The summary of English Chronicles. (Lately collected and published) now abridged and continued till this present month of March, in the year of our Lord GOD, 1566. By I. S. ❧ ¶ Imprinted at London in Fleetstreet by Thomas Marsh. ☞ The Contents of this Book, as followeth▪ 1 FIrst a Calendar at large. 2 A rule for the beginning and ending of the Termis. 3 The Description of England, Wales, and Cornwall. 4 The names of all the kings of England from Brute, who was the first king to this present▪ with the true account of years, wherein every king began their Reign, how long they reigned, and what notable things hath been done, during their Reigns▪ 5 The names and years of all the Bailiffs, Custos, Majors, and Sheriffs of the City of London since the Conquest. 6 The building of the most ancient Cities, Towns, Castles, with other Antiquities, and Monuments within this Realm, by whom and about what time they were builded▪ 7 How a man may journey from any notable town in England, to the City of London: or from London to any notable town in the same Realm▪ with many other notable matters, as partly may appear noted in the margin of the same Book. ●L. january hath xxxi days▪ ●ii ● Circumcision of Christ. ● b Octa. of Saint Stephen 2 xi c Octa. of Saint john ● d Octa. of Innocentes 4 nineteen e Deposition of saint Edward 5 viii f Epiphania Domini 6 g ●ran●●a. ●●●●he●m● 7 xvi ● Lucian priest ● ● ● jews confessor 9 c Paul the first Eremite 10 xiii d Sol in Aquarius 11 two e Richardus mar●●r 12 f S. Hilarius martyr 13 x g Felicis 14 xviii ● Archadius martyr 15 seven b S. Mauricius 16 c Saint Anthony. 17 xv d Prisce virgin 18 iiii e Wolstan bishop 19 f Fabian and Sebastian. 20 xii g Agnes virgin 21 ● Vincent martyr. 22 ● b Emerense ●3 c Timothe bishop 24 ix d Conversion of S. Paul's 25 e Policarpe. bishop 26 xvii f julian confessor 27 vi g Valerii bishop 28 ● Theodore priest 29 xiiii b Basilius bishop 30 〈◊〉 c Saturnive & Victor▪ 3● KL▪ February hath xxviii days d Brigide virgin. Fast. 1 xi e Purification o● Mary 2 xiv f Blaze bishop 3 viii g Gilbert confessor. 4 k Agathe virgin 5 xvi b Amandus bishop & conf. 6 v c Anguli bishop 7 d Paul bish. Sol in 〈…〉 8 xiiii e Appoline virgin 9 ●● f Scholast●●e virgin 10 g Desiderius bishop 11 x ● Dorothy vir. 〈…〉 12 b Wolfrane bishop 13 xviii c Valentine martyr 14 seven d Faustine, Ioui●e 15 e julian virgin 16 xv f Polycron●us bishop 17 ●●iii g Simon bishop 18 ● Sabyn and julian martyr. 19 xii b Milbred virgin 20 j c Lxxix. martyris. 21 d Cathedra Petr● 22 ●x e Fast. 〈…〉 23 f 〈…〉 Apostle 24 xvi● g Alexandee bishop 25 ●i ● Eusebius priest 26 b Augustine 27 xiii● c oswald bishop 28 KL. Marthe hath▪ xxxl. iii d David bishop ● e Chadde confessor 2 xi f Maurice confessor 3 g Adrian bishop 4 nineteen ● Fo●e & Eusevi● 5 viii v Vidor & Victorin 6 c Perpetue & Felix 7 xvi d Deposit. of Felix 8 v e Quadraginta mar. 9 f Aggeus prophet 10 g Gorgonius mar. 11 xiii ● Gregorius bishop 12 ●i b Theodore martyr 13 ● c Longius mar. Sol 〈…〉 14 d Cyriaci martyr 15 xviii e Hilarius bishop 16 seven f Patrick & Gertrudis 17 g Edward kyngand confessor 18 xv ● joseph the husband of Mary 19 ●iii b Cuthbert bishop 20 c Benedict abotte 21 xii d Aphrobosius bishop 22 j e Theodore virgin 23 f Fast. 24 ix g 〈…〉 25 ● Castor martyr 26 xvii b Eulalie virgin 27 vi c Victor martyr 28 d Augenii mar. 29 xiiii e Quirin● mar●. 30 iii f Ade●mus bishop. 31 KL. April hath xxx days. g Theodore virgin 1 xi ● Marry Egiptiace 2 b Richard bishop 3 nineteen c Ambrose 4 viii d Martianus mar. 5 xvi e Sixtus bishop. 6 v f Egesippus 7 g Euphemii virgin 8 xiii ● 9 two b Perpetuus bishop 10 c Marcus martyr 11 x d Sol in 〈…〉 12 e Oswalde archbishop 13 xviii f Guthlarie 14 seven g Olife 15 ● Isidore 16 xv b Aniceti 17 ●iii c Eleutherius bishop 18 d Alphege. 〈…〉 19 xii e Tyburtius 20 j f Sother virgin 21 g Simon bishop. 22 ●x a S. George mar. 23 b Lucretia 24 xvii c Mark E●●n●el●●●●. 25 vi d Anastasii 26 e Ditalis martyr 27 xiii● f Petri Mediolanensis 28 ii● g Clete bishop 29 ● Depositio Erkenwald 30 KL. May hath xxxi. days xi b Philip and jacob ● c Athanasii bishop 2 nineteen d Inuen. of the cross 3 viii e Floriani martyr 4 f Goddard 5 xvi g john port latin 6 v ● john of Beverley 7 b Apparitio Mich 8 xiii c Genguifi martyr 9 vjs d Gordian and Epimachy 10 e A●●ent●on day 11 x f Sol in Gemin● 12 g Boniface martyr 13 xviii ● Sophia virgin 14 seven b Seruacii confessor 15 c Translat. of S. Bernard 16 xv d Dioscorides martyr 17 iiii e Dunston bishop 18 f bernardine 19 xii g Helen Queen Fast 20 j ● ●●●●so●day 21 b Urban martyr 22 ●x c Translation Francis. 23 d 24 xvii e Adelme bishop 25 vi f Augustin of England 26 g Be●e priest 27 xiiii ● Trinity ●●●●day 28 iii b 〈…〉 29 c Corona, mar●. 30 ●i d marcel, martyr 3● KL. June hath xxx days e Corpus Christi 1 nineteen f Erasmus bishop 2 viii g basil 3 xvi ● Petro●i confessor 4 v b Boniface bishop 5 ● c Melon bishop 6 xiii d Translatio, Wolstane 7 two e Wilhel●ni confessor 8 f Trans. Edmond 9 x g Ive confessor 10 ● ●arna●e ●ostle 11 xviii b Sol ●n Cance● 12 seven c Anthony 13 d basil bishop & confessor 14 xv e Vite & Wodeste 15 iiii f Trans. Richard 16 g botulph 17 xii ● Marr● & Marciliani 18 i b Geruasie 19 c Trans. Edward 20 ix d ●alburge Virgin 21 e Alban martyr 22 xvii f Fast. 23 vi g 〈…〉 24 ● Trans. Helen 25 xiiii b john & Paul. 26 iii c Achasius confessor 27 d Fast 28 xi e 〈…〉 29 f come, of Paul. 30 KL. ●ul● hath xxxi 〈…〉 nineteen g Octa john Baptist 1 viii a Visitation of our Lady 2 b Trans. of S. Thomas. 3 xvi c Translation of S. Martin. 4 b d Zoe Virgin and martyr 5 e Octa. Peter and Pause 6 xiii f Translation of S. Thomas 7 two g Deposition of Grymbald 8 a Cyrilli bishop 9 x b Seven brethren 10 c Trans. of. S Benet 11 xviii d Nabor and Felix 12 seven e Private Sol in 〈…〉 13 f 〈…〉 14 xv g Trans. of S. Swythyn 15 iiiii a Trans. of S. Osmund 16 b Keneline king 17 xii c Arnulphe bishop 18 i d Rufine and justine 19 e Margaret 20 ix f praxedes virgin 21 g Mary Magdalen 22 xvii a Apollinaris 23 vi b Fast 24 c 〈…〉 25 xiiii d Saint Anne 26 iii e seven. sleepers 27 f 28 xi g Samson bishop 29 nineteen a Abdon & Sennes martyrs 30 b Germany bishop 31 KL. August hath. xxxl. days ●ii● c Lammas day 1 ●vi d 2 v e Stephanus bishop 3 f justini confessor 4 xiii g A●●a virgin 5 two a Transuguration 6 b The feast of jesus 7 x c Siriarke 8 d roman 9 xviii e S. Laurence day 10 seven f Tiburtius martyr 11 g Clare virgin 12 xv a Rochus 13 iiii b Eusebii priest 14 c Assumption Mary 15 xii d Sol ●n ●ergo 16 i e Oct. of S. Laurence 17 f Agape the martyr 18 ix g Magnus martyr 19 a jews confessor 20 xvii b bernard 21 vi c Oct. assumptio. Mary 22 d Timothe Fast. 23 xiiii e 〈…〉 24 ●ii f Ludovici king 25 g Severine bishop 26 xi a ●ufus martyr 27 nineteen b August bishop 28 c Decolat. of S. john 29 ●iii d felix 30 e Cuthburge virgin 31 KL. September hath xxx days. xvi f Egidius abbott● 1 b g Anthonini mar 2 a Gregory bishop 3 xiii b Transla. of▪ Cuthbert 4 two c Bartyn abbot 5 d Eugenius 6 ● e Gorgon 7 f Nati●itie of Mar●● 8 xviii g Prothus 9 seven a Silvius bishop 10 b jacobus priest 11 xv c Maurilius bishop 12 iiii d Amantii martyr 13 e Holy Rood day 14 xii f 15 i g Edith virgin 16 a Victorin bishop 17 ix b januarii martyr 18 c Eustatius 19 xvii d Fast. 20 vi e S. Mathe● Apos●i●▪ 21 f Tecle virgin 22 xiii● g Mauritius cont. 23 iii● a Andochi martyr 24 b Firmine martyr 25 ●● c Cyprian and Iustin● 26 nineteen d Severine bishop 27 e Cousin and Damian● 28 viii f Michael archangel 29 g Jerome priest. 30 KL▪ 〈…〉 hath▪ xxxi. days▪ ●v ● Rem●g●us bishop 1 ●ii● b Leodegari● 2 xi● c Candidi martic 3 ●● d Francis confessor 4 e S. Faith vir. 5 ix ● Marci & Marcellian● 6 g Pelagic virg. 7 xvi● ● 〈…〉 8 v● b Nicasius con. 9 c Wylfriede virgin 10 xv d Trans. of S. Edward 11 iiii e Calixtus bishop▪ 12 ● Wolfrane bishop 13 xi● g ●ol 〈…〉 14 i ● Galli confessor 15 b Maximini martyr 1● ix c etheldred virgin 17 d 〈…〉 18 xvi● e Q●irin● martyr 19 v● f Ausirebert martyr 20 g Xi. M. virgins 21 xiiii ● Marry Salome 22 iii b Romani archbysh. 23 c Chrispine 24 xi d Evaristus 25 nineteen e Ursula vir. 26 f Maglorius bishop 27 vii● g Fast▪ 28 ● S. 〈…〉 29 ●●i b Abacu● prophet. 30 ● c Quint●ni martyr 31 KL▪ 〈…〉 ● ● 〈…〉 ● xiii e All soul's day 2 ij f We●efrede virgin 3 g Amancius 4 ● ● Le●e 5 b Leonard 6 xviij c Villibrord bishop 7 seven d Quatuor coronato. 8 e Theodore martyr 9 xv f Martin bishop 10 ●iiij g Martin 11 ● Paternie 〈…〉 12 xii b Bric● 13 j c Trans. of Erkenwald. 14 d Macute 15 ix e Deposit. Edmond 16 f Hugh bishop 17 xvii g Octa▪ Martini 18 uj ● Elizabeth 19 b Edmond king 20 xiii c Present▪ of our Lady 21 iij d Cicil●e virgin 22 e Clement bishop 23 xj ● Grisogoni martyr 24 nineteen g Katherine virgin 25 ● Peter bishop 26 viii ● Vitalis & Agricol● 27 c Ruffinus 〈…〉 28 xvi d Fast▪ 29 ● ● 〈…〉 30 KL: December hath. xxx●. days xiii ● Crisanti & Darie marty● ● two g Libiani ● a Deposit. Osmond▪ 3 ●● b Barbara virgin▪ 4 c Saba abbot 5 xviij d Nicolas bishop 6 seven e Oct. Andrew 7 f Concep. Mary 8 xv g Cyprian abbot 9 ●iij ● Eulalie 10 b Antippa Sol in Ca●●●● 11 xii c Paul bishop▪ 12 ● d Lucy virgin 13 e Nicasi● 14 ●x ● Valery 15 g Osapientia 16 xvij a Lazatus bishop 17 uj b Gracian bishop 18 c Venesy virgin▪ 19 xiv d Fast. 20 iij e S. Thomas 〈…〉 21 f ●o▪ martyrs 22 xi g Victor virgin 23 nineteen ● Fast. 24 ● Na●iuitas Christ● 25 viii c S. Steven marty● 26 d S. john Ea●geli●● 27 xvi e Innocentes day 28 v f Thomas 〈…〉 29 g Trans. of S. james 30 xiii ● Siluest●r bishop▪ ●● ¶ A rule to know when the Term beginneth and endeth EIght days before any Term be, the Exchequer openeth for certainty, except Trinity term, which is but four days before. hilary term beginneth the xxiii day of January, if it be not Sunday: then the next day after, & endeth the xii day of February. Easter term beginneth: xvii. days after Easter, and endeth four days after Ascension day. Trinity term beginneth the next day after Corpus Christi day, and endeth the wednesday fortnight after. Michaelmas term beginneth the ix day of October, if it be not Sunday, and endeth the xviii of November. In Easter term on the ascension day. On Trinity term, on the Nativity of saint john Baptist. In Michaelmas term on the feast of all saints. In hilary term on the feast of the Purification of our Lady the queens judges of Westminster, do not use to sit in judgement, nor upon any Sundays. ¶ ● table for xxx years to come. The years of our Lord God. 〈…〉 Leap years▪ Easter day March or April▪ 1564 a ● A 1565 g 22 A 1566 ● 14 A 1567. ● ●0 M 1568 c ● 18 A 1569 b 20 A 1570 a 26 M 1571 g 15 A 1572 e ● 6 A 1573 d 22 M 1574 c 12 A 1575. b ● A 1576 g ● 22 A 1577 ● 7 A 1578 ● 18 M 1579 d 19 A 1580 b ● 3 A 1581. a 16 M 1582 g 5 A 1583 ● 31 M 1584. d ● 19 A 1585. c 11 A 1586 b 3 A 1587. a 16 A 1588. f g 7 A 1589 e 30 M 1590. d 19 A 1591. c 4 A 1592. a ● 2 M 1593. g 15 A A brief Description of England. BEFORE I entre to abridge the facts and gests of the Kings and other persons, within this Realm from Brutus, the first King of the same: I purpose briefly to make a Description of this noble Realm, gathered out of Polydore Virgil, reported in his work of the English history, who saith: That all britain, which by two names is called England and Scotland is an Island in the Ocean sea, situate right over against the Region of Gallia: one part of which Isle Englishmen do inhabit: an other part Scots, the third part Welshmen, and the fourth part Cornishmen. All they, outher in language, conditions or laws, do differ amongs themselves. England (so called of Englishmen, which did win the same) is the greatest part, which is divided into xxxix. Counties, which we call Shires▪ whereof, ten (that is to say, Kent, Sussex, Surrey, Southampton, Berkshire, wilteshyre, Dorsetshire, Somersetshire, Devonshire & Cornwall) do contain the first part of that Island▪ whithe part bounding toward the south▪ standeth between the Thames and the Sea. From thence, to the river of Trent, which passeth through the mids of England, be xvi. shires: whereof the first vi. (standing eastward) are Essex, Middlesex, Hertfordshire, Suffolk, Northfolk, and Cambridge●shire: the other ten which stand more in the middle of the country, are these: Bedford, Huntingdon, Buckyngham, Oxford, Northampton, Rutland, Leicester, Nottingham, warwike, and Lincoln. After these, there be vi. which border westward upon wales, as Gloucester▪ Hereford, worcester, Salop, Stafforde, and Chester. About the middle of the Region ●ye Darbyshire, yorkshire, Lancashire, and Cumberland. On the left hand toward the west is westmoreland. Against the same, is the Bishopric of Durham, and Northumberlande, which boundeth upon the north, in▪ the marches of Scotland. Those shires be divided into xvii bishoprics, which by a Greek word be called Dioceses. Of which Dioceses Cantorbury and Rochester, be in Kente. Essex, Middlesex, and part of Hertforde▪ belongeth to the Bishopric of London. The Bishop of Chichester hath Sussex. ● winchester hath Hampshire, Surrey, and the Isle of wight. Salisbury, hath Dorsetshire, Berkshire, and wylteshire. Excetour, hath Devonshire and Cornwall. bath, and wells, hath Somersetshyreworcester, hath Glocestershyre, worcestershire, and part of warwikeshire. Hereforde, hath part of Shropshire, and Herefordshyre. Coventrie and Lichefelde, staffordshire, and tother part of warwikeshyre. Chester, hath Cheshire, derbyshire, and a piece of Lancashire, near the river of Repel The Diocese of Lincoln, which is the greatest, hath eight shires, lying between the Thames and Humber, as Lincoln, Northampton, Leicester, Rutland, Huntingdon, bedford, Buckingham, Oxford, and the residue of Hertfordshire. The Bishopric of Ely hath Cantabrigeshire, and the isle of Ely. Suffolk and Norfolk, be in the circuit of Norwiche Diocese. And this is the Province of the archbishop of canterbury: which is the Primate of all England, with wales, which hath. iii●. Dioceses, as hereafter shallbe declared▪ The bishop of york, hath yorkshire, Notynghamshyre, and a piece of Lancastshyre. The Bishop of Durham, hath the byshoprik so commonly called, & Northumberland: Carlis●e containeth Cumbreland & westmoreland And this is the other province of th'archbishop▪ of york, which is an other Primate of England, and was of long time also primate of all Scotland. But these Dioceses take their names of the Cities, where those seas be placed. The chief whereof is London: wherein the beginning was the Archbishop's sea, but afterwards transposed to Cantorbury, a city in Rent, placed in a soil amiable & pleasant. London, standeth in Middlesex, on the northside of the Thamis. That most excellent and goodly river, beginneth a little above a village called w●nchelcombe in Oxfordshire still increasing▪ and passeth first by the university of Oxenford, and so with a marvelous quiet course by London, and then breaketh into the french Ocean by main tides, which twice in. xxi●ii. hours space doth ebb and flow more than lx miles, to the great commodity of travailers: by which all kinds of merchandise be easily conveyed to London, the principal store and staple for all commodities within this realm. Upon the same river is placed a Stonebridge, a work very rare & marvelous, which bridge hath xx. Arches, made of. ●●i●. squared stone, of height. 〈◊〉 ●ote, & of breadth xxx foot, distant one from an other xx. foot, compact & joined together with ●aul●es & sellars▪ Upon both sides be houses builded, that it seemeth rather a continual street, than a Bridge. The Ocean sea doth bound England, the first part of Britain east and South: wales, and Cornwall west. The river of tweed divideth England and Scotland north. The length of the Island beginneth at Portsmouth in the south part, and endeth at tweed in the north, containing CCCxx. miles. This Realm above other is most fruitful on this side Humbre: for beyond it is fuller of mountains. And although to the beholders of that country a far of, it may seem plaen, yet it is full of many hills, & those for the most part void of trees: the valleys whereof be very delectable, in habited for the most part by noble men, who according to ancient and old order, desire not to dwell in Cities, but near unto valleys and rivers in several villages: for avoiding of vehement winds, because the Island naturally is stormy. Humbre hath his beginning a little on this side york, and by and by runneth southward and then holdeth his course eastward, and so into the main sea, greatly increased by the rivers of Dune and Trent. Trent beginneth a little from Stafforde, running through derbyshire, and Leicestershyre, passing by Lichfielde and Notyngham on the right hand, & Dune on the left: so that both those rivers do make an Island, which is called Auxolme, and then joining together on this side King stone upon Hull, a goodly merchant town, they fall into Humbre: by which river they may arrive out of France, Germany, and Denmark. England is fruitful of beasts, and aboundeth with cattle: whereby thinhabitants be rather for the most graziers, than ploughmen, because they give them selves more to feeding, then to tillage. So that almost the third part of the country is employed to cattle, dear red and fallow, goats (whereof there be store in the north parts, and coneys) for every where there is jolly maintenance of those kinds of beasts, because it is full of great woods, whereof there riseth pastime of hunting greatly exercised, specially by the nobility and gentlemen. Of Scotland, an other part of britain, I purpose to say nothing, because I have promised only and briefly to remember th'affairsaffa●res of mine own country, as best travailed & acquainted with the knowledge of the same▪ wales, the third part of britain lieth upon the left hand: which like a Promontar●e or foreland, or an Isle (as it were) on every side it is compassed with the main sea: except it be on the east part with the river of Sabrine commonly called Severne, which divideth wales from England. Although some late writers affirm Hereford to be a bound between wales and England, and say, that wales beginueth at Chepstoll, where the river Dye augmented with an other river called lug, passing by Hereford doth run into the sea: which river riseth in the middle of wales out of that hill (but uncertain whether out of that spring) that Sabrine doth, which Corn. Tacitus calleth Antona. For even to that place there goeth a great arm of the sea, which passeth through the land westward: on the right hand leaveth Cornwall, and on the left wales▪ which Topographye or description, although it be new, yet I thought good to follow. Therefore Wales is extended from the town of Chepstoll, where it beginneth almost by a strait line a lttle above Shrowesburye, even to westchester, northward. Into that part, so many of the Britain's as remained alive after the slaughter and loss of their country, at the length, being driven to their shifts, did repair as ancient writings report: where partly through refuge of the mountains, and partly of the woods and marshes, they remained in safety: which part● they enjoy even to this day. That land afterwards the englishmen did call wales: and the Britain's the inhabitants of the same walshmen: for amongs the Germans, walsman, signifieth a stranger, an alien, an outborn or strange man: that is, such a one, as hath a contrary language from theirs (for wall, in their tongue▪ is called a stranger borne, as an Italian or Frencheman: which differ in speech from the German: Man, signifieth Homo, which is a man in english. Therefore Englishmen, a people of germany, after they had won Britain, called the Britain's, which escaped after the destruction of their country, after their country manner, Welshmen: because they had an other tongue or speech, besides theirs, and the land which they inhabited, wales: which name afterwards both to the people and country did remain. By this means the Britain's with their kingdom lost their name. But they which affirm that name to be derived of their King or queen, without doubt be deceived. The country soil towards the sea coast, and in other places in the valleys and plains is most fertile, which yieldeth both to man & beast, great plenty of fruit and grass: but in other places for the most part it is barren, and less fruitful: because it lacketh tillage: for which cause, husbandmen do live hardly, eating Oaten cakes, and drinking milk mixed with water, and sour whey. There be many towns and strong casteis, and four bishoprics, (if the bishopric of Hereforde be counted in England, as the late writers declat●. The first bishopric is Meneve, so called of Meneva, which at this day they call Saint David's: a City very ancient, situated upon the sea coast, and boundeth westward toward Ireland. An other is Landaffe, the third Bangor, and the fourth Saint Asaph. All which be under Tharchbishop of Cantorbury. The walshemen have a language from thenglishmen, which as they say, that fetch their Pedigree from the Trojans, doth partly sound of the Trojan antiquity, and partly of the Greek. But how so ever it is, the walshemen do not pronounce their speech so pleasantly and gently as thenglishmen do, because they speak more in the throat: and contrariwise, thenglishmen rightly following the Latins, do express their voice somewhat within the lips, which to the hearers seemeth pleasant & sweet. And thus much of wales, the third part of Britain Now followeth the fourth and last part of Britain, named Cornwall. This part beginneth on that side, which standeth toward Spain westward: Toward the East, it is of breadth four score and ten miles, extending a little beyond saint Germains, which is a very famous village, situated on the right hand upon the sea coast, where the greatest breadth of that country is but twenty miles: for this parcel of land on the right hand is compassed with the coast of the main sea: and on the left hand with that arm of the sea, which (as before is declared) parteth the land, and runneth up to Chepstoll, where the country is in form of a Horn: For at the first, it is narrow, and then groweth broader, a little beyond the said town of saint Germayne, Eastward it bordereth upon England: west, south, & North, the main sea is round about it: It is a very barren soil, yielding fruit more through travail of the tillers and husbandmen, then through the goodness of the ground: but there is great plenty of lead and tin: in the mining and digging whereof, doth specially consist the living and sustentation of the inhabitants. In this only partt of britain, even to this day continueth the nation of the Britain's, which in the beginnyng brought out of Gallia occupied and in habited that Island (if credit may be given to them, which report the first inhabitants of britain to come out of the Cities of Armerica.) The argument & proof whereof is, because the Cornishemens do speak that language, which the Britain's use now in France, whom the Britons do call Britonantes. This thing to be more true, an old ancient Chronicle doth declare, wherein I found written, not Cornubia, but Cornugallia, compounded of Cornu, a horn, the form whereof that country hath, and of Gallia, out of which country th'inhabitants came first, the manner of which name is not to be misliked. Their tongue is far dissonant from english, but is much like to the welsh tongue, because they have many words common to both tongues: yet this difference there is between them, when a Walshman speaketh, the Cornysheman rather understandeth many words spoken by the Walshman, than the whole tale he telleth. Whereby it is manifest, that those three people do understand one an other, in like manner as the Southern Scots do perceive and understand the Northern. But it is a thing very rare and marvelous, that in one Island there should be such variety of speeches. Cornwall or Cornugall is in the Diocese of Excetour, which was once worthy to be counted the fourth part of the Island, as well for the contrariety of language, as for the first inhabitants thereof, as is beforesaid. Afterwards, the Normains which constituted a kingdom of all those three parts reckoned Cornwall; to be one of the counties or shires of the country. Thus much of the particular description of Britain, that the whole body of the realm (by the members) may be the better known to some peradventure that never heard the same before. The form of the Island is triquetra, or three cornered, having three corners, or three sides: Two whereof, that is to say: The corner toward th'east, and tother toward the weste● (both extending northwards) are the longest, The third side which is the south side, is ●a● shorter than tother: for the Island is greater of length then of breadth. And as in the other two parts is contained the length, even so in the last, the breadth. In which place, the breadth beginneth: and so continuing from the south part to the North, it is but narrow, The first and right corner of which Island eastward, is in Rent, at Dover and Sandwiche. From whence to Caleys or Boulogne in France, is the distance of xxx miles, From this Angle which is against France, to the third Angle, which is in the Nortte, in scotland, the main whereof, boundeth upon Germany, but no land seen: and there the Island is like unto a wedge, even at the very angle of the land in Scotland. The length whereof is vii hundredth miles. Again, the length from this Corner at Dover in Kente, to the uttermost part of Cornwall, being saint Michael's mount (which is the wes●e part or west angle) is supposed to be. CCC. miles. From this left Angle▪ being the west part, and th'uttermost part of Cornwall, which hath a prospect towards spain, in which part also standeth Ireland, situated▪ between Britain and Spain to the north angle in the further part of Scotland: in which part the Island doth end, the length is viii hundred miles, in which part there be very good havens, and safe harboroughs for ships, and apt passage into Ireland, being not passed one day sailing: but the shorter passage is from wales, to waterford, a town in Ireland upon the sea coast much like to that passage between Dover and calais, or somewhat more: but the shortest passage of all, is out of Scotland. From this last angle to Hampton: (which is a town upon the sea coast, with a haven so called toward the south, and therefore called Southampton) between the Angles of Kent and Cornewal, they do measure by a strait line, the whole length of the Island, and do say, that it containeth viii. C. miles: as the breadth from Menena, or Saint David's to yarmouth, which is in the uttermost part of the Island towards the east doth contain. CC. miles, for the breadth of the Island is in the south part, which part is the front and beginning of the Land, and endeth narrow, or as it were in a strait. So the circuit or compass of the Island is xviii C. miles, which is. CC. less, than Cesar doth reckon or account. Thus much I have thought good to take ●ut of Polydore, touching the division of England, with the form and situation of the same. Much other good matter that Author doth allege, which here for brevity I do omit, referring those that desire to know farther hereof, to that Book: where he shall find the style and story both pleasant and profitable. THE RACE OF THE KINGS OF ENgland, since Brute the first of this Realm: and in the margin are placed the years before Christ his birth, when every king began their reigns, till ye come to Cimbilinus, in whose time Christ the Saviour of the world was borne, & then followeth the years from Christ his birth. date 1108 AFTER THE common and best allowed opinion of the ●moste ancient and best approved Authors, Brute the son of Silvius Posthumius, arrived in this Island▪ at a place now called Totnes in Devonshire: the year of the world. 2855. the year before Christ's Nativity 1108. wherein he first began to reign, & named it Britayne● which before was called Albion. And. London builded. therein he builded the noble city of London, & na●ed it new Troy, building there a Temple to Appolin, wherein He established the Trojan Laws in this kingdom. he placed an Archf●amyn. He deuide● the same Island, among his three sons: unto Locrine he gave the middle part of Britain, now called England, with the superiority of all this isle: Unto Camber he gave Wales, and to Albanacte scotland: After which partition he deceased, when he had reigned xxiiii. years, and was buried at London, then called new Troy, as is aforesaid. date 1084 Locrine, the eldest son of Brute, reigned twenty years: he ch●sed the Huns, which invaded this Realm: and pursued them so sharply, that many of them with their king, were drowned in a river, which departeth England and Scotland. And for so much as the king of Hunnes, named Humbar, was How the river of Humber took that name. there drowned, the river is till this day named Humber. This king Locrine had to wife Guendolyn, daughter of Corineus, duke of Cornwall, by whom he had a son named Madan: he also kept as paramour, the beautiful lady Estrild, by whom he had a daughter named Sabrine. And after the death of Corineus, duke of Cornwall: he put from him the said Gwendolyn, & wedded Estryld, but Guendolyn repaired to Cornwall, where she gathered a great power, & fought with king Locrine, and siue him: he How the river of Severee took▪ that name. 1063 was buried at Troynovant. She drowned the lady Estrylde with her daughter Sabrine in a river, that after the young maiden's name, is called Severn. Gwendoline, the daughter of Corineus, and wife to Locrine (for so much as Madan her son was to young to govern the land) was by common assent The queen reigned during the minority of her son. of all the Britain's, made ruler of the whole Isle of britain, which she well and discreetly ruled, to the comfort of her subjects xu years, and than left the same to her son Madan. date 1053 Madan, the son of Locrine and Guendolyne, was made ruler of britain, The King devoured by wolf's. he used great tyranny among his Britons: And being at his disport of hunting, he was devoured by wild wolves, when he had reigned xl▪ years. He left after him ii sons, named Mempricius, and Manlius. date 1009 Mempricius, the son of Madan, being king, by treason slew his brother Manlius, after whose death he lived in more tranquillity, where through he fell in sloth, and so to lechery taking the wives and daughters of his subjects: and lastly, became so evil that he forsook his wife and concubines, and fell to the sin of sodomy with beasts: whereby he became audible to God and man. And going on hunting, The king devoured of wolves lost his company, & was destroyed of wild wolves: whereof the land was then full, when he had reigned twenty years. date 989 Ebrank, the son of Mempricius, was made ruler of Britain: he Had xxi. wives, of whom he received twenty sons, and xxx daughters: which he sent into Italy, there to be married to the blood of the Trojans. In Albany (now called Scotland) he edified the Dumbritain Edembrugh Bamburgh, and York builded. castle of Alclude, which is Dumbritain he made the castle of Maidens, now called Edenbrough: he made also the castle of Bamburgh: he builded York city: wherein he made a temple to Diane, and set there an Archeflame: and there was buried, when he had reigned lx years. date 929 Brute Grienshielde, the son of Ebranke, ruled this land xii years, & was buried at York, leaving after him a son named Leill. date 917 Leill the son of Brute Greneshielde being a just man, & lover of peace in his time builded Carlisle, & made there a ●●ple, placing therein a Flamen, to rule the same, according to the laws of their gods at that time: & there was buried, when he had ruled Britain xxv years. date 892 Lud Rudibras, the son of Leill, builded Canterbury winchester & Shaftesbury builded. Canterbury, Winchester, & Shaf●sbury, wherein he builded iii temples, & placed in the same iii Flamens, like as bishops now be▪ he reigned xxix. years & left a son after him named Bladud. date 863 Bladud, son of Lud Rudibras, who had long studied at Athens, brought with him iiii. philosophers, to keep school in Britain: for the which he builded Stamford, Stamford builded. john Harding alleging Merlin. Bath with the hot baths builded. The king attempting to fly, broke his neck. & made it an university: wherein he had great numbered of scholars, studying in all the seven liberal sciences: which university dured to the coming of S. Augustine. At which time the bish. of Rome interdited it, for heresies that fell among the Saxons & britons together mixed. he builded bath, & made there a temple to Apollo, and placed there a Flamyn: he made there the hot baths, & practised his necromancy: he decked himself in feathers, & presumed to f●ie in the air, & falling on his temple of Apollo, broke his neck when he had reigned twenty years. date 844 Leire, the son of Bladud succeeded his father, he builded Cair , now called Leicester, and made there a temple o● of janus: placing a Flamyne there to govern the same he had iii daughters Gonorell, Ragan, and Cordell▪ which Cordelle for her wisdom & virtue towards her father, succeeded him in the kingdom: when he had reigned xl. year, he deceased, & was buried at Leycester. date 805 Co●dyla, the youngest daughter of Leire, succeeding her father, was sore vexed by her two nephews, Morgan of Albany, and Conedagus of Camber and Cornwall, who at the length took and cast her in prison: where she being in despair of recovering her estate, Galfride slew herself, when she had reigned .v. years, and was buried at Leicester in janus temple by her father. date 800 Morgan, the eldest son of Dame Gonorell claimed britain, & warred on his nephew Conedagus, that was king of Camber (that now is wales) and of Cornwall: but Conedagus met How Glamorganshire took that name. S. john's town in Scotland builded. with Morgan in wales, and there siue him: which place is called Glamorgan till this day: And then Conedagus was king of all britain: he builded a temple of Mars at Perch, that now is S●. john's town in Scotland, & placed there a Flamyne: he builded an oth●● of Minerva in wales, which now Bangor 〈◊〉 wales builded. is named Bangor The third he made of Mercury in Cornwall, where he was borne: he reigned xxiiii years, and was buried at London. It rained blood iii days. date 766 date 721 Rivallo, son of Conedagus succeeded his father, in whose time it reigned blood iii days: after the which tempest, ensued a great multitude of venomous flies, which slew much people. And then a great mortality throughout this land, which caused almost desolation of the same. This Rivallo reigned over this whole Island xlvi. years and than deceased, and was buried at Cai●e branke, that now is York. date 684 Gurgustus, son of Rivallo, succeeded in the kingdom of britain, who reigned quietly: but was a common drunkard, whereof followed all other vi●es. when he had reigned xxxviii years, he deceased, and was buried at York. date 630 Scic●lius, the brother of Gurgustu● succeeded in the kingdom: of whom is le●t but little memory: but that he reigned lix. years, & was buried at bath jago or Lago cousin of Gurgustus, reigned xxv years: for his evil government, he died of a lethargy, and was buried at York. date 612 Kynimacus succeeded jago in this realm of britain, wherein he reigned liv. years, and was buried at York. date 559 Gorbodug succeeded his father Kynimacus in this realm of britain, as our Chronicles write: He reigned lxiii. years, and was buried at London. date 496 Forrex with his brother Porrex, ruled this land of Britain .v. years: but it was not long ere they fell at civil discord for the sovereign dominion, in Porrex siue his brother Forrex, & Porrex was afterward slain by his mother. which Forrex was slain. And Porrex afterwards by his mother was killed in his bed. Thus cruelly was the blood & house of Brute destroyed, when that this realm by the space of▪ vi. C xvi years had been governed by that lineage. After the death of the two brethren, Forrex and Porrex, this Realm was Brutus' blood extinguished. divided with civil wars, for lack of one sovereign governor, which continued by the space of li years, until that noble Dunwallo reduced that same into one Monarchy. date 441 MVlmutius Dunwallo, the son of Cloten, duke of Cornwall reduced this realm into one Monarchy, being before by civil wars & dissension, severed & brought into divers dominions, he was the first that ware a crown of gold: he constituted The first king of England that ware a crown of gold, who builded Blackwel hall in London. The second laws were Mulmutius laws. The town of Malmsbury built good laws: which long after were called Mulmutius laws: he gave privileges unto Temples, and ploughs, and began to make the four notable ways in Britain. In London, called then Troy Novant, he builded a great temple: which some suppose to be saint Paul's, some Blackwell hall, which was called Templum pacis. Finally when he had brought this Realm to wealth and quietness, reigning herein xl. years: He died honourably, leaving after him two valiant & noble sons, Belinus and Brennus, as Fabian writeth. He builded the town of Malmesbury and of Vies. He was buried at London in the temple of Peace before named. date 401 BElinus and Brennus, sons of Mulmutius divided this whole Isle of Britain between them. Unto Beli●e the elder brother was appointed England, Wales, & Cornwall. Unto the other the North part beyond Humber. But Brennus a young man▪ desirous of glory and dominion, thinking himself equal with his brother in martial prows, was not therewith content: Wherefore he raised war against Believe. But in conclusion by the means of their mother, they were accorded: and Brennus being given wholly to the study of wars, left his country to the governance of his brother, and went into France amongst the Galls: where in the province of Lions, for his excellent qualities, he was greatly esteemed of Siguinus king of the country, whose daughter he married: And of the Galls was made sovereign captain when they made their voyage to Rome. Beline in the mean time john Harding. Three archflames in England. Four notable ways made in England. john Leylande. both in civil justice and also religion such as at that time was used, greatly increased his realm. He made three Archflames, whose seas were at London, York, and▪ Carlion. He finished the four great ways begun by his father: He subdued and made tributary unto him, Denmark. In London he made the haven, which at this day, retaineth the name▪ of him, called Belin's gate: and as john Leylande writeth, builded the tower of London. He married his daughter Cambria unto a prince o● The tower of London first builded. almain called Antenor, of whom these people were called Cymbri, & Sycambri Finally, after he had reigned with his brother and alone▪ xxvi. years, he died: and after the pagan manner, with great ●ompe was burned: & his ashes in a Carlyon builded. The old temple near to temple bar built. vessel of brass, set on a high Pinnacle over Belyns gate: he builded Carlion and also the temple of Concord: which after the opinion of many ●s now the parish church of the Temple. date 375 Gurgunstus, son of Beline, succeeded his father: He subdued Demmark compelling them to continue their tribute. He reigned xix years, and was buried at Carlion. date 356 Guinthelinus, son of Gurgunstus was crowned king of Britain. A prince sober & quiet, who had to wife a noble woman named Marcia, of excellent learning and knowledge. She The third laws we● Marcian laws. devised certain laws, which long time among the Britain's were greatly esteemed, and named Marcian laws. Finally, when this virtuous prince had reigned xxvi years: he died, and was buried at London. date 330 Cecilius, the son of Guinth●line & Marcia, reigned seven. years: of him there remaineth nothing notable: But that The Picts first inhabited the marches of scotland & England in the first year of his reign, a people of Almain called Picts, arrived here in britain, and possessed those parties which now be the marches of both realms, England and Scotland. Cecilius was buried at Carlyon. date 323 Kymarus succeeded Cecilius & reigned three years in Britain: he was slain as he was hunting. date 321 Elanius, called also Danius, was king of britain ix years. date 311 Morindus, the bastard son of Dan● began to reign in britain: he fought with a king, who came out of Germany, & arrived here & slew him with all his power. Moreover, out of the Irish seas in his time came forth a wonderful The king devoured by a monster. monster: which destroyed much● people▪ whereof the king hearing wol● of his valiant courage, needs fyḡh●●with it: by whom he was clean devoured, when he had reigned viii years. date 303 Gorbomamnus eldest son of Morindus, Cambridge & Graunthan built. reigned xi years. A prince just ● religious: he renewed the temples of his gods, and governed his people in peac● and wealth. Our english Chronicle faith, he builded the towns of Cambridge, and of Grantham. date 292 Archigallo▪ brother o● Gorbomannus, was crowned king of Britayn●▪ he was in conditions unlike to his brother: for he deposed the noble men, and exalted the unnoble. He extorted from men their goods to enrich▪ his treasury: for which cause by the estates of the ●ealme, he was deprived of his royal The king deprived. signify, when he had reigned v. years. date 286 Elidurus the third son of Morin●us: and brother to Archigallo, was e●ected king of britain: a virtuous & ●entyl price who governed his people ●ustly: As he was in hunting in a forest ●y chance he met with his brother Ar●higallo, whom most lovingly he embraced: and found the means to recon●ile him to his lords: and than resigned to him his royal dignity: when ●e had reigned .v. years. date 281 Archigallo thus restored to his royal estate: ruled the people quietly & justly ●▪ years, and lieth buried at York. date 272 Elidurus aforenamed: after the death of his brother Archigallo, for his pity and justice, by the general consent of ●he Britain's was again chosen King. But he reigned not passing two years but that his younger brethren Vigenius and Peredurus raised war against him, took h●m prisoner: and cast him into the Tower of London: Where he remained (as they writ)▪ during their Reign. date 270 Vigenius & Peredurus after the taking of their brother▪ reigned together seven. years. Vigenius than died▪ & Per●durus The town of Pickering bu● ded. reigned after alone ii years. He built the town of Pickering after the opinion of divers writers. date 261 Elidurus, the third time was made king of Britain▪ who continued his latter reign honourably and justly: but being sore bruised with age and troubles he finished his life, when he had now lastly reigned four years, and was buried at Carlisle. date 258 Gorboman reigned in Britain ten years. Morgan was crowned king of britain, who guided the realm peaceably xiiii. years. date 324 Emerianus brother to Morgan succeeded in the realm of Britain. And when he had tyrannously reigned vii years, he was deposed. date 225 Ival was chosen king of britain for his justice and temperance, which governed peaceably twenty years. date 207 Rymo governed this realm of Britain xvi years. In his time was great plenty and peace. date 191 Gerun●ius reigned here in britain xx. years. Catillus reigned peaceably in britain x. years▪ he hung up all oppressors of the poor people: to give ensample unto other. Coilus succeeded Catellus in the realm of britain, who quietly reigned xx. years. date 143 Poorer, a virtuous and gentle prince reigned in britain .v. years. date 138 Chirinnus king of Britain, through his drunkenness reigned but one year date 137 Fulgen his son reigned two-yeares in Britain. date 135 Eldred, reigned in britain one year. Androgius, likewise reigned one year in Britain. date 134 date 133 Varianus, the son of Androgius, succeeded his father in this realm of britain. He wholly gave himself to the jousts of the flesh, & reigned iii years. date 136 Eliud, king of Britain reigned .v. years: who was a great Astronomer. date 124 Dedantius king of britain reigned v. years. date 120 Detonus reigned in this land of Britain ii years. date 118 Gurgineus reigned iii years in Britain. date 115 Merianus was king of Britain two. years. date 113 Bladunus governed Britain two. years. date 111 Capenus reigned king of Britain. three yearrs. date 108 Ouinus ruled Britain ii years. date 106 Silius reigned in britain ii years▪ date 104 Bledgabredus was ten years king all Britain. He delighted much in music: and gave himself to the study thereof. date 94 Archemalus was king of britain two. years. date 92 Eldelus reigned king of Britain iiii. years. In this time divers prodigies we● Prodigious signs in the air. seen, as globes of fire, bursting out of the air with great noise. date 88 Rodianus was king of Britain two years. date 86 Redargius reigned king of Britain three years. date 83 Samulius reigned in britain ii years date 81 Penisellus was made king of Britain: who governed it iii years. date 78 Pyrrhus ruled britain ii years. date 76 Caporus: was king of Britain ii years. date 74 Dinellus the son of Caporus, a just & virtuous prince, governed this realm of britain four years. date 70 Helius the son of Dinellus, reigned not ●ully one year▪ king of Britain. How the Isle of Ely took first that name. Of this prince the Isle of Ely took this name, for that he there builded a goodly palace wherein was his most delight to live: and also was there buried. date 69 Lord the eldest son of Hely succeeded his father, and reigned xi years King Lud builded London from London stone to Ludgate, and named it Ludstone. in Britain. As soon as he was made king, he reform the state of his common weal: for he amended his laws, and took away all usages that were nought: Moreover, he repaired the City of London then called Troynovant▪ with fair buildings and walls: and builded on the west part thereof, a strong gate: which unto this time retaineth the name of him, and is called Ludgate. Finally he died, leaving after him two sons Androgeus and Theomantius: who being not of age to govern their uncle Cassivelane obtained the Crown. Our Chroniclers write, that London took the name of this Lud, and was called Ludston. He was buried near to the same Ludgate, in a Temple which he there bulded. date 58 Cassivelane, the son of Hely, after the death of his brother Lud was made governor of britain which he ruled xix years. In the viii year of his reign, julius Cesar: who warred long in France, made the first voyage of any stranger in●● julius Cesar made his first voyage into England this Realm, and afterward subdu●●it. When C. julius Cesar had warred seven years in France and Germany, coming unto that part where Cala●●●● and Boulogne now stand, he determined to make war into Britain, which until that time remained unfrequented and unknown of the Romans. His quarrel was, because that in the wars of France, he perceived the Frenchmen to have much succour and aid from thence: Wherefore having prepared lxxx ships, he sailed into Britain: where at the first being wearied with an hard and sharp battle, And after with sudden tempest, his navy almost destroyed: he returned again into France, there to winter his men. The next spring (which was the The second voyage of julius Cesar into England. year before Christ li His navy being new regged and increased, he passed the seas again with a greater army. But whiles he went towards his enemies on land, his ships lying at anchor, were again by tempest almost lost: for either they were driven on the ●andes, where they stack fast: or else through beating one an other; with force of the tempest, they were destroyed. So that ●l. were lost▪ the other with much labour were saved. Upon land also his horsemen at the first encounter were vanquished, & Labienus the Tribune slain. At the second conflict, not without great danger of his men, he put the Britain's to flight, and pursued them to the river of Thamis: on the further side whereof, Cassivelan, with a great multitude of people, was keeping the banks, but they not able to resist the violence & force of the Romans, hid themselves in woods, and with sudden eruptions London submitted to julius Cesar. oftentimes invaded them: but in the mean time their strongest city, Troynovant submitted itself to Cesar, delivering unto him hostages: which example also the other cities followed: Whereby Cassivelane after England first tributary to the Romans. many losses was constrained to give pledges, and to agree that Britain should become Tributary to the Romans. Then Cesar like a Conqueror with a great numbered of prisoners sailed into France, and so to Rome, where shortly after he was slain with bodkyns. john Lydgate in his Book named the Serpent of division, writeth, that julius Cesar builded in this Land divers Castles and cities for a perpetual memory, The castles of Dover, Cantorb. roche. & the Tower of London built. Saliso. Chich. & Excetor builded. to put his name in remembrance: That is to say, The castle of Dover, of Canterbury, Rochester, and the Tower of London, the castle and town of Caesar's bury: taking his name after Cesar, the which is now called Salisbury. He also edified Caesar's Chester, that now is called Chichester, and the castle of Excester. etc. date 42 THeomantius, the son of Lud, & nephew to Cassivelane succeeded in the realm of Britain, and reigned quietly twenty-three. years: and was buried at London. date CYmbalinus, the son of Theomantius reigned king of Britain xxxv. years, and was buried at London. When Cesar Augustus the second emperor by the will of God had stablished most sure peace through the world, our Redeemer jesus Christ, The birth of Christ. very God and man, upon whom peace waited, was borne in the xiij year of the reign of Augustus. From this place following, the years sens Christ's birth are placed in the margin, at the beginning of every kings Reign. date 17 GUiderius, the first son of Cymbaline began his reign over the Britain's, in the xvij year after the birth of Christ our Saviour. This man was valiant, hardy, wealthy, and trusted much in his strength. And for that he thought the Romans had their tribute wrongfully, he of great courage denied to pay the same. For which cause Claudius the .v. Emperor came into Britain with a great power, to claim again the payment thereof: & lastly slew the said Guiderius, when he had reigned xxviii years. date 45 arviragus, the youngest son of Southampton, how it took that name. Cymbaline, and brother of Guiderius, was ordained king of britain: he reigned xxvii years. He slew Hamon near to a haven of the sea, and threw him gobbet meal therein: wherefore it is now called Southampton. Claudius' the Emperor (after divers haps of battle took king arviragus to his grace. And for so much as he perceived him to be a valiant prince in token of petition, gave to him his daughter in marriage, named Genissa. Gloucester builded named Tarlion S. Peter crucified, & S. Paul beheaded. This Claudius builded▪ Gloucester: and was there buried. S. Peter by the tyranny of Nero, was crucified at Rome▪ altar the birth of our Saviour jesus Ch●iste lxviii years: and S. Paul was there beheaded wi●h the sword. date 73 Marius', the son of arviragus, an excellent wise man was ordained king of Britain. He reigned liii years. In his time Lodrike king of the Pictes accompanied with the Scots, invaded britain, and spoiled the country with sword and fire: against whom Marius with his knights assembled in all haste, and gave them sharp battle. Wherein Lodrike captain of the Pictes was slain, with a great numbered of his soldiers: to them which remained, Marius gave inhabitance in the further part of scotland. And forasmuch as the Britain's disoained to give their daughters to them in marriage, they acquainted them with the Irishmen, and married their daughters, & grew in process of time to a great people. This Marius builded the town of Chester ●own built. Chester, and is buried at Carlyon. date 126 COilus, the son of Marius, was or deigned king of the britains. He was brought up even from his young age in Italy among the Romans, and therefore favoured them greatly, & paid the tribute truly. Some writ, that he Colchester builded. builded the town of Colchester, he reigned liij years, & was buried at York. date 180 LUcie, the son of Coilus was ordained king of britain, who in all his acts and deeds followed the steps of his forefathers; in such wise that he was of all men loved and dread. This Lucy England first received the christian faith in the viii year of his reign, that was about the year of our Lord. 187. sent loving letters to Eleutherius bishop of Rome, desiring him to send some devout & learned men, by whose instruction both he and his people might be taught the faith and religion of Christ: whereof Eleutherius being very glad sent into britain ii famous clerks. Faganus and Dunianus. By whose diligence Lucy and his people of Britain were instructed and baptized in the faith of Christ. 