THE PARSON'S Vade Mecum:  
Containing choice Observations about the accounts of the Year, Ecclesiastical Censures, of the Primitive Fathers and their writings, a Catalogue of the Archbishops, Bishops and Deans in England and Wales, their Election, Consecration, Instalment, with the Clergies Tenths, and their Valuation in the King's Book; Degrees of Marriage, Nonresidence, Dispensations, Pluralities, Deprivation, Dilapidations, Tithes and Simony, etc.  
Very fit for the Perusal of all Clergymen and Gentlemen.  
Licenced, Novemb. 4th, 1692. E. Bohur.  
London, Printed for T. Salusbury at the King's-Arms near St. Dunstan's Church in Fleetstreet, 1693.   

THE EPISTLE TO THE Clergy-Reader.  
Reverend Sir,  
I Have perused several voluminous pieces concerning the Acts, Offices Qualifications and Privileges of your Sacred Function, and several other matters and Ecclesiastical Histories, Laws and Statutes relating thereto; but in some they lie scattered and immethodical, and in others, the treatises are so prolix, that neither time nor money can well be spared by the inferior laborious Clergy to read or purchase them. I than thought it would be a work not unacceptable to cast my choicest observations into a methodical Abstract; the persuance of which Thought hath produced this little Peice; there are many new things inserted, with which most of the Clergy are unacquainted, and which they will take pleasure to be informed in. The rest are notes out of the Laws and Statutes of this Kingdom under proper Titles, and the abstract of Ecclesiastic Story, which will be very instructive to you in many cases; especially the Chapter of Tithes, which comprehends the principal of the whole Learning thereof, and many new cases lately adjudged, are therein cited. In short, Parson's love to have good pennyworths, and I dare presume to say, That after perusal of this, you will not think twelve Pence ill bestowed.  
I am your Humble Servant R. M.   

THE Parson's Vade Mecum.  

CHAP. I. Short observations of the account and beginning of the Years and Days, Of certain Feast-days, And of Ember Weeks.  
THE English Church and State gins the Year on the 25th day of March, which is also observed in Spain. The Portuguese begin the Year on the 29th day of August. The Venetians on the first of March. The Grecians on the longest day, as the old Romans did on the shortest day.  
The Natural Day consisting of Four and Twenty Hours, is begun at midnight in England. In Italy, Bohemia and Poland, their account is from Sun setting; and at Noremberg and Wittenberg in Germany, according to the old Babylonian account, they begin the first hour after Sunrising to count one of the Clock, and so again at the first hour after Sun set.  
Amongst the Jews, the Night was divided into Four Quarters, or Watches, each Watch containing three Hours. The first they called Caput Vigilarum. The second the Middlewatch, because it ended at Midnight. The third began at Midnight, and held till Three in the Morning, Luke 12. 38. The last, called the morning Watch, began at three, and ended at six, Matt. 14. 25. In the Fourth Watch of the Night Jesus went to them; the first was also called the Evening, the second Midnight, the third Cock-crowing, the fourth Dawning. Ye know not when the Master of the House will come, at Even, or at Midnight, or at Cock-crowing, or at the Dawn, Matt. 13. 35. Their Day was likewise divided into Four Quarters, Matt. 20. As appears by the Parable of the Vineyard. The first Quarter began at six of the Clock in the Morning, and held till nine. The second Quarter ended at twelve. The third Quarter at three in the afternoon, and the fourth at six at night. The first Quarter was called the third Hour, The second Quarter the sixth Hour▪ The third Quarter the ninth Hour, and the fourth Quarter the eleventh Hour.  
The Roman Account is ten Days before our English Account; so that our first day of the Month is their Eleventh Day. This is called Stylo Novo The Old Style or Julian Account is observed by the English Nation, and all other Reformed States (except Holland and Zealand.) The new Style or Gregorian Account is observed by all those still under the Romish Yoke.  
Easter, and other movable Feasts in England are thus sound.  
Shrove-tuesday is always the f●rst Tuesday after the first New Moon of January, except that New Moon happen on a Tuesday, than the next is Shrove-tuesday, and the Sunday following is Quadragesima, and the sixth Sunday after is Easter day; and the fifth Sunday after Easter is Rogation Sunday; and the Thursday following, being forty Days after the Resurrection, is Ascension Day, ten Days after which, or fifty Days after Easter is Pentecost or Whitsunday, and the Sunday following is Trinity Sunday, which computation of the Church of England agrees with all the Eastern Christian Churches; and these Rules were generally received by all Christendom, till Anno Dom. 1582. It was altered by the Pope; yet it cannot be denied but that old Computation is become Erroneous: For by our Rules two Easters will be observed in one Year, as it was in the Year 1667. Advent Sunday is always the fourth Sunday before Christmas Day, or the nearest Sunday to St. Andrews, whether before or after.  
Ember Days, which the Ancient Fathers call Quatuor Tempora, are observed on Wednesday, Friday and Saturday, next after Quadragesima Sunday, Whitsunday, Holy-rood-day in September, and St. Lucyes' day in December; therefore the Lord L. Coke in his three Institutes. Fol. 200. where he saith, These Ember Days are next before Quadragesima, is under a mistake; they are called Ember Days, because our Forefathers would in those Days Eat no Bread, but Cakes made under Ashes; and so it put them in mind they were but Ashes, etc. And that these days were devoutly observed by our Ancestors, we may be persuaded out of the Laws of King Cnute, Ch. 16. Let every man observe the Fasts which are commanded with earnest care, whether it be the Imber Fast or Lent Fast.  
The Ordination of Priests and Deacons is four times in the Year, upon four several Sundays in the Ember Weeks.   

CHAP. II. Of Ecclesiastical Censures.  
THE Punishments inflicted by Ecclesiastical Courts proceed in this manner.  
1. Excommunicatio Minor, From the Lord's Supper, and he that is thus, is disabled to be plaintiff in a Law Suit; this commonly is for Contumacy, in not appearing on Summons, or not obeying Orders; this the Bishop may delegate to any grave Priest with the Chancellor.  
2. Excommunicatio Minor, As for Heresy, Schism, Incest, etc. pronounced by the Bishop himself. If he continue so Excommunicate forty Days, an Excommunicato Capiendo goes out against him, and he is thereby Imprisoned.  
3. Anathamatismus, Against an obstinate Heretic.  
4. Interdictum, Whereby he is prohibited all Divine Offices, as Christian Burial, etc.  

The Punishment of the Clergy, is,  
1. Suspensio ab Officio.  
2. Suspensio a Beneficio.  
3. Deprivatio a Beneficio.  
4. Deprivatio ab Officio, which is degradation.   
Having met with an old Discourse about Excommunication out of the Canterbury Book. I shall here set it down word for word as it was wrote in those times.  
More of Excommunication, the Old Form.  
THE general Sense of Execration was usually denounced four times a year; the Greater and the Lesser Curse. The Canterbury Book saith, Wherefore ye Shullen, understand at the beginning, that this word Curse, is thus much to say, as departing from God and Good Works: Of two manner of Cursing Holy Church telleth, the one is cleped the Lass Curse, the other is cleped the More Curse. That we clepe the Lass Curse is of this strength, that every man and woman that falleth therein, it departeth him from all the Sacraments that been in Holy Church, that they may none of them receive till they be assoiled, etc. The More Curse is much more worse, and is of this strength; for to departed a man from God, and all the Holy Church, and also from the Company of all Christian Folk ne to be saved by the Passion of Christ, ne to be helped by the Sacraments that been done in Holy Church, etc.  
After repeating the Articles of the Curse, the General Sentence was thundered out every Quarter, as the Canterbury Book saith, By the authority of our Lord God Almighty, and our Lady St. Marry, and all Saints of Heaven, of Angels or Archangels, Patriarches and Prophets, Evangelists, Apostles, Martyrs, Confessors and Virgins, also by the Power of all Holy Church, that our Lord Jesus gave to St Peter: We denounce all those Accursed that we have thus reckoned to you, and all those that maintain 'em in her sins, or given 'em hereto either help or council, so that they be departed from God and all Holy Church, and that they have no of the Passion of our Lord Jesus Christ, ne of no Sacraments that been in Holy Church, ne no part of the Prayers amen Christian Folk, but that they be accursed of God, and of Holy Church, from their foole of their foot unto the crown of their head, sleeping and Waking, sitting and Standing, in all her words, and in all her Works, and but if they have grace of God for to amend 'em herein this Life, for to dwell in the Pain of Hell for ever withouten end (Fiat, Fiat,) do to the Book, quench the Candle, ring the Bell, Amen, Amen.   

CHAP. III. Of Bishops and Deans, Election, Consecration, Installation, etc.  
NEXT to the two Arch: bishops are the Bishops of London, Durham and Winchester, the order of the rest being by no other rule, than the Priority of their Consecration.  

The manner of making a Bishop is thus.  
When a Bishop's Sea becomes vacant, the Dean and Chapter give notice of it to the King, and request him to give them leave to choose another; whereupon the King grants them his Congee D'eslire, i. e. leave to Elect, and usually recommends one. Then the Dean summons a Chapter, and they Elect; and they certify the Party Elected, who having accepted it, it is certified to the King and the Archbishop of the Province; whereupon the King gives his Royal Assent under the great Seal of England, which is exhibited to the Archbishop of that Province, with command to Confirm and Consecrate him; then the Archbishop Subscribes Fiat Confirmatio, and gives commission under his Episcopal Seal to his Vicar general, to perform all Acts thereto required; after which the Bishop elect takes the Oaths of Supremacy, Simony and Canonical Obedience.  
Sometime after this follows the Consecration, which in the inferior Clergy is called Ordination, which is performed by the Archbishop of the Province, or some other Bishop commissioned by him, with the assistance of two other Bishops in the Archbishops Chapel, upon a Sunday, or an Holiday after Morning Service.  
Next follows his Installation by virtue of a Mandate from the Archbishop, to the Arch deacon of his Province. This is performed in the Cathedral Church in the presence of a public notary, and the Arch deacon, with the Petty Canons, accompany the Bishop to the Choir, and there place him in a Seat prepared for him, and Te Deum is Sung, and then the Bishop is conducted into the Chapterhouse; after this he is introduced into the King's Presence to do his Homage for his Temporalities, or Barony; and then he compounds for the first Fruits of his Bishopric.  
The Bishops writ Divinae Permissione, the Archbishop writes himself Divina Providentia.  
The inferior Bishops are styled right reverend Fathers in God, the Archbishops most reverend.  
Deans,  and Prebendaries are the Dignified Clergy.  
Deans of the Old Foundations which were before the Suppression of Monasteries, are brought to their Dignities much like Bishops: Whereas the Deans of the New Foundations (upon suppression of Abbeys are installed a much shorter way by virtue of the King's Letters Patents, without either Election or Confirmation. The chief of the Prebendaries is the Subdean, who supplies the Deans Place in his Absence.  
The Archdeacon's upon the Bishop's Mandate are to induct Clerks into their Benefices.  
Vicars properly Officiate in those Live which are called Impropriations, of which there are in England no less than 3845. For above a third part of the best Benefices of England being anciently by the Popes Grant Appropiated to Monasteries towards their Maintenance, were upon the dissolution of the Monasteries made Lay-Fees.    

