New-englands' VINDIDATION.  
Showing the Misunderstanding of the APPREHENSION To take all that vast Country under the Notion of a particular place of one Patent of Boston, the Metropolitan of the Machechusets there, who in these late Times have Acted as a Free State and Illegal proceeding, as by the many Books and Complaints by Petition have caused an Odium on the Country in general, in vindication to manifest the worth of the Country in general, it is as hopeful to enlarge His Majesty's Dominions, as if all the Baltic Seas were Annexed to His Empire.  
By HENRY GARDENER Merchant, whose Father was one of the first Adventurers thither, and into other parts of America.  
LONDON, Printed for the Author, 1660.   

THE EPISTLE TO THE READER▪  
Courteous Reader,  
MY Father with others, and Capt. John Mason, having lived long in the Oriental parts of the World, almost as much Eastwards, as New England is Westwards, in the same longitude from 42 to 44 degrees, at great charges procured sundry Patents, as may appear; hoping to fix them and their posterity, propagate the Gospel, and enlarge His Majesty's Dominions where never any Christian inhabited, to the vast charges of many 1000 l. as by sundry Books extant, besides the Relation of an old Gentleman in them mentioned, 
Mr. Godfrey.  being well known to have merited of his own Country, in other parts, here, and in New-England 27 years in person, is manifest; hath induced me to write these few lines. I find the Country no less hopeful to His Majesty, than what we did expect, but under Notion of one particular Patent, of 30 others, now grown great, strong and potent by the Times and friends here. In these most sad times of distraction, the Machechusets of Boston acting as a Free State; have by those proceed cast an Odium on all that vast Country, not only to be despicable, unprofitable, and matters of other consequence. I thought good to show so much His Majesty's Title to the Country, by some Collections I have seen from Newfoundland to Cape Florida, which were well to be published with the Maps and Cards: till when this may suffice to show the unjust proceed of the said Gentleman of the Colony of Boston, against the said Gentleman and those of the Eastern parts, who were not all of their tenants, but ever acted according to His Majesty's Laws, in taking the Oath of Allegiance and Supremacy, they being of a contrary opinion: and Mr. Hugh Peter and other their Agents made use of their times here, 1652. subjugated all the Eastern parts, and put the Oath of Fidelity to the State, without any Relation to England, to the ruin of some Families. I wish every man may have his Right, and His Majesty his Right Interest: which is all my aim and endeavour. It were good the Maps and Cards to be Printed, were spherically drawn, each Patent to be bounded, and their acknowledgements looked unto, what not granted, nor Conditions performed, if His Majesty would Grant, Customers would not be wanting, and a Revenue to His Majesty raised, which will cause Peace and Quiet to the Country, and security of His Majesty's Interest.   

To Answer such as say His Majesty KING CHARLES has no Title to that vast Empire, from Newfoundland to Cape-Florida: some such there be; others no King but Christ; others Libertines, to do what is good in their own eyes; some Israelites; the rest Egyptians.  
AGainst all. His Majesty's Right in those parts, is 1. By Discovery from Henry the 7th time, by Sebastian Cabott, for which he had a Pension of 200 Marks per annum. 2. By Possession of Sir Humphrey Gilbert, Sir Richard Greenfield, Sir Walter Rawley in Queen Elizabeth's time, named Virginia. After whose death King James of ever blessed memory, peace being concluded, many Seamen and Soldiers went to serve other Princes; others on Discoveries, as the North-West passage, &c, some fell with the Coast of New-England, and brought home some of the Natives.  

About 1644.  So my Lord Popham and others procured Patents, for two Colonies to be settled in those parts, one by the Name of Virginia; the other of New-England.  
Then my Lord Popham and others sent to inhabit New-England, 
1607  and settled a Colony at Saquadahock, the Ruins and fruit Trees remain to this day; but he dying, all fell: Then divers Fishermen went only to fish; and one Hunt at the end of his Voyage, in the Long-Robert betrayed 22 of the Natives aboard his Ship, carried them for Spain, to sell them for Slaves; (an ill Act) they would not work; the Spaniard refused them; some of them brought for England: Hunt taken by the Turks coming home.  
By reason of these savages another Achievement was made, 
1614  but it came to nothing.  
Sir Richard Hawkins went in Ship of his own, 
1615  the Garland, to make a Fishing-Voyage and Discovery: made a good Voyage, but no Discovery.  
