THE HISTORY. OF THE Sacred and Royal Majesty OF CHRISTINA ALESSANDRA QUEEN OF SWEDLAND With the Reasons of her late Conversion to the Roman Catholic Religion. As also a Relation of the several entertainments given her by divers Princes in her Journey to Rome, with her magnificent Reception into that City.  
LONDON, Printed for T. W. and are to be sold at the Sign of the Bell in St. Paul's Churchyard, 1658.   

To the glory of the Age, and Compendium of Honour and Nobility, her Grace the Duchess of RICHMOND and LENOX.  
May it please your Grace,  
THE golden-Apple, on which was this Inscription, be it given to the fairest, Paris presented to Venus, as surpassing the others in beauty. The same condition is annexed to this History, which belonging of right to the fairest, most justly is presented to your Grace, as surpassing all others in the beauty of the body, and mind. And whom should a Queen so renowned for her virtues, and eminent qualities, make her addresses to, if not to your Grace, who like the glorious Sun among the lesser lights, outshines all other Ladies with the rays of your Graces rare virtues, and admirable parts. These reflections (Madam) invited this great Princess to recurre to your Grace, who like the River Nilus, disdains to mix the waters she brings from a Paradise, with any other stream. Since the offering then (Madam) is no ways unworthy of your Graces noble Altar, where Hecatombs are only to be sacrificed, be pleased not to lessen it in your Grace's esteem, because presented by,  
Madam Your Grace's most humble and most devoted Servant, JOHN BURBERY.   

TO THE READER.  
IN the Catastrophe of the accidents, which still are reducing this Age, into a large abridgement of all that are past, the resolutions and talents of Christina Alessandra, Queen of Swedland, have an eminent place.  
That a Queen by birth, of a spirit so sublime, and the Epilogue of all virtues, should depose her Sceptre voluntarily, and fall at the feet of the Vicar of Christ, to receive there in his blessings— a crown of Paradise, in such a resolution, as too much surpasses the capacity of man, and not only custom. The World peradventure hath not seen any other, that to purchase the true Faith, hath abandoned his own Kingdoms, and to be enriched with the Jewels of Heaven, hath divested himself of the treasures of the earth.  
I therefore have begun to compose a particular History of it, and hitherto have gone on with delight, for it contains not only a great Princesses rare qualities, and Prerogatives, but likewise the entertainments, she hath till now received of the greatest Princes, and Monarches of Christendom, so as it may truly be said, Christina the great in her resolutions, and receptions, could meet with nothing equal to her great desert, but the mind, and piety of a Philip, and an Alexander.  
Some perhaps may think, I have employed my Pen in certain little things not suitable to the Majesty of the History, but let them remember, the knowledge of individuums, and the memories of particular men, provided they deserved well of fame, increase still in credit, and delight with Posterity. In case they persist in the rigour of their scruples, they will easily be satisfied, if they read alone that part, which pleases them most, Farewell.   

WE, the Reformers of the study at Padova, having seen by the testimony of our Secretary, that in the book entitled the History of the sacred Majesty of Christina Alessandra Queen of Swedland, by Count Galeazzo Gualdo Priorato, printed in quarto in Rome, there is nothing repugnant to good manners, nor the interests of Princes, grant licence to Francis Baba to print it, he observing the Laws in this case, and presenting a Copy for the public Library of Venice, and another for that of Padova. In Witness whereof, etc. Anno Domini the 24. of May, 1656.  
John Donado Reformer. Andrew Pisani Procurator and Reformer. FRANCIS VERDIZZOTTI SECRETARY.   

AN INDEX Of the most remarkable things contained in this present HISTORY.  

A  

Done Antonio Pimentell goes into Swedland by order of his Catholic Majesty.  
Advertisments given by the Queen to the new King of Swedland.  
The affliction of the people for the Queens renouncing her Kingdoms.  
The arrival of the Queen of Swedland in Hambourg.  
The arrival of the Queen of Swedland in Antwerp.  
The applauses, with which she is received in Flanders.  
The Arch Duke sends to compliment the Queen, and goes afterwards thither in Person.  
Don Antonio Pimentel extraordinary Ambassador of his Catholic Majesty with the Queen of Swedland.  
The assumption of Cardinal Fabius Chigi to the Papacy, and the general applauses for his exaltation.  
The Marquis of Anspach visits her Majesty.  
Auspurge, and its description.  
The absolution given her Majesty by my Lord Holstenius.  
The Marquis Andreasi compliments the Queen in the name of the Duke of Mantova.  
The arrival of the Queen in Rome, who went presently to k●ss his Holinesses feet.  
The affability of the Queen.  
Academies instituted by her Majesty in her own Palace.  
The answer of Don Antonio Pimentel to the Queen.    

B.  

THe Briefs of his Holiness consigned to my Lord Holstenius.  
The Briefs for the Prince of Trent.  
The Brief for the Archduke of Inspruch.  
The Brief of his Holiness to the Queen of Swedland.  
The Brief of his Holiness to the Queen presented to her by the Nuntii at her entrance into the Church's Dominions.  
The Brief of his Holiness to the Cardinal Legates a Latere.  
Count Bucquoy compliments the Queen in the name of his Catholic Majesty.    

C.  

CHristina succeeds in the Kingdom of Swedland. Her education, and admirable wit. She learns divers Languages, makes great progress in learning, begins to assist at the Council, and afterwards takes upon her the Government. She herself administers the affairs, and is beloved and feared. She is a great lover of virtue, despises all delicacy. She makes War, and then Peace with the King of Denmark. She is respected by all the Princes of the World. She hath divers inspirations. She discovers the errors of the Lutherans. The reasons which move her to the knowledge of the truth. With her own virtue she makes herself capable of the truth. She examines the life and condition of Luther. She perceives the falsity and lies spread by him. She fortifies herself with some important examples. She abhors heresy. She thinks to turn Catholic. She imparts her design to Don Antonio Pimentel. She trusts wholly in God. She resolves to quit her Kingdoms. Her generous Act. She goes privately to see Brussels. The ceremonies in receiving the Queen in the Church.  
The Cavaliers of Verona which met her Majesty.  
The Cavalcata of the Cardinal Legates in their going to Olgiata.  
The compliments of several Gentlemen to the Queen at the Vineyard of Pope Julius.  
The Castle of St. Angelo is seen by the Queen.  
The College of Sapienza.  
The Church of the Greeks.  
The Roman College.  
The rare things in the said Roman College.  
The Comedy entitled the Triumph of piety acted in the Palace of the Prince of Pellestrina.  
The College of the English.  
The noble Church of Minerva.  
The great Conquests of Gustavus King of Swedland.    

D.  

THe Queen's discourse with Father Macedo the Jesuits.  
Her Majesty's demand of the General of the Jesuits.  
The deliberation of the States of Swedland in substituting Count Charles Gustavus Palatine, King, after the Queen of Swedland.  
Politic discourses.  
The King of Denmark endeavours to meet, and receive the Queen of Swedland.  
The differences between the Crown of Swedland, and the City of Bremen.  
The description of Munster.  
The discourse of the Queen of Swedland with my Lord Holstenius.  
Donavert, and the quality of the Place.  
The description of some Towns in Tirole.  
The discourse of the Queen at a public dinner in Ferrara.  
The description of Ferrara.  
The description of Bologna.  
The description of Faenza.  
The description of Rimini.  
The description of Pesaro.  
The description of Fano.  
The description of Ancona.  
The devotion of her Majesty at Loretto.  
The description of Loretto.  
The description of Recanati.  
The description of Macerata.  
The description of Tolentino.  
The description of Camerino.  
The description of Foligno.  
The description of Assisi.  
The description of Spoleto.  
The description of Terni.  
The description of Gallese.  
The Duke of Terranuova Ambassador of Spain in Rome, goes to compliment the Queen in Caprarola.  
The description of Caprarola.  
The description of Bracciano.  
The dispatching of the Nuntii, and Baldocchi.    

E.  

THe education of the Queen of Swedland.  
The entrance of the Queen of Swedland into Brussels.  
The Elector Palatine waits on her Majesty, and invites her to Heydelberg.  
Her entrance into Inspruch.  
The weighty examples, with which the Queen of Swedland gives nourishment to her good inclinations.  
Her Majesty's entrance into Tyrole.  
Her Majesty's public entrance into Rome with a solemn Cavalcata.  
Her Majesty's entrance into the Ecclesiastical state.  
The great esteem all the Princes of Europe have of the Queen of Swedland.    

F.  

FRanckfort, and its description.  
The form of the subscription of the public Act of the profession of the Faith made by the Queen of Swedland.  
Figarolo, and the quality of the place.  
S. Francis of Assisi visited by the Queen.  
The sumptuous Fountain in Piazza Navona.    

G.  

THe General of the Jesuits sends two Fathers of the Society into Swedland.  
Father Francis John Baptist Guemes a Dominican. arrives in Swedland.  
The Queen imparts to him her motives to be a Catholic, and sends him to the Court of Spain.  
The Duke of Gloucester visits her Majesty.  
Baron Ghirardi chief Minister of the Archduke of Inspruch visited by my Lord Holstenius.  
The wonderful generosity of the Queen of Swedland.  
The generosity of the Prince of Trent.  
The Prince of St. Gregory. compliments the Queen.    

H  

HAmbourg, and its description.  
The Honours done to the Queen by the Landgrave of Hessen.  
The Honours done her Majesty by the Duke of Bavaria.  
The Honours done her Majesty by the Archduke's of Inspruch.  
My Lord Holstenius goes to Mantova and Trent.  
The Honours done her Majesty by the Bishop of Bressanon.  
The Honours done her Majesty by the Duke of Mantova in his state.  
The Honours done her Majesty in Bologna.  
The Honours done her Majesty in Pesaro.  
The Honours done her Majesty in Ancona.  
The Honours done her Majesty by the Pope.  
The Honours done her Majesty as she passed by the Castle of St. Angelo.    

I.  

THe holy inspirations of her Majesty of Swedland.  
The instances made by the States of Swedland to the Queen.  
The Island of Oland, and the quality of the place.  
Inspruch the residence of the Archduke's of Austria.  
The invitation made the Queen by the Baron of Fermiano in the name of the Prince of Trent.  
The invitation made her Majesty by the Duke of Mantova.  
The joy in Inspruch for the profession made by the Queen of Swedland.  
The death of Pope Innocent the tenth.    

K.  

THe King of Spain writes to the Pope.  
The King of Spain hears with great joy, the pious resolutions of the Queen of Swedland, and furthers them affectionately.  
The King of Scotland visits the Queen.  
The life and qualities of King Gustavus of Swedland, his stature, his remarkable sayings and conquests.    

L.  

HEr Majesty's letter to Pope Alexander the seventh.  
Limbourg and its description.  
Her Majesty's letter to the Archduke of Inspruch.  
Landsperg and its Situation.  
My Lord Luke Holstenius dispatched from his Holiness to Inspruch.  
My Lord Luke Holstenius communicates to the Ambassador Pimentel the intention of his Holiness.  
Her Majesty's letter written from Inspruch to the King of Swedland.  
Her Majesty's Letter to the Prince of Trent.  
Cardinal Barberines' letter to Cardinal Rossetti.  
The Legates a Latere dispatched from the Pope to receive her Majesty.  
The famous Library in the Roman College.    

M.  

HEr Majesty of Swedland is met by the Officers of the Duke of Bavaria.  
Her Majesty is met by the Prince of Trent.  
Her Majesty is met by the Duke of Mantova.  
Her Majesty is met by Cardinal Donghi.  
Her Majesty is met by Cardinal Rossetti.  
Her Majesty is met by Cardinal Acquaviva Legate of Romagna.  
Her Majesty is met, and royally received by Cardinal Homo●ei Legate of Urbino.  
Her Majesty is met by my Lord Visconte Governor of Patrimony.  
Her Majesty is met by the Duke of Bracciano.  
Her Majesty is met at Porta del Popolo by the sacred College of the Cardinals.  
Her Majesty is met solemnly at Brussels.  
Father Macedo the Jesuit is dispatched by her Majesty to Rome.  
Father Malines dispatched by her Majesty to the Court of Spain.  
The marriage of the Queen of Swedland with the Princess of Holstein.  
The manner observed by her Majesty in her government.  
Minden, and its description.  
Count Montecuccoli dispatched from the Emperor into Flanders to compliment her Majesty.  
The death of Maria Eleonora Queen of Swedland.  
Count Montecuccoli dispatched from her Majesty to Rome.  
Father Malines the Jesuit dispatched to discover the inclination of the Queen.  
Madam della Cueva remains sick in Ussulengo.  
Count Montecuccoli returns from Rome to the Queen.  
The manner of the Queens sitting at table with the Cardinals.  
The Monastery of St. Catharine of Sienna.  
The musical Plays acted before her Majesty in Inspruch.  
The musical Play acted in the Germane College.    

N  

NOrdlinghen, and its description.  
The Nuntii elected by the Pope to receive the Queen of Swedland on the Confines of the Church's Dominions.  
The names of the Cavaliers, that were the tilters in Bologna.  
The names of the Cavaliers in the Cavalcata of the Queen.  
The names of the Gentlemen of the Queen's Academy in Rome.    

O  

OBservations of importance.  
The order of the Cavalcata of the Cardinal Legates.  
The order of the Cavalcata of the Governor of Rome.  
The order of the Cavalcata from the Capitol to the Bridge Molle.  
The Order of her Majesty's Cavalcata from the Vatican to the Bridge Molle.  
The order of her Majesty's Cavalcata from the Bridge Molle to the Vineyard of Pope Julius.  
The Order of the Queen's solemn Cavalcata from the Bridge Molle to the Vatican.    

P  

THe progress of the Queen in learning.  
The great piety of his Catholic Majesty.  
The Princes of Germany, which visit her Majesty in Hambourg.  
The pretences of the Prince of Conde to the Queen of Swedland, who visits her Majesty.  
The Princes and Cavaliers who waited on her Majesty in Antwerp.  
Count Pontus della Garda waits on her Majesty.  
The profession of the Catholic Faith made secretly by the Queen of Swedland'n Brussels.  
Ponte del lac, and its description.  
The passage of the Queen of Swedland through Cullen.  
The passage of her Majesty through Franckfort.  
The passage of her Majesty through Auspurge.  
The Palace of Amber, and ●ts S●●tuation.  
The profession of the Catholic Faith made publicly by the Queen of Swedland in Inspruch.  
The passage of the Queen through the state of Veni●e.  
The passage at Ponte Felice.  
The preparations made for the solemn Cavalcata of the Queen.  
The Palace Farnese the lodging of her Majesty, when she went from the Vatican.  
The Persons which depart with the Queen from Flanders towards Italy.  
The Persons appointed to wait on the Queen in her lodgingss at the Vatican.  
The parley of her Majesty with the Prince of Holstein.  
The public Act of Profession made by the Queen of Swedland in Inspruch.  
The sumptuous Preparation in the Church of Giesu, with what store of people King Gustavus passed into Germany.  
The presents made by her Majesty to the Archduke and others in Brussels.  
The presents of a Coach, Litter, Chair, and an ambling Nag made by the Pope to the Queen.  
The presents made to her Majesty by his Holiness in the Palace Farnese.  
The presents made to the Queen by Prince Panfilio.    

Q  

THe qualities of Cardinal Pio Bishop of Ferrara.  
The qualities of Cardinal John Baptist Spada Legate of Ferrara.  
The qualities of Cardinal Donghi.  
The qualities of Cardinal Rossetti.  
The qualities of Cardinal Acquaviva.  
The quality of the Family Martinozzi of Fano.  
The qualities of Cardinal Homodei Legate of Urbino.  
The qualities of Cardinal Rondinino.  
The rare qualities of the Queen of Swedland.  
The eminent qualities of the Princess of Rossano.  
The Queen goes to the public Consistory to kiss the Pope's feet.  
The Queen's admirable wit.  
The revenues reserved to herself by the Queen of Swedland.  
The Queen writes to the General of the Jesuits.  
The Queen dispatches to Rome Father Casati.  
The Queen's departure towards Flanders.  
The Queen's sudden departure from Hambourg.  
The Queen's departure from Brussels.  
The Queen's departure from Inspruch.  
The Queen's departure from Bologna.  
The Queen's readiness to comply with the Pope's desires.  
The Queen dines publicly with the Archduke of Inspruch.  
The Queen treats with the Jesuits.  
The Queen is visited by Count Todt.  
The Queen's royal entertainment at Landsperg by the Ministers of the Duke of Bavaria.  
The Queen's entertainment in Inspruch.  
The Queen's entertainment by the Prince of Trent.  
The Queen's entertainment by Cardinal Spada Legate of Ferrara.  
The Queen's entertainment in Imola by Cardinal Donghi the Bishop of the Place.  
The Queen's entertainment in Forli.  
The Queen's entertainment in Cesena.  
The Queen's entertainment in Rimini.  
The Queen's entertainment in Sinigaglia.  
The Queen's entertainment in Ancona.  
The Queen's entertainment in Loretto.  
The Queen's entertainment in Macerata.  
The Queen's entertainment in Tolentino.  
The Queen's entertainment in Camerino.  
The Queen's entertainment in Foligno.  
The Queen's entertainment in Assisi by Cardinal Rondinini.  
The Queen's entertainment in Terni.  
The Queen's entertainment in Gallese.  
The Queen's entertainment in C●prarola.  
The Queen's satisfaction in Pesaro.  
The Queen presents her Sceptre and Crown at Loretto.  
The Queen visits her Mother.  
The Queen's journey through Denmark.  
The Queen's journey from Hambourg into Flanders.  
The Queen's Apparel.  
The Queen's eminent virtues.  
The Queen's visits the Church of St. Peter.  
The Queen goes to the Church of St. James of the Spaniards.  
The Queen goes to the Church of Giesu.  
The Queen visits the Monastery of Torre de Specchi.  
The Queen goes to St. John Lateran.  
The Queen sees the famous relics of S. Peter's.  
The Queen visits the Nuns of Campus Martius.  
The Queen's answer to the States of Swedland.    

R  

THe Reasons and motives which incline the Queen of Swedland to change her Religion.  
The resolutions of the Queen of Swedland to turn Catholic.  
The resolution of the Queen of Swedland to support her resolutions by the Catholic King.  
The renouncing made by the Queen of Swedland.  
The return of the Queen from Upsalia to Stockholme.  
The return of the Archduke to Antwerp to compliment the Queen, and invite her to Brussels.  
The reception of the Queen of Swedland in Rutemond.  
Prince Robert Palatine visits her Majesty.  
The noble reception of the Queen in Rotembourg.  
The return of Count Montecuccoli to the Queen.  
The recreations of her Majesty in Inspruch.  
The recreations of her Majesty in Ferrara.  
The reception of her Majesty by Cardinal Lomellino Legate of Bologna.  
The return of her Majesty from Assisi to Foligno.  
The reception of the Queen in Spoleto by Cardinal Fachenetti.  
The recreations of her Majesty in Spoleto.  
The reception of the Queen at the Gate of St. Peter's.  
The recreations of her Majesty in the Palace of Prince Panfilio.  
The royal lodgings in Revere.    

S  

THe strait of the Sound, and its description.  
Count Stemberg sent into Swedland by the Queen.  
The sumptuous Bridge o'er the Po.  
The noble Scaffold erected in the Palace of the Prince Panfilio.    

T.  

The noble Tilting in Bologna.    

V.  

THe voyage of Father Malines, and Casati Jesuits into Swedland.  
The noble Vineyard of Prince Panfilio.    

W  

WIrtzbourge, and the quality of the place.  
The Wars made by the Crown of Swedland under Queen Christina.    

Z.  

Zibbery and its description.   
FINIS.    

The History of the sacred, and Royal Majesty of Christina Alessandra, Queen of Swedland, etc. The First Book.  
The Argument.  
IN this Book ●●e described the qualities of Gustavus Adolphus, King of Swedland; The education of the Princess Christina his only Daughter. Her Assumption to the Crowns The form of her Government. The motives and true Causes of her conversion to the Roman Catholic religion, and what hath occurred in her Majesty's renouncing of her Kingdm.  
I Write in my History, the end of the life of Gustavus Adolphus, King of Swedland, who died in the height of his fortunes, in the bloody battle of Lutzen, a Prince, who with the fame of his valour, had chained the affections of his subjects; drawn after him the attendance of strangers, and purchased veneration and respect, among his enemies themselves.  

The life and qualities of Gustavus Adolphus of Swedland.  Never any Prince was beloved so well, nor so faithfully served. They, who could not see him, desired at least his Picture, to reverence it, as the Idea of Military valour.  

His stature.  He was tall of stature, and of a Majestic aspect, which induced in all admiration and reverence, love and fear together. The hue of his flesh was white, and well coloured, and his hair and yellow beard, rendered him so resplendent, he was styled by many the King of Gold, but he hardly arrived to the thirty eighth year of his age.  
His first inclination to Arms was promoted by a Genius, as noble as generous, which made him desirous of glory, and ambitious of greatness.  
Prudence was still his companion, eloquence and sagacity accompanying his discourses, vivacity and affability his treaties, and resolution, and courage his erterprises. In great affairs he wanted not Providence, readiness, and Constancy, and the force of his wit, and strength of his mind, was still most resplendent in difficulties; he nobly contemning the Laurels, and Palms, which were not augmented by labours, and watered with pains.  
Before the Battle, he appeared not so terrible, and dreadful, as gentle, mild, and merciful, when he had obtained the victory, being undaunted in dangers, vigilant in occasions, and wife in each affair. A Prince, in fine of great understanding, and knowledge in all things.  
He was followed with a greater affection, and applause, than any Commander before him. He gave satisfaction to all, with his praises, hopes, or mildness, and especially his sincerity, actions of virtue being written by him with indelible Characters. He never forgot services, whether little, or great, but rewarded, and valued them. He was very witty in his sayings, and most affable in company, still treating, and speaking to all without pride, and frequently ask when he passed by his People, and Soldiers, how they did, what they would, and desired. To his Table and Court, while he was in the field, he admitted all Gentlemen, and private Commanders, he usually saying, a table is the torment of a secret, and a net to catch friendship, and affection. He could not abide ceremonies, and compliments affected, and to those unacquainted with his Genius, he said, or caused others to say, they should reserve their Courtship for the Queen's minds of honour, for he was in the field, to teach how to fight, and not to lead a dance.  
He was most severe in punishing the Soldier's offences, and exact in providing for the people's security.  
He, like a true soldier, to give an essay of the greatness of his mind, undertook not any enterprise, which was without danger, he that exhorted him, to a care of his life, acquiring his displeasure. It seemed to him undecent, for a Prince of a warlike constitution, to have the thoughts of death, he thinking the counsel proceeded from fear, which advised him to take heed of himself. He called him happy, that died in his trade, the volunteer death taking pay under him, that feareth him not. His designs were always great, but greater after the battle of Lipswick, he aspiring to the Empire of Germany.  
Even the Ottoman power began to reflect on the fortune and valour of this King, who used to say, 
The Turk was jealous of his fortune.  he wondered the Ancients so easily obtained their victories, 
His remarkable sayings.  and those of his time with such difficulty, to whom when represented, it proceeded from the difference in wearing, and now the expugnations of Cities, and fortresses are harder, he replied, he did not value the difference of arms, nor of times, but that of the courage. That the world was the same, each age had its Mines, and Countermines, offences and defences, and that he could war like Alexander, be victorious with Hannibal, and equal Caesar's Progresses, who had the mind of Alexander, the skilfulness of Hannibal, and Caesar's undauntedness.  
In the space of two years, he drew to his party, either by the force of arms, or the motives of his power and reputation, of Fortresses, Cities, and walled Town, to the number of a hundred and ninety. He won many battles in the field, but crowned with that of Lipswick, 
His Conquests.  his triumph having conquered the most experienced, and most fortunate Commander of his age, and an Army old in battles.  

With what Army he passed the Sea.  He passed the Seas, and entered into Germany, with a very little Army, but as a small snowball rolling down a high Mountain, becomes a great globe, so he passing from one enterprise to another, could number at his death, above 100000 foot, and 80000 horse, which made up ten Armies, together with other bodies, all under his colours.  
Nothing but the heresy of Luther eclipsed his high qualities, who, if he had followed the steps of his Ancestors, not swerving from the path of the true faith, would have been the Hero of Kings.  
He left no other Progeny, 
Christina his only daughter succeeds in the Kingdom.  than Christina his only Daughter, born on the 16. of December, in the year 1626., a Princess of so noble enendowments, and so elevated a spirit, that 'tis not any wonder, if she representing in part, the living image of her great Father's virtues, give cause to believe; Gustavus yet remains to the world in his specie, although not in his individuo.  
Now as their good education, 
The education of this Princess.  who are to have succession in Kingdoms, and principalities, is the chiefest foundation of the people's felicity, this Princess used a diligent manuring of her mind, bequeathing herself to the exercises of virtue, to be afterwards able, to outstrip with her years, the duty of age. 'Twas therefore observed, that from the first moments, as it were, of her life, and understanding, she began, though a child, to procure the enlightening of her intellect, a command o'er her reason, limits to her will, a curb to her affections, a rule to her actions, and strength ●o her body.  

Her wonderful wit.  She was not seven years old, when instructed in the elements of the Latin tongue, and letters, and having now discovered, what promise she could make to herself, in the Progresses of her studies, by the quickness of her spirit, and most singular judgement, she fell to the cultivating her mind, with the most sublime sciences, as those, which administer the true lights, not to err in the Pilgrimage of the world, and the gaining of Heaven.  
In her minority, five Ministers and Officers of the Crown, which were the most conspicuous, had the government of the Kingdom, to wit, 
On whom the Government of the Kingdom depended on her minority.  the great Admiral, bastared Brother co Gustavus her Father, the great Chancellor Axellius Oxestern, the great Precedent Gabriel Oxestern, the great Constable James of the Guard, and the great Treasurer, another Gabriel Oxestern.  
In the mean time, to her other applications aforesaid, she added the instructing of herself, in the knowledge of different tongues, to make herself the fitter, and more capaple, for the management of the Kingdom, 
She learned divers tongues.  in which she made most eminent Progresses. And as the best books are incorrupt Counselors, and Oracles, which, without the least request, even answer to our thoughts, so she in reading there, employing her best hours, endeavoured to learn there, the way to govern well.  
This Princess advancing with her years, in Virtues and Sciences, 
She makes great Progress in learning.  measured every one's ability so well, with the subtlety of her judgement, that though a girl, she penetrated the hidden designs of her principal Ministers, of whom she made use, to draw to herself, the total direction of the affairs of the Kingdom, so as she gained great veneration, freed herself from the subjection, in which some pretended to hold her, and beginning to rule, showed she had not any need, to lay the Kingdom's weight on any others head, than her own, 
She begins to assist at the Council of State, and afterwards takes the Government upon her.  insomuch that she began, when seventeen years old, to assist at the Council of the State, and in the eighteenth year, being out of her minority, took upon her the Government, on the very same day, the War against Denmark, was by the Crown of Swedland declared, notwithstanding that against the Emperor, together with his confederates, was most vigorously prosecuted.  
She always made use of knowing and able persons, and when any one assumed to himself, more authority, than was fitting; she found out a way to moderate his animosity. She alone did administer all the public affairs, and determined them with much ease, and satisfaction: She alone would treat with Ambassadors, and the Ministers of Princes, 
She administers herself the greatest affairs.  giving audience without the Secretaries of State, or any of her Counsellors, she herself giving answer, to the propositions made her, as well by her subjects, as foreign Princes.  
This Queen, though young, knew at the same time, how to make herself feared, and beloved, by her people, and strangers. She secretly sounding the genius, and thoughts of every one, so used them to the bridle of obedience, and respect, that she saw her most formidable Commanders, though accustomed at the head of their Armies, 
She makes herself beloved and feared.  to make the world afraid, to conserve still in her presence, a reverence accompanied with a fearful obsequiouness'.  
On the other side, with the nobleness of her mind, she still so obliged them, with offices of such love and affability, that she animating their affections, increased still towards herself their respect and obedience, the true props of a Kingdom.  
She beheld every writing presented her, and quickly, and with a clear voice, recited it in its language, and with her own hand wrote usually the Orders of importance, being as shy and heedy, in imparting the secrets of her mind, as curious and cunning in penetrating those of others.  
She generally affected all Natitions, virtue alone being only the object of her love. She sought to mend the bad with severity, and make the good better with favours and rewards; so as 'tis no wonder, that honour, and the rarest conditions that suit with worthy men, were seen to flourish more in her Palace, than in any other Court.  
No Prince ever favoured more lovers of virtue, than this Queen; her Majesty taking very great delight, to discourse with knowing Persons, and endeavouring to have near her, the learnedst of each Nation, whom she highly rewarded.  
She had her maids of honour in the Court for decorum, and her own entertainment; but they never withdrew her from her studies, and exercises of virtue.  
No extremity of weather, nor heat of the Sun, nor Snow, Wind, Tempests, and Rains, nor any other injuries of the season, or accidents, could induce her to that care of herself, which was due to her royal condition. She supposed great actions walked not well with delights, and the Soul had no greater impediment, in the gaining of virtues, 
She contemns all delicacy.  than the body bred up and fostered in them, labour, exercise, sobriety, and vigilance, she counting as parts, of her strong and vigorous mind.  
The glorious erterprises, which seconded the felicity of her Majesty's invincible arms, are already eternal in Histories. 
She makes war, and then peace with Denmark to her advantage.  After eight months cruel War, and the famous success of her arms; she concluded a peace with his Majesty of Denmark, to her great gain, and honour, and afterwards established that of Germany, not without great advantages to Swedland, and then too; when she thought it convenient for the ends, which she aimed at in her mind.  
She hath made renowned and famous, the City of Stockholm, with the rule of her directions, and the happy remembrance of her government; she having nothing more in her thoughts, than the causing her Kingdom to abound with arts, and wealth.  
Her Throne was the Theatre of Glory, and Justice; no Princess being ever beheld of so free a mind, and a courage so undaunted. But she thought in the mean time, of her great retreat towards Heaven, that she might not repent, she had been in the World. As her great and noble parts did charm the hearts of all, that treated with her, to the fame of them flying with speed, to the most remote Nations; produced soon the usual effects of curiosity, calling many of the curious, and most knowing, out of Italy and France, to admire her. 'Tis impossible to express the Civility, and Courtesy, with which she received every one, and particularly, her great liberality, in gratifying, caressing, and rewarding the virtuous.  
All the Princes in Europe amazed at her famous prerogatives, 
She is honoured by all the Princes of the world.  either in their own Persons, or else by their Agents, endeavoured to reverence, and serve her.  
To her great and conspicuous endowments, nothing was wanting, but the light of true Religion; but Heaven not suffering so beautiful a soul, and so good a mind, to wander in the darkness of falsehood, 
Heaven's is propitious to her.  was so kind to her in his influence, to cause great and wonderful effects.  
Divine grace awakened her searching understanding, and Heavenly inspirations began to alarm in her mind, the Survey of the dissonancies, falsehoods, and untruths, of the Sect she professed. But the business was nice, and she thought it not good, to trust her motives to those Minister's credit, whose knowledge she had formerly measured, with more accurateness, and wariness: She considered with herself, that as God was still the same, so his faith was the same, and the foundation of all truth: insomuch, that with reason, he could not suffer any thing to be altered, and dissonant in the knowledge of that Individuum, which should be only one, and still uniform to itself. She therefore began, to discover the weakness of the reasons, which Luther, and others sustained their new opinions, and fallacy with, and began to discern that the sacred Scripture understood, and respected, with that Purity and Candour, with which 'tis received and taught in the Catholic Church; furnished her with clearest arguments, to convince their untruths. She perceived some sacred books were refused by the followers of Luther, for no other cause, but their own mere capticiousness, and only for condemning their errors. That of those they retain, and have in such esteem, the greatest part they alter, adulterate, and falsify, and so variously interpret, that 'tis not any wonder, amongst such dissensions & confusions, resembling so many Hydra's head, innumerable Sects are multiplied and produced; yet all disagreeing, and contrary to one another. Nay, that now the word of God was so vilifyed, that each foolish tradesman, or ignorant woman, durst shamelessly interpret the highest mysteries of the faith, which hardly the most knowing, and most sublime wits understand. That the Sects did increase, or decrease, as assisted, and fomented here on earth; yet faith is a rare gift of Heaven, insomuch as the followers of novelties, having nothing of assurance; nor probably the true sense; 'twas surer to rely on the uniform, and agreeing interpretation of so many Saints, the Catholic Church hath had in all ages, for doctrine and integrity of life, so renowned and eminent. 'Twas therefore too evident a madness, to depart from their common consent, and adhere unto those, who, without the reputation of goodness, and virtue, have for their own passion, and private advantage, endeavoured to darken the world, to confound it, and vizard it, with many chimaeras, and malignities.  

The reasons which give motives to the true knowledge.  To these her reflections, the wise Queen added divers other weighty considerations; and amongst them, this seemed to have force, that by the continued succession of Popes, and uniformity in Rights, and Doctrine, the Church of Rome, though tossed by fierce tempests, invaded by her enemy's arms, and molested with contrary Doctrines, had always like the Palmtree, grown higher, and been still more resplendent, and glorious.  
Her Majesty observed, that the very same Nations, and particularly the Septentrional, which now do live out of the lap of the Roman Church, 
Important observations  have more than any others, for many ages past, had the Catholic faith in veneration, and produced many men; who, with their holy lives, have ennobled the world, and with their souls beautified Heaven. That the writings esteemed the most learned, the famousest actions, the conspicuousest virtues, and most refined wits, have been the perseveres in the Catholic faith, insomuch that as examples more forcibly persuade us, than precepts; it seemed to her impossible, so many good men, so intelligent, and so learned, should have been blind, to follow so tenaciously, and so long, the opinions and doctrines, which heretical Ministers represent to the simple and Idiot, for falsities, and errors.  
Besides she considered, the very same Protestants confessed, the Spaniards, the French, and Italians were of a more elevated spirit, and more composed mind; of more profound Knowledge, and a civiller, and soberer behaviour, than all other people of the world; and that amongst these of the Northern Inhabitants themselves; he was most valued, that was best acquainted with the customs, and dictates of the Nations aforesaid, insomuch that though Arius had in Spain spread the poison of his heresy; and France had both opened her bosom, and arms, to the errors of the neighbouring Countries; yet those great Kings, and most of the Nobility, without ever changing their opinions, among, so many accidents, had continued in the obedience of the Catholic Church, and the Vicar of Christ, which afforded a strong argument, for the goodness and truth of his faith.  

Her own virtue makes her see the truth.  Her Majesty received an additional force in her mind, that the Authors of heresies could never yet show; when, how, or why, the Catholic Church did prevaricate in her faith nor where, and in whom perpetuated, and conserved, it being very necessary, the true Church should always have endured in some part.  
But, the consideration of the qualities, of the Authors of heresies, made a very strong breach in this Princess' heart; her Majesty being now well informed, that interest alone, and the pleasures of the flesh, not the benefit of the public, nor integrity of the mind, were the Counsellors and Promoters of these novelties. She examined Martin Luther's condition●, 
She examines the life, and conditions of Martin Luther.  and the other opposers of the Catholic Church, and found they were men of an ill life, sensual, and extremely ambitious; whereupon like seditious persons, who in a State-Government, do cloak their pretences with the zeal of the public good, and the service of the Prince, against whom they fight, they never had other design, than the ruin of the State, and Monarchy of the Church, in revenge of the wrong, they pretended to receive in their minds; in that the Popes of Rome complied not with their boundless desires; so as she foresaw in the end, that when Luther began to impugn the value of indulgences, by depressing the authority of the Pope, he did it out of envy and anger, that the care of delivering them in Sermons, was committed to others, and not to himself, as he had desired. That when Purgatory was condemned by him, he being unwilling to admit any pain did remain to the souls, which died in the state of grace; 'twas merely his invention, either to discredit more the said indulgences, or let lose the reins to sensuality, since the contumacy is the greater, 
She perceives the falsities, and untruths spread by him.  when the punishment is represented the less. That when he denied fastings, Penance, Confession, the single life of Priests, the intercession of Saints, the Mass, the Ornaments, and Images of the Church, and the like; it only proceeded from his inward design, to make the people follow him, who are apt to believe, what allureth the senses, and furthers the appetite of nature; as likewise his principal motives for promoting his wickedness, had their rise from his unplacable hatred of the Pope, as one that condemned his errors.  
To this pious Queen, the resolution of Henry the vl King of England, seemed too sacrilegious and wicked; who withdrew from the obedience of the holy Church, a Catholic, and well composed Kingdom, and only for the pleasing of his humours, and abandoning, and debasing himself in the loves of Anne Bullen. 
She fortifies them with some important examples.  She disliked the unworthy actions of those Princes of Germany, who spoiling the Churches, had seized the revenues of so many Orders of Religious, who in honour of our Saviour, and the Heavenly Court, had employed them in sacred Temples, to glorify, and exalt him. But more than all the rest, she came to the Knowledge of the truth, by considering, how unseemly it was to believe, the Holy Ghost would use such men, that were vicious, and unworthy, for reforming of his Church, while there were so many others, renowned for their Doctrine and sanctity.  
With these speculations, and the guide of the holy Fathers, exactly prepended by her; she saw a great light before her eyes, whereupon as in the way long chosen by her, she discovered great stumblings, and disturbances; so among these new lights, she walking in the best, and readiest paths, began to examine particularly the substance and foundation of the truest religion. With great rewards she invited to her, the famousest men in the Lutheran profession, and under the colour of learning what they knew, extracted with admirable dexterity, the sum of their belief and understanding: Truth, the only Catholic, 
She detests heresy.  and Roman religion, among the black darkness of so many opinions, and contrary doctrines, began to show her cleanness, and beget in her mind, a great loathing of the manifest falsities, and immoderate absurdities, which usually by the malice of heretical Ministers, with great industry are instilled into the minds, of unwary and simple people.  

She resolves to turn Catholic.  In the mean time, Don Joseph Pinto Parera, the Portugal Ambassador arrived in Swedland, making his entrance into Stockholm about the end of July, with whom as his confessor, was Father Anthony Macedo a Portugess, together with his Companion, Father John Ardrada, both Jesuits. The Queen informed of all, was glad of that encounter, by her so desired, insomuch as concealing in her mind, a resolute inclination to the Catholic faith, she began in her discourses, and treaties, to show some esteem and affection to Father Macedo. He on the contrary side, observing the Queen, when she spoke of the Pope, to show much respect and veneration, discovered, her Majesty had a good disposition towards Catholics, and therefore with dexterity, by opening, and enlarging the way, so wrought, that every day her satisfaction and confidence of him, received augmentation.  
When the Embassy was finished, 
She sends a Jesuit to Rome.  & Parera prepared to be gone in September, 1651. het Majesty more frequently than before, began to send for the Father aforesaid; In the end, on the 12th of August, retiring with him into her inwardest lodgings, and saying, she would tell him a business of consequence; said thus in his ear, Father Macedo, you are the first Jesuit I knew, and as by the practice, and relation I have of your virtue, I suppose I may be confident of your faithfulness, and prudence; so now since you are to depart, I desire by all means, you'll procure me sent hither two Italians of your Society, expert in all Knowledge, who under the colour of Gentlemen, than desire to see the world, may stay in my Court, that I without suspicion, may make use of them, to which effect I'll write too by you to your General. 
In her letter to the Father General of the Society.  The Father complied wi●h her Majesty, with expressions, and a sense peculiar to news of that consequence, and giving her due thanks for her confidence of him, and offering to serve her with fidelity, he swore to be secret.  
Macedo come home full of joy, and consolation, and beginning to consider of the manner, how to execute diligently her Majesty's desire, resolved to ask leave, as he did, of the Ambassador, to go see, for his own curiosity, the fair and great City of Hamburg, but could not obtain it; so as he returned to the Queen, and told her of the difficulties he hid met with. Her Majesty hearing him of a settled resolution to serve her, replied, you may go, and say nothing. The Father informed, that the Vessel, 
She desires two Fathers of the Society may be sent to her.  which should carry him was then in the Haven of Balen, 35 miles distant, and ready to set sail towards Lubeck; went to take his last leave of the Queen, who gave him a letter of credence, written, and subscribed with her own hand, and directed to the General of the company of Jesus, who then was Father Francis Piccolomini.  
Father Macedo concluded his expressions, with humbly beseeching her, to consummate her holy inspirations, to which she replied, that if she had known, the Roman religion, had been best, she would have embraced it, and that he should cause the two Fathers, she desired to be sent, with whom she might freely discourse, and without all suspicion, having nothing else to say, but entreat him again, to be secret and quick.  
The Father being licenc'd to depart, went out of the gate behind the Court, which looks towards the Sea, and passed in a Feluca to a Rock, where he remained that night, since he could not reach the Vessel by day. The day after he arrived at Balem, whether one was now come, dispatched by the Queen, at the instance of the foresaid Ambassador, to arrest him, and carry him to prison; but as he had secret order from her Majesty, to let him escape, if he found him, he feigned he could not find him, and took horse and returned to Stockholm, and the Father embarked himself, and sailed towards Lubeck on the 2d. of September, where twelve days after he arrived.  
The Ambassador soon gave out, the Father was a Knave, by his flying away in that manner, and others divulged, he was become a Lutheran, and married. From thence he arriving in Hamburg, steered his course towards Nurenberg, and finally having run many dangers, came to Rome on the 18. of October, 1651.  
Father Piccolomini the General of the Society, died a little before, so as he delivered the letter to Father Goswin Nikel, who was then Vicar-general, and afterwards General; a man of great parts, and born in the City of Cullen. 
The Father General receives her letters▪ very gladly.  He embraced with great zeal, a business of that consequence, and as 'tis the particular profession of the Society aforesaid, to search all the parts of the world, to convert to the holy faith, both Heretics and Infidels, in which they employ very freely whatsoever is given them in charity, and quickly made choice of Father Francis Malines, 
He sends two Fathers into Swedland.  a Reader of Divinity in Turin his Country, and Father Paul Casate of Piacenza, a professor of Mathematics in ' the Roman College at Rome; men, besides integrity of life, of most exquisite understanding, and great knowledge, that as persons desirous to travel, and see the world, they might without delay, take their journey for Swedland.  
They arrived in Venice on the second of December. 1651, the one coming out of Piedmont, and the other from Rome. On the twelfth of the said month, they departed, and prosecuted their journey; 
Their journey.  notwithstnnding the extremity of the weather, and only in the beginning of March got ro Stockholm, being hindered on the way, by reason that Father Malines hurt his foot, by the fall of his horse, which made him keep his bed many days.  
In the mean time, Father Godfrey Franchenius, a Jesuit, and a man, that was truly Apostolical, and of excellent parts, was brought by a Tempest from Denmark into Swedland, who had frequently treated with the Queen, and not without profit, but not being able to stay there without being known, he before was departed, and gone into Flanders.  
These two Fathers, arriving in Stockholm, were presently conducted to the Queen, 
Their arrival.  as Italian Gentlemen, and Passengers. And albeit her Majesty dissembled in the beginning, they so soon perceived her good disposition, and admired too in her, than 25. years old, a soul undeceived, and exempt from vanity, and the greatness of the world, and filled with so equal a Knowledge of all things, that she seemed only nourished with the marrow of moral Philosophy. Not long after, 
They are courteously received.  she declared herself, resolved by a holy inspiration, to embrace the Catholic faith, and renounce for it her Kingdoms, and all humane greatness, though there she was not only esteemed, but adored with a fuller, and more absolute authority, than any of her time.  
There's no doubt, but she would very gladly have resettled in Swedland the Catholic faith, if she could have overcome the great, and many difficulties, that lay in the way. Too evident was the danger of spoiling the consort of her resolutions, if they had smelled the least in that kind. Besides too, the uncertainty of the end, much time was required, and hazard of her conscience, in which she was impatient to continue, without the profession of the Catholic religion, and she could by no means profess it occultly.  

She treats secretly with them, and determines to inform the Pope of her resolution.  When she had with the said Fathers, long discussed the means, that were fittest, for the compassing of her Majesty's intentions; she determined to let the Pope know her resolution, and to send unto him with her letters; the said Father Casati, who was to inform himself particularly, of all that was necessary for her future stay in Rome, which then was her design; she supposing the said City most fit for her abode, not so much for the honour of her person, as because she being there independent, of any other Potentate whatsoever in Christendom, might employ the endowments of her mind, in the service of God, and his Church, by her Majesty's interposing in many affairs of Christendom, for the which without doubt, there was no want at all of ability in her Majesty.  
She sent then the Father to Rome, in the Month of May of the year aforesaid, but omitted at that time, to make any motion to the Pope, because she was not able to renounce so soon her Kingdom, and in the mean time, they had no suspicion at all, of those resolutions, with which Pope Innocent was assistant to the business. But Father Malines remained in Swedland, well treated by the Queen, while her Majesty disposed, and so ordered her affairs, that by the States of Swedland, Charles Prince Palatine (deputed before to the Crown after her) was after her renouncing it, admitted to the Kingdom, which done, she might securely depart.  
In fine, when she was to discover her mind, and complete her resolutions, she began then, by declaring her intentions to Monsieur Bordolot, a French man, and now Abbot of Massay, her trusty Physician, to the end, he repairing to the Court of France, and making no mention at all of the business of religion, might only treat there, if, after her renouncing the Kingdom, she might sojourn in France, as likewise she had thoughts of dispatching Father Malines to Rome, with her letters to the Pope.  

