A GALLANT SPEECH Spoken by His Highness JAMES DUKE OF YORK TO ENGLAND'S renowned General, His Excellency Sir Thomas Fairfax, at the King's Majesties Royal Court at Causam.  
TOGETHER, With His Excellencies Answer to the said Speech, concerning the King's Majesty, and His Royal Posterity.  
Also the chief Heads of the Armies new Declaration concerning the King, Parliament, and Kingdom. With a Message from the General to the Citizens of LONDON. July 23  
Printed at Oxford for Edward Benington, for the public use of Great Britain, Anno 1647.   

THE COPY OF A LETTER FROM The General's Headquarters at Redding, to the Citizens of London.  
Gentlemen,  
THe particulars which I have to represent unto you at this present, are things very remarkable and of great consequence, being of ripeness and maturity, both for the view of your Metropolis, and the whole Kingdom also: Therefore, for satisfactions of yourselves, and the rest of your Fellow Commoners, I shall here communicate unto you, a Copy of the General's Declaration to the Lord Mayor and Citizens of London; together with another Paper of gre●t consequence, agreed up●n by his Excellency, and the Council of War, concerning the Freeborn Subj●&s of this Nation; both which, I shall here insert verbatim, viz.  

A Copy of the Declaration sent from his Excellency Sir Thomas Fuirfax, to the Lord Mayor and Citizens of London.  
Whereas in the carrying on of the great businesses of the Kingdom towards a general and happy settlement, it hath been a sixed principle with us to make it our first endeavour with the Parliament, that all things which threaten an Engagement of the Kingdom in a second war, might be removed before we could have a confident expectation of a good issue; upon a Treaty with their Commissioners, which course of ours, although it might have some appearance of delay: yet by men that are zealous of the Kingdom's good (we hope) no endeavour will be judged unnecessary, that may secure the Kingdom from the danger of any new embroilments.  
We are now come thus far, that the most material particulars which we have in preparation to propose, for the general settlement of the affaries of the Kingdom, have been communicated to the Parliaments Commissioners; and we hope they are satisfied that they contain in them things tending to a general good, and to lay an hopeful Foundation for common Right, and Freedom, to the people of this Land for future; and for a lasting peace amongst us. But before we can securely intent and without interruption apply ourselves, unto the proceed and dispatch of the Treaty, there upon we have delivered into the hands of their Commissioners, the paper which consists of three particulars, in the last whereof (which is the Militia of the City) you being most immediately concerned, to the end you may see we would ask nothing which relates to you, without giving you a just account thereof, and all possible satisfaction therein; we have also given a Copy thereof to your Commissioners, to be here with sent unto you. We should not desire this or and thing else of that nature were we persuaded, that what we desire is seasonable, and for yours and the Kingdom's good and quiet. And we should willingly have been silent (as to this:) but considering the just jealousies which lie against some persons, now authorized in the exercise of that powea amongst you, and those attempts which have been made by some, who would have engaged your city, to a war, had not your Lordships and the court of Aldermen and Common-council by your wisdom prevented it, by getting those votes which were passed by the Militia, made null.  
We cannot in a case of this importance but deal freely with you, in deuring your concurrence with ours to the Parliament; that the Militia may be changed into those hands, out of which it was taken, of whose care and fidelity to the Public, there hath been so long and large experience, as few ages have paralleled. And if the interest we have so long fought for be still the same, let it not seem slrange that we desire both of the parliament and City, that those may be in places of such a trust, who have given the best proof of their courage and constancy in prosecution of the same. Having thus far declared ourselves with all freedom and clearness to you, as we do not doubt of your good acceptance of our intention therein, so we desire your forwardness in a work so much tending to mutual confidence: and to prevent the designs of any who would be glad to put obstructions in the way to a happy conclusion, and envy nothing more than the continuance of a night understanding between you and us.  
By the appointment of his Excellency Sir Thomas Fairfax, and his Council of War. Signed, john Rushworth, Secre. Redding july 18. 1647.    

