THE DECLARATION OF HIS excellency JAMES Marquis of Montrosse, Earl of Kilcairn, Lord Greme, Baron of Mont-Dieu, lieutenant governor of Scotland, and captain general of all His majesty's Forces by Sea or Land, for that kingdom.  
LONDON; Printed for Matthew Simmons, next door to the Golden lion, in Aldersgate street. 1649.   

THE DECLARATION OF HIS excellency JAMES Marquis of Montrosse, Earl of Kincairn, Lord Greme, Baron of Mont-Dieu, lieutenant governor of Scotland, and captain general of all His majesty's Forces by Sea or Land for that kingdom.  
HOwever the Justice of His majesty's cause, the wickedness of those rebels, and my own Integrity, are all of them so clear and evident, that to do any thing which in the least measure may seem to descend to a dispute, or to hold such enemies as a considerable party, may rather be interpreted as an act both of public injustice to his sacred majesty, and private injury to myself, then of duty, or equity: Yet the further to confirm the world in a truth so generally known, and acknowledged, the more to encourage those who will Engage with me, and the more powerfully to disabuse those, who have hitherto unwillingly been involved, and out of their simplicity inveigled in those desperate courses▪ I do in the name of his most sacred majesty, and by virtue of the po●●●, and authority by Him granted to me DECLARE.  
THat howbeit there hath been (and still is) a most Horrid, and Infamous faction of rebels, in the kingdom of Scotland, who as at first they did hatch a most groundless Rebellion against his majesty of ever glorious memory, so when his majesty had granted them (by their own confession) even all their violent and most injust demands, they were notwithstanding so far from being satisfied therewith, that (being themselves unable to find any further pretences) they did perjuriously solicit a party in the kingdom of England to begin there, where shame or necessity had forced them to break off. And when the English (being, by much, less wicked) would often have been contented with his majesty's extraordinary Concessions, for as then many did not intend those desperate lengths (which the fa●all success of a Rebellious war, and the cruel craftiness of some m●licious, hollow-hearted men did thereafter drive them unto) these notable jugglers, (to add oil to the fire, and to keep green wounds still raw) did intrude themselves into their counsels, till they had brought: affairs into a condition past all cure. And not contented to act this their so b●oudie a Tragedi● in the fox skin alone, or as it were behind the hangings, (which indeed could never have compassed all their wicked ends) when they had received all Imaginable satisfaction at home (Witness their very own public Acts of Parliament, wherein they confess that His Late M●j●sty parted a co●tented King from a contented people.) They pull off the 〈◊〉, and appea●e in that of a lion, or rather a wolf, a beast, as far less Generou●, so far more cruel. For when they found their rebel-brood, which they had begot in England, begin to lessen, and that his majesty's party appeared to have by much the better, They, (not only contrary to the duty of Subjects, but also contrary to all Faith, Covenants, Oaths, Attestations, to which they had so often invoked God, his angels, and all the world as witness,) did enter the Kingdom● of England with a strong army, did persecute their own Prince in a foreign country, did assist strange rebels against their native King, and all those who continued in their loyalty to his majesty in that kingdom; which traitorous p●oceedings of theirs, the whole world doth know, was the only cause which stopped the course of his majesty's victories, and of bringing that unnatural war to such a conclusion, as all good men could have wished.  
And not ashamed of all this (which even many of their own party do blush to own) when his late majesty reduced (by God knows how many Treacheri●s) to think upon courses of greatest extremity for his safety, was pleased (of his invincible goodness, and natural inclination towards his own native people, notwithstanding all their former Treasons and Rebellions) to commit himself to the protection of that Ignoble, and ingrateful faction, hoping that whom his greatness, and their own duty could not oblige, His misery at least, and an act of so great Trust, and Confidence, might move to pity, and Compassion: They, contrary to all Faith, and pactions, duty of Subjects, laws of hospitality, Nature, Nations Divine, or human, an action so barbarous, (which as it never had any precedent that it may follow, so we hope it will never be followed by any subsequent imitation) most infamousl●, and beyond all possible expressions of baseness, to the blush of Christians, and the abomination of all mankind) sold their sovereign to their merciless fellow-Rebells, and fellow-Traitors, to be by them murdered. For it is more than too too evident by the frequent, and secret intercourses both before, and at the time of that horrid, never enough detested parricide, and by their mutual correspondence, and familiarity since, that the Rebellious factions in both Nations did unanimously conspire and plot the Destruction of His late Gracious Majesty, now a glorious Martyr: nor is it a small aggravation (if any circumstance can aggravate so bloody a deed) that his late Majesty justly jealous of their more than Punic faiths, did resolve first to engage them to his protection before he would put himself into their hands; of which by a long Treaty and many intercourses he received all manner of Assurance. This indeed they are so much ashamed of, that they would gladly cover it with some frivolous excuses; yet the secret guilt of their own consciences, and the public knowledge the World hath of so undeniable a Truth, shuts up even their most im●udent mouths in silence.  
