Munster and Abingdon Or the Open Rebellion there, and Unhappy Tumult here. (Bred in the same womb) THAT From sleidan's Comm. L. 10. THIS From eye and ear witnesses. With Marginal Notes of MUNCER and MAHOMET. Faithfully communicated to English Readers, in a Book and Postscript, For A seasonable Caution to the British Nation. And A serious check to rash and Giddy spirits.  
By W. H.  2 Tim. 3, 1, 2, 3, 4. 
In the last days perilous times shall come; for men shall be lovers of their own selves— despisers of those that are good, Traitors, heady, high minded etc.  Matth. 24.24. 
For there shall arise false Christ's and false Prophets— insomuch that (if it were possible) they shall deceive the very Elect.  Mark. 13.37. 
What I say to you I say to all, WATCH.  
OXFORD. Printed by HENRY HALL. Printer to the University, for ROBERT BLAGRAVE. 1657.   

The Books Request.  
Hear me, but out, My Judge, before Thou sentence pass; I'll ask no more.   

The Translators Preface.  
Serious Reader,  
THe Husbandman was not more diligent to sow his corn, than the 
a Matth. 13.25.  Enemy was to scatter tares among it. The Event doth prove this was no less prophetical than Historical. Where ever was a Christian Reformation set on foot, but a Devilish Deformation dogged it at the very heels? Let a Church for Christ be setting up, 'tis hard but Satan's Chapel mates it. To spy abroad for observations of this kind is to overlook the beam at home. Ask but the seven years passed with us, and you shall quickly find, this land hath not enjoyed its Sabbath from this sort of Sowers yet. Not, but that we see, and thankfully acknowledge a hopeful harvest of better fruits. But when the Laborers are so few already, that a design should drive so Jehu-like to keep off others, yea turn off these, (though such as Christ hath set on work, and prospered in it to the bringing in of all, or most that are not yet abroad) to turn off these, I say, sure this makes plain to half an eye there, is no friend at work. Yet do not we see those spirits, wide as Dover and Newcastle from one another, and themselves too oft, meet here? And to cry down the public Ministry, as eager as they to cry up (b) Diana? A plot, 
Act. 19.28.  whether less Christian, or Humane, I cannot tell. Let me say nothing, the thing itself will speak, that since their time, who were immediately called from heaven, the Godly-learned Ministers were the men that planted, watered, yea and soiled with their very blood the Church of Christ in every age. Were they not those that, under God, did first deliver our souls from Antichristian bondage at the utmost peril of their own bodies? Witness Luther, Zuinglius, Caluin: Latimer, Ridly, Hooper, Bradford, and that cloud of others staked at the fire in England. Who else have been the spiritual Fathers to the thousands of faithful holy souls (now gone to heaven) for the hundred year's last passed, with us and other places: yea, and begat to grace and knowledge those (therewith endued) whose violence now against them labours to make requital with worse than Cashiering for their service? Which were it once effected, and no public Ministry longer left among us, into what a doleful, heathenish, hellish, plight, those many hundred parishes (too ignorant and profane already) in these Nations would be quickly cast? specially since we see the Devil and his drudges are not idle, Reader, let thy sad thoughts resolve thee. O dismal day when Judgement sends a famine, 
Amos 8.11  not of bread but of the word of God, 
Nu. 21.5.  upon a Land that fell to loathing of it! We know, with God all things are possible, but know not, why to look for miracles, and leave off such a course himself apppointed, and from heaven so long and often hath approved. And then for inhumanity, what is more barbarous than that so many hundred families of Godly Ministers, to whom we are so nearly related as men, in a manner of the same flesh and blood with ourselves; and to whom we own so much as Christians, should, for no other fault but their well deserving at our hands, be turned out of their propriety, and sent a begging, against all right and reason, as we speak, all Law and Conscience? Blessed be God, our former Governors have washed their hands of any such like business, and we nothing doubt but that such special grace is present with those now present at the Helm that they will continue to abhor it. And we trust, through mercy, notwithstanding all the catching at the stirrup by some furious spirits, they never shall be able to dismount the Riders to get themselves into the saddle. Let what there will be uppermost 'tis sadly feared (if not plainly manifest) such a business lieth at the bottom. Should which time come, what fence another man's propriety can get when the Ministers shall lie common you'll quickly see unto your Costs. Mean while, for a Comment on the whole, Reader, Ibeseech the read & well consider the ensuing story: where thou shalt Find a pretended zeal for setting up Christ's Kingdom on the earth made usher (oh most dreadfully!) to the verydregs of villainies spit from Hell.  
The truth of which said story on understanding and indifferent person will ever call to question. But yet because absurdities are so much in fashion, let me entreat the scrupulous person (for such there are too many) to consider what beams of evidence he shuts his eyes against: How likely is it we should be abused in a business—  
First, So public: not done in a Corner, 
This Story 1. Public.  but the principal City of Westphalia, Munster. 2. So many Councils sitting in the Empire about it. 3. An Army of many thousands raised for it. 4. And a siege almost a year and half before the City, ere it could be taken: with yet much more like that.  
Secondly, 
2. La'e Anno. 1517 Ann. 1536  and so late: After Luther had began the Reformation some nine-teene years, and now just sixscore since those stirs were ended.  
Thirdly, 
3. Near.  so near us: not in Tartary, China or the Indies (though thence we have intelligence that goes for currant) but in Germany, and that part thereof that borders on the Low Countries: almost at home.  
Lastly, 
4. And having multitudes of Authentic Authors.  and that hath so many credible Authors. Luther, Melancthon, Bullinger, Menius, and Rhegius, with scores of others, were it worth the while, that might be named. And now these, 1. so far from Papists, as first restorers of the Gospel. 2. Men of eminent piety. 3. That lived in the same Country. 4. At the same time, spectators, in a manner, of the whole business from first to last. And for this Author Mr Sleidan; He was a Protestant, one fearing God, and then living there, and of great esteem and credit amongst all professors of the Gospel, and deservedly famous for his writings to past, and present, and succeeding ages: and which is of special notice, one that took not any thing upon mere hearsay, but all either of his own knowledge, or out of public Records.  
He that will not yet believe it, doubts happily of our bloody Marian days, the eighty eight Invasion, the powder Plot, the fight at Edg-Hill. It may be whether the woman, that bred, and brought him forth, be his own mother. And so is worthy not of words but stripes for gaining his assent.  
Touching the Translation, only thus much. It was so much my care, (some happily will call it superstition) to tread exactly in the Author's steps (saving the divisions into chapters, and contents thereon) that I would not step aside to take up any the proprieties of our English speech that lay on either hand as we passed along. But this too, as the rest, is humbly cast at ingenuous Critics feet.  
If any say; Sure those with us against Infant Baptism are not of kin unto the Germans mentioned in this story.  
I answer, That it is no doubt with me, but that many Godly, precious souls are found amongst them, whose hearts would rise at the very hearing of this hellish tragedy: whose souls establishment in the grace of God we pray for, and whose Christian fellowship we gladly should embrace, and mourn to see the folly that keeps them at such a distance. Yet truly, in this hour of temptation, many, many seeming stars have fallen from heaven: and this our age hath spoken more, to carnal reason for Saints final Apostasy, than all Arminian arguments. Yea, to speak our hearts, whoso shall please but heedfully to feel the pulse, and mark the face of many leaders now adays among them, I fear will be too apt to say I find some John a-Leidens Fellows. For my part I will leave it to the Readers judgement, whether that Spirit that bids so fair as both at once to pull down the public Ministry and root up the settled Magistracy look not so like him as if it were his own begotten.  
This is a truth of Gods own teaching, 
Jer. 17.9.  that the heart is deceitful above all things, and desperately wicked, who can know it? And we ourselves by sad experience have often learned it, that many have thought it utterly impossible for them, ever to incline unto such wretched courses, as afterwards they have been mad in. When the Prophet told Hazael what mischief he should sometimes do in Israel. Is thy servant a dog, quoth he, to do this? But the event made it truer than he was ware of, 
2 Kings 8.13. with 10.32, etc. 13.324, 22.  whilst be wanted power to effect it. And truly Reader, here with us they are but young days yet: although, alas! every moment thriveth, but too fast, towards a dismal noon.  
To conclude: this use, at least, this story serves us to: that trembling to behold Gods righteous judgements against abused kindness, where ever we find this spirit working in another (thoug with the smoothest face) we stop it what we may: and for ourselves to watch and pray lest we fall into temptation.   
The History of John a-Leyden, The Anabaptist King in Munster.  

CHAP. I.  
The Introduction. Of T. Munster. And Anabaptists in general.  
We are coming now to the siege of Munster, the principal City of Westphalia: save that something must be further fetched, even from the first beginning of those stirs till their Author's punishment upon the taking of the City. Of Thomas 
(a) The story is briefly thus: Muncer having lest the Preaching of the Gospel, fell to new Doctrine; inveighs not only against the Pope, but Luther also: At first he taught against profaneness, would have the body Curbed with fasting, and mean attire; was for a grave set face little talk private meditation etc. Then we must ask of God a sign that he did love us, and chide him too, if he gave us none: That God revealed his will in dreams; that revelations with the Scripture must be our Rule, withal community of goods did best become us; and all to be of equal rank. At last, ungodly Magistrates must be down; in order whereto he gets 8000 men together, and exherts them to fightagainst their princes, by this time with an Army near them, tells them they knew 'twas not his fancy, but God's Comm and that set them on this work, And help from heaven should make them Conquerors: As for their Bullets he would receive them all in his own Coat: And Lo, saith he, what a gracious God we have! Behold the taken of his everlasting favours Lift up your eyes and see the Rainbow in the Heavens, which since we have its picture in our Colours, Showeth plainly God will be with us in the Battle to our enemy's Rain. At the encounter Muncers Party is quick'y routed 5000 slain in the field, 300 more in a Town they ran too: Muncer was hid in a house by the Gate: Thither comes in a noble man's servant, to see the house: gets up the stairs, finds one in bed, asks whether he be one of the Rebels. Muncer saith, no: But that he had been sick a great while of a fever. The Servant Spies apurse Catched it with hope to have a Prize, Opening he findeth letters unto Muncer from the Earl of Mansfeild to for bear Rebellion: Then asks him whither they were sent to him or not: on his denial, the servant threatneth to dispatch him: he prays him to hold; and confesseth he is Muncer: Then on the Rack crying out for pain they bid him now remember how many silly souls his Villainy had destroyed to day. He with a mighty Laughter, says, Themselves desired it: Yet at the Point of death he publicly confessed his fault. But for Example sake his head cut off was fastened to a spear and Placed in the miale of the Camp. This was in Germany the year 1525.  Muncer's his sedition amongst the Rabble, his doctrine and his end, our fift book made report. By him was hatched that brood of men who for their Practice and opinion are called Anabaptists: of whom also something hath been said already. For they for bid Baptising little ones, are rebaptised themselves, affirming, All men else should do the same, and clearly Null the former Bapistme. They pretend unto an outward dress of Holiness, Teach Christians should not go to Law, bear Civil office, make oath, maintain propriety, but leave all things Common. They began with These; then, matters fare more beynous, as I shall show anon. And whereas Germany was fare and near infested with them. Yet, Luther's and most other learned men's oppositions to them, with the Magistrates narrower eye upon them took so, that they could hardly Sowder into a Considerable Number. At last they fixed in the aforesaid City strongly fortified.   

