A BOOK OF FUNDS: OR, Some Reasonable PROJECTIONS and PROPOSALS for Raising Three Millions of Money per Annum, for Supplies, to be Granted His MAJESTY.  
By such WAYS and METHODS as will be least Burdensome to the People, during the War.  
Most Humbly Offered to the Consideration of Both Houses of PARLIAMENT.  
By Thomas Houghton of Lyme-Street, Gent.  
LONDON: Printed for the AUTHOR. 1696.   

A BOOK OF FUNDS, etc.  
THAT His Majesty would be Graciously Pleased to give in Charge and Command, That the LAWS be exactly Observed, and put in Execution, through all His Kingdoms and Dominions, against all Felons and Criminals, both by Sea and Land.— And for such as shall be Condemned, by due Course of Law, in England, Wales, and Berwick upon Tweed: That His Majesty be Addressed, by Both Houses of Parliament, That He would be most Graciously Pleased to spare and grant them their Lives upon the following Conditions, or upon such Terms as You (in Your Great Wisdom) shall Propose, and His Majesty most Graciously think fit, Murder only excepted.  

Proposal I.  
First, THAT Each and Every of them Pay to the King the full Value of what they stand Condemned for, be it Five Pounds, or Five Thousand Pounds, more or less: And the full Value of all such other Sum or Sums, as shall be proved upon them, for any former Fact or Facts whatsoever; together with Fifty Pounds for a Fine, whether the Crimes be Committed by Land or Sea.— And that they, and every of them, that are able to Pay and Discharge the said Sums, be also Banished, and Sold for Four Years to serve on Shipboard, or in some part of Africa, America, or East-India, unless they be able to procure and can pay Fifty Pounds more for every Years Service, which will make Two Hundred and Fifty Pounds to acquit them of their Fine and Banishment, having first discharged all other Sums they stand Condemned for, or shall be proved upon them, as aforesaid.  
Secondly, That he or she who is not able to pay and discharge the said Sums, be Banished, or Sold to some of the aforesaid Places during his or her Life; and to have the Letter R Burnt in their Cheek; which Letter will prevail with many to Pay, before they will be Burnt or Transported, if they can raise Money any way, and will discover such as Return; which if any do, they shall incur the like Penalties again.  
Thirdly, That the Africa and East-India Companies shall be obliged to take and Transport all such as cannot be disposed off to America; or, otherwise, Sold to some Captains, to serve on Shipboard; and shall Pay to the King Twenty Pounds a Head for every Male and Female, that is Unbranded, who is to serve but Four Years; and Forty Pounds a Head for all that are Marked with R, who shall be their Soldiers or Servants during Life.—  
Fourthly, That all Manslaughter, or accidental taking away of Life, be Punished with a Fine of Fifty Pounds, if the Slayers Real and Personal Estate be worth so much.— And if his or her Estate that shall be found Guilty of Manslaughter be worth Five Hundred Pounds or upwards, then to Pay Two Hundred and Fifty Pounds Fine; and if no Estate, nor cannot procure a Friend to Pay the Fifty Pounds, then to be Sold to one of the Companies for Forty Pounds for Seven Years, but not to be Marked with the Letter R; provided always, that there doth appear no Suspicion of any premeditated design of Killing; nor the Slayer himself, nor his Friends, are not to receive any Benefit or Advantage by the Death of the other.— And if any shall be set upon by a Thief in his House, in the Highway, or elsewhere, and Kills such a one in his own Defence, then to be freed from any Fine:— But that all Premeditated and Wilful Murder be Punished with Death, as the Law directs, where there appears a Design of Killing, and the Slayers Estate be disposed on, as is hereafter-mentioned.  
Fifthly, That all Dewellers, or such who shall Fight hereafter with any Mortal Weapon; as Sword, Rapier, Dagger, or any other sharp pointed or sharp edged Weapon of Iron or Steel,— He that Wounds or draws Blood of the other, if the Blood-Drawer be a Knight, or above the degree of a Knight, he to Pay Five Hundred Pounds for a Fine; and the Wounded Person, if a Knight, or above the degree of Knighthood, Four Hundred and Fifty Pounds; and if Both be Wounded, each Five Hundred Pounds, being Knights, or above that Degree, as aforesaid.— Provided always that there be Proof, or it doth appear that a Challenge hath been made by either of the Parties, before their Meeting to Fight.— And if Two such Persons Draw, and Fight immediately in the same Room, House, Field or Place where they begin their Quarrel, and Challenge one another, without a Quarter of an Hours Intermission of Time, than the Blood-Drawer to Pay but Two Hundred and Fifty Pounds, and the Wounded Person Two Hundred Pounds, because their Action or Quarrel may happen to be without Design or Premeditation: But if any longer Time passeth, or if one leaves the Room or Place where the Quarrel began, and they meet again, though never so soon, and Fight, than the Blood-Drawer to Pay Five Hundred Pounds, and the Wounded Person Four Hundred and Fifty Pounds; and if Both Wounded, each Five Hundred Pounds, as aforesaid, because they continue their Design and Resolution of Fight.  
