THREE EXACT PIECES OF LEONARD PHIORAVANT Knight, and Doctor in PHYSIC, Viz. His RATIONAL SECRETS, and CHIRURGERY, Reviewed and Revived, Together with a Book of Excellent EXPERIMENTS AND SECRETS, Collected out of the Practices of several Expert men in both Faculties.  
Whereunto is Annexed PARACELSUS his One hundred and fourteen EXPERIMENTS: With certain Excellent Works of B. G. à Portu Aquitano. Also Isaac Hollandus his SECRETS concerning his Vegetal and Animal Work. With Quercetanus his Spagyric Antidotary for GUN-SHOT.  
LONDON, Printed by G. Dawson, and are to be sold by William Nealand, at his Shop at the Sign of the Crown in Duck-lane, 16●●.   

To the Reader.  
Courteous Reader,  
I Have carefully, though not curiously, disrobed that worthy Knight, and excellent Doctor in Physic and Chirurgery, Leonard Phioravant out of his Italian Vesture, and put him into our English habit, that such an excellent Piece may not lie cloistered in the Precinct of one Principality, but that our own Nation may participate of the Honey, this Laborious Bee hath brought to his Hive: If all relish not at the first gust, the fault is not in the Work, but their judgements that understand him not, nor the jewels presented unto them. Avicen King of Arabia in the Arabic, Hypocrates and Galen in Greek, and Pliny and Celsus in Latin; besides many English and French, have testified their love to their native Countries, by publishing in their own Languages such rare Treasures as these. Nor fear I detraction from any for these my Labours, unless it be from some runagate Varlets, that carry all their cunning in a Chirurgeons Box in their Pockets, and their learning in a Capcase behind at their backs; who through Ignorance, neither regarding the quantity, nor quality of those excellent Medicines, abuse, and sophisticate them in making them up, but this must be obtruded unto the Men, not the Medicines; for prevention whereof hereafter, that honourable Society of London Physicians have chose out a Chemic Artificer, whom they have placed in their own College, and over whom they have set discreet, and learned overseers to oblige the public for their care to their Medicines hereafter. So wishing you the happy fruition of health is intended you by these labours; I rest,  


J. H.  
W. J.     


The Table of the First Book.  

WHat thing Infirmity is, and whereof it proceedeth 1  
To heal the falling sickness 2  
To help certain gross scabs in the head 3  
To help young children of the R●pture 4  
Of the small Pox that cometh to children ibid.  
To help the Measles 5  
Of Kernels or Scrophule ibid.  
Of divers sorts of scabs 6  
Against Worms in children 7  
Of certain Warts or Carvoli on the Yard. 8  
Of Gonorrhoea Passio ibid.  
Of a Botch caused of the Pox 9  
Of Pellarella Ibid  
Of scabs that come through the Pox 10  
Of certain tumors or swell in divers parts of the body 11  
Of Ache in divers parts of the body ibid.  
Of the Cough in the stomach 12  
Of the white scab in the head 13  
Of Erisipela 14  
Of the Squinancy 15  
Of the Emeroids and Piles 16  
An easy way to help all sorts of Fevers ibid.  
Another cure of the said Fevers 18  
Of the continual Fever 19  
A great Secret against the continual Fever 20  
Of the Fever Tertian ibid.  
Of the Fever of Repression 21  
Of the Fever Hectic 22  
A new Order wherewith thou mayest help most part of the Fever Hectic 23  
Of the Fever Quartane 24  
To help the Quartain of all sorts 25  
A great secret against the Quartain 26  
A secret to help all Fevers in their beginning 27  
A secret of one simple that helpeth all Fevers 28  
Of the Gent ibid.  
A Note concerning the cure of the Gout 29  
Another discourse of the Gout 30  
What order must be had in the said cure 31  
To preserve a man from the Gout 32  
The cure of the Gout with pain in the side ibid.  
A discourse of the Sciatica 33  
Of pains of the Mother 34  
Of pains in the head 35  
Of diseases in the ears 36  
Of the Infirmities in the eyes ibid.  
Of the Toothache 37  
Of a stinking breath 38  
Of spitting blood 39  
Of diseases of the Liver 40  
Of diseases of the Dungs 41  
Of the Spleen 42  
Of the Flux of the body ibid.  
Of costiveness in the body 43  
Of the Flux of Urine ibid.  
A discourse of the retention of Urine 44  
Another discourse of the same 45  
Of the retention through hear ibid.  
Of the retention through dryness 46  
Of the retention through cold ibid.  
Of the retention through moistness 47  
Of the difficulty of Urine Ibid.  
Against burning of the Urine 49  
A discourse upon the carnosity of the yard 50  
Another cure for the same ibid.  
To stay the flux of Urine 51  
To break the stone 52  
Of the gravel in the Reins 54  
Against the Itch ibid.    

The Table of the Second Book.  

WHat Chirurgery is 55  
The order in curing Imposthumes 56  
What Imposthumes are 58  
Of Imposthumes in the groin ibid.  
The second kind of Imposthumes in the groin 59  
The third kind in the groin ibid.  
Of Imposthumes under the arms 60  
Of Imposthumes in the throat ibid.  
Of Imposthumes in the throat caused of melancholy humours 61  
Of Imposthumes in the throat caused of the Pox ibid.  
Imposthumes in the throat of hot humours 62  
Imposthumes in the throat caused of cold 63  
Imposthumes in the throat of hot humours ibid.  
Imposthumes in the eyes 64  
Imposthumes in the ears ibid.  
Imposthumes in the mouth 65  
Imposthumes in the joints ibid.  
Of inward Imposthumes 66  
Of Ulcers and what they are 67  
To help Ulcers of all sorts 68  
Of Ulcers in the feet 69  
Of Ulcers in the legs ibid.  
Of Ulcers in the knees 70  
Of Ulcers in the groin ibid.  
Of Ulcers in the arms 71  
Of Ulcers in the breast, back and belly ibid.  
Of Ulcers outwardly 72  
Of Ulcers in the head ibid.  
Of Ulcers in the mouth 73  
Of Wounds, and their kinds ibid.  
What Medicines are fittest for wounds 74  
Of wounds in the head with offence of the brain 76  
Of wounds in the head with fracture of the bone 77  
Of wounds in the head where the bone is not offended 78  
Of Contusions or bruises in all places ibid.  
Of wounds in the neck 79  
Of wounds in the arms 80  
Of wounds in the breast ibid.  
Of wounds in the belly 81  
Of wounds in the legs 83  
Of wounds that pierce into the body 84  
A discourse upon old wounds 85  
To heal wounds of Gun-shot ibid.  
To heal a wound quickly ibid.  
To help a wound quickly that is in danger 86  
To stay the flux of blood in wounds ib.  
Another for the same 87  
A defensive for wounds ibid.  
Our secret powder for wounds ibid.    

The Table of the third Book.  

TO make our Petra Philosophale 88  
To make our Balm 90  
To make our Aromatico 92  
To make our Electuario Angelica 93  
Our Sirrupo Sclutivo 94  
Our Syrup Magistral 95  
Our Syrup against the Melancholy humour 96  
Our Potion of Lignum Sanctum ibid.  
To make the water of Lignum Sanctum 98  
An Electuary against the Cough 100  
Our Magistral Electuary of Sulphur ibid.  
Our Electuary of Consolida majore 101  
Unguentum magnum 102  
Oil of Hypericon 103  
Our Oleum Philosophorum of Turpentine and Wax 104  
Our Magno Liquore 105  
Pillole Aquilone 106  
Our Quinta essentia solutiva ibid.  
Pillole Magistrale 108  
Aqua real that maketh the teeth white 109  
Of the secrets of Frankincense ibid.  
To make oil of Honey 110  
Our great Cerot 111  
A Magistral Unguent that helpeth in manner all sores 112  
A Magistral Cerot against the white Scall ibid.  
A divine Cerot against divers infirmities 113  
A miraculous plaster for Flegmon or Erisipella 114  
A resolutive plaster of great virtue 115  
A maturative plaster of great virtue ibid.  
A composition against Ulcers and sores 116  
A strange composition of great virtue ibid.  
An Unguent of great virtue against Ulcers ibid.  
A Discourse upon sundry sorts of Unguents 117  
Medicines appropriate against all poisons 119  
A water that preserveth the face and teeth fair 120  
To take away spots out of the face 121  
To cause hair to grow ibid.  
To make our Syrup of Bays 122  
To make a Syrup of Cinnamon and Ginger 123  
Our Syrup of a Capon 124  
A magistral Syrup of Quinces, the which is restorative 125  
A Magistral Syrup of Lignum Sanctum 126  
A Syrup of Juniper berries 127  
A Syrup of the Bran of wheat ibid.  
A Syrup of Salsa Per●lia 128  
To make a potion of China 129  
A potion of Alchachengie 130  
A pectoral Potion of our invention ib.  
To make a Potion of Camedrios and Iva Artetica, which dissolveth all Fevers that come of cold 131  
A potion that helpeth against all infirmitios 132  
An Infusion of Wine that is good against the Gout 133  
Another artificial wine against the stitch in the side and gravel 134  
To make a Quintessence of great ●●rtue 135  
To make Diatartaro the which is soluble 136  
A composition of great value to comfort the stomach 137  
A stomachall plaster to cause digestion ibid.  
A rare secret for the eyes 138  
A liquor that comforteth the smelling, and preserveth the head ibid.  
A decoction of the Vine 139  
A composition of Mercury the Herb 140  
A Medicine of Lapaciole minore, against the Catarrh 141  
Of Pollipodie and his virtues 142  
Of the Olive, and his virtues 143  
Of Ciperus and his virtues ibid.  
Of Rue or Hearb-grace, and his virtues 144  
Of Wormwood, and his virtues 145  
Of Gratia Dei, and his virtues ibid.  
Of walwort, and his virtues 146  
Of Millefollie or Yarrow and his virtues 147  
Of Gentian and his virtues 148  
Of Imperatoria, and his virtues 149  
Of Carduus sanctus, and his virtues ibid.  
Of sweet Majoram, and his virtues 150  
Of the herb Lutiola, and his virtues 151  
Of Hypericon, and his virtues ibid.  
Of Nettles, and his virtues 152  
Of Hyssop of the Mountain ibid.  
A great secret of a kind of betony 153  
Of the Effects of Wine, and what cometh thereof 154  
Of Vinegar, and his qualities 156  
Of the Faces of wine, and his secrets 157  
Of Verjuice made of Grapes ibid.  
Certain secrets of Animals, and first of the Ox ibid.  
Of the Goat, and his virtues 158  
Of the Horse, and his virtues 159  
Of the Dog, and his virtues 160  
Of the Cat, and his secrets ibid.  
Of the Hare, and his secrets ibid.  
Of the Frog, and his secrets 161  
A discourse upon certain stones, and their qualities, both in Physic and Chirurgery, and first of the marble ibid.  
Of the stone Lapis Ematites 162  
Of the Stone of Iron called L●ppa 163  
Of Lapis Judaicus ibid.  
Of Lapis Lazuli 164  
Of the Flintstone 165  
Of Alumen scaleola or Gesso ibid.  
Of Lapis Amiantis 166  
Of the Saphire 167  
Of Read Corals ibid.  
Of the stone Salt 168  
The ve●es● certain Minerals and mean Minerals, and first of Vitriol 169  
Strange secrets of Roth Alum 170  
Of Orpimert and his nature ibid.  
Of Cinaber Mineral 171  
Of the secrets of Salt, and his virtue ibid.  
Of common Salt, and his virtues 172  
Certain secrets of Saltpetre ibid.  
Certain secrets of Alum du Fez 173  
Of Gold ibid.  
Of Silver 174  
Of Lead ibid.  
Of the secrets of Copper 175  
Of Tin 176  
Of Iron ibid.  
Of the secrets of Mercury 177    
FINIS.   

Short Amimadversions upon the Book lately Published by one who styles himself NOAH BIGGS, Helmontii Psittacum.  
Friend,  
YOu set a big Sail to a little Vessel: I believe your Ark doth not like Noah's, contain all the vitality of Rationals, and Sensibles.  
You writ Pag. 205. concerning Mastication. Seeing all Aliment aught to pass into a liquid Reduction, or tendance to Chilificative mutation, or alimental conversion, therefore Mastification is to be highly commended.  
You have like the great Fish, that swallowed jonah, received in Van Helmont, though not digested him; and the same tax may pass on you, which sometimes did on a Noble Courtier, devorasti, non edisti. It was the judgement of Doctor Charlton, a Learned Physician, a favourer of Van Helmont, that he had a better Faculty, Evertere opiniones Veterum, quam extruere, & stabilire Novas.  
When was ever Practice amongst the Physicians so narrowly confined, as they kept themselves to one Author? Do not some of them follow Minfect, others Hartman, others Grulingius, others will have their prescriptions made after Quercetan, Faber, or Poterius, some after Begvinus, Millius, Billich, Burgravius, Becherus, or other Authors; And some disgust all, which are not Paracelsian, or accord with Basilius, Valentinus his Master, and are pleased to practise after their Medicines, with the additions of their own Experiments, out of their reading, and judgement on their several Authors. I would gladly know who ties himself to Sennertus, Riverius, or any one Modern Author, as if universal Learning were contained in the sphere of one Microcosm: Yet you are so much for Helmont, as if he were the great Luminary of the World. I confess, I honour Van Helmont, but if you do no cures out of the tract of his Method, I believe you must study more knowledge in his Medicines than barely how to Translate them, or otherwise you will fail in the honour you aspire unto, and from teaching others, come yourself to learn from those you unworthily vilify.  
You say Pag. 12. The Schools are ignorant of the Quiddities, and Dihoties of things, do you yourself understand either your own, or the essence of the lowest inferior Animals? Pag. 15. Why did you not by the golden Trident of Chemical Theorems, whom as a Lady of Honour you have courted, devoutly kissed, and profess your strict observance to, becalm this Sea of distraction? And as you say, Pag. 16. writ in that, in which there is no beaten path, which you think most honourable, because he that leads hath this advantage above others, if others follow him, he hath the glory of the first undertaking, if not the excuse of prejudice: But had not Van Helmont traced out this Path to you, I could think you would have acquiesced to the ancient opinions, and not have aspired to be reckoned amongst the public Benefactors of Civil and Human life.  
Pag. 35. You have a jerk at Bartholomeus Carichterus, but I believe your own learning and judgement will hardly bring you to be a Physician to so great an Emperor as Maximilian the Second. For your threefold Character you give of a good Purge, Pag. 80. I hardly believe your Patients will be so happy as to meet with such from you. The London Dispensatory hath variety of medicines, some following one Author, and some another, for which purpose it was so enlarged, as thought necessary in respect of the several variety of judgement, and practices of our Modern Physicians.  
You say, Pag. 11. reading is no way conducible to knowing: If you had never read Van Helmont, you had never written in this stile. You say, Pag. 11. The disease known is not the half way to the cure, but if you know not the disease, I conceive you would hardly, or blindly come to the cure of them. You writ, Pag. 15. The Physicians like to the selfconceited Laodiceans, while they presume they keep the keys of the Science, they neither enter themselves into the Closet, and inner Parlour of Nature, nor admit, willingly, others that would. But observe your own incircumspection and levity: For had you perused their Pharmacopoea, published 1650. A Capite ad Calcem, you could not have committed so gross an error, (nor did their former want prescriptions of Chemic medicines) but if you please to cast your eye on it, from Pag. 187. ad finem Libri, you may see many good Chemic preparations, besides the multitude of other prescriptions, which are left to the judgement and choice of Ingenious Practitioners, to fetch out of other Chemic Authors.  
And had you but cast your eye on their careful expression, in fine Pharmacopoeae, you would have been silent, or written more temperately, which I must expose to your knowledge in their own words.  
Ne nos (Amice Lector) in hac operis suscepti meta, simulque cum calamo nostro curam deposuisse tui videamur, certior ut fias, cupimus, nos etiam saluti tuae, publicaeque utilitati, nihilo segnius invigilare, adeoque officinam Chymicam, seorsum in horto Collegii erigendam cuirass, artificemque Idoneum accersivisse, eidemque instruendo & corrigendo Collegarum peritissimos destinasse, ut medicamenta, quanto efficaciora, tanto cautius, quanto difficilliora, tanto diligentius, quanto pretiosiora, tanto sincerius componerentur. Denique eidem suffragia nostra, locumque ac lucrum omne gratis dedisse, & concessisse, ut ad tam singularem benevolentiam promerendam pari honestate impelleretur. Tu Quisquis es, nobiscum fruere, vove & vale. Now judge of the condition you stand in with knowing men.  
Hath not Rome, France, Augusta, Collen, Amsterdam, and other Nations their several Pharmacopaeas'? Must all be drowned, if Noah, your petty Ark hold them not up. Pag. 107, and 108. Concerning Glisters, that they never reach to the Ileon, or have any nourishing quality.  
Bartholinus in his Physical exercitations, hath a tract against that opinion; where, by his authorities, experiments, and reasons, you might be somewhat staggered, if you do not jurare in verba Magistri: against whom Doctor Heers, in his tractate de Fontibus spadanis, casteth forth bitterrer language than I will throw upon you; yet I desire you to remember what Doctor Metcalfe of Cambridge not long since said, on the censures of some nimble-tounged Scholars on the grave Academians: You young men think us old men fools, but we old men know you are so. And be not offended that I advice you, that would be held Magistrum in Artibus, to study also to be Magistrum in Moribus. But I will conclude with these two Grammar verses, 
Add quod ingenuas dedicisse fideliter Artes  
Emollit mores, nec sinit esse 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉.  And must tell you, for your rash extravagant censures, you are worthy to be transmitted back to the College Censors, or Deans.  
W. I   

FRIEND CULPEPR,  
I Had thought the sober animadversions were given you lately upon the publishing of the translation of Papius, would have reform your insolent Language you formerly used against your bettters; but I see Quo semel est imbuta recens servabit odorem Testa diu. The Vessel cannot put of the first foetid smell it received, for in your disponsatory Epistle, and in these of your Midwifery with a great deal of railing, and nonsense, as if it were Cuckow-moneth with you, you chatter still in one note, against Priests, and Physicians, and cry out, We are Prisoners, and kept in darkness, and who are our Jailers but Scholars: Out of which by your self-conceited omniscience you undertake to deliver them, from the unsufferable ignorance men and women are now trained up in, and teach them a desperate unwarrantable practice. And this is done, you say, to uphold a Company of Lazy Doctors, most of whose covetousness outweighes thei● wits, as a Millstone outweighes a feather, etc. I cannot but smile at your nonsense similitudes; but I shall accounted you an exact Mathematician, if you can tell me how many feathers would counterpoise a millstone, but that task would make your brain as light as your tongue. I always conceived men were bred up in callings, to enable them in future to preserve themselves and their Families, and in their professions to be serviceable to the Commonwealth, and might lawfully live by them. I pray, why do you translate but to live by it not agere stultum, & Zoilum? I wonder whether gain ●ut you not at first (when other Trades failed you) to writ, or rather translate Physic in your mother tongue: and it seemeth you rather know how to translate Latin, than transfer it into a Sentence, as you do legere, & non intelegere, neglegere est. But I will admit the excuse, 'tis the Compositors oversight. You say, If any want wisdom, let him ask it of God, not of the College of Physicians; and yet you undertake to teach them; for you say, You intent to lay down some Rules, whereby a man may as well prevent a sickness before it comes, as remedy it when it comes, and that you will writ of the preservation of man, even from his conception to his grave: a great undertaking, and I believe too high Mr. Culpeper for your reading, and will scarce be gained out of your translating some fragments of Galens, and some pieces of modern Anatomy. You say, Physicians of our times keep our understanding in as great bondage as Pharaoh kept the Hebrew Midwives bodies, I pray did the other Physicians before them walk in your tract? but why transcend you the text with your foolish additions? what bondage do you read of either the Egyptian Midwives, or women suffered under Pharaoh themselves, though the males were overcharged with rigour. You confess God hath given you some little sparks of Knowledge, and you will not wrap up your talon in a napkin and bury it in the ground: Truly I think you need not hid any you have; and for that of railing you will not. You desire others to judge charitably of you, for Charity and Honesty you say always walk hand in hand together, and think ill of no man: If your own rule be your judge, you are neither Charitable nor Honest: you say in your Epistle to the Reader, The water may be muddy in the stream, which is clear in the Fountain, but yours is clear in neither: You say, The Translators have given us a Translation of the Bible (such a one as it is) but have given all the proper names in Scripture in pure Hebrew words in an English Character, and yet all the Scripture was written for our instruction: Had you been as well versed in the Translations, as you are in rash Censures, you might have found the Hebrew words exactly interpreted, adjoined to many translations: not conceived so necessary to be joined to all; because whosoever understood the language well (as God be praised many of our Nation do) they needed not that key to open it to them: Besides you say, whole Sentences in Scripture are so translated, that it would make a man sick to see them, I believe you mean read them; but why quoate you not the places, as you did before, the fourth or fifth first Chapters of the Book of Chronicles. If you had said some sentences of Scripture are omitted, or perverted, you might justly have taxed the lazy ignorant Printers, both here and beyond the Seas, in these times, that have not had so much care of their Presses in putting forth those sacred Books, as your Printer hath had of yours. You say, The first virtue a Child aims at so soon as it is born is knowledge. I would gladly learn what Virtue is native; I conceive them dative, and that scientia is rather acquisita, than nata, if it be true nemo nascitur artifex; or the Platonic opinion hold, man is Tabala rasa, capable of impressions, but hath none written in it. The desire to be as Gods was the cause of our Parents first fall, knowledge of good and evil, but the knowledge of Good comes only from God, the Fountain of goodness, in whose stream you must be dipped, before you desert your pride, and self-love, and put on humility. You say, Had not the Priests formerly absconded the mysteries of Truth from us, Sermons would have been so cheap that they would have been cried about streets for three halfpennies a dozen; You might have done well to have expressed yourself, whether you meant our Priests, or the Roman, for I dare justify a few of the Sermons of our late reverend Divines, as Andrew's, Hierons, Holsworth, Adams, and many others which I could name, are of far greater worth and esteem, than your dispensatory, unless with some ignorants and women: Though you under value Sermons at a less rate than sparrows, when your learned labours are prized at five or six shillings a piece. For Gardiner, I think every good Christian abhorreth his name and life; and I know no man desires to die his death. Giant proportions have often Pigmy conceits, but our gentleman's fancy fare outstrips Bayards leap, who brings Diana's I mage from Ephesus to jump to England at one leap, where silver shrines must be made for her still. It is a Riddle to my understanding, where the Image and Shrines are; and I should be glad to see you clear that passage, of the Image fell down from Jupiter, and that of the silver shrines from impertinent nonsense, and show how you can make them correspond with our Physicians. 'tis true you put an effigies Image, or sculpture before every book you writ; I conceive you mean not your own, I confess I have that in your Book at Amen Corner, but for your Silver smith and shrines you writ of, I hardly believe you will have one, unless the Midwives you flatter so, make you one. For Amen Corner, I persuade myself, 'tis a formidable place to you, for fear of dissection, for you never durst hitherto venture your approbation there before the Doctors for your sufficiency in your trade you were bound to, and somewhile brought up in: And for your judgement in Physic, I know you dare not come thither to the test, though you rail against them. Pray let me not trouble your weak brains with a relation of a Gentleman and Scholars, censure upon your Book, who perusing some passages in it in a Booksellers shop, asked whether Culpeper made that obscene book or not, and being answered he did, replied, truly Culpeper hath made Cul-paper, paper fit to wipe one's breech withal. Where you writ, You could have written deeper notions in Physic than shall be found in this book: I must tell you, you would seem to be a Physician, who have scarce aspired to the Apothecary. But the College hath wrapped up their Children in blankets of ignorance, have they not shut them up in a Chamber, as 'tis related your Patron sometines did you: you say, man may meddle with generals, but before he meddle with particulars, let him look to himself: But you have Lynceus eyes in others affairs, sed non vides manticae quod in tergo est. He is a saucy insolent Soldier speaks irreverently against the Gerall under whose Colours he marcheth, you profess yourself student in Physic, but want some Physic yourself to purge away the Malignant humour possesseth you against the honourable Society of the College of Physicians: A little Hellebor would do well to purge your brains with, if you could but jump over as easily to Italy or Greece, where it grows, as Diana's Image did hither. Were you asleep or awake when you saw it jump so far, otherwise I shall think it like one of the stories in the Mirror of Knighthood. Every bird thinks his own young one fairest suum cuique pulchrum, you acknowledge the direction for Midwives to be your own child but whether you are more properly a borrower or translator, than Father, Judicent Medici. 'tis a slovenly Bird bewres as his own rest, and though you seem to adhere to Hypocrates you shall never be counted Harpocrates for he was borne with one hand on his mouth, and the other on his members, but you will close yours upon neither. But I will conclude with our Mercury with a story of Mercury out of our Latin Emblems. Mercury having a good conceit of himself (as our Mercury hath) desirous to know what opinions mortals conceived of him, would needs descend, and fixed on a Statuaries shop, where lighting and coming in, he spies many Images of the Gods and Goddesses, and inquires the price of them, but not seeing his own, inquires whether he had the Statue of Mercury or not, he replied he had, and fetched him forth of a buy corner he had in his shop, of whom Mercury demanded what price he would ask for it, the Statuary replied, Sir, If you mean in good earnest to buy the other Statues you Cheapened, you shall have him into the bargain, whereupon Mercury went away discontented, I leave the Moral to your own application: and yourself also; wishing you more government in your tongue, and discression in your pen, hereafter, concluding with that saying, His tongue is no slander, whose tongue is all slander,  
From Amen Corner, Your well-willer, and a wellwisher to the Substances not shadows of Physic. W. J.   

The Epistle to the Reader.  
COURTEOUS READER,  
THere having come to my hands three several Books; Phioravants Secrets, and also his Chirurgery, to which is added The jewel of Practice: Published a good while since by JOHN HESTER, a Spagyric Professor, in his time of eminent note: And knowing the Books very scarce, and out of Print, much desired by Ingenuous Practitioners in Physic, I have for the Public good communicated those three several Books to my Friend: assuring myself out of my knowledge of the Books, that there are in them contained many Chymica arcana, which will be much advantageous to Spagyric Students, with the more confidence, because whosoever desireth to have, and make use of the choicest Secrets delivered in them, may have them faithfully made up, and dispensed in Amen-Corner, by W. I Chemist to that honourable Society, and College of London Physicians, who hath heretofore made up the choicest of them, for sundry Physicians, who have earnestly desired them, and with good success used them: And I doubt not, but they will receive as good satisfaction in their compositions, as that worthy Spagyric, (that from an Italian Coat, put them into an English Vesture) formerly gave them: Desiring you for your fuller approbation, to peruse his Epistle prefixed before his translation, which I presume, will give you that content is desired from your Friend,  


W. I  
M. B.     

A SHORT DISCOURSE OF THE SECRETS OF THE Most Famous Knight and Excellent Physician and Chirurgeon, Lord PHIORAVANTE.  

CHAP. I What thing infirmity is, and whereof it proceedeth.  
Sickness or Infirmity is no other thing than a distemperature of humours in the bodies of creatures, as well reasonable as unreasonable, which are subject to sickness and to death. And these do not proceed of any other thing, than of the divers and sundry disorders committed many ways, which disorders every man might very well defend himself from, if he would. And these disorders which are thus committed are very many, whereof I will name you a few, and will tell you also of the infirmities which follow them.  
There are many which disorder themselves in their eating, and in the variety and superfluity of meats, and so corrupt themselves; and of such corruption engendereth ill disposition of the stomach, and loss of appetite, and thence cometh the Itch, and diseases of the legs, and other like matters, which commonly proceed of much repletion. Others disorder themselves in the excess of Lechery, of which disorder cometh debility of the Reinss, want of the sight, weakness of the brains, and oftentimes diseases about the Yard, and other kind of infirmities hanging upon the French sickness. Some disorder themselves in fishing, standing much in the water; and of this access cometh coldness of the Nerves, pains of the legs and feet, and such other things which such access causeth. Other some disorder themselves in hunting, in such sort, as they take heat, cold, weariness, hunger and thirst; of which disorder there followeth Agues, Oppilations, Rheums, Numbness, and such like things; which, with such disorder and great travel, commonly are want to be caused. And in divers other manners men may disorder themselves, which at this time I will omit, because I will not be over-tedious to the Reader. It sufficeth, so that I show the substance of the thing, and to do it, that every one may understand it. If than the causes are infinite, by which infirmities or sickness come, and the remedies a great many more than enough to cure them: I mean therefore to set down in the Chapters following the infirmities, together with the remedies, with the which they may be healed, beginning with the infirmities which men have from their birth unto their death, discoursing of them one after an other. And first I will speak of Infants and children, which hap into the falling sickness assoon as they are born.   

CHAP. II. To help the falling sickness in young Children.  
THe Falling Sickness is a disease, the which in young Children is caused of great humidity in the head, and the cure thereof according to our Order, is with drying things which dissolveth that humidity, and the Remedy is this: Take our Cerot Magistrale, and spread it on a cloth the breadth of two fingers square, and strew thereon the powder of Cantharideses: the which of his own quality and nature is attractive, and bringeth forth great quantity of water: than lay this Cerot in the nuke of the neck, and there let it lie at the lest eight or ten days, taking it of every day, and making it clean, than lay it on that place again. Likewise you shall anoint the head with Oleum Petroleum, the which is very drying and penetrative; because it cometh forth of a Mine under the earth, the which continually doth boil, and so cometh forth with the water, and than is separated. This Oil hath a marvellous virtue in himself, that it defendeth the fire, for if a man anoint his hands therewith, he may wash his hands with molten Lead presently, and never hurt him: and that cometh through a certain bidden virtue in that Oil. Also you shall understand, that this Oil will burn being set on fire, and yet it will not hurt or scald any thing which it falleth on, or toucheth it.   

CHAP. III. To help young Children of certain gross Scabs, that come in the head and face.  
THese gross scabs that come in the head and face, are caused of abundance of fatness, and moisture of the milk of the Nurse; for the child being tender and weak of complexion, is not apt to digest that superfluous humour, and so Nature driveth it forth in that order, with great abundance of humidity, And the best remedy is, That you shall give the child every morning one scruple to drink, of our Elixir vitae, because it is a friend to Nature, and nourisheth the body, and drieth up superfluous moisture, and so the child shall be helped. Also you shall anoint the child with our Magno liquore, the which is temperate of nature, and doth penetrate, and so causeth solution of that humour.   

CHAP. iv To help young Children of the Rupture.  
THe Rupture is caused two ways, the one through weakness of the place, and the other through much crying, and the remedy is thus: You shall make a Truss fit for the child that shall come very close, and than let them use our Electuary of Consolida majore, the which is written in my discourse of chirurgery, with divers of my Medicines: And also you shall give the child to drink the powder of Alkimilla in wine; and every night you shall anoint the Rupture with our Oleum Philosophorum, made of Turpentine and Wax: the which is so piercing, that it warmeth the place that is broke, and helpeth it to siccatrize. And so using these three Medicines, thou shalt help him quickly, for this have I proved an infinite of times, and always have had good success, thanks be to God.   

CHAP. V Of the small Pox that come to Children.  
THe Small Pox are caused of superfluous choler and phlegm, the which is mixed with the blood, and so continuing a certain time it doth increase so much, that Nature cannot bear it, and so driveth it forth with a great accident of a Fever, the which commonly doth continued four or five days together, and than cometh forth certain wheals or bladders full of corruption, which within three days will break and run forth, and many dry. You shall understand that there are some so weak of Nature that they cannot come forth, but remain within, and so having no evaporation outwardly, it doth choke them, and so die, and that is the cause why so many creatures from four years old to ten do die without help. And therefore I considering the true cause of the disease, I have also found out the true remedy to help them, and that is this. When the child feeleth that Accident, give him presently one drachm of our Aromatico to eat: The which hath such force and virtue attractive, that it joining unto the stomach draweth unto it all the humours that offend, and carrieth them forth both by vomit and siege, and so leaveth Nature eased, and the party out of danger. Than after that anoint him four evenings with our Balsamo artificiato, and lay him down to sweated, and so he shall be well.   

CHAP. VI Of the Fersa or Measles that come to young Children.  
THe Measles that cometh to Children, commonly cometh after the small pox one year or two, or three, and is caused of the aforesaid cause; and there is no other difference between them, but that the person is of more age and strength, and both come with an accident of a Fever, but in this cause they come forth thicker, and they dry without breaking or running. Nevertheless, this many times causeth death, if it be not helped quickly, and with the remedies appropriate. You shall understand that this doth not come with so great vehemency as the other doth. You shall only defend the heart and preserve the stomach from corruption, and putrefaction, and so you shall help them quickly. The Remedies are these: You shall give them four or five mornings this drink: Take Julep of Violets, ℥ two. Rosewater, ℥ iiii. Oil of Vitriol four grains, mix them and drink it cold: for this is a rare Medicine.   

CHAP. VII. Of Waxing Kernels, which are called of some Scrophulae.  
THese Kernels that commonly come in the throat of young Children, are caused of superfluous melancholy humours corrupted, and are a kind of Ulcer, very hard to be helped, and evil to have, for when they are broke they 'cause excessive pain, because thereunto runneth great abundance of humours, and are so hot and corrupt, that it is impossible to help them with outward Medicines only, because they proceed of an inward cause. Therefore if thou wilt help them, first remove the Cause, and than cure the Effect.  
First therefore thou shalt give them our Syrup against Melancholic humours, written in our discourse of chirurgery, and than give him a Dose of our Aromatico fasting, and that will evacuate the stomach of choler and phlegm, and dry up those humours that run to the sores. The Medicines that you shall use to the sore, are two: The first is our Costick, which being laid on the sore, doth mortify it in four and twenty hours, and taketh away the corruption. Note, that you may not take away the Askar, until such time as it falleth out of himself, than lay thereon the black Cerot of Godfredo de Medic. the which Cerot is written also in Galen. And in short space it will be holp, as I have proved divers times.   

CHAP. VIII. Of divers sorts of Scabs, and their Remedies.  
SCabs proceed of divers and sundry causes; Nevertheless, they all are caused of putrefied blood, as you may see by daily experience. But the said putrefaction may be caused of divers accidents, as by eating much moist and fat meat. It may be caused of a corrupt humour of the French Pox, and of divers other causes, which I will leave at this time. Therefore if thou wilt help any of the aforesaid causes, it would be necessary to use Purgations, and Unctions. The Purgations are two, and the Unctions also two. The first Purgation is half an ounce of our Electuario Angelico, which take in the morning fasting thereon at the lest four hours: than take for ten days together our Soluble Syrup; the dose is from ℥. iiii. to ℥. vi. And than if the Scabs come of the Pox, you shall anoint them five or six nights with our Vnguento magno, and they shall be helped. But if the scabs come of any other cause, you shall anoint them with Vnguento de Lithargiro simple, after they are well purged. The Unguent is made with Vinegar, with the Oil of Roses, and with Litarge.   

CHAP. IX. Against Worms in Children.  
THis is a rare secret against the Worms, the which I have used a long time, and always have had good success. Take the seed of Levant, the which is sweet, and is called in Italian Sementina, and the seeds of Carduus Benedictus, and of a certain Herb growing on the Sea, called Corolina, ana: stamp it very fine, and give thereof one drachm in honey, and it will kill the Worms, also thou shalt understand that I have a great secret against the Worms, the which I will show thee; for it may be used more safer than any of these Herbs above named: You shall anoint all the body over (leaving no part) with our Balm Artificial, and give the Patient thereof to drink ʒ. i. with Wine or Broth. Thou shalt understand, though the child have no Worms, yet the Medicine will do him great good, because it helpeth against all manner of diseases that may hap unto children, and also to other persons.   

CHAP. X. Of certain Warts or Carvoli, that come on the Yard of a man.  
When Children have passed the foresaid diseases, and that they come to the age of fourteen years, or fifteen, or more, and that they begin to fall among women, many times by some accidents, they get these Carvoli, or Warts on the Yard. And they are of divers kinds, for some come on the very skin, and some come on the flesh or end of the Yard. Some are as though they were burnt or scorched, and other like Ulcers, and other like Warts. Those that come as though they were scorched are of small importance, and may be easily helped, for if you touch them once or twice with our Aqua real, they will be whole. Those which are Ulcerated are evil to heal, yet you shall use no strong Medicines thereto, but only dress them with our Magno liquore, and in short time they will be whole. Those that are like Warts are very evil to be helped, for you must mortify them with our Costick, one after another. But if they be not mortified at once, touch them again, and again, if need require; and when they are mortified, help them only with our Magno liquore, until they be whole: And with this Order I have cured a number.   

CHAP. XI. Of the Running of the Reinss.  
THe running of the Reinss most commonly cometh of the much use of women, or because those women are corrupted with a certain distemperature of heat, that is able to corrupt a man using with her. And of this running there may grow divers diseases, as you may see by those that are troubled therewith, if they be not helped as they aught to be. One of the diseases that may come of this, is great pains in the back, because it doth weaken the virtue of the Reinss. There may come also a great burning in the Yard, and botches in the Groin, and such like, all which are hard to be dissolved. The cure of this disease is, You shall take three times our Pills called Pill●● Aquilonae, every third day once, that being done, he shall use this Electuary seven or eight days together.  
Take a certain shell which is smooth, and is called of some Calcinelli, and of some T●●inole, and of some Telline; Take them and burn them, make it into fine powder, and take thereof ℥ i the buds of Cankers or wild Eglantine that the Rose cometh of, it is called in Italian Rose canine, ℥. di. Hyssop of the Mountain ʒ. two. white honey crude ℥. vi. Make thereof an Electuary without fire. The dose is, ℥. i, in the morning fasting, and at night before meat. Note, that when you use this Medicine, you shall eat no Pork, nor Fish, nor slimy things.   

CHAP. XII. Of a Botch which is caused of a corrupt humour, which is a kind of Pox.  
I Would here show the cause more plainer, but that there are divers which have showed it plain enough: but I will show thee the true secret and remedy to help them. First, Thou shalt give them ten mornings together our Soluble Syrup, and than take our Aromatico three times, that being done, and that the botch is open, you shall dress it with our Magno liquore upon a tent, and lay upon the sore our Magistrale Cerotte, and with these two medicines thou shalt help it from the beginning to the ending, as I have seen the experience divers times.   

