A BRIEF CHRONICLE OF All the chief Actions so fatally falling out in these three Kingdoms; viz.  
England, Scotland & Ireland, From the year, 1640. to this present twentieth of November, 1661.  
CONTAINING The unhappy Breaches, sad Divisions, the great Battles fought, number of men, with the Eminent Persons of Honour and note slain, with several Debates and Treaties.  
ALSO, The happy Escape by a Wonderful deliveverance of His Majesty at Worcester, more fully expressed then hitherto: with His Majesty's happy return, together with what passages of note happened to this present November, 1661.  
The like exact account hath not as yet been printed.  
LONDON: Printed for William Lee, at the Turks-Head in Fleetstreet. 1662.   

TO THE READER.  
Courteous Reader,  
This useful Manual which hath been so long desired, now offers itself to your hands, the English Iliads in a nutshell, being comprised in such an Epitome and Abridgement; yet with so much perspicuity, faithfulness and truth, as would be allowance enough for a reasonable volumn.  
Even same small and minute actions, where (like little wires that give motion to the grand Engine) they had to the main design, are here registered, with a most exact Chronology of their time; but as to passages of greater moment, the actions of the Field, Leagures, Stratagems, storming of Towns and Castles, they have roomy place here, without that bustle they made in the Kingdoms.  
And that the memory of those Noble and Valiant Persons who fell, and who survived this fatal War, might be orderly transmitted to posterity, we have also inserted them in their several stations of Command, Life and Death, the irreparable loss of whom fell chiefly on the Royal and justest side.  
Abundance of English blood hath been shed profusely in several Quarrels, both at home and abroad before, but never such a slaughter as this, so that it passeth easy Arithmetic, which causeth that the gross of the numbers slain, is as much (of the multitude) as could be recovered.  
But behold the greatest misery of this War, the issue of it when it was past, was ten times worse than the War itself, like the Viper, that expires in the production of many: The Medusa of War, brought forth a Hydra of Peace, in a Serpentine Commonwealth, and Democratical Anarchy, we had lost what was pretended to be fought for, as soon as we had done fight: such our fury, such our strange fate.  
This obliged the Collector of this Chronicle to proceed in the tracing of those (till then) untrodden steps of Government, through all the changes and variations during the Usurpation; wherein you shall find all the most considerable passages and remarks of State, of the War and Treaties abroad with Foreign Princes and Commonwealths, particularly set down, so conform to the Originals, that herein you will have the pleasure to see all over again, which with sorrow you so lately underwent, with the happy restitution of His Majestic, and other passages deduced to this present day.  
Olim haec meminisse juvabit. Thine, W. Lee. Novemb 18. 1661.   

A Brief CHRONICLE OF THE Civil Wars OF England, Scotland, and Ireland, From 1640. to the end of the Year, 1661.  
NO higher or greater cause can be assigned for this war (setting aside the sins of all Times and Nations, to which the Justice of Heaven is seldom long a Debtor) but the fate and catastrophe of Kingdoms and Monarchies, which do at certain periods of time taste of that vicissitude and mutability, to which other sublunary things are more frequently subjected.  
The secondary causes of it, are so many and so uncertain, so variously reported and believed, that it would spend the paper allotted to this Epitome in ascertaining them; therefore to contain and keep within the limits of this designment, something only stall be said of them that was obvious to every eye, not favouring of partiality or affection 〈…〉.  
Many disorders and irregularities there were in the State no doubt contracted through a long and lazy peace bolstered up with an universal trade which procured a general wealth, the patent of wantonness; the excess of National riches being but as the burden which the A● carries, and mistakes for provender; people being only the better enabled to sustain the future misery with their present plenty.  
These conceived abuses in the menage of the State, like ill Humours, where they find an equal resistance, or over power of Nature, sunk and descended upon the Ecclesiastical regiment too impotent to sustain those general assaults which were given it. The first complaint of the people was maladministration and delinquency of some about the King; this terrified but a few, though it reached the life of that incomparable Statesman the Earl of Strafford; some others dreading more the popular fury then their objected crimes, withdrawing and absenting themselves from the present storm impending.  
After the Earl of Strafford was beheaded at Tower hill (the King being forced to assent to the Bill for his execution) all things ●un a main with●unany stop to the ensuing breach and confusion. The Axe had but tasted of that blood, of which it soon after glutted itself, all persons of all rank; and conditions, King, Lords, Bishops, Knights, Gentlemen, Ministers, Mechanics, suffering under its edge. A remarkable thing, the parallel of it being no where in our English Chronicles, but so that blood of strafford's was at last expiated, 〈◊〉 will be seen in the series of our late unhappy troubles.  
When this fatal business was over, than began the cry, No Bishops, no Bishops, who were at last by an Act of Parliament extorted from the King devoyded and barred from sitting and voting in the House of Lords, or exercising any remporal Jurisdiction; to this the Parliament were the better induced, and the more strongly inclined from several complaints made to them, which were before famous through the Nation, of their haid and barbarous usage of several Ministers and others, for the business of non-conformancy: Amongst the rest the case of Mr. Pryn, Mr. Burton, Dr. Bastick were very notorious. These men at this time in the beginning of our troubles were brought from their prisons in distant remote parts of England, in triumph to London, and soon after most of the Bishop; committed to the Tower, under no less than a charge of High Treason, which being not to be evidenced, most of them were after some time dismissed upon bail, only the Archbishop of Canterbury and Bishop of Ely were reserved to their Justice.  
Many honest Patriots there were no doubt of that party which inclined to the clipping and abridging the power of the Hierarchy which they so unhappily mistake, the importunities of the people made others, otherwise principled to swim with the stream; but no sooner this Fit was over, but we were ●eised all over with the disease of a Civil War.  
The King had been so affronted with the daily tumults which those for Justice against Straford, and No Bishops brought with them, & had so often moved for the prevention and remedy thereof, in vain, that having certain intelligence who the Grandees were that abetted those riotous Assemblies, and also had had a hand in the Scorch Troubles, whose untoward issue and conclusion lay heavy upon his heart, he resolved to seize them in the Parliament-house, and so bring them to a speedy Trial.  
This was attempted by the King, but the birds were flown, notice being given the House of Common by one Langrish, a Servant of the Queens, of the Kings coming thither to demand the Five Members: But the business ended not so, the House vote it a breach of privilege, and complain o● evil Counsellors about the King's person, who not able or willing longer to endure those indignities oftered daily at his Court gates, leaves Whitehal, and departs from Hampton Court, and soon after the Five Members return to their places in the House, guarded thither in much bravery by the Trained Bands by water.  
This added fuel to the fire, that was now ready to flame; nor could another combustion in the sister Kingdom of Ireland, which broke forth in October some two months before give them caution to look to this at home.  
The manner of the breaking forth, and the discovery of that Irish Rebellion was as followeth.  

Anno Domini, 1641.  
ON the 23. day of October, 1641. that horrid Rebellion broke forth there, that day they intended to seize the Castle of Dublin, the Irish being every where else risen and in arms, but the design was discovered by one Owen Conally, an Irish Gentleman by birth and family, but a retainer to Sir john Clotworthy, who being acquainted with the plot by one of the Rebels leaping over a set of pales, whether he pretended to go and ease himself, escaped by the favour of a dark night, ran away, and informed the Lord Justice Parsons with the whole design.  
Upon this discovery the Lord Mack Gutre, 
October  and one Mr. Mac Mahon were seized in Dublin, the Town, though in a most terrible fright, was presently put into a posture of defence. Advice was sent throughout the Kingdom of Ireland of the Rebellion, but all too late, for it was universal, and no part of the Kingdom where they were not risen; so that a Proclamation against them, and all raising of Arms, was the best present remedy.  
Notwithstanding the Rebels under the command of Sir Phelim Oneal as General, 
Novem.  seize all Ulster except the Castle of Eneskelin, sparing for a while the Scotch Plantations there; but growing so numerous, that they dreaded not any supplies from the vicinity of Scotland, they at last force them, plunder them, and garrison the cheil places of strength.  
Sir Phelim Oneale taketh Dundalk, 
Decem.  and publisheth his Declaration, called, The Declaration of the Catholic Confederate Subjects of his Majesty's Kingdom of Ireland, snuffed with many shows of their Religion and Loyalty as could be; and which is notable, asserting that they did it to remove that Tyranny put upon their consciences, in imitation of their fellow-subjects of Scotland, who got a privilege by that course.  
Presently after they besieged Tredah, 
〈◊〉 ●●odah alleged  but after several encounters betwixt the besieged, their relief being defeated at Gillington-bridge, by reason of a mutiny amongst them and the Rebels: The Town was at last freed by a strong assistance and supply sent them from Dublin, under the command of Sir Henry Titchburn, who soon after, upon the dislodgement of the Enemy from the Town, 
F●●▪ relleved  followed him, overtook him, and routed him, recovering Dundalk again by storm, putting all to the sword, while Oneale hardly escaped over the river, and so fled.  
Leave we this Kingdom in a forlorn, miserable condition, and cast an eye homeward. 
Jan. 10. T●● K●ng removeth from the parliament.  The King was departed from Hampton Court, thence in company with his Queen and his Daughter the Princess of Aurange to Dover to see them shipped for Holland; he returned straight to Greenwich, from thence having the Prince in his company to theobald's. Still the difference widened more and more according as he removed from London, to which he was importunately desired to return by both Houses by the members thereof who continued sitting; though the Grandees of the Faction were well contented with what distance he kept from them, as rendering their pretended jealousies and fears more and more credible to the deluded people. From Thoballs the misundestandings still increasing betwixt the King and his Two Houses, he removed Northward, first to Royston, thence to Newmarket, and in conclusion to York, having received and answered several messages from the Parliament by the way.  
The principal difference between the King and them was the Militia, this was disputed betwixt them, the King claiming it as an unseparable right of the Crown, and the Houses urging the management of it for present satisfaction and safety, and had thereupon nominated Officers, which designation the King disallowed, and now the rupture was visible.   

Anno Domoni 1642.  
THe Gentry and the Generality of the County of York, proffer to raise a Guard from amongst themselves for the King's person; 
March. The King at York  in the mean time, the Parliament desire him that the Magazine might be removed from Hull; at which the King being displeased, goes from York, and demands the said Town, stores, and Magazines therein, to be delivered to him, which the Governor, Sir john Hotham, presenting himself on his knees upon the walls, refused to do, save, that if the King with some small retinue would enter, 
Excluded H● April.  he freely might.  
This affront very much nealed his Majesty, so that he did very sharply complain of it to the Parliament, but they rather justified Sir john Hotham, then gave the King any satisfaction, which made him attempt, for his Honour sake, something against the Town by force, in which enterprise some twenty of the King's Guards were killed, and so he retreated to Beverley; where he found a very great addition of Gentlemen from all parts of the Kingdom, who with their duty, presented him their service.  
In the mean while the Parliament was intent on the business of levying Arms, 
May  though several Patriots of both Houses did what they could to persuade to an accommodation, amongst whom Sir Benjamin Rudyard was one of the chief, who all along warned them of the miseries of a Civil War, and what a shame it would be to them in after times, and so consequently to all Parliaments, if when the King had condescended so far they should proceed to the effusion of blood upon so unnecessary a quarrel; he died soon after the first blood was drawn; and that speech of his on his deathbed is very remarkable, Mr. Pym and Mr, Hamden (saith he) the Grandees of the then Faction) told me, That they thought the King so ill-beloved by his Subjects, that he could never be able to raise an Army to oppose them, which mistake of theirs cost many thousand live.  
Nom the Militia was on foot, 
June, the militia set on foot.  every where the Parliaments 'Cause had the precedency of affection, their Ordinances being obeyed like Acts; wherefore the King prohibited by Proclamation any Levies, Musters, or of his Subjects any where in England, without his command and setton foot his Commission of Array; which the Parliament likewise inhibit to be obeyed any where, but neither of them signified any thing to those that were bend and inclined to each Cause; so that the preparations for War both of Men, Horse, Money and Arms went on very fast, especially on the Parliament; side at London, where all persons of all ages and Sexes contributed so excessively to the furtherance of the War, that the sum which it amounted unto is almost incredible. This money was borrowed upon the credit of the PUBLIC FAITH, a name much adored then, and as much contemned and hated now.  
The King finding how the pulse of these distracted Kingdom; 
July  did beat, giving symptoms of some violent disease and distemper approaching, redoubled His instances to the Houses for peace, adjuring them to prevent that bloodshed now so threatening and imminent, and they regest the like entreaties and obtestation● upon him (but not bating an ace, or receding a tittle from their first Demands) so that there was no hopes or likelihood of a Pacification.  
His Majesty therefore having called the Gentry of York together at a Rendezvous, protested his unwillingness, as well as unprovidedness for a War, desiring (if he should be thereunto compelled) their assistance in the maintenance of His most just Cause, and then departed for Lincolnshire to Newark whether he had sent before his Letters Mandatory to my Lord Willoughby of Parham, charging him to desist from raising levying opexercising any forces within that County, by virtue of his Commission from the Parliament, wherein nevertheless he had proceeded. Here the King convened the Gentlemen of this County, and made to them the like protestations, and having received some small Supplies returned back again to York. At the same time the Parliament were listing men apace, appointed their General, and the Superior Officers of the Army.  
At York the King made the Marquis of Hertford Lieutenant General of the Western Counties, intending forthwith himself to set upon Hull (a place he had designed once to have made a magazine for Ireland to reduce those Rebels, which he had often declared to the two Houses, but they would by no means consent to it) but upon deliberate advice he pass by ●t, only making one attempt near it, to show his just indignation, and to satisfy his Honour, where ●e lost unhappily some twenty men, and marched directly into Nottinghamshire.  
About the beginning of August he came to Nottingham Town, 
August, the Kin● sets up his Standard at Nottingham.  and on the tenth of the same Month, published his Royal Proclamation, commanding and enjoining all his Subjects to the Northward of Trent and twenty miles Southward, to Rendezvous at Nottingham the 23. of that instant, where he, according to the purpose of his Proclamation, set up his Standard, where appeared 5 or 6000 m●n.  
After a view and Muster of these Royal Volunteers, the King proceeded to the nomination of a General, who was the Right Honourable the Earl of Lindsey, 
August  General formerly for the Ro●hil Expedition; and the Parliament made Robert Earl of Essex, their Captain General, the Earl of Bedford General of the Horse, Essex about this time departed from London in great state and magnificence.  
The King leaves Nottinghamshire and marched into Staffordshire, 
Sept. th● King 〈◊〉 Shrewsbury.  thence into Leicestershire, caressing the Gentry all the way he went, so into the Confines of Wales, and sat down at last in Shresbury, where he much increased his strength; whereupon the Earl of Essex was ordered to advance towards the King, and hinder his new Levies, having then Commission to rescue the King out of the hands of his evil Councillors. He marched therefore from S. Alban into Northampton, being strong, to the number of 14000 men.  
Portsmouth was now taken by Sir john Merrick, 
Portsmouth taken, Aug. 2.  having first surprised Southsea Castle, and held for the Parliament: Co●●o. Goring being forced to yield it, the Town being commanded by that Castle, before the Marquis of Hertford could come to the relief of it, being then besieged in Sherburn by the Earl of Bedford; Goring, according to agreement, passing for the present over into France.  
The Earl of Essex advanceth into Worcestershire, 
A skirmish in Worcestershire  while the Army stayed still at Shrewsbury, expecting forces out of Southwales; to prevent the conjunction of whom, Essex sent a party of horse under the command of Colonel Sands, betwixt whom, and Prince Rupert, and the Lord Byron, happened a smart encounter in the lanes near Worcester City, where at first the Parliament Army had the better, but Prince Rupert falling in the Rear, forced them to leave their design: Colonel Sands was desperately wounded, his Major Douglass was killed, with the loss of threescore men, nevertheless, Essex hastily advancing, the Cavaliers quitted Worcester, which was Garrisoned for the Parliament.  
While the Earl of Essex stayed here about settling the Militia, the King passed directly away from Shrewsbury, where he had coined money out of the Plate freely brought him by the Gentry, to London, having got the start of Essex, who thereupon doubled his haste after him; the King therefore resolved to fight him, and stayed at Keynton, whether next morning came the Essexians.  
Sunday the 23 of Octob. 
Octo 23. Edg-hill Fight.  being the same day twelvemonth, the Irish Rebellion broke forth, both Armies met at the bottom of Edge-hill, from which the King's forces descended to the fight. The Earl of Linsey commanded the main body, Prince Rupert commanded the right wing, the left was commanded by the Lord Wilmot. Of the Parliaments side, the Earl of Essex commanded the battle, Sir james Ramsey the left wing of horse, and Sir William Balfour, and Sir Philip Stapleton the left. Prince Rupert suddenly overthrew the left wing of horse under Ramsey, but overcharging, and following the pursuit too far, Essex seeing the King's foot destitute on that side, charged furiously, where the General Lindsey fight with a half pike in his hand afoot, was wounded (of which he presently died) and taken, and his Son the Lord Willoughby coming to his rescue, was taken with him; The Standard-bearer also, Sir Edmund Varney (so valiantly the Parliamentarians pressed upon the King's foot) was killed, and the Standard seized, but freed again by Sir john Smith, who was Knighted under it, and it committed to his defence. Here was also killed the Noble Lord Aubigney, with sundry other inferior Officers. On the Parliaments side were slain the Lord S. john of Bletso, who died presently of his wounds, being offered in exchange for the Lord Willoughby, and Col. Tho. Essex newly come from Worcester. The number of the slain on both sides was very near equal, in the whole amounting to near 5000 men, and the victory remained as equal betwixt them, the Earl of Essex lodging that night (which parted the fray) upon the field where they fought, and the King ascending the hill from whence he came down that morning, keeping great fires all the night.  
The Earl of Essex next day marched towards Coventry, and the King by Ayno, where his Army refreshed themselves, to Banbury, which was presently delivered to him, and so to Oxford.  
The King marched from Oxford, 
Novem.  where by the way to London, came Commissioners from the Parliament, rendering Propositions, and desiring that during the Treaty, the King's Army should march no nearer this way, to spin time, while Essex could recruit his Army; therefore the King advanced from C●lebrook, and came to Brainford, 
Nou. 1 Bramfor Fight.  where part of the Parliaments Army, being the Regiments of Col. Hollis, Hambden●, and the L. Brooks, for a while maintained themselves stoutly, but being overpowered, some were driven into the river, and there drowned, and 300 slain, and as many taken prisoners. This brought a general consternation upon the City of London, all shops were shut up, and all the Regiments, both Trained-Bands and Auxiliary were drawn out, so that the Earl of Essex had a most complete and numerous Army o● a sudden. Hereupon the King presently marched away, fearing to be encompassed by the Parliamentarians, over Kingston-bridge (which he broke down, to stop the pursuit Essex made after him) to Reading, and so to Oxford, where he took up his Winter quarters.  
The Cities of Winchester and Chichester delivered to the Parliament, 
Decem●  Marlborough to the King, and my Lord Hopton prevailed against the Earl or Stamford; several Towns taken for the King in the West, others for the Parliament in the North.  
Cyrencester had been Garrisoned by the Parliament Forces of Gloucester, 
Cirencester stoemed Febr. 1. March  being the midway betwixt that City and Oxford, upon this place Prince Rupert had a design, though his march that way was given out for the regaining of Shudly Castle, out of which Col. Massey had smothered the Cavaleirs with wet hay, for after he had passed some ten miles beyond Cirencester he suddenly returned back, and surprising the Guards, within two hours' time became Master of the place, putting the Earl of Stamfords' Regiment to the sword, who made a stout opposition, taking 1100 prisoners, and 8000 Arms, and other provisions for war, it being newly made a Magazeen. From thence the Prince came before Gloucester, summoned the Town and departed.  
The Lord Brooks and Northampton were in Arms against each other in the Counties of Warwick and Stafford, 
My Lord Brook killed at. Litchfield.  where several small skirmishes had been between them, at last in March the Lord Brook came and besieiged Litchfield Close, garrisoned by the King, and as he was viewing the approaches to it out of a window in the Town, a single bullet from the Close shot him in the head through the eye, of which he fell down dead, nevertheless the siege was continued, and the Close delivered to the Parliamentarians.  
In the North the Queen landed at Bridlington Bay with some supplies of money and Arms for the King, and with her, Lieut. Gen. King, she was conveyed to York, and afterwards met the King at Edge-hill where the fight had been. And so ended this year with the surrender at Malmsbury to the Parliament again, and the defeat of the Lord Fairfax, who was chief of the Parliaments forces in the North of ‛ Bramham, by the Earls of Newcastle and Cumberland. Scarborough delivered to the King by Brown Bushel.   

