engraved title page Atlas Maritimus, OR THE SEA-ATLAS, Being a Book of Maritime Cards. Describing The Seacoasts, Capes, Headlands, Sands, Shoals, Rocks and Dangers. The Bays, Roads, Harbours, Rivers and Ports, in most of the known Parts of the WORLD, Collected from the latest and best Discoveries that have been made: by divers able and experienced Navigators. At AMSTERDAM, Printed for Jacob Robijn, in the New Bridge street, in the Stuureman, 168●… engraved title page TO THE Right Noble and Right Honourable JOAN HUYDEKOOPER, Knight, Lord of Maerseveen, Neerdijck etc. Ruling Burgermaster and Counselar of the city of Amsterdam. Right Noble and Right Honourable LORD, SInce our worthy and loving Country know no fruitfuller tillage than to till the Sea diligently; by which we see continually our warehouses filled with all sorts of the most needful and most precious Commodities in the world, which by our Ships and sailors trading, are brought superfluously to us out of all Countries and Kingdoms; divers persons have endeavoured from time to time, to produce to that intent good and convenient Sea-books. By this the sailer is guided and warned, to eat prudently all Rocks, Sands, Shelves, Whirl-streams and more such like dangers, whereas the Seas and whirlwinds in the meantime threaten and sometimes overcome them yet with many other difficulties. The experience (when Sailors and Pilots many ages have been forced to take care continually with the plummet in hand) is come so far at last, that they have discovered lurking deceits of grounds nearer and nearer, that a many before us therefore have been able to set forth divers good books: but being such books can never be without some fault, we have been very willing to bestow our endeavour, trouble, care and charges, to mend all the faults in such books, by certain and true observations of divers renowned Pilots exactly searched out. Chief where the time and the streams often change the depths and shelves, so that one may not safely trust to the old books. We can assure all Gentlemen, Merchants and Sailors, that this our present work is more exact and more perfect than any yet extant, as it clearly will befound out by skilful Pilots. Thus we take here the boldness to Dedicated this same very Reverently and serviceably to your honour; where we see daily with great satisfaction and thankfulness, what care you always take, for the Common welfare of our Country, this very magnificent and pourful city the warehouse for the whole world is come to such height by the navigation traffic, and maintained in it yet by the same with unfatigable diligence, and careful wise Contrivance of the very laudable regency; being hope flattereth us with trusting that this work (tending chief to the Common welfare) will be accepted of your honour with a bountiful eye. If I may enjoy so much happiness, I will acknowledge me so much the more obliged, to pray with all my heart continuely to the almighty, (as your noble blood now almost hereditarily possesseth the high and Burgermasterly authority in this mighty city; and your honour enjoyeth for the present the Burgermastership the sixth time with Renown and glory) that it may be his holy pleasure, further in the future to let your honour enjoy the same worthy office and great Authority, several times for many years in full health, luck and satisfaction for the best of this city and estate, and that we may live merry, long quiet and well satisfied under such a Government, since we take the honour to call us selves Right Noble and Right Honourable LORD, Your Honours, Most humble and must dutiful Servant, JACOBUS ROBIN. At Amsterdam, the 25th of July,. 