The CASE of many Coachmen in London and Westminster, and within the Weekly Bills of Mortality, Licenced according to the Act for Licensing Hackney-Coaches, but yet turned out by the present Commissioners.  
BY an Act made in the fourteenth year of His Majesty's Reign, for the reforming of Annoyances and Disorders in the Streets of, and places adjacent to the Cities of London and Westminster. It is enacted that there shall be but 400 Coaches to be Let to Hire in and about the said Cities of London and Westminster, and the places comprised within the Weekly Bills of Mortality, (excepting Stage-Coaches:) Which said Coaches were to be Licenced by Commissioners for that purpose, nominated by His Majesty under the Great Seal of England: which said Commissioners are to take five Pounds yearly Rent, and no more; for nonpayment whereof, the Coachmen are liable to a Distress: and for want of a sufficient Distress, to suffer Imprisonment; and for any other Misdemeanours committed contrary to the said Act, are to suffer the Penalties and Forfeitures in the said Act mentioned, which are fully set forth and declared by the said Act. But amongst them all there is not one word of a Forfeiture of the Licenses, nor any Direction or Declaration that they shall be Licenced for a year only, and no longer; nor that the said Licenses are determinable, or vendable at the Commissioners pleasure.  
But not only in point of Law, 〈◊〉 likewise by an Exposition upon the said Act, they are intended to be for Life: for the persons first to be Licenced, are to be Ancient Hackney-Coach-men, and such Coachmen as had been Sufferers for His late Majesty, or His Majesty that now is, and the Widows of them, and lively Support and Maintenance of them; which intention of the Act would have been frustrated, and the Hackney-Coach-men absolutely ruined at the Commissioners pleasure, if Licenses were grounded upon such uncertain grounds, as the Commissioners that now are, pretend. For a Hackney-Coach-man not being able to Let out to Hire a good Hackney-Coach, with Horses suitable to the meaning of the Act, without a great sum of Money to buy the said Coach and Horses, an●●o take a Dwellinghouse for himself and Servants, together with Stables and Coach-houses; and to make Provisions of Hay and Corn for his Horses, and a Sum to lie by him for the supplying of himself with Horses in case of loss, which often happens, and for the payment of Servants Wages. But it never was the intent of the Act to put them to this Charge for a year, which had been an intent to ruin them.  
Yet after all which great Expense and Charges, together with the great loss of Horses, that some have had. The Commissioners that now are, being 16 persons, did at one time take away 16 Licenses from 16 Ancient Hackney-Coach-men (as by their Summons for Appearance to 16 Informations in the Exchequer may appear) some of which have enjoyed their Licenses ever since the first time of granting Licenses by virtue of the aforesaid Act: And all the rest of them for many years, being Licenced by former Commissioners, as persons well fit and qualified, and always by the former Commissioners so thought, approved and allowed to be without the least molestation or interruption. And the 〈◊〉 Commissioners, or some of them under pretence of a new method of Regulation, never before thought of, or mentioned, would have absolutely ruined and undone the said 16 Ancient Hackney-Coach-men, if some of them had not put a stop to it, by publicly declaring that they would Prosecute at Law those persons that should buy any of their Licences, they questioning not but it was their Right, and due for life by the Act.  
And former Commissioners never looked upon any person once Licenced, but as Licenced for Life, notwithstanding they did yearly renew their Licenses: For the first Commissioners that ever were (being very Industrious and prudent men, and some of them well Learned in the Law) declared, that the only reason why they did renew their Licenses yearly, was only that they might know what Coachmen were dead; that if any Licence were Vacant, forthwith to fill up the Vacancy, for the better preserving of the sum allowed by the said Act for preserving of the Highways and Sewers, etc. And the Names and Habitations of such persons as had Licenses might be known, in order to the said Commissioners giving in their account yearly to the Commissioners of Highways and Sewers; and to see what Fines and Forfeitures (if any such) were due, and likewise to prevent the trouble and Charges of Distress, etc. By not continuing those persons Licenses which did not pay, and discharge the sums required by the Act at every years' end; and though that Clause than was not agreeable to the meaning of the Act; yet that Declaration of the Commissioners, and the Acting pursuant to that Declaration made the Coachmen acquiess therein, and never were molested, But now, though those Coachmen have paid their Rent duly as long as the Commissioners would receive the same, and since tendered it, and have performed all qualifications by the Act; yet are their Licenses taken from them.  
Since which Transactions aforesaid, by the negligence or indulgence of the Officers employed by the Commissioners, and by the Licensing of new persons by the Commissioners, in the room of those they turn out, the Streets have been, and are at this time so Annoyed, so many abuses committed, and so many Coaches worked by Unlicensed persons, with ill Coaches, and poor Horses: That the Hackney-Coach-men who are lawfully Licenced, are not only blamed and imputed to be guilty of abuses committed by persons that work unlawfully; but are also very much impoverished and disabled to pay the Rent required by the Act, and very hardly able to live and subsist, contrary to the intent of the Act, to the abuse of the King's people, and to the Ruin of those formerly Licenced.