THE TENTH satire OF JUVENAL, English and Latin, The English by Tho Shadwell.  
With Illustrations upon it.  
Licenced, May 25. 1687.  
LONDON, Printed by D. Mallet, for Gabriel Collins at the Middle-Temple Gate in Fleetstreet. 1687.   

TO Sir Charles Sidley.  
SIR,  
YOU have so many years together pursued me with your Favour and Bounty, that I ought to have been always upon the Watch for an opportunity of Publishing my Gratitude. Your late great obligation in giving me the advantage of your Comedy, called Bellamira, or the Mistress, has given me a fresh subject for my Thanks; and my Publishing this Translasion affords me a new opportunity of owning to the World my grateful resentments to you. I am heartily glad that your Comedy (as I never doubted) found such success, that I never met with any Man of Sense but applauded it: And that there is abundance of Wit in it, your Enemies have been forced to confess. For some you have, though I cannot but wonder why you should have any, who are so careful in all your Actions, that you never injure any Gentleman: and so void of Scurrility in all your Conversation, that I never heard you speak ill of one behind his back: a vice too often practised among our English Gentry. But there will be always Enemies to Wit and Common Sense, who for that reason cannot be Friends to you For the Judgement of some Ladies upon it that it is obscene, I must needs say they are Ladies of a very quick apprehension, and did not their thoughts lie very much that way, they could not find more obscenity in that than there is in every other Comedy. These Nymphs though they are so over nice in words, may perhaps, be frank enough in their actions. And I have have known the time when they would have been more favourable to you. The great favour you did me, in giving me this Play, with all the rest of your obligations to me, as I will never forget, so I shall be always proud of an occasion to boast of so good a Patron; who uses me not as some Supercilious Men would (who do good merely out of Vanity) as a troublesome hanger on: But treats me with the civility and kindness of a Friend. And I have had the honour to have always found as much of both from him, as if I had obliged him in receiving, as much as he me in conferring his benefits.  
It is honour enough for me, that I have from my Youth Lived in yours, and, as you know, in the favour of the wittiest men of England, your familiar friends and acquaintance, who have encouraged my Writings; and suffered my Conversation. I mean not any of the professed Poets; for I take none of them to be of that Rank, and most of'em God knows are far enough from it. But it has happened in our time, that some few men of Quality have been much the greatest wits of the age, nor do I think England ever produced so great in any age, the loss of two of which, the Earl of Rochester, and the Duke of Buckingham, we who had the honour to be acquainted with them can never bewail enough.  
After all this I must think I hope without vanity, that the Author of Mack-Fleckno reflects more upon himself than me; where he makes Fleckno commend Dulness, and choose me for the Dullest that ever writ; and repeats dull, dull, etc. over and over: indeed he gives his own dullness a civiller term, and calls it being Saturnine. But sure he goes a little too far in calling me the Dullest, and has no more reason for that, than for giving me the Irish name of Mack, when he knows I never saw Ireland till I was three and twenty years old, and was there but four Months  
Besides as I have heard you observe the foundation of that Libel is false and unnatural; for though some may have mistaken dulness for wit, and commended it as such; yet no man ever commended Dullness as dulness.  
Had he stayed till he had supplied the Stage with more new humour than I have done, or till he had written a better Comedy than Epsom Wells, or the Virtuoso (neither of which by the way are taken from a Novel, or stolen from a Romance) he might with a better Grace, and more Authority have pronounced me dull. But he is not content with that, but has another fling at me for playlng upon the Lute. I must confess that that and all other Gentlemanlike Exercises, which I was capable of Learning, my Father was at the charge of, and let the Libeler make his best of it.  
I hope Sir you will not think me guilty of Arrogance in my own Vindication, especially since there have been such strong endeavours to depress me, and by those who had least reason to do it  
It is hard to believe that the supposed Author of Mack-Fleckno is the real one, because when I taxed him with it, he denied it with all the Execrations he could think of. However my Dullness admits of an excuse, because I endeavour to avoid it all I can. But had I been base or dishonest, I could have made none, yet if he pleases to let my Reputation alone, I shall not envy him the Fame he has.  
And now Sir 'tis time to give you an account why I publish this Translation. I have I must confess ever looked upon Translating as a difficult, and irksome piece of Drudgery, and below any man who had a genius of his own, and have been as much averse to it as I should be to the making of a Dictionary: For though both of 'em are works of public benefit, yet they are unpleasant all the while.  
I was provoked to this first by the supposed Author of Mack-Fleckno, who says in another Pamphlet; that to his knowledge, I understand neither Greek nor Latin, though in Bury School in Suffolk, and Cajus College in Cambridge, the places of my Youthful Education, I had not that reputation, and let me tell him he knows the contrary.  
And Secondly by another Writer, who (without any provocation whatsoever, I having seen him but once in my Life, when he was pleased to thank me for a civility I did him.) abused me after that in Print, where he says Bavius and Maevius ought to have been reserved by Fate to be Translated by me and Settle. I will not compare myself with him, but I leave it to him to consider, whether Settle has not outdone all that he has yet produced in Poetry. It was at best an ungentile thing in his friend, who suffered those Verses to be prefixed to his Book, since I had never given him the least offence, or so much as seen him.  
But to trouble you Sir with no more Digressions of this kind, I have endeavoured in this Translation to come as near the words and thoughts of my Author, as my skill in both Languages could enable me. I have omitted no part of his Sense, nor have I varied from it, nor added to it, but in some few places where it was necessary to a mere English Reader, for explanation. I will not say as a Cock Translator does of Lucretius and Virgil, that he has added nothing but what he is confident the Authors would themselves were they now Living, by which arrogant saying he would insinuate that his Genius is much like theirs, or equal with them.  
I have not endeavoured to make it an English Poem, nor to fit it to our Customs and Manners, but to retain the Roman ones, and as much as ever I could to preserve the Spirit of the Author; and to that end have made it as much a Translation as I could. For I have observed in all Paraphrases upon the Greek and Roman Authors of the first Rank, the Strength and Spirit of thom is deadened, and in some quite lost.  
At best the thoughts of those Paraphrastical Writers, mixing with those of such noble Authors, look like patches of homely woollen upon the richest Silk. Because the modern ages have produced no Genius like theirs; the imaginations must be very different and unequal; and methinks such Poems go down like Wine of two tastes. Some by Paraphrasing do nothing but beat out the Sense thinner, as Gold-Beaters do Gold.  
In keeping close to my Author, I am forced to make my Periods sometimes in the middle of Lines; contrary to the late English practice: and I have always chosen rather to make a rough Verse, than to lose the Sense of Juvenal. Tho I must needs say, I do not think great smoothness is required in a satire, which ought to have a severe kind of roughness as most fit for reprehension, and not that gentle smoothness which is necessary to insinuation.  
I have added some Notes or Illustrations upon the satire, some being necessary to all who are not conversant with the Author, though otherwise good Scholars: And for the sake of those who are not such, I have added more. So that (as it was my chief end) I hope I have made the Original clearly to be understood by any one who is the least a Grammarian And, if I find this Essay to be favourably received, I will go on with the rest of the Author, in which I have already made some progress. Though I can only do it by way of diversion, I having more material business upon my hands at this time.  
My friend Mr. Higden has made an ingenious version of this satire, but in other Numbers, and a different way, so that we shall not interfere one upon another.  
I shall say nothing of the Author or his Life, till my translation grows into a larger Volume. For the Dry Critiiks who object that he is too severe and bitter, and that his Satyrs are more fit for Declamations than Poems, I think them not worth the answering. I have chosen this satire to give the Reader as a Sample; it being one of the wisest, and noblest in the Book; wherein any man may perceive the difference between the Wisdom and Dignity of true Roman satire, and the Levity and baseness of false English Libels. But Sir I ask your pardon for troubling you so long, and now shall only assure you that I am proud of any opportunity of Publishing to the World that I am,  
Sir, Your most obliged humble Servant. THO. SHADWELL.  
Postscript.  
I have prefixed before my Translation of this satire, a version of that famous Answer of Cato to Labienus, who would have him consult the Oracle of Jupiter Ammon in the Lybian Deserts.  

Cato to Labienus, Lucan. Lib. 9  
FUll of the God (within his silent Breast)  
Words worthy of the Oracle he expressed.  
What Labienus would ye inquire if I▪  
As a free Roman, had not rather die  
Bravely in Arms, than stoop to 
* Monarchy from the time of the Tarquins, was become odious to Romans, and Cato was the most obstinate of all the Republicans.  Monarchy?  
If we in Life can any value see?  
Or whether long or short much different be,  
If any violence can depress the brave?  
Or Fortune's threats force against Virtue have.  
Are great attempts by not succeeding less?  
Does a brave act grow braver by success?  
We of these truths such full conviction find,  
Heaven cannot fix them deeper in the mind.  
We all on God, as parts of him depend;  
There does the mighty chain begin and end.  
Were Temples silent, the Almighty will,  
Spite of ourselves, we cannot but fulfil.  
Heaven needs no voice, to tell us what to do,  
At first it plants in man all he shoved ever know.  
Nor could a God so narrowly provide  
For human kind, in these parched Sands to hide  
Truth for a few, to all the rest denied.  
Where can you think the Seat of God to find,  
But in Earth, Sea, or Air, Heaven, or a Virtuous mind?  
Why should we seek him farther then? for he  
Is wheresoever you move, and whatsoever you see.  
Let doubtful men their Fortune Tellers try,  
And Anxious into future chances Pry  
No Oracle can e'er my doubt secure  
But certain Death; that does my mind assure.  
Impartial Death that strikes alike at all,  
As well the Coward as the Brave must fall.   

Cato ad Labienum, Lucan. lib. 9  
Ille Deo plenus tacita quem ment gerebat  
Effudit dignas aditis è pectore voces  
Quid Quaeri Labiene jubes? an liber in Armis  
Occubuisse velim potius quam Regna videre?  
An sit vita nihil? sed longa an differat Aetas?  
An noceat vis ulla bonis? Fortunaque perdat  
Opposita Virtute minas? laudandaque Velle  
Sit satis? & nunquam successu Crescat honestum?  
Scimus: & hoc nobis non altius inserit Ammon  
Haeremus cuncti superis: Temploque tacente  
Nil facimus non sponte Dei; nec vocibus ullis  
Numen eget: Dixitque semel nascentibus Author  
Quicquid scire Licet. Steriles nec Legit Arenas  
Vt caneret paucis mersitque hoc pulvere Verum.  
Estne Dei sedes nisi Terra & Pontus & Aer?  
