A NEW-YEARS-GIFT FOR Doctor WITTY; OR THE DISSECTOR ANATOMISED: Which is a reply to the Discourse Entitled, An Answer to all that Doctor TONSTALL has writ, or shall hereafter Write, against SCARBROUGH Spa.  
Aeger non quaerit Medicum Eloquentem sed sanantem.  Seneca. 
LONDON, Printed by J. M. for the Author. MDCLXXII.   

TO THE ROYAL SOCIETY.  
SIRS,  
IF there were no Judges to determine Controversies, Disputes would be endless. Dr. Witty having said all he can, in answer to my Objections against Scarbrough Spa, He makes his ultimate and highest appeal to the Right Honourable Lords, to whom he Dedicates his Book, saying, What fit Judges of this Controversy, can be found out, than their Lordships. And in the conclusion of his Preface, he seems to refer the difference betwixt him and me, to the major Vote of the Right Honourable, and Right Worshipful.  
Thus he prefers Alexander for a more Competent Judge of A Philosophical question before Aristotle; as if Titles of Honour were infallible Annulets and Charms against mistakes; and that none of those were to be imposed upon, by the common Tricks and Juggles of one, who, with confidence, would persuade them.  
1. That the Water (notwithstanding the great proportion of Sand and Clay in it) will leave none of this in our Bodies, because he has let them see (Pag. 42.) That it will pass, when newly taken out of the Fountain, through the filter, leaving nothing behind: or,  
2. That the Water cannot possibly occasion Obstructions, because it moves to stool, (p. 108.)  
3. That it cannot breed Stones in the Kidneys, because it provokes to Urine, (p. 37.)  
4. That it must be good to prevent and cure the Gout, because it purgeth, (p. 109.)  
5. That it is a most innocent Water, and good for all, because some who are strong in their distributive faculty, have quitted themselves from the Sandy faeces, without taking harm.  
So confident he is in the strength of these reasonings, that he concludes (p. 126) Nor do I think that there is a more innocent Water in the world of this kind, in the very particulars he hath charged it withal. Self-opinion is a thing so natural to all men, that it may be found in those that say, they know not what, and that do like him, Magno conatu nugas agere; but his ipse dixit, can neither satisfy you, nor silence me.  
Seeing therefore you have avowed to examine all opinions in Natural Philosophy, by the test of Experiment (a foundation for truth that will never fail) and that I desire to be tried thereby, I make mine appeal to you; were it a matter of small concernment, not worth your cognizance, I should not be so rude, as to beg, that sentence may be pronounced by you; according to the merit of the Cause, so let your judgements be. I have evidenced the Quiddity of petrifying waters, agreeable to Kirchers definition, by experimenting the drooping Well at Knaisbrough, which Dr. Witty says, is the most famous petrifying water, by far, of any that this Kingdom doth afford, (p. 54.) Of that Water, before it came to the Rock, I distilled a quart, and there was half a dram of pure Nitrous Salt remaining. The Cattle he says drinks of it, neither is there any Symbols of a petrifying property in it. 'Tis very true, for it has been tried by several; but as soon as it runs into the Rock, and comes distilling forth on the other side, than it petrifies, because the Nitrous Water has now dissolved stone, which it had not done before; I distilled a quart of this Water also, and it gave, as I said, a dram wanting Ten Grains, of Stone Powder and Nitre.  
Here let it be observed, that the surest way to discover whether a Water be petrifying or not, is to distil, or boil it in a double Vessel, to see what Sediment remains, or is cast down to the bottom; if it be Sand (which is stone powder) that Water is certainly petrifying. As for trying it by putting moss or sticks in the Water, to see if it will lay a crust of stone upon them, valeat argumentum affirmatiuè; but it is a fallacious Experiment, negative, to deny it to be a petrifying Water, in case it do not incrustate.  
Because there are other circumstances requisite, besides a petrifying property in the Water, to perform this incrustation, the main requisite (I judge) is, that the Experiment be made, whilst the Water flows immediately out of the Rock, and is in its act of Corrosion. I dare affirm, that all the trials had by things petrifyed, were thus obtained; whereas if the same things were left in the Currant of these petrifying Waters, after the act of Corrosion were fully completed (I suppose a mile or two distant from the Rock) from whence the Water took its petrifying property) they would not then be Crusted over.  
'Tis more than probable, that this is the case of Scarbrough Water, wherefore it doth not lay a Crust of stone upon the things put in it, notwithstanding it be a petrifying Water. For it runs out of the South, and in a direct line Southward, a mile or two distant beyond the great Mountains, there is an Hydrophilacia, a stately Lake abounding with Fish; here is the Springhead of Scarbrough Spa, it passing forthwith through the Roots of those Stony Hills, first, Dissolves the stone, and hath performed fully the act of Corrosion on it, before it come to the Cliff. This being done, it than Corrodes Allom-stone and in this second act of Corrosion, the Spa appears at the bottom of the Cliff, after the Corrosion is completed; which happens in a day or two; it settles to the bottom the Glebe of Allom. See for this, what I say to (p. 102.) the Tenth Proposition. A second requisite for incrustation is, that the Saline water, which has newly dissolved stone, do penetrate through the pores of what is laid in it, that thereby it may leave a crust of Stone upon it; that this is necessary also, appears by this. The more porous any thing is, that is put into all petrifying waters the sooner, and more perfectly is it incrustated. There is a Water, a mile distant from the dropping Well, that will petrify neither Leaf nor Stick, or other thing, save Moss only; and that is grown so hard upon the Surface of that Water, that one may go over it, as on a Bridge.  
The cause, sine qua non, of all petrifying Waters is, that the Saline Water passeth through the Stone, whilst it is in Embryone, and therefore dissolves it. If it were not so then, all Saline Waters (which must be supposed to pass through stone, before it appear above ground) would be petrifying, but we know the contrary; for the Sulphurous Salt Well at Knaisbrough, and the Allom Well at Malton, has not a grain of stone powder in them.  
'Tis a memorable thing, which the Lord Thomas Fairfax told to me; he cut away an high Rock near his house, at Denton, above the ground; and a good way within the Earth, 'twas very hard, but the nearer they came to the root of the Stone (his Lordships own expression) the softer the Rock was, even till at last it was nothing but Sand, that had not contracted the firmness of a Stone. Removing the heap of Sand, they came at last to Water and Clay, the mother of all that great Rock.  
That Stone which is subject to Corruption, may also be generated. I need not waste time to prove before you, 'tis visibly to be observed, that Stone has its seed, by looking upon the Rock of the Dropping Well, where the Water runs out of the same Chinks, where it has done from the beginning, and will do to the world's end. Notwithstanding the Water (as Dr. Witty has described it) running into the River Nidd (a little way distant from it) has Corroded so much Stone, that it has made a Rock that stretches some yards into the River; which shows, that the Nitrous Water would have consumed the Rock, which it continually Corrodes, unless Nature do supply it by a continued act of Generation.  
Not to give you any further trouble, I say, all Spaws have their name, and natural property from the Minerals, or Metals they have dissolved. As we call Knaisbrough Spa a Vitrioline water, because it has dissolved Iron; so may I properly call Scarbrough Spa a petrifying water, because it has dissolved Stone.  
If there be any doubt remaining unresolved, touching the petrifying property of Scarbrough Spa; I beg but to know it from you, (that I may have no more to do with this man of words) and I shall be ready to give you that satisfaction, which reason will prompt me to.  
I shall only add a word of Apology for my freedom, with Doctor Witty, the only provocation that I gave him, to all that uncivil language which he used towards me, was my opposing his opinion (which how fairly and candidly, the Book itself can witness for me. But finding him in his return, showing his strength, rather in reviling, than disputing; I was necessitated (contrary to my Genius) to use such a way as might make him a little sensible of himself; and yet in this I have not abounded too far, because (for the most part) what might seem harsh, are but his own reflections, laid at his own door, as the proper Father of them; and if there be any thing further, I am sure it may be abundantly justified by his expressions towards me.  
Your Honour's Humble Servant, George Tonstall.   

TO THE READER.  
ALL that I have writ against Scarbrough Spa, is but the Symptom of a Melancholy sancy (Pag. 125.) in the Judgement of Dr. Witty: to cure me of this, he has sent me a bitter Pill; see now how finely he hath gilted it over; these are his last words, I do still profess myself to be a Friend to Dr. Tonstall, and am ready to make it out, in any civil kindness; only (I hope) he will not henceforth expect that I tell him any Secret. To reply to this, having dealt with him (as he says truly) like as Hanun did with David's Servants; he raises this note from 2 Sam. 10.4. But this did so exceedingly disoblige King David, that it became an occasion of breaking the Bond of Friendship that had been betwixt them. Now may I trust him for a Friend, thinkest thou? As for mine expectance that he should tell me any Secret, Alas, Mr. Culpepper has deluded mine hopes long since; for he having Translated the London Dispensatory, has rifled the Dissectors' Cabinet Counsels, and has laid open all his Secrets, to the view of all English-Men and Women; therefore let him be assured, I shall expect none from him.  
Another thing I desire to note is, if the Dissector rejoin, he doth confute his own Title. He calls his Book, An answer to all that I have writ, or shall hereafter write against Scarbrough's Spa. There is but one remedy for this great Evil (he hints at it in the Epistle) He may choose a Second, to reinforce the Combat; and I shall take another, and let them fight it out, if there be any life left in his Cause. And that his Champion may have a fair Field to exercise his Valour in, and the most advantage imaginable, to rally up his scattered Forces; I have presented, (in answer to p. 102.) Twelve Propositions, the Summa Totalis of all my Writings, concerning Scarbrough Spa. Let him confute any one of these, and then I shall recant the Twelfth Proposition, which is the necessary consequence of them all.  
I have a word, or two more, to tell thee of Dr. Witty; First, (It is an observation of many years standing) he commends Scarbrough Spa good for all Diseases; take these Instances for it. A Gentlewoman came from Lincolnshire to Scarbrough, and had a Letter from her Physician to Doctor Witty; yet she sent for me, desiring to know my opinion. After she had related her case, and asked whether I judged the Water to be good for her, or no; I demanded a reason of her, why she sent for me, for resolution of that question, being a stranger, and not of Dr. Witty, who was recommended to her by Letter; says she, We know the answer Dr. Witty gives to every one that comes to these Waters, before it be asked him; from hence is it (making the Spa a Catholic remedy) that he asserts Philip Transel 10.51. That it cures the Asthma, inveterate Catarrhs, Hectics, and Consumptions. I suppose, no otherwise, than as the King of Terrors doth; that is, a Cure for all Diseases. Mr. Lampleugh living a few Miles from Scarbrough, consulted Dr. Witty, what he should do to prevent an Hectic and Consumption, which he feared only he was inclined to; the Doctor forthwith advised him to drink the Spa, and kept him a fortnight at Mr. Sanders house there, which suddenly brought upon him the thing he feared, who shortly after died of a Consumption. This his Mother-in-Law related to me, weeping. As for the Asthma, the Lord Cr. came last year to Knaisbrough, (who had sound the Evil Scarbrough had done to him before) and related to me, how his Nephew was gone to Scarbrough, for cure of his Distemper, the Asthma; I than told his Lordship, and desired him to take notice of what I said, that if the Squire drank a fortnight of those Waters, it would undoubtedly destroy him, or else let him believe, that I have no judgement of the nature of Scarbrough Spa. Coming to York after Spa time, I enquired of Dr. Witty, how the Waters did with him; he gave me no other answer, but that he was very ill. I asked his Physician in Ordinary concerning him, and he told me, that the Waters did utterly disagree with his Distemper, and as soon as he came to Scarbrough, he did forbid him to drink of it. Mr. Atkinson, formerly troubled with a Heat and Scalding of Urine (caused, according to Galen, by defluxion of sharp Humours) advised with Dr. Witty last year, for prevention of this Distemper; he directs him to drink Scarbrough Water, which did so exceedingly aggravate his Malady, that he was necessitated to undergo the strict rule of a Milk diet, complaining to me of Dr. Witty's bad counsel.  
As Scarbrough from its petrifying property is bad for the Stone, Gout, and Jaundice, so from its Saline Quality of Nitre and Allom, it is an utter Enemy to all that are inclined to a Rheumatism, or that have an acidity in their blood; especially if they be of a thin habit of body. This was the case of Two Gentlemen, that nearly scaped a mischief by drinking of it; the one is Mr. Westby, who came to Scarbrough. Dr. Witty did prepare him for drinking the Waters, and though he submitted to all his directions, yet the Waters did so exceedingly disorder him, that he was glad to desist. Ever since he used Knaisbrough, and himself told me, that if he should drink Scarbrough one fortnight, he was sure it would absolutely kill him.  
Mr. Westro (the other) came to us at Scarbrough, only to visit his Friends, the two or three days he drank the Waters (not above two quarts at a time) did so far put him out of Tune, that he made his complaint to me, he could neither Eat, nor Sleep. It took me a weeks time before I could reduce him to the state of Health, which he had before he meddled with the Waters.  
Let it be here noted the large difference between the Acidity of either Nitre, or Allom, which Scarbrough partakes of; and that of Vitriol, Knaisbrough is endued with. This is so Connatural to the Ferment of the Stomach, that it agrees with all Constitutions, and offends none, the other doth not so. Besides, the Acidity of Nitre and Allom frets; but this Heals from the property of Iron.  
Mrs. Shaw of Ferrihill was (judged) gone in a Consumption, having a continual Cough, and Expectorating little else but Blood, I advised her to Knaisbrough Spa; A Professor of Divinity and Physic, told her Friends, 'twas the ready way to carry her to her Grave; yet she followed my Counsel, and in a Fortnight's time, the solutio continua in her Lungs was healed, she perfectly recovered, and to this day continues healthful, and well-liking. So for this Balsamic property of Knaisbrough (in Mr. Stanhope his Catalogue of Cures, performed by this Water) A relation of Mrs. Barker of Doar, and Mrs. Ellis of Beverley, both cured by it of a dangerous Vleer in the Kidney.  
A second Observation of Doctor Witty is, that what Distemper soever any brings with them to Scarbrough, if they drink the Waters, and find no present harm by it, but rather their Appetites mended, then must this be Registered for a Cure done by Scarbrough Spa.  
Sir J. Br. first Lady, was afflicted for several years with the Jaundice, she consulted a Learned Physician in York, who, by good helps, supported her, against the Extremities of that Distemper; her Ladyship took a resolution, without the consent of her Physician, to go to Scarbrough. Whilst she drunk the Waters, she apprehended herself a little lightsomer, and her stomach to meat better; hereupon Doctor Witty records this in writing, as a cure of the Jaundice; the Lady getting notice thereof, with much ado, got her name expunged, telling Dr. Witty, she would not be in Print. After her departure home, the Distemper returned violently upon her, in sew weeks, her Ladyship died: This relation I had from her Physician.  
Mr. Thornton of Newton (his own Patient) was advised by him to drink the Waters, for the Paralitical Scurvy; which was done, says Dr. Witty, (pag. 166.) with eminent good success, his strength being increased, and his spirits revived, so as he doth now enjoy again his perfect health. The next year I met with this Gentleman at Scarbrough, who told me himself, that though he drunk the Waters, because the Doctor would have him to do so, yet he found no good at all by them, but feared rather a declining in his condition, which fell out so, for soon after he died of his Distemper.  
I hope (Reader) though Dr. Witty be pleased to charge me with Levity, Dis-ingenuity, Double dealing, and base ends, (and these repeated so often, that they become (like a Cramb recocta) troublesome, and nautious to any Judicious person) For what I writ of Scarbrough Spa, yet thou seest that the common good of men, the prevention of many evils may happen to the Sick, upon the frequent use of these Waters; and the vindication of a Truth of no small importance, are the motives that have inclined me to this undertaking. If he had (as becomed him) discoursed the difference betwixt us calmly, I had used no other dialect in this reply, than I did in my first Book, which is a sufficient evidence, that I gave him no provocation, for all the Raileries he gives me; save only, that I became his Enemy for telling him the truth; which toucheth his Copyhold so nearly, that he fell into a fret, as he confesseth, (pag. 81.) Seeing therefore (to use his own expression to Dr. S.) I am urged to go merrily on with him, I crave thine excuse.  
As touching the answer Dr. S. gave a year ago, I shall only say, 'tis pity such Green Fruit should be plucked from the Tree; some further experience in his Library, and a little more time in his Library, will, I hope, produce riper fruit, and pleasanter to the taste of Judicious men, and Scholars. He writ in haste, and had not leisure, nor opportunity to make trial of two Experiments; concerning both which, I have now saved him a labour, averring from Autopsia, first, that it is Glebe of Allom, that participates in Scarbrough, and not the minera of Iron. And Secondly, That it is a needless thing to distil the Urine of Scarbrough Spa Drinkers, to seek for the Sabulous matter; for (if he take the Dissectors' opinion to be true) as it passeth all through Cap-paper, he makes no doubt, but it will do the like through our Bodies; so shall he find all the Sand in the Urine, which the Water did contain. If he believe his own Experiment, that the gentle Heat of Evaporation, will precipitate the Stone powder to the bottom of the Vessel by a parity of Reason, much more will our Natural Heat (the acid fermence of the first and second Concoction, furthering the separation of Heterogeneous parts of the Water) precipitate it in our Bowels.  