CHAP. IU. A Chronological Table showing in what Ages the Primitive Fathers lived, and Memorable things happened; and some other Memoirs of Ancient Times.  
ST. Peter and St. Paul suffered Martyrdom at Rome, Anno Christi. 65.  
Jerusalem Sacked and B●rnt, Ann. Christ. 70. And therein 110,000. of the Jews Perished, and 9,000▪ taken Prisoners.  
Linus Martyred at Rome, Anno 77.  
Titus commands Josephus his History of the Jewish War to be laid up in the Library at Rome, Anno. 80.  
The second Persecation, Anno 90.  
St. John wrote the Book of Revelation, Anno 94.  
St. Clemens Bishop of Rome is thrown into the Sea, with an Anchor tied about his Neck, Anno 100  
The third Persecution began 107. under Trajan.  
Ignatius Martyred by wild Beasts, Anno. 107.  
Onesimus Stoned at Rome, 109.  
The Fourth Persecution under Adrian, 117.  
Aquila a Kinsman of Adrian the Emperor, first turns Christian and then Jew, Translates the old Testament into Greek, Anno. 128.  
Justin Martyr converted to Christianity, Anno. 132.  
Marcus the first of the Gentile Converts, made Bishop of Jerusalem, all hitherto having been of the Circumcision, Anno. 135.  
Justin Martyr presents his Apology to the Emperor in behalf of the Christians, Anno. 162.  
Justin Martyr suffered Martyrdom Anno. 163.  
St. Polycarp Bishop of Smyrna Martyred, Anno 167.  
Pantaenus a Christian Philosopher opens the Catholic School at Alexandria, Anno. 180.  
The Persecution against the Christians much abated after M. Aurelius his Victory over the Marcomanni gained by the Prayers of the Christian Legion, Anno. 174.  
Lucius a King of Britain sends Letters to Pope Eleutherius for Christian Preachers, Anno. 186.  
Clemens Alexandrinus Pantaenus his Scholar and Successor Famous, Anno. 194.  
Pope Victor revives the Controversy about the Celebration of Easter, threatens to Excommunicate the Asiatic Churches, for which he is severely reproved by Iraeneus, Anno. 196.  
Tertullian Writes his Apology, Anno. 200.  
Sixth Persecution, wherein Ireneus suffers Martyrdom in France, Anno. 202. under Severus.  
Origen sets up a School at Alexandria, Anno. 203.  
Minutius Felix flourished A. 207.  
Ulpian the Lawyer flourished An. 223. who instigated a cruel Persecution at Rome.  
Origen Persecuted and Synodically condemned by Demetrius Bishop of Alexandria, Anno. 230.  
Plotinus Scholar to Ammonius, 232  
The seventh Persecution under Maximinus, Anno 235.  
Babylas' chosen Bishop of Antioch, Anno. 239.  
Cyprian chosen Bishop of Carthage Anno. 248.  
The Eighth Persecution by Decius, Anno 250.  
Great Schisms in the African Church about the Lapsed, Anno. 251.  
The Novatian Doctrine condemned in a Synod of 60 Bishops at Rome. 252.  
The ninth Persecution under Valerian, Anno. 257  
St. Cyprian beheaded at Carthage, Anno. 258  
Gallienus the Emperor stops the Persecution against the Christians, Anno. 260.  
Paulus Samosetanus Bishop of Antioch is Deposed, and Condemned by a Synod at An●●och, Anno. 270.  
The Manichaean Heresy sprung up, Anno. 277.  
Cyril the 18th Bishop of Antioch, Anno ●78.  
The Persecution under Dioclesian, Anno 3●0.  

Writings falsely attributed to Dyonisius Areopagit● (for the good of Students in Divinity, that they may not be imposed on.)  
De Divinis Nominibus.  
De Mistica Theologia.  
Epistola ad Polycarpum.  
Epist, ad Titum.  
Epist, ad Johannem Evangelistam.   
St. Clemens.  
Epistola ad Corinthios, a genuine Writing, 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉, as Photius styles it, worthy all esteem and veneration; it breathes the true Genius and Spirit of the Apostolic Age.  
Epist. ad Jacobum, Fratrem Domini, is supposititious, so are the Home●iae Clementinae. Constitutiones & Canon's Apostolici.  

Ignatius his Genuine Writing are.  
Ad Ephesios'.  
Ad Trallianos.  
A Philadelphenos.  
Ad Magnesianos.  
Ad Romanos.  
Ad Smyneos.   
Ad Polycarpum, the rest suppositious.  

Justin Martyr's Genuine Writings.  
Paraenesis ad Graecos.  
Apologia pro Christiani, two Parts  
Dialogus cum Tryphone Judae.   

Clemens Alexandrinus, his Genuine Writings.  
Proterxticon ad Gentes.  
Pedagogi, Lib. 3.  
Stromat. Lib. 3.   

Suppositious.  
Commentariola in 1. Epist. Petri.  
Epist. Judae & 3 Epist. St. Johannis.   

Tertullian, his chief Genuine Writings.  
Apologeticus.  
De Spectaculis.  
De Corona.  
Ad Nationes.  
De Idolatria.  
Ad Martyras.  
De Patientia. De Virgin. Valandis.  
De Baptismo. adversus Valentinianos'.  
De Anima. De Resurrectione.   

Cyprian, his Genuine Writings.  
Epistola ad Donatum.  
Epistolae 38. in secessu.  
Epistolae Variae. 8.  
De Disciplina & Habitu Virginum.  
De Lapisis.  
De Vnitate Ecclesiae Catholaecie.  
De Oratione Dominica.  
Ad Demetrianum.  
De Idolorum Vanitate.  
De Mortalitate.  
De Opera & Eleemosynis.  
De Bono Patientiae.  
De Zelo.  
De Exhortatione Martirii ad Fortunatum.  
Testimonium adversus Judaeos.  
Concilium Carthaginense.  
De Baptizandis Haereticis.   
St. Gregory Thaumaturgus, his Genuine Writings. 

〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 ad Origen.  
Metaphrasis in Ecclesiastem:  
B●●●is Exposicio Fidei.  
Epis●ola Canonic●.    
Since the first General Council at Nice against Arrius. 1351 years.  
Since the second General Council holden at Constantinople against the Heresy of Macedonius, who denied the Deity of the Holy Ghost●▪ 1287 years.  
Since the third General Counc●●●g●●nst Pelagius and Nestorius, held at Ephesus 1238 years. Summoned by Theodosius the Second, where in Nestorius himself was present. St. Cyril therein earnestly contended for Christ's Divinity, affirming him one and the same Son of God, begotten of the Father before all Ages, and in the last times made Man of a Virgin; and that the Blessed Virgin ought properly and truly to be called θευτόχος, or the Mother of God. Hereat Nestorius risen up, and told them plainly he would not own a God that grew to Man's Estate by two or three Months, and so forth, and so washed his Hands, and would come no more into their company.  
Since the fourth General Council held at Chalcedon against the Heresy of Eutyches, under Martian, 1216. Years  
The Dioclesian Persecution set on Foot, Anno 303.  
Constantine the great, Emperor, Anno 306.  
Eusebius Caesariensis flourished Anno 229.  
Eusebius wrote a Confutation of Hierocles who wrote against the Christians, as Origen did against Celsus and Porphyry.  
Arius began cunningly to broach his Heresy in the time of Eusebius.  
The Nicene Council summoned under Constantine, Anno 325.  
Athanasius chosen to the Sea of Alexandria, Anno 326.  
318 Bishops met at the Nicene Council, they with their Attendants were Transported to Nice at the Emperor's charge, and maintained at his cost, during their being there. 17 Bishops appeared for the Arian Heresy, wherein Constantine sat as a public Moderator, and Arius was banished into Illyricum.  
In this Council of Nice was debated the Paschal Controversy, concerning the time oi the Celebration of Easter, wherein the Christian World was so much divided; the Eastern Churches observing it after the Jewish Custom, on the 14th day after the Phasis or Appearance of the Moon, the rest on the next Lord's Day after the Jewish Passover. A question controverted from the very infancy of the Church: And in this Council it was Universally agreed to follow the usage of these Churches, whose custom it had heen from all Antiquity, to observe it on the Lord's Day next ensuing the Jewish Festival. In this Council likewise were digested Twenty Canons about Ecclesiastical Discipline, all extant, entire at this day.  
A Synod holden by the Arians at Tyre, where they Try, Condemn and Depose Athanasius, Anno 334.  
Athanasius banished to Triers by Constantine, Anno 336.  
And released by his Son Constantine, Anno. 337.  
Arian Dies a sudden and sad Death, Anno 336.  
Constantine the Great Dies, Anno 337.  
Constantius (to whose share the Eastern Empire sell) and his Empress' favour the Arrians.  
The Synod at Antioch, called Synodus in Encenys, Deposeth Athanasius, Anno 341. But Athanasius Purgeth himself at a Synod at Rome called by Pope Julius.  
The Synod at Sardica, where the Eastern Bishops refuse to join with them in the West, notwithstanding which, Athanasius is heard, absolved and restored, Anno. 347.  
Athanasius condemned by the Arians in a Synod at Arles, Anno. 353.  
Constantius, when the Orthodox Catholic Bishop refused to Subscribe the Arian Tenants, said to them, What I command, let that be your Canon, either submit or be banished.  
The desperate attempts of the Arian Faction at Alexandria, under Count Syrinus, who with a party of 500 Soldiers broke into the Church, where the People were met for their common Devotion, and suddenly rushed in with drawn Swords, Spears, Clubs, etc. The Guards were set round the Church, and the Tragedy began, and there were multitudes Killed, Virgins Abused. Athanasius sat still, till forced by the Monks through the Guards, narrowly escaped; the very Gentiles were ashamed of their Actions. Athanasius retired to the Wilderness, where he enjoyed the Company of devout Hermits; there were two sorts of them Eremitae and Caenobitae, the first were wholly devoted to Solitude, and conversed with none but God and themselves; the other kept in Societies in the midst of Cities; and led Mortified Lives amidst the noise and crowd.  
The Arians held the Son was not Consubstantial, or 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉, but 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉, in substance, and all things like to the Father.  
The Council at Ariminum, by Western Bishops, and at the same time another at Seleucia for the Eastern, Anno 359. The Nicene Creed confirmed.  
Athanasius Dies, Anno 371.  
St. Hillary flourished, Anno 385. he was Bishop of Poitiers in France, and Died there, with this Epitaph on his Tomb, savouring of the Poetry of that Age.  
Hilarius cubat hac fictavus Episcopus Vrna,  
Defensor Nostrae Terrificus fidei.  
St. hilary's writings is in a Language Eloquent in its Kind, though not chaste and genuine; it being true what Erasmus observes upon this occasion, That the Roman Provincials (some few only excepted who were brought up at Rome) seldom or never attained the purity and simplicity of the Latin Tongue, but betray an over anxious Affection of Eloquence.  
St. Basil flourished, Anno 370.  
Prohaeresius was St. Basil's Tutor, a man greatly honoured by the Emperor Constans, who sent him to Rome, where he was honoured with a Statue of Brass, with this Inscription, Rome the Queen of Cities to the King of Eloquence.  
Basil being made Bishop of Caesarea, was a stout defender of the Nicene Faith, Valens the Emperor intending to subdue the East to the Doctrine of Arins, came to Caesarea, attended by Modestus the Pretorean Perfect. Basil is sent for before Modestus, and the Discourse between them was in this manner.  
Mod. What's the matter, Basil, that you presume to oppose so great an Emperor above all the rest? Bas. What do you mean, Sir, what Arrogance do you speak of? I understand you not! Mod. I mean your refusing to comply with the Emperor's Religion, when all others have struck sail to it. Bas. But that is inconsistent with the Command and Will of my Sovereign Emperor; nor can I ever be brought to worship a Creature, or one that is a made God. Mod. What then do you make of us? Basil. Nothing at all, so long as you command such things as these. Mod. But tell me, do not you think it a great Honour to come over to us? Bas. I grant you to be illustrious Persons; yet you are not more Honourable than God. And, know sir, Christianity is to be measured not by Dignity of Persons, but soundness of the Faith. The Perfect in a Passion started out of his Chair and proceeded in a sharper strain. Mod. What, than you are not afraid of the Power we are armed with? Bas. What can happen, what can I suffer? Mod. Any one of those things that are within my Power. Bas. What are they? Confiscation of Goods, Banishment, Tortures, or Death? or if there be any thing worse than these, threaten that; for of these there is none can reach us. Mod. How so? Bas. He is not obnoxious to Confiscation who hath nothing to lose, unless you want these old tattered , and a few Books, wherein consists my whole Estate. Banishment I regard not, who am tied to no place; the whole Earth is God's, whose Pilgrim and Stranger I am. As for Tortures, what can they do, where there's not a Body to bear them? Set aside the first blow, and there's nothing else within your Power. And then for Death, I shall esteem it a Kindness and Benefit; it will but sooner send me to God. Use your Pleasure: Let the Emperor know, you shall never prevail with us to confederate with that impious Sect. As for the Advantage you propound to me, and the Favour of the Emperor, offer these things to Boys and Children, who are wont to be caught with such gaudy Baits. I highly value the Emperor's Favour, when I can have it with Piety, and the Favour of Heaven; but without that, I look upon it as pernicious and deadly.  
Nazianzen flourished An. 371. and is made Bishop of Constantinople.  
Theodosius promotes the Catholic Faith against the Arrians, An. 380.  
The Second General Council holden at Constantinople, An. 381. wherein was Ratified the Nicene Creed, which our Church hath adopted into her solemn Liturgy; which is an Explanation of the old Nicene Creed, especially about the Article of the holy Ghost. In this Council were condemned the Sabellian, Marcellian, Photinian, Eunomian, Apollmarian, and Macedonian Heresies, a short account whereof is as followeth.  
Sabellius asserted the Father, Son, and holy Ghost, are but one and the same Person, distinguished only by Three several Names, and that by Virtue of this Oneness of Persons, the Father might be said to suffer, whence they are sometimes styled Patripassians.  
Marcllus, Bishop of Ancyra, held, that Christ began to be the Son of God at his Incarnation, and that his Kingdom shall continue to the day of Judgement, and then cease. In opposition to this the Council particularly levelled that clause in the Creed, whose Kingdom shall have no end.  
Photius Bishop of Sirmium, held Christ a mere Man, and received the begiuning of his Existence from the Virgin Mary.  
Aetius the Author of the Eunomean Heresy, he corrupted the very Arian Heresy; and held the Son altogether unlike in Nature and Substance to the Father.  
Apollinaris Bishop of Laodicea, held our Lord assumed a Body without an human Soul, his Divinity supplying the room of that, and that the Son of God brought his flesh along with him, when he came from Heaven.  
Macedonius denied the Divinity of the Holy Ghost; and that was the chief reason of calling the second general council.  
Nazianzen in his Writings attained to the true temper of the Grecian Eloquence. Basil excelled in the Panegyric way. Nazeanzen's stile is more Malculine; he did sometimes too far indulge the vein of Oratory, especially in his Encomiastics, wherein he sometimes takes a liberty of making addresses to the dead, which succeeding Superstition improved to formal invocation: he did it with hesitancy 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 if any sense be in departed Souls, of things here below, and so.  

More Oratorio.  
St. Ambrose made Bishop of Milan, Anno 374.  
St. Austin comes to Milan, and is converted by the Sermons of St. Ambrose, 385.  
Chrysostom consecrated Bishop of Constantinople Anno 398.  
St. Austin ordained Bishop of Hippo, Anno 395.   
Chrysostom condemned and deposed in the Synod ad quercum and banished, but soon after recalled and acquitted in another Synod, Anno 403.  
Chrisostom again condemned and banished, Anno 404. by the instigation of the Empress Eudoxia.  
After which Chrisostom underwent grievous persecutions, and suffered many perils by travelling up and down strange Countries, by the malicious contrivance of his Enemies, till he was released by death at Comana Portica, and was buried there in the Tomb of St. Basilifcus the Martyr.  

Eusebius his genuine Works.  
De Preparatione Evangelica, lib. 15.  
De Demonstratione Evangelia.  
Contra Hieroclem.  
Contra Marcellum.  
De Ecclesiastica Theologia.  
Chronicon.  
Historiae Ecclesiasticae, lib. 10.  
De Vita Constantini.  
Oratio de Laudibus Constantini.  
De Locis Hebraicis.  
Epist. ad Caesarienses de fide Nicaena.   

Nazianzen's genuine Works, most of them.  
Apologeticus de fuga sua.  
In Julianum Imp. Invictivae duae.  
Oratio post editum ex fuga.  
Oratio ad Gregorium Nyssenum.  
Oratio de suis Sermonibus.  
Oratio funebris in laudem Caesarii Fratrii.  
De Pace Orat. 3.  
Oratio de Pauperum Amore.  
In Laudem Cypriani Martyris.  
Oratio Funebris in Laudem Basil. Mag.  
Oratio in Laudem mag. Athanasii.  
Oratio de moderatione in disputando.  
Oratio de Dogmate & Constitutione Episcoporum.  
Oratio in presentia 150 Episcoporum habita.  
De Theologia Oration. 5.  
Oratio Panegyrica in Christi nativitatem.  
In Sanct. Baptisma.  
In Pascha, 2.  
In Novam Dominicam.  
In Sanctam Pentecosten.  
In Laudem Martyrum & adversus Arianos.  
Tract. de fide Lat.  
Epistolae 242.  
Testamentum.  
Poemata 64. alia 78.  
De Episcopis, & de hominum ingratitudine Querela.   

Supposititious.  
Metaphrasis in Ecclesiastem. Hoc est opus Gregorii Thaumaturgi.  
Christus Patiens. Tragaedia.   

St. Epiphanius 's genuine Writings, his Style was Mean, but but the Matter weighty.  
Panarium, five Adversus Haereses LXXX. a Choice Book.  
Ancoratus, seu de fide Sermo.  
Aenacephalaeosis, seu Panarii Epitome.  
De Ponderibus & Mensuris Liber.  
Epistola ad Johannem Hierosolymitanum, Lat.  
Ad Hieronimum Epistola, Lat.   
The first Martyr in Britain was St Alban, under Dioclesian's persecution.  
Some will have 100 Christians martyred at Lichfield, which in the Brittish-tongue signifies Golgotha. In allusion thereto the City Arms are a Field Surcharged with Dead Bodies.  
Anno 401. Arrianism having got a little riddance in Britain, Pelagianism succeeded.  
Pelagius was born in Britain, his name Morgan, i. e. near the Sea. Hence his Latin Name. And the same day Pelagius was born in Britain. St. Austin was born in afric▪ His main Errors are,  
1. That no man can be saved without God's Grace by his own Merits and Free will.  
2. That Infants were born without Original Sin.  
3. That they were Baptised, not to be freed from sin, but thereby to be adopted into the Kingdom of God.  
4. That Adam died not by reason of his sin, but by the condition of nature.  
Germanus and Lupus, two French Bishops came and disputed with the Pelagian Doctors, and confuted them.  
Anno 501. Arthur flourished in Britain. It is more than comes to the proportion of Britain, that amongst but nine Worthies in the whole World, two should prove Natives of this Island, Constantine and Arthur. That there was an Arthur is certain, for his Corpse, Coffin and Epitaph were taken out of his Monument at Glassenbury, in the reign of King Henry II.  
Anno 585. Pope Gregory sent Augustine the Monk, and Melitus and forty more to preach the Gospel in Britain: he brought Interpreters with him out of France.  

