NEVER FAIL: OR, That sure way of thriving UNDER ALL REVOLUTIONS IN An Eminent INSTANCE From 1639. to 1661.  
LONDON: Printed for Henry Marsh at the Prince's Arms in Chancery-Lane near Fleetstreet, 1663.   

TO THE Most Illustrious JAMES DUKE of YORK.  
May it please your Highness,  
SPeculation is the life of a Scholar, and action is the life of a Prince. 
Arist. Pol. 6. 2. Aquin. eth 1. 2. suarez et lurid. ibid. Rev. D. P●iep. ded. cosm●gr.   
It sufficeth the one to meditate up on the great things which former ages have done, while the other doth great things, which future ages m●y meditate upon: the one 
b Mentes sapientiores su●… qui escend●. Pla●. ● 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 vid Rev. d Reyn Passion●: e●… Arist. et alii●, etc.  rests when he hath 
c Bacon de Augment. scient. des●…rtes medit. 7. Digby immortality soul 7.  raised a scheme, a frame, an 
d De Idea in Deo vid. Grot. Christ. relig. 1. Annot. ex An●… etc.  Idea within himself proportionable in all things to the 
e He hath made all things in number and m●…sure Syr. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Synes beautiful in his ●ime, Ecl. 3.11.  order, and method of beings without him; while the other having understood this 
f vid Dickens. Delft. Phaen. de Pan●. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Scalig. exercit. 6. c. 7. ●…m. Tertull. de Palleo. 2 Plat. de 2●.  all is urged by his eager virtues to perform things as great as those he understood; and actions as great as his thoughts.  
There is 
g Norunt Garamantes et Indj etc. I have heard Turks, Jews, speak honourably of you  no tongue, nor language, but hath heard that you are as eminent for your action as for your birth; That you are a Prince in both, in both yourself is as well known as your name.  
I need not inform you (great Sir) that all great actions in any way are guided by a 
h Arist eth 6.7 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Mel. ●. 2. Null● qua natura impedite s●… confilio expediuntur: Liv. see Reyn: ●n Host 14. v. 9 Ser. 7.  wisdom from above, first pure then peaceable, according to the principles and maxims of that way, together with the conclusions rationally, deducible from those principles to their peculiar ends by a discreet application of proper means; for it was yourself that managed the great affairs of France and Spain with a wisdom as 
* Medi● t●lissi●… ibij, see Duke of Rho●…, Interest of States and Kingdoms.  distant from the sudden rashness of the one, as from the solemn slowness of the other; bare action the privilege of lower beings, valour the glory of those more noble, or honour becoming yourself sufficed you not, without a wisdom guiding all these above yourself and years; Therefore when I entertained thoughts of drawing a rude draught of these great actions, and counsels that I look upon as the best patterns of Modern Policy, I mean these of this honourable Person, who discovered most of a Politicians virtues, without any of its vices; that could be wise as a Serpent, and yet innocent as a Dove; I immediately resolved to dedicate it to yourself; wisdom is justified of its children, the Diamond only can cut Diamond, the wise only understand the wise; when I presume to make your Highness' the P●tron of this Modern Policy, I intimate you ought to be the subject of another, which some 
i Dig●… 〈…〉  soul might attempt with a Pen as Heroic as your ●…word; writing your life, with as much Majesty as yo● lived it with.  

k 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Or a Pourtraicture of his sacred Majesty CHARLES the second, with his two illustrious Brothers the Duke of York and Gloucester. Sold by H M at the Prince's Arms in the lower end of Chancery lane.  When envy suppressed the worth and malice blasted the innocence of our dread Sovereign with those calumnies (that were never licenced but in the age when Men spoke whatever they thought fit, there being no King in Israel;) I humbly desire your Mediation for a pardon to my inconsiderable self, who was then past all fear of loss 
l Amorem ●sser●it Plato 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉. Cael. Rhodig. 16. 15.  durst vindicate injured truth and Majesty advancing them above interest, prejudice, & malice, by a course I thought most conscientious as a Christian, and most generous as a Man; my highest design was to establish his sacred Majesty in the hearts of his people, which was all poor I could do towards his establishment in his Throne.  
Now envy, malice, and ignorance dares abuse that renowned Person●… whom the King hath desired to honour, to whom we own even your very self, I could not ●ut do his Majesty, the Nation, and Himself right in justifying his honourable actions, which I do sufficiently when I repeat them; I must contesse I am sorry that former powers allowed me that leisure I had to vindicate the best Majesty; but now his Majesty is come again to his own House in peace; I am contented to be at leisure to do justice to the best Loyalty.  

‖ Diou. Hal●. see Suet. in Tit. Vesp. Leighes Caesar's: Mallel: M. S S. Bib. Bodl.  Vespasian one like yourself, the darling of Mankind, as he dismissed ●one sad from him; so he professed 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 that his Doors were always open for Scholars: But to his favourite Appollonius desiring access for Dion and Euphrates, he said 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 but to you my very breast is open, a poor Scholar despairs not of a gracious admission to your royal presence, while he is confident you will give his grace the Duke of Anmaile admission to your very heart: But alas! It's high time to leave your Highness' full of thoughts to advance the honour and good, and to improve the virtue and valour of your dread Sovereign and gracious Brother's Dominions; and to retire with my best affections, devoutest prayers, & my honest endeavours into the crowd— of your Admirers, and Servants,  
David Lloyd.   

Modern Policy, The Second Part.  

