THE ARTICLES AND CONDITIONS OF THE PERPETVALL PEACE, Concluded between the most Potent King of Spain, etc. on the one party, and the High and Mighty Lords, the State's General of the United Netherlands, on the other party, Subscribed and Sealed the 13th. of january, 1648.  
At MUNSTER.  
Printed at Rotterdam by Haste van Voortganck, Printer of the Articles of the Peace, 1648. And Reprinted at London by Robert White, 1648.   

The Lords States General of the United Provinces of the Low-Countries.  
IN the name, and to the honour of God, Know all men, that after a tedious prosecution of bloody wars, which so many years have oppressed the poople, subjects, Kingdoms, and lands, being under the obedience of the Lord the King of Spain, and the Lords the State's General of the United Netherlands; the said Lords, the King, and the States, moved with all Christian compassion, and desire on both sides, to make an end of the common miseries, and to avoid the sad prosecution, destruction, damage and perils, which might follow by a further proceeding in the low-country wars, as also by spreading it to other cities and countries, and lands and seas lying fare off, and to change the evil effects of the same into an acceptable good and upright-peace, and the sweet fruits of a full and firm rest, to the comfort of the people and countries which are under their obedience, and the reparation of the damages past; for the general welfare, not only of the Low-countries, but also of all Christendom, enviting and entreating other Princes and Potentates, that by the blessing of God they may be moved to the like compassion, and eschewing of destruction, spoil and disorders, which the heavy plague of war hath so long and so heavily caused them to feel; for the obtaining of so good an end, and wished eye-mark; the said Lords, Don Philippo the fourth King of Spain, and the State's General of the United Provinces, have deputed Commissioners, viz. the said Lord King of Spain, Don Gasper de Bracamonte, and Gusman Earl of Penaranda, Lord of Aldea, Seca, and Forteran, Knight of the Order of Alcantare perpetual Administrator of the Command of Dayniel, of the Order of Calatraia, Gentleman of the Chamber of his Majesty, and of his Counsel and Chamber, Extraordinary Ambassador for his Emriall Majesty, and the chief Plenipotentarie for the Treaty of general Peace the honourable Anthony Bruyn, Knight, and Counsellor of his Catholic Majesty in his Council of State, and high Council for the afaires of the Low-Countries, in Burgundy about his person, and his plenipotentiary for the Treaties of peace of the general Peace: And the Lords the States general of the United Provinces; the right Honourable Bartholt van Gendt, Lord of Loenen and Meinerswiick, Amptman and Dyckgrave of Bommel, Tielre, and Bommelerweerde, deputed for the State's General by the Province of Gelderland, the Right Honourable John van mateness, Lord of mateness, Riviere Opmeer, Souteveen, deputed for the Assembly of the State's General by the order of the Knighthood and Gentry of Holland and Westfriesland, High Privicouncellor of Schieland; the Honourable Adrian Pauw, Knight, Lord of Hamsted, Hoogersmilde, etc. chief Presiding Counsellor and Treasurer of the Earldom of Holland and Westfriesland, and deputed on the behalf of the same Province for the Assembly of the Lords States General; the Honourable John de Knuyt, Knight, Lord of Old and New Vosmer, chief representing the Gentry in the States, and the Council of the Earldom of Zealand, and the Admiralty the chief Counsellor of his Highness the Lord Prince of Orange, Ordinary Deputy in the Assembly of the Lords the States Gen the Honourable Godert van Reed, Lord of Nederhorst, Vredeland, short Houff, Orermeer, Horst, Waert, etc. Precedent of the Honourable Gentry & Knighthood of the land of utretcht, and in the name thereof appearing at the Assembly of the Lords the State's General; the Honourable Francis van Donia, Lord of Humena and Hielsum, etc. Deputed for the Assembly of the Lords the State's General, on the behalf of the Province of Friesland; the Honourable William Ripperda, Lord of Hengeloo Bolbergen, Cabulo, and Russenburg, etc. Deputy of the State's General for the Knighthood & Gentry of the Province of Overyssel, the Honourable Adrian Clant at Stedum, Lord of Muttersum, etc. Ordinary Deputy in the assembly of the State's General on the behalf of the Province of the City of Groeningen and lands adjacent, all extraordinary Ambassadors in Germany, and Plenipotentiaries of the said Lords the State's General for the Treaty of the general peace, all of them furnished with full power or procurations, inserted at the foot hereof; who being assembled together in the City of Munster in Westphalia with common consent— for the Treaty of the common rest in Christendom, by virtue of their said Letters of Attorney and in the names of the said Lords the King and States, have made, concluded, and agreed on the Articles following.   

Articles of the Peace concluded at MUNSTER.  
