Johannes Godartius OF INFECTS.  
Done into English, and Methodised, with the Addition of Notes.  
The Figures Etched upon Copper, by Mr. F. Pl.  
YORK. Printed by john White, for M. L. 1682.   

To the Reader.  
I Am not satisfied, that ever Goedartius intended to publish these Papers: or that He aimed at any thing more, then to please and gratify his Fancy, and the excellent skill he had in Limning. And this appears from the almost total neglect of descriptions, which he had sufficient opportunity, to have well performed; and the many references to the Colours in his Designs, which Calcography, or Printing could not represent; besides the tumultuous order, we have them first published in, after his Death: above all, the little advancement he seems to have made, in his Skill, in the nature of Infects, after 40. Years (as he says himself) daily conversing with them: so that he seems rather, to have diverted with them, then to have given himself the trouble of well understanding them.  
And yet after all this, you will find him every where very just, and true in his Observations: but in many places very short, and hardly Intelligible.  
Again, as he most industreously fed them, and observed their Changes; so he committed little or nothing to Writing or Design, but what succeeded with him, and (as he understood it) had its right Change: Which is more, than any man ever did before him; So that we need not admire, that so long, and pertinatious an Industry produced so few Histories: For he Designed not all, that came to hand, but such only, as it was his good fortune to Feed, and bring up to Change.  
And yet in these few Histories, you will have something of all the several Genus' of Infects, that are in Nature.  
He left his Papers in Dutch, which were at several times, and that by divers hands, put forth in Latin: His Latin Interpreters have added Comments, indeed; but were Men wholly ignorant in Natural History; and their Comments are mere Rhapsodies, and altogether impertinent to the Explication of any one History of Godartius: As he, who shall attentively consider them, will plainly find: wherefore in this our Translation; I have omitted them, and have Printed the Author's words only, and have here and there used the freedom of animadverting, upon what is not agreeable to my own experience in these matters: besides I have Methodised the Histories, according to the Several natures of the Infects they treat about; and; (where I could understand him) I have explained many things, that might be doubted of: And those who enjoy a suitable leisure may hereby be put in a ready way, to pursue the History of these long neglected Animals.  
Also I have taken great care of the Designs, in transferring them upon Copper Plates; which I dare promise are Exquisitely performed, by the best of our English Artists: which was my expense; and which the Booksellers were not willing to Reimburse me; so that this Impression consists but of a 150. Coppies, which were intended only for the curious. And upon this occasion I must needs say, that Natural History is much injured, through the little encouragement, which is given to the Artist, whose Noble performances can never be enough rewarded; being not only necessary, but the very beauty, and life of this kind of learning.  
If the Reader shall yet desire to be informed, why the Comments go no farther, than the greater part of the work only; let him know, that the Translation lay by me unfinished, and in the first draught for above Seven Years, and had so done long enough, had not my very good Friend Mr. T. K. of Cowkreig, very Obligingly undertaken to Transcribe and perfect it. So that the humour of Commenting being past me, and the notions I once had of these things, being less fresh in my memory, I had little leisure to instruct myself again, but suffered it to go in that particular, as he found it.  
M. L.   

Section I.  
Of Butterflies, sitting with erect Wings: all whose Chrysolis are Angular: of which there are VIII. Species.  

Number. 1. 
Godar●. Part 1. Tab. 1.   
THE Catterpillar, N. 1. is prickle Haired; it hath its birth from an Egg, which the Butterfly (N. 1.) having eyes in its Wings, like those in Peacock's ●eathers, doth lie upon Nettles.  
This Cattarpiller I took up the 14 day of May, 1635. And I fed it with the Leaves of Nettles, until the 11. of june, of the same Year. Then it composed itself for change, with its head hanging downwards, as you may see in the Table. It remained in this form 19 days. When a most elegant Butterfly came forth.  
At the first coming forth of the Butterfly, its wings were like wet Paper; Off of which fell certain watery drops: But that, which did seem to me worthy Observation, they became in half an hour dry, expanded, and fit for flight.  
This Butterfly feeds on sweet things, as Sugar, and the Honey of flowers: Also it is mainly delighted in rotten fruits, for which they fight among themselves.  
In winter time they hide themselves within the Chimneys of poor Cottages, from whence I have forced them with a good blazing fire.  
Also they are found lying hid in hollow Trees.  
It is well Observed by our Author that this Catterpillar, hath its beginning from the Egg of such a Butterfly; and so probably have all Caterpillars whatsoever their beginning from the Eggs of their respective Butterflies. The Butterfly is the Mother Insect in perfection, and the Catterpillar, its Aurelia, or Chrysalis are but certain Disguises for a time, wherewith one and thesame Animal is by nature invested for divers ends. viz, that of the Catterpillar to eat such and such food; This of the Aurelia to perfect and ●arden its limbs.   

Number. 2. 
Goda●. Part 1. Tab. 12.   
Although our Fingers suffer and are stung by Nettles, yet the Catterpillar marked N. 2. delights to feed on them: Neither doth it make ready for the change, or obstaine from food, whilst this Plant flourishes.  
It began to change the 23. of june, and the 9th. of july came forth the Butterfly marked with beautiful colours, Figured in N. 2.  
These Butterflies are to be found all Winter in Stables, where Beasts stand.  
These Caterpillars are exceeding Voratious.  
Here is w●nting the Figure of the Chrysolis. We have noted in the foregoing Number, the use of the disguises of Butterflies: and I shall here Observe, that caterpillars feed of course and ●arsh food, such as the substance of the leaves of Plants; whereas the Butterflies feed of the Honey of Flowers, and liquid meats. This is contrary to what is natural in sangvincons and more perfect Animals; who in the Embryo feed of a Prepared Chyle, but after birth have a yet more courser food to nourish them: And yet more course as they grow older, and to maturity.   

Number. 3. 
G. P. 1. Tab. 77.   
The nourishment of the Catterpillar N. 3. are the leaves of the Elm.  
When the time of the change grows near, they betake themselves to Houses, and fix their hinder parts to a wall, hanging down with their heads, that they may more easily come forth of their shell or Chrysalis, when the time of change is completed.  
Before the Catterpillar changes its shape for that of a Chrysalis, and puts off its old skin, it seems to be very much ●troubled, turneth, shaking, and tossing its body every way, and trembling as if it had an Ague. At length rising, and falling often with his body it conducts its body into a circle, upon which it swells so, that the skin cracks all the length, and so by little and little it falls off, a new skin growing underneath. And at that time they rest a while.  
This is very notable in these Caterpillars, that where the back of the Catterpillar was, there are the belly and feet of that Animal it's changed into; and the contra●y, where the belly and feet of the Catterpillar were, there now the back of that Animal is, which was produced by the change of the Catterpillar. And this change is produced in a very short time; so that it may distinctly be ●een and observed: For as soon as the old skin is laid aside, this Transfiguration manifestly appears.  
The Catterpillar of Number 3. Began to change the 21st. of june and the 30th. day of the same Month it was changed into a very fair Butterfly, which I have also exactly delineated Number, 2.  
Immediately after the change, its wings were like mois● Paper, but in half a quarter of an hour they dried, were expended and made fit for Flight.  
Afterwards the Butterfly let fall from his Tail four drops of blood; and after half an hour one drop of clear liquor, like Fountain Water.  
It lived a Butterfly 19 days without food.  
Another Caterpillar of the same Species composed itself for Change the 13th of july, and that change being come to perfection▪ there broke out of the Back, (of the Catterpillar) 82 Flies, as in Number 3. So that out of one and the same Species of Caterpillars, a Butterfly is produced, and 82 Flies.  
Note, That I believe the Author was mistaken in his Observation of the Back of the Catterpillar being the Belly of Butterfly, and the Chrisolis might well enough I conceive turn its body within a dry, and loose skin, in the act of throughing it off, and cause this mistake; especially, when it was so much troubled and concerned in the cracking of it, as is noted by our Author.  
2. Concerning the Caterpillars fixing his Body to a Wall, it is to be Noted, that this is done by a single thread cross the middle, thus, (for I have more than once actually seen it in doing) This is done, before it appears in the disguise of an angular Chrysolis. The Catterpillar doubles its head backwards, and touching the place, where it would suspend itself, it fixes a thread on both sides its body, drawing it a cross, and then redu●●ing its head and laying itself in a pendulous posture, it tosses itself and cracks the skin of the Catterpillar, which flying off, it appears a Chrysolis, hanging as is described.  
3. I have myself often Observed that Red liquor fall from the Butterfly Number, 2. And also an equivalent one, though not Red, from many flies hatching from Chrysalises: and ●tis by the meanus of this liquor, they swell their Bodies and crack their Shells of their respective Chrysalises. A sprinkling also of this liquor makes their wings so moist, when they first come forth. See in the Life of Peireskius of the Reining of Blood, referred hither.  
4. the 82 Flies here mentioned were the brood of the I●hneumon Fly, conve●ed into the body of the Catterpillar. I confess I am not yet acquainted with the manner of the conveying them; but I am persuaded that it is done by the Ichneumon parent. This I can affirm, that these bold Animals do frequently lay their Young in the very Egg-cake of Spiders. Again I have se●n them perforating the excrescencies of trees with a tongue from their mouth, as with a winble; without doubt either to destroy and feed on the Maggot within the excrescence; or else to impregnat them with their own kind● More I have spoken to this matter in one of the monthly Transactions of Mr. Oldenbourgh: However these Flies most certainly are a By-birth only, It is farther remarkable in this Number, that these 82 Flies did break forth of the Chrysalis, which also is unusual.   

Number 4. 
G. P. 1. Tab. 2●.   
Some times I have observed the Changes of Infects to be made into mo●e beautiful Animals; then I expected; as in the Catterpillar N. 4.  
I fed him with Elm leaves, in which he delighted. He hath a very deformed and ugly head, whereas in in most other Caterpillars the head shineth like a Looking Glass.  
He purgeth himself and beginneth to change into the form N. 4. The 7th. of june, and the 20th. of the same Month came ●orth a most beautiful Butterfly, marked with most elegant colours.  
These Butterflies continue alive all Winter, unless other little Animals devour them, or Spiders strangle them in their webs.  
Our Author hath diligently observed all along, that Caterpillars exactly Purge themselves of all their excrements before they change, and are in the disguise of Chrysalises. We have said that the use of the disguise of a Catterpillar is, to eat a different ●ood, and that which the Butterfly cannot eat: And therefore it is but reasonable, that the Caterpillar should quite and clean empty itself of all the old food, when it is about to become a new feeder. I am moreover conceited, that the change of a Catterpillar is not superficial only, but goes deeper yet, and that the intestines are in some sort changed also, as well as the Organs of the mouth. The inside of the Guts being indeed an outside too in all Animals.   

Number. 5. 
G. P. 2. Tab. 29.   
I gave this Catterpillar N. 5. Many plants to eat but he refused them all: At length it came into my mind, that he might be delighted with Nettles, which when I had brought to him, he to my great admiration rubbed his Head against them, and showed signs of gladness, and eat them greedily.  
After he had been fed some time with Nettles, he composed himself for change October, 3. In the form expressed N. 3. Under a Glass, to which he fixed himself with his Head downwards.  
If you touched the Chrysalys, it moved itself so strongly as made the Glass ring like a Bell.  
Out of this change came the 1st of December, a very fair Butterfly, Peacock-like Eyed.  
The Butterfly lived 40 Days without food, and died, for I knew not what to feed him with.  
This Caterpillar says our Author ', refused to eat of many sorts of plants offered him, and would feed of none but Nettles: I add, and he would have undoubtedly starved first: This is not an effect of the different make of the Organ of their mouths, (as above said betwixt the feeding of a Catterpillar and a Butterfly) but verily the delicatenss of the Palate and taste: which perhaps might be improved to good ●●●pose in discovering the virtue of Plants.  
I am persuaded there is no better way to know what kind of wood is best, for Sheathing of Ships, than to essay certain polished pieces thereof like Tallies tied to a Bu●y In the waters and streams much infested by the worm. For that sort of wood, which they shall refuse, is in all reason to be chosen for the use desired. And the Indies are stored with greater variety of Timber, than Europe, so that it would be very probable there may be some found, which that kind of River worm will absolutely refuse to Eat.   

Number. 6. 
G. P. 3. Tab. 4.   
The Catterpillar marked N. 6. Leads a peaceful Life: But is exceeding fearful, it is moreover hairy, and very sensible,  
It feeds on the leaves of Carduns Benidictus the softer part of which leaves they greedily eat; but the more sticky and hard nerves they do not touch.  
About evening they make themselves Webs in which they de●end themselves against the cold of the night. They are of a Black colour, and have sharp pricles mixed with yellow.  
This Catterpillar began to change the 19th. of july 1665. The change was of a pretty Figure, and as it were Gild.  
Out of the Chrysalis came the 7th. of August, a most elegant Butterfly and marked with divers covolrs. It lived with out Food, until the 11th. of the same month.  
The middle state or disguise of a Butterfly is called by the Greeks Chrysalis, or a thing g●ilt, ●as the word importeth: The Latin hath left us no name, that I know off: we have Translated it Aurelia. The Latins however call the Catterpillar Eruca: which is a word (as I guess from a place in Vitruvius) which signifies in the old Tuscan Language Viride aeris, and thence borrowed to signify a Catterpillar; for some Caterpillars there are, which I have seen in Languedoc feeding on a certain Common Tithymal, very notably painted with a sea green colour, or Blue. So that as the guilding of some few Chrysalises, gave a denomination to all; in like manner the Blue Colour of some one Catterpillar gave the Name to all the rest. As for the Guilding itself, I take it to be nothing else, but the S●um of an evaporated juice between the Skin of the Catterpillar, and the shell of the Chrysalis, which last it covers.   

Number. 7. 
G. P. 1. Tab. 11.   
Few Caterpillars love Cabbage, and yet the Caterpillars which are designed in the 7th. Table: eat white Cabbage, but will not touch the Red Cabbage. Cold and moist weather is a very great enemy to them and soon destroys them, and they wither to nothing, but skin.  
They have a double time of change; if that happen in Summer, it is at an end soon, but if it begin in Autumn, it lasts until the following Summer; I have experienced both changes.  
One of the Caterpillars of the 7th. Table changed the First of july, and the 12●th. of August, the white Butterfly came forth, represented in this Table; Another of the same species, changed the 17th. of December and remained a Chrysalys, till the 15th. of May the Year following; when a Butterfly came forth; the very same with the former.  
But another Year it happened, that I observed in the same Caterpillars a wonderful thing, I took a certain number of these Caterpillars, at the same time: I fed them until they of their own accord left their meat, and betook themselves to rest and for generation: after they had lain still 4 days, and did not move, I saw break forth of the Skins of each Catterpillar, on both sides the Animal 40. in some, 50. in some 52 little Worms, which Worms as soon as borne, made themselves little Nets: (or Bags) of yellow Silk, beginning from the Tail to the Head, and shut themselves up in those N●tts in those Bags they defend themselves from the cold of Winter.  
The Catterpillar (out of whose Skin I said those Worms came) k●it all their little Nets together on a bunch that they might not be scattered, but that they might be turned into Flies in Summer, in one place, and at once. The Catterpillar notwithstanding all these wounds, out of which 40, or 50 Worms did break forth, lived without Food in my Closet from the 24th. of September, until the 28th. of the same Month the 19th. of October the above described Worms turned into so many little Flies, and all of them died within 6 Days.  
Another Catterpillar of the same Species after its Change, and that it had lain in it 14 Days, 2 Worms broke out of the forehead of it, and those two Worms, in my sight in the space of an hour and a half, were changed into Eggs of an Amber colour: and 13 Days after that, out of each Egg came a middle sised Fly.  
These things I have had the experience of, and have Observed them, not without admiration, because it seems besides, if not against the usual course of Nature, that from one and the same Species of Animals, an Offspring of different Species should be gendered, and that one and the same Animal should procreate after divers manners, which thing yet is made manifest in these Caterpillars, as I have in few Words declared.  
●A double time of Chang●] The reason may be, for that those Caterpillars, as is Observed by our Author, are very tender; so that they which Change not, till the cold Wether come on, continue in the middle state or disguise, till the Spring following: otherwise should they then change into Butterflies and lay their Eggs, the Brood would perish with the Cold: Others there are to my knowledge, that are constantly hatched Caterpillars the l●tter end of Summer, and not having time and Food to bring them up to a full growth, in order to their change, do club for a web amongst themselves, and continue a very small 〈◊〉 all winter, and when the leaves begin to break forth, they again come forth, feed a new, grow great ones, and Change: as the common Hedge Catterpillar, etc.  
2. The numerous Raze are Ichneumon's. the two others are a sort of Flesh-fly: Both these I say are By-births, and not at all generated by the Catterpillar, but by their respective Parents: the Catterpillar which bo●e them, serving only as ●ood to them, not a Mother. It's to be Observed that the Fleshflies, did feed upon the very substance of the Catterpillar, or Chrysalis, as they would upon Carrion. That the Ichnenmo●s did not destroy the Mother, and love not corrupt meat, possibly the very food of the Catterpillar digested by her, was their nourishment and not her bowels, who many days survived the straying eruption of that brood; I have opened many Caterpillars of that very Species, in which I have found of these worms, but how and when they are conveyed into their Bodies, I do not yet understand.  
3. That is very curious and particular, if there be no mistake in the thing, that our Author says: The Catterpillar herself knit all the little Nets into one bunch, as though she acknowledged this Brood to be her own: and yet this is no proof they are so; For we see in Birds, the like instance, the little Bird called the Hedge Sparrow will carefully and most affectionately, bring up, as well as Hatch, the young Cuckoo.   

Number. 8. 
●od●rt. Part 1. Tab. ●7.   
When Savoy Cabbages and Colliflou'rs begin to knit, often are seen about them certain Butterflies which lay their Eggs upon those Plants, which Eggs by the heat of the Sun, are Attracted and set in an upright Posture, and at length Caterpillars break forth of those Eggs and devower the Plants.  
These Caterpillars easily endure the heat of the Sun, but not at all lasting Rains, which soon maketh them ●abid and nothing but Skin.  
The Catterpillar of this 8th. Table, purged itself and changed the 3d. of August, and the 17th. of the same Month came forth the Butterfly here represented; This Butterfly is but slow and not nimble, though it be sometimes found to live over the winter and longer.  
I have verily Observed the Butterfly in the very act of laying her Eggs upon a cabbidg leaf; which is thus done, the Butterfly sits upon the edge of the lea●e, and bending her tail under the leafe-she fixes (by touching the leaf with the point of her tail) one Egg, and then an other, and so a 3d. until she hath laid as many as she list ● But all these Eggs are in that moment fixed with the small end upwards, and not laid sidewayes, and afterward turned upwards, by the heat of the Sun, as our Author seems to say.    

Section II.  
Of Butterflies sitting with ●lat Wings, whose Caterpillars want the middle Legs, and from there manner of going in Loops, are by some called Geometrae.  

Number. 9 
G. P. 1. Tab. 31.   
The Catterpillar of the 9th. Table comes of Seed or Eggs, hard to be found out or met with, I at length with much diligence Observed them, laid upon certain leaves, and covered with hair and down, Animal like, and so are preserved safe from cold, opening those leaves I found a Green seed, or Eggs.  
These Caterpillars feed on Goose●ury-l●aves, also of Red and White Curran-berries.  
They are wont to change about the end of june as the 22. The change is elegant, whose Figure you have in this Table. It remained in the change to the 13 of july, on which day came forth a small white Butterfly with black spots.  
If you take the Mo●th in your hands, or suffer it to fall, it seems dead a while and moves not,  
Here is a great mistake in this History, of Caterpillars laying of Eggs, and therefore I have amended it in the very Text, beliving it an escape of the Latin Translation.  
This Catterpillar feeds not only upon the leaves, but on the very green Fruit of the Apricock, as I have Observed.  
It was from the change of one of these Caterpillars that I imagined I had a small green Beetle, but more of this in another place.   

Number. 10. 
G. P. 2. Tab. 34.   
The Catterpillar of the 10th. Table: was put into my hands by a couple of friends, the 14th. day of October, with entreaty that I would observe its way of living and change, I undertook to do what lay in my power, I knew not what it fed on, and therefore I took much pains to find it out, to that end I put before it leaves of divers Herbs and other things, which I knew Caterpillars to feed off, but it would not so much as taste of any of them. Then from its colour, which was not much unlike theleave● of Elder, I began to suspect, that those leaves might not be ungrateful to it, being by experience taught, that some Caterpillars, are coloured some what like the Herbs and leaves they are nourished with: I gave it Elder leaves to eat, it devowred those willingly as I thought, but yet once a day only.  
At evening after Sunset, when it began to be dark, it eat hal●e an hour together, when it once fell on, and being full it stretched itself right out, and in that posture it looked like a stick out of a Faggot, for I cou●d see no legs at first look, and yet was not without them, wherefore I have drawn the feet of the forepart of the Body, in that part also was a rising bunch; by the half of which it so fastened itself, ●ucking continually like a Leech, that it could ●●arce be plucked away, and would rather suffer itself to the plucked in pieces, then be separated from what it stuck to.  
Also the binder part of his body was very tenatious: it represents a G●lpsmiths Forciples, with the which he is wont to take a Crucible out of the fire, he shutting his hinder, feet as those forciples are to be shut, and in that posture if you shake him, and tumble him never so much, he will rest and not move, like a dead thing; sometimes a whole day together, but when he crept forward, he took long strides, stretching out himself at full length right forwards, drawing up the binder part of his body to his ●ore part, like a Loop, or the Buckle of a Belt, and thus he walked.  
The 25th of th. October, he put off a Skin, as many other Caterpillars use to do, when they are about to change, and hung with his head downwards, from fix a Clock in the morning, until eight at night, at which time he was always wont to creep abroad, he eat at nights and slept in the day time.  
Now when the Elder leaves were fallen, and being dry, had lost their former taste and virtue, he refused to eat any more, the 19th a● November. he fasted all Winter, doing nothing else but shifting his place every Night; one Night hanging with his head downwards, and another with it upwards, always his body at its full stretch and length, and thus he passed the time away. All the time I had him by me I could never perceive any sign●s of life in him ●'th day time, except that Day when he was put into my Hands, and those small Signs that were, I Observed by the benefit of a Light.  
The 20th. of March, the Year following, I set before him the Buds of Elder, if now perchance he had a mind to eat, after so long lasting, but he would not taste them. The second of May, I gave him the full grown leaves of Elder and at length I found him eating of them.  
But so it was, that 3 Days before he fell to eating again, he had drawn a Thread along the ●and, which I laid for him, out of the Saliva of his mouth, and that thread was a long one, and much small Sand stuck to it, like so many threded Beads, by the help of his For●eet he drew this thread to his mouth again, and swallowed the sand, as I guessed to change his sick stomach, as certain Eels swallow Prickley small Fish for their stomaches ●ake.  
And that also was worth the noting in him, that he was grown a third part biggar in thickness and length, since he eat, than he was, when I first had him, that he also roled his body in the Sand, and tued him there, as oft as he eat.  
The 16th. of May, he fastened the hinder parts of his body to the Glass, which I kept him in, his head hanging downwards, and he clothed himself with leaves, and a Web woven by him round about his body, in the form of a little Bag or Net: into which Bag, (changing) he put off his Skinn, and let go his hold from the Glass, to which, with his hinder part of his body he held fast, ●he let himself fall with his whole body, and in this posture he betook himself to change.  
The day after he had that form, which is expressed in that Table: the 24th. of june, came ●orth an unusual and wonderful Butterfly, of a Yellow Colour, golden haired, which (very much shaking its Body) died the 5th. of july.  
It was well our Author lighted upon the leaves that these Caterpillars would feed on: though that was done by imagination, more than real resemblance.  
It seems reasonable to me, that he who would effectually prevent the Worm eating of Ships, should well understand the History of what Insect it is, that infests them; and particularly the manner of its feeding. Worms, most certainly have Peculiar palates, as well, as the more perfect Animals, and will rather die, than eat such and such an Herb, or Wood: so that the Wood that by experience, they shall be found, to refuse to eat: that is the Wood▪ which is the proper material to Sheath, or Plank Ships with. And this being so grand a Desideratum, it would be worth trying all the numerous varieties ●f Timber Trees which Europe, or the Indies afford, which might be easily done by Tallies of them fastened to a Buoy, in the most dangerous Rivers, or Bays, as I have noted above.   