CAP. II.  
B. Rotman first brings the Gospel to Munster. The Popish Clergy oppose. But in vain. And are silenced.  
It fell out thus: hard by this Munster is St Maurice Church; There did one Bernard Rotman in the year of our Redemption 1532, with great Concourse of the Citizens, preach the Gospel, and when they had some thoughts of getting him into the City, the Popish Priests, to prevent it, give him a pretty sum of monies to exercise himself some other where. He takes his leave, and having viewed some Places where he might improve his parts, a few months after comes back again. They, angry at his return, would feign have put him off from Preaching: But all in Vain, the People being taken with him. Soon after he is entertained in the City by certain of the Chiefest Citizens, and when the Church was shut against him, they make a Pulpit for him in the Porch without.  
But the number of the Citizens and his hearers increasing daily. They require the Priests to set open the Church, or they would break it up.  
In the Nick of this, He, by Advice of those the People chose thereto, dispatcheth letters into Hassia, that was near them of the Lantgraves' Jurisdiction, to desire that some learned Godly men might be sent unto him, there to sow the Gospel with him. Two hereupon are sent from Marpurgh. Upon their coming six of them get together and consult of the quickest course to set the Popish Clergy packing, that the Gospel might succeed the better. The best expedient found hereto was this; They draw up the Popish Errors and digest them into some thirty heads: Those they deliver to the 
(a) Or Common Council that Ruled the City.  Senate with this resolution, That if they did not Prove by the word of God All those waged war therewith, they would submit to any punishment.  
The senate Calls the Priests into the Court, and propose the Errors whereof we spoke. And because they ever bare in hand their doctrine to be pure, and grounded on the word of God, which the Preachers now deny, and offer to make good upon their lives, They ask them, whether they would confute by Scriptures, what should be objected? They, thus demanded, and perceiving that the Senate was in very earnest in the business, make a short Answer, That they had just nothing to defend their cause withal, but whereas hitherto they did pretend their way was right and good, 'twas from opinion and their Ignorance. The Senate then, since they convicted of their errors and false doctrine, could say nothing for themselves, but confess their naughtiness, command them henceforth not to medleany more with taching, but give way in all the Churches to these new Teachers that had unmasked their knavery. On this (the People too concurring with the Senate) the Churches were Assigned to them respectively where to teach.   

CAP. III.  
The Bishop instigated by the silenced Pricsts blocks up the City, this party is surprised by the Citizens. Indentures of Peace are mutually Signed.  
THat Business bred ill blood among the Priests, them especially of the Cathredrall Church, for the most part all of Noble Blood. They, none other shift being left, depart in rage, applying to the Bishop of that City. Whereupon Council had, it was resolved to block up all the ways, that no provision might come to the City. A little after, the ways being all and every where beset, the Bishop with those of whom I spoke, to promote their work the better, comes unto Tolget, a little Town some one mile distant from the City. Thence letters are dispatched unto the Senate to this purpose. That they forbear their Course, restore their former State, or to be taken as Enemies. The Bishop was Earl Francis Waldec, next before him had been Frederick, own Brother to the Archbishop of Colen. But He, whether because he had not well his health there, or that he smelled out something, not long, before of his own accord had left the Place, and to live private, returned him home into his Country. They of Munster well pausing on the business, detain the Messenger, and the night before Christ's birthday about 900 Sallying forth unlooked for take both the little Town and (making good the Gates that none might scape) All that were in it. The Bishop as fallen out, was gone the day before. The prisoners were forthwith brought into the City. Amongst them were the eminentest of the Clergy, and some also of the Nobility; The Senate asks them, what their pleasure is, & if they mean to stop the Preaching of the Gospel. They freely Anlwer, Their endeavours should not be wanting to promote that doctrine. Hereon they strike the bargain. A Copy whereof the Senate sent the Landgrave, with all beseeching for the Gospel's sake and public good to have his helping hand. He sendeth some of his own to them: by whose Mediation 'twas concluded, that their hearts agreed, and distaste removed, both sides should cherish peace: The Gospel to be preached in six Churches, all superstitious and ungodly worship turned packing: in the Cathedral Church, no alteration to be made, nor the City reckon that in any case belonging unto them. This form of their agreement was signed by the Landgrave, the Bishop and his Party, the Nobility and all the people, Feb. 14. the year of our redemption 1533.   

CHAP. FOUR  
Leiden arriveth. Starteth Anabaptism. Rotman opposeth publicly. A disputation is entered. Rotman revolts. And the Anabaptists are banished.  
THings thus appeased, there came to Munster a certain Holland 
(a) That is a mender of old Clothes.  Butcher, one John a-Leiden an eager Anabaptist. He at the first insinuating into a familiar discourse with them; would use to ask the Preachers of the Gospel whither they thought, that Infants duly might be baptised, They saying, yea, He that was warped quite Crooked on the other side, gins to laugh & scorn thereat. Which taken notice of Bernard Rotman (of whom before) exhorts the People in his Sermon to pray that sound doctrine might be preserved with them, and kept incorrupt from fanatique Persons, the Anabaptists especially, who at this time did Creep amongst them, and get in people's company, whose opinion should it prevail woe, would it be, not only to the state of Commonwealth but also of Religion. Just then, almost, comes thither Herman Strapeda, who being made Rotmans' Colleague, publicly Inveighs against Poedobaptisme. His Master was one Henry Rolls, whom they of Vtrecht (before this time a little) had punished for Anabaptism. This fellow was indeed another step to this new kind of doctrine. And now the Business was of such a Pitch, that most of all the talk about the City was of Anabaptists; Though things were yet but closely Carried. For none could be admitted but who were of their Sect. And then the Authors did not openly profess these things, nor teach them, but by night; and when others were asleep then only were their holy exercises. But the business coming out, when very many of the Citizens were enraged at it, crying out, 'Twas base, an upstart Tenet should be scattered privily and by night, The Senate ordered, That the Authors should be gone the City. But they going forth returned another way, Vapouring, That they had Command from God to stay, and There, in earnest to go through with their business. This was a Trouble to the Senate and somewhat did amaze them, and therefore to prevent disturbance and farther danger the Preachers both of the Gospel, and of Anabaptism are commanded their appearance at the Court, and some learned men together with them. Then Rotman, which he had concealed till now, shows himself; and condemneth Paedobaptism as a wicked and accursed thing. But Herman Busch especially did so make good the other side before the Senate, That they were by Public Order Commanded forthwith to departed the City. Yet when they Pleaded that they could not safely pass the Bishop's Country, The Senate both procured them public faith, and also gave provision for their Journey. But they who long before, resolved not to stir a foot, step privily aside into their own Associates, and lie close a while.   

CAP. V.  
The Landgrave sendeth Preachers. A fresh debate appointed. And the terms rejected by the Anabaptists.  
Mean time the Senate,  they might again appear above board, shut all the Churches up, save only one. For it was feared, lest the Anabaptists, whose number daily did increase, should with their speakers Tumble out the Preachers of the Gospel from the Church. Then, in the month of November the Landgrave at entreaty of the Senate, sent them two Teachers, Theodorique Fabrice, and John Melsinger: And this, perceiving the disturbance, startled also at the danger, goes home again. The other vigorously admonished the Citizens to keep a jealous eye upon the Anabaptists Doctrine. After which rate he held until the Anabaptists getting uppermost turned the others out of Town, as you shall here anon, And that nothing might be wanting, he draws up a form of doctrine & Church-government, to the Content both of the Senate and the People. Then, with the Senate's leave, Peter Wirtem gins to Teach again. But a few Sermons hardly over, by Rotmans' Instigation, the Anabaptists cast him out. Who now growing fiercer challenge Fabrice and others to a disputation. The Senate liking it, it was thought meet to have the business managed from holy Scriptures and other writings suiting with them: some honest learned men, as moderators, to be joined; who upon due Cognizance of the opinions and Arguments of either side, should determine; what they determined, to be ratifyed: So as at last, dissensions laid aside, peace might be restored to the Church. But as for those Terms, Rotman and his fellows would none of them. When therefore they refused Public Test, they began to fall into a General contempt. To wash off which stain they find another more compendious Course.   

CHAP. VI  
Popular Tumults, And open Insurrection by Anabaptists. A skirmish and agreement.  
ONe of them, like a man inspired, runs through the City and cries out, Repent and be baptised or else the wrath of God will overwhelm you. Here first began the vulgar Tumults. And all that were baptised again cried out as he, and in his Posture. Many ensnared by their own simplicity (men otherwise Honest) for that they feared the wrath of God, whereof these made such noise, come in unto them, and others too, to save their stakes. For the truth is, the Anabaptists dealing coarsely with their Adversaries did fairly turn them out of all. This was about December's end. And now again these peep out of their holes, of whom I spoke before. Who with an outcry hurrying to the market place together, command all not bapts'zd to be put to death as Pagans and ungodly wretches. Then seized they on the Magazine and Hall, laying violent hands on many. The others to defend themselves and theirs, make good another Certain Place within the City, by nature fortified, surprising very many of theirs. This skirmish against the Anabaptists that kept the Hall and fenced it round held, till on giving Mutual Hostages, They came to Terms, where by it was provided, That every man should keep his own Religion go home and live at peace.   

CHAP. VII.  
Anabaptists send to confederates abroad. The City fills with them. Poedobaptists mastered. Anabaptists rule. And fire the suburbs. Banish dissenters. And seize their estates.  
ROtman the while; and Bernard Cnipperdoling the very foreman of that Gangue) although they gave their good word unto this agreement, yet by their secret letters to the Neighbour Townes encouraged all them of their stamp, That bidding adieu to whatsoever they had, they should Posthaste be with them there; look what they left behind they should enjoy with Tenfold Interest. Such ample and magnificent promises set on their way to Munster both men and women in the greatest Number, with certain expectation of enjoying greater matters; The poorer sort especially that had not to live at home. The Townsmen, chiefly those of fair Estates, perceiving how the City filled with strangers, with as much Covenience as they Can, withdrew themselves, leaving behind, the Anabaptists and the multitude. This was about Shrove, Tuesday in the month of February, 1534. When the other Party had been weakened thus, The Anabaptists form a new Senate, of their own Creatures all; and Create (a) Consuls also, 
Like our Mayors; but they were too.  Cnipperdoling for one. Within few days they set upon St Maurice Church in the suburbs and fire both it and all the building near it. Then rob they all the Chnrches and tore down the inside of the Chiefest. By and by they run on heaps through all the streets, and first they cry, Repent, but quickly after, depart from hence immediately ye wicked ones, except you mean to lay your lives at stake. Withal they are straight in Arms together, and whosoever were not of their sect, without more ado, they thrust them out of town without respect to either sex or Age. So as indeed some women great with Child miscarried in this tumultuous and precipitant banishment. Immediately they seize on their Estates they had turned out. And notwithstanding this befell the day before the Bishop did beseige the City, yet of the multitude that were feign to leave it, some falling into the Bishop's hands, were reckoned enemies: others in danger of their lives, and among the rest, two Preachers of the Gospel. He of whom I spoke before Peter Wirtem being himself in danger, was saved by the Mediation of the Landgrave. Others of the Townsmen that were good men, troubled at this to see that if they left the City they were forced to run on present danger abroad, upon compulsion in a manner and against their will, did stay behind.   

CHAP. VIII.  
Community commanded. All books burnt but the Bible. A Smith jests on them, and pays dearly for it.  
ABout this time the foreman of the Prophets (for that's the Title they do arrogate unto themselves) John Matthew gave command that whatsoever Gold, silver, Movables any man enjoyed, on pain of death he should bring forth among them. And for this Use there was a public house appointed. The people much amazed with the rigour of this Order, Obeyed. Nor was it safe for any man to fail, or to defraud them of any part. For there were two Girls possessed with Spirits of Divination, that discovered whatsoever fraud had been committed. Nor did they only bring their own Goods thus together, but theirs also whom they had turned out of Town, they did convert to their own use. This done, the self same Prophet did command that no man henceforth keep any other book about him but the holy Bible: all others must be brought forth and abolished. This was commanded, as he said, from heaven. And thereupon Books in great Number heaped together were all consumed with fire. it happened that a smith about that time, one Hubert Truteling had broke some Jest upon the (selfe-named) Prophets, which being known they call the people and command the Soldiers to be present: Instantly they accuse the fellow, and sentence him to die. The people were exceedingly astonished at the business: But the fore-prophet (whom I named before) lays violent hands on the poor wretch, and with a spear stabbed him lying flat on the ground: yet without Mortal wound, although he fell upon him with a mighty force. Then he Commands him to be carried to another Place; where snaching up a Gun, from a young man by him, with a Bullet shoots him through, lying all along. The fellow for all this not dying presently he tells them, that it was revealed from heaven unto him, that his time to die was not yet come, and God had shown him mercy. But a few days after the poor man ends his life. That being known the Prophet, all in haste, catcheth up a long-sized spear, and running madly through the City, Cries out that God the Father had commanded him to beat off the enemy from the City. Approaching to the Camp a certain Soldier that engaged him, ran him through. And though the error of his predictions was this other time discovered also, yet had his Comrade Prophets so befooled the men and put so fair a dress upon the business, to the vulgar, that he was much desired, and some Calamity presaged impendent on them from the loss of such a Worthy personage. But John at Leiden next Prophet to him bade them take heart, 'twas long ago revealed to him that he should come to such an end. And for the wife he left, she should be his. Within two days of Easter they run into the Churches and set all the Bells in every Place a ringing. Shortly after Cnipperdoling prophesyeth, That those which were of the highest form must be tumbled down, and others from the ba●●st bench and very dunghill be exalted. Then bids he them demolish all the Churches, protesting seriously that he had such command from God. They all are at his beck, and with their utmost diligence put in execution the Command (he calls) from heaven. At the self same time almost john at Leiden gives the sword to Cnipperdoling and makes him Hangman for such was God's pleasure that He, before who bare the greatest office and was Confull, now take the meanest, and be Hangman. He, far from unwilling, with thanks accepts the office put upon him.   

