IMPRIMATUR.  
Ex Aedibus Lamb. Aug. 1. 1685. Jo. Battely RR. P. Dom. Guil. Archiep. Cantuar. a Sacris Domesticis.   

A SERMON Preached on the 26th day of July, 1685. Being the Day of  Appointed for His Majesty's Victory Over the REBELS. In the United Parishes of St. Margaret Pattons, and St. Gabriel Fenchurch, London.  
By THO. WAGSTAFFE, Chancellor of the Cathedral Church of Litchfield, and Rector of the said Parishes.  
LONDON, Printed for Walter Kettilby, at the Bishops-head in St. Paul's Churchyard, 1685.   
1 Kings I. 5. 
Adonijah the Son of Haggith exalted himself, saying, I will be King, and he prepared him Chariots, and Horsemen, and fifty Men to run before Him.  
THE Throne of David was set up and established by God himself, who (at that time) reserved to himself the particular appointment of the Kings of Israel and Judah. He first caused Saul, and then David to be anointed King. And yet, (notwithstanding God's own appointment) there were several Mutinies, Seditions, and Rebellions of his Subjects; which is a sure Evidence, that no Right of Government can be so Just, no Title to the Crown so Unquestionable and firm, which shall not be liable to the Pretences, Claims, and Disturbances, of wicked and Ambitious men. Certainly no man could question Gods Right and Power of Nomination, or that David was the Person named by him for their King. These were evident, and undoubted. And yet not only Ishbosheth the Son of Saul, and Sheba the Son of Bichri, but even two of his own Sons, lay Claim to the Sovereignty, and rise up in Rebellion against him. A plain Proof, that where the Conscience is large enough for Rebellion, it will easily slip through all other ties of Nature and Gratitude. These that could quit themselves of their Allegiance, easily discharged their Filial Duties. He that can be a Traitor to the Father of his Country, will not scruple the breach of Fidelity to his Natural Parents: He that can be a Rebel to his King, will soon make nothing of being undutiful to his Father. We have a double instance of this in David, who was an Excellent King, and a most Indulgent Father, and yet, first his Son Absalon, and here his Son Adonijah, said, I will be King, and he prepared him Chariots and Horsemen, and fifty Men to run before Him.  
He prepared Him Chariots and Horsemen and fifty men to run before him. Whether these Preparations were matters of State and Magnificence, suitable to that place of Dignity and Honour he aspired unto, or whether they were Preparations of Men, Arms, and Ammunition necessary to maintain his Rebellion. The same words are expressed of Absalon, when he first began to set up for a Rebel, 2 Sam. 15.1. And it came to pass that Absalon prepared him Chariots and Horsemen, and fifty Men to run before him. Whether therefore these are Instances and Marks of Majesty, the Royal Attendance, and Equipage, (like the King's Lifeguard) and because they claimed to be King's, they would be Royally, and like Sovereign Princes, attended, and waited on; or whether they were the joining of other Rebels, a getting together of Men and Arms to Invade the King and his Subjects; and the preparations of Chariots and Horsemen, were the forming a Rebellious Army. Which of these two is meant, (by these words) is not so very certain. But it is certain, that not only Absalon but Adonijah also, (however these words are meant) did make such preparations, did invite and procure many of the King's Subjects, (who were inclinable to Faction and Rebellion) to abet their Cause, to appear in their behalf, against their Father and Lawful Sovereign.  
In discoursing of these words I shall endeavour,  
1. To consider some Circumstances relating to Adonijahs Rebellion parallel to our own Case, to the late Rebellion.  
2. To represent the Iniquity of such and all Rebellious Attempts and Practices.  
3. To Apply the whole.  
1. Reflect on some Circumstances relating to Adonijahs Rebellion, parallel to the late Rebellion; as, The Person. The Time of His Rebellion. The Occasion of it. The Persons associating and assisting. The Defeat.  
1. The Person, Adonijah the Son of Haggith. Who this Haggith was, whether David's Wife, or his Concubine, is not expressed; but it is probable, she was some obscure woman: And the Reason of this Conjecture is, that when there is mention made of David's Sons, and of whom born, the Mothers are expressed who they were in Lineage and Descent, except Haggith, and one more. So we read 2 Sam. 3. and 1 Chron. 3. The firstborn was Amnon of Ahinoam the Jezreelitess, the second Chileab of Abigail the Wife of Nabal the Carmelite, the third Absalon the Son of Maacha, the Daughter of Talmai King of Geshur, the sixth Ithream, by Eglah David ' s Wife; but when it speaks of Adonijah, and Shephatiah, it says only that the one was the Son of Haggith, the other of Abital, without any intimation from whence, or whose Daughters they were. Which (to me) seems that they were probably his Concubines, or however of some mean Lineage, and low Extraction, otherwise there can hardly be a Reason assigned, why the Country, Tribe, or Parentage of these should not be mentioned as well as the other.  