Sixthly, If one be a Knight, or above the Degree of Knighthood; and the other an Esquire, Gentleman, or a Person of any other Reputation, the Wounding and Wounded Persons to Pay the Five Hundred and Four Hundred and Fifty Pound Fines, as aforesaid; Provided a Challenge hath been made by either of them before their Fight; or if there be a Quarter of an Hours Intermission of Time between the Beginning of their Quarrel, and the Time of Fight; or if they, or either of them, leave that Room or Place, and meet again, and Fight, if Blood be drawn by such Weapons, they to Pay the Fines aforesaid.— But if they Draw, and Fight immediately upon Words, in the Place where the Quarrel gins, than the Wounding and Wounded Persons to Pay the like Fines as are , where the Action was, without Design or Premeditation, (viz.) Two Hundred and Fifty, and Two Hundred Pounds.  
Seventhly, If any Knight, or Person above the Degree of a Knight, shall Draw, and Wound any Knight or Nobleman that hath no Sword; or if he hath a Sword, and that be undrawn, the Blood-Drawer to Pay One Thousand Pounds; and Five Hundred Pounds if it be upon any other Person under the Degree of a Knight.  
Eighthly, If any Esquire, Gentleman, or other Person, shall Draw, and Wound a Knight or Nobleman, that hath not a Sword; or if he hath a Sword, and that be undrawn, the Blood-Drawer to Pay One Thousand Pounds, or Sold for Forty Pounds to one of the Companies, during his Life, if he be unable; or if able, and unwilling to Pay the Fine aforesaid. And if any such shall Wound any other Person, not having a Sword drawn, the Blood-Drawer to Pay Two Hundred and Fifty Pounds, or be Sold for Forty Pounds, for Seven Years, to one of the Companies, as aforesaid.  
Ninthly, That where Two appoints to Fight a Dewel, if either be Killed, or Die of his Wounds after Fight; That His Majesty be Addressed not to Pardon the other, nor to give his Estate to any that shall endeavour to beg it, (upon any Pretence whatsoever) without Paying Five Thousand Pounds to the Government:— Or that his Estate be Sold for what it will make, or for so many Years as will raise Five Thousand Pounds, by a present Sale thereof; if the Slayer be a Knight, or above that Degree, or a Gentleman of an Estate, and shall Kill a Knight, or one that is Noble, upon such a Challenge, the Slayer to be Banished for Four Years, unless he will Pay Two Thousand Pounds more to acquit him of his Banishment: But if no Challenge hath been made, nor no premeditated Design of Fight, than such a Slayer only to Pay Five Thousand Pounds.  
Tenthly, If the Slayer be a Knight, or a Nobleman, and shall Kill an Esquire, Gentleman, or any other Person, upon a Challenge made some time before, that he be Fined Five Thousand Pounds.— And if he Kill him in a House, or in any Place, upon a Quarrel, arising from Words, without any premeditated Design or Cause of Fight, but what ariseth then from Words, both having their Swords drawn, then to Pay but Four Thousand Five Hundred Pounds.  
Eleventhly, If an Esquire, Gentleman, or a Person of any lower Reputation, shall Kill a Knight or Nobleman upon a Challenge made before their Fight, he to Pay Seven Thousand Pounds, if his Estate be worth so much; and if his Estate be not worth so much, to be Sold for the most it will make, and he Banished during his Life.— And if an Esquire, Gentleman, or other inferior Person, shall Kill a Knight or a Nobleman, in any Place, upon a Quarrel arising from Words, without any premeditated Design, or any visible or known Envy or Malice, but what happeneth at that instant time of Fight, if Both have Swords drawn, nevertheless, he to Pay Seven Thousand Pounds, if his Estate be worth so much.— And if his Estate be not worth so much, to be Sold for the most it will make, and he Banished during Life, as aforesaid.  
Twelfthly, If Two Persons, of what Reputation soever, under the Degrees of Knights, shall Challenge one another, and Fight, if one be Killed, that the Slayers Estate be Sold to raise Five Thousand Pounds for the Service of the Government.— And if his Estate be not worth so much, to be Sold for the most it will make, and he Banished for Seven Years.— But if any Person shall Kill another, by Defending himself, there having been no former Quarrel or Malice, nor no Challenge made, then to Pay the Fifty Pounds Fine for Manslaughter, and to be acquitted, or else to Serve Four Years Abroad, as aforesaid, if the Slain Person be not a Thief.  
Thirteenthly, And if any Person whatsoever shall wilfully Kill another, upon the Account of Malice, Drunkenness, or for Profit and Interest sake, whether the Dying Person hath a Sword drawn or not drawn; That His Majesty would be Graciously Pleased, that henceforwards the Estate of the Slayer may be Sold, and the Money arising from it converted to the Use of the Government, and his Person to Suffer Death, as the Law directs, or as His Majesty shall, in His Mercy, see Cause to dispose of it.  
Lastly, Be pleased to consider, the Felons and Criminals, by Sea and Land, in England, Wales, and Berwick upon Tweed, may be reckoned Three Thousand Yearly; many of which Paying great Fines, and Forfeiting Estates, 'tis probable, the Product may arise to One Hundred and Fifty Thousand Pounds per Annum; which, if you account but at Fifty Pounds a Head, one with another, will make up that Sum: And whereas Hanging them is a great Loss to the Nation, several ways, too long to be here recited; the Preservation of their Lives this way, will not only raise ready Money for the Service of the Government; but the Sending them Abroad will, in a few Years, increase the Power and Strength of the English in Foreign Parts, and will occasion a greater Expense and Demand of the English Manufactures; whereby Trade would be Increased, Foreign Places Strengthened, present Money by them here Raised, their Owners Abroad Enriched, Themselves Preserved, and the Nation Rid of Rogues, which, in Time, and change of Place, may grow Honest; so that it may be better to Raise One Hundred and Fifty Thousand Pounds per Annum this way, than to continue Hanging them, since daily Experience shows You, The Death of one doth not Discourage nor Reclaim another.   

