THE Rebels Doom: OR, AN Historical Account Of the Most Remarkable REBELLIONS FROM EDWARD the Confessor's REIGN, TO His Present MAJESTIES Happy RESTAURATION.  
With the Fatal Consequences that have always attended such Disloyal Violations of Allegiance.  Foelix quem faciunt aliena pericula cautum. 
LONDON, Printed by T. B. for Robert Clavel at the Peacock in St. Pauls's Church-yard. 1684.   

TO THE READER.  
IT was th● Opinion of the Hetrurian Princes, That the Power of Rome would remain Eternal, unless it should be ruined by the intestine Discords of its own Citizens; The same may be said of the English Monarchy, whose Diuturnity is Established upon the Rocks that Environ and Guard it. Did not Her Neighbours, dreading the fatal effects of British Unanimity, use th●ir utmost endeavours to foment the Discontents of the Grreat Ones, and cherish the Jealousies of the Common People; which is the Reason that the Settled Government can never long rest in Qui●t, and that the People so often stagger in their Obedience, if they do not altogether withdraw it from their Lawful Sovereign; For, shake the Foundations of Obedience, and immediately Rebellion, Sedition, Tumult, and Faction, role in with an irresistible Inundation, and cover the fallen Ruins of all True Loyalty, and Kingdom-preserving Subjection.  
The Destructive Consequences of which, blinding unthinking Men with their own Ambitious politics, bring those Unfortunate Mischiefs upon themselves, which perhaps their most Potent Enemies could never do. However, what can be expected from such as abandon the Steerage of Reason, and suffer themselves to be governed by the Giddy persuasions of their own Disorderly Passions? For that there are several Occasions that inveigle Men to lay aside their Reason is plain; of which there is not the le●st Argument, when Persons meditating Revolutions of State, will not give themselves the Liberty from the Ill successses that have befallen Others, to consider and be Admonished of the Fatal Events that may pursue their own Attempts of the same Nature.  
Therefore in this Wavering Age, that has b●en so apt to take all Opportunities to spurn against the Lawful Authority of their Sovereign Prince, it may not be unseasonable to give the same Admonition to the Restless and Impatient of whatsoever is the settled Government; which Isocrates the Orator, gave to his Friend Nichocles amongst the rest of his Pol●tical Precepts, Not to keep any Societies or Clubs, but what are allowed by the Government, and which was to avoid all Clandestine Consultations in reference to State Disturbance, which if they do not tend to the Overt Act of Rebellion or Sedition, are ridiculous; but if driven on to their common end, are still attended with a Thousand Cares, Anxieties, Fears, Terrors, and Tormenting Mistrusts, and generally at last most fatally Calamitous. For which he gives this Infallible Reason, That the more secure the Prince is, the safer also are the People; there being nothing that more enforces a Prince to Rigour and Severity, than the Frowardness and Repugnancy of the Subject, to obey his Commands.  
For Confirmation of these Truths, all Histories are so full of Examples, that there is no Age or Nation, hardly the Reign of any Prince, which has not Experimented the Miseries of the Unhappy Deviation from th●s necessary Instructions. The Mutinous and Head-strong Elections of Otho, Galba, and Vitellius, in ho short a time did they empty themselves into the Succession of the Flavian Family? Nor could the Roman Mutineers, when whole Legions bandyed together, tho' with their Arms in their Hands, Victorious against the Common Enemy, resist the Frowns of th ir Lawful Commanders, according to that of Livy; No sooner the General ascended the Tribunal, but all their fierceness melted into nothing. The whole Army, but now all in an Uproar, could not defend their Revolting Leaders, Triumphing so lately in their Loud Acclamations, from being publicly Wh●pp'd, and Beheaded, in the m●dst of their Camp, so far from Murmuring, that they did not so much as sigh at the Severity of the Execution. For the Majesty of Lawful Authority scatters the threatening Tempests of Tumult and Insurrection, as the Sun consumes the Gloomy fogs of Winter, and serenes the Air of Clouded Government. Nor durst the Macedonian rage in the height of their Seditious Fury, withstand their Unarmed Prince, at what time he flew among the Armed Multitude, and dragged from their Protection with his own Hands to deserved Execution, the Capital Promoters of the Revolt; For though they feared not to Disobey, yet they were afraid to interpose between h●ir Lawful Sovereign's Just Revenge, and the Merited Punishment of the Miserable Fomenters of their Disobedience.  
But w●at need we travers● foreign Writers, seeing we have such Plenty of Presidents among our own Histories, enough to convince the most Factious, if not Factious to Stupidity, how vain it is? And how fatal it has been to the Undertakers, to resist the Stream of Settled Government, and Machinate against Sovereign Inheritance? Which ought to take the deeper Impression in the Minds of His Majesties Subjects, when they shall find how ill such Irregularities thrive in their Native soil, and what Blasted Harvests the Wounds of Rebellion produce in their own Climates.   

THE Rebels Doom: OR, AN Historical ACCOUNT Of the Most Remarkable REBELLIONS, &c.  

EDWARD the Confessor.  
WE shall Commence where the Truth of English History first begins to disperse the Clouds of Antiquity, in the Reign of Edward the Conf ssor, at what time we find Godwin Earl of Kent, actually in Arms against his Prince, surrounded with vast numbers of the deluded People, whom he had incensed against their sovereign, under pretence that he had a greater kindness for foreigners, then his own Subjects.  
A disturbance that cost King EDWARD no small trouble upon a slight occasion. For Eustace Earl of Bulloign having married the Kings Sister by the Fathers side, happened to have come into England some time before, ouly to give the King a Visit, then lying at Gloc ster. Upon his return home, at Canterbury one of his Harbingers quarreling with one of the Burgesses of the Town about Lodgings, chanced to be the occasion of his own Death; which when his Lord heard of, in revenge, he slay eighteen of the Citizens in the heat of his fury. On the other side, the Citizens in as great a rage betook themselves to their Arms, and slay twenty of his Retinue, wounding many more, and putting the Earl to retire. Upon whose Complaint to the King of the Injury done him; E. Goodwin was commanded by the King to see Execution done upon the offenders. Here Godwins's Ambition took its Opportunity to ingratiate himself with the People, to which purpose he advised the King to Examine the Cause, before he put his true Subjects to Death, at the Instigation of Strangers: Whereat, though King Edward were highly offended, yet it gained the politic Earl what he sought for, the Affection of the Commons. Moreover the Arch-Bishop of Canterbury a Norman, and Goodwin's Capital Enemy, made the Breach wider; incensing the King, that Godwins Refusal of his Command, was an Act of Contempt, wherein more Dangers lay concealed then were to be endured. Upon which the King called an Assembly of Estates, and appointed a day of Meeting at gloucester.  
The Commons( whose common Custom it is mortally to hate all Strangers, though for reasons of which, they can give no account) seeing, or at least being made believe that E. Godwin was in danger for his care of their privileges, were easily drawn to revolt from their sovereign, to assist the Earl and his Popular Cause, and in a warlike Posture guarded his person at Beverstame not far from the King.  
The Estates being met, Godwin who was sent for, refused to attend, pretending Service against the Welsh, so that now suspicions on both sides increasing, great preparations were made on both sides. To the King repaired several of the most powerful Nobility: To E. Godwin the People of Southwark and Kent: His Son Swain brought him the Men of Oxford, Somerset, Hereford, Gloc●ster and Berkshire, to which his Son Harold joined those of Essex, Norfolk, Suffolk and Huntingtonshire. So that being now surrounded with a formidable Army, he made no scruple to sand a Bold and traitorous Message to the King, to have the Earl of Bulloign, with all his French and Normans, then in the Castle of Dover, delivered to him and his Sons. Which being by the King refused( as it was but reason) the haughty Earl prepared to give his sovereign Battle: But the more prudent, guided by their foresight of the Imminent dangers, threatening the Kings Person, and the fatal Consequences on both sides, probably to be expected, laboured so industriously, that the whole matter was at last referred to a Parliament to be held at London, with all convenient speed.  
In order to this Agreement, King Edward strongly guarded with an Army of Mercians and Northumbrians, enters London, while Godwin and his Son, with an attendance no less formidable, quarters himself at his own House in Southwark. But then his Army wavering, and as bad causes and consciences make men do, suspecting the worst, by little and little shrunk away from him, which being known to the King, he presently pronounced Sentence of Banishment against the Rebel Godwin and his five Sons, without farther proceeding by way of Parliament, as he had determined. Thereupon Godwin with a vast Mass of Wealth, and three of his Sons failed into Fland rs, while the other two passed into Ireland; who being thus dispersed, were by the King proclaimed Outlaws.  
In the second year of his Banishment, Godwin and his three Sons, having furnished himself with several Ships of War, came upon the Coasts of Kent and Sussex, where they landed and returned laden with spoils. The like did Harold and Leofwin, his two other Sons, upon the Coasts of Somerset and Devonshire, whence coasting about the point of cornwall, they joined their Fathers Fleet near the Isle of Wight.  
The King not enduring the Insolence of these outlawed Rebels, with a Navy of sixty Ships well fitted for War, intended to have made an end of those Rebellious Devestations, by the Destruction of the Disloyal Godwin and his Sons: But the Fleets being ready to engage, such a thick Fog overspread the Sea, that the Fleets could not see one another; at what time Godwin and his complices were driven by contrary Winds, to the place from whence they came. However King Edward still jealous of his Return, set forth a Navy of forty stout Ships to secure the Seas, who did not keep so strict a watch, but that Godwin slipped by them, and having gained the People of Kent, Essex and Surrey to his Assistance, entered the Thames, where he did the like to those of London, who accepted of his Arrival, though King Edward lay there, so that without disturbance, his Navy warped up with a Tide through the South-Arch of the bridge, while a mighty Army mustered to his aid upon the same side of the River.  
Thus the Nobility finding English against English, ready to imbrue their hands in each others Blood, wrought so far with the King and his Rebellious Subject, that conditions of Peace were agreed on, and pledges delivered for the performance.  
Godwin now restored to the Kings favour, might seem to have prospered by his Rebellion, and to have gained by the Breach of his Allegiance, to his Lawful sovereign; but if he were too powerful for the King to punish for his misdeeds, yet he could not escape the Vengeance and Justice of Heaven, which prosecuted him so far, that he was suddenly surprised with the stroke of Death, as he sat at Table with that sovereign Prince of his, to whom he had given so much vexation and rebellious Trouble, contrary to his sworn fealty and Homage.  
Nor were his Counsels less traitorous than his Actions: For by his continual incensing the King against his virtuous Wife, he abstained obstinately, from her Bed, by which means he left the Kingdom Heirless, and at last subjected it to a foreign Race.  
Therefore was he punished by the hand of Heaven as we have heard, in his own person; and afterwards in the Persons of two Sons, Swain and Harold. The first of which was murdered by the Saracens: His other Son Harold, who had taken part with his Father in his Rebellious practices, as one whom Heaven had decreed to depress, accepting neither the good council of his Fri●nds, nor the offers of the Norman, was forced to surrender his life and usurped Kingdom, to the punishment of his Treasons to his Prince, and his perjury to the conqueror, as if he had been only set up by the hand of Providence for a while, to bury the Glory of the English in his Ruins, and render him the more Illustrious mark of Divine Vengeance.   

WILLIAM I.  
What ever opinion the English might have of the Norman, being as yet no more then a Duke, and looked upon as their Invad●r and conqueror, while Edgars Title had several Abettors of great Birth and Power, I will not dispute. But when the Kingdom had once acknowledged King William their sovereign, and set the Crown upon his Head, when the Prince had taken his Coronation Oath, and they as his Subj●cts had sworn to him Fealty and Homage, then for the Northumbrians to take Arms, though it were for the recovery of their former Liberties, and for the Citizens of Exet●r to shut their Gates against Him, was absolute Rebellion. The Citizens of Exeter were not only content to shut their Gates against their sovereign, but contemptuously to flout and revile Him, till the very stones ashamed of so much Insolence against a King, fell down of themselves, and surrendered the Rebels that trusted in their defence, to the Mercy of their incensed Prince.  
As for the Northumbrians, they were so fortunate, as to overthrow the Kings Lieutenant whom he sent against them, but when the King himself drew near them in Person, the very terror of his Approach daunted all their farther Attempts, so that he easily took several of the Chief Authors of the Rebellion, of which he punished some by cutting off their Hands, and others by taking off their Heads, according to the merits of their Crime.  
Nor did it fare better with Ralph de Ware, Earl of Suffolk and Norfolk, who upon his Wedding day, persuaded his Guests into open Rebellion, having also inveigled his Brides Brother into the same Conspiracy. But though King William were then in Normandy, so fair an opportunity availed them nothing; forsaken in their extremity by those they most trusted, and betrayed by one of their own party, the Earl of Northamp. the one was Condemned to perpetual Imprisonment, and the other constrained to fly his Country and live in Exile.  
Nor may we here omit the unnatural Rebellion of his own Son, whose impatient Ambition claiming his Fathers Inheritance before the Law of Nature gave it Him, or that his Father was willing to resign it to him, fermented his hasty fury to that height, that he broke forth into open H●stility against his sovereign that begot him, insomuch that the business came to a battle, wherein the Son wounded the Father, and bore him off his Horse to the Ground. But what was the issue of this Disobedience? For the Dishonour done to his Father, and Disloyalty for his unnatural Arms, he lived afterward bitterly cursed by his own Parent; who execrated the time when he begot Him. Which Curses pursued him so violently, that what he so rapaciously and unseasonably endeavoured to wrest out of his Fathers Hands, he afterwards, when he was in Possession of it, lost to his Brother Henry, was by him bereft of both his Eyes, and after twenty Years Imprisonment in the Castle Caodiffe, there miserable ended his days.  
The words of King William himself are very remarkable to our purpose. In Normandy, saith he, my foreign Foes have risen up against me; yea my inward Friends I may say have invaded me: My Son Robert and other Younglings whom I have brought up and given arms, have rebelled; to whom my false Clients and Subjects have given their Assistance, but they have not prospered, God, whose Servant I am, ever defending me, neither have they got any thing of mine, besides Iron in their Wounds.   

WILLIAM II.  
In this Kings Reign, Odo Bishop of Bayeux, the Kings Uncle, out of a spleen taken against Lanfrank the Arch-bishop complotted the downfall both of the one and the other, to which purpose, drawing into the Conspiracy, Roger Earl of Hereford, with several other of the Nobility, he wrote Letters into Normandy to his Nephew Duke Robert, hastening him to recover his right against his Brother, then King of England by his Fathers Will; which he promised should be soon effected by his means.  
Duke Robert being easily drawn into this Rebellion, the Bishop was the first that appeared in the Action, and fortifying Rochester began to set all Kent in a Combustion. His complices encouraged by his example, did the l●ke in other parts of the Kingdom; for in the West, Robert Mowbray Earl of Northumberland assisted by another Bishop sacked Bath, and fortified the Castle of B●istow against the King. In Norfolk Roger Bygod, in Lë●cester Hugh Grentemeisnel wasted those Counties. Roger Montgomery assisted by the Bishop of Durham, the Kings domestic Chaplain, harassed the County of Worcester with Fire and Sword.  
The Kingdom thus in a Rebellious uproar, and Rufus thus turmoiled, raises an Army of his faithful Subjects, which he first lead into Kent, took the Castles of Tunbridge and Horn, besieged Odo in the Castle of Pomsey, which he constrained him to surrender, together with the Castle of Rochester, and then having deprived him of all his Lands and Livings in England, banished him out of the Kingdom.  
Duke Rob●rt having by this time set footing in England, when he saw the main Pillar of his hopes thus fallen, made peace with his Brother, returned back into Normandy, and left the rest of the Conspirators at the Kings mercy, to make what Compositions they could for themselves. And thus the vain Project of tha● aspiring Prelate against his King and sovereign, vanished into smoke.  
Not long after Robert Mowbray before mentioned and William of Anco, with others, conspired to deprive the King both of his Crown and Life, and to have set up Stephen de Albemarle his Aunts Son. The fatal event of which Treason was prevented by surprising Roger de Mowbray, who for his former Treachery and this, dyed a Prisoner. William of Ancho was punished with the loss of both his Eyes and his Virelities: And William Almerick another of the Conspirators, the Kings Godfather, Kinsman and sure cruelly whipped, and afterwards all naked as he was and besmeared with his own gore, more Ignominiously hanged.   

