Memoires Of the Affairs of FRANCE, During the Reign of the present KING LEWIS the XIV. CONTAINING The most noted Exploits of the now Prince of Condé, the late Marshal de Turenne, and all the chief Commanders in the French Armies. Done out of French.  Ex pede Hercules. 

Licenced May the 10th, 1675.  
Roger L'Estrange.   
London: Printed by J. C. for T. Dring, at the Harrow at the corner of Chancery-lane in Fleetstreet. 1675.   

ADVERTISEMENT.  
THis brief Account of many great Actions, Translated out of the French History reduite en Sommaire, may satisfy the Curious as to the Affairs of France under her active Monarch who now governs, till a more elaborate History, and consequently more correspondent to the Grandeur of its Subject gives a fuller and particular account to the public  
'Tis possible, some may think our Author writes with too much concern and interest of his own party: such upon due consideration, will acknowledge this the best, or, if you had rather, the most janté of all the defects proper to that people; and that the French are to be applauded in this particular, more than some of their Neighbour-Nations, that they always speak the best of their King and Country; not seeking to find fault with the Royal Conduct, but to magnify it rather more than less, than the true merit of the Actions.  
Historical Abbreviations, though in a small Volume, are not always of the least use: for beside the Example of Justin the Epitomiser of Trogus among the Ancients, we have in this our Age, the judicious Dr. Heylin, who with much judgement and fidelity, has in this sort of Miniature, drawn to the life the Tragical History of our late Sovereign, of ever-Sacred Memory.  
There is no need of a further Preface, than only to admonish the Reader that the Dates and Timing of things, so oft occurring in this short History, must be understood according to the Foreign (or new) Style, ten days more forward than ours. Farewell.  
J. W.   

Some Books lately printed for T. Dring, at the Harrow at Chancery-lane-end in Fleetstreet.  
1. A Relation of the Conference between Will. Laud Archbishop of Canterbury and Mr. Fisher the Jesuit. The third Edition, in Folio. Price 8 s.  
2. Systema Agriculturae; the mystery of Husbandry discovered: Treating of the newest and most advantageous ways of improving all sorts of Lands, in Folio. Price 8 s.  
3. England's Eminent Danger and only Remedy: Faithfully considered and represented, in Octavo. Price 2 s. 6 d.  
4. Ancilla Pietatis; or the Handmaid to Private Devotion. The ninth Edition, in Octavo. Price 4 s.  
5. Poems upon several occasions, in English and Latin. By John Milton; with a small Tract of Education, to Mr. Hartlib, in Octavo. Price 2 s. 6 d.  
6. The French Cook, prescribing the newest ways of Cookery. The third Edition, in Octavo. Price 2 s. 6 d.  
7. The Four Ages of England, or the Iron Age, with other select Poems written in the year 1648. in Octavo. Price 1 s.  
8. The Devout Communicant exemplified, in his behaviour before, at, and after the Sacrament. The third Edition, much corrected, in Twelves. Price 1 s. 6 d.  

Plays.  
Love and Honour.  
Unfortunate Lovers.  
Thierry and Theodoret.  
Woman-Hater.  
Changeling.  
Albumazar.   

Plays lately Printed.  
Love-tricks, or the School of Compliments. Com.  
Hero and Leander. Com.  
Amorous Prince, or the curious Husband. Com.  
Town-shifts, or the Suburb-Justice. Com.  
Six days Adventure, or the new Utopia. Com.  
Dumb Lady, or the Farrier made Physician. C.  
Old Troop, or Monsieur Raggou. Com.  
The Rehearsal.  
Gentleman Dancing-master. Com.  
Mamamouchi, or the Citizen turned Gentleman. Com.  
Fatal Jealousy. Trag.  
Morning-ramble, or the Town-humours. Com.  
Empress of Morocco. Trag.  
Reformation. Com.  
Careless Lovers. Com.  
Macbeth. Trag.  
Siege of Constantinople. Trag.  
Dutch Lover. Com.  
Country-wife. Com.   

Now in the Press.  
Woman turned Bully. Com.   
☞ THere is now in the Press both a Latin and English Dictionary, composed by Tho. Hollyoke D. D. Son of Francis Hollyoke, the Learned Enlarger of Rider's Dictionary; which said Dictionary is in great part already printed in a fair large Folio, and will in a short time be finished and published, and will contain above 6000 words in the English, and 2000 in Latin, more than hath been in any Dictionary yet extant: Besides, it will have the Phrases, the Customs, Habits and Ceremonies of Countries, for the better understanding of the Latin Historians; not only fit for Schoolboys, but necessary and useful for all Students and Scholars whatsoever; and will be sold by Tho. Dring, at the corner of Chancery-lane in Fleetstreet, and others.  
Goldman's Dictionary lately printed with large Additions, in 4º, and sold by T. Dring.   

ERRATA.  
PAge 11. line 22. read Tournon. p. 19 l. 1. r. at the same time. p. 67. l. 19 r composed it. p. 71. l. 7. r. his Eminency. p. 71. l. 11. r. deceased. p. 79. l. 16. deal [too] p. 90. l. 13. r. disadvantageous.   

MEMOIRES OF THE Reign of LEWIS the 14th The present KING of France.  

Anno 1643.  
LEwis 14th Eldest son of Lewis 13th, being in the fifth year of his Age, succeeded to the Crown; the 65th in number of our Kings.  
The King never dies in France; uno avulso, non deficit alter. Therefore immediately after the Court of Parliament had assembled, the King was received, accompanied with the Queen Regent his Mother, Monseigneur the Duke of Anjou the King's Brother, Monsieur the Duke of Orleans his Uncle, and Monsieur the Prince of Condé; where the Queen was declared Regent during the King's minority, and Monsieur the Duke of Orleans General of all the Forces.  
No sooner was the King seated in the Throne Royal, thereby to take possession of the Crown of his Ancestors, but he saw himself under the shadow of victorious Palms, brought from Rocroy by the Duke of Enguien General of his Triumphant Army.  
On the 9 of May, the Duke of Enguien having Rendezvouzed his Troops on the Banks of the Oise, and the Somme, received advice, that the Enemy under the command of the Count d' Isemburg, had invested Rocroy the second past: upon this intelligence he sends immediately the Sieur Gassion to give some diversion to their Attempts; who on his arrival, having made their chief Force draw together, took that opportunity to put 100 men into the Town; and this Succour gave the Besieged occasion to retake their Outworks, which the Enemy had quitted. The 18 of May, was resolved on to relieve the place effectually; to that end the Duke of Enguien, assisted by the Marshal de l'Hospital, and the Mareschals of the Camp, appeared with his Cavalry that day about two of the clock afternoon, and immediately on his arrival caused his Army to draw into Battalia. At five in the evening the Enemy's Cannon began to play, and cut off many of our men; but they were soon answered by our Artillery, which appeared as the Lightning to that Thunder which was to follow. The night coming on, by order of a Council of War, the dispute was deferred till next morning the 19 of May. During this interval, a French Cavalier in the Enemy's Army came over to ours, and gives advice to the Duke of Enguien that General Beck was to arrive the next morning by 7 a clock with 1000 Horse, and 3000 Foot, to reinforce the Enemy: hereupon it was resolved to fight by break of day; which no sooner appeared, but the General having taken the Right wing of the Army, and the Marshal de l' Hospital. the Left; about a quarter of a League from Rocroy, they disposed themselves to do their best.  
The Enemy's Army being composed of 25000 men, viz. 17000 Foot, and 8000 Horse; the Infantry commanded by the Comte d' Isemberg, and the Cavalry by the Duke d'Alberquerque, and the Comte de Fontaines Marshal General du Camp under Fancisco de melo General for the King of Spain. The French Army was 14000 Foot, and 6000 Horse. The Duke of Enguien having visited the several Divisions, and encouraged the Officers to perform their Duty, the Skirmish gins, and 1000 Musqueteers of the Enemy are forced to give ground. On the Left, the Sieur de la Ferté-Seneterre charging the Enemy, the Combat was so obstinate, that he was Wounded in ten several places, and taken prisoner, though a while after rescued. During this advantage, the Enemy took our Cannon; but the Marshal de l' Hospital with his succours charged and recovered them again: In this lively action he was wounded in the Arm with a Musquet-shot, so that he was forced to leave the fight. This accident gave the Enemy such advantage, that once more they took our Cannon, and used them against us: but the Baron de Siron Marshal the Camp of the Cavalry having a body of reserve, rallies our men, and stops the enemy's success. In the mean while our Right wing, having routed the Cavalry, attaques the Spanish Foot, which she cuts in pieces. In fine, the Sieur Gassion coming up, they are all put to the Rout. We lost there about 20 Officers, and as many Wounded. On the Enemy's side, beside a great number of Dead of lesser note, the Comte de Fontaines was killed, and the Comte d' Isemberg wounded to death; and 6000 Prisoners, among whom 200 Officers and 20 pieces of Cannon.  
From this signal Victory, which has insensibly carried this Discourse beyond its intended Bounds, we will proceed to the Funerals of Lewis the Just; the preparatives for which, were made the 22 of July: the day preceding ended the 
* A space of forty days, during which time Prayers are continually made for the Dead.  Quarantaine, during all which time the Queen-Mother remained shut up, thereby to give place more opportunely to the sensible regrets for the loss of her Spouse. Monday was appointed for the Funeral-Ceremonies, at which did assist the Princes, Prelates, and Sovereign Courts of Justice. The King's Body was placed in the midst of a Chapel all flaming with Lights, and the Solemn Service made at St. Denis in France, where also the Body was deposited in the Vault of his Predecessors.  
The 29th of July, Madam the Duchess of Enguien was happily delivered of a Son, who bears the Name of Duke d'Albert.  
The 2 of August, the Duke of Beaufort, youngest of the two Sons of the Duke of Vendôme, was arrested, and imprisoned in the Bois de Vincennes.  
The Duke of Enguien, after the Victory at Rocroy, and the taking of Cirq, returns to Paris with the Comte de Rantzau; and on the 7th of October, the King and Queen Regent were pleased to leave the Lovure, to inhabit at the Palais Royal: about which time also was sent to the Abbey of St. Germains desprez, one of St. Placidus' Arms, by the great Master of Malta; which Relic was solemnly received by the Religious.  
The Civil troubles in England continuing, the Comte de Harcour was sent on the part of his most Christian Majesty to compose, if possible, the discontents between the King of great Britain and his Parliament; but he found the Spirits of the Dissenters so little disposed that way, that he returned without success.  
About, the same time a crew of Rascals at Rovergüe, who took the name of 
* Croquans.  Devourers, did raise a Tumult, which notwithstanding was soon after suppressed by the Comte de Noüaille.  
As our Kings have always had this advantage, to give Laws to Strangers, and not to receive them; so also have they been constant Mediators of Concord among Christian Princes, and particularly of the reconciliation of the Duke of Parma with his Holiness, of which the Treaty was concluded at Paris, and the Articles signed by the Cardinal Dongly Plenipotentiary for his Holiness, and by the Cardinal Bichy Plenipotentiary on the part of his Majesty for the Duke of Parma. In which Treaty he continued the Title enjoyed by our former Kings, of Arbiters of Christian Princes. A while after, les Sieurs de Servient, and d'Avaux, Plenipotentiaries for his Majesty, parted from France to conclude the Peace, which in fine was presently effected.  
The 21 of November, Monsieur Lesoit Doctor and professor at the Sorbonne, who for his singular merits had been named to the Bishopric of Chartres, was consecrated at Paris.  
The Marshal de Guebriant, a Breton, whose valour was signalised in the last King's Reign, being now at the siege of Rothweil in Germany, was wounded with a Faulcon-shot the 24th of November, of which he died; his Body being conveyed to Paris, by the King's express order, his Funerals were performed with great solemnity.   

Anno 1644.  
The Year 1644. was not less fertile in producing new Laurels for France than the former. But before we attempt to display these Victories, it is not impertinent to observe, by the by, the Death of Anne de Montasie, Widow of Charles of Bourbon Comte of Soissons, Prince of the Blood, and great Master of France, who died at Paris, aged 67 years: she left by her Will, 100000 Crowns to the Chevalier de Soissons, Bastard-son to the deceased Comte de Soissons, who was slain in the Battle of Sedan.  
The Town of Gravelines was besieged by Monsieur the Duke of Orleans, who invested it the 6. of June, assisted by the Dukes of Guise and Nemours, the Comte de Harcour Eldest son of the Duke d'Elbeuf, and the Mareschals de la Meleraye, de Gassion, de Cossé, and the Marquis d'Alegre. This Siege may be placed in the number of the most difficult, such was the stout resistance of the besieged; which notwithstanding had no power to stop the Victories of France. Here in one of our Attaques fell the Marquis de Nangis. In fine, the Besieged under the Conduct of Ferdinando de Solis, finding himself out of all hope of Relief, which Picolomini had once made a show of giving, surrendered to the Duke of Orleans the 29th of July. And at the same time died urban 8th, after he had possessed the Holy Seat 21 years.  
Now also past an Arrest in the Parliament of Paris, prohibiting all Physicians whatsoever, except those of the University of Paris, to administer in that City.  
In Germany, the Duke of Enguien desiring to relieve Friburg, besieged in August by the Enemy, had no sooner begun his March on this design, but he understood of the Surrender: this news inflamed his courage to such a degree, that he resolved to recompense the loss of the Town by a Fight; in which he succeeded, remaining Master of the field, though not without considerable loss on our side. In pursuit of this Victory he besieges Philipsburg the 24 of August, which a little before we had lost, and in less than 3 Weeks forceth Gasper de Bamberg the Governor to surrender. We lost there the Comte de Journon Governor of Dauphiné, and the Marquis of Pluvaud, with 70 Soldiers. Spire at the same time submitted to the King's obedience, and received a Garrison of French.  
Amidst these serious relations, let us mingle something of sport, though in truth it was ended with a sad Catastrophe. A Citizen of Paris named Bertou, being at Vitry, a Town two Leagues from Paris, with several other jovial Companions, undertook to present a Comedy, where Bertou should personate a Dead man; who according to the design of the Play, was to be raised to life by the Enchantments of a certain Magician: But being touched with the Magician's Wand to that purpose, he was found without motion. Never did Actor represent a dead man's part more truly, for indeed he was dead. Which Accident gave matter for serious consideration to all the company.  
The 6 of October, Elizabeth Queen of Spain, Aunt to our King Lewis 14, dies at Madrid, in the 42 year of her age, leaving two sons to Philip 4th, King of Spain, her Spouse.   

