A most Exact and True RELATION, EXTRACTED Out of the REGISTERS of the ACTS, ORDINANCES, and public INSTRUMENTS. Wheerby those Passages are laid open, which happened since the Pacification made at Roschilt, on the 26. of Febr. 1657 / 8. between the most Serene Princes, the Kings of Denmark and Norway, and the King of Sweden; AS ALSO, Since the immediately ensuing Treaties, at Coppenhaghen, and the elsewhere, between the Danish Commissioners, and the Sweedish Ambassadors. MANIFESTING To the whole World, That the Swedes infringing the said Peace and Treaties, without any preceading denunciation of War, and without any Cause, or Reason given them, did on the 9th of August of the same Year, lay Siege unto the the Kingly Residency of Coppenhaghen, and to the Castle of Cronenberg, both by Sea and Land. Translated out of the Danish, and High Dutch Copies, Printed at Coppenhaghen. TOGETHER WITH A LETTER written from HAMBOROUGH, By an Impartial Hand. Demonstrating The several Mistakes, and Sinister Allegations, in the Swedish Relation; merely contrived to palliate the King of Swedens unjust Attempts, and unanswerable proceedings against his neighbour POTENTATES.  
LONDON, Printed by J. C. for John Crooke, at the sign of the Ship, in St. Pauls Church-yard. 1659.   

advertisement to the Reader.  
COurteous Reader, we give you a true Relation of what hath passed between the two Northern Kings, since the Treaty of Pacification at Rotshild, in February last, 1657 / 8 as it was Printed in the Danish, and High Dutch Languages, by the Order of the King, and the approbation of the Senatators of the kingdom of Denmark, who acknowledge it, to be theirs. This will doubtless meet with a better admittance, and credit then one which hath been formerly published, on the behalf of the Swedes, we know not by whom, only in the English tongue, & questtionless by a mercenary Pen, which sticketh not to writ any thing, right, or wrong, truth, or untruth, so it may but serve turn, to inveigle this Nation: which he thinks to delude by his smooth expressions: the rather because they live remote from the place where these transactions have passed, and howbeit, we might persawde ourselves, that this Relation will be sufficient, to discover the truth to those that red it, without partiality on either side. Yet for the Readers better satisfaction, we have prefixed a Letter written by an impartial hand from Hamborow, which will afford much light to those, who shall give themselves the trouble to red the Swedish Paper, and to compare the one Relation, with the other: Mean while we shall commend you to the Protection of the Almighty, not doubting, but you will wish a good success to that party, which you will find to have justice on its side.   