Anno Domini, 1643.  
PRince Rupert having coasted the Country from Gloucester into Wales, 
May Litchfie●●etaken ●y the King.  returned back by Litchfield, intending to reduce it again, he had not long lain before it, but he compelled the Garrison to surrender: To the relief hereof Sir john Gell, and Sir William ' Brereton, having gathered a considerable strength marched; these were met by part of Prince rupert's forces, and some under the command of the valiant Earl of Northampton, 
TheE of Noth●mprton slain.  where the said relief was defeated, Sir john Gell routed, though the victory cost dear, through the loss of that brave Earl, who refusing quarter was killed by a private Soldier.  
After General Essex had recruited his Army with new supplies, 
April 6 Reading besieged  the first thing he attempted was the siege of Reding, which being manfully defended by Sir Arthur Aston till he received a wound on his head by the falling of a brick-bat, and the relief brought by the King himself from Oxford being worsted at Caversham-Bridge, after ten days siege was yielded by Col. Fielding (then substituted Governor) to the Parliament.  
In the North things went something equaller than before on the Parliaments side, 
May  Sir Thomas Fairfax had defeated the King's Forces under the Marquis of Newcastle at Wakefield, and hoyed up the sinking interest of that Cause. Monmouth likewise was taken by the Parliaments Forces, as also Worder Castle; but in the West the King prevailed, my Lord Hopton commanded there, 
16 Stratton fight.  being a valiant and expert Royalist, for the Parliament the Earl of Stamford, and Colonel Chidleigh, these opposite Forces met the 16. of May in Stratton-field, where the Parliamets' foot stood stiffly to the business, but the Horse either through treachery or cowardice, not seconding or relieving their Foot, an entire Victory fell to the Cavaliers, some 1500 of the Parliamentarians being slain and taken prisoners, but do of great account lost on either side. Chidleigh afterwards came over to the King; and my Lord Hopton was made for this good service Baron of Stratton.  
Now the Parliament flew high in their Consultations at home, the Grandees working upon the sober part of the Parliament, that this action of the Queens, in bringing over Arms, Money and other provisions for the assistance of the King, was a dangerous, destructive business, wound up the anger of the Two Houses to such a pitch that the Queen was proclaimed Traitor, and at the same time, down went all the Crosses throughout England, particularly the third of this month, Cheapside-cro●s was demolished.  
After this beginning of Reformation, 
June. The Covenant taken.  the Parliament took the Solemn League and Covenant at Westminster; this was first framed in Scotland, and was generally taken by them in the year 1639. the main drift of it was against the Episcopal Dignity, and was now for the mutual endearment of the two Nations (assistance being promised the Parliament from Scotland) pressed upon all in England, where the Parliaments power was paramount, being taken throughout London the fifth of this month.  
The Earl of Essex advanceth from Reading to Tame, where a general sickness seized upon the Army: during their quartering thereabouts: 
Hambden killed.  Prince Rupert fell into part of their quarters, but the Essexians taking the Alarm, and drawing out, the business came to a fight in Chalgrave field, where Colonel Hambden was mortally wounded. It was observable, that in this place the said Colonel Hambden first listed and trained his men in the beginning of the war.  
The Lord Keeper Littleton having fled with the Great Seal to Oxford, according to the King's Command, the Parliament voted a new Great Seal to be made.  
The Parliament to redress their affairs in the West, 
July.  had made Sir William Waller Major General of those Counties, and had sent him down with a well-furnished Army to meet the King's Army under my Lord Hopton, who having cleared Devonshire, after Strafton fight marched Eastward, where in Somersetshire Sir William had taken Taunton and Br●dgewater. 
Landsdown Fight. July 5.  Both these Armies met at Landsdown near Bath, july the fifth. The Cavaliers were less in number, but supplied that with valour; the fight began about three in the afternoon, and was maintained till near the same time next morning. Here my Lord Hoptons' powder was blown up, by which he was hurt himself, and was compelled for want of it to quit the field, and shelter his Army in the Devices; of his side were lost in this fight about a thousand: The persons of quality slain, were Sir Bevil Greenvile, Mr. Leak, my Lord Denicourts' son, Mr. Barker, Mr. Lower, and other Gentlemen: The loss of private soldiers was as great on Sir William's side, but no persons of extraordinary note.  
Upon my Lord Hoptons' taking into the Devices, Sir William Waller presently pursued him, and cooped him up, whereupon a Messenger was dispatched to the King, to inform him of the desperate condition my Lord was in, if not timely relieved. Prince Maurice, the Earl of Carn●van, and my Lord Wilmo●, were sent presently with a party of fifteen hundred horse, who made such expedition, that on the thirteenth of july, by break of day, 
July  they presented themselves alike to besiegers and the besieged (to whom they gave a signal of their relief) upon a rising ground, and presently in an entire body charged Sir William's Army, being received by Sir Arthur Hazelrigs Curaziers at first; but they being broken, the Fortune of the day soon fell to the Royalists: The Parliaments Foot, after a little execution done upon them, (the besieged also being ready to fall upon them) laid down their Arms, and submitted: Sir William Waller, and Sir Arthur, with much difficulty, and greater speed, escaped, and came throughout to London with the bad news. Here were slain near a thousand men, four thousand taken, four brass Guns, twenty eight Colours of Foot, and nine Cornets.  
This loss soon reduced Bristol into the King's hands, being delivered by Colonel Fiennes after three day's siege; 
July 27. Bristol surrendered.  for which surrender he had like to have lost his head.  
These successes drew the King into the West, where Dorchester, Portland, Weymouth, and Melcomb, submitted themselves: The like in the North, 
Exeter delivered. August.  Beverley taken by the Earl of Newcastle, Bedford, Appleford, and Barnstable, surrendered; and after a little dispute before Exeter, and some Granades thrown in, and firing part of the Suburbs, the great Sconce being taken in storm, that City was delivered to Prince Maurice, and Sir john Berkley made Governor.  
It was therefore concluded to set upon Gloucester, 
10 Gloucester besieged.  being the only considerable place that held out for the Parliament in the West, and lay very inconvenient, hindering the intercourse betwixt Wales and the King's Countries; the King therefore the tenth of August came himself from Oxford in person before it with a Royal Army, (while it was hardly imaginable where the Parliament could raise another Army) and that done, to march for London, which proved a fatal mistake to the King, for if he had gone directly for London, there was no opposition in readiness against him, not any place to stay him. The King therefore summons Gloucester, to which the Governor and Mayor return a negative answer; so the Guns were set on work, many attempts on both sides, 
Gloucester relieved. Sept. 8  till the besieged had little or no ammunition left them, when on the eighth of September, Essex having made up an Army with the Trained-Bands of London, and new raised men in the respective Militia's and associated Counties, then entirely at the Parliaments devotion, came to the relief of it, having been encountered at Stow in the Would by several parties of Horse under Prince Rupert, but he could not be stopped from advancing. Being come within five miles of Gloucester, upon the brim of a steep hill he discharged two pieces of Canon, as a signal of their relief, which was answered by the Town, whereupon the King drew off from before the siege, and marched hastily away, intending to intercept Essex from returning, his men being almost wearied, and tired out with their hard march and weather. But Essex having relieved the Town, with all manner of provision, directed his march back again, and falling into Cirencester, from whence the King dislodged the day before, and had lest some baggage behind him, 
Auborn Chase sight. Sept. 19  took 400 prisoners, and the next day matched toward; Newberry, and by the way was attaqued in Auborn Chase, by several Squadrons of the King's Horse; here was killed that French Marquis Mous. De la Vejuville, having behaved himself valiantly.  
The next day the King possessed himself of Newberry, the place Essex aimed at, 
Newb. ●irst fight Sept. 20.  so that both Armies met h●re, and began the fight early in the morning; abundance of resolution and valour, was manifested on both sides, but especially the Trained Bands of London, performed far beyond relief. Prince Rupert was repelled and beaten back to the right wing of the King's Army, but returned again to the charge with greater fury. This Battle, like Edge-hill was dubious as to the success, but something more bloody. The King's General here was the Lord Ruthen, made lately Earl of Brentford. On the King's side were slain near 2500 men, among whom were the Earl of Carnarven, who had done the King special service, the Earl of Sunderland, and the learned Lord Faulkland very near the King's person, with Col. Constable. Of the Parliaments side, not any of note slain, save Col. Tucker, and some few Officers, the number of their slain being near 3500 men. After the fight was over in the field, a party of Horse under the command of Col. Hurry followed the Parliament Army in the Lanes toward Reading, and put them into some disorder, but the body facing about they were repelled back again with loss: And so the Parliamentarians to Reading, the Trained Bands to London, whether soon followed the General, and the King returned to Oxford.  
This month the King pressed by his Protestant Subjects of Ireland, who were not able to subsist longer under the war, conclude a Cessation with the Irish Rebels, and in November following received a Supply of 3000 men of his Protestant Army which landed in Wales, 
Novemb  under the command of Sir Michael Ernely, the renowned Col. Monk (now Duke of Albemarle) and others, which being by Prince rupert's order divided into other Regiments were made unserviceable; pat of them, with the said Colonel being being surprised at Nantwich, by Sir Thomas Fairfax.  
Mr. Pym a great stickler of the Faction, 
Decemb 8.  and the only Grandee of the times died. Hawarden, Arundel and Beeston Castles rendered to the King, Graston House taken by the Parliament, and Arundel in the next Mon●th taken again by Sir William Waller.  
Now according to stipulation and Compact, 
January  the Scots enter England with an Army of 2000 in maintenance and purstiance of the end of the Covenant, against this invasion the King protested as a Rebellion, and sent the Marquis Hamilton prisoner to Pendennis, as having deceived the trust the King put in him, he all along suggesting that the Scots would never attempt such a thing, and yet maintaining correspondencies with the chief of that Cabal. Several Towns and Castles lost and taken by both parties.   

