THE French Politician FOUND OUT, OR CONSIDERATIONS On the Late Pretensions That FRANCE Claims to ENGLAND and IRELAND; and her DESIGNS and PLOTS in Order thereunto.  
By a Wellwisher of his Country.  
LONDON, Printed for Robert Harford, at the Angel in Cornhill. M.DC.LXXX.   

THE French Politician Found Out.  

THE FIRST DISCOURSE.  
RIbier, Du Chastelet, The Author of the French Politician, and other Libelers in France, have had the Confidence of late to pour out such a torrent of Injuries, shallow Pretensions, and Titles to England, that a Subject long acquainted with their Ways, thought himself bound in Duty and Faithfulness to his King and Country, humbly to lay some of his Observations before them; whereby it may possibly appear, that France is not so much our Friend as she of late pretended: That these Pretensions of hers are not the mere Academic Notions of some private Speculatist, but the sense of their Rulers; that they do but watch their Opportunity to put these and other Claims into Execution against us. And therefore if this be in some manner made manifest, that we can never have a fit opportunity than now to be beforehand with them, in entering into a Confederacy and Arms, if need be, with our Neighbours, against these Common Enemies, lest when they have too much weakened the rest, they become too strong for us alone, especially at Sea.  
Let's then observe, That it hath been of late a Practice of France, to make use of such Title-Broachers, as her Trumpets and Heralds, a little before she's resolved to invade any Country, to publish some Right, forsooth, to those Nations whom next she intends to set upon against Right and Reason, thereby to raise the Valour of her own Men with the speciousness of Justice in their Undertaking; to divide the Minds and Resolutions of some on the future Enemy's side: to suspend also the hands of her Neighbours, from intermeddling in a Quarrel which seems so plausible, or at least so doubtful; and that surely France (think they) cannot be unjust or rash in Actions, whereof she is ready to give such a fair Account to the World beforehand: And it is Prudence first to see what her Adversaries will answer her; so say they. And thus France leaving the Matter dormant, for a while, as if she thought no more of it; before, or as soon as her Adverse Party makes an Answer to her Manifesto, she suddenly and unexpectedly comes and makes her Reply with her Sword; there's that she would be at, from the very beginning; let your Defence to her claim be never so strong and just. Tush! that was but an Amusement, and her Inter Arma silent Leges, scorns to be bawked with such Ponctilios.  
All observing Persons might be furnished with Proofs enough of this Maxim, in the late Conduct of France toward her Neighbours; but here are some whereof I had a nearer occasion than many to know the particulars.  
Cardinal Richelieu, who as it is known first laid the Design of making his Master the Supreme Monarch of all Christendom, before he attacked Spain; in order thereunto encourages Cassan to write his Book of the Pretensions of France, upon all or most of the Kingdoms and Principalities of Europe; which he goes about to prove of each one in particular, either by former Conquest, by Alliances and Successions, by Clauses in Treaties, and such other obsolete Titles. However this Pretention Writer so tickled the French Ambition, and gave such seeming Colours to those Designs they would be upon otherwise, had they no ground at all; that the Cardinal ordered a present of Sixteen thousand Livers to be given to that Author; and so sent his Generals to go and pursue with the Sword these goodly Claims and forgotten Inheritance of the French Kings.  
Arroy, Du Puy, D' Aubery, and others, had no worse recompense, and were set on before these late Wars against Germany and Flanders; for to forge Titles to these Countries their Master had with himself determined to invade. They have done it however, but were smartly answered by Lisola and Ramos; and though Monsieur D' Ambrun bragged then at Madrid, that Ramos was the only Man Spain had to maintain its Interest upon the point of the Devolution; but that the King of France could make out his Right at the Head of Sixty thousand Lawyers; yet his Master scorning to stand to make good this French Gasconade, rather chose to speak at the Head of more than Sixty thousand Armed Men: While his Ambassadors were thus drolling and cajolling with their unwary Neighbours; and Amusing them with fair Pretences and Promises of Proving their Right by Lawyers and Mediators. But alas! with France it is too scrupulous a Nicety, so to depend on the Decisions at the Bar, or on those at Munster, Breda, or Nimeguen either; her King will plead his Rights but with the Mouths of his Cannons bravely, Alexander like; and he's told he hath more Right to all Europe than this Young Grecian had to Asia.  
For Patru in his New Law Book left this on Record as a perpetual Maxim to be followed by France, which he oft before maintained in open Parliament, That the Word Kingdom, with them, doth comprehend generally all the Lands, Principalities, and Dominions, which Fontune, Success and the Valour of the French Monarches, can add to the Sacred Subjection of the Flower de Luce. And ●s Rivers and Rivulets, by entering into the Sea, lose themselves presently, with all their particular qualities, as soon as they are incorporated to the Noble Ocean, so all conquered Provinces and Nations, do lose their peculiar Names, Privileges, and Prerogatives, to be made Members of the First Monarchy of the World, and of its Laws and Privileges.  
Pray tell me where this Maxim will not reach, or be made to stretch rather. For as the Habit in any unjust Course will mortify the remorse, and check the Sense of all other Law, that may dictate the contrary; so France, by a long practice of following these boundless Maxims, is become as it were accustomed to think that her Conquests must be as large as her Ambition; and that those Nations do really belong to her, she and her Mercenary Pens had but a Fancy of Right unto in the beginning.  
But what of all this, you'll say; these are but general Presumptions and Jealousies, when France puts in no Claim against England; I never heard of any, I can't fancy which way. Then hear further:  
The  Ribier (among the rest) sets out this Title of France to the English Crown, as you may more fully see in his French Book, and in the following Discourse; And one is in right of the Dolphin Lewis, Son to Philip Augustus, who by the Pope's means, and of some of the Rebelling Lords, entered and was Crowned here in England, and ravaged here a good while; designing by a general Massacre of all the English Princes and Peers to shorten his Conquest: till one of his French Cabinet Councillors could not die quietly till he revealed this horrible Project to some of the English Nobility. Such a Right as this, with such other, the French Kings are put in Remembrance of in their Coronation Oath.  
Such another Claim they lay to Scotland in Right of Francis the Second, who married Mary Steward Queen of Scotland; and though she had no issue by him, yet 'tis a Maxim with them, That the Crown can lose none of the Rights it once had, and that no Alienation can be made from it, but it still Reinters.  
By a Sequel of the same Maxim, they go on and say, That Ecclesia est sicut Minor. That no Alienation can be made from the Church no more than from Minors. But Ireland belonged to the Church of Rome, to which the Natives gave themselves up long ago; now the French King is Eldest Son of the Church, and her Heir: Nay it's said, than this good Old Mother either sold or gave him that Kingdom, when she could make nothing of it herself; and may he not then claim it upon as good and better Grounds than Spain took and kept Navarr from its Lawful King, being an Heretic; of which that Wise Granam deprived him by no other Right then by that by which she pretends to dispossess Heretic Kings.  