His disputing against Allom to be an Alkali, and Nitre to be an Acid, if all were granted to him, doth not so much as touch against the reason I gave, why Scarbrough doth not petrify would put in it, after the manner of other such like Waters. For (by his own confession) there is an Acid and an Alkali in Scarbrough Water, which is all I demand to be granted; the thing therefore he hath gained, by opposing me in this is, that he hath occasioned the Dissector to break a jest upon us both.  
That Nitre is Filius solis, seen by his Red Garment. That a pound of Nitre will afford by distillation, a whole pound of an extreme Acid Spirit; that it is, a Sulphurous inflammable Salt, that mixed with the Alkali of Tartar, it causeth a great Ebullition, are such evidences to prove Nitre an Acid, that I judge Chemists will not deny them.  
That a Saponary quality is proprium Quarto modo, to an Alkali, is granted of all. That Allom has such a Lixiviate property, I may have a subscription of all the Dyers in England to aver the same: Why then should my Friend say, that it is no less than a palpable mistake of me to say so.  
But I will not contend with him further, only let me remember him, what is the saying of Cato, 
Nulli tacuisse nocet.  
Nocet esse Locutum.    

THE Dissector Anatomised.  
THE first appearance of Doctor Witty against me, (pag. 1.) puts me in mind of a Soldier, that was justly bastinaded for his faults, and when his haltings discovered his maims and hurts among his Country Neighbours, he thought it his best policy to halt down right, more than he needed, and then to boast, that these hurts, were the evidences of his Valour, the tokens of his Prowess and Manhood. Thus comes the Doctor upon the Stage, limping and halting, complaining of his bad usage, but improving it as a badge of his Honour and Virtue, in the rare discoveries he hath made of Scarbrough Spa; and this he sets off with the saying off Themistocles, That while he was young, he was wont to say, that he had not yet done any thing notable; forasmuch as he had not contracted envy, nor met with any opposition.  
If a man may contract envy for having a lame Leg, or for want of one Eye, then may this saying be applicable to Doctor Witty: I have only put to my hands, to keep these out of harms way, whom he by his Writings, would seduce into it. What I have done therefore, is properly a seasonable opposition to his errors; and consequently here is no evidence of his notable virtue.  
2. He next tells us (p. 2.) how he had some thoughts of answering my Book, with à vidi & Risi, and makes as if it had deserved no farther Consideration; because weak in the Argument, and mean in the Design. This is a short and easy way of Answering, and such as I might bestow upon his Book in the words of C. Hoffmannus to Romulus.  
Legisti nostrum, Risisti Romule librum  
 vidi, & Risi, Romule dive tuum.  
Quae causa affectus paris, in tam dispare causa,  
Risisti ingenium tutè, ego stultitiam.  
Yet if he had contented himself herewith, as indeed, he saith, at the first he had thought to have done, then had he lost his jest of the Cuckoo, and (what is as considerable) an opportunity of telling the world the Pedigree of Galen; and how he has Crowned him King, and made Proclamation, that all pretenders to Physic, who will not subscribe to him the Oath of Allegiance and Supremacy also, shall not be called Sons of Art, but Basebegoten, Quacks, Pseu, Dochymists, Mountebanks, etc. These two Thunderclaps, begets all the Frightments I met with in his Book. As for his pickering here and there with false Reports, fallacious Experiments, and frothy Repartees; they are no more to be valued, than a flap with a Fox tail, which Witty-like, he hath laid upon my back, and Dr. simpson's in his Epistle to the Reader.  
3. The Dirt and Sand, which by Anatomising the Water, I discovered to be in Scarbrough Spa, Dr. Witty undertakes, that he will cleanse away, and says, though his work be like that of Hercules, when he purged the Augaean stable, yet his labour is nothing like his. In truth no, but like that of Sisyphus, in rolling the stone up Hill, which returned upon himself again.  
Now he gins with his Dissecting work; Dr. Witty's Whittle, and Scanderbags Sword, are both of a Metal. Had the Doctor an arm like him, I should be in more danger by this Dissection, than when I was cut for the Stone.  
The first Pass he makes is, (p. 3.) I have called him out to a public Encounter, without any previous provocation given on his side. It seems he may give stones instead of bread, yet must not be told on't. Is it not as free for me to declare mine Opinion, as for him to proclaim his. In writing of Scarbrough Spa, I only meddled with his Reasons, forbearing unhandsome expressions; yet had I been sharper towards him, I could have justified it from his Provocation; for I was deluded by his Hyperboles, and Male-description of it, to drink of those Waters, to the hazard of a return into my former Disease, the Stone, enough to ruin me and my Family. I suppose he did not thereby design my coming thither, yet the harm I received, by drinking of it, was, Finis operis ejus, though not operantis. He tells us, (p. 4.)  
4. He will in point of Friendship, mildly endeavour to clear up mine eyesight. I thank him for his love, but shall entreat him to make use of his own Spectacles; I need them not; a proof whereof I have given in that, during three days time, by Anatomising the Water. I have discovered stone filings in it, which he could not see, in all the Thirty years he has been looking at it.  
He repeats what I said, in reference to myself, of Hypocrates and Helmont. In reference to him, I say, they are too great lights for his weak Optics; for in this case it is true, that minium sensibile destruit sensum. See p. 34. of Dr. Witty's answer.  
5. The Marginal note is, Galen is slighted by me. I desire the Reader to observe how he seeks, occasions to pick a quarrel; unless he expects I should put off my Hat every time I name Galen, I know no reason for his saying so; my words are these. Galens method of Physic, may justly be named rational, so far as he writes after the old man, his Master's Copy; I dare not speak further for him. Where is Galen slighted by this? I give him the same commendation that Dr. Witty gives him, in his Dispute with Dr. S. all along he seems so to appropriate the word Rational to the Galenical method, as if Rational and Galenical, were Synonyma and convertibilia; 'tis true, he intends to exclude the Chemical method, as Empirical, which cannot be allowed him; for if those Diseases be cured by this method, which the Galenical method leaves as incurable; certainly such Natural effects must be produced by most rational mediums. But that Galen hath opposed Hypocrates, in ascribing so much to the four first qualities, both as to the causes and method of curing Diseases, is so vulgarly known by his Book, De antiqua Medicina; that I need not mention it to the Learned; neither doth Doctor Witty's Encomium of Galen, (p. 12. where he says, He was the prime star of the first magnitude in his Orb) any more than eclipse his Honour. 'Tis no less than treason in him, to speak so slightingly of Galen; for if but a Star, from what Sun hath he borrowed his Splendour? surely from one of my two great Lights. Thus good Wits jump; I shall not trouble the Reader to Comment upon this his Digression, to p. 14. All which is translated out of Lambesius; only let this vain brag be noted, p. 11. Galen has brought the Art of Physic to such a Perfection, as no Art in the world can pretend to. Mr. Stubbs is modest in his Writings, against the Royal Society, compared with this one position of the Dissector; which if true, proclaims all those of their Society, that are Physicians, Fools and Madmen. 'Twere happy for the City and Country of York, if Doctor Witty's practice could confirm their belief, of this perfection in his Art. If others cannot understand (Galen) well, as he says (I suppose) he means in the Greek Copy, to be sure he doth; but I desire to treat him as a Friend, and therefore do commend to his reading, Petrus Severinus Danus, his Idea Medicina, and so set him right in his way to Perfection.  
Doctor Witty, (p. 15.) Cavils at my expression of se defendendo, and thus he vents it; Really I wonder at this expression, whoever offended him that he should stand upon his defence, etc. May not the Reader see by this, how hardly he strains to get something to talk; I refer it to the construction of any man, if more could be intended by that innocent expression, than to signify that I meddle not with his Books, further than was necessary to defend this one position, That the nature of Scarbrough Spa is petrifying: In the same Page, he shows his displeasure at this passage; Dr. Witty's failure was, that he left off where he should have begun. I persist in the same mind still, he should first have Anatomised the Water, that he might have viewed what was contained distinctly in its bowels; but this work he leaves to others. Doctor S. gives a reason for his so doing, (pag. 145.) Not for want of Ignorance, saith he, in the Critical Analysis of the water.  
But why should Dr. Witty be so angry for this charge truly laid against him? doth it not argue much ill Nature, and little Judgement, to reject necessary advice. But wherein am I to be blamed that gave it? except only that it came too late.  
The next Marginal Note (p. 16.) is, Dr. T. Disingenuous towards the Author. I know who it was that laid on these black patches, intending, thereby to beautify the face of Dr. Witty's ill-favoured discourse; 'tis an ugly Epithet, which I hate worse, than to be called a Fanatic, I shall therefore clear myself of it. I said in my Preface, that Dr. Witty, after he had observed what was most conspicuous about the Spa, and tried that the Gall Tinctured the Water, contents himself with fair probabilities for asserting his Five Principles. I appeal to the Reader; if I have dealt disingeniously with him, in saying so, I have given the Title of fair probabilities to his proofs; but he is not pleased therewith, but will have them called Arguments of Demonstration. Though they were all proved to be Fallacies (as may be seen in my Book) touching Vitriol and Iron, the Principles in difference betwixt us. As for Salt, another Principle of his, he saith, for it, (p. 19) The propinquity of the Sea gives ground to many wise men, to think it may have Salt, though he knows there are several fresh Springs about Scarbrough, which are as near the Sea, as the Spa is. Besides, see Norwoods' Relation to the Royal Society, (p. 565.) affirming, that at Bermudas they dig Wells of fresh Water, sometimes within twenty yards of the Sea.  
He concludes (p. 20.) that I have dealt with him, as Hanun did with King David 's messenger, citing the place of Scripture, 2 Sam. 10.4. How can I help that? Truth is not ashamed to appear naked in public, though the Dissector be; 'tis true, he received an answer against Vitriol and Iron, being in the Spa, importing no less than the shaving of the half of his Beard, enough to render him ridiculous; and the laying open the stone filings by the Anatomy of the water, was like the cutting of his Garments in the middle, even to his buttocks. It seems, indeed, he was ashamed hereat, and therefore he writes a Letter to the Royal Society, presenting them with seven or eight Extracts and Spirits, which he took out of Scarbrough Spa; yet hath the confidence to say, it was not Candidly done of me, to mention that of trying with Gall, and to leave out the rest of his Experiments (expressed in this Letter) for other, I know none. This letter was Printed four months after my Book come forth, yet he blames me for leaving it out; I beg his pardon, because I do not pretend to that infallible Prophetic Spirit, which Doctor Witty assumes to himself; so as to answer all that he shall hereafter write, before I read what is written: But I own him the kindness of a Friend, and therefore shall now take notice of it, N. L. First, he is not pleased with Dr. Foot, in mentioning his principles of Scarbrough, (Iron, Allom, Nitre) that he pretermitted Vitriol; yet he presumes it was not upon design; as if Water could partake of Iron, and yet Vitriol be absent from it; 'tis a grand Solaecism in Chemistry. Secondly, As touching Vitriol, he refers to his Book; yet (says he) it is most conspicuous at the Well. A loud untruth, for it is a Nitrous Salt only that is so; for all that sproots out of the Hill, shoots in Stirias, the sign which he himself gives for Nitre, there being no difference betwixt that which he calls Vitriol, and that he calls Nitre, but Colour only. Now I demand, seeing his leisure did permit him to step to Scarbrough to renew his Experiments, there resolving to be more Critical, why he omitted to present this he calls Vitriol, so conspicuous to the Royal Society: doubtless his return with this, would have been more satisfactory to them, than the seven or eight sorts of Extracts, and Spirits, which now I come to examine. His first Extract. Exhale Scarbrough Water, till all the moisture be consumed, and there remains a Body of Minerals signed. A. See his Book (p. 10.) and how he defends it in his answer, (p. 22.) to be an Extract. Will not the Apothecary Boys laugh at him for this? if when he prescribes to them Extract of Rudy, they should send Pillulae Cochiae; the Patient will find a difference between them, though Dr. Witty makes none. His second Extract. Dissolve the first Extract in water, and filter it, there will remain a little Jusipid-earth. Pray why did he not sign at B. Oh the cunning of Dr. Witty, this is the very Critical Point, the foundation of all the dispute betwixt him and me; the main pillar on which I build all my discourse; an Extract which I made out of Scarbrough Spa, not before so duly taken notice of; yet must it be hid from the eyes of the R. S. whose satisfaction he is ambitious to court, and only pass it over with this slight remembrance, but not present it to them; calling that a little Insipid earth, which is a great deal of Gretty stone powder. How justly may I retort his own words upon him? What makes all this double-dealing for advantage? He proceeds, Evaporate that Water away, there is the Body B. this I judge to be for the greater part Nitre: dissolve this Body in Water, and filter it, and there remains in the paper powder C. which seems to be the aluminous part. Why so? may not the Aluminous Salt in the Water, as easily pass through the Filter, as the Nitre; This is sometimes found to be like a Crystalline Sand, C. C. Take heed of it, 'tis better expressed (p. 64.) the grosser part of the Minerals or Metals which the fire fixes. Evaporate this Water, and there is a Salt Dor, that D. D. the difference betwixt them, is in the degrees of Heat; this dissolved again, and evaporated, there is a Salt D. D. D. When the Spa Water is first set on the fire, there falls to the bottom a Yellowish Powder E. He cannot say what it is I told him (p. 56.) of my Book, that it was the Glebe of Allom, which appears in a Black Powder, if the Water be set by cold, after two or three days, N. L. Dr. Witty being reproved for asserting his Five Principles, before he had Anatomised the Water; he now (to make amends) will dissect it into more parts, than makes up the whole eight Extracts signed, A. B. C. C. D D. D. E. he should have proceeded in the Alphabet to Witty, that the R. S. might see he had not his name for naught. Now I appeal to the Reader, what more he hath made to appear, by all these, than a Nitro Aluminous Salt (which is impossible, by Art, to separate asunder) except Sand and Clay, which Doctor Witty will not have spoken on. He calcined also the Body of Minerals signed F. I demand if there were any Flakes of Iron intersperced amongst it, as he told us there were, in his Answer to Hydr. Chym. p. 67. He affirms in the place forecited, that they do Calcine whitish; now says he, you may see they have a manifest appearance of a Red Colour, qui colour albus erat nunc est, etc. This Redish Colour he judges to come from Iron, and for that purpose he presented it; whereas it is a better Argument, that the Redness comes from the Sand and Clay that is in it, which by stress of fire, turns to be of that Colour, as is observed in the Potter's furnace, and Brick-kilns he presented; also half an Ounce of the Spirit, besides an Ounce of Phlegm which he distilled out of six Ounces of the body of Minerals, signed by G. H. Alas, that a man should be at all this pains and charge, only to confute himself, and that before the Royal Society, to whom he makes this offering, and of whom he boasts, these noble Worthies were pleased to receive with some satisfaction. I desire no better Judges, and therefore appeal to them, if it be not impossible to distil a Spirit of half an Ounce, out of six Ounces of this Body of Minerals, unless it be granted that there is a large proportion of Sand and Clay in it, as I have affirmed.  
For what else could hinder the Salts from fluxing in the Retort, and if they did flux, how could the Spirit arise in the Receiver?  
Now let others judge (to use his own words) with a little alteration, if these few Notes may not serve for Academical Demonstrations of Doctor Witty 's Mechanical Fooleries.  
The Marginal Note (p. 23.) is, he confesses his Levity. I confessed my credulity, that I durst drink the Waters, and commend them to others, upon the credit of Doctor Witty's Book. Forgive me but this once; when after search I found Stone-powder in it, I then rationally desisted, and dissuaded others, inclined either to Stone, Gout, or Jaundice, from further meddling with those Waters. He says, I brought my Wife thither, what then? it was not for Cure of any of these three Diseases mentioned; ergo, his talk is, nihil ad rombum; but of this more anon.  
But that this charge of Levity might the better take place in the minds of men, he strengthens it with another, plainly insinuating, p. 24. that the change of my opinion was but for a base design, of interest and advantage; and thus he doth above nine times (if I misreckon not) in his Book. What shall I answer to this? will Doctor Witty arrogate to himself the knowledge of my Heart and Principles? he knows whose sole prerogative it is to be 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉, may not I with equal probability affirm, that 'tis a base design of gain in him, to plead for Scarbrough, against the evidences produced of its danger, to such as drink it. But I would have him know (if he hath the Ingenuity of believing a serious Profession) that the Conviction I have of the hazard, that attends the drinking those Waters, was the true cause that moved me to a public discovery of it; if these Accusations be friendly or manly (they are his own words) I know not what is friendly or humane.  