IMprimis. The said Lord the King doth declare and acknowledge, that the said Lords the States general of the United Netherlands, and the several Provinces of the same, with all their associated countries, cities, and lands belonging to them, are free and sovereign Cities, Provinces, and lands, of and against whom, nor their associated countries, cities, and lands, the said Lord the King doth not pretend any thing, nor now, nor hereafter, for himself, his successors, and posterity, shall pretend any thing, and in sequel hereunto is content to treat with the same Lords States, as he doth by these presents, for a perpetual Peace, on the conditions here under-written and declared: to wit:  
2. That the said Peace shall be good, firm, faithful, and infrangible, and that in order hereunto, there shall be a cessation of all Acts of hostility whatsoever, between the said Lord the King, and the States general, as well at sea, and other waters, as at land, in all their respective Kingdoms, Countries, Lands, and Dominions, for all their subjects and Inhabitants, of any quality or condition whatsoever they be, without exception of places or persons.  
3. Each one shall keep, and presently occupy the countries, cities, places, lands, and dominions, which they do at present enjoy, without therein to be troubled or hindered directly nor indirectly, in what manner soever it be, wherein is understood to comprehend the villages, towns, highlands, & lowlands depending thereon: and in the sequel thereof, the whole Mayoralty of Buss, as also the Lordships, cities, castles, villages, towns, high lands, and lowlands depending on the said Mayoralty of the Buss, the City and Marquisate of Bergen op Zoam: the City and Barony of Breda: the City of Maestricht, and the confines thereof: as also the Earldom of Proonehoffe: the Earl and land of Cuyck, Hulst, and Bayliwick of Hulst, and Hulster-Ambacht; and as also Axele-Ambacht, lying on the south and north of Geule, as also the Forts, which the said Lords States have in the Land of Waes', and all the other cities and places which the said Lords the States hold in Brabant, Flanuders, and elsewhere, remain to the said Lords States, in all the rights, soveraignities, and superiorities of the same, nothing excepted, and every of them, as they do hold the Provinces of the United Provinces: Provided that all the rest of the Land of Waes', except the said Forts, shall remain to the King of Spain: for what concerns the free Quarters of Overmase: to wit, Valckenburge, Dalen, and S'Hertogenrade: they shall remain in the condition wherein they at present are: and in case of dispute, and controversy, the same shall be sent to the Bipartite Chamber, of which is hereafter spoken.  
4 The subjects or inhabitants of the said Lord the King and the States, shall have all good correspondence and friendship together, without remembering the offences or damages, which they have formerly suffered: they shall also come and abide in the countries, the one of the other, and there use their trade and commerce in all security, as well at sea, other waters, as at land.  
5. The navigations and commerce for the East and West-Indies, shall be maintained, according and in conformity to the Grants therefore already given or yet to be given; and for assurance thereof, this present treaty (and the ratification on both sides to be performed,) shall reach: and under the said treaty shall be comprehended all Potentates, Nations and People, with whom their Lordships, or those of the East or West-Indy company on their behalf, within the bounds of their Patent are in friendship and alliance: and each one, to wit, the said Lord the King and the Lords and States respectively shall hold and enjoy such dominions, cities, castles, strengths, trade, and lands, in the East and West-Indies, as also in Brazill, as also on the coasts of Asia, Africa, and America severally, as the same Lords the King and the States respectively have and hold; among which are specially contained the places since the year 1641. taken from the Lords States, and occupied by the Portingalls, or which they hereafter without the breach of this present Treaty may get and hold: And the governor's as well of the East and West-India company of the United Provinces, as also the Ministers, high and low officers, soldiers, and mariners, being, or which have been in actual service, as also those which continue out of the same services respectively, as well here in this Country as in the limits of the said Company, and may hereafter be employed, be free & untroubled in all the lands which are under the obedience of the King of Spain in Europe, they may travel, trade, and go as all other inhabitants of this State. Further it is bespoke and stipulated, that the Spaniards shall remain in their voyages in the same manner as they yet hold the same in the East-Indies, without extending themselves further: as likewise the Inhabitants of the United Netherlands shall forbear to frequent or occupy the Spanish places in the East-Indies.  
6. And what concerns the West-Indies, the Subjects and Inhabitants of the Kingdoms, Provinces, and lands of the said Lords, the King, and States respectively, shall forbear to sail and trade in all the havens and places, with the lodges, castles, and all other places, held and possessed by one or the other party, to wit, the Subjects of the said Lord the King shall not sail unto, and trade in the havens and places which are held by the said Lords States, nor also the Subjects of the said Lords States in those places which are kept by the said Lord the King; and under the places which the said Lords States do possess, shall be also comprehended the places which the Portugeses since the year 1641. have taken from the said Lords States, in Brazill, as also all other places which they at present hold, so long as they shall be under the Portugeses; without that the aforegoing Articles may derogate the contents of this Article.  
