A Necessary ABSTRACT OF THE LAWS Relating to the MILITIA, Reduced into A Practical Method. To which is added, INSTRUCTIONS For Exercising the Trained Bands. London; Printed for Robert Vincent in Cliffords-Inn-Lane in Fleet-street, 1691. THis ABSTRACT may be Printed, May 16, 1691. Hen. Pollexfen. To his Grace, the most Noble Prince HENRY Duke of norfolk, Earl Marshal of England, Knight of the most Noble Order of the Garter, and One of the Lords of Their Majesties most Honourable Privy Council, &c. May it please your Grace, TO permit your Illustrious Name to be placed in the Front of this Abstract, which is designed to no other end, but to show, that the Militia( established by Acts of Parliament) may be useful in all the several Counties of this Kingdom, as that part,( within your Graces more peculiar Province,) has appeared to be, at very short Warnings, in more than two or three Instances; which( without Flattery,) must be ascribed to your Graces particular Directions and Personal Views, no less than to the active Diligence of your Deputy Lieutenants. And when your Grace( in the late Reign) refused to put out those Deputy Lieutenants, who would not comply with the Questions and Instructions( sent at that time from the Court) or to give Deputations to Roman catholics, and others( nominated to your Grace.) It appeared( when those surprising Orders were given for restoring such who had been on that account put out of Commission,) that your Graces Deputy Lieutenants of norfolk, Surrey, Berks, and Norwich, were the only Deputy Lieutenants who remained capable to act without new Commissions. There is one thing more may be added, showing your Graces Care to render the trained Bands, now under your Command, fit for Service; That soon after Their Majesties happy access to the Throne,( when Occasion required,) your Grace gave in your Lists, consisting of Eight Regiments, and Six Independent Companies, of Foot, and Eleven Troops of Horse( above 10000 Men complete) including the Borough of Southwark, that had taken the Oaths appointed by Act of Parliament in the First Year of Their Majesties Reign: Whom, that GOD Almighty will long Preserve, as also your Grace, with Health and Felicity, is the Prayer of one of Your Graces Most Devoted and Obedient SERVANTS. To the Deputy Lieutenants, and Commission Officers of the trained Bands. WHereas not long since great Endeavours had been used to render the Militia of this Kingdom useless; and an Account, of the Annual Charge every County was liable to by the Acts of Parliament, was demanded, in order to the keeping on Foot so many( more) Forces in constant Pay, as the said expense would have defrayed. To the end therefore the said Militia may not seem so useless, this Method is compiled; in the doing whereof no new thing is offered, but only a placing of such Authorities and Directions, as are contained in the several Acts, under respective Heads, for the more ready charging of Estates, and putting the whole in Execution, at such Times and Places as there may be Occasion, to charge Estates, impose Penalties, hear Complaints, qualify Persons, and Train or Exercise, when the Acts of Parliament, at large, may not be at hand; which is all that is designed by the publishing this Abstract. And it is presumed, that none will be Offended at the Annexing an Exercise of Arms, which may be useful, and be practised by the Trained Bands, without Offence to the Royal Army. Advertisement. BLank Deputations, Commissions, Warrants to Levy and Collect the Weekly Tax, or Trophy-money, and Receipts for the same; also several sorts of Blanks relating to Sheriffs and Justices of the Peace, and divers other sorts of Blanks of a general Concern; Are Printed for R. Vincent in Cliffords-Inn-Lane in Fleet-street. The TABLE. ARMS and Ammunition, page.. 30, 31, 32. Abilities how examined. 16 Arms seized, how restored. 43 Commissions to be from Lord-Lieutenants. 3 Constables to furnish Arms. 17 Complaints to be heard. 25 Carts and Carriages. 29 Constables and Officers Civil to be aiding. 43, 44 D. Deputy-Lieutenants, Officers, and Soldiers must be Sworn. 6 Deputy-Lieutenants Powers. 14 Deputy-Lieutenants to Train-Forces. 26 Deputy-Lieutenants and Officers to obey lord-lieutenants. 5, 6 Duplicates of Tax to be return'd to Quarter-Sessions. 24 E. Estates, how to be charged, 14, 15, 16. F. Forces in Cities and Corporations. 17 L. Lord-Dieute. to be Sworn, 2 Lord-Lieutenants Powers. 3, 4 M. Musters. 26, 27 Muster-masters Duty. 40 Muster-master to be an Inhabitant of the County. 40 Muster-masters Pay. 41 Oaths to be taken. 10, 11, 12. Officers of Foot excused finding to Horse or Foot. 38 P. Peers how to be Charged. 4 Peers Houses to be searched. 5 Penalties how Levied. Penalty for not finding Horse. 20 For not delivering Horse &c. 21 For not appearing. 22, 23 Pay to Inferior Officers. 24 Pay for a Month to be advanced. 