HENRY I.  
In the Reign of this King, several Male-cont●nts of whom the Chief was Robert Beliasme Earl of Shrewsbury affecting alteration, beholded with a Malignant Eye, the Glory of His beauteous Crown: Robert as the most powerful, fortified the Towns of Shrewsbury, Bridgnorth, Arundel & Tick●hil, with Victuals, Ammunition and Men, and allured the fickle Welshmen to his designs, of which the King having Intelligence marched into those parts with a Po●erful Army, recovered Bridgn ' compelled Shrewsb ' to sand him the Keys of her Gates, and at length constrained Beliasme & other Heads of the Rebels to abjure the Rea●m for ever.  
In his Territories beyond Sea, the Earl of Mollent conspiring with Hugh Earl of Mantfort against their sovereign, and breaking forth into actual Reb●llion, were by the Kings Lieutenant in those parts trained into an Ambush laid for that purpose, and being both taken alive, were delivered up by the Victor to the revenge of their offended Prince.   

HENRY II.  
Against Hen. 2. Hugh de Mortimer stuffed his Castles of gloucester, Wigmore and Bridgnorth, with Rebellious Garrisons, for no other reason, but because he would not be under his sovereigns control, but he was soon tamed by the King, who suddenly reduced all his Castles to Obedience with very little labour or expense.  
As for the Troubles which he had from his Son, after he had caused him to be crwoned King with himself, and given him a share of his Royal sovereign Authority, they might be called an unnatural and ingrateful Retaliation of Paternal Kindness, yet it could not be said to be a Rebellion of one crwoned Head against another. Nevertheless they who advanced the unjust Pret●ntions and Animosities of the Son were no way to be excused: They who blew the coals of dissension, and were the chief Incendiaries of the Divisions between the crowned Son, and Diademn'd Father; I mean those that were no less the Subjects of the one then the other were equal Traitors to both. Therefore did Providence, meaning only to chastise the King, and not to deliver him up into his Enemies Hands, destroy those hopes that moved the Son to his unnatural Attempts: So that the Earl of Leicester, one of the most violent Fire brands in that Disunion, one who was not contented to have affronted King Henry the Father, in the behalf of his young Lord and Master, but is Recorded to have laid his daring Hand upon His Sword to have struck the King, had he not been withheld, was encountered by several of the Loyal Nobility steadfast to the Old King, and with the loss of five Thousand of his Flemings, Himself and His Amazonian Countess taken Prisoners and carried over into Normandy, where at that time the Old King was, to be at his disposal.  
And it is observable, that His Son Richard the First, though he had a deep Hand in these Contentions against his Father, yet when he came to the Crown, he banished from his Familiarity, and hated all those who had forsaken his Father, and both retained and enriched those other, who had Loyally stood for the Elder King at all times, both against his Brother and Himself.   

King JOHN.  
The Reign of this magnanimous Prince was nothing but a continual contest against Treason and Disloyalty, as well ecclesiastic as Secular. Which were the two Handles that Philip of France took hold off, to wrest the Dukedom of Normandy from his Dominion. Never did Prince with more Resolution, or with more Success, oppose the Power of his foreign Enemies, till the Infidelity of his own haughty Prelates gaves his Barons the Opportunity to manacle his victorious Arms. For by the traitorous Contention of a Proud Monk, advanced to the Primacy of England by the humble Order of Cloistered Monks at Canterbury, without the Kings knowledge or consent, and upon the Election of a another by the Kings Approbation, disclaiming his subjection to his Lawful Prince and appealing to the Pope, an equal match for English Princes at that time, the Kings Affairs were strangely disordered. The Barons also from Arch-Bishop Huberts treasonable Doctrine preached before 'em, when they were preparing for the King's Inauguration, That the Crown of England was merely Arbitrary, and at the Peoples Devotion; and from their own unwillingness to forego that uncontrollable greatness, to which they had habituated themselves through King Richard's long absence in the Ho●y-Land, had sucked the Princ●ples of Rebellion, nor would be brought to swear other then conditional Fealty to the King, that is, they would no longer keep Faith and Peace to their sovereign, then he continue to them their Rights and Liberties. For under those specious Va●l●s they covered their Ambitious designs to copemate their Prince, and put undue Restraints upon Regality. This Philip of Fra●ce well underst●od, and therefore sedulously kept up the humour amongst the Rebellious Barons, and said the craving Appetite of Disloyal Hub●rt with Golden Morsels, who thereupon was no less diligent to across the Kings Designs, by a dexterous management of the perverseness of the Nobility, whenever he attempted to repair his Honour and Losses. Which Combinati●n was carried on with more secres●e while Hubert lived, for then he could make use of his Legative P●wer to countermand the Kings Commands as he pleased, and the Barons could pretend Reverence to the Holy See for their Disobedience, which Treachery of his, when the King had discovered, he dyed for grief, and the King after his Death had the Satisfaction to seize his ill got Wealth and vast Poss●ssions, too unwieldy for a Church man, in part of amends for the Treasons of his Life.  
But Hubert being dead, the Proceedings of the Barons were then more open, but still the Church contentions gave them their chiefest Opportunies. For upon Reginald the Monk's Appeal to Pope Innocent, the cunning Roman set aside both Reginalds claim, and the Bishop of Norwich's chosen by the Kings Order, and imposes upon the King, Stephen Langton a Cardinal and the Kings mortal Enemy. By the way you are to understand that this Innocent was one of that blessed Tri●mvirate, Innocent at Rome, Saffudine the Turk at Jerusalem, and Alexander the Fratricide at Constantinople, of wh●m thus yoked together it was said that the prophesy of St. John was fulfilled, where the Devil was to be let loose after a Thousand Years restraint. The King galled to the quick with this lewd and villainous Obtrusion of the Pope, so much to his dishonour, the prejudice of his Cro●n, and his own safety, vows to stand by his own Elect, and to die in Defence of the Liberties of his Crown, threatening withal, that if he were crossed in this, to hinder all Persons from crossing the Seas to Rome, and no longer to be a beggar for foreign Justice, but Innocent slighting his Menaces, sent his commands to the English Bishops not only to submit to Langhton, but to interdict the King himself if he continued as he called it Contumacious. Nor was the Pope more Insolent in his commands, then the Bishops officiously Disloyal and Unfaithful to their Prince in the Execution, so that the King was deprived of the very Face of Christianity for many Years ensuing, as if not Pope Innocent, but Julian the Apostate had moved up the Temples of the true God; for which Disloyalty of theirs, he made his own Dominions to hot to hold such a Disloyal brood, confiscating their Revenues, and sending their Persons for maintenance to him that had set 'em to work: Amongst the rest, the archdeacon of Norwich, for advising the Kings Subjects to relinquish their Obedience to their sovereign, because of the Popes Anathema, was imprisoned and forced to wear a Coat of led, the weight of which sunk him in a short time to his Grave: Nor were there wanting some among the Abbots themselves, who preached that the Calamities of the perfidious Clergy were no reproaches to the Prince, but due rewards of their heinous Trespasses; in regard it belonged to the King to govern and bridle the disobedience of his Subjects. Nor is there any doubt to be made, but that the King had been an easy Victor over Romes Fulminations, had not the Nobility been envenomed with the clergies infection. For notwithstanding the fiery heat of Antichristian wrath, at first he reduced Ireland to Obedience, and was marching to suppress the Rebellious Welsh, but then as he was sitting at Table at Nottingham, he received intelligence from his faithful friend malcolm King of Scots and his Daughter Joan, Prince Leolins Lady, that Imminent Treason was plotted against him by sundry of his Barons, who had designed either to murder him or betray him to the Butchery of his Foes, which dreadful Informations from such true and cordial Friends could not however fright his courageous Heart, till coming to Chester, he there understood by several other Intimations, that his Nobles had discharged themselves from his Allegiance, up●n which he dismissed his Army, pursued the detected Conspirators, of which the three Principals flying the Land, he prosecuted their Persons, Demolished their Castles, and Confiscated their Possessions. Nevertheless they left many more of as vile and virulent affections behind, such were those, who sent to Philip of France their sealed Charters, promising to settle the Crown of England on his Head, if he would come and receive it.  
Nor was this all, for then the Church-men began to act their parts again, and Stephen Langhton with the Bishops of Ely and London, thirsting after revenge, though with the ruin of their Prince and Country, with loud compliments solicited their Lord the Pope, to support the English Church at the point of Ruin. Thereupon the Pope decrees, that the King should be deposed, and that his Holiness should provide some other in his Rome, who to that purpose sends to Philip of France, requiring him to undertake the labour of Dethrowning Him, with no less reward then the Pardon of his Sins, and to enjoy the Crown of England to him and his Heirs for ever.  
Thereupon King Philip having this fair opportunity to make use of the spacious pretences of Justice and Devotion, not so much in obedience to the Popes command, as encouraged by the traitorous requests of the Barons, raises a vast Army, and prepares a Navy answerable for their transportation, in order to kill and take Possession. On the otherside King John was no less vigilant for his own defence: Nor was he yet so ill beloved among the People, but that upon his Summons, such infinite Numbers flocked to Dover and the Sea Coasts there abouts, that the Officers were forced to dismiss many Thousands, retaining only the choicest and most Valiant for Service, that had the leaders been but Faithful and Cordial to their Prince: There breathed not any Prince under Heaven, whose Assault England had not been able to repel.  
But in the midst of these preparations arrives Pandolph the Popes Legate, and in a long harangue persuades the King to submit, who at length, rather out of Compassion to his People, then out of any fears of his own, condescends to such conditions as Necessity and the Pope, who neither of ●hem have any law were pleased to impose, altho much too Ignominious for so Brave and Generous a Prince, whose powerful Arms were fettered by the mistrust of his own un●aithful Nobility. However with that little liberty which he had left him, he made a shift to ruin Philip's Fleet, upon Pandolphs command to forbear England, designed upon one of the Kings Alleys, and to bring in Triumph to his own Dominions, the great preparations intended for his own Extirpation.  
And now the Barons break out into open di●obedience; for when the King in prosecution of this Victory, had mustered together a Potent Army and expected at Portsmouth, that all truly English would gladly have embraced so fair an opportunity, to recover the Hereditary Provinces belonging to the Kings Dominions from the false French, his Barons restless in proclaiming their sovereigns unrest, flatly oppose themselves against his commands and their Countries good, denying him both their Service and Attendance, until he were absolved from his Excommunication. Afterwards, when the King was assoiled and hastening again to embark his Army at Portsmouth a second time, they found out new excuses to impede his designs; so that when the King had put to Sea himseif, with a small Attendance, expecting his Disloyal Barons to follow him, they all departed home, insomuch that the forsaken King was forced to return as he went. Afterwards upon the high Altar at St. Edmunds-bury, they swore every man severally to renounce their Fealty to the King, till he had condescended to their specious pretences of Liberty.  
In pursuance of which they raise a vast Army, appointing Robert Fitz-Walter to be their Commander, under the Title of marshal of Gods Army and the Holy Church, and constrained the King in Running Mead near Windsor, to yield to several Propositions altogether derogatory to his sovereign Prerogative, and to admit Twenty Five Sel ct●d Peers to be sharers with him in his Government; by which means, one of the Greatest sovereigns in Christendom was become the Twenty Sixth petty King in his own Dominions.  
But as it is the fate of such Savage madness of Disloyal Dispositions, that to attain the shadow of seeming Liberties, they immerge themselves and their Abettors into bottonles Distresses, so it fair'd with these Rebellious Barons; for King John having now two Armies on Foot, the one lead by himself, the other by the Earl of Salisbury, victoriously subdued thess Rebels where ever he marched. Stephen Langhton the Arch-bishop and Ringleader of the Conspiracy was at an Assembly in Rom● of Sixty one Arch bishops, four Hundred, Bishops, and eight Hundred Abbots and Priors accused and convicted of High Treason against his Natural Prince, and suspended by the Pope from his See and Dignities; the Barons were all Excommunicated by Name, and their Poss●ssions interdicted, so that the Rebels were now reduced to utmost Despair, and therefore hopeless to find any favour from their justly offended Prince, as if the Treasons they had committed could not be safe, but by attempting greater, they call in Lewis the French Kings Son to their Assistance, who came indeed for his own ends, and boy'd up the Rebellion for a while, but with a Resolution, if ever the Crown were settled on his Head, to have Condemned to perpetual Exile, all such as then adhered to him against King John, as Traitors to their sovereign, and to have extirpated all their Kindred in the Land. Such is the Abomination of Rebellion, even in those that make advantage of it; which being detected to them by Vincent de Melan, a Noble French-man upon his Death Bed, wrought such a Consternation among the Barons, that above forty of them prepared to prostrate themselves at the Kings Mercy; which the King was not in a Condition to receive, as lying himself upon his Deaths-Bed; but though they scaped the Kings Chastisement upon their Persons, yet was it remarkable to see how impetuously they driven on the intended punishment to themselves of their falsehood to their Prince, and the due rewards laid up in store for their Disloyalty and disobedience; so that now finding to what a miserable pass they had brought themselves more afraid of their Protector, they hastened to eject him out of the Kingdom, with the same eagerness with which they had brought him in.  
But as for those who obstinately adhered to Lewis, they were most of 'em taken upon the Storm of Lincoln, and in a short time found themselves at the mercy of their injured sovereigns Son and Successor.   

HENRY III.  
In the reign of this Prince we find a hot Sedition raised to set up Lewis the French King again, by Constantine Fitz Arnulph, a Wealthy Citizen of London: But notwithstanding the numerous rabble which he had got to defend Lewis's Title, he was at last taken and hanged: But this was a Commotion of no great Moment, in respect of what ensued; for now Simon Earl of Leicester, and the Earl of gloucester Rebels far more dangerous and powerful gave the King new Troubles. To which purpose, having drawn into their Confederacy several others of the Baronage, they enter into a League against the King; and coming armed to a Parliament then held at Oxford, with whom also joined sundry of the Bishops, who had taken the same Counsels against their King, the Lords anointed, they strenuously propounded several traitorous Articles to the King, imperiously demanding his Assent thereto, the Chief points of which were, that the King would observe their darling Charter of Liberties, and admit of such Justiciaries and great Officers as they pleased themselves.  
Then they renewed their Confederacy, solemnly swearing, that neither for Life nor Death, Love nor Hatred, they would be drawn to relent in their traitorous purposes, till they had cleared England from their over nice and pretended fears of Aliens and Strangers. They had also a farther Project than all this, broached by the Disloyal Bishops; that four and Twenty Persons should be chosen to have the sole Administration of the King and State, and the yearly appointment of great Officers, reserving only to the King the Highest place at Meetings and Salutations of Honour in public Places: To all which the King and Prince were enforced to swear, for fear of perpetual Imprisonment; the traitorous Lords having threatened Death to all that resisted, upon which the Peers and Prelates took their Oaths to be Faithful in this their Infidelity, and the Arch-Bishops and Bishops solemnly cursed all that should Rebel against it, which impudent Treason, the Monks themselves detesting, asked with what Fore-head, especially the Prelates, durst thus impair the Kings Majesty contrary to their sworn Fidelity to him? Which conjuration they prosecuted so far, that when William de valemce denied to render up any Castle that was committed to his Charge; the Earl of Leicester and the rest of the Conspirators replied, they would either have his Castle or his Head; And when Henry the King of the Roman's Son denied to combine with them, or to take their Oath without his Fathers consent, the roundly  told him, That if his Father himself would not hold with the Baronage; he should not hold a Furrow of Earth among them.  
On the other side, the King to vindicate his Roy●l Power out of the Usurping Barons Hands, takes the Tower of London and prepares force against force, by the help of his Brother the King of the Romans.  
At first the King proved successful, encountering his Enemies at Northampt●n, where he took fourteen of the Principal Barons, but afterwards losing an unfortunate Battle to the Earl of L●icester, was himself taken Prisoner, together with the Prince, the King of the Romans and Henry his Son; By which advantage the Kingly Rebel got all the Chief Castles of the Kingdom into his Hands: But at length the Earls of Leicester and gloucester, the two main Pillars of the Rebellion, falling out about their Shares of the spoils( for what ever they pretended for the Kingdom; their own Greatness and Gain was the Chief Motive) gloucester deserts the Party of Leicester, and Associates with the Kings Friends, to whom afterwards the Prince escapes out of H reford Castle; who altogether joining Battle with the Rebels near Evesham, the Earl of Leic●ster's Army was totally routed and himself slain, his Head sent to Worcester, and his Hands and Feet chopped off from the rest of his Body: The King being thus at Liberty calls a Parliament at Winchest●r, by Authority of which, he seized into his Hands the Charter of London and other Towns that had sided with the Rebels: Those that were taken in the Bat●le were committed to safe Custody, and all that had taken part with the Earl were Disinherited, and a rateable distribution made of their Estates, to the Kings deserving Friends. The Earls two Sons were attainted, and their Mother the Countess sent out of England ●ever to return. Simon the Eldest Son of the Earl, upon his Submission, was Condemned to perpetual Exile, with only a sma●l allowance of five Hundred Marks a year for his subsistence. As for the Clergy, Ottobon the Popes Legate Excommunicated the Bishops of Winchester, Worcester, London and Chichester, for adhering to the Rebels, and condemned the Clergy to pay their Tenths for seven years to the King. And this was that which the Disloyal Leicester and his Confederates got, instead of that Power and unjust Authority at which they aimed, for their Treason and Infidelity to their sovereign.   

