A NARRATIVE OF THE SIEGE OF London-Derry: Or, the late Memorable Transactions OF THAT CITY.  
Faithfully Represented, To Rectify the Mistakes, and supply the Omissions of Mr. Walker's Account.  
By JOHN MACKENZIE, Chaplain to a Regiment there during the Siege.  
The most Material Passages relating to other Parts of Ulster and Sligo are also inserted from the Memoirs of such as were chief concerned in them.  
With Allowance.  
LONDON, Printed for the Author, and are to be Sold by Richard Baldwin, in the Old Bailie. 1690.   

THE PREFACE.  
THE small City of London-Derry having been the last Year the Scene of so great and remarkable Actions, 'tis hoped that an impartial Account of 'em will not be unacceptable to the public. Gratitude to Almighty God obliges us to record so many signal Instances of his Power and Goodness in the preservation of that People. And it is no more than Justice to those who either lost or eminently hazarded their Lives in that Cause, to transmit the Memory of those Services by which they have so generously expressed their Zeal for the Protestant Religion, and their affection to the present Government: 'Tis true indeed, an Account of the Siege has been published several Months ago; and had there not been besides several material Mistakes in it, many Passages entirely omitted that were of great Importance to set those Affairs in their true and native light; or had those faults of that account been since fairly corrected instead of being vindicated, it would have superseded my labour in preparing this Narrative for the public view; in the writing whereof I am so far from being conscious to myself of being biased by any affection to a Party, that I have been sparing in representing some matters of fact with all the Advantage they were capable of, lest they should have that aspect.  
I have in this Narrative of Derry inserted the most material passages in other parts of Ulster (except Inniskillin, of which a distinct Account has been given by another hand) and of Sligo, from the Memoirs of some Persons of Quality, and others that were Actors in 'em; A piece of Justice due to the Nobility and Gentry in those parts, who with so great expense of their Fortunes, and some of 'em with no less hazard of their Lives endeavoured the preservation of their Country: For by this Account the Reader may see, they did all that could be expected from them, and the chief Causes to which their ill success must be ascribed, were their too great confidence in Colonel Lundy's Promises and Conduct, and their too early expectations of Relief from England. And the behaviour of those of them that stayed in Derry, and made up almost the whole of that Garrison, is sufficient to put that reproach of Cowardice out of Countenance, which some (out of design to exclude them from being employed in the Reduction of Ireland) have been so industrious to load them with: I have added in the end his Majesty's Letters and Instructions, because they so fully manifest his Royal Care and Concern for the preservation, not only of Derry, but of the whole Kingdom.  
In the Account of the Siege itself, I have not only compared others Diaries with what I was an eye-witness of, but for fuller satisfaction offered this part of the Narrative to be reviewed by such of the Officers of Derry as are now in Town; several of whom, as Colonel Crofton, Colonel Murray, Lieutenant Colonel Blair, Captain Alexander Sanderson, etc. having heard it read in the presence of Sir Arthur Rawden, Sir Arthur Langford, Colonel Upton and several other Gentlemen, and being desired upon every material paragraph to object against any thing either misrepresented or omitted in the relation, freely professed their assent to it: and Dr. Walker was acquainted with the Design of publishing it some time before he left the Town.  
I foresee indeed that some who are concerned may be offended with several Passages that seem to reflect on some particular Persons, especially Coll. L—, Dr. W—, and M. G. K—; to which I need only say, That as I have mentioned nothing relating to 'em but Matters of Fact, that are capable of all the Demonstration that can be reasonably expected, so this Narrative would have been palpably imperfect and defective without 'em. What is said of Coll. L—, is no more than what was necessary to vindicate the Forces at Clady from the imputation of Cowardice, with which he endeavoured to palliate his own Conduct, to give the true Reason why the chief Officers left the place, and to justify the Multitude in casting off his Authority, when they saw him resolved on giving up the Town to K. James. I may allege the same as to Dr. W—; it was necessary to take Notice of the Articles against him, because they occasioned that material Change in the Government by the establishment of the Council of 14. And the other Passages were no more than requisite to disabuse the World that had been so grossly imposed on in the ridiculous Attempts used to make not only a chief Governor in the Garrison, but a mighty Hero of that Gentleman, not only in the Account published in his own Name, but in the Papers of others who wrote their Panegyrics upon him. I shall only produce one Instance of this kind out of the Observations printed on Mr. W—'s Account; for among other Links in the Author's Chain of Miracles (as he calls it) this is the sixth: The unanimous Suffrage of the People in electing and constituting Mr. George Walker their Commander in chief, than whom they could not have pitched on a Person more completely adapted to so capricious an Employment, being a Man of exquisite Parts, having a neat dexterity in accommodating the humour of the Rabble, a discreet temper in moderating the diversity of Persuasions, a prudent Managery of the Common Provisions, a vigilant Care in the Order of Guards, Watches and Exercise, and an undaunted Courage in leading 'em on to the most dangerous Erterprises. A very eloquent Paragraph, that gives us the true Idea of a complete Governor; only the Author had done better to bestow it on Dr. W— in some part of the World where he is not yet so well known; for if all the other links in his Chain of Miracles were like this, I am afraid that even in London as well as at Derry it would be mistaken for a small Legend: For he does not seem so much in this Character to have considered what was true, as what would represent his imaginary Governor and General as great and extraordinary. But since Governor Baker has been thus injuriously pilfered of several of his deserved Plumes, and Dr. W— adorned with 'em, it was but common Justice to restore 'em to the right owner. For what M. G. K— did after the Siege, it could not be omitted without disappointing the just expectations of the Reader, to know what treatment the greatest part of that deserving People met with from him, especially when so very different from his Majesty's declared sense of their Services: And the rather because his Carriage since to the Gentry, and other Inhabitants of the North of Ireland, has been but too agreeable to it. And I may justly add, that I have been so far from aggravating these matters beyond just bounds, that I have omitted several things relating to these three Gentlemen, that were not inconsiderable, because not so necessary or pertinent to this Narrative.  
Lest any should think there is on the other hand too much said of some particular Persons, who were active in the Siege, I shall so far prevent that Objection, as to assure the Reader that as there is nothing mentioned concerning 'em, but what they really did, so several things have not been taken notice of, though to their Advantage, because less considerable than what is here related.  
One defect indeed I must acknowledge in this account, viz. That several especially of the Inferior Officers and common Soldiers, did excellent Service, and shown great Courage in the Sallies, whose Names and particular Actions it was impossible for me to recover. But what I could learn, that was most remarkable, I have represented with all the Impartialty I could, having been rather sparing than lavish in the few Characters given of such as were most useful.  
Having said, thus much to Obviate any Cavils against the ensuing Relation, I shall conclude this Preface with a few Reflections on the Contents of it.  
1. The first Attempts of Derry for its own Preservation, were very justifiable.  
There were but too strong grounds to suspect a general Design of the Irish Papists against the British Protestants, and particularly of the Ultoghs who had given the earliest Demonstrations of their cruel Disposition in the Rebellion of 41. and engraven it in the most bloody Characters; Of what sort of Men the Earl of Antrim's Regiment (designed to Garrison there) was made up, the Narrative gives a short but true Account. And as these Presumptions of their extraordinary danger, were the only Argument that induced a few youths at first to shut the Gates, and the Graver Citizens soon after to concur with them for their own Defence; So the Argument carries that weight and strength with it, that will sufficiently clear 'em from any Imputation of Disloyalty or Sedition, in the Judgement of all that are not Bigots for Unlimited Nonresistance. To assert, that in these Circumstances, they might not justly deny Entrance to the Irish Soldiers, till they had remonstrated their danger to the Government, is in effect to say, they should have taken no measures to prevent their own imminent ruin, but such as were sure to come too late. And perhaps if those Gentlemen that have so freely censured 'em, had been in their Case, their fears would for once have brought 'em into their wits; For whatever passion they seem to have for a Notion they have so long valued themselves upon, as their Shibboleths; I do not see that they are more fond of Slavery and Destruction than other Men, when themselves are in any danger of it. For what they did afterwards in Proclaiming K. William and Q. Marry, and consequently in opposing King Jame's Army, the Example of England, and the dependence that Ireland has on it, sets those Actions above the need of any Apology for 'em.  
2. 'tis not very easy to find a parallel Instance in History, where so great Issues depended on the Defence or Surrender of so small a place.  
Had Derry been Surrendered, the whole Kingdom of Ireland had been entirely lost, and particularly that brave people of Iniskillin (whose resolute Opposition did not a little Contribute to the Preservation of Derry,) had been unavoidably exposed as a Sacrifice to the Fury of the Irish. K. James might have poured so considerable a Force into Scotland, as would not only have embroiled that Kingdom, (for that was done by a few) but in all human probability either overrun it, or at least turned it into a Field of Blood; And how difficult a Task it would have been in those Circumstances to have secured the peace of England, where there were so many dangerous Symptoms of Disaffection among too many, and a strange ferment among all, is too easy to imagine. But the Defence of that place, as it obviated all these dismal Evils, so it has in a great measure blasted all the other designs of the Popish Faction against Britain, and Facilitated the Reduction of Ireland, the very Flower of K. James' Army having Perished, and the Courage of such as Survived Sunk before those Walls.  
3. And yet scarce ever did a People Defend so weak a Place with so invincible Resolution, under greater Discouragements.  
The English Forces sent for their Assistance upon Colonel Lundy's Representing the condition of the Town as desperate, returned, and all their principal Officers perceiving how Affairs were managed, came with them. After which Colonel Lundy and his Council were only Solicitors to make the best Terms they could for themselves: When their Authority was broke by the Threats of those whom they called the Rabble, there was scarce a Man left of any considerable Reputation for Experience or Conduct in Military Affairs. They had too great reason given 'em to fear some Treacherous Friends within, as well as a powerful Enemy without their Gates. They could scarce reasonably expect any assistance from England, when those sent before, had left the place as hopeless: The Ships that came afterwards under the Command of M. G. K. never made any Attempt to come up, when they had no Obstacle but what the Castle of Culmore could give them, and had all the Advantages of Wind and Tide to favour them. (Nor did they make any Essay, till the time we were relieved; notwithstanding the frequent signs we made to them of our Distressed Condition:) And some weeks after their appearance in the Lough, most of them were gone out of our sight, so that we had little hope of Relief by them. And yet though Sickness and Famine then daily swept off great numbers (for 'tis thought no less than ten thousand died during the Siege, besides those that died soon after,) we would not hear of Surrendering, while there was any possibility for the Garrison to Subsist.  
4. The Conduct of Divine Providence, in the preservation of that City deserves our admiration, and thankful acknowledgements.  
Besides what has been already suggested, or is more fully observed in the Relation itself, I may add, That those few Youths should first shut the Gates against the Earl of Antrims Regiment, when not one person of Note in the Town durst openly concur with them: That the Multitude should obstruct the Surrender of it when signed by Colonel Lundy and his Council, after the principal Officers had left it, and resolutely adventure on the defence of it, under so many and great disadvantages, looks like the effect of some extraordinary impulse on their minds. To what can we ascribe it, that in so many Sallies, we should lose so very few men, (not above 80 in all,) and kill so considerable numbers of the Enemy, many more of whom are also reckoned to have died of their Wounds than fell in the Field, and 'tis supposed betwixt 8 and 9000 in all perished during the Siege: That so many Bombs thrown into the Town should do no more mischief, (nay some of them by tearing open the Ground, discovered some concealed Provisions, which put us on searching for more with good success:) That so many thousand Protestants, whom the Enemy had driven to the Walls, should be so soon dismissed again, and the shot we made at them, while at a distance and unknown, only single out their Enemies: To what can we attribute this, but the immediate care and protection of Heaven. And that when we were reduced to such desperate Necessities, those two Ships should so boldly attempt, and so successfully (even though the Wind failed them,) effect our relief after the Enemy had made the utmost preparation to oppose them, looks as if the Almighty chose our extemity, and the very difficulties of our deliverance, to enhance the glory of his power in it. The French cruelty in driving so many of our Friends before the Town, confirmed instead of weakening our resolution to maintain it: Those many Protestants that at the beginning of the Siege left the City, and took protection, and even the great numbers that died the last six weeks of the Siege, made those Provisions last the longer, which had they failed sooner, necessity would have forced us to submit to an enraged Enemy, whose Treaties we had so little ground to rely on, and from whom we could expect so little mercy after so obstinate an opposition.  
5. How disingenuous, as well as foolish, have the attempts of some been, to engross the honour of those Actions to a Party. Especially when this was done with so gross partiality, as to monopolise it to that party, which though about equal to the other, in the number of Field Officers, yet was far exceeded by the other in the number of inferior Officers, and could not (according to the exactest Computation we could make,) claim above one in 15 of the common Soldiers. I should not have taken the least notice of this, if the palpable misrepresentation in the Ded. Epistle of the former Account renewed in the Vindication of it, had not obliged me to do it.  
6. The Treatment that people met with from M. G. K. seems very hard and unaccountable: But on this and the former Remark, 'tis needless to enlarge: For where things so plainly speak themselves, 'tis but officious impertinence to make any tedious comments upon them.  
Several circumstances have concurred to delay the publication of this Narrative; I saw not Dr. W's Account till December, and could not come hither before the end of January, and have since spent same time in waiting for Papers, and consulting such as were capable of giving me any further information.  
If I have omitted the mentioning of any persons Names, who might have merited well in the Garrison; I declare it is not done of design, but for want of just information.   

THE CONTENTS.  
THe Transactions of the City of Derry, from the shutting of the Gates, till the Descent of the Irish Army, from page 1. to page 10.  
The affairs of the other parts of Ulster, and of Sligo, from p. 10. to p. 21.  
What passed at Derry, from the Retreat of the British Forces, from Colerain thither, till the time that King James' Army appeared before the Town, from p. 21. to p. 27.  
The change of the Government in Derry, from p. 27. to p. 31.  
The Siege, from p. 31. to p. 46.  
The New-Establishment, by Major General Kirk, p. 46, 47.  
The Papers referred to in the Narrative, from p. 47. to the end.   

ADVERTISEMENT.  
THe Vindication of Mr. Alexander Osborn from the Aspersions cast upon him in Mr. Walker 's Account of the Siege of Derry: written by Mr. J. Boyse, and Sold by J. Laurence, and J. Dunton, in the Poultry.   

THE LATE Memorable Transactions OF THE CITY OF London-Derry, etc.  
THe noise of the Prince of Orange's intended descent into England in Autumn, 1688. and the Preparations made in Holland for that purpose, extremely alarmed the late K. James: He to strengthen himself the more effectually against this expected Invasion, commanded over from Ireland several Regiments of the standing Forces there, who were by that time so modelled, that they consisted almost entirely of Irish Papists, and on these he seemed to rely as his surest Friends; a fatal Mistake in his Politics, though all of a piece with those other Measures which his own Inclinations as well as the great Zeal of his Priestridden Cabal suggested to him; for his Army here could not bear it, to see themselves outrivalled by a Crew of Scullogues in their Prince's Favour, and he could not have brought any Guests into the English Nation more unwelcome to it than Irish Cutthroats. To supply the room of these Regiments in Ireland, the Earl of Tyrconnel, than Lord Deputy, issued out Commissions for levying four New Regiments in the four Provinces of that Kingdom: Of that to be raised in Ulster, the Earl of Antrim (an eminent Papist in the North) was made Colonel; which Regiment (as 'twas commonly reported) he was ordered to have complete and ready about the 20th. of November then ensuing. The Lord Mountjoy's Regiment of Foot (a welldisciplined battalion) was then Garrisoned in and about London-Derry, and their Colonel, several of the Officers, and some of the Soldiers being Protestants, the Inhabitants of that City looked on their being there as a great security to 'em, and dreaded the thoughts of their removal: But the Lord Tyrconnel, either out of design to secure himself the better at Dublin, or (as was said) with an intent to send that Regiment over to England, ordered them to March up from Derry towards Dublin by the 23d. of November. It was expected the Lord of Antrim's Regiment would by that time be in a readiness to succeed them, and Garrison in their stead, but it fell out very happily, that they were not completely raised, till above a fortnight after the Lord Mountjoy's left that City. Some ascribe this delay, partly to a Report then current among the Irish, that the new levied Soldiers were to be all transported for England, to which few of them had any great stomach; (their Countrymen having never made any lucky expeditions thither, and seldom returned back with a whole skin) and therefore they came in but slowly: partly to the curiosity of the Government, in appointing a standard for the Stature of their new levied Soldiers, who were to be all near six foot high; 'tis probable, out of design of having their Army the more uniform, and formidable for their bulk, whatever they were for their Courage.  
But whatever occasioned that delay, it cannot but be owned as a remarkable Providence, that a vacancy so seldom known before, should so strangely happen there in this Juncture. The Lord Mountjoy's Regiment being gone, the care of the City was committed to John Buchanan Deputy Mayor to the Irish Corporation, (a Person of no good Reputation in the Town) who modelled the Town Guards as he thought fit: But the News of this new Regiment of the E. of Antrim's, being intended to quarter there, was very unwelcome to the Inhabitants. They had a certain Account that they were all of them entirely Papists, and many, both of the Officers and Soldiers, the offspring, or near Relations of those who in the Rebellion of 1641. had so deeply embrued their hands in British and Protestant blood: And they had too just reason to believe that these Rake-hells (who were the very scum of the Country) had the hereditary inclinations, as well as the Blood of their Ancestors running in their veins: And their particular aversion to this Regiment was heightened by the apprehensions which they generally had of some mischievous Project hatching among the Irish Papists, against the whole Body of British Protestants. And these fears did not want very probable Grounds to support them; some of which it will not be improper to suggest. Many of their Priests at their ordinary Masses had declared publicly to their People, That they had some great design in hand, which would highly concern them and all their Nation, whereof they should have particular notice, as soon as it was convenient; that 'twas their indispensible duty at the Peril of their Salvation, to do whatever their Priests should direct and enjoin them, requiring 'em in the mean time to buy and furnish themselves with the best Weapons they could. And the stories of this kind told by some of the Irish themselves, gained the more Credit, when it was observed, that generally through the whole Kingdom, not only the Men, but the Women and Boys too began to furnish themselves with skeanes, and half-pikes; it being the great business of the Irish Smiths in the Country to make this sort of Arms for them: These were afterwards called Rapparees, a sort of Irish Vultures that follow their Armies to prey on the spoil. I shall not mention the many bold and threatening Discourses that often dropped from many of 'em, especially when good Liquor had a little warmed their Blood, or upon occasional quarrels: But I must not omit, that as several Consultations of the Irish Clergy were discovered, particularly in the County of Donegal, not far from Derry, where the great Debates were said to arise betwixt the Priests and Friars, about the execution of some great Design; so a particular Sermon preached by a certain Friar in Derry itself to the Popish part of the Garrison in the open Market-house, October 1688. did not a little alarm the Protestants there, some of whom were out of curiosity his hearers. The main subject of his Discourse was about Saul's destroying the Amalekites, where he shown how dangerous it was to spare one of those whom God had devoted to destruction, God having deserted Saul, taken the Kingdom from him, and ruined both him and his Family, for that very reason, as he certainly would all that were guilty of the like disobedience: And that they were obliged always (as then from Samuel) to take their directions from their Clergy as from God, and punctually observe the same at the Peril of their Souls.  
The Application was thought very easy and obvious.  
Some of their Clergy also were observed to buy up Fire-Arms, and procured several Chain-bridles to be made, some whereof were accidentally found and seized by George Phillips, Esq And though the News of the Prince of Orange's landing in England, Nou. 5th. gave the Protestants a reviving Prospect of the happy change of the Government of that Kingdom: Yet it rather increased their fears of their present Danger, because they concluded, if the Irish should make any Attempt while England was in a Combustion, they could expect little relief from thence. But that which made the deepest Impression on 'em was a a Letter dropped at Cumber, Decemb. 3d, in the County of Down, where the E. of Mount-Alexander then resided: The superscription thus— To my Lord, This deliver with haste and care. The Letter was as follows.  
December. 3d. 1688 Good my Lord,  
I Have written to you, to let you know, that all our Irish men through Ireland is sworn, That on the ninth day of this Month, they are all to fall on to Kill and Murder, Man, Wife, and Child: And I desire your Lordship to take care of yourself, and all others that are judged by our men to be Heads, for whosoever of 'em can kill any of you, they are to have a Captain's place: so my desire to your Honour is, to look to yourself, and give other Noblemen warning, and go not out either night or day without a good Guard with you, and let no Irish man come near you, whatsoever he be: So this is all from him who was your Father's Friend, and is your Friend, and will be, though I dare not be known, as yet, for fear of my Life.  
There was no Subscription, and the ill writing, as well as the style, seemed to argue 'twas penned by one of the meaner sort of the Natives. There were Letters written to others to the same purpose, as Mr. Brown of Lisburn, and Mr. Maitland of hilsborough, besides divers Informations. Whether the first Letter was really intended by some well-meaning Irish man, as a warning, or was a Contrivance, I shall not dispute: But the next day after this Letter was dropped, Sir W. Franklin, Arthur Upton, Esq W. Conningham, Esq and Mr. Tho. Knox, sent an Express to Dublin with Copies of it, not only to alarm the Protestants in that City, but to give 'em the opportunity of communicating the notice of it to all other parts of the Kingdom: (Letters were also dispersed to the Dissenting Ministers of the adjacent Counties to alarm the Country.) And accordingly the Copies of it thus spread thro' the several parts of the Kingdom, (added to the strong presumptions that the forementioned passages gave of such a Design,) frighted a great number of Protestants out of it, especially about Dublin, and other parts that were more entirely under the power of the Irish. The Memory of the miseries of 41 was fresh, and they were loath to trust themselves in the same hands that seemed to have now more power, and better pretence to act those barbarities over again. The Copy of this Letter was sent by Will. Cunningham, Esq from Belfast, enclosed in a Letter of his own to George Canning, Esq (desiring him to send this to Derry with all expedition.) Mr. Canning sent to Alderman Tomkins, a Gentleman meeting with this Messenger, was informed of it, and sent his Information to George Phillips, Esq of Newton Limavad●●, on the 6th of Decem. on which Day a great part of the new Irish Regiment came to Quarter in that Village. Mr. Phillip's late that Night sent a Messenger to the City with what account he had heard of the forementioned letter, and to acquaint them withal, what untoward Guests they were like to have the day following: There being instead of 6 or 8 Companies (as they were called) of Irish and Highlanders above double the number, besides a huge number of Women, and Boys, and what is remarkable, the Messenger came into the Town the next morning, being the 7th of Decem. about the same time that Alderman Tomkins communicated to the City the Copy of the Letter to the Lord Mount-Alexander. This morning early Mr. Phillips sent another Messenger expressing his sense of their danger from so ill a Crew, and advising 'em to take care of their own safety. The Messenger also told 'em that he had left some of the foremost Companies within two miles of the Town, the rest being on their way: These Circumstances concurring, struck a mighty Terror and Consternation into the Protestant Inhabitants: Several Cabals are held in the streets; all were persuaded there was such a design as the forementioned Letter suggests, and they looked on these new levied Men as the most likely Tools for the execution of it. Alderman Tomkins, who brought the Copy of the forementioned Letter, consulted Mr. Gordon a Nonconformist Minister what was expedient to be done, who not only advised to the shutting of the Gates, but wrote that day to several Neighbouring Parishes, to put themselves into a Posture for assisting the City, if there should be occasion for it. There was some muttering among the Mobile about shutting the Gates, which Alderman Tomkins at first privately encouraged: But when he with Alderman Norman, and some others had consulted the Bishop, and found him altogether averse to it, they were unwilling to be concerned: And indeed however divers of those who made some Figure in the Town, wished the thing were done, yet none of them thought fit to be themselves active in it: But in the little Cabals which several of the City Youth had, when they put it to the Question, Whether they should shut the Gates, most of them were inclined to it, so much the rather, because Mr. Gordon had encouraged and incited several of them thereto. By this time about three Companies of the forementioned Regiment were come to the Waterside, with 2 Officers, a Lieutenant, and Ensign. The Officers leaving the men, ferried over, and came to the Deputy Mayor, and Sheriffs, with their Potent: One of the Sheriffs (Mr. Kennedy) suspected the design of these Youths, and intending to quarter the Soldiers that night on the other side the Water, had given 'em a secret hint to be prepared next morning, if they intended to prevent their coming in. But whilst they were about consulting their strength, the Irish Soldiers, having (as is supposed) some intimation of their design, made all the hast they could over, and came to the Landing-place, about 300 yards from Ferry-Gate. The Youth observing this, about 8 or 9 of 'em, (viz. Mr. Henry Campsie, Mr. Will. Crookshanks, Mr. Robert Sherrard, Mr. Dan. Sherrard, Mr. Alexander Irwin, Mr. James Steward, Mr. Robeet Morison, Mr. Alexander Cunningham, Mr. Sam. Hunt, with whom soon joined Mr. James Spike, Mr. John Conningham, Mr. William cairn's, Mr. Samuel Harvy, and several others,) drew their Swords, ran to the main Guard, seized the Keys without any great opposition, and came with 'em to the Ferry-Gate, drew up the Bridge, and locked the Gate, the Irish Soldiers being advanced within 60 yards of it. From thence they went to secure the other 3 Gates, and having placed Guards at each of them, met in the Market: So happily did these resolute Youth's nick the very minute of their design, and upon so seemingly rash and desperate action, did the preservation of that Important place out of the hands of the Irish depend. The greatest events in the Chain of Providence being often so contrived by exquisite Wisdom, as to hang upon the slenderest Links in it. This sudden turn extremely surprised the Graver Citizens of the Town, who though loath enough the Irish Soldiers should enter in, yet dreaded the Consequences of shutting 'em out: But the Deputy Mayor, the Sheriffs, the 2 Irish Officers, with other Papists, and some Protestants accompanying 'em, came to the Marketplace, and both by Promises and by threats endeavoured to prevail on the Mobile to desist from so rash an enterprise, but all in vain. They had in the mean time sent some to secure the Magazine, which the Mobile perceiving sent a party to seize it; one of whom (viz. Mr. Campsie,) being shot by the Centinel, one Linegar, a reputed Papist, Linegar was seized and sent to Gaol, and the noise of Campsie's being wounded increased both the Number and the Resolution of the Mob. In the mean time the Bishop of Derry, with others came to the Marketplace, and made a speech to the multitude to dissuade them from so inconsiderate an undertaking, wherein he represented to them both the danger of it to themselves, and the unwarrantableness of it, as it was a Disobedience to their Sovereign: But the dangers they saw at present made greater impression on 'em than any feared for the future: And their dull heads could not comprehend how it could be so great a Crime to shut the Gates against those whom they believed sent thither to cut their throats; and they were too much concerned to make good what they had now done, to hear any long harangues about it: The Deputy Mayor also attempted once more to dissuade them, but to no purpose. The Irish Soldiers in the mean time stood at the Gate, fretting at their present disappoi●ment, that they should be forced to wait like Scoundrels, where they hoped to Domineer as Lords, till one Mr. James Morrison a Citizen having in vain warned 'em to be gone, called out aloud, Bring about a Great Gun here●; the very Name whereof sent 'em packing in great haste and fright to their fellows on the other side the Water. Hitherto the Multitude acted without the least public Countenance from any of considerable Note, or Figure in the Town, till that Afternoon came in David cairn's Esq who having received a full account of what was done, and their inducements thereunto, declared openly his Approbation of it, commending their Courage, and assuring them of his utmost assistance; and thereupon went round the Walls, and to the Gates, encouraging their Guards and Sentinels, and returned to the main Guard again, to show his concurrence with them: He endeavoured also to possess others of Note in the Town, with a just sense of the necessity of taking this course to secure themselves at that dangerous juncture, and several began to appear more openly in the matter, as entertaining the same apprehensions, so as that Night he, Mr. Norman, Mr. Jemmet, Mr. Thomas Moncreiff, Mr. James Lennox, and several others, being come into the Guard-house, upon some discourse there of their inability to defend themselves, without considerable Assistance, wrote to several Gentlemen in the Country, to acquaint 'em with what was done, to represent their common hazard, and the necessity of their Concurrence for their common Defence and Safety: To which Letters they received various Returns, some approving the Action, and promising their Assistance: Others discouraging what they thought so bold an enterprise. Besides these, one Letter came afterwards, directed to Mr. cairn's, from a Nonconformist Minister in Iniskilling, which because it shows how early the Inhabitants of that Town agreed with those of Derry, both in their Resolutions, and the Reasons of 'em, I shall here insert.  
Inniskillin, Decemb. 15. 1688. SIR,  
AFter an Alarm of an intended Massacre, there are two Foot-Companies sent to be quartered in this small place, and though we be deserted by our Magistrates, yet we intent to repulse 'em: You are therefore entreated in this common Cause to look on our Condition, and if we come to be made a leading-Card, sit not still and see us sink. The bearer can more fully inform you of our Condition. The Lord direct and preserve you and us, who intent hurt to none, but sinless self-preservation:  
This from, Yours, etc. Robert Kelso.  
About the same time, the principal Inhabitants of Inniskillin wrote a Letter to the same purpose to their Friends at Derry: (Which see at the end.) Others in the Town wrote to the Government to excuse themselves, and lay the blame on the Mobile. I should add here, that the Potent being more narrowly inspected, was found defective; for 'twas in the body of it to provide Quarters for the Captains hereafter named, and their men, whereas there was no Capt. named at all.  
And thus ended this remarkable 7th. of December.  
Good Guards are kept within and without the Walls that night. And the next day, the 8th. of December, since they wanted both Arms and Ammunition, they broke open the Magazine, and took out thence about 150 Muskets, with some quantity of Match, and one Barrel of Powder, and Bullets proportionable. There was in the Magazine at that time but about 8 or 9 Barrels of Powder in all, and about 2 more in the Town; (2 or 3 of those in the Magazine were not fit for use.) There were but few Arms fixed, and those designed for the Irish Regiment, the rest being about a thousand more were much out of order. The Bishop that day left the Town, and went to Rapho: But the sight of several from the neighbouring Parts of the Country, whom the fear of an intended Massacre drove thither for security; the rumour of a design among the Papists in Town to fire the City; and the rude Carriage of some of the Irish Soldiers in their quarters over the Water, drew many more of the Town to join with the Mob, for their common Preservation. And yet I must add, that when towards the better settling of their Guards, they took an exact Account of all within the Walls able to bear Arms, they did not in all amount to 300, so depopulated was the Town at that time; the Suburbs were not numbered, but it was believed they could not make near so many more. This day the City was cleared of the greatest part of the Papists in it, and a Convent of Dominican Friars packed off. The Earl of Antrim lodged that Night at Newton Limavady, with Mr. Philip's, whom he carried with him next day in his Coach towards Derry, (being the 9th. the fatal day for the expected Massacre.) The Post-Letters that Morning brought the News of the Prince of Denmark, and the Duke of Ormond's, etc. going over to the Prince of Orange, which gave us no small encouragement; and Alderman Tomkins, by the assistance of Mr. Gordon's influence on his People, sent in a considerable number into Town, under the Command of young Mr. Tomkins, as their Captain. For joy of their good News from England, the Gunner was ordered to discharge two of their best Guns, which he accordingly did; this put the Irish Soldiers on the other side of the Water into no small Consternation; about the same time one George Cook, a Butcher, drew up 50 or 60 Boys on the shore at the R●rry-Key, whom the Irish took for Laganeers, (famous for the Victories they obtained over the Rebels in 1641.) soon after Mr. Tomkins and Mr. Gordon appear on a Hill near 'em with about 30 or 40 Horse, having no design of disturbing 'em. But all these Circumstances so unluckily concurring to heighten their fears of some sudden destruction coming on 'em, put 'em on so hasty a flight, that many of their Officers left their Boots, and Soldiers their Coats behind them: Their Colonel, the Earl of Antrim, accompanied by Mr. Philip's, met 'em about a Mile off the Town, and having heard from his men a very frightful story, thought fit to send Mr. Philip's into Town before him, to bring him word whether they would admit himself, and who commanded the Town? Mr. Philip's as coming from the Enemy was with some difficulty admitted, under a Guard, but finding he was no way disaffected to the Design, but rather inclined to join with 'em in their own defence, the Guard was taken off; yet upon his desire to Mr. cairn's, who then commanded in Town, that some colour of force might be put upon him in what he did, he was publicly threatened with Confinement if he did not concur with 'em: He was permitted to acquaint the Earl with his being detained there, whom in his Letter he discouraged from coming thither; upon receipt thereof the Earl went back to Colerain, where he endeavoured to rally his scattered Regiment. And the City considering their own Circumstances, to encourage the Gentlemen in the Country, whose aid they expected, and to engage Mr. Philip's the more to their Interest, with Mr. cairn's his concurrence, bestowed on him the Title of their Governor, which he accepted.  
In the mean time it was thought expedient to write up to the Lord Mountjoy then at Dublin, (in whose friendship they had great Confidence) some account of what had passed, that he might interpose with the Lord Tyrconnel on their behalf, and do his utmost to allay his resentments; and accordingly they sent his Lordship a Letter, (which because it confirms the foregoing Relation, I have annexed at the end) expecting that he would communicate it to the Lord Deputy.  
On the 10th. Captain Forward, and Mr. William Stewart brought about 2 or 300 Horse into the City, and Mr. John Cowan of St. John's Town a Company of Foot, which they offered to our Service. But finding the need not only of more Men, but chief of Arms and Ammunition, the City unanimously chose David cairn's, Esq to send over as their Agent to England, giving him a large Letter of Credence, and full Instructions under the hands and seals of the chief then in Town. He had with him also a Letter to the Society in London, which I have in the end inserted; a private Key was also contrived to hold Correspondence with 'em.  
This day the Townsmen were formed into six Companies of Foot, under the Command of 

I. Captain Samuel Norman. 

Lieutenant William Crooksbanks.  
Ensign Alexander Irwin.    
II. Captain Alexander Leckey. 