Anno 1645.  
In the Month of February, the year 1645. begun with a horrid Tempest, accompanied with such an Earthquake at Poitiers, as proved the ruin of several houses, and the more elevated parts of some Churches.  
A few days after this, died at Paris, in the Abbey of St. Geneviefve, Messire Francois de la Rochefaucault, aged 87 years, and Cardinal since the year 1607. His Life was a model of Sanctity, and that by the testimony of the most virtuous persons of his age. The Pope himself, urban 8th, who having granted him something which he desired, gave him besides this Elegy: Behold here all that remains of Sanctity, Piety, and Truth, in our Apostolic College. Long time before his Death he Regulated the Abbey of St. Geneviefve of Paris, to which Father Fore, deceased not long before him, was elected; which course is still observed in the promotion of the Abbot, the place being Triennial.  
A while after this, the Comte de Harcour departed hence, to execute his charge of Viceroy in Catalonia.  
In the mean time the Comte du Plessis-Praslin lays siege to the Town of Rose in the County of Roussilon, with 8000 Foot and 2000 Horse: Those of our party that lay on that side of the Town next the Sea, were surprised with such an impetuous and sudden storm, that the Galleys of the Sieur de St. Just, and the Sieur de Birades, were dashed to pieces; the Officers leapt into the Sea, to save themselves by swimming: This notwithstanding was no impediment to the progress of the Siege.  
Not long after was celebrated the Nuptials of Madamoiselle de Rohan sole Heiress to the deceased Monsieur the Duke of Rohan, with Monsieur de Chabot of the house of Chabots or Jarnac in Angoumois, youngest son to the Governor of Leucate: this gave occasion to her Mother, who could never be wrought to consent to this Match, to publish that she was not sole Heiress (though she had formerly declared it by a public Instrument, when a Marriage was treated for her Daughter with Monsieur the Comte of Soissons.) To this purpose she produces an Infant about 15 years old, baptised at Paris in the Church of St. Paul, by the Name of tancred, which she maintained to be son to the late Duke of Rohan; and that she had always kept him concealed, fearing he might be taken from her, while Monsieur the Duke of Rohan retired himself at Venice; that he had been nursed in Normandy, in the house of the father of her Maistre de Hostel, and after that transported into Holland. Upon this Case did afterwards arise that famous Pleading in the Parliament at Paris.  
In Germany, the Marshal de Turenne was defeated by Jean de Wert, who commanded the Army of Bavarians, near to Mariandal, the 5 of May. The Colonel's Rose, the Vicomte de Lamed, and the Sieur Passage, Prisoners of War, were carried to Ingolstat. The misfortune of this Battle was recompensed in Catalonia, the Comte du Plessis-Praslin having taken the Town of Rose, which the Spaniards surrendered upon honourable Compositions the 28th of May. After this la Motte in Lorain, which Garrison did much damage upon our Frontiers, was surrendered to the Marquis de Villeroy the first of July, by Clicot Governor of the place, who was forced to capitulate after a long resistance. The 11 of the same month the Fort of Mardike submitted to Monsieur the Duke of Orleans.  
About the same time Mary de Jars, called la Damoiselle de Gournay, Kinswoman to the Sieur Montagne (from whose Pen we have the Book of Essays) being aged 80 years, died at Paris. She surpassed all her Sex in Learning, having left behind her several Printed works: many great persons did honour her, among whom Justus Lipsius.  
The 6 of July, Messire Josias de Rantzau, descended of the Illustrious house of the Comtes de Rantzau in Holstein, whom the course of our History has shown in many generous Actions for the Service of France, received the Staff of Marshal from the hand of Monsieur the Duke of Orleans, by the King's order. He had lost in several Encounters one Eye, one Arm, and one Leg; which notwithstanding had no ways diminished the vivacity of his Spirit, and that as well in a Council of War, as in a brave resolution in Engagements.  
The Duke of Enguien continuing still the progress of his Arms, and marching up into Germany, gave Battle near Nordlinguen the 3 of August, where the Imperialists were defeated, General Mercy slain, with 4000 Enemies, and about 2000 taken Prisoners, among whom General Gleen. After this he takes Nordlinguen, which submitted to discretion. We lost there the Marquis de Pisani, son to the Marquis de Romboüillet, and the Sieurs de Gremonville and Marson; beside the Marshal de Grammont, who remained Prisoner, with the Marquis de la Chastre.  
The Town of Bourburg near Gravelines, sometime part of the Appenage of the house of Vendôme, but of late Usurped by the Spaniard, being besieged by Monsieur the Duke of Orleans, surrendered the 19th of August: 600 men went out of it, who were conducted to Gravelines as Prisoners of War. And the 21 of the same Month was taken Mont-Cassel.  
Hereupon Bethune, a considerable place in Artois, surrendered by Composition to the King's Army: and presently after, the Marshal de Rantzau invests the Town of Lilers, and the Marshal de Gassion that of St. Venant; both which surrendered not long after, and thereby made us Masters of the River Lis. In the mean time the Duke of Guise went to take an exact view of the Town of Armentiers.  
Not long after this, the Sieur Mazerin, of the Order of St. Dominique, Master of the Holy Palace, and at present Archbishop of Aix, departed from Rome for France.  
The 7 of September, the King went to the Parliament. At the same happened a difference in the Convent of Reformed Jacobins, in the new street St Honoré, between the Parisians and Gascons of this Reformation: these demanding to be separated from the other. The affair was urged to such a point, that the Queen Regent gave order to the Chancellor, with certain Bishops and Councillors of State, to compose it: who ordained, that there should be no separation; that none of the Parisians might be sent into Gasconie; and that there should be but 8 Gascons in the said Monastery; four of which to be of the Province of St. Maximin, and the other four of Tholouse.  
The Town of Armentiers, through which passes the River Lis, and in which are about 6000 Inhabitants, surrendered by Composition to the Mareschals de Gassion and de Rantzau, on the 10 of December. In the mean while, by the mediation of the most Christian King, a Peace was concluded between the Kings of Sweden and Denmark; the Sieur de la Tuillerie being sent Ambassador Extraordinary on the part of his Majesty.  
The 20th of September, was concluded at the Castle of Fontainbleau the Contract of Marriage between Vladislaus King of Poland, and Lowisa-Maria de Gonzague, Daughter to the Duke of Mantua, and Aunt to him now living. The Contract, among other things, contained, that the Princess Mary should have in the name of Dow●y two Millions and one hundred thou●and Livres of French money; of which sum, the most Christian King should pay six hundred thousand Livres in free gift; and for the other fifteen hundred thousand Livres, was to be valued her Title which she might have to succeed her Father in the Duchy of Mantua. The King Authorized this affair as her Father, and the Queen Regent as her Mother, who thereupon did sign the Contract.  
On Sunday the 29th of October, the Ambassadors of Poland made their magnificent entry into Paris, at the Gate of St. Anthony. The pomp was so full of admiration to the eyes of all Spectators, (who filled the Highways for the space of two Leagues from Paris) insomuch that several Authors have in their Writings left us very ample descriptions of it. I shall therefore dwell no longer on this particular of small consequence, having so large a Subject of the Exploits of War, and our Generals of Armies. Let it suffice that the Ambassadors were the Bishop of Varuic, and the Palatine of Posnanie, who the Tuesday following had Audience of their Majesties, and afterwards of the Princess, the designed Queen of Poland.  
During these Secular Grandeurs, the Church Triumphed in three Conversions: One was of Prince Edward Count Palatine of the Rhine, Husband to the Princess Anne de Gonzague Sister to the Queen of Poland, who abjured Heresy between the hands of Father Fore a Cordelier, the 3d of November. This was immediately preceded by that of the Marquis de Montausier, who was made Governor of Angoumois and Xaintonge. Afterwards, in the month of July, at the siege of Bourburg, followed that of the Comte de Rantzau, who (as may be seen in the course of this History) after many Exploits of War, and in divers Combats, having left himself but half a Body, had notwithstanding a Soul remaining so sound and entire, as to dispose himself into the Bosom of the Church; in which affair also was employed Father Fore.  
On the 20th of October, the Town of Balaguier submitted to the Comte de Harcour Viceroy in Catalonia.  
The 3d of September happened a great fire in the Town of Angers, which begun in the house of a certain Pastry-Cook; the Flame raged with such violence, that it did much damage to many Houses: this occasioned the concourse of many people to assist. During the Bustle, somebody advised to cast into the midst of the Flames certain little Scappularies of the Virgin of Mount Carmel; with which action the fire was appeased and extinguished, yet the Scappularies themselves no ways endamaged.  
During this, they murmur at Rome to see the Arms of France placed over the Palace-gates of Cardinal Barberin, and Dom Thadaeo his Brother Perfect of the City: But the Cardinal Barberin gave an account of the action to his Holiness.  
On the 5th of November, the Queen of Poland was espoused to the Prince Palatine of Posnanie, representing the person of the King his Master. The Ceremonies were performed at the Palace Royal by the Bishop of Varuic, with permission of the Cardinal of Lions Grand Aumosnier of France, and the Archbishop of Paris: And after Mass, was celebrated the Feast Royal.  
And now the Marshal de Gassion, who commands the King's Army in the Low Countries, cuts in pieces the Spanish Forces, takes 19 Ensigns, and 8 Cornets of Horse, and 4000 Prisoners. At the same time the French Army, under the conduct of the Marshal de Turenne, takes Treves by Composition, of which place the Comte de Laverne was Governor. Afterwards the Archbishop Elector of the Empire was restored to his possession.  
This year the Assembly of the Clergy was held at the great Augustins in Paris. And at the same time was finished that painful Work, the great Bible, which contains seven several Texts, viz. the Hebrew, the Samaritan, the Chaldee, the Seventy, the Syriack, St. Jerom's Translation, and the Arabic: The Work consists of ten Volumes, and was perfected at the expense of the Sieur le Jay. This admirable Piece being now completed, was presented to the King and Qu. Regent, in the presence of Monsieur the Duke of Orleans, Monsieur the Prince of Condé, Monsieur the Cardinal of Mazarine, and Monsieur the Chancellor. Le Sieur le Jay received for recompense a Brieve to be Councillor of State, and 2000 Livres of Pension.  
The 27th of November, Loüise-Marie de Gonzague Queen of Poland, parted from Paris to find the King her Husband, with the Ambassadors: the King and Queen Regent accompanied her almost to St. Denis in France, and bid her adieu before the Chapel of Clignancourt, leaving with her the Sieurs de Rhodes and Sanctot, great Masters of the Ceremonies, the Sieurs de Berlise Conductor of Ambassadors, and the Lineage Captain-Ensigne to the Regiment of Guards, to conduct her to the Frontiers; and to cause the same honour to be paid her in all places where she passed, as to the King and Queens own persons. Having remained two days at St. Denis, she passed on to Senlis, Compeigne, Noyon, and from thence to Peronne, where she was received by the Sieur d'Hoquincourt the Governor. Passing still further, she rested in the middle of a Field, where the Sieurs de Rhodes, Sanctot, Berlize, and Lineage took their leave of her, having first delivered her into the hands of the Comte de Buquoy General of the Spanish Army. Hereupon a suspension of Arms was made for three days. In the mean time the Sieur de Hoquincourt caused to be erected a Table, for the entertainment of 80 persons. Near at hand stood six 
* Muid, in French, 3 of which make a Tun.  Hogsheads of Wine with their heads knocked out. The King of France's Health was begun by the Governor of Cambray; the King of Spain's by the Sieur d'Hoquincourt: and in like manner the Combat of the Glass continued till the Queen's departure; at which time the Comte de Buquoy presented her with a Company of 100 Spaniards for her Guard.  
On the 4th of December, the Fort Mardike, which the French had took like Lions, the Spaniards surprised like Foxes.  
When the Queen of Poland passed through the Country of Cologne, towards Vtrec, there was presented to her sight a Damsel, named Anne Marie de Skurman, a Virgin endowed with many handsome qualities; she understood and spoke divers Languages, as the Arabic, Turkish, Greek, French, and Spanish; but above all Latin, in which she would answer to certain questions of Divinity and Philosophy, in presence of the Queen and Ambassadors of Poland. Among several other Works, she has writ two Latin Epistles, Translated into 
* By Monsieur Colletet, one of the Academy.  French; besides two other which she writ full of Eloquence, in our Language, to the Queen, and to Monsieur the Cardinal of Richlieu, who thought it not below them to answer her in the year 1638. This Damsel is accounted one of the Wonders of the Age.   