What he further urgeth (pag. 26. 27.) that Scarbrough Spa cannot have a petrifying property from Nitre, is so altogether nothing against me, that one would think he had not read my Book, which he pretends to answer; neither is his catch about a Nitrous stone, (p. 28.) worthy of any consideration; Saxum Nitrosum, is Kirchers expression, and Saltpetre, is in Latin called Salpetrae.  
But now he falls on at last against my first Argument (to prove the petrifying property of Scarbrough) drawn from the Authority of Kircher, which he thus answers, Kircher is such an uncertain, and wavering Writer, that my Argument, from his Authority, is of no validity at all. This is a great unthankfulness in Dr. Witty, thus to abuse this Learned Author, that stood him in so much stead before; so long as Kircher seemed to be on his side, against Dr. S. then who but Kircher, Paracelsus was not worthy to carry his Books, who was certainly a hundred times more profoundly Learned than he. Answer to Hydr. chym p. 228. Now that he is turned to be on my side against Dr. Witty, he is a wavering and uncertain Author; well, what then? is his Authority, therefore, of no validity at all? If Dr. Witty could produce the Authority of Galen against me, I would answer, Valeat quantum valere potest. The Authority of this Learned man is of some weight, until he bring as great a Scholar to put in the other Scale to balance it; let it be observed, that authority of Authors, is the best weapon Dr. Witty has to contend with; and if any dare encounter the Doctor, none doth more industriously handle this weapon than he. But I shall further concern myself to vindicate Kircher, from another charge of Dr. Witty: Kircher is extremely roving and unresolved, wherein this petrifying property shall reside, says he, (p. 28.) Oh strange! Self-interest is of such a smoky nature and force, that it puts out his Eyes; and therefore he cannot see, how in the very same Book and Chapter quoted by him, he placeth the petrifying property of waters in their dissolving of Stone; and that to effect this Dissolution, 'tis necessary some Salt (of what sort soever) be joined to the water, lib. 8. p. 46. there are these words, Succus Lapidificus est saxum nitrosum, aqua eliquatum, quod experientia docet, si enim aqua nitro vel tartaro miscetur & pollivi saxi per filtrum colaveris illa frondes similiaque nitida, cortice saxeo vestiet, quod sine sale non eveniet, unde patet, vel salis nitri, vel aluminis copiam jungi debere aquis rupes per currentibus, ad petrificationem. He speaks so plain, that he that runs may read, that any Salt in water will serve to dissolve Stone, and thereby make the water to petrify; and that no Salt of what sort soever, that is in water, and has not dissolved Stone, is petrifying. Reader, you see how disingeniously Dr. Witty hath dealt with Kircher, and that he is so far from weakening his Authority, that he discovers only, that either he would not, or did not understand him.  
My second Argument is, Experiment, whereby I prove that Scarbrough is parallel to all petrifying waters, in that property which is essential to them; namely, in that they have dissolved Stone, which is common to no other water, which is not petrifying. I instance in Knaisbroughs Dropping Well; what says Dr. Witty to this? To both these Arguments (of Authority, and of Experiment) I'll answer, saith he, in one word, why in one word? I shall dare him, or any man else, to confute me, as the Scholar confuted Bellarmine, with saying, Bellarmine thou liest. Upon this Point, I'll venture as high as Dr. Witty has done, to give up the cause. If I be false in either of my Experiments, which I have made of Scarbrough, and of this Dropping Well; but let him speak out, Knaisbrough will cover with a stony Crust, Moss put into it; and let any man show me that Scarbrough will do so, and I'll give up the Cause. What a sorry unScholar-like vaunt is this, when I told him before, that Scarbrough was not accused by me, for doing so, if they agreed in this Point; how could he and I dispute such a matter, which any two Girls that come to the Waters, may decide with their eyes? It could not then be a fit subject for Disputation; but though it petrifies not a stick put in it, what if it petrifies when put in our Bodies, and leaves a crust of Stone, when 'tis passing through, in our Vital Bowels? It will not follow, that because it doth not the one, therefore it cannot do the other; there is a difference in the subjects, Sticks and Living flesh are not one; there is a difference in the object, the water in the Fountain is Homogenical; every drop of that water, is water, and will so pass through the filter, but after it is received into our Bodies, the Ferments of Concoction makes a separation of the Principles, and what was before Water, is now in part, Sand and Day. But this is all nothing in Dr. Witty's account; I hope the Learned will judge otherwise of it; with this empty brag, he would pass on to my Third Argument: I shall not part with him so, but shall fetch him hither, from p. 57 (Dr. Witty has dissected me after such a Butcherly manner, that I am forced to make Head and Pluck go together.)  
There he concludes thus, The parallel betwixt Dropping Well and Scarbrough, is naught and frivolous. You would think a strong Team of Arguments went before, that made this conclusion follow; 'tis this, The salt of Dropping Well is not Nitre, for it does not shoot into Stirias: suppose it were so, that the Water of Scarbrough, and Dropping Well have different Salts, what is this to the purpose, so long as they agree in this, that they both have dissolved Stone? 'Tis proved already, let the Salt be what it will, whereby the water has power to dissolve stone, that water is petrifying. Seeing in this therefore, they do agree, wherein the petrifying property of all Waters doth reside; I have all granted to me I dispute for, but I declare and vow, per fidem meam datam universitati Oxon, that the Salt of Drooping Well is Nitrous, and shoots into Stirias, having it to show to any that questions this my solemn protestation, enough, I hope, to satisfy any Brother of the Profession, but the Dissector. He proceeds, (because I declare there is Nitre in Scarbrough) I have proved it already, to be inconsistent with the nature and property of Nitre to make a stone; who goes about to disprove him in this? he is beating the Air again.  
Reader, then see that Scarbrough and Dropping Well are parallel; for any thing the Dissector has to object against it, hear him now confess it; says he, (pag. 56.) of the Dropping Well, if it be evapourated away, it leaves in the bottom of the vessel a gretty stone powder; so doth Scarbrough (confessed of all hands that have tried it) ergo, they are parallel. Dr. Witties' Friend confessed to me, he boiled Scarbrough Water this year, and found it did so. But this is not all, as he has confessed that Scarbrough and Drooping Well are parallel, here now he gives up the whole Cause; his next words are, For the fire fixes the Lapidescent juice; hence this Syllogism doth naturally result.  
The Water, that after evaporation leaves a gretty stone powder at the bottom of the Vessel, has in it a Lapidescent juice.  
But Scarbrough Spa, after evaporation, leaves a gretty stone powder at the bottom of the Vessel; ergo,  
Scarbrough Spa has in it a Lapidescent juice.  
The Major is his own confession in the place force-cited, (p. 56.) The minor is proved by the Experiment mentioned, and confessed by all Experimentators of Scarbrough Spa; nemine contradicente. It is superfluous to say more, yet for satisfaction of the vulgar, I shall say again,  
The Spa that has in it a Lapidescent juice, is a petrifying water.  
But Scarbrough Spa has in it a Lapidescent juice; ergo,  
Scarbrough Spa is a petrifying Water.  
Reader, now that mine Adversary, the Dissector, is under my Feet, as I am a Gentleman, I scorn to trample upon him, and therefore shall with all submission, patiently give him leave to pull the hood over mine Ears, in the most disgraceful manner to degrade me, if the minor Proposition of the first Syllogism prove not true upon his own trial and experiment.  
My third Argument, à priori, (p. 30.) from the apporhoea spiritus Lapidifici, is now, ex supra abundanti; so that if there were no effects of this to be seen on the Cliff, Dr. Witty's boasting is vain, though he be got up as high as Tenderdens' Steeple. I advise him to make use of the Bell-rope, and the Muscle shells we find petrified on the bank, he says, was cast up by the Sea. So may be, was the three Cart load of Earth, that lies petrified, at the bottom of the Hill; but hear his proof, Assuredly the Sea doth petrify any thing that has in it a Lapidescent juice, (p. 31.) This is a Golden Aphorism, so doth all the four Elements, Fire, Air, Earth, and Water, without Salt; for Fire, that is his own saying, (p. 56.) the words that cost him so dear before cited. For Air, see Tachen. p. 15. where he says, that 'tis observed, that a Flint stone, laid on the ground, of a hundred pound weight, will receive from the Ambient Air such nourishment, that yearly, it will acquire about ten pound more weight; for Water look into fresh rivers, how full they are of pebble stones at the bottom; for Earth dig any where among the Quarries. Is not this then spoken like a Philosopher think you? hear him now, how like a Physician he utters his mind; Hence it comes to pass, that he that has any Lapidescent juice, which we call a Tartarous humour, shall sooner contract the stone, if he eat much salt with his meat. This is point blank against the unquestionable reasons, and experience of Helmont, cap. de Lithiasi, 3. parog. 30. Sexagenarium immunem arenum calculo servavi annos sedecim (cui alioqui obnoxius erat) largo salis marim usu, quod deinceps in multis confirmavi. But Dr. Witty matters not what Helmont say; for he told me (I hope, not for a secret) when I was at Scarbrough, and he newly come from Cambridge in Triumph, for his victory over Dr. S. That Helmont was a Quack, and if he could have met with the man, that Married his Daughter, whom he sought after in London, he assured me, That Son-in-Law of his, would say no less of him. I shall therefore tell him the practice of another Learned Physician and Chemist, famous for his Cures done in the North, Doctor Webb: he for preventing of Tartarous humours, coagulating in the Body, did use himself, and advised all his Friends to breakfast every morning, with Bread and Salt; which was observed in his time, by most Gentlemen of his acquaintance: I dare be positive, that this breakfast, is a better receipt for the Stone, than the eating of Radish Roots with Meat, which Dr. Witty magnifies for a secret, (p. 61.)  
But if any object, that Salt meats are found to be ill for the Stone, I'll grant it; yet doth it not therefore follow, that to eat much Sea-Salt, with fresh meat, is so, as Dr. Witty saith, for this reason. If meat be laid in Salt, before it be eaten, the longer it lies, the more of the flesh's Alkali is melted into the Salt, (which we find again by distilling of the pickle) The flesh being so much deprived of this, must therefore be bad for the Stone, in as much as Acidity in all Concoctions, but the first is the principle of Coagulation, and Alkali is the sole sweetner of it: If this be not a Note above Ela in Doctor Witty's Gamut, I would have him to dance, after this my pipe, for the future.  
That this Dissector is a perfect Trifler, we have a proof of it, as all along; so here, because I did but allude to Lot's Wife, what a bustle he makes about her, writing in Folio to Doctor Bazere for information, whether it was Sea-salt, or other Mineral that she was turned into; yea, so Foolhardy is Doctor Witty, that he will prescribe to the Almighty a reason of his miraculous do. Says he, She was not turned into Marine Salt, for than she would have melted away with every shower, and so it could not have suited with the design of God. Vain man, the same Omnipotent hand, that withheld the Bush that burned with fire, that it was not consumed, would have kept the Salt from melting with rain, and made it suit his design, as long as he pleased. But to go on, Doctor Bazere sends this Letter of Doctor Witty's to the Bishop's Chaplain; He told me that a Traveller, lately showed him a white lump of stone, like Alabaster, bidding him to taste it; he did so; says the Traveller to him, that is a piece of Lot's Wife; upon this report, the Chaplain fell a spitting and a spawling, seeming to be angry, that he was not told so before he put his tongue to it; for says he, for ought you know, it was taken out of her Buttock. Had this Traveller gone to Doctor Witty with it, he would (to give the world satisfaction) have licked his lips at it, notwithstanding it had been so.  
To let this Woman alone, I say, old Parr, who lived an hundred and forty years, and eat Sea-salt with his meat daily, when he could get it, if Doctor Witty speak truth, that this Salt is petrifying, than 'twas a miracle, like that of Lot's Wife, that he was not turned into a petrifying Pillar of Salt before he died.  
Whilst Doctor Witty is of this opinion, it were advice, secundùm artem, for him to persuade people to eat their meat without Salt.  
He comes next to my fourth Argument, from the effects of Scarbrough Spa, instancing first in myself, how hurtful these Waters were to me; he brings in with it, what I said of Knaisbrough before, how it brought mucous matter out of my Bladder, which I illustrated with a saying of Helmont in his Custos errans, (p. 212.) Vbi custodes malè se habent continuo plorant partem proprii alimenti, quod sibi assimilare debebant: The Marginal note is, Dr. T. Cites Helmont impertinently, (p. 34.) yea, saith he, The matter for which I cite him, and the words, agree like a Harp and an Harrow. Now, if I produce a another place in Helmont, where the words, and the matter, are both expressly together, Doctor Witty had better said nothing. See Delithiasi, (p. 664.) Oblaeditur nempe vesica in sua digestione acrudeli & molesto hospite calculo, quapropter impatiens, partem sui alimenti indigestam, continuo plorat, quia preficere, atque promovere eam nequit novamque ideo accersit successive. It appears then, that though in the judgement of Dr. Witty, Helmont is impertinent to write thus, yet have not I cited him impertinently; Nor doth it appear, says he, that I understand helmont's meaning. I deserve a Fool's Coat, if I do not; To say no more (says he) than what appears true to Learned men, this is one of those sentences, wherein Helmont affects obscurity, and is scarce intelligible. Thus Dr. Witty would put the Fool's Cap upon the Head of all Learned men, measuring their knowledge by his own: Custodes is the one hard word that is in the sentence; he knew the whole body is distinguished into three, Continentia, Contenta, & impetum fatientia; what ailed him, that he could not appropriate the word Custodes, to the last of these? doth not the Spirits Animal, Vital, and Natural (as they say) deserve to be called Custodes, seeing they are the Fountain of all the Functions, which every part of the body doth perform. Dr. Witty, in that he can smell Vitriol in an Allom Water distinctly, hath approved himself to be Homo Emuniti naris; yet suppose he catch a cold in his head this Winter, and thereupon water distils out of his Alimbick, and wets his Handkerchief daily; if this experience doth not teach him to understand helmont's words I cited, then for certain there is something else (his brains) has dropped out of his Nose. What weeds Doctor Witty can gather out of Helmont, I know not; sure I am, this sentence of his is a Flower, that is fragrant in the Nostrils of all Artists, whilst they have to do with most Diseases, particularly the Diabetes, Stone in the Bladder, all Ulcers, inward and outward.  
He says, I had the same reason to charge Knaisbrough Water for breeding the mucous matter that it brought away, as to charge Scarbrough for breeding the Stone. Let Dr. Witty give me as good a reason for the former, how is it possible that a Vitrioline water should breed Mucous water in the Bladder, as I have done in the latter, how Scarbrough water is apt to breed the Stone, and then I'll believe he writes sense.  
I said before, that Nitre in Scarbrough, is as the Rose; stone filings are the prickles that grow with it. This is good, the other is bad, yea, the worst thing in the world for the Stone.  
He tells me, (p. 37.) out of Kircher, that I had reason to look for fits of Stone, after cutting. 'Tis granted, and therefore I came to Scarbrough to prevent them, where I met with those fits, and upon examination of the Water, I found just cause to say it bred them. Mine experience confirms what I said; for since I was cut for the Stone, I never, to this day, felt the least symptom of Gravel, save only, when I drunk of Scarbrough Water, and immediately after the drinking of it.  
But says he, Scarbrough by reason of the Nitre in it, makes a plentiful Current run through the passages of Urine, and therefore cannot breed the stone. At first it doth so, till it take a Jadish Fit, sooner or later, it will neither go backward by Stool, nor forward by Urine. But again, the more currently a petrifying Water is supposed to pass through the Urinal passages, the more danger there is of breeding the Stone. I have bound him with his own chain, to this conclusion, that Scarbrough has in it a Lapidescent juice. They are fetters of brass, he can never break them asunder.  
He added (pag. 38.) a particular man's experience of such an one, specially as myself may be Fallacious. He mistakes, the Experiment I made of the Water, was the foundation-stone of my Position, my particular experience did but confirm it; therefore, I say, an Experiment agreeing with the Experience, not of one, but of many, cannot be Fallacious: he heard me (p. 35.) protesting to the world, both as to myself, Patients, and Relations it was so.  
I shall now be more particular to convince him and others, that it was not my experience only, that Scarbrough Spa is bad for the Stone.  
Mr. William Beckwith never had any symptom of Gravel, until he used Scarbrough Water, which he observed, did give him Fits of Stone, and therefore he gave it over, and since betook himself for Knaisbrough. Mr. John Aton came to Scarbrough by mine advice, he did commend the Water for its purging property, but it gave him a touch of his old distemper the Stone, of which he was cured perfectly at London fifteen years before; and never from that time, till he drunk Scarbrough, had he the least remembrance of it; this did so affright him, that he durst not drink any more of these Waters.  
Mrs. Johnson of Kiblesworth, came to Scarbrough, by mine advice, for prevention of the Fits of Gravel, she used sometime to be afflicted with; after her return from thence, she had her Fits more frequently, and more violently; besides, as the Water dealt with me, so did it with this Gentlewoman. No sooner did the Stone pass out of one Kidney into the Bladder, but immediately she felt from the other Kidney, a darting pain strike into her great Toe, which made her halt for a fortnight after. She never in all her life time, had any fit of the Gout before, or since she left off drinking of Scarbrough.  
