In memoria Coll: harw. Equitis Aurati.  

CArmina quid canerem? Tristes imitantia Musas,  
Carmina sunt meritis inferiora suis.  
Vixit, quem dederat cursum Deus, ille peregit,  
Gentis honos obiit, gloria, fama, decus.  
Multa fides, pietasque viri, sic multa recursat  
Nobilitas animi; plurima nota loquor.   

THough Holland honoured be to keep the dust  
Of such a soldier, valiant, wise, and just:  
The Basis of the Universe not great,  
Nor vast enough, his merits on to seat:  
Mars, Hermes, Phoebus, and chaste Theseus son,  
In Coll'nell Harwood did meet all in one.  
But should I write his praise? it would be thought  
A Nephew will commend the Work, tho nought,  
I rather leave it to each Readers mind,  
To judge thereof, as he the work shall find:  
And if they say, that he hath not done well,  
Bid him that blames him; Show his parallel.   
M. Draper.   

THE ADVICE OF THAT worthy COMMANDER, Sir ED: Harwood, colonel.  
Written by King CHARLES his Command, upon occasion of the French King's preparation: and presented in his life time, by his own hand, to his majesty: Hitherto being a private Manuscript.  
Also a relation of his Life and Death. Whereunto is also annexed divers remarkable Instructions, written by the late, and ever-famous, Earl of Essex. All tending to the Securing and Fortifying of this kingdom, both by Sea and Land, and now seasonably published for the benefit of these Times.  
PROV. 25. 11. A word spoken in season is like Apples of gold in pictures of silver.  
London, Printed for R. Harford. 1642.   

TO THE RIGHT honourable, the Lords and COMMONS assembled in the High Court of Parliament.  
RIGHT Honourable Lords, and worthy Gentlemen, We are all embarked in the ship, the commonwealth; and as in a ship there are divers Agents, whereof some of the chiefest, at the stern to govern; others of an inferior rank climb the Mast, hoysesailes, and do inferior works in it, all of them according to their several rank, as they do the duties of their several places; so have interest in the Common good, and either do, or aught to mind the public welfare of it: And as in building of the Tabernacle, some of the chief sort brought gold, silver and precious stones, others of inferior sort, goat's hair and Badgers skins, every man according to his ability, did contribute unto the same. Ay, though but of the inferior rank in this ship, even the meanest of all others, yet embarked therein, see not but I ought to endeavour, though but in inferior works the good of it, who though I have not gold, silver, or precio●s stones, nor any thing besides my poor prayers to advance the glorious Tabernacle, yet would with Ahimaaz, run also, as one willing and desirous to do good, if I had any ability in myself, or opportunity: But having nothing of my own, finding this little Manuscript among the papers of my dear deceased brother, and considering the troublesomeness of the times the fears of the better sort, and hopes of the worse: I have adventured to make it public, which though written some time since, and upon another occasion, yet there may something be gathered out of it (if I mistake not myself) which may be of good use for these present times of our fears, and sad apprehensions, wherein if there be any thing which in your grave wisdoms, you may think fit to put in execution, it shall much 〈◊〉 me, that I brought it to the light, or at least, if it may but occasion your wisdoms to take into your serious consideration, the subject matter of it, which is the securing of the kingdom against all dangers, that may come to it, and in your wisdoms to think upon better directions, that may remove the fears and apprehensions of most men in these ●●●multuous times, by reason of the Insurrection of our neighbouring kingdom, and the just fears we have of these pestilent enemies of our Church and commonwealth, The Papists in this kingdom, and their Adherents, the Prelates: Now as concerning my brother's manuscript, as it was penned in time of a great Sea preparation made by the French King some ten years past, so (as I had it from his own mouth) it gained the approbation and good liking of his Majesty, who commanded him to write his judgement and opinion of these preparations, and by what means (if they were intended against us) we might secure ourselves, both for the pesent, and in future; which though for some reasons was not thought sit to be put in execution, yet I have been encouraged by some of good judgement, now to publish it in these times, wherein we have some more apprehension of danger then formerly (partly by the actual rising of these many ill affected to Religion in Ireland, and also those proud-threatning speeches lately given forth by the Papists here at home, which if not by some such course, as is here propounded, be prevented, may breed more danger than most are sensible of.  