A LETTER written from HAMBOROUGH, BY AN IMPARTIAL HAND, To a Friend at LONDON. Whereby the several Mistakes, and Sinister Allegations, in the Swedish Relation, Printed at London, are laid open, and published for the Satisfaction of such as desire to be rightly informed.  
SIR,  
I Received your Letter of the third of Decembr. and withall the Book entitled, A true Relation of the Reasons which necessitated His majesty of Sweden to continue the War with Denmark: And whereas we that live in this city, nearer to the Place which is the Bloody Theatre of Mars, then you do, could never till this very day hear of any such thing, as a Reason, whereby his said Majesty was moved to undertake this Second Expedition, against that already sufficiently afflicted Kingdom of Denmark; I supposed, that perhaps Kings, like unto great Figures in Tapestry, were best observed at a Distance; and their Actions best considered by those that are remote; who for the most part judge of them more sincerely, and freely, as being less swayed by Partiality. For I could not imagine, that it was a Work published by the Swedish Party, who assuredly would have divulged it, either in their own Language or in Latin, before it should have appeared in English. But to be free with you, my opinion was, that His majesty would not at all have published his reasons in Print, contenting himself with the Declaration thereon made, by the Earl of Slippenbagh his Commissioner, to the Danish Ambassadors before Coppenhaguen, to wit, that his Majesties intention was to Master the cities, and strong places, as well as be had the Country; which is as much as to say, I have a mind to be the sole sovereign of the 3 northern kingdoms. Or if his majesty would so ingeniously have declared his mind to all the world. I thought it might have been done in a less volume; for most men knew it already, and as to those that were ignorant thereof, they needed but to call to mind what expeditions the King of Sweden hath undertaken since he came to the Crown; and so little rhetoric would have served turn, to persuade them thereunto. These and such like reasons, unnecessary to be alleged, made me suppose an indifferent honest man might have been the Author of the book; who would have performed what the Title bespeaketh, To be true in his relation, and to show what reasons necessitated the King of Sweden, to continue the war: as well as the truth, that the war was continued, and might with as much truth have affirmed, that the peace concluded at Roschilt was nothing less then a peace, or rather nothing else save a stratagem of war, whereby the Swedes have gotten into their power the Provinces of Shonen, Bleking, Halland, and a great part of Norway, together with all the strong places of the same without the loss of one single man, which all the power of Sweden, would have found very difficult to have compassed, by force of arms, in many years.  
And perceiving by the Title, that the King of Sweden was necessitated to continue the war against Denmark. I was the more earnest to peruse the book, hoping in the first place, to have found the reason of this necessitated second invasion, to have been the Austrian, Polonian, and Brandenburgesh forces uniting themselves into a body of an army, so considerable, as that his majesty had reason to conceive himself too weak to fight them with advantage, or without endangering his own forces, which, rebus sic stantibus, might yet be sufficient to oppress the King of Denmark, unarmed, and unawares: whose kingdoms consisting in Islands, might the better shelter him, and his army, by reason the aforesaid forces, could not probably well attempt them there; nor could the World term it a retreat, whilst thereby his majesty might have gained the whole kingdom of Denmark. And by taking but 40, or 50 Pr. Ct. toll in the sound, of those that traffic in the baltic Sea, as his Predecessor King Gustavus Adolphus had formerly done at the Pillow, in the Years two and three and thirty: might haue raised such a vast sum of money, as would have enabled him to overrune the rest of his Neighbours, in whose Countreys, his all destroying Army, had not as yet exercised their unheard of Cruelties.  
But I no sooner turned the leaf, and cast my eye upon the work( whose inscription had been so pleasing to me) when I found myself very much deceived in my expectations, meeting with nothing less then what the title promised; Never having beholded a public Inteligencer, more abounding in lies, nonsense, contradictions, or libels, such as in your parts you now term, astrological Predictions; belching out Slanders, and invectives, against a King and kingdom; then this pretended true relation doth.  
wherefore, give me leave, Sir to exammine some partes thereof, And in the first place o observe, with how little truth, and reason the Author accuses the King, and kingdom of Denmark, for having injuriously provoked the King of Sweden; and whether or no the Danes did perfidiously make an irruption into the Swedish territories, without any cause given.  
Which that it may the more evidently appear to be false, to yourself, and to such as you shall find not sufficiently informed, of the trurh of these proceedings, I shall in a percursory way, hint unto you the several breaches of the articles of former Treaties, by the Swedes, on which no satisfaction being obtained, though never so often pressed, and earnestly demanded; might justly move his majesty of Denmark, to seek that reparation, by force of arms, which was denied him, and his Ministers, by way of amicable treaties, and will consequently prove, that his majesty of Denmarks taking up of arms against the Swedes, was on a just necessity, and there fore no injurious provocation; persidious Irruption, nor groundless attempt.  
These following articles, of the treaties of Bremsbroe, Munster, and Stetin, were infringed by the Swedes, If you observe.  
1. That by virtue of the 8 article of the treaty of peace concluded between the two Crowns of Denmark, and Sweden, at Bremsbroe, the Arch-Bishop of Bremen( now King of Denmark) being comprehended therein, was to treat with Sweden, about the restitution of the Arch-Bishopprick of Bremen, which was promised him, but when his Ambassadors arrived at Stockholm, they were not only derided and sent away, re infecta, but moreover his Highness the Arch-Bishops place of Residence, the Castle of Bremerverde, was by the Swedish forces, under the command of general Koningsmark, besieged, and taken, together with all what was therein.  
2. That it was agreed on, in the 25 article of the said treaty, that all the Lands in Norway taken by the Swedish forces, should be restored to the Crown of Denmark, except Jempterland, and Herendale, notwithstanding the Swedes till this day, could never resolve to accomplish this article, by the restoring of the two Parishes Irn, and Zern, belonging to Aggershuse.  
3. That his Majesties tolls in the Sound, have been defrauded of vast, and eminent sums of money, by the Swedish Ministers, residing there, who granted their Certificates and passes to every one, of what nation soever, that demanded them, so they would but part with some gratuity to the said Ministers, and their Servants, as it hath been proved to them; and can bee Evidenced to all the world.  
4. That Corfitz, Ulefelt, formerly Rixhof-Master, or Lord High Steward, and since a Rebel to his King, and Country, was not only, kindly received, and honourably entertained in the Swedish Court but that moreover, the Queen Christina of Sweden, would take upon herself to be a Judge, and oblige his majesty of Denmark, in the person of his Ambassador, to pled his cause, in her presence against his own undutyfull Subjects; Contrary to the Treaty of Stetin, concluded in the Year 1570, as also against that of Bremsbroe, in the year 1645 by the 22. articles.  
5. That the Swedes have solicited the hance Towns, to concur with them, in the ruining and destroying of the Commerce of the kingdom of denmark.  
6. That they intermeddled in the differences arisen between the King of Denmark, and his Kinsman the Duke of Gottorp, as if they could not have been commposed in an amicable manner, or by the ordinary way of Law, without their promising him their forces; whereby they made him neglect his Majesties fellowship, and such peaceable thoughts, as might have conduced to the mutual good of both parties.  
7. That they began to dispute the King of Denmark, his undoubted Rights, and Title, unto the dukedom of Ditmars, and the County of Delmhorst.  
8. That they Marched with their forces through the dukedoms of Holstein, County of Pinnenbergh, and the province of Jutland, to the great prejudice and detriment of the Inbabitants, without his Majesties permision, and contrary to the treaty of peace at Munster.  
9. That the Inhabitants of the province of Halland, were by them deprived of their privileges, contrary to the 27 Article of the Treaty of Bremsebroe.  
10. That the Lands in the Islands Rugen, called Ralsweigh, and those whom his majesty had invested therewith, whose Protector he is being engaged to maintan them, in their freedoms and privileges, were nevertheless burdened by the Swedes, with taxes and extortions; Contrary to the usual customs, and to their former Liberties.  
11. That they observed not the 24 article of the afore mentioned treaty of Bremsbroe, concerning Dantzick, and the liberty of trade between his Majesties Subjects, and that city, and that they took some, and Molested others of the Danish Ships, going to, or coming from Danzick, before ever they had any Ships, much less a Fleet before that city.  
Besides many other grievances, whereon his majesty nevertheless endeavoured to obtain satisfaction by fair means, but the Swedish Resident Durel, who was then at Coppenhaghen, for the composing, as it should seem, of those differences, in lieu of giving satisfaction to the King, returned nothing, save threatening Language, broke of his negotiation, and went his ways.  
judge you therefore, whether any one can be so greata Stranger to these truths, as not to discern, that the penner of the Swedish pretended true Relation, is an horrid vile Imposture. And whether his majesty of Denmark could promise himself any other satisfaction, save such a one as his Father Christian the 4th of everlasting memory, received from them in the Year 43? and whether his majesty had no just cause given him, to betake himself to his arms, not only thereby to obtain satisfaction for the wrongs he had already sustained, but also to defend himself, and his Kingdoms, against those who threa●ned to deal far worse by him. And yet for all this his majesty did not perfidiously make use of his Forces, as your writer is pleased to affirm, but declared, and proclaimed an open war against the King, and Kingdom of Sweden, on their fronteirs, according to the known maxims of War: Nor did his majesty of Denmark, under a colour of fellowship, and on a pretence of embarking his army for Porrussia, or some other place, invade the Territotories of an ally, with whom he was but newly entred into a Leauge of fellowship; Neither did he unawares fall upon a Prince, unto whom Neutrality was first granted, and afterwards sold: Far less did he ever attempt, and invade another kingdom, which begged for peace, having no other cause so to do, save onely that it was already oppressed by several barbarous Nations, taking it for granted, to be a sufficient reason and opportunity to overrunn, and conquer the same. Though others have done it, who therefore better deserve such Titles, as your writer bestoweth upon the King of Denmark, and the Danish Nation, without so much as scrupuling the Unlawfulness of uttering them, against crwoned Heads.  
Thus much as to the Title, and injurious Terms of the Book; and for the matters it containeth, though some of them are true, yet you will find they are alleged to little or no purpose, or in a wrong sense, as I have already shewed you he did in the very Title: but for the most part, you will find them to be merely false, as you may easily discover, by reading the Danish Relation, and observing the manifold Contradictions of his own. Some points whereof I intend only to touch upon; for should I go about to canvas them all, I should exceed the form of a Letter.  
In the first place therefore, the Swedish Relator saith, That the whole Kingdom of Denmark, the King, Queen, the rest of the Royal Court, the Senators, and the Nobility, were in a short time reduced under his( the King of Swedens) power and mercy; at such a time when as he had but one strong place in the whole Kingdom, to wit, Fredericks odd; in lieu whereof the King of Denmark his Forces in Norway had taken several strong Holds of his, on the borders of Sweden, 'Tis true, he had overrun the Danish Islands; but theforere all was not lost: and might not the King of Sweden have been driven out of them, as well as he was out of Poland? where he had also a footing in the Country; besides many considerable places, as Cracow, Warshow, Lublin, and others; in which Kingdom he hath not at present, so much as one foot of ground? no more had he, at that time we speak of, in the two strongest Provinces of Denmark, Shonen and Blecking: Neither was the King of Denmark with his Queen, &c. at that time as yet in his power, or at his mercy. Howbeit he as then perhaps, made his reckoning without his Host, as well as he did this last time, when as he promised his people about him, that at Coppenhaghen they should find, both Doars and Windows open to receive them; but when this proved otherwise, then Coppenhagben was to be taken by force of Arms, and the King of Denmark, with his whole Royal progeny, were to be sent Priseners to Stockholm, with the same Ceremonies, as have since been used in the sending of the Duke of Curland, with his Lady, and Children, to Riga: But when this would not do neither, then Coppenhaghen was te be reduced to ashes: But God be thanked, it hath not been in the Swedish power to effect this neither; whereby you may see how doubtful it was, whether the King, Queen, and the Danish Court, were at that time your Writer allegeth, in the King of Swedens power, and at his mercy; which if it had been so, doubtless he would not have spared them. Thus much I can tell you, that at that very time there were in Coppenhagen, besides the Citizens, 5000 horse and foot, and between 2 or 3000 Seamen.  
But you may object, they were possessed with terror; 'tis very likely they were so; and do you not think they were so likewise this last time? when as they found the Swedish Army before the Gates of the City, and moreover, a Royal Swedish Fleet before their harbour, most unexpectedly, at such a time, when as they never dreamed of an Enemy, until they saw him at their very Walls? after their Army was partly disbanded, and partly delivered to the Swedes, as well as all the strong places in Shonen and Bleiking, according to agreement; from whence in former times they might have received aid and assistance, yet when they perceived that none of his Majesties proffers to the King of Sweden were accepted, and that his Resolution was, To have the strong places in his possession, as well as he had the Country, they resolved rather to die with their Swords in their hands, than by their good wills to see the burning down of their Houses, the violating of their Wives, and murdering of their Children: as it hath been practised by the same Enemy upon their Princes Subjects, in Holstein and elsewhere.  
But put the case that those of Coppenhagen, who during this last Siege, have given sufficient proof of their valour, were such pitiful Creatures, as this Writer, with little reason endeavours to persuade the World,( and the contrary whereof he would have found had he been on the place;) why then dares he be so impudent, as to allege afterwards, that 8 or 900 of them,( according to his description, pitifully clothed, ill mounted, and men wholly unexperienced in Warlike affairs,) could resolve to go with an intention to take the King of Swedens person out of that Army, wherewithal he presumed to master the whole City, in such a season of the year, when as, in all probability, his Souldiers could not be very fit for Action, by reason of the excessive could, unless God,( who according to the Swedish tenants, miraculously made them a Bridge of Ice over the Sea) should by another miracle have caused the Sun to skip over five Signs of the zodiac, viz. from Aquarius to lo, as nimblyas the Swedish army marched from one iceland into the other.  
Moreover, your Author doth endeavour to make the World believe, The King of Denmark hath no more Conscience to keep his Royal word, and to observe his solemn treaties, than we see others have; though by his leave, me thinks he ought to harbour a good opinion of all Men, but especially of a Prince, till such t●me as he be able to prove something to the contrary; yet since it is his pleasure, to rail at Kings as if they were Scullions, let us I pray, consider how his injurious terms do suit with the structure of his work, For amongst many others of his Invectives he saith, The Danes harboured malicious Designs, artificial Treacheries, delays, and Delusions, and such like terms, which he useth, to make them pass for a kind of subtle People; and yet in another place, he would needs persuade the World, They have held correspondencyes with the Austrians, Poles, Brandenbourghers, and other Enemies of the King of Sweden, at such a time, when the whole Swedish Army did lie in heir Coun●●y, and that with so little secrecy, as to give your Author reason to boast, he knows all the particulars thereof: moreover would not you or any man else think the Danes to be a very cunning People? should they harbour any such thoughts as your Author accuses them of? and yet restore ships, deliver men, surrender all their strong places, one after the other, and pay sums of money to the Swedes, according to the tenor of the Treaty, and nevertheless be minded to break the same Treaty, which must needs have proved to their great disadvantage. Certainly there can be no greater madness imagined, than to think that any one would give up his Arms to an Enemy, with an intent to fight with him afterwards.  
Yet to beget some credit to this his as false, as frivolous an accusation, he forestalls a marching away of part of the Sweedish Army, that thereby his pretences might seem to have some appearance of likelihood: and howbeit they were obliged by virtue of the Treaty, to have departed with their whole Army, by the first day of May, at the furthest; yet no such thing was performed, by what came to our knowledge, but to the contrary, more men were brought out of the duchy of Bremen, and the other Swedish Provinces, not only to burden those parts of the Kingdom of Denmark, and of the duchy of Holstein, where they had formerly been, but even those other parts of the said Kingdom, which during the war, had freed themselves from their oppressions by force of arms, and were exempted from their encroachments by the Treaty of peeace. unless he accounts the Swedes quitting of the Kingdom of Denmark; that interval of time, during which they shipped their men at Kiel, and landed them at Korser, in Zealand again, to invade that iceland anew. Do not you therefore believe, it is very probable the King of Denmark, hath hold secret correspondency with the Enemies of Sweden? I mean such a correspondence, as the King of Sweden might in reason take exceptions at? for I can not imagine he pretends to debar the King of Denmark from entertaining any civill correspondency with foreign Princes, but that presently it must be deemed a sufficient cause for a breach with the Swedes; which if so, the Pacification of Koshild would rather savour of a tie of Servitude, than of an alliance of Friendship.  
Concerning the Duke of Gottorp's business, it seems the Swedes, or at least the Writer, pretends, because he the said Duke was included in the Treaty of Rotshild to receive a reasonable satisfaction, that therefore the King, and Kingdom of Denmark, were to grant unto him, whatsoever they, viz. the Swedes, should think fit to demand, were it to the parting with the whole duchy of Holstein; and that howbeit the said Duke is now fully satisfied, the Swedes are not so, since they again ripp up this business; to what end I know not, unless it vex them, that the King of Denmark hath as yet some strong places left in Holstein, since their design to surprise them took no effect.  
As to the particular of the Salt, mentioned in the Book, the Swedes by Agreement were to receive for it 23000 Rixdollers, of which sum 6000 Rixdollers were by order, and in the name of his Majesty payed, to the Swedish Ambassador Coyet, by Mr. Celio Marcellis, the remaining 17000 Rixdollers, the said Ambassador Coyet drew in several Bills of Exchange, upon Paul Klingenberg, counselor of his Majesty Admiralty Court, residing in this City, to be paid to Mr. Libert Wouters: who presented them to be accepted, when the News was already arrived here, that the King of Sweden had disemharked his Army in Zealand, and was marched in an hostile manner towards Coppenhaghen, wherefore the above mentioned Klingenberg had reason to refuse the acceptation and payment of the same, and yet your Writer will needs make you believe, the Danes cannot name any sum for satisfaction of the said salt, which you see I am able to do, which am no Dane, who moreover can assure you, that the whole would have been punctualbeen paid, if the King of Sweden had not had a greater mind to surprise a Kingdom, than to receive 17000 Rixdollers.  
To demonstrate unto you with how little appearance of reason they have pretended, and also obtained the Isle of Ween, would require a long relation; and I conceive his own far-fetched reasons, and the Authors he alleges for his Witnesses, to wit, Pontanus and Whitfield, will, if rightly considered, condemn him, so will also the two public Ministers of France, and England, who were present when this matter was debated; and have seen the evidences produced by the Danish Commissioners: and the weighty reasons which they alleged, to show how frivolous the pretences of the Swedes were: yet your Writer will prove, ex jure Gentium, that no iceland can lye near to one country, and yet belong to another, which lieth at a greater distance from it; should this Argument be maintainable, then not England, but France would have a property in the Islands of Garnesay and Jarnesay. To what end he alleges Jus, Civile Romanorum, I know not, but do very well know, tha● the Roman Law is of no authority, or force in the Kingdom of Denmark, much less over it; and yet I question, whether by that very Law he can make the cause of the Swedes good; for this iceland was not as now first discovered, neither will they be able to prove, I believe, when it first did appear; and whether it was then nearer to Shonen, or to Zealand.  
After which the King of Denmark is blamed to have held correspondency with the Hollanders; he meaneth the Lord Spa●es General, and with their Ambassador the Lord Van Buninguen; how could the King of Denmark pray you imagine, that this would disgust the Swedes? since he was not bound to take notice of any difference between them, and that State, as long as the King of Sweden did not declare them to be his Enemies, but rather himself kept a fair correspondency with them.  
To this the Swedes may happily object, that their intentions were only to have amused the Hollanders for a while, till they met with a fit opportunity to put their politic designs in practise against them, as they had done against Poland,, have since done against Denma●k, and lately also against Curland. And although I must confess their said design hath since in part been manifested, yet the King of Denmark could as then, no more foresee the same, than his own, and his Kingdoms approaching danger, which was both of greater concernment to him, and likewise nearer at hand, ro be attempted.  
But put the case the Danes had as good a faculty as the Swedes do attribute unto themselves, to discern the very intimatest and most hidden intention of their Neighbours, and thereby could have discovered, that the Swedes were at so great a distance with the United Provinces, as your Writer seems to infer; yet cannot I find, that the correspondency between his majesty of Denmark and them, or the Letters of the Ambassador Van Buninguen( which have been annexed to the said Book) import any thing that might cause a mis-understanding, much less an open breach between the two Crowns; and to my thinking the same Letters might have been published by the Danes or Hollanders, in their own vindication, had your Writer not saved them the labour, as well as the Danes have published the Letter of his majesty of Denmark, written to his public Minister in England, but intercepted by the Swedes, and whereof they made their chief mo●●●e to prosecute the war, although they were landed in an hostile manner in the iceland of Zealand, before the said Letter came into their hands.  
Thus by what I have said, and by what you will find in the Relation itself, you will see that his majesty of Sweden hath had satisfaction in every Article of the treaty of Rotshild; save of such which it seems were of so little consequence, as his majesty valued them not considerable enough to defer his intended invasion, only for a few daies, to receive the accomplishing thereof; although on his own part he had scarce performed one of all the said Articles: For you know, that on the behalf of the Danes, the two whole Provinces Shonen and Bleiking, with so many strong holds, as also the city of Druntheim, with the adjacent Lands, and the almost invincible Fortress of Babus, in Norway, have been delivered up into the King of Swedens hands, and the Castle of Bremerfeurde, and the Forts taken hy the Norweigian army, have been restored unto him; the Salt and Guinea business as were agreed on, and the Duke of Gottorp had received full satisfaction; therefore I cannot imagine what your Writer can allege to be the cause of this second new invasion, or for his mis-spending so much time, and Paper, in the rehearsal of such things as were agreed on both sides, and entirely accomplished on the behalf of the Danes, save that he supposeth this for a sufficient cause of a breach, that perhaps the Danes partend not with it so willingly and hearty, as the Swedes accepted of it. So that it seems the intention of your Writer was not to give us the reasons which obliged the King of Sweden to continue the War, as in the Title he promiseth; but to excuse, if possible, why he did not go with his victori●● army into germany, against the Austrian family, whilst t●e Ele●●ors were at odds a●ou● the Election, and before the Emperor was ch●sen; which questionless he had promised to the most Christian King, and his late Highness the Lord Protector of England; upon which account doubuless it was that he received aids both of Men and moneys, from the one and the other; Both which Potentates it is believed, will not any longer be induced to contribute those assistances, which they intended should be employed against their Enemies, towards the unjust oppression of their Friends and allies, and chiefly against the King of Denmark, in whose behalf they appeared as Mediators, and engaged themselves, as securities, for the performance of that peace, which was so solemnly, on their engagements, concluded on, and was afterwards by the Swedes so shamefully infringed.  
Notwithstanding the Author allegeth, that the war might have been a● an end, if the Danes had been pleased, and that his majesty of Swedens intention was, to knit together the interest and security of both Crowns in one; which cannot possibly be made good, unless it be understood in this sense, that the King of Sweden had an intent to unite the Kingdoms o● Denmark and Norway to his own, and by making himself Master thereof, to have secured the interest of both Crowns, into hi● own Family; which granted, it must needs be confessed, that the Danes were in the fault the war was not ended, since it seems it was not all one to them, whether they were Slaves to a King called Carolus, who could 〈◇〉 right to the Crown of Denmark: or whether they were lawfull● 〈◇〉 by their crwoned King Frederick, and afterwards by his Son, and 〈◇〉 ●●●istian, their Elected Prince.  
Having 〈◇〉 thus far, with an intention to have marked some 〈…〉 ●●●ess and falshoods contained in the Paper, whereon 〈…〉 you, I was diverted by a visit of Mr. N. an English Gent●●●●●, ●●●wly arrived from England, where I had the happiness to b●●●●●●nted with him, during my abode there, whose presence 〈…〉 acceptable unto me, as well by reason of the Friendship 〈…〉 contracted with him, as that I so opportunely met with an 〈…〉 by him to hear some News from your parts.  
Bu● scarce had he satisfied my curiosity, when as perceiving a 〈◇〉 my ear, he would have taken his leave, apprehending least 〈◇〉 might divert me from my accustomend employments, which 〈◇〉 to assure him, that I was not any otherwise engaged, save 〈◇〉 the acquitting of myself of that duty, whereunto all persons of Honor were bound, To defend the truth, and to disabuse their friends, and briefly that I was a writing a Letter unto yourself, to let you see, that a Pamphlet lately printed at London, entitled, A True Relation, &c. whereby the Author pretended to justify the Swedish unwarrantable proceedings, contained nothing less than the truth: Alack! said my Friend, what an unnecessary a task have you taken upon yourself? for it is impossible, but that the party to whom you do writ, living at London, must needs know, that the Relation you mention is no more regarded or accounted of there, than those Astrological Predictions, which are printed in the same place, especially since the world hath taken notice, that the Swedes, in imitation of Saul, have addressed themselves to soothsayers and wizards. The chief whereof they have gained by a chain of Gold, which hath so inveigled the rest of that Tribe, as that promising themselves the like recompensations, they have proceeded to vomit out Slanders and Invectives against those Princes and States, which are allied unto his Highness the Lord Protector, in as horrid a manner as the former; and the reason why all of them have not followed his footsteps, doubtless is, that in the first place they should see, how his aspersions would relish, and be digested, and whether his Highness the Lord Protector being duly informed thereof, would not cause him to contemplate the Celestial constellations, through a Hempen casement: since none of those Princes, which he so horridly calumniates, to wit, His Majesty the King of Denmark, His Electoral Highness the Duke of Brandenbourgh, and the Lord States of the United Provinces, would refuse that satisfaction unto his Highness, should any of their Subjects have so far forgotten themselves, as to have vented such abominations against any of his Ministers, much less against his Highness own person.  
And expecting my Friend would have added something, concerning the Penners of your Mercurius, and public Intelligencers, which he did not; I at length asked him what opinion was harboured in those parts concerning them? telling him that as often as they were communicated unto us, we met with a great deal of pastime therein, specyfying unto him, amongst other things, a pretty passage, which myself had met with, in one of them, concerning the behaviours, which your Intellegencer Fathers upon two of the King of Denmarks Senators, the Lord Magnus Hogh, and Christian Skeel, who being sent to the King of Sweden, when he appeared with his Army before Coppenhaggen, to know the reason of this so sudden and unexpected invasion, should, as your Intelligencer pretends, have been so thoroughly convinced by the King of Swedens allegations, of the unjustness of their Kings cause, as that they resolved not any longer to serve their said Master in those his unlawful undertakings. Whereby your said Intelligencer, would needs make us believe that the King of Sweden was better acquainted with the proceedings in the Court of Denmark, than the Senators and Counsellors of the said Kingdom themselves, amongst which, those two honourable Persons take place, and whom he endeavoured to expose to the derision of the whole English Nation, by forestalling that they should have wept like Children on the aforesaid occasion.  
Whereunto my Friend replied; that he had observed, it was a piece of policy practised by the Swedes, to gain all the news Mongers, throughout the whole World, by what means, he knew not; and that if I did but reflect on what is printed in germany in France, and in Holland, I should find they did generally all of them favour the Swedish party, as well as at London; so that the one could not well be blamed, without the accusing of all the rest: I, but said I, the English is more passionately inclined to them, then all the others; That's not for want of will in the others, said he, but they have not the same advantage, being not at so great a distance from those places whence they publish the said News. Besides, that we being penitus toto divisi orb Britanni, do satisfy ourselves with an indifferent and superficial knowledge of foreign affairs, without questioning the particulars of them so much as other Nations do, whose Writers would not attain to their ends; which is to preserve their credit, to be serviceable to the Swedish interests, and to comply with their own, in the vending of their Pamphlets. However there be those amongst us, who very well know, that all is not Gospel that is pinned upon us; and I can also assure you, That several considerable Personages, reflecting on that very passage, which you have even now related,  told me, both his Highness and the Counsel would er'e-long have such like abuse, prevented. Why then said I, pray tell me, what is the matters since as you say, you credit not the News-books, nor the Astrological Predictions, neither that very Pamphlet, that you harbour so good an opinion of the Swedes? who have no sollider grounds to justify, their proceedings by. Who  told you said he, that we have so good an opinion of them? all the World, said I, and especially the Swedes themselves, who very confidently affirm, that England will assist them, in and against all parties whatsoever; soft and fair said he, it is doubtful, whether England will so far engage with the King of Sweden, as it seems you apprehended. But this I dare say, that England will do much for the Protestant cause, whereof the King of Sweden is the Promoter: At which Allegation of the King of Swedens being the Promoter of the Protestant Cause, I could no longer contain, but freely asked my Friend, Whether he thought the Protestant Religion ever had had a greater Enemy than the King of Sweden? since the Rebels in Ireland, nor the Papishes in the valleys of Piedmond had not spilled so much innocent Protestant blood in all their Massacres, as the said King had done; who disenabled and weakened all Protestant Princes, in such an unheard of manner, as that those of the Church of Rome may totally extirpate them whensoever they please, which doubtless they will not omit to do, as soon as they shall meet with an opportunity to effect the same, especially when as they shall understand, we are so far from condemning it, as that we hold it for a Protestant maxim, That under the pretence of advancing our Religion, we may usurp our Neighbours possessions; as if God had given us but nine Commandements, whereas they have ten.  
Rest yourself satisfied answered my Friend, what I have alleged, is but by way of discourse, and to give you part of what I have often heard by such, as were great Sticklers and Abettors of the Swedish party, for I would not have you to believe, that we are such Cinnicks, as to suffer ourselves to be persuaded, That the ruining and destroying of the kingdom of Denmark, Porussia, Curland, and the Territories of the Prince Elector of Brandenbourg, the enslaving of the City of Bremen( the sole amongst all the Hans, and free Imperial towns, which as we, does profess the true Reformed Religion) can or may advance the Protestant Cause. And to tell you the truth, we are not a little displeased, that the King of Sweden did not rather employ his victorious Forces against some other Parts, then against Denmark. But since he is engaged in that undertaking, and that he hath so many enemies to bukcle with, and amongst the rest the Imperial Forces, we conceive, we cannot well abandon him, without the giving of an opportunity unto the Emperor, to sand a considerable relief unto the King of Spain, into Flanders, to overwhelm our Conquests there; which by the Swedes at London, is assured to be the present Emperors design, as soon as the Swedish Army shall have received the least foil, and that the rest of the allies shall be in a condition to oppose their proceedings, with their own Forces, without the standing in need of the Emperors aid.  
Whereupon I demanded of my Friend whether or no that were his Highnesse the Lord Protectors, and the Councells opinion? How would you have me to know that, said he, who am but a private Person, and bear no public Charge, or Office, in my Country? and where the affairs of State are carried on with so admirable a conduct and secrecy, as that we cannot affirm any thing, till we see it effected; what I have  told you is but my bare opinion, and the sense of those who dive no deeper into the public State of affairs then myself. I really believe you, said I, For in case your opinion twere admitted of in your Country; you needed but to give the kingdoms of Denmark, and Norway, to the King of Sweden;( who being moreover Master of all the baltic Sea, two or three places only excepted;) and thereby the State of Great britain would be exposed unto the same danger, wherein it was formerly, when those three kingdoms were under the Dominion of one sole Potentate; who notwithstanding had not the Sea-Ports of the baltic Sea, which are, worth at least another kingdom; And all this by the mere apprehension which it pleaseth the Swedes to infuse into you; that the Emperor will afford the King of Spain Forces and Relief; whereby you might be said, to imitate the Skittish horse, whieh being frighted, and startting at a shadow, leaps out of the path, and puts out one of his eyes.  
Or in case you will not grant it to be a mere shadow, which you are startled at, but a reality, that the Emperor both may, and will give assistance and aids to the Spaniards: you must at least confess, that this can only pass for a small scratch, to which you will needs apply a plaster, whiles you neglect and omit the curing of a dangerous wound, which may prove a mortal one, and destructive to the whole body, This you will infallibly do, unless you resolve to be assisting and aiding to the King of Denmark, thereby to render him capable to balance the power of one, who otherways will not stick to pester you ere long,( as he a● present does trouble the rest of his Neighbours;) if not timely prevented.  
whereunto my friend replied, that he found my Reasons and Allegations were well grounded, assuring me that the raynes of the State, where you are, were at present in the hands of so sagacious a Prince, as would not be induced to neglect the providing for the good, tranquillity and security of those Estates, wherewithal the almighty hath entrusted him. To contribute to the ambitious designs of one, who hath so ill rewarded those, who have been instrumental in the enlarging of the Crown which he now wears; for no other reason, save that he conceives it not vast enough to his mind.  
Moreover that His Highnesse was minded to call a Parliament, which being the grand Representative of the Nation, and his Great council, would doubtless close in and cooperate with His Highnesse, in the producing of most just, equitable, and Generous resolutions.  
And thus ended our discourse; wherewithal I shall also finish this my already overlong Epistle; Beseeching the almighty to dispose all Christian Princes, unto Peace, and tranquillity; which we might soon promise ourselves in these Parts, in case the King of Sweden, would content himself, and rest satisfied with that; which by reason of a long possession, he may in some manner call his own; as well is his Neibours do, with that which undoubtedly, and without any question, doth belong unto them.  
Hamborough this 15th. of December, 1658.   