A Copy of another Paper from the Army, concerning the Freeborn People of England.  
HIs Excellency Sir Thomas Fairfax hath writ to the parliament in these words, That all persons imprisoned in England, or Dominion of Wales (not for Delinquency in relation to the late war) may be brought to a speedy trial, and if they appear wrong fully, or unduly imprishned, they may have reparation according to their sufferings. And in particular, it is desired that this may be done in behalf of Lieutenant Col Lilburn, M. Musgrave, M. Overton, and others (in their condition) imprisoned about London.  
SIR,  
Upon the close of this Letter, a Gentleman residing near the Court, intimated unto me, that when His Majesty's Children were at Causam, his Excellency Sir T. Fairfax came also thither, and presended himself before the two Dukes, and the Princess; to whom the Duke of York made this ensuing Speech.  
Renowned General, 
 We hearty thank you for the great happiness we now enjoy by the sight of Our dear Father, the effecting whereof, we cannot but attribute wholly to your industry and engagement; and as it is a great favour to Us, so shall it be no prejudice to you: Pray accept of this Our acknowledgement, as the first part of requital, being all we are able to do at present; but if ever it lies in our power, it shall be better requited.  
To which his Excellency replied, That it was the least of those duties, wherein he was obliged to serve his Majesty, and his Royal Posterity.  
But by reason of our motion Northward, I dare not detract too much time, but must of necessity draw to a period; only (in brief) I shall give you some of the chief Heads concerning the Armies grand Declaration, now speedily to be presented to both Houses of Parliament, VIZ.  

1. That a Council of State consisting of 21. may have the ordering of the Militia, and power to treat with foreign States.  
2. That a period be set to this Parliament.  
3. That some penal Statutes be repealed.  
4. An Act of Oblivion past, and the future Parliaments bienunall.  
5. Something concerning the King, touching Parliaments.  
6. Concerning liberty of Conscience.   
Thus having given you a brief account, I remain  
Yours to serve you, William Sanders. Redding 22 of July 1647.  
8 Their eighth unreasonable Demand is, To have a Toleration for all manner of Persons or opinions without any distinction or limitation at all but this, If they live peaceably, and are beneficial to the Commonwealth. That you might see I wrong them not, I shall put down their very words: 
* See a Letter sent from Sir Thomas Fairfax and the chief Commanders in the Army, to the Lord Mayor, aldermans, and Common Council of the City of London. Dated from Royston june 10.  We wish that every good Citizen, and every man that walks peaceably, and is beneficial to the Commonwealth, may have liberty and encouragement, it being according to the just policy of all States, even to justice itself: So that by this it seems they desire, that if Papists, Idolaters, Blasphemers, or any other persons what ever, though they continue blaspheming God, and disturbing the Church, yet must they have not only liberty, but encouragement, in case they live peaceably in, and beneficially to the Commonwealth; if the Army had told us thus, when they were first raised, they should never have had my prayers with them. Is this the fruit of all the expense of treasure and blood, that instead of order, we shall have confusion; instead of establishing the true Religion, there should be a toleration of all Religions? what's this but to make London worse than Amsterdam, and England worse than India itself?  
9 Their ninth unreasonable Demand for 
* Humble Represent. p. 23. l. 4.  Reparation and Vindication of the Army. Now with what conscience can they expect this? Would they have us say, they are an obedient Army, when they have published their disobedience to all the world? Would they have us say, they are an Army of Saints, when we know there are abundance of gross and abominable Heretics among them, who deny the Divinity of Christ, the Authority of the Scriptures, the Immortality of the Soul? etc. Instead of requiring Vindication and Reparation from us, we may rather desire humiliation and reformation from them.  
Touching the unreasonableness of these demands, I cannot but admire at three things, viz. 

1. At the falsehood of the Army, that should make these high Demands, after they had promised in a Letter 
* See the Letter from Sir Thomas Fairfax and the chief Commanders to the Lord Mayor etc. Dated from Royston june 10. 1647.  to the L. Mayor, aldermans, and Common Council (dated from Royston June 10.) they would not go beyond their former desires. Yea in their Declaration four days after this they make this engagement; Though there are besides these many particulars we could wish to be done, and some to be undone, but these proposals aforegoing present, being the principal things we bottom and insist upon, we shall (as we have said before) acquiesse in the wisdom and justice of the Parliament. Notwithstanding this promise, that they would acquiesse, ask no more, not go beyond their former desires, yet have they peremptorily infisted on most of these, and many more unreasonable Demands since that time.  
2. I cannot but admire at the forgetfulness that is in the people of their solemn League and Covenant; that they will suffer an Army to foment schism by Separation, to destroy Religion by Toleration, to make factions & parties among the people by combinations; to infringe the power and Privileges of Parliament by their peremptory refusal, and obstinate disobedience to the Parliaments Commands.  
3. I cannot but admire, that any people should approve of the Demands and proceed of the Army, when the Army itself hath some hesitancy or doubting about their proceed, whether justifiable or not.   The Counsel of War convened at Bury confessed, that among their Soldiers there were 
a See the opinion and advice of the Council of War at Bury, 20. May, 1647. p 〈…〉 lin● 37.  disturbed and tumultuous actings. So also in the copy of the Grievances of the Army presented at Saffron-Walden to Field-marshal Skippon, Lieutenant-generall Cromwell, Commissary Ireton, and Colonel Fleetwood, it is by 240. Commission-Officers of the Army desired, that the  Commissioners would, 
b S●e the copy of Grievances, p. 〈…〉 line 18.  as fare as justly they can, cover their weakness: yea Sir Thomas Fairfax himself confesseth that he is 
c See Sir Thomas Fairfax his Letter to M. Speaker, dated at Bury May 30. 1647.  forced to yield to something out of order to keep the Army from disorder, or worse inconveniences. Yea by the whole Army in their Remonstrance 'tis confessed, that they shall be 
d See humble Remonst p. 14. 33.  enforced to take courses extraordinary. Now if themselves confess they have disturbed and tumultuous actings, shall we think they are all peaceably-minded; if they themselves say they have weakness in the transactions of this business, may not we judge it wickedness? If their General confesseth, that he is forced to yield to some things out of order, and that in the Month of May, when they did but begin their mutinies, to what disorders is he forced since to yield to, now the Army hath been so enured to disobedience?  
I come now to urge some new Queres to the consciences of the Army.  
1. Quere. WHether your disobedience to the Parliament doth not directly answer and run parallel to Absalon's Rebellion against his father David? 