It was by that Right she sent her Nuncio to display the Banner of Rebellion in Ireland in 41, and another Nuncio in or about 78, to raise the same Tragedy. Was it not by this Transport or making over of Ireland to her most Christian Son, that the Titular Bishop Talbot, undertook with others in Seventy three to prepare a Seaport Town in Ireland by Brthe or Stratagem to Receive a French Army, and to have Irish enough secretly enlisted in a readiness to meet them; when they Attempted first to Kill the English Agent, who came to disclose their Designs, and prevailed with Secretary Perridge and others to Post after him; Swearing, That if they met Everard, he would never come to England to tell Tales; as even Sir Edward Hungerford, who chanced to meet them remembers. When upon another shame Accusation they thought they had procured his Mouth to be for ever stopped in the Tower, than I say they went on still with their Design in Favour of France; and some others, unknown to the former, who since deserted their Camps, disclosed that the said Talbot and others, were in 78, carrying on the same Treachery as securely as before: And some, even in this very Month, came from Ireland, and Accused, as is said, before the Council, those very Persons, with other Titular French Agents, as Plunkett, Molony, etc. of which some were, as it is known, in great Favour and Correspondency with the French Court.  
But supposed the French, had with the Papists conceived such a Design on England or Ireland, yet you say the Possibility of putting it into Execution, will still hinder it and make it Abortive. That the Landing of any Foreigner would be the Uniting of all our Divided Parties together against them; that they would be met with as Vnaminous a Resolution as when they were thought to have Landed at Purbeck Island last Year. And besides that, we would Clap up all Papists in such a Juncture that they are disarmed: And even the French themselves are sensible of this; therefore their Fleet and Back is Turned from us toward Italy and Germany.  
Though it is not my Design to dispute much about the possibility of an Attempt, which I wish might be for ever impossible; yet for conscience sake, and to remove our Countreymens' too much security, I say that neither you, nor any man, can know all the Papists, French, and other disaffected, prae-ingaged, Innovators, and Pensioners in England, who Protheus like, can shape themselves to all Figures: therefore how can you secure them all; how can you disarm them totally: And can you Answer for the Sentiments and Interest of all the different Parties in England, and specially in Ireland, which side they would incline? In Ireland, where to one Protestant there are three Papists, can you vouch they'll sooner join with an English Heretic than with a French Catholic? So many Ignorant Blind Zealots, so many Priestridden Furies, so many outed of their Estates on former Delinquencies, so many Thousands of Frenchified Officers and Cashiered Soldiers and Tories straggling there, shall they, think you, sooner join with English, against whom they have a blind Antipathy, than with those whom they look upon as damned Miscreants, Tyrants, Usurpers of their Country and Religion, than with the French Romanists, whom they would welcome as Saviour's and Restorers of their All: Nay as they think they lost all by the English, they'd venture all they have, viz. their Lives, for the French or other Foreigner. Neither can we be ware of all the Arms they may have hid, they may have Conveyed to them secretly; of all the Arms their fury could make use of in an uproar? What Store of Arms needed they for the Massacre of the Danes, or for the Massacre of the Protestants in Ireland? And can't their Holy Father enjoin again, on such an Occasion, a Third Massacre to be prepetrated to the full Honour of the Holy Trinity in Three Persons?  
In a word, what need we so much Dispute Touching the Impossibility of an Invasion, to render ourselves more secure, when our own Histories do convince us how often, to our Cost, such a thing hath been done, which we could not prevent, when for our sins God would suffer it to be, by some Art we could not foresee till done. And not to mention our General Conquests, can we forget that same in King John's Time, those other Landings of Spaniards and Italians in Ireland in Queen Elizabeth's Time, at the Invitation of the Pope and Papists? But you'll say we were then less Powerful, we were then more divided, we have stopped those Gapps; and it may be too they have refined their Policies and Ways of Attacking to the height of your Preparedness: and what ever our Power is now, I am sure the French were never more formidable and more fit to struggle with us. And our secret Divisions are near as great as our open ones were then; a little Spark from abroad, would perhaps, make it break out into a Flame; and our secret Enemies are no less dangerous than open ones: These can be known and met withal, but those cannot; and would be ready at a Watchword to follow on the back of us; arising, as it were, out of an Ambuscado.  
Yet all this, dear Countrymen, is said to caution and not to dishearten us, and to Unite and prepare us; as Fencers do show the several Passes that can be made upon us, for to be ready to parry 'em, if need require.  
My Design is not to dishearten, but to awaken and unite, to show that this is the Greatest Plot of all, viz. to work our Disunion, which makes all others successful.  
For I do not presume to say, That the French are just now ready for us, or preparing against us, but that the French do presume to set up Claims to our Country is apparent to the World in their Books and late Manifesto's; and give out mean, contemptible Characters of us, to seek to raise the Spirits of their Natives to triumph over us; that whether such things be done in Joke or Earnest, it is by such Artifices they began the Conquest of our Neighbours; its plain that they never let any of their Pretensions die, but watch fit opportunities for the execution of them; that the extraordinary number of their present Ships, is not answerable to any Design they might have on any Inland Towns or Places in Italy or Germany. What use is there of Ships to sail on the Land, that if there were no other Attempt against us, their Fleet is such, that it ought to breed Jealousy and Fears of Encroachments upon the Right of our Sovereignty on these Seas, on our Plantations, Seaport Towns, and our Inward and Outward Trade and Commerce; on the Rights and Privileges of our Neighbours, who for these many Ages stood as our Bulwarks and Banks against the swell of this ambitious and active Nation, never so powerful as now. That his strengthening and manning his Sea-port-Towns ought to be taken notice of, his turning out of all Protestant Officers from off his Ships. The Sums of Money he returns to Rome, the Prayers they make for his Designs there, the unconcernedness that Rome and other Popish Neighbours are in touching his vast Preparations. The strong Leagues he makes with Swedeland and Denmark, and with other Princes; wherein he strives to prevent us. All these Considerations, I say, should make us quickly to Reunite among ourselves, Prince and People, Dissenters and Protestants; and I dare say, if a War were thought sit to be made with France, in Union with our Neighbours, there would be no better means to Reunite us all; for this is the grand Plot of all other Plots, to keep us still disunited, to open a gapand inlet in our Body for a Foreigner.  
Yet after all, knowing that the main difficulty will still lie herein, to persuade us that the French are not so much our Friends as we believe them to be; and fearing we should be thought to wrong that Nation rashly or groundless, I will more particularly quote some of the Authors of the French Politicks Policies, which he proposes to his King, and will confirm by many Secret and Public Transactions and Matters Fact, that in their continual Practice they do follow these Maxims I will not insist on the means he offers of enslaving his own Country, let them look to that, of raising more the Nobilities power over the People; of divesting of the Parliaments Prerogatives to invest the King therewith; of bringing down the Clergy, that he make the Leeches of the Public Revenue disgorge: Let him, I say, suggest means of Arming at Sea, without charge to the Crown, of improving of Trade, and the Colonies and filling of the King's Coffers: But what hath he to do to be a Pedagogue to his Ambitious Prince, for to enslave other free Nations that have nothing to do with him.  