I shall but add one other instance expressed in a Letter to me, which I judge is as a remarkable one against Scarbrough Spa, as that of Mr. Waugh, to Dr. Witty, cited, (p. 60.) is for it.  
Mr. Wilmer of Bow, near London, being afflicted with the Stone, comes to Scarbrough in (70.) to drink the Water; his Wife (being with him) was pleased to drink of it also for company, though she was never subject to the Disease in the least; after she had drunk it two or three weeks, they both return to York, and within two days, she fell into such a violent fit of the Colic and Stone (with almost a total suppression of Urine) that many hours she almost dispaired of life; but by the use of good remedies, she voided a good quantity of Sand of Gravel; some bits as big as great pins heads, and wondered at such a surprisal; for she said, she never had a fit of Stone before, in all her life, and thought the Spa water had bred it; well, after some week's recovery, she went up to London, and then she had another dangerous fit of the Stone again, which had like to have cost her life, but by the help of two Physicians there, she got quit of two or three Stones; one of which was as big as an ordinary Almond, which still confirmed her belief, that the Spa had made them; well, the next year (71.) she came again with her Husband to Scarbrough, and brought those stones to show Doctor Witty, resolving not to drink any more, unless the Doctor gave assurance the Spa had not occasioned them. Being over-persuaded by the Doctor to drink again, in a few days trial, she fell the third time into such a desperate fit of it, for several days, that her Husband and Children, bemoaning her, thought verily she would have ended her days there; this I was an eye-witness of, as to the first part; the rest was a relation to me from her own Mouth this last Summer. Henry Wilkinson.  
He is proving (pag. 39) that Scarbrough, cannot breed the stone, because it expels them. That it expels them, it was confessed, but the inference denied in the place before cited.  
He argues, Scarbrough cannot be either the material, or efficient cause of breeding stone; not the material cause of stone, because that must be Crass matter, but the Spa is a pure water; ergo.  
As pure as it looks, if all the Sand and Clay in it, were put in his eyes, he would then see 'tis otherwise.  
But for him to affirm that Crass matter, is the material cause of stone, is no less than a gross mistake. Spirit of Urine, mixed with pure Spirit of Wine, they both do coagulate together into a firm Salt: Fermented Urine distilled, before half be comed over, there is found all about the sides of the receiver, a Sabulous matter: Sat namque constat, says Helmont, delithiasi, (p. 683.) quoth in lotio humano (etiam sanorum) semper sit proxima materia invisibilis, & semen add duelech. But if Doctor Witty be willing to learn, and can understand Helmont well, he may be informed by that Author, how stones are bred in our Bodies.  
Vbi Spiritus Vrinae invenit volatile non coagulatum coagulabile tamen (quia terreae indolis) suum exserens coagulum, constringit eandem aporrhaeam in terram; consercisque viribus utrimque, fit nova creatura, quae est nativitas duelech, Helmont. (p. 687.)  
The efficient cause of stone it cannot be, because it is cooling, for says he, Thus the stones are bred, the fiery heat of the Reins, and circumjacent parts, condueeth some Crass matter into Gravel and Stone; even as Potter's Clay is by heat, hardened into a stone. Who will blot Paper to tell him how Helmont has confuted this irrational opinion, which is contrary to the judgement of Hypocrates, Sennertus, and with him all Modern Authors, that has not put their Thumbs under Galens Girdle; yea, contrary to the experience of all afflicted with that distemper; who can feel that Stone and Gravel causeth the heat in the Reins, and circumjacent parts, and not the heat of them causeth the Stone; in as much as they find, if ever the petrifying Spirit be extinct and gone, they are never more troubled with any preternatural heat in those parts, than others that know not what fits of Stone meant.  
If heat were the cause, sine quâ non, of Gravel and Stone in the Kidneys; how easily were it, by the Galenical method, to prevent it for ever; a little Vng. Populeon, or refrigerous Galeni, would do the feat. I would know of him, how it comes to pass, that there are great stones bred in the Bladder so frequently; suppose heat were there, as much as in a Potter's Furnace, it could not harden Crass matter into stone there; because the water continually coming thither, would keep it moist. Again, how could stones be bred by heat in the hollow of the Lungs, as in Mr. Proctors case, which continually sucks in cooling Air. How comes it to pass that old men, quatenus, such are more subject to stone, than others of middle age. Thou seest that Dr. W. in his description of the stone, is of the question both as to matter and form.  
But says he, Our Author accuseth it as a material cause. I accuse Scarbrough to breed the stone, both as a material and efficient cause.  
He goes on, perhaps, I might be beguiled in taking up Sand with the Water, which made me look upon it as an inseparable adjunct of the Water. What a wearisomeness is it, to answer such trifling words? why did did not the Dissector, before he fell on his work, try the water by boiling it? and than if he did not find a great deal of gretty stone powder at the bottom of the Vessel, he might have put his Whittle to my throat, and said to me, Tonstall thou liest; perhaps, indeed, he did try it, but we hear not a word of that.  
But he further urgeth, (p. 42.) All Mineral Waters will let fall something to the bottom, called Ochre; yet Learned Writers, on the subject, never thought the worse of them. I know Allom waters will let fall its Glebe, as Vitrioline do their Colcothar, neither do I think the worse of them for it. The Spa at Malton does so, which is an Allom water. If Scarbrough were as innocent as this, Doctor Witty, and I, should soon agree together. I declare and publish, that I have Experimented this Water, as I did that at Scarbrough; and it lets fall no gretty stone powder to the bottom: Hereby Doctor Witty is plainly confuted in two things.  
First, That I picked a quarrel with Scarbrough, only for by-ends, and out of a mean design, to draw Patients from thence to Knaisbrough. If I had been so basely Spirited, I would not have told him thus much of Malton, which he confesses (p. 201. first Edition) To be of like virtue, and in operation, as quick and strong, as that at Scarbrough. Here let him set up, and if he can bring the Patients from Knaisbrough, to him thither, I shall not complain.  
Secondly, He is confuted by this also, that it is a peculiar fault in Scarbrough, as it is a petrifying water, not as an Allom water, that it casts a gretty stone powder to the bottom in the boiling.  
Yet another evasion. Doctor Witty relates, a notable Experiment shown before several persons of quality, I wonder, I met not with it in his Letter at large to the R. S. Two quarts of Spa water, passeth through the filter, whilst it is cold, cleaverly, leaving not a grain of Sand behind; and thence he infers, that if they drink the water unwarmed, it will, he doubts not, pass through the Body as easily, leaving no dregs behind, as it did in the filter. I'll set another Experiment against this, dissolve Pearl (prepared with Sp. of Venus) in springing water, filter it, and it shall go all through, not leaving a grain behind. Were it true, therefore, that this Pearl-water, would so pass through the Body, as it did the filter, then save but the Lady's water that drank it, and we may find the Pearl again, and that an hundred times over. If Swelfer were alive, he should thank Doctor Witty, who by this Experiment would prove, that his Spir. veneris, is tantum non, the liquor Alkahest.  
He endeavours, again, to put by the force of this Argument, by affirming, (pag. 43.) Though the fire make a separation of the gross parts of the water, from the pure, yet the natural heat in the Bowels doth not so when we drink it; but the water passeth through the body, as pure as we put it into our mouths: His first proof is, a most impertinent instance, of the blood which is flued in our veins, yet exhaled on the fire, it will be thick like Starch.  
Let Doctor Witty, who is a Master of Secrets (yet will tell me none) take the liquor Alkahest, and first digest the blood with it, than set it on the fire, and he will see that all the blood will be exhaled, and no thick matter left behind.  
He considers not, that the different parts of our body, are endued with divers Functions; 'tis the faculty of the veins and arteries (quam diu custodes bene se habent) to circulate the blood, which also evaporates through the pores, without separation of any Sediment, or caput mortuum, because of the natural Alkahest that resides there; 'tis the faculty of the bowels, by the Ferments there, to make separation betwixt pure and impure, and to leave a Sediment, and Nature's caput mortuum, to be cast forth as an Excrement.  
His second instance, like the former is, That Sack put on a hot fireshovel, will leave a white Sediment, but passes well through our bodies. In Sack there is a Volatile Sulphur and Salt, duly contemperated, which makes it so great a Cordial: Being cast on the Fire, these two Principles suddenly apprehends each other, and unites in, aliquid tertium, like Starch. Yet let him take the Tartar of Wine, which is the grossest part of it, and Volatilize it, as he is told in Quarcetan de medicine. prisc. Philos. cap. 6. And then put it upon a hot fireshovel, and it shall all evaporate into smoke, and leave nothing behind; so that his two instances serve nothing to his purpose, to show the different effects betwixt the heat of the Fire, and of our Bodies; but rather the difference of Functions, betwixt that in the Veins, and that in the Bowels; and the difference of Concretes, how some are volatile, and some are not. But if Doctor Witty would make Scarbrough Spa as parallel to Sack, as I have made it to the Dropping Well at Knaisbrough, we will all come and drink with him.  
But what needs all this trouble of Experiments? Doctor Witty hits the nail on the head, and drives it home at one blow; says he (p. 44.) A petrifying water is an excellent remedy against the Stone. Alas, poor Galen, Doctor Witty, has broken thine head at this one stroke; a word and a blow with him, will confute us both: remember what he said before of Galen; and is not this in him, crimen laesae majestis?  
Contraria Contrariis curantur,  
Says rational Galen.  
Similia Similibus curantur,  
Says Doctor Witty.  
Welcome good Sir, I am glad to see you shake hands with Paracelsus.  Sic saevis inter se convenit ursis. 
But he has Doctor Fuller, an Historians word for it, that a spring at Newenham Regis, a petrifying water, is sound to be very sovereign against the Stone; If so, then 'tis the best expedient in the world, to recover the credit of Scarbrough, for him to go thither this Summer, and when he has performed his Cures there, then to bring his observations under the hands of his Right Honourable, Right Worshipful, Reverend, and Well_beloved's. If he will not follow mine advice, I shall be on Galens side, against Doctor Witty, for all that Fuller reports of Newenham Spring, because I descry Scarbrough Spa, by reason of the stone powder in it; therefore he infers, I may as well cry down Pearl, Coral, Crab-eyes, Gasc-powder, all sorts of Precious Stones, as dangerous against the Stone; and we should use nothing, but the fiery hot Spirits of the Pseudo-Chymists, if Wise men, and Great Ladies would believe this doctrine. N. L. doubtless the Dissector has drunk too much of the hot, fiery Spirits of the Pseudo-Chymists, which has inflamed his brain, and made him rove at this rate. What says Wise Men, and great Ladies, to this Doctrine of his? seeing they take Pearl and Precious Stone-powder, they may as well take the Powder scraped off their stonewalls; as if there were no difference betwixt stones in the street, and Rubies; whereas they differ, toto coelo, as we say, distant in virtue from each other, as far as Heaven is from Earth. Hear that incomparable Philosopher, describing these Precious stones, and the common ones, Canon 172. Saxa verò & lapides, quia non tam ex verâ elementorum mixtione generantur, quàm ex Terra & Aquae concursu per exteriorem caloris & frigoris vim, quasi opus terreum & fictile, decoquuntur; propterea omnino stupescunt, à tenebrosâ frigentique terrae & aquae natura formam invalidam mutuati; de pretiosis lapillis & gemmis aliter sentiendum est, formas enim suas, à limpidissimus Coeli & solis fontibus hauriunt, ipsorumque corpora sunt purissime roris exuberati guttulae, coelestibus influentiis impregnatae ac veluti concrete Coeli lacrymae, unde plurimas sublimesque in se virtutes possident.  
As for Crab eyes and Claws, which are the Basis of Gascin powder, they are noble Alkalis, sweating all Acidities, and therefore good for the Stone, as I said before. As for Spar, it is a mark hasite of Lead, abounding with Volatile Sulphur and Salt, whereby it is very Diuretical, and therefore not only good for the Stone, as he mentions, but for the Dropsy also, which he might have found in Kirkerus, if he had read him for any other end, than to serve his turn in disputations. If Scarbrough Water has dissolved any one of these he mentions, I had been as just to commend it, as now in honesty, I dispraise it for the Stone.  
Once again he assaults the Battery, (p. 47.)  
'Tis impossible (says he) for such a gross substance as Sand (which suppose we grant to be in the Water) to pass through the capillar veins of the Mesentery & Emulgents, which it must do, before it come into the Kidneys to breed the Stone.  
He must needs be quarrelsome with others, who cannot be reconciled to himself; he said before, (p. 43.) He did not doubt but the water, nothwithstandiug the gross Sediment, which the fire, as a proper instrument, has discovered to be in it, would pass through, and penetrate our Bodies, and leave no dregs behind; now 'tis impossible it should be so.  
Again, observe what he said last, Mineral and Precious Stones, are good to expel Gravel and Stone out of the Kidneys: now he says, it is impossible they should get thither, through the Capillar Veins of the Mesentery; will he also be against Aristotle, and deny, that omnis actio est per contactum, or will his Medicines kill Diseases in the same manner (as the Gentleman told him, bragging how he had malled me) he had killed his Adversary, namely, before he came at him.  
A factum esse ad posse valet argumentum affirmatiuè; he might have read in Sennertus, that powder of Aniseed given to a Child, for wind of the Stomach, was found in the Child's Urine next day after. I shall tell him of bags of water, the skins whereof were as thick as the brim of an Hat, and before the water was drawn out of them, as big as his Head; these hanging upon the outward coat of the Bowels, came through into them, and was voided by siege. To give a reason how this could be (that it was so, I shall manifest in mine observations) take the Answer of Severine, in another case, Quod manifestas vias corporum in his & similibus Atomistis demonstare non possumus, excusamur Hippocratis authoritate. Qui consensum & conspirationem naturae ubique celebrat, affirmans nullam viam naturae difficilem, omnia patere etiam per ossa abscessus fieri. To confirm what Hypocrates says, I shall mention, how another vomited up, every morning, gross purulent matter, and sowas cleared of an Empyema, that lay above the Diaphragm, in the hollow of the Chest; whether by the translation of the matter into the Veins and Arteries, and so bringing it to the Stomach, or by what other secret ways, Nature did perform this, let the Learned discuses; but that it was so, I shall evidence hereafter.  
A Servant of the Lord Sinklers in Scotland, tormented with a Stone in his Kidneys, after he had lain about half a year, the Stone came through his Back, into the bed, leaving no wound by its passage, the man recovered.  
He proceeds, Nor ever was any such thing (as Sand and Clay) found or suspected to be in the Spa, till this, our Author, fancied it.  
More shame for the Dissector to boast of his practice at Scarbrough, near thirty years, and all the while not to learn the skill, to separate the Sand and Clay from the Salts in the Water. And is it not a pretty fancy of him, to say of that which my hands have handled, mine eyes have seen, I fancied it.  
Another evasion follows, But (the Sand and Clay, must of necessity be thrown by the purging property of the water into the Bowels, where no harm, nor manner of detriment can ensue, and so go out by siege.  
If the Water be drunk, it must of necessity be thrown into the Bowels, whether the Water purge, or not purge; and being there obstruct by the Sand and Clay in it, both the Ductus Pancreaticus, and Cholidochus, if not, petrifie their juices; for the Faeces of the water going out by siege, it is but his fancy in this place; for hereafter he declares they stay behind, notwithstanding that the water purgeth well all the while.  
Yet again, Nor did ever any thing happen upon the drinking of these waters, that could afford any the least ground of jealousy, that there was any such cause, notwithstanding his pretences.  
This is a loud untruth (with this aggravation upon it) contrary to his own knowledge, as will be made appear, in (p. 96.)  
The Dissector tired a little with his work, to divert himself, and the Reader, makes a Digression, (p. 48.) To tell first of the Nature of Stone, and then of the Generation of Stones, says he, It is a point of no small difficulty, that I am now fallen upon; Fallopius his definition, he likes not, but leaves it to others to give better. But this is observable, that the more pure and fine, the matter of any stone is, the harder it is; by this rule, flint is of purer matter than Pearl. So much for that Point.  
But the Generation of Stone is still more difficult, they are not all Originally water, because they are not all pellucid, nor all of earth, for than none should be pellucid; besides, they are heavier than Earth, and yet dryer, which may not be granted. The best account we can give is, that every sort of stone has its stony juice, before it be Concrete, and that Concretion is furthered sometimes by cold, and sometimes by heat. This is the sum of his Digression. I shall say nothing to him, only a word to the Learned, and Industrious Naturalist.  

Kircher forbear thy sighs, and wipe thine eyes,  
Weep not to see him thus Epitomise  
Thy Subterranean Treasures, since we see,  
It's all the difference 'twixt him and thee.   