Anno 1646.  
The 6th of February, in the year 1646. Cardinal Francis Barberin, Dom Thadaeo his Brother Perfect of Rome, with four of his Children, and all their Train, arrived in Provence, having left Rome upon jealousy arising from certain ill actions on the part of their Enemies. Cardinal Antonio their Brother came hither the month before.  
In February, Cardinal d'Est Brother to the Duke of Modenae, was declared Protector of France in the Court of Rome; whereupon the Breve was carried him by Monsieur the Abbot of St. Nicholas les Angers, who at the same time parted from Paris for Italy.  
The 14th of March, upon a difference happening between the Religious de la Mercy and their Prior, whom they refused to obey because he was a Gascon; it was Ordered by solemn Arrest, that the Gascon should remain Prior, in regard the Gascons are Frenchmen as well as the Inhabitants of the other parts of the Kingdom.  
The 21th of February, deceased at Paris M. Thomas de Gauffre Priest, heretofore Master of the Chamber of Accounts, who succeeded in the pious Offices of Father Claude Bernard, in visiting the Prisoners, and assisting the Poor and Criminals at their Execution. His Body was buried at la Charité. Le Sieur Juif, Son of that famous Chirurgeon not long since deceased, succeeded him in those charitable Offices.  
The displeasure which the Duchess Dowager of Rohan had conceived at the Marriage of her Daughter Marguerite de Rohan with Messire Henry de Chabot, now Duke of Rohan, was grown to that height, that it occasioned an Arrest in the Court of Parliament at Paris, which was given at this time against Mr. Jacob Jolly Proctor of the said Court, Tutor in the Cause of one called tancred. The Arrest prohibited to the said tancred to call himself Son of the deceased Duke of Rohan, or to take to himself the Name and Arms of the House of Rohan; and to the Duchess Dowager and all others to give him that quality, under the penalties in the said Ordinance contained: and lastly, the said parties were condemned in the costs of Suit. This was after Martinet, the Advocate, had pleaded with no less Learning than Eloquence for the Lady Marguerite Duchess and sole Heiress of Rohan, and Gaultire for Henry de Chabot Duke of Rohan: neither Jacob the Proctor, nor any other appearing for tancred.  
In the month of April were published certain Apologies in defence of the Cardinals Barberin, who had refuged themselves in France, and put themselves into the King's protection.  
Before we pass any further, let us deliver the Queen of Poland into the hands of the King her Husband: she arrived at Warsow the 10th of March; the Prince Charles Brother to the King met her: she was presented to the King by the Comte de Bregy, in the name of both their most Christian Majesties. The Marshal de Guebriant also made another Compliment; but the Queen offering to kneel, as is customary to Queens when first they see their Husbands, the King raised her with a kiss and embrace. Presently after this, the Apostolic Nuntio, in his Pontificial habit, confirmed the Marriage with the usual Benediction.  
On the 7th of May, the Cardinal Barberin went to the Assembly of the Clergy by way of visit, where he was harangued by the Archbishop of Thoulouse.  
In the same Month of May, Messire Philip Cospean Bishop of Lizieux, and formerly of Nantes, a Prelate of great Piety and Learning, deceased in his own Diocese, and in the 78 year of his age.  
On the 7th of May, the King made his first Voyage out of the Territory of Paris, for Amiens, where he was received with extraordinary joy.  
At this time was decided by Arrest of the Parliament at Paris, the Process formerly commenced, touching the Interment of Secular persons in Religious Houses, between Nicholas Measure Doctor of Divinity of the Faculty of Paris, Curate of St. Paul, and the Religious Minims of the Place Royal; in which all the Curates of Paris joined with him of St. Paul; and all the other Religious with the Minims. The Arrest contained, that always and as often as any particular person should choose his Sepulture in the Church belonging to any Religious Men, or Religious Women, whether without or within the Parish of the Defunct, the Curate or his Vicar, with all his Clergy, should conduct the Corpse to the Church-door of the said Monastery, where it shall be received by the Superior of the place, or some other of the Religious to that Office appointed: after this, the Curate or Vicar having certified that the Defunct died in the Communion of the Church, he shall departed with his Clergy. The Lights and Torches serving at the said Funeral, to be equally divided, one moiety to the Curate, and the other to the Religious. Prohibiting all Religious whatsoever to fetch and convey the Body of any Defunct desiring to be buried in their respective Churches, unless in case of refusal by the Curates or their Vicars; being first duly acquainted therewith, and required to perform the said Office. All this notwithstanding not to prejudice any agreements formerly made between any Curates, and Religious Houses, touching Interments: the tenours of all which are to be duly observed and kept.  
In England, during this May, the King left Oxford in disguise, being there Besieged by the Parliament-Forces, and fled to the Scots, who shown him no part of that due reception which belongs to their King, but sent him under a strong Convoy to Newcastle; to which place also the King of France sends the Sieur de Montreüil to reside near him, and reconcile him to the Parliament.  
On the 9th of May, the Comte de Harcour lays siege to Lerida, where in our first Attaques we lost the Comte de Chabot, and the Marquis de Géures, Sons to the Comte de Tremes.  
On the 14th of June, the Town of Courtray in Flanders was taken by the French Army, notwithstanding that Duke Charles, Picolomini, and Lamboy made a show of Relief.  
In Italy, the Town Orbitello in Tuscany was besieged by the Prince Thomas. Here our Admiral Commanding a Fleet on the part of the Besiegers, was killed by a Canonshot in a Naval fight. In fine, Prince Thomas was forced to retire, the Enemy's Forces being augmented by fresh succours.  
July 8th, the Prince of Wales  son to the King of England arrived at Caën in Normandy, and from thence directly to the Queen his Mother at St.  en Say.  
The 13th of July, died Messire Roger de Bellegarde Duke and Pair of France and Grand Escuyer, aged 83 years and 7 months: and the 26th of the same month died also his Brother Octavius de Bellegarde Archbishop of Sens. His decease was preceded by two other Prelates, viz. Messire Abra de Raconis Bishop of Lavaur in Languedoc, and Messire François de Pericard Bishop of Eureux.  
Longuvy, the only place that remained in the Duke of Lorain's Territories, was taken about this time by the Marquis de la Ferté Seneterre.  
The Assembly of the Clergy ending about the 30th of July, Messire Jean François Paul de Gondy, Archbishop of Corinth, and Coadjutor in the Archbishopric of Paris, made an Harangue to the King in the name of all the Clergy.  
And now Messire le Precedent Belieure was sent Ambassador into England, where he had favourable Audience by the Parliament at London the 27 of July, and the first of August by the King at Newcastle.  
In the beginning of August, the Fort of Mardike was Besieged by Monsieur the Duke of Orleans: the brisk Attaques which we gave, took from us at the very first the Chivalier de la Füeillade, le Sieur du Terrail, of the same Race with Captain Bayard; and three days after, the Comte de Flay, and the Chevalier de Fiesque. The Duke of Nemours was Wounded by a Musquet-shot in his Leg, but without hurting the Bone; and as favourably, the Prince de Marsillac Eldest son to the Duke de la Rochfoucault. The 22 of August, the Sieur de Grignan had his Head taken off by a Canonshot. This resistance by the Besieged inflamed the Courage of our party; and the mouth of the Channel being stopped by six ships of Holland, so that the Besieged were forced to receive all their Relief from Gravelines, to which they had been as a Bulwark: Mardike finding herself so severely pressed, began to Parley: the Besieged were received to Composition by Monsieur the Duke of Orleans; and the chief Articles were, that 3000 men, then and there in Garrison, should come out, Life and Baggage safe, but should remain Prisoners of War. The place thus taken, the Sieur de Chalen was made Governor.  
The 6th of September, the Comte Magnus Gabriel de la Gardie, Ambassador extraordinary from Swedeland, arrived at Paris, where he was extreme kindly received by their Majesties, and lodged at the Hostel de Vendôme.  
In the mean while News arrives at Court, that on the 17th of September, his Holiness at the King's Instance had restored those of the House of Barberins to their Goods, conditionally, that the two Cardinals should abide some while at Avignon. At the same time the Marshal de Bassompierre, aged 68 years, dies suddenly at Provins.  
Dunkirk, which hitherto had been the receptacle of Pirates, who had continually scoured the Seas on all the Coasts of France, was Invested by the Duke of Enguien on the 17th of September, and assaulted so vigorously by our Soldiers excited by the courage of their Commander, that on the tenth of October it surrendered by Composition: The Marquis de Leide the Governor marched out with 1500 men, of which 400 Sick and Wounded; and he confessed to have lost 600 of his best Soldiers. The Marshal of Rantzau succeeded to the place of Governor for the French. Dunkirk was first built 600 years since by Baudoüin Earl of Flanders. After that, it was burnt down by the English in the year 1388. Rebuilt by the French, and after taken by the Spaniards, who kept it till the present Conquest.  
The King's Army in Italy, commanded by the Mareschals de la Mêleraye, take the Town, Castle, and Citadel of Piambino in Tuscany; at which time Monsieur the Marquis Villeroy, the King's Governor, received from the hands of their Majesties the Oath of Marshal of France.  
Portolongona, a place situated in the Isle of Elb, lying in the Tuscan-Sea between the Continent of Italy and Corsica, which was heretofore usurped from its own lawful Lord by a Captain of the Emperor Charles the 5th, in the year 1548. after that delivered into the possession of his son Philip the 2d, and whose Successors held it ever since, was now Besieged and taken by the French Army. In the midst of this Island rises a Spring, on this account the more admirable, that its Waters are observed to hold proportion with the length of the days of the year, in such manner, that when they are at the longest the Stream is able to drive a Mill, but when at the shortest 'tis almost dry.  
Lerida in Catalonia having been besieged by the Comte de Harcour for the space of 7 months, was relieved the 21 of November, in the night, by the Marquis de Leganez General of the Spanish Army; who forcing our Lines with 7000 Foot, and 3000 Horse, our party, though at the first they made a stout resistance, encouraged by the Valour of their Commander, yet finding themselves o'repowered by the number of the Enemy, were constrained to retire (but in good order) into Cerveres with 6000 Foot and 1000 Horse, by that means to secure the Country. We lost there the Comte de Origny: In revenge of this action, the Sieur de St. Colom-Marin, Marshal of the Field, took from the Enemy the Town of Arbera, the 6th of December following.  
The 26th of the same month Madam la Duchess of Orleans was happily delivered of a second Daughter.  
The same day, the 26th of December, being the Feast of St. Steven, Henry de Bourbon Prince of Condé deceased at Paris, aged 58 years and three months: he left two Sons and a Daughter, the 
* Formerly called Duke of Enguien.  Eldest of which makes no inconsiderable part in the French History of these last years, by reason of his many Renowned Exploits of War, Sieges and Battles, in which things he has rendered his Name Renowned, having joined Mars and Minerva in his own person. The second son is Monsieur the Prince of Conty. The Daughter Mademoiselle de Bourbon, Married Monsieur the Duke of Longueville.   

Anno 1647.  
In the beginning of the year 1647. though the Winter-season invited our Troops rather into Garrison, yet such was the courage of the Marshal de Gassion, that nothing relenting at the extremity of the Wether, he undertakes the siege of Ingelmunster; the Garrison of which place was no small impediment in our Victualling Courtray. This place was Attaqu'd with such fury, that she was forced to yield by the end of February. The Governor with his Garrison was conducted to Courtray, having received no other composition than to remain Prisoners of War. Also the Marquis of Marolles, Governor of Thionville (a place heretofore taken by the now Prince of Condé presently after his Victory at Rocroy, in the year 1643.) about the same time defeated a party of the Garrison of Luxemburg, by means of an Ambuscade, where he killed and took Prisoners above 100 men.  
About the end of the said Month of February, the Marshal de Turenne invests Tubinguen in Germany, and after a Siege of seventeen or eighteen days submits the place to the King's obedience. This did contribute much to the Treaty of Neutrality, not long after concluded with the Duke of Bavaria, in which was comprised the Elector of Cologne.  
Since the Archduke Leopold had quitted the Conduct of the Imperial Forces to be General in the Low-Countries, he had raised on the sudden a complete Army, with which he Invests Armentieres, under the Government of the Sieur du Plessis-bellieure. This Siege being so surprising, made the courage of our party yield to necessity, so that for want of Ammunition the place was surrendered the 31 of May. The Garrison remained all Prisoners of War, except the Governor and Principal Officers.  
At this time the King and Queen Regent were at Amiens, to give their orders more effectually for securing the Frontiers of Picardy.  
The Archduke Leopold having taken Armentieres, lays siege to Landrecies, where the Garrison not being sufficient to secure their Outworks, the Sieur Heudicourt their Governor, after a courageous defence of three Weeks, was forced to surrender the 18th of July.  
The Marshal de Gassion finding that he was unable to secure Landrecies, joined with the Marshal de Rantzau to revenge that loss elsewhere: this last in three days made himself Master of Dixmude; and the Marshal de Gassion so vigorously Assaulted la Bassée, that he forced the Besieged to surrender at the end of eight days. After this, the Marshal in one day takes the Fort Nieufdan near Newport, and Sluise, with several other little Forts, all which he Demolished. During this, the Marquis de Caracene, sent to relieve Newport in case of a Siege, obliges the Marshal to an Engagement, in which Rencounter the Enemy lost 300 men, and we not above fifteen.  
The French Army, being now in sufficient condition to oppose their Enemies, the King and Queen Regent leave Amiens the 27th of July, and take the way of Abbeville; passing thence to Dieppe, they were received by the Sieur de Montigny, who met them in the head of 500 Gentlemen. The 9th of August they arrive at Paris.  
The Marshal de Rantzau considering that the Marshal de Gassion was necessitated to remain in the midst of his Enemies to keep la Bassée, makes a show of besieging Lens; and by that means having diverted the Enemy, and brought off Gassion from all danger, attaques the Troops of Duke Charles, lately arrived from Luxemburg, and defeats 800 men, of which he took 200 Prisoners. Presently after, the Armies of these two Generals being united, the 10th of September, march against the Common Enemy, and often Skirmish, but always with advantage on our side.  
The 23 of September, our Army having past the River Lis, the next day arrives before Lens: The Marshal Gassion took the plain of Douai, and the Sieur de Villequier the Bridge Avandin: the night following they opened their Trenches, and the 26th the Cannon began to batter; but the Marshal Gassion being on his way to secure the Sieur de Villequier at the Bridge Avandin, and understanding that the Enemy had taken it, returns to the Trenches.  
The 28th he hearing that the Besieged had raised a Palisade near the Town-gate, he gives order that the Posts be immediately plucked up: and being told it was a matter of extraordinary danger, by reason of the Enemies continual firing from that quarter; he goes thither himself, and as he was trying to move one of the Posts, receives a Musquet-shot in the side of his head, with which he falls from his Horse; and being taken up and carried to Arras, deceased the 10th of October, in the 38th year of his Age.  
But the Sieur de Villequier continues the siege of Lens, and that with such resolution and effect, that the Besieged are forced to surrender the third of the same October; and the Comte de Palluau, Mestre de Camp of the Cavalry, took possession of the place with a French Garrison.  
In the mean time the Enemy thinking to divert the siege of Lens, besiege Dixmude; which place, after a courageous resistance on our part, was forced to surrender.  
The Marshal de Turenne receiving orders from the King to march into Germany, understands that Major-General Rose by secret practices had debauched several Soldiers of his Troops; hereupon, having first endeavoured by all means possible to reclaim him to his duty, though ineffectually; to prevent a greater disorder, he secures his person, and sends him Prisoner to Philipsburg.  
About this time, the Spaniards under the Conduct of Bonichausen, Marshal the Camp Imperial, Colonel Frangipani Governor of Frankendal, and Colonel Garnier, form a design to besiege Worms, the Garrison consisting but of 100 men. The Sieur de la March, Governor of the place, perceiving the weakness of the place, and being pressed by the Enemy who had already struck a terror into the Citizens, engaged to surrender, in case he received no relief in two days. Hereupon he sends immediately to the Governor of Philipsburg, who dispatches the Sieur de la Poquetiere a Gentleman of Touraine, with 100 men, who guarded with other Succours, pass the Enemy, enter the Town, and without ever resting Sally immediately at another Gate on the opposite side, charging the Enemy in that quarter so courageously, that in fine they beat them off, and 
* That is, to drive a Nail or Iron-pin into the Touchhole, so that they become useless.  Nailed their Cannon, in such manner, that the Enemy finding no hopes of gaining the place, quitted the siege.  
In Catalonia, the Marshal de Gramont, by order of the Prince of Condé, having pursued the Spaniards who besieged Constantine, returned and joins with our Army the 12 of October; and the 21, Monsieur the Prince of Condé, having drawn together all our Troops, on advice that the Spaniards under the Conduct of the Marquis d'Aietone prepared to fight us, and with design to engage them marches towards Belpouche, about three hours' journey from Lesborges, between Lerida and the Enemy; but perceiving them to retreat towards Lerida, he sends the Marquis de la Trousse to intercept their way, and follows himself upon their Rear. The Enemy, who thought of nothing but a safe Retreat to Lerida, and now seeing themselves encompassed by the Marshal de Gramont's Forces, prepare for fight; and they had undoubtedly beat our party, had not Monsieur the Prince, seeing the hazard, advanced and stopped their success: but by the favour of the Night, which came on apace, they repast the Segre, with the loss of seven or eight hundred men, cut in pieces by our Forces. We lost there the Sieur de Lupes St. Remy a Captain, de Serre a Cornet, and some Common Soldiers.  
The 24th of October, Tutavilla Governor of Terragona, presenting himself again before Constantin, was again beaten off by the Troops of Monsieur the Prince of Condé, and the diligence of the Sieur de la Baume Governor of the place.  
This year 1647. concludes with the Duke of Guise's entry into Naples, the Neapolitans (who of a long time had been oppressed with the Spanish Yoke) having invited him, and put themselves under his protection, during his abode at Rome. Embarquing then the third of November, attended only with his Aumosnier and the Gentleman of his Chamber, he arrived happily at Naples the fifth, and was there received with incredible joy of the Inhabitants, who had made a shift to defend themselves to that present against the Spanish Domination, notwithstanding their many Conspiracies; and had also expelled all those whom they suspected of the Spanish Faction. Here the Machinations of the other party were so great and dangerous, that the Duke run many hazards.  
From the year 1280, in which happened the Massacre of the French in Sicily, under Charles of Anjou first of that Name, and Brother of St. Lewis, to the time of René d'Anjou, Naples had been the constant Field of Battle in all the Contests between the Houses of Anjou and Arragon, as is observed in the course of the French History, where we may see how Charles the 2d succeeded to his Father in that Kingdom, and after his death his son Robert. Afterwards, about the year 1344, Joan the first of that Name, Daughter of Charles a Son of the said Robert, succeeded to the Crown of Naples. Joan ending her life by a sad and shameful death, Ladislaus son to Charles of Durazo succeeded, about the year 1387. and remained in possession of the Kingdom of Naples till his death. Ladislaus dying, Joan the 2d his Sister succeeds, in the year 1417. who finding herself continually molested by those of the House of Arragon, declares René d'Anjou her Heir and Successor, about the year 1435. But whether it was that his own peaceful Inclinations, or the Inconstancies of the Neapolitan humour stopped his designs, is uncertain: this is apparent, he never did any thing effectually towards the Conquest of that Kingdom, to which his Birthright did call him. This gave opportunity to Ferdinand son of Alphonso to seize the Sceptre, notwithstanding John Duke of Calabria son of René attempted (though in vain) to recover the right of his Grandfathers: But Charles the 8th, King of France, undertook this Enterprise with such a courage, that all Italy lay open to his Arms; and having first made his entry into Rome, he was received at Naples with extraordinary magnificence, in the year 1494. Charles after this retiring into France, and Lewis the 12th extending his Conquests to Milan, Francis the first desiring to extend them still further, at such time as he Besieged Pavia, divided his Army, and sent half for Naples; but his being taken Prisoner on the 24th of February, in the year 1525, put a period to those designs. From that time to the present, Naples ever remained under the Dominion of the Spaniards. And this last Change being so notorious, we have made this short recapitulation of the several vicissitudes of that Kingdom.  
From the time of Francis the first, to Lewis 13th, and Lewis 14th, so happily reigning at present, the power of Spain was arrived to that point, that in fine it seemed all Europe should speak no other Language than Spanish: but God, whose Dominion extends over all Monarchies, hath in a few years diminished the swelling extent of this, which now of late gins, by little and little, to fall within its ancient limits.  
But to return to the Duke of Guise, after this little digression, and observe some of the principal actions which at that time he performed in those parts; we must know then in short: This Prince, on his arrival perceiving how much the people were oppressed by the Spanish Dominion, in the first place dispatches several Couriers to all those Towns which he conceived most material to contribute to the overthrow of their Authority; and after he had duly disposed of all things, by his rare Conduct, he visits the said places severally, and takes an exact view of all their Ammunitions: after this, he raises 26000 men, which he distributes into three Bodies. And at the same time, Salerne falls off to the Republic.  
Hereupon Dom John of Austria, and the Duke of Tursi, arrive in Naples with a Counter Force, to stop the people's Mutinies; but they having joined Policy and Address to the Arms they had levied, the Spaniards could not possibly prevent their Choice of our Prince for Duke of the Republic, and Generalissimo of all their Forces. But since events of War are so uncertain, and what seems most assured often wants success; Fortune was so indulgent to the Spaniards, that our Duke was taken Prisoner by Tutavilla at the Pass of a little River; and this was the utter ruin of the Neapolitans designs.   