1682. A CHORT DECLARATION Of the division, situation & qualities of the EARTH. IN the beginning did the Everlasting & almighty God, through his wisdom, created the whole world out of nothing; & joined the Earth with the Sea together (as being the heaviest) in one round form, in the manner of a ball, & placed them in the centre or middle point, as in the nethermost place; the heaven, as a tent, is with an un measurable breadth extended, over and about it, and adorned with many and glorious lights, as the Sun, Moon, Planets, and other stars innumerable. And that the earth minght be a fit habitation or dwelling for man and other terrestrial creatures, and through its plentiful fruit nourish and sustain them, hath God exalted it above the waters, and ordained unto the Zea its place in the depths on such a manner, that she on every side comprehending the earth with its crookedness, doth distinguish and divide the same in three several pars of great continents, that is firm lands; over which the describers of the earth (as the Astronomers over heaven) place vijf circkels; as the Aequinoctial, so called, because night and day are over the whole earth of one length whensoever the Son doth come in this circle, which happeneth about the 21 th'. of march and the 23th of September. This circle is also called Aequator, to which when the Sun cometh, it maketh the days and the nights equal; the Mariners of the low countries do call it the middle-line, because it doth divide the face of the earth in two equal parts, where of the one tendeth towards the north, and the other towards the south and so it is the very middle betwixt the Northern, and southern lines, or Poles. The other is called Tropicus Cancri, or the Sun turning of the Crab, because the Sun when it cometh to this circle about they 21 they of June, beginneth to turn towards the Aequator, and than it is the longest day to those who live in the north, and the shortest to those who live in the south from the Aequator: this circle is situated 23 degrees 32▪ minute's north ward from the middle-line. The third is termed Tropicus Capricorni, or a Sunne-turning of the heaven called Capricorn, because the Sun, when it cometh to this circle, which is about the 23th of December, beginneth to turn and to climb towards the Aequator; and than it is, contrary as before, the shortest day to those who live in the North, and the longest to those who live in the South of the mid-line: and this sign is situated 23 degrees, 31½ minutes in the South of the Aequinoctial. The 4th is called Circulus Arcticus, the Northern circle, and the 5th Circulus Antarcticus, the Southern circle: these are situated 23 degrees 31½ minutes, the one from the Northern, and the other from the Southern pole or diameter of the world, and are through the circumrotation of the heaven described from the Pole of the Zodiac, or the course of the Sun. The ancient and most skilful Astronomers understand by the Circulus Arcticus not only this which is described; but such a circle whose half Diameter or line which goeth through the middle point, is even as much as the height of the pole from every place, comprehending all ways those stars which before the height of every land never go under; in which regard this circle in all countries which differ in breath, doth differ, as also from Antarcticus: but in the aforesaid description we follow the common manner of the describers of countries. The earth is also through the aforenamed 4 last circles divided in 5 great regions, by the Greek called Zonas, or girdles, because that they in the form of girdles do compass the globe of the Earth. The first there of is environed or enclosed within the northern circle, and beareth the name of the Northern cold region. The second is called the Southern cold region, running round about the Southern Pole within the Southern circle. The third, being the middlemost amongst them all, is called the barren and hot region, and is situated between the Circles of the Cancer or Crab and the sign of Capricornus. The 4h is situated betwixt the Northern Circle and the Circle of the Crab, and is called the tempeted Northern Region. The last, called the Southern temperate region, is situated betwixt the Circle of Capricornus and the Southern Circle. The old-Philosophers and Describers of countries did suppose that of these vive the two temperate alone where inhabited, and that of the other three, the two cold ones could not be inhabited, in regard of the great intolerable cold, and the barren hot region, in regard of the burning heat of the Sun But time inconclusion hath produced, the truth