Cochlearia CURIOSA: OR THE Curiosities of Scurvygrass. Being an exact Scrutiny and careful Description of the Nature and Medicinal Virtue of Scurvygrass. In which is exhibited to public use the most and best Preparations of Medicines, both Galenical and Chemical; either for Internal or External use, in which that Plant, or any part thereof is employed. Written in Latin by Dr. Andrea's Valentinus Molimbrochius of Lipswick. Englished by Tho. Shirley, M. D. and Physician in Ordinary to His present Majesty.  
LONDON, Printed by S. and B. Griffin, for William Cademan, at the Pope's Head in the New Exchange, and Middle Exchange in the Strand, 1676.   

To the Honourable Sir JOHN BENNET Knight and Baronet, Knight of the Bath, and one of his Majesty's Justices for the Peace for the County of Middlesex.  
SIR,  
THere is two things I have always had a great abhorrance for, Idleness and Ingratitude, the desire I had to avoid both which hath been the occasion of affixing your Name to this Book, which is a Treatise so useful, both as to its Subject, and the method of the Diseourse upon it, that it gave me the Confidence to think it worthy your acceptance, and the rather because it is not only the first Tract that I have hitherto met with, writ purposely upon this peculiar Plant, but also the Author hath delivered what he had to say upon it under such curious, and Excellent heads, That I cannot but give it this just Character▪ That it is both a learned and accurate work, so that it may deservedly be called Cochlearia Curiosa. And this I may do without the censure of being partial, since I pretend no further Interest in the thing, than the having put it into English, that those Country men of mine, which are unacquainted with the Latin Tongue, might reap the benefit of it. This advantage I received from the doing of it, that it diverted me from some melancholy thoughts; and I employed those hours of vacancy from business, that I could spare from the solicitation of my affairs of nearest concern, which were lately incumbant upon me. Having thus redeemed some hours from the imputation of being idly spent, I began to consider if there were not yet a further improvement to be made upon this occasion, and reflecting upon the long friendship you have honoured me with, and the frequent favours you have conferred upon me, my present state of Affairs, not permitting me to make any suitable return, I resolved at least to show myself not insensible of your favours, and therefore took this opportunity of making a public acknowledgement of them desiring you would except of this as a testimony of my gratitude, till I am so happy to give you further evidences of my desires to approve myself,  
SIR, Your grateful and Affectionate Servant, Tho. Shirley.   

THE EPISTLE TO THE READER.  
READER,  
OF what Classis soever you are, I must tell you, that in stead of your censure I expect your thanks for the Present I now make you: 'Tis a Treatise of Scurvygrass, a Plant that grows very plentifully in our Country, a sign, as the Author assureth us, that the Scurvy, in which disease it is peculiarly advantageous, is but too frequent amongst us, which our own experience doth sadly confirm. The heads, under which the learned Author hath discoursed, are not only useful, but curious, and I conceive, he hath handled this matter so fully, that there is little more can be said by any other upon this Subject, which his Industry and care hath not taken notice of.  
For this Treatise contains, not only a description of the several Spcies and kinds of this Plant, with its several Names, Place, and time of growth, temperature, general virtues and use; but also doth innumerate the particular uses. Medicinal virtues, and manner of applying each particular part of this Plant, together with an exact description of all sorts of Medicines preparable from the whole or any part of the said Subject, either by the Galenick, or Chemical Art.  
He hath likewise fitted his Labour both to the capacity, and delight of all sorts of Readers, for in the Proem (concerning divers curious Plants) he hath afforded matter of delight, and inquiry to the curious Virtuosos, and inquisitive natural Philosopher, as well as Botanist: In the Body of the Discourse, he hath interwoven and solidly discussed several Medicinal points to the satisfaction (I doubt not) of candid Philosophers.  
To content and employ those that are Chemically addicted, here are plenty of excellent Preparations to be made by that art from this Subject, and to ease the young Galenical Student in Physic, here is a faithful and laborious Collection of all sorts of Galenical Medicines, and that from the most approved, and authentic Physicians Works now extant.  
I question not, but the virtuous and Country Ladies will be highly delighted with the Employment and diversion this Book will furnish them with, by instructing them how to make Sauces, Wines, Syrups, and distilled Waters from this Plant, all of them very efficacious towards the recovery of their Sick and languishing Neighbours and Tenants.  
The Industrious Apothecary may here find the way to make several Chemical Medicines preparable from this Plant (and often prescribed by Physicians) which otherwise he will be necessitated to buy from unfaithful hands.  
And the honest Country Farmer, who may perchance live far from any Physician, may be hereby capacitated to relieve himself or Family (afflicted with the Scurvy, or any Symptom of it) upon an exigence, by applying safe, effectual, easily preparable, and cheap Medicines, of which sort are the Wine, Water, Syrup, and Decoction. One thing I think necessary to give you notice of (which the Author hath likewise done) which is that several of the Galenick Medicines described (ever in this Tract) are so disgustful and to be taken in such large proportions, that few palates can readily comply with the use of them; and therefore I do advice those that want judgement to make an Election, to make use of the lesle compound, and easiest of preparation; till the next impression of this Book: In which it is possible I may give my opinion, and animadversions upon most of the Medicines in it, together with a description of the preparation of those Chemical Medicines often prescribed to enter the composition of the Galenick ones herein prescribed.  
The Author of this ensuing Work is the learned Andrea's Valentinus Molimbrochius, a Member of that industrious and useful Society of Men, who stile themselves the Curious Inquisitors after Nature, he composed it in Latin interlaced with much of his own native Language, the Germane Tongue, all which for thy benefit I have put into English, together with a large Alphabetical Table.  
In the doing which I have not been so solicitous after the fine and modish way of Expression, as to render the Work intelligible, and consequently useful to all sorts of Readers.  
Medicines from their usefulness to the Sick, are styled 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉, the Hands of God, and are so sacred a part of the Art of Physic, that the preparation of them ought not slightly to be committed into unfaithful or ignorant hands, it being too common for such persons to make gross and dangerous mistakes, to prevent which it is the duty of all honest, able Physicians to make up and dispense their own Medicines: And I am sure it was the laudable custom of all the ancient Fathers of Physic to do so, even till this last Century; and I find it not only voted honourable to do so, amongst the Acts of that prudent and learned Society, the College of London Physicians; but it is likewise now at this time practised by many of the worthiest members of that Society, yet some interessed Persons, endeavour to disparage this way, by alleging it is the same which is used by those bold pretenders to Physic, illiterate Quacks, and Billmen. But if this be a sufficient Argument, I doubt there will hardly be found any Profession, which may not be disparaged.  
It is certainly the interest of the Sick, that Physicians do reassume this care of making Medicines for them. For now the Scurvy hath spread itself so generally over these Western parts of the World, it by complicating itself with most other Diseases (such as Agues, colics, Fevers, Convulsion, Mother, and hypocondriac Fits, the Gout, Drepsie, Pox, etc.) renders them all so stubborn and rebellious, that they will not yield to any remedies, but such as are highly graduated, of which kind are the more generous sort of Chemical Medicines; which also ought to be adapted to the peculiar circumstances of the Sick, as his Temper, Age, Sex, etc. by the Physician's care and skill. For my part I think it so much my duty, that I declare I will be ready upon the application of any Sick Persons to me, to afford them not only my advice, but will also furnish them with safe and efficacious Medicines; being convinced that it is both just and honourable to do so, this intention of Mine doth justify me to be what I here subscribe myself a Lover of my Country, and Reader,  
From my Study over against the Stock-market place near Cornhill, at the sign of the Sugar loaf and Tobacco-role, London, Ap 3. 1676 Thy Friend, Tho. Shirley.   

A TABLE Of the Contents of the Chapters.  
THE PROEM. Of divers curious Plants, 
Page 1.  Chapter I. Of the Name of Scurvygrass, 
p. 17.  II. Of the Description of Scurvygrass, 
27.  III. Of the Differences of Scurvygrass, 
34.  IV. Of the Place and time of growth of Scurvygrass, 
36.  V. Of the Qualities and Virtues of Scurvygrass, 
40.  VI Of Medicines prepared from Scurvygrass, 
43.  VII. Of Sauces made with Scurvygrass, 
50.  VIII. Of the Decoction of Scurvygrass, 
52.  IX. Of the Wine of Scurvygrass, 
64.  X. Of the Infusion of Scurvygrass, 
72.  XI. Of the Water of Scurvygrass, 
82.  XII. Of the Spirit of Scurvygrass, 
103.  XIII. Of the Volatile Salt of Scurvygrass, 
112.  Chapter XIV. Of Oil of Scurvygrass. 
Pag. 121.  XV. Of Conserve of Scurvygrass, 
124.  XVI. Of the Syrup of Scurvygrass, 
128.  XVII. Of the Electuary and Mixtures of Scurvygrass, 
135.  XVIII. Of the Essence of Scurvygrass, 
146.  XIX. Of the juice of Scurvygrass, 
153.  XX. Of the Magistery of Scurvygrass, 
165.  XXI. Of the outward use of Scurvyrass, 
171.    

ERRATA.  
THe Reader is desired to pass by literal faults, and to correct the following with his Pen, as they occur.  
IN the Proem, pag. 4▪ line 15. read Bittersweet. p. 5. l. 2. r. well known for not known. l. 14. r. Daystar for Dog-star. l. 24. r. moist. p. 6. margint r. 359 for 369. p. 12. mar. r. 495 for 405. lib. 7. for lib. 1. p. 13. mar. quest. 5. for 355. 235 for 250. Hist. 11 for Hist 4. 90 for 91.  
In the Book, p. 20. l. 20. r. whose for those. in mar. lib. 13. for lib. 130. p 22. l. 18. r Alliaria. p. 35. l. 10. r. Digitatis. l. 21. Equisitum. in mar. p. 176 for 116. p. 27. l. 24. r. stalks. p. 32. l. 28. Dover for Bristol. p. 38. l. 20. r. Ptisan. p. 41. l. 15. r. Levamen. in mar. p. 148. p. 42 l. 27 r warm. p 45. l. 6. r. Sheep's Pease. l 7. r one ounce. p. 46. l. 7. r. Antiscorbuticae. p. 47. l. 27. r. prescribed. p. 52. l. 6. deal the. p. 55. l. 16. r. Melons p 61.26. r. Brunnerus. in mar. Brunnerus for Brown. p. 62. l. 17 r. Assarabecca. in mar: p. 17. p. 63. l. 3. that the. p. 68, l. 4. Phlegm. P. 72. l 1. Chap. X. p. 146. l. 15. r Chap. XVIII. l. 20. Elecchir. p. 145▪ in mar. p 186. p. 149. l. 29 dilated. p. 150. l 13. deal are.   


The leaves of young Winter SCURVYGRASSE  
Small creeping SCURVYGRASSE   

Great creeping SCURVYGRASSE   

Britanica Bistort the English SCURVYGRASSE of Pena and Lobetius   

True SCURVY GRASSE Dutch SCURVYGRASSE    
THE CURIOSITIES OF SCURVYGRASS, OR, An Exact Scrutiny and careful Description of the Nature and Medicinal virtues of SCURVYGRASS.  

THE PROEM.  
BEfore I enter upon my Curiosities of Scurvygrasse, I think it convenient, in the first place to give an Account of Certain Admirable Plants, amongst which the Rosa Sinica, or China Rose, so called from the Place of its growth, is not the least considerable. It grows upon Trees, which every day change. Colour twice, some times it is altogether purple, and then again it becomes totally white; and is absolutely without smell. 
* Cap. 4. part. 4. p. 176.  Athanasius Kircherus in his China Illustrata makes mention of this Rose: where he also tells us, that at Rome, that Noble Botanist Franciscus Corvinus, in his Garden furnished with all sorts of Plants, hath a Plant called Viola Nocturna, or the Night Violet, which according to the Suns rising, or Setting doth sensibly change its Colours. In the day time it hath no smell, but in the Night it breathes forth a most pleasant odour.  
Of the Rosa Hierochuntina, or jericho Rose, many relate that though it be dry, and an hundred year old, yet every Christmas day, in the precedent night, betwixt the hours of eleven, and twelve, it begins to blow, or open itself of its own accord, and at length its leaves are fully blown, and expanded, after which it gathers in its branches, and shuts itself up in the form of a bud. But this truly is a Fable; for every day if it be put in wine, or water, it will open itself, and being taken out of the Liquor it will again contract itself: the truth of which I can satisfy any person in for I have such a rose which I procured for this intent, that I might administer to women afflicted, with hard labour, called by the Grecians 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉, a draught of wine, in which this Rose hath first expanded itself, for the water in which this hath been infused doth greatly promote the delivery of women in Travel, as hath been observed hitherto by many; and amongst the rest it hath been noted by Erasmus Franciscus (in the Gardens of Pleasures in the East and West-indieses 
b P. 1. p. 357▪  But I rather use wine than water, which seems more agreeable to reason, because it is most apt to revive the spirits, which is necessary in difficult Labour. This is called the jericho Rose, because it is supposed to grow in the Gardens, and Fields about the City of jericho in Palestine (which place is often mentioned in the Sacred Scripture) but this is a mistake, as appears by Baronius 2. Observat. 
c Cap 86.  & Munstero in Cosmograph: in descript, Civitatis Hiericho. writing thus: I have bought them brought thither by strangers from the adjacent parts of Arabia, where it grows on the Sea shore upon the sand, Rau Wolfiius saith he found a wild sort of them in Syria among their Cottages, and Ruined Buildings. Caspar Bauhinus 
d Lib. 12. Pinac. sect. 4. p. 484.  tells us he produced it several years together in his Garden, for it easily grows and flourishes. It is also called Rosa Hierosolymitania & Rosa Sanctae Mariae. The Rose of jerusalem, and the Rose of Saint Mary. But whether it be a Rose or Asphalthus, Rose-wood or Convolvulus, Bindweed or Amomum Dioscondis, or Bitterweed; or Erica, Heath, or else a Violet, or Dame-violets, I leave others to judge, for there are Authors, who relate it to all these kinds, but I shall proceed.  
Matthiolus in Epistola nuncupatoria, writes of an Herb, which, touching any place that is locked, causeth it to open. He also asserts, in the same place, that he saw a man at Venice, (who was condemned to be hanged) who by applying only one herb, with certain ceremonies, made all doors fly open, and thrust back their Locks,  
The same Faculty also hath another herb, not known in Italy, and growing in the Mountains, upon which, if Horses tread, it looseth their Iron shoes. 
e Lib. 12. pag. 412:  Athanas, Kercher. de Mun. Subterran. They commonly call this herb from this effect, Scoffocavallo, and suppose that it is a sort of Lunaria or Moonwort.  
There grows in judea a Root called from the place Baharas, which as josephus de Bello judaico tells us is of the colour of Flame, and shines, and sparkles like Lucifer, or the Dog Star; it also refuseth to be plucked up by any that desire it, until it be sprinkled with a Woman's Urine, or Menstruous blood.  
There is a certain Herb called Asciomenes, which, as Apollidorus says, being sprinkled with wine, doth contract its leaves into its self. And another growing in our Country about most places and Brooks, by Bauhinus supposed to be a sort of Balsamina or Balm Apple: of many others it is called Persicaria Siliquosa, or codded Arsemart, which▪ assoon as it is but slightly touched with the hand, the seeds fly out of the husk into your face, and for that cause it is called herba impatiens, or Noli me tangere, impatience, or touch me not. I have often observed and gathered this Herb (when I studied the Knowledge of Herbs) at Lipswick, where it grows not far from the Cabbage Gardens. (Kohl Garten.) Agreeable with this is Herba viva, or the living Herb, which is mentioned by Simon Paulus 
f Class. 3. quadripart, Botanic. p. 302. , which altogether refuseth to be touched, and which this Author saw contract itself at the slight touch of a Toad. If this herb be laid hold of, it appears to be absolutely withered, and dry; but if you take away your hand, it recovers its colour and freshness again. And Bauhinus 
g Lib. 10. Pinac. sect. ●● p. 369.  says, it withers or grows fresh again, as often as you lay hold of it, or remove your hand from it.  
The beforementioned Simon Paulus in the same place remembers another Plant, which he calls Mimosa, which cannot endure to be touched, and perisheth if it be, but doth not contract itself so soon, nor so soon expand its leaves, as the other doth, after touching. Bauhinus 
h Bauh. lib. 1. pag 360.  writes it is of the colour and taste of Liquirise, and doth agree in many things with wild Foene-greek.  
Of Indian Fern the same Simon Paulus 
i Simon Paul. Cap. 1.  relates, that its true, it will suffer itself to be touched, but then afterwards its leaves do wither and die, as if they were corrupted with a Gangrene.  
In the Isle Cambabon there is a Tree, whose leaves are very like a Mulberry Tree, but on both sides it hath two sharp and short feet, which, when it is touched, it goes away. Bauhinus 
h Bauh. lib 12. Pinac. sect. 6. p. 51●.  and Theophrastus 
l Theoph. lib. 4. hist. 3.  mention a certain Tree, growing near Memphis, which hath nothing peculiar, either in its leaves, boughs, or form, but in its event: for to look upon, it is prickly, and its leaves are like Fern, but if any body touch its branches, they say it does as it were dry, and languish, and contract themselves, but a little while after they return to life again.  
There grows (as we are told by Franciscus Lopaiz) a Plant in Peru, whose leavs, being touched, grow very dry.  
Borellus 
l Borel. Cent. 1. histor. & Obser. canor. Medico. Phys. 100 p. 98:  writes thus of a Sensitive Plant found out by him; I can glory, saith he, that I first found motion in the flower of a Plant sufficiently known, which I will name to you, lest any body take from me my due praise, which many times hath happened to me, etc. And a little after: The Flowers jateac Aromaticae Knapweed, whilst they are in Vigour and and full strength, and whilst there is to be perceived, as it were, a mealiness upon the Flowers, if the least part of the herb be touched; its hairy strings will contract themselves, so that the left part will gather itself up, the right side being touched; and so on the contrary. But you must carefully take heed, that you do not repeat this action in the same Flower. The same thing may be done with the wild jacent and Thistle, wherefore I do not doubt, but if curious search were made, but that many such Plants may be found; nay, I affirm for a truth, that all plants have an obscure sort of Sense, but some more obscure than others. Thus far Borellus.  
There is also an Herb (which as Nicholas Monardus testifies) showeth in diseases whether the sick shall live or die.  
The Spaniards relate that in a Province of the West-indieses, there is a certain Tree like a Pair Tree, whose fruit being eaten, doth wonderfully provoke Venery even to a miracle. Theophrastus' mentions a Plant, of which he that eats is enabled to lie with a Woman seventy times together.  
Also the Herb called Ossifraga, is very wonderful by reason of its Power to soften Bones; of which Tho. Bartholinus 
m Tho. Barth. Obs. 38. in Anno 1. Ephemer. Natur. Curios. p. 125, 126.  takes notice. They say if Oxen eat of it, it renders them unapt to go, and makes their Bones so soft, that they may be twisted about like a switch, but they do not die, but may be recovered, if they give them the Bones of some other Beast destroyed by this Herb. V. B. Sachsii Scholion in dictam Observationem 
n Pag. 126. , & Simon Paulus 
o Sim. Paul. Quadripart. Botan. Clas. 4. .  
jacob Bontius 
p jac Bon. lib. 5. Med. Ind. c. 33.  speaks of another Plant growing in Molucca, which produceth a Seed like Barley, but it is blacker, and more hairy. It also grow in other parts of the Indies upon the Continent, and doth so confirm, and strengthen the bones, that if the Teeth be only moistened with the juice of it, they are enabled to grinned a Flint to powder.  
There grows a fruit in a Province of China, which the Chineses call Peci, this being put into the mouth with a piece of Copper, it doth not only so soften the Copper, that it may be broken with the Teeth, but doth convert it into so excellent a substance, that it may be eaten 
q V. Ephemes Erud. 32. Tom. 2. p. 367. .  
In Tartary there grows an Herb like hemp, excepting that it hath not so strong, nor hard a stalk, which falleth to pieces or dissolves, and as it were becometh dirt, if it be put into water; but if it be cast into the Fire, it will never be burned, or consumed. In the same place also, and it is worthy our Admiration, it is related by Benzo 
r Benzo in Descrip. Ins. Canar. Occid. part. 6.  of a Tree which sweats forth water from its leaves constantly. This is also taken notice of by Franciscus Erasmus in his Garden of Pleasure. They write, that in all that Island there is no other water to be found, but what comes from that Tree; which is perpetually covered with a Thick Cloud, excepting when the Sun shines very hot upon it. Some there are, that suspect this Place to be the Rainy Island of Pliny and Solinus; for so Pliny lib. 6. cap. 32.  
In an Island called Ombrion, there are Trees like to Ferula, Fennel Giant; from which they press out Water, that which is got from the black sort is bitter, but that which comes from the white is pleasant to drink, But Benzo and Linscotus attributes this to a Tree, that hath leaves like the Walnut, though somewhat bigger, and are perpetually green, it hath its fruit in the bark of it, hanging out like Acorns with a sweet Kernel and exceeding Aromatical Taste. There are moreover other Trees admirable upon the account of their largeness, upon which they build little houses.  
There is a Tree called Licondo, so great that it can contain two hundred men with their Arms, and Oars, of the Trunk of which they make Boats in the Kingdom of Congo. He that desireth to know more of this kind, let him read Linscotus de Ind. Oriental.  
Nay they say in China there are found leaves, which falling into a Lake, or Pond, become Birds; and Roses, which twice a day change colour, now being purple, and then afterwards appearing of a whitish colour, as is related before of a certain Tree; also whose leaves, if they fall on the Ground, become flying Birds, if into the water, they are changed into Fishes.  
Claudius' Duratus relates there are Trees in Scotland, whose fruit wrapped in their leaves, if they fall into the water, are transmuted into Birds. Sebastianus Munsterus in sua Cosmographia speaks of these Birds, which, because of their bigness are called Geese; but Authors that write of them do not agree in the thing; for some hold they are produced from the leaves of the trees; others from the Apples or fruit; others from the rotten planks of a Ship. But what is to be thought of these Birds appears from Sennertus 
s Sen. Hypomnem Phys. c. 8. p. 405. , and Sperling 
t Sperl. Instit. Ph●s. l. 1. c. 7. . I affirm that nature observes her Laws in the generating both of Geese, of wood, and of Apples. I therefore say, and affirm, that the seeds and eggs of these Geese are contained in that Sea, and from them, not from the Apples, nor from the wood, nor from the water these Geese are produced. So that whether the Apples, or wood are put into the water, or not, yet these Geese shall be generated there. Of this see more in the newly cited Sennertus and Sperling D. L. and Kipping 
u Kipp. Instit. Philos. nature. lib. 7. c. 12. ; and Caspar Bauhin. 
w Casp. Bauh. Pinac. l. 12. sect. 6.  by whom almost all Authors that have writ of this subject are cited.  
Nor can I omit in this Place the Planta Haemagoga, or herb, that causeth Bleeding, which is mentioned by Galen 
x Gal. l. 4. purga●. Med. facult. c. 4. ; which only by touching at first draws the blood out of the veins and then kills. But this is ranked among the fabulous reports of the Ancients by joh. Baptista Sylvaticus, and Hen. Petreus 
y Hen. Petr. l. 1. Dissertat. Harmonic. 12. quaest. 355 pag. 25●. : but Zacut. Lusit. 
z Zac. Lus l. 2. de Med. Princ. Histo●. 4. p. 184.  doth stoutly defend the thing, and accurately answers the Reasons brought against it by Sylvaticus. Borellus 
a Borell. Cen●. 4. Hist & observ. 〈◊〉 Medico Phys. 90. p. 34●.  tells us of D. Laugerius, an incomparable Herbalist and Physician which found this Herb about the Latarran: and that he says also that Simon Cortand had likewise found it, and saw its effects even to Amazement; for when it was applied to the thigh of a sick person of a sanguine Complexion, the blood run from thence every way in streams, so that they were forced to apply the Loadstone to stop it. He describes it to be a mountain Plant, and that it is found among the Pyrenaean Mountains as far as the Alps, and hath leaves like sage.  
The same Borellus 
b Borel. cent. 1. l. Hist. & obs. 30. p. 35▪  mentions a certain Clandestine or hidden herb, which may be deservedly reckoned among wonderful plants, He describes is thus; It is found in the Spring time, it is hidden and lurks under the earth, as if it were of an envious nature, it is called Clandestina Madronna Occulta, and by many other names, it is hard to find, and hath been known but a few ages since. It is described by Dalacampius in his last book of Plants, but there is two sorts found with us, which he knew not of, he only describing the purple sort. But I can certainly aver, there is a sort to be found with a white flower, though it be rare its flowers lay a few days in heaps above the earth (like Adder's tongue and Moonwort,) but the leaves are hidden, white, thick and gathered up as it were a pine nut, etc.  
Also a certain sort of Orchidis, or Dogs stones, deserves admiration, for it so represenrs the forms both of Bees, Spiders, Flies, Butterflies, Birds, and Men, so that there is no member in these Infects, Birds, or Men, which nature hath not expressed in these Plants, insomuch that the complete human structure, under both sexes, is found form in the flowers of this Plant. Vid. Athanasius Kircherus 
c Athan. Kirch. l. 12. de mun. subter. l. 1. c. 9 p. 348. , & Dom. D. Martinus: Bernhardi à Bernite 
d D. Mart. Bern. obs. quae. 41. est Tom. 2. Miscel. Curios. p. 73. .  
I could produce more of such kind of Plants, did not my intended Design prohibit it; for now it is fit I come to my Description of SCURVYGRASS, which though it be not so wonderful, as these before recited Plants, it is nevertheless considerable in this, that it is one of the chief Curers of the Scurvy, and therefore it grows in no other Places, but where this disease is common, as shall be proved by and by.   