Anno 1648.  
Let us now return to France. The King, and Queen Regent his Mother, having been at Chartres to pay their Vows to our Lady, return to Paris the 27th of March 1648.  
In April, the Generals of our Armies prepare for a new Campagne, expecting the usual Progress, in adding to their former Conquests. Accordingly, on the 20th of August, his Majesty obtained a signal Victory before Lens; where the Prince of Condé Commanding in chief, took Prisoner the General Bek, who died soon after of his Wounds. This had filled all France with joy, had not an unexpected accident disturbed the Feast. On the 26th Te Deum was sung in the Cathedral of Nostre Dame at Paris; and on the same day, the Sieurs de Broussel, and the Blanc-mesnil were Arrested; which caused a great disorder through all the City, till by the Queen's bounty in restoring their Liberty, it was appeased.  
In the month of January, the same year, the Rebels of England had the horrid Impudence to Condemn their King to the Scaffold: After that, forbidden the having any other King for the future, and changed the Government to a Republic. Fairfax was declared General of their Forces, and Cromwell his Lieutenant; who soon after, on the acquittal of the former, took to himself the whole Authority: He made himself Master of Scotland, Ireland, and England, he made and unmade the Parliament at his pleasure; and in fine, under the name of Protector of the Commonwealth of England, he most Sacrilegiously usurped the Command of a King.  
This year ended with the Peace between France, the Emperor, and Swede, concluded at Osnabruc.   

Anno 1649.  
In the year 1649, the King, Queen, and Princes leave Paris, in the night between the fifth and sixth of January, and retire to St. Germains. The Parisians believing they intent to revenge their insolences committed in the action aforesaid, take Arms, and rise in Troops by order of the Prince of Conty. Hereupon the King seizes St. Denis, Meudon, Corbeil, and Lagny. This had no doubt occasioned a public Ruin, had not the Court of Parliament deputed several of their Members to his Majesty, and obtained a general amnesty, which once more restored France to her former quiet.   

Anno 1650.  
In January 1650, the Princes of Condé, Conty, and Duke of Longueville were Imprisoned in the Château de Vincennes; from thence removed first to Marcoussy, and then to Haure de Grace, and restored to Liberty the 6th of February 1651. The Princess of Condé retired to Bourdeaux with the Duke of Enguien her Son, where were also the Dukes of Boüillon, Rochefoucaut, and de Turenne.  
In this year the Enemy recovered Piombino, and Portolongone, le Catelet, la Capelle, and Veruins, as also Mouson, and Rethel, which notwithstanding they kept not long.   

Anno 1651.  
Nor was the year 1651 more fortunate to us, seeing we lost then Furnes, and Bergue in Flanders.  
And now the Prince of Condé retires into his Government of Guienne, neglecting to be present at the King's Majority, which was magnificently celebrated the 7th of September. Presently after, his Majesty takes a Journey towards Bourges, to stop the ill intentions of the Princes; which place, upon his approach, they quitted with their Forces.  
The King stops not in his designs, but marches on towards Poitou, takes St. Amand, sends the Comte de Harcour to attaque Rochel, which the Comte d'Ognon held at the Prince's devotion, and compels him to submit to obedience.   

Anno 1652.  
In the mean time the Parliament at Paris declares the Cardinal Mazarin guilty of High Treason; who retires for a while: but not at all to remit aught of his care or occasion to serve his Majesty, he raises several Troops, and presents them to the King at Poitiers the 25th of January 1652, without having encountered any obstacle. After this, Angers is Besieged by the Duke of Rohan, and compelled to submit to the King's obedience, together with le Pont de Cé. And now the King intending to justify his Minister, sends a Declaration to the Parliament at Paris, commanding that all the proceed against the Cardinal Mazarin be forthwith brought over to him.  
The King Besieges Estampes, in which place the Army of the Princes was shut up; but the Issue being not very advantageous to the Royal Army, he was forced to draw off, and invest Paris. Here happened many Attaques on both sides after the arrival of the Lorainers; though these last shunned the Encounter as much as possible, in such fort, that they came not hand to hand till such time as they met in the Fauxbourg St. Anthoine; at which Encounter it is believed there died more than 1000 men on both sides. The Fight endured from seven in the Morning till three in the Afternoon. The Prince of Condé did all that could be expected from a valiant Captain; nevertheless, had not Mademoiselle caused the City-Gate to be opened, and the Cannon to be discharged from the Bastille, the Army of the Princes had been utterly defeated.  
Two days after this, the disorder was so great in Paris, that all people were forced to wear Straw about 'em, as a mark of aversion to the Cardinal Mazarin: After this, they set fire to the outward Gates of the Hostel de Ville, where 300 of the most noted Citizens being Assembled, to consult of some means whereby to unite the City with the Parliament, the Mutineers, in order to destroy them all, first Massacre the Sieurs le Gras Master of Requests, de Janury Counsellor in the Parliament, Myron Master of the Accounts, and several others, as they came out from the Assembly. The Sieur Doujat Counsellor of the Great Chamber, and several other persons of Condition, had run the same fortune, had they not used Disguizes, and by the favour of the night past unknown during this disturbance. Two of the Factious were Condemned by the Sentence of the Parliament to be Hanged, and were accordingly Executed in the Court of the Palace. The Sedition grew to that extremity, that even the Priests, and Religious, Women and Children, were forced to wear Straw, and thereby secure themselves from outrages: nay, the very Nuns, who to shun the dangers of the Campagne sought refuge in this City, if at any time they were seen in the Streets, or Churches, found themselves obliged to appear with this ridiculous Badge. The Duke of Nemours about this time challenged the Duke of Beaufort; they met with Sword and Pistol: The Duke of Nemours fires, but without further execution than only to sing the Duke of Beaufort's Periwig; but he in return failed not to kill his Enemy.  
And now the people of Paris being pretty well tired with the effects of War, begin to disgust the rule of the Princes, and upon this occasion depute several of their Burgesses to Pontoise, where the King then was, to supplicate his Majesty to honour his good Town of Paris with his return. This occasioned the retreat of the Duke of Orleans, and flight of the Prince of Condé with his Troops. Not long after, the King returns to the City, followed by the Marshal de l'Hospital Governor of the place, the Prevost des merchand's, and the Eschevins, who had been all constrained to absent; and was there received with all the submissions and blessings which the people could possibly invent.  
After this, the King went to the Parliament, which he reunites with that part which he had lately established at Pontoise. And then and there also he publishes his amnesty, in favour of all those who had risen, provided that by their returning to duty they made themselves capable of such a Grace. But the Prince of Condé being retired into the Catholic King's Dominions, appeared in the head of an Army before Rhetel, of which soon after he got possession, as also of Chasteau-Porcien, Sainte-Menchou, and Bar.  
During the troubles at Paris, the Spaniards knowing the Marshal de Grancey to be absent from Gravelines, lay siege to that place, and take it before it could possibly be succoured on our part.  
Those of Guienne finding themselves in such disorder by reason of the Prince's party, invite the King's Army to come among them, commanded by the Count de Harcour, who retakes Barbesieux, Pondesat, and la Reole; though the Baron of Vatteville was come into the River of Bourdeaux to assist the Princes, on the part of the Catholic King; who serving himself of the present troubles, sent Dom John of Austria to Besiege Barcelona, of which with much ease he became Master. However, the loss was in some sort repaired by the reduction of Montrond; of which place, the Marshal de Palluau, who Commanded at the Siege, had order to cast down the Fortifications.  
Towards the end of this Campagne, the measure of our disgraces was arrived to that fullness, as to lose also Dunkirk, and Casal; the first to the Spaniards, the other to the Duke of Mantua.  
The Cardinal de Rets, Coadjutor of Paris, having been arrested in the Lovure by the Sieur de Villequier, was conducted to the Bois de Vincennes, where having been detained for a considerable time, was from thence conveyed by the Marshal de la Mêleraye to the Castle of Nantes, from which in the open day he escaped, first to Belle-Isle, and then to Rome.  
The Marquis of Vieville, Superintendent of the Finances, being deceased, the Sieur de Servient, and the Sieur Fouquet Attorney-General, were jointly put into the Office.  
Also the Cardinal Antonio Barberin had the Office of Grand Aumosnier of France, conferred the 8th of April, late void by the death of the Cardinal of Lions.   

Anno 1653.  
The year 1653. began successfully in Bourgogne; Bellegarde is besieged by the Duke of Espernon Governor of that Province, and in spite of the Marquis of Bouteville's resistance who Commanded the place for the Prince of Condé, he forced a submission to the Arms of his Majesty. Rhetel, Mouzon, and St. Menehou, not long after followed the same fortune. But the taking of Rocroy by the Prince, abated a little the public joy for these advantages.  
This Success was followed by the reduction of Bourdeaux, and all the other Towns of Guyenne who had taken Arms in the Rebellion. As also by the accommodement of the Prince of Conty, and the Duchess of Longueville, who came in to the amnesty; but the Princess of Condé refusing to use that favour, put herself directly on the way to Flanders with her son the Duke of Enguien.   

Anno 1654.  
On the 19th of January 1654., the King being seated in his Court of Parliament, at which were present a sufficient number of Peers, Process was commenced against Lewis de Bourbon, Prince of Condé; which ended the 27th of March. About the end of May, his Majesty took his Journey towards Rheims, to be there Crowned and Anointed: he arrived the third of June; and being received by the Burgesses and Inhabitants with extraordinary testimonials of love, he was conducted to the Cathedral of Nostre-Dame, where the Bishop of Soissons attended him, with the Choir and Canons of the Church. The 7th following, was performed that admirable Ceremony of his Anointing and Coronation by the said Bishop, who in that Office represented the Archbishop of Rheims. At the same time, the Town of Stenay was Besieged, and forced to surrender to the King's obedience; though the Prince of Condé did his utmost to relieve it: But the Prince acknowledging the loss unavoidable, immediately marched the whole Force of the Spanish Army towards Arras, to which he lays siege with 30000 men, and all this before our Generals could possibly put into the place any Succours considerable: Here he made a Circumvallation that seemed to defy all the force of the World: notwithstanding, the Lines that compassed it, how dreadful soever, were so vigorously attaqued by our Army, sent to endeavour the relief, that the Enemies were constrained to abandon their designs, sufficient to intimidate any Nation but the French. We gained by this flight of theirs (which happened on St. Lewis' day) sixty pieces of Cannon, and all the Baggage of the Besiegers: 'Tis also possible they had all found their Graves on the place, had not the Prince (the Archduke and other Chiefs having left him) bestirred himself more than ordinary to assuage the precipitate violence of the retreat.  
The Marshal de la Ferte-Seneterre, desirous to end the Campagne as gloriously as it was begun and continued this year, led the Body which he commanded before Clermont, which he Besieges and takes. In the mean time our other Chiefs observe the broken condition of the Spanish Army, which all the Winter did nothing but only threaten Quesnoy; which place was so well furnished by the Marquis de Chastelnau, assisted by the Marquis de Monpoüillon, and the Chevalier de Maupeou, that she found herself in no condition to fear her Enemies.   