This Politician than tells his King, That Spain is slow and stupid, and are not sensible of any smooth trick he may put upon 'em, but only of Affronts upon the Punctilio of Honour, yield 'em in that a little. He incites his Master to fill Portugal with Soldiers, to act in due time; and that the French Queen herself ought to second this by her Friends in Spain. He advises him to sow Divisions 'twixt the Prince of Orange and the Hollanders and the English, on the other side. To bridle Spain, and set these Nations to weaken and undermine each other. Let the King endeavour (saith he) to break their Leagues and Allies the one from the other, by feeding them with promises of imaginary supplies on that condition, and of joining the French Fleet to theirs; but they must have Orders to Act but for a show and not in earnest.  
Now he comes to propose the ways of undermining England. And first he calls her Perfidious, and without Faith or Trust. That France ought to make no Treaty or Peace with her, but on advantageous and ambiguous terms; yet he wishes his Master to dissemble with England for to devour her the last. He than gins to declare by what Artificers this King must be brought to conceive Jealousies of his English Subjects and Parliament, and the Parliament likewise of the King; and to bring about that they may not abide the one the other, nor close one with the other.  
In keeping the English thus in Feudes among themselves (saith he) the French will have time to push the Wheel of their Interest forward, and promote their own Designs abroad and against us without control or suspicion, and then it will be easy enough to find a pretence to break openly with us, either on the account of the Title of France we take, and that the King of England must be put to it to renounce the same; as Queen Elizabeth forced Francis the Second of France and Queen Mary of Scotland to quit the Title of England, they put in the Style, etc. or else to pick a Quarrel on the Point of the Precedency of our Ambassadors.  
Then he comes to show after what manner France must seize on Scotland, seeing that thence first sprung the Fire (as he says) that set England on a Flame. Then he doubts not but that Ireland will carry things very far of itself. Afterwards that Sects must be set at variance, one English with another; by which means Germany, and the Seventeen Provinces were put to Confusion.  
That the King of England must be made a Favourer of the Catholics, and Letters to be framed which must be interpreted for the proving of it. Then that the Hollander must be flattered that the French will make the Trade fall from England into their hands. That Belle Isle, or the Island of the may be given to the Knights of Maltha, who must demand of England to restore the Commanderies and Benefices they formerly had here.  
But this Author finding that his Master would be too much fettered, by seeking out Pretences of Right to countries', tells him plainly that he needs such and such places more; and that's reason enough (for their Conscience.) He needs (saith he) to get Strasburg, the French Comty, the State of Milan, and of Gone, Portolongone and Piombin; for to reduce Suisserland, Savoy, Tuscany, Madera, Parma and Rome itself; that Sardinia, Naples, and Sicily would follow of themselves. But that in fine, Fontaraby, Navarr, Majorca, and Minorca, would sit him mighty well toward his Universal Monarchy Undertaking; but he's a Fool, could not he have put him on the Conquering of Spain at his first step, and so all these same subordinate States would fall to him by course.  
Being then in Employ at the French Court, we were told that his Majesty of Great Britain, as soon as he read these pernicious Maxims, looked upon one of the Colberts, than here Ambassador, angrily saying, He well perceived that France did not coaks him but to destroy him. But that they bragged that Colbert put it handsomely off, by saying, That this Book was composed by Lisola the German, and to defame France; which incited the Curious to Examine whether that were true or not, but they found that the stile and manner was quite different, and that these Maxims were but for the advantage of France alone.  
This Manuscript of the French Politician, had lain long in the French Kings Cabinet, whence an Officer was found to have stolen a Copy of it; than it was printed clandestinely, and care was taken for the suppressing it.  
But to evince it more closely and undeniably, that that Book, with the other, which I quoted above, came out of the French Mint, that's out of their Cabinets; I'll manifest it by their late Practice in every one of those Maxims, that are set down in the French Politician. It's true, that Marshal Villeroy, a great Statesman, was wont to reduce the main Stratagems, by which they wheadled their Neighbours, to these two, Par Finance & Finesse, that is by Money and Cunning and Coney too, which is one of their chief Nets to catch their Neighbours in. But to come to particulars, Their chief Artifices for dividing and undermining their Friends, may be reduced to these following: 1. By Sinon's or pretended Fugitives. 2. By Pensioners in our Councils. 3. By Alliances and French Ladies. 4. By breaking open and diciphering our Secretess Letters. 5. By sending Auxiliaries that favour our Enemies. 6. By Ambiguous Treaties, to gain time and advantage of breaking them. 7. By spreading Slanders and fomenting Jea: lousies betwixt the Kings and their People. 8. By entertaining a secret League with the Turk.  
Now to begin with those more general and remote means, which France takes to divide her Neighbours in their Leagues and Amity. She usually calls in the Turk upon the back of 'em; and this most Christian King will not stick to enter into secret Covenants with that Antichristian Tyrant against the rest of Christendom. I need not mount up so high as Francis the I. Henry the II. and other their Successors, who openly brought in the Turk against Charles the V and other Emperors; public Histories can bear me Witness in it. Rincon and Fregose were taken by the way, seized with Instructions from Francis the I▪ to Soliman, to excite this Infidel to War against the Christian Princes; and when any of Francis his Neighbours would upbraid him with such Antichristian Treacheries, he could put it off but with a Drollery: What, says he, May not I, when beset with Wolves, call in for Dogs to help me. But to come to our times, What made the French to be the occasion of the loss of Candia, and to yield the advantage at Gigeries and Hongary, but for to manage the Turkish Amity to oppose him to the Emperor, if he proffers to stir or to enter into Triple League. They sent some Supplies, 'tis true, to dazzle the World, but when Lafoy Fevillade (who knew not the Secret) brought his Men to an Engagement, he was opposed by Coligny; who had Orders to do things but for a show. Besides, the King sent Counter Orders with some of the major Officers, which they were to read, but when they came to Candia; Monsieur De Louvas hindered many of the most valiant and considerable Officers, Gentry and Soldiers, to go thither, even as Volunteers. In fine, The Divisions, Counter-seasons, and wilful Misunderstandings of the French with their Allies, in that occasion, did more to the loss of the City, than the Batteries of the Turks, who had spent some score years in vain toward the Conquest of that place, but could never get it out of the Venetians single hands, till these double-dealing French Friends came into help more toward the losing of it than the maintaining it; so that the Venetians might have had more reason to send back these French Supplies than they had in returning home Prince Almerick of Modena's Succours upon some such suspicion.  
And the Turkish Ambassador (a thing very unusual to be sent from the Ottoman Grandeur) who afterwards was dispatched to the French Court, unriddles the Matter, and though the King made the difficile and scornful with him, yet he sent Orders to caress him and make much of him in secret; as looking upon the Mahometans to be one of the chief Supporters of his Crown and State.  