Proposal II.  
WHEREAS there were some Debates in the Honourable House of Commons, the last Sessions of Parliament, for Laying a Duty upon Leather; which Duty, unless it was Charged very high, (viz.) Value for Value, would Raise but a very inconsiderable Sum: Therefore, to accomplish and effect it the better, in all Humility, I humbly Propose, That a Duty be laid upon all Green Skins and Raw Hides, together with the Bodies or Carcases of these Eatable Creatures jointly, leaving the Butcher or Slaughterer thereof, to Proportion and Charge this Duty upon the Body, Hid and Skin together, as he shall see Cause; and that he be Charged for every and each of them jointly, as followeth.  
 per Annum. l s d First, For all Lambs Skins and Carcases, Twelve Pence a piece; of which I compute to be Killed in England, Wales, and Berwick upon Tweed, Yearly, 600000 which comes to 030000 00 00 Secondly, For all Goats and Sheep Skins, and their Carcases; of which I compute to be Yearly Killed 1200000, at Two Shillings a piece, comes to 120000 00 00 Thirdly, For every Calf's Skin and Carcase; of which I reckon to be Killed Yearly 400000, at Two Shillings and Six Pence a piece, comes to 050000 00 00 Fourthly, For every Hog's-Head and Body, that is Killed, being upwards of Three Months Old; of which I reckon 300000, at Two Shillings and Six Pence a piece, comes to 037500 00 00 — And for all Pigs under that Age Two Pence a piece; of which I reckon 200000, which comes to 001666 13 04 Fifthly, For every Cow's Hyde and Carcase, Seven Shillings; of which I reckon 400000 Yearly comes to 140000 00 00 Sixthly, For every Ox, Bullock's and Bull's Hyde and Carcase, Twelve Shillings; of which I reckon to be Killed Yearly 400000, comes to 240000 00 00 Seventhly, For all Bucks, Body and Skin; of which I reckon 12000, at Five Shillings a piece, comes to 003000 00 00 Eighthly, For all Does, Body and Skin; of which I reckon also 12000, at Three Shillings and Six Pence a piece, comes to 002100 00 00 Ninthly, For all Hares and Rabbits, Bodies and Skins, at Six Shillings the Hundred; of which I compute 2000000 Killed Yearly, 120 being reckoned to the Hundred, comes to 006662 13 04  
Tenthly, And that the Fishmongers and Poulterers may not have an Advantage of the Butchers, in the Sale of their Fish and Fowl, It may be reasonable to lay a Duty upon all Pullen, and the same upon all salt and fresh Fish, arising to about Five Pounds per Cent. And to render the Assessing and Collecting of these Duties more easy and equal; That the Justices of the Peace, and the Assessors of the King's Taxes in every Parish, be enjoined, by Act of Parliament, to make Enquiry, or cause Enquiry to be made, and to obtain the best Information they can concerning the Quantity of each Person's Trade that deals in these Commodities, in their respective Parishes; and to Assess and Charge him or her with a Quarterly Payment, that hath a greater or lesser Trade accordingly;— that is to say, Five Pounds upon him that deals for a Hundred Pounds per Annum; and Thirty Pounds Yearly upon him that Trades for Six Hundred Pounds a Year in those Goods; but no Fishmonger nor Poulterer to Pay above Thirty Pounds, nor less than Five Pounds per Annum, their Trades being never so great or small.  
 l s d Eleventhly, That all Foreign Hides, Skins, and Furs, be Taxed in the same manner, by Charging the Importer, Furrier, or Person Dealing in them, with a Duty of Five Pounds per Cent. which Duties of Fish and Fowl, being added to this of Foreign Hides, Furs, and Skins, will Raise 60000 Pounds Yearly; and will make up the Sums aforegoing in this Paragraph, per Annum, 690929 06 08  
Twelfthly, That Leaden-Hall-Market remain the Place (as it now is) for Sale of all Oxen, Bullock's, Bull's and Cow's Hides, on the usual Days of Sale, for all such as shall be Slaughtered in the City and Suburbs, or within Five Miles of London, or a greater distance, if the Owners find it Beneficial to bring them thither:— And that Southwark, White-Chappel, Smithfield, Clare-Market, and St. James'- Market, with such other Places as the Officers and Collectors shall find convenient, be appointed for the Sale of all Lambs, Sheep, Goats, Bucks, Does and Calves Skins, on their usual Days of Sale, between the Hours of Seven and Twelve of the Clock in the Forenoon, which shall be Slaughtered in any Place within the Compass of the Bills of Mortality:— And for all other Parts of England, Wales, and Berwick upon Tweed, that convenient Times and Places be appointed by the Officers and Collectors, for the Sale of all Raw Hides and Skins, as aforesaid.— And that no Person presume to carry away any Hyde or Skin till the Officer or Collector hath seen and told them over, although they may Buy and Sell, or Agree for the same before.— And if any Person shall Buy, Sell, Conceal and Carry away any Hyde or Skin, which the Officer hath not seen, and taken an Account thereof; the Buyer and Seller to Forfeit each of them Five Pounds for every such Hyde or Skin he or she shall so Buy, Sell, or Conceal from the Officer, as aforesaid, if Discovered; one half to go to the King, and the other half to the Informer and Officer that makes the Seizure.  