Et Caelum & Virtus? superos quid quaerimus ultra?  
Jupiter est quodcunque vides quocunque moveris  
Sortilegis egeant dubii, semperque futuris  
Casibus ancipites. Me non oracula certum  
Sed Mors certa facit, Pavido fortique Cadendum est.    

JWENAL satire X.  
IN all the Earth, between the wide extremes  
Of (1) Gades West, and Eastern (2) Ganges Streams  
Free from a Cloud of Error few have skill  
To know what's truly good for 'em, or ill,  
With Reason what do we desire or fear?  
(3) What do you aim at (be it ne'er so dear)  
Or luckily begun) but when 'tis gained,  
You soon repent you of your wish obtained?  
What Families the (4) easy Gods o'erthrow,  
Granting those Prayers they make themselves t' undo!  
For harmful Offices we blindly pray  
In Peace, as well as War, not seldom they,  
Who flow with purest streams of Eloquence,  
Show those rich Torrents at their lives expense:  
(5) Milo confiding in the wondrous strength  
Of Brawny arms, perished by that at length.  
But most by Wealth (raked up with anxious care  
Exceeding usual Patrimonies far  
As (6) British Whales do Dolphins) ruin'd are  
In Nero's bloody times, Troops of armed bands  
Begirt (7) Longimus House, at his commands,  
And, in his Princely Gardens, did enclose  
The too rich (8) Seneca, and Besieged the house  
Of (9) Lateranus; but they ne'er infest  
The (10) Garret, or the poor man's Room molest.  
Though Journeying you but little Silver bear  
By Night, a Sword, or (11) Quarter staff you fear;  
And a Reeds motion in a Moonlight Night  
Shall make you quake and tremble with the fright.  
While the poor man void of all precious things  
In Company with Thiefs joggs on and Sings.  
Almost the first, and most known (12) vows are these  
In all the Temples, may our Wealth increase;  
Our Treasure swell, and may our Chest alone  
Be for its lageness in the (13) Forum known.  
No Poison is in Earthen (14) Vessels brought  
In Gold adorned with (15) Gems beware each draught  
When in wide bowls there (16) sparkles (17) Setine Wine,  
How do you then approve his wise Design,  
(18) Who with continual scorn did Laughter vent?  
When 'ere one step beyond his Doors he went?  
O'th' contrary, (19) Another still did wail,  
To laugh at silly things we cannot fail.  
But what prodigious Fountain could supply,  
For each occasion, moisture to his eye?  
Perpetual Laughter did the Lungs excite,  
Of Wise Democritus the Abderite;  
Yet no (20) Praetexta, nor no (21) Trabeae there,  
No (22) Litters, (23) Fasces, nor (24) Tribunals were:  
Had he within the dusty (25) Circus been  
And our vain (26) Praetor, with exalted mien  
(27) Standing within his lofty Chariot seen:  
In (28) Jove's embroidered Coat, and Tyrian Gown,  
Hung with a Mantle from his Shoulders down,  
Large as a Piece of Tapestry with a Crown;  
An orb too large for one neck to sustain,  
His (29) public servant, with much sweat and pain,  
Behind him does those weighty Ensigns bear,  
And in that very Chariot must appear.  
Not pleased too much must the great Consul be,  
With him a slave to * check his Pride we see,  
Add th' (30) Pury Sceptre which the Praetor bears  
On which the Eagle upon wing appears;  
Here the loud Cornets march, and there before,  
Long Troops of (31) Clients, and of Slaves great store▪  
A train of (32) white robbed Citizens attends  
(33) The Chariot Wheels, which mercenary friends  
(34) The Sportula did make. How had his spleen  
Been exercised if he all this had seen?  
Who could in all Assemblies of Mankind  
(Then wiser much) just cause of Larghter find,  
His wondrous prudence plainly does declare  
A boggy soil, a dark and foggy Air  
The Gountrey full of Sheepsheads may give birth  
To greatest men, and best examples upon Earth.  
He laughed at Vulgar business, Vulgar cares,  
He both their joy derided, and their Tears.  
When threatening Fortune seemed on him to frown,  
Upon her power he could look bravely down;  
With scorn he pointed at her, and could say  
Be hanged, whilst every thing for which we pray,  
And fix with (35) Wax our vows upon the knees  
Of all the most propitious Deities,  
Is or superfluous, or pernicious known,  
Some from high power by envy headlong thrown,  
(36) Some by inscriptions filled with each degree  
Of all their Noble Titles, ruin'd be;  
Their Statues are with Halters (37) dragged about  
The Streets, as objects for the scoffing Rout.  
The (38) Chariot Wheels must feel the Axes stroke,  
And the poor innocent Horses Legs be broke.  
Now the Smiths Forges hiss, the Bellows play,  
And that same head so much adored to day,  
That head, red hot within the fire became,  
And great Sejanus crackled in the flame.  
Mechanics soon from that so Worshipped face  
Which bore in all the World the second place,  
Forge little Platters, and small water Cans  
With Basins, chamberpots, and Frying-pans.  
With (39) Laurel Garlands be our Houses Crowned;  
Make haste and let the large White Bull be found,  
And drawn to Capitolian Jove; for now  
Sejanus is become a public show:  
(41) Dragged by a Hook, fixed in his throat, and all  
The Vulgar shout at this great favourites fall.  
(42) Bless me what ugly blabber-lipps had he!  
A hanging look! and, if you'll credit me,  
This fellow I could never once abide.  
(43) Can you tell pray for what great crime he died?  
Who the Informer? who the Evidence?  
What Ouvert Act? what proof of his Offence?  
(44) None, none of these, but a long (45) Letter sent  
From (46) Capri, full of words and Eloquent.  
(47) 'Tis well, I shall inquire no more: (48) what now  
Does all the crowd of Roman People do?  
It always follows Fortune, and does hate  
All who are wretched, and condemned by Fate.  
Her (49) Tuscans cause had Goddess Nurscia blest,  
And the secure old Emperor been oppressed,  
Sejanus it had called this very hour,  
Augustus, and saluted Emperor.  
Romans, since they no (50) suffrages could boast  
Supinely careless, all great thoughts have lost.  
Who Fasces Legions Empire all things gave,  
But two poor things solicitously crave,  
That they may (51) bread, and Games' th' Circus have:  
(52) Yet many more there are condemned I hear.  
No doubt. (53) the Emperor's rage does hot appear.  
I met Brutidius pale and wan with fear,  
At Mars his Altar, looking as (54) he'd kill  
Himself, like Ajax, when his cause succeeded ill.  
Le's run with speed while yet the Carcase lies  
Upon the bank under the Gemonieses,  
That we may spurn at Caesar's Enemy.  
Call all our Slaves, and let' am all stand by,  
Lest any of them should the fact deny.  
And therefore should their trembling Masters draw  
Bound by their necks, to trial of the Law.  
Thus 'bout Sejanus they their thoughts declare,  
And thus the Vulgars' secret murmurs are  
Now would you have Sejanus wealth and power,  
And be saluted as he was before?  
Give this i'th' State, the Chief Authority;  
To this' i'th' Army highest Dignity:  
Or would you Guardian of an Emperor reckoned be?  
Who lulls himself in (56) narrow Capreae's Grots  
With his lewd herd of Astrologick Sots?  
Should you desire to lead a mighty Band  
Of Foot and Horse, and the (57) Praetorian Camp command;  
I grant that those may wish the power to kill,  
Who are too merciful to have the will.  
But what can prosperous Dignity avail,  
When th' ill outwei'ghs the good in every Scale?  
Would you his noble Purple Garment wear,  
Who to the Gemonieses is dragged, or bear  
In some small City small Authority?  
In homely woollen Robes some (58) Aedile be,  
And sit in Judgement over measures there,  
Breaking those Vessels which too small appear?  
You will confess Sejanus knew not then  
What things were fit to be desired by men.  
Who too great wealth or honours do acquire,  
But raise their towers so many Stories higher,  
T' increase their fall, and make their ruin worse;  
Which from the dreadful precipice has greater force.  
What Crassus or Great Pompey overthrew,  
Or (60) him who Rome did to his lash subdue?  
Chief Power by all vile artifices gained,  
And vows from the maligning Gods obtained.  
Most Kings to Death by Blood and Slaughter go,  
And a dry Death few Tyrants ever know.  
The rawest Boy who scarce has conned one Rule,  
His little Slave bearing his Books to School,  
During the space of those (61) five solemn days.  
When are Minerva's rites performed still prays  
He may the Fame, and Eloquence possess  
Of Powerful Tully and Demosthenes.  
When deadly was their Wits oreflowing spring,  
And (62) Death to both their Eloquence did bring.  
For Wit those hands nailed to the (63) Rostra were  
That head cut off too, but the Rostra ne'er  
Did silly Lawyer with his Blood besmear.  
(64) Oh Rome innate most fortunate in me,  
When I thy Consul did consult for thee  
Had he spoke always thus; he safely might  
Antonius rage, and bloody Cutthroats slight.  
Of silly Verses I had rather be  
Author, Divine (65) Philippick than of thee.  
The second of Illustrious Fame 'gainst Antony.  
So was th' admired Athenian snatched away  
By sudden death, whose Eloquence could sway  
Which way he pleased, and make whole (66) Theatres obey.  
Unhappy in his geniture, by th' hate  
Oth' angry Gods, and his own evil Fats.  
(67) Th' old Man by Fumes of red hot Metals made  
Blear-eyed removed, his Son from his own Trade,  
From making Swords, the Anvil, Tongues and Coals,  
From Smoky Forges, sooty Vulcan's Tools  
To the most Fatal Rhetoricians Schools.  
On (68) Trophies fixed the Spoils by Battle won,  
An Helmet cleft, the Beaver hanging down,  
A Coat of Mail, a broken Axletree;  
A Galleys Flag obtained by Victory.  
On a (69) Triumphant Arches utmost height,  
A Captive with a look disconsolate,  
Then all our Humane Goods some value mote.  
The Roman Grecian (70) Barbarous Emperor  
Fiercely aspire at these, and from these Spoils,  
Arise their several Dangers and their Toils:  
Virtue's less thirsted for than Fame, for who,  
Her, for herself, Rewardless will pursue?  
Our Country yet by some, in Ancient days,  
Has ruined been for Glory; for vain Praise;  
And swelling Titles, which they had imposed  
On Stones, in which their Ashes were enclosed.  
Those Monuments of Stone were yet so weak,  
Them the (71) wild Figtree could in pieces break.  
The proudest Tombs have but a certain Date,  
And Sepulchers themselves must yield to Fate.  