Anno 1655.  
The beginning of the year 1655, was remarkable for the decease of Pope Innocent 10th, happening on the 7th of January: after whose death the Cardinals entering the Conclave the 17th of the same month, and there continuing till the 7th of April, where all the Ambassadors were also present to perform their Compliments; they elected to the Holy Seat Cardinal Chisi, a Gentleman of Sienna, as the most worthy in the Sacred College: he had been in all the considerable Offices belonging to the Chair of Rome, and being now in the supremest, took the name of Alexander 7th. His inclination to Peace gave hopes that he would procure it to Christendom, provided he found the Spaniard as much disposed to it as France; which hopes we have at length seen happily effected.  
About this time the Duke of Guise arrived from Naples. And the Court thought convenient to send into Portugal, to purchase there a certain number of Ships for the King's service.  
In May 1655, Monsieur the Prince of Conty, Lieutenant-Generalissimo, and Viceroy for his Majesty in Catalonia, took by Assault Cap-de Tiers; and in July, continuing the course of his Victories, he took Chastillon and Saulsone. No less glorious success had our Arms in Flanders than in Catalonia, by the taking of Landrecy, in the face of 35000 men, which being all their force, our Enemies had united, if possible, to secure this important place, but the event rendered their endeavours to no purpose.  
Following the course of our successful projects, in August, the same year, we took Condé, and St. Guillain; the King commanding there in person, and having for his Lieutenant-Generals the Turenne, and la Ferté-Seneterre.  
In November following, Peace was concluded and proclaimed between France and England; the Treaty was made at Westminster, Monsieur de Bourdeaux being Ambassador from his Majesty to the said Republic.  
During this year, the Dukes of Mantua and Modena arrived in France, to perform to his Majesty their several Homages. Then arrived also his Enemy Cardinal Antonio Barberin Nephew to the late Pope Vrban the 8th, named by his Majesty for his Grand Aumosnier in place of the decased Cardinal of Lions.   

Anno 1656.  
On the third of January, being the Feast of St. Geneviefve, 1656, Messire Matthew Molé, Guards Sceaux of France, deceased about seven in the Morning, after three day's sickness, in the 72 year of his age; during which time he had passed most of the chief Offices belonging to his robe; namely, that of the Precedent of Requests of the Palace; Attorney-General in the Parliament, which place he exercised near 27 years; first Precedent in the said Assembly near thirteen years, and lastly Guard de Sceaux; and all these with a marvellous integrity and fidelity to the King's service. The next day the Chancelier of France coming to attend the King according to the orders sent him by the Sieur Mancini, his Majesty by the advice of his Eminency, gave him the Seals in the Queen's presence, with all possible demonstrations of the just esteem which he had for this so eminent and sage Head of the French Justice.  
In the same year, the King having laid siege to Valenciennes, where the Marshal de Turenne commanded in the quality of Lieutenant-General; and having now reduced this important place, and the Spanish Forces to their very last effort; but not being able to prevent the succours, he raised the siege. Though immediately after, his majesty's Army in Italy, under the conduct of the Duke of Modena, took Valence; and at the same time his said Majesty forced la Capelle to submission, in sight of the Enemy's Army, consisting of more than 30000 men.  
On the 8th of September, the Princess Christina, late Queen of Swedeland, after she had abjured Heresy between the Pope's own hands at Rome, and resigned her Kingdom to her Cousin Charles Gustavus, Prince Palatine, arrived at Paris, where she was most magnificently received; after this, and that she had saluted the King at Compiegne, she returned to Rome.  
This year ended happily with a Universal Jubilee, which began the first Sunday of Advent, and ended the second of January 1657.   

Anno 1657.  
This year gins with the loss of the Town of St. Guillain, which the Spaniards recovered from us, the Garrison retiring to Guise after an honourable Capitulation.  
The season now approaching to draw into the Campagne, Monsieur the Marshal de Turenne took the way of Flanders, there to command our Forces: The King followed not long after, making his Family immediately set forwards for Compeigne.  
Monsieur le Mareschal de la Ferté having also directed his march towards Luxemburg with a considerable Army, Monsieur the Marshal de Turenne assisting him at a distance with his Troops, he invests Montmedy the 11th of June, and wrought at the Lines with such a resolution, that in spite of all resistance from the Besieged, they were completed the 15th following. In regard this place was of such importance to the Catholic King, the Spanish Commanders did their utmost to relieve it; but with no success, and therefore they think of some other way. Having then intelligence that the Garrison of Calais had been of late much weakened by the absence of 300 men, drawn off from thence to reinforce that at Ardres, they resolve to attaque it at unawares; but it resisted with so much glory, that the Assailants, not able to effect their designs, retired with shame.  
The Spaniards unable to relieve Montmedy, the Inhabitants were forced to capitulate, the 6th of August. The Garrison, consisting of 300 Musqueteers and 100 Horse, left the place, and were conducted within sight of the Walls of Arlon. The King entered, and viewed the Walls round, on Horseback. He made the Baron de St. Pé Governor, to whose place not long after succeeded the Marquis de Vandy, one of his majesty's Generals, and Campmaster to the Carabines.  
The Conquest of Montmedy, was followed by that of St. Venant; from which place the Spaniards desiring to divert our Arms, made a show to attaque Ardres; where notwithstanding they were forced shamefully to raise their siege, with the loss of the entire Regiment of Persan, who were all cut to pieces. The rest of this Campagne passed in petty Skirmishes; in particular, the Garrison of Rocroy was sound beaten in seeking to raise a Contribution among the neighbour Villages.  
Dom John of Austria, the Prince of Condé, and several Troops with them, having put themselves into Dunkirk on some design, the Marshal de Turenne on his part prepares to attaque Mardike; which he did so effectually, that it was soon after surrendered to the discretion of our Commanders, the Enemy having deferred to capitulate, till it was too late.  
We were no less happy in Italy. The Castle of Monteri surrendered to the force of our Arms; so also did the Castle of Non, which was taken before the very face of the Comte de Fuensaldaigne, by the Prince of Conty. After this, we invest Alexandria; but the siege there was no sooner form, but raised again, and that for the Conquest of Montecalvo, and the Castle of Monts, places which made us Masters of Monferrat.  
Nothing considerable past this year in Catalonia, where at that time the Duke of Candale commanded, but died in his return at Lions.  
The Magazine of Powder in the Townhouse at Bourdeaux took fire, by some accident, which reduced that poor Town into a deplorable condition. This misfortune happened on the third of December.  
Innocent the 10th deceasing, (as aforesaid) Alexander the 7th succeeded in the Papacy, who desiring above all things to see the two greatest Kings of Europe united in a Peace, proposed it first to his most Christian Majesty, and endeavoured to incline him: but he received for answer, that the only obstruction lay on the part of his Enemies, and that he was always most willing.   

Anno 1658.  
This so generous Declaration thus happily opening the way, gave no small hopes for the effecting so great a good: but first his Majesty found himself obliged to force the Spaniards to reason, by a further pursuit of his Victories, beginning with the siege of Dunkirk; which soon after being taken, he put it into the hands of Milord Lockhart the English Ambassador, conditionally that he should permit no violence to the Religion of the Inhabitants.  
The taking of this place, though of chief concern, 'twas too small a Conquest for our Invincible Monarch. The Battle of Dunes, which we gained entirely, with the addition of Bergues, St. Winox, Furnes, and Dixmude, followed this gallant Enterprise. The Spaniards were seized with terror at the sight of so many Conquests; and the consternation was so great among them, that at the very name of the French they took their heels before Newport, with the loss of 800 Horse and 3000 Cows, which our party took without any resistance.  
Amidst so many Laurels, our invincible Monarch was assaulted by a violent Fever, which in a little time reduced him to much extremity; but God, who is always vigilant for the conservation of Kingdoms, restored this young Mars to his people, beyond all their hopes. His health being thus recovered, his Majesty leaves Calais, to return to Paris, where all the Sovereign Courts, and the Burgesses, went out to meet him, testifying with how great joy they had received the happy news of his recovery, of which they had been almost desperate.  
In the mean time, the Mareschals de Turenne, and la Ferté, to whose care his Majesty had left his Army, to continue the glorious progress of their successful undertake; Having than first taken Moncassel, they invest Gravelines under the conduct of Monsieur the Marshal de Bellefons; which place, after a stout defence by the Besieged, who fought in despair, was reduced to a Capitulation, as when taken from us, at such time as the Spaniards made use of our Civil Wars. The Chevalier de Hautefeville Captain of the Regiment of Guards, entered the 31 day of the siege with three Companies of the said Regiment; and the Sieur Davignan was, the next day, left Governor till further order.  
The Spaniards foreseeing they were about to lose all that they had in these parts, did their utmost endeavours to secure what they could possibly: but the discreet vigilancy of Monsieur the Marshal de Turenne did always frustrate their designs. They were not able to secure Oudenarde, which surrendered immediately to the French valour: they were glad to take covert in Armentiers, and Tournay, for fear of being engaged to Battle; where without doubt they would have been beaten, since in all our Encounters, Fortune had seemed to forsake them, and to confer her Victories on us.  
The King designing to visit Lions, arrives at Dijon, where receiving some discontents from his Parliament, he interdicts them immediately, and pursues his Journey to Lions, at which place he was received with incredible joy from all people: And here it was that he received the compliments of Madam , who came to visit him with the Princesses her Daughters. Also his Royal Highness of Savoy presented himself with a very considerable Retinue, extraordinary well furnished. Two days after, his said Highness parted again for Turin, but with a most entire satisfaction at the sight of our excellent Prince. The Deputies of the Estates of Languedoc, and those of Provence, had Audience; but the Ambassador of Savoy had a particular one, as also the Envoy of the Duke of Mantua.  
Since, in the beginning of the year, all things did seem to concur to render the Laurels of our young Mars more resplendent, all people began now to talk of Peace. To that purpose, a Cessation from acts of Hostility was published on both sides, to the end they might have the more liberty to treat of the future tranquillity: and this daughter of Heaven, which God alone gives to his people, after he has chastised 'em, was equally desired by both parties. Monsieur de Lyonne, then, is sent into Spain, and the Sieur Pimentel arrived at Lions, during the King's abode there: this appeared a good and hopeful beginning, since both Nations began of themselves to reassume their former Traffic, so long discontinued.   

Anno 1659.  
Hereupon the Cardinal Mazarin, accompanied by the Duke of Crequy, the Mareschals de Villeroy, de Clerembaud, the Grand Master of the Artillery, the Sieur de Lyonne, and a great number of other Lords, takes the way of the Frontier, where Dom Lewis d'Haro chief Minister of Spain would meet him of France, to confer together for the perfecting so great a Work.  
The Truce was already prolonged to further order; but before they begin the Conference, it was agreed that Monsieur de Lyonne should have Commission to meet and compliment the Minister of Spain, and Dom Antonio Pimentel to perform the like civilities to him of France.  
Monsieur de Lyonne had order to propose to the Spaniards a Marriage between their Infanta and the King of France: and in regard their chief fear was, that in default of Male-childrens to succeed to that Crown, that Kingdom might fall to the King of France, their Queens being now with Child caused that apprehension to vanish, and rendered them the more attentive to this Alliance. Notwithstanding proceed were for a time broken, by reason of a difficulty presented on the behalf of the Prince of Condé, whom the King of Spain would have comprised in the Treaty. Cardinal Mazarin therefore writ to the Pope, to persuade that King to wave the Prince's Interest, and not for that to defer so precious a benefit to both Nations. The Spaniards, during this year, were in as bad a condition with the Portugals, and that made them the more easily incline to wave this Article. The Alliance which about this time France had contracted with England, and the interview of Madam  and his most Christian Majesty, had given them sufficient cause of jealousy: They went, therefore, seriously to work to effect the Treaty; and during the Winter, the King being returned to Paris, Pimentel follows him thither, and renews the Propositions of Peace and Marriage; to which Cardinal Mazarin and D. Lewis d'Haro conferred the finishing hand. These two great Ministers being arrived in the Isle of Pheasants, upon the River Bidassoa, with a most magnificent Train, after many notable Interviews and Conferences from the one part and the other, at last sign the Treaty of Peace, and Contract of Marriage between the Infanta of Spain and the King of France. Notwithstanding the Publication was not made immediately, that being reserved to render the ensuing year more August and Famous: the present, concluding with all dispositions requisite to our future hopes of an eternal happiness, and a lasting Tranquillity to both Kingdoms, which not a year ago none dared to promise or expect.  
The Peace then being proclaimed, his Holiness, and all the Potentates and Sovereigns of Europe, expressed their public joys and satisfaction, in those many feux de joy which they commanded their people to make through all their Dominions.   

Anno 1660.  
The Peace was Registered in Parliament the 12th of February, the Chancelier being present, and with universal applause and acclamations.  
In England, General Monk was so happy this year, as to contribute very much to the Restauration of his Majesty Charles the second, the lawful and undoubted Heir and Successor to that Crown.  
To put a complete end to a War, which had lasted 25 Campagnes, the King resolves on a Progress, thereby also to compose for ever the Factions in Provence, and reduce to reason certain Pirates of Marseilles, who becoming petty-Tyrants, did much oppress that important City. The Duke of Mercoeur entered the place, Sword in Hand, at the head of the King's Light-horse. The prudence and moderation of this Prince secured the Town from Pillage; and he observed so much order and circumspection in this affair, that he soon reduced the place to great obedience. After this, the King himself was received there with Volleys of Cannon, and the joyful cries of Vive le Roy.  
During this Journey, he caused to be demolished the Citadel of Orange, which heretofore had been the cause of much mischief to the Catholics of the three neighbouring Provinces, and was still suspected; and withal, charged the Prince of Orange, that hereafter he keep a more strong and able Garrison.  
To secure the Marsellois from all fears of their past miseries, the King caused to be traced out the Platform of a Citadel, and this for the future to contain the Nobless and Citizens in their duty. His Majesty being at Aix, with much joy and tenderness received the Prince of Condé at his return from the Low-Countries.  
Their Majesty's continuing their Progress through Languedoc, were received most magnificently at Thoulouse, and then at Bourdeaux, passing from thence to Bayonne, and so to St. John Luz, they arrived in the Isle of Pheasants, where was appointed the Interview of the two Kings, and the glorious reception of Maria-Theresa d'Austria, Inheretrix presumptive to the Estates of his Catholic Majesty. The Pomp and Consummation of these so great and splendid Nuptials, was very advantageous to the two Crowns. The Ceremonies performed, their Majesties take the Road of Paris, and arrive happily at the Bois de Vincennes, where for some days they rest, till the Queen's most magnific entry at Paris, the 26th of August.  
And now happens that horrid Earthquake, at the Pyrenean-Hills, which swallowing the hot Baths there, and several other places, caused extraordinary terror to the Inhabitants of all that Voisinage.  
The decease of the Duke of Orleans at Blois, the 2d of February, did much abate our public Joy and Triumphs, their Majesties and all the Court being sensible of so great a loss.   