AN EXACT RELATION OF THE Transactions & Proceedings Between the KINGS of DENMARK and SWEDEN, AND Between their MINISTERS, From the Treaty of Pacification at Roschilt, on the 26. Febr. 1657. / 1658. till the Breach of the said Peace by the Swedes, on the 9. of August of this present Year.  
IT is manifest to all the World, how and in what manner the Seas and Rivers, wherein the greatest strength of the Danish Islands consists, were, by an unheard of could, and most f●erce Frost, so closed up and overwhelmed with Ice, as that, since the memory of man, it was never known to be so before: whereupon, in the month of February, last past of this present year, 1658. the King of Sweden met with a wished opportunity to march over the Ice with his whole Army and Canon, and to fall upon the iceland of Funen, thence into Laland, Falster, and finally into Zealand; whereby he constrained the King of Denma●k, through the earnest and laborious Mediation of the King of France his Ambassador, and by the interposition of the Lord Protector of Englands Extraordinary Envoy, together with such Commissioners as were deputed from Copenhaghen and the King of Swedens Plenipotentiaries, to yield unto an irrevocable and most advantageous Peace, both for the King and Crown of Sweden: The first Treaty thereon being held at Wordinghburg and Tostrup, and the Conclusion of the whole being perfected at Rotschilt on the 26 day of February last past: whereupon immediately the aforesaid King of Denmark, together with the Senators of the Kingdom, did approve of, and confirm the same in due form; and in like manner the King of Sweden and his Senators did ratify it: In reference whereunto the Articles of Agreement were solemnly delivered up and interchanged at Coppenhaghen, by the mutual consent of both parties.  
And although the King of Denmark, in conformity to the said Treaty, did yield up, resign, and quit to the King of Sweden, such and so many stately Towns, Fortresses and Sea-Ports, as the Swedes with all their Forces of Arms could not have hoped to have subdued in many years together; as namely the noble Provinces of Schonen and Blecking, with Halland to boot:( which was onely by way of engagement formerly made over to the Crown of Sweden for a certain term of years well-nigh expired;) besides the Fortresses of Malmoh, Lands-Crone, Christianopel, Elsingburg, Christianstad in Shonen and Blekingen; as also Laholm, Halmstadt and Warburgh in Halland; besides the two most famous and Kingly Territories in Norway, to wit, the almost invincible Fortress and Domain of Bahues, and the Royalty and City of Druntheim, with all the places thereunto belonging, together with the Isle of Bornholm; having also restored all Yempterland, and finally the Castle of Bremerveurde; both which places, had formerly during the Wars, been taken by the King of Denmarks Forces: all which was thus effected in conformity unto the Articles of Peace; an Extract whereof is here annexed out of the 16 Article, marked with the letter A. After the King of Denma●k, I say, had delivered up the 2000 Horse, and had complied with all whereunto he was bound by the said Treaty, assuring himself, that the Swedes on their part would give order for the withdrawing of their Soldiers out of those Danish Provinces, Dukedoms, and Countries as were possessed by the Swedes, specified in the said Article, and that they would clear the said Provinces on the appointed first day of May, of this present year, without any further contest or dispute, according to the said Agreement: Yet to the contrary the same was from time to time delayed by frivolous pretensions, and in the mean while the Countries where the Swedes lay were exhausted and totally ruined: The Swedes not at all regarding those Ordinances which were made concerning their quartering in the said respective Countries, according to their own good liking, in reference whereunto those Regiments, which were quartered in the Kingdom of Denmark, were to be maintained there in a civil way till the first of May; but they would not therewith be satisfied, exacting such high Treatments as they themselves pleased; and moreover pressed and forced in more Regiments to quarter in Denmark, in Jutland, in Funen, and in Holstein, then was agreed on; the whole contrary to the express meaning and Contents of the 17 Article of the said Treaty of Peace annexed, and marked with the letter B.  
And whereas, after the Ratification of the concluded Peace, any other Treaties between the Deputies and Commissioners of both parties, were desired to be held here at Coppenhaghen, for the begetting and settling of a better understanding; The King of Denmark did not onely willingly admit of the King of Swedens Ambassadors, the Lord Steno Bielk and Sir Peter Julius Coyet, but also appointed Commissioners of his own to confer and agree with them. And immediately the Swedish Ambassadors, at their very first arrival in the month of March, having made overtures of a nearer Union and stricter alliance betwixt these two Northern Crowns, several conferences were thereon held, at which after the propounded Articles of the pretended Union had been discussed and pondered, and were for the most part assented unto by both parties, and though on the behalf of Denmark the said alliance was held to be as good as settled and concluded; yet nevertheless there was no notice in the world to be taken, how that the Swedish Ambassadors did without any just reason and cause break off the said Treaty, on this bare allegation, That since the Crown of Denmark( amongst other things) did reserve itself in the not intermeddling in those Wars wherein the Crown of Sweden was as then involved, the said Union would therefore prove to be but as a public Contest, whereby the Enemies of the Crown of Sweden might discover, that the Danes were unwilling to espouse the Swedish cause, and that therefore it would be better to remit and suspend the said Union till a more convenient opportunity.  
But by this time the Swedish Proceedings do evidently manifest, That it was not the pretended alliance or Union with Denmark they so much cared for, as onely to gain time, whereby to enlarge their Conquest, and to breed a difference between, and to separate the Crown of Denmark from her allies.  
This Treaty of Union being thus ceased, the Swedish Ambassadors did most eagerly press the Danish Commissioners to have a new additional Declaration drawn up concerning the Pacification which was made at Ro●schilt: And in the mean while the Gottorpish Ambassadors arriving at Coppenhaghen, and desiring the performance of that satisfaction which the Duke of Holstein was to receive according to reason, in reference unto the 22 Article of the Treaty of Peace annexed, and marked with the letter C. The Swedish Ambassadors immediately took the Holstein. Ambassadors part, spoken very high, and pretended strange things; notwithstanding the King of Denmark condescended so far to their desires, as that he yielded the sovereignty over the Dukedom of Sleswig●, the iceland of Femcren, the best part of the deanery and Chapter of Sleswigh, and the whole Lordship of Swa●stead;( although himself and his renowned Predecessors had enjoyed a quiet Possession and Government of the said place by a just and lawful well-grounded Title for the space of 72 years, and) made it over to Duke Frederich of Sleswigh, Holstein and Gottorp, to preserve and increase a brotherly understanding betwixt them; whereby the Gottorpish Ambassadors Demands were so far satisfied, as that the Swedish Ambassadors, and the Duke of Holsteins Ambassadors, especially their respective Superiors, acknowledged to be satisfied therewith; as the several Instruments and Deeds, drawn up, settled and confirmed on that Particular, and more especially the Letters of Thanks, and acknowledgements, written from the Duke of Holstein upon that account, do sufficiently manifest and prove.  
So likewise did the King of Denmark on his part make the the more hast to conclude the Gottorpish affairs, in regard that the Swedish Ministers, as also the the French Ambassador, and the English Extraordinary Envoye, did give several assurances, that so soon as this agreement should be concluded on, the King of Swedens Forces should immediately withdraw out of the King of Denmarks Territories; whereupon likewise the Swedish Ambassador did dispatch a Letter to the Lord high Admiral Wrangle, General of the King of Swedens Army; much to this portent. That in regard these Treaties will be speedily ended, and are already upon their conclusions, they thought good to give notice thereof to his Excellency: that accordingly,( though by his Majesty of Swedens Orders;) he might govern himself in the withdrawing of the Forces, and might prepare himself to march away with them. This Letter was sent under a flying seal to his Majesty of Denmark, by way of notification, who sent it by an express to General Wrangle, though no such thing ensu●d thereon.  
Nor could it enter into the King of Denmarks thoughts,( nor any ones else) that after the conclusion and ratification of the pacification at Rotschilt any other declarations or specifications were requisite, the same being so clear and manifestly expressed, as that there needed not an ampler Explanation, or Elucidation, or enlargement thereon, which was also quiter and clean contrary to the intent and purport of the said Pacification of Roschilt: since in the XI. Article of the said Treaty annexed, and marked with the letter D. there is an especial proviso made, that all those particulars, which were not altered by the said Treaty, should be regulated according to the tenor of the former agreements made at Stetin, Soero de & Bremsebrohe betwixt the two aforesaid renowned Crowns.  
And to the end, there might yet a better understanding be settled, and that all difficulties might be removed, as also that the Danish kingdoms, dukedoms and Provinces might be the sooner eased and disburdened from, and of the heavy Swedish quarterings, Contributions, and the other unsufferable Warlike expenses and oppressiones which were forced upon them, expressly contradicting the contents of the XVII. Article, of the Treaty of Peace annexed, and marked with the letter B. The King of Denmark was pleased to yield to the same, and granted unto the King of Sweden several things, which he might with a great deal of Equity and Justice have refused.  
Moreover the urged Explanation was first projected by the Swedish Ambassadors, and was by them delivered up and insinuated to the Danish Commissioners, who as at first, did amongst others, find such a clause therein, as was by the Swedes explained thus, in the third Article of the Roschilt's Pacification, annexed and marked with the letter E. That the word hostile contained in the said Article,( and which, on the behalf of Denmark was otherwise inserted on purpose) should have no other signification save that the Crown of Sweden is thereby authorised to do and omit in the Eastern Sea, whatsoever she pleaseth, and seemeth good unto her; whereby the Swedes themselves did immediately give occasion of a necessary shrewd suspicion, of a strange contradiction, and of the delays which thereby ensued.  
Since which, the vast designs of the afore said Crown of Sweden did not only evidently appear, but also were more manifest, whenas the King of Denma●ks Commissioners requiring that in the additional Declaration, it should be specified; that both the aforesaid Crownes should particulary endeavour, that the traffic and commerce in the Eastern Sea should remain free and secure without any interruption or molestation, and not to permit or suffer any action to be perpetrated therein, which might tend to the prejudice of the Royalties, privileges and freedoms of either parties: The aforesaid Swedish Ambassadors did plainly refuse the same, and brought the business so about, as that the said Article was wholly agreed upon, in the favour and to the advantage of the King of Sweden.  
And although several Articles which were run over again in the said additional Declaration, especially concerning the Duties of the Sea-Passes and Certificates in the Sound were agreed upon, by the Ambassadors and Commissioners on both sides, at a Conference held by them. and that even in the said Swedish Project or draft it was specified and set down in the Margin, for the better manifesting of the same, that the said Articles were so settled. Yet however in another Conference the Swedish Ambassadors did disapprove and alter the said Articles, whereby the Treaty was the more delayed: and when these things were represented to them, they gave no other Answer, save, that they had received other Orders thereon from their King and Master.  
In the like manner the said Swedish Ambassadors did in their said additional Declaration insert, that whereas in the Treaty of Pacification the Lordship of Druntheim was resigned and yielded to the Crown of Sweden, so in like manner it was to be understood, that the Bishops Sea Druntheim was also thereby resigned and yielded up, which nevertheless doth oppugn and contradict the true meaning and right sense of the sixth Article of the Instrument of Peace, annexed and marked with the Letter F. in which there is not so much as a word to be found, intimating the yielding up of the Bishops Sea of Druntheim: but on the part of the Crown of Denmark it was more then sufficiently demonstrated, that the Bishops Sea of Druntheim had no dependency on the Lordship, being separated from the same. hour the Swedish final resolution thereon,( as before) was, that their King had commanded them to persist therein.  
And they failed so little: by their pretending to include this Territory within the said Dominion: of the enlarging of the Limits to a greater extent, then they formerly were known to be, as that they name those Territories, which are situated in the Drunthimer Bishops Sea, the Nordlanden, and would comprise them therein as an Appurtenance belonging to the same. Which demand one of the Sweedish Ambassadors, namely Cojet, pressed so far, as that when it was  told him, there was no such thing contained in the Article of Peace, he made answer unto the Danish Commissioners, that it should cost the Earl Ulefelt and the Senator Steno Bielche their Heads, that they had not herein followed their Instructions, and that at the beginning of the Treaty they had not urged the Points of the Norlands, and taken care, that it might be comprehended in the said Article. But when as they perceived, they could not compass their design herein, they endeavoured separately to bring the said Norlanden either by way of exchange, or for moneys under the Crown of Sweden.  
Insomuch that during the said Negotiations there was nothing more common to the Swedes then this, to wit, when they had made an unreasonable and harsh demand: which the Danes were forced to grant, to avoid the greater evil of the two: they then would advance and propose another demand as unreasonable as the former, if not far worse: And then for their last argument and reason of such their unjust demands; in which they would not be contradicted or gainsaid: they declared, That the fortress of Frederichs odd should not be delivered up, nor the Swedish Army be drawn out of the King of Denmarks, Territories, until such time as they had consented to all their demands.  
So likewise it is known to all men what passed in the said Treaty concerning the Isle of Ween: for the Gotterpish or Holstein Treaty was no sooner concluded and signed, but the Swedes did immediately frame a pretence to the said iceland, that so on that account they might continue the enquartering of their Forces in the Danish Territories in the same manner as before. Whereas to gain yet more time for themselves, and to keep their Forces there, they did without any ground at all surmise, that the said iceland belonged to Shonen, although it hath no dependency at all on Shonen, according to the description of all both Modern and Ancient Historiographers and Geographers, but from time out of mind, hath and doth resort under the Isle of Zealand, as well concerning the Civil as Ecclesiastical jurisdiction; the subjects and Inhabitants of Ween paying in their Contributions and assessments unto the bailiff residing then at Chronenbourgh in Zealand; besides which the said iceland used the same Laws of Zealand: and King Christian the Fourth, on the 24. day of May, 1634. at the instance and request of the said Inhabitants did grant( only during his pleasure) that they might make their appearances, and be judged at the Judicature sea● of Shonen, which was but three leagues distant from them, and not by the judicature seat of Zealand, which was at eleven leagues distance; But with this reservation however, dated January the 26. Anno 1647. That the Inhabitants of Shonen being a free people, the Subjects of Ween should continue as Vassals, or Gleb●e adscriptitii of Zealand, and not be judged by the Laws of Shonen, but by the Laws of Zealand. Notwithstanding the King of Denmark, for quietness sake, and to free his Territories and Subjects from the intolerable oppressions, and heavy burden of the Swedish forces, promised rather to remit the said iceland to the King of Sweden.  
Nor were the Swedes herewith satisfied neither, but anew, pretended satisfaction for the three Ships laden with Salt, which formerly in time of war were detained in the Sound, which said ships they set at so high an estimate, as that the value of the Salt, and other pretended Merchandises in the said ships, were overrated above the one half; notwithstanding it was fully concluded, That the said Salt ships with all their equipage should be restored, and in lieu of the Sa●t a considera●le s●mme of money was payed. And whereas it now seemed that all things were duly repaired and cleared, and that the Swedes could not possibly have found out any further pretensions: They to gain more time, did exhibit another pretended grievance, whereon they demanded satisfaction; to wit, for the booty which the King of Denmarks subjects( during the time of open and declared wars) had taken from the Swedish Company of Guinea, for the which at first they demanded 200000, afterwards 300000, and finally 400000 Rixdollars, whereas it is sufficiently well known, that the said losses did not amount unto so much by far, and at most could not exceed the sum of 100000 Rixdollars. And although the King of Denmark was only obliged to restore the bare castles and Fortresses in Guinea, without any Caenon, ammunitions or provisions, according the contents of t●e 14 Article of the Treaty of Peace, annexed and marked with the Letter G, which was sufficiently demonstrated and shown to the Ambassadors, yet however the King of Denmark to hasten the long desired and promised departure of the Swedish Forces out of his Dominions, did so far condescend unto this their most unreasonable demand, as that he promised to make good the 400000 Rixdollars, for reparation and satisfaction of the losses the Sweeds pretended thereby to have suffered. To the payment of which sum the Swedes first demanded some Land should be engaged and pawned, and afterwards required, that several Merchants of Hamborough should engage to pay the said sum within one years time, as their own debt.  
Whereupon the King of Denmark represented to the Swedes, that this their last demand was impossible to be performed, by reason that the Crown of Denmark in that conjuncture of time,( as long as the Swedish Forces were not withdrawn out of his Territories) had not so much credit; And although his majesty of Denmark would have engaged himself to have seen the same performed, thereby to have freed His Dominions from the intolerable burden of the Military extortions, yet there would no ear at all be given thereunto. However, to the end it might not be said, that the King of Denmark had omitted any thing( though never so difficult, were it in his power to perform the same) which might tend to the good of his Dominions, and of his Subjects, did finally proffer unto the Swedish Ambassadors, his own and his Senators Bond for the payment of the said 400000 Rixdollers, besides some considerable Territories, whereof they were to enjoy the Revenues, in case the said payment should not be made in due time, and un till such time, as the castles in Guineae should be restored, hoping that the King of Sweden would have therewith remained satisfied, and would have given order for the withdrawing of his forces out of the King of Denmarks Dominions, according unto the agreement of the Treaty of Peace, and the which was so often with infallible engagements promised.  
But there was nothing at all concluded nor performed hereon, save only that one of the Swedish Plenipotentiary Ambassadors, Peter Julius Cojet( who till that time had remained here) departed with the said resolutions from hence to Holstein, with an intent to make a verbal relation of all the said Proceedings to the King his Master, promising that he would both contribute to facilitate the desired marching away of the Swedish Forces, and that within a fortnight he would return again; comporting himself in such a serious and feigned way, and giving such good words and fair promises, as that amongst the honest and well meaning people, it was believed, that all his proceedings were real, and that in a very short space of time he would have compassed the freeing of the Kingdoms and Dominions belonging to his majesty of Denmark, from the heavy oppressions they did lie under, and that he would have forthwith returned with good tidings thereof: but the event did shortly after evidence the contrary.  
Now when as in this wise entire, full, and more then complete satisfaction had been given to the King of Sweden, even to his most unjust and unreasonable demands, that all the Countreyes and strong places( agreed on in the Articles of the treaty of Peace) were delivered up, the Castle of Bremerveurde restored, and that the evacuation and reciprocal surrendering of the iceland of Funen, and the strong place of Fredericks odd was expected, and the which ought to have been yielded up by the Swedes, at the same time as Bremerford was by the King of Denmark, the rather in regard there the aforesaid Swedish Ambassadors had shown unto the Senators of the King of Denmark, an Original Letter from the King of Sweden containing this particular among others. As soon as Bremerford shall be restored to us, the iceland of Funen shall also be evacuated and cleared. But it seems the Sweeds were otherwise minded, and resolved, as the event sufficiently manifests.  
When as, a great complaint was made and forestalled by the Swedes, as if the two thousand horse and men which had been promised unto them were not effectually delivered, pretending that by reason hereof they were constrained to defer their marching away; whereas it is sufficiently manifest, how and in what manner the King of Denmark, did two dayes before the Agreement at Rosehilt, which was concluded on the 26. of February) to wit on the 24. of the said month cause the said 20000 horse( consisting in three several Regiments and their respective Companies, under the Command of mayor General Joachim Traempen, colonel Bertram Ranzow, and the Captain of horse Drachen Felsen) to be delivered over unto the Swedes hard by Coppenhaghen, at the place called the K●kerkroogh, by the said mayor General Trampen, insomuch as in this particular there was no delay at all; but afterwards when as several of the said Troopers being in the King of Swedens service( after their resignment in the aforesaid manner) contrary to the King of Denmarks knowledge and will, did in a clandestine way hid and absent themselves, and were run away from their colours; insomuch as that shortly alter, in the month of March, at the Solemn and friendly meeting of both the said Kings at Fredericksborgh, amongst other particulars, the King of Sweden alleging to the King of Denma●k, that several of the said Troopers were run away, the King of Sweden himself, did in the presence of the L. earnest Albreht of Eberste●n( the King of Denmarks field Marshal) declare, that if so be the Muster rowls of the said men might be delivered unto him, he would cause those Troopers which were missing to be sought for, and to be brought back to their Colours again, since the greatest part of them were inhabitants of Shonen,( now a Province of Sweden;) this was very willingly and speedi●y consented unto by the King of Denmark, and immediately afterwards the said Muster rowls were delivered to the King of Sweden by the Danish Ambassador at Gottenb●urgh, the Lord Offujuel, after which the runaway Troopers not only were speedily by the Swedes themselves sought up in the Province of Shonen, but were for the most part( if not all of them) found again, and brought to their Colours.  