There are also stones generated in men's Bodies, by the immoderate heat of the parts condensing Crass matter, (even as Clay is hardened to a stone, in the Potter's Furnace, so he said before, p. 41.) For instance, he tells of a Stone, as hard as a Flint, which would strike fire on a steel, cut out of a man's Buttock, at Doncaster; you will say, how came the immoderate heat so to that part, as to condense Crass matter to that extreme hardness? I'll tell you, either he was one of the Dissectors ill Boys, when he taught School at Hull, and therefore got his Breech overheated, when he was young; or else the man being too much delighted with pastime, did play too long in the Winter nights, at the sport we call hot-hand.  
He proceeds to a rare Spring in France, that in 24 hours' time, by placing Timber, and then pumping water upon it, they may have a complete Stone-bridge, made by petrifaction. Faber endeavouring to give a reason for it, he tells him, he had as good have said nothing. Now hear something to the purpose, 'tis thus, The true cause, says he, must be this, that this whole Matter that runs out of the Spring, is a Lapidescent juice, and not water. Thus he contradicts the definition, which Kircher gives of Succus Lapidificus. I demand therefore what he means by it, if it be not Saxum nitrosum aqua eliquatum; I do suppose, like as he learned from the Potter, how stones are bred in our bodies, so here he is taught by the Grape-gatherers, how these stone-bridges come to pass, viz. as the juice of Grapes runs out of the Wine-presses in France, so here the juice of Stones runs out of the Spring, which as soon as it ceases to move, immediately it hardens.  
Thus also the Dissector has turned the Royal Society topsie turvy; their Art is to imitate Nature; he will have Nature to imitate Art, both in the Potter's Furnace, and the Wine Press.  
Page 54.55.56. He is describing Knaisbroughs Dropping Well, for which he received satisfaction before.  
The Marginal Note, (pag. 57) A rare case of help in the Stone. He mentions me, that was helped into a Fit of the Stone by drinking of it; and he is so fond of his Brat, a pretty similitude (to which I gave answer, (p. 34. of my Book) that he repeats it here again. The dispute was, where the Thief lurked; I said in Scarbrough Spa. The stone-filings I discovered, and by Anatomy ferreted him out. Doctor Witty was studying above twelve months, how to requite me for so doing; his answer came out at last, the design whereof is to hid this Thief, if it were possible, from the eyes of others. A Receiver, we say, is worse than a Thief; justly therefore was he set in the Pinfold; but seeing he threatens either to creep through, or over-top it, I have now bound him in a Chain, and clapped him up in close Prison. As for the Thief itself, I have delivered it to the Judges (the Royal Society) if they will not condemn it, yet I have discharged the part of an honest man.  
In case Doctor Witty be troubled, with the overflowing of his Gall at this, let me dissuade him from drinking any more Scarbrough water, for it is very bad for the Jaundice.  
He proceeds (p. 59) against my fourth Argument, endeavouring to overthrow it by contrary instances; he produceth one I know not, the other I do, Mr. George Waugh, who continues still with bad Fits of the Stone; but we have not a word of this.  
He thinks fit, (p. 61.) to insert a story, as old as Paul's, however I thank him for his good will; sorry he is, that I should come under the knife again, and be cut for the Stone; therefore he will teach me a cure from the casualty of the knife halft, lying upon the Radish root, which being made of a Stone taken out of the Bladder, melted away considerably. His inference upon this that happened by the Radish, Helmont has pulled up by the roots, showing how the power of such vegetable dissolvents is enervated, before they come where the Stone is, by the ferments of concoction.  
(Pag. 63.64.) He mentions Mr. Proctor's case I spoke of, and Catechiseth Doctor Neale, that did advise him to Knaisbrough, to whom I refer the Dissector.  
He gave out before, that I placed the petrifying property of Scarbrough, in Nitre, and manfully beat the Air about it; now he understands me better, 'tis in the stone perticles, saith he (p. 64.) But how come these to be found in Scarbrough? Thus, the fire in the boiling of the water, does condense some fixed parts of the Minerals, and Metalline substances (even so said the Parson, that Tenderden Steeple was the cause of Goodwin Sands) however, yet exceeding short of that proportion that he mentions. I wonder he should say so, what need of extenuating the matter thus? if it be not plain Sand, but only the Mineral and Metalline Substances, what worse is Scarbrough's water for them? though they were exceeding above the proportion, that I mentioned; nor indeed, is it worth the enquiring; what is his Book worth then, which he entitles an Answer? Surely not the Reading. For if he have not enquired into mine Experiment, of Scarbrough Spa, and upon trial found, that 'tis false, either as to the thing, or to the proportion of it, his whole discourse is impertinent, as indeed it is, save only, that it serves to illustrate what I have said of Scarbrough.  
Observe now his pitiful shufflings, to make the Sand, found in Scarbrough, an innocent thing, and but that which is common to all waters.  
His first Argument.  
Mr. boil, in his Ninth Experiment (p. 390.) says, that distilled Rain-water, left at the bottom a fine white Earth; the Dissector, according to his wont manner of dealing, with all Chemical Authors, abuses this noble person, reporting of him, That he sound there a quantity of Sand, as a bottom Sediment. His second Argument, would throw Sand and Clay that is in Scarbrough, into all the Spaws in Europe; such, says he, there is in Bourbon Spa; his proof for it is, the Lord Faulconbridge shown him the Minerals of it; his Lordship told me, they were pure Mineral Salts, extracted out of the Spa; he goes on, Epsam, Tanbridge, Barnett, has the like Sandy Sediment. If this charge of his be not true, then let the Physicians, who attend at those Waters, return the Dissector the thanks he deserves for reproaching them. If it be true, let them give me better reasons than he has done, why they are not petrifying, notwithstanding they have dissolved stones. Knaisbrough water, upon my own knowledge, says he, after evaporation, yields a great proportion of Sand and Day. I distilled a quart of it last year, and there was not one grain of Sand at the bottom, only ten grains of a Colcothar, which I have to show; yea, Doctor French, saith he, (p. 66.) in his Book of Knaisbrough, confesseth it; his words are these, The water being evaporated, leaves behind it an insipid powder, of a darkish colour, like unto which powder, will that bluish cream, or skin, which swims upon the said water after long standing be, when it is dried French, p. 69. what pretty Hocus Pocus tricks are here? every Spa after evaporation, has its proper Sediment, suitable to the Minerals it has dissolved. Scarbrough Sediment is Sandy, because it has dissolved Stone: The Dissector by the Art of Legerdemain, would make all the Sediments of Spaws, whatsoever, to appear the very same with Scarbrough, when no waters in the world has the like, except those only that are petrifying.  
He citys Faber, who speaks in words to the same purpose, as Dr. French said before, which is true of all Vitrioline waters; but it seems any inspid Earth or Ochre, is Sand with Doctor Witty, he makes no difference.  
I found by Experiment, that Scarbrough has a Sandy Sediment, and therefore to return upon the Dissector his own words, (p. 67.) Either he did not know this, when he writ his Book of Scarbrough, or he did; If he had not known it, than it betokens ignorance in that part of Philosophy, wherein he ought, especially, to have been better instructed; if he did know it, and yet goes about to buzz it into the heads of the vulgar, That Scarbrough water has no other Faeces, than insipid Earth, common to all waters, it savours still worse, as coming from the Crackfart of Scarbrough Spa.  
Page 68 to 72. He frisks it away, as if he were making a third Edition of Scarbrough, declaring, that it sharpens the Appetite, making them eat like Farmers; it has been better expressed, like Seamen, for doubtless, the Sea air is a good whetstone to it, as any that walks near it on the Sands, will find, though they drink no Water; but why doth he apply this as an answer to me? show where I quarrel with Scarbrough upon this account. To what I said, (pag. 27.) of the Sand and Clay in Scarbrough, cleaving to the Bowels, Dr. Simpson is put upon these remedies and cautions, to prevent the mischief thereof. First, He prescribes a Vitrioline Vomit, which doth strengthen the stone of the Bowels; the Relaxation whereof renders them susceptible of a stony Incrustation, from the Sabulum of the water, whereby they become the cause of all those Diseases that happen by drinking the Water.  
Secondly, He prohibits immoderate exercise, and too soon eating after the Water, lest the lattex, wherein the Sabulous matter is dissolved, be thereby in danger to be carried by the Thoracical Vessels, into the fourth digestion of the Heart, and thence into the habit of the body, whereby it may lay a foundation for the Gout, Stone, Scurvy, Fever, etc.  
Thirdly, After the two or three days drinking Water, he adviseth Purging Pills, and to rest a day or two after, from taking the Spa Water; and that to prevent a sudden precipitation of the strong matter, upon the Panicles of the Intestines, after their abstertion or cleansing by the former Solutine. When all this is said and done, he is is said and done, he is not peremptory in his dictates, but concludes, if any, who are inclined to the Stone and Gout, be jealous of drinking the Water, in case his prescribed method do not satisfy, than he commends the Essence of Scarbrough Spa, which is a Salt depurated from all the Stony Concretions that are in the water. These he supposeth will become powerful against all those Diseases, whose Seminaries consist in a Sabulous petrifying property, as the Stone, Gout, Jaundice, etc. The Dissector likes not such plain and honest dealing, and therefore, he says, Dr. Simpsons' Answer, in the Judgement of Learned men (such as himself) deserves nothing, but to be employed in the most homely uses. You may gather what he means by it, saving your presence; well, If any answer be but like that, I have lost my labour; Parturiunt montes, I shall bring forth his reply, 'tis this (p. 73.) Hard words indeed, enough to fright Children; but they that are wise, will not be startled with Bugbears; the cause, and the effect, are much alike; the truth is, 'tis nothing more than a frivolous conceit, and not worthy to be replied to. To be homely with him, I judge an Oyster woman at Billingsgate, will give as satisfactory an answer as this.  
The Resty Jadish Fit that Scarbrough Spa takes after sometimes drinking, I demanded, (p. 25.) If it were the manner of other waters to do so? he Answers, Yes, I can tell him, that Knaisbrough water, will not go through, at any time, in ordinary bodies, unless it be drawn, or driven.  
Suppose this calumny were true, what is it to the purpose? Knaisbrough purgeth by Urine, as all Vitrioline Waters do; and this it doth effect so long, as any please to drink on't. How can the Dissector then charge it, with a Resty Jadish Fit? when was it observed, that after it had wrought well this way with any, it afterwards stopped, and would not pass by Urine, but swell the Belly, and bring upon the Patiented such Evils, which the Dissector himself acknowledgeth Scarbrough will do. See then this impertinent Tattle, yet thus he boasteth, I am certain no water in the world, that I read of, is less guilty of this Resty Fit, than Scarbrough; for proof he citys Dr. Heer, of the German Spa, confessing that those that drink it, have scarce one stool in six days, even such as were wont to retriograde once every day at home. Doth not these words, and the matter for which he citys them, agree as an Harp, and an Harrow? Here gives the reason whereof, Humoribus aquarum vi ad renes & vesicam delatis sicci ora fieri intestina, atque alvum inde pigrescere necessarium est, (p. 138.) This is the Dissectors reasoning Knaisbrough, and the Germane Spa purgeth by Urine, and not by stool; therefore they are more to be blamed, for taking a Resty Jadish Fit, than Scarbrough is. The account why Scarbrough alone is guilty of this, amongst all the Spaws in the world in use, (that I read of) is, 'tis both a purging and a petrifying Water; the purging property, takes effect presently, and proceeds on regularly, until the petrifying property prevail, and then all the water stops, which of necessity it must do, being damned up with Sand and Clay; which the water left behind in the Bowels, after so long a time drinking. Of like insignificancy is his parallel of Diet-drinks, which as soon as they have purged away that, for which they were given, are of no further use. The instance I gave for this Resty Jadish Fit of Scarbrough, the Dissector gives this Answer (p. 750.) As for the Lord he mentions, I know whom he means, that Lord told me, he could never get quit of him, till at length he yielded to take something of him. That the Reader may be assured once for all, that the Dissectors whole discourse is fraught, as full of untruths, as 'tis of impertinencies, and witless stories; let this instance bear witness, the Lord Pawlet, Brother to the Marquis of Winchester, made his complaint to me, as I mentioned, (p. 25. of my Book) I knew the cause was from the dirty Faeces of the Spa that laid in his Bowels, and therefore the Essence I judged most proper for him, because it is a Salt that was separated from the Sand and Clay, and would upon that account, easily join with those in his Bowels, to cleanse them off, with which they were once united in the water. The ground of this apprehension is both agreeable to Atomical Philosophy, in respect of the sutableness of their Textures, and to all Experiments of Chemistry.  
His Lordship being satisfied with the reason I gave, desired to take it, and therefore I went with him under the Penthouse, and in the presence of the Dissector, put it to his Spaw-water, which made the Dissector to grumble, saying, There was nothing in that essence, but Allom and Nitre. I smilled to hear him commend it in those words, which he uttered, to make his Lordship undervalue it. There is nothing more in the Spa, but Allom and Nitre, except Sand and Clay, and that is the excellency of the essence that 'tis well quit of them.  
That afternoon his Lordship sent his Servant to desire my company, when I came, he gave me thanks, and told me, he believed, he had purged that day, all the water he had drunk in three or four days before; which lay so heavy upon him, that he was sick, and ill at ease with it. I neither asked, nor received a Farthing of his Lordship; I have therefore mentioned his name, that if he be alive, he may do me right; his Honour is concerned to acquit me of the Dissectors opprobrious aspersion; I hate to be an Interloper. Such is the manner of some Physicians, that one cannot come near them, but they will cleave like a Burr, which you cannot get quite off, without pulling some wool off the back; such are Mendicants, more than Mendicants, they'll Lackey it up and down, proffering their service, where 'tis neither needed nor desired.  
Such low designs I leave to the Dissector, whom I observed to be too nimble for the Drummer of Scarbrough; though he, poor man, made all the haste he could, to bid their Worship's welcome to the Spa.  Turpe est doctori cum culpa redarguit ipsum. 
He complains (p. 76.) That of all the Authors, who have given rules for drinking Spaw-waters, none ever met with such contradiction, and wresting of their sense, as he has from me; this reason, for his severe charge is; I make another use of his rule, than he intended it; for 'tis granted, he shown more honesty than wit, therefore, to mention it; his rule is, (p. 211. second Edition) When such, and such Evils come upon the Drinkers of the Water, than it is high time wholly for them to desist. I enquired into the ground of this rule, and it could be no other, than his own observation. Experience had taught him, that though for some time, his Patients found benefit by the Waters, yet by longer continuance of drinking, they found such harms, which put him upon giving his Rule: This evil (it may be supposed) he did not so much as suspect to be in the Water; I told him it was, and that from the Stone and Day Faeces that was in it; wherein now, am I blame worthy for this? nay, I'll say more, he mentions Dr. Heer, Dr. Dean, Dr. French, Dr. Roosly, giving their Rules for drinking water; let him show me, amongst these Authors, any such Rule, as this of his, which I have taken notice of, and I will cry peccavi.  
He wonders (p. 77.) that I should call the Salts, extracted out of the Spa, an offence, thereby excluding the grosser parts (Sand and Clay) which are in the Water from being Essential to it, any more than the body, which is of a grosser substance than the Soul, should be excluded from being the essential part of man. I wonder, also, why the Dissector should thus plead, to have these dirty Faeces essential to the Spa; but I'll remove this Mountain, that he may no longer marvel at it. Impurities of any mixed body, are not essential to it; they supervened upon the earth, when it was cursed for sin, and are by Art, as a natural effect, in some good measure separable from it; therefore we call that the Essence of a thing, which contains the whole Crasis of the subject matter, nothing wanting there from, but its impurities, properly termed a caput mortuum. If the body be nothing else, but a caput mortuum, to a man, it might then be accounted no essential part of him, most likely the Dissectors upper parts, give only a—  
He argues again, If the Salt be the only Essence, than it will follow, that Knaisbrough water has little or no Essence, because it has little or no Salt in it.  
Even so do blind men judge of Colours, as if what is the Essence of the one Spa, suppose Scarbrough, must be the Essence of the other at Knaisbrough, or else it has none. Salts extracted, are the Essence only of Saline Waters; such are Scarbrough, Sulph. well, and Bourbon, the Essence whereof, the Lord Faulconbridge showed to the Dissector.  
But says he (p. 78.) The Volatile Spirits are Essential to all sorts of Spaw-waters, and if it were not for these, Knaisbrough Spa were not worth a rush. He has more confidence, than skill of Spaw-waters, to say so: He confesseth in his Letter to Doctor Foot, Printed in the Translations of the Royal Society, that he could not meet with Tachenius; it seems he is at the same loss still, which makes him so peremptory. The Generality of Spaws are Acid Waters. Acid Spirits, we know by experience, are not so Volatile, as to lose the least of their virtues, by standing open in the Air, though for a long time; but the Spaws, that are Acid Waters, do lose their virtue, in a few days, out of the Fountain, though never so close stopped up in Bottles; we may therefore necessarily infer from hence, that it is not from the Volatility of their Spirits, that their virtue is so soon vanished and gone, but from another most rational account; for which I refer him to the Author he has not seen. The worth and excellency of Scarbrough Spa is, that an Embrionate Sulphur, has corroded Iron in it, which makes it Stomachical, Deopilative, Diuretical, and strengthening all the noble parts. A fig for the Dissectors Volatile Spirits here, they are not worth a rush.  