27, 29 Penalty in default of Pay. 36 Persons executing powers of the Acts Indemnified. 44 Proviso, as to Corporations. 47 S. Soldiers Names to be given in and to be approved by their Captain. 35 Search Persons suspect. 42, 43 Soldiers subject to Discipline of War. 39 svit or Action, when to be brought. 45 T. Treasurers Clerks. 25 Tenants to furnish for Landlord. 19 Tax, how Levied 23 โ˜ž Note, That where the Parag. stands with Figures only, the same denotes the Paragraphs of the preceding Acts, viz. either 13 & 14 Car. 2. or 15 Car. 2. A Necessary ABSTRACT OF THE LAWS Relating to the MILITIA. THat the King's most Excellent Majesty, His Heirs and Successors, shall and may, from time to time, as Occasion shall require, issue forth Commissions of Lieutenancy to such Persons as he and they shall think fit to be Lieutenants( who, if Peers, are styled Lord-Lieutenants,) and may at Pleasure Appoint or Displace all Officers and Deputy-Lieutenants. 13.14. Car. 2. Parag. 2. Of the Power of the Lord-Lieutenant. That no Person, being a Peer, shall be capable of Acting as Lord-Lieutenant or Deputy-Lieutenant, till Sworn before Six( at least) Lords of the Privy Council, or such as His Majesty, His Heirs and Successors, shall appoint to Administer the same. Parag. 18. The Lord-Lieutenant may Constitute, Appoint, and give Commissions to such Persons as he shall think fit to be Deputy Lieutenants, Colonels, Majors, Captains, and other Commission Officers: And shall present to His Majesty the Names of such Persons as he shall so constitute his Deputy-Lieutenants. Parag. 2. And is to Appoint Treasurers or Clerks for receiving and paying all such moneys as shall be levied by virtue of the said Act. Parag. 12. The Lord-Lieutenant has Power and Authority to call together all the Trained Bands, at such times, and to arm, array, and form them into Companies, Troops, and Regiments; and in case of Insurrection, Rebellion, or Invasion, to led, or cause to be led, conducted and employed, as well within their respective Counties, Cities, and Places, as into any other, according as he shall receive Direction from His Majesty, His Heirs and Successors. Parag. 2. No Peer is to be Charged to Horse or Foot, nor Assessed, but by Twelve, or Six, of such Peers as shall be appointed by the King for that purpose. But when Peers have been once so Charged and Assessed, then the Penalties may be levied and laid( as in such Cases is required,) by the Deputy-Lieutenants, and for want of Satisfaction in a week the Distress may be sold, rendering the overplus. No Dwelling of any Peer of this Realm is to be preached but by immediate Warrant from His Majesty under the Sign Manual, or in the Presence of the Lord-Lieutenant, or one Deputy-Lieutenant of the same Division. Parag. 33. All Deputy-Lieutenants, Commission Officers, Constables, and other Officers or Ministers, Civil as well as Military, are to observe and obey such Orders and Directions, as they shall from time to time receive from the Lord-Lieutenant, for putting in Execution the Powers given by the Acts. Parag. 13. Of Oaths, of Powers to Charge Estates, of Levying Taxes, of Musters, of Exercise, and Training. That all Deputy-Lieutenants, Officers and Soldiers, ought to be Sworn before they act in their respective Capacities, the Lord-Lieutenant, or one Justice of Peace of the same County, may administer the Oaths to Deputy-Lieutenants; and two Deputy-Lieutenants( when Sworn) may administer the Oaths to officers and Soldiers. Par. 19. By the Act 25 Car. 2. for preventing Dangers from Popish Recusants, it is Enacted, That all and every Person and persons, that shall enter into any Office Military, shall take the Oaths, and Subscribe the Declaration, in the High Court of Chancery, or Court of Kings Bench at Westminster, or at the Quarter-Sessions, within three months after Admittance into, or receiving, their Authority or Employment, at which time, every Person( so to be sworn) must deliver a Certificate under the Hands of the respective Minister and Churchwarden, where he receives, and must make proof of the said Certificate, by two Witnesses, upon Oath; all which is to be put upon Record, or else such Office to be voided: But if any Person shall execute any Office after neglecting to be sworn as aforesaid, and thereupon be lawfully convicted, such shall be uncapable and disabled to sue or use any Action, or prosecute any svit, or be Executor or Administrator, &c. and shall forfeit the Sum of 500 l. to be recovered by him or them that shall sue for the same. Proviso, That the said Act shall not extend to the Office of High Constable, Constable, tithingman, Headborough, Overseer of the Poor, Church Warden, or any inferior Civil Officer, or any Office of Forester, Keeper, or Bailiff of any Mannor or Lands. The Oaths appointed to be taken by 1 Wilielmi & Mariae, in the stead and place of the Oath of Allegiance and Supremacy. I A. B. do