Go weigh your Hannibal, how many pound  
At length is of your mighty General found?  
Yet afric could not his Ambition bond  
Whose Western Shores th' Atlantic Ocean beats:  
And Eastward stretches out to (73) Nilu's Heats.  
To (74) Aethiopian Inhabitants,  
And to a different kind of Elephants:  
Spain must be joined; the (75) Pyrenaeans now  
Be passed; Nature opposes th' (76) Alps and Snow.  
Rocks he divided, and the Mountains he  
With (77) Vinegar broke, making his passage free;  
And takes possession then of Italy.  
Yet after all, says he; still pressing on,  
My Carthaginian Troops have nothing done,  
Till we the Gates of Rome have overthrown,  
And fixed our Banners in th' Heart of all the Town.  
Rare Visage, what a Picture 'twould appear,  
When the (70) Getulian B●ast does th' one Eyed General bear!  
Oh Glory! what of all was the event?  
Conquered he headlong run to Banishment.  
The great and wondrous Captive in's Retreat,  
Is a poor (78) Client at a Judgement Seat:  
Meanly he waits his sad Address to make  
Till the (79) Bythinian Tyrant please to wake;  
His Turbulent Life (which such Confusion hurled  
With Swords, Stones, Darts into the shaken world)  
By none of these could perish no one thing,  
Vengeance for all the Blood he spilt, could bring,  
Or Revenge (80) Cannae, but a little Ring.  
Run o'er the rugged Alps, thou hot-braind Fool!  
To be declaimed on, and please Boys at School.  
(81) Philip's fierce Son, one World too little found,  
And Frets, and Fumes poor Wretch! within the narrow  
As if in Rocky (82) Gyarae he were penned,  
Or small (83) Seriphus. Yet he was content  
With a small Coffin, when to (84) Babylon he went  
Death the plain-dealer does alone declare  
How very little Great men's Bodies are.  
(85) Athos 'twas thought was Sailed about of old,  
And men believed all tales which lying Greece e'er told.  
That all the (86) Hellespont from shore to shore  
Was paved with Ships and Charriot-Wheles run o'er.  
While (87) Xerxes dined th' innumerable fry  
Of this Great host, would drink deep Rivers dry,  
As (88) Sostratus in's Cups was wont to lie.  
When (89) Salamis he left, what fate's behind  
For him who used to rage and (90) whip the wind?  
Barbarian! what lash (91) Corus Eurus too?  
Worse than even (92) Aeolus would in their Prisons do:  
He did in Chains (93) Earth-shaking Neptune bind,  
And 'twas his mercy he had not designed  
To (94) Stigmatize him like a Slave: what God  
Would not desire to be at such a Hero's nod?  
But how returned he? slowly in one Boat  
Through shoals of bodies, which did round him float  
In b●oody Waves. These are oftimes the pains  
Immoderate desire of glory gains:  
Jove grant large space of life, and length of days  
With Confidence and vehemence one prays.  
ne'er thinking what continual griefs attend,  
And under what great ills old age does bend.  
A Face deformed, of horrid colour grown,  
Unlike himself, his flabby cheeks hang down.  
' Stead of a Skin he has an ugly hide,  
Withered and rough with wrinkles deep and wide,  
Such as in shady Woods of (95) Tabraca,  
On riuled Cheeks, old Mother Ape does claw:  
In youth there many great distinctions are  
One is more strong, the other is more fair.  
But in all old men's Faces there's no choice,  
Limbs paralytic, trembling is the voice,  
With a bald pate, and with a nasty nose.  
That's ever dropping as an Infants does,  
He mumbles bread between his toothless Gums.  
Irksome to's Wife, and Children he becomes.  
He's even by Cossa loathed, that abject Knave,  
That fawns and waits a Legacy to have.  
Nor Wine nor Meat delight as in time past,  
His Palate 's now benumbed h'as lost his taste,  
'Tis long, long, since a Woman he Embraced.  
A long forgetfulness has seized the part  
Beyond the Cure of any Pains or Art  
Tho' all the Night he dallies, 'tis in vain,  
It still does a poor Chiterlin remain.  
What pleasure can the weak Old Doting Fool,  
Expect from that infirm and Aged Tool?  
Where Lust remains without Ability,  
Men must suspect unnatural Lechery  
Consider now another Sense declined,  
In choicest Songs no pleasure he can find,  
Sung by Seleucus, or the best o'th' kind,  
Who all Embroidered on the Stage appear  
Where e'er he sits, the Songs he cannot hear,  
Cornets nor Trumpets, be he ne'er;  
His Boy must hollow what's a Clock in's Ear.  
In his Cold Corpse, what little Blood Remains,  
Without a Fever, ne'er is warm in's Veins:  
In him what Troops of Maladies abound!  
And in his feeble Carcase dance their round!  
More than Adultrer's Hippia e'er enjoyed,  
Or then sick Men by (97) Themison destroyed  
In a whole Autumn, or the (98) Associates  
Plundered by (99) Basilus, or the Estates.  
(100) Irus from all his Wards got by foul play,  
More than the Cullies in a Summer's day,  
(1) Maura e'er drained; and more than of his Boys,  
(2) Hamillus the lewd Pedagogue enjoys.  
And more than of his Villas now are seen,  
(3) Who snapped his Fingers at my youthful Chin:  
This Old Man's Shoulders, th' others reins, his Thighs  
Disabled are, this has lost both his Eyes.  
And envies him to whom one Eye is left,  
To this Man of the use of hands bereft,  
Through his pale Lips, his Meat must others give.  
He gapes while others fingers him relieve.  
Yawn's like young Swallows (Meat being in their Eyes.)  
To whom, with her full Mouth the hungry Mother flies.  
But loss of Sense and Memory is more  
Grievous, than all his loss of Limbs before  
Even his own Servants Names he does forget,  
And his Friend's Face, with whom last Night he Eat.  
Those he forgets whom he begot and Bred:  
For by his cruel will, they're disinherited.  
Which does his Wealth on (4) Phiale entail,  
So does the subtle Strumpet's Mouth prevail,  
Who was so stale a prostituted Whore,  
That many Years she stood in the Stews Door:  
Suppose his Sense of mind when Old entire,  
He must behold his children's (5) Funerael Fire.  
His Loved Wives Pile, Brothers and Sisters Urns,  
And often for his numerous Kindred Mourns,  
Who are by Death's repeated Blow destroyed,  
With such like pains the long-lived Man's annoyed.  
His Aged Heart with daily sorrow Bleeds,  
And he grows Old still in fresh Mourning Weeds.  
The (6) Pyllan King (if Homer you'll allow)  
For length of Life was reckoned next the Crow.  
Happy so many Ages to withstand,  
Death's Blow, counting his Years on his Right-Hand;  
And had so many Autumns drunk New Wine,  
But how did he at Fates Decrees repine?  
And on his too long thread of Life exclaim?  
When he beheld within the Funeral flame  
The fierce Antilochus his bearded Son?  
To all his Friends long life he did bemoan,  
And asked them all for what vile horrid crime  
He had deserved to live till that unhappy time?  
Thus Peleus mourned for his Achilles lost,  
For (8.) Ithacus Ten years on th' Ocean tossed  
Laertes thus complained. While flourishing Troy  
Yet unattempted, did full peace enjoy,  
Old (9) Priam might amidst those happy hours  
Have gone to th' shades of his high Ancestors.  
(10.) Hector with all his Brothers had the while  
Their Father's Corpse born to the Funeral Pile.  
(11.) Cassandra had the weeping Matrons led,  
And fair (12.) Polyxena her tears had shed,  
And rend her Garments, for her Father dead.  
If he had died another time, ere yet  
(13.) Paris had rigged out his adventurous Fleet.  
What did old Age avail him who saw all  
O'erturned? By Fire and Sword saw Asia fall?  
Th' old Soldier then his Regal Crown laid by,  
And his forgotten Arms again did try;  
And shaking, to (14.) Jove's Altar ran, even so  
Th' old (15.) Ox despised by the ungrateful Blow,  
T' his Master's Knife his wretched neck does bow.  
His was a human death, the Wife he left  
Behind him of humanity bereft,  
Was to a (14.) Bitch transformed most fierce and foul,  
And with wide open Jaws did bark and howl.  
To come to Romans now, and to let go  
The (15.) King of Pontus and rich (16.) Croesus' too.  
Whom the Oraculous Solon did direct  
That he should on his latter end reflect.  
That Banished Marius to Minturnae, fled,  
Hid in those Fens, torn thence, to Prison led,  
At length in conquered Carthage begged his Bread.  
Came from long life: For what more happy 'ere  
Did Rome or Nature on the Earth yet bear?  
When him vast Troops of Captives did surround,  
And all the Pomps of War his Triumph Crowned?  
If at that time his glorious Life had ended  
When from the Teuton's Chariot he descended,  
On Pompey kind Campania bestows  
Fevers were to be wished; but public Vows,  
And Prayers of many Cities did o'ercome,  
And Pompey's Fortune joined with that of Rome  
Saved him to (19) lose his Head. Such Butchery  
Fate did to bloody (20.) Lentulus deny.  
Even Traitorous (21.) Cethegus fell entire  
And (21.) Catiline with a whole Carcase did expire.  
(23.) The anxious Mother begs at Venus' Fane  
That she may beauty for her Boys obtain  
In gentle murmurs: But her voice does raise  
When for the beauty of her Girls she prays;  
This is her most delightful prayer: quoth she,  
Why do you blame what's piety in me?  
(24.) Diana's beauty does Latona bless.  
(25.) But such a face as (26.) Lucrece did possess  
You should not pray for, warned by her distress:  
Her shape and form, the fair (27.) Virginia  
Should wish to change with Hunch-backed (28.) Rutila:  
A handsome proper Son does always make  
His anxious Parents tremble for his sake.  
For Beauty rarely agrees with Modesty  
Tho' your plain House void of all luxury  
Infuses nought but virtuous manners, there,  
And imitates what ancient (29.) Sabines were.  
Suppose kind Nature of her bounteous Grace  
chaste inclinations in the mind does place,  
And modest blood oft rises in the face,  
(How could she better for a Youth provide?  
No care, no Guardian can so watch or guide  
As Nature). Yet scarce can they Men remain;  
The (30.) Impudent Corrupter dares with gain  
To tempt the Parents, by his lavish hand,  
And thinks that nothing can his bribes withstand:  
No Tyrant Boys deformed e'er gelded yet.  