He doth still persist (p. 79.) in persuading us to put forth our eyes, and blindly to believe him, that the Sediment which we see to be Sand and Clay, is nothing else than the fixed parts of Minerals or Metals, which the fire condenceth, and that these are of a singular use to the fortifying of the Natural parts.  
The fire condenceth the Minerals, by exhaling the water, so far from them, that they settle into Crystals, which, nevertheless, will dissolve again in Water, and pass all through the filter, not leaving the least atom behind; if these Faeces then be, what he says they are, why will not they pass the filter? which he confesses will not. Minerals than they are not; for Metals, he tells us of none in Scarbrough, but Iron. If that were it, why did he not, when he presented his seven or eight Extracts to the R. S. tell them this is Iron, and if they approved on't, I should have yielded to him, that there is Vitriol in Scarbrough Spa; however, whatsoever they be, he says of them, that they fortify the Natural parts. I gather from hence, that the Dissector is of the Cartesian Sect, taking the body of man for a fine Engine, and therefore he, as a cunning Engineer, will fortify the parts with Sand and Clay, by the help of the Potter's Furnace, making a Bullwork about them, impregnable against all the storms and batteries of preternatural Diseases. The Lord Er. case which I mention, (p. 57) He confesses (p. 80.) frets him more, than all my Book beside. I wish him more patience for the future; He refers to (p. 149. Edit. 2.) here he is mounted into helmont's Enigmatical Chariot, glances, dark language, being of the same mind with him, not to have his meaning publicly known. I protest, in verbo Medici, 'tis an untruth, like the rest of his stories, to say, that I asked him again, and again, with very much importunity, whose case it was. My light burns dim; oh for a pair of Galenical Snuffers! the old man Hypocrates, his Spectacles, cannot help me to read; 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉, etc. What? pump me, and then tell abroad my Secret? I declare, he does me wrong, for I was never guilty of so much folly yet, as to pump for Wine out of a dry Hoggshead. But that I may give the Reader satisfaction, I shall give a true account of this matter. Whilst I was at Knaisbrough, the report came, that the Lord Er. went to Scarbrough to drink the Waters, and came home in the Jaundice, of which he shortly died. I said then to Dr. Neale (who was with me when this news was told) that certainly, Scarbrough water had some mischievous thing in it, for it was never heard of before, that any should take the Jaundice, which is founded on Obstructions, by drinking Spaw-waters that are deobstructive. This scruple against Scarbrough, I carried with me thither, and therefore the first time of my coming, I asked the Dissector how it came to pass, that the Lord Er. got the Jaundice, by drinking of the Water? he gave me the answer I mentioned in my Book. This is the truth, and the whole truth; I appeal then to the Reader, how I have deserved such language from him, as I did unworthily, the very Schoolboys will blame me for this. This is not done like a Physician, but you may understand like Knave and Rascal, by that long scratch.  
It seems, Secundae cogitationes sunt meliores, he is now provided of a better answer, than he gave me at the first; Nor had the Lord Er. any Jaundice, but a Cachexy which he brought with him.  
He comes now (p. 83.) to the Alderman's case I mentioned, (p. 40.) His position is, That no man can call a Disease the Jaundice, if it appear not in the skin. This he would prove from the definition Galen makes of the Jaundice, to whom, he says, agrees all the Princes of Physic; yea, that Hypocrates and Helmont, they will let me see, the Jaundice is not to be judged, without it do appear in the skin. I said in the entrance of this Book, that the Dissector wanted one eye; by reason of the thick darkness that is continually in his Library (if he have any) he could not see the light of Chemistry, how Transplendently it doth brighten the Art of Physic; he now gives evidence against himself, that he is a Monoculous upon a worse account; he wants the eye of reason, and will therefore judge diseases only by the eye of sense. And because he reigned a Monarch, at Scarbrough, thirty years, persuades himself, Regali more, that all other Physicians will wink of one eye at him, for fashion sake. If this that he hath said of the Jaundice, be granted, thence it will follow, that the Small Pox, which is a Disease that diffuseth through the whole body, into the skin, cannot be called, or judged to be what it is, till it make its appearance to the view of all the beholders. In this case, good Ladies, you must not send for the Dissector, when your Children are very sick, to ask him what they ail. Now, because he will not allow me to say I suspected, but brands it with a new way of discovery, and will make it alone, as if I had said, I sancied it. I shall here relate a sad story, how Eminent Physicians miscarried only, because they did not suspect My much Honoured Friend, a Baronet in Yorkshire, sent his Eldest Son to the Inns of Court; being there, he falls sick, the Learned Doctors treated him as in a Fever, with cooling Juleps, Glisters, and letting blood, which was no sooner done, but that appeared, which they did not suspect, and the Patient shortly died. Several years after, the said Knight sent up his next Son, who was now his Eldest; he also fell sick there, and the Doctors treated him also in like manner; and immediately there was the same appearance of Pox, as in the former, which they also did not suspect, and he also shortly died.  
As to the Jaundice, by this position of his, grounded upon Galens definition, Icterus est effusio bilis in Cutem; he has confuted himself, for he affirms, that the Lord Er. had not the Jaundice, nor the Merchant's Wife (whose case next followeth) notwithstanding the choler did diffuse into the skin abundantly, where it did appear, witness to all that see them; this is not the first time that the Dissector has contradicted Galen and himself both; but to return to the Alderman, faintness at Stomach, Lassitude over the whole body and stools (in those that use not a Milk-diet) white, not tinctured with Gall, are symptoms, sufficiently warranting us to suspect a Jaundice, though it did not appear in the skin; yea, the danger and greatest pain and torment in this disease, befalls the Patient generally, before the effusion of choler into the skin. Mrs. R. of Newcastle, (whom I mention in my observations) was racked and torn, nigh to death, for many days, whilst there was no appearance, either in the Urine or Skin; in the same manner was the Merchant's Wife handled, but as soon as the Choler got liberty to expiate into the habit of the body, both of them had ease. Miserable Comforters are all Physicians therefore, that cannot judge of this disease, before it appear in the skin; as to the Alderman, those three Symptoms, Faintness at stomach, Lassitude white stools appeared in him. Now hear his own words to Doctor Witty, the Copy of which Letter, I have by me; I consulted Doctor Tonstal, and another Physician, as formerly, and they agreed it was the Symptom of the Jaundice; thereupon I took a Jaundice drink, by the direction of another person, and the Essence of steel by order of Doctor Tonstal, which I suppose is his Chalybeate, and Icterical drinks he mentions, which by God's Blessing, brought me to my former health and condition.  
What can be said more to satisfy any, but the Dissector, that I was not mistaken, in calling his disease a Jaundice, when besides the concurrent judgement of another Physician, that it was so,  
He was cured of it by a Jaundice drink, 'tis a Maxim that the best indication, both as to the Diagnosticks, and Therapeuticks, is taken from what doth good or harm. A juvantibus & nocentibus optimam sumi indicationem, says Heer de Spavans, (p. 115.) Let it be observed, that the Dissector, in Printing the Answer the Alderman sent him, he has not only clipped, but counterfeited his Coin. I appeal to the Learned, in the Law of Disputations, what he deserves for so doing; now take notice, what Spirit the Dissector is of, by these words, I wonder our Author did not consult better for his own reputation, in describing this Disease, like an Artist, especially in engaging in such a design as this, wherein he could not think to escape so unsifted, either by myself, or some other, (p. 84.) Again, the Jaundice he fancied, and that is all the sign we have of it; but since it appeared not, it gave him a ground of suspicion: I will leave it to any man of reason to judge, and especially to those of our faculty, (p. 85.) Again, 'tis well he cured, though he did not know what (p. 87.) In the case of the Merchant's Wife, he promiseth to evince, that I laboured under a grievous mistake, in reference both to my Diagnosticks, about the Disease, and also the Cure.  
To answer this unparallelled boast, first, I must seriously acknowledge the eminent hand of God, going along with me in this undertaking, when both the Mother, and Infant in her womb, were delivered from the stroke of death, ready to fall upon them several times; and let the Christian Reader consider, if the Dissector has done like a Brother of the Profession, or rather like a scoffing Ishmaelite, to sit in his Chair at York, and blaspheme this mercy, laughing at my Medicines he understands not, vilifying the success of them, he believes not, describing the disease he saw not, and Nick-naming me a Mountebank (but for that) I care not. I shall here present a Testimonial, signed with the hands of Husband and wife, and another Physician, who was also concerned in her.  
As we do acknowledge the goodness of God, derived to us, and our Family, upon several occasions, by the advice of Doctor Tonstall, which he was pleased to crown with success, so particularly, and most signally, in that case of the Jaundice, which befell my Wife, after her coming from Scarbrough, big with Child; she first complained of a weariness in her Legs, going up stairs; soon after, of a most grievous pain in her right side, Ointments, and Fomentations were applied, but did not allay it; yet as soon as she was blooded, she was at ease, and continued so three or four days; but then the same pain returned upon her again, which the second blooding did remove, as at first, for other three or four days; as soon as the trouble began the third time to threaten her, the Doctor advised her to a Vomit, being assured (as he said) that Choler only was the cause of all her grief; it wrought to satisfaction, procuring some mitigation of pain, yet did it afterwards increase upon her so, that the Doctor did propound, if she would admit of a third blooding, seeing she had experienced two times before, that it was a present relief to her; she consented willingly, and bore it without the least appearance of fainting; he than gave her his Elixir in Rhenish Wine, which in one, or two days time using, struck forth the Jaundice so visibly, that from the crown of her head, and all her body over, she appeared as Yellow, as ever eyes beheld any, and then her water (but never before) was of the same colour, and as thick as puddle; she never had the pain of her side, after the Jaundice appeared in her skin; neither had she, from first to last, the least degree of Fever, nor any Cough, or Spitting of Blood, that any could misjudge it for a Pleurisy, nor any Hickough, or Singultus, that might occasion any to fancy it the inflammation of the Liver; at this time, to her drink with Elixir, he added Millepedes and Jaundice Powder, which after fourteen days, reduced her to her former Complexion. She supposing herself well, desisted to use the drink any longer; the yellowness appeared again, he advised her to the Country air, and resuming the same Medicine, and chewing Rhabarb by his order, she did perfectly recover, and continued so, till she brought forth a Son, who also is in Health, and well liking, as any Child, of many, God hath blest her withal.  


William Hutchinson.  
Richard Hutchinson.  
Luke Hodgson. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉.    
The Mountebanks Medicine (as the Dissector is pleased to call it) that did the Feat is thus: R. Spirit of Nitre dulcified, with Spirit of Wine, Mercury calcined without a Corrosive, dissolved in Spirit of Venus, with these, after several Cohobations, make a Menstruum.  
With this Menstruum, make an Elixir Proprietatis; now let the Learned judge, if the Dissector deserve any other name, then that which he has put upon this Medicine. I know all he understands of it, is, that there is Spirit of Wine in it, and this (says he) is exceeding hot; now I dare tell him, that here the Spirit of Wine is mixed only, and on purpose to refrigerate; which office of cooling it doth perform, by sweetening the fiery Acid Spirit of Nitre, which is hereby meekned, the Acute edge dinted, and reduced to such a Texture of parts, as is agreeable to our constitution; insomuch, that of this dulcified Spirit, one may take a spoonful, in a convenient Vehicle, at once; which who shall attempt to do with Spirit of well rectified Nitre undulcifyed, shall find the Archaeus incensed, a burning and corrosion in his Stomach and Bowels.  
I hope this much will suffice to satisfy the Reader, that the Dissector is not a competent judge of my Medicines; but that I may for ever throw this opprobrious term upon his face.  
I shall take leave to digress, thereby to show how another Mountebank Medicine did the Feat (taken in a glass of Sack twice a day) when neither he, nor others more Learned than himself, could do any thing towards the recovery of their Patient, though all of them proceeded with her, Secundùm Artem, as they please to speak, even till they were so weary, that they gave her over for one past help; this was the case of Madam Ardington, of Ardington. I shall tell him again of a third Mountebank Medicine, taken also in a glass of Sack every morning, did cure an Empyem, causing the Child to vomit it up, every time she took the Medicine (though it was only cordial and strengthening the Archaeus) till all the purulent corrupt matter, that laid in her Chest, above the Diaphragm, was clear gone, and she perfectly well; it was the case of _____ Winchip of Chester.  
If the Dissector have such Mountebanks Medicines, he may do well to publish them.  
Let it be here noted, that there are many Diseases, called incurable, not because they are so, Ex natura rei, but that we Physicians are ignorant of Medicines, proportionable to them; and that if nature have meet assistance, it will act wonderfully, beyond our hopes and expectations.  
The Parent of this Child, would not consent to have the Intercostal Muscles pierced, thereby to let forth the purulent matter that lay in the Chest, which had distended the ribs, on that side, to a great height; though I told him, it was the only way in practice to cure it; yet he desired me to try what inward Medicines would do, and the Lord made them successful.  
I shall mention another instance for proof hereof. A Gentlewoman had a Tumour under the Muscles of the Abdomen, the rise of it, supposed to be from hard labour in Childbearing; it increased in bigness yearly, that at last she had no rest from pain of it; she than made a long journey to London, where she consulted two Learned Doctors, famous to the world for their Books in Print. After fourteen days proceeding in their rational method with her; finding no effect, they dismissed her, she making ready to return home, as she came, was by one, advised to consult an Ingenious Chemist, Doctor Poleman, who by his Mountebank Medicines (for so the Dissector will have called, all the Medicines that are not found in London's Dispensatory) caused the humour that swelled to a lump, to pass by Urine; She observing his directions, was reduced to good health, and continues well; the Tumour is decreased, so that she has not trouble by it. This I mention as for the honour of that worthy person Dr. Poleman, so to let the Learned consider, that rational methods, and Chemical Medicines, do well together, and that the Dissector is like a Dog in the Manger.  
But to return to the Merchant's Wife, p. 89. He wonders how I could make the return of her pain, in the right side, three or four times over, a sign of the Jaundice. I answer, just as Dr. Preston told King James, the Hound makes a Syllogism, following the Hair to a place, where three ways met, the Dog smells, she is not this way, nor is she that way, therefore he casts up his nose, and concludes from the two Premises, that she is gone the third way without dispute, and there he finds her sitting. So in this case, there is a pain in the right side, that blooding removes for a time, but it returns still again. Where shall I find the Hair sitting, that has made so many doubles (as the Hunters speak) going forward and backward again? there are but three ways for it; the first a Plencise, I beat the Bush there, I found her not, for the Woman had no Cough. The second, An inflammation of the Liver, not there neither, for she had not a Fever, nor Singultus. Therefore the third way I took, and found her sitting in Vesica Bilaria, the Gall being there penned up by Obstruction, a Nitro Sulphurous humour; it acted like Gunpowder fired in a Squib, or Cracker, flying upward; a terrible do it makes, till it gets liberty to vent itself into the habit of the Body, as the Squib doth in the open Air, and then is quiet. Thus willing am I, to teach the Dissector, how to hunt out Diseases; but what do I say? all the Hounds in Hyde-park, has not the faculty of that sense, so quick as he, for he can smell, not only Vitriol in Scarbrough Spa, where no body else can find it, but as if his Nose were as long as his Ears, he can smell Diseases from Newcastle to York, and judge of them there, better than I can do here, that am daily conversant about them. For proof hereof, see how Magisterially he sits on the Seat of the Scornful; What have we to prove the Jaundice, why, nothing but his suspicion and jealousy, which I wonder he would offer now the second time to public view, (p. 60.) But I must confess, I cannot but laugh at his Medicine; the Disease was a violent Fever, with an acute pain in a part; and here is a violent Medicine, which must needs inflame the part more, and increase both the Fever and the Symptoms. And as if I had laid the petrifying property of Scarbrough water upon Nitre, which is nonsense to say, he proceeds, Besides, that Nitre in the Spa is suspected to have petrifyed the Gall, and congealed the Choler; and here Nitre is fancied to be the dissolvent. I am sorry, I am forced to point to these things, but I cannot avoid it, since they lie in my way; but really, it is such an Hodg-potch of Art, as I never met with before. I am afraid, my Friend will suffer more from his Brethren, in the faculty, about this Disease, and its Sign, Symptoms, and Cure expressed, than he did by the Woman, about so often bleeding, and vomiting this Gentlewoman.  