CHAP. XIII. Of Pellarella that causeth the hair to fall of.  
PEllarella, or Morphewe, is a kind of Pox, and is one of the first Presagia of that disease, and is a corrupt humour, and so drying, that in short time it mortifieth the hair of the head and beard, and eyebrows, and causeth them to fall of. You shall understand that this disease is such a thing, that it cannot be helped by any means, except it be taken in time, before the hair be mortified. Nevertheless I will show a secret unto the World, to know when a man hath that disease or not, and in what time he may help it that they shall not fall. The secret is this, Thou shalt understand, that the beginning of Pellarella, is one Carvoli or more that cometh upon the Yard, the which seemeth to be of little importance, because they are helped with ease, but within ten, or fifteen days after they are whole, there will come a certain alteration in the throat, which will not suffer him to swallow his meat, which doth endure commonly eight or ten days, and so go away by itself without any medicine, and in that time the hair is mortified, and than within two or three months the hair will fall: so that this is the cause why they cannot be helped when they fall away, for the time was passed before, and the roots mortified. Therefore if thou wilt keep thyself from running into such a great danger, thou mayest do it easily if thou take it in time: and the remedy is this. When you have had any of these Carvoli, and that after there cometh an alteration in the throat, than presently purge, and use a defensive unction that the hair may not mortify. You shall purge him nine days every morning with our Sirupo Magistrale, and fast thereon four hours. The dose is from ℥ iii to ℥ vi. that being done, you shall give him ℥. di. of Electuario Angelica, according to the receipt, and in the mean time anoint all his face and head with our Magno liquore, and doing thus, it is not possible that the hair should fall of. This is a secret, the which few men have known, and never written of any before this time, and is of so great importance, that it were necessary to be known for an universal health, that every man might keep himself from this disease.   

CHAP. XIIII. Of Scabs that come through the Pox.  
THe Scabs that come through the Pox, are of divers sorts; as you may see by experience: yet all may be helped with one order of medicine, because they proceed of no other thing than of the evil disposition of that disease. And these most commonly do proceed and come after Pellarella, and this is the cure. You shall give him our Soluble Syrup every morning warm, with two ounces of Mel Rosarum, and lay him down to sweated, and cover him well, and than at night anoint him with Vnguento di Lithargiro, and thus doing five, or six days, he shall be helped. For with this order I have helped an infinite number, to my great honour, and satisfaction of the Patient.   

CHAP. XV. Of certain tumors, or swell in divers parts of the body.  
Swell, which use to come to man, are called tumors against nature, and may come of divers causes, as by cold, and they do cause inflammations without pain, and most commonly they come in the articular parts: There are others which are caused of hot humours, and those are called Risepelli: There are other that come of the Pox, and these come in the head, and on the legs and arms, and are of evil digestion, because they are engendered of corrupt, viscous, and crude humours. You shall understand that these three kinds do differ in quality, and are also helped with sundry medicines. Those that come of cold, are windy humours, and may be helped with baths of herbs, and hot unctions that have virtue to dissolve the wind. The herbs to make the bath, are these: Nettles, Mallows, Pelletory of the wall, Bran and Ashes, and make thereof a bath; and than anoint them with our Oleum Philosophorum, made of Turpentine and Wax. Those that come of hot humours, you shall wash with Aqua Vitae, because it openeth the pores, and dissolveth that heat. Those that are come of the Pox, are evil to heal, and his cure must be with great purging: and the chiefest thing that you can give him, is our potion of Lignum Vitae, because it doth make thin those gross humours, and dissolve the swell, if it be taken according to the order of the receipt, the which is written in this Book. And so with this order thou shalt help them perfectly.   

CHAP. XVI. Of Ache in divers parts of the body.  
AChes, that come to divers parts of the Bodies, do spring of divers causes, as it is said before of the Swell, or tumors: but for the most part now in this our time, they are caused of the Pox, and those kinds of Aches are evil to be helped, because they are engendered of viscous humours, and putrefaction of the blood, and of evil disposition of the Liver. And the cure of those Aches, is to purge the body, and purify the Liver: and that thou shalt do with our Soluble Syrup, taking it ten days: and than take our Electuario Angelica, or Pillole Aquilone, and than use your wine of Lignum sanctum, and sweated therewith as much as thou canst, for it is warm and dry, and apperative, and provoketh sweat, and so they shall be helped. But if it hap that this will not help, than anoint them three or four times with our Vnguento magno, and without all doubt by God's grace, they shall be helped and sound of that disease.   

CHAP. XVII. Of the Cough in the stomock.  
THe Cough cometh divers and sundry ways to the stomach, as by cold, and that is one of the most common causes that may be, and is of small importance, because it will go away of itself without medicine. There is another kind of Cough that troubleth much old folk, and that is of a Catarrhous humour. The third kind of Cough written of by us, is that which cometh to those that have the Fever Hectic. Also there is another kind which is caused of the French Pox. And these are the four kinds of Coughs that do commonly hap unto men and women. The first kind of Cough that happeneth unto man through cold, is easy to be helped, for nature of itself will help it without any other help: but if thou wilt help nature thou mayest with ease, and that shall be with eating dry and apperative meats, and drinking good wine, and so the Cough will go away quickly. But the Cough which cometh to old folk, is caused of a Catarrhous humour, which is nothing else but debility of nature, for lack of natural heat, the which causeth the stomach that it cannot digest his meat in such order as it should, but engendereth those superfluous humours, that cause the Cough. And this must be helped with keeping of diet; that is, to eat little meat, and to use thing that warm the stomach and help digestion, and this thou shalt do in this order. Take ʒ. two. of our Aromatico, which hath virtue to evacuate the stomach, and than use our Quintessence of Wine, and anoint the stomach with our Balm artificial, and so shalt thou help this kind of Cough. The third kind of Cough, which is caused of the Fever Hectic, is of evil nature, that I dare say nothing nor show a Medicine, because the most part that are troubled therewith, go to Church and never return again to their houses, as you may see by experience. The fourth kind of Cough is devilish and evil to help, because it is caused of the Pox, and doth not only hurt the stomach, but causeth great pains to the party beside. Nevertheless, thou shalt understand that this is easy to he helped by God's grace, for them that know the true secret, which is thus: You shall give him eight or ten days together our Soluble Syrup, than take two drachms of our Aromatico, and than perfume him with Cinabar five or six mornings, or so long until that he feel pain in his gums, and than he shall be whole. For this is a great secret, to help that kind of Cough caused of the Pox, as I have proved a thousand times with good success.   

CHAP. XVIII. Of the white Scab that cometh in the Head.  
THis Scab is of an evil corruption in the superior parts, which is caused of abundance of moisture, and heat of the Stomach, which sendeth these vapours up to the head, and so goeth out that way. This is of two kinds, the one is hot and dry, and that is with a certain white crust, without any other kind of putrefaction: the other kind is hot and moist, and that causeth a certain crust, which is full of matter under it; so that as they differ in quality, they differ also in cure. Those that are hot and dry, must have Medicines that cool the heat, and extinguish the dryness, and this thou shalt do with Syrup of Citarch, and purge often with Cassia, and use cooling things, as Succory, Melons, Lettuce, and such like. The other kind which is hot and moist, you must first help the heat, and than dry the humidity, which you shall do with vomiting, and purging, and keeping diet, and eating of drying meats. The first drying scab you shall anoint only with our Magno liquore, which without help of any other thing, will cure it after they be purged, as is before said. The second kind you shall help, after the body is purged with our Cerot Magistrale, strewing thereon Cantharideses in fine powder, which have virtue attractive; by which means it mundifieth the head of that superfluous humidity, and than anoint him with our Vnguento magno, and in short space it will be whole, because it is cold and dry. And so by this means thou mayest heal these two kinds of Scabs, as I have done divers times, having respect to the cause. Ye shall understand that this disease is many times taken from the Nurse, the which is infected with the Pox, and so her milk being corrupted, it corrupteth the child, and therefore there must be good consideration thereof in the cure.   

CHAP. XIX. Of Risipella.  
THis Risipella is an inflammation with swelling and redness, the which commonly cometh in the face, arms and legs, and in no other places of the body, and it is caused of alteration of the blood, as I will show you an example by a pot that you seethe your meat in: When it is set on the fire, and is full of liquor, lacking one or two inches of the top, and when it beginneth to boil through the great heat of the fire, it runneth over the pot: and so by the like example we may say, that Risipella is a great alteration of the blood, through superfluous heat; and this occasion of heat proceedeth of great quantity of phlegm, that is in the stomach; for because assoon as they have vomited the phlegm, they are helped of Risipella, for I have seen the experience thereof divers times. Therefore give them of the juice of Elder-Roots ℥. iiii. and of Honey of Roses ℥. two. in the morning fasting, for this purgeth the Stomach of phlegm, and cooleth the blood, than hold the parts over the fume of hot water, and bathe it with pure Aqua vitae, distilled without phlegm; for this is one of the most excellent Medicines that can be found, because it is aperative and attractive, and presently dissolveth that alteration, and taketh away the pain. Also it would be good to use five or six mornings to drink ℥. i. of Julep of Violets, with six grains of Vitriol, for this mundifieth the stomach, and causeth digestion, and of himself is most wholesome, for that it mortifieth all hot diseases.   

CHAP. XX. Of the Squinancy.  
THe Squinancy is a certain alteration in the throat, which is caused of a flatuous or windy humour, and this cometh with such a vehemency, that if it be not helped quickly, it will choke him, for it stoppeth the conduits where the breath cometh through, and letteth a man to swallow his meat, and the Remedy is this: Take of our Electuario angelica, ℥. di. and than touch the throat within with our Aqua real three or four times, and without anoint it with Oleum Philosophorum of Turpentine and Wax, because it is very drying: And thus using the aforefaid remedies, thou mayest help them without letting blood, or any other thing in short space: for herewith I have cured a great number. You shall understand, that oil of Linseed is very appropriate to that matter, if you give the Patient four ounces. Also the tooth of a Bore made in powder, and drunk the quantity of ʒ. two. in Linseed oil helpeth the Squinancy. These I have proved divers times.   

CHAP. XXI. Of the Emeralds that come in the Fundament.  
THese in Naples be called Moricole, and in Venice, Maroelle, and in Spain, Almorane; and are an alteration of blood in the Emorodiall veins, which many times come forth in the lower parts with great pain, and these are caused of putrified humours of the body, and corruption of the blood, which corruption many times cometh of the Pox, or such like diseases. There are also divers kinds, but principally two: The one sort is within the fundament, and causeth great pain when they go to stool: The other sort cometh forth of the fundament, and are not so painful as the other are. To cure them that are within the Fundament, you shall give the Patient eight or ten mornings our Syrupo Magistrale, and than let him take of our Aromatico, ʒ. two. and use Glisters wherein is put half an ounce of Aqua real at a time, and so thou shalt help them. The best remedy for those that come forth is to make incision, or to make a little hole in them, that the blood may come forth which is putrified, and so by evacuation thou shalt help them. Also thou shalt understand, that vomiting is necessary in the cure of them both, because it openeth the veins. Also oil of Eggs, and oil of Frankincense, and oil of Linseed are very profitable to anoint them therewith to ease the pain.   

CHAP. XXII. A goodly and easy way to help all sorts of Fevers according to our Order.  
THe Fever Quotidian or continual Fever, or any other kind whatsoever, do proceed only of two principal causes, that is, of corruption and putrefaction, as you may perceive how that when the Fever is entered, the Patient is all corrupted, beginning at the stomach, the which is first corrupted. For proof you may always see that assoon as a man is sick, presently he looseth his appetite and cannot eat; afterwards it corrupteth the blood, for by experience, if you let them blood, it is always found corrupted, and not as it is in a sound body. It corrupteth also the senses, so that the sick is not stable sensed, nor cannot sleep, or rest by any means whilst he hath that accident. That it is caused also of Putrefaction you may see by them that have the Fever. For always when the Fever cometh, presently the stomach doth putrify, and spiteth forth filthy spittle: Also it doth putrify the body, because their Excrements that they voided are putrified and stinking more than others, and their Urine putrified and alterated from his natural course. Than seeing the Fever is caused of corruption and putrefaction, there are four things necessary to be done in the cure thereof. The first is, to evacuate the stomach: The second, to purge by urine: The third, to evacuate the body: And the fourth is, to purge by sweat: Which four operations may be done one after another with great ease, and will restore the Patient to his health. But you shall understand, that all cannot be holp, for that God almighty hath made us to die, and when that time cometh, medicines will do no good, but if that time be not yet come, by the help of God, with these Medicines he shall be restored to his former health. The first thing, as I said, is to take a vomit, which doth evacuate the stomach of choler and phlegm, that doth much offend the body diseased: After that, evacuate the body with those things that the Physician thinketh most convenient for that purpose, for there be many purgations to dissolve the body, and to evacuate malign humours: After that, make him purge by urine. Fourthly, and last of all, give him medicines that open the pores, and that provoketh sweated. And thus with these four operations, the most part shall be holp of that infirmity with great ease, and in short time: And as I have said, this is a most true order that never faileth, except (as I said before) when the Lord will call them. And as for these medicines, you shall found them written in this book severally with their uses and quantities.   

CHAP. XXIII. Another cure of the said Fevers,  
IF thou wilt help the said Fevers according to our order: when the Patient is greatly alterated therewith, thou shalt use five ways wherewith thou shalt easily help them, the which are these. The first as I said before is Vomit: the second evacuation of the body: the third evacuation by urine: the fourth to provoke sweat: and the fifth by unction. Nevertheless each of these alone is sufficient to help the said Fever: but yet using them all five, there is no doubt but thou mayest dissolve any evil sort of malign Fever, except as I said before, God will call them out of this World: but to the purpose of the cure First thou shalt set on five or six boxing glasses, according to the complexion and age of the infirmed: than the next morning give him one dose of our Electuario angellica, with Syrup of Sorrell, and water of Sorrell. Than the next morning following give him some Syrup appropriate for that disease, and put thereto ℥. two. of Sirrupo Magistrale, with Rhabarbe: that being ended, give him three or four times Julep of Violets with Oil of Sulphur, made per Campana, the dose of the Julep is ℥ two. and of the Oil of Sulphur four or five grains mixed together, and this you shall take in stead of Syrup betimes in the morning, and it will make them sweated and purge by urine, which are most necessary for the sick: and in the mean season you shall anoint them every night with Madge no liquore, which will make them rest well, and take away all their pains throughout the body, and so by this means the Fever shall be perfectly taken away. Also take great heed that you take no more blood than is necessary, neither let them keep any strait Diet, but let them keep a good regiment of Life. But when this Fever doth come through some other cause, than it were necessary to remove the principal cause, if thou wilt cure them: For if it be caused of a Catarrh, of necessity you must dissolye the Catarrh first, and than help the Fever. Also if the Fever be caused of a wound, it were necessary first to take away the pain of the Wound, and than the Fever will departed. And thus in every kind of Fever, it is most necessary to know the original from whence it is caused: And this is the true way to cure these infirmities, which I have proved infinite times.   

CAAP. XXIIII. Of the continual Fever.  
THere are many kinds of Fevers, therefore I will mention of them that are most known unto the world, and first of the continual Fever, that is of those that are only hot, and continued in one order both day and night, the which is caused of alteration and corruption of the humours in the body, which engender so much corruption in the stomach, and in the blood, that they 'cause that accident of Fever: And the very order to cure it is this. In the beginning of the alteration let him keep a good diet, and drink no wine: and that is done because that corruption is apt to corrupt all that entereth into the body during that alteration, and therefore meats of great substance or nourishment, are sooner turned into greater putrefaction in the body: But when the third day of the Fever is past, than take of our Aromaticoʒ. two. which will evacuate the stomach of that corruption: and that day that you take this Aromatico, drink as much crude water as you will: which is done because the stomach shall remain clear washed of that corruption, which being done, you shall give him three or four mornings our Soluble Syrup, and give him good meats, and let him drink Wine, because it cannot hurt in any wise, for it cannot putrife in the body: For the syrup doth evacuate every day the corruption: and when the blood is alterated of that putrefaction, it goeth to the veins, and so disperseth through the whole body. It would be good to set on boxing glasses to take away blood, and also to use drying unctions, as our Balsamo artificato, and Oil of Turpentine and Wax, and thus doing (if the Patient be not called of God) tho● shalt help him within short space. And this is the true secret to use for that Fever, which I have revealed unto the world, that every one might have it at their pleasure.   

CHAP. XXV. A great Secret that helpeth the continual Fever.  
THese Fevers that are not accidental, that is, not caused of a wound or imposthume, or other kind of infirmity apparent, are caused of a certain humour between the skin and the flesh, which would have exhalation: as you may see by experience in this kind of Fever, how that sweats and boxing is very appropriate to their solution. And in this case I will show thee a great remedy, with which after convenient purging thou mayest help in manner all those kinds of Fevers. And this is the remedy: Take Oippa ofir, the which is a simple well known to all the world, take of that herb a small quantity, and stamp it a little, and lay it upon the wrist, and bind it hard, and there let it lie until it have made a blister full of water, which you shall break, and there will come forth great abundance of water, and by that place the Fever shall be dissolved. And the reason is, because it evacuateth that humour which engendereth the accident: than the cause being removed, the effect will cease, and the Patient shall be whole.   

CHAP. XXVI. Of the Fever Tertian.  
THe Fever Tertian doth not continued in one manner, but cometh and goeth, and is caused of choleric humours: for assoon as the fit cometh it moveth choler, and in many it provoketh vomit. There are two sorts of those Fevers, The one cometh with an accident, first cold, and than hot: and the other sort cometh always hot, when the accident cometh: and sometimes that accident cometh twice a day, and that is called a double Tertian, which is hard to help, because letting blood, the diet, and purging of the body are all hurtful and contrary to that disease, therefore I will open to thee a secret wherewith thou shalt help them. Thou shalt give him three hours before the fit ʒ ss. of Eleborus niger in powder, with ℥. i. of Mel Rosarum: and after it drink ℥. i. of common water, and this you shall take twice, and than use this potion ten days every morning. Take Julep of Violets ℥. i. fine Aqua vitae ℥. di. Oil of Sulphur, that is perfect iiii. grains, and mix them together, this mundifieth the stomach, and purgeth by urine, and provoketh sweat, and warmeth the blood: which effects are necessary to the solution of that Fever, giving you great charge that you keep no strait diet in any wise, because it weakeneth the stomach, cooleth the blood, and hindereth nature, so that the Patient can scarce be helped. But with our order thou shalt help the most part of that Fever.   

CHAP. XXVII. Of the Fever of Repression.  
THis Fever is an alteration of the blood, which is caused of being over hot, and than cold and this is called a Fever propter accidens, and is not holp as the other Fevers are: for thou shalt help only the Repression, and the Fever will go away without any other help. Thou shalt give the Patient of our Aromatico, ʒ. two. that being done, give him two Syrups every day, the one in the morning, the other at night two hours after Supper, as hot as you may suffer to drink, and these are the Syrups. Take Syrup of Quinces, Stecadoes, Mel Rosarum, ana, ℥. i new Must boiled, ℥. vi. and in the mean time while you take this Syrup, it were necessary to make a moist bath with herbs, as Nettles, Mallows, agrimony, Carduus Benedictus, Rosemary, Origanum, and Calamint, ana lb. iii Commin, aniseed, Coliander, Sileris montani, ana lb. i than boil all those in a great Kettle with water, and than let the Patient sit over the fume, and cover him with clotheses until he sweated. And thus you shall do three times one day after another: and thou shalt help him perfectly, as I have had experience.   

CHAP. XXVIII. Of the Fever Hectic.  
THis Fever is a viscous and putrified humour in the stomach and lungs, the which is caused of a debility and weakness of nature that cannot digest the offensive humours. There are divers sorts of this Fever, nevertheless they are all evil to be holpt, and are counted uncurable. Nevertheless, I will show thee some excellent remedy very wholesome, that may pleasure them, although they are nigh their death. The first medicine that shall do them good, is our Electuario angellica, of which you shall give half an ounce in the morning fasting, for this presently joineth unto the stomach, and draweth to it all the offensive humours, and carrieth them forth by vomit and siege, and so leaveth the stomach eased and clean, that the Patient thinketh himself whole: But yet the stomach beginneth again to fill with a great suffocation, that will not let the Patient take rest, so that this medicine may well ease them, but not help them quite. Also our Elixir vitae doth much good in this disease, and also our Balm artificial: if you anoint the stomach therewith at night when you go to bed. Also use our distillation for the Hectic: these may all help a little but not cure. The Fever Hectic may come also of a Catarrh, of the Pox, and such like causes, and than they require medicines according to the cause: as if the Fever be caused of a Catarrh, let them use our Magno liquore to drink, the dose is one ounce at a time, with half an ounce of Mel Rosarum, and these use for a month at the lest. And if it be caused of the Pox, let him take Sarsaparilla, or Lignum vitae, Pillole Aquilone, or such like that will help the Pox: and thus doing, the cure will have good success: but when it is caused of debility of Nature (as is said before) they spit blood until the end.   

CHAP. XXIX. A new order wherewith thou mayst cure and help the most part of the Fever Hectic.  
MAny have thought that the Fever Heclick is altogether desperate and uncurable, and that by no means it might be resolved: But because it is caused of divers and sundry accidents, I say that many kinds may be helped and cured: For I found it may come of infinite causes, as aforesaid. There is one kind that cometh through the weakness of nature itself, and that beginneth to destroy the Lungs, and that kind I found to be incurable, because it is caused of the evil nature of the man, and not through any accident, and in that case I believe it cannot be dissolved by any means. Also there are many other Hectics caused of the French-Pox, of which I have seen and cured an infinite, and they are easy to cure: For curing the Pox, the Fever will be dissolved. There is another kind that dependeth of a salt humour, and some other of a Catarrh, and of many other things: Therefore if thou wilt help the said Fever, it were necessary to know the true cause whereof it dependeth, the which in my judgement is hard to be known, if that the Patient himself do not tell it: and therefore it is necessary for the Physician to examine them well, and to inquire whether they have had any kind or spice of the Mal Francese before, whereof the said Fever might have his original: and so doing, he with his judgement may be resolved of the nature of that infirmity: and if it chance that the said Feverhad his original of the Pox, the Physician may resolve it with medicines appropriate for that disease, with purging him strongly, and giving him Lignum Sanctum, or Salsa pariglias, and also perfume him with Olibanum Sinaber and Myrrha, ana: and so by the help of God, and means of these medicines thou shalt help them all, or at lest the most part of that kind of Fever Hectic. But if the Physician found that kind of Fever to be caused of a Catarrh, than use the medicines that help the Catarrh, and so the Fever shall be whole. But when he findeth it to be of the weakness of Nature, in that case there is no help that is sure. Nevertheless, I have cured some of them with great difficulty, and with Medicines of great efficacy: And that was with giving them every morning one drachm of good Soap in tablets according to our invention, and that they used for a month together: the which Soap hath virtue to dry that abundance of spittle, and to heal the Lungs ulcerated, and it also strengtheneth the Stomach marvellously: After that I caused them to use our distillation of a Hen for the Hectic, and this they did continually drink: Also I caused them to use our Balfamo artificiato to anoint therewith every night after Supper, the which is piercing, and comforteth and augmenteth natural strength, and comforteth much the infirmed: Also I caused them to use Aromatico Rosato, the which comforteth the weak Stomach. And by this means I have helped some of them as it is well known.   

CHAP. XXX. Of the Fever Quartane.  
THe Fever Quartane is a motion of a certain accident cold and hot, which is caused of melancholy humours corrupted and putrified, the which every third day doth 'cause that accident to come, and beginneth with great cold and continueth a good while, and than cometh hot. And this Quartane both the ancient Doctors, and these in our time do count in a manner uncureable. Nevertheless, I that have sought always to help those diseases which were counted uncurable, amongst the rest have found the true and perfect cure for the Quartane Ague, and to dissolve the melancholy humours, which is done with three Medicines that are rare and marvellous to dissolve any Quartane. The first is, Mercury Precipitate without corrosive, giving thereof ten grains, with half an ounce of Sugar Rosate, and that day eat little meat; that being done, take a pound of Iva Artetica, and boil it in eight pound of white wine, and common Honey one pound, until a third part be consumed, and of that drink morning and evening six ounces warm one hour after supper: And in the mean time anoint every night his Reinss with our Balsamum artificial. Thus doing thou shalt help any Quartane. I have also found other rare ways to cure this Fever Quartane, as hereafter followeth.   

CHAP. XXXI. The Order to help the Fever Quartane of all sorts, in short time.  
THe Fever Quartane is caused of a melancholy humour as aforesaid, with a continual distillation of the head, descending to the stomach, and augmenting the evil disposition of the body; and by reason of that distillation, provoketh much sweat when the accident of the Fever cometh: And likewise that distillation causeth such cold in the Marrow of the Reinss and Back, and an infinite of other disorders which trouble the body greatly. But to avoid all these inconveniences, and to dissolve wholly that accident of the Quartane according to our order, because I have helped more than any Physician of our time. I will show thee how with these Remedies following thou shalt help them, though not all, yet the greater part truly most miraculously, and the Order to dissolve it is thus. You shall give the Patiented a dose of our Aromatico in the morning to eat, and drink thereon two or three ounces of good wine, and fast thereon six hours, and this Medicine is most convenient the day of the fit, because the infirmity removeth great quantity of humours, and the medicine evacuateth them; and thus giving it three times in the day of the fit, it will work a great operation. But if the Fever be in a person of melancholy complexion, than it is where it would be; for you may see that in a melancholy person, the Fever hath more force, than in any other complexion, which proveth, that that Fever, and that complexion are most like: But in that case you shall cure them in this Order. You shall give him ten or fifteen days our Syrup against the melancholy humour, which is written in this Book, which you shall take two hours before day hot, and than sleep one sleep thereon, and thus do every morning, and every night anoint all the parts of the body with our Balsamo artificiato, and he shall be helped. But if it hap that this doth not cure him, let not to give him this remedy, which most surely (God willing) will help him, and that remedy is our Aqua Balsami, of which he shall take every morning two Drachms fasting, and so continued until the Fever be gone quite: so that of force using all the aforesaid remedies, the Fever must needs departed. And the reason is this, that our Aromatico evacuateth the stomach of all impediments by vomit, and letteth the descension of the head, which causeth the accident. Our Syrup evacuateth the melancholy humour, and dissolveth it by his proper quality. Our Balsamo the which is subtle and penetravive drieth and comforteth the place offended, in such order, that it casteth forth all the matter that may offend Nature. Our Aqua balsami also being drunk, doth dry the evil humours, and augment strength, in so much that it quite extinguisheth the said Quartane. And this may be used in all manner of persons, and in all times of the year without any doubt of inconvenience: and it is a new remedy that never was set out before of the Ancients, which I have used to the great profit of the Patients.   

CHAP. XXXII. Another discourse of a marvellous secret against the said Quartane.  
THe Fever Quartan is caused of melancholy humours, which hath his fit coming every third day, first cold with great thirst, and than cometh the heat, which remaineth with some longer than with other some, and the cause, hereof is hard to be known. Nevertheless, I seeking out continually natural things, and the quality of the accidents, I do found that this Fever beginneth always in some particular place, as in the head with a certain pain round about it, or in the nose and ear, or in the Reinss and Legs: And therefore he that can found out the place where first beginneth the accident, may easily help them, because the Fever is dissolved with two things only, that is, exhalation and exsication, and herein consisteth the secret. The order to make the Exhalation shall be thus: Make a Cerot of Frankincense, Pitch, Wax, Turpentine, Myrrh and Aloes, upon the which Cerot you shall put the powder of Cantharideses, and than lay it upon the place where they feel the Fever come first, that is on the particular part where the accident cometh, and this you shall change twice, except the first day of the Fever. And to make the exsication, give him every day in the morning to drink, ℥. di. of our Aquabalsami for twelve days, and with the Balsamo artificiato anoint every night his Stomach and Reinss, and so he shall be helped, giving you charge also that before you use these Medicines, that he take three times our Aromatico, and so he shall be quite helped.   

CHAP. XXXIII. A secret to help all Fevers in their beginning.  
When the Fevers are new begun or taken, and that the putrefaction is not yet confirmed, than may it be helped with great ease, but after they have taken their beginning, they are hardly helped. Therefore when the Fever is new begun, you shall give them ʒii of our Aromatico fasting in the morning: and the next day about the same hour you shall give them ℥. i. of our Vegitabile Syrup: and the third day you shall give them four Drachms of our Electuario angelica with broth, the which taketh away the Fever altogether. And this operation intendeth only to the continual Fever, Quotidian, Tertian, and putrified or pestilential, but not to the accidental, or Hectic, nor Quartane: For these three kinds are much differing from the rest, because the accidental is caused of another infirmity anterior or going before. The Fever Hectic is caused of weakness of nature, and the Quartane is caused of great quantity of melancholic humours, and they are cured by contrary means unto the first. The accidental are cured with helping the principal infirmity: The Hectic is cured by helping of Nature, and preserving the Liver and Lungs from putrefaction: The Quartane is cured with Vomits, Unctions, Cerottes, and drying drinks, and these are great secrets to be known: For in this Chapter consisteth a great part of Physic, and Chirurgery if you consider well thereon.   

CHAP. XXXIIII. A Secret of one Simple that helpeth in manner all Fevers.  
THere are an infinite of medicines that dissolve the Fever, but above all other this seemeth to me of great authority, because it helpeth it with such ease, that it is to be wondered at. With this remedy through the Divine goodness, I have cured a great number, and the Secret is this. You shall gather in the Month of August a certain herb, which the Italians do call Oreula, which you shall dry and make into powder, of the which you shall give the sick as much as will lie upon a sixpences, with water or wine, and give it warm in the morning, and fast thereon three or four hours, and thus doing, the Patient shall be helped with great ease, and in short time: for this is a great secret which may be used in all times and in every occasion, and always it worketh an operation in one manner.   

CHAP. XXXV. Of the Gout.  
THe Gout which cometh to men, is a distemperature and alteration, which is caused of corrupt and undigested humours, and also of feeding on meats that nourish much, and than to use no exercise, as you may see by the most part of them that be troubled with that disease. Also this disease, both of the old and new Doctors hath been counted uncurable, as it is known to every one: But yet I, which have done nothing else but sought out the nature and quality of things, have found divers inventions in sundry Arts, as thou mayest read in my Caprici Medicinali, and so amongst the rest, I have found (through the help of God) the true and perfect Secret to help the Gout, so that it shall never come again: Of which disease I have cured a great number in divers Cities of the world, as in Palermo, in Sicilia, in Messina, and in divers places of Calabria, in Naples, in Rome, and in Venice, as it is well known unto the most part of the Inhabitants of those Cities.   

CHAP. XXXVI. A Note concerning the Cure of the Gout, taken out of a Letter which this Author wrote unto a certain noble Signior, the Duke of Urbine.  
FIrst you shall understand, that the Gout of what kind soever it be, either hot or cold, or of any other temperature, they all come of one only cause, although they work divers Effects, which Effects come through the complexions of them that have that infirmity: As for example, to show it more plainly, you may see that in fat men, the Gout cometh always with inflammation and redness and great pain: In lean persons it cometh always with pains, but with less inflammation. In choleric and melancholy persons, it cometh with tumors, and that is Nodosa. And the cause of this infirmity is, of an evil quality engendered in the stomach, in the Liver, and in the blood: And the cure thereof, is to ease the stomach of that evil, and to purge the Liver and the blood, and to mitigate the pain: All which thou mayest do with these three Remedies following, viz. our Pillole Magistrale, our Unction for the Cout, and our Quinta essentia solutivo: for the Pills do discharge the stomach, and our Quinta essentia solutivo purgeth the Liver and the blood, and our Unction taketh away the pain, for if you remedy the cause which is only one, the effect will cease. As concerning the Gout you shall cure it in this Order: First, when you feel the pain begin to come, you shall take two doses of those Pills in the morning fasting, one day after another, or if you will, rest a day or two according to your strength, that being done, you shall take every morning ʒ. two. of our Quinta essentia solutivo in half a Porringer full of the broth of Veal, and a little Sugar, and this take five hours before meat; and keep no straight Diet, but eat reasonably, and every night after Supper anoint the grief with our Unction for the Gout, and thus through the help of God, and the virtue of these Medicines, the Gout shall be cured.   

CHAP. XXXVII. Another Discourse upon the same infirmity of the Gout, and the Order to cure it, tak●n out of his Book called, Thesaurro della Vita Humana.  
ALthough the wise & learned of the world, have always believed that the Gout is of divers kinds, yet they have all been deceived; for that infirmity is one only, and cometh of one only cause, although in some it come in manner of Phlegmone, and in some other like Risipilla, and in other Nodosa, and in other with pain without alteration, and in some other in divers manners; all which is caused through the diversity of complexions, for that one man is phlegmatic, the other sanguine, the other choleric, and the other adust, and thus by these means, many have thought the Gout to have been of divers kinds, whereas indeed it is only one, and is cured with one only order, and dissolved altogether for ever; for that infirmity is caused of no other than of rotten humours caused of indigestion, and to say truth, we see that the said infirmity never cometh in manner, but unto those persons that feed well on meats of great nourishment, which for want of exercise, that Nature might digest it, they wanting natural heat, cannot have their orderly digestion, and for that cause the humours do engross out of measure, and engender that infirmity, and than Nature that always seeketh to ease herself of that which offendeth her, driveth forth that humour unto the extreme parts, as the hands, and feet, or other particular parts, and this is the Gout: And these humours many times are cause of Malipiero francese, and this is all the secret. He therefore that is advertised by me, shall be most cunning in curing of it.   

CHAP. XXXVIII. What order must be used in curing of the said Gout.  
SEeing the Gout (as I said before) are gross humours undigested coming of the aforesaid cause, it were most necessary, if thou wilt cure them to do three operations. The first of them is Phlebothomie, which must be done under the tongue, cutting overthwart one of those two veins: For that Phlebothomie evacuateth the stomocall humours that are cause of that corruption. The second operation that is to be done, is to assubtiliate the gross and rotten humours, and to evacuate them quite. The third operation that is to be done, is to preserve nature in good temperature, and to help the digestion, and thus doing, the said infirmity shall be extincted. If therefore thou wilt help the Gout, and after they are helped, keep the Patient in good temperature and prosperity of life, it were necessary to do these three operations. After the first is done, as I have said, it were needful to come to the second, which is to assubtiliate the gross humours, which will be done with four remedies. The first of them is our Quinta essentia solutiva, which subtiliateth the humours, and evacuateth them downwards. The second remedy is our Electuario angelica, which evacuateth the humours hanging in all parts, and leaveth nature so eased, that it may well prevail. The third remedy is a Fomentation, which drieth up the humidity of the head and stomach, and by means of that operation the disease shall remain extincted. The fourth and last remedy is our Balsamo against the pains, with which you shall anoint upon the place grieved, for it mittigateth the pains greatly. And thus with these four remedies thou shalt help the Gout perfectly, as I have often times done in Venice, and at Rome, and in divers other places of Italy, well known there unto all men.   

CHAP. XXXIX. The Order to preserve a man from the Gout, when he is once helped.  
AFter that a man through the divine goodness of God shall be helped of the Gout, he may if he will preserve himself in health, with these three noble Remedies. The first of them is our Vegetable Quintessence, the which doth cause good digestion, warmeth the stomach, and defendeth it from corruption, by which Effects it will return Nature in manner as it was in youth, and it preserveth the sight and the hearing, and divers good operations which are all necessary. The second Remedy is our Oleo incompostibile, with which you shall anoint the stomach, and that will 'cause digestion, comfort the heart, provoke sleep, and keep the stomach, that therein shall breed no evil quality of humours. The third Remedy is, our Pillolae aquilonae, which doth evacuate the humour hanging, always when it engendereth in the stomach, they cleanse the head, and are by their nature against all sorts of pains. And thus with these three Medicines, every one may preserve himself from that infirmity, as it is daily proved, and seen in Venice, and in divers other places in Italy.   

CHAP. XL. The cure of a certain Gentleman that was troubled with the Gout, and a great Stitch in his side.  
THe Cure of this man was with these five Remedies following, that is, with our Aromatico, Quinta essentia solutiva, Pillolle angelica, Oleo incompostibile, and Qintaessenti Vegitabile: For you shall understand, that our Aromatico taketh away the pains of the Stomach, so that the other Medicines may work their operations the better. Our Quinta essentia solutiva, taketh away the cause of the infirmity, and the Pills take away the evil quality. The Unction taketh away the pain: And the Vegitabile Quintessence, preserveth them that it cometh not again. The Dia Aromatico must be taken in the morning fasting, the dose is ʒ. two. at once. The Quintaessentia solutiva you shall take with broth of a Capon and Sugar fasting, without any observations, the dose is two or three drachms at a time. Our Pillole Angelica you shall take two hours before supper, the dose is from ʒ. i. to ʒ. two. The Unction you shall anoint after Supper upon the sore places, so often until the pain be gone. Our Vegitabile Quintessence you shall drink every morning half an ounce, and thus continuing thou shalt be perfectly whole by God's help.   

CHAP. XLI. A Discourse upon the Sciatica, and his remedy.  
THe Sciatica is so called, because it is upon the bone which is called Scio, and of that it taketh the name Sciatica, the which is caused of an evil quality in the Stomach and Liver, the which you may see by the cure; for if ye cure the Stomach, and help the Liver, the Sciatica will cease, and by this means thou mayest see whether I say the truth or no. Seeing than that the Sciatica is caused as is said before, ye shall understand that it is so caused, by reason that the stomach cannot well digest that which it should, and so it causeth crude and undigested humours, of the which Nature would be discharged, he casteth them forth of the stomach, and having no other way to come forth of the Stomach but by the ordinary ways, they do pass, and of force they must pass by those powers that pass by the Liver, and so the Liver which is able both to resolve the good and the evil quality, remaineth still infected of that indisposition, and not being able to digest them according unto the order of Nature, they engross and become malign, and than Nature the which with all industry would discharge himself of that burden, sending them to the higher parts, sendeth them downwards, and when they come unto Scio, where they must pass with difficulty by certain small muscles, they engross in that place, and cause inflammation and pain, the which Inflammation or swelling, after the body is well purged, is resolved with Vesicatores Ventosos, and attractive Cerots and such like things. Also attractive Glisters are most wholesome because they discharge the humour in the lower parts, and comfort the Sciatica. Nevertheless, ye shall understand that there are certain and true appropriate Medicines to resolve it with brevity, the which are these that follow. First, when the Patient is in most extreme pain, let him blood under the tongue, the which is such a singular remedy, that it causeth the world to wonder thereat: after that purge him with our Soluble Syrup, six or seven days, that being done, take away the water which causeth the pain, than comfort the Patient with the Oil that is separated from the flower of flowers, and distilled in a Retort, than all this being done, the Patient shall remain helped to thy great honour. And therefore he that will cure the Sciatica, it were necessary that he consider well of the nature and quality of the infirmity, and when they are satisfied to be the Sciatica, in that case cure them according to this our Order, the which by the grace of God, and virtue of these Medicines, they shall remain helped of that indisposition, for this is a great Secret.   