The occasion.  GOD (as great souls observe) hath equally suffered by the too much worship the superstition of the World that was drowned flattered him with; and by the too little which the Atheism of that World which shall be burned slandered him with.  
Good men (saith Vossius) are equally injured with the honour the fabulous age bestowed upon them by Legends, as with that the sullen & silent age denied them● while the one raised their worth to that height that it cannot be believed; the other keeps it so low that it cannot be known; The good Apostle is abused as much when the Barbarians cry he is a God as when they say he is a Malefactor: when he was worshipped at Lystra, as when he was stoned there; His Excellency the Lord General Monk suffereth equally by the Courtiers smooth Panegyrics, as by the ignorants dull silence, or the envious his malignant calumny, while his renowned actions are made the issues of lose fancies roving at uncertain worth, rather than the issues of his great virtues; and after ages shall know rather how happy Poets they are, then how great or how good a Man he was.  
§ 2 It will be therefore but a reasonable service equally due to his Excellency and to the World; to do his public performances so much right as to express them with the same integrity they were accomplished with; and to expose them in their own naked Grandeur and plain state more solemn with the solid and great then splendid with the gaudy & vain; the highest honour that can be done to great and solid worth is faithfully to repeat it, the greatest elegy that wit can grave upon it is itself.  
§ 3 
Birth and Education.  The right honourable Sir George Monck Knight of the most noble order of the Garter, Lord General of all the Forces in his Majesty's dominions of England, Scotland, and Ireland; Master of the Horse; and one of his Majesty's most Honourable Privy Council; being borne a Gentleman of the posterity of ancient Nobility, and former Majesty, (as that happy Pen may easily evince, which may hereafter in an History due to this renowned Hero's life, consecrate to eternity Him and itself) and educated as honourably as he was borne; 1. under such a discipline that moulded his tender ●oule to that frame that was not only advantageous towards the succeeding parts of his education, but towards the Regularity of his whole Life: 2. Under that erudition that successively instilled ingenuous and good rudiments into his tender breast, in the order that was proper to his tender years, Age at once maturing his parts, enlarging his capacity, and advancing his lectures, until some years' education, had accomplished his mind with that stock of active, useful, and manly knowledge, that furnished him with those virtues that are a perfection to noble natures, and a rest and tranquillity to great minds, 1. bridled and checked the irregular sallies of the inferior faculties, and the impetuous passions incident to those years, 2. fashioned his behaviour to that humanity, that gentleness that was due to Mankind, and that modesty and gravity, as was due to himself, 3. regulated his discourse to that temper that became the product of judgement and right reason, and raised him to thoughts of employment worthy and ingenuous, abhorring to busy himself viciously, or impertinently.  
§ 4 In a word; when education had made him a complete Man, he be thought himself that he was borne to Labour as naturally as the sparks are made to fly upwards, being endued with that 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 as Jamblichus calls it, that ever moving and restless principle his soul, and trusted with those abilities that suggested to him that he was not so far neglected by God or Nature, as to be placed in the World without employment.  
§ 5 
Employment.  He found that if he looked up to Heaven, that was always in its course with its several glories, rejoicing to run their race; if he ascended above humanity, and assumed the nature of Angels, employment would pursue him thither, and overtake him; for they stand always before God to know and do his pleasure.  
If a Man in honour would quit his Birthright whereby he is a little lower than an Angel, and become with Nabuchadnezzar like the Beasts that perish; yet both the Field and Forrest are severe Monitors to employment, each animal being continually engaged in an orderly exercise of those powers they are endued with●  
Yea the dull Earth (besides its constant exercises in spring, after it's long vacation) hath been discovered by some of late to spend itself and to be spent in constant 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 efluviums and emanations.  
To descend to Hell, and lower he could not go, he saw the accursed Spirit employed and busied, Satan going to and fro in the Earth, and industriously walking about seeking whom he may devour, making diligent use of the faculties, abilities, dexterities, which either his nature or experience have furnished him withal, towards the end he proposeth to himself.  
And therefore wondered what they meant that gloried in the ignominious honour and abasing exaltation of being above employment, which bcomes Heaven, Angels, and Men made perfect, and of being privileged for that idleness which is below Earth and Hell, as if it were praiseworthy to be unprofitable-burdens of the Earth, to be born only to consume the fruit of it, to eat and drink to day, and to morrow to die; as if they were brought to the Earth, as the Leviathan to the Sea, to take their past-time therein.  
§ 6 
A Soldier.  He was ready to embrace any ingenuous employment opportunity offered him and his parts deserved, not (though as a younger Brother) as a prize either to ambition or covetousness, but as an opportunity to exercise his virtues, a sphere wherein he might move vigorously for the service and honour of his Country, and (as men's parts, abilities, and capacities, are their best directions in the free choice of their calling wherein they intent to abide with God) finding himself master of those manly and severe endowments, that qualify great natures for the rougher engagements of Camp and War, and are above the smother dalliances of Court and Peace, he listed himself among the noble train of Cavaliers, and of their number that were designed for actions worthy and great.  
§ 7 
War  Although his Excellency had not any right of his own lost which he was to recover by War (which is defined to be the state of two parties contending by public force about right and wrong) and if he had, yet being a private person (since the constitution of public Courts of justice) he ought to submit his right to the fair trial of judgement, " rather then to put it to the ordeall of force and tumult, for hence it is that the reverence of the Law was found out, that nothing might be done by force," see Paul. L. non est de rep. 1. Cassian. l. 4. van. 1. Ep. 4. Theod. edict. 10. 124. et L. exstat. D. quod metus. Serven. 11. AEn Virg. though Ambrose de office 3. 3. Ambros 1. lib. arb. 5. ep. 155. 10. 59 Eustied. Amic. de Gratian. ●. vel cause. 13. q. have been taught to speak by some as otherwise minded) see Canon. Epist. 55. edit. novis.  
Yet when lawful power and public persons for the maintenance or recovery of their rights that are invaded or threatened by some men's ambition or covetousness, Those lusts whence come Wars and Fightings among us, have set up a War (War being of such concernment and consequence to Commonwealths, that its treason and that justly by most Laws to undertake a War without highest authority; Plato de leg. l. ult. cic. de leg. l. 2. L. 3. D. ad l. Jul. maj. et Cornel leg. Justin. cod. valent. Aug. count faust. l. 22. c. 74. p. 206. lin. 10. liv. Dec. ult. vel. l. 29. vict. de bello numero 9) I say when lawful power hath raised a War: It's lawful for private persons to assist others, being not wholly for themselves; it's commendable to become champions to afflicted right, to put forth a noble hand to rescue oppressed innocence out of the jaws of tyranny, it's the best way a younger brother can raise himself by raising the afflicted, and nothing aught to be more serviceable to a man saith Cic. 2. de off. than another man; it behoves every one to take up Arms upon injury done to himself or others, Arles Rhet ad Alea. c. 3. and happy are those Commonwealths wherein every one thin●… another's injury to be his, and minds not only his own things but the things of others, and no man thinks himself unconcerned in that which is humane, Lactant. car. var l. 6.  
It's usual to engage in War for fellow-Citizens, for Mercheants, saith Cic. ad Quint. and ver. 2. by the leave of the supreme power; indeed he were not a man that had not so much of the sociable nature as to help a man, Simler rep. Helvet. Senec. de. ira 1. c. 7. p. 51. he is not valiant that will not assist weakness, Euripid. supplic. nor he just, that will not do right to the injured.  
Praebent saxa perfugium feris,— auraque famulis,  
Vrbibque pr●ssis m●lo— tutamen urbes, etc.  
See Mores de kocz. praec. 77. 80. Ben. Maim. in pec N. c. 7. And he is not Loyal that will not serve his Prince; and there being as great a necessity there should be Wars, as the Apostle saith, that there should be divisions among us, it's not unworthy of great persons so disposed, to seek their fortunes in a War, and having given themselves to attain abilities suitable to the variety of exercises to be met with in that way, its reason they should follow it, not as mercenary and hired to kill men, and thinking there is most right where there is most pay, Plato in theat. Bellin. de re mil. 2. t. 2. p. 106. n. 4. casting their life away for that which they have only for their lives, Plato Bacch. Diod. sic. l. 18. though yet to be encouraged with rewards and stipends, for (saith St. Paul) who ever went a warfare at his own charge? 1 Cor. 9 7. see S. August. de verb. Dom. AEgid. de ait. super disp. 31. n. 8.  
§ 8 
Irish war.  His Excellency was ready for service when his late Majesty had a sad occasion to employ his ablest Subjects to suppress the Rebellion in Ireland occasioned by the Pope, 1 upon pretence of Religion, 2 a right to Ireland, and 3 the oppression of the Catholics in that Kingdom; but really upon the old maxim, that he that would gain England, (which his holiness longs after) must first begin with Ireland, and upon a Prophecy found in the Vatican encouraging them at that time there-unto together with some sad divisions by Romish Emissaries to be raised in England about that time.  
§ 9 His Excellency well knowing that War is lawful: 1 By nature Man (as Galen de usu partium hath it,) being made for war and peace, see Arist. de part. animal. 4. 10. Cassiod. de anima. Armaque in armatos sumere jura sinunt Ovid. dente lupus cornu taurus petit, &c: Ho. For 2. by Scripture, which recordeth it approved by the Priest of the most high God, Gen. 14. 20. which provideth Laws for it; and recordeth the Worthies that fought the Battles of God, and mentioneth Men after Gods own heart Men of War; and devout Men, Centurians, and forbids not Soldiers their employment, but forbids them violence and falsehood, advising them to be content with their wages.  
§ 10 And knowing likewise, that this of all wars was most lawful, being for his Majesty against such subjects as begun without authority, It being a general agreement of all Societies even the Aborig. to obey Superiors lest otherwise a Commonwealth become a solitude, or a confused throng where every one commands, and none obeys, Valer. maxim. l. 1. Sallust. 2. to the Prince as Tacitus writes, do all Men give the power, and to subjects the glory of obedience; It being death to resist by the Law, Deut. 17. 12. Job. 1. 18. see Philo. in Flacc. l. 2. c. 3. and damnation by the Gospel; he that resisteth the power, resisteth the Ordinance of God, and they that resist shall receive to themselves damnation, Rom. 13.2. Concil. chalced. et Trull. can. 4. Tolet. 4. Luess. Can. 5. II. and without cause.  
§ 11 For 1. War is not to be undertaken as they pretend for Religion; the Papists might know that Peter was bid long ago to put up his sword; It being (as Gregory a Prophet of their own once said) an unheard of way of preaching to beat Men into a belief; It's the erroneous his punishment (saith Plato) to be taught rather than to be murdered: M. Anton. l. 9 valent in Am. marcel. l. 30.  
None ought to be compelled to become religious saith the counsel of Tolet. c. de Jud. and Tertull::: 2.  
2 War is not lawful to fulfil prophecies; which are uncertain in themselves, and in the time of their accomplishment; and it's not our duty to do what is foretold, but what is commanded. viz. Lun●lau. Turc. Hist. l. 18. Procop. Persic. 2.  
3. The Pope hath no right over Ireland: For 1. if Christ's, (as Pet. Dam. saith) than his Vicar's Kingdom is not of this world: 2. Paul would not, and therefore why doth Peter meddle with them that are without: 3. A Bishop ought not to strike much more not to War for a Kingdom: 4. Our Kings enjoyed it as Lords, and then as Kings, time enough to prescribe three times over; being at first invited to it by the Irish: And then 5. if the Papists were oppressed, which they were not unless it were with indulgencies and favours, as that Champion in the olympic games was pressed to death with Roses; yet the Pope did 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 meddle foolishly in other men's business; & subjects are not to redress greivances by Wars, b●t by petitions, they are to beseech their Sovereign, and not to force him.  
§ 12 His Excellency might think it as reasonable and just as it was honourable to assist his Sovereign against the mighty who upon these forementioned unjust grounds, (which may better become the complete History of the Irish Rebellion) assaulted his Majesty's undoubted right to be bestowed by the Pope upon the Duke of Lorraine, and to endeavour under his Majesty's authority to reduce the Rebellious to obedience, and punish the bloody murders, it being a primitive constitution, that he that sheds man's blood, by man shall his blood be shed, Constantine upon this account made War against Licinius, and others made War against the Persians, Zonar. et menand. P. et Aq; 2. 2. 108.  
§ 13 
Command.  And therefore as well satisfied in the lawfulness of his undertaking (as every Soldier ought to do who carrieth his life in his hand, and may expect (as the Theban Soldiers (a pattern for all others) argued with Julian) to die daily, and ought not to submit his precious life to the lusts and will of others, which hath too much to do to serve its own divers lusts and pleasures, he heads a Regiment by the Lord-Deputies's Commission, (that great man who understood well whom he employed, who as curiously observed other men's worth as he carelessly neglected his own: and was choice in his instruments, because he was so in his designs and employments, well knowing his great actions must be left to the management of great souls) and this is the first of those public undertake which are the subject of this discourse.  
§ 14 
Discipline.  Wherein the first thing he was eminent for, was Discipline, without which Commanders lead thronged multitudes and not armies, and listed routs rather than Regiments; he was not less careful of moral than of the military Discipline, well knowing that that Soldiery will hardly vanquish an enemy that is vanquished by its own debauchery, Ireland (they say) endures no poison, his Excellency would endure no dangerous exorbitancy to envenom his Regiment, nor any perverse Achan that would trouble his Camp, and next the care of keeping his Soldier's Men, and restraining them (when going out of themselves) within the compass of humanity, he added that of making them Soldiers, that they might not be to Learn when they were to perform their duty. 
Turpe est in arte militarj dicert non putaram.   
§ 15 Besides that by his preparation the enemy might suspect that their plot was discovered, and by his readiness that it was prevented, when men did but seem to suspect an unknown plot they have often discovered it, and withal few Soldiers brought together in a military 〈◊〉, as they can vanquish many out of ●rder, so they can affright more; the often mustering of Soldiers among a dangerous people, is not the least part of their policy, who know what panic fear armed multitudes strike into the dispersed vulgar.  
§ 16 
Familiarity.  His Excellencies solemn familiarity no Mother of contempt was observable, whereby he insinuated himself so far into his Soldier's affection that they could have wished their lives doubled that they might have one life to spend for his person as they had one for his cause.  
His Language with Caesar was not Milites, but Commilitones, not Soldiers, but Fellow-soldiers; nor was this out of any design so much as out of nature, and that note of Livy took no place here, Credant haud gratuitam in tanta majestate Comitatem fore, that so much Majesty never condescended without design, nor was that of the Comic a good rule here; Non temerarium est ubi dives blande appellat pauperem; altera manufert Lapidem, panem oftentat alter a Nemini credo, qui longe blandus est dives pauperis.  
§ 17 And when the sad tim 〈…〉 that called for his actual service; 〈…〉 condition of Ireland, (now without a Deputy, (the last being beheaded; the sad Prologue that ushered in this Tragedy; the red morning of whose bloody death presaged this tempest; as he prophesied rather than spoke upon the Scaffold:) and by reaso● of the jealousies at the same time stirred up between his late Majesty and his Parliament by Rome and Hell; (one not daring to trust the other to be charitable) without supply and assistance, grappling with the power of Rome from within, and from without from all the Kings that had given their power to the Beast:) kept his Excellency and other Worthies to the defensive, and confined their care more how to save themselves handsomely then how to subdue the enemy; which though their cause and valour prompted them to: (for qui mol●stos arcet ex hon●, Conscientia sumit siduciam, bonaque ●i spes adest, inde quod injuriam non infer it sed auferat, Alex. orat. ad. mil. Herod. 5.) yet their prudence checked them from, with the prudent caution in the Gospel of considering, whether they were able with ten thousand to hurt them that came against them with twenty thousand, for doubtless such and much greater was the odds, between these two adversaries.  
§ 18 Though his Excellency spent not that time he stayed there without some offensive sallies upon the enemy; we must offend sometimes in our own defence, and give our enemy's occasion to complain that we will not patiently lie open to their full stroke; as that Roman brought an action against a Man, because he received not his whole dart.  
§ 19 Yet he was most eminent then upon necessity, as he was since upon design in a prudent reservation of himself; It being as great skill to ward off blows, as to give them; he was as wise as that Lewis of France in preventing danger; who had foresights to prevent mischiefs when they were coming, but not a present prudence to engage them when come, though yet he was as ready in encountering dangers as that Henry of England, who could (as Bacon observes who drew his life with a pencil ●s majestic as his Sceptre) with ready advice command present thoughts to encounter that danger with success which he could not with foresight prevent; he gave then, great signs of an admirable dexterity in managing disadvantages which he hath since given full proof of, when he opposed himself against a declining age: engaging thousands with his single self.  
§ 20 His stratagems were as considerable as any Mans in so narrow a command; for though force and terror be most proper to wars, yet we may lawfully use guile; Sive dolo sive uj clamve Palamve Hom: Quicquid agendo Hostica delenda vis est Pinned: dolus an virtus quis in boast requiral virg. 
Your enemy you lawfully may spoil,  
Whether by open force or secret guile.  Bellandum est astu levio● laus in duce dextra. 
— Less praise I gain,  
By my strong hand I war with my strong brain.  Silius l. 5. ex Polib. l. nono. xenoph. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉: 1. Thacid. l. 5. Mar●is comites irae insidiaeque virg. Elbarba hudiatum saith Mahomet, Wars must have some deceit, 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Eust ad Il. x. versu 120. ●o honourable is it to be wise as Serpents, that Saint chrysostom in his first Book de Sacerdotio pronounceth that General most praiseworthy that hath obtained his victory by stratagems.  
§ 21 The other private particulars (that that History may inquire into, which is due from after age to his blessed memory) will not bear those grave observations which are designed in this discourse for those more public; his performances in this lower sphere being swallowed up with those of his superiors as the glories of lesser lights are undone at the appearance of a greater: Wherefore,  
§ 22 I pass to the cessation made by his Majesty's order; and the alteration in his Excellency's affairs thereupon.  
For the jealousies forementioned being heightened to a War between his late Majesty and his two Houses of Parliament by their industry who are so well read in Machiavelli, as to have learned that the best way to enjoy a Kingdom is to divide it; One side affirming our Government by a fundamental constitution, a 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 as Aristotle, a 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 as Sophocles an 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 as Plutarch, and an 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 as Strabo saith, an absolute and full Kingdom, wherein his Majesty was 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 by no means obnoxious to his Subjects; being Supreme over all Causes and Persons, accountable to none but to the blessed God, as the Hebrew Barnachman hath it, who (saith Job) shall say to Kings ye are wicked, or to Princes ye are ungodly.  
The other side asserting our constitution mixed, and our Supreme power divided between the King, the Lords, and the Commons, as Chalchondylos formerly asserted of England, Arragon, N●varrre, vide Plin. l. 6. c. 22. and some new Politicians of late, who though they confess, that in the beginning Kings had all power, as Pomponius and Justine out of him; yet afterwards (as Tacitus observes) the People established Laws which the King was to obey, Tacit. 3. Annal. Cic. de rep. 1. et Fenestell, 3. 2.  
And indeed we had the best constitution of a 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 as Solon, and an 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 as Lycarg, is by some made to speak.  
§ 23 But upon some discontents the several powers clashed and mistrusted each other; and gave themselves over to such fears and jealousies as put each rashly upon thoughts of War which cannot be just unless it be necessary; and therefore not to be undertaken, upon every causeless fear of uncertain danger; But then there were some with Attila, that, 
Cared not how the War gins,  
If they could bring it to their ends.  This civil War was managed a while with variety of success, that neither side should either presume or despair.  
§ 24 It pleased God his Majesty suffered some disadvantage at last, success being not commanded to attend the best cause here, nor miscarrage the worst, greatness and goodness, justice and victory being not yet married; there is so much security of t●e happiness of another life; that Christ's Kingdom was not, and our happiness is not of this World; though many have been perplexed with that question, Cur bonis male sit, why it fares so ill with the good, yet a Bible well understood hath taught them, that there is neither love nor hatred to be known by any thing under the Sun; when we go into the Sanctuary we are taught that its unwarrantable to appeal to heaven for the decision of this or that controversy by the success bestowed upon this party or that cause, according to its righteousness and due merit.  
Pluto in Aristophanes is commanded to be as favourable to the wicked as the good; because if virtue were rich, she should be courted more for her dowry then for her beauty; so if Justice or Religion had the advantage of prosperity (we should be apt to follow it as the common Soldiers, more for the prey then for the cause; Christ would be followed again for loaves.  
§ 25 His Majesty's unhappy affairs in England, made some alterations in his Counsels; together with no less unseasonable than unlawful interposition of those of Scotland in our affairs; for since civil society was instituted; its certain the Rulers of every one have attained a special right (in which others have no share) over their own Subject, so that in them only resides the supreme power of Judgement, whence there is no appeal saith Thacydides. 
Nos quotquot hujus Colimus urbis maenia,  
Sufficimus ipsi nostra judicia exequi: Heraclides:   
Spartam tibi quae contigit orna— nobi● fuerit Cura mysaenae: Proc. vandal 2. c. b. n. b. (although when Subjects suffer what's intolerable humane Society hath allowed, and prompted one Nation to assist another, so the Romans assisted the Persians; so the English succoured the oppressed Dutch and French.)  
§ 26 These advantages prevailed with his Majesty to order the honourable marquis of Ormond to bring the Rebels to a cessation upon the most advantageous terms: and to spare so many of his best Regiments for English service; among whom his Excellencies is brought over as one every way accomplished for the exigence of those times affairs; Neither needed his Majesty make use of a Quintili Varo red legiones; So complete are his Companies, that he might reply to his Majesty with reverence to our Saviour's words, and of those which you have given me, I have hardly lost one.  
§ 27 No sooner was he and others landed on English ground, but they were entertained with a Surprise, by some Parliament Forces, before they had time to know which was their foe, which was their friend; For the Scene was altered ●nd their noble hands were to be imbrued now in Protestant, and not in Popish blood; their swords were to be sheathed no longer in Irish, but in English bowels; It had been some comfort had it been strangers that they engaged with, but alas! it was with those of their own and their Father's house; It was with their familiars, those with whom they had taken sweet council together, they of their own faith, one Baptism, and one hope, were their aid called against aliens, it were easy to resolve, saith Aristides Luctrica 5. but a sudden disaster prevented these debates, they being set upon by that Person whose undertake were more sudden than others thoughts, and sometimes then his own.  