sincerely Promise and Swear, That I will be Faithful, and bear True Allegiance to Their Majesties King William and Queen Mary. So help me God. I A. B. do Swear, That I do from my Heart Abhor, Detest, Abjure, as Impious and Heretical, that Damnable Doctrine and Position, That Princes Excommunicated or Deprived by the Pope, or any Authority of the See of Rome, may be Deposed or murdered by their Subjects, or any other whatsoever; and I do declare, That no Foreign Prince, Person, Prelate, State or Potentate, hath, or ought to have, any Power, Jurisdiction, Superiority, pre-eminence, or Authority, Ecclesiastical or Spiritual within this Realm. So help me God. I A. B. do declare and believe, That it is not Lawful, upon any pretence whatsoever, to take Arms against the King, and that I do abhor that traitorous Position, that Arms may be taken by His Authority against His Person, or against those that are Commissionated by him in pursuance of such Military Commissions. So help me God. The Declaration which is to be made and subscribed by every Person concerned in taking the Oaths, which are to be registered at the Quarter-Sessions. I A. B. do declare, That I do believe that there is not any Transubstantiation in the Sacrament of the Lords Supper, or in the Elements of Bread and Wine, At, or After, the Consecration thereof, by any Person whatsoever. The Deputy-Lieutenants, or the mayor part of them, or three, or in some cases two, may put in execution the Powers of the said Acts, in the Absence of the Lord Lieutenant. Parag. 2. Three Deputy Lieutenants may Charge any Person or Persons with Horse, Horseman and Arms, or Foot Soldiers and Arms. That 500 l. per Annum in Possession, or 6000 l. Stock,( besides household Furniture) is to find a Horse, Man, and Arms; and so after that rate at Discretion. That 50 l. per Annum in Possession, or 600 l. Stock,( other than Stock upon Ground,) is to find a Foot Soldier and Arms; and so after that rate at Discretion for Estates or Revenues, greater or lesser, and by joining two, three, or more Persons together, as the Deputy Lieutenants, or mayor part present, shall think fit. Provided no Person be charged to Horse and Foot in the same County. Parag. 3. That any Person, having 100 l. per Annum in Possession, or 1200 l. value in Personal Estate, or under 2400 l. value( chargeable by the said Act,) may be charged to Horse or Foot at Discretion, per Act 15 Car. 2. Parag. 18. Provided, That no Person, that has not 100 l. per Annum in Possession or 1200 l. value in Personal Estate, shall be compellable towards the finding of Horse 13 & 14. Par. 5. Nor shall any Estate of 200 l. per Annum in Possession, or Personal Estate of 2400 l. value, be chargeable to the finding of Foot. 15. Par. 18. Deputy Lieutenants, three or more, may examine upon Oath, for discovery of the Ability of Persons to be assessed and charged, and all misdemeanours tending to the hindrance of the said Service. 13, 14. Parag. 11. And may give redress according to the Merits of the Cause. Parag. 5. Yet nevertheless this shall not be construed to extend to make any Alteration concerning the Forces to be raised or charged in Cities, Corporations, and Port Towns. 15. Parag. 18. Three Deputy Lieutenants may appoint Constables to provide and furnish sufficient Foot Arms( with Wages and other incident Charges,) as they shall assess and charge upon Revenues under 50 l. per Annum, or Personal Estates less than 600 l. value, according to the Rules and Proportions of the said Acts by a Pound Rate. And may inflict a Penalty of 40 s. for every Omission of any Constable. Parag. 4. And if any Person, so ranted, shall refuse or neglect to provide, or pay according to the proportion( ranted and signed by Deputy Lieutenants,) it shall be lawful for Constable, by Warrant for that purpose, to levy the same by Distress and Sale. Parag. 5. Where Persons to be charged do not reside in the same County, Notice under Hand and Seal of three Deputy Lieutenants to the General Agent, or one or two sufficient Tenants, shall be sufficient, and they are to return Answer from the Landlord, or else to provide and do as the Landlord in such case ought to do; and in case of refusal or neglect, upon every default, are to pay like Penalties. 13 & 14. Parag. 16. That all such Tenants may defaulk what they shall so necessary expend out of such Rents as shall be next due to their Landlord, and shall be indemnified by the said Acts, unless the Landlord make appear, within two months, that the Default and Penalty was occasioned by wilful neglect of the Tenant. Parag. 17. Provided, that the Act extend not to avoid Covenants between Landlord and Tenant, concerning the finding of Horses or Arms, or paying Rates and Taxes. Parag. 29. Three Deputy Lieutenants may inflict a Penalty of 20 l. on such as refuse or neglect to furnish sufficient Horse, Horse-man and Arms, and other Furniture; or may cause to be levied such Sum or Sums of Money, or value of such Horse, Arms, and Furniture to be employed to the said Uses. Parag. 