Number. 11. 
God. P. 2. Tab. 43.   
The Catterpillar of the 11th. Tables eats Pair tree-leaves, but is most delighted with Rose-tree leaves, they are not very greedy, and eating by intervals they lie quiet, and sometimes extend themselves, having fast hold of the lea●e, with the hinder part of their body. Being full, they rest in the form you see expressed in the Table: They care not much to change their place, and go not from lea●e to lea●e, as is the way of many Caterpillars, they willingly leave not the lea●e or twig, before they have devowred all: They are elegantly coloured, the upper part of their body being dark, the under yellowish, but not so fair after meat, as before; because they are of a very thin skin, and the Green food, they take, is seen through, and doth obscure the various colours, which addorne them.  
Be●ore they betake themselves to Change, the upper part of their body often turns reddish.  
This Catterpillar ●ed by me some time, began its change the 19th. of june, in that very Form, which you see him expressed in. The 27th. of November came ●orth a less beautiful Butterfly, marked with many black spots in the Back, like a Marbled Book, as the Fashion now is; This lived a hungry life for 4 Days, I not knowing what to ●eed it with.  
I had another of these Caterpillars; out of the hinder part of whose Body, before he betook himself to change, 2 little worms crawled forth the 18th. of May, of a dusky colour; within 2 Hours they took the ●orme of Eggs, coloured like the Mother Catterpillar. The 9th. of june, the same Year, came ●orth of these Eggs, two Flies, which within two Days, shaking and trembling, died and about that time also died the Catterpillar itself. After that the Catterpillar had spawned those worms she dwinled away, pined, and never eat more.  
The●e a Worms, I say, were the disguises of certain Ichnenmones, and not Fleshflies, for the very reason, that the Catterpillar survived their eruption, Flies feeding on Carrion or P●trified bodies.   

Number. 12. 
G. P. I. Tab. 35.   
The Catterpillar, of the 12th Table feeds on the leaves of the Black-curran-bush, it is of another shape then the ordinary Catterpillar, which are wont to have feet in the middle of their Bodies ● but this has them at the extremities, and are very strong with them, when they change place, and creep from bough to bough, they firmly lay hold of the bough with their feet, and lift up their body like a Snake, a●d so try for another place to remove to, they hold so fast by their feet, that you can scarce pluck them from the thing, they adhear to.  
This Catterpillar changed (having first exactly purged its Body) the first of April, and the 24th. of july, came forth the Butterfly, expressed in the 1●●th. Table: tender, and a short lived Animal.   

Number. 13. 
G. P. 3. Tab. ●●. ●●.   
This green Catterpillar, of the 13th Table, eats the Leaves of the Elder-Tree. When its full, it extends its Body forcibly the whole length, and in that posture rests until the next day. As it creeps, it joins its hinder parts to its foreparts, like a Loop, and then extendsit ●el●e forwards, and then gathers itself up again, and so on to its journey's end.  
It changed the 6th. of October, 1663. And the first of May, the Year following, 1664. It appeared in the shape of a most beautiful Butterfly expressed in the 13th Table, I chose the most Elegant of them to design that by, because there is some difference in such, as are bread of this Catterpillar. This Butterfly was very nimble, and of a swift flight.   

Number. 14. 
G. P. 2. Tab. 21.   
The Catterpillar of the 14th. Table, expressed to the life, are great Lovers of green Garden Lettuce, but will not (like many other Caterpillars) touch the Plant withered.  
This Catterpillar began its change the 8th. of june, in the Form expressed.  
About the beginning of August, came forth a Butterfly, hoary colour, having a long Sting in his forehead, or an extended Ray, which lived but one day fasting, I knew not what to seed him with.  
But I have Observed this kind of Butterfly to fly about Flowers, dipping that long Sting, or Tongue into the flowers, and so to suck out the Honey, or sweet juice, not settling or lighting upon the Flower, but doing of it as they fly; for if they settled, their Legs were two short to suffer them to use their Tongue; and this I take to be the cause, of their constant taking their nourishment in flight, and not alighting, or settling upon the flower,  
There is a sort of Gnatts, bread in Trees, which in like manner are armed with long Stings, and can use them sitting, because they have long Feet, especially in the hindmost feet, so that he can fasten his Sting where, and how he pleases; but the natural short feet of these Butterflies, hinder their feeding, save when they are upon the Wing.  
This Butterfly is an exceeding swift flyer, he is very frequent in july, in Gardens amongst Gillyflowers and Pinks. I didonce take a small Species, of them exceeding beautiful; in Morgan's Garden in London: I use't to call them the Hawk-Flye, for their exceeding swiftness.  
Our Author, in my opinion has well assigned the reason of their Feeding Flying, to the disproportion betwixt their Legs and Tongue, or Pipe.   

Number. 15. 
G. P. 3. Tab. P.   
The Catterpillar of the 15th. Table, runs swiftly; for every stride is the whole length of his body, going like a pair of Compasses. It is found for the most part about the Thlaspi kind of Plants, which kind of Herbs it greedily devowers: It feeds by Night only, and moves not by day; and although you do disturb and molest it, yet it will keep itself quiet without any manifest motion.  
It changed the 11●th. of August, 1664. And the first of September it appeared again, in the shape of the Buutterfly, expressed in the 7●th. Table, of a rapid flight, which yet it would not be brought to, but by the light of a Candle, or some such Artificial Light.  
In Flying it used a strange motion of its Body, as though it was perpetually circumvolved, with its Head downwards, and in a Circle.  
It Feeds by Night only:] These Animals, as well as others, have a natural in stinct, to preserve themselves, and feed only, when they are most secure, and the Insectivorous Birds at Ro●st.   

Number. 16. 
G. P. 2 Tab. 16.   
The Catterpillar of the 16th. Table, eateth Hyssop, and is ●ound chiefly about that Plant, when in flower, but if you touch the Plant, it falls to the ground, and thus hides itself.  
After I had a long time ●ed this Catterpillar, with Hyssop, it changed the 7th. of August, and when it had been some days in that condition, Three Worms broke out through the skin of it; which in a very short moment were changed into Three Eggs. And out of every one of these Eggs, the 8th. day of September, came forth a Fly, as I have expressed them exactly in the 16●th. Table, the Fly lived not above three days.   

Number. 17. 
G. P. 1. Tab. 71.   
The Catterpillar of the 17th. Table, is all green, like the Curran-tree leaves it feeds on: it Eats those leaves, beginning in the middle, where it greedily feeds, but touches not the outsides of the leaves, when full, they lift themselves up, and then extending themselves they rest; continuing in this posture three Hours, until the meat be digested, than they excerne, what has been put over, and fall too again; they never drink as many other Caterpillars do, that I could observe, therefore must you feed them with fresh leaves constantly, if you would know what they will come to. It purgeth its self from all its excrements (as is the custom of Caterpillars) and began its change, gathering some leaves I had given it, Glewing them together by a Slimy humour, (from its mouth) about its body.  
This (Catterpillar) expressed in the Table, remained without motion, from the 4th of june▪ till the 5th of May, the Year following, that is a 11 Months and a Day: at which time came forth a Fly, with a Black body, all but the upper part of the Tail Yellow. This as soon as it came to Light, rested a while, until the air had dried and hardened it, and then it pruned its Wings and slicked its Body over, and prepared its self for Flight,  
Our Countrypeople call these kinds of Caterpillars, Surveyors (Geometrae) because of their Gate, which is like a Pole turned over and over, as when one measures Land.  
This Fly, is one single prett● large Ichneumon, or Slender Wasp, and therefore this History, as well as the precedent, are imperfect; because these are but By Bir●hs and not the Butterflies, which ought to be expected, and of which these Caterpillars, and their Chrysalis are but the disguises.    

Section. III.  
Of Butterflies sitting with Hanging Wings, and clapped to their Bodies, like the Wings of Birds.  
This 3d. Section of Butterflies is very large and contains the History of a numerous Tribe: I should have had great satisfaction, if I could have taken the Subordinate Genuses, from any differences remarkable in the Butterflies themselves, and not have been forced to order them by certain common Notes Observable in the Disguises of the Caterpillars: But the want of Particular descriptions, which our Author has wholly omitted, has necessiated me to this method; from the bare Figures, little of certainty can be gathered. We indeed Observe the A●tenn●●, of some Butterflies to be small like Wires, others Plumous: Again some to be very full of Feathers upon their Shoulders, others upon their Heads etc. But these differances are neither certain nor common enougn: These of the Catterpillar on the contrary, are more not able, such as their be Horned, Harry, Naked, Great, Little, etc. At present we m●st be content with these, which is most pardonable, than the putting the Caterpillar in one Chapter (as Muset has done) and the Butterflies in another, as though they had little relation to one another.  

Number. 18. 
God. P. ●. Tab. 1.   
The Catterpillar of the 18th. Table, is to be found in Elder Groves, so long as the leaves are tender, and full of juice, but when they begin to be hard and Withered by the heat of the Sun, it leaves them and frequents other places, it seems to be peaceable and Tame, for it resists not, but flies if it be injured.  
It began to Change the 6th. of October, and the 25th. of April, the Year following 1664. It appeared in the shape of a Blue Catterpillar, mixed with a Redish b●own, in the Hinder-parts, of his Body.  
It lived from the 25th. of April, until the 2d. of May, without moving its Body from the place, and so it died.  
But before it died, it laid certain Eggs, of a notable Green colour, which our Peope call Spanish-Green.  
The Eggs of Butterflies, are to be found in their bodies whilst they are in the Disguise of a Chrysalis, and therefore are undoubtedly essential parts o● the Female, as much as her Legs and Wings, and in no wise generated by the Male. As soon as they have thrown off all manner of Disguise, they are ready for Copulation with the Male; but if they chance to be Unmasked alone; and not in the company of a Male, they lay instantly their Eggs without Copulation; though probably such Eggs are not fecund and will not come to hatch.   

Number. 19 
G. P. 3. Tab. L.   
The Catterpillar of the 19th. Table eats the Succulent and fresh gathered leaves of Oziers', these leaves that are white and long. It is a slow goer.  
He changed the 10th. of October, 1663. A●d the first of May, of the Year following 1694. A very great Butterfly came forth. This Butterfly, touched with a Pin, fell down Precivitately, like one dead, and wi●ho●● motion, so that I thought him dead, of which that I might be certain, I stuck him through with a Pin, and yet he showed no fignes of life, b●t by and by he Expanded his Wings and endeavoured to Fly away, but he had not strength, he ●ivid until the 11th. of May, 1664.   

Number. 20. 
G. P. 1. Tab. 65.   
The Catterpillar of the 20th. Table, feeds slowly of the leaves of the Willow, and is slow of gate, it abstained from Meat the 24th. of August, and began to Wove certain Threads, but desisted, and often changed its place, until the 14th. of October, at which time it changed its Green Colour, into a brown one and died. I think that this Catterpillar abideth in hollow Willow Trees, and is turned into a Butterfly in Spring: but guesses are uncertain, and as yet I could make no experiment.  

Again of the same. N. 20. B. 
G. P. 3. Tab. C.   
The Catterpillar expressed in Number 20th. Eats Night and Day of the Whitest leaves of the Willow, and supper over; he withdraws, and hides his Head like a Tortoise within his body, lest the night Aire or Rain should hurt him, after that I had observed him to abstain from his ordinary food, I put him into a Glass half filled with Earth, throwing in some Fragments of Willow leaves, these leaves he forthwith crumbled to dust, and so kneaded them with the Slimy juice of his Body, that he made him a very convenient place for the Change, the House was like Willow-wood, but harder far, so that it could scarce be pierced with a knife, and one would hardly guess a Catterpillar was within it.  
Before the change, in the space of two hours, he lost the beauty of his Colour, and was then of a Liver Colour brownish: As though he was to die.  
He remained in this Change from the 20th. of August, 1663. until the 11th. of April 1664. And then came forth of that most hard Shell, a Butterfly of an Ash Colour diluted, whilst he lived, he scarce moved, and yet run thorough with e Needle, he lived until the 24th. of May.   

Again of the same N. 20th. c. 
G. P. 2. Tab. 37.   
This is a Rare and unusual Catterpillar, he is for the most part to be found on the Sand Hills, which lie along the Coasts of Holland and Zealand, and feeds on the leaves of a kind of Palm (called by our People Duin-Palme,) (perhaps Myrtus Brabanticae,) this Herb was very grateful to him, but I that dwelled fa●r off the Sands, could ha●d●y get it, wherefore I taught him to feed of certain Osiers or Willows, which seemed to be soma thing like the Plant, in Colour; ●and dryness.  
This Catterpillar had two Tails and when he was Vexed, out of each▪ Tail he pu● forth a Red Sting, which he bend and brandished, trembling as though angury▪ and again drew them in, and also he could cunningly draw up his Head, and hide it like Tortoises.  
He changed the 4th. of September, under certain Willow leaves, which he had knit close together by certain Threads of his own Spinning▪ in the former of five little Cells, as you see in it expressed in the Table, which when It u●●ed with a Knife, it felt as hard, as a Stone. In this manner he lay and moved not, or showed any signs of Life in Nine Months, and Fifteen Days, for the 20th. of june, the Year following, out of the five Cells came forth five Flies: which Cells when I had opened I found nothing at all in them, not so much as a Skin, or the Tail or Feet, I wondered all was consumed, I kept these Flies for some time alive, and when I expressed one of them in the Table, I gave them their liberty, not thinking it necessary to Paint the rest.  
These three Tables of our Authors, I have made one, and put the Histories together: because in my judgement they are about one Species of Butterfly.  
(2) We must commend the industry of our Author in this place, because not having succeeded, when he first kept the Catterpillar, he (the next time he lighted upon it) supplied it with Earth and fragments of Leaves, in order to its more convenient change, and it must be observed, that many Caterpillars require a Forrian matter to make a Foliculus of; for the security of the Chrysalis, as Leaves, Earth, etc. Though indeed, others Spinn themselves one, out of their own Bowels; or use their Hair for that purpose.  
(3) The History is complete in the second History▪ where are the two Disguises of the Butterfly itself.  
The 3d. History presents us with a By-birth, but indeed a very Rare and curious one: here we note that these five Cells were the Workman-stip of the five Ichnumon Worms, and very probably they made use ●f the Catterpillar for stuff to make them Foliculi out off: Just as he says in the 2d. History, the Catterpillar crumbled the Fragments of Leaves and Earth, and Kneaded them into a Foliculus, of a strange hardness. He hath not Figured ●hat Foliculus in the 2d. Table, but took the Chrysalis o●t of it, and Painted that alone.  
We now come to treat of, or order all the not Harry and Tuberous Caterpillars, of our Author, and such as have Hooks, and Horns, or Bunches any where about them.    

Number. 21. 
G. P. 3. Tab. E.   
The Catterpillar which you see expressed in the 21th. Table, feeds on Alder leaves; Upon its back stands up two yellow; Hooks, the rest also of his body is eged of a pale Yellow; but before the changed, he put on an obscure Green colour, and the two Hooks fell within his body, so that now he was every where plain and smooth.  
He began to change the 6th. of October, 1663. And appeared in the form of a Butterfly the 27th. of April, the year following, which for the great diversity of colours, I could scarce describe, it was most lively, and flew the nights through almost without ceasing, it lived until the 5th. of May, when it died with extended wings.  
These sorts of Caterpillars, with Hooks on the middle of their bodies, I do not know that I have yet met with, and cannot therefore guess at the use of them, if it be not for defence only, as the Author expresses it in the next Histo. ry.   

Number. 22. 
G. P. 2. Tab. 38.   
This Catterpillar of the 22 d. Table, was found in Flanders at the Groeds, a Village over against Flushing, upon a Willow bough, in that very posture it is expressed in the Table, it feeds of Willow leaves, but eats very sloly, and after eating composeth itself again, in the posture you see it Figured, in the hinder part of its Body represents the Head and Beard of a, Goat, and it doubls or draws back its foreparts, of or to the hinder parts; when you touch it, it strikes at you with Head and Taile, as though it was angry: In the Back it has two Hooks, with which it stoutly defends itself, so that it scares all Creatures, that sees it: when it eats, you would say its head was bound to its body, by a slender thread, not unlike the body of a Spider.  
The Ist. Of September, it rested and began to change, in the form expressed in the Table, and after 22 Days, came forth a Butterfly, distinguished with variety of colours, Elegantly.  
This Butterfly, before its death, laid its Eggs of a Green colour, in divers figures and fashons expressed in the Table, otherwise then the rest of Caterpillars do.  
It lived with me from the 21st. of September, until the 3 d. of October.  
This Butterfly, laid its Eggs in certain broken Links, or Chains, as is expressed in the Table; But I suppose she would have laid them in another manner, if the Male had first made them Proliffick, however I affirm nothing: having observed certain Butterflies Eggs, wrapped and wound in spiral Lines, about a Twig; and moreover the Eggs of Frogs, and of some Fish, are Spawned in Chains.   

Number. 23. 
G. P. 1. Tab. 33.   
The Catterpillar of this 23 d. Table, feeds upon the leaves of the Sallow, it is rare to be met with, and I nevercoued find any, but that one only: it daily required fresh food.  
After that I had fed it a whole Month, the knit certain leaves together like a Net, in which he hid himself.  
And then he changed, as I have expressed it in the Table.   

Number. 24. 
G. P. 3. Tab. O.   
The Green Catterpillar, of the 24th. Table, feeds on Sallow Leaves, until the end of S●mmer. It begins to Eat at break of Day, and eats with great greediness 5. or 6. Hours without ceasing, or other employment: It never voids its excrements, unless when new food drives out the old. It cleaves so fast to the Sallow leaves, that it can scarce be plucked from them; but will suffer itself first to be plucked in pieces. In the hindmost part of its Body it has a sharp Pinn or Sting, and Venomous, which it uses (as soon as it is troubled) to defend itself with, with a swift agitation, and every where; that it may Wound them that hurts it, with the motion of the Sting.  
The Male Caterpillars are Green (as we said) and want those round sports which look like Eves; the Females are not so Beautiful, but of a more Grayish colour.  
Before that these Caterpillars change, they move long and much, and exactly clean themselves of all Excrements: they make themselves no covering (as all other Caterpillars are diligently wont to do) but putting off their Hackle, they are changed into Chrysalis' as is expressed in the Table.  
This change happened the 19th. of September, 1663. and the 5th. of May, the Year following 1664. came forth a lusty Butterfly, which lived till the 14th. of May fasting.  
I could never Observe from these kind of Caterpillars a perfect and complete Butterfly, but with contracted, and as it were scorched Wings, not to be expanded, or fit for flight. They are wont to lay their Eggs before they die.  
(1.) I note particularly the observation of our Author of New food driving out the O●d, which must be either that the intestines are not so very long, and many as in Sanguineous Animals; or this is done upon the account of a New fermentation.  
(2:) Its a curious Note, the distin●ion of the Male, and Fe●●le Caterpillars: this would be certainly known in order to the completing their Histories, for as Malpigius observes, the Eggs are of one colour, when laid after Copplation and of another without it.  
(3ly.) A probable reason why our Author, never could have a complete Butterfly, of this Kind, was, because he did not furnish the Catterpillar, with convenient matter for a Foliculus, and so in some measure starved it.   

Number. 25. 
G. P. 1. Tab. 14.   
The Catterpillar of the 25th. Table, feeds of Sallow leaves, it is armed both before and behind, in the forehead it has a kind of hard Shield, but no Eyes, that I could Observe, and in the hindermost part of the body, it has a Prick or sting, hard and stiff, it is of a Green colour mixed with Blue, I take it to be Venomous: if it be touched, it moves that part of the body, which has the Sting, and does as though it did defend itself with it.  
It cleansed itself, and began to change the First of April, in the form expressed in the Table, in which condition it remained for 55 Days, not obscurely, representing the Face of a Man with a Beard, and in the other parts a Child in Swaddling clothes.  
The 25th. of May, broke forth a Butterfly, figured in the Table.  
This Catterpillar, feeds also of Ligustrum or Primp leaves, and is to be found about Primp hedges, with us in England: It is a most beautiful Creature.   

