A Pocket-Companion; CONTAINING Things Necessary to be Known, By all that Values their Health and Happiness: BEING A plain Way of NATURE'S own Prescribing, to Cure most Diseases in Men, Women and Children, by Kitchen-Physick only. To which is Added, An Account how a Man may Live Well and Plentifully for Twopences a day. Collected from The Good Housewife made a Doctor, By THO. TRYON. Licenced, Octob. 25th. 1693. LONDON, Printed for George Conyers, at the Golden Ring in Little-Britain, 1694. Notable Things. Of Consumptions. COnsumptions are Decays of the Radical Moisture, whereby the natural Heat of the Stomach is so weakened, that it cannot make a due Separation of Meats and Drinks received, which causes from thence to arise abundance of bad Juices or Phlegm; so that no good Nourishment can be bred, let the Food be never so Rich▪ nor the Drink Cordial, which all People afflicted find by Experience. But these Distempers proceed likewise from various Causes. As, 1. From overcharging Nature with too great Quantities of Rich Food: or in Others, by drinking much Brandy, Wine, and strong Drinks, which weakens the natural Heat, and destroys the Action of the Stomach. In Others, and idle, sedentary Course of Life, or want of proper Exercises; lying in bed too long, too warm Clothing, and too soft Feather or Down Beds, which proves always prejudicial to to the Health of all Persons. It is caused sometimes by too much frequenting the School of Venus, provoking Nature beyond her Ability, and ofttimes corrupts her, in her very Radix. Young married People, as well as the most lewd, are oft caught in this Snare, and let this be a Caution. Others by excessive Heats or Colds, Surfeits and the like Accidents: Some by Fevers and long Fits of sickness; to some through Melancholy, Grief, or Trouble of Mind, or Despair and Envy. Some have Consumptions Hereditary, which is the hardest of all to cure. Now when thou findest thyself indisposed, and thy Stomach to grow weak, and a general Disorder to run through thy whole Body, and that thy Strength decays; consider what it was that caused it, whether Temperance, or Intemperance in Meats or Drinks, in respect of the Quantity or Quality, as also their Exercises, and all other Extremes thou hast enured thyself to: Consider further, what Air thou hast lived in, where the Disease was bred, and by this means thou mayest guests at the Cause of thy Distemper. And when this is done, thou oughtest gradually to alter for the better, the whole Course of thy Life; not in the nature and quality of the Meats and Drinks only, but in their quantity; as also thy Exercises and the Air, as far as the Condition of thy Life will admit thereof: for change of Food, Exercises, and Airs, work wonders. If withal, you betake yourselves to mere simple Meats and Drinks that are easier of Concoction, and generate a freer and firmer Substance. I shall now set down what Food, Drink and Preparations are agreeable to the Stomaches of sick and languishing Persons: And first of Milk. Which is an incomparable Food, and the best way for weak consumptive People to eat it, is Raw▪ Take what quantity of Milk you please, let it stand open to the Air one Hour or two, then skimm off the Top of it, and eat it with well baked Bread; neither toast your Bread, nor warm your Milk; except the weather be cold, and then you may make it blood warm, but then do not toast your Bread: You may if you please, eat Biscuit with your Milk, but do not eat too great a quantity at once: sometimes you may mix a little Water with the Milk, and sweeten it with good white Sugar: you may eat this three times aday, if you make it your sole Food. Continue this six or eight Months at least▪ and you will find great Benefit by it: for Distempers that have been many years generating, cannot be cured in a moment, To prepare Milk with Wheat-Flower, an Excellent Way. Take a quart of New Milk, after it has stood five or six Hours from the time it was milked, put to it a third part of River or Spring Water, set it on a clear fire; then take some Wheat-Flower, and temper it with either Water or Milk into a Batter, and when the Milk is ready to boil, put in your Thickening, and stir it a while; and when it is ready to boil again, take it off; then put as much Salt and Bread to it as you please, then let it cool without stirring it, and it will eat much sweeter: Two spoonfuls of Flower is enough for a quart of Milk and Water, make it about the thickness of ordinary Milk-pottage. This keeps your Body in excellent Temper, neither binds nor loosens too much, and it never tires nor