9. And may impose a Penalty of 5 l. on such as refuse or neglect to sand or deliver their Horse, Arms and Furniture. Parag. 10. And in like manner a Penalty of 5 l. on such as refuse or neglect to provide and furnish sufficient Foot Soldier and Arms. 1โ—. Parag. 3. And for default of Appearance at beat of Drum, sound of Trumpet, or other Summons, two Deputy Lieutenants may imprison five days, or inflict a Penalty of Twenty Shillings on a Horseman, and Ten Shillings on a Foot Soldier, to be immediately paid down. And may imprison such as detain and imbezel Horse, Arms, or Furniture, till satisfaction be made. 13 & 14. Parag. 10. And may imprison for Twenty days, or impose a Penalty of Five Shillings on Mutineers, and on such Soldiers as do not their Duty at the day of their Musters. Parag. 8. Three Deputy Lieutenants may commit to Prison, by Warrant under Hands and Seals, such as resuse to pay Penalties inflicted by the said Acts( in case there be not sufficient Distresses to be found to answer the Forfeitures and Penalties) until Satisfaction be made. The several Forfeitures, Penalties, and Payments, imposed( not otherwise by the Acts directed) ought to be employed to the same Uses, in default whereof the same are imposed. 15. Parag. 16. Three Deputy Lieutenants have power to lay fitting Rates on the respective County and Places, not exceeding the fourth part of one months Assessment, in any one year, after the rate of 70000 l. per Mensem, according to the Rules of the Act made 12 Car. 2. entitled, An Act for raising 70000 l. for the further Supply of His Majesty, for furnishing Ammunition and other Necessaries. 13 & 14. Parag. 7. Deputy Lieutenants may dispose so much thereof, as they, or any three, shall see fit, to the inferior Officers employed in or about the said respective Forces, for their Pains and encouragement. 15. Parag. 12. Of all which, Receipts and disbursements; accounts or Extracts, thereof, are to be given in by the Treasurer or Clerk in Writing, and upon Oath, at the General Quarter Sessions, and likewise be certified to the Lords of the Privy Council. Parag. 12. Three Deputy Lieutenants have power to hear all Complaints, examine Witnesses upon Oath, and give redress as they see cause. Parag. 11. To which purpose it is requisite to appoint certain Times and Places for Appeals and Complaints, on the second day at every General Quarter Sessions, and some Afternoon at the time of the Assizes. In Absence of the Lord Lieutenant, or otherwise, by his Direction, the Deputy Lieutenants, two or more, have power to Train, Exercise, and put in Readiness, the Trained Bands, or any Regiment, Company, or Troop, thereof. 15. Parag 1. The Training and Exercising of single Companies, and Troops, are not to be above four times in one year; nor are they to be continued in Exercise above the space of two days at one time, unless special Directions be given by Their Majesties or the Privy Council. A General Muster is not to be above once a year, at which no Officer or Soldier is to be constrained to stay for above four days together, from their respective Habitations. 13 & 14. Parag. 21. And in case of Invasion, or drawing out into actual Service, all Persons charged shall furnish a months Pay in hand, or so much thereof as shall be directed by the Deputy Lieutenants, or any two of them. For Repayment whereof( and Satisfaction to Officers,) Provision is to be made by the King. And by the said Act no Person, who has advanced one Months Pay, is to be charged again with another Months Pay till he be reimbursed. Parag. 7. But by an Act Anno Secundo Willielmi & Mariae, for raising the Militia for the year 1691, if at any time before the 25th of December 1691, it shall be found necessary to draw out the said Soldiers into actual Service, the Lord Lieutenant, or Deputy Lieutenants, or two or more, may, in pursuance of Orders from Their Majesties,( notwithstanding that one or more Months Pay before that time advanced be not reimbursed,) raise and draw out the said Soldiers into actual Service, and to cause the Persons charged as aforesaid to provide each their Soldier, with Pay in hand not exceeding one Months Pay. Three Deputy Lieutenants, or the chief Officer upon the place, as there may be occasion, may charge Carts and Horses, &c. for carrying of Powder, Bullet, Match, and other Materials, &c. allowing 6 d. per Mile( outward only) for every Carriage with Five Horses, or Six Oxen, and so proportionably; and One penny a Mile for every single Horse that shall be employed in such Service. 13, 14. Parag. 8. Of Arms, Ammunition, Accoutrements, Muster-Masters, and Officers. Defensive Arms for a Horseman. Back, Pistol Proof. Breast, Pistol Proof. Pot, Pistol Proof Offensive Arms. a Sword. a Case of Pistols, Barrels 14 Inches. Furniture, A Saddle, with Burrs and Holsters, a Bit, Bridle, Pectoral, & Crupper. 