EDWARD II.  
In the reign of Edward the 2d. upon the Advancement of the two Spencers to the Kings favour, Thomas Earl of Lancast●r, and in a manner all the Barons of the Kingdom, as if it had been a Crime in the King to love any one but whom they pleased, never restend till by the terror of Rebellious Civil Arms, they had enforced the King to banish his two favourites.  
Thereupon the King manfully resolving to die in the quarrel, or bring his Lords to be at his disposal, levies an Army, marches to Cicester, taking many Castles and besieging others.  
This put the Barons into such a Consternation, that many of them deserted their Chieftain the Earl of Lancaster, and rendered themselves to the Kings Mercy. Others were apprehended, as were the two Mortimers; the rest sent to Wallingford Castle. However the Faction, tho weakened by these defections, made head in the North under the Earl of Lancaster: Thither the King marched, and with the only show of his Army made the Earl fly to Burton upon Trent. Nor did the displeasure of Heaven, nor the revenging Arm of sovereign Power leave them so; for at Borrough-bridge humphrey de Bohun, one of the Chief Rebels was slain by a Welshman, who thrust him from under the Bridge into his Body with his Spear. The Earl of Lancaster also, with other Principal Barons and Knights, to the number of Fourscore and ten were also taken Prisoners, by Persons of no great Note, the Captains of Carleil and York, who with considerable forces out of those parts, stopped the farther Progress of the Rebels at Borrough-bridg already mentioned.  
The Earl of Lancaster with five or six Barons more were beheaded at Pontfraict. The Lords Clifford, Mowbray and Dey-vil were hanged in Iron Chains at York; the Lord Badlesmore was Executed at Canterbury, and others in other places, as the Lord John Clifford at gloucester, the Lord Henry Teys at London, and at Windsor the Lord Francis de Aldenham; all which miserable Tragedies were only the dire Effects of Disloyalty and Rebellion.  
True it is, that this unfortunate Prince was deposed by the unskilful Contrivances of a Disloyal Wife overswayed and governed by the most Ambitious and vindicative Rebel then alive, Roger Lord Mortimer. But Heaven would not permit that either should long enjoy the Fruits of that dismal Tragedy which they had acted: For Mortimer when he least suspected it, was ravished by the Young King from the Embraces of his Adulterous Moth r, and ignominiously hanged at the common Gallows at Tiborn. The Queen Mother was deprived of al●●●er Ample Dower, confined within the streight Limits of a narrow abode at Risings near London, put to a short Pension and Allowance of only a thousand Pounds per annum, upon which she lived a solitary Widow for thirty Years together, debarred of all those Pomps and Honours, otherwise due to her high Birth and Quality.   

RICHARD II.  
Hitherto we have seen the Disloyalty and Disobedience of the most Eminent Personages of the Nation severely punished by the Revenging Hand of Providence: In this Kings Reign, the rabble would needs undertake to be the Kings Reformers, and like a Monstrous Hydra, erecting their shapeless heads, began to hiss against their sovereigns Regal Power and Authority.  
This Prince coming young to the Crown, had appointed for his governor John D. of Lancaster the Kings Uncle, who also assumed the Titles of King of Castle and Leon; whose Government not pleasing the People, by reason of a Tax Levied by Poll upon all Persons above sixteen Years of Age, moved the enraged Multitude to roll together in such a dreadful Torrent, that the King and Kingdom, seemed as it were suddenly fallen under their most wicked fury.  
There were in this rebellious Insurrection, the Commons and Peasants, principally those of Kent and Essex, who drew into their Infernal Association the Neighbouring Countries of Suffolk, Norfolk, Cambridg, Surrey, Kent and other places.  
They of Kent embattel'd themselves under two Banners of St. George, and threescore and ten displayed Engsigns, upon Black Heath, and from thence came to London, where the Generality of the People inclining to them, they became Masters of Misrule, and burnt the Priory of St. Johns, and the Magnificent Palace of the Savoy then belonging to the D. of Lancaster; with all the Riches in it; and all this in a kind of Holy Outrage, throwing one of their Fellows into the flamme, for having thrust a piece of stolen Plate into his Bosom, like another Achan.  
The Rebels of Essex marched to Lamb●th, where they burnt all the Archbishops Goods, and defaced all the Writings, Records, Rowles and Monuments of the Chancery; Nor was their desperate fury satisfied to extend itself to the spoil of Houses and Substance; they laid bloody hands also upon the most eminent and worthy personages in the Kingdom, Simon Tibald Arch-bishop of Canterbury, and Sir John Hales Lord Prior of St. J●hns and Treasurer of England, whom without respect to the majesty of the King, or the privilege of their Honourable Dignities, they most inhumanly murdered by cutting off their Heads upon To●er-Hill, in the midst of their Infernal shouts and impious Yels.  
They had many Captains to led them on and encourage them in their Mischievous Enterprizes, of which the chief were Wat tiler of Maidstone, and Jack Straw; They had besides a Chaplain as Graceless as themselves, one John Ball an Excommunicated Priest, who with his precious Doctrine nourish't their enflamed Rage, and their Number was esteemed at one time to have been a hundred Thousand. Of these a great Number accepting the Kings Mercy, returned home, but then Wat tiler nothing dismayed, but rather believing himself now surrounded with a more desperate and resolved party, who having refused the Kings Pardon, were bound to adhere to him in his Disloyalty, under pretence of disliking the Articles tendered to him by the King, sought to win time, till he might put in Execution his intended execrable Treasons, which were to murder the King and Great Men of the Kingdom, and to Erect Petty Tyrannies to themselves in every Shire. In Norfolk also one John Littistar a Dyer, had taken upon him the Title of King of the Commons, and in Suffolk one John Wraw another lewd Priest, had assigned the same Dignity to one J●hn Westbroom.  
The Young King in these fears and dangers repaired to Westminster, while Wat tiler with his Camp of Rakeshames attended in Smithfield, still caviling with the conditions of Peace, till the King arriving from Westminster, placed himself on Hors●back before St. Bartholomews Gate, attended by Walworth Lord Mayor of the City, and others of high place and quality, and from thence sent for the Lordly Rebel to come and speak with him. Nor was it without great entreaty that the disdainful mushroom vouchsafed to come, and when he came behaved himself so insolently, that he offered to Murder Sir John Newton for his Omission of some Punctillio of Respect, which he arrogated to his Usurped Dignity, upon which he was presently with a drawn Sword arrested by Walworth, who followed his blows with that success, that the new prodigy of a traitor was soon felled to the ground and slain, only pitied in this, that his fall was by an Honourable Arm, and not by the Hand of the Common Executioner.  
The rabble seeing the fall of their Captain, prepared for extremity of Revenge, at what time the young King with a present Wit and Courage spurred forth his Horse, and bid the mutinous Throng follow him without being grieved for the loss of a Ribauld and traitor, for that he would be their Captain, upon which the Multitude not daring to lift up a Hand against him( such is the awe of real majesty) pressed after him into the Field, believing themselves now sure of their desires. In the mean while the Lord Mayor slips into the City, Arms immediately a thousand stout Citizens, and with Tyler's Head born before them, speeds to the Kings relief.  
The Rebels now seeing themselves hemmed in with Armed Men, some fled, some fell upon their knees, and answerably to their baseness begged their lives, who lately thought themselves both Masters of the Field, and of the King himself.  
In Norfolk, Henry de Spencer Bishop of the diocese, making use of St. Peters Sword, flew into the Rebels Trenches, and after he had slain a great number of the Disloyal crowd, caused their Mushroom King Littestar, to be drawn and hanged, and then to have his Head chopped off.  
Into Essex the Lord Thomas of Woodstock the Kings Uncle, with Sir Thomas Percy were sent, where the Rebels were strong in Number, they were nevertheless broken at the very first charge made upon them.  
The same Fortune attended them in all other parts where they had embody'd; so that at length being all quelled and dissipated, nothing remained but the deserved punishment of their detested Insolence; for which about 15 hundred were Executed in several places. And this end for the present had these Infernal Attempts of the base People, in which was plainly to be beholded the hideous Face of anarchy and Plebeian Rage, which tho' it be violent for the time, yet seldom proves durable, still melting at the Approach of ensuring Majesty; it being observed, That the heat of this popular Fury did not last above eight days.  
But to show that the People are only like good Tools, altogether ineffectual unless in the hands of them that know how to make use of them, the ensuing Rebellion of the Lords, was an apparent Argument: For tho they could not manage themselves, yet being in the hands of them that knew how to make advantage of their Discontents, and their Robustious Numbers, they wrought that mischief to their sovereign as sturdy Instruments, which they could not effect by their impolitic Contrivances. Nor were the Discontented Lords negligent to lay hold of the Opportunity, while they were in this floating Humour.  
The Duke of Ireland, whom the King most Cordially loved, for that very reason was become a great Eye-sore to several of the Nobility, but more especially to the Duke of gloucester, one of the Kings Uncles; for that the Duke of Ireland had Repudiated his Wife near Kins-woman to the King and him, and had taken to his Bed one of the Queens Women, a Bohemian of mean Birth.  
This Injury to his Kins-woman boiled in Glocesters Stomach, and therefore under the pretence of Reformation, and removing Evil Counsellors, he Confederates with the Archbishop of Canterbury, the Earls of Arundel, Warwick, Marshal, and others at Arundel in Essex, where they also take an Oath of secrecy, and conclude to raise a Power against the King to obtain what they aimed at, not Reformation, but Revenge, and the Mastery of their Gentle sovereign, by main force.  
This Conspiracy was Discovered by Thomas Mowbray Earl of Nottingham, a Party in the Plot to the King; upon which the Duke of gloucester was surprised by Mowbray, who waited for him in the Woods through which he was to pass, and sent Prisoner to Callis. The Earls of Arundel and Warwick, with the Lord Cobham, and Sir John Cheney, were likewise Arrested, and Committed to safe Custody. And now what was the Fruits of this Topping piece of Disloyalty, hatched by these Personages of such eminent degree? The Earls of Arundel and Warwick Convicted before the Duke of Lancaster, Lord High Steward for their trials, for the Treasons already rehearsed: the former lost his Head, and the other was banished to the Isle of Man, though under the same Sentence of Condemnation. The Duke of gloucester was put to Death at Callis, being too much the Darling of the unruly Multitude to be brought to public Justice. As for those that were his Favourites, by their ill-Counsels and worse management of Affairs, betrayed him to his Deposal; they, for their Disloyalty to his successor, had their Portion of Calamity in the next King's Reign.   

HENRY IV.  
Henry the fourth, while Duke of Lancaster, having made his claim to the Crown, it was by all the States of the Kingdom with one consent granted, That the said Lord Duke should Reign over them: and thereupon he was first placed in the Royal Throne by the Arch-bishops of Canterbury and York, and afterwards solemnly crwoned and Anointed at W●stminster, which certainly invested him in all the Prerogatives of an English Monarch, and thereby the Fealty and Homage of all his Subjects became due to him.  
But scarce was he warm in his new achieved sovereignty, when a Nes; t of powerful Enemies began to hatch his Destruction under the shadow of his own Wings. The chief in the Conspiracy, were the Earls of huntingdon, Rutland, Kent, and Salisbury, the Bishop of Carl sle, and several others of great Quality. The main Point of the Plot was to Kill the King and his Son, and to restore deposed Richard; But the Plot was Discovered first by the Earl of Rutland, and then by the Lord Mayor: tho' with so short a warning, that the King was scarce out of danger, when the Earls of Kent and Salisbury entred Windsor Castle with four hundred Men, with a Resolution to have seized upon the King.  
The two Lords having thus missed their Prey, Marched away to Wallingford, thence to Abington, and so to Circester, giving out as they went, That King Richard was at Liberty, and at Pontfract, at the Head of a hundred thousand Men. But this Report not taking with the People, they suborned one Maunden, who had b●en one of Richards Chaplains, very like him in Features and Complexion, to take upon him the person of the King.  
But the Event was not answerable to the Project; for the Townsm●n of Cicest●r fell upon the two Earls with that Vigour, That they took 'em both Prisoners; and seeing their Town on Fire, which was procured by some of the Lords Followers, the better to rescue them again, while the people were busied in the quenching the Flames, they immediately haled their Noble Prisoners forth, and without more delay, according to the Method of Popular Justice, severed their Heads from their Bodies. The Earl of huntingdon was Apprehended in Essex, and Beheaded at Pleshie, at the Instigation of the Widow of the late Duke of gloucester, put to Death at Callis by Richard. The Lord Spencer had the like Execution done upon him at Bristol: and Maunden the Counterfeit Richard, was Drawn, hanged, and Headed; there being no less then Nineteen in all that were put to Death for this Conspiracy, only the Bishop of Carlisle was preserved alive by the Kings Clemency after Sentence of Condemnation. So far was Heaven from being propitious to Subjects in their Officious intermeddling with the Rights of crwoned Princes, who when once they come to be anointed, are the Sacred Wards and Pupils of God himself. Nor would God permit those rash attempers against their Reigning Monarch to regain, what their former Prince had been forced to lose and resign, through their unfaithful Conduct of his Prosperiy.  
Several other Conspiracies there were of Persons of meaner Rank, which being Discovered( as all Cland●stine Tr●acheries generally are) the first that fell under the Kings Justice was a Priest of Ware, who was Drawn and hanged; the same fate befell Walter Baldock Prior of Lawnd. A friar Minorite was likewise for concealment hanged in his friars Weeds; and not long after eight Franciscans for the same Confederacy ended their Days by the hand of the Common Executioner: as also did Sir Roger Clar nden, Reputed to be the Natural Son of the Black Prince. For the King being endangered in the Main, resolved to spare none upon whom the Crime or Concealment was found.  
But if these had any pretence or colour while deposed Richard was yet alive, yet the Fiery Hotspur, the Earl of Northumberland's Son, and the Earl of Worcester his Fathers Brother after Richard's Decease, could allege no excuse for those fatal Animosities which Armed them against their Sovereign, to both their Confusions.  
However, the colourable causes of their taking arms, were the usual Paintings and Flourishes that set off such Attempts, the great care of the Common-wealths Reformation, and their own safety. But the Kernel of their Design was, to thrust Henry out of his Seat, and deprive him of his Life, and then to advance the Title of Mortimer, Earl of March, their nearest Kins-man. To this purpose, Pierce, Mortimer, and own Glendour of Wales, having entred into a Triple Confederacy, and divided England and Wales between them, Young Hotspur first makes Head about Chester and the Marches, to whom with the privity of his Father, repaired the Old Earl of Worcester, leaving the Government of the Young Prince and his household, over which the King had placed him.  
On the other side the Kings Armies with all speed, and with the Prince his Son, Guarded by a considerable Force, advances towards Shrewsbury, before which Town Hotspur was sat down, and just ready to give the Assault; when the Royal Standard b●ing Discovered, he was forced to draw off from that enterprise, so that now he thought of nothing more then to Embattle his Army, consisting of fourteen thousand strong and hardy Blades, to try the Fortune of War against an approved soldier.  
Nevertheless Peace was offered and had ensued, but that the mischievous Earl of Worcester, by misreporting and falsifying his Sovereigns words, precipated his Nephew into sudden Battle.  
The Kings Courage was not small in the Fight, as neither was the Danger: The Young Prince of Wales being Wounded with an Arrow in the Face, the Lord Piercy, and Earl Douglass, then whom it is said, That the wide World had not two greater Champions, instead of spending themselves upon the Multitude, bent all their fierceness upon the King, in whose Person they were sure ten thousand fell. With this Resolution they most furiously rushed forward with their Spears and Swords, but the Earl of Dunbar discovering their purpose, drew the King from the place which he had designed to make good, and thereby in likelihood saved his Life; for the Standard was overthrown, the Standard Bearer slain, and ten other Knights Fighting to defend the Standard, all mortally Wounded: besides that, Douglass with his own hand slay three that day that were severally in the Kings Coat-Armour, so that many thought that the King had been killed, and ran out of the Field.  
Thus lasted a most obstinate and bloody Contest between a Sovereign and his Rebellious Subjects for above three hours, till at length Hotspur still Riding in the Head of the Battle in contempt of Death and Danger met with his match, and was slain by an unknown hand, with whose fall the Courages of all the rest fell into their Feet, of which they made the speediest use they could to save themselves.  
Rebellion and Disloyalty thus vanquished in the Field, and Treason having by Providence lost her chief support, the Earl of Worcester, Sir Richard Vernan, and the Baron of Kinderton, three of the most eminent Rebels, had their Heads chopped off the next day but one after the Battle; And as for the Earl of Northumberland, though his Life was pardonned, yet his Revenues were Confiscated, and himself reduced to a Pension of Necessary Maintenance, which( however) the King, when he had sufficiently humbled him, out of a particular favour and compassion toward him, restored him afterwards in Parliament, all which nevertheless did not save his Head at the long run.  
No sooner was this Rebellion thus appeased, but Tho. Mowbray, E. Marshal, disliking it seems the Carriage of public matters, draws R●chard le scroop Arch-bishop of York into a new Conspiracy, in full hope that the Erl of Northumberland, the Lord B●rdolph, the Citizens of York and the common People would assist their Cause, which was glossed with the usual specious pretence of redressing public abuses. The Earl of Westmoreland hearing of this Attempt, gathers a force together to encounter 'em, but perceiving himself too feeble, he betakes himself to stratagem, and by feigning to Embrace the Quarrel got both the Ring-leaders into his own Power, and presented them as an acceptable Oblation to the King, who Sacrificed the traitorous Heads both of the Earl and the Arch-bishop, to his just Anger. Which done, the King pursued the Earl of Northumberland, who notwithstanding all his late favours was relapsed again into his former Disloyalty, and the Lord Bardolph, and forced them both to take sanctuary in Scotland, with the loss of his Castles and manors, which the King seized a second time into his own Hands. The said Earl and Lord, not long after endeavouring to raise new stirs in the North of England, were encountered by the Sheriff of Yorkshire, at what time the Earl was slain out right, and the Lord Bardolph mortally wounded. The Head of the Earl was chopped from his dead Body, and being ignominiously carried through the City of London, was fixed upon London Bridge, so difficult a thing it is for Traytors to be assured of rest and quiet in their Graves.   