7. And since a good long time is needful to advertise those that are out of the said limits with power and ships to desist from all acts of Hostility, it is agreed that the peace, for the bounds of the Patent formerly granted or yet by continuance to be granted to the East-Indie Company of the United Netherlands, shall not begin till a year after the date of the conclusion of the present peace: And what concerns the bounds of the Patent formerly by the Lords States general agreed, or yet by continuance to be agreed to the West-Indie Company, that the peace there shall not begin till a half year after date as above. Provided, that in case advise of the said peace shall sooner become public on both sides within the said several Limits, that then hostility shall there cease: but in case after the said time of one year, and half a year, respectively, any Acts of Hostility shall be done within the said Limits of the said Patents, the damage shall be restored without delay.  
8. The Subjects and Inhabitants of the said Countries of the said Lords, the King, and the States trading in these Countries, the one not be bound to pay to the other more duties and imposts than the own Subjects themselves, so that the Inhabitants and Subjects of the United Provinces, shall be and remain exempt from the twenty per cent, or any less, or any other Impost which the King of Spain during the twelve years of truce levied, or which he hereafter directly or indirectly would levy on the said Inhabitants and Subjects of the United Provinces, or to charge them with more or above his own Subjects.  
9 The said Lords, the King, and States, may not receive any duties of importation or exportation or any other, without their several Limits, on goods passing either by water or land.  
10. The Subjects of the said King and States, shall reciprocally enjoy the ancient freedom of customs, in the lands the one of the other, of which they had peaceable possession before the beginning of the Wars.  
11. The commerce, passage, and trade, between the respective Subjects, may not be hindered, and in case any hindrance may happen, the same shall seasonably and actually be removed.  
12. And from the day of the conclusion, and ratification thereof, the King shall forbear the levying of all Tolls on the Rhyne and the Maze which were before the wars, under the Command and Limits of the United Netherlands, especially also the Zealand Toll, so that this Toll shall not be given to his Majesty in the City of Antwerp or elsewhere: Provided and on condition that from the said day forwards, the States of Zealand reciprocally at their charge shall take and pay first and foremost from the same day forwards, the annual rents, which before the year 1572. were confirmed on the said Tolls, and of which the owners and rent-farmers had the enjoyment and receipt, before the beginning of the said war; the which also the owners of the said Tolls shall likewise do.  
13. White boiled salt coming out of the United Provinces into the Countries of his said Majesty, shall be there received and admitted, without to be taxed higher than as bay salt is, and also that salt coming out of the lands of his said Majesty into the United Provinces, shall be admitted and vented, without that the same be higher taxed than the salt of the said Lords the States.  
14. The river the Scheld, as also the Channels, and the Sas, Swyn, and other sea gaps belonging to them, shall remain blocked up on the side of the Lords States.  
15. The ships and goods coming in and out of the havens of Flanders respectively, shall be and remain taxed by the said Lord the King, with such Imposts and other charges, as the goods of the Scheld, and other channels contained in the article above, are taxed or rated in coming and going respectively; and shall be hereafter agreed between the parties on both sides at the foot of the said equal taxations.  
16. The Hans-cities, with all the Burghers, Inhabitants, and territories of the same, shall in matter of navigation and commerce in Spain, the Realms and Countries of Spain, enjoy all and the same rights, freedoms, Immunities, and privileges, which by this present Treaty are agreed, or hereafter may be agreed, for and on the behalf of the Subjects and Inhabitants of the United Netherlands; they shall enjoy all the same rights, freedoms, immunities, privileges, and capitulations, as well for making of Consuls in the ports or sea towns of Spain, and elsewhere, where it shall be needful, as for the Merchants, Factors, Ship-masters, Mariners, or otherwise, even as the said Hans towns in general or particular have formerly had and practised, or shall hereafter get and practise, for the security, profit, and advantage of the navigation and commerce of their Cities, Merchants, Factors, Assigns, and others, which depend on them.  
17. Also the Subjects and Inhabitants of the Countries of the said Lords the States, shall have the same security and freedom in the lands of the said Lord the King, as is granted to the Subjects of the King of great Britain by the last Treaty of Peace, and secret Articles made with the Constable of Castille.  
18. The said Lord the King shall with the first good opportunity grant that civil places be ordained for the burying of the bodies of such of the said Lords States party as shall happen to die under the obedience of the said Lord the King.  