1294. years, after the arrival of Brute: The year of Christ. 189. Lucius' king of britain, when he had reigned xii years deceased, and was buried at Gloucester: after whose death, for so much as of him remained no heir, the britains between themselves fell at great discord and war, which continued to the great disturbance of the realm about xu years. By mean of this foresaid discord among the Britons, Severus was moved to make haste into this Country, as well to quiet the realm, as to keep back the Pictes and Scots, which vexed them with war he caused a wall of turns and great adrian's wall repaired by Severus, which is yet called the scottish bank. stakes to be made of the length of. 112. miles (or after some) repaired the wall of Adrian: It began at Tyne, & reached to the Scottish sea. This Severus governed britain .v. years, and was buried at York. date BAssianus Caracalla succeeded his father in the Empire, and reigned vi. years. Of nature he was cruel and fierce, able to endure all pains and labours, & especially in warfare, whereto he seemed to be framed of nature. IN Britain was yet no king: but the Emperor was accounted as king, wherefore Carassus, a britain of low birth) but valiant and hardy in martial deeds) purchased of the Emperor, the keeping of the coasts of br●tayn. By means where of he drew to him many knights of his country, and addressed deadly war against the Romans, having the better hope, for that he heard of the death of Bassianus the emperor, who about this time was slain by one of his own servants. Alectus, a Duke of Rome was sent to subdue Carassus, which unleefully usurped the Crown of britain: which Alectus vanquished Carassus: and lastly slew him, when he had reigned viii. years. date 226 ALectus, the roman governed the Britain's after he had subdued the land again to the Romans: and used among them much cruelty & tyranny. Wherefore they intending utterly to expel the Romans, moved a noble man called Asclepiodatus, to take on him the kingdom: who gathered a great power and made sharp war upon the Romans, and chased them from country to country, until at length Alectus kept him at London for his most surety: whither Asclepiodatus pursued him Alectus slain by Asclepiodatus. and near to that city gave him battle: in which Alectus was slain, when he had governed britain uj years. date Asclepiodatus, after Alectus was thus slain, belayed the city of London with a strong siege, wherein was Linius Gallus the roman capitain, & ere it were long, by knightly force and violence, entered the city, and slew the forenamed Gallus, near unto a broke there at that day running, into which broke he threw him: by reason whereof, it was Walbroke in London how it took that name. called Gallus or Wallus brook: and this day, the street where sometime the broke ran, is called Walbroke. After which victory Asclepiodatus governed britain xxv years. date AT this time happened a great dissension in britain between Asclepiodatus their king, & one coil duke of Colchester: whereby was raised a grievous war, in which Asclepiodatus was slain. And coil took on him the Asclepiodatus was slain. kingdom of britain, and governed the realm the space of xxvii years. date 289 COnstantius, a duke of Rome was sent into britain to recover the tribute: shortly after whose arrival, coil which then was king, died: wherefore the britain's to have more surety of peace, willed this duke to take to wife Helena, the daughter of coil, which was a wonderful fair maiden, and therewith well learned. This Constantius when he had recovered the tribute, returned with his wife Helena to Rome as chief ruler in britain, who governed▪ the same xxi years: he was buried at York. In this Constantius time, was S. Albon prothomartir of England, martyred at Verolan. date 310 COnstantine, the son of Constantius, succeeded as well in the kingdom o● britain, as in the governance of other realms, that were subject afore to his father. This Constantine was a right noble and valiant prince and son of Helena, a woman of great sanctimony, and borne in britain. He was so mighty in martial prowess, that he was surnamed the great Constantine: and had the Faith of Christ in such reverence, that alway most studiously he endeavoured to augment the same. In witness of his belief, he caused a Book of the Gospel to be carried before him, and made the Bible to be copied out, and sent into all Wherefore the Kings of England wear close crowns. parts of the Empire. Of this man the kings of Britain had first the privilege to wear close crowns or Diadems: he reigned xviii years. ●Ctauius came into britain, who is called in the English Chronicles Octavian) reigned in this land at the least 54. years. In which time he was troubled with ofteme wars by the Romans. date MAximus, son of Leonine, and cousin Germayne to Constantine the great, was made king of Britain. This man was mighty of his hands: but for that he was cruel, and pursued some deal the Christians, he was called Maximus the tyrant. Between him, and one Conon Meridoke a britain, was strife and debate, in which they both sped diversly: but at length they were made friends. Maximus Maximus conquered little Britain. reigned viii years. He made war upon the Galls, and sailed into Armerica, now called little britain: and subduing the country, gave it to Conon Meridoke, to hold for ever of the kings of great britain. Saint Ursula, with the. 11000. virgins, which were sent into little Britain S. Ursula of England to be married to the foresaid Conon and his knights: were slain of the barbarous people being on the sea. date 391 FOrthwith the foresaid Gratian that was sent into britain of Maximus to defend the land from Barbarians, took on him the kingdom of britain and exercised all tyranny and exaction upon the people: for which cause he was abhorred of all the britains: and by them was slain: when he had reigned four years. Then was the realm a good space without head or governor: In the which time they were now and then very much vexed with the foresaid Barbarous people, and other foreign enemies. near about the year of Christ. 427. The scots and Pictes invade England. the britains were invaded again by the Picts and Scots: which not withstanding the foresaid wall that was made by the Romans, spoiled the country very sore, so that they were driven to seek new help of the Romans: who sent to them a company of soldiers: which again chased the Picts, and A wall of stone between England and Scotland. made a wall of stone of the thickness of viii. foot, & in height 12▪ foot. Which thing when they had done comforting the Britons, and admonishing them hereafter to trust to their own manhood & strength, they returned again to Rome The Scots and Pictes yet once again entered the land of Britain, spoiling the country, and cha●yng the commons so cruelly, that they were altogether comfortiesse, and brought to such misery, that each rob and spoiled other, and over this, the ground was untilled: whereof ensued great scarcity and hunger, and after hunger death. In this necessity they sent for The scots & Picts in vaded this Realm so sore, that the Romans' refused to defend the same: but rather to lose their tribute. aid to Aetius, the Roman capitain being then occupied in wars in a part of France: but they had no comfort at his hand. And therefore were forced to send ambassade to Aldroenus king of little britain, to desire aid and comfort: which they obtained, in condition, that if they achieved the victory, Constantine his brother should be made king of britain: for to that day they had no governor. Which thing of the ambassadors being granted, the said Constantine gathered a company of soldiers, and went forth with them. And when he had manfully vanquished their enemies, obtained the victory: according to the promise made, he was ordained their king, and guided this land ten years. Here endeth finally the dominion & tribute of the Romans over this land, which had continued by the space of 483. years, from the time that Brute began to rule this land. 1541. After the city of Rome was builded. 1585. years THen it followed, that when Constantine brother of Aldroenus, had chastd and overcome the Picts and Scots (as is beforesaid) he was crowned king of great Britain, and guided the land the space of ten years in quietness. date 433 In the court of Constantine King of britain was a certain Pict, in so great favour and authority with the king, that he might at all times come The king slain in his chamber by a Picte. to his presence: who watching his time, by secret means traitorously slew the king in his chamber. date 443 THen Constantius his eldest son, which for his soft spirit was made a monk at saint Swithens in Winchester, by the means of Vortiger, duke A Monk made king of England. of Cornewal, was taken out of the cloister, & made king: under whose name the foresaid Vortiger ruled all the land and used great tyranny. Constantius, king of britain, was slain of certain Pictes or Scots, The King traitorously slain by certain Pictes. whom Vortiger had ordained for a guard to the kings body. Whereof when Vortiger had knowledge, he wept and made semblant of great sorrow and heaviness: and caused the said Scots or Pictes to be put to death, though he in deed were the chief causer of their treason and murder. So this Constantius reigned but .v. years: And Aurelius and Uther, the kings younger brethren, fled into Britain. date 448 VOrtiger was by force ordained k●g of britain, and governed the realm xvi. years, not without trouble. For the nobles of Britain suspected, that Constantius was not murdered with out his consent: and therefore alienated their minds from him. In britain was so great plenty of Great plenty of corn & grain. corn and fruit, that the like had not been seen many years before. Whicde plenty was cause of idleness, gluttony lechery, and other vices: so that through their incontinent and riotous living, ensued so great pestilence & mortality that the living scantly sufficed to bury A great pestilence. the dead. The Pictes and Scots also, having knowledge of the death of their knights, which were slain by Vortiger, for murdering of the king: invaded, The scots and Pictes spoilt this land. and in most cruel wise spoiled the land of Britain. Vortiger being sore abashed, for so much as he knew the minds of his people to be alienated from him: sent for the Saxons, named Angli, which had no place to dwell in: and gave to them inhabitant in Kent. By their help The first Saxons entering this realm. and manhood in many battles he vanquished and drove back the Pius and other enemies: and therefore had them ever after in great love and favour. Hengist, one of the captains of the Saxons, found means that Vortiger king of Britain married his daughter King Vortiger divorced from his lawful wife and married Rowan the daughter of Hengist the Saxon. Rowan, a maiden of wonderful beauty and pleasantness, but a miscreant and pagan. For her sake, the king was divorced from his lawful wife: by whom he had iii sons. For which deed well near all the Britons forsook him: and the Saxons daily increased both in favour, multitude and authority: & from this time sought always occasion to extingny she utterly the power of the Britain's, and subdue the land to themself. The Saxons covenanted with the Britons, that they should attend to their worldly business: and the Saxons (as their soldiers) would defend the land from the incursions of all enemies: for which service the Britain's should give to them competent meat and wages. And under this pretence caused more Saxons to be sent for, intending at convenient time, by force to have the land in their subjection. Saint Germain came into britain Pelagius heresy in England. to reduce them from the heresy of Pelagius▪ to the faith of Christ. The britains considering the daily repair of the Saxons into this realm showed their king, the jeopardy that might thereof ensue▪ and advertised him to avoid the danger, and expel them out of the realm: but all was in vain. For Vortiger, by reason of his wife, bore such favour towards the Saxons that he would in no wise hear the councelle of his subjects. Wherefore they Vortiger deprived of his kingdom. with one will and mind deprived him of his royal dignity, and ordained to their King, his eldest son Vortimerus. date 464 VOrtimer (as before is said) being The king poisoned by his stepmother. made king, in all hasthe pursued the Saxons: And by his martial knighthood, vanquished them in four great battles, besides conflicts and skirmishes. until at length he was poisoned by mean of Rowen his stepmother, after he had reigned seven. years. VOrtiger obtained again the kingdom of great britain, and reigned after this time ix years. The Saxons in Britain, by privy guile and treason, got the king Vortiger into their hands, and kept him as prisoner: and by that means constrained the King to grant unto them three countries in the land of britain: (that is to say) Kent, Sussex, Suffolk and Norfolk. Then Hengist began his dominion over Kent: and sending for ●o Saxons, to inhabit the other provinces: shortly after made war upon the britains and so chased them, that he kept his kingdom of Kent in peace and war xxiiij years. Vortiger fled into Wales, and there builded a Castle. Of which building and long let of the same, and of his prophet Merline the common voice of the people speaketh many things. Aurelie surnamed Ambrose, and Uther, the brethren of Constantius king of britain: which was slain by the treason of Vortiger, landed with a navy King Vortiger burned. of ships Totnes: and by the help of britains, which gathered to the in all haste, made war upon Vortiger & burned him in his castle in Wales. date 481 AVrelius Ambrose, was ordained king of britain, which immediately hasted him with an army towards York, against Octa son of Hengist, who with his saxons kept the Citie● where he discomfited, and took prisoner the said Octa. A Saxon named Hella; with his. ii● The second kingdom▪ of the saxons. sons, and a company of Saxons landed in the south part of Britain, slew the britons, & chased many of them into deserts & woods, and subdued the countries of Southery, Somerset, devonshire and Cornwall, which after was called the kingdom of south Saxons. A Saxon named Porthe, landed with How portsmouth●▪ came by that name. The third kingdom of the Saxons. his ii sons, at an haven in southsex: After whom, the Haven is named Portsmouthe. The kingdom of the East Saxons began in britain under a duke named Vffa: The kingdom whereof contained Norfolk and Suffolk: the kings of that lordship were called Vffines: great murder & vexation of the britains was at the entering of those Saxons. In the end of Aurelie his reign, Pascentius, the youngest son of Vortiger: who for fear of Aurelius fled in to Ireland, invaded this land with a great army. Aurelius died being poisoned when he had reigned xix years. date VTher, surnamed Pendragon, was crowned king of Britain, and▪ reigned xvi years. He was enamoured upon the duke's wife of Cornwall: and to obtain his unleeful lust, made war upon her husband Garelus, and slew him in battle: he was buried at stonehenge. date 517 ARthur, the son of Uther Pendragon, Gildas made a book de gestis Arthuri. Windesor▪ castle buil▪ deed. a stripling of xu years of age, began his reign over Britain, and governed the land xxvi years, having continual war and mortal battle with the saxons. john Frosarde▪ affirmeth, that king▪ Arthure builded the castle of Wyndesour: and there founded the order of the round Table. The fourth kingdom of the west Saxons began in Britain, under a The fourth kingdom of the Saxons. Saxon called Cerdicus. They landed first at an have in Norfolk called Yarmouth. With this Saxon Cerdicus, & his people, Arthur had much trouble and war. This lordship contained the west part of England, as Wilshyre▪ somersetshire, berkshire, dorsetshire▪ and other▪ Arthure, when after many and die▪ verse battles, he had set his land● in some quietness: he betook the rule thereof to his nephew Mordred, and with a chosen army sailed into France where he did marvelous things, and vanquished Lucius Hibertus, the Roman captain, which thing seemeth not to agree with other histories. Mordred, which had the governance Mordred the traitor usurpeth the crown. of Britain in the absence of Arthure, by treason was crowned king through the help of Cerdicus king of west Saxons. Of which treason when relation came to Arthur being then in France: with all haste he made back to Britain: where he was met of Mordred, which gave to him three strong battles. In the which many noble and valiant knights perished. And lastly, in a battle Mordred slain and Arthur wounded to to death. fought besides Glastenbury, Mordred was slain, and Arthure wounded unto the death. He was buried in the valley of Aualon, and afterwards at Glastenbury. date 543 COnstantine, kinsman to Arthure by assent of the Britons was ordained king of Britain, and reigned three years. This man was by the two sons of Mordred grievously vexed. For they claimed the land by the right of their father: so that between them was fought sundry battles: In the which lastly the two brethren were vanquished and slave. Holy Gildas our countreiman flourished Gildas the wise. in this time, he was called Gildas the wise. Aurelius Conanus a britain raised mortal war against Constantine the king: and after sore fight, s●ew him in the field, when he had reigned three years, and was buried at Stonehing. date AVrelius Conanus, was crowned king of britain: he was noble, hardy, and therewith very liberal, but he cherished such as loved strife and dissension within his Realm: and gave light credence to them, which accused other, were it right or wrong. He imprisoned by strength his uncle, which was right heir to the crown: & died when he had reigned three years. The kingdom of Northumberland The .v. and vi. kingdom of the Saxons. began first in britain under a Saxon, named Ida▪ This province was first divided into two kingdoms: The one was called Deyra, which contained the land from Humber to Tine: the other Brenitia, which included the country from Tyne to the Scottish sea. After this day the britains decreased daily in lordship and rule, and drew them towards Wales, so that the country about Chester, was the chief of their lordship. date 548 VOrtiporus, the son of Codanus, was ordained king of britain: of whom is little memory left, saving that Guido testifieth, that he was a victorious prince: and that he in divers battles discomfited the Saxons: he reigned four years. date 552 MAlgo, a duke of Britain, began his reign over the britains, and governed them xxxv years, as writer's record. This Malg● was the comeliest and most personable man of all the britons then living, and therewith endued with knightly manhood: but he delighted in the foul sin of Sodomy: and therefore was greatly spoiled by his enemies the Saxons. Ethelbect, king of the Saxons in The first war between the Saxons in this realm Kent, gave battle to Ceaulmus king of the west Saxons: in which fight were slain ii dukes of Ethelberts, & himself with his people chased. This was the first war between the Saxons, after they had land and dwelling within this realm. date 586 CAreticus began to rule the britons: this man (as witnesseth all writers) loved civil war, & was audible both to god and to his subjects, they moved the Saxons to war upon him: who took from him a great part of his land. The Saxons hearing of the dissension Gurmundus builded Gurmund chester. between Careticus & his britons, being accompanied with Gurmundus king of Ireland, made war upon Careticus, in such wise that he was fain to take the town of Cicester, where they assaulted him so sore that he with his men fled from thence into Wales: by which means he left a great part of his dominion: and shortly after ended his life, when he had reigned three years. date 589 THe britains which were chased by their enemies into Wales (as is before said) held them in those parties, and assaulted the Saxons some while in one coast, & some while in an other under sundry dukes, and so continued the space of xxiiij years. In Britain Ethelfridus governed the Northsaxons, who made such continual war upon the Britons, and chased them so sore, that it is thought he slew more of them, than all the other Saxons kings. By this cruelty, the faith of Christ was almost utterly extinguished among the Britain's, which had continued sense the time of Lucius about. 400. years, and many of the britains were chased out of the Island, the rest remained in Wales: who there kept the Christian Faith, which they had received. The britains being chased out of their The Saxons had the whole possession of this realm country into Wales, the Saxons obtained the whole dominion of this Island: Saving a part of Scotland which was subject to the picts and Scots: & the Britons kept themselves in Wales. In Anno d●i. 596. S. Gregory sent S. Augus. came into England. S. Austin's of Cantorb. S. Paul's church in London & s. Andrews in Roches. s peter's at west. built 613. Augustin Melitus justus, & john, with other learned men to preach the christian faith to the Angles: which were first received of Ethelbert king of Kente, whom they converted to the faith, with divers of his people. This Ethelberte (as some writ) first began to build S. Augustine's in Cantorbury. S. Paul's church in London & s. Andrews in Rechester: he also excited a citisen of London to build the abbey of westminster. CAdwan duke of North-wales, was made sovereign of the britains, who conuning out of Wales, gave strong battle to Ethelfride king of Northumberlande their most deadly enemy: and in divers encounters so discomfited the said Ethelfride, that he was forced to entreat for peace: After which concord made between those two. princes, they continued all their life time, as two special and loving friends, he reigned xxij years. Also about this time began the kingdom The vii kingdom. of Mercia or middle England under the strong paynim & Saxon called Penda: which lordship contained Huntingtonshire, Herefordshire, Gloucestershire, and other, and was greatest of all other kingdoms. At that time reigned in divers parts of this land Paulinus builded the great church at Lincoln. Iron cups fastened by wells & fountains to drink in 635. seven. kings Edwin king of Northumberlande was baptized of the holy bishop Paulinus: and after him, many of his people: he for the refreshing of wayfaring men, ordained cups and dishes of iron to be fastened by such clear wells and fountains as did run by the ways side. CAdwallyn the son of began his reign over the britains. He was valiant and mighty, and warred strongly upon the saxons: and made Penda king of Mercia tributary to him: he reigned xlviij years and was buried at London in S. Martin's church by Ludgate. Segebert, king of east Angles or Norfolk, ordained good learning to be taught, and erected Schools in The first School in Cambridge builded. divers parts of his dominion, as he sometime had seen in France. By him was the first common School founded at Cambridge. Penda king of Mercia warred upon Oswalde the good and holy king of Northumberland: and siue him in battle with many of his knights. Oswye. the brother of Oswald obtained the kingdom of Northumberlande: who siue Oswyne his brother's son: and made Odilwaldus partaker of his kingdom. Kenwalcus king of West Saxons was restored to his kingdom by the ●he bishops see of Winchester builded. help of Anna, king of east angles. He builded the bishops see of Winchester, and made Agelbert the first bishop of that see. And after him was one named Wine, of whom the city took the name of Wynchester. Benet the monk, and master of the Glazing brought first into England. The abbes of Abingt● Chertsty, & Barking builded. reverend Beda, was famous in britain This Benet brought first the craft of glazing into this land. Cissa begun to build the abbey of Abingdon, and Erkenwalde bishop of London builded the abbeys of Chertsey, and of Bar●ing in Essex. Chertsey in Southery was afterward destroyed by the Danes. date 683 CAdwallader was ordained king of Britons, and ruled only three years. He vanquished and slew Lothayre king of Kente, and Athelwolde king of South saxons, and then forsaking his kingly authority, he went to The king became a monk. Rome, and there became a religious man, and was buried at saint Peter's church at Rome. He was the last king of Britain. And this land after this The Island called universally England. time was called Anglia, and the inhabitants thereof Angles or Englishmen, and the britains were called Welshmen. This happened. 1791 years, or as sayeth Fabian. 18●2. after that Brute first arrived in this land: After the conquest of Cesar. 735. years: From the entering of the Saxons under their leaders Hengist and Horsus, in the time of Vortiger. 236. or near thereabout. Thus endeth the reign of the Britons: and now followeth the reign of the Saxons. And although the Saxons h●d divided this realm into seven several kingdoms: yet I will now speak chiefly of the west Saxons in order, because that (in process of time) they subdued the other kings, and brought it again into one monarchy. date 686 AMong the west Saxons reigned a noble man called jew, of great power and wisdom, and therewith valiant and hardy: in feats of arms very expert: he maintained such war against The colleg of Wells, & the abbei of Glastemburi newly builded. The queen of west saxons was abbess of Barking. the king her husband became a religious man the kentish Saxons, that he constrained them to seek a●d entreat means of peace, giving to him for the same great gifts. This man builded first the college of Welles, & the abbey of Glastenbury: he paid the Peter pens first to Rome, when he had governed the west Saxons by the space of xxxvii years, by the earnest labour of his wife Etheldreda, which was an holy woman and abbess of Barking in Essex, gave up his royal power, and became a poor man, & went to Rome on pilgrimage, he is of Beda called Hun or jewe. date 724 AFter him Ethelarde was king of west Saxons, in whose time the reverend Beda was famous, and wrote S. Beda in this time wrote in England. his book called Anglica historia, to Of frick king of Northumberland. Ethelarde reigned .v. years. date 729 CVthred was king of west Saxons This man made war upon Ethelwald of Mercia, and sped therein diversly. two come●●or blazing stars. Crowland abbey builded. Beda deceased In his time appeared two blazing stars, casting as it were burning brands towards the north. He reigned xvi years. Ethelwald before named builded the abbey of Crowland. The holy man Beda, which for his learning & godly life, was renowned in all the world, ended his last day about the year of Christ. 734. he in his life compiled lxxviij books. date 745 SIgebert was made king of West Saxons: he was cruel & tyrannous towards his subjects, & changed ancient laws and customs, after his own will and pleasure. And because a certain noble man, some deal sharply advertised him to change his manners, he maliceously caused the same person to be put cruelly to death: And for so much as he continued in his malice, & would not amend: he was deprived of all kingly authority: and lastly, as a The king deprived, & slain by a swineherd. person desolate and forlorn, wandering alone in a wood, was slain by a swineherde, whose lord and master, (when he had reigned as king) he was wrong fully put to death, when he had reigned three years. date 748 KEnulphus, of the lineage & blood of Cerdicus first king of west saxons, reigned in the kingdom xxxi years. Kenuife king of Mercia builded the Winchomb abbey builded. The abbey S. Albon builded. abbey of Wynchcombe. Offa, king of Mercia builded the abbey of saint Albon, he chased the britons or Welshemen into Wales, and made a famous dike between Wales and the utterboundes of Mercia, which is now called Offa dike. Kenulphus as he haunted to a woman, which he kept at Merton, was The king Kenulphus slain. slain by treason of one Clio, the kinsman of Sigebert, late king. He was buried at Winchester. date 778 BRithricus, of the blood of Cerdicus, was made king of west saxons: and knightly ruled his land, the space▪ of xvii years: he married one of the daughters of Offa, king of Mercia In his time it reigned blood from It rained blood. heaven, which falling on men's clothes, appeared like crosses. The Danes first entered this land of The danes first entered this land. Britain, but by the strength and puissance of Brithricus, and other kings of the saxons they were driven back, and compelled to void the land. Brichricus was poisoned by his wife Ethelburga. The king poisoned by his wife For which deed the nobles ordained, that from thenceforth the kings wives should not be called Queens, nor suffered to sit with them in places of estate. date 795 EGbert the Saxon, which by Brithricus was chased out of the Realm, having knowledge of the death of Brithricus, returned out of France and in so knightly wise demeaned himself, that he obtained the government of west saxons, he tamed the well she men, vanquished Berthulphus king of middle England, and reigned as king over the more part of England, the space of xxxvii years, and was buried at Winchester. The Danes with a great host, entered The danes second entering this land. this land the second time, and spoiled the Is●e of Shepey in Kente, against whom Egbert the king addressed him with his power: who the Danes forced to flee the field. After which time, some of the Danes continually abode in one place or other of this land. date 832 EThelwolphus, the son of Egbert An hospital for english men builded at Rome. Oxenford builded. began his reign over the more part of England. He went to Rome, where he repaired the english school, which was first founded by Offa king of Mercia. This school was after turned to an hospital for englishmen, which came to Rome. he first founded the university of Oxenford, which some writers attribute to Offa, king of Mercia He reigned xxiij years, and was buried at Winchester. date 855 EThelwaldus, after the death of his father, began his reign in England he married a woman, which his father had kept before as his concubine: and died when he had not reigned fully one year. date 856 EThelbert, the brother of Ethelwold The Danes third entering this land. was made king over the more part of England. In the beginning of his reign, the Danes entered the west part of the realm, and spoiled the country afore them, till they came to Winchester, and by strength took it. But by the king and his dukes, they were forced to leave Wynchester, and in retiring towards their ships, they lost a great number of their men. He reigned seven. years, and was buried at Sherborn. date 893 ETheldred the third son of Ethelwolphus, This king divided the day & night in. 3. parts 8▪ hours to serve god 8 hours to here suits of his people &. 8. hours to take his sleep & rest. took on him the governance of Westesaxons, and other provinces of England. He was a man framed of nature aswell to peace as war. Among his subjects, he was mild, gentle, loving and pleasant: against his adversaries, severe, fierce, valiant, and hardy. He lived in continual war with the Danes: which all the time of his reign, vexed this land with most deadly wars: he divided the day in three parts eight hours to serve god eight to here suits of his people, and eight to take his sleep and rest. A company of Danes landed in Northumberlande: The danes landed in Northumberland. and after many sayrmyshes and battles to them given by strength they possessed and held that country, the space of lx years, and got also the City of York. A company of the Danes entered the King Ed●mund slain by the danes. country of Norfolk, where they siue the holy king Edmond, which governed the province of Norfolk: because he would not forsake the faith of Christ. At Colingham abbey saint Ebb abbess Women to keep thei● cut of her nose & overlip, & persuaded all her sisters to do the like that they being audible to the Danes, mought the better keep their virginity: in despite whereof, the Danes burned the abbey, and the Nuns therein. Also those Danes landed again in Southerey, and went forward till they came to Reading, and took that town and castle: at which time, while Etheldred was busied against them, he had word of the landing of Offrike king of Denmark with an other company, The king slain by Danes. The priory at Excetor builded. to whom the king gave many strong battles. But in the end he was put to the worse, and received a wound, whereof he died, when he had reigned ix years. He builded the priory of Canons at Excetor, & was buried at Winbourne. date ALured, the fourth son of Ethelwolphus began his reign over the more part of England, and reigned xxviij. years. He was wise, discrete, and learned, and favoured good letters Shaftsbury & Etheling●ei builded. First school 〈◊〉 Oxenford excellently well. He builded the house of Nuns at Shaftisbury, and an other at Ethelyngsey. By the counsel of Nottus, Alured ordained the first Grammar school in Oxenford, and franchised the town with many great liberties. He builded the new minster in Wynchester, Newabbel in winch. date 901 King Edward the signior. Herford castle built. The monastery of S. Peter in Gloucester builded. and there lieth buried. date 925 King cronned at Kingston. EDward, the elder son of Alured, began his reign over the most part of England, and governed this land well and nobly xxiiij years. He builded Hereford castle, and adjoined to his lordship all this Island, saving only Northumberlande, which was possessed of the Danes. He lieth buried at Wynchester by his father, in the new minster. he builded the monastery of S. Peter in Gloucester. ADelstane, after the death of Edward signior his father, began his reign in England. He was a prince of worthy memory, valiant and wise in all his acts: and brought this land to one monarchy: for he expelled utterly the Danes, subdued the Scots, and quieted the Welshmen. He reigned xu years, and lieth at Malmsbury. date Edmund, the brother of Adelstane took on him the governance of this Realm of England: whose short reign took from him the renown of most high praises that should have redounded to his posterity: for he was a man disposed of nature to nobleness & justice: he reigned vi. years and was buried at Glastenbury. date 946 ELdred succeeded Edmund his brother: King crowned at king hull. for his sons Edwine and Edgar, were thought to young to take on them so great a charge. This Eldred had the earnest favour of the commons, because he was a great maintainer of honesty, and also most abhorred naughty and unruly persons for his expertness in feats of arms, he was much commended. Whereby he quieted and kept in due obeisance, the Northumber's & Scots, and exiled the Danes. He reigned ix years, and was buried in the cathedral church of Wynchester. EDwine succeeded his uncle Eldred crowned at Kingston. A vicious king. in the kingdom: of whom is left no honest memory, for one heinous act by him committed in the beginning of his reign. In the self day of his Coronation, he suddenly withdrew himself from his Lords, and in the sight of certain persons, ravished his own kinswoman, the wife of a noble man of his Realm: and afterward slew her husband, that he might have the unlawful use of her beauty: which act, and for banishing Dunstane, he became audible to his subjects and of the Northumber's, & people of middle England, that rose against The king deprived. him was deprived, when he had reigned four years, he was buried in the cathedral church of Winchester. date 959 EDgar, brother to Edwine, began crowned at Bath: some say at Kingston. his reign in England. He was a prince of worthy memory, for his manifold virtues greatly renowned: so excellent in justice, and sharp in correction of vices, aswell in his magistrates, as other subjects: that never before his days was used less felony by robs, or extortion or bribery by false officers. He chastised also the great negligence, covetousness, & vicious living of the clergy, he reformed, & brought them to a better order: of stature he was but little, but of mind valiant & hardy, and very expert in martial policy, he prepared a great navy of ships, which he disposed in three parts of his This king builded & repaired ●iltō, Peterborowe, Thorney, Ramsei, & ● realm, and had soldiers always priest and ready against the incursions of foreign and strange enemies, he reigned xvi. years. He builded Peter's Bury, Thorney, Ramsey, and many other, and was buried at Glastenbury. date EDward the son of Edgar by his first wife, began his reign over this realm, contrary to the mind and pleasure of Elfride his stepmother, and other of her alliance. In all kinds of honest virtue, this man might well be compared to his father: and began his Reign with such modesty and mildness, that he was worthily favoured of all men: Except only Elfride, which ever bore a grudge against him: for so much as she desired to have the governance of the Realm, for her own son egelred. Edward, while he was hunting in a forest (by chance) lost his company, and road alone to refresh him The king murdered by his stepmother. at the castle of Corffe: where by the counsel of his stepmother Elphrede, he was traiteroussye murdered, as he sat on his horse: When he had reigned three years. He was buried at Shaftesburye. It is of some authors written, that the foresaid Elphred did afterward take great penance, and that she builded Almesbury and Warwel: ●lmes●ury ● Warwel builded. In which Warwell she after lived a solitary life till she died▪ date 978 EGelrede or etheldred, the son of The King crowned at Kingston. king Edgar and Elphrede, was ordained king of England, and crowned at Kyngston. In his time the Danes arrived in sundry places of Englad: as in the Isle of Thenet, in Cornwall, and Sussex. In conclusion, for avoiding of further danger, he was compelled to appease them with great sums of money: but when the money was spent, they fell to new robbing, and cess not to spoil the land, and London besieged by the Danes. lastly besieged London. And to augment the kings sorrow, Elphricus that then was admiral of England, traitorously fled to the Danes. And after, being reconciled, fled to them the second tyme. The bloody flux, the burning fever with divers other maladies vexed the people throughout all England. Swain king of Denmark repent of the former covenants, made with the Englishmen, with a strong army entered Northumberlande, and so went forth till he came to London, which he besieged, & destroyed the country of Kent. Egelrede despairing of all recovery, ●●ed to Richard duke of Normandy: & then possessed Swain the hole kingdom of this realm: who spoiled the lands of S. Edmund's. But after his death succeeded Canutus his son who enclosed the same with a deep dich, and granted to th'inhabitants thereof, S. Edmundes bury builded. great freedom. And after builded a church over the place of his sepulture, and ordained there an house of monks enduing them with fair possessions. The englishmen sent again for Etheldred out of Normandy, who by the help of the Normans, and present assistance of his commons expelled Canutus▪ but shortly Canutus returned again into England, where he spared nothing that might be destroyed with sword and fire. In which time king Etheldred ended his life, when he had reigned xxxviij years, and was buried in the north Isle of Paul's church in London, above the altar. In the second▪ year of this Kings reign a great part of the city of London was A great fire in London. wasted with fire: But ye shall understand, that the city of London had most housing and building from Ludgate toward westminster: & little or none where the chief or heart of the City is now, except in divers places was housing▪ but they stood without order. So that many towns and cities, as Cantorbury, York, and divers other in England, passed London in building. But after the conquest it increased, and shortly after passed and excelled all the other. date AFter the death of Etheldred, great variance fell between the englishmen for the election of their king: for the citizens of London with certain other, named Edmund the son of Etheldred, a young man of lusty and valiant edmund with the Ironsyde. courage in martial adventures both hardy and wise, and one that could ve●y well endure all pains: Wherefore he was surnamed Ironsyde: but the more part favoured Canutus the Dane. By means whereof, between those two princes were fought many great battles: in the which either party sped diversly to the great slaughter of them that took their parts. But lastly it was agreed, that the two captains should try their quarrel between themselves only. In which fight, although Edmund seemed to have the upper hand: yet he condescended to divide the realm, and make Canutus' fellow with him in the kingdom. An English Earl called Edricus, which by his falsehood wrought much hurt to his natural country, and lastly was author of the death of the noble Edmund. And thereof himself brought first knowledge to Canutus the Dane, saying in this wise: Thus have I done Canutus for love of thee. To whom he answered: saying: For my love thou hast murdered thine own sovereign Lord, whom I loved most entirely: I shall in reward thereof, exalt thy head above all the Lords of A just reward given England. And forthwith commanded him to be beheaded, and his head to be set upon a spear on the highest gate of London. These princes reigned together two. years. This Edmund was buried at Glastenbury. date 1018 WHen Canutus was stablished in the kingdom, he had knowledge how Olanus king of Norway in his absence invaded the country of Denmark: wherefore in all hast he sped him thither ward: & by the manhood of the english soldiers, obtained of them a noble victory, and recovered Norway to his signory. Wherefore when he returned into England, he demeaned him toward all men as a sage gentle and moderate prince, and so continued xx. years. Canutus' subdued the Scots, whereby he was king of four kingdoms, that is to say, of England, Scotland, Denmark, and Norway. And after his death was buried at S. Swithins at Winchester. date 1038 HArold, the son of Canutus, by his wife Elgina, for his swiftness surnamed harefoot, began his reign over this realm of England▪ In the beginning he showed some token of cruelty, in that he banished his stepmother Emma, and took from her such jewels and treasure as she had. He reigned iii years. He was buried at westminster, and after at S. Clementes without Temple bar. date HArdikenitus, king of Denmark, after the death of Harolde, was or deigned King of England. He for the injury done to his mother Emma, caused the corpse of Harolde to be taken out of the sepulchre: and siniting of the head, cast it with the body into the river of Thames: where by a fisher it was taken up, and unreverently buried at S. Clementes) as afore is said. He burdeined his subjects with ●ractions and tribute: and in meat and ●ynke was so prodigalle, that his tables were spread four times in the day, and the people served with great excess: when he had reigned three years, he died suddenly at Lambeth, not without suspection of poisoning, and was buried at Winchester. Hardikenitus being dead, the Danes were beaten, slain. and driven out of this land, into their own country xxxiij. years after that Swain began first to reign. date EDwarde, the son of egelred or Etheldred, by the advice of Goodwyne and Leofricus Earl of Chester, after the death of Hardikenitus, was sent for out of Normandy to take on him the governance of▪ this realm of England, which he guided with much wisdom and justice, from whom issued as out of a fountain, very godliness, mercy, pity, and liberality to ward the poor, and gentleness and justice towards all men: and in all honest life, gave most godly example to his people. He discharged the englishmen of the great tribute called the Dane gelt, which was often before time levied to the impoverishing of the people. He subdued the Welshmen, which rebelled and made war upon their borders. William bastard duke of Normandy, William bastard Duke of Normandy. about this time came with a goodly company into England: and was honourably received; to whom the king made great cheer▪ And at his return enriched him with great gifts & pleasures: and (as some writ) made promise to him, that if he died without issue, the same William should succeed him in the kingdom of England. Harold the son of the Earl Goodwin, went to Normandy: where he made faithful promise to duke William, that after the death of Edward, he would keep the kingdom to his behalf: on which condition, he brought with him at his return his brother▪ Tosto. King Edward finished his last day when he had reigned four and twenty years vii months and odd days. He purged the old and corrupt laws The laws of S. Edward the confessor. and picked out of them a certain, which were most profitable for the commons. And therefore were they called the common Laws. For restitution whereof, happened divers commotions and insurrections in this Land. He was buried at Westminster. date harold, the eldest son of Earl goodwin, being of great power in England, and therewith valiant and hardy, took on him the governance of this land, nothing regarding the promise that he made to William, Duke of Normandye. Wherefore when William sent to him Ambassades, admonishing him of the covenants that were agreed between them. Harolde would in no wise surrendre to him the kingdom, which William claimed, not only for the promise that was made to him: but also because he was the next of king Edward's blood. when William Duke of Normandye perceived, that he could not William Duke of Normandy conquered this land. by any means bring harold to fulfil his promise, nor by trea●●e to yield unto him the kingdom: By force he entered the land, to whom harold gave strong and sharp battle. In the end whereof, William chased the englishmen, slew harold, and obtained the governance of this land, when Harolde had reigned but ix months. He was buried at Waltham abbey. Waltham abbey, which he himself had builded, and was the last that reigned of the blood of the Saxons in this Realm. King William Conqueror. Anno Regni i date 1067 WIlliam Duke of Normandy, surnamed Conqueror, Bastard son of Roberte the sixth Duke of that duchy, and nephew unto king Edward the Confessor, began his dominion over this Realm of England, the xiiij day of October▪ in the year of our Lord. 1067. and deceased in the year 1087. the ninth day of September, and reigned nineteen. years xi months, lacking five days. He used great cruelty toward the english men, burdening them with grievous exactions: By mean whereof he caused divers to flee the land into other countries. And like as he obtained the kingdom by force and dent of sword so he changed the whole state of this common weal, and ordained new laws at his pleasure, profitable to himself: but grievous and hurtful to the people This William was wise and politic rich and covetous, and loved well to be magnified. He was a fair speaker and a great dissembler. A man of comely stature, but somedeal gross bealied: stern of countenance, and strong in arms, and had great pleasure in huntynge, and making of sumptuous feasts. Anno. 2. date 1068 The town of Excetour, & the north Two castles builded at York one other at Nottingham, an other at Lincoln. umbers rebelled, which were both subdued, and grievously punished. date 1909 This king William builded four strong castles: Twain at York, one at Notyngham, an other at Lincoln, which he furnished with garrisons of Normaynes. Anno. 3. Canutus' king of Denmark being encouraged thereto by certain English outlaws, invaded the north parts of England, and passed through to York: from whe●s he was driven back by William, and forced to flee into his own country. Anno. 4. date The Scots with their king Mal●olyne, invaded Northumberland, and spoiled the country. Anno. 6. date King William by the counsel of the Earl of Hertford caused the money and riches of the abbeys to be brought into his treasury: he made also the new Forest in the country of Southampton, The new forest in Southampton. for the achieving of which enterprise he was forced to cast down divers towns & churches xxx miles of length, and replenished the same with wild beasts, and made sharp laws for the maintenance & increase of the same. Anno. 10. date Roger earl of Hertford & ranulph earl of Norfolk conspired against king William being in Normandy, both which were by him outlawed, and chased out of the Realm. And Waldiffe that was duke of Northumberlande & Earl of Huntingdon and Northampton (who uttered the conspiracy) Execution at Winchester. was beheaded at Linchester, and buried at Crowland. Anno. 13. date At this time oswald Bishop of Salisbury was famous in England. The king gave the earldom of Northumberlande to Walter bishop of Durham, who was after slain by the men of Northumberland. Anno. 15. date 1081 RObert the eldest son of William invaded his father's Duchy of Normandy, wherewith William being greatly displeased, gave his son a strong battle, in which it fortuned Roberte to me●e unwares in the field with his father, and bore him to the earth. But perceiving by the voice who it was, forthwith he wept from his horse, and saved his father. By which deed he was reconciled, and peace between them was agreed. Anno. 16. date 1082 shrews, & Wenlok abbeys built. About this xvi year, earl Waring earl of Shrewsbury, made two abbeys whereof the one was in the suburbs of Shrewsbury, & the other at Wenloke. Anno. 19 date 1085 King William caused a new manner The number of men & cattle, & how many hids of land was noted in england of tribute to be levied throughout this Realm, for every hide of land (that is twenty acres vi s. And not long after, commanded a valuation to be taken of all lands, fees, and possessions, and diligent search also to be made, what number of men and cattle were within this land. And according A grievous exaction to the quantity & number thereof, gathered an other payment. Anno. 20. date England was vexed with many plagues. For great murrain fell among cattle, brenning fevers, and Great plag● in england hunger among people, great barrenness upon the earth, and much hurt was done in many places, by the misfortune of fire: & specially in London. For a part of Paul's was brent the vii A part of Paul's church brent of july. King William builded two abbeys in England, one at Battle in Sussex: the other near to London called Barmondsay. He builded the third at Cane Battle abbey & Barmondsey abbey builded. in Normandy. He ended his life the ix day of September, and was buried at Cane in Normandy, he had .v. children, Robert, to whom he gave Normandy, Richard, who died in his youth. William Rufus, and Henry, which were kings after him. And one daughter, named Adela, who he gave in marriage to Steven earl of Bloys, who got on her Steven that after was king of England. William Rufus, or William the red king. Anno regni. 