CHAP. XLII. Of the Pains of the Mother.  
THe Pains of the Mother which women are troubled withal, is an alteration in the Matrix, that may come of divers causes, as of cold, of moistness, of dryness, of melancholic humours, of phlegmatic, and of choleric, the which is to be proved divers ways. Nevertheless, I will show thee the Secret to cure it generally, and the order is thus. You shall give the Patiented a dose of Pillolae Aquilonae fasting, and sleeping thereon one sleep, for these Pills do purge the Matrix, than take Electuario Angelica half an ounce, which purgeth the blood and choler: That being done, take Cantharideses in powder ℈ i Galingale, and the roots of Mercury, ana. di. ℈ mix them altogether, and put it into a little piece of Sarsenet, and bind it like a button, and put it into the Matrix as high as you can, and there let it remain four and twenty hours without moving of it, for it purgeth divinely; and herewith thou mayst cure any great impediment in the Matrix: That being done, they shall use our Syrup against the pains of the Mother, the which comforteth and purgeth all humours in the body that offend the Mother: And this is a great secret which was found out by me. You shall understand, that whosoever would know the truth of this disease, it were necessary for him to be expert in Philosophy, because it is an operation of natural things, the which cannot be well understood without great knowledge in natural Philosophy.   

CHAP. XLIII. Of the pains in the head.  
THe pain in the Head is a disease of the brains, which is caused of putrified humours in the stomach, the which is like unto a pot that boileth, causing the vapours to ascend, which if they be evil, the fume is evil to the taste and smell; but if there boil any good thing therein, the fumes are pleasant both to the smell and taste. And so likewise our stomach being filled with good juice, filleth the brain with good fumes; but being filled with evil corrupt humours, it hurteth the brain, and causeth pains of the head. The like pains of the head may come of alteration of the blood, and to help that accident, you must first remove the cause principal, which is done with purging and evacuating of the stomach of those putrified humours; which thou shalt do with our Aromatico, giving it to the Patient two or three times, every five days once. The dose is ʒ two. and than the pain will cease, of what cause soever it do come; this done, take the juice of a Beet root one ounce, Oil of bitter Almonds one drachm; mix them well together, and snuff it up into the nose every morning until it come into the mouth, for this doth purge the head marvellously; this being done, it would be good to take our Soluble Syrup four or five mornings cold, and so the Patient shall be helped.   

CHAP. XLIV. Of deafness of the Ears.  
Deafness in the Ears do proceed of divers causes, as of a Catarrh, cold, and humidity of the head. But of what cause soever it come, I will show thee a true secret to cure them quickly. First purge them eight or ten days with our Sirupo Magistrale, and than take our Pillole Aquilone, three times, and than perfume them five mornings with this: Take Synabar ℥. i. Olibanum, and Myrrh, ana one scruple, mix them and divide it in five parts, the which you shall occupy at five times, standing over them with your mouth open, that the fume may enter in, for it drieth and resolveth the evil humours in the head that himder the hearing; and thus doing thou shalt be helped. Nevertheless, it would be good to put the fat a of silver Eel into the ear, which hath a principal virtue to comfort the hearing. Also our Aqua balsami being put into the ear, comforteth the sight and hearing marvelloufly, and all impediments in the head, and evil humours it destroyeth through his quality and nature, and augmenteth the good, in such order that using of it thou shalt see great marvels: for these are the true secrets for that disease.   

CHAP. XLV. Of the Infirmities of eyes, and their causes and cures.  
THe Infirmities of the Eyes cometh of divers and sundry causes, of the which I will make mention, especially of those that are of most importance, and most dangerous to hurt the sight. There is one that is called in Italian Razoni, and that is caused of the heat of the blood, and his effects are certain small wheals that run round about the eyelids, and this Infirmity is of small importance, for only with linament of Tutia they may be healed, anointing them three or four times. There is another kind of infirmity in the eyes that cometh to many, and is caused of moisture and heat in the head, and that is a redness with watering and great burning: And although this be troublesome, yet it is not dangerous to heal. For with purging the head and body, and with Boxing glasses, and with certain Unctions appropriate they shall remain whole. There is another kind of infirmity in the eye, and that is when the ball of the eye waxeth out of measure in greatness, and this is called Dilatatio pupillae, the which is very hard to heal. For my part I never saw but one remedy that did preserve it, and that is our Balsamo Artificiato, of the which you shall put every night one drop into the eye, and it will do thee great pleasure, because it is temperate hot, and hath a penetrative virtue and resolutative, by the which means it doth hinder the relaxation, and preserveth the eye. There is yet another sort of infirmity that causeth the eye to be full of pain, and cometh all thick and filthy, and blindeth it, and this indisposition is caused of Morbo Gallico; and although it seem foul and uncurable: Nevertheless, it is easy to be cured if you help the principal cause, and fume the head with Cinabar, Myrrh, and Olibanum, they shall be quickly helped, There is another infirmity that cometh in the eye, the which is a cloud that engendereth in the point of the eye upon the ball, and hindereth the sight, and that is easy to be helped, for if you drop therein one drop of our Balm twenty or thirty days together, it will resolve it throughly. There are divers other infirmities which do trouble the eyes, the which I will let pass till another time.   

CHAP. XLVI. Of the pains in the Teeth.  
THe pain of the teeth is an accidental disease, which cometh of divers and sundry causes, of the which causes, I will show the chiefest. It cometh sometimes of a Rheum in the head, or of a Catarr, or of humidity in the head, and divers other ways. Nevertheless, let it come which way it will, it proceedeth of the head and stomach, the which sendeth up vapours, and than fall down again, and 'cause that pain, and the remedy is this: First, give them our Magistrale Syrupo five or six days, the which purgeth the blood, and evacuateth the body; that being done, take our Electuario angelico, three times according to the receipt, for this evacuateth the stomach and purgeth the head; and than take our Aqua real, and hold it in thy mouth a Paternoster while, and than spit it forth again, and with this order thou shalt help all manner of pains in the teeth, except they be rotten stumps; and than the best way is to take them forth with an Instrument: but if thou wilt not take them forth and ease the pain, thou mayest touch them with Aqua fortis until the marrow be mortified? that being done, you shall hold our Aqua balsami two or three times in your mouth in a day, until the pain be gone, and so with this order thou mayest keep them without pain. Also I will show thee another easy way. Take Henbane seed, and mix it with white Wax, than cast it on the coals, and hold thy mouth over it to receive the fume, and than thy pain will cease if they be rotten teeth; and this it doth by stupefaction. Also it will be good to hold in thy mouth Mastic, Pellitory, and Allom, after ye have purged, for this draweth down the matter.   

CHAP. XLVII. Of a stinking breath.  
THe stinking breath is a putrefaction the which is caused of the stomach, being corrupted and foul, as you may see by experience of those that have that infirmity, and the remedy is this. You shall give them of our Aromaticoʒ. two. fasting, every third day for three times, and than use our Quintessence for a month continually; The dose is ʒ. i. every morning, and after supper two hours, for this comforteth the stomach and the heart, and taketh away the stinking: That being done, take five or six mornings together, every morning of oil of Turpentine one scruple with white Wine, and so they shall remain helped.   

CHAP. XLVIII. Of spitting of blood.  
THe spitting of blood is an alteration of blood in the veins, which alteration is so much, that Nature provoketh it to the stomach, from whence it had his Original, and doth not come of a vein broken as many have said, as thou mayst well see the truth; for if the vein were broke, the blood would come forth at one time or instant without any tarrying, and they would die quickly, the which cometh not by spitting of blood, for they spit none until the alteration cometh: and this is caused of a kind of Fever that cometh inwardly, that engendereth that alteration, and when his fit cometh, the blood doth altar, and the veins swell, and the blood doth come forth at the proper mouths of the veins, and so they spit it forth; and when they spit blood, it is the beginning of the Fever Hectic, the which when it is confirmed, is uncurable and mortal: But if thou wilt take it at the beginning when they spit blood, it may be helped with ease, and that thou shalt do with giving them three or four times of our Petra Philosophale twelve grains, with half an ounce of Sugar Rosate, every third day once; that being done, let him take every morning Oil of Vitriol iiii. grains, with Julep of Violets ℥. i. because there is no better medicine in the world that disposeth the alteration of the blood, than our Petra Philosophale, and the oil of Vitrial mittigateth the heat and extinguisheth the accident. You shall note, that this which I have written is not understood of many as I understand it. And likewise the Medicines to use in that case hath not been put in practice of any man, and the cause is this. That since Physic hath been in use until this time, the Physicians have not understood of other than the Theoric, and none they cured of practice and experience, and that is the cause that so few have found the truth. But I that continually do travel in practice, have found rare things, as I will set forth to the world hereafter.   

CHAP. XLIX. Of diseases of the Liver.  
THe sickness of the Liver is caused of divers and sundry accidents of the body, as you may see by experience, when a man is never so little sick, by and by the Liver is alterated, and doth no more work well, and that is because the Liver is the receptacle of the blood and of the Gall, and the master which ruleth and governeth our bodies, and distributeth the blood into the veins, and doth purify it, separating the sharp and evil parts, and sending it to a certain bladder, which we call the Gall; and when it is so full that it can receive not more, it runneth over, and so causeth the body to become yellow, and thereupon the Urine is yellow, and is so evil, that in short time it drieth that body, so that the Liver being dispensator both of the good and bad qualities of the humours, it cannot be but through the infirmities of the body. Also when the Liver is over hot and dry, it causeth the Patient to be lean and dry, and with great heat: and when the Liver is troubled with humidity and cold, it causeth the Patient to become full of sores and scabs, and these are the effects that come of the Liver when it is distempered. But if thou wilt help it from that indisposition, it were necessary to evacuate the body and stomach of superfluous humours, which thou shalt do with our Soluble Syrup, giving it eight or ten days together cold, and than purge the Stomach with our Aromatico fasting in the morning; that being done, you shall use remedies that help the Liver, which are many, as Citrake, Liverwort, Scolopendria, Cycorie, and such like; and so observing this order thou shalt help them. For I have had an infinite of experience of it.   

CHAP. L. Of diseases of the Lungs.  
THe infirmities of the Lungs are of two kinds, that is cold and moist, and hot and dry, the which infirmity is caused of evil temperature of the body. You shall note, that when the Lungs is infected with cold and moist, it will easily turn to that kind of Hectic that causeth the Cough, and to spit matter at the mouth. But when it is grieved with heat and dryness, it is in danger to turn to a Phthisic, the which disease causeth a man to become lean and dry, and keepeth back his breath, and so the one with another they are mortal diseases, so that there can scarce be found any remedy; and therefore I will begin with the first kind, and than with the second, and than the third, and than with the fourth and last, for the which there is no redemption or hope of life. But for the first and second, there are a number of remedies that do help, the which be these. First, give the Patient of the juice of the Roots of blue Lilies, ℥. two. with Mel Rosarum, ℥. i. in the morning fasting, and that use three times, every third day once: That being done, let him use our Elixir vitae for thirty or forty days together morning and evening; the dose is ʒ. two. at a time, and also put therein every time half an ounce of our Magno liquore, and drink it a little warm, for this is a perfect remedy, with which I have cured an infinite number in my days. And of all the Medicines that ever I found, I never had any like this, because the juice of the Lilly-root hath virtue attractive that mundifieth the stomach, and the Elixir vitae comforteth and resolveth all Ulcers in the Lungs, and the Magno liquore dissolveth the Catarr, and healeth the stomach, for I have proved it a number of times, as is said before. I remember me that in the year of our Lord, 1557. I being in Rome cured a young man which was a Painter, that was in the house of the Cardinal de Medici, the which had his Lungs ulcerated, and did spit great quantity of blood, and had a great Catarr and Cough, and did spit also matter, in the which there was no hope of life. I caused him to use the aforesaid remedies, and so in short time he was helped, and not only he, but a great number more at sundry times.   

CHAP. LIVELY Of the Spleen.  
THe Spleen is never sick but through other diseases, as you may see by experience, how that those that have the Fever Quartane, for the most part have their Spleen alterated and hard, and this proceedeth of evil temperature of the body and Liver, that cannot digest the humours, and so Nature sendeth them forth in the weakest parts that are most apt to receive them. So that the Spleen is like a sponge, and very apt to receive that humidity, that Nature cannot dissolve otherwise, and so by this reason it is most apt to be sick or diseased: therefore if thou wilt cure it, first cure the disease which causeth that alteration, for that being once helped, Nature of itself will help the Spleen without any other Medicine, and therefore strive not to help the Spleen with particular Medicines, for it is vain; but look what kind of disease the Patient is troubled with, and cure that, and than the Spleen will heal well enough. And this is the true way to cure the Spleen.   

CHAP. LII. Of the Flux of the body.  
THe Flux of the body is a distemperature of the guts and stomach, which is caused also of an evil disposition in the Stomach, as well as of all other interiours, and is very troublesome to the Patient, and hard to be helped. Nevertheless, I will show thee a secret and that is this. Take of our Petra Philosophale twelve grains, which doth evacuate the humour hanging, and dissolveth the Flux. But when it is a hot Flux with a Fever in the Summer, let him stand two hours after supper in a bath of salt-water of the Sea that is cold: for it is of great effect. You shall understand, that our Petra Philosophale must be taken with Sugar Rosote di. ℥. Also when you have done the aforesaid things, you shall take our Syrup against the melancholy humours five or six mornings. And so using this order, thou shalt help any kind of cruel Flux, as I have proved infinite times.   

CHAP. LIII. Of costiveness in the body.  
THis disease is caused of great dryness and adustion in the body, through the which cause there cometh many diseases: and that is, that our meat lieth long in the body: and of that cometh indisposition of the stomach, pains in the head, Flux of Urine, alteration of blood, augmenting of choler, and such like. Therefore if thou wilt help these inconveniences, it were necessary to seek the principal cause, and to 'cause the body to be lose: and that thou shalt do with our Syrup Magistrale, using it according to reason every morning. For it evacuateth the lower parts, and cooleth the Liver, and purgeth the blood, and consumeth choler, and helpeth digestion. And with this only shalt thou help them perfectly.   

CHAP. LIV. Of the Flux of Urine.  
THe Flux of Urine is an alteration of the pores, and opening of the reins, caused of indigestion in the body, as you may see by experience. This Flux weakeneth the stomach, and the reins, and taketh away the taste, and letteth sleep: so that many times of these effects come cruel diseases, as Gonorhea, the Strangury, Ulcerations in the Yard, and such like: and therefore if thou wilt help the aforesaid disease, use this Medicine. Let him take of our Aromatico two drachmas, and drink thereon a little water, and than let him use of this Syrup every morning warm ℥. iiii. Take Sage, Carduus Benedictus, Egrimony, Betony, Citrake, Scolopendria, Chicory, of each one handful, read Saunders, Box, ana ℥. iiii. Aloes, Epatick, Coloquintida, Sin, Turbit, Hermodactiles, ana ℥. i. course Sugar one pound and a half, common Honey one pound: than lay all the aforesaid things to infuse in five and twenty pound of White wine the space of twelve hours: than boil them close until half be consumed: than strain it without expression, and put thereto a carat of Musk dissolved in ℥, iiii. of Rosewater: and of this take every morning three or four ounces, and fast thereon at the lest four or five hours, and in the mean time that you use this Syrup, you shall not eat Hog's flesh, nor Fish, nor salt things, nor Rapes, nor Radish, nor Parsley, nor any other aperative thing: This being done, take Hyssop of the Mountain that is dried lb. two. and boil it in thirty pound of White wine, and put thereto one pound of Honey, letting them boil till the fourth part be consumed, and than strain it, and drink it continually for fourteen or fifteen days. And by this means thou shalt have help God willing.   

CHAP. LV. A discourse upon the retention of Urine, and his cure.  
THe causes of the retention of Urine are many, among the which, there are three principally above the rest, and are so manifest, that every one may understand them: and are these. Stones, as well great, as gravel, viscosity in the Reinss and Bladder, and alteration in the pores: And thus through those three accidents, most commonly they cannot make water: the which if thou wilt help, it will be somewhat hard, because you must understand the cause thereof, the which is not easily done of every man: for he that knoweth not the cause, can less help the effect, and he that knoweth not the effect, can less help them. And therefore, I say, he that will help those that cannot make water, because of the stone in the bladder, he must seringe them to take forth the Urine: but if thou wilt help those that cannot make water through the gravel, you shall give them our Pillole Aquilone: and than give them a Flintstone made in fine powder, to drink with water of Saxifrage, and thou shalt see thereof miracles. And if thou wilt help them that cannot make water, because of viscosity, give them our Aromatico, and anoint the reinss with our Balsamo Artificiato, and also his Testicles, and so by these means you shall help them quickly of that accident: as I have proved divers times.   

CHAP. LVI. Another discourse upon the retention of Urine; and his remedies.  
THe retention of Urine is caused divers ways, as by overmuch heat, or overmuch cold, or through too much dryness, or too much moistness. And therefore he that will cure this infirmity, must first know the cause, and also the virtue and quality of his Medicines wherewith he will cure them: for if he do otherwise, he shall walk in the dark, and be as a Diviner: for many have written receipts, wherewith they show to help many infirmities, without giving any reason at all. But to the purpose of the retention of Urine, as as I have said, that it may come through four principal causes. So will I show it in four Chapters, and also their remedies wherewith they may be helped.   

CHAP. LVII. Of the retention of Urine that cometh through heat, and his remedies.  
THe retention of Urine which cometh through heat, is that which engendereth the stone and gravel, for through that superfluous heat it engendereth. And this is one of the four causes of the retention of Urine, the which is helped with Instruments and Medicines concerning the stone. The most certain Medicine is, to be cut and take it forth. Nevertheless, there are many Medicines that may pleasure them of our invention: As concerning the gravel, there are many things that dissolve it, of the which I have spoken of in divers places: As concerning the remedy of the cause, that is easy: for by purging the stomach and the body, the heat will be dissolved, and the body left in good temperature. And the purging of the body shall be done with our Syrup against the melancholy humour, and to use our Aromatico, and Electuario Magistrale, de Althaea with Sulphur. And thus much concerning that heat.   

CHAP. LVIII. Of the retention of Urine through cause of dryness, and his Medicine.  
THe retention of Urine through dryness, is, because the Reins and the Conduits where it passeth are to much dried, and that dryness is cause of adustion of the Liver, the which must be helped with taking away a little blood: and to purge the body with Cassia, Syrup de Pomis, de Succuria, de Lactutia, de Malvis, de Siterache, and such like, that cool and take away the adustion of the Liver: than anoint the Reins, the Members, and Yard with Hog's grease, because that fat doth mollify and moisten: and give him to drink Sero lactis, because that enlargeth and moisteneth, and provoketh Urine without burning.   

CHAP. LIX. Of the retention of Urine that cometh through cold, and his remedies.  
THe alteration of Urine that cometh through cold, is that kind which maketh a man that he cannot make water without the help of some warm thing laid upon the body, and upon the bottom of the belly, and the cure thereof is to vomit those cold humours out of the stomach, and to purge the body with solutives of warm Nature, and with warm Decoctiens, with the Decoction of Lignum Sanctum, of Carduus Benedictus, and of Rosemary, and anoint the back with our Oleum Philosoph●rum, de Terebinthina, & Cera,, or Oil of Frankincense, or such like things that warm the coldness. And so by these means the Patient shall be helped of that retention of Urine.   

CHAP. LX. Of the retention of Urine through cause of moistness, and his remedy.  
THe retention of Urine caused of humidity, is that which causeth the pores to swell through moistness, so that the Urine cannot pass, as those say, which are troubled with the carnosity: which carnosity is not alteration of the pores through cause of humidity. For the way to cure this kind of retention, is to purge the body with drying Medicines, as Turbite, Scamonie, Euforbium, Eleborus, and such like: and to use drying Unctions, as Vnguento de Lithargirio, or Balsamo, water of Frankincense, Oleum Benedictum of our invention, and such like things, and than eat dry meats, and drink good Wine; and thus the humidity shall be dissolved: So that hereby every one may have the understanding of the cause, and the effect of the same, and the Medicines.   

CHAP. LXI. Of the difficulty of Urine, and of what it is caused, with the order to cure it.  
THere are divers kinds of difficulty of Urine, and are also caused of divers causes, as aforesaid, of the which one is caused of a corrupt humour of the French Pox, and this is one of the chiefest causes that may be in that matter. For we see manifestly, that the said kind of infirmity corrupteth the blood, engendereth evil qualities in the Liver, and distempereth all the body of those that are troubled therewith. Also we may see, that those which are infected with that kind of disease, most commonly have Warts, or Carvoli, Pellaria, Botches, Scabs, tumors, pains of the Stomach, in the Arms and Legs, with a number of other more strange accidents that come through that disease, But when that infirmity infecteth inwardly, it worketh these effects: It bringeth Emeroides, pains in the Entrails, Fluxes of the body, continual spitting, Gonorrea, or running of the Reins, and such like effects. All the which cause difficulty of Urine, of the which difficulty, there useth to engender the Stone, Gravel, Viscosity, Stitch in the side, and divers other mischiefs very hurtful unto the body. The difficulty of Urine may also be caused of divers other infirmities, as of a rotten Catarrh, descension of the head, of the evil quality of the Liver, and such like, as by excessive cold, or heat of the Reins, but let it be as it will, I know these are hard matters to be helped, because it behooveth certain manual practice in that faculty, the which I cannot show in writing: although I have great and high secrets for that indisposition, as concerning the Physic part, the which thou mayest found in divers places of my works. Nevertheless, because I will not leave this Chapter unperfect, I will here name unto thee a most excellent rare man of that Profession, the which is both Doctor and Knight, and is most excellent in cutting out the Stone, and the Rupture, and can remedy the great difficulty of Urine, and heal the Rupture, and heal the infirmities of the eyes, and such like things most excellently, and his name is called Prastecio Stelin Venetiano: the which is at this present dwelling in Venice. And this I have written of that Doctor, because he is one of the most excellent that may be found in that Art.   

CHAP. LXII. To help those that have great burning of their Urine.  
THis infirmity may come of divers and sundry causes.  
Nevertheless, I will treat of some of the principal, and of most importance; and also will show the true order to help them with ease and brevity. The first cause assigned by me is the Stone in the Bladder, and this is in a manner uncurable. The second cause is, the running of the Reinss, the which is taken by companying with women corrupted with the Pox. The third cause is, the proper French Pox, the which is that kind that is called Gonorrea. The fourth kind is a certain corruption that is called Stranguria, the which moveth continually to make water. The fifth cause is the Gravel: there are also other causes, as scorching in the Yard, carnosity, and such like things, the which I will leave for troubling of the Reader. The first cause which is the Stone, is helped by two remedies, the one is with cutting and taking it forth of the bladder, the other remedy is written in this book. The remedy for that which is caused by the running of the Reinss, shall be to take three mornings our Aromatieo, because it resolveth that heat, and extinguisheth the burning. The remedy for that which is caused of Gonorrea, is none other than to cure the principal disease, and to anoint them with our Vnguento magno, and perfume them, and so they shall remain whole. That which is caused of the Strangury, is cured by great purging, and by taking oftentimes our Aromatico. That which is caused of the Gravel, is cured by taking oftentimes our Electuario Angelica, and using to drink Wine distilled with Cherry stones, and Medler stones. That which cometh through carnosity, is cured with an Unguent made of oil of Sulphur, and Vitriol, Aqua real, Oil of Frankincense, and new Wax, all Medicines devised by us, giving you charge, that before you begin to cure them, to seek out the right cause from whence it proceedeth, and so thou shalt help it with brevity and great ease.   

CHAP. LXIII. A Discourse upon the carnosity in the Yard, and the Order to cure it.  
ALthough we have something touched this Infirmity before in the Chapter of the burning of the Urine. Nevertheless, in this place, I mean, something to discourse thereof, because that Surgeons may not be voided of such a noble Secret, to do them honour in their cure of the like disease, for there are many troubled with that infirmity: You shall understand, that this carnosity is an infirmity whose original dependeth of the corruption of the French-Pox, and to show it plainer, it is an Ulcer in the neck of the bladder where the Urine entereth into the Yard. And therefore, if thou wilt help that infirmity, cure the principal disease, and the carnosity will heal; but if thou wilt cure them with the Candle, take that Unguent which is written for the carnosity in the Chapter of the burning of the Urine; but if thou wilt cure the principal disease, give him three times, Pillole aquilone, and than take our Sirrupo Solutivo, ten or twelve days together; that being done, let him take twenty days the Wine of Lignum Sanctum, written hereafter in this Book, and those which understand not this Chapter well, let him look over this Book, and he shall find those Medicines with their Uses.   

CHAP. LXIIII Another Cure for the said carnosity.  
THat carnosity which hindereth the Urine that it cannot come forth, is a certain kind of matter that is engendered in the mouth of the bladder as is showed before, the which is like in all points unto the Emeroids, that come in the neck of the Intestivall about the Fundament, and because it is a gross matter and ulcerated, the Urine passeth with great difficulty, and great burning and pain unto those that are troubled therewith, the which inconvenience if thou wilt help, it were necessary that the body were well purged, and that they keep a diet, and drink the decoction of Hypericon, with a little Honey, and use to eat dry meats, and than make certain small long Candles with Wax, and Frankincense, like unto searing Candles, than make this Unguent. Take read Lead, white Honey, of each an ounce, fresh Butter two ounces, white Wine as much as will suffice to incorporate all the aforesaid together in a liquid form, than boil it on a soft fire, and have ready ten or twelve quills fresh pulled out of the wing of a fat Pigeon; and note that when ye take them forth of the wing, that they may be full of blood in the ends, than take one of the quills and stir the said Unguent upon the fire continually while it boileth, and when one quill is dried take another, and so do until the wine be consumed, than take it from the fire and keep it, and when ye will occupy it, take one of those Candles, and upon the end put the said Unguent, and put it into the Yard until it touch the carnosity, and this do from time to time until the Candle pass without pain, and than the Patient shall be whole; for this is a great Secret and hath been proved many times.   

CHAP. LXV. A Discourse as concerning those that cannot hold their water, and his Remedy.  
THis Impediment cometh of two principal causes, the one is, through heat and moisture of the body, and this is commonly in young children, which commonly do bepiss themselves, because they are by Nature hot and moist. The other cause is through opening of the Pores where the Urine doth pass; the which are so stretched or opened, that they cannot retain the Urine, because the Urine is a voluntary motion, and a natural motion together, they are hard to agreed together, because the natural motion maketh his voluntary motion; so that Nature first moveth the man, and thereof cometh the motion; for if a man would make water, and that Nature doth not move the motion, he cannot piss; for sometime Nature doth not give his natural motion because of some impediment, for when a man cannot hold his water, it is a sign that Nature hath no retention; and to redress the same, it were necessary to reduce Nature into good temperature, so that it may retain the Urine; the which thing thou shalt do with purging the body, and the stomach wherein is the matter that causeth that retention of Urine. And to purge the body you shall use our Syrup against the melancholy humour: And to purge the stomach, you shall take our Electuario angelica, and to restrain the pores, you shall use the decoction of wild Hyssop, with the powder of Mastic, for you shall understand, that the purging taketh away the cause, and the decoction of Hyssop with the Mastic, doth restrain the pores, and so by these means thou shalt remedy quickly that infirmity.   

CHAP. LXVI. To break the Stone in the Bladder and also the Gravel, and to 'cause it to avoid by Urine.  
THere is found a certain bird called Solone, of Albertus Magnus in his Book of Secrets; the which birds are very plenteous in Rome, and are called Palmum bellae, and in Lombardy, Sassarvoli, the which in English I suppose, is called a Ring Dove, or Wood-colver, or the Stock Dove, which Birds are subject to the Stone, that if you keep them in a Cage, and feed them with such meat as they commonly use, being deprived of their medicine, within the space of four or six months at the most, there will engender a Stone in the belly so great, that their meat cannot pass through them, and so choketh them, and they die, and that is because the poor Bird cannot go and help himself with that Medicine which Nature hath taught her. For those that are at liberty in the field, fly unto the Seaside, and there they found a certain kind of small stone very hard, the which stone hath virtue to dissolve the stone in the body of the Bird, and this Bird knoweth it by the instinct of Nature, and eateth great abundance of them, and so dissolveth the stone in their bellies, and live a long time after it without any trouble of the Stone. You shall understand, that this stone is impossible to be found in any other place, than in the belly of the said bird, because they are very little, and man's reason cannot discern them from other Stones, the which being beaten in powder, with the flowers of Elders, and Cinnamon, of each a like, and given to drink with broth, in short time it will dissolve the Stone, and 'cause them to avoid it with their Urine most miraculously: But if you ask me the reason, I know not what I shall answer, but I hold it to be his proper hidden quality and virtue. For truly this I have taught to many, and have seen the experience thereof sundry times, and it cured the most part that did use it. For truly the virtue of Stones are very great unto those that know them. I saw once two Stones in Rome of inestimable virtue; The one was a round Coral like unto the Serpentine Purphire, but therein was much green, and was of that virtue that being laid upon the flesh of a man or woman, it causeth them to piss great abundance, so that it were to be wondered at. The other Stone was of Diasper, but bright and through shining with certain white veins, and was of such virtue, that being laid on a wound, presently the blood stenched, so that there fell not down one drop, The which Stones were in the hand of an old Spaniard, who said, he brought them out of India, from Nova Hispania. I have seen also divers and sundry Stones of most strange virtues. You shall understand, that those Stones of the Bird must be gotten in this order. You shall get a number of the said Birds, and take the stones out of their bellies, and wash them clean, and keep them to thy use. The quantity is as much as you can hold upon a Sixpences, as well of the Stones as of the other matters: You shall drink the said quantity seven or eight mornings together, and let your Diet be according, and drink good wine, and so in short time you shall be helped.   

CHAP. LXVII. Of the Gravel in the Reinss.  
THe Gravel (as is said before, is a disease of the Urine undigested, which is caused of superfluous heat of the reinss and blood, the which sometimes doth stay itself in the Conduits, and causeth great pains; and sometimes it doth engross so in the Bladder, that it letteth the Urine, and this is an evil disease to be troubled with, and the remedy is to purge often, and use that water against the Gravel that is written in my discourse of chirurgery, for it is one of the most excellent remedies that can be found for that disease; and the order to use it is also written after the Receipt, and the best Purgation that you can use for that purpose is our Pillole Aquilone.   

CHAP. LXVIII. Of a certain Scab or Itch that cometh over all the body.  
THis Disease cometh in all places of the body, and in Naples it is called Prurito, and in Rome, Rosura; in Venice, Pizza; and in Spain, Lomezon: And it is a salt humour that cometh forth of the veins, and so disperseth through the whole body between the flesh and the skin, and hath in it such an heat, that they cannot abide it, and is caused of alteration of the blood, the which is corrupted and distempered; and the remedy is, to purge the stomach, and to purify the blood, which thou shalt do with giving them three times our Pillole aquilone every third day once; that being done, make this Bath: Take Nettles, Mallows, Pellitory of the wall, agrimony, Sage, and Coleworts, ana. lb. iiii. the Bran of Wheat almost a peck, common Ashes half as much: Mix them altogether in a great kettle of water, and let it boil an hour, and than take it from the fire and sit over it, and cover thee with clotheses, that thou mayest sweated an hour, than dry thee with warm clotheses, and than wash all thy body with pure Aqua vitae, and this thou shalt use three times at the lest, for the oftener the better, and so thou shalt be perfectly whole.    

The Second Book of the Secrets of PHIORAVANTE.  

CHAP. I What Chirurgery is.  
CHirurgery is a manual Art, with the which the Chirurgeon doth cure Wounds, Ulcers, and Imposthumes: And this was found of Husbandmen, and Experimenters of natural things. For there is no Art in the world, that hath more need of the knowledge of divers things than this Art. It is also necessary to the knowledge of natural things belonging to Chirurgery, to have skill in Husbandry. It is also necessary to understand the Art of Painting, whereby you may set broken bones in their places, and to join or close wounds well. It were needful also to have skill in the Art of Joining, whereby he may make Instruments for broken bones in the Arms, or Legs, or Hands, or other parts. It would be also necessary to have the Art of a Smith, whereby he may make his Instruments. It is chief needful to be expert in the Art of an Apothecary, to make his Unguents. And last of all, it is most necessary to know the Art of Alchemy, whereby he may distil his Oils and Waters appertaining unto Chirurgery. Also it is necessary to have a good judgement, and to help in all causes of Chirurgery, and to have a light hand in working. And when the Chirugian is expert in all the aforesaid things, he may help without any suspicion of any thing. And hereafter I will show thee what Wounds, Ulcers, and Imposthumes are, and all other things appertaining to Chirurgery, and the order to cure them: a discourse grounded on true reason and approved by experience, showing to all men, which are the true and perfectest Medicines, and which are false and naught: writing and opening the true secrets of Chirurgery, with a new order found out by me, to exercise the same Chirurgery with more ease and brevity, so that every one may be satisfied: For they are true, and are Medicines, with the which thou mayest do much good to the sick: and great honour will redound to the Chirurgeon, if he use it according to our order: for they are Medicines proved of us infinite times in divers places of the world, as well in the Fields as in the Cities, or on the waters in the wars, where we healed Wounds, Gunshot, Ulcers, Imposthumes, and other diseases appertaining unto Chirurgery: and always (thanks be unto God) I have had good success, as it is well known in most parts of Christendom. And so I make an end.   

CHAP. II. The order to be used in curing Imposthumes of divers sorts, taken forth of the short discourse of Chirugery of this Author.  
THere are divers kinds of Imposthumes that come unto man's body, and are caused of divers and sundry accidents, and therefore they must be cured in divers orders, and with sundry Medicines, according to his nature: for some Imposthumes are caused of contutions or bruised flesh: Some are certain humours, of which Nature would discharge herself, and so sendeth them forth: some are caused of cold; othersome are melancholy humours, and others are caused of the Pox: And these are the kinds of Imposthumes that most commonly do come, and I will show thee the order to cure them one by one, and than after I will show them particularly more at large by themselves. First, I will speak of that sort which is caused of contutions, because it is bruised flesh: for every contution doth putrify and turn into matter, unto which it were necessary to lay Maturatives, and bring it to suppuration, and as soon as thou perceivest there to be any matter, than presently lance it: and his Medicine shall be the yeolk of an Egg mixed with our Magno licore, and with that dress it as well within as without, without any other thing, for it will help any great Tumour: but you must make your Unguent fresh every day, and with new Eggs. Furthermore, as concerning those Imposthumes that come through the indisposition of Nature, and are certain Sborine (a word so called in Italian) by which Nature would prevail: and those would be left unto Nature, until such time as they break alone, and than thou shalt dress them with this Unguent. Take Oil of Roses ℥. vi. Litarge of gold finely ground, Turpentine, ana ℥. two. Storax liquida ℥. i New Wax ℥. iii boil them on a soft fire until it be black, which if it be too hard, you may put thereto oil of Roses, and make it in form of an Unguent, and therewith dress those kinds of Imposthumes: and say thereon the Cerotte of dia Palma, and so with these Medicines thou shalt work miracles. As concerning these Imposthumes that are caused of cold, you shall use hot Medicines and attractive, as the Cerotte called Oxicroxi, which is a perfect Medicine in these kinds of Imposthumes: also our Balsamo artificiato, and Aqua balfamo, and such like things which are by nature temperate hot, are very convenient. But those Imposthumes that have their original of the French Pox, are evil and malign, because their original is malign and evil. The cure of these is with great pnrging, and to let the Imposthume increase of itself, and when it is ready to lance, than lance it, and make this Medicine. Take Vuguento magno ℥. two. Magno locore ℥. i Precipitate di. ℥ mix them well together, and therewith dress the Imposthume, and lay thereon our Magistrale Cerotte, and it will be perfect whole in short time: Letting you to understand, that in all the aforesaid cures, if you will cure them perfectly, it were necessary that the body were well purged of those corrupt humours that hinder the cure, and to use defensives appropriate to that kind of Imposthume: as the oil of Frankincense, of Turpentine, of Wax, of Honey, Aqua vitae, and such like, which every one is a sufficient defensive, anointing it round about the Imposthume: And hereafter I will show thee the cure of these Imposthumes particularly by themselves.   

CHAP. III. What Imposthumes are.  
IMposthumes are certain tumors or swell, that come in divers parts of the body: the which are caused of blood and choler putrified, which cannot pass through the pores, and therefore engross in that place, and so cometh to putrefaction, and that is an Imposthume: which thou shalt help in this order. First purge the body to take away the humours which would go to the Imposthume: which thou shalt do with our Magistrale Syrup, taking it eight days together: that being done, give him our Aromatico: this being done, thou shalt quickly help the Imposthume, as I will show thee hereafter, with their perfect cure.   

CHAP. IU. Of Imposthumes that come in the Groin.  
THe Imposthumes that come in the Groin are of three kinds, of which one is called in Venice, Pannochi, and at Rome, Tinconie, and at Naples, Dragonello, and in Spain, Incordio. To these after the body is purged, as is aforesaid, you shall lay a Maturative plaster, the which is made thus. Take Marsh Mallows, common Mallows, the mother of Violets, the leaves of Coleworts, Wheat flower, Auxungia, Oil of Lilies, of each alike, and boil them together, and than stamp them in form of an Ointment, and lay it on the Imposthume until it look read and is soft, for than it is apt to be lanced: Giving you charge, that when you lance them you go not to deep, but only that the matter may come forth, and than put therein a little tent, and anoint it with our Magno liquore, for because it is the best Medicine that can be found for wounds: for it mundifieth, incarnateth, and si●catrizeth without any other help, and lay upon the Imposthume our Magistrale Cerot, and never change your Medicines until you be whole; for this is the true secret found out by me to help these Imposthumes, which I have proved infinite times.   

CHAP. V The second kind of Imposthume that cometh in the Groin.  
THe second kind of Imposthume in the Groin is called Glandulae, both this and the aforesaid are caused of humours infected with the Pox, and these Imposthumes seldom come to maturation; but if it do, it will be long first, and it is evil to heal, because it requireth great cure and terrible medicines. But if thou wilt cure them perfectly, it were necessary to cure the principal cause, and that is the Pox. But when these Imposthumes are broke, the best remedy will be this. Take Wax, Litarge of gold, Oil of Frankincense, ana. and boil them together until it become black: and therewith dress these Imposthumes, for this is a perfect remedy, and a great Secret.   