thereof: seeing we have experienced about 150 years hence that they all are inhabited, but the cold lest of all, as Greenland, Iceland, Lapland, the utmost parts of Norway, and such like countries. Experience likewise hath taught us that in the barren, hot region the heat is not untolerable, neither doth it burn in such a manner as the Ancient conceived: sigh there are found many excellent fruitful and populous Kingdoms, as Genee, Aethiope, Arabia, East-indieses, the famous Lands Sumatra, Java, and Molucquen; as alsoo Bresil, Peru, New-Spain, and other such like countries. For to have the right understanding of the situation of countries, we must know that the describers of the earth calculate the same according to the degrees of length and breadth. The breadth of places (which is always alike at the height of the Pole) is accounted from the middle line to be twofold, Northward or Southward to the number of ninety. The length is accounted from te Meridian-line, which runneth over de Pico de Tayda in the Island Teneriffa, along the midleline towards the East, to the number of 360, as for example, Amsterdam is situated 52½ from the midleline towards the North, which is the breadth or the Poles higth of the fame city, and in the length 23 degrees, because the same doth agreed with such a degree of the Aequinoctial, calculating from the aforesaid Meridian. De Cabo de Bona Esperanca is situated on the breath Southward from 34½ degrees, and in the length from 42 degrees. The countries or cities situated under the same length have always at one time and moment alike midday, and alike hour of the day: as when it is noon at Amsterdam than it is also noon at Bergen in Norway, at Lions in France, at Algiers in Barbary, and such like places situated in one length. But those which are situated under several degrees of length, differ likewise in the calculation of hours; so that when it is midday in the forenamed places, than it is at Bantam in the Island Java 7 hours and 12 minutes in the afternoon, because the same city is situated 108 degrees in the length toward the East, for it differs every 15 degrees one hour: but in the city Lima, laying in Peru, it is 6 hours in the forenoon, becausse the same city is situated in the length about 90 degrees towards the West, as Amsterdam. Those also which are situated under the like breath or higth of the Pole, have always alike length of days and nights: this is also to be understord, that those who live on the southside of the midleline have the shortest day, when we have the longest: as they have the Winter when we have the Summer, and we the Winter, when they have the Summer. But they which are situated under an unequal breadth or height of the Pole, have also unequal length of days and nights: for the frarther à place is situated from the midleline, how the longest day is greater there, and the shortest les. As for example they who live under the Aequinoctial line, have day and night through the whole year alike long, without change. They who live on the breadth of 30 degrees, have the longest day, almost of 14 hours: on the breadth of 50 degrees, the longest day hath stiffly 16 hours. Under the Northern Circle, which we call Circules Arcticus, doth not the Sun on the longest day set or go under the Horizon. On the breadth of 70 degrees doth not the Sun set in 64 days: and so following the longed day's increase till under the Pole, where in the whole year not more is than one day and one night, each continuing one half year. Further more the Earth is divided at this day in two great firm lands and parts, in Antiquam or old and Novam or new America, called the New World. The first called the Old World, because it was only known to the Ancient, have the ancient Describers of the Earth divided again in three parts, towit, in Europa; Asia, and Africa. EUROPE, hath in length 1200, and in breadth 675 Germane miles. ASIA, contains in length 1800, and in breadth 1275 Germane miles. AFRICA extendeth in length 1200, and in breadth 1050 Germane miles. AMERICA is in length 1950, and in Breadth 1200 Germane miles. Now we are to show further what Kingdoms and