Lieutenant James Lennox.  
Ensign John Harvey.    
III. Captain Matthew Cacken. 

Lieutenant Henry L●ng.  
Ensign Francis Hunt.    
iv Capain Warham Jemmet. 

Lieutenant Robert Morison.  
Ensign Daniel Sherrard.    
V Captain John Tomkins. 

Lieutenant James Spaight.  
Ensign Alexander Coningham.    
VI Capt. Thomas Moncreiff. 

Lieutenant James Morison.  
Ensign William Mackee.      
December the 11th. Mr. cairn's went for London The same day Governor Philip's went to Newtown, and in a few days returned with about 3 or 400 Horse: William Hamilton of Moyagh brought near 200 more, which they tendered to our service.  
Soon after Letters from Dublin inform us that the Lord Tyrconnel had ordered the Lord Mountjoy and Lieutenant Colonel Lundy with six Companies of their Regiment to come down and reduce this City to its former Obedience: But our Friends there cautioned us against the receiving of 'em, and the City was generally averse to it, and yet that their actions might not be misinterpreted, they endeavoured to represent the reasons of 'em in a Declaration, which they Published about this time.— See in the end.  
When the Lord Mountjoy came to Omagh, he sent Captain Mac-Caustand with a Message to this City, desiring two or three of their Number to meet him at Rapho, upon which Captain Norman, and Mr. John Mogredg were sent to hear his Proposals, who at their return gave assurance of his Lordships being fully impower'd to Capitulate, and that he would on the surrender of the Garrison, with our Arms, procure a Free and General Pardon for what was passed, (these Terms our two Envoys did earnestly solicit us to accept, though in vain.) But because these two had no power to Conclude any thing, his Lordship desired there might be Commissioners with full power to treat with him at Mount-Gavelin.  
Accordingly the Governor George Phillip's Esq Captain Alexander Tomkins, Horace Kennedy Esq Lieutenant William Crookshanks, and Lieutenant James Lennox, were empowered by the City to treat and conclude, who after a full hearing of his Lordship's Proposals, would comply on no other Terms than the getting a Protestant Garrison, and liberty to keep their Watches and Arms as formerly, as also a free and General Pardon under the Great Seal, which his Lordship declared he could not grant, and so they parted without any Conclusion, his Lordship then saying, he would next Morning come to the Gates and demand Entrance. They returning with the report of these passages, we began to examine again the Stores of Ammunition, and found only six Barrels of Powder, a few Arms unfixed, and most of the Guns unmounted for want of Carriages. Soon after his Lordship appears at the Bishopsgate, where for some time he was made to stand, (upon a warm debate within, whether he should be admitted.) At length out of respect to his Lordship, he was suffered to enter, who being very importunate for an Accommodation; there were Eleven persons of the City and Country appointed to treat with him, viz. George Phillip's Governor, Horace Kennedy Esq Captain Alexander Lecky, Captain Warham Jemmet, Captain John Forward, Captain George Canning, Lieutenant Henry Long, Lieutenant James Lennox, William Coningham, Esq and James Steward: His Lordship after some debate, that he might prevent any more Forces coming down upon us, was at last prevailed on to agree to such Articles as the City proposed, which Articles are annexed in the end.  
Upon the Perfection of these Articles, his Lordship for our better Satisfaction ordered Leiutenant Colonel Lundy to repair to Strabane, there to stop his six Companies, till the full Moiety being Papists were turned off, and some Officers of the City were sent to see it done, and Protestants inlisted in their stead. Yet there were but two Companies (all Protestants,) under Command of Leiutenant Colonel Lundy, and Captain Stewart, received at first into the City. The other four consisting of one half Papists, were ordered to quarter at Strabane, Newton, Stewart and Rapho, till throughly reformed; Which so fully satisfied us, that the Protestant Interest would be much strengthened, by the interposition of the Lord Mountjoy, that our Governor freely resigned his charge to him, and we all resolved to follow his orders and directions. Accordingly his Lordship hearty Concurred with the Citizens, advised 'em to repair the Carriages of the Guns, fix the old Arms that lay in the Stores, and every thing else that might be found necessary for the preservation of the City. Whereupon there was a meeting in the Guild-hall, of all the Inhabitants in orto the Levying of Moneys for that purpose. And a voluntary Subscription being there made (about 100 l.) a select number was chosen to dispose thereof, as also to regulate the Concerns of the City, viz. Samuel Norman Alderman, Alexander Lecky Alderman, Matthew Cocken Alderman, Horace Kennedy Sheriff, Mr. Francis Nevil, Mr. Frederick Coningham, and Mr. James Lennox, to whom Mr. John Mogredg was Secretary, The Lord Massareene also some time after freely Contributed a considerable sum of Money towards the defence of the place. They studied all possible means for the preservation and safety of the City and Country; and since they still apprehended a Desscent of the Irish, they kept up a good Correspondence with the Neighbouring Counties in what concerned their Common Interest. And that our Friends in the Country might be encouraged with a speedy supply of Powder and Arms; Money was freely advanced (by Horace Kennedy Esq Edw. and Brooks Esq Lieutenant Henry Long, Will. Crook shanks Ensign, William Mackee Ensign, John Harvey Ensign, Francis Hunt, Alexander Gordon, Hugh Davey, and William Maxwell, Merchants,) and sent with James Hamilton Merchant to Scotland to buy Powder and Arms. He could procure no more than 42 Barrels of Powder, which (except 10 left in the County of Down,) happily came and was secured in the Magazine: Being also informed that a small Bark which was sent from Dublin, with 30 Barrels of Powder for the Earl of Antrim, lay Wind-bound at Killagh in the County of Down, there were persons appointed to seize and bring the same about for our use; who did so, and leaving a share in some trusty hands for the Country's Service, brought the remainder being about 20 Barrels to this City. But all being too small a quantity, pressing Letters were dispatched to our Agent at London, to solicit their Majesties for Succours.  
The Lord Mountjoy is sent for to Dublin, by the Lord Tyrconnell: His Friends here all dissuade him from going up. But the advice of some in Dublin prevailed more upon him: Upon his Coming there, it was proposed to him by the Lord Tyrconnell that he should go with Lord Chief Baron Rice, on a Message to King James in France to desire leave of Treating with England for that Kingdom: upon which he procured the following Articles on our behalf to be perfected, a Copy of which he sent down to the North, with the ensuing Letter, which I shall here add, because it discovers how miserably he, as well as many other well meaning Gentlemen were imposed upon by Tyrconnel; who though he was sufficiently afraid of the Issue of things, yet was doing all he could by the increase of his new Levies to defend King James his interest there, even while he pretended to others, that he was ready to surrender the Sword to any Commissioned to receive it. And this Intreigue of sending to King James is said to be the Contrivance of Rice and Neagle, to amuse and divert others of the Popish Party in the Council, whose fears inclined 'em to an earlier submission.  

January 10th. 1688/9.  
Until his Majesty's pleasure be further known, it is humbly proposed to your Excellency,  
1st. That no more Levies be made in this Kingdom; no more Arms given out, nor no Commissions signed.  
2d. That all the new raised Forces be kept in their present Quarters, (if no Enemy lands here, and that the Kingdom is quiet,) and that no more Troops be commanded into Ulster than are at present there.  
3d. That no Nobleman, Gentleman, Officer, or common Man in the Kingdom, shall be imprisoned, seized, or in any wise molested for any tumultuous Meetings, arming of Men, forming of Troops, or attempting any thing that may be called Riotous or Rebellious before this present day.  
4th. That no private Gentleman's House shall be made a Garrison, or Soldiers quartered in it.   

Dublin, January 10th. 88/9.  
YOu have had an Account how long I stopped on the way after I left you, and the Reasons which made me since come forward, and whatever my Jealousies were at my first Arrival, I am now fully satisfied with my coming, and with God's Blessing hope it will come to good to us all. As soon as I saw my Lord Deputy, he told me he intended to send me to the King, jointly with the Lord Chief Baron, to lay before him the State of the Kingdom, and to tell him, If he pleased he would ruin it for him, and make it a heap of Rubbish; but it was impossible to preserve and make it of use to him; and therefore to desire his leave to Treat for it. The Objections I made to this were two, My being not so well qualified for this, as another Roman Catholic, one to whom in all likelihood the King would sooner give Credit, and the Improbability of being able to persuade the King, who is now in the French hands, to a thing that is so plainly against their Interest. To the first of these I was answered what is not fit for me to repeat; and the other was so well answered, that all the most knowing English men here are satisfied with it, and have desired me to undertake this matter, which I have done this Afteenoon: My Lord Deputy having first promised me upon his Word and Honour to perform the four particulars in the enclosed Paper. Now because a thing of this nature, cannot be done without being censured by some, who perhaps would be sorry to have their Wishes by quiet means, and by others who think that all that Statesmen do are tricks, and that there is no sincerity among them; I would have such consider that it is more probable, I, and the most intelligent men in this place, without whose advice I do nothing, should judge righter of this, than they who are at a greater distance, and it is not likely we should be fooled: So I hope they will not believe we design to betray them, ourselves, and our Nation. I am Morally assured, this must do our work without Blood, or the misery of the Kingdom: I am sure it is the way proposed in England, who depend so on it, that no Forces are appointed to come hither; and I am sure what I do, is not only what will be approved of in England, but what has its beginning from thence: I do therefore conjure you to give your Friends and mine this Account, and for the love of God keep them from any Disorder or Mischief, if any had such a Design, which I hope they had not, I shall write to this effect to some other parts, and I desire you would let such in your County as you think fit, see this; let the People fall to their Labour, and think themselves in less Danger than they believed.   
His Lordship went soon after together with Chief Baron Rice to France, where instead of obtaining an Order for the Irish to lay down their Arms, he was made a Prisoner in the Bastile.  
The Lord Tyrconnel designing to muster up all his strength against us, order's Lieutenant Colonel Lundy to send up the four Companies which were not brought into the City, as well as the other two: But rather than lose so many good Arms, we were induced to receive 'em; and having well purged 'em of Papists, we unanimously concur and keep our joynt-Guards by detachments out of these 6 Companies, and our own 6 Town-Companies; which the Lord Tyrconnel being advertised of, issues a Proclamation to all parts of the North, discharging the British therein from assembling together, by way of Troops and Companies, etc. But the Protestants were too sensible of the necessity of defending themselves, to pay any great Deference to such a Proclamation: And particularly at Derry, they went on with their preparations for their own Safety, having been early encouraged thereto by the Nobility and Gentry of the Counties of Down and Antrim, (who by a Message sent 'em by Will. Conningham, Esq declared their Approbation of what they had done, and assured 'em of their utmost Assistance:) But they were not altogether pleased with Lundy's management of Affairs. He had against the mind of the Committee for the City, chose Mr. Norman Lieutenant Colonel, and one Hill Major to his Regiment. He soon after discharged the City Companies from keeping their Guards, and refused 'em Ammunition: And when upon complaint made, he restored 'em, he would but allow one City Officer to the Guards, and endeavoured to bring 'em under the Command of his own Officers. These things disgusted the City, but they thought it not a fit time to Contend about 'em.  
Having given this brief Account of what passed at Derry, from the first shutting the Gates, till the Descent of the Irish Army; it will not be improper to give some Relation of the most material passages that happened in other parts of Ulster, before they approached those Walls.  
The News of the Prince of Orange's landing, was very acceptable to the Generality of the Protestants of Ireland, whose success they hoped would soon alter the scene of Affairs in that Kingdom. The Presbyterian Ministers in the Province of Ulster, with several Gentlemen of good Note there, were the first that agreed to send an Address to the Prince: To this end they impowered Mr. Osborn, and Mr. Hamilton, being then at Dublin, to fix on the Person, who sent Dr. Cummin, Decemb. 8th. the purport of the Address (wherein they desired nothing in particular for themselves,) was, To Congratulate his Arrival and Success hitherto in so glorious an Undertaking: To represent the Deplorable Condition of the Protestants in that Kingdom, and particularly in that Province, and beg some speedy Relief, assuring him of their readiness to serve his Interest to the utmost of their Power. All the Miinisters afterwards in behalf of themselves, and their Congregations sent another Congratulatory Address, dated January 22d. by two of their number, Mr. Patrick Adair, and Mr. John Abernethy. The Nobility and Gentry of that Province were universally sensible of the Dangers that then threatened 'em: For besides those mentioned before, they observed that the Lord Tyrconnel was daily issuing out vast numbers of Commissions for levying of Men: That the Colonels were empowered to make up as many Companies as they could: That the Captains were to maintain their own Companies for 3 Months at their own Charge, who were most of 'em so unable to support themselves, that the Lord Tyrconnel ordered they should have their Commissions without paying any fees; and many of 'em were forced to leave 'em in pawn, for what they had already run on the score. They soon saw how such a necessitous Crew were designed to subsist. While they were only Rapparees, they were well versed in the Arts of Thefts and Rapine: And being now listed in the Army, they thought they might practise 'em with some kind of Authority: So that in a Month or two there was scarce a Protestant in most Counties (where the British were not upon their own Defence) that had either any Stock left on their Land, or any Horses in their Stables. And all Complaints of these Villainies met with so little Countenance or redress, that the Lord Deputy seemed to have raised so many swarms of Banditti and Robbers, rather than Soldiers under Discipline, and Commissioned 'em to plunder and ruinated the Country, rather than secure and defend it.  
All this Alarmed the Protestants of the North, who saw their numbers were their only Security against the same Violences being as generally practised among them. They therefore Consulted their own Safety, and ordered strong Guards to be kept: The first Project they fell upon, was the disarming Sir Tho. Newcomen's Regiment, quartered at Belfast, and Lisburn, in order to their making themselves Masters of Carickfergus. Sir Arthur Rawden discoursed and prevailed on several of the Protestant Officers in the Regiment, to concur with 'em in this Design. He had ordered also a considerable party to be ready at the same time for surprising the Irish Garrison at the Newry. The 4th of January was the day for putting it in Execution, the Protestant Guards were advertised of it: Sir Athur Rawden, and Sir John Mac Gill, marched from Moyra at the hour they had appointed, with 500 Horse and Foot: Lieutenants Tubman and Berry took the Guard at Lisburn, Tubman put all the Papists Arms under the Protestant Guard. Captain Obrey of Lisburn, had a small party of Horse ready, and actually seized 25 of the Soldier's Muskets: But when all things were thus ready, and the Execution of this Design, was as they thought, so easy and secure, Sir Arthur Rawden, and Sir John Mac Gill, were met within three miles of Lisburn, by Mr. Hamilton of Tillimore, who came to acquaint 'em that the Gentlemen at Belfast could not do what was desired from 'em; they said they had not notice early enough, (Mr. Hamilton not coming thither before 9 a clock that Night, when the Soldiers were in their Quarters:) They objected the ill consequences might ensue from the doing of it to the Town of Belfast, if they should afterwards fail of securing Carickfergus; and therefore urged the delaying it till they had more fully concerted their measures, and put the Country into a better posture of Defence: Upon this Sir Arthur Rawden, and Sir John Mac Gill, were forced to disperse their men, though not without great reluctancy and regrett at the disappointment. Mr. Ham. of Tillimore, upon his Return thought fit to try Sir Tho. Newcomen (who professed himself a Protestant) to engage him to join with him in their common defence: which discourse so alarmed his suspution, that he put himself on his Guard, barricadoed the streets of Lisburn, sent to the Garrison of Carickfergus to take care of themselves, who upon this Warning sent for the Earl of Antrim's Regiment, and part of Cormack Oneils to strengthen the Garrison. But several of the Protestant Officers in Sir Tho. Newcomens Regiment, with 120 Soldiers deserted, and the Officers sent their Commissions to their Colonel. Sir Tho. Newcomen soon after took his opportunity when most of the Gentlemen in that part of the Country were at Mount Alexander, to march off with his Regiment towards Dublin, and he narrowly escaped being disarmed by the Rabble themselves. The Protestant Nobility and Gentry could not but foresee these proceed would incense the Government, and draw down an Army on 'em as soon as the Lord Tyrconnel could be ready with his new levies: And therefore to be better prepared for what they expected, they agreed to enter into Associations in the several Counties for self-defence against these illegal Outrages. (See in the end.) The Counties of Down and Antrim nominated the Lord Mount Alexander, (and the latter added Mr. Skeffington,) for their Commander in Chief, as those of Ardmagh, and Monagham, did the Lord Blany: Those of Derry, Donegal, and Tyrone, Colonel Lundy, and Major Gustavus Hamilton: They chose Councils or Committees for every County, and appointed a General Council of Union, at hilsborough, for all the associated Counties of Ulster. These Councils or Committees chose the Field Officers, and applied themselves to those Ministers that had the greatest influence on the People for raising their Men. Some of the Gentlemen that raised Regiments, having no public Fund, armed and maintained 'em at their own Charge. The Consult ordered the following Regiments to be raised in Down and Antrim.  
A Regiment of Horse, consisting of twelve Troops, out of both these Counties, the Earl of Mount Alexander Colonel.  
A Regiment of Dragoons, out of the County of Down, Sir Arthur Rawden Colonel.  
A Regiment of Dragoons out of the County of Antrim, Mr. Clotworthy Skeffington Colonel: But this Regiment was not raised, but a Regiment of Foot instead of it.  
Four Regiments of Foot, out of each of the said Counties: in the County of Antrim, Sir William Franklin, Mr. Upton, Mr. Lesley, and Mr. Adair raised each of them a Regiment: There was another in and about Lisburn, designed for Captain Leighton, and 300 Foot were raised by Mr. Edmonston. In the County of Down, Sir John Mac Gill, Sir Robert Colvil, James Hamilton of Tillimore, and James Hamilton of Bangor, Esquires, raised each a Regiment, and Capt. Francis Annesley raised some Horse and Foot.  
The rest of the Counties of Ulster, were equally forward in their levies.  
It was resolved alfo in the General Consult, to send a Gentleman into England with an Address to the then Prince of Orange, and Captain Baldwin Leighton was chosen, who accordingly sailed from Belfast, January the 10th.  
The frontier Garrisons of Down, (being but inconsiderable and unwalled Villages,) were at first maintained by Sir Arthur Rawden, (his Lieutenant Colonel Mr. Hawkins concurring with him) but afterwards the Country contributed to the Expense.  
The Consult had ordered the surprisal of Carickfergus; some Protestants in the Town were acquainted with it, and the design laid, Febr. 21. in the night, 1000 foot march from Belfast towards it, under the Command of Lieutenant Colonel Bremicham, and Major Baker; but the Wether being bad, and the way tedious, it was clear day before they reached the Town; when they were within a mile of it, Bremicham stopped 'em, on pretence of two passages in a Letter he had from the Lord Mount Alexander, Sir William Franklin, and Mr. Hamilton of Tillimore: The one was, That he should do nothing in Carickfergus, without Mr. Henry Davis' Advice, (who was then in the Town.) The other that they would be with him at the hour of Action. The Garrison thro' this delay, had so much notice of their approach, as enabled 'em to put themselves in some posture of Defence. The Earl of Mount Alexander, Sir Arthur Rawden, and other Gentlemen, came with 4 or 500 Horse, not doubting the success of the Foot, but found the foremost party of 'em, and those on the Walls firing at one another. Mark Talbot, Lieutenant Colonel to the Earl of Antrim, came out to know the reason of this Attempt. He was told the stores of Carickfergus had been always under a Protestant Governor: That being now in other hands, they came to demand it for the Prince of Orange, especially to prevent the Insolences and Robberies of the Soldiers: They also offered terms to the Garrison, which Talbot promised to acquaint the Earl of Antrim with: Upon his return it was agreed, That Colonel Cormack Oneal, who had then his Regiment in Town, should disband it, and lay down his Commission; and he and they having Protections to return to their several dwellings: That the Garrison should be kept by a few of the Earl of Antrim's Regiment, who should never have above a week's Provisions at once: That the Protestants in Town should have a Guard as well as the Papists, of equal number, without any disturbance from the Castle: That the value of what had been plundered, should be restored: That all Letters from the Papists to Dublin, should be sent open to the Consult at hilsborough, and particularly such a Letter sent from the Earl of Antrim, and Cormack O Neal, by one of their number, to give the Lord Tyrconnel an Account of that Affair as he Protestants should approve of. A Letter was accordingly sent, signed by both sides, but Friar O Haggerty was (upon Mr. Randal Brice's Recommendation) suffered to be the Bearer, who understood as much as any in the Garrison could dictate to him, and gave the Lord Tyrconnel the following (too true). Account of the Condition of the North, viz. [That they were untrained, and had few experienced Officers: That the most part were without Arms, and such as had 'em, their Arms were unfixt and unfit for service. They were very much scattered, and their number not near what had been written, and was confidently reported in Dublin, that they wanted all Ammunition, and necessary Provisions for appearing in the Field.] The Lord Tyrconnel (who had deferred for 20 days to send down his Army, after it had been first agreed on in Council) upon this Information resolved to dispatch the most Considerable and best trained part of it, under the Command of Lieutenant General Hamilton.  
From the 23d. of February, to the 11th. of March, several Skirmishes happened between the Irish Garrison at Newry, or the Rapparees, and the Frontier Garrisons of the North. The latter being frequently employed to rescue Preys of  which those Ravenous Beasts seized and endeavoured to carry away.  
Two Letters from Dublin, one of the 22d. the other of the 25th. of February, arrived in the North, one giving an account of the preparations making against 'em at Dublin, the other relating the disarming the Protestants there. But their confident expectation of Succours from England, and their conceit of Tyrconnels fears, made them too slow in their measures. They did indeed send to C. Lundy at Derry, to bring down what he could spare of the Forces of Derry, Tyrone, and Donnegal to their assistance, and offered him the Command of their whole Army. C. Lundy promised to bring with him 1000 men well appointed out of each of the three Counties, with a train of Artillery, and to be with 'em on a certain day, which was about a Fortnight before the Descent of the Irish Army. Upon which the Consult ordered Hillsbrough to be stocked with all necessary provisions for an Army: But C. Lundy failed their expectations in this, as he did in every thing else afterwards, that concerned their common safety.  
The 9th. of March, Captain Leighton returned with a Letter, [see in the end] from his Majesty to the Earl of Mount Alexander, to be communicated to the rest of the Nobility and Gentry, approving their endeavours for their own defence, etc. He brought over also Commissions for all the Regiments in the Counties of Antrim, Down, Ardmagh and Monaghan, except two that were not raised when Captain Leighton left the North, and assured 'em of speedy relief, telling them some of the Cannon and Ammunition were shipped, and 15000 men ready at the Waterside, etc. Upon his coming King William and Queen Mary were Proclaimed in the Towns that were in the North-East part of Ulster, (with all the expressions of Duty and Affection, which became their high obligations to their Majesties, as well as their hopes from 'em,) and in some before his Arrival.  
The same day Mr. Osborn arrived at hilsborough with a Message which the Lord Tyrconnel had permitted him to deliver. But the real design of his coming was to prevent their being surprised with the descent of the Irish Army, to give 'em the best information and advice in order to their defence, to which he earnestly urged 'em; a fuller account whereof the Reader may see in his Vindication.  
11th. of March, the Irish Army came to Newry, Sir Arthur Rawden being then at Loch-bricklan, sent to the Consult for more Forces to defend that place: But being that Night informed that the whole Irish Army would be there next Morning, and the Consult acquainting him that they had no Forces ready to be sent, and advising him to retire to Dromore, he ordered the inhabitants that Night to pack up their Goods, sent his Foot to Guard them, and with his Horse secured their retreat. The Inhabitants went on to Belfast and the Sea Coasts.  
12th. of March, the Garrison at Rathfryland, with the Inhabitants abandoned the place, and came to Dromore, and that Night the Irish Army came to Loch-bricklan. This day Cap. Hugh Mac-Gill brought his Troop of 80 Dragoons from the Ardes to Dromore; Sir Arthur Rawden sent to Hillsbrough for an 100 good Musketeers, but they came not, nor the other Forces expected from other parts.  
13th. of March, the Irish Army Marched towards Dromore. This Night Major Baker brought four Companies of Foot to Dromore, but very ill Armed: The Officers put what Horse and Foot they had into the best posture they could, and sent to Hillsbrough for Powder and Arms.  
14th. of March, the Express returned with some Powder, but the Bullets were unsuitable to their unsizable Arms. The Express also brought Sir Arthur Rawden order to retire next Night with his Men to Hillsbrough. Upon which they resolved to quit the Town, expecting that the rest of the Forces of Down and Antrim would be that Night at Lisburn, and advance from thence the next day to Hillsbrough.  
The same day the Presbiterian Ministers appeared before the Consult with the Proposals mentioned in Mr. Osborns Vindication, and the Country was summoned to appear the 19th, at Blarismore.  
One of the Scouts acquaints the Officers at Dromore, that about two Troops of Irish Horse were marching towards the Town, upon which the Horse and Dragoons were drawn up in the Street; the four Companies of Foot were also drawn up at the entry of the Town. The Horse and Dragoons went on and faced a party of the Enemy, till they discovered the whole Body of the Irish Army coming on them, and having no strength capable to oppose them, their Foot went off, and their Horse endeavoured to make good their retreat: Some few of the Horse and Dragoons, and some of the Country people that were carrying off their Goods, were killed.  
The same day the Lord Mount Alexander, Colonel Upton, and Mr. Hamilton of Tillimore, upon advice hereof, got together what Horse they could at Hillsbrough, (which were not many,) and were marching out of Town to assist those of Dromore, when they met their foremost party on their retreat, they rallied as many as they could of that flying party, sent to Lisburn for the Forces that were there to the number of near 4000 Sir Arthur Rawden Road thither to hasten them up, but the precipitant motion of the Irish Army struck such a Terror into the people who were but ill armed, that few would stay at Hillsbrough, so that they were forced to leave it to the Irish, who seized the Provisions and the little Ammunition laid up there, besides the Papers of the Consult. Most of the Forces also at Lisburn shrunk and stole away; their Leaders in this confusion could not agree on any post thereabouts which they were able to defend against a well appointed Army; their hopes of speedy assistance from the other Counties, as well as from England were frustrated, and so they resolved upon shifting for themselves. All the Gentlemen of the Lower parts of the County of Down, (except Captain Hugh Mac-Gill and his Brother,) endeavoured to transport themselves. Others resolved to stay and defend their Country to the last extremity, as Sir Arthur Rawden and most of his Regiment; part of Sir John Mac-Gills Regiment, under the Command of Lieutenant Colonel Whitney: Part of Sir William Franklins, under the Command of Major Tubman: Colonel Arthur Upton with part of his Regiment, Colonel Adairs Regiment, under the Command of Colonel Edmonston, Major Stroud with his own Troop, Captain Clotworthy Upton with his Troop, being one of the Earl of Mount Alexander's Regiment: One Troop of Belfast, Commanded by Captain White. All these Forces being about 4000 in number, marched to Colerain, the rest either removed into England, or took Protections from the Irish, but all the Colonels went either to Derry, or out of the Kingdom, except Colonel Lesley, who chose rather to take Protection; and helped to Victual the Irish Camp before Derry.  
Of the Garrison of Dungannon, I need give only this short Relation: Dungannon in the County of Tyrone, being in great danger from the Irish Garrison in Charlemont, (that had above 30 Companies in it,) the defence of it by a good Garrison was thought very necessary. And accordingly the Counties of Tyrone, Derry, and Donegall, sent in several Troops and Companies by turns, which were maintained partly by the Country, partly by their Officers. About the 11th. of February, the Irish gathered together in great Numbers near Stewarts Town and Gleno. Colonel Stewart Commanded a detached party of our men (about 24. some of Captain Stewart of Killemonts' Troop, and some Foot) to go and view them, who killed some of the Irish, and took 13 or 14 Prisoners. Soon after, a considerable party of the Forces of Charlemont, joined with othey Irish of the Country near Benburb: A party of our men both Foot and Horse, beat them off, and took a prey of  from them, as they did several afterwards. Colonel Lundy about the 14th. of March, sent his Orders to Colonel Stewart to quit the Town, which accordingly he did, though against the opinion of most of the Officers. Nor was there any care taken to carry off that great quantity of Provisions, which the Country about had sent in, so that they fell into the Enemy's hands. About the 16th. or 17th. of March, some of the Garrison marched towards Colerain, others towards Derry, as Mr. Walker and his Company, etc. The 11th. a party of our men beat off a party of the Irish, who had taken up the pass at Toam.  
Of the Forces raised by the Lord Blaney, I shall give the Reader a brief account out of a Memoir of his own.  
Being chosen by the Counties of Armagh, and Monaghan, to Command all the Forces raised, and to be raised for the Protestant Service there, after the disarming the Irish Dragoons at Armagh, I posted myself there, and at a general Rendezvouz of the Inhabitants of the County, found their number to be about 1800 men, indifferently well armed.  
There was at this time at the Fort of Charlemont, which is within 5 Miles of the Town, near 3000 of the Enemy, who were very insolent, upon the account they received of an Armies being sent from Dublin, to reduce the Northern Rebels (as they called us) to Obedience.  
This made them for a fortnight together attempt the Plundering all the Protestants Houses near the Town, and being obliged to defend 'em, several Skirmishes happened between our Parties, the Protestants always prevailing; insomuch that considerable numbers of the Enemy were every day killed, and we only suffered the loss of one Man.  
Thus it continued till Wednesday the 13th. of March, at which time I heard that my own House at Mona●●an was taken by the Irish, that all the Forces of the County were retreated to Glasslough, and besieged there by the Enemy: Sir Nicholas Atchison came the same day from the North, and informed me that Sir Arthur Rawden had quitted Lough Brickland, and that the Irish Army under the Conduct of Lieutenant General Hamilton had possessed themselves of that place. A Council of War was then called of all the Officers in the Town, where it was resolved that we should the next day March towards the relief of those which were besieged at Glasslough, and if we could bring off the Protestant Party there, we should March through Dungannon to Toam, and so to Antrim, to join with our Friends there. The same day a Party of the Enemy were beat off by the Protestants at Tonragee, and several of 'em killed.  
Of the Affair of Glasslough, I shall beg leave to insert the following Relation from another hand.  
Those of Glasslough having Orders from my Lord Blaney to March towards Antrim, Notice was given to the Country to be there that Night or the next Morning: The Irish having intelligence of it, beset the Roads to Rob 'em; upon which Capt. Ancktall mounted 20 of his Horse, and Capt. Richardson with 7 Files of Foot went out and fell on the Robbers, they killed 6, the rest flying to the Woods and Boggs. Capt. Cole with his Troop of Horse, and 2 Foot Companies, came hither, and it was concluded to March that day: But we were immediately alarmed with the Account of a Body of Irish Foot coming towards us: It was agreed to go out and fight 'em: the Enemy had possessed themselves of an old Danish Fort, within less than half a Mile of the Town. We detached 100 Firelocks, and all the Horse of 2 Troops fit for service: The Enemy who had fired at us while at a great distance, upon our nearer approach, sallied out and fired a Volley at our Men: But Captain Ancktall with his Horse came so suddenly on them, and pursued 'em so close, as they were retreating into the Fort, that the Enemy within seeing several killed, and others trod under the Horse's Feet, threw down their Arms, and betook themselves to their heels: They were about five to one in number, and yet there were (as Mr. Anthony who stayed in the Country told us) 180 of 'em killed, among whom was Colonel Mackennah, 4 Captains, 6 Lieutenants, and 6 Ensigns: We only lost that brave Man Capt. Ancktall, who after the Enemy was routed, was unfortunately shot by a Fellow that lay in a Bush. More of the Enemy had been cut off, if they had not had a Bogg to retreat to: But after this encounter, we had only so much Ammunition left us, as served to Charge our Arms on our March.—  
On Friday the 15th. I heard that the Forces of the Counties of Down and Antrim were broken, and retired to Colerain, upon which Advice I marched thither with 300 Horse and as many Foot, being all that were left me of the 1800 I mentioned before, the others having taken Protection from the Enemy. On the Road between Dungannon and Monimore, I met at Artrea 1000 of the Enemy, who attacked us, but we were so successful as to beat them, and kill 140 of them; all the Country People thereabouts generally fled to Colerain with the Army, except a few. The Gentlemen in the Country in other parts were very active, particularly Sir Francis Hamilton, and Captain Robert Sanderson, in the County of Cavan, who were 2 of the 10 excepted from Pardon in the Lord Tyrconnel's Proclamation.  
Of the Forces raised by the Lord Kingston, I had the following relation from his Lordship.  
On the 4th. of January, 1688. the Gentlemen of the County of Sligo met and associated themselves, and chose the right honourable Robert Lord Baron of Kingston, and the honourable Capt. Chidley Coot, their chief Commanders, and promised Obedience to both or either of them, and then form themselves into Troops and Companies, and furnished their Men with Horses, Arms, Ammunition and Provisions, and ordered frontier Garrisons to be kept, as Grange in the way to Ballyshanny, to hold Correspondence with Derry and the Places adjacent: Garrisons were also put into New-Town and Manor Hamilton, to keep Correspondence with Inniskillin, my Lord Bellimont's House at Killoona, Dr. Leslie's and Mr. Cooper's at Mercury, was the Frontier Garrisons toward the Boil and Ballymoat, to prevent the Incursions of the Irish from those parts. There was also a Garrison at Cottlestown, in the farthest part of the County of Sligo, to observe the Motions of the new-raised Army in the County of Mayo, which was very numerous. Soon after the Bishop of Killalla had quitted his House, there was one Tremble, a Servant to Sir Arthur Gore barbarously Murdered by Capt. Walter Bourk and his Soldiers.  
Coll. Mackdonnel being Garrisoned at boil, and not permitting any of the Protestants to pass with their Goods and Provisions towards the Garrison of Sligo, but ordering all such Goods and Provisions to be seized:— It was thought fit he should be writ to, desiring him to let the Protestants have free Passage to Sligo, as all the Papists had from thence to Boil, Athlone, and other Places, to their Irish Friends, without any molestation from the Garrison of Sligo; but he not performing what was desired, it was resolved that the Lord Kingston, and Captain Chidley Coote, should with a Party of Horse and Foot March to Boil, and demand a free Passage for the Protestants, which the Coll. readily granted, but never performed, though we looked on him as one of the fairest Reputation among the Irish in those parts. It is to be observed, that the Colonel upon the approach of our Party, drew all his Horse, Foot and Dragoons, within the Walls of the Lord Kingston's House and Gardens, though with his old Troops and Rapparees he had at least five to one in and about the place.  
About 5 of our Horse, Commanded by Captain Arthur Cooper, went to view what the Irish designed at Ballimont, then Garrisoned by a Company of Foot, under the Command of Capt. Terence Mac Donogh, he drew 'em up to face our Men; but they firing on 'em, and with the shot of one Blunderbuss killing one, and wounding five more, the Irish threw down their Arms and run to the Castle, our Men pursuing and beating 'em to the Draw-bridge.  
About 5 or 600 shown themselves before Ballintober, Dr. Lesley's House, upon which he drew out about 30 Horse and 40 Foot, upon which the Irish fled to the Bogs.  
During the stay of the Forces at Sligo, frequent Correspondence was kept with Derry, sometimes with Colonel Lundy, and sometimes with the Committee; and at Inniskillin with the Governor of that place, Coll. Gustavus Hamilton. Many Letters came to Sligo, from Coll. Lundy and the Committee, to March the Forces to Derry; it being alleged by them, that if the Northern Forces were conquered, that must fall of course. By this time the Stone-Fort at Sligo was finished, and the Sodd-fort new made up, at the Cost of the Officers, and Labour of the Soldiers.  
Whilst the English were at Sligo, there was an open Market kept, where the Papists as well as the Protestants had the selling and disposing of what Commodities they brought thither: Yet some time before Sligo was quitted, several of the British coming thither, from Tirrearagh, with great store of Meal, Cattle, etc. a party of Irish that were got into an old Castle, belonging to Captain Henry Crofton, (an inveterate Roman Catholic) rob and plundered all the British of their Corn, etc. and made a store of it in the Castle; of which an Account coming to the Lord Kingston, his Lordship immediately sent in the Night Captain William Ormsby, and Captain Francis Gore, with a detached party of men out of every Troop and Company under their Command, and the next Morning before day the Lord Kingston Marched with another party to assist them (if there had been occasion,) but his Lordship met Cornet Charles Nicolson, who gave him an account that our party had got the Castle by setting Fire to the Gate, and smoking the Enemy out, who at first fired very briskly upon our men, yet we lost none:— We found great store of Provisions, of Meal, etc. and seventeen Muskets belonging to the Irish Army, with several half Pikes, Irish Daggers, and Rapparee's Swords; the Protestants had their Corn and Cattle returned 'em, or a Market rate paid them for so much of their Corn as they could spare.  
Several Letters were written from time to time to Colonel Lundy, for a supply of Arms and Ammunition for the Garrison of Sligo, but none could be had; till at last a Ship came to Derry from Scotland with Ammunition, and then Coll. Lundy consented to let Sligo have three Barrels of Powder, and Ballyshanny one, provided five Pounds per Barrel were paid for it; but though a Bill of twenty Pounds was immediately sent for that end, yet none of it ever came to Sligo.  
About the 20th. of March, an Express came to Sligo from Coll. Lundy, to hasten our March with all speed to Derry; which Letter, as all others that came from Coll. Lundy or the Committee, were communicated to all our Officers, but the last Letter that came was mislaid by Capt. Coote; and on the same day a Council of War (if then it might be so termed) was called, and a speedy March to Derry was Voted, by the Officers who had no Commission to make 'em so, but such as the Gentlemen they had chosen for their chief had given 'em: The Names of the Subscribers of that Council were, (as follows) Major Owen Vaughan, Major Thomas Hart, Captain Hugh Morgan, Captain Piercy Gethins, Captain Edward Woods, Captain William Ormesby, Captain William Smith, Captain William Griffith, Lieutenant Richard Brook, Lieutenant Adam Ormesby, and Cornet Oliver Brookes.  
On the 21st. being the next day following, the Council was called again, where it was hotly pressed and Voted to march Northward, and accordingly all things were prepared against the next day, and then a March began; the Foot, Baggage, with some Horse in the rear, Marched out early in the Morning, the rest attending the Lord Kingston till they had broke the Trunnions, and nailed the heavier Guns, and sent off the smallest by Boat, and staved all the rest they could find; but those sent away were put into an Island by storm, which next day were taken by the Irish, by help of some Boats that were concealed by them.  
On the 24th. the Forces with Bag and Baggage arrived safe at Ballyshanny, Lieut. Coll. connel farrel was ordered to hinder and oppose us with 180 Firelocks from boil, with the Dartry-Irish, to the number of four or five hundred, who attempted the breaking down of Bondrons-bridg, which they quitted upon the approach of about fifty of our Horse, and took the Bogs, and never opposed us in one Pass, though there were many dangerous ones, wherein a few might hinder the Passage of a great many, had they had Courage to do it.  
Either on the way, or at Ballyshanny, a Letter came to the Lord Kingston from the Committee at Derry, with Orders (as they said) from Coll. Lundy to stay at Ballyshanny, and keep the Passes on the Earn Water, (which was obeyed, he having his present Majesty's Commission.)  
The Garrison of Ballyshanny, under the Command of Capt. Folliot, was now reinforced, and the Ferry-boat of that place sunk, and the Lord Folliot's House, with other Houses on Connaught-side the Water were burnt, to prevent the Enemy's sheltering themselves therein, and from thence annoying us with their shot, and one Arch more of Balleek-bridge was pulled down, part being so served by Sir James Caldwell before, and a Garrison left there under the Command of Major Vaughan, and Lieut. Arthur Cooper, and another Garrison left at Mulick, being the House of Lieut. Walter Johnson, under the Command of Capt. William Smith, Capt. Francis King, and Lieut. Toby Mulloy, to observe and guard a Ford at the mouth of Lough-Earn: and at the same time another Party was ordered to keep the Castle and Town of Dunnegal, being Commanded by Capt. Francis Gore, and Capt. Edward Woods. During the time of the Lord Kingston and his Party's being at Ballyshanny and the Places before mentioned, there came several Expresses, inviting the Lord Kingston with Eighty of his choicest Horse and three Hundred Foot to Derry, with Promises of Provision should be made for 'em: But the Party having been all along together, they were all of 'em against breaking, till something should happen, by which they might show their Zeal to his present Majesty's service and the Protestant Religion; and accordingly stayed there till a Letter came to the Lord Kingston, signed at a Council of War at Derry, April the 13th. Ordering the Forces under his Command, as well as all others to be at Clady, Lifford, and Long Causey, or the places near to 'em, on Monday the 15th of April, by 10 a clock in the Morning. This Letter came not to the Lord Kingston till the 14th of April, at ten a Clock that Night, and the nearest of his Forces were 30 miles from the place of Rendezvouz. Upon this the Lord Kingston called a Council of War, wherein it was concluded, That though it was impossible for the Lord Kingston and his Party to be at any of the Places abovementioned, in twice the time limited; yet the Lord Kingston himself, with ten or twelve Horse, should the next Morning go towards Derry, to see how matters were, and to give Directions accordingly to his Party: Very early the next Morning his Lordship went, but when his Lordship came to Strannor-lane, within five miles of Rapho, his Lordship met with several of the British running from Cladyford, who gave his Lordship an Account, that the British were fled with Coll. Lundy into Derry, and the Irish were got to Rapho, between his Lordship and that place; whereupon his Lordship hastened back to Dunegal, and sent an Express with orders for the Horse, to secure themselves in Iniskilling, and the Foot at Dunegal, Ballishany, and other places: And then the Lord Kingston with some of his Officers, went to Killibeggs, and took Shipping, and were put into Scotland, from whence his Lordship hastened to give his Majesty an Account of Affairs, hoping to have made a quick return to his Party, with his Majesty's Commissions and Orders.  
So unhappily were the designs of that Noble Lord, (who inherits the Courage as well as the Honour of his Father,) for the preservation of that part of the Country, which he prosecuted with extraordinary Zeal and Resolution, frustrated by the confused, but peremptory Orders which he received from Colonel Lundy.  
What happened of moment from the time of the Forces of Antrim fleeing to Colerain, to the time of their deserting, I shall extract out of a Diary of Sir Arthur Rawdea's, only the Relation of what passed at Bartglenoan, was drawn up by another hand.  