CHAP. VI The third kind of Imposthume that cometh in the Groin.  
THe third kind of Imposthume that cometh in the Groin, is caused of much travel or heat of the blood, and these are called Anguinaglie, and they use to come with a great accident of a Fever, cold and than hot, and in seven or eight days at the most, they come to maturation, and than lance them, and his medicine shall be this: Take Turpentine well washed, the yolk of an Egg, and oil of Roses, as much of the one, as of the other, and mix them well together, and with this only thou shalt help them, because it digesteth the Imposthume, and mundifieth and incarnateth with great speed; giving you great charge that the body be well purged first with our Magistrale Syrup.   

CHAP. VII. Of Impostumes under the arms.  
THese Impostumes are caused of gross and viscous humours, the which Nature cannot digest by any other part, and these commonly are called Topinaria, because they are like to a Molehill. And although this seem to be a great matter, yet it causeth little pain, and may be helped with ease. First purge the body with Soluble Medicines, and than lay on this plaster until it be ripe. Take grated bread, leaven of bread, Cow Milk, Oil of Lilies, ana, and boil them together and lay it on; for this hath virtue attractive and putrifactive, by means whereof it will bring it quickly to maturation; and when it is ripe, open it with a lance, and dress it the first time with the white of an Egg and Salt beaten together with a tent, and lay on a stopine wet with the white of an Egg, the which thou shalt let lie at the lest four and twenty hours, and than dress it with digestive until it be incarnated, and than lay thereon a plaster of Di aquilone magno di mesue, and so thou shalt help them quickly.   

CHAP. VIII. Of Impostumes in the throat.  
THese Impostumes are of divers and sundry kinds, as you may see by experience; for some are Scrophule, others are melancholy humours, others are caused of the Pox, and others are caused of heat, or of cold; the which are all cured sundry ways, as I will show thee hereafter   

CHAP. IX. Of Impostumes in the throat caused of melancholy humours.  
THese Impostumes in throat caused of melancholy humours are hard and crude, and are long before they come to maturation, and you may not in any wise cut them, because the place is full of Muskles, Arteries, Vene capillari, Cartilagines, Sinews, and such like; the which although there come an Impostume there, it shall not hurt them; but if ye cut them with an Instrument you may offend them greatly, and for that cause you may not cut them by any means, but leave it unto Nature, the which will 'cause it to break, and than use this remedy. First, you shall take our Syrup against the melancholy humour for twelve days, continually in the morning fasting; that done, you shall give him our Pillole Aquilone, and help the Impostumes with Vnguento negro di Godfredo di medi, written in the Antidotary of Galen, Cap. 45. for that is miraculous to help those kinds of Impostumes, as I have proved it divers times.   

CHAP. X. Of Impostumes in the throat coming of the Pox.  
THe Impostumes that come in the Throat which are caused of the Pox, are commonly of evil quality, because they are much alterated, and 'cause great pain, and these likewise are dangerous to be cut for the aforesaid causes: but when they are broken, they go creeping over the body, healing in one place, and breaking out in another, and these are evil to be helped, for them that know not the perfect secret, and the order to cure them is this. You shall give them eight or nine mornings our Soluble Syrup; that being done, you shall give them our Aromatico twice, and than let them use Sarsa Parilia, or our wine of Lignum vitae, and let them sweated ten or twelve days together, and than perfume them with Sinabar, Myrrh, and Olibanum, the which fume you shall use only at the mouth, and so thou shalt help any crude kind of Imposthume coming in the throat: for this Secret never faileth, as I have proved divers times.   

CHAP. XI. Of Imposthumes in the throat coming of hot humours.  
THese Imposthumes in the throat coming of superfluous heat, are caused of the blood being alterated with heat, and because of that alteration, it engendereth gross vapours and viscous in Vena Capillari, the which through their grossness and want of digestion cannot dissolve, and so engender that kind of Imposthume in the throat, because in that place there is much blood, and less flesh than in any other place, but yet these be not troublesome to help, and his cure is thus: You shall purge him with aperative things, and refriscative that purge the blood; and when the Imposthume is open, you shall dress it with a digestive until it be mundified, and than dress it with Vnguentum de Tutia until it be siccatrized: Also you shall 'cause them to keep diet ordinary, and to drink no wine but only this drink: Take Citrake, Liver-wort, and Scolopendria, ana a handful, Annifeed ℥. i common white-Honey one pound, than put them all to infuse in four and twenty pound of fair water, and let it boil until a third be consumed, and than strain it without expression, and keep it in a glass close shut, and this shall be his common drink: but let him eat no salt, nor slimy meats in any wise, neither Hog's flesh, nor other hot meats that may altar the blood: And this doing you shall be quickly helped, for the drink cooleth the blood, and purgeth it, and helpeth the Liver of all infirmities, as I have proved divers times.   

CHAP. XII. Of Imposthumes in the threat caused of cold.  
IMposthumes in the throat caused of cold humours are small and without pain, and this goeth creeping by little and little until such time as it breaketh of itself, and are an evil kind to help, because all Unguents are an enemy unto them, and all cold meats. Therefore if thou wilt help them, let the Patient use twenty days together our Quinta essentia solutiva, which purgeth all cold humours, and warmeth the blood, and causeth the Imposthume to heal with ease; and when they are broken, you shall help them with our Balm artificial, which doth subtiliate the humours, and mundify the Imposthume, and incarnate and heal: And this Order of curing is effectual and of great profit for them that shall use them. And of this opinion are many excellent Physicians, and chief M. Decio an ancient man, who hath been an experimenter a long time both in Physic and chirurgery, with a number of others, which I will leave to name until another time.   

CHAP. XIII. Of Imposthumes in the throat coming of hot humours.  
THese Imposthumes coming in the throat of hot humours, is a kind that cometh with redness, and causeth great pain, with an accident of a Fever, and in short time they come to maturation, and break, and than the matter will come forth, and the pain will cease; and these kinds are not evil to heal, and the remedies are these. Assoon as they are broke thou must press it out with thy hand, that being done, you shall have Oleum Benedictum of our invention, anointing the Imposthume within, and lay thereon our Magistrale Cerot, and so thou shalt help those kinds of Imposthumes. For this is our Secret never written before of any man.   

CHAP. XIV. Of Imposthumes in the Eyes.  
IMposthumes in the eyes are like certain white bladders that come about the nose, and the matter that is within them is like the white of an Egg, and these are caused of humidity and moistness of the head, and because they have a conference with the head, they are evil to heal, for they turn to watering Fistula's, which, when they come to Fistula's, continued for ever. But if thou wilt cure them perfectly that they never come again, you must first purge the head with our Aromatico, and that you shall do every five days once for three or four times; that being done, thou shalt anoint the head with Oil of Frankincense the space of a month, and into the eye where the Imposthume is, thou shalt put once a day one drop of our Balm artificial, which will help it and dry the Imposthume, and so in short time thou shalt be helped. For this is the true Secret wherewith thou mayest help those Imposthumes, never known before of any man, and they are much contrary to the Medicines of Mesue, by which our Physicians now adays make their Medicines.   

CHAP. XV. Of Imposthumes in the Ears.  
IMposthumes in the ears are caused of cold and viscous humours, which engross in that part of the body, and 'cause great pain until such time as they are broken, and these Imposthumes are evil to heal. Nevertheless, I will show thee a Secret to take away the pains, and to help it quickly, and that is thus. There is found a certain kind of shell in the Sea, the which is of the length of an hand, and somewhat more, the which, in Venice, and in Istria, in Dalmatia, in Puglia, and in divers other places of the Adriatic Sea, are called Asture, which is like unto a pair of bellowss, the which hath a certain beard, like the hair of a man's head, and it hath a certain attractive virtue, that if they put it into the ear, presently they take away the pain, though it be never so great or extreme: the which virtue cometh through the saltness of it. For this I have proved divers times, and did learn it of our old Fishermen, which knew it by experience. But if it chance that one be troubled and cannot get that thing, they shall take Cantharideses in powder, and put it into the ear, the which will work the same effect, because they be attractive and mundificative: And these are two natural remedies, found out by true experience, and doth more good than any other that I could found.   

CHAP. XVI. Of Imposthumes in the Mouth.  
THese Imposthumes are of divers kinds, and may breed of divers causes: but let them come of what cause soever they will, they 'cause great pain to them that have them, for that they cannot swallow their meat without pain. And therefore I will show thee a general cure for all Imposthumes in the mouth, and that is thus. You shall take our Pillole Aquilone twice: that being done, take our Aqua balsami, and hold it in your mouth as long as you can, and this do three times in a day: than take the juice of Beet roots ℥. i. oil of bitter Almonds ʒ. i. than snuff it up at the nose until it come into the throat: And thus doing, thou shalt help any Imposthume in the mouth, as I have proved divers times. For the Pills cleanse the head, and evacuate the stomach, and hindereth the alteration, the water of Balm doth cure and mittigateth the pain, and the juice with the Oil mundifieth those secret places at the nose and mouth.   

CHAP. XVII. Of Imposthumes in the Joints.  
THese Imposthumes in the Joints are evil, and of hard and crude digestion, because they are caused of great abundance of gross and viscous humours, the which through their grossness cannot pass the Joints, and there remain and come to Imposthume, and these cause extreme pain, because thereunto cometh great abundance of matter, and the remedy is thus. First give him a general purgation, and let him blood on the common vein, and than lay on this plaster. Take Marsh Mallows, common Mallows, Pellitory, and the Mother of Violets, and boil them in water till it be consumed, than stamp them, and put thereto Leavens of bread, Barley flower, Hen's grease, and Hog's grease, according to thy discretion, and set them on a small fire until they be incorporated, than lay this on once a day until it be ripe, and when it is read and soft open it, and dress it with our Magno liquore, and lay thereon our Magistrale Cerotte: and so with these two thou shalt help them, except the Imposthume be of the Pox, for than it will do small good.   

CHAP. XVIII. Of inward Imposthumes.  
THese Imposthumes inwardly are evil to know, and uncertain to cure, because the Patient himself cannot tell in what place they be, though he feel the pain: and therefore all that we reason of in that matter, may be to the contrary. For where a man cannot see with the eye, nor touch with the hand, the matter is doubtful whether it be, or no: and therefore it is best to say little. For these Imposthumes may come of divers causes, and yet cannot tell of what certain cause, and therefore you cannot know which is the true Medicine to help them: but by experience you may do them some good: For (as I said before) Imposthumes never come but through distemperance of Nature, and alteration of the blood. Therefore if thou wilt help them, help first the principal cause, than give them eight or ten mornings our Magistrale Syrup, and than take twice our Aromatico: that being done, use morning and evening our Vegitabile Syrup, and herewith thou shalt help them.   

CHAP. XIX. Of Ulcers, and what they are.  
Ulcers are of divers and sundry kinds, and are engendered of many causes, as hereafter I will show. But first I will writ of those kinds of Ulcers that are caused of Wounds. You shall understand, that wounds in what part of the body soever they be, being imposthumated or cancrenated, they change their names, and are not more called wounds, although their original was a wound. For when it is cancrenated, it is called Vlcera corrosiva, because it goeth eating and creeping on the flesh: but when the wound is imposthumated and full of matter, it is called Vlcera putrida, that is putrified, and it is because it is filthy and stinketh. But when it is neither cancrenated, nor yet aposthumated, but that through some evil disposition the wound is closed, and that there cometh in it evil qualities without alteration, than is it called Vlcera sordida, because therein is evil quality, and it appeareth but little, but it is evil to heal. There be other sorts of Ulcers also, which are caused of divers and sundry kinds of tumors: and the most evil and mischeivious are those that are of tumors caused of the Pox: for unto those there run abundance of evil humours that augment the Ulcer, and they be the worst sort, for they cannot be healed by themselves, except the body be well purged and evacuated of all the humours that are oftensive. There is another kind of Ulcer that cometh of an Imposthume as well hot as cold, and those are more gentle and easy to be helped, if you know the Medicines that are apt to help and dissolve those kinds of Ulcers. These are the three kinds of Ulcers that commonly hap unto men and women through divers causes, as before is said, so that these are the principal causes of those malign Ulcers.   

CHAP. XX. To help Ulcers of all sorts.  
SEeing that Ulcers are of divers and sundry kinds, it were necessary to know of what kind and quality they are, so that thou mayst help them in form and order convenient. And first I will writ of the corrosive Ulcers, as of a wound cancrenated, of Mal di formica, and of other sorts of Ulcers that go creeping upon the flesh. The cure of these kinds of Ulcers is, to apply quickly our Caustick to mortify the evil, which thou shalt do thus. Wet a little Bombast in our Caustick, and therewith wash all the sore, and than leave it so open four and twenty hours without binding it fast, and when four and twenty hours are past, wash the sore with strong Vinegar, and water of a like quantity, with charge that there remain none of the Caustick in the sore: than lay thereon Butter washed with a Colewort leaf, until the asker or dead flesh fall: than take our Cerot Magistrale, with a little Precipitate strewed thereon, and than anoint it with Magno liquore, and lay it upon the sore: for this Cerot helpeth all manner of corosive Ulcers without any other help, and every plaster will serve three or four days, taking them of every four and twenty hours, and making them clean, and than lay them on again. And as for the filthy Ulcer that I have showed of in this Chapter, you shall dress it only with our Vnguento magno, the which, without any other help, will heal them quickly: But you must every four days touch them with Aqua fortis drawn from Precipitate, which water draweth forth the offensive matter, and leaveth it purified and clean. And in all other sorts of Ulcers, our Balm artificial, our Magno liquore, Oil of Wax, and Turpentine, the black Cerot of Godfredo di medi, our Cerot Magistrale with Precipitate, are able to help, be they never so evil. And hereafter I will writ of Ulcers particularly with their cures.   

CHAP. XXI. Of Ulcers, that come in the feet, of corns, or of chaps.  
ULcers that come in the feet may come of divers causes, and are also of divers kinds, as of chaps, of corns, and such like. When they are chaps they come of an hot matter and fiery, as you may see by experience: For the Patient feeleth great heat in his feet, and is always thirsty, the which giveth manifest signs that the humour is hot: and their cure is with cooling purgations, as our Syrup against melancholy humours, taking it ten days together: than take our Pillole Aquilone twice, and so thou shalt take away the heat in the feet: and to help the crepature or chaps, make this Unguent. Take oil of Rofes, Vinegar, and liquid Pitch, ana, and boil them until the Vinegar be consumed, and so being warm, wet a cloth therein, and lay it thereupon, and in short time it will be whole: but if they be corns, you shall cut them unto the quick, and than lay thereon a cloth wet in O leum benedictum, which doth comfort and dry, and quickly take away the pain. But when they are scratching, or as it were scorched, you shall lay thereon Vnguento de Lithargiro crudo, and so thou shalt help them, as I have seen the experience.   

CHAP. XXII. Of Ulcers in the Legs  
THese Ulcers in the Legs are of two kinds, that is, filthy, and corrosive. The filthy Ulcers are caused of cold and moist humours: The corrosive are caused of humours hot and dry: and these are those Ulcers that go creeping in the flesh, healing in one place, and breaking out in another. The filthy Ulcer is stinking and full of matter, and causeth little pain, and their cure is with our Balm artificial, which hath virtue to penetrate, digest, mundify, and incarnate, and heal, when that the body is first well purged: but those that are caused of heat and dryness, you shall cure with the remedy written in the Chapter next abovesaid, and than dress them with our Magistrale Cerot, and put thereon a little Precipitate, and anoint it with Magno liquore, and so thou shalt help them. But if so be it chance the said Medicine do not heal it, you shall perfume them five times with Sinabar, Incense, and Myrrh, and without all doubt thou shalt heal them.   

CHAP. XXIII. Of Ulcers that come in the Knees.  
THese Ulcers in the Knees are gross humours that cannot pass by the Joints downwards, and so remain in those places, and 'cause a fastidious Ulcer, which putteth the Patient to great pains, by reason of abundance of humours that cometh there. And the cure of this Imposthume ulcerated is thus, purge the body with our Soluble Syrup, seven or eight mornings warm: and than give him di. ℥. of Electuaria Angelica, and so thou shalt help them quickly: than dress the Ulcer with Vnguento magno, putting therein a little Precipitate and Magno liquore, and so in short time it will heal.   

CHAP. XXIV. Of Ulcers in the Groin.  
THese Ulcers for the most part are tumors, or Botches, the which through the evil disposition of Nature, and evil Medicines are ulcerated. And of that may come many infirmities, which I will leave to treat of at this time, and I will show thee a remedy. Give the Patient seven or eight mornings our Scluble Syrup cold, and than give him our Aromatico, and after let him use Lignum Sanctum according to our order, and dress the Ulcer with this Unguent. Take Vnguento magno ℥. two. Magno liquore di. ℥. and common Precipitateʒ. two. Mix them well together, for this is the true secret of our invention, never made before of any man, the which I have proved infinite times.   

CHAP. XXV. Of Ulcers in the Arms.  
THese Ulcers are not of so evil nature as those in the Legs, because thereunto come not so many humours, and these are commonly caused of the Pox, the Cure is this. Purge them well with our Magistrale Syrup, seven or eight mornings together, than take Pillole Aquilone, and than anoint them with Vrguento magno every night until the Ulcers remain whole and without pain. Thus have I used divers times.   

CHAP. XXVI. Of Ulcers that come in the Breast and Shoulders, and in the Back and Belly.  
ULcers that come in the foresaid parts, are all caused of Imposthumes of evil qualities, that have not been well healed of the Chirurgeons, which knew not how to remove the cause, and by that means the Imposthumes are become malign Ulcers. He therefore that will cure these Ulcers, it shall be necessary for him to do that which was not done; that is, to remove the cause first, and than the cure will follow with more ease and speed, so there be good regard and consideration had thereof. And yet amongst Ulcers there is one kind that will receive no curation, and they are called Cancri, that are crude and of evil digestion, and go creeping along the flesh, and have a root as it were a Plant: And for those kinds there is found no better remedy to mitigate them, than is our Quinta essentia Vegitabile, for if you put it therein, and lay a cloth wet in the same thereon, it taketh away the pain, in such sort, that it is to be wondered at, and will not suffer it to putrify; it taketh away the stinking, and comforteth the place very much. As concerning the other kind of Ulcer, you must first found out the cause before you can help it, and the cause being found, the cure is easy to found and sure. He therefore that will be diligent, shall not only heal those kinds of Ulcers, but also all other Ulcers.   

CHAP. XXVII. Of Ulcers that come outwardly in all the body.  
THese Ulcers are a kind of fat sore that causeth abundance of matter, which cometh through superfluous humidity of the body and blood, and these are evil to heal, because their Original cometh of the inward parts, and the cure is thus: Give the Patient fourteen days our Potion of Lignum Sanctum, the which is soluble and drying, and purgeth the blood, that being done, anoint the Ulcer with Vnguentum de Lethargiro simple, and so they shall be helped perfectly.   

CHAP. XXVIII. Of Ulcers in the Head.  
ULcers in the Head are of divers kinds, as of Wounds, Contusions, Swell, Scabs and white Skalls, and such like, which come of sundry causes, and are helped divers ways. For the Wounds Ulcerated, are mortified with our Castick, laying it on four and twenty hours, and than wash it with strong Vinegar, until all the Castick be come forth, and after help it with our Magno liquore: The like cure is done in Contusions ulcerated, but the Swell do differ much, for that they are caused of the Pox, and thou shalt cure them with Soluble Medicines: Viz. Take Sarsa-Parilia, and than perfume him five or six times with Sinaber. The Scabs or Crusts are helped with taking three times our Electuary angelica, and than anoint them every night with Magno liquore. The white Scab is helped with our Magistrale Cerot laying on Cantharideses, and so let it lie three days, than take it of, and lay on another like the first, and let it lie other three days, and than anoint the head with Oleum Benedictum continually.   

CHAP. XXIX. Of Ulcers in the mouth, their Kind's and Remedies.  
ULcers that come in the mouth are of divers and sundry kinds, for some proceed of heat in the head, others of cold, others are humours Gallico. Those that come of heat in the head, are as it were scorched with great burning within them, and the cure thereof is in letting blood in the veins under the tongue, and the next day give him one dose of our Electuario angelica, and let him wash his mouth with Planten water, wherein is boiled Tutia prepared, Roch Alum, and Honey of Roses, and this is the true order to cure those kind of Ulcers with speed. Those Ulcers which are caused of cold, are a certain hardness alterated, which cause little pain; and the cure of these is to drink our Vegitabile Quinta essentia, with Mel Rosarum: and dress the Ulcer with Oil of Sulphur and Tartur mixed: And herein consisteth a great Secret worthy to be known, and is of our invention. Ulcers that are caused of Morbo Gallico, if you will cure them, you must first remove the cause, as I have said divers times, and touch them with our Castick. and let the Patient hold his mouth open a good while after, that the Water may run out: And than make a Lavatory of Aqua vitae, Honey, and Oil of Vitriol, and therewith wash the mouth, for these are great Secrets which bring both health to the Patient, and honour to the Professor of this Art.   

CHAP. XXX. Of Wounds and their kinds, and of their secret Remedies.  
Wounds are of divers and sundry kinds. Nevertheless, they consist in two, that is Simple, and Compound. The Simple wounds are those, where the flesh is only offended. The Compound are those, where there is offence of flesh, sinews, veins, and bones, and the cure of either of them is in three manners. The first is a cure pertaining to Nature and not to Art, and that is it which Dogs and other Animals do use, who being wounded, use no other Medicine than to keep the wound clean with their proper tongues, and keep a Diet, and the rest is left unto Nature which worketh well without pains of Medicine, and this is the first. The second is that which is called Canonico, in which there be four operations. The first is, Digestion. The second, Mundification. The third, Incarnation. The fourth, Siccatrisation. The third order is of our invention, and is done in this order, that is; Whensoever a man hath a wound either simple or compound, the first thing that is to be done therein is, to join the parts close together, and stitch them, and dress them with divers sorts of drying Medicines, as I will show thee hereafter in the cure of Wounds, in sundry parts of the body.   

CHAP. XXXI. What Medicines are fittest to heal Wounds outwardly with ease, and in short time.  
HAving declared already what wounds are outwardly, it is necessary also to show the true order to cure them with as much ease, and brevity, as is possible to be done: And first, I will begin with simple wounds that are only in the flesh, without offence of vein, sinew or bone. Although these sorts of wounds are not to be helped with artifice, but only to join the parts together, and if it be necessary also to stitch them, and so leave it unto Nature, the which in short time will heal it, nevertheless if thou wilt help it with artifice the faster, you shall anoint it once a day with oil of Frankincense made by Distillation, as is showed in this Book. But those wounds where there are veins cut, have need to be succoured presently with ingenious artifice, and perfect Remedies to ease and heal them with the most speed that can be, because the veins may join together, without greater offence of the wound, and this Mystery thou shalt do in this order: The first is to join the wound together quickly, and stitch it close as they use to sow bags, and not to leave great wide stitches as they most commonly do; that being done, dress it upon the wound with our Magno liquore, wetting therein a cloth, and laying it on as hot as you may suffer it, than strew thereupon our secret powder, and also round about it, for that subtiliateth the matter that runneth to the wound, and taketh it forth with great ease, and without pain of the wound, and therefore this is one of the most safest Remedies in that case, that Nature with Art can make, and hath been proved an infinite of times by me, and always have had goodly experiences thereof. Also understand that these wounds, where the bones and sinews are cut, have need of great artifice, for they are of great importance. But when there is offence only of the sinews, you shall stitch them presently, and do as I have said before of veins that were cut, but dress them not with Magno liquore, but in stead of that take Oleum Benedictum, and oil of Frankincense, of each alike, because these Oils do comfort marvellously those sinews that are cut. If it chance so, that a sinew had a puncture, or cut half away, in that case it is necessary to cut it overthwart, jest it should bring a Spasm in the wound. But in case afterwards that the bone be offended, and that there be some part to come forth, it were necessary to leave the wound open until the bone be come forth, and than incarnate it; and this thou shalt do with our Balsamo Artificiato, and lay thereon the Cerot of Godfredo di medi, the which helpeth with great speed. And this is the order wherewith thou mayest help all those sorts of wounds before named, and the defensive to use in these wounds is this. Take perfect Aqua vitae made of good Wine, and put therein Hypericon, Millefolly, Viticella, Betonie, and with that Infusion wet clotheses, and lay them for a defensive round about the wound, and thou shalt have good success. Wounds in the head are helped in the order, as those in whom the Sinews are offended. There are divers other sorts of wounds, which may be healed with the aforesaid remedies, as hereafter shall be showed particularly.   

CHAP. XXXII. Of Wounds in the Head, with offence of the brain, and how to cure them.  
Wounds in the head, where there is offence of the brain, are mortal: and there is no Physician that will take them in cure, but he counteth them dead men without any hope. But I by the grace of God and gift of Nature, have found the order to cure and heal them in short time. I remember that when one was wounded in the head in the famous City of Naples, yea, although the brain were not hurt, but that the skin were cut unto the bone, they counted him mortal, but I dressed them, and closed their wounds, and helped them in short space, so that they wondered thereat; and that order I used for the space of seven years that I tarried there, and caused them to walk in the streets, as it is well known unto all those that devil there. And among a number of other, I cured a Portugal that was called, Il Signior Diego di mena, of whom I took away all the bone of the forehead, and every day he came to my lodging to be cured, which I did with great speed, so that it caused every one to marvel thereat. Afterward I went to Rome in the time of Pope Paulus the iiii. Carafa, and always I cured in the same order, and did miracles, of which I call to testimony the Romans. And among the rest, I cured a certain Gentleman called M. Alessandor (I cannot remember his Surname) who was wounded in divers places, and I cured him quickly. After that I cured, and that in short time, a young man that was in manner cut in pieces, and of that M. Jacomo da Perugia, M. Alessandro da Civita, M. Daltilo Hebraeo, all learned Doctors can testify, for they were present. And such like cures I have always done in Venice: But among the rest I will not leave to writ of a great chance, the which is true, and is thus: There is in Venice a rare Poet and Orator and Historiographer, well known unto the world called M. Dienigio Antanagi, who through his evil destiny was wounded in the head, so that it penetrated the flesh and the bone, and entered half a finger breadth into the brain, and there that virtuous man fell to the ground as a dead man, and he lifted himself up to rise, but he could not, but fell down again, and there came a dimness over his eyes, with a vomiting and and a Fever, and the blood would not stint, and he lay in extreme pains, which were all mortal signs: than I being called unto that cure, because he and I were of great familiarity, and presently I shut the wound, and put therein our Aqua balsami, and I anointed all his head with our Balsamo artificiato; that being done, presently the blood stenched, and the pain went away, and the night after he took his rest, and in the morning the Fever was also gone: After that, I dressed him with Magno liquore, wetting clotheses therein, and upon the cloth I strewed the powder of Hypericon: And this Medicine I used eight days, in the which time he came forth of his bed; and shortly after he was perfectly whole, and before six months were passed, it was so siccatrized, that no man could perceive any wound. And of this I have to testimony Venice, Rome, Urbine, Caglie, and all Italy. To conclude this Chapter, I say, that wit the aforesaid order, thou mayest cure any such sort of wound.   

CHAP. XXXIII. Of Wounds in the Head, with Fracture of the Bone.  
Wounds in the Head, with Fracture of the bone, of the common Physicians and Chirurgeons, are counted difficile to be healed, because thereunto belongeth great art or cunning, for they open the flesh and raspe the bone, with many other things, of which here I accounted it superfluous to treat of, because that many be helped without them. For always when the Physician or Chirurgeon, doth defend the wound from alteration and corruption, nature itself will work very well, and heal it without any other aid; but with our Medicines they may be helped with much more speed, because they let the alteration, and defendeth them from Putrefaction, and mittigateth the pain, and the order to cure those kinds of wounds is thus: The first thing that is to be done in those wounds is, to join the parts close together, and dress them upon the wound with our Oleum Benedictum, and upon the oil lay clotheses wet in our Magno liquore, as hot as you may suffer it, and so with these Remedies thou shalt help them quickly, because our Oleum Benedictum taketh away the pains, and keepeth it from putrefaction, and repercusseth: Our Magno liquore digesteth, mundifieth, and incarnateth, and healeth. And therefore this is the best Medicine that can be used in these kinds of wounds. For hereof I have had an infinite of experiences, the which have been counted Miracles, and therefore I have let the world to understand thereof, that they may help themselves, if occasion shall serve; therefore he that will follow this our order in curing, shall work Miracles on the earth.   

CHAP. XXXIV. Of Wounds in the Head, where the bone is not offended.  
Wounds in the head where the bone is not hurt, are not of so great Importance, but are easy to be helped; for you shall need to do nothing, but to keep it from putrefaction, and defend it from inflammation, which are easy to be done, and so Nature will work well with great speed. To keep the wound from putrefaction, you shall anoint it round about with our Oleum Philosophorum de Terebinthina & Cera. And to keep it from Inflammation, you shall wash it with our Quintessence, and upon the wound dress it with our Magno liquore. Thus doing thy cure shall prospero happily, and you shall not need to take away any blood, nor yet to keep any diet, nor yet to keep the house, but to go where you think good, without any peril or danger. And this Order I have used a long time, as divers Cities can testify.   

CHAP. XXXV. Of Contusions, or bruises, as well in the head, as other places.  
COntusions, or bruises in the head, or any other place of the body, of the ancient Physicians hath been counted dangerous to heal. For, they say, that Contusions must be brought to putrefaction, and turned into matter: which opinion I do not allow: For by me those Contusions or bruises, are very easy to be dissolved without maturation: And that I do with our Oleo benedicto, and Magno liquore, as much of the one as of the other mixed together, and made very hot as you may suffer it, and than wet clotheses therein twice a day, and in three or four days at the most, they shall be resolved: and this it doth, because this remedy assubtiliateth the humours, and openeth the pores, and draweth forth the matter that is run unto the place offended, and so by those means they shall be helped. With this remedy I have cured hundreds when I was in the wars in Africa, in Anuo 1551. when the said City was taken and destroyed by the Camp of Charles the fifth Emperor.   

CHAP. XXXVI. Of Wounds in the neck, and the order to be used in curing them.  
Wounds in the neck are very perilous, and hard to be cured, and long before they will heal: and this cometh because in it are all the ligaments of the head, as bones, sinews, veins, flesh, and skin, all instruments that hold the head and the body together, without the which a man cannot live: and therefore those wounds are so perilous to be healed, seeing thereunto runneth so great quantity of humours, that they will not suffer the wound to be healed. The true way therefore to help these wounds, is to stitch them well in his place, and dress it upon the wound with clotheses wet in Oleum benedictum one part, and Magno liquore three parts mixed together, as hot as you can suffer it: and upon the cloth lay the powder of Mille folly: and this thou shalt do once in four and twenty hours, and so thou shalt help them quickly; giving you great charge, that you change not your Medicine, for this mundifieth, incarnateth, and healeth the wound without any further help: For I have proved it an infinite of times.   

CHAP. XXXVII. Of Wounds in the arms, and their importance, and Medicines.  
Wounds in the arms are dangerous, for that there also are a great number of Sinews, Cartilagines, Veins, Muskles, and other dangerous things, as it is well seen in wounds of the arms, how that many times thereunto runneth abundance of humours, and there cometh alteration, inflammation, and imposthumation, which hurteth the Patient much. Therefore in this case, I will show thee a rare secret, wherewith thou shalt help any sort of wound in the arm, without any alteration, and with little pain, and the secret is this: Dress the wound up on the upper parts with our Magn● liquore very warm, without any tenting at all: and this do once a day and no more, and in any wise change not your Medicine: For with this thou mayest help all wounds in the arms with great speed: and it is one of the greatest secrets that can be used for wounds in the arms, and proved by me infinite times.   

CHAP. XXXVIII. Of Wounds in the breast, as well piercing through, as other.  
ALl wounds in the breast are troublesome, and very dangerous, as well they that pierce into the body, as others. And the cause is, for that the parts of the breast are compounded of Skin, Cartilages, Sinews, Flesh, and Bones. So that it cannot be but troublesome and perilous. For where the sinew parts be hurt, there ariseth ever great pain, which for the most part bringeth Fevers, and other accidents, and therefore is evil to cure. The cure of them is with our Balsamo and Quinta essentia. For the one taketh away the pain, and the other keepeth from alteration. But when they are piercing into the body, they are most dangerous, because the Chirurgeon cannot tell certainly what part within the body is offended or hurt. Either the Liver, or the Lungs, or the Milt, or any other particulars. Moreover, there is another matter which maketh it dangerous, which is, when they are penetrating, the matter that proceedeth from the Wound falleth into the body, as well as out. And remaining in the body causeth putrefaction, than Fevers follow, and commonly death. Wherhfore in this case, 'cause the Patient to vomit, and to keep slender diet, because the humour should not altar to the damage of the wounded. And to preserve him from putrefaction, you shall anoint all his body over with our Balsamo, and let him drink our Quintessence morning and evening. And this done the cure shall prospero, or else there is no hope by any other means.   

CHAP. XXXIX. Of Wounds in the belly, and in the reins, and their affects and Medicines.  
Wounds in the belly are doubtful, and very uncertain to cure, because it is impossible to know how they are, or of what importance they be: for although ye may see the Orifice where the Weapon went in, yet ye cannot know what offence it hath done in the interior parts, and therefore they are hard to be helped, and worse to judge of, and for that cause I will not stand long in reasoning thereof: for I have determined not to speak of things uncertain and doubtful, but only of things that may be proved by reason and experience. And because those wounds be uncertain, I will writ nothing of them, for fear of hiding the truth: but I will writ of those in the reins or back, and first I will show what the reins are, because every one may comprehend my reason. It is to be understood, that our bodies are made all of sensible things: as inwardly, the Stomach, the Heart, the Liver, the Lungs, the Belly, the Milt, the Guts, with a number of other things which are not common, or known to all men, as those which I have spoken of. The rest of the man is made of Cartilagines, of Veins, of Muskles, of Flesh, of Skin, and other particulars of small importance to know, because the wise, learned, and reverend, my Lord Canan Ferrarese, hath writ thereof better than ever any in the world hath done, and therefore if you believe not me, believe his writing set forth in print. But to return to our purpose, I say, that God hath compounded the man naturally of all these things that I have spoken of: and because they are soft and tender, he hath placed the bones in the midst of them to strengthen them, and to keep them straight, etc. And from the shoulder to the thigh, he hath made a great pillar, of many pieces of bones joined together: On the one part whereof groweth the ribs, which holdeth the flesh, skin, and other particulars fare from the interiours: and upon that bone on the outward side, are the magistral sinews that descend from the head, and bind all the back together, and reacheth down unto the feet. Therefore (this being true that I have said) wounds in the head are very dangerous in all his actions, and their cure very hard, because all those senses that give nourishment, pass by the reins downward to the lower parts: and most commonly when a man is wounded in those places, he remaineth lame on the leg that is on that part, and being, as it is, hard and dangerous, the cure of it, according to the Canons of the Ancients, is also perilous; because in those places where so many particulars do meet and communicate, there aught not in any wise to be putrefaction, or digestion, but to preserve: You may not bring it to maturation, but to keep it from it; you may not incarnate, but with speed heal it up: and so in this order the cure shall succeed well, and without danger. And this I will show unto every one, because he shall profit by our doctrine to the glory of God, and health of the wounded. When one is wounded in those parts, I counsel that the Chirurgeon presently shall close the wound with all his diligence, putting thereupon of our Quinta essentia, and instead of a defensive our Balsamo, and upon the wound lay a cloth wet in our Magno liquore, and upon the cloth strew our secret powder for wounds, and following this order, he shall be reputed for an excellent Chirurgeon above all other: and this is the mere truth as by most evident proof thou shalt more largely found.   

CHAP. XL. Of Wounds in the Legs, and those parts.  
Wounds in the Legs are in manner of the same quality as those in the arms, because the Legs are of their proper quality and Nature compounded of the like substance that the Arms are, that is, skin, flesh, muskles, veins, sinews, and bones. And these when they are offended, or wounded, are very perilous, because unto them runneth great quantity of humours. And in the Legs are certain deadly places as a man may say: As the hinder part of the Caulf of the Leg: And the middle of the inner side of the thigh: The Ankle and the foot are all places troublesome and curious to heal, when they are wounded. And therefore to heal them according to the manner of the Ancients, it were great trouble to the Chirurgeon, and pity to see the pain of the Patient. Wherhfore in no wise use not the Medicines of the Ancients, but when thou hast occasion, join unto the skills of thy Art, the use of these Medicines, our Quinta essentia, Balsamo, Magno Liquore, Oleo Benedicto, Oleo di Rasa, Oleo Philosophorum, any of these, or such like, which are incorruptible, which by their proper quality assubtiliateth contusions, pierceth to the bottom of Wounds, keepeth the flesh in his natural calidity and humidity, preserveth from putrefaction, and naturally maketh the flesh to join and grow together, and that in short space. Therefore consider well which worketh better effect, ours or the Ancients: And use them at thy discretion.   

CHAP. XLI. Of wounds that pierce into the body, and of their danger.  
Wounds that pierce into the body are very perilous and mortal, because the most part of them cannot be cured by ordinary means, and especially when the interiours are ulcerated: In that case the Physician not seeing it, nor knowing the truth of the wound, cannot apply convenient Medicines, therefore he shall be much less apt to heal them, and therefore you must stand to the benefit of Fortune. And of this I will discourse nothing, for that it will be hard for me to show that thing, that I cannot see with mine eyes, nor touch with my hands: And because this discourse cannot be approved of the truth, and of experience, I will not meddle therewith in any wise: Nevertheless, I will writ of those sorts of wounds that are penetrative, and yet not offend the , for those may be helped with ease, as I have cured a great number, and among the rest in Anno 1551. in the month of June (as I remember) the 17 day, being in the Army of Naples to, go to Africa, there happened a great chance which was thus: The Captain General of the Galleys of Fiorenza, named Il Signior Giordano Orsino sitting at the Table with divers Captains and Gentlemen, among the rest there was one Captain falling in talk with another, sitting at the same Table, took a loaf of bread, and flung it at his face, than Signior Giordano seeing that little respect of the Captain, rose from the Table and took him by the collar, and gave him five Stoccadoes in the breast to have slain him, and left him lying: That being done, the said Signior Giordano repent him, and seeing that he was not yet dead, called for me being in the Galley with Don Garsia de Toledo my General, and when I came, I found the poor Captain almost dead; whom I dressed with our Balsamo artificiato, and twice a day I gave him to drink of our Quinta essentia, and gave him meats of good nourishment, and I never put tent into the wound, and in three days he was helped, and of this the whole company, that was in the Galley can testify, and especially the said Signior Giordano who did the fact. Than afterwards in Africa I cured an infinite number that were wounded in divers manners. And of these Experiences I have done and do yet daily, in so much that if I should writ of them, it would be redious, and therefore I will stand not longer about matters concerning wounds, because I have written a Discourse upon Chirurgery, and Il Capricio Medicinale, in the which I have declared many things most profitable in the same.   