Don Antonio Pimentel is in Swedland for his Catholic Majesty.  While Bordolot and Malines prepared to be gone, the Queen having made a discovery of the exquisite judgement, and great prudence of Don Antonio Pimentel; who, with the Title of Gentleman, sent from the Catholic King, to compliment the Queen, and procure between their Majesties a good correspondence, had been some Months before in that Court, where he had with his rare parts, purchased very great credit, and fame, resolved to trust him with her thoughts, and make use of his assistance and counsel, in a business of that consequence. This Gentleman heard attentitively the Queen, and was as much comforted, as astonished, 
The Queen imparts to him her thoughts.  at the strangeness of the news. And when he had considered, how meritorious in Heaven, how famous in the world, and beneficial to Christianity, so glorious an action would be, he represented to the Queen, the necessity of supporting it, by a Prince no less powerful, than pious, that he accompanying with her dispatches, the letter she sent to the Pope, might make authentic the credit of so great, and so heroic an act, for the compassing of which, the Catholic King seemed fit to her Majesty. The Queen therefore consigned to Father Malines, 
And resolves to rely on the Catholic King.  letters for his Holiness, Cardinal Chigi, than Secretary of State to the Pope, and for Father Nikei the General of the Jesuits, and likewise gave him order, that as secretly as he could, he should go into Spain, to procure the dispatches of his Catholic Majesty to the Pope, in order to which, she gave the said Father, letters for the Catholic King, and Don Lewes de Aro, supposing besides, besides, that Don Antonio Pimentel being come to Madrid, whither he was called, might add credit to her letters, and solicit the effecting their Contents. And as the greatest thing, that troubled her Majesty, consisted in secrecy, to remove every shadow of suspicion; 
Father Malines the Jesuit is dispatched to the Court of Spain for that effect.  she desired, that the Father might go another way, and not embark himself with Pimentel. For the very same reason, it seemed not good to the Queen, that Father Casati returned to Hamburg from Rome; should repass into Swedland, to avoid the renewing of the jealousies, and suspicions had formerly of them; especially she knowing, some letters had been intercepted, which Casati had written to Malines, by which they understood, that they were both engaged, in the very same business, and had common interests. Father Malines departed from Stockholm, on the 3d. of May, 1653. having stayed there something more than a year and two months. The length of his voyage from Swedland to Lubeck, occasioned by the contrary winds, and his not finding suddenly shipping in England, whither he went for that purpose out of Flanders, were the cause he arrived not at Madrid till the second of August, where he stayed certain months, without having any news of Pimentel, or negotiating any thing, since his order was not to begin, till he had first received her Majesty's letters, which were to be sent after. Don Antonio aforesaid, departed from Stockholm in the following August, and embarquing at Gottembourg, advanced not far, when the Ship, that sprang a leak, constrained him back thither; while the Vessel was repairing, he went to the Court, which then was removed to Vesten, where he received order from Spain, to stay there yet a while.  
The Queen hindered by that accident, to make use of Pimentel, 
Father Guemes a Dominican, arrives in Swedland, and her Majesty makes use of him.  substituted in his place, Father John Baptist Guemes a Dominican, who was in Denmark with the Earl of Rebogliedo the Spanish Ambassador to that King, and being to negotiate some business appertaining unto the said Earl, in the Court of Madrid, was to have, and expect the conveniency of embarquing himself with Pimentel, to which end, in the month of July, 1653, he arrived at Gottembourg; but the Ship, as aforesaid, coming back, and he being commanded by Pimentel to continue with him; went thence with him to Vesten. The Queen knowing, he was a man of great prudence, and other rare qualities; and considering she could give no suspicion by his going into Spain, since they knew long before, he went for the affairs of Rebogliedo, she lost not the conjuncture of making use of him; for the treating of that in Madrid, which she had designed should be done by Pimentel. 
She informs him of the business, and sends him into Spain.  She therefore informed him of the matter, and wrote to Father Malines, whom before she had ordered, to make no attempt of any thing, without new advice, which he was to expect, before he promoted any bus●ness.  
Father Guemes departed with her Majesty's dispatches, and Pimentel's, on the ninth of October, and after many troubles, and impediments, arriving in the Catholic Court, in the month of March, 1654., very earnestly solicited there, the King's letters to the Pope, to accompany the Queens, and so honourably, & so faithfully proceeded in this business of consequence, that her Majesty afterwards declaring, she was infinitely satisfied; was most confident of him, by making him her Confessor, and using him in her hardest, and most scrupulous resolutions. Though not only by the mouths of the foresaid two Fathers Malines, and Casati, together with the Dominican, 
Her negotiations.  and the letters of Pimentel himself, his Majesty was fully informed, and assured of all things; yet he could do no less, than remain surprised a while, at the news of so great, and so strange a resolution; it seeming to him a difficult thing, 
The King of Spain's sense of the news.  that a Princess of that spirit, and of so sublime a judgement, could abandon her Kingdoms, her Country, and subjects, whom she loved so tenderly, and protected, to lead a private life, without that great Command; for this only reason, to live quietly in the Catholic religion; his Majesty discoursing with himself, that though the said Queen was not able in public, at least she could have exercised in private, the true faith in her own Kingdom, and perhaps with more advantages to the Catholic religion, especially since surrendering the Sceptre unto a new King, who might be of a turbulent, and warlike disposition, was to open peradventure the way, to some of those erterprises, which in the afflictions of Christianity, might cause greater damages to the interests of Catholics than among the applauses of the world, get glory, and repose to the Queen. He considered too wisely, that the things of the world, have nothing that is constant but inconstancy, and that women particularly, notwithstanding they have courage, and spirit, are subject to change, so as he was not able with his solid Intellect, 
The King of Spain's perplexity.  to judge securely of a single appearance; nor thought he it agreeable to his gravity and decorum, to engage himself in any thing, without sounding more fully the business, and reaching the bottom of the motives, from which a resolution so great, and so little in use, was derived. But afterwards assured, that many heroical virtues, and eminent parts abounded in the Queen, with the motive of which, she knew, the world was one of those enemies, that is conquered by flying, and albeit a woman had strength to trample under her feet, its forces, allurements, and charms, and conquer herself. The King was so taken with her Majesty's magnanimous action, that out of his most pious zeal to the honour of God, 
With great piety he undertakes the business, and writes to the Pope.  and the Catholic Church, he not only with great fervour accompanied her Majesty's letter to the Pope; but exhibited all his protection, for the journey, and entire satisfaction of so noble, and so virtuous a Princess.  
After the peace of Germany, the States of Swedland, having soon bend their thoughts for the settlement of the Kingdom; had likewise found it necessary to provide, that the Masculine succession failing in the blood Royal, some one might ascend the Throne quietly and peaceably, and the rather, since the recalling the suffrages of the ancient elections, did not seem good to them, they knowing by experience, that kind of dominion, as not very durable, and unsafe, had often been replenished with tumults and calamities; whereupon they unanimously agreed, that her Majesty pleasing herself with a husband, that was not of a different religion, nor suspected by the States, should establish in her Progeny the security of succession. 
The States of Swedland make instance to the Queen.  They therefore made several instances to the Queen, and often solicited the effect of their desires.  
The Queen, who in her mind had greater designs, making use of the pretence of being unwilling by marriage, to subject her own liberty to any, declared, that as she had been born free, 
Her Majesty's answer.  so she likewise would live, and die free. She boastingly said, all the Kingdoms of the world were a price below the value of liberty, which only was the preciousest Gem in her Crown. That she knew, the chaste wits were still the most vigilant, most lively, and the fittest for all things, which require understanding, spirit, and prudence.  
The States seeing her firm in resolving not to marry; pretended at least to appoint her a Successor, to the end, that she failing, there might be no difficulty in a new King's election. And because whatsoever we can most of all wish for in a Prince, consists in his valour, his prudence, and goodness, in the meeting of all the four Orders of the Kingdom, the qualities and parts of the most conspicuous personage being maturely examined, all gave their votes and applauses, to the foresaid Prince Charles Gustavus, Palalatine, as one, who descending by Birth from Emperors and Kings, and having till that time commanded the Swedish Amies, had given in all occasions great experiments of his valour and prudence. Besides he being passionately beloved by the people and soldiers; could desire no clearer arguments of his merit, 
Charles Gstavus Palatine is declared, and substituted in the Kingdom after the death of the Queen.  for his exaltation to the Crown, established in his Person, by his substitution in the Kingdom, if Christina should fail.  
Some Politicians divulged (to meddle in their discourses with so great an affair) the Queen was not pleased, the gate of dominion should be opened to this Prince's desire, since this being the most sensible of humane affections, and that which soon toucheth the quick, they might see again acted on the Stage, the offences of those times, in which many men, thinking nothing to be villainous, and wicked; have trampled under foot, to compass soon their ends, all respects, obligations, honour and conscience. But the said Politicians have failed in the conceit, which perhaps they imagined their discourses would have raised, while that they measured her Majesty's thoughts, and resolutions, with their own ordinary rule of the interest of State. The Queen's designs had solider motives, and deeper foundations. She sought to gain a Kingdom, where Angels inhabit, and therefore lost that willingly where men have their residence. 
She trusts wholly in God.  The Queen could not err in the reason of State, who secured to herself that of God. She laboured to know God in true greatness, and felicity; and God made himself known to her, by giving her judgement, and vigour, to seek what few did desire, and to despise that which all covet after. For what concerned humane reputation, and glory, she had learned; she could not better make happy and prolong the short periods of her life, than with the report of one of the most glorious resolutions, that had ever been heard. She therefore very charitably and freely, agreeing to surrender her Sceptre to the foresaid Prince Palatine, contrived a way with which, without discovering her thoughts, she frankly might renounce the possession of those States, which were no longer hers, because by her Majesty exchanged for those of Heaven. She thought, that she had not the lustre of any virtue, while she sat on that Throne, which was not illustrated with the splendour of true faith. The Queen loved God, and therefore could no longer love the world. To mount to the greatness of Heaven, 'twas necessary she should fall from the height of terrestrial felicity.  
This her Majesty's resolution discovered to some she most trusted, it seemed strange to them, she would abandon voluntarily the dominion of a Kingdom, than which there is not any thing more desired on the earth: & as in the change of a Prince, both the Cities, and Inhabitants, are oftentimes subject to hurtful alterations, so with the apprehension of future events, and the want of the happiness they enjoyed, 
She resolves to forgo her Kingdoms.  they particularly were troubled, and discontented, and laboured to remove her from that her opinion, with very strong reasons, and resembling the quality of the matter, of which they discoursed. They knew the new King's ●enius, and the martial inclinations of his Captains, so as they were afraid, it might prove one of those punishments, which with the appearance of a blessing, is cast upon them, whom God will chastise. They doubted, 
She is dissuaded, but without effect.  though the Queen loved peace, and a good correspondence with the neighbouring Princes, that the Genius and Interest of her Majesty's Successor, would not be the same, who probably at his entrance into his principality, would have the ambition, to make ostentation of his valour, and foment his Commanders desires.  
To convince her understanding, and divert her from so great a resolution, many of the knowing'st and zealousest Ministers, whom her Majesty did the honour, to trust with her design of renouncing her Kingdom, but not with her change of religion, advanced so far, to presage unto her unlucky events, but nothing could retain her in her motion, which she urged with all speed.  
Now all things appertaining to that renunciation were in readiness; and nothing was wanting, but to solemnize it, 
The renouncing follows.  with those public functions, required in such Cases. Many Feasts being therefore now made, together with tiltings, for a happy prediction of the new King's Coronation, in the end on the 17th of January 1654., they brought it to a period. The Prince Palatine would have had it deferred, till the following July, while his clothes, and other things becoming the magnificence of this unusual spectacle, were prepared. But the Queen admitting no delay; prevented these demurs with all diligence, while each little minute seemed too long to her, for the the finishing her secret intentions.  
She therefore came out of her lodgings that day, about nine of the clock in the morning, and appeared in the great open gallery of the Court, accompanied by the Senate, and the Grandees of the Palace. She wore a stately robe embroidered with Crowns of gold, and with a comely gravity walking up and down among a great company of Gentlemen, and other, who out of curiosity, came to see so renowned, and unusual a function, 
The ceremonies of this action.  sat down in a chair, under a Canopy of Silver nobly wrought, and adorned. Here the Lord Zchering Rosem●hain a Senator of the Kingdom, read with a loud voice the instrument of donation, which her Majesty made to the said Prince Charles Gustavus Palatine, and a Patent; in which the new King engaged to the said Queen, three Islands, and divers revenues issuing out of Pomerania, with other, regalities, to the yearly value of two hundred thousand crowns. Her Majesty accepting the writings, rose up, and taking the Crown from her head, delivered it to the Earl, Peter Bracch great Praefect, and principal Senator of the Kingdom. The Sceptre, Sword, Globe of gold, and a Key, she consigned to four great Personages, and Ministers of the Kingdom: to wit, to Count Gustavus Horn General of the Militia, to Count Gabriel Oxerstern, to Count Oxerstern great Chancellor, and Count Magnus Gabriel de la Gardie great Treasurer. The Queen had nothing left to put off, but the royal Robe, and she seeing that those, to whom it belonged, deferred to untie it, untied it herself, and in throwing it down, sported with her maids of Honour, and was pleasant with them, while there was not any one, in so great a number of persons, 
A generous act of her Majesty.  that could forbear weeping, to see this so generous action of the Queen, to whom the hearts of all paid the tribute of duty and affection. The royal robe being deposed, she was begirt with a very white garment, and here with a majestic affability, turning towards the Nobility and people, with a loud, and clear voice, and great freeness of mind, prayed a quartern of an hour with such efficacy and sweetness, that all remaining equally dazzled, with the splendour of so much virtue, and softened with the pleasantness of the manner, had such an affection, as admits not of comfort, nor receives moderation.  
After this, with a long and most prudent discourse, 
She gives some advertisements to the King her Successor.  she advertised the new King of many things appertaining to the Kingdoms good Government, and affectionately recommended to him the Queen her Mother, her Friends, and all her Subjects, whom she loved so firmly; and so she returned to the very same room whence she came, leaving all the people, in the darkness of confusion, and bitterness of sorrow, for the loss of that Sun, which so long had governed them, with the influence of his rays.  

The Prince Palatine is anointed King of Swedland.  The Prince Palatine two hours after, was conducted to the Cathedral, by the Archbishop of Upsalia, where he was anointed King, and received the royal ensigns, and the next day after, the solemn oath was given him by all the four Orders of the Kingdom.  
In these solemnities, several sorts of money, of gold and silver, ●ere scattered up and down, as well by the Queen, as the King. Those by the King had his Picture on the one side, and the words Carolus Gustavus, and on the other, a regal-Crown, with these words, a Deo & Christina. Those by the Queen had her Picture on the one side, and on the other a Crown, with these words, Et sine Te.  
The day after the usual Oath of loyalty being performed to the King by the States, the Queen visited, and honoured by all; 
The Queen's return to Stockholm, and her departure.  departed from Upsalia towards Stockholm. The King accompanied her to the Manor of Merstad, which is half the way, and all the Senators, Gentlemen, and chief Ladies of the Court, waited on her to Stokholm, where she stayed three days. Here all desired to see her, and to be seen by her, who received them with such courtesy and kindness, that they there made discovery, of the pleasure she took, to leave them all mindful of her virtues, and government.  
She had made them believe, 
She makes them believe she will go into the Island of Holland  she would go live in the Island of Holland, fifty leagues distant from Stockholm, in the fair Castle there, with a great Park of Deer, where the Kings were accustomed to retire for their pleasure.  
With this report she departed from Stockholm, three hours after the setting of the Sun. She would depart by night, not to see their affections, and tears, who apprehended the want of so great a Queen, and so good a Mother.  
Yet from the royal Palace to the gate of the City, 
The affliction of the people for her departure.  the concourse of the people was great, but the affliction much greater, which oppressed their senses; every one, as immovable and mute, with their eyes cast down on the earth, giving to understand a weighty sorrow hath neither tears, nor sighs sufficient to express it.  
The King had sent the greatest part of the Court to accompany, and attend her; among whom were the Lord Charles Soop, a person of great quality, with the charge of high Steward, the Lord Tersen Gentleman of the Chamber, and of much desert and virtue with six other Gentlemen of his Majesty, all of noble families and merit; the Lord Vlifeldt great Master of Denmark, retired long since into Swedland, under his Majesty's protection, the Senators Earl Todt, and Baron Lind, with Eal Donoau, Lieutenant Colonel, all three personages of high worth, and eminent parts, with several others.  
In her going out of the City, she was saluted with the Artillery from the walls, and the ships, and as she passed along, the Governors of Forts, and Provinces waited on her with their Soldiers. 
Her Majesty's journey.  She travailed all night, and the next day in the evening arrived at Nikopin, the residence of Queen Mary Eleanora her Mother, a Princess of most admirable qualities, where she only stayed so long to embrace her, and give her the last farewell, 
She visits the Queen her Mother.  the separation from whom, was as sensible peradventure to her, as that of her Kingdom. In this she went voluntarily far off, from the fruition of a very great happiness, and in that went from her; who had bequeathed to her, her own blood.  
The same night, without taking any other repose, she continued her journey towards Norkopin, a City, and Port of the Sea, eight leagues distant from Nicopin, which was one of the Forts, her Majesty had reserved to herself; Here she stayed a day to repose, she having not yet slept since her departure from Stockholm. The next day she went to Linkopin, five leagues farther, where she stayed a day; and from thence to Junkopin, a fortress fourteen leagues off, where she rested that night. The day following she advanced to a house, of a Swedish Gentleman, called Giornornotte, eight leagues off, and here taken with a Pleurisy, 
She gives out she will change her journey.  or stitch in her breast, she was forced to stay eight days. As soon as she was well, she gave out, she would go another way, and instead of advancing towards the foresaid Island of Holland, she went towards Alstat, a Town situated in Aland, a Province which ten years before the Sweeds had taken from the King of Denmark.  
This City is indifferently handsome, encompassed with strong walls, and from the said house some fifteen leagues distant. 
She dimisses div●rse of the Court.  Here she stayed two days, and dismissed not only the officers of the King, who were to wait upon her to the foresaid Castle of Holland, but Brodin too the Lutheran Minister, who had accompanied her from Stockholm, retaining with her the Senator Soop, and the Earl of Donoau.  
Arriving at Laolin, a Castle in the said Province, five miles from Almstat, she caused the same night her hair to be cut, 
She puts on man's clothes, to pass unknown.  and putting on man's clothes, took the way the next morning, towards Ingilholm, a little Town of the Province of Blekingem belonging to the King of Denmark, taking no body with her, but the foresaid Lords, Soop and Donoau, the Earl of Stemberg, a Swedish Gentleman of eminent esteem, and her great Master of the horse, the Lord Wolf, Gentleman of her Chamber, and Mr. Apelman her Secretary, with three Grooms of the Chamber, about nine in all, giving out she was the Earl of Donoau a Swede, who went to see the world, which she did to pass through Denmark, without being subject to invitations, and entertainment. From Ingelhom she came the same night to Helsingbourg a Port of the Sound, which is an arm of the Sea about a league in breadth, 
She passes the strait of the Sound.  through which pass all the Ships, which from the Baltique Sea, do sail towards the West, where the Danes search usually the Vessels, and receive a certain toll, She passed it in little boats, and arriving at Helsenor on th' 7th of July, when she had refreshed herself a little while, continued her journey with diligence; yet omitted not to visit the noble Castle at Federichbaug,, seated in a very fine prospect, three leagues only distant from Helsenor; which, as the place of the delights of the Kings of Denmark, was sumptuously adorned. She came at three hours in the night to Rotschilt a little City seated on the side of a Lake, and from thence went to Korsor a Port on the Baltique Sea, and the same night passed the Bect, a branch of the Sea about four leagues broad, which divides the Province of Zealand from Funen, which belong all to Denmark. On the 9th of July at the rising of the Sun, she arrived at Nibork, which was o'er against Korsor, a Port of the Sea. Here she entertained herself, till the Wagons were prepared for travailing, which are all covered, and very commodious, like the Caroches in France, and the Coaches in Italy. She went then to Obensee, the Metropolitan City of the said Province of Funen, a walled Town, and full of old Turrets, indifferently handsome and civil, where the Court of Denmark resides a certain month of the year, two leagues near the said Port. She stayed there that night, and passing the next day through Kolding, a Tower on an narrow arm of the Sea, which serves for a Haven, though it be between the land, where the King uses sometimes to sojourn; she arrived at Hadversleve a little place, and encompassed with old walls.  
She continued thence her journey, and the following night came to Flensbourg, the chief City, and a Port of the Sea, of the Province of Jutland, renowned for the great traffic it holds with the North, and the West.  
On the tenth, she passed through, Rensbourg a walled Town, and lay that night at Jetzcho an open place. By break of day the next morning, she advanced towards Altennau, a City belonging to the Earl of Oldembourg, between whom and the City of Hambourg there is an ancient quarrel; 
She comes to Hambourg.  that Earl pretending to greater jurisdiction over a bridge of Hambourg, where he receives a little tribute from Altennan, near two little leagues, the Queen came to Hambourg, on the very same day a good while before the setting of the Sun; yet she entered the Town, and remained there unknown till the following day, and then putting on woman's apparel, she was seen and known by all.  

She speaks with the Prince of Holsteria, and concludes the marriage of his daughter with the King of Sweden.  Having stayed there a day, she went to Neummunster, a City remote a day's journey, to see Prince Frederick of Holstein, with whom she remained a day, treating and concluding the marriage of the King of Swedland, with the Princess Hedvyck Eleonora his Daughter.  
The King of Swedland had discovered to the Queen, his inclination to this match, and entreated her favour in the business, provided her Majesty's consent went with his. The Queen, who could not chose but be glad, after giving him a Kingdom, to give him too a wife, concluded it quickly to the equal obligation of both parties to her. She afterwards returning to Hambourg, stayed there till the 30th of July.  
Five days after her Majesty's arrival, the Court which stayed behind, as aforesaid, overtook her at Hambourg, It consisted of about fifty persons, besides the Coaches, divers horses and the baggage, with whom were sigre Gustavus di Liliecron a Gentleman of eminent worth, and most excellent parts, the wife of the foresaid Earl of Stemberg, with three of her women, Sigre John Wrangell, Sigre Silvekron her Steward, Doctor Wenleu her Physician, and some Musicians, all which took the very same way through Denmark.  
This King, having had private notice, of her Majesty's passage through his Country, and ambitious to express his devotions to her, went presently with his wife, and all the Court to Kolding, and under the pretence of going a hunting, met on purpose her retinue, and hearing that her Majesty was there, came out of his Coach, to look into those of the Swedes; but for all his solicitude, and earnestness, not finding the Queen and assured she was gone by, he was much displeased, he had been prevented by her Majesty's great diligence; it troubling him extremely, he could not comply with his duty towards a Princess, of so great desert and condition, and so cordially respected by him.  
The end of the first BOOK.   

The History of the sacred and Royal Majesty of Christina Alessandra, Queen of Swedland, etc. The Second Book.  
The Argument.  
THe Queen goes into Flanders, and comes to Antwerp. There she stays. The Archduke and others send to compliment her. The Earl of Buquoy goes thither in the name of his Catholic Majesty. After the retreat of the Spanish Camp from the Siege of Arras, the Archduke comes to Antwerp to visit her, the Prince of Conde doth the same, the Duke of Lorraine, the Earl of Fuensaldagna, and the Grandees of the Court, and Army, together w●th other Princes. Earl Raymund monte Cuccoli dispatched from the Emperor, comes for the same Purpose. Don Anthony Pimentel is sent unto her by the Catholic King with the title of extraordinary Ambassador, and stays with her Majesty. The Archduke invites the Queen to Brussels, where she is royally received; she makes secret profession of the Catholic religion. She received advice of the death of the Queen her mother. Pope Innocent the tenth dies: Alexander the seventh is assured to the Papacy with an universal applause. The Queen soon imparts unto him her resolutions and designs. She departeth from Brussels, Her Majesty's journey to Inspruch.  
While her Majesty stayed at Hambourg divers Princes and great Lords of the Country's thereabouts came thither to visit her, and with others, 
She is Visited in Hambourg by divers Princes of Germany.  Prince Christian of Mechelbourg, the Duke of Brunswick, the three Brothers, the Dukes of Lunebourg, whose Sister is Queen of Denmark, Frederick Landgrave of Hessen, with the Princess his Wife, sister to Charles' the now King of Swedland, together with the two Princes Francis Albert, and Gregory John of Saxony Lavenbourg. The Queen received them all with great courtesy, yet privately treated with them as concealed. Earl Benedict Oxensterne came likewise from Wismar, the place of his government, to wait upon her Majesty, and General Koningsmark from Staden, in the Bishopric of Bremen, where he was Commander in chief.  
The Landgrave of Hessen, 
She is feasted abroad by the Landgrace of Hessen.  on the thirtieth of july, gave the Queen a stately feast without the City, in a Villa called Vanspek. All the Princes then in Hambourge, were invited thither likewise, where they were very merry, after supper the Queen returned to Hambourg, the gate being opened for her, by order of the senate, for the guarding of which till her Majesty was entered, the principal Citizens stood in arms, and there finding all things convenient for her journey, without taking leave of any one, she desiring to go more concealed than ever, she departed after midnight, accompanied by the Earl of Stemberg, 
She departs on the sudden from Hambourg.  Signior Wolf Gentleman of the Chamber, and three Grooms, reapparalling herself in man's clothes.  
She remanded into Swedland the senator Soop, and Earl of Donoau, the Countess of Shemberg, and the rest remained in the City, with order to follow her the next day after, and to be at a set time in Amsterdam, every one having liberty to take what way he found most convenient; for the passages at that time were unsafe, by reason of the war between the City of Bremen, and the Swedes, whom they of the said City endeavoured to expel out of the lands, they had seized, and possessed in these parts.  
That senate pretended the said holds, as members of their juridiction, were unjustly detained by the Crown of Swedland. The Swedes refused to quit them, alleging they were in the province of Bremen, but not of the Diocese of that City. In the mean time the Citizens of Bremen being armed on the sudden, and assailing the said lands, obliged the Swedes to retreat, 
Differences between the Crown of Swedland and the City of Bremen.  but the King of Sweden afterwards sending thither with his forces, the Generally Strangel, and Stemboth, they not only recovered the said holds, but reduced those of Bremen to surrender them free to Swedland, and repair their losses with a great sum of money.  
On the first day of August at night, her Majesty departed from Hambourg, and lodged in a Village called Bardwick in Westphalia, in the jurisdiction of the Duke of Lunebourg. She took this unfrequented way, though there were two other more commodious, and more beaten, to pass the more secure, and unknown.  

Her Majesty's journey from Hambourg to Antwerp.  On the second she lay in Rodembourg, a little Town of the said Duke of Lunebourg, on the third at the Village of Barembourg, and on the fourth at Mindem, a strong and considerable City, seated on the river Wesser the chief of that Province. The day after she went to Osnabruck, a great and famous City for the meeting there lately of the plenipotentiaryes, and ministers of the Protestant Princes, for the treatyes of the general peace of Germany, belonging to the Bishop, the sovereign Prince of that place. On the sixth she Came to Munster, a City renowned for the conference, and peace aforesaid, established there by the mediators, and plenipotentiaryes of all the Christian Princes.  
The next morning her Majesty before she departed, desired to see the College of the jesuits esteemed and loved by her, as persons of great virtue and learning, and here while her Majesty went viewing the things of greatest Curiosity, although she was known by one of that Company, who had her picture by him, 
She is known in Munster.  which was not ill done, and resembled her, he observing too in her, the countersignes given him by a Brother of the Society, yet he made no matter of it, not to hinder the pleasure she took in not being discovered.  
Her Majesty departing from Munster on the seventh day, lay that night in the village of Ensened, and on the eighth at Deventer, a principal fortress of the dominion of the Republic of Holland, where she saw, as she passed by, one Mr. Granovius, a man for his great learning, much esteemed by her. On the ninth she went to Amesfort, where arrived too the same day, the train of her Majesty, to whom she gave order, by one of the Grooms of her Chamber, that without making show of knowing her Majesty, they should keep on their journey, and instead of bending towards Amsterdam, according to the first order, go directly to Antwerp.  
The States of Holland receiving advice, that the Queen gone from Swedland, came towards the low Countries, gave order throughout all their Dominions, they should stand on their guards, and be ready to receive her with due honours. Bun her Majesty passed through Deventer, Amesfort, Vtrecht, and other places; without being known, though, she was expected every where there.  
On the tenth at night she lay in a Village near Gorcum, and passing the next day through the town, indifferently strong, on the river Wahal, she came to Breda, a fortress as famous in Brabant, as renowned in the wars past, on the twelfth of August she ended her journey in Antwerp, entering there privately, and lodging in the house of Don Garzia Doyliano, a Portugese, one of the richest and chiefest of that famous, City.  

She arrives in Antwerp.  The day after overtaken by her train, she put on women's clothes, and received the visit of Don Balthasar Marcadero, the Commander of the Citadel, a person of clear fame, and great valour, afterwards in order by the Magistrates of the City, and the rest or the principal Gentlemen of that noble Country.  
All flocked to see her with equal Curiosity and respect, 
The applauses, with which she is seen in that City.  and dazzled with the splendour of her rare endowments and prerogatives, were not able to view her with greater applause, than that of an affectionate, and reverend admiration. The throngs of the citizens were for some days so great, that they could hardly pass up and down in the streets, that were near to her Court.  
In the mean time the Archduke, the Prince of Conde, the Duke of Lorraine, and the Earl of Fuensaledagna, with the rest of the Princes, and Grandees, designed for the direction and Command of the Army in Flanders, were all in the field, beseiging the most important City of Arres, very valiantly defended by the French, and invaded by the Spaniards with great earnestness and vigour. 
The Archduke sends to compliment her.  And though Cardinal Mazarine was most diligent & intent to supply it with all necessaries, yet so great was the confidence of the Spanish Commanders, that they verily believed, to welcome this great Queen, with so glorious a victory.  
With thoughts of this kind, continuing that siege, all the said three Princes, sent persons expressly to assure her, that they within few days, disengaged from that fortress would come and waire upon her with their presence, as they did then with their hearts, replenished with joy for the happy arrival of her Majesty.  
The Earl of Ruquoy, a Grandee of Spain and a Gentleman of much worth, designed by his Catholic Majesty, extraordinary Ambassador to compliment the Queen, eight days after her arrival in Antwerp, gave a very good account to her Majesty of his Commission, and was received by her, with many demonstrations of esteem proportionable to his merit, and the greatness of the sender,  
But in the mean time, the Cardinal having gathered together the French Army, and disposed the orders, where no less his refined understanding, and conduct, than good fortune appeared, the circumvallation being broken, and gained, which by all was thought impenetrable, freed the tottering City, to the very great glory, and benefit of the Crown of France. His imperial Highness retured then to Bruxelles, on the eighth of September, and the next day went to Antwerp, to compliment her Majesty in his person, as he had done before with his letters. The Queen received him, at the foot of the stairs, conducted him to her lodgings, made him sit down o● against her, in such another chair, gave him always the title of Highness, and accompanied him to the bottom of the same stairs, with reciprocal satisfaction, still speaking in Italian. The Archduke stayed in Antwerp one day, and returned the next to Brussels.  
When the Army was retired into the garrisons, the Prince of Conde, likewise went to wait on her Majesty, 
The Prince of Condes pretences not admitted.  who, as the first Prince of the royal blood of France, pretended the Queen should receive, and treat him, with the forms and prerogatives, she had used with the Archduke. He therefore sent before, the Precedent Viola, one of the chief slingers of the Parliament of Paris, and the constantest follower of his party, to visit her, and discover her intention about his reception, who related her Majesty would treat him, 
He visits the Queen as a private Gentlemen.  in the form due to Princes of his quality. Viola was not satisfied with these general words, but would sound her farther, insisting to pretend the same honours done to the Archduke. Whereupon the Queen offended, perhaps at the diffidence, he seemed to have of her wary, and generous discreetness, resolved to hold her own, refusing the Prince those acts of Civility, of which, as she afterwards declared, she would have been liberal, if he had not pretended to them, as his due. Viola then unable to compass the business, in the manner pretended by the Prince, found at last this expedient, that his Highness should go visit her privately, as he did, being treated like a private Cavalier.  
Francis Duke of Lorraine came afterwards (received too privately by her Majesty) the Earl of Fuensaldagna, 
Many Iricies and great Lods come to ●isit the Queen.  and divers other Grandees of Spain, who had their reception, in the form used to them by the Catholic King, causing them to be covered. The tamburet, which is a less seat, granted usually by Queens to Princesses of great quality, was given to the Duchess' of Ascot, of Auray, and the Princess of Ligni, all Ladies of Flanders, who went to wait upon her, being married to Grandees of Spain.  
The King of Scots sent likewise the Earl of Norwich, to congratulate her arrival, and the Elector of Brandembourg, Count Maurice, of Nassau, and others. The Princess too of Conde sent her Gentleman, to pass all due compliments with her Majesty.  
While the Queen stayed in Antwerp, she still employed herself in noble entertainments, sometimes passing her time in seeing some moral representations, and chiefly in taking notice of many virtuous persons, who flocked from all parts, to wait upon her Majesty, and be known to her.  
From the Hague came concealed the Queen of Bohemia, married heretofore to the Prince Elector Palatine, and sister to Charles the first King of England, with Princess Elizabeth her daughter, and the princess of Orange, and only to see her, as they did, at a Comedy, they being unwilling to be known, not to be obliged perhaps, to give her a visit, without a return of the reception, they pretended. Her Majesty went often to see the house of the, Professed, and the College of the jesuits, where she saw represented Thyestes in Seneca, as she had desired, and another play entitled Manasses.  
During her stay in Antwerp, the Emperor sent to compliment her, 
The Emperor sends Earl Montecucoli to compliment her Majesty  Earl Raymund Montecucoli, his General of the Horse, a person of rare parts, & eminent fame. The said Earl had been in Swedland, a little before, with the title of Gentleman sent thither by the Emperor, to ratisfy the good correspondence of his Imperial Majesty with that Crown, as likewise the freedom of a reciprocal commerce. She received Montecucoli kindly, declaring herself much obliged to the goodness of Cesar, for the honuor he did her, whose letters she answered with all due respect, remanding this Gentleman to Vienna, with all satisfaction.  
On the seventeenth of August her Majesty went concealed to Brussels, 
She goes concealed to Brussels.  and lay in the house of Madam Pimentel. She not only saw the palace, but twice too the College of the jesuits, and thei' fair and great library, where she shewed her great learning, and the very great knowledge she had of rare books, and grave sciences. She stayed four days in Brussels, and visited there the Monastery, of the Carmelite discalceat Nuns, of the order of St. Teresa, the Ladies, or religious of Berlaymont, the principal Monastery of Flanders, and the most noble College of the Canonesses of Nivelles. When she was returned to Antwerp, Mounsieur De Chenut, the than French Ambassador to the States of Holland, came thence to wait upon her. He had been before, as we said Ambassador of the most Christian King to her Majesty in Swedland, so as he was treated by her; with the greatest demonstrations of affection, and esteem being known by her Majesty to be of great abilities, and experience, in affairs of greatest moment.  
The Catholic King now informed, the Queen was gone towards Flanders, with the thoughts of staying there some little time, 
The King of Spain sends Don Antony Pimentel extraordinary Ambassador to the Queen.  remanded into the low Countries, Don Antony Pimentel Diprado, master of the camp of the Spanish foot, and Governor of Newport, with the title of extraordinary Ambassador to this Princess to assist her in all things, as likewise to honour, with such a demonstration, her heroic resolution's  
Don Antony, departed from Brussels for Spain, on the eighth of June. 1654. going thither to give an account of his negotiations in Swedland, and passed with a passport through France, being met, defrayed, lodged, and all his charges borne, by order of Cardinal Mazarine, not so much in regard of his merits, though he was much esteemed in France, as in token of the said Cardinal's gratitude, who in his retreat out of France into Germany, was honourably treated in the Spanish Dominions. The care of accompanying him, was committed to Mounsieur De Touchanpre,  
The said Pimentel, embarquing at Biscaglia, arrived at Mardick on the twenty ninth of October, and from thence went towards Antwerp, whither he came on the fourth of December. He went to his first audience with a most noble train, being a Gentleman very splendid and generous, and naturally affable and courteous. Here the Queen stayed▪ till all things were prepared for her reception in Brussels, which was to be sumptuous, according to the orders the Catholic King had given expressly unto the Archduke, and the rest of his ministers, who failed not of punctually fulfilling the generous mind of his Majesty.  
While the Queen remained in Antwerp, Earl Todt passed by there, sent by the King of Swedland to the Court of France, who by order of his King, was to compliment her Majesty, which he did with expressions, corresponding with the gratitude, that was due from his master, for so great, and extraordinary a benefit.  
In the mean time Count Pontus Della Garda arrived too from Paris in Antwerp, and going to wait on her Majesty, was detained awhile by her, as likewise Monsieur Palpitzky, who resident in France for the Crown of Swedland, had order from his King, to assist her and serve her; she remanded into Swedland the Earl of Shemberg, to return the King's compliment, and come to some agreement about the lands appointed for her maintenance.  
When all things in fine were in readiness for her Majesty's reception in Brussels on the 13. of December, 
The Archduke returns to Antwerp, to invite the Queen to Brussels.  the Archduke came to Antwerp, to invite her to Brussels, in the name of the King of Spain, he himself returning thither the day after, where 'twas appointed, the Queen leaving Antwerp on the 23. should arrive the same Evening, as she did.  
Her Majesty departed that day very privately by Coach, being attended and accompanied by the foresaid Earl Pontus, and Palpitzky by Messieurs di Lillicerou, Wolf and Wrangel, Gentlemen of her Chamber, Monsieur Silvekron her Steward, Baron Carock Messieurs d' Eberling, Bukoven, Varenne, and other Gentlemen, with six Pages, eight Grooms, and others of her Court.  
Being come half way she was welcomed by all the Canons and Musketts in Wi●brouch, a Castle indifferently strong, seated on the Channel that runs to Brussels, where the Archduke met her, who came with his Guards, and a Noble and numerous attendance, as well of his Court, as the principal Gentlemen of the Country.  
He represented to her Majesty, with much Courtesy and respect, the great satisfaction he received for her arrival, conducting her into a house, where a very sumptuous dinner was provided, and they sat down to the Table, the Queen at the upper end under a cloth of state, the Archduke on her right hand; a little below on the other side of the Table, but under the same Cloth of state, the Marquest Mattei being her Cupbearer, and the Marquis of Beralau a Fleming her Carver.  
Some two hours after her Majesty continued her journey, on the Channel towards Brussels in a Bucentoro most richly adorned, and guilded within and without, which carried twelve pieces of Canon, and was drawn by twelve horses, of which was the Captain the Admiral of Antwerp.  
In this ship there went none but the Queen, the Archduke, and the chief of their Courts, the remainder being carried in o●her Barks, which staying now and then in the sluices, which keep up the water, did satisfy in part the Curiosity of the people, which flocked in h●ge throngs for beholding this Princess, all the banks of the Channel, all the houses and the neighbouring fields abounding with Persons of all kinds.  
From Wilbrouch they advancing to the bridge called Lac, which was a league forward, here the City of Brussels began to appear in a very fine prospect, for the Country being open, they so freely saw the Towers, that the air now being dusky by the absence of the Sun, and they full of great lights, it seemed a new Sun was risen again in the night, and really the light was so great, which with artificial mixtures, illuminated all the barks of the Channel, that they saw as in the day. All along the said banks stood the Soldiers in arms, who now & anon, with reiterated volleys saluted her Majesty.  
Being come near the City, about three hours in the Night, all the Canon, Mortarpeices and Muskets, saluted her Majesty with a tuneable noise; and when she arrived at the gate, 
Her Majesties, entrance into Brussels  she saw it adorned with a fine artificial firework, representing two Angels, which held the name of Christina, crowned with laurel, with divers inscriptions above and below. On the bridge, where her Majesty was to land, stood the Earl of Fuensaldagna, a Gentleman of most eminent quality, as high Steward to his Catholic Majesty, accompanied by the senators of the City and all the Nobility, and Officers of that Court, with above 200. Coaches, and an incredible multitude of people.  
Her Majesty being entered her Coach, took in the Archduke, 
The rejoicings with which she is publicly received in Brussels.  and she sitting in the end, and his Imperial Highness in the boot, they went towards the Townhouse, which was proudly adorned with various Arms, Mottos, and Inscriptions, in praise of her Majesty, and illuminated with above three thousand lights, and likewise the streets, through which they passed, were all full of lights, and hung with tapestry, with so great a concourse of Ladies, Gentlemen, Citizens, and People, that Brussels never saw such a number drawn by curiousity to see a Princess of so great same; and such virtuous and eminent parts.  
All the City contributed to her happy arrival, with the sensiblest expressions, a real and reverend heart is capable of; with Bonfires, discharging of Canons, Mortarpeices, and ringing of the Bells, which being in that Country well tuned, use to make a grateful harmony.  
Her Majesty lighting at the Palace, the Archduke accompanied her, to the lodgings assigned her, which she found hung with the most excellent, and preciousest Tapestries, that are made in that Country. And because 'twas somewhat late, the Archduke soon dismissed himself, leaving her to her repose; and so they all did.  
The rest of the night, and the two other following, many Bonfires were made, with discharging of the Ordinance, and ringing of the Bells.  
The same Evening the Prince of Conde, Francis Duke of Lorraine, and the greatest of the Court came to wait upon her privately, and because, 'twas Christmas Eve, they suspended other Ceremonies, to give no disturbance to devotion. 
She makes secretly profession of the Catholic faith.  On the said 24. of December towards the Evening, the Queen accompanied by his imperial Highness went into the Archduke's farthest Chamber, and there in the presence of him, of Earl Fuensaldagna, the Ambassador Pimentel, the Earl of Montecuccol●, and Don Agostino Boreno Navarra, the Secretary of State, made secretly profession of the Roman Catholic Faith, before Father Guemes a Dominican.  
This Religious man came from Spain into Flanders, with the Ambassador Pimentel in the quality of his Secretary, and as he before had been privy to the business, so was chosen for this function, to keep it the more secret, since occasion so required. In the foresaid action a thing of some reflection succeeded which was, as the Queen had made an end of professing her Faith, while Father Guemes said the word, I absolve, etc. all the Ordinance of the City were discharged, to the wonder of all that assisted at the Function, without notice given to the Magistrates, who only had order, to have them shot off indeterminately near the time.  
On Christmas day the Queen accompanied by the Archduke, and all the Grandees of the Court went to the Chapel, where there was most rare Music, and an excellent Sermon. Her Majesty passed afterwards into a great hall, where she dined in Public, together with the Archduke, where the order held at Wilbrouch was observed in sitting. The Earl of Castelmendo a Portugese, and Gentleman of the Chamber to his imperial Highness, was Cupbearer to the Queen, and Count Atemis a Dutchman Sewer. The ambassador Pimentel, & the Grandees of Spain assisted standing at the Table, but with their hats on. All the rest, which were many, and the chief of the City, stood uncovered.  

She eats in public.  On St. Stephen's day the Queen likewise dined in public, and afterwards went in Coach to the Court, where the Princesses and Ladies of quality were proudly adorned for the purpose. In her Majesty's return to the Palace, all the Coaches waited on her one by one in a row, and the greatest part alighted to attend her, who received them with courtesy, and singular affability, to answer the esteem very highly deserved by those Ladies, who usually intermeddle with Masculine spirits, in the management of the greatest affairs.  
That evening an extraordinary firework being to play, 
She is alwaeis inclined to Noble and worthy entertainments.  the Queen went to see it, invited thither by the Archduke, Seven weeks together she remained in the Palace, treated with all magnificence by his Highness, nor was there any want of entertainments of various exercises, and virtuous and noble Passetimes; among which, in the last days of Carneval, a Play was recited in Music, which was the noblest thing could be seen.  
On the Tenth of February she went from the Archduke's Palace, to lodge in the Duke of Egmont's, at her Majesties own charge, where she was some time employed in receiving the visits, not only of the Princes, Princesses, Ladies and Gentlemen, but of many learned Persons, which came from all parts, either as lines to the centre, or as rivers to the Sea.  
Here her Majesty twice a week used some virtuous exercises, for the entertainment of her noble and elevated mind, which she did continue till the death of Queen Mary Eleonora her Mother, 
The Queen her Mother dies.  which happened on the twelfth of March 1655. in Stockholm. This so sad news she received by the Baron of Spaur, a Gentleman formerly of her Chamber and Resident in France, dispatched to her by the King of Swedland.  
At this sorrowful advice she quickly retired to a house without Brussels called Tervoren, and remained there three weeks, to divert her afflictions, returning thence afterwards to the City, where all did condole with her Majesty; she likewise put on Mourning in her mind, depriving it of all recreation and Passetime.  
Now Father Malines was returned from Spain to Rome, with the Letters of the Catholic King, to Pope Innocent; to accompany the Queens, but it being thought afterwards, the conjunctures than were not altogether proportionable to the quality, and convenience of so weighty and important a business, they deferred the presenting them; for the reasons we shall register more diffusely in its place in the universal History.  
Things passed in this manner for some months, the Queen entertaining still herself in Flanders; in the mean time Innocent the tenth, having reigned ten years, three months and twenty two days, gave up his soul to God in the age of eighty and one year, on the 7. of January 1655. 
The death of Pope Innocent.  The sacred College after the obsequies, and usual congregations, went into the Conclave on the 18th. of the foresaid Month, and at last came out gloriously on the 7. of the following April, 
Cardinal Chigi is assumed to the Papacy.  with having assumed to the Papaly Cardinal Fabius Chigi of Sienna, who with the name he took, renewed the immortal, and still more happy memory of Pope Alexander the third his Countryman and Kinsman.  
I cannot express the joy, 
With the applause of all Christianity.  and applause; with which by all Christianity his election was received, as made with quietness, liberty, and an exact balance of his merits. The Heretics themselves, who by reason of the length of the Conclave occasioned by the power, ana discord of the factions were not wanting to murmur, when they heard of so worthy an election, commended it with opinions of esteem, respect and reverence, and all was but due to the merit of a Person and name, so plausible and Majestic, who with the fame of great, presaged a Principality full of Zeal and Christian edification, and therefore most suitable to the necessities of Christianity,  
The Queen was glad of this so happy news, justly hoping to find in the new shepherd of Christ's flock, that charity and resolution, her necessities could promise themselves, from a heart removed from all private interest, and wholly intent to the honour alone of God, the exaltatation of his Church, and the happiness, security and repose of all Christendom.  

The Queen gives an account to the Pope of her desire to come to Rome.  The Queen then determining to give an account out of hand to his Holiness, of all that had succeeded, as well of the profession she had made, as the reasons that had moved her to conceal it, of her desire to go to Rome, to give him all obedience, and kiss his Holinesses foot, quickly wrote to the foresaid Father Malines, now remaining in Rome, and sent him the fresh Letters for his Holiness, to the end he should present them, as he did on the first day of July. The Pope at that advice, representing in his countenance, and testifying in his words the joy and content, news so good and so great did deserve; called happy his Papacy for bringing a Queen to his feet, with motives and resolutions so worthy and unparalleled; whereupon he replied, 'twas necessary her Majesty, ere she came into Italy, or at least ere she entered the dominions of the Church, should publicly make Profession of the Catholic Faith, she before had made privately; for if at her entrance into the said dominions it appeared not she was now a Catholic, she could not there be received with those demonstrations of honour, his Holiness had designed her,  
All things were easily reconciled, and in the mean time, fresh Letters came likewise out of Spain from that King to the Pope, 
Letters from the King of Spain to his Holiness.  to whom they were presented by the Duke of Terranova Ambassador for his Catholic Majesty in Rome. The Queen having caused all things to be provided for her journey, with expressions of Kindness and gratitude, gave all thanks to the Archduke and the Minister's of the Catholic King, for her noble entertainment; 
Presents made by her Majesty to the Archduke in Flanders and others.  and here, as in each other place she had done, she made her unexpressible magnificence, and splendour appear by presenting his imperial Highness, with a proud and generous Swedish horse, with a Saddle, Bridle, and Pistols, enriched all with Diamonds, to the value of above thirty thousand Crowns, the Earl of Fuensaldagna with a horse like the other, and Furniture worth above Ten thousand Crowns, and all the other Officers and Servants with Donatives, to the value of above ten thousand Pistols to their admiration: who conceived this Princess as provident, as generous, had cause to reflect on the future necessities, into which she might easily fall, but they were deceived, for the same generosity and freedom, with which she had parted with her Kingdoms, made her more liberal than ever.  
On the 22. of September in the year 1655. she departed from Brussels, 
Her departure from Brussels.  accompanied by the Archduke and all the Nobility, as well the Gentlemen as Ladies, two leagues without the City, and at her going out was saluted by all the Canon on the walls, and the Musketeers placed in order every where as she passed. Her Majesty departed highly satisfied with the honours received from his imperial Highness, a Prince indeed of so Noble a spirit, and so great a mind, that he shows, he conserveses in his heart, the ancient and still stronger impressions of the valour and virtue peculiar to his most royal House, being worthy in fine of the love, veneration applauses, and obsequiousness of all.  
That night she lay in Lorraine, some seven leagues distant, a great City encompassed with strong and ancient walls, filled up with earth and famous for the Military successes, of which it hath been the Theatre in our time. Those Senators had offered and prepared her a lodging, but her Majesty refusing it, was content to be received by the Magistrates at the gate, with the inhabitants in Arms, and the discharging of the Canon, & a Present of 24. great bottles of wine, presented to her in the name of the City, according to the custom in that Country.  

The quality of her Majesty's Train.  The Queen had with her of her own domestics, about fifty Persons, among whom was Monsieur Liliecron, Gentleman of her Chamber, Monsieur Apelgren her Taster, four Grooms of the Chamber, two maids of Honour, the one a Swede, the other a Fleming, Sigre Retius a Spaniard her Treasurer, Monsieur Gillbert a Frenchman, her Secretary, three Italians Musicians, Father Guemes the Dominican, who went in a secular habit, to serve there the better and more easily the Queen, in saying Mass privately, six Pages, six Grooms, and divers other servants, together with thirty soldiers of her Guard, three Coaches, and four Wagons of baggage.  
To these was joined Don Anthony della Cuera di Silva, a Spanish Gentleman of eminent quality, of a very great spirit, and most courteous and affable, Lieutenant General of the Cavalry of Flanders, and Sergeant major General of the battle. He waited on the Queen with the title of her Majesty's great Master of the Horse, accompanied with the Lady his wife, Madam de Broy, of a very Noble family in Flanders, and the chief Maid of Honour to the Queen, a Lady of much virtue, and noble deportment, who carried with them eighteen servants of their own.  
Don Anthony Pimentel followed likewise the Queen, as extraordinary Ambassador of his Catholic Majesty to her, to assist her, and serve her in the journey, with a train of twenty men for the purpose.  
Divers other persons afterwards of quality accompanied her, among whom was Don Francis Dessa of Portugal, a Gentleman nobly born, and of very great valour, in recompense of his merits, designed to the command of General of the Artillery of the Kingdom of Naples, who had ten persons with him. The young Earl of Buquoy formerly Page to the Archduke, 
The persons of quality that accompanied the Queen.  who went to Rome with the Eearl of Trassigny his comrade, both Gentlemen of Flanders. Don Romano Montero a Spanish Sergeant Major, no less famous in war with his sword, than renowned in peace for his pen. Don Bernardino di Liepa of Seville, a youth of much spirit, and great expectation. Messieurs de Gans brothers, and Monsieur Pos Hollanders, Monsieur Levit a Fleming, with many other persons of Honour and Civility, so as the Queen's Court was grown very numerous, being about two hundred persons in all, who were all at the Queen's charge, except the retinue of the Ambassador Pimentel, who traveled by himself, and at his own cost.  
On the 23 of September her Majesty dined at Louvaine, a chief town in Brabant, and one of the greatest in the low Countries, being renowned for the wars past. When the University had waited upon her, she went that evening to Montaga, some five leagues remote, where she visited a miraculous Image of our Lady. The next day she passing through Bering, dined there, and came that night to Becht, a village eight leagues distant. In the morning betimes she dined in Steinbruch a village three leagues farther. The Earl of Isenghien Prince of Mamines, 
Her reception in Ruremond.  a Spanish Gentleman of a very noble family, and Most eminent parts, Governor of Gelder's, and the town of Rurmond overtook the Queen here with a regiment of foot, & a regiment of horse, to invite her to this City, where her Majesty was received by the soldiers in arms, and discharging all the Canon, being royally treated and defrayed by the said Prince. Here she saw a rare firework, and her Majesty dined publicly alone waited on at table by the foresaid Prince and the most conspicuous Officers of war. As soon as her Majesty arrived in Ruremond, the Bishop, the supreme Senate of of that Province, and the chamber of accounts came to wait upon her. All the night they made fireworks in the place, and the Queen went to see them in the house of Counsellor Blitterwich, where her Majesty saw divers curiosities, collected by that virtuous and well qualified Gentleman.  
Ruremond is distant seven leagues from the said village of Steinbruch, seated on the banks of the river Mose, strong in modern bulwarks, large ditches, and exterior fortifications and regular, with a very good Garrison, it standing on the confines of the Holland dominion, very famous in times past, and particularly for the mutiny there of a part of the Spanish Army, in the beginning of those wars.  
The Princess of Mamines went beyond the river Mose, and met her Majesty with a numerous train. Before she departed, she was complemented by the Magistrates, and presented with the usual wine. That evening she went to Arquellens', a little City with an old fashion wall, some six leagues remote, belonging to the said Prince's Government, who waited on her thither, and lo●g'd her. He afterwards dismissing himself on the confines of his jurisdiction, the Queen with all her train, advanced towards the Abbey of Castre, a country of the Duke of Giuliers, where albeit the Abbot, the Lord of the place, was not present. she had the conveniency of lodging in his Palace, six leagues distant from Arquellens', where a Gentleman of the Duke of Newbourg arrived to compliment her Majesty in his name, who received the civility, with her usual kindness and courtesy.  
On the 28 she removed from Castre to Cullen, distant five leagues, 
She passes through Cullen.  a City renowuned, as well for its greatness, as for its great commerce, being one of the chiefest of Germany, seated on the Rhine, and encompassed with a large circuit of walls, and old fashion Towers. Here, although she was expected by the Senate, and the Citizens in arms, and with sumptuous preparation, yet refusing all invitation, except the commodity and pleasure of passage, she made with expedition through the City, she passed the river, and went and dined in the Borough of Hof which is o'er against the City, lodging in an Inn. At her entrance into Cullen, she was welcomed by all the Canon on the walls, and in her said passage, found the streets full of soldiers in arms. The Magistrates sent afterwards to compliment her Majesty, and gave her the accustomed present of 25 greeat bottles of wine, which the Queen caused to be given to the Carmelite discalceat Nuns, together with other alms, the effects of her generous piety.  
After dinner she departed from Hof, and went and lay that night, some four leagues farther, 
The continuation of her journey.  in a very fine Castle called Siebourg, or Zibery, very strong, and well fortified, seated on an arm of the Rhine. The said Castle belongs to an Abbot, who is a Dutch Prince, and came out to meet her, and treated her splendidly, not only that night, but the other two following days, she stayed there for her repose.  
Departing from thence on the first of October, the Abbot accompanied her to the confines with two companies of foot, and as well at her departure, as arrival, all the Canon, in the fortress saluted her. That night, 4 leagues off, she lay in a poor village called Virembous, where all her attendance endured as much as they had been feasted the foregoing days.  
From Virembous she went, and dined in Aldem Kircken, and lay that night in Hackbourgh a town five leagues distant. The next morning her Majesty arriving in Valmerode a village three leagues farther, with intention alone to dine there, was surprised with a little fever, which made her stay there the remainder of that day, and the following night, but having let blood, and taken some rest, she the next day continued her journey, advancing six leagues, and arriving on the fourth in the evening at Lembourgh, a little walled town of the Elector of Triers, in a manner wholly ruined by the former wars, as all the rest were in the country thereabouts, in having been more than any other infested by soldiers, now of this, now that party, or perhaps for its unfortunate situation, or because peradventure that territory is one of the fruitfulest and pleasantest of Germany, the fields, and the hills abounding with fruit, and the plains watered every where with great quantity of brooks.  
She breakfasted in Lambourg, and when she was advanced towards Koningstein, a little City with a very strong Castle, belonging to the Elector of Mentz she arrived there a good while before the setting of the sun, being received with discharging all the Ordinance, and invited by the Governor, who complemented her Majesty in the name of the Elector his Master, but her Majesty refusing his offer, would needs lodge in the Inn, and defray too herself, staying there all the sixth of Oct●ber. The Resident of Charles the second King of Scotland, 
She is visited by the King of Scotland.  came hither from Franckfort to visit her, and desire audience in the behalf of his Master, who arrived there after dinner, and was, though privately, received with all courtesy, they remaining and discoursing together above two hours.  
With the King was the Duke of Gloucester his Brother, a youth full of spirit, together with other Gentlemen who waited on the Queen, and were received by her with great demonstrations of esteem & affection. Her Majesty met the King on the top of the stairs, accompanying him from thence. Being come into the chamber, they sat down, and 'twas observed, the King being covered at first, took off his hat presently after, and always stood bare, showing very much respect, who taking his leave the same day, returned thence to Franckfort.  