THE CURIOSITIES OF SCURVYGRASS,  
CHAP. I. Of the Name of Scurvygrass.  
PLants were produced by the Great and Good God, for the health of Men, and according to the diversity of circumstances, they are allotted different Names. Some derive their Names from their Inventors, or Finders out; So Artemisia or Mugwort was so called from Artemisia, wife to Mausolus, King of Caria, who adopted this Herb to herself. Gentian from Gentius King of Illyricum, who first found out its virtues in his Wars. Lysimachus, or Loose-strife from Lysimachus, Son of Agathocles of Macedon, Telephium, Orpine, from Telephus King of Mysia. Nymphaea Water-lilies, from the Nymphs, or Fairies, who first discovered it, or because it loves to grow in waterish places. Teucrium, Germander, from Teucrus (Son of Scamander, King of Troy, a Cretian) as Pliny 
e Plin. lib. 25. c. 5.  will have it. Nicotiana, Tobacco, from john Nicott, a Counsellor to the King of France, who discovered it in the year 1560. Mercurialis, Mercury or Dog-nettles, from the god Mercury, whose invention according to 
f Plin. lib. 25. cap. 5.  Pliny it was.  
2. Many derive their Names from their Virtues and Qualities, in which they excel others: as Hepatica or Liverwort, because it heals the Liver. Herba Paralysis, Cowslip or Primrose, because it prevails against the Palsy. Acorus, Aromatical Reed, or sweet smelling Flag, because 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉, i e. pupillis medetur: it is profitable against dimsightedness. Narcissus; Daffadil, 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉, from its power of stupifying; not, as the Poet's fable from the youth Narcissus, who fell in love with himself, Scrophularia, or Figwort, because it is believed to cure the Scrophulas, swelling of the throat, or Kings-Evil. Polygala, Milkwort, 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉, because it can produce much Milk. Vrtica Nettles, ab urendo, from burning, by reason it raiseth blisters in the skin, as fire doth. Saponaria, Sopewort, because it may be used instead of Soap to cleanse linen cloth. Moly, 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉, from its removing diseases. Gelatophylus, seu Apium Risus, or Water Crowfoot, because it moves laughter. Centaurium, Century, from its virtue in many diseases, was thought worthy to derive its name a centum aureis, from an hundred Crowns. The Germans esteem this Plant so precious, that they call it Tausandgulder Kraut, that is, thousand Gelder herb, although 
g Plin. lib. 29 cap. 4.  Pliny writes, that it derives its name from Chiron the Gentaur. Potentilla, wild tansy, from its great Virtues, as if one said potens, or powerful; it is also called Argentina, chiefly from the silvery shining of its leavs being dried; it is called Anserina, Goosegrass, because Geese delight to eat it in watery Meadows. Trachelium, Throatwort 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉, from the throat in those diseases 'tis commended and therefore also Cervicaria, Neckwort, and Vulvaria. Also from its external form, Campanula, Bell-flower, or Canterbury Bells. Also Lepidium, Dittander, because it doth take off the spots and Scurse from the Face, (by some called Lepidas.) Sinapi, Mustard, 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉, from hurting or offending the eyes. Nasturtium, Water-cresses, as it were, wring by the Nose, provoking by the Acrimonious sent of its seeds to Sneezing. Lactuca, Lettuce, from increasing Milk, and abounding with it. Lapathum, Dock, 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉, from emptying, because the Decoction of it emptieth the Belly.  
III. Many Plants gain their Name from the place of their growth. So Nardus from Naardo, a City of Syria, terminated by the River Euphrates, Colchicum, or Medow-saffron, because it grows in plenty at Colchis, a City of Asia near Pontus. Cyticus, a kind of shrub that generates much Milk, and grows in a place called Cythinus, as Pliny 
h Plin lib. 130. cap 24.  saith. Thapsia, a sort of Ferula, great Spanish scorching Fennel, because it is found in Thapsus, an Island of the same name, Dioscordius. 
i Dioscor lib. 4 c. 151.  Helenium, Elecampane, because the best is in S. Helen's Island, Brittanica, a sort of Bistort, a Snake-weed which grows on the Sea shore, opposite to Britain. Henricus Patraeus 
k Dissertat. Harmnn 38. Sect. 24. p. 289 . Ligusticum, Lovage, because it grows plentifully in Liguria in Italy. So also Ruta Muracia, Wall-Rue, because found on Walls. Caltha Palustris, Fenny Marigolds, because they grow in marshy and wet places. Parietaria, Pellitory of the wall, which springs forth of walls; from whence it is called by Celsus 
l Cels. lib. 2. cap. 33. . Herba Muralis, the Herb of the Wall. Alsine, Chickweed, quod 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉; that is, it loves dark and shady places.  
IV. Others are named from their taste: as Acetosa, Sorrel, Acetocella, Woodsorrel, from their having an acide or four taste. Centory the lesle, from its too much bitterness is called Fel-Terrae, or Gall of the Earth. Pyrethrum, Pellitory of Spain, 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉, from fire, from the fiery heat of its Root, which is felt upon the tongue. Eruca, Rocket, which by pricking bites the tongue.  
V. They are named from their Scent: as Caryophyllata, Avens, or herb Bennet, because its root being plucked up in the Spring time, doth smell Aromatically like Cloves, called Caryophillus-Geranium Moschatum, & Iva Moschata, Crane's Bill, and Chamcepitis, smell like Musk. Camphorata, stinking Ground-pine rubbed betwixt the fingers, gives a smell like Camphor. Allium, Garlick, some derive its name from exhaling a stinking smell, and therefore write it Alium: There are also who will have it derived from 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉, to leap forth, because it grows suddenly. Alliacia, Jack by the hedge, by reason its leaves bruised small betwixt the fingers, smell of Garlic. So also Scordium; water Germander, 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉, from Garlic whose sent it breathes. Liba notis, the herb Frankincense, from its smell of Frankincense. Spondilium; so called from an Insect of that name, of a stinking smell. Atriplex faetida, stinking Orach; 'tis called also Vulvaria futuaria, stinking Wort, from its unpleasing and stinking smell.  
VI From their colour: Ornithogalum, star of Bethlehem, from its milky colour, like that to be seen in the Wings and Eggs of Hens. Luteola; Dyers Weed, with which they colour Woollen Cloth yellow. Nigella, Fennel flower, from the black colour of its seeds. Iris, Flower de Luce, from the similitude it hath to the colours of the Rainbow. Chrysanthemum, Corn Marigold, because its flower shines with a golden splendour. Tripolium, Sea starwort, as it were grey thrice, or three aged, whose flowers change colour thrice a day, according to Dioscorides 
m Diosc l. 4. cap. 135. . In the morning it is white, at noon purple, and in the evening 'tis of a light red colour. Virga Aurea; Golden Rod, from its golden flowers. Cyanus, blue bottle, because of its Sky-coloured flowers.  
VII. From some living Creatures, to whom they are either friendly or disagreeable. Pulegium, pennyroyal, because the flowers of it being burnt, when they are fresh do kill Fleas. Tragoriganum; Goats Marjoram, which is pleasing to Goats. Melissa; Balm, called also Apiastrum, because Bees are delighted with it. Chelidonium; Celandine, because it was first found by the Swallow, called in Greek 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉, which recovers the sight of his blind young ones with it, or as others will have it, because this herb flourisheth when the Swallows come, and withers when they departed. Psyllium; 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉, Flea-wort, that is, it hinders the generating of Fleas in those houses in which it is kept green. Conyza; Fleabane, because it catches 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Fleas by its glewish or slimy substance. Apocynum, Dog's bane because it kills dogs. Anonis, Restharrow, 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 & 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉, because it helps Asses; for many suppose Asses do willingly tumble upon it to rub their backs against its prickles.  
VIII. From the Time: so Anemone, Anemony, a sort of Crowsfoot is called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉, from the wind, because it never opens its flower but when the wind blows, from whence it is called Herba ventis, wind-herb. Also Primula veris, Primrose. Crocus Vernus, Saffron of the Spring. Viola Martia, March Violets, because they flourish at these times. Ocymum, Basil, by reason it grows slowly, or by little and little.  
IX. Many have their names from their outward shapes, or form; as Sagitta, Arrow head, Sagittary, from a Dart. Nummularia, Money-wort. Digitatis, Fox-glove, or Fingerwort. Auricula Vrsi, Bears Ear. Orchis sue Satyrion & Cynoforchis; Dogs-stones. Pes Anserinus, Goose foot. Pes Leporis, Harcs' foot. Pes Leonis, Lion's foot. Brancha Vrsina, Bears Breech. Buglossa, Bugloss, or Ox Tongue. Cynoglossum, Hound's Tongue: and so Cyperus, Cyperus, or Galingal, 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉, or 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉, so called from the shape of its Root, which resembles a small Vessel, or little Box. Equisitium, Horse-tail, because its leaves are like Horse hair. Asphodelus, or Hastula Regia, Asphodel, Female Daffodil, or King Sceptre▪ because, when it is in its flower, it resembles the Sceptre of a King. Kyris, stinking Gladdon, from the likeness of its leaves to a Razor. Serratula, Little Saw, from its leaves being small jagged. Tragopogon, Goat's Beard, from the long hair or wool branching out of the top of it; wherefore in Latin 'tis called Barba Hirci, and Barba Capri, because in some measure it resembles the Beard of a Goat. Pirola; Winter-green, from the similitude its leaves have with those of a Pair-tree. Lunaria, Moonwort, from its Husk or Cod, representing the form of the Moon. Dracontium, Dragons, by reason of its purple spots in its stalk, which are like to a Dragons▪ Thlaspi, Treacle Mustard, from 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 to bruise, because its fruit appears as if it were bruised. Beta, Beet, for that it is of the figure of the Greek Letter β, whilst it is full of seed: And so also our COCHLEARIA, Scurvygrass, because its leaves are turned up, and hollowed round, nearly expressing the outward shape of a Spoon; so that its leaves resemble a little Spoon, not very hollow: from the same reason the Germans name it Loffelkraut, according to 
n Schu. lib, 2. the stirp. siles. p. 262.  Schvenckfelt, who calls it Scharbockskraut, without doubt from its excellent virtue against the Scurvy, from whence the Danes call it Skiorbugsurt, Steeurt. Simon Paul. 
o Sim. Paul. Quadri par●● Clas. 3. p. 267.  The Hollanders and Frieslanders Lepelcrunt 
p Tabernemont l. 2. Herb. p. 116 . the English Scurvygrafs, and Spoonwort, etc. it is called Herb aux escu eillieces, as Casper Pilleter 
q Synonym. Plant. p. 115. .   

CHAP. II. Of the Description of Scurvygrass.  
THe Herb Scurvygrass is of no high growth, but rather low, its leaves at their first springing out are longish, like those of Pyrola, or Winter-green, or the leaves of Adder's Tongue, having many small strings, or stakes, of a moderate length, proceeding from its root; the leaves are shining, flat, thick, fat, a little hollowed, 'tis generally but small: but if it light on a proper soil not so small, but of a middle size, resembling a shallow Spoon. Sometimes its leaves are Angular, and pointed, its stakes are nine inches long, and sometimes they are a span and half high, all along which there grows white flowers; its seeds are small, and of a dark red, or rusty brown colour, enclosed in little shells or husks, like the seeds of Water-cresses. The roots are slender and stringy, and of an acide or biting taste: this Herb is like the third sort of water Pimpernel, according to Lobel 
r Lob. icon. p. 467. ; but it chiefly resembles that water Pimpernel with the round leaf, not that which is notched or jagged; wherefore Guilandinus, as Bauhinus 
s Bauh. l. 7. §. 1. Pinac. theatr. Bot. 1. p. 252.  says, calls this kind of Pimpernel sometimes water Plantain, and sometimes he says it appears to be a sort of Scurvygrass. There are some which will have Scurvygrass to be a sort of Orpin, because they suppose it hath leaves like Purslain, which is justly disapproved of by Wierus, 
t Wier de Scorbut. p. m. 340:  because Garlic, and Onions, Sampire, land Coltrops, Spurge. Helioscopius, another sort of Spurge, which also hath leaves like Purslain, that is, thick, smooth, fleshy, or pulpy, are of the kinds of Orpine. He adds also many more distinguishing marks: as 1. That Scurvygrass is of a full deep green colour, but Orpine hath bluish leaves, that is obscurely blackish like Plumbago, or the Arsmart of Pliny, Bears-breech, etc. 2. Because the leaves of Scurvygrass are bend up like a Spoon, with very small Angles or points. 3. Scurvygrass hath only single leaves upon each small stalk, of which many spring from its root: but the stalks of Orpin grow higher, and are furnished with more leaves. 4. The stalks of Scurvygrass are sharp pointed, and outwardly round, but Orpin hath stalks that are fat, and round, like Purslain. 5. The Flowers of Scurvygrass are always white; but Orpin sometimes white, and sometime yellow. 6. They differ in the place of their growth, for Orpin grows not in watery places, but chiefly amongst Vines; but Scurvygrass loves wet grounds, and Fields near the Seashore: In Friesland and Holland it grows of its own accord; and although in our Country we raise it in Gardens, yet it delights in moist ground where it may shed its seed, otherwise it will not grow. 7. They differ in their temper; for Scurvygrass is hot and dry to the second and third degree, and of an eminent Acrimony, or biting taste, exceeding that of Water-cresses: but Orpin is not so hot, but only in the first degree; and moreover, it is endowed with a cleansing and detersive faculty (witness Galen and Dioscorides) from which it cureth the Morphew. What Telephium or Orpin is, is commonly known, it is so named (as is declared in the first Chapter) from Telephus K. of Mysia, who used it to a malignant Ulcer (for which cause such Ulcers are called Telephia) with which he was long afflicted, and in which he was wounded by Achilles: but in these, and such like Ulcers, which are almost incurable, Orpin is outdone by the decoction of the leaves, and sprouts of Bramble, or Dogs-berry Bush made with Wine (which is also called Cynosbatus; which as Simon Paulus 
s Sim. Paul▪ c. l. p. 54.  proves, is the same with Cynorrhodon, or Eglantine) if the Ulcers be often washed with it warm, which I have many times experienced in such like Patients; and therefore candidly communicate it to the courteous Reader.  
Many of the latter Writers do absolutely affirm our Scurvygrass to be the same with Bistort, which was first discovered to the Roman Soldiers by the Frislanders, 
Plin. l. 25. cap. 3.  or North-Hollanlanders. This is also mentioned by Dioscorides. 
t Dios. lib. 4. c. 2.   
It is described by Dioscorides 
u Gal. l. 6. simple. Med. Paul. Aegin. l. 7. c. 3.  c. l. that it hath leaves like wild Docks, but blacker and more hairy, and of an Astringent taste: and hath a little short Root, and shoots forth small stalks.  
But that Scurvygrass is quite different from Bistort, these Reasons following prove. 1. Hitherto in these parts it hath not been known, so that many will have it to be Arsemart; others Bears Ear, and some Mountain Carnations; there are which avouch it to agree in its faculties with Bistort: but Scurvygrass, in these and other Western Countries, is known by every body. 2. Bistort, as appears by Dioscorides, 
w Dios. C. L:  hath leaves like wild Dock, but blacker, and more hairy, of a binding or astringent taste; but the leaves of Scurvygrass are round, and greener, like Asserebacca, smooth, and not at all hairy, nor no way astringent. 3. Bistort hath a slender and short stalk and root; but Scurvygrass consists of many small stalks, with only one leaf upon each of them; the root is not so short, but sometimes of the length of a span. 4. Bistort is cold and dry, and therefore endowed with a binding faculty, from whence it strengthens loose Gums, and prevents the falling out of the Teeth; but Scurvygrass is of a hot nature, as any may perceive by its biting the lips upon its first touching of them. That it also fastens loose Teeth, is from another Reason, because it insensibly corrects those thin and cold humours, whose substance is wholly vicious, and offensive, which are lodged about the Teeth. 
x Lob. in Advers. p. 122.  Lobelius says thus of this matter: They in Friesland accounted Scurvygrass the Brittanica of the Ancients, they might better maintain this Opinion, if they knew that in England by the pleasant River of Thames, (which flows by London, and from thence to Bristol, a Port of the Western Ocean to which it moves, and by degrees increaseth its Floods) there is another of the same kind, like it in the flowers, seed, and taste, but with leaves not so hollow, or Spoon-like, rather resembling Allseed, or little Dock, the length of the Leaf is of the breadth of an Inch, to an inch and half, or two inches. It is thick, close, and full of juice, of the taste and colour of the other Scurvygrass, with a larger Root, and so all other parts of it proportionable, but lesle astringent, but no ways conveniently likened to the Bistort, or Britanica of Dioscorides, although like the other sort (viz. the Dutch Scurvygrass) it be praised for sore mouths, and the Scurvy with which we have seen many people that were deeply afflicted, cured the last Spring.   

CHAP. III. Of the Differences of Scurvygrass.  
THere is four sorts of Scurvygrass. 1. There is Scurvygrass with a very round leaf, and is called Dutch Scurvygrass, the Dutch Scurvygrass of Pena and Lobelius; the Britanica of Gesner. Lobelius and Bauhinus write it is a kin to Treacle, Mustard, and Cress: this is the common sort. (vid. Fig. 1.) The second sort is that with the hollow or crooked leaves▪ called Britanica, Bistort of Pena, English Scurvygrass, with leaves of wild Arach, or Allseed, of which 
a Vid. Observat. stirp. p. 1570.  Lobelius C. L. and his printed Figure of the same. This you may behold (Fig. the 2. of this Book;) this sort is unusual with us. The third kind is the Creeping Scurvygrass of Bauhinus, the least sort of creeping Sea Scurvygrass: Of Tho. Bartholinus it is called, Coclearia Amagria Insula Supina, the greater, and the lesle, 
b Sim. Paul. quadripart Botanic.  Simon Paulus (Fig. the 3. and 4.) 
c joh. Wier. Tract. de Scor p. m. 336.  johannes Wierus makes another difference of Scurvygrass, by reason of its Age. His words are these: At its first springing forth, it puts out leaves like Ophioglossum, or Adder's tongue, which arise together with its stalks from the roots; after that, being grown somewhat elder, it becomes more fleshy, or pulpy, and is very like Asserebecca, both in bigness and Figure, only it hath blunter points on the edges of its leaves, 
(Vide Fig. 4. & Fig. 1.)  commonly 7 or 9, chiefly in the Winter time; the least part of the leaf is plain, but most usually it appears hollowed like a Spoon; from which reason it derives its name, both among the Germans and Latins: So that you may deservedly call it Catyldon, or a hollow Dish. After another years' growth its leaves become like Ivy, and Asserebecca and they grow thinner by degrees, more and more, as they grow higher from the root, and are nearer the knobby, and bossy, or top part of the Plant; and so the leaves grow more manifestly pointed, and that in the Months of March, April, and May, at which time their Flower flourisheth at the height. In the place of which, afterwards in the Month of june, there succeeds plenty of seed, which being ripe, it appears in little Husks, and they are small and plain, and of an obscure red colour: the Root of this is slender, white, straight, and not long.   

CHAP. IU. Of the Place and Time of the growth of Scurvygrass.  
IT hath been declared above, that Scurvygrass doth not grow in all places, and chiefly not in the Eastern parts of the world, in which it is never found, nor will its seed sown in the Earth there produce it, for it will only grow in the Western parts, in which the Disease which it cureth, viz. the Scurvy is frequent. And this therefore happens through the great Wisdom of the Creator, that where any Diseases, through the nature of the place, are as it were vernacular or peculiar, there also familiar and specific Remedies against the same Diseases do grow plentifully. And 
d Fab. Held de Valetud. tuend. p. m. 646.  Fabr. Hildan writes: It is likely Nature is therefore backward in producing Scurvygrass in Switzerland, because through God's mercy this Country hath hitherto been free from this grievous Plague the Scurvy. In those places which are not afflicted with the Scurvy, 
C●nt 5 Observe. Chirur. 5. p. 388.  Scurvygrass doth seldom or rarely thrive, and that with difficulty, and although he himself, and his Colleagues and Comrades, did with exact care sow it in their Gardens, nevertheless they could not raise one Plant of it from its seed. Again, in his Book de Valetud. tuend. p. d. he reports that in the year 1628. he made another trial, if perhaps it would be produced, and carefully sowed the seed which he procured out of Holland in his Garden, which sprung up in plenty; to which he adds his Prayer, that it might not prove an unlucky Omen to the Swissers, and a Forerunner of this Disease, of which it is a Remedy. It is related by 
f Herm Nich. Obs Chir. rar. 97.  Hermann. Nicholai, that in Groenland (whose Inhabitants are infested with the Scurvy with that violence, that the motion of all their limbs is taken from them by it) and also in the Mountain of Bares of this Island, called Tafelberg, Scurvygrass and Sorrel grow so plentifully, that it hinders men from walking, and that these Plants always grow together, or near one another, because they ought not to be used asunder, lest singly taken by themselves they do hurt; for one abounds with a volatile salt, the other with a sour one, from the mixture of which a middle quality results. He also describeth the manner how the Groenlanders use it, which is thus: They take the newly killed flesh of their Rain Deer, or some Fowl, and boiling it with Oats or Barley, make a Plisan, and this Broth they season with these Scorbutic Herbs, from whence ariseth a highly Medicinal nourishment▪ by the use of which their Bellies are so loosened, that the corrupt humours are evacuated, as if they had took a purging Medicine, and presently they recover, as if they were new born.  
It grows plentifully in England, chiefly about the River Thames: as Lobelius C. L. reports in Friesland, Holland: also about Hamburgh, and in other Maritime places of the Lower Germany, and grows freely about Fenny and Marshy places. With us it is common and frequently raised from the seed in Gardens, loving shady moist places, and to grow by Brooks sides. It grows sufficiently well in the Gardens of Flanders, and elsewhere. It flourisheth in April and May; the next year after it is sown, the seed ripens by degrees in May and june: 
g Schwenckf. lib. 2. stirp. siles, p. 262.  Schwenckfelt says, that he had green Scurvygrass (which was raised from the seed) in his Garden a whole year together, which he kept for the Juice. Hiebner in his Agriculture, about the end of it writes▪ Loffelkrout Saamen strevet man anss, etc. that is, the seed of Scurvygrass is to be sown in the Spring, and afterwards it is to be removed and replanted; by which means it will thrive better and the Plant will be larger.   

CHAP. V. Of the Qualities and Virtues of Scurvy grass.  
SCurvy grass is of the Classis of those Plants, which are of a hot and dry faculty 
h Pilleter. Plant Synonym. p. 1152. , in the same degree with the third sort of green Water Cresses, and is not unlike it in quality and taste, 
i Schrod. Pharm. Medic. Chym. lib. 4. Clas. 1. p. 50.  Schroderus. In Groenland, as it is noted by Simon Paulus Quadripart, Botanic. p. 209. it is almost insipid or tasteless. It is endowed with an opening and Diaphoretic power, rendering fixed and crude humours, volatile and spiritual, and resists putrefaction; from whence it is useful in the obstructions of the Mesentery, spleen, and diseases of the Hypocondryes. Therefore Brunnerus 
k Brunn. Corsil. 63. p. 337.  says, Scurvygrass doth not only wonderfully mend the 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 or disorders of the Spleen, but also powerfully opens obstructions, it liquefieth, cuts, attenuates, and cleanseth Melancholy mixed with Phlegmetick humours, and sends them to the Kidneys, and therefore doth happily cure the Cacochymy or vicious juices of the Body, proceeding from swollen, or great spleens, and that chiefly, if the decoction of it be made with whey of Goats Milk. 
Schwenkf. C. L. p. 262. Maeb. Epitome. Instit. Med. l. 5. part. 2. § 8. c. 29. p. 662.  It is profitable against the Dropsy. It procureth women's courses. The seed is effectual in expelling by sweat the small Pox, and Measles, Frider. Hoffman 
n Frid. Hoff. Meth. Med. Wallejan. p. 14. . But chiefly Scurvygrass doth powerfully cure the Scurvy and its Symptoms; wherefore it is called Scorbuticorum Levamon. the solace or comfort of the Scorbutic, by johannes johnston 
o joh. john's. in Notit. regni vegetab p. 302.  (a Physician that will easily be allowed the chief of our Times). Upon what account it doth avail in the Scurvy is taught by Sennertus 
p Senn. l. 3. Med. prac●. part. 5. §. 2. Cap 4. p. 613. . It abounds with a volatile Salt of a certain bitterish Taste, for which cause it opens and penetrates those crude, gross humours, and renders them volatile, as the Chemist speaks; It discusseth and purgeth by Urine and Sweat; It strengthens the Bowels. Almost all modern Physicians do agree, that in the Scorbutic humour there abounds a gross and fixed salt, like that which is in smoked and dried flesh, and this is proved by me in my Tract. de varis seu Arthridite vaga Scorbutica. If this Salt therefore shall be made volatile, it may be discussed and expelled with the more ease, but if the Scorbutic Salt be volatile, as it is in the running Gout, it is further attenuated, and fitted for discussion by the secret pores of the skin, by the volatile Salt of Scurvygrass, or because this Salt (viz. in the Scurvy) is most commonly acid, and therefore apt to cause such intolerable pains by the volatile Salt of Scurvygrass, it is drunk in and mortified. The chief Antiscorbutic power or virtue of Scurvygrass is occult or secret, as almost all modern Physicians do agree, as it also appears in my Tractate de varis. johannes joachim Bechorus 
q In suo Parnas. Medicine. illustrato. p. 324.  describes the virtue of Scurvygrass in these following Verses.  
Spoonwort doth marm, and also doth dry,  
In the Scurvy 'tis a great Remedy,  
It sends out all corrupt humours by sweat  
With this your mouth gargel often, and wet.  
This Plant which deserves so much of your praise  
The Apothecaries use six several ways.  
It's Spirit, Syrup, Water procures health,  
So doth its Salt conserve, and th'Herb itself.  
Scurvygrass is not only used inwardly, but outwardly also, as you may see hereafter in the one and twentieth Chapter of this Book.   