No Noble Youth with Bandy-leggs was fit  
For Nero's lust, nor (31.) Sporus would he make  
Of one with out-bow'd-breast, or Bunch in's back:  
Go and rejoice at your Son's beauty now;  
Who yet must greater dangers undergo.  
A common lewd adulterer he'll become;  
From injured Husbands rage fearing what doom  
They please to execute. Nor happier yet  
Than Planet (32.) Mars; always to scape the Net.  
Their rage will yet more punishments impose,  
Than to their rage yet any Law allows.  
Some by the Sword, to Death th' Adulterers put  
With bloody stripes, their tender Flesh some cut,  
(33.) By some a Mullets rammed into the gut.  
But your (33) Endymion your lovely Youth,  
By beauteous Matrons must be loved forsooth;  
Yet when deformed (35.) Servilia please to pay,  
Tho her he hates, he will her lust obey,  
Who'll give her clothes and Jewels all away.  
For what he wastes, at any rate she'll buy,  
And for this sport she nothing can deny.  
Even (36.) Hippia, or (37.) Catulla, or who e'er,  
Or stingy, or cross- humoured did appear,  
Shows all her breeding and good nature here.  
(38.) But to the chaste what harm can beauty do?  
(39) Yes, what availed (40.) Hippolytus his Vow?  
And chaste (41.) Bellerophon's resolution too?  
When Stenobaea's desperate shame; and spite  
For being despised her fury did excite,  
Equal with Phaedra, they to rage most fell  
Provoked themselves. A Woman's wrath does swell  
Beyond all rule and to the utmost height,  
When ere confounding shame adds spurs to hate.  
What would you do if you were in his case?  
The (42.) best and fairest of Patrician Race  
Is destined by the lust of Caesar's Wife  
To Marry her: to certain loss of Life.  
He is by (43.) Messalina's love ensnared.  
She with her wedding Garment sits prepared;  
The Bed is publicly i'th' Gardens made,  
And as of ancient rite the Noble portion's paid.  
The (44.) Auspex present, and the (45.) Notaries;  
None but a lawful Marriage will suffice.  
(46.) D'ye think this secret trusted to a few?  
Declare your Judgement now, What will you do?  
If you refuse the sin, you die that day,  
And gain but little time if you obey.  
Till the News blazed about the Streets of Rome  
Happens at length to th' Emp'rors' Ears to come;  
For he last hears his Family's disgrace.  
Obey her, if you hold a few days space  
Of Life so dear. What e'er you shall think fit,  
You your (49.) fair Neck must to the Sword submit.  
Shall man then pray for nought? If you advise  
With me; To th' all disposing Deities  
The care of us, and our affairs submit,  
And for what's pleasant, they'll bestow what's fit.  
To Heaven man's dearer than t' himself we find,  
We often by a strong impulse of mind,  
Swayed by blind lust, would be in Marriage joined,  
Then pray for Children: But the Gods foresee  
What Children they, and what a Wife she'll be.  
Yet—  
That you may ask, and offer at some Shrine  
Or Holy place, your (48.) Sausages Divine,  
And the choice entrails of a pure white Swine.  
Pray for a healthful body, a sound mind  
That's never to the fear of Death inclined,  
Which bravely can all toil and pain surmount,  
And Death amongst Nature's benefits account.  
Which knows no wrath, covets not any thing  
Which can despise the soft (49.) Assyrian King,  
And e'er his love, feasts, luxury and ease,  
Will the hard labours choose, and griefs of Hercules.  
I show you what you to yourself may give,  
Through Virtue's path to quiet live w' arrive.  
(50.) Fortune thou art no Goddess to the Wise,  
Fools make thee so, and seat thee in the Skies.  
Finis satire 10.   

JUVENAL satire X.  

OMnibus in Terris quoe sunt a Gadibus usque  
Aurorem, & Gangem pauci dignoscere possunt  
Vera bona, atque illis multum diversa, remotâ  
Erroris nebulâ. Quid enim ratione timemus,  
Aut cupimus? Quid tam dextro pede con●ipis, ut te  
Conatus non poeniteat votique peracti?  
Evertêre domos totas optantibus ipsis  
Dii faciles, nocitura togâ, nocitura petuntur  
Militia, Torrens dicendi copia multis  
Et sua mortifera est facundia. Viribus ille  
Confisus periit admirandisque Lacertis.   

Sed plures nimia congesta pecunia curâ  
Strangulat, & cuncta extuperans patrimonia census,  
Quanto Delphinis Balaena Britannica major.   

Temporibus diris igitur jussuque Neronis  
Longinum, & magnos Senecae Praedivitis hortos  
Clausit, & egregios Lateranorum obsidit Aedes  
Tota Cohors: rarus venit in Caenacula Miles.  
Pauca licet portes argenti vascula puri  
Noste iter ingressus, gladium Contumque timebis,  
Et motae ad Lunam trepidabis arundinis umbram,  
Cantabit vacuus coram Latrone Viator.   

Prima fere vota, & cunctis notissima Templis  
Divitiae ut crescant, ut opes, & maxima toto  
Nostra sit Arca Foro.  
— sed nulla aconita bibuntur  
Fictilibus: tunc illa time, cum pocula sumes  
Gemmata, & lato Setinum ardebit in auro.  
Jamne igitur laudas, quod de sapientibus alter  
Ridebat, quoties de limine moverat unum  
Protuleratque pedem: flebat contrarius alter?  
Sed facilis cuivis rigidi censura cachinni:  
Mirandum est, unde ille oculis suffecerit humor.  
Perpetuo risu pulmonem agitare solebat  
Democritus, quanquam non essent urbibus illis  
Praetexta & Trabeae, Fasces, Lectica, Tribunal.  
Quid sic vidisset Praetorem curribus altis  
Exstantem, & medio sublimem in pulvere Circi  
In tunicâ Jovis & pictae Sarrana ferentem  
Ex humeris Aulaea togae, magnaeque coronae  
Tantum orbem, quanto cervix non sufficit ulla?  
Quippe tenet sudans hunc publicus, & sibi Consul  
Ne placeat, curru servus portatur codem.  
Da nunc & volucrem, sceptro quae surgit eburno,  
Illinc cornicines, hinc praecedentia longi  
Agminis officia & niveos ad fraena Quirites,  
Defossa in loculis, quos sportula fecit amicos  
Tum quoque materiam risus invenit ad omnes  
Occursus hominum, cujus prudentia monstrat  
Summos posse viros, & magna exempla d●t●ros  
Vervecum in patria crassoque sub aere nasci.  
Ridebat curas necnon & gaudia vulgi:  
Interdum & lacrymas, cum fortunae ipse minaci  
Mandaret laqueum; mediumq, ostenderet unguem.  
Ergo supervacua aut pernitiosa petuntur,  
Propter quae fas est genua incerare Deorum.  
Quosdam proecipitat subjecta potentia magnae  
Invidiae, mergit longa atque insignis honorum  
Pagina, descendunt Statuae restemque sequuntur.  
Ipsas deinde rotas bigarum impacta securis  
Caedit, & immeritis franguntur crura caballis.  
Jam st●ident ignes, jam follibus atque caminis  
Ardet adoratum populo caput, & crepat ingens  
Sejanus: deinde ex facie toto orbe secunda  
Fiunt urceoli, pelves, sartago, patellae.  
Pone domi lauros, duo in Capitolia magnum,  
Cretatumque bovem: Sejanus ducitur unco  
Spectandus: gaudent omnes.  
— quae labra? quis illi  
Vultus erat? nunquam, si quid mihi credis, amavi  
Hunc hominem: sed quo cecidit sub crimine; quisnam  
Delator? quibus indicibus, quo teste probavit?  
Nil horum: verbosa & grandis Epistola venit  
A Capreis: bene habet, nil plus interrogo, sed quid  
Turba Remi? sequitnr fortunam, ut semper, & odit  
Damnatos, idem Populus, si Nurscia Tusco  
Favisset, si oppressa foret secura senectus  
Principis, hac ipsa Sejanum diceret hora  
Augustum. Jam pridem, ex quo suffragia nulli  
Vendimus, effudit curas; nam qui dabat olim  
Imperium, Fasces, Legiones, omnia, nunc se  
Continet, atque duas tantum res anxius optat  
Panem & Circenses. Perituros audio multos.  
Nil Dubium: magna est fornacula: Pallidulus mî  
Brutidius meus ad Martis fuit obvius aram.  
Quam timeo, victus ne poenas exigat Ajax,  
Vt male defensus. Curramus praecipites &  
Dum jacet in ripa, calcemus Caesaris hostem.  
Sed videant serut, ne quis neget, & pavidum in jus  
Cervice obstricta Dominum trahat.—  
— hi Sermones.  
Tunc de Sejano, secreta haec murmura Vulgi.  
Visne salutari sicut Sejanus? habere  
Tantundem? atque illi summas donare curules?  
Illum exercitibus praeponere? Tutor haberi  
Principis Angusta Caprearum in rupe sedentis  
Cum grege Chaldaeo? vis certe pila, cohortes  
Egregios Equites, & castra domestica? quid ni  
Haec cupias? & qui nolunt occidere quenquam  
Posse volunt. Sed quae praeclara & prospera tanti  
Vt rebus laetis par sit mensura malorum?  
Hujus qui trahitur Praetextam sumere mavis:  
An Fidenarum Gabiorumque esse potestas?  
Et de mensura jus dicere, vasa minora  
Frangere, pannosus vacuis Aedilis Vlubris?  
Ergo quid optandum foret ignorasse fateris  
Sejanum; nam qui nimios optabat honores  
Et nimias poscebat opes: numerosa parabat  
Excelsae Turris tabulata: unde altior esset  
Casus & impulsae praeceps immane ruinae.  
Quid Crassos, quid Pompeios evertit? & illum  
Ad sua qui domitos deduxit flagra Quirites?  
Summus nempe locus nulla non arte petitus  
Magnaque Numinibus vota exaudita malignis.  
Ad generum Cereris sine caede & Sanguine pauci  
Descendunt Reges, & siccâ morte Tyranni.  
Eloquium aut famam Demosthenis aut Ciceronis  
Incipit optare & totis Quinquatribus optat,  
Quisquis adhuc uno partam colit asse Minervam,  
Quem sequitur Custos, angustae vernula capsae,  
Eloquio sed uterque perit Orator: utrumque  
Largus & exundans Letho dedit ingenii fons.  
Ingenio manus est, & cervix caesa, nec unquam  
Sanguine Causidici maduerunt Rostra pusilli.  
O Fortunatam natam me Consule Romam!  
