FURTHER OBSERVATION UPON THE Dublin-Bills: OR, ACCOUNTS OF THE Houses, Hearths, Baptisms, And Burials in that CITY.  
The Second Edition, Corrected and Enlarged:  
By Sir WILLIAM PETTY, Fellow of the Royal Society.  
LONON: Printed for Mark Pardoe, at the Sign of the Black Raven, over-against Bedfordhouse in the Strand. 1686.   

The STATIONER TO THE READER.  
I Have not thought fit to make any Alteration of the first Edition, but have only added a New Table, with Observation upon it, placing the same in the front of what was before; which perhaps might have been as well placed after the like Table at the 8th Page of the first Edition.   


DUBLIN, 1682.  Parishes. Houses. Fire-places. Baptised. Buried. St. James 272 836 122 306 St. Katherine's 540 2198 St. Nicholas without, and St. Patrick's 1064 4082 145 414 St. Bridgets 395 1903 68 149 St. Audones 276 1510 56 164 St. Michael 174 884 34 50 St. John's 302 1636 74 101 St. Nicholas within, and Christ-Church Lib. 153 902 26 52 St. Warbors 240 1638 45 105 St. Michans 938 3516 124 389 St. Andrews 864 3638 131 300 St. Kevans 554 2120 87 233 Donobrook 253 506  6025 25369 912 2263   

Further Observations upon the Dublin Accounts of Baptisms and Burials, Houses and Hearths, viz.  
THe Table hath been made for the Year 1682, wherein is to be noted,  
1. That the Houses which Anno 1671, were but 3850 are Anno 1682, 6025; but whether this difference is caused by the real increase of Housing, or by fraud and defect in the former Accounts, is left to consideration. For the Burials or People have increased but from 1696, to 2263, according to which proportion, the 3850 Houses Anno 1671, should Anno 1682 have been but 5143, wherefore some fault may be suspected as aforesaid, when Farming the Hearth-mony was in agitation.  
2. The Hearths have increased according to the Burials, and ⅓ of the said increase more, viz. The Burials Anno 1671 were 1696, the ⅓ whereof is 563, which put together makes 2259, which is near the number of Burials Anno 1682. But the Hearths Anno 1671, were 17500, whereof the ⅓ is 5833, making in all but 23333; whereas the whole Hearths Anno 1682 were 25369, viz. ⅓ and better of the said 5833 more.  
3. The Housing were Anno 1671, but 3850, which if they had increased Anno 1682 but according to the Burials, they had been but 5143, or according to the Hearths, had been but 5488, whereas they appear 6025, increasing double to the Hearths. So as 'tis likely there hath been some error in the said Account of the Housing, unless the new Housing be very small, and have but one Chimney apiece, and that ¼ part of them are untenanted. On the other hand, 'tis more likely that when 1696 died per An. there were near 6000; for 6000 Houses at 8 Inhabitants per House, would make the number of the People to be 48 Thousand, and the number of 1696 that died according to the Rule of One out of 30, would have made the number of Inhabitants about 50 Thousand: For which reason I continue to believe there was some Error in the Account of 3850 Houses as aforesaid, and the rather because there is no ground from experience to think that in 11 year, the Houses in Dublin have increased from 3850 to 6025.  
Moreover, I rather think that the number of 6025 is yet short, because that number at 8 heads per House makes the Inhabitants to be but 48200; whereas the 2263 who died in the year 1682, according to the aforementioned Rule of one dying out of 30 makes the number of People to be 67890; the Medium betwixt which number and 48200 is 58045, which is the best estimate I can make of that matter, which I hope Authority will ere long rectify, by direct and exact Inquiries.  
4. As to the Births, we say that Anno 1640, 1641, and 1642, at London, just before the Troubles in Religion began, the Births were ⅚ of the Burials, by reason I suppose of the greaterness of Families in London above the Country, and the fewer Breeders, and not for want of Registering. Wherefore deducting ⅙ of 2263, which is 377, there remains 1886 for the probable number of Births in Dublin for the year 1682; whereas but 912 are represented to have been Christened in that year, though 1023 were Christened Anno 1671, when there died but 1696; which decreasing of the Christen, and increasing of the Burials, shows the increase of Non-registring in the Legal Books, which must be the increase of Roman Catholics at Dublin.  
The scope of this whole Paper therefore is, That the People of Dublin are rather 58000, than 32000; and that the Dissenters, who do not Register their Baptisms, have increased from 391 to 974: but of Dissenters, none have increased but the Roman Catholics, whose Numbers have increased from about 2 to 5 in the said Years. The exacter Knowledge whereof, may also be better had from direct Inquiries.  
FINIS.