countries there are in them, and what manner of commodities may be carried from the one to the other. Europe possesseth these Realms, the state of the church, under the Pope of Rome, and further whole Italy; High-Germany, under the Emperor at vienna; Spain, France, England, Scotland, Ireland, Island, Norway, Denmark, Swethland, Poland, and Moscovy, together with the Republic of venice, Switzerland, and the Netherlands; as yet Hungary, Walachia, Moldavia, Bulgaria, Romania, Dalmatia, Croatia, Greece, together with the Islands Majorca, Minorca, Ivica, Corsica, Sardinia, Sicily, and Candia Italy hath the Republic of Genova, the Dukedom Mantova, the state of the church, the Republic of venice, the Kingdom of Naples, with the Islands Sicily, Corsica and Sardinia: and afford Silk, Camlet, Stammel, Fustian, Gold-and Silver-wire, Arms, Rice, Alum, Gall-nuts, Oil, Glass, and looking-glasses. Germany, Comprehendeth first three parts; as, that of seven Prince Electours, of Mentz, Treves, Collen, Brandenburg, Heidelburg, Saxony, Bavaria, besides the Kingdom of Bohemia; secondly the Spiritual, and Worldly Princes, and thirdly the free Imperial-touns of the H. Romish Empire: besides these three parts, there are yet to Kreitsen. De City of Spira hath the highest Court of justice. The wares of this country are Gold, Silver, Copper, Tin, Led, Alum, Quicksilver, Dying stufs, Wine, Wool, Ribbon, Fustian and several sorts of Arms Spain hath these Kingdoms; viz. Castille, Portugal, Algarve, Andaluzia, Granada, Murcia, Valentia, Catalogne, Arragon, Naverre, Biscaie, and Galicia; and they yield Wine, Oil, Rice, Lemons, Oranges, Pomegranates, Liquorish, Silk, Wool, Cork, Rosin, Steel, Iron and Arms. In Spain are several Archbishoprics, Bishhopricks, and 22 universities. France, contained these Countries; Britain, Normandy, Picardy, Champagne, la France, Beauce, Berry, Blaisois, Vendosme, Perche, Hastinois, Senonois, Valois, le Maine, Touraine, Anjou, Poictou, Xantonge, Pirogort, Limosin, Bourbonnois, Lionnois, Forest, Beaujolois, Auvergne, Angoulesme, Auxerre, Nevers, Burgundy, Quercy, Gascoin, Languedock, Province, Dauphin, Bern, Lorain, Orange, Avignon, Savoy, etc. And there is abundance of wheat, Rye, Oxen, Hogs, Salt, Oil, Wine, Chestnuts, Almonds, Plumbs, Beads, Hemp, and Hides. In the same are several Archbishoprics and Bishoprics, seven Parliaments, and 21 Universities. England consisteth in 39 Counties, to which come out of Wales 13 more to it; viz. Northumberland, Cumberland, Durham, Westmoreland, Lancaster, Chester, Carnarvonshire, Dengibensershire, Filint, Merionethshire, Montgomeryshire, Salop, Cardiganshire, Radnor, Vigorny, Cornwall, Devonshire, Somersethshire, Dorseth, Wiltshire, Gloucester, Monmouth, Glamorgan, Carmarthen, Pembroke, Brecknock Hereford, York, Lincoln, Derby, Stafford Nottingham, Leicester, Rutland, Northfolk, Warnixshire, Northamtonshire, Huntinton, Cambridge, Suffolk, Oxford, Buckingham, Bedfordshire Herefordshire, Essex, Berks, Middlesex, Southamton, Surry and Sussex. It hath clotheses, Stammel, Wheat, Saffran, Tin, Led, Barley, Panic, Beer, Redharring and Coals. Scotland is divided in South or high, and North or low Scotland, and separated from England by the river Tweed; and there are two Archbishoprics, and eleven Bishoprics: it yields Kersey, Perpetuanas, Wool, Barley, Panic and Hides. Ireland consisteth in 5 Regions; viz. Langenia, Connacia, Ultonia, Mormonia, and Media: it hath 30 Earls, 4 Archbishops, and 29 Bishops, and yields Corn, Hides, and Butter, etc. Island is divided in Austlendiga Fiordung, Westlendiga Fiordung, Northlendiga Fiordung, and Southlendiga Fiordung. This most Northerly Island hath one Governor, appointed by the King of Denmark, and exporteth Stockfish, Stockings, Brimstone and Corn. Norway is divided in Scandia and Scandinovia. The City Anslo in Norway is the place of the Bishop; Bergen is a renowned mart-town. This Realm produceth Deal-boards, Sparres, Masts, Wood for Fuel and Hides. Denmark embraceth, Jutland, Funen, Sealand and Schonen or Sconia, besides the Islands laying here about; and it yields