1. Did Absalon pretend an obstruction of justice? 2 Sam. 15.3. so do you.  
2. Did Absalon wish that he were Judge in the Land, then promised, that any man that had a suit or a cause, if he did come to him, he would do him justice? 2 Sam. 15.4. and do not you do thus?  
3. Did not Absalon at that very time he cried up justice, justice, with his tongue, carry rebellion in his heart against his father David, and doth not the Army walk in his steps?  
4. Did Absalon by fair words, a flattering carriage and plausible pretences, steal away the hearts of the men of Israel? 2 Sam 15.5 6. is not this the daily endeavour of this Army thus to bewitch and seduce the people?  
5. Did Absalon (when he had gathered head) endanger and terrify Jerusalem that great City, where his father David was? 2 Sam. 15.14. and was not the great City the Metropolis of the Kingdom endangered by the approach of the Army near it?   As face answers face in a glass, so doth the Army's disobedience answer Absalon's Rebellion.  
2. Quere. Whether would you have the Parliament to be speedily dissolved, in case you could newmould it to an Independent Parliament?  
3. Quere. Whether it be for the credit of your cause, that Judge Jenkins and other desperate Malignants, should be the chief Vindicators of your proceed?  
4. Quere. Whether would you be willing that eleven or more Independent-Members should be suspended the House, in case a Charge or accusation should be brought in against them? would you be content that those that own your party should be so dealt withal, as you deal with the eleven Members? Suppose a particular Charge of Treason and Rebellion should be brought in against Cromwell: suppose further, it can be proved, that he was chosen a Parliament-man by the Prelatical party in Cambridge, because he reviled the Puritans and would stand for Episcopacy; suppose further it can be proved, that when he kept a Brewhouse in the Isle of Ely, he was generally termed the Town-bull; suppose all this I say, would you be willing that this great Ringleader of your Rebellion should come to a legal and public trial?  
5. Quere. Whether your capitulating with the State, standing for Punctilios, pressing high demands of the Parliament, whether if all you desire were granted, would this seeming good you desire, be a recompense for those real miseries and dangers the poor Protestants in Ireland undergo, by your delays, and refusal of that just and honourable service.  
6. Quere. With what face can you cry out against injustice in others, when you suffer that greatest act of injustice among you to go unpunished? particularly that traitorous act done by Cornet joice to take away the King from Holmeby without the consent of Parliament; which is such a high injury to the King, and affront to the Parliament, that will make you stink in the nostrils of all Nations, that shall hear of your carriages; so fare are you from punishing this joice, that since this traitorous action done by him, some of your most eminent Commanders have tendered him preferment, as if that act did rather deserve a reward then a censure?  
7. Quere. Whether it be not just with God that the chief Commanders, who have stirred up the Army to disobedience to the Parliament, should be punished by God, that that very Army shall not for the future be obedient unto them? I end this subject with this confidence, that if God will not honour the Parliament and City, to endeavour to suppress these seditious, traitorous Commanders, who have led the Army into disobedience in the simplicity of their hearts, that God will honour his Name to bring us deliverance some other way; it may be, if no body will appear to suppress them, they shall destroy one another. This is the assured confidence of  
Tom Telltruth.