Number. 26. 
G. P. 3. Tab. Y.   
I v'st to call the Catterpillar of the 26th. Table the Elaphant because of its Snout, it feeds of Vine leaves, when it has done feeding it draws up its Head within its Body, and hides itself like a Tortoise, it's very fearful, for being touched never so lightly, it trembles and is astonished, enough to cause the same affections in the beholders. It can turn its Snout very dexterously every way, and what its lays hold of with it, it's hardly to be got from it, for it hath great strength: It's very quick of hearing, for at the least noise it fears and contracts itself, as I have often tried.  
The time of its change approaching, it abstaines from meat, and seeks a fit place to rest in, and to that purpose I put it some bits of Wood and Vine leaves, of which and the juice of its Body mixed, it made itself a House, and changed in it, the 4th. of September, 1665. And lived in it until the 16th. of April and longer, which thing I observed by mine Eye and Touch, being uncertain what would become of it.  
When I touched it, and put it in the hollow of my Hand, I observed it as cold as Ice, and yet moved most strongly.  
This is most certain (this Animal) did live without food from the 4th. of September, 1665. until the 16th. of April, 1668. To which its coldness and continual rest, did seem to conduce very much, from which and the Tenaciousness of its juice, it would be long in wasting, which thing is also frequently experienced in other Creatures, which rest in winter, and eat not till the Spring or summer.  
This History is imperfect, there being only the Disguises and not the Butterfly: I am apt to believe the Chrysalis died, by being taken out of its Foliculus, and therefore in vain the Author expected to see it hatched, or a Butterfly breakforth.  
As to its coldness; I can witness that in the depth of Winter, and in the very deep Snow, I have found both Caterpillars and Hexapode Worms, lying upon the Snow, and therefore have crawled out upon it. I say these Caterpillars were so hard Frozen that thrown against a Glass, they made a sound like stones; but put under the Glass and set before the Fire, did quickly crawl about, and bestir themselves nimbly to get away.   

Number. 27. 
G. P. 3. Tab. V.   
This History is confessedly imperfect, there being nothing but the Disguises of a Butterfly expressed. I could have wished the Author had taken all along the pains he has here showed, in more carefully describing in words the Painting of the Catterpillar, but he relied upon his excellent pencil too much, for he had e'se leisure and opportwity enough to have done it. This Catterpillar is Cornigerouse, and therefore we put him amongst his like.  
2. As for the determinate Figure of the Excrements of this Catterpillar; if the Author had well observed it, he might have found that particular common to many Species of Caterpillars. I take the cause of it to be▪ the Figure of some parts of the Colon, or Gut wherein these excrements are baked and moulded.   

Number. 28. 
G. P. 3. Tab. Z.   
The Butterfly, of the 28th. Table: was sent from Paris to the Author, for its beauty and vastness, in which it far exceeds all others, to the end upon occasion, he might find out his Origin. It was taken in the King's Garden, and given to Dr. Borellius, the State's Ambassador: Who carefully transmitted it to him.  
In my judgement this Butterfly will be found to have a Disguise, like some of the next precedent: And to have been changed ●rom one of the Cornigerous Caterpillars: but it is improper to talk here of Origin, because it is perfect of itself, and is the Mother of the Catterpillar, which it is changed from.  
We Proceed in the Histories, of the smooth and not Hairy Caterpillars.   

Number. 29. 
G. P. 3. Tab. F.   
The Catterpillar of the 29th. Table, feeds of Collyflowers. One in a corner hid under a Paper was found dead, out of whose Body the 10th. of September, 1663. 12. Worms came forth, which in the space of about four Hours were turned into so many Eggs, the 2d. of july, the Year following 1664● out these 12 Eggs, came 12 Grey Flies [one of them expressed in the Table.]  
Another died the 12th of September, whose relics were changed into a Worm the 17th. of the same Month, which Worm broke forth of the skin of the said Catterpillar, with great strength and force.  
A 3d. Catterpillar of the same Species, changed the 25th. of September▪ 1663. and the 8th. of May, the Year following, it appeared in the form of a Butterfly, of a slow gate, and no pleasant colour, it lived fasting Nine Days.  
Note the First Catterpillar, our Author plainly say●, Died, and the Carcase undoubtedly was Flyblown, so that the 12 Worms were Maggots, of some small Flesh-flies and accordingly they proved, one of them being Figured in the Table.  
Again we believe the same of the Worm, which broke out of the dead Body of the other, but the Author being silent, what became of it, we shall not concern ourselves to guess of what Race it was.   

Number. 30. 
G. P. 1. Tab. 67.   
The Catterpillar of the 30th. Table, feeds o● divers Herbs, amongst the rest, it chiefly delighted in Ground Ivy, but it is delicate and choice in its meat, f●r it will eat none but fresh gathered: it changed its Skin of times, for it seemed so hard, that the Body being notably increased in bulk, it was necessary that the skin should be broken; and another grew under it.  
It's skin being cast, it did not move for one whole day. nor could it feed, because of the tenderness of the new skin which was hardened by the Air.  
It changed the 5th. of August, as is expressed in the Table, and the 26 of the same Month came forth a Butterflys figured in the Table.  
These Butterfly, are wont to fly about chiefly in the night, but are careful to avoid the flame of Fire and Candle which thing happens otherwise to the rest of Butterflies.  
This Butterfly, Lived 6 Days without food.  
Note here our Author gives a good reason of the casting of the skins of Caterpillars, saying that it grew hard and was not ●urther to be extended, so that of necessity the growth of the Animal cracks it: The like I have observed in Spiders: This also holds good in the Horns of Animals, which cast them, as Staggs: Which when they are at their full growth are deprived of all further nourishment, become hard, and are succeeded by others which pullulate; the like is observed in the Hair of Animals, and the leaves of Plants.  
It is no less certain that all the Skins are one under the other, each successively Pullulating, as in the leaves of Plants.   

Number. 31. 
G. P. 3. Tab. 25.   
I have often observed the seed of H●liotropium sh●● upon the ground, to be, preserved all Winter, though never so Cold and to Germinate in the Spring: The Catterpillar, of the 31st. Table, eats this Herb, it lies under ground i'th' Day, and comes not out until the Evening to seek food, I kept this Catterpillar under a Glass, but I experienced that it never moved, or eat any thing ●ave i'th' evening.  
After that it had duly cleansed itself, it began its change the 17th. of August, & remained in that condition, until the 9th. of june, in the Year following, so that it was like a dead thing without food almost 10 Months.  
Afterwards came forth a Butterfly, marked on each Wing, with the Letter O. And Figured in the Table.  
Here we must note, how necessary it is, in order to the completing of Natural History, that our Naturalist should be well skilled in Plants: Viz. The Food of most Infects. Heliotropium, is a Name given to many Plants, as to one Species of Tithemall, also to the great Indian Marigold; again to other Plants, Famous for Dying a Blue Colour, etc. So that the Author has left us in the Dark for the Food of this Insect; for want of a more particular Title of this Plant.   

Number. 32. 
G. P. I. Tab. 42.   
As soon as Mulbury-leaves are spread, the Catterpillar (called Bombyx) of the 32 Table, is Hatched, and feeds on them, although in their Infancy they will Eat Wild cichory and Lettuce, for the Mulbury is late in putting forth its leaves.  
Before that these Caterpillars makes Silk, they cleanse themselves from all Excrements.  
One Hundred and Threescore Caterpillars (160.) are wont to make one Ounce and 80. Grains of Silk.  
The Catterpillar, Figured in the Table, changed the 14th. of September, and the 24th. of the same Month, that is in the space of 10 Days, it broke forth a white Butterfly.  
Before these Butterflies Couple, both Male and Female are exactly purged, and then they are exactly Coupled by the Tails end; after that the Female lays a 160. Eggs which are all Infaecund, and wither to nothing unless the Female couple with the Male.  
Sometimes they do again Couple after Laying, but they Lay no Eggs, for the Butterflies are wont to Die within Fourteen Days.  
See MALPIGIUS DE BOMBYCE.   

Number. 33. 
G. P. 2. Tab. 20.   
The Catterpillar of the 33d. Table, Eats Plumiree leaves it●s a little eater, and sleeps much, you will often find Two of them together at rest with their Heads inward bend to the middle of their Bodies.  
Both of them two companions began to change the 25th. of May, as is expressed in the Table, and from each of them came forth a Butterfly, after 31 Days, that is the 26th. of june, of a Yelloish colour, and which would not fly in the Day time.  
These kind of Butterflies, seem to be weak fighted; they care not for flying, but run swiftly, and they run into some dark corner, not caring for the light.  
They live of Honey gathered out of Flowers, and therefore have a long Tongue to fetch it out of the Bottoms of flowers.  
This Tongue they carefully, when they run, roll up, to preserve it from injuries, they lie in dark places in Winter time.   

Number. 34. 
G. P. 2. Tab. 24.   
The Catterpillar of the 34th. Table, Eats of the leaves of that Wormwood chiefly, which grows upon the Sea banks, I found it sitting upon that Plant, in an Island of Flanders, near Axella, and Neuza, they are their whole Body throughout, exactly of the colour of Sea Worm- wood, they are fierce, and Subtle and strike at whatever touches them, they hold not very fast, they run swiftly where they feed they scatter much Worm wood leaves, and when they are neverso lightly touched (of which they are exceeding impatient, tremble and fear) they cast themselves down also, and hide themselves there, where you can scarce discern them; because they are most exactly coloured like the Plant they feed on: they save their Head by covering of it with the hinder part of their Body: in the Face they are tender (as I have experienced) and soon killed with a small hurt in that part, and therefore are very careful of it.  
Again I do wonder at their so well enduring of cold and wet that you can● carce kill them, and although they seem to be quite stormed, yet they will revive, for I cast some of these Caterpillars into cold water, and kept them 12 Hours in it, than I took them forth stiff with cold and extended, so that I could not discern the least signs of Life or motion in them; but exposing them to the Sun, within half an hour they came to themselves and could not be discerned from their fellows that had not beeu steeped. If you in like manner Drown Fly●s, in Bear or Water, and let them lie in it all Night, and having taken them out, sprinkle them well over with the Powder of Chalk, they will by and by creep away, which seemed Dead, the heat of the Chalk which I look upon as a kind of unquenched Lime, put Life into the Flies, as the heat of the Sun into the Caterpillars, the Sun causing the Vital juice to return into, and pass the benumbed Members.  
Further it is to be observed, that this steeping in cold Water, gain these Caterpillars a good stomach, and made them eat more greedily than their fellows which were not served so, as men seem to have better stomaches in Winter, then in the heat of Summer.  
These Caterpillars, make themselves commodious nests to change in, of Wormwood scattered upon the ground, and shutting up themselves, they change therein.  
This Catterpillar changed the 4th. of September, and lay in that condition (figured in the Table) 10 Months, 18 Days.  
And the 19th. of july, came forth a Butterfly, of a wonderful shape, and accoutrement: it lived not above four Days, for I knew not what to feed it with, that it would Eat.   

Number. 35. 
G. P. 2. Tab. 27.   
The Catterpillar, of 35th. Table, delights to feed of Brambles, and of the Vine, he is slow of motion and gate, and yet will seem displeased if you injure him, and defend himself against violence; I fed this the space of four Months, which time being over, he made himself a little House of fair Paper, the leaves of Balm and spital of his own, to change more safely in.  
He changed the 12th. of September: and remained in that condition Figured in this Table, Eight Months complete no more nor less: for the 12th. of May, the Year following came forth a Butterfly, not unbeautifull, but impatient of Hunger, for I knew not what to Feed it with, and Died within one Day.   

Number. 36. 
G. P. 2. Tab. 28.   
The Catterpillar of the 36th. Table, is not given to any peculiar food, as most other Caterpillars are, but Eats of every Herb you give it, it greedily Eats Rose leaves, Mints, wild Awrache, and many other Herbs; he never stirred i'th' Day time, but as oft as I observed him at night, I found him Eating, and he seldom left any thing of that I gave him: He retired when, he had done Eating● under a Dry leaf, rather than a Green one.  
This Catterpillar when he had spent a whole Day in Creepeing about, he rested under certain leaves; and there changed the 23d. of September, and remained in that condition, Figured in the Table, 9 Months and 4 Days; for the last of june, the year following, came forth a most beautiful Butterfly, painted with divers colours wonderfully.  
There are some of these Caterpillars, twice as big and as long as others, I took a lesser Catterpillar of this sort, and I fed it long, but as the season of the Year de-clined, and leaves grew hard, he could not Eat them, he not withstanding had endeavoured to change, but nothing came of him, and I left my experiment.  
But standing at my Doors, set about with Elms, I saw a great company of Caterpillars upon an Elm bough upon which without doubt their Mothers had laid them.  
These little Caterpillars let themselves down, by certain single Threads out of their mouths, they were all exceeding Green, and Pelluced, I took them and fed them with Elm leaves under a Glass, they all Housed themselves with houses of Sand and spital, against the cold and of winter. In Spring I let them seek their own food.  
I have not all the satisfaction I could wish, in Translating this History, I find it so imperfect and disordered: undoubtedly the Latin Translator is much to blame, I have mended the Text, where it speaks of the great Caterpillars being the Mother of the little ones; than which nothing can be more absurd: again we have here an Aurelia, put for a Butterfly etc. If it were matter of Fact and positively asserted by our Author, as his observation, I should not have alter it, but it's expressed, as a conceit only.   

Number. 37. 
G. P. 2. Tab. 31   
The Caterpillars of the 37th. Table Are rare: I found this in a Sand-hill, the 23d. of june, sitting upon Grass, which grows there (called in Dutch Duin grass) and I took it home with me to try what could become of it.  
The Day after a Little Animal like a Beetle, crept forth of the hinder parts of its body, Figured in Table, 37.  
The Catterpillar after this refused all food, and contracting and winding its body, it changed at length.  
The little Animal lived, but stirred not much, only shaked itself, it changed snake like, and the skin being cast, it was of a Golden colour on the fore part of its Body, and russet the hinder, it had six Feet, and two little Horns, it eat Rose leaves, and the flowers of Elder.  
The Catteryillar, the Mother of this Beetle, changed the First of july, and remained in that condition until the 21st. of the same Month, then● a bea●tifull Butterfly came forth which lived 9 Days fasting.  
The birth of this Beetle, is an odd Phenomenon, I am of the Opinion that here is a great mistake, because the like once happened tome: That I thought to have observed a Beetle borne of a Catterpillar; but I question my own observation. The Catterpillar came to good; and here is the Butterfly perfect. I guess this Beetle might well be by accident, and unobserved brought in, and laid in the same place, where the Catterpillar was kept; and so I formerly thought of my own observation: But I affirm nothing.   

Number. 38. 
G. P. 2. Tab. 32.   
The Catterpillar of the 38th. Table fed of Marigold leaves, or flowers it puts off its skin four times, and in the scarcity of Food they Eat one another; I have indeed Observed other Caterpillars, to Eat one the other, but those do it greedily.  
After I had Fed this 14 Days, and that he had cleansed himself of excrements, he changed the 9th. of August, as is Figured in the Table, and after 18 Days, the 27th. of August, came forth a Butterfly, having six Golden spots upon his Four Wings: The Four lesser Spots were upon each wing one, the 2 bigger Spots on the upper pair of wings only: This Butterfly lived a Hungry Life until the 6th. of September, I not knowing what to give it to eat.  
We observe in this History that Butterflies, when Caterpillars, are unlike themselves, not only in the disguise, but manners two; they then Eat one the other, but are ●eery peaceful, when in a Perfect state, and unmasked, Spiders will Eat Spiders, etc.  
I say again I could have wished the Author had taken the care of discribing to us the Paintings and Colour of the Infects, which he delineated with his Pencil.   

Number. 39 
G. P. 2. Tab. 33.   
The Catterpillar, of the 39th. Table: Hath his Origin from rotten Willow, and is found lying in the Bodies of those Trees.  
In this Tree is found a certain fat juice, not unlike Turpentine, for of the Sawdust of Willow a Vernis is wont to be made by boiling.  
This Catterpillar lives of this fat juice, and is to be found in the marrow of that Tree, both Summer and Winter, for our Dutch-Boors, when they cleave them in Winter, often light upon them: But to have their change they must either keep them in a warmer place, or not take them out of the Wood  
These Caterpillars are of a reddish colour, like boiled Crayfish, and they smell rank.  
In the Months of june and july, I have met with them creeping in the Highways, then seekeing out a convenient place for to change in; which choice is an old decayed Willow, for its softness, and for its food.  
Concerning the manner of the Propogation of these Caterpillars, it is obscure, and not fully known to me, and cannot easily be found out, for on the outside of the Tree are no chinks or cracks, no (not small) holes, and yet Caterpillars are to be found within.  
This is most certain, that I have found these often in the Pith of Willows, and it is likely they are there generated of corrupt Wood by heat, as other Animals, which are spontaneousely begot.  
Also having very often tried to keep them to know what would become of them, they all Died, and when I did stop up their Dead bodies in Juggs, I had a multitude of little Flies, which I say without doubt were Generated of heat and corrupted matter.  
When these great Caterpillars are at their full growth and bigness, they seek out where to rest, in order to their change, it changed in an Old and dried Willow Tree the beginning of june, as is Figured in the Table, and the 23d. of july, came forth a great Butterfly, which moved not out of its place, it was Hatched in; and Died there after Eight Days, shutting its Wings.  
This very Catterpillar, I have also found in the Body of an Oak Tree, new field and Sawn a sunder, wherein it makes holes, you may turn your Finger in: The Romans had a way to feed these Fat, and did eat them as a delicious Food, they called them Cossi. It has a very rank and strong smell, is a little hairy, and of a Reddish, but pale colour.  
2d. The remark of Willow Sawdust affording a refine, is curious and the first time, that I met with it in any Author, Pliny (lib. 16. c. 18.) says the Gauls had a way of extracting a Bitumen from Birtch, which is as improbable, however to this purpose some of the Old Trees we dig up out of our Mountainous Mosses in the West-rideing of Yorkshire, are certainly no other than Birtch, and when dry do Burne with as lasting a Flame, like Firr-Tree splinters, which gives the occasion of calling them Firr-wood.   

Number. 40. 
G. P. 2 Tab. 3   
The Catterpillar. of the 40th. Table.: I took the 13th. of December, and fed it with Sallow leaves (its usual Food) as long as I could find any of them; but when I could get no more of those leaves it fasted all Winter; but it Daily shefted its place, its life and motion were so weak, as scarcely perceivable.  
The 24th. of March, I offered it the tender Buds of Sallow, but it Eat not: the 2d. of April, I put again before it Sallow leaves, and then it Eat them, for than they were bigger, and more Nourishing; the same thing I observed in other Caterpillars, not one only; that they abstained from tender young Herbs; but eat them greedily, when a little more grown up.  
The 6th. of April, holding fast by the feet upon the edge of a piece of Paper, it crept out of its skin; that I seemed to have a Catterpillar upon the Paper, for it was just like (as to colour) the skin it crept out off.  
When it cast this skin it parted with an Egg of the same bigness, that Aunt's Eggs are usually of. The 14th. of May, is cast another skin, and again parted with another Egg: Both the Eggs came to nothing.  
The Catterpillar changed the 13th. of June, as is Figured, and after 10 Days came forth a Butterfly, which fasted Seven Days, and Dyed.  
Note, that is no unusual thing with these kind of Animals; I mean Caterpillars, to go on, or suspend their Eating, and consequently their growth, as was observed.  
2d. Here indeed is a perfect change, and a By-birth besides, I guess the By-birth to be the Chrysalis of Ichneumons, because the Catterpillar lived: And perhaps from this Observation we may guests something of the place of Ichneumons' Worms ●eeding; which is probably not within the Body of the Catterpillar, but betwixt the skin or the Exuviae only.  
For here every time the Catterpillar casts a skin, it parted with an Ichneumon, and the reason (why these Ichneumon Chrysalis are Figured as Foliculi, and so first appeared: whereas others most usually Pierce the Catterpillar in the form of Worms, and change afterwards) may I say well, be the Caterpillars fasting all Winter: so that the Catterpillar not haeving cast all the skins to the last, these Worms could not break forth: Or were not fit and ripe so to do, but spun themselves Foliculi within the Catterpillar, before their time, and so came to nothing.  
Thus far the smooth and not Hairy Caterpillars whose Histories are more perfect, that is having both the Disguises Figured and the Butterfly two. Here follow the less perfect Histories (those in which the Figurs of the Aurelia's are only omitted) of the large sort of smooth Caterpillars.   

Number. 41. 
G. P. 1. Tab. 14.   
The Catterpillar of the 41st. Table, feeds on the Leaves of Bursa Pastoris and Senecio: Although most Caterpillars feed on the leaves of Herbs, and are therefore to be found upon them, yet this Catterpillar of the 41st. Table, lies hid underground o'th' day time, and comes not out until the Evening; and Eats as much i'th' night, as is sufficient for all the day, like Batts.  
This Catterpillar changed the 28 of April, and remained so until the 9th. of june, when a Butterfly came forth which appears not in the Day, but seeks his food in Gardens amongst the Flowers.   

History. 42. 
G. P. 1. Tab. 30.   
The Catterpillar, of the 42th. Table. eats the Leaves of Violets. If it happen (when two or more are fed together) that one of them change early before the rest, and there be a want of meat, the Catterpillar not yet changed will devower the (Aurelia's) which it may well do, these being not in a condition to resist and move.  
This Catterpillar changed the 13th. of October, and continued in t●at condition until the 6th. of june the year following, at which time came forth a Butterfly of a Bluish colour Figured in the Table.   

Number. 43. 
G. P. I. Tab. 37.   
Although flowers are not much infested with Caterpillars, yet are they not free from them, the Caterpillars of the 3d. Table. chiefly Eats Gillyflowers, I know by experiance that the Catterpillar lies under ground all Day, and comes not out before Sun sets.  
He changed the 30th. of july, and continued so until the 23d. of September, and then a Butterfly came forth of a Redish colour,: Figured in the Table.  
Naked Caterpillars, are a more acceptable Food to Birds, than such as are Hairy, as I have ●ound by experience in feeding Redbreasts: I guess the reason to be, that the Hair is noxious to their stomaches. And indeed, it is my opinion, that the Vesicateing faculty of Infects is much more in the Hair; then in any other part: I having Blown into my Boxes, where sometimes I kept a sort of Hairy Cimexes, had in a few Minuts after all my Face Blistered. These Naked and therefore more innocent Caterpillars, by the instinct of Nature seek to preserve themselves, by getting under Ground in the Day time, when the Birds are stirring.   