1. date 1087 WIlliam Rufus, the second son of William conqueror began his reign over the realm of England, the ninth day of September in the year of our Lord 1087. and deceased in the year of our LORD 1100. the first day of August: so that he reigned xii year xi months lacking eight days. He was variable and inconstant of his demeanour very covetous, and there withal cruel. For he burdened his people with unreasonable taxes. He peeled the rich, and oppressed the poor. And caused many to lose their lands for small causes. And what he thus got by pilling of his people, he prodigally and wastefully spent in great banqueting and sumptuous apparel. Robert Curthoise his elder brother came with an army into England, against William, whereof when the said William had knowledge▪ he entreated peace. Anno. 2. date divers Lords of this realm conspired against William Rufus, & assaulted divers towns within England they stirred in like manner against him Robert Curthoyse duke of Normandy, the second time. But William vanquished the traitors, chased them out of this realm, and made peace with his brother Robert. This second year was A great earthquake. a great earthquake, the xi day of harvest, that overturned many houses and churches in England. Anno. 3. date THe Scots spoiled Northumberland▪ Wherefore willian Rufus provided a navy, and sailed thither: where after divers conflicts and skirmishes a peace was concluded. Anno. 4. date 1090 A great tempest fell on saint Luke's The rose of Bowchu●h● & s●●e hundred houses in London blown down. day in sundry places of England, & specially in Winchecombe: where a great part of the steeple was overthrow: when with thundering & lightning: and in London the wind overturned vi hundred houses, and the roof of Bowchurche in Cheap. date IN this year William Rufus went into Northumberland, & repaired such holds & castles, as the Scots by their wars had impaired: & builded other Newcastel upon Tine builded. ●als. church brent with lightning. there besides, as the new castle on Tyne. etc. This .v. year the roof of Salisoury Church was clean consumed with lightning. Anno. 6. date 1092 In England fell wonderful abundance of rain: and after ensued so great frost, that horses and carts passed commonly over great rivers: when it thawed, Great frost. the great cakes of ice broke down many great bridges. Robert Curthois duke of Normandy Normandy mortgaged to the king of england. laid his dukdome to pawn to his brother William of England for ten thousand pounds. This vi year Hugh Lupus Earl of Chester sent to Normandy for Ancelme, to build an abbey at Chester: Chester abbey built which he after builded, and then was made archbishop of Cantorbury: and after was exiled by William Rufus. Anno. 7. date 1093 MAlcoline king of Scots for displeasure tak● with the unkindness of William Rufus invaded the marches The king of Scots slain in England. of England: and in Northumberland was slain with his eldest son Edward, by Robert Mo●bray, which was Earl of that province. This year was so great a pestilence, Great pestilence. that many men lay unburied. Anno. 8. date 1094 ENgland and Normandy were grieved Great morrein of men. with exactions, and murrain of men so sharply, that tillage of the earth was laid aside for ten year, whereby ensued great hunger and scarcity the years following. And many strange and uncouth fights were seen, as hosts of Sights in the air. men fighting in the say, fiery flames, and such other. Anno. 10. date 1096 THe ten year was seen a blazing star of great brightness. Anno. 11. date 1097 About this time William Rufus builded Westminster hall, who misliking the same, for that it was to small was determined to make a bigger, and that it should serve for a chamber. Anno. 12. date 1098 THe xii year the river of Thames great flou● rose so high that it drowned many towns in England. In England at a town called Finchauster A well 〈…〉 & flames fire seen the 〈◊〉 in berkshire, a well cast out blood as before it had done water, and after by the space of xu days great flames of fire were seen in the element. Anno. 13. date 1099 William Rufus being at his disport of hunting by glancing of an arrow that Walter Tyrell a french knight did shoot, was wounded to death in the new forest in Hampshire, on a Lammas day: and buried at Winchester. King Henry the first, called Beauclerke Anno Reg. 1. date HEnry, the brother of William Rufus, and the first of that name, for his learning called Beauclerke, began his dominion over this realm of England, the first day of August, in the year of our Lord. 1100. and reigned xxxv years iiij. months, and one day. Anno. 2. date ranulph bishop of Durham procured Robert Curthoise duke of Normandy, to war upon his brother Henry for the crown of England, who assembled a strong army, and landed at Portismouth. But by mediation peace was made on this condition, that Henry Tribute to he duke of Normandy. should pay three thousand marks yearly to duke Robert. Anno. 3. date 1102 IN this third year of King Henry The priory & hospital of S. bartholomew in Smithfield begun to be builded. the church & hospital of saint Bartholomew in Smithfield, was begun to be founded by a minstrel of the kings, named Rayer: And after finished by good and well disposed citizens of the city of London, and especially by Richard Whittington. This place of smithfielde was at that day a laystowe of all ordure of filth: and the place where felons and other transgressors of the Smith●●●●ld a laystowe. kings laws were put to execution. Anno. 4. date 1103 RObert Duke of Normandye coming into England by the entreaty of king Henry & his wife, released to him the tribute of three thousand marks. Anno. 5. date But it was not long ere that by means of ill reports, great malice was kindled between the two brethren: and shortly thereupon deadly war sprang, in the end whereof, Robert was taken, and kept in perpetual prison in Cardiff, by his brother, who immediately seized the duchy of Normandy, and held it in his possession. Teukesbury▪ abbey builded. Sir Robert le Fitzhan builded Teukesbury, and there was buried. Anno. 6. date 1105 RObert Earl of Shrewesbury, and Rebellion in shropshire and Cornwall. William of Cornwall, rebelled against king Henry, and were taken and condemned to perpetual imprisonment. Anno. 7. date 1106 IN England appeared a blazing star between the south and the west, and against that in the east appeared a great beam (as it were) stretching toward A blazing star. the star, and shortly after were seen two moons, the one in the east, and tother in the west. Anno. 9 date 1108 HEnry the emperor desired to wife Maude, the eldest daughter of king Henry of England, being then but .v. years of age, nor able to be married. Anno. 10. date 1179 IN the. 10. year of his reign, the king married Robert his bastard son, to Mabe●●●●●ghter & heir of Roberts Fitzha●●, and made him the first earl of Gloucester, who after builded the strong castle of Brystowe. And the priory The strong castle of bristol built Euishan abbey builded of saint james in the northesyde of the same city, where his body was buried. And his son earl William began the abbey of Euishan. Anno. 13. date 1112 AT Shrewesbury in England was A greh earthquake. a great earthquake, and the river of Trent was so dried, that the space of one day men went over dryshod. And this year the king builded the abbey of Hid abbey builded. Hyde without the walls of Winchester that of old time was within the walls. A blazing star appeared soon after, and there upon followed a hard winter, A blazing star. death of men, scarcity of victuals, and morayne of beasts Anno. 15. date 1114 King Henry of England gave his daughter in marriage to the Emperor with great dower, and made William his son Duke of Normandy, whereof began the usage and custom that the kings of England made their eldest sons dukes of Normandy. Anno. 18. date jews invaded Normandy with much cruelty, and took the city of Lignes in Cavise Wherefore king Henry assembled a strong army, met with Lewis in plain field, and fought with him a cruel and deadly battle: in the end whereof jews was overcome, & constrained to flee the field. Henry recovered the town of Lingnes. Anno. 20. date 1119 William Duke of Normandy and The king's children drowned in the sea. Richard the sons of king Henry of England, and Mary his daughter, Richard earl of Chester, with his wife, the kings niece, and other to the number of▪ 160. persons passing from Normandy into England, by oversight of the ship master were drowned, saving one butcher, which escaped the danger. Anno. 24. date 1123 IN this year the abbey of Reading Reading, abbey, Cisseter Windsor & Woodstock builded. was begun to be builded by king Henry the first: he also builded Cisseter windsor, and Woodstoke with the park. Anno. 17. date 1126 The grey friars came now first into The grey frierst first came into England. England, and had their first house at Cantorbury. Maude the daughter of king Henry after the death of her▪ husband the Emperor, came into England to her father. Anno. 28. date 1127 THe order of saint john's Hospitals Templars, and other like began first at this time. Anno. 32. date IN this year began Fountains abbey. Fountain's abbey builded. Geffrey Plantagenet Earl of Angew married Maude the empress, daughter of king Henry: of which ii descended Henry the second which reigned after Stephen. About this time was builded the The priory of Norton & the abbey of Combre more built prioyre of Norton in the province of Chester, by one William, the son of Nichole. Also the abbey of Combremore in the same province was▪ builded about the same tyme. Robert Curthois died in prison, & was buried at Gloucester. Anno. 33. date 1132 HEnry king of England because he had none issue male, ordained that his daughter Maude, which had been Empress should succeed him in the kingdom. Anno. 36. date 1135 King Henry of England being in Henry the first took his death by a fall of his horse. Normandy, with a fall of his horse took his death, and was buried at Reading: when he had reigned. 35. years four months, and one day. King Stephen. Anno Regni i STephen Earl of Boloyn, the son of the earl of Bloys and Adela, William Conquerors daughter, & nephew to king Henry the first took on him the governance of this realm of England the second day of December, in the year of our lord. 1135, and left the same the x●v. day of October, in the year of our lord. 1154 so that he reigned xviij. years ten months, & xxiv. days. Although he had continual war, yet did he never burden his commons with exactions. He seemed in this blame worthy, that contrary to his oath made to Maude the daughter of Henry, he was thought unjustly to take on him the crown. For which cause he was vexed with wars all the time of his reign. At this time was great trouble and slaugher in England: for so much as divers of the nobles maintained Maud the empress against Stephen, which was in possession of the crown. King Stephen made wars against David of scotland, because he refused to do him his homage, for Northumberland, & huntingdon, which he held by his wife. In this war the Earl of Gloucester was taken. But at the length Stephen made peace, and agreed with David king of Scots, and received of him homage, after that he had won from him certain towns and castles, and gave to Henry the son of David, the earldom of Huntingdon. Anno. 2. date STephen passed over into Normandy against Eeffrey earl of Ange we the husband of Maude the empress, which was right heir to the crown, & when he had quieted the province, he made E●st●ce his son duke of Normandy, and joined friendship and league with Lewes' king of France. Anno. 4▪ date David king of Scots in most cruel wise invaded Northumberland where by mean of Thurston bishop of York, the Scots had an overthrow & slain in great number, and David was constrained to give his son henry in hostage for surety of peace. Anno. 6. date MAude the Empress came into this land out of Normandy, by aid of King Stephen taken prisoner. Robert earl of Gloucester, & ranulph of Chester, made strong war upon king Stephen. In the●d whereof the kings party had the worse, and himself taken prisoner, and sent to Bristol. But the Kentishe men and Londoners, favouring the king, warred upon the rebels, and in open field took Robert earl of gloucester. But shortly after, both the king and the duke were delivered out of prison by exchange. And Stephen without delay assembling a strong army, in such wise pursued his enemies, that he forced Maude to forsake the Realm. This war continued a long time, to the great damage of the Realm. About this time was founded the abbey of Stratford Langthorn within Stratford abbey builded. iiij. miles of London, by a knight called sir William de mount Fichet. Anno. 10. date 1144 ABout this time the jews crucified a child upon Easter day at Norwyche in derision of Christ and his religion. Anno. 11. date 1145 GEffrey Plantagenet, the husband of Maude the Empress (who had long continued the wars against king Stephen of England) won from him the duchy of Normandye: and straight thereupon died: and his son Henry succeeded in the dukedom. Anno▪ 12. date STephen after long war and much trouble, was again crowned at Lincoln, but▪ Robert earl of Gloucester made new war upon him: in which he had the upper hand of the king at Lilton, so that the king was like to have fallen into Robert's danger: and escaped with much pain. Anno. 15. date 1149 THis year the river of Thames was A great frost. so strongly frozen, that horse and cart passed over upon the ye. Anno. 16. date 1150 THis year king Stephen brent the city of Norwiche. Anno. 17. date 1151 HEnry duke of Normandye in the quarrel of his mother Maude, with a great puissance arrived in England, and won the castle of Malmesbury, the tower of London, and the town of Nottingham, with other holds and castles, between him and king Stephen were fought many battles, whereby this realm was sore troubled. Anno. 18. date But at the last peace was agreed between Maude the empress, her son Henry, and king Stephen: upon this condition that Stephen during his life should hold the kingdom of England and Henry to be heir apparent. Anno. 19 date 1153 KIng Stephen builded the abbey of The abbeys of Cogshal furnaces, and Feu●●sham builded. Coggeshal, in Essex an other at furnaces in Lancashire, and the third at Feue●sham in Kente, where now his body resteth, and deceased the▪ xxv. day of October: in the year of our Lord. 1154. when he had reigned xviii years x▪ months and xxiiij days. King Henry the second. Anno regni. 1. date 1154 HEnry the second of that name the son of Geffrey Plantagenet, and Maude the empress daughter of king▪ Henry the first, began his reign over this realm of England, the xxv day of October in the year of our Lord. 1154. and deceased in the year of our Lord. 1189. the vi day of july, so that he reigned xxxiiij. years ix months, & xii days. Anno. 2. date 1155 King Henry cast down divers castles which were erected in the time of Stephen: He went into the north parts, and got from the Scots Cumberland and Northumberland, which▪ they said were given to them by Maude his mother, and set an order in that country. Anno. 3. date IN England were seen ii suns in the firmament: and in the Moon appeared a red cross. King Henry went into Wales, and Castle of Rutland & abbey of Basingwerk built quieted that country, and after builded the strong castle of Rutland, and founded the abbey of Basyngwerke. Anno. 4. date 1157 ABout this time came into England certain Germans, to the number of thirty. which taught the abrogation of the Sacraments of the altar, Baptism, and Wedlock. Anno. 6. date 1159 Jews king of France gave his daughter Margaret in marriage to Henry the son of king Henry of England. By reason whereof, was pacified the war between England and France, for the lands of P●ytowe, and others. Anno. 7. date 1160 KIng Henry went into scotland, and made war upon king William so that he took him, and made him yield the castle of Carlisle; the castle of Camburgh, with divers other, and received of him fealty and homage. Anno. 8. date 1161 THis year the city of Canterbury Great fire at Cantorbury. was fired by negligence, & a great part thereof brent. Anno. 10. date 1161 THomas Becket bishop of Canterbury fled to Rome to complain upon the king to the bishop. Anno. 14. date 1167 KIng Henry caused Henry his eldest R. Henris so crowned his father being alive son to be crowned king as he thought to the great quietness aswell of himself as of the realm: but as it proved, to the utter disturbance of them both. Anno. 17. date 1170 THomas Becket by the mediation of Alexander bishop of Rome, and jews the French king, was restored to his bishopric: and not long after by certain gentlemen, he was slain at Cantorbury. Anno. 18 date 1171 KIng Henry sent Ambassade to Alexander bishop of Rome to purge himself of the death of Thomas Becker. Among other things it was enjoined him in his penance, that it should be lawful to his subjects as often as then listed to appeal to the see of Rome, & that no man should be accounted as king until such time as he were confirmed by the Roman bishop. Anno. 19 date THomas Becket was canonized by the bishop of Rome. Anno. 21 date 1174 HEnry the son of king Henry of The king's son the second time crowned. England was crowned the second time with his▪ wife Margaret, the french kings daughter. Anno. 22. date 1175 KIng Henry the son by the setting henry the son of king Henry rebelled against his father. on of the king of France, Elanour his mother, and certain other nobles, took arms, & r●i●ed deadly war against his natural father. divers strong battles were fought as well in England by the deputies & friends of both parties, as also in Normandy, Poytow Guienne, & britain: where they were corporally present: but the victory fell always to the father. There took party against king Henry the father, Lewis king of France, William king of scotland, Henry, Geffrey, & john his own sons: Robert Earl of Leicester, Hugh of Chester, and other. But in the end the sons with their allies were constrained to yield to their father, and desire peace, which he gently granted and forgave their trespass. Anno. 24. date 1177 IN England fell grent wethering and tempest of thunder & lightning in the mids of winter: and in Summer following ●ell hail of such greatness that it slew both man and beast. Anno. 26. date 1179 AT this time were many jews in England, which against the feast of Easter did use to sacrifice young children in despite of christian religion. Anno. 28. date 1181 Henry the eldest son of Henry of England ended his life. Shortly after began the war between king Henry and Philip of France for homage that the French king required to be done for the lands of Poytow, and other, for the castle of Gysours. Anno. 29. date 1182 RObert Harding a bourgis of ●rystrow S. jousts at bristol builded. to whom king Henry gave the Garonye of Ge●klaye, butlded the abbey of S. Austen at Bristol. Anno. 31. date 1184 HEraclius Patriarch of jerusalem, which had been in divers parts of Europe came to king Henry, desiring him of aid against the Turks, but was denied thereof. Anno. 32. date 1185 At Bury the jews crucified a child in despite of Christ's passion. Anno. 34. date 1187 richard Earl of Poytowe made war against king Henry his father, and taking part with the French king in process of time won from him divers cities, towns, and castles, and namely the city, of Cenomannia. For sorrow whereof at the length, that is to say, on the vi day of july, in the year of our Lord. 1189. king Henry ended his life, when he had reigned. 34. years 9 months, and. 12. days: he was buried at Founteverard. King Richard the first called Cueur delion. Anno regni. ●. date 1189 RIcharde the first of that The first bailiffs in London. name, for his valiantness surnamed Cueurdelion, being the second son of Henry the second, was crowned King of England. He began his reign the vi day of july, in the year of our Lord .1189. and he deceased, the year of our Lord 1199. the vi. day of April: so that he reigned ix years and ix months. THe first year of his reign, the citizens of London obtained two officers to guide their City, which were called Bailiffs, whose names shall follow here under. Anno regni. ●. bailiffs. date 1189 Henry Cornhyll Richard Reine●y IN this year the jews were very brag here in this realm, for that their number jew ●slain in england. was so great. But the common people, especially about London, fell upon them, and despoiled them without pity or mercy, they so hated them for their usury, and other evil conditions. THis year the king set at liberty Elinor Elinor released out of prison. his mother, which long before at the commandment of his father her husband, had been kept close prisoner. But after her enlargement, the realm was much governed by her. KIng Richard gave over the Castles of Berwick and Rokesburge to the Scottish King, for the sum of x. ● li He also sold to the bishop of Durham his own province, for a great piece of money, and created him earl of the same. Wherefore the king said after in game: I am a wondrous craftsman, I have made a new earl of an old bishop. He gave his brother john many dignities, as the provinces of Nottingham, De●o●shyre and Cornwall, and created him earl of Lancaster. Anno reg. 2▪ Batliffes' date 1190 john Herlyon Roger Duke. IN this year king Richard betook the guiding of this land to the bishop of Ely then being Chancellor of England, and sailed into Normandy: and when he had appointed good governors over that country, he went to meet the french king: and having made sure league one with an other, went either of them onward of their journey toward jerusalem. This time the jews in divers jews' in England rob. and many slew themselves. places of this Realm, as at Lincoln Stamforde, and Lynne, were rob and spoiled. And at York to the number of four hundred▪ & more, had the●r master veins cut, & so bled to death. Anno reg. 3. bailiffs. date 1191 William Haver shall John Bukmotte KIng Richard in his journey to waedes jerusalem, subdued the Earl of King Richard went to jerusalé and his brother rebelled. Cyprus, and then joining his puissance with the French kings in Asia, conquered Acon, where there grew between king Richard and Philip the French king a grievous displeasure. john the brother of king Richard took on him the kingdom of England in his brother's absence. King Richard restored to the Christians the city of joppa, and in many battles put the Turk to great sorrow. Anno. 4. Bailiffs Nicolas Duke Peter Newlay date 1192 King Richard exchanged Cypress, with guy▪ of Lesyngham for the kingdom of jerusalem, Wherefore the king of England a long time after was called king of jerusalem. An. reg. 5. Bailiffs. Roger Duke date 1193 Richard Fitz Alyn King Richard having knowledge that Philip of France invaded Normandy, and that john his brother had made himself king of England, made peace with the Turks for iii▪ years, and with a small company returning King Richard taken prisoner. home ward by Thrace, was taken prisoner by the Duke of Ostriches men, and brought to Henry the Emperor, and there kept in straight prison, a year and .v. months. Where it is said that he slew a Lion, and took out his heart. Anno reg. 6. date 1194 Bailiffs William Fitz Isabella William Fitz Arnold john the kings brother by the setting on of the French king made great war within the land, & took by strength the castles of Windsor, of Nottingham, & others. And the French king made strong war in Normandy. date 1195 Anno. reg. 7. Bailiffs. Robert Beysavi Io●e le joshua Hubert bishop of Salisbury was by king Richard sent into England to have the guiding thereof, and also to treat with the lords & commons for the king's deliverance. The said Hubert was by the monks of Christ's church in Cantorbury chosen archbishop. Anno. reg. 8▪ date 1196 Bailiffs Gerrad de Anteloche Robert Durant THis year king Richard was delivered Great ransume paid for the king. out of prison for the sum of one. C. M. pounds of sterling money, for payment of which ransom all that will of white monks & canons was sold and rings & crosses of prelate's, with vessels & chalices of all churches through the land, and xvii shrines were ap●d and spoiled of the gold and silver. etc. King Richard being thus delivered shortly after landed at Sandwich, & so came to London: where when he had arrested him: with a certain number of knights: he road to Nottingham, and won the castle: & after that the castle of Tikhill, he deposed his brother john, Richard again cronned at Winchester. & crowned himself again king of England in the city of Winchester, & then he called a parliament, where he called again into his hands all such things as he had either given or sold by patents, or otherwise: wy which means he gathered a sum of money and sailed into France, where shortly a peace was concluded between the two kings for one year. Then john which had taken part against his brother, made means to Elinor his mother, by whose mediation he was reconciled. In this time one William with the William with the long beard long beard, moved the common people to se●e liberty and freedom, & not to be subject to the rich and mighty. By which means he drew to him many great companies, and with all his power defended their cause against the rich. The king being warned of this tumult, commanded him to cease from those attempts. But the people s●il followed him as they before had done: and he made to them certain orations openly, taking for his Theme this sentence Haurietis aquas in gaudio de fontibus salvatoris, Which is to say: Ye shall draw in joy, waters forth of the wells of your Saviour. And to this he added: I am (said he) the saviour of poor men: ye be poor, and have assayed long the hard hands of the rich men. Now draw ye therefore wholesome water forth of my wells, and that with joy. For the time of your visitation is com●n. This William was taken in Bow church in Cheap, but not without shedding of blood for he was forced by fire & smoke to forsake the church. And he with ix of his adherents were hanged. date 1197 Anno reg. 9 Bailiffs. Roger Blunt Nicholas Ducket This year the war was renewed between King Richard of England, and Philip of France, in which either of them ●ped diversly. An. reg. 10 bailiffs. date 1198 Constantine Fitz Arnold Robert le Beau. King Richard of England besieged the castle of Galiarde, and was wounded King Richard wounded to death. with a quarrel that was shot from the wall, and thereof died the vi day of Apryll, in the year of our Lord. 1199. when he had reigned ix years, and ix months. His body was buried at Founteverard, his bowels at Carlisle, his heart at Rouen. King john. Anno Regni. ●. date 1199 IOhn, brother to Richard afore named, began his reign over this realm of England the vi day of April, in the year of our lord. 1199. and deceased in the year. 1216. the xix day of October: He reigned xvii years vi months, and xiii days. Of person he was indifferent. But of melancholy and angrey complexion. An. reg 1. bailifies. Arnold bitz Arnold date 1199 Richard Fitz bartilmewe Philip king of France (in the quarrel of Arthur duke of Britain, whom certain of the Lords had named king of England) made war upon king john, invaded Normandy, and took from him divers castles and towns. three s. of every plough land. King john hearing thereof, assembled a counsel, wherein was granted to him iii. s. of every plough land through England, beside the subsidy of the spiritual lands: he sailed into Normandy, where he spent the time to his loss and dishonour. But about Michaelmas a truce was concluded between the two kings of England and of France. king john divorced This year was a divorce between king john & his wife, the earl of glocester's daughter, because of nearness of blood: and after he was married to Isabel, the daughter of the Earl of Engolcsym in France: by whom he had. i● sons, Henry and Richard, and iii daughters, Isabel, Elinor, and jane. date 1200 An re. 2. bailiffs Roger. Dorset james bactilmew aldorm● In this second year Raynulphe earl of Chester, by th'example afore showed by king john, lefre his own wife named Constance, which he before had married, and wedded one Clemens. One Chronicle saith he did so to have issue: but he there with displeased God so much▪ that he would suffer him to have none issue, but died without. An. reg. 3 Bailiffs. Walter. Fitz Alice date 1201 Simon de aldermambury THis year in yorkshire were seen. v Moons, one in the east, an other in ●●ue moans in the firmament. the West, the third in the north, the fourth in the south, and the fifth in the mids of the other: and went compassing the other vi t●nes, as it were the space of an hour, and vanished away soon after. In this yore were chosen xxv of the most substantial and wisest men of the xxv. governors of the city. City of Lond●, to maintain and keep the Assizes of the same City, of the which yearly the bailiffs were chosen: and after the Mayor and Sheriffs were taken of the same number. An. reg. 4. date 1202 Bailiffs. Gyot tempest. Normand blundel john de Ely. THis year fell exceeding lightning, thunders, & other storms of wind and rain with hail of the bigness of hens eggs: which perished fruit & corn houses, and young cattle. Also spirits were seen in the air, in likeness of fowls bearing fire in their bills, which set fire on divers houses. Philip of France continually made war upon the Duchy of Normandy, till at the last he subdued the same with the provinces of Guienne, Poitiers, & Britain, which before pertained to the crown of England. King john sailing into Normandy warred on the borders of France, but of his victories is little written. Anno. 5. date 1203 Bailiffs. Walter Browne William Chamberlain Dearth of wheat. This year by means of evil weather, in the year passed, wheat was sold for xu s. a quarter, which was thought an extreme price. King john married his bastard daughter to Lewlyn prince of Wales, and gave with her the castle and lord ship of Elyngsmore, being in the marches of South-Wales. The bishop of Rome wrote to king john, gently requiring him to admit Stephen Langton into the bishopric of Cantorbury, and the monks by him expelled from their owns abbey, to restore them again to the same: but the more his lords advised him so to do, the more was he bent to the contrary. In so much that they returned without obtaining their request▪ Anno Reg. 6. bailiffs. Thomas Hauerill date Hamond Bronde The bishop of Rome deno●●●●ed king john with his whole realm▪ accursed, England interdicted because he would not admit Stephen Langton to the bishopric of Cantorbury: but he little regarded his threatenings, and would not obey him. At this time in Suffolk a fish was taken like to a man, & was kept living A 〈◊〉 fish was taken vi. months upon the land with raw flesh and fish: and after when they saw they could have no speech thereof, they cast it again into the sea. Anno re. 7. Bailiffs. john Walgra●e date Richard de Winchester King Philip of France subdued the normandy ●ost. country of Normandy▪ which since the time of Charles the simple (that is to say) the space of. 300. years) was ●ot in the possession of the kings of France. Anno re. 8 Bailiffs. john Holylande date 1206 edmond's fitz Gerrard About this time the Irishmen and Wales and Ireland re●elled. shortly after the Welshemen rebelled, for that he levied on them such grievous tasks to war against France● so that the King was fain to raise a great tax throughout this Realm of England to withstand their force. He required of the white monks six thousand mark: but they refused the payment of so great a sum, so that the king took great displeasure against them: by reason whereof after his return out of Ireland, he exacted of them more than before he had desired: where by he caused some abbots to forsake their houses. Anno Reg. 9 Bailiffs. date Roger Winchester Edmond Hardell King john sailed into Normandy: where after certain skirmishes, he made peace with king Philip of France for ii years. This year was granted to the Citisons of London by the Kings Letter's patents, that they should yearly First ma●●●● of London choose to themselves, a Mayre and ii Sheri●●es, on S. Mathewes or michaelmas day, whose names were as followeth. Anno Reg▪ 10. mayor Henry ●●tz Alwyn S date Peter ●uke Tho▪ Nele This year London bridge was begun to be builded of stone: The original whereof, was as followeth. first being no bridge but a Ferry, the Ferryman and his wife deceasing, left the same to their daughter, a maiden named Mary Audery: who with the goods left to her by her parents, builded an house of sisters, which is the uppermost end of S. Mary Auderis church, unto the which house she gave the oversight and profit of the same ferry but afterward the same house of sisters was converted unto a college of priests: who builded the bridge of timber, and from time to time kept the same in reparations: but considering the great charges in repairing the same, in the year of our Lord. 1209. by the great aid of the citizens of London and other, they begun to build the same of stone, and then the abovesaid college of priests was converted unto a priory of canons, bearing still the name of the maiden, which kept the ferry: and so called S. Marry Auderie. Anno. 11. M Henry fitz Alwyne S Peter le joshua William Blound The englishmen which were sent by king john to aid the earl of Flanders chased the frenchmen: and in the haven of Sluice compassed and took their whole navy of ships, which was in number. 1020. sail. M Henry fitz Alwyne S date 1210 Adam Whetley Stephen le graze This year Pandolph a legate came from A legate from Rome the bishop of Rome monishing the king in sharp manner, that he should restore master Stephen Langton to his see of Cantorbury, and the monks unto their abbey. The king calling to mind the dangers he was wrapped in, both in his own realm, and also in Normandy, The King sworn to be obedient to Rome. made promise by oath, to be obedient to the court of Rome. At that time were granted the Peter pence. Anno reg. 13. M Henry fitz Alwyn S date john fitz Pet john Garlonde THis year Stephen Langton archbishop of Cantorbury with the other exiles landed in England: the king receiving them joyously, & was there assoiled of the said bishop: and after that▪ the king making restitution to the bishop and other, according to the third article of his oath, the land was released of the interdiction: the the king making restitution to the bishop and other, according to the third The land released of the Interdiction. article of his oath, the land was released of the interdiction: the King being bounden, that as well he as his heirs should ever after be fenders to the sea of Rome, paying yearly tribute a thousand marks, and to hold the Title of the Crown by the bishop of Rome. Anno. 14. M date 1212 Henry fitz Alwyn S Randolph Eiland Constantin joshua This year fell great dissension between Dissension between the King and his Lords the king and his lords, partly for that he would not maintain the laws of king Edward, partly for the displeasure he bore unto them: for that they aided him not against the bishop of Rome, so that a greatnumbre of people were raised on both parties: The Earl of Chester with the other lords took the City of London, and held them there. Other say, that a great part of this variance between King john and his barons, was forbecause the King would have exiled the Earl of Chester, who oftentimes had advised the king to leave his cruelness, and his accustomed adultery, which he exercised with his brother's wife, and others. But by means of the Archebyshep of Cantorbury, and other prelatez, a peace was taken for a while. This year on the xi day of july, a Great fire in Southwark and London. great part▪ of Southwark was brent: and in the month of August next following, was much harm done in London by fire. The king and his lords met with A Charter to the Barons. great strength on either party upon Baramdowne: where a charter or writing was made and sealed by the king: so that the Barony was with it contented, and departed in peace every man into his country. Anno. 15. M Roger fitz Alwyne S Martin fitz alis date 1213 Peter Bate The peace which in the last year was agreed between king john & his barons was this year by the King biolated and broken. Wherefore the lords assembled to them great powers, and made cruel war upon the king: in so much that he was constrained to send into Normandy for aid. Then came into England, a Normane knight, named Foukis de Brent, which brought with him a company of Normans, Fleming and Picards. He and his company were so cruel, that they destrosed as well religious houses ●s other, and did much harm to the land, putting the lords to the worse, the king made Foukes and other of his company, wardens of castles and strong holds in England. The lords saying the king, persever in his wrong, and that he would in no wise be induced to hold his own grants, but to do all things after pleasure and nothing after law or justice, cast in their minds how they might bring the realm in a better rule, and by one consent wrote to Philip king of France that he would send some noble man into England, and they would yield the land unto him. This year king john caused to he drawn and hanged at Warham, one Piers of Pomfret & his son executed. Peers of Pomfret, and his son, for speaking of divers things against the King. Anno reg. 16. M date 1214 Roger fitz Alwyn S Solomon basin Hugh basin King john laying siege to the castle of Rochester, wan the same, and K. john besieged the castle of Rochester. took therein certain gentlemen, and sent them to divers prisons, placing strangers in the same Castle. The barons held them together at London, abiding the coming of jews son to the French king, which landed in England with a great army, and so came to Rochester, and wan it with small pain: he caused all the strangers therein to be hanged: and after came to London, where certain alliances and covenants were established and concluded between the lords and him, and received of them homage. Then he with the Lords departed from London, and got the castle of Rigate, of Gilforde, and of Fernham, and from thence to Wynchester, where the City was yielded, with all other holds in those parties: and then he with the lords came again to London. At whose coming, the tower of London was delivered to them, they slew all strangers that had been placed by the King in any place. King john being thus overset with his lords sent messengers to the bishop of Rome, showing to him the rebellion of his lords, and how they laboured his destruction. Wherefore the bishop of A Legate from Rome. Rome with all haste sent a Legate into England, called Swalo: The which after his coming, commanded jews to return into France, and laboured boured to the uttermost of his power▪ to appease the King and his haronye: but all his labour was in▪ vain. Anno reg. 17. date 1215 W William Hardel S john Cravers Andrew Newland This year king▪ john died▪ of the the flux (as is recorded in Policronicon) at the town of Newarke: he was bowelled in the abbey of Croghton, and buried at Worcester. It is written that he builded the abbey The abbey of black monks in Winchester of Bewley, in the new forest, in recompense of the parish Churches, which he there overturned, to enlarge the forest, and an abbey of Black monks in the city of Winchester. He deceased in the year of our Lord. 1216. the xix of October, when he had reigned. 17. years vi months, and. 13. days. ¶ Henry the third. Anno Regni i date 1216 HEnry the son of john, of the age of nine years, was proclaimed King of England, who began his▪ reign the xix day of October, in the year of our Lord. 1216. and deceased in the year. 1272. thy vi day of November. So he reigued lvi years, and xxviij days. The noble mou with their retinue kept sharp war with Lewes' th● french kings son, who by the conenants made before with the English men, claimed the crown. But after certain s●icmishes and battles, Lewis Henry crowned at Gloucester. began to desire peace, which was concluded, and Henry was crowned at Gloucester. Anuo. 1. W jacob Alderman S Benet Coventrie date 1216 Wil Gluntivers Small the Legat accursed Lewis the french kings son. He accursed Lewlyn prince of Wales, & interdicted his land. At the last, Lewis took a. W. marks (or as some authors affirin xu W. marks) of money, & departed this realm. Anno. 2. W Serle merrer S Tho. bokerel date 1217 Ra●e Holyland WHen the land was delivered from strangers, inquisitions were made to know what persons assisted Lewas against the king: of which the king pardoned many of the lay men: But the spiritual men were put to such synes, that they were compelled to lay● all that they had to pledge. And also to sue to Rome to be assoiled. Raynolffe Earl of Chester, took his journey to the holy land. Anno. 3. date 1218 W Serle Mercer S john Wail josenus Spicer A parliament was holden at London, two. ●. of every plough land. by virtue whereof was granted to the king ii s. of every plough land through England. This year king Henry began to build the new work of the ●●●●rche Westminster abbey. of westminster. Anno. 4. date 1219 W Serle mercer S Rich. Wimbeldey john Wail Alexander King of Scots married the lady jane sister of King Henry. This year was great harm done Spirits & fiery dragons in England by violence of whirl winds and fiery dragons and spirits we seen flying in the air. This year was a proclamation made that all strangers should avoid the realm, except such as came with merchandise, and to make sale of them under the kings safe conduct, which was done to avoid Foukes de Brent, and his complices, who kept the. castle of Bedford against the King. This year was king Henry secondly Henry crowned the second tyme. The castles of Chartley Beston, & the abbeys of Delacresse built crowned at Westminster. date 1220 This year Rainolph earl of Chester came out of the holy land into England, and began to build the castles of; Chartley and of Beston, and after build the abbey of Delacresse. Anno. 5. W Serle mercer S Richard Renger josence le joshua THis year was a counsel holden at Oxenford of the bishops of England wherein one was condemned, which taught that he was jesus Christ, and to confirm the same. he showed the tokens of wounds in his hands body and feet: He was therefore crucified on a Cross at Alburbury, till he died. Anno. 6. W Settle mercer S Richard Renger date 1222 josens joshua A conspiracy was made against king Henry by one Constantine in the city of London: for the which he was drawn hanged and quartered, the morrow Execution after our Lady day assumption. Which conspiracy so moved the King, that he was in mind to have cast down▪ the walls of the city. Anno. 7. W date 1222 Serle mercer S Richard Renger Thomas Lambert This year john king of Jerusalem came into England, and required aid of king Henry to win again Jerusalem▪ but he returned again with small comfort. This year the King began the foundation Salisbury builded. of Salisbury minster. Anno. 8. M date 1223 Richard Renger S William joiner Tho. Lambert This year the Lords and gentlemen The first grant of wards to the king. of England first granted to king Henry and his heirs, the ward and marriage of their heirs, which was then by learned men, called the beginning of evils. Anno. 9 M date 1224 Richard Renger S john Travers Andrew Bokerel Richard the brother of king Henry overcame the frenchmen, recovered Poitiers, and kept the Gascoynes in due▪ obedience. Anno. 10. M date 1225 richard Renge● S Roger Duke Martin fitz William This year the pleas of the crown were pleaded in the Tower of London. Lewis king of France won certain castles in the country of Poitiers: & shortly after spoiled the city of An●owe. Anno. 11. M richard Renger S date 1226 Stephen bokerel Henry Cobham In this year was granted by king Henry of the Sheriffs of the City of Shiriffewike of London & Middlesex. Free▪ warren. London, the sheriffewike of London & Middlesex for the sum of, CCC. pound by the year. It was also granted to the city free warren, that is to say, free liberty to hunt a certain circuit about the city. It was also granted, that the ce●isens of London should pass toll free through Toll free. out all England●and also granted by the king, that all weirs in the Thames should be plucked up, and destroyed for ever. Anno. 12. M Roger Duke S Stephen Buckerel date 1227 Henry Cobham The liberties of the City were this year confirmed, and to each of the sheriffs The cities liberties ratified. was granted to have ii clerks and two officers, without any more. Anno. 13. M date 1228 Roger Duke S Walter Winchester Robert fitz john King Henry sailed with an army in to Britain against jews king of France: where after spoiling the country, a peace was concluded between the ii young princes. Anno. 14. M date 1229 Roger Duke S Richar. Fitz William john Wobborne This year was ordained by the Ma●or and rulers of the City of London, that No sheriff in London past one year. ●o sheriff of that city should continue longer/ in office then one year, because that they should not by long continuance of office become covetous bribers Anno. 15. M date 1230 Roger Duke S Michael of Saint Cleve Walter Guff●ide This year was much harm done Great fire in London in London by fire, which began in the house of a widow named dame jane Lambert. Anno. 16. M Anbrewe Bokerel S Henry Edmonton Gerrarde Bate Variance grew between King Henry and his lords, because he put from War between the king & his lords. his service Englishmen, and trusted strangers as well in his counsel as other officers near about him. Anno. 17. M Andrew Bockerel. S date 1232 Simon Fitzmare. Roger Blunt. IN this year the king began the foundation of the hospital of saint john, S. john's without Oxenford begun. without the east gate of Oxenford. In which year also fell▪ wonderful sore wether, with such thunder & lightning that the like had not been seen. And there followed an earthquake, to the great fear Great tempests. of the inhabitants of Huntingdon, and near thereabout. Anno. 18. M Andrew bokerel. S. date 1233 Ra●e Ashewy john Norman. THis year the king put from him the strangers, and restored the English men to their offices. The jews dwelling in Nor which were accused for stealing of a child, whom they purposed to have crucified. Fredrike the Emperor married Isabel sister of the king of England. Anno. 19 M date 1234 Andrew Bokerel S Gerrard Batte Robert Ardell King Henry married Elinor the daughter of the earl of Provence. There appeared as it were hosts of men fighting in the element. The statute of Merton was first enacted The statute of Merton at the parliament of Merton. Anno. 20. M date 1235 Andrew Bokerel S Henry Cobham Jorden Coventry Queen Elinor founded the hospital of Saint Katherine's besides the tower S. Katherine's by the ●ouer un●lt of London for the relief of poor women. date 1236 Anno. 21 M Andrew Bokerel S John Thesalan Garard cord waver Octobo●ea, ablegate came into England & ordained good ordinances for the church But not all to the pleasure of the young clergy of England. Wherefore as he one day passed thorough Oxenford, the scholars sought occasion against his servants, and fought with them, and ●●ue one of the same, and put the legate in such fear, that he for his safeguard took the belfray of O●ney, and there held him till the kings officers coming from Abingdom, delivered him, and conveyed him to Wallingford. Sir Simon Mountford married the king's sister, named Elinor, countess of Pembroke. Anno. 22. M Richard Renger S date 1237 John Wilhall John Gondresse A clerk of Oxenford (or more verily King Henry like to have been slain. a soldier) feigning himself mad: enterprised to have slain King Henry in his chamber at Wodstocke: but he was taken and put to death at Coventry. This year was borne Edward the kings son called Longshanks. Anno. 23. M William joiner S date 1238 Reimund Bingley Ralph Ashewy This year on Candelmas day the king created sir Simon de Mountford Earl of Leycester. Anno. 24. M Gerrard Batte S date 1239 John Gysors Michael Tony The King subdued the Welshemen which oftentimes rebelled. An. 25. M Reymond Byngley. S date 1240 John Doile Tho. Duresyne This year were aldermen first chosen The first aldermen in London in London, which them had the rule of the wards of the city, but were every year changed, as the sheriffs are now. Anno. 26. M date 1241 Reymond Bingley S John Fitz John Ralph Ashewy KIng Henry sailed into Normandy with a fair company, purposing to recover Poyteirs, Guian, & other countries: but after many bickerings, some what to the loss of Englishmen, Henry treated a peace. Anno. 27. M date 1242 Ralph Ashewy S Hugh Blunt Adam Basing THis year the pleas of the crown, were pleaded in the tower of London And in this year Griffeth which Griffeth of wales broke his neck was son of Lewlyn, lately prince of Wales, intending to have broken prison fell over the inner ward of the Tower of London, and broke his neck. Anno. 28. M date 1243 Michael Tony S Ralph Spicer Nicolas bat THis year Michael Tony Maior, and Nicolas Batte Sheriff were both convict of perjury, by the oath of all the Aldermen. Because Nicholas Batte had been shrive over one year, and for the same they were both deposed, and other were in their places. Anno. 29. M John Gysors S Robert Cornhill date 1244 Adam Bewlay RObert Grosthed bishop of Lincoln with other prelate's complained to the King, of the waist of the goods and patrimony of the church, which daily was wasted by the alien bishops, & clerks of this land, who shortly were avoided. Anno. 30. date 1245 M John Gysors S Simon fitz mary Laurence Frowike The labbey of Hails builded. This Richard the kings brother builded the abbey of Hails. Anno. 31. M Piers aleyn S John Doile date 1246 Nicolas Batte IN this year was a mighty earthquake in England, that the like to it, was An earthquake. not seen many years before. This year the king seized the franchise The king seized the franchises of the city ● of London. Coin changed. of the city of London for a judgement▪ that was given by the Mayor and aldermen against a widow, named Margaret Diel: but shortly the▪ Maior and sheriffs were again restored to their offices: and this year was a new coin, and the old called in. Anno. 32. M Michael Tony S Nicolas Joy date 1247 Geffrey winton This year the wharf of queens hive in London was taken to farm by the Commonalty of London, to pay yearly fifty pound for the same. Anno. 33. M date 1248 Roger fitz Roger S Ralph Hardell john Tosalan This year died Robert Grossehed a famous clerk and bishop of Lincoln, who compiled many famous books, which remain to this day in the latin and the french tongue: the names whereof are partly declared by master Bale in his story of English writers. Anno. 34. M date 1249 john Norman S Humphrey Basse William fitz Ric▪ This year was a great wind upon A great wind the day of Simon and Jude, which did much harm in many places of England. Anno. 35. M date 1250 Adam Basing S Laurence frowike Nicolas bat The friar Augustins began to build or inhabit in wales, at Woodhous. King Henry married his daughter Mary to Alexander king of Scots, & received of him homage for the realm of scotland. Anno. 36. date 1251 M john Toleson S The mayor of London sworn in thex chequer. William Durham Tho. Wimborn This year was granted by the king, that where before this time the citizens of London, did present their Mayor before the king wheresoever he were, and, so to be admitted, now he should come only before the Barons of the exchequer, and they should admit him, and give him his oath. Anno, 37. date 1253 M Nicolas Batte S Many villages in England drowned. john Northampton Richard Picard This year in the month of january the sea rose in such height that it drowned many villages & houses near unto it in divers places of England. This year also the Thames sprang so high, that it drowned many houses about the water side. And this year was granted of the king that no citizen of London should pay savage or tolle for any beasts by them brought as the● before time had used. Anno. 38. date M Ri. Hardel Dra. S The liberties of London seized. Ro. Belington Ralph Ashewy This year also the liberties of London were again seized by the mean of Richard earl of Cornwalle, because the Mayor was charged, that he looked not to the bakers for their syses of bread: so that the city was forced to please the Earl with. 600. marks or they were restored again. Alphonce king of castle gave Elinor his daughter in marriage to prince Edward the son of king Henry, to whom his father gave the princedom of Wales, The king's eldest son prince of Wales. and governance of Guian and Ireland, whereof began that the kings of England ordained their eldest sons princes of Wales. Anno. 39 M date 1254 Richard Hardell draper S Stephen Oistergate Hen. Walmode THe king again seized the liberties The liberties of Lon●on seized. of the city for certain money which the queen claimed for her right of the citizens, so that they gave unto his grace 400. mark, and then were restored to their liberties again. The. 22. day of November, were brought to Westminster. 