CAP. IX.  
The Bishop craves aid of neighbour Princes, and obtains it. The City stormed. But Without success.  
WHen now the Bishop for some Months had been himself at all the Charge of war against them, Herman Archbishop of Colen, and John Prince of Clev● sent aid of money, arms, and some troops of horse and foot. The Archbishop of Colen goes also to the Camp himself to give advice. And not long after they assault the City in certain Places. But when no hopes remained of taking it by storm, they built seven fortresses to stop all Passage, and Place some Colours of foot, and troops of horse in every of them for winter quarters. And to the end the siege and war might be carried on, which equally concerned them all, the Bishop of Munster craves aid of all the Princes and the Cities in the Province of Rhine, as being next unto him. For this, there was a meeting called at Confluence, about the 13th of December 1534. For Germany in the whole hath six divisions, Franconia, Bononia, Suevia, Saxony, the tract of Rhine, and Burgundy. Within these limits of ancient course were reckoned all the Princes and the Cities one or other at Imperial diets. At this day is division of the upper and the lower Saxony, then also is there lower Germany, Westphalia and Austria, so that at present ten Countries do make up the Empire.   

CAP. X.  
Leiden dreams three-days. Creates Twelve Governors. Proposes new Doctrines. Leading Anabaptists seized by some well affected. Who lose their lives for it.  
AFter the fruitless storm John a-Leiden takes him to his rest, and falls a dreaming three whole days space together. When he awakes, speaks not a word, but makes signs for paper, and therein Assigns twelve men (some well descended in the Number) to be over all affairs, and as in Israel, steer the whole. For this He tells them is the heavenly Father's pleasure. And now, when by the twelve a stirrup thus was made him to the Kingdom, he falls proposing certain Tenets to the Preachers, and requires their confutation of them by the Scriptures: where if they failed, he would refer them to the People for their approbation, and establishment. Of those, this was the Cream, That men were not obliged to one only wife, but if they pleased might marry many: which when their Teachers did oppose, He calls them with the Twelve unto the hall. At their appearance there, he puts off his Cloak and threw it with a new Testament on the ground; by those as signs he swears, The Doctrine he had broached, was revealed from heaven to him, & therefore sharply threatens them, with the frowns of God upon them, if they do not bid it welcome.  
At last they jump, and it was a full three day's work for the Preachers Sermons to talk of Marriage. He quickly gets him three wives, one, the great Prophets John Matthew, of whom I speak before. This leading case others were not long behind So as 'twas reckoned for a credit to be often married. But now some Citizens that could by no means brook this trade, by a token given through the City get all that loved the Gospel to a meeting at the Hall. Then they lay hold upon the Prophet. Cnipperdoling, and all the Teachers. The Rabble at first notice of it run to Arms, rescue the Prisoners, and with cruel torments slew some fifty: for tying some to Trees and stakes they shot them through: The ring-leading Prophet making acclamation, That he that would do God good service should discharge upon them first. Others had other ends.   

CAP. XI.  
A new prophet declares that John a-Leiden must be King. 'tis done. Cnipperdoling playing Rex is put in prison.  
ABout the 24 fourth of Juneup starts a new Prophet by trade a Goldsmith. He having called the People to the Hall, declare it as the will and pleasure of the heavenly father, that John a-Leiden should be Lord of all the world, and that he marching forthwith a mighty Army should destroy all Kings and Princes, one or other, showing mercy to the People only, that is, to those that do love righteousness: and that he should possess the seat of his father David, until the Father do require the Kingdom of him, for the ungodly trodden under foot, the Saints must reign, even in this life. This spoken openly, John a-Leiden instantly falling on his knees and lifting up his hands to heaven cries out, Men and brethren, I have been no stranger to this business, for these many days, and yet I had no mind to publish it, but now, to put it out of doubt, the Father hath made use of another Messenger. Thus being then made King he forthwith Nulls the Twelve, and as the Regal mode is, Creates him Nobleses, Commands two Crowns, a Scabbard, Chain, & Sceptre with other such like Badges of state to be provided for him of the purest Gold. Then he appointed certain days of hearing in all causes that required his Cognizance. As often as he came in Public he was attended with his officers and nobles of his Court. Next to him followed too young men mounted. He on the right with a Crown and Bible, the other with a naked sword. In like state was his Principal wife attended, for he had many at that time: In the hall there was erected a lofty throne of state, covered with Cloth of Gold. The Complaints and suits before him, for the most part were of marrying or divorcing, a thing now threadbare with them. Insomuch that some who many years had lived together were now first put asunder. But on a time the People standing very thick and crowded in the hall to hear, Lo, Cnipperdoling leapeth up and Scrabling by all four on the Crowd, he wanders to and fro upon their Tops, and gaping wide mouthed on them, saith to them severally, The Father hath Sanctified thee, receive the Holy Ghost. Another day leading a dance before the King, quoth he, thus my little whore and I sometimes are want to do: But now the Father bade me do the same before the King. And when he never would have done, the King went forth offended at him. Then he mounts up the throne and Plays Rex himself. But the King the while returning pulls down my man and claps him three days up in prison.   

CAP. XII.  
A book Printed for the Reign of Saints. And confuted.  
THe siege continuing they writ a booke&publish it, their Title is The Restitution. Herein, with other stuff, they broach: That Christ's kingdom shall be such before the last day of Judgement, that all the ungodly every where extinct, the Godly and the Elect shall reign. They tell us also, that the people may turn off their Magistrates, and though the Apostles were not commanded to take the Civil power into their hands, yet the present Ministers of the Church ought to claim title to the Sword, and to enforce a new form of Government. Moreover, that none but true Christians might be suffered in the Church, and that none could be saved except they would relinquish all propriety in the Estate they had, and make it common. For Luther and the Pope of Rome they were both false Prophets, yet Luther was the worse of the twain. And as to unbelievers Marriage, 'tis polluted and impure, nor to be reckoned (say they) than for whoredom and adultery. Those their opinions were oppugned chiefly by Melancthon, Justus, Menius, and Vrbanus Rhegius whose writings upon this Subject are extant very clear and full.   

CAP. XIII.  
New Apostles. Their Commission.  
A few weeks after the new-sprung Prophet Spoken of before, by Sound of Trumpet throughout all the Streets proclaims that all should make appearance in their Arms at the Cathedrall-Porch, because the enemy must be sent packing from the City. At their coming thither they find a supper ready. Being bad about 4000 sit down unto it: after, they sup that were the while upon the guard about 1000 The King and Queen with their household Servants wait. Having eaten and supper almost ended, the King himself reaching bread to every one saith, Take eat show forth the death of the Lord: The Queen holding out the cup saith, Drink, and show forth the death of the Lord. This done the foresaid Prophet steps up into a pulpit, asks them whether they would obey the word of God: All saying, yea, quoth he, It is the father's command that Teachers of the word should be sent forth, about eight and twenty, who going into the four quarters of the world may preach the doctrine famous in this City. Then names he them, directs the way that every one should take. Six were dispatched to Osenbruge, as many unto Warendorse, eight unto Susat, the like number unto Cosfield. Afterwards the King and Queen sit down to supper with their other servants, and those appointed for the progress. At supper the king starts up: says, that he hath a little business the father hath commanded. It chanced there was a certain Soldier taken him, as another Judas, the King accused of treason and himself beheads him. This done he returned to supper, and merrily brags of that his brave exploit. Having supped the foresaid 28 are sent away, within night a little, and besides provisions for their journey every man hath his piece of Gold which in the places where their doctrine is refused they are bid to leave behind them, as a token of their future destruction and eternal ruin, for contempt of peace, and such a saving doctrine.   

CAP. V.  
The Apostles behaviour. And entertainment where they come.  
WHen they departing came into their several places, with a loud out cry through the streets. That men repent, or look for sudden ruin: They spread their garments on the ground before the magistrate, and threw the Golden pieces that they had received thereon, assuring them that the father sent them to offer peace unto them, which if they would embrace, they must make common what they had, but if they did refuse, than hereby, as an earnest, they did protest against this wickedness of theirs and ingratitude. For now the time is come whereof all the Prophets spoke, when through all the world God will have righteousness be embraced. And when the King in doing of this duty shall bring the business unto such a pass that righteousness reign in every place, then shall it be that Christ deliver up the Kingdom to his father. Talking at this rate they are laid hold off, and friendly first, then on the rack examined of their faith and life, and of the City's Strength. They answer, that only they themselves held the true Doctrine and they would bear witness to it at the peril of their lives. For from the very Apostles time neither had the word of God been truly taught, nor any righteousness set a foot. There are in all four Prophets, and no more, two righteous ones, David and John a-Leiden, two wicked, the Pope and Luther, and this the worse of the twain. Being asked why against their promise given they banished honest men the City, seizing on their goods and wives; and Children, and by what place of Scripture could they prove and maintain that righteousness of theirs. They say, this is the time Christ spoke of, that the meek should inherit the earth, and in this manner heretofore God gave the Egyptians goods unto the Isralites. Speaking afterwards of the forces and provisions of the city, they confess, most men have above five wives and that they looked for forces out of Friezland and from Holland, as soon as ere they come, the King will march forth with all his Army and subdue the world unto himselfes putting to death the Kings for not administering Justice. Having been examined, when they would bide by what they were, nor acknowledge any Magistrate besides their King, Death was their doom, yet one of them escaped.   

CAP. XV.  
The King makes Dukes, and Halbaltiers. Their Encouragement.  
BY this, the City was so close begirt that there was no way of getting out for any: the Citizens therefore fearing famine and troubled at the danger they were in, had thoughts to apprehend the King and deliver him bound unto the Bishop. The King, that by some tokens Smelled the business out, makes choice of twelve out of all the heap, that he judged most faithful, and calls them Dukes, assigning unto every of them some part of the City to defend: and also yeomen of the Guard to prevent commotions. Then did he promise all the people that at Easter they should be quit both of Siege and want together. But for the Dukes he chose, far greater matters are assured to them: they shall be Lords and Masters (as he tells them) yea and particularly lays out, what Province, Castles, and Manors each should have. None but the Landgrave should be spared, he said; because he hoped at last he would strike in with him.   

CHAP. XVI.  
More Princes meet. The besieged admonished.  
ABove we told you of a meeting called at Confluence in the month December, of those states that were within the Province of Rhine, with them associated of his own accord John Frederick Prince Elector of Saxony. The business duly weighed in that assembly, speedy aids are ordered to the Bishop, of horse three-hundred, and three thousand foot for six months' space. Over these forces and the whole war Wirich Earl of Oberstene is made General. 'Tis ordered also that all other states within the Empire shall be solicited for assistance. And because Caesar was in Spain that King Ferdinand be desired against April next for this to call a Diet. Then sent they letters sharply to admonish the besieged to leave off their course, which is so both dishonest and ungodly as nothing more: except they yield and submit them to their lawful Magistrate, they tell them plainly that the whole Empire will not be wanting to assist the Bishop. This was about December's end. They answer the 13th day of January 1535. with words enough, but little to the purpose. Yet so as too commend and justify their undertakement, but as to what had been objected about the King they coined, they are quite dumb to that.   