His Majesty granted Letters Patents to the Council of Plymouth, 
1619  and after confirmed by Patents of Incorporation to certain Lords, 
1620  but great troubles arose in Parliament, that it was a Monopoly; of which and other passages, I shall treat hereafter at large.  
Then the said Council granted sundry Patents, as to Capt. Willeston, Mr. Tho. Morton, some of Dorchester and other, to settle in the Bay of the Machechusets.  
There were divers of Robinson's Tenants of Amsterdam, 
1621.  and other Merchants of London joined to settle a Colony nigh Cape Cod, now called New-Plymouth in New-England; Godfrey was one, but in two years they brought those that sent them 1800. l. in debt, so that the principat was fain to pay the debt; but since they have flourished and thrived, and do to this day: have well acted for themselves, as the Mode of New-England is.  
There were divers worthy Gentlemen, 
1621. 4ᵒ. Car.  desirous to separate from the Church of England, yet among themselves of sundry Opinions, (as hereafter) the most discreetest of them procured a Patent, first by my Lord of Warwick, from the Council of New-Plymouth, after enlarged by his Majesty to Sir Will. Russel, Mr. Jo. Wynthrope, and divers others, as may appear; by Authority whereof, and persons of so great Eminency and Quality going, and Books of Encouragement dispersed over all England; they proceeded so well and effectually, that seven Ships were provided at the Couses and Hampton, and those parts, with all sorts of Provisions fit to settle a New Colony in a New Country; divers good and godly people went, but divers under the Umbrella of Religion, in regard of the largeness of their Patent, which was three Miles South of Charles River, three Miles North East of Merimack, and fifty Miles by Sea shore, 1629. Bounded by themselves, named it the Bound-House, yet to be seen; their Patent had large Limits and Privileges by Incorporation, as Custom free for seven years, which other Patents had not; yet they were tied not to act contrary to the Laws, or any way repugnant to England; & other Acknowledgements, as may appear. Men of great Estates went, and many ventured deeply, great Sums of Money of Benevolences gathered, at present about 700. l. per Annum, in I and yearly, for the converting the Indians, what done therein, the Lion not so fierce, as painted Mr. Rouses Book will show. Of persons of note went the Lady Arabella, Daughter to the Earl of Lincoln, and her Husband, Mr. Isaac Johnson; in honour of whom the Ship Eagle, the Admiral, was called the Arabella; so with great Riches, Furniture, Provisions of all sorts, Tradesmen, and Utensils for all Manufactures, people of all sorts went; Portanter avarii Pigmaliones opes pellago Dux, Faemena facti.  
Relinquendo, to leave their Native Country, Relegando, to combine to settle at Utopia, they safely arrived at Salem, and yearly great multitudes of People of all sorts went thither and resorted to them by Thousands; they fell to modelling of Government for Church and Commonwealth, gathering of Churches; as People came, they could not agree of points of Controversy in Religion; a most hideous Monster was born, of stupendious Forms and Shapes, which did prognosticate their Dissension; Mr. Cotton the Minister said in the Pulpit, it had as many Shapes as Tenants broached; so that some not agreeing were banished, and a Council, or a Conventicle held, a man might see a Speech, but a wise man would not regard the Punctilios, as in occasion I shall say hereafter; there was such a Confusion, that the wisest were at a maze, and so many Complaints came to England against them, that it was doubtful in short time they would quite shake off the Royal Jurisdiction of England (as now) all the Ships stayed for going thither; all Objections against them were then answered by Mr. Godfrey, who lived remote from them, where all had then taken the Oath of Allegiance and Supremacy; so that upon his Plea, all the Ships were cleared. Thereby their Governor and others, held Gratum Opus, since ill rewarded. Mr. John Wynthrope was a worthy Patriot and Governor, his equal they may in time have, but a better will never come there; for since his death others also dead, and some reurned to England, seeking ambitiously far beyond their power or abilities, as by so many Books Petitions, and Remonstrances against them may appear: So we may say as of Rome, Behold of late O little Rome, to what a greatness she is come; of Boston one poor Patent granted, but of late is now become a mighty State; never Horse nor man ere turned home bettered by the sight of Rome.  