Anno 1661.  
To put the Treaty of Peace in Execution, and to determine the limits of our King's Conquests, the Sieurs Courtin Master of Requests, Talon Intendant of Artois, and Parmentier Substitute to the Attorney-General, were commissioned to treat with the Commissioners of Spain, Vilteingh, Colins, and Anglanzey: They had laboured much in these particulars a long while, first at St. Omers, then at Arras, and lastly they concluded happily at Metz, where they limited the Extents of Flanders, Artois, Hainault, and Luxembourg; and having worthily acquitted themselves in their Employ, parted the 25th of November 1662.  
The Cardinal Mazarin did not long enjoy that Peace which he had procured to all France, having been almost ever since indisposed. The Fire which in the beginning of February happened at the Lovure, and consumed the Gallery, of Pictures that looked into the Garden, obliged his Eminence to forsake his Bed, and retire to his own Palace, where his disease continuing, he was advised to change the Air; which he did to Vincennes; but all this was not of force to prevent his death on the 9 of March following, to the great regret of the King, and all his Creatures.  
But the following Marriages of the Duke of Orleans with the Princess of England, and the Prince of Florence with Mademoiselle d'Orleans, caused the loss of this great Minister to be almost forgotten.  
The Sieur Fouquet, too intent on the increase of his own Fortune, was arrested at Nants the 5th of September, and conveyed to Vincennes, and from thence to the Bastille. He was the first cause of the erection of the Chamber of Justice, which has been so advantageous to those people that deal in these affairs, by the detection of the wasting of the King's Revenues, which they have applied to their own private uses, and to the great Purchases which they have made in the Kingdom.  
The extraordinary profusion in the Conduct of this Minister, obliged the King to take some pains in the reformation of his own Estate. We may say, that hereupon he effected two wondrous things, and by which he surprised the Politicians. The admirable order and Oeconomy which he established in his own house, and the Military Discipline in his Armies; in all which particulars he raised the Grandeur and Dignity of the Offices, and yet made as well the high as low Officers themselves exactly subject to his own Authority and Power, who all remain at present in their perfect duty and dependence. The other thing is, his having made himself so absolute a Master of all the Citadels and Fortresses of his Dominions, so that the Princes and Officers of the Crown, the Governors of Provinces, and of particular places, who heretofore made themselves of too great value and consideration, are now in a perfect obedience.  
He suppressed the Office of Superintendent of the Finances, and certain 
* Officers de l'Espargue.  Officers in his Exchequer, and established a Council and Treasury Royal, where nothing can be proposed, nor one single Sol paid out of his Coffers, unless it hath been there first resolved and ordered. But that which is most admirable, is, that his Majesty does himself consider and weigh all things, as well of great, as small concern, whether far off or near, necessary or superfluous. His Manufactures, and Buildings at the Lovure, Tuilleries, and other Houses Royal, have found a place in that vast Spirit, amidst the Citadels, and other important places of his Kingdom. War, and affairs of State, have not absolutely banished from his mind Pleasure and Magnificence: But having first heard the serious discourses of the Marshal de Turenne, and the Sieur Colbert, he is pleased to confer with our Illustrious Artisans, le Brun, le Nore, and all those excellent Spirits who have the very genius and perfection of their several Arts.  
It seems about this time, Spain was minded to try whether his most Christian Majesty's new form of Government would be maintained with force and vigour. To this purpose, the Baron de Batteville past an affront on the Comte d'Estrade, at the entry of the Swede's Ambassador Extraordinary at London. And the Spaniards being the stronger, killed some French on the 10th of October. After this, persuading the King of England that their Master had always acknowledged him, and assisted against Cromwell, they endeavoured to draw him into the quarrel of his Catholic Majesty. Hereupon, our King complains at Madrid, and Bruxelles, and calls home his Commissioners, who were labouring with those of Spain about settling the Limits of Flanders. In fine, France came off with honour in this action; and the Marquis de Fuentes, Ambassador extraordinary from Spain, made our King reparation, and assured him, that his Master had given order to all his Ambassadors and Ministers, to abstain, and strive no more with those of France in all such Ceremonies and public actions where they both happen to assist. This was performed in the presence of eight Ambassadors and 22 Residents.  
The Nativities of the Dauphin of France, and Prince of Spain, the first and ninth of November, was a new Blessing to both Nations. Oh what disputes shall these Illustrious Competitors hereafter manage, to maintain the Grandeur and Glory of their Predecessors!  
The King resolving a new promotion of Knights of both his Orders, a general Chapter was held at Fontainbleau about the end of December. Here, to the admiration of all men, the Duke of Longueville demanded precedency of him of Vendôme, scïlt. the next place after the first Princes of the Blood; but in regard of those Declarations, which Henry the great granted for the Duke of Vendôme the 15th of April 1610, Registered in the Parliament of Paris the 30th of the same, the Duke of Longueville's pretensions were utterly defeated. The Princes of Vendôme having by their Legitimated birth, and in respect of Marriage, priority above all other Princes, and a power to succeed to the Crown before the Dukes of Longueville; and all this is comprised in the said Declarations.  
On the 30th of December, the Novices marching before the ancient Knights, the six ecclesiastics were first received into the quality of Commandeurs of the Order: After them, the 66 Knights Laics. The King began with the Princes of Bourbon and Vendôme; but his Majesty not able to comprehend the pretensions of the Comte de Soissons, and the Duke of Guise, they were not received, saying, he would have them two go together, and march with the Dukes of Mercoeur, and Beaufort, who by right of Birth, and by the Declaration of Henry the Great, take place after the Bourbons, and aught to precede the Princes of Courtenay, and Portugal, when they are acknowledged and received into this Quality. This was adjudged authentically, and with great and mature consideration of the Case, and executed in the presence of the most Great and August Assembly of the Kingdom, and in the sight of more than 100000 Witnesses, all the people that were present at this so gallant action.   

Anno 1662.  
The next day, being the first of January, the grand Ceremony was continued at the Augustins, the Knights wearing the Collars of the Orders; and the second, being apparelled in Mourning-Robes, they assist at a solemn Service for the Knights deceased; at which was a most magnificent Representation; a King at Arms placed at the Head, and four Heralds at the Corners.  
And now it was that the Portugals had so well defended themselves during this first Campagne, that the Spaniards were forced to begin a new War.  
On the 19th of January, the Carnaval begun with a Balet consisting of nine entries, at the Madame's; in which, to render it the more excellent, was no omission of cost, or pleasing objects. The grand Ball was danced the seventh of February, where the Grandeur and glory of the House of France was most lively represented, with the fifteen Alliances which she had contracted in the Imperial Family.  
The Treaty with the Duke of Lorain, in which he released all his Estates to our King, under divers Conditions, reserving, however, to himself the Possession, was verified the 27th of February.  
At this time the Portugals contracted a strict Alliance with England, giving their Infanta, Tangier, and other advantageous Conditions to Charles the second, for his defence and assistance against the King of Spain. The Succours which they drew from thence, & France, have established that Crown against all the efforts of his Catholic Majesty.  
On the 27th of April, Peace, and a Renovation of the Alliance betwixt France and Holland, was concluded and signed, after a Negotiation of eighteen Months.  
It was on the 18th of June following, that the famous Carrousel, or Triumphant Combat on Horseback began. It was composed of five Squadrons or Companies. That of the King, were all apparelled in the ancient Roman habit: That of the Duke of Orleans, represented Persians; the Prince of Condé, Turks; the Duke of Enguien, Indians; and the Duke of Guise, the Savages. The party of the Prince of Condé gained the Prize, and received a Diamond from the Queen-mothers' hand.  
The attempt late made at Rome, the 20th of August, on the persons of the Duke and Duchess of Crequy, by the factions of the 
* The Pope's Guards.  Corpse's and 
* Sergeants.  Sbirres, against the Law of Nations, and the cruel and unjust persecution raised against the French, caused the Duke Cesarini, and the other Partisans and friends of this Crown, to oblige the Ambassador and his 
* L' Ambassadrice, in the Original.  Lady to quit the City, and retire into the Estates of Tuscany, and so return into France. The Church, and indeed all Europe found themselves much scandalised at so soul an action, much blaming the Fauters and adherents of this capital Crime, which made so great a noise, and in the end was determined in a Treaty.  
The Marquis Mathei, a chief Minister and Plenipotentiary of his Imperial Majesty, was expelled from his service, for having, unknown to him, and without his agreement, accepted the Office of Commander of his Holiness' Arms.  
The Emperor and our King were at this time reconciled, by the mediation of the Marquis de la Fuente; the Comte Fuensaldagne having laboured in that affair four years without effect. And their Majesties gave mutual testimonies of affection and sincerity, by several Letters which this Ambassador exchanged in the month of September.  
Great joy appeared in France and Spain, at the birth of Madam at the Lovure, the eighteenth of November. This Princess was 
* Ondoyée.  Christened privately by the Cardinal Antoine, in presence of the whole Court; and the 27th of December, the public Ceremony of her Baptism was performed by his Eminence, she being named Anne-Elizabeth, by the Queen-Mother, and the Monsieur. She deceased the 30th following, and her Body was conveyed to St. Denis.  
About this time a Courier arrived to inform the King of the delivery of Dunkirk, the Fort of Mardike, and the greater and lesser Fort of Bergue, and that his Troops were entered. Presently upon this news, his Majesty sets out for the place, where he made his entry the second of December, and returned again the sixth, with the same diligence that at first he had taken the Voyage, accompanied with the Duke of Enguien and Duke of Beaufort; this last but lately landed from giving chase to the Pirates of Barbary.  
This year was made happy in a conclusion of Marriage between the Duke of Savoy, and Mademoiselle de Valois.  
The Ballet of the Arts, consisting of seven Entries, was danced the first time at Madame's, where was present the Prince,  son to the King of Denmark.   

Anno 1663.  
The Duke of Crequy's return into France, and the reduction of Benevento in the Estates Ecclesiastic, the 14th of March, into which place the Prince de la Ricca had retired, contrary to his word passed to the Viceroy of Naples, for having killed an Artisan, and debauched away his Wife, had much alarmed the Court of Rome, who through a panic fear, had made several Levies, which again were disbanded as suddenly: Which occasioned a certain Cardinal to say, 
* Qu'elle possedoit la Science des Contre-temps.  That they played at cross purposes, having raised Arms, nobody knows against who, and laid 'em down again, not considering where they have made Peace.  
The Ceremony of the Nuptials of Mademoiselle de Valois, and the Comte de Soissons Proxy to the Duke of Savoy, was performed at the Lovure the fourth of March, by the Cardinal Antoine: the seventh following, the Princess departed for Savoy.  
About the eighth of June, Dom John, who had promised to himself the Conquest of Portugal, was beaten in a set Battle at Evora, by the Comtes of Villaflora, and Schomberg; recovering also at the same time, the said Town, and all the other Conquests of that Prince during the last Campagne.  
The Ottomans having form a design against the Empire, and being as yet in no very good condition to attaque it, propose an Accommodation. In the mean time, the Premier-Vizier, followed by 25000 Janissaries, 30000 Spahys, and 40000 men drawn out of Asia, 15000 under the Bassa of Bosnia, 14000 under him of Silistria, 8000 other Janissaries, and 12000 Spahies under their General Ali-Bassa, 6000 under him of Waradin, 9000 under Michael Abaffi, 12000 of Moldavia and Valachia, and 25000 who quartered near the Grand Seignior's person at Andrinople, enters Belgrade the 18th of June, as a Conqueror; Besieges and takes Neuhasel the 27th of October; besides that the vast body of such an Army did ruin Nevutrade, Novitrade, and several other places.  
This year his Majesty renewed the desires of the deceased King, and his own, for the recovery of the Commanderies of the Order. And surely the Estates ought to be restored, after so much care and concern, which these two great Monarches have showed for that most lawful and just Restitution.  
Marsal was invested by the Comte de Guiche, the 17th of October: this Marshal had given order for the siege; but the King's arrival in eleven days, and the humble submission of Duke Charles, who restored the place to the perfect obedience of his Majesty, filled the Court with joy; as also the Birth of a Prince of Tuscany, the ninth of August.  
The Duke of Beaufort being returned into the Mediterranean Sea, continued his usual course in performing many brave actions, and taking considerable Prizes; all which the King expected from his valour and courage.  
The Conversion of the Duke of Meklebourg, occasioned the King to confer on him his Orders of Knighthood, and to do him several other public Honours, not usual to any but Sovereign Princes: He is descended of the Kings of the Vandals, and from the Herules.  
The Ambassadors from the Cantons of Switzerland, having been treated at Vincennes with a magnificence truly Royal, made their public entry at Paris the ninth of November, with so great a splendour, that there was found more than 1000 Coaches in their Train. The eleventh following, they had Audience of the King, who took each of them by the hand, and remained 
* Convert, but I suppose rather uncovered.  Covered during the Harangue of the first Ambassador; to which his Majesty answered with much joy and tenderness. The Ceremony of the Renovation of the Alliance was performed at Nostre-Dame, where the Cardinal Antoine approaching the place in which his Majesty was then seated, and having placed the Book of the Gospels before him, the King put his hand thereon with the Ambassadors, while the Sieur d'Ormesson read the Oath. After this, Te Deum was sung, and the Cannon discharged.  
The Deputies of Avignon arriving to assure the King of the Fidelity and Zeal of that place, were presented by the Sieur de Lyonne, and had Audience the 24th of November, in the Grand Cabinet.  
Not long after this, the Duke of Enguien espoused the Princess Palatine Anne of Bavaria. Their Majesties were pleased to grace the Marriage-feast with their presence: The Bridegroom-Duke Duke dined at the Princess Palatine's his Mother-in-law, who regaled the Princes and Princesses with extreme magnificence. At Supper, the King and Queens were entertained at a Table of sixty Dishes, and six distinct Services, all nobly furnished.  
On the 14th of December, the King was pleased to declare in Parliament his pleasure to bestow the quality of Duke and Pair on fourteen persons, whom he esteemed most worthy of that Honour, as well by birth as merit; and these were, the Dukes of Vernüil, d'Estrées, de Gramont, de la Méleraye, de Mazarin, Villeroy, Mortemar, Crequy, Saint-Aignan, Foix, Liancour, Tremes, Noailles, and Coaslin.  
The Articles of Marriage between the Emperor and the second Infanta, having been published the 18th of the instant December, the Contract was signed by the Count de Pelting, Ambassador for his Imperial Majesty.  
The 27th of December, deceased at Turin Madame-Royale, much lamented by her people, and the Court of France.   