CHAP. VI Of Medicines prepared from Scurvygrass in general, and in particular from its seed,  
SCurvygrass hath (as other Plants likewise have) its Root, its Leaves, its Flowers, and its Seed, yet there is no part of it in use, but only its Leaves and Seed. The Leaves of Scurvygrass are used inwardly, and outwardly: If there be any occasion to use them inwardly, they ought to be employed fresh and new gathered, else the volatile salt, upon which its virtues chiefly depend, will vanish away.  
There are many different Forms of Medicines made from its leaves; as 1. Sauces. 2. Decoctions. 3. Wine. 4. Infusions. 5. Waters. 6. Spirits. 7. Volatile Salt. 8. Oil. 9 Conserve. 10. Syrups. 11. Electuaries, and Mixtures. 12. Essences. 13. Juice. 14. Magistery. Of all which, and of every one in particular, I intent to write. The seed also doth enter divers compositions, and is used both inwardly and outwardly, among which are these following; Aqua Nephritica, or the Water for the Stone in the Kidneys, which is described by Bald. Timaeus 
r Bald. Tim. post Epistolas ejus p. 451.  a Guldenflee, Thus:  
℞ Of the Seeds of 

Broom,  
Parsley,  
Gromwel,  
Wild Carrots,  
Fennel,  
Anis,  
Chervil,  
Saxifrage,  
Pimpernel,  
Water Cress,  
Scurvygrass,  
Red Ciches or Shoop  
Pease, of each a noun.    
Being mixed together steep them in a sufficient quantity of Sack, and let them be distilled.  
In the same place the same Author describes a Spleen water thus,  
℞ Of the Seeds of 

Butcher's Broom,  
Ashtree Keyes,  
Amee or Bishop's weed  
Chervil,  
Rue,  
Agnus Castus or chaste Tree.  
Cummin,  
Anis,  
Fennel,  
Citron,  
Scurvygrass,  
Water Cress,  
Card. Mar. or our Lady's Thistle. Ana. ℥. 1.    
Being reduced to a gross powder, pour upon them of Wormwood wine a sufficient quantity, let them steep for three days, and afterwards let them be distiled.  
Pillulae Antiscorbutae or Pills against the Scurvy of the same Author 
s Pag. 461. .  
℞ Of 

The Extract of Quercetainus his Pill.  
Malang. ʒ. 2.  
The Extract of Sennaʒ. 1.  
Rosin of jallapʒ. 1. gr. 6.  
Vitriolat Tartar. gr. 13.  
The Volatile Salt of Amber ℈. 1.  
The Seeds of Scurvygrass. 

Water Cresses.  
Mustard Seed, of each ℈. 1. ss.      
Mix them, and with the juice of SCURVYGRASS make a Mass for Pills.  
The Decoction of Guaiacum wood by the same Author 
t Lib. 3. Cas. Med. 33 p. 165. .  
℞ Of 

Guaiacum wood rasped ℥. 2. ss.  
The Bark of the same wood ℥. ss.  
Sarsaparilla ℥ 1. ss.  
Sassafras wood rasped ℥. 6.  
The Roots of Scorzonera,  
Enula Campain of each ℥. ss.  
The seeds of Scurvygrass.  
Water Cresses of each ℥. ss.  
The inner Bark of a Pine tree ℥ 1.  
Citron Pill, ℥. ss.  
Cinnamon ℥ 1.    
Being cut and bruised, steep them in the waters of Scurvygrass, of Water Cress, of Fumatery, of each a sufficient quantity afterwards let them be boiled in a double Vessel.  
The straining of this lb. 3.  
The Syrup of the juice of Scurvygrass.  
The Syrup of the juice of Water Cress. of the juice of Fumetary, of each ℥. 2.  
Mix them the Dose is from ℥ 4. to ℥ 6.  
The Seed is chiefly described in Noddles or little Bags; as for example.  
℞ Of 

The seeds of Scurvygrass, 

of Rocket,  
of Water Cress, of each ℥ 1    
The Leaves of Senna without stalks ℥ 1. ss.  
The Roots of Polypod. 

of Black Hellebore.  
of jallap, of each ℥ ss.    
The Bark of Ash tree, 

of Tamarisk.  
of Cappers, of each ℥. 2.      
Being cut and bruised, make it into a Nodule with fine white linen. Title it the purging Nodule for one Can or quart of Wine.  
It is also an Ingredient of the Spleenitick Essence of B. Dom. D. Michaelis which is this:  
℞ Of 

The Herb of Spleenwort, M. 3.  
Mother of Time,  
Dodder.  
Harts-Tongue,  
Milzadel,  
The Flowers of St. john's wort. of each M. 1.  
Brom Flowers P. 2.  
The Bark of Cappers, 

of Tamarisk,  
of Ash-Tree, of each ℥ 4.    
The Roots of Polypode, of the Oak, 

of Fern,  
of Grass, of each ℥ 3.  
of Herb Bennet ℥ 1. ss.    
The Seeds of Butcher's Broom. 

of Ash-tree Keys seeds an. ℥ ss.  
of Scurvygrass,  
of Water-Cress, of eachʒ 2.    
With the Spirit of Dodder and Fumetery,  
Make an Essence according to Art.     

CHAP. VII. Of Sauces made with Scurvygrass.  
IT is declared in the former Chapter there may be made many different Forms of Medicines from the Leaves of Scurvygrass, and among the rest Embemma or Sauces. What is signified by Embemma may be gathered from 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉, i e. immergere, intingere, to dip under, or dip into, and seemeth to be derived from thence, from whence the Latins call Sauces Intinctus, the Germans name it, ein Tuncte, ein Titsche. Sauces are made of divers things; as for example, of Cappers, of the Pulp of Apples, with Pulp, or rather the Juice, of Lemons and Wine, with the Roots of Horse Reddish grated, adding Vinegar unto it, with Mustardseed ground small, either with Vinegar, or Must, or the Juice of Grapes, from whence it is called Mustardt by the Borderers. Sauces are also prepared of Water Cresses, and Wine, and Sugar. Also Sauces may be made of Scurvygrass, if, for example, its fresh gathered leaves be cut small, mixed with Sugar, and a sufficient quantity of Wine poured upon it. You may mix Scurvygrass and Water Cresses together, and prepare them the same way, or take of Scurvygrass very small cut or minced, and add of juice of Lemons or sour Oranges, and so you will have a Sauce pleasant to the taste, and effectual against the Scurvy, for these kind of Sauces are mighty advantageous in the Scurvy, insomuch that the People of Norway are preserved from this Disease by the use of them, as is asserted by 
u Gr. Hors. lib. 1. de tuend. San. c. ●6. p. 72.  Gr. Horst.   

CHAP. VIII. Of the Decoction of Scurvygrass.  
EVgalonus doth affirm, that he hath cured many Scorbutic Persons, only with the Decoction of Scurvygrass. The leaves of the new Scurvygrass are to be boiled in Milk, or, if they be troubled also with a fever and heat, then boil them in Buttermilk 
w Vid. Sennert. l. 3. Med. Pract. p. 5. sect. 2. c. 6. p. 619. , also in Whey, Wine, Ale, Beer, or Water, and let the Decoction thereof be drank several days together, if the leaves of Scurvygrass be used by themselves, they ought not to be boiled long, and if they are boiled with other ingredients, they ought to be added towards the end of the boiling, lest the volatile Salt do quite vanish away. There are many Decoctions described by Authors in which among the rest, the fresh leaves of Scurvygrass do not enter the decoction singly, and by themselves, but mixed with other things as well purgative as sudorisick, of which sort is the Decoction of 
x Sennert. l. 3. Med. pract. p. 5. § 2, c. 6▪ p. 617.  Sennertus.  
℞ Of 

The Roots of Cichory, 

of Fennel,  
of wild Redish, of each ℥ 1.  
of Wake Robin preparedʒ ss.    
The Leaves of Scurvygrass, 

of Water Cress,  
of Brooklime, of each M. 2.  
of Card. Bened.  
of Fumetery,  
of Centaury the lesle,  
of Wormwood, of each M. ss.    
Let them be boiled in a close Vessel in whey of Goat's Milk, or in Rhenish Wine lb 4.    
In the same place he hath this Decoction.  

℞ SCURVYGRASS.  
Water Cresses of each part equal.  
Brook lime half a part.   
Let them be bruised in a stone Mortar, and let them be boiled in Goat's Milk or Whey.  
The Purging Potion of 
y Mat. Mart. p. M 667.  Mathias Martinus in his Tract of the Scurvy.  
℞ Of 

The Leaves 

of Fumetery,  
of fresh Scurvygrass,  
of Brooklime,  
of Maidenhair,  
of Spleenwort,  
of Agrimony, of each M. 2.  
of Scabiose,  
of Miltwast, of each M. ss.    
The Cordial Flowers of each, P. 1▪  
Liquoris Root bruisedʒ 6.  
The Leaves of Senna, ℥ 1.  
Choice Rhubarb.  
The Bark of Indian Mirabalans prepared, of each, ℈ 4.  
Raisins of the Sun stoned, ʒ 9  
Clean picked Barley, P. 1.  
Schaenanth or Camels hay ℈ 1.    
Let them be boiled in Whey to the quantity of one pint, let them remain in infusion for a night, to the straining add, 

Of the Syrup of Forestus against the Scurvy, ℥ 2.  
Of the repeated infusion of Roses,  
Of Nicholas his Syrup of Cichory with Rhubarb, of each ℥ ss.    
Mix them for three doses to be taken in the mornings, with which there use to be voided much filthy melancholy.  
The sweeting Decoction of China, of the same Author, in the same 
z Pag. 713.  Book.  
℞ Of 

The Roots of China ℥ 2.  
Sarsaparilla.  
Scorzonera or Viper's Grass, of each ℥ 1. ss. 

of Liquorisʒ 6.    
The Seeds of Meloris 

of Cucumbers, of eachʒ 2.    
The Leaves of Brooklime, M. 1. ss. 

of Scurvygrass, M. 1.    
The Flowers of Bugloss, M. ss.  
Raisins of the Sun, ℥ 3.  
Heart's horn burned ℥ ss.  
Rhodium wood rasped, ʒ 3.  
Cinnamon, ʒ 2.    
With these being grossly bruised prepare a Decoction with Barley Water, or the Broth of an Hen without Salt, it is extremely good to procure sweat with.  
The Decoction against the Scorbutic Consumption of the same 
a Pag▪ 7 ●●.  Author.  
℞ Of 

The Bark of Cichory Roots, 

of Parsley Roots, an. ℥ ss.    
The Leaves of Spleenwort, 

of Cichory,  
of Miltwaste,  
of Brooklime,  
of Scurvygrass,  
of Fumetery,  
of Agrimony,  
of Roman Wormwood of each M. ss.    
The Cordial Flowers, P. 1.  
The seeds of Aniseʒ 1. 

of Endive,  
of Agnus Castus, or the Chaste Tree, of each, ʒ ss.    
Raisins of the Sun skinned and stoned, ʒ 6.  
The Bark of Capper Roots, ʒ 3.    
Make a Decoction for a pint and half, in Beer or else in common water, and add to the straining 

Of Ferestus his Syrup against the Scurvy, ℥ 1. ss. 

Of Fumetery,  
Of Cichory with Rhubarb,  
Of Endive, of each ℥ ss.      
The Broth of an old Cock by the same 
b Mat. Mart▪ p 668.  Author is much commended.  
℞ Of 

Viper's Grass,  
Polypodium, of each ℥ 1. ss.  
Asparagus,  
Bugloss, of each ℥ ss.  
White-wine Tartar, or else of the Cream of Tartar,  
The seeds of Carthamus or bastard Saffron bruised, of eachʒ 10. 

of Anise,  
of caraways, of eachʒ 2.    
Gummy Turbith Rootsʒ 5.  
Salt Gem or Mountain Saltʒ 2.  
The Leaves of Senna of Alexandria, ℥ 2.  
The Roots of Galingale, 

of Ginger, of eachʒ 1. ss.    
Cinamonʒ 1.  
The Flowers of Bugloss, 

of Violets,    
The Leavs of Agrimony, 

of Miltwast,  
of Betony,  
of Germander,  
of Gout-ivy,  
of SCURVYGRASS of each M. 1.      
All being bruised, let them be stuffed into the belly of an old Cock, and let them be boiled in three parts water, and one part White-wine; let this Decoction be used for divers days together.  
Barbet hath this Apozema or Decoction. 
Barb. lib. 4. Prax. cap. 8.   
℞ Of 

The Roots of Raddishesʒ 3. 

of Fern ℥ 1.    
The Leavs of Brooklime, 

of Water Cress,  
of Scurvygrass, of each P. 1.    
Tamarinds ℥ 1.  
The seeds of Smallageʒ ss.    
Boils it in Barley water, or Rhenish wine, and in ℥ 24. of the straining dissolve, 

Of the Syrup of the five opening Roots ℥ 2.   adding 

Of Spirit of Vitriol 8. drops.    
Mix them and make an Apozema.  
Gregory Horstius his sweeting Potion, which he describes 
d Lib. 2. c. 4. p. m. 270.  Tract. de Tuend. San. 

The Roots of Devils bit, 

of Sarsaparilla,  
of true round Aristoloch, or Birthworth, an. ʒ 3.    
The Herbs SCURVYGRASS, M. 1. 

Sage,  
Bettony,  
Southernwood,  
Rue,  
Periwinkle, of each, P. 1.    
The seeds of Columbineʒ 2.    
Boil them in the water of Water-Cresses, of Brooklime, of SCURVYGRASS, of each a like quantity, to the consumption of half the liquor, strain through a sieve or cloth with ℥ 6. of this decoction, 7 earth worms, which have circles about their necks, then add 

of Treacleʒ ss.  
of Cinnamon waterʒ 2.  
of Spirit of SCVRVYGRASSʒ 1. ss.  
of the mixture S. Vitriolate 8. dr. mix them  
℞ of this ℥ 1. ss. Add to it of Oriental Bezoar- stone gr. 5.  
of Spirit of Tarra sigil. ʒ 5.   mix them for one dose to procure sweat.  
This Apozem▪ is commended by Dr. john Michael Fehr▪ 
Dr. joh Mich. Fehr in sua Hiera, Picra. p. 132. he there describes it, vid. infra c. 19  the Worthy Precedent of the College of the Curiously inquisitive after Nature.  
The Decoction of Forrestus, which is opening, discussing, strengthening, which he describes, 
f Lib. 20. Observe. H. p. M. 298.   
℞ Of 

The Bark of the Roots of Cichory, 

of Parsley, an. ʒ ss.    
The Herb of Spleenwort, 

Of Cichory,  
of Miltwast,  
of Brooklime,  
of SCURVYGRASS,  
of Fumetery,  
of Agrimony,  
of Roman Wormwood, of each M.B.    
The Cordial Flowers, of each P. 1.  
The Seeds of Aniseʒ 1. 

of Endive,  
of Agnus Castus, of eachʒ ss.    
Raisins of the Sun stoned P. 1.  
The Bark of Capper Roots, ʒ 3.    
Make a Decoction in Common water to a Pint and half, add to this being strained, 

Of the Syrup against the Scurvy,  
Of Fumetory,  
Of Endive,  
Of Cichory with Rhubarb, of each ℥ ss.   mix them.  
This before cited Author writeth, that he hath not found a more efficacious experiment in the Scurvy, he 
g Observe 12: p. M. 303.  reports that he had ordered some the Decoction of Scurvygrass and Brooklime in common Beer. 
h Hartm. Prax. Chym. p. M. 214.  Hartman commends for poor people in the Scurvy the Decoction of Guaiacum wood with Scurvygrass. 
i Brown in Consel, 30. p. 165.  Brannerus writeth, that the Decoction of Milk or Goat's Whey in which Scurvy Grass hath been boiled, is very profitable for those in diseases of Melancholy, and in Tumours, and swellings, which fear a flux of melancholy matter.  
It is to be observed of many of the Decoctions before cited, that they are unpleasant, and that there is too great a quantity allotted for one dose. If Physicians of our Age should prescribe such, they would be deluded by their Patients. Therefore it behoves every Physician, that he prescribes Medicine in a lesle quantity, and more grateful to the Pallat. Care is to be taken also in these kinds of Decoctions, lest that the Leaves of Assaracabacca be mistaken for the leaves of Scurvygrass, as was done in Denmark by pretenders to Physic, endeavouring to cure themselves and others, and to that purpose caused them to be infused, being bruised in Antiscorbutic potions, from the use of which Medicines, they fell into Vomitings, and so they suffered much pain and punishment, as a justly merited reward for their foolish Physic, as is testified by Simon Paulus 
k Sim. Paul. Quadripart. Bot an. Clas. 2. p 529. . But here in this place such a mistake is not to be feared, because our women commonly know Scurvygrass, but it were to be wished if the Medicasters' of both Sexes, of which here are more than a few, that the Magistrate would lay some heavier punishment upon them, that they might not without Punishment kill so many as they do. Galen counts them to differ nothing from Thiefs only in this, that these get their Prey in Cities, and the other in Mountains and Woods. Nay he rightly affirms that they are much worse than Robbers, for they only take away the money of Travellers, and are subject to be punished, but these are rewarded for taking away the money together with the Life of the Sick.   

CHAP. IX. Of the Wine of Scurvygrass.  
THis Wine made of the Leaves of Scurvygrass is prepared two several ways, that is, either by Fermentation or without Fermentation; without Fermenting it is done thus,  
Take Must or New Wine, not trod out with feet, through a Sack, but clear and squeezed forth by a Press, whilst it is yet new, and hath not hitherto fermented or worked; put it into a very clean Barrel, in which are great quantities of fresh gathered Scurvygrass leaves made pure and cleansed from all filth and dirt, and put into the Barrels, till they be filled to the middle, so that the Leaves and the New Wine may be of like quantities, and that the Vessels may be filled to the Top, the Barrel ought to be stopped up exactly, and so you will have in short time (if you have done as you should) a Wine clear, red, and almost sweet, almost equalling Sack in its relish, having sensibly both the smell and taste of Scurvygrass, yet not ungrateful to the Pallat.  
Scurvygrass Wine is made by Fermentation, if in an open Vessel in which the Must doth work, you put in the Leaves of Scurvygrass, but not in so large quantities, whose taste 'tis true, will not be so pleasant to the palate, but is of great force and virtue in the Scurvy, insomuch that it doth exceed wormwood Wine, which is so much commended in the Scurvy.  
The Causes hindering the Fermentation of the first sort of Wine are three: The first is the addition of the Leaves of Scurvygrass to the Must or New Wine, which hath not yet wrought, for it is otherways if it hath already begun to ferment, for than you can scarcely hinder it to proceed, wherefore 
l Kirg. de Ferm. §. 2. c. 8. pag. 13▪  Kirger is in the right, (who saith) if the first degree of fermentation be begun, or be upon its increasing, it moves towards it height or state, it is not then any longer in the power of the chief Form to call back those parts that are already separated, or to hinder those from separating themselves. Secondly, the close stopping up the Vessel, and thereby denying a free space or convenient room, by that means the Must cannot rarify itself, nor expand its parts, which rarification and expansion are absolutely necessary to cause Fermentation. Such mute or stifled Wines the Germans call stumme Weine oder verhaltene Most, that is, stum or unworked Must.  
Thirdly, By taking away the Ferment (or particles which cause the workings in the Must, by the addition of the great quantity of the Leaves of Scurvygrass. For the Faeces or dregss of the Must (which is its Ferment, or that which causeth it to work) sticketh to these Leaves, and so is hindered in its operation, as it is done in the Wine called by the Germans spahe Wein, that is, Stum. When for the same purpose they put into Barrels filled with Must, or Juice of Grapes, the smooth and slender twigs of Ash, Birch, Tamarisk, or Hasel wood. But if the Faeces be not impeded, than by reason of their acidity with which they are endowed in a large proportion, upon the Score of their Salt, the Must having space enough can easily ferment, after the same manner that acid Ferments ferment the humours in our Bodies and are wont to excite and stir up Fevers; for it is the general opinion of modern Physicians, that the chief cause of Fevers is fermentation, which is more largely proved by Dr. Thomas Willis and Kergerus, 
Kergerus.  by whose reasons being moved, I also embrace the same opinion, but after what manner, and with what ferments the feverish fermentation is performed, which is the cause of every fever (for in this Authors differ, and therefore) I think it convenient in this place to delineate, or give as it were a 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉, or short account, as it were 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉, or a discourse of Fevers, that so there may be an occasion started for a further inquiry into the Nature of the thing, reserving a Tract of this Subject to another time 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉.  
There are to be considered in this feverish fermentation; the ferments, the humours fermenting; the place in which the fermentation is made, and the time of the Fermentation.  
The Ferments are Plagme, Choler, the Pancratick juice, the Salt residing in our bodies (if they hap to be preternatural or unkindly constituted, and have acquired to themselves either an acide, or some other fermenting faculty) and poison.  
The Humours fermenting in Fevers are the Chyle the Lymphatic juice, the Blood.  
The place in which fermentation is made is threefold; the Vessels in which these humours are contained, viz. The Venae Lacteae, or Milky Veins; the Lymphatic Vessels, and the Veins and Arteries.  
The time of the Fermentation is various upon the score of its duration; for Fevers, by reason of the diversities of their Ferment, on the account of their Qualities and quantities, and also the distance of the Vessels are either short or long, some of them prove continual, some again are Intermitting, and these hap either every day, or return upon the third or fourth day, and these have their certain times of coming about and end.  
Intermitting Fevers or Agues are produced in the Milky Veins, from preternatural phlegm, from whence are phlegmatic and Quotidian Agues, commonly called Crude (of the Germans Magan Fieber) because the phlegmatic juice of the Crude nourishment in a weak stomach, being not rightly resolved and volatized, by its Ferment, it becomes sour. From preternatural choler, Bilious and Tertian Agues are produced; and from the Pancratick juice, Melancholy, and Quartan Agues.  
If in the Lymphatic Vessels, its juice shall grow sour by reason of a strange Salt, and shall ferment there, there will arise Fevers joined with Catarrhs and Defluxions.  
If the Blood do ferment in the Veins and Arteries, either the venal or arterial Blood (which is to be looked upon as one and the same liquor by reason of its circulation, happily found out by Dr. Harvy) from thence will arise Continual Fevers, as it happens the fermentation from divers ferments is in the Vessels near to, or remote from the Heart.  
But if Poison be taken into or generated in the Body (which that such a thing may be, experience teacheth, and is sufficiently proved by Sennertus, Zacutus Lusitanis, and others) then there breaketh out malignant Fevers, as the Measles, Small Pox, Spotted Fever, and the Plague itself.  
That the Blood may be made to ferment with venoms, appears from hence, that in such Cases there will come forth Bubo's and Parotides, that is angry swellings in the Groin, under the Armpits, and behind the ears, also other little swellings, and after Death the Body will be puffed up and swollen. This saving every man's judgement, I thought fit to add 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉, and by the by, and now I return where I left.  
Sennertus 
(m) Sennert, l 3. Med. Pra●. § 2. c. 8.  doth direct this Physical Wine.  
℞ Of 

The Roots of Sarsaparilla, 

of China,    
The Wood of Sassafras, an. ℥ 2.  
The Roots of Rhodium, 

of Avens, or Herb Bennet,  
of Viper's grass, an. ℥ 1.    
Heart's Tongue,  
Germander,  
SCURVYGRASS,  
Wormwood, an. M. 2.  
Of the best Cinnamon, ʒ 6.  
Raisins bruised, lb. 1.    
Pour Wine upon them, or which is more convenient Must, to the quantity of half an Amphora, that is take three Gallons, and so make a Physical Wine.   

CHAP. VIII. Of the Infusion of Scurvygrass.  
WHat Infusions are, is commonly known, as to wit, let Physical things be steeped in a convenient Liquor, that they may yield their Virtue to it, and put them in a warm or hot place, in a stone or glass Vessel.  
So you may also infuse the Leaves of SCURVYGRASS, sometimes by themselves, and sometimes with Alteratives, Purgatives, Diuretics and Sudorificks, and mixed together, and that in Wine, Ale, Milk, Whey, Buttermilk, etc. as will appear by these following examples:  
The Infusion of Matth. Martinius, ℞ Of The Leaves of Scurvygrass, M. 2.  
Put them for a night into ℥ 5. of Goat's Whey, or let them be boiled in MB, moderately warm, and being strained hard out, mix with it 

Of Forestus his Syrup against the Scurvy,  
Or of the Syrup of the juice of Sorrel, ℥ 2.    
And let it be drank Cold.  
The same Author's Alterative Wine,  
℞ Of 

The Leaves of Brooklime, 

of Water Cresses,  
of Scurvygrass, an. M. 1.      
Bruise them and steep them in the distilled liquor of Radishes and a fourth part of Wine, or in all White-wine, to the quantity of about a quart, and hang in the straining of the Liquor this following Nodule, or little Bag,  
℞ Of 

Galengalʒ 2.  
Spikenardʒ ss.  
The best Cinamonʒ 1. ss.  
English Saffron ℈ 2.    
And make a slight boiling, drink the straining Morning and Evening.  
The Wine of SCURVYGRASS of 
n Sennert. l. 5. Med. pract. p. 3. §. 2. c. 9 p. 243.  Sennertus.  
℞ Of fresh gathered SCURVYGRASS some handfuls, beaten them very small and pour upon them Of Rhenish wine some pints, put it in a glass, let it stand in a Cellar three days, afterwards let it be strained for use.  
The same Author's 
o Senn. l. 3. Med. Prac. part. 5. §. 2, c. 8. pag. 617.  Infusion.  
℞ Of 

The Roots of Wild Radish, ℥ 1.  
SCURVYGRASS,  
Water Cresses,  
Brooklime,  
Fumatery, of each M. 1.   being bruised in a marble Mortar, pour upon them of Milk or Whey a pint and half, let them stand 12 hours in a warm place, afterwards let it be strained, and add to the straining 

of Saffron ℈ 1.  
Cinnamon, ʒ 1. ss.  
Strong Cinnamon Waterʒ ss.   Mix them.  
OR  
℞ Of 

Water Cresses,  
SCURVYGRASS, ana. M. 2.  
Galangal,  
Cinnamon, ana. ℥ 2.  
Wild-Radish Roots ℥. ss.    
Bruise them all in a Stone Mortar, and pour upon them a sufficient quantity of Whey, let them stand in a warm place for a night, and strain them out in the morning.  
The Infusion of Dr. Bald. Timaeus of Guldenflee. 
Lib. 3. Cas. Med. 34. p. 165.   
℞ Of fresh wild Radish Roots, cut into round slices ℥ iv. pour upon them of Rhenish wine, lb iv.  
Let it stand in Infusion for 3. days and then strain it afterwards.  