HENRY V.  
This Warlike and Renowned Prince found so much Employment abroad for the Active Spirits of his Fiery Nobles, that open Rebellion had no leisure to set on foot the intrigues of Disloyal Contrivance, only the Reign of this most virtuous Prince affords one Remarkable Example of Divine Justice, upon the most detestable and inhuman Machinations against a sovereign Princes so little deserving such ill usage, that ever could harbour in the breast of Men pretending to Honour and High Birth. For the King of France having tried all ways to divert the Storm that threatened his Dominions from the English Invasion, and every way frustrated in his Expectations, at length sent over a Million of Gold to the Earl of Camb●idge, the Lord Scroop and Grey, all three at that time in special favour with the King, either to betray Henry into his Hands, or to Murder him before he could arrive in Normandy. These persons unworthily tempted with such a Golden bait, to make their Faction the stronger, though Scroop was Lord Treasurer, Grey a Privy counsellor, and Cambridg Son of edmond Duke of York, meant to draw in edmond Earl of March, the Heir to Lionel D. of Clarence, and the next in Succession of the House of York, and revealing to him their intended purposed, enforced him to swear to their secrecy, which if he refused they threatened his Death; whereupon the Duke required but an hours Respite which being with great difficulty granted, he went to the King and revealed the Conspiracy but the Night before the Day that the King intended to put to Sea.  
Upon which the Parties being apprehended and brought before the King, in the presence of many of the Nobility, the Magnanimous Henry thus spake. With what Horror O Lord, may any true English Heart consider, that you for pleasing of a foreign Enemy, should imbrue your Hands in our Blood, as also in the Blood of our Brethren to the ruin of your Native Soil! Revenge herein though I seek not, yet for the safeguard of you my dear Friends, and for the Preservation of the Realm, I am by Place and Office to Minister a remedy against these Offencers. Then addressing himself to the three Traytors, Get ye hence therefore, said He, Miserable Wretches, and receive the just reward of your Deserts, wherein God give you Repentance for your so foul Crimes.  
After which they were all three upon a legal trial and Conviction, beheaded at Southampton, to their Eternal Infamy.   

HENRY VI.  
Truly might this Prince be called a Prince of Peace, had not the Title which he held, requiring severily and Prowess, not Meekness and Devotion, to defend it, involved him in the most ru●nous Wars that ever afflicted England; for now the House of York resuming fresh hopes from the weakness of a Young, Gentle and religious sovereign, lays the Foundations of bloody Designs and dismal Tragedies, nor was it the meanest of their Projects to sow the Seeds of Disloyalty and Dis bedience among the People, who were to be the Instruments and Tools for the Master Workmen to make use of. For the heat of Faction, as the preternatural and sultry heats of Summer, engender infectious Animals and infects to fill the Air with their Contagion, produces those popular Tumults, that no less molest the quiet State of Kingdoms; and this Factious H●at it was that begot that pestiferous Insurrection in this Kings Reign, under the Insolent and hare-brained Conduct, if I may so call it of Cade and his followers, so pernicious to the Common-weal, though more ruinous to the Authors.  
Hence it came to pass, that the Commons of Kent, cherished and emboldened by persons of high Quality and Contrivance, took Arms against their sovereign. They were headed by one Jack Cade, who had been Servant to Sir Thomas Dacre a Sussex Gentleman: But having killed a Woman with Child, he was forced to abjure the Land, and to turn French, to whom he swore Service. But now returning, he is the Instrument to hang out Mortimers Name, like a displayed Ensign, to draw a party, feigning to be Cousin to the Duke of York: This Cade, whom others call John Mendal, or rather John Merral, having drawn great Numbers to follow him, encamped at Black-Heath, and in his Writings called himself the Captain of Kent. His pretences, like those of all Disloyal Actions were the common good, with others of the same alluring strain. But his particular demands were;  
1. That Richard Duke of York should be sent for out of Ireland, and with others, whose Names were only set down for Stales and Colour, be principally used in Council.  
2. That the Authors of the Duke of Glocesters death might be brought to Condign Punishment.  
Thus traitorously to the Kings Welfare, and scandalously to the Kings gentle Government did this arrogant traitor pretend to writ to his sovereign. The King moved with the indignity and Danger of these bravely advances with an Army toward the Rebels, upon which their Captain retires with his Rabble to Sennock in the same County; the King supposing he had fled, sends after him Sir humphrey Stafford with some forces: But Cade made a bold halt at Sennock, and after a long fight slay Sir humphrey with several others, and then armed himself in the slain Knights habil●ments, and wore his guilt Spurs. The King and Queen having Intelligence of this Misfortune, leave the Tower of London in the Custody of the Lord Scales, and one Matthew Gough a famous soldier, and the City to the Fidelity of the Lord Mayor, departing themselves for Kenelworth. However the Head-long Vulgar of London favouring the Rebels, gave them Entrance within the Walls, where the arch-traitor took upon him to fine one of the Aldermen five Hundred Marks, for proposing to make resistance. At the same time also the Essex Men were encamped upon Mile-end Green, equally involved in the same Disloyalty.  
Cade thus admitted into the City, as he marched through Canon-street struck his hand upon London-Stone, crying out, Now is Mortimer Lord of this City. And then proceeding to act the Tyrants Part, sends for the Lord Say, Treasurer of England, Committed to the Tower by the King, a little before his departure, at the Instigation of his worst Adviser, and caused that Noble Gentleman to be Beheaded in Cheap-side, and his Body to be cut into Quarters; by which loss of so trusty and grave a Person, the King's Party was not a little weakened.  
The next Tragedy was Crom●re's, the High Sheriff of Kent, and Son in-Law to the said Lady, who was dragged out of the Fleet, and had his Head Sacrificed upon Mile-end-Green, to atone the Essex Rebells, without any trial or Ceremony of Law. The mayor, and wiser wealthy Citizens, over-ruled by Faction till then, grow now apprehensive of their danger, and secretly sand to the Lord Scales for aid, who sends Matthew Gough to their assistance; upon which the Kentish Men ran furiously to their arms, seeing their entrance into the City was barred, for they used every Night to retreat into Southwark, where their Captain had taken up his head Quarters. Cade therefore endeavours to open his passage by force, but in spite of all his power, the Citizens made good the Bridge against him, though w●th the loss of Gough himself, and several others.  
At length to put a quick-end to their miseries, Impunity is proclaimed for all of Offenders, and sent to the Rebels in the King's Name by the Arch-bishop of Canterbury, Lord-Chancellor under the Great-Seal of England; upon which assurance of their safeties the Rebels disperse, and leave their Pestilent impostor in the suds. It was time then for Cade to seek for shelter; but upon a sum of Money set upon his Head for any one that should kill or take the Counterfeit Mortimer, he was at length discovered, and slain by one Alexander Eden, a Gentleman of Kent. After which, his carcase was brought up to London, where he had the Honour to have his Head set Sentinel upon London-bridge, and his Quarters advanced in several parts of the County, where he was laying the Sandy Foundations of his vainly fancied future Grandeur. Some six and twenty more also fell by the stroke of Justice for a terror to the rest, who now Conscious of their Crimes, where they had revel'd in Disloyalty before, came to Black Heath in their Shirts, to implore the King's mercy: who satisfied with the punishment of the Ringleaders, was easily induced to pardon the submissive.  
Nor may it be omitted, That the Duke of Buskingham, by whose popular sway in the Nation, Richard the Third advanced himself to the Crown, by shedding the Blood of so many Innocent Peers, and the Murder of the Lawful Heirs, at all which violent Proceedings the Duke most traitorously connived, was the first who revolting from Richard, after he was become his Sovereign, who being himself betrayed by his own Servant, whose Fortunes he had particularly raised, that fell a Sacrifice to Richard's revenge for confederating with the Bishop of Ely and others, to restore the Lancastrian Line, being Beheaded without any Legal Proceedings or Form of Justice.   