And so little are these God●ie▪ and Religious men touched with any sense of what mischiefs they have already done, that they begin afresh with his majesty Our now Gracious sovereign upon the same score, where they left with his Father of ever blessed memory. They Declare him indeed to be their King, but with such conditions, and provisoes, as Robb him of all right and power. For while they pretend to give him a little, which he must accept of as from them, they spoil him of all that power and authority, which the Law of God, of Nature, and of the Land, hath invested him with, by so long continued descent from his famous predecessors: They press him to join with those, who by a sacrilegious Covenant have confederated all his Dominions in Rebellion, and laid all royal power in the Dust, which in effect were nothing better than that he himself should asperse with infamy the sacred memory of his ever glorious Father, that he should with his own hands destroy himself, and ruin all such, who have still been loyal to him in his thr●e kingdoms. These are the men, who first entering England solicited those of their faction to rise in that desperate Rebellion (as a prolouge to the ensuing tragedy which they meant to act) These are they who were the chief, and main instruments of all the battails, slaughters, and bloody occasions within that or their own kingdom; These are they who sold their sovereign, to a bloody and infamous death; yea these are they, who still dig in his Grave, and who are more perniciously hatching the destruction of his present Majesty, by the same bare, old, antiquated treacheries, than ever they did that of his most excellent, and most innocent Father.  
NOtwithstanding all which because the greatest part of the People of the kingdom of Scotland, hath been hitherto ignorantly misguided to follow their Leaders, not knowing the pernicious ends their wicked counsels did drive at, which they had wrapped up in specious coverings; but have now most of them (by God's mercy) their eyes opened, and their hearts inflamed to return (at least in their desires) to their due obedience towards their most gracious sovereign: And because even in the worst times there never ●anted a loyal party of men of all sorts, and conditions, who still gave evident Demonstrations of their unwearied loyalty and fidelity, their sincere duties and affections to their dread sovereign, His Majesty even in contemplation of those righteous ones is moved with a tender passion of all such, who now at last, have a true remorse, and do seriously repent them of their former Error●, and wickedness.  
His gracious majesty therefore, out of a Fatherly affection to all his people, and subjects, especially those of the kingdom of Scotland, is not only willing, and ready to pardon all, and every one (●xcepting such who upon clear evidences shall be found guilty of that most damnable parricide on the person of his dear Father) who upon the sight or knowledge of this Our Declaration, do immediately, or with the first possible opportunity, abandon those rebels, and rise, and join with us, and our Fo●c●s, in this present service. But also promiseth in the word of a Prince, (which he desires all men to be most assuredly persuaded of) that so soon as God shall be pleased to enable him, he will with the advice, and consent of the lawful, and ordinary supreme, Judicatories in that kingdom, ratify and confirm whatever hath been done by his Royal Father, in order to their peace. Nor doth his Majesty requi●e or demand any more of them but that they would return to their dutiful obedience, and afford him their faithful Service to revenge that horrid murder of his Royal Father, to reestabli●h himself in his just power and Government, and to procure their own perpetual peace and happiness.  
Wherefore, what ever true Scotchman there is, who hath any sense of his duty left him towards God, his King, country, Friends, Wife, Children, or Houses, or would change (now at last) the Tyranny, violence, or oppression of those Reb●lls, with the mild, and innocent Government of their just Prince, or revenge the horrid and execrable murder of their sacred King, redeem their Nation from infamy, and themselves from slavery, restore the present, and oblige all ages to come. Let them as Christians, Subjects, Patriots, Friends, Husbands, and Fathers, join th●mselves forthwith with us, in this present service which is so full of Conscience, Duty, honour, and all just interests. And let no man so much fear, or apprehend things future, and uncertain, as abhor those present evils, under which they groan, since no calamities can match, much less outstrip, that vile and unjust servitude, which now oppresses them. For however at the first blush the enterprise may seem hard, and full of many and great difficulties, yet let not Christians and men of courage doubt of God's Justice, and that perpetual care wherewith he watches over Princes, or their own resolutions, or the fortunes of those with whom they are joined, and by whom they are Commanded. But let them resolve with Joab to play the men for their people, and the cities of their God. And let the Lord do what seemeth him good wherein whatever shall befall them, they may, at least be assured of CRASTINUS his recompense, that Dead, or a Live, the World will owe and pay them deserved thanks.  
MONTROSSE.   

THe Declaration of the Scots in answer to this of Montrosse, being very long, and much of it, tending only to justify their proceedings while their Army was in England, being that with which they have often vexed the press before, and which for the most part hath received such Answers as were never replied unto; I have thought fit to save the reading of that which is not to the present purpose, to Extract out of their large Declaration only those Passages that look at the person of Montrosse: this being intended, only to show the world what Opinion they profess to have of each other.   