And as the French will be Friends with the Turks to use 'em against their Enemies, so with those they pretend openly to help, as their Friends, they deal as with Turks in effect, by underhand Conspiracies; I mean in their Auxiliary Supplies to their Allies: Their Succours tend but to leave 'em in the lurch, to be desroyed by their Concurrents; that when he hath engaged the Frog and silly Mouse to a Fight, to weaken the one the other, he, the French Kite, might the more easily snatch 'em both away in his greedy Talons. Besides what we alleged above of his treacherous Auxiliaries to Hongary and Candia, we may intimate those he sent some years ago to help Holland against the Bishop of Munster; and a little afterwards on the same Claims sets Munster again Holland; and when it came to the push, leaves him to the mercy of the Hollander, all he sought for, being but to seek to destroy these two (Supporters of Flanders) the one by the Hands of the other. His Design was the same touching England, when of late he sent his Fleet to assist us against Holland, with secret Orders to d'Estree, to leave the English and Hollander to destroy each other.  
While France, both at the Treaty of the Pirenees, and afterwards, had sworn a firm Offensive and Dofensive League with Spain; they underhand sought to weaken their Allies, by sending men and money with Colbert, Schomberg, and under Turenne's Name, as Volunteers to the Portuguezes, till a Ship that was taken by the Spaniards, happily discovered that the Portuguezes were stirred up and encouraged by the French in their Attempts against the Catholic King. France, by reason of a French Princess, seemed to be the greatest Friend in the World to Poland, but to show what Friendship that was, they manage with Swedeland that Treaty of Stumdorff seemingly in favour to the Polanders, but in effect very prejudicial to them, and in the mean time Avagour, Lombres, and Bezieres, are employed to set these Crowns together by the Ears, and to persuade King Cazimer of Poland to lay down his Crown, to make way for Conde, Newburg, or for some other Votary of France. Moreover, while this coaksing Nation did hug the Emperor, he finds such Papers in the taking of Muran, a Fortress in the Upper Hungaria, which manifestly shown that the French had in the mean time encouraged the Hungarians in this Rebellion.  
3. Another Artifice of theirs is to send out Sinon's, or protended Eugitives, which are forsooth banished from their Court, yet these are in a secret Intelligence with them to send to 'em all Foreign Intelligences, by seeming to betray France to that Nation whereunto they sly. Thus have we known and seen Monsieur Gourville to be banished, as it were upon the account of Foucquet to brussels, Madrid, and the Hague. There to screw himself into favour, he communicated to 'em some empty Secrets, to hid from them the true State of Affairs of France. His Couriers did seemingly go from Paris to Flanders and Holland, and backward again; and in this Hurry, Course and Intercourse, he fed the Spaniards but with Chimaeras, and sent an Account of their real Designs into France: But after all, when this Impostor was found out by the Spaniard, he was as hearty wellcommed at Paris, as if no grudge had ever been; and from Intendant of the Prince of Conde's, he was received into an inner favour. I could mention the Guizes in former times, who were banished, to gull the Protestants, and some of late sent into England, and perhaps the Earl of S. (who in their Language makes sixteen) is this last month fled hither into England, upon no other occasion.  
4. What should I run over the particulars I above promised to demonstrate, when all observing persons may prove them to themselves. When his late breaches of the Treaties of the Pyrenees, of Breda, of Westphalia, and of Nimeguen, do show that France values not otherwise such Ties, than Lisander did the solemnest Oaths, that is to deceive men thereby, and to get a fit opportunity of breaking them to his advantage. But we intent to set forth shortly an Abstract of the Treaties of France with the House of Austria in this last Century, and the Reasons of the Alternative Growth and Decline of each of these, and therein it will from the words of the Treaties and Impartial Historians appear, how far the French are to be trusted to in this point of Transactions and Covenants.  
5. Now as to the use they may make of Emissaries and Pensioners abroad, to make Factions in the Neighbouring Courts; the clear-sighted know that Monsieur Vaubrun was sent into Germany but for to stir Serin and Ragotzi, against the House of Austria. Each one may perceive that the Prince Furstemburg, who is in Bavaria, does act in consort with the other Furstemberg, that resides in France: And that Monsieur Gremonville was the occasion of the Revolt in Hungary; for which and several other Divisions he wrought in Vienna, he was expelled more civilly than he deserved.  
The Archbishop of Gnesne and the Marshal Sobieski, were the Pensioners that France bragged of in the Court of Poland; and of some also in ours, which could be named, but that a respectful tenderness for my Countrymen makes me more reserved, and shall shut them up in my own Breast, hoping they have since repent of such base and unnatural Treacheries, toward their generous and gracious King, and dear Country; especially knowing some of 'em to be dead, and others almost dying: which were mentioned in Parliament.  
6. Now touching French Princesses they match out, to have occasion thereby to divide their Neighbours, God forbidden that I should think that all the Ladies of that Rank were Fredegonde, Brunehaut, or Helena like, but that as this later was the occasion of the subtle Grecians getting foot into the Trojan Territories, and of embroiling and ravaging it by long Wars; so I observed that most commonly those French Princesses are Engines of State, to carry along with 'em abroad Corresponding Colonies of that restless, ambitious, and intriguing Nation, to make the interest of that Court where they go to bend to that of their Native Country, which they ever love best. I'll but glance at Examples, The very memory of Mary of Nevers is odious in Poland, by whose occasion that Country was brought into such inward Disturbances and Factions, that not long ago King Cazimir himself at last was fain to quit the Crown for a quiet Coole in the Abbey of St.  at Paris But the observant in Public Affairs may find fresh Precedents hereof in Tuscany, Portugal, and perhaps England not long since; and I am afraid that Lady they of late sent to Spain, will be the pretence in time to come, of making more Demands than that of Mastrick, which they would now go about.  
7. Hitherto we have touched of the Causes or Instruments the French do make use of, now of the Effect, which is Divisions in Foreign Courts, either to cut out work for such at home, that they may be no Obstacle to the Carrier of the French Conquests; or to make a Breach among us, at which they may creep in more easily. For the proof hereof, for brevity's sake I'll refer you to what I hinted above, touching the Divisions the French Emissaries wrought in Poland in and before the year 71, and likewise about and before that time in Germany, when their Agents swarmed there to sow those Seeds of War which we have since seen sprung up to such a height as cannot be yet cut down nor extirpated possibly by all the hands in Europe. Colbert the Junior (as I mentioned before) not long since carried away Corn and Coin, viz. Thirty thousand Crowns into Portugal, by way of Loan as it were, to raise the Country against the Spaniard, and so make a Diversion from Flanders. But the Instructions and Covenants whereby the French required some Seaport Towns on the Coast of Spain to be given to themselves (as I warrant you they'll serve no Friend for nothing) these I say were seized in another Ship that straggled into the Spaniards Net, where all the Mine was discovered. Such was the Disturbances they wrought in Lorraine, that the late Duke (somewhat guilty thereof himself) dolefully cried out, That the Neighbour hood of France was a smoke that would drive him out of his own Country and Estate.  