The Pagan Idols worshipped in Britain were,  
Thur. i. e. Jupiter; hence dies Jovis, Thursday.  
Woden. i e. Mercurius; hence dies Mercury, Wednesday.  
Frea. i e. Venus; hence Friday.  
Seater. i e. Saturn; hence Saturday.  
Tuisco, Mars; since Tuesday.   
The Old Christian Britain's served God in the Mountains, and cared not for Augustine's alamode ceremonies.  
Anno 601. The Archbishopric was translated from London to Canterbury▪ Austin was Archbishop, he calls a Council of Saxon and Britain Bishops, where the Abbot of Bangor spoke as the mouth of the rest; we are under the Government of the Bishop of Carlion upon uske, and above him unto God, without any subordination to Rome. So that Religion came into Britain, not by the semicircle of Rome, but in a direct line from the Asiatic Churches. Hereupon Austin stirred up Ethelbert, King of Kent, to send to the Pagan King of Northumberland to murder 1200 Monks of Bangor.  
Anno 632. Sigebert, King of Eastangles, builded Cambridge; Bede calls him Christianismus, & Doct●ssimus.  
Anno 640. The first Lent was kept in England.  
In the space of 82 years the whole Saxon Heptarchy was converted to Christianity.  
Anno 709. A Synod was called at London to introduce into England the Doctrine of Image▪ worship. Binnius and Baronius say it was brought in by St. Austin the Monk. But it is very improbable Austin would deliver a Doctrine point blank against Gregory that sent him, who most zealously inveighed against all worship of Images in his Epistle ad Serenum Massiliensem.  
Venerable Bede was born in this Age. St. Bede was too much while he lived, but Venerable was a fit medium.  
Anno 790. The Archbishopric was translated from Canterbury to Lichfield by Offa, King of Mercia and Pope Adrian, but soon after it was restored back to Canterbury.  
Anno 867. The Danes enter into the heart of England, and burned the Abbey at Peterburrough, which was fifteen days a burning; and slew the Monks, who were burial in a grave, where one may have four yards square of Martyr's dust, which no place in England else doth afford.  
In these four last Centuries,  
Scriptures were generally read.  
The Original was preferred.  
No Prayers for the dead in nature of propitiation, but only commemoration.  
Communion was under both kinds▪  
Anno 1067. A contest was betwixt the Monks of Glassenbury, and Thurstan their Norman Abbot, he obtruding a service upon them which they disliked; hence Osmond, Bishop of Sarisbury, made a Liturgy for all England; hence the Old Saying, Secundum usum Sarum.  
Anno 1138. Theobald, Archbishop of Canterbury, was styled Legatus natus, which from him was entailed on this See.  
Nicholas Breakspeakers was Pope, by the Name of Adrian the Fourth. We never had but four Popes and an half, I mean Cardinal Pool Pope Elect.  
St. david's may vie Archiepiscopal jurisdiction before Canterbury, as being first Christian, as the old verse hath it about the proportion of pardons given to Pilgrims visiting Religious Places,  
Roma semel quantum bis dat Menevia tantum.  
Anno 1205. Pope Innocent the third assoiled all the English Subjects of their Allegiance from King John. John after granted his Kingdom to the Pope by Pandulphus, who kept the Crown five days in his hands, than it was King Innocent.  
Anno. 1254. About this time the Pope's oppression began to grow intolerable; for it appeared that the Ecclesiastical Revenues of Italians▪ in England amounted to threescore and ten thousand marks per annum, whereas the King's income at that time was hardly twenty thousand.  
King Edward I. expelled the Jews out of England, they seated in Germany and Italy, where the profit from Jews and Stews much advanced the revenues of the Pope.  
Anno 1341. In this Age the Schoolmen were at the height, England had the best of all, and the most. Hales Doctor Irrefragabilis. Roger Bacon. Doctor Mirabils. John Duns Scotus. Doctor Subtilis. John Baconthrop. Doctor Resolutus. William Occam. Doctor Singularis. Pater Nominalium. Doctor Bradwardine. Doctor Profundus.  
Anno 1336. A survey was exactly taken of all the Clergies Glebe Land, and the same was returned into the Exchequer, and is at this day the most effectual Record for Clery-men (and for Impropriators under their claim) to recover their right.  
Anno. 137●. Wickliff began to appear.  
About this time was a dangerous Discord at Rome about 40 years begun between Vban 6 and Clement 7. The one living at Rome, the other residing at Avinian.  
The Papal Power in England fell by degrees. First by the state of Mortmain in Ed. I. More by the Stat. of Provision in Ed. III. More by the Stat. of Praemunire in Rich. II. time. This mauled the Pope's Power in England. Pope Martin sadly complained of it to the Duke of Bedford. Miramur (saith he) stupescimus dolemus execrabile statutu●r.  
Lollards, so called from Walter Lollardus a Teacher in Germany, some years before Wickle●ff: Their Doctrines were much the same.  
Anno 1434. begins that smart and active Council at Basil.  
In the beginning of Hen. VIII. time, the poor Lollards had a mark on their , put it off and be Burned, keep it on and be starved.  
Henry Beauford, Bishop of Winchester, lent Hen. III. at once 20000 l. who pawned his Crown to him.  
Pope Clement was imprisoned by the Emperor, whereupon one said, Papa▪ non potest errare.  
Canons made in a Convocation with the Royal Assent, subject not any (for recusancy to obey them) to a civil Penalty in Person or Propriety, unless confirmed by act of Parliament.  
In King Edward the VI days Nonconformity was conceived.  
In Q. Mary's days (but at Frankford) was Born.  
In Q. Elizab. days was nursed, under King James it grew a tall Youth, and under K. Charles, a Man able to conquer the Hierarchy its adversary.  
Bishop Bonner's Fury reached from John Fetty, a Lad of eight years old, by him Scourged to Death, even to Hugh Laverock a cripple of 68 years old, whom he caused to be Burnt.  
In Q. Mary's days some eminent Professors, as Fox, Bale, Grindale, etc. fled to Strasburg, Zurich and Frankford: They in Strasburg were of the most quiet Temper, Zurich had the greatest Scholars, and Frankford the largest Privileges.   