And by the Elector Palatine.  After the King Scotland, came Charles the Prince Elector Palatine, who likewise was privately received, but with all terms of love and esteem. His Electoral Highness had intention to receive and treat her Majesty in Heydelberg, the City of his residence, and therefore invited her thither, but she excused it, that way being out of the line of her journey.  
Prince Robert the said Electors brother came afterwards, 
Afterwards by Prince Robert.  who complemented the Queen, and the like did a Gentleman, sent expressly by the Princess Electresse Palatine, sister to the Prince of Taranto, a french woman, of the ancient and noble house of Tremoglia. This great Lady being a little indisposed in Frankfort, whither she came to see the Fair, which is usually four times the year with a very great concourse of Merchants, and merchandise, sent to excuse herself, she could not wait upon her in person, to express the devotions and affections of her heart. The Queen received them all with great kindness, and remanded them well satisfied.  
The day after on the seventh of October she passed through the City of Franckfort, three leagues only distant from Koningstien, and without making any stay there, went and lay three leagues farther, at a little walled Town called Steinhain, where her Majesty was received, and met by the Brother of the Elector of Mentz, dispatched expressly by his Electoral Eminence, with a troup of horse, to the end they might attend her through his jurisdiction. Here likewise Monsieur Wambolt, Colonel of a Regiment to the foresaid Elector, arrived, to invite her Majesty into Asschaffemburg.  
The Queen would perhaps have been willing to have stayed a little while in Franckfort, a free City, great and renowned. seated on the banks of the river Main, and among other things, very full of copious Libraries, and abounding with the curiousest volumes, that have been yet printed, but she thought it better to continue her journey, as she did, to avoid incommoding that Senate, with those entertainments, with which more than others, they would have endeavoured to manifest their gratitude towards the glorious name of King Gustavus Adolphus, her Majesty's Father, who was the particular Protector of that City, and who, entering there with his Army, preserved it from the anger and severity, with which it was threatened by the Imperial troops. She therefore was saluted by all the Artillery, and the people's acclamations, who flocked in extraordinary throngs to behold her, with the greatest curiosity, and veneration.  
From Steinhaim she went to Asschaffemburg, 
She goes from Steinhaim.  a City washed by the said river Main, and belonging to the dominion of the foresaid Elector of Mentz, whose Castle is strong, beautiful, of a modern structure, and one of the magnificentest fabriques' of Europe. This City renowned for the accidents of the former wars, is seven leagues distant from Steinhaim. There she was received with great joy by all the Citizens, who as mindful of the chances, that were passed, gave clear demonstrations of their well affected minds, by discharging all the Canon, the Muskets, and an infinite number of Mortarpieces. She was lodged and defrayed by the Elector, not only that evening of the eighth, but all the ninth day she stayed there, to let her horse's rest.  
Departing from that place on the 10th. of October, she went and lay at Mitelmbourg, a little City with an old fashion wall, which likewise belonged to the Elector of Mentz, where her Majesty had the same entertainments, and the said Electors confines here ending, his Eminences Officers dismissed themselves with the horse, that had accompanied, and served her; on the said tenth day her Majesty advancing five leagues further to a village of Franconia called Kulsai, and thence the next day to Simmering, whither came the Prince Palatine, with his Princess, and two Sisters, to wait on her Majesty, who arrived the same day at Aub, a little City on the frontiers of the Bishopric of Wirtzburgh, called commonly Herbipolis, four leagues farther from Mitelmbourg, where her Majesty was received, and splendidly treated, by order of the said Elector of Mentz, as Bishop of that City. That Country is good and fruitful, but very much spoilt by the former wars, in which Herbipolis hath occasioned much matter for History, for the various successes, that happened near it,  
Her Majesty stayed in Aub all the thirteenth of October, and lay the night following in Rottemburg, distant five leagues, 
She arrives in Rotemburg.  an Imperial Town, encompassed with strong and old walls, and washed by the river Nechar, famous likewise for the wars past. The Magistrates of the place presented the Queen with fish, wine, and oats, presents usually made to all Princes and great persons, by the Imperial Cities of Germany. She was welcomed by the Canon, and received by all the Citizens in arms.  
The Marquis of Anspach of the house of Brandemburg, came thither that day to wait on her Majesty, who having been received with the show of much respect, took his leave the same night, but returned the next morning before the Queen departed, and brought with him the Countess of Olac his Kinswoman, who would needs wait on her Majesty, as one much devoted and obsequious to the Crown of Swedland, the Earl of Olac her husband having the said Crown, as Governor of Auspurge, when that City was taken, and held by the Swedes.  
From Rottembourg she went to the village of Waitvang, three leagues farther, and of the jurisdiction of the Marquis aforesaid, where she was received, and sumptuously treated by a Gentleman sent thither by the Marquis. But this noble entertainment was the next day digested in Donhausen, a poor Manor-house, where there being no other houses fit for lodging, but the Curates, they were much incommoded and distressed.  
On the seventeenth, she went to Nordlinguen an Imperial City, 
She comes to Nordlinguen.  and renowned for the two famous battles fought heretofore in those ample plains, the one glorious to the Spaniards, who with a full and memorable victory, preserved the Empire, and the other unfortunate to Bavaria, since by losing the day, all that flourishing country was made in a manner a prey to the fury of the French, and anger of the Swedes. There she was received with all obsequiousness, and respect, the people arming themselves, and the walls, which are strong and bituminous, and abound with ancient towers. They stood all in ranks in the streets, and every where as well with the noise of of the Artillery, the Mortar-pieces, and Muskets, as the light of the Bonfires, her Majesty's arrival was sollemnized. The Magistrates would have splendidly entertained her, and her train, if she would have accepted their kindness, but she having refused it, as she had done before in the other imperial Cities, through which she had past, the usual presents were made her of fish, wine, and oats.  
The day following having dined in the village of Arbourg, 
To Donavert.  she went five leagues farther that evening, to the City of Donavert, appertaining to the Elector of Bavaria, with a bridge o'er the Danube, renowned in our History for the accidents past. All the Canon were discharged at her arrival.  
The Governor of the Castle went quickly to visit her Majesty, excusing himself, that she found not all things ready for her entertainment, he not knowing of her coming, insomuch as she lay in an Inn. The same evening the Duke of Neuburgs chief Gentleman of the Chamber came thither, and informed the Queen, his Master was coming to visit her, who arriving the next morning was received by her Majesty with all kindness and courtesy.  
She departing after dinner from Donavert, went that night to the village of Visemdorp, distant three leagues, and as, the day following, she was travelling towards Oberhausen, a village on the river Veder, of the jurisdiction of the City Auspurge, 
Earl Montecuccoli returns dispatched again to the Queen from the Emperor.  Earl Raymund Montecuccoli arrived, sent again by the Emperor to her Majesty to accompany, and wait on her to Rome. The Queen received him with extraordinary satisfaction and courtesy, took him into her Coach, and went and lay that night in the foresaid village of Oberhausen, distant only a league from Auspurge, where she stayed all the following day, being the 21 of October, and a person of quality arrived from the Duke of Bavaria, with a letter from his Highness, to compliment, and invite her to Monaco. Here likewise her Majesty was presented by the Magistrates of Auspurge with fish, wine and oats, sent expressly to her by their Deputies, who complemented her Majesty in the name of the public, inviting her to their City with particular ambition, to give her all due honour. Her Majesty dispatched from this place the foresaid Don Romano Montero di Spinosa to Inspruch, 
The Queen's letter to the Archduke of Inspruch.  to compliment his Highness the Archduke Charles Ferdinand, and inform him of her motion towards that place. Don Antony Pimentel sent likewise the Captain Don Emanuel de Benavides, a Gentleman his Comrade, to pass the same office in his name with his Highness, which was punctually performed by them, they bringing back expressions of much content and joy, for her Majesty's approach, so as for the honour of so great a Princess' arrival in his Country, he commanded the preparations should be hastened, begun before on the hopes of that happy success, his Highness having sent for from Venice, and other parts, Musicians and artificers for that purpose.  
The Letter the Queen wrote to the Archduke was as followeth.  
Dear Cousin,  
I approaching to your Highness' Dominion, have thought it becoming me to advise you of my arrival, and entreat you to take in good part, that I pass through your Country to go finish the rest of my journey towards Rome. I send you a Gentleman, the Bearer of this, to tell more particularly my mind to your Highness, and beseech you to believe him, when he shall inform you, that I am more than any other person,  
Dear Cousin, Your most affectionate Cousin and Friend CHRISTINA. Auspurge, Octob. 20. 1655.  
The same day the Queen went privately to see the most remarkable things of that most noble City, 
She goes privately to Auspurge to see the most remarkable things  but it being then late, she deferred it till the following day, and albeit her Majesty was private, she was carried every where by the chief of the Magistrates, and being returned afterwards to the village aforesaid, dined before she departed, passing through Auspurge without staying there, being received by the Citizens in arms, and discharging of the Canon from the walls, which are very strong, and filled up with earth, with great Towers, Curtains, and old fashion Bulwarks.  
Auspurge is one of the fairest, most noble and famous Cities of Germany, seated in a very pleasant plain, abundantly watered with streams which make the ground most fertile. The structures are great and magnificent, the streets large and long, and the traffic very great, 'Tis replenished with Merchants, and opulent Citizens, the Townhouse is one of the beautifullest Fabriques' of Germany, and and the rest are noble and majestic. She advanced thence towards Landsperg, a City six leagues farther, belonging to the Elector of Bavaria, encompassed with strong and old walls, seated on the river Loch, and in my last History much mentioned. On the confines of this territory, and that of Auspurge, 
The Queen is met by the Officers of the Elector of Bavaria.  at a Church called Kircle, two troops of Horse of the Electors stood to meet and accompany her to the City, where her Majesty was received by Baron Hasstang, Marshal of the Court, and a Counsellor, and by Baron Leinlig Gentleman of the Privy Chamber to his Highness, persons of great quality, sent expressly from Monaco to wait upon her Majesty; with these two Lords were nine Gentlemen of his Highness, and the Count of Maischbraun Cupbearer, the Baron of Gersheim Carver, Monsieur Welser Sewer, and Doctor Vidman Steward, with other officers, six Pages, and as many Grooms, all in good order. Her Majesty with all her retinue was treated most nobly, and with extraordinary magnificence and sumptuousness, and in the Electors name, lay in Monsieur Maxdels Palace.  
Here she stayed two days, 
She is treated sumptuously in Landsperg:  expecting Coaches from Monaco fit to pass the straight ways of the mountains of Tyrole, where she could not possibly pass with her own, and they quickly arriving, carried her on the 25 to the village of Welaim distant four leagues, the next day to Morna, which was as far again, and on the 27 to Parkircken, being always attended by the horse aforesaid, and Officers of Bavaria.  
As she went to Landsperg, the Baron of Spaur, Gentleman of the Chamber to the Archduke, arrived with a letter from his Highness in answer of that her Majesty had sent by the foresaid Don Romano Montero, returning with equal courtesy her Majesty's civility.  
On St. Simon and Judes day, being gone a league farther than Parkircken, where Bavaria ends its confines on that side, with the Bishopric of Freissing, the Officers aforesaid and Cavalry took their leaves of her Majesty, who omitted not to show her regal liberality towards them, as she always had abundantly done, in the places she passed through. She went thence that evening to Mittewal, a place at the foot of the mountains, remote five leagues more from Parkircken. The day following she entering the Archduke's dominions, 
She enters Tyrole.  was met and received on the confines at the Castle of Scernitz, by the Baron of Freiberg, Gentleman of the Chamber, and Captain of the Guard, sent thither as Commissary by his Highness, accompanied with the Baron of Ostein Cupbearer, Count Belognim Carver, four Gentlemen, eight Pages, eight Footmen, and forty Archers of the Archduke's Guard. The foresaid Castle of Scernitz is seated on a mountain, at the foot of which runs the river Inn, which falling from the top of the mountain called Odelberg, made navigable below Inspruch, with a swift and copious stream, joins at Passau with the famous river Danube, which on the other side does run between Suevia and Bavaria, and crossing below Austria and Hungary, and afterwards divers Provinces of the Turkish Domions, pays the tribute of his waters to the Sea, near Ardrinopolis.  
That night she lay at Seefelt, a very famous Monastery, and went the next morning to Zi●rle, a little City seated on Inn, two leagues distant from Inspurch. 
The Archduke's of Inspruch go to visit the Queen privately in Seefelt.  Hither the Archduke with his brother came privately to visit her, and after some compliments had passed with reciprocal demonstration of affection and esteem, his Highness returned thence to Inspruch, in the mean time causing all things to be ready, for the solemn reception of her Majesty, which the next day was to be, as it happened.  
The Queen was met by both the Brothers the Archduke's, the Arch-Dutchesse, and all the chief Lords and Gentlemen of the Court, and the Country, and with the following order entered stately into Inspruch.  
Five trumpets went before, and a tabor, 
Her Majesty's entrance into Inspruch.  with eight other trumpets, all clad in rich Cassocks of red velvet trimmed with gold, behind whom went his Highness' Pages, and afterwards all the Ministers, and chiefest Cavaliers of that Court on fine horses most gorgeously apparelled. Afterwards came the Queen in a very stately litter in the middle of the Archduke's, who road the one on her right hand, the other on the left, and the arch-duchess in a chair; on the side of her Majesty went thirty of the Soldiers of his Highness' Guard by themselves, 
The honours done her by their Highnesses the Archduke's.  her Majesty's retinue following after, with her Guard all on horseback, with red Cassokcs trimmed with gold. Behind these were led eighteen horses of value. Five other trumpets with a tabor followed after, at the head of sixty firelocks of the Guard, with gay and well trimmed Cassocks of the Archduke's livery, 9 Coaches with six horses a piece, shutting up the horsemen, full of chief Ladies, and the rest of the Queen's Court.  
At the entrance into the City she was welcomed with the discharging of fifty pieces of Ordinance, many Mortarpieces, and thick Squadrons of Musqueteers, who wi●h many other Soldiers stood in ranks in the streets, the houses being adorned wi●h rich furniture, and the concourse of people very great.  
Her Majesty was lodged in the Archduke's Palace, his Highness accompanying her to the lodgings designed her, where he presently left her to her rest. But the Citizens in the darkness of the night, made every where resplendent with bonfires, the joy and content of their hearts for having with them a Princess of so high a condition.  
The End of the Second Book.   

The History of the sacred, and Royal Majesty of Christina Alessandra, Queen of Swedland, etc. The Third Book.  
The Argument.  
THe Pope receiving advice of the Queen's departure from Brussels towards Italy, declares four Nuntii to receive her on the confines of the Church's Dominions. His Beatitude dispatches to her my Lord Luke Holstenius. She continues her journey through Germany. Holstenius arrives in Inspruch, where her Majesty is royally received. There she makes public profession of the Catholic faith, performed with great solemnity. She departs from Inspruch with great satisfaction. She arrives at Trent, and is magnificently served by the Prince the Bishop. She passes through the State of Venice, and is regally received in the Territory of the Duke of Manrova. She departs thence, and enters the Church's dominions.  

His Holiness resolves to dispatch to Inspruch my Lord Luke Holstenius.  AS soon as the Pope had advice of the Queen's departure from Brussels, his Holiness on the sixth of October, sent for my Lord Luke Holstenius, principal Apostolical Notary, Canon of St. Peter's Church; and Keeper of the Vatican Library, a person very famous for his learning, and erudition, and a Gentleman of the City of Hembourg. To him he imparted the purpose he had of sending him to be assistant at the profession of Faith, his Holiness understood should be made by the Queen, ere she came into Italy, or at least into the Church's Dominions. He therefore gave him order to prepare with all diligence for his journey, and when his Beatitude had declared four extraordinary Nuntii, to receive her on the confines of the Ecclesiastical State, to wit, 
He elects four Nuntii to receive the Queen on the Confines of the State Ecclesiastical.  my Lord Hannibal Bentivogli Archbishop of Thebes, my Lord Torreggiani Archbishop of Ravenna, my Lord Carraccioli Dean of the Clerk of the Chamber, and my Lord Cesarini Clark of the Chamber, persons of great virtue and nobility, he consigned them their instructions, and two briefs, each of which was to them of the following tenor.  
To the Reverend brethren Hannibal of Thebes, and Luke of Ravenna, Arch-Bishops, as also to our beloved Sons Mr. Innico Carraccioli, and Philip Cesarini, Clerks of our Apostolical Chamber. Alexander the VIIth. Pope.  
REverend Brethren, and beloved Sons, Greeting and Apostolical benediction:  
Your approved wisdom in acting affairs, and singular faithfulness and devotion to us, and the Apostolical Sea, with other deserving virtues, accompanied with the nobleness of your Families, with which we know you manifoldly adorned by the Lord, are the cause, we use gladly your help in a business of great weight, firmly hoping in the Lord, that in the execution thereof, you abundantly will satisfy our expectation: Wherefore through our Apostolical authority, by virtue of these presents, we create, constitute, and depute you extraordinary Nuntii of us, and the Sea Apostolical aforesaid, to receive in the name both of us and the same Apostolical Sea, our most dear Daughter in Christ Christina the Illustrious Queen of Swedland, in her journey to this our renowned City, any thing to the contrary in any wise notwithstanding.  
Dated at Rome at St. Mary's the greater, under the ring of the fisher, on the XXIXth. day of October 1655. In the first year of our Papacy. G. Gualterius.  
On the 10th of October. 
Briefs consigned to my Lord Holstenius  in the evening, the Breifs with the letters and instructions were consignded to my Lord Luke Holstenius by my Lord Julius Rospigliosi, Archbishop of Tarsus, Secretary of state to his Holiness. One of the Breifs was for the Queen's Majesty, which by us shall be registered in its place, the other for their Highnesses the Archduke Charles Ferdinand, the Arch-Duchess, Charles the second Duke of Mantova, the Prince the Bishop of Trent, and the Bishop of B●essanon.  
On the 10th then of October the foresaid Holstenius departed from Rome with all secrecy, 
Father Malines the Jusuit goes with the said Holstenius to Inspruch  accompanied by order of the Pope, with Father M●lines the Jusuit, a man of great ability, and withal well informed of the Genius, as well of the Queen, as her Court, he having been in Swedland, as aforesaid, for a while, with particular satisfaction to her Majesty.  
He arriving in Bologna on the 19th of October, had advice that the Queen was at Franckfort on the 6th, so as fearing she might get to Inspruch before him, he resolved to send before him by post, as he did, the said Father Malines, to the end at all adventures, he might beseech the Queen, to be pleased to stay in Inspruch till he came.  

The Brief to his Eminence Lomellino Cardinal Legate of Bologna.  Conferring in Bologna with Cardinal Lomellino the Legate, he consigned to him the Pope's Brief of the following tenor.  
To our beloved Son Cardinal Lomellino of the holy Church of Rome, Legate of Bologna.  
OUr beloved Son greeting, and Apostolical benediction,  
Our beloved Son Luke Holstenius of our household, principal Apostolical Notary, Canon of the Church of St. Peter, and Keeper of our Vatican Library, is going into Germany, to act by our command, affairs of high concern appertaining to this holy Sea; whom, as famous for his piety, as his various, and solid learning, and esteemed by us for his faithfulness, if you shall with all courtesy receive, you will do a thing worthy of our love towards you, and becoming your own inclination to such men. And we impart to you our Apostolical benediction.  
Given at Rome at Saint mary's the greater, under the ring of the fisher on the 10th. of October, 1655. in the first year of our Papacy. Natalis Rondininus.  
He went afterwards to Mantova on the 21th. 
My Lord Holstenius arrives at Mantova.  but found not there his Highness, who was gone to Casal, The same evening he visited her Highness the Duchess Mary in the Monastery of S. Ursula, but told her not the business, that carried him into Germany, for her Highness having many Nuns about her, and being thick of hearing, he could not tell her of it without speaking loud, and discovering it to many other persons there present. Here the Marquis Octavius Gonzaga gave him a particular relation, of what had passed in Franckfort about the Queen's journey, and her train, and he quickly sent the news of it to Rome, and to the Cardinal Legates. He going thence to Trent, arrived on the 24th. and waited on the Prince, the Bishop, presenting to him the Apostolical Brief, the contents of which were.  
To our Reverend Brother the Bishop of Trent, Alexander the VIIth. Pope.  
REverend Brother greeting and Apostolical benediction.  

The Pope's Brief to the Prince of Trent.  There are many rare things in our beloved Son Luke Holstenius, of our household, principal Apostolical Notary, Canon of the Church of Saint Peter, and Keeper of our Vatican Library, to wet, excellent virtue, singular learning, and accomplished behaviour; for which, though of your own accord, you will show him all civility, and respect; yet this is to be added, that we send him into Germany, to negotiate high affairs, and of greatest concern, in which regard, whatsoever shall be done by you for him, by you will be conferred on this holy Sea, and on the whole Church, whose cause he now acts. 'Tis only your part, to acquit yourself so, in receiving him, that neither your piety, nor civility towards so excellent a man, be required of us. You shall know more by him of our affection to you, who will too in our name impart unto you our Apostolical benediction.  
Given at Rome the 10th of October, 1655. in the first year of our Papacy. Natalis Rondininus.  
He afterwards arriving on the 28th. in Inspruch, did treat the next morning with Court Piccolomini, principal Gentleman in his Highness' Court, and father Christopher Mendler a Jusuit his Confessor, to have audience of the Archduke, which he had the same evening, to whom he presented the Pope's Brief of the following tenor.  
To our beloved Son the noble Charles Ferdinand Archduke of Austria, Alexander VII. Pope.  
BEloved Son, and noble Prince, Greeting and Apostolical benediction.  

The Brief to the Archduke Charles Ferdinand  The pastor all care, the burden imposed on us lately requires, hath forced us to send into Germany, for the compassing of a difficult, and most weighty affair, our beloved Son Luke Holstenius of our household, principal Apostonicall Notary, Canon of the Church of Saint Peter, and Keeper of our Vatican Library, a man, in whom, besides his great learning, which hath very well deserved of the dignity of the Roman Church, this age admires a singular faith, and honesty, together with a like conduct, in the management of business. It would in a manner be an injury to your nobleness, if we should use many words, to desire you, to receive him with courtesy and kindness, while he greets you in our name, since you daily teach posterity, in the Patrimony of your Ancestors glory; you have nothing dearer to you, than the praise of defending, whom both their own virtue and pontifical affection, the honourablest testimony of virtue, doth commend. But how we are affected to your nobleness, and how earnestly desire the prosperity of your affairs, you will clearly know of him. And we send you very lovingly our Apostolical benediction.  
Given at Rome at Saint mary's the greater, under the Ring of the fisher, on the 10th day of October 1655. and in the first year of our Papacy. Natalis Rondininus.  
That Prince received the Brief with great humility, 
My Lord Holstenius is received by the Archduke with much Courtesy.  and treated my Lord Holstenius very courteously, hearing him with much attention. When he heard of the motive of his coming, and the function, he was to perform in that place, for the solemn profession of the Queen, he remained full of wonder, and unspeakable joy, that the City of his residence, by order of the Pope should be honoured with so glorious and conspicuous an action. Holstenius then enlarged himself in assuring his Highness of his Holinesses fatherly affection, and the confidence he had in his generous piety, telling him 'twas needless, he should acquaint him with his Holinesses desire and satisfaction, in order to the honouring of that action, with some public demonstration of joy, while he at his arrival, found so splendid a preparation, for the entrance, and reception of her Majesty.  

The honours done to my Lord Holstenius  Holstenius was carried from the Inn, where he lighted, & conducted to a lodging appointed for him within another house, being attended by the Baron of Waitmanstorf, one of the four Chaplains of his Highness, and Commissary General of the Mines in Tysole, who with other attendance, had the care to provide him two Grooms, and a Coach of the Court, he treating him very splendidly, and failing in nothing that became a punctual Minister. 
Father Malines is sent to discover the will of the Queen.  The day after Halstenius thought it good to send Father Malines to meet the Queen, to discover her sense about the manner, and form of the Profession of the Catholic religion, which she was to make publicly, since neither she, nor any one else till that time, knew such was the pleasure of the Pope.  
The Father departed, saw the Queen, and Don Anthony Pimentel, and brought word she was absolutely disposed to perform very punctually his Holinesses Orders.  
On the 31 of October in the morning, Holstenius received express order from Rome, by a Courier sent to him, to procure, that her Majesty should retard▪ as much as she could, her journey, to give time for providing all things fit for her reception, the Pope's great and generous mind desiring it should be in the most Majestic form, and most honourable, that could be desired, and that above all, the four Nuntii elected to receive her, and serve her in the Church's dominions, should prepare for their journey, & be ready on the confines with that train, and decorum, which the quality of their charge, and condition required.  
After dinner my Lord Holstenius had audience of the Arch-Dutches Anne of Medici's, and the Archduke Sigismond Francis, to whom he presented the Pontifical Briefs of the following tenor.  
To our beloved Daughter in Christ, the noble Arch-Dutchesse of Austria, Alexander VII. Pope.  
BEloved Daughter in Christ, and noble Princess, Greeting and Apostolical benediction;  

The Pope's Brief to the Arch-Dutchness of Inspruch  with other commands given to our beloved Son Luke Holstenius of our household, principal Apostolical Notary, Canon of the Church of St. Peter, and Keeper of our Vatican Library, by the occasion of great affairs to be managed by him in Germany; 'tis given him in charge in a principal manner to visit your nobleness in our name, and clearly inform you of our affection to you. That this our advertisement is valued by you; we both constantly believe and your nobleness will abundantly make good, if you graciously entertain the Bearer hereof, and with your authority, and favours, where need shall require, defend and assist him; he being a person of singular faith and honesty, and polished exactly with all good arts. Which that you will do, we again and again request of your nobleness, to whom we very lovingly impart our Apostolical benediction.  
Given at Rome, at St. Mary's the greater, under the seal of the fisher, on the 10th of October, 1655, and in the first year of our Papacy.  
And he was received by them, with all the most affectionate expressions of a reverend obsequiousness to the holy Sea, & particular respect.  
On the 30 th'. in the evening, my Lord Holstenius having preunderstood, that the Baron Ghirargi, chief Counsellor and minister to his Highness, had thoughts of conferring with her, 
My Lord Holstenius visits the Baron Ghirardi.  deemed it good to prevent him, by going to visit him in his lodgings at the Palace, who received him with civility peculiar to the nobleness of his birth, assuring him of his Highness' great joy, and content for his arrival. He afterwards heard most gladly, and with due attention, the perfect relation Holstenius gave him, in order to the conduct of this most weighty business, of which till that time, he had had no notice, telling him in reality, that all things were prepared in that state, for the honour alone of her Majesty's passage, 
The expressions of the said Baron.  and therefore it displeased much his Highness, than he had not had some knowledge of the business of her Profession, since the subject of the Comedies & entertainments, should not have been profane, but sacred, and agreeable to the quality of the function.  
On the first of November divine Office was celebrated in the Archduke's church by a mitered Abbot, where their Highnesses were present, together with all the Court, and excellent music was sweetly accompanied with so tuneable a consort and harmony of trumpets, tabours and drums, that as a new thing, and unheard of before, it pleased their curiosity extremely, The Queen was to hear it at an open & public window, and was very well satisfied and delighted.  
After dinner Holstenius went to visit Don Antony Pimentel Ambassador of Spain and discoursed long with him on the points of his Commission. 
My Lord Holsténius visits the Ambassador Pimentel.  The Ambassador replied with the Courtesy and prudence of a very able minister, and Complete Cavalier, that there would be no difficulty, in order to the public profession, which troubled him most, nor concerning the rest. Holstenius showed him a Copy of the said profession which was printed on purpose in Inspruch with great characters, that the Queen might have no trouble to read it, as also he communicated to him the form of the absolution, which was printed, and the necessary interlocutions for this act. 
He imparts to him his Holinesses intention.  The Ambassador read all the writings, and carried them speedily to the Queen, to consult them with her Majesty. 
And he to the Queen who submits to the Pope's pleasure.  He returned soon after, & told him, the Queen found not any opposition in them, but was rather ready, to perform whatsoever should be pleasing to his Holiness, as likewise she acknowleded it for a singular favour, that his Highness had sent him for this function, whom she wished to see and hear, offering him audience at that very instant.  
My Lord Holstenius was clothed then in black, & down to his heels, to distinguish this visit from that to the Archduke's, which he made to them clothed in purple, so as he desired the conveniency of a quarter of an hour, to go back to his lodging, and change, as he did, his clothes: So quickly returning, 
My Lord Holstenius hath audience of her Majesty.  he was soon introduced to her Majesty, who at the second reverence, Holstenius made to her in the middle of the room, between the door, and a little table, on which the Queen stood leaning, her Majesty went towards him some two or three paces, receiving him with a smile, and a cheerful and pleasing countenance.  
My Lord Holstenius spoke to her in order to his instructions, and when she had replied to the congratulation, and expression of his Holinesses fatherly affection, she said, about the principal business of her profession, the Ambassador without doubt had assured him before of her readiness to do all things, which by order of his Holiness, were commanded him, and seeming impatient to perform them out of hand, she resolved of herself, the said function should be on the following Wednesday the third of November.  
When her Majesty had answered to the heads proposed to her by Holstenius, 
Her Majesty discourse with my Lord Holstenius.  he confirmed the pleasure she took, in seeing he was sent unto her for this purpose by his Holiness. She discoursed with him with much affability, showing she was particularly informed of his qualities, his eminent learning, and singular erudition in the Sciences. She spoke with much praise, and great esteem of his virtuous labours, as well sacred as profane. She curiously inquired of the rare books that are kept in the Vatican, of the learned men in Rome, and particularly of the Cardinals and Prelates, showing, she was very well informed, as well in the general, as particularly of the Court of Rome, and going on in telling him, she thought it her good fortune, to be able to make use of a person of his quality at Rome, for the seeing of the Libraries, Antiquities, and other curious things.  
Holstenius presented her his Holinesses Brief of the following tenor.  
To our most dear Daughter in Christ, Christina the illustrious Queen of Swedland, Alexander VII Pope.  
Our most dear Daughter in Christ, Greeting and Apostolical benedection.  

His Holineses Brief to the Queen  As soon as we heard your Majesty embracing in Brussels, though not openly, the integrity of the Roman, to wit, the Catholic faith, had risen out of the filth of old errors, and that the holy Ghost had created new wisdom in you; what joy over flowed our soul, no force, or strength of words can express. This our greatnest gladness, to which hardly any thing could be added in appearance, was in a high manner increased by your journey, begun towards this place, to the end you might reverence the Trophies of the Apostles the faith, which was commended by the Apostles own mouth, and us, whom though unworthy, Christ would have, in Peter's stead, and his own, to bear rule o'er his Church upon Earth. In doing of which, you not only will equal the never dying praises of the famousest Princes, who thought it a glory to them, to depose their triumphal Ornaments and Laurels, at the feet of the Fisher, and the Bishops of Rome; but likewise from the City itself, the Mistress of rightly believing, and teaching, draw the precepts of true and heavenly learning. Yet because, not without some hurt unto them, who assume to themselves a vain opinion of knowledge, and only are wise among themselves, so much light lies yet hidden under the bushel, at aught at length to shine out to all from an eminent place, that they by these examples and foot steps may likewise come in. We send to your Majesty, our beloved son Luke Holstenius of our Household, principal Apostolical Notary, Canon of the Church of St. Peter, and Keeper of our Vatican Library, a man for his knowledge in all learning and singular piety, very dear unto us, who may be assistant to you in your public profession of the Catholic faith, according to the ancient and accustomed manner of the Roman Church, and by whom our great love to you, and the joy we have received, may more fully be declared. But we firmly hope in him, who hath wrought in you so mercifully salvation, your Majesty will be wanting in nothing that may show you not unworthy of this most ample benefit, and that by your ready obsequiousness, and hearty obedience, you will testify to all, you have earnestly sought, and most ardently received the Catholic faith. By the sad Luke, our fatherly and most loving benediction, & more to this purpose, your Majesty will receive, for whom we most earnestly beg all happiness of God, and that he would strengthen the power, his right hand hath wrought marvellously in you.  
Given at Rome at St. Mary's the greater, under the ring of the Fisher, on the 10th day of October 1655. in the First year of our Papacy. Natalis Rondinnius.  
And the Queen very reverently received it, and read it all presently. She with a modest blush showed the evident signs of the joy in her heart, for the fatherly and loving expressions of his Holiness, her Majesty apprehending the forcible sense of the Vicar of Christ, to whom she had given long since, the liberty of her thoughts and affections, and concluded, she would by her letters, as soon as the could, thank his Holiness for it.  
Her Majesty supped privately on the first of November, but was waited on by some Ladies, who desired that honour for their own satisfaction. Among whom was the Princess Mary Cla●d●a Hundbissin of Schaumbourg, who presented the water for her hands, and the Countess Piccolomini, the little Arch-dutchesses', Lady of Honour, the Napkin. Princess Catherine Countess of Spaur, was the Cupbearer and Sewer. There were too besides Princess Mary Fuggerin Countess of Weisenhorth, the Princess of Trocbenpach, the Princess Mary Brigit Countess of Artzh, the Princess Malaspina, and the Princess Anne Teresa of Stoplar.  
Her Majesty was publicly feasted on Tuesday by their Highnesses the Arch Dukes, with regal magnificence, and sumptuousness. The Queen sat alone at the upper end of the Table under a cloth of Stare, with a very great carpet on the ground. The Archduke's were on her right side, a little way off from her Majesty, but under the same Canopy, 
The Queen dines publicly with their Highness' the Arch-duke's  the arch-duchess alone on her left side o'er against the Archduke, and Pimentel the Spanish Ambassador below the Archduke's. The Marquis Lonati, and the Lord George Olstein gave the water for her Majesty's hands, and the Archduke himself presented her the Napkin, taking it from the Lord W●itkunight chief Gentleman of his chamber. Baron Sig●smond of Welsberg, Gentleman of the Chamber to his Highness, was her Cupbearer, and the Baron of Stakel-bourg, likewise Gentleman of his chamber, was Sewer.  
Her Majesty accompanied by their Highnesses, 
Her Majesty visits the Palace of Amber.  together with all the Court, w●nt after dinner to a Palace called D' Amber without Inspruch, where she saw with much delight, a great quantity of ancient medals of gold and silver, together with other metals, collected long since by Archduke Ferdinand, as likewise many very ancient manuscripts, and other fine curiosities conserved in that place.  
In the mean time my Lord Holstenius attended to the ordering of the necessary things, for the function of the following day, He instructed the Notary, the Master of the ceremonies, the Priests, and other Clerks, which were to be assistant, as well at the act of Profession, as at the solemn Mass, Holstenius was to sing, to the end that each doing his part, the function might go on with order, quietness, and decorum, as it happily succeeded.  

She goes into the Church publicly.  The Queen desired, this action might be as public as could be, and conspicuous to the World, and therefore instead of going into the Church, by the gallery within, she resolved to go thither through the public street, which goes between the one and the other, to which purpose in the morning, the said street was covered over with boards, as well for honour as conveniency.  
The Queen clothed in a gown of black silk, very plain, and without any ornament but a cross of five fair and rich diamonds at her breast, lead by the Archduke, was met at the gate of the Church with a solemn Procession of all the Priests, and Clerks of the Court, and by the two Benedictin Abbots of that Province, the one of Tegernsee, and the other of Marieberg, both with the Mitre, Rochet, and Crosier staff. The one gave her holy water, and the other presented her to kiss a very fine Cross of Crystal of the Mountain.  
My Lord Holstenius followed after the Abbots, who after a low congee to her Majesty, and their Highnesses the Archduke's, caused one of the Abbots to begin, Come O Holy Ghost, etc. which was sung with most excellent Music. 
The Order of the Church for performing the function of the Catholic profession.  The Queen following the Procession went into the Choir of the Church, where a chair was prepared with a kneeling place before it, covered with cloth of gold. A cushion of the same cloth of gold was laid too upon the last step of the Altar below, and a chair of velvet for Holstenius, o'er against the place of the Epistle.  
Here than Holstenius stood up before the chair, expecting when the Queen, the Arch-duke's, and all the Cavaliers would sit down in their places. Then he, beheld by all with silence and attention, began with a loud voice to declare his Commission by the Pope's express Brief of the following tenor.  
To our beloved son Luke Holstenius, Priest of Hambu●g, Canon of St. Peter's in Rome, one of our family and continual attendance at our table. Alexander the VIIth Pope,  
BEloved son, Greeting and Apostolical Benediction,  

The contents of the Pope's Brief to my Lord Holstenius  whereas we have received, not without the spiritual joy of our mind, that Christina the noble Queen of Swedland, born of heretical parents, and bred up, and instructed in heresies, illuminated by heavenly light, and knowing the way of truth, desires to renounce the same heresies, and return, by the blessing of God, into the bosom of the holy Roman Church, we, who by our Pastoral function, are chiefly obliged to attend unto this, that if any Sheep wander from the path of the truth, they may be brought back into the way of salvation, being very much confident in our Lord, of your singular piety, prudence, zeal of the Catholic religion, and the honour of God's house, of our own free motion, sure knowledge, mature deliberation, and out of the fullness of our Apostolical power, by virtue of these presents, do grant and impart to you, the free and full power of absolving by our authority in both Courts, the said Queen Christina from these heresies, all excommunication, suspension, interdict, and other ecclesiastical sentences, censures, and punishments howsoever incurred by her for the same, whether any juridical, or extra-juridical abjuration, or any at all pre●●d●, but in place of abjuration, her Profession of the Catholic Faith, according to the Articles long propounded by the Apostolical Sea, some healthful penance being enjoined her, and other things you shall know to be expedient for the good of her soul, and we grant and impart the same power of reconciling and receiving the said Queen into the bosom of the holy Roman Church, some public Notary being used about the Acts aforesaid, we willing, to your sole attestation, without any any witnesses, your subscription only added, full and absolute belief should be given. Notwithstanding the Apostolical, universal, or special constitutions, published in general, provincial, or other Councils, the decrees, use, and stile of the Office of the holy and general inquisition and all other things to the contrary.  
Given at Rome at St. Mary's the greater, under the Ring of the Fisher on the tenth of October, 1655. in the fi●st year of our Pa●pacie. G. Gualterius.  
After this he gave the Original Brief to the Master of the ceremonies of his Highness, 
The Act of the Catholic Profession made by the Queen.  who was Signior Carlo Pompeati Canon of the Cathedral Church of Trent, a person famous for his birth and education, who read it with a loud and clear voice, and then gave it into the hand of the Notary there present. My Lord Ho●sterius added some latin words, which began, Though this thing in open view, etc. He sat down and was covered according to instruction. And here then the cushion being brought before him, which as we said before, was laid on the last step of the Altar, the Queen conducted thither by the Archduke's, quickly and freely kneeled down upon it. Holstenius presented her the printed form of the Profession, saying to her the following words.  
This is the solemn and usual form of Professing the Catholic faith, the holy Church of Rome useth, and her Majesty is to read before me and the witnesses here present, with a clear and distinct voice, and afterwards with her own hand subscribe. And both the Archduke's standing about the Queen, together with Don Antonio Pimentel, as witnesses desired; her Majesty with a clear, distinct, and loud voice, read the following Profession.  

I Christina believe with a firm faith, and profess all and every thing contained in the Creed of Faith, the holy Roman Church useth, namely, I believe in one God, the Father Almighty, Maker of Heaven and Earth, of all things visible, and invisible; and in one Lord Jesus Christ, the only begotten Son of God, and borne of his Father before all times: God of God, Light of Light, true God of true God: begotten, not made, consubstantial to the Father, by whom all things are made, who for us men, and our salvation descended from the Heavens, and was incarnate by the Holy Ghost, of the Virgin Mary, and made man: crucified also for us, and suffered under Pontius Pilate, and was buried. And arose the third day according to the Scriptures, and ascended into Heaven, sits at the right hand of his father, and is to come again with glory, to judge the quick and the dead, of whose Kingdom there shall be no end. And I believe in the Holy Ghost, the Lord and giver of life, who proceeds from the Father and the Son, who together with the Father and the Son, is adored and glorified, who spoke by the Prophets: and in one holy Catholic and Apostolical Church. I confess one Baptism in the remission of sins, and expect the resurrection of the dead, and the life to come, Amen. I firmly admit, and embrace the Apostolical and Ecclesiastical Traditions, and the other observances and constitutions of the same Church. I likewise admit the sacred Scripture according to the sense our holy Mother the Church hath held, and holds, to whom it belongs to judge of the sense, and interpretation of the holy Scriptures: neither will I ever receive and interpret it, but according to the unanimous consent of the Fathers. I likewise profess seven true and proper Sacraments of the new Law, instituted by Christ Jesus our Lord, and to the salvation of mankind, though all to every one are not necessary, namely Baptism, Confirmation, Eucharist, Penance, extreme Unction, Order, and Matrimony, and these to confer grace; and of these, Baptism, Confirmation, and Order cannot be reiterated without Sacrilege.  
I receive and admit the received and approved rites of the Catholic Church in the solemn administration of these Sacraments. I embrace and receive all and every thing, which have been designed and declared in the holy Council of Trent, concerning Original sin and justification. I also profess that in the Mass, there is offered up to God, a true, proper, and propitiatory sacrifice for the living and the dead, and that in the most holy Sacrament of the Eucharist, there are truly, really, and substantially, the body and blood, with the soul and divinity of our Lord Jesus Christ, and a conversion made of the whole substance of the bread into the body, and of the whole substance of the wine into the blood of Christ, which conversion the Catholic Church calls Transubstantiation. I likewise confess that under each kind, Christ is whole and entire, and a true Sacrament to be received. I constantly hold there is Purgatory, and the souls there detained, are helped by the suffrages of the faithful. And that in like manner the Saints reigning together with Christ, are to be honoured, and invocated, and that they offer up to God prayers for us, and their relics to be held in veneration. I firmly assert, the images of Christ, and of the blessed Virgin, as also of other Saints, are to be had and retained, and due honour and reverence to be given to them. I likewise affirm the power of indulgences is left by Christ in his Church, and their use very healthful to Christian people. I acknowledge the holy Catholic, and Apostolical Roman Church to be the Mother and Mistress of all Churches; And I promise and swear true obedience to the Bishop of Rome, the successor of Saint Peter the chief of the Apostles, and Vicar of Jesus Christ. And all other things delivered, defined and declared by the sacred Canons, general Councils, and especially by the holy Council of Trent, I undoubtedly receive and profess, and the contrary, and all heresies whatsoever condemned, rejected, and anathematised by the Church, I also condemn, reject, and anathematise: This true Catholic faith, without which none can be saved, which I here profess willingly, and do truly hold the same entire and inviolable, I will by God's assistance most constantly retain and confess, and as much as in me lies endeavour that the same may be held, taught and preached by my subjects and those under my command. I the said Christina do promise, vow, and swear, so help me God, and these holy Evangelists,  
CHRISTINA.   

The Queen's great generosity.  Her Majesty read the said Profession with such forcible expression, that all remained no less astonished, than touched with compunction, at such an heroic resolution, and here 'twas observed, that at every new period, or parcel of the Scripture aforesaid, her Majesty lifting up her head, and fixing her eyes in the countenance of Holstenius, with the freedom of her sight, showed, what resolution, and affection her heart laboured with, so as this generous action so softened the minds of the assistants, that from the eyes of many, the tears out of tenderness, trickeled down in abundance. The said Holstenius was not able to suppress them, without difficulty and violence, while he thought with what melting affection, the mind of his Beatitude would have been moved, if he had seen that action, the noblest, and most memorable of all, to be seen in the world.  
Her profession being ended, and the oath, contained in it, taken, Holstenius stood up, and recited the following Verses and Prayers.  O Lord God of virtues, convert us; and show thy face, and we shall be safe. Arise O Christ, and help us, and deliver us for thy name sake. Let thy mercy, O Lord, be upon us, as we have hoped in thee. O Lord hear my Prayer, and let my cry come unto thee. Our Lord be with you. And with thy spirit. Let us Pray. O God, who showest the light of thy truth to the erring, to the end they may return into the way of justice, grant to all of the Christian profession, to reject those things that are contrary to this name, and correctest those, and dispersed, gatherest them together, and gathered together preservest them: We beseech thee mercifully to pour on Christian people the grace of thy union, that all division rejected, uniting themselves to the true pastor of thy Church, they may be able worthily to serve thee. OMnipotent eternal God, receive this thy sheep with thy fatherly piety, withdrawn by thy power from the jaws of the wolf, and renew her to thy flock by thy merciful benignity, that the enemy rejoice not at the damage of thy family, but that in her conversion, and delivery, thy Church, as a pious mother, may congratulate a daughter that is found. O●od ●od, who man wonderfully created according to thy image, dost mercifully repair, propitiously behold this thy servant, and what is stolen from her by the hostile blindness of ignorance, and deceit of the Devil, pardon and absolve through the clemency of thy piety, that received by the communion of thy truth, she may be united to thy holy Church, through our Lord Jesus Christ thy son, who liveth and reigneth God with thee, in the Unity of the holy Ghost world without end, Amen. 
He afterwards sat down, 
The absolution given to the Queen by my Lord Holstenius  and was covered, giving her absolution in the following form.  God forgive thee, and absolve thee from all thy sins, and bring thee to life everlasting. And I by Apostolical authority, wherewith I am impowered to this purpose, by the special Commission of our holy Lord the Pope Alexander the Seventh, absolve thee from all tie of excommunication, and interdict, and other ecclesiastical sentences, censures, and punishments howsoever incurred, and receive thee into the bosom of our holy mother the Roman Church, and restore thee to the holy Sacraments of the same, and to the Communion and unity of the faithful, in the name of the Father, and the Son, and the holy Ghost, Amen. 
After this he arose up again, and gave her the benediction in the following words. Confirm, O God, that thou hast wrought in us. From thy holy Temple which is in Jerusalem. Behold thus shall the man be blessed, that fears the Lord. Our Lord bless thee from Zion. Who hath made Heaven and Earth. The blessing of God Almighty, the Father, and Son, and holy Ghost descend upon thee, and remain always with thee Amen.  
Then the Queen stood up and was by their Highnesses conducted to her first place, whither Holstenius repairing, in a very low posture congratulated her Majesty, and incontinently caused the Psalm to be sung. Make ye jubilation to God all the earth. etc. with music of exquisite voices, of Organs, Trumpets, Tabours, and Drums. And while the said Prelate going into the sacristy prepared himself to sing the solemn Mass, father Staudacter a Jesuit, Preacher to the Archduke, made a Sermon in Dutch, so elegant, learned, and so fit for that action, that it ravished the affections, and applauses of all.  
After Mass, 
The joy for this profession.  which was celebrated with the greatest solemnity, Holstenius stayed on the last step of the Altar, and began the Te Deum, which was sung with the same harmony, accompanied by the roaring of above 50. Pieces of artillery, many Mortarpeices, and an infinite number of muskets, as likewise with the ringing of the bells. The Mass was said after the Roman fashion, as they do in Saint Peter, and all were well satisfied with it. The day after my Lord Holstenius sent to Rome an account of all that had succeeded.  
The Queen wrote to the Pope, and consigned the letter to Holstenius, in which giving his Holiness information of that she had done, she declared herself his most obedient daughter, with expressions of much duty, and very great respect.  
These letters, with others written by the said Holstenius to the Legates and Nuntii, with the advice of all, and with the Calculation, that the Queen would arrive in Ferrara on the 22. of November, on the fifth of the said month, were sent by an extraordinary Courier, who coming out of Poland, passed in haste towards Rome.  
In the discourses Holstenius had with the Queen, in order to her reconciliation to the Catholic Church, he giving a hint, that after the profession of faith, she should receive the Sacrament of Confirmation, and then the most holy Eucharist, her Majesty said, her desire was to communicate the first time in public, by the hands of his Holiness himself, and ask him divers particulars about confirmation, said she heard, in that function she might change her name, or add another to it, and therefore would gladly to the name of Chr●st●na add that of Alessandra in honour of his Holiness. Holstenius replied the Pope himself at her coming to Rome, would much better counsel her than any one else.  
The Evening of the day, in which the Queen made her profession, was solemnised with divers Bonfires of joy, the ringing of the bells, and roaring of the Canon, and with a most noble, and most excellent play represented in music, with very sumptuous machines, and scenes, which succeeded extremely delightful.  
The subsequent night they likewise represented in music, 
The Recreations and plays recited before her Majesty.  a play called Argia, a musical tragicomedy with admirable prospects of scenes, and of greatest curiosity. The clothes of the Actors were most noble, and most splendid, and the music very exquisite, his Highness having neither spared pains, nor charges, to get the best musicians of Italy. It lasted six whole hours, and her Majesty with the rest of the assistants, beheld it with great pleasure, and attention.  
The other three days her Majesty stayed in Inspruch, she was always entertained with virtuous recreations, and both the said Plays were reacted, since, the taste being never o'ercharged, while the appetite lasts, they saw the Queen and the rest, not yet cloyed with that pleasure.  
The day before their departure, appointed on the 8th. of December, my Lord Holstenius visited Count Raymond Montecuccoli, dispatched from the Emperor, not only to assist at the possession, but to wait on her Majesty to Rome, and he was by this courteous Cavalier, received with geat demonstrations of esteem.  
On the 8th. of December in the morning, the Archduke's, and Don Antonio Pimentel the Spanish Ambassador, together with Holstenius, subscribed 4 Copies of the original of the foresaid Profession, confirmed before by her Majesties own hand, to the end that one of them should remain with the Queen, one in Inspruch in the place of Records, one in the Records of the Vatican Library, and the other be sent to the Pope.  
The Signature and Subscriptions under the overwritten Profession, 
The form of the subscription of the act of profession.  were these, 

Christina.  
I Ferdinand Charles Archduke of Austria, have been a witness and subscribed.  
I S●g●smond Francis Archduke of Austria, Bishop of Auspurge, etc. have been a witness and subscribed.  
I Don Antonio Pimentel de Prado Ambassador of the Catholic King, have been a witness and subscribed.  
I Luke Holstenius Canon of Saint Peter in Rome, have received this Profession and subscribed.    
Which were likewise afterwards authenticated with the Act of a public Notary, and with the legality of the Arch Duke's Records in the following form.  