What should I mention the Jealousies, Dissensions and Divisions, which we with tears behold here to be wrought by them in our England and its Dependants, when any unbyass'd considering person may perceive that they strive to repeat the Scenes of the late Intestine Tragedy, wherein that Wicked French Ambassador Monsieur de Thou, by his Agents confessed and repent too late, to have acted here the Prologue, by traducing, blasting, and heightening in that moderate Royal Martyr a propensity to Popery, forsooth, by misrepresenting the King to the People, the People and Parliament to the King, by unsuspected Instruments; by contriving means to divide the unwary Protestants about Formalities and petit Differences, about Indifferent Things, wherein it is impossible to unite 'em in, no otherwise than by Charity, Meekness, and Patience; for Persecution is observed to increase Proselytes, and make 'em more zealous and virtuous; which otherwise without opposition would languish and decay: but if the work be of God, as Gamaliel said, that cannot be destroyed by Men by all art or power. When by such Artifices the French and Jesuit had blinded some Dissenting Zealots with specious Pretences of removing evil Councillors and of some Encroachments, than things being ripe, the greedy Lawless Soldier is brought on the Stage, to make our King and People bleed together, without seeing the Hook, but too late; when at first moderate and impartial Counsels might have healed things, if they might be suffered to come to an understanding, and to touch the Root of the Disease; Sed quid haec ingrata revolvo.  
But remember in a word, That whether Times tend to a further Dis-union of Spirits, or to a thorough Union, yet in either Juncture the Judgement of God and Man will soon find out those base Sinon's, those Incendiaries, those French Pensioners and Lawless Statesmen, that seek to divide the good Father and his poor Children, and to rend miserably their own Mother's Bowels for private ends by unworthy Policies. And those Persons or Party (whatever it be) which recede most from French Devices and Popish Forms, and shall in their plain meaning and counsels, tend but to close to the honest Fundamental Laws of their Country and of the Gospel, after a simple, loyal, and charitable Interpretation; they and only they shall prevail and be in request with their King and Country at the long Run; for that God will be above Man. In fine, I refer to the Reader to judge, and to our Superiors to determine, Whether the mean proposed in the following Discourse (which lay by me) be so seasonable or practicable, which however I meant to be of this use, to make a Diversion of all Englishmen inward bitterness and choler, against a more fit Object and Enemy; that they may cease to look upon one another with a sharp Eye, but look off rather towards abroad, whence the Spring of our Divisions come; viz. from France and Rome.   

THE French Politician FOUND OUT.  
THat the greatest dangers of Spain were from England, by reason of our power at Sea, and that we could block up the Spanish Ports at pleasure; this our Monsieur believed as firmly, as if it had been an Article of his Creed, and that the Plot, as he had laid it, in its success was Infallible.  
'Tis a Truth. But if it were some years ago the Interest of this Crown to accord to that Maxim; Time, and the present weaknesses of Spain (sinking under its own burdens) have turned the Balance, and made it impracticable. The Face and State of Affairs are now very much changed. Henry the Seventh was too nearly allied with the House of Burgundy, and Ferdinand the Catholic, not to have opposed the Cabals, which were then form against Mary, to bereave her of the Low-Countries. His Son Henry the Eighth followed the same Counsels; and if at any times Charles the Fifth was traversed by him, it arose from that just Apprehension he had of his growing Grandeurs; Fortune being more favourable to him, than to Francis the First, whose loss had been a fair Step unto his own.  
Queen Elizabeth harboured the same Jealousies; for Spain, puffed up with a long continued course of prosperous successes, was not arrived to that pitch of Declension we see it now adays. And if Charles the First beheld with an Eye of Envy the progress of France, Charles the Second might do it also, his Fear being much more warrantable, because that Kingdom is grown more powerful, more formidable than when his Father reigned. And there be Arguments of Glory, Revenge, and Interest for my Assertion, all which, according to the best of my judgement, are strictly interwoven one within the other.  
Glory demands the continuance of the (triple) League; because this had twice bridled a Prince who had slipped out of it, and who, without this Restraint, would have overrun all bounds by reason of his unmeasurable Ambition, the sole and unvariable Rule of all his Undertake. Besides, it can be no dishonour unto England to be reproached of France, as heretofore, of slackness in assisting her, and that we loved to prolong and foment her Civil Wars, if not to make them perpetual.  
Revenge is yet another and stronger Motive to invigorate us in our conduct, whether you reflect upon what is past, or on things present. For the present, 'tis well known that the French promises are only tendered us for the better enabling them to play their own Game; and the mischiefs they are now a brewing, should now inspire us with a greater abhorrency of their greater masked Villainies.  
Moreover, those brave Methods propounded by our French Politician for the subversion of this Kingdom, whose Glory Eclipseth theirs, are no longer with any patience to be endured.  
Add farther that injurious manner wherewith they treat England, because it carries the Balance of Europe, and supports the Oppressed against their Violence and Tyranny.  
And could we not remember those Invectives wherewith they have wounded the whole Nation, yet this should be considered, that they never spared the Sacred persons of our Princes.  
Ribier is pleased to strew these sweet Flowers upon Henry the Eighth, viz. That he was the most Insidel and unconstant Prince of his Age, full of Tentation and Double dealing, whose Soul Symbolised with the Seas environing his Island.  
And the  Author of the French Politics adviseth, that the King now reigning should be voiced a Roman Catholic, thereby to procure him his Subject's hatred, and to Augment it be feigned Letters written to some of the leading Protestant Lords, to render them suspected, and procure their Ruin by a Maxim, which with extreme imprudence they themselves have divulged to the World.  
These Counsels and Invectives were all forged by them, because Henry would not turn the Scales wholly of their side to destroy Spain and England in consequence thereof, which without this invincible Obstruction, must have been together by the same Torrent overwhelmed.  
And as to what concerns Charles the Second, that general interest, in which insensibly he is engaged, affords Alliment to a damned Plot, which is by them secretly carried on against him. But I pass this by, and come to the Question under debate.  
And it is this: That the Consideration of what is passed should so far influence a potent Prince, who hath his Sword in his hands, as to carve out his own satisfactions from them, whose insensibleness of doing wrongs raiseth them to such a degree of Insolence, as to deride us.  
Aquitain, Normandy, and their dependant Provinces, together with Guysnes, Ardres, Bouloign, and Calais, ancient Demeans of the Crown of England, are such important pieces, and their Conquest so easy, that they will surrender themselves as soon as England shall seriously invade them; provided, that the Obligation of the League and Powers composing it, remain firm and inviolable; and that from a mere defensive War we become Aggressors, and despoil him of those Trophies, who, after the glorious Example of his Ancestors, hath enlarged the bounds of his own Dominions on the wrack and losses of his Neighbours.  