Lastly, In regard Money must be Raised one way or another for the Support of the Government, if Equity may take place amongst the People, there will be little Reason for any to complain, why this Imposition or Duty should not be thus Charged; for in these Duties every Person will be Taxed, and Pay more or less, according to the Quantity he or she useth; if Poor, they use little, and therefore Pay the less; if Rich, they Pay the more, in Proportion to what their Expense and Consumptions are; so that nothing can be more equally laid, and Charged upon the People, than the Taxes aforesaid.— And for the Butchers, Tanners, Fell-mongers, Poulterers, and Fishmongers, they will have no Cause of Objection; for although they shall Pay these Taxes to the King in gross Sums, the People, or Buyers of their Commodities, pay it them again with Advantage, by Parcels.— And for the whole Duty itself, upon the Carcase and Skin, if reckoned together, will not rise to a Farthing a Pound, one with another, which Charge is a very inconsiderable Burden, and is no more but what they now may be out-witted in, or Cheated of by the Seller, without being thus Charged.   

Proposal III.  
 l s d First, THAT a Duty of Twenty Shillings for every Hundred Weight be laid upon all Hops, when, and so long as they are under Five Pounds the Hundred; and when they are Five Pounds the Hundred, or upwards, that the Duty be then reduced to Ten Shillings the Hundred during the time they continue so. This Duty the People may dispense with, because sometimes they Pay Seven or Eight Pounds the Hundred for them; which Duty may raise per Annum, 012000 00 00 Secondly, That a Duty of Five Pounds per Annum be laid upon all Carts, and Carmen that own them, within the Cities of London and Westminster; and upon all such as are driven and wrought within any part of the Bills of Mortality, of which I compute there are 3000; so that this Duty would certainly raise, per Annum, 012000 00 00 Thirdly, That a Duty of Six Pounds per Cent. be laid upon all Iron cast Guns, Pots, Kettles, Chimney-pieces; and upon Nails, Scythes, Sickles, Hooks, Knives, Raiziors, Scissors, and upon all other Iron and Steeled Ware whatsoever, that is cast or wrought up; the Duty to be collected at the Place where they are cast, made, and wrought up, or where they are brought together in Quantities; which Duty may raise, per Annum, 015000 00 00 Fourthly, For Encouraging the Iron and Copper Works that are now going in England and Wales; That a further Duty of Five Pounds, for every Hundred pounds' Worth, more than what there now is, be laid upon all Foreign Iron, Cast or Uncast; and upon all Steel, Latin, Battery and Wyre, that shall be Imported after the Day of next ensuing; which Duty may raise, per Annum, near 010000 00 00 Fifthly, That a Duty be laid upon all Coppers of Ten Shillings per Tun; and a Duty of Twenty Shillings per Tun upon all Alum; which Duties may raise, per Annum, 008000 00 00 Sixthly, That a Duty of Two Shillings and Six Pence the Tun be laid upon all empty Cask, as 'tis wrought up; of which I reckon there is Yearly made 200000 Tons; which Duty will raise, per Annum, 025000 00 00 Seventhly, In regard there is a great Consumption of Hemp, for making Roaps, and all sorts of Cordage; That a Duty of Five Pounds per Cent. that is, for every Hundred pounds' Worth, be further Charged upon all Hemp and Flax that shall be Imported after the Day of next ensuing; which Duty may raise, per Annum, 010000 00 00 Eighthly, That a Duty of Five Shillings per Hundred Weight be laid upon all Tin, and Collected at the Mills where 'tis made; which Duty may raise, per Annum, 005000 00 00 — And that a further Duty of Twenty Shillings the Fodder, be laid upon all Lead and Shot that shall be Shipped from any of these Ports following, to go beyond Sea, (viz.) from Newcastle, Yarm, or Stockton; Hull, Yarmouth and Bristol; because it may be carried from these Places on our own Coast, to several Places beyond Seas, Cheaper than it can be brought from our own Sea-Coast-Towns, to London; which Duty may raise, per Annum, about 006000 00 00  
Ninthly, It would be a great Advantage to this Kingdom, and the Foreigners would be brought to bear part of our Charges of the War, if all the Goods and Marufactures of our own Growth, which are Exported from every Seaport, but only the Port of London, were charged with a Double Duty to what they now are. For, if You please to consider, most of our Goods that come from the Inland parts to London, are brought up by Land-Carriage, which, when Shipped from London, Carriage, Warehouse, out-Room, and all other things considered, stand in Six Pounds, and some in Eight Pounds, per Cent. more than they cost those that Ship them from th● other Seaports;— which Advantage the Foreigners gain by sending their Commissions to their Correspondents at those Places for them;— so that when the Merchants in and about this City have Shipped their Goods from the Port of London, and sent them to such Places Abroad, they find themselves defeated, and extremely disappointed in the Price and Sale of their Goods there, because the Foreigner is able to show them many of the same sorts in his Warehouse at a cheaper Price, by Six Pounds, Eight Pounds, and Ten Pounds per Cent. than the London Merchant can afford them. Therefore, to remove this Mischief, which, as it now stands, is a great Loss to the King and Kingdom,— with all Submission, I humbly Propose,—  
 l s d That a double Duty Outwards may be laid upon all Goods, during the Wars, that are Shipped from any Place in England and Wales, the Port of London only excepted; which would reduce these Ports, and the Port of London, to be something more equal to one another, and the Foreigner would then pay much the same, or near the like Prices, for the Goods, whether he hath them from London, or elsewhere: And this Duty, I reckon, would raise the King near 200000 Pounds per Annum, which the Foreigners now gain of us: So that the Duties in the several Articles of this Third Proposal, will amount to, per Annum, 303000 00 00   

Proposal IU.  