102. jews' from Lincoln, which were accused for crucifying Execution ●f the jews. of a child at Lincoln, they were sent to the tower of London: of these. 8. were hanged, and the other remained long in prison. Anno. 40. M Rich. Hardell draper date 1255 S Mat. Bokerel john Mynor THis year a peace was made between the citizens of London & the abbot of Waltham, who had been long in controversy for tol, that he demanded of the citizens that came to Waltham fair: but at the last the citizens were set free and bound to no toll. Anno. 41 M Richard Hardell Draper date 1256 S Rich. Ewyll William Ashewy. GReat variance was between the king & the Londoners, in so much that the The mayor of London divers Aldermen, & the sheriffs deprived. Mayor & divers aldermen & sheriffs, were deprived of their offices, and the governance of the city committed to certain persons of the kings appointing. The king for so much as he had oftentimes promised the restitution of certain ancient laws, but never performed the same, the lords murmuring against him, to appease their malice, he held a parliament at Oxenford, which The mad parliament was called the mad parliament, because many things were there enacted, which proved after to the confusion of the Realm, and death of many noble men. In confirmation of these acts were chosen xii piers, who altered and Twelve piers. changed many things, greetlye to the discontenting of the kings mind. Anno. 42. M date 1257 Rich. Hardell draper▪ S Th. fitz Rich. Ro. Cathelion This year Hugh Bigot justice, and Roger Turkeley, kept their courts in Bakers on the tumbril the Guildhall of London, and punished the Bakers upon the tombrell, where in times passed they were punished on the pillory, and they did many other things against the laws of the city. Richard the king's brother returned out of almain into England. Anno. 43. M date 1258 john Bisors' Peperer S john Adrian Ro. Cornhill King Henry fearing some rebellion of his nobles, went into France, and there concluded a peace: After which peace finished, the king returned into England, A jew at Tewksbury fell into a A jew ●rouned in a privy. privy upon the saturday, & would not for reverent of his Saboth day be plucked out. Richard of Clare ●ri● of Gloucester, hearing that the jew did so great reverence to his Saboth day, thought he would do as much to his holy day, which is sunday, and so kept him there till monday, at which season he was found dead. Anno. 44. M Willi● fitz Richard date 1259 S Adam brown Ri. Coventry In this year the king commanded a a ●olk mo●e at Paul's cross. general assembly or meeting at Paul's cross▪ whore the king in proper person commanded the Mayor that the next day after he should cause to be sworna Oath to the king. before his Aldermen every stripling of xii years of age and up ward, to be true unto the king & his heirs kings of England: and that the gates of the city should be kept with har●issed men. Anno. 45. M Wil Fitz Richard date 1260 S Io. Northampton Rich. Pickard King Henry published at Paul's cro● the bishops of Rome absolution for him and all his, that were sworn to maintain the articles made in the parliament at Oxford: for which cause the barons of England begun to utter their malice which they had long before conceived against the king, and caused an insurrection that continued three years. Richard earl of Gloucester deceased, & Gilbart de Clare was earl after him. Anno. 46. M date 1281 Th. Fitz Thomas S Phi. walbroke Rich. Tailor THis year was so great a frost that men A great frost The barons against the king. road on horse back over the thames: The barons of England armed them against their king, and all this year hovered about London & other places they rob and spoiled aliens and certain other persons, whom they knew to be against their purpose: specially they slew the jews in all places. Anno. 47. M date 1262 Thomas Fitz Thomas S Ro. Mountpiler Os●ern Bu●kessell. 500 jews were slain by the ciizans jews' slain. of London, because one jew would have forced a christian man to have paid more than ii d. for the usury of twenty ●. for a week Hugh le Spencer with the citizens of London, spoiled & brent the manors of Richard the kings brother, which hither to had b●n a great stay of the war between the king and his nobles. near to Lewis in Sussex, king Henry A bartell at Lewis. & his barons fought a cruel battei, in which the king himself with Richard his brother: sir Ed. his son. & other noble men to the number of. 25. were taken: and of the commons were slave about 20000. Anno. 48. M Tho. Fitz Thomas date S Tho. Lamford Edward blune Debate and variance fell between Simon Mountford earl of Leicester, and Gilbert de clare earl of Gloucester, chief capitains of the barons: which turned to their great evil. For prince Ed. being now set at liberty, allied him with the earl of Gloucester, & gathering to him a The battle of Euishan great power, warred so freshly upon Simon of Leicester, that at the end he and Hugh spencer with many others of the nobles, were slain in the battle at Euisham in Worcestershyre. The same year was holden a parliament A Parliament at winchester at Wynchester, where all the statutes made before Oxford, were disannulled & abrogate. And all writings made for the confirmation of the same, canceled. The city of London was in great London like to have been spoiled. danger to have been destroyed by the king for great ire and displeasure that he had conceived against it, because of the forenamed commotion: he gave unto prince Edward, the Mayor of London and▪ iiii. of the best Aldermen, with all their goods & lands, and put divers other of the most wealthy into divers prisons. Anno. 49. M date 1264 Tho. Fitz Thomas S Peter Armiger Greg. Rockesie The king came to Westminster, and shortly after he gaveunto divers of his The king gave divers citizens of London with all their lands and goods to his household servants. honshold servants, upon. 60. households & houses within the city, with all such lands & tenements, goods & cattles as the said citizens had in any other places of England, and then he made one Custos or Gacdein of the city, sir Othon Constable of the tower. And after this, the king took pledges of the best men's sons of the city, that his peace should be surely kept in the same, the which were put in the tower of London, and there kept at the cost of their parents. And shortly after, by great labour and suit made, all the foresaid persons which should be in the keeping of the bailiff of the castle of Windsor, eight only except, and all the other londoners. 31. in numbver, were delivered and came to London. daily suit was made unto the king, to have his grace and know his pleasure what fine he would have of the city for their transgressions by th● done, for the which the king asked xl M. pounds, and stuck at l M. marks, but the citizens alleged for themselves the unability of the city, as that many oftheyr citizens were fled: the rest at home were spoiled and rob of their goods. For which considerations and many other, the citizens besought the kings most gracious favour to take of them as they might bear. Such continual labour was made to the king, that lastly it was agreed for twenty M. marks, to be paid by the city, for all transgressions and offences by them done: certain persons excepted, which the king had geum his son, being in the tower of Windsor. Then for the levying of this fine, were taxed as well servants, covenant men, as householders. And many refused the liberties of the city for to be quite of the charge: of which number many never returned again. King Henry besieged the castle of Kenelworth castle besieged. Kenelworth, which Henry hastings defended against him the space of half a year, & then gave it up into his hands. Anno. 50. M William fitz Richard S date 1265 T●de la ford Gre. Rokesly THe old franchises and liberties of London with a new grant for the shire of Middelsex, were confirmed by A Parliament at Northampton. a parliament at Northampton. Where also many noble men that had taken part with the Barons, were disherited of their lands, and therefore fled to Ely, and strengthened it in such wise that they held it long after. Anno. 51. M date 1266 Alein Zowch S john Adrian Lucas Bitencote About the li year, was made the statutes of weights & measure, that is to The statute for weights and measures. say, that. 32. grains of Wheat dry and round & tak● in the mids of the ear, should way a sterling penny, & twenty of those pens should make an onnce, & xii ounces should make a pound troy, and. 8. pound troy should weigh a gallon of wine, and. 8 gallons of wine, should make a bushel of London, which is the. 8. part of a quarter. Also that three barley corns dry & round, should make an inch, and xii inches to a foot, and three foot to a yard, and five yards and a half to a perch or pole, & xl pole in length, & four in breadth to make an acre of lad, & thes standards of weight and measures, were confirmed in the xu year of Edward the third. And also in the time of Henry the sixth, and Edward the fourth, and lastly confirmed in the xi year of Henry the seventh. How be it in the time of king Henry the sixth, it was ordained that the same ounce should be divided The alteration of the coins, from iiii. pennies to xii. pence. into xxx parts called xxx pennies: and in king Edward the fourth his time into xl parts, called xl. pence. And in king Henry the eight his days into xliiii parts, called iii ● viii d. but the weight of the ounce troy, and the measure of the foot▪ was ordained ever to be at one stint. Anno. 52. M aleyn Souch S Thomas Basing date 1267 Rob. Cornhyll Glybert de Clare Eerle of Gloucester for unknown displeasure, allying himself with the exiled gentlemen & other nobles of England, rose against the king, and held the city of London, The King besieged London. building therein bulwarks, and cast ditches and trenches in divers places of the city and Southwark, and fortified it wondrously. The king lying at the abbey of Stratford, also assaulted the same city, more than a month: but by diligent labour upon his party, and by the Legate and the king of of Romans on that other party. Agreement was made between the king and him: In this mean time many robberies Four persons cast in the Thames were done wherefore four that bare cognisance of the Earl of Derby, were put in sacks, & cast in the Thames. Anno. 53. M date 1268 Aleyn Souch S William de Durham Walter Haruy Variance fell between the fellowships of goldesmythes and tailors of London, A great riot in London. which caused great ruffling in the city, and many men to be slain. For which ryo● xiii of the chief captains were arraigned, cast and hanged. Alein Execution Souch was discharged of his ma●oraltie by the king, and Stephen Edworth made constable of the tower, & Custos of the City. The disherited gentlemen were this year reconciled to the Kings favour. And the five citizens which had remained The mayor & four alder mē●elcased out of Win●or castle. prisoners in the tower of windsor, the which the king had given to his son Edward, when they had made their end with great sums of money were delivered. Anno. 54. M date 1269 Thomas fitz Thomas S Will. Hadstock Anketil de Aluerne The river of Thamis was so hard A great frost. frozen from the feast of S. Andrew to Candelmas, that men and beasts passed over on foot from Lambeth to Westminster. The merchandises was carried from Sandwiche, and other havens City of London given to prince Ed. unto London by land. The city of London with the revenues thereof was given to prince Edward. Anno. 55. M john Adrian bintener S date 1270 walter Potter john Tailor This year the liberties of London The steeple of Bow Church blown down. were newly confirmed. And this year the steeple of Bow church in Cheap fell down, and slew many people both men and women. And. 56. M Io. Adrian vintner S date 1271 Greg Rokes●e Henry waleis This year deceased Richard king of almain and earl of Cornwall, brother to the king, and was buried at hails In june began a great riot in the city A riot in▪ Norwiche. of Norwich, where through the monastery of the Trinity, was burned. And for that fact the king road down, and Execution made inquiry for the chief doers thereof: whereof thirty. young men were condemned, drawn, hanged and brent. This year were divers prodigies & strange tokens seen in divers places of England. Anno. 57 M date 1272 Sir walter Harui S Richard Paris john Bedill In the beginning of this year king Henry sickened: and he called before him sir Gilbert Clare earl of Gloucester, & caused him to be newly sworn to keep the peace of the land, to the behoof of Edward his son, and then died the xvi. day of November, in the year of our Lord. 1272. when he had reigned lvi. years and xviii days. He was buried at Westminster upon the south sided of saint Edward. He builded a great part of the same Church. King Edward the first▪ surnamed Longshank Anno Regni i date 1272 EDward the first, after the Conquest, surnamed Longshanke, began his Reign over this realm of England the xvi day of November, in the year 1272. and deceased the vii day of july, in the year. 1307. so he reigned xxxiiii years vii months, and twenty days. Anno. 1. M Sir Walter Haruy knight S john Horn date 1273 Walter Porter IN the end of this year, the king returned Strife for choosing the Mayor of London. into England. There was yet business about choosing of the Mayor: for divers would have made such a Mayor as they had liked. But for that time they were disappointed: which in the year following upon the same day took further effect. Anno. 2. M Henry ●alleys S date 1274 Nicholas Wynchester Henry Coventrie THe king of Scots did homage to king Edward for the kingdom of scotland. The king ordained certain new laws for the wealth of the realm, among the which was one: that bakers making bread lacking weight, assigned after the price of Corn, should first be punished by loss of their bread, and the second by imprisonment: and thirdly by the correction of the pillory. millers for stealing of corn to be chastised by the tumbril, and night walkers to be punished in the Ton in cornhill. And this to be put in execution, he gave authority to all majors, bailiffs & other officers through England, & specially to the mayor of London. Anno. 3. M date 1275 Gregory Rockesse S Lucas Batencourt henry Frowyke King Edward builded the castle of The castle of flint builded. flint, and strengthened the castle of Rutland, & other against the welshmen. Anno. 4. M date 1276 Gregory Rockessey S john Horn Ralph Blunt The statute of mortmain was enacted by king Edward. Aliening in mortmain. Michael Tony was hanged, drawn, and quartered for treason. Anno. 5. M date 1277 Gregory Rockesse S Rob. de Bracy Ralph Fenour King Edward gave unto David brother to Lewlyn prince of Wales, the lordship of Froddesham. Anno. 6. M date 1278 Gregory Rockesie S john Adrian Walter Langley Michaelmas term was this year kept Term kept Shrewsb. at Shrewesbury. Anno. 7. M Gregory Rockesse date 1279 S Robert Basing Wil Merser Reformation was made for clipping of the kings coin: for which offence Execution of jews. 297. jews' were put to execution. In this year began the foundation of the Church of the friar preachers or Black friars in London built. black Friars by Ludgate, and also Castle Baynard. The town of Boston was greatly impaired▪ with fire. Anno. 8. M Gregory Rockessey date 1280 S Thomas Box Ralph Moor This year was first coined halfepens Halfepen● & farthings and farthings of silver: where before, other coins of other metal ran among the people to their great loss and noyance. Anno. 9 M Gregory Rockessey date 1281 S Wil Faringdom Nicolas Wynchester David the brother of Lewlyn prince Rebellion in Wales. of Wales, unkindly▪ and traitorously moved his brother against king Edward. Anno. 10. M date 1282 Henry Waleys S William Mazerer Nicholas▪ Wynchester King Edward sent a company of soldiers into Wales, under guiding of the Earls of Northumberlande & Surrey: Of which company many were slain, and sir Roger Clifford taken prisoner. The Welshemen subdued certain▪ castles and holds, and of some towns thr●e down the walls. Anno. 11. M date 1283 Henry Waleys S Ralph Blunt Haukyn Betuel Lewlyn prince of Wales was slain Execution by sir Roger Mortymer: and his head set upon the Tower of London. William Marton Chancellor of England Marton college built about this time builded Marton college in the university of Oxenford. Anno. 12. M date 1284 Henry Waleis S Iorden goodchepe Martin Box David the brother of Lewlyn prince A parliament at Shrewesbury. of Wales was taken & beheaded. Prince Edward was borne in Wales, at the castle of Carnarvan, and a parliament was held at Shrewsbury. Laurence Ducket a citizen of London was found dead, and hanged with Laurence Ducket hanged. in saint Mary Bow church of Cheap: for the which were condemned eight men, which were drawn and hanged, and one woman brent. This year the great conduit standing The great cundite in Cheap builded. again saint Thomas of Acres in Cheap was first begun to be made. Anno. 13. M Gregory Rockessey date 1285 S Stephen Cornhill Robert Rockessey This year the liberties of the City Liberties of London seized. of London was again seized into the kings hands, and Stephen Sand which admitted for Custos, and the Mayor discharged, for taking bribes of the Bakers. The new work of the church of The new work of westminst church. Westminster unto the end of the quire begun in the third year of Henry the iij. and continued in building lxvi years before it was finished. Anno. 14. M Ralph Sandwich date 1286 S Walter Bl●nt john Wade This year were enacted by the King Parliament at Glocest. the Statutes called Additamenta Gloucestria. Anno. 15. W date 1287 sir john Bryton S Thomas Cross William Hautein King Edward sailed to Bnrdeaux and from thence road into France, where he was honourably received o● Philip le beau king of France. This year the summer was so exceeding A hot summer & great cheap of corn. hot, that many men died through● the extremity thereof. And yet wheat was so plenteous, that it was sold at London for iii ● four d. a quarter. Anno. 16. M date 1288 ●afe sandwich S William Herford Tho. stains Great hail fell in England, & after ensued so continual rain, that the year following, wheat was sold for. rvi. d. ● bushel: and so increased yearly the reign of this king and his son, till it was lastly sold for. x●. ●. a quarter. Anno 17. M date 1289 Ralph Sandwiche S William Betain john of Can●ee bury Rice ap Mer●ooke, a welsheman, rebelling against Payn Tip●o●t, warden Execution. of the country, was by the Earl of Cornwall in the king's absence, taken, drawn, hanged, & quartered at York. Anno. 18. M Ralph Sand wiche S date 1290 Fulke of S. Edmonde Solomon Langford This year king Edward returned into England. and was honourably ●eceyued of the citizens of London. Anno. 19 date 1291 M Ralph san● which S Tho. Roman Wo●staple at sandwich. jews' banished. William de Lyre This year the staple of will was ordained to be kept at Sandwiche. And this year the jews were banished the land: for the which cause the commons gave to the king a fifteen. Anno. 20. M Ralph sandwich S date 1292 Ralph Blunt Hamond Box This year died queen Elinor the kin●es w●●●●, & was buried at westminster in the chapel of saint Edward, at the seat of Henry the third. This year also died Elianour wife unto Henry the Queen Elinor dec●sed. third, & mother to this Edward, whose heart was buried at the grey friars in London, and her body at Ambresbury, in the house of Nuns. An●o. 21. M Ralph Sandwich S date 1293 Henry Ball Eli● russel This year iii men had their right hands smitten of in West cheap for rescuing a prisoner, arrested by an officer of the City of London. Anno. 22. M date 1294 Ralph Sandwiche S Roberte Rocke●leye Martin Aubreye The xviii day of May fell a wondrous snow, and therewith an exceeding wind. By violence whereof, great harm was done in sundry places of England, as overthrowing houses Great tempest. and trees. etc. Anno. 23. M date 1295 Sir john Briton S Henry Box Richard Gloucester MAdocke with the Welshemen rebelled against the king, wherefore he▪ in all▪ haste made against them, and overcame them: This year the frenchmen arrived ●ouer spo●●d by frenhemen. at Dover, and spoiled the town, and brent a part of it, in which skirmish was slain one Thomas of Dover. Anno. 24. M date 1296 Sy● john Bryton S john Dunstable Adam Harlyngbury john Baylel was by king Edward admitted to be king of Scots, & he for the same did his homage, & swore unto him ●●altie. This year was taken Madocke or Rebellion in Wakes. Meridoke captain of the rebels in Wales: he was drawn and hanged at London. Anno. 25. M Sir john Bryton S date 1297 Thomas Sulam Adam de Fullam john Baylell king of Scots contr●●y to his allegiance, by the setting on of the Frenchmen, rebelled again king Barwik● won. Edward. Wherefore king Edward hasted him thither. He won from him the castles of Garwicke and Dunbarre. He slew of the Scots xxv M. and took prisoner sir William Douglas & other noble men. He conquered also Edenbrough, where he found the reg●●ensignes of Scotland: that is to wit, the Crown, the Sceptre and cloth of estate. Anno. 26. M Sir john Britton S date 1298 john de stortforda William de Stort ford Certain persons broke up the Ton in cornhill, and took out certain prisoner's, that thither were committed by sir john Britton: for the which ix of them were grievously punished by long ●mprisonement, and great fines. The tun above named is now the conduit in Cornhill. The king coming again into England, Liberties of, London granted. and so to Winchester, the citizens of London made such labour unto his grace, that they obtained grant of their liberties that had in some part be kept from them by the term of xii years or more. Anno. 27. M date 1299 Henry waleis S Richard Reshan Thomas Sely This year the king made cruel war upon the Scots, & had of them a great victory, and then yielded th●im selves again to his grace and mercy. This year also the king called in certain coins of money called pollards, C●ocardes, and rosaries: Anno. 28. M date 1300 Elis● russel S john Armencer Henry Fringrith King Edward hearing of the untruth and rebellion of the Scots, made his third voyage against them, wherein he subdued a great part of the land, and took the castle of Estrivelyn with other, and made the lords swear to him swealtie and homage. Anno. 29. M Elis russel S date Luke Havering Rich. Champeis This year the king gave unto Edward his son, the princedom of Wales and joined thereunto the dukedom of Cornwall, and the earldom of Chester. Anno. 30. M john Blunt S Robert Caller date 1302 Peter Bosham This year the King held a great Parliament at Cantorb. parliament at Cantorbury. Anno. 31. M john Blunt S Hugh Pourte date 1303 Simon Paris This year king Edward made great wars in Scotland, where he had many great victories. Anno. 32. M john Blunt S date 1304 William Combmartein joh. de Burford This year the king caused great in query to be made of the behaviour of his justices throughout his realm, which was called Troyly Baston. Anno. 33. M john Blunt S Roger Paris date john Lincoln William Wales which had done s● many displeasures to king Edward Execution at London. in Scotland, was taken, drawn, hanged anb quartered at London on Saint Bartholomews eve, and his head set on London bridge. The nobles in Scotland in a parliament at westminster voluntarily were sworn to be true to the king of England, and keep the land of Scotland to his use against all persons. Anno. 34. M date 1306 john Blunt S Raynold Doderil William Causon Roberte le Bruse (contrary to his oath to king Edward before made) assembled the lords of scotland, and caused himself to be crowned. When king Edward heard of this treason, he went with haste into scotland, where he chased sir Roberte le Bruse, and all the power of scotland, and took many of the noble men prisoners. Anno. 35. M date 1307 john Blunt S Simon Belet Godfrey de la conduit The wars continuing in scotland, King Edward deceased. the noble king Edward ended his life, the seventh day of july, in the year, 1307, when he had reigned. 34. years. 7. months, and. 21. days. He lieth buried at Westminster in the chapel of saint Edward upon the south side in a plain tomb of marble at the head of his father. King Edward the second. Anno R●gni. 1▪ date EDward the second son of the first Edward, and prince of wales borne at Carnarvan, began his reign over the realm of England, the vii day of july in the year of our lord. 1307. who was deposed the. 25. day of january: and in the year. 1326. so that he reigned. 19 years. He was fair of body, but unsteadfast of manners, and disposed to lightness: he refused the company of his lords, and men of honour: and haunted the company of villains & vile persons. He gave himself to overmuch drinking, and lightly would disclose things of gre● council: and beside that he was given to these vices of nature: He was made much worse by the counsel & familiarity of certain evil disposed persons: ●s Piers of Gaveston, Hugh Spencer, & others, whose wanton counsel he following gave himself wholly to the appetite and pleasure of the body, not regarding to govern his common weal, by sadness, discretion, and justice. Anno. 1. M date 1307 Sir john Blunt S Nicolas Pigo● Michael Drury King Edward took to wife Isabella the daughter of Philip the fair king of France. He gave Piers of Gaveston, the earldom of Cornwall, and the lordship of wallingford, and was ruled a● by his counsel. Anno. 2. M date 1308 Nicolas Faringdon Goldsmith S William basing john Butler The king calling to mind the displeasure done unto him and his familiar, Piers Gaueston, by the bishop of Chester commanded him to the tower of London, where he was straightly kept many days after. But the lords per●eauing the king given all to wantonness, and that he was much provoked thereunto by the means of Piers Gaveston, caused the king to banish him the realm, and so he went over into Ireland, where the king notwithstanding comforted him with many rich gifts and made him chief ruler of that country. Anno. 3. M Thomas roman S date 1309 james of s. Ed. Roger Palmer The king and his lords were at great strife for the banishment of Piers of Gaveston, in so much that the king would not be pleased until he were again restored. the Rhod● won by christian men. Crouched friars. This year was the Is●e of Rhodes recovered from the Turk, by the knights of the order of saint john Baptist. This year the crouched friars came first into England. Anno. 4. M Richard Rofham S date 1310 Simon Crop Pet. Blacknay Peers of Gaveston more and more increased: in so much that he had the custody of all the kings jewels and treasure of the which he took a table and a A table with 〈◊〉 pair of trestles of gold, and conveyed them with other jewels out of the land. He also brought the king to manifold vices: as adultery and such other. Wherefore the lords again banished him out of England into Flaunders, to the kings great displeasure. Anno. 5. M date john Gysours Peperer S Simon Merwood Rich. Wilforde Piers of Gaveston, was again by the king called out of Flaunders, wherefore the lords being confederate, besieged him in the castle of Scarborough, where they took him, and brought him to Gaversyde beside Warwick, and Execution in Gaversyde. smote of his head, to the great discontenting of the kings mind. This year the kings first son, named Edward, was borne at Windsor. Anno. 6. M date 1312 john Gysours Grocer S john Lambyn Adam Lutekyn This year was many good laws made in the parliament at London, whereunto the king and his lords were sworn. Anno. 7. M date Nicolas Faringdon goldsmith S Adam Burden Hugh Bayton The English men encountered with Robert le Bruse and his Scots, at Estrivalen, where was fought a strong The 〈…〉. battle. In the end whereof, the englishmen were discomfited & so eagerly pursued by the Scots, that many of the noble men were slain: as Gilbert de Clare Earl of Gloucester, sir Robert Clyford, sir Edmond of Manle, with other lords and barons, to the number of xlii knights, and lxvii barons, be side xxii men of name, which were taken prisoners, and ten M. common soldiers slain. After this time Robert le Bruse reigned as king of Scotland. Anno. 8. M john gysor's Grocer S date 1314 Stephen of Abingdon Hamond Chikwel A villain called john Poydras, a tanner's son of Excester, in divers places A barkers son made claim to the crown of England, named himself the son of Edward the first, & said that by a false nurse he was stolen out of his cradle, & Edward that was now king put in his place, which was but a carters son but shortly after, he was convict of his untruth, and confessed, that he did it by the motion of a familiar spirit, which he had in his house in likeness of a cat, whom he had served iii year, and he for his service was drawn and hanged at Northamptou. Anno. 9 M date 1315 Stephen abingdom S Hamondgoodchep Wil. Reading The castle of Barwike was yielded up to the Scots by the treason of Peter Spalding. Two cardinals being sent from Rome to conclude a peace between the king of England & the Scots: as they went through yorkshire, were rob by two Knights called Gilbert Midle●o●, & Walter Selby, with. 600. men, which ii knights had done many robberies in those parts, or they were taken, but they were afterward condemned, drawn & hanged at London. And the King recompensed the Cardinals double so much as they lost. Shortly after sir Goss●en Deinuile and his brother Robert, with two hundred in habit of Friars, going about Notable ●heues in friars apparel. as exiled persons or outlaws, did many great and notable robberies and despites, they rob and spoiled the bishop of durham's palaces, leaving nothing in them but bare, walls, & such like robberies, for the which they were after hanged at York. Anno. 10. M john Wengrave S date 1316 Wil Caston Ralph Palmer The Scots entered the borders of Northumberland and most cruelly rob and spoiled the country, sparing neither man, woman nor child. To this mischief was joined so exceeding Great famine dearth and scarcity that wheat was sold for four mark the quarter: the common people did eat horse flesh, & other vile beasts, & many died for hunger. Anno. 11. M john Wengrave S date 1319 john Prior Wil Furnex King Edward laid siege to Barwike. The white battle But in the mean time the scots by an other way invaded the borders of England, & wasted the country even to York, & slew a great number, specially of religious people: Wherefore it was called the white battle. King Edward was constrained to break up his siege, & return again into England. Sir Hugh the Spencers, the father and the son, were of great power in England, and by the favour of the king practised such cruelty, and bore themself so haughty, that no lord in this land durst contrary them in any thing that they thought good: whereby they were greatly hated of the nobles. Anno. 12. M date 1318 john Wengrave S john Pountney john Dalling The Lords and nobles of England detesting the outrageous pride of the Spencers, in such wise conspired against them, that they caused the king half against his mind, to banish them the Realm. Anno. 13. M date 1319 Hamond Chikwel peperer S Simon Abingnon▪ john Preston This year king Edward contrary to the mind of his lords revoked the Spencers from banishment, and set them in like authority as they before had been, to the great disturbance of the realm. and not long after pursued the barons and chased them from place to place: as first at Ledes castle in Kent: after in the marches of Wales, where he took the Mortimers, and sent them to the Tower of London. Anno. 14. M date 1320 Nicholas Faringdon goldsmith S reynold at conduit Wil Prodham This year king Edward overcame the barons of this realm in many battles Great execution. and took many of them, whom he put to death in divers parts of this realm, to the number of xxii noble men. Master john Baldock, a man of evil fame was made Chancellor of England, who extremely peeled the commons of this realm: for the which he was well rewarded after. Anno. 15. M Hamond Chikwel Grocer S. date 1321 Richard Constantine Rich. Hakeney This year the sun appeared to men's The sun appeared as blood sight as red as blood, and so continued the space of vi hours. The last day of October the Irishmen by the aid they had out of England, drove the scots out of their land. At which time many noble men of Scotland were slain. Among which was Edward lè Bruise the kings brother. Anno. 16. M Hamond Chikwel Grocer S date john Grantham Rich. of Ely King Edward with a great army entered Scotland: but with sickness and other misfortunes that chanced among the soldiers, he within short space was forced to return into England: whereof sir james Douglas, and the Scots having knowledge, pursued him in such wise, that they slew many english men and had well near taken the king at an abbey called Beighland, from the which he was forced to flee, and leave his treasure behind him. Anno. 17. M date 1323 Nicolas Faringdon Goldsmith S Adam Salisbury Io▪ of Oxéford Charles of▪ France warred upon the lands of king Edward in Gascoigne & Guien, and took there many to wnes and castles. Wherefore king Edward sent his wife Isabella to entreat with her brother Charles for peace, or (as Fro●sard saith) the Queen herself fleeing the tyranny & mischief of the Spē●ers, fled with her young son Edward into France, and was gently received of her brother, which made great promise to aid her against the tyranny & injury of the Spencers. Anno. 18. M date 1324 Hamond Chikwel G●●●●er S Be●et of Fulham john Ca●sion Queen Isabel by the aid and help of lyr john of Haynold with a ●●nal company of Henoways returned into England: to whom the Nobles and the King Edward taken prisoner. commons gathering in great number pursued the king, the Spencers, and other enemies so eagerly, that shortly after they took them, and kept the king in prison at Kenil worth▪ And after at Barkley they took master Robert ball dock, the chancellor, the Spenrers taken prisoners. Robert Baldock, the Chancellor both the Spencer's, the father, and the son, the earl of Arundel, with divers other, & brought them to▪ the town of Hereford. Anno. 19 M Richard Betain Goldsmith S date 1325 Gilbert Mordon john Cotton The morrow after Simon and Jude, sir Hugh Spencer the father was put to Great execution. death at Bristol, and after buried at Winchester: and on saint▪ Hughes day following was sir Hugh his son drawn hanged & quartered at Hereford, and his head sent to London, and set among other upon the bridge. After Robert Baldock the Chancellor was sent to London to Newgate, where he died miserably. The earl of Arundel was put to death at Hereford: and king Edward was by parliament deposed from King Edward deposed. his kingdom, when he h●d reigned. x●●yere. two months and xviii days, and not long after was murdered by sir Roger Mortimer, and was buried a● Gloucester. Edward the third Anno Regni. 1. date 1326 EDwarde the third after the deposing of his father was crowned king of England, He began his▪ reign over this realm the xxv day of january: in the year of our lord. 1326, and deceased the. 21▪ day of june in the year. 1377. so he reigned. 50. year, and. 5. months lacking 3. days. In ●●ates of arms he was very expert, as the noble enterprises by him achieved, do well declare. Of his ●●beraliite & clemency, he showed many great examples. Briefly, in all princely virtues he was so excell●t, that few ●●oble men before his time were to be unpared to him. At the beginning of his reign he was chief ordered by sir Roger Mortymer and his mother Isabel. In this first year of his reign he confirmed The liberties of London confirmed. the liberties of the city of London, and ordained, that the mayor of the city of London should sit in all places of iudgem●t within the liberties of the same for chief justice, the kings person only excepted, and that every alder man▪ that had been maidr should be justice of peace in all London and Middlesex: and every Alderman that had not been mayor should be justice of peace within his own ward. divers other privileges he granted to the city. The king went toward Scotland having understanding that the scots were entered into England, as far as Stanhop park. He beset them round about, hoping to have brought them bnder his subjection. But when he thought to be most sure of them by treason of some of his host, the scots escaped clean, & returned back into scotland. About the xxi day of September King Edward the second murdered. Edward the second was murdered in the castle of Barkley by sir Roger Mortimer, and was buried at Gloucester. Anno. 1. M date 1326 Richard britain Goldsmith S R●c. Roting Roger Chacellor The King married the lady Philip the earls daughter of Henawde in the city of York. The king held his parliament at A Parliament at Northampton. Northampton, where through the counsel of sy● Roger Mortimer, & the old Queen his mother, he made with the scots an unprofitable and dishonourable peace: For why he restored to them all their writings, charters, and patents whereby the kings of scotland had bound themselves to be tributary ●o to the crown of England, with other like unprofitable conditions. Anno. 2. M date 1327 Mamo●de Chikwell Grocer S Henry Darcy john Hawden David the young prince of Scotland married jane, the sister of King Edward, whom the Scots in derision called jane makepeace. The scots made many times against thenglishmen, for the fond disguised apparel by them at that time worn, amongst the which this was one. Long beards heartless, Scottish ● taunts. Painted hoods witless, Gay Cotes graceless, Makes England thriftless. Anno. 3. M john Grantham Grocer date 1328 S Simon Franc●s Henry Combmarten Edward earl of Kent, uncle to king Edward of England, being falsely Execution. accused of treason, was by sir Roger Mortimer put to death at Winchester. Prince Edward was borne at Wodstock. The xvii of October, sir Roger Mortemer was taken in Nottingham castle, and sent to the Tower of London. Anno. 4. M Symonde Swalond date 1329 S Richard Laza● Henry G●sors Sir Roger Mortimer was accused for divers points of treason, as that he murdered king Edward the second, & that through him the scots escaped at Sta●●hope park, for receiving sums of money of the Scots: for which accusations he was shortly a●ter drawn Execution. and hanged at London. Edward Baylel, the son o● john Baylel late king of scots by license purchased of king Edward, entered into to Scotland, claiming the crown by the right of his father, where he vanquished the Scots, and was crowned at Stone, Anno. 5. M date 1330 john Pountney Draper S Robert Ely Thomas whorwod The king with a great army went into Scotland, and at Halid● hill gave the Scots battle, wherein he obtained a triumphant victory, and slew o● them viii earls. 900. knights & of barons, Barwike won and esquires. 400. &. 33000. common soldiers: he won Edenbor●we, Barwike, and many other castles, and gave the governance of scotland to Edward Baylel. Anno. 6. M date 1331 john Pountney Draper S john Mocking Andrew Aubery The king of France sent ten ships toward Scotland, which were ●o wether driven into Flau●ders, that they were little worth after that time. Anno. 7. M date 1332 john Preston Draper S Nicolas Pikr john Husband. King Edward went again into scotland, and laid siege to the castle of ●ylbridge: He won it by strength, set the country in quietness, and came back to the castle of Tyne where shortly after Edward Ba●lel king of Scots, came and did him homage, and swore unto him fealty. Anno. 8. M john Pountney draper date 1333 S john Hamond William Hansarde Ambassadors were sent from Philip de Valois king of France, for to conclude upon certain articles of variance between their lord and the king of England, but it took none effect. Anno. 9 M Reignold at conduit date 1334 S john Hyngston Walter Turk This year king Edward sent ambassadors into France, to conclude a peace which likewise took none effect. Anno. 10. M john Ponntney draper date 1335 S Walter Wordo● Richard V●ton This year king Edward made claim to the crown of France, and therefore proclaimed open war between England and France. Anno. 11. M date 1336 john Pountney draper S William Brickelsworth john Northhal This year the king considering the charge he had with wars in Scotland and also that he intended to have against the Frenchmen, gathered together treasure by divers and sundry ways, where of the manner is not expressed: but such great plenty came to his hands, that money was very scant throughout the whole Realm: by reason of which scarceness, victual and other merchandise were exceeding good cheap: for at London Cheap of victuals. a quarter of wheat was sold for ij. s. A fat ox for vi s. viii d. A fat sheep for vi. d. and viii. d. six pigeons for one penny, a fat goose for two. d. a pig for a penny: & so all other victuals after the rate This year appeared a blazing star. Anno. 12. M date 1337 Henry Darcy S Walter Neale Nicolas Crane King Edward sent Ambassadors beyond the sea, to ally with him the earl of Heynault, and other lords, which obeyed not the french king: of who by the means of jaques Dartuell, he had great comfort both of the Flemings & divers lords & princes of those parts This year the king granted, that the officers of the Mayor and Sheriffs of London should bear maces of silver. Anno. 13. M Henry Darcy date 1338 S William of Pomfret Hugh Marbre King Edward for establishment of amity between him and the Hollanders, Selanders, and Grabanders, sailed to And warp, where he concluded the matter with his alliances, and by the consent of the emperor Lewis was proclaimed vicar general of the empire. In this mean time certain frenchmen Southampton robbed had entered the haven of Southampton and rob the town, & brent a great part thereof, and upon the sea they took two. great ships, called the Edward, and the Christopher. Anno. 14. M Andrew Aubery grocer date 1339 S William Thorney Roger Frosham King Henry held a parliament at Great subsidy. Westminster: he demanded the fifth part of every man's goods. The customs of the wols to be paid two years before hand: and the ninth sheaf of every man's corn. Which was granted him. But before it were all paid, the love of the people did turn into hatred, and their prayer into cursing. etc. The king changed his coin, & made Coin changed. the noble, and half noble: The noble at vi. s eight d. which is how ten s. King Edward entered the borders of France, and made claim to the whole realm of France, as his rightful inheritance: Arms of England and France intermeddled. and for more authority named himself king of France, and intermeddled the arms of France, as it remaineth to this day. Anno. 15. M date 1340 Andrew Aubery grocer S. Adam Lucas Bartholomew maries The queen of England wife to king john of Gaunt. Edward being at Gaunt, was delivered of a son, which afterward was called john of Gaunt, which was first earl of Richemount, and after Duke of Gloucester. King Edward sailing into Flaunders nigh to the town of Sluice met Sattayl ou●e sea. with the French kings navy, where was fought a cruel battle. Whereof the king of England had the victury, and the French fleet that was in number. 400. sail was well near destroyed and the soldiers taken, slain & drowned, so that of. 33000 four escaped alive After this victory, king Edward besieged Tourney, and the town of saint Omers. At the end of xi weeks after the siege, a peace was concluded for. xii months, and the king returned. Anno. 16. M john Oxenford vintner date 1341 S Rich. barking john Rockesleye This year came into England ii cardinals to treat a peace between the kings of England and of France, who concluded it for three years, but it lasted not so long. This year the queen was delivered of a man child at Langley, and was named Edmund of Langley, and was king Edward's third son. Anno. 17. M Simon Francis mercer date 1342 S john Lufkin Rich. Kyslingbury This year died john duke of britain by reason of whose death, war & strife grew, and parts taking by the French king and king Edward. Anno 18. M date 1343 john Hamond S john Sewarde john Aysesham This year the king called a parliament at Westminster: In time whereof, Edward his eldest son was created prince of Wales. This year the king made a coin of fine gold, and named it the Florentine; that is A new coin. to say, the penny of the valu of vi ● viii d the halfpenny of the valu of iii ● four d. & the farthing of the valu of twenty d. which coin was ordained for his wars in France, for the gold thereof was not so fine as was the noble before named. Anno. 19 M date 1344 john Hamond S Geff. Wichingham Thomas Legget This year the king held a solemn feast The order of knights of the garter. at his castle of Windsor: where he deused the Order of the garter, and established it as it is at this day. And then he sailed into Sluice, & so into little Britain with a strong army. He sent the earl of Derby with a strong army into Guienne for to aid the earl of Northampton. Anno. 20. M date 1345 Richard Lace● Mercer S Edmonde Hevenall john Gloucester King Edward made a great preparation for the wars of France: and Philip de Valois king of France made as great preparation to defend his land against him. Anno. 21. M Geffrey Wichinghan S date 1346 john Croyden Will. Clopton King Edward sailed into Normandy with. 1100. sail, with his son Prince Edward, they over road spoiled & destroyed the country before them unto Paris: & gathered wondered riches of prai which he sent into England. Shortly after, he encountered the french king nigh the forest of Cress, when he had not in his host the eight man in comparison of the French army, and obtained of them a traumphant victory▪ Where was slain the king of Goheme with ten other great princes .80. banners .1200. knights, and .3000. common soldiers. After this victory king Edward went toward Caleys, and besieged it. In the mean while David of Scotland made war upon the borders of England: but the bishop of York with other lords, gathered a great company, aswell spiritual as temporal, and near unto Durham did bid the king of Scots battle, where was fought a cruel and fierce battle. But in the end the victory fell unto the queens side, & there was taken the king of Scots, with many of his greatest lords, and there R. of scots taken. was slain one & other above .15000. soldiers. Anno. 22. M date 1347 Thomas Legget skinner S Adam Bramson Richar. Basingstoke This year, after king Edward had Caleys yielded. lain afore Calais a year & more, it was yielded up to him, as ye may read in john Frosarde. Anno. 23. M date 1348 john Lufkyn fishmonger S henry Pycarde Simon Dolell In the end of this year about August Great plague the pestilence begun in divers places of England, and specially at London, and so continued till that time twelve month. Anno. 24. date 1349 Walter Turk fishmonger S Adam bury Ralph Lynne The King caused to be voyned groats and half groats, the which lacked iteration coin. of the weight of his former coin ii ● vi. d. of a pound troy. And about the end of August ceased the death in London, which was so vehement and sharp, that over the bodies buried in churches and churchyards, monasteries, and other accustomed burying places, was buried in the Charter house yard of Great pestilence. London. I. M. persons. And also many persons of good credit yet living in the city of London affirm that they have red the like, written on a plate of laton, fastened on a cross of stone in the same Charter house churchyard: and also to have seen recorded in one old Book of the said Charter house, that at that time the said mortalitises was so great, that there remained not the tenth person alive throughout the realm. Anno. 25. M Richard Kyllyngburye S date 1350 john Notte William Wocester This year king Edward had a goodly victory upon the sea against the Constable of France, where he took xxii. of their ships. Anno. 26. M Andrew Aubery grocer S john Wroth date 1351 Gibbon Staindrope This year the castle of Guynes was yelden unto the englishmen, dwelling in Calais, by treason of a French man. Also the englishmen being in Britain had a goodly victory over the Frenchmen where they took many noble men prisoners. Anno. 27. W date 1352 Adam Francis mercer S john peach john Stodeney This summer was so long dry, that it was called after, the dry summer: for from March till the later end of july Dry summer. fell little rain or none: by which reason corn that year following was scant. Anno. 28. maior date 1353 Adam Francis mercer S john Welde john little The duke of Grunswike made an appeal against Henry duke of Lancaster: for which was waged battle in the french Kings court, and being both ready within the lists to fight, the french king stayed the matter, and took; the quarrel into his hands, so that either of them departed the freld without any stroke stricken. Anno. 29. W date 1354 Thomas Legget Skinner S William Totingham Richar. Smelled For so much as the towns in Flanders wol staples keptat Westmin. Chichester Lincoln, Bristol & Canterbury broke their promise before time made by jaques Dartuel, and now favoured the French party, king Edward removed the market and staple of will out of Flanders into England: as to Westminster, Chichester, Lincoln, Bristol & Cantorbury. Also this years was the house of the Friars Augustins in London finished: Friar Augustine's church in London builded. which was re-edified by sir Humfreye Bohune Earl of Hertforde and Essex, whose body lieth buried in the quire of the said house before the high altar. Anno. 30. W Simond Francis Mercer date 1355 S Tho. Forster Thomas Brandon Edward prince of Wales, nigh to the city of poitiers joined battle with king john of France: of whom the prince by his martial policy won a noble victory not withstanding that he had in his army but 800. soldiers: & on the french part were 6000. fight men. In this conflict king john was taken with his young son Phi●●p, and many of his nobles, & brought into England. Anno. 31. W Henry Picard date 1356 S R●ch. Nottingham Thoma ●osell● Great and royal jousts were held in jousts in smithfiel● smithfield before the king of England (the French king being prisoner) the king of Scots, and divers other nobles. Anno. 32. W date 1357 john Stody vintner S Stephen Candish Barthol. Frostling This year David le Bruise king of Scots was set at liberty, when he had put king Edward surety of. 10000 mark for his ransom. Anno. 33. W date 1358 john Lufkyn fishmonger S joh. Barnes john Burys The englishmen in Britain took the town of Ancore, and divers other, and put them to great ransom. Anno. 34. W date 1359 Simon Dolel grocer S Simon Bedington john Chichester A final peace was concluded between the kings of England and of France, on this condition, that king Edward should have to his possession, the countries o● Gascoyn and Guienne, Poitiers, Lymosyn, Galevile, Xantes Calais, Guines, and divers other lordships, castles, towns▪ and all the lands to them belonging, without knowledge of any sovereignty or subjection for the same: and the king of France should pay for his ransom. 