In the name of Christ Amen. In the year of our Lord 1655. and the eighth indiction, on the third of November, in the first year of the Papacy of our most holy Father in Christ, Alexander the seventh, at Inspruch in the Diocese of Brixia, about noon, in the Archduke's Church of the holy Cross, before the high Altar, the most noble Lady Christina Queen of Swedland personally there present, freely and deliberately on her knees, with a clear voice, before the above-written witnesses required thereunto in the face of the Church and touching the holy Gospels, pronounced this subscribed profession of the Catholic faith. Which Profession of faith being ended, the most illustrious Queen, and Right Honourable and most reverend Lord Luke Holsienius, Canon of Saint Peter in Rome? and one of the household and continual attendance at the table of our most holy Father in Christ, very favourably required of me the Notary under-written, that in order to this business, I would make one, or more public instruments, in perpetual remembrance of the thing. And because I undernamed public Notary, was present with the witnesses, at the public profession of the Catholic faith, made by the most illustrious Queen Christina, etc. and received by the most Reverend Lord Holstenius, in the name and stead of the Roman Apostolical Sea, according to the order appointed by the holy Council of Trent, by virtue of his Apostolical delegation, both it and the subscriptions to set d●wn, I have both seen and heard. In testimony therefore of this, I have made this present public instrument, have written it with my own hand, subscribed and published it, and with the usual seal of my Office of Notary, being thereunto required, have confirmed it. Dated as above. Nicholas Zerzer the Archduke's Counsellor, Secretary, and public Notary, by Papal and Imperial authority.  
We N. N. Precedent, Chancellor, Regent's, and Counsellors of the Provinces of the upper Austria, belonging to the most Illustrious Prince Ferdidinand Charles Archduke of Austria, etc. do witness, the above named Nicholas Zerzer, the Archduke's Counsellor, and also Secretary of the Provinces of the higher Austria, is a legal and authentical Notary, as abovesaid, and therefore to his writings, and public instruments, in judgements, and out, here, and every where, a full and undoubted faith may and aught to be given. In testimony whereof, we here present have confirmed it with the Archduke's Seal.  
Dated at Inspruch the 8th day of November, 1655. John Christopher Castner of Castenstein, Counsellor to the Archduke, and Precedent of the Arches.   
Her Majesty remaining in Inspruch, thought it good to write this following letter to the King of Swedland, the contents of which were,  
Dear Brother,  
I Am happily arrived here, where I found the Permission and Order of his Holiness, to declare myself what I am, and have been long ago. I think myself fortunate in obeying him, and have preferred this glory before that of reigning o'er the potent Dominions you possess. You should like my resolution, though you thought it not good, since to you 'tis so profitable and so glorious. However I protest unto you, I have not at all changed the sense of the friendship I have ever had for you, nor the love I owe Swedland, which I will preserve as long as I live, and eternally be  
Dear Brother, Your most affectionate Sister and Friend CHRISTINA. Inspruch, Novemb. 4. 1655.  
Two hours after dinner the Queen went from Inspruch with all her attendance, accompanied by their Highnesses some part of the way, and waited on by the Baron of Freyberg, together with all the Officers, and the same train, that went to meet her, being always very generously defrayed by that Prince, to the very last confines of his state.  

Her Majesty's departure from Inspruch.  The same evening the Queen went from Inspruch, Holstenius dispatched a Courier to the Cardinal Legate of Ferrara, advising him of her Majesties advance towards that place, and that he might be sure she would be in the Church's dominions on the two and twentieth following. In the mean time he continued in Inspruch, to perfect the public instrument of the act of Profession in the Notary's acts, and here on that account, he being necessitated to expect till the next day after noon, he departed then likewise, and overtook the Queen just as she was going out of Stersen after dinner on the tenth.  
On the eighth at night, her Majesty lay at Motera, a little town of Tyrole, between Insp●uch and the mountain Prainer, and the following morning arrived there from Inspruch, 
The Archduke sends a Gentleman to visit the Queen.  the Baron John George Clinig Gentleman of the Chamber to his Highness, and Count Francis di Lodrone Gentleman of the Chamber to Prince Sigismond, to visit her Majesty in the name of their Masters, to inquire of her health, to wish her a good journey, and see if she wanted any thing, Compliments used by Princes among one another in like cases. 
Her Majesty returns the Archduke's Compliment.  The Queen dispatched presently the Lord Lilliecron Gentleman of her Chamber to Inspruch, to return their Highness' compliment, and thence pursued her journey, going that night to Stersen, a little town seated not far from the foresaid mountain of Prainer, in a large space of a very fertile plain, shut up on all sides by high mountains.  
From Stersen her Majesty went to Bressanon, 
The honours done her Majesty by the Bishop of Bressanon.  whom the Bishop and Prince of the City, my Lord Anthony Crolino, met with a noble train, and lodged with all magnificence that night. The day after, on the eleventh, having dined at Colmar, a place that was halfway, her Majesty arrived that evening at Bolgiano, a very great Town between the mountains, in the spatiousest place of the plain, where the clear river Adice made navigable, carries with a rapid current all the Merchandise sent into Italy, from those noble Fairs, which are usually kept four times a year.  
A little before they arrived at Bolgiano, a Courier came to Holstenius, dispatched from the Legate of Ferrara, and the Nuntii, to have an assurance of the way, by which her Majesty would come into the Country of Ferrara, to wit, if through the state of Venice, or of Mantova, but he being unable to give them any answer of that, the Venetians having than not declared by what place they would give her leave to pass, he detained the Courier till he knew their resolution.  
The four Nuntii were departed now from Rome, with Signior Fulvie Servanzii, one of the Masters of the Ceremonies, and Signior Nuntiato Baldocci, one of the Computists of the Apostolical Chamber, and with a great retinue and baggage, answerable to the greatness of their charge, who going easy journeys through Umbria, Marca, and Romagna, were come to Ferrara.  
His Holiness made choice of this Officer of the Chamber, that he by his conduct and integrity, might look to the charges of the lodgings, which were to be defrayed by the Chamber, and see that all things were in very good order, as indeed they were always, when directed by him. And because his Beatitude was extremely concerned that every thing should be done very splendidly and punctually, his Holiness with a Note of his hand directed to my Lord Franzoni, Treasurer general, gave order on the 23 of October of the year 1655 that to the said Baldocci he should cause to be paid without any limitation, what money he should use, and to the said Baldocci, he likewise gave authority to make the reckonings even of himself, without the accustomed Congregation of accounts.  
And because the charge of Computist of the Chamber, is an Office of great weight; in the absence of Signior Nuntiato Baldocci aforesaid, Signiore Giovanni his Brother had the place, who had given many honourable and very worthy proofs of his experience in the employment of Computist of his Holinesses Soldiers in the siege of Castro, and likewise in Dalmatia in that of Collateral for the soldiers, which warred for the Republic of Venice against the Turk, where he was four years exercising, besides for two years together the Paymasters place, in the absence of the other.  
The said Baldocci, as a Minister very zealous for his Holinesses good service, arriving at Civita Castallana, took Post, and road in great haste to speak with all the Legates, and Governors of the places appointed for her Majesty's lodgings, presenting to them the Pope's note aforesaid, as likewise the letters of the Secretary of State, and the Lord Treasurer general, with leaving money every where, according to their need, and adding by word of mouth, what seemed to him fit for a business of that nature, and wholly agreeable to his Holinesses intention, and thus he did all along to Ferrara, whither he came six days before the arrival of the Nuntii, and just in a time, when they had not the least information that the Queen was departed from Inspruch, insomuch as the time was commodious for preparing of all things for her Majesty's reception. To Ferrara came likewise opportunely the Coach sent by his Holiness, the Litter, and Chair, with the Quartermasters, and Harbinger, for ordering of the lodgings, with two noble beds, both alike, with Chairs of the same, to the end that her Majesty should lie all the journey in her usual beds, and one might go before unto the other lodging. The cloth of state, the carpet, and many other things were sent from Rome, even the table to eat on, the gilt furniture of the Cupboard, with divers other Officers, all under the command of Baldocci.  

The Baron of Fermiano comes to Inspruch to compliment the Queen in the name of the Prince of Trent.  While the Queen stayed in Inspruch, there arrived the Baron Giovanni Georgio di Fermiano, a Gentleman of great spirit and parts, dispatched from the Prince Charles Emanuel Madruzzi, the Bishop of Trent, and Count of Chiullant, to invite her to that City, with expressions of obsequiousness and respect. Her Majesty seeming to like the invitation, replied with her accustomed civility, that her passage was granted her by the Republic of Venice, with this express condition, that she should not stay in Trent, nor Roveredo, and therefore she could not have the honour of his invitation.  
The Baron soon informed the Prince of all, who very desirous to serve her in his state, 
He invites her Majesty to Trent.  sent back without delay a Courier, with letters to the Ambassador Pimentel, to Don Antonio della Cueva, to Count Montecuccoli, and my Lord Holstenius, entreating them to use their authority with her Majesty for obtaining his desire in order to her lodging in Trent, since the supposition of the plague was most false, they enjoying perfect health in that City.  
These Gentlemen employed themselves jointly to comply with the said Princes desire, and the Baron of Fermiano had a very courteous audience of the Queen in Bolgiano, where he reinvited her, receiving this answer from her Majesty, 
The Queen's answer to the Baron of Fermiano.  that out of the confidence she promised herself she could have in the kindness of the Prince, though she had not been invited by him, she would have invited herself, but that the forementioned oppositions, to her great displeasure, were her hindrance, yet that howsoever she was much obliged to the courtesy of the Prince. The Baron advised him of all, and he with greater vigour persisting in his courteous earnestness, the shortness of the time not permitting him to write unto Venice, wrote incontinently to the Governors of Verona, to have leave to lodge her Majesty in Trent; But doubting in the mean time he should not have a favourable answer, or if it were favourable, it would come too late, he gave order again to the Baron aforesaid, if he could not have the honour of receiving her Majesty in Trent, to procure she would be pleased at least to accept of some refreshing in the town of Lavis, the last of the Diocese of Trent, and which divides the confines of Italy, from those of Germany. The Baron performed every thing with his powerful endeavours, and the Queen was contented to accept the oblation. 
The invitation made her in the name of the Duke of Mantova.   
The Queen departing from Bolgiano on the thirteenth of the month, lay at Egna that night, a town not long before, with another place called Salorno, bought by Signior Zenobi di Verona a Nobleman of Venice. Here arrived a Courier from the Duke of Mantova, with letters to her Majesty to invite her to that City. His Highness had sent to that end the Marquis Andreasi Captain of his guard, but because the passages were shut, he had been constrained to stay at Volargna, a village belonging to Verona, a little way distant from Chiusa, which is a narrow passage, and strong, where there is a constant Garrison of soldiers, and albeit the Queen refused his invitation, excusing herself, that she could not go out of the way, she going directly to Rome, and was not then certain where she should have leave to pass by the Venetians, yet she reserved herself to accept of his favour, in case she should pass through his Highness' dominions.  
On the fourteenth her Majesty came to Lavis before fifteen hours, 
She is splendidly treated at Trent  and there in the name of the said Prince of Trent, she was again invited to stay, at least, and dine in that City, since they had gotten leave from Verona to receive her.  
The Queen then resolved to accept the invitation, 
She resolve to dine at Trent.  and went the next morning to Mass in the Cathedral Church, and dined in the Palace Madruzzo, a very pleasant place called Belvedere, which was a Musket shot without the town. At four hours in the night she resolved to dine there the next day, so as they immediately sent the Prince notice of it, who, to his great content, understanding the good news, caused all things to be presently prepared for the splendid reception of so noble a Princess.  
In the mean time her Majesty was presented at Lavis with a noble and most plentiful treatment, which consisted of great store of excellent sweetmeats, pasts of Genova, wild fowl, all sorts of venison, and poultry, sea-fish, and freshwater fish of extraordinary greatness, and in fine, most rare fruits, and salads of all kinds.  

The generosity of the Prince of Trent.  All that were there, not only extolled, but wondered at this splendid and magnificent entertainment: The Queen was much pleased and observed it with particular satisfaction, expressing herself much obliged to this generous Prince, and admiring as much the punctuality and good order, with which its perfection and exquisiteness appeared.  
Lavis is a little open town, 
The description of Lavis.  situated in the plain, between the entrance of those most high Mountains, and washed by the river Lavis, from which it takes the name, which falling from the Alps, into a narrow valley on the left hand, with a very rapid current joins itself to the river Adige, which dividing all the length of the plain, is a little below Bolgiano, still navigable to the sea, on which they traffic greatly out of Germany into Italy. On this river Lavis, there is a great bridge somewhat long, and covered over, where usually stands a guard, to collect some little tribute of the passengers, which is called passage-money. This town appertains to the principality of Trent, and here end the confines of Italy with Germany, for not far from thence, they begin to speak Dutch. 'Tis distant three Dutch leagues from the City of Trent, and for the continual concourse of people and merchandise, passing through it, is full of inhabitants, and very commodious houses, with many rich families, made very advantageous by their industry, as they are almost every where in the Country of Tyrole, where though the situation be narrow and barren, yet all things that are necessary for man's life, as flesh, and wild game, are there in great abundance and perfection, with very noble hunting, fit and proper for their pleasure, who are delighted with it.  
The End of the Third Book.   

The History of the sacred, and Royal Majesty of Christina Alessandra, Queen of Swedland, etc. The Fourth Book.  
The Argument.  
THe Queen continues her journey through Tyrole towards Italy, and is invited, and royally treated by the Prince the Bishop of Trent. From Tyrole she passes concealed through the State of Venice. She enters into the Territory of Mantova, and is courteously received by that Duke. She is received on the Confines of the Church's Dominions by the Nuntii of his Holiness, where she is splendidly entertained. She receives the same entertainments in Bologna, Imola, and Faenza, by the Cardinal's Lomellino, Donghi, and Rossetti.  

The Prince of Trent meets the Queen.  THe next morning her Majesty advanced towards Trent, whence the Prince came and met her on horseback, accompanied by above two hundred and fifty Gentlemen, all persons of quality, among whom, besides the Baron of Fermiano aforesaid, the hereditary Marshal of the Principality of Trent, and Lord Chamberlain of the golden Key, to his Highness the Archduke, there was the Vicar General Alberti, Dean Guelfi, the Archdeacon, Count John Baptist di Lodrone, Bernard Malanotte, and Charles Pompeati Canons of Trent. The Counts Philip di Lodrone, Paris di Lodrone, Colico di Arco. The Signiori Walsperghieri, Gaudentio de Wolchestain, Christopher Mattirli, and others well born, and of ancient and conspicuous Nobility.  
At the village of Gardolo, three miles distant from Trent, the Prince alighting, and approaching to her Majesty's Litter, gave her a short Compliment, inviting her to dinner at his house, which her Majesty accepting with a very pleasant countenance, he complemented likewise the Ambassador Pimentel, Don Antonio della Cueva, Count Montecuccoli, and my Lord Holstenius.  
After this they went towards the City, the Prince riding on the right hand of Count Montecuccoli, before the Queen's Litter. Her Majesty alighted at the gate of the Dome, 
She alights at the Church.  and was there received by all the Clergy, the Canon's intervening and assisting, under a Canopy carried by the Gentlemen of the College of Trent. She kneeled on a cushion of cloth of gold, kissed the Cross, and received holy water from my Lord Joseph Guelfi Dean of the Cathedral, going into the Church, where they sung the Hymn, She is beautiful, etc. and kneeling at the Altar of the Crucifix, before which were published long since the decrees of the holy Council of Trent. Here on a royal Carpet raised from the ground, covered likewise with a cloth of state, she heard with particular devotion the holy Mass, celebrated by the Vicar, after which, under the same Canopy, carried as before, she went on foot to the Church of Saint Mary the greater, attended by many Ladies, and there hearing the famous Organ of that Church, renowned for the Council aforesaid held there, having likewise viewed the picture of the Sessions of the Council aforesaid, she went into her litter, giving order to be carried to the Church of Saint Peter, where she saw the uncorrupted and famous body of the glorious Martyr, and Child, Simon of Trents going aftervards to dinner, to the Palace of Madruzzo. The table was royally furnished with every thing the season would yield, 
She observes the most remarkable things  as well wild game as tame, with all other sorts of rare meats, fish of all kinds, sweetmeats, and fruits, and in fine, with each thing that was excellent and noble, where the magnificence and punctuality of that generous and valorous Prince, most abundantly appeared. The Queen dined alone attended by the principal Cavaliers.  
At the same time, at another table with the Prince dined the Ambassador Pimentel, Don Antonio della Cueva, Count Montecuccoli, my Lord Holstenius, and others of the chiefest of her Majesty's Court, being exquisitely treated, as were all the Officers and Gentlemen of her train.  
Afer dinner the Queen retired a little while into her Chamber, 
The Prince Compliments the Queen  and presently after the Prince waited on her, and after a short, but very cordial Compliment, her Majesty began again her journey, accompanied in the very same manner by the Prince and his train to the plain of Lidorno, which is distant three miles, where the said Prince alighting from his horse, paid again his respects to the Queen, and took his leave of her, whose hand the Cavaliers and Gentlemen of Trent kissed all one by one, she extending it courteously to them, and declaring herself much obliged for the honours and civilities received of them.  
So her Majesty continued her journey, arriving that evening at Calliano, where the Barons Troppi, Lords of the place, and Gentlemen of very high esteem, made a most splendid feast, and the Castle of Besen, a little way distant from thence, seated on a craggy mountain, which renders it inexpugnable, seconded it with discharging many Canon and Muskets. She departed thence the following morning, being the sixteenth of November, and passing through Roveredo, was saluted by that Castle, with the noise of the Artillery, the Mortar-pieces, and Muskets, going thence to Hall, a little town, but full of traffic, where she wrote to the Prince of Trent the following letter.  
Dear Cousin,  
YOur civilities and the noble entertainment you gave me, 
The Queen her letter to the Prince of Trent.  have obliged me in that manner, that I would not let the Archduke's men return without again thanking you for them, and assuring you how much I desire the occasion to be able to acknowledge my gratitude to you, and give you some testimony of the sincerity, with which I am  
Dear Cousin, Your most affectionate Cousin and Friend, Christina. From Hall the 17th of November 1655.  
The day after, she passing through Borghetto, came out of the Archduke's dominions, whose Officers and Train, which always had attended and defrayed her through that State, took their leaves of her Majesty.  

She enters into the state of Venice.  At the news of her Majesties advance towards the State of Venice, the Counts Giovanni Battista Allegri, and Marc Antonio Chiodo, both Officers to take care for the health of the City of Verona, and Gentlemen of great quality, and eminent birth, stood ready on the confines, to know of Don Antonio Pimentel what company he had in his train, to the end none but they might be suffered to pass, since every thing was done in his name, the Queen not desiring to be known, nor to be met by any, as 'twas punctually observed.  
Her Majesty next to Hall, was to lie in the Village of Dolce above Chiusa, whereupon by his Excellency's order, Signior Paolo Contarini the then Captain of Verona and a Senator of great quality, her lodgings were prepared as well as the narrowness and littleness of the incommodious place would permit for receiving so numerous a train, where they wanted not any thing, the season and occasion would afford, the charge of the reception being committed to the Marquis Sagramoso Sagramosi, and Count Giovanni Paolo Pompey, principal Cavaliers of Verona, well acquainted, and versed in the business.  
They went with a noble retinue of Gentlemen their Comrades, with servants, and coaches with six horses apiece, to receive Pimentel aforesaid at the bars of the passage, which were ih the village of Peri, 
The Cavaliers of Verona compliment Don Antonio Pimentel.  and here they presented a letter from the Senator Contareno to the Ambassador Pimentel, accompanying it with excuses, and expressions of good will which are usually observed in occurrences of that nature. The Ambassador accepted their relation with terms of much courtesy, and affectionate thanks. When they arrived at Dolce, they did all they could to accommodate them in their lodgings, where the treatment consisted of fish of the lake of Garda, of wild game, shellfish, sweet meats, and most excellent wines, as well of that Country to wit, Muskadine, and Garganicho esteemed the best, as of other Greek wines, and others brought from Venice, and was very splendid and agreeable to the Venetian greatness.  

In Dolce they resolve; to go through the Country of Mantova.  In Dolce the way was resolved on, which her Majesty should hold through Ussulengo, and the Island of Scala, towards the Country of Mantova. On the eighteenth in the morning having passed the river Adige on a great bridge brought thither for the purpose, she went to Ussulengo that evening, being always, though under the colour of the Ambassador Pimentel served by Sagramoso and Pompey aforesaid, with the same entertainments.  

My Lord Holstenius gives information to the Legate of Ferrara.  From Ussulengo at four hours in the night, my Lord Holstenius sent back the Courier, dispatched to him before by the Legate of Ferrara, and the Nuntii, giving them advice of the way resolved on through the Countries of Verona and Mantova to come into that of Ferrara. On the nineteenth in the morning the Queen went from thence, and lay that night in the Island of Scala, a place belonging to the territory of Verona, where she had the same lodging and treatment. In Ussulengo Madam de Cueva was surprised with a gentle fever, occasioned by a defluxion of rheum, so as she and the Signior della Cueva her husband were forced to remain there some days, but she was soon after well, and they pursued their journey, overtaking her Majesty at Loretto.  
In the mean time the Marquis Andreasi a complete Cavalier appeared, 
The Marquis Andreasi complementeth the Queen in the name of the Duke of Montova  and complemented personally her Majesty, inviting her in the name of the Duke of Mantova, a little before returned from Casal to lodge in Revere, a place beyond the Po, over against Ostia a Town of the territory of Mantova, which her Majesty accordingly accepted. His Highness so informed by Couriers sent expressly to him, gave order the lodgings should with all celerity be prepared, calling together in all haste the Militia, as well the foot as horse of the Mantovan state, to attend her Majesty with the magnificence, the place and the time would afford. He then with her Highness his wife came to Revere, whence he caused to advance to the confines of his Country, all the troops of horse, putting into Ponte Molino an ancient Castle, where they pass from the Country of Verona into that of Mantova, a good guard of foot. The day the Queen moved from the Island of Scala, the Marquis Andreasi, who after the ceremony of inviting her Majesty in Dolce, as we said before, was returned to Mantova, was sent by his Highness with a numerous and noble retinue to the confines, to receive there her Majesty, representing to her, the Duke would be presently there to wait upon her: nor omitted he to express his Highness' discontent, 
The Duke goes to meet the Queen.  for her Majesty's incommodity occasioned by the rain, which falling then abundantly, continued all the following day, insomuch as the ways were very ill, and the show in the meeting was hindered extremely, since the Duke, who had designed to appear a horseback, accompanied by the Nobility, which attended him very splendidly apparelled, was constrained by that accident, to make use of his Coaches.  
Sending therefore before him his guards of light Horsemen, and Launciers in a very good livery, all appointed for the service of her Majesty; his Highness passed the Po with very many principal Cavaliers, and went in his coach to Ponte Molino, causing likewise to be led along with him, the horses richly fadled and adorned, with intention to use them in waiting on the Queen, but the rain spoiled all his designs.  
When the Duke had discovered her Majesty's Coach, 
He wait● on her Majesty.  he quickly alighted out of his to wait upon her, whereupon she informed the Duke was in the company, causing her Coach to be stopped in an instant, leapt out of it hastily, not regarding the rain nor the dirt, whom his Highness approaching, did compliment in a way as obsequious, as sprightly and gracious.  

Who received him with great courtesy.  The Queen received him as completely, and entreated him often to be covered, but he refused to do it, seeming very much troubled, her Majesty had incommoded herself, to come out of her coach in that so soul weather to do him that honour, who was with such devotion her servant. Their compliments ended, the Duke went again into his coach, and passed before to Ostia, to expect the Queen, and attend her passage o'er the Po.  
When the Duke was gone, her Highness the arch-duchess arrived, accompanied by many coaches, 
The Arch-Dutchesse complementeth the Queen.  and attended by great store of Ladies, all sumptuously adorned. Her Highness alighted in a convenient place to pay her respects to the Queen, who would use her Highness in the very same fashion, she had done the Duke, coming out of her Coach, though in the dirt, and receiving her with a sweetness full of Majesty, and the greatestaffability. After their reciprocal Compliments, the Queen her into the Coach, advanced to the Po, whose banks on both sides were all beset, as far as they could see, with soldiers on foot and a horseback, the harmony of Trumpets and Drums, which were seconded with the noise of the Canon, and Muskets, and because now the night did approach, many fires were lighted along the banks of the river, and divided into very fit spaces, which made in the dark, with their well ordered splendour, the prospect delightful to their great admiration, and curiosity.  
Here her Majesty passed the Po to the opposite bank of Revere, 
She passeth the Po, and is royalty received in Revere.  on three ferry-boates joined together, which by reason the river was low, served instead of a bridge, three others remaining apart, for the greater conveniency of their train. The Port was illuminated with 24 great torches carried by 24 Pages of his Highness, with very rich liveris. In their alighting out of the coach, and entering into the Port, the Duke led the Queen, who was carried from the banks to the water side in a sumptuous chair, being followed by the Arch-Dutches, who leaned on the arm of the Ambassador Pimentel. In this manner all the Ladies passed over one after another, as likewise the Cavaliers of the Court, with the rest of both trains.  
The town of Revere hath one long street among the rest, extended along the Po, with houses on both sides. Through this, which was beautified with lights, the Queen was carried in her chair to the Palace of the Duke, the 24 Pages aforesaid preceding with torches in their hands, and a company of the Guard, another company like that, following the Arch-Dutchesse, and the Ladies in the coach; The Duke with his Cavaliers, went through a shorter way to the Palace, which besides being furnished most richly, was kept by the foot-guards of his Highness in their live●y, and adorned with a most noble and most beautiful row of Ladies, who with the lustre of the jewels and gold, with which they were docked, augmented the splendour of the infinite number of lights, which were burning every where.  
Her Majesty alighted out of her chair in the great hall of the Palace, 
The entertainments, given to her Majesty by the Duke of Mantova.  being led by the Duke, who carried her to her lodgings. Her Highness the Arch-Dutchesse followed her, and the Ladies staying in the antichamber a little while after introducted to wait on her Majesty, who received them all with her usual civility. They returning into the antichamber, her Majesty remained alone with the Duke and Arch-Dutchesse, discoursing with them for some time. His Highness' Musicians being afterwards brought into that room, entertained them most nobly at the portals rolled up, with several songs, now with one, now more voices, intermingling divers harmonies of Instruments, with which her Majesty was very highly pleased.  
In the mean time they made ready the table in the same antichamber abounding with Nobility, which filled too the great Hall, that was per●it, many Gentlemen of the neighbouring Cities, besides the Cavaliers of the Country, flocking thither in great numbers, attracted not only by a laudable curiosity, but out of their own inclination to wait on that Prince, who with the atraction of his most sweet carriage, commanded the obsequiousness of the most remote persons, not only of his neighbours.  
Her Majesty sat at table under a cloth of state in perspective, on a carpet raised four fingers from the ground, and over against her the Duke and Arch-Dutchesse. Don Antonio Pimentel, though invited, was not there, he finding himself not very well. The table was adorned so artificially, that the eye was not satisfied with seeing, nor the mind in admiring that natural beauty. The quantity and delicacy of the meats, showed the greatest imaginable magnificence and generosity. Yet all was observed without wonder, for every one that knows what a mind that Prince hath, which even in little things, is still great, to be answerable to the greatness of the house of Gonzaga, admired it not at all.  
Her Majesty's Cupbearer was Count Luigi Canossa, 
She eats in public.  brother to the Marquis Horatio, both Cavaliers of high quality, & of greatest esteem, but this Cavalier had no great trouble given him in choosing the wines, which there were very precious and exquisite, since this virtuous Princess was so temperate, that she drank only two draughts of wine, to drink to his Highness' health, she afterwards quenching her thirst with pure water.  
The Music continued as long as the supper, and every thing was most pleasing to her Majesty, who afterwards retired to her lodgings, as the Princess and all the rest did,  
On the following day, 
She departs from Revere with great satisfaction.  which was the 21, when her Majesty had dined, in the very same order and magnificence, she passed again the Po, and went into her Coach, and the arch-duchess with her, who would wait upon her to the confines. The Duke went a horseback with all his Cavaliers, notwithstanding the ill weather, the troops of the Mantovan horse, and the Guards of his Highness, preceding and following her Majesties Coach. In this manner they marched very near to Melara, where alighting, after some courteous compliments, they dispersed themselves, those Princes returning thence towards Mantova, and the Queen continuing her journey towards Figarolo.  

The Nuntii of his Holiness go to meet the ● Queen.  The four Nun●ii, with the Master of the Ceremonies, and Don Innocentio Conti de Duchi de Poli a Roman. Campmaster general of the soldiers of the Ecclesiastical state, and Commander in Ferrara, departed on the twentieth in the morning betimes with same troops of horse, one of which of the Guard was commanded by the Marquis Carlo Theodoli, a person of eminent quality, with the Coach, Litter, and chair, which his Holiness had sent for the meeting of her Majesty, on the confines, but by reason of the shortness of the time, and the ill way, they could only advance two miles farther than Calto, where discovering her Majesty's Coach, they alighted, and the Queen did the same, when she was near to them. The Nuntii here complemented her in the name of his Holiness, and presented her the Brief, which her Majesty with great reverence received, kissing it, and opened it in the open fields, though it reigned, which was of the following tenor.  
To our dearest Daughter in Christ, Christina, the illustrious Queen of Swedland. Alexander the VIIth Pope.  
OUr most dear Daughter in Christ, Greeting and Apostolical benediction.  
In what great expectation we are of your Majesty's arrival, our venerable Brothers, Hannibal of Thebes, and Luke of Ravenna, Arch-Bishops, and our beloved sons Mr. Inico Caraccioli, Dean of the Apostolical Chamber, and Philip Cesarini Clerk of the same, our extraordinary Nuntii to your Majesty will evidently declare. For in this excess of joy we could scarce contain ourselves, that the interpreters of it might be kept within the limit of the Church's Dominions, and express at your entrance the sum of our gladness and great charity towards you. But because we suppose you as sensible of this joy and content, we doubt not but this intimation of our paternal love, and earnest good will, will likewise be most grateful to you. In the mean time 'tis a sweet thing to us, to think of the No small or light portion of the pleasure of that day, when Rome shall receive you with the glad congratulations of all. and you find the true fountains of wisdom, which you formerly have learned, not from the doctrine of Christ, But in the school of Philosophers, amongst the foolish things of this world, and the interdicted, and ignoble, and behold at the shrines of the Apostles, the monuments of Princes and Kings, the Disciples of the Cross triumphing, as it were o'er the pride and pomp of the World. For the rest, so well are they descended whom we send to your Majesty, and such praises have they purchased, besides, a noble family, that it will be a hard thing for you to determine what you in each of them shall most like. Now God, whose Word the winds, and the tempests obey, be with you in your journey, and confer on your Majesty the blessings we most lovingly impart.  
Given at Rome at Saint mary's, the greater, under the Ring of the Fisher the 24 of October 1655, in the first year of our Papacy. Natalis Rondininus.  
Going afterwards into his Holinesses Coach, 
She arrives at Figarolo,  and the Nuntii following her with all the retinue, she arrived at F●garolo at half an hour in the night, where after a little repose, she was visited by the Nuntii, whom she met in the midst of the room, and accompanied to the door.  
Figarolo is a Town built scatteringly on the banks of the Po. o'er against Stellata, another place resembling it, seated in an angle, which is made by the river Panaro in discharging itself into the said Po Every thing convenient for the lodging of so great a train could not be had in time, for computing that the Queen, by reason of the ill weather, could not arrive there until the 21 as Holstenius had written, things were not observed with that punctuality and necessary solicitude, to which may be added, that the river grown tempestuous with the wind, suffered not to pass, till the twentieth at evening, certain Officers and goods designed for the lodging. However the things were well ordered, for though there were that night in that little place about eight hundred horse of her Majesty's train, and the soldiers of the Militia, and albeit the great rains were a hindrance to every thing, the well ordered commands of Don Innocentio Conti facilitated the endeavours of the Ministers subordinate to Baldocchi, who had sent them thither from Ferrara, he by his assiduous applications in this, and that place, more deserving still the name of an accurate and diligent Officer.  
On the 22 of November her Majesty dined in Figarolo, 
She advanced towards Ferrara.  and afterwards taking coach, advanced towards Ferrara, which is fifteen miles off, all along on the banks of the river Po, which there are very strong, as a fence against its dangerous inundations. A great number of soldiers were distributed in all the ways, for Don Innocentio Conti, a Gentleman of great valour and conduct, having commanded five thousand foot, and a thousand horse, had divided them with that order on those banks, that he made them seem more numerous to the wonder of all.  
My Lord B●ssi, a nobleman of Viterbo, and a Prelate of great parts, the Vicelegate of Ferrara, with a very great attendance of Gentlemen of Ferrara a horseback, came near Figarolo to compliment the Queen, informing her the Cardinal Legate would presently be there to wait on her Majesty. His Eminence issuing out of the City, advanced to Occhiobello distant six miles, to meet her with a very good train of Coaches, with six horses apiece, full of principal Cavaliers of that country. His Eminence discovering the Queen 25 paces off, who was alone in his Holinesses Coach, alighted and met her. The Queen causing her Coach to be stopped ten paces from the Cardinal, did likewise alight, and here began the Compliment, in which still her Majesty gave the title of Eminence. Then the Queen went again into her Coach, helped thither by the Cardinal, who likewise went into his own, and followed her Majesty, who had on a man's Hungerlin of plain black velvet, with a band, and an upper safeguard for women of a dark grey colour, without which she would have looked like a man.  

A splendid bridge o'er the Po.  She arriving at the bridge of the black lake three miles distant from Ferrara, a place much renowned for the Fort, which built some years before by the Pope, on the opposite bank, was assaulted by the forces of Venice, found built a very fine and commodious bridge, designed by the admirable architecture of the Marquis Girolamo Ressetti, Cavalier of Ferrara, of very great spirit, and eminent parts.  
It was made of 46 great and thick barks, with a floor so broad, four coaches could go over it in a breast. It reached f●om one side to the other, not simply from the brink of the water, to the opposite part, but from the bank itself, on which it stood. The construction of the bridge was most rare, and the finest, peradventure, that hath been seen in Europe. The Queen would needs go o'er it, though for her there was prepared a most splendid Bucintoro, adorned with the Popes and her Majesty's arms, and another noble barque somewhat less. When her Majesty was passed, though the bridge was so full of Coaches, horses, and soldiers, that it could hold no more, yet it stood always firm, and very strong without the least disjointing.  

She is met at the gate of Ferrara.  At the gate of the City her Majesty was met by the Marquis Francesso Calcagnini the chief Cavalier of the place, and a person endued with extraordinary parts. He was Precedent of the Council, and afterwards with the Magistrates, the College of Doctors, and his guard of halberdiers in the usual livery of the City, and great strore of servants advanced to compliment the Queen, who received him with her accustomed affability.  
When his compliment was ended, he waited on the Queen riding before her with his train, among which were 24 Pages nobly born, and clothed in plain black velvet, designed for the attendance on her Majesty. The City spared no cost, nor application, for Count Julius Caesar Nigrelli, Ambassador in Rome for that Town, a charge he had exercised with great praise and attention, had in order thereunto, advertised the Magistrates of his Holinesses mind. At the first she was welcomed with six great Cannons with bullets, all discharged at the same time, and afterwards by the artillery from the walls, with an infinite number of mortarpieces intermingled. All the gates, streets, and breast-works were manned with soldiers, with lights in the streets, and torches at the Palaces of the Cardinals, the Legate and Bishop, the Townhouse, the Vice-Legates, and other particular Cavaliers.  
She came in her Litter to the Pillars before the Cathedral, 
She alights at the Cathedral, being received by the Cardinal Bishop.  and there did alight. His Eminence Cardinal Pio the Bishop, adorned with his Amice, his Rochet, and rich Mitre, in the midst of two Canons in their Coaps, going before the Cross, the Clergy, and Chapter met her, and she kneeling on the even ground within the chains, on a cushion of cloth of gold, laid on a great carpet, kissed devoutly the Cross presented to her by the Cardinal Bishop, and then going before the said Cross, the Clergy and Chapter following her, and last of all the Cardinal in the midst of the Canons aforesaid, her Majesty went under a Canopy of silver, and conducted to the gate of the Church by the secular Magistrates, at what time they sang the Anthem, She is beautiful, etc. The Cardinal Legate coming out of his coach, and making a low reverence to the Queen, went into the Sacristy to put off his travelling clothes, and put on his long under-garment, his Rotchet, etc. expecting there the Cardinal Bishop.  
At the entrance into the Church, the Cardinal Bishop with the Mitre on his head, taking the sprinkling brush from the Dean, besprinkled the Queen, and the other there present, than made a reverence to the Queen, and took off the Mitre, while in the mean time the Musicians began to sing the Hymn, Te Deum. When the first was ended, the Bishop put on again his Mitre, and going before the cross in like manner, and the Chapter went towards the high Altar, on which was exposed the most holy Sacrament. Then his Eminence went to the Epistle side, and laying aside his Mitre, and kneeling at the verse, We therefore beseech thee, etc. stood up again, and turning to the Queen, as soon as Te Deum was ended, recited the verses and prayers, Save thy Handmaid, etc. Lord God, by whose providence, etc. and finally standing in the middle of the Altar, gave the solemn benediction, and bowing to the Queen, went thence into the Sacristy to put off his Ornaments, and clothing himself like the Cardinal Legate, they came out of the Sacristy together, and went both to the Queen, who went alone into her coach, and the two Cardinals, the Nuntii, and the Ambassador Pimentel in another, who waited on her Majesty to the Castle, and to her own lodgings.  
The Church had the frontispiece all resplendent with torches, and within was hung richly with tapestries, with a kneeling place for the Queen, and cushions for the Nuntii, who always attended on her Majesty.  

From the Church she goes to the Castle.  At the gate of the hall of the Castle, they found very many noble Ladies of the City most splendidly apparelled, who paid their respects, and complemented the Queen, who affectionately received them, and afterwards retired into her lodgings, where she was accompanied by the two Cardinals, the Nuntii, and all the retinue. That night little else was effected, but that all the Officers designed to look after the lodgings, were not idle, being employed in distributing, without the least confusion, to every one his chamber, they whom the Castle could not hold, being quartered in Palaces and particular houses in the town. That night the Queen supped privately, and was entertained with most excellent music. Couriers were then dispatched to Rome, to inform the Pope of all, as they did from time to time, in all other places where she stayed, not only in obedience to his Holinesses commands, who would know what they did, but likewise to receive from his Beatitude, opportune informations, in order to what they should do, for a complete and regal reception.  
Her Majesty stayed two days in Ferrara, where she visited divers Monasteries of Nuns, and the remarkablest things of the City, being always accompanied by the two Cardinals in her Coach, their Eminences sitting before, and the Queen alone behind. The four Nuntii followed after, as they always had done, in another coach, and all the other gentlemen's coaches of the train, continued in a row, one after another. She desired to see the fortress so famed, and was much pleased with it, and here she herself was assistant in discharging some pieces of artillery. During these two days, the City only feasted and rejoiced, every one endeavouring to demonstrate their gladness, fine maskings being seen, and other rare shows, for the pleasing of the eyes, and divertisement of the senses.  
The Queen at her entrance into the Church-dominions, sent by Post from Ferrara to Rome, 
Count Montecuccoli sent by the Queen to Rome.  Count Raymund Montecuccoli, to compliment his Holiness in her name, and thanks him for all the honours, his beatitude had been pleased to do her, and particularly for them she had begun to receive in the state Ecclesiastical, to whom she consigned affectionate letters for his Holiness. This Cavalier with the usual vivacity of his noble and eminent parts, gave a very good account of his employment, and leaving the Pope highly satisfied with his function, returned from thence within a few days, to find out the Queen in her journey, and go back with her to Rome.  
The day after her Majesty being willing to dine in public, a table was prepared with a single covering, under the cloth of state, but because she would honour the Cardinal Legate and Bishop, by taking them to dinner with her, two other cover were brought, one at the right hand, and the other at the left of the table, a little way distant from the upper end, where the Queen was to sit, each of them being under a little of the Canopy. All the three cover were in gilt baskets, the Cardinal Legate sitting on the right hand, the Bishop on the left, and the Legate saying grace.  
Don Luigi Pio of Savoy, Prince of St. Gregory, Brother to the Cardinal Bishop, gave the water for her Majesty's hands, and assisted at the table, changing the dishes after the manner of Germany. Don Innocentio Conti presented her the napkin, and the Marquis Hippolytus Bentivoglio was her Cupbearer and Sewer.  
The said Prince of St. Gregory came by post from Rome to Ferrara, to wait on the Queen, as one who being curious of seeing the world, when he had been at the Courts of Spain, France, Flanders, Holland and Denmark, passing likewise into Swedland, had received there many honours of her Majesty, and among other things was accompanied to Danzich by a Swedish man of war, and besides had her Majesty's picture set with a hundred fair diamonds, a favour that generous Princess was accustomed to show to Ambassadors of Kings, and Cavaliers of eminent condition. He therefore had waited upon her on the confines of Ferrara, and had been received with all courtesy, so as having paid her his respects, 
The qualities of the Prince of St. Gregory.  he took his leave of her, and returned by post to Rome, to serve there her Majesty. The said Prince, as he is endued with a vivacity of spirit, a mind truly splendid, and abounding especially with the virtues and qualities; which become a Cavalier of great birth, so in all things, and even in his younger years, followed worthily the glory of his Eminence the Cardinal his Brother, 
And of Cardinal Pio.  who to the integrity of his exempalr life, hath joined the greatest prudence, & an exquisite knowledge of all things, deserving the nobleness of his thoughts, he showing to all the highest generosity and courtesy.  
But returning to what was observed at the table, the bibbs were presented to the Queen and the Cardinals. Their Eminences were in their rotchets, and forbore very strictly to touch any meat, till they saw what her Majesty liked, and had eaten first of it.  
The first discourse began here by the Queen was of the Painters at Rome, 
The Queen's discourse at the Table.  she concluding in favour of Peter di Cortona, and Cavalier Bernino. She than spoke of the Musicians, and seemed well informed of all the treble voices, or Eunuches, saying, Bonaventura was the best at that time, and that Cavalier Loreto of Spoleti had taught to sing handsomely, continuing a while in the praises of music, and calling it the ornament of Princes, and delight of the chambers. At the first draught the Queen drank, three great pieces of artillery were discharged. She discoursed then of the Temples of Europe, and said three were great, to wit, St. Peter in Rome, St. Paul in London, and the Dome in Milan, but that St. Peter's was the fairest and greatest, adding likewise, as it were with a sigh, St. Paul's Church in London was now become a stable, and here she discoursed awhile of the English affairs. Then feeling it grew hot, she caused the glass of the windows to be opened from the top to the bottom, and the people which stood about the table, retired then a little. When her Majesty had drank the second time, she said she had never drank so much wine as in Italy, where it was very excellent. The Cardinal Bishop replied, your Majesty hath drank little of it, for you put much water to it, and we see you carry with you the virtue of the North, which the Queen was pleased with. In fine, new dishes of meat still appearing, her Majesty praised Italy, as having every thing within itself except drugs, the Cardinal Legate replied, what, sugars? Her Majesty answered, you have them in Sicily. And with these, and such like discourses, which use to be the pastimes of great persons, in their recreations at table and feasts, the meat was taken off, and the Queen in the midst of the two Cardinals aforesaid, retired to her chamber, where their Eminences stayed with her, entertaining themselves with several discourses. Her Majesty in her speeches showed a great esteem, of France, and to be well informed of all the affairs of the world, and especially of the Court of Rome, and of the last Conclave.  
That night they saw a Comedy at the charge of the Marquis Cornelius Bentivoglio, a Cavalier of one of the chiefest families in Italy, and who may deservingly be called a true lover of the virtuous. This play, where the honours of Boreas with Orithia were represented, succeeded very well, especially for the admirable beauty and fineness of the machines. Her Majesty very worthily esteeming so conspicuous a family, honoured with the title of Gentleman of her Chamber, and her Cupbearer the Marquis Hippolytus aforesaid, who together with the Marquis Cornelus his father, waited afterwards upon her to Rome; as Donna Constanza Sforza likewise did, a Lady of rare parts, and great quality, and wife to the said Marquis Cornelius, who instead of Madam Cueva, who stayed behind sick, as we said, supplied with equal spirit and decorum, the charge of chief Lady of the chamber to the Queen, attending on her all the rest of the journey to Rome. The remainder of the night was solemnised with variety of artificial fireworks, & all the demonstrations of gladness and rejoicing, which could proceed from hearts ambitious of conforming themselves to the generous and noble inclination of their Prince. While the Queen stayed in Ferrara, the Count St. Vitale came thither, a Cavalier of great quality, sent by the Duke of Parma, with the title of extraordinary Ambassador to compliment her Majesty.  