§ 28 The Parliament were too well informed of these Regiments to give them the strengthening advantage of uniting with the King's main body, and better instructed in that maxim, dum singuli pagnant vincuntur universi, then to let them pass without attempts upon them singly.  
§ 29 His Excellency and others were taken Prisoners, and had now nothing left them but the glory of suffering for his Majesty, he is deprived of all those things that make a Soldier, and now what remains but those prayers & tears that may make a Martyr; And in this capacity of a Prisoner did he remain in the Tower so long a● to see his Majesty utterly defeated, imprisoned a● himself, (the anointed of the Lord was taken in their Nets, under whose shadow we said we should live in peace) yea and murdered too; to see Monarchy laid aside, Parliaments forced, Laws, Privileges and Properties invaded by their own Patrons; and the veil that the uncertain War kept on the Rebel's face, now by a certain success drawn off: At their first entrance to England the Irish Forces were puzzled; Against whom to direct their loyal Swords while each side was for the King, for Laws, for Liberty, Property, and Religion; But now they were satisfied in what they meant, that fought for his Majesty against the King.  
Now the whole World saw that they lest intended what they most pretended; 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Homer they that sit at our helm looked one way but rowed another, whey they should make his Majesty glorious, they summon all the wit and malice of their side to make him infamous; when they should bring him to his Throne they bring him to the Scaffold, the Liberty they with much blood and treasure obtained for the Parliament is it seems an unparallelled force; the Religion to be established are all the antiquated and condemned errors and heresies with the exploded Schisms that attended them, so many Religions that sober & unconcerned Spectators thought we had none, so easy is it in a throng of Religions to lose Religion.  
§ 30 His Excellency saw how prosperity opened those Persons whom another condition kept close as mid day discloseth those shells whom night keeps shut, advancement discovers a Man; when Appius had his wish, finem fecit gerendae alienae personae; he left wearing another man's Person: maxim● pars morem hunc homines habent, quid sibi volunt dum id impetrant boni sunt, s●d id ubi jam penes sese habent, ex bonis pessimi, et fraudulentissimi sunt. 
Be●…e the man  
Had got hi● Snd  
He was all Puritan  
What he would have  
He thus obtained  
And then resumed knave   
§ 31 And now he was in love with hi● imprisonment, seeing clearly by this time that good cause that consecrated his misery, advanced his Prison to a sanctuary, and his close retirement to a religious life, in the good company of his many honourable and reverend fellow-sufferers; his withering and tedious durance being deceived away by the happy alleviation of Society; wherein it was doubtful whether he took or gave more content.  
§ 32 There were no mean Persons then that buzzed in his Excellency's ear his Majesty's neglect of him, in that upon the several exchanges of Prisoners on both sides he was not thought off; It seems there broke out through his concealment & obscure restraint that worth that was not by our grandees thought below their temptations.  
But his Excellency was so well appointed with naked honesty, that he was proof against all suggestions to disloyalty.  
He that looked upon his service to his Majesty as its own encouragement, and upon his loyalty as his own reward, ●…ued no● a neglect, or contem●…, his care was not so much what he was in others thoughts, as what he was in his own; he is great that is just, good and great in his conscience.  
And moreover his Majesty was so beset with malignant Courtiers that he could hardly see any Person in his own worth, without a malicious tincture from those mediums they passed through; otherwise he knew the Sun beheld not a more gracious Master to condescend humbly to take notice of his subjects service, to acknowledge it gratefully, and to reward it liberally.  
His Excellency was not ignorant how coldly the renowned Montrosse was entertained for those services that were then (without disparagement to any) unparallelled; and have not been since seconded by any but those of his own.  
But now he and three Nations have reason to think it was not his Majesty but God that delayed his releasement; reserving him for better seasons, wherein it might please him to make use of his Excellency; when rebellion had run to the end of the line, and the iniquities of the Amorites became full: And it was time to check successful villainies that blustered in the World, casting terror round about, and threatening Heaven and Earth; and to vindicate oppressed right and afflicted innocence.  
Perijssem (might he say) nisi perijssem: I had been undone had I not been undone, for had he been released probably he might have partaked in some of the straggling undertake of those times which provoked as unhappy to his Majesty's cause as to the undertakers; for these slight endeavours kept together their divided adversaries with the common danger, and hardened them with their miscarriage; for they now thought that success hallowed their villainies; Hones●a scelera successus facit, Sen: Whereas if Men had stood still, the fury of the Rebels had been spent upon themselves, for as they say wine must be fed with flesh, otherwise it will devour its own strength, so usurpation must have an adversary up for a foams to its power, otherwise (as we have since seen) its like to feed upon its self; wherefore who knows not that his Excellency was reserved for such a time as this.  
§ 33 And although he had been slighted by his Majesty, (which was not impossible, considering the evil council about his Majesty (that betrayed him to his friends and foes) against whom he himself had as great cause to raise a War a● his Parliament:) yet that his enemies who durst not put him to death (it being against equity saith Senator ep. 1. & Alexander in Plutarch, against the Law of War saith Sallust. in his Jugurt History, and great cruelty saith Diodorus Siculus l. 17. against the custom of War saith Caesar l. 2. de belle Gallioo: Taul. Anali. 12. to murder Prisoners quos mars reliquit praelio superstites Eurip.) entrust him with liberty is the eternal Monument for his worth and faithfulness; this was a Man (as his late Majesty said of that honourable Strafford) that even Principalities and Powers that would not trust might fear.  
§ 34 Upon the Parliaments unhappy success, Men of dangerous design and lose Principles, usurping Supreme power: 1. From the Sword, when most that fought in this unhappy War protest they fought not for power but for Liberty: 2 From the people when though they are not Servants by nature, as Arist. would have it, yet neither are they all Masters, for who then would obey? or if they had the power, all the World knows that they would otherwise dispose of it then to these Persons) Proceed (as its usual after civil Wars) against the King's party as Traitors for their loyalty; whose carriage in the War could not be treason against their Government, which they acknowledge is the issue of the War: and now searching Prisons they chose out the chief for exemplary justice (as the fattest commonly falls a Sacrifice) and shed the blood of War in the time of peace; and revenged themselves, (1. Inhumanely saith Senator 2. Unjustly as they were injured, saith Tyrius, yea beastly saith Plut. for saith he, Beasts by't him that bites, see Grotius, de bello et pace part. 2. p. 80:) Upon his sacred Majesty (though they were checked with a Touch not mine anointed: and though no Man 1 Sam. 26. 9 could lay hands upon the Lords anointed and ●e guiltless;) and upon the flower of the Nobility and Gentry that had escaped their fury in the Field.  
§ 35 His Excellency being a younger Brother had not estate enough to make his offences capital; yet had too much worth to be at liberty, and to be an enemy; there appeared it seems in his single Person what whole Nations might be afraid of.  
Therefore Cromwell that had Soldier enough in him to understand a Soldier takes the advantage of his Excellency's solitude for a t●…ptation, and assaults him with an all this will we give you; withal adding (as most commonly his speeches had a sting in the tail) that there was no less could purchase his Liberty of the Parliament than his service.  
§ 36 His Excellencies thoughts are now divided between two equal inconveniencies, uncertain how to guide a discreet choice; to continue himself in Prison (now he might be enlarged upon the inauguration of these new powers) were sullenly to put himself beyond all hope of being serviceable to himself, his cause, his Country; to go and serve his successful adversaries, and to abet prosperous villainy with the same hands he once withstood it were to betray his former actions, and condemn himself: not without some suspicion of time-serving, as if with that marquis of Winchester he had been made rather of the complying willow, then of the royal and solid oak; ready always for the prevailing side.  
§ 37 Upon a sober debate with himselfe● (for War must be once well thought on, wherein they say a Man cannot err twice) though morals by reason of the variety of unexpected circumstances are so uncertain that its 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Arist. 1. eth. Cic. 1. et 3. ●et. Rhodius l. 2. c. 3. and quod dubitas ne feceris saith Pliny l. 1. ep. 19 covar. de mal. c. 7. p. 2. n. 9 what is not of faith is sin saith the holy Ghost Rom. 14. 23. if a Man doth any thing a●d doubts he is damned:) yet partly by the strength of his own great reason; partly by the advice of his Oracles whom he had ready to consult with in all emergencies; (Its most excellent to be able to direct one's self, saith Minutius out of Hesiod, next to follow the good directions of● others, vasque disp. 62. c. ●. n. 10. victor. de Judic. r●…at. 1. n. 12. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the company of wise men brings learning and wisdom unto Kings; The● Rom●n Emperors undertook no War without the advice of Faeciales, nor the Christian without their Bishops saith Grotius bell. et pac. p. 1 ●… 117.) he left it to posterity, that betwixt two evils his Excellency could do well.  
§ 38 For with the consent of his best friends; with the blessing of his reverend Confessor the L. B. of E. with the approbation of his own heart (and if our hearts condemn us not we have confidence towards God) He listed himself under the Par. for the Ks. service, professing (as I am credibly informed) to the B. of E. that as he expected Heaven's blessing with his Lordships, he now served his enemies only for his friend's advantage; And methinks the reverend Father, with other his noble and reverend fellow-prisoners bespeak him as David doth Hushai the Archite, 2 Sam. 15. 32, 33, 16, 17,18,17, 14, ‛ If you continue with us, you will be a burden to us as we are to you, but if you return, and say unto these younger powers, I will be your servant, as I have been a servant to the pours before you so will I also be yours; then may you defeat the council of their Achitophel's; Have you not with you also Zadock and Abiathan the Priests (two reverend Persons, whom had I time to go and ask their leaves, I would mention to the World not without due prefaces of honour,) & me thinks when some enemies were ready to say is this your kindness to your friend? why would you not go with your friend? he might reply as well as Hush●i and no better, whom the Lord, and this people, and all the Men of Israel chose, his will I be, and with him will I abide. '  
And we have seen how by the council of our Hushai, the Lord had appointed to defeat the good council of eminent Achitophel's to the intent that the Lord might bring evil upon these Absaloms'; The incomparable Grotius out of L. sec. 1. de dolo malo, saith it was too crudely spoken by Cicero that our whole conversation ought to be altogether free from simulation or dissimulation; without which we cannot live among those that are wise in their own generation; so lawful is it (as Thom. 2. 229. 40. or 3. 9 7. artic. silv: in verbo bell. p. 1. n. 9 decides the question out of St. Augustine upon the fifth Psalm) to cast the veil of dissimulation, not that 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 but 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉, that compliance and dispensation as Saint Chrysost. calls it over the face of truth, that God himself seems sometimes to go along with successful wretches in the pursuit of their lower designs while he mannageth the eternal council of his own will, thus Paul harmlessly becomes all things to all Men that he might gain some; although 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉, as well as 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉, aught to be 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 a Man in whom there is no g●ile, and if it were possible to deal openly with all Men.  
§ 39 But his Excellency besides was not to learn that useful Men must not withdraw their service from their Country to spite Usurpers: we must go on each in our place to keep up Law, peace, and order according to an Usurpers will; though not for his Authority, but for public good, which is the only Sovereignty we are under in the absence of the Lawful Magistrate ordained of God; provided we contribute as little as we can for the establishing of the Usurpers; Cyllas' Laws were of power saith Quint. l. 2. c. 1. so far as the state of the City was contained in them; that it could not stand (as Florus upon those Laws) if they were dissolved, see Saurez. de legib. l. 3. c. 10. n. 9  
§ 40 And now not only Ireland, but England called like the Macedonian, come and help us; for they that turned the World upside down were almost come hither also: Campanella Cotzen, and Richleu in their politics having long since made Ireland a passage into England; so it's not so much an order of Parliament, as a law of natur●… dictated by common safety and public good that seems to command him over● into Ireland; which must not be neglected● for any private quarrel; Themistocles and his Antagonist left their private grudges●… at home; when they were employed abroad for public service; if the intelligences were removed, their own (they say) and the World's interests would turn the Spheres.  
§ 41 It's true the Rebels pretended a League with his Majesty, and therefore they should be rather succoured then opposed by his friends: But the wise knew that had his Majesty's subjects helped these Rebels to a conquest over the Parliament, they had helped them to a conquest over themselves, for they were as impatient of a Protestant Monarchy, as of a Free state or rather more, for this was thought to be of their own design and contrivance; and the other the object of their malice and ancient hatred. His Majesty himself though much persuaded by his Mother, could not be prevailed with to join with those in Ireland; for though Thucydides say the Athenians did well in a case of necessity to seek aid not only of the Grecians but of the Barbarians; Yet methinks I hear Fulco of Rheims in Fred. l. 4. Hist. Rhemensi c. 6. admonishing our Charles as he did another; who may not be afraid seeing you covet amity with the enemies of God; and to the overthrow of the Protestant name take unto you Popish arms, and enter into Leagues detestable; they are great offenders saith Alexauder in Arrianus, who serve the Barbarians against the Greeks', contrary to the Laws of Graecia; shouldest thou help the ungodly, and love them that hate the Lord, 2 Chron. 19 2. O King let not the arm of Israel go with thee, for the Lord is not with Israel, nor with any of the Children of Ephraim, 2 Chron. 25. 7. Be ye not unequally yoked with misbelievers; for what fellowship hath righteousness with unrighteousness, what communion hath light with darkness, 2 Cor. 6. 1. 15.  
§ 42 His Excellency resolves (upon the terms proposed by the Parliament) for the Irish service in the capacity of a Colonel of Foot; but first he must take the engagement; when usurpation hath ravished just power, it usually supports itself with the two Pillars of Arms and Oaths; a good Man feareth an oath, and therefore his Excellency, upon mature deliberation made a promise equal to an oath: (for a noble soul of 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 as the Persians, such bonae fidei as Augustus, that 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Isoc. de evag. Gunther. ●Leg. etc. Its word is as strong as its oath:) that he would be true and faithful to the Commonwealth without a King or House of Lords; and he is not a Man that would not be faithful to the interest, Commonwealth, and good of his own Nation as well without as with a King; which was the primary, favourable, proper and significant import of that engagement to the best judgements of that time.  
§ 43 He is no sooner made sure, but he is sent by that Man of dispatch, O. C. (into whom the old Emperor of Germany thought Gustavus Adolphus his hasty soul was got by a metempsuchosis) with Reynolds and others to Chester, and thence wafted over by a favourable gale immediately to Dublin, and made his way resolutely through the thickest of his enemies to relieve the distressed City; where they stayed not long but impatient both of restraint and delay; they sally out for more elbow-room with that success that they had the pursuit of the enemy for many miles, until they came upon my Lord of Ormond's whole Army ready for an overthrow, such was their confusion and disorder.  
The honourable Lord of Ormond unhappily thus associated, being betrayed to that security that he is playing at Tables, and his Army and cause lies at stake.  
After this Victory● these lower Commanders are carried about with the rapid motions of O. C. that violent first mover, who upon his first arrival Jehu-like drove furiously towards Trogedah with all his Forces; took the place by storm, and spared neither Man, Woman, nor Child, Indeed throughout he was resolved to use the highest right and la of War; which after ages may dare to call an injury; strangers were not spared, for by the Law of War strangers upon an enemy's ground is an enemy, Philo. de judice ex vetere Oraculo. Malcha excerp. legis: nor sacred Persons, my Lord Broghil hanged a Bishop (notwithstanding the common clamour for their Father in God) with an haec sunt vestim●nta patris: no native escaped the several parts justly suffering for the guilt of the whole: It's lawful to continue the punishment of a guilty Nation; for one generation after its fault, Arist. Pol. 7. c. 13. Lib. in. ●rat. de sedit. Ant. Yet it's the general Law of War (if yet it have any law, and it be not true what that rash head blurted tha● martial Law was as absurd as martial peace) H●stis sit ill● et qu● extra praesidia, etc. Liv. 37. Baldus 1. de just. Bembus Hist. 7. mercy, sanctuary, etc. are say the Soldier, for the miserable rather than for the guilty, venet. de Asylis Thu. 1585. Cambd. Eliz. 1593. and we took all his Cities at that time, and utterly destroyed the Men; and the Women, and the little ones, and we left none to remain, Deut. 2. 34. Ps. 137. ult. But with this flux of blood, they said they stopped a greater; Sanguinis fluxum diffusa venula revocamus Tert.  
The very repo●t of this siege reduced all Ireland: for immediately the two next Garrisons Trim and Dundalk are quitted; such a panic fear seizing upon the Soldiers, that they were not able to endure a summons: this success is seconded with the taking of Werford, Rosse, Kingsale, Cork, Youghal, Bandon-bridge, Barrow, and Duncannon, Enistroge, Carrack, Waterford● and now Cromwell no sooner seethe a City or an Army, but he ●onquers it; In the mean time his Excellencies particular honour was involved in that great renown of the General; whatever glory he acquired it was as the Civilians say for his Master.  
§ 44 Ireland now acknowledging ●●onquest in ten months, (for they were there but from the middle of August, 16●9● to the next May, 1650.) which ten Ages formerly durst not boast of; They return by order of Parliament to England to assi●… them in those dangers that threatened them on every side; especially from Scotland that had engaged itself by a lat●… Treaty at Breda to assist his sacred Majesty. 1. In bringing the Murderers of his late Father of blessed memory to con●ligne punishment. 2. In recovering his royal right.  
§ 45 Cromwell being to go for Scotland, (the House having now concluded that the War should be offensive; and my Lord Fairfax laying down his Commission) makes choice of his Excellency for one of his Commanders in that desperate expedition; which he willingly undergoeth when he heard the quarrel stated by Lashley upon the account of the Old Cause, ‛ and not upon the account of the King whom they disowned, as one sticking too close to his Father's sins forsooth, his House & Friends: ' Judging souls thought that War was for his Majesty rather than against him, that Cromwell there was loyal; and that it was a great courtesy for our Sovereign to be conquered, lest a sad success had gained him a Kingdom with the loss of Religion, Law, and Liberty, however his Excellency thought it unresonable to see his Native Country submit its Law and Religion to the saucy imposition of a neighbour Nation that had been indeed often taught to take Laws from us; but never to give us any.  
§ 46 When his Excellency was in Scotland, jealous Oliver joins with him Lambert and Okey to watch his thoughts, words and actions, and to check him from any design of loyalty; which he discreetly observed, and therefore managed each action committed to his trust, as that against the Highlanders, Dundee, etc. with such resolution as made him believed cordial to the cause, and able for service, and therefore advanced him to the command of Lieutenant General in Scotland; It was his honest ambition to be eminent in every thing he undertook, so he hoped at last to arrive at that power that might sway Kingdoms to a compliance with his Majesty's interest, as successfully as he saw them now swayed against it.  
§ 47 And therefore when his Majesty marched for England by the way of Carlisle, he refused to follow him, and chose rather to complete former victories in Scotland as Commander in chief, then to gain new ones in England under Oliver: Therefore waiting anxiously between hope and fear upon his Majesty's success in England, he took care to reduce Scotland into a subjection to the Parliament until an opportunity offered itself of restoring it to the King, who had utterly lost it had not he lost it.  
§ 48 But no sooner were the Scots Wars finished, but Holland threatneth us. 1 Partly upon his Majesty's account being engaged to his assistance: 1 By the Prince of Orange: 2 By Admiral Vantrump who had not forgot the high honours bestowed upon him in England in the year 1641. 3 By an overture made between his late Majesty of blessed memory, and their Ambassador the night before his death; Partly upon their own account claiming a right in our Seas which we for times out of mind were taught to 
* See Gratium in ●are lib. Seld. ●are Clo●… Stri●…. M●…. Com. Greg. Thol. jur. reg. Franc. prop. L. L. quae propria ulpian l. o. L. L. quae comuiae: vid servium in 12 AEn. virg. ●ust●c●. in i'll. ●. n. 22●.—  deny them.—  
See Fleta and Selden notes upon it; see Draytors' Polyalbyon, Grotius de jure belli et pacis of propriety; see Saxon Laws in Spelm and Selden: Just. and Theod. Codes: the Danish Laws in the exact Collect of Beccius: Whitlockes observat. etc.  
§ 49 His Excellency is called upon from Scotland to Sea in joint commi●…o● with Blake, and Deane, he willingly submits knowing he was to engage for the right of his native Country, I mean the dominion of the narrow Sea, which belonged to England as a hedge (so the Sea is called in Euripe ● and most Poets since out of him) belongs to the enclosure, and indeed is the best of its enjoyments.  
§ 50 He being at some loss in Sea affairs discovers as much wisdom in making use of other men's skill, as others did in acting by their own; others direct he encourageth, and spirits the dull Seamen to action; to pass by the meaner passages his most solemn performance was the last engagement with the Dutch for which the Parliam. honour him with a gold chain, and oblige him by a command over the Army in Scotland; which he underwent willingly, so securing to himself and his Master one Kingdom while now an Usurper swallows up two.  
§ 51 Being come to Scotland he takes care that the council who were in joint power with him, should be Men of solid Principles and good Interest, & if he must be troubled with some fanatics, they were some soft, easy and quiet Men that stood for cyphers, and were only to ●ill up a ●umber, and not to maintain a party.  
§ 52 He takes care to restrain that Scottish spirit that is never quiet Conqueror nor conquered; and remembering what sad use they had made of former indulgencies, proceeds with force and rigour, resolving that they should really fear him, who he knew would never really love him.  
§ 53 He disarmed, imprisoned, and innocently trappanned them, (though none of them suffered the least upon his account in state or life) and so amused the cunning Scot, with active policy, that he had scarce time to think of plots, or to contrive villainy.  
§ 54 And when some Loyal persons under the honourable Middleton, attempted something 1654. he easily subdued them, first dividing and then conquering them; he was as ready to suppress those men that attempted any thing Inconsiderately for his Majesty, as he hath been since to encourage them when they attempted any thing soberly: It was about that time Oliver would have had him out of Scotland, and therefore had not he opposed his Majesty then, probably he had not been in a capacity to restore him now.  
§ 55 In Scotland he impartially executed all Laws enacted by the Supreme power in England tending to the peace & welfare of that Nation: so that his severities had not formerly enraged them more than his justice obligeth them, and therefore Oliver omitted no opportunity to tempt him out of Scotland, by calling him to the other house, etc. which temptations he dextrously put off (choosing (with Caesar) rather to be first in Scotland than 3d. or 4th. in England) so that the Usurper was heard often to say" that he could do many things were G. M. out of Scotland: And if I am not deceived by knowing and good men, the Usurper upon his deathbed (when he was urged to name his successor) professed, It was in vain to set up a Protector in E●gland for George Monck would bring a King out of Scotland.   