300000. crowns: and so king john returned into France. Anno. 35. W john Wroth fishmonger date 1360 S john Denys Walter Burney King Edward returned from Caleys into England; and brought with him many noble men of France for hostages. This year men and beasts perished in England in divers places, with thunder and lightning: and stendes were seen in man's likeness, and spoke unto men as they travailed by the way Anno. 36. W john Peche fishmonger date 1361 S William Holbeche james Tame This year was great death and pestilence The second pestilence. in England, which was called the second mortality: in which died Henry duke of Lancaster: & then was john of Gaunt the kings third son, which had married the duke's daughter, made duke of Lancaster. Also there were seen this year in the air Castles, and hosts of men fighting. Anno. 37. M date 1362 Stephen Candishe S Io. of S. Albons james Andrew This year was a great wind in England, Great wind. wherewith many steeples & towers were overthrown. King john of France came into England, & shortly after died at the Savoy in London. Also this year was a great frost in England, which lasted from the midst of September, to the month of April. Anno. 38. M date 1363 john Notte peperer S richard Croyden john Hiltofte Prince Edward sailed into Bordeaux, & received the possession of Guienne that king Edward▪ had newly given unto him. Anno. 39 M date 1364 Adam bury Skinner S Simon Mordant Io. of Motford This year the king began the foundation S. stephen's chapel. of saint Stephen's Chapel at westminster, which was finished by Richard the second, and son of prince Edward. Anno. 40. M Adam of bury Skinner date 1365 S john Bukilsworthe john Drelande Adam of Bury was mayor one part of the year, & john Luf●yn the residue. This year the king commanded that Peter pence should no more be gathered nor paid to Rome. Anno. 41. M john Lovekyn fishmonger S date 1366 john Warde William Dickman This year was borne the second son of prince Edward, named Richard. Anno. 42. M james Andrew Draper date 1367 S Rich. Torgold William Dickman This year appeared Stella cometa, that is a blazing star. And the Earls Blazing star. of Armenak, of Brett, and of Perygort, with other nobles of the duchy of Guyan, appealed the Prince of Wales in the French kings court, that he had broken the peace, and wronged them, as in exacting of them over great sums of money. etc. But the French king deferted it for certain causes to long here to recite. Anno. 43. M date 1368 Simon Mordon fishmonger S Adam Wimbingham Rob. Girdler This year the French King proceeded in judgement upon the appellation before made by the earl of Arminak, the lord of Bret, and earl of Perygort against prince Edward. Whereupon, discord and variance began to take place between the two kings: & those lords which before were sworn to king Edward, did now yield divers towns of the country of Poitiers unto the French king. Anno. 44. M date 1369 john Chichester goldsmith S john Pyell Hugh Holbitche This year died Queen philip queens college in Oxford. wife to Edward the third, she builded the college in Oxenford, called queens college. In this year was the third mortality or pestilence, whereof died much people Anno. 45. M date 1370 john Bernes mercer S William Walworth Roberte Gayton john Barnes mayor of London, gave a chest with three locks, and a. 1000 marks, to be lent to young men upon sufficient gage, so that it passed not one 100 marks: and for the occupying thee of, if he were learned, to say at his pleasure De profundis for the soul of john Barnes: if he were not learned, to say. Pater noster. But how soever the money was lent, at this day the chest standeth in the chamber of London, without either money or pledges for the same. Anno. 46. M john Barnes mercer date 1371 S Roberte Hatfielde Adam Staple The earl of Pembroke, as he passed the sea to rescue the castle of Rochel, was encountered with a fleet of Spaniards, which king Henry of castle had sent to aid the French king. Of these spaniards after cruel fight, the Earl was taken, and sir Guystarde de Angle, and other, to the number of. 160▪ persons, and the more part of his men slain and drowned. Anno. 47. M john Pyell merchant date 1372 S john Philpot Nicolas Brember john Duke of Lancaster, entered by calais into France, & passed through out the realm, by Vermendoys and champain, nigh to Bordeaux in Aquitayn without battle. Anno. 48. M date 1373 Adam of bury Skinner S john Aubery john Fysshyed divers entreaties of peace were made between the king of England & France, by mean of the by shop of Rome, but none was concluded. Anno. 49. M date 1374 William Walworth fishmonger S Richard Lions William Wodhouse The entreaty of peace continued, but not concluded but for four months at the most: in which time of entreaty the French king won many holds, & towns of the Englishmen, as well in Guienne as in britain, and in other places. Anno. 50. M date 1375 john Warde grocer S john Hadleye William Neweporte Many wonderful sicknesses fell among the people, ●swel in Italy as in England, whereof there died an exceeding great number. Anno. 51. M Adam Staple Mercer S date 1376 john Northampton Robert Launde Prince Edward departed out of this life, who was in his time the flower of chivalry. He was buried at Cantorbury, and then king Edward created Richard son of prince Edward prince of Wales: and because the king waxed feeble and sickly, he betook the rule of the land to sir john of Gaunt duke of Lancaster, who so continued during his father's life. This year king Edward the third ended his life at Richemond, the xxi day of june, in the year of our Lord 1377. When he had reigned. 50. years five months lacking four days, and was buried at westminster. He left behind him four sons: Lionel duke of Clarence, john of Gaunt duke of Lancaster, Edmonde of Langleye duke of York, and Thomas of Would stock, Earl of Cambridge. ¶ richard the second. Anno Regni i date 1377 RIchard the second, son of Prince Edward of Wales, was ordained king of England, being as yet but eleven years of age. He began his reign the xi day of june, in the year of our Lord 1377▪ and left the same the xxix day of September in the year. 1399. so he reigned xxii years iii months and eight days. In bounty and liberality he far passed all his progenitors: but he was overmuch given to rest & quietness, and loved little deeds of arms, & martial prowess, and for that he was young, he was most ruled by young counsel, and regarded nothing the advertisements of the sage & wise men of his Realm: for the chief about him were of no wisdom nor el●●mation. Which thing turned this land to great trouble, and himself in fine to extreme misery. Of him john Gower writeth these verses following. When this king first began to reign, ●o● claman 〈…〉. the laws neglected were: Wherefore good fortune him forsook and thearth did quake for fear. The people also whom he poulde, against him did rebel, The time doth yet bewail the woes, that Chronicles do of tell: The foolish council of the lewd and young, he did receive: And grave advice of aged heads: he did reject and leave. And then for greedy thirst of coin, some subjects he accused: To gain their goods into his hands thus he the Realm abused. Anno regni. 1. M Nicolas Brember grocer. date 1377 S Andrew pickman Nicolas Tuyforde By the enticement of the Frenchmen, the Scots began to rebel, and a squire of theirs, called Alexander Ramsey, Barwyk● taken. with xl persons, in a night took the castle of Barwike, which was rescued and recovered by th'earl of Northumberlande. Anno. 2. M john Philpot grocer date 1378 S john Boseham Thomas Cornewalis This john Philpot mayor of London Charita● deeds o● john P●●●●pot. above named, gave to the city of London certain tenements, for the which the Chamberlain of London, payeth yearly for ever, to xiij poor people of the same city, every of them seven. pennies the week, which is paid to them at thee. iilj quarter feasts of the year, & as any of those xiii persons die, the Mayor appointeth one, and the Recorder of London, an other in their roomths. Anno. 3. M date 1379 john Hadley grocer S john Heylisdom Myllyam Barret The French men with galleys and Gravesend ●oyled. other ships, entered into the Thames and burned divers towns, & at the last came to Grauesende, where they spoiled▪ the town, and set it on fire, and returned into France with much rythes. This year was such a pestilence in England, that most people died. Also a parliament at westminster, where was granted, that all men and women, being of the age of xiiij years or upward, should pay to the king four d. by reason whereof great grudge and murmur grew among the commons: and this was granted towards the wars in France. Anno. 4. M William Walworth fishmonger date S Walter ducat Will. knighthood This year the making of guns Gonnes invented. was first found, in this manner: a certain Almaigne (whose name is not known) chanced to have in a mortar, powder of brimstone that he had beaten for a medicine, and covered it with a stone, and as he struck fire, it fortuned a spark to fall in the powder, by and by there rose a great flame-out of the mortar, and lift up the stone wherewith it was covered a great height: and after he had perceived that, he made a pipe of iron, and tempered the powder, and finished this deadly engine, and taught it to the Venetians, when they warred against the Genuates, which was in the year of our Lord. 1380. For this invention he received this benefit, that his name was never known, left he might for this abominable devise, have been cursed and evil spoken of whilst the world standeth: so saith Polydore. By the mean of the payment above named, A rebellio by jacke Straw an others. this year the commons of ●his land, specially of Kent & Essex, suddenly rebelled & assembled together upon black Heath, to the number of. 60000▪ and above, which had to their captains, Watte Tyler, jacke Strawe, jacke Shepard, Tom miller, Hobbe Carter, and such other: which were animated to this rebellion, by one john Wall or ball, a seditious preacher. They caused much trouble and business in the realm: and chief about the city of London, where they practised much villainy, and destroying many goodly places of the nobles, as the Savoy, The Savoy burnt ●nd Saint john's in ●mithfielde spoilt. Saint john's in Smithfield, & other. They let forth all prisoners, and set them at liberty: they spoiled all the books of law in the Inns of court, the Records of the Counters, and other prisons. They fet the king forth of the tower of London, compelling him to grant all bondmen freedom, and that he should never demand tribute or tax of his commons: and also required jacke Straw, and Wat Tyler to be made Dukes of Essex, and Kent, and governors of the kings person from thence forth, both in peace and war: which things he granted, for he durst in no point deny them. But William Walworth mayor of London being in Smithfielde, near unto the kings person, and saying him stand hoodlesse afore jack Straw, rebuke the said Straw of his great lewdness, jack straw slain. & with a dagger slew him, & brought the king into the city: Whereupon the rude company was dispersed, & fled Why the city of London giveth the Dagger in arms. as sheep, some one way, and some an other. In memory of this deed, the city giveth the dagger in their shield of arms. Anno. 5. M john Northampton Draper date 1381 S john Rote john Hind This year was a terrible earthquake An earthquake. throughout all England, which threw down many castles, steeples, houses, and trees. Anno. 6. M john Northampton Draper date 1382 S Adam Baume john silly This year was a combat fought A combat. at the kings palace of Westminster, between one Garton appellant, and sir john Ansley knight defendant, the knight was Victor, & Garton was from that place drawn to Tyborn, and there hanged for his false accusation. Anno. 7. M Nicolas Brember grocer date 1383 S Simon Winchcomb john Moor This year was one Wall, or Ball taken at coventry, by Robert Execution at s. Albon Treuillian, and judged to be hanged at saint Albon, for that he was the animator of the rebels spoken of in the fovethe year of this kings reign. Anno. 8. M Nicolas Brembre grocer S Nicholas Exton date 1384 john French The King went toward Scotland with a great army, but when he drew near the borders, such means was sought that a peace was concluded. Anno. 9 M Nicolas Brembre grocer S john Organ date 1385 john Churcheman King Richard married the daughter of Dinceslaus, emperor of almain. Anno. 10. M Nicolas Exton goldsmith S William Stondon date 1386 William More The Earl of Arundel went into the Duchy of Buyan, for to strengthen such soldiers as the king at that time had in those parties, or to scour the sea of Rovers. The earl Keeping his course encountered with a mighty fleet of Flemmyngs laden with Rochel wine, and set upon them, took them, and brought them to divers ports of England: whereby wine was then so plenteous, that it was sold for xiii ● four d. &▪ xx ● a ton, of the very choice. Anno. 11. M Nicolas Exton goldsmith S date 1387 William Denour Hugh Fostalfe This year Thomas of Wodstoke duke of Gloucester, the earls of Arundel, Warwick, of Derby, & of Nottingham, considering how this land was misgoverned, by a few persons about the king intending reformation of the same, assembled at Radecocke bridge, where they took their counsel, and raising a strong power, came to London, where they caused the king to call a parliament whereof hearing Alexander nevil, archbishop of York, sir Lionel were, marquis of Develen, & sir Michael dela Poole, Chancellor & earl of Suffolk fearing punishment, fled the land and died in strange countries. The king by counsel of the above named lords during the parliament, caused to be taken sir Robert Tresilian, chief justice of England, sir Nicholas Brembre, late Mayor of London, sir john Salisbury knight of household, sir john Beauchampe steward of the king's house, sir Simon Burley, sir james Bernes and sir Roberte Belknappe knights and a sergeant of arms, named john Dske, the which by authority of the said parliament, were convict of treason, and put to death at the tour hill, & at Tyborn. And john Holt, john Locton, Richard gray, Millian Burgth, and Robert Fulthorpe justice, with that other foresaid lords, which before had voided the land, were banished and exiled for ever. Anno. 12. M Sir Nico. Twyforde goldsmith S Tho. Austen date 1388 Adam Cathyll This year the king kept a great jousts in Smythfield, which continued jousts in smithfielde xxiv. days. This year on the fifth day of August, was the battle of Ottirborn where sir Henry Percy slew the earl Battle at Ottirborn. Douglas of scotland, and after was taken prisoner. Anno. 13. M William Denour grocer S john Walcot date 2389 john Loveney An esquire of Navarre accused an ● combat. english esquire called john Welsh of treason: for the trial whereof, a day of fight was between them taken, to be fought in the kings palais at Westmin star: where john Welshe was victor, & constrained the other to yield. He was Execution. despoiled of his armour, and drawn to Tyburn, and hanged. Anno: 14. M Adam balm▪ goldsmith S date 1390 john Francis Thomas Divent The duke of Lancaster uncle to king Richard sailed with a company of soldiers into spain, to claim the realm of Castille: for so much as he had taken to wife the eldest daughter of king Peter, that was expelled his kingdom by Henry his bastard brother: he conquered the country of Galice, and made league with the king of Portugal: but by great mortality, which fell among his people: he was fain to dismiss his army, and shortly after lost all that ever he had won. Anno. 15. M john Hind Draper S date 1391 john Chadworth Henry Damer A bakers man bearing a basket of A fray in Fletestret●. ●orsebreade in Fletestreet, one of the bishop of Salisvuries men took out a loaf, that baker requiring his loaf, the bishops man broke the bakers head: whereupon followed such parties taking, that the Mayor and sheriffs and all the quiet people of the city could not order the unruliness of the multitude, but that they would have him delivered to them, who broke the bakers head, or else to break open the gates of the said bishops palace, who was the king's high treasurer: for the which the king seized the liberties of the city, and discharged the Mayor and Sheriffs of the rule of the City, and committed the government thereof to a knight of the court called sir Edward Dalingrige. Anno. 16. M date 1392 William Stonden Grocer S Gilb. Mansfield Thomas Newington This year by the great suit & labour The liberties of London restored. of doctor Gravesend then bishop of London, the liberties were shortly restored to the citizens of London. Anno. 17. M date 1393 john Hadley grocer S Dr●w Barentin Richard Whittingion A truce prolonged between France and Englanoe for three years. This year died Queen Anne wife to king Richard. Anno. 18. M john French Mercer S date 1394 William Bramton Tho. Knolles About this time was Wikliffe famous john Wiklife. in England. King Richard made a voyage into Ireland, which was more chargeable than honourable. And this year was great tempest of wind in England. Anno. 19 M William More bintener S Roger Elys date 1395 William Sheringham A truce for xxx years was made between England and France: and king Richard took to wife Isabel the daughter of Charles the French king. Anno. 20. M Adam Bame goldsmith S date 1396 Thomas Wylforde Will. Parker The duke of Gloucester king Richard's uncle with the earl of Arundel and Execution other was put to cruel death: for so much as they rebuked the king in certain matters over liberally. Anno. 21. M date 1397 Richard Whittington Mercer S Wil Askham john Woodcock▪ This year deceased john of Gaunt duke of Lancaster: He was buried in Paul's Church, on the north side of the quire. The Duke of Hereford and also the the duke of Hereforde banished. Duke of Norfolk were both banished the land. Anno. 22. M date 1398 drew Barenntine goldsmith S john Wade john Warner King Richard let the realm of England let to ferme England to Farm, to sir William Scrope Earl of Wiltshyre, and to three knights, bushy, Bagot and Grene, And then in April he went with an army into Ireland; leaving for his lieutenant in England, sir Edmund of Langley his uncle, and duke of York. King Richard being occupied in Ireland, Henry Bolynbroke, Duke of Hereforde, and of Lancaster: which was banished into France, being sesite for of the Londoners, came into England with a small power, and landed in holderness in Yorkshire, to whom the Commons gathered in great numbered, whereof King Richard hearing, about September he returned, and landed at Mylforde haven, he went to the Castle o● Flint in Wales, where he rested him, intending to gather more strength. In the which time, Henry Duke of Lancaster came unto Bristol, where he took sir William Scrope, Earl of Wilteshyre and treasurer of Enggland, sir john Bushy, and sir Henry Greene.. Sir john Bagot was there taken, but he escaped and fled, the other three were put to execution. King Richard being in the cas●ell of Flynt King Richard taken prisoner by Henry duke of Herford was taken: and by Henry Duke of Lancaster, sent to the Tower of London: where shortly after he yielded up and resigned to the said Henry all his power and Kingly title to the crown of England and France, knowledging, that he worthily was deposed for▪ h●s demerits and misgoverning of the common weal. ¶ King Henry the fourth. Anno regnl. ●. date HEnry the fourth was ordained King of England more by force, then by lau full succession or election: Which thing turned him to much unquietness, and caused often rebellion in this Realm: He began his reign over this Realm, the xxix of September, in the year of our Lord. 1399. and le●te the same the xx. day of March, in the year. 1412. So he reigned thirteen years, six months, lacking nine days. Henry, the son of King Henry was chosen prince of Wales, and duke of Cornwall, Earl of Chester, and heir apparent to the Crown: he deposed three Dukes, that is to say, of Albumarle, Excester and Su●●●●y, and the ●arqu●s of Dorset. An. reg. 1. M date Thomas ●●olles Grocer S William Walderne William Hyde Sir john holland duke of Excester A conspiracy against king henry. brother to King Richard, the duke of Albumarle, the duke of Surrey with the Earls of Salisbury & Gloucester, and other that favoured Richard of Bordeaux, conspired against King Henry, and appointed privily to murder him at a feast, which should be holden at Windsor: but their treason Execution. was disclosed, and they all put to death with as many knights & esquires as were of that alliance and confederacy. King Richard was put to death in King Richard murdered. Pomfret castle, by a knight called sir Piers of Exton, and after brought to the tower of London, & so through the city to Paul's barefaced, & there stood ●●i. days for all beholders: and from thence to Langley, and there buried in a house of Friars: but he was since removed by Henry the .v. and lieth at Westminster. Upon the death of this king Richard. john Gower doth write as followeth. O mirror for the world meet, Which shouldest in gold be bet, Dox clam●tis. By which all wise men, by foresight, Their prudent wits may whet: ●o God doth hate such rulers as Here viciously do live. And none ought rule, that by their life Do ill example give. As this king Richard witnesseth well, His end this plain doth show, For God allotted him such end, and sent him so great▪ woe. As such a life deserved: as by The chronicles thou mayst know, Anno. 2. M date 1400 john Francis Goldsmith S john Wakell William Ebot While the king was in Wales, certain persons envying that he had so shortly obtained and possessed the Realm, blazed abroad amongst the vulgar people, that king Richard was yet living, and desired aid of the common people to repossess his realm and royal dignity. And to the furtherance of their invention, they set upon posts, and cast about the streets railing rhymes against king Henry. He being nealed with those uncourteous pricks searched out the authors: and amongst other were found culpable of this crime, sir Roger Claryngdon knight, with two of his servants, the Prior of land, and eight Friars Mynoures or grey Friars, who were drawn, hanged and Execution quartered at Tyburn in the month of February. Owen Glendour of Wales rebelled Rebellion in Wales. and king Henry went thither with a strong army, but they fled to their mountains. This year was great scarcity of Dearthe o● corn wheat and other grain, so that wheat was sold at London for xvi s, a quarter Anno. 3. M john ●hadworth Mercer date 1401 S. Wil Venour john Framingham This year the Condite standing upon Condite i● Cornhill budded. Cornhill in London was begun to be made (where as before time it was a prison for priests called the Ta●●e in Cornhill. A great battle at Shrewesbury, began battle a● Srewesbu by sir Thomas Percy, earl of worcester, and other against the King, where sir Thomas Percy was taken Execution and beheaded, and sir Henry percy slain, with many other noble men. Anno. 4. M john Walcot Draper S date 1402 Richard Marlowe Robert Chicheley The Lord of Casteil in Britain landed within a mile of Plymmouthe, Plymouth spoiled with a great company, he lodged all night in Plimmouthe, and on the morrow rob and spoiled the town, and returned again to their ships. Anno. 5. M date 1403 William Askham Fishmonger S Thomas Fauconer Tho. Poole The britains and frenchmen, which the year before had spoiled and rob the town of Plymouth, were discomfited and slain of the english men, in a battle on the sea, near the town of Dartmouth. This year one William Serle was taken in the marches of scotland, and Execution brought to London, and there hanged, drawn, and quartered for murdering the duke of Gloucester at Calais. Anno. 6. M date 1404 john Hind Draper S Will Lowsche Ste. Spilman Sir Richard Scrope then archbishop of York, and the Lord Mowbray then marshal of England, with other, gathered great strength to have put Execution down the king, but they were taken at York, where they were both beheaded. Anno. 7. M Io. woodcock Mercer date 1405 S Henry Barton Wil Cromer This year was the bridge and Chapel Rochester bridge builded. of Rochester finished by sir Robert Knolls, who also new re-edified the body of the church of white friars standing in Fleetstreet, and there was buried: That Church was first founded by the auncestores of the Lord Grace Corner. Anno. 8. M Richard Whittington Mercer date 1406 S Nicolas Wotton Geff. Broke This Richard Whittington Mayor of Whittington college builded. London above named, builded the house in London, named whittington's college. He builded a great part of the hospital of saint▪ Bartholomewes' in west Smithfielde: he builded the library at the grey friars in London, now called Christ's hospital: he also builded a great part of the east end of the guilded hall in London, beside sundry other no table works done by him. This year sir Henry earl of Northumberland, Execution and the lord of Bardolfe coming out of scotland: with a strong company, were met & fought with, and discomfited, and their heads were stricken of, and sent to London. Anno. 9 M date 1407 William Stonden Grocer S Henry Pomfret Henry Halton This year was a great frost which Great frost. began in December, and lasted fifteen weeks. Edmond Holland Earl of Rent was by the king made admiral of the sea, who scouring and skimming the sea, at the last landed in britain, and besieged the Castle of Br●ake and won it: but he was there wounded with an arrow, whereof he died soon after. Anno. 10. M date 1408 drew Barentine Goldsmith S Thomas duke William Norton This year in Smithfield was held a Great jousts in Smithfield. great jousts between the Henowayes and Englishmen▪ in the which were many feats of arms done. Anno. 11. M date 1409 Richard Marlowe iron-monger S john Law William Chichley john Badley tailor was brent in Execution in Smithfield. The market house called the stocks builded. Smithfield for the Sacrament of the Altar. This year the market house called the Stocks in London was begun to be builded. Anno. 12. M Tho. Knolles Grocer. date 1410 S Io. Penne Tho. Pike This year a squire of Wales named Execution. Rice ap Dee, which had long time rebelled against the king, was brought to London, and there drawn, hanged, and quartered This year▪ was the Guild Hall of guilded hall in London new builded. London begun to be new built: and of an old and little cottage, made into a fair & goodly house as it now appeareth Anno. 13. M Robert Chicheley Grocer. date 1411 S john Rainwel William Cotton This year the xii day of October, the Thames flowed thrice in one day. And this year the king caused a new coin of nobles to be made which were of less value than the old by four d. in a noble. Anno. 14. M William Waldren Mercer date 1412 S Ralph Leu●hind William Sevenoke. This year after the great and fortunate chances happened to King Henry, being delivered of all civil division and dissension, he minded to make a vot age against the infidels, and especially for the recovery of jerusalem: and for that cause prepared a great army, and gathered much treasure, intending to set forward in the same spring. When he had thus prepared all things necessary for his voyage: he was taken with an Apoplexy, of the which he languished till his appointed hour. During which sickness (as authors writ (he caused his Crown to be set on the pillow at his bed's head, and suddenly his pang so sore troubled him, that he lay as all his vital spirits had been departed: such as had cure of his body, thinking him to be dead, covered his face with a linen cloth. The prince his son being thereof advertised, entered into the Chamber, and took away with him the crown and departed, the father being suddenly revived out of his trance, quickly perceived that lack of his crown, and having, knowledge that the prince had possessed▪ it, caused him to repair to his presence, requiring him for what cause he had so misused himself. The prince answered, sir to my judgement you seemed dead, wherefore I as your next heir, took it as mine, and not as yours: well son said the king what right I had to it, and how I enjoyed it, God knoweth, Well qu●d the Prince, if you die king, I will have the garland; and trust to keep it with the sword as ye have done: ●●ll said the king, I commit all to God, and remember you to do well, and with that turned himself, and shortly after departed, in a chamber of the abbots of Westminster, called jerusalem, the xx. day of March, in the year of our lord. 1412. When he had reigned. 13. years, six months and nine days, and was buried at Cantorbury. King Henry the fifth. Anno Rengni. I. date 1412 HEnry the fifth began his reign the twenty day of March in the year of our lord, 1412. and deceased the last day of August in the year 1422. so he reigned ix years, five months and ten days. He was a prince of great nobleness & prows, of stature and parsonage tall and selender, of nature gentle and liberal, in deeds of arms expert and cunning, whereby he coquered manfully his enemies, and brought France to his subjection: before the death of his father he applied and gave himself to all vice and insolency of life, and drew unto him riotous and wildly dispased▪ persons: but when he was admitted to the rule of the land suddenly he became a new man, and turned all the rage of wildness into sober and wise behaviour, and vice into virtue: and that he might not be again corrupted, he charged all his old companions, that upon pain of their lives, none of them should come within ten miles of the place that he was lodged in. This year about harvest time, was sir john Oldecastel knight appeached Oldcastel. for an heretic, and committed to prison, but he broke out of the tower, and went to wales, where he lived four years after. Anno. 1. M date 1413 Wil Crowmer Draper S john. Sutton john Mycol Certain adherentes of the forenamed sir john Oldecastell, assembled them in Thickets field, near unto S. Gyles in great number, whereof the king being informed, took the field afore them, and took of them so many, that all the prisons in and about London, were filled. The chief of them which were xxix were condemned by the Clergy of heresy, and attainted of high treason, as movers of war against their king, by the temporal law in the Guild hall, and adjudged for treason, to be drawn and hanged, and for herefye to be consumed with fire, which was executed accordingly in January following. The chief whereof was sir Robert Acton knight, john Browne Esquire, and john Beverley priest. Anno. 2. M Thomas Fauconer Mercer S john Michael date 1414 Thomas Allein This year the king made great provision to sail into France with an army, & while he was shipping of his people, sir Richard earl of Cambridge, sir Richard Scrope treasurer of England and sir Thomas gray knight, were arrested for treason, and so straightly examined, that it was confessed that they were purposed to have slain the king, by the corrupting of the French men: Execution. wherefore they were all three adjudged to die, and were headed at Hampton? Then king Henry took shipping with a great power, and sailed into Normandy, & took the town of Harflew, where he was compassed about with a great host of frenchmen, to the number of. 40000 He having but. 13000. footmen, and 2000 spears. He slew of his enemies Battle of Agincourt 10000 and took pri●oners nigh as many▪ This was called the battle of Agincourt Anno. 3. M date 1415 Nicholas Wotton Draper S William Cambridge. Allein Euerard This year the▪ Emperor Sigi●mond came into England, to entreat a means of peace between the kings of England & France: but all was in vain, for in the end no peace could be con▪ cluded, and king Henry went again into France. Anno. 4. M date 1416 Henry Barton Skinner S Robert Wodington john coventry This year in France king Henry obtained many victories, and got all the towns and holds in Normandy, saving Rohan, which he strongly besieged. This year on Ester day, was a great A fray in saint Dunston's Church fray in saint Dustons' Church in the east part of London: the beginners thereof was the lord Strange, and sir john Trussel knight, through the quarrel of their two wives: through the which fray many people were sore wounded and hurt, and one Thomas Petwarden Fishmonger slain out of ●●●●de, wherefore both the fraiers were brought to the counter in the Pultrey, and the lord Strange for beginning the said fray, was the next sunday accursed at Paul's cross. Anno. 5. M Richard Marlowe Iremonger S date 1417 Henry read john Gedney. This year sir john Oldcastell was Execution. sent unto London by the lord Powes out of Wales, the which sir john for heresy and treason was convict, and for the same was drawn to saint Giles field, where he was hanged on a new pair of Gallows with chains, and after consumed with fire. About this time the person of Wrotham The person of Wrothan with his concubine in Norfolk, which had haunted new Market heath, and there rob & spoiled many of the king's subjects, was with his concubine brought up to Newgate where he lastly died Anno. 6. M date 1418 Will, Seue●●ke grocer S Ralph Barton Io▪ Parnesse King Henry conquered Rouen, subdued all Normandy, and was proclaimed Regent of France for term of the life of Charles being then king. And after his decease the crown of France with all rights belonging to the same: to him and his heirs. For confirmation whereof he took to wife Catherin● the daughter of Charles. Anno. 7. M date 1419 Richard Whittington Mercer S R. Whitttngham john Butler This year king Henry returned into England & so to London, and at Westminster Katherine his wife was crowned the xxiiii. day of February. Anno. 8. M date 1420 Wil Cambridge grow. S john Butler john Welles The duke of Clarence king Henry's brother was overset by the Dolphin of France, and slain, to the kings great displeasure. King Henry went again into France and made war upon the Dolphin. Anno. 9 M Robert Chichely Grocer S date 1421 Richard Gosselyn Wil Weston The beginning of this year. Q. Catherine was delivered at Windsor of a young prince, whose name was Henry, and the tenth day of August was the new wether cock set on Paul's steeple. And this year the Queen returned into France to King Henry, where was a joyful meeting, but ●f●er followed sorrow: for shortly after the king being at Bois in Vincente, he waxed sick & Shene and Zion builded. died, the last day of August, in the year of our lord .1422. when he had reigned nine years five months & ten days, he builded the Shene and Zion, and lieth buried at Westminster. King Henry the sixth Anno Regni. 1. date HEnry the sixth being an infant of viii months of age, began his reign over this Realm of England the last day of August, in the year of our lord .1422. he was deposed the fourth day of March in the year, 1460. So he reigned xxxviii years, six months & four days, continuing the time of his youth, he was committed to the governance of Duke Humfraye of Gloucester his uncle: when he came to ●ans state, he was of wit, and nature, simple, gentle, and meek, & loved better peace than war, quietness of mind than business of the world: honesty then profit, rest & ease, than trouble & care: all trouble, vexation, unquietness, and injuries, that ever happened to him, (which were many & great) he suffered so patiently that he reputed them to be worthily sent to him of God for his offences. He favoured good letters excellently well: in token whereof he erected King's college at Cambridge and the college at Ea●on built two famous Colleges, the one at Cambridge, called the kings college, the other at Eton: by means whereof good learning greatly increased. In the beginning of his reign, died king Charles of France, by reason whereof, the kingdom of France should come unto king Henry, and the nobles of France (except a few that held with the Dolphin) delivered the possession thereof unto the duke▪ of Bedford Regent of France, to the use of king Henry. Anno. 1. M William Walderne. Mercer S date 1422 William Estfield R. Tattersale A subsidy was granted for three years, five nobles of every sack of will that should pass out of the land. A priest was burned for heresy, called Execution William Tailor. This year the west gate of London, Newgate builded. now called Newgate, was newly builded by the executors of Richard Whittington late Mayor of London. Anno. 2. M William Crowmer Draper S date 1423 Nicho. james Thomas Wadforde This year the duke of Bedford won from the Dolphin of France, many strong holds and towns, and near to a town called Vernell, he discomfited the Dolphin's whole power, for in that fight were slain iii earls and many other noble men, and .5000. common soldiers. Sir Roger Mortimer, for treason Execution was condemned by act of parliament, and hanged and quartered. This year james king of Scots, was delivered who had remained prisoner in England xviii years, and he married the lady jane daughter to the earl of Somerset, cousin to king Henry. Anno. 3. M date 1424 john Michael Fishmonger S Simon Seman Io. Bywater This year the king of Portugal came into England, and was honourably received. The first custom. This year by the parlia●●●●t holden at Westminster, was granted to the king for three years▪ to help him in his wars, a subsidy of xii d. in the pound of all merchandises brought in, or carried out of this realm, and iii s. of every ton of wine, the which was then called tonnage and poundage, but since ●t hath been renewed at sundry parliaments, and now is called custom. Furthermore, it was enacted that all merchant strangers should be lodged within an english host, within xu days of their coming to their port sale, & to make no sale of any merchandise or they were so lodged: & then within lx days following, to make sale of all that they brought, and if any remained unsold at the said lx dayed end, that then all such merchandise so unsold, to be forfeit to the king. Anno. 4. M Io. coventry Mercer▪ S date 1425 Wil M●lrede john Brokel Grudge and variance between the Parliament at Leicester duke of Gloucester protector of England and his half brother the bishop of Winchester, which was appeased by the regent of France, and debated by a parliament at Leicester. Anno. 5. M john Raynewell Fishmonger S date 1426 Io. Arnold Io. He●ghtham. This john Raynewel Mayor of London Three wards in London discharged of Fy●tenes. before named, gave certain lands or tenem●tes to the city of London, for the which the same city is bound to pay for ever, all such fifteens as shall be granted to the king (so that it pass not three fifteens in one year) for three wards of the same, that is to say, Dougate ward, Bellynsgate ward, and Algate ward. Anno. 6. M john Gidney Draper S date 1427 Henry Fr●wicke Rob. Otley This year a woman dwelling in wh●t Chapel parish without Algate of London, was in the night murdered by a Britain or Frenchman, whom she had cherished and brought up of alms Who conveying such jewels and stuff as he might carry, was taken in Essex, and brought up to London: but as soon Murder quite with murder. as he came in the parish where he had committed the murder, the wives cast upon him so much filth and ordure of the street, that notwithstanding the resistance made by the Constables, they slew him out of hand. Anno. 7. M date 1428 Henry Barton skinner S T. Dushous john Abbot This year the duke of Norfolk, was like to have been drowned, passing through London bridge, his barge being set upon the piles whelmed over, so that he and very few escaped, being draw up with ropes, the rest were all drowned. Anno. 8. M date 1429 William Estfield Mercer S William Russee Ralph holland This year was King Henry crowned at Westminster. Anno. 9 M date 1430 Nicholas Wotton Draper S Walter Chertsey Robert Large This year at Abington, began an insurrection Commoted at Abington. of certain light persons, that intended to have wrought much mischief, but they were quieted by the lord protector, and the chief author being vaily of the town, named Welliam M●undeuil, a weaver, otherwise naming himself jack sharp of wigmore's Land in Wales, with other were put to death. This year was one Richard Russel Execution at Tyborn. a wolman, drawn, hanged, and quartered at Tyburn for treason. Anno. 10. M joh. Welles grocer S date 1431 john Adirlee Step. Grown This john Wells of his goods caused The Standard in cheap builded. the condite named the Standard in cheap, to be builded in Anno. 1442. This year king Henry was crowned at Paris. Anno. 11. M Io Parneis Fishmonger S john Olney Io. Padde●●ey This year was seen in the south-west, a A comet star called a Comet or blazing sterr. Anno. 12. M john Brokley Draper S date 1433 Thomas Chalton john King The earl of Huntingdon, was sent with a company of soldiers into France, where he achieved many great feats of Arms. Anno. 13. M date 1434 Roger Otley Grocer S Th. Barnwell Simgnd Eyre This year was a great frost, that such A great frost marchandi●e as came to the Thames mouth, was carried to London by land. This frost endured from the xxv day of November unto the ten day of February, which was ten weeks. Anno. 14. M date 1435 Hen. Frowike mer. S Th. Catworth Ro. Clopton Charles of France recovered the city of Paris, and wan by force the town of Harflew, and of saint Denis expelling and murdering the Englishmen in great number. Anno. 15. M date 1436 john Michael Fishmonger S Th. Worsted William Gregory This year on the third day of january, died Queen Catherine mother to king Henry the sixth, and wife to Henry the fifth, and lieth buried at Westminster. This year on the fourteen day of january A part of London bridge fell down. the gate of London bridge with the tower upon it next to Southwark fell down, and two. of the furthest arches of the said bridge: but as god would no man therewith perished. This year all the lions in the tower of London died, which had been there a long time▪ Anno. 16. M William Eastfield Mercer S date 1437 William Chapman William Hallio The king caused a great obite to be kept in Paul's church, for Sigismond the Emperor, who was knight of the Garter. Anno. 17. M Stephen Browne Grocer S date 1438 Hugh Dycker Nicholas You This year on new years day, a stack Three men slain of wood fell down at Baynard's castle, and flew three men, and hurt mainy other. There was so great a dearth in England, Great dearth. that the poor people made them bread of fetches, peason, & fern roots. This year by the fall of a stair at Xviii. persons murdered. Bedford xviii persons were slain. In this year the Cundite in Fleetstreet was begun by sir William E●●field The conduit in Fletstret builded late Mayor of London, & finished of his own cost, without any one penny charge to the city. This year died Robert Chicheley An obite for master Robert Chicheley. grocer, and twice mayor of London, who willed in his testament, that upon his mind day, a good competent dinner should be ordained for .2400. poor men, house holder's of the City, if they might he found, and .xx li in money distributed amongst them, which was to every man ii d. Anno. 18. M date 1439 Robert Large Mercer S Robert Martial Philip Malpas A priest was burned at the Tower hill on the xvii day of june, which of Execution at Tower hill. the common people was counted an holy man, for that he said, the postern should sink, and such like things: they made their prayer to him, and arreared a great heap of stones, and pight there a Cross by night, until a commandment was given by the king to the contrary. The postern of East Smithfielde against the tower of London sank by The postern sank night vii foot into the earth, the. xvii● of july. Anno. 19 M john Paddisley goldsmith S john Sutton date 1440 William Wetinghale Elinor Cobham wife to Humphrey duke of Giocester, Roger Bolinbroke aconning necromancer, and Margery jourdemain commonly called the witch of Eye were accused, that by sorcery & enchantmentes, they practised the kin▪ ge death, as by an image of wax, why the through their devilish incantations should little & little waist and consume, and so like wise the king to wear out of his life. Wherefore being examined & convict, Elinor Cobham was judged to do penance, as to bear a taper iii days, through the chiefest streets of the City of London, and so to be exiled to the Isle of Man, Roger Bolinbroke was diawen hanged and quartered at Execution Tiborn, and Margery jourdmayn the witch was burnt in Smithfield. Anno. 20. M Ro. Clopton Draver S Wil Combis date 1441 Rich. rich This year was a fray in Fleetstreet A great fray in Fletstret between the Inns of Court, and the inhabitants of the same street: which fray began in the night, and continued till the next day where were many men slain and hurt on both parties. Anno. 21. M date 1442 john Thirley iron-monger S Tho. Bewmount Ri. Nordon The steeple of Paul's church in London Paul's steeple a fire. was set on fire with lightning, & lastly quenched by great diligence of many men: but chief through the labour of a priest of Bow in cheap. Anno. 22. M date 1443 Thomas Catworth Grocer S Nicolas Wilford john Norman An act was made by the Common counsel of London, that upon the sunday should no manner of thing within the franchises of the City be bought of sold. Anno. 23. M date 1444 Henry From wick Mercer S Stephen Foster Hugh Wyche King Henry took to wife Margaret, the kings daughter of Sicily. Henry Chicheley bishop of Cantorbury All Souls college and bernard college built. died, who in his life time builded two houses for students in the university of Oxenford, called All Souls college, and Bernard college. Anno. 24. M Symond Eyre dra. S date 1445 john▪ Derby Godf. Filding This Simond Eyre builded the Leaden Leaden hall builded. hall in London, and also a beautiful chapel in the east end of the same. Anno. 25. M john Only mercer S date 1446 Robert Horn Godf. Boloyne Humphrey duke of Gloucester, and Humfraye duke of glocester arrested. protector of England was at the parliament of Bury, arrested, and vi days after he was found dead in his bed. He was buried at saint albans. William Wams. etc bishop of Winchester Marry Magdalen college builded. and Chancellor of England erected the famous college of Mary Magdalen in Oxenford. Anno. 26. M john Gidney draper S date 1447 Wil Abraham Tho. Scotte This year was taken the town of Fogers from the Englishmen, which was the cause that Normandy was lost afterward. Anno. 27. M Stephen Brown grow S date 1448 Wil Catlow Rouen yielded Wi. Marlowe This year Rouen was yielded to the French king. Anno. 28. M Tho. Chalton mercer S date 1449 Wil Hulyn Th. Caninges The Marquis of Suffolk was banished the land for .v. years who failing toward France, was met on the sea by A murder a ship of war, and there presently beheaded, by the capitain called Nicholas of the tower, & the dead corpse cast up at Dover upon the sands. The commons of Kent in great number▪ A commotion in Kent by jacke Cade assembled on black Heath, having to their captain jack Cade, naming himself Mortimer. Against whom the king sent a great army, but by the said rebels they were discomfited, and sir Humphrey Stafford and William his brother with many other slain: After this victory the captain and rebels came to London and cut the ropes of the draw bridge, and entered the city, and struck his sword on London stone, saying: Now is Mortimer lord of this city. Upon the third day of july, he caused the Lord Say to be brought to the Guild hall of London there to be arraigned: Which before the kings justices, desired to be tried by his peers, but the captain perceiving his delay: by force took him from the officers, and at the standard in Cheap smote of his head. He also beheaded sir james Cromer at the miles end: And pitching these two heads on two polle● entered the City: and in despite caused them (being borne before him (in every street to kiss together. After this murder, succeeded open robbery within the city: But the Mayor and other sage Magistrates, perceiving themselves, neither to be sure of goods nor life, determined to repulse this ungracious company, and sent to the Lord Scales, keeper of the tower, who promised his aid, with shooting of ordinance: and Matthew Gough was appointed to assist the Mayor: so the captains of the City took upon them in the night to keep the bridge, prohibiting the kentishmen to pass. The rebels hearing the bridge to be kept, ran with great force to open that passage: where between both parts was a fierce encounter. The rebels drove the Citizens from the stoulpes at the Bridge foot, to the draw bridge, and set fire on divers houses: In conclusion, the rebels got the draw bridge, and drowned and flew many. This conflict endured till ix of the clock in the morning, in doubtful chance: so that both parts agreed to desist from fight till the next day, upon condition that neither Londoners should pass into Southwark, nor the Kentishmen into London. Then the archbishop of canterbury being Chancellor with the bishop of Winchester, passed into Southwark, where they shelved a general pardon for all oftenders, under the kings great seal, which they caused to be proclaimed, whereupon the whole multitude retired home: but through a proclamation being made, that who so could apprehend the said jacke Cade, should have a thousand marks, one Alexander Iden found him in a garden, who in his defence slew the said jacke Cade and brought his body to London, where his head was set on London bridge. The Bishop of Salisbury was murdered The bishop of Salisbury murdered by the commons of the west country. Anno. 29. M date 1450 Nicolas Wiford Grocer S john. Middleton. William Dere The whole duchy of Normandy was yielded to the french king by means of the Queen, and the duke of Somerset: which caused so much trouble in England, that mortal war ensued. Anno. 30. M William Gregory Skinner date S Matthew Philip Christopher warton A commotion began this year by the The Duke of York began a commotion. duke of York, and other noble men, which was appeased for a time, and the malice dissembled. Anno. 31. M Gddfrey Felding Mercer date 1452 S Richard Lee Richard Alley This year the Queen was delivered of a Prince, who was called Edward. Anno. 32. M john Norman Draper date 1453 S john Walderne Thomas Coke Before this majors year, the mayor The mayor of London first rowe● to westminster. sheriffs, and commons were wont to ride to westminster, when the Mayor should take his charge: but this mayor was rowed thither by water: For the which, the watermen made of him a song, beginning, row the boat Norman. etc. The fire of envy that a good space had covertly smouldered between the Duke of York, and the duke of Somerset, with other of the queens counsel, at this time broke out in hot & fierce flames of wars. In so much● that between the King, who defended these persons, and the Duke of York, with his allies, at saint Albon a cruel Battle at S. Albon battle was fought: In the end whereof the victory fell to the duke of york. And on the kings party was stain the Duke of Somerset, the earl of Northumberland, the Lord Clyfford, with many other honourable men, knights and squires. After which time, the Duke with great reverence brought the King from Saint Albon to London. Where by a Parliament, he was made protector of the realm: the Earl of Salisbury Chancellor, and the earl of Warwick Captain of calais. Anno. 33. M date 1454 Stephen Foster fishemonger S john Field William Taylor. This year in London was a great Fray in London by sainctuarye men. fray at saint martin's le grand, by saintuary men, who issued forth and hurt divers citizens: but it was appeased▪ by the Mayor and other. There was such grievous complaints made thereof to the king by the Dean of Saint martin's, that the liberties of the city werin peril to be seized. Anno. 34. M William Marrow Grocer date 1455 S john Young Thomas Oulgrave By means of the Quen● and other lords, the duke of York was discharged of his protectorship: which thing was cause of new grudge and malice. A great riot committed in London against A riot against the Lombard● the lombards and Italians, because a mercer's servant was cast in prison for striking an Italian. Anno. 35. M Thomas Canyngs Grocer date 1451 S john Steward Ralph Derney At Erith within xii miles of London Great fishes taken were taken four wonderful fishes: where of one was called Mors Marina, the second a sword fish, the other two were whales. A Fleet of frenchmen landed at Sandwich spoiled. Sandwiche, & spoiled the town with great cruelty. Anno. 36. M Godfrey Boleyne Mercer date 1547 S William Edward Tho. Rayner A sained agreement was made between the King, the Queen, and the Duke of York with his retinue● for joy whereof a general procession was celebrate in A