The description of Ferrara.  Ferrara is a great and spacious City, adorned with splendid and beautiful structures, and many piazze inhabited by divers great families, and washed on the East and South side with a branch of the river Po. It lies in a plain, low, and humid soil, and therefore the air is supposed a little unwholesome. 'Tis fortified with strong walls, bastions, and well flankt with very large and deep ditches, being guarded by a citadel of great strength, and very regular, in some parts inaccessible to the approaches, by reason of the marish situation on one side. The Castle, the habitation of the Cardinal Legate, is magnificent and sumptuous, and was the royal residence of the Dukes of Este, the splendour of Italy for the greatness of their minds, and eminent valour.  
The Cardinal John Baptist Spada a Noble man of Lucca, 
The noble qualities of the Cardinal John Baptist Spada.  a person of great worth and rare parts, preferred for his long services to the holy Sea of Rome, to the purple on the second of March, 1654. with the title of holy Susanna, performed this legation to his very great glory, and in this conjuncture acted nobly and abundantly his part.  
On the 25. her Majesty departed from Ferrara, 
She departs from Ferrara.  being saluted by the Canon from the walls, and the fortress, as at her coming thither, and they saw all the streets full of soldiers. The two Cardinals, the Legate and Bishop accompanied her Majesty to the confines of their Legation, which end at the river Reno, a little way off from the Villa of Poggio, appertaining to the Marquis Lambertini, an ancient and noble family of Bologna. Here at the entrance into the territory of Bologna, 
She is received on the confines by the Vicelegate of Bologna.  she was met by my Lord Ranuccio Ricci the Vicelegate, with the train of many Gentlemen all on horseback, who complemented her Majesty in the name of his Eminence Cardinal John Jerome Lomellino the Legate, and returned to Bologna, leaving the troop of horse that had accompanied him thither, to wait on the Queen. Her Majesty lay that night in the Villa of St. Benedict, in the Palace of the Senator, the Marquis John Nicholas Tanara, than Precedent of the Justice, and a person highly qualified, her train with the four Nuntii being lodged in the Palaces and neighbouring houses, where they were treated splendidly.  
The day after she continued her journey toward Bologna, 
Cardinal Lomellino goes out to meet the Queen  whence the Cardinal Legate issuing forth with above 40 coaches with six horses a piece, which were filled with the Nobility, and three troops of Horse went to meet her at the Villa of Funo distant five miles, all the ways being lined with soldiers, and a numerous concourse of people to see this great Princess. She arriving ten paces near his Eminence, who alighting before, expected her in the midst of the way, came out of her coach, and received very affably and courteously the compliment the Cardinal made her. His Eminence after this, was constrained to go back with all speed, to get before her Majesty, and receive her at the Dome in the absence of Boncompagno the Archbishop.  
When she was near the City, they began to hear the noise of the Artillery, which continued till she got to the Palace. At the gate she was received by all the Magistrates on horseback, who were in their solemn robes. After the like compliments she had had in Ferrara, she went to the Church of St. Peter, which is the Cathedral, and there alighting, was received with the same ceremonies used to her in the Church of Ferrara, 
Her reception at her entrance into Bologna.  after which she was carried in a chair to the Palace, accompanied by all the retinue. The Cardinal Legate, who made such haste thither, received her at the foot of the stairs, and in passing through the Hall of Farnese, they found there in ranks on both sides, above an hundred Ladies, most splendidly adorned, who all made low reverences to her. Arriving at her lodging, she a little while after saw the fires, which were opposite to her chamber, on a long and fine stand which was made for that purpose with Pyramids, and a great figure signifying Faith, with the Arms of the Pope, of her Majesty, and his Eminence, among which were distributed several images of Lions, the Arms of Bologna. The fires were extraordinarily fine, and at the same time six thousand squibs of wildfire were seen flying from the summit of two towers.  
After this the Queen went into the Hall of Hercules, where sitting under the cloth of state on a throne prepared for her, she saw the dancing, where there were above a hundred fair Ladies most nobly apparelled.  
The day following she went to see the Church of St. Dominique, 
She visits the Church & fine Convent of St. Dominique  and there reverenced his body, expressing a particular devotion to him, and an equal esteem to this ancient and very noble Order. Here at the Altar of the relics, she beheld the five books of Moses, written in Hebrew in thin leather by the Prophet Esdras, and her Majesty read some of the words. She desired then to see the public Schools, in which she heard an eloquent Oration in her honour, by the Abbot Certani, a person of great learning and virtue.  
The Duke of Modena hearing the Queen was arrived in Bologna, sent the Marqis Silvio Molza, a Cavalier of great spirit, and extraordinary parts, in the quality of his Ambassador to wait on the Queen, but it had no effect, they could not agree of the pretensions he had.  

The honours her Majesty received in Bologna.  Her Majesty stayed two days in Bologna, as she had done in Ferrara, and the second day went to Mass to St. Michael in the wood, without the gate of Saint Mamolo, the famous convent of the Fathers of mount Olivet, where her Majesty was much pleased in seeing that Cloister painted by the most renowned Painters of Bologna, Caracci and Reno, and in the Sacristy the Saint Michael of Brass, the excellent workmanship of Albargi. She visited likewise at her entrance into the Church, the body of blessed Katherine of Bologna, which is kept still by those all entire, palpable, and sitting without any help to hold it up.  
Her Majesty being returned to the Palace, the College of Bologna presented her with the works in ten Volumes of Doctor Aldrovandi which she very much esteemed.  
The same day the Queen dined in public with the Cardinal, 
She dines in public.  they observing the same order, as was held in Ferrara. Many Ladies came masked to see the feast, which was as sumptuous as can be imagined, for the Legates noble mind omitted not any thing, that was great and majestic. The chief Standard-bearer gave the napkin to her Majesty, and Count Francis Charles Caprara, nephew to Duke Piccolomini the General, was both Carver and Cupbearer, both persons of high worth.  
After dinner she visited the great College of Spain, founded long since by the famous Cardinal Gyles Albernozzi, and about three hours in the night, she went to the lodgings of the College, and thence to the Theatre.  
This was built for that purpose, in the form of a great ship, the extremities of which arrived to the frontispiece o'er the fishmarket, and o'er part of the Palace, through a great window of which, her Majesty accompanied by the Cardinal, passed o'er a bridge very splendidly adorned, where there were above 140 Ladies, all equally resplend●nt with the lustre of their beauty, and a rich mine of pearls, and of jewels, of inestimable value.  
The Theatre, which was covered, had certain great lights on the top, and above 300 torches were regularly distributed here and there round about it, together with other lesser lights, which made it most resplendent. The battlements of the Palace were decked with several Carpets, some of arras, and others of silk of divers colours.  
After the appearance of the Masters of the Camp, which were the Marquis Angelelli, and Count Edward Pepoli both Senators, they beheld a great guilded Chariot come forth, with 24 grooms apparelled in cloth of silver with torches in their hands, drawn by twelve horses most splendidly set out, on which sat clothed like Pallas, Felsina representing Bologna, for so it was called long since, when it was the royal City of Toscany. Somewhat lower stood Peace, Fame, and War, which interlaced the song of Felsina, who when she had walked up and down in the field, stood still before the Queen, to introduce the tilting. She singing then, said, to applaud so great a Majesty the Triumvirs who divided the World on the river Lavino, 
The manner of the said Tilting.  not far from Bologna, brought three squadrons of Cavaliers, which running at the Ring, and one against another, might show their respects to so deserving a Queen.  
Then Felsina was silent, and departing with her train, by the Masters of the Camp, three squadrons were brought in, the one lead by Octavus Augustus, the second by Lepidus, and the third by Marcus Antonius, each being composed of six Cavaliers, Trumpets, Pages, and Grooms going before with lighted torches in their hands: every one of them extravagantly attired, walked softly o'er the field, accompanied by two sticklers, and two Cavaliers all in armour for the tilting to follow of one against another. Their plumes, and the crests of their helmets were high, made of several precious feathers, which augmented the beauty and pomp of the show.  
The first squadron contained besides the two sticklers aforesaid, the Counts Luigi Bentivoglio, Marc' Antonio Sampieri, Hercules Malvezzi, Philip Maria Bentivoglio, the Marquis Hippolytus Bevilaqua, the Marquis Caesar Tanara, the Counts Lodovick Albergati, Anthony Orsi, and Alexander Fava, all Cavaliers of great valour and birth.  
In the second were the Counts Francis Charles Caprara, Constance Maria Zambeccari, Alphonsus, Ercolani, Jerome Caprara, Hercules Isolani, Anthony gabrieli, Anthony Joseph Zambeccari, Felix Montecuccoli, and Rinaldo Bovio, whose sticklers were the Counts John Baptist Alberti, and Hannibal Ranucci, persons of great merit and virtue.  
In the third were the Marquess' Andrew Paleotti and Guido Anthoni Lambertoni, the Counts Henry, Hercolani, and Francis Maria, Ghislieri, and the Gentlemen Octavius Casoli, john Baptist Sampieri, Alexander R●ffeni, Jerome Pini and Tabus Guidotti, whose sticklers were the Counts Vincent Marescotti, and Caesar Hannibal, Marsilli, and which Cavaliers were of the most noble and most eminent Families of that City.  
These three Spectators having severally reverenced the Queen, ran at the ring, breaking above 130. lances with a general acclamation of the people.  
This operation being ended, they began the encounter of two Cavaliers of each squadron; of the first were the Counts Lewis Bentivoglio and Marcus Antonius Sapieri, of the second the Counts Francis Charles Caprara, and Constance Maria Zambeccari, and of the third signior Octavius Casalo and Sigre Giollanni Battista Sampieri, every one of which ran five lances a piece with such courage and sprightliness, that all the spectators commended them extremely. After this all the the Squadrons reduced themselves into a semicircle, made low reverences to her Majesty, and gave her many thanks, for the honour she had done them with her presence, who seemed to be highly contented. In her Majesty's return to her lodgings, she passing that night through the public rooms of the Magistrates of the City, who are called the Regiment, saw ●he picture of Pollio done by the famous Painter Guido Reni of Bologna, with the picture of the Protectors of the City, which pleased her so much, she desired to see them again.  
The honours done her Majesty by the Legate, and all those Cavaliers, were very remarkable, as well for the order, as magnificence. The best wits of the City, omitted not to contribute abundantly to that entertainment. The Cardinal Legate discoursed very seriously with her Majesty, who seemed highly satisfied with him, and among other things represented to her, that in Rome, as a great City, and abounding with all Nations, she might see different persons, and given as well to virtue, as to vice, for as the first are apt to make use of the means, which they think will most advance their pretensions, so on the other side, the number is so great of the good, and exemplary in their holy operations, that her Majesty might have her mind disposed both for pity and edification.  
Bologna lies at the bottoms of the mountain Appenninus, 
The description of Bologna.  in the midst of the Emilian way, being of a form somewhat long, and almost like a ship. It hath twelve gates, which show how big it is. The river Savena runs on the side of it, and through the middle, a branch of Reno, navigable to Malalbergo about twenty miles distant from Ferrara, where afterwards it falls into the valley of St. Martina, which leads to Ferrara. The buildings are ample, commodious, and within more majestic then without. All the streets have spacious Portices, so as you may go through the City without being touched by the rain or the sun. 'tis full of a virtuous, splendid, and courteous Nobility, and abounds with all things, being rich and populus, with a territory as pleasant and fruitful, as any is in Italy: There is a most noble University, in which flourish eminent Persons in all kind of learning. 
The worthy qualities of the Bolognesis.  The Bolognesis are fit for any exercise, arms, letters, and commerce being there in great perfection. The gentry in particular is active, and continually gets renown in the exexcises of glory and honour. This so rich, so fine and so fortunate Country, 
The eminent condition of Cardinal Lomellino.  is governed at present by the foresaid Cardinal John Jerome Lomellino of the title of S. Onofrius, a gentleman of the noblest and most eminent Families of Genova, who having performed the Offices of Referendarius, of Clerk of the Chamber, Treasurer General, Governor of Rome, etc. was preferred to the purple on the 19 of February, 1652. a person expert in the mannagement of affairs, quick in the execution, and exemplary in justice and equity, loving greatly the virtuous, and hating extremely the vicious, insomuch as his just government hath providently been prorogued for three years more in that his Legation.  
On the 29. after Mass, 
She departs from Bologna.  and a sumptuous Collation, her Majesty departed from Bologna, accompanied and attended by the Cardinal Legate with the train of the Nobility and Soldiers to the confines of that Territory. Her Majesty continued her journey towards Imola, passing the rivers Indice and Savena, between Bologna and St. Nicholas, and between this and Imola, the Giano, Solerino, and Senio, by reason of the torrents which fall from Appenninus, and often want water, as they did that dry year. Near D●zza a Town appertaining to the Marquis Campeggi which is on the Confines of Imola, and consequently the beginning of the Province of Romagna, the Cardinal Acquaviva the Legate should have met her, 
She is met on the Confines by the Vice Legate Romagna.  but did not, he reserving himself to meet her at Forli the following evening, and the rather to fulfil his Holynesses mind, who would not defraud the Cardinals Donghi and Rossetti, of the honour of receiving her. He only sent thither my Lord Francis Cennini the Vicelegate, a Prelate of great spirit & civility; Nephew to Cardinal Connini of happy memory, who complemented her Majesty in his name, and caused the Troop of Curiassers of his guard to be there, which served for her guide through the Province. He caused there likewise to be ready a squadron of four thousand Soldiers, commanded by the Campmaster Capelletti, a Gentleman of courage, who in all the state of the Province observed the orders given him by the Cardinal aforesaid, causing each City to send two thousand men, which he formed into great squadrons, consisting of two thousand Soldiers, one after the other so the Confines of the Province. Besides that, the Vicelegate was accompanied by many Gentlemen of Romagna, and 300. chosen Horse, all in good order, as well for their clothes, as furniture and Arms. As soon as he had complemented the Queen in the name of the said Cardinal Acquaviva, the Legate of Romagna, he returned thence to Imola, leaving the care of her reception, to Cardinal John Stephen Donghi the Bishop of that City, who according to his instructions from Rome, 
She is met by Cardinal Donghi the Bishop of Imola.  went in Coach to meet her Majesty without the Town at our Lady's of Pradello, accompanied by many Gentlemen of the City: They came out of their Coaches, and complemented each other, in the manner observed by the Cardinals of Ferrara and Bologna. As soon as her Majesty was returned into her Coach, his Eminence went before to the City, to be ready to receive her: In the Plain without Imola were divers squadrons of foot, who continually with volleys of shot saluted her Majesty as she passed along. At the Gate she was received by the Magistrates, the chief of which were Count Francis Maria Sassatelli, Signior Thadeus Dalla Volpe, Signior Giovanni Battista Borghesi, and Captain Thomas Mazzi, who accompanied by many Gentlemen with fine Liveries, did their duties to her Majesty. The gates and streets abounded with Soldiers standing in ranks, but the old fashioned walls were uncapable of Artillery, and could not be armed: She alighted not at the Cathedral, as she had done in Ferrara and Bologna, because it was dark, so as she went directly to the Palace of the Bishop, her lodgings, the Frontispiece of which had abundance of Torches. The Cardinal received and accompanied her to her lodgings, 
Her reception in Imola.  as all the chief Lady's of the Country likewise did, who stood in ranks at the bottom of the stairs. The Furniture for the Chambers as well as the preparation for the Tables was sumptuous and rich, for the natural generosity of the Cardinal omitted not any thing becoming a regal entertainment. Her Majesty supped in public with the Cardinal, the same order in sitting, and ceremony at the table being observed, as at Ferrara, and Bologna. Count Alexander Sassatelli was her Majesty's Cupbearer, and Signior Thadius Dalla Volpe her Sewer. Besides, a great number of Persons well qualified, twelve Pages, the sons of the chief Gentlemen of the City, assisted at the table. The figures adorning the table, were so finely contrived, and with such mysterious Hieroglyphics, that the Queen looking earnestly upon them, nourished more her mind than her body. 
The eminent qualities of Cardinal Donghi.   
Cardinal Donghi was Clerk of the Chamber, and had other vacant Offices, on the tract of which he had a large field, to show his great parts, which with his deserts increased by his intense applications towards the service of the Apostolical Sea, in the stirs of the wars of Castro, preferred him to the purple. He is a Gentleman of great integrity and freeness, which he vigorously showed in the Legations of Ferrara and Romagna, administered by him with much praise and advantage to the good, and exemplary punishment of the bad. His mind is generous and free, and his intellect capable of the mannagement of the greatest affairs.  

She departs from Imola.  On St. Andrews day after Mass, the Queen went from Imola, attended and accompanied by the Cardinal aforesaid to the confines of the territory Faenza, 
And is met by the Governor of Faenza.  where she met with my Lord Castelli a horseback, a Gentleman of much worth, and Governor of the City, accompanied by many Gentlemen, and two troops of Horse. As soon as he had ended his compliment with the Queen, he road forward, insomuch as the Queen continuing diligently her journey in those ways which are plain and good, some miles without the City was met by Cardinal Charles Rossetti the Bishop of the Place, 
And afterwards by Cardinal Ross●tt● the Bishop of the place.  who with a fine livery of thirty groom's, and a train of many travailing Coaches, full of Gentry, alighting, as the Queen likewise did, made the usual compliment, being received with equal kindness and courtesy.  
Her Majesty approaching to the City, saw the neighbouring plain all covered with people, flocked thither to behold this great Princess, and with Soldiers in squadrons to honour her arrival; some Pieces of Artillery placed on the Walls, though slight, and without rampards, were discharged, and their roaring was seconded by the noise of the Drums, Trumpets, Mortar-pieces, and Muskets. All the streets of the City abounded with people in arms, and gay ornaments hanging from the window's and balcone. 
The honours d●ne her Majesty in Faenza.  At her entrance into the gate, she was reverenced by the public Magistrates, who on horseback, and with their robes of Velvet attended her Majesty to the Palace of the Bishop, designed for her lodging, and very richly furnished, with a double guard of Soldiers.  
The Queen alighting out of her Coach, in which she came alone, and received by the Cardinal; who hastened before her, ascended the stairs of the Palace, on the top of which she met the chief Ladies of the City, who after a short compliment waited on her to the lodgings prepared for her with all splendour and magnificence.  
While her Majesty reposed a little, with very good order, the quarters were assigned to all of her numerous train, by Gentlemen appointed for that function, who contended to show their punctuality. She afterwards coming forth of her lodgings, went thence to dinner very splendidly prepared, with such admirable, workmanship of Statues, representing Rome, the four parts of the world, the worldly Monarchy, and other carved things, gilt and coloured so to the life, that they only wanted motion. Her Majesty sat at the table with the Cardinal, in the manner observed before.  

She dines in public.  The Marquis Francis Rosseti, nephew to his Eminence, gave the water for her Majesty's hands, and the Marquis G●rolamo his Brorher presented the Napkin, and was Cupbearer. Count Laderchi, and Cavalier Pasi, both Knights of St. Stephen, were Sewers, receiving the meat from the hands of twelve Gentlemen that assisted at the table. At dinner her Majesty had continual discourse with the Cardinal, which was mixed with such a Carriage and gravity, that she swerving not at all from the State of a Queen, showed evidently, how much she was pleased with his Eminences behaviour, an Academy in the mean time being prepared, to entertain her Majesty in the exercises, which as more peculiar to her most refined understanding, might with a more relishing change, make her pass from the food of her body to the aliment of her mind.  
In this Academy, 
The virtuous preparations designed for her Majesty in Faenza.  besides the chief discourse made in praise of the Church of Rome, by father Zenobi the Domcan, a Person of great virtue, and parts, above 30. Compositions were to be recited by others, as well Ecclesiastical, as Secular, eminent in several languages, Latin, Spanish, Greek, low Dutch, and Italian, and amongst these, one in music, the fruit of the invention of the said Marquis Francis Rossetti, who with a rare fancy introducing music, silence, and poesy, to sing the Queen's glories, was no less harmonious to the ear, than delightful to the intellect, but it was not effected, for instead of abiding there that night, the Queen would continue her journey, so as she rising from the table, after a short stay in her Chamber, went to visit the Cathedral with a singular example of piety, which, though it might well appear naked, even in the fight of so great a Princess, in being the design of the famous Architect Bramante, yet was all adorned with silk, with such a rare mixture of colours, that it clearly showed its joy, in receiving within the compass of its walls, whom the vastness of a Kingdom was not able to contain.  

The Description of Faenza,  Faenza is an ancient and noble City, fortified with walls, and towers, and seated in the middle of most fertile Plains, famous for the art, peculiar to itself, of making most white, and light vases of earth. 'Tis divided by the river Lamone, which passing through the suburbs, and the town, leaves them afterwards united with a fair bridge of stone, and two towers on the Emilian way. The air is very healthful, the inhabitants industrious, civil, and lovers of their Country, and the Gentry Courteous, punctual, and very generous.  
The Queen coming out of the Cathedral, went again into his Holinesses Coach, carrying with her the Cardinal to the confines of that Territory, towards which she advanced in pursuance of her journey, about two hours before night, having left imprinted in the minds of each one, high conceits of her most excellent qualities.  
The Queen seemed highly pleased with this Cardinal, who had, besides his learning, and knowledge, in the affairs of the world, all the prerogatives peculiar to a Gentleman well bred. He is of Ferrara, 
The qualities of Cardinal Rossetti.  of the ancient and noble family of the Counts Rossetti, now Marquess', who abounding more in virtue, than years, by the glorious Pope Vrban the eighth, the lover of the learned, and virtuous, was sent as an Apostolical Minister into the Kingdom of England to that Queen. There he did all he could for the advantage, and good of the Catholic Religion, and ran there great dangers in those persecutions, as more plainly may appear by a letter to him of the 13th. of July, 1643. from his Eminence Cardinal Francis Barberino, nephew to urban, in order to his preferment, of the following tenor.  
The troubles of our Country, and of Christendom will have a short truce, that I among so many disgusts, may have some time to breath, seeing your Eminences great labours rewarded with the Purple, God be pleased with the tranquillity of Italy, to open to the way, that by your continual pains, he may grant the same to all of the Catholic Religion, and that by your endeavours, your toilings, and dangers, not unknown to the world, it may again flourish in the land of great Britain, to the end this dignity deserved so well by you, may not be deprived of the happy effects your Eminence hath desired, and cooperated on your part for the public good. And I humbly Kiss your hands, etc.  
Your Eminences most humble and most affectionate Servant. Cardinal Barberino.  
The end of the fourth Book.   

The History of the sacred, and Royal Majesty of Christina Alessandra, Queen of Swedland, etc. The Fifth Book.  
The Argument.  
THE Queen advances from Faenza to Forli, Cesena, and Rimini, accompanied by the foresaid Cardinal Legate of Romagna. On the confines of the state of Urbino, She is met by that Vicelegate, and Cardinal Legate, and enters Pesaro, where she is treated, and royally entertained. She passes from Fano, and Ancona. She arrives at the holy house of Loretto, and consecrates devoutly her Sceptre, and Crown to that glorious Virgin. She goes to Macerata, thence to Tolentino, and afterwards to Camerino. She comes to Foligno, goes to Assisi, there visits the famous temple of Saint Francis, and is splendidly entertained by Cardinal Rondinino, then returns to Foligno.  
THe foresaid Cardinal Rossettti taking leave of the Queen, Signior Fulvius Petrocci da Arieti, Governor of Forli, appeared with a numerous retinue of Gentlemen of Romagna, come expressly with excessive rich clothes, and fine liveries, to honour their Legate, and augment the splendour of this Princess' reception. The foresaid Prelate, when he had humbly waited on her Majesty, being very well satisfied with the courteous correspondence he found in the Queen, 
The meeting she had in Forli.  went before to Forli, whence advancing some miles, the said Legate with the train, not only of six Coaches of his own full of Gentlemen of his family, with which he waited on her in all his Legation, but likewise came with 25 more with 6 horse's apeice, set forth by the Gentlemen of the Province, who flocked to attend him in her first reception.  
The gate without and within, as likewise the walls, though weak in that City, were garnished with soldiers, partly divided into squadrons, and partly ranked in files.  
The Magistrate, there called il numero, met her at the entrance with a troop of the City, and having presented her with their dutiful respects, waited on her to the place, very regularly beautified with lights. The Ornament of the fire, with which was represented the Majesty of so great a Princess, by so much the more spread its light with greater splendour, by how much the more the night was the darker.  
Hieroglyphics disposed in various manners, were seen there to flame, 
The honours done her in Forli.  alluding to the joy of the people for her fortunate arrival. The Queen being entered her lodgings, and breathing there a little, was invited to honour an Academy with her presence, in which several compositions in Italian and Latin were recited, among which took greatly a discourse, made by Signior Ridolfus his Eminences Nephew, and an Ode of Pindarus by Signior Lodovick Tingoli, a Person as conspicuous for his birth, as famous for the virtuous, and rare qualities of his mind, and who is indeed the chief ornament of Rimini his Country, with other Compositions of the most esteemed Poets of the Province. Her Majesty supped privately, and having the next morning heard Mass in the Dome, dined in public with the said Cardinal Legate, with the order observed in other places. The foresaid Signior Ridolphus was her Cupbearer, & the Governor's brother the Sewer, twelve principal Gentlemen of the City, assisting at the service of the table. The Town is seated in an open Country very fertile and pleasant, & inhabited by people of Courage and Spirit, who retain the martial nature of their first founders.  
After dinner her Majesty departed from Forli, 
She depart, from Forli  carrying with her in his Holinesses Coach, the Cardinal Legat, being attended by all the train. She passed the famous Rubicon, but with greater glory than Caesar, since he advanced thither, to seize on the liberty of his Country, and she after the renouncing of her paternal Kingdom, came thither to arrive to the Empire of Christ.  
Her Majesty continued her journey towards Cesena, passing through Forlimpopoli, a little Town, where her Majesty was welcomed by the squadrons of foot, being received between the soldiers standing in rows through all the Country as she went.  
In approaching to Cesena she found set in array divers Batalions of foot, 
Her reception in Cesena.  & was met by Signior Richard Hannibal Romano the Governor, accompanied with many Gentlemen a horseback, who alighting did compliment the Queen, and congratulate her arrival. The same thing was done by the chief Standard-bearer, Count Joseph Fantaguzzi, with the Magistrate, who all road together before her to her lodging, prepared in the palace of Count Lelius Roverelli, a noble, ancient family, and chief of that City, where some Gentlemen in armour tilted one against another in the place. Here her Majesty supped privately, and because it was late, went to her repose without other entertainment.  

The description of Cesena.  Cesena is one of the chiefest Cities in Romagna, of very great commerce, and populous enough in regard of its bigness. It lies at the foot of a mountain, the lower part of which is washed by the river Savius. It hath a Castle on the hill, with some fair and strong old fashion towers▪ built long ago by the Emperor Frederick the Second.  

Her departure from Cesena.  On the 2. of December the Queen went out of Cesena on horseback, accompanied by the Legate, who was likewise mounted on a Neapolitan courser of an Ermine colour, which being observed by the Queen for his goodness, and she seeming to like him extremely, was presented her by him. He had likewise given her in Forli two globes of silver, the one representing the earth, and the other the sphere, most diligently engraven, and supported by two statues of silver, done by Algarbi, of great value. My Lord Joseph Bologna, a Neapolitan Cavalier, and the generous Governor of Rimini, 
She is met by the Governor of Rimini.  came out with a numerous Company of Gentlemen very richly apparelled, and well mounted, before whom went 400. Soldiers on horseback, and presented his respects on the confines. She entering the City on horseback, was met with the Magistrate at the gate, accompanied by many Gentlemen with fine liveries. Doctor Hannibal Nanni the Principal Person, did Compliment her Majesty, and in every place about them, they saw squadrons and ranks of Soldiers, with whom all the walls did abound, as likewise the streets, through which she passed, werehung with rich tapestries.  
The Queen traversed the City on horseback, 
She enters Rimini on horseback.  and alighted at the public Palace prepared for her in the great Piazza, which was beautified and illuminated with fine artificial fireworks, succeeding with great wonder and praise. At the gate of the Palace stood twelve Pages nobly clothed, and with Torches in their hands. Her Majesty ascended the stairs, accompanied by the Legate to her lodgings. A numerous company of fair and sprightly Ladies very finely adorned, complemented her Majesty at the top of the stairs, and a little while after made a very solemn music, with regular and fine dances. 
The virtuous entertainments she had in Rimini.  A fine Academy was held likewise there, and among the variety of compositions, Signior Philip Marchesselli, and Signior Lodowick Tingoli aforesaid, made their fruitful wit appear. The Queen with Majestic gravity, and sweet affability, was highly pleased with every thing. Her Majesty supped privately, and retiring to her rest, left the night to enjoy the splendour of the lights, and the bonfires that beautiful City had kindled in Testimony of their joy.  
This City is ancient, 
The description of Rimini.  though now not very great. Towards the Sea some remains of a great Theatre may be seen, which was there long ago. Towards the gate that goes to Pesaro, stands an arch of marble erected in honour of Augustus Caesar, and without the said gate is the river Arimino now called the Marecchia, o'er which is a Bridge 200. paces long, & fifteen broad, with five arches, the sides of which are of thick marble-stones of Doric work, which joined the City to the Borough, built in honour of Octavian Augustus. There are likewise some marks of the old Port, now only of use for little Boats, the greatest part thereof being filled up with earth. The said City is adorned with commodious Fabrics, among which appear nobly some Palaces built by the family of Malatista, who swayed there many years, and the Church of St. Francis, all of marble within and without with noble statues, embossed works, and infinite cuts of Greek marble, built by Sigismond Pandolphus of the said Family of Malatista, many other noble Families do likewise there conserve their ancient splendour.  
The place of this City is remarkable now, with a very fair remembrance of her Majesty's passage, erected in marble, with the Arms of Pope Alexander the 7. and the Queens, by Doctor Angelino Angel●ni of the following tenor. In the reign of Pope Alexander the seventh, Christina Queen of Swedland, embracing the Catholic Religion of her own accord, and divesting herself of her Kingdoms, in her journey to Rome, to yield obedience to the Pope, passed through Rimini, in the year of our Lord, 1655 in the month of December, in perpetual memory of the thing, Angelinus de Angelinis I. C. Arim.  

Her departure from Rimini.  The next morning, though it reigned, her Majesty departed from Rimini, accompanied, as she always had been, by the Cardinal Legate to Cattolica, a place on the confines, between Romagna, and the Dukedom of Urbin, where she stayed, and here the said Cardinal gave her Majesty a collation of sweet meats, and took leave of her, who left him highly satisfied of her courteous acceptance.  
Cardinal Acquaviva is of very noble birth, and one of the chief families in Naples, who as he is composed of honour, and a sweet disposition, so abounds with all courtesy, 
The worthy qualities of Cardinal Acquaviva Legate of Romagna.  and generosity. After several Prelatical dignities, and Governments performed with much praise, he was worthily advanced to the purple on the 2. of March. 1654.  
The Queen was met at Cattolica by my Lord Gaspan Lascari, 
She was met by my Lord the vice-Legal of Pesaro.  a Gentleman of Nizza, full of honour and courtesy, nephew to the great Master of Malta, & vice-Legat of Urbino. He appeared attended by a Company of Curiassers, commanded by Count Alphonsus Santinelli, the Principal Cavalier of the City of Pesaro, who afterwards waited on her through all that state. Here a good body of soldiers reduced into order, gave her Majesty many voleys of shot in her passage.  
From hence she advancing to Salicata, 
And afterwards by Cardinal Homodei.  was met by his Eminence Cardinal Lewis Homodei of Milan, the Legate of Urbino, with 12. Coaches with 6. Horses a piece, full of principal Gentlemen, fifty Swissers afoot of his guard, and above a hundred eminent Gentlemen a horseback, with rich and splendid clothes, & fine liveries. Among these were Count Hannibal Thiene a Cavalier of Vienna, Count Hippolytus Santinelli Cousin to the said Count Alphonsus, the Counts Francis Maria, and Lodovick Santinelli, brothers, and in fine the Counts Bernardino Ubard●ni, Francis Maria Lunardi, & Luti●, as likewise Signior Francis Maria Bonamini, all persons very nobly descended, sprightly, generous, and lively.  
The Cardinal alighting out of his Coach, did compliment her Majesty, who likewise coming out of her own, received him with great courtesy, and affection. Every one returning to their Coaches, they continued their journey towards the City.  
At the gate they found Signior Giulius Caesar Vattielli, 
Her reception in Pesaro.  and john Andrew Olivieri Gentlemen of good grace, and both chief Standard-bearers, with six other Seniors of the Magistrates, who came on horseback in their usual long robes of black velvet like Consuls, accompanied by twenty Gentlemen clothed likewise very honourably in black, with 4 trumpets, and 24. Grooms with very fine liveries of Carnation Cloth, trimmed with great guards of white velvet. When the Queen approached, they alighted from their horses, advanced to the Coach, and complemented her Majesty, who stood up, and answered them very courteously. The Queen entered into Pesaro about the evening, and welcomed with many volleys of Ordnance and Muskets, alighted at the Dome, where the Legate expected her, who in haste went the shortest way before her.  
She descended at the chains before the Church, and Kneeling on a cushion prepared for her, Kissed reverently the Cross presented to her by the Bishop, and thence went into the Church, under a Canopy carried by the principal Gentlemen of the City, while the clergy, that went before, began the usual Anthem, She is beautiful etc. Which ended, the Musicians sang Te Deum with a very rare consort of voices and instruments, which her Majesty heard kneeling, near whom on a great Cushion the Cardinal Legate was kneeling, and a little more distant from him, the four Nuntij and Spanish Ambassador. When the Te Deum was ended, the Cardinal descended the steps of the Altar, and gave the solemn blessing, after which the Legate putting off his cope waited on the Queen, leading her by the arm to her chair, in which she was carried to the Palace, his Eminence with the Nuntij aforesaid going before her in his Coach.  
At the stairs stood eight Pages with lighted torches, and on the top at the entrance into the hall, a very fair Company of the principal Ladies met, and paid their respects to her Majesty who encompassing her, did reverence, and attend her to her lodgings, whither the Cardinal conducted them, who taking his leave, she was left to her repose.  
In the mean time the artificial fireworks began to Play in the Piazza, which with admirable order, was light all the night, and the streets too abounded with lights.  
The same evening the Gentlemen and Ladies had a ball in the Queen's Chamber, where the foresaid Counts Francis Maria, and Lodowick Santinelli Brothers, danced a galliard with the Lady Mary Camilla Disploratatii, but because they danced with their Cloaks, and their swords, the Queen desired them, for her greater satisfaction, to lay them aside, to the end she might the better observe them, which accordingly they did, & danced a galliard, which so pleased her Majesty, that she seemed desirous to see them Dance the Canaries, so as they with the Lady Emilia Vrbani, performed it smoothly, and with admirable grace.  
Before they began the said ball, the Cardinal Legate presented to the Queen (to whom it was dedicated) a Printed book of several verses composed by Count Francis Maria Santinelli, the greatest part of which were in praise of her Majesty, who was much taken with it, and kindly accepted it, commending it as the birth of a great spirit, and eminent wit, as it generally was held:  
Her Majesty supped afterwards privately in her Chamber, where she heard most rare consorts of instruments, among which was a violin, and arch-lute, which delighted her extremely, whereupon she received one of them into her service, called Anthony Maria Ciacchi of Sienna.  
The next Morning she went to the Monastery of St. Catharine, & heard Mass in that Church, where she heard the rare Music of those Nuns, two of which are reputed very exquisite. The went afterwards into the Monastery, to the great consolation, and extraordinary content of the Nuns, who could not praise enough her Majesty's affability and courtesy.  
That day she dined in public with the Cardinal, 
She dines in public.  sitting under a cloth of State, & in the same manner they had used in other places, Count Francis Maria Santinelli was her Sewer of honour, after the fashion of Germany, as the Prince of St. Gregory had been in Ferrara, and Count Bernardin Ubaldini her Cupbearer. Count Hannibal Thiene presented her the napkin, and Signior Francisco Maria Bonamini changed her plates.  
After dinner her Majesty took pleasure in beholding a Spanish Ciaeona, which was danced with a grace, agility, and incomparable dexterity, by Count Lodowick Santinelli, and she was likewise pleased to like certain Plays, called the forces of Hercules, performed by some persons most nimbly and handsomely. Having afterwards been abroad to see some other Churches, and Monasteryes of Nuns, in her return to the Palace, she was introduced to behold some Academical and Comical representations, the extravagancy and novelty of which pleased wonderfully the Genius and gust of her Majesty, 
Her Majesty is highly satisfied with the demonstrations she received in Pesaro.  so as 'tis no wonder, this Princess said afterwards in public at Rome, that of all the great honours she received in the places where she passed, none arrived to the excess of her satisfaction, but those that were done her in Pesaro,  
All the compositions were the fruits of the wit, and the Pen of the foresaid Count Francisco Maria Santinelli, a Cavalier, as conspicuous for his ancient Nobility, as esteemed for the vivacity of his spirit and rare parts.  
These actions were ended about seven hours in the night, at what time her Majesty supped privately, and went to her rest. On the following morning the fifth of the month, the Queen, with her accustomed civility, honoured the Nuns of St. Mary Magdalen with her presence, hearing Mass in their Church, and the excellent Music they made her. 
She departs from Pesaro highly satisfied with the honours she received.  After dinner she departed to Sinigaglia, attended by the Cardinal in Coach, with the same train of Coaches, Gentlemen on horseback, and guards of the Swissers, the foot Soldiers standing within, and without the City in squadrons and files, and discharging from the walls many Canon, Morter-pieces, and Muskets, as they had done at her Majesty's entrance.  
Pesaro is a noble City, populous, 
The description of Pesaro.  full of Traffic, and abounding with Gentlemen of great worth and civility. 'Tis seated on the Sea in a cheerful Situation, and very pleasant Prospect, all in a plain, and for many miles severed from the Hills and the Mountains. The walls are good, with rampards and strong Bulwarks, besides a fine rock built by Giovanni Sforza long since, who at other times was Master of the Place. The Port though decayed, is of use to little Boats carrying Merchandise to Venice and other parts. This City was last of all possessed by the noble Family of Rovere, but it failing in our days of male issue, returned to the Church, as feudatory to it. Here for 9 months in the year the Dukes used to dwell, who had for that purpose built a Palace truly royal.  
The Queen took the way of Fano, on the Confines of which she found my Lord Bargellini of Bologna, a Person of great worth, and Governor of the City, accompanied by Signior Luigi Rixadducci, and Count Hannibal Montevecchio the principal Gentlemen. The other stayed behind to wait on the Magistrates, of which Signior Scipio Forastieri was chief, and the Prior Alexander Castracani, and Cavalier Peter Soldati.  
To receive her with more honour, a Gate walled up, was opened, and beautified with several Ornaments, and among other things, they saw under his Holynesses arms, the following inscription.  D. T. V. 
His Holiness Alexander the seventh ruling. P. O. M. Peter Bargellinus the Governor in the year 1655. that Chr●stina Queen of Swedland in her passage through the City, might have a nobler entrance, caused the Gate to be opened for her Majesty's reception.  
Here she was received by the Magistrates, accompanied by a noble and numerous train, and attended to the Palace of the Governor, where the Coaches standing round in the Court, her Majesty not alighting, rare sweet meats were presented her in many silver Basins, of which she tasting some, gave two Basins to Count Hannibal Thiene, giving order the rest should be distributed among the Cavaliers that accompanied her.  
Fano is a little City encompassed with strong walls, partly antique, 
The description of Fano.  and partly modern towards the Seas, with a Bulwark erected by Pope Julius the third in a plain Situation on the shore, famous for the Temple of Fortune, who there was adored, and for the remains of the Arch of Augustus. Not far off runs the river Metaurus, and there are yet the relics of some memorable places for the accidents occurred in times past.  
There Asdrubal the brother of Hannibal of Carthage was killed, and Totila King of the Goths overcome, and wounded by Narsetes, dying afterwards in the Mountains of Appenninus near the Fountains, where the noble river Tiber hath its source. This City abounds with a sprightly Nobility, and very fair structures, and here the two Countesses Martinozzi, were borne, nieces to his Eminence Cardinal Mazarine, Ann and Mary the wife of his Highness' Prince Armand of Conty of the royal blood of France, and Laura married to the Prince of Este eldest Son to the Duke of Modena. The Family of Mart●nozzi is ancient and noble, having formerly been one of the four noble Families of Sienna, renowned in history, as it hath likewise been for the space of 300. years esteemed the principal in Fano. 'Tis evident in writings, and public inscriptions in marble seen by me, that in the year 1364. Julius Martonozzi as chief of his Country, accompanied in the name of the public to Rimini, the Nephew of the Emperor of Constantinople, as it likewise more particularly appears in the proofs of nobility made by Vincent Rinalducci of that City, a Cavalier of Malta, allied to the said Family of Martinozzi in the person of Laura, sister to Count Vincent Martonozzi, Grandfather on the Father's side to the said Princesses, and Grandmother to the said Cavalier.  
The Queen leaving Fano, and saluted by the Canon, Mortar-pieces, and Muskets, and reveren●▪ t by all the Militia, continued her journey towards Sinigaglia, where she arrived after the setting of the Sun, in such rainy and windy weather, that in hindered the volley's of Shot for her welcome to the City. whose Gates, Walls and Streets abounded with arms. She went directly to the Palace of the Signior Bavieri, the principal Gentlemen there prepared for her lodgings, the train being quartered in other neighbouring houses. Here she was met by the Ladies of the City, among whom was a Niece of his Eminence Cardinal Chembini, who being unable to wait on her Majesty, by reason he was sick in Montalbotto his Country, gave seasonable orders for accommodating that lodging. Here besides the bonfires and lights, which that evening were seen for her Majesty's entertainment, a ridiculous short Comedy was acted in her Chamber by the Count Francis Maria Santinelli and Lodowick his Brother, which was ordered in one night by Count Francis Maria, for the pleasure of her Majesty who seemed desirous of it.  
After the Comedy she likewise desired to see the agility of these two Cavaliers, which they showed in vaulting, and their skilfulness in fencing insomuch that as virtue accompanied with nobility, not only disposes, but forces the minds of great Personages to affection, so this Princess with her generosity, and refined understanding, reflected on these gentlemen's qualities, and abilities to serve her. Having therefore had full information by the Cardinal, of the ancient nobility of their Family, in which in each age, they have had men of eminent valour, as Count Sforza Santinelli, Kt. of Michael under Charles the 8. King of France, which was then the first order, and Count Julius Caesar Santinelli great Prior of M●ssi●a for the noble Knights of Malta: she first by Holstenius and afterwards by the Ambassador Pimentel, desired them to serve her, whereupon they glorying in the honour of her Majesty's service, showed a readiness to obey her, & a little while after overtook her in her journey.  
Sinigaglia is a City of small compass, but fortified with strong Bulwarks, ditches and breast-works on the side towards Fano having a channel which divides it, and serves for a haven to little barks. It hath likewise an old rock towards the Sea, fortified with thick and strong Towers for its greater security.  
The Queen departing hence in her Coach with the Cardinal Legate, and attended by all the foresaid train, arrived at the Confines of the legation, where she found Signior Giorgi of Fano, master of the Camp of Pesaro, with a very good body of foot in array, who welcomed her Majesty with a very fair volley of shot, where she thanked the said Legate for her noble entertainment, declareing herself highly satisfied with him.  

The remarkable qualities of Cardinal Homodei.  We may truly say, this Cardinal is the Idea of valour and goodness itself. He is of a jovial presence, of a noble behaviour, most courteous and sincere, and justly reputed for his wisdom, prudence and experience in business, very capable of any great employment. He is called by the title of St. Alexius, was Clerk, and Deane of the Chamber, had many offices under Pope Urbane, and in that of Commissary General of the Army in the Ecclesiastical state, gave great testimony of his zeal and his valour. In the Reign of Pope Innocent, he exercised his qualities with that virtue and freeness, that compassing the ends of his great undertake; without suffering a sword to be drawn, he deservedly was preferred to the purple oh the 19 of February, 1652. This eminent dignity hath illustrated his Person, but he with his candid behaviour, hath very well answered its greatness. In his Legation of Urbino, he acted entirely the parts of a good Prince. He every where hath scattered the treasures of his generosity, and being Protector of the Church of St. Charles in the place called the Course, hath been at great charge in beautifying and adorning it most splendidly.  
Between the burnt houses, and Flumicino, the Confines of the marches with the state of Urbino, they met with the Marquis Tassoni, Governor of that Province, a Cavalier of Ferrara of tried valour, who had with him many Officers of War, and Gentlemen his friends richly clothed, together with a troop of horse for his guard, whose soldiers, besides being very well armed & mounted, had Cassocks with four wings of fine blue cloth, with four white Crosses hemmed with Goldlace.  
Here likewise they found my Lord Francis Lucini of Milan, 
Her Majesty's reception by the Governor of Ancona.  the Governor of Ancona, with a train of many Gentlemen a horseback, with suitable rich clothes. Both the one and the other alighting with the Gentlemen their Comrades did their duties to the Queen, Lucini was received into the Coach of the Nuntii, and the Marquis road before towards the City. As the Queen passed along, she was welcomed by a body of four thousand foot, set in array by the Marquis aforesaid, with five troops of horse flancking them in a fine and martial manner. The rock of Flumicino saluted her Majesty with many tires of Mortar-pieces, Captain Anthony Fasat with a troop of horse of the City of Ancona, and Captain Magagnini with the troop of Jest preceding all the train.  
The Queen arriving at the Gate, the artillery of the fortress, and the walls of the City began to be discharged, which continued till her Majesty was alighted at the Palace.  
The Magistrates on horseback met her at the Gate, and complemented her Majesty in their black Velvet Gowns, & with their foot clothes of the same richly trimmed with Gold, being followed by a train of many Gentlemen on horseback, with twelve Pages all Gentlemen of Ancona very finely adorned, and 24. Grooms in the livery of the City, and twelve other Footmen in several liveries of the Magistrates, and three Trumpets.  
The Magistrates at that time were Count john Baptist Ferretti, 
Her reception in Ancona.  Signior Tomaso Tomasi, Bela●dino Galli Knight of James, Signior Flamineo Scalamonte, Captain Jerome Bompiari, and Signior Vincent Balestrieri both Commenders of the order of St. Stephen. All these alighting from their horses, in the name of the City did compliment her Majesty, the said Count Feretti speaking to her as their Prior. The Queen standing up received their compliment, with her usual and Majestic Civility.  
The twelve Pages were left with her Majesty's Coach to attend her, the Magistrates remounting, and continuing their journey towards the Apostolical Palace. The soldiers stood in ranks along the streets, and the houses were adorned with fine tapestries.  
Being come to the Palace, she found in the first hall near the gate, the Principal Ladies of the City, standing in a stately circle, who handsomely paid her their respects, waiting on her to the door of her Chamber, whom her Majesty received, and treated with all Kindness, and affability.  
Having stayed a little while in her Chamber, it wanting then an hour to night, she resolved to go see the famous Arch of Trajan the Emperor, all wrought with fine Marble. The Senate and People of Rome erected it in honour of him, of Plotina his wife, and Martiana his Sister, who were held in veneration as Deities in that time, as by the inscriptions read there, may be gathered.  
Her Majesty went thither in a Chair, attended by the Nuntii, and the Governor in Coach, with others of quality. She was welcomed with many tires of artillery from Rivellino, which is in the mouth of the Haven, from the Ships and other Parts towards the Sea. In her Majesty's return she observed two Arches of the Apostolical Palace, to wit, the first towards the place repolisht of late, and with an old inscription which said.  'Tis made Celestial, while the Princely Sun beholds the Arch. 
And two great Arms, one of the Pope now reigning, and the other of the Queen with the Motto in the midst of them.  The Star's and Wind favouring. 
In the second they read.  
The immortal virtue of Christina Queen of Swedland raises me to a veneration of her Majesty.  
This Arch of stone reduced into the form of marble of Verona, was on the superficies of the Pillars, Bases, Chapiters', and great medals wrought in Gold, and upon it were erected the arms of her Majesty between two great statues, one representing the heroical virtue, and the other liberality, and under that was written. By yielding she o'ercomes, by flying quells her enemies. And under the other, By parting with her Kingdom, she her Empire hath extended. And over the arms in a great thick Pasteboard, By going it increases.  
That evening about an hour in the night, all the Piazze, and streets being resplendent with the fires and the lights, her Majesty went from her lodgings, to those that looked into the Piazza. There near the stairs stood a painted machine of wood 36. hands breadths high, which with six Mountains, a star, and two Oaks, represented the arms of his Holiness. At the foot of these Mountains was the Tiber, which under one hand held a great arms, out of which instead of water, it actually cast wine, with the other supporting the arms of the Queen, on which a Lion leaned. On the one side there was a Virgin, which had recourse to the Tiber, and on the other a statue, which sustaining in her hand Trajan's Arch, represented the City of Ancona, this Motto being at the foot of the Virgin, I return safe. This machine was full of fireworks, which took very handsomely.  

The compositions made in Ancona. in honour of her Majesty.  Many compositions were made in honour of her Majesty, among which were certain verses of Count Paul Ferretti a Cavalier of much virtue, and of an ancient Family and Noble, he descending from Ulderick Ferretti Lord of the County of Ferretta, above Basil towards the County of Burgundy, who had a daughter married to Albert the second Duke of Austria.  
The Queen afterwards supped in public in the room before the Chapel, with the Nuntii and Spanish Ambassador, they taking place of him. Signior Stefano Renincasa presented the water for her hands, and the Marquis Francis Tassoni the napkin. The Commender Alexander Fanelli was Sewer, and Cavalier Caesar Nappi her Cupbearer, and every time her Majesty drank, the signs being given before, the Canon of the Fortress were discharged.  
My Lord Lewis Gallo Bishop of Ancona, the principal Cavalier of Osimo a person of tried prudence in the charges and mannagement of affairs, sustained by him for the holy Sea, supposing the Queen, in order to his instructions from Rome, should quickly have come to his Cathedral, which is the Church of St. Ciriack, seated on one of those Promontoryes, caused it to be hung with rich Tapistrye, and caused too the Altars to be decked with the preciousest Ornaments. But he could not have that honour, for the said Church being far off from the Palace, and on a craggy Mountain, the Queen went not thither, but instead of going thither, the day following, when she had heard Mass in the Chapel of the Palace, she seeming desirous to see the famous Relics kept there, the Nuntii by the Pope's authority, gave order that to the said Chapel of the Palace, two Canons should bring them with assistance of other Gentlemen, and one was the tip of the iron of the lance, which opened the side of our Lord Jesus Christ, left in Ancona by the Ambassador of Bajazet the Emperor of the Turks in the year 1492, when he passed through that place towards Rome, where he gave to Innocent the eighth the head of the spear of the same iron, the other the right foot of St. Anne the Mother of the most glorious Virgin Mary, with the flesh and the bones, given likewise to the said City by the Patriarch of Constantinople Paul Paleolgus in the year 1380. the Queen kneeled before them, and kissed them with great devotion. My lord Holstenius, who as Canon of the Church of St. Peter had many times handled the relic of the said head of the spear, not only assured her Majesty 'twas true, but likewise affirmed the colour of the rust was the same, as also Pope Clement the eighth passing through Ancona towards Ferrara, had that of Ancona confronted with the other of Rome.  