Anno Domini, 1644.  
SIR William Waller after his reducement of Arundel Castle, 
Mar. 29 Charrington Fight.  marched to find out my Lord Hopton, to cry quits with him for his defeat at Roundway Down, both Armies were near one another a good space, for my Lord hovered about Winchester and those parts; at Brandon Heath near Alesford, Hopton was drawn up (having a little before in his intended march to the relief of Arundel beaten Col. Norton into Chichester, who endeavoured to impede him) and stood ready to receive Sir William, who had taken the advantage of a hill, from which the Cavaliers with fury beat him and drove him to another, where under the shelter of some bushes and trees, he so galled the King's Horse that they were forced in disorder to retreat on their foot. There was a hollow betwixt both Bodies which each endeavouring to gain, many men found it for their graves on both sides. My Lord Hopton therefore seeing the slaughter that was made, and likely to continue upon his men, timely drew off his Artillery and Canon, towards Winchester, and then wheeling about marched for Basin; and so presently to Oxford: In this fight was killed on the King's part, that valiant person john Lord Stuart, second Brother to the Duke of Richmond, who died at Abbington of his wounds received: Here Sir john-smith, Col. Sandys, Col. Scot, and Col. Manwaring, with divers other persons of quality wounded, among whom was Sir Edward Stawell, eldest son to Sir john, and Sir Henry. now Lord Bard, besides private soldiers above 1400. Of the Parliaments side few men of note, killed about 900 common soldiers; Colonel Dolbier wounded, and Colonel Thompson's leg shot off by a Canon buller.  
The Earl of Essex, 
April.  and Waller, (who had followed my Lord Hopton to Basin) and there showed a mind or besieging the House, now joined their Armies together, amounting to a very great strength, with intention to set upon the King at Oxford; wherefore the Queen was sent away with a sufficient Convoy to Exeter; in the mean time Essex plunders Abbington, and makes a Garrison of it afterwards. The King, in the mean while, marcheth with his Army from Oxford to Worcester, which caused the two Parliament Generals to divide their forces again; Waller was to go after the King, 
April.  as they termed it, A King-catching, while Essex marched with another gallant Army into the West, which was totally lost from the Parliament. The King had but few forces about him, by reason that Prince Rupert was sent with the greatest part of the Army to the relief of York, then besieged by the joint power of three Armies, the Scots, manchester's, and Fairfaxes. Prince Rupert in his way storms Bolton, and plunders it.  
The King having traversed his ground, 
●une.  came back again from Worcester, and Sir William Waller from out of the skirts of Glocestershire, 
Cropr●dy bridg●●ight. ●une 29.  was ready at his heels; so he overtook him near Banbury, at a place called Cropredybridge, Waller drew up in Bartalia on a hill, expecting the advantage of the Kings pasting the Bridge, which the King adventuring to do, Waller descends from his Post, and fall, upon the King's Rear beyond the Bridge, where he was so gallantly received by the Earls of Cleveland and Northampton, that he was quite routed, 600 killed, and 700 taken prisoners, his Train of Artillery, and many of his Officers, so that Sir William was forced to fly to have recourse ●o London for another recruit.  
It was therefore resolved upon this defeat of Waller, 
Leistithiel surrender.  that the K●ng should immediately follow the Earl of Essex, who was advanced so far, that the Queen who was delivered of the Princess Henrietta at Exeter, the sixteenth of june, in the month of july, was fain to be gone from Exeter for fear of a siege, and carry the young Lady along with her into France, where she landed on the 25th at Breast in Brittany. At the beginning of August the King had overtaken the Earl of Essex at L●stithel, his force, in so ill a condition through their long march, 
Aug. 5. The Earl of Essex vanquished in Cornwall  and their want of necessaries which the Country people kept from them, that it was concluded an easy thing to conquer them: The King therefore resolved to coop them up, and keep all manner of provisions from them. After two or three day's league in this manner, the Parliament horse broke through the King's Army by night; the General, and the Lord Roberts, at whose instance this expedition was undertaken, got by boat from Foy to Plymouth, and the foot being destitute, and deserted by the horse, under the Command of Major General Skippon, came to a Capitulation, by which it was agreed, they should render their A●ms, Ammunition, Artillery, and Stores, into the hands of the King, and have liberty, as many as would, to pass home, they engaging never more to bear Arms against the King; so that by this defeat the Parliament were quite undone in the West, as to present appearance.  
But though success crowned the King here, 
〈…〉 Fight.  it failed him as much in the North, whether Prince Rupert was advanced, as was said before, for the relief of York: For upon notice of the Prince's approach, having with him the bravest Army that ever was seen in England, both for number and persons, The Confederate Forces of Scotch and English drew of● from before the City, and drew up into a fight posture. On the 〈◊〉 of july, the Marquis of Newcastle & the Prince joined their forces together: On the third both Armies met one another upon a great plain, called Marston-moor; the Prince being General, commanded the right wing, General Goring, Sir Charles Lucas, and Col. Tillier, the main body, and my Lord of Newcastle the left wing, who had a stout Regiment of White-coats, called his Lambs. At the first onset the Prince totally routed the Scots, who were opposed to him, and out of desire of revenge for their unnatural siding with the Parliament of England, pursued them so lar, that he came not back time enough to the assistance of his own: But most remarkable was the valour of the English under Manchester, led by Lieutenant General Cromwell, who being the Reserve of the Army, when the Prince was so far engaged, fell in so impetuously with the Curaziers, that they bore down all before them; the field was now almost cleared, the Scots and Fairfaxes men on one side being fled, and giving the day for lost, and the main body of the Kings being discomfited, and Prince Rupert just returned to see the overthrow, so that there was none standing in the field save only my Lord of Newcastles men, upon whose Lambs a terrible slaughter was committed, while they discharged the parts of valiant, expert and Loyal Subjects, refusing quarter, and casting themselves into rings, till there were very few of them left; and it had been a shame for the enemy to have killed such gallant and brave persons. In conclusion, the Cromwellians prevailed, killing of the King, Army 4000 men, and rather more prisoners: The slaughter that was on the Parliament; side was 5000, which fell most upon the Scots, on whom the Prince did fierce execution.  
The Fight being thus over, 
●000 killed at Marston ●loor, ●uly 16. York ●iel●ed ●o the Parliament.  which was the bloodiest of all the Wars. Prince Rupert fled into Lanc●ire, and so Westward, and the Marque● of Newcastle, and the other Lord with him, took shipping at Newcastle, and departed the Kingdom, and soon after York ●ndred itself, by its Governor Sir Thomas Glenham, to the Parliament.  
During the King's absence in the West, and the Princes in the North, Sir William Waller had recruited himself, and joined with the forces of Col. Norton, and Col. Morley, who had drawn down before Basin, a house of the Marquis of winchester's, 
〈…〉  garrisoned by him, and kept for the King, which being distressed, for want both of Ammunition and provision, was distressed by the enemy; many brave salleys they made, and a multitude of men they slew, so that it was afterwards called B●sting-House. Waller was resolved not to rise, cost what it would; at length relief was put into it, under the conduct of Col. Gage, nevertheless he persisted in the enterprise: Till after Newberry fight, 
●iege of ●asing ●●ised.  the King marching that way, the forces left to block it up, rose and departed without it; a little before which Banbury siege was also raised by the said Col. Gage, afterwards made Governor of Oxford, and the Earl of Northampton.  
Hitherto the King seemed to have fortune inclineable to him, saving in that unfortunate business of Marston-Moor. Now the case began to be disputed, Essex had raised another Army, aided also by Waller, and other forces, resolved to fight the King; so it came to another battle at the same place of Newbury; 
Nou. 21. Newberry second Fight.  the Parliamentarians to revenge their disgrace at Lestithiel, the Cavaliers to repair their loss at Marston-Moor, it was a cruel fight, only no more were killed in this then in the former, what advantage was lay on Essexes side; few men of note were slain on either side, save Sir William S. Leger of the Kings, and a Colonel of Foot of the Parliaments. The Earl of Cleveland making good the King's retreat, was taken prisoner, and had it not been for the darkness of the night, the King had hardly escaped them: Sir George Lisle performed here signal service for the King, and the Trained-Bands for the Parliament. Essex had clearly the field, and from thence marched to the siege of Dennington Castle, under whose walls the King had sheltered and drawn his Artillery.  
Somewhat before this Colonel Massey had defeated and slain Col. My, 
Colonel Massey defeats Mine, and takes Monmouth.  and by intelligence with one Kirle, had surprised Monmouth Town, and had some other successes against Prince rupert's parties, while he stayed about Bristol, upon design of new Levies.  
Dennington Castle was, as said before, but the King sending a considerable force to relieve it, the besiegers drew off, and marched away, to the great scandal of the Earl of Essex, and the Officers then in command under him.  
After this sad experience of one another's strength, the Parliament sent Propositions to the King at Oxford, 
Decemb  which begat the Treaty at ●xbridge, 
〈…〉  before the meeting whereof, the Parliament had executed Sir john Hothum, and his Son, their first Champion, for endeavouring or designing to render Hull to the King, from which he had formerly shut him out: As also 〈◊〉 Alexander Carew, for betraying his like trust of Pl● 〈◊〉 Fort.  
Also during the designment of a Treaty, the Com● 〈…〉 ●er-Book was abolished by Ordinance, and a Director 〈…〉 in the room thereof; and for consummation of all, the 〈…〉 Bishop of Canterbury was beheaded likewise.  
Though the project of a Treaty was now in hand, yet never was the design of the War carried on more fiercely and subtly. 
T●●● my modelled, and Gen Fa●rfax declared  The Independents now first appeared, the Army must be new modelled, another General, and other Officers, and no persons, Members of the House, to have any Military Command, (only Cromwell got himself excepted) This design was not nosed by the Presbyterians, who were convinced of some deficiency in their old Commanders, so that Sir Thomas Fairfax was unanimously agreed upon for General, and under him all factious Sectaries, and wild principled men obtained Command, whilst the former Officers were reduced to the condition of Reformad's, amongst whom, not long after, they cashiered Colonel Massey, 
Jan. 11.  having shifted him from his Government of Gloucester, to a Command in the Army.  
Al●ngdon had been garrisoned by Essex in his expedition into the West, Colonel Gage, the Governor of Oxford, had a design upon it, and in the attempt was killed at Cullam bridge.  
The thirtieth of january, that fatal day, began the aforesaid Treaty at 〈◊〉, 
30 uxbridg ●●●ty.  which continued some 23 days in dispute, without any power of the Parliament Commissioners to conclude without them, and so ended on the 22 of Feb.  
The Parliament forces surprise Shrewsbury, but Col. Rossiter is defeated in Leicestershire, an active man for the Parliament, and Sir Marmaduke Langdale relieves Pont●sra●l Castle, and defeat, the besiegers, twice superior to him in number.  
About this time there was a kind of Faction in the King, Court at Oxford, and some alterations betwixt the party, concerning the King's Council, so that some Lords, Savil, Percy, and Andover, were confined, and the Parliament, that is, the Members of the same Houses at West●inster, who adhered to the King, who by the King's Order were the year before convened o● Oxford, were so some reasons adjourned till the tenth of October, but that Parliament signified nothing.  
The House o● Commons voted, that in their new General's Commission, 
Mar. 2●.  the words, For Preservation of His Majesty's Person, should be left out, and accordingly they were so; and so ended the year 1644. the last of the King, felicity.   

Anno Domini, 1645.  
WE will begin this year, though we post-date the time, that we may recite all the exploits in Scotland together, with the actions of the Renowned Marquis of Montross, appointed Governor of the Kingdom of Scotland. The year before he came into Scotland, attended only by three men, much ado he had to pass, the ways being so strictly guarded, during the Scotch Army was in England: At his arrival in the Highland, being supplied with a 1100 men from the Marquis of Antrim out of Ireland, and another addition under the Lord Kilpont, and the Earl of Perths' son, he matched to find out the Army of the Covenantes, then gathered under the command of the Earl of Tullibarne, the Lords Elch and Drummond, consisting of a great force, into Perthshire, where at Tepper-Moor he obtained a great victory, his Soldier; for want of Arms and Ammunition making use of the stones, lying advantageously on the fight ground. Here he killed no less than 2000 men; whereupon Perth City opened its Gates to the Conqueror.  
To withstand and repress so dangerous an Enemy within the bowels of the Kingdom, another Army wa● raised, and put under more experienced Captains; in the mean while, Montross had fallen into Argyles Country, where he made miserable havoc, intending utterly to break the spirits of that people, who were so surely engaged to Argyles side. Here the Earl of Seaforth followed him with an Army, and the Marquis of Aogyle had another of the other side; Montross therefore resolved to fight with one first, and so tell upon that party under Argyle, which he totally ●outed, killing 1500 on the place, the rest escaped, and so the Marquis of Montross, bend his way after the other Army, which he defeated at Br●●hin, being newly put under the command of Colonel Hurry, afterwards offers battle to Bayly, who had another Army ready to fight him, but he waited for advantages; whereupon he marches after Hurry, who had recruited, 
Alle●ne fight.  and was pressing the Lord Gourdon (having taken Dun ice in his way) and at Alderne discomfits him kill ●300 and dispersing the rest.  
He seeks out Bailie, to whom was joined the Earl of Lindsey, and at Ale●fo●d hills forced them to fight, utterly routed them, 
July 22.  and obtained a remarkable victory; but that which lessened the triumph, was the death of the Lord Gourdon, one that was as the right hand of Montross, a very Loyal Right Noble Gentleman, being elder son to the Marquis of Huntl●y. After this, he comes to S. johnstons', where he alarmed the Parliament there sitting, and so into the Lowlands, where the Kirk had another Army in readiness, 
Kilsith Field.  under the command of the aforesaid Bailie.  
At a place called Kilsith, both Armies met, and a cruel battle it was, 
Aug 27.  but in conclusion success and victory crowned Montrosses head, and almost 6000 men were slain in this fight, the pursuit being eagerly followed for a great way, and the Covenanters at first fight very resolutely, but the fortune of Montross still prevailed. The Nobility now every where readily assisting him, and the Towns and Cities declaring for him, so that that Kingdom which afforded men and assistance for the invasion of another Kingdom, was not now able to defend itself. The Governor, so was Montross dignified, being seized of all places almost of strength, even as far as Edinburgh, where some Royal prisoners were delivered him. The Estates of Scotland therefore send for Dav●d Leshley, while Montross expected forces from the King under the Lord Dighy, which stayed too long, and were afterwards defeated at Sherburn in Yorkshire. Upon the arrival of Leshley, most of the forces under Montross, not dreading an Enemy so soon out of England, were departed home; so that Leshley finding Montross in a very weak condition at Philipshaugh, fell upon him before he could retreat, almost before his Scours could give him intelligence, and there routs him: He at first resolved to lose his life with the field, but being persuaded of better hopes, he resolutely charged through, and brought the flying remains of his Army safe into the Highlands, where he began new Levies, but the fortune of the King failing every where, he was the next year ordered by the King then in the Scots custody to disband, and depart the Kingdom. And so we leave him, till a more unhappy revolution of time.  
The memory of this man had almost caused an Oblivion of some things done he●e, during his great successes, for Sir john Hotham and his Son, for intending the delivery of Hull, which they had so unhandsomely before denied to the King, were beheaded; 
Vide● speech's pages 5.  as also Sir Alexander Car●w, and at last the Right Reverend Archbishop of Canterbury, for many pretended crimes of innovation and disaffection in matters of Religion, was executed the tenth of january. These men's deaths happened in December and january, 1644. and are therefore here inserted.  
To begin therefore the year 1645. Dennington Castle was the very 25th of March delivered to the Parliament, which was counterpoised with a defeat given Col. Massey by Prince Rupert at Lidbury, 
April  being surprised there, and his foot routed, his house consisting most of Officers, with himself hardly escaped to Gloucester. At the same time, the Army being new modelled, Lieutenant General Cromwell was sent by Fairfax, to hinder a conjunction of forces at Oxford from Worc●ster, which he did, defeating the Queen's Regiment, and afterwards took Blechington House by surrender, for which Col. Windbank was shot to death at Oxford.  
Notwithstanding which interruption, the King matched from Oxford, 
May  intending Northward, to recover what he had lost there, with a very complete Army; and coming to Leicester, then garrisoned by Sir Robert Pie for the Parliament, after s●mmons refused, 
31  stormed it and took it, the Soldiers for a while plundering the Town, which had been the residence of a Parliament Committee from the beginning.  
In the mean while, 
June.  General Fairfax was advanced from London with his new modelled Army, and by Order of the Committee of both Kingdoms, had besieged Oxford, where he had received a notable sally, but upon news of the King's success at Leicester, presently raised his siege, resolving to fight the King as soon as he could overtake him.  
The King was now in a dispute, whether he should march upon his first intendments Northward, or staying for some forces out of the West under Colonel Goring, march for London. When he had notice of Fairfaxes advance after him, whom he thought to be taken up at Oxford; whereupon, by the ill late of things, the King was advised not to delay time, but even at midnight to dislodge from his quarters, whether Fairfax was nearly come, and the next morning to seek him out, and to give him battle. 
June 14   
This happened to be at Naseby field, on Saturday june the 14. 
Naseby Fight.  where at the first encounter the King's Army had the best on't, his right wing of horse discomfiting and overthrowing the left wing of the Parliaments under Skippon, taking Ireton the Commissary General prisoner; but the left wing, consisting of Northern horse, under Sir Marmaduke Langdale, who were clearly for the Kings going Northwards to their own Country to relieve Pomfret Castle, made no defence at all. The King was very courageous and active in this field, but the same over-eagerness of Prince Rupert half lost the day, the foot being destitute, after some slaughter, threw down their A●ms, and were taken prisoners, to the number of four or five thousand; the King's Coach, and in it his Cabinet, afterwards most disloyally and dishonestly published to the world, with other Letters and papers; all his Artillery, Arms, Ammunition, bag and baggage taken, himself hardly escaping to Leicester that night, and from thence to Ashby de la Zouch. After this battle, the King's Cause and Arms visibly declined every where.  
Leicester regained by the Parliament upon surrender, 
Leices●●ake●  while the King made haste towards Wales, to the relief of Chester, and there to form a new Army, but Poyntz, Middleton, and Brereton. 
Rowlin Heath Fight. Sept. 24.  rising from their siege, met him at Rowton Heath, where in the beginning (as usual) the King had the better; but the Parliament being supplied with fresh forces, the King was vanquished there also, and the right valiant Lord Bernard Stuart, Earl of Litchfield slain, with above six hundred more: Soon after followed the rendition of Chester, the King flying back to Oxford.  
The Sects had besieged Ca●lis●e almost a year after Marston-Moor fight, 
June 28.  now it was surrendered by Sir Thomas Glenham; but the like success they had not at Hereford, from whence they rose with disgrace, and came and sat d●wn soon after before Newark.  
General Fairfax marched after Naseby fight into the West, leaving the King to pursue his ill fortunes, and took in Bridgewater (having before defeated General Goring at Lamport, 
July 10. Lamport Fight.  newly raised from the siege at Taunton by Colonel Wellen, who relieved the Governor Colonel Blake, though with some losses) a● also Bath and Sherburn, and sat down before Bristol, 
Br●oll ●e●verd Aug 1●.  which after a short siege was delivered by Prince Rupert upon Articles, and the said Prince, and his Brother, came soon after to oatland's, in order to depart the Kingdom.  
Cromwell also came with a party to the reinforcing of the siege of Basin and by smothering of wet hay, 
●●●●ng House to me●. Sept. 14.  made his approaches, and stormed it, taking the Marquis of Winchest●r prisoner, with other Officers and Soldiers, to the number of 600 persons.  
Several House, 
Novem.  Castles, and Towns, were delivered to the Parliament, while the King kept close in Oxford: The Prince of Wales being sent West, and under the care of my Lord Hopton, in company with my Lord Capel, and others, but General Fairfax following him into Cornwall, Hopton accepted of conditions (after the firing of Torrington, and the delivery of Lanceston, Saltash, Lizard, Dartmouth, Mount-Edge, Foy, all being quit by him gradatim) and disbanded, the Pr●nce taking sail from Pendennis Castle to the Isle of Scilly, and thence into France.  
Hereford was also about this time surprised by Colonel Birch, 
savary.  Belvoir Castle taken, all places now submitting to the power and fortune of the Parliament; and for a conclusion, Exeter was now delivered by Sir john Berkley, upon very honourable and advantageous articles, to the Lord Fairfax; and the Lord Astley defeated at Stow in the Would, two thousand killed, and taken prisoners; and so ended this year, the next beginning with the same face of affairs, several surrenders being made to the Parliament.   