But this was not at all regarded, nor was there any heed taken of those things which were bespoken and assented unto at Fredericksborgh; and the King of Sweden anew, caused instances to be made for the delivery of a thousand Troopers more, the which having been over and above assented unto, and was proffered, the said Troopers being presented to the Swedish Officers in Jutland and Holstein, which were appointed to receive them, as namely mayor General Botticher, did move several difficulties, which were not contained in the Treaty of Peace, at length deferred the time for their admittance, and shortly after bespoke that there should be no Danes among them, excepted against the Troopers, for having no Cloaks, that their Saddles and Pistols pleased them not, that their horses were not all of one s●ze, that they would not admit of their Corporals and under Officers, servants in the Muster rowls; that above the said numbers, there were to be 60 or 65 Troopers more, and several such like objections, as it is apparent by the Field Marshal Ebersteins letter to the aforesaid mayor General Botticher annexed and marked with the Letter H, whereby both the Officers and Soldiers grew the more impatient, so that the Danes were forced to yield to their harsh demands, and to return the Troopers again into their old quarters, where they had formerly lain, after they had been in this manner thus proffered by the Field Marshall Eberstein, to the mayor General Botticher, till such time as it pleased the Swedes to receive them, which they purposely deferred, the better to bring their subtle design now at ●and, with the lesser contradiction to a conclusion; when as 500 Troopers had formerly been delivered them in Jutland and the rest in Holstein not far from Gluckstadt, whereby the King of Denmark thought himself secured, and in such a peaceable condition, as that the Kingdom of Denmark was voided of all warlike preparations, and so little thought upon new levies, as that they disbanded those Forces which were on foot; insomuch as that the Ambassador of Sweden did request and assure his majesty of Denmark, not to proceed to the making of any new unnecessary levies. And whilst we were in a daily expectation of the so much desired, and looked for, nay promised marching of and drawing of the Swedish Forces, we received the sad news, that the Marsh lands and Territoris preserved for the maintaining of the garrisons of Gluckstadt, Crempe, Kenscourgh and Pinenberg were burdened and oppressed with intolerable taxations and inquartering of Soldiers, flat and plain against the direct and absolute promises made by the King of Sweden, to the King of Denmark at their personal meeting at Fredericksbourgh in the month of March, when as he assured the King of Denmark, that those Marsh lands should be freed from all inquarterings whatsoever, as also contrary to the King of Swedens. Orders in writing when he was last at Gottenbourgh, which he gave to the Palatine of Sultsbach the General of the Horse, concerning the particular cleared of the Territory of Rensbourgh, as it appeared under the Letter I annexed, and which said Order was delivered to the King of Denmarks Ambassador at Gottenbourgh under flying Seal, to the end his majesty of Denmark might rest satisfied, that it should be the better observed.  
By which proceedings the King of Denmarks garrisons were not only defrauded of their useful subsistencies, but also the Inhabitants of those parts, by the said intolerable, oppression●, were utterly ruined and undone.  
So likewise in the same month of March, the Palsegrave, did fall into south D●tmarsh with 2000 horse, and there exacted moneys and several other taxations by violence, as also forced considerable sums of money to be levied in the Territories of Rensbrough, where a Swedish Colonel did require only for the daily maintenance of his own person 313 Rix collars, and besides himself there were several other officers, who pretended the same allowance, and the like enquartrings were not only imposed on the Inhabitants of the dukedoms of Holstein, but the duchy of Sleswigh was also forced to contribute towards the setting forth of the King of the Swedens Fleet, and by that means, was little or not at all the better for the foregoing Pacification.  
Over and above which notwithstanding the security allowed for the free Passage of letters, and of those safe conducts, which were granted by the King of Sweden himself, the Swedes at Flensbourgh did detain the Posts sent by the King of Denmarks Senators into Holstein, and by others to the said King, opened their dispatches, read the same, and never sent them forward, according to their directions, but published some of them in print, contrary to the King of Swedens promise, and engagement under his hand and seal.  
And although the poor inhabitants did with several sums of money often times redeem the aforesaid taxations, and thereby gave content to their trooopes, presently afterwards other Swedish forces violently entred the said parts again, and renewed the said taxations and exactions in an unheard of, and almost incredible manner. In so much that in the month of april certain Swedish Troops under the command of mayor general Arentson fell into the Southern Ditmarsh, and used the inhabitants as bad as the foregoing troops had done: Which new attempts and agreevances being directly contrary to the articles of peace, were notwithstanding born withall, till such time, as it were seen, what answer, order and course the King of Sweden would take therein, unto whom the complaints thereon were made.  
Besides all which, the Swedish Commissioners who were deputed towards the settling of new orders, to wit, how and in what manner their cannoners should be treated till the First day of May( for according to the articles of agreement they were not any longer to be entertained) made so many difficulties, as that they would come to no conclusion, which is likewise laid to their charge, as a particular aggrievance quiter contrary to the article of agreement.  
And although by the King of Swedens letters dated at Gottenbourgh on the 26 of april, under his own signature, and seal, and the declaration which was published in the beginning of May, besides the King of Swedens orders to the Lord admiral Wrangell, it was conceived and hoped, that the swedish solders should be thence forward kept under a good discipline, should forbear the said former exactions, and should immediately be drawn of and march away; yet shortly after the said Swedes did again impose a rigorous execution on Kremper-Marsh for their pretended arrears, in so much that the Danish garrisons which lay in Gluekstadt and Crempe were forced to take their former stations in those parts again, for to hinder and prevent further mischiefs and eruptions.  
Moreover the Swedish mayor general Botticher, in the said month of May under a pretence of marching away hence by land, passed through the Dominions of Rensbrough with 2000 horse, with which in the villages of the said parts, and especially at Nortdorf he behaved himself in such an unbeseeming manner, as that the poor people were forced to fly into the forrests and Woods, and save themselves, from whom they violently took all the horses they could light on, and all their household stuff they could lay hands on, killed their cattle without distinction, and as for goose, Hens, Ducks, and such like Poultry which they had not time to eat, they killed, and nailed upon the doors, and in a most inhuman manner slay many poor people, as a poor Peasant who had seven Children an old decreped Woman, insomuch that a declared professed Enemy could not have done worse.  
And about the midst of June the Lord Oxensterns Squadron being betwixt 6, and 700 men, and 200 Officers, belonging to the train of artillery, with their servants, and 220 canon-horses did quarter in the Parish of Nortdorf, and pretended to remain inquarterd, and to subsist their, till such time, as the whole army should march away, notwithstanding the King of Swedens former exemptions, and freeing of those parts from inquarterings.  
In the same month likewise the Swedish Colonel Gorgas with the whole regiment drew in Haslow, and the Hasslower Marsh, and some companies demanded quarters at Newdorf, whereon the Swedish Resident at Hamborough, by name Moller, did allot them their quarters there, which concerned him not at all, whereupon the Kingly Holsteinish Counsellors, did make complaints thereon to his Palsegrave, but to no purpose, and without any effect.  
In the beginn●ng of June mayor Ge●eral Bottic●er did again with some Regiments quarter himself in Ditmarsh.  
So likewise five Swedish Regiments, namely the Duke of We●mars, the Earl of Solms, colonel Gorga●, colonel Cunstens, and colonel Shonlehens, together with the Squadron of Colonel Smith, did take up their quarters in the County of Pinnenbergh, and forced their maintenance there in an unsupportable manner, not willing to be contented with any thing that was reasonable. The Duke of Weymers Regiment alone requiring for every ten dayes provision 18730 pound of bread, 10515 pounds of flesh, 107 barrels of beer, 15 quarters of Oats, and 100 Rix collars in service mon●y, or else in lieu thereof every ten dayes, 800 Rixdollers, which said sums should they be multiplied according unto the number of the afore specified regiments, would in few dayes amount to more then all the poor Inhabitants( who were at that time remaining in their dwellings) were worth, either in corn, substance, or any other goods whatsoever: And whereas the Souldiers, which w●re so quartered, saw that the country people were not able to provide for them, they fell a cutting down the best and fairest woods, and forest, selling by hundreds and thousand of tr●es together, which they compelled the peasants themselves to carry away, and sell, on the El●e, the Ei●er, at Hamborough, and in other places, whereby they raised great sums of money, which thing also was continued ever since, as long as the Swedes remained in Holstein and Jutland.  
Moreover, against all the Promises made, all the Grants which were given, either in writing or by word of mouth, all the Treaties and Agreements which were concluded on; In the month of July, several Swedish Regiments did again intrude and force themselves into the Wilster and Cremper Marsh, against which neither those Remonstrances which were thereon made unto the King of Sweden himself, and unto the Officers in chief of his Forces, were any ways valuable, no● could in the least redress the same.  
Besides all which mayor General A●enson did on the 23. of July fall into the Wilster Marsh with two Regiments, whereby the subsistences yet remaining, which the King of Denmarks garrisons had out of those parts, were totally withdrawn, all which the King of Denmark was forced in so sad a conjuncture of time to pass, by and suffer; since that no Remonstrances, nor addresses thereon made to the Swedes,( amongst which the King of Denmarks Letter unto the palgrave of Sultzbach, marked with the Letter K. is to be comprised) could be considerable, or of any moment to divert them from these unjust proceedings.  
Finally, wheneas we were in a longing expectation for the return of the aforesaid Ambassador Cojet, with the Ratification of all whatsoever had been till that time negotiated, and treated on,( whereon chiefly we relied, and thought ourselves secured) the King of Sweden, as then, took his time to put his long since( as it seems) resolved on hostile invasion in execution, and under the pretence of his going to Pomerania or Porussia, with those Forces which in the beginning of the month of August he had embarked at Kiel; the said King( before he had given any notice thereof in the least, or had denounced any war at all) did about the seventh of August unexpectedly and unthought of, fall into he Isle of Zealand again, and on the ninth of the said month, directly marched towards the city of Copenhaghen, surprising the Danish Horse, which were distributed throughout all the whole iceland, and lay dispersed up and down in their quarters; some of which he constrained to take service under him, the rest he detained as Prisoners, and cut off the passage of those who would have retired themselves unto Coppenhaghen, and proceeded to make his approaches towards the King of Denmarks said place of Residency, which he continued both by day and night, and in like manner possessed himself of the Town Helsingnur, and played upon the Castle of Cronenbourgh from several Batteries.  
Whereupon it must needs consequently follow, that the King of Sweden vilifying the respect which he doth at least owe unto the Roman Empire( whereof he is a member) and to the Emperors Person, hath( contrary to t●e Constitutions of the Empire, contrary to the Law of Nations, contrary to the strict and tender Pacifica ion of Munster and Osnabourgh, and especially contrary to the Articles of the Treaty o● Peace at Roschil●) acted al manner of Hostilities in the highly considerable, and most important Imperial Fronteer, the duchy of Holstein, being not satisfied with this, neither having constrained the said duchy to maintain the Swedish Army for a long time, and to furnish them with great and considerable sums of money, But also about the same time( when as he had resolved to fall into Zealand a ain in a hostile manner) attempted on a sudden, and unexpectedly, to surprise and take the strong Fortresses of Glucks●adt and Rensbourgh, the Steanbourg●er sconce, and sev●ral other considerable places: but when they perceived that they had mist of these their designs, they then contented themselves to keep the said places blocked up. Moreover they detained and took Prisoners several of His majesty the King of Denmarks Subjects, both Military and Civil Officers, and a great number of the chief and principal Gentry and Citizens, who thought themselves very secure, and were some of them in their respective homes, in their country houses, and some of them on journeys, on their own private concerments; divers of which the said Swedes have sent away out of the Land; as also they surprised the King of Denmarks lifeguard of Horse, commanded by the Field Marshall Everstein, which Regiment was dispersed in their quarters in the Marsh Lands, and who had kept good Correspondency with those Swe●es, which lay inquartered in the like manner jointly with them; wounding several of the said Regiment Officers, taking others Prisoners, and enforcing the private Soldiers to serve under them; Moreover they did set upon the House Haselow in a hostile manner, and made unexpected attempts upon several other Forts and Places, some of which under the pretence of amity and Friendship they mastered, but were driven away with bloody heads, and with the loss of several of their men,( which they left dead behind them,) from such places as took timely notice of this their violating the peace, in so unjust and horrid a manner, as that it must needs be odious both to God and Men.  
And in like manner between the 8. and 9. of August, a Royal Swedish Fleet unexpectedly, and on a sudden, appeared before this Town and Haven of Coppenhaghen, and in a hostile manner impeaded the egress and regress from and to the same, and did arrest and seize Duke John Frederick of Brunswick and Lunenbourgh the Queen of Denmarks Brother, who had nothing to do with this cause, and who was to be considered as a Free Prince of the Roman Empire, yet they detained both Him and the Ship, wherein he was minded to have come hither, and several other Ships and merchandises in like manner; not giving any hearing or credit to the trumpeter, who was by the King of Denmark sent to the said Duke, not so much as permitting him to see the said Duke, but kept the said trumpeter shut down in the hold of the said Ship so strictly, as that he could not be spoken unto by any of the said Dukes servants.  
Moreover they surprised and seized several of the King of Denmarks men of War, and other ships, together with all their equipage, ships company, and mariners, who relying upon the Peace, and thinking themselves secure, not expecting any Enmity or acts of Hostility, were riding safe, as they thought, in the Sound, in the Bel●, before Christiana, and in other harbours or Havens, as also those which lay at Ba●use, and in the harbour of Christianstadt, being laden with the King of Denmarks Ordnance, Ammunitions and Provisions, with the which they were on their return, to bring them into the Kingdom of Denmark, in reference unto the afore specified Articles of Peace; which said ships with their Ladings, as aforesaid, the Swedes carried away, fell upon them unawares, and made them good prise: to wit, 1. The pelican. 2. The Falcon. 3. The Sea lease. 4. The S●arren seven. 5. The Galliot called the Hope. 6. The St. George. 7. The Hunter. 8. A Dunke●k Booyer and several others, whereby it may be evidntly observed, that after they had detained at Bahuse and Christiana afore specified, the remaining Ordnances, Ammunitions and Provisions, and that a part of them were a little before brought on board of the said ships, they as then, just when the said ships were ready to set sail towards Denmark, did commence this their breach of Peace, insomuch as that thereby they obtained( as a booty and prey) not only those particulars, which were laden on board the said Vessels, and which were brought out of the said Fortresses, but also all the Artillery, ammunitions, and provisions, and other necessaries belonging to His said Majesty, and the which were as yet undelivered, so likewise they detained and made use of all the Vessels and Boats belonging to the inhabitants of Funen, Jutland and Holstein, all this whole Summer, against all equity, justice, and against the Treaty of Peace, forcing them to make several voyages for, and with them into Livonia, Porussia and other parts, and finally made them of good prise, whereby the Navigation, Trading and Commerce of those parts fell to the Ground, and the inhabitants were thereby totally ruined, and like to perish and starve.  
Moreover it is worthy to be observed, how that the afore name Swedish Ambassador Cojet, after he had been treated with all the civilities and courtesies imaginable, being departed with entire satisfaction, did never testify a greater amity and a more true and real well grounded affection on the behalf of the King his Master then at his departure hence on the third of August, even in such an extraordinary manner, as that he proceeded so far, as to motion a match between his Highnesse the Prince of denmark, and the Duke of Gottorps Lady daughter, in the which he proffered to be a Mediator.  
But whilst that we were in an earnest expectation to receive all these good tidings at his hands, behold him active on board of the hostile Fleet before Coppen●a●●●●, writing and sending letters thence to his Colleague the Swedish Senator and present Ambassador in this place, the Lord Steno Bielke, and without doubt also hath given good advice both to the King of Sweden, and his admiral, of the concernments and particulars of this place, which must needs be sufficiently known unto him, he having for the space of four moneths constantly resided therein.  
Moreover the said Lord Bielke did make provision of sundry weapons and fire-armes in his lodgings in this city, as also increased the number of his servants and attendants, protesting however that he knew nothing in the least of this sudden and hostile invasion, and most earnestly besought His Majesty the King of denmark to redouble those guards, which he had ordained to attend upon him, to have a care of his security, seeing the common people were very ill satisfied with him, supposing that the said Ambassador under the notion of friendship should have fomented the like hostile councils and actions, and therefore threatened him. Whereupon the King of denmark did cause him to be safely conducted into his Majesties own house, situated in his garden called Rosin bourough and thereto be lodged in all manner of safety, since there could not a better nor securer place be found to put the said Ambassador into. And who being several times interrogated in his Majesties name on the premises, did continually declare and most solemnly protest, that he knew not any thing at all concerning the King of Swedens hostile design nor invasion of denmark. And just upon the neck of this attempt and invasion, the Swedes had caused to be published through the whole world( with a great deal of craft and falsehood) and Printed it in the public Corrantos, or News-Books that there were great differences and misunderstandings fallen out betwixt his majesty the King of Denmark, and some of his great Lords and Senators, insomuch as that they had conspired against his Majesty the Kings life, where by his Majesty was constrained to demand assistance and relief of the King of Sweden against this rebellious subjects.  
And some Swedish Officers, who at the beginning of this breach of peace arrived with their troops at Koke in Zealand, did report and divulge, that the King of Swedens design was not against the King of Denmarks Person, or Kingly government, but was chiefly undertaken against several of his disaffected Rebellious, and disloyal subjects. Of all which there was no mention made in the least in denmark, nor had there any such thing happened, insomuch that this knack must needs pass for a mere Swedish invention, whereby they expected to reap a great benefit: although it is well known to all the world, that all his majesty of Denmarks subjects and provinces, are more loyal and true unto him, then the Swedes could wish or desire.  
However, so soon as the King of Denmark had notice of the hostile invasion of the Isle of Zealand on the 8 of August, his Majesty did deputy towards the King of Sweden two of his Senators, the Lord Moyens Hogh, and Christian She, who met the said King at Ringstead, within eight leagues of this place on the ninth of August, but could not be addmitted to a hearing or audience until the next day after, because it was too late on the preceding day.  
When as, after the usual compliments had taken place, it was represented to the said King; That he must needs remember, that the foregoing differences and misunderstandings which were come to an open breach and war betwixt the two Northern Crowns, were by Gods mercy, and through the mediation of the most Christian King of France, and of his Highnesse the Lord Protector of England, Scotland, and Ireland, composed and were brought to a firm and real peace, all things being settled again in their former beings, an absolute act of oblivion past, which according to the tenor of the concluded on agreement of Roschilt, were solemnly described, sealed, ratified, and mutually desined by both parties. And when as afterwards there was occasion for any additional treaties to the better clearing of certain particulars in question, the same demands where by the King of denmark consented and agreed unto, in such a manner as( if the treaty had been well handled) that either the one or the other might have been accepted, or rejected, so that there was not any thing left unsettled, all things meeting with their desired ends. But if any difference remained or were to be moved concerning the booty made at Guinea, it might have been considered, that both the sa●d Kingly Commissioners were agreed, What and how much the Crown of denmark should pay in lieu thereof, whereunto also the king of denmark, had consented, the business only sticking upon the time, and the assurance, to wit, when the said sum should be payed, and in what manner the payment of the moneys should remain assured: And whereas the Swedish Ambassador Coyet, had taken upon himself to settle that business with the King of Sweden, and to that purpose was a few dayes since departed hence towards his majesty, it was conceived on our parts, that the said business was in like manner settled and effected, insomuch that after such a settling of affairs the King of denmark thought it very strange to be invaded both by water and Land, in such a clandestine manner, and in so sudden and unexpected away, without any reason at all given, or preceding denunciation of war, That it was deemed an Act beneath the generosity of the King of Sweden, to violate the Articles of peace so earnestly presecuted, and so strictly confirmed, both by his Majesties hand and seal, That it was rather believed the King of Swedens fortunes and progresses were to be steered by Justice and equity, in such a manner as that the wh●le world might not be able to speak ill of them, seing t●a● on the King of Denma●ks ●ehalf all the granted Provinces and fortresses, as also all the troops, and other things agreed on, were complied withall, whereunto on this side, there was not any engagement perform: With a further assurance that the King of denmark, did not desire any ot●er thing save peace, quietness and friendship with the King of Sweden, and to obser●e and keep the same. Moreover that the said, Senators were sent unto his Majesty to no other end, save to take of all those suspicion and a ●elousie, which it seemed were at hand, and therefore humbly supplicated his said majesty to appoint Commissioners, unto whom they would clearly demonstrate, that the King their Master had not in the least given any occasion of Enmity, far less of any rapture or breach, and that he had not so much as harboured the least thought thereof.  