March 1689.  

Friday 15th.  
The Forces of the North-east parts of Ulster, came to Colerain, of which immediate notice was sent to Colonel Lundy, then at Derry.   

Saturday, 16th.  
The next day several; of the North-east Officers went to see Colonel Lundy, to advise what measures should be taken, and met with Colonel Lundy, about two or three miles from Newton Limavady, and turned back with Colonel Lundy, and Colonel Gustavus Hamilton to Colerain: Colonel Lundy said that he could not spare Ammunition to defend Colerain, and therefore thought it it adviseable to quit the Town as soon as it should be attacked, for he said he had not forty Barrels of Powder, but assured us he had Provision to hold out a Year: And further added, that he would take care to bring all the stacks of Corn and Hay into Derry, which were then in great numbers on the Road, but never did it.  
The Commonalty at Colerain suspected Colonel Lundy, and when he was going towards the Bridge, to view the Town, they imagined he was going away, and drew up the Bridge, and the Guard presented their Muskets and Pikes at him.  
It was concluded, That because there was much to do at Derry, to fortify and provide it with Stores, that Colonel Lundy should remain in Derry, and Colonel Gustavus Hamilton manage the Field, he having been chosen Governor of the County of Donegal before.   

Monday 18th.  
Lieutenant Colonel Whitney was ordered to be upon the Guard, with his men at the Bridge of Colerain, fearing lest the Townsmen should again draw up their Bridge to hinder Lundy's going away, who that day went to Derry.   

Wednesday 20th.  
It was ordered by the Committee of Derry, that a Ravelin should be built to defend the Bishop's Gate, and Money was ordered for it.  
Several Sums of Money were also raised for the Garrison of Colerain.  
And because it was suspected and given out by some, That in case the Forces were beaten at Colerain, the Town of Derry would not let them into their Gates; a Paper was drawn up by the Committee, and signed by the Chief of the Inhabitants and Officers, both of the Town and Country, being an Agreement to stand together, and secure each other, and this was proclaimed in the Market-house, to the great Satisfaction of all.   

Thursday 21st.  
Captain James Hamilton arrived with 480 Barrels of Powder, Arms and Ammunition, (as was said for 2000 Men) Money, and a Commission to Colonel Lundy to be Governor of Derry.  
The Instructions which Captain Hamilton had, were to summon the Mayor, and all other Officers, Civil and Military, on board him, and there before 'em all to give the Oaths of Fidelity to Coll. Lundy, before he should give him any Arms, etc. But instead thereof, most of the Gentlemen on Board were desired to withdraw, on pretence of Private business: So that if Lundy was sworn, 'twas very privately. And it was much wondered at, that when the Committee of Derry, and the Officers, the next day desired that Lundy might take the Oaths before them all, for their greater satisfaction, he absolutely refused it on pretence of having taken 'em on board the day before. Mr. Charles Hamilton, Mr. William Stewart, and others refnsed 'em; but the Mayor, Sheriffs, Aldermen, and all the Officers were sworn, and the King and Queen were Proclaimed with great Solemnity and Joy, the Bishop being present.  
It was not fully known what Arms or Money came to Derry, nor how disposed of, there being but 30 Muskets given to each Regiment, and though (besides the Money which came over) considerable sums were raised in Town, yet 'twas believed that little of it was disposed for the Public use.   

Sunday 24th.  
Colonel Gustavus Hamilton called a Council of War at Colerain, and represented to the Officers, that the want of Ammunition would make them a prey to the Enemy, and that therefore it were best to quit the Town, and retire to Derry: In the mean time the Enemy appeared with some squadrons of Horse before the Town, which made all repair to the Ramparts, and hindered quitting of the Town, which else had been done; some rambling shot were made at the Enemy, who thereupon retired.   

Monday 25.  
About 2 a Clock in the Morning a fire happened in an outhouse near our Magazine, which made us suspect treachery, and we all got to the Ramparts; but the Fire being extinguished, and no Enemy appearing, all was quieted.   

Wednesday 27th.  
About eight in the Morning, the whole Army, under the Command of Lieutenant General Hamilton, appeared before our Ramparts, and advanced within about 50 yards of them, under shelter and covert of Hedges and Ditches, which Particular Interest had hindered us from throwing down; this was on Blind-gate side; and near the Church, the Mill sheltered them within 40 yards of a Bastion. They raised two Batteries, one of three Guns, which played upon the Bridge, and Blind-gate, their Design being to break down the Bridge, and hinder our escape, they not doubting of making themselves Masters of the Town, and to that end made several shot at the Bridge, and several at Blind-gate; one of which split the upper Beam, and broke the Chain which Captain Archibald Mac Cullogh with great hazard fastened, the Enemy firing very warmly at him. The other Battery did little mischief, but killing one Man, and battering down a few Chimneys, and making a few Breaches in the Church Roof; their Gunner was killed with a Musket shot, by Captain Hugh Mac Gill. About four of the Clock in the Afternoon there fell much Snow, which covered the ground in an instant. About five the Enemy retired in great Confusion, but we (having been forced to block up the Gates with Timber, Earth and Rubbish, which was not to be removed suddenly) could not pursue them, only some of our men leapt over the Ramparts, and took several Prisoners, (particularly one Courney, who went to the Enemy after ●hey came to Derry) with some Arms, Commissions, and Red-Coats, two Tents, etc. We lost but three Men, which is very much, considering the continual firing of the Enemy; what they lost is uncertain, because they carried off their dead; 'twas reported by the Country People, that they burned many of their dead in a House.   

Thursday 28th.  
We foraged within two miles of the Enemy's Camp, and brought in Cattle, etc.   

Friday 29th.  
Sir Arthur Rawdens' Regiment was ordered to go to Monimore, about twenty six miles from Colerain, to oppose Gordon O Neile, who 'twas said was marching towards Colerain with 2000 Men.  
Mr. Skeffington's Regiment was ordered to Ballaghy Dawson's Bridge, and the Passes on the Band above Port-Glenon: One Battalion of that Regiment, under the Command of Lieutenant Colonel Houston, was ordered to keep the Pass at Toam; but because of the floods which overspread the Woods of Creagh, they could seldom get to their Posts, or relieve their Guards: The other part of it under the Command of Major Michelburn, was sent to guard the Pass at Newferry, 4 or 5 miles below Toam, to which there was easier access. Colonel Edmonston was ordered to defend and secure the pass of Port Glenon, by hindering the Enemy's repairing the Bridge, which is 14 Miles from Colerain.  
Colonel Canning's Regiment was also ordered to Maherafelt, and Monimore, Sir John Mac Gills was sent to Killrea, and that part of the Ban; care had been taken before to sink most of the Boats and Cotts on the Ban River. Sir Tristram Berisford's Regiment, with Colonel Francis Hamilton's, and several Detachments, to the number of 3000 Men, were left to defend Colerain. The Protestants at Fagivie, under Command of Captain Blair, beat back some of the Irish who had crossed the River there.    


April, Tuesday 2d.  
We went to Monimore, the Irish quitting it upon our approach, and we got great quantities of Provision in the Country, and saw no Enemy. Colonel Edmonston sent word to Sir Arthur Rawden, that his Men were almost starved, for want of Provisions, and that none could be had, unless he would furnish him, and withal desired to see him; and accordingly he sent Provisions, and went there late that Night, (Friday 5th.) and found that he had Entrenched himself so well, that the Enemy could not annoy them, neither with great nor small shot, and he had destroyed great part of the Bridge; there was a contnual firing on both sides.   

Saturday 6th.  
We killed near 20 of the Enemy, and with hot Iron Bullets fired the Town where they lay, and drove them all out of of it.—   

Sunday 7th.  
About two a Clock this Morning we had notice, That the Lord Galmoy, Coll. Gordon O Neal, and Coll. Mac Mahon were come to Dungannon, with 3000 Foot, and 1000 Horse, in order to surprise and cut off the Garrison at Monimore, and Sir Arthur Rawden was desired to hasten thither, the Letter being communicated to the Officers, it was resolved Sir Arthur Rawden should go towards Monimore; but he with Major Baker, Capt. Hugh Mac Gill, and Captain Dumbar had not road above a mile before they had an Account sent 'em, That the Irish in five or six great Boats, had in the Nighttime passed by the Guards that were kept on the Riverside, by Coll. Skeffingtons' Regiment, and were then coming down within a mile of Colonel Edmonston's Trenches: Sir Arthur Rawden immediately sent notice of it to Colonel Edmonston, to Lieutenant Colonel Whitney, and to Major Michelburn. One Company of Colonel Edminston's Regiment, that lodged in some Country houses, got to the River, and fired at them, till their Powder was all spent. When the Boats came within half a Mile of the Trenches, they landed the Men, and took in more Irish on the other side the River, till they had landed a considerable Party. Two or three Companies of the Granadeer advanced first thro' the Bogg, towards Colonel Edmonston's Trenches; he having but 120 Men in 'em, went out with 60 of them to line a Ditch on the side of the Bogg towards the Enemy, (leaving Lieutenant Colonel Will. Shaw to guard the Trenches,) and vigorously opposed 'em till both their Ammunition was spent, and the Irish overpowered 'em with their numbers, which were continually increasing. About this time Sir Arthur Rawden and Captain Dunbar came to the Trenches; and were surprised with a Volley of shot from the Irish, who immediately sent 100 Granadeer to line the Hedges, on the way to that only pass by which they could retreat, and to keep that pass against a party of Protestants that they saw marching towards it. This party was five Companies of Foot, under Command of Lieutenant Colonel Whitney, coming to Colonel Edmonston's assistance, who Commanded three young Captains to lead on the men; but when he observed the Enemy, he Commanded his men to face about and retire, which all did except one Captain James Mac-Gill, who ashamed of so base a retreat went on: About this time, Sir Arthur Rawden, and Captain Dumbar came to the pass, and having no other way to escape, ventured through all the shot, poured in upon 'em from the Hedges till they met Captain James Mac-Gill, but as they were charging again, they spied another party of Irish behind 'em, and they had not gone far before Captain James Mac-Gill was unfortunately shot off his Horse: A Captain of the Granadeer came up and run his Sword several times through him, and another of 'em dashed out his brains with a Musket; (so barbarously did they kill that deserving young Gentleman, whose early Valour would have met with other treatment from any Enemy but the Irish.) By that time Sir Arthur Rawden had got over the pass, Major Baker and Captain Hugh Mac-Gill were come up with what men they could get together, and had stopped Colonel Whitney's party. Colonel Edmonston also, and Lieut. Colonel Shaw had by several ways got up to them; but the Soldiers having little Ammunition or Match left, the body of the Irish being increased, and especially the Lord Galmoy's March towards Monymore being confirmed, it was resolved that Colonel Edmonston, and Lieutenant Colonel Whitney, should March to Colerain: That Sir Arthur Rawden with his own Regiment of Dragoons, Colonel Skeffingtons, and Colonel Kennings Regiments of Foot, (the last of them was under Command of Lieutenant Colonel William Cuningham,) should March towards Derry, which was accordingly done.     
Besides Captain James Mac-Gill, and several common Soldiers which were lost, one Captain Henly was wounded and taken Prisoner. And Sir Arthur Rawden by continual fatigue and want of rest cast himself into a dangerous Illness, which afterwards forced him to leave that Kingdom. A Gentleman who in all those affairs of the North of Ireland, shown himself a true lover and friend of his Country, by his extraordinary Zeal and Courage; his great Expenses and indefatigable diligence in the defence of it. Colonel Edmonston also contracted those Distempers in the Trenches at Port-Glenon, of which he afterwards died at Cullmore, April the 14th. having behaved himself there, and on all other occasions with great Gallantry and Resolution.  
The Irish having crossed the Ban, all those of the Army above at Monymore and Maghrifelt, (except a few Captains that took Protection) as well as those of Toam, and Newferry, fled over the Mountains to Derry. Colerain was deserted lest the Irish should intercept betwixt the Forces there, and those at Derry; part of the Bridge was cut down, part of it Burnt. And all the Country came towards Derry as their last Refuge.  
April the 9th. the Body of our Army came to the Ferry that leads over to the Town, and it was no small trouble to see so many brave and resolute men both Horse and Foot without a General. The Horse and Dragoons were that day ordered by Colonel Lundy, to March to Lifford and Strabane, and the next the Dragoons were ordered to March to Letter-Kenny: The Horse and Dragoons brought in good store of Meal and other Provisions to Derry.  
April 10th. Mr. cairn's being sent from England, with Instructions and a Letter from the King to Colonel Lundy, came this day to Derry; he met some Officers, and a great number of people going off: Colonel Lundy had offered Passes to the Officers, and spoke so discouragingly to many of them, concerning the indefensibleness of the place, that they strongly suspected he had a design to give it up; and they could see little hope of preventing it, in such a Confusion if he proved Treacherous, and therefore were unwilling to stay, only to be betrayed into the Enemy's hands. Mr. cairn's delivered the King's Letter to Governor Lundy, and acquainted him and others, with the cause of his coming, and the Forces following him at Sea for their aid; and though this good News put new Life and resolution into many of them, yet since others, and particularly some of the chief Officers were said to be on the Wing to departed; he was earnest with Governor Lundy to take some speedy and effectual care to prevent it; whereupon a Council of War was held that Night, to whom Colonel Lundy imparted his Letter. [see it in the end.] Mr. Cairns' Instructions were also read, and be pursuant thereto, represented to 'em his Majesty's great care and concern for 'em, and that whole Kingdom; the great preparations making in England for their relief, and the Forces at present hastening to 'em. He therefore earnestly dissuaded 'em from deserting the place, and desired according to his Instructions a particular account of the present Condition of the City as to Men, Arms, Ammunition, etc. This had that effect, that the Council drew up the following resolution, which Colonel James Hamilton proposed, and was active to promote.  

We the Officers hereunto subscribing, pursuant to a Resolution taken, and agreed upon at a Council of War at London-Derry held this day; do hereby mutually promise and engage, to stand by each other with our Forces against the common Enemy, and will not leave the Kingdom, nor desert the public Service, until our affairs are in a settled and secure Posture. And if any of us shall do the Contrary, the person so leaving the Kingdom, or deserting the Service, without consent of a Council of War, is to be deemed a Coward, and disaffected to their Majesty's Service, and the Protestant Interest.  
Dated the 10th. of April, 1689. 

Paulet Phillips.  
Hugh Mac-Gill.  
Rich. Croftor.  
Jo. Hill.  
Geo. Hamilton.  
Arthur Upton.  
Ja. Hamilton.  
Nich. Atchison.  
Hugh Montgommery.  
The. Whitney.  
Will. Ponsonby.  
Rich. Johnson.  
Robert Lundy.  
Blaney.  
Ar. Rawden.  
Will. Shaw.  
Rich. Whaley.  
Dan. Mac-Neal.  
Will. Shaw.  
Jo. Forward.  
Ger. Squire.  
J. Blaney.  
Jo. Tubman.     
This Resolution was not only affixed on the Market-House, but read next Morning at head of every battalion, at which the Soldiers expressed their great satisfaction with loud Acclamations and Huzza's. Mr. cairn's also wrote to several persons of Note, that were then about going off at Castledoe, to dissuade 'em, but all in vain. At the same Council there were several Articles agreed on. [see 'em in the end] The Enemy being come to the Lough, and threatening to come over with their Boats, and there being no other Vessel in the Lough, but Mr. Cairne's, the Council desired, and obtained his to be used as a Privateer against them.  
The Enemy thus hastening upon them, and some discontents appearing among the Soldiers, who murmured especially against Colonel Lundy, for taking no more care to put 'em into a posture of defence, and expressed great readiness to fight the Enemy if they were led on; to allay these heats and provide for the common safety; A Council of War was held, April the 13th. in which they came to the following Resolution.  

London-Derry, April the 13th. 1689.  
At a General Council of War, resolved unanimously, that on Monday next, by Ten of the Clock, all Officers and Soldiers, Horse, Dragoons, and Foot, and all other Armed men whatsoever of our Forces and Friends, Inlisted or not Inlisted, that can or will Fight for their Country and Religion against Popery, shall appear on the fittest Ground near Gladyford, Lifford, and Long-Cauly, as shall be nearest to their several and respective Quarters, there to draw up in Battalions to be ready to Fight the Enemy; and to preserve our Lives, and all that is dear to us from them. And all Officers and Soldiers, of Horse, Foot, Dragoons, and others that are Armed, are required to be then there, in order to the purpose aforesaid, and to bring a Weeks Provision at least with them, for Men, and as much Forage as they can for Horses.  