CHAP. XLII. A Discourse upon old wounds which are not yet healed, with their Remedies.  
WHen that wounds are evil healed, and that therein cometh Imposthumation, and that the part wounded be indurated and full of pain. Than use this Secret of our Invention, which was never yet seen or heard of by the Ancients, nor yet in our time but of us. When thou findest such a case, wash the wound well, and make it clean round about, and than wash it with our Qvinta essentia Vegitabile, and bathe it well through, for that the said Quintessence doth open the pores, and assubtiliateth the matter, and causeth the humour to come forth. This being done, anoint all over with our Magno liquore, and this doing, within three days the Patient shall feel great ease, and in short time after he shall be whole. This is one of the noblest Medicines that can be made, for it taketh away the hardness, healeth the wound, and comforteth the place offended.   

CHAP. XLIII. A rare Secret to heal wounds of Gun-shot, Arrows or such like in the wars, when they require haste.  
IF thou wilt cure those wounds, presently join the parts together, and wash it with our Aqua Celestis and Oleum Balsami of our invention, and lay a cloth wet in the same thereon.   

CHAP. XLIV. To heal a Wound quickly.  
Wash the wound well with our Aqua Balsami, and close it up, and thereupon lay a cloth wet in the Oil of Frankincense, and so by this means thou shalt help any great wound quickly, for I have proved it infinite times, to my great honour.   

CHAP. XLV. To help a Wound quickly, that is in danger of any accident.  
Wounds in some parts of the body, are very dangerous of life, and specially where the sinews be cut or pierced, or veins or muskles hurt, or bones broken, and by an infinite of other particulars, which being open, or evil healed, the Patient may be in danger of life, because the wind entereth in, and they 'cause pains and inflammation, and therefore to avoid all these aforesaid matters, so that the wound shall have no detriment, use this remedy. First, join the parts close together, and put therein our Quintessence, and lay thereon a cloth, wet in our Balm, and bind it fast that the air get not in, for it is very hurtful. Ye shall understand that these are two of the excellentest Medicines that may be found, because our Quintessence doth assubtiliate the blood, and taketh it forth, and taketh away the pain, and the Balm doth warm and comfort the place offended, and will not suffer any matter to run thereunto by any means, for this is most true, as I have proved divers and sundry times, and always have had good success.   

CHAP. XLVI. To stay the Flux of Blood in Wounds.  
When there is a Flux of Blood in any wound, by reason of some vein that is cut, and that the Chirurgeon would stop it. It is necessary that he put into it our Quintessence, and than to stitch it up very close and hard, and upon the wound strew the blood of a man dried, made in powder, and lay upon the blood a cloth wet in our Balm artificial very warm, and upon that bind the wound very strait with ligaments. And every day twice wash it with our Quintessence, and round about it anoint it with our Balm, and also cast thereon our secret Powder for wounds; and that do Morning and Evening every day, without opening the wound. And in short time it will remain well. Giving you charge that the wounded person do keep no strait diet, because Nature being weak, relaxeth the veins, and that causeth the flux of blood.   

CHAP. XLVII. Another for the same.  
FIrst, stitch the wound close, than cast thereon man's blood, and bind it somewhat hard, so let it remain 24. hours, and when you unbind it, take heed you remove nothing, and cast thereon more dried blood, and anoint it round about with Oleum Philosophorum de Terebinthina & Cera, and bind it up again other four and twenty hours, and than bind it gently, and anoint the wound with Oil of Frankincense, and in short time it will be perfectly whole.   

CHAP. XLVIII. A Defence to be laid upon wounds.  
TAke perfect Aqua vitae, of good wine, what quantity you will, and put therein Hypericon, Millefolie, Viticella, and and betony, ana, than let it stand certain days close stopped, and when ye will use it, wet a cloth therein, and lay it round about the wound. And thou shalt have thy intent, to the great satisfaction of the Patient.   

CHAP. XLIX. Our Secret Powder for Wounds.  
TAke Hypericon flowers and leaves, Millefolie, and Viticella, ana, stamp them well together, and strew it upon the wound, and round about the wound when it is dressed, for it doth defend it from accidents.    

The Third Book of the Secrets of LEONARDO PHIORAVANTE.  

CHAP. I. In this third book is showed the order to make divers Compositions, appertaining both to Physic and Chirargery, with the hidden virtues of sundry Vegetables, Antmals, and Minerals, well approved by this Author, and first of his Petra Philosophale, the which helpeth against all diseases that happeneth unto man and woman.  
THere hath always been a great questioning among the Philosophers, whether that one Med cine might help against all diseases or no. The which I affirm, and will approve with sufficient reason, that the Petra Philosophale, made of our invention, may help against all the infirmities that cometh unto man's body, and two only reasons I will show thee with brevity: The first of them is this, that all sorts of infirmities have their original and beginning of the Stomach, and to know the truth, ye may see manifestly, that if the body be never so little infirmed, the stomach is also grieved: For ye may see how the Animals terrestrial, never help themselves of other infirmity than of the stomach, and when they will help themselves, they eat herbs, the which causeth them to vomit, and this doth signify that they have no other infirmity, than the aforesaid; so by the experience of the Animals, I approve that the infirmity is caused of the stomach, and this is the first reason. The second is, that all the Medicine, wherein our Petra Philosophale is put, as soon as they are come into the stomach, it draweth unto it all the evil humours of the stomach, and also of the whole body, and mixeth with them, and so nature sendeth them forth by vomit, or by siege, or both, and so the stomach shall be evacuated of that matter, and the body remain free from all impediments of infirmities, so that by this reason I affirm, that our Petra Philosophale may help against all sorts of infirmities. And to know the truth, I have proved it by experience in all manner of infirmities, and always have found it to do much good unto all men, and hurt none unto my knowledge, and the order to make this Petra Philosophale, is thus.  
Take Sal Niter, roche Allome, Vitriol Romain, of each two pound.  
First, dry the Vitriol in an earthen pan, and than beaten it to powder, and mix it with the other matters, and put thereunto four ounces of Sal Gemmae, than put it in a Coord with his head, and a Receiver well luted, and distil it in a wind furnace, so that ye may make fire with wood, and at the first make small fire, and so increase it according to Art, and always lay wet clotheses on the Head and Receiver, and that thou shalt do, because the spirits of the water shall not she away. Ye shall understand, that in the beginning of your distillation, the Receiver will wax read like blood, and than turn white, and at the last, when ye give it strong fire, it will turn read again, and those are the pure spirits of the Aqua fortis, and than at the end, the Receiver will turn white again, and than it is ended: than let it wax cold, and than keep it in a glass close shut, to make our Petra Philosophale.  
Than take Mercury one pound, quick Lime ℥. vi. Soap ℥. iiii. common Ashes ℥. iii Mix them together in a Mortar of stone, and than put them into a Retort, and distil it with a strong fire until all the Mercury be come forth into the Receiver, than take it forth, and keep it in a glass to make thy Composition, the which is made thus.  
Take the water that thou madest first, and put it into a Gourd of glass being well luted, and than put in the Mercury that thou didst distil before. After that take Steel in thin plates ℥ i Iron also in thin plates ℥. two. Fine gold in leaves, the weight of ʒ. two. and put them altogether in the glass, and presently set on the Head, for it will begin to boil, and 'cause read fumes like blood, the which thou shalt receive in a Receiver, and presently set thy glass in the Furnace, and give it fire until all the water be come forth with the fume. Than let it cool, and keep that close in a glass, than break that other glass that stood in the fire, and in the bottom thou shalt found our Petra Philosophale, the which thou shalt grind fine, and searce it into most fine powder, and than wash it well with Vinegar distilled, and dry it again, and at the last wash it with Rosewater, and dry it very well, stirring it continually over the fire, than keep it as a precious Jewel close in a Glass.  
For the order to use it, I will writ hereafter in sundry places: Ye shall understand, that the water which ye distilled away from the stone, will serve for the same purpose again: But ye must take but half the quantity of the aforesaid matters; and when ye have distilled it again from the stone, ye shall preserve it for an infinite number of purposes, as I will show thee hereafter.   

CHAP. II. To make our Balm artificial, with the order to use it, and wherefore it serveth.  
THis Balsamum hath all the virtues of the natural Balm, although not in quality, yet in virtue, and the order to make it is thus.  
Take Venice Turpentine one pound, Oil of Bays that is perfect without mixture ℥. iiii. Galbanum ℥. three Gum Arabia ℥. iiii. Olibanum, Mirrba elect, Gum Hedera, of each ℥. three Lignum Aloes, Galingall, Cloves, Consolida minore, Cinnamon, Nutmegs, Zedoaria, Ginger, Diptamum album, of each ℥. i. Musk of Levant, Ambergriece, of each ʒ. i. Beat all those aforesaid things together, and put them into a Retort of glass well luted, and put thereto six pound of rectified Aqua vitae without phlegm, and so let it stand eight days, and than distil it by Sand, and there will come forth a white water mixed with Oil, and so keep thy fire small, until there come forth a blackish Oil, than change thy Receiver, and set thereto another, and increase thy fire until all the spirits be come forth, than separate the Oil from the black water, and keep them by themselves, and the like shall ye do by the first water. The first water that is white, is called Aqua del Balsamo, and the Oil separated from that, is called Oleum del Balsamo. The second water that is black, is called Mater Balsami, and the Oil separated from that water, is called Balsamo artificiato, the which would be kept as a precious Jewel.  
The first water is most excellent to clear and preserve the sight of the eyes, also the face being washed therewith, it maketh it very fair, and preserveth it youthfully, it keepeth back age, it breaketh the gravel in the reins, and provoketh Urine, the which is stopped through carnosity, it helpeth all manner of wounds, in what place of the body soever they be, if ye wash them with the said water, and wet therein clouts and lay thereon, for his operation is so strange, that it seemeth rather divine than human. It helpeth much against the Etisie, and against all sorts of Catarrhs, and Cough. If ye wash a Sciatica therewith, and lay thereon a cloth wet in the same, it taketh away the pain presently.  
The other water called the Mother of Balm, helpeth Scabs in short time, if ye wash them therewith: so doth it help the white Scall, Lepra, and all sorts of Ulcers that are not corrosive, most miraculously to see, and without any trouble. It serveth also against a number of other infirmities, the which I will let pass at this time.  
The Oil of Balm doth serve for an infinite number of things, and especially for wounds in the head, where the bone and pannicle is hurt, putting it therein. It preserveth the face if ye anoint it therewith. It is most excellent against the Pleurisy, giving thereof ʒ. i. at a time with the water of Balm.  
The Balm artificial is a miraculous liquor, for if any have the stitch in the side, and take ʒ. two. thereof, it presently will help him. It is also good against the Cough, and Catarrh, and coldness in the head and stomach, and for wounds in the head. It is a most Sovereign remedy, if ye anoint all the head therewith once a day, because it pierceth into the brain, and also unto the stomach beneath. It resolveth a Quartan in short time, if ye anoint all the body therewith, leaving no part. And to be short, I know no disease, neither hot, nor yet cold, but that this Bulsamum doth good unto, as well the hot diseases as the cold, because it cooleth the hot and heateth the cold, and this it doth by his quality and hidden virtue, so that I have found in this precious liquor, such great virtues, that I am not able to declare them all; so that every one, the which is furnished with this precious Balm, may be kept from infirmities, and shall not need to seek the natural Balm, with so much expenses, and danger of the life, as hath been many times seen.   

CHAP. III. To make our Aromatico, the which helpeth against all manner of infirmities, of what quality soever they be.  
ARomatico Leonardo, is so called, because it was compounded and made by his invention, and is a miraculous Medicine, that serveth against all manner of diseases, of what quality soever they be, for it worketh this operation, that is, assoon as it joineth to the stomach, it draweth to it all the evil humours of the body, and embraceth them, and carrieth them forth by vomit and siege, and so leaveth Nature unburdened, the which may prevail to his pleasure, because it hath no impediment, and by this reason I approve that our Aromatico helpeth against all diseases; as is said before, and the order to make it is thus.  
Take fine Sugar ℥. iiii. pure Pearls, Musk, Saffron, Lignum Aloes, Cinnamon, ana. ℈. i. Petra Philosophale, ʒ. iiii. mix them together, and make thereof Lozanges with Rosewater according to Art, the which ye shall keep in a box of wood close shut, and the order to use it is thus, that when the Physician doth go to visit any sick person, and that he will prepare him some Medicine to take inward, the best and most perfect Medicine that he can ordain is our Aromatico, because it evacuateth the stomach by vomit, and the body downward, and his operation is such, that it doth in manner help any crude sort of infirmity, and the quantity is from i ʒ. to two. and may he taken in broth, in wine, in water, or mix it with any Pills, or Potion, giving you charge, that when ye put it in any Potion, that ye leave none in the bottom of the cup where ye drink it out, because the Petra Philosophale, is heavy, and will remain in the bottom, for if that remain it will not work at all, giving you also charge, that the said day that ye give this Medicine, that ye let the Patients drink as much crude water as they will, and give them little meat to eat that day, and this is the order to use this Medicine.   

CHAP. FOUR To make our Electuario Angelico, and the order to use it, and in what diseases.  
ELectuario, Angelico Romano is so called, because it was compounded of me in the City of Rome, in the time of the Pope Paulo quarto, and because this composition worketh divinely, I called it Angelico, and is most excellent against many diseases, it is good against all sorts of Fevers, giving it Perminorativo, and for the stitch in the side it is most rare, because it taketh away the viscosity in the Stomach, and openeth the Pores, and is good against the Gout; for if they take it every third day once, in ten days they shall be helped. It is also good against the Cough, Catarr, and for the Milt, and for those that have the Pox, or the running Cout, and such like influences, and the order to make it is thus:  
Take Saffron, Lignum alves, Cinnamon, read Coral, anaʒ. iii Ell●borus niger, without preparation, ℥. two. Electuario d● succo resarum Mesue, that is not too much boiled ℥. vi. Sugar Rosate ℥. viij. Musk of Levant ʒ. i. Petra Philosophale, ℥. iii our Quintessence of wine ℥. two. purified Honey as much as will suffice to make it in form of an Electuary, myxe them on a small fire in an earthen pan, and when it is made, keep it in a of glass, for any other vessel will not be good. This Electuary ye may mix with any soluble Medicine, but ye must take it fasting, the quantity is from ʒ two. to ʒ. iiii. Ye shall understand, that this in a manner reviveth the dead by his great virtue, as hath been seen many thousand times in Venice, and in Rome, most worthy of memory: And therefore if any Physician desire to get fame in the world, let him use our Electuario Angelica, the which worketh miracles on the earth.   

CHAP. V Our Syrup Solutivo, with the Order to use it.  
Soluble Syrups made in decoction are very wholesome and of great faculty, and specially in the crudity of humours, and the reason is this, because it disperseth the matter, and evacuateth it with great ease, and without danger or trouble of the Patient, and the order to make it is thus.  
Take Sage, Rew, Rosemary, Wormwood, Chicory, Carduus Sanctus, Nettles, Organie, of each a handful; Figs, Raisins, Dates, sweet Almonds, Sal gem. ana ℥. iiii. Coloquintida, Aloes hepatica, Cinnamon, Mirabolani citrini, ana ℥. two. common Honey two pound, stamp them all grossly, and put them to infuse in eighteen pound of fair water, than boil it till half be consumed, than strain it, and distil it by a filter, and aromatise it with two carats of Musk, and a pint of Rosewater, and than it is made, the which ye shall keep in a bottle of glass close stopped, the quantity is from ℥. iiii. to ℥. vi. In Winter you shall take it very warm, and in the Spring and Autumn, ye shall take it but warm. In Summer ye shall take it cold, for this purgeth the gross humours of the body, and hurteth not the stomach, you may use it in a Fever four or five days together, and it will help it. In crudity of humours, as the French Pox, Gouts, Catarrhs, Doglie Artetich, and such like matters, where there is no accident of Fever, ye may take it ten or fifteen days together, and cannot hurt by any means, for it purgeth most excellent; it is given against the Cough, against Flux of of the Urine, and pains in the head, and carnosity in the Yard, for the Emeroids; and in sum, it is good against all diseases caused of corrupt humours, for it hath such virtue, that it draweth from all parts, and evacuateth the humours intestinall, for of this Syrup I have had great experience, in such persons as were in manner banished and had lost their taste, and presently using this, they came to their good temperature, and I have used it an infinite number of times in persons that were ulcerated, and full of sores, evil handled of Fortune, and of the infirmity, and finding no means to cure them as they should be: I gave them this Syrup fourteen or fifteen days, and than they were cured, with a number of other things, the which would be too long to writ, and therefore I would wish every one to use this, not only in the aforesad matters, but in all other diseases.   

CHAP. VI Our Sirrupo magistrale Leonardo, the which serveth against an infinite number of Diseases.  
THis Syrup is solutive, and very pleasant to use, and cannot hurt in any wise, the which is seldom seen in other Medicines, and the order to make it is thus.  
Take the leaves of Sine, ℥. two. fumitory, Maidenhair, Harts-tongue, Liverwort, Epitimum, Ellemo, Pollipedie of the Oak, the flowers of Borage, of bugloss, Liquorice, of each ℥. three Coloquintida, Elleborus niger, Aloes Hepatica, Mirabolani Indi, ana ℥. i Prunes xiiii. Sebestien xii. Tamarise ℥. i. Stamp them grossly, and infuse them in ten pound of fumitory water, than boil it until the consumption of the third part, and than strain it, and in that which is strained put these things: Syrup of Staecados one pound, Saffron ℈. i. Mel Rosarum, ℥. vi. rectified Aqua vitae, ℥. iiii. Musk ʒ. i. The Muslege of Marsh Mallows ℥. iiii. Benzoin, ℥. i. Rosewater, ℥. iii and than it is made, the which ye shall keep in a glass close stopped, and keep it in a temperate place, and this you must take warm; the quantity is from ℥. two. to ℥. iiii. and it is a most safe Medicine to be used without keeping of any diet. It helpeth those much that have Pellaria, Scabs, Emeroids, and such like diseases, and may be given unto a woman with child, without any danger, when she shall have occasion to use any.   

CHAP. VII. Our Syrup against the melancholy humour, and specially where there is ventosity in the Stomach.  
IT were necessary for those that will make this Syrup, to be expert in the Art, for it would be made with great diligence, and the order to make is thus:  
Take water of fumitory, of Hops, of Wormwood, of Maidenhair, of each five pound. Than with this water thou shalt make a decoction with these things that follow.  
Take Pollipodium of the Oak, one pound, Sine leaves, Epitimum, ana ℥. iiii. Cordial flowers two handfuls, Maidenhair one handful, Liquorice, Raisins, Cinnamon, of each ℥. two. The four Cold seeds, ℥. two. Make thereof a decoction according to Art, and strain it, than take four pound of that Decoction, and put thereto the juice of Bourage, of bugloss, of Hops, of each ℥. two. common Honey, ℥. vi. than with white Sugar make a Syrup in good form, and aromatise it with Musk and Amber, putting thereto i ℥. of Plyris with out Musk, and than it is made. The dose is from ℥, iii to ℥. iiii. in the morning warm, and fast thereon at lest three or four hours, for this purgeth marvellously the melancholy humours, and all other gross humours, and dissolveth wind, and comforteth the heart, etc.   

CHAP. VIII. Our Potion of Lignum Sanctum, the which is miraculous to dissolve crude, and malign humours, with the order to use it, in the French Pox, and such like diseases.  
BEcause the Pox is a disease contagious, putrified, and corrupt, and worketh many evil Effects, as I have written in my Caprici Medicinali. Therefore it were necessary to prepare most excellent and rare Remedies to dissolve the same, which Medicines are infinite.  
But in this Chapter I will writ one, that purgeth the crude and viscous humours downwards, and doth assubtiliate the gross humours, and drieth all sorts of subtle humours that offend Nature, and sendeth them forth by sweat: It drieth the melancholy humour, and dissolveth choler, and is most wholesome for those that are troubled with that disease, because it drieth much and dissolveth the disease, with many other good effects, as by experience thou mayest see, and the order to make it is thus.  
Take the Bark of Lignum Sanctum grossly beaten one pound, and lay it in steep in fourteen pound of fair water, 24 hours, than boil it until four pound be consumed, than put thereto Pollipodie of the Oak, ℥. two Cicory one handful, Aloes hepatica, ʒ. iiii. and let them boil for an hour, and put thereunto the leaves of Sine, Epitimum, ana ℥. i. Coloquintida, ʒ. vi. Sugar ℥. viij. than let it boil till half be boiled away, and that there remain seven. pound, than strain it, and put it in a glass with xii. grains of Musk, and keep it very close stopped, and this is the Syrup, the which ye shall take twice a day, that is morning and evening; than make this drink following, the which shall be the common drink at all times to your meat.  
Take a pound of Lignum Sanctum, Raspead, and steep it in ten pound of white wine that is ripe, and let it boil an hour, than put thereto fifteen pound of fair water, and let it boil a little more, and than strain it, and keep it in a glass bottle, for this is to be used all the day time, and the order to use these is thus.  
First, when any feeleth himself grieved with the Pox, or any such like disease, he must keep his bed at lest twenty days, and use to take of the first Syrup or Potion every morning a good draught, being as warm as he may suffer it, than cover him well with clotheses that he may sweated as much as he can, than take of the clotheses by little and little, and dry him with warm clotheses, and so let him repose for two hours, and than let him eat, and his meat must be dry, as Biscuit, Roast-meat, Raisins of the Sun, Almonds, and sometime a rear Egg, and his drink at meals, and all the day beside, shall be the last made with wine and water: than at night give him of the first Syrup as ye did in the morning, and 'cause him to sweated, and than dry him: and this order thou shalt use twenty days together, not coming forth of thy Chamber, and by the grace of God thou shalt be helped of any such grievous infirmity, as I have seen the experienee thereof an infinite of times, to my great honour, for it may be occupied in all complexions with safety, as by the Ingredients thou mayest see.   

CHAP. IX. To make the water of Lignum Sanctum, most wholesome against the Pox, with a new order.  
COmmonly they use to take the water of Lignum Sanctum against the Pox, the which surely is most wholesome, but it must be taken in good order and form, and must be made with great discretion, and not as they use it now adays, for they give it some three or four times, and never the better, although the would be sufficient enough to help them, and therefore I would wish every one that will use this water, to take it in such order as it aught to be, the which I will show thee hereafter.  
Take Lignum Sanctum, Raspead small one pound, the bark being beaten ℥. iii infuse them in twelve pound of fair water one night, and the next morning put therein one pound of Honey, the which is put in, because it is aperative and warm, and helpeth to provoke sweat, and causeth it to have a good taste: than boil it till half be consumed, than put thereto Carduus sanctus ℥. iiii. strong Wine three pound, than boil it until a third part be consumed, and than it is made; than strain it, and take forth the Carduus sanctus, and put therein twenty pound of fair water, and one pound of Honey, and let it boil until four pounds be consumed, than strain it and keep it in a glass bottle, for this is the common drink to drink all the day long, and the order to take it is thus. First before ye will take this water, it were necessary to take our Sirrupo Sclutivo seven or eight days, after that take of our Electuario Angelica ℥. ss. That being done, in the name of God take this potion of Lignum sanctum in this order. Take in the morning at the appearing of the day ℥. viij. very warm as he may suffer, and presently lay clotheses on him, and 'cause him to sweated two hours, and than dry him with warm clotheses, and so let him remain two hours, and than give him to eat, and his meat shall be Biscuit, Raisins, Almonds, and sometime a little roast meat, and no other: than in the evening about the 22. hour, ye shall give him the said Syrup as ye did in the morning, neither more nor less, and 'cause him to sweated, and about the 24. hour give him only Biscuit and Raisins, and the other common drink that was made last, giving you warning that ye make this drink fresh every third day, because it shall not hurt the stomach, and every week once, ye shall take a pill of Marte millitare, and that day thou shalt eat Birds flesh because of weakening: Also ye shall take very great heed to one thing, and that is this. If it hap, that at the beginning of this cure there cometh a Fever, or other accident unto the Patient, that in any wise ye leave not the cure, but follow the order, for that is a certain sign of health: for many times I have given this water, and unto some in the fourth or fifth day the Fever came, and tarried many times ten or twelve days, and than the Fever went away with the corrupt disease, and all for company, and so in short time they were cured, so that, as I have said before, when that sign appeareth and is delivered, it is a certain sign of health: Also I will advice thee of another thing, and that is this: If the Patient cannot sweated ye shall anoint him all over with the Oil of Quinces, the which shall 'cause him to sweated apace; for without sweated the cure will not be perfect, and this order thou shalt keep, at the lest forty days together within thy Chamber, so that there come no air in, for it will hinder the cure.   

CHAP. X. An Electuary that helpeth the Cough with great speed and ●ease.  
THe Cough is caused of a Catarrous humour, and coldness of the stomach, and therefore if ye will help it, it were necessary to have a remedy that doth ripen the Catarrh, and mollify the stomach, and the order to make it is thus.  
Take Enula Campana ℥. iiii. Marsh Mallows ℥. xii. Quinces ℥. xuj. But if ye cannot get Quinces, ye may take Marmalade ready made, and boil it in fair water with the said roots until they be dry, than stamp them in a mortar, and strain them through a streiner, than take for every pound of that matter two pound of white Honey, and boil them together, but boil them not too much: than take it from the fire, and put thereunto for every pound of the aforesaid matter ℈. i. of Saffron, and ʒ. i. of Cinnamon, and ℥. two. of Sulphur, and ℈. i. of Licorice, and than incorporate them well together, and aromatise it with musk and Rose-water, and this ye shall use morning and evening, for this is of so great virtue, that it is to be wondered at, because the Mallows do mollify, the Enula Compana doth warm, and causeth digestion, and comforteth the Stomach: the Quinces are cordial and warm, the Sulphur is a great drier, the which destroyeth the evil humours of the body, the Saffron comforteth the heart, the Cinnamon is stomackall, the Licorice is mollificative, and digesteth the matter: so that of force this Electuary must help any kind of Cough, except it come of the Pox, for than it will do small pleasure. as I have proved.   

CHAP. XI. Our Magistral Electuary of Sulphur, the which serveth against divers sorts of infirmities.  
AS the fire hath virtue to heat and dry material things: so hath the Sulphur virtue to warm and to dry the humidity and coldness of our bodies, for I have occupied it divers and sundry times, and always have seen divers and sundry good effects, but for the better commodity, and more ease to use it, I have compounded this Electuary, the which thou mayest use with ease and benefit unto a number, and the order to make it is thus.  
Take very fine Sulphur that is without earth, and make it into fine powder one pound, Cinnamon ℥. ss. Saffron ℈. i. Ginger ʒ. two. Musk dissolved in Rosewater two Carats, white Honey crude, as much as will suffice to make it into an Electuary without fire, than keep it in a dry place; and this ye shall use in the morning fasting, and his quantity from four drachms to seven, This drieth up Scabs, provoketh Urine, breaketh the stone in the Reinss, it helpeth the Cough, drieth up the watering of the eyes, causeth a good appetite, with divers other things, the which I will leave to the Experimentors.   

CHAP. XII. Our electuary of Consolida majore, that serveth for many diseases inwardly.  
THis Consolida majore, is a herb so called, because of his effect that it doth in healing of wounds, and other places of the flesh separated, for if ye eat thereof it will help the Rupture, and all sorts of Wounds penetrating, and Ulcers of the Lungs, it drieth the Milt, and such like effects: but because thou mayest use it more commodious, I have compounded an Electuary, the which is excellent and rare, and is made thus.  
Take the root of Consclida majore one pound, and boil it in water until the water be consumed, than stamp them in a Mortar, and pass them through a Streiner, than put thereto as much white Honey as the matter weigheth, and boil them on a small fire, until it be come to the form of an Electuary, and when it's boiled, put thereto these things.  
Take the Rinds of Pomegranates in fine powder ℥. i. Lignum alloesʒ. vi. Myrrh, Mastic, Sarcocolla, Sanguis dracon is in grain, ana. ʒ. two. Cinnamon, ʒ. i. Musk of Levant dissolved in Rosewater, one Carrot, than incorporate them well while it be warm: You must note, that the body must first be well purged, ere ye take this Electuary, and ye must also keep a diet, that the Medicine may work the better, for this helpeth all the aforesaid disease inwardly, as is said before: You may use it emplaster wise upon the wounds, and on broken bones, and use it inwardly, and so the Patient shall remain helped. With this I have seen men of great age helped, that were burst below, and wounded from one part to the other, and also broken bones and bruises, the which if I should writ them, it would not be credited.   

CHAP. XIII. Vnguento magno Leonardo.  
THis Vnguento magno is so called, by reason of his great virtue and operation, for it worketh so strange in some diseases, that it in manner reviveth the Patient, and the order to make it is thus.  
Take Otnegra oviu. ℥. vi. Oximel Squilliticum, ℥. ss. mix them together in an earthen dish, until the Otnegra oviu. be become like ashes, than it is deisitrom, than put therein ℥. two. of Vinegar, and wash it well, until it remain pure and clear, than take Olibanum ℥. ss. Cerusae ℥. i. Beaten them fine, and mix it in a stone Morter, with as much Magno liquore, as will serve to incorporate them well, than put thereto the Otnegra oviu. and mix them very well together, that being done, put thereto Auxungia porcina, ℥. viij. And mix them very well together, and than it is made, the which keep in a vessel well glazed, for it will keep a long time without corruption, and is apt to help those that are lame, full of pains, and sores and swell, pains of the eyes, the stone in the reinss, and such like matters, it helpeth all man's of French Pox, if ye anoint them therewith, until the Gums be sore and than leave. But ye shall note, that the body must first be well purged before ye anoint them. This Unguent cooleth all corrosive Ulcers, and helpeth them in short time, it helpeth all pains in the eyes, if ye put it therein; and taketh away all burning with speed. And to be short, it helpeth those diseases in most short time, so that it is to be wondered at.   

CHAP. XIV. Oil of Hypericon, the which is most miraculous, for Wounds and bruises.  
THis Oil of Hypericon compounded by us, is of great virtue in divers and sundry accidents, and specially in wounds, for it helpeth them without any pain, although the veins, sinews, or bones were hurt or cut, and that in very short time: It preserveth the wound from corruption, and taketh away the pain, and incarnateth and cicatrizeth, as by experience thou mayest plainly see. It dissolveth Contusions, and is most marvellous aghasted poison. It helpeth against any crude sort of venomous Fever, if you anoint all the body therewith, leaving no part; and the order to make it is thus.  
Take the flowers, leaves, and seed, of Saint Johns-wort, as many as ye will, and stamp them together, and put them in a Glass, with as much strong white wine as will cover it well, than set it in the Sun ten days together, than put thereto as much pure Salad oil, as the herbs and the wine doth weigh, than let it stand in the Sun other ten days, giving you warning that you weigh your oil before you mix them; that being done, put thereunto for every pound of oil ℥. two. of Turpentine, and ʒ. i. of Saffron, of Nutmegs, Cloves, Myrrah elect. of each ℥. ss. Frankincense ℥. i. Viticella ℥. two. for every pound, stamp them altogether, and put them into a great glass, and set it to boil in Balneo Mariae, with a head and Receiver close shut, and to know when it is boiled enough, is, that there will ascend not more vapours into the head, and that will be within 24. hours or thereabout, than take forth the Glass being yet hot, and strain it, and keep it in a Glass close shut as a precious Jewel Ye shall note that this Oil must always be occupied very warm, and in any wise tent no wound, but wet clotheses therein, and lay it thereon, and thy cure shall prospero well, for this I have proved a thousand times in divers places.   

CHAP. XV. To make our Oleum Benedictum, the which healeth wounds divinely.  
THis Oleum Benedictum serveth chief for wounds in all parts of the body, and especially for wounds in the head: If there were fracture of bone, and offences of the Pannicle, and in other places where sinews were hurt, or muskles, or veins, or in any other noble place of the body, with this Ol●um Benedictum, and with our Vegetable Quintessence, thou mayest help them easily, and in short time, without any danger or detriment of the wounded person, as is said before, and the order to make it is thus.  
Take the whites of Eggs being hard sod in water, ℥. xii. Clear Turpentine ℥. xiiii. Pure Mirth ʒ. iii Mix them, and put it into a Retort of glass, and give it gentle fire at the first, and than increase it according to Art, until all the substance be come forth of the Retort, the which will be both water and oil, the which separate, and keep the Oil by itself in a Glass as a precious Jewel, for this worketh miracles in wounds of what sort soever they be. Moreover, it causeth hair to grow on the head or beard, the which were fallen away, and that it doth in short time by the only anointing the place therewith. Also if any have a stitch in his side, and retention of Urine, let him take a Glister, wherein he shall put a little of this Oil, and he shall be helped; and this effect it doth, because it drieth mightily that alteration made in the secret parts of the Reinss inwardly, where no local Medicine can be applied.   

CHAP. XVI. Oleum Philosophorum de Terementina & Cera.  
THis Oil of Turpentine and Wax, is a most precious Balm, and his virtues are infinite, because it is made of simples in manner uncorruptible, and is most miraculous for those that are corrupted, or strucken with the Pestilence, because it is most penetrative, and of nature drying, and comforteth all weak parts in man's body, of what infirmity so ever they be, and the order to make it is thus.  
Take new yellow wax, ℥. xii. clear Turpentine, ℥. xviii. Benjamine, ℥. two. Fine rectified Aqua vitae, ℥. xxx. common ashes, ℥. vi. mix them, and put them into a Retort of glass well luted, and than distil it in a wind Furnace, until the sustance be come forth, and in the Receiver thou shalt found three things: The first is Water, the second Oil, the third phlegm, the which thou shalt separate one from another, and keep them close stopped in a glass, the which is most excellent in time of the Pestilence, as well for unction, as for to help the sores, for if you put it into a sore or botch that is broke, presently it taketh away the pain, and being mixed with other of our Medicines, as I have showed in my Regiment of the Pestilence, it helpeth them with great speed. If any anoint all his body with this Oil twice a month, it will preserve him youthful, and in health a long time, it preserveth also dead flesh or fish, that is put therein from corruption. Also if any be wounded in any part of the body, let him anoint it with this Oil four or five times, and it shall be whole: Also if any cannot make water, give unto him ʒ. two. of this oil to drink, and presently he shall make water. It is also good against the Stitch in the side and Pleurisy, and Worms, and the Cough and Catarrh, and against the Pestilent Fever, and such like indispositions, if ye drink a little thereof; it hath a number of other virtues, the which I will leave unto the Experimentors.   

CHAP. XVII. Our Magno liquore, the which is of great virtue.  
THis is of my invention, and the order to make it, is thus Take sweet Salad oil twenty pound, white wine two pound, boil them together until the wine be consumed, than put it in a vessel of stone, and put thereunto these things following:  
Take the flours of Rosemary three pounds, Lignum aloes, ℥. vi. Olibanum, Bdellium, ana. ℥. x. than stop it very close, and bury it in the ground four foot deep, and this would be buried in the beginning of August, and there remain until the month of March, than take it forth of the ground, and set it in the Sun, and put thereto these matters following, Sage, Rosemary, Rue, Betonie, Millefolie, comfery roots, Tamaro, Viticella ana, one handful: Galingal, Cloves, Nutmegs, Spikenard, Saffron, ana ℥. i. Sarcocolla, Sunguis Draconis in grain, Mastic, ana ℥. two. Aloes Epatica, Frankincense, ana ℥. viij. yellow Wax, Auxungia ana ℥. xviii. Colophony one pound, Hypericon with the seed and all two pound. Musk ʒ. i. mix these all well together, and boil them in Balneo, until the herbs become dry, and have no more substance, than take it forth, and strain it, and put thereunto for every pound, ʒ. vi. of our Balm artificial, and when the month of September cometh, put thereunto two pound of the fruit of the herb called Balsamina, the which are read, and than it is ended, the which thou shalt keep in a glass close shut, for the older it is, the better it is, and is of such virtue, that it helpeth the Etici, and Hidropsie, if ye give them every morning ʒ. ss. with ℥. i. of Syrup of Roses warm, the space of forty days, as I have proved: And this is the true and perfect Unction, that helpeth Petecchie, a disease so called in the Italian: If any were wounded, and had cut veins, sinews, and bones, let him join the parts close together, and dress it with this Oil very hot upon the upper parts, and in short time it shall be whole, without any alteration. It helpeth also the white Scall if ye anoint it therewith: It helpeth coldness in the head, and Catarrhs, if ye anoint it within the nostrils at night when ye go to bed: If ye anoint the Stomach therewith it causeth perfect digestion of the meat, it provoketh Urine where it is let through carnosity or Gonorrea, or such like matter; It causeth hair to grow, it preserveth the beard black, and it is good against Worms, and all these Experiments are true, and proved of me divers and sundry times, in the aforesaid infirmities, and also in divers others, the which I leave until another time: Ye shall note, that if ye anoint any all over that is grieved with the Pox with this Oil, it will increase his pain, and so by that means ye may know whether he be infected or no.   

CHAP. XVIII. Pillole Aquilone of our invention.  
THese Pills are above all other in operation, as the Eagle is above all other Birds, and therefore I thought good to call them Pillole Aquilone, and the order to make them is thus.  
Take conserve of Damask Roses made with Hony ℥ iii Lignum Aloesʒ. i. Oil of Vitriol twelve grains, Cinnamon elect two scruples. Petra philosophalis of our invention. ℥ ss. Sugar-candy ℥ two. Mix them, and make thereof a paste with Syrupo Acetoso and keep them in a glass. The Virtue of these Pills I will not at this time writ: but only I say they help against all sorts of infirmities, and hurteth none in any wise. The Dose is from ʒ. i. to ʒ. two. in the morning fasting, but ye may not gilled them in any wise, but drink after them a cup of water or wine, to carry them down, than sleep thereon, and that day eat little meat, and light of digestion.   