Oxen, Barley, French-wheat, Stockfish, Tallow, Oker-nuts, Hides, Buck-skins, Masts, Timber, Fir-wood, Salt, Pitch, Tar, Brimstone, etc. Swethland is properly divided in the Gothlands Provinces, viz. Fastgothia, Westgothia, Southgothia, or Smaland, Tuiscia, verendia, Meringia and Oeland. The other Swethish Provinces are upland Westmannia, Eastdalia, Solicisdalia, Warmeland, Gestrica, Helsingia, Middle-padia, Nordangermannia, Nordbotnia, Scrienfinia, Lapland, Biarmia, Finland, Carelia and Ingria: the Commodities of it are Iron, Copper, Led, Hides, Elks and Buck-skins, Tallow, Pitch, French-wheat, Barley, etc. Poland is distinguished in great and little Poland. The chief Cities in great Poland are, Posna, Gnesna, Siradia, Uladislavia, Brescia, Crusphicia, Ploczso, Dobrinia; in little Poland, Cracow, Sandomir, and Lublin It produced Rye, Wheat, Wax, Honey, Metheglin, Hides, Flax, Hemp, Pitch, Tar, Pot-ashes, Timber, Spruce-beer, etc. Muscovy is divided in Black and white Russia; the head City of it is Musco: there is abundance of Rye, Wheat, Wax, Honey, Tallow, Suet, Harts-skins, Russia-leather, Flax, Hemp, etc. The Commonwealth of Venice hath 3 whole Countrits; viz. Marca Tarvi●…na, Friuli, Histrica, besides a part of Lombardia, laying on the river Po, viz. Brescia, Bergomo, and verona, with the jurisdiction of Cremana. Their wares are Silks, Corn, Wine, and Glass. Switserland is divided in four parts, viz. Zurichgow, Wipflis, Burgergow, Argergow, and Turgergow: The Country consisteth in three parts; the first containeth 13 Villages, Called Cantons, the second the confederated, viz. The Abot with the City S. Gall; the Third the Majoralities, which the Swissers have got. The fruits are Corn, Iron, and Wine. All the Netherlands are divided in 10 Royal Provinces; viz. Artois, an Earldom, hath 10 Cities, and 754 Villages. 2 Hainalt, an Earldom, 24 Towns, and 950 Villages. 3. Namure, an Earldom, 4 Towns, 184 Villages. 4▪ Luxemburg, a Dukedom, 23 Towns, and 1168 Villages. 5. Limburg, a Dukedom, 23 Towns, 123 Villages. 6. Flanders, an Earldom, 30 Towns, 1154 Villages. 7. Brabant, a Dukedom, 26 Towns, 70● Villages. 8. Gelderland, a Dukedom, 22 Towns, 300 Villages. 9 Mechlin, a Barony, 1 Town, 9 Villages. 10. Antwerp, a Marquisate, hath only one Town. In the 7 Provinces under the State's General, and his Highness the Prince of Orange, are 1. Gelderland, a Dukedom, with the Earldom Zutphen, have Towns and Villages as above. 2. The Earldom of Holland, hath 29. Towns, and 400 Villages. 3. The Earldom of Sealand, hath 9 Towns, and 105 Villages. 4. The Barony of Utrecht, hath 5. Towns, and 70 Villages. 5. The Barony of Friesland, hath 11. Towns, and 409 Villages. 6. The Barony of Overyssel, hath 11. Towns, and 101 Villages. 7. The Barony of Groaning, hath 1. Town, and 145 Villages. These Netherlands being the common Storehouse, receive all the said Commodities out of the above mentioned Realms, and deliver the same again to everyone by there renowned Navigation over the seas. Otherwise these countries give many sorts of corn out of there Bosom, Butter, Cheese, Flax Hemp, and more other wares. As for Hungaria, Walachia, Moldavia, Bulgaria, Romania, Dalmatia, Greece, we pass by for brevity. ASIA Comprehendeth these following Realms: viz. Tartary, Anatolia, Syria, Armenia, Arabia, Media, Assyria, Persia, Parthia, Sigistan, Corasan, Chirman, India Gusaratte, China, Bengala, Malacco, etc. Besides these there are yet innumerable Islands, of which the chiefest are Japon, Sumatra, Java, Borneo, Celebes, Gilolo, Mindanao, Luconia, Ceilon, and Formosa. The Commodities which are transported out of Asia in other Countries, are Pepper, Cloves, Nutmegs. Mace, Balm-oil, Frankincense, Rhobarb, Musk, Amber-grease, Bezar-stone, Silk, Porcelain, Pearls, Diamonds, Rubies, Cement or Plaster, Sealing wax, and Rice. These following Island produce ivery one by themselves, as followeth; Java much Pepper; Banda Nutmegs and Mace, the nixt to them, viz. Motir, Machian, Bachian, Tidor, Amboina, Nutmegs; there are also Paradise-birds. AFRICA is now adays distinguished in four parts; viz. in Barbary, Numidia, Lybia, and Aethiopia. Under Barbary are these Realms; viz. Morocco, Fez. Telezin, and