CAP. XVII.  
Anabaptists writ to the Landgrave. The Answers. They Reply etc.  
BUt in their private letters to the Landgrave they would feign excuse themselves, talking much about the ruin and destruction of all the wicked, about the liberty and dominion of the godly in this life, and herewith send him the book of Restitution, that I spoke of. They admonish him also to repent and not like other Princes, wicked men, wage war against them harmless souls, and God's people. The Landgrave having read the Letter and the book notes what he did dislike therein, and orders some of his to answer. And since they very briefly but somewhat blindly wrote, their king was not so much of theirs, as of God's appointment. He asks them why they did not show those Scriptures whence they thought this course was lawful, and why they had not first confirmed it by signs and wonders. For of Christ's coming God by all his Prophets long before foretold so evidently that not only of what tribe or stock, but also when and where he should be borne was clearly manifest. 'twas also their desire to have a hearing of their cause. Hereto the Landgrave answers. Now there was no room for that since they had usurped authority and were the Authors of so much mischief. For all men see whereat they aim, even to the overthrowing laws and commonwealths. And as their course is palpably wicked and villainous, so also the desire of having cognizance taken of their Cause is feigned and counterfeit. That for his part he had sent them faithful ministers of the Church, by whom he is sure, they have been well instructed. But whereas by their nasty doctrine they revolt from their Magistrate, Seize on other men's estates, take many wives, choose a new King, deny Christ to have taken humane nature of the Virgin Mary, assert free will, force men to make all common, deny forgiveness to a lapsed sinner. These all are both against the laws of God and men. This answer brought them, they fall again to scribbling, and send withal a book composed in the vulgar speech, Of Scripture Mysteries. In their Epistle, they put new trimming on their cause, and reinforce their principles: but in the book we speak of they divide the whole world's age, from first to last into three periods, & the first (they tell us) from Adam unto Noah perished by a flood, the other wherein we are shall by fire, the third shall be new all over, wherein reigneth righteousness. But before this last appear, the present must be changed with fire. Yet that's not like to be till Antichrist be revealed, and his power quite subdued. Then shall it be that the decayed throne of David shall be erected, and Christ obtain his Kingdom in the earth, and all the writings of the Prophets he fulfilled. For the present world is as the age of Esau, for both herein is justice silenced, and the godly are afflicted. But as from Babylon's captivity, so also now from so great miseries the time of deliverance and restoring is at hand: and the wickedness of the wicked shall be abundantly recompensed to them, as is signified in the Revelation. But this restoring shall precede the world to come, that all ungodly men trod under foot, a seat and habitation may be prepared for righteousness. The Landgrave having received their book commends it to some Ministers of the Church with him to draw up the confutation of it.   

CAP. XVIII.  
Free Cities meet at Esling. The Result.  
THe decree that was made at Confluence some few cities that were present utterly disliked, and say they will send notice home against it. After, all the other cities of the Empire meet at Esling: and there they come to this Conclusion, that they who met before at Confluence had not to do to impose any charge on them: for that therein there ought to be the Authority and Consent of Caesar and all the states. Therefore they reject that Order made, and promise mutual help in case that any danger be incurred in that regard by any of them. But whatsoever shall be duly resolved upon for public good in public Diets of the Empire, therein they give assurance they will do their duty.   

CAP. XIX.  
City wants provision. One of the Queens pities the poor. The King beheads her for it. And promises largely to the people, but pays poorly.  
BUt now provisions growing so scarce and dear throughout the city in the month of February, that there was no hopes but some must needs be hungerstarved: one of the Queen's commiserating the people's case did chance to say unto the others, that she did not think it was the will of God, to have the people thus consumed with famine. The King, whose Larder was well fraught not only for necessity but even to luxury, hearing hereof brings her and all the other with her to the Hall. Where having bade her fall upon her knees, he takes off her head, and being dead, brands her for a whore. Upon this deed, the other chant his praise and thank the heavenly father. The king than leads a round, and persuades the people that had nothing left but bread and salt to dance and to be merry. But when Easter came and no deliverance did appear: The King that had been Lavish of his promise, to salve the business feigns himself sick for six day's space, at last comes forth into the Hall, and tells them, He had sat upon a blind Ass, and that the father had laid the sins of all the people on his back, and therefore they were clean all over, nor needed any other expiation. This was that deliverance which he promised, wherewith they ought to be content.   

CAP. XX.  
Luther writes against the Anabaptists.  
LVther, amongst other things he put forth at this time in the country Language, Alas! quoth he, what or how shall I complain and bemoan those wretched creatures? In truth the thing itself doth say that Devils dwell in heaps among them. But for our parts we have all reason in the world highly to advance Gods bottomless mercy. For notwithstanding for contemning of the Gospel, and reproaching of the name of God, and pouring forth the blood of godly men, Germany deserveth sore affliction at the hands of God: yet has he kerbed hitherto Satan's rage and fury, and doth not lay the rain upon his neck to let him rant it at his pleasure with us; but is a gentle Monitor, and by this Munster tragedy (far from a cunning piece) calls us to amendment. For should not God bridle and check him in, I make no question but that most subtle spirit, and such a master of his craft would have managed matters at a far other rate. But now since God hath maimed him sorely, he storms and rageth, not how himself desireth, and would have it, but as the rope is given him. For that wicked spirit which endeavours to subvert the Christian faith, takes not this course to introduce polygamy, because, since all men see the cursed baseness of the thing, he knows it well enough, they will abhor it. Policy indeed and civil government may be this way disturbed, but Christ's kingdom must with other tools and engines be assaulted. He that will neatly toll a man into deceit and snares, must not put straight for a kingdom, or dominion, and play the Tyrant. For all men do condemn that course and see his aims. But by some hidden means as foot-paths come unto it. To wear a rusty garb that's out of fashion, to set one's face to gravity, to hang down the head, to fast, to touch no money, to eat no flesh, to abhor marriage, to reckon civil office or Magistracy as profane, to refuse authority, to profess a singular humility of mind: here lies the way, and Method to entrap a wise man by, and that doth by disguise, and in the dark set open the door to Sovereignty. But by a face of brass to claim a kingdom, to take as many wives as his lust inclines him to, this is not the subtlety of an artificial Devil, but some one newly at the trade. Or if he be the Master of his Craft, for certain than God hath so tied his hands that he cannot play his game more cunningly. The end whereof no doubt is that we might fear his Majesty, and be stirred up to repentance before he lose that beaten Soldier which surely will assault us much more to our damage. For if a young Grammarian Devil can make such stirs, what will they be, when he comes full sail against us as an higher graduate, I mean as Lawyer or Divine? Such a rude Devil therefore need not much affright us. And I also think this trifling stage-play likes not all those in the city, but very many have sad hearts about it who not without sighs and tears wait for God's deliverance: as some years since it proved in the insurrection of the country men. And would to God there was no craftier Devil in the world than this of Munster. Let God but spare his word among us, in truth I am persuaded that scarce a man would heed such a homely senseless sir. Although indeed when the wrath of God is kindled, there is no error so absurd and graceless but Satan can persuade it, as we see befell in the doctrine forged by 
(a) This fellow was an Arabian, of the posterity of I●hmael, borne meanly a out the year of Christ 597, his father was a Pagan, his mother a Jew, himself of no religion. In his youth he served a Merchant and kept his camels. His master dying; by the help of Magic he married his Mistress, left very rich. Being a crafty follow and ambitious, yet no scholar he makes himself a prophet, pretends revelations, goes up and down amongst his country men awretched people, never under any good government, but either lived at home by robbery, or else were soldiers of fortune abroad and setting his fancies to their lioeptious humours gets many followers. In fits of the falling sickness, frequent with him, he made believe the Angel Gabriel conversed with him, which his flesh not able to bear fainted under. Another of his taking cheats was that a dove being taught to feich corn at his ear passed currant for the holy ghost revealing mysteries to him. Thus getting famous, the Saracens his countrymen who fought under Heraclius the Emperor being denied their pay and called dogs for ask it, revolt, o'er whom with little difficulty Mahomet is made general about the year 620. Then to make sure, by the help of some beretiques and Jews, he compiles a form of Doctrine, called the Alcoran, which is the people's Bible and swears the Angel Gabriel carried him to heaven and there he learned it. Some other things be taught them. In truth his doctrine is a very monster patched up with scraps of Christianity, Judaisme and Paganism crammed with nonsense fables and self contradictions. For a taste of all. That Christ was a great Prophet (not God) but Mahomet greater. The Jews did not crucify him, but one like him. Children must be circumcised. Ofterings made in the Temple at Mecca. Turn thitherwardin all their prayers. God in Sinai (as in one place, but elsewhere 'tis in Jerusalem) gave 1515 precepts. Noah desired God to drown the world for the Idols of Huden Scbuon Jaguta Jannea Naccu 'tis lawful to have four wives and as many Concubines as one please. The Angel Gabriel flying his wing chanced to touch the Moon and darkened it. The day of Judgement Continues 50000 years. After it Death shall be turned into a ram. Paradise consist in sensual pleasures, fair women etc. Hundreds more as bad [Magdeb. Cent. 7. c. 15. See Alcoran in English.] yet are the Turks by far the vastest Empire in the worll, bewitched with this Vanity at this very day. Whether Muncer, Leiden and too many of the present time with us came not out of Mathomets' shop I refer to the Readers own Resolution.  Mahomet. For though there be not one dram of brains in any rag thereof or the whole peace together: Yet the light of Scripture being out, it spread so far, and grew to such a pitch as now we see it. Which, had not Muncers counsels and endeavours been crushed by God, would have been the same in Germany. For the least spark that is when God gives leave, Satan can blow into a mighty flame. Nor is there any better way to quench this fire than by the word of God. For whereas the enemy weareth not corporal arms he cannot be conquered by either troops of horse or any other warlike engines. But our Princes and our Bishops go another way to work. They hinder the Gospel's teaching, whereby alone the minds and hearts of men are healed; and try the while to save by punishments the body from the Devil, but the better part of man his very heart and soul they let him take. They speed herein just as the Jews that would extinguish Christ by cross and punishment.  
But now as to the things that are spoke abroad, and written of the men of Munster. I take them to be very truths. And I am confirmed herein by their own writing lately published. wherein their madness is neatly painted by themselves. For first in matters of faith, they teach very fowl absurdities. And of Christ, as if he were not fowen Of Mary (as they phrase it) although they do confess that he came of the seed of David. But they do not fully let us know their mind herein. The Devil hatcheth (sure enough) some monster under it. 'tis true this is not darkly hinted by him, That the seed or flesh of Mary cannot save us. But the attempt is fruitless, for Scripture speaks it, that Christ was borne of the Virgin Mary, which phrase all languages do refer to a young one that, conceived and form of the mother's flesh and blood, is brought to light.  
Then for their censure on former baptism as profane: that also is their ignorance. For they do not reckon it as an ordinance of God, but as a work of man. But if that aught to be condemned wholly, and thrown out of doors whatsoever wicked men do give or have, I wonder truly why they do not abhor the Gold and silver and other riches  
which they rob from the wicked; and invent new substance for themselves, for, as these things, so also baptism is the work and creature of God. When a wicked man sweareth he abuseth the true name of God; if it be not the true name of God to him, he doth not sin. He that robbeth by the way, stealeth, or makes a prey of any thing, breaketh the command of God: if it be not the true command of God to him, he offendeth not. So also if our former baptism be null, than they who were by it baptised did not amiss. Why then do they accurse the former baptism as a piece of villainy, when yet 'tis nothing by their own saying.  
If marriages of the former age be to be reckoned as whoredom and adultery; because contracted between those, they say, that wanted faith pray do they not confess themselves to be the sons of whores? Now if they be bastards and illegitimate tell me why do they hold the possessions of their cities, and their Ancestors? In truth it were but meet, since they are such, to disinherit them, and with their new kind of marriage, turn them to get new riches and estates of an honester title. Nor truly is it handsome for such holy and forsooth religious men to support their lives with these whorish illegitimate goods, or take them by force and robbery from other men. As to that their ridiculous kingdom: there are therein so many and such palpable pieces of roguery that I need not say a word more to it.  
And truly this we speak is both too much, and seems not very necessary, specially since others fully have dispatched the same already.   

CAP. XXI.  
A Diet held at Worms.  
IN the Diet of the empire, which king Ferdinand at the entreaty of the Princes did by his 
(a) Ambassadors or Messengers.  Legates appoint at Worms in the month of April, the Cities, which had hitherto parted with no moneys, at their first entrance do protest that their appearance there was not for the order made at Confluence but in obedience unto Caesar and King Ferdinand. Then fell they to great dashing with them about the contribution with the Princes. At last they did conclude of aid for five months' space, at the rate of 20000 Crowns the month: also that the City being got by storm or otherwise there should be mercy showed to the harmless Multitude: & that the honest, who either were besieged or had wandered to some other place should have their goods restored to them. Upon this order the Bishop of Munster gives up the Army to Oberstene. But whereas public moneys were very slowly, and almost too late dispatched unto them, nothing worthy notice could be atcheived; yea the Captains more than once were in danger of their lives by the Soldier's mutiny for want of pay.   