Anno Domini, 1646.  
AFter the delivery of Woodstock, it was not held safe for the King to continue longer in Oxford; 
April.  but the siege approaching to that City also, the King disguised, in the company, and as a servant to Colonel john Ashburnham, with one Mr. Hudson a Minister, by virtue of a Pass from Cromwell, left Oxford, and soon after put himself upon the Scotch Army, then lying at the siege of Newark, who sent him away with their Guards to Newcastle, and soon after the Scotch Army followed him, upon surrender of that Garrison of Newark.  
The King being in their hands by their persuasions and desires, and his own resolvedness for peace, gave Order to all his Governors to make such terms as were most suitable and convenient for them, and deliver their respective Governments to the Parliament, that so the War might be at an end; whereupon, all the Garrisons in the King's hands came to a capitulation, 
June 3, Septem.  Oxford, Tarringdon, Wallingford, Borstall-House, Ludlow, Litchfield-Close, Worcester, Ragland, Conway, Pendennis, and Scilly Isle surrendered; at which time also died their former General, the Earl of Essex, and was most magnificently interred in Westminster Abbey.  
General Fairfax came in triumph to London, 
Novem.  while the Treaty was on foot betwixt the Parliament and the Scots at Newcastle concerning the delivery and disposal of the King. In fine, upon the price and payment of 200000 pound, the Scots perfidiously, after many disputes, whereby they affirmed it unlawful and dishonourable for them to do it, sold their Native Prince to his English Subjects, and so departed over Tweed into Scotland, according to agreement.   

Anno Domini, 1647.  
THe English Commissioners, 
June.  deputed thereto by the Parliament, having received the King from the Scots, brought him to Holmby-House, one of his Palaces in Northamptonshire, according to the stipulation and hypocritical salvo made, that the King should be treated honourably; but with no attendance of his own, either servants or Chaplains, and a Guard upon him perpetually, till in conclusion, Cromwell beginning his projected Sovereignty, by an Order from him, to which the General tacitly consented, The King was taken from the Commissioners, and removed by one Corner joice from Holdenby to the Army, they pretending an extraordinary kindness to the King and his Patty, even to the deceiving of the King himself, by their Declarations and Protestations for Public Liberty.  
In the mean while, the King is carried about from Holmby to Childersley, Newmarket, Royston, Hatfield, Windsor, in progress with the Army to Caversham, Maidenhead, to Latiner, to Stoke, to oatland's, being treated with a far greater show of honour then the Parliament allowed him, with much hopes and many promises of his speedy restitution: His Chaplains, and other persons, engaged on his side, having free access to him, with the free exercise of the Common-Prayer, etc. At last they bring him to Hampton-Court, where Propositions as bad as any they tendered, were offered to him again, but there for their unreasonableness being rejected by the King, he being informed of a plot to murder him by some of the Army, fled from Hampton-Court privately to the Isle of W●ght, the said Colonel Ashburnham being with him in this disguise also, and rendered himself into the hands of Hamond, the Governor of the said Isle, who forthwith certified the Parliament, and they presently vote, that no more Addresses should be made to the King, nor no Papers received from him.  
While the Army were thus coasting the King about, fell out a tumult in the City of London, the Apprentices and Citizens flocking down to Westminster about the establishing of the Militia in the same hands it stood before the Army had interposed, and by their instance had made the Houses alter the persons named the fourth of May, as being suspected favourers of the King: Whereupon the Lords readily assented to the impowring those of the fourth of May, to act as before in the Militia; and so after a little dispute, did the Common, some of the same multitude not consented with this, brought back the Speaker into his Chair, the House being risen, and compelled him and the Members back to the House, 
July 26.  to vote, that the King should come to London to treat. After this tumult (which the King observes in his book to be justly retaliated upon them) the Speaker of the House of Commons, with some forty more, privately departed to the Army then at Windsor, complaining of the force; the other remaining, to the number of 140. meeting according to their adjournment, finding not the Speaker nor his Mace, chose another Speaker, as did the Lords also, their Speaker having withdrawn himself likewise to the Army.  
The Army seem to be highly incensed at these Riots of the Citizens, and take upon them the rectifying of those disorders, the fugitive members are entertained, and consultation is held between them what's fit to be done, while the Parliament sitting at Westminster, are advising about listing of forces, appointing Massey, Poyntz, and others, for General Officers, and recall those Members against whom the Army had exhibited a full charge.  
But the Army advanceth near London, so that all these preparations, and the stomach of the City soon were dashed, and new agreements made, their Fortifications and Works to be demolished, and the Army admitted to march through in triumph; so the fugitive Members were reseated again with their Speaker, and all things put in the same bad state and condition they were before, and several Lords, the Lord Mayor, some Aldermen, and divers Citizens of great wealth and quality, are, the one committed to the Black Rod, and the other to the Tower, so that now all things passed in both Houses according to the disposition of the Army, the Parliament being wholly subservient to their designs, having made my Lord Fairfax Generalissimo, and Constable of the Tower of London.  
In Ireland, 
June  after the Marquis of Ormond had delivered up by capitulation, the Government to Colonel jones for the Parliament; the said Colonel marched out, and fought with the Lord Preston, but was forced to fly, being overpowred by him; but the business came to a second encounter, near Trim, where the victory fell to jones, killing 5470 foot soldiers, taking a very great booty, and a number of prisoners; and the Lord Inchequin defeats another Army under the Lord Taaf, where were slain 4000 more of those Rebels; and Sir Charles Coot gave them another defeat, so that most of the Towns were reduced, and the Rebellion near extinguished: The Scots therefore were desired to retreat with their forces out of Ulster.   

Anno Domini, 1648.  
BEgin we now with the 24th year, being the last of King Charles the First, 1648. wherein the King seemed as formidable in his interest, as ever he was from the beginning of the War. The Parliament was divided, and jealousies betwixt them and the Army increased every day, Trading stopped so that on the ninth of April another tumult happened in London by the Apprentices, who seized the Gates, took a Drake from the Lord Mayor, and planted it at Ludgate, but the Army horse entering with their General at Aldersgate, marched to Leaden-Hall, and after a little skirmish dispersed them: Several Petitions for restitution of the King came from several Counties.  
But in Wales a stronger Insurrection broke out, Major General Laughorn, 
Fagans ●ight. say 8.  formerly a great man for the Parliament, Colonel Poyer, and Colonel powel, of the same side, refuse to disband, and presently seize upon Pembroke Castle, Tenby Castle, and declare for the King; Chepstow Castle is likewise taken by Sir Nicholas Kemish for the same side: Against these Colonel Horton is sent with three thousand men; Horton receives a brush, by falling with part of his men under Colonel Fleming into an Ambuscado: Whereupon Laughorn hearing of Cromwell's advance also, resolved to fight Horton; so the business came to a fight at S. Fagons', where the Welsh being taken on a sudden, not intending to fight that day, were presently after the first onset routed, above five thousand of their eight being taken, a great many killed▪ and the rest sheltered in the two Castles aforesaid. Sir john Owen was up in Arms in North-Wales, and had defeated the Sheriff opposing him, but was afterwards taken himself. Cromwell storms Tenby Castle, and takes it, and after a sbort resistance, Pembroke yielded upon discretion, as to the lives of those three Commanders, whereof one Colonel Poyer died by lot; and so Cromwell having quieted Wales, (Sir Nicholas Kemish being slain by the storming of Chepstow Castle which he had newly taken) marched into Lancashire to meet the Scotch Army, who under their General Duke Hamilton, having joined with those English forces under Sir Marmaduke Langdale & Sir Phil●p Ma●grave, were advancing for London to restore the King. This Army consisted of 24000 men effective.  
At the same time also the Kentishmen having seen and heard the usage their Neighbours of Surrey had for petitioning for peace, being some of them killed by the Army-guards in Westminster Hall, resolved to ask or demand with their sword in their hands, that which the Surrey men had been refused. 
Maidstone Fight, June 2.  They rose, to the number of ten thousand, and had designed the Duke of Richmond for their General, which upon his refusal, was conferred upon the Earl of Norwich. To suppress this rising, whether abundance of stout valiant young men resorted out of London, General Fairfax was sent in person, and to gloze with the Londoners, the old Militia was again confirmed. At Maidstone, a part of the Kentishmen opposed themselves against the General, maintaining the Bridge so resolutely, that it came to a very hot encounter, so that the General was forced to alight out of his Coach, and led in his men himself. After they had passed the Bridge, they were forced to fight every hedge before they came to the Town, where the fight was continued with the like gallantry, and had any relief come, it would have been a question whether it had not utterly routed the Parliament  
Upon this defeat, the other greater party that were at Rochester, slipped away to Black-Heath, and from thence ferried and passed over into Essex and made their Head-quarter at Bow, but the City stirred not in favour of them, but a party of horse of the Army was sent thither, where after some light skirmishes, they removed further into Essex, where many Gentlemen joined with them, my Lord Capel, 
June  and others, and so to Colchester, whether the General presently after followed them.  
To second this, part of the Navy revolts also, and set ashore Col. 
The N●vy revolt●  R●nsborough their Commander, and Pontefract Castle was surprised by Col. Morris; and now the Parliament having so many irons in the fire, null those Votes of non-Address to the King, and resolve of a Treaty as the best expedient.  
To further which purpose, the Prince of Wales having embarked himself in the Reformation, came into the Downs with 25 Sail of Men of War, where he landed ●ome men, and had Deal and Sandwich Castles delivered him; but the E. of Warwick and Sir George Ayscue making into the Dow●s together, and the Prince lacking victual, 
Augu●  he set sail for Helvo●t Sluice (not being able to do any thing for his friends at Colchester) whether Warwick also followed him.  
This was not all that was done for the King, for this very same time the Earl of Holland, the D. of Buckingham, his brother the Lord Francis, 
July. Kingston Insurrection.  the Earl of Peterborough, and others, assembled at Kingston, and declared for the King, being about a thousand, and more hourly expected; but Sir Michael Livesey falling upon them suddenly; they were forced to leave the Town, losing that Noble Gentleman the Lord Francis, who refu●ed quarter, and so sped to S. Neots in Bedfordshire, where Colonel Scroop fell upon them in their quarters, killed Colonel Dalbeir, and took the Earl of Holland prisoner, with some forty more, (the Duke and the Earl of Peterborough hardly escaping) and dispersed the whole party.  
The Scotch Army was advanced now as far as Preston in Lancashire, 
●reston ●ight. Aug. 17  where Lieutenant General Cromwell, being joined with Major General Lambert, awaited them. At this time also Scarborough declares for the King, Sir Matthew Boynton being Governor there. August 17. both Armies faced one another, and within two hours' time the Scots begin to flinch, so that the brunt of the fight fell upon the English, who sided with them. The Scots being ready to fly, the Parliament Army doubled their courage, and put them to the rout two several ways. The next morning, being the 18th of August, the Scot, made a stand, and did some notable execution on the p●r●●●ers, but the Army coming up, they fled again, crying Mercy, Mercy, so that they might be heard five miles together an end; multitudes were killed, and more taken prisoners, being in number equivalent to the Army that vanquished them. Duke Hamilton fled first to Namptwich with three thousand horse, there the Country took five hundred of them, and thence to Vttoxeter in Staffordshire, where he was taken by my Lord Grey of Grooby: Monro escaped with part of the Scotch Horse to Berwick, and so into Scotland, but Middleton was taken by the way thither.  
After it was known which way Hamilton took, 
cromwell ●st into ●tland  Cromwell followed after Monro into Scotland, and there begun intelligence with some of those Scots in tendency to his a●ter-design, and after they had cajoled one another, he departed into England, having received the thanks of the Committee of Estates for the service he had done their Nation.  
Upon the news of this defeat sent in by General Fairfax to the besieged in Colchester, a Council of War was held what to do, 
●lche. 〈◊〉 elded. ●gust.  it was once agreed, to make an eruption out, and attempt the whole Army beleaguring them; but this, through some suspicion amongst the Soldiers of being deserted by their Officers in the action, was frustrated; whereupon it came to a resolve of treating with the Enemy: and so it was concluded (the besieged having eaten all their horses and the dogs in the Town) that the Officers should be left to discretion, the soldiers to have their lives, and the Town to pay 14000 l. to preserve it from plunder: Whereupon the Town being surrendered, Sir Charles Lucas, and Sir George Lisle, were shot to death presently, and not long after the Lord Capel was beheaded by a sentence of the High Court of Justice.  
In the perplexity of these affairs, 
Treaty at the Isle of Wight. October.  the Treaty was voted in the Isle of Wight, and accordingly effectually prosecuted, the King being in a kind of Regality in the said Isle, and so far had it proceeded, that in November the Parliament voted the King's Concessions to be sufficient ground for them to proceed on to the settlement of the Kingdom, when the Army being now Lords and Masters through their late success, came and put a force upon the House of Commons, excluding above 140. and by the remnant of their faction in the House, unvoted these Votes, and the Army next removed the King from Wight to Hurst Castle, then to Winchester, then to Windsor, and so to Saint james, and last to the High Court of Justice, where after four times being at that detestable Bar, and refusing to own their Jurisdiction, they pronounced the Sentence, and the order, place, and time of the execution was referred to Colonel Harrison, etc. who appoint Tuesday, jan. 30. before Whitehall gates, in the open place, where accordingly that execrable murder was perpetrated by the hands of a Vizarded Executioner, to the amazement of the whole world, and to the unexpressible sorrows of this Church and Kingdom. The King's last words on the Scaffold, being the sum of the Life, Trial, and Death of that most incomparable pious Prince, are here fully inserted, to serve for all.   scene of Charles 'execution 
I shall be very little heard of any body else, I shall therefore speak a word to you here: Indeed I could have held my peace very well, if I did not think, that holding my peace, would make some men think, that I did submit to the Gild, as well as to the Punishment: But I think it is my duty to God first, and then to my Country, to clear myself, both as an honest man, a good King, and a good Christian.  
I Shall begin first, with my Innocency; and, in troth, I think it not very needful for me to insist long upon this: For all the world knows, that I did never begin a War with the two Houses of Parliament; and I call God to witness, unto whom I must shortly make an account, that I did never intend to encroach upon their Privileges: They began upon me; it is the Militia they began upon: They confess the Militia was mine, but they thought it fit to have it from me. And to be short, if any body will look to the dates of Commissions, of their Commissions and mine, and likewise to the Declaration, he will see clearly, that they began these unhappy Troubles, not I So as far the guilt of these enormous Crimes that are laid against me, I hope that God will clear me out. I will not (for I am in charity) and God forbid that I should, lay it upon the two Houses of Parliament, there is no necessity of either, I hope they are free of this guilt; but I believe, that ill Instruments between them and me, have been the chief cause of all this bloodshed: So that as I find myself clear of this, I hope (and pray God) that they may too; Yet for all this, God forbid, that I should be so ill a Christian, as not to say, that God's Judgements are just upon me: Many times he doth pay Justice by an unjust Sentence, that is ordinary: I will only say this, That unjust Sentence that I suffered to take effect, is punished by an unjust Sentence upon me. So far I have said, to show you, that I am an innocent man: Now to show you, that I am a good Christian; I hope there is a good man that will bear me witness, that I have forgiven all the world, and even those in particular, that have been the chief causers of my death: Who they are, God knows, I do not desire to know, I pray God forgive them. But this is not all, my charity must go further, I wish that they may repent, for indeed they have committed a great sin in that particular; I pray God with S Stephen, that this be not laid to their charge: And withal, that they may take the right way to the peace of the Kingdom; for my charity commands me, not only to forgive particular men, but to endeavour to the last gasp, the peace of the Kingdom. So (Sirs) I do wish with all my soul: (I see there are some here that will carry it further:) that they endeavour the peace of the Kingdom. (Sirs) I must show you, both how you are out of the way, and put you in a way. First, you are out of the way, for certainly all the ways you ever had yet, as far as I could find by any thing, is in the way of Conquests: Certainly this is an ill way for Conquest, in my Opinion, is never just, except there he a just and good cause, either for matter of wrong, or a just title; and than if ye go beyond the first quarrel that ye have: that makes it unjust at the end, that was just at first: for if there be only matter of Conquest, than it is a great robbery; as a Pirate said to Alexander, That he was the great Robber himself, himself was but a petty Robber. And so, Sirs, I do think, for the way that you are in, you are much out of the way: Now, Sirs, to put you in the way, believe it you will never go right, nor God will never prosper you, until you give God his due, the King his due (that is, my Successor) and the people their due; I am as much for them as any of you. You must give God his due, by regulating rightly his Church, according to the Scripture, (which is now out of order.) and to set you in a way particularly, now I cannot; but only this, A National Synod freely called, freely debating among themselves, must settle this: When every Opinion is freely and clearly heard. For the King, indeed I will not, the Laws of the Land will clearly instruct you for that; therefore because it concerns mine own particular, I only give you a touch of it. For the People, truly I desire their liberty and freedom as much as any body whomsoever: But I must tell you, that their liberty and their freedom consist in having Government under those Laws, by which their lives and theirs may be most their own; it is not in having a share in the Government, that is nothing pertaining to them: A Subject and a Sovereign are clean different things; and therefore until you do that, I mean, that you put the people into that liberty, as I say, certainly they will never enjoy themselves.  
Sirs, it was for this that now I am hither come, for if I would have given way to an arbitrary way, for to have all Laws changed according to the power of the Sword, I need not have come here; and therefore I tell you (and I pray God it be not laid to your charge) that I am the Martyr of the people. Intruth Sirs, I shall not hold you any longer, I will only say this to you, that I could have desired some little time longer, because I would have put this, what I have said, in a little better order, and have had it a little better digested than I have done; and therefore I hope you will excuse me; I have delivered my Conscience, I pray God you take those courses, that are best for the good of the Kingdom, and your own Salvation.  
After some Ejaculations, he laid down his Head upon the Block, and stretched out his hands (The Sign) 〈◊〉 had it severed from his body at one blow, by the Vizarded Executioner, who presently held it up, and showed it to the people: His Head and Trunk were afterwards coffined in Lead, and exposed to public view at S. James'; till lastly, the Duke of Len●●, the Marquis of Hartford, the Earl of Southampton, and the Bishop of London, begged the Body to bury it, which they conducted to Windsor Chappel-Royal, and there interred it; with only this Insc●●ption upon the Co●●●; CHARLES, KING OF ENGLAND, MDC.XLVIII.  
After this most 〈◊〉 murder, 
January.  they declared themselves to be a Free State setting out a Proclamation wherein they declare, th●t no person hath Right to the Crown o● England, abolishing thereby the ●ingly government, and debarring of our Rightful Sovereign ●om any claim, etc. declaring him also a Traitor, with the rest of the Royal Issue; for refusing the publication of which the Lord Mayor Reynoldson was outed, imprisoned, and fined 2000 l.  
In March they proceed with their High Court of Justice, 
Vide speech page 3●.  newly modelled, and a new Precedent, to the Trial of these Noble persons they had in custody, about the last years risings, whereof Duke Hamilton, 
Vide speech page 32.  Earl of Holland, Earl of Norwich, the Lord Capel, and Sir john Owen, were condemned to be beheaded; the Duke, and Holland, and Capel, were accordingly executed in the Palace-yard, the other two with much ado were pardoned. P●nt●fract Castle was now rendered to the Parliament by Colonel Morris, being the last Garrison for the King in England.  
Now they had leisure to look towards Ireland, whether Lieutenant General Cromwell was sent with an Army of 10000 men, 
Dublin freed, and the Marquis of Ormond defeated  which landed about this time at Dublin, where a little before, Colonel jones the Governor having received a supply of 1000 men, had sallied out, and beaten my Lord of Ormond from off the siege, where he lay with 20000 and upwards, through the carelessness and treachery of the Guards: Here were slain to the number of three thousand, and five thousand taken prisoners; this proved the loss of all Ireland, which was then entirely for the King, save this City and London-Derry.   