Eliah's cloud rose but like a hand, which after o'erspread the whole heaven, what this may do, if suffered to enlarge itself; how farrereach, we cannot directly say; but even to our own horizon we may well presume, if not repelled, or dispersed by a strong and swift gale The mischief they carry with them cannot be contained in the neighbour kingdom, if they thus grow in their progress. What combination there may be with forrainstates I leave to deeper judgements, but for my own part, I shall ever subscribe unto the opinion of that noble Lord, concerning an old Enemy the Spaniard▪ that if he ever find an opportunity, and advantage against us, he will not balk it: I cannot easily be drawn to a belief, that that great Fleet they sent two years since upon our Coast, when we and our true hearted brethren, the Scots, were ready to enter into a bloody battle, was to guard only his soldiers, or treasure; but that there was a design in it upon this kingdom, though by God's mercy prevented. Never came such a Fleet upon our Coast, save in 88 when they intended a real invasion. But if it be objected; was he not in league with us? But alas, what security can we have thereby, in being in league with him, or any of that Religion: when first they hold that it is no fault to break faith with heretics. Secondly, If it be? The Pope's dispensation will take it away. Thirdly, if the Pope find it for his advantage he will so charge them to break with us, that so conscience and obedience shall cure their malice and perfidiousness: I am bold to add to what my brother wrote, what once, long since I read in a little Treatise, which may something conduce to this, of that brave Lord, the late Earl of Essex; expressed in an Apology in the late Queen's time of happy memory, which may something strengthen my brother's opinion for making Sea preparations; which with my Brothers, I humbly offer to your considerations, there being none under Heaven to whom we can address ourselves▪ for power and fitness to correct the malignant aspect of these influences, besides your honours: And now most noble, and grave Senators, the true and ever renowned Patriots of your Country, if my zeal for my country's freedom and prosperity, have borne me beyond my bounds, impute it to my error of judgement, and let your candour close with the good intentions of him, who is more in wishes, and hearty desires, than in parts and abilities, for the felicity of his country. And he shall ever remain,  
Your honour's most humble and obsequious servant. GEO. Harwood.   

THE LIFE AND DEATH of colonel Harwood.  
Gentle Reader,  
THis little Manuscript penned by my honoured friend, Sir Edward, Harwood colonel of an English Regiment in the Low-Countries, was intended for the press, and ready thereunto, when by God's gracious providence I coming over (having had much experience of his worth;) and in some respect, obliged unto him, was not a little glad to meet with an opportunity to show my love and respects to him. I therefore desired leave of his brother, of whom I have now obtained it, though with some difficulty, to offer to the World some Testimony of it, wherein I will forbear to say what I may, neither is there need for me in that kind to say any thing at all, in respect of those that knew him, and have been conversant with him; they have been eye witnesses to more than I write, but for their sakes, who did not know him: I desire a little to acquaint them with his worth. To the end, that they, who have alove to that Honourable profession, may have a worthy example to incite them to imitation.  
It being my portion to travel with him one whole night not long before his decease; he was (beyond his custom) kept awake all that time by his own Spirit, which constrained him to open his bosom to me, and to give me an Epitome of his time, and God's dealing with him, of which, and my own observations concerning him, you may please to take this brief extract.  
His Birth was Gentile, and from a root fit to engraft his future education and excellency; furnished he was with such learning as his age was capable of, and grew up in an especial respect unto the faithful Dispensors of the gospel, and accordingly reaped the fruits of it in God's season. His spirit (though sad enough) yet accompanied with much natural mettle and courage, and looked above other callings, to that which narrow minded and effeminate men close not with.  
He soon attended the school of war of those times, where quick and curious designs issued into daily action and execution. There my Lord veer, who could well distinguish of men, cast his eye upon him, by whose favour, exhaled by his own worth, he was not long ascending the usual step whereon the wars placeth reward for its followers; as he grew skilful in his trade, so was he amiable to others: They live who know how dear he was to that justly lamented, Prince Henry, who took such delight in him, that his closet thoughts were open to my Noble friend, from whom that Noble Prince got no small advantage in his military way; he was also ever precious to King James, of blessed memory; so also no less in the esteem of our now gracious sovereign, witnessing their royal affection toward him in several expressions of their favours. The illustrious Princess, the Queen of Bohemia, who hearing of his death, cried out in a great passion! Oh that ugly town of Mastricht that hath bereeved me of so faithful a Servant. Also to that mirror of his time, the last Lord Harrington, to whom he was so endeared, that he offered to hazard estate, liberty, and life, for his good, as by divers of his Letters still extant, appears. To the late Duke of Buckingham, who after the defeat at the I'll of Ree, remembering what service he did at Cadiz voyage, in bringing of the retreat, cried out! Oh Ned Harwood, Ned Harwood, that I had had thee here. To the last Lord Steward, To the old Earl of Southampton, To the late Earl of Bedford, To this now Earl of Essex, And to the now Earl of Leycester, who was sometime his colonel; To the Earl of Warwick, To the Lord Carleton, and to most of the chief nobility of this kingdom. Whose Letters found among his papers mention such real affection, as is scarcely credible, from men of their quality. Neither was he a little dear to that highly honoured Lord, the Lord Craven (who beside the late real expression of love to his Brother, and for his many, great, noble, and pious works, deserves to have his name written upon pillars of brass) who when he heard of his death (as was related to his brother,) cast himself on his bed, cried out, he had lost his Father, such was his love and opinion of him.  
Moreover, when his death was noised in the Army, there was such a general lamentation for his loss, that his Excellency was fain to send special command to still it, lest the enemy should take courage, as thinking it were for some of greater quality; And his Excellency himself in my own hearing, I being appointed to go before his Excellency after the Hearse, heard him say, to Count Earnest, He had lost his right hand, in the loss of Monsieur Harwood. To be brief his name amongst soldiers was, In omniore, tanquam mel suavis est, & tanquam instrumenta musica in convivio lauto. he lived, desired; and died, lamented.  