CAP. XXII.  
The famine increaseth. Many die. The rest complain. But hold on their course.  
NOw when within the city things were in such a plight that many daily perished with the famine: many also got away to other places, who came forth, so nothing else but very skin and bone, that it commanded pity from the enemy to them: the commanders give the Townsmen notice if they would deliver but the King & some few others with him, themselves should suffer nothing. The Citizens, though it were their earnest longing, yet frighted by the vigilancy, and severity of the King durst not venture. For so obstinate was the King that whilst he lived as himself (but with fewothers) openly declared he would never yield. The Commanders therefore upon this writing back forbidden the sending forth of any more, so much as women and Children. This was the first day of June. Next day they answer, complaining that they could not have a lawful hearing, and that they were ill dealt with, far beside their merit, in the soarest manner: that if any would discover their error to them, they should be ready to their duty. Then they unfold a place of Daniel about the fourth beast, which was by far the cruelest of them all. The close of the letter was by God's blessing they would abide by this confession of the truth. But all this was thus written by the King's appointment.   

CAP. XXIII.  
Two Revolters suggest a way to take the City. Their counsel embraced. And the City taken. Rotmans' desperate end. The King and Cnipperdoling taken Prisoners.  
BUt now when things within the City were brought unto the lowest ebb, out ran two of them. One taken by the Soldiers, the other, upon paroll comes to the Bishop, and both tell the way to take the City. Oberstene and the Bishop having heard the revolters talk, and the business duly weighed, on June the 22 by parley advise the townsmen to yield themselves, and save the starving multitude. They in the presence of the King, answer by Rotman: yet so as to hold on their course. Two days after about eleven a clock by night the forces drew down silently to the City, and by the industry of one of those revolted, the forlorn having slain the centiness, get thorough the trench into the bulwark: others at their heels find a wicket open, and about five hundred with some captains and their colours thrust through into the City. There than the townsmen in a body made others halt that were breaking in at last with much ado repulse them, and clapping fast the gate fall on those got in already, putting many to the sword. And when a sharp dispute held thus for two hours' space, the Soldiers thus shut in tear up by strength of hand the gate next to them, where the guard was weak, and clear an entrance for their fellows, who instantly rush in with a mighty Ocean. And when at first the townsmen stood their ground, and had made good the Hall; the case appearing desperate, and many slain; they, at the first assault cry quarter and obtain it.  
Here now the King and Cnipper doling both are taken prisoners. Rotman past hopes of escaping, that he might not fall into their hands alive, Chargeth the enemy's body and is run through. The city being taken, half the plunder and the Arms the Bishop taketh to himself. Then the Army is disbanded: two Colours only kept to be his guard.   

CAP. XXIV.  
Another Diet of the Empire.  
THere follows upon this another Diet of the Empire at Worms about the 15 day of July. Therein King Ferdinand by his Legates doth propose and ask whether, the City being now possessed, course should be farther taken for the utter rooting out of the Anabaptists. Adviseth also, that the Princes move the Pope about the Counsel. They answer, what course to take with Anabaptists is provided for already by certain Edicts. For a counsel the Pope hath more than once been solicited thereunto by Caesar: nor would they make, they said, any further progress in it. At the same meeting the Bishop of Munster desireth that his charge and damage might be repaired; and complaineth that the moneys promised were not yet come in. When no proceed farther could be had, and few Estates were present, another meeting was appointed about the first day of November, when there should be hearing had of the accounts and charges of the war: and resolved upon what form of government for the time to come at Munster should be established. When that day came, the Legate of King Ferdinand reports the causes of the calling this Assembly, namely among other things, that it might be also thought on how the City lately taken might be henceforth settled in its old Religion. Then the Bishop's legate shows them how great expenses he was at throughout the war, how deeply he was run in debt, how, though the City now were taken, yet to prevent disturbance and all danger he was enforced to raise two Citadels in the City and to garrison them: Upon all which he desireth consideration may be taken. 'Twas answered: that the Bishop was possessed already of both the greater part of the spoils and all the Arms, yea, and the Citizen's goods, all which indeed belong unto the Empire: that it was meet to have the things, being prized, compared with the charge, what more was wanting care should be had thereof. After 'twas resolved that the Bishop of Munster, as heretofore, should be subject to the Empiretall the Nobility he restored, and the Citizens also, so they were not Anabaptists, that were wandered unto other places: for religion, that the Bishop follow the decrees of the Empire, in the beginning of the spring, next year that the Legates of the Princes go to Munster, take Cognizance of the Citizen's conditions, save the innocent, demolish all the forts raised by the Anabaptists, and that the Bishop also pull down the Citadels raised by himself within the City. For the King and Cnipperdoling and Cretchting, that were prisoners, let him punish them without longer stay at the first opportunity according to their demerits. As to that we told you was resolved on about religion, the Princes of Saxony, the Landgrave of Wirtemberg, and Anhalt publicly protested their dissent the same professed the Cities also: and they would not have the ancient fortifications of the City to be demolished, for the new they were content.   

CAP. XV.  
The King and his fellow prisoners carried about to the Princes. Debates with them.  
THe King and his two fellow prisoners were carried up and down unto the Princes to be looked, and laughed at; Through this occasion the Lantgraves' Preachers get a conference with the king; and the list is entered specially on these Articles: Of the Kingdom of Christ. The Magistrate, Justification, Baptism, the supper of the Lord, the incarnation of Christ, and marriage. Wherein they went so fare by proof of Scripture that the man, for all his wrestling to make good his ground, was, though not fully turned, yet bend and weakened so that at the last he almost granted all. Which yet 'tis thought he did in hopes to save his life. For when they came the second time unto him he promised, if he might be spared, that he would make the Anabaptists grown so numerous in Holland, Brabant, England, Friezland, all to be still and submit in all things to the Magistrate. The same men than enter disputation with his fellows, both by word and writing, Of Mortification, Paedobaptism, Community of goods, and the kingdom of Christ.   

CAP. XXVI.  
The King's discourse with the Bishop. His and his fellow's Punishment.  
WHen they were brought to Talget, the King being asked by the Bishop, by what authority he durst to arrogate such licence on his City and his people? Asks him again, and who gave him the Rule and Government there? when the Bishop answered that he had it by consent of the College and the people: he replies God called him thither. Then on the 19 day of January they are brought back to Munster and put in several prisons. The same day also thither came the Bishop, and with him the Legates of the Archbishop of Colen and Prince of Cleve. The two days following were spent in godly admonition to reclaim them from their error, and the king indeed confessed his sin, and praying, made his application unto Christ for Succour. But the other two neither did acknowledge any fault, and stiffly stood upon their vindication. Next day the King brought forth upon a scaffold is bound unto a stake. Two Executioners are standing by him, and tongs burning hot. At the three first pinches he spoke not a word: but afterwards continually imploring God for mercy, when he had been torn this fashion for an hour or more, by a sword at last thrust through his heart, gave up the Ghost. His fellows fared alike. Being dead, they are all made fast in several Iron cages, and hung upon the highest tower of the City. The King indeed betwixt them both, and about the stature of a man above them.   

The POSTSCRIPT, Of the Tumult late at Abingdon.  

§. 1.  
Indifferent Reader.  
SOme years are passed since first the story and its preface gone before were dressed and ready in that very garb (unto a little trimming) now thou findest them in, but had never put the foot (I am persuaded) over the threshold of their own door, no not so much as to take the air with a friend or two, much less to have rambled up and down the Country at this rate they do, had not the sad condition of a froward age, and serious conscience of serving souls (perhaps thine own for one) to pass by friends desires, conspired in a restless importunity to force them to this posture. What relish the Essay itself, or this profession concerning it will find with persons over-byassed by the prejudice of their own spirits; consequently, what return of thanks at the same hands such a venture will bring in, needs no diviner to presage. However, on supposal that the costs, when well cast up, will not inflame the total past possibility of being cleared off even to a token, and something spare, by the mere assurance of the designs integrity nakedly to promote the public interest (as is the case, nor quite forsaken of all hopes to speed therein) I hope the supposed inconvenience will be somewhat balanced, and this attempt of Christian service sufficiently abetied. That we are all apt to be so fond of the Bird of our own nest so to fancy the issues of our own mind, as to make our jealousy burn like fry: at whatsoever carrieth but the appearance of a noncompliance with this our in dulgence, is not to be denied: Oh that it were bewailed! What other reason (to instance there) can be assigned that such a signal Monument, as this Munster tragedy is, of the Almighty's vengeance against man's turning grace in to wantonnnesse, should be so much out of credit with the present successors of their faith and practice (at least from whence they are denominated) that instead of being looked upon, and trembled at, and warning took thereby, 'tis cause enough, but with too many of them, to enrol him for an enemy (in despite of the purest aim to act the friend therein) that shall persuade thereto. It is somewhat lighter I confess since a chief Apostle hath been put to that Apology, Am I therefore become your Enemy because I tell you the truth? 
Gal. 1.16 (P. 2.) A [Presage of things with us]    

§. 2.  
But the proof of this is now no longer beyond the seas, having landed on our Coasts some years ago, and taken up its Quarters in every County (if not most townships) of the English Nation. Our wonder is the less because (though more is the pity, and the rather that it is so little laid to heart) the Old known enemy to all concernments of Christianity having bankrupt there both cash and credit is shuffling the cards to play over his game (once more) with us, Their imputation (that it may be would be gamesters) unto this suggestion, as savouring purely of a spirit overgrown with melane choly, that fears its own shadow, and cries out when there is none to hurt him, may easily raise dust enough (suitably to his method that chaseth darkness for his work, as being prince thereof) to convoy a plot without observance by a purblind eye, but really hath little efficacy to put off men for trees to a firmer sight; and none at all to bless him with the happiness of a dissappointment to his fear that labours under it. For my own part without dissembling (for now it is no time for silence when the very Echoes of seditious language makes almost every hill and vale to ring again) to me ne'er did a cloudy lowering morning speak louder for some storms a brewing, then do the discontents amongst us avowed and triumphed in, even to the clouding of the very air with the smoke thereof, portend some fire at bottom (with the gentlest gale) ready to inflame. Whoever will be at the cost but by looking o'er the former story, only to observe the German Monster's shape and compare it with that Embryon hatching (you will see anon) but alas too fast in England (the sonle indeed of actual insurrection is, through mercy, not yet infused) I shall be confident of finding him remote enough from rejecting this sad presage as purely melancholical.   

§. 3.  
Let us a while say nothing of the Books in print, 
[Grounded on common discourss, & ●●  although those say enough; let us meddle not with public prayings and speakings, which yet speak plain to the point in hand: only attend a little unto what is growing unto table talk common discourse in every mouth almost of those retaining to our male-contented spirits: What comes it to? The Saints must rule. 'tis true in Scripture sense, but when or how we will spare to ask it here. It seems 'tis plain with them, they do not then as yet; do not they mean themselves alone can any think? Why else one dram or two of charity left for the people not their own, would bid them spare the pains of seeking what they have already. The ungodly must come down, we do not doubt it neither, in the sense of Scripture still. But who are they, if the Judgement always must be their own (as to be sure it shall when once they rule the roast) May I speak the fears of others the honest Presbyterian and Independent will be in the number: or, which comes to one the godly, not of their persuasion? Else, for the ranting royal Enemy 'tis seen by all he is humbled pretty well already: at least is not a man of Power now, and therefore not therein intended. The present Powers, how little mercy have they at their hands? Not of God, injust, apostatical, illegal, tyrannical, persecuting, and enough of this kind tossed like a football up and down the Country: More, Must not be paid to, nor prayed for, and this practical too within our observation. And pray why not resisted next? Though one told me (upon an Item given of the Munster business) some of them (the modester belike) thought it not convenient so to do. By what of mine own ears, and by what of other honest men's reports, I meet with, beside their books, Reader, I may be well content to hear thee say, as she once did in another casse: The half is not told me. And now, can any man that is well in his wits, how ere the matter may be blanched over to any excuse, pretence or varnish whatsoever, forbear to say, What means this bleating in mine ears?   