clogs the Stomach. Another way. Take a Quart of Milk and a Pint of Water, add to it as much Oatmeal as you please to have 〈…〉 Thickness, Thin is best. Set it on a 〈◊〉 fire, and when it begins to boil, take it off, and brew it in two Porringers eleven or twelve times, then set it on the fire again, and when it begins to boil take it off, and let stand a little, and the large Oatmeal will settle to the Bottom; then add Bread and Salt to it, and eat it when it is blood warm: this is an Excellent Food, agrees well with weak Natures, and affords firm Nourishment. And if you add at any time to this a newlaid Egg or two, beaten with your Thickening, and put it in as aforesaid, it will make a rich Dish. If you would add Eggs to Milk-pottage, first put your Milk and Water into your S●wce-Pan, take a spoonful of ground Oatmeal, and beat it up with your Egg or Eggs, with either a little milk or water, and when it is ready to boil, stir it in, as in flowered milk, and then you need not brew it; put a little Bread and Salt to all your milk meats, but no Sugar be sure: This is a Substantial and Friendly Food. Observe that Milk is best the first half year after the Cow hath Calved, but not so good after taking Bull, or Conception. Milk boiled by it. itself▪ is not so good, as when mixed with Oatmeal, Flower, or Water as aforesaid, being not of so cleansing a quality ● the best time to begin Milk-Diet I think is about March or April. Of Furmety, viz. Wheat and Milk are in themselves two good things; but ordered with Sugar, Spice, etc. is not at a●l to be commended, nor near so good as Milk, Flower and Water; the same is to be understood of Wheat buttered and spiced. Of Boniclabber. Bonic●●●●●● is made by letting your Milk stand till it sowers, which will be in Twenty-fours hours, if the weather be very hot. It has a pleasant sowerish Taste, and must be eaten only with Bread, especially by Consumptive People. It is Excellent against Stoppages, and it's easy of Concoction. and ●igests all hard or sweet Food; it cools and cleaneth the whole Body, and quencheth Thirst to a ●onder, it is the best Spoon-meat for Consumptive People that I know. And though it may not be so agreeable to the palate at first, yet a little Custom will make it familiar and pleasant. Of Water-gruel. This is good for Consumptive People, and is made as followeth. Take a quart of Spring or River Water, put to it two Spoonfuls of Oatmeal, then stir it well together, set it on the fire, and when it is ready to boil, take it off, and brew it out of one thing into another; then let it stand, and the greatest Oatmeal will sink to the Bottom: then pour it off, and add Bread and Salt to it, and Butter if you please, then eat it when it has stood till it is blood warm. This is an Excellent sort of Food. Observe that Milk boiled, is nothing so good as either Raw or Scalded. An Excellent Food for all sorts of People, ●ut more-especially▪ for Children and sick People. Take a quart of Water, two Spoonfuls of Wheat-flower, and two or three Eggs, beat the Flower and Eggs together with a little water, and when the water begins to boil, stir in your Thickening, and keep it stirring till it is ready to boil; then take it off, and put Bread and Salt to it, when it has stood till it is blood warm, eat it; you may put some Butter to it, or an Egg if you like it best: This is an incomparable Food for all sorts of people, it breeds good Blood, opens the Passages, sweetens the Blood, prevents windy Distempers and griping Pains; it is next to Breast-milk for Children, and it is excellent for Consumptive People, if they keep to it four or five months or more, and eat nothing else, and drinking three our four Glasses of good Ale; let them use gentle Exercise, and moderate Clothing, and good sweet hard Beds. This, and all other Spoon-meats made thin, are best. Flummery▪ Is thus made. Take three Spoonfuls of Oatmeal more or less, and put to it a convenient quantity of water, then let it stand till it begins to be sowerish, then take this Water and Oatmeal, and put it into a Vessel, stirring it, and making it boiling hot with a quick fire and when it does begin to rise, brew it to and fro with your Ladle to keep it from boiling; this do about four or five minutes, then take it off the fire, and it's prepared. Some eat it with Ale, others with Cream, Milk, and the like, but I think it most beneficial to be eaten with Bread only. It removes Obstructions, strengthens the Stomach, cools the Body, openeth the Passages, and is excellent good for Breakfast in all hot Climates: This is good more-especially