But and if this Design be delayed, and leisure given France to debase Spain, than all must yield to the rapid course of that Nation, who is now making Chains for us, nay, carrieth them with her, to bind and enslave such who shall first make head against her, and at long run, of all those who either secretly or openly maintained or abetted this horrible Design against the common and public safety. And let her Neighbours be once brought down, England devested of her Friends will be little more than the work of one day, and must fall in that very moment she is Assaulted. The pretext is ready, either England shall lose the Title of France, or France will usurp that of England. I'll explain myself somewhat more largely.  
France being now rid, and standing in no longer fear of her Competitors, will infallibly break with England, imitating herein Queen Elizabeth, who quarrelled with Francis the Second, for Entituling himself Heir of that Crown she possessed, and whereof she was exceeding jealous, Marry of Scotland having furnished her Husband with a Title. But suppose this colourable pretence be neglected, yet will he serve himself of one more remote; for who so hath a mind to pick quarrels, and wage War, will never talk so big and loud, as the whole World may hear him. I'll not lead you far to fetch an Instance.  
Lewis, Son of Philip Augustus, King of France, reigned in England, maugre all the oppositions of King John, who was deposed for his Tyrannies. At length John having recollected his miscarriages, reconciled himself with the Pope, becomes his Tributary, demulceth his Holiness with his golden Promises, and profound Submissions, and Lewis unfortunately loseth his newly acquired Crown. 'Tis true, he bequeathed the Right thereof (such an one as it is) unto his Successors; who preserve it carefully, and assert it publicly, in a formal Prayer sung in these express words at their Coronation, viz. That he will never relinquish the Sceptre of the ancient Saxons, Mercians, and other Princes, who have reigned in England. And therefore the Kings of France, since Lewis the Eighth, may with more justice, say they, assume the Title of Kings of England, than the Kings of England style themselves Kings of France.  
It was Ribbir that set up this imaginary Title, and suggested unto France a pretext and ground for falling out with England upon the first and next favourable opportunity. I have given her the first Intelligence of the Thunderbolt: England may yet in time avoid it.  
Is it to be imagined that Lovois, and many great ones, whose Fortune and that of their Friends depends upon Warlike Employments, will not now stir their King to those new attempts against England, (in case they want other Employment) showing unto him the easiness of it, from the Divisions, Jealousies, and Unprovidedness that England is in, and the many secret Friends they have here. But in case they did alter these Measures, or not now execute them, yet seeing our forwardness; and our Spirits, Eyes, and Arms, to be up and ready for them; that, I say, will make still our conditions better with them, whether we stand their Enemies, Friends, or Neuters; otherwise they will be more apt to slight both the one and the other.  
But lastly, let's give Interest leave to follow Revenge, and show what Measures we ought to take from the Consideration of this cogent Topic. I confess the Motive is interwoven with that of Glory; but yet more firmly, because it runs on two Principles, and both of vast weight and consequence; the one is particular and private Interest, the other is more general and public. This last aims at the common Repose of Europe, and its care and perpetual endeavour must be to restrain the Ambition of those two great Potentates, who court the Empire, which cannot be effected without conserving England's Peace at home, and confining those two enraged Neighbours to their just and respective Bounds, that if one of them should win any thing from his Rival, he may not presently invade England, who became an idle Spectator of their Actions, without cherishing their mutual Enmities, and giving a Curb to their several Erterprises. If Reason of State speaks loudly in deaf Ears, Glory doth it in shriller and clearer Terms.  
But over and above this general Peace of Europe, wherein I could wish England were occupied, there is somewhat in special that should rouse her up from her present Lethargic drowsiness, viz. That France brags how facile it is to blind her Eyes, and cause her to take what new Measures she pleaseth.  
You will say these are points of grand Importance. Convince England of them. Well! I shall debate of both immediately.  
Let's first touch at this of the common Safety, and we will in the next place consider of the proper means to bound France, that she may not abuse their Credulity, who can certainly and absolutely mortify her.  
Marillac, Ambassador for Francis the First, thus writes to his Master from London, that the English were displeased they had suffered the French to fortify Ardres, and that before it was too late, they would hinder the finishing those Fortifications: Adding, That they were vexed to the Heart that the King had fortified Ardres, and that they repent very much to have permitted our men proceed so far, that yet notwithstanding they had time enough to reduce matters to their former state, because they had been informed that Ardres could not yet in one whole year be so repaired, but that it might be as easily forced.  
But if Ardres, which is no more than a shadow of what France possesseth in the Low Countries, did heretofore strike a Jealousy into England, should not that gross multitude of important Towns, and the Thirds of a large and vast Estate, render her now by far much more jealous? especially since it hath given such fearful and violent shocks unto the whole Land, made another Neighbour Republic tremble, yea and it trembles to this very day at their near Approaches; the French Armies being led on by a mighty Captain trained up in the School of business, enured to Hardships and fortunate Successes in all his Conduct and Administrations. And Ardres (to say nothing of Calais and Gravelling) is something less than Dunkirk, if it be considered according to the present Estimate that France doth set upon it. These two places are the two Ports, from whence one day the Storm shall be wafted over into England, if England suffer France to incorporate the Naval Forces of Holland with her own, and to inoculate that fair Bud into her Imperial Crown. Persons of the weakest Understanding may without difficulty penetrate into the Issues and Successes of such an Union.  
And let it be remembered, that France was formerly invenemed against England for redemanding Calais, and having once got it out of the Spaniards hands, she wanted neither Armies, nor any other considerable means, to make a sure and speedy Conquest of other places.  
If Fear then bounded their proceed, because it was not so easy a matter to dispossess the English, where once they had got footing; yet was it easy enough to disseise and unroost others, either by Force or Treaty, as they did justly enough by that of Veruins; yet now the Tables are turned, for they once understanding that Spain is brought upon her knees, the Conquest of that and England will not cost much time nor pains. The Balance being now removed, their Forces augment daily, and like a violent Inundation carry all before them. It's true, this is yet impossible if England do not stand neuter, while other Nations are entering into more than a Triple League; which to effect the one and hinder the other, they turn every stone, they embarrass all Affairs, they support the Intrigue with a thousand hopes, and those hopes with a profuse expense of Treasure, which forceth a passage through those sordid Souls, whose sole Interest is their private Gain and Advantage. And that which is most surprising is this, they engage the Favourites, who are Lords of th' Ascendant at Court or elsewhere, and at this rate believe themselves potent enough to give what Laws they please to all politic Transactions, if so be the true Interest give ground unto the false, which is cheating, changeable, and infallibly destructive to them that do embrace it.  
And by these means they of late out the Gordian Knot of that Triple League, as if they were cocksure beforehand of their designs, and their business were already done unto their hands; Pomponne was dispatched into Swedeland, to disengage that Crown from the League by the golden promises of Conquests, Pensions, and Presents, which will go very far in a poor Country, and remove whatever Obstacle stands in his way to the Empire of all Europe.  