Antoni gladies posuit contemnere si sic  
Omnia dixisset, ridenda poemata malo,  
Quam Te conspicuae, Divina Philippica famae  
Volueris a prima quae proxima. Saevus & illum  
Exitus eripuit, quem mirabantur Athenae  
Torrentem, & pleni moderantem fraena Theatri.  
Diis ille adversis genitus, fatoque sinistro,  
Quem Pater ardentis massae fuligine lippus  
A carbone & forcipibus gladiosque parante  
Incude, & luteo Vulcano ad Rhetora misit.  
Bellorum exuviae truncis affixa Tropaeis  
Lorica & fracta de casside buccula pendens.  
Et curtum temone jugum victaeque triremis  
Aplustre, & summo tristis Captivus in arcu,  
Humanis majora bonis creduntur: ad hoc se  
Romanus Graiusque ac Barbarus induperator  
Erexit: causas discriminis atque laboris  
Ind habuit. Tanto major Famae sitis est, quam  
Virtutis. Quis enim Virtutem amplectitur ipsam,  
Praemia si tollas? Patriam tamen obruit olim  
Gloria paucorum, & laudis titulique cupido  
Haesuri saxis cinerum Custodibus: ad quae  
Discutienda valent sterilis mala robora ficus:  
Quandoquidem data sunt ipsis quoque fata sepulchris.  
Expende Hannibalem: quot libras in Duce summo  
Invenies? hic est, quem non capit Africa Mauro  
Percussa Oceano Niloque admota tepenti.  
Rursus ad Aethiopium populos aliosque Elephantos  
Additur Imperiis Hispania: Pyrenaeum  
Transilit Opposuit natura Alpemque nivemque  
Diduxit scopulos & montem rupit aceto.  
Jam tenet Italiam, tamen ultra pergere tendit.  
Actum, inquit, nihil est, nisi Poeno milite portas  
Frangimus, & mediâ uêxillum pono suburrâ.  
O qualis facies & quali digna tabella  
Cum Getula Ducem portaret bellua luscum!  
Exitus ergo quis est? o gloria! vincitur idem  
Nempe & in exilium praeceps fugit, atque ibi magnus  
Mirandusque Cliens sedet ad Praetoria Regis,  
Donec Bithyno libeat vigilare Tyranno.  
Finem animae, quae res humanas miscuit olim  
Non gladii, non saxa dabant, nec tela sed ille  
Cannarum vindex & tanti sanguinis ultor  
Annulus. I demens & savas curre per Alps  
Vt pueris placeas & Declamatio fias.  
Vnus Pellaeo Juveni non sufficit orbis  
Aest vat infelix augusto limit mundi.  
Vt Gyarae clausus scopulis, parvaque Seripho.  
Cum tamen a figulis munitam intraverat Vrbem  
Sarcophago c●ntentus erit. Mors. sola fatetur  
Quantula sint hominum corpuscula, creditur olim  
Velificatus Athos, & quicquid Graecia mendax  
Audet in historia; constratum classibus iisdem  
Suppositumque rotis solidum mare. Credimus altos  
Defecisse amnes, epotaque flumina Medo  
Prandente, & madidis cantat quae Sostratus alis.  
Ille tamen qualis rediit Salamine relictâ,  
In Corum atque Eurum solitus saevire flagellis  
Barbarus, Aeolio nunquam hoc in carcere passos,  
Ipsum compedibus qui vinxer at Ennosigaeum?  
Mitius id saue quod non & stigmate diguum  
Credidit, huic quisquam vellet servire Deorum?  
Sed qualis rediit? nempe una nave crnentis  
Fluctibus, as tarda per densa cadavera prorâ.  
Has toties optata exegit gloria poenas.  
Da spatium vitae multos da Jupiter annos:  
Hoc recto vulta, solum hoc & pallidus optas.  
Sed quam continuis & quantis longa senectus  
Plena malis: deformem & tetrum ante omnia vultum  
Dissimilemque sui, deformem pro cute pellem,  
Pendentesque genas, & tales adspice rugas,  
Quales umbriferos ubi pandit Tabraca saltus  
In vetula scalpit jam mater simia bucca.  
Plurima sunt Juvenum discrimina, pulcrior ille  
Hoc, atque ille alio, multum hic robustior illo.  
una senum facies, cum voce trementia membra,  
Et jam laeve caput, madidique infantia nasi,  
Frangendus misero gingiva panis inermi.  
Vsque adeo gravis Vxori, gnatisque sibique  
Vt captatori moveat fastidia Cosso.  
Non eadem vini, atque cibi torpente palato  
Gaudia: nam coitus jam longa oblivio: vel si  
Coneris, jacet exiguus cum ramice nervus,  
Et, quamvis tota palpetur nocte, jacebit.  
Anne aliquid sperare potest haec inguinis agri  
Canities?  
— quid quod merito suspecta libido est,  
Quae Venerem adfectat sine viribus? adspice partis  
Nunc Damnum alterius. Nam quae cantante voluptas:  
Sit licet eximius Citharaedo sive Seleucus,  
Et quibus aurata mos est fulgere lacerna?  
Quid refert, magni sedeat qua parte Theatri,  
Qui vix cornicines exaudiet, atque tubarum  
Concentus? clamore opus est ut sentiat auris  
Quem dicat venisse puer, quot nunciet horas.  
Praeterea minimus gelido jam in corpore sanguis  
Febre calet solâ: circumsilit agmine facto  
Morborum omne genus; quorum si nomina quaeras,  
Promptius expediam quot amaverit Hippia maechos,  
Quot Themison aegros autumno occiderit uno,  
Quot Basilus socios, quot circumscripserit Irus  
Pupillos: quot longa viros exsorbeat uno  
Maura die, quot discipulos inclinet Hamillus.  
Percurram citius quot villas possideat nunc  
Quo tondente gravis juveni mihi barba sonabat.  
Ille humero, hic lumbis, hic coxa debilis, ambos  
Perdidit ille oculos, & Luscis invidet.  
— hujus  
Pallida labra cibum accipiunt digitis alienis.  
Ipse ad conspectum caenae diducere rictum  
Suetus, hiat tantum, ceu pullus hirundinis, ad quem  
Ore volat pleno mater jejuna. Sed omni  
Membrorum damno major dementia: quae nec  
Nomina servorum, nec vultum agnoscit Amici  
Cum quo praeterita caenavit nocte, nec illos  
Quos genuit, quos eduxit. Nam codice saevo  
Hoeredes vetat esse suos, bona tota feruntur  
Ad Phialen: tantum artificis valet halitus oris  
Quod steterat multis in carcere fornicis annis.  
Vt vigeant sensus animi, ducenda tamen sunt  
Funera gnatorum, rogus adspicendus amatae  
Conjugis, & fratris, plenaeque sororibus urnae.  
Haec data poena diu viventibus, ut renovata  
Semper clade domus multis in luctibus, inque  
Perpetuo maerore & nigra veste senescant.  
Rex Pylius, magno si quicquam credis Homero,  
Exemplum vitae fuit a cornice secundae.  
Felix nimirum, qui tot per secula mortem  
Distulit, atque suos jam dextra computat annos  
Quique novum toties mustum bibit. Oro parumper  
Attendas, quantum de legibus ipse queratur  
Fatorum,  
— & nimio de flamine, cum videt acris  
Antilochi barbam ardentem: cum quaerit ab omni  
Quisquis adest socius, cur haec in tempora duret,  
Quod facinus dignum tam longo admiserit aevo?  
Haec eadem Peleus, raptum cum luget Achillem,  
Atque alius, cui fas Ithacon lugere natantem.  
Incolumi Troja Priamus venisset ad umbras  
Assaraci magnis solemnibus, Hectore funus  
Portante, ac reliquis fratrum cervicibus, inter  
Iliadum lacrymas, ut primos edere planctus  
Cassandra inciperet, scissaque Polyxena palla:  
Si foret extinctus diverso tempore, quo non  
Caeperit audaces Paris edificare carinas.  
Longa dies igitur quid contulit? omnia vidit  
Eversa, & flammis Asiam, ferroque cadentem.  
Tunc miles tremulus posita tulit arma tiara,  
Et ruit ante aram summi Jovis, ut vetulus bos  
Qui Domini cultris tenue & miserabile collum  
Praebet, ab ingrato jam fastiditus aratro.  
Exitus ille utcunque hominis: sed torva canino  
Latravit rictu, quae post hunc vixerat, Vxor.  
Festino ad nostros, & Regem transeo Ponti,  
Et Craesum, quem vox justi facunda Solonis  
Respicere ad longae jussit spatia ultima vitae.  
Exsilium & carcer Minturnarumque paludes  
Et mendicatus victa Carthagine panis,  
Hinc causas habuere. Quid illo Cive tulisset  
Natura in terris, quid Roma beatius unquam,  
Si circumducto captivorum agmine, & omni  
Bellorum pompa, animam exhalasset opimam,  
Cum de Teutonico vellet descendere curru?  
Provida Pompeio dederat Campania febres  
Optandos: Sed multae Vrbes & publica Vota  
Vicerunt. Igitur fortuna ipsius, & Vrbis  
Servatum victo caput abstulit. Hoc cruciatu  
Lentulus, hac poena caruit, ceciditque Cethegus  
Integer, & jacuit Catilina cadavere toto.  
Formam optat modico pueris, majore puellis  
Murmure, cum Veneris fanum videt anxia Mater  
Usque ad delicias votorum. Cur tamen inquit  
Corripias?  
— pulcra gaudet Latona Diana,  
Sed vetat optari faciem Lucretia, qualem  
Ipsa habuit. Cuperet Rutilae Virginia gibbum  
Accipere, atque suum Rutilae dare. Filius autem  
Corporis egregii, miseros, trepidosque Parentes  
Semper habet. Rara est adeo concordia formae  
Atque pudicitiae; sanctos licet horrida mores  
Tradiderit domus, ac veteres imitata Sabinas.  
Praeterea castum ingenium, Vultumque modesto  
Sanguine ferventem tribuat Natura benigna  
Larga manu, (quid enim puero conferre potest plus  
Custode & cura natura potentior omni?)  
Non licet esse viros: Nam prodiga corruptoris  
Improbitas ipsos audet tentare Parentes,  
Tanta in muneribus fiducia. Nullus ephebum  
Deformem saeva castravit in arce Tyrannus:  
Nec praetextatum rapuit Nero loripedem, nec  
Strumosum, atque utero pariter, gibboque tumentem,  
I nunc & Juvenis specie laetare tui, quem  
Majora expectant discrimina. Fiet Adulter  
Publicus, & poenas metuit, quascunque mariti  
Irati debent: nec erit felicior astro  
Martis, ut in laqueo nunquam incidat.—  
— exigit autem  
Interdum ille dolor plus, quam lex ulla dolori  
Concessit. Necat hic ferro, secat ille cruentis  
Verberibus, quosdam maechos & mugilis intrat.  