19 The Subjects and Inhabitants of the Countries of the said Lord the King, coming into the Countries of the said Lords the States, shall carry themselves with all civility in matters of the public worship of religion, without giving any scandal by words or actions, and without any reviling speeches, and the same shall be observed by the Subjects and Inhabitants of the lands of the said Lords States, coming into the lands of his Majesty.  
20. Likewise the Merchants, Ship-masters, Pilots, Mariners, their ships, merchandise, ware, and other goods belonging to them, may not be stopped nor arrested, by virtue of any command, general or particular, and for whatsoever cause it be, either for war, or otherwise, yea not under pretence to have them serve for the conservation and defence of the Country: by which is not meant to contain, the stops and arrests of Justice, in the ordinary way, by reason of any debts, bonds, and obliging contracts, of those against whom the said stops shall be made, but therein shall be proceeded, as is usual according to law and reason.  
21. On both sides shall be appointed some Justices in number equal, by way of a Bipartite Chamber, who shall reside in the Low-countryes', and at such a place as is fit, and that by turns, sometimes under the obedience of the one, sometimes of the other, as it shall be thought good by joint consent; the which Judges appointed on both sides, according to the Commission and instructions which shall be given them, and upon which they shall make oath according to a certain form, to be for that purpose framed by both parties, shall overlook the deal of the Inhabitants of the said Low-countryes', and the customs and imposts which shall be levied on goods by one side and the other; And in case the said Judges chance to find that excess be used, by either one, or the other, or on both sides, the said Judges shall examine the controversy on the not performance of the said Treaty, as also the contraventions thereof, which may chance to arise in any time and place, as well in the Countries here, as in the Kingdoms, Countries, Provinces and Islands lying far off in Europe, and thereof summarily and plainly to dispose, and declare what they shall judge fit in conformity to the Treaty: and the sentences and dispositions of the said Judges shall be put in execution by the ordinary Justice at the place where the breach happened, or else against the persons of the contraventors, as the occasion shall require, and the said ordinary Justice or Court may not remain in default of doing the said execution, or suffer it to be done, and to repair the said breach within the time of six months, after the said ordinary Court shall be thereunto required.  
22. In case any sentences and Judgements be denounced between persons of both parties, being not grounded, either in matters civil or criminal, they shall not be put in execution against the persons of the condemned, nor their goods; And no letters of Mart or reprisal shall be granted, but upon knowledge of the business, and in such matters for which it is permitted by the Imperial laws, and constitutions, and according unto the order thereby made.  
23. They shall not arrive, come in, or remain in the Havens, Bayes, Ports or roads of the countries, the one of the other, with ships, and men of war in any number, that might cause suspicion, without the leave and permission of those under whom the said Havens, Bayes, Ports, and roads are, except they are forced by tempest, and forced to do the same through need, and to avoid any perils of the sea.  
24. Those whose goods are seized and confiscated by reason of the war, or their heirs, or those who have their right, shall use the same goods, and shall take the possession of them by their own authority, and by virtue of this Treaty, without that it be needful to have recourse to Justice, notwithstanding all incorporations of the fiscal, mortgages, gifts made, treatyes, agreements, and transactions, and whatsoever renuntiations may be inserted in the said transactions, for to exclude from a part of the goods, and those whom the same right should come to; And all goods and rights, which in sequel of this present Treaty are restored, or are yet to be restored reciprocally to the old proprietors, their heirs, or those that have their right, shall be sold by the said proprietors, without that it be needful to obtain particular consent therefore, and in order hereunto the propriety of the rents, which have been constituted on the behalf of the fiscal, in stead of the goods sold, as also the rents or actions, which are laid upon the fiscal respectively, may also be disposed of by the proprietors of them, by sale, or otherwise, as their own goods.  
25. The which shall take place for the use of the heirs of the Lord Prince William of Orange, yea for the rights which they have in the Salines of the County of Burgundy, which shall be restored and left to them, with the Woods which depend therein, in regard of that which shall not be found to be bought and paid for by his said Majesty.  
26. In which is also meant to be comprehended the other goods and rights, lying in the Countries of Burgundy and Charlois, and what in order to the Treaty of the ninteenth of April 1609. and the seventh of January 1610. respectively, is not yet restored, to the said proprietors and their heirs, or those who have their rights on both sides, shall every where with the first be restored in good faith.  
27. As also therein is meant to be comprehended the goods and rights, which after the expiration of the League of 12 years, by sentence of the high Council of Mechleu, to the prejudice of the fiscal were adjudged to late Earl John of Nassau, or in what manner the said Earl had the possession of them, in whatsoever places, lands, or dominions, the said adjudged goods and rights may lie, and by whomsoever they may be possessed: the which sentence, by virtue of this Treaty, is, and is held as void, and all other possession gotten as aforesaid, is made void.  
