¶ ANNO PRIMO EDWARDI SEXTI. ¶ STATVTES made in the Parliament begon at westminster the four the day of november, in the first year of the reign of the most dread sovereign lord EDWARD the . VI. By the grace of God, king of england, france, and ireland, defemder of the faith, and of the church of england, and also of Ireland in earth the supreme head and from theme continued to the xxiiii. day of december then next ensuing, that is to say in the first Session of the same Parliament, as followeth. ❧ The Table. AN act against such as shall vnreuerentlye speak against the Sacrament of the body and blood of christ, commonly called the Sacrament of the altar,& for the rrceiuyng therof in both kindes. Chapitre. i An act for the election of bishops,& what seals,& style, they, and other Spiritual persons exercising iurisdiccyon ecclesiastical shall use. chapit. ii. An act for the punishment of vagabonds, and for the relief of the poor and impotent persons. chap. iii. An act for tenors holden in Capite. chap. iiii. An act that no Horses shalbe conveyed out of this realm, and other the kings dominions without licence. chap. v. An act for the continuance of making of Woosted yarn in norfolk. chap. vi. An act for the continuance of actions, after the death of any king of this realm. chap. vii. An act for confirmation of letters patents. chap. viii. An act for the vnytyng of certain Churches within the city of york. chap. ix. An act for exigentes& proclamations in Wales,& in the county Palantyne of Chester, and also in the city of Chester. chap. x. An act for the repeal of a certain Statute made in the .xxviii. year of the reign of the late king of most famous memory henry the viii for revoking of acts of Parliament. chap. xi. An act for the repeal of certain Statutes, concerning Treasons Felonyes &c. chap. xii. An act for a subsidy of Tonnage and poundage of merchandises with a proviso, for the confirmation of the privileges of the deceipts of the Stilliarde, which proviso shall endure but only to the end of this Parliament. chap. xiii. An act whereby certain chantries, Colleges, free chapels,& the possessions of the same be given to the kings majesty. chap. xiiii. An act for a general pardon. chap. xv. ¶ An act against such persons as shall vnreuerentlye speak against the Sacrament of the body and blood of christ, commonly called the Sacrament of the altar:& for the receiving therof under both kindes.¶ The first chapter. THE kings most excellent majesty minding the governance& order of his most loving subiects to be in most perfit unity and concord, in al things,& in especial, in the true faith& Religion of God,& wishinge the same to be brought to pass with all clemency and mercy, on his highnesse parte towards them, as his most Princely serenity& majesty hath already declared by evident proof to thintent that his most loving subiects provoked by clemency& goodness of their Prince& king, shall study rather for love, thē for fear to do their duties, first to almighty God,& then to his highnesse& the common wealth, nourishyng concord& love among themselves: yet considereth& perceiveth that in a multitude al bee not on that sort, that reason and the knowledge of their duityes can move them from offence, but many, which had need haue some bridle of fear,& that the same be men most contentious& arrogant for the most parte, or elles most blind& ignorant: by the means of which sort of men, many things well& godly instituted,& to the dificacion of many, be perverted& abused,& turned to their own& others great loss& hindrance,& some time to extreme destruction: the which doth appear in nothing more or sooner, then in matters of Religion, and in the great& high mysteries therof, as in the most comfortable Sacrament of the body& blood of our saviour Iesus christ, commonly called the sacrament of the altar, and in scripture, the i. Cor. 11. Supper and i. Cor. 8 Table of the Lord, the i. Cor. 10. Communion i. Cor. 10. and partaking of the body and blood of christ: which Sacrament was instituted of no less author, then of our saviour, both God& man, when at his last supper amongst his Apostles he did take the bread into his holy hands,& did say Math. 26. Take you& eat, this is my body, which is Luke. 22 given& i. Cor. 11 broken for you. And taking up the Math. 26. mark. 14. chalice or cup, did mark. 14 give thanks& say, This is my blood of the new testament, which is shed for you Luke. 21 & for mark. 14 many, for the remission of sins, that i. Cor. 11 whensoever we should do the same, we should do it in the remembrance of him,& to declare& set forth his death& most glorious passion, until his coming. Of the which Math. 26 bread, whosoever eateth, or of the which cup whosoever drinketh vnworthely, eateth& drinketh condempnacion& iudgement to himself, making no difference of the lords body. i. Cor. 11 The institution of which sacrament being ordained by christ, i. Cor. 11. as is before said, and the said words spoken of it here before rehearsed, being of eternal, infallible,& undoubted truth: yet the said Sacrament( al this notwithstanding) hath been of late marvelously abused by such maner of men before rehearsed, who of wickedness, or else of ignorance& want of learning for certain abuses, heretofore, committed of some, in misusing therof, haue condemned in their hartes and speech, the whole thing, and contempteously depraved, despised, or reviled the same most holy and blessed Sacrament, and not onely disputed& reasoned vnreuerently and ungodly of that most high mystery, but also in their sermons: threatenings, readinges, lectures, communicacions, arguments, talks, runes, songs, plays, or gestes, name, or call it by such vile and unseemly words, as Christian ears do abhor to hear rehearsed: for reformation whereof be it enacted by the Kings highnesse with the assent of the lords spiritual and temporal,& of the commons in this present Parliament assembled, and by the authority of the same, that whatsoever person or persons, from, and after the first day of may next coming, shall deprave, despise or contemn the said most blessed Sacrament, in contempt thereof by any contempteous words, or by any words of depraving, despising, or reviling: or what person, or persons, shal aduisedsy in any otherwise contemn, despise, or revile the said most blessed Sacrament, contrary to the effects,& declaration above said, that then he, or they, shall suffer imprisonment, of his, or their bodies& make fine& ransom at the kings will& pleasure. And for full and effectual execution of the premises before devised, ordained and enacted by this act: be it furthermore enacted by the authority of this present Parliament, that immediately after the first day of May next coming, the Iustices of peace, or three of them at the least whereof one of them to be of the Quorum, in every shire of this realm and Wales, and al other places within the kings dominions, shal haue full power and authority by virtue of this act, aswell to take information and accusation by thothes and deposicions of two able, honest,& leeful persons at the least, and after such accusation, or information so had to inquire by the oaths of .xii. men, in every their .iiii. quarter sessions yearly to be holden, of al and singular such accusacions, or informacions to be had, or made of any of the offences abovesaid, to be committed, or done after the said first day of May, within the limits of their commission: and that vpon every such accusation and information, the offeder, and offenders shal be enquired of,& indicted before the said Iustices of peace, or three of thē at the least, as is aforesaid, of the said contempts and offences, by the verdict of .xii. honest, and indifferent men if the matter of the said accusation& information shal seem to the said jury good and true. And it is also further enacted by the authority aforesaid, that the said Iustices of peace, or three of them at the least, as is aforesaid, before whom any such presentment, information, and accusation shall be made, or taken, as is aforesaid, shall examine the accusers, what other witness were by, and present at the time of the doing and committing of thoffence: whereof the information, accusation,& presentment shalbe made, and how many others then the accusers, haue knowledge therof: and shal haue power and authority, by their diserecions, to bind by recognisance to be taken before them as well the said accusours, as all such other persons, whom the same accusoures shall declare to haue knowledge of the offences by them presented& informed every of them in five pounds to the king, to appear before the said Iustices of peace before whom the offeder, or offenders shal be tried at the day of trial and deliverance of such offenders. And it is further enacted by the authority aforesaid, that the said Iustices of Peace, or three of them at the least, as is abovesaid, by virtue of this act, shall haue full power and aucthorytie to make process against every person& persons so indicted by two Capias& an exigent, and by Capias vtlagat{ur}, as well within the limits of their commission, as into al other shires& places of this realm, Wales, and other the kings dominions, aswell within the liberties as without,& the same process to be good and effectual in the law to al intents, constructions and purposes,& upon the appearance of any of the offenders, shall haue full power& authority by virtue of this act, and the commission of peace, to determine the contempts and offences aforesaid, according to the laws of this realm, and effects of this act: and that the said Iustices of peace, or three of them at the least, as is above said, shall haue full power and authority to let any such person, or persons so indicted, upon sufficient sureties, by their discrecions, to bail, for their appearance to be tried, according to the tenor, form,& effect of this act. provided always, and be it enacted, that the said Iustices of peace or three of them at the least, at their quarter Sessions, where any offeder or offenders shal be, or stand indicted of any of the contempts, or offences abovesaid, shall direct& award one writ in the kings name to the Bishop of the Diocese, wherein the said offence or offences are supposed to be committed, or done willing and requiring the said Bishop to be in his own person, or by his chancellor, or other his sufficient deputye learned, at the quarter Sessions in the said County to ve holden when,& where the said offeder shalbee arraigned and tried, appointing to them in the said writ the day and place of the said arraignment, which writ shalbe of this form: Rex &c. Ep̄o L. Salutem. Praecipimus tibi, quod tu, Cancellarius tuus, vel alius Deputatus tuus sufficient{ur} eruditus, sitis cum Iusticiarijs nostris ad pacem in come nr̄o B. conseruand assignat{ur} apud D. tali die, ad Sessionem nostram, ad tunc& ibm̄ tenend' and dand' consilium& aduisament' eisdem Iusticiarijs nostris ad pacē supper arraignment& deliberationem offendent' contra foreman statuti, concernen sacro sanctum Sacramentum Altatis. provided always, and bee it enacted by the authority abovesaid that no person or persons shal be indicted of any of the contempts, or offences abovesaid, but onely of such contempts, or offences, as shal be done, or perpetrated within three months, next after the said offences, or offence so committed or done. And be it further enacted by the authority aforesaid, that in al trials for any such offenders before the said Iustices, as is aforesaid the person or persons being complained on and arraigned, shall be admitted to purge or try his, or their innocency, by as many, or more witnesses in number& of as good honesty and credence, as the witnesses be, which deposed against him, or any of them. And for asmuch as it is more agreeable, both to the first instytucyon of the said Sacrament, of the most precious body and blood of our saviour Iesus Christ, and also more conformable to the common use and practise both of the Apostles, and of the primitive church, by the space of five hundreth yeres, and more, after Christs ascention, that the said blessed Sacrament should be ministered to al christian people under both the kinds of bread& wine, then under the form of bread onely: and also it is more agreeable to the first institution of Christ, and to the usage of the Apostles, and the primitive church, that the people being present should receive the same with the Priest, then that the Priest should receive it alone: therfore be it enacted by our sovereign lord the king with the consent of the lords spiritual& temporal, and the commons in this present Parlyamente assembled, and by the authority of the same, that the said most blessed Sacrament be hereafter commonly delivered,& ministered unto the people, within this church of England and Ireland,& other the kings dominions under both the kinds, that is to say, of bread and wine, except necessity otherwise require: and also that the Priest, which shall minister the same, shall at the least one day before exhort al persons, which shal be present, likewise to resort and prepare themselves to receive the same. And when the day prefixed cometh, after a godly exhortation by the minister made( wherein shal be further expressed the benefit and comfort promised to them, which worthily receive the holy Sacrament, and danger and indignation of God threatened to them, which shall presume to receive the same vnworthely, to the end that every man may try and examine his own conscience before he shal receive the same) the said minister shal not without a lawful cause deny the same to any person, that will devoutly and humbly desire it: any lawe, statute, ordinance, or custom contrary thereunto in any wise notwithstanding, not condempning hereby the usage of any church out of the kings majesties dominions. ¶ An act for the election of bishops, and what seals and style they, and other Spiritual persons exercising jurisdiction Ecclesiastical shal use. ¶ The .ii. chapter. forasmuch as the election of the Archebyshoppes and bishops by the deans and Chapiters, within the kings majesties realms of england and ireland, at this present time, be as well to the long delay, as to the great costs and charges of such persons, as the Kings majesty giveth any Archebishoprich, or Bishopriche unto: and whereas the said elections be in very deed no elections, but onely by a writ of congee deslier, haue colours, shadows or pretences of elections, serving nevertheless to no purpose,& seeming also derogatorye and prejudicial to the kings prerogative royal, to whom only apperteinethe the collacyon and gift of all Archebishopriches, and Bishopriches, and Suffragain bishops, within his highnesse said realms of England, and Ireland, Wales, and other his dominions and Marches: For a due reformation hereof, be it therefore enacted by the kings highnes with the assent of the lords spiritual and temporal, and the Commons in this present Parliament assembled, and by authority of the same, that from henceforth, no such congee deslier be granted, nor election of any archbishop or bishop, by the dean and chapter made: But that the king may by his letters Patents at al times, when any Archbishopriche, or Bishopriche be void, confer the same to any person whom the king shall think meet. The which collacion so by the kings letters patents made, and delivered to the person, to whom the king shall confer the same Archebishoprich or Bishopriche, or to his sufficient proctor, and attorney, shall stand to al intents, constructions and purposes, to asmuch and the same effect, as though congee deslier had ben given, the election duly made, and the same confirmed: and that vpon the said person, to whom the said Archebishoprich, Bishoprich, or Suffraganshippe is so conferred, collated, or given, may be consecrated, and sue his livery, or ouster le main, and do other things as well, as if the said ceremonies and elections had been done& made. provided always, and be it enacted by authority aforesaid, that every such person, to whom any collacion, or gift of any Archebishopriche, Bishopriche, or Suffraganshippe shalbe given or collated by the king, his heires, or successors, shal pay, do, and yield to all and every person, all such fees, interests, and duties, as of old time haue been accustomend to bee done: any thing in this act, or in any other, to the contrary hereof, in any wise notwithstanding. And where as the Archebishoppes and bishops, and other Spyritual persons in this realm do use to make& send out their summons, citations, and other process in their own names, and in such form and maner, as was used in the time of the usurped power of the Bishop of Rome, contrary to the form and order of the summons and process of the common lawe used in this realm: seeing that al authority of jurisdiction, Spiritual and temporal, is derived and deducted from the kings majesty, as supreme head of these Churches& realms of england, and Ireland, and so justly acknowledged by the clergy of the said realms,& that al courts ecclesiastical, within the said two realms bee kept by noe other power, or authority either foreign, or within the realm, but by the aucthorytie of his most excellent majesty: Bee it therefore further enacted by the authority aforesaid, that al somons& citations, or other process ecclesiastical, in al suits and causes of instance, betwixt party& party, and all causes of correction, and al causes of bastardy, or begamie, or inquiry de jure Patronatus, probates of testaments, and commissions of administration of persons deceased, and all acquitaunces, of, and upon accounts made by the executours, administratrours, or collectors of goods of any ded person, be from the first day of july next following made in the name, and with the style of the king, as it is in writtes original, or judicial at the common lawe: and that the teste therof be in the name of the Archbishop or Bishop, or other having Ecclesiastical jurisdiction who hath the commission and grant of the authority Ecclesiastical, immediately from the kings highnesse, and that his commissary, official, or substitute exercising jurisdiction under him, shal put his name in the citation, or process after the teste. Furthermore, be it enacted by authority aforesaid, that all maner of person or persons, who hath the exercise of ecclesiastical jurisdiction shall haue from the first day of july before expressed, in their seals of Office, the kings highnesse arms decently set with certain carects under the arms, for the knowledge of the Diocese: and shal use no other seal of jurisdiction, but wherein his majesties arms be engraven upon pain that if any person shall use Ecclesiastical iurisdiccyon( after the day before expressed) in this realm of England, wales, and other his dominions, or territories, and not send, or make out the citation, or process in the kings name, or use any seal of jurisdiction, other thē before limited that every such offendoure shall incur,& run in the kings majesties displeasure,& indignation, and suffer imprisonment at his highnesse will& pleasure. provided always, that no more, nor other fees be taken, or paid for the seal& writing of any citations, or other process, thē was here tofore accustomend. provided also, and bee it enacted by the authority aforesaid, that the archbishop of canterbury for the time being, shal use his own seal, and in his own name, in al faculties and dispensation, according to the tenor of an act therof made: and that the said Archebishops and bishops shall make, admit, order, and reform their Chauncellours, officials, Commissaries, advocates, proctors, and other their officers, ministers,& substitutes,& commissyons to Suffragaine bishops in their own names, under their own seals, in such maner& form, as they haue heretofore used:& shal certify to the court of tenths, their certificates under their own names& seals, as heretofore they haue used,& according to the statute in that case made& provided:& likewise shall make collations, presentacions, gifts, institucions,& inductions of benefits, letters or orders, or dimissories, under their own names& seals, as they haue heretofore accustomend: any thing in this act contained to the contrary notwithstanding. provided always,& be it enacted by the authority aforesaid, that al process hereafter to be made, or awarded by any Ecclesiastical person or persons, for the trial of any plea, or pleas, or matter depending, or that hereafter shal depend in any of the kings courts of record, at the common lawe,& limited by the laws& customs of this realm, to the spiritual courts to try the same: that the certificat of the same, after the trial therof shal be made in the kings name, for the time being and with the style of the same king, and under the seal of the Bishop, graven with the kings arms, with the name of the Bishop, or spiritual officer being to the teste of the same process and certificat, and to every of them. ¶ The .iii. chapter.¶ An act for the punishing of vagaboundes,& for the relief of the poor and impotent persons. forasmuch, as idleness and vagabondry, is the mother and roote of all thefts, robberies, and all evil acts, and other mischiefs, and the multitude of people given thereto hath always been here within this realm very great, and more in number( as it may appear) then in other Regions, to the great impoverishment of the realm, and danger of the kings highnesse subiectes: the which idleness& vagaboundry al the kings highnesse noble progenitors, kings of this realm, and this high court of parliament hath often and with great travail, gon about& assayed with godly acts& statutes, to repress, yet until this our time, it hath not had that success, which hath been wished, but partly by foolish pity and mercy of them, which should haue sene the said godly laws executed, partly by the perverse nature, and long accustomend idleness of the persons given to loitering, the said godly statutes hitherto hath had small effect, and idle and vagabond persons, being unprofitable members, or rather enemies of the common wealth, hath been suffered to remain and increase, and yet so do whom, if they should be punished by death, whipping, imprisonment, and with other corporal pain, it were not without their deserts for the example of others, and to the benefit of the common wealth: yet if they could be brought to be made profitable, and do service, it were much to bee wished and desired: Be it therefore enacted by the kings highnes, with the consent of the lords Spiritual& temporal,& the commons in this present parliament assembled,& by authority of the same, first that all statutes and acts of parliament heretofore made for the punishment of vagabonds& sturdy beggars,& all articles comprised in the same, shal be from henceforth repealed, void& of none effect. Secondly, that whosoever, after the first day of april next following, man, or woman being not lame, impotent, or so aged, or diseased with sickness, that he, or she cannot work, not having lands, or tenements, fees, annuities, or any other yearly revenues, or profits where on they may find sufficiently their living, shal, either like a serving man wanting a Master, or like a beggar, or after any such other sort, bee lurking in any house, or houses, or loitering, or idly wander by the highways side, or in streets, in cities, towns, or villages, not applying them selfe to some honest, and allowed arte, science, service, or labour, and so do continue by the space of three daies, or more together, and not offer themselves to labour with any that will take them, according to their faculty:& if no man, otherwise will take them, do not offer themselves to work for meate and drink, or after they be so taken to work, for the space agreed betwixt them& their master, do leave their work out of convenient time, or run away: that then every such person shall be taken for a vagabounde, and that it shalbe lawful to every such master offering such idle person service, and labour, and that being by him refused, or who hath agreed with such idle person, and from whom within the space agreed of service, the said loiterer hath run away, or departed before the end of the covenant between them, and to any other person espying the same to bring, or cause to be brought the said person so living idly, and loyteringly, to two of the next Iustices of the Peace there resiant, or abiding, who hearing the proof of the idle living of the said person by the said space living idly, as is aforesaid, approved to them by two honest witnesses, or confession of the party, shall immediately cause the said loiterer to be marked with an hot Iron in the breast, the mark of V. and adjudge the said person living so idly to such presentour, to be his slave: to haue and to hold the said slave to him, his executours, or assigns for the space of two yeres then next following, and to order the said slave, as followeth: that is to say to take such person adiudged a slave with him, and onely giving the said slave bread and water, or small drink, and such refuse of meat as he shal think meet, cause the said slave to work by beating, cheyning, or otherwise, in such work and labour( how vile soever it be) as he shall put him unto. And if any maner of slave, either for loitering or for the cause before rehearsed so adjudged, shal within the space of the said two yeares here appointed run away, depart, or absent him from his said master, by the space of .xiiii. daies together, without licence: It shal not onely be lawful to his said master to pursue& search him again by virtue of this act, but also to punish such fault by chains, or beating, as is aforesaid: and against the deteinour, if any man do wyllynglye detain him, knowing him to be a slave, as is aforesaid to haue an action of trespass, and recover thereby in damages ten pounds, besides the costs and charges of the suite for so detaining his said slave. And further, every such master showing,& proving by two sufficient witnesses, the said offence and fault of his running away before two Iustices of Peace of the same county, whereof the one to be of the Quorum, the same Iustyces shal cause such slave, or loiterer to be marked on the forehead, or the ball of the cheek with an hot Iron, with the sign of an S. that he may be known for a loiterer, and a run away, and shal adiuge the loiterer, and run away to be the said Masters slave for ever. And if such slave shall the second time run away, or absent himself. if the said Master shall approve the same second running away, with two sufficient witnesses before the Iustice of peace, in their general and quarter sessions: then every such fault and running away to be adiudged felony, and such loytererer& run away to be taken as a fellow, and therof being lawfully indicted and attainted, or otherwise condemned to suffer pains of death, as other felons ought to do. provided also, and bee it enacted by authority aforesaid, that no clerk convicted shall hereafter make his purgation,& upon such purgation be delivered, and set at large otherwise then is in the Statute hereafter expressed. And be it further enacted by authority aforesaid that every clerk convict, or hereafter to be convicted, which should by the order of the lawe enjoy the benefit of their purgation, shall and may from henceforth find any man( if they can) who shall be bound with two sufficient sureties to the ordinary, in the sum of .xx. li. to the kings highnes use, to retain the said convict as his slave, and, to keep the said person so convict for the space of one year then next following, that he shal