CHAP. V A particular of the Archbishoprics and Bishoprics, with their Archdeaconaries, and their extent, with the Clergies Tenths, and their valuations in the King's Books.  
CAnterbury hath only one Archdeacon, which is of Canterbury.  
 l. s. d.  The Clergies Tenth comes to 651 18 2 q Archbishopric valued in the K's. Book at— 2816 17 9 q  
St. Asaph, it contains part of Denbigh, Flint, Montgomery, Merioneth, and some Towns in Salop; in it are 121 Parishes, most of them in the Patronage of the Bishop; it hath but one Archdeaconry, that of St. Asoph, which is united to the Bishopric.  
Tenths 186 19 7 ob q Valuation 187 11 6    
Bangor, it contains Carnarvan, and the whole Isle of Anglesey, part of Denbigh, Merioneth and Montgomery; in it 107 Parishes, whereof 36 are impropriated; it hath 3 Archdeacon's, Bangor, Anglesey, Merioneth.  
Tenths 151 14 3 q Valuation 131 16 4   
Bath and Wells, contains the whole Gounty of Somerset; and in that 388 Parishes, whereof 160 are impropriate; it hath 3 Archdeacon's of Bath, Wells and Taunton.  
Tenths 353 18 ob. q. Valuation 533 01 3   
Bristol, hath a Dean and 6 Prebenddaries; it contains the City of Bristol, and County of Dorset, and therein 236 Parishes, of which 64 are impropriated; it hath one Archdeacon, i. e. of Dorset.  
Tenths 353 18 ob. q. Valuation 383 8 4   
Chichester, contains all Sussex, and in it 250 Parishes, whereof 112 are impropriated; 2 Archdeacon's, of Chichester and Lewis.  
Tenths 287 2 ob. q. Valuatlon 977 1 3   
Coventry and Leichfeild, it contains the whole Counties of Derby and Stafford, with a good part of Warwickshire and Shropshire, 557 Parishes, whereof 250 impropriated; it hath 4 Archdeaconries, S●afford, Derby, Coventry and Shrewsbury.  
Tenths 590 11 11 q.  Valuation 559 18 2 ob. q.  
St. david's, it contains Pembroke, Cardigan Carmarthen, Radnor Brecknock and some parts of Hereford, Monmouth, etc. in it 308 Parishes, whereof 120 impropriate; it hath 4 Archdeacon, i. e. of Cardigan, Carmarthen, Brecknock and S. David's.  
Tenths 336 14 10   Valuation 457 1 10 ob. q.  
Ely, it contains Cambridgshire, and the Isle of Ely, in which are 141 Parishes, whereof 75 are impropriate; it hath but one Archdeacon, which is he of Ely.  
Tenths 384 14 9 q. Valuation 2135 18 5   
Exeter, it contains the 2 Counties of Devon and Cornwall, 604 Parish Churches, whereof 239 are impropriate. It hath 4 Archdeacon's, (viz.) of Cornwall, Exeter, Barnstaple and Taunton, formerly valued 1566 l. 14 s. 6 d.  
Valuation now ●00 0 0 Tenths 1240 15 2  
Gloucester, It contains only Glocestershire, hath in it 267 Parishes, whereof 125 impropriate; one Archdeacon (viz.) of Gloucester.  
Valuation 315 17 2 Tenths 358 15 0  
Hereford, it containeth the County of Hereford and part of Shropshire; it hath 313 Parish Churches, of which 166 are impropriate; it hath 2 Archdeacon's (viz.) Hereford and Salop.  
Valuation 768 10 6 ob. Tenths 34● 2 2   
Llandaff, it contains part of Glamorganshire, and part of Monmouthshire; 177 Parishes, whereof 98 impropriate; one Archdeacon of Land●ff.  
Valuation 154 14 1 Tenths 156 5 4  
Lincoln, it contains the Counties of Lincoln, Leicester, Huntingdon, Bedford, Buckingham and part of Hertfordshire; in it 1255 Parishes, whereof 577 are impropriations; 6 Archdeacon's (viz.) Lincoln, Leicester, Bedford, Buckingham, Stow and Huntingdon.  
Tenths 1751 14 6  Valuation 894 10 1 ob.  
London, it contains the Counties of Middlesex and Essex, and part of Hartfordshire; 623 Parishes, and of them 189 impropriated; 5 Archdeacon's, of London, Midlesex, Essex, Colchester and St. Alban.  
Valuation 1119 8 4 Tenth 821 15 1  
Norwich, it contains Norfolk and Suffolk; 1121 Parish Churches, whereof 385 impropriate; it hath 4 Arch-deacons (viz.) of Norwich, Norfolk, Suffolk and Sudbury.  
Valuation 899 18 7 ob Tenths 1117 13 ob   
Oxford, it contains the County of Oxford; 195 Parish Churches, of which 88 are impropriated; it hath one  (viz.) of Oxford.  
Valuation 354 16 4 Tenth 255 8   
Peterborough, it contains the Counties of Northampton and Rutland; in them 293▪ Parishes, whereof 91. are impropriate; it hath one  (viz.) of Northampton.  
Valuation 414 19 11 Clergis Tenth 520 16 8  
Rochester, it contains a small part of Kent; 98 Parishes, of which 36 are impropriate; one  (viz.) of Rochester.  
Valuation 358 3 7 ob. Tenths 222 14 6 ob.  
Salisbury, it contains the Counties of Berks and Wilts; and in them 544 Parish Churches, of which 109 impropriate; 3 Arch-deacons (viz.) Salisbury, Berks, Wilts.  
Valuation 1367 11 8 Tenth 901 8 ●  
Winchester, it contains Surrey, Southampton and Isle of Wight; 362 Parishes of which 131 impropriate; 2 Arch-deacons (viz.) of Winchester and Surry.  
Valuation 2793 4 2 q. Tenths 846 1 0   
Worcester, it contains Worcestershire and part of Warwickshire; therein 241 Parishes, of which 71 are impropriate; one Arehdeacon (viz.) of Worcester.  
Valuation 1049 17 3 ob. Clergies Tenth 288 0 0   
York, contains the two Counties of York and Nottingham; and in them 581 Parish-churches, of which 336 are impropriations; it hath four Arch-deacons (viz.) of York, Cleveland, Eastriding and Nottingham.  
Valuation 1609 19 2  Tenths 1113 17 9 ob.  
Carlisle, it contains Westmoreland, and most part of Cumberland; 93 Parishes, whereof 18 impropriate.  
Valuation 530 4 11 ob. Tenths 161 1 7 ob.  
Chester, contains part of Cumberland; Lancashire and Cheshire; 256 Parishes, of which 101 are impropriate; 2 Arch-deacons Richmond and Chester.  
Valuation 420 1 8 Tenths 435 12   
Durham, it contains the Bishopric of Durham, and County of Northumberland, each of which hath an , 135 Parishes, whereof 87 impropriate.  
Tenth 385 5 6 ob▪ Valuation 1821 1 5 q.  

A Catalogue of all the Bishops in England and Wales.  
ARchbishop of Cant. Dr. Tillotson  
Archbishop of York. Dr. Sharp  
Bishop of London— Dr. Compton  
Bishop of Durham— Dr. Crew  
Bishop of Winchester— Dr. Mew  
Bishop of Rochester— Dr. Sprat  
Bishop of Salisbury— Dr. Burnet  
Bishop of Chester— Dr. Stratford  
Bishop of Worcester— Dr. Stillingfleet  
Bishop of Chichester— Dr. Patrick  
Bishop of Oxford— Dr. Hough  
Bishop of Leichsield and Coventry. Dr. Lloyd  
Bishop of Hereford— Dr.—  
Bishop of Norwich— Dr. Moor  
Bishop of Lincoln— Dr. Tenison  
Bishop of Ely— Dr. Patrick  
Bishop of Carlisle—.—  
Bp. of Bath and Wells— Dr. K●●ten  
Bishop of Peterborough— Dr.—  
Bishop of Exeter.— Sir J. Trelawny  
Bishop of Bristol— Dr. Hall  
Bishop of St. Asaph— Dr. Jones  
Bishop of Llandaff—  
Bishop of St. David's— Dr. Wartson  
Bishop of Bangor—   

A List of the present Deans, both in England and Wales.  
ST. Asaph— Dr. Bright  
Bangor— Dr. Jones  
Bristol— Dr. Levet  
Canterbury— Dr. Hooper  
Carlisle— Dr. Musgrave  
Chester— Dr. Ardern  
Chichester— Dr. Hawkins  
Christ Church Oxon Dr. Aldrich  
St. david's— Dr. Ellis  
Durham— Dr. Greenvile  
Ely— Dr. Spencer  
Exeter— Dr. Annesley  
Gloucester— Dr. Jane  
Hereford— Dr. Benson  
Leichfeild— Dr. Addison  
Lincoln— Dr. B●evius  
Norwich— Dr. Fairfax  
St. Paul's— Dr. Sherlock  
Peterborough— D●. Freeman  
Rochester— Dr. Vllock  
Salisbury— Dr. Price  
Wells— Dr. Bachurst  
Westminer Dr. Sprat Bp. of Rochester  
Winchester— Dr. Meggot  
Windsor— Dr. Hascard  
Worcester— Dr. Talbot  
York— Dr. Wickhaw   
In England are 2 Archbishops, 26 Bishops, 26 Deans of Cathedral and Collegiate Churches, 60 Archdeacon's 544 Prebendaries 9700 Rectors and Vicars, besides Curates.  
There are several Rural Deans. The Rural Dean was anciently called Archipresbyter, and had the guidance and direction of the Presbyters. The Pastors of every Parishare called Rectors, unless the Predial Tithes are impropriated; and then they are called Vicars.  
The Style of the Archbishop of Canterbury is, Johannes Divina Providentia Archiepiscopus Cantuareusis Primas & Metropolita totius Anglae.  
The Bishops write (D. vina Permissione.)  
All the incomes of the Bishops in England are judged to amount to four hundred and fifty thousand pounds per annum.  
For institution and induction of Parsons to benefices the Bishops have three pounds a piece at least.  
Licenses to Preach cost ten shillings.  
The Churchwardens pay for their books of Articles every year, and for writing their Presentments by a Clerk, 2 s. 4.  
Ministers pay 1 s. 8 d. for showing their Licences to Preach to the Register at every Bishop's Visitation; and 4 s. Procurat to the Bishop, and 8 d. to the Apparitor.  
The 2 Archbishops have Precedency of all the Lord's Temporal, and every other B●shop hath place of all the Barons of the Realm, under the estate of Viscount and other Superior Dignities. The Bishops have amongst themselves this Precedence. First, The Bishop of London; and after him the Bishop of Durham, and then the Bishop of Winchester, and after him every Bishop, as he is in Seiniority.   