℞ Of fresh leaves of SCURVYGRASS, 

of Water Cresses,  
of Brooklime, ana. M two.     
Cut them and beaten them in a marble Mortar, and pour upon them the former straining, let them stand for a day and a night, then press them strongly out with a Press, and filther it through a whited brown paper. for nice people you may add a little Sugar.  
OR  
℞ Of 

Fresh SCURVYGRASS,  
Water Cresses, an. M. two.  
Fumatery,  
Wormwood,  
Pimpernel, ana. M. 1. ss.  
Ash-tree Bark, ℥ i  
juniper Berries ℥ i ss.  
Enula Campane Roots, ℥ i  
Cichory Roots, ʒvi.   being cut and bruised grossly, put them in a little Barrel, and pour upon them of new Wine or new Ale six gallons; after it hath worked well, and is clear, take of it twice or thrice in a day from ℥ vi. to ℥ x. or more, as you think fit.  
You may order this following.  
℞ Of 

SCURVYGRASS,  
Water Cresses,  
Brooklime, ana. M. two.  
Radish Roots cut into slices, Nᵒ. i   put them into a sufficient quantity of the best White-wine.  
You may take a Wine Glass full of the straining of it when you please, or if you will sweeten it with Sugar.  
OR  
℞ Of 

SCURVYGRASS,  
Water Cresses,  
Fumatery, ana. M. i    
Pour upon them a sufficient quantity of Whey, let them stand in a glass close stopped for a night's time, in the morning strain it out hard, the dose is ℥ iii  
The Physical Wine of Dr. Fredrick Deckers. 
q Fred. Deck. in notis & Obs. in Prax. Barb. p. 148.   
℞ Of 

SCURVYGRASS,  
Water Cresses,  
Wall Rue, ana. M. i  
Wild Radish Roots,  
Polypod Roots, ana. ʒii.  
Black Hellebore Roots,  
jalap, ana. ℥ 1.  
Choice Senna Leaves ℥ i  
The yellow Rind of an Orange ℥ two.  
Strong Cinamonʒi. ss.  
Cruse Tartar, ʒiii.   being cut and grossly bruised, sow them in a bag, and put them in a stone pot, and pour upon them of White or else Rhenish wine two quarts. Take a draught of this in the morning.  
Nodules belong to Infusions 
(r) Sen● lib. 3. Med. Pract. part. 5. §. 2. cap. 6. p. 617.  Sennertus describes this Nodule.  
℞ Of 

Brooklime,  
SCURVYGRASS,  
Water Cresses, ana. M. 1.    
Bruise them and infuse them in Rhenish Wine, afterwards let it be pressed hard out, and in the straining infuse this following Nodule.  

The Seeds of Water Cresses, half an ounce.  
Cinnamon,  
Cloves,  
Mace, of eachʒi.   
Give a draught of this every day.  

Brun. Consil. 30. p. 167.  Brunnerus prescribes this:  
℞ Of 

The Roots of Fennel, 

Cichory,  
Asparagus, ana, ℥ two. ss.    
The Seeds of Aniseʒii.  
The Herb SCURVYGRASS, 

Agrimony,  
Dodder,  
Maidenhair, an. M. ss.    
The Leaves of Senna of Alexandria, ℥ i  
The Roots of Polypod. of the Oak, ℥ ss.  
The Best Rhubarb, ʒiii. 

of Mechoacanʒii.    
Choice Cinnamon, ʒi. ss.  
Spikenard, ℈ i  
Ginger, ℈ two.    
Of these being cut and bruised make according to Art, a Nodule.  
These following Nodules are to be found in Tract. de varis, or Arthrite. wag. Scorbut. Cap. 8, p. 106, 107.  
℞ Of 

The Herbs SCURVYGRASS, 

Water Cresses,  
Germander,  
Polypod, ana. M. i    
The Roots of wild Radish, 

Fern,  
Polypod. ana. ʒ. two.    
The Bark of Capers, 

Tamarisk, an. ʒi. ss.    
The Flowers of noble Liverwort, 

of Cichory, an. P. i    
Senna Leaves without Stalks, ℥ i  
The Roots of Black Hellebore, 

of Rhubarb, an. ʒi. ss.    
The yellow of Orange Peel, ʒii.  
Choice strong Cinnamon, ʒi.  
Clean Crude Tartar, ℥ ss.   being cut and bruised make a Nodule with fine white Linen, entitle it the purging Bag for one Can of Wine, of which it is good to take every Morning and Evening a wine Glass full.  
℞ Of 

The Herbs Betony, 

Germander,  
Rosemary,  
Fumatery,  
Dodder,  
Spleenwort,  
Melt-wast,  
SCURVYGRASS,  
Brooklime, an. P. 2.    
The Roots of Polypod. ℥ ss. 

Black Hellebore, ʒvi.    
The Flowers of Water-lilies, 

Arabian Lavender,  
Rosemary an. P. 1.    
Senna Leaves without Stalks, ℥ i.ʒii.  
Of Anniseeds,  
Fennel Seeds, an. ʒi. ss.  
The purest crude Tartar, ℥ ss.  
Salt of Tartar, ʒi.    
Let them be cut and bruised, and make a Nodule with fine white linen according to Art.  
Title the purging Bag for one Can of Wine.  
OR  
There may be prescribed this Nodule.  
℞ Of 

The Herb SCURVYGRASS,  
Brooklime, ana. M. i  
Senna leaves without stalks, ℥ i ss.  
The Flowers of Cichory. P. two.  
The Roots of Polypod, 

of Black Hellebore, an. ℥ ss.  
of jalap, ʒvi.    
The Seeds of SCURVYGRASS 

of Anise, an. ʒi. ss.    
The best Cinnamon, ʒi.  
Pure white Tartar, ℥ ss.    
Being cut and bruised make a Nodule with fine white Linen, Title it the Purging Bag for one Can of Wine.   

CHAP. XI. Of the Water of Scurvygrass.  
THis water is made of the fresh Leaves of Scurvygrass artificially distilled in a Balneo Mariae, water being first poured upon them. 
t For lib ●0. Observ. 1. p. 300.  Forestus among distilled Liquors, highly commends the Water of Scurvygrass distilled in Sand: insomuch that they report, by the constant use of it, it will cause the black colour both of the whole body and the Thighs to vanish away. With this water, mixed with other things, variety of Potions may be made, and Powders, and other Antiscorbutic Medicines may be given in it. Compound Scurvygrass waters are described by several Authors, of which the Chief are these which follow:  
The Scorbutic water of 
u Quere cap. 7. Pha. mac.  Quercetanus.  
℞ Of 

The Bark of Cappers, 

of Tamarisk,  
of an Ash-Tree,    
Polypode Roots of the Oak an. ℥ two.  
The Herb SCURVYGRASS, 

Water-Cresses,    
The Tops of Balm, 

Agrimony,  
Meltwaste,  
Germander,  
Ground Pine, an. M. two.    
The Seeds of Fennel, 

Anise,  
Carduus benedict, an. ʒ 1. ss.    
The Flowers of Broom, 

Centaury the lesle,  
S. johnswort,  
Elder,  
Wild Time, ana. P. two.      
Let all be infused for three days in 

Fumatery Water,  
Whey, an. lb iii  
Strong White Wine, lb iv.  
Oxymel of Scylls, lb i    
Then strain it out hard, add to this Liquor 

Of the Trochises of Cappers, 

of Diolace, an. ʒvi.      
Afterwards distil it in Ashes to dryness: the dose is ℥ two. in the morning three hours before eating to be continued for several days together, according to the greatness of the Disease.  
The Scorbutic water of 
w Tob. Done in Dispensatorio ipsius, cap. 17. d. m. 132.  Tobias Doncrelius.  
℞ Of 

Strong and biting wild Radish roots, lb iv.  
Polypode of the Oak, ℥ i ss.  
The Bark of Capper roots, ℥ ss.  
Fennel Seeds, ℥ i  
Cardamons', ℥ two.  
Saffron, ʒi.    
Cut the Radish roots into thin round slices, but let the other things be so subtly powdered, and put them altogether into lb ss. of Rhenish Wine, let them stand in infusion in a warm place for eight days, the Vessel being shaken once or twice every day afterwards add 

Of the Waters of SCURVYGRASS, 

Brooklime,  
Water-Cresses, an. lb i. ss.  
True Ground-Pine,  
The Compound-Water  
of Fumatery, an. lb i    
Whey of Goat's milk, lb i. ss.    
Mix them and distil them in a B. M. with a gentle Fire.  
The Scorbutic Water of 
x Senn. l. 3. Med. Prac. part. 5. § 2, c. 6. pag. 621.  Sennertus described thus:  
℞ Of 

The Bark of Tamurisk, 

of an Ash Tree,    
Caper Roots,  
The Roots of Polypod. of the Oak,  
The Opening Roots, an. ℥ i  
Gentian, ʒvi.  
Ellecampaine,  
Wake Robin,  
Citron Peel, an. ℥ ss.  
Ground Pine,  
Germander,  
Carduus benedict. an. M. i  
Trochies of Wormwood, 

of Cappers, an. ℥ i    
Rocket Seeds, ℥ ss.   being bruised add to them 

Of strong wild Radish roots lb i. ss.  
Water Cresses,  
SCURVYGRASS.  
Brooklime,  
Fumatery, an. lb iii    
Mix them with the others, and when they are bruising, pour upon them, and let them infuse in it.  

Of Rhenish Wine,  
Of the Water of Dodder,  
Of Carduus Benedictus, an. q.s.   
Distil them.  
The Scorbutic Water of Dr. Michael Doringius described by Sennertus 
y Sen. lib. jam citat. ;  
℞ Of 

The Herb SCURVYGRASS, 

Water-Cresses,  
Brook-lime,  
Monywort,  
Celandine the lesser,  
Hawkweed, ana. M. i    
The Cordial Flowers, an. ʒ. i. 

Marigolds, ℥ ss.    
The Roots of Gentian ℥ i ss.  
Sweet smelling Garden Reed, ʒvi. 

Elecampain,  
Wake-Robin, an. ℥ ss.  
Dried Citron Peel,  
Dried Orange Peel, an. ʒiii.  
Trochise de Eupator or Agrimonyʒvi.    
The Seeds of Dodder ℥ ss. 

of SCURVYGRASS,  
of Water Cresses,  
of Anise,  
of Fennel, an. ʒii.      
Infuse them for three days in the waters 

Of Fumatery,  
Dodder,  
Carduus benedictus, an. lb iii  
Strong White Wine lb i  
Compound Balm Water, lb ss.    
According to Art distil it in Glass Vessels in a MB putting into the nose of the Alimbeck a Nodule, made with ʒ two. spec. Diambrae.  
Another Water of the same Authors in the aforesaid place 
z p. 622. .  
℞ Of 

The Herb SCURVYGRASS, 

Brooklime,  
Water Cresses,  
Fumatery,  
Vervain,  
Ground Pine, an. M. i    
The Flowers of Broom, 

St. john's Wort,  
borage,  
Eugloss, ana. M. ss.    
The Roots of Ellecampaine  
The great Celandine, an. ʒvi. 

Citron Peel, ℥ ss.    
Trochises of Rubarbʒv.  
Seeds of Dodder, 

Anise,  
Fennel, an, ℥ ss.  
Galingal, ʒvi.      
Infuse them three days in the waters 

Of Fumatery,  
Dodder,  
Carduus Benedictus,  
Strong White Wine,  
Malaga Sack, an. lb i. ss.    
Distil it according to Art in Glass Vessels, hanging in the Alimbeck a Nodule of Species Diambrae, ʒ two.  
Another water of Sennertus 
a Sen. p. 623.  in the same place.  
℞ Of 

The Roots of Viper's Grass, 

Sarsaparilla, an. ℥ two.    
The Bark of Tamarisk, 

of Ash tree, a. ℥ i ss.    
Fresh SCURVYGRASS, 

Water Cresses,  
Brooklime,  
Monywort,  
Maudlin,  
Ground Pine,  
Miltwaste,  
Germander,  
Balm, an. M. two.    
The Seeds of our Lady Thistle, 

Columbine,  
Carduus benedict. an. ℥ ss.  
Fennel, ℈ two.    
The Flowers of Broom, 

St. johnswort,  
Elder,  
Centaury the lesle, an. M. i      
Infuse them in Whey, Fumatery water, (or the water of Water Cresses) or White wine, ana. lb iv.  
Distil the Liquor in Ashes, give of it in a morning ℥ two.  
Another of the same Author in the same place.  
℞ Of 

SCURVYGRASS,  
Water Cresses,  
Brooklime, an. M. iv.  
Monywort,  
Wormwood,  
Fumatery,  
Scordium,  
Arsemart,  
Balm,  
Germander,  
Ground Pine, an. M. i  
Sarsaparilla,  
Guaiacum wood, a ℥ iii  
The distilled water of Water Cress Agrimony,  
White Wine, ana. q.s.    
Distil them.  
Another of the same Author in the same place.  
℞ Of 

Water Cresses,  
SCURVYGRASS, an. M. iii  
Wormwood,  
Stonecrop the lesser, an. M. two.  
The Roots of Wild Radishes cut into round and thin slices, lb iv.  
Scorzon. or Viper's grass roots, ℥ i  
The Bark of Capper Roots, 

of Tamarisk, an. ʒiii.    
Fennel Seeds, ʒvi.  
Grains of Paradise,  
Cardamons,  
Saffron, ana. ʒi.    
Pour upon them 

Of Rhenish Wine, lb xuj.  
The Distilled Water of Scurvygrass, 

of Fumatery, an. lb i    
Goat's Whey lb two.    
Let them stand in a warm Bath for a day, afterwards distil them, and give every day ℥ iii of this distilled Liquor.  
Another of the same Author in the same place.  
℞ Of 

SCURVYGRASS,  
Brooklime,  
Water Cresses,  
Arsemart,  
Monywort, an. M. i  
Germander,  
Ground Pine,  
Scordium, ana. M. ss.  
Roots of Elecompaine, 

of Fern,  
of Oris,  
of Assarabaca,  
of Viper's grass,  
of Sarsaparilla, an. ℥ i    
Bark of Tamarisk, 

Cappers,  
Ash Tree, an. ʒii.    
Flowers of Elder, 

borage, an. M. ss.    
juniper Berries bruised, ℥ iii  
Citron Peel,  
Cinnamon, an. ʒiii.  
Indian Spikenard,  
Saffron, an. ʒii.  
Seeds of Rochet, 

Nettles,  
Fennel, an. ʒi. ss.      
Pour upon them 

Of the Water of Bugloss, 

Balm,  
Water Cresses, an. iii par.    
juice of Lemons,  
Vinegar of Glove Gilly flower, 

of Elder, an. i. part.      
Digest them some days in a close Vessel, afterwards press out the juice, distil this expressed liquor in Balneo to the consistence of Soap; pour upon the Remaining part 

Of the distilled Water of Oxymel of Scyllles lb i  
Of White Wine, lb iii    
Digest them some days and distil it again.  
Another of the same Author in the same place 
b p. 649.  to mix with Wine, when you drink.  
℞ Of 

Fresh SCURVYGRASS, M. vi.  
Water Cresses,  
Heart's Tongue, an. M. two.  
Sarsaparilla, ℥ iii  
Raisins of the Sun bruised lb ss.  
juice of Brooklime lb ss. 

of Sorrel, lb iii      
Distil them in Balneo.  
Gregory Horstius 
c Greg. Horst. Observ. 26. p. 253.  describes such kind of Waters, of which sort this is one.  

Wild Radish Roots, lb i  
The Roots of Polypody, 

Liquorish, an. ℥ iii  
Cappers, ℥ i ss.    
The Herb Water Cresses, 

Bank or Winter Cresses,  
SCURVYGRASS, an. M. vi.  
Fumatery, M. iv.  
Bettony,  
Fluelling, an. M. two.    
Fennel Seeds, ℥ i ss.   
The best Tartar well washed and purified ℥ two. Put them into distilled Whey, let them stand in a warm place for eight days, then distil it in MB, the Dose is ℥ iv. every day, for eight days together.  
Another of the same Author in the same place 
d Observ. 35. p. 277. .  
℞ Of 

The Roots of wild Radish, lb i 

Cichory, lb ss.  
Polypody,  
Liquoris, an. ℥ iii    
The Herb SCURVYGRASS, 

Water Cresses,  
Bank or WinterCresses, an. M. viij.  
Betony.  
Fluelling, an. M. two.    
Fennel Seeds ℥ i ss.  
The best Tartar several times washed and made clean, ℥ two.    
Let all these be fresh and green, if possible; Infuse them in distilled Whey, for the space of eight days, then distil them in MB. Dose is ℥ iii with Syrup or juice of Fumatery, ℥ ss.  
The Antiscorbutic Water of Hadrianus 
e Hadrian. a Myn. in Armentorio Medico Chymico §. 19 p. 314.  a Mynscht.  
℞ Of 

The Roots of wild Radish cut in slices, lb i 

Polypody, ℥ two.  
Angelica,  
Masterwort,  
Ledoary, an. ℥ i ss.    
The shave of Guaiacum wood, 

of Sassafras,    
Sweet smelling Reed,  
Galingal the lesle, an. ℥ i  
Cardamons' the lesle,  
Saffron,  
Fennel Seed,  
The Bark of Cappers, 

of Tamarisk, an. ʒvi.      
Being cut and bruised, infuse them in lb i of Malaga Sack, for eight days, in a warm place, shaking the vessel once or twice every day, afterwards add 

Of the Waters of Water Cresses, 

SCURVYGRASS,  
The lesser Nettles,  
Stonecrop,  
The lesser Celandine,  
Monywort,  
Fumatery, an. lb i      
Mix them,  
And draw it off in MB by a Limbeck.  
The Compound Water of Matthaeus Martinius 
f Mat. Mart. in Tract. de Scorbuto. p. 681. .  
℞ Of 

The Leaves of Water Cresses, 

Winter Cresses, an. M. iv.  
Gout-ivy or Groundpine  
Arsmart,  
Balm, ana. Mi.  
Monywort,  
Wormwood,  
Scordium,  
Fumatery, an. M. i. ss.    
Fresh SCURVYGRASS, Mvi 

Brooklime, M. iii    
Sarsaparilla roots, ℥ two. ss.  
Shave of Guaiacum Wood, ℥ iii ss.  
The Seeds of Anise, 

Fennel, an. ʒii.    
The Waters of Winter Cresses, 

Agrimony,  
Wormwood,    
The best white Wine, a. q.s.    
Distil it according to Art.  
Another of the same Author in the same place.  
℞ Of 

Strong wild Radish Roots, lb iv.  
The Roots of Polypody of the Oak. ℥ i ss.  
The Bark of Capper Roots, ℥ ss.  
Fennel Seeds, ʒi.  
Cardamon, ʒii.  
Saffron, ʒi.  
Winter Cresses, M. iv.  
Wormwood,  
Scordium an. M. iii    
Cut the Radish Roots into thin slices, and let the rest be bruised, and put them altogether in Rhenish Wine lb xuj. Let them stand in a warm Bath for 8 days, in a convenient Vessel;  
After which add of 

The Water of SCURVYGRASS, 

Fumatery, an, lb i    
Goat's Whey, lb i. ss.    
Distil them all in MB.  
The Water for the Spleen of Dr. Baldasser Timaeus 
g p. 443.  of Guldenflee, which is to be found after his Medicinal Epistle.  
℞ Of 

Spleenwort,  
Tamarisk,  
Dodder,  
Fumatery,  
Maidenhair,  
Chervell,  
Wormwood,  
Wall Rue,  
Germander,  
Water Cresses,  
Scurvygrass,  
Brooklime,  
Steeled Wine (i e.) in which Steel hath been quenched.  
The Water of Balm, Fumatery, an. lb i    
Let them stand in digestion for a day and a night in MB, then distil them.  
Another of the same Author 
h Lib. 3. Cans. Medic. 33. pag. 164. .  
℞ Of 

The fresh Herbs of Brooklime, M. iii 

SCURVYGRASS,  
Water Cresses, an. M. two.  
Fumatery,  
Sorrell,  
Cichory, an. M. i    
New Citrons, Numb. iii or iv.    
Cut them and beaten them in a stone Mortar, pour upon them a sufficient quantity of Goat's Whey. Distil them.  
Aqua Polychresta Rolfincii against the Scurvy, and a sickly complexion, which is described by john ●●dov. Hanneman, in Prodromo Le●ici Medic. 
i Pag. 77, 78.   
℞ Of 

The Bark of Capper Roots, 

Tamarisk,  
Ash tree,    
The Roots of Cichory, 

Briony,  
Polypody,  
Swallow wort,  
Asparagus,  
Parsley,  
Viper's grass, an. ℥ iii  
China Roots,  
Sarsaparilla,  
Wild Time, a. ℥ iii    
The Leaves of Agrimony, 

Pontich Wormwood,  
Cent 〈…〉 lesser,  
Germander,  
SCURVYGRASS,  
Dodder,  
Fumatery,  
Hyssop,  
Balm,  
Water Cresses,  
Sage, an. M. two.    
The shave of Guaiacum wood, ℥ i 

of Sassafras,  
of Red Sanders, an. ℥ iii    
The seeds of Smallage, 

Parsley,  
Anise,  
Citron,  
Water Cresses, an. ℥ two.    
The Flowers of Elder, 

Broom,  
Water Lilies,  
Hops, an. M. iii      
All being dried and cut, steep them 3 days and nights in very good White Wine, a sufficient quantity; distil them in a Copper with an Alimbeck and Refrigeratory, save the first and second Spirit● by themselves, or of all these t●●ngs digested 6 days and nights, and then strained hard thorough a linen cloth, and the straining put into an earthen Body. Distil a Spirit, which keep by itself.  
The distilled Liquor of Sarsaparilla of the same Author, which is described by me in my Tract de varis 
k Cap. 13. pag. 236.236. .  
℞ 

The Roots of Sarsaparilla, ℥ two. 

China sliced, ℥ i  
Cichory,  
Scorzonera or Viper's grass, an. ℥ ss.  
Bark of Cappers,  
Tamarisk,  
Rhodium wood, a. ℥ ss.    
The fresh Leaves of 

the lesser Celandine,  
SCURVYGRASS,  
Brooklime,  
Fumatery,  
Maidenhair,  
Ground Pine, an. M. i      
Cut and bruise them, then pour upon them 

The Water of Cichory, 

Fumatery,  
Scurvygrass, an lb i. ss.      
Let them stand in a Bath for three days, then press out the Liquor into a glass Body, and distil it with a gentle fire of Ashes, till the ingredients are become a rotten slime.  
The distilled Liquors of Drawizius Tit. 5. 
l Par. 217.  of the Scorbutic Head Ache.  
℞ 

juice of borage, 

Bugloss, an. lb i    
The Herb SCURVYGRASS, 

Fumatery,  
Water Cresses,  
Housleek, an. M. i    
Spec. Diarrhodon Abbatis, ʒii.    
Distil it in MB, and reserve the distilled Liquor in a glass, whose Dose for one time is ℥ iii or from three to ℥ viij. To every Dose you may add a Dram of Cinnamon Water.   

CHAP. XII. Of the Spirit of SCURVYGRASS.  
OF all the Medicines which are made of SCURVYGRASS, there is none more efficacious, nor none more in use, than its Spirit; which by reason of its Volatile Salt, and Oil, with which it is impregnated, doth conveniently contain within itself the whole Scorbutic Power and Virtue, which is lodged in a large quantity of the Plant; and you may draw a burning Spirit from it as well as from wine. This Spirit is made either without Fermentation or with Fermentation. That which is made by Fermentation is commended by Sennertus 
m Sennert, l 3. Med Prac. part. 3. § 2. c. 6. p. 624. Lib 5. C. S. part. 3. § 2. c. 9 p. 343 , who writes, that the Artifice of preparing it consists in Digestion and Fermentation, and, says he obtained from johan. Buttnerus, an Apothecary of Gorlick, a Spirit of Scurvygrass (which he had prepared artificially by Fermentation and Distillation) which retained the smell and taste of the Plant, and was inflammable, like Spirit of Wine. Simon Paulus 
n Simm. Paul. Class. 3. p. 268.  in the Book often cited, proposeth this following way to prepare this Spirit.  
℞ Of fresh Scurvygrass as much as you please, bruise it in a marble Mortar, and being put into a convenient Vessel with water hardly warm, or which is better, sprinkled or moistened with its own raw juice in which a little yeast of Beer or Ale is dissolved, and slightly sprinkled with Salt. When it is well mixed together, set aside the Vessel, being exactly stopped with dough (which stopping is absolutely necessary, because of the fugitive nature of its volatile salt) into a Cellar; let it stand till it breathe forth a smell in●o the Air, like that which proceeds from fresh Scurvygrass bruised, which when you observe, distil it in MB. and you will have the Spirit of Scurvygrass.  
Rolfincius 
o Rolf lib 3. Chym. in A●t. form. reda●. p. 133.  about Fermentation, persuades that it should be done with Spirit of Wine by that means to save the Volatile Salt. But in his Second corollary in lib. 1. cit. loc. he says Fermentation doth not altogether destroy it, but excites and sends off a great part of it, insomuch that Spirit of Wine poured upon Scurvygrass and forgotten was found to be plainly sour, from which the most generous sulphurous Spirit was fled away. They which perform the distillation of Spirit of Scurvygrass, with Spirit of Corn, poured upon the fresh Herb, do get an excellent Spirit that way; of which sort is that which was conmunicated to me by Dr. Fehr, and as you may find in another place, heretofore I was wont to prepare it thus: viz. in Tract. de varis 
p Cap. 13. p. 117.  I have described it after this manner.  
℞ Fresh Scurvygrass, full of juice, whole and not bruised, as much as you please, pour upon it the Spirit of Wheat or Rye (not the rectified Spirit of Wine, which for the Reasons I have given in my aforesaid Tract, is not so convenient) to the one half of its quantity, and distil it in a Copper Body, pour this Spirit upon fresh Herbs, and so distil it, which repeat several times as before, then rectify it, and reserve it for use. Note, that the oftener the Spirit is drawn off of fresh herbs, it will be the stronger, and so will not need to be rectified. This Spirit is not only peculiarly advantageous against the Scurvy, but also is commended by many, in the weakness of the stomach, and in the Colic. One time I prescribed it to a certain Person of Quality, who was too gross and corpulent, who extolled it much, because by the use of it he became more active and nimble. The Dose of it may be from 10. to 20. or 30 drops in a convenient vehicle, viz. in Wine, Ale, Beer, Broth of Beef, or Chicken, Buttermilk, Whey, or any distilled Water, as also in Wormwood Wine; but it is best in Milk, for the Reasons which I have alleged in my Tract de varis 
q Cap. 12. p. 192. . You may also commodiously mix it with Tincture of Tartar, Spirit of Tartar, or with the opening Spirit of Penotus, with the essence of Steel, essence of Fumatery, the Bezoartick Tincture, Tincture of Treacle, the Anodine essence, Elixir Proprietatis, and according to a circumstances. If any desire a Compound Spirit of Scurvygrass, they may mix with it Sea Radish Roots, Brooklime, Water-Cresses, etc. and distil it according to Art. Of which sort is the simple Antiscorbutic Spirit of Dr. Michaelis.  
℞ 

The Herb Scurvygrass, 

Water Cresses,  
Brooklime,  
Dittander,    
The roots of Sea Radishes, 

Wake Robin, a. q.v.      
Being slightly cut and bruised pour upon them Spirit of Elder Berries made by Fermentation to the height of three fingers, digest them for three days in MB, with a gentle heat, the Vessel being well stopped, then distil them. If you add to this Penotus his opening Spirits it will then become the Compound Antiscorbutic Spirit of the said Author.  
Drawitz. Tit. 3. Of the Scorbutic Lakmung p. 153. commends this Spirit.  