MODERN POLICY. The Second Part.  

Sect. His Excellency's behaviour upon Cromwel's death.  ALthough upon Cromwel's death, it was thought, the awe (whereby he checked the private designs of each party to an homage to his own) was so happily removed; that the several Grandees would now publicly pursue their aim at that Supremacy, to which each of them was willing to advance Cromwell first (one daring enough to break the ice to an usurpation) that they themselves might be his Seconds: and because (as Seneca saith) Seelera dissident, their villainous Enterprises would interfere and clash, each of them resolving to admits neither equal nor superior; it was thought honest men might have opportunities to join together in vindication of lawful Sovereignty and public Right, while the Thiefs and the 
a Magna Latrocinia.  public Robbers (as the Pirates told Alexander) fell out about oppression and wrong; Take off the common Principles in which Rebels agree, a●d the common persons that keep them together with those Principles, their variety of humours and interests bring them immediately to a division, and then to a ruin, Machiav●l. King's l. 2. c. 3. on Livy l. 6. c. 2. sect. 3. These Rods that have lain so long upon our backs might be singly broken, when they could not be broken united, and in a bundle.  
But Cromwell taking as much care to keep usurped power as he took to gain it:— Nec minor est virtus quaerere quum pertatueri: and being a man of 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉, as Arist. de An. l. 2. c. 1. Et●. 4. c. 3. of desires as vast as his thoughts, and as boundless as his soul: 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 as jamblichus Carm. 6. And therefore its pity (as Socrates saith) that great and good have been separated) he secured not the Government with more policy to himself than he doth to his Heirs after him for ever! for (naming his Son Richard Successor, according to a power cunningly gained by him from the Pa●liament in a Petition and Advice 1656.) he contrived him an impregnable interest; first in Ireland, by his Brother Henry made there Lord Deputy: secondly in Scotland, by a Council and an Army, made up, for the most part, either of Relations, or o● fanatics, or of New-purchasers of the Kings, Queens, and Bishops Lands, all equally engaged to the Usurper: thirdly in England, 1. by a Council made up of his Fathers own Creatures: 2. An Army under his Brother in Law Fleetwood Commander in chief; his Un●le Desborough as Major General, and several other Relations of his in great command; so that his Army was like that of abram's, of his own house: 3. The City awed by a pack of Sectaries, under one Io. Ireton a Creature of his, since the marriage of his Brother Henry with Oliver's Daughter. 4. The Country people generally so much pleased with the obliging carriage, to which Oliver politicly brought him up, that they generally said, If we must needs have an Usurper, we will be content to have him.  