not go abroad, and at large, and then the said convict shal bee delivered to the said person so taking the same,& being bound, as is aforesaid, to be his slave for one whole year then next following by virtue of this act, in all such maner and form, and to all such intents and purposes, and with all such order laws, conditions,& penalties for ●iuining away, or other, as is aforesaid of a vagabond, taken loitering& made a slave( burning in the breast onely except:)& the ordinary by the delivery of the said convict to such person being bound, as is aforesaid to be of the keeping of the said convict clearly discharged, and exonerated by virtue of this act. And if so be that the said clerk so convict cannot find any man to be bound, as is aforesaid, to whom he may be adiudged a slave in the space of one year: then at any time after th'end of one year, after his conviction, it shalbe lawful for the said clerk convict to make his purgation, as he might before this statute, any thing in this present act to the contrary notwithstanding. And where the clerks convicted, or attainted by the order of the laws of this realm, cannot make their purgation, and should perpetually by the same remain in prison, bee it nevertheless enacted by the authority aforesaid, that if there be any maner of person, who will at any time demand the same clerk convicted, or attainted,& be bound to the ordinary with two sufficient sureties, as is above written, to keep the same as his slave, by the space of five yeres then next following, that then the same shalbe adiudged his slave for like space, with al such orders, laws, and penalties, for running away, and other orders, as is before expressed of a vacabounde adiudged to any man for a slave( the burning in the breast onely except)&. vpon the adiudgement delivered to such demandant, thordinarye from thenceforth of the keeping of such clerk convicted, or attainted, clearly exonerated, and discharged by virtue of this act. And forasmuch as diuers women and men goeth on begging wayfairing, of the which some be impotent and lame, and some able enough to labour, which do carry children about with them, some .iiii. or .v. yeres of age, or younger, or elder, which brought up in idleness might be so roted in it, that hardly they may be brought after to good thrifte and labour: or if any child above the age of five yeres,& under the age of .xiiii. yeres go idlye wandring about as a vagabond: be it enacted by the authority aforesaid, that if any maner of person will take any such child, bee it male, or female, of, and from any such beggar being the mother therof, nourisher or keeper, whether they bee willing or not, or without any such nourice, mother or keeper by himself wandering, and bring the said child so taken away before one of the Constables of the parish, and two other honest, and discrete neighbors witnesses, and before any Iustice of peace there resiant, and abiding, and promise to bring the same child up in some honest labour, or occupation till he or she come to the age of .xx. yeres the woman child. or .xxiiii. the man child: that then and immediately the said Iustice of Peace& Constable shal adjudge by virtue of this act, the said child unto the ages before specified, to be servants or apprentices to the said persons so taking and promising to be used and ordered in all points according as the lawe and custom of this realm is of servants and apprentices, to what labour occupation, or service soever the said Master shal appoint him, or her, during the said time. And if it shall fortune such child so adiudged to run away at any time, once, or more times, from his or her master, or mastres: that then it shalbe lawful for every such master, to take the said child again, and to keep and punish the said child, in chains or otherwise, and use him, or her, as his slave in all points, for the time before rehearsed, of the age of such child, that is to say, till twenty the woman child, and the man child .xxiiii. provided always, that any master, either of the men, or of the women so adiudged slaves, or of the children adiudged apprentices or servants, may let, set forth, sel, bequeathe, or give the service& labour of such slaves or servants so adiudged, as is aforesaid, to any person, or persons, to whomsoever he will, vpon such condition, and for such time of yeres as the said persons bee adiudged to him for slaves, servants, or apprentices, after such like sort and maner, as he may do of any other his movable goods or cattalles: and they for the said space and time, to be bound to all points and constructions to such lessee, donee, vendee, or assignee, as they were to their first apprehenders and maisters, by virtue of this statute. provided always,& bee it enacted by authority aforesaid: that if any such slave, or slaves, or children so adiudged, shall at any time after such adiudgement, maim, or wound their maisters or mistresses, in resisting their correction, or otherwise: or when they be Manumitted,& set again free, or in the time of their service, shall conspire with any other, or by themselves go about to murder& kill, or to maim, wound, or beate the said master or mistress, or any that was their master or mistress, or to burn their houses, barns, or corn, so that their intent come to an act tending to the effect: that then every such maim, or wound, or the going about to murder, kill, maim, wound, or beate such person or persons, as bee, or were their master or mistressesses, or to burn their houses, barns, or corn, so that their intent do come to any act tending to the same effect, as lying in wait with weapon, or any such like, shalbe accounted felony, and they shal suffer therefore pains of death, as in case of felony: except that any such person or persons as be, or had been master or mistress to any of them, or he refusing any other will take such person so offending, to their slaves, and thē he or she so offending to be adiudged to the person so willing to take him or her so offending slave for ever, and thereupon to be discharged of the felony. The same lawe and order to be had in all conditions, if it should chance the father, mother, nurse, or other the bearer about of the child or any other person, or persons, to steal away such child adiudged apprentice or servant, that is, to bee slave to such apprentices, or servants master, whose apprentice or servant was so stolen or enticed away, for ever:& the master nevertheless to take& receive his said apprentice or servant again, as if the said taking away had never be doen. Bee it also enacted by authority aforesaid, that although there be no man which shall demand such loiterer, or loiterers, as before expressed into their service, yet nevertheless the Iustice of peace in that city, borough, town, or hundred dwelling, if any such bee, or else any other Iustice of peace of the same shire, and also there dwelling, by his, or their office shalbe hereafter bound by virtue of this act, not onely to inquire of all such idle persons, but also if they do espy any such vagabonds, or idle person, or if any such bee detected unto them, to examine him, or her, of the time of their vagaboundrye: and if it shall appear to any Iustice of peace, any such man or woman to haue been a vagraunt and vagabond, or idle person, by the space as is aforesaid, to cause the same to bee marked on the breast with an. V. made with an hot iron, and also to learn and inquire of him the town, city, or village, wherein he was born, and then shall immediately give a writing in parchment sealed with his seal, to the said loiterer, of the tenor& form, which here ensueth.¶ A.B. Iustice of peace in the county of S. to the major, or chief officer of the city of. Q.( if it be a city, or to the head borough, bailiff, or Constable, or head officer of the town of Q.( if it bee a town) or to the Constable, or tithing man of the Village of C.( if it be a village) greting: According to a most, godly Statute made in the first year of the reign of our sovereign lord king Edwarde the sixte &c. we haue taken this bearer. I.K., vagrauntlye, and to the evil example of others, without master, service, or labour whereby to get his living, going loitering idlye about. And because the same saith, he was born in C. in the county of S. whereof you are the head officer or Constable. We haue sent him to you to be ordered according to the purport and effect of the same Statute. And with this writing shall deliver the same loiterer to the Constables, or other head officer of the said city, town, or Village, wherein such loiterer was taken, to be safely conveyed by them to the next Constable,& so from Constable to Constables,& other head officers, till he or she be brought to the place, the which, he or she, hath name themself to bee born in, and then to bee delivered to the head officer or Constable of that same city, Borough, or town, Village, Hamlette, or parish, there to bee nourished and kept of the same city. town, or Village, in chains, or otherwise, either at the common works, in amending high ways, or other common work, or from man to man in order, till they which may bear be equally charged to be slave to the corporation of the city, or to the inhabitants of the town or village, that he or she were born in, after all such form, condition, space of yeres, ordres, punishments for running away,& all others, as are expressed of a common or private person to whom any such loiterer is adiudged a slave. And the said city, town, or village shall see the said slave being able to labour, set on work,& not live idlye within the said precincts, vpon pain for every such default, that the said slave doth live ydly, by the default of the city, borough, or town, or village, by the space of three working dayes together, the city of forfeit .v. li. a Borough, or town incorporate xl. s. and other town or village. xx.s. whereof the one half to the king our sovereign lord, the other to him that will sue for the same, in any of the kings courts of Record, by bill, information, or action of debt, in the which suits, no essoin, wager of lawe, or protection shalbe allowed. provided and be it enacted, that the city, town, and borough corporate, by the consent of the more parte of the corporation:& the town and village not corporate, by the consent of the more parte of the inhabitants thereof, may set, sell, or give away the right, title,& interest of the said slave, to any other person, as any other common or private person may do with his slave, by the virtue of this act. provided always, and be it enacted, that if it fortune when the said vagabond is brought to the said city, town, or village, where the said person said he was born, to appear,& be manifest, that he, or shee was not there born: that then for such lie, the said vagaraunt shal be marked in the face with an. S. and be slave to the inhabitants, or corporation of the city, town, or village, where the said vagaraunte said he was born in, for ever, vpon such conditions, and orders, in all points, as of a slave marked in the face is before expressed: the same lawe, and order in all points to be had of all vagaraunt persons, and vagabonds being born in any other nation or country, then this realm, as is before expressed of Englishe idle persons,( marking in the breast or face onely excepted) that is, to be had to the next port, and there to be kept of the inhabitants of the said next port, in convenient labour, and from idleness, or otherwise, till they may be conveyed over: and then at the costs of the inhabitants of the said port, to be conveyed over into their countreyes. And forasmuch as there is many maimed,& otherwise lame, sore aged,& impotent persons, which resorteth to the city of London,& to other cities, towns,& villages, on begging: whose coming together,& making a number, doth fill the streets or high ways of diuers cities, towns, markets& fairs, who, if they were separated, might easily be nourished in the towns& places wherein they were born, or where they were, or haue been most conversant and abidinge, by the space of three yeres: Be it therfore enacted by the authority aforesaid, that all& singular Mayours, Shirifes, bailiffs, Constables, or other head officers of any city, town, or hundred, to which such resort is, or shal be, shal before the feast of the Purification of our Lady next following, see all such idle, impotent, maimed,& aged persons, who otherwise can not by their discretions bee taken for vagabonds, which were born within the said city, town, or hundred, or hath been there most conversant and abiding by the space of three yeres as is aforesaid,& now decayed, bestowed, and provided for of Tenantries, cottages, or other convenient houses, to bee lodged in, at the costs& charges of the said Cities, towns, boroughs, and villages, there to be relieved and cured by the devotion of the good people of the said city, borough, town, or village. And that they do not suffer after the time before rehearsed, any other then such as either were born, or hath been for the most parte conversant or abiding, by the space aforesaid, in the said city, borough, Village, or town, to remain and beg abroad within the precincts of such Cities, towns, villages, or handmaides: vpon pain that every such Maiours, Shirifes, and bailiffs, Constable, or other head officer, by what name so ever he be called suffering any persons to beg within the precinct of his or their such jurisdiction, other then is before rehearsed, for every three dayes shal forfeit x.s. to whomsoever will sue therfore, by bill, information, or action of debt, in any court of record, in the which suits, no essoing, wager of lawe, nor protection shalbe allowed. And for the better performance hereof: be it enacted by authority aforesaid, that the major of the city of London, and all othor Maiours, bailiffs, Shirifes, Constables, and other head officers of every city, and town corporate, do with al convenient speed by themselves, or their sufficient deputies by them appointed, before the feast of the Purification next coming, and so from time to time, every month once, make a view and examination of aged, impotent, and lame {per}sons, beggars, as be within the precinct of their jurisdiction, and see all such as were not born, nor hath been for the most parte conversant and abiding there by the space for three yeares complete, conveyed on horseback, cart, or chariotte, or otherwise, as shall seem by their discretions, to the next Constables, and they to convey the same to the next Constables,& so from Constables to Constables, till the said persons be brought to the place where they were born, or most conversant and abiding, as is aforesaid, there to be provided for, kept, and nourished of almose, as is aforesaid: vpon the pain that every such Mayour, sheriff, or Constable, head borough, or head officer not making view not sending or conueyghing away, not receiving, or not providing, as is before appointed, according to the true purport or meaning of this act, to forfeit for every such default xl. s. Whereof the one half to the kings use, the other to the party that will sue therefore in any of the kings courts of record, by bill, information, action of debt, in the which suits, none essoin, wager of law, nor protection shalbe allowed. provided always, that yf any of the said aged, maimed, or impotent persons of the Cities, towns, or villages where they were born in, or had their most abiding, as is aforesaid, be not so lame or impotent, but that they may work in some maner of work: that then such city, town, parish, or Village, do either in common provide some such work for them, as they may bee occupied in, or appoint them to such as will find them work for meate and drink. And yf they refuse of wilfulness and stubburnesse to work, or do run away, and beg in other places, then to punish the same according to their discretions, with cheyning, beating, or otherwise, as shal seem to them convenient. And for the more furtherance of the relief of such which are in unfeigned misery, and to whom charity ought to be extended: be it enacted by authority aforesaid, that every Sundaye and holy day, after the reading of the gospel of the day, the Curate of every parish do make,( according to such talent as God hath given him) a godly and brief exhortation to his Parishioners: moving and exciting them to remember the poor people, and the duty of Christian charity, in relieving of them, which bee their brethren in christ, born in the same parish,& neding their help. provided always, that if it shal chance any such adiudged apprentice, servant, or slave, as is before rehearsed, to haue inheritance descended unto him, or her, or any other ways, by the laws of this realm̄, ward, or bondman, or neife of blood, by, or from any of his auncestoures, to any person or persons: That then it shalbe lawful to any such person or persons, to whom any such ward, bonde man, or neife shall apperteigne, to seize and take such wards, bonde men, or neifes, and them to reteigne and keep, as their wards, bonde men, or neifes, And the said wards, bonde men, and neifes shalbe discharged of the said slavery, or other servitude, or bondage above rehearsed: this statute, or any thing therein contained, to the contrary in any wise notwithstanding. And also bee it enacted, that if any such servant, apprentice, slave, or slaves, which shall haue at any time hereafter any advancement or living, accrue, come, or grow unto him, or any of them, whereby he, or they may haue a convenient living, that then, and from thenceforth, he or they so being advanced, to be discharged of their slavery, servitude, and bondage: this act, or any thing therein contained to the contrary in any wise notwithstanding. Any woman being a servant, apprentice, or slave, as is aforesaid, being married within the age of xx. yeres, without the assent of her master, until she shal accomplish and come to the said age of xx. yeres, onely excepted. Bee it also enacted, that all leprous, and poor beddered creatures, whatsoever they bee, may at their own liberty remain and continue in such houses appointed for leprous, or beddred people, as they now be in,& shal not be compelled to repair into any other countreys or places, by the virtue of this act: any thing therein contained to the contrary notwithstanding. And that also it shalbe lawful unto the said leprous and beddred people, for their better reliefs, to appoint their Proctor or Proctors, so there be not appointed above the number of two persons, for any one house of leprous beddred people, to gather the charitable almose of all such inhabitants, as shalbee within the compass of .iiii. miles of any of the said houses of leprous and beddred persons. And be it ordained and enacted by the authority abovesaid, that it shalbe lawful to every person, to whom any person in form abovesaid, shal be adiudged a slave, to put a ring of iron about his neck, arm, or his leg, for a more knowledge and surety of the keeping of him. And that if any person or persons do take, or help to take any such bonde of iron from any such slave, that then every person so doing without the licence or assent of his master, shall forfeit for every such default x. pounds sterling. Be it further enacted, that this present act shall before the first day of march next coming, be openly proclaimed in every city, Corporate town, and market town, vpon the market day: and also from thenceforth shall yearly bee red in every shire openly in two general quarter sessions of the peace, that is to say, at the general quarter sessions after midsummer, and the general quarter sessions next after Christemas, to the intent that every person may haue knowledge thereof, and that this act shall endure unto the end of the next parliament. provided always,& be it enacted, that it shalbe lawful to the lord chancellor of England, or the Lord keeper of the great seal for the time being at their discretions to grant commission under the great seal of england, to every, or any person or persons that hath, or shal haue his or their houses or barns burnt, or such losses, to gather the relief and charity of others for their aid and help, of his or their losses, decay, or hindrance, as in time past hath been used: any thing contained in this act notwithstanding. ¶ An act for tenors holden in Capite.¶ The .iiii. chapter. WHere before this time, ambiguities, questions,& doubts haue been moved& stirred in diuers& sundry the kings courts of record, whether such honours, castles, manors, lands, tenemnts,& other hereditamnts are holden of the king in Capite, which any his loving subiectes do hold by knights service, Socage, or other services of the king, as of his Duchies, Erledomes, Baronies, honours, castles, manors, lands, tenements, fees, and seignouries, which haue come to the hands& possession of diuers of his hyghenes most noble progenitors, by atteindour of treason, misprision of treason, atteindours of praemunire,& provision had& doen by act of parliament, by verdict, comfession, conviction, or vtlagarie,& offices or no offices thereupon found, or by the dissolution, surrender, or giving up to the king, or to any his noble progenitors, of any religious or Ecclesiastical houses or places, or of any Manoures, lands, tenements, and other hereditaments, to any of the same religious or Ecclesiastycal houses or places in any wise appertaining or belonging, or no: By means of which doubt so moved, his said humble and obedient Subiectes and tenants haue been heretofore much vnquieted, molested, and grieved: wherefore the king our sovereign lord, minding, and entierlye desiring the quietness of his said Subiectes, and that the certainty of his laws in that behalf might bee known, and declared to his said loving subiectes, for a plain declaration and resolution to bee had, of, for, and concerning the premisses at the humble petition and suite of the lords and commons in this present parliament assembled, doth ordain, declare, and enact by the assent of the lords Spiritual and temporal, and of the commons in this present parliament assembled, and by the authority of the same, that all such honours, Castles, manors, lands, tenements, and other hereditaments, and every of them, which now bee, or at any time hereafter shal be holden of the king, or of any of his heires or successors, by any of his said Subiectes, by knights service, Socage, or otherwise, as of any of his or their dukedoms, earldoms, Baronies, Castles, manors, lands, tenements, Fees, or Seignories, which bee come to the king, or his most noble progenitoures, or hereafter shall come to the king, his heirs or successors, by means of any such Attainder, conviction, vtlagarie, or of any such dissolution, surrendre, or giving up of any Religious or Ecclesiastical houses or places, or of any manors, lands, tenements, or hereditaments, to any of the said religious or ecclesiastical houses or places in any wise belonging or appertaining, shall not from henceforth bee adiudged, deemed, taken or construed to any intent, construction or purpose, to be holden in Capite, or as tenor in Capite: any ambignitie, question, or doubt heretofore moved to the contrary notwithstanding. provided always, and be it enacted by the authority aforesaid, that this act or any thing therein contained, shall not in any wise be prejudicial ne hurtful to the king, his heires or successors, to, for, or concerning any wardeship, livery, primer season, fine for alienation, or to, or for any other profit or advantage, which now is come, or hereafter shal, or may come, fall, or grow to the king, his heirs, or successoures, by or from any person or persons, which now doth, or hereafter shal hold any honours, seigniouries, castles, manors, lands, tenements, or other hereditaments of the king in chief, as of his person, or of any other his ancient possessions, and being not come to the king by any such attainder, confession, conviction, vtlagarie, dissolution, giving up, or surrender, as bee abovesaid. provided always,& be it enacted by the authority aforesaid, that this present act, or any thing therein contained, or specified, shall not in any wise, or by any means, give any advantage, liberty, or profit to any tenant or owner in Fee simplo, of any Honours, manors, lands, tenements, or other hereditaments, which haue heretofore sued any special or general livery, or ouster le main, out of the hands of the king, or of any his noble progenitors, of any Honours, manors, lands, tenements, or other hereditaments, by what tenor or service they were, or be holden, or that haue, or shall confess by any matter of record, any tenor in chief of the king, but that they, their heirs and assigns shall haue and hold the same manors, lands, tenements, and other hereditaments, in like maner and form, as they did before the making of this present Act,& as though this present act had never been had, ne made: any thing above declared and enacted to the contrary notwithstanding. ¶ An act that no horses shalbe conveyed out of this realm, and other the kings dominions without licence.