CHAP. VI Of the Original of Patronage, and of Presentation, Institution and Induction.  
AS for Foundation and Erection of Churches, etc. The Patron designed the ground and building, but the Bishop's consent was required; the Foundation being provided, and Materials, the B●shop comes in his Formalities in Person, the Collare and Humerale, and saith certain Prayers, and Fumeth the Groundwork; and the Singingmen say the ἀπολυτίκιον (a kind of Collect) for the Saint, to whose Name the Church is Dedicated, and crosseth the cornerstone, and layeth the Foundation, the Founder Endowed it. For the particular manner of Consecration of Churches, Vide, Dr. Plots History of Staffordshire.  
Several well minded good me● built Churches, and endowed them with several parcels of Land, and other immunities, reserving to themselves, their Heirs and Successors, a Right and Power to bestow the said Churches and Lands on such Persons they thought fit; and this Right of Presentation is called Advowson. The Patrons in the Civil Law are called Advocati; and P●tronia Patroci●o, or Defence; and they Present an Incumbent on every Vacancy.  
Presentation, It is nothing else but the nomination of a fit Person to the Bishop to be admitted, instituted and inducted into the Church or Benefice which is void; it is an instrument in the Nature of a Letter Missive, directed to the Bishop; and is usually in this Form.  
Reverendissimo in Christo Patri & Dom. Dom. Johanni per missione Divina Eboracensi Archiepiscopo Angliae Primati & Metropolitanis, ejusve in absentia vicario suo in rebus Spiritualibus generali praenobilis T. P. Baro de P. verus & indubitatus patronus Rectoriae Ecclesiae parochialis de H. Salutem in domino sempiter nam. Ad Ecclesiam Parochialem de H. predict vestrae Diocesis modo per mortem T. R. ultimi incumbentis ibidem vacantem, delectum mihi in Christo T. H. Sacrae Theologiae prefessorem paternitati vestrae praesento, humiliter supplicans ut prefa●um T. H. ad dict am Ecclesiam admittere, ipsumque in Rectoram ejusdem instituti, & induci fa●ere, cum suis juribus & pertinentis Vniversis, caeteraque omnia & singula peragere & adimplere in hac parte quae ad vestrum munus Episcopale per tin●re videbantur dignemini cum fav●re in cujus rei Testimonium. etc.  
If a feme covert hath title to Present to a Church which is void, she cannot present by herself, but the Presentation must be in the Names of the Husband and Wife, except in the case of the Queen.  
If a Clerk be presented to the Bishop, and the Bishop doth refuse to admit or institute him; the Bishop must show the particular cause why he doth refuse him, and not generally, that he is uncapable or Schismaticus Inveteraius. Coke▪ 5. Rep. Specot's case. That a Clerk is a common haunter of Taverns, or a player at unlawful Games, are no good causes of refusal; for though they are Mala Prohibita, yet they are not Mala in se. But Heretic, Schismatic, Perjured Person, Bastard, Outlawed, Illiterate, are good causes to refuse, so as the Bishop express the crime in certain by a Certificate; but in such cases, the Ordinary must give notice to the Patron of his refusal.  
The Law hath appointed six Months ro the Patron to present his Clerk to the Bishop; and if the Patron does not Present his Clerk accordingly, than the Bishop shall Present (by Lapse) a Clerk of his own choosing. This is called in Law, a Collation, and if the Bishop shall not Collate within six Months; then the Archbishop shall Collate his Clerk; and if the Archbishop do not Collate within six Months, than the King shall Present.  
The six Months shall be accounted according to the Calendar, and not according to 28 days to the Month.  
If the Church become void by Death of the incumbent, the six Months shall be accounted from the time of his Death. So it is, if the Church become void by Creation, i. e. by making the present incumbent there of a Bishop: but if the Church become void by Resignation (which Resignation must be made to the Bishop) or by Deprivation, than the Bishop must give notice of such Resignation or Deprivation, and the six Months shall be accounted from the time of such notice.  
If the King be Patron, and doth not present his Clerk to the Church within six Months, there the Ordinary ought not the jure to Collate in regard of the said Lapse; he ought only to Sequest the Profits of the Church, till the King will Present.  
A common Person cannot revoke, repeal or vary from his first Presentation, because he hath put it out of himself, and he hath given the Bishop power to perfect what he himself began; yet before Induction the King may revoke his Presentment.  
Before the Clerk is admitted and instituted, he ought to be examined by the Bishop: If once the Bishop refuseth a Man for insufficiency, he cannot afterwards accept of him.  
The Clerk is not bound to show his Letters of Orders, or Letters Testimonial to the Bishop upon his Examination. Trin. 43. Eliz. B. R. Palms, and the Bishop of Peterborough's case.  
If the Bishop find the Clerk able, he admits him in these words, Admitto te habilem: And afterwards he doth institute him unto the benefice or Church, thus, Instituo te rectorem Ecclaesie parochialis de D, & habere curam animarum, accipe curam tuam & meam.  
The Bishop may examine, admit and institute a man cut of his own Diocese.  
In all cases if a Church Lapse to the Bishop or Archbishop, and the Pation presents his Clerk before the Bishop or Archbishop have collated, the Bishop is bound to admit the Clerk of the true Patron, and cannot take advantage of the Lapse.  
A Clerk must subscribe to three Articles. 1. To the Supremacy. 2. That the book of Common prayer, and of ordering Bishops, Priests and Deacons, contains nothing in it contrary to the word of God. 3. That he alloweth of the 39 Articles of Religion, and acknowledgeth them to be agreeable to the word of God.  
The Delinquent against the Canons of King James, made at a Convocation in London, Anno Dom. 1003. is to be preceded withal by the censures of the Church.  
Chief Justice Wr●y. Pasch. 23. Eliz. reports, that whereas one Smith subscribed the 39 Articles, with this addition (so far forth as the same were agreeable to the word of God) that this was not according to the Stat. 13. Eliz.  
Induction is usually done by the Archdeacon. It is the putting the Clerk in Possession of the Church Glebelands, Tyths, etc. by the institution he is admitted, ad Officium, by induction he is entitled ad beneficium.  
No man is capable to be a Parson, Vicar, etc. before he is a Priest in Orders, which cannot be before he is four and twenty years of 〈◊〉.  
By the Stat. 14. Car. 2. Cap. 4. he must make a Subscription according to the said Act▪ and have a Certificate from the Bishop that he hath so done.  
Within 2 Months after he is inducted, he must, during Divine Service, read the 39 Articles in the Parish Church, and declare his unfeigned assent, and consent to all that is therein contained positively.  
He must within 2 Months after he is inducted, upon some Sunday, read the book of Common Prayer, (i. e. the whole Service of the Church appointed for that day) and likewise declare his assent and consent to all the matters and things therein contained in these words.  
J. A. B. Do declare my unfeigned assent and consent to all and every thing contained and prescribed in and by the Book, entitled the Book of Common Prayer, and administration of the Sacraments, and other rites and ceremonies of the Church, according to the use of the Church of England, together w●th the Psalter or Psalms of David, pointed as they are to be sung or said in the Churches, and the form or manner of making, ordaining and Consecrating of Bishops, Priests and Deacons.  
He must likewise within 3 Months after his Institution, upon some Lord's day (during Divine Service) publicly read his Certificate from the Bishop, of his Subscription to the Declaration following; and he must at the same time read the Declaration itself in the Church where he is to Officiate, before the Congregation there assembled. The Declaration follows.  
I▪ A. B. declare, that it is not Lawful upon any pretence whatsoever, to take Arms against the King, and that I do abhor that Traitorous position of taking Arms by his Authority against his Person, or against these that are Commissionated by him; and that I will conform to the Liturgy of the Church of England, as it is now Established.  
The clause about the solemn League and Covenant is now expired.  
Observe, That the Parson, Vicar, etc. must upon the accoptance of every new Living, or Ecclesiastical Preferment within this Law, repeat all these things.  
Let him have some credible Witnesses present when he makes his Subscription before the Bishop, and that they attest the Bishop's Certificate, and that they get two books of Articles, and when they read them, that he gives one of them to some Parishioners to read with him, and attest the same, that they were present and heard the Clerk read the 39 Articles during the time of Common Prayer, and declare his unfeigned assent and Consent to all the matters and things therein contained, by subscribing their names thereunto.  
When he reads the Book of Common Prayer, let some intelligent Parishioners read with him, and give them a copy of the Declaration aforesaid, and let them attest under their hands his reading of the Common Prayer and Declaration,  may be done in this Form.  
In a fair legible hand, writ the Declaration aforesaid. Then writ under,  
Memorandum, That upon Sunday the _____ _____ _____ in the year of our Lord _____ A. B. Parson of D. in the County of D. read common Prayers in the said Parish Church of D. both in the forenoon and afternoon of the same day, according to the form and order prescribed and directed by the book, entitled, the book of Common Prayer, and Administration of the Sacraments, and other rights and ceremonies of the Church, according to the use of the Church of England, etc. and immediately after reading the same, made a declaration of his unfeigned assent and consent to all the matters and things therein contained in the form and words above written. And let the Witnesses subscribe the same Certificate, and let these things be carefully kept.   

CHAP. VII. Of Marriages.  

Times Prohibiting Marriage.  
MArriage comes in on the 13th day of January; and at Septuagessima Sunday it is out again until Low Sunday (for we must fast from flesh in clear Lent) at which time it comes in again, and goes not cut again till Rogation Sunday: For Rogamen Vetitat. From whence it is forbidden again till Trinity Sunday; from whence it is not fordidden till Advent Sunday: But than it goes out, and comes not in again till the 13●h day of January next following; notwithstanding all this, I would venture to Marry a prudent, comely and rich Woman at any time.   

Affinity and Consanguinity forbidding Marriage.  
A Man may not Marry his 

Grandmother,  
Grandfather's Wife,  
Wife's Grandmother,  
Father's Sister,  
Mother's Sister,  
Father's Brothers Wife,  
Mother's Brothers Wife.  
Wife's Fathers Sister  
Wives Mother's Sister,  
Mother,  
Stepmother,  
Wife's Mother,  
Daughter,  
Wife's Daughter,  
Son's Wife.    
A Woman may not Marry her 

Grandfather,  
Grandmothers Husband.  
Husband's Grandfather,  
Father's Brother,  
Mother's Brother  
Father's Sisters Husband,  
Mother's Sisters Husband,  
Husband's Fathers Brother,  
Husband's Mothers Brother,  
Father,  
Stepfather,  
Husband's Father,  
Son  
Husband's Son,  
Daughter's Husband.    
A Man may not Marry his 

Sister,  
Wife's Sister,  
Brother's Wife,  
Son's Daughter,  
Daughter's Daughter  
Sons Sons Wife  
Daughters Sons Wife  
Wives Sons Daughter,  
Wives Daughters Daughter,  
Brother's Daughter,  
Sister's Daughter,  
Brother's Sons Wife,  
Sister's Sons Wife,  
Wives Brothers Daughter,  
Wives Sisters Daughter.    
A Woman may not Marry her 

Brother,  
Husband's Brother,  
Sister's Husband,  
Son's Son,  
Daughter's Son,  
Sons Daughters Husband  
Daughters Daughter's Husband  
Husbands Sons Son,  
Husband's Daughters Son,  
Brother's Son,  
Sister's Son,  
Brother's Daughters Husband,  
Sister's Daughters Husband,  
Husband's Brothers Son,  
Husband's Sisters Son.    
He that would see more of this, let him peruse Lord Chief Justice Vaughan's reports in Dr. harrison's Case, where he shall meet with excellent and curious Learning on this Subject.    

CHAP. VIII. Of Nonresidence.  
BY Stat. 21. Hen. 8. cap. 13. every Archdeacon, Dean, Parson and Vicar, must be personally resident, and abiding in, at, or upon his said Dignity or Benefice, or one of them at the least; and upon wilful absence by the space of one Month at a time, or two Months at several times in any one year, to forfeit 10 l.  
The Stat. intends he should be Resident in and upon his Parsonage or Vicaridg-house.  
Imprisonment excuseth the Parson, etc.  
Removal for healths sake excuseth.  
He that is Resident in the University, and under forty years of age, to do Exercises there, is excused.  
Being in the King's Service beyond Sea, excuseth.  
A Chaplain qualified, is excused.  
The King may give Licence to any of his own Chaplains to be Nonresident.  
Arch bishops, Bishops, Lords, Household Chaplains are excused.  
Vid. Stat. 13 Eliz. c. 20. 14 Eliz. cap. 11.   