CHAP. XIX. Our Quinta essentia solutiva, the which is of marvellous operation in divers matters.  
THis Quinta essentia solutiva evacuateth the body with great ease, and without any detriment, and it purgeth all parts of the body that are troubled with gross and viscous humours, it resolveth swell, and taketh away the pains, it preserveth the sight, and killeth worms, and causeth a good appetite, with many other good qualities, the which I will leave at this time, and the order to make it is thus.  
Take Aloes, Cinnamon, Turbite, Aloes Epatica, ana ℥. i Coloquintida ℥. two. Cloves, Saffron, of each ʒ. i. Musk of Lovantʒ. i. Julep of Violets one pound. Mix all the aforesaid matters together in a glass, and put therein two pound of our Quintessence, and so let it stand twelve days, and than strain it, and put it into a vessel of glass close shut, this may be taken with broth, wine, or with what syrup or potion ye will, the quantity is from ʒ. two. to ℥. ss. in the morning fasting, without keeping of any diet at all, and it shall work well without any tronble.   

CHAP. XX. Pillole Magistrale, the which is good against divers infirmities.  
THese Pills are of great virtue, and specially against all kind of pains coming of corrupt humours, for they purge the putrified humours, and preserve the body from corruption: and the order to make them is thus.  
Take Olibanum, Mastic, Myrrh, Sarcocolla, Aloes Epatice, Elleborus niger, Saffron, Turbith, Colloquintida, ana q. v. Stamp them finely, and for every ounce of the aforesaid matters, put thereunto two Carats of Musk, and than incorporate it with Honey of Roses, and Aqua vitae, of each alike, and this paste thou mayest keep for six months in a vessel of Lead, the quantity is from ʒ. two. to ʒ. iii in the morning fasting, and drink thereon a little wine. These pills are most excellent to take away the pains of the Gout, and to preserve a man from it, they are also good for those that have the French Pox, because they evacuate the gross and viscous humours, and maintain the body in good temperature, and using them in those diseases, it preserveth the body in good state. They are also good for women that are troubled with pains of the Mother, and retention of their Terms, for these are aperative, and provoke them, and purgeth the Matrix of all impediments contained therein: They serve against the Megrem, and all pains of the head, and also against all kind of putrified Fevers, as I have seen the experience thereof sundry times.   

CHAP. XXI. To make Aqua real, vel Imperiale, the which maketh the teeth white presently, incarnateth the Gums, and causeth a good breath.  
THe teeth being black and rusty, and full of filth, and the Gums putrified or corrupt, are the worst things that may be seen in man or woman, and are also very unwholesome; and the Remedy to make the teeth white, and to help the gums, is thus: Make this water, and use it in this order as I will show thee.  
Take Sal Gemmae, Roch Alum, Brimstone of each two pound, Borax ℥. x. Pearl beaten fine, Coral, each ℥. two. Pure distilled Vinegar ℥. iiii. Put all the aforesaid matters in a Gourd, with his head and receiver, and give it fire according to Art, and at the last there will come forth a white water like Milk, the which after it hath stood a while, will wax clear. You shall understand, that this water is above all other waters in the world, to help Ulcers in the mouth, and to incarnate the gums, and to make the teeth white, and causeth a good breath in those which are troubled with the aforesaid matters. For of this water I have made great quantity, and it hath been carried into Spain, into Almain, into Poland, into Constantinople, and in divers other Countries, as though it had been a Divine thing, and not material.  
For truly this experience doth 'cause the world to wonder at it, the use hereof I have written in this Book, and hereafter I will writ it again in some of my Books, where occasion shall serve to use it in cures.   

CHAP. XXII. Of the hidden Secrets of Frankincense.  
THe Pine is a tree, the which by nature is uncorruptible, and the gum that runs from it is of great virtue and strength, because it preserveth those things wherein it is put, and when his Elements are separated out of that Gum, the Physician may work strange things therewith, against most part of infirmities that hap unto man's body, if he apply them where they are convenient: For the water being drunk helpeth wind in the stomach: Also it helpeth the white ●kall, and all such like scabs, if ye wash them therewith morning and evening. It drieth up Ulcers, also it is of marvellous virtue against chilblains and kibed heels, and chaps, and such like, in the hands or feet that come through cold, being used thus. You shall first perfume the parts that are sore over the fume of hot water, so that they may sweated, than dry them and wash them with the aforesaid water, and anoint them with the Oil, and put on a pair of gloves or such like, and in very short time they shall be whole. The air helpeth much in wounds in any part of the body, because it preserveth the flesh from putrefaction, and keepeth it from alteration, and taketh away the pain and healeth the sore: Also it preserveth the face if it be anointed therewith. Moreover, it is marvellous in old diseases inwardly, if ye give them thereof every morning ʒ i. with ℥ ss. of our Sirupo Vegetabile. The fire cureth sores and such like, and the earth remaineth in his state. Ye shall understand, that these are great secrets of importance, the which I have revealed of this Gum, and happy shall he be that useth them in the time of need: And the order to make this Oil is thus.  
Take as much Frankincense as thou wilt, and put it into a Retort of glass, with the fourth part of common Ashes, and set it to distil, and give it first a small fire until the Oil change colour, than presently change the Receiver, and augment the fire until all the substance be come forth. Ye shall understand that this Oil is best fresh, for when it is old, it will wax thick, and cannot pierce so well.   

CHAP. XXIII. Of the Oil of Honey, and the order to make it.  
THat which most men call Oil of Honey, is not an Unctous Oil like unto other Oils, but rather a certain Element, the which is neither oil nor water, although it be clear, and this serveth not much in Chirurgery, because it is not convenient in sores, but much rather it is a perfect remedy in things appertaining to Physic, because it comforteth the Stomach, and fortifieth the virtue, and extinguisheth all sorts of Fevers. It helpeth the Colic, it dissolveth the Stone in the Reinss, and provoketh Urine, and also maketh the hair yellow as gold, if ye wash it therewith, and the order to make it is thus.  
Take pure Honey two pound, and put it into a Retort of glass, that holdeth at the lest fifteen or twenty pounds, and set it in a Furnace, and give it a fire of the second degree, and first there will come forth a clear white water, and when it changeth colour, change the receiver, and give it strong fire until all the fumes be come forth, the which is the Oil, and that keep by itself as a precious Balm against malign Infirmities that are cured with Physic.   

CHAP. XXIV. To make our great Cerot, the which is of marvellous virtue.  
TAke Galbanum, Armoniacum, Oppoponax, ana ℥. two. Olibanum, Verdigrease, ana ℥. i. Bdellium, Gum Arabi, Lapis ematites minerale, ana ℥. two. Turpentine, Frankincense, ana ℥. iiii. Oleum Philosophorum of Turpentine and Wax, ℥. iii common Oil four lb. new wax ℥. seven. beaten all those that are to be beaten, and searce them, than dissolve the Gums in distilled Vinegar according to Art, than vapour away the Vinegar until it come thick, than take thy Oil and Wax, and melt them together, than put in the rest, and stir them until it be boiled, and to know when it is boiled, is this. First, in the beginning it will begin to rise marvellously, and than fall down; than let it boil until it begin to fume or smoke, than strain it into a vessel of Copper, and presently put therein ℥. iiii. of Precipitate, and stir them well together until it be cold, than make it in rowls, and keep it as a precious Jewel in chirurgery, because it mundifieth, incarnateth, and healeth all sorts of Ulcers, better than any other Cerot that ever I could find.   

CHAP. XXV. A Magistral Unguent that healeth all manner of sores.  
THis Unguent is most rare in the cure of Ulcers when they are already mundified, because it incarnateth, drieth, and siccatrizeth, and the order to make it is thus.  
Take common Oil one pound, Litarge ℥ two. new Wax, ℥. three Turpentine, ℥. vi. boil them as the aforesaid Cerot, and when it is boiled, put thereto ℥ iii of the dead cope of Aqua fortis, the which is made of Vitriol Romain, Roche Allom, and Salt-Peter, and stir them well together, and keep it to thy use. Ye shall understand, that the maker must be expert in the Art, lest he overboil it, or boil it too little, for if it be not in order as it should be, it will not work his effect.   

CHAP. XXVI. A Magistral Cerot of our Invention against the white Scall.  
THis Cerot is of great virtue, and of marvellous experience, to resolve the white Scall, because it is penetrative, mundificative, and resolutive, and causeth the hair to grow that is fallen away, to the great content of the Patient and honour of the Physician, and it is made in this order. Take Frankincense that is strained from his filth, what quantity you will, and distil it in a Retort, and give it fire at the lest forty hours, than let it cool and break the glass, and in the bottom thou shalt find a black maze, the which make into powder, than for every pound of the said powder, put thereto one ounce of Wax, and four ounces of the said oil that ye distilled, and half an ounce of the heads of Bees, the which are easy to be had in Summer: Mix all the aforesaid things in a Vessel of Copper, and with a small fire make them in form of a liquid Unguent, and when thou wilt use it, shave the head, and wash it, and lay thereon this Cerot upon a fair cloth warm, and every two days change it, and so in short time thou shalt see strange effects of his virtue, as I have done divers and sundry times to my great honour. This serveth also against breaking of bones, dislocations, and for Scabs ulcerated, because it drieth, and comforteth, and resolveth all the evil qualities; giving you charge in the distilling, because the fire many times consumeth it so, that in the bottom there remaineth nothing that good is, and therefore beware in the making.   

CHAP. XXVII. To make a divine and blessed Cerot against divers infirmities.  
ULcers are of divers sorts, and are caused of sundry causes, as of Choler, Blood, Phlegm, Melancholy, and for that cause the Medicines would be agreeable; nevertheless, I will show thee a Cerot of such a temperature, that it will serve to help any sore in any place of the body, of what quality soever it be, except it be Scirro, or Noli me tangere, the which are in a manner counted uncurable, of the common Practitioners: but not by me, for I have cured them, and the order to make it is thus.  
Take oil of Frankincense one pound, oil of Sulphur ℥. i. Vitriol rubified ℥. iii Precipate ℥. i fresh Butter ℥. iii and as much Wax as will suffice to make it in form of a Cerot, the which will have all the aforesaid intentions: because the Precipitate doth mundify the Ulcer; the oil of Frankincense taketh away the pain, and incarnateth; the oil of Sulphur cleanseth; the Vitriol drieth; the Butter mundifieth; and the Wax consolidateth, in such sort, that any one may perceive his virtue.   

CHAP. XXVIII. To make a miraculous Emplaster for Flegmon, or Erisro pella.  
THis Flegmon or inflammation, called Saint Anthony's fire, is a tumour caused of the alteration of the blood, by reason of superfluous heat, and this most commonly cometh unto Choleric and Sanguine bodies, that are full of flesh, and have much blood: And the Erisipella is caused of a windy humidity, and of a hot humour, and to show it, ye may see how that Flegmon is no other than blood that runneth to the place offended: And when it cannot found way to resolve, it putrefieth and turneth into Sanius matter, so that by this ye may see that to be true which I have said. Also Erisipella is a wind hot and moist, for when it cometh to suppuration, than cometh forth nothing but wind and water, and this is the true proof by demonstration, and therefore seeing that these two infirmities are in a manner alike, or little differing: this Medicine shall be appropriate as well to the one as to the other, because it resolveth and cooleth, and the order to make it is thus.  
Take fine Clay that hath no stones nor gravel in it, and searce it very fine, and put it in a pot, and for every pound thereof put thereto ℥. iii of Oil of Frankincense, that cometh forth last in the distillation, and as much of our Quintessence as will serve to make it in form of a liquid Unguent, and this ye must mix without fire, and than lay it upon a cloth, and warm it over the fire a little, and lay it upon the Flegmon, or Erisipella, but first ere ye use this remedy unto those that have Flegmon, ye shall give them a dose of our Electuario Angelica, and in Erisipella give them a dose of our Aromatico, and so thou shalt help them perfectly, as I have proved divers times, and may be used although ye take no blood; but if ye take blood, let it be in augmentu, and not in statu, nor in declinatione, because it would so weaken Nature, that afterwards it cannot defend itself to drive forth the humour peccant, that is cause of the disease.   

CHAP. XXIX. To make a resolutive Plaster of great virtue.  
THis Plaster is to resolve tumors and hardness, if it be laid thereon very hot, and when it is cold to lay on another: and this ye shall do until the hardness be resolved, and it is made in this order.  
Take common Ashes that are well burnt and white, and finely seared one pound, Clay beaten into fine powder half a pound, Carabe ℥. iii mix all these in an earthen dish on a small fire, with Oil of Roses in form of a liquid Unguent, and that ye shall lay upon the place grieved as hot as ye may suffer it, and change it morning and evening, and thou shalt see it work a marvellous effect. Moreover, when that Petecchi cometh forth of a diseased, let him be folded in the same remedy very hot, and in 24 hours he shall be helped, if he be first well purged, for this is a great secret that I have revealed. This word Petecchi is, as it were, certain spots like those which we call Gods Tokens, the which commonly come unto those that have the Pestilent Fever.   

CHAP. XXX. To make a maturative Plaster of great virtue.  
THis Maturative doth open an Imposthume without Instrument and pain, and the order to make it is thus  
Take the yolks of Eggs ℥. two. white Salt finely ground ℥. i Snails with their Shells stamped ℥. ss Hens dung that is liquid, and read like Honey ℥. i. Mix all these well to gether without fire, and when you will bring an Imposthume to suppuration and break it, lay on this plaster morning and evening a little warm, and in short time it will draw forth the Imposthume, and break it, and heal it, without any other help. Keep this as a secret.   

CHAP. XXXI. A composition of great virtue, against all Ulcers and Sores.  
TAke Oil of Vitriol that is perfect, as much as you will, and put it in a glass, with as much oil of Tartar made by dissolution, and so let it stand ten days. Than take ʒ. i. of that and ℥. i. of pure Aqva vitae, and mix them together, and therewith wash the hollow Ulcers, and they will heal in short time. It helpeth any crude kind of scab or sore that is caused of the evil quality of Nature.   

CHAP. XXXII. A strange composition of great virtue.  
THis Composition is divine in his operation, because it healeth many indispositions in our bodies, when it is applied rightly, and the order to make it is thus.  
Take water of Carduus Sanctus one pound, Oil of Honey, one ounce, oil of Sulphur, ʒ. ss. Mix them together, and let it settle till it be clear: for this helpeth Ulcers in the mouth, and maketh the teeth fair and white, if ye wash them therewith. It causeth a sweet breath, and preserveth the Gums, and maketh the hair and beard fair, if ye wash them therewith. And this it doth because the water of Carduus Sanctus preserveth where it is applied: Also the oil of Honey hath a virtue preservative and retentive of the hair, and the oil of Sulphur mundifieth, and cleanseth, and incarnateth, so that by these means the said water hath these virtue's aforesaid.   

CHAP. XXXIII. To make an Vuguent of great Virtue against Ulcers.  
THis Unguent hath a great virtue in healing all sores that are putrified and corrosive, except they be Cankers or Noli me tangere, the which are counted among the uncurable cures: But when they are other sores, this will heal them quickly, and the order to make it is thus.  
Take a good quantity of Calex vivae, and put it into a great Tub, and cover it with water four fingers high, and stir it well together, than let it settle, and thereon will come a thin scum the which ye shall gather together with a Scummer, and keep it until ye have sufficient quantity, than take oil of Linseed, oil of Nuts, oil of Almonds, and of the said soum that is gathered, of each one pound, than distil it in a Retort, until all the substance be come forth, than separate the oil from the water, and than make this composition.  
Take of the said oil distilled one pound, Tallow such as they make candles of, Hog's grease, new Wax, Mercury precipitate of each two ounces, fine Aqua vitae three ounces, mix them all together in a Copper pan on a soft fire, until the Aqua vitae be consumed, and that it remain a liquid Unguent, than take it forth, and keep it in a close vessel, that it take no air: and this ye shall apply cold unto Ulcers, upon a fine linen cloth, for first it doth mundify, and than incarnate, and last siccatrize, it helpeth sores, scabs, scrophule, mall de Formica Setole on the Nipples of women's breasts, Emeroids, pains in the privy members, and such like, for it is temperate.   

CHAP. XXXIV. A Discourse upon sundry sorts of Unguents, and their qualities.  
THere are many sorts of Unguents that are found out, of which I believe that many Chirurgeons are greatly abused of their operation, but for that which I do find, that some sorts of Unguents are occupied for one effect, and they work another; as for example, Vnguento Camphorato which many do occupy to cool hot sores, in stead of cooling heateth them more than they were before, which cometh by means of the Camphire which is a hot substance, as I will prove by sufficient reason that it cannot be denied. For you shall understand, that into Vnguento Camphorato, is put Camphire and oil, both hot materials, as for experience: Take Camphire and lay it by the fire, or set it nigh a candle, and thou shalt perceive, that assoon as it feeleth the heat, it will fly into the fire and burn fiercely; and the like will the Oil do; for if you wet a cloth therein and hold it over the fire, presently it will burn, which are manifest signs that they be both hot, becuse they are friends unto the fire; whereas if they were cold and moist, the fire would not burn them with such force. As for example, take water, earth, stones, and metals that are cold and moist, and lay them on the fire, and you shall see that the flame of a candle shall not be able to kindle the fire with such ease as it doth with the Camphire and oil. So that you may see that Camphire and Oil are hot and friends unto the fire which is most hot, and earth, stones, and metals, are moist and cold, and are enemies unto the fire, and therefore I conclude, that Vnguento Camphorato is very hot, and cannot by any means cool hot Ulcers. Also Vnguentum Apostolorum is a composition in which there is put Verdigriece, a material which is most enemy unto the sore, for laying it thereto causeth great pain, as you may understand of those that have proved it, and in my judgement this is no Unguent to be laid on a sore, because they cannot suffer it, neither is it possible to heal the sore with that Unguent, for that it corrodeth the fleshand will not let it heal. Also Vnguento de minio is a mixture not very profitable for Ulcers, because it is too much drying; for applying it unto a sore that is not mundified, it drieth it in Superficie, so that if Nature sand humours unto those parts, and they found no exhalation or vent by reason of that drying, it will 'cause the gathering of abundance of humours, and be a means of greater mischief: But if the sore be well mundified and cleansed, you shall have little need of that Unguent, because Nature will do it alone without any other help, so that this Unguent is of small profit to be used of any. But to the contrary, there are many sorts of Unguents which are most necessary to dress sores, as Vnguento di Rasino, which by his Nature is friendly to the sore, because it mundifieth and healeth, helping Nature that it may work with greater speed. The Diachilone common is also an Unguent very profitable to mundi fie or purge sores, and likewise to siccatrize them. The Unguent of Litarge is refriscative and drying, and healeth scabs, and cooleth the heat of the flesh alterated. Vnguento Rosato doth mitigate the pains of foul Scabs. And thus discoursing from time to time, there are many sorts of Unguents very hurtful, and not to be used, and also there are many sorts that are wholesome and good, without which in a manner they cannot work. Nevertheless, it were necessary to know how and where to apply them rightly.   

CHAP. XXXV. Medicines appropriate against all kinds of Poisons, as well Vegetables as Minerals.  
THere are an infinite number of Poisons, and they are differing in their operation, but yet they work in manner one effect, as you may see by experience in those that are poisoned, for after that they be dead, they are swollen and become black, and in their Stomach is abundance of aquosity: And the cause is this, that if a poison have power to kill or strangle a man or woman, of necessity it must be corrosive, and being corrosive, it will work this effect, that is, assoon as it arriveth at the stomach, it beginneth to make alteration and quickly congealeth the blood, and inflameth the parts round about it, it draweth unto it great quantity of water; and it causeth the congelation of the blood on the one part, and the inflammation of the stomach on the other part, and the gathering of the water on the other part. And in a manner all poisons work one effect, and there are great number of these Poisons, of which I would show their qualities, but that I fear I should 'cause such as are ignorant to know them, and therefore I leave them. But I will writ the order wherewith thou shalt help all those poisons that are curable, with as much facility as is possible. Poisons, as I said before, do work three evil Effects, they inflame the stomach, congeal the blood, and draw unto them great quantity of water, which three things being in a man killeth him out of hand; and the necessariest cure in that matter of poison is this. First cause the poisoned person to vomit so much as he can, and as soon as he can, and that thou shalt do with ℥. ss. of our Electuario Angelica, which provoketh vomit, and evacuateth the stomach of the poison, and of the matter drawn by the poison into the stomach, and it is excellent against all kind of poisons; that being done, anoint all his body with our Balsamo artificiato, the which will keep the blood liquid, and will not suffer it to congeal by any means: after that let him take every morning ʒ. iii, of our Pills against poison, which are written in my discourse upon Chirurgery; and when he hath taken those Pills, let him drink thereon a little good wine: and after let him drink the decoction of Diptamo bianco, and dress his meat with herbs that are good against poison, as there are a great number: And this doing, by the help of God thou shalt help all those that are curable, for it is a rational Medicine and experimented, which worketh incredible operations.   

CHAP. XXXVI. A water that preserveth the Face and Teeth.  
THis water is miraculous, for if ye wash the face therewith, and rub the teeth, it will make the face shining and bright, and the teeth like fine Ivory, and the order to make it is thus.  
Take Mother of Pearl in powder one pound, the juice of Lemons pressed with their pills and all three pound, put them in a glass, and let it stand fifteen days, than put thereto so much strong distilled Vinegar as there was of the juice, and distil it in a Retort of glass, with a small fire, until the spirits do appear, than presently change thy Receiver, and keep it, wherewith thou shalt wash thy face and rub thy teeth: Note, that when ye will occupy that water, it were necessary that the face were washed so clean as is possible, and to rub the teeth with a clean cloth, for with this I have seen many goodly experiences in those matters.   

CHAP. XXXVII. To Clarify and take away spots out of the Face.  
TAke Lac virgins two parts, pure Oil of Tartar one part, fine Aqua vitae six parts, mix them, and when thou goest to bed anoint thy face therewith, and in the morning wash thy face with the decoction of Bran, and dry it well, than anoint it with the Oil of Almonds, and so using this order, in short time thy face will be bright and clear without any spot. For this Composition is of marvellous virtue to preserve the flesh, and to defend it from all impediments of Nature, and preserveth the head from many infirmities.   

CHAP. XXXVIII. The order to make a goodly Remedy, to 'cause the hair to grow.  
THe beard and hair commonly do fall through two causes, the one is, when the Patient hath a Pestilent Fever, that is, Mal di Mazzueco, for when they are cured, all their hair will fall away, and many times most of them do change that subtle skin, called of the Doctors Epiderma, and this is one of the causes: The other cause is, when they accompany with unclean women, and that they get those Carvoli on the Yard, the which as soon as they are cured, there cometh an alteration in the throat, so that they cannot well eat their meat, than after that in short time the hair will begin to fall, and these are the two causes of falling of the hair. In that which cometh after Mal di Mazzucco, ye shall need nothing else but to anoint the head when ye go to bed, with our Oleum Philosophorum a little warm, and that will 'cause the hair to grow, restore the sight and hearing, the which those commonly do loose when they are sick, through their long sickness. But when the hair doth fall through the other cause, ye must use forcible Medicines to 'cause it to c●me again, and that thou shalt do with this Cerot. Take Turpentine, Sh●p-pitch, Rosin of the Pine tree, and new Wax, and make thereof a Cerot, the which spread upon a cloth, and strew thereon Cantharideses in powder, than lay it upon the head, and there let it remain five days without moving it, and when ye take it away, take Magno liquore, and our Oleum Philosophorum, of each alike, and therewith anoint the head once a day very hot. And while ye use this Unction, take Sinaber ℥. i. Olibanum, Myrrh, and Colles, of each two scruples, and grind them together, and divide them in six parts, and every night when ye go to bed, perfume the bed with one of these parts, the which thou shalt do in this order: Take Coals in a Chafing-dish, and cast it therein by little and little, and than cover thy head with a cloth, and receive the fume, and than go to bed with the said cloth about thy head, and this thou shalt do six evenings, and continually use the Unction until it be helped, the which will be in short time.   

CHAP. XXXIX. To make our Syrup of Bays.  
THis Syrup being well made, is of marvellous virtue for those women that are troubled with pains of the Mother, and pains caused of wind and cold, because the Bays of their nature are hot and drying, and resolveth the wind, and warmeth the cold, and drieth the humidity, so that whosoever doth use this Syrup oftentimes, shall be free from the stitch in the side, and gravel in the Reinss, because it doth mundify the Reinss, and resolve the humour hanging, and therefore this would be used in Polonia, and Almaign with great profit, because those Countries are cold, and they feed on most meats which are contrary to those aforesaid infirmities, and the order to make it is thus. Take a branch of Bays weighing one pound, and put it in a glass with eight pound of white Wine, and two pound of purified Honey, and distil it in Balneo three hours, than take it from the fire, and keep that by itself, than take that which remained in the glass, and distil it by a filter three or four times until it be clear, than take two pound of Sugar, and clarify it with the white of an Egg, and than mix it with that which ye distilled by a filter, and give it a little walm or two, but not too much, than when it is boiled, before it be cold, put therein the said water that ye distilled in Balneo, and aromatise it with six grains of Musk, and ℈. i. of Cloves, and another of Saffron, and ʒ. ss. of Cinnamon, and ℥. iii of Rosewater, and than keep it in a glass close stopped, and it will preserve a long time: The dose of this Syrup is from ℥. i. to ℥. two. and no more. And therefore if any will sweated for any indisposition in the body, let them take four ounces as warm as they may suffer, and lay them down to sweated, and it will resolve great infirmities.   

CHAP. XL. The order to make a Syrup of Cinnamon and Ginger.  
THis Syrup is exceeding hot, and preserveth a weak stomach through cold, resolveth the Cough, and the Catarrh caused through want of natural heat: but ye shall note, that if the indisposition were of a hot and dry cause, in any wise ye shall not use this. It causeth digestion, and provoketh venereous acts, and killeth many that oppress themselves therewith, for they will do more than Nature is able to carry, and so fall into a disease called Apoplexia, and die, or else live with great pain; and therefore I would wish those that have no great need thereof, not to use it for Lechery sake, for better it were to leave it in Vase spermatico, but as for those that have need thereof, it will revive them if they were in a manner dead, and the order to make it is thus.  
Take Ginger, Cinnamon, of each one pound, beaten them in powder, and infuse it in half a pound of Rosewater, and there let it remain four or five days, and than put thereon ℥. iiii. of the water of a Herb called Mortella, in the Italian tongue, and six pound of the best white wine, and distil them altogether until all the substance be come forth; than take as much white Honey as the matter purified weigheth, and while it is yet hot on the fire, put therein the said Water which you distilled, and six grains of Musk powdered with Sugar, and incorporate them well together, and keep it in a glass close shut, and when ye will use this, ye shall take it in the morning warn, fasting thereon four or five hours, because it may pierce the better, and do his operation; the quantity that you shall take ordinary is ℥. i but if it do not work his operation well, augment the quantity, and take somewhat more or less according to thy Stomach, and the time shall be two or three weeks, or more or less, according as thou feelest thyself, for it is of so much virtue that it will not be credited, except it be of those that have seen the experience thereof, therefore keep it as a thing of value.   

CHAP. XLI. Our Syrup of a Capon, that is made with Consumato.  
THis Syrup is a restorative of great virtue, never seen or heard of before, and is of such virtue that it is able to sustain a sick person many days without taking any other meat, because it is of flesh and blood, for the flesh sustaineth the flesh, and the blood sustaineth the blood, and the order to make it is thus.  
Take a great fat Capon that is well-fleshed, and pull it while it is alive, and take forth only the guts and the belly, and when he is dead, stamp it in a Mortar grossly, and put it in a distilling glass with twenty pound of good white wine, and ℥. ss. of Salt, and four ounces of Sugar, and ℥. ss. of Cinnamon, than distil it in Balneo until the two thirds be consumed, than keep that which is distilled, and that which remained in the glass strain through a cloth, and press out all the juice of the flesh with a Press, than pass all that through a filter, and than with Sugar make it in form of a Syrup, but boil it not too much, than put therein that which ye distilled from the Capon, and aromatise it with Cinnamon half a dram, Saffron one scruple, Musk four grains, Rosewater ℥. two. than keep it in a glass close stopped, and this hath no dose, because it is taken only to sustain a weak nature; you may p●t it in broth, or in any other meats, or by itself, and always it will work his operation, in strengthening those that are weak.   

CHAP. XLII. A Magistral Syrup of Quinces, the which is Restorative.  
THis Syrup of Quinces is of great virtue, because it restoreth strength, helpeth digestion, comforteth the Stomach, and maketh the heart merry, as you may see by the Ingredients; it comforteth also the sight, and quickeneth the memory: And the order to make it is thus.  
Take of the best Quinces you can found, and cut them in small pieces, with feed and all three pound, Cinnamon half an ounce, Cloves, Saffron, of each a scruple, Lignum Aloes, ℥ i ss. Bengewine ℥. i. stamp all these and infuse them in seven pound of strong white wine, than distil it in Balneo, until all the liquor be come forth, and when it is in manner done, take it from the fire, and put it into an earthen vessel well glazed, and put therein that which ye distilled, and mix them well together, than strain it hard through a Canvas, and pass it by a filter, or a linen cloth, and make it as clear as you can possible, than take that, and with refined Sugar, make a Syrup according to Art, and when it is made, aromatise it with Musk, and Rose-water, and keep it in a glass close stopped, that it take no air, giving your charge that it be not over-boyled. And this thou shalt give unto those that cannot digest their meat, because it warmeth the stomach, with a temperate heat, the which resolveth the crudity of humours, that are in the stomach, and disposeth Nature to digestion, for because the Quinces by nature are hot, and helpeth it to digest, the Cloves and Saffron make the heart merry, and the Lignum Aloes, preserveth from Corruption, in such sort, that all these being together, worketh wonderful effects in the body of many, the quantity thereof is ℥. i. in the morning, and two hours after supper cold.   

CHAP. XLIII. A Magistral Syrup of Lignum Sanctum.  
THis Magistral Syrup is of such virtue in his operation, that it will help the Mal' Francese, if it be made according to the order, and taken as it should be: And the order to make it is thus.  
Take Lignum Sanctum rasped ℥. vi. the Bark of the same ℥. iiii. and lay it to infuse in twelve pound of good white wine, with one pound of white honey, than distil it until ye have received three pound, than take it from the fire, and keep the water by itself; than take that which remained in the glass, and distil it by a filter until it be clear, than put thereto the water that ye distilled away, and for every pound of that water put thereunto ℥. iii of Julep simple, and mix them well together, and keep it in a Bottle of glass well stopped, for this is marvellous in the cure where Sweatings is needful: For if ye give five or six ounces of this, as hot as he may suffer it, and cover him in the bed, he shall sweated marvellously, the which sweeting resolveth cold tumors, pains, and divers other indispositions, that are to be resolved by sweat. And as for the cure of the Pox, this is a most sovereign remedy, when there are tumors, or pains, or inflations. But when there are Ulcers, Scabs, or Inflammations, in that case you may not use it by any means, because it is very hot, and will 'cause greater inflammation. And therefore if any will use this Syrup to cure pains, swell, or inflammations, it were necessary first to take our Aromatico, written in this Book, with divers other Medicines of our Invention, that being done, let him take seven or eight times our Sirrupo solutivo,, and than begin to take this Syrup, and sweated thereon morning and evening: His meat shall be roast Mutton, or a Bird, Raisins, Dates, Almonds, and such like, but he must not eat too much. His bread shall be Biscuit, and his drink good wine at meals, and if it do hap that he be bound in the body, ye shall give him every week once our Sirrupo Solutivo, and so continued with his sweeting until he be helped.   

CHAP. XLIV. A Syrup of Juniper Berries.  
THis Syrup of Juniper Berry's is of great virtue, because it is one of those fruits that continueth green all the year: of the which herbs I have written a discourse in my book called La Physica del Phioravante, and the order to make it is thus.  
Take Juniper Berries when they begin to wax black four pound, and stamp them, and infuse them in twelve pound of strong white Wine six days, than distil it with two pound of white Honey, and ℥. i. of Cinnamon, until ye have received two pound, than take it from the fire, and strain out the Fesses that remained with a press, than strain it by a filter again, than with Sugar make a Syrup in good form, and when it is boiled, put therein the said water distilled from the berries, and so without fire incorporate them well together, and keep it in a glass close shut that it take no air: the dose is an ounce and a half to be taken warm. This is excellent for those that are troubled with wind, or coldness of the stomach, because it warmeth, drieth, and helpeth digestion, and therefore this would work miraculous effects in Almaign, because it is a cold Region, and that they eat many moist meats, the which Nature cannot well digest: It is also appropriate against pains of the Mother, because it provoketh menstrua, and purgeth the Matrix, and helpeth digestion, and causeth sleep, with divers other virtues.   

CHAP. XLV. To make a Syrup of the Bran of Wheat.  
THis Syrup is of marvellous virtue against divers infirmities, for by nature it is hot, and provoketh sweated, and urine, and serveth very much against the I rench diseases, if you can use it in his time and place, and it is made in this order.  
Take Bran one pound, and infuse it in twelve pound of white Wine, and so let it remain two days, than boil it in a glass with a Head and Receiver, until the third part be consumed, the which ye shall reserve to mix with it afterwards, than strain that in the glass, and pass it by a filter, and when it is clear, put thereunto the aforesaid which ye reserved: Than take Hony and Sugar, of each alike, and therewith make a Syrup according to art, and when it is made, aromatise it with a little Cinnamon, Cloves, Saffron, Lignum Aloes, and Musk, according to thy discretion, and for every pound of the said matter, ye shall put thereto half an ounce of our Vegetable Quintessence, and it shall be finished, the which keep close shut, for it is of such virtue, that it will not corrupt, the dose is from ℥. two. to three, to be taken warm, and than lie down to sweated, for this will resolve all infirmities that may be resolved by sweat. It is very profitable for those that are troubled with any old indisposition, as the Cough, the Catarrh, indisposition of the Stomach, and such like: Ye shall note, that this would not be used in the Summer, for because it is too hot for that time.   

CHAP. XLVI. To make a Syrup of Sarsa parilla, of our invention.  
THe Sarsa parilla is a Root that cometh from the Indieses, the which is hot and drying, of the which Physicians make Syrups and Potions for divers infirmities, wherein it is needful of drying by sweat: but until this time they have all abused themselves in the order, because all hot and dry things are spiritual, and so in making their decoction the spirits go away in fume, and the decoction remaineth senza anima, and virtue, in respect: ye shall understand, that the Sarsa parilla is a root miraculous in his operation, because it warmeth the cold, and drieth the humidity, and resolveth tumors, and healeth sores, and helpeth pains, when it is made according to our order, and because it is a Medicine in so common use, I will show thee the order to make this Syrup, that shall have both anima, and virtue, in so much that the world shall wonder at it: and the order to make it is thus.  
Take one pound of the best Sarsa parilla that ye can found, and cut it very small, and put it in a glass with one pound and a half of Honey, and ℥. i. of Cinnamon, and ℥. two. of Lignum Aloes, and put them in twelve pound of white Wine, and so let it stand four and twenty hours, and than distil it, until ye have received three pound of water, giving you charge, that the Receiver be great, and lute not the mouth but stop it with Tow lest it break, than take it from the fire, and let it wax cold, and when it is cold, pour forth that which is clear, and put it unto the water that ye distilled first, and keep it close, for it is a blessed Syrup: this being done, put upon the Fesses twenty pound of white Wine, and one pound of fine Sugar, and let it boil half an hour, and than strain it, and when the Physician will give it, he may give ℥. viij. at a time as hot as he may suffer it, and than lay him down to sweated as much as he can. And with his meat let him drink the last decoction, and thus the Physician shall reap honour, and the Patiented health, and therefore if any will have his intent, let him not break this our order in any respect.   

CHAP. XLVII. To make a Potion of China as it aught to be.  
THis China is a root like unto the root of Canna, the which is brought unto us out of India, from an Isle called China, from whence it took his name China, and there are of two sorts: the one is white and heavy, the other is great, and read, and light, and of this I have made no experience at all: But of the other I have had great experience, and by the help of God have resolved great and terrible diseases, and the order to condite them after our order is this.  
Take ℥. vi. of China, and ℥. iii of Lignum Aloes of the best that ye can find, and ℥. iii of Pollipodie, and ℥. i. of Coloquintida, beaten all these grossly, and put them into a distilling glass, with twenty pound of good Wine, than give it fire until ye have received three pound of water, than let it cool, and strain it, than put therein the water that ye distilled first, and incorporate them well together, and of this give ℥. iiii. at a time warm, than cast away the ●esses, for they are unprofitable. But the Syrup is of such virtue, that it resolveth tumors, sores, pains, and all other indispositions caused of the Pox. It serveth also for Doglie Artetich, for pains of the Gout, and for many other indispositions caused of crudity, and coldness of the humours, because it is of nature hot and drying, and his virtues are to dry: I have seen of this Syrup great experience in divers and sundry causes.   

CHAP. XLVIII. A Potion of Alchachengie, and wherefore it serveth.  
THis Herb Alchachengie with his fruit is aperative, and most profitable for those that cannot make water, by reason of alteration of the pores that are altered through cold, for this is hot and drying, by the which means, it resolveth the alterationof the aforesaid cause, and causeth the Urine to pass with ease; It helpeth the digestion, and comforteth the stomach, when it is grieved through wind or cold: And the order to make it is thus.  
Take that Herb, with Root, Leaves, fruit and all, and lay it to infuse in the water of Mallows, with the Herb pelitory, and there let them remain five or six days, than put thereunto course Sugar, and let it boil one hour and not more, and than strain it, and put thereunto a little Cinnamon, and than it is finished: and when you will occupy it against difficulty of Urine, give them thereof ℥. iiii. and keep them warm in bed, and they shall feel great ease.   

CHAP. XLIX. A pectoral Potion, of our new Invention.  
THis Potion is appropriate against the indisposition of the Breast and Stomach, and is of a marvellous operation, because it is aperative, softening the stomach, and mundifieth the breast, and maketh the heart merry: And this is most sovereign for the Cough, Catarr, and all the other indispositions, that come unto the breast through crudity, and viscosity of humours, and the order to make it is thus.  
Take Pomi Calimani, and Pomi Apiae, of each one pound, Quinces half a pound, common Honey, ℥. iiii. fine Sugar one pound, sweet white wine ten pound, water of Bugloss four pound, boil all these together in a Copper Vessel, that is well tinned within, until the Apples do begin to fall in pieces, than take it from the fire, and strain them through a strainer, without pressing of the Fesses, than put into that two drachms of Cinnamon, and than strain it by a filter four or five times, until it be clear, than keep it in a vessel of a glass close stopped, that it take no air. The quantity is ℥. iiii. as warm as ye may, take it in the morning, fasting at lest five or six hours after it, and if it be possible sleep thereon in your bed, for it is a thing of great virtue, in resolving the indisposition of the breast and stomach.   

