ERRATA. P. 15. l. 9 for Cilents r. Clients: p. 21. l. for Case r. Care: p. 26. l. 22. for Unna●… r. Connatural; p. 48. l. 20. for Unreasonable r. Unseasonableness. BRUTUS' Turned CRITICS, OR Mankind Moralised BY BEASTS. IN Sixty Satirical LETTERS Upon the Vices and Follies of our AGE. Written in Italian by Signiore Moscheni: And now done into English with some Improvements. — Quid rides? Mutato nomine de te Fabula Narratur. Hor. Sat. Primâ. London, Printed for Daniel Dring at the Harrow and Crown at the Corner of Cliffords-Inn-Lane in Fleetstreet, 1695. TO THO. COKE, Esq OF MELBOURN IN Darbyshire. SIR, MEn are now grown so universally jealous of what is offered 'em, that not so much as a Book can have any credit in the World without security. This humour, Sir, has drawn the trouble of this Address upon you. Not that I am so vain, as to expect you should Answer for my performance▪ but because I know the World will not venture absolutely to condemn, what you are pleased to Patronise. It is so customary for Writers to give great Encomiums of their Patrons, tho' never so ●…ndeserv'd, that it fre●…uently renders even a ●…ust Character suspected. ●…Tis true, most that have ●…f late appeared in Print, whether by Imprudence, or Design, have made choice of such Men, that the Author, and his Patron, look like two Bankrupts bound for one another. But, Sir, I am so far from apprehending any such Censure upon this occasion, that I doubt not, but even those th●… shall despise my Labo●… and condemn my Perfo●…mance, 'twill approve m●… choice of you, and a●…low of my Judgement. 〈◊〉 dare not, for two Re●…sons, attempt you●… Character; for if I di●… all that have the Honou●… to know you, would a●…cuse me of Deficiency and those that have not would suspect me of Flattery: Two faults, in my opinion, no less obvious than inexcusable. I am not Ignorant that Dedicators, like Lovers, are commonly expected to say fine things, without regard either to Reason, or Merit; but I am conscious, I speak to one, as much above Flattery, as beyond the reach of my Panegyric. The World may indeed justly wonder, to find at so few Years, such opposite Qualities reconciled; as the spirit, vigour, and warmth of Youth, with the self Command, Sagacity, and prudent caution of many Years Experience. I might very easily enlarge on a Subject so copious, and be Rhetorical without the help of Invention. But my Task must here be much harder; while I contract my Thoughts, for fear of a contradiction, scarce avoidable, which is, by saying at once too much and too little: Too much; to be credited by Strangers; and too little, to do you Justice. But to be more particular in your Character, were Impertinence, since you, like the Sun at Noon, need no description to be distinguished. This Piece is originally Italian. A Country, in all Ages, Celebrated, as much for the Wit of its Inhabitants, and the subtlety and delicacy of their Imaginations, whose spirits seem to be refined by the very Air they breath in, as its Ancient Conquests, or the present Fertility, Salubrity, and Pleasure of its Soil and Climate. But why do I thus presume to talk to you of Italy or its People? Who, besides your natural Advantages, are so much the better Judge, by having been an Honour to your own Country in theirs, and are so well known to, and admired by 'em. The Design of this Book is very good; and had it been as fortunate●…y Executed, as it was well projected, I see no rea●…on why it should have been Inferior to any of the Mythologies of An●…iquity, or latter Ages. But to deal ingenuously, in my opinion, the Author has not been so happy in the Conduct of his Design, as in the Invention of it. But he has this, for his excuse, that it was writ above twenty Years since. Nevertheless, the judicious Reader, will meet with a grea●… many prettynesses, to recompense his Curiosity, and here, and there Strong, Sound, and manly satire. Nay, he wil●… every where, find the true Spirit, and delicacy of an Italian; enough to recommend it to our Language, and Perusal. I should say something, now for my own performance, but that I'll leave ●…o the Censure of others, who will be sure to judge for themselves, as it is but reasonable they should. I can only add, that I have endeavoured to correct some Faults in the Original, as much as was consistent with the Expedition designed; and where there were none, I have done my best to do the Author Justice. As for the Reception it is like to have in the World, I am little sollic●…tous about it, and valu●… no Man's Censure, Your only excepted, any farther than it may prejudice an honest Book seller who has endeavoured in this Translation, to humour the Novelty hunters of the Age For on his profit depends my chiefest satisfa●…on; unless it be in pleasing, and being approved of by you, the severity of whose Judgement, I cannot but apprehend and fear, notwithstanding the greatness of your Native Candour. Yet I hope you'll let my Respect atone for the meanness of my Abilities; and Excuse, as well the Failures, as the Presumption of him, that will be proud to submit to your Censure, and no less to Subscribe, SIR, Your Most Humble and Devoted Servant, JO. SAVAGE. THE Author's Dedication TO THE ACADEMY OF THE CURIOUS. Gentlemen, THat Beasts have spoken is not my Invention, but appears by the accounts of many Authors, amongst whom Co●…nelius Gemma in 〈◊〉 first Book De Divin●… Naturae Characteristmi●… and the 8 th' Chapte●…. writes thus, Bruta qu●…dem aliquando huma●… voce profari, ac futura pra●… dicere, certum est. I●… primis exempla Asinae B●…laam. Plinius locutum ga●…lum gallinaceum dixit A●… urbis conditae DCLXX w●… Eusebius bovem in subu●…biis Romae paulò ant●… Tullii mortem frustra s●… urgenti, dicentem, quod ●…on frumenta, sed Homi●…es essent propé diem de ●…turi A o. urbis DCCX. ●…nd in this Age, Father ●…oseph a Carmelite of St. Mary's, and barefooted Apo●…le to the Kingdoms of the Malauris, in his first Expe●…ition to the East-Indies, ●…ives you an account of the Properties of many Terre●…rial, and Volatile Animals, ●…nd amongst the rest affirms, That the Kings-Fishers in ●…hose parts spoke so well that he himself at first believ●… 'em to have been Boys. A●… moreover, that Beasts ha●… writ, Horo in his fourteen●… Hieroglyphic and first Bo●… relates in these words: E●… apud Aegyptios natio qu●…dam & genus Cynoceph●… lorum qui literas norù●… Quapropter ubi primù●… in sacram Aedem ductu●… fuerit Cynocephalus ta●… bellam ei sacerdos Apponit, unà cum scirpeo stile atque attramento, nimirum, ut periculum faciat sitne ex eo Cynocepha●…orum genere qui litera●●●gnari sunt, & an lit●…eras pingat; pingit itaque ●…n eâ tabella litteras etc. But now because to some of the wisest Critics, it may seem ridiculous for me farther to affirm that Beasts are capable of Titles; I shall give you an example of a Dog, who hearing himself called Sir, immediately forgot his natural Fierceness. 'Tis related by Justus Lipsius, (an Author of undoubted Reputation) in the first Ce●…tury of his Epistles A Belgas, Ep. 45. in these word Memini historiolae facet cui Author Petrus Cieca ait se cum aliquot sodal●…bus egressum ad Indo vestigandos. Canem cemitem habuisse ad ist longo usu doctum: Ecc●… Femina vetula appare●… fugit in montes, canis a●… sequitur, & jam praehendebat; illa in genua se ab jicit, canem Dominum appellat, & blande orat●… ac paenè adorat. Ille pla●…tus an contemnens crus ●…llit & foeminam illam ●…ermingit atque sic abiit. When therefore Beasts ●…oke, they also made use of ●…e Post reciprocally to com●…unicate their thoughts and ●…terests, and writ a great●… any Letters, which if they ●…ad been all Printed they ●…ould undoubtedly have ex●…eded the number of those of ●…e like Nature, which now●…days so unreasonably stuff Libraries. Now I having recove●… these few from the hands Time, with a great deal pains, and industry, do pres●… to Dedicate 'em to you Gentlemen of the Academy of Curious, rather than 〈◊〉 single great Man. But would not have you persw●… yourselves that they 〈◊〉 those that Ferrante Pa●…vicino promised to the le●…ned World so long time si●… for his ingenious Pen wo●… disdain to be employed ab●… such mean Compositions. And now if to any of you, ●…rs, the stile seems low and ●…ean, I must desire you to ●…member they are Letters, ●…d therefore writ to immi●…te common Discourse, and ●…pply the defects of Absence. ●…lso that they were the Works 〈◊〉 Beasts, and writ at a time ●…en there was no ●…eve to be found to ●…parate the Flower from the ●…ran. Academia della Crusca. Accept therefore I beseech 〈◊〉, of my humble Acknow●…dgments in this poor present, which deserves at le●… some Mercy, tho' it be w●…thy of no Praise, since it Dedicated to your Mer●… And I promise your Curi●…tyships, if you can give 〈◊〉 any Encouragement, a Tr●…tise of something more pr●…table and pleasant. In 〈◊〉 mean time, live healthy a●… happy, and pardon me, if y●… can, since I am but lit●… Charge to you. Your Curiosityships' Most Humble and Faithful Serva●… CARLO MOSCHE●… Ad Dom. Advocatum. Carolum Moschenum. ●…cademicum Apatistam Florentiae, Incultum Calii, Argonautam & Anhelantem Anconae, qui in commune hominum bonum Librum scripsit, quo Mutuis Belluarum Coloquiis nostrae Aetatis vitia perstringit. QUI poteras Mortale genus dediscere culpam, ●…t gerere ingenti libera colla jugo? Dum sibi saevus Amor ferri dulce & Auri Dira fames, quae cor urit, Amica p●…cet: Nec quicquam retegit Phanacen C●…ronis Alumnus, Cui magis in placito vulnere vulo hiat. Ast aperis, Moschene, novam sceleta per artem, Vulnera sic mores posse valere p●…tas. Namque perhorrescant vitiosum monstra nocentem Mortales, fari haec praecipis ipse ris. Militis illa dolet pinguescere sangu●… campos. Haec auri nimiam damnat Ava●…tiam. Quid juvat ista clamat ad nubes co●…crescere moles Auratisque Sali Puppibus ire V●…dis? Heu nimium nostri temeraria tempo●…aetas! Cum Themidi nulla est libera in orbe Domus. 〈◊〉 fert Moschenus vitiorum phar●…macha pesti. ●…que homines valeant Bruta docere ●…jubet. J. Tarqvinius Galluccius, J. V. D. Ad Dominum Car. Moschenum, Egregios Libros edente●… QUàm tibi facundum finxit The●… aurea pectus, Carole, quam Pitho dulcior 〈◊〉 sedet? Ecce salis multo sinis excudisse 〈◊〉 bellos, Moribus & populos expoliisse no●… Non te felle mades Satyrorum, at●…que veneno, At stringis levibus crimina nost●… jocis. 〈◊〉 tibi flagitium moderato inspergere aceto: ●…rpere te Vitium, non lacerare, juvat. ●…àm cupit Argutos Orbis legisse libellos? ●…gibus ô quam se sentiet ire tuis? Decus Anconae foelix I, si unicus Urbis ●…eliciae fueras, nunc eris Orbis Amor. E. B. Ad Eundem. QUam mirum mutare ●…ros, inflare loquelam. Daemonis est Primum, h●… dixeris esse Dei. J. D Alla Memoria Del Signiore Moscheni, Non meno Curioso che Savio Autore di questo Libretto. A Richiesta del Traduttore. OPortenti del Bosco! Alta virtude Da Macchiata Pantera oggi SH' apprende: Altri concetti altri ululati intend; Sola disposta all predicar' salute. Hor nelle self taciturne è Mute, La fera più feroce il ver' comprende; E col Lyceo la Selva oggis contend, Fat le Belue ne' dettami argute. Per valor' del Moscheni, i sensi mici Amano i Mostri, e di miglior fetuna Asili son l' Inospiti pendici. Scuola il Bosco; e precetti e no●… aduna; Fatti saggie le Belue e Oratrici; Il Mastino non più latra alla Lu●… A. F. Bartoli●… Fiorenti●… A Londrà. Ad Candidum ●…ordaces in Vitia Hominum Pecudes ex Ita●…ico Sermone in Anglicum elegantissimè reddentem. ●…Rte nouâ Pecudes docui●● verba conari ●…nglica: Nec Pecus es, ut videare Pecus. ●…rpis enim Mores, meliùs Sapientibus ipsis; 〈◊〉 meritò Octavus, Candide, tu Sophus es. A. Boyer. In Authoris Laudem EXcolit eximiâ Fera mentem 〈◊〉 guta joquelâ Humanam, ut pudeat vivere 〈◊〉 Ferae: Quae Cato, quae nescit Ciceronis 〈◊〉 da Movere Corda, loquax moveat, Simia, Tig●… Equus. Non ●●ensus onerat, Lepus, Ag●… Cerva, Capella: Sed pascit sanis pectora nostra ci●●● Jo. Hutchinson. M●… To his very Ingenious Friend, on the occasion of his Translation, and Improvements of Letters of Beasts from the Italian. WHat Counter-charm, what magic's this, That can such wondrous fears perform, Perverting Nature, and their bliss; Can to Man's Image, Brutes deform? Thrice happy Brutes! in native St●… Ambition, nor no foolish cause, That us inflame, can raise your hat●… That live and act by Nature's L●… Content within the Bounds she sets, You only for her wants provide; And scorning Luxury or Treats, With Bellies full are satisfied. The sole Buffoon of all your kind Active, mischievous, foolish, vai●… The Ape, is likest us designed, In Nature's migniature a Man. Men have mistaken Circe's charm; By Wisdom she so won the Mind, She could men's uncouth Lusts disarm, And their unruly Passions bind. B●… more surprising Art you show, Anti- Circean charms entice; 〈◊〉 native Innocence overthrow, And debauch Brutes with human Vice. ●…s from thee, Italy, we bring, The artful mistress of all Vice; ●…s just the Medicine there should spring, From whence the malady had rise. ●…re to thy skilful Pains we own, Whose learned Pen to form has brought ●…e Wit, which (tho' it there did grow) Came undigested and unwrought. ●…t Men their follies thou dost show, Which they in Beasts reproved can hear, ●…nd on their Backs corrected know, What on their own they ought to bear. Thy Rival Power and Nature's Vi●… Since thou in Brutus' controul'st thus, Once more, Great Vertuoso, try, Transfuse their Innocence to us. J. Dra●… TO THE ●…INGENIOUS ●…RANSLATOR. ●…F British Ornaments can add such grace, ●…d make so lovely an Italian face; ●…en we may judge, if we with the●… compare, ●…at all our English Natives, Bounties are. 'Tis sure, 〈◊〉 Country beasts a Ric●…er Soil, ●…r learning's product, than our fertile Isle; ●…nd tho' some times we borrow, or make use ●…f what the Learned in other Climbs produce. We still repay, what's more than fit, And only lose, by this Commer●… Wit: Such Foreign Authors, as we 〈◊〉 to Paint In English Colours, no Improve●… want. But in the same Majestic form pear, And full as charming as before were: Witness this piece, in such a 〈◊〉 arrayed; As courts the Mind, and does the persuade. The first design, was great; seemed to show It's perfect Glory, was reserved now: A Noonday brightness, does that s●… adorn, Which was at first, but painted by Morn. 'Tis you (Sir) only, who could with success, ●…nsform this Tract, and make the Fables please, ●…e depth of Language; and of Foreign Style: ●…y rack the Mind, and still our hopes beguile. ●…t you, who know th' Hetrurian Tongue so well; ●…n Copy best, and in that Art excel: ●…ere we may find the weighty Oar improved; ●…e Bullion purged, and all the Dross removed. ●…ue, sterling Wit; without the Tinsel grace 〈◊〉 praevious Periods; or of needless Phrase: ●…ow eloquent each Letter does appear, ●…nd yet the Saytr is not less severe! ●…n even judgement, does the Sense control; ●…nd flowing sweetness, beautifies the whole: Ah! that you would proceed to 〈◊〉 know, What we, to you, and Italy shall 〈◊〉 And make a farther progress to ●…plore The wealth of Latium, and detect store: By this one favour, we shall more ●…pect; And wish we might a greater debt ●…tract. Like Bankrupts, who in ●…tune Poor; Still run in debt, and still would bor●… more: Tho' without hopes, to quit their for●… Score. W. Do●… To his Ingenious Friend the Translator. MAny have been, and are th' attempts in vain, ●…nkind from their loved vices to restrain: ●…n, deadly Satyrs daily come abroad; 〈◊〉 we still Gallop on in the old Road. ●…m's still a Miser, Jack an amorous Ass; ●…d I still swallow the last murdering Glass. ●…cian, nor Rabelais, nor Moscheni, ●…et ●…r our ill manners can a conquest get. ●…structive Beasts, here now Divinely teach, ●…hat few Men practice, tho' some seem to Preach. Disgrace to Reason! shame to all 〈◊〉 kind! Who here their faults condemned Beasts may find! Happy (my Friend!) were th' ●…lish, happy you! If this Translation might our vice 〈◊〉 due: If this might make (which nothing 〈◊〉 before Tom Generous, and our Friend 〈◊〉 leave his Wh— For my part, I declare, I'll try at lo●… To go to bed as sober as a Beast. Alex. Ol●… To his Ingenious Friend, on his Translation of Moscheni. PErmit, my Muse, in humble lays to tell, What to thy Author, and to thee is due; ●…ow this Translation doth the Work excel, Yet to th' Original, how just, how true. ●…r thou, as Titian and Vandyke hast shown, Such strokes improved, and yet so really like, ●…hat none but thee, could have this Work outdone, Had any hand but thine have dared to strike. Yet tho' Meek Virtue values no 〈◊〉 plause, But an assurance of her doing well Sure, I should forfeit all true frie●…ships Laws, Should I read this and not t●… praise reveal. Thus King's are forced to hear t●… boundless fame, Sound from th' admiring Poor well as great, All truly pleased, thou hast revived 〈◊〉 Name; And placed thy own in an Immor●… Seat. Edw. Ha●… THE TABLE. LETTER I. UPon Physic. The Leopard to the Rhinoceros. page 1 LET. II. ●…he Same. ●…he Rhinoceros' Answer. p. 5 LET. III. ●…pon the Law. ●…he Cat to the Ass. p. 7 LET. IV. ●…pon the Same. ●…he Ass' Answer. p. 9 LET. V. Upon Trade. The Ant to the Toad. p. ●… LET. VI A General satire. The Toad's Answer. p. ●… LET. VII. On the Prodigal. The Goat to the Pig. p. ●… LET. VIII. The Same. The Pig's Answer. p. 2●… LET. IX. Upon Justice. The Ferret to the Squirrel. p. 2●… LET. X. The Same. The Squirrel's Answer. p. 2●… LET. XI. Upon Baylies. The Camel to the Spaniel. p. 2●… LET. XII. Upon Honour. The Spaniell's Answer. p. 2●… LET. XIII. ●…pon Preferment. ●…he Panther to the Tiger. p. 32 LET. XIV. ●…he Same. ●…he Tygre's Answer. p. 36 LET. XV. ●…pon Historians ●…he Dragon to the Badger. p. 38 LET. XVI. ●…he Same. ●…he Badger's Answer. p. 40 LET. XVII. ●…pon Hypocrites. ●…he Wolf to the Porcupine. p. 44 LET. XVIII. ●…pon News. ●…he Porcupine's Answer. p. 47 LET. XIX. ●…pon Poetry. ●…he Sheep to the Lamb. p. 54 LET. XX. ●…pon the Mode. ●…he Lamb's Answer. p. 56 LET. XXI. Upon Musicians. The Buck to the Goat. p. ●… LET. XXII. The Same. The Goat's Answer. p. ●… LET. XXIII. Upon Detraction. The Hyena to the Dog. p. ●… LET. XXIV. The Same. The Dog's Answer. p. ●… LET. XXV. Upon Courtiers. The Chameleon to the wild Boar. p. ●… LET. XXVI. The Same. The wild Boar's Answer. p. ●… LET. XXVII. Upon Idleness. The Unicorn to the Elk. p. ●… LET. XXVIII. The Same. The Elk's Answer. p. ●… LET. XXIX. Upon Favourites. ●…he Ape to the Fox. p. 80 LET. XXX. Upon Ambition. The Fox's Answer. p. 86 LET. XXXI. Upon Ingratitude. The Dog to the Horse. p. 88 LET. XXXII. The Same. ●…he Horse's Answer. p. 91 LET. XXXIII. Upon Imprudence. ●…he Stag to the Wolf. p. 93 LET. XXXIV. The Same. The Wolf's Answer. p. 94 LET. XXXV. A General satire. The Viper to the Tortoise. p. 96 LET. XXXVI. Upon Presents. The Tortoise's Answer. p. 99 LET. XXXVII. Upon Fairs. The Lizard to the Scorpion. p. ●… LET. XXXVIII. Upon Eunuches. The Scorpion's Answer. p. 1●… LET. XXXIX. Upon Governors. The Elephant to the Stellion. p. 1●… LET. XL. The Same, etc. The Stellion's Answer. p. 1●… LET. XLI. Upon Critics. The Hedgehog to the Coney. p. 1●… LET. XLII. The Same. The Coney's Answer. p. 11●… LET. XLIII. Upon Upstarts. The Adder to the Hare. p. 11●… LET. XLIV. The Same. The Hare's Answer. p. 11●… LET. XLV. ●…pon Travel. ●●e Kid to the Hee-Goat. p. 122 LET. XLVI. ●…he Same. ●…he Hee-Goat's Answer. p. 126 LET. XLVII. ●…pon Impotence. ●…he Bull to the Buffalo. p. 129 LET. XLVIII. ●…pon Marriage. ●…he Buffalo's Answer. p. 130 LET. XLIX. ●…pon Monopolising. ●…he Wolf to the Otter. p. 133 LET. L. ●…pon Titles. ●…he Otter's Answer. p. 137 LET. LI. ●…on Heraldry. ●…he Bear to the Red-Deer. p. 141 LET. LII. ●…on Orthography. ●●e Red-Deer's Answer. p. 144 LET. LIII. Upon Courtesans. The Ape to the Monkey. p. 1●… LET. LIV. Upon Politics. The Monkey's Answer. p. 1●… LET. LV. Upon Dogmatists. The Musk-Cat to the Linx. p. 1●… LET. LVI. Upon Licensers. The Linx's Answer. p. 1●… LET. LVII. Upon Treachery. The Ermine to the Weasel. p. 1●… LET. LVIII. The Same. The Weesel's Answer. p. 16●… LETTER LIX. ●…on Servants. ●…e Bear to the Civet-cat. p. 161 LETTER LX. ●…on the same. ●…e Civit-Cat's Answer. p. 164 LETTER I. Upon Physic. ●…he Leopard to the Rhinoceros. I Address myself to your Honour, not to justify any Error, because I know I am guilty of none; but prevent the Calumnies of Evil-●…inded people from wounding my ●…eputation. My Enemies accuse me ●…s I hear from my friends) of taking ●…pon me the Practice of a Physician, ●…d for presuming to get an easy pe●…y of the people of Alessano, Metro●…olis of Lucadia. I call it an easy ●…enny; for if I were to choose a thousand times, I could not hit upon advantageous a Calling. For wh●… as before, being reputed (what I 〈◊〉 still under another Title,) I was 〈◊〉 and anon accused of Murders c●…mitted in the Forests, tho' at the 〈◊〉 time I were never so innocent; w●… made me always upon my Gua●… and careful not to fall into t●… Snares, so that I were never al●… free from Fatigue and Vexation. 