He soon ascended (in the state's service) to the highest step that Englishmen usually tread, & that was a colonel; in which condition, I had my knowledge of him: And these things my eye observed, that Religion, fidelity, and prowess so met in him, that there seemed a constant strife among them, which should most appear, and often showed themselves together, by which he brook the back of that Proverb: Nulla fides pietasque viris qui castra sequuntur.  
The first of these, showed itself in attendance upon the word, intimate acquaintance with, and respect unto the faithfullest dispensers of it; The exercise of his family therein; His purse standing open to the advancement of every work of that nature in England and Holland; he gave a large sum annually to the redeeming impropriations, the ruin whereof was none of his least griefs, together with the many souls that suffer by it; His conceit was, that nothing less than atheism and hellish malice could blast it; he kept a diary of his inward man, wherein he wrote his own slips, infirmities, and God's several ways of providence toward him, which stood him in no small stead; He was very often in humiliations, and loved those days in his life time, and to his death, being slain in a public day of fasting; In all his actions, he gave testimony, that he thought as much of dying, as of living. For the second, he was famous and precious to both the Princes of Orange, in that respect.  
In the quelling the Arminian faction, he alone was trusted with a message to King James, and upon his return Barnevell, went to his last home. In the leaguer of the buss, he had the charge of the Vello●, when Picolominy was in the bowels of the country with 10000 men. His Excellency entrusting him with the sole trust, managing and ordering of that service, without limiting his commission, left it, though a matter of main concernment to his wisdom and fidelity. In which service, he watched 30. whole nights on Hor●eback, and never in that time came in bed, and in conclusion by his providence and vigilancy discharged that great trust, and fully secured the country.  
At Cadiz voyage which was a matter of trust & great difficulty, he had imposed on him the Charge of bringing up the rear, where the enemy setting upon many scattered troops, he brought them off with safety, by an honourable Retreat. For want of which at the Isle of Ree, how many brave Engglish lost their lives, and our Nation, much of their honour.  
Lastly, his Valour was unstained, as all the Services he was in, can bear large testimony thereof. To be short, He was first hurt by a Granado in the foot, at Mastricht (a sufficient warrant to have exempted him from the Service for that day) yet would he not leave the prosecution of the design, though often dissuaded and advised, of the great danger he adventured, by the worthy Gentleman, captain Skippon, now sergeant Major general, for the city of London, but going often into the Trenches, to view the enemy's works, in a Scarlet coat, gave the Enemy so fair a mark, that he received from the wall, a sudden shot, out of a small brass Piece, which struck him through the heart, and was from thence, by Command of the Prince of Orange, carried to the Hague, where he was interred, with as much honour, as ever was any that died in those parts, of his quality. In fine, Thus much I must say of him, He was true to his Principles, (a rare virtue in this Age) he was neither above, nor beneath his Calling, but very aeduquate and true unto it; So sad, serious, and skilful in his way, that you may do well to believe what he writes. He was a good man, a good soldier, a good Christian, and is now wearing his Crown. Much more I might have said, but I must not make the Porch greater than the Building, and therefore I conclude,  

Sic O praecabor, usque vivere,  
Me posse, dein sic mori,  
Mori me posse, dein sic Vivere.  
So I desire of God, to live and die,  
And so to die, to live eternally.   

Epitaph.  
IF rhymes might raise him columns, I believe,  
Nor hearts, nor heads, nor pens would wanting be  
But sure such Varnish can small lustre give  
To blaze his worth, his friends may spare that Fee.  
For less desert, we may such pains yet keep,  
Let's now remember Harwood, and then weep.  
Hugh Peter.    

Colonel harwoods advice to King CHARLES. OR, A Discourse on the rumour of the French King's Preparation at Sea.  