CHAP. L. To make a Potion of Camedrios, and Iva Artetica, which dissolveth all Fevers that come with cold.  
THe Herb Iva Artetica, as I have showed in another place, is of marvellous virtue, also the Camedrios is of great virtue, and is hot and dry by nature. The Iva is good against the accident of the Fever, and the Camedrios dissolveth the melancholy humour; and therefore when a decoction is made of these two Herbs, it will work a marvellous effect in the cure of the said Fever, because it provoketh sweated, and assubtiliateth the grossness of the humour, and ex●inguisheth the accident of the Fever in such sort, that the Fever shall resolve with good success, and the order to make that Potion is thus.  
Take Camedrios, and Iva Artetica, of each one pound, and dry them in the shadow, Lignum Aloes ℥. i. the seed of Walwort ℥. iiii. common Honey ℥. vi. fine Sugar one pound, strong white wine xvii. pound: Mix all these together in a distilling glass, and so let it stand three days, than distil forth three pound, and let it cool, and strain it through a Searce, and put thereunto the water that ye distilled out before, than pass it by a filter three or four times until it be clear, than keep it in a Glass close shut that it take no air, and it will last a long time without corruption, and when any will take it against the said Fever coming with cold, give him every morning fasting ℥. v. warm, and let him lie down to sweated as much as he may, and fast thereron at the lest four hours, and take heed ye eat no things that are cold, and moist, for they will hinder the cure very much, and at night when he goeth to bed, give him ℥ iii warm, and if it hap that in his sleep he sweated, dry him well with warm clotheses, and thus doing, in short time he shall be delivered of that infirmity, for this I have used divers and sundry times to my great honour, and profit of the Patient.   

CHAP. LIVELY To make a Potion that is good against all Infirmities.  
THis is a Magistral Potion, the which helpeth against all Infirmities, by reason that it destroyeth all the evil qualities in our bodies, it comforteth Nature, helpeth digestion, provoketh Urine, and looseth the body, the which things are most comfortable to our bodies, and the order to make it is thus.  
Take the seed of Quinces, ℥. x. the Pills of Citrons, ℥. vi. Balm, Nettles, of each, ℥. iiii. beaten all these grossly, and infuse them in twelve pound of strong white wine, and there let it remain six days, than distil it with ℥. vi. of Honey, and ℥. xv. of Sugar, until ye have received two pound of water, than take it from the fire and let it cool, and strain it by a filter, and than put therein the first water, and eight grains of Musk, dissolved with a little Rose-water about ℥. two. and than for every pound of the said matter, put thereunto ℈. i. of Oil of Vitriol, and incorporate them well together, than keep it in a glass close stopped that it take no air, and of this ye shall take ℥. i. in the morning cold, and fast thereon; for whosoever doth use this in his health shall seldom be sick, but live in health. For in this composition there entereth the seed of Quinces, that resolve the evil quality of the Stomach, and make the heart merry: The Pomcitrone pills preserve and help digestion: The Balm purifieth the blood, healeth the Liver, causeth good digestion, and comforteth the ●eart: The Nettles warmeth, provoketh Urine, and mundifieth the Reinss, and resolveth the malignity of the Sinews: The Wine comforteth Nature, strengtheneth the Head, and sustaineth the strength: The Musk is warm by Nature, and resolveth the windiness, and purgeth the blood: The Oil of Vitriol healeth all the Scoriaciones of the Mouth, the Breast, and Stomach, and preserveth the body from all corruption: So by this ye may see of what importance this Composition is, through the virtue of the Simples that are therein: so to conclude, I say, that this is one of the best Compositions that can be made, because of his nature: It letteth alteration in our bodies, and helpeth against all diseases or infirmities, and prolongeth life.   

CHAP. LII. An Infusion with Wine most precious against the Gout.  
THe Gout is a putrified and rotten disease, as I have written of in divers places, and the cure thereof is hard, because it were needful to help many inconveniences before ye come to the cure. Nevertheless, it is a strange thing to see divers, that after they are cured they have no care to preserve them: so that look which way they got it, that way it will come again, but if they would use defensives and preservatives, they may remain well, and therefore I have devised this Wine, the which they shall continually drink: for as long as they use this Wine, the Gout shall never trouble them, and the order to ma●e it is thus.  
Take Vino negro that is sweet and pleasant, about twelve gallons, and put it in a vessel that is well seasoned, and in that Wine put fine Lignum Aloes in powder ℥. iii Pollipodie of the Oa● ℥. iiii. Sena of Levant ℥. two. Musk dissolved in Rose-water ten grains, common Honey two pound, than let it repose until it be clear, and than begin to drink thereof; for this Wine purgeth, the which if it purge too much, ye shall refrain it now and than, according as ye found your body: This doth not only help the Gout, but all kinds of pains caused of corruption of humours, because it drieth, resolveth, and preserveth, the which are convenient to preserve the body.   

CHAP. LIII. Another artificial Wine, against the stitch in the side, and gravel.  
THe stitch in the side, and the gravel in the Reinss, are somewhat of kin together, because they are caused of one cause, that is, of vapours corrupt and rotten, and of grossness, and evil qualities of the humours, the which, one with the other, engender that infirmity, which in some men is no other than an evil indisposition inwardly, the which is very hard to be helped, for if thou wilt resolve it, it were necessary, first to remove the evil quality, and than cure it, and after they are cured to preserve them, that the said indisposition return not again, and in so doing thy cure shall have good success, and therefore I have made this Wine to preserve thee from that indisposition, and the order to make it is thus.  
Take as it were a Hogshead or a Barrel of good white Wine, that containeth about eighteen gallons of Wine, in the which ye shall put Carduus Benedictus ℥. two. Saxifrage ℥. vi. Walwort ℥. iiii. Pollipodie ℥ iiii. Cinnamon ℥. i. Spikenard half an ounce, Lignum Aloes ℥. two. fine Sugar three pound, than let it repose three or four days, and than begin to drink it, for ye may use it with small wine, or water, or in what order ye william. And in the mean time that ye take this drink, ye shall not eat fat Pork, nor any other fat meat, nor Butter, Milk, Cheese, or Pie-crusts, or such like things, that are of gross and hard digestion, because they will let the operation of this wine. For whose ever doth use this wine, shall never be troubled with those kinds of infirmities, because it doth losen the belly, mundify, cleanse, and preserve from all evil qualities. I call to remembrance that in the City of Naples, where I dwelled six years, I caused divers and sundry persons to use this Wine, and they found such profit thereby, that it was to be wondered at, for in that City there were many troubled with the said indisposition, in respect of Hog's flesh, fish, and such other moist things as they commonly eat in that City, and therefore whosoever useth this Wine shall not be troubled with the said infirmities.   

CHAP. LIV. To make a Quintessence of marvellous virtue.  
THe Quintessence is so called, because it is an essence taken from the Elements without corrupting the said Elements; and therefore it is called Quinta essentia: for it is an essence above the four Elements, the which hath a marvellous virtue in preserving, and conserving all things from putrefaction, and is of so much virtue, that drinking thereof every morning half an ounce when they rise out of their bed, it preserveth them for ever in health. It healeth wounds and all sores, washing them therewith. It preserveth all flesh, fish, and fruits, that is put therein, and the order to make it is thus.  
Take good strong Wine fourteen pound, common Honey one pound, Aniseed, Coriander, Lignem Aloes, Calamus Aromaticus, of each ℥. iii Rosewater ℥. iiii. Beaten all the aforesaid things grossly, and infuse them in the said Wine two days, and than put them in a Gourd of glass, and distil it by Balneo, so long until the water that cometh forth do burn, and when it will not burn, distil not more, than keep that which is distilled in a glass close stopped that it take no air, and so keep it until thou have occasion to use it, for it is a most rare liquor, because, as I have said before, it resolveth all the indispotions that hap unto man's body. For of this Composition the ancient Doctors had small knowledge, nor of many things more written in this book. If any man desire to have this Quintessence more perfecter, let him take a tenth part of good Honey, with a little fine Cinnamon, and distil it again by Balneo, and the Hegm will remain all in the bottom of the vessel, and the Quintessence will be so fine, that the air will take it away, and therefore he that can make this well, shall work strange cures therewith, so that the world will wonder thereat:   

CHAP. LV. To make Diatartaro, the which is marvellous in divers infirmities.  
THis Diatartaro is good against pain of the stomach, of the body, and for those that are slipticke of body, that cannot go to stool, and such like matters, because it is of nature temperate and lenitive, and hath virtue to heat and dissolve the evil quality, and it is made in this order.  
Take Pears of what sort ye will, and cut them in four pieces, than boil them in water till they be soft, and that the water be almost consumed, than pass it through a strainer, and put thereunto as much white Honey purified as it weigheth, and thereof make an Electuary in good form, and when it is made, aromatise it with Musk, than for every pound of the said Electuary, put thereunto ℥. i. of perfect oil of Tartar, made by dissolution after it is calcined white: But ye shall note, that the Oil must be put in when the Electuary is cold, and so mix it together, than keep it in a glazen vessel. The dose is from ℥ ss. to an ounce in the morning fasting, and eat no meat in four hours after: for this, as I have said, will cure the indisposition of the Stomach, pains of the Milt, pains of the Body that have continued long, pains of the Mother, and such like things that are caused of cold and most humours.   

CHAP. LVI. A Composition of great value to comfort the Stomach.  
AMong all the compositions that the Apothecaries have, this is one of the best and most perfectest, because it comforteth the stomach that is weak, and spoilt through a long and fastidious infirmity, for it is of a temperate heat, and helpeth to digest, causeth sleep, and comforteth the breast, and the composition is this.  
Take the best Honey that ye can get, and clarify it with Rose-water and the white of an Egg, as ye would do Sugar, and scum it very well, than take as much fine Sugar as ye have of Honey, and incorporate them together on a small fire, and when it is come to the thickness of an Electuary or thereabout, for every pound of the said matter, ye shall put ℥. i. of our Quinteslence Vegetable, and ℥. two. of Oil of Almonds newly made, and stir them well together being cold, than put thereto a little Musk and Cinnamon to give it a pleasant smell, than keep it close: The quantity is ℥. i more or less according to the strength of the stomach; ye may temper it with good broth if ye will, and fast thereon four hours at the lest, and thou shalt see strange effects of this composition.   

CHAP. LVII. To make a stomachall Emplaster to cause digestion where it wanteth.  
THere are many causes that hinder digestion, as through coldness of the Stomach, through heat, through moistness or dryness, or through superfluous choler, or phlegm, or melancholy, of the which things the Physician cannot certify himself which it is, so by that means many proved divers Remedies for that indisposition, and cannot found the way to help it. And therefore I will show thee a plaster that hath all these four principal intentions; that is, to help digestion, strengthen the stomach, make the heart merry, which things are all necessary to preserve a man within good temperature and health, and the Remedy is this.  
Take these Herbs gathered in their times and dried, that is, Sage, Rosemary, Wormwood, Balm, Saint Johns-wort, Nettles, of each as much you will, beaten them finely, and searce them: than take for every pound of that powder of Cinnamon, ℥. i half an ounce of Cloves, and as much Lignum Aloes, and ten grains of Musk dissolved in Rosewater; than take for every pound, of good Honey ℥. two. and as much Vinegar, and make them into the form of a liquid Plaster, and when thou wilt occupy it, spread it upon a cloth warm, and lay it to the stomach, and in the mean while eat restorative meats, and drink small wine.   

CHAP. LVIII. A rare Secret to help the Eyes.  
THis is a great Secret for those that have lost the sight of their Eyes, and was never written of before of any man, but of me, and the order to make it is thus.  
Take Swallows and stamp them feathers and all in a Mortar, than take for every pound of that, ℥. iiii. of bread, and four pound of white wine, and so let it stand six days to infuse, than distil it by Balneo until all the substance be come forth, than keep that water in a glass close stopped, and set it in the Sun twenty days, and than use morning and evening to drop it in the eyes, and thou shalt see strange operations of the same Experiment, for it taketh away the dimness of the eye, quickeneth the sight, and comforteth the brain, that it cannot be hurt by any means.   

CHAP. LIX. To make a Liquer to comfort the Smelling, and to preserve the Head.  
THe Smelling is one of the five Senses of our Body, of the which fourfooted beasts have great use; for they will not receive any thing into the body before they have smelled unto it, and than if it be against their nature, they will not eat it, and therefore this smelling is that which preserveth the hearing, the seeing and the taste; for if the nose take an evil smell, all the other senses have part: For if ye smell to Onions or Scallions, the taste will be troubled, the eyes will weep, the ears will also be troubled: And to the contrary, when a man smelleth a good smell, it comforteth the eyes, the hearing, and taste, and for that cause I have made this liquor, to comfort the Smelling, for by that the whole body is comforted, and the order to make it is thus.  
Take Lignum Aloes ℥. two. anise seed, ℥. iiii. Calamus Aromaticus ℥. i. calamint dried, three ounces, common Honey two pound, strong white wine twelve pound, let all these be infused for four days, and than distil it in Balneo, and when ye distil it, put into the Receiver six grains of Musk dissolved in two ounces of Rosewater, and distil away but three pound, the which keep in a glass close stopped, and when ye will comfort the smelling, wash the face and beard therewith, and thou shalt smell a savour of marvellous effect, the which comforteth Nature marvellously: It comforteth the Stomach, and helpeth a stinking breath: It helpeth the mouth being ulcerated, and those that have the Rupture in short time, if ye wash it twice a day therewith. It helpeth also women that are troubled with dissension of the Matrix, if ye wet a cloth therein and lay it upon the Mother, in short space it shall receive great health. Also it helpeth those that are troubled with the Meagrum, or pains in the Head coming of cold or wind, if ye wash the Head with the said Liquor, presently they shall feel ease, with divers other virtues, the which I will leave until another time.   

CHAP. LX. A Decoction of the Vine, and wherefore it serveth.  
THis Decoction is a composition of our Inveution, and may be made in the same order as ye do with Lignum vitae, or Sarsaparilla, and hath no less virtue against contagious diseases, and hath so great virtue in drying and resolving, that it is to be wondered at, and may be used in all causes in stead of Sarsaparilla, or Lignum vitae, or China, and this I have found out by great travel and experience, and the order to make it is thus.  
Take the Roots of the Vine, or the stalks, and cut them small, than take thereof two pound, and infuse them in strong Vinegar until they be covered, than put thereunto xii. pound of common water, and one pound of white Honey, and boil them until the consumption of the third part, so that there remain eight pound, than strain it, and put thereunto lb ss. of Julep simple, than keep it in a glass close shut to thy use, for it serveth against many diseases or infirmities, and for those that have lost their appetite, if they take thereof four ounces morning and evening warm, and fast thereon four or five hours, in short time they shall recover it again. It is also good for those that are troubled with the Colic: It also engendereth Milk in women's breasts; it ceaseth pains of the Matrix, and also the Cough, Catarr, and pains of the Reinss, and such like, the which I will not speak of at this time. Also of the seed of the Grape I have made an oil by Expression, as they make oil of Linseed and other seed, the which is of so much virtue, that it helpeth in manner against all indispositions, and especially against Ulcers and Wounds by his proper quality, for unto this oil ye can neither attribute heat, not dryness, moistness nor cold, but only a temperate thing, the which thou mayest know by his experience. If ye use to eat of this oil, it mittigateth and healeth all the indispositions of the body, for it is of so much sustenance and virtue, that it preserveth the body in temperature: And these have I found out by experience.   

CHAP. LXI. To make a composition of the Herb Mercury.  
THis Herb Mercury is of so much virtue that the tongue cannot express it, and many Philosophers have assigned unto it Celestial virtue, because it preserveth a man in a youthful state a long time, and from infirmities: It maketh the heart merry, the which it doth by his secret and hidden virtues, and the order to make the said composition is thus.  
Take the Juice of this Herb in May when it is with flour, and strain it through a filter until it be clear, than take of that juice i. pound, Julip simple half a pound, fine rectified Aqua vitae without phlegm ℥. vi. Pure Oil of Vitriol, ʒ. two. fine Musk two Carrots; Mix these together in a glass, and stop it very well, and set it in the Sun forty days together, and look that ye take it in every night: that time being expired, you may use it when ye will, and the order to use it is thus. Ye shall take in the morning ℥. i. with two or three ounces of the broth of a Capon, or other flesh, and fast thereon four or five hours at the lest, and thus using it two months together, it will be impossible to have any infirmity a long time after, by the virtue of the said composition. Among the rest I saw once a Gentleman that had the Palsy one and twenty months, the which by using of this composition the space of ten months was perfectly whole. Another Composition also I have made, the which is of marvellous virtue, and is in this order.  
Take the Herb Mercury when it is flowered, and accompany it with Wine and Honey, than distil it, and separate the Elements according to Art, and thou shalt have a most rare Medicine, wherewith thou mayest help many infirmities. But first I would counsel you, ere you use this, to prepare the body with taking once our Aromatico, the which cleanseth both the stomach and body, and thus doing thou shalt reap fame.   

CHAP. LXII. A Medicine of Lappaciole Minor, the which is marvellous in curing any sort of Catarrh.  
THere are four kinds of these, according to the writing of Dioscorides, but that which the Author doth writ of in this place, is that which Dioscorides calleth Xanthium, and in the Shops it is called Lappa Minor, and Lappa Inversa, and in the Italian Lappaciole Minore, and in English it is called the Ditch-Bur and Louse-Bur. Take that herb with the root and all, what quantity ye will, and distil thereof a water, the which keep unto thy use, and when ye will use it against the Catarrh, take of that water four ounces, with white crude Honey half an ounce, mix them well together, and drink it in the morning warm as soon as ye rise, and fast thereon four or five hours, and use a reasonable diet in your meat and drink, and eat nothing that may offend the Catarrh, and so using this remedy for a month together, thou shalt help any sort of Catarrh perfectly, by virtue of that herb. For this I have experimented divers and sundry times in poor and simple Catarrhs. But if they come of the Pox, or Hectic, in that case it may pleasure them much, but yet not cure them. Ye shall note, that it would be necessary for the Patient to take a dose of our Aromatico before he take the said Medicine, because our Aromatico disposeth the Catarrh to solution, whereby it may be the sooner cured.   

CHAP. LIII. Of Pollipodie, and his virtues.  
THis herb is well known to most men, and hath great virtue against old griefs, and oppilations, and all indispositions that come through distemperment of humours, because it evacuateth the body, cleanseth the head, and purgeth the blood: and the order to make it is thus.  
Take Pollipodie two ounces, Seen one ounce, Lignum Aloes half an ounce, mix these well together in a stone mortar, than take white Wine as much as ye will, and for every pound of Wine put thereto ℥. i. of that mixture, and so let it stand four and twenty hours, and than drink it, for it will purge without any pain, those that have any indisposition of the stomach, weakness of the legs, and faintness of the body, and such like. For ye shall understand, the Pollipodie purgeth Phlegm, and the Seine purgeth Choler, as by the viscosity is known: The Lignum Aloes preserveth nature, so that by the ingredients ye may know the virtue of this composition. Ye shall understand, that this root would be gathered when the Sun is afar of; and that the cold time of the year doth begin to draw on, for than they are of most force.   

CHAP. LXIV. Of the Olive, and his virtues.  
TAke common Oil, the which is made of the Olive, two pound, Frankincense one pound, Turpentine one pound, distil them together in a Retort two days long, than separate the oil from the water, and keep each alone, than take forth the Fesses out of the Retort, the which is a miracle of Nature, because it serveth against all Infirmities, where it is applied. It helpeth broken bones wonderfully, and these secrets I have found out by experience. There is also drawn out of the wood a liquor by dissension, the which is black of colour, and is of marvellous virtue against pains. A little of this Oil being mixed with Oil of Sulphur, helpeth all putrified and corrosive Ulcers that are caused of putrefaction of humours. The Lie made of the Ashes of Olives, preserveth the beard and hair in their natural colour, if ye wash the head often therewith. Of this Oil I have made a great discourse in my Chirurgery.   

CHAP. LXV. Of Ciperous, and his virtues.  
THis herb being put into new Wine, when it worketh in the Hogshead, giveth it a pleasant savour, and whosoever useth to drink of that Wine, it will defend him from all interior passions that are caused of ventosity, and helpeth those that are troubled with the Rupture, because it resolveth the wind, and hath a restrictive virtue. It purgeth the blood marvellously, and causeth digestion, and of this I have seen the experience. Also I saw one, that in the months of April, May, and June, took the roots of Ciperous and beaten them to powder, and made thereof a plaster, and laid it upon the Rupture, changing it every day once: and also he eat of the said roots, and so in short time he was helped; and that experiment I have seen divers times. Also if ye take those nodes or knots that are on the roots, and stamp them, and boil them with common Oil, Frankincense, and yellow Wax, until it become black of colour, it will cure wounds marvellously, it mittigateth the pains in all old sores, it cureth all pains coming of humidity and wind: Moreover, if ye anoint the body with the said Oil, and drink the Wine wherein hath lain infused the said root, it will preserve it marvellously. And among all other things that I saw of this Ciperous; there was a Merchant called Nicolo Carbolo, the which was of the age of thirty years, and was troubled with a kind of scab like a Leper, and had carried it long, the which I caused to make this Oil, and he did not only anoint him therewith, but also drunk thereof every morning ℥. ss. with wine, so that in short time he became so whole and sound, that it was to be wondered at.   

CHAP. LXVI. Of Rew, and his virtues.  
TAke Rew when it is seeded, but yet not dry, and stamp it in a Mortar, and for every pound of Rew, put thereto ℥. vi. of Turpentine, and as much of the yolks of Eggs hard sod, and incorporate them well together; than put it in a glass close stopped, and set it to putrify in warm dung five and twenty days, than distil it by a Retort according unto art, until all the substance be come forth, the which will be both Oil and water, the which ye shall separate. The water serveth against all pains of the belly that are caused of cold and moistness; the dose is ʒ. ss. in some warm broth, and may be taken at any time. Also giving it to any that hath a I ever coming with cold, it will help him in short time: yea, some have been cured at once or twice taking the same. Moreover, the Oil is most sovereign against cold griefs, as well inward as outward, it preserveth those greatly, that take every morning a drachm with sweet wine, and fast thereon four or five hours. Also for outward griefs it is most excellent, if ye anoint them therewith cold, because it resolveth and drieth all evil qualities of our bodies: besides these experiences, I have made an Oil of the seed of Rew by expression, the which is of so much virtue, that if ye anoint the head therewith, it causeth a good memory unto those that have lost it, or are weak by reason of humidity, or cold.   

CHAP. LXVII. Of Wormwood, and his virtues.  
THis herb Wormwood is of great virtue, if ye can use it well: for if any lean persons or evil coloured use the same, it will bring them to their perfect health and colour, and the order to make it is thus.  
Take Wormwood and distil it in Balneo, than put thereunto Oil of Vitriol, as much as will suffice to make it tart, and thereof use every morning one spoonful fasting, and in short time it will restore thee to perfecter health than ever thou wast before, and bring thy colour again.   

CHAP. LXVIII. Of Gratia Dei, and his virtues and operation in divers infirmities.  
THis Gratia Dei is an herb well known unto most men, and is like unto Germander, and bitter in taste, and it aught to be gathered in July and August, and must be dried in the shadow, hanging so that it may touch nothing, and than ℈ i of this powder will provoke vomit, and ease Nature. It helpeth also putrified Ulcers, if ye make a decoction thereof with Lie, and than wet clotheses therein, and lay them upon the sore; for as it causeth to vomit and evacuateth the stomach, so neither more nor less it causeth the Ulcer to vomit, or purge, and healeth it with great speed: It helpeth much those that are Frenzy, by reason that it mundifieth the stomach and body from such putrefaction.  
A most excellent composition of this Herb. Take thereof in fine powder, ℥ i Cinnamon, ʒ. i. Cloves, ℈. i. Wheat flower one pound, Zucche compost conduit. ℥. three Oranges condited, one ounce, beaten them altogether, and make thereof a past with Honey, and form it like a loaf, and set it in an Oven to bake, but take heed it do not burn, and when thou wilt use it, give thereof one ounce, and it will purge gallantly, and is very delectable to be eaten. This Purgation is divine in many infirmities, but above all other against Scrophule, the white Scall, and Scabs, because it evacuateth only the superfluous humidity, and drieth, and is appropriate for these infirmities: For ye shall note, that all Soluble Medicines do not serve in one infirmity, because one is. Choleric, the other Sanguine, one Phlegmatic, and the other Melancholy, and for that cause it is necessary to found the proper Medicine for the infirmity. The Rhabarb purgeth Choler: The Eleborus Melancholy; the Ebulus or walwort Phlegm, and the Gratia dei the blood, so that every one hath his property.   

CHAP. LXIX. Of walwort and his Virtues and Operations.  
Wallwort is an Herb well known, and groweth in a fat ground, and hath leaves, flowers, and seed like Elder, and is of such virtue that it is to be wondered at, for if it were brought unto us from far Countries, it would be accounted above all other herbs, but being so familiar among us, we make no account thereof. This Herb called walwort or Dainwort, by his property and nature provoketh vomit and dissolveth the body, if ye drink the juice thereof, or eat the Herb green: The water distilled of this Root being drunk, and applied outwardly with wet clotheses unto the Gout, it taketh away the pain. If ye give the juice of this Herb with Sirrup-of-Acetose to drink, it will help frantic Fevers. The pounder of his leaves hath great operation in all sorts of putrified Ulcers, because it taketh away the pain, mundifieth, and incarnateth, with divers other virtues, the which if I should writ them they would not be credited, and therefore I leave it to the Experimentor.   

CHAP. LXX. Of Millefolie or Yarrow, and his great virtue.  
THis Herb Millefolie, is well known unto most men; and of many is little esteemed, because it groweth so commonly amongst us. This Herb being green, is a miraculous and divine remedy, to help any sorts of fresh and bleeding wounds, if ye stamp a handful thereof, and lay it thereupon the lips being close joined together, within the space of four and twenty hours it shall be perfectly whole. If ye drink three ounces of the juice of this Herb with new Milk, morning and evening, it will help Gonorrea in short time. It is also an excellent remedy for those that have their Liver and Lungs ulcerated, for this I have proved divers and sundry times in Goats, the which are troubled with a certain infirmity, the which is called Bissole of the Goat-keepers, for they are certain Imposthumes that do engender in the Liver and the Lungs, and causeth them to die. I than seeing that in the interior parts of the Goats, made this experience, I took Millefolie made in powder, and gave it unto the Goats with Salt, and for the most part they were helped; and after that I cured a number of men and women of that disease, for of that infirmity there die a great number in the world. And with the said order aforesaid, thou mayest save a number, but it must be mixed with Sal artificiato Leonardo. Those that are Ettici and Tesici die commonly through Imposthumes and Ulcers that are caused in the Liver, for of this I have seen above an hundred. For after they were dead, I have caused them to be opened to see the experience. You shall understand, that this Herb Millefolie hath a great property to heal those Ulcers. And therefore the Chirurgeon that understandeth not Physic, can ill help those Ulcers inwardly, because he cannot apply his Unguents and Plasters, as he doth outwardly. And those kind of Ulcers cannot be known, but of those which have seen them, and have seen the success of their diseases, and therefore I may well discourse thereof, because of them have passed a great number through my hands, and I have seen them with mine eyes. So that I conclude, that all which I have said is two things, the one is, to see the thing in fact, the other, to have approved Medicines to help them. A most excellent composition of this Herb, the which helpeth wounds in very short time.  
Take this Herb when it is flowered, and ready to seed, and put thereunto Bdellium, Frankincense, and common oil, and make thereof as it were Mustard, than distil it with a gentle fire, with great diligence, as ye distil our Oleum Benedictum, and thou shalt have a rare Secret against all manner of wounds, so that it causeth the world to wonder at his operation.   

CHAP. LXXI. Of Gentian and his Experiments, approved by me many times.  
THis Herb is well known, and his virtue is most in the Root, and is a miraculous and divine remedy for those that have pains within the body caused of wind, and also for those that have the Stitch in the side, if ye give the powder thereof in sweet white wine, for presently it taketh away the pain, because his nature is to dissolve wind, the which is caused of oppilations of the Pores through abundance of humidity, and the Gentian hath virtue to dry and dissolve wind, and so Nature doth evaporate the ventosity: And this is the reason why the Gentian doth that effect.   

CHAP. LXXII. Of Imperatoria and his great experience that it doth against pains of the Mother.  
THis Herb is of great virtue in his operation, if his Root be made in powder, and given to eat with Honey unto a woman that is troubled with the Mother, either through cold or heat. For if they be grieved through cold, the Imperatoria which is hot, doth dissolve it, and they shall be delivered. If it be through heat, the heat is always windy, because the heat is none other thing, than a humour retained in those parts, the which this herb by his proper virtue and quality doth resolve. So that whether it be cold or hot, this virtuous herb helpeth them with great speed, for this I have proved an infinite number of times. Moreover this herb hath great virtue to comfort the stomach, and causeth digestion, and to preserve all the body, and for that cause the Ancients have called it Imperatoria.   

CHAP. LXXIII. Of Cardo Sancto and his virtues particular, the which I have proved.  
THere are many kind of herbs, the which are called Cardi, but unto that which they call Cardo Sancto; they have added Sancto, because the people should know, that it is an herb of great value in certain diseases, so that it is to be wondered at for his operation. And that which have seen, thereof will I writ in this place, that is, if ye stamp this herb when it is green, and lay it upon the wound, it will heal it miraculously, and with great speed. Also the juuce or powder of the said herb being given to drink unto those that have worms; presently it helpeth them. This Herb being deied and infused in Aqua vitae, and given to drink to any that is grieved with any grievous pains, in short time he shall be whole. This Herb is also good for the sight of the eyes: If ye make a past thereof with Bread and Honey, and distil it with white wine, it is most excellent. It hath also two great Virtues to preserve human bodies, the which I have proved, the one is outwardly, and the other inwardly, and they are made in this order.  
Take Carduus Benedictus when it beginneth to flour, and stamp it grossly, and infuse it in common oil and Aqua vitae, with a little Frankincense, and there let them remain, until they be macerated, than boil them and strain it, than take thereof a third part, and put thereto a little Virgin wax, and let it boil, until it begin to fume, and turn to a black colour, than strain it, and keep it in a glass close shut, that it take no air, than if ye take one drachm of the oil with sweet wine cold, it will resolve any infirmity, and preserve them that use it in health; with the black liquor ye shall anoint all the body when ye go to bed, cold, the which doth not only resolve the evil quality, but preserveth a man in good state. It maintaineth the hair black, so that it shall not wax white: It killeth worms in the body, with divers other things, that I will leave until another time.   

CHAP. LXXIV. Of sweet Marjoram, and of his Secrets the which I have proved.  
MArjoram hath great and rare virtues, the which I have proved, because others might know them and use them, when occasion shall serve. And first I will writ of the juice, the which is of such strength and virtue, that one ounce thereof being mixed with one drachm of Oil of bitter Almonds, and one scruple of Mastic in powder, being sunffed up at the nose, until it come unto the mouth, it purgeth the head of all pains, dissolveth tumors, quickeneth the sight, and causeth sleep, and helpeth the head of all infirmities: Also Margerum put into Vinegar, with Cloves and Cinnamon, and make thereof an Epithema, it dissolveth the evil disposition of the stomach, and quickeneth the appetite, and provoketh sleep, and being eaten in Salads, it comforteth the Stomach marvellously, with divers other virtues, the which I have not seen.   

CHAP. LXXV. Of the Herb called Laciola, or Ophio Glossen, of some Adder's tongue, or Lancea Christi.  
THis Herb is of marvellous virtue, for if it be laid upon a wound, either green or dry, it healeth it marvellously, and with speed, and that it doth by his hidden and secret virtue. The decoction of this Herb healeth wounds inwardly, and also other offences, it helpeth the Rupture in young children, being new done, if ye lay it thereon, and bind it hard with a Truss, these Virtues I have seen of this Herb.   

CHAP. LXXVI. Of Hypericon or Saint Johns-wort.  
THere is an Oil made of the Seed of this Herb by expression, the which being anointed upon a wound, it doth heal it with great speed. It is also excellent for those which have the Pitechie that is, a certain disease so called in the Italian tongue, it is also most excellent against all Poisons. This Herb is also good against scabs, if ye anoint them with the juice, and drink his decoction, because it quencheth and cooleth the superfluous heat. And this it doth by his proper quality, and hidden virtue.   

CHAP. LXXVII. Of Nettles, and his virtue in many operations.  
THis herb is commonly known among us, and is of marvellous virtue, and his effects are uncredible. Nevertheless, I will not let to show one experiment of it, the which is marvellous, and is this: Take a Capon, and pull away all his feathers from his breast, and beaten him with Nettles, and he will call in the young Chickens, and govern them like the Hen. Nettles being dried and made into powder, and given to eat unto a man, it will provoke venereous acts, being used to be eaten in meats, it purgeth the Matrix, it helpeth scabs, if you wash them with his decoction, and mittigateth all pains coming of cold, making a bath thereof; his decoction helpeth the toothache, with many other virtues that I have not proved. But truly I believe, that if any would give himself to seek experience in this herb, he should see strange things. For I have always seen that in these kind of herbs, that naturally will not be touched, God and Nature hath given great virtue.   

CHAP. LXXVIII. Of Hyssop of the Mountain.  
THis herb hath great virtue, for if his decoction be given to drink unto those that have the flux of Urine, in short time it will help them: The like doth his decoction in wounds imposthumated, for if ye wash them therewith, it will mundify, and restrain, and bring it presently to be whole. Also if ye make powder thereof, and lay it upon a fresh wound, it will help it presently, and that it doth by his great estranged virtue. It helpeth the Cough, being infufed in Wine and drunk.   

CHAP. LXXIX. A great secret of a kind of Betonie.  
THere is found in the field a certain kind of betony, the which is the length of an arm or more, and as big in the stalk as a Goose quill, and it is four square, and the leaf is much like unto the Oaken leaf, and his flour is much like the colour of a Violet, and his seed is black, and much like unto the grains of Gunpowder, and this herb in Lombardy is called Betonica, and in the Realm of Naples it is called Centra galla, and of this herb I have seen great virtues and experience, and especially when it beginneth to flour until it be seeded: for if ye distil it with sweet Wine, and receive thereof only the fourth part, it will restore the sight unto those that are almost blind: It comforteth a weak stomach very much, if ye drink thereof every morning three or four drachms. The Fesses which remain in the glass being mixed with Hony and a little Zedoaria, belpeth women that are troubled with the Mother, if they drink thereof every morning ℥. viij. warm. This herb being bruiesd with Wine and Salt, and laid upon a fresh wound every three days once, helpeth the same with speed: Also if ye put one of his seeds into the eyes, and there let it remain so long as ye may suffer it, it will clear the sight marvellously, for it hath been proved many times. It helpeth those kind of Scabs the which are most evil to be helped, being mixed in this order.  
Take the juice of this herb, although it be somewhat dry and hard to get forth, and for every ounce of that juice, put thereunto ℥. iiii. of the Oil of Frankincense that cometh forth last in the distillation, and boil them a little together until it begin to fume, than take it from the fire and strain it through a cloth, and when ye go to bed anoint all the scabs therewith cold, and thou shalt see a most strange cure, never written of before by any man, the which I have proved divers and sundry times, and is a secret to be used on noble personages, because it doth his effect without letting of blood, and: purging, most wonderful to behold: So that it is to be accounted rather a divine Medicine than human; for truly I have done more cures with this herb than with any other that ever I used.   

CHAP. LXXX. Of the effects of Wine, and what cometh thereof.  
FIrst I will speak of Wine and his qualities. You shall understand, that Wine is a liquor the which changeth into divers kinds differing from his own nature: And first it changeth into Vinegar of itself without any artifice, the which can never be turned into Wine again. Also they separate from Wine Aqua vitae, the which being separated cannot be turned into Wine again. Also Wine maketh, by settling itself, a certain stone called Tartar, the which can never be turned into Wine again, nor yet into Vinegar. And thus when the workman doth transmute or change it, it cannot be turned again into his first quality. Wine is very apt to corrupt, and to change into other kinds, but after that it changeth or transmuteth, it is uncorruptible: for when it is turned into Vinegar, it is apt to conserve all things Vegetable and Animal that is put therein, but not the Minerals, for by nature it is enemy unto them. There is also separated from. Wine Aqua vitae, the which is conservatrix of all Medicines; for when it is circulated and made into a Quintessence it becometh celestial, as I have showed in my other books, and therewith thou mayest help many infirmities, because it mittigateth all pains, and dissolveth in a manner all infirmities, and especially when it is compounded in this manner.  
Take of that Quintessence four parts, Oil of Sulphur and Vitriol of each one part, Julep of Violets sixty parts: Mix them all together, and it will be of such virtue, that if ye give ʒ. i. thereof to drink to one that lay at the point of death, it would recover him, because it breaketh choler, preserveth the stomach, causeth an appetite, and helpeth any sort of Fever, and preserveth both men and women in lusty state, if they use it oftentimes; for these experiences I have seen divers times. Also of the Tartar ye may may make Oil, the which is of marvellous virtue, both in Physic, chirurgery, and Alchemy. There is also drawn forth of Tartar, his spirit and oil in this order, as Andernacus writeth, the which is most profitable against sundry infirmities, and the order to make it is thus.  
Take white Tartar and beaten it to powder four pound, and put it into a stone pot or glass well luted, and set it in a furnace to distil with a great Receiver close luted, lest all the fumes come forth or break the glass, than give it first a small fire, and so increase it as though thou wouldst draw a strong water, and so continued it until there come forth no more spirits, than let it wax cold, and take forth the liquor, and put it into an upright glass with his head and receiver, and distil away the water in Balneo, than take that oil which is in the bottom, and distil it in Sand or Ashes, and there will come forth at the first a yellowish oil, and so by little and little it will change colour, and become blacker and blacker, and thick like unto a Balm, or a Syrup. You shall understand, that the first Liquor separated in Balneo, is called Liquor fecularum vini, or Spiritus Tartari, the oil which ye rectified in Sand, is called Oleum fecularum vini, sive Mumia fecularum vini the which is most effectual and profitable in curing all running Ulcers that goeth creeping upon the flesh, and especially those that come Ex lue venerea, for this Mumia doth so cure those malign Ulcers, that their malice can hurt not more, but shall be quite extincted: Being drunk with wine, it doth break and expel the Stone in the Reinss and Bladder, it provoketh Urine and purgeth Ulcers. Furthermore, ʒ. i. of the liquor or spirit of Tartar, being drunk with water of fumitory or Hirundinariae or such like, as is most convenient for Pustulas gallicas ex anthemate ericipelas, the Dropsy, Water betwixt the skin and the flesh, Fevers, Menstrua, and all obstructions of those parts; it will work all those effects more effectual if it be taken with water of treacle, the which is made as hereafter followeth. Also ye shall understand that this spirit of Tartar must be rectified four or five times from the calces of his Fesses in Balneo, to take away his stinking smell, and than it will be the purer and more effectual, and this is the making of Aqua Theriacalis.  
Take treacle of Alexander that is perfect good, ℥. v. read Myrrh, ℥. two. Saffron, ℥. ss. mix them together in a glass, and pour thereon, ℥. x. of the spirit of Wine, and than set them close stopped to digest, than distil it according unto art; sometime they put into this water ʒ. two. of Camphire especially when it is used in hot burning Fevers and Inflammations, and and than it is called Aqua theriacalis camforata, this Composition following being drunk, hath a singular piercing virtue. Take Spiritus calcanthi, ℥. i. Liquoris fecularum vini correcti, ℥. three Aqua Theriacalis ℥. v. give thereof ʒ. i. in strong wine or other convenient liquor both for the aforesaid defects, and also to prevent and cure infinite other diseases.   