From Boston in the American Strands, none ere came bettered, except he came by Land, for too much power so far off, in such hands, seldom wants danger not to measure Jurisdiction by the length of their Swords; they may hold themselves wise, and turn others out for fools, (but now) I Tropo se string toto disleguea; if of meek spirit, should have suffered others after thirty years' possession, and never any Complaint there or here, and approved by themselves, as under all their hands will appear. If Royal or Loyal Subjects, should have emulated who should have given the best account of all their Transactions, and suffered Appeals and Judication for England, and assisted one the other, if they will acknowledge England's power: If it be but weakness in some Men, as a sublimated Coachman from the Box to the Bench, and Blow to Pulpit; a Tailor or two, and the like, with the mecannick Grandee Layman's Deputy, to stritch so large as to act contrary to Jus Gentium Lex, Law of our own Country, or Concelarum Contience, to pass Sentence before Plea or Judication, to enrich some turbulent men of low condition and less breeding; as one answered about the Book of Common-Prayer, he shown them that could read, the 29. Eccles. How can he get wisdom that holdeth the Blow, etc. such should not sit high in the Congregation, etc. They may do well in time to submit, and for wrongs done, make satisfaction or acknowledgement, as 22. years passed their Patent was sued to a Quo Warranto, and sent for; if thirty more Queries be added, as for instance three or four, denying Appeals, Printing, Coining, and that his Majesty's Coin from 12 d. to 9 d. the Jurisdiction of Admiralty, English Colours.  
By such proceed the Country is held despicable, and an Odium cast on it, by the most unjust and unadvised proceeding of one particular Patent and place of Boston, which if others have their Rights, is not one 6th. part of the Country, and but one of thirty other Patents, by the sad distractions of the Times; here divers Ministers went thither for the good of the Cause, as they said, returned for the Loaves sake, as Mr. Hugh Peter, with twenty more of his Tribe; and some other men of great esteem, as Sir Henry Vane, Sir R. Saltenstal, and an Agmen of men of all sorts, all highly preferred in Church, State, Army, Navy, Custom-house. etc. and some of no Literature, to preach, and Beneficed, and plundering here violently; it has a worm in the root in this time, the ablest Ministers and Magistrates dead, and some gone. There is some good Gentlemen yet, as Mr. Indicoat, Mr. Bellingham, Mr. Demson, but they have no power, the Country act as a Free State, the Deputies first, they as the Ministers will; so if the Ministers and Deputies enter on men's Estates and Lands, as they have done, as I shall show, and subjugate all other Patents, & make them Town-ships; We that first ventured must petition, our sometimes Servants to be good to their Master's Children; what Law can we have or expect that be of the Church of England, they Independants, so our Antagonists, incompetent Judges, being parties in action, and opposite in Religion: Let it be observed, that if in ten years they came to this height, what in these twenty, having so enriched themselves in Wealth, Strength, and Fortifications, that if they Fortify Pascataqua River for themselves, as they have subjugated it, and now Arm against the Dut●● ●ew Neatherland, with their united Colonies, they may be the invincible States in America. If any object the contrary, I shall make it appear; let Major Robert Sedgwick, & Capt. Leveret, Nova Scotia Franc●…, Business be a precedent, for the difficulty, charges, and danger, if not in time prevented, may be more obnoxious to England, than ever the Hollander was to the King of Spain. All the power is in the Independent way, yet three to one out; and his Majesty has to my knowledge as Loyal Subjects as any in England: in short time they will be in Confusion in themselves, the Country wholesome, pleasant; and if good Society and English Government were there, people would rather live there than in afric, Greece, Italy, France, Spain, or England; it transcends all the Baltic Seas, and affords all or any Commodity they have, & more plenty of sundry sorts, and of more concernment to his Majesty, than if all the Baltic Seas were annexed to his Empire; as in a short Epitome and Anatomy of those Countries, from Newfoundland to Cape Florida, with the Maps and Cards shall appear, with Collections of 55. years' Pilgrimage: it is want of Charity in the Independent Ministers, the Commons are possessed they are all Israelites, and we Egyptians, of the Orthodox and true Church of England, and reject old Planters that made way for them; Mr. Sa. Maverick for one, the most Hospitable for entertainment of People of all sorts, America afforded not, nor does the like, yet never free of Avenies and troubles to many, some Life, Imprisonment, Illegal Subversion, and Usurping others Rights: I could wish they had so much Charity as Turk or Remish, do as you would be done to; no Salvation without Restitution if able, not so much such as Israelites and Egyptians, and not to reward evil for go●●: If this is too short or tart, I shall be more copious with their proceed with us, whom you call, without Authenticated, by proceeding of their Courts, with their Magistrates Hands; and though you have some good, godly, and able Ministers, some are to be blamed for irreverend speaking against ours, and they worse.  
FINIS.