Sect.  His Excellency saw Richard so well settled, that to attempt any thing against so well laid a Government, in the behalf of his most Sacred Majesty, had been but to hazard the best Cause, with his own and his Friends persons and fortunes, against a tide, which swelling higher by the opposition, would quickly have overwhelmed them: And therefore he submitted himself to a compliance with the Power then in being; acting by its authority; knowing (as Grotius saith, jure belli & pacis p. 1. c. 73.) That the acts of empire which an Usurper exerciseth may have power to oblige, not out of his right, which is none, but because its better his Commands should prevail and be of force, then utter confusion be brought in; the Laws and judgements being taken away; See Suarez leg. l. 3. c. 10. n. 7. vid. de potest. civ. n. 23. And so his Excellency went on with the Usurper, strengthening the hands of the evil doer for public good, while he was weakening him in private interest: We may observe in Nature, that the several parts of it, though they are ordinarily true and faithful to their standing rule, law, and duty, (the light going upwards and the heavy downwards, etc.) yet they are allowed to comply with a violence, that brings them out of their place & order, against their inclination and law, to fill up such chasmes, and supply such vacuities as may endanger the dissolution of the whole.  
Besides, I think really his Excellency, together with our Gracious Sovereign, had rather the Invader should be left in possession, than occasion given to such dangerous and bloody commotions, as they both trembled at the thoughts of, which yet must necessarily follow upon any violence against those men, who have strong Factions on their side at home, and as strong Confederacies abroad. It was their opinion, 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉, Plutarch: Or as Favonius hath it, Civil War is worse than unlawful Government. Mihi pax omni cum civibus bello civilii utilior videtur, Cic. Titus Quintus thought it better the Tyrant Nubis had been let alone at Lacedemo●, when he could not otherwise be thrown down, but with the ruin of the Commonwealth, likely to perish in vindication of her Liberty: For (as Aristophanes hath it) A Lion is not to be bred in a City; but if he be brought up he must be kept: For indeed we nec morbum ferre possumus nec remedium, Liv. Yea, we were so unfortunately ●…ck, that we feared, plus pericul● a medico quam a morbo: For though Usurpation falls heavy upon many particulars, yet the bloody consequences of an intestine War are worse sp●…ading and permanent.  

Sect.  His Excellency was as careful to keep others within an useful moderation and prudence, as he was to act according to it himself; and therefore upon Oliver's death He and the Council make an Order: That there be none brought from beyond the Seas to Scotland, and that none be carried from Scotland beyond the Seas, without special leave, and a Pass. That there be no unusual meetings of Persons dangerously affected to the Peace of that Nation, etc. And seized upon several persons dangerously busy about his Majesty's Affairs in that Kingdom; whereby he at once seemed to be very cordial against his Majesty's interests and for that of the Usurpers; and really did his Majesty the best service imaginable, and his Friends the greatest courtesy: 1. Restraining them from those attempts which had been their ruin: AEquum non est (saith Stallius) ut sapiens disipient●ur● causu in pericula & turbas se conjiceat: See Nehem. 9 27.  
2. And withdrawing from the Usurpe● that advantage whi●h he made of such vain and empty oppositions, towards his own establishment and settlement● who knows no● that Oliver w●s advanced to that height we ere while admired and feared, by those plots which he subtly contrived, and others were foolishly trapanned to? by whose discovery and defeat he rendered himself formidable, and by sly in●…nuations, of what danger the Government, and the three Nations were in, by reason of them, prevailed with his Conventions to secure the Commonwealth, by promoting his power daily, upon the occasion of one pretended Plot after another, until he s●rued himself up to the power of the most absolute Monarch in Europe.  
His Excellency thought that monstrous Power would fall away of itself, which might be held up and strengthened by opposition; A Lacedaemonian in Plutarch when he read, Hos dum Marte parant dominatum extinguere, saevus ante saliuntis Maenia mors rap●it: added, Merito viri illi periere; expectare enim debuerunt, ut ipse per se dominatu● conflugraret.  

Sect. His acquiescing in Richard's free Parliament.  In the mean time he resolved to acquiesce discreetly in the determination of the free and full Parliament, which Richard and his Council were happily necessitated to call; towards the right constitution of which, he contributed much in the choice of such Parliament men for Scotland, as the Malignant party in England would not have willingly admitted to the House; who when they entered, assisted the Honest party in such counsels as would have brought down the power which Oliver set up with so much blood and treasure, in the twinkling of an eye, without any noise or stir: wherefore they were suddenly after dissolved by the Army, with a consent that Richard gave to it: 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉.  
Although his Excellency was sorry to see such unwarrantable violence offered to a free Parliament, made up of the honourable Representatives of three Nations; yet he was pleased to see that vast Power taken from Cromwel's Family, by the same Authority that gave it them, even before a third Heir enjoyed it: He so well foresaw the future establishment of these Nations, through these several revolutions (as the establishment of a fair World out of a Chaos) that he stuck not in an Address to the Parliament (whom the Army had invited to reassume their power, which they had once forced them from, and now looked upon as the only Authority that could serve their turn and interest) to say, that the Nation was then born in a day.  

Sect. His carriage towards the long Parliament when recalled.  When those Members that the Army had called in, refused the admission of the secluded Members, those worthy Patriots, that were resolved to do their King and their Country right; when they resolved to ●surp the Government, denying the Nation their privilege of being governed by a free and full Parliament, and siding with a company of Sectaries and desperate persons, that were engaged to r●ine our Church and State, neglected our honourable Nobility, our worshipful Gen●…y, our reverend Clergy, and in a word slighted three Kingdoms, and with their assistance awe us with Militia's, and oppress us with Assessments so fare, to the discontent of the whole Nation, that they agree upon a general Insurrection upon the first of August; but upon some discoveries made by the unhappiness of the Honourable the Lady Howard (whose Sex was not capable of that secrecy which her Loyalty might be entrusted with) and others, they were prevented in most places, save only in Cheshire, Lancashire, and Wales, where Sir Thomas Middleton, Sir George Booth, Sir Philip Egerton, etc. by reason of their distance f●om the Parliament and Army, got together such a considerable party, that alarmed the whole Army under Lamb●rt, and an Irish Brigade besides● to march towards them: whom his Excellency beheld favourably, and had they brought their design to any issue, he would have assisted to b●ing those refractory Members at Westminster to some reasonable terms: Although he would not have engaged against those Members, (being obliged unto them, and thinking not with Cicero, that a man may break his oath with thiefs; or with Brutus in Appion, That 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉, That the Romans esteem no faith, yea nor oath to be kept with Tyrants,) yet would he have used his interest with them to reduce them to a Moderation. 
T. Fregis sidem. A. quàm neque dedi, neque do Infideli cui periam. Accuis.   

Sect. His design upon Sir G. Booth's rising.  But upon Sir George Booth's overthrow, Lambert, blown up with the success, sores high, and contrives, that the Army now highly caressed by him, with the thousand pound sent by the Parliament to buy him ● Jewel, etc. should stickle for his Honour to be Commander in chief of all the Forces in England, Scotland, and Ireland, the next step to the Protectorship of England, Scotland, and Ireland; and that the Parliament, in case they denied it, should be dissolved; which he saw done accordingly.  

Sect. His resolution against the Armies Arbitrary power.  Whereupon Lambert calling together his Counsel of Officers, makes sure of a correspondence with the Army in Ireland, and Scotland, and therefore dispatchet● Colonel Barrow for Ireland, and Colonel Cobbet to General M●nck; who though he was a Member of the Army, yet was he likewise a Servant to the Parliament; and of two Confederates he is to be preferred that hath a just cause of war. The Athenians were to assist their fellows the Messenians against their other fellows the Lacedæmonians, De●. Orat. de Megalop. Methinks I hear his Excellency replying to Colonel Cobbet's Message, as the A●…nans did to the Spartans', A●icis auxilia ferenda contra hostes non contra Amicos; vid. fidel. Tubal. l. 4. c. 31. l. 7. Ptolom. apud Appianum in leg. exceptis: Or with him in Alexandrides. 
Ego esse vester non queam Com●ilito,  
Quando nec leges nec mores Consentiunt  
Sed multis inter se Convallis discrepant.  Vid. Orat. Partazae ad Laz●s apud Agath. l. 3. c. 2. n. 6.  

Sect.  The noble General, according to his instructions from London, secures Cobbet; at once preserving his Army from such dangerous in●inuations as that person brought along with him thither; and to cut off all the advantages the Army in England might have of the information he might carry home with him.  

He imprisons Cobbet the Army's Messenger.  It's true an Ambassador is per saecula popul●… sanctum no●en Papin. & Pompon. l. si quis D. de legal. yea, Sancta sunt carpora legatorum var. l. 3. del. Tutius regressus legato Radevic. append. de Polon. morian. l. 12. de mauris; so that they were not to be violated in life, limb, estate, or liberty; for it is contra jus legatorum, legatos in vinculis habere Menand. de Iust. 2. Imp.  
But Colonel Cobbet is rather a Messenger of a Faction of Subjects, than a prope● Ambassador of the Supreme power, and therefore he must not claim the right of a● Ambassador: It's the peculiar prerogative of Majesty, and Supreme Authority (●aith Dion. Hulicarn.) to create Magistrates, to make Laws, to make War and Peace, and to send Ambassadors.  
Legates must not be received from Antony, for saith Cicero, In that Case we have n●t to do with Hannibal, an enemy of the Commonwealth, but with one of our own Country. Nobly doth the General imprison him, who brought along with him th● face of a Faction, and the authority of Rebels; who would have honoured him, Si senatus faciem secum attulerat● auctoritatem reip. Cic. Philip. 7.  

Sect. He models his Army.  And then his Excellency feeling the temper of his Army, upon Colonel Cobbets Message (according to the power given him, when he was made Commissioner for governing of the Army, with Sir Arthur Has●erig, Colonel Walton, Colonel Morley ● Colonel Okey, etc. by the Parliament, just before their dissolution) he models it, and secures such Officers (as he found, either too loosely principled, or already too dangerously engaged, to be entrusted in so honourable an expedition as he resolved upon;) in Tantillon Castle first, and since in the Basely Islands, so confining their principles and persons within those walls, which otherwise might have too sad an influence upon that whole Army and Nation.  

Sect. He declares.  And then thinks fit to declare his resolution, to assert the authority of Parliaments against all violence whatsoever, in two Remonstrances, one to the whole Nation, and the other to the Churches.  
Whereupon the English Officers bethink themselves of a Declaration too; ‛ wherein supposing the end of Government to be the public good, they must persuade the world that they are the only promoters of that in the world: ' In melle sunt ●inguae sita v●strae, atque orationes lacte; ●orda f●lle sunt sita, atque acerb● aceto ●●inguis dicta dulcia datis, ut corde amara ●aci●is. 
Pretence white as milk,  
And as soft as silk,  
Will do the feat;  
Your hearts as sour as gall  
Purpose our thrall,  
And thus ye cheat.  ‛ They ravish us with apprehensions of liberty, while they enthrall us with oppression; and as their usual manner is, they bespatter the Parliament with their foulest ink, making (according to an ordinary figure in Policy) every infirmity a fault, and every fault a crime: ' yea, they were almost ready to swallow that gross abuse; 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉, Isocrates, of making the Office guilty of the Officers abuse.  
And withal they declare the necessity of their proceed; they thus make a virtue of necessity, seeing no other virtue will be so easily induced to serve their proceedi●gs; and she may well be the patron of all licentiousness, who herself hath 〈◊〉 law.  
They declare the necessity of continuing the cashiered Officers in power, which is a necessity only of their own creating, and signifies no more, but that they are compelled to cover wrong with wrong; as if it were not enough to have done mischief with an Army, but we must continue that Army to defend and justify it: Their 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 is, That his Majesty must be kept out of his just rights, and that the Nation be deprived of their Laws, Liberties, Religion, etc. And thence it follows, as a Conclusion becoming that Premise, that it's necessary our Army be commanded by Persons, that are the worst Rebels against the one, and the greatest Violators of the other: 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉.  

Sect. The efficacy of his Declaration.  But his Excellencies rational Declaration (which he published to give the world the same satisfaction, for his undertake, that he had already in his ow● breast, scorning the 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 of 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 joseph. An. 15. Crantz. Saxon. 11. Nicet. l. 3. & 4. and willing to provide honest things, even in the sight of men) outweighed their Pamphlet with the Judicious; because they saw in his few words; (for he, with Stenelaidos' the Ephor, would not stand debating with words, being injured above words) that he asserted Authority, the ligament of humane society, against Violence and Rebellion; he asserted the true public, instead of a private good; he stood for liberty against licentiousness and oppression: In a word, because they saw him expressing himself throughout like a Person of worth and honour.  

Messengers sent to him.  After this 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 of the Army's Declaration, they send two more Messengers to his Excellency, his dear Brother in Law, Doctor Clerges, and another, to satisfy him more fully of their proceed; for his Excellency, as if he wanted nothing else all this while but good intelligence, writes them an ambiguous Letter, intimating, that he might comply with them better if he had but the happiness to understand them. Indeed it was but prudence, to suspend all expressions that might make them despair of his compliance with them, until he were ready to appear against them.  