Anno Domoni 1649.  
Cromwell upon his arrival, sets presently forward towards Tredah, whereinto the Lord Lieutenant Ormond had put a Garrison of choice English, and some Irish; to this Town he gave three assaults, and was valiantly repulsed, but in conclusion of the third, the Town was entered and man, woman, and children put to the sword for three days in cold blood, with the Governor himself, Sir Arthur Aston, a well experienced and valiant Captain.   

Anno Dom. 1649. and 1650.  
Upon this success Trim and Dundalk yielded themselves to him, 
August  the Marquis of Ormond hover near him with his Army, but yet not daring to attempt any thing. Wexford was the next Town he attaqued, which by storm he took also, putting all in arms to the sword; thence to Passage Fort, and so to Waterford, from whence he (considering the Winter approaching) drew off to quarters, having already possession of most of the Towns of Ireland, Limrick, Galloway, Clonmell, and Kilkenny excepted, which soon after were reduced by him and his Successor Ireton, and that Kingdom was wholly brought in subjection to the Parliament.  
The next thing that busied the new Commonwealth, was the affairs of Scotland who had long before proclaimed the King, and were now treating with him; therefore they recalled home Lieutenant General Cromwell, whom upon Fairfaxes refusal of going against the Scots, they now advanced to be General: He came june the last to London, having landed at Bristol and was highly treated by the Parliament.  
Dorislaus that drew up the charge against the King, was killed at the Hague, in May last; and Ascham that was sent on the same errand to the King of Spain, was killed also by some English men in his Inn at Supper; this did mightily enrage the new Commonwealth, that their Minister's could no where be protected.  
According to the conclusion of the Treaty between the King and his Subjects of Scotland, he took shipping at Schiveling in Holland, and landed, after some dangerous weather, safe in the Spey in Scotland, having narrowly missed some of the Parliaments Frigates, that lay in wait for him. Cromwell therefore expedited his march, and entered Scotland with a well-appointed Army of 18000 men, against which invasion the Scot; did very much expostulate, and more fiercely prepared to defend themselves.  
The English Army therefore, july 22. advanced from Berwick into Scotland, 
●uly 22.  the Scotch Army lying encamped in the fields about Muscle●orough, strongly entrenched, divers skirmishes past, and it was wet weather, which very much incommodated the English; nevertheless they take two houses by storm, and both Armies than faced one another, the great Guns playing on both sides, but the Scots declined the Engagement, which the English perceiving, marched back to Dunbar, and in a corn field, half a mile from the Sea, in a low ground, lodged there Septemb. 1. whether the Scots drew and encamped in the high ground above it, making sure of a victory; but Cromwell's forces charging resolutely to gain the pass, and having mastered it, the whole Army on a sudden fell upon the Scots, and after an hours dispute, though inferior in number, routed them, killing 4000 and taking 10000 prisoners, 200 Cornets and Colours, 27 Field-pieces, 10000 Arms, and three Lords: These Colours, with those taken at Preston, were afterwards set up in Westminster Hall, as also those of Worcester thereafter. The Scot; quit Leith and Edinborough, which are possessed by the English, who advance to Sterling, and fortify L●nl thgow.  
Several encounters, and parleys were between Cromwell, and Colonel Ker, and Straughan, for the Kirk alone; in one whereof Ker was defeated, and taken prisoner; and by the other Straughan was brought over to side with the English. Edinborough Castle had been long besieged and undermined, but at last the treacherous Governor Dundasse delivered it upon Articles.  
Colonel Eusebius Andrews, 
●uary.  Sir Henry Hide, were beheaded about this time, and Doctor Lewen hanged about the matters of the King, who was soon after crowned King of Scotland at Schoon, where they had news of another loss, the rendition of Hume and Tim●tallon Castle.  
While the Army in Scotland made this progress, another war was breeding at home betwixt the Dutch and us: S. john's had been sent Ambassador thither, and had been very highly affronted; upon his return an Act was made, prohibiting and impeding the liberty and freedom of the Dutch at Sea, which they not brooking, the business came to be decided by blows.   