THe particulars of his preparations not being certainly known, there is no certain judgement to be made of them; I will therefore only take the case, as I suppose it will be granted. That the French King endeavours to make himself strong at sea, and that by two means, one encouraging his subjects to trade at sea, giving his Merchants great privileges, and immunities, another of his own proper cost, buying, and building many great and good ships, and ordaining a yearly brave proportion out of his revenue, for the increasing, and maintaining his navy, as some say 300. thousand l. sterling, others but 300. thousand crowns, one or other, are considerable, and may prove of danger to this state: For this disposition of his argues, that he intends either to enter into a new war, with his majesty, or at least, to put himself into such a condition, as when he shall think fit, he may do so, without his disadvantage. That this his Arming at sea, must be intended, in emulation of His majesty's Lordship of the narrow Seas, to equal, o'ertop him at sea is probable. For against whom else? Not against the Hollanders, they are his obsequious friends, desirous of his friendship, fearful of his displeasure; not against the King of Spain, for he can more easily invade him by land, when he will, as Spain can him: Besides, the French King shows no disposition to enter into open war with him, for having taken on him the protection of Mantua, and not well dealt with by him in the last treaty for Italy, making a peace in show, and yet after taking his advantage, renewing the war in the Emperor's name, yet doth he not enter into open war with him, but will only be an assistant, else had it not been more facile for him to have invaded Flaunders, or Artois, and so by diversion aided the Duke of Mantua, then by sending an Army into Italy in the winter; therefore this preparation of the French King, for the sea, hath his chief aim, in present, or future at His majesty. I suppose, not to invade England, or it may be none of His majesty's lands, though that is more than we can be assured of: some of his ships of war were this winter on His majesty's coast, went from Harbour to Harbour, doubtless to discover them, and not for any good to His majesty: besides, who cantle, since the lands of Garnesey, and Jersey, are the only remainders of the large Dominions, His majesty's Predecessors formerly have possessed in France, if he have not an itching to join them to France again, or if not them, nor Wight; yet to share the dominion of the narrow Seas with His majesty, and that is to take it from him, if he can; to which hitherto he hath not pretended, as not being able to match His majesty at Sea, but if he continue these His preparations, and that His majesty out of hand prepare not also against it, he will in short time undoubtedly effect it. It will be said (it may be) he hath no good ports or havens? that is an error; it is true, he hath not so many good harbours, as His Majesty hath, yet some he hath, not inferior to any of His Majesties, it may be also said that his Subjects are not so proper for the Sea, nor so affected to Trade, as his Majesties are: it is true, but if he continue to encourage his Merchants, turn Merchant himself, will not his Princes, great Lords, and Gentlemen, follow his example? For sailors, if he give great pay, and pay well, he will not want them of other Nations; nay, if his majesty's own Subjects have not the like great and good payment, it is to be feared, he may draw many of his, to his service, at first, until there be open wars twixt the kingdoms: for do not, at this present, many hundreds, I might say, thousands of his majesty's Subjects, serve other States at Sea; as the Hollanders, nay, the Turks, without either leave, or knowledge of his majesty.  
Now, if the French King should come to be as powerful, or more, than his majesty at Sea, he will be a more dangerous and fearful neighbour to England then Spain, whom hitherto this Kingdom have of latter years only had cause to fear, for that against Spain, the Low-Countries will ever be a good bulwark; who if the King of Spain at any time, make any great preparations at Sea, will be ever jealous, it is intended 'gainst them, and so ever arm against him, and be always ready to join with, and to assist his majesty 'gainst Spain, which may be doubted, they will not so readily do against France, with whom they are in league, and not jealous off. Besides the King of Spain hath not so populous a country, as he can easily prepare, either a great Fleet, or Land Army, and much less both, without long time, and so his majesty may have the more warning thereof; Then Spain is further from England, and so the journey is the longer, and from thence cannot come many Horse, which are the forces most to be feared in England. Whereas France being so near us, and so full of soldiers, both Horse and Foot, if it once come to be able to equal England at Sea, by sudden and quick preparations, stealing opportunities, he may o'ertop England at Sea, and then transport such an Army of Horse and Foot, as we might justly be afraid of: For old soldiers both Horse and Foot, France abounds in, and the French have a virtue proper to them, that not a Gentleman thinks himself any thing, until he have seen the wars, learned at least, good and perfect use of his arms, and naturally they are all good Horsemen; their Land affords Horses fit for service, and every man almost knows to use pistol and Carabin: whereas in England, unless those, which have been soldiers, few or none can use their arms, and of those which have been soldiers, it may be not all, can well use their arms; especially the musket, which is of most offence, which our Nation are not naturally so prompt to learn the use of, as the French are; and for Horse, this Kingdom is so deficient, as it is a question, whether or not, the whole kingdom could make 2000 good Horse, that might equal 2000 French.  
To redress these deficiences, In all humility, I here present my poor and slender advice, under correction, and with submission to better judgements.  