general procession. saint Paul's at London. At which solemn feast, the king in habit royal, and his diadem on his head, kept his state in procession: before whom went hand in hand, the Duke of Somerset, the Earl of Salisbury, the duke of Excester, and the earl of Warwick: and so one of the one faction, an other of the other sect. And behind the king, the duke of York led the Queen▪ with great familiarity to all men's sights. But woe worth dissimulation: for their bodies were joined by hand in hand, whose hearts were far in sunder, as appeared shortly after. Anno. 37. M date 1458 Thomas Scotte Draper S Ralph jossolyn Richard Medtham The noble Science of printing was found in Germany ac Magunce byone The science ●f printing ●●stinuen●d. john Cuthenbergus, a knight: he found moreover the Ink by his device, that printers used xvi. year after printing was found, which was the year of our Lord. 1458. one Conradus an Almain brought it into Rome: & Nicolas john son a french man did greatly polished & garnish it. And now it is dispersed through the whole world, as saith Poli●ore Dirgile. William Caxton mercer o● London first brought it into England: about the year of our Lord. 1471. and first practised the same in the abbey of saint Peter at Westminster. The duke of York, the Earls of Salifburye and Warwick, with a great Bloreheat field. host met the king and other lords of England upon Blore heath near to London: where because Andrew Trollop a captain of calais, the night before the battle should have been, fled with a company of the best soldiers to the Kings part. The Duke of York, the Earls of March, Salisbury, and Warwick, mistrusting themselves to be to weak, departed with a privy company, and fled: The Duke into Ireland, the three earls into Gerneseye, and after to calais without any notable battle. Anno ●38. M William Hulyn fishemonger date 1459 S john Plummer joh. Stocker The iii earls coming from Calais with a puissant army, the ix day of July met king Henry at Northampton, & gave Battle at Northampton. him strong battle. In the end whereof, the victory fell to the Earls, and the kings host was dispersed, chased, and many slain: among which was the Duke of Buckingham, the Earl of Shrewesbury, the lord Egremount, with other, and the king taken in the field. The duke of york returning into The Duke of York made claim ●o the crown England, made such claim to the crown, that by consent of a parliament he was proclaimed heir apparent, and all his progeny after him. The queen in this mean time, had gathered a company of Northern men: & near to a town in the North, called Battle at Wakefield. Wakefield, in a cruel fight discōs●ted & slew the Duke of York, with his son the earl of Rutland, the earl of Salisbury, was taken prisoner with divers other noble men. Anno. 39 M date 1460 Rich. Lee Grocer S Rich. Fleming john Lamberde The Queen with her retinue near Second battle at▪ S. albons. saynet Albon, discomfited thee▪ earl of Warwi●e and the Duke of Norfolk & delivered king Henry her husband. Edward, Earl of March, and eldest son to the Duke of York: came up to London with mighty power of Marchemen, accompanied with the Earl of Warwick, and by agreement of a council was proclaimed king of England, and called Edward the fourth: Shortly after, he pursued king Henry toward York, Battle a Sherborn where he gave a sore battle to the king and his company. This fight was so cruel and fierce, that in the fight and chase were slain xxx thousand of the commons beside men of name: the which were the Earls of Northumberlande, and Westmoreland, King He●ry rain t●flie the ●ā● the lord Clyfford, Andrew T●●llep, and other, to the numbered of eleven. And king Henry lost all, and was fain to flee the land, when▪ he had reigned eight and thirty years vi months and four days. And Queen Margarete with the young prince, fled to her father, the duke of Angeowe. ¶ King Edward the fourth. Anno Regni i date 1460 FOward the fourth, began his dominion over this Realm of England, the fourth day of March, in the of our Lord. 1460. and left▪ the same the ix. day of april, in the year 1483. so he reigned. xxi●. years, one month and five days. He was a man of noble courage & great wit: but in his time was much trouble▪ and unquietness in the Realm. Anno. 1. M date 1461 Hugh Wiche grocer. S john Looke George Ireland This year the Staplers of Caleis demanded of king Edward xviii thousand pounds, which they had lent him to maintain his wars against king Henry: but their suit was finally regarded, and lastly denied. Anno. 2. M date Thomas Cook Draper S William Hampton Barth● james Margarete the Queen, and wife to Henry the sixth, landed in England, but having small succour and evil fortune: was say to take the seas again, and by tempest of weather, was driven into Scotland. Anno. 3. M matthew philip goldsmith S Robert Basset date 1463 Thomas Muschampe The lord Montague, having the Battle▪ at Exham. rule of the North, discōs●ted king Henry, coming out of Scotland with a great power, to recover the crown: this is called the battle of Exham, in which were taken the Duke of Somerset the lord Hungerford, the lord Roas, which were after put to death with many other. King Edward was secretly married to Elisabeth Grace, late wife of six john Grace. For which marriage rose great variance between the king and the earl of Warwick, his chief friend and maintainer. This year was king Henry taken in King Henry taken prisoner. a wood in the north country, by one named Cantlowe, and arrested by the earl of Warwick, and presented to the king Edward, and sent to the tower, where he remained long after in the Dungeon. Anno. 4. M Ralph josselyn draper S date 1464 john Tate john Stone This year the king ordained a new New coin coin, as the rial, the angel, the half angel, and the farthing: rials were x. ●. the angel vi ● viii d. And the groats were made of less value than they were by viii d. in an ounce. The silver that before was at ii ● viii d. the ounce, was now enhanced to iii ● iiii▪ d the ounce, and fine gold that before was xxx ●. the ounce, was now enhanced to xl ●. the ounce. And this year was queen Elizabeth crowned at Westminster on whitson●ay, or the xxvi day of May. Anno. 5. M date 1465 Ralph Verney Mercer S Sir Hen. Wever William Constantine This year the xi day of Februarye, the queen was delivered of a daughtenr who was named Elizabeth. Anno. 6. M date 1466 S. Io. Young Groce: S john Brown Henry Brice john Derby Alderman, for that he refused to pay for the carriage away of a dead dog lying at his gate, and for unmeet language, which he gave unto the Mayor, was by a court of Aldermen assessed with the fine of five pound which he paid every penny. Anno. 7. M Thomas Owlegrave Skynne● S date 1467 Humf. Heyforde T. Stalbrok Sir Thomas Cook alderman of London, was accused of treason, and arraigned of the same, and found not guilty: but yet by reason of the Lord Treasurer, who was not his friend, he was detained in prison, and could not be delivered, until he had fined▪ with the king for. 8000. pounds, which he paid. A great jousts was in Smythfielde, between the lord Scales, and the bastard of Burgoyn. Anno. 8. M William tailor Grocer S date 1468 Simon Smith William Hariot This William Tailor Mayor of London Charitable deeds of William tailor. afore named, gave to the City of London certain tenements, for the which the city is bound to pay for ever, at every fifteen to be granted to the king, for all such people as shall dwell in Cordwainer street ward, that shallbe sessed at xii d. the piece, or under Which charitable work ought not to be forgotten, but remain in remembrance to the example of them, who are able to do the like. The grudge which the earl of Warwick had conceived against king Edward for the foresaid marriage, declared itself openly▪ so that he adjoined him with the duke of Clarence the kings brother, and by their means stirred so the Northern men, that they divers times rebelled, and turned the king and the realm to much trouble. But shortly the king demeaned himself, that the Battle at Badbery. rebels were suppressed. Wherefore the earl of Warwick perceiving his part to be weakened, fled with the duke of Clarence, and other into France. Anno. 9 M date 1469 Richard Lee grocer S Rich. gardener Robert Drop The Duke of Clarence, the Earls of Warwick, Pembroke, and Oxenford, landed at Darthmouthe, to whom by means of▪ proclamations, that were published in the name of king Henry, the commons gathered in so great companies, that Edward fearing his part, ●. Ed. fled into Flanders. fled into Flanders to the Duke of Burgoyn. Then was Henry the sixth set at liberty, and again proclaimed king by means of the earl of Warw●ke and other▪ & Edward proclaimed vsurpe● of the Crown: but that continued not long. The earl of Worcester was beheaded at the tower hill. Execution. Anno. 10. M Io. Stokton mercer S date 1470 john Crosby john Warde Queen Elisabeth wife to Edward the fourth, being in the sanctuary of Westminster, was delivered of a price, who afterward was Edward the fifth. King Edward being returned out of Flaunders, arrived in the north part of England, with a very small company of soldiers: but by means that he used, and through his brother the duke of Clarence, who turned now to his part, he came so puissant to London that he entered the city, and took king Henry Ba●nettte field on Ester day. in the bishops palace, and then went against the earl of Warwick, whom he vanquished and slew with his brother Marquis Montague, on Glademore heath near Barnet, ten miles from London. Shortly after, at Teukesbury, he Battle at T●uksbury. overthrew Queen Margaret, the wife of Henry. In which battle was taken the said Margaret, with Edward the Prince her son, the duke of Summer set, and divers other. King Edward again received his royalty, & was taken for king, and uncourteously slew prince Edward son of Henry the vi after he had taken him prisoner. A commotion stirred by the bastard The suburbs without Algate & Bishop's gate burnt. Murder. Faw combridge, and the commons of Kent and Essex, who rob and speiled the suburbs of the city of London and fired Bishops gate and Algate. Henry the sixth was murdered in the tower of London, and buried at Ch●rtsey, and after removed to wyndsor. Anno. 11. M date 1471 William Edward grow. S john aleyn john Chelley The earl of Oxenford was sent prisoner to Guynes, where he remained prisoner, so long as Edward the fourth reigned, which was twelve years in all which time the lady his wife, might never come to him, nor had any thing to live upon, but what people of their charities would give her, or what she got by her needle. Anno. 12. M date 1472 William Hampton fishmonger S john Brown Tho. Bledlowe This Mayor was a good justicer, he punished in his year many ●audes and strumpets, and caused them to ride with ●aye hoods, and made a pay●e of stocks to be set in every ward of the city. date 1473 Anno. 13. M john Tate mercer S William Stocker Rob. Bellisd●● In this year the erie of Ercester was found dead in the sea, between Dover and C●●●●ys. One john Goose, was burned at the Execution at tour hill tower hill for heresy. Anno. 14. M Ro. Drop draper date 1474 S Edmund Sh●w Thomas Hill This Robert Drop mayor of London The cundite in Cornhill enlarged. afore named, builded the east end of the conduit in cornhill. King Edward required of his subjects a benevolence, which they gave him, and so he sailed into France with a great army, to aid the Duke of Burgoyn: but by suit of the French king, a peace was concluded for vii years. Anno. 15. M Robert Basset Salter date 1474 S Hugh Prince Ro. Colwich This mayor did sharp correction upon Bakers, for making of light bread, ill so much that he set divers of them on the pillory, whose names I pass over. Agnes Dainty set on the pillory. And a woman named Agnes dainty, was also there punished for selling of false minged butter. Anno. 16. M date 1476 Ralph Josselyn Draper S Richard Rauson William Horn This year by the diligence of this Part of London wall new built. Mayor, the new wall of London, from Creplegate to bishop's gate, was made as it now is, the Mayor with his company of the Drapers, made all that part betwixt All hallows church in the same wall and bishops gate, of their own proper costs: and the other companies made the other deal, which was a great work to be done in one year, considering the purveyance of the stuff. Anno. 17. M date 1477 Humphrey Heyforde Goldsmith S Henry Colet John Stocker This year the Duke of Clarence second brother to the king, being prisoner in the ●ower, was secretly put to death, and drowned in a barrel of malnesey, within the said tower. Anno. 18. M Richard gardener Mercer date 1478 S Roberte Herding Robert Byfelde This year was a great dearth, and Great pestilence. also a great death at London, and in divers▪ other parts of this realm. Anno. 19 M Bartholo. James Draper date 1479 S Thomas Jlam John Warde This year at Tower hill were four Execution felons hanged and burned for robbing of a church. Anno. 20. M John Browne Mercer date 1480 S William Daniel William Bacon This year the king required great sonnnes of money to be lent him of the citizens of London, who after divers assemblies granted to lend him 5000 mark, which was repaid again in the next year following. Anno. 21. M William Hariate Draper date 1481 S Robert Tate Will. Wiking Rich. Chawry This year the Scots began to stir, against whom king Edward sent the Duke of Gloucester, and divers other, which returned again without any notable battle. Anno. 22. M date 1482 Edmond shaw goldsmith S Wil White john matthew King Edward making great provision for war into France, ended his life the ix of April, in the year of our Lord. 1483. when he had reigned xxii. years. ●. month and .v. days. He was buried at windsor, leaving after him two sons, Edward the prince, & Richard Duke of York, with .v. daughters, as Elizabeth that after was queen, Cicelie, Anne, Ratherin, & Bridget. King Edward the fifth. Anno Regni i date 1483 EDwarde the fifth, of the age of eleven years began▪ his reign over this Realm of England the ninth of April, in the year of our Lord. 1483. & was murdered by Richard Duke of Gloucester, the same year the xxii day of june, so he reigned ii months and xi. days. This Edward was never crowned, but cruelly murdered by Richard duke of Gloucester his unnatural uncle; who after usurped the crown and was called Richard the third. King Richard the third. Anno regni. 1. date 1483 RIchard the third brother to Edward the fourth, through many cruel deeds lastly obtained the Crown of England. first to compass his wicked and devilish purpose: He put to death those noble men, which he thought would not consent to his mind in all things: the other he corrupted Queen Elizabeth took sainctuarye at westminst. with rich gifts: then by his untruth and falsehood, he wrested from the queen Elizabeth (being then in saintuarie) Richard her younger son, and brother to the Prince: Thirdly he caused to be published at Paul's Cross, by one doctor shaw that Edward the fourth, his elder brother was not rightly begotten of his mother, but by adultery: and therefore that neither he, nor his children had right to the crown: or as some writ, he caused to be published, that the prince and his brother were not rightefully begotten of Queen Elizabeth: and therefore the right of the crown to be his, which he took upon him, and shortly thereupon shamefully murdered the two young Murder. children in the tower of London, and usurped the crown two years and two months. Anno Regni. 1. M date 1483 Robert Bilis●ō hate● dasher S Tho. Norland William Martin Grudge began between King Richard the third, and his near friend the duke of Buckyngham: in so much that for displeasure thereof, the Duke conspired with divers other noble men against him, and intended to bring into the land Henry earl of Richmond, as rightful heir to the crown. This Henry had fled into Britain, fearing the cruelty of Edward the fourth: for which conspiracy, the said Duke of Buckyngham with divers other, was short lie after taken and put to death. Anno. 2. M Thomas hill Grocer S date 1484 Richard Chester Tho. Britain Ralph Astrie The noble prince Henry earl of Richmount, with a small company of frenchmen, landed at Mylford haven, nigh Pembroke, whose coming when it was heard of in Wales, divers noble men with their retinue, forsaking Richard, gathered to him in great number: so that his strength in short space greatly increased. At a village near to Leicester, called Bosworthe, he met with his enemies: where between them K. Richar● slain in the field. was fought a sharp battle: In conclusion, king Richard with divers other, was slain, and Henry obtained a noble victory: After which conquest, he was immediately crowned king of England in the field: and the dead corpse of king Richard was brought to Leicester, and there buried at the Stay friars church. King Henry the seventh. Anno Regni i date HEnry the seventh began his reign over this Realm of England the xxii. day of August, in the year of our Lord. 1485. and deceased in the year. 1509 the xxii. day of Apryll: So he reigned xxiii. years, & viii months: he was a prince of marvelous wisdom and policy, and of great justice, temperance and gravity. He so behaved him in the time of his reign, that notwithstanding many and great occasions of trouble unquietness and war, he kept his realm in right good rule & order. Wherefore he was greatly esteemed and reverenced of foreign princes. This year master Thomas Ilam, Alderman of London, and merchant of the Staple, new made the great conduit in Cheap of his own goods. This year was the sweeting sickness, of the which a wonderful multitude died: And in London besides other, there died Thomas Hill Maior, on the xxvii day of September, in whose place was chosen sir William Stocker Draper, who received his oath at the utter gate of the tower of London: but he likewise deceased about seven days after, in the which seven days, departed other four aldermen, as Thomas Ilam, richard Rawson, Thomas Norlande, and john Stocker, brother to Sir William Stocker. And then was chosen for Mayor, john Warde Grocer, who continued that office the full of Thomas hills year, that is to say, till the feast of Simon and jude. Anno. 1. M Hugh Brice goldsmith S date 1485 john Tate john Swan The xxx day of O●●ober, the king was solemnly crowned at westminster. The King ordained a numbered of first ye●●men of th● guard. chosen Archers, and other strong and hardy persons, to give daily attendance on his person, whom he named ●●omen of his guard. The King sent the Lord treasurer with master Bray and other, unto the Lord Maior of London, requiring him and his Citizens of a priest o● vi M. mark: wherefore the Mayor with his brethren and common counsel of the City, assembled themselves, and by their authority was granted a priest of. MM. pounds, the which was levied of the f●llow ships, and not of the wards: for the more ease of the poor people. This year the beautiful Cross in ●he cross Cheap ylded. Cheap was new builded and made. Toward the building whereof, Thomas fisher mercer, gave vi C. marks This year wheat was at three ●. the bushel, bay salt at ii ● viii d. and iii. ●. the bushel. Anno. 2. M date 1486 Sir Henry Colet Mercer S john Percival Hugh Clopton This year the king married Elisabeth Henry ●aried 〈◊〉 Elisa●●th. elder daughter of Edward the fourth: by which means the two families of York and Lancaster, the which had long caused division, was knit together in one. About this time Francis Lovel, and Humfreye Stafforde rebelled in the north: with them was Martin Swart which commotion was quieted by the policy ●●ttayle at ●●oke. of the Duke of bedford, but not without bloodshed: For there was slain the Earl of Lyncolne, the lord Lovel, Martin Swart, and other, above, iiii. thousand. This year was borne Prince Arthur, in the month of September. Anno. 3. M William Horn Salter S john Fenkyll date 1487 William Remington This year was Queen Elisabeth crowned at Westmnster upon S. Katherine's day. In july was an other priest for the king made in the city of London of four thousand pounds, which was sessed on● the craft's or fellowships: shortly after was the third priest of ii M li which was levied as the other, which were both repaid again the next year following These sums of money with many ●o, which his grace borrowed of his lords, and other, was to aid the arch duke of Burgoyn, against the duke of Britain. In the end of this majors year was john Ashsleye, the son of sir john Ashley knight, with ii other drawn from Westminster to the tower hill, and there beheaded. Anno. 4. M Roberte Tate Mercer S date William Isake Ralph Tinley This year was a task of the tenth penny of all men's goods and lands: through which the commons of the north slew the Earl of Northumberlande, wherefore john Chamber their captain with other was hanged at York. Anno. 5. M date 1489 William white Draper S William capel john Brooke This year one Roger Sha●elocke Desperation. a tailor dwelling within Ludgate, slew himself: For whose goods was much business between the kings am ner and the sheriff. Anno. 6. M date 1490 john matthew mercer S Henry Coote Ro. Revel Hugh Pemberton Sir Robert Chamberlain beheaded Execution This year the king required a benevolence, which was to him granted toward his journey into France. This year Creplegate of London Creplegate of London builded. was new builded at the costs & charges of sir Edmund Shaw goldsmith late mayor of the same City. In july was Henry the kings second son borne at Grenewiche. Condite in Gracious street. This year the beautiful cundite in Gracious street was begun to be builded. The stone work whereof was finished in the year. 1494. But the first water ran out thereof, on the xix day of March, in the year. 1503. the xix year of Henry the vii, & not before. Which Cundite was builded of the goods & by the executors of sir Thomas Hill grocer: as it doth appear by certain verses, written on the same Cundite. Thomas Hill knight, late Mayor of this City, With his wife Dame Elisabeth, of their charity, For the love of God, & weal of the commonalty Of their costs only, this thing did edify, Out of the ground, with all things necessary. In this majors time wheat was at xx. d & xxii d. the bushel which was then accounted dear. Anno. 7. M Hugh Clopton mercer date 1491 S Tho. Wood Wil Brown This year king Henry took his voyage into France with a great army to aid the Britons against the french king. Anno. 8. M Wil Martin skinner date 1492 S Wil Purchas Wil welbeck This year was a peace concluded between the kings of England and France, and king Henry returned again into England▪ In the month of january, two pardoners were set on the pillory iii market days, for forging of a false pardon wherewith they had deceived many people, and for that one of them had feigned himself to be a priest, he was sent to Newgate, where he died, and the other was driven out of the city with shame enough. And this year was a fray made upon the Easterlynges or A fray against the Stilliarde men. Stillyard men, by Mercer's servants and other: For the which divers of them were sore punished, and the chief authors were kept long in prison. Anno. 9 M date 1493 Ralph Astry fishmonger S Rob. Fabian john Winger This year wheat was sold for vi d Cheap wheat and salt. the bushel, and bay salt at iii d. ob. the bushel: white herring at ix s. the barrel red herring at iii s. the cade of the best, red sprats at vi d. a cade. and gascoyn wine at vi li. the ton. Anno. 10. M date 1494 Ric. Chawry Salter S Nico. Alwin john Warner This year white herring was sold at xl d. a barrel being good. Perkyn Warbeck which by the Perkyn Warbeck counsel of Margaret of Burgoyn naming himself Richard of York: King Edward's second son, arrived in Kente: where he was driven back by the uplandish men, and other of the inhabitants of the country, with the loss of divers of his Great execution. men: and shortly after were hanged an hundred and threescore persons of the forenamed rebels, in divers and sundry costs of England. The .v. captains were Mountford, Corbet, Whitbelt, Quintin, and Genyne. Anno. 11. M Sir Henry Colet mercer date 1495 S Thomas Kneisworth Henry Summer The Scots broke into the north parts of England by the setting on of Perkin Werbeck, & did much harm to the borderers. Anno. 12. M john Tate mercer date 1496 S john shaw Rich. Haddon By means of a payment that was Black heath field granted to the king by act of parliament) a new commotion was made by the commons of Cornwall: which under the leading of the lord Audeley, with Mighell joseph the black smith, and divers other came to Black heath where the king met with them, & discomfited the rebels, and took their cap ●●ins, which were shortly after, draw● hanged, and quartered: The lord Audeley was beheaded at the tower hill, the xxviii day of june. King Henry sent an army into Scotland under the guiding of the Earl of Surrey, and the Lord Nevell, which made sharp war upon the Scots. A marriage concluded between prince Arthur, and lady Katherine the king's daughter of Spain. Perkin Werbeck landed again in Cornwall, Perkyn Warbeck besieged Excetour. & assaulted the town of Excetou● & other places: but finally he took the sanctuary of Beaudley, and was after pardoned his life. Anno. 31. M date William purchase mercer S Bartho. Reed Thomas windought Perkyn Warbeck endeavoured to steal away secretly out of the land: but he was taken again by his keepers, and by the kings commandment cast in the Tower of London: where after he was showed at westminster, and in Cheap on scaffolds, and stocked, to the great wonderment of many people. This year the English merchants English merchants received with procession. (being long absent out of Flaunders coming into Flaunders with merchandise, were received into Andwarpe with general procession: so glad was the town of their returning, which was by their absence sore hindered & impoverished. Anno. 14. M Sir john percival ●ar. tailor S date Th. bradbury Stephen jenyns At saint Thomas Watering a stripling Execution was put to execution, which▪ called himself Edward Earl of warwick, and son of George Duke of Clarence: which George sense the beginning of king Henry's reign was kept secretly in the▪ tower of London. This year master john Tate alderman S▪ Anthony's church in London built. o● London began to edify S. Anthony's church in London with a notable free school to the same adjoining, and also one alms house for poor people. The. x●i. day of july, being sunday, and the next sunday following xii. persons bare faggots at Paul's cross. This year good Gascoigne wine was sold for xi ●. the Ton: wheat for four shillings the quarter, and bay salt for four d. a bushel, and better cheap▪ Anno. 15. M date 1499 Nicolas Alwyn mercer S james Wylforde Rich. Brond This year the xvi day of November Perkyn Werbecke & other executed. was arraigned at westminster, Parkin Warbeck, & iii other, which Perkin, and one john a ●ater, were executed at Tyburn, the xxiii day of the same month of November. And soon after, on the xxviii day of November was the earl of Warwick put to▪ death at the tower hill, and one Blewet and Atwod at Tyburn. This year was a great death in Great pestilence. London: whereof (after▪ Fabyan), died xx. thousand, but after Hall his chronicle xxx thousand. In May the king and Queen sailed The king and quen sailed to Calais. to calais: and at saint peter's they met with the duke of Burgoin. Anno. 16. date 1500 William Remington fishmonger S john Hawes Wil Stead This year the king builded new his Richmond Bainard's castle and Grenewiche buy it. manor at Shene, & changed the name thereof, and named it Richmont: & he builded new his place called Bainard's castle in London, and repaired his place at Grenewiche, with much other building▪ King Henry trouthplighted his daughter Margaret to james the king of Scots: and thee, 4. day of October landed at Plymouth, Katheryn daughter of the king of Spain. M Sir john shaw goldsmith S date Sir Laurence Ailmer Henry Heed This sir john Shaw mayor of London before named, caused the kitchens and other houses of office to be builded at the Guild hall of London, and since that time the majors feasts hath been there kept: where as before that time they were kept either at the Grocers, or the merchant Tailors Hall. Prince Arthur being but xu years Prince Arthur married. old, was married unto Katherine, daughter to Ferdinando king of spain, the xiiii. of November, which Arthur shortafter departed this mortal life at Ludlow and was buried at Worcester. The ditch of London from Thames to Holborn bridge was new cast: so that boats with victuals and fuelle, & other stuff were brought up to Holborn bridge. Anno. 18. M date 1502 Bartholo. Reed Goldsmithe S Henry Keble Nicholas Nine In this year began the new work The death of Queen Elizabethe of the kings chapel at Westminster, and Elizabeth Queen of England died at the Tower of London in childbed, and was buried at westminster, Shortly after was ●ame Magarete the kings The king of Scots married. daughter, married to the King of Scots. This year the fellowship of Tailors in London purchased a grant of the King to be called Merchants Tayloures. Anno. 19 M date 1503 syr. Wil capel Dra●er S Christo. Hawes Robert▪ Wattes Thomas Granger The xxi day of November, was a dreadful fire upon thee north end of Fire on London bridge. London bridge. And upon the seven. day of january were certain houses consumed with fire against S. Botulphes church in Thames street: & the xxvii day of March was an house burned against saint martin's le grand, and the same day was hurt done with fire in the parish of saint Peter the poor. This year was holden a parliament where was ordained a new coin of silver: A new coin. as groats, half groats, and shillings with half faces: and in the same parliament was granted to the King the lean of. 36000.li. Anno. 20. M john Winger Grocer S date 1504 Roger Achilley. Wil Browne This year the liberties of the City of London were again confirmed. Anno. 21. M Thomas. Kneisworthe Fishmonger S date 1505 Richard Shore Rog. Grove This Thomas Kneisworthe Maior The conduit at Bishop's gate builded. of London, of his own goods, builded the Condite at bishops gate. Moreover, he gave to the company of the Fishmongers, certain tenements, for the which they be bound to find iiii. scholars that study art, two to be at Oxenford, the other two at Cambridge every of them to have. iiii.li. the year for their exhibition. They be bound also to give to xiii. aged poor people of their company, to every of them every week viii. d▪ and to every of them at Bartylmeutide a winter garment of frise, or such like for ever. And also to give to the prisons of Newgate & Ludgate, every year. xl.s. whose notable works by him done, are well worthy of remembrance, and to be followed of others. This year Philip king of Castil and The king of Castille landed in England. his wife, were wether driven into England, as they were passing toward Spain who were honourably received by the Earl of Arundel at the kings appointment with iii C. horses all by torchelight. Anno. 22. M date 1506 Sir▪ Ric. Madden mercer S Wil Copinger Tho. johnson Wil. ●itz Wil. This year the king of his goodness Prisoners delivered delivered out all prisoners in London which lay for. xl.s. and under. Anno. 23. M date 1507 William Browne mercer S William Butler john Ryrkeby In the end of April died William Brown mayor, and for him was chosen Laurence Ailemer draper, who served out that year. This year sir William capel was put in suit by the king for certain things by him dove in the time of his Maioraltye. Anno. 24. M Stephen Genings M. tailor S date 1508 Thomas Exmen Richard Smith This year was begun the goodly The hospitail of the Savoy builded hospital of the Savoy, near unto Charing cross, which was a notable foundation for the poor don by king Henry the seventh. This year died this most noble and The new chapel at Westminsterbuilded famous prince king Henry the seventh which was in the year. 1509 the xxii day of April, when he had reigned .23. years and viii. months, and was buried at Westminster in the new chapel, which he had caused to be builded: and left behind him Henry prince of Wales, wht the after him succeeded, lady Margaret queen of Scots, and lady Mary promised to Charles king of Castille. King Henry the eight. Anno regni. I. date 1509 HEnry the eight, being. xviii. years of age, succeeded his father in the governance of this realm, and began his reign the xxii. day of April, in the year of our Lord .1509. and deceased in the year .1546. the xxviii day of january: so he reigned .37. years ix months and vi, days. Margaret mother to Henry the vii S. john's college and Christ's college builded builded ii colleges in Cambridge, the one called S. john's college, and the other Christ's college: and William bishop of Lincoln builded Brasenos in Oxenford. King Henry married the Lady Katherine King henry married lady Katherine. late wife to prince Arthur. Richard bishop of winchester builded Corpus Christi College in Oxenford. Anno. 1. M date 1509 Thomas Bradbury Mercer S George Monoxe john Doket This year sir richard Empson knight, and Edmond Dudley Esquire who had been great counselours to the late king Henry the seventh, were beheaded at the tower hill the xvii day of August. This year master doctor Colet dean of Paul's erected a free school in Paul's Paul's school builded. church yard in London, and committed the oversight. Hereof to the masters and wardens of the company of Mercers, because himself was borne in London, and son of Henry Colet, who was a Mercer and mayor of London. Anno. 2. M Henry Keibel mercer S date 1510 Io. Milborn john rest Henry, the first son of king Henry was borne on new years day: for joy whereof, a great jousts was kept at Westminster: and on saint Mathewes day following the child died. Anno. 3. M Roger Achiley Draper S date 1511 Ni. Shelton Th. Mirfin Sir Edmond Haward and the lord Thomas Haward took Andrew Barton, and .150. Scots, with two great ships. The xu day of january was holden a parliament, in the which two fiftens and ii tenths of the clergy were granted to aid the king in his wars, that he intended against the French king. Anno. 4. M William Copinger fishmonger S Rob Holdernes date 1512 Rich. Haddon Rob. Fenrother This year was finished the beautiful steeple with the lantern of Bow church in Cheap. The navies of England and France Battle on the sea. meeting at Britain Bay, fought a cruel battle, in the which the regent of England and a Caricke of France being crappled together, were burned and their captains with their men all drowned, the english capitain was sir Thomas Kneuet, who had with him 700. men, in the french carrack was sir Piers Morgan with .900▪ men. Anno. 5. M date 1513 William Browne mercer S john Dawes john Bridges Rog. Basforde King Henry being confederate with the Emperor and the king of Spain, passed with a great power into France where having in wages under his banner the Emperor Maximilian, & all the nobility of Brabant, Flanders & Holland: he discomfited the whole power of Turney & Turwin France, & conquered Turwin and the great city of Turney. In this time the king of Scots, notwithstanding that he was sworn on the Sacrament to keep peace, invaded this land with a mighty army, but by the good diligence of the Queen, and the policy and manhood of the Earl of Surrey the kings Scots field. lieutenant, he was himself slain with xi of his earls, and the Scots discomfited, but not without great loss of Englishmen. Before this time the Towns about London, as Is●ington, Hoxden, & such other had so enclosed the common fields with hedges and dyches, that neither the young men of the city might shoot, nor the ancient persons walk for their pleasure, except either their bows and arrows were broken or taken away, or the substantial persons arrested or indited, saying: That no Londoner should go out of the city, but in the high ways This saying sore grieved the Londoners, and suddenly this year a great number of the city, assembled in a morning, and a Turner in a fools cote came crying through the city: shovels and spades: and so many people followed, that it was wonder, and within a short space all the hedges about the towns were cast down, and the dythes filled, & every thing made plain. When the king's counsel hard thereof, they commanded the Mayor to see that no other thing▪ were attempted, and to call home the citizens, which when they had done their enterprise came home without any more harm doing: and so after the fields were never hedged. Anno. 6. M date 1514 George Monoxe Draper S James Yarforde John Mundye A peace concluded between England and, France, & jews the french king coupled in marriage with lady Mary the kings sister: on new years day following he ended his life, wherefore king Henry sent again for his sister by the duke of Suffolk and other. This year Richard Hun a merchant tailor of London was found hanged in Lollards' tower. Anno. 7. M date 1515 sir Wil Butler grocer S Henry Worley Richard Grace William Bayly Lady Mary king Henry's daughter Lady Mary borne. was born at Greenwich in February. Lady Mary the kings sister before married to the French king, returned into England, and shortly after was married to the duke of Suffolk. Margaret the Queen of Scots, king Henry's eldest sister, fled into England and lay at Harbottell, where she was delivered of a child, called Margaret. In may she came to London, where she tarried a whole year before she departed into Scotland. Anno. 8. M John Rest Grocer date 1516 S Tho. Seimer Rich. Thurston This year was such a frost, that all Great frost. men with carts might pass between Westminster and Lambeth. On May even this majors year, the Evil May day. An. reg. 9 beginning of the ix year of king Henry was an insurrection in London of young persons, against aliens: of the which divers were put to execution, with their captain John Lincoln, a broker, and the residue came to Westminster with halters about their necks and were pardoned. This was called evil May day. Anno. 9 M sir Thomas Exmen Goldsmith date 1517 S Th. Baldrie Richard Simon Many died in England of the sweating The sweating sickness. sickness, and in especially about London: wherefore the term was one day kept at Oxenford, and adjourned again to Westminster. The admiral of France came into England as ambassador with a great company of gentlemen and the City of Turney was delivered again into the French kings hand, for the The city of Turney yielded french. which he should pay vi C. thousand crowns: ann for the castle that the king builded four C. thousand and 23000. pounds turnoys, and a peace was concluded between the kings of England, France, and Castille for term of their lives. Anno. 10. M date 1518 Thomas Myrtin skinner S John aleyn James Spencer This year the Earl of Surrey was sent into Ireland as deputy, and the Earl of kildare was of his office discharged. Anno. 11. M date 1519 sir James Yarforde Mercer S John Wilkenson Nico. Partridge As king Henry was at canterbury with the Queen, in a readiness to have passed the sea, he heard of the emperors coming, with whom he met at Dover, and accompanied him to Cantorbury: where after the Emperor had saluted the queen his aunt: he took shipping into Flanders: the last day of may king Henry passed over to Calais, and met with Francis the French king at the camp between Arde and Buisnes. Immediately after he met with the Emperor, with whom he went to Granelyn, and the Emperor returned with wim unto Calais, where he had great cheer: after which time they departed, and king Henry returned into this realm. Anno. 12. M sir John Bruge Draper date 1520 S John Skevington John Remble In this majors year the xvii day of An. reg. 13. The duke of buckingham beheaded. King Henry first named defender of the faith. May, which was in the. 13. year of the king, was the duke of Buckingham beheaded at London King Henry wrote a book against Luther, and therefore the bishop of Rome named him Defender of the saith. To which book Luther answered very sharply, nothing sparing the authority or majesty of the king. All frenchmen were attached in the city of London, and cast in prison. The v. day of July the cardinal Wolsee road through London to Dover to meet with the Emperor, being accompanied with ii Earls xxxvi knights an. C. gentilmennes viii bishops ten abbots xxx chaplains all in velvet and satin. and. 700. yeomen. This year was a great pestilence & death in London, and other places. Anno. 13. M date 1521 sir john Milborne Draper S john britain Thomas Pargeter This sir john Mylborne builded Alms huoses builded certain almose houses, wherein be placed xiii aged poor people, who have their dwellings rend free, and also ii s vi d. the piece paid to them the first day of every month for ever. Charles the fifth Emperor of Rome came into England, and was honourably An. reg. 14 The Emperor Charles coming to London received into London, by the mayor the Aldermen, and Commons of the City, the sixth of june, the king himself accompanying him: from thence he went to Windsor, and sat in the stall of the garter. After great feasts, jousts and honourable entertainment, he departed to Hampton, and sailed from thence into Spain. During this time the Earl of Surrey Lord Admiral brent Morles in Britain, and then returned into the Realm. Not long after he passed over to calais, and entered Picardy, and brent divers towns and castles. He besieged Hesding, but because winter drew near, he raised his siege, and returned home. Anno. 14. M Sir john Mondye goldsmith S john Rudston date 1522 john Champneis The Lord Rosse and lord Dacres of the North, burned the town of Kelsey in scotland, with four score Villages and also overthrew eighteen towers of Stone, with all their bulwarks. The Emperor Charles king Henry of England, Ferdinando duke of ostrich, the bishop of Rome, the city of Venice, and divers other in Italy were confiderate against the french men. The Turks besieged the Rhodes, The Rhodes taken by the Turks Au. reg. 15. The King of Demmark came into England. and on Christmas day took it, to the great shame and rebuke of Christian men. The xu day of june the King of Denmark, and his Queen arrived at Dover, and the xxii day of june, they came to London, and lay at the bishop of Baths place. The Earl of Surrey burned .37. villages in scotland, and despoiled the country from the east marches to the West, and overthrew divers holds and castles. Anno. 15. M date 1523 Sir Tho. Baldrie Mercer S Mic. English Nichol. jeninges In December at the city of Coventry one Philip, Schoolmaster to the kings hanchmen Christopher Pikering clerk of the Larder, and Anthony Maynuile gentleman, intended to have taken the kings treasure of his subsidy, as the Collectors of the same came toward London, and there with to have araised men and taken the castle of Killing worth, and then to have made battle against the king, for the which they were drawn, hanged and quartered at Tyburn, the rest that were taken were executed at Coventrie. The soldiers of Guines took a An. reg. 16. great booty at a fair in the town of Morguison, and sir Robert jerningham and certain demilances of calais took divers French prisoners. Anno. 16. M date 1524 Sir Wil Bailiff Draper S Ralph Dodmer Wil Roche Clement bishop gf Rome, sent unto The golden rose. king Henry in token of great love, the golden rose. Great triumph in England for the taking of the French king by the Emperor. The Cardinal obtained licence of Cardinal suppressed abbeys. the bishop of Rome, to suppress certain abbeys, to the intent to erect two colleges, one at Oxenford, an other at Ipswich, and to endue than with lands: which colleges he began so sumptuously, that it was not like they would come to good end. King Henry was like to have been King Henry in jeopardy. drowned by leaping over a ditch in following his hawk. This year was the castle or tower, set up at Grenewiche. This year the coin was enhanced Coin enhanced. in England. A murmuring was in all parts of the realm for payment of money, and in Suffolk .4000. men rose against the Duke and other commissioners, which were appeased by the duke of Norfolk and other. A true between England and France for a certain space. Anno. 17. M Sir john Allen mer S john Calton date 1525 Christ. Askew The xi of February, five men of the St●iarde, did penance at Paul's And an Austen friar, called Doctor Barnes bore a faggot at Paul's, the same day there was present at that time the lord Cardinal with xi. bishops, the bishop of Rochester made the sermon against Martin Luther & his doctrine. The same year the sixth day of September, An. reg. 18 Gould enhanced. was a proclamation for gold, the French crown was valued at iiii. s vi d. the Angel at vii s vi d. the Ryall▪ at xi. s iii d. and so every piece after that value. Anno. 18. M date 1526 sir Th. Seymer Mercer S Ste. Peacock Nic. Lambert The third day of july, which was Anno. 19 in the xix year of king Henry, the lord Cardinal of England road toward France, where he concluded a league between king Henry and the French king, which both scent their defiance to the Emperor, and a strong army into Italy, to deliver the bishop, and drive the Emperor's power out of that country. The xu day of july, was one Harman Execution drawn and hanged for coining false gold. This year was such scarcity of Scarsiti of bread. bread at London, and all England, that many people died for default thereof. And the bread carts that came from Stratford to London, were met by the way at miles end by the citizens, that the lord Maior and Sheriffs of London, were fain to go and rescue the said carts, and see them brought to the markets appointed for the same. Anno. 19 M Sir james Spencer Vintner S john▪ Hardy date 1527 William Hollis The first day of November, the lord Peace proclaimed Cardinal with the Ambassadors of France, were at Paul's, and there was proclaimed a general peace between king Henry of England and Frances the french king, during their lives, & twelve months and a day after. The eight day of December, three scholars of Cambridge and one Forster a gentleman of the court, bare faggots at Paul's. The fifth of Ianuarye, the Cardinal General procession with many bishops, abottes, and prior's, went a procession at Paul's, & sang Te deum, for the escaping of the Pope from the Emperor. This year a French Crayer of xxx ton, being manned with xxxviii frenchmen, & a flemish crayer of xxviii ● ship cha●ed to the ●ower wharf. ton, and xxiiii. flemings, meeting at Margate, the one chased the other along the river of Thames to the tower whare of London: where the lieutenant stayed them, and took both the captains and their men. The xvii day of june, the term was An. reg. 20▪ ● sweeting sickness. adjourned to Michaelmas after, because of the sweating sickness that then reigned in London, and other places of this Realm: and also there was no such watch in London at Midsummer, as beforetime had been accustomed. The seven. day of October, came to London A legate from Rome. a legate from Rome, called Cardinal Campegius, who afterward with Cardinal Wolsey, sat at the Black friars in London, where before them was brought in question the king's marriage with Queen Katherine, as to be unlawful, but they long time protracted the conclusion of the matter▪ which delay king Henry took very displ●asauntly: in so much that shortly after, the Cardinal Wolsey was deposed from the Chauncelorship of England. Anno. 20. M date 1528 S. john Rudstone Draper S Ra. warren joh. Long The xxix day of November the parish priest of honey lane, and the usher of Saint Anthonees school, bare faggots at Paul's, and two other bare tapers of wax. The viii day of may, a pouchmaker An. reg. 2● bore a faggot at Paul's. A peace was agreed upon between king Henry of England, the Emperor, the French king, the king of Boheme, and Hungary. The third day A parliament at the Black fires. of October, the king came to his place of Bridewell, and there he and his nobles put on their robes of parliament, and so▪ came to the black Friars, and there sat in their robes, and began the parliament. The xviii day of October, was the Cardinal discharged Cardinal discharged of his Chauncelorship, & the king seized all his goods and his palais at Westminster, called york place into his hands. The xxvi. day of October, was sir s. Thomas more made chancellor Thomas More made chancellor of England, and sworn & kept his room all one day. William Tyndale translated the The new Testament printed in english. new testament into English, and printed the same beyond the seas. Anno. 21. M date 1529 Sir Ralph Dodmer Mercer S Mic. Dormer Walter Champion. Commandment was given by king Henry to the Bishops, that Tyndales translation of the new testament should be called in, and that they should see an other set forth to the profit of the people. The xxiiii of January were iii men Execution drawn from newgate to the tower hill and there hanged and quartered, for counterfeiting the kings coin. The xvi. day of may was a gibbet Anno. 22. Execution set up in Finsbury field, & a man hanged in chains for murdering doctor Miles Dicar of saint Brides. The v. day of July, was one hanged Execution in chains in Finsbury field, for murdering mistress Kneu●ts maid at saint Anto●ins. King Henry, upon occasion of delay Suit to Rome forbidden that the bishop of Rome made in his controversy of divorcement, caused proclamation to be made in September for● biding all his subjects to purchase any thing from the court of Rome. Anno. 22. M date 1530 sir To. Pargitour salter S Wil Dauncie J. chopping The Cardinal being before cast The Cardinal deceased and convict in a praemunire: in November was arrested by the earl of Northumberlande at Cawood, and died at the abbey of Leicester, the. 28. day of November and was there buried. The v. day of April, was a cook named One boiled in Smithfielde Richard Rose, boiled in a cauldron of brass in Smithfield, for poisoning the bishop of Rochester's servants and other. The will clergy of England, being Anno. 23. Clergy in praemunire. judged by the king's learned council, to be in the praemunire, for mainteyningr the power legative of the Cardinal, were called by process into the kings bench to answer: wherefore in their convocation, they concluded a submission, wherein they called the king suprem King ●yrste named supreme head head of the church of England, & were contented to give the king. 100000 li to pardon them their offences, touching the praemunire by act of parliament. The kings palace builded at saint James, which before was a house of sisters. The nineteen. day of Angust a bachelor of law called Thomas Bilney was burned. The xxii▪ day of October, one Partyner a merchant and a glazier, bare faggots at Paul's cross. Anno. 23. M date 1531 ●. Nich. Lambert ●rocer S Ri. Gresham Edw. Altam The xxvii. day of November, was a Execution. monk of Bury burned in Smithfield The. i●●i. day of December, was one Execution. Rice Grifyn a gentleman of Wales, beheaded at the tower hill, and his man hanged, drawn and quartered at Tyburn for treason. The xxvii day of january, a Duche An. reg. 24 Execution. man bore a faggot at Paul's cross, and the last of April, was one Baynam burned in Smithfield. The xxv. day of May, was taken be Great fishes taken. between London and Grenewiche, two great fishes called Herlpoles, both a male and a female. This year, the oath that the clergy Clergy sworn. was wont to make to the bishop of Rome, was made void by statute, and a new oath confirmed, wherein they confessed the king to be supreme head. Sir Thomas More-after suit made Thomas 〈◊〉. was discharged of the Chauncelorship the xvi day of May. And the fourth of june, the king dubbed Thomas Audeley knight, and made him keeper of the great seal. And not long after, lord Chancellor of England. Thomas Cromwell master of the Thomas Cromwell. kings jewel house, began to be in great favour with king Henry, and was now of the counsel. The xv. day of june, were five men Execution. drawn from Newgate to the tower hill, and there hanged and quartered for ●oyning of silver, and clipping of