First, THAT a Duty of Forty Shillings per Cent. be laid upon the last Will and Testament of every dying Person that dies worth Fifty Pounds, or upwards:— That is to say, he that Dies worith Fifty Pounds, and not One Hundred Pounds, shall pay but Twenty Shillings; and he that Dies worth One Hundred Pounds, shall pay Forty Shillings; and so for every Hundred Pound he Dies worth, till the Sum he Dies possessed of ariseth to Ten Thousand Pounds: And that none be charged for any Sum beyond or above Ten Thousand Pounds, nor for any Sum under Fifty Pounds: So that the highest Sum paid the King in this Tax, will be Two Hundred Pounds; and the lowest, Twenty Shillings.— And for the Reasonableness of this Tax being thus charged, none will have occasion to complain;— Because, the dying Persons, from whose Estate or Substance this Tax will arise and proceed, need not grieve or repine before their Death; for this reason, whilst they Live, they pay nothing, and when they are Dead they will want no more: Besides, Two Hundred Pounds is better paid this way, and will do more good than Five Hundred Pounds left to a pretended Charitable use, and Extravagantly consumed, either in that, or Funeral Pomp.— And for the Heirs, Heiresses, Coheirs, Executors and Administrators of the Deceasing Persons, they will have no reason to complain, or grudge the Payment thereof, in regard Forty Nine times as much more is fallen to them: And this may happen to most of them many times unexpectedly, or without any Trouble, Care or Cost of theirs; so that they will be Gainers in happening to be the Persons charged herewith.  
 l s d — The like Duty to be charged upon all that Die Intestate, from Fifty Pounds to Ten Thousand Pounds, as aforesaid; which Tax may raise, per Annum, near 200000 00 00  
Secondly, That a Duty be laid upon all Windmills and Water-Mills, for whatsoever Use or Uses they are employed in; And that the Justices of the Peace, and Assessors of the King's-Taxes in every County, and the particular Parishes thereof, be strictly Charged and Commanded, that they, or some Two of them, view the Mills before they are rated, and give in upon Oath, to the best of their Knowledge, the truest Account they can obtain, by making enquiry of the Value or Produce each and every Mill makes Yearly, in their respective Parishes.  
For Example.  
Suppose a Corn-Mill, or any other Mill, be worth Forty or Eighty Pounds a Year; and makes so much to the Owner and Miller out of the produce now, more or less;— That the same Mill be charged with the like Sum for a Yearly Duty or Tax to be paid the King; for these Reasons.  
It is not the Owner of the Mill, nor he that Rents it by the Year, nor he that hath it in Lease, that will pay this Tax or Duty; but the People that bring or send their Corn to be ground there, paying a double Toll to what they did before; That only will pay the King this Duty or Tax, and not the Owner, Farmer or Renter of the Mill, as is before-said; so that whether the Tax laid upon the Mill, be greater or lesser, it will pay but as it is Customed, and as there are more or less Thousands of People spend what comes from it; and no one will pay more or less than his Proportion; for a poor Person that spends but Six Pence or Nine Pence a Week in Bread, will pay no more of this Tax than his Proportion comes to; and he that spends Fifty Shillings or Five Pounds a Week, will pay the full of his Proportion; so that this Tax will be equal to all People, according to their Degrees, and will appear no Burden to the Meanest sort of them, if charged this way, who will more freely, and with greater Content, pay a Tax of Ten Shillings Yearly thus charged, than if an Officer should demand but Two Shillings of them in Money. And the Assessors are to consider, if a Man Rents a Mill at Twenty Pounds a Year, he must get Twenty Pounds more by it to maintain him, besides the Rent he pays; and when the Toll comes to be doubled, it will be worth Eighty Pounds in all; of which, Twenty Pounds goes for the Rent, and Twenty Pounds to the Miller, and Forty Pounds per Annum for the King: So that the Assessors may take this for a Rule, That the King's-Duty be equal to the whole Produce of the Mill, the Owner's Rent, and what the Imployer makes, being reckoned together: That the same Rule be observed, in Charging all other Mills according to their Yearly Produce, and not Yearly Rend.  
Thirdly, This Tax will raise Eight Hundred Thousand Pounds per Annum, and will be the easiest Collected, the least Burdensome to the People, and the most Equal of all other Taxes and Impositions that can be found; for I may truly say, There are Five Millions of People in England and Wales, who had rather pay a Halfpenny or a Penny at a time for their Bread, and all such other Commodities as shall be prepared or come from any of these Mills, when 've occasion to use them, though it rise in the Year to Ten Shillings, more willingly, than if any Officer or Collector should come to demand One Shilling in Money of them; the reason is, because one goes away in small inconsiderable Parcels, and the other in a Sum saved together.— And this may be granted, for a Maxim in all Taxes and Impositions, Where the People are Taxed, and no Officer comes to demand it in Money, they undergo such Taxes freely and contentedly; and many had rather pay Twenty Shillings per Annum so, than Two Shillings in Money demanded together.  