HENRY VII.  
Henry the Seventh, as a Prince that had been victorious in Battle, and at the beginning of his Reign had prevailed with the Parliament in what ever he desired, and had the ring of the Peoples acclamation still in his Ears, thought the rest of his Reign would have been but a Play, and the mere enjoying of a Kingdom. But he did much overcast his Fortunes, which for many years together proved full of broken Seas and Tempests. For e're he was hardly warm in his Government, as he was taking a Progress to visit and settle the North parts of England, he was no sooner arrived at Lincoln, but he received Intelligence that the Lord Lovel and the two Staffords were escaped out of Sanctuary, no body could tell whether; which Advertisement the King at first despised and continued his Journey to York, but when he was come thither; he received fresh News that Lovel was at Hand with a great Power of Men, and that the Staffords were in Arms in Worcestershire, and were preparing to Assail the City of Wo●cester itself. Upon this the King fiends a force of three Thous nd Men, under the Conduct of the D. of Bedford, against the Chief Rebel the Lord Lovel, giving Commission however to the Duke, to Proclaim his pardon to all that would come in, which fell out as the King Expected. For upon the Proclamation of Pardon, the Lord Lovel mistrusting his own followers fled away into Lancashire, and from thence into Flanders to the Lady Margaret.  
The two Staffords and their forces hearing what had happened to the Lord Lovel, despaired and dispersed: But being both taken out of Sanctuary, which was then thought to be no sufficient Refuge for Rebels, the Elder Brother was Executed at Tyburn, and the Younger Brother as being seduced by the Elder Brother received his Pardon. And this was the disastrous Event of the first Rebellion happening in this Kings Reign; which might have been a sufficient warning to others, but that Rebellion is a Monster that has neither Eyes nor Ears.  
In his second year was acted that famous Farce of Lambert Simnel, which cost him a second Push for his Royal Diadem, before he could pull the Idol down.  
This Lambert Simnel was a Bakers Son of the Age of fifteen Years, a well Favoured and Beautiful Youth, and one who had something of extraordinary Dignity and Grace, fullness of Aspect in his Countenance. This youth living in Oxford, under the tuition of Richard Simon a subtle Priest, it came into the Priest's mind, hearing what Men talked abroad, to cause this Lad to counterfeit and Personate the second Son of Edward the fourth, supposed to be murdered in the Tower; but afterwards changed his mind, to take upon him the Person of the Lord Edward Plantagen●t then Prisoner in the Tower, with great Pains and Industry instructed him in the part which he was to Act.  
But because he doubted there would be too near looking, and too near a prospective into his disguise, if he should display his Counterfeit in England, he thought it more convenient at a distance, and therefore sailed with his Scholar into Ireland, where the affection to the House of York was most in Height.  
Simons first Address was to the Lord Fitz Gerard, Earl of Kildare and Deputy of Ireland, before whose Eyes he cast such a Mist, by force of his own Insinuation and the Carriage of his Pupil, who expressed a perfect natural Princely behaviour, as left him fully possessed that it was the true Plantagenet. The Earl presently communicated the matter with some of the Nobles and others at first secretly, but finding them equally affencted with himself, he suffered the business to take Air and vent itself abroad, on purpose to taste the Inclinations of the People, who if the great ones were in a forwardness, were themselves all in a fury, entertaining this same Airy Phantosme with an Incredible Observance; so that with marvelous Consent and Applause this Counterfeit Plantagenet was brought with great Solemnity to the Castle of Dublin, and there saluted, serened and honoured as a King, all Allegiance to King Henry being laid aside: And within a few days after, he was proclaimed King in Dublin, by the Name of Edward the sixth, there being not so much as a Sword all this while drawn in King Henry's Quarrel.  
Upon this the King summons his Counsel together, and upon Mature deliberation, suspecting upon what Hinges the Plot moved, thrusts the Queen Dowager Edward the fourth's Widow into the Nunnery of Berdmonsey, and seizes all her Lands and Goods, orders Edward Plantagenet then a close Prisoner in the Tower, to be shown to the People in the most notorious and public manner that could be devised; and sets forth a Proclamation of general Pardon, to all that would reveal their Off●nces and submit by a day, all which Results of the council were duly Executed.  
In the mean while the Rebels in Ireland were not idle, but had sent private Messengers both into England and Flanders; who in both places had wrought effects of no small Importance. For in England they won to their party the Earl of Lincoln, a person of great wit and courage, who was induced to participate with the Action of Ireland, not upon the strength of the Proceedings there, which he looked upon but as a Bubble, and as knowing the pretended Plantagenet to be but an Idol: But upon Letters from the duchess of Burgundy, upon whose succours and Foundation for the enterprise there seemed to be a more solid Foundation: With which resolution he sailed secretly into Flanders, where he met the Lord Lovel, having left a Correspondence in England with Sir Tho. Broughton, a man of great Power and Dependencies in Lancashire. Thereupon it was concluded that the two Lords Assisted with a Regiment of 2000 Almains, under the Command of Martin Swart an old experienced Captain, should pass over into Ireland to the new upstart King. After these two Lords were arrived in Ireland, the party taking Courage, as seeing themselves in a Body first for a Bravery crwoned their Mushroom Prince in the Cathedral Church of Dublin, and then calling a Council, it was resolved with all speed to transport their forces into England.  
Not long after the Rebels with their King under the leading of the Earl of Lincoln, the Lord Lovel, the Earl of Kildare and colonel Swart landed at Fouldrey in Lancashire, whither repaired to them Sir Tho. Broughton with some few Companies of English.  
Upon this the King marches as far as Coventry, and from thence sent forth some Troops of light Horsemen for discovery, and to intercept some stragglers for the gaining of Intelligence.  
But the Rebels took their way to Y●rk without spoiling the Country, or committing the least Act of Hostility, the better to put themselves into the favour of the People, and personate their King as being one that was sparing and compassionate toward his Subjects. But the Snowbal did not gather as was expected; so that the Earl of Lincoln deceived of his hopes of the Countries Concords to him, and seeing the business past recalling, resolved to make on where the King was, and to give him battle, and thereupon marched toward Newark, thinking to have surprised the Town: But the King being reinforced with a supply of six Thousand Men, brought him by the Earl of Shrewsbury and the Lord Strange, put himself between the Enemies Camp and Newark. The Earl nothing dismayed came forward to a little Village called Stoke, and there encamped that night upon the Brow of a Hill. The next day the King presented him Battle upon the Plain; Nor did the Rebellious Earl refuse him, but coming down, joined Battle with him: The fight was fierce and obstinate for three hours; but at length the Victory fell to the King, to whom of right it belonged. The Chieftains of the Rebels, the Earl of Lincoln, the Lord Lovel, the Earl of Kildare, Sir Thomas Broughton and Swart were all slain: The Young Counterfeit Plantagenet, now Lambert Simnel again with his Crafty Tutor were all taken Prisoners, so that the King was now absolute Master of the whole Rebellion. As for Lambert Simnel he was preferred from wearing a Counterfeit Crown to be a turn-broach in the Kings kitchen: and his Tutor being committed a close Prisoner, was never heard of more. All the Adherents and Abettors of these Rebels were strictly inquired after, and some punished by Death, others by Fines and ransoms, which though it spared Death, reduced the unwary partakers to want and poverty, far worse then Death.  
Not long after the Parliament having given the King a considerable Subsidy, when it came to be levied in the Counties of Yorkshire and Durham, the People upon a sudden grew into a great Mutiny, openly Declaring, That they neither would nor could pay the Subsidy. Of this the Earl of Northumberland wrote to the King, praying his Directions. The King wrote peremptorily back, That he would not endure the base Multitude should frustrate the Authority of Parliament, wherein their Votes and Consents were concluded. This message being made known did so incense the Multitude, that immediately routing together, they assailed the Earl of Northumberland in his own House, with several of his Servants; And then Creating for their Leader one Sir John Egremomd a Factious Person, and withal animated by a base Fellow, called John a Chamber, a very mere Incendiary, who therefore bare a great sway among the Imp●ruous Vulgar, they broke forth into open Rebellion, and gave out in flat terms, That they would March against the King, and Fight with him for the maintenance of their Liberty.  
Against these the King sent the Earl of Surrey with a Competent Power, who fought and defeated the Rebels, and took their F●re-brand, John a Chamber, alive; whose Glorious Reward for taking arms against his Prince was, to be Executed at York in great State: For he was hanged upon a Gibbet raised a Stage higher, in the middle of a Square Gallows, as a traitor Paramount; while a certain number of Men that were his chief complices, were hanged up●n the lower Story round about him.  
Upon the like Occasion, that is upon disgust taken for a Subsidy that was about to be levied in Cornwall, the People of that County likewise began to Mutiny and murmur, Crying out, That it was for them to pay that had too much, and lived Idly, but as for themselves, they would eat the Bread which they got with th sweat of their Brows, and no body should take it from them. Being thus in a ferment, they lighted upon two Ringlead●rs suitable to their Humour, the one a Black-smith, or Farrier of Bodmyn, by the Name of Michael Joseph, a notable talking Fellow, and no less desirous to be talked of. The Name of the other was Thomas Flammock, a Petty-fogger, who bare a great sway among the Rabble. These two failed not to fill the Ears of the People with their Rebellious Notions, so that at their Seditious Instigations, the Multitude presently armed themselves with Bows and Bills, and such other Weapons as their Habitations afforded; and forthwith under the Command of their Leader, took their March out of Cornwall through Devon-shire to Taunton, without any slaughter or violence offered. From Taunton they Marched to Wells, where the Lord Audley, with whom their Leaders before had held some secret Intelligence, a Noble-man of an ancient Family, but unquiet and popular, and aspiring to his ruin, came into them, and was accepted by them with great joy and gladness as their General, now proud that they were lead by a Noble-man.  
The Lord Audley lead them from Wells to Salisbury, thence the silly people not heeding their Leaders, would needs be Conducted into Kent, fancying that they should receive great assistance from the People of that Country; But the County was so well settled, that neither Gentleman nor Yeoman came into their aid, which so much dismayed many of the simplo sort, that several deserted their Rebellious Leaders, and in good ti●● returned home: but those that were engaged stood by it, and rather grew proud, then failed in Hopes and Courage. Wherefore they kept on their way, and encamped upon Black Heath, between Greenwitch and El●ham, threatening to bid Battle to the King, and to take land n within his view, imagining with themselves there to find no less fear, then wealth.  
While the Rebels were thus encamped upon the Hill from whence they might behold London, and the fair Valley about it, the King, having a powerful force about him, the better to master all events and accidents, divided them into three Parts, of which he Commanded one Part to put themselves beyond the Hill where the Rebels lay encamped, and to be-set all the deserts and skirts of it, except those that lay toward London, to the end he might have the Wild Bears as it were in a toil. The second part he assigned to the Lord Chamberlain, who was appointed to assail the Rebels in Front, from that side next toward the City. The third part he retained about himself, upon all events to restore the Fight, or Consummate the Victory, encamping himself to that purpose in St. George's Fields, and putting his forces between the Rebels and the City.  
Upon Saturday the 22d. of June, the Lord d' Aubigny marched toward the Rebels, and first beat some of their Troops from Deptford Bridge, where they fought manfully, and then charged their main Body with so much fury, that he had by his inconsiderate forwardness almost called into Dispute the Fortune of the Day; for Fighting in the Head of his Troops he was taken Prisoner by the Rebels, but immediately rescued and delivered. The Rebels maintained the Fight for a small time, and for their persons shew'd no want of Courage; but being ill-arm'd and ill-led, without Horse and Artillery, they were with no great difficulty cut to pieces, and put to flight: And for their three Leaders, as commonly the Captains of Commotions are but half-Courag'd Men, they suffered themselves to be taken.  
And now follow the Rewards of their Disloyalty. The Lord Audley was lead from Newgate to Tower-hill, in a Paper Coat, Painted with his own arms reversed, and there Beheaded. Flammock and the Black-smith were hanged, Drawn, and quartered, at Tyburn.  
But now comes Perkin Warbeck upon the Stage, a Youth of Time, Favour, and Shape, and one that had such a crafty and bewitching manner; both to move pity, and induce belief, as was like a kind of Fascination or enchantment to those that saw or heard him. Besides that, King Edward the Fourth had done his Father a Converted Jew the Honour to be his Godfather.  
This Youth the Lady Margaret finding for her turn kept by her a great while, with great secrecy, and instructed him by many Cabinet Conferences, how to act his part. When she thought him perfect in his Lesson, she sent him into Ireland, where he took upon him the Person of the Duke of York, and drew to himself complices and Partakers by all the ways he could device, insomuch that he wrote Letters to the Earls of Desmond and Kildare, to come to his aid.  
When he was in Ireland, the King of France ready to embrace all advantages against the King of England, and instigated by several English Fugitives then in his Court, and already prepared by the duchess of Burgundy, sent over to Perkin two English renegadoes in the Nature of ambassadors, to advertise the upstart of his good Inclinations toward him, and that he was resolved to aid h●m to recover his Right against Henry the Usurper of England, and Enemy of France.  
Upon this Perkin sailed over into France, where the King received him with great Honour, styled him by the Name of the Duke of York, lodged and accommodated him in great State, and assigned him a Guard for his Person. Thither also several English malcontents of Quality repaired to him, as Sir George Nevil, and about a Hundred more.  
But this being only a trick on the French King's part to bow King H●nry to Peace; no sooner was the Treaty entred into, but Perkin was warned and dismissed out of France, from whence he again retires to the Lady Margaret into Flanders, who received him as one that she had never seen in her Life before. At first she pretended to sift him whether he were the very Duke of York or no? but then seeming at last to be fatisfyed, she did him all Princely Honour, called him The White R●se of England, and appointed a Guard of 30 Halbuteers, to attend his Person.  
These Reports took hold of divers, in some upon Discontent, in some upon Ambition, in some upon Levity and Desire of Change. Nor was it long before these Rumours of Novelty had begotten others of Scandal and Murmur against the King, and his Government, taxing him with severe Impositions upon the People, and Discountenancing his Nobility. At length all these ill-humours gathering to a head, settled in several eminent persons, as the Lord Stanley, the Lord Fitz Walter, Sir Simon Montford, Sir Thomas Thwaites, and others, though none engaged openly but Sir Robert Clifford, and Mr. Barley, who were sent into Flanders from the rest of the Conspirators, to understand the truth of Things. The Person of Clifford was extremely welcome to the Lady Margaret, and he being admitted to the sight of Perkin, wrote over into England that he knew the Person of Richard Duke of York as well as he knew his own, and that this Young-man was undoubtedly He. By which means all things grew to be prepared for Revolt and Sedition in England, and the Conspirators came to have Correspondeney between England and Flanders.  
The King on the other side not asleep, resolves to work by Countermine, and to that purpose of the four Persons employed by Richard in the Murder of his Nephews, causes the Examinations of two that were still alive to be taken a new and Printed, who attested the Murder to be absolutely done as is recited in Story. Then he employed several of his Friends to insinuate themselves into the Familiarity of the Party in Flanders, and so to learn what Associates and Correspondents they had in England, and how far every one was engaged; but above all if they could, to regain Sir Robert Clifford to his side, who knew the most inward of their secrets.  
These Espialls plied their Charge so roundly, that Sir Robert was won to be assured of the King, and to be industrious and officious in his Service, so that the King was well informed of all the particular Correspondents in England; insomuch, that upon Clifford's Discovery, the Lord Fitz Water, the Lord Hastings, Sir Simon Montfort, Ratcliff and Dawbeney were all Arra●gn'd, condemned, and Beheaded. And this was the first act of Warbecks Rebellious Tragedy.  
However Perkin encouraged to proceed, resolved to try his Fortune in some attempt upon England, and to that purpose having got together a considerable force of all sorts of Nations, Bankrupts, Felons, and such others as lived by spoil and rapine, puts to Sea, and shows himself upon the cost of Kent, about Sandwich and Deal, where some few of his People Landed; but not being followed by any English of Account, but by a sort of Free-booters, fiter to spoil and ransack, then recover a Kingdom. No body stirred in his behalf, only some forces were directed to show themselves upon the cost, and by Signs to entice Perkin's Souldiers to Land, as if they would join with him; but Perkin not liking their Countenances would not stir a foot. Thereupon they fell upon those that were Landed already, and took of them about a hundred and fifty Prisoners, who for their welcome into England, were every one hanged, being first brought to London, railed in Ropes together like H rses in a Team.  
Upon this Perkin Sails into Ireland, but finding there nothing but the blustering affection of a wild and naked People, his Council advised him to seek aid of the King of Scotland; By him he was received in State in his Chamber of presence, and entertained in all things as became the Person of the Duke of York, and was by him allowed to mary his near Kins-woman, a Young Virgin of excellent Beauty and virtue. And so far did the King of Scots espouse his Quarrel, that he entered England with an Army: but seeing none came in to Perkin, nor that any stirred in any other parts in his favour, he only wasted Northumberland, and return'd laden with Booty.  
So that at length, though he was in his own Opinion persuaded that he was a Counterfeit, ye● in regard he had taken him into his protection, he dismissed him Honourably with shipping, and means, to Transport himself where he thought most for his advantage; so that he return'd a third time into Ireland.  
While he was there the Cornishmen, though so lately and so generously pardoned by their justly incensed Prince, being returned home, were still in a heat, and not having yet laid down their disloyal Animosities, but hatching new Rebellions, thought Perkin a fit Person to head their traitorous Attempts, and to that purpose found means to sand to him, to let him know that if he would come over to them, they would serve Him.  
Thereupon his Chief Councellors Hern a Mercer, Skelton a tailor, and Astley a Scrivener, advice him to take opportunity by the Forelock; upon which incitement, with about six score fighting Men, he put to Sea, Lands at Whitston Bay, and marched directly to Bodmin, where there assembled to him, to the number of 3000 of the ruder sort of People. There he set forth a new Declaration stroking the people with fair promises, and humouring them with invectives against the King and his Government, and then took upon himself the Title of R●chard the fourth King of England. After which he marched forward and besieged the City of Exeter; upon which he made a fierce Assault, but was driven from the Walls with great loss.  
Thereupon hearing of great Forces that were coming against him, he raised his siege, being at that time seven Thousand strong, and encouraged with the Oaths and Vows of the Rebels not to leave Him, till the uttermost drop of their Blood was spilled: When he was come near Taunton, the new King dissembling his fears seemed all the day to prepare for a Fight; but in the still Midnight, with about threescore Horse he fled to Bewley in the New forest, where he and his followers registered themselves for Sanctuary Men, leaving his Cornish Assistants to shift or combat for themselves; who being destitute of their Head, without a stroke strucken, submitted all to the Kings Mercy, who were all a second time pardonned by the King, except some of the most desperate and notorious Persons, whom the King reserved for the stroke of Justice. Perkin being taken out of Sanctuary, was shewed for a public Maygame through the City, and then committed to custody; after which, having deceived his Keepers, he made his escape to the Sea cost; but being brought back again, was set fettered in the Stocks for whole days together upon a Scaffold, in the Palace Yard at Westminster, Ch apside and other Places, and then laid up in the Tower, from whence, for endeavouring to procure his own, and the escape of George Plantaget, by murdering the Lieutenant of the Tower, he was at length tried by a Commission of Oyer and Terminer, and hanged at Tyburn. And this was the end of this Cockatrice of a King, whose continual slurs of Fortune plainly shewed the difference between Real and Counterfeit Majesty.   

HENRY VIII.  
Henry the Eight, after the Dissolution of the Abbeys, having made some slender Reformations, and particularly given way, that the Creed, the ten Commandments, and the Lords Prayer might be red in English, which was also Enacted by Parliament, the Commons discontented that their Mumblings must down, and the Monks sore troubled to mingle English in their Masses, the Lincolnsh re men began a Commotion under Duke Mackarel, a Monk who name himself Captain cobbler, and his followers were swelled near to the number of twenty Thousand. Against these the King prepared in Person, sending forth into several Counties, to charge them with a Levy of so many well appointed Souldiers to meet him at Ampthil; which being known to the Rebels, they were so bold as to sand to the King several Articles subscribed with many of their Hands, demanding the Restitution of Abbeys, the removal of cromwell and Sir Richard Rich, Chancellor of the Augmentations, and several of the Bishops. But these Rebels seeing the Kings Forces grow upon 'em, were soon dissipated by the mere Breach of a General Pardon, so that they submitted themselves to the Kings Mercy, after a vain Breath of their Allegiance.  
Yet did not their ill success daunt the Northern Commoners, who threatened a severer Storm: For in Yorkshire there Assembled no less then forty Thousand rustics well furnished with Horse, armor, artillery and other War-like Habiliments, threatening to set the stay of the State upon their Giddy Inventions; their pretence was Religion and the Defence of the Holy Church. Their Banners Painted with the four Wounds of Christ, the chalice and the Cakes, and upon their Sleevs was writ the Name of the Lord; and so fervent were they in their Proceedings, that this attempt of theirs must be called the Holy Pilgrimage: Nor were the Boores and Swains only involved in this Insurrection, but others of Place and Degree, as the Archbishop of York, the Lord Darcy, the Lord Lumley, with several Knights and bailiffs of Corporations, but their Captain General was one Robert ask a mean Gentleman, to whom one Rudstone was Associate in the Field: Other Commanders they had out of the Common Rabble, of whom the Chief was one James Diamond General of the Foot, a poor Fisherman who styled himself the Earl of Poverty.  
These set forth a Declaration, subscribed to all Lords, Knights, Masters and Friends, wherein they declared their Intentions to Fight against all that should oppose them in their Pilgrimage for the Punishment of heretics and Lawyers.  
And so terrible and haughty was their Captain Ask, that when Lancaster Herald was sent to declare the Kings Message to them at Pomfrait Castle, which the Rebels had got by surrender from the Lord Darcy, he so blustered out his Answers, that the poor spirited Fellow excusing himself to be but a Messenger, fell before him on his Knees: These Rebels also sent forth their Mandates for the Country to come into their Assistance, under penalty of pulling down their Houses, losing their Goods, and their Persons to be at the Captains disposal.  
Against these the King sent the Duke of Norfolk, accompanied with Marquis of Exeter, the Earls of huntingdon and Rutland, who joining their Forces together, made toward the Rebels then lying near Doncaster, in whose sight they immediately set up their Tents, resolving the next day to give them Battle. But in the Night time such Floods of Water fell, that the River Don overflowed its Banks, so that there was no passage over the Bridge, Thereupon the Lord General offered the Rebels a Parley, which being with much ado accepted, at length this Meteor of an Infurrection was also dissolved by the warm rays of the Kings Pardon, and the Multitude melted away like Hail in Spring; but Heaven determining to bring these boisterous Rebels to a more remarkable Punishment, neither could this gentleness of the King reclaim their tumultuous Rage, so that after they had taken a little breath, a new Insurrection was set on Foot in the same Places, and by the same Persons, Dacres, Ash, Sir Robert Constable, Sir Francis Bigot, Dulmer, Peircy, Tempest, Hamilton and Lumley, who being taken in this last attempt, were all put to Death, as well they deserved. In which Executions they were accompanied by four Abbots, three Monks, two Priors, one person and five Priests, together with Captain cobbler their General, who were all hanged at the same time for Treason.   