(Pag. 90.) Now he will have it an inflammation, and therefore, I should have consulted Hypocrates, for cooling, and opening Medicines; but it may be he will say, he does not approve of the old method that uses hot things in Fevers; it appears so indeed, in the mean time, that Patient is to be pitied, that must be so treated. I have had occasion to speak to this Point, in my answer to Dr. Simpson, and therefore I'll say no more now, since there is little danger of any young Students to become Proselytes to the Author that shall observe, either his description of Diseases, or the success of his Medicines. But as if he would recant his last Clause. (the success of my Medicines) Dr. Tonstall is to blame, for challenging to himself the Honour of this Cure, which was due to God alone; who beyond all hopes in defect of due means, does oftentimes grant a signal recovery, (p. 92.) It seems when the Dissector applies due means for cure, and the party recovers, the Honour is not then due to God alone, but he must go half with him in it; as for me, I disclaim all right and title there, and gives it to him, that works in us, both to will and to do of his own good pleasure. But yet, as if the Gentlewoman or the Child was dead, supposing I mistake the Disease, he is positive in this; If the Physician mistake the Disease, he must undoubtedly fail of the Cure: Though I grant this to be true, he contradicts himself, for in the Alderman's case, before he declares, I cured, though I did not know what. Again, (p. 95.) As he mistook in his Diagnosticks, or judging of the Disease, so I must in kindness to him, and his business for the future (if he will not accept it so) let him know that he was out of his Theraputicks, that Ternary Spirit of Wine, Nitre, etc. being as improper, as any thing he could have pitched upon. Thus, says he, I have sifted these three cases of the Jaundice, that is, by Lies and Tales, he has shifted them off as well as he could. But where will the Dissector find refuge, to excuse all this mallepert bitterness vented against me, only for doing my duty so well to this Gentlewoman, that she, and all her Relations, blesses God that did direct me in the performance of it; why, 'tis here I was told so, the very same answer, which in my hearing he gave to the Apothecary of York, charging him that he had Printed a Lie, to the reproach of Doctor Simpson in his practice; and that the Widow, whose Husband died, would take her Oath before any Magistrate, to witness as much.  
He now (p. 96.) to balance his charge against Scarbrough, that it occasions the Jaundice, as I have instanced in these three cases; he tells of two, that the Water cured of the same Disease: I shall here record another instance to like purpose, and then it will appear, that there is two to one on my side against the Dissector. Sir Watkinson Paler, troubled with Hypochondiack wind, consulted Doctor Witty, who advised him to drink Scarbrough for his Cure; he observed all his directions, as to Preparatives, order of drinking and Physic; such as he pleased to prescribe; notwithstanding all his strict observance of these rules, instead of a Cure by the Water, he contracted the Jaundice, and in such an height and manner, that it stayed with him all the Winter following, though he used means, all he could procure to resist it. Thus much I had from his own mouth, who came on purpose to Knaisbrough, to advise with me two years ago; ever since he makes use of the Sulphur Well there, to his advantage; and though the Dissector was so impudent, as to persuade him against his own experience, to return to Scarbrough last year, yet he is so wise, as to use it no longer, but continues in his resolution for Knaisbrough.  
Now (p. 97.) he takes in hand to Blow with my Heifer, telling a story of my Wife, wherein there is not one tittle of truth, more than that, she came to me at Scarbrough, as I had appointed her, before I came from Newcastle; and when she was come, one morning being on the Hill with the Ladies, I called her down, and when she came, I told the Dissector that she was my Wife, I bid her discourse with my Brother, so they walked together; to this day, I never asked her what he said or advised; having done it solely in point of Honour to him, as a piece of Civility, which one Brother owes to another, as to acquaint him with my Wife; She neither took Preparatives before, nor Physic with, nor after her Water, but stayed above a week, and returned with her Father, who came there for the Gravel and Stone, but will do so no more. As to the Marginal Note, That he is unthankful. I declare the contrary, for I thank God, she got not the harm by Scarbrough, which I did, yet he hath the face to make the world believe, that I sent for her thither, on purpose to take his advice.  
I grant what he says, (pag. 98.) That it is common for Scarbrough, to take down those that are Corpulent, by reason of the sharpness of the Salts in it; it is either good for that, or for nothing; but I deny his Inference, which says, it could not possibly be done, if it were obstructive; if it were only obstructive, his Inference were good; but who says so, Scarbrough it is purging also.  
He proceeds, (p. 99) Nor is there a better thing in Nature, for taking away the relics of all inveterate Agues. How can I believe this brag, when Mr. Tailor of York, his own Apothecary, was ordered by the Dissector, after his Ague Fits had left him, to come to Scarbrough, and drink water, who did so, and after the first days drinking, instead of taking away the relics of the Ague, it brought his Fits upon him again, and he was glad to return, whether more Wise man, he, or the Dissector that advised him thither, I leave the Reader to judge: This was told me, whilst I was at Scarbrough, by Mr. Taylor himself.  
He goes on, (p. 100) But I may not pass it over, that our Author was censured, and fell under the obloquy of the Women, concerning the Merchant's Wife; yet I thank him, he says, I do indeed, take him to be an honest Man, and faithful Physician. It seems, if I had not been so then, I had escaped both his and their obloquy; yet what I said in my just defence, he says, It savours too much like that of a Pharisee. p. 102.  
I shall here show you the Dissectors fair outside profession, that by the sequel it may appear, whether he or I be more like an Hypocrite, the true note of a Pharisee, says he, (p. 125.) As I desire in all all things to be found faithful, as becomes me, either as a Physician or a Christian, so in this dispute, I aim not so much at Victory as Truth. Here then is truth unquestionable.  
First Truth, Scarbrough Water has Stone-powder in it, leaving it in Sand at the bottom of the Vessel when 'tis boiled.  
Second Truth, Scarbrough Spa is parallel to the Dropping Well at Knaisbrough, which leaves also Sand, at the bottom of the Vessel in boiling.  
Third, The Water that leaves Sand at the bottom of the Vessel, when boiled, has a Lapidescent juice, and is petrifying; 'tis his own saying.  
Fourth, The Water that has a Lapidescent juice, and is petrifying, is bad for the Stone, Gout, and Jaundice, by natural consequence.  
Fifth, 'Tis the peculiar Character of Scarbrough Spa, whereby it is distinguished from all other Spaws that are in use, to take a Resty Jadish Fit sooner or later.  
Sixth, Allom-stone dissolved in water, gives a Purple Tincture (with Gall) this Allom-stone, he confesseth, is in Scarbrough, and therefore the Tincture by Gall, is no Argument for Vitriol in Scarbrough Spa.  
Seventh, That all waters that have dissolved Iron, hath Vitriol also, as the product of that dissolution.  
Eighth, All the Salts that sproots out of the Cliff, is Nitroaluminous, and not Vitriol.  
Ninth, The three Carts load of Earth, fallen from the Cliff, is not Ironstone, but Earth petrifyed, mixed with pebble stones.  
Tenth, The precipitated powder found in the bottom of the Vessel, after Scarbrough Water has stood in it two or three days, is Glebe of Allom.  
Eleventh, If Vitriol be joined with Nitre in Scarbrough Water (as the Dissector will have it) he makes it a corrosive water, which is worse than all I have said against it.  
Twelfth, The Dissector must yield the Victory to the Anatomizer, for Truth sake, or else— in Print.  
As to the Tenth Proposition (all the rest being proved already) if it be demanded how I can make it out, I answer first, to the 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉, the Dissector in his Letter to R. S. says, that when the Spa Water is first set on the fire, this Powder settles to the bottom; I grant it, but after the water by boiling, hath let fall the stone-power in it, then doth the Saline water resume this powder into its Pores, and after all the Salts are settled into Crystals, you shall find it in the remaining water, and may see that it differs nothing from the Glebe of Allom, if one may trust his senses, as I have mentioned, which I have to show, as to the 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉, take this account, The Nitrous water meeting with the Allom stone, corrodes and dissolves it wholly. During this action, the water appears clear, but as soon as the Intestine motion ceaseth, that the Nitre and Allom embrace mutually each other in quiet, then is the Glebe of Allom as an Heterogeneous, Caput mortuum, cast forth of the embracements of these two Salts, and so settles to the bottom, which happens in two or three days time.  
If it be demanded further, how it comes to pass, that the Glebe of Allom should settle to the bottom, and yet the stone-powder which is also in it, and a heavier body, doth not settle at all, whilst the water is kept in cold, from boiling on the fire. I answer, here is the difference betwixt petrifying waters, and Mineral waters; these always, sooner or later, do settle something to the bottom, the other do not, as is known by experience; the reason of the difference may be gathered from that I said last; for the Stone, whilst the Saline water dissolves it, is merely passive in that action of dissolution; and therefore the longer a Nitrous water has stone in its Bowels, the firmlier it holds it, there being neither Sulphur, nor other Salt in it, to re-act upon the Nitre. It is not so when Metallick, or Mineral Stones are dissolved in water; there are then contrary principles at work; the strife being ended, they show what Metal or Mineral those waters come from by their settlements.  
He now remembers what he had forgotten, (p. 103.) But there is one thing I may not overlook; the stones, that were by Physic, brought out of the Gall, which the Professor at London did show us. He is afraid I was mistaken, (p. 104.) So is the saying still of the things I see with mine eyes; but why? What passage is there from the Gall to the Guts to convey stones? the stones he shown us, were larger in breadth, than Gray-Pease, being flatter, but about their bigness; if he denies these passable through the Ductus Bilarius, he has little or no experience of the works of Nature, as I have instanced before, when 'tis assisted by Art; next he accuseth me for asserting upon the former Principles of the petrifying Nature of Scarbrough, that is ill for the Gout, which I experienced in myself, and he opposeth it only by his experience of himself, who has had some gentle Fits of it, and so leaves it, making himself both Plaintiff and Witness, and Judge of this matter; but this is spoken to hereafter.  
Next he declares (p. 105.) against me, for commending Scarbrough, that it is so quick in its purging quality, that it needs no Preparative, and rather than lose his advantage of dosing out his Physic, he doth discommend the water, as much as I can think it deserves; 'tis an old saying, better may one steal a Goose, than another stick down a Feather; his words are these, The water is, (p. 106.) indeed nimble, and sometimes has wrought ten days together, while yet it has but made a furrow through the Guts, and has left all the Excrementicious humours behind it, the party finding therein no benefit at all. 'Tis honestly said of the Dissector, now this second time; I see truth will come out at last, Therefore he says, there is a necessity both to prepare by purging before, and also in the drinking of the Water; otherwise, notwithstanding the daily working of the water, they may return as they came; 'tis well, if it so fall out, that they return not worse. Having thus discommended the ineffectual property of the Waters purging, in that it makes but a furrow through the Bowels, and leaves all the Excrementicious humours behind, he faceth about (p. 107.) and does commend it as singular incomparison of other Spa waters, that are not purging. First, in regard of the Stone, in this case waters that are only Diuretical, may cause an Ischuria, by carrying slimy humours into the smallar Vessels; 'Tis granted, if no Physicians be there, that has so much wit, as to prevent this danger, by giving the Patiented a Purge. Secondly, (p. 108.) By the purging property of the Water, not only the gross Excrementicious humours, but also the stone filings that are in the water, must be carried the broad way down the Bowels. Alas for him, surely, the man is unadvised, thus in one Page, to write pro and con; if the water purging ten days together, could not carry away the light Cherry-stones that were in the Bowels, as he instances, (p. 106.) How can it be supposed, that it should Purge away the Stone-fileings, which beside their gravity, has affixedness upon the inner coats of the Bowels? like as we see the Sand cleaving to the sides of the Chamber-pot, which will not be washed off with water, unless rubbing be used. Thirdly, This purging property of the water, does quite overthrow what before I said, asserting the waters obstructive property, for 'tis impossible that the same thing should be purgative, and also obstructive. In this contest with Hydrol. Chym. he used the term Sir Simpson, as a reproach; for my part, I wonder how the Dissector got his Bachelor of Arts degree, if he disputed after this manner; had he said the water quatenus purging, could not be obstructive, it had been something; purging and binding, are terms more opposite, than purging and obstructing; yet Rhabard the same thing doth perform both, because of its different parts. Scarbrough purgeth, as it is enriched with Allom and Nitre; it obstructs also, by the plenty of Sand Sand and Clay that is in it; may not different things in the same water, have different effects? Fourthly, (p. 109.) That property which I charge on it, as that it causeth the Gout, cannot possibly consist with the purging quality of the water, for purging is owned by all, and prescribed as a special remedy against the Gout, either to prevent or to cure it.  
First, I said the rise of this Disease, was from a petrifying property of an Acid Spirit; I know none but the Dissector (who refers the cause of all things to the first qualities of heat and cold) that doth oppose me in this; the instance which Mr. Clarke, one of his Majesty's Justices for the Peace, in Northumberland, told me, which he see with his eyes, is famous to confirm it; Mr. Potter, Steward to the Earl of Northumberland, extremely troubled with the Gout, had frequently, Sand and small Stones, that came forth through the Pores, and stood on all the joints of his fingers on the outside of the skin; this being so, Sylvins and with him, all experienced Authors, give as a Maxim, that Acidities are so far from being corrected, or removed by purging (with any Physic that is vulgarly known) that it doth but exasperate them, and make them worse.  
Yet I'll grant his Proposition; what will it avail? to bring it down particularly to the purging with Scarbrough in this Disease; nothing at all; for by his own confession, it makes but a furrow through the Bowels, and leaves all the Excrementicious humours behind. But he will say, I'll mend that matter by giving other Physic, mean while, 'tis the purging with his Physic, and not the waters purging, that cures the Gout. But then I ask, will his purge mend the petrifying property that is in the water, and that Acidity, because of the Dulphicate Salt in it, both which are Enemies to the Gout? I trow not; as Scarbrough therefore doth upon these two accounts, exalt and augment the specific cause of this Disease, as it cannot cure it, much less can it prevent it. John Lord Bellasses, complained this year, that by drinking Scarbrough but 3 or 4 days, it gave him a Fit of the Gout; if the Dissector will persist, that he can cure the Gout, and prevent it by purging, then, I suppose, he is master of helmont's Arcanum corallinum. I advise him to present it to the R. S. which may make amends for the last trouble he gave them; he concludes, And therefore seeing he had projected to fix so severe a charge upon the Spa, I wonder he did not take care so to draw it up, as that one piece might not interfere with, and confute another.  
I judge, that the Reader has more cause to wonder at him, why he should say so.  
He now summons up all his forces together, and says, that Chemical Writers lead the Van; Acidity, Inky smell, and black Tincture from Gall, are certain and undeniable Arguments to prove Vitriol. Thus he builds Castles in the Air, I shall blow them all down with this one breath; where? not in Scarbrough, nor any other water that has Nitre and Allom; there these three Properties prove nothing for Vitriol, for Nitre will give the Acidity, Allom the Tincture without it; as for the Inky smell, as he alone doth find it, I gave him an Experiment to make it more perceptable to the sense of smelling, from whence it proceeds, namely, Allom. The savour of any thing, is from the Sulphurous parts, whilst they are freed from their Vincula Selina, and sends forth the Effluvium, which effects the Organ of smelling; thus Brimstone, till the Body be opened, smells little or nothing, but dissolved and precipitated, how strong is the sense of it? from the same account, the Allom in the Spa is not distinguishable by smell, but let all the Saline parts settle into Crystals, after the stone-powder is separated, and take the Sulphurous part that remains, dry it, and dissolve it in hot water, as I said (p. 59) of my Book, and then you will find it gives the same smell that the Allom Pans at Whitby do, and stronger.  
Thus you see his threefold Cord is easily broken at one snap; observe now his Pedantic, and Unscholar-like dealing with me: I wonder to find him so zealous in this Point, to fix a stinking smell upon that water, when there are so many thousands to confute him; though hence it may appear he has lost his smell, yet I should be sorry, that for so small a mistake, my Friend should forfeit his Nose.  
I have lost my understanding, if the Dissector forfeit my Crest and Coat of Arms, whilst he writes of Scarbrough Spa against me.  
He says (p. 111.) the instance I gave of Hunwick Well, makes nothing to my purpose; for this, I refer the Reader to my Book (p. 53. and 54.) But why may not that water have the Vitriol of Iron in it; 'tis granted that it has, for how can it partake of Iron, and be without the Vitriol; and how can it give the Tincture by Gall, but from Iron. What then, is this his may-be to his purpose, that goes about to prove that the Tincture from Gall, is not from Iron, but from the Vitriol? to this I shall speak anon, all the matter the Dissector has to brag on against me, is occasioned by my civility to him, for this see (p. 97.) Concerning my Wife; so here, because at my first coming, I gave him leave to say what he pleased, and did not contradict him in a word, therefore 'tis put in the Margin, I have changed my mind. He is now for a work of Supererogation (p. 112.) Because I would do something more (which is as much as nothing at all) For this my friends Conviction, I shall ex abundanti, cast him in one Author more, and he is a Chemist too, Faber. Hidrell. Chym. (pag. 38.) where treating of Springs that has imbibed Sulphur and Vitriol; the water, says he, of these Fountains, turn black with Gall, and that is as true and undoubted Testimony that there is Vitriol in it. The Dissector will still be dabbling with Chemical Authors, and does but bemire himself with them; for instance, he citys Swelfer against Dr. S. that Vitriol of Iron will Calcine white in a Crusible, contrary to the knowledge of every Barber Chirurgeon; he cited Faber before (p. 66.) directly against himself.  