Unto all which the King of Sweden himself did most amply make answer, and beginning with all the transactions which happened as well before, as since the last war, between the two Northern Crowns, he repeated the same, as also whatsoever else is contained in the Northern Histories, and had happened for several years before, but especially and particularly.  
1. That the Crown of Denma●k had endeavoured the King of Swedens, and his Kingdoms ruin, and had first of all given him cause of provocation.  
2. That they had endeavoured to undermine and diminish the commerce and traffic of Sweden.  
3. That they had not observed the particulars, which they had yielded unto by the pacification of Roschiltd: Nor reflecting on the King of Swedens slacking the course of his victories, purposely to hinder the ruin of the King of Denmarks family, and of his Crown, which he deferred, relying upon the performance of the treaty betwixt them. That he had understood since, the Danes only sought occasion to defer and detain him in his proceedings, that therefore he could not withdraw his forces out of their Territories.  
4. That letters from denmark which are extant, and had been sent to England, and others which were written from Holland by the King of Denmarks Extraordinary deputy, the Lord Henry Willemsen Resenvinge, gave a sufficient evidence of the Danish designs.  
5. The King likewise complained of what had happened in the Domains of Druntheim, with late Peter Wieben, concerning Rumbsdall, where he was detained by the King of denmark.  
6. He complained likewise that the Crown of denmark had not dealt well with his Father in Law, the Duke of Sleswigh, Gottop and Holstein, but had also deferred and delayed him.  
7. That denmark would not join in an alliance with Sweden, when as the King of Sweden desired but 8, or 10, ships for his assistance, whereby his designs were hindered, and his field progress, whereunto his council had advised him, was totally neglected, and lost, so that he was resolved to commit the success of this his undertaking to God, and his good fortune, for the which the King of denmark had given him occasion by writing of letters to his allies, only to breed delays and to gain time and to receive such forces, as were for that purpose expected out of Holland, thereby to be in a capacity to stand upon his own Defence.  
8. Finally, the said King complained, that the person who had brought away the booty from Guinea, had not been arrested and detained.  
Whereunto the King of denmark Ambassadors and senators replied: That although several acts of hostility had happened since the denunciation of the war, yet however the same were passed over, forgotten and buried in silence, by virtue of the solemn ratification of Peace, and by the act of oblivion, which was accordingly passed on all sides: Hoping that as yet his said majesty would not reject any reasonable Treaties or overtures, and that also those prejudicial letters to, and from allies, might be produed, since they knew not in the least any thing concerning the same.  
And when as the foregoing delays, and detentions, were several times and often urged as the chief causes of this new Enmity and acts of Hostility, there was returned in answer thereunto, that the Swedish Ambassadors themselves were the cause thereof: That those affairs which had been debated and assented unto by the Treaty at Coppenhaghen, were in themselves matters of high concernments, chiefly those things, which the King of Sweden both desired and obtained for himself, and for Duke Frederich of Slegwigh, Holstin and Gottorp, as namely the yielding up of all the Territories and the Kingly privileges, wherein they had reason to expect some moderation, since there was no prefixed time settled, within which the said Treaties should be concluded; moreover that it was apparent, that some part of the said Articles, notwithstanding they were assented unto by both parties, as also accepted of by the Commissioners and Deputies of the interested Parties, and were accordingly set down in writing; yet nevertheless the same Articles were on the behalf of the Swedes annulled, and revoked upon this bare pretence only, that they were not acceptable, nor did at all please the King of Sweden: And whereas the King of Denmark had complied with, and absolutely performed, whatsoever he was engaged unto; yet on the behalf of the King of Sweden there was not any thing at all, or very little effected, of what ought to have been done on his part, whereby the burdensome and untolerable delays which were caused, and the deferrings which were urged, are really, and in effect, far more to be imputed unto the Swedes themselves then unto His majesty of Denmark. So likewise was it manifest to all the world, that Denmark at that time was brought to so low an Ebe, as that it was impossible forher, as then, to set out so many ships to sea.  
Whereupon the King of Sweden himself with a great deal of eanestness made a Reply to all the said imputations, and mean while remitted the King of Denmarks Senators, and Ambassadors, to his Counsellors, to see whether they could find any remedy therein; but when as they declared, that they rather sought to have to do with the Head( meaning the King himself) he then asked them, whether they intended to put themselves under his protection? whereunto they answered: That they would willingly know, in the Name, and on the behalf of His majesty their King, whether or no this new begun Enmity, and hostile invasion, by the Swedes, might not be moderated, and appeased. That there was little or no regard to be had to their own Protection; but that they requested Commissioners might be appointed to the ends afore specified; and when as they did again most instantly press the same, they were twice  told, they had leave to depart. Whereunto there was added: That the Swedish Ambassador which had been at Coppenhaghen, Sir Julius Coyet, had no power to terminate the Guinea business, but ought to have made his Addresses thereon unto the King his Master. Now, whereas the King of Denmarks Senators did hereby perceive, that the appointing of Commissioners to treat with them was absolutely denied; they took their leaves, making this Protestation: That there was a just God in Heaven, unto whom they would recommend this Cause.  
And immediately after, it was notified unto the said Danish Senators, whilst they were in their Lodgings; that in case they had any thing else to declare, the King of Sweden had appointed the Lord Marshal Oxenstern, and the Earl of Slippenbag●, as Commissioners to treat with them; who also immediately came to them, and after several Proposals, Replies, and Debates, the Danish Senators persisting in their former allegations, and maintaining that the Swedish newly undertaken Hostilities, were on their side and behalves, far more grounded on suspicions and Jealousies, then rea ities or effects, and that the afore mentioned pretended delays were not to be admitted of, as sufficient occasions for the breach of a Peace; in regard that those things, which only remained unperfected, and were in a manner finished, were by the Swedish Ambassadors themselves undertaken to be moderated, and that the retarding of the same was chiefly to be imputed to themselves, seeing that as afore said, the whole was in a manner concluded on, and brought to a final end.  
As then, the Earl of Slippenbach, after a long Discourse did declare, That Denmark, by the afore mentioned pretended and imputed Delays, had given occasion, that the Poles, the Muscovites, and the Elector of Brandenbourgh, were joined and reinforced against the SWedes, and had hastened the Election of the Roman Emperour, all which the King of Sweden could otherways have hindered, that it was not unknown how precious a thing Time was, which( as one before had alleged) could not be recalled by the Almighty himself; and that as Denmark might at present see its ruin drawing nigh, and the fatal moment of its subversion hanging over its ●ead, so the best and most convenient ways to help themselves, were the rather to be chosen; that the King of Sweden was already Master of the whole Land, and that he would have likewise, the Fortresses and strong places; that therefore it would be as good for the inhabitants to have a King whose name is Cha●les, as one who is name Frederick, or was called Christian; that there is a God, who doth take away, and give Kingdoms to whom he pleases. and it seems that Denmarks fatal hour was at hand. But hour he would pray to God, that so noble and glorious a city as Coppenhaghen, with so many thousands of inhabitants, might not swelter and perish in their own blood. That the Swedes were resolved, first to make themselves Masters of the whole Kingdom, and afterwards to dispute and deduce the Justice of the Cause.  
And in this wise, the said Danish Senators, and Ambassadors, were constrained to depart from the said Swedish Commissioners, without the effecting of their business, or doing any good with them; returning towards Coppenhaghen, where they arrived on the eleventh of the said month of August, and gave an ample account of all the aforesaid proceedings to the King of Denmark their Master.  
So that it is remitted to the censure and judgement of all knowing, sincere, upright, and judicious men, whether or no the Peace which was bought at so dear a rate, and so fully complied withall, on the behalf of his majesty the King of Denmark can be forfeited by the foregoing arguments urged by the Swedes, and whether the Swedes on the bare allegation of some special pretences, to ground their said quarrel on, without any preceding notification, when as there was not so much as one Clause of the Treaty left unsatisfied, can, merely for a fond reason of State, change the everlasting Peace so fully ratified, flrst into a five moneths oppressure, and extortion of the poor inhabitants, and present●y afterwards into an open war, and into so grea● a bath of blood, as the Earl of Slippenbach threatens the city of Coppenhaghen wit●all? So likewise will it be needless to lay open and debate the foregoing Swedish Allegations, seeing His majesty the King of Denmarks afore name Senators, have already, on good grounds, at large, and to the purpose, answered the same; as also, by reason it doth appear,( as clear as the Sun at Noonday) by the afore mentioned allegations exhibited by the Swedes, that their intention and drift is under a colourable feigned pretence, to involve the Crown of Denmark in a new War, and to take their time, when as the said King and Kingdom had put themselves out of all postures of defence, living very securely, relying upon God and upon the Peace agreed on, to overrun the said Kingdom, and( according to the Earl of Slippenbachs aforesaid dreamed of fatality, and by his own supposed decreed of Principle) first to make themselves Master of this Kingdom, and afterwards to dispute the justice of the cause.  
And amongst the rest of the seeming reasons, which the Swedes make use of, to palliate this their hostile unexpected undertaking against all right, and against the Law of Nations, as also against the sp●cial Covenants of both the Kingdoms.  
T ey allege this, as if the King of Denmarks intentions against Sweden were made apparent by several intercepted Letters, written by his majesty the King of Denmark to England, and by others written to his said majesty from Holland, by his extraordinary Deputy there, the Lord Henry Willemsen R●senvinge, the contents whereof( as they pretend) proved very prejudicial to the King of Sweden( some of which Letters were in a forcible manner taken from the Post of Coppenhaghen, but on the eighth of August last past) and that therefore he was constrained to make this invasion.  
Which Enterprise, as it was in it self unjust, so it was attempted after the said Swedish Hostile, resolved on invasion, was already put in execution, yet that all men may clearly see, and judge with the better grounds of this fact, whether or no the King of Denmarks Letters to his Agent residing at London, the Honourable Simon de Pe●kum( dated only on the sixth of August last past, and wherein his majesty gave him a bare information of what had passed since the late Pacification) could with any reason or equity have moved the King of Sweden to such an extremity, the Contents of the faid Letter is hereafter annexed, marked with the Letter L. and had been repeated in this place, but that it is held unnecessary, and as loathsome as chewed meat.  
Moreover, how could this writing into Enland with equity be alleged as a cause of these hostile attempts, in case there were any thing therein contained, which might tend to the giving of any offence? since the same came not to the King of Swedens hands, until the long since Warlike preparations were made, and that the King of Sweden, with his hostile Troops, was come into Zealand.  
Besides, there were no other Letters sent by the King of Denmark to England, save one, in the month of March, to the Lord Protector, by which an account was given to his late Highness of the late peace at Rotsc●ilt, and friendly thanks were returned, for his late Highness's interposition and mediation therein, which Letter was sent along with his said Highness extraordinary Envoy, at his return, insomuch as that the Swedes can never produce any other of his Majesties Letters unto those parts, since there were no other written.  
And for as much as concerns the writing of his said Majesties Deputy in Holland, the Lord Rosenving, as the said Letters have never been produced, nor till this very time, never were delivered to his Ma●es●ie the King of Denmark, so the contents of the same must needs be unknown to him, and cannot in any wise be prejudicial unto the King of Sweden, since in such a case, they would not have sticked to make them public. However, it is not to be presumed, that the said Extraordinary Deputy( whose good conduct and sincerity is sufficiently known) would in his said Letters have inserted any thing, save that, which might be answerable and becoming a good Minister of State, and a faithful Patriot.  
And least the misinformed may conceive, that the Swedes repeating of the King of Denmarks having ill dealt with Duke Frederick of Sleswigh, Holstein, &c. may pass for a new ground of a Quarrel.  
His majesty of Denmark knoweth nothing hereof in the least, nor hath the said Duke Frederick ever made any complaints thereon, and the contrary will easily appear by the several friendly Letters, Messages, Answers, Deputations, and the amicable Contestations which hath passed between them.  
For before the said Swedish hostile designs broke forth, and were known to the King of Denmark: by reason of the urgency and necessity of his affairs, he deputed his counsellor, governor, and High bailiff of Rensbourgh, the Lord Henry Bl●men, Knight to the said Duke Frederick, with the annexed Letter marked M, and the annexed instructions marked N, by which the particular confidence, which His majesty reposed in the said Duke doth appear: As also by his requesting the said Dukes interposition, in the attaining unto a quiet and peaceable condition, which he promiseth himself from the said Duke.  
But how real and upright the Swedish intentions have been, as concerning the said often specified Peace, and in w●at manner the same hath been observed and kept by them, not only the King of Denmarks Subjects in Holstein, Jutland, and Funen, to their ruin and undoings, have sadly experimented; but also the inhabitants of Norway, who were also comprised in the said everlasting Peace, suffered as much as the others.  
And not to specify those passages which have happened in the Provinces which the King of Denma●k by the said Peace did make over and resign to the Swedes: we shall only touch upon the sufferings of Shonen and Bleckingen, where all the young and able men, were inregistred, and by constraint were sent away unto Livonia, Porussia, Pomerania, and unto the rest of the Swedish Provinces and guarisons, there to serve in the wars.  
All which being evident and manifest, it is the more to be wondered at, how the Swedish Resi●ent Gustue D●wall, who was commissioned to reside in the Sound,( during the amicable and friendly treaties with the King of Swedens Ambassadors, should dare to aver and say, that he was deputed expressly one the behalf of his Master, to the augmenting, and establishing of an entire confidence, real amity, and all kind of neighbourly good offices betwixt both the said kings, their kingdoms, Countries, and Subjects, when as the Swedish actions do quiter and clean contradict these professions and protestations. The which is daily more and more apparent, seeing it is m●●ifest how and in what manner, since this their newly begun and continued open breach of the peace, they demean themselves( no body giving them the least occasion of offence) beyond all reason and humanity, in the Country of Pinnenbergh, in the dukedoms of Sleswigh a●d Holstein, in a most unchistianlike barbourousway, and after the Tartarian manner, by fire and flamme, pilligings, devastations, murderings, and defacing, raveanging, and sackaging the Countreys in such a wise, as that it can hardly be described in writing; and particularly by the burning and destroying of the best part of the domain of Pennenbergh, besides the Castle and whatsoever lieth between Elmes-horn and Ute●son, situated beyond the Awe, and the whole Marsh thereabouts, the domain and town of Segebery, the territories belonging to the earl of Rantzow, namely rak, and the parts adjacent, the Noble dwelling and Knightly seat Haseslow, Haselderf, and Cahden, the Cloister and village of Uterson, the town of Brouns-buttell in Ditmarsh, Edelacke in Hertz-horn, Newdorf, divers houses in the Wilster marsh, and several other places, which they have horredly abused and defaced, besides the beautiful town of Itzohoe, together with the cloister, which they had before reduced to ashes.  
Now the whole inhabitable judicious world, whether they be friends or foes, may by the aforementioned true relation, evidently perceive, that such like proceedings as these, and the afore specified hostile invasion of denmark by the Swedes, doth altogether oppugn the former agreements, and the articles of peace, and chiefly, is quiter and clean contrary to the first article of the same, by the which it was evidently and clearly agreed upon, and before all other things most solemnly ratified.  
That from hence forward betwixt both Kings, a firm everlasting and irrevocable peace is established, and that all foregoing misintelligences, war, and enmity, are laid a side, and that for the future a general act of oblivion shall be passed, and a settled friendship and neighbourhood, shall be established and preserved, in such a maner, as that both the said Kings are thereby reciprocally obliged, and engaged, to endeavour each others profit, benefit and welfare, both to farther, and improve the same. Even also in all things, which may concern the aforesaid Kings persons, governments, kingdoms, jurisdictions or subjects, so likewise should they endeavour to divert, to the utmost of their powers, all the losses prejudices, and damages, which might happen or befall their, or either of their Persons, as by the afore specified article annexed and comprised under the Letter O, may more amply appear, according to the contents of the same. As also in conformity to the peace which was afterwards concluded on betwixt the two said Kings of denmark and Sweden, at Frederike-bourgh, and by their personal amicable plighted communication together, from the 3, to the 5th. of March last past, as also by their real relying upon each others special friendship, and by the demonstrations of their brotherly love.  
Moreover by their interchanged letters, under their own hand writings( which ' ere long will also be published) and finally by the said King of Swedens so often reiterated Professions, and Protestations, of friendship, both by word of mouth and by his written letters.  
In conclusion, By all the foregoing proceedings, it is manifest that on the Swedish part, no other thing could be discerned, save that they( by a natural hatred to peace and quietness) have aimed at no less, then to find out an invention, to withdraw themselves from, and to relinquish the absolute and complete entire agreement, and the articles of Peace, which on both sides were consented, and agreed unto, with so much solemnity and integrity ratified by both parties, and which on the part of the King and Crown of Denmark was so punctually and religiously observed, and in all the points thereof performed, notwithstanding also that the said agreement was on the public faith, by the laborious, endeavers, and interposition of his most Christian Majesties Ambassador, and His Highness the Lord Protector's of England, Scotland, and Ireland's Extraordinary Envoy, mediated and concluded; as also by them subscribed, and sealed, as it doth more amply appear by the annexed Clause under the Letter P.  
Upon all which there can no other opinion be harboured, nor judgement passed by persons of unbiased, unprepossest, unpassionate, and worthy mindes, save that the Swedes, through a vehement desire to purchase and subvert foreign Kingdoms, as also with a design to subvert and destroy this said kingdom of Denmark, and so being Masters of the same, to attain unto the sole and entire Dominion of the baltic Sea; to the manifest prejudice of all those, who are interressed and, engaged in the traffic, and commerce, of those parts; Moreover by degrees to extend their Forces against the rest of the Neighbouring Princes, by the enlarging of their own Dominions, have undertaken this present violation of the Peace, and thereon made this present invasion of Denmark.  
Yet however we do trust on the Lord, and rely on the justice of our Cause, since we know ourselves innocent, and guiltless before him,( as well as before all the World) That on our parts the least wilful, express, just, or sufficient Cause, hath not been given to beget a new rapture and dissension; Putting our entire confidence in God: That he will stand by, and aid His majesty of Denmark, our gracious King, by a powerful hand and outstretched Arm. All Christian Kings, Princes, Potentates, Commonwealths and States, who are any wise interressed with the Swedes, allied unto them by Treaties, Obligations or Promises, either in the nature of Friends, or Foes, having their eyes as now sufficiently opened by the Swedes themselves, may perceive by these before related proceedings of the Swedes against Denmark, how far they may rely and trust to their former Treaties, and Agreements with them, as also to their feigned Friendship, or to their already proffered, or to be proffered Covenants, or Promises; and how great cause all men have to stand upon their own guards, and to apprehended, that in case the Swedes( setting aside, and not regarding all the respects due to Honour, Honesty, and Probity) shall be permitted to take their time( when as they shall have pretended to have calculated, and foreseen the approaching destruction and fatal Destiny of foreign Kingdoms, Principalities, States, Commonwealths, and Nations) to overrun and master the same.  
Given at Coppenhaghen the 29. September, Anno 1658.   