℞ Strong Spirit of Tartas, lb i  
Spirit of Scurvygrass, ℥ iv.   
With which being mixed, moisten lb two. of Vitriol calcined to redness with a moderate Fire, digest them in a Bath for eight days, than distil it by a Retort, increasing the Fire by degrees, until with the other Spirits, the Spirit of Vitriol distil also. It may be given from ʒ ss. to ʒ i  
Dr. Deckers 
r Dr. Deck. in Barb. prac. l. 4. c. 3. p. 157.  in his Golden Notes upon Barbet commends this following Spirit.  
℞ 

The Bark of Ash Tree, 

Tamarisk,    
The Roots of Fraxinell, 

Cappers, an. ℥ i ss.  
Polypody of the Oak ℥ two  
Wild Radish, ℥ iii    
The Herb Scurvygrass, M, iv. 

Winter Cresses,  
Brooklime,  
Sorrel,  
Spleenwort, an. M. iii,    
Bay-berries,  
juniper berries, an. ʒvi.  
The Tops of the lesser Centaury, P. iv,  
Goose dung, ℥ i  
Seeds of Citron, 

Mustard,  
Cardnus Benedictus, an. ℥ ss.    
Cloves,  
Ginger,  
Cinnamon,  
Nutmegs, an. ℥ iii    
Being cut and bruised, digest them in warm Sand with lb viij. of White Wine and lb three of Brandy, for three day's time, then let them be distilled in Sand, by an Alimbeck.  
I have declared above, that you may mix the Spirit of Scurvygrass, with divers Elixirs, Tinctures, Essences, and other Spirits, as for example thus: 

℞ Elix, Proprietat. ʒiii.  
Spirit of Scurvigrass, ʒi.  
Sal Armoniac, ʒ ss.    
Mix it and put it in a Glass.  
Title it the Elixir against the Scurvy, twenty drops of it may be given,  
OR, 

℞ The sweet Essence of Steel, ʒiii.  
Spirit of Scurvygrass, ʒi.  
Sal Armoniac, ʒ ss.    
Mix them, and keep it in a Glass.  
Give of this Essence thirty drops.  
OR, 

℞ The Bezoartick Tincture, ʒii.  
Spirit of Scurvigrass▪ ʒi.    
Mix and keep it in a Glass.  
Call it the sweeting Tincture, of which 35 drops may be given.  
OR, 

℞ Essence of Wood, 

of Wormwood, an. ʒi. ss.    
Spirit of Scurvigrass ʒi.    
Mix it in a Glass.  
Call it the Essence good for the Scurvy, to be given to 40 drops.  
OR, 

℞ Penotus his opening Spirit,  
Spirit of Scurvygrass, an. ʒ two,    
Mix them in a Glass.  
Title it the Spirit good against the Scurvy, of which you may give 40 drops. OR, 

℞ Spirit of Tartarʒiii. 

of Scurvygrass, ʒ i      
Mix them in a Glass.  
Call it the Spirit good against the Scurvy, of which may be taken 30. drops.  
Drawiz. Tit. 7. Of the Scorbutic pains in the side or Pleurisy hath prescribed this Potion.  

℞ The Water of Corn Poppy,  
Dorncreilius his Antiscorbutic water, a. ℥ i  
Spirit of Nitre, ℈ i 

Tartar, ℈ ss.  
Scurvygrass, viij. Drops    
Syrup of Scabions, or else of wild Poppy, ʒvi.   
Mix them for a Potion:   

CHAP. XIII. Of the Volatile Salt of Scurvygrass.  
SInce the Salt is the chief part, by means of which, Scurvygrass is so prevalent in the Scurvy, according to the Philosopher's Axiom: Per quod quid est tale, illud est magis tale: That by which a thing is what it is, that thing is more such. There is therefore a necessity, that we treat of this Salt. And because of its volatility, but little of it can be gotten, it is sufficient that we use its Spirit, in which this Salt is hid and contained. This Salt is made (after the same manner that many others are, viz.) Let the thick leaves of Scurvygrass, and full of juice, be boiled a little while in water, and afterwards press out the juice, or which is better, if only the juice pressed out of the fresh gathered leaves be purified, and a little evaporated till it be somewhat thickened, and so set by, till of its own accord the Salt shoot in the juice. The chief efficacy of Scurvygrass (as hath been declared just now, and also above in the fifth Chapter) is from the volatile Salt. For experience teacheth, that there is a great penetrative virtue in volatile Salts, and therefore they are very effectual in many diseases; from whence many now a days refer the causes of all internal Diseases to an Acide, and an Alkaly Salt, and therefore they use almost no other Medicines, except such in which there doth abound a volatile Salt, which may drink up and mortify the other Salts. But these are in an error, both upon the account of the Cause and upon the account of the Cure, and seem to me to be like that Sect of Physicians called Methodists, which also reduced all particular Diseases to two general affections, that is, Astriction and Laxity, or being bound or loose, and reduced all their Practice in general to stopping or binding those that are loose, and to loosening or relaxing those that are shut up or bound. For to refer the Causes of all internal Diseases to the aforesaid Salts, is a great absurdity, as it may be made out by most sort of Diseases, if the intention of this Book would permit it. Neither truly, though some would have it so, can they establish this Doctrine, from Hippocrates in lib. de Prisca Medicina, for in the same piace, besides hot, cold, moist, and dry; he describes more forcible qualities of the humours, which he calls 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉, Powers, Strength or Virtues; he names 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉, that is, bitter, salt, sour, rough, or harsh, with which Faculties, that Salts are endowed no body doubts, but that also 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉, that is, sweet or insipid (or tasteless) and many others, which through their plenty and strength have different Faculties, are of the nature of Salts, no man will easily believe. Also their manner of cure offends against the rules of our great Master, for 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉: To warm much is dangerous, for all that is too much is an enemy to Nature, but that which is done by little and little, is safe: Especially, if any one pass from one extreme to another 
s Hyppocr. Aphor. 51. § 2. : And the opinion of Mesues is, That then we are to make use of strong Medicines, when weak ones will not prevail. But Medicines consisting of Volatile Salts, are hot in the third and fourth degree, and smell and taste strongly, which sort of Medicines do not only manifestly alter our bodies, but do it vehemently and not without trouble and hurt, nay most vehemently, and not without grievous hurt, and therefore are not to be often, and indifferently used in every distemper, as every young Student in Physic knows, and hath learned from the Institutions.  
Moreover the matter from which such sort of Medicines are prepared, are Blood, the Scull, Bones, and the Urine of Men, and the blood and horns of a Stag, Vipers, Serpents, Amber, etc. From these they prepare Essence. and Spirits, and sepaparate and collect their Volatile Salts from them according to Art, some of which are many times very hurtful, as for example is that which is made of Human blood, which for the most part is taken indifferently from any man that is let blood, and not only from young men, and exactly healthy, which those that prepare Medicines out of Human blood ought carefully to observe, for otherwise by reason of Diseasie Ferments lurking in the blood, they do more hurt than good. Nay Medicines of Human blood, though from healthy Persons, are suspected by Physicians, by reason that Philters, which are made of it tender men sottish, and Mad, and many times kill them. Insomuch that the blood taken from a red haired Man is poison, as 'tis commonly delivered by Authors. Vid. Zachut. Lusitan. lib. 1. de Medic. Princ. Hist. 23. p. 41. & Dr. Garmaen. lib. de Mirac. Mort. tit. 2. p▪ 24. Of which the example alleged▪ by the same Zachut, 
t Zachut lib. 3. Pra●. admire. Observ. 82.  of a Student, which, by drinking the blood of a red haired Man, became a perpetual Fool, is a sufficient proof.  
Moreover these Medicines are not only ungrateful to the taste, but stinking scented too, yet for all that, they are not only given at the mouth to be swallowed, but applied to the Nose to smell to, and yet by the mutual assent of all authentic Physicians, they are hurtful to the Head, Womb, and Nerves; unfriendly to the heart, and they cast down and weaken the Spirits, for as good smells do strengthen these, so ill ones do overthrow and weaken them, 
N. 84. p. 334.  for Helmont in Tract tria prim. princip. eorum Essent. de Morb. exer esse, jtstly asserts, Odores fortes & pertinaces superant Vires nostras & vix ab Archeo superantur atque digeruntur, adeòque importunè in nos agunt: i e. Strong and lasting Sents do overcome our strength (or Spirits) and are hardly digested and mastered, by the Archaeus or (vital Spirits) and therefore they act in us detestably. Also we are instructed by many examples, that thinking to recover those which were seized with the Falling Sickness, or with an Apoplexy by very stinking things, they have caused sounding Fits and Abortions, and Women subject to Fits of the Mother (to whom all other stinking things have proved advantageous) have been by these means promoted to eternal Life. Therefore Diseases arising from Choler and Fermentation, by exhibiting Volatile Salt are exasperated, because they increase the Fermentation and Ebullition, which another time shall be proved more at large. But this I cannot forbear to mention, That not long since, I cured a man, who was sick of a Tertian Ague, who immediately after having took of a certain Volatile Salt, felt an extreme heat, and trouble in his stomach, and tongue, insomuch that his tongue was inflamed and swelled with great danger of being choked, and also there issued forth of his mouth, a thick hot matter, like melted Pitch, without doubt stirred up by the volatile Salt working upon the Choler, and Salt in his Stomaek, and increasing its Ebullition, which will easily appear from hence, for that the Sick man, being near unto death, by my exhibiting to him a precipitating Powder, he found great Relief, and God be praised was happily recovered. From whence it clearly appears to all Men, that those Physicians which give volatile Salt indifferently, and 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉, or without Rule to their Patients do not cure either citò, speedily, (unless by hastening death) neither tutò, safely, much lesle jucundè pleasantly, which nevertheless in 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉, or the Curative part of Diseases is absolutely to be observed. But this I grant that in stubborn Diseases, such as the Dropsy, Gout, Hypocondriack, Affection, Scurvy, etc. in which a Wild Salt abounds, that by the benefit of those sort of Medicines, prepared from innocent and gentle substances, regard being had to circumstances, they may the sooner obtain their end, which I myself by such sort of Medicines, but not dangerous nor so stinking, mixed with other Balsamic things, in a proper dose and convenient Vehicle have experienced often, in those sort of Diseases, other Remedies proving ineffectual. (For I have besides many other a singular Medicine of a certain volatile Salt, prepared for use, after a peculiar way, which is not so ungrateful, and yet is of eminent virtue, and therefore worthily deserves to be named Sal Mirabilis, or the Wonderful Salt, and then rightly according to Hippocrates Aphorismum sextum, Sect. 1. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉. Against extreme Diseases, extreme and exquisite remedies are best. And it is convenient according to the advice of Celsus 
w Cells lib 2. cap 9 pag. 66.  Anceps auxilium experiri, quam nullum: that is, to try a dangerous Remedy rather than none at all.   

CHAP. XIV. Of Oil of Scurvygrass.  
THere are commonly three kinds of Oils in the Shops: Those that are made by Distilling, by Pressing, and by Infusion▪ to which also may be referred those made by boiling. They prepare an Oil from Scurvygrass by Infusion and Distillation, and that in a twofold manner. And first the Leaves of Scurvygrass are employed either dry or green. The Oil cannot be made of dry Scurvygrass because its volatile Salt is gone, therefore the green aught to be taken which being cut and put into Oil of Olives, mixed with scurvygrass Water, may be boiled till the watery moisture be exhaled. The other is gotten in the Distillation of Spirit of Scurvygrass, chiefly if the Leavs be thick, and full of juice, and it hath the same virtues with the Spirit, but more eminently, and therefore its Dose given in a convenient vehicle must not exceed four or five Drops, For all distilled Oils are very hot, and for that cause are to be used with great caution, but if they be turned into a volatile salt, they are not so hot, and are useful in great Diseases. So distilled Oil of Cinnamon as Helmont 
x Helm. N. 84. p. 334.  witnesseth in the before cited place. When it shall be mixed with its Alkaly or fixed Salt, without any water, by an Artificial and secret Circulation, in the space of three months, the whole will be changed into a volatile Salt. Many digest any kind of Distilled Oil with rectified Spirit of Wine, by which the Oil is drank in and united, and appears under the form of a spirit. Those distilled Oils (such for example that smell well, for stinking Odours are enemies to our nature, as is declared in the Chapter before) thus prepared and methodically exhibited, do become most efficacious Remedies in Diseases proceeding from Cold, and want of Spirits, for they quickly by reason of the exceeding subtlety of their 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉, or Effluviums are diffused through all parts of an human Body, and refresh our Spirits with their fragrant scent, and do recreate and restore lost strength, which Experiment we see daily in swoundings.  
I am well acquainted with a Practitioner in Physic, which having given such a prepared Oil, to the quantity of two drops in Spirit of Roses scented with Amber, he did as it were Wonders, or Miracles with it. With this Distilled Oil of Scurvygrass, the Magistery is made, or rather an Eleosaccharum, or Oily sugar of Scurvygrass, of which shall be treated below in the Twentieth Chapter. It is also sprinkled upon Powders, and added to Pills, thus 
Timaeus lib. 3 Cas. med 33 p. 162. : 

℞ The Powder of jalap coloured with Essence of Saffron ℈ i  
Magistery of Agarick, Gr. seven.  
Distilled Oil of SCURVY GRASS, Gut. iii   mix them and make a purging Powder.  

℞ Quercetans Melanagogick Pills, ℈ i  
Extract of black Hellebore, Gr. seven.  
Distilled Oil of SCURVYGRASS Gut. iii   
Mix them with Antiscorbutic water, and make 9 Pills.  
This distilled Oil of Scurvygrass is also used outwardly, as is its Oil by Infusion, as it will appear beneath in the one and twentieth Chapter.   

CHAP. XV. Of Conserve of SCURVYGRASS.  
Conserveses are so called because by the mixing of Sugar with them they are conserved from Corruption, for the most part those things that are made into Conserves, are Flowers, seldom Herbs, seldomer Roots, but very rarely Fruits.  
Conserves of Scurvygrass are made of the Leavs chop't, and cut small, and beaten in a stone mortar, with a wooden Pestle, by degrees mixing Sugar double or treble the proportion of the Herbs. This (according to the judgement of Dr. Simon Paulus in his Book often mentioned before) is given with much advantage to those, which are subject to the affliction of the Scurvy, and loath their meat. It is commended (by Dr. Blumentrost 
* Blumen. Pharmac dymet & partat. c. 27. p. 76, 77. ) in Obstructions of the Liver and Spleen, also in the Stone. He also commends it to those, who are weak at the act of Venery, but because it moves the Courses, it is to be used cautiously by those that are with Child, neither is it convenient for choleric persons, because of the Sugar, except perhaps it be taken with Whey of Goats Milk. The Dose is ℥ ss. or the quantity of a Walnut, by itself, or mixed with other Conserves, Species, Powders, or Essences. If it be dissolved in the water of Carduus Benedictus, Scorzonera, etc. mixed with other Sudorificks, it procureth sweated. Sennertus 
a Senn. l. 5. Med. Prac. part. 2. ss. 2. c. 9 pag. 342.343.  prescribes this following Medicine made with Conserve of Scurvygrass mixed with other things.  

℞ The Scorbutic Water described above in the 11 Chapter, ℥ iv.  
The Waters of Scurvygrass, 

Brooklime. an. ℥ i    
Conserves of Scurvygrass, ℥ i ss. 

Betony, ℥ ss.     
Let them stand for a night, strain them in the morning, and add of  
℞ Of 

Vitriolated Tartar, or of  
Mistura simplex, ʒ ss. Mix them.  
The Liquor called the simple Mixture, ℥ i. ss.  
Robe (or the thickened juice) of juniper,  
Berries, ℥ two.  
Extract of Calamus Aromaticus, that is sweet smelling Reed, ℈ i  
Saffron, ℈ ss.  
Conserves of Scurvygrass, ℥ iii 

Fumatery,  
Sorrel, an. ℥ i ss.    
Fresh juice of Citrons, ℥ iv.  
The Scorbutic Water, ℥ vi.  
The water of Scurvygrass, ℥ iv. 

Cinnamon ℥ ss.      
Let them stand in digestion, afterwards strain them. Also this,  
℞ 

Wormwood, P. iii  
Conserve of Scurvygrass, ℥ iii  
Fresh Water Cresses bruised, M. i  
Dried Citron Peel, ℥ vi.    
Pour upon them of Rhenish Wine, lb 4. Let it stand in a Glass some days, afterwards pour out what is clear.  
Grembs 
b Grembs l. 2. Arbour, integr. & Ruinos. homin. c. 1. ss, 4. p. 197.  hath these following Morsules.  
℞ 

Conserves of Scurvygrass, ℥ i ss. 

borage,  
Bugloss,  
Roses, an. ʒii.    
Magistery (that is) Rosin of jalap, ʒ ss.  
Preserved Citron Peel, ℥ iii  
White Sugar dissolved in Scorzonera Water, as much as is sufficient to make Morsules, that is Tablets or Lozenges.    
Bald, Timaeus 
c Bald. Tim. lib. 3 Cas. Med. 33. p. 163.  à Guldenflee prescribes this Bolus.  

Conserve of Scurvygrass, 

Fumatery, an. ʒi.    
Confectio Alkermes ℈ i  
Resin of jalap, gr. ix:   
Mix them make a Bolus, sprinkle, or strew it over with Sugar.   

CHAP. XVI. Of SCURVYGRASS Syrup.  
SOme say that SYRUP is a Greek word, and appears to them to be so called, as if it were 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉, Syriae succus, Others derive it from 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉, traho, and 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉, succus, that is, extracted juice: but many because Syrups were invented by the Arabian Physicians, and the name of it not mentioned either by Hippocrates nor Galen, had rather derive the word Syrup from the Arabic word Schaereba (that is) Sorbere, as if they should say a Liquor to be supped up, and suppose this word is to be writ with an i, not with a y, which letter the Arabians have not. The latter Grecians, as Actuarius, &c▪ call it Serapium.  
A Syrup is the form of a fluid Medicine, made with Sugar, or Honey, with the Decoction, Juice of, or Infusion of things, and boiled to that consistence or substance, that a drop being put upon Marble will stand, and not flow abroad.  
So Syrup of Scurvygrass is made of the purified juice, after the manner prescribed by Sennertus 
Senn. l. 3. Med. Prac. part. 5 ss. 2. c. 6. pag. 625. . If you boil one pound of its juice, with ℥ iii of Sugar, and by the help of the heat of a Bath, (or boiling water) bring it to the consistence of a liquid Syrup. The Dose of which is from ℥ i to ℥ two. Almost after the same manner Forestus his Syrupus scaeletyrbicus is made, described by Sennertus 
e Senn p 619.  in the forecited place, and by Forestus 
f For. lib. 20. Observ. 11. .  
℞ 

juice of Scurvigrass, 

Brooklime, an. lb iii    
The best Sugar, lb two.    
Boil them together, and according to Art make a Syrup.  
Bald. Timaeus 
g Bald. Tim. i Ep. Med. 16. p 41.  à Guldenflee hath this Syrup following.  
℞ 

juice of Scurvygrass, lb i. ss. 

Citrons, ℥ iii  
Sorrel, ℥ two.  
Balm ℥ i      
After its dregss are settled filther it, thorough a spongy whited brown paper, and add 

Water of Black Cherries, lb i. ss. 

Cinnamon waterʒiii.    
julep of Roses, ℥ i ss.  
White Refined Sugar, as much as is sufficient to procure a pleasant taste to it, keep it in a Glass, and Title it the Syrup of Scurvygrass.    
There are more compound Syrups of Scurvygrass, among which are these following.  
The Compound Syrup of Scurvygrass much used at Wratislaw, and heretofore prescribed by Dr. Casper Packischius Physician in ordinary to that Commonwealth, which Sennertus 
h Sen. l 3. Med. Pract. part. 5. ss. 2. c. 6. p. 619, 620.  describes thus, 

℞ The Herbs Scurvygrass. 

Water Cresses,  
Agrimony,  
Water-Minth,  
Spleenwort,  
Moon Fern,  
Sage,  
Maidenhair,  
Germander,  
Horehound,  
Fumatery,  
Speedwell or Fluellin,  
Five leaved Grass, or Cinque foil,    
The Leaves of Dwarf Elder, an. M. i Seeds of Fennel, 

Water Cresses,  
Smallage,  
Parsley,  
Aniseeds,    
The Pulp of the seeds of Butcher's Broom Asparagus, an. ʒi. 

Melons, ʒii.    
The Roots of Fern, 

Oenanthe,  
Asparagus,  
Pimpernel,  
borage,  
Bugloss,  
Polypody,  
Colt's foot,  
Liquoris,  
Taraxicon, or Lion's Tooth    
The Bark of Capper Roots, an. ʒi. ss.  
The Flowers of Liverwort, 

borage, an. M. ss.      
Make a Decoction of all these according to Art, in a sufficient quantity of the water of Water-cresses, till there remain forty ounces of it.  
Let it stand in digestion till it be cold, press it out strongly to the straining, add lb two. of course Sugar, boil it with a gentle fire to the thickness of a Syrup, clarify it, and aromatize it with this following Nodule, 

℞ Powder of Rhubarb, ʒiii. 

Cinnamon, ʒi.  
Cloves,  
Mace, an. ℈ two.      
The Antiscorbutic Syrup of Dr. Bald. Timaeus, which he hath described after Cases Medicinal, pag. 418.  

℞ The new pressed juice of Scurvygrass, 

Water Cresses,  
Brooklime,  
Cichory,  
Fumatery,  
Sorrel, an. lb i. ss.     
Being mixed precipitate them, or clarify them with lb two. of Juice of Citron.  
Add to the straining 

The yellow part of Citron peel, ℥ i ss.  
White refined Sugar, lb two.    
Put them into a glass Body, with a blind head, and digest them for a day and a night in a MB, and save the strained liquor in a Glass.  
The Antiscorbutic Syrup of Mynsicht 
i Myns. in Armament. Medico Ph▪ sico. § 16. p. 261. .  

℞ Of the juice of Knut-berries of Norway, lb iii 

of Water-Cresses,  
Brooklime,  
Sorrel,  
Scurvygrass, an. lb ss.     
To these being mixed, add of Refined Sugar lb i. ss. and make a Syrup of due thickness.  
The Syrup of Mathias Martinius 
k Matth Mart. in Tract. de Scorbuto, p M. 673.   

℞ Corinthian Currant well moistened with Syrup of the juice of Sorrel, ℥ i ss.  
Roots of Polypody, 

Smallage,  
Scorzonera,  
Liquoris,  
Sour Sorrel, or Ditch Dock,  
Eryngo,  
Enala Campain,    
The Bark of Capper Roots, 

Tamarisk, an. ℥ ss.    
The Seeds of Melon, ʒiii. 

Nettle,  
Anise-seed, an. ʒi. ss.    
juniper Berries, ʒiii.  
The Leaves of Dodder, 

Maidenhair,  
Monywort,  
Spleenwort,  
Scurvygrass, an. M. i  
Wild Time,  
Time, a. M. ss.    
The Flowers of Bugloss, 

Violets, an. P. i. ss.    
Cinnamon, ʒi.   
Boil them in common Water, or Goat's Whey, as much as is sufficient, in a double vessel, or MB. Add to a lb i. ss. of the straining of these, as much Sugar Candy, as is sufficient, and let them be boiled to the consistences of a thin Syrup.  
Wierus his Syrup for Children to be found in the same Author. 
Matth. Mart. p. 683.   

℞ Rhubarb,  
Centaury the leesser, Pontus' Rhubarb, an. ʒ ss.  
Aniseeds,  
Liquoris, an. ℈ two.   
Make a Powder and infuse it for a night in the thick broth of Pruens and Scurvygrass, afterwards being pressed out with as much Sugar as is needful, make it into a Syrup.   

CHAP. XVII. Of the Electuary and Mixture of Scurvygrass.  
ELectuary is a word derived from the Greek, but corrupted, 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉, i e. to waste with licking; for an Electuary is a Medicine of a Substance thicker than a Syrup, hardly liquid or fluid, composed of several things, as first of Conserves, Preserves, Powder, etc. Taken in and mixed with Hony or Sugar. Many times they add distilled Waters, Spirits, Essences, Extracts, distilled Oils, etc. and these are called Mixtures. Examples of which are these that follow, 

℞ Conserve of Scurvygrass, ʒii. 

Germander,  
Sorrel,  
Cichory,    
Preserved Elecampane Roots, an. ℥ ss.    
With the sharp Syrup of Citrons, and Endive, make an Electuary  
OR, 

Jupit; Conserve of Fumatery, 

Scurvygrass, an. ℥ i  
Wormwood,  
borage,    
Preserved Roots of Pimpernel, 

Cichory, an. ℥ ss.    
The Species called Diarrhodon Abbatis, 

Diapliris-arcontic, an. ʒ ss.      
With the sour Syrup of Citron make an Electuary.  
OR,  
℞ 

Conserve of Scurvygrass, ℥ iii 

Fumatery,    
Of the Flowers of Broom, 

borage,  
Balm, an. ℥ i ss.    
Candid Citron Peel,  
Preserved Nutmegs, an. ℥ i  
Extract of juniper Berries, ʒii.  
Confectio Alkermes, ʒi.    
With Syrup of Scurvygrass, or the sceleterbick Syrup of Forestus, make an Electuary.  
These hitherto are taken out of Sennertus 
m Sen. lib. 3. Med. Pract. part. 5 § 2 cap. 6. p. 628 etc. ●  where also this following Mixture is described.  
℞ 

The Compound Spirit of Tartar or  
Mixture Simplex ℥ two.  
Extract of juniper Berries, 

Pimpernel.  
Calamus Aromaticus, an. ʒ ss.    
Saffron ℈ ss.  
The Essence Spirit, or for want of that, the juice or Syrup of SCURVYGRASS, 

Water Cresses, an. ʒii.    
Syrup of Cinnamon, ℥ ss. 