CHAP. IX. Of Dispensations and Pluralities.  
A Dispensation granted by the Archbish, and confirmed by the King 's Letters Patents, (as it must be) Retinere beneficium cum cura animarum, is good only to such a person who is full and perfect incumbent of the Church at the time of the Dispensation to him, by Stat. 21. Hen. 8. cap. 13.  
The King, Queen and Prince, and other the King's Children, may retain as many Chaplains as they please, and every of their Chaplains may purchase a Dispensation for two Parsonages, or Benefices, with cure of Souls, or may hold as many of the King's Gift as they can get.  
Every Archbishop and Duke may have six Chaplains, and every one may have two Parsonages.  
Every Marquis and Earl may have five Chaplains, and every one may have two Benefices.  
Every Viscount and Bishop may have four Chaplains, and every one may keep two Benefices.  
The Lord Chancellor, every Baron and Knight of the Garter may have three Chaplains.  
Every Duchess, Countess and Barroness, being Widows, may have two Chaplains.  
The Treasurer of the King's House, and comptroller, the King's Secretary, Dean of the Chapel, and Master of the Rolls may every of them have two Chaplains, and the Chief Justice of the King's Bench, one Chaplain.  
All Doctors and Bachelors of Divinity (not admitted by Grace only) may keep two Benefices.  
No Deanery, Archdeaconry, or Prebend is within this Act of Pluralities.  
If any incumbent be Resident upon his Living, and keep a Curate, he is bound by the Act of Uniformity once every Month at least to read the Common Prayers in his Parish Church, or he forseits 5 l. for every time he fails therein.   

CHAP. X. Causes of Deprivation,  
Cause's of Deprivation in the Spiritual Court (all which are allowed by the Common Law) are,  

Conscientia Criminis.  
Debilitas Corporis.  
Irregularitaes Personae.  
Defectus Scientiae.  
Grave Scandulun.  
Heresy, Schism, etc.   
If the Clerk be convict of Perjury in the Spiritual Court, it's a good▪ cause of Deprivation; but the Ordinary must give notice to the Patron of this Deprivation.  
If the Patron Present a mere Layman, the same is a good cause of Deprivation, if he be instituted and inducted; but he must be deprived by sentence in the Spiritual Court.  
If a Judgement of Deprivation be against a Parson, if he make his Appeal, the Church is not void, but he remains Parson during the time of the Appeal; and if he do reverse the Judgement, there needs no new Institution and induction. Hornogal●'s Case.  
Disobedience to the Ordinary, Incontinency and Drunkeness, are good causes of Deprivation; he must be a common Drunkard.  
He that comes in by Simony, may be deprived.  
To maintain any Doctrine against the 39 Articles of Religion, and persist therein, is cause of Deprivation.  
Nonconformity, is a good cause of Deprivation.  
Taking a second Benefice, contrary to the Stat. 21 H. 8. cap. 13. without a Dispensation, is a just cause of Deprivation.  
Observe, avoidances by Act of Parliament need no sentence declaratory.  
By Stat. 13 Eliz. cap. 12. He that doth not subscribe unto the Articles, nor read the Articles of Religion, shall be deprived ipso facto. But the Ordinary must give notice thereof to the Patron.   

CHAP. XI. Of Dilapidations.  
A Dilapidation is the pulling down or destroying any of the Houses or Buildings belonging to a Spiritual Living, or the Chancel, or suffering them to run into ruin or decay, or wasting and destroying the woods of the Church.  
Suits for Dilapidations are most properly to be sued in the Spiritual Courts.  
But a special Action upon the case lies against the Dilapidator, his Executors or Administrators at Common Law; and all the Money and Damage that shall be recovered for Dilapidations, are to be expended and laid out, in and about the Repairs. As to the Bishop and Parson's granting Leases, in such cases besure to consult some able Counsellor.   

CHAP. XII. The Privileges of Clergymen.  
THey are not compelled to serve in any temporal Office; as Constable, Overseer, etc.  
They may not be arrested in the Church or Church yard, when they are attendant on Divine Service.  
The bodies of Clergymen cannot be arrested upon any Capias, upon a Statute Merchant, or Statute Staple; and if he be Arrested thereupon, a Writ of False Imprisonment lies against the Officers.  
Their Goods are free from Tolls in Fairs and Markets.  
They are not bound to appear at Court Leets.  
If a Clerk in Holy Orders be found guilty by the Petit Jury, of a Crime for which the benefit of Clergy is allowable, he shall not be burned in the hand as a Layman shall be.  
A Lay man can have his Clergy but once, but a Clerk in Holy Orders shall have it ad infinitum.  
No Execution shall be executed upon the Goods of the Church.  
By the Stat. 1 Mariae cap. 3. he must not be disturbed Praying or Preaching.   

CHAP. XIII. Of Tithes.  
Tithes are an Ecclesiastical Inheritance, collateral to the state of the Land, and therefore unity of possession cannot extinct or suspend them; but may be dimissed or granted, notwithstanding such unity.  
Tithes are,  

Praedial; which arise from the profits of the Land.  
Mixed; such as arise from Cattle.  
Personal; such as arise from Labour or Industry.   
Tithes are also divided into  

Great Tithes.  
Small Tithes, Minutae Decimae.   
Corn, Hay and Wood accounted great Tithes.  
Garden stuff, Fruits, Saffron, Woad, Flax, Hemp, and Personal and mixed Tithes, are accounted small Tithes.  
Many Vicaridges are endowed with the small Tithes only.  
Before the time that the Parochial rights of Tithes were settled, the Owners of Lands might grant their Tithes to any Ecclesiastical or Religious Persons; so Tithes of some whole Paririshes were ●tanted to Abbots, etc. and to the Rectors of other Parishes; which is the reason that at this day there are several portions of Tithes held from the Parish Churches by Impropriators and the Rectors of other Churches.  
About the twelfth Century, the Parochial Rights of Tithes were generally settled.  
Many Abbots, who had Tithes of other Parishes granted to them, held out against the Parish Priests, and after claimed the Tithes by prescription, i. e. by forty years' possession, and that is the reason that many portions of Tithes are at this day held by Impropriators that had been gained by the Abbots by such prescription, and by this means they got their prescrions de non decimando; for one Clergyman may prescribe against another, but not a Layman.  
No man was capable of Tithes in Pernancy, till the Statutes of Dissolutions of Religious Houses enabled them. And since then those Tithes which were appropriated to the Religious Houses, are become Lay-fee; and any Layman is capable of them in Pernancy, and may sue for the same in the Spiritual Courts.  
All Tithes not appropriated belong to the Rector of the Parish Church wherein they arise, yet the Parson of one Parish may prescribe to have a Portion of Tithes in the Parish of another; and so might Abbots and other religious persons prescribe to have Portions of Tithes in Parishes, whereof they had not the Advowsons', and by consequence the Patentees from the Crown, and the Improprietators may claim the same by prescription in the Abbots, Priors, etc. and the usage since the Dissolution will serve to prove the prescription and usage in the Abbots, etc. that they held the same so time out of mind.  
If a Parson lease his Gleab Land, and do not also grant the Tithe thereof, the Tenant shall pay the Tithe to the Parson.  
If a Parson sow his ground, and then sells the Corn growing, the Buyer shall pay Tithes of it to the Parson.  
By the Stat. 28. H. 8. cap 11. all the Tithes and other Profits belonging to the Rectory, are given to the Successor from the death of the last Incumbent so that the Executors have nothing to do with them.  
The Vicar shall not pay tithes of his Gleab to the Parson, without special words.  
Personal tithes are to be paid where the party communicates, but praedial to the Parson, within whose Parish the Land lies  
The manner of the payment of Tithes, is for the most part governed by the custom of the place, as in Sheaves, Hay cocks or Grass-cocks, no tithes are to be paid of the Aftermaths of Meadow; but if the Meadow be so rich, that there is two Crops of Hay or Woad got in one year, the Parson shall have tithe of both.  
Tithe shall be paid of Hay and Corn growing in Orchards, though the tithes of Fruit be paid the same year.  
Gross Woods are such as are usually employed for building, as Oak, Ash, Elm, Beech, and are not tythable; but Willows, Hasels, holies, Maples, Birch, Alders, Thorns, etc. of what age or bigness soever, are tytheable; but if they are for fuel in the Owners Houses, they are not tytheable.  
Tithes shall be paid of Nursery Trees, if they are sold to be transplanted into other Parishes.  
If the Coppice hath paid tithes, the grubbed wood shall not pay any.  
If Oak, Ash, Elm be cut under one and twenty years' growth, they are accounted Sylva Caedua, and aught to pay tithes▪  
But the Loppings of great Oaks, Ashes, though the Lops be under twenty years' growth, shall not pay tithes; nor of the Shoots that grow from the Roots of such Timber Trees.  
No tithes shall be paid of the Bark of Timber Trees: But tithes shall be paid of the Masts and Acorns; but then they ought to be collected and sold, Litt. rep. p. 40  
If Wood-ground be mixed with Woods tytheable, and Woods not tytheable, and the greater part be such as are not tytheable, it shall privilege the rest, and so e contrario, 16▪ Jac G. B. leonard's case.  
The Parson may sue the buyer or Seller of the Woods for tithes at his Election.  
The manner of payment of Wood tithes, is either by the measure of the ground, or every tenth Faggot.  
Herbage is to be paid for barren Cattle, which yield no profit to the Parson.  
No herbage tithe shall be paid for the agistment of Beasts bred for the Blow or Pail, and so employed in the same Parish. So if a man eat a ground with his own Saddle-Horses, he shall pay no tithe for the same; but an Innkeeper that eats with Guests Horses shall.  
No tithe is due to the Parson for Deer, Conies, etc. without a Special Custom.  
If a ground be eaten with profitable Cattle, as Milch Cows, Ewes, Lambs and Cattle bred for Blow and Pa●l, shall not pay tithes.  
If a Stranger or Parishioner buy barren Cattle, and feed them for sale, he shall pay tithe for the herbage of them: So of young Cattle.  
For the Grass of Fallows no herbage shall be paid, nor of Stubles.  
If the Parishoner hath under seven Lambs or Fleeces he shall pay an halfpenny for every Lamb and Fleece. Where Sheep are kept in one Parish in Summer, and another in Winter, the tithes are to be divided: So if one buy Sheep out of another Parish: Tithe Cheese must be paid whilst Cheese is made; but in 〈◊〉 and Winter, tithe Milk is 〈◊〉 be paid in kind. But in all places the custom is to be observed.  
Tithe of Lambs, Calves, Pigs, etc. is regularly when they are so old, that they may be weaned and live without the Dam. Wool is to be paid at the Sheer-day.  
If a man's Sheep die of the Rot, or the Owner kill them, he must pay tithe for the Wool rateably.  
Tithes are to be paid of Fruits in kind, when gathered: So of Mast, or to be satisfied, if eaten with Swine. The tithe of Bees is to be paid by the tenth part of the Honey and Wax: Of young Pigeons in Dovecoats, etc. tithes shall be paid, if they be sold.  
Geese, Ducks and Swans are usually paid in their kind; but of Hens and Turkeys commonly in their Eggs: Where they pay tithe of Eggs, there is no tithe of the Young & sic e converso: No tithes due for Dwelling-Houses, properly.  
No tithes shall be paid of those hangs which do not annually increase, as Stones, Turfs, Slates, Bricks, Tiles, Marble-lime, Tinn, Led, Copper, unless by special tcustom  