for weak Stomached People, and those whose Breast, and Passages are obstructed by though phlegmy matter. Another way to make Flummery. Take two or three Spoonfuls of Oatmeal, more or less, and put to it a convenient quantity of Water, and let it stand a day more or less; then pour off that water, and put on fresh four, five, six, seven, eight, nine or ten times; letting each water remain on your Oatmeal a certain time, than they take it off, boil it up, some mix it with Cream, and what they please. But this way is not near so good as the former. Of Bread. The best sort for sick People, is that which is made of Wheat-flower, but not too fine dressed; for than it will be dry and husky; and your leavened Bread is much better than that made with Yiest; you may make it after this manner. Take what Flower you please, make a hole in the middle of it, break then your Leaven in; take as much bloodwarm Water, as will wet about half your Flower, mix the Flower and Leaven well together, cover it with the remaining Flower close; this do in the Evening, and by Morning the whole will be well Leavened: then add some more bloodwarm water as is sufficient, and knead it up very stiff and firm, the more pains you take, the better: when you have so done, let it lie warm by some fire, near two hours, till the Oven is ready, then bake it, but let not the Oven-mouth be close stopped, that the Air may have more or less Egress or Regress. But the best way is to make it into thin Cakes, and bake them on a Stone, with a Wood-fire under. Of Rye, Barley, Oats, you may make Cakes after the same manner; put no Salt into your Bread. Of Butter Butter affords good Nourishment; the best that is for the Stomach, is made from May to August: It's very wholesome, if eaten moderately with Bread, or with Herbs, Roots or the like. Take good Butter and melt it thick, and put it to your Herbs, as you do Oil, and it eats as well and pleasant, and can scarce be distinguished from Oil: this I believe a great many may have cause to thank me for: all Butter ought to be well seasoned with Salt. Cheese Affords good Nourishment, for healthy, working People, if eaten with good store of Bread, and a Cup of good Drink be not wanting▪ It is altogether as nourishing as Flesh; it is clean, and of a stronger, firmer Substance, and digests a Cup of Drink better: and he that lives on Bread and Cheese, intermixed now and then with flowered Milk, Water-gruel, Milk-pottage, and Raw Salads, seasoned with Vinegar, Salt and Oil; and drinks good sound Ale and Beer not over strong, shall exceed in Health and Strength him that lives on Bread and Flesh, and drinks the same Liquor. Of Puddings. The best way of making them is thus. Take Milk and Water, Wheat-flower, and Eggs, of each a convenient quantity, and put a little Salt in; beat them well together, put this Batter into your Bag, boil it in good store of Water, your Potlid off, and over a quick clear fire; when boiled sufficient, take it off, butter it, and eat it. Baked Puddings are not so good. Of Eggs, and their best way of Dressing. They are an Excellent Food, friendly and innocent in Operation. Dress them as followeth. Let your Eggs be boiled soft, then break the Shell and put them into a Dish, and let them stand till they are Bloodwarm; then with Bread and Salt only eat them: A strong Stomach may eat them with Bread and Butter spread upon it, not melted. Or you may boil them hard, then pill off the Shell, and eat them with Salt, Bread and Vinegar. Poaching is a very good way. Take an Egg, a spoonful of Wheat-flower, and beat it well together, then put it into a Pint of Water boiling hot. stir it together; then take it off, and eat it with a little Bread, Salt and Butter, and it will make an excellent Meal. Eggs in a Morning supped off raw, and Bread eaten after them, is very wholesome. Of Pies. Pear and Apple-pyes are wholesome and healthy Food, if the Fruit be through ripe, and made as they ought to be: The best way is thus. Take good Wheat-flower, make it into a Paste with a little Leaven or Yeast, with Milk and Water, or blood warm Water only, then put it in your Apples or Pears, and if you please add some Carraway or Fennel-seeds. In baking, let the Oven stand almost open, that some Air may come in. When baked, draw them, and cut holes in the top, that the sulphurous Atoms, and fiery Vapours may pass away, eat them not hot, for they are much better cold. Apples raw and ripe, eat with Bread, sometimes are wholesome; and so are Peaches Plumbs, Gooseberries, Currants, Apricocks and the like, very good Food eaten with Bread▪ sometimes. And observe by the way, that hot Bread ought not to be eaten, for it is very injurious to the health; and your Bread ought to stand two days before you eat it. Of Raisins. Raisins is a good sort of Food, if rightly used; but I think we might well be without them, though they have their uses: For being eaten with Bread, they'll make a wholesome Breakfast or Supper. As for Currants, they are of little worth to any person besides the Seller; nor any other sort or Outlandish-Spices, unless they be used physically. The same may be said of Brandy and other Spirits, which often proves profitable, taken in a physical way: But is of fatal consequence, when drunk at every turn. Of Oil. It is a brave nourishing clean nature, and friendly to most Constitutions: It is very proper to be eaten with Herbs and Fruits. Bread and Oil make a delicate Breakfast or Supper; for it cleanseth the passages, breeds good Blood, and is easy of concoction. With Fish it is very good, more especially with Saltfish; for it allays the fierce keen property of the salt, and sweetens the lean body of the Fish; for these purposes it is better than Butter. Observe that toasted Bread is not so good as cold Bread, Olives are not so good as Oil, nor aught to be freequently eat, for than they obstruct the Stomach, and Passages. The best way of eating them is with Bread only; but we might as well be without them. Of Sugars. Sugars is an excellent rich Fruit, but in my opinion fit only to be taken physically, and not at every turn to be mixed with our common Food and Drinks, the use whereof, makes it of e●il consequence, particularly all sweetened Drinks and Food, forward the Generation of the Gout, and other Diseases of the Body, which simple innocent Food would prevent, if Temperance be but observed: But if Sugar be used in Milk-meats for Old people, it may prove beneficial, but I thing to none else. Of Sugar-Candy. It is made thus: First they boil it as high as other Sugars, than out of the Pans they take this Syrup, and put it in an Earthen Pot; then they set it in a hot Stowe, there to stand 9 or 10 days; in that time the fierceness of the sulphureous heat coagulates it into an hard tough substance, than you take it out from the Syrup, and put the Candy or hard Lumps into the Stowe again, but made about 2 or 3 degrees hotter, where it must remain 9 or 10 days longer, and then 'tis done. There is two sorts of it, one White, the other Brown, but they are both of one nature and operation; they are much made use of for Coughs, Colds and Stoppages, which in my opinion there is nothing more contrary and burdensome to Nature in such cases than this very thing, and therefore aught to be abandoned; for in truth the best Food for those that are invaded with these Colds, etc. are thin brisk Grewels and Pottages, made as I have taught before; also good raw Salads with Bread and Oil, but eat Oil sparingly: likewise Bread and Butter, and all sorts of lean Food, light of digestion; and for Drinks, Water and Rhenish-wine, Toast and Water, or Water and White-wine, two-parts Water, and one Wine, or good small Ale with moderate exercise and clothing, walking in the open Air sometimes, which will gradually cleanse the passages, and open all Obstructions, and soon remove these Distempers. Of the Occasion of Colds and Coughs; and of their Cure. Coughs and Colds are produced by intemperance in Meats, Drinks, Exercises and Habits, or by eating or drinking too much in quantity, and things of a contrary quality, or improperly prepared, and not from thin clothing, as many imagine: for if the inside be sound and clean, there is little danger of outward Inconveniencies. The best way to prevent outward Colds, and the Evils that happen through thick and thin Clothing, and by heats, sweatings, and the like, is to change your clothes often. As for Example: Put on when you stay at home in a morning one sort of clothes, and when you go out, put off your clothes to your Shirt, and put on fresh and cold clothes, and again at night pull off them to the Shirt, and put on the others. And for those that sweat much by their labour, let them pull off all their clothes, Shirt and all, and put on fresh Shirts, and cold Clothing; and for those that over-travel themselves, let them do the like; but observe that both sit still a while, before they either eat or drink. Observe farther by the buy, the Pruens, Figs, and Nuts, and Almonds, and many other such like things, ought not be eaten at all, except only with common Bread, or in Physical way, in opening Drinks. Also Candied-Gingers, all sorts