13 & 14. Parag. 21. Every Horseman to bring a quarter of a Pound of Powder, and like wait of Bullet, at every Muster Training and Exercise at the Charge of the Finder, upon pain of the Finder forfeiting 5 s. for every Omission. Every musketeer is to bring half a Pound of Powder, and like Quantity of Bullets. 15. Parag. 7. A musket, The Barrel 3 Foot, gauge 12 Bullets to a Pound; a Collar of Bandiliers; a Sword. Pikeman, A Pike of Ash, 16 Foot long, a Sword, Back, Breast, and Head Piece. 13 & 14. Parag. 21. The Captains dispense with their not using Iron armor, in case the Horsemen agree to appear in Buff Coats and Belts suitable. And the Foot in Cloth Coats of a colour, suitable to the Regiment. But in case the Finders refuse to sand in, or appear thus suitably, the Officers may make the Duty severe to such as are obstinate, by not permitting them to quit their wearing their Iron armor, during all the time they are out. And since the Militia in many Counties and great Towns, for the most part, have already furnished the Horsemen with Buff Coats and Belts, and Carabines; and the Foot with Cloth Coats, Hats, and Stockings, a small Charge,( with the Care of the respective Captains, in ordering the same to be laid by and preserved, between such times as there is occasion for their Service,) may make the whole Militia appear handsome, as well as be useful. Persons charged must find such to perform the Duty as are qualified and approved by the Captain, and must give in their Christian and surnames, that they may be Listed and Sworn, who may not change nor depart the Service without Leave, on Penalty of Twenty Pounds, or Imprisonment for default of Payment, or Distress,( subject to Appeal.) Parag. 25. Every one that refuses to pay Two Shillings and Six Pence per diem to a Horseman, for such time as he shall be on Duty, shall forfeit Five Shillings per diem to the said Horseman. And likewise every one that refuses to pay one Shilling per diem to his Foot Soldier, shall forfeit Two Shillings per diem to the said Foot Soldier, if such Forfeitures be demanded in Six Weeks after default. 15. Parag. 2. Officers and others to whom Pay is usually allowed out of the Weeks Tax. Of Horse, Captain, Lieutenant, Cornet, Quarter-Master, Corporals, Trumpeters. Of Foot, Captain, Lieutenant, Ensign, Sergeants, Drummers, a Quarter-Master of a Regiment. Every commissioned Foot Officer is excused from finding or contributing towards Horse or Foot, if his Estate be not chargeable with more than one Horse. 15. Parag. 9. The Soldiers of every Company and Troop,( when summoned to appear,) after they have been called over, are to be Subject to their Officers according to the Discipline of War, during the time of their being out: And in the Night time, a Court of Guard is to be appointed, sentinels set, and Silence and good Order required; and every Fault and Disobedience is punishable. Every Muster Master ought to be an Inhabitant of the respective County, and is to attend at the Muster of every Regiment, Troop, and Company, once a year, and take care, that no Arms be admitted, but such as are allowable by the Acts. Each Soldier Listed shall pay, once a year, to the Muster-Master, such Sum, not exceeding One Shilling for a Horseman, and Six Pence for a Foot Soldier, as shall be directed, under the Hands and Seals of Three, or more, Deputy Lieutenants, which may be levied by Distress and Sale of the Goods of the Persons charged, in default of Payment. 15. Parag. 6. Two, or more, Deputy Lieutenants, by Warrant under Hand and Seal, may employ such Persons as they shall thine fit( of which a Commission Officer, and the Constable, or his Deputy, &c. of the the same Parish, to be two) to search for and seize all Arms, in the Custody of Persons whom they shall judge dangerous to the Peace of the Kingdom, and secure such Arms for Their Majesties Service, and give account thereof to the Lord-Lieutenant. But no search to be between Sun Setting and Sun Rising, except in Cities, Corporations and Bills of Mortality. Arms so seized may be restored, if the Lord Lieutenant, or in his Absence the Deputy Lieutenants, or two of of them, shall think fit. 13 & 14. Parag. 14. All High Constables, Petty Constables, Officers and Ministers, are required to be aiding and assisting in the Execution of the Powers of the said Acts. Parag. 15. All Persons who shall act and do any thing in Execution of the Powers in the said Acts shall be Indemnified. 15. Parag. 13. No Action or svit to be brought against any Person, for any thing done in Execution of the said Powers, unless the same be brought in Six months after Cause, and in the proper County. Parag. 14. Proviso, Not to extend to give further or other Power, for Transporting Subjects of this Realm, than by the Laws of England. 13, 14. Parag. 