Robert Lundy.  
William Stuart.  
Ja. Hamilton.  
Fran. Hamilton.  
Nich. Atchison.  
Hugh Montgommery.  
Geo. Hamilton.  
Fran. White.  
Jo. Tubman.  
Jo. Barry.  
C. Frond.  
Hugh Mac-Gill.  
Jo. Hill.  
Jo. Hamilton.  
Jo. Forward.  
Kilner Brasier.  
Walter Dawson.  
Pawlet Phillips.     
At this Council Colonel Lundy was chosen to be Commander in chief in the Field, which he undertook. This day Major Stroud made some Proposals to Governor Lundy, of which no notice was taken; most of the Suburbs on both sides the Water were burnt or pulled down.  
April the 14th. the body of the Enemy's Army Marched up towards Strabane, part of them within view of the City, whereupon Mr. cairn's went twice to Governor Lundy, pressing him to take some speedy effectual care for securing the Passes of Fin-Water, lest the Enemy should get over before our men could meet: he replied in a careless manner, that he had given Orders already, but how little was actually done towards the prevention of it, the next day gave us a sad Demonstration. The same day several others sent word to Governor Lundy, that if he did not March the men that day, the Enemy would certainly prevent their getting together in any orderly body, and therefore entreated him to be with the men that Night at Clady and Lifford. But their advice was not regarded. our men had burnt all the Corn and Forage on the Road, so that if those Passes had been maintained, the Enemy's Horse could not have long subsisted there.  
This day we had News, that a Fleet was seen off the Coast near the Lough-mouth, but were driven off by the Wind to Sea again.  
Captain Hamil, and Major Crofton with a party at Lifford, did all this Night repulse the Enemy, (who attempted to come over the Ford,) with great resolution and success, killing as we heard several of them, with their Cannon and small shot.  
April the 15th Colonel Cuningham, and Colonel Richards, with the English Ships and Forces arrived in the Lough, they had particular Instructions to receive from time to time such Orders as Colonel Lundy should give them in all things relating to his Majesty's Service; pursuant to which, Colonel Cuningham sent three several Messages to him: By the first, (which was from Green-Castle about Ten in the Morning,) he acquainted him with his coming, and desired his Orders about Landing the two Regiments on board; by the second, (from Red-Castle about Two in the Afternoon,) having some information of their being gone out to fight the Enemy at Clady, he wrote the following Letter.  
From on Board the Swallow near Red-Castle at Two in the Afternoon, April the 15th. 1689. SIR,  
HEaring you have taken the Field, in order to fight the Enemy, I have thought it fit for their Majesty's Service to let you know there are two well disciplined Regiments here on Board, that may join you in two days at farthest; I am sure they will be of great use in any occasion, but especially for the encouragement of Raw men, as I judge most of yours are, therefore it is my opinion that you only stop the Passes at the Fords of Finn, till I can join you, and afterwards if giving Battle be necessary, you will be in a much better posture for it than before. I must ask your pardon if I am too free in my advice; according the remote prospect I have of things, this seems most reasonable to me; but as their Majesties have left the whole direction of matters to you, so you shall find that no man living will more cheerfully obey you, than your most humble Servant,  
John Cuningham.  
Having no Answer to either, he sent a third Messenger from Culmore-Castle, about Nine at Night, to desire his Orders which he was ready to execute, but he received no answer from Governor Lundy till that Evening, of which in its due order.  
This day a considerable party of the Irish Horse, Marched from Strabane to Clady, some of their Foot being there before them, our men had the week before broke down some Arches of the Bridge, and had made a Breast-work at the end of it. Our Forces at Derry Marched about Eight or Nine in the Morning towards Long-Causey, Lifford, and Clady; many Troops and Companies were gathering from several parts to join them, in all above 10000 A party of the Enemy that attempted to Ford the River at Castle-Fin, was repulsed by a party of Colonel Skeffingtons' Regiment posted there: Another small party of our men, about 30 Dragoons of Colonel Stewarts Regiment, Commanded by Captain Murray, (after most of the few Foot posted there were beat off,) opposed the Enemies coming over at Cladyford, till all their Ammunition was spent. But there was no more Ammunition sent them; (nay so strangely had the Governor managed things, that most part of the Ammunition was but coming from Derry, about three or four Miles out of it, when some part of our Forces were fleeing thither upon their retreat:) And Major Stroud who had some Horse near the Ford was so ill placed, that he could not bring them on, where they were so exposed to the Enemy's shot, though he earnestly endeavoured it; so that they were forced to retire from the Bridge, the Enemy perceiving this, and observing the scattered condition of our men, several Troops of their Horse rushed into the River, and swum through; (one Major Nangle and another Officer were drowned.) When they got over, they were (as Gordon O-Neal since told me,) in terrible fear lest we should have fallen upon them, for the Waters being high, they had scarce a dry shot left: But Governor Lundy, was so far from putting the Protestant Forces into any posture to oppose them, that upon notice of their entering the Ford, he gave Orders to all thereabouts, to flee to Derry, himself leading the way, but sent none to other parts of the Army, which never met in any considerable body. Upon this News of the Irish Horse being got over, the Foot posted at Lifford, that were shooting at a Party of Irish cross the River at Strabane, were called off, and retired to the Pass at Long Causey. Colonel Franc. Hamilton stopped those that fled there, and drew 'em up in good order behind that Pass, expecting the Irish would take that way, and Lundy would come thither from Rapho: But the Irish Horse chief pursued those that took the way to Rapho, where they did great Execution on Coll. Mountgomery's Regiment of Foot, there being no tolerable care taken to bring 'em off. And they had been all cut off, if they had not got into Boggs, and Marishy places, to secure themselves from the Enemy's Horse. The Forces at the Long Causey stayed there till towards evening; but fearing the Enemy might come from Rapho, to intercept their passage to Derry, they retired thither: So inexcusable was the Conduct of the General, both in abandoning so many Passes, and those so easily defensible by a few men, if they had been either supplied with Ammunition, or constantly relieved, and in never so much as attempting to draw the Forces into a Body, when there were in the Field above 10000 men, who (whatever he pretended to the contrary) wanted more care and resolution in their Leader than Courage in themselves: But whether this ill Conduct must be ascribed to negligence or design, the Reader must be left to judge by his following actions.  
Governor Lundy being come into Town, ordered the Sentinels to shut the Gates, so that many Officers, Soldiers and private Gentlemen were forced that Night to lie about the Walls; and the reason that he since publicly gave for it, is not unworthy the Readers notice, viz. To preserve the Provisions, which he knew to be sufficient for 3000 men for 3 Months, after the rate of 4 pounds of Fish, 3 pounds of Flesh, and 8 quarts of Meal per Week, for each Man. And though this was very far from being a just Acconnt, yet how very different a one he gave the Officers of the two Regiments on board, will appear by what follows.  
Governor Lundy this Night sent back Major Tiffin, Captain Lyndon, and Captain Cornwall Commander of the Swallow Frigate (as appears by a Certificate annexed at the end) with the following Answer to Coll. Cuningham's Message.  
To Coll. John Cuningham.  
SIR,  
I Am come back much sooner than I expected, when I went forth; for having numbers placed on Fin-water, as I went to a Pass, where a few might oppose a greater number than came to the place, I found them on the run before the Enemy, who pursued with great Vigour, and I fear March on with their Forces; so that I wish your men would March all Night in good order, lest they be surprised; here they shall have all the accommodation the place will afford: in this hurry pardon me for this brevity, the rest the bearer will inform you. I rest Sir,  
London-Derry, April 15. 1689. Your faithful Servant, Robert Lundy.  
If the Men be not landed, let 'em land and march immediately.  
Sir, Since the writing of this, Major Tiffen is come here, and I have given him my Opinion fully, which I believe when you hear, and see the place, you will both join with me; that without an immediate supply of Money and Provisions, this place must fall very soon into the Enemy's hands: If you do not send your men here some time tomorrow, it will not be in your power to bring 'em at all: Till we discourse the matter, I remain, Dear Sir,  
Your most faithful Servant, Robert Lundy.  
In the Postscript he refers Coll. Cuningham to the account he gave Major Tiffin, which was, (as himself has since publicly owned) That there was not above 10 days Provision in Town for 3000 Men, though all unnecessary Mouths were put out of it, and though what was in the Town for private use were taken to the public Stores. Accordingly he ordered Coll. Cuningham and Coll. Richard's to leave their Men still on board their Ships, and to come with some of their Officers to Town, that they might resolve on what was fit to be done.  
Accordingly April 16. Coll. Cuningham and Coll. Richard's with some of their Officers came to Town, where Coll. Lundy called a Council of War, composed of these sixteen Persons, 

Chidley Coot.  
James Hamilton.  
Captains of Cuning. Reg. 

Cornwall.  
Echlin.  
Traunter.  
Lyndon.  
Lundy.  
Blany.  
Cuningham.  
Richard's.  
Hussey.  
Tiffin.    
Captains of Richards ' s Regim. 