Sect.  And these are followed by Whaley and G●ffe, Caryl and Barker, as Messengers from the Churches, who had a Bird for every Conqueror: It's the boast of a Dutchman, that he can sail with all winds; the Compass breathes not more varieties than these dexterous souls have changes, and garbs, and suitable compliances. ‛ It's the perfection of an Orator, to make happy applications to the several humours and geniusses of all sorts of men: ' That's the character of these Churchmen; these Independent Willows are pliant to the poor power of a contemptible Committee of Saf●y; as Alcibiades shifted disposition as he altered place, so they proportion themselves to time place, person, religion, with such a plausibleness, as if they had been born only to serve that Opinion, which they harboured but as a guess, while it continued in sway.  

He calls an Honourable convention of Nobility and Gentry at Edinburgh.  In the mean time his Excellency (being by a call (as he expressed himself to the Convention) from God and man, engaged for England, to restore the Parliament to their due freedom and honour) assembles the Nobility and Gentry of Scotland at Edinburgh; to whom he proposed: 


Sect. His propositions to them, with there Answer and his Reply.  1. That they would secure the peace of that Nation during his absence, which would not be long.  
2. That they would supply him with some men for this undertaking, which he engaged upon his Honour should be to their satisfaction.  
3. That they would advance what money they could beforehand.    
And hearing by the Earl of Glencarne, the Chairman of that Assembly, that 

1. The Scots were, since their being disarmed, uncapable of keeping the peace.  
2. That they were so unconcerned in the issue of his undertake, that they saw no reason they should engage with him.  
3. That they would advance a years tax beforehand.   

1. He gives the Lords and Gentry power to arm themselves.  
2. He sati●fieth them privately in the design of his expedition.  
3. And accepts of their years tax (O rare) beforehand; that being what he first intended, though what he last proposed.    
And thereupon he dismisseth the Assembly, which he would not have called together but in a case of necessity, which makes any thing lawful; it being one of the Regalia (as G. Th●l●s hath it) to call Assemblies.  
And then he resolves to stay no longer than his supplies of men and money come in: In the mean time he encourageth Sir Charles Coote, the Lord Brohill, etc. to take this opportunity to reduce Ireland, with its sectarian Governors (the first poisonous Creatures that ever came over thither) according to their design laid before any thoughts of the dissolution o● this Long Parliament; but he advised them to proceed leisurely, and by piece-meal, for that, which at one view would be a mormo to f●ight them, give it them but in part, and it would please them: All great mutations (saith the noble Falkland) are dangerous, evenwhere what is introduced by that mutation is such, as would have been very profitable upon a primary foundation,  

Sect. His prudent management of a Treaty.  Yet hearing that Lambert was coming against him with thirteen thousand men, (resolved pro regn● patriam pe●…tes, conjug●m flammis dare) indeed Imperia pretio qu●libet constat bene, according to the advice of an high-spirited Fury) he (with that King in the Parable) sits down and considers with himself, whether with his seven thousand men (which was all he could bring to the field from his Garrisons, the Highlands, and the new supplies) was able to enter battle with his enemy, that leadeth thirteen thousand; and finding himself too weak, before the enemy enters his Territories, he sends Messengers of peace, he thinking of the unexpected Accidents before he did engage, Thucydides adviseth, was loath to hazard the justice of his Cause upon the chances of a battle; we, may quit something of our own right to avoid pursuing it, with so much hurt to other men as War carrieth along with it; Vict. de jure bell. n. 14. & 33. Arist. Polit. 4. Rhet. ad Alex. 3. Pausan. l. 5. Philost. l. 23. Sen. suas 5. Yet withal he provides for War; being (as joseph. 2. Cont. Appian) To preserve the Laws; other losses he could bear patiently, but when he is forced to departed from the Laws, than he will fight even beyond his strength, and endure all extremity of War.  
He sends three to treat with those at Wallingford, viz. Colonel Wylkes, Lieutenant Colonel Clobery, and Major Knight, with letter's to Gen. Fleetwood, ‛ intimating his readiness to comply upon reasonable terms with his old friends and fellow soldiers; and his sorrow for the advantages which were given the common enemy, by this unseasonable distance of friends. '  

Sect. His Letters to the City.  But withal he sends letters to the City,  encourage them to stand fast in their Liberty, for their Laws, Privileges, Properties, and lawful Government; ' for which he there expressed himself ready to live and die: which letters were delivered by Colonel Alured, and Colonel Markham; but by reason of the conclusion the  Treaters came to, so contrary to the contents of those letters, they were a while under Cassandra's fate, of not being believed, though they brought in them the highest truths imaginable, as time the father of truth hath since made manifest.  

Sect.  The Treaty is concluded in an agreement upon these terms: 

1. That his Majesty's Title be renounced.  
2. That England, Scotland, and I●eland, be governed as a free State, without any single Person, or House of Peers.  
3. That an able and a godly Ministry be encouraged, and the Universities regulated.  
4. That the Army be not disbanded without its own consent.  
5. That there be a meeting of three from Scotland, three from Ireland, and three from England, not Officers of the Army, and five from Scotland, and five from Ireland, and five from England, Officers of the Army, to consult about a further settlement.    

Sect.  But his Excellency had discreetly reserved to himself the ratification of the Treaty, so that nothing should be of force until he confirmed it with his own Seal; and therefore upon the return of his Commissioners by his own order, he (imprisoning Colonel Wylkes for going beyond his Commission) declareth the Treaty void, and marcheth towards the Borders, intending to make Berwick, which he had secured at first, his Headquarters; holding correspondence with his friends all over England, especial in the West, as the information Colonel Cobbet gave his friends at Wallingford House intimated.  

Sect.  At Berwick he gave the Messengers of the Army, and of the Churches, very plausible answers, whi●h yet signified nothing, receiving and dismissing them with great respect; but yielding to them nothing prejudicial to his cause; so that one of the Ministers, upon his return home, must needs tell his Congregation, That the seed of the Serpent is irreconcilable with the seed of the woman.  

Sect. Overtures towards a second treaty ' with the grounds of it.  Fabius' saved Rome by a delay; his Excellency being advised from England, That if he could keep at distance with his Adversary until the first of january, the work would be done without bloodshed; make some overtures of peace with Lambert, but always insisting upon the readmission of the Parliament to the exercise of their trust, to be granted before they enter upon a●y Treaty.  

Sect.  Now some Commissioners for the Parliament, viz. Has●erig, Walton, and Morley, having gained Portsmouth with the conse●t of Colonel Whetham, formerly of the Counsel of Scotland, whereof his Excellency was Precedent; and Lawson (notwithstanding all endeavours by that Siren Vane, to persuade him to the contrary) declaring with the Navy for the Parliament; and the Land forces for want of pay revolting; the Army in the North mouldereth away, and yieldeth to time a●d delay.  

Sect. He moveth to England with his whole Army.  Thus all force being removed from the Parliament, and they sitting, thought themselves not safe until he by his authority and presence came to awe the Soldiery and the tumults, that want nothing but an Head to lead them to another Rebellion.  

Sect. His prudent management of affairs throughout his progress to a subserviency to his design.  His Excellency (whom former Powers could not draw from Scotland with either fear or favour) takes this opportunity to do his Country and King a public right: And so (though ordered to bring with him only three hundred men, and dispose the rest for quarters) he marcheth with his whole Army, modelling such Garrisons and Forces as he met with to a posture subservient to his design, intrusting them with men faithful to his and the Nations Interest, which were now no more two but one: and commending the care of Scotland to Major General Morgan, a Person very industrious in assisting his Excellency, going to him in his greatest extremity from London, to encourage him and his Army to a resolution in those designs, that were as great as they were good, he marcheth with his own Army, which he knew was tried and ●…ithfull: whereas the other Forces (an air dato conducta cohors bellica, miles dona sequens pretioque suum mutare favorem suetus, & accepto pariter cum munere bello, hunc habuisse dator pret●… quem jusserit, hostem, Bell. de re mil. 2. p. t. 2. n. 4.) would upon the least temptation (as he told the Parliament) betray both himself and them too.  
And in his way finds the Honourable 
His conference with the Lord Fairfax in his way to Yorkshire.  Lord Fairfax, with Sir H. Chol●ely, etc. in Arms against free Quarter, and for a free Parliament, with whom he had private conference, to each party's satisfaction.  

Sect.  Here he receives a Message from the City by the Sword-bearer; to which he returns this Answer. 

1. That he was resolved for the Parliament as it was on the 11. of Octob. last.  
2. And yet when he came to the City (which he said would be shortly) he assures them he would satisfy their expectation.    
Thus at once he keeps himself to his own Commission, owns the only face of Authority then in being, under whose Authority he might act safely, & yet pr●…ately manageth things according to his own principles and thoughts: So inferior Orbs suffer themselves to be swayed by the motion of the superior, while yet they steal a motion of their own: The Parliament serve the Public for themselves; His Excellency will serve them for the Public; ‛ Being inviolably constant to his Principles of Virtue and religious Prudence; his Ends are noble, and the means he useth innocent: His Worth had led him to the Helm of our State: The Rudder he useth is an honest and vigorous Wisdom: The Star he looks on, for direction is in Heaven; and the Port he aims at, is the joint welfare of Prince and People. '  

Sect. He is caressed by the whole Country but not understood.  And then he proceeds towards London, being courted by the Country's as he passed, as the Patron of Authority, Law, Liberty, and Property, (his Expedition looking like a King's Progress rather than a Soldier's March) and addressed ●o by the most considerable Gentry, to use his interest in restoring them to their Birthrights, their Laws, their Privileges, and a full and a free Parliament; whose desires if he had satisfied, he had utterly disappointed; for to have discovered himself, had been to defeat the hope of the whole Nation: Veritatem voluit celari non mendacium dici, Aug. q 20. in Gen. And therefore he usually answered them, that he would see 1. All force removed from the Parliament. 2. The House filled. 3. See that there be good provision made for future Parliaments: And so he kept himself dark to his Adversaries and his common Friends, though he was light to himself, his Prince, and his discreeter Friends, Quibus pro sermone nutus m●tusque membrorum est; uti, Plin. de AEthiopum G●…e l. 6. 30. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Arist. Nu. 4. c. 8. Incerta disseruit, tracturus interpretationem● pro ut co●duxisset, Tacit. Hist. 3. He gave answers doubtful and inclining whither they were drawn: Manass. Ben. Iser. Concil. q. 39 Notwithstanding there were two sent of purpose to watch him Scot and Robinson, who returned as wise as they came: His Excellency dropped never a syllable that Suspicion itself could be afraid of, all the while they were with him; every word he let fall was ●he wellweighed issue of Judgement and Reason, that did signify, but not be●ray his mind: His expressions were Oracles, as well for their clear wor●h to his discerning Friends, as for their dark doubtfulness to his preying Enemies, So Christ himself spoke to his Enemies in Parables.  

Sect. He conceals his resentment of the Par. hard usage to those that made address to him  About this time his Excellency saw how dangerous it had been for him to declare for the Nations right, when it was high misdemeanour but humbly to wish for it; when groans for grievances, as once at Rome, were dangerous, and complaints were treason; when men are imprisoned for what Nature, Reason and Law hath declared to be the right of man, and our Parliament declared to be the right of English men; I mean, An humble Petition for Right. He saw Sir Coppleston Bampfield for Exeter, and Sir Robert Pie for Berk-shire, without any respect at all to the Country's whence they came, the Message they carried, or the Honourable Person to whom they were employed, confined to the Tower; and yet he having, with that Earl of Leicester, his passions in his pocket, looks upon them with an unconcerned eye, and takes no care for the liberty of few imprisoned persons, lest he should lose the opportunity of redeeming an enslaved Nation.  

Sect. How he controls his Soldiers.  His Excellencies march to England was slow & orderly: So first taking time to observe the posture, genius, and inclination of the Kingdom. Secondly, and keeping his Soldiers close to himself, ready for any occasion, and in order; fobidding all private meeting of Officers ●or consultations about State Affairs; assuring them● that he and they were rather to obey Powers, then to contro●l them: and that every person should be so long in Command under him, as they were in obedience under Authority.  

Sect. A Letter to Mr. Roll in his name.  In his March he takes occasion to answer a Declaration of the Western Gentlemen, that run too high at that time to be complied with, and yet was too just and equal to be neglected: Wherein he published expressions, that like a well-framed picture, looked smilingly upon all sides; especially let the honest part of the Nation see a Grant of their whole wishes through a denial: ‛ For (said he) the Nation could not be settled without a Civil War, unless the several interests 1. Of such new Sects (as Presbyterians, Independents, Anabaptists) never known here before the Wars. 2. Of such new Factions, as the purchasers of Kings, Queens, and Bishops Lands, were provided for by such a comprehensive settlement as might include all sides: ' (〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉, Aristot. Eth. 6. Quod commune est, connectit civitates, quod singulorum dissipat, quare & publice & privatim utilius est ut publi●a magis quam privata curentur. Plato 4. legum; a Law is to be profitable (saith Cato L. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 D. de leg. l. 3. in fine D. D. petit haered) to the greater part and the main: Semper non quod privatim interest, uni ex sociis servari debet, sed quod communi societati expedit L. actiones sect. Labeo D. Soc. That is good for the Bee that is good for the Hive (Antoninus) and therefore Monarchy in the State which a free Parliament would introduce being so inconsistent with the later sort of men's interest, and Monarchy in the Church which is the necessary attendant o● State Monarchy (for no Bishop no King) " they being so inconsistent with ●he interest of the former sort of men was not the best way of establishing these Nations: Whereby he gave us to understand rather what he thought expedient, than what he thought lawful; intimating withal to the discreet and wise," that those things were his as well as the Natio●s design, but it was not yet time to accomplish them.  
As soon as time and prudence had conquered all remaining difficulties, he could be as much for a free Parliament, and the happy issues of it as themselves. In the mean tim●, though his Loyalty prompted him to serve his Majesty, and his Country; yet his Prudence taught him not to engage against Impossibilities: In a word, he lets not fall one word in that Letter, that seemed to deny that any of those things therein mentioned were lawful, though he dropped some that signified that all those things were not Then expedient.  