EDWARD VI.  
In this Young Princes reign the Commons grew very mutinous, some murmuring at the enclosing of Lands, some at the change of Religion, so that they rose almost at one and the same time, in Oxfordshire, D●vonshire, Norfolk and Yorkshire.  
Those in Oxfordshire were soon dissipated by a force of one Thousand five Hundred Men lead against them by the Lord Grey, and their Chief Leaders taken and hanged by marshal Law.  
But in Devonshire the Insurrection grew to be better formed, set on by many of the old discarded Priests, who ran in among them. They grew in a short time to be ten Thousand strong, against whom the Lord Russel was sent with a small force to stop their Proceedings; Who remembering how the Duke of Norsolk had broken a formidable Rebellion in the North, with a small Army, kept at a distance, hoping that time would Weaken and Disunite these Rebels; but his delays gave them Advantage and Strength. who were now lead by some Gentlemen, of whom Arundel of cornwall was Chief.  
Thereupon they sent to the King for the redress of their grievances; in Answer to which the King required their Obedience and Submission to his Royal Authority, as others had done; to whom for so doing he had already not only shewed Mercy, but granted redress of their just grievances, otherwise that they were to expect the utmost severity that Traytors deserved.  
But nothing prevailed upon this enraged Multitude, whom the Priests inflamed withal the Artifice Imaginable.  
In this heat they marched forward and besieged Exeter, where the Citizens resisted them with great Courage and Resolution; so that the Rebels finding they could do nothing by force, resolved to lye about the Town, and starve it to a surrender.  
At first the Lord Russel finding himself too weak, retired to Hamilton, but perceiving they had taken a Bridge behind him, he was forced to an encounter, wherein he slay six Hundred of the Rebels without any loss, By which he understood their Courages were Mortal, and that they could not stand a brisk Charge, nor rally again when disordered, so that having received a recuite of Men, he return'd to raise the siege of Exeter, where the Citizens were by that time reduced to eat their Horses; but they resolved to suffer any great extremity, rather then to fall into the hands of these Savages: while they lay before the Town, the Rebels had blocked up all the ways, and had left two Thousand men to keep a Bridge which the Kings forces were to pass; but the Lord Russel broke through 'em, and killed above a Thousand upon the place; upon which the Rebels raised their siege, and retired with ignominy to Lanceston. The Lord Russel pursued the Fugitives in their Consternation, who now beginning to draw off in parties, were killed in great numbers. The Ringleaders themselves were also taken. For it is the Overruling appointment of Providence, that Traytors and Rebels generally choose rather to fall into the Hands of Exemplary Justice, then to Sacrifice their pusillanimous Souls, to the Honour of their vile cause. And therefore Arund●l the Mayor of Bodmin and two of their Arch Priests, with seven more of the most Illustrious of the Crew, were splendidly Hanged to atone for the rest of the deluded Multitude.  
But the Rebels in Norfolk stood it out somewhat more boldly, being lead by one Ket a Tanner. They pretended nothing of Religion but to suppress and destroy the Gentry, and to put new Counsellors about the King. These increased to the number of twenty Thousand, and committing many Outrages: The Sheriff of the County came boldly to them and required them to disperse, but had he not been well mounted, he had paid for his venturing.  
Against these the marquis of Northampton was sent with one Thousand one Hundred Men, who marched into Norwich, where the Rebels were not a little Elevated in their Thoughts, so that their Captain Kett erected a Tribunal under an Oak, which was called the Oak of Reformation: where the haughty Tanner sate in judgement upon all whom they thought fit to call offenders.  
The Marquisses ill success being understood at Court, the Earl of Warwick was sent away with six Thousand foot and one Thousand five Hundred Horse; who coming to Norwich, was however scarce able to defend the Town, for the Rebels fell often in upon him, besides that he was not well assured of the City itself. At length he so laid his forces as to cut off all Provision from the Rebels, who thereupon having wasted all the Country round about 'em, were forced to remove: Then the Earl followed 'em close with his Horse, and tho the Rebels turned upon him, and made a stout resistance for a time, yet he quickly routed the Rebellious crowd, of whom he slay two Thousand upon the place, and then took their famous Captain Ket Prisoner, together with his Brother and several others, of which nine were hanged upon Ket's Oak of Reformation, which never till then bare fruit so proper to the Nature of its Name. Ket's Brother was hanged upon the Steeple of Wymondham, and the Arch-Rebel himself was hanged in Chains upon the Castle of Norwich, whose Citizens annually solemnized the day of their delivery, with no less joy then the Jews did when they had escaped the Hands of wicked Haman.  
These Hazards thus appeased in the West and East, the North would likewise come in for a Cast, under the leading of one Ombler a Yeoman, Thomas Dale a Parish clerk, and one Stevenson the Post; their pretences were to disburden the Land of all Grievances.  
Their number was now increased to three Thousand, so that the better sort began to grow in great fear of their Lives and Estates. But presently down came the News of the defeat in other parts, which being followed by the Kings pardon with proffers of Life, Ombler and Dale were quiter forsaken, and almost left alone, and so being easily taken, they two, with four more of the principal Ring-leaders were hanged at York, according to their deserts, for public Examples, as being the best Books for the unruly Vulgar to red in.   

Queen MARY.  
After the Death of Edward the Sixth, the Duke of Northumberland made a heavy bustle to advance the Lady Jane Gray to the throne of England. But such was the prevalency of Legal Right, over the ill grounded Claims of usurpation, that no sooner did Mary appear in Norfolk, in the challenge of her Inheritance, but while the Title of Jane was Proclaiming in the Towns near London, the People were all flocking to the Lawful Heiress; so that the Duke, who was sent to reduce his Lawful Soveraigness to pretended obedience, finding himself forsaken by the Council, who were seasonably sensible of their Error, and seeing that no body came into his Assistance, as pusillanimously as he had traitorously engaged in an ill design, deserted himself, dismissed his forces, and going to the Market place in Cambridg, was one of the first that proclaimed the Lawful Queen; by whom the Earl of Arundel being sent to apprehended him, in a most abject manner he fell at the earls Feet to beg his favour; but all nothing availed him, for he was sent to the Tower with three of his Sons; and soon after Beheaded with Sir John Gates and Sir Thomas Palmer, two of his great complices.  
The next thing that gave Offence was, the March with Spain, which had Influence of many; but the chief Conspirators were, the Duke of Suffolk, Sir Peter Carew, and Sir Thomas wyatt; the one was to raise the Midland Counties, the other Cornwall, and wyatt Kent. But as Carew was carrying on his Design in the West, the Conspiracy happened to be discovered by one that he had entrusted too far: and thereupon Carew fled into France. The Duke always a Person of a mean Spirit, after a faint endeavour to act his part, gave it over, and concealed himself in a private House, where he was betrayed to the Earl of huntingdon, by him to whom he had entrusted himself, and carried to the Tower.  
wyatt searing to be undone by the Discovery already made, gathered some Men together and Marched to Maidstone, where he made proclamation, That he intended nothing but to prese●ve the Liberty of the Nation, and keep it from coming under the Yoke of Strangers.  
Against him the Duke of Norfolk was sent with 600 Foot, and 200 Horse, Commanded by one Bret. But the Londoners being wrought upon by one Harp, that wyatt intended nothing but the preservation of the Nation from the Spaniards, and a deep insinuation that none would suffer under that Yoke more then they went over with their Captains to wyatt, so that the Duke of Norfolk was forced to retreat. Wyats Party thus increasing they turned towards London, and at Deptford were met by two of the Privy-Council, who were sent in the Queens Name, to demand what would content them? In answer to which wyatt demanded the Command of the Tower, and that the Queen might be under his Guard.  
Upon these extravagant Propositions, the jailers return, and wyatt enters Southwark four thousand strong, in hopes the City would have declared for him; but finding the Bridge shut against him, he crossed the River at Kingston, and thence Marching directly for London, advanced as far as Charing-Cross. There the Lord Clinton fell in between the several Bodies of his Men, and dispersed them so, that he had scarce five hundred left about him; but with those that remained, he passed through the Strand and Fleet-street up to Ludgate, in hopes to have found the Gates open to him; but those hopes being frustrated, he return'd back, and being now out of all heart, was taken at Temple-Bar by a Herald.  
Soon after the Duke of Suffolk was condemned by his Peers, and Beheaded. wyatt being brought to his trial, begged his Life in a most pitiful and abject manner, but for all that his Head was severed from his Shoulders. Bret was hanged in Chains at Rochester: in all fifty eight were Executed in several places, and six hundred of the Rabble were ordered to come before the Queen with Halters about their Necks to beg their Lives.   

Queen ELIZABETH.  
The first that desturb'd the quiet of this Princess, were the two Earls of Northumberland and westmoreland, both Zealous catholics; who could not carry their Conspiracy so closely, but that the Rumour of their frequent meetings increased in such sort, that the Queen, by peremptory Letters Commanded them( all excuses set apart) to appear before her, to the end she might quiter deter them from Rebellion, or else that they might be forced to break out forthwith, before they could gather their forces together.  
Northumberland being a Person of an easy Nature, and Conscious of his own Guilt, waver'd in a careful doubt whither he should go to the Queen, or fly, or break out into open Hostility. His Friends and Servants already prepared for the Rebellion, seeing him thus wavering and fear●ul, to awaken his drowsy humour, came to him in the Dead of the Night, crying out, That his Enemies were at hand to carry him away Prisoner, beseeching him withal, not to neglect himself, his friends, nor the Religion of his Fathers: who thereupon in a trembling condition with-drew himself to a House of the Earl of Westmorlands, where several who were not ignorant of the Matter were already assembled.  
Their pretences were several; to some they pretended the defence of the Queen: to others the restauration of the catholic Religion: and to others that they were forced to take arms, least the ancient Nobility of England should be trodden under foot by new Upstarts. Upon these Grounds they rush into open Rebellion, and set forth a Writing, That they had not taken arms with any other intent, but that the Religion of their fore-Fathers might be restored, Corrupt counsels removed from the Queen, and the Duke, and other faithful Lords restored to their Rank and Dignity, to Liberty and Grace. They also sent Letters to the Papists throughout the whole Kingdom, to join their forces with theirs: but they were so far from Associating themselves, that most of them sent the Letters which they received togethet with the Bearers, to the Queen.  
The Rebels went first to Durham, where they rent and trampled under foot the English Bibles, and Books of Common-Prayer, which they foun'd in the Churches. From thence they Marched easy Marches under their Colours, wherein were painted in some the five wounds of Christ, in others a Chalice, as far as Clifford Moore, where they mustered their Army to the number of 4000 Foot, and 600 Horse. Here when they understood that forces were every where raised against them, and that Carlisle was reinforced with fresh supplies, they retreated the same way they went, and coming to Bernard's Castle, they took it for want of Victuals by Composition.  
Upon which very day, they being now Proclaimed Traytors to their Country, the Earl of Sussex Marched against them with 7000 Men, accompanied with the Earl of Rutland, the Lords Hunsdon, Ferrers, and Willoughby of Parham. When Sussex was arrived at Aukland, the Rebels in a most fearful Consternation fled to Hexam, and shortly after in scattered Parties, came through by-ways to Naworth Castle, where understanding that the Earl of Warwick, and Clinton Lord Admiral pursued them with a power of 12000 Men, the two Rebellious Earls presently withdrew themselves into Scotland: westmoreland lurkt privily at Harclaw in poor Cottages among the Grahams, Famous Thieves, by whom he was delivered into Murray's hands.  
Northumberland found a skulking place with Car, Furmhurst, and Bucklugh, at length escaped with some English-men into the netherlands, where he lead a very poor Life, even to his old Age, living upon a sorry Pension from the Spaniard.  
Threescore Petty Constables and others were hanged for a Terror at Durham, among whom the Man of most note one plum-tree, a Priest. At York were Executed four more, and at London two more, and some others else-where.  
Afterwards such of the Rebels as were of best note were Convicted of High-Treason, and proscribed. The Earl of westmoreland and Northumberland: The Countess of Northumberland: Edward Dacres of Morton: John Nevil of Leversedge: John Swineborn: Thomas Marhenfield: Egremond Ratcliff: The Earl of Sussex's Brother: Four of the Nortons: and two Tempests: with about fifty more of Noble Birth. Such bitter Fruits did the three of Rebellion bare.  
Out of the smothered Fire of this Rebellion, broken forth a new flamme at Naworth, kindled by Leonard Dacres, second Son of William Lord Dacr●s of Gillesland, who having got together 3000 of the rank Rioters of the Borders, and some others addicted to the Family of the Dacres, then in great Repute in the North, fortified the Castle of Naworth, and stood at defiance against his lawful Princess.  
Against these Marched the Lord Hunsdon, with the old Garrison Souldiers of Barwick. The Rebels not trusting to their strong Holds, Marched forth to encounter him; the Fight was maintained on both sides very sharply, while Leonard omitted nothing that could be expected from a Valiant Leader. But after the loss of many of his Men he left the Victory to the Lord Hunsdon, and fled into Scotland; from whence he crossed the Seas into the netherlands, and Dyed a poor Man at louvain.  
Sometime after a Rebellion was hatching in Norfolk; For certain Gentlemen of the County having an intention to set the Duke of Norfolk at Liberty, had laid a Plot, that when the People resorted to a Fair at Harleston, they would gather the Multitude together by the sound of a Trumpet, under pretence of repelling the netherlands out of England, who had withdrawn themselves in great numbers into those parts, for fear of the Duke of Alva's Tyranny. Of these Gentlemen, several were brought to their trials, and condemned of High-Treason, but three only Executed, among whom was John Throckmorton, of chiefest note, who at the Bar stood mute, but at the Gallows confessed himself the principal Author and persuader of the Rebellion intended.  
No less fatal were the Rebellions in Ireland, to the Authors and Contrivers of them. Shan O neal driven to that distress, that he was once minded to have submitted himself with a Halter about his Neck to the Lord Deputy: afterwards slain by his own Relations and Country-men, in revenge of a Rape committed upon the Wife of O Donnel. The great Earl of Desmond slain in a little Cottage, after he had escaped the hands of the Victorious English for almost two years together, lurking up and down in private Holes and Corners. Hugh row Mac Makon, a potent Lord in the Territory of Monaghan, subjected to a trial by Common Souldiers, and by their Sentences hanged, and his large Possessions divided among the English. Tea Mac Hugh taken, and his Head sent to Doublin. And lastly the haughty Tyr-Owen brought to prostrate himself before the Lord Deputy, and in the sordid Weeds of an abject Suppilant to implore the Queens Mercy. Traytors thus at length betray themselves to be the vilest and most degenerate persons living, whose Souls can endure the Torments of such low and sordid condescensions as these? For who would not scorn to exchange his Liberty for a Pardon? or to Rebel with a Design to purchase the Prolongation of an Ignominious Life, at the expense of a slavish Prostration at his Triumphers feet? or to be beholding to a defied Enemy for a Precarious Being?  
Nor must we omit that in the Reign of this Magnanimous Princess, when the Duke of Parma was ordered to second the Spanish Invasion of England, he had no less then 700 English Fugitives, Rebels and Traytors to their Princess in his Army; Of whom it is said, That of all others they were the least esteemed: and that neither Stanley who had the Command of them, nor westmoreland, nor others who both offered their Service and Council, were once heard: but for their unnaturalness to the●r Country they were debarred of all Access, as most inauspicious persons, worthily, and with detestation rejected.   

King JAMES.  
Upon the Death of Queen Elizabeth, the Popish Priests and their bigoted Party began to conceive fresh hopes of bringing about their Designs of readvancing the Papal Interest in the Nation; but finding themselves defeated by the coming in and quiet Reception of King James, they contrived together a most desperate piece of Treachery, to surprise the Persons of the King and Prince, Henry his Son. Nor did they make any doubt of forces to effect it, meaning to retain them Prisoners in the Tower, and with the treasure there to maintain the enterprise. Or if the Tower were not to be taken, then to carry their Royal Pledges to Dover Castle, and there by violence to obtain their own Pardons, a Toleration in Religion, and a Removal of Counsellors of State, not fitting for their purposes.  
To conceal this Treason, Watson the Priest devices Oaths of secrecy; he himself, together with one clerk a Priest, instiling into the heads of the Confederators, That the King was no King before his Coronation.  
Persons of note in this Conspiracy were, the Lord Cobham, Lord Grey of Witton, Sir Walter raleigh, Sir Graftham Markham, Sir Edward Parham, George Brook, Bartholomew Brooksby, and Anthony Copley.  
But this Conspiracy being seasonably discovered, they were every one Apprehended, and Committed to several Prisons in London; from whence being carried to Winchester, they were Condemned of High-Treason, and sentenced to die. Watson and clerk the two Priests, and George Brooker, were all three Executed, as being Plotters and Enticers of their Associates. The Lords, with the rest that were Condemned, were reprieved upon the Scaffold, to render the Kings mercy the more unexpected, the more highly to be valued by the Offenders.   