Fourthly, Whereas, by the Act of Tonnage and Poundage, made in the Twelfth Year of King Charles the Second, all Aliens and Strangers were to pay a double Subsidy or Duty for all the Manufactures and Goods of the Product of this Kingdom they Exported; which Custom or Duty was taken off, and they freed from it by the Twenty Fifth of Charles the Second; whereby all Aliens, Denizens, and Strangers, pay no other Customs for any Goods of the Product of this Kingdom, which they Export, but what the King's freeborn Subjects do:— Therefore, in regard of this great Privilege, which all Aliens now have and enjoy, equal to the King's freeborn Subjects: And forasmuch as many of them living here get Estates, and then remove;— It may be reasonable either to charge them with the double Subsidy or Custom again, as they formerly paid it; or else, that it may be Enacted;— That every Gentleman or Merchant, who is an Alien, and not Naturalised, shall either pay Five Pounds per Annum to the King, during his Abode in England; or Twenty Pounds for being Naturalised; and Ten Pounds for his Wife, and Ten Shillings a piece for his Children: And any Widow or Maid that is an Alien, to be Naturalised for Ten Pounds.  
Fifthly, And whereas there are Multitudes of Aliens, who are Mechanics; That all such, whether they be Masters of Families, or single Men, and are worth One Hundred Pounds, may either pay Twenty Shillings a Year to the King, or Five Pounds to be Naturalised; and Fifty Shillings for every Wife of such a Man, and Ten Shillings for a Child. And for all such as are not worth One Hundred Pounds, to pay the same with Servants, (viz.) Five Shillings per Annum, for all that are upward of Twenty Years of Age; And if any such desire to be Naturalised, that they may be so, for Payment of their Five Pounds.  
 l s d These Duties will induce and prevail with many to be Naturalised, whereby there will be great Sums of Money raised, either from the double Duties , or by such as shall have a mind to be Naturalised, or from the Annual Payments, as aforesaid; the least of which Ways may raise, per Annum, 150000 00 00   

Proposal V  
1. THAT whereas, not only in the Seaports of England, Wales, and Berwick upon Tweed, but also in the Members and Creeks thereunto belonging, many Persons have, and do yet practise fraudulent ways, and Cheat the King of His Customs, by smuggling and running Goods on Shoar, without Paying any Duties for them.  
 l s d In all Dutiful Submission, I humbly Propose, That henceforward the Goods may not only be Forfieted, if Seized; but that a Fine of Fifty Pounds, for every Five pounds' worth of Goods, more or less in Proportion, that shall be so run or concealed, may be set upon the Person that runs or owns them, if taken; and the same Fine upon him or her in whose House or Custody they shall be found or Seized: By which means the King will either have his Customs better paid, and thereby advance Him more Money; or else, there will be considerable Sums raised by Fines and Seizures; which may produce, per Annum, 100000 00 00  
And if any shall run Goods, who, being taken, are not able to pay the Fines, to be Imprisoned till the Fines are discharged; and that one half of all such Fines may go to the King, and the other half equally divided between the Officer that seizeth, and the Informer; and that the Officer, or any other Person that hath a Suspicion of Goods to be run, may call a Constable, and search for them, and if hindered, the Person so hindering to be fined One Hundred Pounds; one half to be paid the King, and the other half to the Officer and Informer.  
 l s d Secondly, That a Duty of Five Shillings per Annum be charged upon all Persons that wear Wigs, being upwards of Sixteen Years of Age; and that all Apprentices to working Trades, and such Servants as serve for under Ten. Pounds per Annum, be excepted in this Tax; but that all others wearing Wigs pay; of which I reckon 500000 People, at Five Shillings a Head, cometh to, per Annum, 150000 00 00 Thirdly, That a Duty of Five Shillings per Annum be laid upon such as wear Swords, all the Officers and Soldiers, by Sea and Land, and such Servants as attend or belong to the Court, and all that wear Liveries, being excepted; of which I reckon 200000 Persons, at Five Shillings a Man, cometh to, per Annum, 050000 00 00 Fourthly, That a Duty of Twelve Pence a Thousand, or one Thirteenth part they are Sold at, be laid upon all Bricks and Tiles, at the Kilns where they shall be made; of which Bricks and Tiles I reckon there are Yearly made as many as are worth Two Millions of Pounds; so that one Thirteenth part for the King's Duty will raise, 153846 03 00  
— And if any Person shall make Bricks and Tiles for his own Use, to pay after the Proportion such Bricks and Tiles are worth, or sold for the Thousand in that Country or Place where they are made.  
Fifthly, I Humbly Propose, That You would be pleased to Address His Majesty, for Liberty to Erect a Fine Office, to be kept at Grocers-Hall, in the City of London, to be managed by such Persons as the Lords of the Treasury, together with the Governor and Deputy-Governour of the BANK, shall think fit to appoint.— In which Office, to be kept a List and Catalogue of all the Offices dependant on the Crown; and of all Officers and Servants Names excepting these following, and such others as You, in Your Great Wisdom, shall think fit further to except. (viz.)  

EXCEPTED.  
I. All such as are within the Degree of Nobility, in what Post, Station or Function soever they are.  
II. All the Officers in the Army above the Post of Captains.  
III. All Admirals, Vice-admirals', and Rearadmirals', at Sea.  
iv The Lords of the Treasury.  
V All such as Wait and Attend upon his Majesty's Person.   
And that an Account may be taken of the Names and Employments of all others, both by Sea and Land, that are Officers, except such as are in the Army, and what their Salaries may be worth Yearly, which each and every of them receives from the Crown; together with all Perquisites belonging to their respective Offices and Employments; whether in the Exchequer, Treasury, Posthouse, Customhouse, Excise-Office, Admiralty, Office of Ordinance, Navy-Office, or in any other Office or Employment whatsoever dependant on the Crown; for which they receive Salaries from the King, or Fees and Perquisites from the People; That all and every of them, Serving the King by Land, from the highest to the lowest Employment, for Payment of One Years Salary into this Fine-Office, for the Use of the King, may be established in his Employment during Life; provided he be not found guilty of Negligence, Insufficiency, or Dishonesty; if any of which be fairly proved against him, to be Discharged.— And that Printed Certificates be ready in this Fine-Office, to be given to all Persons upon Payment of their Fines.  