¶ The .vi. chapter. WHere before this time, diuers of the kings Subiectes, and namely of the North partes of this realm, aswell in time of peace as of war, haue conveyed, sold, given,& delivered out of this realm, aswell into Stotland, as into other foreign realms, beyond the Sea, many& diuers great multitude of horses, geldings and mares, which haue been thought, as well great occasion, strength& boldness to the Scottishmen,& other the kings foreign enemes, having in possession the same horses, geldings,& mares, in time of war to invade this realm̄, as also a great decay of the good breed of horses and mares, which before time hath been within this realm, to the great detriment& hindrance of the kings poor subiectes towards the defence of this realm and other his deminions. For remedy whereof: be it therfore enacted by our sovereign lord the king,& by the commons in this present parliament assembled,& by the authority of the same, that yf any person or persons, after the first day of january next coming, do sell, exchange, give, convey, or deliver into the realm of Scotland, to the use of any Scottisheman, or do carry, give, exchange, sell, sand, convey, or deliver into any place beyond the sea out of this realm, or the dominions of the same, any horse, gelding, or mere, without special licence therefore to bee obtained of the kings highnes, or of his heires, under the great seal of this realm, or under the privy signate: or if any person or persons, after the first day of january, do sell, exchange, give, or deliver to any scottishmen within this realm of England, or Wales, the towns of Berwike, or the marches of the same, to thintent to be conveyed into Scotland, any horse, gelding, or mere, or do conueighe, or carry any horse, mere, or gelding into any foreign parties beyond the sea, without like special licence obtained of the kings highness, or of his heires, under the great seal, or privy signate as is aforesaid: that then the same person and persons so offending contrary to this act, shal lose and forfeit to our sovereign lord and his heirs, the same horse, mere, or gelding, so carried and conueyghed, and shall also lose and forfeit the sum of forty pounds for every such horse, gelding, or mere, so to be conveyed& carried in form aforesaid: whereof the one moiety to bee to the king,& the other moiety to him, or thē, that will sue for the same, by information, action of debt, or detinue in any of the kings courts of record, in which suite, no wager of lawe, essoin, ne protection shalbe allowed. And that also all& every person and persons so offending, contrary to this act, shal suffer imprisonment by the space of one whole year. And be it further enacted by the authority aforesaid, that it shalbe leeful, as well to the warden& wardens of the East, west,& middle marches, for the time being, in their warden courts, as also to all and every the kings Iustices of Peace in every shire, as well in england, as in Wales, in their quarter sessions, to inquire of all and every offence or offences hereafter to be perpetrated, committed, or doen contrary to this act: And that it shalbe lawful to all and every person& persons being the kings subiectes, to arrest& vnprison every scottishmen,& all& every other person, or persons, which shall lead, or conueyghe contrary to the meaning of this act, any such horse, gelding, or mere, out of this realm into the said realm of Scotland, or into any other foreign place beyond the sea, other then such persons, as hereafter shall haue sufficient warrant, by, or from the kings highness or his heires, under his, or their great seal, or privy signate, according to the meaning of this act. provided always,& be it enacted by the authority aforesaid, that yf the king our sovereign Lord, his heires or successors, at any time hereafter, under his great seal, or privy signate, do give licence to any person or persons, to carry or convey any horses, mares, or geldings, into Stotland, or into any other parte beyond the Sea, or else do give authority, power, or commandment to any person or persons, by warrant, under the kings great seal, to licence any other person or persons to carry, or conueighe any Horses, Mares, or geldings into Scotlande, or into any parties beyond the sea, that then it shalbe lawful, as well to all and singular person& persons having such licence under the kings great seal, or privy signate, as to all and every other person, and persons, having licence in writtinge under the seal of such person, or persons, to whom the king shall give authority, power, or commandment in form abovesaid, to licence other person or persons to carry or convey any horses, mares, or geldings into Scotlande, or into any parties beyond the sea, to carry& conueigh such numbre of horses, geldings or mares, or any of them into Scotland, or into any of the parties beyond the sea, as shal be mentioned in any such licence, as is before specified any thing mentioned in this act, to the contrary in any wise notwithstanding. provided always, and be it enacted by the authority aforesaid, that this act, ne any thing therein contained, shal in any wise extend, to any person or persons, which at any time hereafter shall carry or conueighe any horse, mere, or gelding into Scotlande, or into any other foreign parties beyond the sea, to serve the king in his warres, with the same horses, Mares, or geldinges, any thing mentioned in this act, to the contrary in any wise notwithstanding. And to the intent the kings majesty shal not hereafter be deceived in the number of such horses, mares, or geldinges, which hereafter shal be carried and conveyed into Scotlande, ne that the parties, which hereafter shal obtain any licence by force of this act, for the carriage or conueighaunce of any horses, mares, or geldings, to bee carried or conueyghed into Scotlande: Bee it therfore enacted by authority aforesaid, that all and every such person& persons, which hereafter shal be licensed according to this act, to carry or convey any horses, mares, or geldings into Scotlande, shall before the same carriage, or conueyghaunce, vpon the pain of forfeiture of the said horse, mere, or gelding or the double value thereof: whereof the one moiety to be to the king,& the other moiety to him, or them that will sue for the same by such like action, as before is limited in this act, show his or their said licence, to one of the three wardens of the three marches of england, to thintent that one of the said wardens shal cause the number of the said horses, mares, or geldings so lycenced to bee conveyed into Scotlande, not onely to be kalendard in a book, to remain in his own custody: but also to be endorced and written on the backeside of the said licence, and the same endorsement to be signed with the hand of the said warden. provided always, that it shalbe lawful to every of the kings Subiectes, that shall pass over beyond the sea, to ship and carry with them, horses, or geldings, for their own occupation in their journeys, and not to the intent to sell the same beyond the sea: And that intent to bee judged by the oath of him, or them, that so will carry over any horse, or gelding, which oath shalbe taken before the Customers, or their deputies, or searcher of every such port, where the same horse, or gelding shalbe shipped before the shipping thereof. provided always, that the warden of the five ports now being, or hereafter to be, may yearly at his pleasure, give six horses, or geldings,& no more, within one year, at one, or diuers times, vpon like pain as is aforesaid, to any person or persons, in the parties beyond the seas, being in amity with the kings highnesse, or his successors: this act or any thing therein, to the contrary notwithstanding. provided also, that this act, nor any thing therein mentioned, bee in any wise hurtful or prejudicial to the master of the kings horses, now& hereafter to be, for such things& commodities, as shall& do concern his office, any thing in this act to the contrary notwithstanding. provided also, that it shalbe lawful to any the kings Subiectes, to carry, or send into any partes beyond the sea, any mares, whereof the price of any one mere so to be carried, doth not exceade. x.s. in such and like maner, as Mares being of the price of vi. s. viii. d. haue been, or might haue been conveyed over the Seas, before the making of this act: any thing in this act, or in any other act or acts heretofore made to the contrary hereof notwithstanding. ¶ An act for the continuance of making of wolsted yarn in norfolk.¶ The .vi. chapter. WHere the greatest,& almost the whole number of the poor inhabitants of the county of norfolk,& the city of norwich, be, and haue been heretofore for a great time maintained,& gotten their living by spinning of the wolles growing in the said county of norfolk vpon the rock into yarn,& by all the said time haue used to haue their access to common markets within the said county and city, to buy their wolles there to be spun as is aforesaid, of certain persons called retailers of the same wolles be eight penny worth, and twelve pennyworth at one time or thereabout, and haue not used to buy, ne can buy their said wool of the breders of the same wolles by such small parcels, as well for that the said breders of the said wolles will not sell their said wolles by such small parcels, as also for that the most parte of the said poor persons dwell far of from the said breders of the said wolles: And forasmuch as by an act of parliament made in the xxxvii. year of the reign of the noble king of famous memory Henry the viii. all persons be restreigned vpon a great pain, to bye any wolles to sell the same again, except merchants of the Staple, for the onely provision of the Staple, as in the said act among other things more at large it is contained: therfore the said retailers of wolles in the said county of norfolk and city of norwich, which heretofore haue used to buy wolles, and to sell them again to the said poor persons in overt markets as is aforesaid, haue since the making of the said estatut in eschewing the danger and pain provided by the same, ceased and left to bye the said wolles, for the relief of the said poor persons: By reason whereof, the same poor persons inhabiting within the said county of norfolk and city of Norwich, that hath heretofore been spinners, and maintained by spinninge of the said wolles, be now unoccupied and vnset a work, and a great number of them enforced to beg for lack of work, to the utter decay and ruin of the poor people of the said county and city, and the inhabitants thereof, unless some remedy be therein provided. In consideration whereof, it may please the kings most royal majesty, by the assent of the lords spiritual& temporal,& the commons in this present parliament assembled, and by authority of the same, that all and every person and persons dwelling and inhabiting within the said county of norfolk and city of norwich, or in either of them, by his, or themselves, or by his, or their factors, servant or servants may lawfully from henceforth without pain, forfeiture, danger, or breach of any lawe or ordinance, to buy and bargain wolles, and take and make provision to buy or bargain wolles growing, or that shal grow only within the said county of norfolk, in as large and like maner and form as the same inhabitants within the said county and city might,& did use to do before the making of the said act of parliament,& as the said act of parliament had never been had or made, so that the same person and {per}sons so buiynge or barganing, or making promise to buy or bargain the said wolles, do sell or retail the same again in the common market, or other open place within the said county of norfolk, or city of norwich, to any person or persons at their pleasure and liberty that will bie the same, or any parcel therof, dwelling and inhabiting within the said county and city of norwich, or any of them, that shall or will spin the same within the said county of norfolk, and city of norwich, or any of them: the said former act, or any article, clause or sentence therein contained, or any other act or acts, lawe, or ordinance heretofore made, to the contrary thereof in any wise notwithstanding. And where in the parliament holden at westminster the xxxiii. year of the reign of our said late Souereine Lord the king, it was amongst other things enacted thus, as ensueth, or like in effect, that is to say, that no person or persons from hensefoorth, should buy, ne cause to bee bought within the said city of norwich, or county of norfolk, any yarn spun of the rock, called wolsted yarn, the which should then after that bee spun within the said county or city, but such person or persons being weuers of woolsted, Russels, Stamine, says, and such other like Clothes, within the said city or county, that should weue or work, or cause to be woven or wrought in woolsted, Stamine, Russelles, says, or such other like clothes, the said yarn so bought, or caused to bee bought within the said city or county, in the city of norwich, or in some market town within the said county: vpon the pain and forfeiture for every pound weight of the said yarn called wolsted yarn, so bought within the said county or city, and not woven or wrought, as is aforesaid, within the said city or county, forty shillings, the one half therof to be to the king our sovereign Lord, and the other half thereof to be to him, or them that should then after that sue for the same by bill, information, action of debt, or otherwise in any court of record, in which said action, bill, or information, no essoin, wager of law, foreign plea, or protection should bee allowed. And where it is also ordained in the said act, that yf any person or persons, did after the first day of April thē next after the said act ensuing, ship, or carry, or convey, or cause to bee shipped, to carry, or convey into the parties beyond the Sea, or did carry or convey into the partes beyond the sea, any yarn called woolsted yarn not made, or wrought in cloth, so that such yarn were spun with in this realm, that then every person& persons so shipping, conueighing, and carrying, or causing such yarn so to be shipped, carried, and conveyed should forfeit for every pound of woolsted yarn so shypped, conveyed, or carried. xl.s. the one half thereof to be to our said sovereign lord the king,& the other half therof to him, or them that should sue for the same, by bill, information, or action of debt in any of the kings courts of Record, as in the said act the same, or the like in effect, more plainly doth& may appear. And forasmuch as the said act was made& ordained to continue& endure until the Parliament then after that next ensuing,& hath been sithence by other general acts continued until this present Parliament,& was not by any of the said acts ordained to continue for ever: It may now please the kings most excellent majesty, with thassent of the lords spiritual& temporal,& the commons in this present Parliament assembled,& by authority of the same, that all the afore resited act for yarn, with al the words, forfeitures, pains,& sentences before recited, as the same before recited and declared, may from henceforth be enacted to continue,& to bee taken for an act to continue for ever to al intents& purposes, according to the said words, sentences,& the purport therof before in this act recited provided always that it shalbe leeful to every person& persons, being a hat maker, or hat makers, dwelling within the said city of norwich, to buy such of the said woolsted yarn, as is called and known by the name of middle vffe yarn, as they and every of them haue heretofore done,& used to do, so that the same middle vffe yarn so bought by the said hatmakers, or hatmaker, be wrought in hats, or employed to hatmaking within the said city, any thing before recited, to the contrary thereof notwithstanding. ¶ The .vii. chapter.¶ An act for the continuance of Actions after the death of any king. WHere the kings subiectes heretofore haue to their great costs, charges, and expenses, prosecuted, and sued diverse and sundry Actions, as well real and personal, as all other Actions mixed, or otherwise, in the kings Maiestyes courts and other courts of record, not only by writs, but also by plaint or bills, which actions, suits, bills, and plaints, by the death, or demyse of the kings of this realm, haue been dyscontinued, and the parties in every such actions, suits, bills,& plaints, thereby haue been put without day, whereby the demaundaunts, playntifes, and actors in every such action and suite were compelled and driven by the order of the laws of this realm, for their further remedy, to commence& begin again his, or their said actions, suits, or plaints, or else to prosecute,& sue resommons, attachements, Scire facias, or such other like, process to revive his or their said actions, suits, or plaints, which was not only to their great costs, charges, expenses, hinderaunces,& delay of their causes& suits, but also a great let and hindrance of iustice, for reformation whereof, be it ordained, established,& enacted by the king our sovereign lord,& the lords& commons in this present parliament assembled, and by the aucthorytye of the same, that from henceforth by the death, or demise of the kings majesty that now is,( whose life almighty God long preserve, keep& maintain in his most royal estate) nor by the death or demise of any that hereafter shal be king of this realm, any action, suite, bill, or plaint, now, or that hereafter shall depend between party and party in any of the courts aforesaid shal not in any wise be discontynued, or put without day: But that the process, pleas, demurs, and continuaunces in every action, actyons, suits, bills, or plaints, which now, or that hereafter shal depend shall stand good and effectual, and be prosecuted,& sued forth in such maner& form,& in the same estate, condition and order, as if the same king had lived, or continued in full life, the death or demise hereafter of any king of this realm notwithstanding. And that all& all maner of judicial process that hereafter shalbe had, or pursued in the time of the reign of any other king, then reigned at the time of the pursuit of the original, or other former process, shalbe made in the name of the king, that for the time shall reign, and be king of this realm, and that variance touching the same process between the names of the kings, shal not be in any wise material, as concerning any default to bee alleged, or objected therefore. And also be it further established and enacted by thaucthority aforesaid that al& every assize of novel disseisin, assize of mortdauncestour, juris vtrum,& attaint, which at any time hereafter shal be arreygned, commenced or sued before any of the kings Iustices of assize, shal not from henceforth be discontinued or put without day, by reason of death, new commission, associacion, or not coming of the same Iustices of assize, or any of them, but shal stand good& effectual in the lawe, to all intents, constructions and purposes, the death, new commission associacion, or not coming of the same Iustices, or any of thē, in any wise notwithstanding. And over that, be it ordained& enacted by the authority aforesaid, that albeit any demandant or plaintiff in any maner of action, bill, or suite, shall fortune to bee made, or created Duke, archbishop, Marques, earl, Viscount, Baron, Bishop, Knight, Iustice of the one bench, or of the other, or sergeant at lawe, depending the same action, bill, or suite, yet that notwithstanding, that no writ, action, or suite, shall for such cause in any wise bee abatable or abated, but shal remain in like force, goodness,& strength, as the same was before, any lawe, or usage to the contrary in any wise notwithstanding. And also be it ordained and enacted by the authority aforesaid, that albeit any person, or persons being Iustice of assyse, justice of Gaole delivery: or Iustice of peace within any of the kings dominions, or being in any other of the kings commissions whatsoever, shall fortune to be made, or created Duke, archbishop, Marques, earl, Viscount, baron, Bishop, Knight, justice of thone bench, or of the other, or sergeant at law, or sheryf, yet that notwithstanding, he,& they shal remain justice& commissioner,& haue full power& authority to execute the same, in like maner& form, as he, or they might, or ought to haue dō before the same. And be it ordained& enacted by the authority aforesaid, that in al cases, where any person, or persons heretofore haue ben, or hereafter shal be found guilty of any maner of treason, murder, manslaughter, rape or other felony whatsoever, for the which iudgement of death should, or may ensue,& shalbe repried to prison without iudgement at that time given against him, her, or them so found guilty, that those persons that at any time hereafter shal by the kings letters patents bee assigned Iustices to deliver the Gaole, where any such person or persons found guilty shall remain, shal haue full power and authority to give iudgement of death against such person so found guilty, and repried, as the same iustices( before whom such person or persons was, or were found guilty) might haue done, if their commission of Gaole delivery had remained& continued in full force& strength. And over that, that no maner of process, or svit made, sued, or had before any Iustyces of assize, gaole delivery, Oyer and terminer, iustice of peace, or other of the kings commissyoners, shal, ne in any wise be discontinued by the making& publishing of any new commission or associacion, or bee altering of the names of the iustices of assize, gaole delivery, Oyer and terminer, iustices of peace or other the kings commissioners, but that the new iustices of assize, Gaole delivery, and of the peace,& other commissioners may procede in every behalf, as if the old commissions, and Iustices,& commissioners had still remained& continued not altered. ¶ The viii. chapter.¶ An act for the confirmation of letters patents. WHere the kings most excellent highnesse sithence the .xxviii. day of Ianuarie, in the first year of his Maiestyes reign, as well vpon diverse and sundry good considerations, his majesty specyallye moving, as also otherwise, hath bargained, sold, exchanged, given, restored, and granted by his graces several letters patents, indentures, or other writings sealed under his highness great seal of england, the seal of his duchy of Lancaster, and the seal of the court of Augmentacion,& the revenues of his crown, or any of them, as well to bodies politic& corporate, as to diuers and sundry of his loving and obedient subiects, diverse and sundry honours, castles, manners, lands, tenements, rents, reuercions, services, personages appropriated, aduowsons, tithes, oblacyons, pensions, porcyons, franchises, privileges, liberties& other hereditaments, commodities& profits in fee simplo, fee tail, for term of life, or lives, or for term of yeares, as in the same several letters patents, Indentures,& other writings is mentioned& declared: In avoiding, disturbing, hurting, or hindering of the said several letters patents, Indentures, and other writings, and of the said manors, lands, tenements, hereditaments, and other things in them contained, sundry and many ambiguities, doubts,& questions haue or might hereafter happen to be moved, objected, alleged, invented, procured, or sterred, aswell for misnaming, misrecital, or none recital of any of the same Honours, castles, manors, lands, tenements, and other the premises, or any parcel therof, or for lack of finding of offices, or inquisicions, of, and in the premises, whereby the title of the kings highnes therein ought to haue been found before the making of the same letters patents, or other writing, or for misrecitall, or none recital of lesses therof before made, aswell of record as not of record, or for lack of the certeintye, miscasting, rating, or setting forth of the yearly valves and rates of the premises, or of the yearly rents reserved, of, and for the premises, or any parcel therof mentioned, or contained in any of the said letters patents, or other writings, or for that the premisses bee, or any part thereof is valued to a more, or less value in the said letters patents, or writings, then the said honours, manors, lands, tenements and other the premises then were or shalbe in yearly value, or for mysnaming of the towns, hamlettes, parishes, or counties, where the same honours, castles, manbrs, lands, tenements, rents, hereditaments and other the premises, and every parcel therof, or any parcel thereof lain, or been, or for lack of the true naminge of the natures, kinds, sorts, and quantities of the said possessions, or hereditaments, or any parcel thereof, or for lack of the true naming of the corporation of the same bodies politic, or corporate, or for lack of attornement, lyuerie, or season, or for misnaming of any of the late tenants, or farmers of the same premises so sold, given, granted, or exchanged, as for diverse and sundry other suggestions and surmises, not comprised in the said letters patents, which hereafter might happen to be moved, surmised, or procured against the same letters patents. For remedy& reformation whereof be it ordained and enacted by the kings most excellent highnesse, with thassent of the lords spiritual& temporal,& the commons in this present parliament assembled,& by thaucthoritye of the same, that aswell al& every the said letters patents, indentures,& other writings,& every of thē sealed with, or under the seal or seals above name, or any of them made, or granted by the kings highnes sithence the .xxviii. day of january last past, as also al and singular his graces letters patents, indentures, and other writings hereafter, during his highnesse life( which our Lord long continue) to be had, made, or granted with, or under any of the seals abovesaid, to any body politic, or corporate, or to any other person, or persons of any Honours, castles manors, lands, tenements, rents, reuercions, services, personages, tithes, pensions, portions, aduowsons, nominacions, presentacions, franchises, liberties, and other hereditaments, commodities, possessions,& profeictes, of what kind, nature, or quality soever they, or any of thē be, is, or shal be, or by whatsoever name or names they or any of them, be, is, or shalbe name, known, or reputed, shall stand& bee taken, reputed& judged good, sure, perfeict, effectual,& available in the law, during the statutes in them limited& specified, to al intents, respects, constructions& purposes against the king his heires,& successors without any confirmation, licence, dispensation, or toleracion of the king, his heires or successors: any the causes or matters above mentioned, contained, or hereafter during his said highnes life to be contained, had, or made in any such letters patents, indentures, or other writyngs by the king our sovereign lord, to the contrary in any wise notwithstanding. provided alway, that this act, ne any thing therein contained, shal not in any wise extend to revive, or make good any letters patents made of any office, or offices to any controller, customer, alneger, or searcher ne to any letters patents of the grant of any other office, or offices heretofore granted, or made by our said sovereign lord the king which now is, or be, or at any time heretofore haue been adnichelated, determined, or made void by judgment, by authority of parliament or decree, nor to any patent to be made to any person or persons for term of yeres, or during the minority of an heir, of, or in any manors, lands or tenements, whereof any hour-glass hereafter shal be tendered within three months after any office found and certified into any of the kings courts of record, ne to any leases, or grants of any manors, lands, or tenements of our said sovereign lords hereafter to bee made under any of the seals of the courts aforesaid, contrary to the limytacyon, ordinance, provision, establishment and authority of the same courts, any thing in this act contained to the contrary t. provided also, and be it enacted, that this act, nor any thing therein contained shal not extend to make any letters patents of any office, or offices, to be of any other effect, force, or strength, thē the same letters patents were, or should haue been before the making of this act. provided alway, and be it enacted by the authority aforesaid, that al and singular such patents, grantees, donees, as any time hereafter during the life of our said sovereign Lord( which almighty God long preserve) shal fortune to haue, or obtain any castles, manors, lands, tenements, tithes pensions, portions, or other hereditaments of the gift, grant, sale, or exchange of the kings majesty, or of the onely gift of the kings majesty, of his most liberal dysposycion, and not sold, which at the day of the date of the letters Patents therof made, shal be of more, or better yearly value to the king in yearly rent and ferme, then shal be contained, mentioned, and specified in any such letters patents, and particulars thereof made by the particular surveyor, or Surueiours thereof,& in such bill or bills, as shal be signed and sealed with the hand, or hands of the patentee, or patentees therof to be exhibyted to the kings majesty, or his officer or officers, within whose survey the said manors, lands, and tenements, and other the premises, or any parte therof shal be, or within any of them, which bill shalbe signed, sealed, had, and made, as is aforesaid, before any bill shalbe therof signed by the kings majesty, that then every of the said patentees, grantees, and donees, their heires, executours, and admynistratours within one year next after due proof, and decrees therof made and had in the court, within whose survey the same castles, manors, lands, tenements,& other the premises, or any parcel therof, before the said gifts and grants were, shal content and pay to the king for the same overplus,& more value of the same manors, lands, tenements, tithes, pensions, portions,& other hereditaments to him sold, or exchanged, after such rate, as other lands, and tenements were before to him sold or exchanged, and for the overplus and more value of such lands and tenements as shal happen to be given by the kings majesty, and not sold, as is abovesaid, the said patentee, his heirs, executours, or administrators shal content and pay to the king after the rate of twenty yeres purchase, so that the same proof and decree be had,& made in maner& form abovesaid, within .x. yeres next after the date of the said letters patents. ¶ The .ix. chapter.