33. The respective Lord Wardens of the Cinque Ports have like Authority and Power within their Precincts, as the respective Lord Lieutenants have in the Counties. 15. Parag. 19. Provided always, That nothing in the Acts extend to put any new or other Charge on the Tinners in Devon and Cornwall than as formerly. A Proviso and Saving also to the City of London, and the Tower Division, and the Isle of Wight. Provided, That no Officer or Soldier of the Trained Bands, of any City, Borough, or Town Corporate, being a County, &c. shall be compelled to appear out of their Precincts at any Muster or Exercise only. INSTRUCTIONS for Exercise of single Companies, and Troops or Regiments. THere are three sorts of Distances. Open Order, Order, and Close Order. 1. The open (a) This is adjudged by the meeting of their Hands, when stretched at Arms length. Order, or first Distance, is when the Soldiers both in Rank and File stand 6 Foot from each other. 2. Order, (b) Used when Embattled, or marching towards the face of an Enemy, or at a stand, or wheeling. or second Distance, is when the Soldiers stand 3 foot distance both in Rank and File. But when they march (c) Distance for Ranks is known when the But end of the Pikes do almost reach the Leaders Heels. through any Country, they must observe the 3 foot distance between the Files, and 6 foot between the Ranks. 3. Close Order, d) Distance of close Order is judged by the meeting of their Elbows when their Arms stand a kenbo. or third Distance, is when there is a foot and half between the Files, and 3 foot between the Ranks, and is for the Pikes only when they are to stand to receive the Charge of an Enemy. The Musketeers must never be closer than the second distance of three foot in square, that they may have a free use of their Arms. To Exercise their Motions. O Bserve the open Order or first Distance of six foot in square, in which the Company being placed, they may more easily be acquainted with the Terms of Direction, viz. Stand right in your files. Stand right in your ranks. Silence. To the right hand. As you were. (e) Observe when the words of Command, As you were, are pronounced, they are ever to return by the contrary hand. To the left hand. As you were. To the right about. As you were. Ranks, to the right hand, double. As you were. To the left, double. As you were. Files, to the right hand, double. As you were. To the left, double. As you were. Middle Men, to the right, double your Front. As you were. To the left, double your Front. As you were. Ranks, to the right( or left) Counter-march. As you were. When they Countermarch to the right, the last rank of Leaders only must advance one step with the right Leg, and then turn, and all the rest of the ranks must march first up to the place from whence the first rank did counter-march, before they turn; the like Order for the Files also, in counter-marching to the left hand. To Exercise a single Company. RAnks, to the right( or left) hand, double. Files, to the right( or left) or to the middle) close to your Order of three foot. Ranks, close to the Order of 3 foot. Wheel to the right hand. Wheel to the left hand. Wheel about. It is fit to double the Ranks before they wheel, because the body is small; but in a division or greater body, close first both Files and Ranks to the order of three foot, and omit the doubling. When they wheel to the right hand, double the ranks to the left; and if to the left, then double the ranks to the right, for so the right and left hand Leaders, will keep their places, on that corner, towards which they wheel. (f) Double distance is 12 foot. Ranks backward, open in double distance. Files, open to your order of three foot. Ranks, as you were. Greater Bodies, where the doubling is omitted, open first the Ranks and then the Files, to the open order of six foot. In opening Ranks or Files, make all, except the outermost,( on that hand from whence they move, which must stand still,) to move all together, till the second Rank or File from that which stands hath got the due distance, and consequently the rest. If you would have them close their Files to the right or left, the outermost File( to which they should close) must stand still. To Exercise the Musket. SHoulder your Musket. Lay your right hand on your Musket. poise your Musket. Rest your Musket. Cock your Musket, or Handle your match. Cock and try your match. Guard your Pan, or, Blow your match. Open your Pan. Present. Give fire. Recover your Arms. Clean your Pan with your Thumb. Return your match. Handle your primer. Prime your pan. Shut your pan with a full hand. Blow off the loose corns. Cast about to charge. Handle your charger. Open it with your Teeth. Charge with powder. Draw forth your succourer. Shorten it to an inch against your breast. Charge with bullet. Ram down powder and ball. Withdraw your succourer. Shorten it to a handful. Return your succourer. poise