2. The time of Adonijah ' s Rebellion, and that was some time before the Death of his Father, that Father that had been so extremely kind to him, that to enhance the foulness of his Rebellion, 'tis said immediately after the Text: And his Father had not displeased him at any time, in saying, why hast thou done so? Nothing of displeasure, but the highest kindness, the greatest expressions of tenderness and affection had always been manifested from his Father. And herein we shall not need to make the Parallel. It only differs, That the Rebellion we are delivered from, did not break out in the time of the late King (of ever blessed memory) but it comes thus near, it was hatched then, and (in all probability) would have then appeared in its own colours, Rebellion and Treason mixed with the highest ingratitude and ill nature, had it not been providentially discovered, and seasonably prevented: 'Twas then laid and contrived, and just ripe for action; but the Providence of God, and the Wisdom and Vigilance of the King, stifled it, and hindered its further appearance: 'Twas the same then in Intention, and would have been the same (and probably worse) in Execution, but that the Discovery brought some of the Conspirators to punishment, and dispersed the rest, who since associated themselves again, and (upon the King's Mercy and Indulgence, and the Ruins of the Plot) have built up, and framed this ungrateful and unnatural Rebellion.  
3. The occasion of this Rebellion, and that seems to be, that another had a better claim to the Government. There was another from God (after David) declared the rightful Successor of the Crown. God had established it in Solomon, as David himself openly declares to the People. (1 Chron. 6.5. And of all my Sons, (for the Lord hath given me many Sons) he hath chosen Solomon my Son to sit upon the Throne of the Kingdom of the Lord over Israel. 
1 Chron. 17.11, 12. etc. 22.9.  And this very thing Adonijah himself afterwards acknowledges, That the Kingdom was Solomon's from the Lord. 
1 Kings. 2.15.  Can Adonijah have been King after David's decease, 'tis probable he would not have molested him in his Life time; but when Solomon was to succeed, when he had a right from the Lord, before him; this grated his Spirits, and set him upon Projects, Conspiracies and Associations, to gain that by Fraud or Force, which he could not have by any Right, Law, or Justice. He had a mind to the Kingdom, and because God would not give it him, he would endeavour to get it himself. We do not read indeed of a Black Box to justify his false pretences, to make a legitimate Title of a spurious. But in every thing else the Parallel is too natural.  
4. The Persons associating with him, and those are expressed at the 7th Verse. And he conferred with Joab the Son of Zeruiah, and Abiathar the Priest, and they following Adonijah helped him. And here I should do a great deal of injustice to Joab, and especially to Abiathar, if I should compare with them those two Persons that assisted that late unhappy Gentleman in the Rebellion; they agree only in this, that the one was a Great Man, and the other a Priest; but in malignity and mischief, ours, especially the Priest, far exceed them.  