EXTRACTS OF A DECLARATION OF THE COMMITTEE OF ESTATES Of the Parliament of SCOTLAND. In Vindication of their proceedings from the aspersions of a scandalous Pamphlet, published by that excommunicate traitor, JAMES GRAHAME. Under the title of a Declaration of James Marques of Monrosse, &c. Printed in the year, 1649. AS ALSO OF A DECLARATION And Warning unto all the Members of this KIRK and KINGDOM, In answer to a paper entitled and reputed the Declaration of JAMES GRAHAME By the Commission of the general Assembly of the Kirk of Scotland.  
Edinburgh, Printed by Evan Tyler, Printer to the Kings most Excellent majesty. 24. January. 1650.   

EXTRACTS OUT OF A DECLARATION of the Committee of Estates of the Parliament of Scotland, In Vindication of their proceedings from the aspersions of a scandalous Pamphlet, published by that excommunicate traitor, James Grahame, under the title of a Declaration of James Marques of Montrosse, &c. Printed 1649.  
IT may seem strange to such as know the state of affairs in this kingdom, that we should think it worth the while to answer the slanders and groundless reproaches of that viperous brood of Satan, James Grahame, whom the Estates of Parliament have long since declared traitor, the Church hath delivered into the hands of the devil, and the Nation doth generally detest and abhor. Since we know there hath been and will be in all ages a wicked rabble of godless men, who make it their work to follow the righteous cause with aspersions and calumnies, and it is an endless labour to answer every voice that speaks against the truth; and seeing also at length the innocency of our cause, the integrity of our hearts, and the candour of our actions will prevail over the malicious tongues of our adversaries, yet because our silence may be subject to misconstruction, and some of the weaker sort may be inveagled by the bold assertions and railing accusations of this impudent braggart, presenting himself to the view of the world, clothed with his majesty's Authority as lieutenant governor and Captain general of this Kingdom: We shall shortly answer what is said against us, take off the ma●ke which he hath put on, and expose him to public view in his own apparel.  
This excommunicate traitor in the first place, chargeth his own Nation with hatching a Rebellion in this kingdom, then with the promoting the like in England, and lastly, with the sale and murder of their native King, and robbing his Son of all right; horrid crimes indeed, if true: But, &c.  

〈…〉 4.  His l●st and main forgeries against us, are, that his late Majesty being red●cted to think on extreme courses, did engage us by a Treaty, and having got all manner of assurance from us, did cast himself in the hands of our Army which was sent into England for assistance of the two Houses of Parliament against the Popish, prelatical and Malignant party; And that we, contrary to all faith, p●ction and duty, sold our sovereign, and afterwards complotted his destruction, and now begin upon the same score with the Son, d●claring him King with provisoes, and robing him of all right while we would seem to give some unto him, and are more perniciously hatching the destruction of his present majesty then ever we did his sacred Fathers.  
What a strange contexture of multiplied lies doth this malicious man heap together? In all this, there is not one word true, save one, that his majesty was redacted to think on extreme courses, and that makes against him; for Sir Thomas Fairfax, having defeated the King's forces in the fields, suddenly resolves to block up Oxford, where the King was in person, thinking that the shortest way to put an end to their troubles, wherewith his majesty being surprised, privately escapes with two or three from Oxford, &c.  
And that it is a malicious wicked device and manifest untruth, that we sold our King; we abhor the very thought of it as sincerely as we do abominate the treacherous actions of that perfidious traitor James Grahame, who, as a child of the Devil, hates to speak truth.  
As to the remainder of that which is said against us by that wretched man, that we complotted his late majesty's destruction, and have Declared his son King with provisoes, robbing him of all right, and are more perniciously hatching the destruction of his present majesty then ever we did his royal Fathers. we say no person on earth has contributed more toward his majesty's ruin than James Grahame himself.  