of Conserves, and Preserves, and all Confections, Hodgepodge, Cakes, Buns, are very prejudicial for, and obstruct the Passages, generate Crudities, spoil the Stomach, and prepare Matter for a multitude of Diseases. Of Canary. Canary is an excellent cordial Liquor, eat a good piece of Bread, and drink a Glass of Canary a●ter it, and it will make a rich meal. It is in my opinion the best Cordial an Apothecary has in his Shop; for any man in time of Disorder and Sickness. Of Sherry. It is a fine cordial Wine, as good for common Drinks as Canary, being mixed with Water, it begets Appetite, cleanseth the Passages, and helps Concoction; it purges by Urine more than Canary: But this, as all other Liquors, must be drank with discretion and temperance, and not too frequent. Of White-wine. White-Wine is an excellent cleansing Liquor, it begets Appetite, and purges by Urine; but let it not be too frequently drunk, left it indispose the body, by putting it into an unnatural Flame. Of Rhenish-wine. Rhenish-Wine is an excellent cleanser of the Stomach, somewhat akin to White-Wine, it begets Appetite, and helps Concoction. As for Old-Hock, esteemed by some, it is the most prejudicial of any Liquor, and therefore aught to be forborn. Of Claret. Claret is a good Stomach-Wine, moderately drunk; it helps concoction, and begets appetite, it is the best of Wines for those that eat abundance of Fat-flesh, and succulent Foods: But it purges not by Urine so much as White. Take notice that this as all other Liquors, are not to be frequently used, for than they are prejudicial; but a Glass of Claret, or a Dram of Brandy▪ or the like, are good Cordials when you have eat too much in quantity of any Foods, too foul or gross in quality. Of Cider. Cider if well made and fermented, is a fine brisk Liquor, and altogether as good as Claret or White-Wine, and perhaps better for English Bodies, if drunk temperately. Note, that no Cider ought to be Kept above one year, if you regard your health. Of Mum. Mum if temperately drunk, is very wholesome for melancholy Flegmatical people, and for those whose Food is corpse Bread and Cheese, flowered Milk, Herbs, and Lean Pottages; but I think it not near so wholesome as well brewed Ale. Of Coffee. Coffee ought to be used only in a Physical way by them that are troubled with Fumes and dulling Vapours that fly into their heads: it is likewise good after hard Drinking, Weariness, Labour and Fasting: but for others, I think it best to forbear it: Yet a Dish will do no man harm. Ten Is an innocent harmless Liquor, that purges by Urine, and is of an opening Quality; but it is not comparable to an Herb called Dandelion; which being infused in boiling hot water about half an hour, and then pour the Liquor from the Herbs, and sweetened with white Sugar, is a much better Drink. It purgeth by Urine, and cleanseth the Stomach. Sage, Penyroyal, Thyme or Mint, dried in their proper season, and kept in Bags, make as good Liquor as Tea. Of Salads. Take Sorrel, Parsly and Spinnage, Lettuce, and some few Onions; then add salt, Vinegar and Oil, a good quantity; if you cannot get Oil, good Butter melted may serve as well, for it is scarce dicernable from Oil; but let the Salt predominate. Eat Bread only with the Salad, which is better than if you eat Bread and Meat, or Bread and Butter, or Cheese. Another. Take Sorrel, Lettuce, Pepper, Grass, Spinnage, Tops of Mints, and Onions, seasoned as before. Another. Take Sorrel, Lettuce, Cellery, Spinnage, Onions, and Endive seasoned as before. Another. Sage, Mint, Penyroyal, Balm and some Lettuce and Sorrel; eat them as before: This is brave Salad. Another. Young green Buds of Coleworts with Onions, is a good Salad, seasoned as before. Another. Taragan, Nettle-tops, Penyroyal, Mint, Parsley, Sorrel, Lettuce, and Leaves of Coleworts eat as before, is an excellent Salad, if seasoned to the highest degree. A Salad for Winter. Parsly, old Onions, Endive, Cellery, Lettuce, Sorrel and Colewort▪ plants, Seasoned with Salt, Oil and vinegar, is an excellent warming and cherishing Salad. Another. Take Cellery, Endive, Spinnage and Lettuce, and half a head of Garlic in it, seasoned with Salt, Vinegar and Oil, this is a brave Salad. Salads are good at all times, but most proper from end of january to the 1st of july: Then again from September till December; and indeed all Winter, if the Wether be open. In Spring. Spinnage, Corn-sallad, Nettle-tops, and the Buds of young Cabbage, and others the like nature, being boiled▪ is an excellent corrective to them that eat Flesh-meat; they loosen the Belly, and