28. And what concerns the suit of Castelbelijn, commenced in the life of the said late Lord Prince of Orange, before the high Council of Mecheleu against the Attorney general of the King of Spain, forasmuch as the said suit was not ended within the term of a year, after the prosecution made therein, as in the fourteenth Article of the League for twelve years was promised to be done, it is agreed that presently after the concluding and ratification of this present Treaty, the Fiscals in the name of his Majesty, or in whose name soever the same may be, shall presently make assignment of all the goods claimed in the said suit, and by whomsoever and by what right soever the same are possessed, also in the name, and on the behalf as afore, shall renounce all actions and pretences which the said fiscal may any wise have, or could pretend on the said goods, for presently after the conclusion and ratification of this Treaty, and by virtue thereof, and without any recourse in Law, to be received by the present Lord Prince of Orange, his heirs and successors, or those having his right, and taken into free and unincumbred possession, but the profits received and enjoyed, with the charges of them, unto the day of the concluding of this Treaty, shall remain to the use of the fiscal.  
29. In case difficulty be in any place found, in the restitution of the goods and rights which must be restored, the Judge of that place shall without delay cause the restitution to be effected, and take the shortest way therein, without that the restitution may be delayed under pretence of the nonpayment of the principal or otherwise.  
30. The Subjects and Inhabitants of the United Netherlands, may where ever they are in the Countries under the obedience of the said Lord the King of Spain, be assisted with such Advocates, Atturnyes, notaries, Solicitors, and Executors, as they shall think good, whereunto they shall be also chosen by the ordinary Judges, when it shall be needful, and the said Judges shall be thereunto required: and reciprocally the Inhabitants and Subjects of the said Lord the King, coming into the Countries of the said Lords States, shall also enjoy the same assistance.  
31. In case the fiscal hath caused any confiscated goods of the one or the otherside to be sold, of those to whom the same must belong by virtue of this Treaty they shall be bound to be content with the Interest of the price, at the rate of the sixteenth penny thereof, to be annually paid by the proximity of those who possess the said goods, else it shall be permitted to them to address themselves to the Lands of the Inheritances sold, with this proviso, that in stead of the goods sold, the rents or interests redeemed, or the principal thereof, by & in the name of the respective Fiscals letters patents, shall be granted to the use of the owners, their heirs, or such as have their action, which shall serve them for a declaratory evidence, in conformity to the Treaty, with an assignment of the annual payment on some Rentmaster in the Province, where they are sold or remitted: the which Rentmaster shall be named therein, and the price shall be accounted according to the first sale, being done publicly, or otherwise as is fitting, the first year of which rent shall be ended a year after the date of the conclusion and ratification of this present Treaty.  
32. But in case the said sales were done by justice, for due and lawful debts of those to whom the said goods used to belong before the confiscations, it shall be permitted them, or their heirs, and those that have their right, to take them to themselves, paying the price within a year to be accounted from the day of this present Treaty, after which time they shall not be any more receiveable for it, and the said allowance and sale being by them done, they may dispose thereof as they shall see good, without that it be needful to obtain any other leave for it.  
33. Yet it is provided, that the said retaking shall not have place for houses sold, which lie in Cities, which for that cause have been sold the dearer, because of the great inconveniency and notable damage, which the purchasers would have, by reason of the change, and repairing, which may have been done in the said houses, for which the Liquidations would be too tedious and heavy.  
34. And for the reparations and amendments done to other goods sold, of which the sale is permitted, in case they be claimed, the ordinary Judges shall do right upon knowledge of the business; the Lands and inheritances remaining mortgaged for the sum whereunto the amendments shall be liquidated, without nevertheless giving leave to the said purchasers to use the right of Arentment, for to be paid and satisfied therefore.  
35. All undiscovered goods and rights, moveables, and immovables, rents, actions, debts, credits, and other things, which have not been seized by the fiscal, upon due knowledge of the business, before the day of the concluding, and ratification of this Treaty, shall remain to the free and full disposal of the owners, their heirs, or such as have their right, with all the Interests, rents, revenues, and benefits; and those who have concealed the said goods and rights, or their heirs, shall not be troubled for the same by the respective fiscals, but the owners, their heirs, or such as have their right, may have an action for the same against every one, as for their own goods.  
36. The trees cut down, after the finishing of this Treaty, and which at that day are yet standing on the ground, as also the trees sold, which are not yet cut down by the said day, shall remain to the owners, notwithstanding any sale made, and without being bound to pay any price.  