Sixthly, That the Act of Parliament, relating to this Fine-Office, (if it be set up) may demonstrate and set forth, for the Benefit of the King, and Information of the People,— That all Persons who are now out of Office, and desire to be Employed, under the King, in the Exchequer, Posthouse, Customhouse, Excise-Office, or in any other Office, Post or Station whatsoever, either by Land or Sea, as hereafter-mentioned,— That if they, or their Friends, go to this Fine-Office, and pay One Years Salary in, for the Use of the King, (let the Fine be for a greater or lesser Office,) That their Names shall be there Registered, and they served with the first Office that falls, suitable to the Proportion of the Fine paid in, To Have and to Hold it during Life, with a Certificate for the same, upon the Conditions aforesaid; that is to say, for a Fifty Pound Fine, a Place of Fifty Pounds per Annum; and for a Hundred Pound Fine, a Hundred Pounds per Annum; and so for a Thousand Pounds, more or less, according to the Value of the highest Office of Employment there is under the King Yearly; and that every Man be served according to Priority of the Payment of his Fine, always excepting the before-excepted Persons, and their Employments.  
Seventhly, That if any of the King's Officers or Servants, whose Business is at Land; as in the Exchequer, Customhouse, Posthouse, or in any other Office, from the highest to the lowest Station whatsoever, excepting the before-excepted, and such others as You shall think fit to except, be unwilling, or neglecteth to pay the Value of One Years Salary for his Employment into this Fine-Office, in Three months' Time next after public Notice is given in the Gazette, for all Officers to make their Payments;— That such Person so neglecting be discharged, and turned out of his Office, and the first Man that stands in the Register for the like Office, according to the priority of the Payment of his Fine, be put in.  
Eighthly, That all Officers in the Army be free, and excused from paying any Fines for the present Offices they are in:— But for the Encouragement of all such who are out of Office, and desirous to serve His Majesty in the Army, in Expectation of Preferment, by Entering into Offices, as they become empty; That Fifty Pounds paid into this Fine-Office, by a fit Person, may be accepted as a Fine for a Captain's Place in the Guards, and so proportionably for other inferior Officers; and Forty Pounds for a Captain's Place in every other Regiment of Horse or Foot, and so in proportion for all other lower Offices: whereby many Persons, who are willing to try their Fortunes, in Hopes of Preferment, will pay in Fines, and attend the Army as Volunteers, having Certificates to introduce them, as Places fall: And that all such behaving themselves well; and performing their Duty as they ought to do, may continue in their Employments (and advance themselves if they can) during the War, or so long as His Majesty shall have occasion for them.  
Ninthly, That all Captains, Lieutenants, and other Officers that serve His Majesty by Sea, who have behaved themselves Honestly, and are able and fit to perform their Employments, may continue in their Offices till just cause shall be found to remove them.— But for the Encouragement of all such who are out of Office, being fitly qualified, and are desirous to serve His Majesty at Sea, in hopes of Preferment, as Places fall;— That such Persons paying a Hundred Pounds into the Fine-Office, may be accepted as a Fine for a Captain's Place in any of the King's Ships, that are not of the First, Second and Third Rates, being a Person well known, and fitly qualified, as aforesaid; and Eighty Pound for a Lieutenant and Purser's Place, and so proportionable for other inferior Officers; for which Places, any Persons to have Liberty to Fine, being willing to go on board, in hopes of Preferment; and that all such having Certificates, may continue in their Employments so long as His Majesty shall have occasion for them, performing their Business as it ought to be done:— Which Fines the First Year, may raise near 500000 Pounds; and 200000 Pounds per Annum after. To prove the Reasonableness of this Fine-Office and Fines, I shall not enlarge; only say, in my Opinion, He that will not pay One Years Salary to secure him in his Employment, during Life, upon his good Behaviour, deserves no Office or Commission at all under the King; for, in regard Money must be raised, it is but reasonable they should assist Him that supports them.   

Proposal VI.  
IN Order to remove the growing Difficulties that attend the Coin, with the Obstuction of Trade; and to make the Circumstances which now clog Commerce, and all Payments more easy to the People, who daily groan under great Discontent.  
In all Dutiful Submission, I humbly Propose,  
First, That, with all Expedition, You cause Three Millions of Parliamentary Notes to be Stamped, and Printed upon such Marbled Paper, and so Marked, as not to be Counterfeited, from Five Pounds a Note, to Five Hundred Pounds; which Notes to be to this Effect following:  

No. 1. 169  
Parliamentary Note for the County of Derby.  
THIS Note Entitleth John Wood of Middleton, in the Parish of Worksworth, and County aforesaid, or the Bearer hereof, unto One Hundred Pounds.  Witness our Hands 

A. B. Sheriff.  
C. D. justice of the Peace.  
E. F. justice of the Peace.  
G. H. Deputy-Receiver.  
J. K. Deputy-Receiver.    
And if You think fit, the Names of every Person, whose Hands these Bills pass through, may be ordered to be put on the backside; whereby they may be traced from the last to the first, by the Sheriff, if any should be Counterfeited or Suspected.  