Joab indeed was a man of Blood and Treachery, he had basely killed Abner and Amasa, and now helped Adonijah in his Rebellion; but before he had stood by King David, and served him against Ishbosheth, and the Rebellion of Absalon and Sheba, and he had led forth his Armies, and returned victorious from several of his Enemies. But what Service hath the late Peer ever done to the Government? If to promote a Faction, to incense the Mobile, to misled the King's Subjects, to be a Conspirator against his Life and Government, and to be actually in Arms against him; if these be services, than this guilty man may have been serviceable to his King and Country. And (I conceive) no other instance, but such as these, appears of good done by him to the Kingdom, except his being taken; and that indeed is instrumental to the public good, but that was sorely against his will. And then for,  
Abiathar the Priest, it will be matter of the highest Injury, Defamation, and Indignity to his memory, to parallel with him in any Instance (except this Rebellion) That perfidious and Rebellious Priest, Contriver, Manager, and Assistant in the late Rebellion. Abiathar heretofore had been a Good and Loyal man, true to the Interest of David. And Solomon himself gives him this Character (2 Kings 2.26.) Thou barest the Ark of the Lord God before David my Father, and hast been afflicted in all wherein my Father was afflicted. And for that Reason he pardoned him his Life, tho' (for his Rebellion,) he turned him out from being Priest of the Lord. But now, where is the man that can tell any one Instance of Loyalty, Peaceableness, or Goodness, that ever came from the Mouth or Behaviour of this Man? Good Parts (they say) he has, and so had Achitophel, and so has the Devil; but surely, no Man ever reckoned them the better for their Cunning: Dexterity of Understanding, Quickness of Mind, and Policy in Affairs, are good or bad, according as the Uses are they are put to. If they tend to the Honour of God, the Good of the Church, the Peace of the Kingdom, or the Benefit of Mankind, they are truly Honourable and Worthy, and deservedly admired and esteemed; but if they serve to unhinge the Government, to breed Factions, to disquiet the People, to stir up Sedition, and Rebellion, they are Infamous and Reproachful; The better they are, the worse they are, and greater Instruments of Mischief; and if an Ability to do harm, if a Power and Art to seduce, be matter of Character or Dignity, the great Destroyer and Tempter, may put in for the greatest share, and first Station. And (I pray) to what use hath this man put his Parts? But to the carrying on the most Infamous and Vile Purposes. By a Poisonous, and Seditious Cunning, to raise Divisions and Schisms in the Church, Uproars and Mutinies in the Kingdom; to contrive and assist in the most Villainous, and Hellish Conspiracy, that ever yet appeared in the World, and to Design and Abett an open and avowed Invasion and Rebellion. These are the Fruits of this man's Parts, the Effects of his Skill. And be it for ever confessed, that he is a Man of Parts, that is, an Artist in his Way; a Man expert in all the Methods of Treason: And (to do him right) He hath refined Villainy, and improved the Science of Assassination, to a greater Height, than any that were before Him. Cursed and Cruel Natures there have been, that have put off Humanity, and thirsted for Blood, yet few ever arrived to the pitch of this Man: You may think upon Cain and Zimri, upon the Servants of Jehoash and Amaziah, who conspired against, and slew the Kings their Masters; you may Reflect upon Cassel, Parry, Garnet, the Murderers of King Charles the First, and all the Traitors, Conspirators, and King-killers, that have yet appeared in the World; and amongst them all, you will hardly find his Equal: 'Tis his Peculiar Talon, to have raised Treason, and Assassination, to a Degree above all Men; and let him have the Glory of his Parts, to have set out such a piece of Mischief, as no Wickedness can parallel, no Cruelty exceed. And as the Scriptures speak to set forth the Excellency of a Man's Virtue or Wisdom, so may it be said of such Eminency in Villainy, Before him there have been none like him, neither after him shall be any such. The Spirits of James Clement and Ravillac, were doubled on this Man; Each of Them Assassinated one King, but This was for the Murdering a Royal Family. This was the Man, that was for the Compendious Way, that is, for the Murdering (any how) at once, the Late and the Present King; This was the Man, that was so greedy of the Royal Blood, that he had raised 600 l. to buy Arms for their quick Destruction; This was the Man that (in Murderous Persuasions and Actions) far out did all the rest of the Villains; and This was the Man, that proposed the killing five or six of the Richest Citizens, to give away their Estates, to stop the Mouths of the multitude, when the first news of the King's Murder should reach them. And now are not these admirable Endowments, for a Man that calls himself a Minister of the Gospel? These are the Doctrines and Exhortations of Abaddon: Such Savage and Murderous Principles, will fit out a Chaplin to a Troup of Banditti, or a Company of Arabian Thiefs and Robbers, whose Business and Employment is to Steal and Murder, or (which is the same thing) to an Army of Rebels. The Christian Institution is too soft and gentle, too meek and mild for such a hardened and overgrown Temper. But he may be well qualified for a Priest to those Heathen Deities, delighted with Humane Sacrifices, who first slay Men, and then offer up the Flesh and Blood to their Gods. Murder would then be, (even as now it is) the Exercise of his Religion, and Priestly Function. It is not in my Nature, to speak hardly or reproachfully of any Man, but who can be Temperate on such an Occasion? A Man whose Profession is Peace and Piety, to be Author of the most Abominable Councils, and to be a Minister of the Highest Wickedness, is a Prodigy and a Monster; A Bloody Villain, in the Shape of Religion, is a Devil in the Name of God; and there is nothing in this World comes so near Satan transforming himself into an Angel of Light; as a Man pretending he is a Minister of Christ, and at the same time to be a Traitor, and a Rebel, a Murderer, and a Cutthroat.  