In the beginning of our troubles, the Lord having put it into the hearts of his people of this Land to renew their national Covenant formerly taken by King James, in the year 1580. That dissembling Hypocrite James Grahame, than Earl of Montrosse, did with tears in his eyes, and both his hands lifted up to Heaven swear the words of that Covenant unto the Lord, in the public Assembly of his people; but being a man of a mean and desperate fortune, and not meeting with that esteem and reward which be in his vanity, proposed to himself, at the first pacification he began to harken to the promises of the Court, and to study a faction within; and hold correspondence with the adverse pa●ty without the kingdom, and by false information, to d●v●de his Maje●ty f●om his people. ●is base and treacherous practices were dive●se times discovered, and himself made ashamed, yet would he not give over until at length he was made prisoner in the Castle of Edinburgh, and afterward brought to his trial before the Committee, for trial of plotters and incendiaries, appointed by his Majesty, and the estates of Parliament, where he was found guilty of perjury and treachery, and had he then received his due punishment according to justice, he had not troubled the World since; but such was the mercy and favour of his Majesty, and the Estates of Parliament, as he was pardoned, and no further Censure inflicted upon him, but that his Majesty declared and caused it to be inserted in the records of Parliament, that he should be incapable of any office or place, in the Court or Common wealth, and not have access to his majesty's person; yet not long after his enlargement, contrary to his own promise and the Articles of the large Treaty betwixt his Majesty and this kingdom, he repaired to his Majesty in England, and obtained a Commission for invading his native country, which shortly thereafter he did attempt upon the South borders, and was repulsed, but rather than fail in his designs, he choosed to join himself with that Barbarous crew of Popish Irish rebels, which invaded this kingdom upon the North, with whose assistance (and of some unnatural Countrymen, void of all Religion and humanity) taking advantage of the quietness and security of this kingdom, when their Armies were abroad in England and Ireland, he did cruelly destroy with the Sword diverse thousands of his own countrymen, spoiled many of their goods, burned Houses and corns, ravished Women, murdered old and young, killed Ministers, complied with Papists, countenanced Idolaters, and despised the Worship of God; for which abominable Crimes, and his Rebellion and Treason, as he was excommunicated by the Church, so he was declared Traitor by the Estates of Parliament, his Coat of arms torn, and his Estate forefaulted: But for all this, he is not weary of committing wickedness, and therefore would return into this kingdom to overact all his former transgressions and abominations. But if he shall come, we trust in God it is that he may be brought to a shameful death, and cursed end, and here receive from the hand of justice his deserved punishment, where he hath murdered so many of the Lord's people, and Julian-like hath made apostasy from that cause and Covenant to which he was so Solemnly Engaged by Oath and Subscription.  
To gain supplies abroad and assistance at home, this vain m●● doth publish this his Declaration under the name and Title of lieutenant governor and captain general for his Majesty of the kingdom of Scotland. Upon what bare pretences he did formerly obtain a Commission from his late Majesty to invade this kingdom, we shall not now descant, bu● we are very sure that there was scarce any act his Made could have done that was more destructive to his own interest or more displeasing to this K●ngedom●, it being expressly contrary to the ties and bands betwixt King and people; and here we may justly retort upon James Grahame, that he doth begin with the Son upon the same score that he left with the Father, for whither he hath really obtained such a commission from his Majesty, or doth only abuse his name, certainly he is not capable of doing his Majesty greater disservice than is held forth in that Declaration. The King received our Commissions in Holland, and the Parliaments Letter, and treated with them, he denied that he had given any Commission to James Grahame, or any other, to invade this kingdom, and promised a further answer to our desires, by an express from himself which is never yet come unto us. The strain and scope of the Declaration makes the whole N●tion, the party whom his Majesty gives Commission to invade and destroy, for it condemns all the proceedings of the kingdom: even at the very first beginning of these troubles, as the Rebellion of an horrid and infamous faction of rebels, at first causelessly ha●ched against his late Majesty of glorious memory, notwithstanding they were approved by his Majesty in the year 1639. at the Treaty at Berwick, wherein James Grahame himself was an actor and consenter. It condemns all the proceedings of this kingdom in the year 1640. notwithstanding his Majesty is obliged in the large Treaty (which is ratified in the Parliament of both kingdoms) for himself and his successors by his promise in verbo Principis, never to come in the contrary thereof, nor any thing therein contained, but to hold the same firm and stable in all points, and that he shall cause it to be truly observed by all his Majesties Leidges, according to the tenor and intent thereof for now and ever, these are the very words of the Treaty. And now what can be imagined to be a security to the Subjects of this kingdom, if that which their King is solmnly engaged unto by promise, for himself and his successors, in verbo Principis, and confirmed in the Parliaments of both kingdoms, shall not only be questioned, but their desires agreed unto by his Majesty declared to be violent and most unjust. And all this is not enough to quarrel Treaties and Established laws, and to accuse the whole Nation, but they are by this Declaration accounted more wicked than any in England, or I●●l●nd, this miserable miscreant is better pleased with the Sectaries or the Irish rebels, then with his native country, wherein he declares his apostasy to be of such a stamp, as he can sooner reconcile with all the World, the● with the cause and Covenant, which he did once swear to maintain and defend. If he may but sit and judge all those in the kingdom, who have kept the Oath of God, and made conscience of their Covenant, shall be found accessary to the murder and ruin of the King, and all those who have perjured themselves, and made apostasy from the cause and Covenant, as he hath done, shall be justified as the only righteous persons of the Nation, as he is pleased to style them in his Declaration. Neither is this the height of his insolency and ambition, but in the frontispiece of that Pamphlet he is exalted to be governor of Scotland, as if it were a Province or Conquered Nation, a title which our Ancestors would never endure in the person of any but the King, and we trust in God it shall never take place in this nor any subsequent Generation. Is it not a sad and lamentable thing, that when his Majesty hath lost possession of the kingdom of England, is in li●tle better condition for Ireland, and only Scotland is desirous to embrace him, upon grant of their just desires, there should yet be such Counsellors about his M●jesty, as would advise him no other ways to come to his Throne in Scotland, but by Conquest, and before the Conquest be made, to declare the governor, and to choose that governor, such a one as is more generally hated by many degrees, than any person of the Nation. What greater provocations can be given then these? Or what design worse than this, can be set on foot to make his Majesty and his people irreconcilable? but we know that no bounds can be set to the wickedness of this malicious man, who had rather see both King and kingdom utterly ruined, then that his own designs should fail, and therefore we are very unwilling to think that these things are done with his majesty's knowledge and approbation, but rather that his majesty's Name is abused in that pretended Declaration, or if there hath been any Commission granted unto him, that it hath been surreptitiously purchased from his Majesty; in which opinion we desire to rest, and shall patiently wait for his majesty's Answer to our desires now again presented to his Majesty in the Isle of Jersey.  