Tunis. Uunder Numidia are comprehended, Gualata, Zanhaga, Zuenziga, Terga, Berdoä, Goöga, and Borno. Under Lybia are Genehoa, Caniva, Tombuta, Agades, Ghur, Cono, Cassena, Guangara, and Nubia. Under Aethiopia are these Kingdoms, Milli, Maloguta, Mandinga, Caragotes, Bengama, Dauma, Zegzeg, Benin Zanfara, Biafara, Medra, Tigrai, Ambian, Cantiva, Vangue, Danute, Gojame, Congo, Agiscumba, Malemba, Matama, Bagame, Coveo, Butua, Maitachasi, Canur, Mosambique, Gasabela, Quiloa, Quara, Melind, Olabi, Magadoxa, Doara, Dangari, Lacca, Barnagasso, Dafilla, Ganfila, Cousin, Bello, Guengari, Tigremahon, Angota, Beluguanze, Xoa, Cafates, and Fungi. Cape de Bona Esperanza is the most southern point of Africa. Out of all these Realms Comes forth Gold, Silver, Elephants-teeths, Wheat, Plaster, Salt, Crocodiles. AMERICA, the fourth and last part of the World, first known by Christoffel Columbes since the year 1492. is divided of the West-indieses in North-and South-America. The Realms or Countries in the Northern-America are, New-north-wales New-south-wales, New-Britain, Terra Laborador, Terra Corteralis, Terraneuf, Canada, New-France, New-Netherland, Virginia, Florida, Calicuas, Capaschi, Cossa, Tagil, Marata, California, Astatlan, Mechi, Culiacona, New-Galitea, Panuco, Tutepeque, Tabasco, Yucatan, Honduras and veragua; item the Islands, Cuba, Hispaniola, Porto Rico, and Jamaica, besides the other little Islands there about. The realms and Countries in the Southern-America are, S. Martha, New-Andalusia, Guajana, Caribana, Arowacas, Epuremei, Brasilia, Xarayes, Moxos, Tucuman, China, Chili, Chicas, Valey de Xuxui, Peru, and the country of Patagones'. The wares of America are, Gold, Silver, Gems, Bezoar-stone, Sugar, Brasily-wood, Salsaparilla, Cement or Plaster, Bevers-skins Plums of feathers, Apes, divers Gums, Indian Balm, etc. In these said four parts of the Earth are also many sorts of Birds, Beasts, Trees, and Plants: and under the earth divers Metals, Gems, Salt, Brimstone, Salpeter, Funtain-waters, as also divers Fires, through the Mountains vomited out by nature. Now we are to treat of the Seas, there names lengthes and bredthes and what in their bowels and Grounds is to be got. The Germanor North-sea, laying next to us, containeth in length from Dovers and Cales (laying in the heads) to Hitland, 200, and its breadth 120 Germane miles. The Baltick-or east-sea, is long 300, and broad 135. German miles. The Ice-sea, from Hitland to Greenland, is long 150. and broad 1200. German miles. The white sea between Labland and Moscovy, is long 150. and Broad 30. German miles. The Atlantick-sea, or Great north-sea Containeth in its length from Island to the un known Southland 1800. and in breadth 150. German miles. The Mediterranean or Midland sea is in length 745. and in breadth 150 Germane miles. The Adriatic or Gulf of venice is long 120. and broad 35. Germam miles. The Euxin or black sea by Constantinopol hath in length 210. and in breadth 120 Germane miles. The Persian sea is long 225. and broad 105. German miles. The Indian sea from the cape of good Hope, to the Islands de las veles, is long 1875. and broad from the city Ormus in Persia to the unknown Southland 1200. German miles. The read sea is long 30. and broad 45. German miles. The Persian Inham about Ormus is in length 240. and in breadth 90. German miles. Mare deal zur, or the Peaceable sea, (greatest of all) is long from the Islands de las veles to the city Arica in Peru 2100. and broad from the cape Hondo in the northern America to the Southlands 1500. German miles. The Tartarian sea hath in its length 750. and in its breadth 45 Germane miles. The fruits of the seas are also many sorts, as one may see by the grounds of the same, viz. Read, White, and black; Coral, Pearls, Oysters, Mossels, Sea-scum, Little horns, Shells. In the sea they found all kind of fishes, and in many parts like to the creatures, of the land. Some folks were used to call for a fifth part of the World, Terra Australis, or Magellanica, the country's Southward of the Straight Magellanes; but being the navigation of the Hollanders is known but few years