5. His Defeat: And this was very sudden; for as soon as Adonijah, and his Associators heard that Solomon was crowned King, that Zadock and Nathan, and Benaiah, and the Cherethites, and the Pelethites, (Men of Loyalty, Virtue, and Courage) stood by the Rightful Successor and Lawful King, against the Pretensions of Adonijah, they were presently dismayed and dispersed. 'Tis probable, they expected more of the King's Subjects to have joined them, that all the Discontented in the Land, or the Remainders of Absalom's Rebellion, would have flocked in unto them. But when by the suddenness of Solomon's Crowning, and the expeditious meeting of the Loyal Party, they saw themselves overpowered, they broke up their Rebellious Meeting, and every Man went his way, v. 41. Now the Case before us (in this particular) is not every way Parallel; the Late Rebels were not so very soon defeated, but (thanks be to God) it was not long; they did some Mischief first, and killed some Loyal and Good Men, but the King's Care and Industry prevented them from doing much: So soon as they came to a pitched Fight, God (whose Name be praised) gave the Victory to his Majesty's Forces, and the Rebels were totally routed. And This is the Matter of our Thanksgiving, and the Purpose of this Day. So it is Parallel in the Compleatness of their Dissipation, tho' not altogether in the suddenness of it. 'Tis Parallel in the cheerful and ready appearance of the King's Loyal and Dutiful Subjects to Oppose (with their Lives and Fortunes) all false Claims and Pretensions whatsoever.  
And so I have done with the first thing. Reflecting on some Circumstances, relating to Adonijahs Rebellion, parallel to the Rebellion we have been delivered from. I have not indeed been so very exact and punctual, as to point out every parallel, and to compare every particular; but where I have not, the Things are so very plain and obvious, that they compare themselves, and it would be needless to do that, which every Man's understanding cannot but supply.  
2. To Represent the Iniquity of such, and all Rebellious Attempts and Practices. And this (I must confess) is more than I can do; they are Evils of such a Size, as exceed all the Powers I have, and surpass all the Representation I can make. Some Mischiefs, like some Sorrows, are so great, that they silence all Expression, they astonish our Faculties, and are too big for vent. As there are Ecstasies of Joy, and Agonies of Pain, things that may be felt and conceived, but are so High, that no Description reaches them. So there are Quintessences of Villainy, a kind of inexpressible Wickedness, which damps and stupifies, the thoughts of which overcharge the Spirits, and possess us with a kind of Extatic Horror and Confusion. I can tell you what Fraud and Injustice is, and I can describe Theft and Murder to you: I can lay open the Vileness of unnatural Parricide: But all these together, and more; the Dismal Contrivances of Assassination, the Horrid Consequences of a Seditious Army the united Mischiefs of Treason and Rebellion; who can tell what to call them? Or where are words bad enough to express them? They overwhelm our Minds, and are not so properly Objects of our speech, as of our amazement. I shall not therefore undertake the full Representation, (for that is more than I can do); but we may (besides many others) make some Conception of the Mischiefs of it, in these two following Particulars.  
1. As it violates all the Principles of Humane Society.  
2. As 'tis contrary to the Nature and Constitution of Christianity.  
1. As it violates the Principles of Humane Society.  
The Fundamental Principles of all Humane Society, are the securing every Man's Right, and the Preservation of the whole. The Prophet speaks of a Time, when every Man shall sit under his Vine, 
Micah. 4.4.  and under his Figtree, and none shall make them afraid. 
