. Throat sore 14 17 18 19 26 29 30 48 116 117 119 158. Throat norrow 146 Toads 3 17 33. Toothache 4 5 6 8 9 10 13 15 20 27 60 69 71 121 176 184. Trembling 31 142 163 Tumours, see swellings. Tongue rough 27 123. V Venomous beasts 3 4 6 7 8 13 14 16 17 18 20 21 22 23 28 30 31 33 46 60 64 66 68 130 132 137 149 160 162 166 173 176. Vertigo or dissiness in the head 6 10 15 16 21 23 29 31 33 60 102 104 113 123 132 135 136 139 141 〈◊〉 〈◊〉. Veins broken 5 17. Veins opens 23 29 32. Ulcers 3 4 5 7 8 12 13 14 15 16 17 19 20 21 22 23 25 28 29 31 32 33 64 70 72 131 147 150 119 163 164 166 167 168 171 173 174 176 177 178 179 183 184. Ulcers in the Reins and bladder 16 27 60 106 131 132 147 158. Ulcers in the mouth 5 8 13 22 26 27 28 61 183. Ulcers in the Throat 10. Ulcers in the Lungs 16 22 see Phtisicks Ulcers in the Privities 19 61 158. Ulcers in the Eyes 148. Vomiting provokes 4 14 71 Vomiting stops 4 10 11 12 13 14 18 21 22 25 27 28 60 104 106 108 114 121 128 129 130 137 160 168 170 174 176 177 179. Vomiting blood 19 23 26 29 108 120 132 137. Voice 29 68 72 73 105 〈…〉 〈…〉 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 44 46 〈◊〉 61 72 101 107 109 110 114 121 122 130 131 132 141 146 150 182 184. W Warts 7. Watching 19 20 26 28 66 106 107 109 113 114 116 119 131 142 143 160 170. Wasps stinging 20 30 166. Wens 7. Wheals 143. Wheezing 19 23 48. Weariness 13 22 44 160 162 Whites in women 4 13 19 21 22 23 27 28 31 32 129. Wind 3 4 5 7 9 10 11 12 13 17 18 19 23 24 26 27 28 29 31 46 61 63 69 71 72 101 121 122 124 126 127 125 129 130 131 135 140 150 160 165 173 182 183 Windpipe 7 22 26 27. Witchcraft 19 32. Wisdom 33 129. Womb 7 14 20 21 22 23 24 26 27 28 30 31 60 107 111 112 113 125 133 137 160 163 164 172 179 183. Womb inflamed, see inflammations. Womb fallen out 14 16 27 169 171. women's travel 6 8 11 15 17 19 21 22 23 26 28 29 31 33 46 60 64 69 122 230 131 132 183. Womb swelled, see swellings Womb hardened 13 29 44. women's breasts, see breasts. Women newly delivered, and not well purged 15 113 136 144. Worms 5 8 10 13 15 16 17 18 19 21 23 24 27 28 29 30 33 60 61 61 71 160 166 172 181 184. Wounds 3 5 6 7 8 9 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 29 32 107 108 112 133 135 148 150 160 161 163 164 165 166 167 168 170 171 173 174 175 176 177 178 179 180 182 183 184. Wry mouths 162 163 Wry necks 15 21 25 Y Yard 20 21 24 25 164 182 Yard excoriated 17 21 Yellow jaundice 5 7 8 9 11 13 14 15 16 17 19 22 23 26 27 29 30 31 33 38 46 59 60 61 65 101 103 110 122 124 132 140 141 143 144 145 147 148. Youth preserves 24 124 〈◊〉. FINIS.