The worst is, that in France at those times they did publish this Negotiation, branding England with the goodly Names of Unconstant and . Which brings to my mind a story of the Viscount of Narbonne, who told an Englishman, That six hundred Tun of Wine and a Pension had quickly sent them back again to England. The other answering, It was a Tribute and no Pension. This was in the Reign of Lewis XI. who disengaged England from succouring the Dukes of Burgundy and Bretaigne. The Jest was biting, but 'tis the usual Coin wherewith France pays such whom it openly flatters, that so she may if possible ruin and strangle them the more cunningly.  
A League with England blocks up the Spanish Havens, so saith du Plessis; and the French are hot and intent upon it. Truth is, the Daughter of Time and Time must discover the events of this Maxim. Only let me add by the way, that if France cannot prevail with England to do this  for her, she will tack about and treat with Spain upon other terms, that relinquishing the Spanish Netherlands she shall be recompensed more abundantly with the Spoils of some other parts of Europe, which France will conquer for her. We will unriddle this Mystery, and let England seriously consider;  
Castillon in his Embassy for Francis I. writing from London adviseth his Master to a League with Spain against England; For (saith he) I would ever counsel Your Majesty to quit other designs, and accord with Spain, and to give this Kingdom in prey, which may be with more facility and less expense effected, than to take Calais; for the expense cannot last above one month or six weeks at the most. Divide England between you, and let each take those parts of it which lie most commodious and convenient for him. And in the close he subjoins, Your Majesty may keep Wales, and Cornwall, and Scotland for yourself, and leave the sorry remainders unto the Emperor.  
There be three things worthy our observation from this Ambassadors Advice. The one is, that France believed she might cheat Spain into this treacherous Conquest, provided Spain would but sacrifice to her Covetousness and Ambition the Low Countries. The second is, that Spain keeps fast and faithful to the Public, and prefers it before her own private Interest. And then lastly, because of this Fantastic League England must immediately and infallibly be conquered as soon as invaded, especially let her be once abandoned of her Allies, and that France have brought Spain and Holland upon their knees, and hath united their scattered disjointed Naval Forces with her own. I trust my Sentiments are plain, so plain that the meanest Capacity can comprehend me.  
Alliances betwixt Crowns bring little profit to the People. This is visible in the Matches between the two Royal Houses of France and England; for no sooner was Henrietta Maria wedded unto King Charles, but State-Interest and the Capricious Humours of the Favourites interrupted that Peace, which a long time before had continued between both Kingdoms, and by the Marriage was sworn to be perpetuated. Experience also of what had past might have rendered Spain more advised, and to have avoided that snare, into which she ran through false Maxims, with a great deal of Joy.  
I'll only quote one passage out of the Memoirs of the Duke of Sully; he then writing to Henry iv about his Intrigues with Spain tells him; That the growth of one Prince is the diminution of another; that no Parentage, Affinities, Leagues, Peace, Treaties, Agreements, Oaths, or reciprocal Promises, could ever yield sufficient Precautions for time to come against Interest of State.  
I could wish this Memoir affixed on the Cabinet of Madrid for their future Reformation, and that in time to come they would take other Measures; sigh Lewis XIV. adheres most pertinaciously to the Maxims of Sully, and that after a Treaty sworn with the greatest seriousness and solemnity, and a Session of all Rights made and verified in due form of Law. For instead of observing it they are now debating other Rights, and demand an hundred things, which being refused, they take up Arms, and proceed to the worst Acts of Hostility, leaving us without hopes of any Calm to follow upon this Storm, which menaceth with an universal Deluge all the Netherlands.  
Give me leave to subjoin one important Advice unto England: The Right of Edward III (saith Laboureur) is not worth the mentioning, were it not to tell the world how unrighteous the English are in their pretensions to it, and to manifest what necessity lieth on us to keep that Nation at a bay, at a distance from us, which is naturally quarrelsome, born our Enemy, and that will borrow Assistance wherever she can get it, and take up any the least pretext in the world to subdue and ruin us. Robert Abbot of La Celle reproached an English Prelate with this, that his Countrymen in their Inclinations resembled that Element which did encompass them, that is to say, they were cruel, proud, unconstant, and seditious. These are noble Eulogies indeed conferr'd upon your Friends, Monsieur, in a time of perfect peace, nay upon your best and most potent Friends, to whom you have in this present Juncture of Affairs your Recourse, and who are guilty of this very great Oversight, to suffer themselves to be charmed by your Flatteries and Cozenages.  
When as Queen Elizabeth redemanded Calais for just Reasons she then alleged, the French resolved rather to endure a War, wherewith she menaced them, than to surrender it: Because (saith the same Laboureur) there was a double danger, one to suffer our ancient Enemies to get footing in the Continent of France; and then too because they are Heretics, who would always have a Faction in the State to revive their old Quarrels at pleasure; and that it more concerned us now than heretofore, to shut them up with their new Religion on the other side the Sea.  
This was done in the Sale of Dunkirk, and if any other place offer itself to purchase, France will be no Higler, but purchase it at any rate, supposing she be discharged of her Wars with Spain. Again, Queen Elizabeth insisting still upon the Restitution of Calais, and speaking of it unto Sancy, he after several shifts and excuses, By God, Madam, (quoth he) can Your Majesty be so simple as to imagine the King my Master would give you Calais again? Which Answer touching her to the quick, she demands Bouloigne in lieu of it. The King, who foresaw the Consequence of the English setting footing once more on French Ground, commanded her to be told, That he had rather the King of Spain should give him a Box on the ear, than the Queen of England should give him a Filip. And in troth she had not Calais when the term of Eight Years was expired, although according to Treaty it was then to have been surrendered, or Hostages and sufficient Security for payment of Five hundred thousand Crowns promised her in case of Non-performance. But as usual they fail of their Words, and the good Queen only recovered Six score thousand Crowns at the Treaty of Troy's.  
Thus Calais is once again become French. France loves her own Repose and Glory too much ever to part with it; and the Subjects as well as their Prince are too much in love with it, to suffer it slip out of their hands. I speak but the very words of the Cardinal of Lorraine; There is no Frenchman (saith he) but would rather hazard his Life, than advise the King to surrender Calais, and would not more willingly sacrifice his whole Estate, than once give his consent thereunto.  
This was spoken like a true Frenchman, and their Neigebours should resent such daring Expressions as renderly as they themselves do, if there be any thing of credig in what S'aavedre reports, That the Prince's Acquists enhance his Dread and Reverence, but what he foregoes redounds to his contempt and scorn.  
Francis I. would never engage himself with Charles V against England, fearing lest in the Conquest of this Kingdom it should happen to him as it did in the Conquest of Naples, between Ferdinand of Arragon and Lowis XII. The Emperor being unable to brook an Equal, and himself a Superior. Besides, Prancis should have drawn upon himself a more potens Enemy, than him of whom he was rid: the Leopards of England being no less terrible than the Eagles of the Empire, or the Lions of Castille. Yea the Spaniards stiffly seconded the English in their demands of Calais, confessing, That they ought not to abandon them, and that if they were not protected, they very well knew Spain would be next ruined; so that their own Losses would be greatest. This is written by the Cardinal of Lorraine.  