Pearson.  
Pache.  
Taylor.      
The two Colonels with their Officers were entire strangers to the State of the Town, and the rest were in a great measure unacquainted with it; for Coll. Lundy had called none of the Inhabitants to it except Mr. Mogredge the Clerk; and when, several of the principal Officers (who had some suspicion of Coll. Lundy's design) as Coll. Franc. Hamilton, Coll. Chichester, Coll. Crofton, Lieut. Coll. Ponsonby, etc. desired to be admitted, they were absolutely refused, though at the same Council he pretended he had sent for the two first, but said they could not be found, and for Sir Arthur Rewdon, who he said was a dying.  
Coll Cuningham delivered to Governor Lundy his Majesty's Letter and Orders directed to him; but the Governor, who was Precedent of the Council, gave 'em the same account of the State of the Town that he had before given to Major Tiffin, and therefore advised 'em all to quit it, for he said he would do so himself.  
Those of the Council who came from England, thinking it impossible the Governor should be ignorant of the Condition of the Town, and observing the account to pass without any contradiction from those there who had been for some time in it, but had not it seems informed themselves better; soon agreed in the Opinion of returning for England, rather than stay in a place not to be Victualled from the Country, especially when as he further said the Enemy were near their Gates with 25000 Men; and there was no possibility of a return from England in so short a time as the Governor affirmed what Provision they had must be spent, (only Coll. Richard's argued against it, because he looked on the deserting that Garrison not only as the quitting that City, but the whole Kingdom,) and accordingly they came to the following Resolution:  
Upon Enquiry it appears, that there is not Provision in the Garrison of London-Derry for the present Garrison, and the two Regiments on board, for above a week, or ten days at most: and it appearing that the Place is not tenable against a well appointed Army, therefore it is concluded upon, and resolved, That it is not convenient for his Majesty's Service, but the contrary, to land the two Regiments under Col. Cunningham, and Col. Richard's, their Command, now on board in the River of Lough-foyle: That considering the present circumstances of Affairs, and the likelihood the Enemy will soon possess themselves of this Place, it is thought most convenient, that the Principal Officers shall privately withdraw themselves, as well for their own preservation, as in hopes that the Inhabitants by a timely Capitulation may make terms the better with the Enemy; and that this we judge most convenient for his Majesty's Service, as the present State of Affairs now is.  
On the Result of this Council, Colonel Cunningham, and Colonel Richards, with their Officers, went down to the Ships, which that day fell down below Red-Castle: But Colonel Lundy, to delude both the Officers and Soldiers in Town (who were earnestly begging, that the English Forces might land, that with their Assistance they might take the Field, and fight the Enemy, before their Cannon were brought over, in order to the Preservation of that corner, into which the Provisions and Wealth of 3 or 4 Counties was crowded) told 'em publicly, It was resolved the English Forces should immediately land, and when they were in their Quarters, the Gates should be opened, and all join in defence of the Town: And to cloak the Intrigue the better, the Sheriffs were ordered to go through the City, to provide Quarters for 'em, who accordingly did so. But all this was mere shame to amuse the Town, while they might get away with the greater Ease and Safety: This Order was not publicly known till the 18th. But one of the Officers of this Council acquainted Colonel Franc. Hamilton, and Capt. Hugh Mac Gill with it, and advised 'em to go off. Captain Mac Gill discovered it to several Friends, and particularly to Sir Arthur Rawden, (who then lay extremely weak, and was the only Person there by Name excepted from Mercy in the Lord Tyrconnel's Proclamation.) This made 'em look on the Town as betrayed, and represented affairs so desperate to 'em, that they thought it madness in 'em to stay behind, merely to be exposed as a Sacrifice to the Fury of the Irish: And therefore many of 'em got off to the Ships the day following.  
This Day the Body of our Foot that retreated, by command from Clady, and those parts, came in tolerable Order to the Gates, but were surprised to find 'em shut, by the Governors' Order, who had but the Day before commanded 'em to flee thither; they called to the Sentries to open 'em, which they refused: But when one of the Captains of Colonel Skeffingtons' Regiment fired at the Sentry, and called for Fire to burn the Gate, that and the other Gates were thrown open, and all that had been kept out the Night before, now entered the Town, which made a considerarable Body.  
There being no Forage in the Town, the Horse went all generally towards Culmore, some both Officers and Soldiers, who had observed Colonel Lundy's ill Conduct, and the confused Posture their Affairs were in, got to the Ships; those that stayed, gathered to Captain Murray, and resolved to sell their lives dear, rather than fall into the hands of an Enemy, from whom they expected no Mercy.  
Governor Lundy had placed Captain Jemmet Governor of Culmore, who afterwards by his Order deserted it, though he had been formerly active in the service of the Town; a few Irish poffest themselves of it, but it was soon recovered by a small Artifice.  
April 17th. King James and his Army being advanced as far as St. Johnstown, (five miles from Derry,) he, or Lieutenant Gen. Hamilton, sends one Mr. Whitlow, a Clergyman, to Governor Lundy, to know if they in the City would surrender on honourable terms, which they should have to prevent the effusion of Christian Blood: On this a Council was held, who conclude to send to King James, to know what his Majesty's Demands were, and what terms he would grant to the City: The Messenger himself being allowed to sit and join in Debates with them. The same Gentleman had on the 16th. told Cornet Nicholsen (his old Acquaintance) who inquired of him what Colonel Lundy intended, That the Town would be delivered up before Saturday following, and therefore advised him to shift for himself. He said the same to to Mr. Henry Nicholson,  Hamilton, Captain Kinaston, and Captain Nevil were sent; who had access to the King, and returned that Night, but were refused entrance by the Multitude. Only the two former some way got in; the last (who had before been very active) wrote in a Letter the Account of their Negotiation, and departed.  
A little before this time Mr. Will. Blacker, and Ensign Twinyo came to Town, sent (as was reported, and confirmed by an intercepted Letter) by King James from Charlemount, to amuse the Garrison with such accounts of the Clemency of the King on the one hand, and the formidable strength of his Army on the other, as might incline them to a surrender. This Discourse soon exposed them to the suspicion of the Garrison, who seized and put them under restraint. Blacker, while thus confined, writes a Letter to the Camp (which was intercepted) to this purpose: That he doubted not they knew he was detained a Prisoner in Town, but he served their Interest as much there as if he were in their Camp: They had many Friends in Town, especially Captain Darcy, Mr. White, (Collector of Strabane,) etc. There was a Council held upon them, but after some time they were both dismissed.  
The common Soldiers, who knew nothing of the forementioned Order of the Council, were so enraged at their Officers, several of whom (as was before hinted) about this time left them and fled for England, that they could not forbear expressing it with some violence on some of them. One Captain Bell was shot dead, and another Officer hurt, who had (as was supposed with that Design) got into a Boat with several other Officers.  
This Day some in the Town sent one Captain Cole to Coll. Cunningham, to offer him the Government of it, because they suspected Coll. Lundy's Integrity. Coll. Cunningham's Answer was, That he being ordered to apply himself too Coll. Lundy for direction in all things relating to their Majesty's Service, could receive no Application from any that opposed that Authority. On the 18th. the Ships fell down to Green-Castle, and on the 19th. sailed for England. On the 20th. about one a clock in the Morning, a Ship making towards the Coast from whence they came, enquired whether they had met the English Fleet; upon which Coll. Cunningham hoping that some part of his Majesty's Fleet might be near, from whom they might have Provisions, resolved if he could procure from them Provisions for one Fortnight, to return to Derry. Upon which they gave the signal, and made after that Ship, but found it to be the Bonadventure Frigate, that was convoying some Ships with Arms and Ammunition to Derry, but no Provisions. This Account I had from Sir Arthur Rawden, and Captain Hugh Mac Gill, who were then on board the same Vessel. There was none of the Vessels, but only that wherein Colonel Richards was, that took the signal, and made after the Bonadventure Frigate.  
This Night Major Crofion finding the Gates open, and two of the Keys wanting, doubled the Guards, and changed the word. He was questioned for it the next day by Coll. Lundy; but he thought not fit to infist on it, and so there was no more made of it.  
April 18th. What secret Assurances were given King James, that first induced him to march his Army down to the City, or to retire again, in expectation of the multitudes being brought to a compliance, those can give the best Account that were most active for a surrender, and privy to all the clandestine transactions about it. But 'tis certain, that the Irish Army came this day to the Strand above the Windmill, at the South end of Derry hill, and there stopped, waiting what Answer or Salutation the City would give them. The Council had it the mean time given strict Orders that none offer to fire from the Walls on severe penalties, and some were sent about the Walls to give intimation of it. But how little the Council or their Orders were valued by the Soldiers, the event soon showed. It was at this Council that Mr. John Mogredg, who had been Clerk to the forementioned Council, held by Colonel Lundy, Colonel Cunningham, etc. declared he would conceal no longer the Result of that Council, [viz. That Colonel Cunningham should return with the two Regiments, and all Gentlemen and Officers quit the Garrison, and go with him.] He desired Governor Lundy to produce the Order, which was a great surprise to this present Council, who (though they generally agreed too well with Colonel Lundy about surrendering) yet deeply resented the concealing so material a thing from them.  
But our Men on the Walls paid so little Deference to either them or their Orders, and so little regarded the secret Treaties they were managing with the Enemy, that when King James' Forces were advancing towards them on the Strand, they presently fired their great Guns at them, and (as was confidently reported) killed one Captain Troy, near the King's Person. This unnexpected Salutation not only struck a strange Terror into the Irish Camp, but put the King himself into some disorder, to find himself so roughly and unmannerly treated by those, from whom he expected so dutiful a Compliance. And those who had encouraged him to try an Experiment that proved so dangerous, thought themselves concerned to make some Apology for it. The Council therefore resolved to send  Hamilton to the King, to excuse themselves for what had passed, and lay all the blame of it on the ungovernableness of the People, whose violent humour, they said they could not restrain, while his Army continued there, and therefore begged his patience, till the present tumult was over: And because some of the Council, as well as others, could hardly believe that King James was really there, Captain White was sent with the  (having often seen the King) to put them out of all doubt about it. Captain White returned to them with assurance of it, but Archdeacon Hamilton took Protection, (that Summer he sickened and died.) But King James' being there, was an Argument that had little force on our Men on the Walls, who were resolved to defend the Protestant Religion, and King William's Interest, against him and his Army to the utmost. Nay, they now began to be impatient, to see themselves thus betrayed by such as should have been their Leaders, and severely threatened both the Governor and his Council, for tampering with the Enemy.  
The Governor and Council, though extremely displeased at the boldness and resosolution of the Soldiers, could not help it, having lost all Authority and Credit with them, of which this day produced a new Instance, as considerable as this. Capt. Murray was advanced from Culmere Fort to the green Field below Penny-burn-Mill, with a considerable Party of Horse, within view of the Town, having left 1500 Foot below at Brook-hall. It was his appearing there had encouraged the Men on the Walls to accost the Irish Army so rudely. The Governor and Council perceiving his Motion towards the City, dispatched one Murray an Express to him, with a Line to this purport, That he should immediately upon sight thereof withdraw with his Men to the back of the Hill, out of the View of the City. He understood not the meaning of so strange an Order; but the Messenger being his Relation, explained the Mystery to him; that the Governor and his Council were about making Terms with the Enemy for surrendering the Town; and added, that several of his Friends advised him to hasten to Town, if he defigned to make any effectual opposition to the Enemy; for if he came not, the Town would certainly be delivered into the their hands: Upon which he resolves to March with his Horse strait to the City, where, with some difficulty from the Enemy's Dragoons, who fired at him in the way, he came to Ship-key-gate; Mr. Walker was sent from the Council to discourse him, who would have had him alone to be taken up on the Walls by a Rope, which he refused with disdain; but Mr. James Morison, Captain of the Guards, without any Orders, opened the Gates to him and his Troops. His Presence, when he came, struck a cold damp on the Governor and his Council, but inspired the Men on the Walls with Vigour and Resolution.  
This same Council this day proceeded to conclude a Surrender, and drew up a Paper to that purpose, which most of them Signed, and as far as I could ever learn, all of them, (though many of the Signers afterwards hearty joined with us in Defence of the Place.)  
But to return to Capt. Murray, the Multitude having eagerly desired and expected his coming, followed him through the streets with great expressions of their Respect and Affection. He assured them he would stand by them in defence of their Lives and the Protestant Interest, and assist them immediately to suppress Lundy and his Council, to prevent their Design of surrendering the City; desiring all who would concur with him herein, to put a White Cloth on their left Arm, which they generally did, being also encouraged to it by Capt. Bashford, Capt. Noble, and others. This greatly alarmed and perplexed the Governor and his Council: They conclude to send for him, and try if they can prevail with him to sign the Paper for surrendering the City: At their Invitation he comes into the Council, accompanied with some Friends, (though dissuaded by others.) What passed betwixt him and Governor Lundy being of some importance to the right understanding that strange Turn of Affairs, on which the Preservation of that City depended, I shall give the Reader this short account of it. Col. Lundy desired to know the occasion of his Jealoufies of him: Capt. Murray told him plainly, his late Actions had declared him either Fool. or Knave; and to make this charge good, he insisted on his gross neglect to secure the Passes at Strabane, Lifford and Clady, refusing Ammunition when sent for, riding away from an Army of 10 or 12000 Men, able and willing to have encountered the Enemy, neglecting the advantageous Passes of Long-causey and Carickins, which a few Men might have defended, etc. He urged him to take the Field, and fight the Enemy, assuring him of the readiness of the Soldiers, whom he Vindlcated from those Aspersions of Cowardice which Coll. Lundy cast on 'em; and when Coll. Lundy persuaded him to join with the Gent. there present, who had Signed a Paper for surrendering the Town, and offered several Arguments to that purpose, drawn from their Danger; he absolutely refused it, unless it were agreed on in a general Council of the Officers, which he alleged that could not be, since there were as many absent as present.  
This Discourse being ended, The Governor and Council go on with their Design of surrendering. Capt. Murray leaves them, and returns to the Soldiers that waited for him: He observed that the Council were resolved to give up the City, which if they should do, it was impossible for him to keep Culmore; and having advised with his Friends, he resolves to stay in Town, and do his utmost to prevent what he saw the Council intended; to which he was the more encouraged, by the entire interest he had in the affections of the common Soldiers, whom he knew to be generally as averse to a Surrender, and as resolute for defending the City as himself.  
The Council goes on, after the Paper for Surrender was subscribed, to consider what methods were fit to be taken for capitulating with the King. They agree to send out 20 Men to him for that end, as the King by a Messenger had proposed. But the men were not chosen this Night; but before the Council was dismissed, Governor Lundy sent for some of the N. C. Ministers to come to the Council; none of them went, but one who refused to sit. The reasons of their being sent for, were partly to engage them to persuade Captain Murray, to comply with the rest for Surrendering: partly that their appearance there to countenance those proceed of the Council might induce the multitude to comply also, who were generally of that persuasion; but they not appearing, this project failed, and this proved the last Session of the Council.  
That these pernicious intentions of the Council, might be the more effectually counteracted, Captain Murray and a party with him went this Night to the Mainguard, took the Keys from one Captain Wigston, who then Commanded the Guard, and appointed Guards that Night at the Gates, and on the Walls.  
The Soldiers and Multitude thus headed by Captain Murray, renew their threats against the Governor and his Council, who were so justly apprehensive of their danger from them, that after that time Colonel Lundy kept his Chamber till he stole away, and few of his Council durst for a while appear in the streets, for fear of the armed Multitude.  
I have insisted the more largely on the Transactions of this day, betwixt Captain Murray, and the Governor in Council, because the opposition he made to their design, both in the Council, and especially by his influence on the Multitude, was the only thing that prevented the surrender of the City to King James, and altered the whole scene of affairs in it. And I must in Justice add, that though the body of those that joined with him were called the Rabble, yet they were generally men as Eminent for their great Probity, as for their Courage, acted with a hearty zeal to the Protestant Religion, and animated with the hopes of seeing it ere long flourish in that Kingdom, under the happy Government of King William and Queen Mary. And how much the main stress of the defence of that City lay on them, will appear in the following account of it.  
This Evening King James with his Army went back to St. Johnstown, and stayed there till the 20th. waiting for an answer from the City.  
April the 19th. the Multitude having thus broken the Authority of the Council, would have made Captain Murray both their General, and the sole Governor of the Town; but he modestly refused it, because he judged himself fit for Action and Service in the Field, than for Conduct or Government in the Town. And therefore when several Gentlemen invited him to a Council, that they might choose a Governor, he very readily agreed to it. At this Council, there were at first but about 15 in all, where all the Officers of the Garrison ought to have been, as matters then stood. The persons nominated were Major Henry Baker, Major Mitchelburn, and Lieutenant Colonel Richard Johnston: Major Baker had the Majority of Votes, and was chosen their Governor. Having done this, they immediately considered what Regiments might be in Town, and concluded on 8.  
Governor Baker to be Colonel to Sir Arthur Rawdens' Dragoons.  
Major Walker, to be Colonel to the Lord Charlemont's Regiment, the Lieutenant Colonel being gone.  
Major Parker, to Command Colerain Regiment.  
Major Mitchelburn, to Command Mr. Skeffingtons' Regiment.  
Captain Hamill, to be Colonel to a Regiment.  
Lieutenant Colonel Whitney, to be Colonel to Francis Hamiltons' Regiment.  
Major Crofton, to be Colonel to Colonel Kanning's Regiment.  
Captain Murray, to be Colonel to the Horse.  
This being done, the new chosen Governor made a Speech to acquaint them, That the work they had now laid on him, was too much for him to discharge, and therefore desired they would allow him an Assistant for the Stores and Provisions: This he might have done of himself, and therefore they readily agreed to the Motion, and desired him to nominate whom he pleased; he named Mr. George Walker, to which they assented.  
The next thing the Council fell on, (many more being now come into it,) was to prosecute and perfect what Lundy had left unfinished the Night before, viz. the choice of 20 men to go out and capitulate with King James. It was proposed to Colonel Murray to be one of them, but he refused and went to the Walls. Colonel Lundy (who kept his Chamber,) being informed that they had chosen a new Governor, and were proceeding to choose the 20 Commissioners, sends Mr. Seth Whittle, Parson of Balliachy, and Mr. George Hamilton to the Council, to make all the interest they could there to have Friends, (as he called them,) chosen to go to King James, which they earnestly endeavoured. The 20 are chosen, and ready to go out: The multitude on the Walls and at the Gates hearing of it, are so enraged, that they threatened, That if a man of them offered to go out on that Errand, they would treat them as betrayers of the Town, the Protestant Religion, and King William's Interest. Upon which none of them durst offer to go, and so a stop was put to that dangerous Capitulation, notwithstanding the orders of the Governor and Council. So little did the Soldiers regard any Commands, that seemed to cross their resolutions of defending the City.  
Now the Soldiers, whom their Officers had deserted, chose their Captains, and each Captain which of the Colonels he would serve under, as they pleased themselves.  
What the number of Men, Women, and Children, in the Town might be is uncertain; some of the aged people, Women and Children, with some few others, to the number of near a thousand, left us.  
This Evening a Trumpet comes to the Walls from King James, to know why they sent not out Commissioners to treat according to their Proposals. The Multitude having put a stop to that, Colonel Whitney wrote a few lines to excuse themselves to the King.  
April the 20th. A party of King James' Horse and Foot marched down to Culmore, and from thence down through the Barony of Inishowen, and there Robbed a great number of people, that were waiting for Passage to Scotland. They placed Guards on the Waterside, to stop all passage from this City to Culmore by Land, which debarred us of intelligence from that place.  
This day the Lord Strabare, came to the Walls with many Proposals, offering honourable terms to the City, if they would surrender. Colonel Murray waited on his Lordship without the Gate, and discoursed long with him.  
His Lordship earnestly solicited him to come over to their party, offering him a Colonels place in their Army, and a thousand pounds' gratuity from the King; But his offers being rejected, he took his leave: Colonel Murray conveying him through our outguards.  
This Evening a party of our Horse and Foot, marched out with a design to attack the Enemy, but returned upon an information of some design against them in the Town. About the same time Colonel Lundy bribed a Continel, with whom he stole away, and going to Brook-Hall, which was then in the Enemy's power, he wrote from thence a Letter to a Lieutenant in Town, desiring him to leave the Town, and bring off a Crop-Horse with him.  
April the 21th. The Enemy placed a Demiculverin, 180 perches distant E. by N. from the Town on the other side of the Water, and begun early this Morning to play upon us, but did little harm, though it was then a little more frightful to our people than afterwards, when they were more familiarized to it. This day our men sallied out both Horse and Foot towards Penny-burn Mill, the Horse Commanded by Colonel Murray, the Foot by several Captains, viz. Captain Arch. Sanderson, Captain Beatty, Captain Thomas Blaire, Lieutenant David Blair, etc. Lieut. Colonel John cairn's, and Capt. Philip Dumbar, etc. being placed on the Hill with a Reserve. Coll. Murray divides the Horse, which were about 300 in number, in two Parties: With the first of these he charged himself, with great Courage; the second Squadron was led on by Major Nathaniel Bull, Son to Major Samuel Bull, of the County of Meath; (who did us very good Service, by his Integrity to the Interest of the Garrison, and his influence on the Soldiers to animate their Courage.) The Rear of that Squadron was brought up by Capt. Cochran, who when his Squadron fled, advanced with a few to the Party that was engaged, his Horse being shot under him, and himself shot in the Leg. The Enemy divided their Horse into two Squadrons also: He that commanded the first Party led them on with great bravery. Coll. Murray charged through that Brigade, and had that day three Personal Encounters with their Commander, in the last of which he killed him on the spot, whom the Enemy themselves confessed to be Lieut. Gen. Mammau: It was also reported, that he killed his Brother in the same Action. In the mean time the Rear of our Horse fled towards the Walls, the Enemy's Horse being hot in the pursuit of them. Our Foot that were at the Mill had done great Execution on the Enemy, but observing the Horse were generally fled, (except a small Party which continued with Coll. Murray) they came down to the Strand-side, and lined the Ditches: And the Enemy's Horse that pursued ours having no other way to come back but that, our Men fired so thick on them at their return, that very few of all that Party escaped. This day when this dispute was begun, the Enemy in the Afternoon brought the Cannon they had plied us with, down to the Point, opposite to our Men on the Strand, and played over warmly at them, (though without any Execution) till one of our Guns from the Walls disabled their Gun, and killed the Gunner and others. We could have no certain account how many of the Enemy were killed, they were said to be above 200: We lost 9 or 10, viz. Lieut. Mac Phedris, Cornet Brown, Mr. Mackee, one Harkness, and 5 or 6 more private Soldiers; several were wounded. We got only one Standard, but considerable spoil of Horse, Arms, Cloaks, Saddles, Watches, Money, etc. This Prey did not a little quicken the Appetites, and animate the Resolutions of the Soldiers in their Sallies afterterwards; the manner whereof (to suggest that here) was usually this, That when any Officer of note, with a few more attending him was about to go out, all that were willing to hazard themselves in the Enterprise followed them as Volunteers.  
The Persons of note said to be killed on the Enemy's side, were, General Mammau, Major Taaff, Major Wagon, Major General Pusignian, Quartermaster Cassore, Capt. Fitzgerald.  
April 23. The Enemy planted two Cannons in the lower end of Strong's Orchard, near 80 Perches distant from the Town, on the other side the Water, over against Ship-key-street; these threw Ball of about ten pound weight each; with these they played so incessantly on that street, piercing the Garrets and Walls, that some were hurt, and few durst stay above stairs. The Besieged having made a Blind in that street to preserve the People, repay them from the Walls in the same coin, and killed Lieut. Fitz-patrick, Lieut. Con Oneal, 2 Sergeants, some Soldiers, and (as was reported) 2 lusty Friars.  
April 25. Colonel Murray, with some Horse, and a good Party of Foot, sally out and beat the Besiegers that had got into the Ditches out of them. Some few of our Foot had pursued too far: A Party of the Enemy's Horse coming suddenly about the end of the little Hill, forced 'em to retire back to the rest of our Party, who observing the Enemy's Horse to advance so quick towards them, took themselves to the Ditch by the way side, and fired so briskly and continually on them, that they were forced to flee. Our men pursue them down to Penny-burn-mill, and pressed so hard upon them, that their Dragoons (who were beat from the old Mill, near an English Mile up the same water that Penny-burn-mill stands on) left their Horses, and came down to assist their Foot and some Horse who were in hazard at Penny-burn-mill. Our Men kept them at warm service till towards the Evening, and returned when wearied without any loss. A party of Men that went out late to be a rereguard to our Men at the Mill, were beat in by a party of Horse that were dispatched (with each a Footman behind him) from the Enemy's Camp, but without loss. This day Colonel Murray, Major Nath. Bull, Capt. Obrey, Capt. John Kennedy, Capt. Arch. Sanderson, Capt. Mich. Cunningham, Capt. Will. Beatty, and Capt. Will Moor, and others, behaved themselves with great bravery: The Dispute at both the Mills was very sharp, and lasted some time. What number of the Enemy was killed we could not learn: We lost but two Men, and had 8 or 10 wounded, who recovered.  
This Night Major Parker left this City, and deserted their Majesty's Service here on this occasion. A rereguard of Foot had been left to defend our Men from a Party of the Enemy, which we on the Walls saw coming on them. These Major Parker was too slow and negligent in bringing off, according to his Orders, whereby they were exposed to great danger from the Enemy. For this misbehaviour he was threatened with a Court-Martial, which he took this course to avoid.  
The Enemy planted their Mortar-pieces first in Strongs' Orchard, on the other side of the water, and threw into Town some small Bombs, which did not much hurt. Our Ammunition was put into several places, as the Church, dry Wells, Cellars, etc.  
At this time, that there might be a good understanding and harmony among the Besieged, it was agreed to by Governor Baker, that the Conformists should have the Cathedral-Church the one half of the Lord's day, during the whole time of the Siege, and the Non-conformists the other half; the latter entering at 12, had two Sermons there every Afternoon, besides two or three other Meetings in other parts of the City: In their Assemblies there were every Lordsday considerable Collections for the relief of the poor People, and the sick and wounded Soldiers, who had otherwise perished for any care was taken of them: And they had the use of the Cathedral every Thursday.  
Governor Baker, together with Coll. Walker (who was also complemented with the Title of Governor, but always understood with reference to the Stores, the oversight whereof was (besides his Regiment) the only trust committed to him by the Garrison) to examine the Stores, and continue the old Store-keepers in their several places, till our Stores began to fail, and then all was put into one Storehouse, which was carefully kept by Mr. Jo. Harvey, and his Brother Samuel all the time of the Siege. There were persons appointed to search all Cellars, and what Provisions they found there, (which had been plentifully laid in by private Gentlemen and others of the Country,) they brought to the Store, and these were the support of the Garrison.  
Some of the chief Officers spoke to the N. C. Ministers, to be Chaplains to their Regiments, as others to some of the Conformists. Colonel Walker invited myself to be his, the generality of his Officers as well as Soldiers being Nonconformists; yet the Nonconformist Ministers received no allowance out of the Stores. Some of them had brought to Town a considerable stock of Provisions of their own, which was taken to the public Storehouse, and others of them lived on their own money. The Conformist Ministers generally were maintained by the store for some time, and after that had 2 s. 6 d. a week paid them, while the others had not such allowance, which had like to have been resented to a high degree in the Garrison, if some that considered our present circumstances had not been careful to prevent it.  
About the 27th. of April, Captain Darcy (mentioned before, one that was brought from Scotland by Captain Hamilton before the Siege, and left Prisoner here, having fled from England where he was one of King James' party,) had a pass given him by our Governor to go with Horse and Arms, which he accordingly did. Lieutenant Colonel Whitney had sold him some Horses, which were said to be none of his own: Upon which and other misdemeanours, Whitney was confined, and afterwards tried by a Council of War, and found guilty of being no friend to this Garrison, for which he was under confinement during the time of the Siege.  
About this time, Captain Lance is chosen Colonel to Colerain Regiment, which Parker had deserted, and Captain Monro is chosen Colonel to Whitneys Regiment. So that now all the Regiments had their Colonels, which continued so during the whole time of the Siege.  
Governor Baker's Regiment of Foot, consisting of 26 Companies.  
Colonel Mitchelburn's, of 17 Companies.  
Colonel Walker's, of 14 Companies.  
Colonel Monro's, of 12 Companies.  
Colonel Lance's, of 13 Companies.  
Colonel Hamill's, of 15 Companies.  
Colonel Croston's, of 12 Companies.  
Colonel Murray's, Regiment of Horse, consisting of 8 Troops.  
Besides these Men that were Regimented, there were several Volunteers in Town who did good service, as Captain Joseph Johnston, who was very careful to have good Padrolls kept; Captain William Crook, and Mr. David Kennedy, and many others, who were frequently out upon Service; the first of these having his Leg broke with a piece of a Bomb, whereof he died.  
About the beginning of May, Colonel Mitchelburn was suspected by Governor Baker and the Garrison. The Governor confined him to his Chamber, betwixt whom there was some little scuffle when he was apprehended. He continued under the rules of Confinement, but was never tried by a Council of War: What the grounds of the suspicion were, is too tedious to relate, but he was afterwards nominated by Baker Governor during his sickness.  
About the same time, Governor Baker (fearing lest Enemies within the Town should work Mines in Cellars near the Walls,) took with him Mr. William Mackie, one of the Citizens that was very active and industrious for defence of the Town: And they two searched all Cellars near the Walls, under pretence of examining the Provisions, but found nothing of what they feared.  
Few days passed (while the Enemy's Camp were coming nearer to us,) but Colonel Murray, Captain Noble, Captain Dumbar, Captain Andr. adam's, (afterwards Major,) Captain Wilson, Captain Arch. Hamilton, Captain Beatty, Captain Sanderson, Junior, (whose Father Captain Alexander Sanderson was very useful in the Garrison; So were also Major Alex. Stuart, Major John Dobbins, Cap. Char. Shaw, Cap. Sam. Wright, Cap. James Mac-Cormick:) Cap. Bashford, Cap. Cuningham, Lieut. Dunlop, Lieut. Maghlin, or some of them, went out with small parties, (and sometimes private Soldiers only,) and they seldom returned without doing some execution on the Enemy, or bringing in some small prey.  
Captain Noble and others, found several Letters in the Pockets of the slain, giving them some Intelligence, particularly about the surrender of Culmore: We were informed that Lundy as he passed by, sent a Message to them that Derrry was surrendered: This added to the discouragement they were under, (having little Ammunition, and 8 of the Guns being before sent up to Town by Captain Jemmet on Lundy's orders,) is said to have inclined them to follow the Example.  
May the 5th. About the Middle of that Night, the Besiegers under the Command of Brigadeer Ramsey, came to the Windmill, and beat in our Outguards which were but few, and possessed themselves of that place, and before Sunrising had a Line drawn from the Bog to the Water; it was old Ditches which they quickly made up.  
Early on May the 6th. Governor Baker and other Officers were about detaching 10 out of every Company to attack them, but the men were impatient and run out of their own accord, some at Bishopsgate, others at Ferry-Key-gate, their number being thus increased, they advanced on the Enemy, who were come into the Ditches and old Walls, and beat them from Ditch to Ditch, till they were got into the Line they had made, where they so continually fired on them, that they forced them to quit the Line they had drawn, and flee for it. Our men pursued them so close, that they came to Club-Musquet with it. But their Foot and Dragoons flee in great confusion. Ramsey endeavoured to rally them, but to no purpose: For he and several other Officers were killed on the place; our men pursued them beyond all the Ditches to the top of the Hill, and drove Foot and Horse all before them: They returned about 12 a Clock. The Enemy lost on the place about 200, (many of them shot in the Face, Forehead, and Breast over their own Line, as they were firing,) a great number also died of the wounds they then received.)  
In this action we got 4 or 5 Colours, several Drums, Fire-Arms, some Ammunition and good store of Spades, Shovels, and Pick-axes. Of the Enemy these Persons of Note were killed, viz. Brigadeer Gen. Ramsay, Capt. Barnwell, Capt. Fox, Capt. Fleming, Lieutenant Kelley, Lieutenant Welsh, Ensign Barnwell, Ensign Kadel. And the Persons following were taken Prisoners, Lord Nettervile, Sir Gerrard Aylmer, Lieutenant Colonel Talbot, Lieutenant Newcomen. We lost but 3 or 4 private Men, and some wounded, particularly Lieutenant Douglass, who afterwards died.  
May the 7th. Governor Baker desires the Enemy to send some private Soldiers and an Officer to bury their dead, which they did after a very careless manner.  
This week Governor Baker, with the advice of some Officers, resolves on drawing a line cross the Windmill hill from the Bogg to the Water. They set Men to work and soon finished it, and afterwards secured it with Redoubts, the better to defend our Men from a Cannon the Enemy planted on the other side the Water, directly opposite to the end of the Works our Men had made there: He also order every Regiment to be by turns on Guard Night and Day at this new line on the Windmill hill, but afterward the Guard was kept by Detachments out of each, occasioned by a suspicion of an Officer on that out-guard.  
About this time the 2 Captains (Closes) left us and took Protection.  
May 10. Lieutenant Mitchel went away also, (and came again with Major Gen. Kirk into the Lough.) About the same time Mr. John Brisben a Curate left the Town, and took Protection.  
A Party of our Men about 200, under the Command of Lieutenant Coll. Blair, were gone out, and were posted among the Ditches, doing some Execution on the Enemy. A great Party of the Enemy were coming down on them, whom our men in the hollow could not see, but those on the Walls seeing them, Coll. Murray rides a long Bog street, and though a Party of the Enemy behind a Ditch fired incessantly at him, he went on to the place to warn them of the danger, so that they came off safely. Capt. Rickaby was shot in the Arm.  
The Besiegers soon after placed a Camp at Ballingry, and another at Penny-burn-mill, and a third at the Orchard beyond the water. They kept the Guards so strictly along the water on each side, that we were barred up from all intelligence.  
After the placing of these Camps, they brought their Guns to Ballyugry, and there successively discharged them all in the dusk of the Evening: They also ordered their Men in a long range in all their Camps, and made them all fire round, with a design (as we supposed) to strike the greater Terror into the Hearts of the Besieged. The Enemy were busied in bearing Faggots, and making Forts or Trenches, and in some parts piling up these Faggots. Our Men sally out, came to their Forts and Piles of Faggots, and burned both them, and several little houses the Enemy had for Quarters, with many Bridles, Saddles, etc. and killed several both Officers and Soldiers. The Besiegers had built a Trench near Penny-burn-mill, on which they planted some of their Guns: Our Men resolved in the Evening, that next Morning early they would attack that Fort, and either bring away their Guns, or nail them up, and accordingly they went out, about 2 or 3000 Men, but effected not their Design (which was afterwards thought might have been accomplished, if pursued.) Tho the Enemy discharged their Guns at our Men, none were hurt, one only was shot through the leg with a small Bullet.  
About this time our Men went out, viz. Capt. Jo. Cunningham, Capt. Noble, Capt. Arch. Sanderson, and some others. These Captain with about 100 went too far out in the open Fields, where they seized a Fort the Enemy had made on the Heathy-hill, and bear the Foot out of it. In the mean time a Party of the Enemy's Horse came at full Carrier betwixt our Men and the Town, took Capt. Cunningham Prisoner, whom, after Quarter given, they perfidiously murdered. (They gave us other instances afterwards how faithless they were to their word. Particularly, they desired one White might come over to some of his Friends, engaging their word for his and the Boats return; but they detained both him and the Boat, to our loss who had no other, but to their greater reproach and dishonour.) Capt. Noble, and the rest came off being good Footmen: We lost 15 or 16 men at that time.  
May 21st. being Tuesday, the Nonconformists kept a solemn Fast, and had Sermons in two places of the City besides the Cathedral, where there were considerable Collections made for the Poor, who begun to stand in greater need of 'em. Soon after the Conformists also kept another.  
June 4th. being Tuesday. The Enemy approach to our Works at the Windmill with a great Body of Foot and Horse: Our Men ordered themselves so, that in each Redoubt there were four, and in some five Reliefs, so that they were in a Posture of firing continually. The Irish divided their Horse in 3 Parties, and their Foot in 2. The first Party of Horse was commanded by Capt. Butler, (the Lord Mountgarrets Son,) and consisted most of Gentlemen, (who 'tis said had sworn to top our line:) They attack our lines at the Waterside, and the other Parties of Horse were to follow the first: The one Party of the Foot attacques the lines betwixt the Windmill and the water, and the other (being Granadeer) the lines at the Bogg-side, betwixt the Windmill and the Town. Captain James and John Gladstanes, Capt. Andrew adam's, Capt. Francis Boyd, Capt. Robert Wallace, Capt. John Maghlin, and Captain Will. Beatty, with their Men, had taken their ground next the water. The first Party of Horse charged furiously, having Faggots of wood carried before them; They came on with a huzza, seconded with a huge shout from the Irish Camp: They came by the end of the line (it being low Water) notwithstanding our firing constantly on them. Our Men, viz. Capt. James Gladstanes, Capt. John Gladstanes, with others next to them, left their Redoubts, and took the Strand with their Muskets, Pikes and Scytheses, and fell on them with that vigour, that soon spoilt the Tune of their Huzza's, for few of that Party escaped: Many of them were driven into the River, and Capt. Butler himself taken Prisoner by Capt. John Gladstanes. The rest of the Horse seeing the first Party so warmly received, had no great stomach to come on. In the mean time the Foot (who had also Faggots of wood carried before them) attack the line betwixt the Windmill and the Water: They were as warmly received as the Horse: And whereas they imagined our Men would fire all together, finding that they fired successively, they soon wheeled about, and drew off; only a few came furiously to the back of our Works, and were either killed or haled over by the hair of their heads. In the mean time the other Party of Foot being Granadeer, attack our Forts by the Bogg-side, and came on fiercely, but were as vigorously repulsed by our Men there. Coll. Monro did there acquit himself very well; Cap. Mich. Cunningham (one of the Citizens that had been always very active and zealous for the Defence of the Town) was at the Bogg-side with his Company, kept our Men to their Posts, and opposed the Granadeer with great Courage. He narrowly escaped with his Life, a Cannon Bullet tearing up the ground about him, and he had a small Bullet cut out of his Back; Lieutenant James Ker, Lieutenant Josias Abernethy, and Lieutenant Clerk, did good Service, the last being wounded. Mr. Tho. Maxwell was killed about the same time on the Walls. This day Governor Baker showed both his Conduct and Courage in ordering and bringing out frequent Reliefs, where the greatest danger appeared. Our Women also did good Service, carrying Ammunition, Match, Bread and Drink to our Men; and assisted to very good purpose at the Bogg-side, in beating off the Granadeer with stones, who came so near to our lines. The Enemy lost a considerable number of Men. Most of their Officers were either killed or taken Prisoners. When they retreated, they carried away on their backs many of their Dead and mortally wounded with them, (as was supposed) to shelter themselves the better from the storm of our shot. Those of Note killed on the Enemy's side, were Lieutenant Coll. farrel, two French Captains, Capt. Graham, Lieutenant Bourk, Quartermaster Kelly, Adjutant Fahoy, Ensign Norris, Ensign Arthur. The Prisoners were Capt. Butler, Son to the Lord Mountgarret, Capt. Macdonel, Cornet Mac-danaghy, Capt. Watson, a French Lieutenant, Lieutenant Eustace, Sergeant Peggot. We lost 5 or 6 private men, and one Captain Maxwell had his Arm broke with a Cannon Bullet, whereof he died within three weeks after. He had that Day behaved himself with great courage. And one Tho. Gow had all the Flesh shot off the calf of his Leg by a Cannon Bullet; but the bone not being broken, he recovered. There were three of our Colonels out that day, Murray, Monro, and Hamil; The last got a hurt on the cheek with a small Bullet.  
The next Day one Mr. Edmund Stones in time of a Parley went to a little Well beyond the Bogg, having leave from the Irish first. But a French Officer came, and put-his own hand to Mr. Stones' Cartridg-box, with the other treacherously pulled out his Sword to have killed him; but he starting back the Sword only pierced his side, and the wound proved not mortal: So meanly base were some of our Enemies.  
From the 10th of May till near the end of the Siege, we had many little Parleys with the Enemy; sometimes to admit Doctors to see the wounded Prisoners, the Lord Nettervile and Talbot; sometimes to admit Provisions to them, which we granted them. Sometimes that we might have leave with safety to send Messengers to the Ships, or abroad for intelligence, but that we could not obtain.  
Captain Cole had been among the Irish Army for near a month together at the beginning of the Siege, and about the 10th or 12th of May came into Town again. Governor Baker being suspicious of his being an Agent for the Enemy, ordered him to be confined, till he was satisfied he had no ill design against the City, but had secretly made his Escape from the Enemy, who had detained him Prisoner.  
About the end of May, most of the Officers having been for some time suspicious of Governor Walker, drew up several Articles against him, some of which were to the effect following, according to the Account I had of them from the Memories of some of the Officers then present.  
One was, That he and others about the 18th of April had a Secret cabal, wherein they agreed, and privately sent a Messenger to K. James, with Proposals about getting the Town to be delivered up.  
Another was, That the said Person being on his return confined on suspicion of this, was taken out privately by Mr. Walkers means, and sent over the Walls: He went to Culmore, which was soon after Surrendered.  
Another was, That on several days, especially about the latter end of April, Mr. Walker held a Consultation with some others in the Town, while our Men were out against the Enemy, to shut the Gates upon them, to Facilitate a Surrender.  
Another was, For Selling or Embezzling the Stores.  
Another was, That he offered to betray the Town for 500 l in hand, and 700 l. a Year, which offer was approved by K. J. and the Money promised.  
Another was, For abusing Officers that went to the Stores.  
Others of them relating to Personal Vices, I shall not mention.  
But for a more particular and full account of these Matters, I refer to the Articles themselves, which were lodged in Colonel Hamills Hands.  
There were several Persons had examined Witnesses, and undertook to prove these Articles; And Colonel Hamill, Colonel Murray, Colonel Crofton, and Colonel Monro, Lieutenant Colonel Fortescue, Captain Noble, Captain Dumbarr, and above a Hundred Officers more, Subscribed a Resolution to Prosecute him upon these Articles, in order to the removing him from all Trust either in the Stores, or in the Army. This occasioned a Motion which Governor Baker readily assented to, viz. That all the Government of the Stores, as well as the Garrison should be managed by a Council of 14, of which he was to be Precedent, and nothing be done but by them. But the Meetings of this Council were soon after, through the Difficulty of the Siege, especially the danger of the Bombs, much interrupted, though the Authority of it continued till the end of the Siege. This being granted them, Governor Baker earnestly persuaded, and at last prevailed with them to desist at that time from the Prosecution of the forementioned Articles. Yet these Articles were revived, and increased to the number of 14, soon after Governor Baker's Death. Yet all this did not sufficiently caution Mr. Walker from what the Garrison looked on, as an intruding himself into that part of the Government that was never intended him: For after Governor Baker's Death, he called a Court-Martial, and appointed lieutenant-colonel campbel to be Precedent of it. The Officers hearing that the Court was set, came in, and publicly discharged them from Sitting any longer, declaring that he had no power that appointed them, and accordingly they were presently Dissolved.  
There are but two things relating to the Articles forementioned I would take notice of. Those who most suspected the design mentioned in the third Article to be real, privately agreed in all their Sallies, afterwards to keep a good Reserve in the Town for the prevention of it, the Care whereof was entrusted by turns to Lieutenant Colonel cairn's and Captain James Gladstanes, (two Gentlemen that showed great Fidelity and Prudence in the Council, as well as Courage in several Sallies for the Defence of the City.) And the 4th Article occasioned an Order of Council that Mr. Walkers Note should not be accepted by the Keepers, till signed by the Governor or Major adam's.  
June 5th. The Besiegers had thrown a great many small Bombs before this, but they began about this time with great ones of 273 l. weight, each of them being weighed after 17 l. of powder had been taken out of it. Some of these (both great and small) did not break, having lost their Fire: Those which they threw in the Night, did not much hurt to people that were able to go to the Walls; Because they were easily seen and shunned: But several that were Sick were killed in their Houses. We were in greater hazard by those thrown in the Day, it being more difficult to see them: The dread of them forced our people to lie about the Walls all Night, and to go to the places remotest from Houses, some out of Ferry-key gate, some to the Ravelin, and others to the Wind-mill-hill; And the Cold which the Men, especially the Women and Children contracted hereby, added to their want of Rest and Food, occasioned Diseases in the Garrison, as Fevers, Flux, etc. of which great Numbers died. The Bombs by throwing down some Houses, furnished us with Fuel, which we then stood in great need of: One of these Bombs fell into the House of Captain James Boyd, and broke down the side of it, killing himself; But several Officers who were then at Dinner, escaped the Danger, though it fell near the Room where they Dined. Another Bomb killed Mr. Alexander Lindsay the Chirurgeon, who was very useful to the Sick and Wounded Soldiers. And one Major Breme was killed with a Canon-Ball: Another Bomb killed Mr. Henry Thompson a Burgess of this City, who shown great Zeal for the Defence of it: Another killed 14 Men, and Fired one or two Barrels of Powder in a back House. Another killed 7, another killed 3 of our Men.  
June 7th. There came 3 Ships up to Culmore, and fired at the Castle several days, and one of them running a ground, or being left by the Tide, was much endangered by the Enemy's Canon. The Enemy called to us from their Lines, to send down Carpenters to mend her: But we soon had the Satisfaction of seeing her get off again.  
About this time Governor Baker was a little indisposed, and kept his Chamber.  
June 13th. Major General Kirk appears with a Fleet in the Lough below Culmore, which gave us at the present the joyful Prospect, not only of the Siege being soon raised, but of being furnished with Provisions, which then grew very scarce, as appears by the Allowance our Men then had from the Stores. They were already Reduced to such Straits, that where they could find a Horse a Grazing near the Windmill, they would kill and eat him: But when we saw them lie in the Lough without any Attempt to come up, it cast a cold damp on our too confident hopes, and sunk us as low as we were raised at the first sight of them.  
Upon the appearing of the Ships, the Enemy seemed to be in a mighty Consternation: We observed a great Motion in their Camp of pulling down Tents, (as we heard,) in order to decamping; And many of their common Soldiers (as the Country people informed us) changed their red Coats, and ran away. But the Terror was soon over, when they saw them make no great Attempt to come up, though they had both, Wind and Tide to assist them. And the Enemy quickly began to draw down their Cannon, and soon after to raise Batteries at Charlesfort, where they planted some of their Guns to oppose the Ships coming up to our Relief: And some time after they begun to make a Boom cross the River from that Fort to Brook-Hall, directly opposite to it. This first Boom was made of Oak-Beams, chained together with Iron and great Cables twisted about them: For a week together we saw them making some Preparations for this Boom cross the River, as drawing of Timber, etc. We afterwards saw several Boats on the Water busied about it, but (as the Country people since informed us,) it was not entirely finished till about a fortnight after the Ships appeared in the Lough. But this Boom when finished, was useless to their design, because it did not Float, and it was broke by the great Tides: After this they made another of Fir-Beams, chained as the other was. This Floated, and served their purpose better; But this latter Boom, or what was lest of it, the Mountjoy of Derry broke.  
June 16th. Coll. Walker had proposed to agree with the Enemy to take 500 l. ransom for Lieut. Coll. Talbot. A sort of Council was held in Gou. Baker's Chamber, wherein this was carried; but Gou. Baker perceiving it to be ill resented in the Garrison, declined it: But Coll. Walker urged it with some violence and threats against those that opposed it; and ordered the Bier that should carry him away to be this day brought to his Lodging; at which the multitude were so enraged, that Mr. Walker should take so much on him, that they took the Bier and made a fire of it in the Mainguard. They searched for Mr. Walker, who had fled for sanctuary to Baker's Chamber in the Bishop's House: Not finding him immediately, they took all the Prisoners that were able to walk from their several Lodgings, and carried them to Gaol: They had searched Mr. Walker's own Lodging, whence they took the Beer, Mum, & Butter, which they found to the Store: And being informed that Mr. Walker was in the Bishops-house, they pursued him, some threatening to shoot him, others to send him to the Gaol. Governor Baker, to whom they paid a great deference, came out (though indisposed) to pacify them, engaged there should be no ransom taken for the Prisoners, entreated them for his sake to pass by what Mr. Walker had done, and suffer the Prisoners to go to their own Lodgings again; all which they (with some difficulty) consented to, at Governor Baker's entreaty. What construction the multitude put on this Practice of Mr. Walker's, I think not fit to mention.  
We afterwards offered to release Lieut. Coll. Talbot, on Condition they would permit a Messenger to go and return from the Ships; but this would not be granted, and soon after Talbot died, and put an end to this Dispute.  
About this time the Fever, Flux, and other Distempers grew rife, and a great mortality spread itself through the Garrison, as well as the Inhabitants, insomuch as it was observed, that 15 Captains or Lieutenants died in one day: And the Garrison being in great straight for want of Provisions, some of the Citizens and others concerned for the public good, met, called the Captain of the Gunners, Alexander Watson, and ordered the Gunners (who for the most part lived in Town) to make diligent search for Provisions, which they did to good purpose; for digging up Cellars and other places, they got much Provision under the ground, which some that went away, and others during the Siege had hid: And many that saw how sincerely concerned they were for the safety of the place, brought forth their Provisions of their own accord. By this means the Garrison was furnished with Bread (though the allowance was little) till the end of the Siege.  
Our Iron-bullet was much spent, but this defect was supplied with Lead-bullets made with pieces of Brick in the middle of them. Will. Brown, Adjutant to Governor Baker's Regiment, was industrious and dexterous in this piece of Service.  
There was Oats, Shilling, and Malt in Town, which could not be used for want of Mills; therefore Capt. Gregory and some other Work men took care to have a Horse-mill built, as also to have Carriages made for the Guns, some of which were so out of order, that sometimes we could not use them when we wanted them  
About this time, since the Enemy had so barred us up from getting any Messenger sent to the Ships for Intelligence, the Besieged built a Boat (none being here) to go down by Water; Lieut. Crookshanks took care of this, and some of our men in the night attempted to go down in it, but they were beat back by the Enemies shot from each side of the Water.  
June 17. or thereabouts, Gover. Baker's Distemper increases, and he becomes dangerously ill; and Coll. Mitchelburn was deputed by Baker Governor during his Sickness.  
June 18. Coll. Murray, Capt. Noble, Capt. Dumbar, Capt. Homes, two Lieutenants, and about 20 more went up the Water in the Night in our New Boat; 'twas given out to rob the Fish-houses in the Isse, but the real Design was to land a Messenger or two in a Wood about 4 Miles up the River, to send to Inniskillin: But the Enemy soon took the Alarm, and as the Boat passed by Evans Wood, they fired a great Gun planted there at her, which narrowly missed her. As our Men went further up, the Enemy fired at them on both sides the shore: But when they came up to Dunnelong Wood, where they designed to land their 2 Messengers, the Boys were so terrified that they durst not venture ashore; and it being now early in the Morning, our Men discovered two large Boats behind them, which the Enemy had set out and manned with Dragoons to cut off their return: Our Men made towards them, and soon came to a very sharp engagement; for after their shot being spent on both sides, one of the Enemy's Boats came up close to theirs, thinking to have boarded them; but as it happily fell out, they Catcht a Tartar; for our Men were as quickly in upon them, beat back some of them into the Water, and killed 3 or 4 others, besides a Lieutenant in the Enemy's Boat, whereupon the rest threw down their Arms and called for quarter. We took 13 Prisoners in this Boat: The Enemy in the other Boat seeing this ill success of their Friends, made off with what haste they could. We carried our Prisoners and some small Prize towards the City, the Enemy still firing at us from the shore; yet in all this Adventure not one of our Men was hurt, (except Coll. Murray, who received some shots in his Head-piece that bruised his Head, and for a while indisposed him for service) but one of the Prisoners that sat among them was wounded by a shot from the shore. So remarkable was the Guard of Divine Providence about us. Our Men being encouraged by this Success, landed their Prisoners near the City, delivered them to the Guards, and returned to attack a Party of the Enemy who were at that time drawing off one of their Guns; but the Enemy perceiving the resolute approach of our Men, left her and fled: Our Men pursued them to the top of the Hill, till they perceived another strong Party marching under covert of the Hill, to get betwixt them and their Boats, upon which they retreated, and had scarce time to recover her before the Enemy came up.  
About the 20th. of June, Conrade de. Rosen, Marshal General of K. James' Forces, arrived at the Enemy's Camp, and soon after raised several Batteries in the Night, and a Line on the other side of the Bogg opposite to the Windmill, and brought their Camp and Trenches near to us, and run a Line through the Orchard, opposite to Butchers-gate, within some few Perches of it, and ordered the Mortar-pieces to be taken from the Orchard on the other side the Water, and placed on the side of the Hill above the Bogg, on the Westside of the Town, and planted their battering Guns (which threw a Ball of 20 or 21 pounds' weight) at a convenient distance before the Butchers-gate: They plied us hard both with their Bombs and Battering-Guns: The Bombs they threw some in the Night, and some in the day, at uncertain hours, till the 21st. of July, after which time they threw no more. Of the number of the Bombs, and the time of their throwing, you'll find an account annexed. And here began the close Siege.  
We used all endeavours to get Intelligence from the Ships, but could have none. We made many signs from the Steeple, both by Canon-shot and drawing in our Flagg, to represent our distressed condition to them. But June 25. one Roch, a Messenger, came to Town from Major General Kirk; when he came to the Waterside, having no expectation of a Boat, he swum over, and gave us an account of the Ships, Men, Provisions and Arms that were there for our Relief; adding, that 'twas desired if he got safe to Town, to give them in the Ships notice of it by 4 Guns from the Steeple, which was accordingly done. There came another Messenger along with him, one Cromy; but because he could not swim, he lay hid a day or two in the Bushes, expecting a Boat to be sent for him in the Night, as the other had promised: But the Enemy's Guards found him, and being in hazard of his Life, they made him Promise to give the Besieged a discouraging Account, and then hung out a Flag for a Parley, which was granted, and some were sent over the Water to discourse him: He (being sworn to do so) repeated to them the Words that had been put into his Mouth; but when Lieut. Coll. Blair enquired why he gave a different Account from what Roch had done, he replied, He was in the Enemy's Camp, Roch within the Walls of Derry. Roch tried to go to Major General Kirk again, but was forced to come back because of the Enemy's Guards on the Waterside.  
This extremely troubled us, that no Messenger could get down to give the Major General an Account of our distressed condition. There came one Mac Gimpsy to Coll. Murray, and voluntarily offered to swim down the Water with Intelligence. Coll. Murray acquaints the Deputy Governor Mitchelburn with it; but he delaying, he resolved to send him down, promised a Reward, and wrote by him a Letter signed by himself, his Lieutenant Collo. cairn's, and Captain Gladstanes, representing the great extremity they were reduced to, and with all imaginable earnestness importuning speedy Relief.  
This Letter was close tied in a little Bladder, in which were put 2 Musket Bullets, that if the Enemy should take him, he might break the little string wherewith 'twas tied about his Neck, and so let it sink in the Water. Whether this Messenger was taken alive by the Enemy, or was killed by running himself against the Boom (as some reported) is uncertain; But within a Day or two they hung up a Man on a Gallows in the view of the City on the other side the water, and called over to us to acquaint us it was our Messenger.  
The Enemy work every Night to bring their Trenches near the Walls for Mineing. Our Men were diligent to counter-line them, being incited to it every Night by Governor Mitchelburn. These Works were carried on by the care of Capt. Schambroon, and the indefatigable Pains and Charges of Capt. Michael Cuningham, and Mr. Will. Mackee, who both paid some of the Soldiers for working out of their own Pockets, and gave many of those that wrought Meat at their own Houses: Hereby the Enemy were kept from getting to the near side of the Bogg, without which they could Draw no Mines: There was besides a Blind raised by the Persons forementioned before the Butchers-gate, to defend it from the Enemies battering Guns, which had already done some hurt to it. A Collection, by way of Free-offering, was made among the Inhabitants to carry on this work.  
June the 28th. The Lord Clancarty with his Regiment comes to the Besiegers Camp, and that Night attacked our Outworks at the Butchers-gate, and few of our men being out at that time, they soon possessed themselves of them. In the mean time, they were throwing their Bombs, one of them coming short of the Walls, fell among their own men, which discovered them on their March towards the said Works: Upon this, the few men that were out retired within the Gate. The Enemy was led on by their Lieutenant Colonel Skelton, who had some detachments with him besides Clancarties' Regiment: One on Horseback comes close to the Gate, and called for Fire to burn it. Captain Noble, and Dumbar sally out with our men, some at Bishopsgate, and some at Butchers-gate, to the number of 60 or 80 at first, more soon followed. The sallyers attack them so briskly, being well assisted from the Walls by great and small shot, that they were forced to quit our Works, and run to their own Lines, to their great dishonour as well as loss. The number of those killed on the place was about 30, how many were wounded, and afterwards died, we could not tell. Some Officers were killed, viz. A French Lieutenant Colonel, Captain Obrian, a French Captain, an English Captain, an English Lieutenant, Captain Mackanrtie, Corporal Mac-Guire, and a private Sonldier, were taken Prisoners.  
At this time Governor Baker died, justly lamented by the Garrison, in whose affections his prudent and resolute Conduct had given him a great Interest. After Governor Baker's death, there were several meetings appointed for the Election of a Governor, but continual action prevented them: However Colonel Mitchelburn, who had been Deputy Governor during Baker's sickness, continued to act as Governor, though without any confirmation from the Council.  
June the 30th. Conrade de Rosen, Marshal General of King James' Forces, (who was said to swear by the Belly of God, that he would demolish our Town, and bury us in its Ashes,) sent in this following Letter to the Governor and Officers.  
Conrade de , Marshal General of all his Majesty's Forces,  
DEclares by these presents, to the Commanders, Officers, Soldiers, and Inhabitants of the City of London-Derry, that in case they do not betwixt this and Monday next, at six of the Clock in the Afternoon, being the first of July, in the year of our Lord, 1689. agree to surrender the said place of London-Derry unto the King, upon such Conditions as may be granted them, according to the Instructions and Power, Lieutenant General Hamilton formerly received from his Majesty, that he will forthwith issue out his Orders from the Barony of Innishowen, and the Seacoasts round about as far as Charlemont, for the gathering together of those of their Faction, whether protected or not, and cause them immediately to be brought to the Walls of London-Derry, where it shall be lawful for those in the same, (in case they have any pity of them,) to open the Gates and receive them into the City, otherwise they will be forced to see their Friends and nearest Relations, all starved for want of Food, he having resolved not to leave any of them at home, nor any thing to maintain them. He further declares, that in case they refuse to submit, he will forthwith cause all the said Country to be immediately destroyed, that if any succour should be hereafter sent them from England, they may perish with them for want of Sustenance; besides which, he hath a very considerable Army, as well for the opposing of them, in all places that shall be judged necessary, as for the protection of all the rest of his Majesty's dutiful Subjects, whose goods and Chattels he promises to secure, destroying all the rest that cannot conveniently be brought into such places as he shall judge fit to be preserved, and burning the Houses and Mills, not only of those that are in actual Rebellion, but also of their Friends and adherents, that no hopes of escaping may be left for any man, beginning this very day to send his necessary Orders to all Governors, and other Commanders of his Majesty's Forces, at Colerain, Antrim, Carrickfergus, Belfast, Dungannon, Charlemount, Belturbet, Sligo, and to Colonel Sarsfield, commanding a flying Army beyond Bellishanny; Colonel Sutherland, commanding another towards Inniskillin; and the Duke of Berwick, another on the Finwater; to cause all the Men, Women and Children, who are any wise related to those in London-Derry, or any where else, in open Rebellion, to be forthwith brought to this place, without hopes of withdrawing further into the Kingdom. Moreover he declares, that in case before the said Monday, the first day of July, in the year of our Lord 1689. be expired, they do not send us Hostages, and other Deputies with a full and sufficient power to treat with us for the surrender of the said City of London-Derry, on reasonable conditions; they shall not after that time be admitted to any Treaty whatsoever, and the Army which shall continue the Siege, and will with the assistance of God soon reduce it, shall have order to give no Quarters, or spare either Age or Sex in case it is taken by force. But if they return to the obedience due to their natural Prince, he promises them, that the Conditions granted to them in his Malesties' name, shall be inviolably observed by all his Majesty's Subjects, and that he himself will have a care to protect them on all occasions, even to take their part, if any injury contrary to agreement should be done them, making himself responsible for the performance of the Conditions on which they shall agree to surrender the said place of London-Derry to the King.  
Given under my hand this 30th. day of June, in the year of our Lord, 1689. Le Marshal de Rosen. Par Monseigneur, Fetart.  
Lieutenant General Hamilton, had also a little before this Letter, sent into Town the following Proposals.  
Lientenant General Hamiltons' Proposals.  
1. That Colonel O-Neal, has a power to discourse with the Governony of Derry, from General Hamilton, as appears by his sending this.  
2. That the General has full power does appear by his Commission.  
3. That General Rosen, has no power from the King to intermeddle with what Lientenant General Hamilton does as to the Siege, being only sent to oppose the English Succours and that all Conditions and Parleys are left to the said Lieutenant General Familton, that as to what Articles shall be agreed on, they may see by the Kings Warrant he has full power to confirm them. Notwithstanding, if they do not think this sufficient, he will give what other reasonable security they can demand. As to the English Landing, such as had Commissions from the Triace of Orange need not be apprehensive, since it will be the King's interest to take as much care of his Pretestant Subjects as of any other, he making no distinction of Religion.  
4. As to what concerns the Inniskilling people, they shall have the same terms as those of Derry on their submission, the King being willing to show mercy to all his Subjects, and quiet his Kingdoms.  
5. That the Lieutenant General, desires no better than having it communicated to all the Garrison, he being willing to employ such as will freely swear to serve his Majesty faithfully, and all such as have a desire to live in Town shall have Protection, and free liberty of Goods and Religion.  
As to the last point, such as have a mind to return to their Homes, shall have a necessary Guard with them to their respective Habitations, and Victuals to supply them, where they shall be restored to all they possessed formerly, not only by the Sheriffs and Justices of the Peace, but also by Governors and Officers of the Army, who from time to time will do them right, and give them reprizals of Cattle from such as have taken them to the Mountains  
At the Camp at Derry June 27th. 1689. Rich. Hamilton.  
Lest these Proposals should be kept up from the Garrison, (they weakly imagining the Soldiers more inclinable to comply, than the Governor or Officers,) they threw them into us in a dead Bomb, the better to disperse them.  
These Proposals not being accepted, the French General issues out his Orders, as he had threatened in his Letter, and drove in all the Protestants for near 10 miles round, protected as well as unprotected, Men, Women, and Children, the 2 d. of July. Many tender people, and some Women with Child, died by the rude and barbarous usage they met with on the Road, (being most stripped and guarded in dirty Pounds and rotten Houses, etc.) When they first appeared, we took them for a body of the Enemy, and the Guns were discharged at them, but the shot (being directed by an unerring hand,) touched none of our Friends, but as we afterwards heard, killed some of those merciless Soldiers that were pushing them on. But it was dismal to us to hear their cries, when we perceived who they were, and saw the Fnemy driving them with their drawn Swords down to the Walls: Our men resolved to put them without our Lines at the Windmill, and in the Night many of them were brought within our Lines; It moved our compassion the more, when these poor people so earnestly entreated us, not to surrender out of pity to them, adding, that they knew they would save neither us nor them alive after it. This put the Governor and Officers on making the following Experiment: They immediately ordered a Gallows to be Erected on the Bastion next the Camp, on which they threaten to hang all the Prisoners (now put into Gaol) if these people have not leave to go to their several Habitations. Lieutenant Colonel campbel, and Captain Jenny a Clergyman (two Gentlemen that were very Faithful and Active in the Garrison) are sent to remind them of preparing for death: Upon which they writ this following Letter, and have leave to send a Messenger to carry it, and bring back an Answer.  
My Lord,  
UPon the hard dealing the Protected (as well as other Protestants) have met withal, in being sent under the Walls, you have so Incensed the Governors and others of this Garrison, that we are all Condemned by Count-Martial to die to Morrow, undess these poor People be withdrawn: We have made Application to Marshal General de Rosen, but having received no Answer, we make it our request to you, (as knowing you are a person that does not delight in shedding innocent Blood) that you will represent our Condition to the Mares●bal General; the Lives of 20 Prisoners lie at Stake, and therefore require your Diligence and Care. We are all willing to die (with our Swords in our Hands) for his Majesty, but to suffer like Malefactors is hard: Nor can we lay our Blood to the Charge of the Garrison, the Governors and the rest having used and treated us with all Civility imaginable. We remain,  
Your most Dutiful and Dying Friends, Nettervile, E. Butler, G. Aylmor, Mac Donall, in the Name of all the rest.  
To Lieutenant General Hamilton.  
The Lieutenant General returns to them this following Answer.  
Gent.  
IN Answer to yours, what these poor people are like to suffer, they may thank themselves for, being their own fault; which they in Town may prevent by accepting the Conditions have been offered them; And if you suffer in this, it cannot be helped, but shall be Revenged on many Thousand of these people, (as well Innocent, as others) within or without the City.  
Ric. Hamilton.  
But notwithstanding this Answer, we supposed the regard they had to their Imprisoned Friends prevailed with them: For the poor people had liberty to return to their Dwellings on the third of July, and many of our weak people, and Women got away among them, though they sent many back knowing them by their Colour: We got some able Men among them, which were driven in, who stayed with us to the end of the Siege. The Enemy soon saw their Error in this Treatment of the poor People: The Garrison had here a convincing Instance before their Eyes, how little Trust there was to be reposed in their Promises: For many of these people had Protections under the Kings or Lieutenant Generals own hands: And this could not fail of making them obstinate against all Proposals of Surrendering, while it was possible to hold out. The people being sent away, the Gallows was taken down, and the Prisoners sent to their several Lodgings: About this time, Mr. Andrew Robinson left us, but the Enemy stripped and sent him back, because of some imprudent Expressions.  
Capt. Beatty also went away, and took Protection, and lived at Monymore. But the reason of it was, because he had a Violent Flux, which rendered him useless to the Garrison, and he went to try if he could recover his Health: For he had been at all the Encounters and Skirmishes with the Enemy before, and ever behaved himself with great Integrity and Valour.  
About the 6th or 7th of July, we observed few Men about their Camps: Governor Mitchelburn by Advice draws out the Body of our Men beyond our Lines at the Windmill, that we might know what Body of Men would appear to oppose them: Some of our Men go down to the old Ditches, and fire at theirs in their Lines. The Enemy fired at them, Colonel Barker with about a dozen Horse came to the Strand, and stood at a distance: Few of their Foot, not above two Companies appear Marching down to the rest that were in the Lines: But it growing dark, our Men by mistaking the word of Command, came within our own Lines again in some Confusion: Colonel Barker received a Shot in his Hand, which put him into an high Fever, whereof he was reported to have died.  
About this time, we heard a loud Huzza in all the Camps of the Enemy round the City, which when we inquired the reason of, they told us it was for joy of Inniskillin being taken.  
July the 11th. The Enemy calls for a Parley, and sends one to know if we would Treat with them for Surrendering the City. We considered most of the Ships were gone, we knew not whither, Provisions grew extreamy scarce; and therefore to gain time, it was thought advisable to agree to it: They desired that if we agree to Treat, there may be 6 Commissioners chosen on each side, that we send the Names of the 6 we would choose, and the Terms we would demand with some person the next day being the 12th, and they would send the Names of their ● the same day, that they might have time to consider our Terms. And Saturday 13 was appointed the day of Treaty: All which was agreed to.  
The Names of the Commissioners, and the Terms, you'll find in the Commission and Articles annexed in the end.  
These Articles were sent to the Enemy, with the Names of the Commissioners for the City, on the 12th of July, and on the 13th, the 6 Commissioners went out, being empowr'd to Treat with the Enemy.  
About their Commission, there was great Debate: Some of the Council of fourteen, would have had the Commission run in their Name; because they had the power: Mitchelburn and Walker laid some claim to it (though Mr. Walker had only his first Post, and Mitchelburn was only deputed Governor by Baker during his Sickness; but never confirmed Governor by a Council.) The Colonels and other Officers would have had it run in theirs; because the Interest was chief theirs. But at last the Name of Governors in General, without any particular Application of it, was (though not without great Opposition) thought fit to be used, for this reason, that the Enemy might not look upon us as a Confused multitude without any Government.  
July 13th. Our Commissioners went out to the Enemy's Camp, and had a long Debate till Night with the Commissioners on their side. The Enemy consented to all things material demanded in the foresaid Articles, except 3. viz. 1. The time for Surrendering: They would grant no longer time than till Monday the 15 at 12 a Clock. 2. The Securing of Hostages, they would allow they should be kept in Derry; but not put into the Ships that Major Gen. Kirk brought. 3. The manner of Marching out: They would allow no Arms to our Soldiers, but only to the Officers and Gentlemen in Town. Our Commissioners returned, and with great Difficulty obtained time till next day at 12 a Clock to return an Answer.  
That Night, after the return of the Commissioners, there was a Council, where the Commissioners gave an Account of their Negotiation that day, and a Council was appointed at 8 a Clock the next. Morning, to consider what Answer they should return.  
While our Commissioners were out on the Treaty, Colonel Walker received a Letter from Lieutenant David Mitchell out of the Ships by a little Boy, and Transcribed it with some Additions of his own: For whereas the Letter mentioned Major General Kirks having sent some to Encamp at Inch, he wrote it 4000 Horse, and 9000 Foot; This humour was the more unaccountable, because upon the return of the Commissioners, he earnestly urged a compliance with the Enemy's demands, for Surrendering the Town the next day: And therefore when the Contents of his Letter from Lieutenant Mitchel were Objected to him as a strong Argument against Surrendering, especially the Numbers that were Landed, he confessed that part of the Letter to have been framed by himself: Which indiscretion, joined with his ill Advice, had like to have proved of as Dangerous Consequence to himself, as the Advice had been to the Garrison, if they had complied with it.  
July 14th. The Council met, and had some debate about the Answer to be returned: And the following Answer was resolved upon (not without renewed Opposition from Colonel Walker,) That unless the Enemy would give us time till the 26th of July, and secure the Hostages in the Ships, we would not Surrender: And for the manner of Marching out, that was left to the Commissioners to Debate. The Commissioners went out, and delivered this Answer: But the Enemy refusing absolutely to grant these Terms, the Treaty was ended. So evidently did that gracious God (who had Determined our Deliverance, and to whose all-comprehending Eye that particular Season of it that would most Illustrate his own Glory was obvious) infatuate the Councils, and harden the Hearts of our Enemies: Had they accepted the Proposals, the City had been unavoidably Surrendered; And we could not have held out 3 or 4 days longer than the time we desired.  
July the 16th. About 10 a Clock, a small Party of the Enemy suddenly Attacked our works without Butcher's Gate (none of our Men being out) and soon possessed themselves of them; But from the Walls they were warmly Repulsed, and beat off again. Our Men beat them with Stones out of the old Walls. Some few were killed, and one taken Prisoner in this Action.  
Two Regiments of the Enemy Marched down from their Camp in order, towards the works on the Windmill-hill. Our Men go out cheerfully to the Works in considerable Numbers, encouraged thereto by Governor Mitchelburn The Enemy when they came to the middle of the Hill stopped, and wheeled about, and Marched back again up the other side of the Park. Our Men raised an Huzza from one end of the Line to the other, waving their Hats to them to come down, but they Marched off.  
This day Colonel Murray, and about 12 more with him, went down to Flank the Enemy's Trench before Butcher's Gate, and continued firing till their Ammunition was spent; One of his Men was killed, viz. James Murray, and himself shot through both the Thighs up near his Body, which proved so dangerous to him, that he did not fully recover of it till near November. A few days after he was wounded, there fell out a sad Accident in his Chamber. Lieutenant Ross came there, to search as he pretended for some of Sir Arthur. Rawden's Saddles, etc. His unexpected rudeness, occasioned some heat betwixt him, and one of Coll. Murrays Regiment, and the Lieutenant, striking several times at him with his Sword, the other took up a Carbine and shot him dead.  
The Enemy had played very smartly at the Town and Gate with their battering Guns, and about this time, they took them away in the Night down to Brook-Hall, where the Boom was, and planted them there.  
There was no Action of Note from this time to the 25th of July: The Enemy had several Cows feeding behind their Lines very near us; Our Men resolve they will try to get so welcome a prey into their own Hands, and accordingly July 25th. early in the Morning they go out at Shipkey, Bishops and Butchers Gates, Surprised Sir John Fitzgerald's Regiment who were in those Lines, made havoc of them, beat them from their Trenches, killed Lieutenant Colonel Fitzgerald; and Captain Franc Wilson took Captain Nugent Prisoner. A Party of the Enemies from the nearest Camp came quickly down, which forced our Men (being then enfeebled with the scarcity of Provision) to retire without their desired Prey. There was a considerable number of the Enemy killed; We lost one Lieutenant Fisher, who was killed by a shot from the Enemy's Drake, as he was going out. We afterwards tried another Experiment of tying a Cow to a stake, and setting Fire to her, in hope of drawing in some of theirs; but she breaking lose that project failed.  
About the 20th of this Month, Provisions growing extremely scarce; one Mr. James Cunningham Merchant, found out a way of supplying the Garrison for six or seven days: He showed them where there was a good quantity of Starch in the Town, which they mixed with Tallow, and made pancakes of: Which proved not only good food, but Physic too to many of those whom Weariness and ill Diet had cast into a Flux.  
July 28. This Morning Captain Charleton left us, and went to the Enemy. Mr. Walker about this time had preached a discouraging Sermon: And indeed the desperate Necessities that were growing upon us had almost sunk us all into a Despair of Relief. But the hour of our Extremity was the fit season for Divine Providence to interpose, and render itself the more observable in our Deliverance: For this Evening about seven a Clock we perceived 3 Ships (viz. The Mountjoy of Derry, the Phoenix of Colerain, and the Dartmouth Fright'st,) coming up the Lough of Culmore, betwixt whom and those in the Fort there was desperate firing: But when we perceived they had passed the Fort, our Expectations of speedy Succour raised us to a strange transport of Joy. The Enemy plied them with Cannon and small Shot from both sides the River, and the Ships made them good Returns: But when the foremost Vessel came (as 'tis supposed) to the Boom, she made some stop, the little Wind they had while they passed the Fort entirely failing, and a dead calm succeeding. The smoke of the Shot both from the Land and from the Ships clouded her from our sight, and she was (as we afterwards learned) unhappily run a ground. And when the Enemy, who gathered in swarms to the Waterside, raised a loud Huzza along the Shore, telling us, Our Ships were taken, and we perceived them both firing their Guns at them, and preparing Boats to board them, this struck such a sudden Terror into our Hearts, as appeared in the very blackness of our Countenances. Our Spirits sunk, and our hopes were expiring. But this did not continue long: For the Mountjoy by firing a Broadside, with the help of the increasing Tide, got off from the Shore. And we soon perceived the Ships firing at them, and advancing towards us, though but slowly, which made the Enemy draw their Guns from place to to place after them. But at last they came up to the Key, to the inexpressible Joy of our Garrison, that was at this time reduced to that Distress, that 'twas scarce possible for them to subsist above 2 or 3 Days longer. The first that broke or passed the Boom was the Mountjoy of Derry, commanded by Capt. Micaiah Browning, who was to our great regrett killed by the Enemy's shot. (A Gentleman, whose Memory should never be forgotten by the Garrison and Inhabitants of Derry, who generously sacrtficed his own life for the preservation of theirs, and had freely offered to make this Attempt sooner, if the Major Gen. would have permitted him:) But the Phoenix of Colerain came first to the Key, Capt. Andrew Douglass Master, laden with 800 Bowls of Meal from Scotland. The Ships came in late: And that we might the better secure the People employed in bringing in the Provisions to the Stores, there was a Blind made along the Key of Casks and Hogsheads filled with earth. The Enemy continued to fire at us from their Trenches, as before, till the 31st of July. That day we perceived them firing several parts of the Country about. In the Night they burned all the Tents and Huts of their Camp round the City, and before the daylight had gone off towards Lifford and Strabane, keeping a strong rereguard of Horse. We had no Horse left to pursue them, and our Foot were in no condition to make such an Attempt. They encamped at Lifford and Strabane, till they heard the unwelcome News of their Forces under the Command of Major General Maccarty, being routed by the Iniskilling Men. This so alarmed them, that for hast they burst some of their big Guns, threw Wagons of Arms into the River, and left many of their Army that were sick behind them. Some few of our Men went out, and brought in some Granadeer Prisoners, that were firing houses at 6 or 7 Miles distance from the City. Others of them went to Inch, where Colonel Stewart having received Orders to Ship all his Men and come off, had called a Council of his Officers, and by their Advice delayed the Execution of them, till he had sent to acquaint the Major General with the condition of the Protestants there, and should receive his further Orders, as being loath to expose so considerable a Body of them as had come in to him to the merciless Fury of an enraged Enemy.  
And thus was the Siege of Derry raised, to the Admiration of our Friends, who had given us over for lost, and to the disappointment of our Enemies, who were no less confident they should soon make themselves Masters of so weak and indefensible a Place. The Glory of it being entirely due to the Almighty, who inspired a Garrison for the most part made up of a few raw and untrained Men, and those labouring under all possible discouragements, with that Resolution that enabled them to defeat all the Attempts of a numerous Army to reduce them. Their Zeal and Affection for the just Cause they had undertaken, supplying all the defects of Military Discipline. So singular has been the favour of God to that City (as well as Inniskilling) in making it once more a Sanctuary to the distressed Protestants of the Province of Ulster.  
Aug. 4. Capt. White, Capt. Dobbin, Capt. J. Hamilton, Capt. Jenny, and Mr. Knox were sent to the Major General, who that day came to Town. Coll. Crofton had waited on him at Inch, and desired leave to draw out 2 or 3 hundred Men, to go out into the County at large, to preserve the Houses of the Protestants from being burnt, promising also to bring in a vast quantity of Cattle: but his Proposal was rejected. And near a week after that some small Parties of Irish that stayed behind burnt Newton Limavady, and several gentlemen's houses in the County. The Major General put out several Proclamations, one, That all Persons not in Arms, who had fled to that place, should leave the City (the Country being now clear) and repair to their respective habitations, without taking any of their goods with them, unless they had a particular Order. Hereby the Bedding of many was detained from them. Another was, That no Person dying should be buried within the Walls. Great Droves of the Country People's Cattle were brought near the Town, upon pretence of their belonging to the Enemy, and so few could recover their own again, that many Families were deprived thereby of the only considerable means of their subsistence. Coll. Mitchelburn was made Governor by the Major General, in whose hands the Cattle were left, who fold them according to the Major General's Order for good Rates to the Butchers and others.  
An Address was prepared to be presented to the King: And Coll. Walker was appointed by the the Major General to go with it. Many of those that signed it neither knew of the Bearer, nor were well pleased with the great Compliment pafsed on the Major General in it, but were not willing at that time to make any disturbance by any public opposition to it.  
The Men were all drawn out to the Field, and every colonel's Regiment by itself. The Soldiers went out the more cheerfully, because it was reported the Major General would that day distribute 2000 l. amongst them. But they soon found themselves mistaken, not only in that, but in their hopes of continuing in their present Posts. Colonel Mitchelburn's, and Colonel Crofton's Regiments were joined, and Croston reduced. Colonel Walker's and Colonel Hamil's were joined, Walker demitted, and Hamil reduced, Capt. White boing made Colonel to it, (who died September following.) Colonel Monro's and Colonel Lance's Regiment joined, Colonel Monro reduced, Lance made Colonel, (who died September following.) Colonel Baker's and Colonel Murray's Regiment were designed to be joined, but all of Colonel Murray's (except a very few) refused, and went off into the Country with their Carrabines and Pistols, and the Major General seized their Saddles, as he also did Col. Murrays Horse, which he had preserved with great care during all the Siege. St. john's was made Col. of Baker's Regiment: This being done, the Major General named new Captains to most of the Companies, leaving them to choose their Lieutenants and Ensigns. So that a great many of those Captains, who had not only raised and armed their Companies almost wholly at their own charge, but had done the greatest Service in the Defence of the Town, were either disbanded or reduced: And their Companies were given to others, that had neither expended any thing of their Fortunes, nor hazarded their Lives in that Cause. This was ill resented in the Garrison, but when one of these Captains took the Liberty to complain of it, instead of any Redress, he was (as himself informed several of us) threatened with the new Gallows, which was ordered to be set up without the Ravelin. There were Orders also given to the Sentries at the Gates, that none should be suffered to go out with any Arms, and some that were walking out at the Gates had their Arms seized by the Guards placed there. This unexpected Treatment seemed very harsh and strange to them, that they could not be trusted to bear those Arms about them which they had so lately employed in the vigorous Defence of their Country. The weak and sick Soldiers had nothing allowed them to subsist on out of the Stores, whereby they were forced to travel, and beg their Bread in the Country, which being extremely depopulated, many of them perished for want. The Lieutenants and Ensigns fared no better than the Captains, many of them being turned out, and others, who had at least never been in the Siege, put in their Places. Nay, some that continued Captains, had Detachments of 15 Men taken out of their Companies, and put into the Regiments of such as could not raise Men, and then the Captains were threatened to be turned out if they made not up their Companies. Nay some of them were turned off, after they had been made use of to do that piece of Service for such as were intended to succeed them. And even the new modelled Regiments of Derry, that were received into the General's Army, had only the following subsistence.  
 l. s. d.  Colonel 0 5 0 per Diem Lieutenant colonel 0 3 0 Major 0 2 6 Captain 0 2 0 Lieutenant 0 1 0 Ensign 0 0 8  
Sergeants, Corporals, Drummers, and private Men 2 d. per diem each, besides Bread, and without Bread 3 d.  
The Inniskillin Foot had the same Allowance. And their Horse had only 9 d. a day for every private Trooper, and 6. d. a day for each of the Dragoons.  
But however they have been used by the Major General's Influence, they have always had a deep and grateful sense of his Majesty's extraordinary Care and Concern for their Preservation. And the Honourable Chararacter which he was graciously pleased to give of them and their Services in his Letter to them, was itself thought a valuable Reward, and resented with the highest Affections that Subjects can pay to a Prince who has an entire Sovereignty in their Hearts, and from whose generous goodness they still expect all the favour and encouragement, that may put them into a Capacity of giving more evident proofs to the World of their Zeal for the Protestant Religion, and Affection to his Majesty's Government.   