Number. 44. 
G. P. 1. Tab. 56.   
The Catterpillar of the 44th. Table, feeds of Dogs-mercury, as soon as i● perceives any thing it is not u'st to, it casts itself upon the ground, and lycas round in Ball, as though it was Dead.— It changed the 30th. of july, and the 26th. of August, came forth a Butterfly, fig in the Table, of a rare shape and colour; the fore part of its Body was Hooded as it were, it lived long without Food, and was very fearful.  
What the Plant Mercurialis may be I cannot guess, many there are that bear that name, as Bonus Henricus, Dog's mercury, etc.   

Number. 45. 
G. P. 1. Tab. 56.   
Before it changed, it cast its skin, with great difficulty, Sweeting all over small watery drops: having a new skin it rested for a time, and changed the first of june, and the first of july came forth a dark coloured Butterfly.  
Malpigius, hath well compared the casting of skins in Caterpillars, to the breeding of Teeth in Children; because both are often accompanied with dreadful Symptoms.   

Number. 46. 
G. P. 1. Tab. 60.   
The Catterpillar of the 46th. Table, I Fed the space of two Months, with Ground Ivy in Dutch Onderhave. Before it began to change, It purgeth itself, and changed the 28th. Day of April, and a very Beautiful Butterfly came forth the 26th. of May, Figured in the Table, it had so elegant a lustre, that it could not be Painted without Guilding, it bears two equally long Plumes upon the Head, it is wonderfully adorned about the Eyes, and Armed, under the Eyes appear two Teeth, it Lived Three Days without food.  
I understand not what our Author, means by the two Teeth under the Eyes of the Butterfly; This is a mistake I guess: Butterflies, indeed have a Tongue, Trunk, and hollow Pipe by which they Feed on Flowers: But I am yet ignorant of their having Teeth.   

Number. 47. 
G. P. 1. Tab. 61.   
The Catterpillar, of the 47th. Table: Is very curious and delicate in its Food, which are the leaves of the Cherrytree.  
It changed the 6th. of june, and the 14th. of the same Month came forth a Butterfly Figured in the Table, of an unpleasant colour, and Beggar-like dress, it lived not long, sad and moving little.  
This is a very quick change, the Butterfly throwing of the disguise of an Aurelia in Eight Days, this was in the heat of Summer, Malpigius observes, the Butterfly of the Silkworm, not to do it in the hottest season in less time than 10 Days, I would have it tried whether or no it would succeed, that if a Chrysalis, change late i'th' Year, was put in a warm place, immediately after its change, it would soon throw off that disguise, and become a Butterfly, the place might be instead of an Elaboratory, or Glass-house: All the parts of the Butterfly are budded in the Chrysalis; But are not sprouted, Explicate, and hardened.  
We come in the next place to such Histories, of the large smooth Caterpillars, where we find either the change imperfect, that is some by birth, Figured in stead of the Butterfly, or the Catterpillar, only, and no Aurelia, by Birth or Butterfly at all.   

Number. 48. 
G. P. 1. Tab. 18.   
The Catterpillar of the 48th. Table: Eats Violet-leaves, it can hardly endure the Sun beams, and therefore gets under Ground, it can hardly be found because it is green, like the leaves it feeds on, it creeps fast enough; save that when it perceives any thing, it is not use't to; it moves not, but lies as though it were Dead.  
After that it had exactly cleansed itself of all excrements, it changed, the 4th. of September, and abode in that condition without Meat or motion, to the 9th. of May, the Year following, at which time came forth a Fly, Figured in the Table.  
This is an ordinary Flesh-fly, and therefore the Aurelia was Carrion and putrid, when the Fly fed upon it. To know when a Chrysalis is alive, is by touching the Ta●le of it, for although it have no local and progressive motion, while in that state, yet it can wag that part very briskley: As to Aurelia's fasting so long; as such they must fast having no Organs to eat, and being in disguise; but whether thy are not Fed, by a nourishment equivalent to that of Infants in the Womb, Is to be inquired after.   

Number. 49. 
G. P. 1. Tab. 19   
The Catterpillar of the 49th. Table: I fed 13 Days with the Leaves of Willow trees, when it began to Abstain from Meat, it turned and tossed every way with great anxiety, and labour, and then it gently reposed and changed the 17th. Day of july, and the 20th. Day of August, came forth a Yellow Fly, not unlike a Bee: Figured in the Table.  
We have said that Ichneumons' are of the Wasp kind, it is therefore no wonder that some sort of Wasps or Bee, near alike in shape to that which we vulgarly own & call Wasps, should be nourished after the same manner, that is, should make the bodies of Caterpillars, the place of their nourishment, if not the matter too, as in this By-Birth: This is yet a great mystery to us after what manner, and on what these Wasp-Wormes feed within the bodies of Caterpillars; the Anxiety of the Catterpillar in its change argued the troublesome Guest, it had in its Body.   

Number. 50. 
G. P. 1 Tab. 58.   
The Catterpillar of the 50th. Table: I for some time fed it with Elm leaves, when it creeps, it is twice as long, as when it rests.  
It changed the 9th. of September, and did continue in that condition until the 24th. of May, the Year following, at which time came ●orth an odd shaped Fly.  
This Fly is a very ●ierce enemy to Spiders, and by a singular antipathy pursues and kills them; whereas other Flies are taken in Spider's webs and eaten by them: I have experienced that these kind of Flies, whilst Spiders are in the middle of their Nets, and there expect the coming of Flies, they seize upon the Spiders and wound them mortally; the Spider himself thus wounded, cast himself upon the Ground by a thread; this Fly follows, and breaks every leg of the Spider, one after the other, than he glories in a full Victory, and often goes above the Spider's body as it were rejoicing, I have Observed this thing thrice in doing, and then I saw the Fly carry away the Spider on its Wing.  
This By-birth is an Ichneumon: That is, a Wasp with a slender body: its killing the spider is very remarkable, and I have elsewhere (in the Philosophical Transactions) Registered an observation of these kind of Wasps, laying their Eggs within the cakes of Spider's Eggs, and that when Hatched, the Wasp-worms do feed upon the substance of the Spider's Eggs, and do inprocesse of time, in the same Spider's webs change into Aurelia's, and are thencc changed into Ichneumons of their own Species, from whence we learn the confidence of these kind of Infects: Which are secure from Spiders, and therefore may well put other Infects, such as Caterpillars, less able to defend themselves, to what service, and use they please, making their bodies Nurseries of their Young.   

Number. 51. 
G. P. 2. Tab. 25.   
The Catterpillar of the 51st. Table: Feeds of wild Aurach, and is of the (Green) colour of the Plant; it's very slow in eating and creeping, and every way a sluggish Animal: It casts its skin like Serpents, or the Silkworm four times, and had four several shapes, upon its casting its skin, which happened thus, viz. When it had done eating, out of the body of the Catterpillar came a not-very-little worm, somewhat flat, and shaped like a Flesh ●aggot: the worm crept forth the 12th. of February, about ●oure in the after noon, this Worn incessantly crept up, and down without eating or drinking for Fourteen Hours; but in the mean time by little and little lost its colour, and its skin grew harder, for defence perhaps against the coolness of the air and enemies; and now creeping no longer, it rolled its bend body, and put on an obscure colour, and then languishing, it seemed to fall of eating, but not greedily: the next day it seemed to Die, there being no signs of life, or motion in it; but it continually rested till the later end of September: At which time came forth a Fly, rarely to be met with; with longish legs, and flat feet: I believe this an Amphibious creature, and to live in the Water as well as in the Air: this Fly had a great Head, of an unusual shape, it laid mosty on its back, and therefore I have so Figured him; he eat nothing that I offered him, and died the 3d. of October.  
It will be a hard matter, for any man to make sense of this History, and undoubtedly the diligent Author, had much wrong done him, by the ignorance of the Latin Interpreter, for to omit other things, what shall we make of the XXII. Calends. October. The truth is the Animal is very oddly described, and Figured, it should be a Wasp by all circumstances, and especially in that it has 4 Wings.  
Again it could be no Flesh-Maggot; because the Catterpillar was not carrion; but alive, at that time of the eruption of this Worm. The Author hints, a solution by thinking it an Anomalous, or Amphibious Creature. I affirm nothing, but that it was a By-birth; so the casting of Four Skins is false.   

Number. 52. 
G. P. 1. Tab. 62.   
I could find nothing that this Catterpillar of the 52d. Table would eat, perhaps because he had left off feeding, and was ready to change.  
He began very Anxiously to toss and roll, turning and winding his body every way: by and by, there was an eruption of certain drops of water or sweat out of his, body all which drops, I saw change in the space of 12. Hours, into living Caterpillars (Erucas) but they all perished with their Mother, for my want of knowledge of their food in one day's time.   

Number. 53. 
G. P. 3. Tab. T.   
I fed the Catterpillar of the 53d. Table: with Alder and Paretree leaves from the 28th. of May: when it had Eaten enough, it fastened itself to the sides of a leaf, lifting up his head, at Sun set it drew in its head and slept all night; but some of these Caterpillars, will sleep 17. or 18. hours together, on the contrary others will creep up and down two Days and two Nights without food or resting; the hinder or lower parts of this Catterpillar Body are pellucid, they fight desperately together some times; [The Author left no ●urther.  
We have now done with all the greater sorts of Smooth Caterpillars, as well which the Author left us perfect, as the more imperfect Histories also. Here follow in the nex place, the lesser Species of smooth Caterpillars, and we shall observe the same order in them, which we have done in greater, that is, first to range the more perfect and complete Histories, where we find the Butterfly, and both the Disguises Figured.   

Number. 54. 
G. P. 1. Tab. 9   
The Catterpillar, of the 54th. Table Feeds of the leaves of Ragwort: It is a Black and Yellow colour and smooth, in the month of july, it cleaves to Bends or straws, and hides itself in a skin, for matter, like Yellow Silk.  
After that I had fed him with the said herbs 8 Days, he changed the 24th. of july, and lay as dead in that condition, until the 8th. of May, the year following, and then came forth a Butterfly partly Black, and partly Read, not unelegant, Figured in the Table: the Butterfly, retained the colour of the Catterpillar, save that the Yellow in the Catterpillar was changed into Red in the Butterfly, it lived without meat 23 Days, and died after having ejaculated its Seed.  
This Catterpillar is common and well known, I have had some of them out of whose bodies broke forth certain small Ichneumon Worms, spining very ● white Foliculi.   

Number. 55. 
G. P. 1. Tab. 68   
The small Catterpillar of the 55th. Table: Feeds on Elder leaves, and rolls up those leaves like a Funnel, making itself a House in them against Rain, Sun, and Birds, and for this reason also feeds only in the night time.  
It changed the 22 of November, 1657. And continued as is Figured in the Table, until the 21st. of july, 1658. Then came forth a Butterfly, Figured also in the Table, very pretty and elegantly marked.   

Number. 56. 
G. P. 2. Tab. 1   
The Catterpillar of the 56th. Table: Feeds upon the leaves of Winter Roses, but will not touch any flowers or leaves else, this is a nimble Catterpillar, and very sensible and crafty, I speak nothing but what I have seen and tried. This Catterpillar, (as I have often tried) would not be moved at all, if the Wind blew the leaves it fate upon; but if I moved the air with my hand it would immediately cast itself down upon the ground, by a thread of its mouth, for to save its self from the fall.  
A●mongst the leaves, it ●eeds of, it is wont to make itself a House, elegantly knit of its own Weaving and in this it changeth, which it did the 20th. of May, as is Figured in the Table, and so continued until the 12th. of june; then there came forth a Butterfly, which lived fasting to the first of july.   

Number. 57 
G. P. 2. Tab. 4.   
The Catterpillar of the 57th. Table, is wont to feed of Elm leaves, it makes itself a pretty kind of Nest, fastening a thread to the one side of the leaf, and then to the other, and so brings both sides together, Knitting them close leaving an open passage at both ends; it creeps both backwards and forwards alike: If you touch it, it casts itself upon the ground swiftly by a thread, and does Dart its Body swifter than an Eale, perhaps to strike terror into those Enemies that follow him.  
I have two Caterpillars of the Species, one of them changed the 2d. of june, as is Figured in the Table, there came forth a Butterfly Figured in the Table, the 9th. of july, which lived fasting 10, Days, I guess this to be a Male the other bigger bodied Catterpillar lived until the 3d. of june, it was full of little Worms, which without doubt were the death of it.  
As Worms are the Death of Children, according to the opinion of both Ancient and Modern Physicians; So ●2. Little Worms, broke forth of the dead Body of it: The 5th. of june, each of which Worms as soon as out of the Body of the Catterpillar, fell to work and made themselves a Net, under which each made itself an Egg of its own Weaving. The 19th. of july, out of these Eggs came forth 32 little Flies, which I kept alive a long time with Suggar: But at length I gave them their liberty suspecting that I should else kill them, if these Eyes had been a little biggar, I had Figured them in the Table, but they were scarce visible.  
These Flies were a By-birth, and undoubtedly Ichneumons, because they Spun, as soon, as they came to light.   

Number. 58▪ 
G. P. 2. Tab. 7.   
The Catterpillar of the 58th. ● Table, are very noxious, and feed of tender Rose buds, they eat out the substance of the Bud, and do knit the leaves together very artificially, for shelter against the Sun: This Worm is from a fat juice Hatched by the Sun and Dew: After long observation, and many unsucsesfull trials (for this Catterpillar is not easily brought to change by our feeding) I found that it changed as is Figured in the Table: The 1st. of june, and was covered as with a white sheet, the 21st-of june came forth a Butterfly, which as soon as borne stood with erect wings, than it set a running swiftly with wings aloft, than it leaps up like a Grass-hopper, and at last rested quietly, it died within five Days for want of Food.  
It is ill guessed of our Author, to think any thing can be begot of a fat juice, etc. There is but one way, that of Animal Parents.   

Number. 59 
G. P. 2. Tab. 9   
The Catterpillar of th● 59th. Table, feeds of Bramble leaves, they come of Eggs, Hatched the beginning of May,, and lived upon thedry leaves of Bramble, by the Butterfly their Mother: For an Egg so laid, produced the Catterpillar Figured in the Table, which I fed as soon as Hetched with Bramble leaves, from the 6th. of May, until the 3d. of june, when it began to change, making it self a place to secure it lelfe in, of laeves knitted 〈◊〉 and then changed, the next Day, as is Figured in 〈◊〉 Table: The 20th. of june came forth a Butterfly, w●ich new Hatched, lay like a dead creature, but by and by flew like an Arrow out of a Bow.  
These Butterflies, are hard to be taken abroad, being of a swift and cunning flight: they sit under the leaves when weary: They abide col●e well; for I have also found them in the middle of Winter under Bramble leaves, this Butterfly lived 18 Days fasting with me.   

Number. 60. 
G. P. 2. Tab. 12.   
The small Catterpillar of the 60th. Table, are ever found almost within the Flowers, or Blossoms of the Cherry, Apple or Pare●●ee, and destroy much, and cannot easily be driven thence, but by showers, they can endure both hair, and cold, and well know how to defend themselves from the harm of either; they Knit and close up the Blossoms they eat, and feed most in the cool of the Evening or Morning, and that for 14 Days at least.  
They are bread by a moist wind, and as soon as borne do destroy, and eat the said Blossoms like a Gangreen; the water out of which they are bread, is a moist cloud like Honey dew, which by the scorching of the Sun, and the native heat of the Trees, is turned into live Worms, which our Dutch Boors call Woolves.  
The 18th. of May, this Catterpillar changed, and the 10th. of Iu●e came forth a Butterfly, quiet for two hours after it was borne: which as soon at its wings were dry, let fall one drop of water and flew away.  
In the Morning you will find of these Butterflies, sitting on Paretree flowers, and sucking Dew thence, but in Winter they hide themselves in Stables, and Grainaries for warmth, they are very fearful, and scarce fly away unless much urged: This Catterpillar was of old called by the Dutch Boors▪ De Wolf.  
Our Author here also follows the vulgar opinion, as well as name, concerning the breed of these Worms; but his own Observation of the suruiving of these Butterflys all Winter, were enough to evince the contrary, that they breed the Worms: Compendious expedients to rid a Fruit Tree of them, were well worth the invention; in the mean time, it is as well worth our pains, the picking these out of Blossoms betimes, as the weeding of Corn is. And my reason is, because they are bred but once in a season or about a time; and therefore if you rid the Fruit once of them, the Fruit is secure of them ever after. But of these I purpose to say more in an other place.   

Number. 6●. 
●● P. 3. ●●b. 13.   
The Catterpillar of the 61st. Table, feeds only on the Herb Calamin●ha, it is always wet, and leaves a shineing slimy tract after it, where it has, crept like a Snail: it's a fearful and timorous Animal, and hides itself under the leaves of Mint, and often changes its station, it feeds i'th' night, but never i'th' Day time, and with its body in an erect posture, as one that is very circumspect and wattchfull to avoid danger: when it goes, it makes haste.  
The Titmise, or little Birds (Pari) devower these Infects, and therefore they seldom appear, and are not to be driven from the places they hide themselves in, but by violence.  
I conceive there is but little difference betwixt the Saliva of Infects, and that of Spiders, Snails, and Caterpillars, being very much akin. The reason why the Spiders and Caterpillars, for me the Thread of their Saliva, and the Snail not, is very probably, the Organs or Pipes, through which this juice passes, which are not given to the Snail.   

Number. 62. 
G. P. 1. Tab. 72.   
The Catterpillar of the 62. Table, fed of the putrified Stone of a Mountain Duck, and was bread thence, and lived in that stone as long as any thing remained to feed on.  
It change the 29th. of May, 1659. As is Figured in the Table, they undergo the like change in the Feathers of Duck, wrapped up and hid therein, that nothing but a little hole was left for the Butterfly to go out of.  
The 7th. Day of june, 1659. came forth a Butterfly, or Moth Figured in the Table, this Moth is beautiful and delights in flying, wherein it uses strange motions and windings. These Moths live long unless they be taken in Spider's webs.  
They eat the light and hide themselves in obscure places, and sometimes in Gardens, under the leaves of Plants: They feed on the Sweet Dews on Flowers, as other Flies; they hide themselves in winter in Houses, etc.  
From this History, some have doubted whether the Catterpillar was ever perfectly form before its change, but was rather borne after the change, because that until the change it remained in the place of its birth, and took its nourishment there as Children do in the Womb, and Chickens in their Eggs.  
The Butterfly living abroad in summer, and returning into Houses in Winter, is enough to satisfy the manner of this Caterpillars birth, which is from the Animal Parent▪ and not of putrified flesh, also it was in disguise in the rotten flesh, not as in the Womb, but as in a place where store of food was to be had; suitable to its nature, and for this the Mother Butterfly was Caterer; so that however the parts of the Butterfly are altered, from what they were, when in the disguise of a Catterpillar, yet does the But●●●●ly retain a sense of that meat, which she once fed off herself and does not carelessly drop her Eggs; but there only where she finds suitable food for them to eat, as soon as they shall be hatched.  
Here follows the less perfect Histories, of the lesser Species of smooth Caterpillars; That is to say; where either one or the other of the Disguises are not Figured in the Table, or a By-birth only instead of the Butterfly.   

History. 63. 
G. P. 1. Tab. 15.   
The Catterpillar of the 63d. Table feeds on Thorn tree leave● as long as there are any to be had, it goes backwards a●d fore wards, as it pleases and that swiftly, when these Caterpillars, change, they get together into one place, and every one hangs by his own proper thread.  
This Catterpillar, chauged by little and little, ●he 5th. of june, and the 27th. of the same Month, came forth a Moth Figured in the Table, which Moth haunts Thorns, and lays it Seed upon them which (Spawn) hangs thereon until the beginning of the Year following, for Caterpillars appear not till there be food for them.  
I have seen the change of this Catterpillar, (see my Notes.)   

Number. 64. 
G. P. 1. Tab. 16.   
The Catterpillar of the 64th. Table, feeds of Sallow leaves, they shelter themselves from the Sun, in boughs and leaves knit together, they creep swiftly, and as soon as they perceive anything that is not usual, and not familiar to them, they suddenly cast themselves down by a thread for their security.  
This Catterpillar changed the 53th. of june, and a nimble Butterfly Figured in the Table broke forth the 21st. of the same month.   

Number. 65. 
G. P. 1. Tab. 40.   
The Catterpillar of the 65 th' Table, feeds of the leaves of the Ashtree (which are Infested by this and many other Animals) it very cunningly rowles up the leaves, and shelters itself against the Sun.  
This Catterpillar purged itself and changed the 24 th'. of june, and the 26 of September, came forth a Moth Figured in the Table.   

Number. 66. 
G. P. 1. Tab. 46.   
The Catterpillar of the 66 th'. Table, was bread in a Sugar Pear, and feeds thereof, it changed the 3 d. of August, and the Second of july, the Year following, that is, after a 11 Months (in which space it lay without motion or food, and as I thing dead) came forth a Butterfly, Figured in the Table.  
We must think that Fruits, as well as leaves, are not the Equivocal Parents of any Infects: But the Butterfly only of Caterpillars, etc.  
Not withstanding the opinion of Aristotle (de Plantis) and lately of Signior Read, concerning Plantigenous Animals.  
In the next place we shall range the Histories of the lesse● Smooth Caterpillars, which are imperfect, that is where there is a By-birth only, and no Butterfly Figured.   

Number. 67. 
G. P. 3. Tab. B.   
The Catterpillar, of the 67 th'. Table, greedily Eats the the leaves of Sallows, there are great numbers of them: Also these Caterpillars drink much and long, especially any sweet things: If you touch them, they defend themselves moving very swiftly the hinder part of their body. this Catterpillar changed the 1● th'. of September, 1663. and continued so until the 22 of August, 1664. And then came forth a Fly, which lived fasting until the 30 th'. of the same month.  
In the very middle of the change, is seen a black Egg, to which this Fly owns its birth.  
This is the By-birth of some Flesh-fly, and our Author is very diligent in that he has here, once for all, observed to us, that he found, in the very middle of the Chrysalis of the Eruca, the Chrysalis of the Fly; which he calls a black Egg: The Caterpillars Chrysalis was undonbtedly Carrion, and then Flyblown.   

Number. 68 
G. P. 1. Tab. 28.   
The Catterpillar of the 68 th'. Table, Eats the leaves of Roses, and I feed him also with the leaves of Province Roses, as often as I neglected to feed him, ●he prepared for change, but because that I had often observed that from an untimely change, ugly, miserable, and imperfect Butterflys came, therefore I gave this meat as long as he would eat, and that he willingly changed: He cleansed himself from all excrements, and changed the 14 th'. of August, and the 17 th'. of june, the Year following came forth a Yellow Fly, which is Figured in the Table, this Fly was slow and weak: This Catterpillar lay in the change, more than 10 Months, like a dead thing without motion and feeding.   