Spain then reasoned solidly and judiciously. In prospect of this, Henry VIII. coined Medals of Gold, on whose Reverse a Hand appeared out of a Cloud, holding a Pair of Balances in aequilibrio; the two Sodles whereof signified France and Spain, with this Motto, He wins on whose side I turn.  
Queen Elizabeth governed herself by the same Maxim, and assisted Henry iv so long as he was weakest, but seasonably forbore when once she saw him start up beyond his just and proper bounds; and at that time told Sully, That neither France nor England, nor any others, had any thing to do with the Low Countries; and that she would never endure the French King should gain so much as one inch of ground there.  
And when as Pope Clement VIII. told Cardinal Ossat, that England hated France implacably; he replied, At this time England hates Spain more; and that they ought now to regard the present state of Affairs, which had united both French and English against a common Enemy by one common Interest, which was evermore the strongest and securest band among all States and Princes.  
This Reason which once served the turn of France, shall at another opportunity do Spain a kindness; Because Kingdoms are not to be reputed strong or weak as they be in themselves, but as they hold comparison with their Neighbours, and from proportion wherewith they are adjusted one unto another.  
Du Plessis sent this Message to Walsingham in England, not to abandon Henry IV nor the Germane Protestants. Let's see whether we may not use those self same words to evince the true Interest of England. Charles' I. was convinced of it, and Charles II. hath been also, and will be possibly yet more, when like a great and deep Statesman he shall be pleased to penetrate into the future. And it is not to be doubted, by the way he gins to take, and by what he had done formerly in Person at the Head of his Army, that he will not suffer himself to be overreached by false Reasonings, nor give his Slanderers occasion to say of him as of his Grandfather King James, That he knew not how, nor ever cared to manage businesses, nor would once put his hands to dispatch them, till such time as both means and opportunities had quite forsaken him.  
I don't doubt but that Charles, our gracious King who now reigneth, will recollect what happened, how, and by whom, unto his Father; and what manner of Treatment he met withal in France, even with no less than Banishment. And for all possible Allurements from the French, he may be fully confident of receiving the same measure from them again, if the same occasion were, which God forbidden; or if he quit Spain with his own true Interest, and that of his Kingdom, which subsists by Commerce, to embrace the Humours and Private Interest of half-sighted and corrupt Ministers. France debitting none other Commodities than her Brandies and Apish Gewgaws, in lieu of those substantial Merchandizes England hath of her own, and importeth for all Quarters of the habitable World. And when Realities are forsaken, and Deceits and Cheats taken, immoderate and restless Spirits do ordinarily take hold of such sensible Arguments, to alienate and embitter the Hearts of the People; which though frequently too too querimonious, yet gracious Princes without humouring them in all their childish Cravings, will nevertheless comply with all that shall be manifestly for their solid Good.  
It were a pleasant story to relate the Civilities of France to Edward IU. who being at a pinch, and driven out of his Kingdom by a Competitoy, and applying himself to one of their Kings for Assistance, could get none other Answer than this, That the League was made with the King of England and his State; but he being no longer King of England, France could not without violating the Articles of that League employ their Arms against him, who was then actually possessed of the Crown.  
They discharged themselves of him very handsomely, and 'twas a sine piece of Raillery. God forbidden we should be misinterpreted to give these as saucy Omens, that which we give as plain and sincere Items, not to rely upon the French Amity, which will prove a broken reed in case of need, as former and later Examples convince us. Yet this Fear is groundless in our days (thanks be to God) for Charles is a Prince so August, of so much Justice, and withal so well acquainted with the World as to that point, that he will not neglect the Glory redounding to him from those Victories he may achieve with a wet Finger, by treading in the Footsteps of his renowned Ancestors. Above all it's then most needful to use such means, when as a Sovereign Prince is grown so puissant by his Arms, that the progress of his Victories do make him terrible to his Neighbours. The Duke of Rouen gives the same Advice in his Interest of Princes.  
Thus I have endeavoured to lay open Monsieur and his Policies, if our Eyes will be but open to see 'em. And though we have proposed such ways and measures of attacking the French in part of their own Dominions, which may not be deemed to be at this Juncture so practicable, as if we should rather go about to weaken 'em by helping their Enemies and our Allies; yet that is an Exeoutive part, and fit for other persons to direct and prescribe. Our Design here being only to make such an Answer as we thought the fittest to browbeat that domineering Nation; we judged that the aptest and shortest way to refute their Contumelies and shallow Pretensions on England, was plainly to raise a Counter-battery of other Pretensions on France, which are more grounded; to speak to them like Britain's, or old Englishmen, to borrow some strong Arguments ad hominem from both the Edward's Quiver, to manifest that we are not so weak as to stand a scanning it with 'em Scholarlike with a weak Pen; but rather Manlike to show, that we are more ready to make an Answer with our Swords, and with the point of it to prick this Bladder of Ambition, which so vainly puffs 'em up in conceit above their Neighbours, whom they so presumptuously despise, slander, and would trample under; as if they forgot that the English are the same when e'er put to it, that they felt 'em to be at Poitiers, at Guyenne, and many other places in France, in the days of old.  
But if they or any of them in England will take offence at any thing that's said here, we say 'tis but a Retaliation to their Writers. If they say, that their Writers spoke but their private sense, then let this pass for such another piece. For I protest no public or private person ever moved me to it, but the mere disinterested Affection I bear to my Country; and I am so far from having any particular grudge against the French on any account, (such as the Common People usually have they know not why) that I declare they have been far more just and grateful to me than England itself. But let that pass; and if the French will or must own, that the French Politician, and these other Defamatory Memoirs, came from the Closet of public persons, and were spirited and are followed by such in their present courses; we Englishmen do likewise for our parts (whatever has been here said by way of Argument; and to show Frenchmen that we want neither Eyes, Feeling, nor Courage) submissively and wholly leave it to our Sovereign and his Counsellors, to return a more fit and public Answer to France in this point in their own due time.  
For we are not unsensible; that those that sit in eminent places have a larger and clearer prospect of things than others; so that the word of Command and Motion is to be always expected from them as from the head: but sometimes persons that stand on a far lower ground may have a more particular knowledge of some Gaps and Precipices which are just within their own reach and precinet. And even a Courier or Scout may without reslexion to his Generals, make a report touching the matters of fact he has observed in his course on the borders of the Enemy, and also what he thinks of their next Motions, by what he hath heard or seen among themselves.   
FINIS.   

☞ The Jesuit 's Catchism, according to St. Ignatius Loyola, for the instructing and strengthening of all those which are weak in that Faith; wherein the impiety of their Principles, perniciousness of their Doctrines, and iniquity of their Practices are declared. Printed for Robert Harford, at the Angel in Cornhill near the Royal Exchange, in Quarto. Price 1 s.  
☞ Humane Prudence, Or the Art by which a Man may raise Himself and Fortune to Grandeur. By A. B. Sold by Robert Harford, at the Angel in Cornhill. price 1 s.