The annexed Extract of such Articles of the Pacification, and other Letters specified in the foregoing Relation, as do conduce to the better understanding of the same, and whereunto Reference is made according to the Marginal Alphabetical Letters. viz.  

A. page. 2. Extract of the Treaty of Peace betwixt the Kings of Denmark and Sweden, made at Reschilt, the 26. of February. Anno 1657. / 1658.  
ANd to the end that the evacuation, and enterchanging of the before mentioned Provinces, Towns, and strong places may the better be effected on both sides, both parties have agreed, that so soon as the 2000 horse( which the King of Denmark hereby acknowledgeth to deliver to the King of Sweden) shall be so delivered; the Swedish army shall immediately march out of Zealand, after which, Helsenbourgh shall be yielded up on the 27. of February, Landscron on the 28. and Malmeu on the first of March: On the 4. of the same month Christianstadt shall be delivered to the Swedish Plenipotentiaries; and on the same day Naxchan shall be yielded to the Danish Commissioners; at which time a so, the Swedish Army shall march out of Laland, Falster, and Langland. On the 15 of March, the delivering of Christianopel in Blecking, as also of Bornholm shall be effected, in case it be possible, and the weather will permit the same. So likewise shall Bahuse be yielded up on the 28: and on the first of May, Druntheim, Yempterland, and Bremerfeurd, together with all the other places, which, during the time of the war, were taken by the King of Denmark( in what parts soever they shall or may be situated) shall be restored to the Swedish Commissioners; in regard whereof all the King of Swedens Army shall, on that very day, begin to march out of Funen, Jutland, Sleswigh, Holstein, Stormar, and Ditmarsh; as also out of all Islands, Fortresses, Noblemen, and Gentlemens Houses whatsoever, by what Names, or Appellations they are known, or called; and on the same day, viz. the first of May, the strong places of Fredericks odd, Pinnenberg, Halsconse, and all other places, wheresoever they shall, or may be situated, which during the wars are fallen into the possession of the Swedes, shall be redelivered unto the Danish Commissioners: And at the same time likewise, the iceland of Alsen, with Sunderbourgh, and Northbourgh, shall be quitted and resigned to their right owners: In the same manner, all whatsoever, within the said Kingdoms, Provinces, Dukedoms, and Islands, shall be found to have been taken by either Party, shall be restored and delivered to the right Owners, in the same manner, as if the same were expressly mentioned, and specified herein.   