Anno 1664.  
With much displeasure did France and Italy behold the death of the Duchess of Savoy, which happened on the 14th of January; and not long after, that of the Archduke Charles-Joseph the Emperor's Brother, to the no less sorrow of Germany and Spain.  
The first Representation of the Ballet of Love's Disguise, was performed the 13th of February, by a most delightsome contest between Pallas attended by the Virtues and Arts, and Venus by the Graces and Pleasures: to accommodate the dispute, Mercury directs them to the King, whose Arbitration they also desire, and submit to. Here the Scenes were so many and complete, the fourteen Entries so splendid, the Habits so extreme rich, the Speeches and Poetry so charming, the Dancers so graceful and exact, that in effect this grand Divertisement became most admirable.  
And now our Troops appearing on their march in Modena, and Parma, the Marquis Mathei finds himself obliged to visit that Frontier, and renew his Orders to his reformed Officers of those Forces which he had lately raised. This also gave occasion to revive the Conferences at Pisa, between the Sieur de Bourlemont Plenipotentiary for the King, and the Sieur Rasponi on the part of his Holiness, which at last were happily ended by the Treaty of Peace concluded the 12th of February, where his Majesty, the Dukes of Parma, Modena, Cesarini, and the other Partisans and Friends of France, received all satisfaction: It contained, among other things, that the Corpse's were declared incapable to serve for the future in Rome, and the Estates Ecclesiastic: And that a Pyramid should be erected directly opposite to their Corps-de-Garde, with an Inscription containing the Decree against 'em. This War first made known to the Court of France the persons of the Cardinals d'Este, Maldachini, and Imperiale.  
The third of March, the Duke of Beaufort parted from Toulon with seven Vessels, to give chase to the Pirates of Barbary, who he had always defeated, and made Prize of, in many Encounters.  
The Peace of Italy obliged his Holiness to assist the Emperor with 2000 Horse and 6000 Foot: And it was ordered at Ratisbone, that they march with diligence, in regard the Ottomans were incredible for number.  
The 7th of May, the King celebrates a great Feast at Versaille, which lasted three days, under the Title of the Pleasures of the Enchanted Island. It began with running at the Ring; and here the Marquis de la Valliere received the Prize. The second day was represented a French Comedy, intermingled with Music, Poetry, and Entries of a Ballet: and the third a Ballet upon the Water, and artificial Fireworks.  
The Cardinal Chisi during this Legation in France, made choice of the Sieur Visconti, Auditor of the Rota, for his Datary: the Sieur Bucinocorsi, Clerk of the Chamber, for his Majordomo: the Sieur Roberti, for his Secretary; and for his Protonotary, the Sieur Colonna son to the Prince de Carbognano. He was received the 12th of May at Marseilles, with extraordinary magnificence; the like through all the Kingdom, till he arrived incognito at Fountainbleau, where he was received by the King at the entrance into the Queen-mothers' Cabinet des Bains. Afterwards he made his public entry at Fountainbleau the 18th of July, and at Paris the ninth of August: and returned to Rome with the same Pomp and magnificence that at first he arrived in France.  
Germany was at this time much Alarmed at the raising the siege of Canise, and at the loss of the Fort of Serin. The Premier Vizier had defeated the whole force of the Emperor's Army; and had it not been for the assistance of the French Forces there, commanded by the Comte de Coligny, the Consternation of that action had been extreme. The Comte de la Fueillade signalised his valour on this occasion, who arriving the 15th of August, defeated more than 10000 Turks on the Raab, where they lost 150 Colours, and sixteen pieces of Cannon, which were planted on the other side of the River; and all this notwithstanding the Gross of their Army was not far distant. This great success obliged the Turkish General to march towards Gran, there to join 20000 men, and thereby put himself in a condition to repair his said loss and shame, and also more effectually to secure that place, and Newhausel. He called back also those Troops which had already past the Vaag, to waste the Countries of Moravia, and Silesia, in order to his design of extending his Conquests to the very Walls of Vienna, and into the Hereditary Countries of the Emperor. But this Rout obliged a Truce between the two Empires, and the Enemy to decamp the 29th of September.  
The Enterprise of Gigeri did not a little contribute to effect this; so also his Majesty's design to render Africa and her Kings free and Christian, and to establish in that part of the World Commerce, and the Law of Nations. This had been truly a most Heroic action, and to the great profit of the whole World. It had had no doubt a favourable success, had the generous resolution of the Admiral Duke of Beaufort been followed. For the victorious are always obliged to fight and conquer; and they never take root in a strange Country, otherwise than by continual Combats and Battles, which make 'em feared, and casts the people into so great a consternation, that in fine they are glad to submit to the discretion of their Conquerors.  
The Duke d'Ossonne continuing the War in Portugal with no better success than Dom John, the Spaniards strive now to raise a more puissant Force than ever, under the command of the Marquis de Caracene.  
About this time the English offered several acts of Hostility to the Hollanders, and prepare for a War. The Parliament raise two Millions and a half of pounds sterling to manage it; they do much damage on the Coast of Guiny, and New-Holland; and their Fleet which scoured the Seas, had order to see that no English were aboard any Dutch Vessel; and if they found any, or if they refuse to be searched, to fight 'em.  
The 16th of November, the Queen was delivered of the Princess Mary-Anne of France, who deceased the 26th of December.  
This year the Venetians were at rest, le Marquis Ville having visited all the places of that State, and left 'em in good order.  
The Chevalier d'Hoquincourt with only one Ship fought gloriously against 33 Turkish Galleys, sunk five, and much endamaged the rest.  
The King desirous that Justice should be done in the most remote Provinces of his Kingdom, established a Chamber of Justice in Auvergne, where the Precedent de Novion did well answer the choice which his Majesty had made of so learned a person to preside there on Grand days.   

Anno 1665.  
The Ballet of the Birth of Venus was now danced: It was the Invention of the Duchess of Orleans, to whose conduct his Majesty had remitted the manage of this affair. It consisted of two parts, both beginning with excellent Dialogues and Speeches. The first by Neptune and Thetis, and the second by the Graces. It contained also twelve Majestic Entries; all which was augmented with a Masquerade of ten Entries.  
The Spanish Army now consisting of 10000 Horse and 20000 Foot, that King refuses the Mediation of the King of England, as to a Peace with Portugal; supposing the War with Holland would sufficiently employ that Prince, and prevent his assisting the said Kingdom.  
In the mean time, the States of Holland licence all private persons to equip out what Vessels they can to cruse about, and do what mischief they can to the English, whose Regiments they also cashiered, hoping thereby to repair the damage they sustain by the rapture of Trade.  
The Admiralties on both sides strive who shall equip the most potent Navy, and prepare for a vigorous defence: The English having made Prize of 160 of their Vessels. But that which surprised the whole World, was, that notwithstanding this, they joined their force against those of Alger.  
The Bishop of Munster's taking Arms, and the Intelligence he had with many Princes of Germany, obliged the Estates of Westphalia to assemble, and the Hollanders to stand upon their guard. They also desire the Hanse-Towns at the same time not to furnish themselves with any English Merchandise; in like manner as his Majesty of Great Britain had obliged them not to receive any out of Holland. And the better to defend themselves, they oblige Valdee and the Brunswic Troops to secure their Frontiers.  
About this time, the House of Austria laboured unsuccessfully to match one of their Princesses to the Duke of Savoy, thereby to draw him off from our Alliance; on which condition they offered to join Alexandrin to his Estates, and several other advantages; which the Bishop of Laon did not approve: He therefore demonstrated to this Prince, that solid Goods are of far greater consideration than empty appearances; and that his Marriage with Mademoiselle de Nemours would settle his Estate and House, which indeed ought never to be separated from the Interests of France. He had before this taken much pains to conclude a three and twentieth Alliance between the Houses of Savoy and France, of the Duke of Nemours and Mademoiselle de Longueville. This Prince did what he could to disengage himself, and procured the said illustrious Prelate to be Installed Archbishop of Reims.  
And now it was that the King sent into England the Duke of Verneüil, to endeavour a Reconciliation between his two neighbour-Nations, and prevent a cruel War. But they met the 13th of June; and Victory seemed doubtful for a while, till at last she declared in favour of the Duke of York; the Hollanders losing their Admiral Opdam, and 17 ships.  
At the same time the King Solemnised a great Feast at Versaille. After which, his Majesty did proscecute with much assiduity a former design, to unite the two Seas by the Rivers of Guyenne and Languedoc.  
The Battle of Villaviciosa this year, did much abate the Ambition of the Spaniards, and no less raise the Courage of the Portugals.  
The Treaty of the King of England with the Bishop of Munster astonished the Hollanders; and the Troops sent to their succours, engaged us in a War with that Crown.  
The Duke of Beaufort took and carried off the ships in the Port of Bougie, in spite of all resistance, from their Arms, Fire, or the Artillery of five Forts that commanded the place. He burned the Admiral of Alger, and two other Vessels, in the very mouth of the Harbour. Those of Alger sent out twenty ships to expel him out of their Road, he having only four, two of which they perceived this Prince had taken from them. They were glad to use the advantage of the Night to fight him in: but they were reduced to the utmost Consternation, when they perceived they got nothing but blows. In fine, they were so terrified, that they called back their Fleet again into their own Port. The 24th of August, under Sarcelle, he encountered five Vessels of Alger; and the order which he gave for their destruction was so admirable, that in three hours he became Master of three; with the other two he continued fight, when the Powder-room taking fire, the Report was heard ashore; and of this accident the Pirates made use, to fire the Saint Loüisa.  
By this time the Hollanders had recruited, and were got to the mouth of the Thames, where they waited the motion of the English Navy.  
On the 17th of September arrived the last hour of Philip the 4th of Spain, whose decease was followed not long after by that of the Duke of Vandosme the 22 of October. Their Majesties and all the Court did attest their Sorrows to the Duchess his Widow, and to the Duke of Mercoeur. To that end, the King sent the Duke de Saint Agnan, apparelled in a Mourning-Robe born up by two Gentlemen, the Corner'd Cap, and the Choler of the Order: the Ceremony was conducted by the King at Arms, and a Herald; who having presented him with the Holy-Water, he cast it three times on the Sepulchre of the deceased Prince, while his Majesty's Music sing the De Profundis. The Comte de Sery performed the same Office on the part of Monseigneur the Dauphin; and the Comte du Plessis-Praslin, and the Marquis de Pluvaut, for the Dukes of Orleans and Valois: which ended the Ceremony.  
The first of December, the Mareschals du Plessis, d'Aumont, and de la Ferté-Seneterre, and the Marquis de Montausier, were received into the quality of Dukes and Pairs of France.   

Anno 1666.  
The decease of the Queen-Mother, which arrived the 20th of January, was most sensibly resented by their Majesties and the whole Court. Not long after ensued a Rupture between France and England, in pursuance of the League Defensive made by the Crown of France with the Hollanders, in the year 1662. And now his Majesty by his Declaration, published his Intentions to relieve 'em, and join his Forces with theirs against the English, as well by Sea as Land.  
The Queen of Portugal, who had hitherto with so much glory and generosity supported that Crown, deceased the 27th of February; at whose death the Court of Spain took no small advantage, by their many Intrigues and Cabals which they raised afresh in that Kingdom.  
The Bishop of Munster, who had so far terrified the Hollanders, as to occasion them to invoke the aid of France for their defence, about this time happily concluded a Peace: this occasioned the return of our Troops. Those of Holland have now, therefore, no more to do, than to prosecute their Marine affairs, and mind their Wars with England.  
The 29th of May, the Duke of Beaufort parted from Toulon with his majesty's Fleet, on design directly to meet a Squadron of the English, and fight 'em in assistance of the Hollanders; and this they happily performed, at the same time when our Troops by Land defended them from the Insults of the Bishop of Munster.  
Notwithstanding all the endeavours and Menaces of the Porte, the Venetians, and the Marquis Ville, appeared this year the aggressors of a War, by Sea and by Land, in Dalmatia, and in the Isle of Candy, having besieged New-Candy, and almost blocked up Canea.  
The Families of Vandosme and d'Estrée received extraordinary joy at the Birth of a Prince of Savoy; they having been at no small labour, and great expenses, to prefer the Princesses of Nemours, and particularly the Queen of Portugal, the ornament and support of that Crown. The assistance of France, and conduct of the Bishop of Laon in this affair, hath defeated the Spanish designs in his intended Conquest of those Dominions, which have now by this important Alliance taken fast root, and re-established that ancient Kingdom.  
The Fleets of England and Holland being joined the 11th of June, there followed a terrible Battle, and so resolute, that it continued till the 14th; at which time the English Ships retiring into the Thames, and soon recruiting with fresh men, they put out to Sea again, and another great fight began the fourth of August, which concluded to the equal prejudice of both parties. Several of the English pursuing their Enemies into the Vlie, fired there a great number of Merchants-ships. They had yet another Battle near Calais, where the English having the Wind, and the Tempest being great, they run their Enemies on the adverse Shore.  
In the mean time, the Duke of Beaufort having taken in the Squadron which had conducted the Queen to Portugal, sailed with intentions to join the Hollanders at Calais; but understanding they were retired, for fear to be alone exposed to the Enemy, he gained Breast in sight of the English Fleet, they not able to prevent it; though in this passage some of his ships being separated from the rest by a violent Tempest, the Triumph, the Mazarin, and the Ruby fell among the English, where valiantly fight, they were much torn and shattered, and forced to retire into Haure, except the Ruby, who was so far engaged, that her Captain la Roche grappled with the Admiral of England, intending to perish together, & in fine obtained quarter.  
After the Alliance concluded, the 25th of October, between the Hollanders and the King of Denmark, the Elector of Brandenburg, and the Princes of Brunswick, certain Propositions of Accommodation were set afoot; His Majesty of Great Britain protesting not to have made any act of Hostility against that Republic, complained that they had taken 200 Vessels before ever the War broke out. And in order to assure Navigation, to re-establish Commerce, and procure a Peace, the States made known to his Majesty, that it was necessary to appoint some place neutral, where to treat as well with them as their Allies.  
The affair of Breme, which had so cruelly alarmed the Hanse and Imperial Towns, was in fine determined the 25 of Nou. the Swedes contenting themselves with the submission of the Inhabitants.  
The Duke of Valois was Baptised at the Palais Royal the sixth of December, and held over the Font for the King of England, by the Duke of Enguien, who named him Philip-Charles; and by Mademoiselle for the Queen. He deceased the eighth ensuing.   