Anno Dom. 1651.  
BLackness Castle was taken by Colonel Monk, and at the same time the Presbyterian Plot, laid by Mr. Love, etc. for a rising in Lancashire, where M. G. Harrison had order to attend, was discovered, for which the said Love, and one Mr. Gibbons, were beheaded at Tower-hill, August 22.  
The Scots had raised another Army, whereof the King was General: This Army was compounded of Cavaliers and Presbyters, being in all 21000 men; with these the King marched from Sterling to Torwood, and there regularly encamped; thither came Cromwell, hoping to draw them out to fight, but could not, only he stormed Calendar House in their view: Nevertheless, in the interim, Colonel Overton, by boats, had passed par● of the Army from Le●h into Fife, who being seconded by a greater force under Major General Lambert, the Scots being alarmed at this unexpected invasion, send down Sir john Brown to drive them out; whereupon a bloody fight ensued, but the victory fell to the English, near 1500 Scots were slain, and 1000 with Sir john, taken prisoners.  
After the Army thus was landed on Fifes fide, and had given the King's forces a defeat, it was advised the King should presently desert Scotland, (the English having now shipped most of their men over, and so given the King the advantage of two days march from Sterling) and by the way of Carlisle speedily march for England, which was accordingly put in execution; and after a very troublesome march, some opposition being made at Warrington Bridge by Major General Harrison, (since executed, and there worsted) on the 22 of August, having marched three hundred miles in three week's time he arrived at Worcester with his Army, consisting of 11000 foot, most whereof were Highlanders, and 3000 horse, made up with some additional English, under the now Right Honourable Earl of Shrewslury, Colonel Howard, and other Knights and Gentlemen, who had escaped with the Earl of Derby thither, after the defeat given the said Earl by Colonel Lilburn at Wigan.  
After the King had rested his Army a while at Worcester, and summoned in the neighbouring Counties to a rendezvous, in order to a conjuncture; upon which some small appearance was made (the Rebels drawing near to attaque the City) the King betook himself to make some fortifications, such as time would permit, at Vpton bridge, and about the Town.  
By the beginning of September, Cromwell's whole Army, after a sufficient refreshment, and additional forces of the Militia, which were speedily raised in every County, presented himself on every side of the City; the number of them consisted of very near 50000 men well armed; the first places attaqued was Vpton Bridge, which Colonel, now Sir Edward Massey, stoutly defended, till being overpowered, and himself wounded, he was forced to retreat, and leave the enemy free passage.  
Wednesday the third of September, the Enemy resolved to fall on, which they did at several places, first at Powick bridge, whether the King himself in person went, and beat back the Brigaded assigned to that post; but being necessitated to go back into the City to give other Orders, his forces lacking Ammunition, were forced to give way, and make a disorderly retreat into Worcester. Presently upon this, the Enemy charged furiously upon another part, where his Majesty himself in person gave notable proof of his valour, Duke Hamilton receiving a shot hard by him, of which lie afterwards died; but fresh supplies coming in every minute, and the slaughter falling upon the new raised men (Cromwell reserving his Veteranes for the last) the King quit the field: (Some impute it to David Les●leyes not coming with his horse to his succour in time) and drew within the walls: But the Rebel pursued their success, and having cast up a sudden battery, compelled the Fort-Royal to surrender, while another part of the Army entered at another place, and fell in mediately to the plundering o● the City: By fix of the clock the whole Town was gained, and the street; filled with blood, a great slaughter being made that unfortunate day.  
Between six and seven a clock, in the dusk of the evening, the King, accompanied with the chief of his Nobility, and some sixty horse, departed Northward out of S. Martin's gate: Having rid a little way, and upon consultation held what to do in that distress of affairs, the Earl of Derby advised the King to fly to a house called Bos●abell, where he himself had sound security in his flight from Wigan aforesaid: To that intent, one Mr. Giffard, an Inhabitant thereabouts, was called for, who with the assistance of one Mr. Walker, formerly a Scoutmaster in the ●ings Army, with some difficulty, (the King riding all the night) brought him to a place called the W●ite-Ladies, a mile b●v●nd Boscabell, to avoid suspicion of staying there.  
At their coming to Whiteladies on break of day. Thursday Septemb. 4. one George Pendrill, the youngest brother of the four, being awakened with the loud noise they made at the gates, and hearing distinctly Mr. G●ffards voice calling him, ran down in hi● shirt and opened the door; whereupon the King and th● Noblem●n presently entered the house, the King's horse being brought into the Hall, where another consultation was held what should be done for the safety of the King's person in this exigence: At last it was concluded, that this George should go presently to Tongue, and inquire what news, or whether any parties were stir●ing or no; and in the mean while one Martin was sent by Colonel Ros●anrck, by order of the Earl of Derby, for William Pendrill, the eldest Brother, who presently came, and there met his Brother George, who had brought Richard by Mr. giffard's order along with him, and informed the King, that the coast was yet clear.  
Whereupon all dispatch was made to get the King out before any further danger; the King hair was first out off by my Lord Wilmot, then rounded by William Pendrill; and at the same t●me Richard had, by direction from Mr. Giffard, fetched his b●st clothes, being a jump and breeches of green course cloth, and a Doe-kin leather doublet, the hat was borrowed of Humphrey Pendrill the Miller, being an old grey one that turned up its brims; the shirt, which in that Country language they call an Harden, or Noggen-shirt, a kind of linen that is made of the coursest of the hemp, was had of the aforesaid Martin, George Pendrill lent the band, and William Creswell the shoes, which the King having presently unstript himself of his own clothes, did quickly put on: His ●uft-coat, and linen doubler, and a grey pair of breeches, which he wore before, he gave into his brother's hands, who forthwith buried them under ground, where they lay five weeks before they durst take them up again. The Jewels off his arm he gave to one of Lords then departing.  
Straightwith William Pendrill was brought to the King by the Earl of Derby, and the care and preservation of his most Sacred Majesty committed to his charge, and the rest of the Brothers (the Earl himself would have stayed, but there was no undertaking security for them both) so presently the Lords took their heavy leave, and departed, every one shifting for himself. The Duke of Buckingham, Earl of Derby, Lord Talbot, the Earl of Lauderdale, and the rest of that party, being overtaken at Newport, in their march Northward, and routed: the Duke escaped, and found a hiding place at a friends of his Family in Shropshire; the rest were taken (the Earl of Derby most inhumanely and unjustly beheaded at Bolton, with Sir Timothy Fetherstonhaugh, and some others elsewhere) and imprisoned; only the Lord W●lmot (since deceased, during the King's Exile abroad) stayed behind, and wa● by john Pendrill, through many difficulties, and trial's o● several places, conveyed safely to Mr. Whitgrea●s at Mosely.  
Now the King and his company being departed, having taken a Woodbill into his hand, went out with Richard into the adjoining wood, called Spring Coppice. William departed home, and George and Humphrey went out to scout, and lay hover about the woods to hear or see if any approached that way. You must note here, that these Brothers had taken into their assistance one Frances Yates, their Sister's Husband, who was also with the King in the wood, they being by profession wood-cutters: But the King had not been an hour in the wood, before a party of horse, in pursuit of him, was come to Whiteladies, and had enquired, and sound out by some of the Inhabitants, that the King with a party had been there, as they supposed, but they affirmed directly, that he was gone away with all speed from thence in the said company Northwards. Upon which words, spurred on by the expectat on & greediness of their prey, supposing the King and his Lords were all together, they made no stay, or further inquisition or search (save only in the house) and road away as fast as they could possible. This the King was informed of by his two aforesaid Sco●ts, who straggled for intelligence near the village.  
This Thursday the King continued all day in the wood, upon the ground, Richard Pendrill being constantly with him, and sometimes the other three: It proved to be a very rainy day, and the King was wet with the showers; thereupon Francis Yates his wife came into the wood, on whom the King at first looked something dubiously, yet resolutely asked her, whether she could be faithful to a distressed Cavalier: To which she replied, Sir, I will die rather than discover you: She brought with her a blanket to keep the King dry, and his first meat he eat there, viz. a mess of milk, eggs, and sugar, in a black earthen cup, which the King guessed to be milk and apples, and said he loved it very well. After he had drank some, and eat some in a Pewter spoon, he gave the rest to George, and bid him eat it, for it was very good. There was nothing of moment passed this day in Court, but only his Majesty exchanged his Wood-bill for Francis Yates his Broom-hook, being something lighter.  
The King was hardly brought to fashion himself to their gate, or to bend his straight body down to his feet, the language in his stay and passing to Worcester, he could tune pretty well; most of the day was spent in conforming him to their words, till about five a clock that evening, the King with his gallant Retinue of Richard, Humphrey, George, and Francis Yates, left the wood, and betook himself to Richard's little house, where he went under the name of William jones, a Woodcutter, newly come thither for work. At his coming, the good wife for his entertainment at supper, was preparing a Fricass of Bacon and Eggs, and while that was doing, the King held on his knees their Daughter Nan: He eat very little, ruminating and pausing on his intended passage into Wales.  
After supper ended, the Mother of the Pendrills came and kneeled, and took her leave of the King; so did the rest of his poor mean attendants, only Richard went along with the King, to conduct and guide him, it being then dark, and the way troublesome.  
Their intended journey was to Mr. Wolves of Madely, some 5 miles distant from Whiteladies, of whom the King had a good character from his servant Richard. By the way they were put to a fright at a Mill-water, by a Miller that had taken into his protection some of the same undone party, so that Richard was forced to wade through, and the King to follow him by the ●atling music of his leather breeches.  
It was late at night before they got to Madely; wherefore Richard very confidently knocked at Mr. Wolves door, which his Daughter opening, he desired to be let in, telling her the King was with him: So they both entered, till Mr. Wolf came and welcomed the King, who though wearied, and his feet extremely sore, yet held it not convenient (of which Opinion Mr. Wolf was also) to lodge in the house. Here he was informed (which was his main business) that there was no passage to be had over Severn into Wales, the river being so guarded and watched, that there was no attempting of it without extreme hazard and peril. After some other discourses of the like tendency, the King was conveyed to an Heyloft, where he and Richard reposed themselves (though the King's sore feet very much troubled him) that night, and next day, being Friday, and on that night, the same hour they arrived, they set forward to Boscabell, having had provision, and some money from the said Mr. Wolf, his Daughter also bringing the King into his way some two miles, and then she returned.  
At his coming to Boscabell, the King was so wearied, his fear being blistered with travelling in such course and stiff accoutrements as he had on his legs, and lying in them, that he was scarce able to stand or go, which Will. wife perceiving, she stripped off his stockings, and cut the blisters, and washed his feet, which gave the King some ease.  
The same time Colonel Carelos, one that made good the King's Rear at Worcester, and gave the King time to escape, having seen the last man killed in that lamentable fight, was also come to Boscabell, a refuge he had used before, where the King met him, the Colonel most humbly and joyfully welcoming him to that most sure retreat.  
After a short conference together, it was judged by them both, as the probablest means of security, that the King should betake himself again to the wood: Accordingly, Saturday the sixth of September, in the morning, they went into the wood together, the Colonel leading the way to that so much now celebrated Oak, where before he had been lodged himself: William Pendrill brought a Ladder, by which they got up into the boughs and branches of the tree, which were very thick, and well spread, and full of leaves, so that it was not possible for any to see through them.  
When they were both up, William brought them up two Pillows to lie upon, where the Arms and branches were thickest; and the King being overwearied with his journey and sore travel, waxed very heavy, with a propensity to sleep. The Colonel to ease his Majesty the best he could, desired him to lay his head in his lap, and rest the other parts of his body on the pillow, which the King did; and after he had taken a good sleep (while William and his wife Joan went peaking up and down with anxious thoughts gathering of st●cks with a Nut-hook) awaked very hungry, and wished for some victuals: That desire was soon satisfied, the Colonel pulling out of his pocket a good lunchion of bread and cheese, which Joan had given him for provant that day, and had wrapped it up in a clean l●nnen cloth, of which the King fed very heartily, and was well pleased with it, and highly commended his good fare: Some other pittance of relief in drink he had also, which was put up to him in a bottle by a long book-stick.  
The King intended not long to stay at Boscabell; therefore Richard was sent to one Mr. Manwaring, an acquaintance of Colonel Ca●elos at Woller Hampton, some three miles from Boscabell, with some instructions, and to inquire if he knew not o● any security for one of the King's ruined party, Mr. Manwaring returned, that himself could not, but would inquire if a friend of his, naming Mr. Whitgrea● could: So Richard returned, and brought with him some wine, and other refreshments from the Town.  
Neither was Humphrey idle or unemployed, but was sent abroad to lay out for intelligence, which the easilier to come by, he was sent to one Captain Broadwayes of Shesual, a Captain of the new raised Militia, under pretence of paying his Mistress' money for a man that was taxed upon her for that service: While he was th●re, a Parliament Colonel came in to understand of Broadwayes, what further discovery was made at Whiteladies since the time the King escaped; to which Broadwayes answered, he could say nothing more to it, but there was one of that place below, that might perhaps give him better satisfaction. Humphrey was called and examined, but he resolutely denied any knowledge whether the King went otherways then Northward; but that party being taken, and the King not among them, made the Colonel believe he stayed behind, and therefore told him there was a proffer of a thousand pound to any that would discover him, and did thereupon earnestly press Humphrey about the business; but all was in vain, there was no prevailing upon his conscience and duty. The news of this afterwards something amused the King, but the Colonel told the King there was no danger in it, for upon his life they should prove constant and faithful to his Majesty  
At night, the King and the Colonel came down from the Tree, by the same Ladder they got up, and was brought into Boscabell garden, where he sat in the Bower of it, and drank part of the wine which Richard brought from Woller Hampton, till 'twas very late. But the King was hungry again, and his appetite then served him for a joint of Mutton, though hi● Dame joan (so the King then called his Host) had provided him a dish of Chickens: To which William replied, that truly he had none, and to go to the Market would be very suspectful, for they used not to buy such cheer, but if his Majesty would have some, he would make bold, and borrow one of Mr. Stauntons: to whose Sheepcote he and the Colonel presently went and fetched one, and brought it home into the Cellar, where the Colonel stabbed it with his dagger, and both of them dressed it as well as they could, and brought the King up a Hind-quarter of it, which the King presently sliced part of into Scotch Collops, and the Colonel and he fried betwixt them; which pleasant passage yielded a merrier dispute afterward in France, when it was questioned which of the two was the Cook or the Scullion.  
The next day being Sunday, john came to Boscabell from my Lord Wilmot, having been sent before to Whiteladies, but missed of the King, by reason of his being at Madely then, to acquaint the King with the conveniency of Mr. Whitgreaus house, there being such a secret place in it betwixt two walls, that a safer could not be imagined: Upon this news it was resolved, that the King on Sunday night late should go to Mosely, to the said Mr. Whtigreaus, and the Colonel to shift for himself: All that day being Sunday, the King kept himself in the secret place where he lay that night, having been much discommodated through the shortness of it. As soon as the appointed hour was come, Humphrey the Miller was ready with his horse that should carry the King, for none other with safety and convenience could he had. This was a kind of War-horse, that had carried many a load of provision, meal, and such like; but now there was put on him a bridle and a saddle that had outworn its tree and irons.  
The horse standing at the door, the King came out, intending to have none along with him but john; but the other five brothers insisting on the danger of his going so ill attended, so many straggling soldiers lying up and down the Country, he agreed to have them all along with him, and so took his farewell of Colonel Carelos, who very disconsolately parted from him.  
The King being mounted, the six Brethren guarding him behind, and before, and on each side, Humphrey leading the horse, they began their journey: The way wa● something dirty, and every where the horse blundering, caused the King to suspect falling, and to bid Humphrey have a care; to which he returned, that his horse had carried many a heavy weight before, but never the price of three Kingdoms; and therefore he might be excused by reason of his extraordinary burden,  
When they came within a mile of the house, they made fast the horse, and came the footway through the fields thither: before the King went into the house, he took his leave of all of them but john, they upon their knees crying and praying for his safety and preservation. As they were departing, the King called them back, and said, I am so full of care, that I do forget what I do; but here is my hand (giving it them to kiss) if God bless me, I will remember all another day. A promise his Majesty hath most graciously perfopmed.  
When he came into the house, with none but john, he was most submisly and cordially welcomed by Mr. Whitgreave, who presently conducted him to my Lord Wilmot, in the secret place, who with infinite gladness ●ell down and embraced his knees, The first thing they did, was to shist his Majesty, by taking off that course shirt, and putting on a ●●er, and changing his stockings and shoes: Next they consulted about his Majesty's manner of escape out of England; whereupon Col. Lane was propounded as a very fit and necessary instrument in that business, and agreed on, and accordingly transacted, as before designed by my Lord Wilmot, which was, that the never-to-be-forgotten Lady jane Lane, under some pre●ence of visiting her Sister, and other affairs in Bristol, should g●t a Pass for her Man and herself, and that the King should be the Man, and ride before her.  
This was concluded on and done, Mrs. Lane sending some Spring-water, in which Wallnuts had been boiled to discolour his hands and face, and other parts open to view; and on Thursday night, the eleventh of September, Colonel Lane came with her, all things fit for his Majesty's journey being provided, to a field adjoining to Mr. Whitgreaves house, where the King was mounted before her, and from thence they immediately set forward, having directions given to know the Country, and recommendations also to the Allies, friends and acquaintance of her Family, if any sinister rancounter should put them to trial.  
At one Town in their journey they met with a Troop of horse, but the Captain perceiving they rid double, commanded the Troop to open to the right and left, and so past them.  
Being come to Bristol, they endeavoured to get a passage thereabouts for France, his Majesty being Nobly and secretly entertained at the house of Mr. Norton (at Leigh hard by Bristol) since Knighted for his loyalty; but it not succeeding there, and my Lord Wilmot being come to Bristol, it was agreed to go for Salisbury, where the King had entertainment by the Relations of Sir Edward Nicholas, his Majestics Secretary. Here Colonel Gunter fortunately came to know the King, by whose conveyance the King was brought sale into Sussex, to the habitation of this Noble Gentleman, and a Bark b●b● means procured for fifty pound, to transport two Gentlemen, upon account of a quarrel and Duel lately fought, into France: The Master not knowing otherwise, while at Sea, who safely and dutifully landed them at Deep in Normandy; from whence the King went immediately to Paris, where he was welcomed by that Court, but most joyfully received by our Queen his Mother, and the Duke, and that most affectionate Uncle of his Majesties, the late deceased Duke of Orleans, of famous memory.  
De Bello ducit Pax laeta Triumphos.   

Anno Domini, 1652.  
AF●er this defeat, Scotland is with little difficulty (General Mon● seizing most of the Scotch Presbyterian Nobility at Ellas, where they were in Council) reduced to the obedience of the Parliament; Garrisons were placed every where, and four Citradels most impregnably fortified at Leith, S. johnston's, Air, and Innerness; so that the total Conquest of that Nation was by the English then accomplished, and so far forth secured for ever.  
This Triumph swelled the new State to other great erterprises; the Dutch had stood upon some punctilio of honour with them, as being the junior state; and for their relation to the Prince of Aurange, their General, were suspected (though many variations in that compass) of adherance to the King his Brother-in-law, the said Prince being lately dead. For these reasons, the Parliament published an Act (by them made) for the encouragement of Navigation, the most advantageous and pleasing to the English Mariners, and as hurtful and displeasant to the Hollander, forbidding any goods to be exported from any place, but what were of the growth and manufacture thereof in any other vessels but their own, and English, which totally excluded the Hollander, saving some petty Merchandises of Linen, Maderas, etc.  
The States of Holland hereupon arm, and set forth a Fleet of ships under Admiral Van-Trump, who meeting with our Fleet at the Downs, in the beginning of May, under Bourn, who was soon relieved by General Blake, the Flag being refused by the Dutch; the fight began, and continued about four hours till night, the success lighting on the English.  
This attempt made by the Dutch, highly exasperated the then State, who were used to the excesses and uncoutroulments of Fortune, so that the Ambassadors here could not allay their fury, but departed home.  
Sir George A●scue, one of the Parliaments Captains over a Squadron of ships, being about Plymouth, met with a Sail of fifty Dutch Men of War, and by night, after some conflict, parted equally from them.  
General Blake roving about the Downs, met with the French Fleet, then bound for the relief of Dunkirk, besieged by the Spaniard, which he took altogether, and thereupon that Town was rendered to the Archduke Leopold.  
On the 28 of September, 
Sept. 28.  the English met the Dutch Fleet at a place called the Kentish-Knock, where some of the greatest English ships struck on the Sands, but getting off again, they so fiercely plied the Dutch, that they were forced to fly, saving themselves from a greater loss than the disabling of some six ship;, whereof the Rear-Admiral was one. This was recompensed by the Dutch, who took a Man of War in the Straits, by Portolongone.  
On the twentieth of December, 
Decemb 20.  Van-Trump with a new rigged Fleet came again to the Downs with 100 Men of War, and Fireships, where Blake unhappily with a small number met them, and was forced to sail for it, being much endangered himself: Here were lost the Garland and Bonadventure, and two other Merchant's Ships, besides the Vanguard and Victory very much shattered.  
The Dutch crowed upon this Victory, and with a numerous Fleet of Merchantmen sailed to Rochel, 
Feb. 18.  giving out, that they would sweep the Seas of the English; but at their return the English met them at Portland, and gave them such a reencounter, that after three day's fight (very terrible) the Dutch fled, nine Men of War being taken, and fifty Merchantmen, much slaughter on both sides, but the most on the conquered: Van-Trump to Calais, and thence to the Weiling; the English to Dover, and so to Ports.  
This a second time was repaid us, by an overthrow given us in the Straits, where five of our Ships being not longer to be protected by the Duke of Florence, coming out of Legorn, were overpowered by a Dutch Fleet of 24 Soil, and the Leopard, and another Bonaventure taken, with other damages to the Levant Trade.  
But such was their great preparations at home, that the Parliament minded nothing else, waving all public businesses from the King of France, concerning the Ships taken at Dunkirk, and another message from Bourd●aux, and for a while deferring the Portugal Ambassador, who came to offer restitution. And yet in the height of this grand design, an unexpected, or at least an unwardable blow quite undid them and their designs, leaving them, as became, the laughter and scorn of the Nation, while their General having turned them out, and dissolved them, made himself, after a short interval of time, the Supreme Magistrate.   