〈◊〉 now by means of this Blessed A●… am delivered from such Fears. 〈◊〉 if any of my Patients through my M●… chance to die (without being a●● of the Laws) I defend myself 〈◊〉 my Ignorance with affirming 〈◊〉 transgressed my prescriptions: Someti●… I blame the weakness of their Co●…tutions, sometimes the use of W●… and in short every smallest Irregu●…ty which commonly signified 〈◊〉 little to the Distemper. Now by t●… means I am not only free from ●●nishment, but in the greatest li●●hood in the World to get a great state; for over and above my Com●…on Fee, if my Patient recovers he ●…wards me plentifully; and if he dies ●…s Heir is seldom ungrateful for the ●…nefit he has received. And now ●●cause every one ought to support his profession with Common Decorum, tho' it were never so easy for me to ●●cover any one, with the meanest ●…erb that grows in the Field; yet, ●…r the honour of Physic, I am forbid 〈◊〉 do it; but, on the contrary, am ●…blig'd to stuff my Recipes with extravagant and unpalatable Names. ●…oreover, for the farther Glory of ●…hysick, at my first Visit I always ●…ighten the Patient and his Friends, ●…ith my Opinion, That he is a dead ●…an; and, to give the greater Credit 〈◊〉 what I say, I order Medicines ●●rong enough for an Horse, and con●●ne him to a rigorous Diet. I beg ●…our Honour to be farther satisfied of ●…y Reasons. When I writ a Recipe, 〈◊〉 always order abundantly more than 〈◊〉 necessary, because by the Apothecary's Gain my Wealth is encreas●… for he commonly considers how m●… I have been his Friend. Now by t●… Art I rob the Purse of its Soul, a●… the Body oftentimes of its Breath. 〈◊〉 it not therefore seem unlawful to y●● Honour, because it may appear to rather the effect of Avarice and Vi●…ny, than Charity; for it is an all●…ed Maxim in the Mouths of all M●… Quod Galenus that Opens: And if we 〈◊〉 denied the Means, how can we m●… the Saying good? I humbly int●… therefore your often approved Generosity, to represent favourably to 〈◊〉 Majesty these my Reasons, that o●… men's Envy may not unjustly t●… place of my Innocence; whilst I s●… long for all Occasions of acknowledgements, and expressing myself Yo●… etc. LETTER II. The Rhinoceros his Answer. Upon the same. SIR, HIS Majesty the Lion, has commanded me to signify to you, ●…hat having had your Reasons in ma●…re Consideration, they have been ●…und very advantageous to your ●…ame and Profession: For the Censors ●●ving examined 'em strictly, and be●…g satisfied of their Worth and Vali●…ty, have reported to his Majesty, ●●at a Physician is no less necessary in Commonwealth, than a Soldier; and ●●at the Invention of Money is very ●…equisite for both their encouragements; for as the one with his Ignorance, the other might with his Sword ●…eep the Provinces moderately peo●…led, that there might be neither dan●…er of Rebellion, or Subjects starving for want of Bread. And because 〈◊〉 oftentimes Poverty raises Tumults, is permitted the Physician to kill wh●… and as many as he pleases, and 〈◊〉 Soldier to Dragoon and Cut throats often as he can. Proceed theref●… cheerfully in the Profession you h●… begun; and, for your farther Licen●… His Majesty has been pleased to gr●… you his Letters-Patents, with 〈◊〉 Power and Authority, command all Magistrates, Chief Physicians, 〈◊〉 Superintendants of Health, that t●… do not presume to molest you in 〈◊〉 least; but on the contrary, to be ●…ing and assisting you as often as th●… should be found occasion. But y●… must remember notwithstanding, t●… you are not allowed to exact up●… your Patients; for tho' his Majesty pleased to wink at Murder, yet 〈◊〉 will not forgive you any Extorti●… for that being only reserved to 〈◊〉 Public Collectors, it will not be c●…venient to suffer it to be practi●… by any others. Observe this, 〈◊〉 you'll oblige yourself and your ●…riend, etc. LETTER III. The Cat to the Ass. Upon the Law. SIR, THE Bearer of this is my Client, who has been so suf●…ciently influenced by my Inclinations 〈◊〉 serve you, that he has offered himself to be recommended to you for ●…dvice. He has been in Law a great ●…hile; and his Suit has been unmercifully followed by me ever since: ●…ut at length finding that his Case ●…equired the Assistance of some more ●…earned and Able Advocate, I thought 〈◊〉 could not do him better Service, than ●…o send him to you; by whom the Me●…its of his Cause being better understood, might be the more judiciously handled. I have bubbled him as lo●… as ever I could; yet I don't think 〈◊〉 has had any reason to complain: 〈◊〉 at the same time that I have set 〈◊〉 Night and Day, and worn out 〈◊〉 very Nails, to bring his Cause to 〈◊〉 Trial, I have not neglected to light his Purse, that he might be the mo●… nimble in the Hall in its prosecutio●… After this manner I have hones●… done my best Endeavours to perso●… the part of a good Attorney. 〈◊〉 pleased to accept therefore of this 〈◊〉 good Will, since it has no other c●… than your Riches and Honour. T●● Gentleman has a good Estate and a ●…lerable Understanding, so that I m●… safely leave him to the rest of 〈◊〉 Apology. I do not mention any father Instances, because I am satisfy●… of your Generosity; but with a du●…ful Acknowledgement of your ma●… Obligations, subscribe, etc. LETTER IU. The Ass' Answer. Upon the same. SIR, I Have accepted your good will towards me in sending a rich Client with a great deal of Acknowledgement; and I'll assure you I shall endeavour not to seem ungrateful, by ta●…ing the greater care of his Cause. And ●…ho ' some People take me for an Ass, ●…ecause I am a mere Lawyer; yet I ●…hall give 'em to understand that they ●…re deceived, tho' they will be still ●…ailing at the Noble Study of the Digests and Codes, as being too laborious ●…nd confused, and always preferring ●…heir lose idle Arts of Poetry and Pe●…antry. Be pleased therefore to know that in byassing a Judge, I boast a singular Talon; for I can so confound a Cause with subtle persuasions, that it shall be impossible for any one 〈◊〉 find out the Truth; and then I am 〈◊〉 great a Master of the Art of Wranglin●… that I can split one Action into a tho●…sand, and so oblige my Clients to 〈◊〉 manifold Acknowledgements of m●… Trouble, and consequently to as numerous Fees. In short, my Clie●… never goes from me unsatisfied: Fo●… if my Adversary be never so able, an●… put me often to a seeming Non-plu●… yet I have always some trick in reserv●… to baffle his Argument, so that I oftentimes make him say what he neve●… meant or thought of. And moreove●… if our Cause happen to come before a●… ignorant Judge, as it may very ofte●… do, few now a-days giving themselve●… the trouble to study much; then yo●… may be assured the Victory will be●… ours; for my Arguments have alway●… most Energy upon them. And now before I prepare myself for you●… Friend's defence, I must acquaint you shall shear his Hide well, and that you must not take it ill if I should make bold sometimes with a piece of his skin; for if any Profession deserves a Reward, surely that of an Advocate ought to be the most sensible. I am of Opinion therefore, that of all the Tyrannical Laws of Nero, that was the severest, which commands, causarum Patroni sine Mercede aut Muneribus causis adessent, related by Ma●…ichio in Tract. de Arbitr. Jud. Lib. 2. Cent. 4. Cons. 369. Nu. 2. For if he had been acquainted with that Saying of Lipsius in his 52 Epistle, and 2 Century, Quod dii bona laboribus vendunt, I believe he never would have promulgated so barbarous a Law; moreover the reason why we are so well paid for our Pleading (and which the Ignorant Vulgar affords no better name to than Robbery and Extortion) ●…s founded upon the highest Equity imaginable, for if we scarce have ever a Minute's rest and are always wasting our Brains upon Books for another's profit; why should not their Purses evaporate ●…heir Substance for our refreshment. But now I promise you upon the Wo●● of a Man of Honour and Conscienc●… that your Client's Cause shall be first di●…spatch'd, and that speedily; for I kno●… very well that a good Advocate Deb●… studere brevitati & non disputationib●… & truffis, which many now a-days do as we are taught by Paris de Puteo i●… suo tractatu de syndicatu in verbo Advocati. Therefore being naturally a●… Enemy to long Discourses and Arguments, I can the easier confess, I thin●… Contradictions and Disputes fit for nothing else but to conceal Truth, an●… Oppress ones Neighbour: Whereupo●… I am content to follow the Precepts o●… our Great Master Justinian, who i●… Authen. de Referendariis, teaches 〈◊〉 Quod virtus in modicis consistit. Whe●… these prating Fellows do but frighte●… their Clients, and confound the Judge and so gain little or nothing by th●… Bargain: If you can therefore follow these my Sentiments, you'll certainly find 'em profitable and weighty 〈◊〉 whilst I hearty subscribe my sel●… Your Wellwisher and Friend, etc. LETTER V The Ant to the Toad. Upon Trade. SIR, I Am so far convinced of your Friendship, that I dare recommend my ●…elf to your service, for having lately ●…nderstood you have opened a rich and ●…plendid Shop, where of necessity you ●…ust have occasion for a great many ●…lands, I was Ambitious amongst the ●…est to beg you would make use of ●…ine, humbly presuming myself so ●…r qualified for a Journeyman, as it ●…ay be granted that one who has ●…ade it his business his whole Life, is ●…ble to bring a weak Argument to a ●…ood end. And I will do myself this ●…ustice to say, That with with good words I can patch up a Broken A●… as well as any nimble-tongued Fel●… of 'em all, be it never so despe●… Believe me, Sir, the first Word ●… I spoke in my life, was a Ly●… And you know a Lie well placed a spoke to the purpose never deser●… blame if it Succeed, and that it is ve●… often capable of setting a lame M●… upon his Legs again. And besid●… that, I Kick and Cuff every body have a Face so brazen as not to be d●…couraged tho' I am convinced to be the wrong, for then my Impudent is greatest, when my Argument is w●…kest, for I can so wind 'em, and tu●… 'em, and baffle 'em, and run ' e●… down; that with the least Motion my hand I can make 'em of m●… mind, though they are never so much e●…clin'd to the contrary. In short if ye please to send me a list of your Good you shall have no reason to doubt 〈◊〉 my Managing the Buyers; This I promise you upon my word, and because by this time I believe you are sufficiently acquainted with my Qualifica●●ons, I shall trouble you with no ●…ore, but kiss Your Hands, and so ●…bscribe, etc. LETTER VI The Toad's Answer. A General satire. SIR, Received your Letter, and am so far resolved to comply with your ●●sires as to send you a list of my ●…oods: In the first place I have a great ●…antity of Quilting for their Use, that 〈◊〉 unreasonably stuff Discourses and ●…g Ballads. 2. Fine Pencils for Law●…rs that mind nothing else but whee●…ing their simple Cilents with good ●…ords, and bad Deeds, painting to ●…n the Light by Darkness, and Darkness by Light. 3. A great number of ●…asks for those Judges that would palliate their Injustice, and appear Court double-faced to deceive the Ignorant and trepan the Cunning. 4. So●… thousands of hopping Monkeys, 〈◊〉 those that having read S— is Rhim●… and D— y's Reasons, have had imm●…diately a mind by the help of th●… counterpoise to dance upon the Ro●● of Poetry, and take away the La●…rel from deathless Dryden's Bro●● 5. A great many Bolognia wash-b●… to scour their hands that have fully 'em, by stealing other men's Wo●… and then publicly selling them 〈◊〉 their own. 6. Some hundreds 〈◊〉 shears for those Blockheads, who sca●… knowing how to distinguish A from yet impudently undertake to ●… upon an Authors Back whe●…ever any of his Works come into the hands. 7. A few of Galilaeus' Tu●… which representing things the small and most distant; for great and near, a●… proper for Courtiers, who believe the●…selves possessed of Honours whilst th●… are only Infamies and dangerous P●…cipices, which oftentimes turn to their ●…in. 8. Abundance of Horse bits for ●…ose Libertines that licentiously carp 〈◊〉 Princes, and industriously endea●…our to expose their Follies, whilst they ●●nnot conceal their own. 9 A great ●…any Fans to cool those angry Men ●…ith, who will be continually reven●…ng themselves upon Flies for sucking ●…heir sour blood. 10. Some guilded ●…orns for Cuckolds, who not only ●…ive way to their Wife's debaucheries, ●…ut think themselves the more honou●…ed; and never cease to laugh at common Courtesans, because they imagine ●…heir shame is less apparent. 11. Some ●…ots of Conserve of Juniper, to com●…rt the Heart and clear the Brain from ●…ull and gloomy Vapours: Also to help the digestion of some certain Go●…ernours and Dry-Heads who never ●…pplaud any but their own Opinions. ●…2. Some few Barrels of certain little ●…irds of Cyprus, pickled in Vinegar to ●…romote the Appetites of some squea●…nish people, who are not able to relish any thing but what comes from 〈◊〉 and feed only upon Wafers made 〈◊〉 Bran, and refuse all other dainties, 〈◊〉 they never so delicate. 13. Go●… quantity of Rhubarb to Purge aw●… the Yellows from those brazen-fa●… People that never blush, but mainta●… their impertinencies with the sa●… countenances they uttered 'em. 〈◊〉 don't send you any Account of 〈◊〉 , but I can assure you, that 〈◊〉 yourself, or any of your Friend's ha●… occasion, they may be fitted with 〈◊〉 Degrees at my Shop; make me the●…fore sensible of the reality of your pr●…mises, and you shall find me grateful●… Yours, etc. LETTER VII. The Goat to the Pig. On the Prodigal. I Know (Sir,) your Agonies for the death of your Father, cannot ●…e well mitigated with Ink, because ●…hey are too intense, nevertheless my ●…eart that is willing to express your ●…fflictions, communicates these dolo●…ous Drops to my Pen, that I may ac●…uaint you with my concern rather ●…han Administer any Comfort to your Troubles: Let it be notwithstanding ●…ome relief to you to consider that all ●…iving Creatures are subject to Death, ●…nd also that you are left sole Heir ●…o an opulent Patrimony, there being ●…one to divide with you those Acorns which before you could not call your own. I am not a little pleased to find you so full of dutiful demonstrations of Love towards him that gave you your Being? And not like some p●…fligate Sons, that rather rejoice th●… mourn at their Father's Funeral Whilst they propose to themselve●… lose idle Life and a ridiculous plased of spending all they have. Dispose yo●… self therefore to continue in the p●…dent course you have begun, and 〈◊〉 pleased to make use of me as often 〈◊〉 you shall find occasion. So wishing y●… all prosperity, I subscribe, etc. LETTER VIII. The Pig's Answer. Upon the Same. YOur Generous concern for t●… loss of my Dear and Loving F●…ther, obliges me but to an humble r●…turn of thanks for it is altogether o●… of my Power to gratify your Advi●… at full, since it has put a stop to m●… Sorrows, and dried up all my Tea●… ●…or having made an exact reflection ●…pon your Words, I have been resolved ●…r the future to lead a serene and quiet ●…fe, since you have sufficiently satis●…'d me it is not in the Power of tears 〈◊〉 recall an expired Breath. 'Tis true, ●…y Patrimony is opulent; so great per●…aps, that it makes me rather the ob●…ct of Envy than Love: Neverthe●…ess, I am resolved to enjoy myself and ●…end with pleasure what he has heaped ●…ogether with so much Toil and La●…our. I consider he was in years, and 〈◊〉 a violent Death had not prevented ●…im, he could never have lived much ●…onger. He has fared well in his time, ●…nd now Fate has shown herself so for●…ard to oblige me; Why should I go ●…bout to Stint myself? I think I have ●…o reason, and to convince you the ●…etter of the Force of your Consolati●…ns, the first thing I shall do will be ●…o pardon his Murderers. In short, I ●…m resolved to mind nothing else but ●…ndulging and Fattening myself, and ●…eave to others the case of Revenges. For I should be a Fool indeed, if 〈◊〉 the sake of the dead I should exp●… myself to the snares of the living 〈◊〉 mean the Lawyers, who in this Kin●…dom are more greedy than any wh●… Insomuch that there is scarce a p●● free from the Sacrilege of their gri●● I am happy in being thus guided 〈◊〉 your Advice, and which will alw●● have an unsurmountable Influe●… upon Yours, etc. LETTER IX. The Ferret to the Squirrel. Upon Justice. YOU honour me too much, 〈◊〉 whilst you oblige me with y●● Commands; and I am not a little 〈◊〉 happy, that my endeavours in favo●… of the Cat could not prevail upon 〈◊〉 slight a Theft, for I tried all wa●… with the Chambermaid to take 〈◊〉 ●…er Evidence, that she might not pro●…cute the Stealing a poor piece of ●…heese with so much rigour, but she ●…ntinued still deaf to my Entreaties, ●●d positively insisted upon a total Re●…itution. I have always observed in ●…dges, Attorneys, and such like People, so great an Avarice, that I never ●●ed for having any thing to do with ●●em; for Justice has no other Ori●…ine, than Covetousness of Gain, and ●…espises all Acts of Mercy as much as 〈◊〉 does the Humility of Prayers. For his poor Criminal having no Money ●…t Command, was instantly condem●…ed to the Pillory. But nevertheless ●…e was pitied by the Mob, rather than ●…olested; for they considered it a ●…reater Crime in the Maid's Negli●…ence, than his Hunger, which has no ●…aw, and therefore could not deserve ●…o severe a Punishment; severe I call 〈◊〉 to him, but to Common Thiefs it ●…erves as well for a Triumph as an Ig●…ominy. Now he's out of Goal; but ●…evertheless banished the Province under an unmerciful penalty if he 〈◊〉 turn, I pity him extremely as I 〈◊〉 his Friend; but, for the future, i●… has any Wit, he'll give a better Col●… for his Proceed, and then he 〈◊〉 pass for both honest and honoura●… If he had robbed by the Gross, 〈◊〉 might have secured himself; for 〈◊〉 your little Rogues only that su●… when your great ones know how 〈◊〉 avoid and stop the mouth of Justice 〈◊〉 the future I beg you to make us●… your Commands, without any Ap●…gy, and to afford me a larger Fiel●… 〈◊〉 display my Obedience, that I 〈◊〉 with Actions more conformable 〈◊〉 my Duty express the abundant ●…knowledgments of, etc. LETTER. X. The Squirrel's Answer. Upon the same. THE extraordinary Goodness that has obliged you to so zea●…s a Defence of