First, and principally I would advise that his Majesty would arm at Sea, for that is the surest defence, for we can never be hurt by a foreign enemy, by land, till we be first beaten at Sea; and therein I cannot give better advise, then to do what the French King doth, as to repair and increase his own royal navy, which is the greatest and best assured strength of England, and to that end, to set apart some certain large proportion of his revenue, that His seamen may have good pay, and well paid; and if there be good and strict courses taken, that there be no abuses in the Musters, victualling, consumption of Ammunition (which without good payment cannot well be executed) His Majesty will be a Gainer thereby, in matter of profit, besides, the reputation and advantage of his service; and it is my opinion, that no Prince nor State, but had better give 40 in the hundred, for moneys to pay his Militia well, than not to pay well: Then to encourage his Merchants, and other subjects to trade, and in making new plantations. For his land-forces, that His majesty would take order, that the numbers of trained men were increased, or rather that the whole kingdom from 18. or 20. to 35. or 40. as many men as were able of bodies were armed, one third with pikes, and armours, another with muskets, and the third with calivers; that there were powder, bullets, and match through the whole kingdom, magazines thereof in suncry places of the kingdom in such a quantity, as if it were invaded in one, or divers parts, there be no want of Ammunition in any place: for it would be then too late to fetch it elsewhere, and much worse, then to make it, or send over Seas for it. That there were care taken, that these men then armed might be well exercised; and to that end, that there be in every hundreth, or wapentake, some old soldier, Sergeant, or other inferior Officer, had out of the Low-countries well chosen, t●at might teach men the use of their arms, and that there were certain days set and appointed, for the showing their arms, and exercising them: and if the Statutes which were formerly for sporting in the Long Bow, were revived, or converted, (with deliberation) for the musket and Caliver, to practise by shooting at marks on ordinary holidays, and such like times, and at some time some small prize for them, that shoot nearest; under correction, I think it were much for the strength of the kingdom: Then that there were good choice made of the Mustermasters, none to be but such as had borne office in some actual war of reputation; for better there were none, and their allowances divi●ed unto sundry inferior men, then for one to draw a great pay, that either knows not to do, or doth not any thing for it: and because there is, or may be such as have borne office in the wars, and yet discontinue so long, as they have forgotten their trade, or that the fashion of the wars and exercising be changed, since he was last a soldier, that every Mustermaster, shall not only at his first entrance, be approved by such as are able to judge him, to be fit for that charge, but to the end he may continue so, he be enjoined once, in 4 or 5. years, to go personally for the summer time into some actual war abroad, if any bee, to retain and renew his knowledge, That the captains of the Trained bands, be enjoined themselves to pass the Seas, to learn the duties of their places, or at least, to keep of his own charge, one that can discharge his place, and if neither to quite their commands to such, as will do the one or other.  
By this means, his Majesty may have an Army of foot on a sudden in any part of England to answer all occasions, without drawing his forces much far out of their proper Countries; for an Enemy may make show of landing in one place, and having drawn the greatest strength of the kingdom thither (Winds serving for it) suddenly transport himself to another, before that Army can by land come there.  
Now for horse, wherein this kingdom is more defective, than I think is any other, it were a work worthy of his Majesty, seriously to take it into consideration, how to amed it, and though on a sudden, it is not to be hoped to bring the work to any great perfection, yet a good foundation once well laid, in process of time, it may be effected, and for the present bee much helped: it is so great a work, and my experience being not so much that way as in foot, I will not take upon me to deliver any certain grounds for it, but will only point at some ways, whereby I conceive it may be reformed: The defects consists chiefly in want of fit horses, and fit men to be horsemen, which I take to be the greater want of the two, and can but wonder, that so great a kingdom should be so defective in so brave and noble a strength, wherein our nearest neighbours so abound; in ancient times we were not so, it may be one reason is, that now our Nation is more addicted to running and hunting horses, then in those elder times.  
For remedy, under correction, First, that there where care taken, that there were a stronger breed of horses through the kingdom; then that his Majesty would begin at his Court, and there convert his bands of Pensioners into a brave troop of Curassers, there horses at least so ready, as to give and change a pistol on, sometimes to exercise them, by shooting at a mark on horseback with their pistols, and always to keep this band so. To admit none to those places, but such as before, were known to be horsemen, and could use pistol on horseback: Then that the Lords, & others of his majesty's great Officers, and council, did follow this example, and every one to keep some great horses, to have arms, and pistols, and some such Servants as were fit to be horsemen, and to induce other Lords, and Gentlemen of great estates, to do to like, and encourage them thereto; to reserve all personal honours (except experienced soldiers that had born good command) for such Noblemen, and Gentlemen as did in this conform themselves to do his Majesty and country service, whereby those, which never intended to make the wars their trade, might be brought so far as to be enabled to do something for the defence of their King and country: if the Noblemen and Gentlemen would take this to heart, as they have done, running of races for bells (which I could wish, were converted to shooting at a mark with pistols on horseback for the same bell;) they would be sufficient for Curassiers. Now for other kinds of horse, I would that the Trained bands were increased, and all reformed to Harquebusiers, but whether their pieces to be with firelocks or Snaphaunces, is questionable, the firelock is more certain for giving fire, the other more facile for use. For the present my opinion is, at first, it were best to take up the Snaphance, until Pistols be more frequent, which being more difficult to use, are fittest as before for Gentlemen to begin first to bring into use: When they have once brought them to be ordinary, it will be more facile to bring them into use amongst the inferior sort; and for the present, this kingdom hath not (except in London, and it may be some few towns besides) Artificers, that can make or amend firelocks: Then I would have a Muster-master a part, for the horse, as well as for the foot, well chosen, some old Horseman out of the Low-countries; For that it is scarce possible to find men that are fit and able for both horse and foot: The kingdom thus armed and exercised an Enemy cannot land in any part of it, but, (without unturnishing the other parts,) there will be a competent Army presently found to make resistance.  