Number. 69. 
G. P. 1. Tab. 29.   
The Catterpillar of the 69 th'. Table, delights to feed of the leaves of the Red C●rran-tree: That only when the Day breaks, after having quickly cleansed its body, it began to change the 12 of july, and continued in that condition until the 14 of August, at which time came forth a Fly, Figured in the Table: A very swift Flyer but Died within Four Days.  
These two last are By-births, and of the Waspking▪ being something more gross and thick bodycd, than we usually find Ichneumons to be: however they are of kin, and I little question, but our Author might have found in these Chrysalis' the Ichneumons Chrysalis'; or the Nimphs of Wasps enclosed, if he had had the hap to have sought for them.  
By the Figure of the Caterpillars they seem to be of one and the same Species, and our Author not distinguishing betwixt By-births and such as are Genuine, he seems in some few places, to have multiplied Species unnecessarily.   

Number. 70. ●. 
G. P. 1. Tab. 39   
The Catterpillar, of the 70 A. Table, feeds on the leaves of the Elm, and is to be found on the very top of these trees: it leaps from place to place, like a Grasshoper: cold destroys it.  
Having cleansed its body, it changed ●he 28 th'. of August, within a net which it had made before it's changed, and which was as bright as Silver, it continued in the change till the first of june the Year following, about 9 Months, at that time came forth a Fly Figured in the Table.  
This By-birth, is a Wasp, as appears by the Figure.   

Number. 70. B. 
G. P. 2. Tab. 8.   
This Catterpillars ●●●ds of Elm leaves, their sleep extending 10 hours, and then cleanse and eat again, when they are about to change, they let themselves down from the Tree by a Thread for safety, as soon as they come to the ground they seek a dry Elm leaf and having found one they creep into it, and Artificially Knitting it together else on all sides, covering their bodies besides with a silver coloured and bright Net: In this manner changed the Caterpillars, the 26 of May, as is Figured in the Table, and Four Days after came forth a Fly, Figured also to the life in the Table: It lived with me also fasting Six Days.  
This is an other History, of the same Catterpillar, and this is a By-birth also; but a Flesh-fly, and Viviparous, if I mistake not.   

Number. 71. 
G. P. 1. Tab. 48.   
The Catterpillar of the 71 st. Table. feeds of the leaves of the Cherrytree, they are for the most part to be found under the leaves, shaded from the Sun.  
This Catterpillar cleansed itself, and changed the 22 d. of july, and the 4 th'. of August came forth a Fly.  
This By-birth (by the Figure) is a Wasp; having a short, thick body, and Four Wings.   

Number. 72. 
G. P. 1. Tab. 49.   
The Catterpillar of the 72 d. Table. eats the tender leaves of the Ash, leaving nothing but the skins; it is of a shining colour, as black as Pitch; it grows no bigger, than it is Figured: I called this the black Crab, because its hinder parts are like a Crab.  
It changed the 28 th'. of july, and there came forth a Fly, Figured also in the Table.  
This By-birth is a Flesh-fly, as appears by the Figure; and therefore we suppose the Chrysolies was Carrion.   

Number. 73. 
G. P. 2. Tab. 2.   
The little Catterpillar, of the 73 th'. Table. eats the green leaves of Wormwood; and it's bred of a certain humour, as a seed, which some Mother Fly laid upon that Plant, Whence comes this Catterpillar: When it is newly hatched, it is of a white colour: When it begins to creep upon the ground, it forthwith makes itself a shelter, against the scorching heat of the S●n: After that it has once attained to its full growth, it is incomparable swift, and not easily to be taken, at the least noise it runs out of its shelter or lurking place to escape the Birds, it is then something like the colour of the Earth, it falls on.  
When it begins to change, it gnaws in two a sprig of Wormwood, that it may the more conveniently knit itself therein a House, to change in.  
This Catterpillar, changed the 4 th'. of june, as is Figured in the Table; the 9 th'. of the same Month came forth a Worm, which the 13 th'. of the same Month appeared in the shape of an Egg; out of which Egg came a Fly (Figured in the Table) The 26 th'. of the same Month; which in less than a quarter of an hour, became as big again, as when first hatched: I nourished this Fly along time with Suggar and Water; it made a wonderful loud noise in flying, though but little of body.  
This By●birth, is a Flesh-fly, which are well known to fill a Room with noise, when they fly about it: Here are some unintelligible mistakes in the Latin Copy.   

Number. 74. 
G. P. 2. Tab. 3.   
The Catterpillar, of the 74 th'. Table, eats the Leaves of the Rose-tree; for the most part it feeds in the night only, for fear of Birds perhaps: It creeps slowly, and if touched, it slowly rowles itself it up: When it is full, it stretches itself out as though it slept: It made itself a House to change in, like a little Net, very pretty.  
It changed therein (as is Figured in the Table) the 16 th'. of September: And the 14 th'. of May, the Year following came forth a Black Fly, which lived 7 Days fasting.  
The By-birth here is an Ichneumon, as appears by the Figure.   

Number. 75. 
G. P. 2. Tab. 5.   
The Catterpillar of the 75 th'. Table, would eat nothing but a certain Rush or Grass, growing on the Banks of D●●ches: It ●ed but slowly, and crept as slowly after it had done fee●ing, and when it was full, it was a third part less, then in the time of its feeding.  
The 2 d. of june, came forth of this Catterpillar, a Worm, ou● of which Worm, the 9 th'. of the same Month c●me a Fly, which was so very small, that I could not Figure it in the Table.  
This Catterpillar changed in the form of a Tobacco-Roll, as is Figured in the Table.  
The 1 saint. of August, came forth thence a Fly, whose wings were so clear and Transparent, and clapped so close to its body, that it seemed to be without wings: This Fly was like a great Pismire, and ran swiftly, and not with Expanded wings, but with them clapped close to its body, it lived with me fasting 14 Days.  
'tis rare that one Catterpillar should nourish two By-births; but this History, seems to be an instance, that it i● so, and that both of them are Ichneumons.   

Number. 76. 
G. P. 2. Tab. 6.   
The small Catterpillar of the 76 th'. Table eats Columbine leaves, and cleaves so fast to the edges of those leaves, that you may sooner pull them in pieces, then take them off: they eat like a spreading Cancer, what ever Plant, be it Roses, etc. they light on; for the most part you find them great and small together; they are just of the colour of Columbine leaves: they fear no weather: touch them and they vibrate their tail wonderfully.  
This Catterpillar, changed the 8 th'. of june, as Figured in the Table: And the 21st. of june, came forth a Black Fly, Figured also in the Table; these kind of Flies I have often seen sitting upon bryony, (Vuae urfinae) lived two Days without meat.  
This By-birth is a kind of Flesh-fly; and the Chrysalis is the change of a Flesh-fly; and therefore here is some escape in the observation.   

Number. 77. a. 
G. P. 1. Tab. 64.   
The Catterpillar of the 77 th'. Table, Marked a. eats but once a Day, and that sparingly, the leaves of Sallow, and when it has done eating, it rowles up its body in a round, like a (Snake) dog, and then about noon the next day a little more food, and then to rest in the said posture: this I observed it to do (and it is a most wonderful History) until the last day of September, 1653. and it rested without changing the posture of its Body, or moving until the 24 th'. of October, 1655. I touched its body daily with a little Feather, that I might certainly know whether it was a live or no, and I observed it alive, and at every light touch to move and contract its body, two whole Years and 24 Days, and that without any food, or so much as local motion, I saw no change in it, but that its body through long fasting was manifestly lessened.   

Number. 77. b. 
G. P. 2. Tab. 17.   
The Catterpillar in this 77 th'. Table, fed for most part on Columbine, and some times on Rose leaves; when full, it roled itself up like a Hedgehog, as is Figured: I kept some of these Caterpillars, some whole Years, formerly by me, and fed them, but they constantly died without changing: without doubt, because something was wanting necessary to their change; which thing when I had thought on, I shut one of them up in a Glass Viol, filled with Earth and fed it therein, after a while, I found that it crept within the Earth, and that he made himself a large House in the bottom of the Glass, by the slime of of his mouth, Arched over head, and covered himself with Earth, that he seemed a lump of Clay, and thus he did, as I guess, for safety: Also within this Earth, he knit himself a Net for yet greater safety.  
The 27 th'. of july, this Catterpillar rested in order to its change, as is Figured in the Table, and remained therein 7 Days without stirring, the 5 th'. of August, came forth a Fly, and the day after another Fly, both which after they had rested a little while, did couple in order to the propagation of their Species.  
I have often seen these Flies lay their seed upon the leaves of Columbines, which is a Green and fat juice, and so small, that one must have good Eyes who discerns it.  
These Flies I fed for some time with Water and Hony, at length depriving them on purpose, of their Water, they Died.  
This is the 3d. time our Author has made two Histories of one Animal.  
Here are indeed many things worth nothing, and dfficultly explainable: In the first History, the ●ong suspending its Change, even for above two Years, is very remarkable. In the Second History, the diligence of our Author, in supplying it with Earth is very commendable.  
Again the two By-births are Ichneumons, as appears by the Figure: Their coupling is extraordinary; the Author, never yet having observed it; though some Scores have been born together.  
He also tells us of the Seed or Eggs of these Ichneumons, which he says (from frequent observation) is extremely small, not to be seen, but by very good Eyes, but that I suspect an error in this observation, (this fat and Green juice, may rather be an excrement than Eggs) I should think that possible the Ichneumons Flies Eggs, may be licked up, and swallowed down by Caterpillars in feeding, and escape digestion, and hatch within the Caterpillars body: but I affirm nothing not having yet seen the Seed, or Eggs of any one Ichneumon laid.  
Hitherto of the smooth Caterpillars, both Small and Great: In the next place we shall Range the Histories of the Hairy Caterpillars.   

Number. 78. a. 
G. P. 2. Tab. 29.   
The Catterpillar of the 78 th'. Table, marked a. feeds on Alder leaves, I nourished two of them, to see what would come of them; the one was a little brighter coloured, than other.  
One of the two changed as is Figured in the Table, the 15 th'. of june, and the 15 th'. of july, came forth a Butterfly Figured in the Table, very brisk and sportive, I kept him alive 1● Days.  
I had a Third of these kind of Caterpillars, which seemed to be sick, it had no stomach to its meat, and its Hair trembled, as though it shook with an Ague.  
It not withstanding changed (just as the first is Figured to have changed) the 20 th'. of june, and out of that change came forth a Fly the last Day of june; Figured also in the Table: This Fly was very nimble in running, and very sportive with its Wings and Horns, it eat Honey exceedingly, and immoderately, I let it go, now well knowing to what it owes its Birth, and what comes of its Seed laid upon Alder leaves, and Hatched by the heat of the Sun.   

Number 78. b. 
G. P 2. Tab. 30.   
The Catterpillar, Companion to the first, (and of which we said came of Butterflys Figured in the Table,) changed the 19 th'. a june. just as Figured of the change of the first.  
The 2 d. of july, came forth a wonderful Animal, without Wings, having the hinder part of its body very thick, and full of Eggs, and covered with a thin skin, so that the Eggs were almost visible through it, the Day after its Birth, it laid all its Eggs, and having that thin skin of its Tail, full of●Down or●Wool, like the leaves of Moth-Mullein, it p●ll'd of that Down, and covered its Eggs with it for security, and then when it had emptied itself, there was 〈◊〉 left, it but the forepart of its Body and Legs, and it appeared then much like a Spider: it lived fasting 18 Days. The very day that it Died the Eggs were hatched and the little Caterpillars crept about, I suffered them to provide food for themselves, not being willing to be troubled with the feeding of them, especially knowing what they would come to.  
Note that all that is related in the 1st. History, is agreeable to our observations, there being an Ichneumon from the Chrysalis, of an Eruca: also besides the By-birth, there is the Butterfly, viz. The genuine and Legitimate off spring.  
In the 2d. History, there are two things very singular▪ The First is the birth of a Monster, or a Butterfly, without Wings, this I say is no By-birth,, but a Monster in Nature, such as the birth of a Bird would he without Wings. The Second is yet more wonderful; that this she Monster should lay her Eggs (which thing is common to all the Butterfly kind as soon as horn) without the Copulation of a Male, and that (which is most remarkable) these Eggs should be Hatched, that is Proliffick, without the Male, (Vid. Ma●pigium de Bombyce) where one of the best observations in that piece is the change of colour in the Eggs, of such Females as have admitted the Male; and that such Eggs as are laid without the admittance of the Male, do not change into that colour, and are not Proliffi●ck; This I can affirm that I had a Butterfly which laid her Eggs in a Box, and that these Hatched therein after a certain time, but whether the Butterfly had admitted the Male before I took her, I cannot say.   

Number. 79. 
G. P. 1. Tab. 59   
The Catterpillar of the 79 th'. Table, feeds upon Plum-tree leaves, it is a wonderful Figure, on the back it has Four Yellowish Brushes, or Tufts of hair, out of the Forehead grow two other Tufts, like Snail horns, on each side are two other Tufts like Oars, the one Black, the other Yellow, on the hinder part of the Body they look like Feathers; but all is Hairy; it changes its skin with great anxiety, wiping its sweaty Body with the Fetherlike tufts: all the Day, after the shifting of its skin, it rests without food; and all its body is very tender and soft.  
After it had cleansed itself well, it change the 20 th'. of june, and abode in it until the 30 th'. of the same Month, and then came forth a wretched creature, neither Butterfly, nor Catterpillar: the reason of the defect was, that it abstained from meat before its time, its Body not being arrived to that perfection, requisite to its change.  
The Author's words must be favourably interpreted, for it is plain in the Table, that the Animal was a Butterfly; but as he w●ll notes a starved thing; many of which I have had, whose Wings were yet imperfect, or at least not in a condition to be expanded.   

Number. 80. 
G. P. 1. Tab. 36.   
The Catterpillar of the 80 th'. Table, is found about the Sand hills, along the Sea shore, where it feeds of various Herbs bu● I could not find one Herb that it would eat off: upon the back of it grows Five Bunches of hair, two upon the head like Horns, and one upon the Tail; and out of these Bunches grows some Hairs longer than the rest, as ornaments: I forthwith designed this Catterpillar, because it hastened to changed, making a web for itself of its own Hair.  
It changed the 10 th'. of july, and the 8 th'. of August came forth a Butterfly, which as soon as borne hid (as it were) its eyes with its fore feet, as not being yet able, to endure the light.   

Number. 81. 
G. P. 3. Tab. S.   
The Catterpillar, of the 81 st. Table, was taken in an Apricock tree: And sent to me from Bergenopsone, etc. After I received it, it would not feed, but changed the 7 th'. of October, 1664. And the 2 d. of May the year following came forth a grey Butterfly, which so covered with its Fore-feets the whole Head, that it was not to be seen. It seemed to be a Female from the heaviness and thicnesse of its body: It lived fasting 10 Days, and before it died, it laid many Eggs; but which for want of the Seed of the Male were not Faecund.  
How much this opinion, of Infaecond Eggs agrees with the Observation of the 78th. History, Let others judge.   

Number. 82. 
G. P. 1. Tab. 50.   
The Catterpillar, of the 28 th'. Table, feeds only of a certain Grass; it sleeps in the Day time, but i'th' night is in perpetual motion, it's very thirsty, when it drinks, it dipps its Head in the water, and lifting up the forepart of its body, it drinks like a Hen, often sipping.  
When it had cleansed itself, it changed the 7 th'. of june, and abode so until the 3 d. of july, and then came forth a Butterfly; a pretty big one, of a yellowish colour, marked with a red Line cross each Wing, as Figured in the Table.   

Number. 83.  
The Catterpillar of the 83 th'. Table, 
G. P. 3. Tab. G.  would eat nothing that I gave it; it is a slow goer, not unlike that slow paced Animal, well known to the West Indians, by the Name Haut: It was wont to wipe and cleanse its whole body, with a dark coloured Feather on its tail, and likewise defend itself with the same, if touched: It is very quiet, before its change; it changed the 2 d. of October, 1663.  
It composed itself for change thus: It first made a Net, round about its body, of its own juice; and within that Net another, yet less and of a finer thread; which touched not the outward Net, but hung like a Bell in it, and was so thick and compact that no body could see through it; and within this it changed.  
The second of May, 1664. Came forth a lusty White Butterfly, I st●uck him throw with a pin, that he might not Dissipate its excellent Whiteness, and so he lived 4 Days.   

Number. 84. 
G. P. 2. Tab. 50.   
The Ruf● Caterpillars, of the 84 th'. Table. Eats greedily the green leaves of the Artichoke plants; and when its belly is full, it creeps into the Earth.  
This Catterpillar put off its skin the 30 th'. of August: and fasted, until the Hair was grown again, and that it co●'d ea●; that is for four or five Days, sooner or latter.  
The 9 th'. of September, it changed, as is Figured in the Table.  
The 1 saint. of May the Year following, came forth a White Butterfly, 〈◊〉 never moved for two Days; but then grew wild and furious; and at length died for want of Food.   

Number. 85. 
G. P. 3. Tab. H.   
The Catterpillar, of the 85 th'. Table, eats Alder leaves; all its body is Rough and Hairy; if you touch these Hairs, it Vehemently strikes its Head with its Tail; in one Night it lost all its greenness, and became wholly Black: I could well see a change of colour with my Eyes; it shook the Hairs and moved them with a notable force, and clearly without changing at all its skin.  
It changed the 6 th'. of October, 1663. As is Figured in the Table.  
The 30 th'. of june, the Year following, came forth a duskish coloured Butterfly, marked with white spots, as is Figured in the Table: It lived until the 10 th'. of july.   

Number. 86. 
G. P. 3. Tab. D.   
This Catterpillar, of the 86 th'. Table. creeps swiftly from place to place, and eats almost any kind of Herbs, Tresoile, wild-time, Elm, and Willow leaves, and many others; and yet most other Caterpillars will starve before they will feed of any thing, but their ordinary food: For colour it was of a shining jet Black: if touched, it rolled itself up round like a Ball.  
It changed the 13 th'. of September, 1963. And the 25 th'. of May, the Year following, came forth a very beautiful White Butterfly, having its body distinguished, with three rows of Black Spots; it lay without motion.  
It is worth Noting, that from a Coal black Catterpillar that had no White, but about its mouth, there should be born a White Butterfly.  
From another of the same Species of Catterpillar, the 13 th'. of june, 1664. A Long Legged Fly came forth, which lived not above one Day.   

Number. 87. 
G. P. 1. Tab. 3.   
It changed the 6 th'. of june, and continued so 14 days, and then came forth a White Butterflies Figured in the Table.  
The Butterfly, laid its Seed after some Day's time, and lived, without food, 24 Days.   

Number. 88 
G. P. 1. Tab. 7.   
The Catterpillar of the 88 th'. Table, Feeds upon the leaves of Brambles and Oziers'.  
It changed the 13 th'. of june, and so remained until the 14 th'. of july, and then came forth a dark coloured Butterfly, Figured in the Table: It is of a brownish colour, upon each wing it has a round white spot; I found it dead after two Days, though it seemed to be of a strong nature.   

Number. 89. 
G. P. 1. T. 10.   
The Catterpillar of the 89 th'. Table, feeds of Sallow leaves; which are dry and astringent, and therefore it drinks much; which are singular to it; for almost all others eat green leaves, and drink not.  
It's birth is from a Ring of little Eggs, cleaving so Tenatiously to the tender twiggs of trees, that it can scarce be g●tten off, but with a Knife; these Eggs abide the sharpest Winters, and are h●tched by the heat of the Sun in the Spring, when the leaves put forth, that their meat may be ready for them, as soon as born.  
This Catterpillar changed the 2 d. of june, and continued so until the first of july; and then came forth a Butterfly Figured in the Table.  
It died after it had laid its Eggs; but the Eggs dried, for want of having been besprinkled with the Seed of the Male.  
Observe the Elegant Posture of the laying of the Eggs, of this Butterfly; in the fashion of a Ring, Circling a Twig; as for their being in faecu●d, for want of the Male, it agrees not with other, this Author's Observations, as is above noted.   

Number. 90. 
G. P. 1. Tab. 13.   
The Catterpillar, of the 90 th'. Table, feeds on Haw-thorn leaves, and Pear-tree leaves: As soon as Autumn comes, they gather together, and Club for a Web; for that purpose they knit together the tops of the yet tender boughs with their leaves; and therein preserve themselves, as soon as the weather is favourable to them, that is about the beginning of April, they begin to eat again; they leave a Hole open, out of which they may go and come in again; in cold weather they exactly shut that Hole: Rain never stands upon the web, but slides off, as though it was greasy: Titt-birds, eats them greedily.  
This Catterpillar, changed the 2 d. of june, and the 30 th'. of the same Month came forth a White Butterfly marked with a Red spot on each wing.   

Number. 91. b. 
G. P. 1. Tab. 13.   
The Catterpillar, of the 91 st. Table, eats Haw-tree, and Cherrytree leaves, etc. It is wont to lie under the shade of the leaves; as hardly enduring the heat of the Sun.  
Before it changed, it cast its skin thrice, each time, resting on elay until its Head hardened, for immediately after its skin casting, the Head, and all the Body is soft, and weak; and by little and little grows stronger and hardens.  
It changed the 12 th'. of june, enclosed in a Bag, as is Figured in the Table,: And the 4 th'. of july, came forth an elegant White Butterfly, Figured in the Table.   

Number. 92. 
G. P. 1. Tab. 22.   
The Catterpillar of the 92 d. Table, feeds on the leaves of Cherry, Pear, Plums, and Almond trees: I could never find the feed it came off: It is admirably beautiful in the variety of colours; when it is first Hatched, it is like a little Snail, moist, Glutinous and shining; than it waxes by little and little, until it casts it skin, and then appears its colour, and after that it again and again casts its skin.  
It changed the 22 d. of September, in leaves Knit together; and the 12 th'. of july, the Year following, came forth a Butterfly Figured in the Table,; it lived, but two Days, though it had laid 9 Months, and 20 Days in the change.   