¶ An act for the uniting of certain churches within the city of york. WHere in the ancient city of york and suburbs of the same there are many parish churches, which heretofore the same being well inhabited and replenished with people, were good and honest livings for learned Incumbents, by reason of the privy tithes of the rich merchants, and of the offerings of a great multitude, which livings is now so much decayed by the ruin and decay of the said city, and of the trade of merchandise there, that the revenues and profits of diuers of the same benefices are at this present not above the clear yearly value of. xxvi.s. viii. d. so that a great sort of them are not a compentent and honest living for a good curate: yea, and no person will take the cure, but that of necessity there is some chaunterie Priest, or elles some late religious person being a stypendarie taken and appointed to the said cure and benefice, which for the most parte are unlearned, and very ignorant personnes, not able to do any parte of their duties: By reason whereof the said city is not onely replenished with blind guides and Pastours, but also the people much kept in ignorance, as well of their duties towards God, as also towards the kings majesty, and the common wealth of this realm, and to the great danger of their souls: In consideration whereof, and for the better relief and order of the said city, it may please the kings majesty by thassent of the lords spiritual& temporal and the commons in this present parliament assembled,& by thaucthoryritie of the same, that from henceforth it shalbe lawful to the Maior,& Recorder of the said city,& the ordinary or his deputy,& vi. Iustices of peace in the said city, to vnyte& knit together the said parishes into fewer number, that is to wete, so many of the said parishes into one parish, as to them shalbe thought convenient to be a living for one honest incumbent, so the clear yearly value of one parish exceed not .xx. li. by year, and so to procede through the said city and suburbs of the same. And that it shalbe lawful for the said Maior, Recorder, and Aldermen, to pull down the churches, which they shal think superfluous in thesaid city and suburbs of the same, and to bestow the same toward the reparations and enlargement of other churches, of the bridges in the said city, and to the relyefe of the poor people, And further, that the said Maior, Recorder, ordinary, or his deputy,& .vi. Iustices of peace being Aldermen, shal allot& appoint the presentment& patronage of the church so united to the patrons of al the churches, to knit in one parish that they may make their presentments by turn, every one according to their quantity of his former patronage. provided always and be it enacted by the authority aforesaid, the al such incumbents of the churches aforesaid, that shal be put down by virtue of this act, shall haue the yearly value of their benefice after the rate they do pay tenths during their lives, so they will do service therfore in the churches appointed for the parish church, according to their former duties: And if they refuse to serve, then they onely during their lives to haue the third parte of the value as is aforesaid,& to be paid at the hands of the incumbent of the parish church to be appointed provided also, and be it enacted by thaucthority aforesaid, that the incumbents of every such church, which by virtue of this act shallbe made and ordained for the parish church,& whereunto any other parish, or parishes shal be united, shal after the union therof, yearly pay● the tenths to be due for the same to the kings majesty, his heires& successors of the same church, and of al other churches thereunto united& annexed. And the said incumbents of the parish church so vnyted to haue his allowance of the incumbents of the churches so united thereunto, during their several lives, according to the rate and portion of the churches so united, as shal be assigned by the abovesaid persons, having authority by this act to unite the same. And the successor& successors of every such incumbent of every such church, as shall be made the parish church,& whereunto any church or parish shall bee united by force of this act, shall pay, or compound for the first fruits thereof at every auoidaunce before his induction to the same, according to such yearly value, at such church or churches, as shal be made a parish church& whereunto any church, or churches, parish, or Parishes shal be united by force of this act, shal be of, at the time of the union therof, and as if it had been of such like yearly value at the time of making of the statute for first fruits and tenths, and of no greater value: any ordinance, statute, or lawe, to the contrary notwithstanding. ¶ The .x. chapter.¶ An act for exigentes& proclamations in Wales,& in the county Palantine of Chester,& also in the city of Chester. WHere in the high Court of Parliament holden at westminster the .xxvii. year of the most prosperous reign of the late famous king Henry the eight, by the assent of the lords spiritual and temporal, and the commons assembled in the said high court of Parliament: it was enacted and established by authority of the same Parlyamente, that his highnesse dominion and princypalytie of Wales, and of manors, lands, tenements, and other dominions within the said dominion and pryncipalitye of Wales should be divided into twelve Shyeres, or Counties, that is to say, the shires or counties of Glamorgan, Radnour, Brecknok, Karmerthen, Penbroke, Cardigan, Merionneth, Mongomerie, Flinte, Carnaruan, Anglesie,& Denbigh, in every of which said counties& shyeres, amongst the officers yearly appointed, it was then ordained that there should be distinct and several shirifes yearly,& also where the counties Palantine of Chester, and of the city of Chester, be ancient and several counties Palantine of themselves, in al which said counties, the kings writ hath not, nor yet doth not run: So that the proclamation awarded vpon any exigent against any person or persons, in any action, wherein process of outlawry doth lie according to the statute made in the .vi. year of the reign of the said late king, cannot be directed unto the sheriff or shirifes of any of the said shires or counties, but unto the sheriff of the county next adjoining: So that the party dwelling in any of the said shires or counties, against whom any such exigent and proclamation shalbe so awarded, shall not, nor can haue any knowledge of the same sure, or process, by reason whereof many of the persons inhabitinge in the said shires and counties, without knowledge, or cause of suite, haue ben wrongfully and unjustly vtlaged to their utter undoing. Be it therfore,& for diverse other good considerations, by the king our sovereign Lord, with the assent of the lords spiritual& temporal, and the commons in this present parliament assembled,& by the authority of the same enacted, ordained, and established, that if and when soever any writ of exigent at any time after the first day of April next coming shalbe awarded at the suite of the king, or of any other person or persons plaintiff, or plaintiffs, in any action or suite, in any of the courts of our said sovereign lord the king, his heires or successors commonly called the kings bench, and the common place, against any person, or persons, dwelling in any of the aforesaid counties in wales, or in the said counties Palantine of Chester, or the city of Chester, or in any of them: that then immediately vpon the awarding of every such exigent, the Iustice or Iustices before whom any such writ of exigent vpon such suite, or action shalbe sued, shal haue full& authority to award one writ of proclamation according to the tenor& effect of proclamations awarded vpon exigentes, directed out of any of the said courts in London, against any person dwelling in any other shire, where the kings writ is current, according to the order and form of the said statute made in the .vi. year of the said late king to be directed to such of the aforesaid shirifes of any of the aforesaid counties in wales,& of the counties Palantine of Chester, and of the city of Chester for the time being, where it shall happen the said defendant, against whom any such action shalbe sued, as is aforesaid, to be dwelling And that every such writ of Proclamation shal haue the same teste and day of return, as thexigents, whereupon every such writ of proclamation shalbe awarded, shal haue: And that every such shiryfe to whom any such writ of proclamation shalbe directed, shal make proclamation of the said writ of proclamation, according to the tenor of the same,&& shal make true return of the same in such court,& before such iustices as the tenor of the same writ shal require& demand. And that al outlawries hereafter to be promulged, or pronounced against any person or persons vpon any such exigent, or exigents, awarded against any person or persons, dwelling in any of the said counties of wales,& the counties Palantine of Chester,& of the city of Chester,& no writ of proclamation awarded in form abousaid, to the shyrife, or shirifes of the county, where the party defendant shalbe, as is abovesaid, dwelling, or not returned, to be clearly void, and of none effect, nor force in the lawe. And be it further enacted by the authority aforesaid, that al& every shierife and shierifes of every of the said counties of Wales, and of the counties Palantine of Chester, and of the city of Chester aforesaid shall haue in every of the said courts of the kings bench,& of the common place, one sufficient deputy at the least, to receive all wrytts directed to such the shiryfe, or shierifes, for whom the same deputy or deputies shal be appointed, in like maner, and form, and vpon like pains, as by the former statutes& laws of this realm other shirifes of other shires, or counties within this realm of england be bound to haue, in either of the same courts: and that all writtes of proclamation aforesaid shal be delivered unto every such Deputy of record in the same courts, and also like fees shalbee paid for making every such writ of proclamation, and for enrolling the same of record, as is limited in the said statute made in the said sixth year of the reign of our said late sovereign lord king Henry the eight. And be it further enacted by the authority aforesaid, that if any person dwelling in any of the said counties of Wales, after the aforesaid first day of April, shalbe outlawed in any suite, or action aforesaid, that then writs of special Capias vtlagaf; single Capias vtlagat{ur}, non molestand' and all other process, for, or against any person outlawed, shal,& may from thenceforth be directed to the sherief of any of the said counties in Wales, as immediate officers to the kings said courts of the kings bench, or common place in that behalf: and that every such writtes may be delivered of record to the deputy of such of the said sheriffs, to whom any such writ, or process shalbe directed,& that every such sheriff shal make execution and return of every such writ of process to him directed, vpon like pain& penalty, as is above limited. And be it further enacted& established, that if any such writ, or writtes of proclamation hereafter directed to any of the shirifes of any of the said shires in Wales, or counties Palantyne of Chester, or of the city of Chester, be delivered unto any of the said sheriffs for the time being, or to his or their deputy, in maner& form aforesaid:& the same sheriff or sheriffs do not make true return of every such writ& writtes of proclamation, into such court& courts, out of which the said writ, or writtes of proclamation shalbe awarded: that for every such fault of none return, every such sheriff for the time being shall lose and forfeit .v. li. the one half thereof shal be to our sovereign Lord the king, his heires and successors: the other half to any such person or persons as will sue for the same in an action of debt grounded vpon this act, in any of the kings courts of record, wherein no essoygne, halcyon, or wager of lawe shalbe allowed, or admitted. provided always this act, or any thing therein contained, shal not in any wise extend, or be prejudicial to the same counties of Wales, or to the said counties Palantine of Chester, or of the city of Chester, for, or concerning such liberties, franchises, or privileges, as belong to thē, or any of them, or to any ministers, or officers of them, or any of them, otherwise, or in any other maner, then by the true meaning of this act is before provided& declared: any thing in this act mentioned to the contrary notwithstanding. provided always, and be it enacted by the authority aforesaid, that this act, ne any thing therein contained, shal not in any wise be preiudycial, or hurtful to any lord marcher in Wales, but that they& every of them, and their heires, and the heires of every of them shal and may haue like liberty, interest, and pre-eminence, as they, and every of them had, might, or ought to haue had before the making of this act, and as though this act had never been had, ne made: any thing in this act mentioned to the contrary in any wise notwithstanding. ¶ The .xi. chapter. An act for the repeal of a certain statute made in the .xxviii. year of the reign of the late king of most famous memory Henry the viii for revoking of acts of Parliament. WHere in the parliament begun at westminster the .xxviii. year of the reign of the late king of famous memory king Henry the eight, it was enacted by the authority of the said Parliament, that if the Emperyall crown of this realm, after the decease of the said late king, should dyscende, come, or remain to the heires of our said late sovereign Lord, or to any person to be limited by his highnesse, as of very right it must, and ought to do according to the laws of this realm established for the same, the said heir, or such person being within the age of four& twenty yeres,& that then any act or acts of Parliament should happen to be made& established in any parliament, that then should be holden before such heir or heires, person or persons then being in possession of the said crown should be of their full ages, of .xxiiii. yeres, that then every such heir, or heires of our said late sovereign lord, or such person so possessed of the crown being within the same age of .xxiiii. yeares, should haue full power and authority at all times, after they should come to their said full ages of .xxiiii. yeres, by their letters patents under the great seal of England to revoke, adnul,& repeal all and singular such acts made& established by their royal assents, in any Parliament holden during the time that they were within their said age of .xxiiii. yeares, their royal assents had to the same, during the time that they were within the said age of .xxiiii. yeres or any act, or acts thereafter to be made, to the contrary therof notwithstanding. And it was also enacted by the authority aforesaid, that every such repeal, adnullacion, and reuocacion of any act or acts that should be made and established, in any parliament holden before the time that such heirs, or person possessed of the crown should be of the said age of xxiiii. yeres should be as good and effectual, to all intents& purposes, as though it hath ben done by the authority of Parliament, as in the said act is more plainly declared: Sith the making of which statute, it hath pleased almighty GOD to take unto his mercy our said late sovereign lord king Henry the eight, our now most gracious& dear sovereign liege lord king Edward the .vi. his son& heir( whose life God long preserve) now being above the age of .x. yeres& under the age of .xi. yeres: during whose minority as the common wealth of his highnesse realm of England,& Ireland as of all the dominions and countries of the same, is, and most necessary ought to be provided for, maintetned, and preserved: so is it the natural duitie of every good, true, and loving subject, to apply himself with al his power and diligence, to study, invent, and practise by all ways, means, and manners, for the conservation of the same. And for asmuch as for the preservation of the royal estate of our said sovereign lord the king that now is,& the safeguard and surety of his most royal person,& for the good tranquilitie, quietness, rest, and peace of his said realms, countries, dominions, and subiectes, aswell wholesome laws& statutes are to be ordained, established,& provided, as also some laws& statutes to bee repealed& adnulled, as the case shal require, according to the disposition of the people, which cannot take any good effect, or success, without acts& provisions of parliament to be made, before their ages of .xxiiii. yeres. And for that it should seem unto all men, that the good intention, meaning,& purpose of the said late king, and of the makers of the said statute, was not, that good and wholesome laws which should be made, provided, and ordained for the good governance of the realms and dominions abovesaid, during the time that any king of this realm should be within the said age of .xxiiii. yeres should from the time of the decease of the ancestor, or progenitor of any such king, within the age of .xxiiii. yeres, at the time of the death of the said ancestor, or progenitor, until the age of .xxiiii. yeares, of any such king, be made, deemed, and adiudged to be void by any such letters patents, to al intents& purposes, as though they never had been made but that the said acts, and every of them, and all, and every thing,& things used, committed, done, suffered, or executed by authority of the same, should be good, available, and perfect in the lawe: And that the said reuocacion, adnullacion,& repeal, should be taken to make void the said acts, and every of them onely, from the time of the said revocation, adnullacion and repeal,& not otherwise: The contrary entendement and exposition whereof, might otherwise, not onely discourage all subiectes during that time, and those yeres, to endeavour themselves, to and for the advising, setting forth, and consenting to the making of good and wholesome laws: but also should cause the said subiects to adjudge and think themselves to live for that time, under no manner of certainty, or assurance of any positive lawe, or statute during that time to be made, or provided: Be it therefore enacted, by the king our sovereign lord, with thassent of the lords spiritual& temporal,& the commons in this present Parliament assembled,& by the authority of the same, that the said act of parliament above recited, made in the said .xxviii. year of the reign of the said late King,& every word, article, clause, matter, sentence, and thing therein specified& contained, shall by authority of this present Parliament, bee, to all intents, constructions, and purposes, utterly void, adnulled, repeled, and of none effect,& as though the same had never ben had ne made. nevertheless to the intent the kings majesty our Souereign lord may haue power; authority, pre-eminence and prerogative at his full age of .xxiiii yeres, or at any time after, at his liberty and pleasure, to repeal al statutes and acts of Parliament, aswell made in this present parliament as hereafter in any other parliament to be holden, before he shall accomplish the said age of xxiiii. yeres, to be made or ordained, according to the true intent and meaning of the makers of the said former statute. Be it further ordained and enacted by the authority of this present parliament, that our said sovereign lord the king that now is, at his full age of xxiiii. yeres, or at any time after, and all and every heir and heires of the said late king, and other person and persons, to whom the imperial crown of this realm shal hereafter descend, come, or remain by thappointment of the said late king, in that case provided& made, then being within the age of xxiiii. yeres, shall haue full power& authority, by virtue of this present act, at all times, after he, or they shal come to his, or their full age of xxiiii. yeres, by his, or their letters patents, under the great seal of england, to repeal all& singular act& acts, or any of thē, as be, or shalbe made, or established by his or their Royal assents in any parliament holden, or to be holden, during the time that he, or they was, were, or shal be, within the said age of xxiiii. yeres, other then this present act of parliament, and other then all pardons granted& to bee granted, within the said several ages of xxiiii. yeres, by authority of parliament, so that the same repeal be made and used in maner and form hereafter following, that is to say, that every such letters patents of repeal shall contain all such acts, as shalbee repealed, and shal be solemnly& openly proclaimed in the kings court of chancery, between the houres of ix.& xi. before noon at three several dayes, in every of two of the iiii. usual terms to bee holden at westminster, or else where withyn this realm of england,& also one time in every county of this realm, and in wales, at the several assizes to bee holden in the same several counties, between like houres, and that then after xl. daies next after such Proclamation, in all and every place and county above said, so had and made, the said letters patents of repeal to take their force, strength and effect, and not before, or from any other time or season, nor in any other maner or form. And that all and every such act and acts, aswell made in this parliament, as here after to be made, within the said age of xxiiii. yeres, of our souereygne Lord the kings majesty that now is, as in the time of any of the said heir or heires, or other the said person or persons then being in possession of the Imperial crown of this realm,& under the age of xxiiii. yeres, shalbe good and effectual to all intents, constructions, and purposes, until the said letters patents of repeal, Proclamations, and xl. dayes shal be so had, made, run, and past: and that all and every act and acts, thing and things, used, had, committed, doen, suffered, or executed by the authority of the said act or acts, or any of them, within any of the said ages of xxiiii. yeres, according to the purport, tenor,& effect of the said act or acts, or any of them, shal be good and offectual for ever, the said repeal so to be made, in any wise notwithstanding,& that all and every person and persons, bodies politic and corporat, shall and may by the authority of this present act, from time to time, as well after the said repeal as before, plead, or allege, for his or their defence, excuse, indemnity, profit, benefit, or advantage, all and every such act or acts, or any of them so revoked, adnulled, or repealed, or to bee revoked, adnulled, or repealed, for, concerning, or in any wise touching any thing or things had, used, granted, suffered, possessed, committed, doen, or accrued, by thauctoritie, sufferance, or force of the said act and acts, or any of them before the revocation, adnullation, or repealinge of the same, in such and as ample maner and form, as if the said act and acts so to be revoked, adnulled, or repealed, and every of them, had stand in his and their full strength, force, and effect, and as yf the said act or acts had never ben revoked, adnulled, or repealed: any thing in such repeal contained notwithstanding. provided always,& be it also ordained& enacted by the authority aforesaid, that no king nor kings of this realm, shal haue authority, power, or prerogative, to repeal any act of parliament or statute, that shalbe made in the time of any king before the said age of xxiiii. yeres, other then such as be, or shalbe made in his own time: any thing above mentioned to the contrary in any wise notwithstanding. ¶ An act for the repeal of certain statutes, concerning treasons, felonies, &c.