These things being duly weighed and considered by foreign Princes and States, we trust that since we have never done any injury or wrong to them, but have rather been ready to perform all friendly duties in our power, as we have had occasion and opportunity, and seeing we only desire to enjoy our Religion and Liberties under his majesty, according to the word of God, and the laws and Constitutions of this Ki●k and kingdom, and are most willing, upon just satisfaction given to our desires presented to his Majesty, and published to the world in Print, not only to receive his Majesty, and submit to his Government; but also to contribute our best endeavour by all lawful and necessary means according to the Covenant, and the duty of faithful Subjects, that his Majesty may be restored to the peaceable possession of the Government of his other kingdoms; they will be mindful of that Common Rule of Justice known by the light of nature, and confirmed by our Saviour Christ, Whatsoever ye would that men should do to you, do so to them. And therefore as they would expect from us in the like case, we do expect from them that they will neither contribute men nor moneys, nor any other a●d or assistance to a declared traitor, who is neither seeking his majesty's honour and happiness, nor the good of his native country, but merely to satisfy his own lusts and ambitious ends, and designs.  
But in a special manner we do expect from all Protestant Princes and States, that they will remember what is said to Jehosapht for assisting Achab. Shouldst thou help the ungodly, and love them that hate the Lord? therefore is wrath upon thee from before the Lord. And that as they desire to keep the Communion of Saints, they will forbear to give him either countenance or assistance, but look upon him as a person justly excluded from civil society for his Treasonable practices, and excommunicated from the Church of Christ, for his a●●minable transgressions.  
If he shall come into this kingdom, we are confident that all those in whom the sense of the fear of God, duty to the King, and affections to their native country, is not utterly decayed and extinguished, will heartily and unanimously join to resist and oppose him, and to use their best endeavours, that he may be brought to condign and exemplary punishment.  
But if there shall be any found in the land so foolish, base, and treacherous, as to harken to the vain promises, and empty professions of that scandalous, wicked, and infamous Pamphlet, published under the name of a Declaration of his Excellency James marquess of Monrosse; lieutenant governor, and Captain general for his majesty of the kingdom of Scotland, (which in detestation thereof, we have caused burn publicly at the cross of Edinburgh, by the hand of the Common Hangman) and shall aid or assist the said James Grahame, in his wicked designs against Religion, King, and kingdom. We do hereby declare all such as shall join or concur with him or his adherents in arms, to be guilty of High Treason, and to be punished and proceeded against as the Parliament or their Committees, shall think fit; And do further discharge all persons of whatsoever quality or degree, to join with them in any Oath, Band, or Association whatsoever, or to assist or supply them and their adherents, or any of them with Men, Money, arms, Ammunition, victual, counsel, or Intelligence, or to keep any sort of correspondence public or private with them, or any ways to aid or countenance them, or any of them, under the pain of being esteemed as Rebels, and proceeded against as the Parliament or their Committees shall think fit; and this we declare to be instead of all Letters of intercommoning. And Power and war and is hereby given to all good Subjects within the kingdom, to rise in arms for opposing and suppressing all such as shall join in Rebellion, as they shall be called and required thereunto by the Lord general, lieutenant general, or any others having authority for that effect. And for the encouragement of al● such as shall suffer in opposing or suppressing them, we do further declare, that not only the losses and sufferings of such as shall be active in the cause against them, shall be taken in special consideration, and repaired out of the Estates of such as shall join in Rebellion, as aforesaid; but their service shall be rewarded, according as they shall be found to deserve; And we do ordain these presents to be printed and published at the Mercat cross of Edinburgh, and other ordinary places of publication needful.  