Number. 93. 
G. P. 1. Tab. 23.   
T●e Catterpillar of the 83 d. Table, eats the leaves of Labrusca, (perhaps Bryonie) although with the smoke of that Herb Mice are said to be killed: They eat not, as I have experienced of the Herb, before its Berries come, and then they feed on the leaves until the Berries grow Red and fall off; and then the leaves seem no longer fit to nourish them,  
This Catterpillar, changed the 24 th'. of September; it continued in its change until the 13 th'. of june, the Year following, because Winter came on; and Flowers out of which Butterflies take their food, began to fail: the 13 th'. of june, I say came forth a Butterfly, a of Yellowish colour, Figured in the Table.  
Here the reason of the Noneruption of the Butterfly all winter is, well assigned, to be the want of Food, and the approaching cold.   

Number. 94. 
G. P. 1. Tab. 32.   
The Catterpillar, of the 94 th'. Table, We fed with Tobacco leaves only; and it loves those leaves, which are largest and dry; and the smaller moist, and tender leaves, in the Wings of the greater, he cares not for.  
He having cleansed his body, changed the 3 d. of August and the 17 th'. of the same Month came forth a beautiful Butterfly, which is wont to haunt Garden flowers; puts a long sting into them, and is swift of flight.  
This Butterfly is frequent in July, to be Observed when July Flowers are in their prime; but is dificult to be taken by reason of its sudden and swift flight.   

Number. 95. 
G. P. 1. Tab. 34.   
The Catterpillar of the 95 th'. Table, in great numbers ●at Ozier leaves, it is of an elagent colour, viz. Yellow distinguished with Black lines, as is Figured in the Table.  
It changed, the 8 th'. of August; and the Year following came forth a Butterfly, Figured in the Table. Of a Robust Body, and yet it lived but two days.  
Of this also see my Notes.   

Number. 96. 
G. P. 1. Tab. 38.   
The Catterpillar, of the 95 th'. Table, delights in Ozier leaves, as many others do; to me the reason seems to be the dry temper of them; which corrects the moisture of Caterpillars If touched, it coil's up its body, like a Ball; but you may put him out of that fearful fit.  
After it had well eaten, and well purged its body; it changed the 10 th'. of September; and the 10 th'. of june, the Year following, came forth a White Butterfly, marked with Black Spots upon the wings.   

Number. 97. 
G. P. 1. Tab. 63.   
The Catterpillar, of the 97 th'. Table, eats Rose leaves, and Clary: It changed the 20 th'. of july, as is Figured in the Table; the 2 d. of August, came forth a various coloured Butterfly, which I kept alive a while with honey.   

Number. 98. 
F. P. 1. Tab. 8.   
The Catterpillar of the 98 th'. Table, eats divers Plants, and are found upon the Sand-hills; it changed the 12 th'. of july, and the 5 th'. of September, came forth a Butterfly Figured in the Table: This Butterfly was tender and weak; which I took to proceed from the Caterpillars, being deprived too early of its food.  
We found this Catterpillar, on the Sandy Downs above Calais: See my Notes.   

Number 99 
G. P. 1. Tab. 17.   
The Catterpillar, of the 99 th'. Table: Willingly feeds on Lettuce and Clary leaves; it is very Harry, as soon as it perceives any thing unusual to it, it rowles i● self up, like a Ball, and moves not: It sets up its Bristles, like a Hedgehog; and if you take hold of its Hair, it easily suffers them to be plucked off.  
Sparrows, and other Birds eat not these Caterpillars; but seem to abhor them, whence some guess they are poisonous.  
It changed the 30 th'. of june; and the 22 d. of july, a large and beautiful Butterfly came forth marked with divers colours.  
These Butterflies lay their Eggs before winter; and because ●●he Catterpill●rs are hatched late, about October, they therefore hide themselves in the Ground, chinks of Walls, and in other places, and live without food, until the beginning of Summer, as I have had experience.   

Number. 100 
G. P. 2. Tab. 23.   
The Catterpillar, of the 100 Table, eats the leaves of Earth Nuts; with whi●h I kept him long: After his belly was fallen (perhaps for digestion sake) he ever crept long about the Glass, I kept him under.  
It changed the 3 d of August, as is Figured in the Table, the 2 d. of june, the Year following, came forth a ●Butterfly, to which I never saw the like; Its wings were as White as Snow, its Body Yellow, and bright; it flew swiftly; first cleansing its body of a certain humour; it died after 5 Days keeping under a Glass, where it seemed to have been stifled, for want of a free Air.   

Number. 101. 
G. P. 2. Tab. 26.   
The Hairy Catterpillar, of the 101 st. Table, eats willingly the leaves of Heliotropium, as its usual food: They fight amongst themselves desperately, and make the Hair Fly: They are very fearful, and roll themselves up when touched, sleeping Doggs-sleep.  
It changed as is Figured in the Table: The 10 th'. of September▪ in a bag of leaves knit together; the 10 th'. of june the year following, came forth a Butterfly; which seemed to sleep i'th' Day, but was very swift and nimble i'th' night, Bat like: I let it go, not knowing, how to keep it.   

Number. 102. 
G. P. 3. Tab. N.   
The Catterpillar of the 102 d. Table, having had its fill of Ozier leaves, betook itself to a corner for change, as I thought: But in stead of that I Observed a Green Worm, to break forth of each side its body; this was done with great anxiety, and contortion of its Body: The first Worm, as soon as borne, fastened upon the wound, it came out off, and sucked up all the juice, and substance of the Mother Catterpillar; so that nothing but skin was left: The other Worm through the firsts greediness, being destitute of all food, died in the wound, out of which it was coming: Whose body also, the Mother being evacuated, was consumed and drawn dry by the first Worm. This first Worm being now satisfied, with the Bodies of Mother and Brother, rested moveless, and without any other food, until the 15 th'. of October, 1664. And then changed into a Black Egg: The 18 th'. Day of May, the Year following, 1665. Came forth two Flies, One of of which is Figured: in the Table, in which History it is worth nothing: That of one Egg came two Flies; that by this means, the loss of two Worms, might be restored: Which as I said, did make up the body of one.  
Thus we have done with all the Histories of Butterflys, I find in all the industrious Labours of Joha●●is Goedartius: I should not question the truth of this last History, nor of the Faithfulness of the Translator. Mey being every where as modest, as the other is ●old and impertinent: I am willing to confess that this is the only puzzle which I have yet met with in all the experiments of the Author; yet it may be, that two Ichneumon Worms, might club for a common Foliculus; which he calls a Black Egg, as well as five, as in the 20th. History, above to be Noted. and yet that is, but a bare conjecture of mine, and which this History (to say the truth) does not countenanc; for it says, that one Worm only, was remaining alive, which changed, into this black Egg.  
Thus also you see the Butterfly kind, takes up near two thirds of the Book; but yet this was not the Author's choice, but his chance: which will appear, to him who shall consider that this kind of Insect, is for the most part laid, Hatched, and fed openly, and obviously upon Herbs, and Trees: whereas the nesting, education, and food of most other kinds of Infects, whilst in Embryo, and in their several disguises, is in dark and secret corners of the Rocks, or within Trees, and Plants, or under ground, or at the bottom of Lakes and Rivers: So that, unless diligently searched for, they are not easily to be found.    

Section. 4.  
Of Butterflys with Transparent wings, known by the name of Dragon Flies, in English.  
There is another kind of Insect, which the Ancients have left nameless: the more modern Authors, have called them Libellae, Perlae, etc. These Infects I reckon among the Butterflies, at least for some affinity betwizt them, I put them nex after them: they all have Four Wings, stifle, brittle, and Transparent; they are of a fierce nature, and pray upon Flies, which they take in s●ight, as Hawks do the little Birds: Some perhaps may think better to put them after or next the Beetles; because the Worms of both are Hexapod: our Order will e agree well enough with both; and it is sufficient that we do not confound them; as being a peculiar Tride of Infects of their own kind.  

Number. 103. 
G. P. 3. Tab. R.   
The Hexapode Worms, of the 103 d. Table, when first Hatched are very small, like Gnats; but in time grow great: They are found in Ditches, and have no other food, then that the greater feed upon the lesser; in a very short time I saw one of the three Large ones Figured in the Table, devower six Lesser ones of the same Species: Hence it is, that these creatures are wonderful timorous, for if a Lesser meet a Greater they fly a way with all the speed possible, but in vain.  
I find no more amo●ngst the Author's Papers, but that of one of the Hexapode worms Figured in the Table, a Sky colour Winged Infects; Figured also in the Table, was Produced; but I find not any one circumstance of the matter of the Change.   

Number. 104. 
G. P. 2. Tab. 14.   
The Hexapode worm of the 104 th'. Table would not eat neither Bread nor Meal, nor Sugar, nor divers Herbs which I set before it: Nor would drink water: I then bethought myself of giving it to eat dead Pismierss Bee●les, and other dead Infects; I therefore put it up with a dead Beetle, into an Ivory Box, having learned by experience, that these kind of Infects will perforate Wooden boxes; this Beetle it fed on eating out all its bowels, and creeping into the shell of the Beetle; wherein it would conveniently turn itself about every way: This Worm is slow footed: it's an angry creature, and bold; keeping its station, unless you vex it overmuch: It hath a painted Tail, which is shining, with which it defends itself, that it cannot give back, and then it contracts its body, and with its toothed Forcipes, it strongly defends itself, against any violence done to it.  
This Worm lay in the body of the Beetle, it had fed on, from the 18 th'. of August, until the 8 th'. of june, the Year following; then out came a winged Insect, beautiful, and elegant. The wings were very remarkable, but so tender, that I could scarce draw them with a Pencil, and shining bright as Mother of Pearl. It's two eyes glistered like Gold; its body was of a Sea-green colour.  
He flew with his head erected, and the rest of his body hanging downwards, with his wings spread, but not agitated; which perhaps he could scarce do, as I guess from the bigness of them, but was carried by the Wings through the Air, he lived but two Days fasting, for I knew not what to feed it with.    

Section. 5. of Bees  
In the 5th. SECTION, we put the Bee-kind, which have (as all the former Infects) Four Naked Wing.  

Number. 105. 
G. P. 2. Tab. 46.   
You have one of the great sort of Bees, (called Bombili●, by the Greek) Figured in the 106 th'. Table.  
This Bee chooses mostly a deep and dry soil; to house in; not a stiff Clay, which would not easily be wrought into; nor one two light, and Sandy, which would be apt to fall in: also a deep soil they love, that the water may not soak through, and trouble them.  
In such an earth they dig holes, to breed in; sometimes three, and sometimes three foot and a half deep, and a foot square within: into these holes they carry fine, and dry Grass, and cover that over with Wax,, no otherwise then Swallows coat their Nests with Clay; but these Bees make their Nests Transparent, and full of holes; and do coat them over, very neatly, with cover made of Wax; that they may be safe from Rain; which might otherwise soak through the Earth and get into them.  
In this Nest they make a Theca, or small Cell, like the half of an Egg, and the bigness of a Pea, divided in 2. parts.  
Every Bee lay 9 little Worms in this Theca, or Cell, of the bigness of a Mustard seed, but as white as milk, and Pell●●●d. Then they shut up this Theca, that it may be like a complete Egg: This Cell now to the Sense is moderately hot, as an Egg sat on by a Hen.  
I Observed the lesser Bees often to creep over, and about this Theca, or Cell; as though they had a mind to keep it warm, and so hatch it; and again I saw them scratch it, as though they would make a crack or opening in it; but they made it softer by scratching it.  
The Worms included in this Egg-like Cell, daily grew biger and biger; in the mean time the lesser Bees did not cease their endeavours to hatch it, nor did they leave it off, until it was broke asunder; also the Worms within by the continual agitation and motion of themselves, did help forwards, this work of breaking it open; and they growing; the heat also increased, which made the Wax yet more soft.  
The Worms hatched from this Egg or Theca lay quiet a whole Day, and then the great or Old Bee coming, devowered all the Wax, of which the Theca was made, and in which these Worms were included; that this Wax being again liquified in her body, might serve, as the material, of another Theca.  
Now when these Worms (thus hatched out of the first Theca) have lain a whole Day, quiet without moving at all, and l●ke dead things, they wove each for himself an Egg, of the bigness of a Bay-berry, of a certain spittle, destilling from their mouth, and body.  
And being now made, they are indeed, moist and soft; but in time they dry and become hard.  
These Eggs are all glued together in a Bunch by these Worms; and out of each Egg comes a Bee, as is Figured in the Table; where the Eggs or Foliculi is opened at one end, that the Bee may be seen, which comes of the Worm, Figured also in the Table;  
This done the Great Bee comes again, and makes a new Egg; and puts therein 5 Worms of her own laying, and then a nother Be does the like, and 3 d Bee, and so the rest follow, doing in like manner; until all the work be finished and made like a bunch of Grapes, in form and Figure.  
And yet whether one and the same Be perfect this work, and lay Worms in all the Theca's, or Cells of the Bunch; or whether they are divers, and many Bees, at this work, making, and filling the Theca's, with Worms, we are not certain; but we judge it likely, that one and the same Bee requires the making of the whole bunch of Theca's; and fills them with her Worms only, for with these Eyes we have seen one Bee, which alone laid 33. Worms, and put them into the Theca's. This is also Observabe, every Bee in the making of every Egg, is bu●ied, before that be finished, for 28 hours in a continued labonr almost, yet some get their work done sooner, others later a little, as it is with Work men, which are more handy some than others.  
The Worm Figured in the Table, changed, the 11 th'. of july, and so continued, until the 17 th'. of August, when it appeared in form of the Bee, Figured in the Table. when these Young Bees have, by biteing, opened the Wax cases, and are come forth of them, they are wont to rub their Eyes, with their foremost feet, and by this means of rubbing, they seem to open their Eyes, or at least to rouse themselves from sleep; in the fore part of their body, they are W●ite, Yellowish also, and Black, their wings lie upon their backs, and are not yet expanded, and they are moist; but are soon dry, by the Air; that in a quarter of an hour, they can expand, and extend them.  
These little Bees, new hatched, are not yet fit for work; but yet they cove● to get up into the open air; but are a hindrance to the greater Bees, which are busily employed, who therefore drive them down, as often as they come up; also they run too and fro, as though they were drunk, after three Days that they have been hatched, than they are able to carry Earth, to the nests, which the old Bees Arch over, with Earth heaped together, which Hollow Arch, they draw over with a coat of Wax, as Brick layers Servants carry Mortar, and Bricks with which they build Walls: In like manner, these Young Bees serve the Old ones; but they do not carry Earth forwards; but like Hens scratch it backwards, and those Young Bees which were first hatched and are elder than the rest, are employed about the more master-like works; for they make Wax, dig holes, and Arch them; the Younger getting Earth; The elder eat Wax and soften it in their stomaches, and throw it up again, by little and little Liqui●ied; and of this Liquid Wax and Earth mixed together, they make Nests; not unlike Swallows, and finish their work with theirfore Feet complicated, and the Younger help them in bringing and ramming the Earth.  
This commonality also has its Kings or Captain as the Noble Bees, by whom they are governed, and this Bombylius or Master Bee is very old, and in body Greater, than the rest, like as the King of the little Bees does excel the rest in magnitude, and show: But this is destitute of Wings and Hair, where the rest abound, with White, Yellow, and Black Hair, and are rough; this is altogether Bald, like naked Birds, or as is painted on the back part of the Head; moreover he is Black and shining, as Polished Ebony; sometimes he comes to look upon the Works in which the Commonality is busied, and to explore whether they are made of a just measure, as well Latitude, as Altitude, conveniently creeping into the Nest, and creeping out; Ascending, and Descending, he does seem, to measure as Architects are wont to take an exact account of the work, which the Workmen make: the less Bees when they meet this Old Bee, do not exhibit a little honour to him, as to the King; they do run about him every way; they struck him once and again; in the mean time playing with their wings expanded, embracing him with the Anteriour ●eet, as with arms, even as we gratulate him we meet, therefore the Bees are an example to us, of giving honour to old men.  
When this Captain Bombylius has explored whether the work answers the Rule; he doth descend into the Latibulum, and every one of the younger does anew set upon each his work.  
In the Morning these come late to the work, and unless these little creatures, which daily in the morning creep upon them and about them, did not excite them, they would come later.  
They have also amongst them another Bombilius, who like the Drummer, does beat to the Soldiers, to come to the Guards, or to move the Camp, or to March, or to Fight with the sound of the Drum, so also does he excite them to work.  
This about 7 a Clock i'th' morning, does ascend to the top of the work, to be built, and with the half of his body, looking out of the hole, doth vibrate and agitate his wings, and by the benefit of them, doth excite a streperous noise in the hollow Latibulum, not unlike the noise of a Drum, which mostly is heard a whole quarter of an hour.  
ay, an expert person, and an Ear witness, do commemorate these things; Yea and an Eye witness, and together with Me, many others have heart it more than once, the Vibrating and Streperous wings of that Drummer of the Bombilii: I say, Persons, which for the hearing of this curiosity have visited me.  
Be●ides, and to these, there is one that doth Watch, for when sometimes I did beat the nest, this Forth with did ascend out of the Latibulum, as one struck and astonished, and did Discurre every where, as one that did explore what matter was without: but suboderating no danger, again he soon descended. More than once I have with admiration seen that. Sometimes also, I have put upon the stick, a Domestic Bee; but having spied this, forthwith out he came, and snatched the Bee as one in wroth, and left it not, till it was killed.  
Furthermore I have found these Bombilii, to coat with Wax the Cells, out of which their fellow Bees had gone, to fill t●en with honey; to seal them up with Wax, lest the Thiefs entering into them, should waste the Honey. For amongst these are to be found idle Drone●, Thiefs and s●ow Bombilii: Yet we have seen those, with the rest going abroad to collect Honey, did make a show to fly out with them, but they did not go out of the Chamber, in which I did keep them; but did only fly a few rounds, and that being done they did return into one of the Glass bottles: (For I hadplaced two in the Chamber) in the which they had built their Combs: And each one returned into the Bottle out of which they came ●orth; when the rest flew out into the Fields, and Meadows, and afterwards did return home, some laden with Honey, others with Wax, and some with Water, these Drones did return empty into the Hives: and moreover did devour the Combs made by others, and the Honey gathered for winter.  
These are the idle Cattle which do not employ themselves in the gathering of Honey; but do consume the aliments gotten together, by their fellows, concerning which the Ancients have said much, etc.  
Perhaps you will ask what was the end of this Old Bombylius, which I did think to be the King or Captain: Him I saw near dying early i'th' morning before the Drummer did Vibrate, as he was wont, his wings, and did excite a noise to them, creeping out of the House: But wholly horrid and Trembling in body; hither come, as it were tired, he lay down and without Convultion of the feet, sweetly did expire; neither did that seem a wonder to me, for his feet were long since numbed with Old age.  
The King being dead, the number of the other Bomb●lii, did daily decrease, at last I did see a Bombylius creeping out of the Cmbs, whose Head was plucked from the shoulders: A body without a name.  
I beheld this Trunk palpitating, and lying alive two Days, and then expiring, hence it was easy to guess, all things within to be troubled and done inordinately and ill, and the Bombylii to do as they list, and to fight fiercely the King being dead; for from that time the Drummer beat not any more, as he was wont, the King being alive.  
It is also worth admiration, about the birth of these Bombylii from one Old Bee of this kind, when he does compose himself to propagate his Specis, Sometimes to come a Hundred and Twenty Worms, yet sometimes fewer, and sometimes more; but one only sometimes, to have bred at once, there are many Eye witnesses besideds myself, who have wondered, one of these little Bees to be so fruitful, as to be able to constitute a Bee Kingdom, and an entire swarm.    

Section. 6. of Beetles.  

Number. 106. 
G. P. 2. Tab. 5●▪   
Betwixt the bark and the body of an Oak, growing in the Island Wallacria in our Zealand, I found this Worm boaring it; though soft, knew how by the benefit of a peculiar organ, as with a wimble to perforate a very hard wood; and this kind of Worms use their mouth, out of which a sharp and hard Instrument doth stick for a Wimble. Also they are not a little strong, in protracting the hinder part of the body to the head wards: Moreover they do affix the Podex in the excrements, and so they are placed betwixt the Wood and excrements, as it were squeezed in a Press; so that they may force with their mouth and boar, and in this posture they do pre●orate the Oak, and do live of the marrow and fattish matter, which they boar out. Being fed to satiety, they do extend themselves strait, when he Ventricle has done its office, they do exonerate the belly, and at the same time they do, by little and little, more and more contract the body, and draw it up, as much as may be; so that always the voided excrement is found very close to the body: And so pressed they force into the wood.  
This did give itself to Transmutation, the 28 th'. of October, placed upon the bark of the Oak, on which I had found it sitting, together with many other little ones; yet I judging it alive (for I saw them wag frequently) the▪ Year following the 13 th'. of january, it did produce an odd Animal, of a Hoairy colour, variegated with black spots; but yet stout and fierce; in the Forehead, it was Armed with Horns, which it did draw back, when it was angry or did move forwards; but did join them, when pleased; did not suffer itself to be in it closed in a wooden box, for it did throughly bite into the wood, and that quickly, and so broke out, and ●o did she● from what kind it sprang; for I could not explore of what aliment it did live, and therefore could not keep it alive, but I suffered it to starve.   

Number. 107. b. 
G. P. 1. Tab. 66.   
The Worms of Table. 107. b. are most bitter enemies of Caterpillars: The fore part of the body has two open claws; whichshut and open like Pincers; by these claws they pinch the bellies of Caterpillars, and hang upon them; the Caterpillars feeling the pain of the wound, do move and agitate the body every way, that they may free themselves: In the mean time the Worm, like one dead, the body being extended, doth quiesce without motion, and by how much more the Catterpillar doth move, and toss; by so much more is it hurt, and the belly is burst; after that the Worm has let go, the wound doth forthwith swell, which seems to indicate a venom.  
This Worm, well armed by nature, is Yellow; and of a splendid colour: it cannot easily be hurt of the Caterpillars; it cannot live above gro●nd above two Days.  
I put upon the ground one of the Worms described almost dead; which forth with recovering spirit, penetrated by boaring the ground.  
In winter time diging, I found one of these Worms, the Ground being Frozen, above two foot deep, (they easily abide cold,) together with a certain Bee, which I placed near the Worm, that I might observe how they agreed.  
The Worm, forthwith set upon the Bee, and took hold of his head with his Pincers, and so long agitated, until the Bee very much tired, did endeavour to get away; but his wings being frozen, could not.  
A little battle I saw at the same time betwixt a Bee and a Catterpillar; which I had then also dug out of the Ground.   