¶ The .xii. chapter. NOthing being more godly, more sure, more to bee wished& desired betwixt a Prince, the supreme head and ruler,& the subiectes, whose governor& head he is, then on the princes parte, great clemency and indulgency, and rather to much forgiveness& remission of his royal power,& just punishment; then exact severity& iustice to be shewed:& on the subiects behalf that they should obey rather for love, and for the necessity and love of a king and Prince, then for fear of his streight, and severe laws: yet such times at some time cometh in the common wealth, that it is necessary and expedient, for the repressing of the insolency and unruliness of men, and for the foreseing and providing of remedies against rebellion, insurrection, or such mischiefs( as god some time with us displeased for our punishment doth inflicte and lay vpon us, or the devill at Goddes permission to assay the good and goddes elect, doth sow, and set amongs) the which almighty God, with his help and mannes policy, hath always been content and pleased to haue stayed, that sharper laws, as a harder bryddle should be made, to stay those men& facts, that might else be occasion, cause and authors of further inconvenience, the which thing caused the prince of most famous memory, king Henry the eight, father to our said sovereign Lord the king, and other his hyghenes progenitors, with thassent of the nobles& commons, at diuers parliaments in their several times holden, to make and enact certain laws and statutes, which might seem and appear to men of exterior realms,& many of the kings majesties subiects very streight, sore, extreme,& terrible, although they were then, when they were made not without great consideration& policy, moved and established, and for the time to thaduoidaunce of further inconvenience, very expedient and necessary. But as in tempest or winter, one course,& garment is convenient, in calm or warm wether, a more liberal rase, or lighter garment, both may, and ought to be followed and used: so we haue seen diuers streight and sore laws made in one Parlement, the time so requiring, in a more calm and quiet reign of another prince, by the like authority and parliament repealed and taken away. The which most high clemency and royal example of his majesties most noble progenitors, the kings hyghenes of his tender& godly nature most given to mercy and love of his Subiectes, willing to follow, and perceiving the hearty and sincere love, that his most loving Subiectes, both the lords& commons doth bear unto his highness, now in this his majesties tender age, willing also to gratify the same therfore, and minding further to provoke his said subiectes with indulgency and clemency shewed on his highness behalf, to more love and kindness toward his majesty( if it may be) and vpon trust that they will not abuse the same, but rather be encouraged thereby more faithfully,& with more diligence( if it may bee) and care for his majesty, to serve his highness now in this his tender age, is contented and pleased, that the severity of certain laws here following be mitigated& remitted: Be it therfore ordained and enacted by the king our sovereign lord, with thassent of the lords spiritual and temporal, and of the commons in this present parliament assembled,& by the authority of the same, that from henceforth, none act, deed, or offence, being by act of parliament, or statute made treason, or petit treason, by words, writing, cyphring, deeds, or otherwise whatsoever shalbe taken, had, deemed, or adiudged to bee high treason, or petit treason, but onely such as be treason or petit treason, in, or by the act of parliament, or statute made in the xxv. year of the reign of the most noble king of famous memory king Edward the iii. touching, or concerning treason, or the declarations of treasons:& such offences as hereafter shall by this present act be expressed& declared to bee treason, or petit treason, and none other, nor that any pains of death, penalty, or forfeiture in any wise ensue, or be to any of the offenders, for the doing or committing any treason, or petit treason, other then such as be in the said statute made in the said xxv. year of the reign of the said king Edward the iii. or by this present statute ordained& provided: any act or acts of parliament, statute or statutes, had, or made at any time heretofore, or after the said xxv. year of the reign of the said late king Edward the third, or any other declaration or matter, to the contrary in any wise notwithstanding. And also bee it enacted by the authority aforesaid, that all acts of parliament and statutes, touching, mentioning, or in any wise concerning religion or opinions, that is to say, as well the Statute made in the first year of the reign of the kings noble progenitor king richard the second, and the statute made in the second year of the reign of king Henry the v. and the Statute also made in the xxv. year of the reign of king Henry the eight, concerning punishment and reformation of heretics and lollardes, and every provision therein contained, and the statute made for thabolishement of diversity of opinions, in certain articles concerning Christian religion, commonly called the vi. articles made in the parliament begun at Westminster the xxviii. day of april, in the xxxi. year of the reign of the most noble and victorious Prince, of most famous memory king Henry the eight, father to our most dread sovereign lord the king that now is, and also thact of parliament and statute made of the parliament begon at Westminster the xvi. day of january, in the xxxiii. year of the reign of the said late king Henry the eight and after that prorogued unto the xxii. day of january, in the xxxiiii. year of the reign of the said late king Henry the eight, touching, mencioning, or in any wise concerning books of thold and new testament in English, and the Printing, uttering, selling, giving, or deliueringe of books, or writtinges, and retaining of English books or writings, and reading, preaching, teaching, or expounding of scripture, or in any wise touching, mencioning, or concerning any of the same matters. And also one other statute made in the parliament holden at Westminster, in the xxxv. year of the reign of the said late king Henry the eight, concerning the qualification of the statute of vi. articles,& all& every other act or acts of parliament, concerning doctrine, or matters of religion,& all and every branch, article, sentence, and matter, pains& forfeitures contained, mentioned, or in any wise declared, in any of the same acts of parliament, or statutes, shal from henceforth be repeled,& utterly void& of none effect. And bee it further ordained and enacted by the authority aforesaid, that all offences made felony, by any act or acts of parliament, statute, or statutes, made sithence the xxiii. day of april, in the first year of the reign of the said late king Henry the eight, not being felony before,& also, all and every the branches and articles mentioned, or in any wise declared, in any of the same statutes, concerning the making of any offence or offences, to be felony, not being felony before: and all pains& forfeitures, concerning the same, or any of them, shal from henceforth be repealed, and utterly void and of none effect. And bee it also ordained& enacted by the authority aforesaid, that one act made in the parliament holden at Westminster, in the xxxi. year of the reign of the said late king Henry the eight, that proclamations made by the kings highness, by the aduise of his honourable counsel, should bee obeied and kept, as though they were made by authority of a parliament: and also one other act made in the parliament holden in the xxiiii. year of the reign of the said late king Henry the eight, for the due execution of the said proclamations,& also all& every branch, article& matter in the same statutes,& every of thē mentioned or declared shal from henceforth be repealed, and utterly void, and of none effect. And bee it enacted by thaucthoritie aforesaid, that yf any person or persons, at any time after the first day of march next coming, by open preaching, express words or sayings, do affirm, or set forth, that the king, his heires or successoures kings of this realm for the time being is not, or ought not to bee supreme head in earth of the Church of England and Ireland, or any of them, immediately under God, or that the bishop of Rome, or any other person or persons, other then the king of england for the time being is, or ought to bee by the laws of God, supreme head of the same churchs, or of any of thē, or that the king, his heires or successoures kings of this realm, is not, or ought not to bee king of England, france and Ireland, or of any of them, or after the said first day of march, do compass or imagine by open preaching, express words, or sayings, to depose or deprive the king, his heirs; or successors kings of this realm, from his, or their Royal estate, or titles, to, or of the realms aforesaid, or do openly publish, or say by express words or sayings, that any other person, or persons, other thē the king, his heirs or successors kings of this realm, of right ought to be kings of the realms aforesaid, or any of them, or to haue& enjoy the same, or any of them: that then every such offendor being thereof duly convicted, or attainted by the laws of this realm, their aidors, comforters, abettors, procurers, and counsellors, for his or their such first offence, shall lose and forfeit to the king, all his& their goods, and cattalles, and also shall haue& suffer imprisonment, of his& their bodies, at the kings will and pleasure. And if any person being our convicted or attainted of any of the said offences, shall after his conviction or attainder eftsoons commit or perpetrate any of the offences before mentioned, other then such as be expressed in the said statute, made in the said xxv. year of king Edwarde the iii. and shal be thereof duly convicted or attainted by the laws of this realm: that then every such offendor, their aidors, counforters, abbettours, procurers and counsaylors, for his, or their said second offence or offences, shall lose and forfeit to the king, the whole issues and profits of all his& their lamdes, tenements,& other hereditaments, benefice, prebends,& other spiritual promotions, for term of life, of such offeder or offendoures:& shall also lose and forfeit to the king all his and their goods and cattalles, and also suffer, during his and their lifes, perpetual imprisonment of his and their bodies. And if any person being two times hereafter convicted or attainted of any of the same offences, shall after his said second conviction or attainder, eftsons commit or perpetrate again any of the said offences to be therof duly convicted or attainted by the laws and statutes of this realm: that then every such third offence or offences, shalbe deemed and adiudged high treason, and the offendor or offenders, their aidors, comfortors, abbettours, procurers,& counsellors, being therein convicted or attainted, according to the laws& statutes of this realm, shalbe deemed and adiudged high traitors,& shal suffer pains of death, and lose and forfeit all their goods and cattalles, lands and tenements, to the king, as in cases of high treason. And be it further enacted by the authority aforesaid, that if any person or persons, at any time after the said first day of March next coming, by writing, printing, overt deed or act, do affirm, or set forth, that the king of this realm for the time being, is not, or ought not to be supreme head in earth of the church of England and Ireland, or of any of thē, immediately under God: or shall, by writing, printing, overt deed, or act, after the said first day of march, affirm, or set forth, that the bishop of Rome, or any other person or persons, other then the king of england for the time being, is, or ought to be by the laws of God, or otherwise, the supreme head in earth of the same churches, or of any of them: or do after the said first day of March, compass, or imagine by writing, printing, overt deed or act, to depose or deprive the king, his heires or successors kings of this realm, from his, or their royal estate, or titles of the king of england, france, and ireland, or of any of them: or by any writing, printing, overt dede, or act, do affirm, that any other person or persons, other then the king, his heirs and successors is, or of right ought to be king of the realms of england, france, or Ireland, or to haue and enjoy the same, or any of them: that then every such offence and offences, shalbe deemed and adiudged high treason,& thoffendour& offenders, their aidours, comforters, abettors, {pro}curers, and counsellors therein convicted or attainted, according to the laws& statutes of this realm, shalbe deemed and adiudged high traitors,& shal suffer pains of death,& lose& forfeit al their goods and cattales, lands and tenements, to the king, as in cases of high treason. provided always,& be it enacted by thauctoritie aforesaid, that this statute, or any thing therein contained, shal not in any wise extend to repel, adnulle, or make frustrate or void, any act or acts of parliament, statute or statutes made, concerning the counterfeytinge, or forgeing of any of the coins of this realm, or for the coin of any other realm or realms, currant within this realm, or for clipping, washing, or filing any of the said coins, or for, or concerning the bringing into this realm, of counterfeit money or coin: ne to any statute made in the xxvii. year of the said late king Henry the eight, concerning the false forgeing and counterfeiting of the kings signs manuel, privy signate, or privy seal, ne to their counsellors, procurors, aidours, and abbettours, nor to any article or branch concerning the same offences, or any of them contained in the same statutes, or any of them. And be it further enacted by the authority aforesaid, that if any the heires of the king our said sovereign lord that now is, or any person or persons, to whom the crown and dignity of this realm is limited and appointed by act of parliament, made in the xxxv. year of the reign of the said late king Henry the eight, or the heires of any of them do at any time hereafter, usurp the one of them vpon the other, in the crown of this realm, or demand, challenge, or claim the same, otherwise, or in any other form or degree of discent or succession, or in any other course, form, degree, or condition, but onely in such maner& form, as is declared by the said statute: or if any of the said heires, or persons aforesaid, do interrupt, or let the kings highness that now is, peaceablye& quietly to keep, haue, and enjoy the said imperial crown: that then, all& singular the offenders, their aidors, conforters, abettors, procurors, and counsellors therein, shal be deemed and adiudged high traitors, and shall suffer and incur the pains of death, loss and forfeitures, as is aforesaid, in cases of high treason. And it is further ordained& enacted by the authority aforesaid, that no person or persons, that heretofore hath been, or at any time hereafter shal be, in due form of the laws attainted or convicted of murder or malice pmpensed, or of poisoning of malice pmpensed, or of breaking of any house by day or by night, any person being then in the same house, where the same breaking heretofore hath been, or hereafter shal be committed, and heretofore hath been, or hereafter shal be, thereby put in fear or dread, or of, or for robbing of any person or persons in the high way, or nere to the high way, or for felonious stealing of horses, geldings, or mares; or of felonious taking of any goods out of any parish church or other church, or chapel, or being indicted or appealed of any of the same offences, and thereupon found guilty by verdict of xii. men, or shall confess the same, vpon his or their arraignment, or will not answer directly, according to the laws of this realm, or shal stand wilfully, or of malice mute, shall not bee admitted to haue or enjoy the privilege or benefit of his clergy or Sanctuary, but shal be put from the same: and that in all other cases of felony, other then such as before mentioned, all and singular person& persons, which after the first day of March next coming, shalbe arraigned or found guilty, vpon his or their arraignment, or shal confess the same, or stand mute in form aforesaid, or will not answer directly in form abovesaid, shal haue and enjoy the privilege and benefit of his or their clergy, the liberty and privilege of Sanctuarye, in like maner and form, as he or they might, or should haue doen, before the xxiiii. day of April, in the first year of the reign of the said late king Henry the eight. provided always, and be it enacted by the authority aforesaid, that all clauses, articles, and sentences, mentioned, or specified in any act or acts of parliament, statute or statutes made in the time of the reign of the said late king Henry the eight, touching, or in any wise concerning any maner of challenge, for the county, Hundred, or peremptory challenge, or any of them, or touching, or in any wise concerning any maner of trial of foreign pleas pleaded by murtherers, felons, or other offenders shall, as concerning the said challenges and trials, remain in their force and strength not repealed, any thing in this act mentioned, sounding or seeming to the contrary, in any wise notwithstanding. provided also, and be it ordained and enacted by the authority aforesaid, that this act of parliament, or any thing therein mentioned as concerning the repeal of any statute or statutes made touching treason, or misprision of treason, shal not in any wise give any maner of benefit, advantage, or commodity, to any person or persons, being the last day of Octobre last past, arrestest, or imprisoned for treason, petit treason, or misprision of treason, or to any person or persons heretofore being indicted of treason, petit treason, or misprision of treason, or to any other person or persons being likewise convicted, outlawed, or attainted of treason, petit treason, or misprision of treason: or being fled beyond the seas, or into Scotlande, before the said last day of Octobre last paste, for any treason, petit treason, or misprision of treason: but that they& every of them, shal suffer such pains of death, losses and forfeitures of lands and goods, as in cases of treason, as though this act had never been had or made: any thing in this act to the contrary in any wise notwithstanding:& that the laws& statutes repealed by this act shall stand against thē:& every of thē, in full strength, virtue, force and effect, concerning all& every offence by thē, or any of thē, heretofore committed or doen. provided also, and be it ordained and enacted, by the authority aforesaid, that all wilful killing, by poisoning of any person or persons, that at any time hereafter shal be doen, perpetrated, or committed, shalbe adiudged, taken, and deemed wilful murders of malice pmpensed: and that the offenders therein, their aidors, abbettours, procurers,& counsellors, shall suffer death, and forfeit in every behalf, as in other cases of wilful murder of malice pmpensed. And over that, bee it enacted by the authority aforesaid, that in all and every case and cases, where any of the kings majesties subiectes shall& may vpon his prayer, haue the privilege of clergy, as a clerk convict, that may make purgation in all those cases, and every of them, and also in all and every case and cases of felony, wherein the privilege and benefit of clergy is restrained, excepted, or taken away by this statute, or act,( wilful murder, and poisoning of malice pmpensed, only excepted) the lord and lords of the parliament, and pere and peers of the realm having place and voice in parliament, shall by virtue of this present act of common grace, vpon his, or their request or prayer, alleging thathe is a lord, or pere of this realm,& claiminge the benefit of this act, though he cannot read, without any burning in the hand, loss of inheritance, or corruption of his blood, be adiudged, dem●●, taken,& used, for his first time onely, to all intents, constructions,& purposes, as a clerk convict,& shall in case of a clerk convict, which may make purgation, without any further or other benefit or privilege of clergy, to any such lord or pere, from thenceforth at any time after, for any case to be allowed, adiudged, or admitted: any lawe, statute, usage, custom, or any other thing to the contrary, in any wise notwithstanding. provided always, that if any of the said lords of the parliament, or any of the peers of this realm for the time being, shal fortune to bee indicted of any of the offences limited in this act: that thē they 〈◇〉 entry of them, shal haue his or their trial by their peers, as it hath been used heretofore, in cases of high treason. And bee it further enacted by the authority aforesaid, that yf any person or persons, that by this statute, or by any other statutes or laws of this realm ought to haue, or bee admitted, to the benefit of his, or their clergy: that the same person and persons, shalbe from henceforth admitted& allowed, to his or their clergy, although they, or any of thē, haue ben diuers& sundry times married, to any single woman, or single women, or to any widow, or widows, or to two wives, or mo: any law, statute, or usage, to the contrary in any wise notwithstanding. And over that, it is ordained and enacted by the authority aforesaid, that albeit any person, or persons, of what estate, condition, or degree, he or they be, shal hereafter fortune to be attainted, convicted, or outlawed of any treason, petit treason, misprision of treason, murder, or felony whatsoever, yet that notwithstanding, every woman, that is, or shall fortune to bee wife of the person so attainted, convicted, or outlawed, shalbe endowable and enable to demand, haue, and enjoy her dower, in like maner and form, as though her husband had not been attainted, convicted, or outlawed: any statute, lawe, usage, or custom, to the contrary in any wise notwithstanding. saving to all and every other person and persons, bodies politic and corporate, their heires and successors, and to every of them, other then to such offeder or offenders as shal be attainted, convicted, or outlawed, all such right, title, interest, entry, leases, possession, condition, profit, commodity, and hereditaments, as they or any of them had, or should, or of right ought to haue, before, or at the time of the said attainder, conviction, or outlagarie. provided also, and be it enacted, by the authority aforesaid, that one act made at the parliament holden at Westminster, vpon diuers prorogations, the iiii. day of February, in the xxvii. year of the said late king Henry the eight, and there continued and kept, until the xxiiii. day of april then next ensuing, concerning and touching the felonious taking away by any servant, the goods or cattalles, of the master or mistress, and all Articles and Sentences contained in the same act, shall stand, be, and remain in full strength, force, and effect, in such maner and form, as it did before the making of this present act, the repeael, or revocation of the acts abovesaid, to the contrary notwithstanding. provided always, and be it enacted by the authority abovesaid, that no person or persons shal in any wise be impeached, or put to answer for any of thoffences abovesaid, concerning treasons, by open preaching, or words onely, unless the party offendor or offenders bee thereof accused within xxx. dayes next after the same open preaching, or words so spoken or declared, if thaccusours shal fortune to be within this realm, during the said space of xxx. dayes, next after the said offence committed or doen. And if the accusers shal happen to be out of this realm, during the said space of xxx. daies: then the party or parties so offending, shalbe accused, as is aforesaid, within six months, next after the same preaching, or words spoken or declared: or else the party or parties so offending, their aidors, comforters, abbettours, and counsellors, or any of thē not to be impeached, or put to answer for any such offence, or offences,& that the same accusation, or accusations so to be had, made,& declared, shalbe made to one of the kings counsel, or to one of the kings Iustices of assize, or else to one of the kings Iustices of peace being of the Quorum, or to two Iustices of the peace, within the shire, where the same offence or offences shal happen to be doen or committed: any thing contained in this act to the contrary therof in any wise notwithstanding. provided also,& bee it declared and enacted by the authority abovesaid, that concelement, or keeping secret any high treason, shal be from henceforth adiudged, deemed,& taken, misprision of treason,& the offendor therein shall forfeit and suffer, as in cases of misprision of treason, as heretofore hath been used: any thing above mentioned to the contrary notwithstanding. provided also,& be it declared& enacted by the authority abovesaid, that this act or any thing therein contained, shall not extend to charge, or make any person or persons to bee offendor or offenders, in any of the articles abovesaid, for calling, naming, saying, writing, or printinge the french king, for the time being, by the name of the king of france or french king, any thing above declared and enacted, to the contrary in any wise notwithstanding. provided always, and bee it enacted by the authority aforesaid, that no person or persons, after the first day of february next coming shalbe indicted, arreygned, condemned, or convicted, for any offence of treason, petit treason, misprision of treason, or for any words before specified, to bee spoken after the said first day of February, for which the same offendoure, speaker, offenders, or speakers, shall in any wise suffer any pains of death, imprisonment, loss, or forfeiture of his goods, cattalles, lands or tenements: unless the same offendor, speaker, offenders, or speakers bee accused by two sufficient and lawful witnesses, as shall willingly without violence confess the same. ¶ An act for a subsidy of tonnage& poundage of merchandise, with a proviso for the confirmation of the privileges of the deceipts of the Styliard, which proviso shall induce but onely to thende of this parliament.¶ The .xiii. chapter. IN their most humble wise shown unto your most excellent majesty, your poor commons in this your present parliament assembled, that where aswell your most dearest father of famous memory king Henry the viii. as also your most worthy grandfather king Henry the vii.& other your noble {pro}genitours kings of this your realm of England, time out of mind, haue had, granted unto them,& enjoyed of the commons of the same realm, for the time being, by authority of parliament, for the defence of the same now your realm,& the keeping& safeguard of the seas for thentercourse of merchandise, safely to come into the same your realm,& to pass out of the same, certain sums of money, name subsidies, of all maner of goods and merchandises, coming in, or going out of the same your realm:& forasmuch as we your said poor commons haue {per}ceiued your majesties good favour& will towards us your said poor commons, had aswell in the defence of us,& this your realm, against your rebels the Scottes, as also the keeping& sure defending of the Seas, against all persons intending the disturbance& invasion of this your realm,& us your said commons to our great comfort& rejoicing, as cause requireth,& to your majesty great costs, charges,& expenses,& also not doubting the sequel of the same if need shall require: We therfore your said poor commons, as bound of duty, humbly desire your excellent majesty benignly& favourably to take, accept,& receive these our poor grants hereafter ensuing, as granted of true hartes& good wills, which we bear to your hyghenes, towards your said great costs, charges& expenses, aswell heretofore expended& laid out, as hereafter by your majesty for the causes aforesaid, when need shal require, to be expended& laid out, as the first fruits of our good wills& hartes toward your highnesse, although the same do, or hereafter shal nothing in effect countervail your said costs, charges,& expenses, which we be not able fully to gratify by any means. First, we your poor commons, by the aduise& assent of the Lords spiritual& temporal, in this your present parliament assembled, and by the authority of the same, to thintent aforesaid, give and grant to you our said sovereign Lord, one subsidy called tonnage, that is to say, of every tonne of wine coming, or that shal, or is come into this your realm, by way of merchandise, the sum of iii. s.