§. 4.  
Whether the business late at Abingdon, 
[The Affaireslate at Abingdon considered]  in the County of Berks, the rumour whereof hath been upon the wing ere this no doubt unto the utmost limits of English ground, contributes any farther evidence, and what that is to the already just suspicion comes now to be considered. That the ways are so blocked up from those men's coming at any certainty of intelligence in that affair, whose habitations are remote (such to be sure as either wear the same livery with themselves or otherwise, whose over fond credulity will dispose to any inpression) by a most lame report (to speak most softly) the parties delinquent thence have thrust upon the Nation in a single sheeted pamphlet, must be confessed by all whose eyes have coasted on it. And yet I nothing doubt, but that a person of indifferent apprehension (provided always his affection be none other) upon due perusal of that complaining Testimony, for so 'tis styled, will need no Index for directing him to find firm bottom that may bear a ground piece of state disturbance fastened on it. A piece (with good leave of the Reader, to begin the Account intended, with first casting up how much that comes to) so every way (in mine opinion) past reclaiming, that its parents, notwithstanding natural fondness, have cause enough to disinherit it, yea never more to look upon it as their child. In earnest, if one silly sheet of paper (for 'tis no more) may possibly breed bate twixt Folly, Falsehood, and Sedition, whose share is greatest in it; I think 'tis here. 
[Which is found foully guilty of]  Having once but clearly showed how the Competitors lay their several claims, I'll leave the controversy undecided as I find it.   

§. 5.  
First, 
(1) [Folly]  to create the expectation of a doleful tragedy, say, to hang forth some Hercules Furens died deep as scarlet from top to toe with the blood of next & dearest relations: and then to entertain the Longing spectator with the cruel murder of a man of straw, or to demonstrate the gaping mortal wounds made on a little finger by a merciless pin, drawn from the sleeve its scabbard: I ask, whether the merits of such a cause may fairly plead not guilty of childish vanity, or justly make complaint it is nicknamed, if any chance to call it trifling, and ridiculous. If this be not of kin, yea cousin-german to the case in hand upon the evidence the paper mentioned itself gives in, I'll ask no mercy at the hands of any: if so, I think there is as little need to fear the censure. The lintel of the door hath written on it, I mean the Title Page cries out, 
[In sad cries]  of sore calamity nay inhuman deal of officers and soldiers (repeated pag. 1) that is, a behaviour of them befitting bruits not men: no wonder then to hear of sore calamity. Whose pity now would not this provoke? Go on your first step in the Entry (the first Epistle) shows you contempt, despite, reproach; yea sufferings and tribulations, under which they are. Really if so, and undeserved too, 'twould make one's heart to ache. At the other end (the second epistle) there you may run and read a sad complaint indeed of persecution, Cruelty, and blood of Brethren. Whose bowels would not yearn to hear the story of one brothers plucking out, as it were, another's heart, and washing his hands in the very blood thereof? Were this the case, no marvel though they call it a dark and gloomy day, as twice they do in the breath of the first room, or page you come at.   

§. 6.  
But yet alas! when all doth come to all, 
[Without all cause]  what is this saddest matter, if we take their own bare word for all? View well the Testimony (I wish themselves would do it) and there you find (upon all their most unsufferable provocations) One had his hawking bag searched and 'tis said writings (happily seditious) taken out. Others even for (no better then calling) they say, comparing the Commander and his party to their very faces unto high way men (for answering but as Soldiers to their petulant challenges of them upon their Orders and Commission) commanded to their chambers, and for their insolences in that carriage, caned by him. Some at their meeting house door by the Guard, there set (of soldiers it seems, and with their pistols too, and in their hands belike) hindered from going in. And in particular one living there had a pistol presented (it may be fixed for they say 'twas cocked) to his breast (not back) when pressing in. At the last and worst assault (when fair means could do no good Reader assure thyself) They tell you one was pulled down from something that he stood upon. Another to get out of the way stumbled over stones to his hurt. A third offered to be road over, but not come at. A fourth had many blows made at him, but was touched by none. A fifth had his hat slashed in three or four places, & which is worst of all, the Commander cut divers. But who, and what they were: what danger in their wounds; where they lie under surgeon, with such like weighty circumstances; No, not a word. It was such a fray that though they writ, some had their clothes torn, and some were haled (not dragged upon the ground) about the market place: yet how many were slain upon the place, how many mortally wounded, or how many utterly disabled we must go some where else to be informed. This is their story, Reader (mine account whereof I trust upon thy strictest search will pass for current: most sure I am with care and conscience it hath been called to the test) this is, I say their story served in with sore calamity, with cruelty and blood, as more thou heardest but now. Which what it makes on the first Claimers side, I'll leave unto thyself: but with presumption that some silent thoughts at least will tell thee thy pains & patience have just their amends, who gaping out of breath, to see the mighty monster (doubtless) which a mountain fallen in travail would bring forth, at last perceive there comes a little mouse. As for their parts when they complain of hard measure, that their nakedness is so taken notice of, and withal acquit themselves of the imputation of immodesty so too, themselves, uncover it in public view, we are content to stand obliged for giving better satisfaction to them. Mean while, having but once enquired what else should mean this querulous and unreasonably whining spirit, save to lay low (with those tame souls they deal with blindfold; for an open eye sees in it nothing else but very chaff) the reputation of our Magistrates, who give such hardest measure: and to raise their own, who quietly put it up. and added, that if ever those worthies, Heb. 11. (to look no further) suffered but at, and yet complained after such a rate, I'll never trust mine eyes again. We will hearken unto what comes next.   

§. 7.  
Then whether Truth and conscience do not suffer somewhat more than mere restraint, 
(2) Falsehood.  I mean flat banishment, at the hands but of too many passages in that Paper, could I be heard, I would beseech themselves well to consider. To take the testimonies but of two or three, enough to make a valid proof if they speak home to the point in hand, if not, I must profess they are Barbarians unto me, or mute as fishes. For instance. First where they call it now a day of their sore calamity, 
[In notorious misreports of their-owne and—]  elsewhere amplified (as 'tis well known) by words of heaviest weight and saddest import, contempt, reproach, persecutions etc.  
But is the matter thus indeed? Or is it possible themselves alone of all the world should see 'tis so? What are those pressures lying on them that fetch such sighs and groans from their very hearts again? If we go round the Nation, and ask their Neighbours in every tithing, who can acquaint us with them? May we not, Reader, must we not say unto them, as the Apostle did to others, who is he that will harm you if ye be followers of what is good? Are not their liberties & their Properties ascertained to them by as good a title as any other persons whatsoever. Yea by as good a title as unto the Present Government itself, I mean the Instrument. Who doth not know that theirs and its must live and die together, unless themselves lay violent hands on either before the time. And are they not in possession of them? Ah worst ingratitude to the hand of mercy, that puts sweet for bitter, and bitter for sweet, that nicknames light darkness, and darkness light, good evil and evil good! And can a gracious soul forget or slight the bitter word against that evil frame of spirit? 
Isay 5.20.  All that is said, or possibly can be (whereof I am ware) which whether heavier than the dust of the balance is quickly tried, comes but to this, some (very few) of their friends are kept in Prison. And must their friends (if one should ask them) of all the world alone be lawless? Is this the liberty contended for (to put that also) that they speak what they please, do what they list and no man dare to call them to account? Or if (once more yet) Authority shall make so bold, and with their friends, for preservation of the whole, as to command the paring of a nail or cutting of a corn, is all then gone to wrack immediately? The tender usage of that very small and inconsiderable number (if now at all a number) under restraint, is just so far (their miscarriages duly measured) from laying ground of half those clamours gone abroad about it, that it irresistably obligeth unto gratitude all ingenuous spirits Sympathising with them. He that hears any thing, without his own door, cannot be ignorant that nothing less than flat defiance of Authority with us, brought them where they are. A lesson sure enough ne'er taught them by the blessed spirit, 
Rom. 13-1.  whose language is let every soul be subject to the higher powers, because they are the Ordinance of God.   

§. 8.  
Nor doth it serve the turn, 
[Zions present condition, specially—]  only to call it now a day of their own calamity, but Zion also must be entitled to that complaint: Zions tribulation; so the subscription to the first epistle hath it.  
Is Zion only among themselves? Let any show me how that phrase will fairly bear another sense. There is then but little Truth in that I think all other men will say: and lesser love (me thinks) I may: but that (alas!) 'tis not such news to find it so with them. Or if we strain their [Zion] that there may be room for other, all Saints else, besides themselves, within these Lands to shelter under it, 'tis still as much an Alien unto Truth as formerly. Had indeed the Lord caused the ways of Zion to mourn, because none came to her Solemn Assemblies: had the Lord abhorred his Sanctuary that his voice from thence were no more heard: had the Lord given her walls into the hand of her Enemy, that she must hold her tongue and not make mention of the name of Lord. Were this, or worse, the case of the Zion here with us: who of her sons but his eye must needs affect his heart unto a doleful lamentation for and with her? But, whilst our eyes behold our teachers, and see the beauty of their feet that bring glad tidings: whilst we sit under our vines and figtrees none making us afraid: Whilst Kings are nursing fathers to us, and Queens our nursing mothers: as here 'tis thus with Zion yet, and somewhat better (adored be that grace from whence 'tis so) it cannot sink into our thoughts but as her heart is filled with joy and mouth with laughter hereupon, so her complaints will find some fit matter to spend themselves upon, most likely, that untoward frame of spirit that doth not duly prise and make a just improvement of those signal mercies enjoyed by her.   

§. 9  
I shall pass by their frontispiece— implicit accommodation of the 3 of Malachy and 15 verse unto our times: and discharge the second parties claim upon the hearing only of one evidence more given in, 
[The gross untruth in pleading not guilty under such apparent misbehaviour]  in one half line in their last page. And thus it says, Little against any was spoke or done at the meeting.  
But where is now the soft and tender Conscience that will not bear false witness, and dareth thus deliberately in the face of heaven and earth, and by so many hands (how few soever were the heads about composing right hearts for certain herein being fewest of all) to cast up, in print, so vast a bill of venomed provocations into very cyphers? All was but little, say they, but what that little was it seems they have more wit (at least) than tell. A little truly of their little, Reader, thou mayst expect to hear anon. Mean while I would ask themselves. Is this the part of faithful Historians; but no more of that: doth it become honest and upright Christians, Sons of Zion, 
[Testim:] pag. 4. l. 31, 32, 33.  to pretend an exact Relation, for preventing false reports, with acouched obligation on men's consciences, at least their brethren's, to credit none but theirs: and that too in a business of such moment wherein all Authority on one hand is concerned, and some private persons on the other, upon a tender point, Reputation of the dearest kind, conscience, piety, (what not?) and yet to be so grossly partial to the eye of every Reader, as on their own behalf to put down pence for pounds or better, and on Authorities neither pence nor pounds at all. Whom will not such proceed put in mind of the people that made lies their refuge, and under falsehood hid themselves? Believe it 'tis the easiest task after this rate to justify the wicked and condemn the righteous, with abundant plausibility, that may be thought on. Near did the womb of Newgate deliver a viler wretch than by this method of procedure might die a Martyr, and leave the blackest brand of Persecutor on his most upright judge, that passed the sentence on him. Surely the 9th Commandment but well considered and awfully received, would have marred that claim that lies so fairly now (or foully rather) for falsehood in that paper.   

§. 10.  
We are come at last unto the last Pretender that is Sedition. 
(3) [Sedition]  To pronounce it as the Soul that animates the whole, would both prejudge the trial, and look too like a passing o'er those bounds than set when first the Champions were usherd in to play the prize. Let the Reader only take that hint and pursue it further at his own discretion.  
Not to insist upon the plagues they threaten such as faithfully will serve the state. 
Epist. 2.8.   
If Scorns, and raylings, slanders and black censures upon Authority itself: if these not cypherd but in words at length, 
[In vile revile of Authority]  not single but in companies, not once but oftentimes belched out may commence Sedition: that Paper sure enough hath done all its exercise, and is as well fitted for the faculty as a vagabond for the Stocks. What think ye where it says the soldiers had— Orders from their Lord— in the first leaf: and one whom— They call— M. Gen. Bridges, in the last? Tush this is nothing: take it by whole sale (for 'tis not fit to be retailed) Apostates, Persecutors, Traitors (like Judas) and a Sodomitish generation, and this no further off than the two Epistles is the greeting which they give our Powers.  
He that can find a fit name than what I give this language, shall quickly have me his disciple; but whosoever thinketh their dark profession (at the close of all) against an actual rising then, both reason enough for seeking out another name, and a sufficient security on their parts, for keeping of the peace must give me leave to enter my dissent. Most sure I am, the blessed saints of God recorded in the holy Scriptures are not the Patrons of this ranting talk. No, we may learn from them it hath another father than that Spirit of holiness, meekness and humility which lodged in their bosoms. If this be news to any Reader, let him remember what their character is: who despise dominions, 
Judg. 8.2. Pet. 2.10. Rom. 13.1, 2, 3, etc.  speak evil of dignities, and resist the powers; whereto the margin will assist him. Let him withal consider sadly (oh that themselves would do it!) to whom that Prophecy holdeth out the finger which telleth us. In the last days perilous times shall come: For men shall be lovers of their own selves— disobedient to parents— despisers of others that are good, 
2 Tim. 3.1.2, 3, etc.  Traitors, heady, highminded: and which is the misery, all this under a form of godliness, but without the power: and much more like it.  
Believe it; all the paint and varnish in the world improved by the rarest Artist for setting of such a rate of carriage as spiritual and divine, will have alike success (with every wise and sober Christian) to the greatest pains for washing white the Ethiopians skin, which is proverbially called Labour in vain. No, No, with such a one, as their complaining Testimony cannot be taken for a new Book of Martyrs: so neither is he able to shift of his saddest fears, that such a spirit as breathes therein will do its best to prove himself no bastard to his Progenitors beyond the Seas. Although it be his earnest suit at the throne of grace, that an Almighty hand may dispossess it of its hold in gracious hearts, and plucking them as brands out of the burning, frustrate its hopes, and his own fears together.   