gold. The ●yfth day of july, was a priest Execution. drawn, hanged, and quartered for clipping of gold. Also in july, the king put down the Crichurch put down. Tower of London repaired. priory of Chrichurch in London. In August and September, the king repaired the tower of London. The first of September, was lady Anne Bulleyne, made Marquis of Pembroke at Windsor. The seven. day of October the king went to Caleys and to Boulogne, and came over again the xiii. day of November. Anno. 24. M sir Stephen Peacock Haberda. S date Ric. Reinold john Martin Nic. Pinchon The xu day of December, was a great fire at the bishop of lyncoln's place in Holborn. King Henry who had married the King Henry married lady Anne Boleine lady Anne Bulloyne, on the xii. day of April being Easter eve, next following caused her to be proclaimed Queen of England. The twelfth day of May, one Pavier Anno. 25. Desperation being the town clerk of London hung himself. On Whitsonday being the last day Queen Anne crowned of May, was the lady Anne Bulloyne solemnly and honourably crowned at Westminster. The xvii. day of july, were two A murder Merchants slain on the water of Thames toward Westminster, by one Wolf and his wife. The 7. of September, was the lady Lady Elizabeth borne Elizabeth daughter to king Henry borne at Greenwich, and there christened at the friars church, the x. day of September. The v. day of October, was a Fire at Barnard's castle. great fire at Baynard's castle. The .24. of October, being sunday there was a scaffold set up at Paul's cross and thereon stood a nun, named Anne Barton of Courtopstrete beside Cantorbury, Anne barton two Monks of Cantorbury, two observant friars, the person of Aldermary in London, called master Gold, an other priest confessor to the said Nun, and two lay men: there preached at that time the bishop of Bangor, called the Abbot of Hyde, where he showed their offences, and so from thence they were sent to the tower of London. Anno. 25. M sir Christopher Askew Draper. S date William Forman Th. Kitson This year Pope Clement cursed king Henry and the realm of England. This curse was hanged on a church-door at Dunkirk in Flaunders, and taken down by one William Locke, a Mercer of London. The xxviii day of january, was a A great fish taken great fish taken at Blackewall, called a whale, and was brought up to Westminster to the king to see, and so brought down to broken wharf, and there cut out. Commissioners were sent all over An ' o'th' ●to the king England, to take the oath of all persons to the act of succession, for the refusal of which act, doctor fisher bishop of Rochester, and sir Thomas More late lord Chancellor of England were sent to the tower of London. The first day of April Wolf and his Wolf and his wife hanged. wife were hanged on two gybets, at the turning tree in Lambeth marsh, for murdringe of the two merchant▪ strangers afore named. The xx. day of April were two monks Execution. of Cantorbury, two observant friets, the person of Aldermary in London, and the Nun called the holy Maid of Courtopstrete in Kente: all these were drawn from the tower of London unto Tyburn, and there hanged and beheaded, and their heads set on London bridge, and other gates of the City of London. The xx. day of April all the crafts Oath to the king. and companies in London were sworn to the king, and to the Queen Anne, and their heirs. The, xv. day of May was a great fire Au. reg. 16 at Salter's hall in Breadstret. The v. day of june were all servants and prentices of the age of .20. years, or above, sworn to the king and Queen Anne his wife and to the issue of them. The ix day of july was the lord Datres of the north, arraigned at Westminster Lord Datres of high treason, where he so wittily and directly confuted his accusers, that to their great shame he was sound by his peers, not guilty. The xxii. day of july, was john Frith brent Frith▪ burned in Smithfield for his opinions, and with him on young man called Andrew Hewet a tailors servant. The xi. day of August was all the places Friar houses suppressed. of the observant Friars put down, and Austen Friars set in their places, and the same obseruantes were put in places of grey friars. etc. The thirteenth day of August was a Fire at temple bar. great fire at Temple bar, and much hurt done, and certain persons burned. The xvi. day of August was burned The king's stable brent the king's stable at Charing cross called mews, wherein was burned many great horses, and great store of hay. Thomas Cromwell was appointed and sworn master of the Rolls the ix. day of October. Anno. 26. M Sir john Champneis Skinner S Nic. Lewson date 1534 William Denham. In November by a parliament the Bishop of Rome's authority abrogated. bishop of Rome with all his authority was clean banished this Realm, and commandment given, that he should no more be called Pope, but bishop of Rome, and that the king should be ●eputed as supreme head of the Church of England, having full authority to reform all errors, heresies, and abuses in the same. Also the first fruits and ●irst fruits given to the king. An. reg. 27 tenths of all spiritual dignities were granted to the king. The xxix day of April the prior of the Charter house of London, the prior of Beval, the prior of Exam, and a brother of the same called master Reignoldes, and a priest called master john Hail, vicar of Thistil worth were all condemned of treason, who were executed the fourth day of May, and their heads Execution and quarters set on the gates of the city of London, and at the Charter house of London was set one quarter. The eight day of may the king Polled heads commanded all about his court to poll their heads, and to give them ensample, he caused his own head to be polled likewise. The xxv. day of May was▪ a great examination Examination of Hollanders Execution of heretics, born in Holland there was examined xix men, and vi. women of the same country borne. The iiii. day of june a man and his wife borne in Holland were burned in Smithfield for the arrians heresy. The .18. day of june were .3. monks Execution of the Charterhouse, named Exmewe, Midlemor, & Nudigate drawn to Tyburn, and there hanged and quartered. The xxii. day of june was doctor Bishop of Rochester beheaded Sir Thomas Mor● beheaded Disitation of abbcis fisher bishop of Rochester beheaded at tower hill. The vi. day of july sir Thomas More was beheaded at the tower hill for denial of the king's supremacy. In October the king sent doctor. Lee to visit the abbeys, priories and nonneties in England, & to put out all religious persons that would go, and all that were under the age of xxiiii years, and all such monks canons, & friars that were so put out, the abbot or pr●or should give every one in stead of their▪ habit a priest's gown, and. xl.s. of money. And the nuns to have such apparel, as secular women wear, and to go where they would, he took out of monasteries their relics and chiefest jewels. Anno. 27. M sir john aleyn▪ mercer S date 1535 Humfrey Monmothe john Cottes The xi. day of November was a great A general procession general procession at London by the king's commandment, for the recovering of the French king to his health: The number of copes that were worn in this Procession, was seven hunbred and fourteen. The last day of December, the Names of chantries taken. Lord Mayor of London gave commandment to all parishes in the same, to bring in before him the names of a● the chantries in their parishes, and who had the gift of the same. The viii day of january died lady Lady! Katherine deceased. Small house● o● religion given to the king. An reg. 28. Katherine dowager at Kimbalton, and was buried at Peterborowe. The▪ 4. day of February were given to the king by a parliament with the consent of the abbots▪ all religious houses that were. of .300. mark, and under. On May day king Henry being at a jousts at G●ene which, suddenly departed to Westminster, having only with him ●. persons. The next day An Bulloyne Execution. Queen was had to the tower▪ and there for things laid to her charge, beheaded the xi●. day of May. The same time were apprehended Execution. the Lord Rocheford brother to the said Queen, Henry Noris, Mark Sme●on William Brierton, & Francis weston, all of the kings privy chamber, which also about matters touching the queen were put to death the xxii day of May The twenty day of May, the king married Lady jane daughter to sir john Seymor knight, which at Whitsuntide was openly showed as Queen. K. Henry married lady jane. The viii day of june the king held his court of parliament, & the bishops and clergy of this realm held a convocation at Paul's church in London: where after much debating of many matters, they published a book of religion, entitled, Articles devised by the kings highness. In this book is specially meutioned but iii sacraments, Commotion in Lincoln shire. with the which the Lincolnshire men were offended, and fearing the utter subnertion of their old religion, taised a great commotion, against whom the king did send a strong power, whereof when the rebels had knowledge, they desired pardon, broke up their army, and departed home: but their captains were apprehended and executed. The men of Lincolnshire being pacified, within six days after, began a new insurrection in Yorkshire, for the same causes: for they were persuaded, that all their silver chalices, crosses, sewels, and other ornaments should be taken out of their churches. These people were gathered together, to the numbered of forty thousand, having for their badges, the .v. wounds, with the figure of the Sacrament, and jesus written in the midst, in token that they intended to fight for the maintenance of christian religion. Anno. 28. M date 1536 Sir Ralph Warren Mercer S Rich▪ Paget William Bowyer The xii day of November, sir Thomas Neweman bore a faggot at Paul's Cross for that he song Mass with good ale. The xiii day of November, one master Master Pagyngton slain. Robert Pagyngton, a Mercer of London, was slain with a gun, as he was going to Mass at saint Thomas of Akers. Against the rebels of Yorkshire, the King sent the Duke of Norfolk the Duke of Suffolk, the Marquis of Excester, and other with a great army, by whom after the day and place was appointed to fight, the Captains of both parties had communication of peace: and promise was made to the rebels, that such things as they were grieved with, should be redressed by the kings authority, where with they being contented; departed without bloodshedding. Ask, that was chief of this rebellion, in December came to London, and was not only pardoned, but also received and rewarded with other gifts of the King, but he did not long enjoy his prosperity. About the same time a priest and a Execution. boucher were hanged at windsor, for speaking in the behalf of the yorkshire men. This year in Decembre the Thames Great frost. at London was all over frozen. The third day of Februarye was Execution. Thomas Fitzgarret late Earl of Kildare, & five of his uncles, drawn, hanged, & quartered at Tiborn, for treason In this month of February, Nicolas A new commotion in Yorkshire. Musgrave, Thomas Gilbye, & other, steered a new rebellion, & besieged the City of Carlisle, from whence they were driven, and many of them taken, and put to death. Sir Francis B●got, sir Robert Constable, and other, began an other conspiracy, and for the same were attainted and executed in the month of june following. The xxix day of March being Execution Maundy thursday, were xii men of Lincoln, drawn from Newgate to Anno reg. 29. Tyborn: and there hanged and quartered: Five were priests, and vii were lay men. In june the Lord Darcy, the lord Hussy, sir Robert Constable, sir Thomas Execution Percy, sir Francis Bigot, sir Stephen Hamelton, sir john Bulmer and his wife, William Lomley, Nicolas Tempest, and the abbots of jerneye and Rivers, and Roberte Ask were all put to death: sir Robert Constable was hanged on Beverley gates, Ask was hanged in chains on a tower at York: Sir john Bulmers wife burned in Smithfield, the lord Darcy beheaded at tower hill, the lord Hussey at Lincoln, and the other suffered death at Tyburn. The lord Cromwell was made knight Cromwell of the Garter. In October on saint Edward's even Birth of prince Edward. was borne at Hampton court, Prince Edward: & shortly after, Queen jane left her life, the .14. day of October, by'r, Anno. 29. M Sir Rich. Gresham Mercer S john Gresham date 1537 Thomas Lewen The viii day of November the corpse of the Queen was carried to Windsor, and buried with great solemnity. The xviii day of january a salter of London was set on the pillory for packing and selling of rotten herring, and using of false weights. The xviii day of February ●a servant Execution of my lady Pargetors was drawn, hanged, and quartered for clipping of gold. The xxv day of February sir Allein Execution a priest and a gentleman were drawn to Tyborn, and there hanged and quartered for treason. The xxi day of March Henry Harffam Execution customer of Plymouth was drawn from Newgate to Tyburn, and there hanged and quartered for treason. And one Thomas Ewel likewise was hanged and quartered. The xxii day of May friar Forest was hanged and brent in Smithfielde An. re. 30. Execution for denying the kings supremacy: with him was brent the Image of Daruell Gatherne of Wales. The xxvii day of May was a great fire at saint Margaret Pattens, called Fire in London. Rood lane, where were many houses burned: and ix persons. In july was Edmonde Conyngshe attainted of treason for counter●eating Execution of the kings sign manuel. And in August was Edward Clyfford for the same cause attainted, and both put to execution at Tyburn. The first day of September being The hangman hanged the sunday after Bartilmew fair, was one Cratwell hangman of London, & two persons more hanged at the wrestlyng place beside London, for robbing of a bouthe in Bartylmew fair. In September by the special motion Images in churches taken down of the lord Cromwell, all the notable images, unto which were made any special pilgrimages and offerings were utterly taken away, as the images of Walsyngham, Ipswich, Worcester, the Lady of Wilsedon, with many other, and likewise all shrines. etc. In October and November the abbeys were suppressed, & all friars, monks, Abbeys suppressed. canons, nuns, and other sorts, were rooted out of this realm. Anno. 30. M date 1538 Sir wil Forman Haberd. M Wil Wilkinson Nic. Gybson This Nicolas Gibson sheriff and Grocer of London afore named, builded a free school at Ratcliff, near unto London, appointing to the same school for the instruction of lx poor men's children in learning and virtuous education, a schoolmaster & an usher, with a stipend of ten pound by the year to the master: and vi pound xiii ● four d to the Usher. He also builded certain alms houses, adjoining to the said school, for xiiii. poor and aged persons, such as through impotency and age are not able to sustain the travel and toil of the world: who quarterly do receive vi. ● viii d. a piece for ever. The xvi day of Novembre, was The friars in▪ London suppressed. the Black friars in London suppressed, and the next day the white friars, the next day the Grey friars, and the monks of the Charterhouse, and so all the other immediately after. The xxii day of November, was one Lamberte burnt. john Nicolson, otherwise Lambert a priest, burnt in Smythfield. Also in November, were Henry marquis of Excester, & earl of Devonshire and sir Henry Pole knight, the lord Montague, and fir Edward Nevell, brother to the lord of Burgavenny sent to the tower. The two lords were arrelgned the last day of December, before the lord Chancellor, and there found guilty: the third day after, was arraigned sir Edward Nevell, sir Geffreye Poole, and two priests called Crofts and colyns, and one holland a mariner, and all attainted, and the ix day of january next following, were the said two lords, and sir Edward Nevell Execution beheaded at the tower hill: the two priests and Holland were drawn to Tyburn, & there hanged & quartered, and sir Geffrey Poole was pardoned. The xxii. day of December, a priest, Henry Dance a bricklayer, and an organ maker, bare faggots at Paul's cros. On Ash wednesday, were john jones Execution john Potter, & William Manering, hanged in the prince's livereiss, on the southside of Paul's churchyard, for killing of Roger Cholmeley Esquire in the same place of malice pretended. The third day of March, was sir Execution Nicolas Carew of Bedington▪ in Surrey, beheaded at tower hill. The xxviii day of April, began a An. reg. 31. parliament at westminster: in the which Margaret Countess of Salisbury Gertrude, wife to the Marquis of Excester, Reinolde Poole▪ sir Adrian Foskewe, & Thomas Dingley knight of saint john's, and divers other, were attainted of treason. Foskew & Dingley were beheaded the ten day of july. This year the viii day of may, the Citizens of London mustered at the The great Muster at London. miles end, all in bright harness, with coats of white silk and cloth, and chains of gold in three great battles the number was xu thousand, beside wyff●ers and other waiters: who in goodly order passed through London to westminster, and so through the sanctuary, and round about the park of S. james: and so up through the fie●●e, home through Holborn. The viii day of july, the Vicar of Execution Wandsworth, with his chaplain, and his servant, and f●yer Wayre, were all four drawn from the Martha●sey unto saint Thomas a waterings, and there hanged and quartered. The xvi day of September, Duke Frederik of Bawdry, the palsgrave of Rhine, the Marshal of duke john, Frederick elector of Saxonye, with other, came to London, by whom the marriage was concluded between king Henry & the lady Anne, sister to William the Duke of Cleve. Anno. 31. M date 1539 Sir William Hollis Mercer S Tho. Feyrie Tho. Huntlowe This Thomas Huntlow sheriff before Charitable deeds of Huntlowe named, gave to the company of the Haberdashers certain tenements, for the which they be bound to give to ten poor alms people of the same company every one of them viii. d. every friday, for ever. And also at every quarter▪ dinner to be kept by the masters of the same company, to be given to every one of those ten poor people before named, a penny loaf of bread a pottle of ale, a piece of beef worth four d in a platter with porridge, and four d. in money. The. 14. day of November, Hugh Feringdon, Execution abbot of Reding, & ii priests the one called Rug, & the other named Onion, were attainted of high treason, for denying the king to be supreme head of the church, & were drawn, hanged, and quartered at Reading. The same day was Richard Whitinge abbot of Glastenbury, likewise attainted, hanged and quartered on Tower hill beside his monastery for the same cause. Execution The first day of December, was john Beche, abbot of Colchester, put to execution for the like offence. In December were appointed to wait pensioners▪ first began on the kings highness▪ person. 5●. gen tilmen, called pensioners or spears. The third day of january, was the K. Henry married the lady Anne of Cleve. lady Anne of Cleve, received at Black heath, and brought to Greenwich with great triumph: & the sixth day of the same month, she was married to king Henry The xviij day of Apryl, was Thomas Thomas Cromwell. lord Cromwell, created earl of Essex, and made great chamberlain of England, which ever the earls of Oxenford had before that tyme. The knights of the Rhodes, was Order of the Rhodes put down in England dissolved in England, whereof hearing sir William Weston knight, prior of S. johnes, for thought died the fifth day of May. In May was sent to the tower, doctor Wylson and doctor Samson bishop An. reg. ●●. of Chichester, for relieving certain prisoners, which denied the kings supremacy: and for the same offence was one Richard Farmer Grocer of London, a wealthy man, and of good estimation, committed to the marshalsea, & after in westminster hall was arraigned and attainted in the Praemunire, and lost all his goods. The ix day o● july, Thomas lord Tho. Cromwell beheaded. Cromwell, earl of Essex, being in the counsel chamber, was suddenly apprehended, and committed to the Tower of London. The xix day of the same month he was attainted by parliament and never came to his answer: which law, he was the author of, he was▪ there attainted of heresy and high treason. And the xxviii day of july, beheaded at the tower hill, with the lord Hungerforde. King Henry by authority of parliament Queen Anne divorced. was divorced from the lady Anne of Cleve: and it was enacted, that she should be taken no more as Queen, but called the lady Anne of Cleve. The xxx day of july, Robert Barnes, Execution Thomas Gerrarde, William Ie●ome priests, were burned in Smythfield. The same day Thomas Abel, Edward Powel, and Richard Fetherstone, were drawn, hanged and quartered, for denying the king to be supreme head of the church of England. The fourth day of August, were drawn Execution from the tower to tyborn, six persons, & one led between two sergeants, and there hanged and quartered: o●● was the Prior of Dancaster, an other a Monk of the Charter house of London: master Gyles Horn, a Monk of westminster, one Philpot, and one Carew, and a friar. The viii day of August, was the lady K. Henry● married. Ratherine Haward showed openly as Queen, at Hampton court: which dignity she enjoyed not long. This year was great death of hot burning agues and f●●xes, and such a drought, that wells and small rivers A great drought. were dried up, and many cattle died for lack of water: the sa●te water flowed above London bridge. Anno. 32. M Sir wil Roche Draper S date 1540 William Laxton Mart▪ Bowes The xxii day of December, was Execution An. reg. 33. Egerton and Harman put to death for counterfeiting the kings great seal. In April began a new rebellion in Commotion in Yorkshire. yorkshire, the beginners whereof were shortly taken, and put to execution in divers places: of which Leigh, Tatorsale, and Thorneton, were put to death at London, the xxviii. day of May Execution and sir john Nevell knight, was executed at York. The same day the countess of salisbury, was beheaded in the tower of London. The ix day of june were Damport Execution and Chapman, two of the kings guard, hanged at Grenewiche, for robberies. The xxviii day of june, the lord Execution Leonard Grace, which before was deputy general of Ireland, was beheaded at the tower hill. Execution The. 28. day of june, were hanged at S. Thomas a Waterings, mantel, Roiden & Froudes, gentlemen, for a spoil & murder that they had done in one of the kings parks upon May Morning, the lord Dacres of the South, being Execution in company with them: and on the morrow which was saint Peter's day, the lord Dacres was led from the tower a foot between the two sheriffs, through the city to tyborn, & there put to death. This summer the king took his progress The king's progress. to York. The first day of july, was a welsh man drawn, hanged, & quartered, for prophesying the kings majesties death. Anno. 33. M Sir michel Dormer Mercer S Sir Roland Hill Hen. Suckley The lady Katherine Haward, whom the king had married, for her unchaste living committed with Thomas Culpeper & Francis Derehan, was by parliament Execution attainted. Culpeper & Dereham, were put to death at Tyburn, the x. day of December. The xiii day of February, Execution were beheaded within the tower, the lady Haward (otherwise called Q. Katherine, & the lady Rocheford K. Henry married his sixth wife. And shortly after, king Henry married the lady Katherine Parr, that had been wi●e to the lord Latimer. At this parliament the king was proclaimed king of Ireland, which name K. henry named king of Ireland. his predecessors never had, but were called Lord of Ireland. The ten day of March, a maid was boiled in Smithfield, for poisoning A▪ maid boiled in smithefyeld. many persons. In may, the xxxiiii year of his reign king Henry took a loan of money of all such as were above the value Anno reg. 34. of. 50. pound and up ward. The Duke of Norfolk with an army royal was sent into scotland, where he burned and wasted all the marches, and there tarried without any battle, proffered by the king of Scots, until the midst of November following. Anno. 34. M john Cotes Galter S Henry Hoblethorne Henry Hancotes After the departure of our army from Scotland, the king of Scots made a road into England, & did much harm: but at the last, sir Thomas Wharton. and sir William Musgrave, with a few of the borderers, met with the Scots on saint Katherine's eve, the xxiiii. of November, where (by the great power of God) they being in number. 15000. were overthrown, in which conflict was taken the lord Maxwell, the earls. of Glencarne and Sassilles, with all the captains of the army. And on saint Thomas even the Apostle, they were brought to the tower of London, where they lay that night: the next day following, they were by the kings charge appareled all in silk, and road through the city to Westminster, where they were sworn to be true prisoners, and then were they delivered to the custody of divers noble men, which honourably entertained them. In this season, an Harolde of England, riding on the borders side, to do a message, was met by certain rebels, which cruelly against all law of arms, slew him in his cote armour, but they for this deed, were sent to the king the year following, who executed them for that offence. At Newyear's tide, the Scots that were taken by Carlisle, were by the king sent home again with great gifts, upon condition to agree to certain articles. The third day of june the Abrine a An. reg. 15 lord in Ireland, with divers of the wild Irish submitted them to king Henry, and in july, the said Abrine was created Earl of Clawricarde. This year in july king Henry sent Going to Laundersey over. 6000. men to Landersey, whither also came the Emperor in proper person with a great army, and shortly after came down the french King in proper person with a great army, and offered to give battle to the Emperor, by reason whereof the siege was raised. The xxviii. day of july, were brent Execution at windsor three persons, Anthony Person, Robert Testwood, and Henry ●ilmer. This year was a great death in London A pestilenc● of the pestilence: & therefore Michelma● term was adjourned to saint Albon, and there was kept to the end. Anno. 35. M date 1543 Sir Wil Bowyer Draper S john Toules Richard Dobbes Sir William Bowyer deceased the xiii. day of April, about Easter, and sir Ralph Warren, served out the residue of that year. A road was made into scotland by the garrison there, who burned. 60. villages, and took great prays both of men and beasts. In November, the Englishmen that were sent to Laundersey, came home again. This year being leap year chanced Four eclipses four Eclipses▪ one of the Son the xxiii day of january, and three of the Moon. The beginning of March Germaine Execution. Gardiner, Lark parson of Chelsey be side London, and Singleton, were executed at Tyburn, for denying the king to be supreme head of the church: and shortly one Ashbee was likewise executed for the same. The xxii day of March, the Lord Admiral with a great navy, departed from London towards Scotland. The fourth day of April, a gone Houses blown up with gunpowder. powder house called the black swan, standing upon the east sinithfield, was blown up with other houses nigh adjoining, and therein were burned five men, a boy, and a woman. Upon May day died the lord Thomas Anno. 36. Audeley high Chancellor of England: After whom succeeded lord Thomas Writhesley. The navy sent by the lord admiral with whom was the lord Edward Seymor Earl of Hertforde, the kings lieutenant, and general captain of the army the fourth day of May arrived at Lith, the haven of Edenboroughe, and took the town of Lyth, and spoiled it: Lithe and Edinburgh taken after which they made toward Edinburgh, where at a certain bridge the Scots had laid their ordinance: but by the policy of our Captains and soldiers, the Scots ordinance was won, and discharged against themselves after this the town of Edenboroughe sent unto the army, pretending to deliver the Town upon certain conditions, to the behoof of our King: But when the army entered, they were invaded by them: for which cause the town was destroyed and wasted. King Henry and the Emperou● agreed jointly to invade the realm of France with two great powers. A proclamation made, enhancing Coins in chanced. the value of Gold to the rate of xlviii. ● and silver to iiii. Shilling the ounce. It is to be noted, that at this time the king caused to be coined the base moneys, Base moneys coined. which was called down the fifth year ●f Edward the sixth, and called in the second year of Queen Elizabeth. After the whitson holy days, the Duke of Norfolk, and the Lord privy seal, with a great army took their voyage into France, and besieged Motterell, where they lay until the king had won Boulogne: Not long after, the Duke of Suffolk with many other noble men passed the seas, and encamped before Boulogne on the East side. The xiiii. day of july king Henry King Henry went to ●oloigne. with a goodly company passed from Dover to Casaice, and the 26▪ day encamped on the north side of Boulogne, after whose coming the town was so sore battered with gunshot, and certain of their Towers being undermined so shaken, that after a monethe●s ●●ege the captain sent word to the king, that he would yield the town to his behoof, upon condition that all which were within, might depart with bag and baggage: which conditions king Henry granted, & the Boloigners Boloign● won. departed to the number of. 4454. and the xxv. day of September the king entered into high Boulogne, with the nobility of this realm, and the trumpets blowing: The first of October king Henry departed from Boulogne toward Dover. The ninth day of October in the night the French men came unwares upon the Englishmen in base Boulogne, and slew of them a great number. Howe beit they were shortly hased from thence. Anno. 36. M William Laxton Grocer S john Wilforde date 1544 Andrew judde. This year was taken by the kings ships of the west country, and of the English coast, the number of. 300. french ships, and more. The seven. day of june a great army of An. 37 Frenchmen came near to the haven of Boulogne, and skirmished with the englishmen: and this army began to build a fort, which before they departed they accomplished. word was brought that the french men intended to land in the Isle of Wight. Wherefore the king went to The king went to Portismouth, where wa● drowned the Mary Rose Frenchemen landed at the Isle of Wight Port●smouthe. At which time of the kings abo●e there, a goodly ship of England called the Mary Rose, with sir George Care we the captain, and many other gentlemen, were drowned in the midst of the haven, by great negligence and folly. Certain frenchmen landed in the Isle of Wight, but they were driven away with the loss of their captain and many soldiers. In August the lord Edward Seymor Earl of Hertford was sent by the king into Scotland, with an army of xii. thousand men, where he destroyed divers towns, and greatly endamaged the Scots. This year the xii day of September S. Giles church br●t the Church of saint Gyles without Creplegate was brent. Anno. 37. M date 1545 sir Martin Bowes Goldsmith S George Barnes Ralph aleyn The xxiiii day of November a parliament begun at Westminster, where was granted to the king a subsidy of ii s viii d. of the pound of movable Chantments given to king Henry. goods, and▪ iii●. shilliings the pound in lands to be paid in two year, and all colleges, Chauntreys, and hospitals were committed to the kings order during his life, to alter and transpose, which he promised to do to the glory of God, and the common profit of the realm. About this time the Lord Admiral landed in Normandy, and brent the suburbs of Tr●iport, and divers villages along the Sea coast, and destroyed and took almost all the ships in the haven. The stews & other like borthel houses The stew e● put down were by the kings commandment put down in all parts of the realm. In February should a woman have been burned in Smithfield, for clipping of gold, but the kings pardon came, she being at the stake ready to be burned T●is year the citizens of London levied An. reg. 3● The conduit a●a●g●t● & Lothbury builded. in the city two fifteens for the conveyance of more water to the city: and then was the condites at A●g●te and at Lothbury begun to be builded. This year the xiii. day of june, being ● general procession Whitsonday, a continual peace was proclaimed in the city of London between the king of England and the French king, with a solemn procession, at the time of the proclamation giving land and praise to God: and at night throughout the city great bon ●yers were made. The xrvii. day of june doctor Crom● recanted at Paul's cross. The xvi. day of july were burned in Smithfielde Anne Ask we gent●lwoman, john L●ssels gentleman, Nicolas Execution Otterden Priest, and john Hadland tailor: And Doctor Shaxton sometime bishop of Salisbury, preached at the same fire, and recanted his opinions, persuading them to do the like but they would not. The xxi day of August, came into The admiral of France ●anded at ●he tower ●har●e England to do his duty from the French king, Mounsyre Deneball high Admiral of France, with great Triumph, and also brought with him the S●cre of deep, and xii. galeis well beseen in divers points, and landed at London at the tower wharf, where he was honourably received with many nobles and peers of this Realm, with great shooting of guns, and so brought to the bishop of London's Palace, and lay● there two nights. On Monday th● xriii. day of August, he road to Hampton Court, where the King lay: and before he came there, Prince Edward received him with a company of five hundred coats of velvet: and the prince's livery were with sleeves of clothe of Gold, and half the coat embroidered with gold. And there were to the number of eight hundred horses royally appareled, which brought him to the manor of Hampton court to his father. Anno. 38. M Hen. Hoblethorne merchant tailor date 1546 S Rich. jaruis Th. Curtise In january Thomas duke of Norfolk was sent to the tower of London and condemned to perpetual prison. And shortly after his son the Earl of Surrey was condemned, and beheaded the. nineteen day of january. These things being done, about Execution the end of januarie, King Henry departed out of his life, appointing his ●●st heir to be his young son prince Edward, and the second lady Mary his daughter by his first wife Queen Katherine, and the third, lady Elizabeth by his second wife Queen Anne Bolleyne. Edward the sixth. Anno Regni. 1. date 1546 EDward the sixth, began his reign the xxviii. day of januarie in the year. 1546. when he was but ix years old. He deceased in the year. 1553. the v●. day of july, so he reigned vi years v. months and viii. days. By his father's will were appointed xvi governors and overseers of this young prince, the chief whereof was his uncle earl of Herford who shortly after was made Duke of Sommersette, and Protector of the king and realm: the xix day of February he road solemnly with the nobility of the Realm, from the tower to Westminster, through the City, which was richly hanged, every condite ●onning with ween: with pageants, being richly appareled to receive him at every place, with Orations of S. Paul's church lay at ancre his praise. And on the Southesyde of Paul's churchyard, an Argosy came from the Batt●lment of Paul's church, upon a Cable, being made fast to an anchor, at the De●nes gate, lying upon his breast, aiding himself neither with hand nor foot, and after ascended to the midst of the same Gable, and tumbled and played many pretty toys, whereat the king with the nobles of the Realm laughed right heartily: the xxv of Februarye he was crowned King at Westminster with great solemnity. The Lord Protector with the Images taken down rest of the Counsel, sent Commissioners into all parts of the Realm, ● willing them to take all Images out of their Churches, with them were sent divers preachers, to persuade the people from their beads and such like: Procession forbidden also procession was commanded to be no more used: And shortly after was a parliament, wherein beside other chantries given to the king things, chantries were given into the kings hands, to be used at his pleasure. And also an order taken for the use of the lords Supper, that it should be in both kinds of bread and wine. In August the Duke of Somerset and the Earl of Warwick with a noble army were sent into Scotland: and near to Edenboroughe at a place called Muskelboroughe, the Englishmen and Scots met, where between them was fought a cruel battle. Muskelborow field. The victory fell to the Englishmen, and the Scots were slain above xiiii thousand, and taken prisoners of Lords, knights, and gentlemen xv. hundred. Anno. 1. M date 1547 Sir john Gresham mercer S The. White Robert Chertsey This second year of king Edward the sixth, the watch which in London Anno. 2 had been used at Midsummer, and of long time before had been laid down, was now again used, both on the even of saint john, at midsummer, and on the even of saint Peter next following, in as beautiful manner, and in as good order, as it had been accustomed before tyme. The last day of july, Stephen Gardiner bishop of Winchester, was for a sermon made before king Edward and the Counsel sent to the tower of London, where he remained all this kings reign. This year in London was great A great pestilence mortality by the pestilence. Wherefore a commandment was given to all Curates, and other having to do therewith, that no corpse should be buried before two of the clock in the morning nor after six of the clock at night, and that there should at the burying of every corpse be rung one bely at the least, the space of three quarters of an hour. Anno. 2. M sir Henry ●mcottes fishmonger S date 1548 William. Lock john Olife Sir Thomas Seimer high Admiral of England brother to the Lord Protector, and the kings uncle, had married Queen Katherine late wife to King Henry, she conceiving a stomach against the Lord protector's wife. And thereupon also in the behalf of their wives, displeasure and grudge began between the two brothers, which at the length broke out to the confusion of them both: For the An reg. 3. Execution twenty day of March was the lord admiral beheaded at tower hill. This year about Whitsuntide, and Commotion in Cornewal & devonshire so forth until September, the commons in most part of this realm, made sundry insurrections and comm●tions Amongst whom, divers of the commons of Cornwall and devonshire, rose against the nobles and gentlemen: and in sundry Camps besieged the town of Exeter, which was valiantly defended. Also they of Norfolk and Suffolk Commotion in Norfolk encamped themselves in a wood, called saint Nicholas wood, near unto Norwiche, declaring themselves to be grieved with parks, pastures, and enclosures made by the gentlemen, who required the same to be disparked & set among the commons. Into Deuonsh●re against Humphrey Arundel and his rebels, was sent the lord Russel, lord privy seal, with a number of soldiers. The lord Grace was also sent with a number of strangers, which were horsemen, wherein divers conflicts they slew many people, and spoiled that country. In Norfolk against captain Kite a Tanner, and his company, sir john Dudley earl of Warwick, went with an army: where both he himself and a great number of gentlemen that were with him, meeting with the rebels, were in such danger, as they had thought all to have died in the place: but God brought it so to pass, that as went there as in all other places, they were partly by power constrained, partly by promise of their pardon persuaded to subin●r themselves to their prince, and delivered their chief captains to punishment, but yet after the loss of many thousands of Englishmen. The king of France perc●auinge such sedition and trouble in England, did not omit the occasion, but in the mean time▪ assaulted certain holds about the town of Boulogne builded of the Englishmen for the defence of the same, and namely took the fort called new haven, and thereby much endamaged the English garrison that lay at Boulogne. The loss of this was laid to the lord Protector because he having the chief government of the Realm, did not see those parts better furnished: in conclusion the earl of Warwick, with the consent of other nobles of the Realm, by open proclamation accused him of misgovernement as well in this as in divers other matters. Wherefore when he fled with the young king to Wyndsour castle, they caused him to be fet from thence, and brought as a traitor to the tower of London, the xiiii day of October. Anno. 3. M date 1549 Sir Roland Hill Mercer S john York Richard Turk This sir Roulande hill, to the great praise of his vocation, and to the Charitable deeds done by sir Roland hill. singular comfort of the weal publi●e of his country, erected many notable monuments and good deeds, which were to long here to write. Wherefore I refer them to my summary. Upon a sunday being the nyntene A murder. day of Ianuarye, were murdered in London, between Newgate, and Smythfyelde, two Captains which had served the king in his wars at Boulogne, and other where: the one was called Bambo, the other Filic●rga, both spaniards: this murder was committed by Charles ●auaro a Fleming, whom came in post from Barwike to London to do that act. And being hanged for the Execution same with his three men in Smithfield said at his death, he would never repent it: they were all four hanged on the friday next after, which was the xxv day of january. The xxvii day of january, Humphrey Arundel captain of the rebels in Devonshire, was hanged, drawn, and quartered at Tyborn, with divers Execution other, as Wynslade, Holmes, & Bery, etc. About the same time, Robert Kite, capitain of them that rose in Norfolk with his brother William, was condemned and sent to Norwiche, where the said Robert was hanged in chains upon the top of Norwiche castle. About the beginning of Februarye, As. reg. 4. the Ambassadors of England and France, consulted of a peace to be had between both Realms, which after was concluded. The vi day of February, the Duke of▪ somersault king Edward's uncle, was delivered out of the tower, and the same night he supped with the earl of Warwick at the sheriffs house called master York. The ten day of February, one Bella Suffolk man, was drawn from the Execution tower to Tyburn, and there hanged & quartered for moving a new rebellion in Suffolk and Essex. On monday, being the last day of March, a general peace was proclaimed between the kings of England and France, & in the same peace were included the emperor & the Scots. The xxv day of April, the town of Bulleyn was yielded up unto the french Boulogne yielded to the French. King, and his captain's cook the possession. The ii day of May, one joane Knel otherwise called joane Butcher, or joane of Kent, was burned in Smith field for heresy, that Christ took no flesh of the virgin Mary, but passed through her body as through a conduct. Certain lewd persons attempted a new rebellion in some part of Kent, but they were soon repressed, & certain of the chief, as Richard Lion, Goddard joane bouther burnt Gorran, and Richard Ireland, were apprehended and put to death for the same, the xiiii day of May. Anno. 4. M date 1550 Sir Andrew judskin. S Augus Hind john Lion This sir Andrew judde exected one A ●ree school at Tumbrige builded. notable school at Tunbridge in Kent wherein be brought up and nourished in good learning, great store of youth, as well brought up in that shire, as brought from other countries adjoining. This year upon a thurspay, being Three f●ud● the xvii day of December, the Thames beneath the bridge did e●be & flow three times within ix hours: and the same day & time, the bishop of Wynchester was brought unto Lambeth by water, before the bishop of Canterbury, and other the kings commissioners where were objected unto him certain articles on the kings behalf, and day assigned him to answer. It was enacted▪ that priests children should be legitimate. This year on saint Valentine's day, at Feversham in Kente, one Arden, a An. reg. 5. gentleman, was killed by the consent of his own wife. For this a●●, just punishment was afterward taken upon those that were the ●oers and consenters to the same. The wife herself was burned at Cantorbury the xiiii day of March, the same day two other were hanged in chains at Feversham, and a woman brent: Mosby and his sister Execution were hanged in Smithfield at London. And black Will the Ruffian that was hired to do the act, after his first escape was apprehended and burnt on a scaffold at Flyshing in Sealande. The xiiii day of February, being An Arrian burnt. saturday▪ D. Stephen Gardiner bishop of Winchester, was deprived of his bishopric, and so committed to the tower again. Into his place was translated do●●or Poynet, who before was bishop of Rochester. The xxiiii day of Apryl, being friday, a d●●hemā was burned in Smithfield for heresy, who held the detestable opinion of the Arrians. The. viii● day of May, a proclamation was made, that from and after the last day of August than next ensuing, our shi●lyng of the valu of xii. d should be currant but for ix d. and a groat for three pence: by reason of which proclamation ens●●ed great dearth of all things, for the people coveting to raise the loss of their money▪ upon such kind of wares or vi●tual as they occupied, did daily enhance the price, most miserbaly oppressing the poor. The xxv day of May, being Monday between the hours of eleven & An earthquake. one of the clock at after noon, was ●n earthquake of half a quarter of an ●owre long at Blechyngleye, at Godstone, at Croyden, at Aibery, and at divers other places in Southerye and Myddlesex. The ix day of july being thursday, the foresaid proclamation, which was appointed to take effect the last day of August next coming, was shortened unto this present day, and took effect immediately The first fall of the money. upon the publishing of the same, which was done between ix. and ten of the clock before noon, so that immediately, a shilling went for ix pens, and a groat for iii d, and no word spoken of the small money, as pence and half groats, by reason whereof, there was no small money to be gotten to give the poor people. The sweeting sickness began in London Sweeting sickness. the viii day of july: and the ten day of july it was most vehement: which was so terrible, that people being in best health was suddenly taken, and dead in xxiiii hours, or xii or l●sse, for lack of skill in guiding them in their sweat. And it is to be noted, tha● this mortality fell chief or rather only on men, and those also of the best age, as between xxx and xl years of age: wherefore this nation was much ale●rd of it▪ and for the time began to repent, and remember God. But as the disease in time relented▪ so our devotion also in short space decayed: the first week died in London .800. persons, and then it ceased. The. xvi●. day of August, being monday, The second ●al● of the money. was proclamation made, that the shilling, which of late was called down to ix d. shor● be currant for vi d. the groat two. d. the half groat i d. a penny a ob. The xi day of October, being sunday, the Lord Marques Dorset was created Duke of Suffolk, the lord earl of Marwicke, was created Duke of Northumberland, and the earl of Wiltshire, was created Marquis of Winchester, and sir William Herberte, the master of the horse, was created earl of Penbro●e, & divers men made knights The xvi day of October, being friday, The Duke of Somerset committed again to the tower. the duke of Somerset was brought again to the tower of London, and in the next morning the duchess his wife▪ was brought thither also: & there went also with the Duke the lord grey of Wylton, sir Ralph Dane, and sir Thomas Palmer, and divers other gentlemen of his familiars. An. 5. M Richard Dobbes Skinner S date john Lamberte john Couper The xxx day of October being friday, was proclaimed a new coin of A new● coin. money, both silver & gold: sovereigns of fine gold at xxx ●. Angels of fine gold at ten ●. and divers other pieces of gold of lesser value: a piece of silver of v. ●. and a piece of ii ● uj d. the sterling shilling xii d. and sundry other smaller pieces of money. The vi day of November, being friday, the old Queen of Scots, road The queen of Scots through London and Cheap, with a great company of englishmen waiting on her, after she had lain 4 days in the bishop's place besides Paul's church. The Duke of Somerset arraigned. The first day of December, the duke of Somerset was arraigned at westminster hall, and was there acquitted of treason, but condemned of felony. The vii day of December, was a general Muster of the horsemen, which were in the wages of the nobles of the Realm: and for the which the kings majesty allowed yea●elye for every man twenty pound, the which muster was made upon the causey over against the kings palace at saint james, the number of horse was esteemed to be a thousa●d. The xxii day of january, being friday, Edward duke of Somerset, king Execution Edward's uncle before mentioned, was beheaded at the tower hill. On the twenty day of February, the merchants of the Styliarde at London, An. reg. 6. were put from their privilege of oc●upyinge, which they of long time before had used. The xxvi day of Februarye, Sir Ralph a Vane, and sir miles Partridge Execution were hanged upon the gallows at tower hill: and sir Michael Stanhope, with sir Thomas Arundel, were beheaded upon the scaffold, which four were condemned as accessary in that which the Duke was condemned for▪ The last day of April, through negligence A house ●lowen up with gunpowder. of the gone powder makers, a certain house with three last of powder, was blown up and buent, the said gunpowder makers being xu in number, were all slain at the tower hill, a little from the Minoris beside London on the back side of New abbey. The iii day of August was borne a marvelous strange monster at a place A monster called Myddle●on xi miles from Oxenford, a woman brought forth a child which had ii perfe●●bodies from the navel up ward, and w●re so joined together at the navel, that when they were laid in length, the one head and body was eastward, and the other west the legs for both the bodies grew out at the mids, where the bodies joined, and had but one issue for the excrement of both the bodies: they lived xviii. days, and when they were opened, it appeared they were women children Great fishes taken. The viii day of August, there were taken about Quinborough three great fishes called Do●phines, or by some called Rigs: and the week following, at▪ Blackwall, were vi more taken and brought to London, & there sold: the ●east of them was greater than any horse. The same month of August, began the great provision for the poor in London, towards the which every man was contributory, and gave certain money in hand, and promised to give a certain weakly. The first house which was begun was at the Grey friars in Newgate market. The vii day of October were two great fishes taken at Gravesend, which Great fishes. were called whirlepoles, they were afterward drawn up above the bridge. The xiiij day of October, the bishop of Durham Cuthbert Tunstall was deprived from his bishopric. Anno. 6. M date 1552 George Garnes haberdasher S Will. Garrct john Maynarde This sir George Garnes haberdasher gave the windmill which standeth toward the east in Fins●ery field to the poor almose people of the same company. And also he gave to be distribute to the poor people of the parish of S. Bartholomew the little xviii d. in bread every sunday for ever. The xxi day of November. the children were taken into the Hospital at the grey friars to the numbered of iiii. C In the summer past, king Edward went in progress into the west country, where he had so much exercise of hawking and hunting, as was thought by some to be dangerous unto his health. Toward winter he returned to London, and from thence to Grene which, where all the 〈◊〉 