Now, ex abundanti, to signify that he understands not the scope of their Writings, he citys him here again, whilst he is treating only of these Spaws, that has imbibed Sulphur and Vitriol; and will transfer his inference he makes of the Gall tincturing those waters, to be an Argument for Scarbrough, that has imbibed Allom. If Faber were alive, he would not bear this abuse of Dr. Witty, who would make him speak, that the Spa that has Allom in it, if it tincture black by putting Gall to it, then 'tis an undoubted Argument that it has dissolved Vitriol. Chemists, are more searching by their Experiments into the truth of things, then to give a general Proposition from what is true, but in some, not all waters.  
He would fain know, p. 115. How it comes to pass that white Vitriol will make Ink? For satisfaction, I again refer him to the Author he has not seen, Tachen. Hippoc. (p. 130.) Vitriolum album illud de Goslaria, & ut illud de Carinithia participant quidem de Marte, & venere, non tamen sunt divites acidi naturalis ob id admodum pigrè ingrescunt cum Gallis. Dr. W. accuseth Dr. S. in his Epistle to the Reader, That he fell among many ill Books, and read unwholesome Authors. If this had not been Dr. Witty's own Lott, he had not fallen into the Pinfold, nor rendered himself so trifling a writer of Mineral waters. Because I still persist to owe him the kindness of a Friend, that he may understand Vitriol the better, I commend to his reading Caneparius de Atramentis; Dr. W. thinks I am of his complexion, ready to quarrel with any one that differ in opinion from me; Will he fall out with the Author of Hydrel Chym. says he. I Answer no. Truly I leave that to the Dissector.  
That which I saw with mine eyes, he is ever telling I may be mistaken in, says he, (p. 115.) I am afraid the Apothecary was too nimble for the Doctor; It is true, he is too nimble in his discourse against Dr. Witty, He took the Stone out of the Vitrioline bed, with which the water was tinctured by Gall. Dr. Witty did then approve of it to be an Allom-stone, and was confident it would not give Tincture by Gall, till he see the contrary, S. W. Davis, and his Brother being present. Now he has bethought himself of this evasion, 'twas taken out of the Vitriol Bed, (p. 116.)  
'Tis a shame that the Dissector should be suffered to shift off plain Truths, with false Surmises, giving the Reader to believe, that there is a Vitrioline Bed near the Water; if it were so, why did he not, first, extract the Vitriol, and have it to show? 'tis easily done; by all the search we can make in all the Beds thereabouts, we Extract nothing but plain Allom.  
He contents himself with proving Knaisbrough Spa to be Vitrioline, by the Yellow colour it precipitates. I am proving no such matter, for I know that Cole-water, yea, a Spring that runs through the rotten roots of Trees, will do the like; 'tis true that, I say, Vitrioline water precipitates by Sanding, a Yellow colour; but it doth not therefore follow that the yellow precipitation is a proof for Vitriol, as he would have me to infer. Dr. S. also mistakes me, in what I mean by easily precipitating; I understand by it, in so short a time, as two or three days, I there say, (p. 56. and 57) that Scarbrough settling of itself in so short a time, a black Sediment cannot be Terra Vitrioli; first, because I judge that it was never observed, that any Vitrioline water, did by standing, cast down its other so quickly.  
Secondly, That this differs in colour from the other; whoever please to try it, shall see, that as soon as Scarbrough casts down this Sediment, 'tis black.  
The Dissector has now got to the Pinfold, (p. 117.) as his deserved Haven; 'tis his singular Art to be strict in tithing Annis, Mint, and Cummin; but the great things, the pillars on which the dispute lies, he neglects, and lightly passeth them over with a, The truth is, 'tis nothing more than a frivolous conceit, and not worthy to be replied to; So he speaks, (p. 73.) He tells us, That the Pinner of Wakefield could not hold him, he was very well delivered with his bones whole. I have cause to say something, sure I am, the Air that got into his Peritonaeum, of the imaginary victory over Dr. S. hath made him swell with rage, contempt, and revenge against me. Let the Reader now view the Pinfold.  
Thus the Dissector argues, the Tincture by Gall is not from Allom, nor from Iron; Ergo, it is from Vitriol.  
I Reply, if not from Iron, than not from Vitriol; Ergo, It is from Allom.  
If the Cuckoo of York, be for ever able, in the judgement of all the Chemists in Europe, either to creep out, or over-top this Pinfold, I shall submit to be called the Pindar of Newcastle, whilst I live. As for Gotham College, I did imagine 'twas only to be found in Utopia; but now I do retract, taking it for granted, the Dissector has had his Education there. Vitriol of what sort soever, is a Metal dissolved; this is an undoubted truth, made good by Experiment upon all Vitriols; both Natural, such as are got out of the Bowels of the Earth, and Artificial, such as are made by dissolving any Metals, and exhaling of the dissolvents. Each one of these Vitriols will dissolve in water, and by an Alkali put to it, will precipitate the Body of the Metal contained in it. Let us now descend from this General Proposition, to the particular Vitriol of Iron, which the Dissector affirms is in Scarbrough water, and I will suppose it to be there; the question now is, what is it, that the Gall put into the water, doth precipitate? is it not the body of the Iron which was contained in it, according to the general rule of all Vitriols, which by precipitation is made to appear, and settles as an heavy Body to the bottom? Thus is the Tincture by Gall, from Iron, made plain and evident; and therefore as he excludes Iron from giving Tincture by Gall in Scarbrough, he must exclude Vitriol also; for this Vitriol is nothing more, than Iron dissolved with Spirit of Sulphur; and so it follows, that it must be from Allom by his own confession. Thus has he brought himself into the Pinfold, there let him be. But the Reader may ask how is it, that the Allom in the water, gives the Tincture by Gall? I answer, in a parallel manner to Vitriol, as was said at first; as it is proved in Vitrioline Waters, that it is from the body of the Metal, not from the Spirit, Sulphur, that dissolved it, that the Gall precipitates; so here 'tis not from the juice of the Allom, but from the body of the Glebe, a Terrestrial and Sulphurous matter, which gives the Tincture. I prove it by this Experiment, take the Allom water out of any Trough at Whithy, which is the infusion of  Allom-stone, and put Gall to it, and it will Tincture; but take the very same water without the Addition of any thing, and Boil it until it cast to the bottom the Earthy Sulphurous parts, which the Workmen call Slam, and then that Water will not tinck with Gall.  
He repeats (p. 118.) what he said before, that the Earth falling from the Cliff, near the Spa, is converted into Iron stone. I suppose, by this, he would have us to believe, Ovid Metamorphosis is no Poetical Fiction, but real Truth, that this Earth was converted into Iron stone, as Lot's Wife was into a Pillar of Salt, by a Miracle, on purpose, that the Spa might be made to strengthen the Natural parts, by the property of Iron. The answer I gave to it, he can no more make sense of it, than of the plain position of Helmont, which I expounded to him, and shall do this, I said at first it did appear to me (now that I have tried it) I affirm it to be nothing else, than what I said before, Earth (wherein are abundance of pebble stones of several sorts) impregnated with store of Nitro Aluminous Salt, as all the Cliff is, sliding down by some dash of rain upon the Sands; as soon as the superfluous moisture is exhaled from it by Sun and Air, it than Petrifies, and is as a Rock lying there. I declare there is as much Gold as Iron in it, I wonder he did not say so, for the same Argument which he useth for Iron, namely, that it fluxeth in the fire, would have served to make it Gold; this had been as good an Artifice for bringing Moulter to his Mill, as all the Hyperboles of Scarbrough water; his Patients then might satisfy both their thirst and hunger, Auri sacra fames.  
I said that Allom stone dissolved in water, would Tincture with Gall; I mentioned Spirit of Nitre, mixed with Water, for a dissolvent, as freest from exception; he answers, Alas Dr. S. said so, nor does he wield the Club much better, or has any new guard, (p. 119.)  
The man is in a dream certainly, the Logomachia, betwixt him and Dr. S. was, indeed, playing with foils or Cudgels; what tells he me of a Club? his dissecting, and my Anatomising is, fight with sharps; is it so long since I met with him on the Hills (near Knaisbrough Town) they are to him the Mountains of Gilboa, where he did manfully fall upon his own Sword point, (p. 56.) Where was his New Guard then, not in his Breeches, for his Bum has been well paid, more than once or twice, (p. 20.31.51.)  
He citys my Argument, (p. 120.) against Vitriol in Scarbrough, but says nothing to disprove it, only he calls it my Battering-kam, and leaves it to my Wife to confute; I am persuaded she is as able as the Dissector to do so. He compares me to Joab, he considers not, that the comparison lies fully upon himself; for who so great a Friend to Scarbrough, as the Dissector? and he out of his simple Friendship to it, will plead to have Vitriol there, where also is Nitre; and in this he does not less against Scarbrough, than Joab did to Abner, in smiting him into the fifth rib, making the water thereby corrosive. I retort his own words, Is this a token of his Friendship, to make it poisonous? But says he (p. 121.) What have we to do with the Spirits of Vitriol and Nitre? why? if their bodies be in the water, they cannot be without their Spirits. Such as the Spirits are, such are the Bodies from whence they are drawn; corrosive both, only the Bodies are not so active as the Spirits. But, saith he, Rye-bread distilled, will afford an extreme corrosive Spirit, that will dissolve Metal, if he will trust Mr. boil. This is the second time, he has abused this worthy Author, making him speak point blank contrary to his very design, the second part of his Experiment Philos. p. 88 his words are these; Since I have observed it to be the main thing that keeps Judicious Men from seeking, or so much as hoping for Noble Dissolvents, that they are scarce to be persuaded there can be considerably piercing Menstrums, that are not proportionably corrosive. I will here acquaint you with a Liquor, that may, I presume, assist you, to undeceive some of them. Thus you see the Author brings in this distilled water, of Rye-bread, as an Argument to persuade others, that there may be Liquors Dissolvent, which are not corrosive; the Dissector says this same is extremely corrosive, citing Mr. Boil for it: Spirit of Volatile Salt of Tartar, is a great Dissolvent, it is not therefore corrosive; so much may be said of Circulatum minus & majus Paracelsi Ens veneris pole manui, which Helmont declares to be as sweet as Honey (to say nothing of the Liquor Alkehest.) Salad-oil will dissolve Brimstone (which Aquafortis cannot do) is it therefore corrosive? let it be noted also, that the Dissector says, we must believe Mr. boil, that the water of Rye bread distilled, will dissolve Metal; another untruth charged upon him, which is contrary to the common Maxim of Chemistry, Similia similibus Dissolvuntur.  
He goes to my last Charge, and says, (p. 123.) I have often known Inveterated Dissenteries, and other Fluxes, cured by it; he has told the R. S. that Hectics and Consumptions are cured by it; and now Dissenteries, when the Third Edition comes forth, he will tell us of broken Bones, and Limbs out of joint, are cured by it; there's as much reason for this, as the other. A Merchant in this Town, was brought into a desperate Flux, and hardly scaped with life, by drinking of it but two or three days.  
Another instance of one at Scarbrough, a lusty young man, Son to one of the Officers of the Custom, whilst I was there, by drinking but two or three days, had such a Flux, that he was pined near to a Consumption, before it could be remedied.  
I urged the Dissector with his promise to Dr. S. that he would deal accordingly with me, in the last words of my Book; to which he gives this answer, (p. 124.) But as for this Piece, I see not the least point of Art in it, from the beginning to the end; I refer it to the Learned and Impartial Reader, to judge betwixt us; In this we are agreed.  
Having done with the Dissector, I shall relate only the story of Columbus. After he had first discovered the way to the Indies, taking the Spaniards along with him, he expected performance of promise from them; they requited him with this Answer, 'Twas no Art at all to Sail thither; he than took up an Egg, and bid them make it stand upright upon the Table, they made an essay, but could not; he than did it before them. Here is no Art, 'tis true (said he) in making the Egg to stand upright, yet could not you do it, till I shown you how.  
Let Dr. Witty apply this story to himself, and what follows, (p. 123.) I am of opinion, that an angry fit is very wholesome for some constitutions, though it may make a man uneasy in his company for the present, and those that are within his reach, yet when the Ebullition of Choler is over, it leaves a man in a far more sedate temper of mind, for a good while after, than before he was wont to be, and more Gay and Complacent in his humour to others: If my Friend having given his Spleen this vent, be the better for it in his Cranium, I should be very glad.   

To the Brethren of the Faculty, particularly to Dr. Carr of Cambridg, Dr. Taylor of York, Dr. Neale of Leedes, Dr. Constable, Dr. Armitadge, Dr. Simpson.  
SIRS,  
WHat Tragic part soever the Comedian acts upon the Stage against his Fellow, it is not upon any design of malice, to the party, but merriment to the Spectators. The time I took for penning this Reply, was Christmas, a season allowed me for Revelling; let none of you mis-judge it Reviling, because, as a Chemist, I have but Cohobated all the Spirit of Vinegar and Gall I found in Dr. Witty's Answer. Memorable is the saying of a Learned Man, In such alterations few men understand the sharpness of their own words, their edge is towards them, whom they oppose; but when a return of the like expressions are made unto themselves, they are sensible how they pierce. Had he leveled his Arrow to the mark, he might have hit the Butt; he shot it directly up into the Air (as may be seen through his whole Book) and therefore by the un-erring law of Nature, it has fallen upon his own head. If he hath received any mortal wound in this Combat, 'twas made by his own weapon; I appeal to you my Brethren of the Jury, if you do not find (p. 56.) that the Dissector, by the Coroners Inquest, is Felo de Se.  
He is injudicious in nothing, so much as in the case of Scarbrough Spa; I cannot wonder at it, for a gift doth blind the eyes of the wise, Deut. 16.19. If it be possible to buy Gold too dear, in my serious apprehensions, he hath made but an ill purchase there. When these  words, (give account of thy Stewardship) are spoken to his heart, he will consider what I say. I honour him for his gists of Learning, but it is Grace only that can make him, Palanodiam Cavere, and I shall not be out of hopes, to see the fruits of it in him. Saint Austin gained as Honourable esteem amongst wise men, for writing his Retractions, as he got for all his other Learned Volumes. Though Saturn be ascendant in my Horoscope, let no man think it carries any evil aspect, to his practice in Physic. This is a fault I find in him, against Chemical Physicians; 'twere unpardonable, to be guilty of the same myself; the experience he hath gained in Therapeuticks, yea, amongst a number of the Right Honourables at Scarbrough, will serve abundantly to reverberate every undue expression against this Art, upon the head of him that dares unworthily reflect it.  
I know what the Books of Galen, and all his Followers, can instruct him in, he is not to learn; yet must he be persuaded also, that we have traveled over these shallow Fords, as well as he; and if we have, after all this essayed, to launch further into the depths, for Hermetick Physic, he is no Friend to Learning, who will therefore call us Mountebanks; of the same Import is his Super-hyperbole, which he gives of Galen, taking it pro confesso; That Helmont hath deluded the generality of enquiring Men, into a Labyrinth of Mysterious nothings. I appeal to the Experience, and Judgement of you all, if these things be so.  
Thus much premised, I shall now present you with Homer's Iliads in a Nutshell. Dr. Witty (pag. 37.) saith, at my first coming to Scarbrough, I had a Covetous design to carry on, which if it had succeeded, doubtless, we had heard none of this, but that failing me, as the Fox said in the Fable, the Grapes are sour; so said I, Scarbrough water breeds the Stone.  
This being believed, well may it serve for an answer to all that I have writ, or shall hereafter write against Scarbrough Spa.  
Therefore have I mentioned your names, my Brethren, whose Faces I did see at Knaisbrough, upon my return from Scarbrough; that the world may judge by this surmise of his, at what rate he magnifies himself; one Dr. Witty is able to spoil my design of getting, more than all these Worthies, Men of renown in their Profession. If the Dissector will go upon Stilts of his own making, on purpose, that he may appear like Saul, higher by head and Shoulders, than his Brethren; who of you can pity him, for that he hath catched a fall? for all his brags, (p. 119.) That I have not wielded the Club much better, than his former Antagonist, or hath any new guard; I do not find one tooth in the three Combs broken by him. If he like to come again into the Pit, he shall know I am no Crawdon, but a Cock of the right kind; mean while, it is but a dirty alledgment of him, that wants an Argument, to insinuate, that I came to Scarbrough, to scrape on the Dunghills there. My Brethren, what is sharper than a Woman's Tongue, when 'tis set on fire; I have bidden the brunt thereof, yet Dr. Witty is afraid, (pag. 90.)) I shall suffer more from you; what remedy, but Patience, I suppose the Dissector hath as much need of it, as  
Your Loving Brother George Tonstall.  
FINIS.