Number. 107. a. 
G. P. 2. Tab. 19▪   
The two Worms expressed in the Table, are plainly of the same nature, and cast upon the fire, do conslagrate like Oil.  
Now I shall relate the Metamorphosis of them.  
One of the Worms, when he lay still for Transformation, it was the 2 d. of june, and he continued in that posture till the 24 th'. of September, in which posture he is expressed in the Table.  
But that same day he brouhgt forth an Animal, like to a Chrysalis: as that Worm had a pair of Pincers, so this Animal was in like manner armed with Pincers, very pernicious, for with them he pierces and breaks the Eggs of Ants, and Gryllotalpae; wherever he finds them: He is equally as malicious, as the Worm, from which he is changed: Also he fiercely fights with his like; and especially after three Days hunger; for than he fights most stoutly with his Princes, etc.  
When you do cast him Ants or Gryllotalpae's Egg; forthwith he doth Exuge them boared through with his beak.  
As this Animal is an enemy, to all Infects, and does endeavour to devour them; So also it has its enemies and indeed very Infest; to wit, the Gryllotalpae, for these every where near their nest, make covered Burrows in which they do wait in Ambush, and observe which they may devour. As these are wont to kill Caterpillars, so to them is returned, what they have given to others: Yea as these have treated the Gryllotalpae, not yet excluded and hidden in the Eggs; so also the adult Gryllotalpae, do treat these, and prevail over them.  
These Worms are two years old, when they change; neither do they change the Hackle: But when they change form, than Snake like they put off the Skin, and grow Whitish; and also on each side the beginning of the wings is then beheld to come forth, but the Head and Feet obtected with a certain thin membrane, or skin, which by little and little doth excresce with the Feet, and at length doth fall off.  
And this membrane doth seem only given to them for the conservation of their members, when they are in the state of Transformation; and now when these Worms are plainly Transmuted as dead, yea void of all motion, they lie upon the ground fixed, and there appears no ●igne of life in them.   

Number. 108. 
G. P. 1. Tab. 6.   
The Worm represented in Table 108. Was bred from the sweet Root called Skirrets.  
In the same Root in which it was bred, it composed itself for change the 9 th'. of August, and the 25 th'. of the same month came forth a Black creature depicted in the Table: it is of a slow gate, as the Worm from which it was bred, when this little beast was first seen, it was covered with a Yellowish colour very pale; the Forepart was Reddish, but afterwards it became exactly Yellow, and then of an Amber colour; and at length elegantly Black.  
I kept him alive some Days with sweet juices.   

Number. 109. 
G. P. 3. Tab. M.   
This Species of Tcredo is wont to be found while yet it is little, betwixt the Bark, and the Okewood, or also in the very Bark; and there it is procreated of Seed; but now having got more strength, it does boar into entire Trees; by its most sharp mouth, and doth infer great damage to them: it doth seem a wonder, or at least worth the Observation, a worm so soft, little, and tender, to penetrate so great and most hard trees, and boaring the trees does follow after the fat, and oleaginous juice with which it is Nourished.  
It is necessary that the Anteriour parts of the Mouth, to be not only hard, but also subtle, and sharp; by which they may penetrate to the intimate parts of the Trees, and to comminute their substance, although wood, and most hard, into a most fine Powder; which in every Species of Teredo may be observed.  
It composed itself to change the 10 th'. of November, 1663. And the 6 th'. of April, the Year following 1664. the Red creature presented itself to our Eyes designed in this Table.  
I kept it alive with Sugar until the 5 th'. of May.   

Number. 110. 
G. P. 1. Tab. 79.   
The Worm, of the 110 th'. Table, was brought in a certain Ship from New Zealand, in the West Indies, into this Country.  
I found it in the bark of wood, of which Chests are wont to be made, in which is wont to be brought Sugar, out of the Indies; from that bark it hath its Original, and doth seek nourishment; it began to undergo the change the, 7 th'. of September, and remained in it to the 19 th'. of October, and at that time changed the skin; and with the skin the shape; by little and little, the colour, members and all the rest.  
The manner of the change (as I Observed it) I have set forth in the Table, and at length, the Transformation being completed, an Insect, (perhaps never seen in these Regions) came forth, of a wonderful structure and shape, much unlike to the first which it had; which I have also delineated exactly.   

Number. 111. 
G. P. 1. Tab. 78.   
The Worm, of the 111 th'. Table, is in Dutch called the Corn Worm; because it consumes the roots of Corn; it is ●ound also in Gardens and Orchards.  
I took this Worm the 22 d. of August, 1659. And I kept it a whole Year in a Glass bottle, with Earth put in the bottom: To which I injected the seed of Henbite, with a White flower. (for there is another Herb of that name with Purple flowers) and I observed in the evening the Worm to be wont to come forth, up from the bottom of the Bottle, that it might feed upon the Herb, and Flower, before described; this being done, again it hid itself within the Earth; for never or very seldom, it does appear, in the Day time, above ground.  
After the Worms of this kind have eaten enough, and have come to the just Magnitude of body, they seek high places; that they may safely quiesce, and that they may pleasingly compose themselves to Transformation, which they expect.  
This Worm seems to come from the seed of those Beetles, which eat the leaves of trees, and which is very frequent in Holland upon the tops of Trees in May, for then their nourishment every where abounds.  
This kind is wont to stay above ground two whole Months, or a little more, the rest of the Months of the Year, it lies hid under ground and useth no nourishment; like to a dead thing, and it does always, unmoved, plainly quiesce; but touched with a hot hand, or otherwise, it forthwith stirs; as I have often tried. And this also of this kind of Beetle, never to be found two or more joined under ground; but always Solitary.  
Before the Worms hither to described, were transformed into Beetles, they had lived over the forth Year.  
The Worm of this Table, did begin to change its form on the 3 d of September, 1658. and I have described the manner of it ' s Transmutation; and in May, 1659. from that came a Beetle deplcted also.  
It lives long, provided it be not starved; for want of food; or through the vehemence of the cold.   

Number. 112. 
G. P. 2. Tab. 18.   
This Kind of Worm, I found creeping upon Greencorne; and in vain have sought it other where: They are pernicious creatures, for they eat the green Ears or Sheathing of Wheat: They swiftly ascend, and descend, as soon as they perceive the Corn to be touched with a Stick or the Hand, (The like is above noted of an Eruca) forthwith they cast themselves upon the ground, be they little or greater; the less swiftlier, than the greater; for that these are not so Tenacious of the Corn as those, which are Armed in the hinder parts with Clikers, by the help of which, they hold hard upon the Corn; being fallen upon the ground they creep into it, and lie hid under it.  
One of these, affixed to a stalk of wheat, being about to change into a new form, the 22 d. of july, as is depicted. On the 8 th'. of August, came forth an Animal very thirsty, for as soon, as it came forth, it drunk much, and often.  
I learned by experience, (and all that I have writ I have proved so) this Animal may very long be kept alive with water, and Sugar; but destitute of water; it lives not above four or five Days.   

Number. 113. 
G. P. 2. Tab. 15.   
These Animals for the Elegancy of them, are called Lady-clocks; they owe their Original to the Seed which their Parents shed and put upon the Curran-bush leaves; and which the heat of the Sun hatches.  
These Eggs like seeds laid close in a round, as loaves in an Oven, the 20 of May, first did look black: But the 29 th'. of May, did grow greenish at the bottom; and the Second of june, every one of these Eggs, had a black spot, or point in the middle; and the 5 th'. of the same month, Animals were hatched out of these Eggs; partly yellowish, and partly black; in which no touch of life did appear, unless breathed on, than they moved, or rolled, to and fro.  
But the 6 th'. of june, when now their feet are grown, and hardened with the benefit of the air, they creep about; then run about; but about evening, and when the air was cooler, they run together, and kept close; either for company, or for heating one another; and in this situation, and posture, they remained till 16 i'th' Morning of the day following; then every one set out to seek food, and that, the dew which useth to fall upon the leaves from the sky, and endued with a peculiar force of Aliment, well known to those, and other Infects, for food; for they feed on it, etc. About the 13 th'. of june, these Infects did put off their skins, Serpent like; which being done, they are Yellowish and Blackish.  
The Day after, viz. The 14 th'. or about it, they change form another time, and colour, so as to grow Yellow and Reddish.  
They begin the 3 d. change, two Days after the Second change, in that very posture, and with a Black and Red colour.  
The 4 th'. Transmutation they are wont to undergo, ●he 3 d. Day after the 3 d. Metamorphosis.  
And this is the last change which they suffer, and by it they get their last skin, partly Black and Red, and where it is Red, variegated with Black spots, or points, as is depicted.  
'tis worth the noting, as often at they cast their skin, they fix their feet fast to the Leaf or Paper, they chance to be on, and when they have fixed them, they creep out of the skin, and leave it standing so, that seeing of it, you would say it was verily one of those Animals standing, etc.  
I sustained these Creatures for some time with dew, collected before Sun-rise from the Curran-bush leaves, until I saw them to have attained to their full Magnitude, and perfection, nor to make any further change, and then I set them at liberty to provide for themselves.   

Number. 114. 
G. P. 2. Tab. 41   
With this sort of Worm, Skins and all things made of skins, are much infestd.  
This I found upon the Feathers of the dried body of a Duck, eating the fat and skin thereof, and perhaps they are bred of it, because they feed of it, as many Infects exist from that, with which they are nourished, as the Philosophers Write. They creep very swiftly, as soon as they perceive any thing, which may trouble them; they hide themselves forthwith under the Feathers, so that they may not easily be found.  
This deserves Admiration, these Worms to cast 10 Skins, before they change; and as oft to cleanse, as they cast their skins.  
Their Excrement is like a slender Thread twisted, yet firmly compacted, a Span long, and which may be extended, for it is Viscons, and hard to break, and under dirt, they are wont to lie hid.  
I tried this Worm to have fed, from the 10 th'. of june, to the first of September, when it did desist from eating, it began its Transmutation, as is depicted Number 114. and the 20 th'. of October, to have bred first a Hair coloured Animal; which then put on a Red, and lastly a Black colour. which was Yellowish, in the middle of the body.  
You may keep these Anmalls, as long as you please if you give them Walnuts to feed on; but take their ●ood from them, and they live not above four days.  
No Infects are so fearfnll as these are, for let them have the least perceivance of any thing, that may hurt them, and they presently counterfeit themselves dead for fear of being killed; and indeed, it is so with all kind of Animals, who naturally fly things hurtful.  
Another Worm of this kind I fed, not unlike in colour to the other, Figured in the same Table.  
Which the 3 d. of September, composed itself for change, in the Figure depicted, it remained in that state to the 20 th'. of November, on which day it boar Twins a Male ou● of the right, and a Fe-male out of the left side.  
But you'll ask, how knew you to distinguish Male and Fe-male? I answer, both these within a quarter of an hour after their birth copulated, and showed me which was Ma●e, and which Fe-male.  
The Male was longer, and slenderer, than the Fe male; which was shorter and rounder, the one delighted in the others company exceedingly; but I let them go together at liberty into the Fields.  
I was an eye witness of this secret of Nature, from one and the same Species, two specifically different Animals to have been bred, from the one, One; and from the other two a Male and a Fe-male; I saw this Transmutation with my own Eyes, and coul'd not find the reason of it.   

Number. 115. 
G. P. 2. Tab. 10.   
I find by Accurate search, that about the middle of june, a Greasy and Fat substance doth drop out of, both the upper, and the under side of the leaves of Moth-mullen. Sometimes sooner, sometimes later; but the 15 th'. of june, I found out this thing.  
This fat juice did become a living Animal, the 20 th'. of june, to wit, a little Worm; which was in the middle of the Body pellucid, like water; was of a Saphire colour, Greenish, which slowly and gently was agitated by the Sun's heat; but the 24 th'. of june, it became of a Yellowish colour, and the 27 th'. of the same Month, I did distinctly see on the hinder part of the Body, which was Yellowish, 32 Black spots, and forwards on the body 8 more.  
These Animals feed of the down only growing on the leaves of Mullen; and this wool, or down mixed with Venice Turpentine, and used by way of suffumigation in smoke, cures the Piles; which I have tried.  
This little Animal did give itself to change, the 30 th'. of june, the same Year; but because nothing particularly came from it, I have not depicted the form of the Sheath, or Chrysalis; for only after it had given itself to rest, it grew in its roundness, as though it would change, and the 8 th'. of August, it did creep out of its skin, as out of its Shell, Yellowish distinguished with Black spots, and round in Figure.  
It is worth observing, that these Creatures, when they first grow Yellow, ever before they have feet, are besieged by their enemies; and they are certain little Spiders; which are of the same colour with them, and bigness; and without doubt, deceive them, upon the likeness of them.  
These Spiders are bred of the same Leaf with them.  
Moreover there is another Creature of a Black colour with Pincers in his Forehead, which he opens and shuts, as he lists; with which he kills these Worms, and Spiders: This also I guess is bred from the same Leaf, etc.  
All of them feed of the Down growing upon Mullen.   

Number. 116. 
G. P. 1. Tab. 43.   
This little Animal feeds on a Thistle.  
He began to be Transformed the 9 th'. of july: The manner of the change is depicted, for its singular elegancy; The upper part represent the Figure of an Imperial Crown, under which the Image of a humane Face offers itself: In the middle you have the Image of some ensign.  
The state of that Transformation continued in this manner 12. Days; after that appeared a great Animal, having six Feet; which also I painted.   

Number. 117. 
G. P. 1. Tab. 44.   
This Worm is not much unlike the former; Melissa Yields it aliment; whose juice drunk with Wine, is believed, to mitigate the pain of the Stone.  
In creeping appears, near thee xtream parts of the Body, a thin skin; which does seem to refrigerate it by conti●ualy fanning it.  
It began to change the 7 th'. of june, and after 10 Days it received the form of the Insect, depicted.   

Number. 118. 
G. P. 1. Tab. 45.   
The Worms depicted in the 118 Table, I found upon the leaves of the Willow, in a certain order; as it were, disposed in Battle Array, and with the bodies erected.  
And when they had come to their just Magnitude, their bodies being inclined, they began to eat, and to abrade the tender particles of the leaves, so that nothing was remaining, besides a certain dried skin.  
They appear Yellow in the beginning, afterwards they become black.  
They composed themselves for change, the 7 th'. of june, and the 18 th'. day of the same month appeared the Animals depicted.  
These Animals have a certain glue, near the Tail; by wh●ch they do adhere to all things so Tenaciously, that they can scarce be shaked of.   

Number. 119. 
G. P. ●1. Tab. ●6.   
For Gryllotalpae or Field Crickets, I know them by many experiments to be very rebust, and of a firm life.  
I cut off the head of one of them; which after 2 days was wholly eaten by another Field Cricket: only 2 little Nerves being left, yet the head lived 12 hours after.  
I hanged another Field Cricket by a string in the heat of the Sun, so that it became wholly Black: yet it died not, before the 7 th'. day.  
They are very ingenious in building their nest: for that end, they do elect a certain Glebe of earth firm and Tenacious: and therein they make themselves a hole to go in and out at; within they make a great cavity, in the which they depose more than 100 Sometime 150. eggs.  
This being done: ●he hole of the ingress they accurately shut up, and they strengthen the Glebe as much, as may be; for that being broken, all the eggs perish, and are consumed of certain Black Flies; which lie hid under ground; therefore they are very anxious and solicitous of conserving, and making firm this Glebe; therefore they perpare for themselves a certain subteraneous Ductu●, round about the Glebe, that they may go round about this Glebe, and preserve it: besides, about this Glebe they have other holes, and hiding places; whither in time of necessity they may Fly.  
Again, they know how to raise up their nests, by a wonderful industry, in a hot and dry season, that they may almost touch the superficies of the earth: that by so much the better and sooner, the eggs may be cherished with the heat of the Sun, and hatch; on the contrary, the air inclining to cold and humidity, they do sink lower into ground their nests.  
I have observed also the Field Crickets to have wings, but not to fly: but for ornament; that with them they may cover, and preserve the very tender hinder part of the body.  
In the Island Wallachia of Zealand, there are many Field Crickets, and they do much hurt to the young and tender corn, which they sa● in two with their mouth and cut the roots.  
The gardiner's, that they may remove them, put into the ground little pots, that the upper lips may be equal with the superficies of the ground, the Field Crickets falling into these cannot get out.  
Or their nests are to be broken, and the eggs spoiled   

Number. 120. a. 
G. P. 2. Tab. 42.   
The Animal depicted in the 120 th'. Table, a. is ugly. Beetle-like, and mostly lies hid underground; it has no wings, it feeds of the leaves of Anemone, or the garden Ranunoulus.  
This I put into a Big Glass, the 5 th'. of May, filled with new earth; the 11 th'. of the same month it thrust itself, wi●h the hinder part of the body into the earth; at first I did not observe that hole was by it, but takeing it out, I made all plain again.  
The next time I looked at it, I observed, that it had thrust its body again into the earth, and I took it out again; but the 3 d. time seeing it again in the hole, I let it a●o●e, & did observe not-a-few Eggs; which it had laid in the hole, Yellowish Eggs, like grains of Sand, thick compacted, as in the Table, they are depicted. When this Animal had laid its seed, it was as little again, as it had been, just before; for it could scarce draw its loaden and big body, and now it became more Agile, and eat more meat, and greedilier, than before: also in a night, the hinder part of the body was extremely shrunk up, and shortened by the half; it slept at the least 1● hours daily, as oft as it awaked, it devoured its usual food, which I gave it, greedily.  
And the 2 d. of june, I found it again crept with the hinder part of the body into the earth, continually beating the earth therewith, that it might more easily lay its seed etc.  
After this manner it placed its seed upon the earth the 2 d. time, in the same form as the first; but that being done, it lived not long after; for when the leaves of Anemony did wither, it died with hunger, without doubt.  
From the seed of this Animal, which was first laid, many very little Worms were hatched, not thicker, than horsehairs: But the 21 th'. of june, the crept swiftly, and were as big as Mustardseed, had six feet and 2 ho●●s.  
The greatest part of these Worms being numbered, I found them above Two Thousand: but I believe there were 3 Thousand.  
The seed which it laid the Second time, the 29 of june produced also many Worms, just like the former; but not so many in number, to satisfy my curiosity, I took them up on my Pencil point, a little wetted, one by one, and put them into a glass, and thus I counted 906. but many I lost in the telling.  
I took great pains to find out a grateful food for these Worms; but to little purpose, I gave them honey, dead earth Worms, Ants Eggs, Sugar, Bread, divers green herbs; but I could not bring them up to a just bigness with all these.  
But by means of a Microscope, I Painted to the life one of them, in the form you see it in the Table.  
This and others I kept alive, and found that yearly they changed colour▪ the 2 d. year brownish, the 3 d. year black.  
And thus much for the female Beetle I shall observe something of the Male of this kind.   

Number. 120. b. 
G. P. 1. Tab. 74.   
I found the Worm expressed in this Table, b. under an Iron Pot: it is fierce, and devours all other Worms, even those that are wont to eat Caterpillars: I put him (for the experiment sake,) with 4 other Worms, such as are wont to devour Catterpilears, into a China-Cup, he forthwith snatched one of them up with his Pincers, and sucked out all his Juice, and although the Yellow Worm, did much Strive to get away; yet this kept fast hold, till he had killed them all.   

Number. 120. ●. 
G. P. 1. Tab. 17.   
Also again I noted about the Female of this Species in the Table. c. that it was of a slow motion, and crept, and rested by turns. It is wont to live in the dark underground, and also above ground in obscure places.  
It is nourished with Worms only that it finds, and devours, it tears open the belly of the Worm it kills, and sucks the guts, and eats them, lifting up its head, and now and then settling its feet upon the body of the Worm: I have observed the guts of the Yellow Worms, which it had plucked out, to have the thickness of the hair of a man's head, now when it is full, it sleeps 5 hours, without any motion; and drawing its head almost under its body, it lies upon a side.  
And because this Beetle is of a very slow motion, and lives not, but of other Worms, it has wings; these wings are as long as its body, and yet do not appear, or can be seen, unless it produce them; so accuratly are they rolled up and folded, and thus hid, are not dirtied, and marred by creeping underground.    

Section. 7. OF GRASSHOPPERS.  

Number. 121. 
G. P 2. Tab. 40.   
Many years I desired to konws, whence Grasshoppers were bred, and did use muchdiligence in the matter.  
I have had 40. years' experience, and do attest the Grasshopper depicted, in the 121 Table, yearly to be found, the months of November, and Dec●meber. in our Island of Zealand, about old Lime-trees, and to live for some time of a certain humour they suck from these trees.  
For winter coming on, they all die which come from this Lime-tree, and it seems proable, they must desert those Trees; because they afford them no longer nourishment.  
Whilst they are Worms, they live of and in the wood of the Lime-tree; but when they become Grasshoppers, they have need of other nourishment than the leaves and humour of these trees.  
The Worm depicted lying in the state of Transmutation, is not easily found, unless when by the force of winds, the Trees are torn up by the roots, or when the wood is felled.  
About that time this Worm light into my hands, having entered into the state of Transmutation and resting in it, so that I cannot exactly tell the very time of its entry into the Transmutation, for it had placed itself in the very interior pith of the Tree, and I found it in the dissected wood the first january.  
As soon as I had got it, I placed it in its own earth, in a warm place near the fire. And the 31 th'. of the same month it brought forth a Grasshopper, which cast its shin first, and then changed its colour. For 14 days I gave it Sugar, Apples and Pairs; but these not being its meat, it died.    

Section. 8. OF FLIES.  

Number. 122. 
G. P. 1. Tab. 53.   
The Worm of the 122 Table, was bred of the Putrid flesh of a certain Bird; which I kept under a glass, until it did begin to be transformed, the 30 of May, and the 14 th'. of june it had the shape of a big Fly depicted.  
When it first came forth of its worm, or egg, no wings did appear: but in the space of half an hour, it seemed bigger by half, and the wings were spread and smooth.   

Number. 123. 
G. P. 1. Tab. 54.   
The Worm of the 123 d. Table, was bred of a Flanders Pica, dead, and corrupted.  
Having sought a Place to hide itself in, after the manner of Infects, which change; it began its change the 12 of june; and, the 27 of the same month, it put on the form of a Fly, depicted.   