in those Countries, whereas they have fond most Islands, and no Continent that deserveth such a name, so think it suficient only to hint at it, unless they would reckon for Terra Australis, the countries at the south of Nova Guinea, most found in the year 1644. and are called in our Dutch Maps Hollandia, and Zelandia-Nova. The Royal and Princely chief cities in the countries and Kingdoms, where the soverains of the World have their seats, are these: The chief city in Italy is Rome, there the Pope hath his see. Vienna or wien in Austria, above Germany, is the Keeper of the Imperial Crown and Sceptre. The city Madrid in Spain, viz. in the old Kingdom of Castilia, hath within its walls the Palace of the King of Spain. Because the Kingdom of Portugal hath formerly revolted, and chosen a King for itself, and the court Keeping of it is within the city Lissebon in Portugal, on the river Tagus. The great city of Paris, in l'isle de France in the Kingdom of France, hath the Palace de Lovure for a dweling of the King. London in England, laying in the Earldom of Middlesex, hath also the King's Palace for his Court-keeping in Westminster. Edenburg in Scotland hath been also formerly the seat of the Scotish Kings. Dublin in Ireland hath the seat of the viceroy of that Kingdom. Coppenhagen, a City in Denmark, laying on the Island Zealand, embraceth also the Royal Palace. Stockholm in Swethland is exalted, by the Palace (of the same Kingdom) being covered with Copper, laying in Upland. Warsaw, a city in Poland, laying in the Dukedom Warsaw, is also exalted by the court-keeping of the King. The city Moscow hath the mighty Palace and Courtkeeping of the Great-Lords or caars of Moscovy, in the great Dukedom of Moscovy. For to behold right in a Map of the World the Earth and the seas, we are to observe, that the Middleline going right East and West, is called the Aequinoctial Line, the crooked Circle going through the middle of it, the Zodiac, or the way of the Bon, the other circles going all East and west are called Parallel or even going circles, but the Circles going towards the north and the south, Meridian-circles: by these they measure the breadth of the Countries, and seas, as well at the north, as at the south of the Equinox, and by those of the said Parallel-Circles the length of the countries and seas, all which is to be seen in the Map of the world. The Earth in its four parts reckoned together cometh to 10350 Germane miles; and the seas all together comprehendeth in 14 seas, come to 15695. German miles. All this we have Jugded useful to show here to the good Reader, hoping to give him here by yet some satisfaction, which we entreat that our zeal to serve him, may be acceptablely taken. Farewell. four circular maps: eastern and western hemispheres, north and south poles Nova Totius TERRARUM ORBIS TABULA Ex officina I: Robijn AMSTELODAMJ sea chart (map) of Europe with part of the coast of Africa (also including Iceland and part of Greenland) Pascaart van EUROPA, Als meed e'en gedeelt vande cust van Africa. Gedruckt en uÿtgegeven, tot Amsterdam Bij Pieter Goos. chart (map) of Greenland, Iceland, the Davis Strait, and Jan Mayen Island, how one can sail to them from Shetland and the north coasts of Scotland and Ireland (also showing parts of the coast of Canada) Pascaerte van GROEN-LANDT, Yslandt, Straet Davids en jan Mayen eylandt, ho men de selvige van Hitlandt en de Noort custen van Schotlandt en Yrlandt beseylen mach. Mercator chart (map) of the East Indies, including the east coast of Africa, Madagascar, coasts of Arabia, India, southeast Asia, and China; Japan and various Pacific islands, and part of Australia Nieuwe wassende graet kaert van host INDIEN. van d. C. d. Bona Esperanca tot t'Lant Eso. T. Amsterdam. Gedruckt by I. Robin. chart (map) of the sea coasts of Russia, Lapland, Finmark (Finland and Scandinavia?), and Spitsbergen Pascaart Vande zeecusten van RUSLANT, Laplant, Finmarcken, en Spitzbergen chart (map) of the Baltic Sea from the islands Rugen and Bornholm to Wyborg Pascaarte vande OOSTZEE Van it Eylandt Rugen, oft Bornholm tot aen Wyborg. T'AMSTERDAM. Bij Pieter Goos