Anno Domini, 1653.  
FOr on the twentieth of April, 
April.  1653. Cromwell suddenly and forcibly turns out the Parliament, who had for four years, and as much as from january to April this year, since they murdered the King, tyrannised over the three Nations.  
After this violation of that violencing Parliament, 
July 4.  Cromwell and his Officers call a new Representative, and erect a new Council of State, wherein not one man of (but only such as were revolters from) the Commonwealth were admitted. By the FACE of this new erected Council, a Convention is assembled of 120. who did nothing but folly and mischief against Church and people, particularly by their lawless act of Marriages, and vote against Tithes, and then the cunninger part of them reassigned their Trust and Power to the same hand that gave it, having made an Act also for a Tax, according to the old mode of 120000 pound per mensem.  
By this shift of power, 
Decemb 12.  Cromwell was, as they and he said, invested with the Supreme Authority, it being devolved unto him by the late resignation; and therefore a new device of Government was now projected, which was contained in an Instrument consisting of 42 Articles; whereby he is made Lord Protector of England, Scotland, and Ireland, and solemnly installed before the Lord Mayor of London, on the sixteenth of the same month. This was pretended to be drawn out of Magna Charta; but what need we say of it?  
Some struggle there were about the beginning of the new year in Scotland and Ireland; in the first for life, the other of death, the Scotch hoping to recover themselves, and the Irish at the l●st gasp, all places and persons being near reduced to the Usurper,.  
During this intermission of Government in England, yet there was no vacancy of War betwixt us and the Hollanders, who sensible of their own weakness, and the new Protectors troubles, in his ambitious aspiring designs, sent over Ambassadors to treat. While they were here, the Fleets of both States being prepared, and out at Sea, happened two dismal encounters; the first on the 23 of july, (the Dutch having before conveyed one Fleet out towards the East and West, France, Spain, and the Levant, about by Scotland; and conveyed two Fleetshome, one from the Baltic and Northern Sea from Prussia, and another that came about from France, Levant, etc.) which continued for three days fight and flying; in the first whereof General Dean was slain with a Canon bullet hard by General Monck (so Providence distinguished betwixt a King-Murderer and a King-Restorer) and the two next, in seizing and entering several ships in the pursuit, until such time as they got into the Weyling, having lost seventeen Men of War, whereof eleven taken and six sunk, and many prisoners taken; and which was worst, the Coast of Holland was so blocked up, that no ships could safely arrive in their harbours, nor no joining of one part of the Fleet (than a rigging new, to remedy this overthrow) with another.  
All preparations were therefore made by the Hollander, to recover not only their credit, but their livelihood and subsistence, which was to drive the English from the coast; and General Van-Trump having fitted himself with the choice of his Country, both for men and ships, resolved for to effect it; whereupon on the second of july he sailed from the Weyling, and soon after joined with a Fleet from the Texel, at the sight of which Fleets the English weighed, and on the 23 in the afternoon, part of the English under General Monk, than Admiral, charged through them; the next day the whole Fleet came up, but being blusterous weather could not engage, but on Saturday both Fleets fell to it, and made an end, the Dutch being worsted, and miserably shattered, thirty six ships taken, burnt, and sunk, the rest escaping into the Texel, from whence were lately some of them equipped.  
This was the parting blow of that War, the Dutch Ambassadors concluding a peace presently, which was transacted by Oliver, and concluded by him, for the facilitating his vaster designs at home, this adding reputation to his future undertake; and so the quarrel for the Dominion of the Seas ended.  
This War so ended, with such honourable success and advantage, Cromwell having, as before is said, the power resigned into his hands, took upon him to act as chief Magistrate, urged thereto by the Army and the well-affected people, and installed himself, as before, at Westminster the sixteenth day of December, Lord Protector of the three Nations.  
Being also now proclaimed by his Council, with the stile aforesaid, endeavours were used every where to countenance it with Addresses, but the main one, was the invitation of the City for him to dine at Grocer's Hall, which they sumptuously performed, and he ambitiously enough received, Knighting the Mayor for the City's kindness.  
But kindness would yield no money, therefore cruelty must; a plot against the Protectors life by one Colonel john Gerrard, Mr. Fox Mr. Vowel, and others, who not being chargeable by the Laws for any such attempts, were brought before a High Court of Justice, and Colonel Gerrard and Mr. Vowel condemned, and severally executed; with Gerrard was executed Don Pontaleon, the Portugal Ambassadors Brother, who had made a Riot in the New-Exchange, and slain a Gentleman, to whose rescue this Noble Gerrard very bravely ventured, and yet their fate was one.  
General Middleton lands in Scotland, with some supplies from the King; whereupon Glencarn and Seasort join with him, and put a new face upon the King's business there; but in conclusion all came to nothing, the Earl of Middleton being defeated at Longherry, who had marched through all the Highlands after him, and there overtook and worsted him, Middleton himself escaping, and the Earl of Glencarn, and the Lords of the Royal Party, coming in upon conditions, till all was quieted in that Kingdom.   

Anno Domini, 1654.  
King Charles' the Second about this time departed the Kingdom of France, upon intimation of a Treaty then on foot betwixt that Crown and the Protector, whom soon followed his Brother the Duke of York; and the Duke of Gloucester, being tempted to turn Papist, was fought out of the Jesuits College by the Marquis of Ormond, according to the command of the King his Brother.  
Now according to the Instrument of Government, Cromwell called his first Triennial Parliament, which had sit but just five lunary months, spent in debating the aforesaid Instrument, and Cromwell's Authority, when Cromwell came, sent for the House to the Painted Chamber, and dissolved it with a very tedious and deceitful speech.  
Now another plot, after this dissolution of the Parliament, which ended with much public discontent, and therefore was thought a very fit juncture for such a business, was found out, and discovered from abroad by one Manning, one of the Secretaries to the King then at Colen: The first eruption of this general design was at Salisbury, on the sixteenth of March, of some three hundred men, under the command of Sir joseph Wagstaff, in chief, and Colonel Penruddo●k, and Gr●ves, consisting altogether o● men of quality and condition: These proceeded Westward, where at Blandford they proclaimed the King, but Oliver knowing the plot before hand, had sent some horse that way, who forthwith pursued them, they bending towards Devonshire, where at Southmolton they were surprised in their quarters, Wagstaff escaped, but Penruddock and Groves, though after quarter promised by Colonel Vnton Crook, who took them, with some twenty more, were beheaded and executed 〈◊〉 several places.  
Another party at the same time surprised the Town of Shrewsbury, and endeavoured to take the Castle, but were discovered, and so failed of their enterprise: The like rising also in Montgomerysh●re, in Sherwood Forest in Nottingham●hire, and in Yorkshire and Northumberland, so that though it was laid generally through the Nation, yet by the treachery of that Manning, the design was frustrated, which soon brought after it a trick called Decimation of the Cavaliers Estates for their old and this new (so termed) Delinquency.  
The Protector had feared himself, 
Decemb  as he thought, pretty fast in his new Usurpation, he had concluded a League with the Dutch, and Whitlock had made another for him with the Swede, and now the French had also entered into the like Confederation, prevening the Sp●n●ard, the first design whereof proved to be an attempt upon the King of Spain's West-Indies, advised by Cardinal Mazarine, and vigorously put in execution by the Protector; for on the nineteenth of December, a well-appointed Fleet set sail from Portsmouth to the Barbadoss, where, and not before, the General, had order to open their Commissions, (Venables for the Land, and Pen for the Sea forces) no body certainly knowing their design, an occasion of much mischief afterwards to the expedition, neither Commanders nor Soldiers being sufficiently provided for so long a service with necessaries.  
On the 29th of january, the whole Fleet, except the Charity, where the horses and other provisions were put aboard, arrived at Anchor in Carlisle Bay at the Barbadoss, and landed their men, where having made up the three thousand they brought with them from England, to the number of eight thousand, 
March  with Planters from the adjacent Isles, the 31 of March they set sail from the Barbadoss, and six days after, at S. Christopher's, took in thirteen hundred men more (Volunteers) and from thence on the thirteenth of April arrived at S. Domingo. Here a Council of War was called, and it was determined, that Gen Venables should land with seven thousand men, and three day's provision, ten or twelve leagues Westward to the Town, the Army being ve●y joyful, and expecting nothing less than heaps of gold; accordingly they landed, but then a Proclamation was made, that no man should touch or plunder to his own use any plate, money, etc. which so deadened their hearts, that what with that, and the incommodiousness and thirst they suffered in that hot passage, being forced to drink their own Urine, they were so disheartened and dismayed, that at the very first encounter of the Enemy their courage failed them, and an inconsiderable Enemy made great execution on them.   

Anno Domini, 1655.  
This first successless combat struck a panic fear through the whole Army, so that they began to grow afraid of the rustling of the leaves of those thick woods they wandered in; but at last up they came to a Fort near S. Domingo, where having made ready their Mortar Guns to play upon it, orders were given for the dismounting and hiding of them, and the next day with all hast the Army reimbarqued again, having neither provision, nor any thing else fit for their long return to Windward for Barbadnes; 
May  and therefore it was resolved, that they should steer directly before the wind to jamaica, where they arrived on the eighteenth of May, and meeting no opposition landed, and possessed themselves of the chiefest Town; whereupon ensued a Treaty betwixt the Spanish Governor and the General, which spun out time, till the Inhabitants had conveyed away their best goods and cattle; and soon after this worthy adventure, the two Generals returned into England, and for shew-sake were clapped up in the Tower by the Protector, and presently again released. But great was the mortality of this expedition, scarce one in four surviving; and the same misery befell them that were afterwards sent thither, being two thousand stout old Soldiers, under the several commands of Colonel Humphreys, and Lieutenant Colonel Brayn, who was sent last to command in chief in that new-gained Island.  
But what honour was lost here, was something compensated by the valour of General Blake, who at the same time that this Fleet went for the West-Indies, was sent with another into the Straits to repress the violence of the Pirates of Algiers, who had so infested those Seas, that commerce was not free for any Nation: Therefore having anchored before Algiers, he demanded restitution, and had a civil answer, from thence to his satisfaction; thence he arrived at Tunis, demanding as before; to which the die or Vice-King returned answer, that there were the Castles and Ships of the Grand Signior, that he might do his worst, they were not to be scared with his Fleet: whereupon a Council of War being called, it was resolved, to attaque the Castles and Port of Ferino, wherein lay nine Frigates of War, and to burn them, which accordingly, and in despite of all their Ordnance and Castles they effected, with a very small loss: The news hereof was carried to the Grand Signior, to the glory of the English Nation.  
About this time a massacre was committed in Piedmont on the Protestants there (many say not for Religion, but Rebel on) and vast sums of money were raised by a Declaration of the Protectors, resenting their miserable estate, most part of which came into his own purse at the Conclusion; yet while he was taking money in one hand for the Christians account, he had another open for the Jewish, who about this time had offered large sums for their readmistion into this Kingdom, this could not be done without an odium, and yet the Protector kept what he had in hand as earnest from them.  
The next design was a Turkish one, having erected the office and power of Major Generals, equal to Bashaws, for the several Counties, but they being upstarts, and something eclipsing his own entire greatness, he soon after laid them aside, (but never totally abrogated them) having made use of them to levy his new extortion of Decimation.  
A War now was declared betwixt the Spaniard and the Prorector, who sent the two Generals, Blake, (and Montague new made one) to block up the Port at Cadiz, and to waylay the Plate-Fleet in its return from the Indies (nothing was omitted to get money, which the people of England would not part with to him) while the French peace was then proclaimed, which had been agreed on, as before. Before Cadiz, the English lay, hoping to draw the Spaniards out, but he would not stir, imagining the English must remove for fresh water homeward, but that was found nearer there, at Wyers Bay in Portugal, whether the Generals being gone for the aforesaid purpose, leaving Rear-Admiral Stayner to have an eye upon the Coast, and port of Cadiz, he crusing up and down, espied a Fleet making thitherwards, whereupon being to Leeward, he made all the possible speed he could to get up to them, they supposing his Squadron to be but Fishermen, and having received false intelligence the day before, that the English were departed, and presently engaged: The Spaniards were eight tall galleons, he but three that fought; viz. the Speaker, the Bridgewater, and the Plymouth; the fight was soon over; of the Spanish two were taken, two burnt, one sunk, two ran ashore, and one escaped: In one of those that was taken great riches were found, both in Plate and in Cocheneal, but in the other little save hides: For this Victory a Thanksgiving day was ordered, and much rejoicing at Wh●tehall.   

Anno Domini, 1656.  
Nevertheless this money would not serve turn, and therefore the Protector resolved to put it to trial what he could do by a Parliament, hoping this success, and his reputation abroad, might have begot a dread and reverence upon the people, so that he summons a Parliament by his own Writ, to be held at Westminster the 17th of September; where finding the Election, not answering his intendments, many of the late Assembly being returned again for this, he imposeth a recognition of his Authority to be taken by every Member, before he should sit in the House; and thereupon excludes far the major part. Others also, offended at this manner of proceeding, voluntarily absented themselves, and retired into their respective Counties; so that having packed this Convention according to his mind, the remnant chose Sir Thomas Widdrington Speaker, and fell to work, enacting several things for the Protector first, for security of his person and dignity, which had lately been attempted by one Syndercomb (and for which he was convicted and condemned at the King's Bench Bar, than called the Upper bench, and was supposed to prevent his execution, to have poisoned himself the night before in the Tower, from whence he was drawn naked at a horse tail, and burned under the Scaffold at Tower-hill, and a stake drove through him) and the next, the life of the Cause, for raising of money to maintain the War against Spain, and for continuing Tonnage and Poundage; another was, an Act for preventing buildings in and about London, a whole years' Revenue to be paid for all such houses as had been built upon new foundations since the year 1620. and an Act confirming and continuing the Excise: But the chiefest of all was, a device called, The humble Petition and Advice, wherein Cromwell was entreated to be King, but his ambition durst not venture upon it, as things yet stood, so he was contented to be installed again Lord Protector, 
June.  by the Authority of Parliament, which was wanting before, and that solemnly and very stately was soon after celebrated, and the Parliament adjounred.   

Anno Domini, 1657.  
Leave we the Protector awhile, and return to General Blake on the Coast of Spa●n, where finding nothing to do, being informed that the Plate-Fleet was arrived in the Canary Islands, and unladen, he resolved to sail thither, and fire the galleons in the Harbour of Sancta Cruz, which with much bravery, though with as much danger and hazard, on the 20th of April, was attempted first by Sir Richard Stayner, and seconded by the whole Fleet, so that in four hours' space they fired sixteen ships, and slew many hundred Spaniards on board and on shore, losing only, some 50 slain, and 120 wounded. For this exploit the General had a Diamond, nigh worth five hundred pound sent him, and Captain Stayner was Knighted by Oliver, but since the King, out of respect to his merit, hath confirmed him a Knight.  
On the 19th of April a conspiracy was found out of the Fifth Monarchists; at a house in Shoreditch, several Arms and Colours were taken; as likewise Major General Harrison, Colonel Rich, Vice-Admiral Lawson, Venner, and others of that party were secured; it came to nothing then, but burst out dangerously since.  
This Summer the Protector, according to compact and agreement with the French, had sent over some forces to join with the French King against the Spaniard in Flanders: These, under the Command of Commissary General Reynolds, landed in Picardy, and about the end of October, the French and he came and sit down before Mardike, a Fort near Dunkirk, and of concernment to the taking of Dunkirk itself: This place, after a short siege, was rendered, and by the French put into the English hands, and so the French betook themselves to their winter-quarters, while the Spaniard, under the leading of the Duke of York, attempted by storm in the night time to regain it from the English, but were valiantly repulsed.  
General Blake returning home from hi● Triumphs over the Spaniard, died on Shipboard, in sight of English Land; and General Reynolds returning out of Flanders to England, was cast away in the Goodwin Sands, and with him Colonel White, and others.  
By one of the clauses of the humble Petition and Advice, it was declared, that the Parliament should consist of two Houses; therefore Cromwell, during the adjournment, filled up the number of that Other House, that was its name, consisting of sixty two persons, most of them Officers of the Army, and his near Relations, most of them of mean extraction: These nevertheless, at the expiring of the prorogation appeared, and took their places in the House of Lords, according as the ancient custom was, whether the Protector came and sent for the House of Commons, where he made a canting speech to them, but the Commons returning to their House, having admitted all their Members, would neither own the new Lords, nor him that made them so, but fell into high disputes about the Government; so that Cromwell seeing how the game was likely to go, came, and in a great ●ury within ten days after their resitting, dissolved them.   