The Bishop of Ancona visits her Majesty.  This function being ended, the Bishop went to wait on her Majesty, who received him most courteously. After breakfast she continued her journey towards Loretto, accompanied by the said Governor with all the retinue to the bridge of Arciato the Confines of Ancona. The Magistrates waited not upon her, as at her arrival, because the Master of the Ceremonies told them 'twas not necessary.  
At her going away she was saluted by all the Artillery, and departed highly satisfied with her reception, and the honours done her by that noble City.  
Ancona is seated on the side of a Mountain which extending itself into the Sea, 
The description of Ancona.  makes a kind of Amphitheatre. It hath a great Haven, and defended as well from the South-east-winds, as exposed to the Northern, at the head of which is a Ravelin founded in the Sea, within which there is the space of above a thousand feet, and the way thither is under the said Arch of Trajan  
This City is fortified with strong walls, which are very well flanked, and a Castle well built, which seated on the Mountain, commands the haven. The houses and streets are somewhat narrow, but of very good architecture, and industriously ordered, which make it fine and beautiful. The Citizens are courteous and kind, particularly to Strangers, the commodity of the Sea bringing thither good traffic, and all sorts of merchandise.  
The Queen was met on the confines by my Lord Gentile the Governor of Loretto, 
My Lord Gentile Governor of Loretto meets the Queen.  who when he had complemented the Queen in his Holynesses name, returned thence diligently, to receive her at the gate of the City: As soon as the Queen had discovered the top of the holy house, she alighting out of her litter, and kneeling, with very great devotion, kissed often the ground, then returned into her litter, 
The devotion of her Majesty towards the holy house  going on to the bending of the Mountain, where afterwards she alighted again, and walked to the Church.  
The Queen arriving at the Gate of the City, was received by the said Governor and the Magistrates, all the Artillery being discharged from the walls, and the Muskets which were all in rows in the streets. At the gate of the Church she was after the usual manner received by the Chapter, the Clergy and Bishop, 
Her arrival at Loretto.  where her Majesty remained about half an hour, praying with great humility, and afterwards went to the Palace, where having supped privately, she retired to her repose.  
On the 8. of December in the morning she arising betimes went to Confession, and heard Mass, being afterwards present at high Mass, sung at the high Altar with exquisite music. As soon as it was ended, 
The Queen makes a present of her Sceptre and Crown at Loretto.  she presented at the feet of the holy Image a Crown and royal Sceptre empailed with Jewels of great value.  
This Princess could not perform the vows of her Christian generosity, with more proper, and more significant representations. 'Twas fit, that if she, be sure of the true and weighty Kingdom of Heaven, had renounced those on Earth, should leave a rare remembrance of it in those tokens of royalty, of which she had divested herself. And since she had done all for Christ's sake, it was likewise necessary, she should leave to his mother, a dear and precious memory of it.  
After this she returned to her lodgings, and dined in public, to satisfy the curiosity of the people, flocked thither in great throngs out of the Mark, and the neighbouring Countries. Count Ferretti of Ancona presented the water for her hands, and the Lord Bernard Spada, Cardinal Spadas nephew, the napkin. Count Bonarelli of Ancona was her Sewer, and Signior Urbane Rocci, Nephew to Cardinal Rocci deceased, her Cupbearer.  

Don Antonia della Cueva arrived at Loretto.  After dinner Don Antonia della Cueva, with the Lady his wife, arrived there, who as we said before stayed behind in Ussulengo, by reason of her sickness, being seen by the Queen with a joy, and content, correspondent to the love she bore them Her Majesty went afterwards to the Sacristy, where she admired the treasure kept there of the rich Presents made to that house by the religious Piety of several Princes, and Gentlemen. As she passed by the great cupboard, in which were the Sceptre and Crown presented by her, 'twas opened for her to behold them, but with her usual generous modesty, she desired it might be shut, she saying those trifles were unworthy to be seen. When she had seen the treasure, and the rest of the curious things there, she returned thence to her lodgings, where she was entertained with Music, and the Conversation of the Nuntij, supping privately afterwards.  
The content, joy and tenderness, which her Majesty felt in that Sanctuary, are incapable of expression. These are gifts reserved by Heaven, to let us understand, that God alone with his gracious mercies can give us in this world, a taste, though it be little, of the sweetness, he instills into a soul enamoured of him. In the mean time his Holiness had received the letter, she had written from Inspruch, as was said before, so as it being afterwards seconded, with the news of the Acts of Piety, performed in that place by the Queen, his Beatitude was very much edified with those demonstrations. The said letter was as follows.  
Most Blessed Father,  
Being arrived in the end, to what I desired so much, my reception into the lap of our holy mother, 
The Queen's letter from Inspruch to his Holiness.  the Roman Catholic Church, I would not be wanting to impart it to your Holiness, humbly thanking you for the honour I received of your loving Commands, which are observed by me, with all due respect to your Holiness,  
I have manifested to the world, that to obey your Holiness, I have left with great gladness that Kingdom, where to honour you, is held an irremissible sin, and have laid by all humane respect, to make it appear, I value more the glory of obeying your Holiness, than that of the most deserving throne. I beseech your Holiness to receive me thus devested as I am of all greatness, with the fatherly and accustomed Kindness, you have hitherto been pleased to show me. I have here nothing else, to sacrifice to the holy feet of your Holiness, but myself, together with my blood, and my life, which I offer to your Holiness with that blind obedience, that is due, beseeching you to be pleased to dispose so of me, as you shall judge best for the Public good of our holy Church, to which and to your Holiness, as the only and true head of the same, I have dedicated the remainder of my life, with a most ardent desire to employ, and spend it wholly to God's greater glory. To this end I wish your Holiness many fortunate years, which are so necessary for the good, and Common repose of Christianity, beseeching our Lord to conserve in your Holiness, the great gifts he hath given you, and to make me so happy, I may see the longed for day, in which I may fall at the holy feet of your Holiness, which I humbly do Kiss, entreating you to impart unto me your holy, and paternal benediction etc.  
Your Holynesses most obedient Daughter, CHRISTINA. Inspruch the 5. of November, 1655.  

The description of Loretto.  The City of Loretto reduced into the Compass of a little Borough, on the edge of a mountain, is fruitful. It's form is somewhat long, at the head of which towards the Sea, is the Church nobly painted, and in the midst of it the holy house of the Virgin Mary, the most glorious Mother of Christ the redeemer of the world. Before the gate of the said Temple is a handsome Piazza, and in the middle of it a fountain, which throws up store of water. On the right hand are the Governors' Palace, and their habitations, who officiat in the Church. 'Tis three miles from the Sea, and cheerfully seated, being fortified with regular walls, and strong rampards, and flankt with great towers and bulwarks. Without the gate is a little Borough, full of Inns and Chambers to be hired, for the lodging of great store of people, who flock to this devotion continually, the most venerable and miraculous of all Christendom.  
From the top of this holy Mountain, the Queen was delighted in beholding, in a very fine prospect, the Sea, many Castles, and Towns built here and there on those Mountains and hills. She was pleased too in seeing towards Ancona, the Promontory Camero, under which lies Sirolo, a place much renowned for the famous Crucifix. She observed too the situations of Osimo, and Urbino, and the Castle of Cincolo built by Titus Labienus, of whom Cicero speaks bitingly.  
On the 11th. in the Morning having break-fasted a little, 
She departs from Loretto.  she departed from Loretto about 16 hours, being saluted by the Artillery, and Muskets, and accompanied by the Governor to the confines of Recanati, where she found some Coaches with six horses, full of the Gentry, my Lord Gallio Son to the Duke of Alvito of Mollan, Governor of the Mark, a Person of high quality, who when he had complemented the Queen, went into his Coach, and returned to Macerata the Metropolis of that Province, and his residence, to wait upon her there.  

The description of Recanati.  The Queen passed through Recanati, a little City three miles distant from Loretto, and seated on the ridge of a high Mountain, encompassed with hills and little Mountains very pleasant, and fruitful, and begirt with old walls with some ancient towers.  
She was received at the gate by Signior Luigi Bighi the Governor, and the Magistrates, the chief of which were Signior Marius Massucci Bonfrancesco Vulpiani, and James Angelelli the principal Gentlemen. The streets not only abounded with Soldiers standing in ranks, but were finely hung with tapestries, though it reigned very hard, and in that manner her Majesty was accompanied to the other gate. She would have stayed a little in this place, to see in the great Church the Sepulchre of Pope Gregory the 12th. who in the Council of Constance renounced the Papacy, but the weather being ill she continued her journey.  
Four miles farther in a very spacious field they saw by the order of the Marquis Tassoni aforesaid, above 8000. Soldiers of horse and foot reduced into squadrons, who with frequent volleys saluted her Majesty. She passing the river Potenza, which divides and waters a fine and pleasant valley, bordering on Mountains, and fruitful hills, arrived in the end at the Arch of Pio near the gate of the City. 
The Arch Pio.  The foresaid Arch is so called as long since erected by the Cardinal Charles Emanuel Pio of happy memory, who for his glorious Government of that Province, was generally applauded and commended by the People.  
By the said Governor Gallio, 
She is met at Macerata.  and the Magistrates, her Majesty was met with many Gentlemen on horseback, and the said Magistrates complemented her with all due respect.  
The Arch was beautified with Pictures, Figures, Mottos, Hieroglyphics, and Inscriptions, in the praise and honour of her Majesty's arrival, the streets being richly adorned, and the Soldiers standing in ranks. Twelve Pages of the principal families were nobly attired to attend on her Majesty.  

She is complemented by the Ladies.  The Queen went in her litter to the Palace her lodging, where many handsome Ladies, most splendidly apparelled, waited on her, on of them called Sigra Girolama Ciccelini complementing her Majesty in the name of the rest, which the Queen very courteously returning, they went to their houses, and her Majesty supped privately.  
On the 12th. in the Morning she arose betimes, and according to her custom, went to the Church of St. Julian, which is the Cathedral, where the Bishop my Lord Silvestri had erected a fine Arch with various Figures, Mottos, and Inscriptions in praise of her Majesty. At her entrance into the Church, she was received at the gate with the usual ceremony of the Chapter and Clergy, and Te Deum was Sung with most excellent music. Afterwards she heard Mass, and returned to the Palace, where when she had breakfasted, 
Her departure from Macerata.  she advanced towards Tolentino ten miles remote. At her going away, she was accompanied by the said Governor to the confines of that Diocese, and saluted by the Soldiers with Morter-peices and Muskets, her Majesty being very well satisfied with the honours that City had done her, the most noble and most famous of the Marck, which is indifferently big, and seated on a Mountain, but not steepy, and large, where the Governor of the Province resides.  
From Macerata her Majesty advanced towards Tolentino, 
She advances to Tolentino.  on the confines of which they found three thousand Soldiers by order of the Marquis Tassoni, reduced into squadrons by the Sergeant Major Mutius Campani.  
Being arrived at the gate of the City, my Lord Francis Maria Monaldi the Governor waited on her, as likewise the chief standard-bearer, Doctor Nicholas Rotilini, and the Prior's Signior Joseph Gualtieri, Signior Anthony Capiccioni, and Bartholomew Martini, with the rest of the Magistrates, and the principal Persons of the Town. Her Majesty passing afterwards through the streets, which abounded with Soldiers, and were hung with tapestries, alighted at the Church of St. Nicholas, where she was received with the accustomed ceremonies, and saw both the arms and the hands of the said Saint, 
She visits the Church of St. Nicholas.  the Porringer he used to eat in, and his miraculous blood, which as 'tis affirmed, hath often been seen to melt, and to move, when some sinister accident befell Christianity, as it happened, when the Turk got the Kingdom of Cyprus, and lately Canea in the Kingdom of Candia. This relic is held in great veneration, and kept in the Altar of the Chapel of the Saint aforesaid, and when it is showed, the Magistrates are by, who keep the keys of it. Her Majesty went from the Church to her lodging in the Palace of Duke Sanesio, which was splendidly furnished, where she did eat privately, and was entertained by the Nuntii till supper was ready.  
On the 11. of December when her Majesty had heard Mass, 
The description of Tolentino.  and breakfasted, she departed from Tolentino with the train of my Lord Gallio the Governor of the Province. This City encompassed with old fashion Walls and slight Towers, is seated in the bottom of the said valley, watered by the River Chianti, whose Bishop is likewise the Bishop of Macerata, the two Bishoprics being united together.  
The Queen advancing towards Camerino, went the way of Valcimarra, and Saravalle, and arriving at Belforte a walled Town on a Mountain three miles distant from Tolentino, found my Lord Casanatta the Governor of the City, a horseback, accompanied by many Gentlemen and Cavaliers, and a troop of horse in good equipage, who came to the Confines of his Government to receive her.  
As soon as her Majesty appeared, he alighted and complemented her, waiting on her all the way. 
Her reception in Camerino.  At Valc●marra they found 300. foot, and as, many more near the City, where she was received at the gate by the Magistrates, the chief of which was Signior Fulvius Magalotti, and by the College of the Doctors and Counsellors, all very well apparelled, and attended with the principal Gentlemen of the City, with Trumpets, Drums, and many Soldiers standing in ranks in the streets, which were hung with Tapestries, though it was rainy weather. Being arrived at the gate of the Cathedral, she was by my Lord Emilius Altieri the Bishop, the Chapter, and Clergy, received with the accustomed Ceremonies, and excellent music, she went afterwards to the Bishop's Palace, her lodging, and after a little repose sent for the Musicians, whose singing entertained her till supper time, which was private.  
All the streets and windows abounded with bonfires and lights, but the weather being ill, cold, snowy and rainy, her Majesty herself prohibited the discharging of the Canon.  
In the Hall of the Palace were fifteen of the principal Ladies, 
Count Montecuccoli returns from Rome to her Majesty.  Sigra Margherita Morelli complementing her Majesty in the name of all the others. That evening Count Montecuccoli returned from Rome to her Majesty, who as we said before, had dispatched him from Ferrara to the Pope. In the Piazza was erected an Arch triumphal with two great Pillars, over which appeared a rainbow. The said Arch was adorned with various Figures and many Inscriptions, and Mottos. The Queen lay in Camerino with part of her train, the rest going by the valley to Valcimarra, to avoid that uneasy ascent. On Sunday the 14. of December her Majesty arose before day, and went to hear Mass, then returning to her lodging, and breakfasting, she departed accompanied, and always attended by my Lord the Governor, 
She departs from Camerino.  and the Soldiers a horseback to the Confines, 300. foot being reduced into squadrons at Muccia, as she passed along.  

The description of Camerino,  The City of Camerino is seated on a hill in the midst of Appenninus, being encompassed with old walls, and almost wholly ruinous. Towards the South it is guarded by an ancient rock, the then Commander of which was Signior Giovanni Maria Benigni of that City, in the room of the Cavalier his Brother, the Artillery of which was taken away by Pope Urbane the eighth of happy memory in the time of the War. The Palace, where the Governor and Treasurer reside, is somewhat ancient, but that of the Bishop modern and handsome. This City in times past was governed perpetually by the Family of Varani, and in the year 1518. erected into a Duchy, and given to Giovanni Maria Varani the last of this Family, who left but one daughter called Julia, borne of Catherine Cibo niece to Innocent the eighth, and married to the Duke of Urbino, who being master of it, resigned it to the Apostolical Sea, by exchange for Sin gaglia. Afterwards another of the Family of Varani pretending to it by inheritance, as included in the former Concession, it was granted by Pope Paul the 3. to Pier Luigi Farnese his kinsman, who was invested Duke of the Place, and finally in the year 1344. changed it for the states of Parma and Piacenza.  
My Lord Marazzani the Governor of Umbria, coming from Perugia, the place of his residence, to those Confines, appeared at Collefiorito, accompanied by a very noble train of Cavaliers, and attendance, and complemented her Majesty who was saluted by 300. foot Soldiers, and dined at the new houses, where by the good order of Signior Baldocci, she was royally entertained, 
She arrives at Foligno.  and arrived about an hour in the night at Foligno.  
At the Gate of the City she was met by my Lord Cucc●ni Romano the Governor, and the Magistrates who received, and waited on her, being accompanied by twelve Pages very splendidly apparelled, with lighted Torches in their hands, appointed for her Majesty's service.  
She lay in the Palace of the Venturini, but at the charges of the Apostolical Chamber, and by order of my Lord Marazzani aforesaid. Before the gate of the Palace was an Arch supported by four Pillars with several Figures, Mottos and Hieroglyphics explained in intilligible inscriptions. That City had prepared several bonfires, and things of that kind, to make their respects to her Majesty more splendidly appear, & the like too the said Cities of Macerata and Camerino had done, but the very ill weather, which continued still rainy, hindered their effects.  
The Queen at her entrance into the Hall, was received by many Ladies, one of which complemented her in the name of the rest, all of them afterwards waiting on her Majesty to her lodgings, where she courteously dismissed them. The content and concourse of the neighbouring Cities was great, and particularly of Perugia, for having the conveniency of seeing so worthy and so virtuous a Queen, where she supped betimes and privately.  
Foligno is a City of little compass, with old fashion walls, 
The situation of Foligno.  being pleasant, full of traffic, and very much frequented, especially in the times of the Fair, which is very famous. Here they see that renowned gate, out of which the Citizens expelled the Lumbards'. 'Tis cheerfully seated in the plain of a valley, which is one of the fruitfullest, and best cultivated of any, it bordering on both sides on hills abounding with olive trees, vines, fruits, and habitations, insomuch as it looks like a beautiful scene.  
Her Majesty determining to go see the City of Assisi, 
She goes to Assisi.  to honour there the Temple of the seraphical Father Saint Francis, on the 13th. in the Morning after Mass, departed from Foligno, accompanied by the Governor aforesaid, and all the attendance: At Spello she was met by two troops of Launciers, 
She is met by Cardinal Rondinino.  and two others of light horsemen, and on the confines by Cardinal Paul Emilius Rondinino the Bishop of that City, with several Coaches full of Gentry, and many Pages, and Grooms in rich liveries of velvet, where they met two other troops of horse, one of Launciers, and the other of Cuiraciers of the City of Assisi, with others of the Province. The said Cardinal alighting out of his Coach, when her Majesty was in sight, advanced towards her, but she discovering him, caused suddenly her litter to stop, and alighting on a carpet brought thither, and spread on the ground by the order of the Cardinal, received his compliment with signs of great esteem and affection. His Eminence returning to his Coach another way, advanced to the City, to be ready to receive her at the Church.  
The Queen continued her journey, being saluted from time to time by the Musketeers, reduced into squadrons in the most conspicuous places, and particularly at St. Mary of the Angels. Thence approaching to the City, where there were two other Companies like them, she was received at the gate by Signior Granella Granella da Gualdo the Governor, & the Magistrates, who complemented her. She advanced to the Church of Saint Francis, 
She visits the Church of Saint Francis.  at her entrance into which, the Cardinal and Clergy performing the accustomed ceremonies, she passed to the high Altar, and having heard Mass, which was solemnly Sung by my Lord Forreggiani, one of the four Nuntij, with exquisite Music, went into the secret sacristy to reverence the holy veil of our Saviour, and the other famous relics, which are kept o'er the Altar of the said Chapel.  
Her Majesty saw likewise the famousest records of that most holy Church, and being afterwards saluted again, with discharging of the Canon & Mortarpeices, she went in her litter to the Palace of the Signior Giacobilli, appointed for her lodging, where with her great, and royal affability, she kindly received the dutiful tribute paid devoutly to her by the Ladies, 
She is royally entertained.  who there were very numerous, and splendidly attired, and waited on her Majesty to her Chamber. The said palace was furnished with fine and rich tapestries, and on the top of the stairs was erected a fair lodge with a prospect enriched with many Figures, Mottos, and Inscriptions. In the mean time the table was furnished with transparent works of jellies, and statues of Sugar, which were so well designed, so mysterious, and remarkable, that they gave both pleasant nourishment to the body and mind.  
Her Majesty dined in public with the Cardinal, Signior Marcello Rondinini, the Cardinal's Brother being her Cupbearer, and Count Francis de gli Odoli, Count Angelo's Son the noble Cavalier of Perug●a, her Sewer, and Count Sforza Fiumi of Assisi, presenting the napkin. To express the dainty meats, and exquisite feast, it may suffice to say, they had what the earth, the air, and the waters could afford, that was excellent good, and precious. While her Majesty was at table, the Nuntij, the Spanish Ambassador, with the rest of the great Cavaliers, and eminent Courtiers, were splendidly feasted in the Convent of Saint Francis, where ten appartaments richly furnished were prepared.  
When dinner was ended, her Majesty retired into her Chamber, and calling for my Lord Holstenius, who was then returned from Saint Francis his convent, told him, she desired to see once again one by one the triumphs, or statues of Sugar, with which they had adorned the table, which were brought in all haste to her Majesty, who admired the workman's invention and wit. And since they were so liked by her, who with her refined understanding, can discern in each thing what is beautiful and good, it will not peradventure be displeasing to the reader, to have a short description of it, without prejudicing other feasts, where tables set out in this manner, we omitted to describe, as a thing too long, and tedious peradventure.  

The quality of some statues which set out, and adorned the table.  In one were represented the four Cardinal virtues, which supported in the right hand on a Pillar adorned with embossed works a royal Crown, at the corners of which Pillar sat four boys each holding up a Crown, and a Sceptre, and before the said Pillar were four medals adorned with embossed works, with Chaplets of gold.  
In another on a round Pillar the Goddess Pallas, who giving her spear and helmet to a boy, stood presenting with her right hand in a reverend posture, a Crown to the Queen, seeming to yield to her the superiority in the Sciences. The said Pillar was adorned with embossed works covered with gold, among which were distributed four Harpies of counterfeit brass.  
They saw afterwards a square pedestal adorned with gilt medals in embossed works, and Time lying along, on which in a little Pillar stood Fame, who holding in her left hand a trumpet, held with the right o'er her head, a medal representing the Queen. She held Time bound with a chain of gold, who covered with his robe many medals of Heros, and being so bound, seemed subject to the fame of her Majesty. At the corners of the pedestal four flowers sprowted up in the form of a Pinetree, which budded our of feillage work of gold, whose artificial posture showed art had emulated nature. In the midst of the front of the pillar was a meddal of the colour of a rose limned with gold, with ornaments about it of several flowers distributed with proportionable symmetry.  
Then a clowed was discovered in another, all resplendent with gold, on which was extended the Chariot of the Sun, which drawn by four horses, was guided by Apollo, who carried in his right hand a bundle of gilt ears of corn, o'er which a little Angel supported a Crown of gold, and with the left hand held the reins of the horses finely barded with ribbons of gold and silver, a little boy going before them in the air with a torch in his hand denoting the dawning of the day.  
There was besides another round Pillar, on which a silver cliff squezed his locks wreathed with laurel, the extremity of the Figure ending in a rock, on which grew a palm tree dilating its boughs over it, and was with the left hand embraced by the same, the right hand pointing to the herbs it produces for the service of Kings. About the Pillar were carved four little ones, where were as many little boys with Coronets of Cedar, within which they discovered the leaves of the flowers sustained by the round Pillar, four Harpies of brass with gilt Spanish olives, and a Chaplet of gold in their hands, presenting each a dish of Pomegranates, which afterwards was intermixed with Pineapple kernels in a little guilded Chaplet joined to the feillage work of other fruits the earth does produce, with carvings adorned with gold.  
When her Majesty had seen and attentively gazed on the said triumphs, she said one of them was wanting, which the Cardinal had sent to my Lord Sarvantij one of the Masters of the ceremonies to his Holiness, who lodged without the palace, but her Majesty desiring to see it, it was quickly brought to her.  
This represented Immortality, which on a square Pillar adorned with antique faces of gold, held up with her hands o'er her head a gilt circle, within which was a medal with the Picture of her Majesty, as one that had no confines, but what were assigned her by eternity. Three boys stood distributed on the brims of the dish, one of which representing painting on a table of gold, made her Picture with the pencil, the other signifying sculpture carved her in marble, and the third denoting history with the pen, made characters on a book, all three showing jointly, they were busy in perpetuating the name of her Majesty. Among them were three little vases, adorned with antique faces covered over with gold, which held gilded ears of corn, and in the space between the boys, and the vases, flowers of Sugar budded forth of admirable workmanship, all resting on candid Sugar, which ended in a very fine Chaplet.  
The Queen took great pleasure in beholding these rare pieces, not because they contained her praises, whose modesty and generosity contemns all applause and Commendation, but only for the invention, and excellency of the workmanship.  

She visits the Church of the Angels.  These things being ended, her Majesty accompanied by the Cardinal went to visit the Church of the Angels, and permitting not his Eminence to go farther, it being then late, went into her litter, and advanced towards Foligno, being very well satisfied in having beheld that famous devotion, and known the civility, and eminent qualities of the Cardinal, 
The qualities of Cardinal Rondinino.  a Person abounding with the virtues, suitable to an Ecclesiastical magnanimous, and accomplished Prince.  
This Gentleman nephew to Cardinal Lodowick Zacchia of happy memory, was born in Rome, and finished there his studies in humanity, and philosophy in the Roman College, under the fortunate discipline of the Jesuits, accomplishing those of the law in Perugia, where he was in the mean time made Clerk of the Chamber by Pope Vrbane the eight. When he had administered many offices of that Tribunal, he likewise performed with Cardinal Raggi, the charge of Treasurer in the place of Cardinal Rapaccioli, who was Commissary of the Soldiers, after which on the 12th. of July, 1643. he was preferred to the Purple with the title of Saint George, and Pope Innocent the tenth conferred on him the Bishopric of Assisi.  
This City is seated on the side of the Mountain Asius, 
The description of Assisi.  which in a bending line by the side of a high hill, derived from the said Mountain Asius, extendeth itself a mile long from the East to the West, lying wholly towards the South, and though at the head, and the shoulders, 'tis environned with Mountains not uneasy, and rich in fruitful Pastures, it hath fertile hills at the slanke, and finely arrayed and a most pleasant plain at the feet, which no less for its greatness, than fertility, is one of the most beautiful, and best parts of Italy.  

She returns to Foligno.  Her Majesty returned to Foligno about three hours in the night, being met by the Governor, the Magistrates, and part of her own train, which stayed there, the night being resplendent with many fireworks, and her Majesty Supping privately. The Morning after the 14th. of the month▪ she went to the Dome, at the gate of which she was received in the usual form by my Lord Montecatini the Bishop of that City. That Church was very splendidly adorned, where her Majesty heard Mass, then visiting the said Church of the Nuns, where she heard a little Music, she returned to the Palace, and dined there in public, for their satisfaction, who desired to see her at dinner.  
The end of the Fifth Book.   

The History of the sacred, and Royal Majesty of Christina Alessandra, Queen of Swedland, etc. The Sixth Book.  
The Argument.  
FRom Foligno the Queen goes to Spoleto, where she is royally treated, by Cardinal Fachenetti. She goes to Terni where she is waited on by my Lord Bonfiglioli the Governor of that City, she passes to Gallese, and is met by my Lord Visconte Governor of the Patrimony, she advances to Caprarola, where she receives the compliments of the Spanish Ambassador, and thence goes to Bracciano, and finally to Olgiata, whither the Cardinal Legates a latere come to compliment her Majesty, & conduct her to Rome, where she makes her private entrance, and is received by the Pope with all courtesy. She makes her solemn entrance into Rome.  
AFter dinner her Majesty departed from Foligno to the Confines, being accompanied by my Lord Marazzani, 
She departs towards Spoleto.  and all his retinue, and waited on to the gate by the Magistrates of the City, and saluted by the Canon, Mortar-pieces and Muskets, the Soldiers standing in squadrons and ranks in several places. Then continuing her journey through that fruitful Valley, she dismissed on the Confines the Prelate aforesaid, seeming very highly satisfied with him. And here she was met by my Lord Capecelatro a Neapolitan, brother to the Duke of Sejano, Governor of Spoleto, who having with him a great train of Gentlemen, and two troops of horse, complemented her Majesty.  
Three miles without Spoleto, Cardinal Caesar Fachenetti the Bishop of the City, 
Cardinal Fachenetti meets her.  came out to meet the Queen, accompanied by my Lord Faustus Poli of Spleto the Bishop of Amelia, the Governor of Orvieto, the Prince of Gallicano, and many Gentlemen. The two Prelates aforesaid were there expressly to assist in this service the Cardinal. The Prince came from Rome on the 11. in the evening, on purpose to wait on her Majesty, and being himself lodged in the Palace of the Bishop, gave place to her Majesty's train, and retiring into the house of a Gentleman his friend met with the opportunity of paying his respects to the Queen, who received him very courteously, having known long before his deserving, and eminent qualities.  
The Cardinal having complemented her Majesty returned into his Coach, and went before, to be ready to receive her in his Bishopric, who before she arrived at the gate, found many thousand Soldiers in squadrons, who saluted her with volleys of shot. The Magistrates appearing with the Pomp peculiar to the sprightly inhabitants of Spoleto, presented her Majesty with their humble respects at the gate of the City, who caused the Coach to be stopped, and kindly received them. Divers Arch triumphalls were erected in the streets, which were all adorned with Figures, Inscriptions, and other sprightly Mottos. Among all the foresaid Arches, the remarkablest was that, which was repaired o'er an ancient gate of the City, where besides the Inscription set there, in honour of the Queen, there was another alluding to the place where Hannibal of Carthage after the battle won at Thrasymenus, desiring to advance towards Rome, was put to flight, whereupon the same gate retains to this day the name of the gate of the flight.  
The Queen passed through the Piazza reduced into the form of a Theatre. The circuit of the lateral Portici was enclosed with two great gates, in each of which were Inscriptions, Mottos, & fine Figures. This Theatre was made at the charge of the Gentlemen of the City, incited by the generous example of the Cardinal, who first of all contributed to the work. They did it supposing the Queen would have come thither by night, the better to see the fireworks, which were placed upon it, and played the same evening. On the great gates of the Theatre were the Arms of the Queen, with several Mottos of the Kingdom of Swedland, on the one side her Majesty, and on the other the King her Father, both on horseback.  
The Queen being entered the Palace of the Bishop, 
She is waited on by the Ladies of the City.  met a very noble company of Ladies, who having had before of the Cardinal, a splendid collation of sweetmeats, were assembled together to wait on her Majesty. At her entrance into the Hall, they all kissed her hands, and were received by her with the greatest affability, her Majesty being pleased they should be present, and sit at a musical consort, which was in her own Chamber, and served for her Majesty's entertainment that night.  
The subject represented Faith triumphing, which having sent three Persons to Sing the Queen's Praises, appeared at last inviting her to enter into the little ship of St. Peter.  
The Queen with some of her Domestiques, lay in the Bishop's Palace, the Nuntij, the Ambassador Pimentel, Count Montecuccoli, and the other chief Gentlemen, being distributed in several private houses, in every one of which were Gentlemen of the City deputed to their service. The direction of these lodgings was committed to the care of Signior Joseph Pallettonio, a Gentleman of much spirit and active, with the assistance of whom, and the Signior Vincent Pianciani Treasurer of Perugia, and Nicholas Benedettis Treasurer of Spoleto, all things were performed with good order, and punctuality.  
On the 15th. in the Morning her Majesty attended by the Cardinal, the Nuntij, the Ambassadors, Prelates, Princes, and all the Nobility, went to the Cathedral to hear Mass, 
She goes to the Cathedral.  the Soldiers standing in ranks all along in the streets. The porch of the Church was beautified with Figures, Inscriptions, Mottos, and other ornaments, done by the Cardinal in the name of the clergy of Spoleto.  
When Mass was ended, she returned to the Palace, and dined in public with the Cardinal Signior Maffeo Rosari Master of the Camp of the Province, and Gentleman of the City, presented her the napkin, 
She dines in public.  and the ancientest Magistrate in his habit, the water for her hands. The Nuntij, the Spanish Ambassador, Count Montecuccoli, and the other chief persons of the Court, dined at the same time in gentlemen's houses, where they were well attended, and had every thing in order.  
Her Majesty resolved to go after dinner to the Church of the Dominicans, to see many relics, and particularly the holy nail of our Saviour, but the great snow hindered all. On Wednesday in the evening her Majesty was pleased to go to the Townhouse and hear there a play Sung in music by some young Gentlemen of the City, with several machine's & changes of Scenes.  

She departs from Spoleto.  On the 16th. after dinner her Majesty departed from Spoleto, being attended by the Cardinal some miles without the City, and the Governor to the confines of the Diocese of Terni. When the Cardinal took his leave of the Queen, he told him, she not only was highly satisfied With the honours he had done her, but extremely well edified with the very great knowledge, she discovered in his discourses with her.  

The eminent qualities of Cardinal Fachenetti  This Cardinal is of Bologna, and of the noble family of the Marquess' Fachenetti, being Pope Innocent the ninth's nephew's son. He was first Referendarius, then Nuntio in Spain, where he gave a great testimony of his understanding, and capacity. At his return to Rome, he was for his eminent goodness and worth a little while after preferred to the purple on the 13th. of July, 1643. He is one of those Cardinals, which hold up the glory of the Sacred College, and the honour of the Church. He hath a quick intellect, a solid discourse, a settled judgement, and a refined prudence in the management of great affairs. He hath a grace and sweetness in all his entertainments, with which he attracts the encomiums, and praises of all those that know him, he having especially the generous mind of an Emperor.  
The Citizens of Spoleto endeavoured to welcome this great Queen, with all the expressions of gladness and joy, and though to comply with the genius of the Prince, the subjects sometimes use to turn the sincerest, and purest affection into flattery, yet in this occasion, the people of Spoleto very fully corresponded with their natural ingenuity, as well with a dutiful respect, to second the good intention of his Holiness, as to show the partiality of their ancient inclinations towards this Princess' great name. Those of Spoleto, as the histories of greatest credit, report, are nobly descended, and happily propagated of the relics of the Goths, who after the fall of their Kingdom in Italy remained in Spoleto, as a City very nobly adorned, and augmented by Theodorick their King. And albeit the hostility of Totilas may diminish, much less renew afterwards, the least sense of gratitude, yet the piety, and other sublime qualities of this Queen, are advantageously sufficient to repair very fully whatsoever, the deadly remembrance of the cruelties of that King, had demolished, and restore with ample recompense the memory of the benefits, this Country so glories to have had from the North.  

The description of Spoleto.  Spoleto is a famous City, and abounds with all things, being seated at the head of a Plain towards the East, partly at the foot of the Mountains, and for the greatest part on the Mountains themselves. It was in former times the residence of the Princes of Lombary, and is now esteemed among the most conspicuous provinces of Vmbria. Here they see the vast Palace of Theodorick the King of the Goths, as likewise the foundation of a very fair Theatre, and of the Temple of concord, and without the City high and strong forms of aqueducts, partly cut from the sides of Apenninus, and partly raised from the bottom of the valley with arches of brick. The high roofs of the Cathedral are remarkable there, the walls of marble the rock built in the Amphitheatre, and likewise the stone-bridg, which supported with great art, by 24. great pillars, joined the highest part of the City to the rock, or to the Amphitheatre seated on another hill. Here her Majesty was entertained with music, and particularly being pleased with the skill of Francis Joseph Tomasini, who played on the Violin, received him into her service.  
On the confines of Terni her Majesty was received by my Lord Bonfiglioli of Bologna, 
Her reception at Terni.  the Governor of the City, who came thither accompanied by forty Gentlemen on horseback, with many Servants a foot in fine liveries, he having with him many troops of horse, and Companies of foot. The Queen being come to the gate called Spoletana, was met by the Nobility, and among the rest by six Gentlemen, who representing the Magistrates, complemented her in the name of the public, and waited on her through the City, all along as she passed the streets, and windows being beautified with ornaments and lights. At her arrival at the Dome, she saw erected before that Piazza a triumphal Arch, with very fine Inscriptions, and Figures in her praise. The Frontispiece of the Church annexed to the Seminary, and the Palace of the Bishop, resembles a Theatre, and is beautified with thirty windows, which were splendidly adorned, and most of them had two torches apiece with other lights.  
At the gate of the said Cathedral her Majesty was received as usually by the chief of the Clergy in the absence of the Cardinal Bishop, the Church being richly set forth, and illuminated with great store of torches and candles, with quires of rare music, and a young man of the house of Sciamanna reciting a Sermon very handsomely.  
The Functions of the Church being ended, the Queen by the foresaid my Lord Bonfiglioli the Governor, was conducted to the Palace of the Bishop, very sumptuously furnished by the Officers of the Cardinal Bishop, her Majesty being pleased to hear in that fine Oratory a spiritual play recited to her with excellent music.  
Don Antonio della Cueva with the Lady his wife, and their train, were lodged too in that Palace. The Nuntii with their retinue were accommodated in the Palace of Signior or Ferdinand Sciamanna, the Spanish Ambassador Pimentel in my Lord Ferentillis, Count Montecuccoli in Count Jerome Spadas, and the Marquis Bentivogli in Signior Antonio Manasseis: Besides divers Gentlemen were distributed in the houses of the Marquess' Castelli, and so from hand to hand; all the rest of the meaner sort were orderly lodged after 3. hours in the night, the Nuntii informed the Governor of the necessity of her Majesty's dining on the following Friday in Otricoli, a Town remote 15. miles, and though the place was very incommodious, and wanted all sorts of Provision; the Governor sent presently thither eight loaded mules, with Cook's Sewers, Cup boord-keepers, Butlers, and all other necessary Servants, who travailling all the night, arrived there betimes in the morning, to get all things ready that were needful.  

The honours done her in Terni.  The Queen supped privately in Terni, that night being attended by her own Domestics. However the entertainment was regal, and abounded with exquisite meats. The table was decked with several statues, and triumphs, which showed in the beauty of the work and design, the excellency of the Roman spirit, and gust. The Soldiers stood in ranks, all along, and gave her frequent volleys with their muskets and mortal-pieces, all the City being resplendent with the bonfires and lights.  
This City is little, but handsome, 
The description of Terni.  The circuit of which is not modern. The Territory is narrow, but fruitful, by reason of the goodness of the soil, and abundance of waters, and being exposed to the south, produces store of fruit, and excellent fowl. The meadows are curthrice and four times a year, and afterwards serve for Pasture. Here are seen many Inscriptions in marble, which show it was a free City of the Romans, and retains still some remains of the septentrional Nations. Cardinal Rapaccioli is Bishop of the place, Who though confined Rome by his indisposition, was not wanting though far off, to demonstrate large heart, his great spirit, and natural generosity, in the fruits of his happy invention and expressions of obsequious respects to her Majesty.  
The Queen departed from Terni 
Her departure.  on the 17. in the morning, attended by my Lord Bonfiglioli, with some Soldiers, and the train of the Gentlemen. But he went before to provide all things fitting at Otricoli, so as because the straightness of the place was not capable of so great a retinue, he with an ingenious shift, caused the people to dine quickly by course, as they came, and sent them immediately away, to make room for the rest, and avoid confusion. About twenty hours her Majesty arrived, being received by the said Prelate, and many Soldiers, who standing in their ranks, 
She dines in Otricoli  gave her volleys of shot, her Majesty alighting at the Inn, the narrowness of which place afforded not that plenty and delicacy of meats, a noble entertainment required.  

The quality of this Place.  Otricoli at this time is a little Borough composed of several houses built together on a Mountain a little above a mile distant from Tybur, which flowing from those Mountains, dilates itself afterwards here, in a spacious and open Country.  
After dinner her Majesty removed from Otricoli, and descending into the plain, still keeping along the river, at six miles' end, arrived at a bridge called Filice, 
The Bridge Filice.  o'er which she passing the Tybur, came to a little Town named Borghetto, appertaining to the Duchy of Ronciglione.  
Here my Lord Bonfiglioli took his leave, 
She is met by my Lord Visconte.  and my Lord Vitellianus Viscont, the Governor of Patrimony met her Majesty accompanied by a noble troop of Gentlemen, and many Soldiers a foot, and on horseback reduced into squadrons, who when he had complemented her Majesty, advanced to the foresaid bridge Filice, to receive her afterwards at Bracciano, a Town appointed for her lodging that night, Colonel Tofano the Governor of the arms of Patrimony, ranking the Soldiers in the places he thought fittest for a nobler reception.  
Part of the Court remained in Borghetto, where they were very orderly and commodiously treated. From the walls, and the Castle of this place, she was welcomed with many volleys of shot, and some mortarpieces.  
The said bridge Filice is very finely built, large and long, in order to the breadth of the Tybur, being made by Pope Sixtus the fifth, who from his first name called it Filice.  

She arrives at Gallese.  The Queen arrived late at Gallese, and alighted at the beautiful Palace of the Duke of Altemps, the Lord of that Town, who royally received her. The Frontispiece was resplendent with lights, as likewise all the streets, where the Soldiers stood in ranks, and welcomed her with volleys of shot, which were seconded with many mortarpieces. Her Majesty supped privately, yet was seen and admired by divers Persons of quality, 
Her reception in Gallese.  who came from Rome thither to satisfy their impatient curiosity, where her Majesty was served as nobly, as in any other place.  

The description of Gallese.  Gallese is encompassed with old walls, and on the one side built on high, where there is a deep ditch, with a rock on the other side, likewise walled, and great Towers, and Ditches. The Tybur runs near it, some two miles only distant, where there is a Port to carry Goods and Victuals to Rome. This City by Pope Sixtus the fifth was erected into a Duchy, where there formerly was a Bishop, but now 'tis united to Civita Castellana. 
She lodges in Caprarola.  The next morning after Mass she went to Caprarola appointed for her lodging on the 18. of December, where she was received in the sumptuous Palace of the Duke of Parma, the pleasure and curiosity of all, being wonderfully entertained, as well with the strange architecture of the famous Vignola, as the Pictures and rich Furniture.  
In the Piazza before the Palace, was erected on a great pedestal, a high arch supported by eight Pillars, which rested on another pedestal somewhat less than the first. In the middle was a great statue with a bundle of ears of Corn in its hand, the arms of her Majesty, and on the other side a crowned Lion, under whom were divers Mottos and Inscriptions in Italian verses, but nothing succeeded very well, the continual rain, which fell in great abundance all that day, and that night interrupting many other demonstrations of honour and joy, which were prepared there.  