Number. 124. 
G. P. 1. Tab. 55.   
The Worm of the 124. Table. had its original from the corrupted brain of the Water-Hen.  
When the time of Transformation comes, it boars a hole in some wood, and hides itself in it.  
It boared open all the wooden boxes in which I endeavoured to keep it; so that I was forced to keep it in a glass.  
It began to change the 12 th'. of August: and it had the form of a Fly, the 26 th'. of the same month, depicted.   

Number. 125. 
G. P. 1. Tab. 69.   
The Worm of the 125 th'. Table, had its original from Wheat-bran putrefied; which I kept mixed with water, till it grew sour, and began to putrefy.  
From this Putrefaction came many Little Worms; which begun to take a new form, altogether the 22 d. day of june: and the ● d. of july in the same year, they all changed into Flies; which lived without any food, till the 16 th' of the same month.  
The following Flies make a distinct Genus, remarkable for their Quick and Steady flight.   

Number. 126. 
G. P. 1. Tab. 2   
The worm of the 126 th'. Table: is bred in jakes, Privies, of sinks; its Long Tail serves, that it rolls not in creeping, for that it has a round body without Legs; as it rolls it balances itself with its tail.  
It composed itself for change the 26 th'. of August, for which end, these Worms seek hiding places in the chinks, and clefts of old walls.  
It remained in its change 17 th'. days, depicted in the Table, than came forth a Bee.  
When this Bee was first hatched, I thought it wanted wings; for in the place of them, I could Animadvert nothing; but 2 white points like Pin-heads; but the Bee forthwith began to spread those white spots, with its hinder feet; and within 2 hours fitted them so, that they were fit foe fly with.  
The nourishment of this Bee, is a certain sweet juice; which it draws from the flowers of Carduus Benedictus it also feeds on Sugar, and may be kept long alive with it.  
It uses little Aliment, for it lived 21 days without any food.  
By the Bee, is to be understood a Fly; that is, a Two winged Insect; the Bee kind having ever Four wings.   

Number. 127. 
G. P. 1. Tab. 4.   
The Worm, of the 127th. Table, is found in Privies; and is bred of men's Excrements; it is a very slow creature.  
It composed itself for change the 28 th' of September: and remained therein to the 22 d. of October.  
And at that time was born a Fly, depicted in the Table.  
These Flies are wont to abide about the places where they are bred, and I could not keep it alive with Sugar.   

Number. 128. 
G. P. 1. Tab. 4.   
The Worm depicted in the 128 th'. Table, was bred of rotten dried Fish called Scate.  
Nature cannot be idle; the corruption of one is the generation of another; and from rottenness, especially in a hot and moist matter (which seems to be most apt for generation,) divers Animals are produced.  
I experienced this Worm the 26 th'. of May; to be changed into an egg; and a Great Fly to be bred of that egg the 21st. of june, depicted in the Table.   

Number. 129. 
G. P. 1. Tab. 50.   
The Worm represented in the 129 th'. Table, is bred in the fruit of that Shrub, which in Dutch is called the Speen appell; and the virtues which are ascribed to the fruit; are also of the white worm bred within it, to wit, for the Piles, and burning Fevours, and for these ends, the fruit is gathered about the 16 th'. of October, for the little White worm remains therein, to the middle of june of the year following; and at that time is turned into a Fly, making a hole to get out at.   

Number. 130. 
G. P. 1. Tab. 51.   
I had a mind to try, what would become, of the putrid and corrupted Urine of a man; I made a Funnel of paper, and so folded it, that no Fly or other Animal could get into it: having infused into it oft times humane Urine; I ●ound some Worms to be bred in the folds, where the feces stayed.  
I reserved one of them, for the experiment sake, which composed itself for change, the first of March: and the 14 th'. of the same month, it had the form of a Fly, depicted in the Table: its head was R●d, the body Black, and the hinder-parts Yellowish.   

Number. 131. 
G. P. 1. Tab. 52.   
This Worm was bred of Bar●ey flower; which yet it did corrode into smaller particles: this flower being moist, putrefied, and this Worm was bred form the putrefaction; for the corruption of one, is wont to be the generation of another.  
I could not observe this Worm to live; but yet it began to be changed the 8 th'. of August, and 23 d. of the same month it received the form of an Oblong fly.   

Number. 132. 
G. P. 1. Tab. 73.   
The little Worm of the 132 th'. Table, was bred of Rotten Cheese, mixed with Cummin; with which also it is nourished, and kept alive.  
These Worms do not creep so much, as (the body being gathered up) they suddenly Spring, and Leap Locust-wise.  
Before they do compose themselves for change, they do quiesce 3 days.  
This Worm began to change the 28 th'. of November, 1658. and the 10 th'. of May the year following, a little Fly appeared, which lived 8 days without food.  
The Worm the Chrysalis, and the Fly, are all depicted in the Table.   

Number. 133. 
G. P. 1. Tab. 41.   
The Worm of the 133 d. Table, is wont to be found upon the leaves of the Curran-bush, which are blasted: under those leaves I have descried to lie hid, a great Number of little Animals like Pediculi, the Worms of this Table eat them.  
For whilst these Worms do quiesce, without any manifest motion, and that the Animals do creep about and upon them, they sting them with their beak, and eat them.  
It began to change the 19 th'. of june, and the 30 th'. of the same Month it appeared under the form of a Fly; and so in the space of a 11 Days a Fly is bred of a Worm.  
Those Pediculi are very probably Cimices●   

Number. 134. 
G. P. 1. Tab. 47.   
The Worm of the 134 th'. Table, feeds of little creatures, which they call Green Lice; and do lick the fat of Roses; so that it is very manifest, not the least Animals are safe from enemies; but the Less are food for the greater.  
This Worm does stick to things, and keeps itself immovable by the bigger and obtuse parts of the Body; but the acute and slender part, which is like a Proboscis, it tosses every way, and moves it, that it may take some of the Foresaid little Creatures, and having caught them, it lifts them up, lest they should stick or adhere to any thing, and sucks them so lifted up, until nothing remain but a every thin Skin Wings and Feet. Also these Worms seem to love Ants; for they are often with them, but hurt them not.  
It began to Change the 14 th'. of july, under the Figure of an Egg: and the 21 st, of the same Month, it received the form of a very long Fly.  
This was a By-birth, and an Ichneumon-Wasp; the true birth should have been a Fly, like the last aescribed.   

Number. 135. 
G. P. 2. Tab. 11.   
There are many of these Worms to be found upon the leaves of the Elder; for they are bred of the Seed which the Fly their Mother lays upon them in the Month of june, and Hatched by the heat of the Sun.  
And when these Flies know, that these little creatures are bred, a future meat for their Young ones; they do inject their Seed upon the leaves.  
These little Creatures have six Feet, and long Wings, yet I never found them to fly; but are a food to these Worms.  
These Worms know how to Counterfeit dead, and to lie amongst them; for that the innocent little Creatures creep over the Bodies of the Worms; which when the Worms feel, they take them with their sharp bills, and snck them; lifting up their Proboscis like Hens, when they drink.  
These Worms feed of these little Creatures, and the Birds feed of the Flies, they are changed into, and we of the Birds.  
As soon as these little Creatures perceive the Worms, forthwith they fly them, and run away.  
When this Worm has fed to its fullness for twenty four hours it is wont to rest and sleep; from Eightith Morning till Nine the next Day, and when he again feels these little Creatures to run about him, he Eats as much of them as he has a mind, and now full again, it rests, and seems as Dead.  
And the 12 th'. of june, this Worm affixed to a leaf did compose itself for change, as is Depicted.  
But the 15 th'. of july, a Fly was Borne; which as soon as come forth, in half a quarter of an hour became as big again, and lived four Days without Food.  
These Little Creatures are a numerous Brood of Cimices.   

Number. 136. 
G. P. 2. Tab. 47.   
The 30 th'. of August, I took up a Ripe Mushroom; and putting it under a Glass, I exposed it upon the Pavement to the Sun. The Day following, that Little Mushroom was full of little Black Worms; but the 11 th'. of September, the greatest part of it was turned into Blark water, like Ink; except that part, which was called the Stool, or Foot, being the Root.  
In this impure Water I numbered 63 worms; which the Day following did betake themselves to change; but 7 Days after the 10 th'. of September, they were all turned to Living Flies, very swift and nimble, with Red Heads, and Black Bodies; some of these were of an Elegant colour; and had on each side a little hammer, with which they did beat and excite themselves.  
Some of these had Black heads; but one was of a different colour from the rest, and of a bigger body. etc.  
You may keep these (if you please) long alive with a Sweet Liquor; I speak this by experience, as all things else; for I fed many of them from the 10 th'. of September, to the 24 th'. of December the year following; and I could have easily kept them longer, if it had been to any purpose.   

Number. 137. 
G. P. 2. Tab. 22.   
We may very often see, upon the leaves of Oziers', and other Trees, certain Little green creatures, and so tender-skined, that they are crushed with the lea●● touch, and the humour squeezed out of them is green.  
These are bred from a certain humour, which the Ants lay upon the said leaves, and with the sun, hatches into little creatures: they spoil the boughs they a●re bred on; for they corrupt the wood, knitting upon it a net: under which lying-hid they grow up; and in the mean time do suck up all the moisture; so that the boughs being deprived of that humour which is owing to them, do become lean, tender, and black barked; not like the rest of the wood.  
When they are new hatched, the Ants are seen to creep amongst them, and as it were to cleanse them.  
The Worm depicted Table 137 th'. eats these little creatures, as soon, as they are grown up: yea it fills itself with these, that it can hardly stir; and being so filled, it rests quiet in the same place it laid itself down in, to the next morning; and then, when the yesterdays meat is digested, it begins to devour the remaining creatures, or seeks a new bough, better furnished, and on which more of these small creatures sit, and of them it fills its hungry belly, as before.  
This Worm gave itself to change the 10 th' of june, in that form and Posture as is depicted, and it remained in that state 20 days, so that the 29 th'. of june, a Fly came forth, which (wonderful!) most suddenly came to its perfect bigness; for within a quarter of an hour, it bacame as big again, as it was, when it was hatched, and as big again as the egg from which it broke out.  
I knew not what to give it, that it would taste, and so it died, the 5 th'. of August.   

Number. 138. 
G. P. 2. Tab. 45.   
The Worm of the 138 th' Table, is mostly upon the leaves of Elder; for the most part it is on elegant whitish colour, and yellowish; which afterwards becomes blackish.  
It feeds of the little creatures, which are often to be found on the extreme twigs of the Elder: these are the offspring of Ants; bred of a humid seed, laid by the Aunt's npon the extreme boughs of the Elder, and, by the heat of the Sun, cherished and brought to maturity; that these little creatures might be bred of it. Also the Ants are continually at hand, to defend them against this Worm. &c:  
It you would know whence this Worm is bred, I answer that it is bred of such a Fly, as is depicted in the Table, which is wont to lay its seed upon the leaves of the Elder, well knowing these little creatures to be there, which may serve it for food, and from the seed of this Fly, this Worm cherished by the heat of the Sun, doth come.  
When I had fed this for 13 days with its due food, it left eating, as though it would have begun its change, but Two days after it put on the glorious colour before named; which done, it again devoured the little creatures; and last of all, the 26 th' june it did compose itself for change, and did remain in that state, to the 13 of july, on which day came forth a Fly, very like that of the 130 th' Table above, but a little bigger, and Yellow on the forepart, it lived fasting till the 17 of july.   

Number. 139. 
G. P. 2. Tab. 44.   
The Worm depicted in the 139 th' Table, is seldom found, for that it lies in stony, and moist grounds; and sometimes it is in Gardens, for the gardiner's complaine that this Worm doth hurt their herbs not a little; nor is it easily to be taken, for it knows how to hide itself under ground, as soon, as it feels any thing to stir.  
It feeds on all sorts of herbs, and eats their roots, it is very voracious, so that filled it is twice as big, as when it is hungry.  
It peeps out of the ground only with the head; which it forthwith draws in again, as soon, as it doth perceive any noise; you must take it with a Spade.  
Having taken it, I put it in a glass, filled with earth, and did expose it to the open air; in a place moderately hot of the Sun; and I provided it with meat and drink; In this glass it composed itself for change, in that posture in which it is Painted; the 29 th' of May: and the 25 th' of june following, it bred a creature furnished with 2 wings, and 6 long Feet called by us when boys, the Tailor.  
These Tailor Flies are very lecherous; there are double Number of males, for one female; for this you will experience with me, if you mind as I have done often, when the male Couples with the female mostly 5 or 6 males Fly about them, each of which stay their course of coupling, and endeavour to hinder the former; To whom it is given first to couple, he remains affixed to her 2 days together; and the male, loose, not very long after dyes; but the female lives.  
And when the Seed of the Female is ripe for laying, in infixes its Tail in the ground, and lays its seed in it; from which this mischievous Worm is bred, which is not fit to breed Tayler-slyes till it be Three Year old: if it were not for this Three Years unfitness to breed, and that there are more Males then Females; this Worm would do great mischief, in which, God's providence is much to be admired.  
These Flies are those with very Long Legs, and which by our People are called Drummers. It is remarkable, that they lay Violet-coloured Eggs; all the Species as them, which I have yet seen, and have I seen at least Five sorts with us in England.  
Of the Original of GNATS.  
This is also a new Genus of Fly's   

Number. 140. 
G. P. 3. Tab. 10   
I have sought with great diligence, what was the generation of Gnats, and from what principle etc.  
I Observed Gnats to retire to Cisterns in great Numbers; and especially about the beginning of December; thither they carry their Seed, and after the same manner, as I have often learned by my own proper Experience; for they are wont to sit upon the surface of the Raine-watter, contained in Cisterns, the hinder part of the their Bodies being inclined downwards; and to excerne their Seed, and that Seed so dejected, doth forthwith sink to the bottom and after a little time, is converted in● Red, and (as it were) Bloody little Infects.  
These Little Bloody Worms are nourished of certain little Creatures swimming in the Water, which I have been wont to call Water Lice, because they have almost the same form with the paper Lice, and they stay there 11 Months, and they do make themselves little Cells of their own juice, mixed with the particles of Lime, within which they hide themselves, against the extreme cold.  
But the time of the Natural change being at hand, they do convene in great numbers, and the heads of all being joined, the hinder parts of their Bodies, are long much tossed, too and fro, and do excite a great motion of Water, with which motion, I have Observed a great plenty of a certain Tenacious juice, in which they compose themselves for undergoing a change.  
The 30 th' of june, and 13 th' of july, I Observed many Gnats to fly out of the foresaid Juice: The Males have light Feathers on the Head, but not the Females; but do swell with Eggs, nor yet can so vehemently prick our skins as the males.  
As Gnats do arise from bloody little Worms, so they do vehemently desire Humane blood; for that end they enter into our Honses about Night, even by the Chimneys, and other hidden places, if they find not the Doors and Windows open, than they thrust their Trunks, or Darts into the parts of the skin: Where they may find an open passage to the Blood; which ● they suck and are mightily delighted in: They Draw it with very subtle and sharp Darts, made of as it were three small Hairs, contexcontexed; but hollow within like Pipes, and adapted to draw blood upwards.  
I have sometimes Observed, that a Gnat well filled with blood, not to recede from our Skin, until a drop of Water, had been rejected out of her Body: Which I guess to be the Serum; and in so short a time to be separated from the Blood, and rejected as an excrement.  
When the Gnats, new bred, do ascend from the bottom of Cisterns, they are White, and do seem to want Feet, and Wings; but these do appear in the space of a quarter of an hour, and they are wont so long to adhere to the sides and walls of the Cisterns; until the wings are now enough expanded, are hard, and are fit for flight.  
But some will Object, how I could so accuratly Observe, what Gnats do in the bottom of Cisterns; to whom I Answer, I Observed all things in a Glass Vessel made for that end, into which I put all those things, which are wont to be found in Cisterns, to wit Lime, little Stones, Earth and Rain Water, to which I put the above described Red worms. Also I was forced to place that Vessel in a cold place; also often to renew the Water, and to admit the fresh air.  
For experience taught me, those little Worms, for defect of Coolness and fresh and well tempered Air, all soon to Die: Therefore by means of the pellucid Glass, I Daily and diligently observed, what was Daily done in it, and what changes happened therein.    

Section. 9  
OF MILLEPEDS.  

Number. 141. 
GP. 2. Tab. 36.   
All this History of the Authors is Founded upon a mistake; as thinking these Jüly, or Millipeds (of all which He has given Us the Figured, Table 141.) were bred of the Thigh bone of a Man; when indeed, they were only lodged therein, in the depth of Winter; the whole thing is impertinent and not worth the recital.   

Number. 142. 
G. P. 2. Tab. 48.   
Besides what I said of Mushrooms Number 136. I saw also when the aforesaid Worms were changed into Flies, and when I had placed the water, from whence they came, before the Sun; it was filled with exceeding little Animals, which moved themselves, and were therefore alive; which after I had taken out of the water, by the help of a Pin, and had viewed them in a Microscope; I found them to be very little Serpents, or Snakes; and indeed, Multitudes of them did move so swiftly, and did mix themselves so together, that they could not be counted.  
I kept many of these two Years, and I found them marked in their Bodies; some with Black, some with Green, and others with Brown spots; but the greatest of them which I kept, was of the Size and shape, and variegated with Brown spots, as is delineated in this 142 Table: It was very swift and nimble, for as soon as I laid it down on the Ground, it crept into it, and I had lost it, if I had not presently dug it up, by the help of a little Spade, I had in my hand.  
I kept this little snake long in a Glass, filled with Earth and water; but at length through the great heat, and want of Water, he died, which I was very sorry for having kept him so long.    

Section. 10.  
OF SPIDERS.  

Number. 143. 
G. P. 2. Tab. 49.   
In the before mentioned Matter, from whence the Flies and Snakes come, I saw also and found a certain kind of Crystals; like in form to small Sands, but but there grew out Feet to them, and by degrees they grew greater; till in three Years space, they were full grown, and attained the form of the Spider Depicted in the 143 Table.  
Of the Mushrooms, growing out of the Roots of the Poplar Tree, is wont to breed another kind of spider; of an oblong form, a Yellow colour, and stinking.  
From Rotten Mushrooms, another Race of Spiders does proceed, and they are Reddish, there is another kind of Mushroom, which rises from the Earth, which first of all appears shut, but in a days time is open, and then it represents the form of a Mushroom, with a round dish, or little house, like the cup out of which the Oak Acorns are taken; in this Cup is found Five round grains of of seed, of the size of Raddish-seed, but pellucid, as Crystal; after these grains fall out of the cup on to the superfis ●ies, or into the chinks of the earth; they are cherished by the heat of the sun, till they begin to live, after wards they get feet; and in three years' time they attain to their full growth, all these things I tried twice Two years together.  
These Spider's de●ight 〈◊〉 be about the herb Balm; and in Summer time 〈◊〉 shadow themselves under it; but in winter they ●y hid in the Chinks of walls, or wooden fences.  
The forementioned Spider, which has its original of Mushrooms, (which many esteem a delicate) has long feet, which I have exhibited 〈◊〉 you, in its birth, progression, increase, and perfection, in this 143 d. Table. where Figure 1 represents it, at its first appearance, Figure 2 at the space of half a year: Figure, 3 at two years: Figure 4 Three years' growth; when it has attained its full size; which it keeps till it die, by a natural or a violent death.  
These Spiders are rarely found on the superficies of of a smooth wall, but commonly in the fissures thereof; but so as they have their feet exerted out of the Wall, and in my opinion to this purpose; that if any humour come from the Wall, they may take it with their feet, for with this all their feet are imbrued, and they first move their fore-feets to their Mouths, and then the rest; which they successively brush thorough their Mouths, by the help of their Forcipes, and so lick off the Nitrous humour, sticking thereto, by which they live.  
On the Day time these Spiders are wont to rest, unless you drive them away; but in the Night time they play together; for than they are often seen to take hold of one another's feet, and so to fall upon the ground, and when they play thus together, they do not hurt themselves; for when they fall on the ground their long feet being stretched our, they fall on them like Cats: As soon as they fall they presently rise again, and straddling with their Thighs, they as●end the Wall with a Stilt-like motion: They often also Fight so, that they kill one another; for they are very tender, and are easily killed; and this is well seen in them from an instinct of nature; therefore with their legs contracted and affixed to both sides they sit, and defend themselves; for than their bodies being defended on every side with their Feet, as Ten●● with Pales, they sit safe, prevailing against the Spiders, that assault them, with their own strength; in this posture one of them cannot kill another at one assault; what do they then will you say? The more strong entangle the Feet of the more weak with a wonderful dexterity, and hold them so bound, like the small tendrils you see on vines, which wreath about and encircle the branches, and embrace them; and then they hold their Feet so ensnared with theirs, and break them one after another; nor do they cease, till they have pulled off four or five of them, this being done, they leap upon them, and bite them, and suck the wound, and leave nothing, but an Exanguious skin, sucked dry, and the rest of the Feet.  
One of this kind of Spiders I kept long, with Water of Saltpetre and Lime mixed; he was very fierce, he always overcame all the Spiders I offered him, although he found some amongst them, which took him up much time, and gave him some danger of recovering his health, which he could not overcome, but with much difficulty; at length he remained Victor of all, viz. Thirty in number, which I gave him one after another.  
I placed before him two Pots; in the one I gave him Meat, in the other Drink; but he put his Feet into one, and the dry Carcases of the Spiders he had killed.  
Having eaten these Spiders, he grew great, and put on a Black Colour; at length he died, no doubt of the abundance of the juice, which he sucked from the Spiders, 〈…〉   

Number. 144. 
G. P. 1. Tab. 70.   
The Worm of the 144 th' Table, is most worthy of admiration; which I took the Third Day of April 1658. I never could observe (though I was very diligent) whether it eat or drunk; neither could I animadvert whether or no it had any Eyes, or any aperture in its body; by which it might either receive nutriment, or eject excrement: it wants Feet; it always rests, immovable, and rather rejoices in cold then heat; for I placed it in the Sun beams, and presently it sought for a skadow and shelter, and afterwards moved not.  
sometimes it turned its body, so that it lay on its back, but presently contracting its body into a round, it kept its former habit, as is Figured in this Table.  
I had this Worm alive with me at home, from the third of April 1658, to the 28 th' of August 1659., without any food, and on that Day it died, afterwards (which is worthy to be observed,) there lived always near this Worm three White Animals, less than common ● and; which always stuck on the belly, or back of the Worm, and after this manner they lived Nine Months without any food that I observed, at length, two of these Animals on the Head, and the third on the Back of the Worm, died.   
FINIS.