the poor Cat, is so ●●ch the greater, by your pretermit●…g no opportunity of acquainting me ●…th it; and I am so much the oftener ●…gag'd to beg of you to think of some●…ng wherein I might discharge part 〈◊〉 your Obligations, and not always ●…d myself under the burden of so ●…ny Benefits, without either the Ju●…ce or good Nature to ease myself, 〈◊〉 repay you. Truly that Wretch, ●…hose Misfortune it is to be under the ●…ntence of such rash Judges, is ex●…mely to be pitied. And be pleased receive this as an irrefragable Truth, ●…hat bad Officers are such, by the ●…tentions of them, that advanced 'em; for they exercise a burdensome T●… with a tacit Licence to do wrong, 〈◊〉 how should they be able to answer 〈◊〉 unreasonable Impositions laid up●● 'em? He that is rich, easily conquers 〈◊〉 seeming Impossibilities; but he tha●… poor, is subject to every Calami●… Prisons are only fit to punish poor p●●ple, who have no Money to buy 〈◊〉 their Fetters: When rich Men, w●… a golden Key, discharge all the str●●gest Locks, and avoid the justest P●…nishments, whilst, with the lustre of the dazzling Gold, they blind the eyes of the weak Judges, and in spite of the gr●…test Crimes appear innocent. No●… our Friend had been but able to h●● greased the Fists of this greedy F●…ternity with a tolerable Recompence he had not been exposed to so i●…mous a Punishment. Oh Villainy 〈◊〉 Unnatural to Public Authority! W●… a shame is it that the World sho●● so continually contaminate Nero 〈◊〉 the Author of all sorts of Wicked●… when he could safely say, Quod 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 penetralibus suis venale aut ambi●●ni pervium! Let us comfort therence the Cat, since he suffered only for ●…hat which his Necessities forced him ●…o, whilst I hearty wish you the ac●…omplishment of all your Desires and Subscribe, etc. LETTER XI. The Camel to the Spaniel. Upon Baylies. SOme few days since, I had the good fortune to have for my Guest a Gentleman of great account in this Kingdom of Congo; who, amongst o●…her things, related to me that you were entered into the King's Service: And without having any respect either ●…o your own Birth, or the unspotted Honour of your Ancestors, were corrupted with a thousand Debaucheries. I must confess, at first, I was very much startled at this News; but more 〈◊〉 specially, when he added that 'tthe common Talk, that your Gen●… inclined you to the infamous Exerc●… of a Bailie. But I can scarce belie●… that your Noble Education, together with Reflections on the Worth of yo●… Parents, with the Spurs of Honour, a●● the Opprobrium of the World, should n●… prove sufficient Motives to remove yo●… detestable Resolutions. Return the●…fore, I beseech you, to yourself, an●… do not suffer your Imprudence to lea●… you to your ruin: For Reputatio●… once lost, can scarce ever be recovered. And the blots of Infamy 〈◊〉 water can wash away. If I were a●…quainted with the cause that gives 〈◊〉 grea●… disturbance to your Brain, 〈◊〉 would endeavour to remove it with proportionable means. Contain yo●…self then within the bounds of Re●…son, till I can learn it; for otherwise you will have cause to complain only of yourself, and not to blame the Malignity of your Destiny. He that obstinately meets his own ruin, sure deserves but little pity. We ought to be on our guard against those that would offend us. Thus priding myself in having had the honour of teaching you how to avoid a certain Evil, And wishing you all imaginable Prosperity, I Subscribe, etc. LETTER XII. The Spaniell's Answer. Upon Honour. YOur angry Letter would be sufficient to make a considerable breach in my mind, and to make me yield myself wholly conquered by your Admonitions, did not the persuasion I have of your Ignorance of the Honours, and particular Prerogatives, that Baylies enjoy in this Kingdom, animate me to sustain the fiercest Assaults of your Pen. I would desire you therefore to distinguish between a common Bayly, and their Head or Su●…rior; for if I were of this first sort, could certainly have no way to exc●… myself of the Infamy I had cont●…cted, but in the second rank my P●… is much more considerable, for 〈◊〉 that I reasonably claim the Hono●… due to a Knight. A Title that in th●… days has been bought both with Blo●… and Gold. Be pleased to tell me mo●● over what are the Common Ensig●… that make a Knight? Are they not 〈◊〉 Sword and Cross? Now I want n●…ther of these, for I always wear 〈◊〉 broad Sword by my side; and, for 〈◊〉 Cross, I bear on my Breast a great M●…dal of Gold. I must convince yo●… farther: For if it has been th●… custom amongst all the Europa●● Nations, to imitate the French in we●…ring a Collar about their Necks as 〈◊〉 Mark of particular Honour conferr●… on 'em, why should I be said to bl●…mish my Reputation, by wearing 〈◊〉 rich a one about mine? The Title 〈◊〉 Domicellus, which with the Roma●… ●…arons was so much in request, had not it its Etymology from the Latin Word Dominus, which signifies Lord ●…he Master. And mine of Baroncellus, who will deny to be derived from the Word Baro, which intimates a Prince with Lordship and Feudatories? Now ●…f mine be more noble, and of better Quality, why should I be despised and blamed when the other was so much respected? My Person, in short, in these parts is as it were sacred, for every the least Affront is offered me is punished unmercifully. Woe be to him that dares, tho' never so mannerly, to oppose me in any thing; for 〈◊〉 immediately incurs the severest displeasure of my Prince, and oftentimes has his Family dispersed and his Estate confiscated. Be pleased therefore, Sir, to weigh these my Justifications, which I must needs own do not seem to me so contemptible. And if the access to the Temple of Honour be so steepy and slippery, let not me be envied for having so luckily arrived. I don't make use of any farther Arguments to p●…swade you to a better Opinion of 〈◊〉 Conduct, since I am sufficiently ●…tisfied I write to a Person who is b●● Prudent and Honest. But shall alway●… be very ambitious of being your Se●…vant whilst I am, etc. LETTER XIII. The Panther to the Tiger. Upon Preferment. I shall always be ready to lay hol●… of every occasion of doing you Service; and therefore shall never cease to prefer the fulfilling of your Desires to any other private Interests: So that, in obedience to your Commands, I acquaint you that I long since arrived in the Court of Phoenicia, in the Quality of his Majesty's Painter with but an ordinary Salary; but since, by the faithful Service of Ten years, there has ●…een some reasonable appearance of its ●…ncreasing, tho' I must confess 'twas ●…ll built upon random hopes, the common Food of Courtiers. I trusted upon a vain confidence of the first vacancy of some good Office, being persuaded that the King's Generosity would not dispense with as great Obligations. But in a short time I found myself not a little disappointed; for his Majesty's Cupbearer's Place being vacant, I ●…aw it immediately conferred upon one of his Grooms. You may imagine this was no small trouble to me; nevertheless I was resolved to conceal it, and to dissemble, tho' it might very well have caused no common effects of Anger to see so mean a Fellow advanced over one's head. But because in Courts ●…o discover one's thoughts is often attended with no ordinary danger, I determined with myself my pencil should express what my tongue dared not. And therefore having prepared a large Cloth, I cunningly represented the ridiculous Action of Sultan Osman, who made one of his Gardeners Begler●●● or Viceroy of Cyprus, for having se●● him one day plant a Carrot with Address. You cannot imagine, Sir, h●● every thing succeeded in this desig●… for the disposition of Figures, the proportion of Limbs, and brightness 〈◊〉 Colours, added to the truth of the History, my Pencil being guided by th●… good Will I had to reprove so unworthy an Action. The Picture being ●●nish'd, I took that time to expose it 〈◊〉 when most of the Grandees of the Kingdom were invited to Court to 〈◊〉 solemn Banquet. Various were the Opinions of the Guests upon this, amongst the rest of the King's Rarities; but none more judiciously past their Judgements than two old Courtiers, who with Lynce's Eyes searching into the Marrow of the History, immediately published through the Court, It was designed to accuse his Sacred Majesty of Imprudence, in bestowing Places of Credit and Honour on Persons of mean Condition. This Opinion once spread, it was not long before it reached the King's Ears, who was so grievously nettled, that he immediately ordered the Picture to be burnt, and my Person to be as instantly seized; which undoubtedly would have succeeded accordingly, had not my Prudence taught me to avoid but the beginnings of so certain Danger, and my Legs as generously supported me in a speedy flight out of the Kingdom. In short, I have learned at my own costs that every particular Passion is pernicious in the Management of any Affair, and that 'tis safer to commend than blame, especially when one has any ambitious end. Thus, Sir, I have given you all the account I am capable of; so beg leave to subscribe, etc. LETTER XIV. The Tygre's Answer. Upon the same. I Consider in your so candid compliance the abundant Civility 〈◊〉 your heart, and which has alway●… been so charitably bestowed upon ev●… very occasion upon one who has 〈◊〉 little deserved it: I return you a thousand Acknowledgements; and desire you 〈◊〉 believe I suffer more by your Misfortunes, than 'tis possible for you to 〈◊〉 by my Impertinence, tho' I am conscious I am troublesome enough. 'T●… an unalterable Law of this Age, th●… Honours are oftener the Rewards o●… Vice than Virtue; and that Knave●… or Fools are always preferred to great Offices by an undistinguishing Destiny. The Money of Merit is not of any value or consideration in the Bank of the Court; for there, an Enemy's Story shall always take place of the justest Truth. He that does not grease an Exchequer-Officer's Fist well, shall either receive his Money too soon or too late. We must not think ourselves ever established at Court; and we must endure even to be pissed upon, if we have any aim to rise. Flattery was heretofore a Vice, but now 'tis valued above the nicest Virtue: For he that knows not how to flatter, must never think to make a good Courtier. The Ears of great Men must never be offended with a relation of any bodies Faults that in the least resemble their own. We ought not, for our own Safety, to stir up a Lion that has our death in his Power. Approve of, and profit yourself by this Advice; and you'll oblige one that has both an Heart and a Pen always ready to serve you: So Subscribes, etc. LETTER XV. The Dragon to the Badger. Upon Historians. I Have received the History compil●… by your incomparable Pen, a●● have perused it with a great deal 〈◊〉 wonder and delight; nevertheles●… must take liberty to correct a se●… Particulars in some places, which in my Opinion would render it a little t●… worthy of blame; for the free Censu●… of a Friend many time's contributio●… towards the Perfection of a Work, 〈◊〉 should be unjust if out of any respect to your Quality I should decline tha●… Duty. Wherefore treating you with all manner of Freedom, I affirm tha●… in some Places you have made yourself too great a Stranger to the Truth, which ought to be so closely followed by every Historian. I observe more over, that some Passages that deserve ●…o be rendered odious in the highest degree, have been so slightly handled by you, that their Readers have been deprived of the Profit of such ill Examples. Likewise you have fallen into extravagant Excesses in commendation of some raw Captains, and described 'em so many Alexanders when they never saw their Enemy's Face, nor I'm confident had ever any experience in storming Towns or attack●…ng Parties. But that which offends ●…e most of all, is the manner with which you extol the trivial Actions of ●…our own Prince; and with an odious ●…artiality and grovelling Affection exalt ●…s bare Successes, whilst you conceal the braver Attempts of your Enemy, and which deserve to be consecrated even to Immortality. History ought ●…ot to be altered for the sake of Falsi●…ies; and Virtue ought always to take place of Vice, or it will lose it's designed Effect. Be pleased therefore to correct these Errors, or to remove my doubts by some more pregnant Reasons; for I must always believe 〈◊〉 sufficiently qualified to defend 〈◊〉 you writ, tho' I take this Liberty 〈◊〉 your Friend. Pardon this, and belie●● me yours, etc. LETTER XVI. The Badger's Answer. Upon the same. I Should not have dared to have ma●● any reply to your Reflections 〈◊〉 unwilling to seem disenting from yo●… Authority, and to support my our weakness, did not your generosity invite me to a Defence. I apply my se●… therefore to remove those scruples that as a rigorous and nice Censurer disturb your Mind. And I shall treat with you after the same Innocent Liberty as you have done with me. You say i●… the first place I have made my sel●… too great a stranger to the truth. Now, 〈◊〉 at first seems to be a proposition 〈◊〉 so great Force that it might be ●…ought rashness in me to presume to contradict it, but who knows but with 〈◊〉 few words I may change the face of ●…he matter and make it seem otherwise? I say then, that Truth is a La●…y of that nice and honest Temper that he will never be seen out of her Cham●…er barefaced, but always covered with a manifold Veil to avoid the ●…nares that are every where spread for ●…er, insomuch, that the bare token of ●…er Arrival, is enough to put a whole Court into confusion. If then she must needs walk circumspectly, and ●…hinks herself safer in obscurities than ●…ght, why should I be so rigorously ●…am'd if my History so plentifully en●…ch'd with the Actions of great Prin●…es, chooses to make her appear Masked. ●…elieve me, Sir, all things are lost which ●…re not Registered by History, and those ●…any times boast Eternity; for Tempus ●…stodes sui habent. Next, for the Se●…ond point you blame me because I handled Vices so slightly. To which Answer; That Princes have such 〈◊〉 Absolute sway even over the grea●… Pens, that they awe bold truths and 〈◊〉 have nothing said of 'em, but what●… grease with their humours: Therefo●… pray consider if they would be will●… to lend their ears to the justest Repro●… of Imprudent, Tyrant, Covetous, D●…solute, or the like. Many that ha●… made use of these Truths, have th●… not purchased the Contempts and O●…um of their Princes, and by an un●…pected Metamorphosis seen their P●● changed into Oars, and their Sh●● to Sails, which with the breath 〈◊〉 their Master's displeasure have carry●… 'em away Slaves and Wande●… through the World: These are t●… fruits of telling a Man his own. T●… ill Characters are given of any one 〈◊〉 easier answered with a Sword than 〈◊〉 Pen; you shall find few Historians 〈◊〉 this Age, who do not rather choose 〈◊〉 a foundation, Non quid alii egerint, 〈◊〉 quid optimè actum fit. To avoid th●… punishments that those meet with who ●…e their Arms longer than their consciences. Now for the Third Ob●…ction, Of the undeserved Encomiums ●…iven to Captains, I hope to clear my 〈◊〉, altho' Historia milites propter ●…odem quae mortuos sequitur prompti●…es efficit ad pericula subeunda. Yet ●…hy should not I for the benefit of ●…osterity raise even to the Stars the ●●me of our Warriors? Tell me I be●…eech you if the Chroniclers of Cyrus' Victories were present when he ruin'd ●…he Empire of the Medes, laid the ●…oundation of the Persian Monarchy, ●●du'd the East, and Triumphed over Asia? If they saw Philip of Macedon ●…stablish his Empire, Enlarge his Kingdom, and Enslave all Greece? It remains only now, That I Answer to the ●…mputations cast upon me, that I am too Partial to my own Prince, and ●…eglect to do others Justice: I Answer, ●…hat there are few Writers, let 'em be ●…ever so good that do not flatter that Person they receive Favours from; and so permit me to conclude, That 〈◊〉 have exactly followed my Predeces●● Rules I cannot be reasonably said ●…err. These have been all the Reas●… I have been able at present to coll●… in my Defence; be pleased theref●… to consider of this my Answer, and you think it necessary oblige me wi●… a continued Reply, and you shall ha●… no occasion to complain of my Ing●…titude, whilst I acknowledge my 〈◊〉 Yours. LETTER XVII. The Wolf to the Porcupine. Upon Hypocrites. BEcause you are an honest Fello●… and my very good Friend, I w●● resolved not to suffer you to be led 〈◊〉 way with an Opinion that I was 〈◊〉 the wrong, to open a Shop of Mas●… in this City, where 'tis said the we●…ring of 'em is a capital Crime. But 〈◊〉 must know that a certain Lord of 〈◊〉 Merit and Judgement has lately ●●sish'd this Law, and maintained 〈◊〉 his Pen, that Metamorphoses 〈◊〉 Disguises are highly necessary in 〈◊〉 Scene of this World. This is the ●●y means to conceal a cunning Ser●…nt, who perhaps has ambitious ●…houghts in his head. For with his countenance hid under the Mask of a ●…eming Liberty, this Lord Acted his ●…art so extremely well in a certain ●…ragedy, that tho' he was personally ●…own to every body, yet his Designs ●…ere not unridled till he had changed ●…s Condition, and appeared an abso●…te Monarch rather than a Servant, 〈◊〉 he pretended. This Action has o●…en'd every body's eyes, and advanced a ●●at esteem and reputation for the Art 〈◊〉 Masquerading: For tho' the Vulgar ●…elieve a Mask only becomes a Mini●…er of Justice; yet a wise Man will sometimes conceal his own Person, and ●…eep retired within the Folds of an obscure Mantle the better to obtain 〈◊〉 desired Ends. Also Nature h●● sometimes requires a Mask to c●● her Deformities; and he that can 〈◊〉 fit it on, always obtains a suitable ●…ward. My Returns in this Comm●…dity are very considerable and gainf●… but especially in some particular s●… of Masks which have thin and thoughful Faces, for they are very nume●…sly bought up, because they ma●… people seem wise and honest in 〈◊〉 sight of the World, when they 〈◊〉 really Villains and lying Hypocri●… There's nothing more remains, 〈◊〉 that I desire you always to comma●… me, and to oblige me with some A●…count of the different Transactions 〈◊〉 the World; for my Curiosity that way 〈◊〉 sometimes so very extraordinary, th●… I often lose a Dinner to hear or read Gazette. So, with hearty Wishes 〈◊〉 your Welfare, I Subscribe, etc. LETTER XVIII. The Porcupine's Answer. Upon News. 