The Spanish Ambassador goes to Caprarola to visit the Queen.  The Duke of Terranuova the Ambassador in ordinary in Rome for his Catholic Majesty came hither expressly to wait on her Majesty, who received him with her usual affability and kindness, after which he taking his leave, returned the next morning to Rome. Her Majesty supped privately, being attended by her Domestic Cavaliers, but tightly well treated, my Lord Visconte using all diligence and means, peculiar to his singular ability. The foresaid Count Santinelli arrived here, who received by her Majesty with her usual kindness and courtesy, were declared Gentlemen of her Chamber.  
Caprarola is an open Town, well built, and handsome, at the head of which is the Palace of the Duke of Parma in an eminent Situation, of admirable architecture and beauty. It hath five fronts, and yet all the Chambers are completely square, of which there is one very great, and contrived in that manner, that one standing in one of the four corners, hears what another speaks in all the other, though he speak very softly. 'Tis enriched with delicious Gardens, and noble Fountains, and in fine is as sumptuous as any whatsoever in Italy.  
The same day her Majesty departed from Caprarola accompanied and attended by all the retinue. 
She is met by the Duke of Bracciano.  Don Parlo Giord into Orsino the Duke of Bracciano, and the Duchess his wife, with 4. Coaches with six horses apiece full of Gentry, and 200. Cuirassiers came to wait on her Majesty, as they had done at Oriolo a Town appertaining to their jurisdiction, and after their compliment advanced towards Bracciano, to be ready to attend her in that beautiful Palace. The Queen at her arrival, found the Soldiers in their ranks, who welcomed her with volleys of shot, as she likewise was saluted with some pieces of Canon, and several mortarpieces. A little way off from the City were 18. Archers, and 18. Dutch men of the Duke's guard, which accompanied her Majesty to the Castle, and always attended her. At the Gate of the Palace, the nobleness of which was augmented with the riches of the most sumptuous Furniture, stood the Duke, who covered, lead her Majesty as she walked.  
Her Majesty was entertained that evening, with a very grateful harmony of Musicians, with which she was extremely delighted, as being very pleasing to her Genius. She supped afterwards in private, and retired.  
The morning after, as she went from her lodgings to the Chapel to hear Mass, she was lead by the Duke, and afterwards carried in the Duchess' chair to the Piazza, where her Majesty taking Coach, went directly to Casale in Polzetta, called Olgiata, a V●lla of Signior Filippo Franceschi a Florentine, where her Majesty was to dine.  
Bracciano is encompassed with Ditches, Walls, and Bulwarks, the greatest part of which were made by Bartholomew d' Alviano when the City opposed the Army of Alexander the .6. commanded by Duke Valentino. The fortress bearing the name of the Castle of St. James, hath regular Fortifications, but is of an old form, being furnished with all necessary artillery and arms, with a Garrison of Dutch men, two royal Appartaments, Gardens and other delights. The Situation is pleasant on a Hill, and the Castle stands on a flinty Cliff, which is hard to be mined: On the one side 'tis washed with the lake Sebeto, on the banks of which there are other Towns of the Duchy aforesaid.  
The Duke and the Duchess by the way of Anguillara, advanced before the Queen a quarter of a mile from Olgiata, where alighting, they gain paid their respect to the Queen, who causing her coach to be stopped, received their compliment, and seeming to be highly pleased with it, told the Duke, they should meet again at Rome.  
His Holiness on the 29. of November declared in the Consistory two Legates a latere to meet, and receive her Majesty, who were the Cardinal John Charles de Medici, Brother to the great Duke of Toscany, and the Cardinal of Hessen, who to the royal splendour of their births, have joined great and eminent qualities, in the lustre of their purple, representing the endowments, which Heaven hath so liberally given them. They were both appointed for that function with his Holinesses Brief of the following tenor.  
[Alexander the 7. Pope. Beloved Sons, greeting, and Apostolical benediction. Since the day is near, that that our beloved daughter in Christ Christina Queen of Swedland, by the blessing of God, is approaching to Rome, we out of the singular affection of our fatherly love & charity to the said Queen Christina, desiring she may be received with greater solemnity, do with the mature deliberation of our venerable brothers the Cardinals of the holy Roman Church, and by their Counsel, and consent, with our Apostolical authority by virtue of these presents, make, constitute, and depute you (whom the splendour of your Families, and the approved qualities of your minds in divers sorts adorn) our Legates the latere, and of the Apostolical Sea, to go meet the said Queen Christina, any thing to the contrary notwithstanding. Given at Rome at Saint Peter under the ring of the fisher the 29th. of November, 1655. in the first year of our Papacy. The endorsement was: To our beloved Sons etc.]  
When the Legates had advice the Queen was arrived at Bracciano, and would be at Olgiata on the 19th. of December, they hastened their departure from Rome, to execute their office, whereupon at the Palace of the Medici in the Piazza Madama, all the train of both the Legates being assembled together, the Cardinal of Toscani gave them so splendid a collation, and abounding with such exquisite meats, that it might have been compared to a sumptuous and royal dinner. He kept open house, and profusely distributed bread, wine, flesh, and sweet meats, to all that were there, though they were not of the train.  
After that, the Civalcata of the Legates advanced, which for the great quality, and condition of the Persons there present, and the rich clothes, and liveries, with which they appeared, was extremely remarkable, and commendable. It reached from the Palace of the Medici aforesaid, 200. paces without the gate of the people, where they leaving, their horses took Coach.  
Three trumpets, and a tabor preceded, with the led horses of Captain Corradino, at the head of a hundred Cuirassiers well mounted and armed, with his sword in his hand.  
Five trumpets followed after, and a tabor of the Cardinal Landgrave, with Cassocks of Scarlet fringed with thick broad lists of azure velvet bordered on both sides with rich trimming of silver, which in that mixture of the red and sky colour made the show very handsome, especially by the waving of the thick plumes on their heads, which enriched their hair, and their shoulders.  
After these came the trumpets of the Cardinal de Medici, who had likewise Cassocks of fine cloth of Cinnamon colour, all trimmed with thick twists of gold, which about twilight cast a mervellous lustre.  
The eyes of the spectators were greatly alured, with the appearance of a numerous, and noble Company of Pages on high metalled coursers, trapped with rich furniture of gold and silver, and suitable valizes. The pages, besides their clothes trimmed all over with gold, had either their doublets of cloth of gold, or embroidered with rich branched work.  
Four trumpets of his Holiness followed after, with red Casocks listed with gold, and about seventy Knights of the train of the Cardinal Legates, who with their sumptuous clothes, and noble aspects, gave lustre to all the retinue. Among these were confusedly mingled, without any order of precedence, the Duke's Salviati, Lanti, and Mattei, the Marquess' Nari, Corsini, Tarqvinius Santa Croce, and Patricii. The Lords Paul Francis Falconteri, Baron Mattei, the Count's Prainer, Slavata, Sciaffcutz, and Tilli, and Cavalier Passionei, these particular camerads of the Cardinal Legates, with many servants richly apparelled.  
Near these, on two generous steeds came the Legates, with their usual Cardinal's habits, of Purple waved tabby, and red hats on their heads, who graceful, and most affable, with a seriousness and sweetness in their faces, made their Majestic gravity resplendent, which induced every one to a reverence, and obsequiousness.  
The Marquis Rinuncini, and Cavalier Baldeschi the masters of their Chambers, with Sgnior Carlo Carcarasio the Second master of the ceremonies to the Pope, went before them, in the midst of whom was Cavalier Bellarmini the Captain of the guard to his Holiness. After the Legates came the troop of light horsemen of his Holiness, armed with cuirasses, but without lances, with Cassocks of red cloth fringed with gold.  
The Legates coming out of the gate of the people, took Coach, as the Cavaliers likewise did that were with them, the Pages, and footmen, and pursued their journey.  
Each of the Cardinals had five sumptuous Coaches with six horse's apeice, the Coachmen and grooms which were many, having liveries like the Pages, and trumpeters. Before the Legates Coach, went a Coach with the masters of the Chambers, and another came after them full of noble Prelates, being followed by thirty others with six horses a piece, all rich and splendid, belonging to the Princes, Cavaliers, Prelates, and Gentlemen with forty others with 4 horses a piece.  
At the Inn called lafoy Storta eight mile off, they found Don Antonio della Cueva, her Majesty's great Master of the horse, accompanied by many Gentlemen, with the Coaches of the Queen. He complemented the Legates, who went into her Majesty's Coach made after the Dutch fashion, covered with crimson velvet fringed with gold, in which they arrived at Olgiata, a mile beyond the said Inn. The Queen at the entrance into the gate, came down to the foot of the stairs, with wonderful courtesy and kindness, receiving the Legates, and with so much honour, than it may well be said, this was a true argument of her piety, and veneration towards the Vicar of Christ, the holy Sea, and the Sacred Apostolical College. In the midst of the said Legates she ascended to her lodgings, where they complemented her in the name of his Holiness, in order to their instructions. Her Majesty accepted the favour, with all the terms of reverence and esteem towards his Holiness, by declaring herself most highly obliged to the Pope, for the many great honours he had done her.  
It was somewhat late, and therefore without further stay, the Queen, and the Legates descended, and went all three into his Holinesses Coach, sent thither for that purpose, her Majesty sitting alone, and the Legates together.  
The Queen was clad plainly in grey, with a hongerlin, and black scarf on her shoulders, instead of a band, without any ornament of Gold, Silver, Jewels, Ribbons, or Flowers which she always had abhorred, as a vain and idle thing, one little Ring on her Finger, being all the adorning she had. But with her sprightly carriage, and masculine and majestic aspect, she discovered the greatness of her birth, and the qualities of her rare and virtuous Prerogatives. She hath a very quick and nimble body, and is in her gestures and motion most comely and gracious, of a proportionable stature, a fresh colour, and royal features. And since her cheeks are careless of the deckings of roses and lilies, her most comely face darts lightning from her eyes, as which, never nature made any so lively and resplendent. She hath a high forehead, and spacious, with a fine and pleasing mouth, her hair seeming curled and brown. Her Majesty is supported with modesty, and her sprightliness and smiling with gravity, she having above all things a grace so attractive, which together with the heart, forces praises, and applauses. She eats not much, drinks little, and almost continually water. She sleeps but five hours, and studies for the most part, the books of Plato, ancient Histories, good Latin Poets, and the sacred Scriptures being the Soul of her Majesty's entertainments.  
She hates mortally idleness, and is adorned with so many virtues, that every Queen may easily envy her, but very hardly imitate her. She is of a great and generous mind, but her solid goodness hath nothing else to equal it, but the glory of her great thoughts, and incomparable resolutions.  
She arrived in Rome after two hours in the night, accompanied by the light of an infinite number of Torches. She came in at the gate Pertusa, where she was met by the Captain of the Dutchmen, with many of the Swissers of his Holinesses Guard, who attended on her afterwards. She alighted at the Vatican on the side of the Garden of Belvedere, where by my Lord Farnese the Pope's Steward, and his Holinesses domestic Prelates, she was met and received at the foot of the stairs in the plain of the Garden, whence her Majesty was conducted to her appartament, which was most richly furnished with all things.  
The people flocked thither in such throngs, that they filled the very rooms that were above, and the Queen beholding such a multitude, said pleasantly jesting, Use they thus, to enter privately into Rome,  
She no sooner had rested a little, but she sent Don Antonio della Cueva to desire audience of his Holiness, who speedily dispatched to her my Lord Bonvili the Master of his Chamber, a Prelate of great quality, attended by all of the Privy Chamber, and several other Gentlemen. At the head of the Gregorian Gallery he met the Queen, who was coming in haste between the two Cardinal Legates, where he complemented her Majesty in the name of the Pope, who returning the civility with all due respect, went on towards his Holinesses lodgings, many of the Pope's train going before.  
As she passed along through so many Lodgings, Chambers and Galleries, all illuminated with Torches, she admiring the vastness of that great habitation, said, that short delay was more troublesome to her, than all the journey she had gone, since her Majesty desired nothing more, than the time to see his Holiness.  
When she came to the Pope's antichamber, the door was set wide open, and stood in that manner, all the while she remained with his Holiness. At the entrance into the Chamber, where his Holiness expected her (my Lord Fibei the chief Master of the Ceremonies instructing her so to do) She kneeled the first time, than the second, and the third time with her hands across on her breast, and her eyes on the ground, kissed first the foot, and afterwards the hand of his Holiness, who intimating with a smile an act of the kindest reception, beckoned quickly to her with his hand she should rise, which no sooner she had done, but she sat down on a royal Chair, the Cushion and Leaner being of Crimson Velvet, and sumptuously adorned with Gold.  
They discoursed but little, for his Holiness supposing she was weary with her journey, cut off the entertainment, and her Majesty returned to her appartament.  
His Holiness afterwards to show her the greater respect, assigned her four Cavaliers, all his Chamberlains of honour, to the end they might continually be assistant in her Majesties anti Chamber, which were Signior Dominick Jacovacci a Gentleman of Rome of known prudence, and excellent behaviour, Horatius' Marquis Spada the deserving nephew of Cardinal Bernard Spada Bishop of Altano, James Mignanelli a Gentleman likewise of Rome, and the Marquis Bevilacqua of Ferrara, whose nobility is equal to the qualities of his mind. Besides these his Holiness likewise ordered, that five of his demy-lance men should every day wait by turns on her Majesty, to wit, Captain John Leo of Piperno, Guido Baldo Ponti of Perugia, the Sergeant Major Andrew Paolini of V●terbo, and the Captains Anthony Fracassi of Cesena, and Marcus Chi●fa of Candia, all Persons of worth and valour, who executed their places very well.  
The following morning the Queen arose betimes, as she used to do, and went into the Garden, where she walked with my Lord Acarigi his Holinesses Cupbearer, still speaking French to him. She desired to see the Coach, the litter, and chair the Pope had given her, which were soon brought to her, and with them came Cavalier Bernino the inventour of the design of the figures adorning them. Count Raymund Montecuccoli there present, desired the Queen to take notice of the Figures which supported the Coach-box, adding that they were the design of Cavalier Bernino. The Queen turned about to contemplate them, and the Cavalier very modestly told her Majesty, if there was any thing that was amiss, 'twas his doing. The Queen at these words turning about, very gracefully replied, than you have done nothing there. Then causing the horse to be brought, which his Holiness had given her, she road him with a foot-cloth, and without, and turning and winding him here and there, made every one admire her dexterity and comeliness, she making all good, which fame had delivered before, that there was none in Swedland could manage a Steed better than her, nor sit him better in his full Carrieer, of which the King of Spain being curious, desired to see her painted in that action. And indeed she is so frank, and dexterous in this, that if she had another Bucephalus, she would tame him as well as an Alexander. Her Majesty went afterwards with my Lord Holstenius to see the Vatican Library, and likewise his own, which was fine and rare, and gave her great content.  
The day after about 23. hours she went again in a chair to the Pope, with whom she remained (the doors standing open) above an hour. On Wednesday in the morning, the solemn Cavalcata should have been, but it was deferred till the following day, all the things not being in order. In the mean time his Holiness went in a chair, to see her in her appartament, who no sooner heard of it, but ran a great pace through some Chambers to meet him, at whose feet she soon fell down with great humility, but he causing her to rise, and they going into the Chamber, they walked up and down discoursing together, the Portals being up. When his Holiness departed, her Majesty accompanied him to his chair, into which he being entered, the Queen with her own hands endeavoured to shut it, as she did other acts of humility, and obsequiousness, though his Holiness had often dismissed her with his blessing, she freely confessing, she never had felt herself awakened to more reverence, than in seeing the Majesty of the Pope. The two days they spent in music, singing, and other royal entertainments, in which no cost was spared by the magnanimous Pope.  
The said solemn Cavalcata was ordered on Thursday after dinner, of which the Masters of the Ceremonies had the direction. The shops were shut that day, and the Tradesmen commanded not to work, which every one obeyed very willingly, veneration and curiosity calling all to so noble a spectacle. And as a Prince's actions should still be great, and elevated, so the Pope omitted nothing, that might make this Function remarkable.  
Count David Vidman, a Nobleman of Venice, brother to the Cardinal of this name, and Sergeant Major General of the battle, had the charge to give the orders, which he thought in his prudence most convenient, to honour this reception, with disposing of his Holinesses Soldiers.  
On the day aforesaid at 17. hours her Majesty took Coach in the Court of Belvedere, and went out of the Gate Angelica toward the bridge Molle, The Courtiers of the Cardinal Legates, and of the Queen went before, with the Trumpeters of the Cardinals, and the 26. horses of her Majesty's guard, being followed by the led-horses, the Pages, Comrades, and Prelates of the train, of the Legates, the led-horses of the Queen, her Pages, the Trumpeters, Cavaliers, Princes, and Gentlemen of the Company of the Legates, the Gentlemen of the Queen, the Master of the Ceremonies, her Majesty in his Holinesses Coach, with the two Cardinal Legates, behind the Prelates of the Legation, the Queen's Coaches, the said troop of Cuirassiers, the led-horses, the Coaches of the Legates, and others of several Princes, Prelates, and Cavaliers, which Cavalcata marching along the river advanced towards the bridge called Molle.  
An hour before departed from his Palace my Lord Bonelli the Governor of Rome, and Vice-Chamberlain, Pope Pius Quintus Nephews Son, the troop of light horsemen preceding, and his Page with the Batton and his Hat. He himself came afterwards a horseback on a very fine Nag, attended by eighty Halberdiers of his guard with red Cassocks, and great store of grooms, and followed by the Officers of his Tribunal. In this order going to the foot of the Cordon of the Capitol, he joined with the Signior Faustus Gallucci Senator of Rome, Honofrius Margani, Giacinthus del Buffalo, Caesar Colonna, Achilles Maffei, and many other Roman Cavaliers, which waited on the Magistrates, and with the following order they marched all together towards the Bridge Molle, this function belonging to Signior Christopher Faccialveta, another Master of the Ceremonies.  
All the Trumpeters and light horsemen marched before, than the Trumpeters of the people, and the Noblemen of Rome, part accompanying the Senate by order of the Pope, which were those, who in the year 1655. had some Office in the Capitol, and part voluntarily coming thither for the greater decorum of their Country. They went all without order of Precedence, and confusedly, as the Marshal of the Camp, and the forty Gentlemen elected before by the Council to attend the new Pope in the Cavalcata of his Possession, and the precedents of Justice, and Overseers of the ways. I would gladly here register the names of each one, as honouring the Senators of a City, the head of the World, but because they were not all known to me at that time, and would be a hard thing how to do it; and perhaps I might miss of the truth, I will only name them (I first of all declaring, I intent not to lessen the worth of the rest, who were then most known unto me, which are John R●nald Monaldeschi of the Signiory of Montecalvello. Vicino Orsino, the Marquis Marcellus Crescentii, Bartholomew Capranica, Cavalier Antonio Griffoni, Francis Pallombara, Count Musius Carpegna, Marius Millino, Fabius Celsi, the Marquis John Peter del Drago, the Marquis Lewes Massemi, Serafino Cenci, Francis Gottifredo, Charles Rapaccioli, Cavalier Stephen Alli, Joseph Degli Annibali, the Marquis Angelo Pallucci, Cavalier Jerome Muti. The Pages of the Governor followed after, and the Senators, with the Batton, a short Sword, and Hat. The Governor on the right hand, and the Senator on the left, and the Conservers, and Prior in the same rank in their Gowns of cloth of Gold, and then behind came the gown Officers of the Governor and Capitol, on the side the Governors' Halberdiers, his two grooms preceding a foot among those of the Magistrates of Rome, called Fedeli.  
Before her Majesty arrived at the bridge Molle, she was met in the meadows without the Gate Angelica by a company of Carabines commanded by Captain Grassi. The foresaid Count Vidman came o'er against the bridge, who had caused Rochetta to be armed, and the bridge on both sides with choice foot, and in the plain beyond the River in a very fine prospect, had reduced into squadrons a great body of a thousand foot, at the head of which was the Sergeant Major Molinari, with six pieces of Artillery, and other Soldiers, which counting the guard of the bridge, were two thousand, who when the Queen was past, gave her very handsome volleys of shot, which were seconded by the discharging of the Canon.  
Her Majesty's Coach stopped, and the Governor, the Senator, Conservers, and Prior, complemented her in the name of the people of Rome, representing the joy of the City for her Majesty's arrival. The compliment was short, for it reigned very hard, and the Queens answer short in returning them thanks, after which they continued the Cavalcata marching together in the following manner.  
The Couriers of the Legates and the Queen, a troop of light horsemen with their Captain, and the Trumpeters, and Carabines of her Majesty's guard, the Trumpeters of the people of Rome, the led-horses of the Legates the drummers of the Capitol, the Pages of their Comrades, of the Prelates, the Senator, Governor, & of the Cardinals. The Drummers of the Governor, the led-horses of the Queen, her Pages, the Trumpets of the Legates, the Officers of the Governor, and of the Capitol, the Cavaliers, or Comrades of the Cardinal Legates, the Gentlemen and Knights of the Queen mixed together, the Conservers, the Senator, Governor, and Master of the Ceremonies, his Holinesses Coach, with the Queen in it, riding forward alone, and the two Cardinals backward, the Prelates of the Legation a horseback, the Coaches of her Majesty, a Troop of Cuirassiers with their Captain the Trumpets and led-horses, the Coaches of the Legates, and others of the Dukes and Cavaliers of the train, and the Halberdiers of the Governor, with a great number of Grooms.  
Being come to the Vineyard of Pope Julius, which is a Palace with a Vineyard, Garden, Courts, Fountains, Walks, and Allies, situate between the Gate of the people, and the foresaid Bridge Molle, the Governor, the Senator, Conservers, and Marshals of the Camp, with the rest of the people of Rome, there complemented her Majesty again, who received them graciously, the serenity of her countenance, and civility to all, especially to Signior Bonelli the Governor, bearing witness of her esteem of the virtue and integrity of this Prelate.  
'Twas past 18. hours when her Majesty arrived at this Vineyard, where alighting out of the Pope's sumptuous Coach, which was all of rich Velvet and Gold, she went into the higher rooms of the Palace, where a Table was nobly furnished with variety of meats, wines, waters, and store of sweetmeats, her Majesty staying there above an hour and a half, till the rain might be over, which hindered the Function very much. But as they were consulting to defer it till a more propitious season, the Heaven, as if ashamed not to give place to so splendid a Triumph, dispersed the clouds in a moment, chased away the darkness, and brought back the Sun, that he might be likewise assistant to the train of so rare, and so renowned a show.  
With the Queen came four of her Coaches of the Germane fashion, driven by Coachmen in a livery of fine Scarlet, trimmed with great Guards of black Velvet bordered with Goldlace, with many servants and attendance in the same. On the Gate of the Palace were three Inscriptions with the arms of her Majesty, which are a sheaf of Wheat traversed by two white Bars in an azure Field, since the three Crowns, and the rest of the empress, which are the proper arms of the Kingdom of Swedland, were voluntarily deposed by her with the said Kingdom, she only retaining the ancient and glorious Ensign of her Majesty's Progenitors.  
In the Court before the Palace, on the left hand towards the City, were squadroned 300. Foot of the free Company of the foresaid Count Vidman, all in good order, with red and yellow Colours, by whom at her entrance she was welcomed with a volley of shot.  
Many persons of quality came to wait on her Majesty, who sweetening the gravity of her Majestic aspect, with her courteous entertainment, received them with all terms of civility.  
All said, they were obliged to the courtesy of this so great Princess, who scattering like the Sun, the light of her favours, makes all that behold her, pay tribute to her affability.  
In the mean time the present, given her by his Holiness, was brought, to wit, a Coach, a Litter, a Chair, and an ambling Nag; the Coach was all of silver, with statues, little figures, cutworks, and mysterious devises of the invention of Cavalier Bernino. The lining, and covering were of azure Velvet, and the fringes of the broad Guards inter-woven with suitable twists, and buttons and loops of Silver, empailed with large, and rich massy studs.  
'Twas drawn by six dapple Coursers, with Furniture of Velvet of the same colour twisted with Silver, with buckles, bridles, and head-strains of the same metal, and Coachmen in the same Livery. The Litter and Chair were suitable to the Coach, the Mules covered with the same, and had the same furniture, and the dapple ambling nag with a woman's riding foot-cloth of the same Velvet, all bespread with little figures finely wrought.  
This Present was given the Queen in the name of the Pope, by my Lord Farnese his Holinesses steward. All the train of the Princes, Prelates, Cavaliers, and others, meeting after 20. hours in this place, by the diligence and good order of the Masters of the Ceremonies, the Cavalcata began to march without any order of precedence, but carelessly rather in the following form.  
Before all went the troop of Cuirassiers of the foresaid Captain Corradino, in the very same manner, as he met the Queen before at Olgiata. The light horsemen of the Guard of the Queen followed after, with Cassocks of Scarlet, each having four great Crosses of black velvet, bordered with large twists of gold. The led horses of the Cardinal Legates with furniture of the livery aforesaid. The Couriers of the Legates, and the Queen. Twelve Mules with Carriages of Crimson velvet, with lace and fringes of gold, studs, and bosses of massy Silver, and bridles of silk and gold. The Grooms of the Chamber of the Legates with coats embroidered with gold. The others road after them without the least observance of Precedence, which they did to avoid the disturbance, that might happen, disorder being thought the best order in this case. The Prince of Gallicano followed after the Prince of Carbognano, both of the family of Colonna, behind whom divers Gentlemen marched, being attended by their Grooms. The Duke of Onano of the house of Sforza, the Prince of Nerula, and Don Lelio his Brother of the house of Orsini, the Duke of Bassanello, Duke Savelli, Duke Altemps, Duke Caffarelli, Signior Mutius Mareri with several Gentlemen confusedly together. Duke Salviato, Duke Strozzi, Duke Lante, Duke Cesi, the two Sons of the Duke Salviati, the Marquis Corsino, the Marquis Patritij, the Prince of Saint Gregory, Duke Muti, Duke Matte●, the Baron Matte●, the Marquis Neri, the Marquis Spada, the Marquis Pallucci, the Marquis del Drago, the Marquis Astalli, the Marquis Tassi, each one with his Grooms, among which there were divers that had fair and splendid liveries. Signior Antonio Gozi a noble man of Venice, Count Medici of Verona, Signior Bonmartini a Gentleman of Padova, with divers other Gentlemen. The Cavalier of Saint James Don john Baptist Jacquetti des Brunes, eight tabours of the people of Rom●, and of the Governor, the Pages of the Cardinal Legates, 24 wardrobe keepers of the Cardinals, who met the Queen, each one with a valose embroidered with sumptuous embossed work in gold, 24. Barbers of the said Cardinals with Silver gilt Maces in their hands, 24. trainbearers of the same in purple apparel, the Prior Lomellino, the Senator Charles Imperiale of Genova, the Prince Don Camillus Panfilio, who appeared in a black suit of satin most admirably embroidered with Silver, shadowed with another thin embroidery of black silk, all bespread and empailed vere richly with diamonds, valued above a hundred thousand Crowns. Besides these he had in his hat three other great pieces of inestimable value at the foot of a rare heron. His Excellence was accompanied by many Cavaliers his Comrades, twelve Pages encompassing him in liveries of black velvet, trimmed all o'er with gold, and their cloaks and sleeves of rich cloth of gold, with chains adorned with jewels about their necks. He was likewise attended by six demi lance men all Officers reform, and in very good equipage, and in fine by thirty Grooms, and four footmen in the said velvet livery, and with the pomp and riches of the same trimming.  
All these clothes, and liveries were wrought in the space of six days, the Masters of the ceremonies not resolving before, if it were convenient, the said Prince should be present at this function, in respect of the mourning he then wore for the death of Pope Innocent his Uncle. The Marquis Bevilacqua came afterwards, divers Gentlemen, ten sheild-bearors, and ten Grooms of the Chamber, in the midst of which came the Litter, and Coach presented by the Pope to the Queen, with the little ladder of Silver to get up, which was carried by a servant. The Trumpets, and tabours of the Cardinal Legates, four Advocates of the Consistory, 24 of the Chamber belonging to the Chancery, the Gentlemen of the train of the Legates in riding clothes richly trimmed, the Marquis del Monte, the Marquis Valerius Santa Croce, the Marquis Malvezzi, Signior Marianus Vecchiarelli, with divers other noblemen among them, Signior Paul Francis Falconiere, the Marquis Cesi, Count Ripa, Count Manescotti, the Count of Fistemberg, Cavalier Passionei, the Marquis Targuinius Santa Croce, Cavalier Baldeschi, fifty Gentlemen confusedly together of several Nations, of the train of the Cardinals and the Ministers of Princes, Count Raymuud Montecuccoli, Count Francis Maria, and Count Lodovick Santinelli, Signior Lilliecron, all three Gentlemen of the Chamber to her Majesty, with other Gentlemen of the retinue of the Queen; Don Nicholas Barberino Prior of Rome, the Prince of Pallestina with clothes extravagantly embroidered with bugles, with button-holes, with diamonds of great worth, and a hatband of great diamonds, with eight Pages all clad with black velvet trimted with gold, whose Cloaks were lined with cloth of gold, and the sleeves of their doublets embroidered with gold, twenty Grooms in the same livery, with Cloaks of black cloth, with broad guards of velvet twisted with gold, and the sleeves of cloth of gold, four footmen, a dog-keeper, a wardrobe-keeper, and another, all clothed like the rest, eight trumpets of his Holiness, four of the Pope's Mace-bearers, the Masters of the Ceremonies, 24 Cardinals in purple habits on mules richly barded, at the head of which were their Eminences Francis Cardinal Barberino, and Julius Cardinal Sacchetti, the others following after, in order to their seniority, the Cardinals Palota, Franciotti, Lodovisio, Cibo, Savelli, Astalli, Retz, Corrado, Imperiale Borromeo, Santa Croce, Aldobrandino Charles Barberino, Azzolino, Odescalch●, Vidman, Sforza, Orsino, and Cossaguti.  
These Cardinals met the Queen a little way out of the gate of the people, and Cardinal Barberino the Subdean, Cardinal Charles di Medici the Dean being absent, complemented the Queen as chief, in the name of all the Sacred College, who was afterwards reverenced by the rest of the Cardinals, who went two together in order in the Cavalcata.  
The two Cardinal Legates (their Legation being ended, which extended not within the walls of Rome) consigned the Queen to the two Cardinal Deacons, who as first in this order, were the Cardinals Orsino, and Costaguti, the said Legates advancing with the rest of the Cardinals, in the places belonging to them.  
Her Majesty was clad in grey cloth called the love of France, embroidered with gold round the bottom, with a stomacher embroidered all over, and a black Scarf on her shoulders tied behind, a black hat on her head with a little gold hatband, without any other ornament of jewels, or flowers, a true mark of the masculine mind of this Princess, who as she does not captivate it to the flatteries of effeminate vanities, so makes it appear, great Princes are not famous for the lustre of their bravery, but the splendour of their actions.  
This great Queen went in the midst of her guard of Swissers all covered with white arms, with such a grace, and daringnes, that like a victorious General of Armies, and conquered Provinces, she seemed, among so great a multitude of people, to go to a glorious and magnificent triumph.  
A great troop of Grooms of her train, and the Cardinals, preceded. The Marquis Hippol●tus Bentivogli, Gentleman of her Chamber, went by her stirrup a foot, and uncovered, being honoured now and then to discourse with her Majesty, who with her grace in speaking, and her gesture subdued the minds of all that beheld, her.  
The chair given her by his Holiness came after, and my Lord Farnese the Steward, than the Bishops that assisted, the Apostolical chief Notaries, the Auditors d● Ruota, the Master of the Sacred Palace, the Clerks of the Chamber, and other Prelates, all clothed in purple, in whom appeared the Majesty and decorum of the Court of Rome.  
The light horsemen of his Holinesses guard, armed with breastplates, and having red Casocks trimed with gold twist, and lances in their hands, with colours at the points, shut up the Cavalcata.  
Behind the horses, which shut up this royal Cavalcata, came the travailing Coaches, and the Coaches of the City of all the great Persons, which were all noble, sumptuous, and enriched with rare furniture, and most sprightly Coursers. After her Majesty's Coaches, came three of Prince Panfilio, which were very splendid, and one among the rest as noble and Majestic, as could be devised, it being all of gold, and embroidery, with admirable metals, and the arms of his family. Two likewise appeared of the Prince of Pallestrina, one of which was rich, and stately, of black velvet with golden fringe, and lined with cloth of gold, the Carving, Figures, Nayle-work, Ironwork, and furniture of the horses, being gilded most splendid and magnificent.  
The gate of the people, by order of the Pope, was finished before by Cavalier Bernino, on the ancient design of Michael Angelo Bonaruota, with some embellishments of the said Cavaliers own invention, and an Inscription representing the happy and fortunate entrance of this Queen into Rome: on the top of the gate aforesaid, they saw appear in a great embossed work, six Mountains, and a star on the top, the Arms of his Holiness.  

The order of the Cavalcata  At all the ends of the streets of the course, St. Mark, Giesu, della Valle, Mount Jordan, di Banchi, the bridge of St. Angelo, and the Suburb, through which the Cavalcata was to pass, stood Soldiers in ranks, and all Coaches were forbidden to stir up and down, and stand in those streets after 18. hours. All the windows were hung with rich tapestries, and full of Ladies and Cavaliers, all the way being covered with a very great number of people. At her Majesty's entrance through the gate of the People, she was welcomed by many Mortarpeices, and Canon brought into the Garden of that convent, the roaring of which was answered by all▪ with an Echo of Praises, and blessings.  
As she passed through, so many peopl who were more desirous to see her, than curious to contemplate the pomp of the Cavalcata, she saluted every one with so cheerful a countenance, and a carriage so tempered with decorum, and courtesy, that she made it appear, she could not stir a foot, but 'twas measured with the compass of her virtue. She often turned herself to speak with their Eminences, Orsini, and Costaguti, and all her words breathed a gravity and sweetness.  
As her Majesty passed the bridge of St. Angelo, 
The honours done her at the Castle of St. Angelo.  Count Jerome gabrieli the Vice Governor of the Castle, stood at the door of the grate of the fortress, at the head of a hundred Musquetiers in array, who took up all the drawbridges to the gate of the Castle, Captain Decius' Laurentini armed with a corselet and pike, standing a little behind him towards the left hand, and on the right Captain Rutilius Ferraccioli the Adjutant of the Fortress. The Soldiers of the Garrison displayed their colours from the walls, and as the Queen passed along, she heard first from the Castle a pleasing harmony of fifes and Sackbuts, which was afterwards seconded by a volley of Muskets, accompanied immediately by the roaring of a hundred and fifty Mortarpeices, and sixty pieces of artillery.  
On the top of the great Tower hung the arms of his Holiness, and the Queen, where likewise were prepared many squibs, and great store of fireworks, which in the beginning of the night had admirable success, the Mottos, and Arms being handsomely seen and illuminated.  
On the Piazza of St. Peter on this, and that side of the Guglia, two battalions of a thousand foot apeice, stood in ranks with two other squadrons of cuirassiers. O'er against the same Piazza near the fountain was squadroned the free Company of Dutchmen of Count Vidman aforesaid, in the midst of two squadrons of Carabines.  
The said Count Vidman was likewise a horseback with several his Comrades, at the head of the said Soldiers, by whose good order, and experienced understanding, every thing was regular.  
This Cavalier was assisted by Sergeant Major Molinati, Captain Corradino, and Grassi, Count Baschi, Buonfanti, Captain Alphonsus Bartoi with the Militia of Frascati, Castle Gandolfo, and Rocca Priora, Captain Anthony Torazzi with the Soldiers of Velletri, and others, commanders of that people, who, the Queen being alighted at the stairs of St. Peter, gave their last volley of shot, which was seconded by twelve pieces of Artillery brought to the said Piazza.  
The end of the Sixth Book.   

The History of the sacred, and Royal Majesty of Christina Alessandra, Queen of Swedland, etc. The Seventh Book.  
The Argument.  
THe Queen after the Cavalcata, is received in St. Peter's Church by that Clergy, and afterwards in the Consistory by the Pope. She visits the Church of St. Marry the greater. She dines with the Pope. From the Vatican she goes to the Palace Farnese, and is there visited by the sacred College, and the Grandees of the City. She visits the Churches of Saint john Lateran, St. James of the Spaniards, Giesu, and the Monasteries di Torre de Specchi, and St. Sixtus; she sees the Castle of St. Angelo, la Sapienza, the Monastery of St. Catharine of Sienna, the Greeks Church, the Roman College, and that of Urban, for the propagation of the Faith. She is present at Academies, and entertained with several Musical Comedies.  

She arrives at St. Peter's.  THE Queen come to St. Peter's, while the Cardinals were dismounted before, to go, and assist the Pope in the public Consistory, did likewise alight, and their Eminences Orsini and Costaguti committed her to the Cardinals Medici and Sforza, they themselves going thence, as the first Deacons, to vest and serve his Holiness.  

Her reception in the Church of St. Peter.  Being ascended the first steps, and come through all that space, to the last which arrive at the Portico of the Church, she saw on the last step my Lord Scanarola the Bishop of Sidoma, Vicar to his Eminence, Cardinal Barberino the Arch Priest of St. Peter, together with all the Chapter of the said Church, which stood attending her. The said Scanarola presented her the Cross to be kissed, and she kissed it kneeling on a cushion of cloth of gold, under which was spread a great carpet of the same. In the mean time, while a great choir of Musicians Sang the Anthem, she is beautiful etc. The Queen entered into the Church in the midst of the said Cardinals, Medici and Sforza. The said Bishop gave her holy water, and by all the quires of the Musicians was begun the hymn of Te Deum.  
This sumptuous Temple was all hung with tapestries out of the wardrobe of Cardinal Barberino, 
The Majestic ornaments in St. Peter's.  among which were fifty eight hangings for doors very splendidly embroidered with gold, with the Arms of her Majesty in the middle, ten of which were embellished with several Mottos, alluding to the glories of this renowned Princess.  
So being preceded by the Clergy, with the Cross, and the foresaid Bishop the Vicar, she was conducted in the midst of the said Cardinals, before the most holy Sacrament, exposed on the high Altar under the great Cupola, where her Majesty prayed kneeling on a Cushion of cloth of gold, with a carpet, and the two Cardinals on Cushions of crimson Velvet.  
Having ended her Prayers, she was carried to the Chapel of the most holy Sacrament, and thence by the secret stairs, she went up, being met at the foot of the stairs of the royal hall by the two said Cardinals the first Deacons, to wit Orsini, and Costaguti, and eigh● Bishops assistants, as likewise by the Duke of Poli of the family of Conti, Master of the Sacred lodgings, and conducted to the consistory in the said royal hall.  

She goes in to the Concistory, and kisses the feet of his Holiness.  Her Majesty advancing in the said royal hall, and entering the consistory, after kneeling three times, kissed the foot, and then the hand of the Pope, his Holiness receiving her in a very courteous manner. Her Majesty's words expressed her joy, for her conversion to the Catholic Faith, as likewise to see herself honoured with such demonstrations of his Holiness. The Pope replied, her conversion was of that great importance, that in Heaven they feasted and rejoiced at it, and expressed more joy, than that she saw on earth, after which the function being ended, the Pope went to his appartament, through the Ducal hall, attended by all the Cardinals, the six Deacons excepted which stayed to accompany the Queen, who entering into the chapel of Sixtus, and passing through the old appartament, went to her own lodgings. The Cardinals were Med●ci, Sforza, Odescalchi, Raggi, the Landgrave, and Charles Barberini.  
On Friday in the evening, the Vigil of our Saviour's Nativity, her Majesty went privately in her Chair, to see the Collation, the Pope uses yearly to give at that time to the Cardinals, and she thought too that night to go down into the Chapel, to observe the functions of the Matins celebrated by the Pope, but being a little ill, she forbore going out of her lodgings.  

She is present at his Holinesses Mass.  The following Morning she was publicly present at the Mass Sung likewise by his Holiness. Her Majesty's place was without the circuit, where his Holiness sits with the Sacred College, on the right hand a little way off from the steps of the high Altar, within a kind of closet adorned without with crimson velvet, with trimming of buttons and sloops of gold, and within with cloth of gold, with a chair on a carpet three steps high from the ground.  
The Pope with the Cardinals, and Prelates, being come into the Church, and ascending his throne behind the high Altar, which was covered with a great pavilion of several tapestries of silk and gold, first prayed, and then vesting himself, went to the Altar, and there sat down in a Chair. In the mean time the Queen left her place, and was brought by the Cardinals Medici and Sforza, with four Bishops their assistants, before his Beatitude, where she kneeling on a Cushion of cloth of gold, 
She receives the Sacrament of confirmation.  received by the hands of his Beatitude the Sacrament of holy confirmation. The Cardinal of Medici was her Godfather in the name of the King of Spain, and added to the name of Christina, that likewise of Alessandra. From thence she returned to her place, accompanied by the Cardinal's aforesaid, and the Bishops the assistants, and the Pope began the Mass. After the Communion of the Ministers of the Sacrifice, 
She communicates.  the Queen did communicate before the Cardinal Deacons, being brought to the feet of his Holiness by the foresaid Cardinals Medici and Sforza, with the four Bishops their assistants, who carried her back.  
After dinner her Majesty went in her Chair to the Church St. Marry the greater, 
She visits the Church of St. Marry the greater.  attended by the guards of the Swissers, the curiassiers, and launciers of his Holiness, with a numerous train of Princes, Cavaliers, and other Gentlemen, among whom Don Anthonio della Cueva, as her Majesty's chief Gentleman of her horse, waited on her a foot near the Chair. She was received at the door by Cardinal Bragadino, in the place of Cardinal Anthony Barberino the Archpriest of the said Church, where when she had adored the most holy Sacrament, she was conducted to the Chapel of Sixtus Quintus to see the holy Cradle of the redeemer of the world, which was with much devotion observed, and honoured by her Majesty. Thence after she had seen the other splendid Chapel of Paulus Quintus, the Altar of which was richly adorned, she returned to the Vatican,  

She dines with his Holiness.  The following Sunday she dined with his Holiness, and the order there observed, was as follows. Two tables stood, the one from the other about two hands breadth, that for the Pope being four fingers higher than the Queens. The Pope sat in the midst in a Chair of red velvet, with a great footstool half a span high. The Queen had a royal seat made on purpose, on the right side under the cloth of state, on the even floor on a Carpet. Don Antonio della Cueva presented her Majesty the Napkin, the Marquis Hippolytus Bentivogli was her Cupbearer, and Count Francis Maria Santinelli her taster. The dinner was suitable to the greatness of so great a Prince, towards a Princess so great.  
Father Oliva a Jesuit made a Sermon peculiar to his spirit and parts. Her Majesty with her usual erudition, having observed that the Father could have brought in a certain place, a passage of St Paul, motioned it to his Holiness, who was extremely edified with the readiness, and learned vivacity of so great a woman, and the Father was likewise astonished when he heard it, who highly commended this virtuous Queens wonderful understanding.  
After dinner her Majesty was diverted with a play represented in most excellent Music, and being the day following entertained a great while by the Pope, she took her leave of him, returning in the evening from the Vatican, to her own habitation in the Palace Farnese, and being highly satisfied, and astonished at the royal, and well ordered entertainment she had there, where she was well attended, by the very good conduct of the officers, with the direction of Signior Horatius Magalotti a Cavalier of Florence, and Cousin to the deceased Cardinal Magalotti Bishop of Ferrara, Brother to Donna Costanza, Barberina Sister in Law to Pope Vrbane the eighth. He had in this occasion the superintendency of all the said house, by the orders of my Lord Farnese his Holinesses Steward, under whom was the Abbot Alexander Magalotti Son to the said Signior Horat●o, appointed to attend Don Antonio Pimentel the Spanish Ambassador, Captain John Baptist Massi, who waited on Don Antonio della Cueva, and Signior Giovanni Battista Minetti, who attended Count Montecuccoli, with many other Gentlemen deputed to the service of the other Cavaliers of her Majesty's train. At her arrival there, she was pleased to look on the front of the said Palace, which abounded with torches, was adorned, and gilt, with the Arms of her Majesty in the midst, those of the Kingdom of Swedland on the right hand, and the others of the Quèens on the left with several Mottos, Hieroglyphics, and Inscriptions.  
All the charges of this Frontispiece amounting to three thousand Crowns, as likewise the royal furniture of the Palace, belonged to the magnificent, and generous Duke of Parma, whose order the Marquis of Maria his Highness' Resident, observed very punctually and exactly.  
Her Majesty was attended from the Vatican to the Palace aforesaid, 
From the Vatican she goes to the Palace Farnese.  with a numerous Cavalcata of Princes, Prelates, and Gentlemen, the windows, and streets, through which they passed, being hung with rich tapestries, and resplendent with an infinite number of lights; and the concourse of people so great, that they could hardly pass with the said Cavalcata.  

The presents given her by the Pope.  His Holiness, in the honours he did this great Princess, made his courtesy, and civility very evidently appear to her Majesty, which he seconded with expressions of his generosity and greatness, in the Presents before mentioned of eight noble coursers, a Coach, Saddle, & furniture, a Chair, and a Litter, valued about two and twenty thousand Crowns. In fine, before her Majesty went to the said Palace of Farnese, his Holiness commanded his officers should make her an abundant provision of all sorts of meats, for the maintenance of her Majesty and train for many days.  
A little before the Queen arrived in Rome, the four Nuntii, sent to meet, and wait on her through the Church's Dominions, came thither, and incontinently fell at his Holinesses feet, to inform him of their journey, and functions, whom the Pope with great kindness received, and expressions of much satisfaction for what they had done. The foresaid Baldocchis repaired likewise thither a little while after, to give him an account of the moneys disbursed according to the orders he received, which the Pope liking well, declared he was fully content with his faithful employment.  
The Queen highly pleased with her commodious and royal habitation, began to receive there the visits of the Cardinals, the Residents of Princes, of the Prelates, and other Grandees of the Court, still giving to all clearer proofs of her rare, and virtuous endowments. She likewise omitted not, to give abundant testimonies of her Piety, by visiting the Principal Churches, 
The Queen visits St. Peter's.  of which she went first to St. Peter's, though vately, doing there her devotions. She went afterwards to St. John Lateran, and went in at the great gate, where his Eminence Cardinal Colonna the Arch Priest, and all the Chapter in their habits, received her, her Majesty kneeling down before the most holy Sacrament, and hearing there Mass, which was said by my Lord Serlupi, after which she went to see the heads of St. Peter and St. Paul. Her Majesty coming out of the sacristy, went into San Giovanni in Fonte, where Constantine the Emperor was baptised, and thence went away, accompanied and attended by the Cardinal aforesaid.  

Afterward St. James of the Spaniards.  The Morning before, her Majesty had been at the Church of St. James of the Spaniards in Piazza Navona, where the feast was kept of the said Saints translation. At the stairs of the Church they found the two Spanish Abassadours, the Duke of Terranuova and Don Antonio Pimentell, who received and accompanied her to the high Altar, which was richly adorned. Don Francisco de Vides, and Don Diego di Caravachal Overseers of the said Church, and Persons of great quality, met her Majesty at the gate, which was decked with cloth of gold of great value. In the great chapel was erected a Pavilion in the form of a little Chamber, which served for a cloth of state, where her Majesty heard Mass, which was celebrated by my Lord Sersale, the Bishop of Bari, a Neapolitan Gentleman, after which she went round the Church, observing the remarkablest things. She taking Coach afterwards with Don Antonio Pimentel, and Don Antonio della Cueva, being followed by the Duke of Terranuova, and the train, went round the Piazza Navona, to see the fine fountain built there by Pope Innocent the tenth of happy memory. The greatness and beauty of this structure exceeds all in Rome of this kind. It represents a very craggy rock, on the summit of which is erected a fair pyramid. At the four corners sit four Colóssusses representing the principal rivers of the four parts of the world. From these cliffs flow divers streams of water, which fall into a great marble cistern, in the midst of which all the Machine is seated. The design of the work is of the renowned Cavalier Sir Laurence Bernini, whose Carving Iron gives life to the marbles themselves, which return him the eternal applauses of glory. The water brought thither, is part of that which comes from the great fountain of Trevi, the most wholesome of Rome, which emulating the happiness of this, sighs one day to see finished the designs begun by the artificer himself. Her Majesty saw likewise the beautiful Palace with the Church in the form of the Rotonda, erected by the foresaid Pope Innocent the tenth.  

Her Majesty visits the Church of Giesu.  Her Majesty then continuing to make still her virtue more conspicuous with devotion, the true ornament of great minds, desired on newyearesday to visit the Church of Giesu, and to do it with the greater solemnity, went thither after dinner with a noble Cavalcata, being accompanied by many Cavaliers, and Gentlemen of Rome. She thought to have entered at the Principal gate of the Church, but the concourse of the people, flocked thither to see her, was so great, that she missed of her design, so as she went in at the door of the house where she met with some difficulty for the multitude of the people. She was received by the father General Gosviri Nickel, who was accompanied by the fathers the Assistants, and all the gravest fathers, not only of the house of the professed, but of the other places, which they have in Rome. Being entered the house, she first of all went up into the Domestic Chapel of St. Ignatius, which is the same room, where he lived, and died, where she honoured the remembrance of that Saint, and saw the riches, and beautiful ornaments answerable to that place.  
From thence she was conducted to the closet, towards the high Altar, whence she might see all the Church, and the very great multitude of people, that were there, but because from that place she could not hear very well the Music, with which they then solemnly Sung the Vespers, she went to another place, more commodious and capacious, which had been adorned before with rich Damasks & Velvets, and accommodated in that manner, that before the place, where the Queen stood with some few, there was a little choir somewhat bigger, which served for an antichamber. The Queen remained here till Vespers were done, feeding both her eyes, with the noble and splendid furniture, with which the high Altar was adorned, and her ears with the excellent Music, which was made in several quires, composed by Signior Bonifacio Graziani the Master of the Chapel of that Church, and a Person renowned for his works which are in print.  
When Vespers were ended, her Majesty having highly been pleased with the dutiful attendance of those Fathers, and tasted of the feast, went away, and repaired some days after to the Monastery of Torre de Specchi, where her Majesty arriving, was received at the gate of the Monastery by the Marquis Valerius Santa Croce, Signior Agostino Maffei, and Signior Paola Maccarani the Deputies of the place, and Mother Donna Maria Giacinta Cesi the Precedent, with many other of the eldest Gentlewomen of that Monastery. Her Majesty went up into the Church, where while she was at Prayer, was Sung a Moletto made on purpose, with a sweet and pleasing melody, with the Queen were the Arch-Bishops Colonna and Torregiani, Don Antonio della Cueva with the Lady his wife, the Prince of St. Gregory, the Marquis Bentivogli, the Counts Santinelli, the Pages, and other Gentlemen of her Majesty's train.  
Being come out of the Church, she went to see, and reverence the habitation of St. Frances of Rome, and divers bodies of the Saints kept there with other relics. Before she arrived at this place, she went into a room, in which was prepared a noble collation of sweetmeats, those Ladies use to make, which much pleased the Queen. Having afterwards seen the rest of the remarkablest things, she departed highly satisfied with the honours done her by those Gentlewomen, who presented her the next Morning with many pretty devises, and particularly with most rare flowers of silk, surpassing as it were, the natural flowers themselves. This Monastery of Torre de Specchi, hath a singular privilege conferred on it by the Popes, that the Ladies may go out when they please, and receive others in, a favour not granted to any other Nuns.  
On the Vigil of the Epiphany her Majesty returned after dinner to the Church of St. John Lateran aforesaid, accompanied by my Lord Farnese his Holinesses Steward, and attended by her own retinue, where she was present at Vespers, after which being followed by the Chapter to the holy stairs, she went up them on her knees. When she was at the top, having leave for herself, and Madame de Cueva, by his Holinesses Brief, to go into the Sancta Sanctorum, she was conducted thither, and saw our Saviour's face, and other innumerable relics. Going thence she went into St. john's at the great gate, and past into the Sacristy, where on a fair Altar, stood exposed many relics within many tabernacles, which were showed to her, one after the other, by two Canons, to wit my Lord Antaldi, and Angelo Peracciano with others their assistants. She saw the Cross of Constantine the Emperor, and that of St. Silvester the Pope, as likewise the Cope which he used, when he consecrated that Church.  
When her Majesty came out of the Sacristy, they showed her the rod of Moses, the pastoral of Aaron, Arca Foederis, and an Altar, where St. john Evangelist preached, which within is full of relics; the table, where our Saviour made his last Supper, and instituted the most holy Sacrament. She saw too the Altar where St. Peter did celebrate, on which none can celebrate but the Pope. Going thence she was accompanied by the said Chapter to the gate, and returned to the Palace of Farnese.  
On the 7th. of January, 
She goes to see the Castle es St. Angelo.  she passing along the great gallery, which uniteth the Vatican to the Castle of St. Angelo, went to see the said Castle, accompanied by the Spanish Ambassadors, the Duke of Serranuova and Don Antonio Pimentel, my Lord Farnese, and Paluzzi Clerk of the Chamber, and superintendent general of the Arms and Fortresses in the Church's Dominions, Don Antonio della Cueva her chief Master of the horse, and Cavalier Jacquetti, the Marquis Hippolytus Bentivogli, Signior di Lilliecron, the Counts Francis Maria, and Lodovick Santinelli Gentlemen of her Chamber, and other Gentlemen of her Court. At the last grate, which does divide the Fortress, she was met by the Vice-governor Count Jerome gabrieli, accompanied by his Principal officers, who waited on her all along.  
As soon as she came within sight of the place of Arms, where the Soldiers of the Garrison stood in ranks, she was welcomed by a volley of shot, which was seconded with two hundred tyre of Mortarpeices, and a hundred of Canon. When her Majesty had seen the most curious and remarkable things, she was pleased to go into the Vice-Governours appartament, where she had a collation of fifty basons of most exquisite sweetmeats of all sorts, each one containing threescore pounds, which immediately after her Majesty had tasted a little of the past of pistachoes, were plundered in a Moment. There were most rare wines, with lemon, and cinnamon waters, of which when her Majesty drank, the Marquis Rentivogli was her Cupbearer, and the Duke of Terranuova presented her the Napkin. This Collation, for the plenty and daintiness, was suitable to the Count's generosity, who to his noble birth hath joined the true experience of military valour. Her Majesty was well pleased with this Cavaliers entertainment, and highly contended she had seen such a beautiful, and regular Fortress, returned from thence to her Palace, being saluted at her going away, first by the Muskets of the squadron aforesaid, and afterwards by all the Mortarpeices, and Artillery, at her entrance into the Castle.  
The first Court of this Castle is quadrangular, and built with much industry, in the midst of which is a machine, or round mole of great height and largeness. This Fabric is very ancient, being built by Elius Adrianus the Emperor, and therefore it was always called Adrian's mole, till it was changed into the title of St. Angelo, by reason the Arck-Angell Michael was seen on the top of it, to put his bloody sword into the scabbard, just as St. Gregory, accompanied by the Clergy and people of Rome, passed by there to go to St. Peter's. Pope Urbane the eighth of glorious memory, fortified it with several regular bulwarks, ditches, and rampards, and divers commodious Fabrics for the Soldiers of the Garrison, having besides erected there a store-house for Arms, and Artillery. In the Tower of this Castle is the old treasury, in which Pope Sixtus Quintus kept his treasure, and is never opened, being sealed with the Pope's Seal. Above there is another treasury, in which the triple Crown of his Holiness is kept, which is seen in solemn processions, being richly empailed with Jewels of inestimable value. The●e is too the treasury of monuments, where the writings of the holy Church, of greatest consequence, are kept, of which at present Signior Carlo Cartari advocate of the Consistory, hath the keeping. There is a covered walk from the Vatican to this Castle, built by Pope Alexander the sixth, and now for the quality of the Situation and Walls, may be said to be one of the best Fortresses of Italy.  
The rest of the time was spent by her Majesty in receiving of visits, and other noble entertainments, becoming her virtuous prerogatives, and especially her great talents in literature. This learned Princess had therefore a particular desire to go see the Sapienza, 
She sees the College of Sapienza.  which is a noble Palace, or Lyceum designed for public studies. She was met at the Gate, and attended by Cardinal Rapaccioli the Vice-Chamberlain in the place of Cardinal Anthony Barberino, who as Chamberlain is the head of that University, being accompanied by my Lord Richi Auditor di Rota, as Lieutenant of the Cardinal Chamberlain, and all the Advocates of the Consistory. The great Hall, and the less, the antecedent▪ were very richly furnished; o'er the door of the first stood her Majesty's picture at length, and in the said Hall was erected a cloth of state, in the midst of which sat the Queen, and the Cardinal on her left hand. The Advocates stood on one side, and at the bottom of the royal seat all the Professors in a ring, and the Bedells with maces of Silver in their hands. On the right hand was prepared a chair for the Professors, whom her Majesty would hear speak. First she desired to hear a Divine, which place was performed by Doctor Peter Maria Passarino of Modena, Procurator General of the Order of St Dominique, who made his rare parts, and deep learning appear, after whom a Physician was desired by her Majesty, so as Signior Giovanni Benedetto Sinibaldi, most learnedly, and to his great praise, discharged his part. Then Signior Henrico Chifellio a Humanist was called, who though a long time blind, showed he hâd seen much in the knowledge of Humanity. Her Majesty seemed afterwards desirous to hear a Philosopher, and Dr. John Baptist di Lezana a Carmelite, was not wanting to give laudable testimonies of his knowledge, whom Signior Giacomo Cincio a Canonist succeeded, who rarely performed his part, and gave the Queen great satisfaction. The Mathematician Don Antonio Santini did the like, who in his demonstration on paper, came down from the chair to satisfy her Majesty's curiosity, who desired to see it nearer her.  
The Queen was asked afterwards, if she pleased to hear the Professors of tongues, and she seeming content, several of them went into the chair one after the other, fully satisfying the genius of her Majesty. The first was Signior Giovanni Battista Giona Galileo, who in the Hebrew tongue, explained a passage in Genesis, the second Signior Gulielmo Artio, who discoursed in Greek of Philosophy, the third Signior Abramo Ecchlensio, who in the Syriaq●é tongue, displayed some points relating to the knowledge of it, and the fourth Don Philippo Gua●agnolo, who in the Arabic and Chaldean tongue, disputed against some points of the Alcoran of Mahomet.  
This royal entertainment being ended, the Advocates of the Consistory presented her Majesty in a hundred and twelve volumes, the works in print of the Professors of that study, as well of those now living, as the others lately dead, which volumes were all bound richly in Gold, with the Arms of her Majesty, she had too a Catalogue in print of the works aforesaid, with an elegy composed by Count Charles Emanuel Vizzani, one of the Advocates of the Consistory, and a person of great fame. Thus ended the visit with extraordinary satisfaction to her Majesty for the nourishment, which with her rare understanding, she had found in the qualities of such eminent Persons, this Princess being likewise astonished, as well at the various, and solid literature, and learning, as the other great parts, which with her refined judgement, she discovered in the said Cardinal Rapaccioli.  
Her Majesty had likewise a desire to see the noble Monastery of the Nuns of St. Catharine of Sienna, 
She visits the Monastery of St. Catharine of Sienna.  of the order of St. Dominick, seated on the Mountain Magnanapoli, in which they receive only Ladies of great quality. At the Gate of the said Monastery, she was received by the Prioress, sister Emilia Cenci, with other Nuns, which stood in ranks on both sides, with the Queen went in the Father General of the Dominicans of the Family of the Marquess' Marini of Genova, a person much esteemed for the nobleness of his birth, his good life, and great learning; Father Guemes her Majesty's Confessor, the Archbishop Forregiani, and four others of the most eminent Fathers of the Order of St. Dominique. She went presently into the Choir, where she was welcomed with a consort of several musical instruments, and heard with much pleasure a Moletto sung most tightly. From thence she was conducted under a Canopy to the Hall, where two tables were furnished with a noble collation. Here staying a little, she afterwards went up into the Tower, from which she discovering not only all Rome, but much of the Country there abouts, was so pleased with the prospect, that she stayed there two hours with great satisfaction, coming afterwards down into the Church, and hearing there Mass, she returned from thence to her Palace, whither the Nuns sent her Majesty many pretty devises, with a little Cofer of Carnation satin embroidered with Gold, in which was a relic of St. Catharine, and another of San Romano, with a relic of St. Nicholas da Bari in crystal, and six viols of Manna of the said Saint, all embroidered with Silver, with several flowers of ambre, and silk, which her Majesty most kindly accepted, as a testimony of the generous respect of those Ladies towards her person.  
She was pleased too to visit the Convent of the Nuns of St. Sixtus, of the most noble order of St. Dominick, seated in Quirinale on the Mountain Magnanapoli, for nobleness and beauty equal to the other there contiguous, of St. Catharine of Sienna of the same order. Her Majesty went in, accompanied by my Lord Forregiani, the Father General, the Father Procurator, and her Majesty's Confessor, all Dominicans. The Prioress sister Raimonda Colonna, assisted by the rest of the Nuns, received her at the Gate, and waited on her, throughout all the Monastery and Garden, the fineness and neatness of which buildings, together with the beauty of the seat, pleased highly her Majesty, who had there a noble Collation.  
On the 16. of January her Majesty going into the Coach, 
And the Church of the Grecians.  which his Holiness gave her, accompanied by the Princes, Prelates, and other Cavaliers, went to the Greeks Church, which was adorned with very rich Hangings, especially the Cloister called Sancta Sanctorum, as also the door of the Sacristy, where a throne was erected for her Majesty, to the end she might see the better the Ceremonies they did within the Sancta Sanctorum. She was received in the Church by Father John Rho, Provincial of the Society of Jesus, and Father Octavius Massa Rector of the Greek College. At her Majesty's arrival they began the Greek Mass, which was sung by my Lord Laurence Constantino Archbishop of Cassandra, with three Priests, a Deacon and Subdeacon, they using the same ceremonies the Greek Church is accustomed to do, when the Bishop does solemnly celebrate, the said Prelate vesting himself in a pontifical habit, in the midst of the Choir on a little throne.  
Her Majesty was much pleased with this ceremony, and showing, she understood well those rites, discoursed of them with Signior Allatio of the City of Scio, a person of great learning, who was expressly there to satisfy her Majesty's demands. The Queen saw their communion, and when the Mass was done, a Priest, bringing to her the bread that was blessed, she tasted some of it. The said ceremonies being ended, she arose up very gladly, having satisfied in that her curiosity, which desired to understand, and know all things, and was accompanied out of the Church, by the Father's aforesaid, and other Cavaliers.  
As she was never idle, so to exercise continually her mind, and entertain it in noble and virtuous habits, besides musical Consorts, which from time to time she had in the evenings, in her lodgings, 
She desires to hold an Academy in her own Palace.  at which great Personages were present, she gave order to Count Francis Maria Santinelli Gentleman of her Chamber, to bring her a list of the persons famed for learning, and experienced in the Academies of Rome, and acquaint them with her Majesty's desire, to have them hold their Academies in her Palace. And as every one justly sought, to show her a dutiful respect, not only with the tribute of reverence, but with their parts, and talents, so they were most ready to comply with her desires, which no sooner were made known unto them, but many fruitful wits, with which the Court of Rome still abounds, were employed in her praises.  
The Fathers of the Society, who justly may be called the Oracles of the Sciences, not permitting their sublime wits to sleep, nor their fortunate Pens to be idle, as they knew, that the Queen, so great a lover of learning, 
She sees the Roman College.  would see their Roman College, the most happy schools of the Sciences, and piety, so they put those compositions together, which they thought not so much to be suitable to the ornament of the place, as meet for the reception of a woman, who exceeded the capacity of men in the knowledge of the most profound literature. And indeed in the rich mine of their sublime wits, they found so much matter, that all that beheld it, were astonished and amazed at the numerous, and proper applications of so many images, Mottos, Hieroglyphics, and Emblems, all alluding to the Person alone of this renowned Princess.  
On the 18th. of January after dinner her Majesty came to the said College with her usual attendance, accompanied by so many Persons, that she could hardly get in herself, though the gate was well looked to by the Guards of the Swissers, set expressly there to hinder the disorders, which usually occur in the like crowds and throngs.  
At the entrance into the said College was a great quadrangle, with walks round about supported by Pillars, under which in three parts the Schools are extended. All the Pillars were adorned with the pictures of women remarkable in learning, with their medals of embossed work coloured like brass, and under two thick pastboords of the like embossed work. In the first they read the elegy of each one, which was still applied to the qualities of the Queen, and in the second they saw a Motto on the same subject. In the semicircles of the Arches, the Universities and Colleges, in which those Fathers teach, were painted with their Inscriptions. Between the Pillars, and each door of the Schools were represented the particular donatives of each City offered to the Queen, and displayed underneath with an Epigram written within a wreath supported by an Angel.  