CHARLES the First.  
We are now coming to the Toping Rebellion of the World, the most insane, and yet the most unanimous Hudle and Chaos of distraction that ever appeared since the Creation, and yet so finely and so dexterously cemented by the cunning Architects of the Confusion of those Times, that they foiled an Unfortunate Prince in the Field, though in his ruin they at length wrought their own Destruction, as by the sequel will appear.  
Among the chief pretences, that gave Birth and Encouragement to this Unnatural Rebellion, the most remarkable that lead the Van, were those that lie always ready to be improved by the subtle Contrivers of National Confusion, Religion, and conceived ill management of public Affairs; And these were heightened at such a Conjuncture of Time, when the people grown wanton with luxurious plenty, and a long Peace, were fitted to admit the pleasing alterations of Tumult and Disorder. And yet such was the fatal Blindness of these Unruly People, that they suffered themselves to be swayed, and to have those very Grievances, and ten times worse by their own Ambitious Tyrants, for Redress whereof, they had taken illegal Arms against their lawful Sovereign.  
But the chiefest Corruption of the People proceeded from their Seducers, of whom the chiefest part were such as fairly pretended to be the Ministers of Christ, and Gods ambassadors, who laid claim to a Rite to Govern every one his Parish, and their Assembly the whole Nation. These persons made it their business to decry the Rites and Ceremonies then used and practised in the Church, which begot several Invectives against the Bishops and their Ecclesiastical Government. So strange it was and yet so true, That the miseries and distractions which ensued, should be derived from no greater beginnings then only a few Ceremon●es, and that a War, which never stands upon any, should be grounded and fixed upon them.  
Others there were of the better sort, who having been so Educated, as to have red in their Youth the Writings of several Famous Men, concerning the graecian and Roman Commonwealths, wherein Popular Government was extolled by the Glorious Name of Liberty, and Monarchy disgraced by the Name of Tyranny, they became in love with that Form of Government; out of which were chosen the Greatest, or the most Eloquent of the House of Commons.  
The City, and other great Towns of Trade, admired the Prosperity of the Low Countries, after their Revolt from the King of Spa●n, and were inclined to think the like Prosperity would happen to them from the like change of Government.  
Others there were, and those in a very great number, who had either wasted their Fortunes, or thought them too mean for the great parts of which they believed themselves to be Masters, while others that had able Bodies, saw no better way to get their Bread, then by Fishing in troubled Waters. All these longed for War, hoping to live more splendidly by the lucky choice of a Party to side with, and therefore generally served them who had most plenty of Money.  
But lastly, the people were in general so ignorant of their Duties, that not one perhaps of a thousand, knew what right any Man had to Command him, or what necessity there was of a King, for whom he was to part with his Money against his will; So that the People being thus principled of themselves, were easily made the Kings Enemies by the Indefatigable Preaching of the Presbyterian Ministers, and the Seditious Whisperings of False and Ignorant Politicians.  
At this Unfortunate Time a Parliament was called, to sit at Westminster the 3d. of Novemb●r, 1640. to determine the Differences to them, by Agreement, referred between the King and his Subjects of Scotland.  
And now the Mutinous Democraticks being got together, first they called in Question such as had either preached or Written in Defence of those Rites that belonged to the Crown; And for those that had been imprisoned for Writing and Preaching Sermons and Books tending to Sedition, by their own Authority they ordered their setting at Liberty. In the next place they accused the King of a Purpose to Introduce and Authorize the Romish Religion, than which nothing was more hateful to the People; and to deprive the King of such Ministers, as by their Courage, Wisdom, and Authority, they thought most able to prevent or oppose their Designs against the King; They first impeached the Earl of Strafford of High-Treason, who was soon after Beheaded. Afterwards they accused the Archbishop of Canterbury, and got him laid up fast in the Tower: And to make sure of their sitting, they obtained of the King to pass an Act, That the present Parliament should continue, till both Houses should consent to the Dissolution of it.  
Their next Dispute was, concerning the Militia, which, because the King would not part withal, as being the undoubted Right of his Prerogative Royal, they  told him plainly, That they should be forced, unless he would consent to their desires, to dispose of the Militia by the Authority of both Houses, for the safety of His Majesty, and the Kingdom.  
To which purpose they resolved in case of extreme danger, and of His Majesties refusal, the Ordinance agreed upon by both Houses for the Militia, did oblige the People by the Fundamental Laws of the People; to back which, they added farther, that when the Lords and Commons in Parliament, which is the Supreme Court of Judicature in the Kingdom, shall declare what the Law of the Land is, to have that not only questioned but contradicted, was a high breach of the privilege of Parliament, which was not only to take the Militia, but the Legislative Power also from the King, who as he only made the Laws, had only Power to declare what the Law was.  
Much about this time the King being retired to York from the affronts and clamours of the Insolent and Audacious City Tumults, the Democraticks sent down Sir John Hotham to secure that Town and Magazine for their use; so that when the King came to demand with only some of his own domestic Servants and some few of the Gentlemen of the County, he was denied, entrance by the said Sir John then standing upon the Wall: For which, when the King required Justice to be done him, and that the Town and Magazine might be delivered into his Hands, the Democraticks return'd no answer, but in a Declaration full of slanders against his Majesties Government published.  
That whatsoever they declared to be Law, was not to be questioned.  
That no Precedents could be limits to bound their Proceedings.  
That the Parliament for the public good might dispose of any thing wherein the King or People had right.  
That the sovereign Power resided in the Houses, and that the King was to have no Negative Voice.  
That the Levying of Forces against the personal commands of the King is not Levying War against the King, but Levying War against his politic Person, his Laws, &c.  
That Treason could not be committed against the King otherwise then as he is entrusted with the Kingdom and discharges his Trust, and that they had a Power to judge whether he had discharged his trust or no.  
And lastly, that they might dispose of the King as they would; having gone thus far, as it were a Herald of defiance to pronounce open Hostility, they sent the King nineteen Propositions, with a choice of War or Peace upon refusal or condescension, the Chief of which were,  
1. That the Lords and others of the Privy council, and all great Officers of State, both at home and abroad, be put from their Employments, and from his Council, save only such as should be approved by both Houses of Parliament, and none put into their places but by approbation of the said House, and that the Privy Councellors should take two Oaths for the Execution of their places, as should be agreed on by both Houses.  
That the great Affairs of the Kingdom should be resolved and transacted only in Parliament, and such as should presume to do any thing contrary to be reserved to the Censure of the Parliament.  
That the Lord High Steward, High Constable, Lord chancellor, Lord Treasurer, Privy Seal, Earl Marshal, Lord Admiral, Warden of the Cinque Ports, Deputy of Ireland, Chancellor of the Chequer; Secretaries of State, two Chief Justices and Chief Baron should be chosen by the approbation of both Houses, that the Votes of Popish Lords in the House, should be taken away, that the Church should be reformed as both Houses should advice, that the Militia should be settled in the Parliament.  
That the Peers by Bill should be restrained from Acting and Voting in the House, unless admitted with the consent of both Houses.  
That the King should raise no Guards but according to Law, in case of actual Rebellion.  
After the sending of these Propositions, which was no more then Actual Rebellion in itself, and that his majesty had refused to grant them, they began on both sides to prepare for War.  
The King raised a Guard for his Person in Yorkshire, and the Parliament thereupon having Voted, that the King intended thereupon to make War upon the Parliament, gave order for Mustering of Forces, and raising Money, of which they made the Earl of Essex General.  
The Rebellion thus begun, many Battles and Skirmishes were fought with various success, tho for a while with much more advantage to the King than the Parliament, who finding that the King made good his ground so well in the South, and that his Lieutenant prospered so victoriously in the North, were forced to call in the Scots for their assistants, for whose satisfaction they Sacrificed Arch-bishop Laud, and entered into that solemn Leag●e and Covenant, wherewith they cemented their Iniquity together, and like Thieves and Pirates, or like so many Catilines and Cetheguses, they in dangerous attempts, vowed to live in their unnatural Enterprizes.  
In two Battles the Parliament were eminently victorious in that of Marston Moor, and that other called the second Nembury Fight; by which the Parliament believing that Essex did not Prosecute as he ought to have done, the advantages he had got, the Parliament began to have an ill opinion of him, and from hence the new modeling of the Army was projected; to which purpose, as every Change begins with Outcries, the noise of Justice was now against Delinquents. And here we must begin to observe the first Fruits of Gods revenge upon the Maintainers and Abettors of this Rebellion, which Heaven did afterwards so fully Prosecute to the ignominious fall and destruction of so many detestable Rebels and Regicides. For who were these Delinquents, but such as have been their Creatures, and done them that Service which enabled them to play the pranks they p●ayed. The first was Sir Alexander Carew, and the two Hothams both Father and Son, who for their Disloyalty to their sovereign, were put to death for being false to Rebels and Traitors. This was the same Person, who being desired by Sir Bevil Greenvile, not to give his Vote against the Bill of Attainder of the Lord Strafford, made answer, that if he were sure he should be the next Man that should suffer upon the same Scaffold, with the same Ax, he would give his consent to the passing it.  
Some few days after, both the Hothams were Beheaded at the same place, for endeavouring to betray Hull to the King, and holding Correspondence with the marquis of New-Castle, of whom it will be enough to observe what his late Majesty himself observed upon their last ends.  
Nor did a single Vengeance serve the turn; the cutting of one Head in a Family is not enough to expiate for the affront done to the Head of the Common-weal. The Eldest Son must be involved in the Punishment, as he was infected with the Sin of his Father, against the Father of his Country, Root and Branch God cut off in one day.  
That which makes me more pity him was, that after he began to have some Inclinations of Repentance for his Sin, and reparation of his Duty to me, he should be so unhappy as to fall into the Hands of their Justice and not my Mercy, who could as willingly have forgiven H m as He could have asked that favour of Me.  
Poor Gentleman, he is now become a notable Monument of unprosperous Loyalty; teaching the world by so sad an unfortunate Spectacle, that the rude carriage of a Subject carries always its own Vengeance as an unseparable shadow with it, and those oft prove the most Fatal and Implacable Executioners of it, who were the first Employers in the Service.  
But now the Presbyterian Democraticks went vigorously on with their new Model, which Essex, Manch●ster and Denbigh perceiving, that they might not be seen to have their Commissions taken from them, resigned them of their own accord. And this was the reward which Essex received for all the good Services which he performed for a Nest of Rebels against their Prince; who having now lost the opportunity of blessing the Kingdom with a Peace, when it lay in his Power; and to which he was Courted but a while before by the King at Lestithiel, withdrew himself in discontent to his House at Eltham in Kent, where not long after he died, not without suspicion of being poisoned by them, for whom he had so far blasted his Reputation in heading their unnatural Rebellion. They who were before such great adorers of his Person, now scorned and contemned him like Adulterous kindness, which changed into Hatred and Contempt, the admiration of those whom his Popularity had estranged from their first love to their Prince, who ceased not to prosecute his Honour with public Dicteries and ridiculous Representations in Print.  
By his Death it plainly appeared that the Soul of Presbytery was departed, which had actuated that self-designing, formless Schism of the Church, to a mad and infatuated Division in the State, and armed its Hands with Force and Violence to propagate its Dominion and Magisterial Usurpation. For when this first great Pillar of it fell, it submitted to its fatal Period. The great Blaze and Flames it had raised, waning into a glimmering and suspicious Light, were looked upon even as Meteors or Exhallations rather than any fixed or certain Luminary.  
For by this time the Army was new modelled, and committed to the Conduct of Sir Thomas Fairfax as General, and Cromwe● as Lieutenant General, all Ess●x's Officers being Discarded with a flay in the Ears, instead of the promised payment of their Arrears,( a just reward for their Fidelity to Disloyalty;) so that cronwell, who far exceeded the General in Policy and Design, though not in Valour, had the opportunity to Garble the Officers of the new moulded Army as he pleased himself; however he must do his work before he pretended to Quarrel with his Masters. Thereupon the General and he fell to their business, and that with such an unfortunate Gale of Prosperity, That the King was not only beaten out of the Field, and strip'd of all his Garrisons, but was forced to fly to the Perfidious Scots for Refuge: out of whose hands when the Presbyterians had bought him, then cronwell high in Repute for the famed of Valour and Conduct, and in great esteem with the Army, began to play his own Cards, making use of his own independents and their Adherents, Brownists, Anabaptists, Fifth-Monarchy Men, and Quakers, all included under the Name of Fanaticks, of which there were a great number in the Army and several by this time crept into the House, enough to put in doubts, and delay the Proceedings of the contrary party: and sometimes upon an opportunity of a thin House, to carry a Vote in favour of cronwell. Neither was cronwell so bad a Scholar, but that he knew how to practise the same Falsities, Dissimulations, Perjuries, and Rebellions, against his Pr sbyterian Masters, which they had practised against their Sovereign Lord.  
The Presbyterians began with Tumults and Mutiny, so did He; to which purpose, he and his Son Ireton contrived a way to make the Army Rebel against the Parliam nt, that had payed them all along, and under whose Banner they had hitherto fought, by spreading a Rumour, That the parliament, now they had the King, intended to disband them, and cheat them of their Arrears.  
The Army enraged at this, erect a Council among themselves of two Souldiers out of every Troop and Company, to Consult for the good of the Army, and for the peace and safety of the Kingdom, so that whatever cronwell would have done he needed nothing to make them do it; and the effect of their first Consultation was, to take the King from Holmby out of the Hands of the Presbyterians and carry him into the Army, whereby cronwell thought he had gotten such an advantage, that he said openly, That now he had the Parliament in his Pocket, and the City too.  
In the next place, as the Parliament by Impeachments and Attainders had deprived the King of the choicest of his Confidents and Couns●llors, so cronwell sends to have the House purged, and demands the Suspension of eleven Members at once, whom he knew to be his most potent and most able Adversaries.  
Which when the Parliament refused to do, and had drawn the City to raise Forces, and Man their Lines in their Defence, the City itself, after a Bustle to no purpose, was in some measure brought to confess their deserved punishment of their former Disloyalty, by feeling the Effects of that Tyranny which they had brought upon themselves, and constrained to relinquish their Militia, to desert the eleven Members, to deliver up their Line of Communication and the Tower, to disband their Forces, and turn out all Essex's Old Souldiers, and to draw off their Guards from the Parliament, and to suffer the Army to March in Triumph through their Principal Streets.  
During these Stirs, several of the Armies driven Members of both Houses with both their Speakers fled to the Army, and Voted in a Parliam ntary way in the Council of War, while they that remained behind choose themselves new Speakers, and readmitted the seven of their number: but the Army having ended their Triumphant March, released their Fugitive Members, and restored the Speak●rs to their Chairs, so that the eleven finding the place too hot, were forced to quit that Hive, where they had so long reigned Master Bees, for all together.  
And now the Presbyterian Party too late perceiving the fatal Errors into which they had run themselves, and the Ruin that was falling upon their Heads, whither out of a true Repentance, or to obviate the Progress of their Enemies, began to think of reconciling themselves to their injured and slighted Prince. But whither it were, that Heaven well knew that their Repentance was but forced, and out of necessity, and therefore reserved them for the ensuing Ignominies that befell them for the Crimes of their former Disobedience, all their Consultations and Contrivances against the Army were now as unsuccessful, as they were prosperous against their Sovereign.  
For the Fugitive Members being replac'd, they who had sat in the absence of the two Speakers, sat in such a servile fear, that they durst not dissent from what the contrary Faction propounded. The effects of which was, That the independents immediately displaced all Governours, and put in Men of their own Party that they could confided in; the Militias of London, Westminster, and Southwark, were divided, and the Works and Lines of Communication dismantl'd.  
Having thus levelled all things before them, they procured an Abolition of all Orders, Votes, and Ordinances, that had passed in the absence of the two Speakers. And yet this Ordinance of Annihilation would not pass among the more stubborn of the Presbyterians, till the Speaker pulled out a Letter from cronwell, taxing them with what was truly cast in their Teeth in reference to their Sovereign, though not so deservedly for what they then had done, with Treason, Treachery, and Breach of Trust, declaring further, That if they should presume to come there before they had cleared themselves from assenting to such and such Votes, they should sit at their peril, and that he would take them as Prisoners of War, and try them by a Council of War. And to make his words good, an Impeachment was carried up to the House of Lords, upon which the Earls of Suffolk, Lincoln, and Middlesex, the Lords Berkley, Willoughby of Parkham, Hunsdon, and Maynard, were Committed to the Black Rod: several of the House of Commons were likewise suspended, and others committed to the Tower, together with the Lord mayor, and several of the Aldermen, while Points and Massey were forced to fly into Holland. And thus by a just Retaliation of Providence, they who had made their Prince a Captive were now become most miserable slaves to their own Mercenaries.  
As for the subsequent Prevarications and pretended Overtures made by cronwell and his Faction to the King, and their close restraint of him to suppling him to condescension, we pass them over, as hastening to the Catastrophe of the Presbyterians, who were the first Authors of the Rebellion. This is only to be said, That those Shufflings and Cuttings with His Majesty had so enraged the Discontents of the People, that the Nation was in several parts almost involved in a second War: what with the Kentish Insurrection, the Revolt in Wales, and the Scotish Invasion; so that the Parliament seeing so many Dangers appear at one and the same time with doubtful Faces, and fearing the Dubiousness of success, began to think of making some Provision for their own safety, dreading more especially the Scotch Storm; to which purpose, they recalled, Their Votes of Non Addresses, and voted the Kings condescensions a sufficient Ground to proceed to a personal Treaty, with Honour, Freedom, and Safety.  
But Fairfax having Dissipated the Southern Storms, and cronwell having cleared Wales, and utterly defeated the Scots, and both returning home armed with fresh laurels, and now more Insolent with success, called their presumptuous slaves to a severe account, which now must pay off all their old Scores with Ignominy and Dismission.  
For now these Catiffs understanding the Intentions of the House, resolved to play no longer with the weak red of privilege, but with a bold Sword dissolve the Oracle of their villainies; To this purpose, Pride, Huson, and some other Officers, having had some Conferences together in Westminster Hall with the Speaker, the door being shut, sent in a Paper to the House of Commons, requiring the impeached Members, and mayor General Brown, as Guilty of calling in Hamilton, to be secured and brought to Justice, and that the 90 odd Members, who refused to Vote against the late Scotch Engagement, might be immediately suspended the House, and that all such faithful members, who were Innocent of those Votes, would by protestation acquit themselves of those Votes.  
To this Paper they admitted no demur, but presently brought three or four Regiments of Horse and Foot, and set strong Guards at the House Doors, the Lobby Sta●rs, and every where about the Palace, admitting none but Parliament Men into the Hall, where the two forementioned colonels and Sir Hardress W●ller violently seized several of the members whom th●y thou●h● fitting, and forcibly carried them away P soners. Of these a Catalogue was afterwards taken by Hugh Peters, after which they were thrust into Hell, where they were kept without any Accommodation all Night, and the next day committed under Guard to several Inns in the Strand; about one Hundred and S●xty more were by the same Commanders debarred entrance into the House, besides Forty more that voluntarily withdrew themselves, most of the Forty members, after many Expostulations, and their Protestations in vain against the force put upon them, were at length released. Ireton insolently biding them look to themselves, and how they acted any thing against the present Government and Army at their Peril.  
And thus were the mighty Grandees of Presbytery cast down from their Seats, where they had so long usurped their Soveraign's Dominion, and laid the Foundation of his utter Ruin. Nor did this Jeroboam of a cromwell, rending the Tyranny out of their Rebellious Hands, leave them so much as one Tribe to Domineer over: But first pulled 'em out as it were by the Ears, then Imprisoned 'em, and afterwards with shane and Ignominy dismissed 'em, cashiered, Discarded, Contemned and scorned by those whom they themselves had mounted into the Saddle of their own Illegal Government, And this was the Just reward of the first F●llies and Treasons of the independents.  
And now was the whole Body of the Parliament reduced to an Inconsiderable Juncto, wholly at the Devotion of their Great Sultan cromwell, who nevertheless served them outwardly with great Diligence, till by their assistance he had most Inhumanly & Irreligiously taken away the Kings Life.  
But that being done, and himself now swelled to that excessive bulk of loftiness, not to be confined within the narrow limits of a General-ship, as he that had so lately reduced Ireland, conquered Scotland, overthrown the King at Worcester, thought it now time to reap the benefit of his Successful Labours. And therefore looking upon the Juncto of his pretended Masters, only as an impotent and feeble Crew, that stood upon his Crutches, yet threatened to beat him with them, and to Essex him out of all his Grandeur, he resolved to cut the Gordian knot of all their intrigues.  
To this purpose attended with Lambert, Harison and some other of his great Officers, he entered the House, and after a short speech, wherein he shewed the Reasons and necessities of their Dissolution, he declared the Juncto to be dissolved, and desired the Members to depart.  
Upon which Harison peremptorily bid the Speaker leave the Chair, which he refusing to do without order of the House; or till he was pulled out, Harrison desired him to lend him his Hand, and gently heaved him out. cromwell also commanded their Bauble as he called it the Mace, to be taken away, and so having turned the Wretches out of Doors, locked 'em up, and clapped Guards upon 'em, and about all the Avenues into the Palace, to prevent those Spirits from possessing it again.  
The News of the fall of these Lucifers was quickly spread through the City, and from thence over the Country, where it was related and received with all imaginable gladness, while the Members slunk away muttering to themselves the affront they had received, and laying their Heads together how to retrieve themselves; for loathe they were to acknowledge their Dissolution, but whatever they fancied to the contrary, raving at this Boldness and Audaciousness of their Servant as they called him, cromwell their Master, minded it not, but went on with his Business.  
Certainly Fate never played such a frolic part, nor was there ever such a Scene of Mirth in all her Mazes and Varieties of Government, so unusual it is for the greatest and most potent of wicked men, to survive the Infamy and Dishonour of their Actions, unless it be to live the Ignominy and Reproach of themselves. But as if God would invert the threatened punishment of the fifth Commandment, these unparalleled Parricides were decreed to out live the Desire of Life, and to see all their Greatness butted, their Reputation abroad, and their Dread at Home fallen into such Ignominy and Disgrace, that it was the common Theme of Ballads, the most scurrilous and contemptible that was to be imagined. On the other side cromwell was more applauded by the People for this Action, then any of his Victories in the War, while none were more derided and scorned than those reformadoes of Petty Princes.  
Thus the two first Scenes of this Tragical Rebellion being past; the next was the Scene of Protectorship, which concluding with the Tyrants Life; the fifth were but the strugglings and uttermost efforts of Anarchy and Confusion, drawing to a Mortal Dissolution, which ended at length in the happy and long panted-after Restauration of his present Majesty.  
And then it was, that Divine Vengeance having traced the Murderers of their martyred sovereign, at last through several Mazes overtook them, the Iron Hand of Justice delivering them up to the punishment due to their unparalleled Impiety. Therefore though it were thought fit, as well to show his Majesties Clemency to the lesser guilty of his undutiful People, that an Act of Oblivion should pass for the general safety of the Nation, yet that his Justice might appear as equally Resplendent in not suffering such an unexampl'd Parricide to go with unexampled Impunity, the Parliament thought it altogether as necessary to Exclude from Mercy, the Chief Authors and Actors in the Late Rebellion and more H●rrid Perpetration, such whom Death had spared, as Sacrifices to the Law and the Honour of their Country.  
Thereupon a Commission of Oyer and Terminer was issued out for the trial of the several Offenders according to their merits; for no less then two days of judgement will suffice for Treason and Disloyalty.  
Of these there were two sorts, some who were reserved to such Forfeitures, as should by parliament be declared; of which the principal were, Sir Arthur Hasterigg, Oliver St. John William, Lenthall the Speaker, nigh the Minister, Burlin of Yarmouth, and some Sequestrators and Officers of the Army; as Desborough, Pine, Butler, Ireton, &c.  
The other Classis was, of those who were tried at the Old-Bayly, and the Kings-Bench, by virtue of the Commission aforesaid, directed to the Lord Mayor and Judges, of which the Lord Bridgeman, then Lord Chief Baron was the Chief. And of these some were immediately Condemned and Executed, others Condemned and Remanded to several Prisons, where they lay under Sentence, to be Executed at the Kings Pleasure.  
The Persons Condemned and Executed were, Captain Thomas Harrison, Apprehended in Staffordshire: John Carew, Brother to Sir Alexander Carew, Beheaded by the Long-Parliament, in 1644.  