Anno Domini, 1658.  
After the dissolution of this Parliament, as of course, and according to custom another plot was discovered, and this was clearly of Cromwell's own making; the City was to be fired, and a general insurrection and massacre of the well-affected: 
Vide Speech  In this snare were taken Sir Henry Slingsby, Doctor Hewet, and Master, now Sir Thomas Woodcock, john now Lord Viscount Mordant, and others of meaner rank, as Colonel Ashton, Thomas Bettley, Edmond Stacy, and others; Sir Henry Slingsby and Doctor Hewet, were beheaded at Tower-hill, and the three last hanged and quartered in the streets of London.  
Dunkirk, 
June.  after a gallant defence, and a field battle, in attempting the relief, where the English had the honour, and the French and English the victory of the day, was on the 25th of june delivered to the United Forces, and by the French King put into the English hands; Lockhart, formerly Ambassador in France, and then General of the English, being made Governor thereof.  
Now it pleased God suddenly after this tyranny and cruelty, committed on those innocent persons abovenamed, to call this Protector to an account, who lingering some time with an ague and a pain in his intestines, on the third day of September, his great fortunate day, breathed out h●s last, his death being ushered by a most terrible wind, and the coming of a Whale up the River of Thames, of twenty yards long. Thus ended that wretched Politic.  
After Oliver Protector war dead, his Son Richard, according to an Article in the Instrument o● Government, by which he was to declare his Successor, was by his Father's Council proclaimed Lord Protector of these three Nations, with the usual solemnities, and accordingly owned by several addresses from most parts of the Kingdom, but drawn and subscribed by some particular persons of the times, who obtruded them upon the rest. He was courted also by the French, Swedish, Dutch Ambassadors, who all condoled him for his Father's death.  
After a little respite of time, Richard was advised to call a Parliament, the Courtiers thinking, that what with the Army and the Lawyers, they should make their party good for the Protector in the House of Commons, being sure of their other House of Peers, and in the mean time took care for his Father's Funerals; which were solemnised in most ample manner, above the expenses usual to any of our Kings deceased, November 23. 1658.  
The Parliament being convened on the 27th of january, the Protector and his new Lords gave them a meeting in the Lord's House, where he made a speech to them, which was seconded by the Keeper Fiennes, and so departed to Whitehall, the Lords keeping their seats, and the major part of the House of Commons, not vouchsafing audience, betook themselves to their own house, and elected chaloner Chute for their Speaker.  
The Parliament being in some measure, fuller than it used, by reason of Knights and Burgesses from Scotland and Ireland, began with the old Trade of questioning the power. In conclusion, the debate came to this result, that they would recognize the Lord Protector, but so that nothing should be binding, till all other Acts to be prepared by the Parliament should likewise pass and be confirmed: For the other House also, that no stop might be put to the great design of settling the Kingdom, which was then aimed at, and that question of owning them being but a balk to their proceeding, they resolved to transact with them for this Parliament as a House of Peers, not excluding the right of other the Peers of England.  
The Protector, at the instance of the King of Sweden, had rigged forth a Fleet for the Sound, which being ready to set sail, the Parliament ordered that for this time the Protector should have the mannagement of the Militia in this expedition, reserving to themselves the Supreme right thereto; that Fleet, after six month's time, returned back again, re infecta.  
Now the debates flew high in the House of Commons, tending to the lessening the power of the Sword, which was grown so exorbitant; therefore the Army being sensible whereto such consultations would finally tend, resolved to break up the Parliament; and accordingly, having secured the Protector, made him sign a Commission to Fiennes to dissolve it, which accordingly was done, though the House of Commons, to prevent it, adjourned themselves for three days; but then out came a Proclamation, forced likewise from the Protector, whereby he declared that Parliament to be absolutely dissolved.  
Now the Army, and some of the tail of the Parliament which were turned out by Oliver in 1653. join their heads together, and so make way for their free Commonwealth again. Richard Protector is laid aside, the Officers of the Army playing some eight days with the Government, and then resigning it to those men, who very readily embraced the motion, and met May 7. in the House the Old Speaker, and some forty more making up a Quorum, and forthwith published a Declaration, how that by the wonderful Providence and goodness of God they were restored, which to most seemed the saddest judgement could befall the Nation.  
Presently they fall to their old trade of squeezing money, and providing sure for themselves against any more attempts of the Army, leisurely purging out those that had been active with Oliver against them, but by all means refuse to admit those Members that by the like force were formerly secluded in 1648. They depose the Protector, and make him sign a Resignation, yet promising him the yearly allowance of 10000 l. per annum, and the payment of his debts, so that they thought themselves now cocksure, levying money by taxes before hand, to gratify the Army, for the people's love they never expected, and then settle the Militia in confiding hands.   

Anno Domini, 1659.  
But this than exclusion of their Members, and taxes, and the fear of other pressures, the Nation having had too late and long experience of their Government, so stomached the people, that designs were every where laid to turn them out of their new acquired Authority: But the most powerfullest attempt against them was in Cheshire, 
Sir Geo●●ooth ●feated 〈◊〉 20.  under Sir George B●ooh, with whom there rose to the number of 4000 or 5000 men, and most of the Gentlemen of that County. Against these, Major General Lambert, then highly in favour with the Rump, so it was commonly called, was sent with an Army, which with addition; out of Ireland, very near equalled that number: At a place called Northwich, a small skirmish happened between them, some fourteen killed and wounded; whereupon those under Sir George Booth fled, and Chester was delivered; with some other holds newly possessed by the Cheshire men to Lambert, and Zanchy, whom he left behind him to reduce them, while he himself passed through Lancashire to his house at Craven, where with his Officers plotted the dissolution of the Rump, which accordingly upon his coming up to London, was put in execution, October the 11th; and now the Army had the sole power in their hands again.  
Lambert hereupon, for we must suppose he is the Agent for his own ambition, though also agreed upon by Fleetwood, and the rest of the Officers, erect a Committee of Safery of some thirty of the most eminent amongst them, into whose hands they devolve the Supreme Authority.  
But the Members o● the Rump resolve not to be baffled so, Sir Arthur Hazelrig in December possessed himself of Portsmouth, and General Monk in Scotland declares his unsatisfiedness in these proceedings of the Army at London, so that while Lambert was engaged in the North, and attending the issue of a Treaty with General Monk there, the Members return from Portsmouth to London, through the division they had wrought in the Army, the way they chalked out to their own ruin.  
The Lord Fairfax was also risen with a sufficient force, restraining Lambert's men from free quarter; so that lacking money, and news arrived of the Parliaments sitting at Westminster, he comes back to London, whither immediately followed him General Monk, having been courted all along his march by the Gentlemen of all the Counties of England for a free Parliament.  
At his coming to the Parliament, he declared the sense of the Countries through which he passed, but nothing less was minded by them then a new or free Parliament; but this, and other his actions, rendered him very suspicious to them, nor was any man assured of his intentions. To try him therefore, the Rump having been denied moneys by the City, and therefore offended with them; to ruin both, by their express Command, the General was sent with his Army into the City, pulled down their Gates and Portculliss, seized several Citizens at the Guildhall, and sent them to the Tower; this seemed to portend some dreadful conclusion: But in the interim, the Rump voted, that the Government of the Army should rest in five persons, making the General one of those; which procedure of theirs, presently drew the Curtain to the Scene and design ensuing.   

Anno Dom. 1660.  
For now the General having rendezvcuz●d his Army in Finsbury fields, acquainted his Officers with the necessity of introducing the secluded Members ever since 1648. into the Parliament, in order to the well-settlement of the Nations, to which they assented, and forthwith the whole Army marched into London, where upon the joyful news of this miraculous turn, (expecting nothing but massacres and plunderings) they were most welcomely entertained, nothing being thought too good for these Guests, whom they little before more than suspected for their Enemies.  
This was Saturday the of February in the afternoon, so that at night the Town was all of a blaze, every door having a bonfire, where all the contumely and disgrace that could be done a perdite and hated sort of men, by burning, roasting, and frying of all manner of Rumps of Creatures, was most spitefully performed, their Speaker getting home with much danger to his house in Chancery-lane.  
A fortnight's time the General let them alone, minding them only of their dissolution, which time they spent in making qualifications for the Members to serve in the ensuing Parliament, which were so many, and so strict and unreasonable, that the General delayed no longer, but on Monday, having convened the aforesaid secluded Members at Whitehall, went with them to the Parliament House, and there put them in, to the confusion and astonishment of the Rumpers, many of whom forbore to sit thereafter in company with them, as knowing what would ensue,  
The said Members being thus settled, addressed themselves immediately to the settlement, etc. making the General Captain General of all the Forces in the three Kingdoms, and nulling some former destructive Votes, and establishing a Militia of well-affected and loyal persons in the several County of England, and then according to the contract and compromise with the General, on the day of March, dissolved that long and fatal Parliament, having ordered Writs to issue out for a new one to sit down at Westminster the 25th of April next the year 1661.  
In this interval, the Government was lodged in a Council of State, who persisted in the same ways for a settlement, leaving the Top-stone to be laid by the Free Parliament, a term unusual to our Ancestors, but to this Generation a delightful novelty, after so many forces and violences upon so many in so few years. Colonel Lambert, at the instance of the General, had by the Rump been sent to the Tower, from whence now he broke and escaped, and came to Edge-●●ll, where was intended a great Rendezvouz of the Fanatic part of the Army then male-contented with the proceedings; but his design failed of the expected assistance, Colonel Ingoldsby being sent in pursuit of him, and dispersing his small party at the same place, from whence he was brought to London, and committed a safer prisoner to the Tower aforesaid.  
On the 25th of April the Parliament convened in both Houses, to whom a week after their sitting came a Letter from the King's Majesty, with another to the General, and one to the City of I widon, brought by john Lord Viscount Mordant, and Sir john Greenvile, now Earl of Bath, which were all with due humility and gladness received, and a Vote passed in Parliament, that their most humble thanks should be presented, by Commissioners appointed to attend his Majesty then at the Hague for his gracious Letters, and he should be desired to return with all convenient speed to the exercise of his Kingly Government; and Sir Thomas Clarges was first dispatched by the General on the same Errand, where at Court he was very much welcomed.  
Tuesday the eighth of May, the King was proclaimed with all the magnificences usual, but with the unusual and extraordinary joy of the people, who made great bonfires that night, and seemed as it were to be in a kind of ecstasy: On the 25th the King landed from Holland, being attended by a gallant Fleet, commanded by the Earl of Sandwich at 〈◊〉, where the Genral met him (the Sea, and Heaven, and Earth, ●ung with the peals of Ordinance) and so to Canterbury, to Rochester, and on the 29 day, being Tuesday, his most auspicious Birthday, triumphantly and peaceably entered his Royal City of London, where the acclamations and shoutings were so loud and hearty, that it is impossible to echo or express them, to the great pleasure, and yet disturbance of the King, who about six in the evening came to his Palace at Whitehal, where in the Banqueting House both Houses attended him. All the way the way through the City, the General road bareheaded next before his Majesty, his two Brothers, York and ●●oncester riding of each side covered. After a short congratulation, the King being weary, went to his Bedchamber, where he supped, and so to his rest, having come 27 miles that day, besides his going through London; and within two days after, his Royal Brethren having taken their places in the House of Lords, came to the Parliament, where he made a Speech, earnestly pressing the Act of Free pardon and indemnity, which he had promised in his Declaration from Dreda.  
The next thing he did, was the emitting a Proclamation, requiring all those who had a hand in the execrable murder of his Father, to render themselves within such a time, which some obeyed, the rest fled; those that came in, were (by the Act of Pardon, which came out soon after with some other) respited, till another Parliament should determine of them either to life or death: This was in favour for their ●endring themselves.  
On the day of August, died the most noble and accomplished Prince Henry Duke of Gloucester of the Small Fox, at Whitehal, to the very great sorrow of the whole Kingdom, being a Prince of singular virtues and endowments.  
In October, 1661. they, with the rest that were apprehended for the said 〈◊〉, were severally arraigned at the Session's House in the Old-Bailey, before Sir Orlando 〈◊〉 where after Trial, they were all found guilty, and convicted of High-Treason, for compassing, contriving and bringing about the death of the King; for which 26 of them 〈◊〉 sentence to be drawn, hanged, and quartered, sixteen of them, who rendered themselves according to the aforesaid Proclamation, were respited till the Parliament should by an Act determine of them; but the other ten: viz. Mojor General Harrison, john Carew, john Cook, the Solicitor to the pretended Cour● o● Justice, Hugh Peter 〈◊〉 Thomas Scot, Gregory Clement, john jones, Adrian Scroop, Francis Ha●ker, and Daniel Ax●el, were executed according to the sentence, eight of them at Charing ●ross, and the two last at Tybur●; their Heads set upon Westminster-Hall and London-Bridge, and their quarter upon the Gate● of London.  
In December the King dissolved the Parliament, which he honoured with the Epithere of The Healing Parliament; and on the 24 of December died also that most illustrious Princess of 〈◊〉. His Majesty's Sister, of the same disease which snatch away her Brother the Duke o● Gloucester, to the extreme grief of the King, ●he Queen Mother, and the whole Court.  
The Queen Mother had come over some while before, with her Daughter the Lady 〈◊〉, and now prepared for her depath●ed, fearing the disease might run in the blood, the young Princess being not very well, and accordingly the King in company with them, to bring them to the water side, came to Portsmouth in the Christmast time, and thence the Ladies took shipping for 〈◊〉  
While the King was but this short while absent, happened that desperate Rebellion and Insurrection in the City of London, by the Fifth Monarchists, at two sundry times on the ninth of january at night, being Sunday; where they alarmed the City, marched through the gates, threatening to take down their Masters, those Regicide; quarters, killing some four men, and so●sc●lked till Wednesday morning next● at which time they 〈◊〉 again, and resolutely fought with the Trained Bands, and a Squadron of the Life guard of Horse, in Woods●●●t 〈…〉 their ground till they were surrounded, and 〈◊〉 they began to retreat but still in order: There were killed 〈◊〉 some eighteen, and they killed as many. Venner● a Wine Cooper, who was their Leader, was taken, and twenty more, 〈◊〉 of which were executed with him at several places in London, being convicted of High-Treason for levying war against the King.  
On january 30. 1660. the bodies of Oliver Cromwell, 〈…〉, and Hinry Ireton, were removed from their Interments, in Westminster Abbey, and hanged at Tyburn, and there buried, their heads set upon Westminster-Hall.  
In Michaelmas Term this year, there was a call of fourteen Sergeants at Law, and the Courts at Westminster were filled with Judges; the names of which most Grave and Honourable Persons are as followeth, Sir Robert Foster, Lord chief Justice of England, Sir Thomas Mullet, Sir Thomas Tw●sden, Sir Wadham Windham of the King's Bench, Sir Orlando Bridgeman Lord chief Justice, Sir Robert Hyde, Sir Samuel Brown, Sir Thomas Tyr●yl, in the Common Pleas, Sir Matthew 〈◊〉, Sir Edward Atkins, Sir Christopher Turner, Barons of the Exchequer.   

Anno Dom. 1661.  
HIs Majesty at His dissolution of the Parliament, having promised to call another with all convenient expedition; issued out Writs for the election thereof, and appointed the eighth of May for their sitting down at Westminster; where they accordingly convened, and ratified several Acts made by the preceding Parliament, which being not summoned by the King's Writ, was not by Law held sufficient; the Act of Oblivion was first confirmed, being very much urged and pressed by the King, as the foundation of a sure and lasting settlement.  
At the opening of the Parliament, the King acquainted them with His resolution, of marrying Donna Catharina, the Infanta of Portugal, which they very joyfully received, by a Vote passed to that purpose in both House's: There likewise passed an Act in repeal of that 1 Carol. 17. against the Civil Power of Bishops, thereby debarring them from their Privileges as Peers, which by this Repeal are to be restored fully unto them; with many other Acts of Public concernment, and then adjourned till the November 20. instant.  
The Right Honourable the Earl of Sandwich, having sailed with a Fleet of men of War to the Coasts of Barbary, to confirm the League between those Pirates and this Nation, came to an Anchor at Algeir, where he entered into a Treaty with the Governor of that Port, which not succeeding, the Fleet weighed and stood into the Harbour; where after the had fired some ships, and done some execution on shore, he came out again, having received some little loss both of men and rigging. From thence he set sail towards the Coast of Spain, leaving Vice Admiral Lawson to guard the said Port.  
By a Commission from the King, the Right Honourable the Earl of Peterburgh was made General for the expedition to Tanger, a strong place and Fortress of the Portugals, on the straits of Gibrala●r; and Forces are now ready to embark in company with that Fleet which is going to bring home her Majesty the Queen from Lisbon.  
About this time happened a fray, or conflict on Tower-hill, at the Reception of the Swedish Ambassador, betwixt the French and Spanish Ambassadors Coaches for Praecedency, where seven or eight were killed, and the French worsted: This so highly incensed the French King, that he sent to Madrid to demand satisfaction, but received none; so that upon, this and some other janglings, there is now a kind of a petty Hostility between them. During this clash, the Prince of Spain, died, and to the King of France was born a Dauphin, Christened by the name of Lewes To●s Saints, because he was born on All-Saints Day.  
October. Col. Lambert, Sir Henry Vane, Sir Hadress Waller, Col. Cobbet, were sent away from the Tower, to several remote places, for their own preservation, as well as security of the peace, and divers others secured upon account of a Plot, a Narrative whereof cannot be given yet, not in this piece, which hath attained its conclusion.  
FINIS.