open Obstructions. In April, May and june eat Spinnage, Parsley, Lettuce, Mint-tops, Borage, Scurvy, Dandilyon, Comfory, and the like, boiled in plenty of Water over a brisk Fire; add to them Butter melted, and some Salt; then eat with Bread, or Bread and Flesh is good Food. The best way to make Herb-Pottage. Smallage, Clivers, Watercresses, Elder-buds and Nettle-tops; put water to them proportionable to your Herbs; then add Oatmeal as much as you think fit to leave it in thickness: when the Water is ready to boil, put your Herbs in, cut, or uncut; then when it is again ready to boil, take a Spoon or Ladle and lad it, so that you keep it from boiling; do this eight or nine minutes, then take it off and eat it bloodwarm, with the Herbs in it, or strained; adding a little Butter, Salt and Bread, This is an admirable cleansing Salad. Another. Spinnage, Corn-sallad, Tops of Pennyroyal and Mint, ordered and eat as before. To make the best Herb Diet-drink. Supposing your Herbs well gathered, and dry and kept in Bags; take what Herb you think fit, put it in a Linen Bag and steep it 7 or 8 hours in Beer, Ale, or Wine, or other Liquor, and then take it out, and it is done: Let not your Wormwood be steeped above three or four hours; observe that one sort of Herb by itself is much better than Compounds. To prevent the Scurvy. Eat not Meat and Drinks too strong for Nature, for Nature ought to be stronger than the Food. Meat and Drink ought not to be eat that are of a contrary Quality to the Constitution. Have a care of eating to Fullness, or to Excess. Take care that your Victuals be in all respects properly prepared, for some will but half do it, others over do it. Let all sorts of Flesh and gross food be boiled in plenty of Water, and over a brisk fire. Forbear eating too much flesh. It is most unwholesome in july, August, September, October. Forbear eating too much Fish. Remember you eat not before the former Food be digested. Drink moderately; let your ordinary Drink not be hard, stale, nor sour, nor too new. Let your Clothing be moderate. Let your Houses be airy, your Beds hard, clean and sweet; use proper Exercise and Labour in open airy places; take Walks often by River-sides, or on Plains and Downs; observe the Rules of Chastity, avoid all compounded Foods; avoid Carking Cares, Hates, Revenge, Envy, Violence, Oppression; keep a good Conscience, for that's a continual Feast: Harken to the Voice of Wisdom, and the Dictates of Reason and Nature, and that will bring thee to endless Felicity. An Excellent Poultice, Which cures scalded Limbs, Burns, Boils, Felons, Tumours▪ proceeding from choler, phlegm or melancholy. It also cures all Contusions, Inflammations or Bruises, either with▪ or without a Wound; old Wounds, Ulcers, or running Sores: Excellent also against the Gout, and Inflammation of the Eyes; admirable against sore Breasts, and Bites of Dogs, or any other hurt of what kind or nature soever: which is thus. Take two Pints of Water, River, Rain, or Spring▪ their take as much ground Oatmeal as will make it thick, fit for a Poultice; add to it two ounces of good Sugar, a handful of Dandelion cut small, then place it over the fire in an open and convenient Vessel, keep it stirring till it is boiling-hot, and then it is made. Another. Take about a Quart of Water, then take as much Household-bread as will make it thick, and three Ounces of beaten Raisins of the Sun, and one Ounce of Sugar, and about half a Pint of new Ale; stir all together, and make them boiling-hot over a clear fire, and it's done, Another. One quart of Water, as much Bread as will make it Thick, Five Ounces of Raisins of the Sun, and one Ounce of Coriander Seeds, beaten with a Glass of Ale, made boiling-hot, and then it is prepared. Another. One quart of Water and Bread, to make it as thick as a Poultice; of Sugar two Ounces, a Glass of Sack, or for want of that, other Wine, make it boiling-hot. Apply these Medicines to the Part afflicted, by spreading the Poultice pretty thick on a Linen Cloth, that will cover the whole part, somewhat warmer than milk from the Cow; but let it not be so hot as is usual, for Extremes prove generally prejudicial. Apply these Poultices every two hours at least in the day, and three or four times in the night, if the Wound be dangerous; otherwise ten times in a day and a night will do: when you take the Poultice off, put that away, and put a fresh on every time, and keep a constant Repetition for 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, or 11 days, if occasion be; but it will cure most Distempers in less