A. JONSTON. Clericus Registri.   

EDINBURGH, 2. January 165●. Antemeridiem. The Declaration and Warning of the Commission of the general Assembly unto all the Members of this Kirk and kingdom, In answer to a paper, entitled and reputed The Declaration of James Grahame.  
ALbeit the carriage of those who are engaged in the work of Reformation in this Land hath been from the beginning so agreeable to the rule of the Word of God, and of sound reason, and so eminently owned and blessed by the Lord in all the tenor and proc●dour thereof, as may sufficiently refute all the calumnies of enemies, and strengthen his people against all their slanders and attempts for undoing of the same; Yet lest our silence in this day of blasphemy and rebuke should be construed either as a neglect of our duty, or as weakness through the sense of the guilt, to wipe off the aspersions that are vented to the world in the name of that excommunicate and forfeited traitor James Grahame, we have resolved till there may be opportunity for a larger Declaration, shortly to touch the revilings contained in that paper, and to declare unto men their duty in reference to such purposes and desires as are holden forth therein.  
In the first place the instruments of the work of Reformation are charged as an horrid and infamous faction of rebels, who did hatch a rebellion against his late majesty: But to say nothing that that wretched man was accessory unto the laying of the foundation of that blessed work, which now in the blindness of his mind, and hardness of his heart, as being given up of God, as Pharaoh was, he calls rebellion. This is no other than the common calumny that hath been cast upon the servants of God from the beginning of the world in all their endeavours and attempts for Reformation of Religion: Was it rebellion to stand to our defence, when in stead of an answer to all the earnest and reiterated supplications and desires of this Land against the corruptions of doctrine, worship, discipline, and government, we were invaded with an Army both by Sea and Land, that a yoke might be wreathed about our necks by oppression and violence? Not only had we the Lord's Word, and the practice of the reformed Churches abroad, and of our own Church at home in the days of our Fathers to justify us in this, but also the King himself, who upon information did retract the Declaration set forth against u●, and grant what we had desired.  
N●xt it is charge upon this Nation, that they did solicit a party in the kingdom of England to begin where they had left off, and that finding their rebel brood there beginning to lessen, They did, contrary to all Faith, Covenants, oaths, &c. enter with a strong Army the kingdom of England, persecute their Prince in a foreign Nation, and assist a company of stranger's rebels against their native King, &c. What was the grounds and first rise of the war betwixt the King and the Parliament of England, needs not now to be repeated, being so well known everywhere; But this Nat●on were so far from fomenting of the same, that for a long time they did mediate a peace; and so continued, until England by their earnest invitation, did for the preservation and Reformation of Religion, the honour and happiness of the King, the peace and good of these Kingdome●, crave their assistance against the Popish, prelatical and Malignant party then in arms, who were like to have destroyed all: For which end, when they had entered in a solemn League and Covenant with that Nation, as they did oblige themselves for the defence and preservation of his majesty's Person and just greatness and Authority in the defence and preservation of Religion, so they did never desist to solici● his Majesty for satisfaction to the just desires of both kingdoms, and were always, upon his majesty's granting of the same, willing to admit him to the exercise of his royal Power.  
Thirdly, It is alleged, that after all manner of assurances given to his Majesty before his coming to the Scottish army, notwithstanding of assurances, he was sold unto the English: But we are confident that albeit all the generation of Malignants of the three kingdoms have now for three years together filled this and the Nations abroad with the noise of such things, that yet to this day never any of them did, nor could bring any evidence of such assurance given, or such bargain made by this kingdom; nay such assurances were always refused, and when the King did cast himself upon the Scottish Army, this kingdom was so far from making any sale of him, that they did not condescend to leave him wit● his Subj●ct in England, until sufficient surety was given by both Houses of Parliament, concerning the safety and preservation of his majesty's Person. It is ●reat malice to say, that because the Scottish Army, about the time of al● Majes●ies living at Newcastle, did receive some part of those arrears due unto them for their painful & faithful service in England, that therefore this kingdom did ●ell their King; The arrears which were then received were due before the King came unto our Army, and in all probability had been more timously and cheerfully paid if he had not come thither at all.  
Fourthly, They are slandered as complotters of the King's destruction by secre● intercourses both before, in the time, and since his majesty's horrid murder: If those things be evident, why were not the proofs brought forth and produced before the world for convincing the authors and abetters thereof, and gaining credit to the cause of those that make so bold allegiance? The public endeavours and Testimonies of this Kirk and kingdom against the taking of his majesty's life, do sufficiently refute all such secret and private whisperings.  
Lastly, they are charged as robbers of the King, who now is of all right, because of their declaring him King wîth provisoes: But are these provisoes or conditions any other than such as have been in the time of his predecessors, and whereunto by the laws and constitutions of this kingdom he is obliged, and without which, Religion, and the peace of the kingdom cannot be secured.  