Fumatery.  
Sharp Citrons, an. ℥ i      
Mix them all exactly, digest them, and strain it out, the Dose is from ʒ i to ʒ two.  
Another.  

℞ Conserve of SCURVYGRASS. 

Fumatery, an. ℥ i    
The Rob, or thickened juice of 

Elecampane.  
juniper Berries.  
Fumatery, an. ʒi.    
Mixtura Simplex, ʒ ss.  
Spirit of Scurvygrass, ʒi.  
Steeled Tartar, ʒii.  
Purified Salt Armoniac, ℈ i ss.   
With Syrup of Scurvygrass make a Mixture.  
Matth. Martinius his Electuary, P. M. 674.  
℞ 

The Conserve of the Flowers and Buds of Scurvygrass, ℥ iii  
The Flowers of Bugloss, 

Clove Gillyflowers,  
Damisk Roses, an. ℥ i ss.    
Preserved Indian Nuts,  
Preserved Citron Peel, cut small, a. ℥ i  
Extract of juniper Berries, ℥ iii  
Confectio Alkermes, ʒi. ss.  
Syrup of Cinnamon, ʒvi.  
juice of Scurvygrass, or Forestus his sceleterbick Syrup, q.s.    
Make an Electuary, and make it pleasantly sour by mixing with it▪ a sufficient quantity of the sharp Spirit of Sulphur.  
Another of the same Author.  
℞ 

Conserve of Scurvygrass leavs ℥ iii 

Bugloss Flowers,  
Clove Gilly Flowers,    
Pulp of Preserved Citron,  
Preserved Indian Nuts, an. ℥ i  
Extract of juniper Berries, ℥ ss. 

Rhodium Wood,  
Sarsaparilla, an. ʒ ss.    
Calamus Aromaticus,  
Confectio Alkermes, an. ʒi.    
With the sceleterbick Syrup, bring them all into the consistence of a solid Electuary.  
The tincture of johannes Wernerus, which the same Matth. Martin. hath discovered, P. M. 685. which by reason of its thick consistence rather deserves the name of an Electuary, and therefore is referred to this Classis, and is this which followeth.  
℞ Of the best Spirit of Wine, q.s.  
In which steep, (being first put into a Glass body in a convenient place) 

Guaiacum wood rasped, ℥ ix.  
Fern Roots, ℥ iii  
The inner Bark of an Ash-tree, 

Dwarf Elder,  
Cappers, an. ℥ i    
Anis-seeds, ℥ i ss.    
When the Spirit of Wine hath filled itself with the Tincture of the ingredients, after nine days strain it out strongly.  
OR,  
℞ 

Whey of Goat's Milk,  
The distilled waters of Borstast Apples.  
Oxymel of Scylls, or Sea Onions, an. q.s.  
In which infuse, Of the Leaves or Tops of Pontic. 

Wormwood  
Agrimony,  
Germander  
Ivy,  
Rue,  
Elder Flowers, an. M. ss.    
The lesser Housleek, 

Water Cresses,  
Fumatery,  
Brooklime,    
Hyssop,  
Scordium, an. M. i  
Scurvygrass, M. two.    
When you have macerated these for two days, and pressed it out, let both the tinctures be joined, being thickened by a gentle fire, add to them  
Species Diacurcum: (that is, the compound powder of Turmarick Roots) ℥ ss.  
The same Author hath also these following,  
℞ 

The thickened juice of Scurvygrass, ℥ two.  
Salt of Scurvygrass, ʒ two.  
The hypocondriac Mixture, ℥ i ss.  
The Extract of Sassafrass wood, ʒiii. 

of juniper Berries, ℥ ss.    
Essence of Bawm, ℥ i  
Dissolved Coral, ʒ i   Mix them.  
OR,  
℞ 

Essence of Scurvygrass, 

Water Cresses,  
Orange Peel, an. ℥ iv.    
The solution of Vitriol of Steel, ℥ ss.  
Pearls,  
Leaf Gold, an. ℈ i  
Rectified Spirit of Vitriol, 

of Heart's Horn, an. ʒii.    
Spirit of Salt, ʒi.  
Tincture of Steel, ʒvi.  
Syrup of Cinnamon,  
Sharp Syrup of Citron, an. ℥ ss.    
Make a mixture.  
OR,  
℞ 

The Camphorated Spirit, or Water of Theriacle, ℥ v.  
Rectified Spirit of Tartar, ℥ iii  
Rectified Spirit of Vitriol. ℥ i ss.  
The Extract of juniper Berries, 

balm,  
Scurvygrass,  
Scordium,  
Yellow Sanders,  
Bugloss Flowers, an. ʒii.    
Cinnamon, ʒi.  
Syrup of the juice of Cherries with the Flowers of Clove Gilly flowers, 

of Scurvygrass,  
of Spleenwort, an. ℥ iii      
Bald. Timaeus 
c Bald. Tim. lib. 3 Cas. Med. 33. p. 164.  à Guldenflee prescribes these.  
℞ 

New Citrons together with their Peels cut small, number iii  
The Leaves of Fresh Scurvygrass, 

of Water Cresses, M. two.  
Woodsorrel, M. i      
Let them be beaten in a Stone Mortar with a little Sugar.  
Make an Electuary.  
OR,  
℞ 

The Steel Electuary, ℥ iii  
Conserve of Scurvygrass, 

Water Cresses, an. ℥ two.    
Preserved Citron Peel, 

Roots of Scorzonera, Cichory▪ an. ʒvi.    
With Syrup of Scurvygrass, q.s.    
Make an Electuary.  
Drawiz. Tit. 5. of the Scorbutic Headache, p. 213. hath this  
℞ 

Conserve of Scurvygrass, ℥ i 

Water Cresses,  
borage,  
Roses,  
Violets,  
Fumatery,    
Candid Citron Peel, an. ℥ ss.  
Spec. Diarrhoid. Abbatis,  
Laetificant. Almansor, an. ℈ i  
With the sharp syrup of Citrons, q.s.    
Make a Condite or Electuary.  
The Antiscorbutic Electuary of Dr. Hanneman 
o in Prodomo Lexici med. p. 679. .  
℞ 

The Conserve of SCURVYGRASS 

Sage, an. ℥ two.    
The Flowers of Broom. 

Elder.  
Cichory.  
borage, an. ℥ i  
Germander  
Ground Pine an. ℥ i ss.    
Candid Citron Peel, ℥ two. ss.  
Species Diarrhod. Abbatis, pliris. Archontic. an. ʒv.  
Timaeus his Antiscorbutic Syrup. S. q.    
Make an Electuary.  
Or you may prescribe this,  
℞ 

Conserve of SCURVYGRASS ℥ two. 

Fumatery, ℥ i    
Candid Citron, ℥ ss.  
My Digestive against the Scurvy, ʒiii▪  
Ivory calcined without fire, ʒi.  
With Forestus his Syrup against the Scurvy, q.s.    
Make an Electuary  
I do admonish you concerning these and the like Medicines made with Sugar (which I have also done before in my Tract de varis 
p cap 8. p. 93. c. 12, p. 189,  or of the wandering Scorbutic Gout.) That they ought to be seldom, or sparingly used in the Scurvy, because by their glutinous nature they breed Obstructions of the Bowels, and are easily converted into choler, and cause tumors of the the Spleen: and are therefore hurtful for Spleenitick Persons according to that old saying: 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉▪ (i e.) salt and bitter things are profitable to spleenitick persons, but sweet things hurt them. Nay it appears by Chemical Trials, that Sugar is made up of, or contains a sharp and corrosive salt. For which cause the old Electuaries, of which sort there are many in the Apothecary's Shops, now a days are seldom prescribed or used. I therefore wonder that they are yet brought from Spain, and other places afar off, where by the by, they are not so excellent Practical Physicians, as in Germany (and England) to whom also Nature was never so unkind, that she did ever deny them her Remedies, with which the Diseases of the Inhabitants might be overcome.   

CHAP. XIV. Of the Essence of Scurvygrass.  
ESsence and Elixir are one and the same, as the Reason of the name doth show, for Elixir is derived from the Arabic Elecshir or Elieschir, which signifies an Essence extracted by Art. Also an Extract and a Tincture, differ little from these, and an Extract only upon the account of its substance which is thicker than an Essence, and Elixir, a Tincture hath the same body, and consistence with an Essence and Elixir, but is endowed with a better colour. These four are prepared after one and the same manner, when for example, by the help of some convenient Menstruum or Liquor the Balsamic and best parts of a Medicine, are separated from the gross and foul.  
The Essence of Scurvygrass is made thus, The dried leavs being cut very small, pour upon them Spirit of Wine, and let them stand in digestion, till it hath extracted the colour and taste, after which filther it; or macerate or steep the leaves of Scurvygrass in the best Spirit of Wine, till it hath imbibed the Tincture, than throw away the leaves and add new ones, repeat this infusion so long, until the Spirit be filled with the Essence of Scurvygrass.  
But certainly since the volatile Salt of Scurvygrass is lost in drying the leaves, and in extracting it with Spirit of Wine, it joins itself thereto, and is separated with it, and so flies away, there is there fore left a Body of little efficacy. Sennertus 
q Senn. l. 3. Med. Pract. part: 5. §. 2. c 6. p 616. & in Tract. de Cons & Diss. Chym. cum Aristot. & Galen. c. 19 p 401.  rightly admonisheth, that it is not fit to make extracts of Scurvygrass, and other Antiscorbutics, and therefore it is sufficient to exhibit their Juices. The same Sennertus in the same place, p. 625. and Matth. Martinus, p. 682. teach how to make the Essence of Scurvygrass, after this manner:  
Let the juice of Scurvygrass pressed out be put in digestion in MB, till its thick sediment fall to the bottom, and the remaining juice begin to grow clear and reddish; then pour off that which is clear from the dregss, and digest it again, till it let fall no more dregss. Simon Paulus in the place often mentioned before, p. 265. in favour of nice Palates, which loath the crude juice, or Infusion of green Scurvygrass leaves, or for fear lest the crude juice should hurt the Stomach, and other Bowels designed for Nutrition, tells us how to make a liquid Essence or Tincture of the Colour of Chio, or Malago Wine, it must be done in the Month of May, or before it be got into Flower, heretofore he prepared it for the use of the Eminently Free and Imperial Town and State of Lubeck, where he exercised the practice of Physic for four years, the description of which he communicated to the same place, which is this:  
℞ Of the leaves of Scurvygrass, stamp them, and with a strong Press squeeze out their juice; let it clarify itself in a Glass, or other Vessel well stopped, by the help of the gentle heat of warm water, and then filther it through spongy whited brown paper. Of this Juice thus artificially clarified, to three parts of it, pour one part of the Spirit of Scurvygrass before described in the twelfth Chapter of this Book; digest, or circulate them according to Art, to which if you add a little Sugar, it is then the Essence of Scurvygrass, which (as he declares in the same place) he found most excellent and efficacious in Scorbutic Diseases, in which case an ounce or two of it is to be dilated with some convenient distilled water, or else in Rhenish Wine, or the like Vehicle; but especially if there be mixed with it a few drops, or the quantity of a scruple for a dose of the mixture called, Mixtura Simplex, or Mixtura Diaphoretica in peracutis. From this threefold Febrifick Essence mixed together in equal parts, is made the liquid Essence, and Antiscorbutic Tincture of the same Author described in the same place, p. 269.  
Moreover, there are are other liquid Essences, Tinctures, and Mixtures composed of Scurvygrass. As,  
The Mixture of Dr. Glantius, Physician in Ordinary to the Emperor, which you may find in my Tract de Varis, cap. 13. p. 235.  
℞ 

Fumatery,  
SCURVYGRASS,  
Germander,  
Wormwood, an. M. iii  
Orange Peel,  
Spec. diapliris archonticon an. ʒ. vi.    
Digest them with Spirit of Elder and Scurvygrass, ana. q.s. to the of their Tincture; let them be strongly pressed out, and put of the former Herbs and Powders into the straining, and do this three or four times, and at last being clarified by settling, add, 

Of Spirit of Fern, 

SCURVYGRASS, an. ℥ iii ss.    
Tincture of Tartar, ʒix. Mix them.  
The Dose is from 12 drops to 20.    
The Mixture of Dr. john Nichol. Finckius, which is extant in my forecited Tract in the same place, p. 236. and is this:  
℞ 

Rectified Spirit of Tartar, ℥ two. ss. 

Vitriol, ℥ i ss.  
SCURVYGRASS, ℥ two.    
Tincture of Steel, ℥ i  
Red Sanders, q.s.    
Digest them till it be a Tincture: The Dose is from 20 to 30 drops in a convenient Vehicle.  
The Mixture of Hannemannus, which he describes in Prodromo Lexici Medici, p. 677.  
℞ 

Spirit of SCURVYGRASS, ʒii. 

Carduus Benedictus, ʒi.  
Deers Blood, ℈ iii    
The Aromatic Tincture, ʒi. ss. mix them.    
The Dose is ʒi.  
The Antiscorbutic mixture of Reinesius, which he describes in his Epistles, p. 4.  
℞ 

Rob, or the thick juice of juniper, Berriesʒvi  
Confection of Alkermes, ʒi. ss.  
Essence of Scurvygrass, 

Wormwood, an. ʒvi.  
Baum, ʒii.  
Sassafras Wood, ʒi.    
Of Antiscorbutic Water, ℥ i ss.  
Of Aqua Carbunculi, ʒi. ss.    
Digest them a little while, afterwards strain them out, and mix with the straining of the mixture of the three Spirits, ʒiii. The Juice pressed out of the Conserve of SCURVYGRASS, and Clarified ℥ two. ss.  

Syrup of Cinnamon, ℥ i  
Calamus Aromaticus, ℥ ss. mix them.   
The Mixture of Dr. Bald. Timaeus 
r Bald. Tim. lib. 3. Cas. 34. p. 164.  of Guldenflee.  

The simple Mixture,  
Spirit of SCURVYGRASS, 

Water Cresses,  
juniper Berries, an. ℥ ss. mix them.    
The Dose is from ℈ i to ℈ two.   
The Essence of Scurvygrass described by Hartman in his Prax. Chymiatrica, p. 214. is much commended.   

CHAP. XIX. Of the juice of Scurvygrass.  
THis juice is to be squeezed forth with a Press, either by itself, or by pouring Milk, Whey, or Wine upon the Herb; and that it may not be very offensive to the stomach, you may add a little Sugar, Cinnamon, Aniseed, Ginger, or Cinnamon Water. Simon Paulus in the often cited place, p. 268. Also Henry Brucaeus would rather that this Juice should be used by itself, and unmixed, or diluted with any thing; and doth write, that he himself hath experimented, that the unmixed Juice given by itself to sick people, their Bodies being first purged, it hath proved exceeding beneficial to the poorer sort of Scorbutic people: and that Scurvygrass, whose power is supposed chiefly to consist in a volatile Salt, cannot be exhibited in a more convenient form, than in that of its Juice, and that thereby the Scurvy will be the sooner overcome. And Eugalenus testifies, that there is greater efficacy in the Juice, than in the Decoction; and that it is very prevalent to preserve the Mouth and Gums from putrefaction, even after the Small Pox 
s Schnoder. l. 4. Pharmacop. Med. Chym. p. 50. . It is also administered to Hydropical persons; as also to such as have outwardly spots and stains in their skin, proceeding from the disaffection of their Spleen.  
Schwenckfelt de stirp. silis. p. 262. Of many, it is supposed to be an admirable Alexiterion, or Preservative against all Infection, or Poison; so that even in the Wintertime they mix, and give to drink four ounces of Juice of Scurvygrass, with every pint of French or Red Wine. Matth. Martin. l. saepe cit. pag. 677. and elsewhere. 'Tis prescribed several ways, and the Dose of the juice of Scurvygrass is from ℥ iv. to ℥ vi. Sonnertus 
t Senn. l. 3. Med. Pract. part. 5. §. 2. Cap. 6. p. 617. etc.  prescribes it thus:  
℞ 

SCURVYGRASS,  
Brooklime,  
Water-Cresses, an. M. i    
Bruise them, and put them in Rhenish Wine to infuse, afterwards strain them strongly out, and in the straining put this following Nodule.  
℞ 

The seeds of Water-Cresses, 

Cinnamon,  
Cloves,  
Mace, an. ℥ i    
Give every day a draught of it.    
Or thus:  
℞ 

Wild Redish Roots,  
SCURVYGRASS,  
Water-Cresses,  
Brooklime,  
Fumatery.    
Being bruised in a Marble Mortar, pour upon them Milk, or Whey of Goat's Milk, lb i. ss.  
Let it stand in a warm place twelve hours, afterwards strain it: Add to the straining 

Saffron, ℈ i  
Cinnamon, ʒi. ss.  
Or Cinnamon Water, ʒ ss. mix them.    
OR,  
℞ 

Water-Cresses,  
SCURVYGRASS, an. M. two.  
Wild Redish, ℥ ss.  
Galingal,  
Cinnamon, an. ʒii.    
All being bruised in a stone Mortar, pour upon them a sufficient quantity of Whey; let them stand in a warm place for a night, and strain them out in the morning.  
OR, 

The juice of the Herbs Scurvygrass, 

Water-Cresses, an. two spoonfuls,  
Celandine the lesser.  
Sorril, an. i. spoonful,  
Wormwood half a spoonful,    
Cinnamon Water a small quantity.    
Mix them with a draught of Whey.  
OR, 

Of the juice of the middle sort of 

Housleek,  
Brooklime,  
Water-Cresses,  
SCURVYGRASS, an. ℥ ss.    
Goat's Whey, ℥ two.  
Saffron,  
Mace,  
Cardamon seeds, an. ℈ ss.  
Cinnamon Water, ʒi.    
Mix them for one draught.  
OR,  
℞ 

SCURVYGRASS,  
Brooklime,  
Water-Cresses, an. M. i  
Wild Redish Roots, ℥ i ss.    
Bruise them in a Marble Mortar, and pour upon them as much Goat's Whey as is sufficient; and being well mixed, let them stand in Infusion twelve hours: After that, boil them half an hour in a double Vessel; then strain it, and give it to drink.  
The Dose is ℥ vi. in the morning, and two hours before Supper.  
He hath also these following in the same place 
u Senn. l. 5. pag. 342. .  

℞ The fresh pressed juice of SCURVYGRASS, 

Brooklime,  
Water-Cresses, an. lb two.  
Preserved Cichory Roots, ℥ vi  
Salt of Tartar, ʒ ss.     
Let it stand in digestion a few days in a close stopped Vessel, then strain it, and add to the straining 

White Sugar, ℥ iv.  
Conserve of borage, 

Betony,  
Fumatery, an. ℥ two.      
Let them stand in digestion again a day and a night, and afterwards strain it.  
OR,  
℞ 

The simple Mixture, ℥ ss.  
Rob or thick juice of juniper, ℥ i  
juice of SCURVYGRASS, 

Water-Cresses,  
Brooklime, an. ℥ vi.    
Spec. Diarrhod. Abb. ʒii.  
Syrup of borage, 

Clove Gilly Flowers,  
Sour Citrons, an. ℥ i ss.    
Cinnamon water, ℥ ss.    
Let them stand in digestion, afterwards, pour of that which is clear.  
Horstius 
w Fet. in Tract. de Absynth. p. 134  his Apozeme of which mention is made above cap. 8. and is described by Dr. Fehr, is this.  

Monywort,  
Water Cresses,  
Pimpernel,  
SCURVYGRASS, an. M. two.  
The Tops of green wormwood, Rue. 

the lesser Housleek, an. M. ss.     
Cut them, and bruise them in a stone Mortar, press out their Juice, and pour into it Goat's whey, and strain out ℥ viij. For to take at twice,  
The same Gregory Horstius 
x Horst. l. 4. Observ. 36 p. 279.  hath this.  

℞ of the aforesaid Juices, ℥ iv. 

Cinnamon water, ʒi. ss.     
Mix them for one draught.  

y Myns. in Armament. chy. mico. p. 360.  The Antiscorbutic Wine of Mynsich is prepared out of Juices thus.  
℞ 

Rhenish Wine, lb. iv.  
juice of Scurvygrass, 

Water Cresses,  
Brooklime,  
Sorril of each purified, ℥ iv    
Of the Roots of Wild Reddish, 

Enula Compane,  
Fresh iris Roots, an. ℥ i ss.  
cut them all into thin slices.    
Rocket seed bruised ℥ i    
Being all mixed put them in a cold place, and reserve them for use, adding to them two Nutmegs toasted.  
Quercetanus 
z Querc. § 2. c. 1 pag. m. 73.  his appropriate Medicine for the Scurvy, which you may find in his Diaetet. Polyhistor 

℞ Wild Reddish Roots cut small, ℥ two. 

SCURVYGRASS, M iii    
Bruise them and pour upon them. 

Of the decoction of Barley, lb. i  
White wine, ℥ vi.    
Press out the juice and drink of it morning and evening.    
Solomon Albertus de scorbuto, Sect. 261. hath this following.  
℞ Water Cresses.  
SCURVYGRASS, of each three full handfuls. While the Herbs are yet Fresh and green, and full of Juice, beaten them in a Stone Mortar, with a wooden Pestle, and squeeze out the Juice strongly with a Press, letting it run through a sieve, To this strained liquor add▪ 

Double refined white sugar, ℥ iv.  
Strong biting Cinnamon, ℈ iv.  
Mix them, and make a drink.    
With this agrees that which is to be found in Matth. Martinus, l. c. p. 679.  
℞ 

juice 
a Bald. Tim. à. Guidenfle● lib. 3 Cas. med 33 p. 163.  of Scurvygrass new pressed, lb two. 

Water Cresses.    
Brooklime, an. lb ss.  
Fumatery,  
Chichory,  
Sorril, an. ℥ v.    
Being mixed clarify them with Juice of Citron.  

℞ Fresh SCURVYGRASS, 

Water Cresses,  
Brooklime,  
Sorril, an. M. i     
Beaten them in a Stone Mortar and pour upon them lb iv. Of Rhenish Wine, in which hath been infused for three days fresh Wild Redish Roots cut into thin slices, let it stand in infusion for a day, and a night, afterwards press it out strongly, and add to the straining.  

Fresh juice of Citron, ℥ iv.  
Sugar a small quantity. mix them.  
The Dose is from ℥ iii to ℥ vi.   
I have prescribe this following in my Tract. de varis. cap. 8 p. 94.  

℞ The juice pressed from Scurvygass, ℥ two.  
Goat's Whey, lb. Mix them.   
Drawizius' tit. 5. of the Scorbutic Headache, p. 216. his expressed Juice against the Scurvy is this: 

℞ Monywort,  
Water-Cresses,  
Water Pimpernel,  
SCURVYGRASS, an. M. two.  
Tops of green Wormwood,  
Fresh Rue,  
The lesser Housleek, an. M. ss.    
Cut them and beaten them in a stone Mortar, and press out their juice through a Linen Cloth, then ℞ the Herbs from whence you have pressed out the juice, and boil them in lb two. of Goat's Whey a little while; press them out, and strain them again, and add this to the former Juice; mix them and Aromatize them with ℥ i of Cinnamon Water, and of the distilled Oil of Mace and Nutmegs, ana five drops: Mix them, and make a Potion, or Drink, the Dose of which for once is from ℥ iii to ℥ v. and at the most ℥ viij.  
The same Author tit. 7. of the Scorbutic Pleurisy or Stitch in the side, p. 251. hath described this Potion.  
℞ 

Quercetanus his Antiscorbutic Water,  
Our Lady Thistle Water, an. ℥ i  
Diaphoretick Antimony, gr. x.  
Magestery of Crabs eyes, ℈ ss.  
Fresh juice of Scurvygrass, ʒiii.  
Syrup Ambros. ℥ ss.    
Mix them for a draught.  
The thickened Juice of Scurvygrass may be used instead of its Extract, 
b Vid. Schroder. l. 4. Pharmac. Med. Chym. p. 50.  also Pills may be made of it; as for axample: 

℞ The sweet Extract of Steel of Drawiz, described by me in my Tract de Varis, cap. 13. pag. 215.  
Extract of Fumatery, an. ʒ ss.  
Thickened juice of Scurvygrass, ʒii.    
Make Pills according to Art, of the bigness of little Pease; Title them the Antiscorbutic Pills. The Dose is from ℈ i to ʒ ss.   