§. 11  
By this time, 
(2) [By a just Narrative of the Author touching—]  Reader, (supposing now thou hast as little mind as I myself to meddle in these Rival's quarrel) thou art expecting a just compendium of that Affair at Abingdon. And I must profess there is so little pleasure to me in the work, that were I not herein (without a compliment) devoted to thy service, a mere review of what is passed already would bid me supersede all further information. But, for thy sake, until they please (who wrote upon the place, all passages worthy observation) to gratify their Country with so small a Courtesy as the making public of their notes, I will attempt the pushing of the pikes to let thee share in part of that exact intelligence freely bestowed on me (than absent, as fell out, though often there, and always living within six mile's distance of the place) by persons, and my honoured friends, of Piety and Prudence, Spectators of the Business.  
Mr Pendarves, 
[Mr Pendarves his death]  late pastor to the Adversaries of Infant-Baptisme in that Town, having yielded up the Ghost some weeks before at London, and changed his many quarrels here for everlasting peace (I am so persuaded from that intimacy some years ago betwixt us) in our father's kingdom; after some hot debates twixt his surviving friends about his bodies resting place on earth: was brought at last, by water (in a chest like those for sugar, filled up with sand, and lodged at a Grocers) there to deposit the remains of death, where the service of his life had been devoted. This brought of persons (of the same complexion with him in religious matters) out of their respect unto his memory, from most parts of the Nation, and some the remotest, a number of both sexes (both far and near) very considerable.  
The State took Item of the inconveniences the concourse of so great a people (where disaffection to our present peace apparently predominates) might start at such an opportunity, 
(Known to the state)  and prudently to prevent the worst, assign eight troops of horse under command to Major General Bridges to take up quarters, at the very Juncture, in Wallingford: a Town within the same County, and upon the same river, seven miles below the place forenamed.  
All things prepared for the funeral, 
[And Burial with—]  and the company met on Tuesday the 30 of September— 56 (the day unto that work appointed) the Corpse, with meet solemnity, in a new burying place, before a Garden (for such a one of late hath been procured at the Town's West end, and in the Oxestreete: whether because they would not have communion with us a live or dead, or for what other reason I must be silent) is espoused to the grave. That day, saving what time attendance on this evening-worke borrowed of necessity, was spent upon Religious exercises: several, as thereunto drawn forth, taking their turns in praying and in speaking. The morrow is as yestarday with them.   

§. 12.  
But 'tis sad to hear at what a rate they deal with God and Man. 
[The companies strange and sad behaviour there at the meeting.  The burden of that whole demeanour rings only, as a disengaged person will be apt to think, of blowing the match that should give fire unto the train laid for enflaming heaven and earth against our peace and powers.  
There it was said (with gall enough) The treacherous dealers have dealt very treacherously: and I think none want directions for the application. There it was told the Lord that he had made Him like to Cain (who slew his brother) a vagabond, and one afraid where no fear is.  
And to make sure the dullest Scholar might understand the person aimed at, 'twas added, therefore he sends after us; Lord bring him down, we will not give thee rest until thou answer us. There was the Man that had face enough to say, God never prospered our armies by land nor sea since our rebellion against Jesus Christ, and turning traitors to his kingdom: and, to see the forehead! this notorious falsehood (without a blush) spoke to the face of God himself, with solemn notice taken of his hand appearing in it, and farther hopes expressed that he would never make it better with us for hereafter. Truly this takes the less upon us unto admiration, since sure enough, false witness is an evil hardly of so deep a die as blood. And yet the question being started there by one in prayer, whether God's people must be a bloody people (in an active sense) was carried by the same in the affirmative, who spoke it with sufficient boldness (whatever others say unto the contrary) that they must be a Bloody People. To make which passage good ('tis too too probable) the request was sent to heaven by him that begged importunately for a pouring forth the spirits of David's Soldiers on them, whereby their hands might be taught to war and fingers to fight, that when they had done all they might give the glory unto God. Which that it might not die as a faint desire in the very birth was midwifed unto life & vigour by the greatest care, as of other hands; so of his especially, who in a large discourse drew forth a parallel betwixt God's people's case with us, and Lots in Sodom, from Gen. 19.15. the text he spoke ' on. Thence (if the Reader will accept a taste of what at large lies by me) he acquaints the people, that God's people must not stay in the plain, but up to the mountains and undertake hard things: with more unto that purpose. The doctrine thus commended was cleared by removal of objections, as from the hardness of the dispensation, the improbability of accomplishing the design, a trade, a family, and relations to be attended, ye● soul enjoyments within, besides outwards, liberty of God's Ordinances, and such like: which all being put together (it was confessed) seem to speak fair for sitting still and being quiet. But a wet finger wipes off all. For 'tis returned hereto, amongst other things, that 'tis worse to stay in Babylon, Lot had got nothing by saying thus: a fiery dispensation 'tis, up then and be gone lest flames over take you. The call must be obeyed, though as Abram did, you go you know not whither. Nothing that is dear must now be valued. Expect rubs in the way; arugged dispensation 'tis. Friends, Relations, great ones of the Earth, will oppose, and oppress you. But the work is Gods, and he will prosper it. If this will not salve the sore: then the curse on Meroz for not submitting to the present dispensation in coming forth to help the Lord against the mighty; and menacings of God's fury breaking out against that man, that out of Jeer, or a spirit of indifferency declines the work, is brought in to enforce the Exhortation past all resistance. But for the dispensation talked of, he that would know what that may be, is soon informed by attending only unto what that person spoke thereof, who told the Major General upon his examination: Though it had been of the Lamb heretofore, yet now it was to be the dispensation of the Lyon. I had almost forgot to give you notice of his Revelation, who, in the people's hearing, held the Almighty very hard in prayer on a special promise, made him before he came thither, to meet him there with special presence.  
As for the dealing with the public preachers of the Gospel at that meeting (to save their longing who perhaps desire thereof a little intimation) let it be known in brief, the Courtship there afforded them without distinction, Wa●, dumb dogs, members of Babylon, Antichristian priests, and the smoke of the bottomless pit. Save that he seemed a little modester, who was complaining that the waters of the Sanctuary did run foul, and scarcely one in a hundred of them is able to give a reason of the hope that is in them: till at the last he fauls so foul as to pray, down with the Priests, without mercy unto any one at all among them.  
Reader, me thinks, thou shouldest excuse me, if I have no farther mind to rake in such a kennel, though it would be easy, from the hands aforesaid, to acquaint thee with much more a kin to this, about both praying down, & pulling down the Powers that imprison Saints, about both flat and frequent calling (SOME BODY) Rebel and Traitor, about comparing soldiers unto Irish Rebels, about tearing flesh; and such like dishes, served in, as common entertainment, within the compass of that meeting.   

§. 13.  
Tidings hereof was quickly brought (for you must know there were that did by Order lie leaguer for exact intelligence) unto the Major General. 
[Signified to the M. General who—]  Who, whether wisely to give them rope, or in expectation of their voluntary separation, or (whereto for certain reasons I rather do incline) upon misinformation given by a leading person thereabouts, forbears, notwithstanding this so just and full a provocation, the first and second days of their convention in so public manner: for you must know that many of them on Saturday before first took the Town. 
[Sends a party that-]  On Thursday morning a party of some fifty horse commanded by a Lieutenant is dispatched with Orders to dissolve the meeting.  
Upon their entrance the pleasure of the state was published to them, THAT THEY MUST DEPARTED UNTO THEIR SEVERAL HABITATIONS; those that are strangers that is; for Townsmen they are left unto their liberty.  
This would not take upon them, though backed with importunities both of persuasions and entreaties.  
Some had given out before, that they had put up requests to God they waited for returns unto, & did not know how long they might be kept in expectation. But the common answer was by flat affronts to the Soldier's faces. A guard was set upon the house they met in, that they might not enter there. The multitude cut scores for that, and hurry to the market place. 
[Under greatest patience and bitterest provocation]  There in the Criers Pulpit they begin to pray and speak, or rather rant and rail in wild confusion. Abusing the Protector; and the Soldiers to their very teeth. There one cries out now Lord appear, now or never for confounding of these thine and our Enemies. Another, we are not for Cromwel's Kingdom, for Priests and Universities, but for the Kingdom of Christ. Whole armfuls more of Billingsgate flowers, far fetched indeed, but at the cheapest rate were there put off that might be. The female sex mean while encouraging the Tumult-leaders with their acclamation, Hold on ye Sons of Zion. One passage more at least is worth your noting, I mean that man's Adventure, who in the market place calls for a sign from heaven in hearing of that great assembly, though also know 'twas with alike success to those that had no voice, nor any answering, in the 18 of Kings the 18 and the 26. O the amazing patience of him that seethe spite and mischief, which he can with ease requite, and yet forbeareth!  
When at the last their contempt and obstinacy was grown insuperable, 
[Dissolves the meeting.]  either by request or by commands, the Soldiers were constrained with their own hands to pull down the speakers, and so to make division of them. But of all the mischief done in such a tumult, at such resistance, by Canes, and Swords (for the Guns it seems were silent) whatever it were, I cannot learn unto this day, though I live so near, and have often since been upon the quest among themselves and others, there and else where, who hath a wound to show for that day's work. The worst that ever I met with, and that was from themselves (for I will not willingly conceal a little worth the hearing) was that some body, who I know not, was slightly scratched upon the nose (as others tells me) by a Soldier in the drawing forth his sword: and another individuum vagum cut upon the hand.  
This being over, the Major General enters with his whole Brigade of horse, and having called before himself, and chiefest officers the principal somenters of that Seditious Business, assays, not merely by extreme civility, but friendly and affectionate tenderness to reduce them to sobriety. But with what success? None would acknowledge, as to own, the present Government. Many, even hoys, with heads uncovered would dispute it with him. And others would not engage for Peace, not knowing, as they said, how soon they might 〈◊〉 called out to do the Lords work.  
Upon the issue of this whole affair but only five of all that number (where the common signal of a Mutiny [they were all one] was often given out) were committed unto custody (though since, 
[The issue of all, with]  I hear, released) for further answer to their misbehaviour. Yet what a stir is made about it: much rather, at how cheap a rate a tumult of that nature was appeased, I think is worthy admiration. Reader; thou hast the sum and substance of what upon this subject came to my hands from persons, as I told, thee of unquestionable credit: whereto (without the breach of modesty, I nothing doubt) I may and do profess a faithful adherence on my part from first to last. And if thou wantest yet some fuller evidence for ripening of thy Judgement on the issue of such strange behaviour, 
[Intimation of the Spring and head thereof.]  I think thou wilt not lose thy labour by consulting only GENERATION WORK Part 1. especially pag. 23.24.110. compared with a Sermon, sometime preached in Abingdon, a short account whereof thou hast, in an Appendix to Church-Rules for Abingdon, published by the Minister there, who heard it preached without the least reply thereto unto this day, though long before his death, whose burial did give life unto The Tumult. That the Moral Law, for instance [thou shalt not kill] should veil the bonnet to a [dispensation merely] calling unto blood! The Lord awaken souls and make them try before they trust.  
Presuming now at last, thou art as weary as myself, having once, good Reader, but expostulated a little with our discontented Brethren I'll turn thee lose,   

§. 14.  
Sirs,  
Will you vouchsafe to cast an eye (indifferent) on a few lines, 
(P. 3.) [An Expostulation with our discontented Brethren, about]  that do protest (as fare as possibly their utmost intimacy with their Master's mind can reach) have nothing else before them but your real service? An alms (me thinks) so cheap, you should not grudge (so many of you at the least as have not sealed Indentures unto sullen Passion) an earnest beggar, suppose him friend, or otherwise.  
What is it then that aileth you to make this noise, 
[Their present enjoyments, and]  and stir you do? Why cannot the Nation's rest in peace all long of your disturbance? Who is the Man that doth, or dares entrench upon your privileges, but at his peril, and on whom you may be righted, if you list to make complaint? Is not the selfe scope, and elbow room allowed you in all concernments, as any the good people of the Nations whatsoever? where's any other Lord and Master of your faith, but whom yourselves set up? Are not your meetings for doctrine and for practice left to your own discretion? Can you complain the beams of supreme Power light with a fairer and fuller influence on the otherwise minded, than those of your persuasion? Name the capacities for Honour or Advantage (or what you please that is worth the naming) whereto your mere Profession can give a non-suite to your claim. Do not all men see many your friends (for we presume yourselves do not think the several merits of them all can mount so high) in Court, and Camp, in Council and in Country, Stars of the greater magnitude?   