v. 3.  But when is this? When Men shall beat their Swords into Ploughshares, and their Spears into Pruning-hooks. But not when there are Rebels in the Land, who do quite contrary, who beat their Ploughshares into Swords, and their Pruning-books into Spears. No man can sit under his Vine, can be at ease and rejoice in his Labours, and reap the Fruits of his Care and Industry, when Injustice and Spoil lie at the Doors. What can we call our own? Or what Property can secure us? When there are men of Prey and Violence, that will seize our Possessions, and take the Meat of our Mouths. What Justice to our Rights can be expected from these Men? Whose whole Pretence and Business is invading the Rights of our Sovereign. And this (I doubt not) hath been sadly experimented by many the Inhabitants of those Counties that were the Seat of the Late Rebellion. We have a Right to our Religion, and to our King. To our Lives and Possessions. To our Families, and Relations: And all these are violated by Rebellion. Rebellion is a Comprehensive Evil, and contains in it all that is Vile. 'Tis not one single Sin, but all. 'Tis not only Rebellion, (and yet that is bad enough) but 'tis Treason, and Theft, and Murder, and Perjury besides. Consider therefore what it is to have your God Dishonoured, your King Injured, your Religion Profaned, your Goods Plundered, your Churches Robbed, your Persons Killed, your Wives Ravished, and your Daughters Deflowered. Consider the Tears of Widows and Orphans, the loss of Children, the Demolishing of Edifices, the Destruction of Corn and , and all the Ravages and Devastations of Merciless and Bloodthirsty Men. And These, and all These, and much more than These, is Rebellion; In short, 'tis all the Evil the wisest Men can think, and the worst Men can act.  
But yet there is another Right in Humane Society, and that is the King's Right. For sure the Crown is not a Prize, that every Man may put in and Fight for, but a Matter of Right, an Ancient and Hereditary Right. It would certainly be one of the strangest things in the World; That when every Man's Property is secured, and made so by the King's Laws and Power, and yet He himself should have none; That every Man should enjoy the Benefit of Laws, and Society, and the King (the Head of the Society) should be in Hobs' State of Nature, and every Man had a Right to every thing of His. And if a Man can but get together Men and Arms, (tho' he cannot without Injustice to a farthing of any Man's else, yet) he may lay Claim to the King's Crown and Dignity. 'Tis Injury and Theft to desire, or take away but a pennyworth of ours: And is it nothing to Usurp upon the Government, to Invade the King's Dues, His Patrimony, and Inheritance? These are, and always have been esteemed the most Sacred and Inviolable. All Societies have been so extremely tender of the King's Rights, that the least visible Violation of them, hath always (in the Eye of the Laws) been accounted a Crime of an extraordinary Nature. The Scriptures (in this particular) confine our very Thoughts, much more all overt Acts. The King hath a Right to our Honour and Esteem, and his Interest and Dignity are wronged by insolent Thoughts, and undue Estimations; much more sure, by Reproachful Words, and Rebellious Behaviour. There is a kind of Divinity in the Persons of King's, which breeds Awe and Dread, Distance and Reverence; and there cannot be a greater Instance of a Profligate Wretch, 
2 Pet. 2.10.  than to break down the Pale of Majesty, and not to be afraid to speak Evil of Dignities. But when there are Men that defy God, and Contemn the Divine Majesty, it is not to be wondered, if they do as much to his Vicegerent; if there are State-Atheists, who have so far shaken off all Reverence and Duty, as impiously to vilify the Persons, and attempt upon the Interests and Safeties of Kings. But these have been always accounted the Pests of the Earth, who have violated all the Principles of Humanity, and broke through all the Bonds of Society; Men who have defied God, Nature, and the Laws. The King's Honour, Person, Life, and Government, have been always secured by all the Ties and Fences that Wisdom and Law can make, and an Invasion of Them, is the highest Sin a Man in Society can be guilty of.  
And this is not only the Sense of Mankind, but manifest also from the Nature of the thing. Without This, Society can never be preserved, the Kingdom and the Interests of it secured, and the Ends of Government answered. For 'tis a vain thing to expect this, where the Supreme and Governing Power is exposed to Outrage and Violence. How can the Kingdom be secure, if the Government be not? How should the King protect his People, and administer Justice, and Right among them? If he himself is not protected, if his own Rights are open to Invasion. It is necessary therefore for our sakes, as well as for the King's, that his Rights be maintained. Every Stroke against Him, is a Wound to the whole Kingdom. Every Injury to Him, is Injustice to all the People. And (whatever distinctions Republican Men may make between the Court and the Country) the King's Rights are the best preservative of the People's, and the Security of the Government, is the best Hold any Man hath for his own Safety. If the King's Right be liable to Question and Uncertainty, to be disputed by the Claims, and Pretences of every Man that hath a Mind to it; like a Disease in the Head, it affects the whole Body, and the whole Kingdom will be always in Palsies, Tremble, and Convulsions, there can be nothing of Peace and Order, all will be Confusion and Combustion, it will be in a perpetual State of War, and every Man against every Man.  