It may be said, these advices will be found not practiquable, or very difficultly; so are all great works at first; but I conceive, if his Majesty would take it to heart, and give encouragements of honour and preferrements, to such as conform themselves to his pleasure herein, and make this the way of advancement, it would not be difficult, but if without this way honour and advancement may be had; well may many think, why should they take such pains, or be at such charge, for that which may more easily be had: And here I cannot but blame our Nation in the general, (for I believe, the most gloriousest of our neighbours, will grant, it as Valiant a Nation, as is on the Earth,) that they should not be more addicted to arms, but give themselves for the most, to expenseful pleasures, altogether unserviceable for King and country: whereas there is not a French Gentleman, that so soon as he begins to write man, but learns to ride, to use his arms on foot and horseback, and whether younger or elder brother, puts himself into some actual war for some time, to learn the trade of a soldier, though he never intend to make it his profession. I would further advise, that all the principal Harbours & good landing places were so fortified, as far as is possible, that no enemy's Fleet should anchor in them, or much less land in them, without remarkable disadvantage. The command of which places I would have given to none, but experienced soldiers, and such, as are sound in Religion, and had borne commands in the wars for many years; and they to reside in them: not unto Noblemen, or Gentlemen of great estates, which seldom, or never, come at them; and much less to meaner men that are no soldiers: for maintenance whereof the charge once arrested, to repartite them on some revenue near adjoining, and being well paid, to have strict oversight had, that there be always such, and so many able Gunners and soldiers present in them, as his Majesty pays, on all occasions to be used; if less will serve, then why should his Majesty be charged to pay more.  
To conclude, if his Majesty would reserve the places properly belonging to the wars, (whereof he hath the fewest of any great Prince of Christendom;) as, the Governments of his lands, the keeping of the Forts, and Castles, and places of command in Zeeland, only for soldiers, and worthy soldiers, and men sound in Religion. It would be a great encouragement to his Subjects to follow the wars, to enable themselves to do him service, though to their cost and charge, when they have to hope, that though they serve a strange Prince, or State to their no advantage, yet thereby enabling themselves to do their own King service, they may in time be provided for in their own country; whereas if charges of commands, advancements of honour may be had better cheap, by staying at home and following their pleasures, there will but few ever take the pains and labour, or be at the charges to enable themselves by following the wars abroad, all men being led, either by honour, or profit, or both.   

THE LATE Earl OF ESSEX His Instructions for England's safety.  
AFter I had resolved to publish this Manuscript of my Brothers, I remembered I had read something, long since, in a little Treatise, written by that brave and worthy Commander, the late Earl of Essex, concerning Sea Preparations (though then written in a time when we had an open enemy, and now no such occasion, yet we know not how soon we may,) Which though but short, yet my brother's judgement concurring with it, which was, that the safest and surest defence for this kingdom, was our Navy, and that we could never be hurt by Land, by a foreign enemy, unless we were first beaten at Sea. I thought it not amiss, to annex it to this of my Brothers, and by that occasion, reading the whole Discourse from which I had it. I found in it besides, what concerns this point, which was Directions for the securing of this kingdom, some such worthy expressions, which as they did much affect me in the reading, so I conceive, they might be of some use also for these times; as some for imitation, others, for other purposes. I thought it not amiss to revive, and bring them again to light; some things were spoken by that brave Lord of himself, some others are related by him of those Ancient and renowned Romans, where we may see a braveness of spirit, even in those that were but Heathen. Now if there were such brave spirits in them that had nothing but the light of nature to direct them: What should be then in Christians that have a sun to their Candle, shall they come short of them, in love and affection to their country? Will it not one day rise up in judgement against us, as our Saviour saith of Tirus and Sidon, that have such principles, and such encouragements of rewards above them. They had but honour and reputation, I may say, a vain and windy motive: We have the Command of God, and a heavenly reward promised, even a kingdom, and that everlasting; and shall we come so short of them, as not to venture anything for God, his Gospel, and our Religion▪ Did a Roman say, he cared not to leave to bury him, so the commonwealth might flourish? What shall a Christian do for his country? shall he not lay aside all private respects of his own, and only seek God's honour, in his care of the Common good.  
Now most noble Lords, and Gentlemen, God having called you unto it. Let your country see, and all the World know, that there is more power in Religion, then in Heathenish Principles; join all your forces together to promote his gospel, and your country's good.  
O that the reviving of these few sparks that I have by this occasion brought to light, might add fervour to your brave English Spirits; What though there be some so degenerate, as to raise their fortunes and keep their honours, cares not what becomes of the commonwealth, and gospel of Christ; Yet we have found there are many, yea many, that still retain that ancient virtue in them, and do even at this time practise it; to such I will say, go one Noble Lords and Gentlemen, do worthily in Bethelem, and you shall be famous in Ephrata, set aside all private respects, and as you have begun with unwearied pains and patience (which in all due thankfulness we do humbly acknowledge) go on still to continue your care of us, and our Countries good, and for all others contrarily minded, the Lord either convert them, or suddenly confound them.  
In this ensuing relation, I shall only use that Honourable Lord's own words. I leave their application to all true-hearted Englishmen. The heads are these,  
First, His advice for Sea Preparations, which are not (as I conceive) unuseful for this present time.  
Secondly, his Protestation of his affection to his Country, worthy the imitation of men of his quality.  