37. The Interests, hure, Farms, and revenues of the Dominions, Countries, Tithes, Fishponds, houses, rents, and other revenues of goods, which according to the Treaty must be restored, due from the day of the conclusion of this reaty, shall come to the proprietors, their heirs, or such as have their action, for the whole year.  
38. The hire which hath been made of confiscated or seized goods (although the same be made for many years) shall expire with the year from the conclusion of this Treaty, according to the use of the several places where the said goods are situate, and the hire shall end from the day of the end of the Treaty, and shall be made good and paid to the owners, provided, that in case the occupier of the goods hath been at any charge before the spring of that year, that the same charges shall be paid by the owners and occupiers, according to custom, or the discretion of the Judge of the places where the same goods are situate.  
39 All sale of confiscated or seized goods, done since the conclusion of the Treaty, shall be held null and void; as also the sales made before such conclusion, which were made against the Covenants, or agreements with any Cities in particular.  
40. The houses of particular persons, which are restored, or are to be restored according to the Treaty, shall not reciprocally be charged with Garrisons or otherwise, any higher or lower than the houses of other Inhabitants of the like conveniency.  
41. None, on the one side nor the other, directly, nor indirectly shall be hindered in changing of their dwelling place, paying the duties which are imposed there, and in case any hindrances happen after the Treaty, they shall be presently removed.  
42. In case any Fortifications or works, on the one or the other side, with leave, and by the Authority of the Governors, be made in such places as by this present Treaty should be restored, the owners of them shall be bound to content themselves with the value which shall be made thereof by the ordinary Judges, aswell of the said places, as of the Jurisdiction they are under, except the parties agree amongst themselves about it, as also satisfaction shall be given to the owners of the goods which have been used for Fortifications, public works, or Hospitals.  
43. Concerning the goods of Churches, Colleges, or other pious places, lying in the United Provinces, which were Members depending on Churches, Benefices, and Colleges, under the obedience of the said Lord the King; whatsoever hath not been sold before the closure of this present Treaty, shall be given again and restored to them; and they shall come into the possession of them, by their own Authority and without help of Law, for to use the same, and without disposing of the same as is here aforesaid: But for such as shall have been sold before the said time, or have been given in payment by the States of any of the Provinces, they shall be paid the annual rent of the price, at the rate of the sixteenth penny, by that Province which hath made the said sale, or hath given the said goods in payment; and shall also have such assignment, as they may be assured thereof; and the like shall be done and observed on the side of the said Lord the King.  
44. For such pretences and Interests, which the Lord Prince of Orange may have, touching some parcels which he doth not possess, the same shall be accorded by a particular Treaty, to the satisfaction of the said Lord Prince of Orange, but what concerns the goods and effects which the said Prince is in possession of, by the grant and concession of the said Lords the State's General, in the Bayliffwick of the Hulster Ambacht, and elsewhere, of the which the said Lords States a while since have made him a confirmation; all the same parcels shall remain in full property to the said Lord Prince, and his successors, or who have his right, without that any thing can be pretended to the said goods, by virtue of any Articles of this present Treaty.  
45. Those to whom the confiscated goods must be restored, shall not be bound to pay the arrearages of rents, and charges annually taken, and assigned on the said goods, for the time that they have been used, and if they be prosecuted and troubled for the same, by the one side or the other, they shall be sent back and discharged; and where it is found known, that all goods of any one of the one side or the other side have been confiscated, or seized, so that he hath kept no means wherewith he could pay the rents and Interests of his debts, which are fallen due during the confication or seazure, they shall be acquitted not only from the charges and rents, according to the Treaty, but also from general and personal impositions of the rents and Interests fallen due in the said time.  
46. Concerning some other points, which besides the contents of the afore going 44.th Article, are especially treated and agreed upon, and subscribed in two several writings, one of the 8.th of January, the other of the 27th of December, 1647. for, and in the name of the said Lord Prince of Orange, the said writings, and all the contents of the same shall have their effect, and be confirmed, performed, and executed according to their form and tenor, more or less, as if all the said points in general, or each of them in particular were word for word inserted in this present Treaty, notwithstanding any clauses of this present Treaty to the contrary hereof, the which clauses it is understood to be derogate, and are expressly derogated by this present Article, and which clause in respect of the said two writings, are, and shall be held as not made, and without that by reason thereof the performance and execution of the said two writings, of the 8.th of January, and of the 27.th of December, 1647. may be hindered, or in any manner withheld.  
47. Also nothing may be pretended for the goods which are sold, or agreed for to be dycked, or redycked, other then for the upstalling or reparations for which the possessors have bound themselves by the Treaties made thereof; with the Interests of the moneys furnished, if any have been given, also after the rate of the 16.th penny as above.  