Sed tuus Endymion dilectae fiet Adulter  
Matronae: Mox cum dederit Servilia nummos  
Fiet & illius, quam non amat: exuet omnem  
Corporis ornatum. Quid enim ulla negaverit udis  
Inguinibus, sive est haec Hippia, sive Catulla?  
Deterior totos habet illic Foemina mores.  
Sed casto quid forma nocet, quid profuit immo  
Hippolito grave propositum? quid Bellerophonti?  
Erubuit nempe haec, ceu fastidita repulso.  
Nec Sthenobaea minus quam Cressa excanduit, & se  
Concussere ambae. Mulier saevissima tunc est,  
Cum stimulos odio pudor admovet. Elige quidnam  
Suadendum esse putes, cui nubere CaesarisVxor  
Destinat. Optimus hic & formosissimus idem  
Gentis Patriciae rapitur miser extinguendus  
Messalinae oculis:  
— Dudum sedet illa parato  
Flammeolo, Tyriusque palam genialis in hortis  
Sternitur, & ritu decies centena dabuntur  
Antiquo: Veniet cum signatoribus Auspex.  
Haec tu secreta & paucis commissa putabis?  
Non nisi legitime vult nubere: quid placeat, dic:  
Ni parere velis, pereundum erit ante lucernas.  
Si scelus admittas, dabitur mora parvula, dum res  
Nota Vrbi & populo contingat Principis aures.  
Dedecus ille domus sciet ultimus: interea Tu  
Obsequere imperio, si tanti vita dierum  
Paucorum. Quidquid melius leviusque putaris,  
Praebenda est Gladio pulchra haec & candida cervix.  
Nil ergo optabunt homines? Si consilium vis,  
Permittes ipsis expendere Numinibus, quid  
Conveniat nobis, rebusque sit utile nostris.  
Nam pro jucundis aptissima quaeque dabunt Dii.  
Carior est illis homo quam sibi. Nos animorum  
Impulsu & coeca magnaque cupidine ducti,  
Conjugium petimus, partumqueVxoris: at illis  
Notum qui Pueri, qualisque sutura sit Vxor.  
Vt tamen & poscas aliquid, voveasque sacellis  
Exta, & candiduli Divina tomacula porci:  
Orandum est, ut sit mens sana in corpore sano.  
Fortem posce animum, mortis terrore carentem:  
Qui spatium vitae extremum inter munera ponat  
Naturoe. Qui ferre quoat quoscunque labores,  
Nesciat irasci, cupiat nihil, & potiores  
Herculis aerumnas credat saevosque labores,  
Et venere & caenis & pluma Sardanapali.  
Monstro quod ipse Tibi possis dare. Semita certe  
Tranquillae per virtutem patet unica vitoe.  
Nullum Numen habes si sit Prudentia: Nos te,  
Nos facimus, Fortuna, Deam, coeloque locamus.   
Finis Sat. 10.   

Illustrations on the Tenth satire of Juvenal.  
(1.) THE Spaniards call it Cadiz, corruptly Calis, we call it Cales, an Island situate at the Southside of Spain, without the straits of Gibraltar, where they feigned Hercules to have set up two Pillars with his Ne plus ultra. This the Ancients thought to be the farthest part of the Earth Eastward.  
(2.) The great River in the East-Indies, dividing them into two parts, extra and intra Gangem: The old Scholiast says, Juvenal means the whole Earth by Synecdoche.  
(3.) Here I differ from Lubin, and Farnaby, (as Mr. Holiday does) who interpret dextro pede with most prosperous Auspicies. For tho' Turnebus says, Lib. 29. cap. 35. Dextra cum erant, Numina favere credebantur, Laeva contra. Yet in auspiciis quae sinistra sunt bene eventura putantur among the Romans says Alex. ab Alex. gen. dier. lib. 5. cap. 13. in taking their Auspicia, the Thunder and Lightning was supposed to come from the right hand of the God, when it was on the left hand of the Auspex. Laeva auspicia answer to dextra Numina; and so vice versa, and so intonuit Laevum Aeneid 2, is expounded by Donatus. So that dextro pede could not be meant in Farnaby, and Lubins sense. But the Romans thinking the Right Limbs were naturally more strong and worthy than the Left, superstitiously fancied, That that Progress was luckiest that begun with the right Foot. Some Jockeys here among us superstitiously believe, That if the Horse step out of the Stable with his right foot he will win the Race, otherwise not.  
(4.) I have Translated faciles literally, easy; because I take it to be as good English as it is Latin.  
(5.) Milo was a Man of predigious strength as Strabo writes of him: But going through a Forest in Italy, seeing an Oak in part split, he endeavoured to rend it farther, and it closed with a spring upon him, and held him till he became a prey to Wild Beasts.  
(6.) Tho' Juvenal calls them British Whales, and Lubin says, they are the greatest that are; yet we scarce see one in an Age here, and then not the greatest.  
(7.) Caius Cassius Longinus a very rich Lawyer, Nero commanded his Eyes to be put out, and afterwards ordered him to be killed; upon pretence of having Cassius his Image who stabbed Julius Caesar in his House: But the true reason was for his great wealth.  
(8.) Nero's Tutor, an excellent Moral Philosopher, he had most magnificent Gardens, and was prodigiously Rich, as Tacitus says, lib. 13. That in the fourth year of Nero he was worth 100000 Sestertia; which Mr. Holiday computes to be 781250 l. sterling, and he improved this Estate four years after that. At the command of Nero, his Veins were cut, and he bled to death: He was accused by Ruffus, and Tigellinus, upon pretence that he was in Pisa" s Cospiracy.  
(9) Plautius' Lateranus appointed Consul, whom Nero commanded to be killed, so suddenly, that he would not give leave that he should embrace his Children. Turius the Tribune dispatched him, Tacit. 15.  
(10.) Poor People always lay in the Cock-lofts, into which they climbed with Ladders, Juven. satire 3.  
(11.) Contus signifies a Quant or Sprett, with which they shove Boats; it also signifies a stronger sort of Spear, and a Weapon wherewith they used to fight with wild Beasts: But I take it here to be a strong Staff with an Iron at the end of it; like that which Tinkers, Pedlars, and Foot-pads use: And therefore I have Translated it a Quarterstaff; and Foot-pads Rob most in the night.  
(12.) Vows or Prayers, which when they were ashamed of, they did, susurrare, mumble them in secret; but otherwise they spoke 'em loud, as Persius says, aperto vivere voto.  
(13.) The Senators and great wealthy men were wont to put their Money in Iron Chests, and place them in the forum for fear of Fire. First in Mars his Temple in the Forum of Augustus, till that was Robbed, which the Poet mentions Sat. 14. after that in the Temple of Castor and Pollux, which was in the Forum Romanum; after that in Trajan's Forum, and as the old Scholiast says, the place was called Opens.  
(14.) Because the Poor drink in them, whom none hate, envy, or would supplant.  
(15.) The Romans used to drink in Golden Cups adorned with Precious Stones. Vid. Sat. 5. from the 37th. Line to the 46th.  
(16.) Excellent Wine named from Setia a Town or City in Campania.  
(17.) The Commentators doubting about this place say, That Ardebit may signify that Wine looks of a flame colour in Gold Cups; or that it may be applied to the burning poison in the Cup: I am bold to apply it to the Wine, and translate it Sparkle.  
(18.) Democritus of Abdera a City in Thrace, an Anatomical Philosopher, who, whenever he stirred out, laughed continually at the vanities and follies of mankind, therefore surnamed Gelasinus the Laugher. Some People sent Hypocrates to him, taking him to be mad; but Hypocrates thought him otherwise.  
(19) Heraclitus a Philosopher of Ephesus, who always wept at the follies, villainies and miseries of mankind, he lived in the time of the last Darius; he was surnamed 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 for his obscure stile.  
(20.) A White Mantle bordered with Purple, worn by Consuls, Dictator's, Praetors, and great men who had born great Offices; and by the Sons of Noblemen, till they put on the manly Gown.  
(21.) A Robe or Mantle of which there were three sorts, one all Purple for the Gods, another streaked with beams of White and Purple for Kings; and a Third of Purple and Scarlet, worn by the Augur when he took his Augury. See Alex. ab Alex. gen. Dier. lib. 5. cap. 18.  
(22.) Horse-litters which were very lofty, and magnificently rich, in which they might sit or lie, carried by their Slaves. See Sat. 3.  
(23.) The bundle of Rods carried before Dictator's, Consuls, and the Praetor Vrbanus, with an Axe bound to it, not in it.  
(24.) The place at the end of the Judgement Hall raised and rounded, where stood the Sella Curulis, or Judgment-seat, on which the Praetor sat.  
(25.) The place where the Romans saw Chariot-races and other Games.  
(26.) Here the Poet makes the Praetor and Consul to be the same; and anciently the same man was called by both names, Praetor a Praecundo, and Consul a Consulendo Senatum: But this was before the Praetor Vrbanus, somewhat like our Lord Mayor was made, as Lubin notes from Pedianus.  
(27.) They were wont to stand in their Triumphal Chariots, Sat. 8. lib. 3. Stantes in Curribus Aemilianos.  
(28.) These Triumphal Robes were brought out of the Temple of Jupiter, and given to him who was to Triumph: See Alex. ab Alex. Gen. Dierum, Lib. 5. cap. 18. The Toga and the Tunica are here different most certainly, tho' some would have it otherwise.  
(29.) Public Servants were the Servants of the Magistrates, as they were Magistrates, and were bought in the name of the Commonwealth, and employed in public works. This is to distinguish him from his own proper Slave.  
* This Servant road behind the Triumpher in the same Chariot, and put him in mind of Instruments of punishment affixed to the Chariot, and cried out to him, Respice post te memento te esse hominem, Look behind you, remember you are a Man, and bid him mind the Whip and the Bell. Lubin and Farnaby.  
(30.) He that Triumphed boar an Ivory Sceptre, with an Eagle seeming to rise and fly from it.  
(31.) Clients were Retainers or Followers of Great men.  
(32.) The Colour of the Mantle or Sleeveless Gown for the better sort was White, and this they wore (as Pancirollus says) Lib. 1. Tit. 43. at all public Shows.  
(33.) They marched on each side of his Chariot.  