CHAP. XX. Of Magistery of Scurvygrass.  
A MAGISTERY is a sort of subtle fine Medicine of the Chemists, which is made by separating the best parts of any thing, from the impure and useless, by the help of some convenient Menstruum, or Liquor; and then reducing it to the form of an Impalpable Powder, sometimes 'tis to be reduced to the substance of Butter, and therefore a Magistery is called by the Germans, Meister Stucklein, Kunst-Stucklein, that is, a Masterpiece, or piece of Art. Of this kind is the Magistery of Jalap, which doth consist of its Rosiny parts, in which the purging Faculty chiefly resideth, which is extracted with the best Spirit of Wine, and precipitated with common water. The best way of making this Magistery is taught by Zwilffer in his Animadversions in Pharmac. Augustan. p. 4●9. Also for the Magistery of Cinnamon, vide Schroder 
c Schrod. l. 4 Pharmac med. Chym p. 48 etc. : But other Magisteries made with Corrosive Spirits, destroy the virtues of the things they do dissolve, and are nothing but dead Earth's, or as Paracelsus calls them, Relollacea, that is absolutely 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉, and of no virtue, but rather prove hurtful, because the Acrimony of the dissolving Liquor, is hardly to be washed off from them, from whence it is no wonder, says Laur. Hoffmann. 
d Laur Hoffm. Tract. de vero usu et fero abus medic. chym. pag, 20.  that the Magistery of Pearls hath killed many, by corroding the Bowels with their Acrimony which is also attested by Libavius.  
The Magistery of Scurvygrass is not properly a Magistery, but an Elosaccharum, or Oily Sugar, and is made by exactly mixing together a scruple of the distilled Oil of Scurvygrass, with an ounce of Sugar. Rolfincius 
e Rolf. l. 4. Ch●m. in Art form red act. § 6. cap ● p. 275.  teacheth to prepare it after this following way, 

℞ Of white Sugar bruised and sifted as much as you william.  
juice of Scurvygrass and Oil of Scurvygrass, of each as much as is sufficient.    
Let the Juice be Fresh, or if it be thick, moisten it with fair water, sprinkle the Sugar with this, and rub it well with a Pestle in a Stone, or Glass Mortar, till the Sugar hath acquired an exact green Colour, then pour upon it the Oil of SCURVYGRASS by drops, again mixing them all together exactly, with the help of the Pestle, that every Atom, or small grain of the Sugar may have imbibed some part of the Oil. Keep it in a Glass well stopped with a bladder It's Virtues are against the Scurvy.  
The Dose is from gr. vi. to ℈ ss. in a spoonful of Wine.  
The same Author in the same place Sect. 2 cap. 3 pag. 320. Proposeth another way of making the magisteries of Vegetables, and so also of SCURVYGRASS, which in that place you may see.  
The same Author in his short notes upon this Eleosaccharum of SCURVYGRASS discourseth thus: The Genuine and true Eleosaccharum of Scurvygrass is made with the juice of Scurvygrass, The Juice is instead of the body of it, the Oil is the Soul, and the Spirit marrying the Soul to the Body, is the Sugar, Author also of many benefits to it. They which in the place of the juice of Scurvygrass, use the juice of Bucks-horn, or of the blades of Wheat, newly sprung out of the ground, and moist with Dew do thereby sergeant both the Colour, and dissolvableness, however for all that, it is not a medicine to be slighted▪ for there is a Cleansing virtue in both of them and a purging one in that made with the Bucks-horn, besides that they are pleasant, it will wholly dissolve in any vehicle in which it is given, and it is taken into it, and joined with it in all its parts.  
The inventor of the Magistery of Scurvygrass Dr. johann. Drawiz, my good Friend, heretofore the most happy Physician of Lipswick, communicated his way of making it to me, which I here put down word for word. (Which because it is long and written in the Germane tongue, which I think will not be much for the Edification of the English Reader to transcribe, I will therefore put it in English) thus:  
Take Scurvygrass in Summer, when 'tis best squeeze out the Juice, expose it to the Sun, that so it may come to some Consistence, and a greenness, yet must it not stand so long exposed, nor too hot, lest it be spoiled Let this Juice imbibe some Sugar thinly strewed upon a smooth dish, let it dry up; this do so often▪ until it be green and enough, keep this well enclosed for use.  
Take for the perfecting of this Magistery, as much sugar as you will and pound it small, and moisten the Colour again, with a little of the water and spirit of Scurvygrass; thereby to make it something thin, then pour it upon the beaten Sugar, and stir it well together, that it may get a fine green Colour: put it into a Glass with a narrow neck, pour some of the rectified Spirit of Scurvygrass upon it, stop the hole with the palm of your hand, and shake it well, that it may be well imbibed, which when done, pour some fresh spirit upon it, as much as it will imbibe, to impregnate it well; put it into a glass well closed with a bladder for use.  
Note 1. That the Juice of Scurvygrass must not be squeezed out too hard, for else it will be too thick; Secondly, The Sugar where with it is to be impregnated, is to be strewed thin, that if possible it may grow dry in half a day, or else it will be too black. Thirdly, 'Tis better to put it into several Glasses, when 'tis perfected, lest it loose its strength.  
With this Magistery you may quickly make a Scurvygrass Wine, putting the quantity of so much as will lie upon two Knives points into a Glass of Wine, and it will receive the colour, scent, and taste of the Herb; and it is an excellent Medicine for the Scurvy.  
The Dose is from a ℈ i to ʒ ss. but this Operation is troublesome and uncertain, I therefore prefer the Eleosaccharum before described, which is that which enters the Composition of my Antiscorbutic Digestive, which you may find in my Tract de Varis, cap. 8. p. 95.  
℞ 

Of the opening Crocus Martis, ℥ i.ʒii.  
Magistery of SCURVYGRASS,  
Vitriolate Tartar,  
Niter Antimoniac, an. ʒi.  
The Roots of Wake Robin powdered, ʒi. ss.    
Mix them, and make a Powder.  
The Dose is from ℈ i to ʒ ss.   

CHAP. XXI. Of the outward use of Scurvygrass.  
IT is declared above in the fifth Chapter, that Scurvygrass is to be used, not only inwardly, but outwardly also. We have hitherto discoursed of its Internal use, now follows its External.  
Scurvygrass is used externally in many disaffections of our Bodies, in divers forms. It is made use of many times in Baths, to cherish by its warmth the aching Joints of scorbutic persons: An example of which this following Fomentation may be which is commended by Brucaeus in one of his Disputations, and described by Simon Paulus in the place often cited, pag. 269.  
℞ 

juniper Berry's slightly bruised,  
Water Mynth,  
Both sorts of Cardamin, or Ladies, smocks,  
Winter Cresses,  
SCURVIGRASS, an, M. two,  
Camomile Flowers, M. iii  
Mugwort,  
Balm,  
Rosemary,  
Marjoram,  
Time,  
Hyssop, an, M. i    
Boil them in a sufficient quantity of Water, and foment the Legs with this warm Decoction. He also reports that his Father used one like this, with very happy success.  
℞ 

Mallows,  
Marsh Mallows,  
Brooklime,  
Fumatery,  
Green Scurvygrass,  
Freshwater Cresses,  
Camomile, an, M. two.  
Mallow Roots, ℥ iii  
Dwarf Elder Rooes, ℥ two.  
juniper Berries M. i    
Cut, bruise, and mix them together, make a Decoction in common Water, for a Fomentation. So that the Feet may be made hot with the vapours of it, they being covered all over with Blankets, or with Woollen Cloth.  
Forestus 
f For l. 20. Observ. 11. p. 300.  mentions a certain vaporous Bath for the Legs, in which he puts Scurvygrass, Brooklime, Water-Cresses, Bay leaves, etc. In the same. place he order this Fomentation, which also is to be found in Matth.  
Martinus. Pag. 740:  
℞ 

Of the Flowers of Melilot, M. two.  
Camomile. M. i  
Mallows Roots and All.  
Mugwort, an, M. i ss.  
Brooklime,  
SCURVYGRASS,  
Fumatery, an. M. i  
Faenigreek seeds, ℥ ss.  
Marsh mallow Roots, ʒi.  
The seeds of Water Betony 

Parsly, an. ℥ ss,      
Boil them in Common Water for a Fomentation.  
In the hard swelling of the Legs of scorbutic persons, the same Matth. Martinus prescribes this Fomentation.  
℞ 

Marsh mallow Roots. ℥ iii  
Mallow Leaves, M. iv.  
Flowers of Camomile, 

Melilot,    
The Tops of Common Wormword, an. M. two.  
Brooklime, M iv.    
Boil them in a sufficient quantity of Common water, adding as much as you please of Brooklime, and Scurvygrass water.  
The same Author pag. 748. Adviseth the Decoction of Scurvygrass, and the like against Scorbutic spots, and also this following.  

The Leaves of Garden Cresses, 

Water-Cresses,  
Scurvygrass, an. M. two.     
℞ 

Camomile,  
Melilot, an. M. ss.  
Time,  
Savory,  
pennyroyal, an. M. i  
Rosemary, P. i  
Wild Carrot Roots, ℥ ss.  
Bay Leaves, M. i  
juniper Berries slightly bruised, ℥ i ss.    
Boil them in a Kettle full of common, or else Rain water, to the wasting of a third part; with which being warm, wash the Thighs and Feet, or dip in Linen clothes, or a Sponge in it, and apply to those parts you would take away the spots from, it also draws out the stains.  
The same Author hath this Fomentation against the Scorbutic pains of the Joints, pag. 702.  

The Flowers of Camomile, 

Melilot, an. M. iii    
Leaves of common Wormwood, 

Mallows,  
℞ SCURVYGRASS,  
Brook-lime, an M. two.  
Mugwort, M. i    
Marsh Mallow Roots, ℥ two.  
Cummin Seed, ʒii.   
Being chopped small and bruised, boil them in a sufficient quantity of common Water, adding towards the end  
Rhenish Wine, Vinegar, or Vinegar of Hellebore ℥ iv. apply it early in the morning and in the Evening.  

Sol. Alb de scorb. p. m. 530.  Solomon Albertus Tract de Scorbut. commends a Fomentation against Scurvy spots, which is this, 

Ladies smock, or wild Cresses or Garden Cresses.  
Cardamin, or the other sort of water Minth of discords, which is also called Water Cresses,  
Scurvygrass, an. M. two.  
Camomile,  
Melilot, an. M. ss.  
Time,  
Savory,  
Penny royal, an. M. i  
Rosemary, M. ss.  
Wild Carrot Roots,  
Bay leaves, M. i  
juniper Berries lightly bruised, ℥ i ss.    
Boil them in a Kettle of common water to the consuming of a third part. Moisten the member with the vapour of this decoction being hot, or wash the Thighs and Legs with it being warm; or being imbibed in Linen clothes, or a Sponge, wrap it about the part that is spotted. The use of this is not only to make the spots that lay hid to come forth, and appear, but also it is very prevalent to take away those that fully appear, and flourish in the skin.  
To take away the spots and stains in the Legs, Sennertus p. 636. commends Fomentations and Baths of Juniper Berries, Cresses, SCURVYGRASS, etc. or to wash the Legs with Scurvygrass Water. Also he prescribes this following:  
℞ 

juniper Berry's, bruised,  
Water Mynth,  
Water Cresses,  
SCURVYGRASS, an. M. two.  
Camomile Flowers, M. iii  
Mugwort,  
Betony,  
Wormwood,  
Rosemary,  
Marjoram,  
Time,  
Hyssop, an. M. i    
Boil them in a sufficient quantity of Water, fume the Legs with the Vapour of the hot Decoction, or Foment the Legs with a Sponge dipped in the Decoction and applied warm.  
He hath this following against the Contraction, and stiffeness of the Limbs, p. 639.  
℞ 

Marsh Mallow Roots ℥ iii  
Pellitory of the Wall,  
SCURVYGRASS,  
Brooklime,  
Water Cresses,  
Wormwood,  
Flowers of Camomile, 

Melilot, an. M. two.    
Linseed.  
Faenigreek seed, an. ʒvi.    
Boil them in Water and let the Legs be fumed with the hot Vapour.  
Solomon Albertus 
g Sol. Alb. c. l. pag. 539.  and Matth. Martinus 
h Matt. Mart. p. 706, 707.  have ordained this following Fomentation in crucifying Scorbutic Pains, and against Weakness and Inability to walk.  

The Roots of Marsh Mallows, 

Mallows, an. ℥ i  
Iris or Oris, ℥ ss.    
Linseed,  
Foenigreek seed, an. ℥ i  
℞ Camomile,  
Melilot,  
Violet Leaves, an. M. i  
Wormwood.  
SCWYGRASS,  
Brooklime,  
Water Cresses, an. M. ss.   
Boil them all either in Cistern Water, or Neat's Feet Broth, or in Oil and Water, make a fomentation to be applied.  
The same Author directs to wash 
Pag. 743.  the tumors and little hard knobs in the skin with a Decoction of the leavs of Scurvygrass and Tobacco made in Wine and Water Forrestus 
i For. Obs. 12. Pag. 303.  writes that he applied for a Fomentation to the Legs of some Scorbutic Persons, Scurvygrass, Brooklime, and the like herbs sewed in a Bag and boiled. And Matth. Martinus 
k Matt. Mart. D. L. p 735.  wrapped about the legs double linen cloaths dipped in the hot Decoction of Scurvygrass and Brooklime. I myself in the year 1657 prepared a Cataplasm or Poultice made with Scurvygrass, Brooklime, Water Cresses, and Mallows bruised and boiled in water: this extemporary Medicine I devised being at a great distance from any Town, where I could procure any other, this I applied to a certain Gentleman afflicted with the wand'ring Scorbutic Gout, in so grievous a manner, that when I was with him, his feet were so distorted and contracted, that there appeared no hopes of restoring him, but this being used warm, by God's Assistance, did like an Enchantment, in a quarter of an hours time, take away his almost insupportable pain, and restore his contracted and distorted Limbs. See my Tract de varis, c. 15. p. 277. Where you will find this relation, and also this following Cataplasm, which I prescribed for a Citizen of Halis in Saxony, and did much good,  
℞ 

Mallows,  
Brooklime,  
Scurvygrass, an. M. i  
Camomile Flowers, P. iii    
Boil them in common Water, and being gently pressed out, add 

Spirit of Earthworms, ʒvi.  
Venice soap, ʒv.  
Camphor, ℈ i  
Saffron, gr. viij.    
Mix them, make a Poultice.  
Sennertus in the place often cited p. 639 against the contraction and stifness of the Limb● of Scorbutic, people prescribes this Cataplasm.  

Flowers of Camomile, 

Melilot,    
Seeds of Fennel, 

℞ Cummin,  
Anise, an. ℥ i    
ehT Meal of Lineseed▪ 

Faenigreek, an. ʒii.    
With the Decoction of the Leaves of Dwarf Elder, 

Mugwort,  
Scurvygrass.     
Make a Cataplasm to which you may add fresh Butter.  
From Scurvygrass, with other things you may prepare Liniments, Ointments, Oils, etc.  
Matth. Martinus commends this Ointment following, 
Mat. Mart. l. c. pag. 746.  in Ulcers of the Legs.  

℞ Of the clarfied juice of Smallage 

Balm,  
Wormwood,  
Scurvygrass, an. ℥ ss.  
Celandine, ʒvi.     
All which being boiled to the consistence of a Lineament, you may add according to the degree of the putrid nature of the Ulcer, powder of Frankincense, Mastic, Aloes, Myrrh, as much as you will, or burnt Alum, or a little precipitate.  
The same Author, pag. 705. hath this Lineament against Scorbutic contractions.  

℞ The juice pressed from the Leaves of SCURVYGRASS, ℥ i  
The Oils of St. johnwort, 

Mullei●,  
Elder, an. ℥ ss     
Boil them to the wasting of the Juice, and being pressed out Add.  

Tacomahaca in powder, ʒi. ss.  
Indian Balsam, ℈ iv.   
Stir them very well upon a gentle fire, and at the latter end, Add a little wax.  
And p. 706. He hath this which is more efficacious.  

The Oil of Camomile, 

Castor, an. ℥ i    
The marrow of an Ox Thigh 

Bone, ℥ i ss.    
juice of Redish. 

SCURVYGRASS,  
Water Cresses, an. ℥ ss.  
With Salad Oil and Wax.     
Make a Lineament.  
Solomòn Albertus prescribes this un. guent against the foul scurf and roughness of the Scurvy parts.  

℞ Briony Roots,  
Wild Cucumber Roots, an, ℥ i  
Prepared earth Worms, ʒiii.   
Boil them in Oil, and Water, until they be wasted, the liquor being squeezed out by a Press, add afterwards, 

Oil of Lilies, ℥ ss.  
Lineseed,  
Camomile, an. ℥ i  
Turpentine washed in mallows Water, ʒv.  
Ointment of Bdellium, ʒiii.  
juice of Scurvygrass, ℥ i    
Being melten again, at a gentle fire, Add new wax, q.s. ad 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 mollioris 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 that is to the consistence of the softer sort of Ointment, called a Lineament.  
Deckers l. c. p. 152. hath these following with SCURVYGRASS, infused in Oil. 

℞ Oil of Earthworms,  
Roman Camomile,  
SCURVYGRASS, an. ʒiii. mix them for a Lineament   to anoint the Hypochondries with, warm, in the movable pains of those parts.  
And pag. 153 He hath this in the Scorbutic Palsy.  

℞ Oil of Earth Worms, ℥ i  
SCURVYGRASS,  
St. john's wort Flowers, an. ℥ ss.  
the Distilled Oils of Rosemary, 

Sage,  
Rue, an. gut. v.     
Mix them, make a Lineament.  
In my Tract de varis cap. 15. at the end, I have prescribed this Oil to be used to those parts that are weak and unapt to move, in the wand'ring Scorbutic Gout.  

℞ Oil of Earthwormes, ℥ i  
The distilled Oil of Rue, 

Sage,  
Rorismary,  
Scurvygrass, an. gut. vi.     
Mix them and put them in a little Box says my Author, be sure to keep it in a glass, and Title it to use outwardly to the joints.  
Also Spirit of Scurvygrass is to be used outwardly in Scorbutic pains, chiefly in the wand'ring Scorbutic Gout, as will appear by these following, which are to be found in my often cited Tract de varis cap. 15. p. 269. and pag. 272.  

℞ Spirit of Earth Worms, ℥ iv.  
Scurvygrass, ℥ ss.  
Treacle camphorated, ℥ i  
Essence of Castor, ʒii.   
Mix them and keep them in a glass, Title it the Spirit for outward use.  
OR 

℞ Spirit of Earth worms, ℥ v. 

Sal Armoniac, ℥ ss.  
Scurvygrass, ℥ two.      
In which dissolve 

Venice Soap, ℥ two.  
Camphor, ʒvi.  
Opium, ℈ i  
Saffron, ℈ ss.    
Digest them some days and nights, and afterwards filther, and keep it in a glass for use. Title it the outward Balsam for the Joints.  
This outward Medicine of mine, I have often found so exceeding beneficial in pains of the Joints; that for that cause it worthily deserved the name of a Balsam. This I have described in the first Edition of my Tract de varis, printed Anno 1663. cap. 14. pag. 149. And in the last Edition, p. 283. The often praised Dr. Deckers in his Golden Notes upon Barbetts Praxis is pleased to entitle it the Balsamic Tincture.  
john Drawiz. Tit. 1. Of the Scorbutic. Reiffender Sicht. pag. 38. describes a Spirit to be used externally in those kind of pains, in compounding of which the seeds of Scurvygrass is made use of, and it is this, 

℞ The Flowers of Lilies of the Valley, M. two. 

Rorismary, M. i    
Castor,  
The Seeds of Scurvygrass, an. ʒvi. 

Rocket, ℥ ss.      
Put them into well rectified Spirit of Wine, ℥ viij. let them stand in the Sun for three days then press it strongly out, and Add, 

Spirit of Earth worms, ℥ two. ss.  
Camphor, ʒi. ss.    
Mix them exactly.  
In such kind of Pains I have ordered this following Spirit, commonly with good Success, 

Spirit of Earthworms, ℥ two. 

Ants, ℥ i ss.  
Scurvygrass, ℥ i  
Sal Armoniac, ʒii.    
My Anodine Essence, ʒi. ss.    
Mix them, and put it in a glass, and title it the Spirit to use in outward pains of the Joints.  
Schroder, as is said above in the 19 Chapter, is of opinion, that if the mouth, and gums be moistened with the Juice of Scurvygrass, it preserveth them, from putrefaction, and Forestus 
m For c. l. pag. 299.  affirms the same Matth. Martinus, p. 695. commendeth Scurvygrass and Brooklime, dried and rubbed to powder, against the looseness of the Teeth, and Bleeding of the Gums, to which he added a little Pumice Stone, and burnt Alum. Also the same Forrestus adviseth to wash the Gums often with the Decoction of Scurvygrass, and Brooklime made with Milk. In the same place he commends & relates of a Patient of his that was cured by only often washing his Gums with the Distilled Water of Scurvygrass and Brooklime. And observat. 12. pag. 363. He directs this following Lineament against stinking, Putrid, Slimy, Loose, and Bleeding Gums 

℞ Sage dried and Powdered, ʒii.  
Alum, ʒ ss.  
and with the juice of Scurvygrass,  
Brooklime and Honey, an. q.s. make a mixture.    
The often cited Matth. Martinus in the same pages prescribeth this Water to hinder Defluctions to the Teeth to preserve from the Scorbutic Toothache, and to procure a sweet and pleasant breath, 

The Leaves of Sage, 

Besony, an. M. iv.    
The Flowers of Wild Plums, 

Red Roses, an. Mii  
Margerum,  
Arabion Lavender, an. Mi.    
Burnt Alum,  
Calcined Tartar, an. ℥ i ss.  
The Roots of Sarsaper ℥ two. 

Rhodium. Wood, ʒvi.  
Pellitory, ʒiii.  
Oris of Florence, ℥ ss.    
Nutmegs,  
Cinnamon, an. ʒii.  
Ginger,  
Myrrh,  
Mastic,  
Citron Peel,  
pomegranate Peel, an. ʒi.  
Camphire, ℈ ss  
The best White Wine, lb iv.  
juice of Scurvygass, 

Winter or Water Cresses, an. lb i      
Let them stand ten days to infuse, shaking it every day, afterwards distil it.  
Almost of the same nature is the water of Sennertus in the forecited place p. 632. Also Solomon Albertus, p. 517. To be used in the like disaffections of the Teeth, and Gums, and is made with the Leaves of Scurvygrass, and other things thus: 

Damask Roses,  
The leaves of an Olive Tree, green, or else of Privet,  
The Tops of Bramble,  
℞ The Leaves of Scurvygrass, 

Sage, an. M. i  
Water Cresses,  
Rue, an. M. ss.    
Myrrh, ʒii.    
Rose water, or some other proper Water, as much as is sufficient to infuse them in, which being done Distil it in a Glass Vessel.  
Sénnertus 
n Sen. l. c. pag▪ 631 & 632.  in the like affections useth this following,  
℞ 

SCURVYGRASS,  
Water Mynth,  
Water Cresses,  
Red Roses, an. Mi. 

Boil them in Fountain Water,    
take of the straining, ℥ x. 

Add to it,    
Honey, ʒvi.  
Alum, ʒi.    
Make a Gargal for the mouth.  
OR, 

The Bark of a Wild Plum Tree, ℥ i  
SCURVYGRASS,  
Water-Cresses, an. Mi.  
Red Roses, M ss.  
Pomegranate Flowers, ʒii.    
Boil them in a sufficient quantity of steeled Water.  
Add to the straining a little Alom, Honey of Roses and Syrup of Mulberries, Mix them.  
Against the Contagion and Putrefaction of humours near the Jaws, The same Author 
o Sen. ● l pag. 635.  adviseth to Gargal with the Waters of Scurvygrass, WaterCresses, Mugwort, Tobacco. Also this.  

℞ The water of self Heal, 

Plantain,  
Scurvygrass, an. ℥ iii  
Tobacco, ℥ two.    
Spirit of Vitriol, ℈ i  
Honey of Roses, ℥ i ss. Mix them.   
Deckers hath noted this Tincture against Looseness of Teeth, and the Scorbutic bleeding of the Gums.  

℞ Tincture of Gum Lacca, ℥ ss. 

Columbine Flowers, ʒi.    
Spirit of Scurvygrass, ʒii.   
Mix them and wash the mouth, and Gums with this,  
I make use of these following, 

℞ Tincture of Sulphur of Vitriol, ʒii.  
Spirit of Scurvygrass, ʒi.   Mix them, keep them in a glass.  
Of which drop a few drops into Brooklime water, in which a little burnt Alum hath been boiled, and wash the mouth and Gums with this water.  
OR,  
℞ 

Ointment of Columbine, ℥ ss.  
Powder of burnt Alum, ℈ i  
Distilled oil of Scurvygrass gut. two.  
Syrup of Scurvygrass, q.s.    
Mix them and keep them in a little Box, Title it Salve for the Gums.  
The Leaves of Scurvygrass, as also its Oil, both that made by Distillation, and that made by infusion, are used in Glisters.  
The often cited Dr. Deckers hath these, 
Deck. D. L. pag. 15●.  

℞ The Leaves of Scurvygrass, 

Henbane,    
The Flowers of Camomile, 

Roman Elder, an. M. ss.    
Tops of Wormwood, M. i  
Elecampain Roots, ℥ i ss.  
juniper Berries,  
Bay Berries, an. ʒv.    
Boil them according to Art in q.s. of Whey, in a Vessel close stopped, take of the straining ℥ viij. or x. add to it.  

Oil of Scurvygrass,  
The Lenitive Electuary,  
The Electuary of Bay Berries, an. ʒv.  
The yolk 〈◊〉 an Egg.   
Mix them, and make a clyster.  
I have prescribed this in my Tract de varis, cap. 13. pag. 203.  
℞ 

Mallows,  
Pellitory,  
Water Cresses.  
Brooklime,  
Scurvygrass, an. M. i  
Roots of Fern, 

Polypody an. ℥ i      
Boil them in common water q.s. Take of the straining ℥ ix. Dissolve in it of the Electuaries, 

Hiera Picra,  
Diacatholicon,  
Lenitive, an. ʒvi.  
Oil of Camomile,  
Earthwormes, an. ℥ i  
Sal Gemm. ℈ i with one yolk of an Egg.    
Make a clyster according to Art.  
You may also in Scorbutic pains of the Belly prepare this clyster.  

℞ The Ingredients of the Carminative  
Decoction, M▪ iv.  
Tops of Wormwood,  
Scurvygrass, an. M. i  
Flowers of Roman Camomile, P. iii 

Century the lesser, P. two.    
Bay Berries, ℥ i   
Boil them in q.s. of Milk.  
Take of the straining ℥ viij.  
Add to it 

Of the Electuary lenitive, ℥ i  
of Bay Berries, ℥ ss.  
Oils of Camomile,  
Dill, a. ʒvi.  
Distilled Oil of Scurvygrass, gut. v.  
One yolk of an Egg.    
According to art make a clyster.   
FINIS.  
GLORY TO GOD ONLY.  

THE INDEX.  