B. page. 3. Extract of the said Pacification. Artic. 17.  
TO the end likewise, that the Inhabitants be not oppressed or forced to any unreasonable thing, at the time of the exchanging the said Fortresses, or the drawing off of the soldiery, out of the Provinces, and Towns, at the prefixed, and limited times, Commissioners on both sides shall be present, who shall take a special care, that nothing shall be taken away from the Inhabitants by force, nor suffer any injury to be offered unto them. And whereas, the Swedish Army is to be entertained with their necessary diet, as long as they are to remain in these parts, so likewise, all necessary orders, and good discipline shall be observed, and kept therein. Neither shall there any exactions, or impositions of war, of what nature soever, be required of, and forced upon the Inhabitants, save only such accommodations, as the soldiery shall stand in need of, for their bare maintenance, as long as they are to be in these parts; according to the orders, which shall be hereon settled by the Commissioners appointed thereunto on both sides.   

C. page. 4. Article the 22.  
THe King of Denmark shall give reasonable satisfaction, according to equity, unto the Duke of Sleswigh, Holstein and Gottorp; whereupon Commissioners on both sides,( to wit, of the King of Denmarks, and of the said Dukes) shall treat.   

D page. 5. Article the 21.  
THe foregoing treaties, as namely that at Stetin, Sorode, and Bremsbroe, which have been assented unto by both these Crowns, shall remain in full force, and be unalterable in all and every of their articles, in the same manner, as they were before the beginning of this war, and even as if they were herein resumed, and repeated from word to word, unless they should chance to be expressly altered by this said Treaty.   

E page. 6. Article the 3.  
TO which purpose it is agreed betwixt us, and on both sides Promised, that we shall not permit or suffer any foreign hostile Fleet of ships( belonging to any whomsoever) to pass through the Sound, or Belt into the Eastern Seas, but that each party shall on his behalf hinder and oppugn the same, according to all his power and might.   

F page. 7. Article the 6.  
IN likemanner on the behalf of the King and Crown of Denmark, the Castle and Domain of Bahuz. As also the House and Lordship of Druntheim with all the towns, Castles, and Forts thereunto belonging, and likewise all the ecclesiastical and temporal goods, Offices, and Emoluments, which of right appertain thereunto, and such as formerly have had any dependency on the same, both by water, and by land, are quitted and made over to the King and Crown of Sweden, to remain in Possession of, and unto the said Crown, as an inheritance for ever, according to the tenor of such letters, and Patents of Resignation, as shall be made thereon, by the said King of Denmark, and his Senators, signed by them both ' in the same form and tenor as concerning the other lands, and Provinces, which are specified in the following article, and are to be ●esigned accordingly, as by the said Letters Patents more amply appear.   

G page. 13. Article the 14.  
ANd as those strong places, which on both sides have been taken during this war, as well as those, which by this Treaty of Peace are to be yielded up, shall be delivered barely, and without Guns, so likewise it is agreed and concluded, that the Peasants in the Territories, where such Fortresses and Strong places are situated, shall be bound to transport and carry all the Guns, ammunitions, and provisions, to such a Shore or cost, whence they shall or may be best put on shipboard and transported.   

H page. 9. copy of a Letter from the Danish Field Marshall, the Lord Everstein, to the Swedish mayor General Botticher, whereby the delivery of the remaining horse is again and again proffered.  
Honoured mayor general.  
I Received your second letter dated yesterday, wherein you do urge the delivery of 560 horse, and whereunto the annexed letter dated at Gottorp doth relate: I do very much wonder how you can make your account upon 560 horse, whereas in your former three letters, you do only say, that you had order to receive but 400 horse, of the 1000, which remained to be delivered unto the King of Sweden. And the rather because the King my Master hath written unto me, that the King of Sweden was content to receive the 1000 remaining horse in two regiments under the command of Colonel Guldenleew, to wit: 500 of them in Jutland, of colonel Brokenhusens Regiment, and the remaining 500 in Holstein, That Lieutenant general Horn should receive those in Jutland, and yourself those in Holstein, and therewith to remain satisfied, which ought accordingly to stand good. I have likewise seen by the said annexed Paper, That the mayor general is required, to demand a specification concerning those horse which are to be delivered about the parts of Gluckstadt, as that they should be all Germain Souldiers and no Danes, nor no patched nor ragged men to be slipped in amongst them, but that they might be good men, well mounted, against which there might be no exceptions to be taken; Now whereas there are no horse to be delivered by those of Gluckstadt, but by his majesty the King of Denmark my Master, I attribute it to the zeal of the indicture, who rather choose to mention those of Gluckstadt, then to nominate the King my Master. As for myself I was not born at Gluckstadt, however they are honest men; Nor am I so great a stranger to the world, as that my name should be unknown: And as concerning the Souldry that they should be no Danes but germans, and especially well hors'd, I do return this answer, that I doubt not but the King of Sweden as being well ver'st in the military discipline, and by reason thereof become famous, will in height of discretion be satisfied with the delivery of 500 such horse, as shall be furnished with suitable arms, such as may be warrantable and passable in an army. In reference whereunto I shall punctually obey my King and Masters command, and am ready to deliver the said 500 horse. Moreover I cannot conceive that there hath been occasion given to treat the whole Danish Nation, amid whom there are as honest men, as amongst other Nations, and unto whose King I am engaged by oath, with such scornful language, as if there were occasion to shuffell them in amongst the rest of the men, and not to produce and proffer them in a public way: Nor can I perceive by the King of Swedens instructions to the Auditor general, that he stands upon such harsh formalities. And as Colonel Guldenlow cannot be in two places at once, I must therefore redemand him back again, and I will by an express sand you word by the first, on what day the said desired 500 horse shall be delivered. Thus much I thought good to return you by way of answer, committing you to God, remaining, &c. Gluckstadt the 7 of July 1658. P. S. In case it pleaseth the mayor general the delivery of the said Regiment can be performed without delay against Monday next.   

I copy of the King of Swedens Letter to the palgrave of Sultzhagh, concerning the evacuation and clearing of the Territories of Rensbourgh.  
CHarles Gustave by the Grace of God King of Sweden, &c. After our friendly greeting, &c. You must needs remember what we formerly wrote unto you from Fredericks bourgh concerning the Territories of Rensbourgh: And whereas the Danish Ambassador, Off●e Juel, at present with us, hath amongst other things lately also exhibited this aggrievance, and complaint, that notwithstand- the Domains of Re●sbourgh are well nigh quiter ruined by the foregoing exactions, yet nevertheless they are constrained to be burdened with enquarterings and marches. We therefore do once more desire, you will take care, that the said Domains of Rensbourgh may be totally freed, as well from those enquarterings, which it seems the Officers have taken upon themselves to make in those parts, at their own pleasure, as also from all other exactions, and oppressions, that so they may entirely enjoy the exemption by us granted. Recommending unto your care to have the same performed in a more punctual manner and way then formerly, and commending you to God, &c. Given at Gottenbourgh the 2. May. Signed charles Gustave.  
That this copy agrees with the Original, I do testify the same. Signed Ludwigh Sinhgbagh.   