The Letter to my Lord Mountjoy, from the Inhabitants of Derry.  
Right Honourable,  
THe last Post carried up to his Excellency the News of what our Rabble had done in the Town, how they had shut the Gates against some of the Earl of Antrim 's Regiment, which we then blamed them for, though we could not restrain them; but yesterday and this day, being on all hands informed that a general Massacre was determined, at least in Ulster, to be executed on the British Protestants: And having certain intelligence that the Priests and Friars of late bought up great numbers and quantities of Horses and Arms, and other habiliments of War, as Chain-bridles; (whereof Dean Cahan for his part bought up twelve:) Recollecting further many dark Speeches in ordinary Conversation of late, and very odd Sermons by the Priests and Friars preached in this Neighbourhood: And hearing that the very Soldiers that were to quarter there, had been overheard to utter terrible threats against us, as to burn Houses, etc. And several Outrages being committed by some of them on several Persons, particularly one of them, without any provocation, cut one of the Ferry-men almost to the loss of his hand; 〈◊〉 of them broke open Houses, and took Provisions thence by force, etc. And when we were certainly informed, that under pretence of 8 Companies, consisting of 400 Men, that were to come to this Town, there were at least 1200 on the Road to this place, besides great numbers of Women and-Boys (which the Ultoghs always carry along with them, when they expect spoil:) And last, When we caused the Potent to be inspected, and found that it referred in the body thereof to the Names of the Captains underneath, and yet not one named: We cannot but think it a most wonderful Providence of God, to stir up the Mobile for our safety, and Preservation of the Peace of the Kingdom against such bloody Attempts as these Northern People had form against us, which we doubt not but his Excellency will look upon as a great and very acceptable service to his Majesty, to whom we resolve always to bear true Faith and Allegiance against all Disturbers of his Government whatsoever; and only to act in our own Defence, without the least disturbance or prejudice to any that will live peaceably with us. And we doubt not but all that are alarmed and terrified with the like danger, in this and adjacent Countys, and hereupon have put themselves also upon their defence, (to the Number, as we are informed from several parts, of near 20000 Horse and Foot) will do the same, if they be not assaulted. The Rabble in their heat sound means to get into the Magazine, and thence took some Arms and Ammunition: But we have caused it to be locked up, and a Guard set thereon, and an account taken of what is taken thence, and what left therein. Our request is, That your Lordship will represent our Danger to his Excellency, the Necessity we are under, and obtain from him his Allowance and Countenance, for secuing ourselves from these Ulster- Enemies, that will never be obedient, when they have power in their hand. Your Lordship's Kindness herein will be a perpetual Obligation on the Inhabitants of this City and Neighbourhood, and very much tend to his Majesty's service in preserving the Lives of thousands of his good and innocent Subjects, that were designed for slaughter. We remain,  
London-Derry, Dec. 9 1688. Your Lordship's Most Obedient humble Servants, John Campsie, Samuel Norman, etc.   