A.  ACetosa, Sorrel, it grows plentifully in Greenland, 
p. 38.  Acetosella, Wood sorrel, both derive their Names from their taste 
21.  Acid, and Alkali Salts are falsely supposed by many to be the Causes of all Diseases, 
113.114.  That they are so cannot be proved out of Hypocrates 
114.  Acid, Ferments are the Cause of Fevers, 
67.  Acorus, Sweat smelling flag, or Read why so Called, 
18.  Allium, Garlick the reason of its Name 
22  Alliaria, jack by the Hedge, its Name from i●● smell 
22.  Alsine, Chickweed, why so called 
21.  Anemone, Wind Herb, a sort of Crowfoot, why named so 
24.  Anonis, Rest Harrow, why so called 
ibid.  Ansarinae, and Argentinae Wild tansy, its derivation 
19  Apiastrum, Bawm, why so named, 
24.  Apium risus, Water Crowfoot, why so called, 
19  Apocynum, Dogs Bain, its derivation, 
24.  The Apozeme, or Decoction of Dr. Barbet. 
58. 
of Dr. Horstius 
59.159.  of Sol. Albertus' 
161.  of Quercitanus peculiar in the Scurvy 
160.    Agues their Cause 
69.  Artemisia, Mugwort, the derivation of its Name 
17.  Asciomenes, a wonderful Herb 
5.  Asphodelus, King's Sceptre, why so named 
25,  Atriplex faetida, Stinking Orach, why so styled 
22.  Arrow head, an Herb, why so called 
25.  Auricula ursi, Bear ear, so named from its Outward form 
25.  Antiscorbutic 

Pilus, by the Author, 
164.  by Timaeus, 
46.  Spirit Simple by Dr. Michaelis 
107.  Compound by the same Author 
107.  Digestive, by the Author 
170.  Electuary, by Hannemanus 
144.  Essence 
148, 149.  Syrup, by Timaeus 
132.  by Minsichtus 
133.  Tincture, by John Wierus 
140.  by Deckers 
192.  Wine, by Mynsichtus 
160.    Assarabecca, Leaves used by mistake for SCURVYGRASS 
62.   

B.  BAharas, a wonderful root growing in the Indies 
5.  A Bag with SCURVYGASS for the Legs of Scorbutic persons 
180.  Balsam, in Scorbutic pains of the joints, by the Author 
186.  The Bolus of Dr. Timaeus Composed with Conserve of SCURVYGRASS 
127.  Barba Herci, Goat's Beard, why so called 
26.  Branca ursina, Bears Breach, the reason of its name 
25.  Bassil, why so called 
25.  Bath, with SCURVYGRASS 
173.  Bawm, the reason of its name 
24.  Beta, Beat, why so called 
26.  Birds produced from the Leaves, and fruit of a tree in Scotland 
12.  Blew-bottles, called so from their Colour 
23.  Blood of a red haired man poison 
116.  The Blood of every man indifferently, not fit to make Medicines of 
116.  Britanica, Bistort, or Snakeweed, why so called 
21.  Broth of an old Cock by Martin 
75.  bugloss, Ox Young, so called from its shape. 
25.  Bramble Bush, called Dog Berry Bush, the Decoction of it Cures Ulcers. 
30.  Bleeding of the Gums, a Gargale against it 
192.   

C.  CAltha palustris, Fenny Marigolds, why so called 
21.  The Cause of Fevers 
67. 
of Agnes 
68, 69,  of the Acid, or sour Ferment in Fevers 
70.  hindering Fermentations in Wine 
95, 66.    Campanula, Bellflower, so called from its shape 
20.  Camphorata, Stinking ground pine, named so from its shape 
22.  Cariophyllata, Herb Bennet so called from its sent 
22.  A Cataplasm, with Scurvygrass against Contraction of the Limbs by the Author 
180, 181. 
in Scorbutic pains of the joints, by the Author 
180.  against stiffness, and Contraction of the Limbs in the Scurvy by Sennertus 
181.    Centaury, the reason of its Name 
19 
why called Fel Terrae 
21.    Cervicaria, Neckweed, why so named 
20.  Chelidonium, Celandine, its derivation 
24.  Chrysanthemum, Corn Marigold, why so called 
23.  Citrons good in the Scurvy 
51.  Colchicum, Meadow Saffron, why so called 
20.  Compounds with Conserve of Scurvygrass, by Sennertus 
125, 126. 
another 
126.  another 
127.    Conserve the reason of its name 
124. 
of Scurvygrass 
ibid.  its Virtues 
125.    Conyra, Fleabain, why so named 
24.  Crocus Vernus, Saffron of the Spring, why so called 
25.  Codded Arsmart, a sensikle Plant 
5, 8.  Continual Fevers their Cause 
67, 68  Conduit, with Scurvygrass by Drawizius 
144.  Cochlearia, Scurvygrass the reason of its name 
26.  Cyanus, Blew-bottles, so called from their Colour, 
23.  China Rose, a wonderful flower 
1, 2.  Cynosbatus, and Cynorrhodon, Bramble, and Eglantine are the same 
30.  Cynoglossum, Hound's Tongue, why named so 
25.  Cynosorchis, Dogs stones, why so called 
25.  Cytiscus, Shrub Trifoil, the reason of its name 
20.  Cowslip why so called 
18.  Chickweed, why so called, 
21.  Cyperus, why so called, 
25.   

D.  DRacontium, Dragons, the derivation of its name, 
26.  Decoction of Scurvygrass, of Sennertus, 
53. 
Another, 
53.  Outwardly against Scurvy spots, 
174.  against hard Knobs in the skin, 
179.  made with Ale or Beer, commended by Forestus, 
61.  in Milk or Goat's Whey commended in melancholy diseases, by Brunnerus, 
61.  Sudorisick with China, by Matth. Martin. 
55.  with Guaiacum wood, by Timaeus, 
47.  another with Guaiacum and Scurvygrass, by Hartman, 
47, 6.  against Scorbutic wastings, by Martin. 
56.  to open Obstructions, by Forestus, 
60.    Digestive against the Scurvy, by the Author, 
170.  Digitalis, Finger wort, wherefore so called, 
25.  Distilled Liquors of Sarsaparilla, by Rolfincius, 
101. 
against the Scurvy, by Drawiz. 
102.    Distilled Oils to be used with caution, 
122.  Dittander, why sb called, 
20.  Dock, the derivation of its Latin name, 
20.  Who was the Devisor of the Magistery of Scurvygrass, 
168. 
in difficult Labour, a remedy, 
3.    Dog's stones, or Satyrion, certain admirable kinds of them, 
15.  Dog Berry Bush its Leavs, and sprigs boiled in wine, is a sure remedy to cure Ulcers, 
30.  Dyers weed, why so named, 
23.  Dog Nettles, the reason of its name, 
18.  Daffodil the reason of its name, 
18.   

E.  ELectuary, the derivation of its name, 
135. 
what it is, 
ibid.  of Scurvygrass, 
136, 137, 138, 139, 140, to 145.  compound by Martinius, 
138.  Another, 
139.  by Timaeus, 
143.  another, 
ibid.  by the Author, 
145.  Antiscorbutic, by Hannemanus, 
144.    Eleosaccharum of Scurvygrass, 
166.  Elixir, Essence, Extract, and Tincture, differ little, 146, 147, Essence of Scurvygrass to, 
149. 
Antiscorbutic Essence, 
148.    Elicampain, its name from whence? 
21.  Embemma, Sauces, why so called, 
50. 
of Scurvygrass▪ 
ibid.  of other things 
51.    Equiseti, Horse-tail, why so called, 
25.  Eruca, Rocket, the reason of its name, 
22.  Essence of Scurvygrass, 
147. 
the manner to prepare it, 
ibid.  of the juice of Scurvygrass, 
148.  by Simon Paulus. 
ibid.  for the Spleen, by Dr. Michael. 
48.    Extract of Scurvygrass of no Virtue, 
148.   

F.  FEvers their cause, 
67, 68, 69. 
intermitting or Agues their cause, 
69.  Quotidian their cause, 
ibid.  Tertian their cause, 
ibid.  Quartan their cause, 
ibid.  from Catarrhs the cause, 
ibid.  Malignant the cause, 
70.    Feverish Ferment, what it is, 
68  In Feveverish Fermentation what is to be considered, 
67.  Fel Terrae, Centaury, why so called, 
21.  The Finder out of Magistery of Scurvygrass, who, 
168.  A Fomentation with Scurvygrass, 
172. 
in the hard swelling of the Limbs from the Scurvy, 
174.  against the Scurvy spots, 
ib. 175, 176.  by Sennertus, 
177.  against Scorbutic pains of the joints, 
175.  against contraction, and stiffness of the Limbs, 
181.  by Sennertus, 
178.  against weakness and imbecilities to go, by Martinius, 
179.  another by Sol. Arbertus, 
ibid.    The Fruit Peci, very wonderful, 
10.  A Fruit very powerful to provoke Venery, 
9  Futuaria, its derivation, 
22.  Figwort, why so called, 
18.  Ferula, why so called, 
20.  Flower de Luce, 
23.  Foxglove, Fingerwort, 
25.   

G.  GAlens Opinion concerning Pretenders to Physic. 
63.  Girlotophylis, Water Crowfoot, why so called? 
19  Gentian, why so named? 
17.  Geranium Moschatum, Crains bill, why so called? 
22.  Geese produced from a Tree in Scotland, 
12.  Golden Rod, why so called? 
23.  Glisters with Scurvygrass, 
193, 194, etc.  A clyster in Scorbutic pains of the Belly, by the Author 
194.  Good smells strengthen the spirits 
117, 122, 123.  The Groenlanders Extremely afflicted with the Scurvy 
38. 
the use of all their Limbs taken away by it, 
ib.  their way of Curing themselves, 
ibid.    Gums bleeding, a Gargale against it 
189, 190, 191.  Goat's Marjoram, the reason of its name 
24.  Goose foot, why so called 
25.  Galangal, the reason of its name 
ibid.   

H  HAstula Regia, King's Sceptre, why so called 
25.  Hard labour of women, a remedy against it 
3.  Helenum, Elecampaine, its derivation 
21.  Hepatica, Liverwort, why it is so called 
18.  Herbs, see also Plants 
 Herb Frankincense why so called 
22.  Herb Aux-escu-eilliers 
27.  Herba Paralysis, or Cowslip why so called 
18.  Hidden Herba, called Claudestina Madrona Occulta, a wonderful Plant 
14.  An Herb which opens any Lock by touching it with it 
4. 
another that loosens horses shoes if they tread on it 
5.  called Impatiens, Noli me tangere, or touch me not 
6.  called Herba Viva, or the Living Plant 
ib.  called Mimosa, all of them sensible plants 
ib.  called Ossifraga, which softens bones 
9  another which strengthens bones 
9    An Herb which dissolves to dirt in water, but if it be cast in the fire it will not burn 
10.  An Herb Causing bleeding 
13.  Herba Muralis, why so called 
21.  Herba Ventis, why 
24.  Hare's foot, why so called 
25.   

I.  JAceae Aromaticae, Knapweed, a wonderful plant 
8.  Jericho Rose, a Wonderful Plant 
2.  jerusalem Rose a wonderful Plant 
2.  Indian Fern, a sensitive Plant, 
7.  The infusion of Scurvygrass, 
72. 
by Matthius Martinius, 
72, 73,  by Sennertus, 
ibid.  another, 
74.  by Timaeus, 
75.  an other, 
ibid.  by the Author, 
76.  an other, 
ibid.    Iris Oris, why so called 
23.  The Inventor of Magistery of Scurvygrass 
168.  Iva Moschata, Crainsbill, why so called, 
22.  juice of Scurvygrass 
153. 
its virtues, 
154.  the manner how to prepare it, 
153.  if it be made thick it my be used instead of its Extract, 
164.  the manner of prescribing, by Sennertus, 
155.  by Timaeus, 
161.  by the Author 
162.  its Dose inwardly, 
155.  its externaluse. 
188.    The Ezpressed Scorbutic juice by Drawizius, 
163.  ill scents cast down the Spirits, 
117, 122. 
the causes of sounding and Abortion, 
118.     

K.  KIngs Sceptre, why so called 
25.  Knapweed, sensative Plant 
8.   

L.  LActuca, Lettuce the derivation of its name, 
20.  Lapathum, Dock whence its name is derived 
ibid.  Lepidium, Dittander, why so called, 
ibid.  Lofletfraut, 
26.  Libonatis, herb frankincense, why so named, 
22.  Liconea, a great tree in Congo, 
11.  Ligusticum, Lovage, why so called? 
21.  A Linement in Scorbutic Contractions, by Martinius, 
182. 
one more effectual, 
183.  in movable Scorbutic Pains of the Hypochondries in the Scurvy, by Deckers, 
184.  in the Scorbutic Palsy, by the same Author, 
185.  against bleeding, and corrupt gums, by Forestus, 
189.    Lunaria, Moon-wort, why so called? 
26.  Luteola, Dyers weed, and Yellow weed, why so called 
23.  Lysimachia, Loose strife, whence it hath its name? 
17.  Lion's foot, why so called, 
25.   

M.  MAdronna occulta hidden Herb, why so called, a wonderful Plant, 
14.  Magistery, what it is? 
165. 
of Scurvygrss what? 
166.  the manner of preparing it, 
169.  of jalap, 
165.  of Cinnamon, 
166.  of Pearls, hath killed many, 
166.    Magisteries prepared with Corrosives Spirits of no Virtue, but are hurtful 
ibid.  Medicines ought to be prescribed in small quantities, and pleasant, 
62. 
hot in the third, and the fourth degree hurtful, 
115.  and to be used with Caution, 
ibid.  from human blood suspected, 
116.  from volatile Salts, some of them are stinking, 
117.  those that stink are hurtful, 
ibid.    Medicasters', are worse than Robbers, and Theives, 
63. 
they ought to be punished by the Magistrate, 
ibid.    Melissa, Bawm, the reason of its name, 
24.  Mercurialis, Dog Nettles, whence so named? 
18.  Methodist, what they are? 
113.  March Violets, 
25.  Malignant Ulcers, are certainly cured by the Decoction of Dog berry bush in wine, 
30.  Medicinal Wines, 

by Deckers, 
77.  by Sennertus, 
71.    a Medicine against difficult labour in women 
3.  Mixture what? 
135. 
of Scurvygrass by Sennertus, 
137.  by Reinesius, 
152.  by Martinius, 
138.  by Glantzius, 
150.  by Finckius, 
151.  by Hannemanus, 
152, 144.  by Timaeus, 
153.    Moly, why so named? 
19  Morsules, Compounded with Conserve of Scurvygrass, by Grembs. 
127.  Monyworth, why so called, 
25.  Mouth a Gargale for it, against loose Teeth, and bleeding Gums, 
191.  Must, what it is? Mute Wine the same, 
66. 
its Fermentation caused by its dregss, 
67.    Movable Plant, 
7.  Milkwort why so called, 
19  Mustard, why so called, 
20.  Moonwort, why so called. 
26.   

N.  Narcissus', whence so called 
18.  Nardus, its derivation, 
20.  Narsturtium, Water Cresses, why so named, 
ibid.  Nicotiana, Tobacco, from whom it took its name, 
18.  Nigilla, why so named, 
23.  Nodule, what? 
77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 47.  A Purging Nodule which the seeds of SCURVYGRASS, 
47. 
a Compound one by Sennertus, 
78.    A Nodule of the Authors, 
79, 80, 81.  Noli me tangere, a wonderful Plant, 
6.  Night Violets, a wonderful Plant, 
2.  Nympheae, Water Lilies, its derivation, 
18.  Nettles, the reason of its name, 
19   

O.  OGymum, Bassil, why so called? 
25.  Oil of Scurvygrass, 
121. 
used in Powders and Pills, 
123.  by infusion, 
1●1.  by distillation, 
ibid.  by the Author, to be used outwardly, 
185.  to strengthen in the running Gout, 
ibid.  distilled from Scurvygrass, for outward use. 
124.    Oils distilled, are powerful Medicines, 
122. 
to be used with Caution, 
122.  they may be made into volatile Salt, 
ibid.  they are not then so hot, 
ibid.  they may be changed into the form of Spirits, 
ibid.    Ombrion, supposed to be the rainy Island of Pliny, and Solinus, 
11.  Orchis, Dogsstone so called from their outward Figure, 
25.  Ornithogalun, Star of Bethlem, whence so called 
23.  Oranges, good in the Scurvy, 
51.  Oris, the reason of its name, 
23.  Orpine the reason of its name. 
17.   
PArietaria why so called? 
21.  Peci softens copper, 
10.  Primrose why so called? 
24.  Psylium, why so called? 
ibid.  Pills, against the Scurvy by the Author 
164. 
by Timaeus, 
46.    A Potion with juice of Scurvygrass, by Drawizius, 
163, 164.  A Purging Potion, by Martinus, 
54.  A Sudorific Potion by Horstius, 
59  Preparations from Scurvygrass, 
43.  Powder of Scurvygrass against Looseness of Teeth, 
188.  Plants of a wonderful nature, vide Proem. 
 Physicians which give volatile Salts indifferently to all people, do offend against the Method of physic, 
119.  〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉, or a short account of the true, causes of Fevers, 
67, 68, 69.  Polugala, why so called, 
19  Potentilla, why so called, 
ibid.  Pulegium, why so called, 
23.  Pellitory, why so called, 
21.   

Q.  QUotidian Agues, and Fevers their cause 
69.  Quartian Agues, and Fevers their cause 
ibid.   

R.  ROsa Hierochuntina, what it is? 
2. 
if it blow constantly of its own accord every Christmas Eve at night. 
2.  from whence so named, 
3.  it groweth in Arabia, upon the sea shore, in the sand, 
4.  its virtue in difficult labour, 
3.    Rosa St. Maria, our Lady's Rose, Rose of Jerusalem 
4.  Rosa Sinica, China Rose, it is a wonderful Plant, 
1.  The Rainy Island of Pliny, and Solinus called Ombrion, 
11.  Ruta Muraria, Wall Rue, why called so 
11.  Rocket its name, 
22.   

S.  SAgitta Herba, Arrow head why so called? 
25.  Sal Acidum, & Sal Alkali supposed by many to be the Cause of all diseases, but falsely 
113, 114.  The Salt in the Scurvy is mortified and drank in by the Salt of Scurvygrass 
42.  Sauces of Scurvygrass 
50. 
of other things joined with it 
51.    Scordium, the derivation of its name 
22.  Scoffocavallo, is a sort of Moonwort, a wonderful Plant 
5.  Scrophularia, Figwort, the reason of its name, 
18, 19  Seratula, Little Saw, so called from its outward shape 
25.  Scharbocfs-kraut, 
26.  SCURVYGRASS, its Names, 
27. 
it's different kinds 
34, 35.  four sorts of it 
34.  its qualities and Virtues 
40.  it is described, 
27.  it's chief Virtue in the Scurvy is occult, 
42.  it Cures the Scurvy 
37.  it is like to water Pimpernel 
28.  it is not like Orpine 
28, 29.  nor Bistort, 
31, 32, 33.  why it fastens loose Teeth, 
32.  its Leaves must be used fresh, 
44.  it's outward use 
171.  it grows no where but where the Scurvy is common 
15, 16.  its juice 
153.  The way how to prepare it 
ibid.  its virtues 
40.  it's outward use. 
171.  made thick it may be used instead of an Extract 
164.  its Dose inwardly 
155.  the manner of prescribing it by Sennertus 
ibid.  by the Author, 
154.  by Timaeus, 
161.  its seed is to be used both unwarely, and outwardly 
44.  it enters many compositions 
ibid.  'tis chiefly used in Nodules 
47.    SCURVYGRASS growth of its own accord and plentifully in Holland, Friesland, Hamburge, England, 
39  near the sea coasts, 
29.  in the Gardens of Flanders 
39  it grows in the western parts of the world 
36.  it grows not in the Eastern parts, 
ibid. 
nor in Swizzerland 
37.  where the Scurvy rageth, 
36.  in Greenland it is without taste 
40.  it abound with volatile Salt, 
41.  it is hot, and dry 
40.  it is called Lavamen Scorbuticum, 
41.  it flourishes, in April, and May 
35.  it moveth the Courses in women 
41.  it is useful in the Dropsy. 
41.  Hypochondriak passion, 
40.  in disaffections of the spleen 
ib.    Satyrion, why so called 
25.  Sorrel the reason of its name? 
21.  Sorrel and Scurvygrass grow together in Gronland, 
38. 
they are used together by the Gronlanders in the Scurvy 
ibid.    Sfeeurt, 
27.  Sfiorbugs-urt 
ibid.  Sinapi, Mustard the reason of its name 
20.  Saponaria, Soapwort, why so called? 
19  Sensible Plants, v. Proem. 
 All Plants have an obscure sense 
8.  Scurvygrass showed first to the Roman Soldier by the Frislanders, or North Hollanders, 
31.  Spirit of Scurvygrass 
103. 
made by Fermentation 
ibid.  without Fermentation 
104.  Simon Paulus his way 
ibid.  Compound for outward use 
186.  by the Author, 
186.  in Scorbutic pains in the joints 
187.  by Drawizius, 
ibid.  by the Author, 
188.  its virtues 
106.  good against the Scurvy 
ibid.  in the Colic 
ibid.  in weakness of the Stomach, 
ib.  good against being too fat. 
ibid.  best to be taken in Milk 
ibid.  simple by Dr. Michaelis, 
107.  The Compound one of the same Author 
107.  another by Drawizius 
108.  another by Deckers 
ibid.    Spirit of Wine put upon Scurvygrass became sour, yet when it was distilled it yielded a strong spirit, 
105.  Spondelium, why so called? 
22.  Spoonwort, why so called? 
26, 27.  Suggar Contains a corrosive spirit 
146.  Sweet, and Suggery things hurtful in the Scurvy, 
145.  Stifled Wine, or Stumm Wine how made? 
66.  SYRUP the derivation of its name 
128. 
what it is? 
ibid.  of SCURVYGRASS 
129.  the Compound by Timaeus 
132.  by Packischius 
130.  Antiscorbutic by Timaeus 
132.  by Mynsichtus 
133.  by Wierus for Children, 
135.  celety bicus by Forestus, 
129.     

T.  TObacco from whom it had its name 
18.  Tausendgulden-kraut 
19  Telephium, Orpine from whom so called 
17. 
it is described, 
29, 30, 31.  it healeth Ulcers 
30.    The Time of Feverish Fomentations 
68  Thapsia, great spanish scorching Fennel, why so called 
20.  Thlaspi, Treacle mustard, why so called? 
26.  Tincture what? 
146. 
Antiscorbutic 
109.  by John Wierus 
140.  against loose Teeth, and bleeding gums, by Deckers 
192.    Tragoriganum, why so called 
24.  Trachelium, Throatwort, why so called? 
19  Trogopogon, Goat's Beard, why so named? 
26.  Tripolium, Sea Starwort why so called? 
23. 
'tis the wild Thistle, and is a sensative Plant, vide Proem. 
   A Tree of a wonderful bigness 
11  A Tree whose Leaves do turn into Birds and Fishes 
12.  A Tree that drops Water, a wonderful Plant, 
10.  A Wonderful Tree growing near Memphis, 
7. 
another in the Isle of Cambabon 
ib.  another in a Province of the East Indies 
9  in Peru 
7.    Teucrium, Germander, why so called? 
18.   

V  A VAporous Bath made with Scurvygrass, 
173.  Venom is caused by Fermentation in the blood 
70.  Viola Martia, why so called, 
25.  Viola Nocturna, a wonderful Plant 
2.  Ulcers though malignant are certainly cured by the decoction of the sprigs, and leaves of Dog-berry Bush 
30.  Unguent for Ulcers in the Legs▪ by Martinius 
182. 
against foulness and scurf of the Nervy parts, by Solyman Albertus 
184.  against looseness of the Teeth, and wasting of the Gums by the Author 
189.    Urtica, Nettles why so called? 
19  Vularia, Neckweed why so named? 
20.  Vulvara, stinking Orach the reason of its name 
22.  Volatile Salt of Scurvygrass 
112. 
very effectual in the Scurvy 
112.  the way to make it 
ibid.  by the Author 
112.    Volatile Salts good in many Diseases 
119. 
not fit to give in all Diseases 
118, 119, 115  it may be allowed in stubborn Diseases 
119.  given to a man in a Tertian Ague is proved very dangerous 
118.  they are hot in the third and fourth degree 
115.  they are endowed with a very penetrative power 
119.  they increase the Fermentation of the humours 
118.    Volatile Salts, from what things they are prepared 
115.  Virga Aurea, why so called? 
23.   

W  WIne in which a Jericho Rose hath been infused is an efficacious remedy in difficult labour 
3.  Wine of Scurvygrass 
64. 
how is it to be prepared? 
64.  it is made by Fermentation 
65.  or without Fermentation 
64.  Sennertus' his way 
64.    Wine Medicinal, by Deckers 
77. 
by Sennertus 
71, 73.    Wine Antiscorbutic, by Mynsichtus 
160.  Wall Rue, why so called? 
21.  Wine the cause hindering their Fermentation, 
65, 66  Water Lily, the derivation of its name 
18.  Water against the Stone in the Kidneys, by Timaeus 
44. 
good for the Spleen, by Timaeus 
45, 97.  of Scurvygrass its Virtues 
82.  against the Scurvy, and green Sickness 
99  by Rolfincius 
99  by Quercetanus 
81.  by Doncrelius 
82.  by Sennertus 
83, 88, 90.  Another 
89.91, 92.  by Doringius 
86.  Another 
87.  by Gr. Horstius 
93.  Another 
94.  by Mynsichtus 
95, 97.    A water hindering defluctions upon the Teeth, and preserving from the Scorbutic Toothache, by Martinius 
189.  another Compound Water, by Martinius 
ibid.  Winter green, the reason of its name, 
26.  Deign Spahe 
69.  Weine Stumm 
ibid.  Wild tansy 
19  Water cresses, why so called, 
20.  Water Germander 
22.   

X.  XYris, Stinking Gladion, or Flag, why so called? 
25.   
FINIS.   

An Explanation of the Physical Characters, or Marks used in this Book.  

MB. Balneo Maria, A Bath of hot Water.  
M. Manipulus, a handful.  
P. Pugillus, as much as can be took up betwixt two Fingers and a Thumb.  
£. A Pound weight.  
℥. An ounce, the sixteenth part of a Pound.  
ʒ. A dram, the Eighth part of an Ounce.  
℈. A Scruple, the third part of a dram, it contains 20. grains.  
Gr. A Grain, the weight of a Barley Corn.  
Gut. A Drop.  
q.s. quantum sufficit, as much as is sufficient.  
q.v. quantum vis, as much as you please.  
f. fiat. Let it be made.  
Ana. of each a like quantity.  
Misce. mix them.  
Cochlear. a spoonful.  
Cong. A gallon.