CHAP. LXXXI. Of the quality of Vinegar, and his Secrets.  
VInegar is made of wine, and of water. Whereas there is wine, they make it of wine, but in those Countries where there groweth no wine, they make it of beer and ale, in stead of wine, the which Vinegar is very strong. Nevertheless, it hath not the virtue and quality of that which is made of wine, because his nature is to preserve those things which are put therein, as is said before. If ye do distil Vinegar in Balneo until it remain dry, and than burn those Fesses until they come white, and than lay them in a moist place, it will turn into Oil, the which is of such virtue for man's body, that it is not to be credited, for if ye give thereof a small quantity to drink, it will dissolve the Gravel, and Stone in the Bladder. And therefore this is a worthy secret to be known, the which was never revealed before to any man: As for his other virtues, they are known to all men. Distilled Vinegar being mixed with a little oil of Tartar and Aqua vitae, preserveth the face, and maketh it fair, but if it were not a sin to offend God, I could say such great and strange things of distilled Vinegar, that it would 'cause the world to wonder at it, but for troubling my conscience, I will hold my peace for this time, and leave this to be sufficient, which I have written already.   

CHAP. LXXXII. Of the Fesses of Wine, and of his Secrets that I have foundout.  
THat which is called Alum du Fez, is the Fesses of Wine burnt, the which I have spoken of in other places, but here I will show thee a great and rare Secret, never written before by any man, the which shall be to the honour of the Physician, and this is the Secret.  
Take the Fesses of Aqua fortis, made with Roch Allom, Sal Niter, and Vitriol two pound, Alum du Fez two pound, mix them well together, and put them into a Furnace to calcine, until it become to a hard stone: and when it is calcined, make it presently into powder, and set it four or five nights in the air, and it will turn moist, than take six pound of pure Aqua vitae without phlegm, and put therein the same powder, and so let it remain eight days, every day stirring it once, than pour of that part which is clear, and keep it as a precious Jewel, than take the Fesses and calcine them again, as ye did at the first, and make them in powder again: And this powder mundifieth all filthy and stinking sores, and with this water thou mayest help them, if that the workman can apply it with reason. Also with this water may be done great cures in Physic, if it be given as it aught to be. Also of the said powder there may be made Pills and Potions, that worketh miracles in the world, as I have seen divers times.   

CHAP. LXXXIII. Of Verjuice made of Grapes, and his Secrets.  
Verjuice is the Juice of unripe Grapes, the which is kept to dress and season meats, to give them a better taste, and it is of great virtue, and appropriate for many things. But when it shall be distilled with Hony, and Alum du Fez in a Limbeck of glass, it will be a miraculous remedy for Imposthumes that are very hot. It maketh women fair and shining, if they wash them therewith. But if this be mixed with oil of Talk, it will restore the sight unto those that are almost blind. Also two drachms of distilled Verjuice, with two drachms of the juice of betony, and four ounces of Milk being used, will make a man very luxurious, and help a weak back. Also Verjuice being distilled, will bring an appetite unto those that have lost it. And all these are with great reason, for ye shall understand that the Verjuice without any other Artifice, doth mundify the stomach, and lose the body, and purify the blood: The Honey is Cordial, and is hot by nature, and dissolveth wind, the Alum du Fez drieth, and destroyeth all the evil humours: The Talk is bright and shining, and his whiteness doth penetrate very much: The betony comforteth the stomach, and is windy: The Milk is aperative and nutritive, and therefore consider well thereon, and thou shalt found it reason and experience that I have said.   

CHAP. LXXXIV. Certain Secrets of Animals, and first of the Ox.  
THe fat of the Ox is very appropriate to Unguents, to help all manner of sores, because it comforteth the place offended, and mittigateth the pain; but when this grease or fat shall be distilled with Turpentine and Wax, it will work Miracles in divers operations, of the which I will not speak in this place. There is in the throat of divers old Oxen certain knots or kernels as a man may term them, the which are of the bigness of an Olive, some are bigger and some lesser, according to the age of the Ox. Take of those kernels, and hung them up to dry in the shadow, and make thereof powder, and of that powder give every morning, ss. ℥. unto those that have the Dropsy, and in short time they shall be helped. Also the sinews of an Ox being dried, and made lint to make tents or stops, is most excellent, and will work great effects, and this is one of the Secrets, the which I never meant to reveal until death. The blood of a young Bull that is not gelded, being drunken as it is warm, is most strong poison, there are also divers other things, the which I would writ of this Beast but for tediousness sake.   

CHAP. LXXXV. Of the Goat.  
THe fat of the Male Goat before he is gelded is of much virtue, because it comforteth all members that are offended, as well inwardly as outwardly: If ye anoint any that hath the Flux with the said grease, it will do him great pleasure. Also the dung of the Goat is most excellent to mollify sinews that are indurated in any place, and therefore this dung being put into Unguents appropriate, of force must work great Effects.   

CHAP. LXXXVI. Of the Horse and his Virtues.  
THe Dung of the Horse is of great virtue, for if a man were lame, and indurated through gross and viscous humours, let him be buried in fresh warm Horse dung two hours, and in ten or twelve days he shall be helped. The fat of the Horse is very hot and penetrative, and especially that in the neck, where the Main groweth. Also the fat being distilled with the rosin of the Pine tree and Myrrh, is miraculons against shrunk sinews.   

CHAP. LXXXVII. Of the Dog and his Secrets.  
THe Dog is an amiable Animal above all other unto man, for he understandeth in a manner what a man doth say; and from the Dog is taken many wholesome things for man, for of the skin they make Gloves, and such like, the which are wholesome for them that wear them. The fat of the Dog is very hot and piercing, and dissolveth all pains that come of cold. The dung of a Dog is profitable to dress Leather withal, also his blood mixed with Hog's grease, and the Ashes of a Vine, dissolveth all manner of swell, that come in divers parts of the body.   

CHAP. LXXXVIII. Of the Cat and his Virtues.  
THe Cat is very hot, above all other animals, that appertain unto the house, and his fat is of such heat, that it is uncredible to be spoken of, and he is never in love, or goeth a caterwauling, but in the coldest weather. The Brain of the Cat is of such a heat, that if any do eat thereof, it will make him mad; if ye anoint certain places of the house with the fat, it will 'cause the Mice to run away, fearing lest the Cat were there, and that is by a hidden property. There engendereth in the flesh of a dead Cat certain putrified Worms, the which afterwards become a kind of Fly, that are called Taphaeni, the which is a very great enemy to the Ox, and all other Cattles, for they will run away from them, for if they be bitten therewith, they will in a manner be mad.   

CHAP. LXXXIX. Of the Hare and his Secrets.  
THe blood of the Hare being dried in the Furnace, and made into powder, helpeth those much, which are troubled with the stone and gravel, giving it to drink with the juice of Pelitory. The hair of the Hare serveth to stench blood in wounds. The Testicles of the Hare dried in a Furnace, and made into powder, and being drunk, provoketh venercous acts. The Gaul of the Hare being distilled with Hony and Aqua vitae, is a miraculous remedy for the sight of the eyes, putting therein every night one drop when ye go to bed. There is yet a great virtue in the Hare, that if I should reveal it, the world would wonder at it, and therefore I omit it unto the ingenious.   

CHAP. XC. Of the Frog and his secrets.  
THese Frogs are of great virtue in divers operations; for their fat helpeth the Leprosy if ye anoint them therewith, and is a most miraculous thing for those that are burnt, or scalded with water; for if ye anoint them therewith, it will help them quickly, and leave no scar. But if this fat be distilled with Myrrh, and Aqua vitae, and accompanied with Aloes, and the juice of Brassica Marina, called Soldanella, and thereof made Pills, they will be of so much virtue, that one scruple or two of those Pills being given oftentimes unto one that hath the Dropsy, they shall be helped quickly, and hereof I have had great experience, to my great honour and profit of the Patient.   

CHAP. XCI. A discourse upon certain stones, and their qualities in Physic and Chirurgery: and first of the Marble stone.  
THere are a great number of stones that the Majesty of God hath created in the world, of the which I will make mention of some, as well Mineral as Artificial, because the Physician as well as the Chirurgeon, may be served thereof in their affairs, although it be hard to have knowledge of those things, because they are much differing one from another, and grow in divers parts of the world: yea, and although they be brought unto us, yet they are so unknown, that we cannot know the thousand part of their virtues and qualities. And to begin, I will writ of the Marble, the which is a white stone, like unto Sugar when it is broken, and it is of great virtue in Chirurgery, for when it is brought into calkes, thereof may be made an Unguent of great virtue in this order. Take of that calkes, and lay it to steep in fair water, so that it may be covered four fingers, than stir it eight or ten times a day, and than let it wax clear and settle, than pour it of, and put on more, and do as ye did before, and when the water is settled clear pour it of again, than take of that calkes what quantity you will, and with Oil of Roses make it into an Unguent, the which is marvellous for such as are troubled with heat, for it drieth, and cooleth, and setteth it in good disposition, so that with case it may be healed.   

CHAP. XCII. A Discourse upon Lapis Ematites, and his virtues in Chirurgery.  
THis Lapis Ematites is a stone like unto the Mine of Iron, the which if it be ground into powder will be read like unto Sinaper, and thereof thou shalt make an Unguent in this manner. Take Oil of Roses four ounces, Auxungia two ounces, new Wax half an ounce, Turpentine one ounce, Lapis Ematites in most fine powder three ounces, mix them well together in a Copper pan with a small fire, until it begin to give certain fumes, or smell, and it will be black, than take it from the fire, and always stir it until it be cold; and than it will be hard like a Cerot, the which is miraculous in healing corrosive Ulcers. Also this stone being in fine powder, and made into a Lineament with Vinegar, Oil of Roses, and a little Litarge, helpeth Scabs, and quencheth their heat, and cooleth the blood. Also two drachms of this powder being eaten with Sugar rosate, helpeth those which have inflammations in their stomach with speed. This stone hath also divers other virtues, the which I will leave at this time.   

CHAP. XCIII. Of the stone of Iron, which some call Loppa.  
THese stones which the workmen take from the Forge, that are called Loppa diferro, are of great importance, if we may believe the Alchemists, because they say, that this stone is the beginning of their Stone, etc. Ye shall understand, that this stone is most necessary both in Physic and Chirurgery, when it shall be well prepared as it aught to be: and his preparation is in this order. Take that mass of matter and stamp it, and searce it very fine, and than put it into a vessel that is apt to resist the fire, and set it in a glass Furnace for twenty or thirty days, and than it will be a read mass, the which ye shall beaten into an impalpable powder, the which if thou wilt use in Physic thou mayst dissolve in Vinegar, and when it is dissolved keep it for inflammations of the Liver and Stomach, the which thou mayest give with any kind of Syrup appropriate, for this is a miraculous Medicine against the flux of the body. Also if ye make an Unguent of the said powder with Oil of Wax, of Frankincense, and Eggs, it will work strange operations in Contusions and Dislocations of bones, laying it thereon very warm, because it resolveth all alteration, mittigateth the pain, and comforteth the place offended. Ye shall understand, that it was never made of none but of us, which ever seek new Medicines and goodly experiences, to pleasure the world with that Art.   

CHAP. XCIV. Of Lapis Judaicus and his form, and wherefore it serveth in Physic and Chirurgery.  
THis Lapis Judaicus is a certain stone, the which is like unto the similitude of the Cuckoos Egg, and is of a grayish colour and rough, and within it is another stone like unto a Nut, and this stone is of a great virtue in his operation; for if it be beaten into powder, and dissolved in distilled Vinegar, and than mixed with Syrup of Saxifrage, and given to drink to those that are troubled with gravel, it will 'cause them to avoid it in their Urine: and to break the stone, they shall mix the powder with Honey, and lay it on plasterwise upon the Reins, and it will break the gravel with speed. Moreover, this Stone hath two rare virtues, the which I will not writ of in this place, but I would counsel those that carry them upon their bodies to have two, a Male and a Female, and look upon them every day once, for of this stone I have seen great experience.   

CHAP. XCV. Of Lapis Lazuli and his operation.  
CErtain wise men in the world that have made great consideration of this stone, say, that this is the stone of gold, because it is mixed with Azure, white and yellow, and also other colours; but I found that in many places of the world, they have the Mine of gold, and yet they found no Lapis Lazuli; and therefore it is a sign that it groweth in places where Nature doth produce it in that form. And for that which I have seen of Lapis Lazuli is, that if ye give it inwardly it provoketh vomit, and helpeth the Quartain Ague: And I have proved to calcine it in the Furnace where they bake Bricks, and when it was calcined to dissolve it in Aqua vitae: the solution helpeth many infirmities, giving it inwardly, and especially malign Fevers. Also being put in malign sores, it bringeth them to so good a temperature, that it is miraculous, and not credited, except of those that see the experience. And at this time I am seeking to bring it to a certain perfection, the which shall work miracles, and hitherto I have had good success, for thereof I have seen great miracles that causeth the world to wonder: And yet of late I have found an Oil made of the same Stone, that provoketh sleep, and causeth quiet rest, and is marvellous for the sight of the eyes, anointing the head, the eyes, and the stomach therewith when ye go to bed: For of this I have seen an infinite of experiments, and I swear by that I am, that with all the travel that I have had, I never found a better thing than this Oil; for if ye anoint the Gout therewith, presently it taketh away the pain, and inflammation, or alteration, but the reason thereof I know not, because as yet I had no leisure to consider thereof: But by the grace of God, at the next impression I will set forth some notes of their experience that I have seen in the Art.   

CHAP. XCVI. Of the Flint-stones and their virtues.  
THe flint is a stone, the which if it be stricken with Iron or Steel it will give fire, and his virtues are great both in Physic and Chrirurgery, and also in divers other Arts. First in Physic it hath virtue to dissolve the gravel in the Reinss and Bladder, if ye give thereof two drachms with unriped Wine, and this it doth by his proper quality and hidden virtue. In Chirurgery it hath great virtue, for being ground into most fine powder, and made into an ointment with Oil of Roses, and Wax, it mittigateth all inflammations, and taketh away the pain of the sore, because it cooleth and drieth. Moreover, this stone is used of those that make Glass, to make their composition with their Ashes and Maganese. There are yet a great number of virtues, the which I leave unto the Experimentour.   

CHAP. XCVII. Of the white stone which some call Alum, Scaleola, or Gesso.  
THis Alum, Scaleola, or Gesso is used much in Italy to make Lime of, I suppose it to be that which is called Muskovie Glass, or Lapis Speculuris; this is very necessary both in Physic and chirurgery, because it is by virtue attractive and drying, and helpeth much against burning Fevers, tempering it when it is burnt like flower with Vinegar, and when it is tempered, lay it presently upon the Reinss, and lay it just the length and largeness, and so let it remain three or four hours, because it draweth like Boxing Glasses, and so leaveth the Reinss cold and eased: and so by that effect it doth great pleasure in those kind of Fevers. It helpeth also in Ulcers if ye make a paste thereof with common lie, and lay it thereon eight or ten hours, and than change it, for of this I have seen strange effects.   

CHAP. XCVIII. Of the Stone called Lapis Amiante.  
THis Stone called Amiante, as all they which have written thereof say, is a stone like unto Cycile, or Alum du plum, but not so white, of the which stone there is found great quantity in Cyprus, and there they spin it like as it were Flax, and do make thereof Napkins and such like, and when they are foul, in stead of washing them, they make a great fire, and lay them thereon, and so make them clean and white, for the experience thereof I have seen, and that which I have said, is in the Lapidary of Dioscorides and Pliny, and Petro Andrea, Mathiolus Sanesie. And hereof I will show thee a marvellous strange secret, the which I have proved, and is this. Take of the said stone and make it in powder, and mix it with crude Lead being in powder, as I have showed in my Caprici Medicinale, with Tutia prepared, the composition thereof is this. Take of the stone ℥. iiii. Led, ℥. xii. Tutia ℥. two. Mix them and calcine them in the fire, and when they are calcined, beaten them to powder, and lay them to steep in strong Vinegar in a glass, and so let it stand a month stirring it every day once, and than at the month's end let it boil on the fire a quarter of an hour, and than let it settle until it come clear, than take of that Vinegar as much as ye will, and mix it with as much oil of Roses, stirring it until it come to a body, the which is a precious linament and rare, for if ye anoint the white scall or such like scabs on the heads of young children, it will heal them with great speed. Also for Scabs and Itch in the legs it is excellent, if ye anoint them therewith every night when you go to bed. This Stone serveth also when it is dissolved by itself in Aqua vitae and Sugar, for those women that are troubled with the whites; for if they drink thereof every morning a little, it helpeth them quickly. I believe this Stone hath many other virtues which I know not.   

CHAP. XCIX. Of the Saphire, and his virtues in Physic.  
SAphires are certain stones, like unto Azures, small, and are transparent, the which if thou wilt use, it were necessary to be cunning in the knowledge of them, for otherwise ye may be deceived. And furthermore, above that which many Philosophers have written thereof, I have found two goodly experiences never known before, and are these. First to make the heart merry, and to help the passions of the same, the which ye shall use thus.  
Take thy Saphire, and stamp it very finely, and dissolve it in Vinegar, or with the juice of Lemons, and when they are dissolved, take thereof ʒ i. with as much of our Elixir vitae, and of Oil of Honey ℈ i and a little of the Julep of Violets, and give it to drink unto those that have the aforesaid infirmities, and thou shalt see miracles of their operation. I hope ere it be long, to set forth a great and strange secret of these Stones.   

CHAP. C. Of Read Coral.  
Read Coral is a stone, the which most commonly doth grow upon baked stones or bricks, and to approve it to be so, there is a certain Island of Barbary, the which is called Tobacco, the which was sometimes inhabited, but since the Sea hath overrun a great part thereof, and so the stones of the houses, and the Bricks were scattered in the bottom of that Sea, and at this time the Genoes' gathered a great quantity of Read Coral; the fairest in all the world. I call to remembrance that in the year 1549. I being in Messina, a famous City in the Realm of Cicilia, I saw a Fisherman cast his Net in the gate hard by the tower called Salvatore; and he took up a branch of read Coral that was grown upon a Brick, and was of such greatness and beauty, as had not been seen in two hundred years before. So that by this I have proved, that the Coral doth grow upon Bricks, or baked stones, and these have great virtue in Physic and chirurgery, when they be dissolved in the juice of Lemons, or distilled Vinegar. For howsoever it be taken inwardly, it comforteth the stomach, and maketh the heart merry, dissolveth the Fever, and not without great cause. For it is so good of nature, that our nature doth desire it. Coral being calcined and dissolved with Aqua vitae, or with our Quintessence of Wine, helpeth very much against Ulcers, because it taketh away the pain presently, and mundifieth, and incarnateth, and cicatrizeth. Of this Coral ye may make Lozenges, or such like, the which are very Restorative.   

CHAP. CI. A Discourse upon the Stone Salt.  
THere is found a Salt in the Realm of Naples, in the Province of Calabria, in the state of the Prince of Besignano, in certain Mountains that are of the Mine of Salt: I do verily believe that this Salt is a fifth Element, because Salt would be called no other than wisdom, as a man may say, taste. And to prove that which I have said, ye may see that the world cannot live without it. Moreover this Salt serveth much in Physic and Chirurgery, for they put it into Clysters, and lay it also upon wounds. But I have found a way to prepare this Salt sweet like Sugar, but yet Salt, and is of such a pleasant taste, that it comforteth them that use it, and this is called Sal conditum Leonardo, the which Salt is good against Worms, and comforteth the stomach, causeth an appetite, purgeth the Urine, with a number of other virtues. And the order to take it is thus. Ye shall take thereof half a spoonful in the morning at one time, and also use it in stead of Salt to your meat, and season your meat therewith. Also if any have pains in any part of their body, anoint it with this Salt, and bind a cloth thereon, and it will be helped.  
Hereafter followeth the Virtues of certain Minerals, and mean Minerals. And first of Vitriol.   

CHAP. CII. Certain Secrets of Vitriol.  
IN Vitriol are many Secrets which until this time have been hidden, by means of which there may be done many strange and great matters in divers operations, not only in Physic and Chirurgery, but in many other things. Ye shall therefore take Vitriol and put it in a pot, and make him sweated until ye see him weep; the which sweat being taken from him, is a mortal enemy unto sharp Fevers, when it is drunk with sodden or distilled waters. Also if those that have the Etica or Phthisic do drink it with Mel Rosarum, it will do them great pleasure, it serveth also to make the hair of the head or beard black. Than if that by force of fire ye 'cause him to vomit a black liquor, it will be a thing very apt to dissolve any humour, the which in short time will dissolve any pain. For if ye put it into Gangrena, or other putrified Ulcer, it doth mundify it with great speed: It mortifieth Warts Chaps, Fistulaes', and any kind of those humours. If it be drunken with Wine or other liquor, it is good against Fevers of any quality. Than his Feces being reduced into water with Vinegar, and his Salt being taken out, it is of such virtue, that in a manner it will make men immortal. And above the aforesaid matters, in Alchemy it worketh strange things, for by the means thereof they may make the great Amalgam of Mercury and Mars, wherewith may be done great matters, and happy shall he be that goeth to work that way. For with Vitriol, Mercury and Mars is made full glad the Master of the Art.   

CHAP. CIII. Strange secrets of Roch Alum.  
IN Alum are great virtues, and especially in Roch Alum; for the water being separated from the Feces, and accompanied with our Quintessence, worketh most strange cures, and especially in desperate diseases: And the Feces which cannot dissolve, when with fire they shall be brought to perfection, and accompanied with Mars, they shall be apt to heal any sort of Ulcer inwardly, and with speed take away the pain, and not without great reason: for the Roch Alum is Anima Terrae, a firm Element, and that which dissolveth and turneth all things into his nature. Mars also is Anima Terrae, and is that, in which is found all virtue and richness: But he that is not expert, let him not settle himself to this enterprise, lest it fall not out right; for he that cannot prepare, calcine, dissolve, and congeal, shall never do any thing that is aught worth, therefore it were better to leave than meddle.   

CHAP. CIV. Of Orpiment and his nature.  
THis Orpiment is a stone, as it were, made of scales, and is of divers colours; there is white, and yellow, and read like blood; nevertheless, they are all of Sulphurous matter, the which burneth visibly like Sulphur, of the which I know no use, neither in Physic nor Chirurgery, although that some Chirurgeons do lay it upon sores to dry them, the which they do for want of reason or knowledge: With this Orpiment, being mixed with Calx viva, and strong Lie, and so made into an Unguent, they use to take away hair: It serveth also for Painters to make a yellow colour like Gold, the which if it be burned, it changeth into another colour. This serveth for infinite uses in Alchemy; for his sublimation being made with Sal niter, and Tartar, when it is white, and Amalgamed with Quicksilver and fine Silver, and given in projection upon Venus purged, it will make it very fair and white, and much like Lime. Orpiment is dissolved, by way of calcination with strong Vinegar, until such time as his substance be taken away; than let it settle and wax clear, and vapour away that clear part, and in the bottom ye shall found the whiteness of Sulphur, the which being fixed with sufficient order, it doth blanche all metals, and this is called the Quintessence of Sulphur Mineral: This serveth for many other uses in Alchemy, the which I will leave until another time: But this which I have written is most true.   

CHAP. CV. Of Cinaber Mineral, and wherefore it serveth.  
THis Cinaber is of two kinds, Mineral and Artificial; the Mineral is a stone of the colour of Iron, the which being ground into powder it will be read like blood, the which is of a great drying nature, by the reason that it containeth in it Sulphur, it drieth malign Sores, and being made in a Perfume, it helpeth the mouth being ulcerated, and being made into an Unguent, it cooleth greatly; also being dissolved in Vinegar, it mittigateth the pain in malign Ulcers, and healeth them in short time; his sublimation being made with Salt and Tartar, blancheth Copper and Latin like to Silver.  
This stone serveth also to burnish Metal or Silver therewith. The artificial Cinaber is made of Sulphur and Mercury by way of sublimation, the which serveth for divers uses; as for the Painters, or to writ with; also to make drying Unguents, and for fumes against the Pox, with divers other uses, the which I leave at this time.   

CHAP. CVI Of the secrets of Salt, and his royal virtue.  
THere is in Salt a great virtue, and his secrets are of great force, for if Salt be dissolved in the mighty water of Vitriol, together with Mars, and than caused to vomit with great heat, until it remain in a dry powder, and than circulate it with our Quintessence of Wine and Honey the space of a month, the which if the workman can do, he shall make a miraculous Medicine, which by his virtue and hidden quality, will serve against divers great infirmities, because his nature is to preserve the body in his strength, and to discharge all evil humours that may offend Nature. But to speak of some particular thing, I say, that this glorious Medicine doth help the Fever Hectic when they are new begun, giving there of a little quantity with water of Vervane, agrimony, and betony; with the water of Fennel and Sclandine, it restoreth the sight unto those that are obscure; it helpeth also the flux of the body, with divers other things, the which I will not utter in this place.   

CHAP. CVII. Of the secrets of common Salt, and his virtues.  
THere are three sorts, or kinds, found of common Salt, the one is natural, the which is found in Mountains, as in Naples in the Province of Calabria, where are great Mountains of it, and also in Spain in the Isle of Anvisa, and this is the Mineral Salt. The second kind is Artificial, as is made in Germany in their Cauldrons. The third kind is also natural of the Sea, which is made upon dry sands in pits, by force of the Sun; but the most sweet and savourest is that which is made with fire, because it is purified and clean: The Salt of the Mountain is of more virtue than all the rest in Physic; for when it shall be calcined forty days together in a Furnace, and than dissolved with our Quintessence of Honey, so that there remain no Feces, it will be of such virtue, that in manner it will revive the dead, if you give them thereof a spoonful. With this the ancientest Doctors did marvellous things, and they called it the Salt of Wisdom, for he that knew well his virtues would marvel thereat. This Salt serveth also against the infirmities of Oxen.   

CHAP. CVIII. Certain secrets of Salt-Peter.  
SAlt-Peter is a certain kind of salt of Urine, the which is taken out of the earth by art, and is most wholesome against divers infirmities; for when it shall be calcined thirty days together in a Furnace, with as much Tartar, and than dissolved with our Quintessence, accompanied with the spirits of Cinnamon, Ginger, and Cloves, it will be a most wholesome Medicine, and will 'cause the Professors of the Art to be amazed at his operation, for it helpeth the Hectic, and Dropsy, and divers such like infirmities, the which I will not speak of in this place, fearing that they will not be credited: Nevertheless, those that are disposed to travel on that matter shall found their desire, and reap great fame in the world.   

CHAP. CIX. Certain secrets of Alum du Fece.  
THis Alum is made with the Feces of Wine, in this manner. You shall understand, that in those Countries where they make Wine, they put it in vessels, and lay them towards the East, and than in certain space there settleth great quantity of Feces, the which being put into certain bags, and hanged up to dry, the humour runneth out, and the Fesses remain in a hard mass, the which afterwards is dried and burned, and the ashes thereof is called Alum du Fece, in the which are found great secrets; for without this certain colours cannot be died: It maketh also women's hair yellow, and taketh away all spots or stains, and the like virtue it hath in our Physic, if that the workman were able to prepare it as it should be, for it will transmute one complexion into another.   

CHAA. CX. A great secret of Gold.  
GOld, which Alchemists do call Sol, is a metal of such importance, that it is superior of all the rest in virtue, weight, and prize, and of brightness and fairness, and is that, with the which may be made a Medicine, that in manner giveth life unto the dead, when it is prepared with the fire, and accompanied with Mercury: Than with our two Quintessences it may be dissolved by and by, and by way of circulation it may be separated from all company, and when it shall be dissolved, you may give it to help against any great infirmity, if thou knowest how to apply it conveniently.   

CHAP. CXI. A great Secret of Silver.  
SIlver, which we call Luna, is a Metal very bright in whiteness and next unto gold, for of it may be made marvellous things, especially in dangerous infirmities that are of importance. For being prepared and reduced into his first matter, it may be accompanied with our Quintessence, and make thereof a drink that will be very profitable against the Leprosy, and this composition shall be given in the broth of a Chicken unto those that are Asmatick, for it will do them great pleasure, and cure all those that are troubled with the Leprosy. It maketh also women's faces shining and marvellous fair. But when it shall be further prepared, it will restore the sight unto those that are almost blind through debility. Also if it be used in Alchemy, it will work strange effects.   

CHAP. CXII. Certain Secrets of Saturn.  
SAturn is that metal which we call Led, in the which is found great secrets both in Physic and Chirurgery. For when it shall be brought into powder without fire or other mixture, but only grinding it in a brazen mortar with the spittle of a man, until it become into fine powder, it comforteth much against all corrosive and malign Ulcers, because it cooleth and drieth miraculously, but when Saturn shall be calcined and dissolved in Vinegar, and his Salt taken forth, and than that Salt dissolved in our Quintessence, will help many infirmities, and especially those that are caused of humidity, and calidity, because it drieth and cooleth by his Nature. Also an Unguent made of the calx of Lead, serveth against divers sorts of Sores. Also if the Workmaster were diligent, with Lead, Feretto of Spain, Vitriol, and Tutia, he might make a metal like unto Gold of the Ducat, of the which he might receive a great benefit.   

CHAP. CXIII. Of the secrets of Copper.  
WHen Venus shall be well prepared, and with art of fire shall be well calcined, and done thereunto what is convenient, it will be valiant in his operation. For of it is made an unguent, that mundifieth sores with great speed. Also therewith is made a water, that helpeth all kind of crude infirmities in the eyes: It helpeth Scabs, and is of great profit against the white scall, warts on the privy parts, and sores in the secret parts. For it resolveth them very well. Moreover if the workman be his craft's master, he may bring it into such an extreme whiteness, that it shall appear like Luna. Also if he can amalgam it with Mars and Mercury, and give him his cocture, he may draw forth a great quantity of Sol.  
A great Secret of Copper, as concerning chirurgery.  
Take Sal Niter lb two. Roch Allom half a pound, Sal Gem. four ounces, Vitriol Roman one pound, Soot of the Chimney three ounces, mix these together, and distil thereof a strong water according to art, that being done, put the water into a Retort, and for every pound of water, put thereto four ounces of Verdegriese finely cearsed, than set thereunto a Receiver, and give it fire according to art, until all the fumes be come forth, than let it cool, and break the glass, and take forth that which remained in the bottom, and beaten it to powder, than put that into another Retort, and put thereon as much distilled Vinegar as the powder weighed, and distil it again, until there come no more fumes, than let it cool, and break the glass, and take forth the matter, and grinned it to powder, and keep it in a glass that it take no air. For this is most marvellous in ulcerated and putrified sores, because it mundifieth, cleanseth, and incarnateth, and with great speed bringeth them to be whole with small pain, or none at all: If ye make an unguent thereof with oil of Roses. Wax, and Frankincense, it helpeth all manner of sores with speed.   

CHAP. CXIV. Of the Secrets of Jupiter or Tin.  
IVpiter is a shining Metal, by the means of which all the other Metals become shining, and are preserved, and in this is found great virtue and experience, both in Physic and chirurgery, and also in Alchemy. For when it is well prepared, and reduced into a potable water, it will be a glorious Medicine for the solution of the Hectic, Phthisic, and Dropsy. But if it be brought into a Quintessence, and accompanied with our Quintessence, and the Quintessence of Honey, it will be a precious Medicine to restore the sight of the eyes. Also if the Chirurgeons could well prepare it, after it is calcined, and make thereof an Unguent with things appropriate, they might do strange cures therewith. Moreover if the Alchemists could reduce him to his perfection, it would be a Medicine of great price. For if they could join it with Venus purged and well prepared, it would be as white as Luna, and than he that had a Medicine appropriate, might bring it to a perfect body.   

CHAP. CXV. Certain Secrets of Iron.  
IRon, which the Alchemists do call Mars is a Mineral, the which is appropriate against divers and sundry infirmities when it is well prepared and dissolved, the which is done in this manner.  
Take Iron filled in powder, and dissolve it in strong water, the which solution will be read like blood, than vapour away that water until it remain in a read stone that hath no moisture left in it, than break the glass, and grind it to fine powder, and wash it with fair water, until the water remain sweet, than dry it on a great fire, and grind it again, than put it into a glass with a long neck, and put thereon Vinegar distilled likewise, and set it in warm horse-dung thirty or forty days, and the powder shall be dissolved into clear clear water, of the colour of blood. And when that thou seest it all dissolved into water, vapour away the Vinegar, and there will remain a stone blackish of colour, which take forth of the glass, and grinned it to powder, than dissolve it in rectified Aqua vitae, and than shall be finished the solution of Iron Physically, the which thou mayst give safely when need shall require, and chief against Fluxes of the body, against spitting of blood, the Emeroids, Scabs, and also for the Leprosy, and Phthisic, and Hectic. And this is the true solution of Iron devised by me, and I promise' thee, that this is one of the greatest Secrets that may be found in the world: and his virtues are such and so many, that I cannot express them. And therefore I would wish all Physicians and Chirurgeons, to follow this glorious enterprise worthy of praise, by the which means men may come to great perfection in Physic and chirurgery, if they can use it when time and place shall serve.   

CHAP. CXVI. Of the Secrets of Mercury.  
QUicksilver is a liquid Mineral and Volatile, the which the Alchemists call Sulphur volatilis, and will accompany with all other Metals, but with small fire they may be separated again, and will fly away in Fume, and for that cause the Philosophers call it Servus fugitivus, as a man would say, it can hold friendship with none, but so soon as he hath done his service he flieth away, as it is seen by Goldsmiths that gilled Plate. For when they have laid him on with the Gold, they put it to the fire, and he flies away, and the like it should do when any man doth occupy him in any sort of infirmity, and the order to calcine it is thus.  
Take a long pot of stone that is very well glazed, and that hath a neck of a foot and a half long, and that hath a very narrow mouth as is possible, and put therein two or three pound of Quicksilver, than set the same pot in a Salad of Iron, and lute them close together, and set it upon a Furnace, and give them fire according to Art, until the Quicksilver remain calcined; giving you charge, that your head and receiver be very well luted, lest you lose some part of the Quicksilver; and thus in eight days it shall be finished, the which shall be apt unto solution: Also this calcination serveth to divers and sundry Medicines: It mortifieth corrosive Ulcers without any pain; the solution is made in this order.  
Take the said Calx, and put it into a glass with a long neck, and put thereon distilled Vinegar, and set it in warm sand four and twenty hours, and than give it one walm, and when it hath boiled, pour out the Vinegar, and than if there remain any Feces in the bottom, put thereon fresh Vinegar, and do as thou didst before; and this thou shalt do so often, till it be dissolved into water, and when all is dissolved, evaporate away the Vinegar, that there remain but little in the bottom; than put thereto water of Honey made by distillation according to our order; and so the solution of Mercury shall be finished, the which is miraculous in many infirmities: It serveth against the Cough, Catarhe, and for those that have their stomaches putrified with the Pox, causing them to use it with other Syrups or Potions: It helpeth those whose Milt is indurated; and also for those, that have any sort of Fistula in any part of the body: It is also good for divers other things, the which I will not writ in this place, because I would have other men to exercise themselves in the practice thereof, whereby they may found out divers other secrets as I have done.   

The virtue of this Balm.  
IT preserveth all things from putrefaction that is put therein, or anointed therewith, as the natural Balm doth in all respects.  
If any be touched with the Pestilence, so that the heart or brain be not yet infected, give them ʒ. two. thereof to drink, and anoint his stomach with the same, and lay him down to sweated, and in once or twice using it, by the grace of God they shall be helped, for it will suffer no venom to remain within the body: Being taken in the aforesaid order, it helpeth those that have surfeited by any means.  
Being anointed on the stomach morning and evening, it causeth an appetite, and consumeth cold humours: Also if ye drink thereof every morning ʒ. i. fasting, it will purge the head and stomach of all superfluous moisture, and sharpeneth the sight, if ye drop now and than one drop into the eye.  
Being drunk as is aforesaid, it helpeth those that are troubled with the Rheum, Catarhe, and Cough, and Stitch of the side caused of wind.  
Being put into the eat, it comforteth the sight and hearing marvellously, and all impediments in the head, and consumeth all evil humours by his proper quality and nature, so that if ye use it, ye shall wonder at the operation.  
It helpeth all manner of Wounds, in what place of the body soever they be, if ye wash them therewith, and lay thereon a cloth wet in the same.  
If ye wash the Sciatica therewith, and lay thereon a cloth wet in the same, it taketh away the pain presently.  
It expelleth gravel in the Reinss, being drunk with Parsly water.  
It is good against the Fever quartain, if ye drink thereof ten or twelve days together every morning ʒ. i or two. after that the stomach hath been evacuated.  
It resolveth aches and swell coming of cold, if ye bathe them therewith.  
It helpeth the toothache, if ye hold it in your mouth so long as ye may suffer it.  
It helpeth those that are troubled with the Cramp, or that have their mouths drawn awry by that means, if ye drink a small quantity, and hold the same in your mouth, and than anoint the parts therewith.   
FINIS.