K copy of a letter written by his majesty the King of Denmark to the Palgrave of Sultzbach, concerning the cessation of the Swedish Militar oppressions, committed after the ratification of the Peace.  
FRedrik the third by the grace of God King of Denmark, &c. Heigh born Prince, &c.  
We had well hoped that our subjects after so many, and military oppressions should at present have been made partakers of, and enjoyed that peace, which is concluded between ourself, and our friendly Cousen, Brother, and Neighbour, the King of Sweden, but we are constrained to our great grief to understand, that notwithstanding the said King of Sweden, did promise to free all our Marsh-lands and Territories, as also our Domains of Rensbourgh, from all enquarterings whatsoever. Your Lordship hath nevertheless charged our said Domains therewith, and in like manner that also under pretence of getting in the remaining contributions, you are fallen into our Southern Ditmarsh. Moreover that contrary to the articles of agreement, and the said Pacification, new regiments are inquartered in the here before mentioned dukedoms, and that others which do not quarter therein, have not- have notwithstanding exacted their subsistence, and maintenance therein; of which ill treatments and abuses( being contrary to the King of Swedens promises) we are bound to complain unto him: mean while we do hereby desire your Lordship, that you will debar them from exacting the remainining pretended contributions, which are impossible to be brought in by our subjects, since they are exhausted to the very Skins. That you will free the Marshlands and our Domains of Rensborough from all enquarterings and exactations, and not suffer them to be oppressed with the maintaintaining of any other forces, save those who have their quarters therein. But that to the contrary you will cause good discipline and Orders to be observed, that so the poor Inhabitants may stay at home to follow their vocations, that people may travail with safety, and that thereby the trade and commerce, may be continued, whereon we shall rely, and commit you herewith to the Allmighties Protection. Given at Coppenhaghen the 31 of March, Anno. 1658.   

L copy of his Majesties the King of Denmarks letter to the Honourable Simon de Pe●kum, His Agent in England, Residing at London, being dated the 6 of August 1658, from Coppenhaghen.  
FRederick the Third, by the Grace of God, King of Denmark, and Norway of the vandals, and goths, Duke of Sleswigh, Holstein, &c.  
Worthy, Trusty, and well beloved: We doubt not but that even in England, all men are of opinion, that in reference unto the late Treaty the withdrawing of the Swedish army out of our Territories should have been performed on the first day of the month of May last past, according unto the contents of the articles of Peace. But whereas they as yet continue, and do remain in our Lands and Territories, to their utter desolation, It may be those who are not acquainted with the true causes thereof, may impute the reasons of the said delays to us; wherefore we have thought fitting to give you an ample information thereon, by the annexed Papers. To the end, that you may withall possible speed make your addresses to his Highnesse the Lord Protector, that the late Peace made between us, and the King of Sweden on the public faith, and by the Meditation of the Lord Protector may be observed and performed, and that our poor subjects( who are exhausted to the last farthing) may not any more be oppressed with contributions and exactions. But that the soulderie may be so far drawn off out of our Dominions, as that our Subjects and ourselves may enjoy the fruits of the said Peace, since even in the midst of the greatest flames of war, our oppressions were not so great nor burdensome, as they are at present, seeing on our parts we have fully complied with all those particulars, which are contained in the Treaty and articles of Peace concluded on at Roschilt, by the delivery up of the Provinces of Shonen and Bleking, with all the strong places therein, the Domains of Bahuz, and Druntheim( both which Territories contain the half of the limits of our kingdom of Norway) having evacuated and quitted the fortresses of Bremerfeurde having delivered in the 2000 horse, having satisfied and given full content to Duke Fredrike of Sleswigh, Holstein, and Gottorp, having made restitution of the Salt ships and of all their loadings, and besides have fully complied on our behalves, with all wharsoever was comprised, and contained, in the articles of Peace, which were made Rotschilt; Over and above which we have remitted unto the King of Sweden, the Isle of Ween, although the same doth not at all belong unto the Province of Shonen, only for Peace, and quietness sake, whereas to the contrary on the behalf of the King of Sweden, the Isles of Fumen, and Langland, all Jutland, with the principalities of Sleswigh, and Holstein have not been restored to us, but are at this very present time, most heavily and sadly oppressed, and burdened by the whole body of the Swedish Fieldarmy, whereby several of the Inhabitants of the said parts have been constrained to desert their habitations, and livings, and to let them run to ruin, and those who are remained in their said dwellings, are ready to despair, and must fall under the heavy oppressions, and burdens of the war, so that we cannot as yet imagine, what the end hereof will prove, nor what the issue will be, unless the highly valued authority and interposition of the Lord Protector( by whose mediation the Peace was made, and upon whose warrant we were willing to comply with the same) do induce tde King of Sweden to harbour other thoughts, and to quit our Dominions. And in case on the swedish behalf it should be objected that the business concerning the Guine a-booty, is not yet concluded; however we have proffered that satisfaction thereon, which was beyond reason, or equity to be demanded, or expected, notwithstanding the Swedes have not made an end thereof, either of, or on, wherefore they are not to be excused in letting this whole Army lie thus heavy upon us, after the ratification of Peace, despoiling our Dominions to the uttermost. and beyond all sense, or considerations, bereaving us of all our powers, incommings, and revenues. It is therefore our absolute will and pleasure, 1. that you make your earnest address to the Lord Protector, and move him, as well by his letters as ambassadors, to obtain from the King of Sweden, that without any further delays his Armies may be drawn of out o● our Kingdoms, according unto equity and reason, and in reference to the contents of the late Articles of agreement, which we do promise ourselves, and do expect an undoubted answer hereunto, and remain, with the continuance of our Kingly favour towards you, &c. Given at our place of residence in Coppenhaghen on the 6 of August 1658.   

M copy of his majesty the King of Denmarks Letter dated the 6. of August, 1658. from Coppenhaghen, to Duke Frederick of Sleswigh, Holstein, &c. to desire him to contribute towards the marching away of the Swedes, and to admit of, and assist therein the Lord Henry Bluhmen, sent by his majesty to that purpose:  
FRederick the third, &c. We have sent the Honourable Henry Bluhmen to consult with your Highness, and your chief Ministers, how our common duchy, and Territories, may be delivered from the untolerable burdens of the enquarterings of the Swedish Forces, and according to the Articles of agreement, once to be freed from them, as also to inform your Highness, on what terms the Treaties here, betwixt our Deputies, and Senators, and betwixr the King of Swedens Ambassadors, are depending, and how we do conform ourselves thereunto according to all equity, and reason. And moreover to request your Highness, that you would be pleased by a line or two under your own hand, and by the sending of a Messenger of your own with the same, to contribute by your highly valued interposition, that our Dominions, and Subjects may be preserved from their evident ruin at hand, and may again enjoy an assured rest, and peace. And as your own, a●d your Subjects interests are herein highly concerned; and that the j●●●●●n●abitants do groan under the burden of the said heavy op●●●●●●●● and untolerable extortions, weeping under the calamity they are in; We therefore do promise ourselves, that you will contribute whatsoever lies in your power, which may conduce towards the procuring of the said Armies departure, and that you will assist our present counsellor, and Deputy, herein; to the end, that he may the better, and more efficaciously represent the same unto the King of Sweden, unto whom We have likewise commanded him, to make it known; As also that he may with more speed attain the effecting of the same, according as the necessity and urgency of the business requires, which courtesy We shall endeavour to require, to aclowledge, and to thank your Highness for, and therewith remain, &c.   

N. copy of His majesty the King of Denmarks Instructions, which He gave to His Deputy sent to the Duke of Gottorp, dated the 6. of August. 1658.  
FRederick the Third, &c. Trusty and well beloved councillor, We have thought it fit and expedient, once for all, to endeavour the freeing of our Dukedoms and Territories from those heavy and intolerable enquarterings, as also to deliver our Marsh Lands( which are appointed, and set aside for the maintenance of our Fortresses and garrisons) from those heavy Oppressions, and burdens under which they lie, by the Exactions of those Regiments, which are newly rushed into the same; that so our garrisons may not any longer be deprived of their livelihoods. Committing, and deputing you thereunto, and requiring you to go to Gottorp, with these our Letters, the copy whereof is annexed, and to deliver them, with the usual compliments on our behalf, to Duke Frederick, with whom you are to negotiate with speed the contents thereof, and to procure of the said Duke, to sand somebody with you to the King of Sweden, and to writ a Letter to him, which if you cannot obtain, however, we will, that you immediately repair unto the said King, and deliver unto him our Letter, and at an appointed Audience, after such due compliments, as we leave to your own discretion, to use all possible endeavours with the said King, that the Peace which was lately made betwixt Us and the said King, on the public Faith, and by the Mediation of the King of France, and the Lord Protector of England, &c. may be observed, and kept: and that our Subjects,( exhausted to the very last extremity) may not any longer be oppressed by contributions, entertainings, and quarterings of Souldiers, but that the Armies may be so far drawn off, that both we and themselves may effectually, and at length, enjoy the fruits of the said concluded, ratified Peace; since our Subjects were never so hard put to it, as at present, no not during the fiercest of the Wars: Not considering, that we on our parts, by the delivery of the Provinces of Shonen, and Bleking, with all the strong places therein, the Domains of Bahu●e and Druntheim,( both which Territories contain the one half of the Limits of our Kingdom of Norway. Moreover by our evacuation of Yempterland, and our quitting the Fortress of Bremerfeurd, our delivering up the 2000 horse, our satisfying and contenting Duke Frederick of Sleswigh, Holstein, and Gottorp, and have complied in full with whatsoever was contained in the Articles of Peace. Moreover besides all that, to preserve and continue Peace, and quietness, we have made over to the King of Sweden the iceland of Ween, although the same hath no dependency at all upon the Province of Shonen. Whereas to the contrary, on the behalf of the said King, the Isles of Funen and Langland, all Yutland, with the Principalities of Holstein, Sleswigh, have not been restored unto us, but are at this very present time, most heavily, and sadly oppressed, and burned, by the whole body of the Swedish Field-Army, whereby several of the Inhabitants of the said parts have been constrained to desert their habitations, and livings, and to let them go to ruin, and those who are remained in their said dwellings, are ready to despair, and must needs fall under the heavy oppressures, and burdens of the War; in regard whereof we do earnestly entreat the said King to take to heart the great desolation, oppression, and sad complaints of the country People, and according to the Articles of Peace, to give orders for the marching away of those Forces, which were to depart on the first of May, without any further delay; that so our poor distressed subjects might at length enjoy Peace, and quietness.  
We can easily conjecture( as it hath also been  told us by others) that the King of Sweden will lay the fault on us, as if the Treaties had been so long time here protracted, and not as yet brought to any conclusion; Therefore we have deemed it fitting, to add hereunto whatsoever hath been negotiated, from the beginning to this very time, for your better instruction, that you may be the better provided to answer this or that objection. As concerning the Guinea satisfaction, we have proffered more then is reasonable; and we are ready to do as much on the remaining undebated particulars: wherefore the Swedes are not to be excused, in letting their whole army lie thus heavy upon us, after the ratification of the Peace. despoiling our Dominions to the uttermost, and beyond all sense, or consideration, bereaving us of all our Powers, and Revenues together.  
We are also advertised, that the King of Sweden hath harboured some Jealousies concerning the Dutch Ambassadors, the Lord Beunings intimacy with us, and hath thereon taken an impression, that we are entred upon some private Treaty to the prejudice of the Crown of Sweden. Hereupon you may assure his majesty with all confidence, and in truth, that we never harboured such a thought, only have conferred with him on the continuing, and hastening of the Peace.  
' And what more you shall find fitting to say, or allege, conducing to the drawing away of the soldiery, we leave that to your fidelity, and we have likewise commanded our Councellors, and our Commissary General at Gluckstadt, to communicate unto you those aggrievances which they have there suffered, and to propound unto you the best ways, whereby they may be remedied, that you may jointly exhibit them to the King of Sweden, and seek their redress, and you shall be very urgent, and pressing, that you may be dispatched, as to the several Particulars, with full, and absolute resolves, not regarding your staying by the King of Swedens Person, in case there shall be occasion to give an account of any thing to Us; we have thought good to sand you, only as a Deputy or Envoy, to avoid Ceremonies, not doubting but our Letters will give you Credence enough. But, and if at your being at Gottorp, there shall be any proposals made, how and in what manner our Dukedoms may separately be exempted from those burdens, you shall accept of the same, only to advice thereon, and shall sound the Dukes mind, and resolutions therein; and in regard the Dukedom of Holstein is a Province of the Roman Empire, and a member thereof, it cannot( according to the imperial and Provincial Constitutions) be oppressed, or burdened, without any reason at all, or occasion given, by a foreign Prince. As to the rest we r●mit it to your judicious Capacity, and remain, &c.   

O Article the First.  
IN the first place there shall be betwixt both King● their Successors, K●ngdoms, Countries, Servants, Subjects, and Inhabitants of, and in Denmark, Norway, and Sweden, a firm, perpetual, and irrevo●able Peace, in such a manner, as that all misunderstandings, dissensions, strifes, quarrels, enmities, Wars, and Hostilities shall cease, and be ended, as also all those things which have passed on both sides, as well before, as during this war, shall( by virtue of a general amnesty, or act of oblivion, comprising all whatsoever is is past) be forgotten, and no more spoken of, or remembered; but to the contrary, there shall be a firm amity, confidence, union, and true neighbourhood settled; in such a manner, as that both parties shall endeavour to advance, and promote the others good, and welfare, both in words, and deeds, as if it were their own, and shall prevent, and hinder all whatsoever may prove prejudicial, and hurtful to each others Persons, Governments, Kingdoms, Countreys, and Subjects.   

P Extract of the Swedish Articles of Peace with the King of Denmark, at the end of the 28. article, translated out of the Swedish Tongue.  
FOr the better manifestation, and the greater assurance, that all whatsoever is before specified, is thus in the several points thereof, by us done, agreed unto, and concluded upon, and that on the behalf of his Majesty our most gracious King, and the Crown of Sweden, it shall be faithfully, inviolably kept, and performed, as also that the Ratification thereof shall by Us be exhibited, and delivered in, at a certain appointed day; We have subscribed the same with our own hand writings, and thereunto have applied our Seals. Desiring moreover, both the Ordinary Ambassador of the King of France, and the Extraordinary Envoy of his Highness the Lord Protector of England, Scotland, and Ireland( as having been Mediators in this Peace) to be pleased for the better confirmation, and more essential testimony of the same, to subscribe, and seal it jointly with us. Done at Rotschilt on the 26. of Febr. in the Year of our Lord 1658. Signed thus, Le Chevalier Terlon, Corfitz Earl of Ulefelt, Philip Meadow, Steno Bielke. Each with a Seal, &c.   
FINIS.