〈◊〉 Shall always rejoice for the Advantage you make of your Commo●…ies; and am glad that you are not ●●ect to that Punishment you menaced, since your Miscarriage would 〈◊〉 the greatest grief to me imaginable, ●…d your Suffering the greatest trou●…le. I would willingly correspond ●…ith your Commands in some mea●●e; but because distant Affairs are ●…any times corrupted by passing through ●…any hands, I must desire you not ●…o take it amiss, if you meet with any ●…alsities or Errors, since other people's Accounts leave always some tincture of the Nature that produces 'em. To begin then, I acquaint you that the Affairs of the World are in such a plight that they are never like to be reconciled, whilst every body make●… his business to throw Dust in his N●●●bour's Eyes. The King of Epyr●● so desperately in love with a cer●… City in the middle of the Morea, th●… to be Master of it He has lately ●…tempted a violent Rape; but be●… disappointed by the force or vigilan●… of the Inhabitants, he daily end●…vours to corrupt them with Go●… whilst his Attempts give so great 〈◊〉 jealousy to the Borderers, that he 〈◊〉 more Eyes over him than the Bea●…ful Io had heretofore. The Prince 〈◊〉 the Morea laughs hearty at his D●…sign; and tho' he seems to stand wi●… his hands to his Girdle, yet neverth●…less he is always prepared to give 〈◊〉 Vomit to those that shall contract phlegmatic Humours by the Unreason●…bleness of the Wether, or the Fatig●… of their Journey: And is resolved 〈◊〉 warm 'em well with plentiful Salut●… that they may catch no Cold 〈◊〉 Nights. Captain Saiaverda has spent all the campaign to recover his last Winter-●●ters, and to get under the Walls ●…f Culiacan, where he has been salu●…d with a general Curse for having ●…d a mind to fill their Town with Spaniards, a People of that turbulent ●●d troublesome temper, they thought 〈◊〉 impossible to please 'em: Whereup●…n he was obliged to promise 'em they ●…ould only have a few Reigments of Sermans. But that frighted 'em worse ●…an the other, for they alleged they ●…ad had a bad Vintage, and Wines ●…ere scarce; and therefore could not ●…mply with his Proposals; so that in ●…ort he was forced to retire without ●…eing received, for fear of a farther ha●…d of his Person or Reputation. ●…his Disobedience of theirs, has caused ●●m no small Enemies at Court, and ●●ey have lately been in consultation ●…hat punishment to Inflict on such ●…wcy Offenders. But 'tis thought by ●…he most capacious Heads, that their ●…esolutions will rather Place than Gallop, and tho' the weather be very ca●… that they will put but little Fuel 〈◊〉 the Fire, because oftentimes from 〈◊〉 small spark proceeds a great con●●gration. The King of Babylon, as 'tis sai●… has Assembled a Diet of his Nobles, 〈◊〉 put Cupping Glasses to their Sho●…ders, or Leeches to their Necks, 〈◊〉 keep 'em in health and prevent th●… being Lunatic, but 'tis doubted the●… will not easily give their consents; 〈◊〉 tho' the Wound be only cutane●● yet it is nevertheless very sensible. A●… so this Remedy is not approved sufficient to divert the Paroxisms of a Fe●… that may reasonably be caused by 〈◊〉 bad disposition of Humours which 〈◊〉 to be feared in that Body, and whi●… in time may grow malignant and d●…generate into perfect Madness. The Lord D' Cottiniglio, who b●… Arms under the King of Catai, w●… lately commanded home by his Mas●… Prester John, to employ him in 〈◊〉 Supreme Command of his own Troop 〈◊〉 who was received accordingly with no common Demonstrations of ●…avour and Affection. Pursuant to which he Posted away in great haste to the Borders of the Kingdom, where the Army expected him: All the way 〈◊〉 was splendidly Received and Enter●…ain'd, met in every Province by the ●●ilitia of the County, Saluted by the Cannon of every Fortress, and treated with the Title of His Excellence wherever he came. But because the War his Master made was altogether fomented and supported by Ambition, the same breath that sent him Remanded him back again, so that in the middle of his Journey he was deprived of his Charge, Title, Reward, and Favour, finding but too late that Fortune seldom continues long constant. This Honourable accident gave opportunity to the King of Trapezonda's Minister, to put him also out of Favour at the Court of Catai, where he had always had the repute of a Prudent and Able Soldier. There is lately arrived from De●…mark a whole Bugget full of New the most considerable of which is That not long ago a Country-ma●… leading an Ass through the Street richly clothed with fine Cloth, hap●…ned to pass by some Officers and Soldiers that were near, who being mightily offended that so vile a Creature should arrogate to himself an honou●… to wear Scarlet, and which they only thought due to themselves, were abo●● to have sacrificed both the Ass' t●… their displeasure; so strange a surpriz●… at first startled the poor Countryman but at length being unwilling to expos●… his own Life, as well as that of his beloved Companion for want of a few words, he raised his courage with a Bottle by his side, and began to offer Reasons to incline 'em to mercy, but they would hear none; when with Sword in hand being about to Execute their bloody purpose, the courageous Ass, seeing the extremity he and his Brother were driven to, began distinctly to articulate these Words. gentlemans Soldiers, lay aside your Scorn, ●…ridle your Anger, and be not so cruel to one that has been your Benefactor. Remember that you wear Scarlet by Means of my Labour. And if from Beggars and Dunghill-rakers, you are raised to this Honour and Power, do not abuse ●…e and my Brother that have been the Cause of it. Remember that when Drums and Trumpets sound no more, ●…our gains will cease, and you may have ●…eed of either of us to save your Lives. Here the Ass ended, which he had no ●…oner done than their forward Blades were returned to their quiet Scabbards, for they began to be sensible that it would have been a foolish action for them to shed others blood to empty their own Veins. Of the Affairs of Brazile and China, we have no account as yet, but expect Letters in few Days, and then you ●…hall be sure to have it; so hoping you will be throughly satisfied with these my poor endeavours, I submit my self wholly to your Censure, and 〈◊〉 Subscribe, etc. LETTER XIX. The Sheep to the Lamb. Upon Poetry. YOu are ridiculous to ask me wh●… I have forsaken the pleasing Co●…versation of the Muses, and moreo●● as if there were no other Poet to d●…sire of me a Copy of Verses to c●●● you of the Headache, or to rid yo●… Brain of those Whimsies that are th●… for the most part, the Product of Mela●…choly; yet I would not have yo●… Despair if I don't comply with yo●… for if you'll give but a little lose t●… your Purse-strings, you may easi●… find in the Booksellers Shops Rhim●… and Poetry enough to last you re●…ding all your Life time. The Co●… Pegasus who at first had so great 〈◊〉 Strangury of Urine, that every quantity was purchased with its weight in Gold, to refrigerate their Lips become dry with much Singing, now flows with so great a Stream, that every one lays up a copious provision; and the Concourse of its Followers is even innumerable. For now 'tis found that the smell only is enough to make a Poet, tho' before he were never so much a Blockhead. Whence it comes to pass that Poets do not meet with so many Maecenas', to furnish 'em wherewithal to purchase so precious a Liquor. Let them that will therefore continue their Addresses to the Muses, for my part I renounce 'em all, gratitude now seldom affording any other recompense to a poor Poet, than a gracious Nod, or an affected empty Compliment, and sometimes even these are denied by a covetous Patron: Who, tho' he may be liberal enough to support his Luxuries, yet to a poor learned Threadbare Versifier will not afford a sauce. I wish you better fortune than you seem to Envy in me, and so Subscribe, etc. LETTER XX. The Lamb's Answer. Upon the Mode. IT Cannot be denied but that this Age is so very vicious and so overrun with Avarice, that it would be no common stratagem to keep the Liberal and Mechanical Arts longer upon their Legs, reduced almost to annihilation by the greediness of those that for public benefit are obliged to support 'em. For my part I have reason to Curse him a thousand times, that first learned me the Trade of a Barber; since I had no sooner obtained it, but there started up a certain Lady called, Madam The Mode, so very Whimsical, Fantastical, and Movable, that she can scarce remain constant one Minute. Women naturally abhor Old Men, because they have overlived their power of enjoying them: But this Lady is so very much enamoured on Grey Hairs, that she makes the veriest Youths buy 'em after the price of Diamonds, and in despite of time will have young Men white as Snow, tho' they be but very Boys. If I have not a great deal of patience to polish these perfumed Civet-Cats, you may very well judge, and particularly when I go about to adjust their Beards, because sometimes they will have their Moustaches turned round in a curl, at another time like a point of Interrogation. Oftentimes they must have 'em after the Turkish Mode, and sometimes they shave 'em almost quite away, leaving only a little Hair on the upper Lip, to distinguish their Mouths from their Buttocks. Now notwithstanding all this fatigue and vexation, I must confess I should be well enough pleased if these Ganymedes would but reward me well; but believe me, Sir, there are some of 'em so very hidebound, that they will scarce a●…ford me bare thanks, and others will ●●ly bid me God b'w'you, and promise 〈◊〉 come and pay me another time, whi●… they never mean it; and so leave 〈◊〉 poor miserable Cutbeard as famished 〈◊〉 an Air-fed Poet. I shall trouble you wi●… no more, Complaints and Compliments being alike tedious, but Subscribe, etc. LETTER XXI. The Buck to the Goat. Upon Musicians. I May well say I am escaped out o●… the very jaws of Death, for a lon●… and painful Infirmity had almo●… brought me to my last gasp: Wherefore I hope, Sir, you will not conclud●… my long silence proceeded from any want of Affection, but rather pity my misfortunes which oftentimes oblige us to forget ourselves as well as our friends. At present, I thank Fate I find myself out of danger, but nevertheless very weak: My Physicians have attributed the Cause of my Indisposition to Melancholy, and therefore have advised me to keep up my Spirits, and support Nature with cheerful Recreations and pleasant Pastimes for fear of a Relapse, which they say would be worse than the first Disease: I have therefore entertained into my service a Musician, who, to give him his due, has very much enlivened my mind with Trills, Quavers, Pauses, and other Graces; insomuch that I must really confess I never enjoyed so sweet a taste of Life before. For he has made me truly sensible that Music, having its first origin from Heaven, there is no Sadness which it cannot alleviate, nor Affliction which it is not able to disperse. But if his Voice has been so great a relief to me, his Impertinence has been no less grievous, for in a few Days he has not only offended my Ears, but almost brought me to my Bed again; for changin●… his Services into slights, his civiliti●… into bad Words, and the most regulated Harmony into a Concertless confusion, he is become altogether intolerable: I can provide no meat that can satisfy him, no drink that ca●… please him; and, in a word, he is mo●● scrupulous than a great bellied Woman, for he nauseates and refuses every thing▪ His belly is his God, and therefore forsooth must be stuffed with the Thr●…sties of Lucullus, the Fish of Vedi●… Pollione, the Dinners of Vitellius, and the Suppers of Caligula. If by chance I desire him to Sing, to divert the disturbance of the Neighbouring Prison, whilst I am not permitted to take the Air, he shall presently excuse it and tell me he is hoarse, or he has got a cold, or his Head aches, or what not. In short, he never cares for Singing if I desire it, but if he sees me never so little intent upon any business, than he shall be sure to Serenade me; and the more I desire him to forbear, the more he ●…hall insist to rattle in my Ears. I cannot express to you, Sir, how troublesome, humoursome, capricious, and ●…antastical this fellow is, for he is more ●…nconstant than the Sea, and more changeable than the Moon. I think sometimes to rid me of his Tyranny, by discharging him; but then I must ●…o it to his content, tho' to my own ●…oss, that he may have no occasion to ●…lander me with his Tongue; to have a Poet for ones Enemy is a great misfortune, because with his Satyrs he may obscure my fame, but to be ha●…ed by a Musician is far worse, for he can express Invectives more lively with his Voice, than the other with his Pen. With which I shall conclude not to ●…rouble you any farther with unmannerly complaints, but kiss your Hands, and so Subscribe, etc. LETTER XXII. The Goat's Answer. Upon the same. WHat enormous Crime have y●… committed, Sir, that shoul●… merit so severe a Penance, as to h●… a Musician for your Table-fellow Mere good Nature obliges me to co●…dole you more for this Misfortune than the Misery you say has torme●…ted you so long. 'Tis true that M●…sick ravishes the heart and elevates 〈◊〉 mind; but at this day 'tis practised 〈◊〉 such mean, proud and petulant People that it oftentimes has a quite cont●● effect. These Coxcombs think 〈◊〉 make their Art better received by b●…ing longer desired; and therefore a●…ways take delight to delay their perfo●…mances with affected Complemen●… and lying Excuses, and a thousand c●…mical Shrugs and awkard Unwillingnesses, which would move even Heraclitus himself to Laughter. But in my judgement such uncertain Artists should be served as Themistocles was; who being asked to sing, and refusing it, was very decently kicked out of the Company to make room for better humoured Men. And thence I suppose came the Saying amongst the Greeks, Aristophan. Vesp. Ignosce ●●m Cythara ●●nere nescit. when they would denote a Fool or a Madman, to call him a Man without Music. But be it how it will, if ever you intent to ●…ve a quiet Life, let that Fellow be removed from you immediately. Else you may find yourself as much embarassed as he was, who being almost deafened with the Contests of Two Musicians about the pre-eminence of their Voices, was forced at length (because he would not use 'em as Apollo did Marsia) to rise and run away, leaving them to the confusion of their Obstinacy, and not able to support the defence of an imaginary sound. Therefore I hope, Sir, you will not be le●… disposed to bear with the Liberties 〈◊〉 this Musician, than readier inclined 〈◊〉 take oftener occasions of commanding me, whilst I hearty profess my se●… yours, etc. LETTER XXIII. The Hyena to the Dog. Upon Detraction. YOur Curiosity inclines you to 〈◊〉 fantastical search, whilst yo●… endeavour to know who was that 〈◊〉 famous Pasquin, that with an unexpressible Applause of his Railleries' was s●… much reverenced by the World. Yo●… must know than he was an excellent Tailor in Rome (altho' by some he i●… said to be an Host) who in his prope●… Calling had no Equal, by name Master Pasquin, and who kept a Salesman's Shop in the Parione. The frequent resort of people that made use 〈◊〉 him, obliged him to keep several ●…urney-men that he might put the ●…edier dispatch to his undertake; ●…hich fellows, tho' they were not ●…le, yet prated eternally, and spent ●…ost of their time in finding fault ●…ith the great Men of Rome; inso●…uch that I verily believe their words ●…ere oftentimes more numerous than ●●eir stitches. But these reproaches ●…eing vented by mean Fellows, were ●…ken but little notice of; for many ●…mes instead of reprimands, they met ●…ith a reward from those they inten●…d to expose. Afterwards from these ●…oys the custom of Railing got a●…ongst the Citizens, who made so ●…od use of it as to bespatter one ano●…er considerably: At length this ●…asquin died, but the Vein of Satyri●…ng did not end with him; for the ●●ople of Rome bearing some respect 〈◊〉 his Memory, erected the Stump of Statue where his House stood, and ●…hich Inherited both his Name and Actions; for not discontinuing the C●…stom to reflect on Courtiers and ●…lumniate great Men, they did the sa●● thing by a Paper pasted up, as the old ●●lows Butchers did before with th●… tongues: Whereupon every one took ●…berty to vent their disgusts by the be●… of this Person, who always having i●… his Power to reproach and cond●● whom he pleased; at length rendered hi●…self more famous than the celebrated C●…tick Aretine. The Wit and Raillery 〈◊〉 this Statue dispenses by another's he●… is in great esteem; insomuch that 〈◊〉 is sometimes purchased at a great r●● and sometimes also its Author's m●… with the severest punishments: But t●● which is most to be wondered at, 〈◊〉 that having no Feet it runs all over 〈◊〉 World, and no Hands nor Arms, 〈◊〉 it embraces all. This is what I h●… been able to gather concerning 〈◊〉 Person and Employment of Ma●… Pasquin, so that I hope it is suffici●●● to Answer your commands, which 〈◊〉 always be observed to his power, t●… desires to Subscribe, etc. LETTER XXIV. The Dog's Answer. Upon the Same. I Have been often made sensible of your good will towards me upon several occasions, and particularly by this ●…ort History of Master Pasquin, which 〈◊〉 hearty thank you for, and do as●…ure you I shall never be able to forget 〈◊〉 Person that is so frequently obli●…ing. This tailor's good fortune ●…as certainly sufficient to have made Alexander envy him more than he ●…id the Glories of Achilles, to recommend his name to Eternity, by means of a Statue; and to have such ●…n Homer as you to write his History and Virtues. But Achilles did not at●…ain this Honour without Magnani●…ous labour and heroic Deeds, when our Tailor was at no trouble or expense. I fancy the design of the People of Rome in building this Statue was ●…o reclaim more by his biting Railleries', than Cato should by his severe Ce●…sures. But we find it had not 〈◊〉 effect, for Raillery is now grown 〈◊〉 common with the World, that it 〈◊〉 seldom taken in earnest. satire an●… Pasquinates have now a-days the sam●… influence upon Mankind, as my b●● king has over the Moon. If sm●● Sayings, biting Sentences, and poi●…nant Words could have any effect upon bad People, it would be necessar●… for every City to have a School 〈◊〉 learn 'em in. It was the Opinion of some Politicians that 'tis almost expedient for th●… happiness of a civil body to murm●… sometimes against their Prince, fo●… Subjects sooner discharge the Veno●… of their Indignation by speaking freely than acting traitorously. Nevertheles●… this liberty of talking aught to b●… moderate, and not malapert and i●…pudent: If Pasquin could but conte●… himself to be a harmless Universal Physician, and to cure People of their de●…fects modestly, he might reasonably deserve every bodies good word, but ●…se unbridled inclinations of his to ●…nd People's Reputations, and to make ●…n ridiculous, can deserve no better ●…me than Rashness, Impudence, and ●…lly. And at last he may happen 〈◊〉 vent something that may cause his ●…grace and downfall, as it has fre●…ently been experienced by other such ●●litious Wits in the like Cases; I be●…ve it would be no small advantage to ●●squin's friends, if he had these words ●●graven in his base, Emenda & hic 〈◊〉 ibi vir esto. That is, You that have 〈◊〉 mind to show the sharpness of your ●…it and Judgement, consider well first 〈◊〉 what you do, and when you come hi●…er, be sure to have your Eyes about 〈◊〉, to observe if there be any Spies near ●…t might see you fix your Satyrs; ●…herwise you may incur the danger of ●…h an Attempt. Now to conclude: ●…ose matters that relate to Princes, ●…o ' they may be safely observed, yet ●●ey cannot be uttered so; and I should ●…ther approve of that remedy the Senate made use of to reclaim Calig●… than Pasquinates and Libels. Th●● have taken the liberty to enlarge up●● your Subject, not to instruct but to e●…tertain myself, and discharge my O●…ligations to you which you have o●● laid upon me to write, tho' I 〈◊〉 blush to think I have attempted t●… copying of your thoughts, so Subscribe, etc. LETTER XXV. The Chameleon to the wild Boar. Upon Courtiers. WIthout doubt, Sir, your goo●…ness pleases itself with 〈◊〉 many unmerited Favours you do 〈◊〉 yet the oftener I reflect upon your kin●…nesses, the greater is my Sense of th●… Obligations. I hearty thank you 〈◊〉 your Congratulation of the Hono●… lately done me by his Majesty, an●… 〈◊〉 wish I could return you the like ●●nstrations: In a few days I shall forward to Court, where because I an absolute stranger, and being told 〈◊〉 to please his Prince a Courtier 〈◊〉 dissemble and flatter, I have ad●●d with some Friends, very skilful in ●…se matters, what course to take to ●…id errors. And one