Thirdly, his extraordinary affection to soldiers and men of war, the favouring and cherishing of whom, will be no small security to this Kingdom.  
Fourthly, his judgement concerning Pluralities of Religion, tolerated in a State, A thing worthy of due consideration.  
Fiftly, the sweet harmony betwixt a loving Prince, and loyal subjects, a desirable and imitable thing. Lastly, a sweet reprehension of the superfluous expense of these times, which if some course were taken therein to limit them: I see not, but it would make much to the general good of this commonwealth.  
First, for his advice for Sea-preparations, it was this, that if Her majesty would be pleased, but to raise up a sum of a hundred, and fifty thousand pounds a year; and put it into the hands of an honest and sufficient Treasurer, for the wars, and to be issued by a council well chosen, would fully and sufficiently maintain the war with Spain; yea, such a force should be maintained thereby, as Her majesty having a convenient number of her own ships, and repairing and furnishing them, as yearly she doth, the enemy should bring no Fleet into the Seas for England, or Ireland, or Low-countries, but should be beaten, nor seek to gather one into Spain, but the parts of it should be defeated, before the whole could be assembled, yea, those services should be done upon the enemy, that the poorest Prince or State in Christendom, should have little cause to fear his malice.  
2. For his Protestation of his affection to his Country, it was, that the reputation of a most faithful subject, and zealous Patriot, with the hazard of his life, and decay of his estate he had sought to purchase, and when he was offered by the King of Spain, what Tittle, sum of money, or pension he would desire, so as he might be won to take their part, he did profess, that if God had not put him back, and arrested him by contrary winds and tempests that summer, he would have taught that proud King, what effects his proffer had wrought in him, and the longer the will of God, and his sovereign did restrain him, with the greater interest to hope to pay him in the end, that had sought him out as a fit man to betray his Queen and country.  
Thirdly, for his respect to soldiers, and men of war, he professed he did entirely love them. First, for his own sake; for he found sweetness in their conversations, strong assistance in their employments with him, and happiness in their friendship: that he loved them for their virtue's sake, and for their greatness of mind (for little minds, though never so full of virtue, can be but little virtuous) and for their great understanding, for to understand little things, or things not of use, is little better than to understand nothing at all; That he loved them for their affections; for self-loving men, love ease, pleasure, and profit, but they that love pains, danger, and pain, show that they love public profit, more than themselves: That he loved them for his country's sake, for they are England's best Armour of defence, and weapons of offence, if we have peace, they have purchased it; if we should have war, they must manage it; Yea, while we are doubtful, and in treaties, we must value ourselves by what may be done, and the enemy will value us by that which hath been done by our chief men of action. Before action, providence made him cherish them for the service they can do, and after action, experience, and thankfulness made him love them for the service they had done.  
Fourthly, concerning Plurality of Religion, professed in one Estate, that it was against the policy of all States; because where there is no unity, or order in the State, it is the manifest ruin of that State; for as the mingling of poison with wholesome liquour in one vessel, doth not correct that which is Lethal, but corrupts that which is wholesome: so the poisoned doctrine of those hispaniolized Jesuites once brought in that state, will not endure any profession (save their own.)  
Fiftly, for the sweet harmony, betwixt a loving Prince, and loyal subjects: Thus doth he say, we, thanks be to God, have a Queen, who hath never been wasteful in her private expense; yet will she sell her plate, and jewels in the Tower, ere her people shall be undefended: We are a people that will turn our silken coats into iron jacks, and our silver plate into coats of plate, rather than our sovereign shall be unserved.  
Sixtly, and lastly, his pleasing reprehension of the superfluous expenses of those times, it is by way of objection that was made in those times; that they could neither have a good peace, or jnst war; and of two evils, it were better to have a patched peace, than an unsupportable war. To which he answers, that those that did so think were injurious; First to our men of war (that fight for them, and defend them) in thinking their arms (which have ever done honour to our nation, and stricken terror into the hearts of our enemies) less able to defend our country, than their treaties, which have never been free from scorn and disadvantage. Injurious they are to the country that bred them, which being one of the bravest, strongest, and happiest States in Christendom, is judged by these men, to be as weak as their own weak hearts. Injurious they are to her majesty, who being so great, so glorious, and so victorious a Queen, shall be judged unable to maintain war, when she cannot have peace, but at the pleasure of her enemy. Yea, injurious, and most unthankful they are to God himself (who hath hitherto fought for them) in that (for an unsafe peace, with an idolatrous, and irrelegious nation) they would leave an honourable, and just war. But when some objections might be made, that Her majesty's Treasure was drawn deep into, and if there were any weakness in our means, to make war, it was in our Treasure: To this he answers, that though Her majesty's treasure be drawn deep into, and the poor Hus-bandman by the late hard years past, hath now left scarce any means to live; yet if our sumptuous buildings, our surfeiting diet, our Prodigality in Garments, our infinite Place, and costly Furniture of our houses, be well considered, England cannot be thought poor: can we exceed all nations in Christendom in wasteful vanities, and can we not arm ourselves against one nation (whom we have ever beaten) for our necessary defence? Was Rome so brave a State, that the very Ladies to supply the common Treasure, and to maintain the wars, spoiled themselves of their jewels, and rich ornaments, and is England so base a State, as that the people therein, will not bestow some part of their superfluous expenses, to keep themselves from conquest, and slavery? Did the godly Kings and religious people, which we read of in the old Testament, to maintain war, against the enemies of God, sell the ornaments of the Temple, and the things consecrated to holy uses? and shall not we that have as holy a war spare those things we have dedicated to our own idle, and sensual pleasures? Could our own nation in those gallant former ages, when our country was far poorer, than now it is, levy armies, maintain wars, achieve great conquests in France, and make our powerful Armies known, as far as the Holy-Land? And is this such a degenerate age, as we shall not be able to defend England; no, no, there is yet left some seed of that ancient virtue. I remember with what spirit and alacrity, the Gentlemen of England have put themselves voluntarily into our late actions; there will ever be found some valorous, which (so the State may stand) and flourish care not though they leave not, wherewith to bury themselves: though others bury their money, not caring in what case they leave the state.  