(34.) Sportula was the Supper or entertainment which the Rex, or Patron gave his Clients, which at first was a Supper, but afterwards was turned into Money: As here it is meant, Defossa in Loculis quos Sportula fecit Amicos. When they entertained them liberally at Supper, it was called Caena recta: but the more proud and sordid great men gave them out Baskets of Mea●, and Money at their doors. See Sat. 1. line 95. where Juvenal lashes the baseness of a proud luxurious fellow, who would have Seven Dishes to himself alone, and keep out his Clients. 'Tis hard to imagine that free Citizens of good Condition, should be so slavish to follow the Sportula, as you may see, Sat. 1. after line 95.  
(34.) Vervecum in patria Crassoque sub Aere nasci. The Country of Weathers, sheepish, doltish fellows which I translate Sheeps-heads. Crasso sub Aere, like that in Baectia, good rich Pasture, but thick moist Air. We observe here that the driest Climate, and thinnest Air, produces the quickest Wits, Hor. in Epist. Baeo●um crasso jurares in Aere natum.  
(35.) The Ancients were wont when they made their Vows to the Gods, to write them, some in Papers, and some in Waxen Tables, and with Wax, to fix them to the Knees of the Gods: As says Farnaby, the old Scholiast, Lubin and Turnebus, lib. adv. 1. cap. 21.  
(36.) The Scholiast interprets this otherwise than Lubin, and in my Opinion more truly to be a Brass Plate fixed under their Images, containing every degree of their Titles and Honours.  
(37.) When any great Man was condemned of a capital crime, his Statue was pulled down, dragged about the Streets, and flung down the Gemonieses, Tacit. lib. 3. Annal. See Satyr. 8. line 18. and Lubin upon it.  
(38.) Their Statues were Erected in their Chariots. See Sat. 8. Stantes in Curribus Aemilianos.  
(39) Here the Poet represents the people speaking to one another (not to the Emperor as Lubin would have it) to Crown their Houses with Bays and Laurel, as the Custom was in any general Joy: And this was to congratulate the Emperor's Happiness in being delivered from his dangerous Enemy Sejanus, his chief Minister, and but a while before his greatest Favourite, whose extravagant Ambition had made him design the destruction of the Emperor; and Usurpation.  
(40.) They used to Sacrifice a white Bull to Jupiter, which Colour was, as they thought, acceptable to him. To the Celestial Gods they offered White sacrifices, to the Infernal, Black, says Brittanicus.  
(41.) Before he speaks of his statue being dragged about; now of his Body, which was, like other great Malefactors bodies, drawn by a Hook in his Throat, and thrown down the Scalae Gemoniae, which were on the Aventine near the Temple of Juno, Alex. ab Alex. Gen. dier. lib. 3. cap. 5.  
(42.) One of the Citizens speaks, beholding the Carcase.  
(43.) Another Citizen speaks.  
(44.) A third answers.  
(45.) The subtle Letter which Tiberius sent to the Senate, which caused the immediate destruction of Sejanus, who was killed by the Soldiers, drawn thither for that purpose.  
(46.) A Rocky Island not far from Surrentum a City in Campania.  
(47.) Another Citizen speaks; these were not the Rabble, but as good as our Common-Councel men that were.  
(48.) Here the Poet speaks in his own person, for twelve lines together, of all the Crowd.  
(49.) Sejanus was a Tuscan, and Nurscia was the Protectress of the Country; by some thought to be Fortune.  
(50) Since the Emperors had deprived them of their right of choosing their Officers by Votes.  
(51.) Tessarae Frumentariae, it is thought were here intended, which were Tokens brought to the Overseer, Praefectus dividendi frumenti, for the dividing the Corn, by which the poorer sort claimed an allowance of Corn Monthly; but Lubin says it is to be understood thus, That now the people grown supine, or slothful and base, cared for nothing but food for necessity, and Games or Races in the Circus.  
(52.) Here the Citizens speak again.  
(53.) Here the Commentators keep a great stir about the expression Magna est fornacula: But it seems most naturally to be meant of the Emperor's Breast, which tho' little, has great rage or heat in it.  
(54.) Lubin applies Victus ne poenas exigat Ajax, to the Emperor: viz. That his Cause being ill defended by the Senate, he would run mad, and kill Man and Beast like Ajax; but he says many apply it to Brutidius, and it seems to me that those many are in the right.  
(55.) Tiberius had given power to slaves to swear against their Masters, contrary to the Roman Law. These were the better and middle sort of Citizens.  
(56.) The private Retiring Rooms, where Tiberius practised his foul lusts and villainous debaucheries.  
(57) The Praetorian Camp were the Guards to the Emperor's person, which Sejanus Commanded, which were encamped about the East side of Rome; and when the Emperor was in the field, they were always about his Pavilion.  
(58.) Aediles were the lowest of Magistrates, who overlooked Weights and Measures.  
(59) Julius Caesar, who by his perpetual Dictatorship brought the Roman Citizens under his lash.  
(60.) The word Reges and Tyranni were become odious to the Romans ever since the time of the Tarquins: And Juvenal here declares himself a Republican.  
(61.) There was a five days Festival kept in Rome in honour to Minerva, the Goddess of Wit and Learning, which according to the Roman Calendar began on the 19th. of March, and ended the 23d. and this was called the Quinquatria.  
(62.) Cicero's Head and Hands were cut off, and fixed to the Rostra by the command of Antonius: And Demosthenes the famous Athenian Orator, Plato's Scholar, when Antipater succeeded Alexander, to prevent being apprehended by Archias (who was sent after him when he fled) took Poison which he had in a Pen. See Plutarch.  
(63) The Rostra signifies the place, or the Pulpit from which they spoke Orations to the people, called Rostra first from the stems or heaks of Ships of the Antiates, wherewith the Pulpit was adorned.  
(64.) O fortunatam Natam me Consul Romam, a very mean Verse, made by Cicero, notwithstanding Scaligers vindication of it. I found it impossible to be translated; but I have written with the same fault, as Consul Consult.  
(65.) A most incomparable Invective Oration of Cicero's against Anthony, which he remembered, and paid him home for't.  
(66.) The Theatre at Athens was the place where the people were wont to hear Orations concerning weighty matters of the Commonwealth, as Diodorus Siculus, Plutarch, and Isocrates testify, and is to be found in the Acts of the Apostles, chap. 19 verse 29. The people rushed, 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉.  
(67.) Demosthenes' his Father was a Sword-cutler.  
(68) The Conquerors used to put the following spoils upon the stumps of Trees, which were called Trophies; and this was done where they put the Enemies to flight in memory of the Victory.  
(69.) Upon the gaining of some City or Country to the Commonwealth, they used to erect a Triumphal Arch of Marble, with Inscriptions in Brass, expressing the Conqueror and the sad Captive.  
(70.) By Barbarcus Emperor is meant the Persian.  
(71.) The Wild figtree will grow through Stonewalls.  
(72.) The famous Carthaginian Captain, who Warred Sixteen years with the Romans.  
(73.) To the exceeding heats in the Country about Nilus in Egypt.  
(74.) A Great Region on the South part of Egypt, now called the Abyssines, or Prester John's Country.  
(75.) The Mountains that part Spain from France.  
(76.) The high Mountains that part France from Italy and Germany. As Livy writes, by making vast fires upon the Rocks, and pouring a huge quantity of Vinegar upon them, he broke them, and made them crumble. But this is surely thought fabulous by Polybius, who omits it as is supposed for that reason.  
(77.) An Elephant from the Getuli, a people of afric; or as Lubin says, from Getulia.  
(78.) When he was Conquered by Scipio Africanus in afric, he was Condemned to Banishment. He fled to Antiochus King of Syria, suspecting him, be left him, and came to Prusias King of Bythinia, etc. Of him the Romans demanded Hannibal to be sent to them. Lubin renders Praetoria Regis, the King's Judgment-Seat, tho' it may be the King's Pavilion.  
(79.) The Great slaughter which Hannibal made of the Romans at Cannae, where so many of the Equestrian Order fell, that several Measures were filled with the Rings taken from their Fingers, which he sent to Carthage. To avoid being delivered to the Romans by the King of Bythinia, he took Poison which he had kept in a Ring.  
(80.) Alexander the Great, born at Pella a City in Macedonia, called by Juvenal here Pellaeus Juvenis, who as Plutarch writes, hearing Anaxagoras discourse of infinite Worlds, wept, and being asked by his Friends the Reason of his weeping, Have I not reason, says he, since there are Infinite Worlds, and I have with so much toil and pain scarce conquered one?  
(81.) Gyara was a barren, little Rockey Island in the Aegean Sea, one of the Cycladeses, whither the Romans used to Banish people, see satire 1. Aude aliquod brevibus Gyaris.  
(82.) Seryphus one of the Cycladeses, or Sporades too.  
(83.) Here at Babylon Cassander Poisoned him.  
(84.) Athos a Promontory of Macedonia, said to be cut off from the Continent by Xerxes; and that then he Sailed with all his Fleet about it.  
(85.) The Sea betwixt Sestos and Abydos, which he joined by a Bridge as Justin says, lib. 2. It was of little Ships, or great Boats.  
(86.) The Persian Emperor.  
(87.) A Greek Poet who writ of this Expedition into Greece, who Juvenal thinks wrote when he was almost drunk, he wrote so extravagantly.  
(88) An Island belonging to Attica, near which Themistocles in a Sea-fight gave him a total defeat.  
(89.) For breaking his Bridge of Ships, or great Boats as he did.  
(90.) Corus' is a Westerly Wind, and Eurus Easterly.  
(91.) The God of the Winds, who is said to keep the Winds in Caves or Prisons, and at his pleasure to let them lose. See Neptune's Speech to him in the Aeneids.  
(92.) Neptune the God of the Sea, who was feigned to cause Earthquakes with a blow of his Trident, whom Xerxes was said to Fetter when he made his Bridg.  
(93.) When Slaves ran away, and were taken again, they Branded them on the forehead.  
(94.) A great Wood upon the Coast of afric, full of Monkeys and Baboons.  
(95.) Wife to Veiento a Senator, who ran away from her Husband with Sergius, a Gladiator, to Egypt, Sat. 6. v. 83.  
(96.) Themison was a great Physician commended by Pliny and Celsus.  
(97.) Those of the Provinces which were Conquered, and had the Privileges of Romans, were called Socii, or Associates.  
(98.) A Praefect or Governor of Provinces.  
(99) Irus a notorious cheating Guardian; by Lubin he is called Irus, by Schrevelius his Edition, with the Notae variorum, he is called Hircus.  
(100) A Lewd Common Whore, Sat. 6. v. 307.  