& so after the rate:& of every tonne of sweet wine, aswell malmesey as other that shall, or is come into the same your realm, by every or any merchant alien, aswell by the merchants of Haunse and Almayne, as by any other merchant stranger, of what nation soever he bee iii. s. and so after the rate, over& above the iii. s. afore granted. And of every awlne of Renishe wine coming, or that shal, or is come into this your realm, by way of merchandise, by every, or any merchant, denizen, or alien, of what nation soever he be xii. d. And also one other subsidy, called pondage, that is to say, of all maner of goods and merchandises, of every merchant, Denizen and alien whatsoever he be, carried,& to be carried, out of this your said realm, or brought or to be brought into the same by way of merchandises of the value of every. xx.s. of the same goods and merchandises xii. d. and so after the rate. And of xx. s. value of tin and Pewter vessel carried out of this your realm by any and every merchant alien xii. d. over and above the xii. d. aforesaid. Except always and forprised out of this grant of subsidy of poundage, all maner of wollen cloth made and wrought, or that shalbe made and wrought within this realm of England,& by every, or any merchaunte denizen and not born alien, carried or to bee carried out of this your said realm, and all maner of wool, wool fells,& hides, and barks of leather also carried, or to be carried out of this your realm, and all wines, and all maner of fresh fish and bestial, coming, or that is, or shal come into the same your realm. And further, we your said poor commons by the aduise, assent, and authority aforesaid, give and grant unto you our said sovereign lord, for the causes above rehearsed, one other subsidy of all maner of wool, wool fells,& leather carried, or to be carried out of this your realm, in maner and form following, that is to say of every merchant denizen of,& for every sack of woll xxxiii. s.iiii.d. And of every cc.xl. wolfelles. xxxiii.s. iiii. d. And of, and for every last of hides and backs, of every such merchant denizen .iii. li. vi. s. viii. d. And also of every merchant stranger not born your liege man, as well those that bee made denizens, as hereafter shal be made by letters patents or otherwise, as all other merchant strangers, of, and for every sack of wool .iii. li. vi. s. viii. d. And, of,& for every .cc.xl. wollefelles .iii. li. vi. s. viii. d. And also of every last of hides and backs .iii. li. xiii. s. iiii. d. And so of all the said wolles, wollefelles, hides& backs,& every of them, after the rate that so is, or shalbe carried, to haue, take, enjoy, and perceive the subsidies aforesaid,& every of thē,& every part or parcel of them to your highness from the first day of your most noble reign, during your life natural. And further, we your said poor commons most humbly desire your majesty, that it may be enacted by your highness, by the aduise& assent of the lords aforesaid, and us your said commons, and by the foresaid authority of this present parliament assembled, that the gifts& grants aforesaid, shalbee good and effectual, according to the true meaning of the same. And that it may be further enacted by the authority aforesaid, that yf any wines, goods, merchandises, wolles, wollefelles, hides,& backs of leather aforesaid, or other things afore specified whereof the subsidies aforesaid, or any of them, is or shalbe hereafter due, shall at any time hereafter, during the time aforesaid, be shipped or put into any boat, craier, ship or vessel, to that intent to be carried into the partes of beyond the sea, or else be brought from the partes of beyond the sea, into any port, haven, creeke, or other place of this your realm by way of merchandise and there laid on land, the subsidy aforesaid of the same( due or to be due by reason of this grant) not paid, or the collector of the same Subsidy not agreed with for the same according to the true meaning and intent of these aforesaid grants, and every of them: that then from the first day of March next coming and not before, al the said wines, goods, merchandises, wools, wolfelles, hides and backs, and other the premises aforesaid, and every parte and parcel therof so shipped or else put into any boat, craier, or other vessel afore said, to thintent afore said, or brought into this realm and there laid on land, as is also aforesaid, shal remain forfeit to your highnes, during the time aforesaid: the one moiety thereof, or the value therof to your highnesse, and the other moiety to him or them that shall seize the same or sue for the same. And that it may please your highnes that al merchants as well denizens as strangers, coming into this your realm, be well& honestly entreated& demeaned, as they were in the time of your aforesaid noble progenitors without oppression to thē to be done, paying the Subsidies abovesaid. And further, that it be enacted by the authority aforesaid, that if any goods, merchandises, wolles, wollfelles or leather aforesaid, or any part therof of any merchant denizen, naturally born your liege man, which shall pass out of this your said realm, after the said first day of match, during the term of this gifts and grant, shal happen to be taken with enemies of pirates upon the sea, or perished by misfortune in any ship or ships, that shal happen to be taken or perished within the time of the said grant, whereof the Subsidies aforesaid or any of thē to your highnes due or to be due, is, or shal be in form aforesaid duly payed or agreed for without fraud or collusion, and such loss or losses as ben before rehearsed, be found and proved before the treasurer of England, or the chief Baron of our exchequer for the time being, by the examination of the same merchants if they be on live, or of their executours or administrators, if they be dead, or two true credible persons sworn, or other reasonable witness& profess sworn, wytnessinge the same merchandises so to be lost or perished: that then the same merchants denizens that were or shalbe owners of the aforesaid goods deceipts, wool, wollfelles, hides or other merchandises aforesaid, as shall be so perished or lost, if they be on live, or their executours and admynystratours, if they bee dead, and every of them, by force and virtue of this act when them liketh, during the said term, shall move ship asmuch wool, wollefelles, hides or other merchandise in the same port or ports, in which the same woll, wollfelles, hides, or other goods and merchandises aforesaid, so lost& perished, were or shall be shipped without any of the subsidies aforesaid now granted, to be had or paid therfore to you in any wise, and that al such profits of the premises so to be lost or perished, be certified into your chancery, by your said treasurer or chief Baron, there to remain of record, and after such certificat made the chancellor of England, or the Lord keeper of your great seal, for the time being, do make and deliver unto the said deceipts, their executors or administrators, or any of them, or to their attorney or to their attorneis in that behalf, or any of them, as many and such writtes and warranties to be directed as well to the collectors of the subsidies aforesaid, or any, or every of them for the time being, as to the treasurer& barons of your exchequer for the time being as shalbe requisite and needful for the said merchants, their executors or administrators or their attorney or attorneys, or any of thē, or the said collectors or any of them, to haue for the obtaining, aswell of the shipping, as of allowance therof: And further that every merchant denizen that shal ship hereafter any woll, wollfelles, hides, or any other goods& merchandises in any carricke or galley, shall pay to your majesty during the time aforesaid, all maner of customs and al the subsidies aforesaid, as any alien born out of this your realm. provided always, that no act, statute, or ordinance had, made or to be made in this present parliament, be in any wise hurtful or prejudicial unto the merchants of the house in almain, having the house in the city of London, commonly called Guilhalda Theutonicorum, nor to any franchises, liberties or privileges to them or their predecessors before this time had, agreed, granted or confirmed, nor to any lawful usages by them or by their predecessors before this time used, but that the said deceipts and their successors haue, hold, and enjoy, all their said franchises, liberties, and free usages, according to such grants, confirmacions and agrementes, as by the king and his noble progenitors kings of england haue been agreed, made& granted and had to the said merchants or their predecessors, and according to their lawful usages in every thing, by whatsoever other name or names, the same merchants, or any of them be called, or name: any act, statute, or ordinance made or to be made in this present parliament to the contrary notwithstanding: This present proviso to endure and continue unto the end of this present parliament. ¶ The .xiiii. chapter.¶ An act whereby certain chantries, Colleges, free chapels, and the possessions of the same, be given to the kings majesty. THe kings most loving subiects, the lords Spiritual& temporal,& the commons in this present parliament assembled, considering that a great part of supersticyon& errors in Christian religion, hath been brought into the mindes& estimation of men, by reason of the ignorance of their very true& perfect salvation, through the death of Iesus Christ,& by devising& phantasiyng vain opinions of purgatory,& masses satisfactory, to be done for them, which be departed: The which doctrine& vain opinion, by nothing more is maintained and upholden then by the abuse of trentals, chantries, and other provisions made for the continuance of the said blindness and ignorance. And further considering and understanding that the alteracion, change,& amendment of the same,& converting to good and godly uses, as in erecting grammar schools to the educacion of youth in virtue and godliness, the further augmenting of the universities,& better provision for the poor and needy, cannot in this present Parlamente be provided, and conveniently done, nor cannot, ne ought to any other maner person be committed, then to the kings highnesse, whose majesty, with, and by the aduise of his highnes most prudent counsel, can& will most wisely, and beneficially both for the honour of God, and the weal of his majesties realm, order, alter, convert, and dispose the same. And calling further to their remembrance that in the parliament holden at Westminster the, xxxvii. year of the reign of our late sovereign lord king henry the eight, father to our most dread and natural sovereign lord the king, that now is it was ordained, enacted, and established amongst other things, that al& singular Colleges, free chapels, chantries, hospitals, Fraternities, Brotherheddes, guilds, and other promotions, mentioned in the said former act, had, or made to haue continuance in perpetuity for ever, and then being, or that had, or ought to bee contributorie or chargeable to the payment of the first fruits and tenths, according to the laws and statutes in that behaulfe had, and made by what name, surname, degree, or corporation, they, or any of thē were founded ordained, established, erected, name, called, or known: and al and singular the mansion houses, manors, orchards, gardens, lands, tenements, pastures woods, waters, rents, reuercions, services, commons, tithes, pensions, portions, churches, chapels, aduowsons, nomynacions, patronages, annuities, rights, interests, entries, conditions leets, courts, liberties, privileges, franchises,& other hereditaments whatsoever, then appertaining, or belonging, or the did appertain, or belong, or were assigned, or appointed to any such college, free chapel chantry, hospital, fraternity, brotherhood, guild, stypendiare prycste or other the said promotions, or to any of thē, or accepted, known, or taken as part, parcel, or member of them, or of any of them:& to the said Colleges, chauntryes, free chapels, hospitals, fraternytyes, brotherhood, guild, stipendary pryestes, or other promotions, or to any of thē united, or annexed: which between the .iiii. day of February, in the xxvii. year of the said late kings reign,& the .xxv. day of December in the .xxxvii. of his graces reign, by reason of any entry, expulsion, bargain, sale, feoffment, fine, recovery, leasse, or other conueighance therof made, were dissolved, determined, or relinquished by any of the ways means, or conueighaunces, mentioned in the said act, or otherwise other then such of them, as then were in the possession of the said late king, or that weee granted, or assured by his licence, agreement, consent or letters patents, to any person or persons, or then had ben lawfully obtained, or recovered by any person, by any former right, or title, with out fraud or covin, or by the kings licence, shal from thenceforth by authority of the same former act, be adiudged& deemed,& also bee in the very actual and real possession& seison of the said late king, and of his heires and successors for ever: in as large& ample maner, as the said priestes, wardens, masters, ministers, gouernours, rulers, or other incumbents, or any of them, or the patrons, donours, or foundours of any of them at any time sithence the said fourth day of February in the xxvii. year aforesaid, had, occupied, or enjoyed, or then had, occupied, or enjoyed the same,& as though all and singular the said colleges, chantries, hospitals, free chapels, fraternities, brotherheddes, guilds and other the said promotions, and the said manors, lands, tenements, hereditaments, and other the premises, whatsoever they be,& every of them, had been in the said former act, specially, particularly,& certainly rehearsed, name,& expressed by express words, names, surnames, corporations, titles, and faculties, and in their natural kinds and qualities: the said entries, expulsions, bargains, sales, fines, feoffments, recoveries, or other assurance, and conueyghaunce whatsoever they were, had, or made( except before in the former act excepted) to the contrary notwithstanding. And where also it was enacted and granted by the said late king, by the said former act, that the same late king during his natural life, might make and direct his commission and commissions under his great seal, to entre into al& singular such and as many chauntryes, free chapels, hospitals, colleges, and other the promotions mentioned in the said former act,& into al and singular such manors, mansions, houses, measses, lands, tenements, pastures, woods, waters, rents, reuercions, services, possessions,& other heredytaments whatsoever, or into any parte, or parcel thereof in the name, season, and possession of all the hereditaments, annexed, united, belonging, or appertaining to any chantry, hospital, free chapel, college, fraternytie, brotherhood, guild, or other the said promotions, or whereof any priestes, prouostes, gouernours, rulers, or other incumbentes, of them, or any of them, by what name, surname, degree, title, or corporation, they, and every of them, or any of them were founded, erected, ordained, established, name, called, or known, then had or enjoyed, or that hereafter should haue, or enjoy to the said chantries hospitals, free chapels, colleges, fraternityes, brotherheds, guilds, or other the said promotions that then were chargeable to the payment of the first fruits, and tenths:& all colleges that were chargeable, or not chargeable to the said payment of the first fruits& tenths as is aforesaid, or to any of them, as should be name, expressed& appointed in the said commission or commissions: and to seize and take the same chantries, hospitals, colleges, free chapels, fraternities, brotherheddes, guilds, and other the said promotions, manors, lands tenements, and other the premises mentioned in the said commission or commissyons, and in every of them, and every parte, parcel, and member of the same into the kings possession and hands, to haue and to hold the same to the said late king, and to his heires& successors, for ever, as by the said former act amongst other things more at large appeareth: it is now ordained and enacted by the king our sovereign lord with the assent of the lords and commons in this present Parliament assembled, and by the authority of the same, that al maner of colleges, free chapels, and chantries, having, being, or in esse, with-fiue yeares next before the first day of this present Parlyamente, which were not in actual and real possession of the said late king, nor in the actual and real possession of the king our sovereign lord that now is, nor excepted in the said former act in form abovesaid, other then such as by the kings commissyons in form hereafter mentioned shal be altered, transposed, or changed, and all manors, lands, tenements, rents, tithes, pensions, portions, and other hereditaments, and things above mentioned, belonging to them or any of them: and also al manors, lands, tenements, rents, and other hereditaments and things above mentioned by any maner of assurance, conueyghance, will, devise, or otherwise, had, made, suffered, knoweleged, or declared, given, assigned, limited, or appoynted to the finding of any Priest, to haue continuance for ever, and wherewith, or whereby any priest was sustained, maintained, or found within five yeres next before the first day of this present parliament, which were not in the actual and real possession of the said late king, nor in the actual and real possession of our sovereign lord the king that now is: and also, al annual rents, profits, and emoluments at any time within five yeares next before the beginning of this present Parliament, employed, paid or bestowed, toward, or for the maintenance, supportacion, or finding of any stipendary priest, intending by any act, or writing to haue continuance for ever, shall by the authority of this present Parliament, immediately after the feast of Easter next coming, be adiudged& deemed, and also be in the very actual and real possession and season of the king our sovereign lord,& his heires, and successors for ever, without any office or other inquisition thereof to bee had, or found, and in as large and ample maner and form, as the priestes, wardens, masters ministers, gouernours, rulers, or other incumbentes of them, or any of them, at any time within five yeres next before the beginning of this present Parliament, had, occupied or enjoyed, or now hath, occupieth, or enjoyeth the same, and as though all and singular the said Colleges free chapels, chantries, stipends, salaries of priestes, and the said manors, lands, tenements, hereditaments, and other the premises whatsoever they be,& every of them, were in this present act specially, particularly, and certeinlye rehearsed, name, and expressed by express words, names, surnames, corporations, titles, and faculties,& in their natures, kindes, and qualities. And over that be it ordained and enacted by the authority of this present parliament, that where any manours, lands, tenements, tithes, pensions, portions, rents, profits, or other hereditaments, by any maner of assurance, conueighaunce, will, devise, or other wise at any time heretofore had, made, suffered, knowledged, or declared, were given, assigned, or appointed, to, or for, the maintenance, sustentation, or finding of one priest, or of diuers pryests for term of certain yeres yet continuing, and that any priste hath been maintained, sustained, or found with the same, or with the revenues, or profits thereof within five yeres last, past, that the king from the said feast of Easter next coming, shall haue and enjoy in every behalf, for, and during al such time to come, every such, and like things, tenements, hereditaments, profits, and emoluments, as the priest, or priestes ought, or should haue had, for, or toward his, or their maintenance, sustenance, or finding,& for no longer, or further time, nor for any other profit, advantage or commodity therof to be taken. provided always, and it is ordained& enacted by the authority of this present parliament, that when& as soon as the time assigned, for the maintenance, sustentation, or finding of the priest, or priestes shall be expired and run: that then it shalbe lawful to every person& persons, to whom any manors, lands, tenements, tithes, portions, pensions, rents, and other hereditaments, or any of them should haue be longed, or appertained, if the said former Act and this act had never been had, or made, to enter into, take, perceive, haue and enjoy the same without any maner of liueri, ouster le main, petition, or other svit to be made to the king, in like maner, form, and condition, to all intents constructions, and purposes, as though the said former act and this act had never been had, or made, and as though the king had never had any season or possession therof. Any thing in the said former act or in this act, to the contrary in any wise notwithstanding. And be it ordained and enacted by thaucthoritie of this present parliament, that the king our sovereign lord, his heires, and successors from the said feast of Easter next coming, shall haue hood, perceive,& enjoy for ever al lands, tenements, rents, and other hereditaments which by any maner of assurance, conueighaunce, wills, will, devise, or otherwise at any time heretofore had, made, suffered, knowledged, or declared, were given, assigned, or appoynted to go, or bee employed wholly to the finding, or maintenance of any anniuersarye, or obite or other like thing, intent, or purpose, or of any light, or lamp, in any church or chapel, to haue continuance for ever, which hath been kept, or maintained within five yeres next before the said first day of this present parliament. And also that where but parte of the issues, or revenues of any manors, lands, tenements, rents, or other hereditaments hath by any of the ways, or means abovesaid bee given, assigned, or appoynted to be bestowed, or employed to the finding or maintenance of any anniuersarye, or obite or other like thing, intent, or purpose, or of any light, or lamp in any church or chapel, and to haue continuance for ever: that then our sovereign lord the king shall from the said feast of Easter next coming for ever haue, perceive, and enjoy every such sums of money, that in any one year within five yeres next before the first day of this present parliament, hath been expended and bestowed about the finding, or maintenance of any such anniversary, or obyte, or other like thing, intent, or purpose of any light, or lamp, to him, his heires, and successors for ever, as a rent charge to bee paid yearly at the feasts of saint michael the archangel, and the Annunciacyon of our Lady saint Mary the Virgin, by even portions in the kings court of the augmentations, and revenues of his trowne, or in any other court, or courts, as the king hereafter shall appoint. And that it shalbe lawful to our said sovereign lord the king, his heirs and successors for none payment of any such sum or sums of money, to distrain in the said manors, lands, and tenements of the issues and revenues, whereof the said anniuersarye, or obyte, or other like thing, or any such light or lampe was found, sustained, or maintained. And that for lack of sufficient distress, in or upon any of the premises, whereof any of the said yearly rents, or sums of money should be paid by the space of one month next after, that any of the said rents should be paid, and be not paid within the said month that then it shalbe lawful to,& for our sovereign lord the king, his heires, and successors by virtue of this present act, to enter into, and to haue, and possess, as much of the lands, tenements, and hereditaments, whereof the said rent, or rents should be levied, or paid, as the rent or rents that should be levied, or paid out of the famed, doth, or shall amount or come to in yearly value, and the same lands, tenements and hereditaments to hold and keep, and to haue our said sovereign lord the king, his heires and assigns for ever, or for such estate as our sovereign Lord the king, his heirs, or successors, had, or ought to haue had, of, or in the said rent, or rents. And it is also ordained and enacted by the authority of this present parliament, that our sovereign lord the king, shall from the said feast of Easter next coming, haue, perceive, and enjoy al and singular such sums of money, profits, commodities, and emoluments, which by virtue of any maner of assurance, conueighaunce, composicyon, will, deuife, or otherwise, heretofore haue ben given, assigned, limited, or appointed to haue continuance for ever, which in any one year within five yeres next before the beginning of this present parliament haue been paid, bestowed, or employed, by any maner of corporations, guilds, fraternities, companies, or fellowships of mysteries, or crafts, or any of them, being in england, Wales, and other the kings dominions, or by the masters, wardeines, gouernours, or other officers, or ministers, or by the master, warden, governor, or other officer, or minister of them, or any of them, toward, or about the finding, maintenance, or sustentation of any priest, or priestes, of any annyuersary, or obit, lamp, light or lights, or other like thing, as is aforesaid, to our said sovereign lord the king, his heires, and successoures for ever: to be paid yearly, as a rent charge, at the feasts of saint michael the Archaungel, and the Annunciation of our Lady, by even portions, in the kings court of augmentations, and revenues of his crown or in any other court, or courts, as the king hereafter shall appoint. And that it shalbe lawful to our said sovereign lord the king, his heires and successors for none payment of any such sums, or sum of money, profit, commodity, or emolumente, or for none payment of any of them, to distreigne in al that manors, lands, and tenements of every such crafts, corporations, guilds, fraternityes, companies, or felowshippes of mysteries or crafts, or any, of them, by whom, or by the masters, wardens, governors, or other officers, or ministers, or master warden, governor, or minister, of the which any such sums, or sum of money, profit, commodity, or emolument, haue or hath been payed bestowed, or employed: And that all and every of the said sums of money, profits, commodities, and emoluments, shal from the feast of Easter next coming, without any maner of inquisition, or office to be had, or found, be judged and deemed to be in the actual and real possession of our said sovereign Lord the king, in like maner& form, to all intents, construction,& purposes, as if the same had ben particularly and specially mentioned in this present act. And furthermore be it ordained& enacted by authority aforesaid that the king our sovereign lord,, shall from the said feast of Easter next coming, haue, and enjoy to him, his heires, and successors for ever, all fraternities, brotherheddes, and guilds, being within the realm of England, and Wales, and other the kings dominions: and al manors, lands, tenements, and other hereditaments, belonging to them, or any of them other then such corporations, guilds, fraternityes, companies, and felowshippes of mysteries, or crafts,& the manors lands, tenements, and other hereditaments, pertaining to the said corporations, guilds, fraternities, companies, and fellowships of mysteries, or crafts above mentioned: and shall by virtue of this act be judged and deemed, in actual and real possession of our said sovereign lord the king his heires, and successors, from the said feast of Easter next coming for ever, without any inquisicions or office therof to be had or found. And also be it ordained and enacted by the authority aforesaid, that our said sovereign lord the king, his heires and successors, at his& their will and pleasure may direct his, and their commissions and commission under the great seal of england to such persons as it shal please him. And that the same commissioners, or two of them at the least, shall haue full power and authority by virtue of this act,& of the said commission, as well to survey all and singular lay corporacyons, guyldes, fraternytyes, companies, and felowshyppes of mysteries, or crafts incorporate, and every of them, as all other thesaide fraternyties, brotherheddes, and guyldes within the limits of their commission, to them directed: And all the Guydences, composicions, books of accounts, and other writings of every of thē, to the intent thereby to know, what money, and other things was payed, or bestowed to the finding, or maintenance of any pryeste, or pryestes anniuersarye, or obite, or other like thing, light, or lampe, by them, or any of them: as also to inquire, search, and try by al such ways and means, as to them shall bee thought meet and convenient, what manoures, lands, tenements, rents, and other hereditaments, profits, commodytyes, emoluments, and other things be geeuen, limited, or appointed to our said sovereign lord the king by this act within the limits of their commission. And also that the same commissioners or two of them at the least, by virtue of this act, and of the commission to them directed, shal haue full power and authority to assign, and shall appoint in every such place where guild, fraternitye the pryeste, or incumbent of any chantry in esse, the first day of this present Parlyamente by the foundacyon ordinance, the first institution thereof, should or ought to haue kept a grammar school, or a preacher, and so hath done: sithence the feast of saint Mychael the archangel last paste, lands, tenements, and other