These, and the like slanders are made a ground of invitation unto the people of this Land to abandon the cause, and work of Reformation, and to rise in arms against the Parliament and kingdom, and join themselves with such Forces as that Monster of men, and his complices shall make use of for invading of this land; to which he labours to persuade a promise of pardon for what is past, and of his majesty's resolution to be ever ready to ratify, so soon as it shall please God to put it in his power, according to the advice of the supreme Judicatories of this kingdom, all what has been done by his royal Father, in order to our peace. Though we should be silent and say nothing, we are persuaded that there be none in the Land who has any regard to truth or righteousness, or in whom any sponk of the love of the Lord's work, or of this country does resid●, but as they abominate and abhor the very name of that excommunicate wretch, and think these lies worthy of no other entertainment than is to be allowed to the devices of the Father o● lies, unto whose hands he is delivered; so we are confident that they will d●●est and avoid all such desperate and wicked designs, attempted whither by him or by any other. Shall men, after so many solemn vows and promises before the Lord, and his hand lifted up so high in making plain before them, the way wherein they should walk, be so blind and base, as to be charmed into a most godless course against Religion and the blood of the Lord's people by the offer of a pardon, where there has been no transgression but a following of duty? Or shall any be cheated into delusion by a flourish of most ambiguous words of his majesty's resolution to be ever ready to ratify, so soon as it shall please God to put him in his power according to the advice of the supreme Judicatories of this kingdom, all what has been done by his royal Father in order to our peace? To say nothing, that the League and Covenant and the Union betwixt the kingdoms, and the whole work of Uniformity, is here cut off at one clap, though yet we trust that these things will be dearer to all the Lord's people in the Land, than their Estates or lives: The words are so empty and doubtful, as may suffer any interpretation men list to put upon them, and may consist with the utter undoing of all that has been done in this Land for asserting the purity of Religion, and the liberty of the Subject.  
His Majesty must first be put in power, before he engage himself to do any thing at all, and when in power, no obligation upon him, unless the supreme Judicatories of the kingdom sha●l so advise; neither is it determined what these judicatories are, whither his Majesty shall be obliged to follow the advice, and which is more strange, Religion is not so much as named in all the concession, but all is wrapped under the notion of these things which the King his royal Father granted in order to our peace: which may be so expounded as to take in things civil only that concern the peace of the kingdom, or at the best, insinuates the motive of all that his Majesty granted concerning Religion to this kingdom, to have been only a desire of peace, and not any thing in Religion itself, and so draws along with it a secret reflection upon the national Covenant, and all the work of God relating thereto, and concludes them alterable as the change may produce peace or war.  
We think we need not desire any man to consider what could be the case of Religion, and of all that love is in this Land, if it were in the power of that perfidious and proud Atheist, to model the supreme Judicatories of the kingdom according to his mind: he who hath so far forgotten his Covenant and Oath, in which he entered in so public and solemn a way, as to call all that is contained therein, and has flowed there from violent and most unjust desires, and the work of Reformation, from the beginning Rebellion, will not spare the overturning and destroying thereof, and the bringing back this poor Nation to the licking up of the vomit of prelacy, the ceremonies and the Service-Book, for making way to a fuller compliance with the Church of Rome: which we have the more cause to fear, for that the free excercise and full liberty of Popish Religion is granted by his Majesty to those bloody rebels in Ireland. To us it is above question, that as the alteration of Religion, and the establishing of an arbitrary and i● limited power for bringing the same about, was the design from the beginning, so that the same is still promoted by the Popish, prelatical, and Malignant party, and shall (if they prevail) be the fruit of their works.  
Therefore, as the Servants of the living God, we warn and obtest all the Lord's people throughout the Land, that as they would not draw on themselves the wrath of the most high God, by breach of Covenant and gross backslidings, that they do not harken to any such calumni●s and slanders; nor suffer themselves by the power thereof to be drawn from their steadfastness, or to give any connivance, let be countenance or assistance unto any who shall invade this kingdom, or raise war therein, under pretence of Commission from his Majesty, and putting him in the excercise of his royal power before satisfaction had from him, to the just and necessary desires of this Kirk and kingdom, concerning Religion and the Covenant. The late general Assembly, in their Declaration, did by many grave and undeniable reasons, demonstrate the unlawfulness and sinfulness of any such attempt; and it shall be now seasonable for any man, who doubts to make use of these things for satisfying his Judgement, and convincing him in the point of conscience, that he may not dash himself against the rock of the Lord's power, which shall certainly break in pieces all those that oppose themselves to his work, and lead forth with the workers of iniquity, all those that turn aside to their crooked ways.  