Plaetsnÿder oped water in De Vergulde ZeeSpiegel. Ao. 1669. chart (map) of the North Sea from Calais to Dronten (Norway) and between Dover and Shetland Pascaarte van de NOORT SEE Vertenende van Calais tot Dronten, als oock tuschen Doeveren en Hitlandt. T'AMSTERDAM. Bij Pieter Goos Plaetsnijder op it water in De Vergulde ZeeSpiegel. Ao. 1666 chart (map) of the English Channel, including the coasts of England, Wales, Scotland and the Hebrides, Ireland, and part of France Pascaart vant CANAAL Begrypende in sich Engelandt, Schotlandt, en jerlandt, als meed e'en gedeelt van Francryck. chart (map) from Heysant (Ouessant or Ushant?) to Cadiz: west coast of France, Atlantic coasts of Portugal and Spain, straits of Gibraltar and parts of the Alboran Sea (western Mediterranean) as far as Berja and Melilla PASCAERT van HEYSANT tot CADIX Nuwelykx vyt Gegeven t'Amsterdam By Hendrick Goos. Zeecaert-maker. chart (map) of the western Mediterranean Sea, from the Straits of Gibraltar to Corfu, including Corsica, Sardinia, Sicily, Italy, and North Africa; with a list of names of 98 islands, corners (capes or headlands), and harbors lying in the western part of the Mediterranean Sea PASKAERTE Vaned Westelyckste Der MIDDELANDSCHE ZEE. Gesneden gedruckt en vytgegeven t'Amsterdam by Pieter Goos, op it Water in de Vergulde Zee Spiegel. Namen van de Eylanden Hoecken and Havens gelegen in it Westelycke-deel van de Middelandsche Zee chart (map) of the eastern Mediterranean Sea, from Italy and Tunisia east to the Levant, the Sea of Marmara and the Bosphorus Strait, with a list of names of 129 islands, corners (capes or headlands), and harbors lying in the eastern part of the Mediterranean Sea PASKAERTE Vaned Oostelyckste Der MIDDELANDSCHE ZEE Gesneden, Gedruckt, en Uytgegeven t'Amsterdam by Pieter Goos, oped Water inde Vergulde Zee Spiegel chart (map) of the Barbary Coast (West Africa) from Lisbon and Cape St. Vincent to the Gambia and Cape Verde De Cust van BARBARIA, Gualata, Arguyn, en Geneheo, van Capo S. Vincente tot Capo Verde new chart (map) of the Flemish Islands (Azores) Nieuwe Pascaert Van de VLAEMSE EYLANDEN Waer in oock te sien is Ho haer de kusten in Zee Sinned vertoone T'AMSTERDAM Gedruckt Bey I Robin. chart (map) of the Cape Verde islands Pascaert VANDE SOUTE EYLANDEN oft Ilbas' de CABO VERDE Gedruckt bij I Robijn Mercator chart (map) of central part of the Atlantic ocean, with parts of the coasts of North and South America and Africa PASKAERT waer in de graden der breedde over weder zyden vande middelyn wassende so vergrooten, that die geproportioneert sin tegen hun nevenstaende graden der lengde. Vertonende (behalven Europa's zuydelyckste) e'en gedeelte vande custen van Africa en America, in't Octroy by de H.M.H. Staten Genl. der vereenichde Nederl. verleent aende Gen le. West Indische Comp. t'Amsterdam by Gerrit van Schagen boeck verkooper en Kaartmaker by de N●uwe HaarlemmerSluys inde Stuur man. chart (map) of Newfoundland, New France (Quebec, New Brunswick), Nova Scotia, New England, and the Great River of Canada (St. Lawrence River) Pascaerte van TERRA NOVA NOVA FRANCIA NIEUW ENGELAND En de Groote Revier van CANADA general chart (map) of the West Indies from the Equator to Newfoundland Generaele Kaert van WEST INDIEN Vande Linie Aequinoctiael tot Benoorde Terra Neuf chart (map) of the Caribbean islands, from the Grenadines to Anguilla Pascaerte Vande Caribes Eijlanden, Van it Eijlant Granadilloes, tot it Eijlant Anguilla. Beschreven door Arent Roggeveen. Mercator chart (map) of the sea coasts of Guinea and Brazil, from Cape Verde to Cape of Good Hope and from the Amazon River to Rio de la Plata Pascaarte Vande Zee custen van GUINEA: en BRASILIA van Cabo de Verde, tot C. de bona Esperanca. en van R. de● Amazona tot Rio de la Plata, alles op Wassende Graaden gestelt. t' Amsterdam 〈◊〉 JACOBUS ROBIN, 〈…〉 chart (map) of the Pacific showing the coast of North and South America, some Pacific Islands, parts of New Zealand, Australia, New Guinea, and Japan PASKAERTE Beschreven door ARENT ROGGEVEEN Met Octroy van de H. M. Staten Generael over Zyn Geoctroyeerde Zuyt Zee t'Amsterdam By de Wed: Pieter Goos