Anno 1667.  
The Queen's happy delivery of a Princess, on the second of January, was a joyful Newyears-gift to all France; and welcomed with the Ballet of the Muses, adorned with many Entries, and Dialogues. This served for a pleasing Divertisement all the Carnival; appearing always different, by reason of continual new Embellishments and Scenes.  
The Grand Seigneur having now resolved and disposed all things necessary for the important Siege of Candy, sends the Grand Vizier to make the necessary preparations for the siege, and to assemble in the Isle 40000 men, and 15000 Pioners; he held it in a manner invested round with Batteries and Attaques, in which he wrought from December, to the 27th of June, at which time it was besieged with great vigour and resolution, and extraordinarily well defended by the Marquis Ville, and those Troops and Succours which the Venetians had sent him.  
On the seventh of February, the Pope made a promotion of four Cardinals, the Duke of Vandôme, the Archbishop of Saltsburg, the Duke of Monstrate, and the Sieur Delphino; and names Roberti Spinola, Visconti, and Caraccioli, who were reserved in petto, since last year.  
The several Musters of the King's Troops, and in particular, that of Oüilles, the Feasts and Triumphs at Versailles, and those noble Divertisements of running in 
* Courses de Quadrilles.  Squadrons, and such other delights, surprised the Spaniards, and their Ambassador, who became persuaded we passed a whole Campagne thus.  
And now the War between England, France, and Holland, growing towards an end, Breda is chosen for the place of Treaty; at which place the several Deputies meeting, conclude a Peace the 31 of July.  
On the 20th of April, the King went personally to the Palace, to cause there to be verified his new Ordinance, by which he reforms and regulates Judicial proceed.  
On the tenth of May deceased the Queen of Poland; and on the 22, Pope Alexander the 7th, to whom succeeded Clement the 9th; both which have sustained the Grandeur and Glory of the Church with much Majesty.  
The Marriage of the Duke of Guise with Mademoiselle d'Alençon, was celebrated the 15th of May. The next day, the Court departed to put the Queen in possession of her Rights late fallen to her in the Low-Countries: the reasons of which are public, & in Print. The march of our Armies gave the Alarm to Flanders and Holland; and obliged the Marquis de Castel-Rodrigo to demolish several places that wanted sufficient Forces to defend 'em. We begun at Armentiers; and his Majesty having passed as far as Charles-Roy, caused the Fortifications to be repaired.  
After this, he forces Tournay to surrender the 24th of June, and Doüay the sixth of July. On Dunkirk-side, the Marshal D'Aumont with another Army takes Bergue and Furne, and invests L'isle, where the Siege was carried on with much vigour, his Majesty being always in action, and going the Rounds continually. This Town was taken after a Siege of seventeen days, and nine from the first opening the Trenches. The Comte de Broüay, who demanded four days, was much surprised to find the King answer with a denial, and within three hours after force the place to surrender.  
This proposition from that Governor obliged our Monarch to lie that night at Arlebec. He ordered the Comte of Lislebonne to march with the Lorain Forces, and join the Marquis de Crequy, and Bellefonds, and then to meet the Enemy; which they did so happily as to defeat the Prince de Ligne, and the Comte de Marcin; which staggered all Flanders. His Majesty was ready to assist, and remained about a quarter of a League from Gand, sleeping in his Coach that night at the head of the Bridge over the River of Bruges, to back and assist his Army in case of occasion.  
The Town and Citadel of Courtray was also taken, with Oudenarde and Alost; which being retaken by the Enemy, was soon after recovered again by the Marshal de Camp General, and demolished.  
The Empress being delivered of an Archduke, their Majesties sent the Marquis de Guitry to congratulate the Court of Vienna, who notwithstanding enjoyed not long that happiness.  
The Estates and People of Portugal about this time forced their King to renounce the Government, which they conferred on D. Pedro his Brother; also Commissaries are appointed to examine the complaints of the Queen, as to a Nullity of Marriage.  
The Divertisements of Shrovetide began with a Masquerade, called the Carnaval, consisting only of seven Entries. The first overture was performed by a Speech; but the Dialogue between Carnaval and Gallantry, with an admirable Consort of Music, gave wonderful satisfaction to the Spectators.   

Anno 1668.  
On the 21th of January, Madam was Baptised at the Tuilleries, and named by the Duchess Dowager of Orleans and the Duke of Enguien, Maria-Theresa.  
The same day was the Cardinal Duke of Vandôme conducted to have Audience from their Majesties, by the Sieur de Saintot Master of the Ceremonies, with a very great Train. The King having desired the Pope to be Godfather to Monseigneur the Dauphin, the news appeared most agreeable to his Holiness, who therefore preferred this Illustrious Cardinal to those of his own Blood, and Princes extremely dear to him; conferring on him to that purpose, with much joy, his Power and Authority, and that of the Holy Seat; which in truth he managed and sustained with great Honour; giving the King to understand that it belonged to his Holiness, represented in his person, to Name the Prince Dauphin; and to the Bishops of France to pay to the Holy Seat, and to his dignity, all due respects and submissions. In fine, the Dauphin was named Lewis, and the Ceremony performed at St. Germains the 24th of March. The Baptismal Honours were carried by the Bourbons, and the Duke of Vandôme bore up the Train of the Prince's Mantle-Royal, taking place immediately after the Princes of the Blood.  
The Dispensation which Monsieur the Legate granted for a second Marriage of the Queen of Portugal with that Prince, was an extraordinary piece of State, and good Fortune. France and that Crown have as much cause to praise the Conduct of that action, as the Council of Spain just occasion to appear troubled, who under colour of giving to that Prince a Daughter of the House of Austria, would by that means, very subtly, have made themselves Masters of that Kingdom.  
The Duke of Beaufort, and the Chevalier de Vandôme in the thirteenth year of his age, embarked themselves with intentions to make a descent into Spain; but the ensuing Peace, and a violent Tempest concurring, put a stop to the designs of our great Admiral; who notwithstanding could not but admire the assurance and courage of this young Prince.  
At the same time, the Hollanders apprehending some fears from the progress of the King's Arms into their neighbourhood, and forgetting all the benefits they have received from France, endeavour with too much heat and precipitation a League Defensive with all the Potentates of Europe.  
The King's Voyage into the Franche-Comte, and Conquest of that Province during the Carnaval, was a great action, and the most glorious Enterprise that any Prince could possibly perform in less than 15 days.  
The bare name and reputation of the Arms of this Monarch, forced Spain, formerly resolved never to acknowledge the King of Portugal, to conclude a Peace with him, and renounce the name and Arms of that Crown, the 25 of February.  
The meeting for Peace between the two Crowns of France and Spain being appointed at Aix-la-Chapelle, the Treaty was concluded and signed the second of April, though with a sensible regret from the French Army and Nation, who desired nothing more, than a continuance of War with the Spaniards. But it was at the request of Clement the 9th, that the King did yield to a suspension of Arms during the month of April and May, in which he did more consider the good of Christianity, than the Grandeur and Glory of his own person and Estates. By this Treaty his Majesty kept his Conquests of the year past, leaving to Spain that of the Franche Comte. This great Monarch, herein, sacrificing one of the bravest Conquests that ever shall be, to the repose of his Subjects; and this it was which he procured them in all his Rencounters.  
The Alliances which soon after were concluded between the Duke's Maximilian of Bavaria Brother to the Elector, and Mademoiselle de Boüillon, and John Frederic de Brunswic-Lunebourg Married to the Princess Benedicta Palatine de Bavaria, were of no small glory to France and Germany.  
The Estates of Portugal now press Dom Pedro to receive the Title of King on the Abdication of his Brother Alphonso; but not able to persuade him to that, they extend his power equal to that of Royalty, and in such condition he treats with all the Potentates of the World.  
The King seeking all occasions to oblige his Holiness and the Holy Sea, makes it his own request to demolish the Pyramid heretofore erected against the Corpse's, by the Treaty of Pisa.  
The Marquis de Crequy, de Bellesons, and d'Humieres, were created Mareschals of France. And on the 19th of July was performed an extraordinary magnificence at Versailles.  
Great Honour was acquired by the Marquis Ville in the defence of Candy, the Marquis de Saint André-Montbrun sharing with him the Glory of that Action. These two gallant men have so signalised their valour in this Renowned Expedition, that they have rendered their names Immortal.  
The Nativity of the Duke of Anjou on the 5th of August, occasioned much joy to the Court of France.  
The ill Intelligence between the Queen of Spain and Dom John, begun soon after the Peace; the occasion, that Prince's refusal to pass into Flanders, he resolving to stay at Court as an obstacle to the Fortunes of Father Nitard.  
The King judging the Letter circulary of the four Bishops, sent about to all the others to unite them in resisting the Execution of the Pope's Breve which had named several Prelates to proceed against those four, to be an irregular action; did, by his Arrest in Council, and by the interposition of the Bishop Duke of Laon, calm and assuage the greatest Storm which the Church of France had perhaps ever seen, raised through the Virtues and Merits of some rare Spirits, who with so much heat and obstinacy did oppose the Book of Jansenius; from which approaching troubles this Illustrious Prelate found the way to disengage them, with that sweetness and prudence wherewith he managed all things, imprinting in their Hearts, at the same time, profound Sentiments of respect and submission for the Holy Sea.  
By virtue of the Emperor's Mandate brought by the Marquis de Bade, the elector Palatine, on the 14th of December, caused to be published a Suspension of Arms, and Cessation of acts, of Hostility between him and the Duke of Lorain.   

Anno 1669.  
The Portugals were overjoyed at the Birth of the Infanta of Portugal, which arrived the sixth of January. This Princess was named by the Ambassador of France, after her Majesty, Elizabeth-Maria Loüisa.  
The Empress also was delivered of a Daughter the 18th following.  
About the end of this month, the Elector Palatine, and the Duke of Lorain, were obliged to disband their Forces, to which his majesty's Arms under the command of the Marshal de Crequy had compelled 'em.  
And now it was that his Holiness invited all Christian Princes to succour Candy, and to which he applied his utmost, as also to pacify the Kingdom of Poland. He sent also a Breve to Lisbon in confirmation of that Queen's Marriage to Dom Pedro  
About this time, the Council of Spain resolved, and took some pains to raise a Regiment of Guards, to be always near the person of his Catholic Majesty. This Novelty was nothing pleasing to the Nobless and people; it was also one pretence of the discontent of Dom John.  
This Shrovetide was presented the Ballet of Flora, composed of fifteen Majestic Entries. Winter made the Overture with a handsome Speech; the Sun, who expelled him, changed the face of the Theatre into a smiling Campagne. This Glorious Planet accompanied with the Elements made the first Entry. All the other parts were correspondent to this magnific Spectacle; where the beauty of the Machine's, the richness of the Habits, and the Charms of the Ladies did not a little contribute to render this Piece into the number of the most glorious.  
On the first of February, the Ministers of the Empire, Spain, England, Swede, and the States, concluded at the Hague the Treaty of triple Alliance; the Swedes being to receive of his Catholic Majesty nine hundred thousand Livres.  
In the beginning of the Spring, the Duke of Beaufort, and the Chevalier de Vandôme departed for Toulon, there to hasten the Succours designed for Candy.  
The Duke of Anjou was Baptised the fourth of March, and named Philip, by the Duke of Orleans and Madam, representing the Emperor and Queen of Spain.  
The Admiral Duke of Beaufort received from the Pope a Breve, declaring him General of the Troops Ecclesiastic, going for Candy, to command in the absence of Dom Vincenzo Rospigliosi. His Holiness having sent him the Standard of the Holy Sea.  
The King of Portugal demanding to go into the Isle of Terceres, he was convoyed thither in the beginning of May, by the Comte de Prado.  
Dom John, about this time, made no unhappy Agreement. He quitted Spain to Father Nitard, reserving to himself the Title of perpetual Governor of the Low-Countries, with the Vice-Royalty and Vicariat-General of Arragon, Valancia, and Catalonia; with power to provide to all Offices and Benefices in the said places.  
Prince Charles of Lorain, and the Duke of Newbourg, remain now the only pretenders to the Crown of Poland. Their Partisans take Arms, and urge that affair to so great an extremity, that they open the Eyes of the Polonois; and the Prince Wiesnowiski being proposed to their election, he was universally received: and thus he happily ascended the Throne of his own Nation, and of his Fathers, the 19th of June.  
Our Army having passed from Toulon to Candy in fourteen days, that place being now extremely pressed, and a fair occasion to charge the Enemy presenting itself, Monsieur de Navailles sallied with the Army. The Duke of Beaufort would assist with his own personal valour and courage in so brave an Enterprise. The Chevalier de Vandôme shown there his great Heart and resolution, and that he was an accomplished Soldier and Captain. The Admiral having landed eighteen hundred men from Shipboard, beat the Turks out of their Trenches; and no doubt we had raised the Siege, had not a panic fear frighted our men from so promising a Victory. The Chevalier called to several Officers by their Names; but ineffectually. Fortune, with much happiness, and some difficulty, brought off this young Mars from the Embarras of this sad Retreat. But the Duke of Beaufort remained in the Field of Battle, which he had won, and which indeed he could never be made to abandon, being there either slain or taken by the Ottomans.  
Those many great Services which the Cardinal Duke of Vandôme had rendered to the King and State, concluded with the pains he took to advance the Succours for Candy. His Death arrived the sixth of August; a loss for which the Courts of Rome, and France and all Provence were not easily comforted.  
The Duchess of Vondôme, who had been a perfect Example and Model of Virtue and Piety, and the Queen of England youngest Daughter of Henry the great, deceased the 8th, and the 10th of September.  
And now it was that the Prince of Tuscany finished his Voyage of Europe, in France; avowing that he had not seen a fairer Country than France, nor a more admirable Heros than her King.  
To conclude the Events of this year, King Cazimir, after he had seen another King Elected into his place, quitted Poland, and arrived in France, where he was most splendidly regaled at Chantilly by Monsieur the Prince, and Monsieur the Duke.   
FINIS.