48. Sentences given for goods and rights confiscated, with parties which have known the Judges, and have been legally defended, shall hold, and the condemned persons shall not be received to gainsay them, but by ordinary ways.  
49. The said Lord the King doth acquit, and renounce all pretences of Redemption, and all other Laws and pretences which he can have, or pretend in any manner, against the City of the Grave, the Land of Cuyck, its apertenances, and the dependencies of the Barony of Brabant, formerly held in mortgage by the late Lord Prince of Orange; the redemption of the which mortgage is discharged and converted into property, and delivered over to the use of the late Lord Prince Maurice, in December, 1611. by the Lords States general of the united Netherlands, as Sovereigns of the said City of Grave, and land of Cuyck, in sequel and conformable to the Letters Patents granted thereof, and by virtue of which Conversion and assignment, the said Lord Prince of Orange that now is, his heirs and successors, or such as have his right, shall always use the full and whole property of the said City, and land of Cuyck, with all its apertenances and dependencies.  
50. The said Lord the King doth also acquit and renounce, all and every the rights and pretences, either of propriety, Assignment, or otherwise, which he may in any manner pretend to the City, County, or Dominion of Lingen, and four Kartsspelen, and other rights belonging thereunto, as also to the Cities and Dominions of Bevergard and Kloppenburg, and other pretences, on and against whomsoever they may be, for really and actually for ever to remain to the said Lord Prince of Orange, his heirs and successors, or those that have his right, in full right of propriety, according to the Letters or deed of gift and grant of the Emperor Charles the 5.th dated the 3.d d of November, 1546. and the agreement made afterwards between the Earl of Bueren, and the Earl of Teeckelenburg, dated the 15.th of March, 1548. and finally, according to the assignment made thereof in November, 1578. which the said Lord the King, for what concerneth him hath confirmed, and doth confirm by the aforesaid Treaty.  
51. The said Lord the King, and Lords States, shall appoint (each in their own) the Offices of the Magistrates for the administration of Justice and Policies, in the Cities and strong holds, which by this present Treaty are to be restored to the owners for to use them.  
52. The farrther quarter of Gelderland shall be exchanged for its equivalent, and in case they cannot please one another about the said equivalent, the same shall be put to the Biparty Chamber, to be decided within 6. months after the conclusion and ratification of the Treaty.  
53. The said Lord the King, doth bind himself effectually to perfect the continuance and observance of all Neutrality, friendship, and good neighbourhood, on the behalf of his Imperial Majesty and the Empire with the said Lords States, unto which continuance and observance, the said Lords States do also reciprocally bind themselves, and the Confirmation of his Imperial Majesty shall be had thereupon, within the time of two months; and on the behalf of the Empire within a year after the conclusion and ratification of the present Treaty.  
54. The moveables which are confiscated, and the profits which are fallen due before the conclusion of the present Treaty, shall be subject to no restitution.  
55. The movable actions, which shall be remitted by the said Lord the King, or the States, to the use of the particular debtors, before the conclusion of this present Treaty, shall remain canceled on the one and the other side.  
56. The time which hath run from the beginning of the war, since the year 1567. till the beginning of the truce of twelve years, as also, the time which hath run since the expiration of the said truce, till the conclusion of this Treaty, shall not be accounted, for to wrong, or otherwise to prejudice any one thereby.  
57 Those who during the war, are gone into Neutral Countries, shall enjoy the fruits of this present Treaty, and may dwell where they shall please, yea return to their old dwelling places, for to live there with all security, observing the Laws of the Countries, without that by reason of their dwelling (which they shall keep in any place whatsoever) their goods be seized, or they deprived of the use of them.  
58. They shall not make any new Forts in the Netherlands, neither on one side nor the other, nor dig any new passages or ditches, whereby they might shut in, or exclude the one or the other party.  
59 The Lords of the house of Nassau, and also the Earl John Albert of Solms, Governors of Maestricht, shall not be sued or molested in their persons or goods, for any debts contracted by the late Lord Prince of Orange, since the year 1567. until his death, nor for the Interests fallen due during the seazure and sequestering of the goods which were charged therewith.  
60. In case any breach or contravention of this Treaty be made by any particular person, without command of the said Lords the King or States, the damage shall be repaired, at the very place where the breach shall be done, in case they be there apprehended, or else at their dwelling places, without that they may be sued any where else, in their persons or goods, in whatsoever manner it be, and they shall not be suffered to take up Arms, or break the Peace for it, but they shall have leave (in case of public denial of Justice) to help themselves with letters of Mart, or reprisal, as is usual.  
61. All disinheritings and dispositions done in hate of the war are declared void, and held as not done; and by disinheritances done in hate of the war, is meant, to comprehend those which are happened by any cause, from whence the war is risen, and which depend thereon.  