your musket. Shoulder your musket. Order your musket. In the Exercise of the Musket, though these Postures are to be observed, yet after the Soldiers understand them, there needs only three terms of Direction, viz. Make ready. Present. Give Fire. To Exercise the Pike. ADvance your Pikes. Charge to the Front. To the right, To the right, To the right, To the right. To the right about. To the left about as you were. Charge to the Left. To the left, To the left, To the left, To the left. To the right about as you were. Advance your Pikes. Shoulder your Pikes, charge to the front. Shouder as you were, charge to the right. Shoulder as you were, to the right about. Shoulder as you were, charge to the left. Shoulder as you were, to the left about. Shoulder as you were. Port. Is the same as Charge, but that you sink not the point so low. Comport. Is by bringing the left Hand back, and stretch out the right, stepping forward with the right Leg. Charge to the front. Trail, facing to the right about. Charge as you were. Advance your Pikes. More general Motions. ADvance your Pikes. Order your Pikes. Shoulder your Pikes. Charge your Pikes. Order your Pikes. Trail your Pikes. Check your Pikes. In charging, half the Ranks only must charge their Pikes, the other hindermost Ranks must port their Pikes; that is, carry them so couched over the Heads of the former Ranks, as may give them no offence, either in charging or retiring, and by this way the Pikes will not be so subject to be broken by the Enemies shot, as when they are advanced. To Exercise the Muskets and Pikes together. SHoulders your Muskets. Muskateers make ready. At which Command, the Musketeers ought distinctly to perform every particular posture of the Musket, without further direction. The Musketeers being ready, the Pikes are to charge as the Musketeers are faced. To the right, to the right, to the right, to the right. To the left about as you were. To the left, to the left, to the left, to the left. To the right about as you were. Advance your Pikes. Shoulder your Muskets. Order your Arms. Pikes to your inside Order. Lay down your Arms. Which posture is to be performed with their left Legs, stooping all together; their Arms being on the ground, they must rise together, every one observing his right hand Man. Quit your Arms. Face all to the right about. March to your Arms. Handle your Arms. Which must be done by stepping forward with their left Leg, and stooping till the word of Command. Order your Arms. Pikes, to your outside Order. poise your muskets. Advance your pikes. Shoulder your muskets. Muskets, march. The Musketeers must observe in all their Motions to turn to the right hand, and to carry the muzzle of their Muskets high, to avoid doing mischief. Of Marching. THe Ranks ought to be twelve Foot distance, and the Files closed shoulder to shoulder, having liberty to use their arms. The Soldiers must always begin to march with their right foot. The Captains are to march with their Pikes shouldered. The Lieutenants with partisans. The Ensigns with their Pikes comported. The Serjeants have no place, but are to be moving to keep the Ranks and Files in due distance. To Draw up a Body of Men, and place the Officers at a General Muster. THe Eldest Company (g) It is requisite each Company should be divided into Files, 10 in a File. And there ought to be a sergeant at the right and left of every Rank and the rest at the Rear, at 12 foot distance, the Drums are to be equally divided, and placed in the same line with the first Rank of Soldiers. is to draw up on the right hand, the second on the left, the third next the first, and the fourth next the second, &c. as followeth. st. d. th. th. th. th. th. th. th. d. 1. 3. 5. 7. 9. 10. 8. 6. 4. 2. A File is to be distinguished by, A Leader. 3 Between. A Bringer up. 3 Between. 2 Midle-men. But for ordinary Exercise, (h) This will be of use to prepare and Exercise the Soldiers. they may be reduced to 5 in a File, and then the two middle Men will be Bringers up, and have a kind of charge over the 3 between. But when the Companies come together, they should be Exercised 10 in depth, in case of Execution. General Words of Command. MUsketeers, to the right and left outwards. Pikes, to the right and left inwards. Interchange Ground. March. When a Regiment hath thus drawn up, the Officers are to be placed as followeth: One half of the Lieutenants are to stand At the Front of the right Wing of shot. The other half of the Lieutenants At the Front of the left Wing. The Ensigns are to stand At the Front of the Pikes, at the same time as the Lieutenants. The Captains are likewise to be equally divided, and to stand four Foot before the Lieutenants. None must stand before the Ensigns but the chief Commander, who is to be ten Foot before the Pikes. When the Regiment marches in a Body. The Lieutenants are to be removed from the Front to the Rear. The