Albeit, the avenging hand of the most high, hath pursued and followed with vengeance, many of those who assisted that unnatural man in the shedding of the blood of his country, and that many of them have tasted of the bitter fruits both of civil and ecclesiastic censures, and that a temptation to so great a wickedness from such a one as James Grahame, seem to be so gross as may scare most of the Malignant party themselves, who yet continue in opposition to the work of God, let be those who have humbled themselves for their former compliances with evil courses, or have kept their integrity without swarving; yet it shall be the wisdom of all within the Land, to guard their hearts by prayer and supplication, and to arm themselves with the strength of the Lord against defection. Experience hath proven throughout all the tract of the word of God, that many hath fallen off from day to day, and that new trials have produced new discoveries of the hollowness of the hearts of some, concerning whom many did promise to themselves better things; none can be steadfast in the Covenant, but those, whose hearts are right with God: we wish therefore every man to search and try his ways, and as to repent of all his former provocations, so in the strength of the Mediator Jesus Christ, to study to walk with God, and to order his conversation aright; then may we be confident that the Lord shall establish us, and that no Weapon that is formed against us shall prosper, and that every Tongue that riseth against us in Judgement we shall condemn.  
A. Ker.   

He that shall look back but a few years, and shall consider what these two parties have done to and suffered by each other. And shall withal observe the present Style and Language exchanged between them, will easily believe the controversy such, the animosity so high, and the feved so deadly, as nothing but the extirpation of one party is like to end and put it out  
Unless that happy time were now ready to bless the world, when the wolf shall dwell with the lamb, and the Leopard lie down with the Kid; when none shall any more hurt or destroy in all the holy mountain of God, and the Earth become full of the knowledge of the Lord as the waters cover the Sea.  
But as it is, Montrosse is come into Scotland An incense Enemy, to the now governing party there, engaged against them by his own Declaration, from which he cannot recede with honour and reputation, to take up with less than full satisfaction, were to plead guilty to all their accusation.  
And he comes also provoked by this Declaration of theirs, wherein they have represented him (to the utmost power of Language) for such, as if they can hereafter take hands with him, there will be little reason to doubt, but (if Interest should require it) they can also make an agreement with Hell itself; for on this side THAT 'twill be hard to find any that may bear all those Titles and Attributions they have bestowed upon him.  
This Man comes amongst them to head a numerous discontented faction there. He comes Armed with the ple●ipotency of full Commissions from their King, of Generalissimo both by Sea and Land; signalised with marks of his special favour, in sending him lately from Jersey a little before his going thence the Order of the Garter, besides those Caresses in his late Letter to him published to the world.  
How little the governing party in Scotland hath gained upon their King, by all their addresses to him this year past both in Holland and at Jersey, is evident in his Letter to the Committee of Estates, sent by Libbertoun, which hath been also published.  
The greatest hope left them of him, is, that his Mother (who meets him at Beauv●is in his journey to Breda) will instill into him some of her maxims and Principles, that may divert him from Montrosse, and incline him to close with them; which if she should effect in four days, (which he is determined to stay there) or in eight, for so long it seems she would have the Conference hold for his be●ter instruction, (if their purses will bear it) it would be something strange, considering his known inclination to Montrosse, and perfect hatred of the other.  
If she do prevail, he is like to prove a blessed Instrument to promote or settle the Reformation of Religion they so solemnly hold out, when he shall be wrought to it by his Mother, and act upon her Principles, whose Religion is believed to be as far from theirs, as theirs from the Sectaries.  
It is a Riddle that the Queen his Mother should wish well to Presbytery. A little time will show us the effects of her counsels.  
If she prevail with him to desert Montrosse, whom he hath so entrusted, impowered, Caressed, and dignified, what assurance can he give the Scots, that he will not also desert them, when his or his mother's Interest shall require it, and he shall have power to do it.  
If he doth continue to carry on his designs by Montrosse, are not they in a sine condition the mean time, to suffer themselves to be rocked asleep by a Treaty, till Montrosse shall be able to march all over Scotland?  
But if it were but possible by some State magic to charm the enmity between Montrosse and the Scots, so as notwithstanding all the engagements, and provocations of these Declarations, they should yet unite in one, to settle their King, both among themselves, and also in these pretensions to England and Ireland; were it not rare juggling? and were they not a fine parcel of men for any people of this Nation to hold correspondency and Cabals withal? and to hope by them to be delivered, from the Images of their grievances drawn and multiplied in their fancies, by their causeless discontents.  
Have they not had experience of their former coming into this Nation for ALL OUR GOODS, and can any man believe after such juggling among themselves, they are ever like to keep faith with any others?  
If the the Conference at Beauvais, nor the Treaty at Breda, work neither of these rare effects, but that the King of Scotland, follow his own natural inclination to pursue his Interests, by Montrosse, Scotland will have work enough to do and cause them though (perhaps) not time enough repent them, that ever they espoused that quarrel which is like to prove so funest to their poor kingdom.    

This is licenced to be Printed by Matthew Simmons, together with the Declaration of Montrosse.  
Gualther FROST.