amongst other ●…ngs has sent me a certain Powder ●…de of an herb called Fortune, which himself (being an accomplished Cour●…r) has many times experienced against the venomous wounds of Envy, ●●d which will prove the like Antid●…te 〈◊〉 any body else; providing it be so●…rly and temperately made use of: ●…r envious people do not employ ●●eir Malice against our Persons, but ●…e excesses of Fortune that we enjoy. Also my Lord Duke Rhinoceros, a ●…ming Courtier, and my very good ●●iend, writes to me to provide my ●…f plentifully of some certain yellow ●…ills, to be procured of the Bankers; ●…ithout which he says I should pass my time but ill at Court, being absolutely necessary to purge away Mel●…choly, caused by the Avarice and gratitude of great Men. He has 〈◊〉 obliged me with a copious account 〈◊〉 the Art of a Courtier, wherein I f●… one Chapter with this Title Silenti●… servato: Now I confess to you, Sir, 〈◊〉 incapacity in not being able to fath●● the depth of this Mystery, for it se●… to me that a Courtier ought to be ●●ry well provided with words to Am●… and Baffle those poor wretches, whe●… indiscretion obliges 'em to attend continually without ever being able have Access to their Prince, and w●… is always kept ignorant of the truth every thing: Now if silence be t●● way to dissolve Friendship, why is prescribed to be so exactly practised Court? Perhaps because Friendsh●… and the Court being two incompatib●… things, it were better for a Court●… to have no Friends at all, than to ha●… 'em false. I humbly beg therefore y●… would be pleased to unriddle this Eni●● 〈◊〉, that I may with the better securi●● proceed with my Journey, and I ●…ll always acknowledge myself infinitely obliged, and an eternal Admi●…er of your Learning and Truth, etc. LETTER XXVI. The wild Boar's Answer. Upon the Same. THe gentile Pen of my Lord Duke Rhinoceros, has so livelily ex●…ess'd my Sentiments, that I could not ●…ish you better than to speak little at ●…ourt: For so it is, Sir, that a Court●… ought to be sometimes Mute, as 〈◊〉 well as loquacious. Loquacity be●…g a lose superfluity of words vented ●…ithout any thought, so that tho' this ●…cious Quality be never so essential to ●●e Person; yet, (if he will be a Cour●…er and not a Fool) he ought to ●●deavour at least to appear Wise, by speaking little, which is certainly the property of a wise Man, when talking much is undoubtedly that of a En●… Tho' silence (I grant you) being 〈◊〉 unadvisedly dissolves the links 〈◊〉 Friendship, yet handled with discre●… on always joins 'em the closer: Fo●… he that maliciously conceals a prais●… due to a Friend, is a promoter of Envy and Detraction, whilst he that exalt●… another's virtuous Actions knits an i●…dissoluble knot of Gratitude which time itself can scarce dissolve. Silenc●… was heretofore painted full of Eye and Ears, but without a Mouth, 〈◊〉 show us, as I believe, that we ough●… to speak never, or seldom; or if w●… must needs talk, that our words b●… first very well weighed and considere●… of before we transmit 'em to o●… Tongue, for always a great Talker 〈◊〉 the sign of a Fool, when if he had be●… able to have held his Tongue, he mig●● have passed for both Learned a●… Wise. Silence is always required by Prince in his Courtiers, and Secre●… i●… the surest step into his Favour, whilst much talking is an unavoidable Omen of his Ruin. Consider Sir, the Instability of these preferments, and you'll agree with me that my Lord Duke has counselled you more like a Friend than a Courtier, receive therefore this first occasion of declaring my Friendship, and believe me very Ambitious of living in your good Opinion, and which will always be the humble desire of, etc. LETTER XXVII. The Unicorn to the Elk. Upon Idleness. THe necessity which now obliges me a fresh to have recourse to our Candour and Goodness, one way 〈◊〉 very dear to me, because I know ●…hat those Virtues with which your ●…lind is so plentifully enriched, are the more perfect by being the oftener employed: But on the other hand, I am very unwilling to be so frequently troublesome to a person whose great Affairs, one would think, might privilege him from Addresses of this nature. It will then be the effect of your natural inclinations to bear with me, and the result of an unwearyed goodness to forgive and comfort me; I must therefore desire you to understand that my Secretary (who in the Fatigue of business and the exercise of Politic and Civil Functions, has not his fellow) is lately to mine and his own Misfortune seized with a stubborn distemper in his hands, which has rendered him absolutely unfit for writing▪ So that it has put my utmost Invention upon the Rack, to contrive some remedy that I may not be deprived o●… so learned and useful a Servant, but all in vain; the Physicians after many fruitless Consultations scarce know what to do next, but nevertheless fo●… the last Remedy have advised me to your Excellency's Nails, supposing it to be the Cramp. In pity therefore to this poor Wretch, but much more to those whose livelyhoods depend upon his Cure, I humbly supplicate your Excellency to favour me with a few scrape, and I dare promise he shall always live sensible of the highest Notions of Gratitude and Obligation: And for my own part I shall always study to Indulge the least Motive of service, and which will be daily due to your Merit and my own Inclinations, so humbly Subscribe, etc. LETTER XXVIII. The Elk's Answer. Upon the Same. MY good will is always so ready to comply with your desires, that I esteem it no ordinary good Fortune when you are pleased to command me, and accordingly have endeavoured to obey you by the enclosed quantity of scrape of my Nails, which I could wish might have that fancied effect you are pleased to honour 'em with, for that ingenious Gentleman's sake who has so deplorable an occasion; and for whose welfare I am the more concerned, because it is correspondent to your satisfaction. Permit me nevertheless to signify my Opinion a little upon this Distemper; 'tis true that Nature has bestowed upon you an Horn inestimable for the Power it has of o'ercoming Malignities and the mortal Qualities of Poison, and to me she has been over-prodigal of her favours (if I may believe the Doctors) in impregnating my Nails with a Virtue of driving away the Cramp. But Art, who has always been known to excel Nature, has invented many ill humours, whose pestiferous Quality my Horn has not been able to Master, and that sort of Cramp that contracts great men's clutches; I believe yours would do no good upon; our skilful Surgeons are always ●…ent to load their hands well with ●…ron or any other heavy Metal, who ●…re troubled with this Distemper, because with the continued weight the ●…ttracted Nerves might be extended, ●…nd recover their first Motion. I ●…hould therefore mightily commend their Policy, if you could persuade ●…our People to weigh down your Secretary's hand well with Gold, whose ●…eight and Virtue is certainly efficacious enough to resolve all Attractions ●…f the Nerves, which might hinder 〈◊〉 hand to dispatch their business: 〈◊〉 pleased to accept this Counsel in good part, and believe it altogether ●…uggested to my Pen by the ardent de●●re I have to serve you, whilst I confirm myself Yours, etc. LETTER XXIX. The Ape to the Fox. Upon Favourites. I Should think myself very unworthy of the excellent Character of being your Servant, if I should pretermit any the least occasion of expressing the Obligations of but common Gratitude towards your Merit and Favours: I find myself therefore engaged to give you an account of my Travels, would you be pleased then to know that I have traversed many Kingdoms and States with very various Fortune, for in some Places I was received and caressed by every body; and as if they had seen a delightful Prodigy of Nature, they surrounded and courted me on all sides with wonder and joy: In others (J●…lt Fortune showing me her backside) as if I had been the vilest and most villanious Creature upon Earth, with public Hissing, and Hoot, and showers of Stones and Brickbats, I was forced to leave the place to avoid being the Pastime of Children, and the Sport and Mockery of the brazenfaced Mob. So that at length being resolved, or rather forced, to put an end to my Pilgrimage, I was inclined to settle myself in some place where I might get my Bread, with as little sweat of my Brows as possible, and therefore immediately determined to go to the Court of Morocco, and where I now am. Scarce had I been three days in this Court, but I was made a Gentleman of the Bedchamber: Upon which I vow at first I thought I could have touched Heaven with my finger; but Fortune that knows not how to degenerate from the rest of her Sex, made me quickly sensible of her Inconstancy, for I found I must Exercise the Trade of a Barber, together with that of a Courtier; The covetousness of the Princes of this Country, having taught 'em to receive none into their Court that is not qualified for many Employments. Now my being defective 〈◊〉 this, was the Cause that one day against my will being a Shaving 〈◊〉 Majesty, I unfortunately cut out a piece of his Chin; upon which you may imagine he was in no small fury, for rising in a rage he darted an Arro●… at me like lightning, which happily had not its effect; and he seeing it, was going to draw his Scimeter, and undoubtedly had done my business had I not nimbly escaped so certain a danger. For this error you may be sure I was obliged to keep from Court, and had many times thoughts of leaving the Kingdom; but his Majesty's Birthday approaching, I had a fancy came into my head wherewith I thought it was possible to regain his Favour. The universal Joy that this day occasioned, was to be seen in every Face, and no Voice was heard that did not favour of Pleasure and Delight. But that which influenced the Applauses ●…ost was a stately Ball kept in the ●●ng's Palace: So great was the Con●…ourse to this Meeting, that without ●●●bt there would have been confusi●…n and mischief, had not the vigilan●…y of the Supervisors prevented any: The Ball was free for every body like 〈◊〉 Gentleman to dance at, with this distinction only, that Noblemen and ●…nights might he without Masks: 〈◊〉 taking courage under this Cloud, crowded through the thickest of 'em, dressed like a Scaramouch, and presented myself in the midst of the great Hall; where with four profound Con●●e's, and as many Airy Capers I awakened the Lady's curiosity of knowing who I was; whereupon one of the ●…riskest among 'em rising from her Seat, and making me a low Courtesy; asked me if I would dance a Bergamasea. Upon this you may imagine my senses were not asleep or feet numbed; For I immediately took her by the hand and fortunately performed all the variations of Art and Nature, and some o●… 'em were so very extravagant that they caused no ordinary laughter in the Standards by: The Dance being ended, his Majesty with a smiling Countenance asked the Lady who I was; who with a blush that almost flamed in her face, and trembling Accents discovered her Ignorance in these words: If your Sacred Majesty does not command him to unmask himself, he must always be unknown for me, the Mask is a deceit of Art, which as well conceals beauties as blots. But be has given such graceful proofs of his Abilities that 'twere pity they should be lessened by these obscurities: His Majesty perceiving by this that she had a mind to know me, and being willing to oblige her immediately with a majestic Nod, commanded me to unmask; whereupon with a Jump that almost reached the Ceiling, and which ended at his Majesty's feet with three profound Reverences I fell on my knees, and discovering my Face, humbly begged pardon for my former Crime and present boldness in presuming to myself so great ●…n honour as to Dance in his Presence. His Majesty laughed hearty at the sight of me, and for my punishment made me one of the chiefest Men about him; this is the Series of my present good Fortune, which the Courtiers envying me for, do daily endeavour my disgrace; I have re●…ourse therefore to your singular saga●…ity and prudence, and do beg you would be pleased to suggest some inge●…ious and cunning Advice to disable these snares of my Enemies, with whose confusion I am certain to advance myself higher in Dignities and Honour. Prepare yourself therefore with never so many Commands, for they shall all be punctually obeyed by him that knows not how to forget a greater number of Obligations: But always will be glad to Subscribe himself Yours, etc. LETTER XXX. The Fox's Answer. Upon Ambition. I Rejoice with you, Sir, that after 〈◊〉 many dangerous Storms raised by the winds of Emulation, you have at length regained the Port of your Master the King of Morocco's favour. He that has wit enough to appease hi●… angry Prince, may well be counted wise for those Deities for the most part are scarce appeased without a Sacrifice even of the Innocent: The Anger of a great Man is like Lightning and Thunder that consumes to Ashes before you hear the noise: But now blessed be Heaven that has delivered you from such danger: Let it be your business therefore for the future to take care not to Act the part of a Sovereign, whilst you are but a Subject, for 'tis their Trade to flaw, so that those that are not brought up to it very often spoil the skin, as you see you did when you cut off a piece of your Lord's Chin. I have reflected upon your good luck at the Ball, and am amazed at it since I have known others of as much skill have endangered their ●●cks, by dancing at Court; 'tis very difficult I assure you to move without errors to the tune of Ambition and Imulation. The Dance of a Courtier is a Figure that often ends in its own Ruin, for if the beauty of it consists in Leaps; yet they must all come to the ground, so that a Courtier 's greatness is supported only by a conceived height which has always a certain f●…ll. Leave off I beseech ye this Art of Dancing whilst you are at Court, for 'tis but an Emblem of your future Misfortune, and to know one's Fate before hand sure is not welcome to any body. The use of a Mask for a Courtier I don't approve of, because it very often begets bad effects: But yet I don't say I would not have you make use of it for that would be rashness in me, an●… you might have just cause to complai●… of my friendship if I should pretend to deprive you of the chiefest part o●… his Composition. For he would no●… be able to conceal his Malice, Hatred, Envy, and abundant Ill-will without it. Accept of this whils●… I endeavour to approve myself Yours, etc. LETTER XXXI. The Dog to the Horse. Upon Ingratitude. TIme that wastes and consumes all the Works of Art and Nature, has at length deprived me of the use of my Teeth, which were Arms that did not use to fail me; also this my declining condition that one would think should deserve soft bits and nourishing Broths to support the small remains ●…f my Life, meets with nothing else 〈◊〉 musty crusts and dry bones, so ve●…y bare that they serve rather to fa●●ish than feed me. You know, Sir, ●…ow very faithfully I've served my Ma●…er in the Chase, whilst I were able; ●…nd all my Competitors will confess ●…ow I always outdid 'em in the ca●…eer: But now the Beasts may walk ●…he Forests free from the Injuries of ●●y Teeth. I say nothing of my spi●…its spent, of my meeting at every foot ●…ith Bushes and Briers that made me ●…art, for my so nimbly rushing through ●…m, and of my Limbs covered with ●…lood by the sharpness of their Thorns. ●…lso I forget the frequent exposing of ●…y Life in contests with the sturdy ●…oar, and other wild Beasts: And a thou●●nd other hazards I underwent for his ●…leasure and profit; the Memory of ●…hich good services I must own would ●…e a comfort to me in my old Age, ●…id not his Ingratitude add to my ●…ffliction; when I do but reflect upon his muching, stroke, kind words▪ and other good turns done t●… my Youth, I can scarce abstain from tears. Poor Melampo, say I often sighing, thus are thy Labours rewarded 〈◊〉 The money that should be expended for thy recompense, is only coined upon thy back with a tough Cudgel But I must conclude, for my wou●● bleed a fresh at the bare relation of 〈◊〉 much Cruelty, and joined with th●… Anguish of my Hunger may hast●… my Death. Have pity then, dear 〈◊〉 on this my deplorable condition, a●… forgive the trouble that these my co●…plaints create you; since I ca●●● think 'em better bestowed than in 〈◊〉 Treasury of my Friend's bosom. S●… wishing Heaven may deliver you fro●… such thoughtless and mercyless M●…sters, I Subscribe, etc. LETTER. XXXII. The Horse's Answer. Upon the Same. YOu have so often experienced the Test of my Friendship, that you 〈◊〉 be easily persuaded of my con●… for your Misfortune, and if a ●…nd be styled another self, you may satisfied I am equally tormented; 〈◊〉 can receive no comfort but by 〈◊〉 of your consolation and con●… Comfort yourself therefore, 〈◊〉 with the remembrance that many 〈◊〉 old at Court, and yet meet with 〈◊〉 ●…eward: Oh how many would be 〈◊〉 of a bit of bread, that have worn ●…t their Years in Service of their ●…ng and Country! Consider, Sir, that ●…axim which says, That nothing plea●… without Fruit. He that proposes 〈◊〉 himself present profit, can ne'er ●…e leisure to think of services past, and do you think he would purcha●… Inability at the price of his darlin●… Gold. No, no; if you have in yo●… Youth been able to serve him, neve●… let his Ingratitude trouble you no●… you are old; but suffer Hunger wit●… patience, and consider his hard usag●… as the effect of an indiscreet and me●… Soul, and I shall always be ready wit●… my poor Ability to support that Li●… I have esteemed so dear. Besides Dea●… you know is not the end of Life if 〈◊〉 may believe the Philosopher's Transm●…gration: Also 'tis a very remarkab●… proof of good service when a Serva●…dies in his Master's house, dispose yo●… self therefore to quiet with these Re●…sons, and believe me when I profess 〈◊〉 hearty love and pity you, so Su●…scribe, etc. LETTER XXXIII. The Stag to the Wolf. Upon Imprudence. WIth no common Sentiments of compunction have I lately ●…d an account of the Favours you ●…ceiv'd from the Ass, and I must ●…eds confess he dealt very much like 〈◊〉 Ass by you; yet I cannot forbear ●…ing your Imprudence with a severe proof, for that you being brought up 〈◊〉 the Art of a Butcher, must needs 〈◊〉 take upon you the Profession of a ●…geon, by plucking the Thorn out of ●…s Foot, which if you had left in, ●…e would never have been able to have one you any harm. You see now if ●…ou had kept to your Profession, you ●…ould not have incurred that danger ●…hich your rashness has brought you ●…to: Content yourself therefore for ●…e future to be confined to the limits of your own Nature, and since y●… have showed yourself so good a S●…geon for another, pray try if you 〈◊〉 cure your own Nose, and if any s●… remain let it serve for a warning 〈◊〉 you to take care of such illbred As●… who have neither merit nor discreti●● and of which I'll assure you the Wo●● at present has not a small numb●● Accept this Advice from one th●… wishes you well, and so Subscribes, 〈◊〉 LETTER XXXIV. The Wolf's Answer. Upon the same. I Thank you hearty for your goo●… will, and I approve of your Advice; yet cannot think I deser●● your so severe Reproofs of Imprudenc●… when endeavouring to do anothe●… Good, he like a Brute returned m●… Evil. But Experience will defend 〈◊〉 for the future against such Accidents, ●●d no body is so wise but that he may ●●m: Nevertheless, there's no doubt ●●t that he that becomes wise by another's harm is to be commended, but my Misfortunes have been such, that ●…y