rest of the Officers keep their Post. The Serjeants that were in the Rear, are to be moving to order the Ranks and Files. When the Regiment marches in Division. The one half of the Captains are to march at the Front of the first Division of Shot, and the rest in the Rear of the last Division of Shot; (h) The Officers in marching are to keep the same distance from the Body as when they were drawn up. and one half of the Lieutenants are to be in the Rear of the first Division of Shot, and the rest at the Front of the last. The Ensigns are to march at the head of the Pikes. Of Salutes. THe Officer that Commands ought first to Salute. And the Captains that march next in a Rank must not begin to Salute, till the said Officer hath done. The Lieutenants must likewise observe the same order and motion, and so must the Ensigns, but they must move their Colours all the same way, to avoid tangling. If the King, or Queen, or General passeth by, The Pikes must be Advanced. The Drums must Beat. * In making a Guard. The Muskets be shouldered. The Pikes must be Ordered. When the King or General comes in the Rear, The Colours or Officers, are not to march through the Ranks, but keep still at the Front. If the King passeth by when the whole Army is drawn up in the Field, Every Battalion is to (k) The Posture of more Guards. charge their Pikes, and rest their Muskets. Of Wheeling, when a Body marches in Division. IF to the Right, the right hand Man is to keep his ground, and only turn upon his Heel, whilst at the same time the left hand Men move about quick, till the Officer cries, Stand. The second Rank is not to begin till they have taken the Ground of the first. And so every Rank is to take the Ground of the Rank next before. To Exercise a Troop, or Regiment of Horse. LEt them charge their Carbines and Pistols. And when the Corporals or Officers have seen that they are all ready, The Officer commands silence, and directs. Lay your Hand upon your Swords. Draw your Swords. Put your Swords in your Bridle Hand. Lay your Hands upon your Pistols. Draw your Pistols. Cock your Pistols. Hold them up. Fire. Return your Pistols. The manner of Firing in Advancing towards an Enemy. THey should give Fire by Ranks. Two Ranks make ready (l) A sergeant or( when the Body is great) some Officer must stand to whom the Musketeers are to come up before they present and give fire. together, and advance 10 Paces before the Body. And whilst the first gives Fire, the second must keep their Muskets ready, and Pans guarded. And as soon as the first fall away, the second Present, give fire, and fall off. In like manner when the two first Ranks move from their places in the Front, the two next Ranks must unshoulder and make ready, and do in all points as the former, and so by two Ranks at a time, through the whole Division. To Fire when retiring from an Enemy. AS the Troop marcheth, the hindermost Rank( keeping still with the Troop) maketh Ready, and when ready, they turn all together to the right hand, and Fire, marching presently a round place to the Front, and there place themselves just before; and in like manner should every Rank do, if the Enemy should stand or advance. To Fire by the Flank. THE outermost File next the Enemy must make ready, keeping still all along with the Body, (m) a sergeant or some Officer must stand at the Head of the first File, to led each File, till the whole Wing be complete, and joined in form equal with the Pikes. till they are ready, and then turn to the right or left, as they see the Enemy, and must fire all together; when they have discharged they must not move from their ground, but charge again; and so each File are to observe like time and motion. When the whole Troop or Wing of Musketeers make ready together, the first Rank, without advancing, gives fire in the place they stand, and then as speedily as may be( but orderly) fall off, all the Ranks doing in like manner. How to perfect the Trained Bands for Service, and not exceed the Duty appointed by the Acts. IN regard the times by the Acts for Exercise of the whole Companies are but few, it would much conduce to the fitting them for Service, to appoint the Exercise ofโ€” at a time( as they live convenient) under the command of a sergeant or Corporal, Any number not less then Ten. for the space of two hours, upon Holy days. But till the Soldiers perfectly understand their Duties, Postures, Motions, and Exercise of their Arms, there needs not be any expense of Powder. And after they do understand their Postures, &c. they may Exercise with false Fires, as only a little Powder in the Pan, till such times as the whole Company meet together. And if at such private Exercises there were some small Prizes provided, to be shot for at Marks, it would make the Soldiers more ready at firing, yet with less charge, and would prevent wasting their Money and Time at Nine-pins and idle Games. FINIS.