(1.) A filthy Sodomitical Schoolmaster.  
(2.) Licinius, or as some will have it, Cinnamus, who in Juvenal's youth was his Barber, now a rich Senator, as the Scholiast and Lubin say. The Poet here repeats the same Verse of him which he wrote of him in the first satire, Vers. 25.  
(3.) An Infamous Common Strumpet, who had been long in a Bawdy-house before he had her; she stood at the door to inveigle Passengers. No doubt the Poet had some one in his Eye who had done this.  
(4.) The Romans laid the Bodies of the Dead upon a Funeral Pile, burned them, and put the Ashes into an Urn with the Bones. These Urns were Vessels of Earth or Brass, holding four Gallons and a half a piece; and so they placed the better sort in stately Vaults belonging to their Families. Pancirollus tells us, Lib. 1. Tit. 62. To preserve the Ashes from mixing with other Ashes, they wrapped the Body in a Sheet made of a sort of Flax called Asbestinum and Asbeston, mentioned by Pliny, lib. 29. cap. 1. which would not burn, and fire did but cleanse it, which is now to be seen.  
(5.) Nestor King of Pylos, who lived almost 300 years, The Crow they believed to live 900.  
(6.) The Ancient Greeks reckoned their Figures to a Hundred upon the Left hand, and to a Thousand upon the Right; so when he had lived past a 100, he reckoned his Age upon his Right hand.  
(7.) The Father of Achilles was so unhappy to live till old age, to bewail the death of his Son, treacherously slain by Darts by Paris and Deiphobus in Apollo's Temple, when he thought to have Married Polixena.  
(8.) Ulysses, for whom his old Father Laertes mourned while he wandered for Ten years at Sea, after the Siege of Troy, ere he could get home again. He was called Ithacus from Ithaca an Island in the Ionian Sea, of which he was Lord. The Poet insinuates that these two old men had been happier if they had died before these Misfortunes of their Sons.  
(9) Priam the last King of Troy, slain by Pyrrhus at the destruction of Troy, after he had reigned Fifty two years.  
(10.) Priam's, Son Priam, had 49 Sons more and 12 Daughters.  
(11.) Priam's Daughter a Prophetess.  
(12.) Polyxena another Daughter very fair, whom Achilles desired in Marriage, etc. And after the destruction of Troy, in revenge for Achilles his death, was killed by his Son Pyrrhus Neoptolemus upon his Father's Tomb.  
(13) Another Son of Priam's, who set out a Fleet to steal Helena the Wife of Menelaus, which was the occasion of the destruction of Troy after ten years' siege.  
(14.) Where he was slain by Pyrrhus.  
(15.) The old useless Ox, for there was a Law both among the Romans and the Grecians, De non mactando bove aratore, not to kill a Ploughing Ox, despised by the ungrateful Blow, is a very bold Catechresis, but 'tis my Authors. Ab ingrato jam fastiditus aratro.  
(14.) Hecuba Wife to Priam, who for her perpetual reproaching the Greeks, and lamenting the fate of her Husband, Children, and the Trojans, was feigned to be turned into a Bitch.  
(15.) Mithridates' King of Pontus, aged sixty nine years, had Reigned fifty seven, Warred against the Romans forty; being at last wholly overthrown, when he could not die by Poison, having in his life time, as 'tis said, constantly taken Antidotes against it, made one of his Soldiers kill him. See Florus, lib. 3. cap. 5.  
(16.) King of Lydia, the richest Man than living, showing his Treasure to Solon, one of the Seven wise Men of Greece, and Lawgiver to the Athenians, asked him if he had known any Man happier than himself? To whom Solon replied, he had known several; and instanced in them, telling him he must look to the end; for no Man could be judged happy till they had seen all his life— and Ovid says,— Dicique beatus  Nemo ante obitum supremaque funera Debet. 
(17.) Marius' surnamed Cajus, born of a very obscure Family; see Sat. 8. v. 245. by his Valour raised himself: He was six times Consul before Sylla forced him to fly, when he was put to miserable shifts to save his life. Minturvae's Fens are in Latium, now called Campania di Roma, where he was catched and Imprisoned; one was sent to Execute him, but he was astonished at the majestic presence of him, and could not do it; from thence he escaped, fled to Carthage, and begged in the Ruins of that City: afterwards he was recalled by Cinna, and a seventh time made Consul. See Plutarch.  
(18.) The Chariot in which he was carried when he Triumphed over the Cimbri, a people of Denmark and Holstein; and the Teutones, a people of Germany called Tuesch, or Ofsterlings.  
(19) After his overthrow at Pharsalia, he fled to Egypt, where, by the Treachery of Ptolemy, his Head was cut off.  
(20.) One of the Conspiracy with Catiline, who was strangled in Prison.  
(21.) Another of the Conspirators, who died the same Death.  
(22.) The chief Conspirator, who died fight with his Enemies. See Sallust.  
(23) Here my Author passes to Beauty.  
In the Temple of Venus the Goddess of Beauty.  
(24.) The Goddess of Hunting, Daughter to Latona and Jupiter.  
(25.) Here the Poet Answers the Question supposed to be asked by the Mother, Why do you blame me?  
(26.) Lucretia the Wife of Collatinus, for her Beauty Ravished by Tarquin, upon which she killed herself.  
(27.) The Daughter of a Captain, Virginius, whom Appius, one of the Decemviri, caused his Pimp Clodius to claim as his Bondwoman, that he might the more easily corrupt her; at which her Father slew her: See Florus, lib. 1. cap. 14. The Rape of Lucrece was the occasion of the Expulsion of their Kings, and Kingly Authority; and the fate of Virginia, was the occasion of the abolishing the Government of the Decemviri, with the death of Appius and Clodius.  
(28.) An ugly crooked Woman, who lived till she was 97 years old: Pliny, lib. 7. takes notice of her.  
(29.) A People of Italy, near Rome, famous for the Chastity of their Women, and their Piety and Religion to the Gods: A People who lived plainly, homelily, and virtuously.  
(30.) This Corrupter, is either he that would make a Pathic of the handsome Boy, or Geld him, and in both Cases they may be said not to remain men.  
(31.) Sporus was a youth whom Nero endeavoured to turn into a Woman, by Gelding, etc. and Incision.  
(32.) Whom Vulcan caught in a Net while he was lying with Venus, feigned to be a Planet.  
(33.) It was an Ancient punishment of Adulterers among the Romans, to take the Mugilis, which we Translate a Mullet, but it must be unlike ours, a very prickly Fish, which they rammed up the Fundament. The Athenians punished them in like manner with a Raddish-Root.  
(34.) A Nick name, Ironically given to this Mother's noun Son, from Endymion, beloved by the Moon, as the Poets feign.  
(35.) Lubin calls this Servilia, Mother to M. Brutus; if it were she, he must mean deformed by Age, for she was Concubine to Julius Caesar: nor could she be living now.  
(36.) A Noble, Rich, and Prodigal Woman.  
(37.) A Rich and Covetous Woman.  
(38.) A Question put by the Mother.  
(39) The Poet Answers.  
(40.) Hippolytus the Son of Theseus King of Athens, whom his Mother in Law Phaedra fell in Love with, and when he refused her, enraged thereat, she accused him to her Husband of attempting to Ravish her. He fled from his Father's rage, the Horses in the Chariot being frighted by two Sea Monsters, ran away up to the Hills, and he and his Chariot were torn in Pieces. He had made a Vow of Chastity, and followed Hunting, wherefore Diana requested Aesculapius, as they feign, to restore him to life, which was done, and he went afterwards into Italy, where he was called, Virbius quia bis Vir.  
(41.) The Son of Glaucus' King of Ephyra, whom Sthenobea Wife to Praetus King of the Argives was so taken with, that She courted him to lie with her, which he refusing, she accused him to her Husband of attempting her, which cost Belleroph●n abundance of troubles and dangers, and hardly could he scape with life at last.  
(42.) Cajus Silius who was appointed to be Consul.  
(43.) The Wife of Claudius the Emperor, mentioned Sat. 6. who when Claudius went but to Ostia, would needs Marry this Cajus Silius publicly, with all the Ceremonies used at public Marriages.  
(44.) The Auspex was always present at the Marriage, and sacrificed, etc.  
(45.) The Notaries were by to see the Writings signed and sealed.  
(46.) This is spoken to Silius.  
(47.) Here he intimates that his Beauty was the cause of his death; he was afterwards Crucified by Claudius his Command, before Messalina's Eyes.  
The old Scholiast makes Claudius to be by, and sign the Marriage Writings, dissembling his consent.  
(48.) Tomacula were pieces of Liver and Pork enclosed in the Guts of the Hog, and like what we call Sausages.  
Swine were the most Ancient Sacrifices, as Varro says.  
(49.) Sardanapalus, the last King of the Assyrian Monarchy, so excessively Effeminate and Luxurious, that his Captains conspired against him to kill him: But he made a Pile of all his precious things, and burned himself in his Palace.  
(50) The labours of Hercules are so commonly spoken of, they need not be told here.  
(51.) I here follow the Louvre Print, and another Edition, in little, which I have seen. 
Nullum numen habes, si sit Prudentia nos te  
Nos facimus fortuna deam coeloque locamus.  which seems to express the Author's meaning better than the common reading: 

Nullum numen abest si sit Prudentia sed te  
Nos facimus fortuna deam coeloque locamus.   

No Deity is wanting to the Wise;  
We Fools make Fortune so, and place her in the Skies.    
I have followed the former, because I think he does not mean that the Gods are always on the Wisemen's side, who are often unsuccessful; or that wise men needed no Gods, who had bidden 'em leave all to the Gods before; but that they had no need of the assistance of Fortune for a quiet life, and Fortune is no Deity to the wise, but to Fools.  
Fortune thou art no Goddess to the Wise.  
Fools make thee so, and place thee in the Skies.  
FINIS.   

ERRATA.  
IN the Epistle, page 2. instead of I must think, read I may think. In the Translation, p. 1. for Longimus, Longinus. p. 2. for Aurorem, Auroram; for extuperans, exsuperans; for noste, nocte. p 4. for codem, eodem p. 6. R. fortunae. p. 7. for ‛ am, am. p. 14. for induperator with a little I, a great one. p. 12. for posuit, potuit. p. 15. for Captive, Captain. p. 26. for slamine-stamine. p. 28. for Optandos', Optandas. p. 32. for Immo, Olympia; tho' the Edition with the Notae Variorum, has it Immo. p. 38. for Pisa's, Piso's. p. 1. for Consul, Consul.