All Executed at Charing-Cross, and Tyburn.  
John Cook, the Solicitor.  
Hugh Peters, taken in Southwark.  
Thomas Scot.  
Gregory Clements.  
Adrian scroop.  
John Jones.  
Francis Hacker.  
Daniel Axtel.  
Colonel Okey.  
Miles Corbet.  
John Bearkstead.   
Sir H●nry Vane tried the Year following in Trinity Term, and Executed on Tower-Hill.  
The Persons that received Sentence, but were remanded to Prison under Sentence of Death, to be Executed at the King's pleasure were, 

Sir Hardress Waller.  
William Heveningham.  
Colonel Henry Martin.  
own Row, a Silk-man of London.  
Austin Garland, Parliament-Man for Quinborough.  
Henry Smith, a Lawyer in Leicester-shire.  
Robert Tichburn.  
Colonel George Fleetwood.  
James Temple of Sussex.  
Thomas wait of Rutlandshire.  
Peter Temple, a Linnen-Draper's Apprentice in Friday-Street.  
Robert Lilburn, John Lilburn's Brother.  
Gilbert Millington.  
Vincent Potter.  
John downs.  
Simon main.    
mayor General Lambert received the Sentence of Death with Sir Henry Vane, but regard being had of his submissive deportment at his trial, he was reprieved after Sentence at the Bar, and remanded to Prison.  
The Lord Mu●son, Si● H●nry Mildmay, and Mr. Wallop, were sent for to the Bar of the Houses then sitting, where their Estates were declared Confiscate, they themselves degraded from all Titles and arms of Gentillity; and farther Sentenced, To be Drawn from the Tower through the City to Tyburn upon Hurdles every 30th. of January, and so back with Halters about their Necks, and to suffer perpetual Imprisonment.  
The carcases also of cronwell, Ireton, and Bradshaw, were digged out of the Ground from those sumptuous Monuments, which as they Thron'd it in their Life-time, they had usurped at their Dea●hs. They were drawn 〈◇〉 a Cart from Westminster to the Red-Lyon in Holbourn, and thence on Sledges to Tyburn, where the Corps were taken out of the Coffins, and hanged at three Corners of the Gallows from ten a Clock till Sun-seting, and then the Heads being cut off to be placed upon Westminster-Hall, their Bodies were butted in a deep Hole under the Gallows.  
This end at length had a long Rebellion, supported by all the Force, the Youth, the Wealth, and most crafty Head-pieces of a whole Nation, at last shattered to pieces, and delivered up to condign Punishment, and the effects of divine Vengeance, after a long and haughty Tyranny, by their own Ambition, and Divisions among themselves: leaving this indelible Truth of the Proverb behind them, That Honest Men came by their own, through the falling out of Thieves and Traytors.  
As for the Rebellious Scots, who lent their helping hand to their Covenanting Brethren in England; and at last sold their Sovereign to the Scaffold, they lived to see their Country quiter subdued by cronwell, who after the fatal overthrow of Dunbar, over-ran the whole Kingdom, imposed his own Judges upon them, and kept them enslaved by the kerb of four such citadels as the Liberty of that Nation was never subjected to before.  
No less bitter was the Cup of which the Rebellious Irish tasted at the long run. For being mastered by cronwell, they were reduced to that condition, that they were forced to surrender their Estates and Habitations to the Arbitrary Power of the English, who forbore not to t● them, That they possessed their Estates but during their pleasure, and till they could get Planters to put into their Rooms; So that when they could hold out no longer, the best Articles they could get was, to abandon their Native Soil, and to transport themselves into foreign Service. Providence so ordering, That they should be forced to seek their Bread in foreign Exile, who had disturbed the Peace of their own Country.  
And these have been the fatal Fruits of Rebellion against the lawful Sovereigns of England from before the Conquest, to the Restauration of His present Majesty; which they who will not apply to themselves, have nothing to do, but to adventure the same Vengeance from Heaven, and the same Punishments and Rewards of Treason and Disloyalty from Men.   
FINIS.   

Some Books Printed for, and Sold by, Robert Clavel, at the Sign of the Peacock in St. Paul's Church-Yard.  
THE Annals of King James, and King Charles the First, Containing a faithful and impartial Account of the Great Affairs of State and Transactions of Parliaments in England, in Folio. Wherein several material Passages Relating to the late Civil Wars( not mentioned in former Histories) are made known in particular, some of Mr. Rushworth's Mistakes and Omissions. As first the Case of the Devorce of the Earl of Essex from his Countess, which had so great Influence on the ensuing Troubles, Related from the Original Proceedings in that Court.  
2. The True Cause of the Troubles in our Church, viz. The Connivance of some Church-men at the Diss●nt●rs from the Government of the Church, as Established by Law, and the Favour found at Court from great Persons there.  
3. King James not so much Influenced by Gondamore, as is Related by Mr. Rushworth.  
4. The Three Estates in Parliament who they were, in King James's Speech in Parliament; 1620.  
5. An authentic and Impartial Account of the beginning of the Troubles in Scotland, and the Wars which ensued.  
6. The True State of our late Civil Wars, their Beginnings, Causes, who the Aggressors, &c. The rest are too large to take notice here, but may be seen in the Preface.  
Varenius's Geography in Folio English, Illustrated with many Copper Cuts.  
Dr. Willis's Works in Folio, English.  
The History of the Irish Rebellion, traced from many preceding Acts to the grand Eruption, the 23d. of October, 1641. and thence pursued to the Act of Settlement, 1662.  
Tracts Written by John Selden of the Inner-Temple, Esq and Translated by the Eminent Dr. A. L. The 1st, Jani Anglorum facies altera, with large Notes thereupon. 2ly, Englands Epinomis. 3ly, Of the Original of Ecclesiastical Jurisdictions of Testaments. The 4th, of the Disposition or Administration of intestate Goods.  
Mr. Scrivener's Body of Divinity.  
Dr. Cumber on the Liturgy in Folio.  
Mr. Sam's Britannia. Ogleby's History of Affrica, Asia, and America.  
Bishop of St. Davids's Vindication of the Bishops Rights to Vote in Capital Cases— his seasonable Corrective.  
The complete Catalogue to the end of Easter Term, 1684.  
The Bishop of Lincoln's Observations, and Animadversions on Pope pus the 5th. his Bull against Queen Elizabeth: wher●unto is annexed the Bull of Pope Paul the 3d. against King Henry the VIII.  
Dr. Cumber's Vindication of the Divine Right of tithes.  
Bishop of Cork's persuasive to all Protestants.  
Religion and Loyalty supporting each other, in Vindication of the Loyal Addressors.  
Bishop of St. Davids's Billa Vera, or Argument of Ignoramus— his short way to a lasting Settlem●nt, and Answer to Sidney's Speech— his Advice to a sound Protestant and Proselyte of Rome c●ll'd back.  
Three Sermons of Dr. Standishes.  
Two of Mr. Richard Werge of New-Castle.  
One S●rmon of Dr. Manue before the King.  
Two of Dr. Dixons's Prebend, of Rochester.  
Dr. Ward's Sermon of Blandford.  
Ogleby's Essop in English, adorned with 160 Sculptures.  
A Discourse of Natural and Moral Impotency.  
Bishop of St. Davids's Answer to Melius Inquirendum— his Answer to the Protestant Reconciler.  
Brown's Treatise of Preternatural Tumours.  
Mecket's Tractatus de politia Eccles. Anglicanae.  
The Reduction of Ireland to the Crown of England.  
Smith's rhetoric, the Fifth Edition.  
Humphrey's Resolution of Conscience.  
Dr. Byan's Eight Sermons, Preached before His Majesty in his Exile.  
Friendly Conference between a Minister and a Quaker, two parts.  
Dr. Duport's Poems. Seneca with Farnaby. Scicard's Hebrew grammar.  
Essop's Fables, Greek and Latin.  
Compend. Politicum: An Account of the Troubles in the Reign of King Henry the 3d.  
Martindale's Book of Surveying.  
Book of Riddles.  

THere is also Published a Book entitled, The Royal Apology, or an Answer to the Reb●ls Plea: Wherein the most Noted antimonarchical tenants, First, Published by Doleman the jesuit, to promote a Bill of Exclusion against King JAMES, Secondly, Practised by Bradshaw and the Regicides in the actual Murder of King CHARLES the First. Thirdly, Republished by Sidney and the Associators, to Depose and Murder His Present MAJESTY, are distinctly considered. With a Parallel between Doleman, Bradshaw, Sidney, and other of the True Protestant Party. London, Printed by T. B. for Robert Clavel, and are to be sold by Randolph tailor near Stationers-Hall. 1684. Price 1 s.  
The judgement of an Anonymous Writer, concerning these following Particulars.  
First, A Law for Disabling a Papist to Inherit the Crown.  
Secondly, The Execution of Penal Laws against Protestant Dissenters.  
Thirdly, A Bill of Comprehension.  
All briefly Discussed in a Letter from beyond the Seas to a Dissenter, ten Years ago; The Second Addition. London, Printed by T. B. for Robert Clavel, and are to be sold by Randolph tailor, near Stationers Hall. 1684.   
FINIS.