The Conclusion.  
THus far are his own words, and here I intended to have finished this discourse, but my thoughts pressed me to a new task, and what shall I say most Noble Lords, and worthy Gentlemen, I will say to you even as Abraham did to God; Seeing, saith he: I have begun to speak unto my Lord, that am but dust and ashes, Let not my Lord be angry, I will speak but this once. Seeing, I have taken upon me to publish something, that I hope, may tend to the good of our bodies; give me leave now to add something, (which I hope) may be no less for the good of souls, and that is this, most Humbly to crave, that you will be pleased to take to your most wise and grave considerations, that noble and pious work happily begun and successfully proceeded in, of the Feoffees for redeeming in impropriations, of which body before it was suppressed, I was (though unworthy) a member, and therefore can say the more, of which I dare be bold to say, it was one of the most glorious works that ever was undertaken in this kingdom of late years, and did more conduce to the spreading abroad of the glorious gospel of Jesus CHRIST, than any I ever understood of, or heard of. Of which I may truly say, as Solomon of the virtuous Huswife, to those that did contribute to it Many Daughters have done virtuously, but thou surmounts them all. I deny not, but it is good to give to Hospitals, to repairing of Churches, setting up of free-schools, building of almshouses and the like; But I have ever thought such as concern souls, to be as far above them, as the soul is above the body.  
This Pious work it was well approved by his Majesty, as we were informed, at our first taking of ●t; And I am sure of all the best Subjects, only the Diotrephes, that Saint John speaks of, (That love pre-eminence, and thrust their Brethren out of the Church) the Prelates of our time, that never did further, but ever hinder any good work that tended to the advancement of the gospel of Christ, if it did not Comply with their ambitions. But of them I will say no more, (you have said so much, and so well.) But for this Pious work I dare be bound to say, if it had continued, and not been suppressed, by their means, That by this time most of the Impropriations of this kingdom had been brought in, and laid unto the Church again. A work fit for such an Age as this, that hath enjoyed the gospel so long, to have propagated it to the dark corners of this kingdom, and this to be effected and done, not by a forced and strained exaction, but by a free and willing contribution of such as understand the nature of it, and saw the present good fruits and effect of it, which add much to the glory of it. The Contributions at first were very encouraging, and some underwit yearly good sums, others to every impropriation we brought certain sums; but towards the time of our unhappy dissolution the contribution grew much greater; for, not a week before we were suppressed, a Lady, yet living, sent us word, she would give a thousand pounds presently to the furtherance of the work, and many wills have since been altered that we heard off, that gave brave proportions to it. I never heard of, nor can yet see any such way to spread the gospel to the remote and blind corners of this kingdom, neither can we, for aught I know, ever hope to see Popery quelled, till a godly painful Ministry be established, and that will never be, till competent means be provided: both these had been effected, and the effects in time, would have manifested what I have said, and the benefit thereof would not only have extended to the Church, but also to the commonwealth; for where a good ministry is placed in a town, there idleness will be abolished, the poor and impotent children, and vagrant set on work, and His Majesty have gained true and loyal Subjects, such as he may repose himself in their loves and fidelities. It's the glory of our Religion, it was never stained with those hellish Plots, Massacres, and Treacheries against their sovereign; and if ever Popery be put down to purpose, it must be by the means of establishment of a powerful Ministry; then shall we see Satan fall down like Lightning, It must be the breath of the Lord that must abolish the man of sin. I deny not but good laws do well, but what through favour, conniving, and want of execution, we daily see they have not such good effect, as were to be wished: that I am confident, it must be the powerful conscionable Preaching ministry of the gospel, that must especially effect it, and to procure that, nothing will more conduce, than a full, free, and plentiful provision for the dispensers of it, and not for such as do least to have most. The Lord in mercy direct you, bless and prosper your proceedings, and in his good time, give us to enjoy the happy fruits and effects of your great, long, and unwearied pains.  
FINIS.