Sect. His honourable Lady's arrival at London.  When a long and tedious March, with the Prayers and Wishes of the whole Nation, had brought his Excellency to Saint Albans, his honourable Lady borne to secure afflicted Loyalty and Majesty was arrived at Whitehall: Our Venus being brought by Water to meet her Mars by Land, how seasonably is she arrived to give heat and life to his cooler thoughts, and to spirit his grave and slow designs into accomplishment● he said the King should Come, but she said Now: Her eager Passions, those Whetstones of virtue (Cic. Acad. 9 l. 4. Tusc. 9 l. 4.) Set him on to a performance, when his cautious Wisdom checked him to a Retreat, A furiis agitatus amor, A sacred fury of Love: 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉, Cael. Rhodig● l. 16 c. 15. Raising her wishes above all thoughts of difficulties, suggested to her● expedition: but he remembering that 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Arist. Poli. 3. c. 16. That Passions are not fit to conclude of Enterprise, Methinks answers her Importunate Loyalty: As Latinia doth Turnus, 
— Quantum ipsa feroci  
Virtute exupero, tanto me impensius aequum est  
Consulere, atque omnes metuentem expendere casus  
The more undaunted Courage doth you move  
Its fit my serious fears show the more Love  
In mature Counsels, and in weighing all  
The various dangers, and Event may fall.   
The impatient Lady was so intensively fixed on restored Majesty, that she seemed to decay with a lingering Expectation to enjoy it, 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉, Theocrit. Idyl. 2.) she hardly rested night or day from some eminent service for her Sovereign, he took up her thoughts, her discourse, insomuch that her hopeful Son, when checked by some Gentlemen for an often mention of the King, replied prettily, I am sure my Father and Mother talk of him every night ● When the honourable City drooped under a fear of the Issue of the late doubtful expedition of his Excellency, she speaks them to a Life and Resolution with these words: Did you (Gentlemen) understand General Monck as well as I do, you might trust him.  

He lodgeth at White-Hall.  When he had stayed there some days to refresh his Army to consult with his Officers, and to look about him for the setlement of every thing in its place, in a subserviency to his design, He marcheth to London, and refuseth not the accommodations offered him at Whitehall, as some thought he would; being too wary to open himself, when he had the opportunity to hid himself by an acceptance of a courtesy.  

Sect. He gives account of his expedition to the House.  At Westminster (when he had indulged himself some time ●or the embraces of his dearest Consort, that deserved his first and dearest Affections) he attends the House solemnly according to their Order, conducted by Scot and Robinson on each side of him● who was a virtue to each extreme, and modestly refused the Chair th●t was offered him, now as above himself in Humility, as he was above others in worth: They with most Regret and Tenderness receive Honours that most deserve them.  

Sect. His deportment and speech.  Leaning on the back of the Chair, provided for him, he delivered himself in a choice, pure, brief, clear, vigorous Expression of the great Notions in his mind to this purpose. 1." That he deserved no Thanks, having done no more than his Duty:" He is less willing to hear Commendations, that hath done most worthy of them: though he had attempted great things resolutely and valiantly, he heard Applauses and Eulogies for them, by so much the more tenderly, by how much they were more justly due.  
2. He turned their Thanks, Applauses, and Commendations from himself the Instrument in their Restauration to God the Author: Accipio, agnosc●que, Deos, Virg. AEn. 12. 
— 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉.  
〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉.  — If God will ●ight Soph. Aj. Ezek. 3. He can make the weak men put the strong to ●light, 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Anton. By God, and therefore to God are all things, Rom. 11. Ult. But knowing that it is, 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉. Clem. Alex. Strom. l. 7. Sen. Ep. 95. Chrysoft. Hom. 25. It's not the mentioning so much as the improving of mercies, which expresseth out thankfulness to God, Ovid. AEshyr. Apud Plut. de audit. P●…t. A. Gel. l. 1. c. 15. Tertul. de Patria, c. 1. Therefore he humbly desired the Parliament to satisfy the Expectation of the Nation, in the establishment of their Laws Liberties, etc. Upon this their wonderful Restauration; God had been at the charges (as I may so speak) of so many wonders from above, not his Excellency of so much care and pains below to restore them, not so mu●h that the● should seek Their own, as the public good.  
3. He desired them particularly to take off the Suspicion men had of their perpetuity, by determining their own Sessions, and providing for future Parliaments (A constitution si vetustatem spectes vetustissima, si dignitatem honora●issima, si jurisdictionem Copiosissima) Where the Nation by its several Representatives might gravely, deliberately, and safely consult its own peace and setlement. The Major part as Grotius saith in his Hyl. Gothi ...) prevailing over the minor" Otherwise there's no hope of Peace: Where there are multitudes of Counsellors there is safety.  
4. Th●n he commended to them a moderation in their qualification, intimating, That it would be their Prudence not to narrow but widen their Interest: Withal, telling them, the noble Gentry were so ingenuous, That fair means would bring to that compliance, when hard usage would deter them: English spirits must not be forced but won by an acquiescence, they are not to be subdued but with kindness.  
5. He wisheth them to be tender in impo●…ng Oaths (though yet he thought none were to be admitted to any trust in England, as none ever was without an Engagement to be faithful to the Power in Being.) In all Governments Fundamentals are ●ecured by standing Laws, obliging all to a faithfulness and constancy to them, when the supestructures are capable of alterations by the growing Wisdom of succeeding Ages, and Powers) He was sensible of the abuse of God's Name in our fre●…ent Oaths: E● toutes manieres sa este un fort belle Ordinance & institution, de en user point du nom des dieux legerement de peur de les Contaminer, Car la Majeste des dieux ne se doit Imployer, qu' en un saint, & Venerable purity. It's wisely ordained that the Names of the Gods should not be used upon trifling occasions: for the Majesty of the Gods should not be employed but in holy and venerable purity. Malvezzi on Philostratus. Casaub. Exercit. 202. 2, Of the abuse of force whence, 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉. Scholl. in Aristoph. Until men have used them so commonly, that they can shake off their Cords with as much ease as Samson did his Withs, and break over these Hedges of Faithfulness when they please: Though  Masora sepes, legi decimae divitiis vot a sanctimoniae, silentium sapientiae, sacramenta fidelitatis, Pirke Aboth As the Masora Hedges in the Law● Tithes Hedge in Riches, so Oaths keep in faithfulness, so restraining and bounding our hearts that are as unstable as Water, whose propriety is to be 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Arist. Gen. 5. Corrupt. l. 2. c. 2. to be apt to shed abroad when left to itself: but alas! His Excellency, since men make too much use of that piece of Lysander 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉, that Children are to be cozened with Rattles and men with oaths: with whom pactum non pactum est, non pactum pactum est cum illis Lubet, Paul. Aul. An oath shall no oath be, if they no advantage see: but an oath, an oath shall be if it with their designs agree they were so good at that of Euripides, jurata lingua est, ment juravi nihil, that his Excellency thought fit to put the Parliament in mind that they had more need to repent of their former oaths then to take new.  
6. He warns them to take heed of admitting Cavaliers and fanatics into places of any employment or trust: doing the Cavaliers no injury, for they could not have worse thoughts of them then they had, but secretly weakening the Parliament, by rendering their friends the fanatics odious to them, and so useless and unservicable: when he seemed to discharge Cavaliers from employment, he meant those whose actions had been more serviceable to their enemies then their friends, whose rash and unadvised zeal had done more harm than their Loyalty was ever like to do good; for those sober persons that were in a mean between madness and AEnthusiasme, were such as we have seen manage their moderate Councils in two Months, with more success on his Majesty's behalf than others have managed their valour in twenty years.  
7. He commends to them Scotland, as a Nation that indeed had of late deserved to be encouraged, and assures them of Ireland, with the persons in whose hands that Nation was.  
8. He commends to them a Free State, for he would gladly lay down his life; but he knew well that Nunquam libertas gratior extat quam sub rege pio, That it is the highest freedom a State can hope for, to serve a good Prince.  

Sect. The Parliament employ him to the City.  And then he withdraws to his place in the Council of State where the first thing under consideration was the reducing of the City, now stiffly resolved to own no power save that of a Free and full Parliament, where he saw that that Parliament and Council of State were near a period: by those strong attempts they made to keep themselves alive, (Morientium morsus acerrimus, the last endeavour of the dying is most vigorous) for they order,  
1. That he should march into the City with so many Horse and Foot, to force them to an obedience to the Act of Assessment: It's the guise of men in power to act themselves in the plausible part of their Government, leaving the more offensive passages to their instruments. His Excellency coming up to the City, at Guild-Hall peremptorily demands the Assessment, by an order from the Parliament and the Council of State, to which demand proceeding from him beyond expectation, the City after a little respite for ecstasy and amazement, return this answer, In Magna Charta confirmed by the Petition of Right, and renewed by this present Parliament, a day before their forcible dissolution upon the 11. of Octob. they were to pay no Taxes, etc. but by their consent in Parliament, which now they had not: Yet to give no offence to the Parliament, the Council of State, or his Excellency, desire time to consider of it: and indeed those debates upon which depended the welfare of the Nation, with its Liberties, privileges, and properties called for time and leisure.  
His Excellency in the mean time writes to the House to know their pleasure, to which they answer that 

1. He should imprison the Honourable Col. Bromfield, Alder. Bludworth, L. C. Jackson, Ma●or Cox, etc.  
2. That he should remove their Chains, dig up their posts and break their Gates.    
Which strange orders were sent not only to try his Excellencies patience and obedience, but to make that enmity open which was but suspected between him and the City; so did Achitophel advise Absolom to ravish his Father's Concubines before all Israel, that Israel might be assured that he and his Father were enemies.  
And his Excellency obeys them readily, thereby gaining an opportunity to discover the genius of the City, which he had not otherwise there known certainly to be so resolute for, and so true to Liberty and right.  

Sect. They afterwards degrade him.  But the Parliament as they intended, that by that employment so offensive to the City, he should weaken his Interest; so they contrive that while he is busy in it he should be weakened in his power: His Commission for Generalship expiring, they renew it not according to his desert, but empower six more of themselves to be equal with him in command that never came near him in merits, according to their interest, viz. Hazslerig. Walton, Morley, etc. which when his Army heard as they were not satisfied with their late employment, so much less were they satisfied with this reward; the lessening of their General's power when they might justly expect his advancement, and therefore being assured of the City, by a conference at the three Tunns at Guild-Hall, his Excellency's Head quarters, 
His Officers Remonstrance thereupon.  They humbly remonstrate, First, their sense of that violence they were commanded to offer the renowned City, a violence unparraleld in our worst of days, which though they made havoc of most part of the Nations, yet spared the ancient City, for its late performances too honourable, and for its antiquity too reverend to be so abused.  
Secondly, their fear of several persons eminent in this late disturbance, who had their freedom within and without the City, to consult, plot, and design what might reduce us to our former misery.  
Thirdly, their abhorrency of a late Petition delivered in the House by Praise-God Bare-bone, so subversive of all order and power, so dangerous to all Religion, worship, and discipline, so destructive to all Laws, Statutes and Customs that to repeat it was to confute and condemn it, and all sober eyes have as soon abhorred it as seen it.  
Fourthly, Their wish that the Parliament would quickly determine their session, and provide for succeeding Parliaments.  

Sect. He adheres to the City for a Free Parliament.  Which as soon as his Excellency had communicated to the Speaker by a Letter he marched to London for quarters declaring for a Free Parliament, and ca●ting himself upon the love, and faithfulness of the City, and Co●ntre●, that they might stand by him in the prosecution of public good.  
In which resolution he persisted, (notwithstanding, 1. The flatteries of the House, ca●oling him with the Honour of Hamp●on Court, and his Brothe● the Honourable Sir ● h. Clergis, with the Hamper Office which was worth a 1000 l. a year. 2. Their s●ares, into which (had it not been for his incomparable Lady, he might h●ve been trappanned by a dinner, to whi●h he was to be invited by the Council of State. 3. their threaten expressed in Haslerigs Speeches, (that breathed nothing but fire and sword.) In the mean time taking his quarters among the Citizens, he expects patiently the issue of the Parliaments debates, in answer to his last Letters to them, and finding they thought of nothing but the settling of their own interest and continuing of their power; he desired the messengers they sent to treat with him, to delay time, to procure a conference between some Members of the House, and some honourable patriots that were excluded from it, which was granted and had before him for mutual information, 
He heardt the controversy between the Secluded and the other Members.  in which he judiciously weighed each sides reasons and arguments being all the while silent himself, and concluding with himself upon the result of the whole, that the settlement intended by the house was upon foundations too na●…ow to bear up a public good: 
He admits Secluded Members to the House.  he resolved to withdraw all force from the house, and admit men of more sober, moderate, and therefore of a more public spirit, who would establish us upon ●ermes comprehensive of every considerable interest among us, making each part happy in the welfare of the whole; which he did upon the one and twentieth of February, Cressane careat pulchra dies nota. 5. Meeting the Secluded Members at Whitehall, and expressing himself to them in a speech not delivered by himself to avoid offence, but by his Secretary; wherein he commended to their care.  