Note. Very few of these Bills will pass through Six Hands before they are called in.  
Secondly, That these Parliamentary Notes be immediately dispatched to all the Sheriffs in England, Wales, and Berwick upon Tweed; And that You apply Thirty or Forty Thousand Pounds in these Notes to every County, more or less, to supply the Trade thereof, as You, in Your Great Wisdom, shall think fit to appoint.  
Thirdly, That You Petition for His Majesty's Proclamation, to be issued along with these Notes, Commanding the Sheriffs and Justices of the Peace to meet immediately, in Order to take in and receive the People's Money, and that they pay it to them accordingly.  
Fourthly, That the Sheriffs, Justices of the Peace, or their Deputies, do deliver out these Notes, upon the Receipt of the People's Money, and take it in by Tale and Weight, according to the Directions I have laid down in the Book, Entitled, The Alteration of the Coyn.  
Fifthly, That for a Hundred Pounds received in Clipped Money, the Officer give out a Parliamentary Note of a Hundred Pounds, which shall pass for so much Currant Money till they receive the Value in Money New Coined; and so for any Sum, more or less, which, when paid, makes their Damage good.  
Sixthly, That when the Sheriffs are furnished with Money from the Tower, they call in all these Notes, and pay the People, and return them to Your Honours.  
Seventhly, That 'tis necessary to take the Weight of the Money, to know what Loss there will be upon every Hundred Pounds, more or less, by Comparing the Weight of a Hundred Pounds of Clipped Money, with a Hundred Pounds of New Money; and to whom each Loss must be made good.  
Eighthly, That the Difference of the Weight between a Hundred Pounds, more or less, of Clipped Money, and the like Sum, by Tale of New Money, be specified on the back of each Note that is given for it; whereby You may immediately know the Loss each County brings forth by their Clipped Money.  
Ninthly, That the Sheriffs, Justices of the Peace, or their Deputies, observe the Directions in the  Book, for keeping the People's Money separate, otherwise, all will be in Confusion, if one Person's Money be mixed with another; and also, in packing it up, and hasting it to the Tower, or such Place you appoint for Coinage: and the like Care to be taken for the speedy Return of it to them again.  
Tenthly, That all the Parliamentary Notes be Signed by the Sheriffs, Two Justices of the Peace, and Two of their Deputies; which Notes may be returned to You, or Your Order, again, in a few Months, if speedy Care be taken; and that none of them be allowed to pass for Money out of the County they are assigned to: And that 1500000 Pounds in these Notes be appropriated to pass in the Cities of London and Westminster, and County of Middlesex; which Notes will reduce the Exchange, and make it par ipso facto, upon their coming forth.  
Eleventhly, That, with all Expedition, Care be taken for Settling of Funds, not only for a further Supply of the Deficiency of the Clipped Money; for which, the 1200000 Pounds, I believe will fall much short: but Funds upon which You may take up what Money the Bank of England, the Orphan's Bank, and the Million Bank, can spare, or of any single Person or Society, where Money is to be had, giving them Parliamentary Notes for the Value thereof: for before any lends or parts with their Money, enquiry will be made upon what Fund, and when they shall have it again, if this 1200000 Pounds falls short.  
Twelfthly, By Delivering out of these Notes, the Clipped Money will be faster brought in, than it can be Coined; and the People, by help of them, will be able to carry on their Trade till New Money comes forth; who, if not supplied with such Notes, or something that will pass for the Value of what they are to part with, will meet with great Disappointments in their Affairs, and be very slow in bringing in their Money, which will not only be a great Prejudice and Delay to the Coinage, but also may affect and retard the King's Business in the next Campaign.  
Thirteenthly, For the Conveniency of the Poorer sort of People, and to keep them from Disorders, of whom there are Two Millions, who can have but little Credit; it is absolutely necessary, That speedy Orders be given for setting up Six Mills, to Coin Copper into Pence, Halfpences, and Farthings, of equal Value with the Copper; and that Twenty Tons be so Coined, and the Business followed Night and Day, till it is dispatched.— The Undertakers to be allowed Twelve or Fourteen Pounds per Cent. by the Government, for their Copper and Workmanship, and to take their Copper Coin in again when the New Money comes forth, and a Fund settled to pay them.  
Much more might be said concerning the Coin and Coinage; but till Funds are settled, and Parliamentary Notes given out, it will be difficult for You to proceed in Methods to Your own Satisfaction, or the People's Content; whose Clamours will increase daily, till they are enabled some way to pay and receive, and the Poor more plentifully fitted with Change, or small Money.  
It is also necessary, That the New Coined Money be made one Sixth part broader than it was before, which will prevent the Counterfeiting of it, and make all those false Stamps and Ways they have now to Cast it, useless;— for, if it be Coined of the same Size it was, or if King Charles and King James' Money may yet pass, You will have as much Counterfeited of those kinds in a few Months, as there is now of it really good.  
Lastly, Before the Conclusion of this Session of Parliament, That effectual Laws be made to prevent the Melting down of the New Coin, with respect to the Importing and Exporting of Bullion; concerning which, there may be such Methods taken as will prevent the Melting down and Exporting of the New Money; (which Ways I have not Time now to lay down) for You may conclude, Your Enemies Abroad, and Malcontents at Home, with many others, for Interest sake, will have Designs upon it: Which, that You may do all You can to prevent, is what offers at present upon this Subject,  
By Your most Humble, And most Obedient Servant, T. H.    

Page 15. Line 25. for Coppers, read Copperas.