The King's Security therefore, and the Preservation of his Rights, hath the greatest Influence on the Good of the whole, and is the most necessary Principle of Public Safety. And Consequently, that must be a very great Evil, that Infringes or Invades them. For proportionable to the Excellency and Goodness of a Thing that is Violated, must be the Malignity of that which Violates it. As words that are but a Scandal, or a threatening against a Common Man, may be Treason, when spoke against the King, and Blasphemy when against God. Rebellion therefore is the greatest Offence that can be committed, with Reference to Humane Society. Both as it is against the Sacred Person of the King; and also as it undermines that Power, Authority, and Protection, which is Necessary to the Security of all Public Societies. The Advocates of the Late 
* Cromwell.  Usurper, make use of this Argument. 
Hobbs Leviathan.  That because he had got the Force and Protection of the Kingdom into his Hands, he was to be obeyed, and not to be resisted, for that the Attempts against Him would hazard the public safety, 
Hall of Richmond of Government and Obedience.  etc. The strength of which (as it Relates to Usurpation, and the Villainous Means of attaining the Government) I shall not now examine; 
White of Obedience and Government. Dr. J. Goodwin, Queries. And generally all that undertook that usur per Cause, ofter his Success.  only infer, that the Argument is much more forcible against Rebellion and Resistance; when the Power and Government is in the Hands of a Lawful and undoubted Sovereign.  
2. The Nature and Constitution of Christianity. And in the whole Tenor of our Religion, there is scarce any thing of any kind, but what directly opposes all Rebellious Attempts and Practices. Let us look upon those Graces that adorn Christianity, that are the most Eminent in Religion, and we shall find, they are utterly inconsistent with a Spirit of Rebellion. There is Truth, Humility, Modesty, Meekness and Justice; And there is Charity, Patience, Forgiveness, Peaceableness, and Contentedness. And are these Rebellious Virtues? Do these teach Men to be Unquiet and Seditious? To be Uneasy and Impatient under Government? To vilify and reproach their Governors? To seek the Rights of other Men? And to Invade the Crown? Nothing in the whole World is so contrary. In short, these are Virtues, without which 'tis impossible to be a Christian, and with which 'tis impossible to be a Rebel. And if Religion had done no more but this, if it had only obliged Men to be Humble and Honest, to be Patient and Contented, to be Peaceable and Orderly in their Stations; it had been abundantly sufficient, to restrain any Man, (that had but the least Conscience, or Sense of Religion) from being Mutinous, Factious, or Rebellious. For let a Man but Conscientiously observe any one of these Virtues, and 'tis as impossible for him, (while he does so) to be a Traitor, as 'tis for a man (at the same time) to be a Christian and a Turk. But Christianity hath gone much further; It hath not left the Measures of our Obedience in Generals, but hath given particular and express Orders concerning it; and those as Direct, Peremptory, and Full, as any Laws ever have, or can make. It commands us to give the King his Deuce; and that sure is not by Invading his Birthright; it enjoins us to pray for Him, and that is not done by Vilifying and Aspersing Him, by penning and sending forth Reproachful and Treasonable Declarations against Him. It obliges to obey Him for Conscience sake; and this is not done by Contemning His Authority, and disowning His Government. It Commands us (if there be Occasion) to Suffer, but upon no account to Resist; and this sure is not complied with by bearing of Arms, and rising in Actual Rebellion against Him. Now these Injunctions of the Gospel are as plain and positive as words can make them: And it is not possible to find out Words more express and full than these. Let every Soul be subject unto the Higher Powers: 
Rom. 13.1.2.  Whosoever resisteth the Power, resisteth the Ordinance of God, and they that resist, shall receive to themselves Damnation. These are so plain, that a man that owns Christianity, must have a strange Conscience, to evade the Force of them. Those therefore that have had Wickedness enough to Rebel, and would fain draw in Religion for Countenance, have been very hard put to it, to shift the Evidence and Strength of these Precepts. They are so clear, that they cannot do with them, (as they do with some other parts of Scripture) wrist them to a contrary sense, (for no man can believe that Libelling the King is praying for Him, or that rising up against him with Swords and Guns is not resisting him.) They therefore fall foul upon them, and tell you, These were Doctrines calculated for the first Times, 
Dr. J. Goodwin Anticavilerisme.  when Christianity was Weak, and the Number of its Professors few, 