hereditaments of every such chantry, guild, and fraternitye to remain, and continue in succession to a school master, or preacher for ever, for, and toward the keeping of a grammar school, or preaching, and for such godly intents, and purposes, and in such maner and form, as the same Commissioners, or two of them at the least shal assign, or appoint: And also to make and ordain a vicar to haue perpetuity for ever, in every parish church the first day of this present Parlyamente, being a college, free chapel, or chantry, or appropred, annexed, or united to any college, free chapel; or chantry, that shall come to the kings hands by virtue of this act, and to endowe every such vicar sufficiently, having respect to his cure and charge, the same endowement to be to every such Vicar, and to his successors for ever, without any other licence, or grant of the king, the bishop, or other Officers of the Diocese. And also the said commissioners, or two of them at the least, shall haue authority by force of this act, to assign in every great town, or parish, where they shal think necessary to haue more Priests then one for the ministering of the Sacramentes, within the same town, or parish, lands, and tenements belonging to any chantry, chappelle, or stipendiary Priest being within the same town, or parish the first day of this present Parliament, to bee to such person and persons, as the said commissioners, or two of them at the least, shall assign, or appoint to continue in succession for ever, for, and towards the sufficient finding, and maintenance of one, or more Priestes within the same town or parish, as by the said commissioners, or two of them shall bee thought necessary, or convenient. And aswell to make ordinances and rules, concerning the service, use, and demeanour of every such Priest and schoolmasters, as is aforesaid, to be appointed, as also by what name, or names, he and they shall from henceforth be name and called. And also that the said commissioners, or two of them at the least, shall haue full power and authority by virtue of this act, and of the said commission to them directed to assign aswell to every dean, Master, warden, provost, and other Incumbente, and minister of any of the said colleges, free chapels, or chauntryes, being within the limits of their commission, which hereafter shal be dissolved, or determined by virtue of this act. as to every Stypendarye Priest, and other Priest, whose Salary the king shalbe entitled unto by this act, as to every fellow and poor person, having yearly relief out of any of the said colleges, free chapels, or chauntryes being within the limits of their commission. such several yearly annuities, pencyons, or other recompenses, during their several lives, as to the same commissioners, or two of them shall bee thought meet and conuenyente. And over that the said commissioners, or two of them at the least, shall haue full power and authority by virtue of this act, and of the commission to them directed, to inquire, and try by such ways and means as they shall think meet and convenient, what money, profit and benefit any poor person, or persons by virtue of any conueighance, assurance, composition, will devise, or otherwise, heretofore had or made, intended or meant to haue continuance for ever, had, or enjoyed, within five yeres, next before the beginning of this present parliament out of any college, free chappelle, or chantry,& other the premises given; limited, or appointed to the king by this act, being within the limits of their commission. And thereupon to make assignments and orders in such maner and form, as al and singular such said money, profit and commodity shal bee paid to poor people for ever: according to such said assurance, composicyon, will, devise, or other thing had; or made, for the same, and to assign and appoint, lands, tenements or other hereditaments, parcel of the premises for the maintenance and continuance of the same for ever, and also to appoint to fraternityes, brotherheddes, and guilds, lands, tenements,& hereditaments parcel of the premises towards and for the maintenance of peers, iutties, walls, or banks, against the rages of the sea, havens and creeks. And that all and singular annuityes, pensions, and other recompenses, shal be half yearly payed to the persons, to whom the same ought to be payed by the kings Receyuour for the time being, of his lands commonly called the suppressed lands, or other his revenues, lying in the county or city, where such college, free chapel, or chantry or other the premises given, limited or appointed to the king, by this act, the first day of this present parliament, were or remained without any fee, or reward therfore to be paid: The first payment to begin at the feast of saint michael the archangel next coming. And that every such receiuour, vpon his account, shall haue full and due allowance of all such annuities, pensions;& other recompenses by him paid, by virtue of any such assignment to be made, by the said commissioners or two of them at the least. And it is ordained and enacted by the authority of this present parliament, that the said commissioners, and every of them, that shall take vpon him the execution of any of the said commissions, shalbe bound, as he will answer before God, to execute the commission, to him& other directed beneficially towards the deans, maisters, wardens, provosts,& other incumbents, and ministers aforesaid, and towards the poor people, concerning the said assygnements, and also toward the maintenance of peers, iutties, walls, or banks, against the rages of the sea, havens& creeks: And that al maner of assignments& ordinances to be made by the said commissioners, or two of thē at the least and certified under their seals or the seals of two of thē at the least, into the kings court of the augmentacyons& revenues of his crown, or to any other court or courts, by the kings majesty to be made or assigned, shal by virtue of this act, and of the said commissioners, bee as good and effectual in the law to al intents, constructions and purposes, as though the same had ben assigned and ordained by authority of this present parliament by express and apt words, terms, and sentences. provided also, that such annuities, pensions, or other recompenses, that the said commissioners, or any of them, shall assign or appoint to be paid yearly to any such dean master, warden, governor: or other incumbent, fellow, or minister, shall not extend to any more clear yearly value, then such dean, master, warden, provost, governor or other incumbent, fellow, or minister, or his predecessor lawfully had, or enjoyed in money, meate, drink, livery, or allowance of the same yearly, within five yeres, next before the beginning of this present parliament, provided also, that if any of the said maisters, wardens, provosts, governors, or other incumbents, fellow, or ministers, shal at any time hereafter, during his life, be promoted by the king to any bnfice, or other spiritual promotion, being of a better clear yearly value then his said annuity or pension, or other recompense shalbe of: that then thannuitie, pension, or other recompense, that any such dean, master, warden, governor, provost, or other incumbent, fellow, minister, that so shal be {pro}moted shal haue, shal immediately after such {pro}mocion had, cease,& utterly determine. And be it ordained& enacted by thaucthoritie of this presesent parliament, that the said commissioners, or two of them at the least, to whom any commission by virtue or mean of this act, shalbe directed& delivered shal be bound vpon the forfeiture, of every of them of a hundreth pound, to make certificat under their seals, or the seals of two of thē at the least into the said court of the augmentations, and revenues of the kings crown, or into any other court, as is aforesaid, within one year next after the commission to them directed, of al manors, lands, tenements, tents, tithes, portions, pensions, heredytaments,& recompenses by the same commissioners or two of them, assigned or appointed to any of the uses, intents, or purposes above mentioned. And also be it ordained& enacted, by thaucthority of this present parliament, that our sovereign lord the king shall haue& enjoy all such goods, cattels, jewels, plate, ornaments,& other movables, as were or be the common goods of every such college, chantry, freechappell, or stipendary priest, belonging or annexed to the furniture or services of their several foundations, or abused of any of the said corporations, in the abuses aforesaid, the property whereof was not altered nor changed before the .viii. day of December in the year of our lord god M.D.xlvii. And it is also ordained& enacted by thaucthoritie of this present parliament, that al such debts and sums of money, as ought, or should without fraud or covin hereafter be paid of the money or goods of any of the said colleges, due, or payable, by reason of any contract, specialty or promise, had or made, before the same .viii. day, shal truly& fully be paid by the treasurer of the kings court of thaugmentacions& revenues of his crown, or by the treasurer or receiver of any other court, to which any of the premises shalbe appointed of the kings treasure, being in his or their hands, with as convenient speed, as the same may be paid provided always, and be it ordained and enacted by the authority aforesaid, thac this act, or any article, clause, or matter contained in the same, shal not in any wise extend to any College, Hostoll, or hall, being within either of the universities of Cambrige and oxford, nor to any chantry founded in any of the Colleges, Hostelles, or walls, being in the same universities, nor to the free chapel of saint George, the martyr, situate in the Castle of Windesore, nor to the College, called saint Mary College of Winchester, besides Winchester, of the foundation of bishop Wikham, nor to the College of Eton, nor to the parish church, commonly called the Chapel in the sea in Newton, within the Isle of Ely, in the county of Cambrige, nor to any manors, lands, tenements or hereditaments, to them, or to any of them pertaining, or belonging, nor to any chapel made or ordained, for the ease of the people, dwelling distant from the parish church, or such like chapel, whereunto no more lands or tenements, then the churchyard, or a little house or close, doth belong or pertain, nor to any cathedral church or College, where a bishops sea is within this realm of england, or in Wales, nor to the Manoures, lands, tenements, or other hereditaments of any of them, other then to such chantries, Obites, lights and lamps, or any of them, as at any time within five yeres next before the beginning of this present parliament, haue been had, used, or maintened, within the said cathedrall churches, or within any of them, or the issues, revenues, or profits of any of the said cathedral Churchs, to which chantries, Obites, lights and lamps, it is enacted by the authority aforesaid, that this act shall extend. And it is ordained& enacted by the authority aforesaid, that our sovereign lord the king at any time, during his life( which God long preserve, may at his will and pleasure, alter and change the name or names, of all and singular chantries, and the Foundations of the same, being in any of the Colleges, Hostelles, or walls, of any of the said universities, according as to his godly, wisdom shalbe thought meet and convenient. saving to all and every person and persons, bodies politic and corporate, their heires and successors, and the heires and successoures of every of them, other then the Maisters, wardens, Ministers, governors, Rulers, Priestes, Incumbentes, fellows, and brethren of the said Colleges, chantries, freechappels, and other the premises, given limited, or appointed to the king by this act:& the successors of thē, and every of them, and other then such as bee, or pretend to bee, foundoures, patrons, or donours of the premises, or any of them, or of any part or parcel therof, and the heires, successors and assigns of every, or any of them: and other then such as bee, or were feoffees, recoveries, conisies, grantees, or devisees of any of the premises, to, or for any of the uses, purposes, or intents above mentioned, or to the use of any of the said Colleges, Free chapels, chantries, or other the premises, given, limited, or appointed by this act to the king, or to the intent to employ the rents or profits thereof, to the use of Maisters, Rulers, Incumbentes, or Ministers of them, or any of them: and other then such person and persons, and bodies politic and corporate, their heires, successors, and assigns, as claim or pretend, to haue estate, right, title, interest, use, possession, or condition, of, in, or to the premises, or any part or parcel thereof, by reason of any feoffment, fine, bargain and sale, or by any other ways, means, or conueighaunce to them made, of any estate of inheritance, without the said late kings licence, assent, consent, or agreement, and without the licence, assent, or agreement, of the kings majesty that now is, by any of the said deans, maisters, Wardeines, ministers, gouernours, rulers, priests, or incumbentes, or by the Foundours, donours, or patrons of them, or of any of them, all such right, title, claim, possession, interest, rents, annuities, commodities, commons, offices, fees, leases, liveries, livings, pensions, portions, debts, dueties, and other profits, which they, or any of thē lawfully haue, or of right ought to haue, or might haue had, in, of, or to any of the premises, or in, of, or to any part or parcel therof, in such like maner, form and condition, to all intents, respects, constructions, and purposes, as if this act had never been had nor made, and as though the said chantries, colleges, and other the said promotions, had still continued and remained in their full being: and saving to all and every patron, donor, foundour, or governor of any such college, chantry, free chapel, stipendiary priestes, and other the premises, given, limited, or appointed to the king by this act, and the donor, feoffoure, and giver of the aforesaid lands, tenements, or hereditaments, to them, or any of them, or to any uses, or purposes before mentioned, all such rents, services, rents secke, rents charge, fees, annuities, profits, and offices: and also lease for term of life, lives, and yeres, whereupon the accustomend rent, or more, is reserved, as they, or any of them lawfully had, perceived, and enjoyed, in, out, or of any the said promotions, or out of any of the said lands, tenements, or hereditaments, before the first day of this present parliament. And over that, it is ordained and enacted by the authority of this present parliament, that all and every person and persons, being in life, which haue, or hath for any somme of money to him or thē, payed, bargained, or sold, any manors, lands, tenements, or other hereditaments aforesaid, whereunto the king our sovereign lord is entitled, by virtue of this act, shall repay to such person, as so bought any of the said Manoures, lands, tenements, or other hereditaments, or to his Executours or assigns, vpon a request therfore made, or within three months, then next ensuing the same request, as much money, as he, or they received, for the sale of any thing, so by him or them sold, And for none payment therof, such person and persons as purchased, or bought the said lands, tenements, and other the premises, or any parcel therof, and their executours and administrators, shalbee enabled by thauctoritie of this present parliament, to sue, and maintain an action of debt at the common laws of this realm, against such person or persons, as so bargained or sold to him or thē, or to their testator any of the premises, belonging to any college, chantry, free chapel, or other promotion spiritual, in which action of debt, none essoin, protection, or wager of lawe shalbe admitted or allowed. And bee it further enacted by the authority aforesaid, that all, and every of the said chantries, colleges,& freechapels, and other the premises, given, limited, or appointed to the king by this acre, and all the mansion houses, manors, lands, tenements, possessions, and hereditaments, and other the premises whatsoever they be, given, limited,& appointed to the king by this act, and every parte and parcel of thē which by authority and virtue of this act, been vested, adiudged,& deemed, or shalbe in the kings majesties possession& hands, or which the king shalbe entitled unto, by virtue of this act, shalbe in the order, suruaye and governance of our souerein lord the kings court of the Augmentations and revenues of his crown, or in such other court as the king at any time hereafter shall assign, name, or appoint, and so shall, and may be granted, letten, and set to the farm by the chancellor, officers, and ministres of the same court, or of any other court so to bee appointed, in such maner and form, as other manoures, lands, tenements, appointed to the same court of Augmentations, and revenues of his graces crown, or other court so to be appointed, ben to bee granted or letten: And that all the farms, issues, revenues and profits, coming& growing of the same premises, and of every parte thereof, shal be taken and received to the kings use, by the officers and ministers of the same court or courts, in such maner and form, as is used and had of other manors, lands, and tenements,& of the issues, revenues, and profits of the same, committed to the order, rule, survey, and governance of the said court of the Augmentations and revenues of the kings crown, or any other court so to bee appointed: any act, statute, ordinance, custom, or use, heretofore had, made, or used, to the contrary notwithstanding. And it is further enacted by authority aforesaid, that if any of the said Maisters, wardens, Ministers, Rulers, Gouernours, Priestes, Incumbentes, or owners of any such college, chantry, free chapel, or of any the premises, given, limited, or appointed to the king by this act, or of any of them, sithence the xxiii. day of Nouembre, in the xxxvii. year of the reign of the said late king, haue made any lease, under his or their common seal, or otherwise, for term of yeres, life, or lives, of their said colleges, chantries, freechapels, or of other the same premises, or of any part thereof, or of any manors, lands, Tenements, possessions, or hereditaments, whatsoever they be, to them, or to any of them, united, or annexed, belonging, or appertaining, vpon the which leases, the usual and old rents and fermes, accustomend to bee yelden and reserved, or more, by the space of xx. yeres next before the said xxiii. day of Nouembre, not reserved and yelden, shal be utterly void and of none effect: and that all other leases and grants, heretofore made of any the premises, given, limited, or appointed to the king by this act, shalbe as good, available, and effectual in the law, to all intents, constructions, and purposes, as if this act had never been had, or made, any thing in this act, or any other act heretofore had or made, to the contrary thereof, in any wise notwithstanding. provided always,& be it further ordained& enacted by the authority aforesaid, that this act, or any thing therein contained, shall not extend to any manors, lands, tenements, possessions, or hereditaments, which the said Maistres, wardens, Ministres, chantry priestes, Incumbentes, or other the said Gouernours, Officers, ministers, or rulers of the premises, or of any of them, hath, or is, or hereafter shal haue, or bee possessed, or seized of in fee simplo, fee tail general or special for term of life, term of yeres, or otherwise, to his or their own proper uses, by inheritance, or purchase: and not being at any time united, or annexed, to his or their said Colleges, Free chapels, chantries, or other the premises, given, limited, or appointed to the king by this act: nor shall extend to any Manoures, lands, tenements, possessions, rents, annuities, and yearly pension, or pensions, or to any yearly sum, or sums of money, being not united, or parcel of any the said Colleges, and other the premises aforesaid, or of any of thē heretofore given or granted by the said late king, or given or granted, or hereafter to be given or granted by the king our sovereign lord, to any of the said deans, Maisters, wardens, Ministers, chantry priestes, Incumbentes, gouernours, or rulers of the premises, or of any of them, for term of life onely, under his great seal of England, or under the seal of the court of the Augmentations, and revenues of the kings crown, or any other of the kings seals, of any of his courts: any thing contained in this act, to the contrary in any wise notwithstanding. provided alway, and bee it enacted by authority aforesaid, that aswell, all and every patron, donor, Foundour, and giver of any of the said promotions, or premises, or giver, donor, or Feoffer, of any their lands, tenements, Possessions, or other hereditaments, as all and every person and persons, bodies politic and corporate, which before the making of this act, lawfully without fraud or couine, had, or enjoyed, any maner of rent, or other yearly profits, to bee taken, perceived, or had, of any chantries, colleges, free chapels, or other the premises, given, limited, or appointed to the king by this act, or out of any manors, lands, tenements, or other possessions of them, or any of them shall haue and enjoy the same, in like maner and form, as they should and ought to haue doen, if the said colleges, chantries, free chapels, and other the premises given, limited, or appointed to the king by this act, had still remained and continued in esse, and full being: any thing in this act mentioned to the contrary in any wise notwithstanding. provided also, and bee it enacted by the authority aforesaid, that yf any such governor, ruler, warden, master, incumbent, minister, or other having any of the said spiritual promotions, or incumbentes, haue, or shal compound for the first fruits of any such spiritual promotions, according to the laws and statutes of this realm, and the dayes of payment of any part therof, not expired before the first day of this parliament, that all sums of money so to bee due and payable sithence the said first day of this parliament, shall cease, and bee not paid, asked, or demanded: any bonde, recognisance, surety, or other thing had, or made to the contrary notwithstanding. provided always,& be it enacted by the authority aforesaid, that all such rents, services, issues, profits, and other sums of money payable out, of, or for any of the premises, or any of thē, in the kings court of his exchequer, shall continue, and be continually and yearly levied, charged, or paid in the same court, in such maner and form, as heretofore hath ben used: any lawe, custom, unity of possession in the kings highness, or other thing to the contrary notwithstanding: And as though the said promotions, manors, lands, tenements, and other the premises had not come to the kings hands or possession. And be it further enacted by the authority aforesaid, that all and every letters patents made by the said late king Henry the eight, or by the king majesty that now is, or hereafter to be made by his highness, to any person or persons, or to any archbishop, or bishop, of any of the said colleges, chantries, free chapels, or other the premises, or any part or parcel of them, or of any lands, tenements or hereditaments, belonging or appertaining, or that did belong, or appertain to thē, or to any of them: And all fines, gifts, grants, feoffments, recoveries, and all other assurances and conueighaunces therof had or made, by the assent, consent, or licence, under the great seal of england, of the said late king henry the eight, or of the kings majesty that now is, to any person or persons, bodies politic or corporate, by any chantry priest, master, warden, minister, ruler, governor, or other having any of the said promotions, of any of the said Colleges, chantries, free chapels, or other the premises, or of any of them, or of any part, parcel, or member of the same, shall stand and bee in their forces, and effects, and shalbee good and effectual in the lawe, for such statutes and interests, given, granted, limited, or appointed in any of the gifts, grants, assurances, or conueighances therof had or made, according to their purportes, form& maner, and according to the true intent and meaning of the same assurances, and shalbee by authority of this act, good, perfect, and available, aswell against the king, his heires and successors, as against the said chantry priestes, wardens, maisters, rulers, gouernours, and other having any of the said promotions, and their successors, and the successors of every of them: as also against the foundours, donours, and patrons of the same,& the ordinary of them, and every of them, and the heires and successoures of every of them: any lawe, statute, ordinance, or other thing, to the contrary thereof notwithstanding. And where diuers and sundry bishops, deans, Archedeacones, Treasaurours, Prebendaries, chantry priestes, maisters, prouostes, Rulers, Gouernours of any Deaneries, Archedeaneries, Treasaurorshippes, prebends, freechappels, chantries, or Colleges, within this realm of England, and other the kings majesties dominions, or any of the patrons, foundours, donours of any of the bishoprics, Treasaurourshippes, Deaneries, chantries, free chapels, or other the said Spiritual promotions, of their voluntary wills or mindes, for diuers good and reasonable causes and considerations, by deed or deeds enrolled, or by other writings, or conueighaunces heretofore given and granted to the late king of famous memory Henry the eight, late king of England,& to his heirs, or to our sovereign lord the king that now is, and to his heires, diuers of their Deaneries, Archedeaneries, Treasaurorshippes, prebends, chapels, chantries,& colleges, or any other ecclesiastical or spiritual promotions last before remembered and all, or some part of the Manoures, lands, tenements, tithes, pensions, annuities, rents, reuertions, and other revenues, hereditaments, possessions, emoluments and profits, to the same bishoprics, deaneries, colleges, and other like promotions, benefice, offices,& dignities, or to any of them belonging, appertaining, united, or annexed, or which the said bishops, deans, archedeacons, treasaurors, chantry priestes, maisters, prouostes, rulers, gouernours, and other ecclesiastical, or spiritual officers or ministers, or any of the said patrons, donours, or foundours, or any of them had, or enjoyed in the right, or by reason of any of the same promotions, offices, or dignities. Be it enacted by the authority aforesaid, that all and every gifts, and grants heretofore made to the said late king, and to his heires, or to our sovereign lord the king that now is, and to his heirs, by any archbishop, bishop, dean, archdeacon, Treasaurour, Prebendary, master, provost, governor, or other the said ecclesiastical or spiritual person or persons, or by any patrons, donor, or foundour of any of the said Deaneries, chantries, or other of the said spiritual, or Ecclesiastical promotions, or of all, or any of the manors, lands, tenements, tithes, rents, reversions, pensions, portions, annuities, or other hereditaments, revenues, emoluments, profits, or commodities, to any of the said benefice, offices, prebends, promotions, or dignities belonging, appertaining, united, or annexed, or which any of the same