season was passed with much pleasantness and myr●he, until at length in Ianuarye he fell sick of a cough, which ended in consumption of the lights. The twenty day of May iii great ships Voyage to Moscovy. well furnished were set forth for the adventure of the unknown voyage to Moscovia. And ii other ships were sent forth to seek adventures south wards. In May Lord Gylsorde the Duke of northumberlands fourth son, married lady jane the Duke of Suffolk's daughter, whose mother being than alive, was daughter to Mary king Henry's sister. The xxii day of june was a very great & terrible clap of thunder about Great thunder. rii. of the clock at noon, which bet open one of the doors of saint Denyse c●●●●ch in London, & tore of both lock and lining of the same door. King Edward being about the age King Edward deceased. of xvi. years, as is said before, was long sick of a consumption of the lights, & the▪ vi. day of july ended his life. The x. day of july the death of king Edward● was published. The same day in the after noon about fowero● the clock, the Lady jane daughter of the lady Frances, the duchess of Suffolk, which Lady jane was married unto the Lord Gylforde Dudley the fourth son unto the Duke of Northumberland, was conveyed by water to the Tower of London, and between vi●. and viii of the clock in the evening, proclamation was made through out the city, whereby was declared, that king Edward being deceased, by his will had assigned the said Lady jane to be queen, and thereupon so proclaimed Queen of England. This matter was very grievously taken of the common people, and a great numbered of gentlemen, for the ●one they bore to lady Mary, and the right of her title. For when it was heard that the Lady Mary was fled to Framingham castle in Suffolk, the people of the country almost wholly resorted unto her, and in Oxenford sir john Williams: in Buckynghamshire, sir Edmund Peckham, and in divers other places many men of worship, gathered great powers, and with all speed made toward Suffolk, where lady mary was, The xiii day of july by appoint mente of the counsel of the duke of Northumberland, the Earl of Huntingdon, the lord Grey of Wilton, and divers other with a great numbered of men of arms, went to fetch her by force, and was on their way as far as Bury. But the xix day of july, the counsel, partly moved with the right of her cause, partly considering that the most of the Realm was wholly bent on her side: changed their minds, and immediately came in●o Cheapesyde with the king of Heralds, where they proclaimed the lady Lady Mary proclaimed queen Mary, Queen of England, keeping as prisoners in the Tower, lady jane lately proclaimed, and lord gilford her husband: and the duke, returning to Cambridge, on the twenty day at night, being apprechended of the guard, he with other, was brought to the tower of London, the five and twenty of july. Thus was the matter ended without bloodshed, which men feared, would have brought the death of many thousands. ¶ Queen mary. Anno Regni i date 1553 Marry the eldest daughter of king henry the viii began her reign over this realm of England the vi day of july, in the year of our Lord. 1553. and deceased in the year of our Lord 1553. the. 17. day of November, so she reigned .v. years four months & xi: days: she was proclaimed Queen at London, the xix day of july, and the twenty day at the castle of Framyngham: and afterward being accompanied with a goodly band of noble men, gentlemen, and commoners gathered out of all parts of the realm, came to London, and entered the tower the iii day of August In her father's time and brother's time and other were cast into the Tower: some for treason laid to their charge, as the Duke of Norfolk, and the lord Courtneye, some for matters of Religion, as Doctor Tonstall, bishop of Durham, and other: which continued there prisoners at the queens coming: to all these and many other, she granted pardon, and restored them to their forme● dignities. Likewise did she unto Doctor Gardener bishop of Wynchester, whom she set at liberty, made him high chancellor of England, the lord Courtney made earl of Devonshire. The xi day of August certain gentlemen A wherry overturned minding to pass through London bridge in a wherry, were there overturned, and seven of them drowned The xiii day of August one master Bourne a Canon of Paul's, preached at Paul's Cross, whose talk misliked the audience, that some cried, Pull him out, and one threw a dagger at him, which hitting one of the side posts, rebounded back again: & then master Bradforde and john Rogers two preachers of king Edward's time with much labour conveyed the said master Bourne out of the audience into Paul's school. The xxii day of August the duke of Execution Northumberland was beheaded, and with him were put to death sir john Gates, & sir Thomas Palmer called Buskin Palmer knights. The xxvi. day of August in the evening The great Harry. a ship was burnt at Wolwiche, called the great Harry, by the negligence of mariners, she was of burden a thousand tun. The last day of September the queens A man stood on the wethercok of Paul's. highness road through the city to Westminster in most goodly manner, and pagentes in all places accustomed being moste gorgeously trimmed: And as her grace passed by Paul's, a certain duche man stood upon the weathercock with an ensign in his hand, flourishing with the same, very strange to the beholders. And the morrow her grace was crowned at Westminster by doctor Gardiner bishop of Winchester. The fifth day of October began the Parliament at Westminster, and mass of the holy ghost was song. The xxv▪ day of October the barge Gravesend barge. of Gravesend by great misfortune of a catch running upon her, was overthrown and xiiii persons drowned, and xvi. saved by swimming. The xxiii. the xxv. the xxvii days of October were certain disputations in the long chapel at the north doro of Paul's concerning Transubstantiation, but nothing thoroughly determined. Anno. 1. M Tho. White merchant tailor. date S Thomas Offley Wil Hewet The same sir Thomas White, a worthy patron and protector of poor scholars and learning, renewed or rather erected a college in Oxford, that was in S. john's college in Oxford erected great ruin and decay, now called S. john's college, and before Bernard college, endowing the same with lands & revenues, to the great preferment of learning and comfort of poor men's children. The like College also now called trinity college, sir Thomas Pope knight Trinity college erected to his great praise and singular commendation erected, which sometime was called Durham college, appointing for the maintenance of the fellows and scholars like possession. Cardinal Poole, who fled out of England in the time of king Henry, and was in great estimation in the court of Rome, and sent for by Queen Mary to return into his country. The xiii. day of November D Cra●●er Archbishop of Cantorbury, lady jane that was before proclaimed queen, an● the lord Gilford her husband were openly arraigned & condemned for treason. The .v. day of December the parliament was dissolved, in the which parliament all statutes that were made either of Praemunire in time of king Henry the viii. or concerning religion an● administration of the sacraments under king Edward the sixth, were repealed, and the latin service restored as it was in the last year of king Henry the eight: and communication was had of the queens marriage with king Philip the emperors son. etc. The beginning of january the emperor sent a noble man called Ecmondane and certain other ambassadors in to England to make a perfect conclusion of the marriage between king Philip and Queen Mary. The twenty day of january the lord Chancellor with other of the counsel, declared openly unto the queens majesties household, that there was a marriage concluded, between her grace and the king ●f Spain, which should be a great strength, honour, and enriching to the realm of England. This marriage was so grievously taken of divers noblemen, gentlemen & commoners, that for this, and religion they in such sort conspired against the Queen, that if God had not wonderfully prevented them, it would have brought much more trouble and danger. Commotion in Kent For sir Thomas Wyatt in Kente, being one of the chief, about the twenty day of january, gathered a certain company, & much incensed the people of those parts against the queen, saying: That she & the counsel intended not only by alteration of religion to bring in the pope but also by marriage of a stranger to bring the realm into miserable servitude. The Queen sent the duke of Norfolk with a company of soldiers into Kent against Wyatt, where the duke meeting with Wyatt, not far from Rochester bridge was forsaken of his soldiers, and returned to London. Also Henry duke of Suffolk father to lady The du●●of Suffol● proclaimed hi● daugh●ter quen● jane, flying into Leicestershyre, & Warwikeshy●e, in divers places as he went again proclaimed his daughter queen▪ but the people did not incline unto him. Wherefore when the earl of Huntingdon that was sent to pursue him, came to Coventry, the duke having no great strength of men about him, was brought thereby into a straight, and hiding himself ●n a park of his own by Coventry, was bewrayed, and by the earl of Huntingdon brought prisoner to London, and Duke o● Suffolk taken The queen came to the Guild hall in London the same day being the first of February, the Queen came from Westminster to the Guild hall in London: and there after vehement words against Wyatt, declared that she meant not other wise to marry, than the Council should think both honourable and commodious to the realm: and therefore willed them truly to assist her in repressing such as contrary to their duties rebelled. Moreover, she appointed lord William Haward lieutenant of the city, and the Earl of Pembroke general of the field, which both prepared all things necessary for their purposes. Wyste came near unto the City and entered into Southwark, the third day of February, wherefore the draw▪ bridge was broken down, ordinance bend to that part, general pardon proclaimed to all them that would give over and forsake the rebels. After Wyatt had lain. i●. days in Southwark, he turned his journey to King●●on on Shrovetuisday in the morning being the sixth of February, where he passed over the Thames, and purposed to have come to London in the night: but by means that the carriage of his thief ordinance broke he was so letted that he could not come before it was far day. At that time the earl of Pembroke▪ and divers other were in saint james field with a great power, & their ordinance so bend that Wiate was fain to leave the common way, and with a small company came under saint james wall from the danger of the ordinance, and so went by Charing cross unto Ludgate without resistance, and there thought to have be let in. But perceiving that he was disappointed of his Wyatt taken purpose he returned▪ and about temple bar was taken prisoner. Proclamation was made in London that no man should keep in his house any of Wiates faction. And shortly after about the number of fifty were hanged on twenty pair of gallows made for that purpose in divers places in and about the city. The xii day of February Lady jane the duke Suffolk's daughter and her husband lord gilford were beheaded Execution for fear lest any oath should make lil▪ trouble for her title, as her father ha● attempted▪ The xvii. day of February was proclamation made that all strangers should voyde the Realm within xxiiii▪ days next ensuing, upon pain of confiscation of their goods (all free de●●sens merchants, ambassadors and their servants except.) The xvii. day of February Henry Duke of Suffolk was condemned of Execution treason, & the fourth day after beheaded at the tower hill. The. 23. of February, about. 240. prisoners of Wiat's fa●●●●on went with halters about their necks toward Westminster, who had their pardon in cheap▪ The x. of April D. Cra●●er archbishop of Cantorbury, D. Ridley o● London, and Hugh Latimer once by: shop of Worcester, were conveyed as prisoners from the tower of London to Oxford▪ there to dispute with the divines and learned men. The xi day of April sir Thomas Execution Wyatt was beheaded at tower hill▪ and after quartered, his quarters were se● up in divers places, and his head 〈…〉 gallows at Hay hill, where it w●● 〈◊〉 after s●olne away. The 27. of April the lord Thomas Grace, brother to the late duke of Suffolk, was beheaded. William Thomas a gentleman, and Execution certain other persons were apprehended for conspiring queen Mary's death the same William Thomas for that offence the xviii day of May was drawn hanged and quartered at Tyburn. The xxiiii day of May, being the ●east of Corpus Christi, a joiner called john Strete would have taken the sacrament out of the priests hands in Smith field, in the time of procession, but he was resisted, taken & put in Newgate. The fourth day of june was taken Cross in Cheap down all the gallows that were about London. The same day began the cross of Cheap to be new gyldid. The xu day of july Elizabeth a The spirit in the wall wench of the age of xvi or, xviii. years, did open penance at Paul's cross, where she confessed, that she being in●●ced by lewd council, had upon the ●iiii. day of March last passed counterfeit certain speeches in an house, near unto Aldersgate in London, about the which, the people of the whole city were wonderfully molested. The xix day of july king Philip the emperors son, arrived at southhampton, King Philip the four day after he came to Winchester, and there was honourably received of the bishop, and a great number of nobles, the next day he met with the queen with whom after he had long and familiar talk. The second day being saint james day, the marriage was in honourable manner solemnized between him and Queen Mary. Shortly after king Philip and queen Mary departed from Winchester, and with a goodly company were brought to London, and there with great provision were received of the Citizens the xviii day of August. At that time a man came as it Paul's steeple lay at Anchor were flying upon a rope from Paul's steaple to the deans wall. In October the emperor sent ambassadors into England to yield unto his son king Philip the Dukedom of milan. Anno. M. 2. P. 1. M date john Lion grocer S David Wodroffe Wil Chester. The xxiii of November Cardinal Cardinal Poole Poole came into England, and was received with honour in all places 〈◊〉 he passed▪ At the same time he was by parliament restored to his old estate and dignity that he was put from by king Henry the queens father and shortly after came into the parliament house, where the king, queen and, other states were all present. Then he declaring the cause of his legasie, first exhorted them to return to the communion of the church, & restore to the most holy father and pope, his due authority, secondly he advertised them to give thanks to God that had sent them so blessed a king and queen: finally he signified, for so much as they had with great gentleness restored him to his honour & dignity, that he most earnestly desired to see them restored to the heavenly court & unity of the church. The next day the whole court of parliament drew out the form of a supplication, the sum whereof▪ was, that they greatly repented them of that schism that they had lived in. And therefore desired the Queen and the Cardinal that by their means they might be restored to the bosom of the holy church & obedience of the seu of Rome. The next day, the king, queen, and Cardinal being present, the lord Chancellor declared what the parliament had determined concerning the Cardinal's request, and offered unto the king, and Queen the supplication before mentioned, which being read, the Cardinal in a large oration, declared how acceptable repentance was in the sight of God. etc. Immediately he▪ making prayer unto God, by authority to him committed absolved them, and restored them to the church of Rome. When all this was done, they went all unto the chapel, and there singing Te deum, with great solemnity declared the joy and gladness, that for this reconciliation was pretended. The two. day of December being sunday, the kings majesty, the lord Cardinal, and divers other of the nobility repaired to saint Paul's church in London, and so unto a window of the same directly against the cross, where the bishop of Winchester being lord Chancellor of England made a sermon▪ declaring how this realm was again restored to the church of Rome. The 27. of December the prince of P●amont The prince of Piamont duke of Savoy, with other lords were received at Gravesend by the lord privy ●eale & other▪ & so conveyed along the river of Thames to Westminster. In the beginning of january the parliament was dissolved: Wherein it was enacted, that the statutes before time made for the punishment of heretics, and the confirmation of the pope's power should be revived, and in so good force as ever they had been before king Henry's reign: and that such acts as were made against the supremacy of the Pope should be clean abrogated. The ix. day of january the prince of The prince of Orange. Orange being received at Gravesend, was conveyed along the river of Thamis, and landed at Suffolk place. The iiii. of February john Rogers Execution. was burned in Smithfield. The vii of February, the lord Strange being married at the court, the same day at night was a goodly pastime of juga cana by juga ca●●. cresset light, there were lxx cresset lights. The xviii. of February the bishop of Execution. Ely, with the lord Montacute & divers other▪ well appareled road forth of the city of London towards Rome ambassadors from the king, queen & counsel. The xvi. day of March a weaver of Shordit●h, was burned in Smithfild. On Easter day one William Flower with a wod●ni●, wounded a priest, as he was ministering the sacrament to the people in S. Margaretes church at Westminster: for the which offence, the said William had his right hand smitten of, and for opinions in matters of religion was burned in saint Margaret's churchyard the xxiiii day of April▪ In May the Lord Cardinal Poole the lord Chancellor of England, the earl of Arundel, high steward of England, and the lord Paget went over sea to Calais, and near unto Mark● treated with the Emperors and French kings Commissioners, for a peace to be had between the said princes, who returned again into England, about the midst of june, without any agreement making. The tenth day of May, a lad called ● mylners ●onne counterfeited to 〈◊〉 ●. Edward the▪ ●. William Fetherstone, about the age of eighteen years, who named himself to be king Edward the vi was taken about Eltham in ●ent. The xxviii day of May the aforesaid lad was had out of the Marshalseye in a cart, through London to Westminster, with a paper on his head: wherein was written, that he named himself king Edward. And after that he had been thus carried round about westminster hall before all the judges and other, he was then whipped about the said Hall, and after set at liberty▪ About the first of july john Bradford Execution was burned in Smithfielde. The xii day of August was a terrible An. reg. ●. fight▪ on the sea▪ between the Duchmen and Frenchmen, ne●●vnto Romney marsh, where as xi ships were brent and sunk, that is vi french ships, and five great hulks, and certain shalkes taken by the French men. The fourth day of September king Philip passing out of England arrived at Calais, and so went to Brussels in Brabant to visit the Emperor his father. The beginning of October fell such high waters. rain, that for the space of vi days men mought row with boats in saint George's field, the water came into Westminster hall, and there stood half a yard deep. Also into the palace of westminster, and into Lambeth Church, that men mought row about the church with ●a whirrie. The xvi day of October doctor Ridley, and doctor▪ Latimer were burned ●t Oxenford, Anno. M. ●. P. 2. M date Wil. Garret haberdasher S Thomas Lee Io. Macham In October and November a parliament was holden, in the which the queen yielded up unto the spiritual men, the first fruits and tenths of all byshopriks benefices, & ecclesiastical livings before the end of this parliament died Stephen Gardener Chancellor of England on the ix. day of November, and was buried at Winchester, in his place was appointed doctor Heath archbishop of York. Philpot was burned the xviii day Execution. of November. The four day of March appeared a A blazing star. blazing star, and continued the space of xii. days. William Fetherston who before had named himself to be king Edward, now said, he had of late seen & spoken with king Edward, for the which he Execution. was drawn to tiborne, & there hanged and quartered the xiii day of March. The xxi. day of March D. Cranme● archbishop of Canterbury was burned at Oxford: and the same day the lord Cardinal Poole song his first mass a● Greenwich in the friars Chusche: on sunday next following he was consecrated archbishop of canterbury, at the same friars church with great solemnity: and on the feast of the annunciation of our lady, he was stalled at Bow churchyard in Cheap. On Palmesonday even being the 28. of March, part of the prison house of Newgate at London was burnt by casuality of fire. A conspiracy was made by certain Conspiiacye persons in England, whose purpose was to have rob the queens Exchequer, to the intent they might be able to maintain war against the Queen. This matter was uttered by one of the conspiracy: whereby Udall, Throg, morton, Peckham, Daniel, and Stanton were aphrehended for the same, and divers other fled into France. The xxviii. day of April, Throgmorton, Execution. and Richard Udall were drawn to Tyburn, and there hanged and quartered. The nineteen. of▪ May Stanton was likewise executed at tyburn. The viii. day of june one Ro●●y, Dedike, and Bedle were also drawn to Tyburn, and hanged and quartered. The xxvii day of june were xiii persons brent at Stratford the Bow for matters of religion. The seven. day of july Henry Peckh● An. reg. 4. and john Daniel were hanged and headed at the tower hill. Anno. M. 4. P. 3. M date 1556 sir Tho. Offley merchant tailor S William Harper john white About this time began the burning fevers and other strange diseases, whereof Seven aldermen deceased in London died many old persons, so that in London there died from the last of November in Anno. 1555. unto the last of December in Anno. 1556 vii Alderm● whose names we● Henry▪ Hersdon, sir Richard Dobbes late mayor, sir Willi-Laxton late mayor, sir Henry Hublethorn late mayor, sir john Champneis blind late mayor, sir john Olive late sheriff, and sir john Gresham late Mayor. The 16. of December a smith being A desperate act arraigned at Newgate having a knife in his sleeve, drew the same, and thrust▪ it into the side of his fellow prisoner, who gave witness against him, so that he was in great peril of death thereby: for the which act his hand being strike of, his body was hanged on a new gibbet set up for that purpose: the same time the keeper of Newgate was arraigned and indicted for that the said prisoner had weapon about him, and his hands lose, which ought to have been bound. The four of januarie a ship passing before Grenewiche (the court being there) shot of her ordinance, and one piece being charged with a pellet of ●●one, was shot into the court: but thanks be unto god it did no hurt: but passed through the walls. The xxvii day of February an ambassador An ambassador from Moscovy. came to London from the emperor of Cattay, Moscovy, and Russeland: who was honourably met and received at Tottenham by the merchants ventures of London, riding in velvet coats and chains of gold, and by them conducted to the bars at Smithfielde, and there received by the lord Maior of London, with the aldermen and sheriffs: and so by them conveyed through the City, unto maysten Dimokes place in▪ Fanchurche street, where he lodged until the. xi●▪ o● May next following, at the which time he took his journey to Gravesend, & ther● took shipping with the primrose, and three other ships to sail to Moscovy. The lord Sturton murdered two A murdere● men: and for the same was arraigned and condemned at westminster: he was conveyed through London to Salisbury, Execution and there hanged with four of his servants, the vi day of March. King Philip, who had been in Flanders to take the possession of the low countries, in March returned into England, and the xxii day he passed through London, being accompanied with the Queen, and the nobles of the realm: But because great trouble was toward between him and the king of France, he tarried not long here: but the third of july next following, passing the seas again into Flaunders made great provision for war against the Saint Quintin's. French king. The Queen in her husband's quarrel sent over an army of one thousand horsemen four thousand foot men ii M. pioneers, to aid king Philip whereof the earl of Pembroke was general The xxiiij day of April Thomas Scarboroughe castle taken. Stafford and other englishmen▪ to the numbered of xxxii persons coming out of France, took the castle of Scarborough, which they enjoyed ii days, and then were taken, and brought to London: where on the xxviii day of May the said. Thomas Stafford was beheaded at the Tower hill: and upon Execution An. reg. 5. the morrow were three of his company drawn to Tyburn, and there hanged and quartered. This year on the xu day of july died the lady Anne of Cleve at Chelsey, & was buried at Westmin. the 8 of August The ten day of August were taken of France the chiefest captains that the French king had, as followeth: The duke of Montmorency Constable of France, and his son called Monsieur de Meru, the Duke of Monpencier, the Duke of Longuevile, the marshal of S. Andrew, the Ringrave coronal of the Almains, Roche du Maine, the Conte of Roche foucault. The Viscount of Touraine, the Baron of Curton, the prince of Mantua, beside many gentlemen and captains. The xviii day of August was taken the town of S. Qui●tin by king Philip, with the help of englishmen. This year before harvest▪ wheat Dearthe & plenty of corn in one year. was sold for. ii●i. mark the quarter. Malt at four and forty shillings: beans at forty shillings: Rye at forty shillings the quarter, and pease at xlvi shillings viii d. But after harvest, wheat was sold for▪ v. s. the quarter: malt at vi s viii d. rye at iii s four d. and in the country, wheat was sold for four s. the quarter: malt for▪ iii●. s viii d. and ●n some place, a bushel of rye for a pound of candles, which was four d. Anno▪ M. 5. 10. 4. M date 1557 Thomas Curteys' fishmonger S Richard Malarie James A●tam The first of January the frenchmen Calais lost came to calais with a great army, & laid siege thereunto: and within four or v. days were masters thereof: and shortly actor won all the pieces on that side the sea. The French Ring also invaded Flanders, and spoiled and brent Dunkicke, before king Philip could come to the rescue: but before the French men returned out of Flanders, the flemings and the english ships meeting with them upon the sands between Dunkicke and Bravelyn slew of them a great numbered. This winter the quartern agues continued in like manner, or more vehemently than they had done the last year where through died so many priests, that a great number of parishes in divers places of this Realm! were unserved. Execution This year in June were vii burned at one stake in Smithfield, and in July were six burned at Brainforde. Anno. M. 6. P. 5. M Sir Thomas Lee Mercer date 1558 S Tho. Hawes Rich. Champion King Philippe being absent out of this realm, Queen Mary being dangerously sick, ended her life, the. xvij day of number, when she had reigned .v. years four months and xi days The same day died Cardinal Poole, and a little before two of her physicians, and divers by shops and noble men, whom the queen esteemed greatly ¶ Queen Elizabeth. Anno Regni. 1. date 1558 ELizabeth, our most gracious & sovereign lady to the great comfort of England, was with full consent proclaimed queen the xvi●. day of November, in the year. 1558. Not long after, she came from Hatfielde in Hertfordshire, unto the Charterhouse in London: and went from thence to the tower where she remained until the xiiii day of January following: at which time the Londoners having made sumptuous provisiion) she passed through the city to her palace at Westminster, she wing very comfortable & gentle countenance unto the people: the next day following, her grace was crowned in Saint Peter's church at Westminster by doctor Oglethorpe bish. of Carlisle. The report of this was very joyful to such as in Queen Mary's time for religions sake fled into Germany, and other countries whereupon they now shortly returned home again. The twenty day of Januarye, began a Parliament at westminster: A parliamentnt west minster. and in this Parliament, the first ●ruiles and tenths, were restored to the Crown, and also the supreme government over the state Ecclesiastical: likewise the book of common prayer and administration of the sacra mentes in our vulgar tongue was restored. Shortly after the queens majesty appointed a conference or disputation to be had at Westminster church, concerning matters of religion, but the matter came to none effect. The vii of April was a joyful peace proclaimed betwixt our sovereign lady Elisabeth queen of England, and Henry the French king. At the feast of John Baptist, the service in the mother tongue was fully established throughout this realm, and the Mass with other Latin Service was clean▪ abolished. About Bartholome wtide the church Images burned. wardens of churches in London with their persons and ministers, brought forth the roods and other images of their churches, and brent them before their church doors. Anno reg. 1. M Sir Wil Hewet cloth worker date S Tho. Lodge Roger Martin Many men of war were conveyed An. reg. 2. The mayor of London beginneth his year the 18. day of October, which is in the first year of the queens majesties reign. And the queens second year beginneth on the .17. day of November following. Houses ●lowen up ●n crooked ●ane ●ase monies called ●n: out of France into Scotland: whereby it was suspected, that they would suddenly invade this realm, whereupon the queens majesty sent the Duke of Norfolk towards scotland, as general, and the lord Grey of Wylton being lieutenant, entered scotland with a sufficient power to join with the Scots and frenchmen. And in the end her grace sent sir William Cicill knight, her majesties principal secretary with master doctor wotton to treat with the Frenchmen, who by their wisdoms enforced the Frenchmen to departed, to the great quietness both of England and Scotland. The .v. day of july through shooting of a gone, which broke in the house of one Adrian Arten a ducheman in crooked lane, and setting fire on a firkin & a barrel of gunpower four houses were clean blown down, & divers other sore hurt and bruised. This year on Michaelmas even before noon, it was published by proclamation, that the teston of the best sort being marked with the port ●uleys should then forthwith be taken for four d. ob▪ and the second sort being marked with the greyhound for ii d. q. the third and worst sort not being marked with one of those marks afore named ●ot to be taken for any value: the three penny piece which was joined for four pence should be but i d. ob. the ii d. piece for i d. etc. And shortly after, her New coins. grace restored unto all her subjects fine and pure sterling money, both of gold and silver for their corrupt and base coin, calling in the same to her majesties mints, according to the rates before mentioned. Anno. 2. M Sir Wil Cheste● dra●er S Thomas Roe date 1560 Christoph. Draper The xxi day of March, a notable grammar school was founded by the A grammar school▪ built by the merchant tailors. master, wardens, and assistentes of the right worshipful company of the merchant tailors of the city of London in the parish of Saint Laurence Pounteney. The ten day of April was one William Geffrey whipped from the marshalsea in Southwark to Bedlym without bishops gate of London, for that he professed one john Moor to be Christ: and on his head, and about the cart were set papers, wherein was written as followeth: William Geffrey, a most One feigning himself to be Christ. blasphemous heretic, denying Christ our Saviour in heaven. The said Geffrey being stayle at Bedlym gate, the Marshal's officers caused john More to be brought forth, who was after tied to the cart, and whypt an arrows shoot from Bedlym: where at the last● he confessed Christ to be in heaven, & himself to be a sinful man. Then was More sent again into Bedlam, & william Geffrey to the marshalsea, whe● they had lain prisoners nigh a year & a half before that time, the one for professing himself to be Christ, the other a disciple of the same Christ. The four day of june being wednesday between four and .v. of the clocks Poule● steeple a fire. in the after noon, the steeple of Paul's in London, being stired by lightning braced forth as it did seem to the beholders ii or three yards beneath the cross and so brent round about in the same place, that the top with the cross fell of, & lighted on the south side of Paul's church, and so the spire brent down ward so terryblye and vehemently, that within less space than four ho●●ers, the same steeple and all the cos●● of the same church were consumed to ashes: which was a lamentable sight, and pitiful remembrance to the beholders thereof. Anno. 3. M Sir Wil Harper mar. ta●. S date Humf. Baskervile Alexan. Auenon The xu day of November, the queens majesty published a proclamation wherein her grace restored to the realm divers small pieces of silver money, as the piece of vi d four d iii d ii d. & i d. three halfpenny, & three farthings. And also forbade all manner of foreign coins to be currant within the same realm: as well gold as silver, except two sorts of crowns of gold, whereof the one was the french crown, and the other a flemmyshe crown. This fourth year in England were An. reg. 4▪ M●strous births. many monstrous births, as in March a mare brought forth a foal with one body being in good proportion, & two heads, having as it were a long tail growing out right like a horn between the same two heads. Also a s●w farrowed a pig with .4. legs like unto the a●mes of a man child with hands & fingers disfigured. etc. In April a sow fa●●owed a pig that had 2. bodies .8. seat, bu● one head many calves & lambs wer● monstrous, and one calf had a collar of skin growing about the neck, like to a double ruff, which to the beholders seemed strange and wonderful. The. 20. day of May a monstruous A monstros child child was born at Chichester in Sussex. The head arms & legs like unto an anatomy, the breast, and belie very monstrous big, from the navel, as it were a long string hanging: about the neck a great collar of flesh and skin growing like the ruffs of a shirt or neckerchief coming up about the ears pleating or folding. etc. This year the queens Majesty in September, addressed a band of her subjects to the town of Newhaven in Normandye: who were embarked at Portismouth, because that haven is most apt for transportation to that place, Upon whose arrival the towns men New haven & inhabitants joyfully surrendered themselves and the town into the possession of the queens majesty, which was kept by Englishmen from September 1562. to the. 29. day of July than next following, which was in the year 1563. the governor of which band was the right honourable the Earl of Warwick, who with the captains serving there (which were of great experience) and soldiers trained by them to knowledge of service, togethet with part of the old approved garrison of Barwike, did at that time both manfully defend the piece, and valiantly encountered by sundry skirmishes and conflicts with the county Ringrave and his band, the most part whereof, where happily achieved, to the great overthrow of the adversaries part, and singular commendations of ours. Anno. 4. M sir Tho. Lodge grocer date S William aleyn Richard Chamberlain When the frenchmen with huge armies Anno. 5 assembled out of all parts of France to recover the place of passage: the stopping whereof, by our power, was the double woe of their common wealth, there bred through the heat of time, & putrefaction of the air: a miserable and infortunate plague among our men, which marvelously increased with the death of divers of the best captains and soldiers, where withal there followed a cruel & quick siege, whereat was present the Constable, and the best tried number of warlike soldiers within the whole country of France. The marshes were made passable and firm ground: which by men of great experience was thought impossible. And with common help the Canons were placed, the castle and walls were battered, & sundry breaches made beyond expectation How be it they were rewarded by our gunners to their great terror and annoyance. The earl of Warwick with the remnant of our captains and soldiers in courageous order, standing at the severail breaches ready to defend their asaultes: which perceived by the enemy they caused their trumpets to sound the blast of emparle, that composition of either part might be made to avoid the imminent slaughter & effusion of blood. This offer seemed not unmeet, both parties concluded, the town was delivered the. 29. day of July, and all the english licenced to depart. This year as ye have hard, the plague of pestilence being in the town of New haven, & many soldiers infected with the same returning into England, the infection thereof increased, being before that begun in divers parts of this realm, but especially the city of London was so infected there with, that in the same whole year, that is to say, from the first of January. 1562. until the last of December. 1563. there died in the City and liberties thereof (containing 108. parishes) of all diseases twenty M iii C lxxii so that there died of the 108. parishes in London. plague (being part of the number before named) xvii. M four C. and four persons. And in the out parishes adjoining to the same city, being xi. parishes died of all diseases in the whole year aforesaid iii M ii C lxxx and viii. persons, and of them of the plague being a part of the said numbered last before named ii M vii C. xxxii so that the whole total sum of all those that died of all diseses in the holle year, aswell within the city of London & liberties of the same, as in the out parishes adjoining was xxiii M vi C lx & of them of the plague died in all twenty M i C xxxvi This year for so much as the pessilence was so hot in the city of London there was no term kept at Michael mass. To be short, the poor citizens of London were this year plagued with a A threefold or a triple plague. triple plague, as with the pestilence, scarcity of money, & dearth of victuels: the misery whereof, were to long her● to write, no doubt the poor remember it. God be merciful unto us, and defend us from the like, if it be his will. Anno. 5. M date 2563 Sir john White grocer S Edward Banks Roland Haiwarde This Mayor kept no majors feast at No majors feast. the guilded hall, as it had been accustomed before time: Also he took his oath at the uttermost gate of the tower of London. This year thanks be given to God was a peaceable year, and the plague of pestilence well ceased in London: nevertheless for fear thereof, Hillarye term was kept at Hertford castle, be side Ware. An. reg. 6. The xxiii day of Apryll was a joyful peace proclaimed with the sound of trumpets between England and France. Watch on S. Peter's even at London. This year through the earnest suit of the arinorers, there was on the Digile of Saint Peter, a watch in the City of London, which did only stand in the highest streets of Cheap, of cornhill, and so forth towards Algate: which was to the commons of the same city (for the most part) 〈◊〉 chargeable 〈◊〉 when in times passed, it was most commendably done, wher●s this being to very small purpose, was of as small a number w●l ●iked. The second day of October in the a● te● ho●●●● was a solemn obsequy kept at saint Paul's church in London, for F●rdinando the Emperor, late being departed out of this mortal life, and like wise the moro●●next after 〈◊〉 the for●none. Anno. 6. M Richard Mala●y 〈◊〉 S date Edward jackman Ly●nell, Du●ket The twenty day of November in the An. reg. 7. Houses shaken with gunpowder morning about vi. of the clock through negligence of a may●●n with a candle, the shuffe ●a●lynge in an hundred pound weight of gunpowder, th●e house's in Bucklers bur●, were ●ore shake, the maiden was so bu●●t, that she died thereof within 〈◊〉 d●y● after. It is to be li●ted, that if, this 〈…〉 h●d lain in a low●●part of the house, as it lay in a garret, it had done much more 〈◊〉: Wherefore I ●d●ys●●●● to look warily to such ware. The xxi day of December being S. Thomas day began a frost, which continued ●yl the iii day of january: 〈◊〉 new years even, people went over the Thames on the ice, & along the Thames from London bridge to Westminster, and great number of people, played at the football: on new years day▪ being monday, on tu●sday and wednesday divers gentlemen & others, set up pricks on the Thames, and shot at the same. And the people both men & women went on the Thames, in greater numbers then in any street in London? The costardemongers played at the dice for apples on the ice: on the wednesday at night it began to th● w● but men went over and along the Thames on thursday all night: but on 〈◊〉 day being the fifth day of january at night, was no Ice on the Thames to be seen: but that all men mought come over and along the same, to was so soberly consumed: which sudden 〈◊〉 caused such great 〈◊〉 and high waters, that it 〈◊〉 down many bridges and houses, and drowned many people. The .26. day of january being ●●●●day Eight tides in ii nights and a day at night were two sides in the spa●●of ii hours at London, on the morrow was like wise ii in the morning, &. i●. at night: on sunday being the .28. day of january were likewise. ●●. ●ides in the morning, and at right but one. The▪ xx. day of june the lady Lin●●●● was ●ente prisoner to the Tower of London. This year on Saint Peter's even at night was the ly●e ●●anding watch in London as was the ●ame night xii months. The xvi day of july about vi of Great tempest the clock at night, began a terrible tempest of lightning and thunder, with sho●res of ●ayle, which lightning and thunder continued until iii of the clock on the next morning. In the which tempest much harm was done in and about Chelmsford in Essex, as by destroying of five hundred acres of corn, the beating down of all the glass windows on the east side of the said town, and of the west and south sides of the church, the beating of the ●yles of their houses, throwing down divers barns and ●hymneys with the batilmen●●s of their church. etc. The hail ●●ones being measured, were found to be ●i▪ inches about. At the same time was much harm done in many other places of this realm, as at Ledes, at Cranmer broke, at Dover in Rent. etc. This year Christopher prince and margrave of Baden, with the lady Sicily his wife sister to the king of Swe●hland arrived at Dover, and the xi. day of September, they came to London, and were lodged at the er●e of Bedford'S place, near unto Iu●e bridge, where within four days after, she travailed, and was delivered of a man child: which the last of September was baptized in the queens majesties chapel of Whitehall. The queens majesty in her own person being Godmother gave the name Edwardus fortunatus. Anno. 7. M date 1565 Richard Champion Draper S john Rivers jam. Hawes The xi of November, the right honourable, Ambrose Earl of Warwick, married Anne elder daughter to the Earl of bedford: for the honour and celebration of which noble marriage a goodly challenge was fixed upon the court gate at Westminster, to be observed and d●n the xi day of the same, the ●●nor whereof ensueth. You that in warlike ways, and deeds of arms delight, You that for country's cause, or else for Ladies love dare fight: Know you four knights there be, that come from foreign land, Whose haughty hearts and courage great, hath moved to take in hand, With sword, with spear and shield, on foot on horseback too, To try what you by force of fight, or otherwise can do. Prepare yourselves therefore, this challenge to defend. That trump of fame, your prows gre● abroad may sound and send. And he that best can do, the same shall have the prize, The day, the place, and form & fight, Lo here before your eyes. At the tilt, with each one vi courses, at the tourney xii strokes with the sword, three bushes with the puncheon staff, and xii blows with the sword at bariars, or twenty, if any be so disposed. At x. of the clock at night the s●me day, a valiant serviceable man, called Roberte Thomas Master gunner of England, desirous also to honour 〈◊〉 ●east and marriage day, in consideration the said earl of W●rwike was general of thordinanc● within h●●Maiesties realm and domin●ans made three great trains of chambres, which terribly● yielded forth● the nature of their voice to the great astonishment of divers, who at the ●yri●g of the second was unhappily stayn● by a piece of one of the chambers to the great sorrow and lamentation of all those that love their country & de●ence of the s●me, for further explication of who●e pra●●●● the 〈◊〉 room of this abridged summary will not suffice. The xxviii day of December there rose a gre● storm and tempest of wind, An. reg. 8. by whose rage the▪ Th●mes and Se●● ouerwhelm●d many persons, and the great gates at the west ●nd of S. Paul's church in London (between which standeth the br●senpylor) were through the forc● of the wind then in the Western part of the world blown open. In january Mo●●si●●Rambuley a 〈…〉 in France was sent over into England by the French king Charles the. ●●. of that name, with the ●rd●●of saint M●●●●ell, who at Winds●r was 〈…〉 the said French king with the knighthood of the most honourable order of the Garter and the xxiiii of january in the chapel of her majesties palace of Whitehall. The said Mo●●sie● Rambuley invested Thomas duke of Norfolk & Robert earl of Leicester, with the said order of saint Mighell. Thus (good reader) I have brought as thou seest this abridged Summary to these our present days, meaning as time shall increase so to augment the same, desiring thee to take these▪ my travails in good part, ●yke as I have m●u●e th●m to wards▪ thee. FINIS▪ The age of the world. 1 THe first age from the creation of Adam▪ to the ●●oude of Noah, which continued. 1656 2 The second from Noah to Abraham. 291 3 The third age from the birth of Abraham, till the departing of Israel out of Egypt, years. 50● 4 The fourth age from the departing of Israel out of Egypt, till the building of the temple, years. 481 5 The fifth age from the building of the temple, till the captivity of Babylon, years 414 6 The sixth age, from the captivity of Babylon till the birth of our saviour jesus Christ▪ years' 614 7 The seven. age of the world took his beginning at the birth of our saviour jesus Christ, & hath continued till this present year of our Lord .1566. and shall last till the worlds end. The age of the world at the birth of Christ was .3962. The age of th● world this present year of our Lord .1566. is .5528. FINIS ¶ How a man may sourney from any notable town in England, to the City of London: or from London to any notable town in the same realm. The way from Walsyngham to London. FRom Walsyngham to Piknan xii. miles From Picknam to Brandonfery x. mile. From Brandonfery to Newemarket x. mile. From Newmarket to Babram. x. mile From Babram to Barkway. xx. mile. From Barkway to Puchrich▪ seven. mile From Puchriche to Ware v. mile. From Ware to Waltham viii. mile From Waltham to London xii. mile The way from Barwike to York and so to London. From Barwik to belforth xii. m●●●● From Belforth to Anwik xii. mile From Anwike to Morpit xii. mile From morpit to Newcastel xii. mi. From Newcastel to Durham. xii. mile. From Durham to Darington xiiii. mile From darington to northalerton xiiii. mil. From Northalerton to Topclif. seven. mile From Topclife to York xvi. mile. From York to Tadcaster viii. mile From Tadcaster to Wentbridge x. mile From Wentbridge to Dancaster viii. mile From Dancaster to Tutford xviii. mile From Tutford to Newarke x. mile From Newarke to Grantham x. mile From Granthan to Stanford. xvi. mile From Stanforde to Stilton xii. mile From Stylton to Huntyngton ix. mile. From Huntingdon to Roiston xv. mile. From Royston to Ware xii. mile From Ware to Waltham viii. mile From Waltham to London xii. mile The way from Carnarvan to Chester, and so to London. From Carnaruam to Conwey xxiiii mile. From Conway to Dinbigh xii. mile From Denbigh to Flynt xii. mile. From Flynt to Cheste● x. mile From Chester to Wyche xiiii. m●●●● From Wyche to Stone xv. mile From Stone to Lichefield xvi. mile From Lichfield to Colsill xii. mile From Colsyll to Coventry viii. mile And so from coventry to London, as hereafter ●o ●●weth. The way from Cokermouth to Lancaster, and so to London. From Cokermouth to Kiswik vi. ●●. From Kiswik to Grocener viii. mile. From Grocener to Kendale xiiii. mile From Kendale to Burton seven. mile From Burton to Lancaster viii. mile From Lancaster to Preston xx. mile From Preston to Wygam xiiii. mile. From Wygam to Warington. xii▪ mile From warington to Newcastel xx. mile From Newcastle to Lichfield xx. mile from Lichfield to coventry xx. mile from coventry to Danetre. xiiii. mile from Danetre to Tocester x. mile from Tocester to Stony Stratforde. vi. mile. from Stony stratford to Brichyl seven. m● from Brichyl to Dunstable seven. mile from Dunstable to S. Albon's x. mile. ●rom S. Albon to Barnet x. mile ●rom Barnet to London▪ x. myl● The way from Yermouth to Colchester, and so to London. FRom Yermouth to Becclis viii. m●. from Becclis to Blybour vi. mile. from Blybour to Snapbridge viii. mile from Snapbridge to wodbridge viii. m● from Wodbridge to Ipswich v. mile from Ipswiche to Colchester xii. mile. from Colchester to Eastford viii. mile from Eastford to Chelmesrord x. mile from Chelmesford to Brentwod x. mile. from Brentwod to London xii. mile. The way from Dover to London. From Dover to Cantorbury xii. mile from Canterbury to sitingborn xii mile from Sitingborn to Rochester viii. mi. from Rochester to Gravesend v. mile. from Gravesend to Datford vi. mile From Datford to London xii. mile The way from S. Burien in Cornwall to London. From S. Burient● the mount xx. mile From the mount to Thury xii mile from S. Thury to Bodnam xx. mile From Bodnam to Launston xx. mile. From Launston to Ocomton xv. mile from Ocomton to Crokehornwel x. mile from Crokehornwel to Exeter x. mile. from Excester to Honiton xii. mile from Honiton to Charde x. mile from Cha●de to Crokehorne. vi●▪ mile from Crokehorne to Shirborne x. mile from Shirborn to Shaf●sbury x. mile. from shaf●sbury to Salisbury xviii. mi. from Salisbury to Andevor xv. mile from Andevor to Basingstock xviii. mi. from Basingstock to Harford viii. mile from Harford to Bagshot. viii. mile from Bagshot to Stanes. viii. miles. from Stanes to London. xv▪ mile's▪ The way from Bryst●w● to London. From Bristol to Marsfelde x. mile. from Marsfeld to Chip●●n x. mile. from Chipnan to Marlcborow xv. mile from Marlcborow to Hungerford 8. mile from Hungerford to Newberry seven mile from Newberry to Reading xv. mile from Reading to Maidenhead x. mile from Maidenhead to Colbroke seven. mile from Colbroke to London. xv. mile. The way from Saint David's to London▪ FRom S David's t oh Axford. xx mile From Axford to Carmarden. x mile From Carmarden to Newton x mile From Newton to Lanbury x mile From Lanbury to Brecknock. xvi mile From Brecknock to Hay. x mile From Hay to Harford xi●●j mile From Harford to Roso● ix mile From Roso to Gloucester xii mile From Gloucester to Cicester. xv mile From Cicester to Fa●●●●gton xv● mile From Far●●●●gtō to Habington. vi● mile from Habington to Dorcester. seven mile From Dorcester to Henly. xii mile From Henly to Maidenhed. seven▪ mile From Maidenhead to Colbroke seven mile ●rom Colbroke to London. xv mile