The Letter to the Society at London, sent from Derry by Mr. cairn's.  
Right Worshipful,  
IN our sad Calamity, and under the greatest Apprehensions of our total excision by the Irish in these parts of the Kingdom which border upon us, we thought it necessary for us immediately to dispatch David cairn's, Esq (a very worthy Citizen of this City, and lately a Member of this Corporation) into England, to report our Case to you, and to use his endeavours by all just means for our speedy Relief. And we have eternal Obligations laid on us to bless God, whose Mercy and Providence rescued us from the Designs of wicked Men, that conspired our ruin, without any Provocation on our parts, whose Inclinations as well as Interest it was to live peaceably with all Men.  
On Friday the 7th. Instant, several intimamations came to several hands hereabout, that on the Sunday following a Massacre was designed by the Irish in Ulster; and although it caused great thoughts of Heart to the most assured amongst us; yet none of the more aged and grave came to any other Resolution than to submit to the Divine Providence, whatever the event might be: And just in that juncture, whilst the younger and more inconsiderate were consulting their own safety, (and it seems had resolved on the means) a part of the Earl of Antrim's Regiment (newly levied, and all composed of Highlanders and Ulster Papists) came to the River side, and their Officers came over into the City to the Sheriffs, for quarters and lodgings for them: We confess our fears on the occasion became more pungent, but we still remained silent, except our Prayers and Devotions. But just as the Soldiers were approaching the Gates, the Youthhood by a strange impulse ran in one Body and shut the Gates, and put themselves in the best posture of defence they could. We blamed, but could not guide or persuade them to any less Resolution that night; and so the Soldiers retired, and were quartered in the Neighbourhood, where, although they did not murder or destroy any, yet many threats they uttered, and outrages they committed. The next day we hoped to prevail with those that assumed the Power of the City, to open the Gates and receive the Garrison; but the News and Intimations of the general Design came so fast, so full from all quarters, that we then blessed God for our present escape, effected by means unforeseen, and against our wills. In the general hurry and consternation of not us only, but all the neighbouring Counties, when we have but scarce time to hear the repeated Informations of our Danger, it is not possible for us to furnish the Bearer with all requisite Testimonials to evince this sad truth; nor will it consist with our safety to protract his stay till it can be done, the Vessel that carries him being just ready for sail. We must refer you to his Report, and Copies of Papers carried over by him (signed by us) for your further satisfaction in particulars; but do most humbly and hearty beseech you, as you are Men of Bowels and Charity to assist this Gentleman how best you can to secure us from the common Danger, and that we may peaceably live obeying his Majesty and the Laws, doing injury to no man, nor wishing it to any. Your Interest here is now no Argument worthy to engage you, the Lives of thousands of Innocent Men, Women and Children are at stake. If you can, and will not now afford your help to the utmost, we shall never be able to use a Motive to induce you, or to prevail upon you. May the Lord send Deliverance to us, and preserve you all in Peace and Tranquillity, is the hearty Prayer of  
London-Derry, Dec. 10. 1688. (Gentlemen) Your most Obedient Servants, 

George Phillips,  
John Campsie,  
Samuel Norman,  
Alexander Tomkins,  
Matthew Cotken, etc.     

A Letter from Inniskillin, directed to David cairn's, Esq or the other Officers commanding in chief now in London-Derry.  
Gentlemen,  
THe frequent Intelligence we have from all parts of this Kingdom of a general Massacre of the Protestants, and two Companies of Foot, of Sir Thomas Newcom's Regiment, viz. Capt. Nugent's, and Capt. Shurloes, being upon their March to Garrison here, and now within ten Miles, hath put us upon a Resolution of refusing them entrance, our desire being only to preserve our own Lives and the Lives of our Neighbours, this Place being the most considerable Pass between Conoght and Ulster, and hearing of your Resolutions we thought it convenient to impart this to you, as likewise to beg your Assistance both in your Advice and Relief, especially in helping us with some Powder, and in carrying on a Correspondence with us hereafter, as we shall with God's Assistance do with you; which is all at present from  
From Inniskillin, Dec. 15. 1688. (Gentlemen) Your faithful Friends and fellow Christians, The Inhabitants of Inniskillin.  
We are not now in a Condition to spare Men for a Guard, therefore must entreat your Assistance in that.  


Allan Cathcart.  
Will. Browning.  
Tho. Shore.  
William Smyth.  
Arch. Hamilton,  
Malc. Cathcant.  
Ja. Ewart.  
Robert Clarke.     

The DECLARATION of the Inhabitants of Derry.  
TO all Christian People to whom these Presents shall come, the Mayors, Sheriffs and Citizens of the City of London-Derry send greeting. Having received Intimation from several Credible Persons, That an Insurrection of the Irish was intended, and by them a general Massacre of the Protestants in this Kingdom, and the same to be acted and perpetrated on or about the 9th. day of this instant December. And being confirmed in our fear and jealousy of so horrible a Design, by many palpable Insinuations, dubious Expressions, monitory Letters, and positive Informations, all conducing and concurring to beget in us a trembling Expectation of a sudden and inevitable Ruin and Destruction. We disposed ourselves to a patiented and tame Resignation to the Divine Providence, quietly hoping for some Deliverance and diversion of this impending Misery, or to receive from the hand of God such measure of Constancy and Courage, as might enable us to possess our Souls in patience, and Submissively to wait the issue of so severe a Trial. Accordingly, when on the seventh instant, part of the Earl of Antrims Forces advanced to take possession of this place, though we looked on ourselves as Sheep appointed for Slaughter, and on them as the Executioners of Vengeance upon us; yet we contrived no other means of escape than by Flight, and with all Precipitation to hurry away our Families into other Places and Countries. But it pleased the Lord who watcheth over us, so to order things, that when they were ready to enter the City, a great Number of the younger, and some of the meaner sort of the Inhabitants ran hastily to the Gates and shut them, loudly denying Entrance to such Guests, and obstinately refusing Obedience to us. At first we were amazed at the Enterprise, and Apprehensive of the many ill Consequences that might result from so rash an Undertaking: But since that, having received repeated Advertisements of the general Design, and particular Informations, which may rationally induce us to believe it; And being credibly assared, that under the pretence of six Companies to quarter among us, a vast swarm of Highland and Irish Papists were on the ways and Roads appreaching to us; That some of the Popish Clergy in our Neighbourhood had bought up Arms, and provided an unusual furniture of Iron Chains for Bridles (whereof sixty were bespoke in one place, and some of them stized, and now in our Custody:) We began to consider it as an especial Instance of God's Mercy towards us, that we were not delivered over as a prey unto them, and that it pleased him to stir up the Spirits of the People so unexpectedly to provide for their and our common Safety and Preservation. Wherefore we do Declare and Remonstrate to the World, that as we have resolved to stand upon our Guard, and Defend our Walls, and not to admit of any Papists whatsoever to Quarter among us: So we have firmly and sincerely determined to persevere in our Duty and Loyalty to our Sovereign Lord the King, without the least umbrage of Mutiny, or Seditious Opposition to his Royal Commands. And sin●● n●●ther Motives have prompted us to this Resolution but the Preservation of our Lives, and to prevent the Plots and Machinations of the Enemies of the Protestant Religion, we are encouraged to hope that the Government will vouchsafe a candid and favourable Interpretation of our proceed, and that all 〈◊〉 Maj●●ties Protestant Subjects will interp●●● with their Prayers to God, their Solicitations to 〈◊〉 King, and their Advice and Assistance to us, on this 〈◊〉 extraordinary and emergent an Occasion; which may not holy have an influence on the rest of the King 〈◊〉, but 〈◊〉 have a probable Aspect toward the Interest of the Protestant Religion, and may deserv● a savourable regard from all the Professors thereof within his Majesty's Dominions.  
God Save the King.   

The Lord Mountjoys Articles, with the City of Derry, 21 Dec. 1688.  
Articles of Agreement Indented made and concluded by and between the Right Honourable Lord Viscount Mountjoy Master of the the Ordnance, and one of his Majesty's most Honourable Privy Councils, of 〈◊〉 part, and the Major and Sheriffs of 〈…〉 Londonderry, in behalf of themselves, and the Inhabitants of the said ●ity, and their Adherents, of the other part, at Londonderry this 21st of December 1688.  
1. THat the said Lord Mountjoy shall with all possible Expedition, and at furthest within 15 days after the date hereof, procure a free and general Pardon to all and every the Inhabitants of the City, Suburbs and Liberties of the City of Londonderry, and to all and every Person and Persons within the Province of Ulster, that have Abetted or Adhered unto them, for all matters and things relating to the late Commotion and Revolution in the said City; And for all Offences done against the Law, Murder excepted, and all penalties thereby incident and incurred; The same to be perfected under the great Seal, and delivered to the Sheriffs of the said City, or their Order, within the time before limited, and Published by Proclamations.  
2. That until the said Pardon be so perfected and delivered, no more or other Soldiers shall be Garrisoned in the said City, or quartered in the Liberties thereof, except the two Companies Commanded by Lieutenant Colonel Robert Lundy, and Captain William Stewart. And that whatsoever Companies shall after that time, and until the first day of March next be quartered in the said City and Liberties, shall consist of one half Protestants at the least.  
3. That until the Pardon be delivered as aforesaid, the Inhabitants of the said City, shall not be disturbed in keeping their Guards and Watches; And that no stranger or unknown Person shall be permitted to come within the City with Fire-Arms or Swords, or to lodge within the Gates all Night, unless he be allowed by Colonel Lundy, and the two Sheriffs.  
4. That if at any time before the first of March next, the Soldiers of the Lord Mountjoys Regiment shall by potent, or other order be required to remove, the said Lord or his Officer Commanding in chief, shall leave the said City free to their own Guards and Watches.  
5. That if at any time any Inhabitant or Inhabitants of the said City and Suburbs, shall desire to remove with his or their Family and Goods, he or they shall be freely permitted; And that the Ships now in the Harbour, or which shall be hereafter Loaden, shall not be stopped by any Embargo; And if any Ship or Ships which have Sailed from this Port since the seventh day of this Instant December, shall be arrested or stopped in any Port or Harbour within this Kingdom, on account of the late Commotion, the said Ship or Ships shall be immediately released.  
6. That until the twenty sixth day of March next, no Soldiers of the Earl of Antrims Regiment, shall be quartered in the City or Liberties of Londonderry, to prevent all Animosities and Disorders that may arise between them and the people.  
7. That the Lord Mountjoy shall interpose with the Commissioners of his Majesty's Revenue on behalf of Warham Jemm●t Esquire, and other Officers of the Customs, that no Imputation or Blame may remain on them, for the involuntary Compliance with the people of Derry in the late Commotion; and that his Lordship may be pleased to pardon William H●nsworth Clerk of the Stores, and Alexander Watson Gunner for the like Offences.  
8. That the two Sons of the Lord Mountjoy now Resident in Londonderry, shall remain in the said City, as pledges for the full and final performance of these Articles.  
9 That the said two Companies commanded by Colonel Lundy and Captain Stewart shall be permitted to enter the City, and be quartered therein by the Sheriffs of the said City, whensoever the Lord Mountjoy shall appoint it, and the keys of the Gates and Magazine delivered to his order.  
10. That in the mean time all Arms taken out of his Majesty's Stores shall be gathered, and after the pardon delivered as aforesaid, shall be returned to the Clerk of the Stores fixed and in good order. The Inhabitants of the said City no wise doubting or mistrusting, that since their undertaking and late Actions took their rise from self-preservation, and to avoid eminent danger, they shall be absolved before God and the World from all Tincture of Rebellion, perverseness and wilful Disobedience to the King's Authority, and the established Laws of the Land.   

The Antrim Association.  
IT being notoriously known, not only to the Protestant Inhabitants of the Northern Counties, but to those throughout this whole Kingdom of Ireland, that the peace and quiet of this Nation is now in great and imminent danger; and that it is absolutely necessary for all Protestants to agree within their several Counties, upon some speedy and effectual methods for their own defence, and for securing (as much as in them lies,) the Protestant Religion, their Lives, Liberties, and Properties, and the peace of this Kingdom, which are so much endeavoured to be disturbed by Popish and illegal Counsellors, and their Abettors. And in as much as Union and Dispatch are necessary for effecting the same: We the Nobility and Gentry of the County of Antrim do associate together, firmly resolving to adhere to the Laws of this Kingdom and the Protestant Religion, and to act in subordination to the Government of England, and the promoting of a free Parliament. And we do declare, if we be forced to take up Arms, as it will be contrary to our Inclination, so it shall be only Defensive, not in the least to invade the Lives, Liberties, or Estates of any of our Fellow Subjects, no not of the Popish Persuasion, whilst they demean themselves peaceably with us. The Reasons which induce us to put ourselves in some necessary posture of Defence, are so obvious and urgent upon us, when we consider of the great Levies daily made of Popish Soldiers, and at this time especially when the King is retired, and their Arming can in no wise be serviceable to his Majesty's Interest: It were inconsistent with common Prudence, not to suspect their designs to be such as will tend, if not to the Destruction, yet to the great endangering of the Lives, Liberties, and Properties of the Protestant Subjects of this Kingdom, if not prevented. And we do declare, though at present we will admit none but Protestants into our Association, yet we will to our power protect even Papists from Violence, whilst their behaviour amongst us is peaceable and quiet: And we doubt not but all good Protestants in this Kingdom will in their several Stations, join with us in the same public defence: And that God will bless these our just, innocent and necessary Undertake, for our Lives, Laws, and Religion. And whereas it will be necessary, for the more effectual and successful carrying on these mutual endeavours for the preservation of our Religion and Properties, and to avoid Confusions and Distractions, which in such cases may otherwise happen, to appoint some eminent Person or Persons, to whose conduct we may entirely submit ourselves in this our Undertaking: We do therefore by these Presents, unanimously elect and appoint the Right Honourable Hugh Earl of Mount Alexander, and the Honourable Clotworthy Skeffington, Esq or either of them, jointly or severally as they shall think fit, to be our Commander or Commanders in chief of all the Forces in the said County of Antrim. And do hereby oblige our felves to serve under their, or either of their Command, in such Manner, Place, and Station, as they or one of them, in their Discretion and Judgement shall direct. And that we will from time to time, observe and obey, all such Orders and Methods, for the better carrying on this Enterprise, and procuring of Horse and Foot, and such numbers of Men, Arms, and Ammunition, as our County Council of five shall think fit; And that with all Expedition, immediately to be arrayed and form into Troops and Companies, and to be disposed of from time to time according to their, or either of their Orders: They, or one of them, acting with the advice and consent of the said County Council of five, or the major part thereof.  


Massareene.  
Will. Franklin.  
Arthur Upton.  
Rob. Adaire.  
Will. Lesley.  
Char. Stewart.  
Edw. Harrison.  
Pat. Shaw.  
John Donelson.  
Will. Cuningham.  
Will. Shaw.  
James Mac-Cartney.  
Will. Shaw.  
Hen. Mac-Collogh.  
John Guest.  
Geo. Butthell.  
Geo. Johnston.  
Hen. Clements.  
Edw. Clements.  
Rich. Dobb Junior.  
Will. Shaw.  
Mich. Harrison.  
James Shaw.     

The King's Letter to Ireland, by Captain Leighton.  
HAving received an Account from Capt. Leighton, of what be was entrusted to represent to us, in relation to the condition of the Protestants in Ireland: We have directed him to assure you in our Name, how sensibly we are affected with the hazards you are exposed to, by the illegal power the Papists have of late usurped in that Kingdom, and that we are resolved to employ the most speedy and effectual means in our power, for rescuing you from the oppressions and terrors you lie under; that in the mean time we do well approve of the endeavours we understand you are using, to put yourselves into a posture of defence, that you may not be surprised, wherein you may expect all the encouragements and assistance that can be given you from hence. And because we are persuaded, that there are even of the Romish Communion, many who are desirous to live peaceably, and do not approve of the violent and arbitrary proceed of some who pretend to be in Authority; And we thinking it just to make distinctions of Persons, according to their behaviour and deserts; Do hereby authorise you to promise in our Name, to all such who shall demean themselves hereafter peaceably and inoffensively, our protection and exemption from those pains and forfeitures, which those only shall incur who are the Maintainers and Abetters of the said illegal Authority, assumed and continued contrary to Law: Or who shall act any thing to the prejudice of the Protestant Interest, or the disturbance of the public Peace in that Kingdom. And for further particulars, we refer you to the report you shall receive from Captain Leighton, (who hath acquitted himself with fidelity and diligence in your Concerns,) of the sincerity of our intentions towards you. And so we recommend you to the protection of Almighty God.  
Given at St. James' the 10th. day of Febr. 1688. Will. H. Orange.  
To the Earl of Mount-Alexander, to be communicated to the Protestant Nobility and Gentry, in the North of Ireland.  
By his Highness' Command. Will. Jephson.   

The Declaration of the Protestants of Sligo, January the 4th. 1688/9.  
WE the Protestants of the County of Sligo, at present Assembled for our common Safety, do hereby declare the Occasions and Motives of this our Association, and what is intended by it.  
1. We resolve to adhere to the Laws of the Land, and the Protestant Religion.  
2. We shall as we ought, Unite ourselves accordingly with England, and hold to the lawful Government thereof, and to a free Parliament.  
3. We declare, that our taking up Arms is only defensive, and not in the least to invade the Lives, Liberties, or Estates, of any of our fellow Subjects, whether Roman Catholics or others, while they demean themselves in peaceable manner to us.  
4. Our Reasons for thus doing are so urgent, that we could no longer with prudence forbear putting ourselves in some necessary posture of defence. For the Roman Catholics Arming in such vast numbers throughout all the Kingdom, do give us just apprehensions of ill designs in them; they pretending the King's Commission for what they do, whereas we are assured that the King has commanded all Roman Catholics to lay down their Arms, which we conceive should as well extend to Ireland as England. And therefore we doubt, that the Leaders of this Irish Army do act from their own heads, upon designs of their own, which we may justly fear will be prejudicial to the Lives, Liberties, and Properties, of the Protestant Subjects of this Kingdom, if not prevented.  
Lastly, We declare, that as we will assault none that molest not us, so we will to our powers protect all from Violence, even Roman Catholics themselves, whilst they behave themselves peaceably and neighbourly amongst us, (though we will admit none, but Protestants into our Association,) until we be ascertained from the lawful Authority and Government of England, what further Orders we are to obey. And we doubt not, but that all good Protestants in this Kingdom will, where they are able, join with us in the same public Defence, and that God will bless this so just, innocent and necessary undertaking, for our Lives, Laws, and Religion.  
And whereas it will be necessary, for the more effectual and successful carrying on of these our mutual endeavours, for the preservation of our Laws, Religion and Country, and the security of our Lives and Properties, and to avoid Confusions and Distractions, which in such cases might otherwise happen, to appoint some Eminent Person or Persons to whose Conduct we may entirely submit ourselves in this our undertaking:  
We do therefore by these Presents unanimously Nominate, Elect and appoint the Right Honourable Robert Lord Baron of Kingston, and the Honourable Chidley Coot, Esq or either, or both of them, jointly and severally, as they shall think fit, to be Commander or Commanders, in chief of all the Forces in the said County of Sligo.  
And do hereby oblige ourselves to serve under his or their Command, in such manner, and in such place and Station, as they or one of them, in their discretion and judgement shall direct.  
And that we will procure such Horse and Foot, and such a number of Men, Arms, and Ammunition, as we or any of us can possibly provide; and that with all Expedition, immediately to be arrayed and form into Troops and Companies, and to be disposed of from time to time according to their, or either of their Orders. In witness whereof, we have hereunto subscribed our hands.  
At Sligo this 4th. of January, 1688/9.   

Colonel Lundy's Instructions.  
Instructions to our Trusty and Wellbeloved Lieutenant Colonel Lundy, Commander in chief of the Town and Garrison of London-Derry, or in his Absence, to the Commander in chief there.  
HAving taken into our Consideration, the Danger that at present threatens the Protestant Interest in that Kingdom, and how much it concerns the good of our Subjects, that all our Garrisons there be in as good a posture of Defence as may be: We therefore reposing Trust and Confidence in your good Affection and Courage, have thought fit hereby to direct you:  
1. That you do upon receipt hereof, Buy and Furnish that Garrison with such necessary Provisions and Ammunition, as may enable it to subsist and make defence for some time, in case of any Attack.  
2. That for its better defence, you do break down such Bridges, and cut up such Dikes and Sluices, as in your Judgement shall be thought necessary.  
3. That you take special care, in preserving the Gates of the Town, the Guns with their Carriages, as well as the Fortifications of the place in good order and repair, and that you add such Works as you shall find necessary.  
4. That on prospect of any more imminent danger, you do pull down such Houses, and fell and cut down such Trees, as may prove in the least a prejudice to its defence.  
5. That you put and set up Palisadoes in such places as shall be thought necessary; and that you do, and provide for the defence of that place, what else you shall upon due consideration judge requisite.  
6. And to that end, you are to receive and dispose of the Thousand pounds which shall be remitted to you, to the best advantage of our Service, and the safety of that Garrison, and to transmit an account thereof hither.  
7. That you also send hither from time to time, as opportunities offer, a true and particular account of the Condition of that place to one of our principal Secretaries of State.  
8. That you also cause the Oath herewith sent you, to be taken by all the Officers both Civil and Military, in that Town and Garrison.  
Given, etc. 21. Febr. 1688.   

Mr. Hamiltons' Instructions.  
Instructions to our Trusty and wellbeloved James Hamilton, Esquire, appointed by us to carry Arms and other Provisions of War to the Town of London-Derry, in our Kingdom of Ireland.  
William R.  
YOU are to receive into your Charge, as soon as they shall be put on Shipboard, the Arms Ammunition and Stores of War, which we have directed to be sent to Ireland, with a Commission and Instructions to Lieutenant Costonel Lundy, and the Sum of one Thousand pounds, which we have ordered the Officers of the Customs and Excise at Chester to pay unto you, to be delivered by you to the said Lieutenant Colonel Lundy, who is to dispose thereof for the necessary occasions of that Garrison. And you are to take care, that the Ship on which the said Arms and Stores of War shall be laden, do not leave the English C●ast without the Convoy of a Frigate; Which we have appointed to accompany the said Ship to the said Town of Londonderry. And at your Arrival with the said Ships upon or near the Coasts of Ireland, you are if you see convenient to deliver 50 Barrels of Powder to any Officer Commassionated by us within the County of Down or thereabouts, in order to the better Defence of those parts, taking the Receipt of the said Officer for the same. And you are as soon as may be, to inform yourself in the best manner, at what distance the Enemy stall be as that time from ; and with what safety the said Arms and Provision of War may be put on Shore, at or near that place, and secured within the said Town, for the use and defence of the Protestants against the Papists, according to your Directions in that behalf. And in case the same may be done without apparent Danger, you are to proceed accordingly in the Execution thereof, and to deliver the said Commission and Instructions, Money, Arms and Stores to the said Lieutenant Colonel Lundy, or the Commander in Chief of the said Town, taking his Receipt for the same. Provided nevertheless, that before you deliver the said Commission, Instructions, Money, Arms, and Stores of War to the said Lieutenant Colonel Lundy or to the Commander in Chief of the said Town, you first cause him to take the Oaths herewith sent, on Board the Ship wherein you shall Arrive there, in the presence of the Mayor or Chief Civil Magistrate of . But if he shall refuse the said Oaths, or any one of them; Or that you shall find the Approach to the said Town difficult, and the Landing or Delivery of the said Arms and Stores insecure, you are then not to Land the said Stores, or part with the said Commission, Instructions and Money; but to cause them to be brought back on Board the said Ship under the same Convoy, to some Port in England: Whereupon notice thereof given to us, we shall signify our further Orders thereupon, and for so doing, etc.  
Given etc. Whitehall the 22. of Febr. 1688. By His Majesty's Command, Shrewsbury.   

The King's Letter to Colonel Lundy, by Mr. cairn's.  
Whitehall 8th. March, 1688.  
SIR,  
I Am Commanded by the King to acquaint you, That his Majesty's greatest Concern bathe been for Ireland, and particularly for the Province of Ulster, which he looks upon as most capable to descend itself against the Common Exemy. And that they might be the better ennobled to do it, there are two Regiments already at the Seaside ready to embark, in order to their Transportation into that Province, with which will be sent a good quantity of Arms and Ammunition. And they will be speedily followed by 〈◊〉 considerable a Body, as (by the Blessing of God) may be able to rescue the whole Kingdom, and re-settle the Protestant Interest there. His Majesty does very much rely upon your Fidelity and Resolution, not only that you should acquit yourself according to the Character he has received of you, but that you should encourage and influence others in this difficult conjuncture to discharge their Duty to their Country, their Religion, and their Posterity, all which call upon them for a more than ordinary vigour, to keep out that deluge of Popery and Slavery which so nearly threatens them.  
And you may assure them, That besides his Majesty's Care for their Preservation, who hath a due tenderness and regard for them, (as well in consideration that they are his Subjects, as that they are now exposed for the sake of that Religion which he himself professes:) The whole bent of this Nation inclines them to employ their utmost endeavours for their deliverance: And it was but this very morning that his Majesty hath most effectually recommended the Case of Ireland to the two Houses of Parliament. And I do not doubt but they will thereupon immediately come to such Resolutions, as will show to all the World that they espouse their Interest as their own.  
As to your own particular, you will always find the King graciously disposed to own and reward the services you shall do him in such a time of Trial.  
And for my part, Whatever I can contribute either to the general Service of that Kingdom, or to your own particular satisfaction, I shall never be wanting in:  
Sir, Your very humble Servant, Shrewsbury.  
Subscribed for Coll. Lundy, Governor of London-Derry.   

Instructions to Mr. David Cairnes.  
YOU are with what convenient Speed you can, forthwith to repair to Londonderry in the Kingdom of Ireland.  
At your Arrival there, you are to acquaint the Governor and Magistrates of the said City, of his Majesty's great care and concern for their Security; Which he hath shown not only in sending thither at this time Men, Arms and Ammunition, but in the further great preparations he is making, as well for the particular Defence of that place, as for the Safety and Protection of that whole Kingdom.  
You are particularly to inform yourself of the present Condition of Londonderry, both as to Men, Arms and Ammunition; and whether the Country thereabout can be able to furnish Provisions, for a greater force intended to be sent thither, without carrying Provisions from England. An exact account whereof you are to bring yourself with the best speed you can, or to send it with the first conveniency to me, or to the Committee of Council appointed for Irish Affairs.  
You are to get the best Informations you can, what force the Enemy has, as well Horse as Foot; in what Condition the Troops are, and how Armed, and what care is taken for their Subsistance, whether by providing Magazines and Stores, or by trusting to the Provisions they shall find where they March.  
You are to inquire what new Levies have been made, of Horse, Foot or Dragoons, by those Colonels who had their Commissions sent them some time since by Captain Layton, of what Numbers they are, and how disposed of.  
Given at the Court of Whitehall, this 11th. Day of March, 1688/9. Shrewsbury.   

Mr. cairn's Certificate.  
Charles Earl of Shrewsbury, Waterford and Wexford, etc. one of the Lords of His Majesty's most Honourable Privy Council, and Principal Secretary of State.  
MR. David cairn's, the Bearer hereof, being appointed by the Committee for Irish Affairs forthwith to repair to London-Derry; These are to Certify whom it may concern, that the said Mr. cairn's hath for these two months' last passed attended constantly his Majesty and the Council in behalf of the said City, and that he hath behaved himself with Prudence, Diligence and Faithfulness.  
Given at the Court at Whitehall this 11th Day of March. 1688/9. Shrewsbury.   

Articles at a Council of War, at Derry, April 10th. 1689.  
At a Council of War at London-Derry, Present, 

Coll. Robert Lundy,  
Coll. James Hamilton,  
Coll. Hugh Mongomery,  
Lieut. Coll. Whitney,  
Lieut. Coll. White,  
Lieut. Coll. Johnsten.  
Lieut. Coll. Shaw.  
Major Barry,  
Major Tubman.  
Lord Blayney,  
Sir Nich. Atchison,  
Coll. Francis Hamilton,  
Lieut. Coll. Ponsonby,  
Major Crofton,  
Major Hill,  
Major Phillips.  
Capt. Hugh Mac Gill.    
1. REsolved, That a mutual Engagement be made between all the Officers of this Garrison and the Forces adjoining, and to be signed by every Man. That none shall desert or forsake the Service, or departed the Kingdom without leave of a Council of War: If any do, he or they shall be looked upon as a Coward and disaffected to the Service.  
2. That a Thousand Men shall be chosen to be part of this Garrison, and joined with the Soldiers already herein, to defend the City; the Officers of which thousand, and the Garrison Officers, are to enter into the Engagement aforesaid.  
3. That all Officers and Soldiers of any of our Forces, in the Neighbourhood, not of this Garrison, shall forthwith repair to their respective Quarters and Commands.  
4. That all Colonels and Commanders of every Regiment, or independent Troop or Company be now armed and fitted, that so we may take up Resolutions for Field-service accordingly: The Lists to be sent hither by Saturday next.  
5. That the several Officers in their respective Quarters, shall take care to send in Privisions to the Magazines of this Garrison, for supply thereof: And take care that they leave with the Owner thereof some of their Victuals and Provisions for their own Supports, and to send in Spades, Shovels and Pick-axes.  
6. That the Thousand Men to be taken into this Garrison shall have the old Houses about the Walls and Ditches without the Gates divided among them, to be leveled with all possible speed.  
7. That the several Battalions and Companies in the City shall have their several Stations and Posts assigned them, to which they shall repair upon any sudden Alarm.  
8. That all Persons of this Garrison, upon beating of the Retreat every Night, shall repair to their several Quarters and Lodgings.  
9 That a pair of Gallows shall be erected in one of the Bastions, upon the South-west of the City, whereupon all mutinous or treacherous Persons of this Garrison shall be executed, who shall be condemned thereunto by a Court Martial.  
10. That the Articles of War shall be read at the Head of every Regiment, Battalion, Troop or Company; and that all Soldiers shall be punished for their transgressing them, according to the said Articles.  
11. That every Soldier of the Garrison, and Non-commissioned Officers shall be weekly allowed out of the Magazines eight quarts of Meal, four pound of Fish, and three pound of Flesh, for his weekly subsistence.  
12. That every Soldier, and Non-commissioned Officer shall be allowed a quart of small Beer per diem, as soon as the same can be provided, until some Money shall come to allow them pay.  
Agreed upon at the said Council of War, and ordered to be copied.   