Observat. on the P. of Orange. Julyan. Apost. etc.  and not able to engage the Power and Forces of Kings. But are no Rules, and binding, where is Men, Arms, and strength enough. This indeed makes quick Work of it, and if it were sufficient, would presently evacuate all the Precepts of the Gospel; you might be as licentious and Villainous as you pleased, you might be as Revengeful, Cruel, and Uncharitable as you thought fit; you might Cheat and Defraud as many as you could; 'tis but saying, the Precepts of Forgiveness, Meekness, and Honesty, were accommodated for the first Times, and all is well, and your Conscience at ease. Suppose a Man had a mind to kill his Father, and Murder his Master, and possess himself of his Goods, 'tis but saying, the Commands of Duty to Parents, and Fidelity to Masters, are Temporary, and there is no harm done. I know they do not say so; but I know likewise, that no Mortal Man can give a reason, why the one should be temporary, and not the other; there is no such limitation expressed in one, more than the other, and if the Nature of the thing be consulted, there is more Reason for the continual Obligation to Obedience: For Government is perpetual, and so must Subjection be too, for they are Relatives. And Obedience to Government is more necessary (with reference to the welfare of Mankind) than either Common Honesty or Filial Duty. And I wonder what those (that urge this) can say to that Text, (Rom. 13.5.) Ye must needs be Subject, not only for Wrath, but also for Conscience sake. Not only for Wrath, that is, not only because the King hath a coercive Power, and can Compel and Punish, (which is the very thing, and all that they insist upon) but also upon another ground, for Conscience sake, with Respect to God, and Christ, and the Principles of his Religion; which in another place, is therefore expressed, for the Lord's sake, 2 Pet. 2.13. Christian Obedience is founded, not in Force, because the Government is stronger; but in Conscience, because God commands it. All the Duties of Religion are to be done for Conscience sake; but 'tis somewhat remarkable, That (of all the rest) this only of Subjection to Authority, should be so expressed; which as it evidences the great Stress the Gospel lays upon this Duty, so it takes away all manner of tergiversation and subterfuge, (for hereby all Rebellious Distinctions and Pretences are obviated.) Conscience is always pretended for Rebellion; and can there be any thing more plain, than that we must needs be Subject for Conscience sake; that is, from a Principle of Religion, from the Laws of the Gospel, the same Principle that is the Guide and Rule of our Consciences? 'Tis not therefore the King's Power and Strength, but the Conscience of our Duty to God, that makes Christians obey. There are two Obligations to Obedience; the one is Coercion, and this is over Brutes, or Brutish Natures, ungovernable and Seditious Tempers, that need Force and Compulsion, and must be held as with a Bridle. The other is Conscience, and this is a Government over Good Men, who yield a Free and Generous Obedience, as acting under the Laws and Authority of Christ. Every good Christian lives in Subjection by Virtue of his Religion, and the Principles of his Conscience. And (to come yet further, to this fulsome Objection) Christian Religion (which is the Law of Conscience, and the Director of all Christians actions) is not a fraudulent and deceitful Institution; to accommodate its Doctrines (as these Men represent it) to Times and Seasons, and not to the Nature of things, and Rules of Common Equity. To teach Obedience only to serve a turn with, to order Men to be patiented and submissive, till they could get Numbers to be otherwise, is the most dishonourable and Base, and the Foulest thing that can be said of any Institution; it makes it not a stayed Rule of Practice, but a Cheat and Trepan. There may be Evil Men, that can show Tricks, and make fair Shows, till they have opportunity to do their Mischief. But this is not possible for a Law, and much less for the best of Laws, the Gospel, which is always even, and true, always the same to day, to morrow, and for ever. The first Christians were to obey, and not to Resist their Rulers, and so are we; and that not for Reasons variable and alterable, according to Times and Seasons, but by a standing Rule, by Conscience, a perpetual Principle, binding to us, and to all Christians to the end of the World. The Law therefore is Good, but there are bad Men, who would fain Transform it into their own Likeness; They are quiet when they dare not be otherwise, and resolve to be in Subjection, but till they can get strength to Rebel; and they would put this Vizor on Religion, and make Christianity as Hypocritical as themselves. They will obey no longer than there is Force to make them. And Thanks be to God, the King hath been strong enough for them; and God grant He may always be so, to keep those in their Allegiance by his Power, whom no Conscience can hold, no Principles of Religion can contain in their Duty.  