Sect. His speech to them at White-Hal.  1. Religion that 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉, as Aristol. 7. that first care of Magistrates, it being in Plato and Plutarch, Coagulum omnis societatis & fundamentum, and efficacissi●…um vinculum benevolae amicitiae unius dei Cultis Philo: so great an awe hath Religion had always upon the spirits of men, prevailed with by the thoughts of eternal weal and woe, that to settle it 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉. Iust. Mart. Apol. would be a royal work, which his Excellency proposed in the most sober and moderate way, imaginable between some men's too close and severe rigour, which hi● Excellency had discountenanced in Scotland, and others too lose indulgence which he checked by a public ●…slike of a Sermon preached before him at St. Paul's for that abomination that makes desolate, I mean a toleration for every one to do what is good in his own eyes.  
2. He commends to them the State; desiring them to provide for a Free and full Parliament, in whose resolves he himself and the whole Nation might acquiess.  

Sect. He is Voted General.  As soon as they sit, they vote his Excellency according to agreement, Lord General of all the Forces in England, Scotland, and Ireland; which trust he managed with much discretion and faithfulness, modelling his Army to a temper suitable with the designs he had in hand, disarming the fanatics in City and Country, in the mean time taking care to arm Loyalty, while he laid the Factions naked.  

Sect. He rejects all temptations to baseness.  Now ●olet the wo●ld see his Excellency had the best Soldiery, virtues, valour, and wisdom; without any of their vices, ambition, etc. He slights all temptations of Command, Power, and Authority, which were offered him, and resolves rather to be a Loyal Subject, than an usurping Sovereign: he had rather have obsequii gloriam (as Tacitus calls it) the Glory of Obedience, than the Majesty of command.  

Sect.  The Parliament having settled the City in its just power, by Mayor, Aldermen's and an honourable Common-Council, and an incomparable Militia, under as wo●th● Commanders as ever le●d English men t● the field: and vacated the Phanatique pow●er in the Country, and settled the Militia of the three Country's in honourable an● great hands, of men of worth, and interests and provided for the future Pa●liament they dissolve upon the 16. of March, leaving the care of the Nation to an incompa●rable Council of State, and the care of th● Army to his Excellency, as Commander in chief, and Major General of the City, and the care of the Navy to his Excellency, and the Honourable Lord Montague.  

Sect. His Excellency entertained in London.  His Excellency in this interval condescends to the divertisements of several entertainments by most Companies in London. The Honourable society of the Mercer's beginning; but in the midst of pastimes and pleasures his great and solid mind (as invincible by these soft, as formerly by his harder services), forgets not the greater affairs of State.  

Sect. His prudence in the interval of power.  And he keeps good correspondence with his Army b● frequent conferences: at last he brought them to declare their acquiescence in the resolves of the approaching Pa●liament, to the confusion of s●…h whose hope lay wholly in their reluctancy against lawful power.  

Sect.  When Lambert's escape had s●irred up the drooping spi●its of the factious to designs threatening and formidable; his Excellency first discreetly ordereth the Forces in the Country, so as to prevent their uniting in any considerable posture, and then Honourably offers his own person for the service of his King and Country: In the mean time taking care to settle the Militia of London, and Westminster, so as they might be able to guard themselves if he should be called abroad to engage against the Enemy.  

Sect.  He takes care likewise of Intelligence, well knowing of what concernment it is for a Nation to have an impartial relation of the actions of the supreme power.  

Sect.  The Parliament being sat, whereof he was a Member both for Devonshire and Cambridge, he carrieth himself there with that modesty that might become the meanest Member, hardly so confident as to own the honour that honourable House conferred upon him by their solemn thanks to him.  

Sect. His modesty.  And would hardly accept the 20000. l. bestowed upon him, until the Kingdom's account and stated, his Majesty's occasion supplied, his public debts paid: so little did this public minded Worthy care for his own things, and so much for the things of others.  

Sect. He sends his brother in Law to his Majesty.  When his Majesty's gracious Declaration and Letters came over, to give occasion to modest Loyalty to discover himself, his Excellency having received the Declaration with a Letter to himself, (by the leave of the House which he humbly asked) he sends his Brother the Honourable Sir Th●. Clergies to attend his Majesty, with his humble answer, wherein was enclosed a loyal address from the Army, to let the world see how well a General's command became him, who had modelled his Army to that temper, that there seemed to be but one soul controlling that whole great body, that expressed its allegiance to his Majesty unanimously as one man.  

Sect.  When the Honourable Parliament, (each Member whereof deserves an everlasting monument) had upon that blessed 1. of May voted the Government by Kings, Lords, and Commons) a constitution to be admired and envied, but not imitated) and were preparing Commissioners to attend his Majesty, to desire him to come to his Parliament and People with all speed possible.  

His care to make all things ready against his Majesty's coming.  His Excellency takes care for Palaces to entertain him, his own incomparable Lady condescending to the drudgery of a common maid for the service of her Sovereign and then gives order for so many Regiments of Horse to attend his Majesty, taking grea● care, and giving many discreet orders for his Majesty's security, providing with v●lour against open foes, and prudence against base friends, knowing his Majesty had good reason to pra● with the Italian God deliver me from my friends. 
〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉  
〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉  Hom. ●…. 313. Who have taken Theogenis wicked Counsel to his Cyrnus. 
〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉  
〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉  Vid. dom. vit. Agric. Tacit. Annal. l. 1.  

Sect.  His Excellency according to his Majesty's order, waits upon his Majesty at Dover (being unwilling to Land before he came) with so much humility, as if he had not known any worth and merit in himself; and was received by his majesty as if he had known nothing in him but worth and desert: how Honourably do the best of subjects and the best of Kings greet each other? how modestly doth the Subject kneel? how humbly doth the Sovereign kiss and embrace: its one property of love to condescend with a 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Eurip. Hal. So Parents out of love to their Children lisp, and play, and fit their speech and dalliances ●o the age and infirmities of their children.  

Sect. He meets his Majesty.  In that renowned progress of his Majesty to London his Excellency had the honour to ride nex before his Majesty, with the Illustrious Duke of Buckingham all the way to London, and with the Honourable Mayor through London: where the whole Nation saw him more Honourable in that he restored a sovereign, then if he had been one more glorious in his Loyal Subjection then in an usurped majesty: his bare head was more honourable than oth●rs Crowns.  

His tenderness of his Majesty's prerogative.  When some careful of the Subjects liberty would have bounded his Majesty's prerogative within the compass of the Laws (it being a power not to be entrusted to frail flesh and blood to be above Law) and what was more have capitulated with him for his own right, and brought him to his Throne upon terms: his Excellency withstood the motion, scorning to fetch home a fettered Majesty, and to restore a captive Sovereignty: if he brought in a King, he would also bring in prerogative; and a plenam potestatem, 2. Ed. 4. 17.21. H. 7 2. H. 7.7. as it was in principio reru●…, where Gentium nationumque imperi●m penes reges ●rat, Iust. l. 1. See R. B. jos. in Mishput Aammelech: and indeed prerogative cannot be in●rusted to a mortal more capable of it than our Sovereign, who thinks it his highest power not to be able to do an injury; and his highest prerogative to take nothing from his Subjects but a liberty to offend, Principi summum rerum arbitrium di●… dederunt, subdit●s obsequij gloria relicta est, and may it suffice us when we admit his Majesty to a Sovereignty over us, that we know, Regem in ipsum imperium est jovis, God is Sovereign over him.  

Sect. His care for justice.  It was thought his Excellency would intercede with his Majesty for a general pardon to all parties and persons, but his Excellency perceiving his Majesty's extraordinary inclination to mercies, thought fit rather to encourage him to do Justice.  
1. That innocent blood may not be upon our heads or upon our posterities, such blood as may overthrow a world: It's a ●earful thing to let a Nation fall into the hand of the living, by a neglect to satisfy that justice which divine mercy will not defraud, and therefore humane mercy dares not.  
Secondly that posterity may look upon their late villainies with horror when they see them punished with severity.  
〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉, Plato apud A. Gel. l. 6. c. 14. Famosos publica furca figendos pluribus placuit ut conspectu deturre antur alii ab iisdem facinoribus F. de. paenis L. 28 P. fumosos Pet. Erod. de cret. l. 2. ●il. 14. Zeppa. de leg. l. 1. c. 11. Plin. l. 29. c. 4.  
3. That complete justice be done to all sufferers of the Clergy and Layty, righteousness establisheth a Nation, and the guilty must be as contented for the good of the Nation to suffer Justice, as the innocent may be to enjoy right.  
But his Majesty and his Excellency hath taught the Nation to sing of mercy and judgement Ps. 101. 1. by their 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉, Arist. Rhet. Iudex u●… medicus syropos habet & al●…n. R. ●ai●. trans●. p. ●3.  

Sect.  When his Majesty had leisure for any thoughts of settling his Officers of state he began in his own family, (for as a Bishop so a King must rule well in his own family) for how saith St. Paul, can be rule the Church that cannot rule his house, and how saith Aristotle Can he govern Kingdoms that governs not his own Court: Indeed Kingship (saith Selden, in his titles of honour, Weems exercitations 3. A●ist. Polit. 7. Rev. Bp. Will. in his jura Maies●atis) was first exercised in the narrow compass of an household, and those increasing to Cities, Kings a while contentedly possessed those Cities, and Cities swelling into Nations, we had our Kings of Nations. Whence his Excellency had the honour himself of being Master of the Horse, and to commend the incomparable Sir. Will. Morris (eminent in his Country for piety, prudence, publike-mindedness, and valour for rejected truths, eminent in his worthy book called Caena quasi 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 for depth of judgement, solid and acute reason, sharp, quick, yet clear apprehension, for comprehensive reading, for a copious fancy, for a choice, grave, brief, perspicuous, pleasant, vigorous, and m●…erately vehement expression, with a gracious frame of spirit running through each part, and the whole of it) for the first Secretary of state.  

Sect.  His Majesty well weighing That in the multitude of Counsellors there is safety, called his Excellency with his own high-born Brothers in suffering as well as nature, the Honourable Marquesses of Hartford, of Ormond, the Lo●d Chancellor Hid, etc. to the Council Table, where there is no person that need go beyond him who first hath been present at all the subtle debates whenby the 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉. The Rulers of the darkness of this age promoted their mysteries of iniquity.  
2. Who hath managed the troublesome affairs of Sco●land so successfully for so many years.  
3. Who had manifested so much prudence in his late expedition, that the King solemnly desired his sage advice for the settlement of his Kingdom.  

Sect.  But his Excellency conscious enough of the worth and ability of the most honourable Council is not so intent upon the affairs of state, as upon those of the field his own peculiar charge, where his chief care 〈◊〉 to model the Army to a frame subse●vient to his Majesties and the whole Nations interest; and well knowing that the whole Army is at the beck of superior Officers as much as the lower O●b● & at the command of the first mover, he disposed of most commands to persons of honour, worth, and found interest: His Majesty himself with his two Royal Brothers, honouring their respective Regiments with their command.  

Sect.  And now it may be expected that from this confluence of the highest worth, the most eminent virtues, the most renowned performances, the result must be the highest honour 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉. Arist. d● mor. l. 4. c. 7. Charron wisd. c. 7. Hall government l. 1. c. 5. and therefore his Majesty was pleased to call his Excellency to the House of Peers as Duke of Aumarle 
* See Heylin Suru. France Seel blane French. Nob. , Earl of Torrington, Lord Monk of Potheridge, Beauchamp, etc. Knight of the most Honourable order of the Garter, etc. honours that others indeed have enjoyed, but his Excellency made it his chief business to deserve: and I hope as he hath attained this honour with great actions, he will maintain it with greater until he is gathered to his Father's full of honour and of days, until having seen 1. That Sacr●d Majesty which he was an instrument to re●…ore, established above malice, envy, ambition, rebellion, faction, and treason, by a sage Council, well constituted Parliaments, a well disciplined Army, and Navy, well chosen Officers and Mini●…e●s of State.  
Secondly the subject secured against all encroachments (by a Prince who●e prerogative i● i● that ●e cannot do wrong) in their persons, e●…a●es, lives or liberties, through wholesome, ●…st, and good laws, the Church established 1. Against all Heresy in the fa●th once delivered to the Saints against all schism by the Primitive order, discipline and government.  

See 39 Art. Rogers. Dr. Overal. Dr. Ellis. Bp. Andr●… ibid.  3. Against all profaneness, 1. By a worship in spirit and in truth, 2. decent, 3. in order● 4. to edification, 2. by the power of godliness) his days be swallowed up of eternity, and his honour be exchanged for An eternal weight of Glory.   
FINIS.