time, if you observe this method: But be sure wash your sores 'twixt while, with Water and Sugar, and sometimes with Water and fresh Butter beaten together, which will keep it clean and pliant. How a Man may Live for Two Pence or Three Pence a Day very well. A Man in the Country may Live Plentifully for Two Pence a Day; for in many Countries you may have Two quarts of milk for a Penny, to which add a Pint of Water, and not half a pennyworth of Flower, and make it into Flower'd-milk, according to our Directions, and you will have a Noble Dish, sufficient for Four People, and this stands but in Three-halfe-pences; eat some Bread with it, and there is no Victuals affords better Nourishment, and that to all Ages, but especially young people. The like is to be understood of other Foods, where every one observes his time of eating, and his weight and measure of Food, and a great Trouble and Waste will thereby be avoided. As to Quantity of other Foods, we suppose that Sixteen Ounces, solid Food, to wit, Bread, Cheese, Butter, and Eggs, may be sufficient Twenty-four hours for a labouring man, and the best time for eating, we suppose to be about Eight in the Morning, and Four in the Afternoon. If the Food be Flower'd-milk, than a Pint of it, and four Ounces of Bread and Butter or Cheese, is sufficient: If Water-gruel or Pottage, a Pint and four Ounces of Bread and Cheese: If Raw milk, the same; but if Flower'd-milk with an Egg in it, Three Ounces of Bread and Butter or of Cheese, will be sufficient. If you eat Raw Salad, weigh only your Bread, ●nd about Five Ounces will be sufficient, with an Ounce of Cheese or Butter to eat after your Herbs▪ As for Puddings, Applepies, and the like, I leave ●o every one's Discretion, but you must be sparing ●nd temperate. As for Drink, Water has the first place; and a quart of Water mixed with two Spoonfuls of ground Oatmeal, and well brewed together, Ten or Twelve times out of one Porringer into another, make an Excellent Drink, and in Summertime 'tis very pleasant. In Wintertime if you make it blood warm, it will drink well; milk and water is an Excellent Drink. Thus you see a Small Matter sufficeth a Moderate Man. How the Poor may Subsist well these Hard Times for Two Pence a Day, and Less. Take a Peck of good Wheat-flower, make half of it into a Loaf, the other half keep for to use as followeth. Put to a quart of water a spoonful or two of Flower, and make it as we before d●●rected you to make Milk-pottage; eat the Brea● in quantity, so much as that it may last till your Pottage is spent. This is an Excellent Food, and affords good Nourishment; and by this, the Poor ●ay Subsist well these Hard Times for less than too Pence a Day. If you put a Quart of Milk, and a Pint of Wa●er, a Spoonful of Flower, and order it as before ●●rected; it will be Excellent and Pleasant Food. Another Cheap way for the Poor. Take a Pint of Pease, and put to them Three Quarts or a Gallon of Water, let them stand on a slow Fire two Hours, but let them not boil: then ●ake an Onion and a little Sage shred well, and ●ut into the Pease, and stir them a little; then ●ake a Spoonful of Flow●● or Oatmeal ground, and beat it well together with a little Water, and put to it, and then let your Pottage boil up a little, then put a little Salt to it. Eat with this a little Bread, and you will find it an excellent▪ nourishing and pleasant Food. To take Ink out of Paper. Take Aqua-Fortis, and dip a little of it upon the Blot, or Writing you would take out, and immediately it will disappear; then take a little Water steeped in Allom, and wash it over with it, and whe● dry, it will make it look as clear and white as a● first; otherwise, the Aqua-Fortis alone will make 〈◊〉 yellow Stain. How to Bottle Cider. In March Bottle your Cider, and if you put in a●●ut half a Spoonful of Spirit of Clary, it will make ●●e Liqu●● so perfectly resemble the best Canary, ●hat few good and exercised Palates, will be able to distinguish it. How to make Copper-look▪ as well as the Best Silver. Take Crema Tartar, two Drams, the best Leaf-Silver one Dram, and Aqua-Fortis four or five Drops: make it into a Paste, and rub it on your Copper, and immediately it will look well. FINIS. *** Lithgow's Nineteen Years Travels through the most Eminent Places of the Habitable World. Containing an Exact Description of the Customs, Laws, Religions, Policies, and Government of Emperors, Kings, and Princes; also of the Countries and Cities, Trades, Rivers, a●d Commerce in all Places where he Travelled, etc. Printed for George Conyers at the Golden-Ring in Little-Britain.