Tithes due by Custom are of two kinds.  
1 Where there is a modus decimandi, and by custom money or some other thing is paid in lieu of tithes.  
2. Where tithes hath by custom been paid of things not tytheable, as of Lead in Darbyshire, Tynn in Devonshire.    
In some Countries they say, they pay tithe ale, a very proper place for fuddling Parsons to live in.  
The Parson, Vicar, Impropriator or Farmer cannot come himself and set forth the tithes without the Licence and Consent of the Owner, of the Corn, Hay, etc. if he do, and carry it away, he is a Trespassor. But a Parson, Vicar, etc. may after the tithes are set forth, come himself or his Servants, and spread abroad and dry his Corn, Hay, etc. upon any convenient place in the ground, till the same be fit to be carried into the Barn.  
The Parson and Vicar may carry his tithes from the ground, either by the common way, or any such way as the Owner of the Land useth to carry away his nine parts: but if the Owner of the ground will not suffer the Parson, Vicar, etc. to spread and dry the Corn or Hay upon the ground, or will stop the ways, and not suffer the Parson to carry them away; this is no good setting forth within the Stat. 2 Edward 6. and they may have an action upon the Case for such disturbance.  
In all Cases where a spiritual person prescribes in non decimando, his Tenant and Farmers shall take the benefit thereof.  
If any of the Abbots, Priors, etc. that came to the Crown, by the Stat. 27 Heu. 8. c. 28. were discharged of payment of tithes by prescription, de non dicimando, yet the Patentees of the Lands shall not have the benefit of such prescriptions, but shall pay tithes.  
But if the King's Patentees of those Abbey Lands, that came to the Crown by Stat. 31 H. 8. may take the advantage.  
But every Layman may prescribe de modo decimandi, as to pay so much in lieu of all tithes to the Parson.  
It hath been held a void prescription to pay a Load of Hay yearly, in discharge of all his tythehay, that is to a part in discharge of the whole.  
It is no good modus to pay for every milch Cow, 2 d. and for every Calf 1 d. in discharge of the tithes of all other Cattle; but it is a good modus for the Calves and Milk, only.  
A modus to pay thirty Eggs in Lent, in satisfaction of all the tithe of Eggs, hath been held a good modus.  
It is a good modus, that the Parson, time out of mind, hath had so much, or such a parsel of Meadow or Land in satisfaction and discharge of the tithes of Hay, etc. arising upon the Land.  
A modus that in consideration the Parishioner hath cut, dried and shockt the Corn, he hath been freed from the payment of tythehay, hath been held a good prescription.  
The Aftermath is freed from the payment of tithes.  
If a man prescribe to pay six shillings and eight pence for all the tithes arising and happening in such a Park, and the Park is disparked and turned to tillage, the prescription is gone.  
It hath been held a good modus to give a Buck or Do yearly to the Rector, etc. in discharge of all the tithe arising within the Park. And it shall hold, though the Park be discharged. But if the modus have been only for the herbage of the Park, and it be disparkt and sown with Corn, the modus is gone.  
If a man have a modus for all the Hay and Grass upon twenty Acres of Land, and converts the same to Tillage, he shall pay tithes thereof. So it appears a great difference, where the modus goes to all manner of tithes in general, and where to particular tithes.  
At Yarmoth, etc. when they return from fishing, they divide the Doles, and the first Dole which is set out, is called Christ's Dole, half of this is given to the Parson of the place where they Land, and the other half is to be distributed amongst them to give to the Parson, where every one inhabits. If the Parishioner compound for his tithes, during his life, without deed, its ill.  
Alteragium, are such minute tithes which the Vicar shall have, and shall be expounded according to the use, as Wood, Wool, etc. Lit. Rep. 243.  
Copper Mills, Fulling-Mills, Glass-House, etc. shall not pay tithes.  
Where a modus is alleged to pay a certain sum to a Vicar in discharge of any tithes due to the Parson, it seems to be a good modus.  
Tithes must pass by grant under hand and seal, or by fine, etc.  
Tithes impropriate, are become Lay-fee, and may pass by Will, and may be granted by name of Hereditaments.  
Upon a Lease for Lives of tithes, no rent can be reserved: But upon a demise of tithes for years, a rent may be reserved, and an action of debt may lie for it.  
Barren Heaths by Stat. 2 Ed. 6. shall be discharged of payment of tithes of Corn or Hay, for the first seven years after the improvement.  
If a Wood be grubbed up, and made fit for tillage, it shall pay tithes presently.  
Parsons and Vicars at this day, notwithstanding the confirmation of the Patron and Ordinary, cannot make a real composition for no longer than the Parson and Vicars Life.  
Offerings which are customary and certain, as for Communicants, Marriages, Christen, Church of Women, Burials; are by Stat. 2 Eliz 6. confirmed to the Parish Priests, Vicars and Curates of the Parishes where the parties live that aught to pay the same.  
All Monasteries under 200 l. per annum value were dissolved by Stat. 27 H. 8. and none of those Abbey or Priory Lands are freed or discharged of the payment of tithes by the Stat. 31. H. 8. c. 8. or by any other Law.  
The Abbots at the time of their dissolution held their Lands discharged of tithes.  
1. By the Pope's Bull. When the Pope here in England would grant exemption to this or that Abbot, as pleased him.  
2. By real composition between the Parson and the Abbots, confirmed by the Patron and Ordinary.  
3. By Prescription.  
4. By Order. Cistertians, Hospitalers and Templars and the Praemonstratenses were discharged of the payment of tithes. But the privileges granted to these Orders, extended only to the Lands, these Orders held in their own hands, and not to any which was held by their Tenants or Farmers.  
The Templars, Anno Dom. 1311. were condemned for Heresy, and their possessions were by Act of Parliament given to the Hospitalers or Knights of St. John of Jerusalem.  
5. By Perpetual Unity. That is, where an Abbot, Prior, etc. time out of mind hath been seized of the Lands, out of which the tithes arise, and the Rectory within which Parish the Lands lie. It must be perpetual, that is, the Abbey must be founded and endowed with the Land and Rectory before the time of memory which by the Rules of the Common-Law, must be before the first year of Rich. 1. for if by any Records, Deeds, or other Legal Evidence it can be made appear, that eirher the Land or Rectory came to the Abbey since the first year of R. 1 the Union is not perpetual.  
The Stat. 31 H. 8. extends not to free or discharge any Lands from the payment of tithes, save those that came to the Crown by that Act.  
No man shall pay a Mortuary, unless he died possessed of Goods to the value of ten Marks. If he had ten Marks in movable goods, and under thirty pounds, than he should pay 3 s. 6 d. if above thirty, and under forty pounds, than he should 6 s. 8 d. if above forty pounds 10 s.  
The Citizens of London▪ pay yearly for every ten shillings rend of all Houses, Shops, etc. within London 16 d. ob.  
If tithes be in the hands of temporal men, they are by reason of them contributory to temporal charges.  
Tithes are at this day chargeable with all charges imposed by Act of Parliament, wherein they are not exempted.  
Tithes are at this day subject to pay first fruits, which are the first years profits of every Spiritual Benefice, at a new Incumbents entry into his Living.  
The First Fruits are not rated at full and utmost value of the Living they are to be paid for, but according to the valuation taken and made in the 26th year of King H 8. and now used in the First Fruits Office.  
These First Fruits are not to be paid all at once, but one quarter of them is to be paid at the end of six months, from the time of the induction, another fourth part at the end of twelve months, another fourth part at the end of eighteen months, and the last fourth part at the end of two years.  
All Vicaridges not exceeding ten pounds, and all Parsonages not exceeding ten Marks, according to the valuation in the First Fruits Office, are discharged from the payment of First Fruits by Stat. 1 Eliz. c. 4. now the reason why Vicaridges, not exceeding ten pounds should be freed of this charge, and Parsonages of ten marks should pay them, was, that the Vicaridges in time of Popery, and when the valuation was taken, had a great income by voluntary Offerings, which falling to little or nothing upon the dissolution of Monasteries, this favour was afforded them in their First Fruits.   

CHAP. XIV. Simony. Vid. Stat. 13 Eliz. Cap. 6.  
IF any shall receive or take Money Fee, Reward or Profit for any Presentation to a Benefice, with Cure, although he which was presented, be not knowing of it, yet the Presentation, Admission and Induction are void. For he is Simoniace Promotus, 12 Rep. Coll. Dr. Hucthinsons' Case.  
Every Incumbent that comes in by Simony is so disabled for ever after to be presented to the same Church, that the King (to whom the Law gives the presentment) cannot present the same man again to the same Church.  
The King cannot dispense with the said Statute by any non obstante; and though he pardon the Simony, yet that makes not the party capable.  
If the Church be void by Simony, the Ordinary is not▪ bound to give notice of the Avoidance to the Patron.  
One presents I. S. to a Church which is void, and upon the Presentation he takes an Obligation of him to resign upon request, that the Obligee may present his Son when he is of full Age, this is a good Obligation, and not made on a Simoniacal Contract M. 8. Jac. B. R. john's and Lanrence's Case.   
FINIS.   

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