own must be my Mistress, and that ●●titude is not always the companion 〈◊〉 Benefits, how have I been so much 〈◊〉 blame? Perhaps in giving too much credit to the feigned tears of an Ass, that was not sensible of the ●…indness I did him, and not having before experienced that the Memory of a ●…enefit lasts just so long as the time ●…as passing away it was received 〈◊〉. I shall take care for the future to ●…ake the best use of your Advice, ●…hat I may be no more exposed to this depraved custom of the Age, and which Resolution to confirm, I Sub●…cribe, etc. LETTER XXXV. The Viper to the Tortoise. A General satire. I Dispatch this present Letter with a●● expedition to your hands, earnestly to beg the honour of your Advic●… in a matter of doubt, and which see●… to me to require no ordinary exac●…ness in its solution. A Cobbler has i●… treated me to recommend to th●… Clerks of this Circuit a certain S●● of his, which he has Commenced wit●… a Tanner, for selling him Sole-leather of a Buffalo, for that of an O●● with a great deal of damage to th●… Buyer, and discredit to his Shop an●… Trade; for having made a pair 〈◊〉 Slippers of it for a certain Pedagogu●… they immediately participated of th●… Nature of the Beast, and inclined hi●… to be led by the Nose by his Scholars with a great contempt of his magisterial Authority: I desire you therefore ●…o advise me how to prosecute this ●…ause to my Client's advantage, and ●…y own gain; and that speedily, for 〈◊〉 were pity the poor Man should suffer by delay. The News at Court is, That Don ●…edro de Tendiglia has lately had a ●●●at Contest with Don Menrichez di ●…illandro, about the Nobility of their ●●ths; each pretending an Honour ●…d Esteem above the other: Insomuch that the Court is at present in a ●●eat Commotion, and no body knows ●…t which way the Balance will en●●e: Nevertheless, there was a fresh ●…ort yesterday that Don Ladron ●●guiga had made 'em friends and ●●ke hands together, endeavouring 〈◊〉 persuade 'em that poor Noble Men ●…ght not to go to Court to be ho●…ur'd and respected, but to stay at ●●me with their honest Tenants, who ●…ould prove better Judges of their ●●e Merit and Quality. The Parliament have now accomplished an Act that Notaries shall not have so large a liberty of using & c's, under rigorous penalties and deprivation of their Power of acting for the future. But Signiore Cola de Renzo in favour of the many dull and ignorant of that Profession, has obtained a moderate construction of that Act, so that now those that know not how to draw up a writing complete may supply as they did before their defects with an etc. Some few days ago a wonderful Prodigy was heard in the Air, which cried out frightfully three times Ra●…venat●…, words that gave occasion 〈◊〉 doubt whether they related to Hu●…ting wild Beasts in the Woods, or Me●… Purses in the Hall. If any other ne●… occurs, you may promise yourself faithful and speedy Account from Yours, etc. LETTER XXXVI. The Tortoise's Answer. Upon Presents. YOur Cause I cannot presume to direct you in, nevertheless I thought it but convenient to write, because we should never refuse an Answer 〈◊〉 one that had taken the pains to ob●●ge us with a Letter out of pure good manners If there were no other Motive, for to great Men we must an●…wer out of duty, to our Equals out of ●…ood manners, and to our Inferiors ●…ut of good Nature, I say out of good Nature; which may be meant to our●…elves, for the Vulgar being always desi●…ous of communication with the Gen●…ry, every the least line they receive from them does not render 'em more obliged than liberal: Be pleased but to make Experience of this truth, and you'll find that Presents frequently come from Inferiors; seldom from Equals, but never from Superiors. If one of the meanest, even of the Mobb, do but receive a Letter from a Gentleman full of lying expressions of civilities and inclinations to do him service, and such like empty Compliments; he shall immediately make it his diligent study how to be grateful to one whose words proceeded rather from a design upon him than any sincerity of heart. This is my opinion, and if you please you may follow it; but however, receive it in good part from him that wishes you well, and so Subscribes, etc. LETTER XXXVII. The Lizard to the Scorpion. Upon Fairs. THe time of the rich and splendid Fair of Cambalu drawing near, I have determined with myself to make one amongst 'em, and accordingly have prepared no ordinary rarities; but amongst the rest I design to build a Booth in the New-street, where with variety of Inventions, and a Company of Stage-Players that have been used to bubble and amuse the people, I do not question but to get a considerable penny. For I am resolved to trouble my head no more with drawing rotten Teeth, or introducing new ones where the old were not very grateful: Neither will I concern myself at changing Cards in other people's hands, nor putting tricks upon any one, because this deceit is grown so very trivial, that he must be a very Blockhead that knows not how to practise it. I must confess this putting tricks upon people has been heretofore very gainful to me, but now who does not understand Legerdemain? Jugglers and merry-andrew's only pretended to it for many Ages past, but now Statesmen and Politicians invade their Prorogatives publishing it for an unalterable Maxim, that those only are fit to Manage great Affairs, that have cunning and dexterity enough to sell Gloeworms for Lanterns. Also I intent to carry along with me a pair of Nine-holes to entertain the Canaglia, and which will certainly be applauded for not only the weakest, but the wisest of those people have been sometimes proud to excel at this Game. Lastly, I shall distribute for the public good an Electuary made of Tortoise, which I doubt doubt will be very welcome to all such as want radical moisture; and who have wasted their Substance, and become Hectic, by taking more care of other people's business than their own. Also because this should be the better received, I have determined to present the Buyers with a considerable quantity of perfumed pastils to corroborate the Stomach, and to make the breath sweet, after an unmannerly belch of stinking Sentences, which must needs be very Nauseous to the delicate Nostrils of Mr. Romance-writer, Son of Mr. Spoil-paper; both great Admirers of fresh B●…tter and Cream-Cheese. These will be the chiefest part of my Vendibles, and which will be so much the more advantageous, if I can have the honour to sell you any there, where I shall earnestly expect you, whilst I Subscribe, etc. LETTER XXXVIII. The Scorpion's Answer. Upon Eunuches. YOu invite me to Cambalu, Metropolis of Catai, and I will come, but it will be more to correspond with your Commands, than moved by the entreaties of some inhuman Fathers; who being extremely in love with their Sons Voices, have invited me thither to Geld 'em; to the end that they may the shriller accuse their Cruelties, whilst to satisfy the folly of their Inclinations they expose their tender Infants to the greatest dangers, with the depriving of 'em of those Movables that ought rather to be increased, than diminished. It would therefore be very commendable in some good Prince to publish an Edict in favour of Generation, and such Boys as were heretofore so unmercifully handled, because they were In deliciis Romanorum, Prohibiting with the severest penalties so great acts of Cruelty, which are nevertheless continued for Sport and Pastime. So confirming myself yours to my Power, 〈◊〉 Subscribe, etc. LETTER XXXIX. The Elephant to the Stellion. Upon Governors. I Give you hearty thanks for the honour done me by the safe delivery of my Letters, and I am extremely ●…oncern'd for my ill fortune that yours ●…hould go amiss; Nevertheless I hope you will not think it caused by ●…y Negligence, but attribute it to ●…tality that attends some affairs. The Administration of public Em●…loyments serves for a Touchstone to Essay the capacity of the undertaker, so that when that is found sufficient to digest the great diversity of Affairs one meets with in Government, to Command is no less delightful to Ambition, than gainful and necessary for the Experience and Knowledge of things. For I may freely confess to my friend, that this Employment has not a little advantaged my understanding; for I have boxed the Law about with a great many Ministers, and always triumphed, because I was above 'em in Order. I have also introduced public Audience every day, by which I have ended many stolen Suits with a great deal of satisfaction to the Parties, and for farthe●… content of the People, I am always ready at hand to dispatch their business. And because Bonum ex integr●… causâ, malum verò ex singulis difficultatibus, over and above my calmness in giving Judgement, my patience in hearing all is extraordinary; tho' Justice in appearance ought to seem as much rigorous as it ought to be really mild in the distribution: My punishments of Offenders are but few, but those sudden and exemplary, which is a Rul●… that I have always found successful▪ As to the rest, my City is great, in differently Populous, commodiously Rich, and of a delightful and fertile Soil. And because that a good Governor ought to shear gently, and not to flaw, I have contented myself with the profit of an hundred Crowns a Month. My people like all others, have their defects, as there is little flesh to be found without bones; I endeavour to show myself reasonable in word and deed to every body; but still I am resolved to be obeyed and feared as Superior: So, Sir, concludes one that will be always proud of your Commands, whilst he is, etc. LETTER XL. The Stellion's Answer. Upon the same, etc. YOur good Nature always finds Inclinations to oblige me, and I thank Fate I have a Conscience always ready to acknowledge it. And whilst I am congratulating your safe Arrival in that City, I am rejoicing for your happy ingress into your Government, and this chief because it has so advantaged your Understanding, for many Ministers , of the li●● Employments, retain much of the Nature of a Turnip, which by its long staying in the Earth grows the grosser; so these exercising themselves in the most difficult Affairs of State, instead of being more subtle and acute in their Intellects, grow insensibly duller and more blockish every day. You have done prudently in defending the Power of your Jurisdiction; for that being the tenderest part of Government, to keep it from Insults is the surest way to establish it. I would advise you therefore to be vigilant and diligent in the maintaining and increasing it, and to oppose the least occasion of contending with you for Jus Minuitur gliscente potentia, And not to be like those coxcombs who, out of a desire to be thought accomplished Courtiers, suffer themselves to be deprived of their Authority, which is the only support of their Honour and Interest. I also admire the Excellence of your ●●t in composing the stalest Dissen●●ns and most aged Controversies. ●…or Law being a Chain that also binds ●…nd engages the Heirs, it is not so ●…asily loosened and discharged. And 〈◊〉 the most part these disorders pro●…cted from the Ignorance of the Judges; who though they are willing to ●●d a Suit, yet conjure up an hundred more by their Incapacities, and ●…ant of necessary Qualifications. How many daily strut about in Gowns that they may be thought great Lawyers, when for the most part they are ignorant of the very Elements? How many modern Judges are there, who for want of sufficient Knowledge, act mi●…rably at random? But let us leave these Asses with their gilded Trappings, and come to your shearing and not flawing your People. I must confess I am extremely edified by your Modesty in this case where you are content with little; but I would not have you over-proud of it, For the Love of Money always increases. Believe me, Sir, Diogenes and Stilp●…, had they but once experienced the delights of our Modern Ministers, I mean that Auri sacram famem, the first would never have refused the Offers of Alexander, or the last the Treasures of Ptolemy; for by that cursed force of Self-interest they would have found themselves plucked and removed from such generous Principles. I do not mean that I would have you govern tyrannically; but to imitate the Footsteps of wise Princes, that you may neither be counted a Coward nor a Fool. Be also liberal of your Person, and not like those Rulers that make their Subjects wait whole Years without admitting 'em to their Presence; and when they do, refusing all that come and meanly attired; for that does but beget an Hatred that is many times indomitable. Observe moreover for the future all Instructions given by your Superiors, and from the prodigiousness of your Natural Gifts Learn to seign and please them, and thereby to establish to yourself an indelible Memory with Posterity, whilst I am sufficiently happy in promoting your good Fortune; and so subscribe. LETTER XLI. The Hedgehog to the Coney. Upon Critics. WE live in an Age, Sir, where every body will be a Critic, and where Moats in others Eyes are more observed than the Beams in our own. One can neither speak, nor write, but there's presently one of these commentators by to make his remarks: And although Nature has been so provident as to arm me with prickles, yet is it not sufficient Defence against these Mastiffs who will venture to fix upon me in spite of Wounds. I cannot but wonder every Minute at these Apes; who not being able to distinguish Silepsis from Synecdoche; yet will attempt to seem wiser than others: Insomuch, that I swear to you my hands have a thousand times Itched to be scourging 'em with Invectives, and lashing 'em with Satyrs, and I had done it, but I considered their trifling Opinions did not deserve so honourable a punishment; and I was rather inclined to let 'em alone in their Folly, than to waste the least Ink in their correction, for they turn over Books more to blow the dust off from their own Shoulders, than to learn any good out of 'em. And so because that where a Vice is grown so habitual, all care to remove it may be esteemed vain and fruitless, I stop my Pen, and wishing you all happiness, conclude myself, etc. LETTER XLII. The Coney's Answer. Upon the same. YOu have a great deal of reason to complain of those that have offended you, but who can put a stop 〈◊〉 the torrent of ill Tongues? Such ●…owd together daily to our Printing-House, where with their shallow heads they pretend to examine the Light of the Sun, and I cannot but laugh hear●…y to see 'em snarl and carp at every ●●ng goes by 'em. For to some, an ●●thors Work seems too wordy, when 〈◊〉 others it appears too concise. Some complain that his Subject is obsolete, Others that his Oratory wants Rules; ●●e observes his Style is not sublime enough, and ten that his Language is not good enough. A great many abhor all that can be said of humane Sciences, and for the most part condemn every thing that was not first communicated to their Approbations. Such are not wanting as will damn an Author for Proud and Arrogant, wher●… others do believe him humble and trivial. In short the different Censure●… of these people are oftentimes mor●… than the Books contain Words or Syllables that they rail against; Innumerable is the Gang of such pretenders who shall value themselves more for a●… little empty Criticism, than the mos●… celebrated Authors that ever writ, hav●… deserved Fame. Truly their unhappiness that writ now a-days, is considerably great, for every Cobbler almos●… will pretend to judge of it: Bu●… to what purpose is it to be discourag'●… or vexed, since they are not able to giv●… a true Judgement (which is only to b●… valued) of what they read. Pardo●… me, Sir, if I writ with any passion since I were unwilling to have thes●… rash Censurers deprive my Press of th●… honour of your learned Compositions: Whilst I shall always be ready 〈◊〉 acknowledge myself Infinitely ob●…'d, and Yours, etc. LETTER XLIII. The Adder to the Hare. Upon Upstarts. TRuly, Sir, you were very much in the right when you guest ●…hat I should have said to me by the ●…w Secretary of State, for scarce ●…ere I entered his doors, but I per●…v'd he had a mind to belie his Birth, 〈◊〉 he seemed more Proud and Arro●…nt than Hannibal after the Victory 〈◊〉 Cannoe; and as if he could not con●…escend to speak with any body with●…t an Interpreter. A great folly is ●…is in almost all Creatures, that seeing ●…hemselves raised to Dignity and Pow●…, they presently believe they are ●…ansform'd to Deities, and would fain ●…im Adoration; Whilst they do not consider that Silk which is the greate●… Composition of their Grandeur, is o●…ly wrought by vile and abject Wor●… from their own Guts. After a gre●… deal of waiting I was at last introduc●… and permitted to flatter him in 〈◊〉 turn after this manner. That among the universal crowd of his Servan●… and Admirers, I thought myself oblig●… to offer a particular Testimony of 〈◊〉 gladness and joy to see an Employme●… so very considerable, so worthily Co●…fer'd upon a Person that might boast hi●…self a faithful Servant to his Prince. 