The description of the Roman College which was adorned to receive her.  The second place was the room of the gate, through which they go into the College. In this they represented the statues of the Queen's renowned for their reigns, expressed in darkish colours, and standing on their bases, under which in several pastboords hung their Eulogies, all applied to her Majesty. Between one statue and another on a great gilt pastboord were the Emblems relating to the virtues required in Princes, and under the Epigrams of the Emblem. All these rooms seemed adorned with red damask with twisted gold, being so naturally painted, that they cozened the eyes, in case they were not touched. The leaf-workes had interchangeably on them the Arms of her Majesty, and the Mottos alluded to the virtues aforesaid.  
In the third place were extended the little walks, which are behind this room, in the which as contiguous to the garden, was painted most excellently a beautiful garden, with a prospect of various Pillars, in which were written eulogies and odes on the Empresses and Queens renowned for their virtues and piety, on the doors four Emblems with their Epigrams being delineated. The fourth and last place was the space between the sacristy and the Church, and there they saw painted the Empresses and Queens come to Rome, to honour there the Vicars of Christ. The painting represented a plain, in which were erected great Pyramids, in every one of which was imprinted an Elegy in praise of that picture, which still had relation to her Majesty, between the one Pyramid and the other, was a feigned bound of brass, which held up an ode on the same subject, and on the other between these, hung a paper with an Epigram.  

The honours done her Majesty.  The Church of the said College, dedicated to St, Ignatius the founder of the Society of Jesus, albeit not yet finished, was most beautifully adorned. As her Majesty went in at the great gate, she saw on the first arch within, an inscription containing the argument of all the preparation, and in the space between the great gate, and the walks of the Court on the right hand was painted the heavenly wisdom desired by Solomon, and preferred before riches, and Kingdoms, on the left hand Pallas, the wisdom of the ancient Gentiles, who with her spear made an Olive-tree grow up in opposition to Neptune, who caused a horse to appear. All this was displayed in 4. odes, written on thick past-boards, supported by the bounds in four pillars, and in four others the Sibyls and Muses, who with their predictions, and verses alluded to her Majesty. She went afterwards up into the room o'er the Gate, where a throne being prepared, she was complemented by Father Lodowick Bompiani the Rector of the said University, with a Latin oration.  
Being come without the Court, she went up and down all the Schools, in every one of which, she was welcomed by one of the most eminent Scholars, with a short Epigram. Being afterwards returned into the said room, o'er the gate, she was by Father Rho the Provincial, informed of the contents of that noble preparation, and heard him read the names of those renowned Princesses. Thence she went into the Church, where she heard a motetto with most exquisite music, and afterwards departed.  
This virtuous preparation was most curious, and noble, and therefore the concourse of the people, to see, and admire it, was great.  

She goes to the College of Urbane for the propagation of the Faith.  On the first of February her Majesty went to see the College of Urbane for the propagation of the Faith, where Cardinal Capponi, as Vice-prefect of that Congregation, in the absence of Cardinal Anthony Barberino the Perfect, was ready to receive her. She was first conducted into the printing-house, where they print two and twenty several tongues, and she saw in an instant some sheets printed in eight languages, in which were the following words, May Christina live for ever. The languages were Latin, Greek, Syriaque, Arabic, Hebrew, Caldean, Coptick, and Armenian. She went afterwards into the great Hall, which was hung with crimson damask with twisted Gold, where her Majesty sat under a cloth of state, in a chair raised two steps from the ground, the Cardinal sitting on her left hand in a lower chair. On the four corners of the said Hall, were fastened four Epigramms on the four parts of the World. At her entrance she was welcomed by the Scholars in two and twenty languages, none of them exceeding two periods, which were afterwards presented her in print in a book with this title. 
The curiosities seen in the said College.  The agreement of tongues in celebrating the praises of Christina Queen of Swedland. This action ended with an invitation of one of the Scholars to the rest, to contract in the Latin tongue alone, what could be expressed in the rest by all the College, to wit the said words, that were printed; may Christina live for ever, which were seconded, not only by the Scholars, but all the standers by to her Majesty's great content. She then accompanied by the said Cardinal, went into the Library, in which all the printed books are kept, and here they found six Scholars, with six great basons of Silver, in which, in stead of sweetmeats, seventy two volumes of several works, in two and twenty languages, were presented to her, which pleased her extremely.  
At her Majesty's going out of the Library, she had some compositions presented her likewise in print in several tongues in her praise, to whom they also showed a great store-house full of volumes printed for the service of the apostolical missionaries, all in several languages, her Majesty confessing, that in no other part of the World, there was the like printing-house for variety of tongues.  
All the order aforesaid was by the direction of my Lord Dionysius Massari the Secretary of the said Congregation.  

She goes again to the Roman College.  Her Majesty unable, for the great throngs of people, to see at her ease, and as she desired, the many Compositions, Pictures, Mottos, and Inscriptions set out in the said Roman College, resolved to go thither again, and privately entered there at the back door, being received by the General, Father Rho the Provincial, and Father Lodovick Bompiani the Rector, and many others of the Society.  
She quickly went into the Library, which besides a vast number of choice volumes, is beautifully adorned with the Pictures of all the Cardinals of the Society, & others, that are famous for their writings, as likewise of their noble benefactors, among which was more remarkable than the rest, 
The splendid Library of the deceased my Lord Coccino:  the Picture of the deceased my Lord John Baptist Coccino a Venetian, who thought he could not better establish the memory of his glories, his immortal pains, and incomparable deserts, as well towards the service of the apostolical Sea, as all learned men, than by leaving to the said Roman College his most precious and copious Library, with all his choice Manuscripts.  
Here her Majesty entertaining herself for some time, 
The remarkable things she saw in the Roman College.  in viewing the many volumes, took pleasure too in looking on the Model and Platform of the City of Jerusalem, which was left by Father Villal-pando, with the description of the streets, and holy places, consecrated by the journeys and passions of our Lord Jesus Christ. She then going about the other sides, discovered some Greek and Latin Manuscripts lying open on a Table, and could judge of the Authors, showing very great learning. She went thence into the gallery, that was near, where Father Athanasius Nircherius the great Mathematician had prepared many curious and remarkable things, as well in nature, as art, which were in so great a number, that her Majesty said, more time was required, and less company to consider them with due attention.  
However she stayed some time to consider the herb called Phoenix, which resembling the Phoenix grew up in the waters perpetually out of its own ashes. She saw the fountains, and clocks, which by virtue of the load stone turn about with secret force. Then passing through the Hall, where she looked on some Pictures well done, she went through the walks and the garden, into the Apothecary's shop, where she saw the preparation of the ingredients of herbs, plants, metals, gems, and other rare things, for the making of treacle, and balsam of life. She saw them distil with the fire of the same furnace sixty five sorts of herbs in as many distinct limbecks. She saw the philosophical calcination of ivory, and the like. She saw extracted the spirits of Vitriol, Salt, and Aquafortis, as likewise a jar of pure water, which with two single drops of the quintessence of milk, was turned into true milk, the only medicine for the shortness of the breath, and affections of the breast. In fine being presented with treacle, and precious oils, she went into the sacristy, where they opened all the presses, where they keep the Plate, and relics of the Church, with the great candlesticks, and vases given them by the deceased Cardinal Lodowick Lodovisio the founder of the Church. She honoured particularly the blood of St. Esuperantia a Virgin and Martyr, which, after a thousand and three hundred years, is as liquid as if newly shed. Then going into the Church she heard Mass, and at her departure, gave testimonies to the Fathers of her great satisfaction and content.  

She institutes an Academy in her own Palace.  Among these entertainments, whither sacred, or curious, the Queen forgot not those of her mind, in the recreations of learning. Some principal Gentlemen of the Academy of Rome invited to comply with her Majesty's desire, very willingly concurred with their virtuous attendance, and talents to obey her, 
The names of the Academians.  holding once a week an Academy before her. They were Don Pompeo Colonna Prince of Gallicano, the Prince of St. Gregory, Marquis Scipio Santa Croce, the Marquis Frederick Miroli, Count Lodowick Santinelli, Count Vlderick Fiumi, Count Francis Maria Santinelli, Signior Carlo Rapaccioli, Signior Ottavio Falconieri, the Marquis Francis Ricci, the Abbot Francis Cesis, Signior Giovanni Lotti, Signior Sebastiano Baldini, Signior Gio. Francisco Melosio, Signior Antonio Abbati, Signior Camillo Rubiera, Signior Tiberio Cevoli, the Abbot Vincenzo Maculani, Cavalier Mark Antonio Meniconi, Don Caesare Colonna, and Signior Gio. Francisco Sinibaldi.  
The first Academy began in the evening on the 24. of January, in which the Prince of Gallicano made appear his solid learning, and wit, with a lecture in honour of the Pope, Alexander the 7th. the other Academians seconding with their compositions, the applauses due to him, who for the fair union of piety and learning, makes the Vatican throne resplendent. 
The contents of divers Academies held before her Majesty.  In the second Academy the Prince of St. Gregory discoursed, sprightly proving, that the rigour and discourtesies of Ladies, are sometimes the arguments, and subtleties of love.  
In the third the Marquis Frederick Miroli made the problem, who gave abundant testimonies, he was no less conspicuous in the knowledge of the sciences, than in valour, and arms. He argued whither the day, or the night were more proper for a poetical fury, and on the same subject, Signior Gio. Francisco Sinibaldi spoke learnedly, who made his virtuous qualities appear. The conclusion was in favour of the night, which appeared with the twelve hours before her, who were persons most beautifully adorned, with lighted torches in their hands, and followed by four stars artificially, dressed, which were the two Brothers, the Counts Santinelli, and two others, their friends. The Night sang some verses in thanks to the Academians, for the honour done her in making her the theatre of their wits, and the four stars danced the Ganaryes most gracefully. This was the invention of Count Francis Maria Santinelli, who being to make the problem in the fourth Academy, made his virtuous parts appear in an Academical lotterye, in which every one recited something on his chance.  
The last problem, which ended the Academy, was concluded by the Abbot, Francis Cesis, and Signior Francisco Melosi, and 'twas, whither the love was more durable, and powerful, that comes on a sudden, or that which is bred by conversation.  
'Twas fit that some martial entertainments should second those of learning, and therefore the Prince of Palestrina with a company of Cavaliers, 24. in number, to show his respects to her Majesty (he imagining, to her eyes, accustomed to the harshness, and wars of the North, martial objects might likewise be grateful and pleasing, but much more the sweeter, and calmer of Italy) resolved, di fare una festa de Carosselli.  
To these recreations, the great and generous Barberines' added three musical Plays, most splendidly recited in their Palace at the four Fountains.  
On the last of January in the evening they recited first a musical Play entitled the triumph of piety, or the life of man. The matter was all moral, and becoming the beauty of the scenes, 
The Comedy entitled the triumph of piety recited to her Majesty in the Palace of the Prince of Pallestrina.  which were very handsome, as well for the learned composition, as the sweet and most exquisite music. The composition represented the arts and deceits, with which pleasure, and guilt seek still to overwhelm the understanding and innocence; the remorse of conscience in pursuing them, constancy in rejecting them, and frailty in complying with them.  
A curtain being drawn, the Night appeared in a shady scene. The dawning of the day began to be seen, and afterwards a little by little the sum, which with wonderful art made the Theatre all resplendent. The mornning from her silver Chariot, strewing many sweet flowers, and awaking the Shepherds to their business, was the prologue, after which in a very fine prospect, was a City with two opposite rocks, the one of the understanding, and the other of pleasure, who disputed very earnestly together, each one endeavouring to beat down the reasons of the other.  
Humane life coming afterwards forth between innocence and guilt, 
The moral contents of the Comedy.  each of them endeavoured to vanquish the senses, pleasure and guilt insinuating delight, the most fit machine for the moving of the will, and with this they provoked her, sometimes to lasciviousness, which is an excess of desire without reason, sometimes to idleness the Father of all vice, now to gourmandizing the mother of luxury, now to avarice, which destroys faith and goodness, sometimes to pride, the ruin of all virtue, sometimes to anger the beginning of madness, and sometimes to envye, which spoils all friendship, and defiles another's glory.  
The understanding, and innocence on the other side represented to life, in opposition to lasciviousness, the beauty of temperance, which is the foundation of a man's happy life. Idleness they opposed with exercise and study, the Fathers of virtues and glory, and gourmandizing with abstinence, the true arms to vanquish the sensual temptations. Against avarice they set liberality, the soul of reputation, and guide to Paradise. Against pride humility, which makes us worthy of compassion with men, and of mercy with God. Against anger patience, which o'ercomes and conquers all difficulties, and in fine against envy the contempt of earthly things, one of the greatest parts of generosity.  
Life invaded by goods, and provocations, now yielded to the allurements of pleasure and guilt, now recollected itself, and adhered to the admonitions of the understanding and innocence, and contending thus with moral discourses, very learned, and most excellently sung, they ended several acts, and changed the scene the se●ond time which with admirable beauty represented a delicious, and well severed Garden, adorned with statues, and such rare partitions, that with the addition of the fountains, and a most strange fall of water, made it one of the most beautiful prospects, that could possibly be seen. In fine in the third scene, in which they saw a most pleasant meadow full of trees, fruit, and flowers, and a distance of place, where the Vatican appeared, the Frontispiece and Cupola of St. Peter's, the new Suburbs, and Castle of St Angelo, guile and pleasure disguised like the understanding and innocence, endeavour to cozen life, with the provocations and artifices proper to malice, and the cunning of the wicked, but the understanding and innocence, coming forth in their own true appearance, and finding life in those ambuscadoes, discovering to her the deceits, with which pleasure and guilt seek to lull her asleep, and betray her, make her see her own error and frailty, and to fortify and defend her from all other surprises and ambushes, give her a ring of Gold, with a deaths-head in stead of a Jewel, admonishing her, that if she shall still think of death, after which the greatest thing is reduced to nothing, she shall find whosoever thinks of death, never ceases to live well. In this manner they ended the Play, in which followed several intermediums of dances, and musical consorts, with instruments suitable to the pleasure of so virtuous a recreation, they afterwards concluding with a dance admirably performed by two excellent dancers, and with the appearance of a squib full of fireworks, accompanied with the noise of many mortar pieces.  
When the Queen had taken pleasure in beholding the noble appartaments, and rich furniture of that royal Palace, which was adorned with excellent Pictures, she went down the private stairs to the Theatre, in the middle of which within a partition, and under a cloth of state, she heard with such attention and content, the morality of that action, that judging it very suitable to her rare understanding she desired to be present twice there, she praising much the subject, 
The Author of the Composition.  and composition, the fruit of the rare wit of the Abbot Rospigliosi, a person as eminent in learning, as remarkable for his noble condition, it being enough to say, he is the deserving Nephew of my Lord Rospigliosi Secretary of state to his Holiness, whose capacity of the greatest affairs, is accompanied with goodness, and literature in the highest degree. The music was ordered by Signior Marco Marazzoli the famous Musician of his Holinesses Chapel, and the Actors were Signior Bonaventura Argenti, who acted man's life, Signior Domenico Rodomonte who represented innocence, Signior Domenico del Pane the Actor of guilt, Signior Lodowick Lenzi of the understanding, Signior Francisco de Rossi of pleasure, and Signior Gioseppe Sorilli of the prologue, all exquisite Musicians, and very fine Actors.  
In the mean time the Queen on the 18. of February visited the Church of St. Peter, all the Clergy receiving her at the Gate. 
She visits the famous relics kept in St. Peter's.  Thirty Canons in their rotchets, coaps and white skins, with 38. Priests, and 26. beneficed Clerks, waited on her Majesty, who when she had adored the most holy Sacrament, went down into the grots below the Church, where her Majesty heard Mass in a Chapel near the bodies of St. Peter and St. Paul; she saw afterwards the records that are there of the shrines of the ancient Popes, and in her return was conducted by my Lord Farnese, my Lord Fibei, and my Lord Marescotti, all three Canons of St. Peter, to see the famous relics of the lance which pierced the side of Christ, a part of the Cross, on which he was crucified, and the print of our Saviour's face on a handkerchief, the Volto Santo, relics so highly esteemed, and kept with such care, that they cannot be seen near at hand by any one, albeit he were a Cardinal, unless he be a Canon of the said Church, without the special leave of the Pope, who issues forth a Brief in such cases, as he did to the Queen with this clause, let her alone see them. Her Majesty admired the said relics with particular devotion, and went thence to see all the rest of the things, kept there for the greater decorum within a Chapel of the Sacristy.  
Two days after her Majesty went to the Church of the Conventualls of St. Francis dedicated to the holy Apostles, where she was met and attended by Father Fel●x d' Ascoli the General of that Order, and the most qualifyed Fathers of the Convent. At her Majesty's entrance into the Church, they gave signs of joy with ringing the Bells, and playing on the Organs, and Music, and the Father aforesaid gave her the holy water when she had adored the blessed Sacrament, and visited the two Altars of St. Francis and St. Anthony of Padova, in the arch-confraternity of which she desired to be registered, she heard Mass and departed.  
On the following Sunday her Majesty went the second time to the Benedictine Nuns of the conception of St. Mary in Campo Martio, 
She goes to the Church of the Nuns in Campo Martio.  and as the first time she saw only the Church, she now would see the monastery, into which she entered accompanied by the Deputy, and received and attended at the Gate by Dame Tecla Rotolante the Abbess, Dame Deodata Baccini the Prioress, and the rest of the Nuns. Her Majesty was conducted into the choir, and heard Mass, a motetto being sung by the angelical voice of Dame Maria Alessandro Galvani, she went afterwards into a great room, furnished with crimson damask fringed with Gold, with her state, chair, and footstool of the same, where she heard, without offence to her modesty, a very fine motetto, which was sung in her praise, though she was better pleased, when she heard divers others, the sweetness of which diminished the bitterness instilled into her by the first. After this they gave her Majes●● a noble collation, which was seconded with a present of seven basons full of several fine devises, sent her to her lodging, which her Majesty most kindly accepted.  
On the fifteenth of February, her Majesty extremely desirous, 
She goes to the Vineyard of Prince Panfilio.  to see the most remarkable things of the great City of Rome, went to view the Vineyard of the Prince Don Camillo Panfilio, called Belrespiro near San Pancratio, where she found the said Prince accompanied by my Lord Torreggiani, and many Cavaliers the Comrades of his Excellence, who waited on her all about the Garden, and the appartaments of the Palace, putting into her hand a stick all gilt, and beset with precious stones.  
When her Majesty accompanied by the Prince, whom she would never suffer to be uncovered, had with great content, walked all about the Garden, which is one of the fairest, and most lovely of Rome, and the Prince had caused to be made with design and vast charge, she went into the Palace adorned with the preciousest furniture, giving lustre and magnificence to a house, where she found prepared a royal collation of most exquisite sweetmeats, 
The presents made by the said Prince to her Majesty.  and remained some time, the Prince presenting her the Cup, and the Duke of Ceri the napkin. Then observing the pictures, which are there in great abundance, and most excellent, she liked, amongst others, a Danae done by Hannibal Caracci, which the Prince perceiving, without speaking any thing caused to be presented to her, with another of his best Pieces, just as she returned to her Palace, having at her departure from the Vineyard given her the said stick beset with Jewels. The Prince some days before, having heard she would make a little Coach for her own use, sent her one of crimson Velvet, and Silver, wrought majestickly and artificially in the gallery of the great Duke of Florence.  
The Carneval afterwards approaching, which in Rome begins only ten days before Lent, the Queen some few days before had intimated to the Prince, she would come to his house, to see the maskings and horseraces used at that time. His Excellency very glad of the honour, the night before the Saturday, on which they begin, caused a handsome long scaffold to be reared before his Palace in all haste.  
It represented a long pulpit supported by Pillars, and on the sides had two arms bending inwards a little, the one for the Cavaliers of her Majesty's train, and the other for the Ladies. In the middle with a fine row of pillars, and little chapters of Gold, and cornishes of mettle, the history of Alexander the great was epitomised in fine and noble painting. The box appointed for her Majesty, had gilded parapets of iron with the arms of Swedland, and was defended from the air with long windows of fine glass wrought with gold, with the arms of her Majesty.  
Within it was hung with embroidery in Gold on blue Velvet, with a throne, and royal state, and the arms of her Majesty, and her Kingdoms, in the richest purled twist. This as each thing else, that was done in such an occasion, was by the design and architecture of his Excellence himself, a Prince of a sprightly and admirable understanding in all things.  
Every time her Majesty repaired to the Palace of this Prince, she, with her train, had a noble collation of sweetmeats, and he kept open house. Every evening the boxes abounded with Torches of white wax, and the first three nights they made very fine bonfires.  
The entertainment the Queen had the first evening was a musical Play, 
The honours done her Majesty by Prince Panfilio.  acted by three waiting women of the Princess of Rossano his Excellences wife, which pleased so her Majesty, she desired to see it again the next night, though the Princess had prepared another divertisement like it, which was deferred till the third evening, and liked by her Majesty, with the same good fortune to be acted several times. The composition of the words was by Signior Giovanni Lotti, and the music by Tenalia, both persons very famous.  
With such recreations the Prince entertained her Majesty till the last night of Carneval, in which he made wonderfully appear his own wit and generosity, for after a royal collation, and abounding with all the new fruits they could get in despite of the harshness of the season, he conducted the Queen into a great room, adorned with most splendid, and inestimable furniture, where she saw, sitting under a state, the furniture in a moment vanish out of the Chamber, a fair Sea there appearing in a beautiful prospect, and ingeniously contrived within that narrow place: 
The Queen's recreations in the house of the said Prince.  she saw then immediately Venus and Cupid descend from above, in a Chariot drawn by two Pigeons, without seeing what supported it in the air, insomuch as the Queen, and all that were there, were amazed and astonished.  
Venus' being come to the earth with her Son, heard Cupid's complaints, who accused the Ladies of Tybur for being too rigid, and the authority of his Mother not appeasing his anger, he shot some arrows towards the Ladies, and together with Venus returned to the Chariot, both of them singing jointly the praises of her Majesty.  
As they vanished they sang a little song, inviting some Ladies, who formerly were followers of Cupid, to give with a dance some refreshment to them he had subdued. The machine vanishing away, from the sides of the maritime scene issued forth eight Ladies of the Princess aforesaid, most splendidly apparelled, with lighted Torches in their hands, and danced a rare dance, establishing love with those unstable motions, and securing the motions of the will with the measure of short distances.  
After this the room was refurnished as before, and her Majesty was so highly contented, that she publicly declared, she had not seen any thing in Rome, to her greater satisfaction.  
The words were composed by the said Prince Don Camillo, who presented her Majesty with a song made by him on her renouncing of her Kingdoms, which was much commended by her, she celebrating the Prince for a very virtuous person, and deserving all praise and applause.  
Still in all these actions, the Princess of Rossano was accompanied by many Princesses and Ladies, and several Princes and Cavaliers were with the Prince, who had every day rich clothes, with strange and new inventions. The same did the Princess, who had Jewels of inestimable value. This Princess with her prudence, and most noble carriage, 
The eminent qualities of the Princess of Rossano.  made it evidently appear, her mind is as illustrious and generous, as her family is great, she being the Niece of many Popes, and allied to many Potentates in Italy.  
The Abbot Caesar Malvicino, and Signior Carlo Centosiorini, the former the Secretary, and the latter the chief Gentleman of the horse to the Prince aforesaid, still assisted at these functions, as likewise Signior Mario Raviera his Excellences domestic Gentleman, who applied himself to it very earnestly.  
In Carneval-time notwithstanding these virtuous entertainments, her Majesty showed her piety in visiting several Churches, and particularly that of Giesu, where with a most splendid preparation, the forty hours were exposed.  
On a scaffold in fine order appeared six mountains the arms of his Holiness, 
The noble preparation in the Church of Giesu.  on the top of which, according to the prophecy of Isaiah they saw the Church sitting in a beautiful manner, who, while with her left hand she supported the cross, with the other pointed at the sublime throne of glory, on which they discovered the Saviour of the World. On the two contiguous mountains were erected two figures representing Religion, and contemplation, while the theological virtues placed on the three mountains below, did court and attend her.  
At the feet of the mountains they saw come from all parts throngs of people to do homage to that great Monarchess, and captivate their understandings convinced in obedience to the Catholic Faith. Those personages afterwards appeared, who thought it a thing of glory, and desert to prefer the reproach of the cross before worldly greatness. They represented too the Princes, Kings, and Emperors, who showed they regarded not their titles, but to have some worthy argument, to make known to the World their esteem of the true Religion, while for the love of it, they despised those dignities. There were likewise Princesses and Queens, whose piety was as generous; and as the famous Painters had given life and eloquence with their pencils, to the Pictures, so they were all contented with their state, but in a certain manner confessed, they were conquered with the modern miracle of a courageous and masculine woman, who remarkable in the midst of the rest, with a countenance breathing majestic, as well as devotion, the more she endeavoured to obscure the titles of a Queen, acquired them the more.  
The three Crowns and Sceptres, the victim offered up by her to the Catholic Faith, she did not now behold, but every one admired them, and it seemed she would plant them in that mountain, she judging it worthy to have Sceptres for trees, and Diadems for flowers, where Monarches, and Princes excited by her singular example, might, instead of birds, build their nests.  
To this great Lady, the supreme Commandress of the mountain bowed her face, as if she had said, many daughters have heaped up riches, and thou exceedest them all; You would have thought, in so pleasing a sight, the holy Church sucking consolations with her eyes, and milk as it were from so many breasts, as there were triumphant souls, increased to the eyes of the beholders, and with those mountains quickened with some invisible breath, was raised much higher.  
Behind the Mountains and Personages, they discovered several fine distances, which was all in the low region.  
But the eye looking upwards, entered into a Paradise, which being wide open, while it would be a Spectator of what was done on earth, became a delicious, and fortunate spectacle to way-faring men. It extended itself in many circles proportionably still greater, and abounding with beautiful figures of knots, Seraphins, Cherubins, Angels, and Saints, even to the top of the Arch, and profundity of the royal Court, the receptacle of glory, which could not be bounded with limits, fine knots, appearing without the Arch. The most holy Sacrament the Ascendent, and Horoscope of the holy Church, was in the midst of Heaven as it were, nor could they discern how, or where it reposed, and yet it stood fast. The blessed souls adoring it, as they showed, they enjoyed its glories, so likewise presaged, by virtue of its influences, greater happiness to the Catholic World, and it seemed they heard them say to those mountains, enjoy peace O Mountains, at which tidings, they shall skip for joy like Ramms, for the hope, they saw they had.  
The Father eternal was Spectator of all, whom we there represent, as when he had finished the World, and said all was good; so there he appeared supported in himself, and joining together the high with the low, the Earth with the Heaven made one single Region, as it were.  
How then that noble machine was illuminated, we may guests by the stars, that are still resplendent, though the Sun, the Fountain of light, be not seen in the scene of Heaven. The machine was every where bright, but they could not discover from whence the light came, nor tell if it was in the Pictures, or borrowed from some Sun, assembled by art; so with many very pleasing deceits of near distances, and distant nearness, fixed flights, and end without end, they sweetly lost their curiosity, and had their devotion free, so as they might employ themselves wholly in those holy exercises.  

The noble Comedies acted in the Palace of the Prince of Pellestrina.  At that time on the Theatre aforesaid of the Signior Barberini, two other fine musical Plays were represented, with rare changes of scenes, intermediums of dances, and most exquisite music, the subject of both being handsomely translated out of Spanish. The one was entitled Arms and Love, containing the many amorous and warlike events, which usually accompany by turns the fortunes of the followers of Mars and Venus. The other called, the good of evil, contained too a knot of various amorous accidents, in which virtue, and love intermixing by chance, made appear oftentimes, out of evil comes good, and frequently from disasters better fortune proceeds, allowing the saying, we should have been in danger, if we had not been in danger. The Queen was still present at these actions, entertaining and delighting her mind, which was given, and applied to virtuous and noble things.  
The Germane College desired too the occasion of paying their dutiful respects to the Queen in a musical Play called the sacrifice of Isaac, 
The Play acted in the Germane College.  the contents of which were, that God the supreme King of victories, and fountain of all power, loves above all victim the rational, and above all sacrifices the unbloody of obedience, where there is a contrition of the heart, a captivating of a faithful understanding, and a pious will subjected to his pleasure. The intermedium was the valorous, and fortunate act of Judith, and all did allude to the glories of the Queen, for renouncing her Kingdoms, and professing the Catholic Faith. A Father of the Society composed the words, and the music was done by Signior Carissimi, master formerly of the Chapel of that Church of Apoll●nare.  
On the 28. of February in the evening, in the foresaid Palace of the Signior Barberini at the four fountains.  

Si fece la festa d' Carroselli.  Which as for the appearances, and machine's deserved an universal applause, so obliges me to relate it succinctly, I leaving the several particulars to be published by a learneder pen, and more happy.  
The great Court of the said Palace, which is long and spacious, was designed for the Theatre. These Gentlemen by demolishing some houses of their own, that were contiguous, caused two large, and commodious ascents of degrees, to be erected on the left side capable of about 3000. Persons, in the midst of which, a magnificent great gate was built o'er against the Queen's place, adorned with various figures, which being about the Queen's arms, made a very fine prospect. On the top of the said great Gate in four great windows with lettises before them, was the Choir for the Musicians, who with various instruments, made most exquisite music.  
In the side of the Palace, two rows of scaffolds were erected, the one o'er the other, covered with rich tapestries, and so with proportionable symmetry, from both the sides two other ranges answerable, were extended, so as by an ingenious industry, that Court was reduced into the form of a beautiful Theatre.  
To give light to the field, besides the thick Torches of white wax, and artificial materials, which burned on several rows of the Pillars, on the ascents of the degrees, and at the head of the lists, there were sixteen great stars artificially composed of iron wire, each of which being set up very high in the air, with a new invention not seen before in the middle of the field held sixteen great Torches, so as by commutation, the lights alone cost above a thousand Crowns.  
In the midst of the side aforesaid, on the first floor of the appartaments, a very capacious box was erected for her Majesty, adorned within and without with most rich cloth of Gold, with her state of crimson velvet, bordered and fringed with Gold. All those royal appartaments were very richly furnished, and altogether answerable to the greatness, and generosity of the minds of the Barberini.  
Near her Majesty were four Cardinals, to wit Retz, Imperiale, Borromeo, and Azzolino, and all the Gentlemen of her Court. The other Cardinals had their places somewhat higher than the Queens, and likewise all the windows were nobly adorned, and abounded with other eminent Persons. On the second scaffolds were the Princesses and Ladies, most finely attired, and resplendent, to augment with the splendour of their beauty and ornaments, the lustre, and Jewels of so handsome a spectacle.  
The pomp and majesty of this show, made all Rome curious to behold it, together with the neighbouring Countries, so as though the concourse of the people to get in, was very great, yet all civil persons were let in without confusion, by the excellent order of Cardinal Barberin, with whose good direction all things were regulated.  
After 3. hours in the night, they began. The 24. Cavaliers, each one of which was most splendidly set out, were divided into two squadrons. In the first appearance were Signior Lorenzo Roberti, the Marquis Tarqvinius Santa Croce, Captain Giuseppe Marino Rasponi, Baron Augustine del Nero, Signior Fabio de Massimi, Colonel Lodovick Casale, Signior Carlo Rapaccioli, the Marquis John Peter del Drago, Signior Guido Rasponi, Signior Mar. Antonio Verospi, Signior Ferdinando Vecchiarelli a Knight of Malta, and Signior Paola Francisco Falconieri, all which were on generous steeds barded with blue furniture embroidered with Silver, to which their suits were answerable, and cloaks of the same colour with very rich embroideries, representing shining Pearls, with plumes of feathers▪ so large and stately, that 'tis hard to say, how they could with the waving of the air, support on their heads so spacious and heavy a machine, the feathers costing each of them above two hundred Crowns.  
Eight Trumpeters went before, and a hundred and twenty grooms, all clothed in a Livery embroidered with Silver on blue, and great blue and white feathers on their heads, each of them carrying a great lighted Torch in their hands, which greatly augmented the lustre and splendour, all marching very orderly.  
After the twelve Cavaliers came at last a most beautiful Chariot most rarely designed, which was of blue and silver adorned with figures, and admirable devises of embossed work. It was so high, it reached to the box of the Queen, and was drawn by three Musicians habited like Goddesses, and representing the three Graces, one concealed within it, moving it secretly, and with great agility. In it sat joyful Rome in a most majestic manner, who desirous to discover her joy for the arrival of a Princess so great, seemed to look like love, which being the Soul of the World, elected her heart for his unchangeable throne, as a City the head of the World. The Chariot come before the Queen stood still, and the three Graces, who seemed to draw it, seconded singing sweetly the musical sense of love, ending all in the praises of her Majesty.  
After this from the opposite side, came forth the other twelve Cavaliers, who feigned themselves to be Amazons, and they were Don Maffeo Barberini Prince of Pellestrina, Signior Urbano Rocci, the Marquis Ferdinand Torres, Signior Gasparo Alveri, Ferrante Count of Massa in the room of the Marquis Patritii, who fell sick, Signior Stefano Pignatelli, the Marquis Fabritius Mari, the Marquis Cintius Silvestri, Signior Giovanni Battista Costaguti, Count Marc. Antonio Monte Marte della Corbara, Signior Paola Mignanelli, and Signior Angelo Leonini, all clothed in red, and Gold, with high plumes of feathers, very rich cloaks, noble trappings, and sprightly horses, eight Trumpeters, and a hundred and twenty grooms going before them, all clothed in red, embroidered with Gold, with great and thick feathers on their heads, and lighted Torches in their hands, who were all, like the first, Soldiers of fortune chosen out of good companies, that their marching, and ranks might be regular, as they were, they being conducted by a very expert Officer who supplied that place.  
Another Chariot like the first, followed after, disagreeing in nothing but the colours, this being of red and Gold, and varied with not inferior ornaments, drawn likewise by three Musicians in the likeness of three furies. In it with a dreadful aspect, and menacing posture sat another Musician representing Disdain.  
This after a handsome, and orderly motion, his Champions preceding, stood opposite to the other of the God of love, who stopped before the Queen. There between the Graces, and the Furies, was a pleasant and curious dialogue in music, each of the parties calling in the end their own warriors to arms, for the decision of the business. The same contention had Love and Disdain, each one concluding for the battle.  
The Amazons with much courage and generosity, moved from the other side of the field, and stood in array at the head of the Theatre towards the Garden. The Cavaliers, as fierce and hardy, did the same, and went to the opposite side in their ranks.  
Each of these squadrons was followed by their own Chariot, which moved in good order. The Cavaliers putting off their high plumes of feathers, and long Cloaks for the show, were more fit for the fight, and putting on their Helmets, that were easy and light, were armed on the bre●st and the back, with brachals and gauntlets. The Chariots retired aside, to give no impediment to the field, and the Grooms attending there, filled all the circumference of the Theatre, making a very fine prospect, which from the light of the Torches, and the glittering of their clothes, received much beauty.  
The Choir of the Musicians on the arch aforesaid, just against her Majesty, as it did from time to time make most exquisite music, so gave place to the sound of the Trumpets, with which they were awaked to the battle, so as three of the Cavaliers with pistols in their hands road a gallop towards the Amazons. The said pistols were charged by Colonel Vaini, who being a person nobly borne, and very valorous, was honoured with that charge, much esteemed and used in Germany.  
At the motion of the foresaid Cavaliers, three of the Amazons road against them, and meeting them in the midst of the Career of the Theatre interchangeably discharged their pistols, turning twice quickly about to meet the second time, which succeeded very well, they afterwards retiring in good order. Four afterwards on a side issued forth, and did the same thing, than five, afterwards six, and lastly all twelve, they mingling themselves the one with the other in order, so as between the smoke, the fire, and the noise of their arms, they saw a seeming fray, and pleasant contention.  
This no sooner was ended, but a curtain being drawn, from the arch, or great Gate aforesaid, came a great machine representing a monstrous Dragon, which vomited flames of fire, and like a great Chariot, carried on his back another Musician, who seemed the famous Hercules.  
He with a shrill, and grave voice, suspending the fight, offered, instead of it, two golden apples, taken violently by him out of the orchard of the Hesperides, the renowned acquisition of his glorious labours. At those words three of the said Hesperides very finely attired, issued forth, and bewailing with lamentable accents the prodigal concession of that treasure, obtained the favours they themselves might distribute those apples, which they gave to the Cavaliers, and to the Amazons.  
This act being ended, which was boldly performed, and with excellent music, the Dragon walked by course o'er the field, and returned to his first station in the great Gate. In the mean time two Cavaliers broke from their troop, brandishing their shields in their left hands, and carrying the apples in their right, and riding a gallop towards the front of the Amazons, assailed them fiercely, and endeavoured to seize on their apples, turning swiftly on the right hand, but two Amazons pursued them closely, and charging them home, followed them to their own squadron. Then three Cavaliers issuing forth, put the Amazons to flight, and returned to their own party, of which sometimes four in a Company coming forth, then five, and six, and at last, all together, made so handsome a mixture, so well led, and so dexterous, that the eyes of the Spectators could not see it enough.  
This skirmish being ended, which was no less strange, than delightful, they came all in ranks, with their swords in their hands before the Queen. Then from the left side came forth another great Charior, all guilded, and adorned with various ornaments, representing that of the Sun, on which sat glittering a Musician in the habit of Phoebus, who was attended by the four seasons of the year, with 24. Virgin's waiting on him, which related to the hours. The said Chariot was drawn by four horses, of a right murrey colour very well matched, and barded with Gold.  
This, stopping before the Queen, reconciled the hostile troops, and having sung some verses, to express the love of Rome towards her honoured Majesty, the Cavaliers and Amazons united themselves together three by three, and preceded by all their train, and followed by the machines, they passing before the Queen, retired into their quarters, the show ending in this manner, after which the Prince gave a splendid collation of most excellent sweetmeats to the Ladies.  
The Queen ended afterwards the recreations of Carneval, with hearing in the Palace Mazarino at Quirinale a French Play, entitled Heraclius, done by Cornelius the famous Poet of France, whither her Majesty was invited by Signior di Lionne the French Ambassador to the Princess of Italy, who then was at Rome for the affairs of his Master. This Minister in all his great employments for the service of that Crown, as well within, as without the Kingdom, hath sufficiently made known the vivacity of his Spirit, the readiness of his wit, and constant fidelity. He is of a most affable behaviour, a vigorous judgement, great foresight, and rare capacity in every affair. His wit is refined with experience, his mind very sprightly, and his thoughts aim only at glory, and an excellent report. He is full of solidity in his discourses, of wariness, and dexterity in affairs, and sincerity, and sweetness in his carriage, being especially a friend unto virtue, with which he deservedly attracts to himself, the encomiums and praises of every one that know; him.  
Besides the said Comedy, he presented her Majesty with a stately collation, of most excellent sweetmeats, and in extraordinary abundance, and gave her a fine Ball, danced after the French fashion, by some nimble and agile Savoyards, with which the Queen was very highly satisfied.  
On the first day of Lent her Majesty went to the house of the Prince of St. Gregory, 
The Cavalcata of his Holiness to St. Sabina.  to behold the solemn Cavalcata, with which the Pope accompanied by the sacred College, and the rest of the Court, went from the Vatican to Aventino, to visit there St. Sabina, the Church of the Dominicans. This Convent is famous for several memorials of the residence there, of the glorious St. Dominick. After dinner she went likewise to that station, where the Father General received and attended her, as likewise the chief Fathers of that order, which met there that day.  
On the second of March, her Majesty went to the Church of Madonna della Scala the discalceate Carinelites, an order she loved well. At the Gate of the Church the was received by Father Joachim di Giesu Maria the General, accompanied by the most eminent Friars of that order. While she prayed before the most holy Sacrament, a very fine Motetto was sung. Thence passing into the Convent, she went into the Oratory, which she found richly hung, and adorned with Pictures, Mottos, and Emblems. Here she heard Mass, at which the devotion of her mind was augmented with exquisite Music. She than honoured a precious relic of a foot of St. Teresia, the foundress of that order, and heard a Latin oration recited by one of those Fathers.  
The day after, which was the first Friday in March, she visited St. Peter's, as she did all the Fridays of the month aforesaid, for the gaining the treasures of that famous indulgence.  
She was pleased afterwards to visit the College of the English, 
She visits the English College.  where the good and generous zeal of Pope Gregory the thirteenth, erected under the instruction of the Jesuits, a place of refuge for the English youth, who retaining the true seeds of the Catholic Religion, should recurre to this City, the common Country of all, to be the better settled in their Faith, with the Sciences, and Piety, they learn there.  
This College had desired, ever since her arrival in Rome, to testify to her their dutiful respects, and Father Edward Courtney the Rector, employed soon his parts in composing a book, in which are contained the Eulogies of above fifty Saint, the Queens, or daughters of the Kings of England, he adding to each Elegy some verses very handsomely applied to this Princess' rare qualities. She came thither accompanied by divers Princes and Cavaliers, and particularly by my Lord Torregg●ani, who had invited thither her Majesty, she going into the Church, dedicated to the glorious English Martyr St. Thomas Archbishop of Canterbury, found it finely adorned, and abounding with the Pictures of Saints the Kings of England, lent them by my Lord Somerset, Chamberlain of Honour to the Pope, and a Gentleman nobly borne, who was likewise there. Her Majesty's prayers were accompanied with most admirable music, and a harmony of Viols, in which the English excel. She sitting down afterwards under a state, had recited to her a short Latin oration, with some verses by two of those young Scholars, they presenting to her the said book of printed Eulogies, which her Majesty most courteously accepted.  
On the day of St. Thomas of Aquin, the solemn Feast of the order of St. Dominick, her Majesty went to the Church of Minerva, of the Father's aforesaid, one of the chiefest of Rome, as well for the service of the Church, as the sacred Congregation of the Cardinals, held in that Convent every Wednesday in the morning, of the holy office of the greatest importance in Rome. The rooms where they hold the said Congregation, were seen by the Queen, as likewise all the Convent, her Majesty remaining highly pleased with the magnificence both of the one and the other. She was received and attended by the Father General, and Father Raymund Capisucchi Master of the Sacred Palace, and one of the examiners of the Bishops, a Prelate of much virtue, and rare parts, which are the more remarkable by the ancient Family of the Capisucchi, which as appears by authentic writings, and is gathered from the very same arms, is a branch sprowted out of the most noble stock of the Counts of Tunn in Germany, the head of which now, is the Prince Archbishop of Saltzbourgh, a Gentleman of most eminent qualities.  
Her Majesty had likewise some thoughts of seeing the curious study of the Knight of St. Stephen Sir Francis Gualdo of Rimini, a Gentleman well deserving of the learnedest of the ancients, which he gave to his most Christian Majesty, but the ill weather, and the greater affairs of this Princess, have not yet permitted her to behold it. I therefore forbear to speak of the said study, till a fitter opportunity be presented me.  
The Queen then continuing her virtuous entertainments, at the beginning of Lent, introduced the spiritual exercise of a devout oratory in her Palace every Wednesday, which was ordered by the Prince of Gallicano. They began the second Wednesday in March, and the history of Daniel was recited in music, a composition well becoming the said Prince. In the second Oratory Father Rho, the famous Preacher, made a Sermon, in the third Father Spinola, in the fourth Father Nicholas Zucchi all Jesuits, in the fifth Father Spinelli a Celestine, and in the sixth Father Don Carlo di Palma a Theatine, all Persons of great learning, and worth.  
But behold us at the end of these our relations. The sincerity of my Pen, which cannot deliver truly to Posterity, the glorious name of Christina great without the true Characters of a perpetual Panegirique, concludes, that as 'tis doubtless, this great Princess deserves for a thousand respects, the greatest obsequiousness, and compliance in order to her eminent qualities, and parts, so 'tis to be hoped, the fortunate Climate of Rome, the Epilogue of Celestial, and humane felicities, will deserve the good fortune to enjoy, and serve her long. 'Tis certain, as this Queen, with the incomparable endowments of her mind, and the frank resolutions of her heart, like the Sun among the Stars, may justly pretend to be singular in the World, so Rome the sacred, the great and majestic Phoenix, among the Metropolitan Cities of Christianity, may best of all others, give a happy, long, and fit entertainment to her Majesty's glorious fortunes.  
FINIS.