3. Apply the Whole.  
1. Let us dispose our Hearts and Souls, to give unfeigned Thanks and Praise to the most Gracious God, for Influencing and prospering His Majesty's Forces, and Defeating our Enemies. For this purpose we are now met together, and to this, the Nature of the Thing, and the foregoing Discourse engages us. For if Rebellion be (as you have heard, and as in realitty it is) the worst of Evils, the most Pernicious to all Governments and Societies: Then let the Sense of our Deliverance from it, Influence our Hearts, with suitable Affections, and Devotion to our Deliverer. 'Tis true, Rebellion and unjust Claims do very seldom prevail, God (who is the Patron of Right) usually Protects the just Cause, exerts his Providence in the behalf of the Innocent, and will not suffer Right to be oppressed by an Usurper, and wrongful Invader. And we (of this Nation) have had several Instances of God's Power and Goodness, who hath often miraculously appeared in behalf of the Rightful Title to the Crown. But this should not diminish, but advance our Gratitude: And the more Experience we have had of Almighty Mercy, the more should we enlarge ourselves towards Him in expressions of Duty. We own much indeed to the King's Wisdom and Care, to the Parliaments Pious and Loyal Endeavours, to the Valour and Conduct of the King's Military Officers, to the Resolution and Courage of the Soldiers. To all which respectively (in their differing Spheres and Stations) is our praise and thanks proportionably due. But let God have his Honour also; Men are but Instruments, God is the Supreme Actor, and all Successes (how wisely soever things are managed) depend upon His Providence. The Wretches themselves that contrived the Horrid and Black Rye-Assassination, when they were disappointed by a Wonderful Providence, 
Fire at Newmarket.  could say, that God's Hand was in it. And let us sure (who reap the Benefit of that and this present Deliverance) be as forward to see, and also to acknowledge the Divine Clemency, which rescued our King, and ourselves, from the Hands, and Outrages of Ravenous and Bloody Men. 
Bs. 121.1.  Let us look unto the Hills from whence cometh our help, our help cometh from the Lord, the Lord strong and mighty in Battle. Let us adore that Goodness, and open our Souls to our Mighty Deliverer, the God of our Salvation. The King shall rejoice in the Lord, 
Ps. 63.11.  and let us all come before his Presence with joy, and thanksgiving: For the Lord hath done Marvellous Things, his Right Hand, and his Holy Arm hath gotten him the Victory. Blessed be God that hath subdued our Adversaries, and given Peace to his Kingdom. Blessed be God that hath Blasted the Conspiracies and Attempts against our Lawful Sovereign, and his Government: and Blessed be God that hath preserved us, and all that is dear to us, from becoming a Prey to Unjust, Cruel, and Merciless Men. O Lord, 
Ps. 36.6, 7.  thou preservest Man and Beast; How excellent is thy Lovingkindness, O God therefore the Children of Men put their trust under the shadow of thy Wings.  
2. Let us follow our Thanksgiving home, let us pursue it into our Consciences, that it may become a principle of Life and Action: They are but cold and empty Words, sent into the Air, which do not beat back upon our Hearts, and affect us with Piety and Duty. We then pray right, when our Practices are of the same Temper with our Prayers. Let our Thanksgiving therefore and our Lives agree, let us exemplify it in the Loyalty of our Behaviour: 'Tis a Fictitious Thanksgiving, that does not Influence our Hearts. Let us therefore answer our Praises to God with an utter Abhorrence and Detestation of all Sedition and Rebellion Let not a Mutinous, and ungovernable Thought be found among us; Let Rebellion be for ever Scattered with the Rebels, and let no Stubbornness and Faction, no Associating, nor Conspiring against Authority, be any more heard in our Streets. This is to Cooporate with God in his Mercies. He hath preserved the King, and the Government. Let us do our Parts, and be conscientiously Subject. This our Present Thanksgiving, This our True Interest, and This, our best Religion obliges us to. There cannot be a more Loyal Man in the whole World, than a Protestant of the Church of England as 'tis Established by Law. And he that is really so, cannot have the least Tendency, the least Inclination to Resistance. Let us therefore do what our God, our King, and our Religion would have us: Let us keep the Feast, not with the Old Leaven of Faction and Sedition, but with Sincerity and Truth; With Devotions answerable to the Mercies we Celebrate, with Hearts inflamed with Holy Gratitude to God, and Loyal Zeal to the King and his Government. 
Prov. 24.21  My Son, fear God and the King, and meddle not with them that are given to Change.  
Which Improvement that we may all make of it, God of his Mercy grant, through Jesus Christ our Lord. To whom, etc.  
FINIS.