〈◊〉 moreover entreated him to accept th●… mean Devotion, but which altogeth●… proceeded from a mind and body Infinit●…ly obliged to the Greatness of his Fam●…ly and Person. And lastly, I explain myself, better by declaring the pleasu●… I had in finding his numerous and h●…roick Labours so gratefully rewarde●… But notwithstanding all this, my Rh●…torical Congratulations being but i●… received, I concluded that Ambitio●… was an Infirmity from which these 〈◊〉 ●●ppy Wretches who were raised from ●…unghill, can never be freed: For ●…th half a look that scarce demon●…ted his Inclinations to speak to 〈◊〉, and a ridiculous Spanish starch'd●…, he answered, that he thanked me 〈◊〉 my Congratulations of the Ho●…rs done him by the favour of his ●●ce: But that he was not very well ●…as'd that I did not treat him with 〈◊〉 Title of Most Illustrious, that be●…g now a-days bestowed upon Inferi●… Quality, and therefore might ●…sonably be allowed to him. His En●…siasm upon this occasion was so ●…at, that it was something of kin 〈◊〉 downright Madness, for he protested ●…me with a great deal of earnestness ●…t he was resolved to be accosted by 〈◊〉 meaner Title, tho' it should cost ●…n a Million of Crowns; and there●…e bid me beware how I behaved my 〈◊〉 towards one of his Quality for the ●…ure. Upon which harsh Commands ●…und myself in a great deal of dis●…er, having to do with so great a Man, and who I feared might hastil●… offer me some unreasonable outrage▪ so that wisely having recourse to goo●… words in all humble manner, I apply'●… myself to appease him: I began t●… make my excuses in an extraordinary Form, and ended with the like uncommon Submission, so that at last I gained so much upon him as to show me hi●… backside. The extravagance of thes●… Merchants of Titles is so very great that I believe they would be willing t●… translate themselves into the Catalogu●… of the Deities, and might be easily brought to desire a Statue the better to express their insatiable Pride and Ambition. For the future I am resolved not to be wanting in windy Titles to blow up these Footballs of Fortune that I may no more expose myself to such dangers; but endeavour to satisfy their Pride at full, since it is no common hazard to have a mind to wade through the Streams of Ambition against the Current of their Will●… Be pleased to accept of my humble ●…blations in this Narrative, whilst I subscribe, etc. LETTER XLIIII. The Hare's Answer. Upon the same. I Have read your Letter with a great deal of Admiration, and have not ●…een able to abstain from an excess of ●●rth in hearing the ridiculous extra●…agancies of the Ambitious Secretary. ●…or discoursing one day with an inti●…ate friend of mine upon the Actions ●…f these perfumed civet Cats, and ex●…lling their arrogance, he broke out ●…f a sudden into an immoderate fit of ●●ughter, whereupon being prompted ●…y so great a Miracle as to see an He●…eclitus so merry, he being a melan●…holy Man, I enquired the more cu●…ously into the Cause; whereupon he ●…pply'd, that he was always subject to so strange an alteration whenever he reflected upon any of that Stamp tha●… were used to play High and Low. Thi●… new Proverb awakened in me a farthe●… inclination to dive deeper into th●… matter; Whereupon he was pleas'●… to add, these Fellows play High whe●… they boast themselves descended from the greatest Monarches of the World or perhaps from those Heroes that ow'●… their Protection to the wooden Horse Priding themselves in their shining Habits, or numerous troop of Followers, or sometimes Raving, disdain company, because they imagine amongst their Equals there is none able to Vie●… with 'em, or because they hate those they think may Eclipse their borrowed Virtues with their real Light. But on the other side they sometimes don't stand upon playing Low, when they can submit to break a Jest with the veriest Mobb, or Converse with the vilest Buffoons, to whom they shall freely communicate all their thoughts and Interests. And moreover to show 〈◊〉 preposterousness of these Animals 〈◊〉 ●…hey have never so rich and new 〈◊〉 ●…it, they shall wear only a greasy 〈◊〉 hang-eared Hat, and trail along ●…r'em a pair of cobbled rusty Shoes; 〈◊〉 I would have you take that for ●…nted, you'll never see 'em with ei●●r a good Peruke or Stockings: In ●●rt they do every thing in extremes, 〈◊〉 are always in the wrong. Be ●…as'd therefore to survey that tool of ●●rs in all his Actions, and you'll a●●e with me there may be such a ●…eature as I describe; for these Cox●●bs like the Cat, tho' they be ●…nsform'd into a beautiful Lady, 〈◊〉 still be running after Mice when ●●y might be better employed. We ●●●not hope for a change of Nature, ●…m that of Habit; good Actions ordinations if they are not brought ●…th us into the World or imbibed in 〈◊〉 Cradle, are never sincere, for they 〈◊〉 neither be bought with Money, nor ●●●chas'd by Honours; for tho' it be ●…arrant Maxim Quod honores mutant Moors; yet it is always to be understood for the worse, and Dignitie●… and Honours overcloud the sight, insomuch that these dignifyed people fo●… the most part forget their Friends, Benefactors, Parents, and commonly themselves. Moderation in the enjoyment of any purchased Honour, is rather the effect of an accidental Reason than any Innate real Being. Th●… proportioning my duty always t●… your Commands, I Subscribe, etc. LETTER XLV. The Kid to the Hee-Goat. Upon Travel. WIth the same awful Respect th●… a dutyful Son ought to a●…proach his Reverend Father, do I ta●… my Pen in hand to pay you the Trib●… of my humble Acknowledgements; a●… to acquaint you that with the gene●● ●…plause of the whole University, I ●●ve at length attained the Degree of ●…octor. I persuade myself there●…e that you will not be less glad of ●…e Honour has been done me, than ●●ll pleased that I have not so unprofi●●ly spent my time and squandered ●…ay my substance, as other Scholars ●…ve done before me; so that now ha●…ing performed all that can be required 〈◊〉 a dutiful Child, I once more tres●…ass upon your unlimited Bounty for a ●…vour I have hopes you will not please ●…o deny. And that is my Genius in●…lining me naturally to Travel, and ●…ing like to have the good and virtu●…s Company of some of my Fellow-●●udents, who are to resolved to run ●…hrough the greatest part of Europe, 〈◊〉 was Ambitious to beg your blessing ●…nd leave to go along with 'em, for the ●…dvantage of their Conversation adds ●…e greater impulse to my desires: ●…ould you be pleased therefore to grant 〈◊〉 your consent, and convenient Ne●…essaries for so long a Voyage. And let it not seem hard to you, Sir, to 〈◊〉 at this extraordinary Expense, for that is not wholly thrown away that contributes the least Improvement to our Minds. Consider, Sir, that standing Waters soon corrupt, and that he who has not seen any other Walls but those of his own Country, either rusts in Ease, or rots in Vice. I for my part think them Fools that having it in their Power to see the Magnificencies of Cities, to view the Strength of their Situations, to Survey the vastness of Kingdoms, the populousness of Provinces, the rapacity of Rivers, th●… profundity of Seas, the steepiness of th●… Apennine Mountains, with whatever else the World contains of Pleasure o●… Wonder; should all the day sit poring on a trifling Map, and finding only a Point for the greatest Cities, and the breadth of a Barley Corn for the largest Empires, pretending moreover with a limited Compass to measure the immensity of this vast World; which to make the least of it is a Globe, and ●…refore I suppose esteemed by them 〈◊〉 no more consideration than a Cy●…er. How many of these Blockheads ●●aring the Island of Crete named, do absently imagine it a piece of Clay to ●●ke Pots with, because in Italian 〈◊〉 is Crêta. And reading at any time 〈◊〉 the Canaries, do believe 'em a par●●l of Wenches dancing the Canaries: ●…herefore to prevent my being like ●…ne of these, I once more beg leave to reinforce my former Petition to grant ●●e this Innocent satisfaction which in 〈◊〉 self contains nothing but an inclination to acquire virtuous Actions, and which are always best learned from o●●er Men's manners: So humbly Subscribe, etc. LETTER. XLVI. The Hee-Goat's Answer. Upon the same. YOur Letter gives me a great deal of comfort, whilst you acquaint me that you have made an honourable use of your Studies; which tho' they have been no ordinary charge to me, yet I'm resolved not to deprive you of the virtuous Recreation you desire. You will therefore herewithal receive sufficient necessaries for your Voyage; but I must first sorewarn you (being an Italian) of the too frequent use of those three Rs, which in one of our Courts is so nicely and rigorously practised. The first, which is Ridere, to ridicule, snear or grin at any body, or to use Artifices to deceive, is not prudent to practise amongst Foreign Nations; for they being of a more candid, sincere, and serious Temper, mightily abhor ●●ch liberties, dissimulation, or deceit. 〈◊〉 to the Second Rodere, to detract, 〈◊〉 rail against, which is commonly in ●…se with those that see others Advanced ●…ver their heads to Dignity and Ho●…our, for few regard another's greatness without Envy or Ill-will; therefore if we are naturally subject to such 〈◊〉 principles, it were best to conceal 〈◊〉 as much as we can, for he must sometimes be content with bitter Entertainment, that has a mind ever to ●…dvance his Fortune. Lastly, Rádere, ●…o oppress, or molest, in an universal Odium; for he that Esteems his Liberty cannot well endure the Yoke of a ●…ordid and cruel Slavery. And you'll and in Travelling that many Nations are now become Free-States by the Tyranny and Oppression of their Governors, that otherwise would have been contented with an ordinary or tolerable Vassalage. You must necessarily converse with different tempers, therefore would do well to conform yours as variously: But I should be too prolix to pretend to instruct you in all the Finesses you must practise to avoid disgusts. Therefore shall only advise you these two; that whenever your Baggage is visited by Searchers, be sure to have patience with 'em and bear their Impertinencies as easily as you can, for they knowing no other Equity than common Pilsering and Griping will be sure to have the Court and Law on their side. But above all, take care of the precarious Ceremony of the Court; for there you'll find Ambition and Avarice have the disposal of every thing. The blessing of Heaven smile upon your Undertake, whilst I am able to do no more than to pray for your prosperity, and so Subscribe, etc. LETTER XLVII. The Bull to the Buffalo. Upon Impotence. Am very much solicited by some Friends to Marry, and my Age tells I must not be long about it, if I ●…end to have any comfort or plea●… in my Wife, for a decrepit old ●●sband is seldom very welcome to a ●●ng buxom Married Woman; ●●erefore I have recourse to your good●… for Advice in this difficult and ●●gerous Affair, which admits of no ●…eration after the Holy Words are ●●nounc'd. There are a great many ●…ung Creatures offered me, and a●●ngst the rest an Heiser considerably ●●ch in Fortune, but more abundantly ●…ovided of Friends, and I am told ●…at the multiplicity of these will be ●●y necessary to defend me against 〈◊〉 Calumnies of ill people, which now seeing me single, never cease to persecute wherever they are able. But nevertheless I would not willingly go from one extreme to another, leaving a free State for a servile, and therefore direct my Sails to you as a safe Pilot to conduct me into an Harbour you have so often experienced, and got so advantageously clear of the Rocks and Sands, of Rivals and Ill-humours. I shall impatiently attend this Honour you will do me, and which will be so much the more obliging as it is accompanied with your Commands: So Subscribe, etc. LETTER XLVIII. The Buffaloes Answer. Upon Marriage. SO weighty an obligation as your gentle persuasive Letter has laid upon me, I must yield myself altogether unable to sustain, for how can I thought sufficient to advise another 〈◊〉 a thing I have been so much wan●…g in to myself? You say you are ●●cited by some friends to Marry, ●●erefore who ought to contradict it? ●…nd you argue very strongly for it; ●…erefore who dares not be convinced; 〈◊〉 I should dissuade you from Marrying, it would be a depriving you of ●…he many benefits, especially Money, ●…hat attend it. And if I should advise you to it, how many Curses and Im●…ecations would you shower on my ●…ead for the accidental misery I might bring you into? In this perplexed Dilemma I know not which side to choose. Nevertheless, to show you my Love and Friendship can conquer all other considerations, I'll do my best to comply with your desires. When you can no longer refuse putting your feet into the Fetters, be sure to make use of no Matchmaker, but consult only your own Inclinations, for women are not like to be put off and on when you please: Neither would I have you wait too long, lest your Hairs grow grey, for the dew of Love is always rendered insipid by mixing with the Frost of old Age. Your choice of the Heiser does not displease me, and the rather because you'll run no risk to be pointed at as others are, for She by ancient Heritage wearing the largest Horns, you'll have no reason to fear you shall be enroled amongst those Coxcombs who believe the Honour of their Families wholly placed between their Wife's legs, to be disposed of, and managed at their discretion. But nevertheless, I do not like her being so Rich, for Men that Mary such Women many times bring into their Families an insupportable Mistress: Also Parents should not be reckoned amongst the number of Friends, for they are commonly no longer pleased with the Match than they can benefit by it. And believe me, Sir, if the various vicissitudes of Affairs in this World, should require you to ask their Assistance, you would find they should 〈◊〉 the first that would rather contri●…e towards your Ruin. These are 〈◊〉 the Race of those people who pro●●e a great deal but give nothing, ●…d who in time of Calamities and Mis●…tunes never know you. They are ●…e Whores who caress their Cullies so ●…ng as they have any Guineas left, ●…t despise and spit at 'em when they 〈◊〉 gone. These are my thoughts up●● this matter, which I humbly offer 〈◊〉 your Consideration, whilst I Subscribe, etc. LETTER XLIX. The Wolf to the Otter. Upon Monopolising. I Esteem Hunting one of the most Noble and Virtuous Recreations that can be admitted into a civil Soci●…ty, for it is as it were a School where the Art of War is learned. Do but observe, Sir, how Ambushes are every where set to take the Beast at a nonplus, and fresh Dogs always kept in reserve to hinder him taking the Water. Now see him Earthed, and almost as speedily forced out again by the barking of Dogs, and cries, and beating of the ground by the Huntsmen; scarce is he out of his Borough, but he finds himself surrounded with a numerous Troop of his Enemies all ready to devour him, which he being as sensible of, immediately puts the wings of swiftness upon his feet, and commits his Life and Liberty to a speedy flight, but at length being overtaken by the swifter Dogs, he is obliged to cast himself into a round, where on all sides he skirmishes with the close Assaults of his Adversaries. But at length finding a little disorder in their Charges, he takes his opportunity and nimbly rushes through 'em, when in full career beating along the Plain he is suddenly stopped and forced to turn, when ●●dging to and fro, and making short ●●d irregular fetches, he politicly a●…ids the greedy attempts of his Pur●…ers. Sometimes he squats under a ●…rong Hedge, and there hides himself, ●…nd sometimes he feigns the courage of a Champion, and seems not to be ●…fraid nor cares for quiting his Post, ●…nless he is beat out of it: In truth in this Exercise one does both Battle and Encamp, and the Conquest is always ●…o much the welcomer as it has been won with more toil and labour. This Pastime has been heretofore my darling practice; but now as we use to say, I have hung up my Arms in the Temple of Peace, not because my Vigour failed me, for I am yet as well provided as ever, but because the Governor of this City has published a rigorous Edict, forbidding with severest threats, all Persons of whatever Quality Estate or Condition, to Hunt or Kill any wild Beast with Dogs, Nets, or otherwise; being resolved to reserve those Pleasures and Recreations wholly to himself. Thus you may see Sir, to what degree the Ambition of governing oftentimes extends itself, and how it will subvert even the Laws to humour it's own caprices. The wild Beasts that freely walk the Forests, do not naturally wear the Livery of any Owner, but such as can make 'em so; therefore why should not any body be at liberty to make themselves Masters of 'em. If Jus gentium be inviolable in the persons of Ambassadors, and which oftentimes causes Wars to maintain; why should it not be the like in Hunting, which has the same Authority for its protection? Those must needs be very Tyrants that pretend to prescribe Laws to the Forests; heretofore there have been Theatres erected, where people might Exercise themselves with wild Beasts, but sure not with intent to betray those to punishments that should so eminently expose their lives: I believe by this time I have fully satisfied your curiosity; therefore shall only beg you would be ●●s'd to comply with mine, in sen●… some of the freshest News at ●…urt, which has happened upon ac●…nt of Titles or Precedency; and ●…'ll infinitely oblige, etc. LETTER L. The Otter's Answer. Upon Titles. 〈◊〉 Know that Fame has been very careful to publish the Dissensions that we happened lately between two Courti●…, and I cannot believe but that she ●…de use of her swiftest Wings in the ●…osecution. The rumour indeed has ●…en great, nay, so very extraordina●…y, that if the King's Authority had ●…t interposed to appease the Tumult, ●…ey would certainly have gone from ●…ords to blows. The story is this, ●…me few days since his Majesty was ●…as'd to Confer the Title of Marquis on Signior Rangifero, without giving him either Lands or Jurisdiction, but which he was nevertheless forced to purchase with some Gold. This Dignity instead of placing him in an advantageous Post, and augmenting his Fortune, has obliged him to a great many superfluous expenses far above his ability; and in short, rather contributed towards his Ruin, than Advancement. Nevertheless he was always envious of the seeming good Fortune of Signior Conte Elidro, and bore him mortal hatred, but whilst h●… was his Inferior he was forced to dissemble: But afterwards being rais'●… to this eminent Dignity, he though●… he might very justly claim Precedency, and also the Title of most Illustrious: Whereupon meeting the Coun●… one day in the Antichamber, he se●… his hands to his side, and taking the Wall proudly strutted by him, which the Count observing, in a great rag●… was going to strike him, but remembering where he was, he declined that intent, and contented himself only ●…th giving him a fill up, and whispe●…g a Challenge into his Ear, telling ●…n afterwards aloud, That he could 〈◊〉 deserve to precede him, or to be ●…ited with the Title of Most Illustri●●, that should boast his Honour not ●…im his own Merit, but the sordid ●●lifications of his pocket; and that ●●ght or hereditary virtues ought 〈◊〉 to take place of active and inhe●…nt. This contention caused great ●…sturbance in the Court, and the ●…ng was immediately acquainted with ●●eir Proceed; who as speedily ●…s'd 'em both to be Arrested, con●…ng 'em within the Walls of his Pa●●e, under threats of the severest ●…oofs of his Displeasure if they diso●…y'd; and moreover to the end that ●…ch inconvenient practices might be ●…err'd for the future, he commanded 〈◊〉 Attorney General to make a strict ●…quiry into the matter, and to pro●…unce as rigorous Judgement upon the ●…ffender as the Case would bear. Both Parties wearied more than 〈◊〉 Pen of the Prime Advocates of th●… Universities to support and maintai●… their Reasons. This affair was deb●…ted several days, and every body wa●… in earnest expectation of his Decision when the Attorney General pronounced that the Title of Most Illustrious became only such Marquis' 〈◊〉 had Estates to maintain it, and therefore did not belong to such as ha●… none: Also that it was a mere foll●… for them that enjoyed such Titles a●… Honorem tantum, to covet to be saluted after that manner, when the●… scarce deserved that of Illustrious; Also such Dignities end with their Live●… for their Sons soon lose 'em if they Inherit nothing, and that to be abus 〈◊〉 with bare Titles, is no more than t●… be a King at Chess or Cards, who a●… only dignifyed for other People's a●…vantage. Also he would not allow such Marquesses to have any other T●…tle but that most trivial one of S●● Thus ended this Titular Trial, but 〈◊〉 without satisfying every body, that 〈◊〉 that buys Preferment is not to be unpared with him that gets it by his ●…n Merit. Receive this short Narra●…e in part of that mighty debt, that ●…mits the greatest part of my life to 〈◊〉 obedience of your Commands, ●…ilst I Subscribe, etc. LETTER LI. The Bear to the Red-Deer. Upon Heraldry. 