WILLIAM R.  
Orders and Instructions for our Trusty and wellbeloved John Cunningham, Esquire, Coll. of our Regiments of Foot, and upon his Death or Absence to Colonel Solomon Richards, or the Officer in Chief with the Regiments whereof they are Colonels.  
YOU are without delay to repair to the Quarters of the Regiment under your Command, and to take care that it be in a readiness to march to Liverpoole at such time as you shall appoint.  
Whereupon you are to go to Liverpoole, and to inquire what Ships there are in that Port appointed to carry over the two Regiments, whereof you and Solomon Richards are Colonels, to the Town of London-Derry, And whether the Frigate ordered for their Convoy be arrived there. And as soon as the said Ships and Frigate shall be in a readiness to sail, and fitted with all Provisions necessary for the sustenance of the said Regiments, in their passage to the said Town, and for their return from thence if there be occasion; you are to cause Colonel Richard's Regiment to go on Board, and at the same time to order the Regiment whereof you are Colonel to march to Liverpoole, and to embark with all speed.  
And whereas we have ordered a Thousand Arms to be carried to Liverpoole, you are to cause such a number of the said Arms as shall be wanting in the said Regiments to be delivered unto them; And the Residue of the said Arms and Stores, now there, to be put on Shipboard, and carried to London-Derry, to be there employed for our Service, as the Governor of the said Town and you shall think fit.  
And we having also directed the Sum of 2000 l. Sterling, to be paid unto you at Chester by Matb. Anderton Esquire, Collector of our Customs there; you are hereby authorized and required to receive the same, and to dispose of the said sum towards the necessary subsistence of the said Regiments, and for the Defence of the said Place, in preparing and providing what shall be defective therein; and to such other Uses as you with the Governor of the said City, with whom you are to entertain a good correspondence and friendship, shall find necessary for our Service. Of all which expenses you are to give us an Account the first opportunity.  
When the particulars necessary for the Voyage shall be fully complied with; you are then, Wind and Wether permitting, with the Regiments under your Command, to make the best of your way to London-Derry: And being arrived there, or near that place, you are to make enquiry whether the said City be yet in the hands of the Protestants, and whether you may with Safety put our said Regiments into the same: And in that Case you are immediately to acquaint Lieutenant Colonel Robert Lundy our Governor thereof, or the Commander in Chief for the time being, with our care in sending those Regiments and Stores for the further Relief of our Protestant Subjects in those parts; and delivering him our Letter and Orders to him directed, you are to land the said Regiments and Stores, and to take care that they be well quartered and disposed of in the said City, following such Directions as you shall receive during your stay there, from our said Governor Lieutenant Colonel Robert Lundy, in all things relating to our Service.  
You are to assure the Governor and Inhabitants of London-Derry of further and greater succours of Men, Arms, Money and Provisions of War coming speedily from England for their Relief, and the security of those Parts. And in the mean time you are to make the best Defence you can against all Persons that shall attempt to besiege the said City, or to annoy our Protestant Subjects within the same.  
You are to give us an Account soon after your Arrival (and so from time to time) of the condition of the Place, the Fortifications, Number, Quality and Affection of the People, Soldiers, and others therein, or in the Country thereabouts; and what quantity of Provisions of all sorts, for Horse, Foot and Dragoons, shall or may be bought up or secured in those Parts for our Service, without the necessity of bringing any from England, upon sending more Forces thither.  
You are to inform us whether Captain James Hamilton be arrived at London-Derry, and how he has disposed of the Money and Stores committed to his charge. And in general you are to return us an Account of every thing, which you in your discretion shall think requisite for our Service.  
In case you shall find it unsafe to land the Regiments at or near London-Derry, so as to put them into the Town, which you are to endeavour by all reasonable and prudent means, you are not to expose them to extraordinary hazard in so doing; but to take care that they be carried in the same Ships, and under the same Convoy, with the Arms, Stores, Money and Provisions above mentioned to Carickfergus; and to endeavour the landing of them there, if the same may be done with safety, or otherwise to Strangford; at both or either of which places you are to use the same caution, and to follow as near as may be the like Directions, as are now given you in relation to London-Derry: But in case you do not find it for our Service to land the said Regiments at any of the said places, you are then to take care that they be brought back to the Port of Liverpoole, giving us speedy notice for our further Orders.  
Given at our Court at Whitehall this 12th. Day of March, 1688/9. By his Majesty's Command, Shrewsbury. In the First Year of our Reign.   

WILLIAM R.  
A●●itimal 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 for our Trusty and well b●●●●ed Colonel John Cunningham, or the Officer in chief, with our two Regiments of Foot, whereof he and Colonel Richards are Collo●●s.  
WHereas we have ordered 2000 l. Sterling to be paid unto you by several Bills of Exchange, over and above the 2000 l. you shall receive from our Collector in the Port of 〈◊〉; You are accordingly to receive the same: And upon your Arrival at our City of Londonderry, to pay 500 l. thereof to our Trusty and well beloved Robert Lundie Esquire Governor thereof, as of our Royal Bounty, in part of the reward we intent him for his faithful Services: And the residue of the said 2000 l. you are to apply towards the defraying the contingeut charges, which our said Governor, yourself and Colonel Richards shall find requisite for the Security of that Garrison, or of such other place where our said Regiments shall Arrive, or be put on Shoar. Provided always, that you do not in any manner put off or delay the departure of our said two Regiments from Liverpoole to Londonderry, in case the said Sum be not immediately paid unto you by the respective Persons, from whom it is to be received.  
Given at our Court at Whitehall, the 14th of March 1688/9 in the first year of our Reign. By his Majesty's Command. Shrewsbury.   

Colonel Tiffins and Captain Lyndons' Certificate to Colonel Cunningham.  
THis is to certify whom it may concern, that we Z●cha●ah Tiffin Colonel of one of their Majesty's Rigiments of Foot, and John Lyndon Captain in one Colonel Stuarts Regiment, together with Captain Wolfrane Cornwall Commander of the Swallow Frigate, were sent by Colonel Cunningham on the 15th day of April last, from 〈◊〉 Castle to Londonderry, with a Letter he then wrote to Colonel Lundy, to desire his Orders and Directions, for the best and securest way of putting into the Town the two Regiments then on Board the Fleet at Anchor near the Castle, where the Tide had failed so as they could not Sail up that Night. We accordingly went to Londonderry, where Colonel Lundy having read the Letter, told us Affairs were in great Confusion, and a much worse posture than could be imagined: Therefore desired Colonel Cunningham would leave the Fleet, with the Soldiers on Board still at Anchor, and come next Morning to Town with Colonel Richards, and what other Officers they thought fit; Where he intended to call a Council of War, and give a further account of the Condition of the Garrison. With these Orders we returned that Night to Colonel Cunningham, who in pursuance thereto, with Colonel Richards and several of their Officers, went up next Morning to the Town. All which we certify under our Hands the 30th day of September 1689.  
Zathariah Tiffin. John Lyndon. From the English Camp near Dundalk in Ireland.  
I do also Testify this Certificate to be true,  
Dated the 26th of October, 1689. Wolfranc Cornwall.   

Instructions for our Trusty and well beloved Robert Lundy Esquire, Governor of our City and Garrison of  in our Kingdom of Ireland.  
WHereas we have thought fit to send two of our Regiments of Foot, under the Command of Colonel Cunningham and Colonel Solomon Richards, for the Relief of our City of ; We do hereby Authorise and Empower you to admit the said Regiments into our said City, and to give such orders concerning their Quarters, Duty and Service, during their stay in those parts, as you shall think fit for the security of the said City and Country thereabouts.  
And whereas we are sending to our said City of  further Succours of Money, Men, Arms and Provisions of War; We do expect from your Courage, Prudence and Conduct, that in the mean time you make the best defence you can against all persons that shall Attempt to Besiege the said City, or to annoy our Protestant Subjects within the same, or within the Neighbouring parts; And that you hinder the Enemy from possessing themselves of any Passes near or leading to the said City; giving all Aid and Assistance you may with Safety to such as shall desire it, and receiving into the said Town such Protestant Officers, and Men able and fit to bear Arms, as you may confide in; whom you are to form into Companies, and to cause to be well exercised and disciplined. Taking care withal, that you do not take in more unuseful People, Women and Children into the said City, than there shall be a Provision sufficient to maintain, besides the Garrison. You are to give us an account as soon as may be, and so from time to time, of the Condition of our City of , the Fortifications, Number, Quality and Affections of the people, Soldiers and others therein, or in the Country thereabouts; And what quantity of Provisions of all sorts, for Horse, Foot, and Dragoons, shall or may be bought up or secured in those-parts for our Service, without the necessity of bringing the same from England, upon sending of more Forces thither.  
Lastly, We do recommend unto you, that you entertain good Correspondence and Friendship with the Officers of the said Regiments, and more especially with the respective Colonels of the same: Not doubting but by your joint Counsels, and by your known Courage, as well as your Affection to the Protestant Religion; which we shall not fail to reward with our Royal Favour and Bounty, the said City will continue under our Obedidience, until upon the Arrival of an Army, which we are sending from England, all things shall be in such a posture, as that we may there with the Blessing of God, restore in a short time our Kingdom of Ireland to its  Peace and Tranquillity.  
Given at our Court at Whitehall, the 12th day of March 1688/● in the first year of our Reign. By his Majesty's Command.   

Proposals of Articles to be made to the Right Honourable Lientenant General Hunnston by the Governors, Commanders, Officers, Soulaiers and Citizens of the City and Garrison of , the 11th of July 1689.  
IMprimis, That all Persons, as well Officers and Soldiers, Clergymen and Laymen, as others, that now are in the said City, or have been in the same since the 7th day of December last, or that have born Arms against his Majesty King James the Second, in the Provinces of Ulster and Connaught, or either of them; Or that have been Aiding, Abetting, Counselling, Adviseing, or in any ways assisting to them, or any of them, or any way deemed of that Party, shall be pardoned and forgiven until the 26th day of July instant, of and from all Treasons, Rebellions, Robberies, Felonies and other Offences whatsoever, by them or any of them, committed against his said Majesty, or any Person or Persons whatsoever. And that such of the said Persons now alive, or which shall be alive the said 26th day of July, and the Heirs, Executors, Administrators or Assigns of such of them that are dead, or shall before that time be killed or die, shall be immediately restored to all their personal and real Estates; as if they or any of them had never taken up Arms, or committed any offence against his said Majesty, or any other Person or Persons whatsoever. And that they and every one of them shall, and may have, hold and enjoy their said Estates, with other their Rights, Liberties and Privileges, notwithstanding any Act or Acts by them committed or done, or to be committed or done, against his said Majesty, or any other Person or Persons whatsoever, until the 26th of July Instant. And that they, their Heirs Executors, Administrators or Assigns, shall have their Estates Personal and Real put in their actual Possession immediately after the said 26th of July Instant. And that from the date hereof, there shall no waist or harm be committed, suffered or done, on any of their Lands, jaheritances, Possessions, Woods, Farms, Houses, Mills, Barns, Kills, Stables, or other Houses, or on any of their Corns, and other Goods and Chattels.  
2. That all Ecclesiastical Persons of the Protestant Religion within the said-Provinces, shall immediately have the possession of their several Churches, Chapels, Tithes, and other Ecclesiastical deuce, and enjoy the same, as they did before the 7th day of December last. And that all other Protestants, as well Ministers as others, shall from the said 26th of July Instant, have the full and free benefit and exercise of their Religion, as they had before the said 9th of December.  
3. That all persons whatsoever now in Lendon-derry, shall have free liberty to departed this Kingdom for England or Scotland: And those that are willing to remain in this Kingdom, shall have safe Conducts to Dublin, or any other part in Ireland, with their Goods and Chattels. And those that have a mind to transport themselves by the Shipping under the power of the said King, or by other English or Scottish Ships, shall have Passports from time to time allowed them, and liberty of Boats from England or Scotland to transport them.  
4. That all persons to be pardoned, that please, shall transport and carry with them their Goods and Chattels, unless they have a mind to sell them here, and that then they may have liberty to dispose of them to their best advantage. And likewise those that depart the Kingdom, shall be put in Possession of their Goods and Chattels, Lands and Tenements, by their Attorneys, which they formerly enjoyed, and Reprisals of Goods and Chattels, if not to be found in specie.  
5. That such Persons, Men, Women, and Children, as are not able to Travel to their respective Habitations, shall have a sufficient competency of Provisions to maintain them, until they be able to departed and get to their several Dwellings. And that all Officers and Soldiers that are sick or wounded, now in the Garrison of London-Derry, or shall be there the 26th. of July instant, shall have the same allowance and provision, and as great care taken for their Recovery, as those of the said King's Army; and that from time to time, they shall be sent into England or Scotland, or to any part in Ireland, as they shall think fit, and conveniency shall offer, with Provisions and safe Passes.  
6. That all persons here designed to be pardoned, shall have reprisals of their Goods and Chattels immediately after the said 26th. of July instant, given them by the said Lieutenant General; and until they shall be so reprised, they shall have sufficient Provisions of Meat, Drink, and Bedding allowed and given them.  
7. That no person or persons hereby designed to be pardoned, shall be forced to take any Oath to his Majesty, but those that voluntarily enter into his Service in the Army, or shall take on him some Office or Place of Trust, nor shall they be compelled to enter into his Majesty's Service.  
8. That if any Prince or State, shall Land an Army in this Kingdom against the said King, the persons hereby designed to be pardoned, and which shall remain in the same, shall not be molested any ways in his Body, Goods, or Estate, they not taking up Arms against his Majesty.  
9 That no person or persons hereby designed to be pardoned, shall hereafter be Sued, Arrested, Impleaded, or Imprisoned, at the Suit of the King, for any Debt due to his Majesty before the Date hereof. And that none of the persons aforesaid, hereafter shall be Sued, Arrested, Impleaded, or Imprisoned, for any Wounding, Maiming, Trespassing, taking of Goods or Chattels, or for any other cause whatsoever accrued, or which shall accrue, before the said 26th. of July, by any party or person whatsoever, other than for Debt, and not for Debt for twelve Months from the Date hereof. And that his Majesty shall not call for, or receive any of his Crown-Rents, Quitrents, Hearth-Money, Excise or Licence of Wine, Ale, Beer, Strong-Waters due, or which shall fall due unto him, by any of the persons aforesaid, before the said 26 of July.  
10. That no Interest of Money, shall be allowed or paid, from the first of May, 1688, until the first of November, 1690, and then but a moderate Interest, and not according to the rate of Ten pound per cent. per annum.  
11. That the Officers and Gentlemen, hereby designed to be pardoned, that will remain in this Kingdom, and each one of them a Servant, shall have liberty to keep and wear Pistols and Swords, and keep their Fuzees without Molestation; and the Citizens and Townsmen to have the like Liberty: And that the rest of the people may keep their Swords, and wear them.  
12. That the said Half-Pike-men, and Rabble of the mere Irish in the said Provinces, be disarmed, and care taken that they Kill not, Rob or spoil the Protestants in the said Provinces; and that they be sent to their Habitations, and not suffered to cotier and wander in the Country, or use reproachful Language to the Protestants.  
13. That all Troops and Companies, now in the City of London-Derry, which please, shall have liberty to departed, either by Land or Water, to Culmore, or any part near the same for conveniency of Shipping, and that with their Arms, Colours flying, Drums beating, light Matches, and a suitable quantity of Ammunition, and there to Ship or Embark; and shall before their departure, deliver up to the said Lieutenant General, or to such whom he shall appoint for his Majesty's use, the Possession of the said City, with all Stores, Ammunition, Artillery, and other Implements and Habiliments of War, other than the Arms herein before excepted  
14. That all and every Person and Persons whatsoever, that have taken the Possession of the Lands, Houses, Farms, of the Persons hereby designed to be pardored, shall immediately duit the Possession of the same, and restore them to the Owners, or their Agents and Assigns, with their Goods and Chattels now in their Possession; and that the said Owners, their Agents and Assigns, may cut and carry home their Corn and Hay.  
15. That all the said Articles and Conditions, or such of them as shall be thought needful, by those that are designed to be pardoned, shall within _____ be confirmed by Act of Parliament, to be passed in this Kingdom, or by the King, under the great Seal of Ireland.  
Provided always, that no person or persons, now in Arms against the King, in or about Inniskillin, Bellishanny, Donegall, or Killebeggs, that will accept of these or the like Articles, before the said 26th. day of July, shall have the benefit of them, they or their chief Commanders, having eight days notice of these Articles before the said 26th. of July, by having delivered to them Copies of them, which are to be sent them by the said Lieutenant General, by some of his party, and some of this Garrison.  
16. That a convenient number of persons be appointed as Commissioners in this City, and in each County of the said Provinces, before the 26th. of July, by the said Lieutenant General and the Governors, Commanders, Officers and Soldiers of this Garrison, with sufficient Authority, to see these Articles made good and performed.  
17. That Hostages be given, by the said Lieutenant General to the Garrison of Derry, to be kept there, or on Board of the English Ships now in the River of Foil, viz.  
And for the Garrison of Derry  
to be given as Hostages, and kept in their Camp, or at Strabane, Lifford, or Raphoe.  
18. That during the time of Treaty, and until the said 26th. day of July, (if in the mean time no Army shall come to relieve the City,) there shall be a Cessation of Arms between the Besiegers and the Besieged, and that no Acts of Hostility shall be committed by either side, provided that none of either party, (but such as shall have Licenses,) shall come within the Lines of the other.  
19 That as well the Persons that are in this Garrison, or shall be there the 26th of July, as shall embark or Ship for England or Scotland, as those that go to the Country, shall at their departure hence, have Horses and Boats allowed them, for carrying the Officers, Sick-men, Women, and Children home to their several Habitations, or places whither they have a mind to resort.  
Provided always, that these Articles shall not be binding on either Party, in case the said City shall be relieved, by the English or some other Army before the said 26th. day of July, and if it shall be so relieved, that then the said Hostages delivered on both sides, shall be delivered to each other in safety.   

The COMMISSION.  
TO all Christian people to whom these presents shall come: Know ye, that we the Governors, Commanders, Officers, Soldiers, and Citizens, now in the City and Garrison of London-Derry, have nominated, constituted, appointed and authorized, and by these presents do nominate, constitute, appoint and authorise, Colonel Hugh Hamil, Colonel Thomas Lance, Captain Robert White, Captain William Dobbin, Matthew Cockins, Esquire, and Mr. John Mac-Kenzey, as Commissioners for us, and in our Name, to repair to, and treat with the Right Honourable Lieutenant General Richard Hamilton, now encamped against London-Derry, with an Army of his Majesty's King James the Second, besieging the said City and Garrison, or to somewhere near the said Camp and City, or to Colonel Dominick Sheldon, Coll. Gordon O Neal, Sir Neal O-Neal, Sir Edw. Vaudry, Lieutenant Colonel Skelton, and Captain Francis Marrow, Commissioners nominated, constitutted, appointed and authorized by the said Lieutenant General Hamilton, and there to treat with him or them, concerning the rendering up of the said City and Garrison to the said Lieutenant General, for his Majesty's use, with all the Stores, Ammunition, Artillery, Arms, Implements, and Habiliments of War, according to the annexed Instructions and Articles, and such other Instructions and Articles as you shall from time to time have from us; and on such other Articles, matters and things, as shall be proposed to you our said Commissioners, by the said Lieutenant General, or by his said Commissioners. And on such Treaty to conclude on such Articles, matters and things▪ for the delivering up of the said City, to the said Lieutenant General, or whom he shall appoint, with the said Stores, Ammunition, Artillery, Arms, Implements and Habiliments of War, for his Majesty's use; and for the giving and receiving of Hostages, for the performance of what shall be stipulated and agreed upon: And the same to reduce into Writing, and Sign and Seal, and to receive the counterpart thereof Signed and Sealed by the said Lieut. Gen. or the said Commissioners for us and in our behalf. And what Articles, Matters and things you shall agree upon, and reduce into Writing, and Sign and Seal, for us, and on our behalf, We by these Presents bind and oblige ourselves to observe, keep and perform entirely. In Witness whereof, we hereunto put our Hands and Seals, at London-Derry, this 12th. Day of July, 1689.  
Signed and Delivered in the Presence of 

Francis Hamilton.  
Robert Cockrane.  
James Young,  
Stephen Herd.  
David Ross.  
Robert Wallace.  
Christophilus Jenney.  
Arth. Noble.  
Adam Downey.  
Arch. Hamilton.  
Henry Arkwright.  
Tho. Ash.  
Theophilus Morison.  
Will. Ragston.  
Will. Hamilton.  
Warren Godfre●.  
Geo. Holmes.  
J●. Hender●on.  
Hercules Burleigh.  
* George Walker.  
John Mitchelb●rn.  
Richard Crofton.  
Adam Murray.  
Hemy Monroe,  
Stephen Miller.  
Alexander Stewart.  
John Crooks.  
Will. campbel.  
Will. Draper.  
James Grabame.  
John Cockrane.  
Fran. abrey.  
John Crof●on.  
John Thompson.  
Will. Mare.  
Richard Aplin.     

* I should not take notice of so trivial a thing as Mr. W●●●er's signing first, if it had not been improved into an Argument of his being Governor of the Garrison, as well as the Stores. But, as the foremen●ioned Debates about this very Commission, as well as the whole Story of the Siege, evidently show the contrary: So to obviate this Objection against the Truth of those passages, I am obliged to add, That Mr. Walker's signing first in some Papers during the Siege, was partly owing to the Modesty and Complaisance of Governor Baker, and afterwards Governor Mitchelburn, but much more to the forward Temper of Colonel Walker; who when Governor Baker or Mitchelburn signed first, seldom failed to crowd in his Name before them. Of which I could produce several notorious Instances, but shall only mention a late one: Several Certificates were signed by Mitchelburn in Nou. last to some Officers of Baker's Regiment, which, when brought here, he not only thrust in his Name above him, but blotted out of each of these Certificates these words, Colonel Baker, [Governor of the said City.]  
THese are to Certify all whom it may concern, That the Bearer hereof, Robert Louther, served during the late Siege of London-Derry, in the Station or Post of a Lieutenant, in Captain Nicholas Holmes 's Company, under the Command and Regiment of Colonel Henry Baker; (late Governor of the foresaid City) and also after under the Command of Colonel St. John, and continued in the said Regiment till the 9th Day of October, during which Siege he behaved himself with good Conduct and Courage, both in the Sallies that were made against the Enemy, and the Preservation of the said City.  
Given under my hand at London-Derry the 27th Day of November. 1689. George Walker. I. Mitchelburn.  
And how far he was from being esteemed as Governor of the Garrison, even after Governor Baker's Death, may appear by the following Testimony of one of Major General Kirk's Officers, (who commanded the Soldiers in the Phoenix, when Derry was relieved, and showed great Resolution in that eminent piece of Service,) and I insert it the rather, because it cannot be reasonably suspected of the least partiality.  
As I was commanded in Person with my Detachments by Colonel Mitchelburn, Governor of Derry; so during my stay there I observed in every particular, and upon all occasions he not only was, but acted as sole Governor, and was the only Person that Application was made to as such.—  
Fiennes Twisleton  
The same Gentleman confirms the Account given before concerning the Boom, and even when the Ships came up to our Relief, they saw Boats working at it to repair it, for some days before they made the Attempt.   

An Account of Officers killed and taken by the Besieged in Derry, during the Siege.  

April 18. Captain Troy killed, as was confidently reported.  
Killed at Penny-burn-Mill, April 21. 

General Mammau.  
Major Taaffe.  
Major Wagon.  
Major General Pusignian.  
Quartermaster Cassore.  
Captain Fitz-Gerald.    
Killed at the Windmill, May 6. 

Brigadier General Ramsey.  
Captain Barnwell.  
Captain Fox.  
Captain Fleming.  
Lieutenant Kelley.  
Lieutenant Welsh.  
Ensign Barnwell. Ensign Kadel.    
Prisoners taken. 

Lord Nettervile.  
Sir Gerrard Aylmer.  
Lieutenant Colonel Talbot.  
Lieutenant Newcomen.    
Killed at the Windmill, June the 4th. 

Lieutenant Colonel Farrel.  
Two French Captains.  
Captain Graham.  
Lieutenant Bourk.  
Quartermaster Kelly.  
Adjutant Faboy.  
Ensign Norris.  
Ensign Arthur.    
Prisoners taken at the same time. 

Capt. Butler Son to my Lord Mountgarret.  
Captain Mac Donnel.  
Captain Mac Donnaghy.  
Captain Wa●s●n.  
A French Lieutenant.  
Lieutenant Eustace.  
Sergeant Peggot.    
Killed at the Butcher's Gate, June 28. 

A French Lieutenant Colonel.  
Captain O Bryan.  
A French Captain.  
An English Captain.  
An English Lieutenant.  
Captain Maccarty.    
Taken Prisoners. 

One Corporal Mac Guire.  
And one private Soldier.    
Officers killed in several places about the Town. 

Lieutenant Fitzpatrick in the Orchard on the other side the Water.  
Lieutenant Grneral O Neal.  
Ensign Connelly killed in the Boat.  
Two Friars killed in their Habits.  
Ensign Ambrose on the Mountains.  
Lieutenant Talbot had his Arm shot off at Culmore from the Ships.    
Drowned coming over to Clady, 

Major Nangle, and one Ensign as was reported.      

An Account of all the Enemy's Officers killed during the Siege.  
Generals 1 Brig. Generals 1 Maj. Generals 1 Lieut. Colonels 3 Majors 5 Captains 16 Lieutenants 9 Ensigns 5 Sergeants 1 Corporals 1 Cornets 1 Quarter-Masters 2 Adjutant 1 In all 49, and 2 Friars.   

An Account of the Bombs.  
  Big. Small. April 24. 00 03  25. 00 03  27. 00 11 From the 27. till the 6 of May, at several times—  0 06 June 2. 03 01  3. 28 00  4. 37 00  5. 22 00  6. 30 00  7. 06 00  8. 36 00  11. 00 28  13. 26 00  21. 00 11  24. 06 00  27. 13 00  28. 22 00  29. 10 00 July 2. 00 22  3. 00 28  4. 14 00  5. 03 06  6. 05 10  7. 00 18  8, & 10. 00 24  11. 00 04  14. 00 18  15, & 16. 00 40  17, & 18. 00 26  19 00 22  21. 00 28  261 326 Total 587, till the 22d. of July.  
Memorand. That one of the great Bombs being brought to the Scale did weigh 272 l. pound, after 17 pound of Powder was emptied out of it.  
And that one of the smallest being emptied, did weigh 34 pound.  
July 22. 42 Cannon Ball thrown into the City, about 20 l. weight apiece, before 9 of the Clock in the Morning: more Six the same Evening.  
July 23. 20 more before Noon.   

An Account of the Subsistance delivered out of the Stores to the Soldiers, by the Store-keepers.  


April 

20. TO each Company a Barrel of Beef and a Boll of Meal.  
27. To each Man 4 pounds of Beef, 4 quarts of Meal, and 3 pounds of Salmon.    
May 

4. To each Company a Barrel of Beef, 120 pound of Meal, half a hundred weight of Butter.  
11. Six Pounds of Meal for each private Man.  
18. Two pounds of Wheat to each Man.  
●4. Half a Barrel of Beef to each Company, 120 pound of Meal, half a Barrel of Barley.    
June 

1. To each Regiment 5 Barrels of Wheat, and 5 Barrrels of Shillin, to be divided proportionably according to the number of Companies in each Regiment.  
8. One pound and a half of Meal to each Man, and half a Barrel of Barley to each Company.  
15. Half a Barrel of Barley to each Company, and a pound of Meal to each Man.  
19 One pound of Meal, and one pound and a half of Wheat to each Man.  
21. One pound and a half of Wheat to each Man.  
25. One pound of Tallow to each Man, one pound of Meal, and half a pound of Beef, the Army consisting of 6185 Men.    
July 

4. To each Man one pound of Meal, one pound of French-butter, and two pound of Ginger, the Army being 5709 men.  
8. To each Man one pound of Meal, one pound of French-butter; two pounds of Anniseeds to each Company, and one quarter of a pound of Tobacco, the Army being reduced by Death to 5520 Men.  
13. To each Man half a pound of Meal, half a pound of Shillin, half a pound of Beef, the Army consisting of 5334.  
17. To each Man half a pound of Meal, half a pound of Shillin, half a pound of Tallow, 3 pound of Salt Hides, the Army being 5114.  
22. To each Man half a pound of Starch, a quarter of a pound of Tallow. One pound of Anniseeds to a Company, the Army being 4973.  
25. To each Man half a pound of Tallow, half a pound of Shillin, three quarters of a pound of dry Hides, the Army being 4892 Men.  
27. To each Man half a pound of Meal, one pound and a half of Beef, with two Pecks of Bay-salt to each Company, the Army being 4456 men.  
30. To each Man three pound of Meal, two pound of Beef, one pint of Pease, the Army being 4508 Men.      
There was Subsistance delivered out to the Officers beside, though the Allowance was but very small.   

The Names of the Clergy that stayed in London-Derry, in the time of the Siege.  


Conformists.  
MR. George Walker of Donoghmore, near Dungannon.  
Mr. Christophilus Jinny of Mullahbroak.  
Mr. Moses Davis of Donaghendrie.  
Mr. John Knox of Glaslogh.  
Mr. Bartho. Black of Aghalow.  
Mr. Tho. Sempell of Donaghmore, near Cladyford.  
Mr. Robert Morgan of Cappy.  
Mr. John campbel of Sego.  
Mr. Andrew Robertson of Derriloran.  
Mr. Mich. Mac Clenachan of Derry.  
Mr. Christy of Monaghan.  
Mr. Seth Whittell of Balliagby. Dead.  
Mr. Will. Cuningham of Killishandra. Dead.  
Mr. Rich. Crowther of Comber. Dead.  
Mr. James Watmough of Arigal. Dead.  
Mr. John Rowan of Balteagh. Dead.  
Mr.— Elingsworth near Newry. Dead.    


Non-Conformists.  
Mr. Tho. Boyd of Aghadowy.  
Mr. Will. Crooks of Ballykelly.  
Mr. John Rowat of Lifford.  
Mr. John Mackenzie of Derilleran.  
Mr. John Hamilton of Donachedie. Dead.  
Mr. Robert Wilson of Strabane. Dead.  
Mr. David Brown of Urney. Dead.  
Mr. Will. Gilchrist of Kilrea. Dead.     
FINIS.