archebishoppes, bishops, deans, Archedeacons, Treasaurours, Masters, Prouostes, Prebendaries, Rulers, Gouernours, Officers, or Ministers, patrons, Foundours, or Donours, had, or enjoyed, or haue, or enjoy, or ought to haue or enjoy, in the right, or by reason, or means of any of the same promotions, offices, or dignities, shalbe good& effectual in the lawe, to all intents and purposes: saving to all and every person and persons, and bodies politic and corporate, their heires, successors, and assigns, and to the heires, successors, and assigns of every of them, other then the Archebishops, Bishops, deans, Archdeacons, treasaurours, prebendaries, rulers, governors, wardeines, prouostes, geuours, and grauntours of any of the premises,& their heires, successors, and assigns, and other then such ecclesiastical, or spiritual persons, bodies politic or corporate, as are, or pretend to bee foundours, donours, patrons, or ordinaries of the premises, or any of them, all such rights, titles, interests, claims, entries, rents, reversions, remainders, fees, offices, annuities, lands, tenements, hereditaments, profits, commodities, and emoluments, as they or any of them haue, or should, or ought to haue had, of, in, or to the premises next above mentioned, or any part therof, as if this act had never ben had, or made, any thing in this act to the contrary in any wise notwithstanding. provided always, that this act, or any thing therein contained, shall not in any wise extend to make good or effectual, any gift, grant, bargain, sale, or alienation made by any person, or vicar of their Personages, or Vicarages, or of any part or parcel thereof, or of any thing to them, or any of them belonging or appertaining. provided also, that this act, or any thing therein contained, shall not in any wise extend, to hinder or prejudice George brook knight, lord Cobhā, his heires, or assigns, for, or concerning the late college of Cobham, in the county of kent, or the manors, lands, tenements, or possessions therof: any thing above mentioned to the contrary, in any wise notwithstanding. provided also, and be it enacted, by the authority aforesaid, that this present act, or any thing therein contained, shall in any wise extend, or be prejudicial or hurtful to the general corporation of any city, borough, or town, within this realm, or any other the kings dominions, ne shall extend to any the lands, or hereditaments, of them, or any of them: Any thing herein contained, to the contrary in any wise notwithstanding. provided also, and be it enacted by the authority aforesaid, that all such of the said colleges, free chapels, chantries, and other the premises, being appointed and given to the kings highness, by the authority of this act, as be within the duchy of Lancaster,& all manoures, lands, tenements, and hereditaments, pertaining or belonging to the same colleges, free chapels, and chantries, shall after the said feast of Easter next coming, be within the survey& order of the court of the duchy of lancaster, in such maner and form, as other the premises bee assigned or appointed by authority of this act, to be in the survey and order of the Court of the Augmentations and revenues of the kings crown, or other court by the king to be assigned: and that all commissions, that hereafter shal be awarded by virtue& force of this act, concerning such colleges, free chapels, chantries, and other the premises, as bee within the said duchy of lancaster, shalbe awarded under the great seal of England,& shalbe certified into the same court of the duchy of lancaster: any thing abovesaid to the contrary in any wise notwithstanding. provided always,& bee it enacted by the authority aforesaid, that this act, ne any thing therein contained, shall extend to the College, or chantry of Attylbourghe in the county of norfolk, which the said late king Henry the eight gave to robert, late earl of Sussex,& to his heirs: but that Henry now earl of Sussex, son and heir to the said late earl, his heires and assigns, shall,& may, by thauctoritie of this act, haue and enjoy the said college, and chantry, and all manors, lands, tenements, aduowsons, tithes, pensions, portions, and other hereditaments thereunto belonging or appertaining: any thing in this act, to the contrary in any wise notwithstanding. provided always, and by the authority aforesaid, bee it enacted, that the kings majesty, at any time, when it shal seem to him good, may give authority to certain his graces commissioners, to alter the nature and condition of all maner of Obites, as well within the universities of Cambridge and oxford, as in any other place, within this his graces realm of england and Wales, being not suppressed ne annichilate by virtue of this present act, and the same Obites so altered, to dispose to a better use, as to the relief of some poor men being students, or otherwise. provided also, and be it enacted by authority aforesaid, that it shal not be lawful to any person or persons, bodies politic or corporate, by reason of any remainder, use, or condition, to enter into, claim, or challenge any lands, tenements, or hereditaments, for the none doing, not naming, or none finding of any such priest or priestes, or poor folkes, as is aforesaid, obite, anniversary, light or lamp, from henceforth to be founden or doen: any thing herein contained, to the contrary in any wise notwithstanding. provided always, that this act, nor any thing therein contained, shal in any wise extend to any lands, tenements, possessions, or hereditaments whatsoever, that any master, dean, Prebendary, warden, or chantry, or any stipendiary priest of any college, chantry, prebend, fraternity, guild, or any other corporations haue, or held of any person or persons, by copy of court roll, or at will, according to the custom of any manor or manors: nor give or grant any copyhold lands to the kings highness. And also provided, that the kings highnes, his heires, or successors, shall not in any wise haue, hold, enjoy, or take by virtue of this act, or any article therein contained, any maner of copyhold, lands, tenements, possessions, or hereditaments whatsoever they be: but that all& every of the said persons and incumbentes shall haue, hold, and enjoy the same, during their lives, towards their pension and yearly living, paying the rents, and doing their customs and services thereof due& accustomend: any thing in this act, to the contrary notwithstanding. provided, that this act shall not extend to any lands, tenements, or hereditaments assigned, appointed, or intended for the finding, or maintenance of any chantry priest, or stipendiary priest, which by any former right, and good title, without fraud or couine, were lawfully recovered from the possession of any such chantry priest, or stipendary priest, before the first day of Octobre: the said xxxvii. year of the reign of the said late king Henry the eight, which lands, tenements,& hereditaments were not charged, nor chargeable to the payment of the perpetual tenth: any thing in this act, to the contrary hereof notwithstanding. provided always, and be it enacted by the authority aforesaid, that all and singular grants, licences, confirmations,& letters patents, which our late sovereign lord king Henry the eight, or our souereign lord the king that now is, haue made under the great seal of England to any person or persons, bodies politic or corporate, of any college, chapel, or chantry now being in esse, or standing, or now not being in esse, or not standing, or of any worships, manors, lands, tenements, and hereditaments, annexed, united, belonging, or appertaining to any college, chapel, or chantry now being in esse, or standing, or now not being in esse, or not standing, or of any other thing or things mentioned, expressed, or contained in any such grant, licence, confirmation, or letters patents, shall from henceforth bee deemed, taken, expouned,& adiudged good and effectual in the lawe, according to the words, sentences, meanings, intents, form, and effects of the same grants, licences, confirmations, and letters patents, to all intents, constructions, and purposes, as if this act, and the said act made in the said xxxvii. year of the said late king Henry the eight, had never ben had, nor made. And that this act, or the said act made in the said xxxvii. year of the reign of our said late sovereign lord king Henry the eight, or any clause, article, sentence, or other thing therein contained, shal not extend to any Colleges, chapels, chantries, or other thing or things mentioned in this act, now being in esse, or standing, or now not being in esse, or not standing, or to any manors, lands, tenements, possessions, revenues, or hereditaments, annexed, united, belonging, or apperteininge to any College, chapel, chantry, or other thing mentioned in this act now being in esse or standing, or now not being in esse, or not standing, or to any other thing or things, mentioned, or expressed in this act: which any person or persons, bodies politic or corporate haue had, or obtained, by the assent, licence, confirmation, grant, or letters patents of the said late king, or of the kings majesty that now is: nor shall extend to any manors, lands, tenements, revenues, possessions, hereditaments, or other thing or things, mentioned, expressed, or contained in any such licence, confirmation, grant, or letters patents: but that every such person and persons, bodies politic and corporate, their heires& successors and assigns, and the heires, successoures, and assigns of every of them, shall haue, hold, and enjoy, all and every the same colleges, chapels, chantries, manors, lands, tenements, revenues, Possessions, and hereditaments, and all and every other thing and things whatsoever, so by them had or obtained, by the assent, licence, confirmation, grant, or letters patents of the said late king, or of the kings majesty that now is, according to the words, sentences, form, effect, meaning, and intent of the same licences, confirmations, grants, and Letters patents: this act, or the said act made in the said xxxvii. year of the reign of the said late king Henry the eight, or any clause, article, sentence, matter, or thing mentioned, expressed, or contained in any of the same acts, to the contrary thereof in any wise notwithstanding. ¶ An act concerning the kings most gracious general pardon.¶ The .xv. chapter. THe kings most Royal majesty right well perceiving his loving subiects by many and sundry ways and means, to haue born& sustained the great adventures, charges, and business of warres,& desences of this his realm, aswell in the time of his most dere father king Henry the eight, as in his time and reign, intending of his clememcie and pity to gratify his said subiects with his gracious free and liberal pardon, according to his kyngly power, trusting assuredly that his said subiectes will continue his loving& assured obedient subiects,& hereafter in such sort obey his highness laws& statutes, as to thē, and every of thē of right appertaineth: is fully and resolutelye contented& pleased, that it bee enacted by authority of this present parliament, in maner& form following, that is to say, that all and every of his said subiects, as well spiritual as temporal, of this his realm of england, Wales, the Isles of jernesey and Garnesey, berwick, Caleis, Guisnes, hams, Bulleyn, and Bull●noys, and the marches of the same, the heires, successors, executours, and administrators of them and every of thē, and all and singular bodies in any maner of wise corporate, Cities, boroughs, Shires, Ridinges, handmaides, laths, Wapentakes, towns, Villages, and Tithings, and every of them, and the successor and successoures of every of them, shal be by the authority of this present Parlamente, acquitted, pardonned, released and discharged against the kings hyghenes, his heires, successoures, and executours, and every of them, of all maner of Treasons, Heresies, Felonies, Robberies, offences, contempts, Trespasses, wrongs, deceipts, misdemeanours, forfeitures, penalties, and profits, sums of money, pains of death, pains corporal and pecuniary, and all other things, causes, quereles, suits, judgements, and executions, which may be, or can be by his highness in any wise, or by any mean pardonned, before, and unto the xxv. day of december, in the year of our Lord God a M. CCCCC.xlvii. Other then such as hereafter in this act bee excepted or foreprised, in such maner and form, and unto such times as they be excepted or forprised in this act: and other then such as the clauses or prouisos hereafter mentioned, doth extend unto. And also the kings highness is further contented and pleased, that it bee enacted by the authority of this present parliament, that this his said free pardon shalbe as good and effectual in the lawe, to every of his said subiectes, bodies corporate, and other before rehearsed, and to every of them, by the said general words before rehearsed in all things, which bee not hereafter in this present act excepted or forprised, as the same pardon should haue been, if all offences, contempts, forfeitures, causes, matters, suits, querelles, judgements, executions, penalties, and all other things not hereafter excepted, nor contained in any clause of proviso hereafter mentioned, had been, particularly, singularly, specially, and plainly name, rehearsed,& specified, and also pardonned by proper and express words and names, in their kinds, natures, and qualities, by words and terms thereunto requisite, to haue ben put in, and expressed in this present act of free pardon: and that his said subiectes, nor any of them, nor the heires, executours or administrators of any of them, nor any of the said bodies corporate, nor any other persons, bodies politic or corporat before name, or any of them, bee, nor shal be sued, vexed, or inquieted in their bodies, goods, lands, or cattalles, for any maner matter, cause, contempt, misdemeanour, forfeiture, trespass, offence, or any other thing, suffered, doen or committed against his highness, his crown, dignity, prerogative, lawe or statutes, but onely for such matters, causes, and offences, as bee rehearsed in the exceptions and clauses of proviso, in this present act hereafter mentioned, in such maner and form as in the same exceptions& clauses of proviso be mentioned, and for none other: any statute or statutes, laws, customs, uses, or president heretofore had, made, or used, to the contrary in any wise notwithstanding. Also the kings highness, of his bounteous liberality, by authority of this present parliament, granteth and freely giveth to every of his said subiectes, and to every of the said bodies corporate and other before rehearsed, and to every of them, all such goods, cattalles, debts, fines, issues, profits, amerciaments, forfeitures and sums of money by any of them forfeicted, which to his highness do, or should belong or appertain by reason of any offence, contempt, trespass, misdemeanour, matter, cause, or querele suffered, doen or committed by them, or any of them, which be not hereafter foreprised or excepted in this present act. And that all and every the kings said subiectes, and all and singular bodies corporate, and other before rehearsed, may by him or wolf, or by his or their deputy or deputies, or by his or their attorney, or attorneys, according to the laws of this realm, plead and minister this present act of free pardon for his or their discharge, of,& for every thing, that is by virtue of this present act pardonned, discharged, given, or granted without any fee or other thing, in any wise payinge to any person or persons, for writing, or entry of the iudgement, or other cause concerning such plea, writing or entry, but onely xii. d. to bee payed to the officer or clerk that shall entre the plea, matter or iudgement, for the discharge of any of the party so pleading the same: any statute, or use, to the contrary in any wise notwithstanding. And furthermore, the kings highness is contented and pleased, that it be enacted, by the authority of this present parliament, that his said free pardon, by the general words before rehearsed, shalbe reputed, deemed, and adiudged, allowed, and taken in all maner of courts,& else where, as well in the words and clauses of exceptions and foreprises specified in this present act, as in all and singular other clauses, words, and sentences, mentioned and rehearsed in this his said free pardon most beneficially and auaileably, to all and singular his said subiectes, bodies corporate, and other before rehearsed, and to every of thē, in all things ambiguous, or doubtful, and most strongly in bar, and discharge against his highness, his heires, successoures, and executours, in every thing, without any obstacle, challenge, or other delay, whatsoever it shal be, to be made, pleaded, objected, or alleged by the king our sovereign lord, his heirs, successors, or executours, or by his, or any of their general attorney, or attorneys, or by any person or persons, for his hyghenes, or any of his heires, successors, or executours. And furthermore, it is enacted by the king our sovereign Lord, by authority of this present parliament, that yf any officer or clerk, of any of his highness courts, commonly called the kings bench, chancery,& Common place, or of his exchequer, or any other officer or clerk of any other court within this realm, or in Wales, or other the kings dominions above mentioned, at any time after the twenty day of january next coming, which shalbe in the year of our lord God a. M. CCCCC.xlvii. make out, or writ out any maner writtes, or other process, or any extractes, summons, or other precepts, whereby any of the said subiectes, or any of the said bodies corporate, or other before rehearsed, or any of them, shal be in any wise arrested, attached, distrained, summoned, or otherwise vexed, inquieted, or grieved in his or their bodies, lands, tenements, goods, or cattalles, or in any of thē, for, or because of any maner of thing pardonned or discharged, by vtue of this act of free pardon, he so offending, and therof leefully condemned, shal yield and pay for the recompense therof, to the party so grieved or offended, triple damages, to bee accounted, as parcel of the damages and costs of the suite. And nevertheless, all and singular such writtes, process, extractes and precepts so to be made, for, or vpon any maner thing pardonned or discharged by this present act of free pardon, shalbee utterly void and of none effect. Excepted always and foreprised out of this general and free pardon, all and all maner of high Treasons, petit Treason, and misprision of Treason, doen, committed, or perpetrated, in any of the parties beyond the sea, and all and all maner of Treason, doen, or committed in any other place, by any person or persons, by any overt deed, whereby any bodily hurt or harm shal come, or be doen to the kings onely person, and all suits, punishments, executions, forfeictures and penalties, for or by reason or occasion of any of the same Treasons, before excepted. And excepted all pmpensed and voluntary murders, and also except al titles of actions, of Quare impedit, all ravishments, and withholding of the kings wards and wards lands, and the profits of the same at any time grown to the kings hands, or to any of his noble progenitoures, and not yet discharged, all wastes of the kings woods, as well in parks, forests, chaces, and else where, and all sums of money granted, or promised to be payed, by way or mean of benevolence or contribution not payed and contented: and all and singular debts, other then debts grown vpon Recognisaunces, being already forfeited for surety of the peace, good abearing, or for none appearance at any day or place. And excepted and forprised out of this pardon, all maner of accoumptes, and all actions, suits, and impetitions for the same, and all arrearages of accounts and debts due for the same. And also, excepted all homages, liveries, and reliefs, rents, services, and arrearages of the same, not doen, or not paid. And also excepted al debts, which were due to the kings highness, or to the said late king of famous memory king Henry the eight, or to the late king Henry the vii. or to any person or persons, to the use of the king our sovereign lord, or of his said father, or king Henry the vii. by any condemnation, recognisance, obligation, or otherwise. And also excepted all and singular forfeitures being due to our sovereign Lord the king, or to the said late king, by any penal statute or statutes, which be converted into the nature of debt, by iudgement, or by agreement of the offeder, and al forfeitures, and other penalties and profits, grown, or due by reason of any offence or act committed or doen, contrary to any statute or statutes, or contrary to the common lawe, whereof any seizure is made, or any information is given in the kings exchequer, or any suite there commensed,& now depending, and not yet determined: Or whereof the kings highness, or his said father, by bill assigned, or otherwise, haue made any gift or assignment, to any of the servants of our said sovereign lord the king, or of his said father, or to any other person or persons. Also except and forprised out of this free pardon, all and all maner of forgeing, counterfeycting, washing, and clipping of whatsoever money or coin, currant in this realm, and the bringing into this realm of any false or counterfeit money or coin, made, forged, or counterfeit out of this realm, and the uttering of any such false or counterfeit money or coin, had, made, done, or perpetrated, sithence the xxvii. day of january last past,& all& all maner of offences, impetitions, punishments, forfeitures, pains of death, judgements, and execution for the same. And also, except and forprised out of this free pardon, all and singular fines to be had, made, or payed, by reason or mean of any alienation, had or made of any manors, lands, tenements, or other hereditaments without licence, sithence the said xxvii. day of january. Also except& forprised out of this free pardon, all and all maner of manslaughters, Burgularies, robberies, of any person or persons, in any house, or nere any high way, and wilful burning of houses, and wilful burning of barns, in which barns any corn was, at the time of such burning, and all maner of rauishmentes of any woman against her will; all felonious taking of any money or goods, out of any church or chapel, al and all maner of felonious taking of any horse, gelding, or mere, and all maner of piracies and offences vpon the Sea, had, done, committed, or perpetrated, sithence the first day of August last past: and all maner of punishments, impetitions, forfeitures, pains of death, judgements, and executions for the same. And except and forprised out of this free pardon, all,& all maner of intrusions, had, made, or doen, sithence the said xxvii. day of january last past. And except and forprised out of this free pardon, all and all maner of deceits and offences, of all and singular moniers, and other officers, ministers,& workmen, of, or in any of the mints within this realm, and all impetitions and punishments for the same. And except and forprised out of this free pardon, all and all maner of decaying of any message, cottage, or house, and the converting of lands from tillage unto pasture, contrary to any statute, heretofore had or made. And except and forprised the issues, revenues,& profits of all and singular such messages, cottages, houses, and lands, coming, arising, or growing, sithence the said xxvii. day of January last past. And except and forprised out of this free pardon, all and singular collectors, or collector of any subsidy, fifteen, benevolence, or contribution, and other persons whatsoever, that ought to be accomptaunt, and the heirs, executours, and administrators of every of them, of, for, and concerning all maner of debts, accoumptes, and arrearages of accoumptes,& all maner of concelementes of customs and subsidies, and all maner of impetitions and suits for the same. And except& forprised out of this free pardon, all and singular persons and person, being the ii. day of december, in the year of our Lord God M.D.xlvii. prisoners or prisoner, in the tower of London,& all and singular persons and person, which at any time, before the ii. day of Decembre, did fly out of this realm, into the parties beyond the sea, for any treason, or misprision of treason. And except and forprised out of this free pardon, all issues, fines, and amerciaments, affered, taxed, set, extracted, or entred severally or particularly, extending to the somme of an C.s. or above. And that al and singular other fines, aswell fines pro licentia concordandi as other, and all other issues and amerciaments, as well real as other, which severally or particularly, extend not to the same somme of. C.s. whether they be totted or not totted, taken to the charge of the sheriff, or not taken to his charge, extracted, or not extracted, whether they be turned into debt or not into debt, and not being levied, nor received by any sheriff or shirifes, bailiff, ministers, or other officers, shal be fully, clearly, and plainly pardonned,& discharged against the king our sovereign lord, his heirs and successors for ever, by this present act of free pardon. And bee it further enacted by the authority aforesaid, that in case it be objected, to, or against any sheriff or sheriffs, or other accomptantes in the kings court of exchequer, or in any other his courts, that any sheriff or sheriffs, other then officers accountant, haue received or taken any such fines, issues, or amerciaments, by this present act pardonned and acquitted: that then every such sheriff and sheriffs,& other accomptantes shalbe discharged, released, pardonned, and acquitted therof, by his or their oath, without any further trial in that behalf. provided alway, that this present act of free pardon, nor any thing therein contained, in any wise extend to discharge, remit, or acquit, any person and persons, for any such issues, fines, or amerciaments, of one hundred shillings or under, as any sheriff heretofore haue accounted, before the Barones of the kings exchequer, or else where,& payed the same Issues, Fines, and amerciaments, vpon his or their said account, determined to the kings use, and hath his or their quietus est for the same. provided alway, and bee it enacted, by the authority of this present parliament, that all and every person and persons, which haue tended or ought to sue livery out of the kings hands, of any manors, lamdes, tenements and hereditaments whatsoever they bee, shall sue his or their livery and liveries, out of the kings hands, of his or their manors, lands, tenements,& hereditaments: any article, act or acts, thing or things, in this present act of general and free pardon, comprised and specified, to the contrary notwithstanding. provided always,& bee it enacted by the authority aforesaid, that it shalbe lawful to all and every clerk, and other officer of any of the kings courts, to award and make writtes of Capias vtlagatum, at the suite of the party plaintiff, to the intent to compel the defendant and defendauntes, to make answer to the plaintiff, at whose suite he was outlawed. And that every person now being outlawed, shal sue a writ of Scire facias against the party or parties, at whose suite he was outlawed before, his pardon in that behalf shalbe allowed to him, that so is outlawed. ❧ God save the king. ❧ ¶ Excusum Londini, in aedibus Richardi Graftoni, Regii Impressoris. ¶ Anno. M.D.xlviii. ¶ Cum privilegio ad imprimendum solum,