§. 15.  
The premises are so above board in open view to all, 
[Past Professions, compared]  that I am so little solicitous about your own concession of them, as to be confident very strangers in our Israel are apt to think the disease lies not in perishing for want, 
[Past Professions, compared]  but taking surfeit by excess. Look back a little; how long is it since the world was made believe fare less than this would have served your turn? Can yourselves forget the time wherein you bore in hand, might you but at the last reach but to liberty in God's worship, you should sit down as at your journeys end? This, O this, the very darling of our hearts, and life of souls (the speech than went) would make amends and over measure to sighs and groans, to prayers and tears, to coin and blood adventured for it. And now the treasure is landed with Interest for its stay so long, and both enjoyed, not yet to be contented, nay to cry out all's lost and ship wracked, whom doth not this amaze? who can unriddle it? Say, ye had something (we know not of) to stop our mouths withal, will it serve to silence Providence also? What think ye, Sirs, when Egypt is left, the wilderness over, the Sea passed, the Egyptians dead upon the shore, yea the land of promise viewed already, and ready to be entered on: if the people now (prompted by an unhappy faction) will be complaining still, as if they were at their bricks and lash; if Moses and Aaron, the instruments of their deliverance, must be kicked off with scorn for all their service; if through their sides by mutinous murmurs and seditious practices the face of heaven be flown against, and the whole bundle of dear bought mercies quite unravelled to the very end of the bottom: what think ye if the Lord distaste this course, and declare from heaven against the Abettors of it in a dreadful posture? will such a doctrine learn us nothing in the Application? Can there be nothing said in their behalf, who serve Christ Jesus in his Gospel publicly, but that you might add farther to your present work of letting fly whole quivers of arrows, even bitter words, against them, without distinction, notwithstanding their bespeaking you in the Apostles language where is the blessedness you (sometime) spoke of? for I bear you record that, if it had been possible, you would have plucked out your eyes and given them us. Are we therefore become your Enemies because we tell you the truth? I say but that you might add farther (oh most sad!) endeavours to fulfil the prophecy John 16.2. He that killeth you shall think he doth God service. Yet, Sirs, to raise yourselves upon the ruins of your other Brethren (for these you will not take into the number) or both to fall as footstools to a worse third, besides the riotous wasting such a stock of precious mercies, and making all profession a hissing and a byword unto scorners, cannot (me thinks) but be of dismal consideration to your own retired thoughts. Whether the face of things now carrying on amongst you look not this way too wishly, who is it almost but can resolve it? oh that yourselves would timely look to it!   

§. 16.  
For what you talk of (enough at random truly) Old principles are apostatised from. 
[Consideration of their Objections 1 Old principles departed from,, and—]  If humane frailties in your supposed Adversaries although our Rulers must have (hard measure!) no benefit of Clergy at your hands; if the blessing upon Sem and Japhet when Ham was cursed Gen. 9 be not at all regarded; if the weapons of the Ancient Church (pretended to by none more than yourselves in former days) Prayers and Tears must be quite thrown down, as never more to be taken up: yet at the least be cool a little, whilst I ask you, Will not all principles and engagements spoken of be easily (in your own sense) resolved into this one, PROMOTING ZIONS INTEREST? I am confident you do admit it. Then further, tell me, Is not encouragement of God's people in their worshipping of him according to their different light (I appeal unto yourselves, according to what you hither to have spoke and wrote) most eminently the life and soul of ZIONS INTEREST? I take this also granted. And I beseech you now, if taking breath a little, you put us to the proof that this is as the apple of the eye unto our present Governors, do ye not (bethink yourselves) make question whether fire be hot, or which comes to one, doubt of the Suns being up at noon? All other principals engaged to, from whence you say departure is made, when once you make the world acquainted with them (till when I hope your charity must excuse a non-attendance on them) if they prove such indeed as can find their Register amongst the rest of kin to Zion, I think, a private person may undertake either to show them swallowed up as rivers in this Sea, or (craving leave) in the state's behalf to promise a seasonable retrivement of them. Mean while 'twould well become us private persons to look to our exemplar, who made me Judge? and move within our proper sphere, by minding of that work our calling doth cut out unto us.   

§. 17.  
And for the tenor of all your moans, 
[2 Christ's visible Reign neglected]  Christ's reign is not regarded. For my part I must tell you, it hath been oftentimes refreshment unto me (the rather I confess for yours and some other angry people's sakes) that I see just cause, even at this day, to pronounce it after David, The Lord doth reign let the earth rejoice, and the I sles be glad thereof. As for the visible kingdom whereof you are in travail in the expectation; at least you may be told, that It is of later date, I mean as to your common taking notice of it, than those Engagements spoken of, as revolted from, and so were not in view when they were entered. It lies upon you therefore to acknowledge the dealing is not fair to raise your level for it on that ground: making complaint of being false (if I mistake not) to what was scarcely thought on, much less engaged to.  
Besides I hope, yourselves allow that many eminent souls in grace, 
[Whereof many godly doubt, &—  not clear therein (although not simply contradicting it) are yet as hearty desirous as yourselves both of their Master's exaltation and their own most near enjoyment of him who, consequently, did it appear his mind, could bid as welcome to it (though it may be to their costs in some respects) as others seem to do; and therefore do not deserve such weight and measure at your hands or tongues as yet they find. But you may know it hath no little influence on them to suspend about it, when, besides what ever may be said as to the season.   

§. 18.  
First, 
[Why] (1)  'tis as bright as day to them, that the design wherewith the Gospel is filled up to the very top looks at a kingdom not consisting in meats and drink, in worldly power & the like (sufficiently pleasing doubtless to the fleshly part) but of another nature, Righteousness, and peace, and joy in the Holy Ghost. To make us Kings and Priests, not among men, but unto God: triumphers, through believing, one Hell, and curse, and sin, not by a carnal weapon over all men else, though ne'er so godly, if not complyers with our persuasion.  
And then remember, 
(2)  their Lord (according to the prophecy of him that he should not cry, nor lift up, nor cause his voice to be heard in the street, as the mode of earthly Princes is) not only did refuse to be made a king on earth, but seemeth elsewhere to give the reason of it, My kingdom is not of this world.  
And it doth not yet appear that ever he changed his mind.  
Beside it is no doubt with them but that it was the disciples weakness (before the pouring forth of the spirit on them) which they also had received by tradition from their Jewish fathers to expect Messiah's reigning in an earthly kingdom. 
(3)   
Add hereto, that the proof [of such a kingdom] is borrowed only from darker prophecies, and obscurer passages, 
(4)  in the book of God, not written with that Sunbeam the other is, wherewith their hearts are taken up. And it is worth your heeding, that as 'tis past excuse in them, who wretchedly sport the Scriptures into a very Allegory, so they must bear their blame, who in the prophecies thereof will look no further than the earthy side of promised mercies. The Holy Ghost so clothing spiritual blessings then (as likely most to take on children) in the Church's nonage, yet when she is grown up in Gospel's days would have her understand them in the sense he meant them. And therefore more than once we find such prophecies of the old Testament as seem to speak of glory and advantage to the outward, yet in the New, interpreted by himself, of those belonging to the inward man.  
And lastly, 
(5)  their great experience of small advantage by enjoying so the world at will unto the spiritual part (the reason why so many good words in the book of God we find bestowed on afflictions) and sad observations of their unhappy fate (through an apparent hand of God therein) who in an over hot pursuit of an earthy kingdom, quite lose (so it falls out) the way onto the heavenly: witness the former story.  
These things cast up together are thought by some to come to somewhat, that may make a sober Christian pause upon the business.   

§. 19  
But, put the case 'twere past all question that such a kingdom should sometimes be. 
[If granted not by Sin to be promoted, therefore—]  May we the while do evil that good may come upon it? Or needeth the Lord Jesus our lie unto his glory? Or do ye think, (and I beseech you to be serious in it,) it is his mind we should pull down HIS WRITTEN LAW IN SCRIPTURE, to set up a kingdom so darkly written there, as next to not at all? That nothing less than this way lays you in the road, you travail, was seen before, and I therefore hope you need no Monitor afresh. If my words will not take upon you, at least let the Apostles have their errand with you. 
[They are Exhorted]  We beseech you BRETHREN study to be quiet, doing your own business. Beware of suffering as evil doers, or, which is all one, as busy bodies in other men's affairs, persuade yourselves, 'twere much more happy with us, would we all make conscience more to tend the duties of those Places wherein we are, than quarrel by our carriage even at Providence for placing us unto such duties. Come, Sirs, let's never pawn the public peace, the comfort of our souls, the credit of our dearest Lord, for satisfaction to a discontented humour; which, when it hath devoured them all, will ne'er be full, whilst we have flesh to feed it. My heart doth give me, that if many of you did but see unto the end that way, you enter now so boldly on, doth lead, 'twould make your souls ride post, with switch and spur, craving all help of heaven and earth, until you were got out again: Remember, Sirs, it is not usual for men at once to arrive at the very worst. No, our malignant Enemy Satan leads by steps: but when 'tis down a steep 'tis hard recovering; for him especially that is far gone. One evil spirit once bad welcome makes room with ease and speed for seven other worse than himself. Who hath not heard that little boys creep in at windows to open doors for bigger thiefs? Why do we not lay to heart how great a matter a little fire kindleth?  
Sirs, be entreated in the bowels of Jesus Christ, to stoop betimes to Solomon's counsel: let thine eye look right on, and thine eyelids straight before thee, Ponder the path of thy feet and let thy ways be established.   

§. 20.  
May the Lord arise to favour Zion and repair those saddest gaving breaches, 
[The Lord entreated and]  Ignorance and error with the want of Christian love on every hand have either made upon her or do keep open in her; and turn unto his people a pure language, that with one consent his Name be called on amongst them, and no rest given him till he make Jerusalem the praise of all the the earth. And May the same Lord in mercy rescue the honest upright souls amongst you, not yet acquainted with the depths of Satan, from that unhappy snare of being longer made the stalking horse unto the Jesuitical, and Satanical design of those, who prostitute Religion, Conscience, (what not?) for homage to their accursed IDOLS, ADVANTAGE, and AMBITION.  

[The whole concluded.]  This is the Author's fervent prayer for Her and you: a friend (how ere you take him) affectionate unto Both: and whose soul desireth ever to be found in doing nothing against the TRUTH, but for it.  
Hinton, Berks. December 26. 1656. W. Hughes.  
FINIS.    

Mistakes of the Press.  
Epist. p. 5. l. 23 d. y. ibid. l. 25. r. no. Book. p. 2. l. 1. d. ta. p: 49. l. penult. r. clashing. p. 50. l. 6. to honest ad people Postscr. p. 1. l. 1. marg. ad (P. 1. An Apology) p. 2. Title r. Abington Tumult ibm. l. 26. r. fire. p. 4. l. 12. r. ehuseth p. 68 l. 26. after one add once. p. 69. l. penult. ad (1. By their own report) p. 75. l. 1. in too d. o. p. 79. l. 7. d. the pag. 85. l. 16. r. passing p. 95. l. 7. r. title.