〈◊〉 Acknowledge the Genealogical 〈◊〉 Cart you were pleased to send me, 〈◊〉 be the Work of an ingenious Pen; ●…d that the Author of it deserves a ●…eat deal of commendation, whilst from ●●e Stem he makes so many Branches ●…urish. But if I may have leave to ●…ve my opinion against those that ●●st their Descent from Monarches, ●●d who make a specious pretence to a Pedigree which they delineate according to their own vain fancies, I coul●… tell you that there is need of othe●… means to prove their Quality Ab immemorabili, than musty Privileges 〈◊〉 or old Epitaphs. Therefore because 〈◊〉 good Coat of Arms may be found upon an ancient Tombstone, must i●… needs follow that all those that may be buried under it, must of consequence have descended from one of that Race 〈◊〉 Also because there may possibly come into the hands of an ordinary fellow an old Wormeaten Parchment, wherein mention might be made of the Fabii, Metelli & Africani: Must i●… hence undeniably follow that he was descended from these Heroes? Also may it be allowed sufficient to Ennoble a Family what an Historian relates perhaps from the suggestion of one that has a mind to appear in Print 〈◊〉 Then because corruptions of Ages have permitted every Commoner to bear his Helmet; must it be granted that they were all Soldiers or Generals, or descended from any such? Also because now every one has a Mantle to 〈◊〉 Coat of Arms; must they needs ●●ve their Origin from Dukes, Mar●…esses, or Counts? And lastly, because sometimes a Titular coxcomb ●…ay bear the King's Crown; must he ●…eeds be of the Royal Family? No, ●…o, these are but the follies of Ambition. Believe me, Sir, in matters of Ge●…ealogy, we have no surer Evidence of our Origin than from the Earth, out of which we were formed; and which being made up of so many A●…omes, it is no wonder if it should produce the like in us. Nature herself in the circumvolution of Years, turns all things topsie turvy; therefore consider, Sir, if these Professors of Genealogy can be reasonably allowed to know the true Origin of Families? Oh how many are there now who ●…re poor and beggarly, yet had Ancestors that were great Men! And on ●…he other side, how many that now ●●t on Thrones, and Courts of Justice, who were descended from some of th●… vilest of Mankind? The clearest among the Planets is not free from spots; amidst the brightest part of it splendour, there may be observed som●… shades. But that which concerns m●… most of all is, that Gold should hav●… the power to purchase Honour, whe●… Birth and Merit are taken no notic●… of. So with humble demonstrations of Love and Friendship, I Subscribe, etc. LETTER LII. The Red-Deer's Answer. Upon Orthography. YOu have discoursed very prudently upon those that have a mind to Illustrate their Families by Genealogies, and I have observed that our Author having a mind to imitate the modish way of writing, has all along adorned his discourse with Similitudes, Metaphors, Allegories, Hyperboles, ●…nd such like Embellishments. And ●…ecause the Italian Tongue has been ●…ery much reformed, for if Bembo ●…ere now living, who was heretofore ●…he Ornament of our Language; he would be no more esteemed of than a ●…allad-singer, if he did not alter his ●…hrase, and skill; therefore our Ge●…ealogist has made use of a manner of writing so very bestial and foreign; ●…hat it is enough to put one's whole ●…abrick into disorder. But pretermit●…ing this vocabular extravagance, I ●…hall say something of the correction of the Alphabet. At this day there ●…s more strife amongst our Professors of Orthography for the letter H, than Caesar had heretofore for the Roman ●…mpire. For woe be to him that shall ●…ow dare to write Huomo, Hora, Hono●…e, etc. for he would be presently o●…er-run with laughter, and the Title ●…f Ass would be the best compliment should be bestowed upon him; but how depraved are our Ears, whils●… they are not able to distinguish a graceful sound, which H always gives to the word, when without it, it is both languid and dull. But because one erro●… brings in another; I shall observe that 'tis much worse where a T is refused for a Z; these Cripplemakers not perceiving that in the Italian Tongue it is much sweeter and stronger to say Oratione, Affectione, than Orazione Affezzione. Where 'tis plain that Z renders the pronounciation harsh and difficult, and changes the Tuscan Tongue into Doctor Gratian. The communication of foreign Languages with the Tuscan, has rather corrupted than enriched it, as many believe, introducing a greater Esteem for the Letter Z, which is the Symbol o●… Death; than for the Letter T which presages Life. But I should have enough to do, if I should go about to call in question the Modern Orthography any farther; for I should never be able to effect any thing more, but to procure myself the Universal Odium of the Learned. Therefore I end my Letter, not being willing to be enroled amongst those that writ Apologies, Subscribing, Yours, etc. LETTER LIII. The Ape to the Monkey. Upon Courtesans. THe Soldier and Courtesan, in my opinion are so very like, that it would be accompanied with impossibility to venture to decide which Profession ought most to be avoided. The Courtesan vends her Beauty, and Merchandizes, the gifts of Heaven and Nature, with the vilest Usury. For he that is poor, must not think to be admitted into her Conversation, whose heart is always Mercenary: The Soldier submits his Life and Liberty for a few pence and a little painful Pay. If this is wanting, he either licentiously Mutinies, or runs a Rebel to those places where he thinks Rewards and Stipends are more frequent and just. Hope is the Soul that gives Motion to both these Bodies. One is not better disposed to Assaults, Battles, or Slaughter of Enemies, than through hopes o●… a Reward, with promises of the Sacking some besieged City, or Plundering a routed Army. The other, allured by rich Presents, and betrayed by golden offers, what hazards will she not undergo, to ruin no less her hated Riva●… than beloved Gallant; for she has ever more regard to her own Interest than either the Life or Estate of her dear Narcissus. The Soldier's more cruel than the fiercest wild Beast, and as much a stranger to Pity as Faith; a●… lose lascivious Woman's perfidy is clear, her Deceit apparent, her Cruelty manifest, and her Reasons plain. She is never at rest till she's revenged of a Friend that advises her against Pollutions she gets by; but yet she seems to differ from the Soldier in this, that her Practice being to promote the delights of the Senses, she cannot well be said to act with force or violence. Nevertheless, considering the World has long since bestowed on Soldiers the glorious Epithets of Great and Magnanimous, and on the contrary on Whores, those of Vile and Infamous I conclude, that a Soldier ought to be more esteemed of in a civil Commonwealth, than a lose and idle Courtesan. Thus much I have been able to write, to obey, not contend, with your sublimer Genius; and I would humbly entreat your singular goodness, not to refuse your Answer to the enclosed Question I have sent you, whereby you may acquire perpetual Fame; whilst I, confessing myself all along an Admirer of your wondrous Abilities, conclude, Yours obliged without power to make any tolerable return, but which will nevertheless be always the earnest endeavour of, etc. LETTER LIV. The Monkey's Answer. Upon Politics. I Would willingly comply with your desires, to answer the enclosed; but being to discourse of Political Affairs, which require so acute a Judgement to conceive the occult reasons of the Statists, I know not whether I shall be able to write any thing to the purpose, it being rather a supernatural than ordinary Undertaking to establish sound and unalterable Maxims of Government, for their great variety of circumstances incline 'em the more to mutability. But since you have obliged me to it, I must obey and tell you that in my opinion the ruin of Republics arrises either from Wars, or a greater Force; such as Earthquakes, Whirlpools, Fire, Thunder, Inundations, Plagues, or the like. If therefore a Republic should find itself exposed to any one of these sad Accidents, and the miserable Citizens consequently forced to choose new Members; you require of me whether their number ought barely to be equal to the old; tho' there should not be enough to act in the several Courts of Justice, or other public Stations; or whether they have power to augment themselves to a number necessary for the Defence of their Lives, Laws, and Liberties? For answer therefore I say, that Rulers being to have no other end in their Actions, than Justice, and the public safety of their Subjects, they ought not to take greater care of themselves: For dominion over others was not invented, that he who was possessed of it should only have regard to his own Honour or Interest, but the safety and defence of his People. Plutarch gave this definition of a Republic, Respublica est quoddam Corpus compaginatum ex membris, quod Divini muneris beneficio animatur, summae Aequitatis nutu agitur & quodam lumine rationis regitur. So that if in a natural Body, there be but one only Soul, that reigns in a Republic: Suppose there be one Supreme Authority, which nevertheless may admit many Members; how can this Supreme Authority operate for common Benefit, if it be deprived of any of its parts? An House forsaken by its Inhabiters, quickly falls to ruin; a Ship deprived of its Pilot is soon lost. Now, Lastly, if the number of the new Citizens ought to be greater or lesser than the old; I say, that having regard to the public necessity of Administering Justice, they ought to be suitable to the occasion: But to prevent the many disorders that may happen through Emulation or Contention, which often have pernicious consequences: I should think it more consonant to public Good, that the numbers of 'em should be equal, whilst it is not to be doubted, but that will keep an union in their minds, beget mutual Affection, nourish Peace, and is indeed, the very Soul which maintains and preserves a civil Body. Accept of these my hearty Endeavours, and believe me always proud to acknowledge myself Yours, etc. LETTER LV. The Musk-Cat to the Linx. Upon Dogmatists. FOlly sown and scattered through the World, busies most Men living, and extends its tyrannical Sceptre over an infinite number of People, who are continually pecking and abusing one another; so that if I had a mind to discourse fully on all the Follies, that some have said, and others have done, I might grow more Volumnious than Atlas would be able to support with his Shoulders. Nveretheless, you having desired to know which is the greatest Folly in the World, I shall endeavour to comply with your Commands, tho' I am unable to Act my own wishes. I affirm then that the greatest of all Follies is not Boasting a descent from the Trojan Horse; nor despairing of ever being able to accomplish one's desires: But in endeavouring to make Coxcombs sensible of their Errors, when they obstinately believe themselves always to be in the right, and this I have found true by Experience when I have thought fit to convince a Person of his Bigotry or a Physician of his Ignorance. It remains only now that I desire to know (as I have several times done) why you, that have so excellent Printers in your Province, should seek to have your Works printed elsewhere? Pardon and approve of my well meaning, whilst I rest, etc. LETTER LVI. The Linx's Answer. Upon Licencers. THe daily complaints of those that raise their Reputations by the Press, aught to be a Rule for me to Print my Works under my Eyes, to avoid those errors that the negligence of the Printer often throws upon the Author: But because of two Inconveniencies, the worst is most to be looked after, I shall acquaint you that my principal Motive for a Foreign Impression, was to avoid the churlish Censure of Supervisors, that have read nothing, and are no Judges. There are such in this Province so very unreasonable, that because they have raised their dwarfish wit to a Giant conceit, we must accommodate our humble and modest meaning to their fancied Standard. These Beetles, bred out of the Excrements of other People's Collections, pretend to Judge of the Odours of Learned Writings, whose fragrancy destroys their very Being, arising out of Filth and Jakes. He that writes for another's Instruction ought to be no small Friend to correction: Nor should he take it ill that his Compositions are sometimes moderately censured by wise and able Critics. But, on the other hand, if they will be so severe as to endeavour to suppress a noble Undertaking for want of a necessary perfection, he may be reasonably allowed to take it amiss. Heaven prosper all your excellent Writings, and defend 'em from the false Judgements of busy pretenders, who may either condemn 'em to the Flames or Shades, both alike injurious to ingenious Men, whilst I Subscribe, etc. LETTER LVII. The Ermine to the Weasel. Upon Treachery. A Damned confounded Mule has played me a scurvy trick; for all along, dissembling the ill will he bore me, he desired to be employed in a certain Affair, that very much related to my Interest, and whose good success absolutely depended upon his Management; when I, deceived by his courteous Offers, revealed to him the greatest Secrets of my breast, and committed my whole dependence to his discretion: And thereupon writing him a loving Letter, that he should be fully satisfied with my Gratitude, the perfidious Beast was pleased to wrest my honest meaning to an ill sense, and would have fain interpreted me guilty of a Crime I never so much as dreamed of. And laying aside all Truth and Friendship, thought to support his Accusation, by denying he ever had any thing to do with me. Thus, Sir, you may see how dangerous it is to confide in any one that has once professed himself one's Enemy; but one would think so wise a Court of Justice, should not give credit to a Beast that had before been Convicted in it of Perjury; yet we see the practice of the World, and I must prepare for my Defence, that I may endeavour at least to satisfy good People of my Innocence, tho' I am unjustly Sentenced to this imminent punishment: Thus deploring my hard Fortune, I recommend Yours to your tutelary Genius: And so Subscribe, etc. LETTER LVIII. The Weesel's Answer. Upon the Same. YOu ought not to wonder or complain, Sir, of one that acts according to his Nature, if he cannot be well supposed to behave himself otherwise; and if you receive any damage by his means, you should rather consider it as the necessity of his Inclinations, than blame his breach of Articles. How could you imagine or expect any Friendship from one that by Nature is Barren and Fruitless? Ill interpretations, whence can they proceed but from a perfidious Mind? All thoughts are originally derived from the heart, and 'tis easy for any body to imagine a Crime in one he desires it in. A resolution of so great a consequence as threatened Life, one would think, should have been better considered of; but where Reason is guided by Passion, the wisest Court of Justice is always blind; where Interest no●… choice pretends a Friendship Treachery is never far off; where Malice sways the Sceptre, Injustice is ever near▪ Comfort yourself therefore, Sir, with this certainty, that Heaven does not roll its Spheres for greater Ends than the protection of the Innocent; in the mean time, Accept of my hearty Compunction, whilst I Subscribe, etc. LETTER LIX. The Bear to the Civet-cat. Upon Servants. I Am satisfied you will have occasion to laugh, as soon as ever you receive this Letter; it being composed of nothing else but Complaints, against a subject of the Gallows: I mean a Servant of mine, who by his negligence and rashness, is become very deserving of such a punishment. When this Fellow came first to live with me he promised mighty matters; endeavouring to persuade me he was qualified with all the Sciences; and that he possessed many other Arts; which made me the easier condescend to receive him into my House; though must confess he was but a shabby Fellow: Yet the consideration of being Universally obeyed by one Man, made me dispense with all other difficulties: He was extraordinary diligent, and peaceable for one Month, that I could not desire better. But because every right side has its wrong, at length, having a mind to give me farther proofs of his Excellencies; he began to play the part of a Physician, and feel the pulse of my Bottles; and because the sweet Liquor might not create choler, he took care to let 'em often Blood. Also he made use of Spring Water to qualify the superfluous heat: From thence he went into the Granary, where he also behaved himself like a very skilful Geometrician, dividing and parting the Corn into many Figures. And because that he had often scruples about the Measure; he was very diligent to make frequent trials at the Market, and so, in short, soon emptied my Granary. The Magaziners are very cunning at Venice, in showing their Chapmen a pair of heels, but they must yield themselves outdone by my Arithmetician, who goes far beyond 'em in the Multiplication of shifts; having taken especial are to make 'em by Sea, that he might ●…ot by a long and heavy Pen be obliged ●…o make a convenient substraction to ●…is Roguery. I almost forgot to acquaint ●…ou, How he had a great mind to be thought a Philosopher, for having often times read to the Chambermaid the pleasing subject the Generatione & Corruption, he at length became so absolute a Master of his Art, that with his frequent application and her assiduous attention, she began to be a little Dropsical; and her Belly afterwards increasing, was a means to give her occasion to think of Godfathers. For this and other causes I am at present without a Servant, so that if you would oblige me with one of your Experience, or whose Manners you are sufficiently acquainted with, I should esteem it no small favour conferred upon, etc. LETTER LX. The Civit-Cat's Answer. Upon the same. HE that is moderately Rich, as many believe, is not always the happiest Man; for where other misfortunes have no power over him, that of being plagued with bad Servants will make him miserable enough. To be served by qualified Persons makes no difference. For he that shall thirst after Honour and Riches, to make this Experience, will find that Great Men's Servants, as well as Poor, are Slaves to Interest and Advantage; and that they are to be distinguished only by their Habits. For the first feeding themselves with hopes, and thinking to advance their Fortunes, by the munificence of their Masters, either deceive 'em with Flattery, or Tyrannise over 'em with their double Tongues. When the others also knowing they have parted with their Liberty for a few Pence, will be always ready to make use of shifts to recompense themselves for that which fewer Covetousness has taken from them; and because they are less sensible of the wounds of Reputation, they will be always more prepared to act any manner of Villainy. In short, the greater is our Number of Servants: No lesser is that of our Enemies. 'Tis folly to think that these will serve to Augment a Man's Fortunes, when the very Name of a Servant carries in it their destruction and depression, as we may find by this significant Anagram, of Servitore, O Res Vrit! These are the Generation of Vipers meant in the Scriptures: Therefore you would do very well to give over thinking of one of any tolerable Honesty or good Manners, amongst 'em, it being impossible that so good qualities should be found in such mean and base Souls. Nevertheless, I shall do my best to gratify your desires, whilst I subscribe, etc. FINIS. Books lately Printed for Daniel Dring, at the Harrow and Crown, near Clifford's Inn, in Fleetstreet. THE Life of that Incomparable Princess, Mary, our late Sovereign Lady, of ever Blessed Memory; who departed this Life, at her Royal Palace at Kensington, the 28th. of December, (1694.) in 12o. Price 1 s. 6 d. An Essay on Grief, with the Causes and Remedies of it. 12o. Price bound, 1 s. Albania, A Poem, humbly offered to the Memory of our late Sovereign Lady, Mary, Queen of England, etc. Addressed to her Royal Highness, by Mr. Dove. Price 6 d. A satire upon the Town, addressed to a Friend in the Country, dissuading him from coming up. Price 6 d. A Poem on the Death of our late Sovereign Lady, Queen Marry; by C. Cibber. Price 6 d. Plays in 4ᵒ. Country Wife's Rehearsal. Gentleman Dancing-Master. Empress of Morocco. As also all other sorts of Plays, Novels, etc.