62. The Subjects and Inhabitants of the lands of the said Lords the King or States, of whatsoever quality or condition they be, are declared capable to succeed one an other, as well by Testament as without a will, according to the custom of the places, and in case any Successions formerly befell any of them, they shall be received and preserved therein.  
63. All prisoners of war shall be discharged on the one side and the other, without paying any Ransom, with a distinction or exception of such prisoners as have served out of the Netherlands, and under other Standards and Colours than those of the States.  
64. The payment of the arrearages of the contributions, which at the time of the Treaty shall remain payable, in respect of the persons and goods of the one and the other side, shall be regulated and determined by those who on both sides have the superintendance of the contributions.  
65. Whatsoever during the Treaty hath been propounded, or alleged on both sides, verbally or in writing, shall not reach, nor may any wise be expounded to the benefit or detriment of any one, directly or indirectly, but aswell the said Lords, the King, and the States general and particular, as also all Princes, Earls, Barons, Gentry, Citizens and other Inhabitants, of the Kingdoms and Countries respectively, of whatsoever condition or quality they be, shall remain in their rights, according to the contents of the Treaty, and the conclusion thereof.  
66. The Inhabitants and Subjects of the said Lords, the King, and States respectively, shall really enjoy the effect of the 16.th Article of the expired 12. year's truce, and the effect of the 10.th Article of the Agreement, which followed thereupon the 8.th of January, 1610. and that for as much as the said effect was not performed by one or the other side during the time of the said Truce.  
67. The bounds of Flanders and other parts, shall be regulated in such manner as shall be found fitting, under the command of the one and the other side, the informations whereupon shall be expected and delivered, for to regulate the said Limits in due time.  
68 On the behalf and on the side of the said Lord the King of Spain, shall be demolished the Forts near and about Sluys: to wit, St. Jop. St. Denis, Sterre-schans, the Fort of Teressre, St. Frederix-Fort, the Fort St. Isabelle, St. Paul, the Redouts Papemuts; and on the side and on the behalf of the said Lords States, shall be demolished the Forts following; Namely, both the Forts in the land of Casant called Orange, and Frederick, the two on the passage, and all those which lie on the East side the river the Schelde, except Lillo, and the Fort on Kieldrecht called Spignola, for the demolition whereof on both sides there shall be an agreement made between both parties, for to regulate it equally.  
69. All Registers, Charters, Deeds, Proofs, and Papers, as also business of suits, concerning severally any of the United Provinces, associated Countries, Cities, or members of them, as also any particular Inhabitants of the same, remaining in the Courts, Chanceryes, Counsels, and Chambers of Policy, Justice, Exchequer, Manors, or Arches, either at Avenues, Mechelen, or other places under the obedience of the said Lord the King shall in good saith, be delivered to those, who from the side of the said Provinces respectively, shall have commission to demand the same, and the like shall be done on the side of the said Lords States, belonging to the use of the Provinces, Cities, and particular persons under the obedience of the said King.  
70. The water duty shall be left to the City of Sluys, as it belongs to it.  
71. The Dam made at Saint Denis for stopping of the river Sonte, shall be taken away and opened, provided a sluice lie and be made there, for the keeping of which sluice shall be equalised, as is here aforesaid, in respect of the demolishing of the Forts.  
72. In the present Treaty of Peace shall be comprehended those which before the interchanging of the opprobative ratifications, or within three months after, shall be named on both sides, within which time the said Lord the King shall nominate whom he thinks good; on the behalf of the said Lords States were nominated the Prince Landgrave of Hassia, Cassel, with his Towns, Cities and Countries, the Earl of East-Friesland, the City of Embden, the County and Country of East Friesland, the Hans-towns, and particularly Lubeck, Bremen, Hamburge, and the said Lords States do reserve to name within the said time all such others as they shall see good.  
73. Concerning the pretence of the Earl of Flodorp for restitution to be made to him of the house or manor of Leuten, with the goods which may depend thereon, and all other goods and towns which may thereabouts belong to him, and are seized on the behalf of the said Lord the King: the said restitution is granted him, as also of the house, provided that between the conclusion of this present Treaty and the ratification thereof, a disposition shall be made for the maintenance of a garrison on the behalf of the said Lord the King, and for the demolishing of the new fortifications made since the possessing of the said house.  
74. Concerning what was treated and agreed on between the Extraordinary Ambassadors and Plenipotentiaries of the said Lord the King, and States, on the eighth of December 1646. concerning Rutger Huygens, for and in the name of his wife Mistress Anna Margareta van Stralen, it shall have such force and effect, and shall be performed and executed, in all points, as if the same were inserted word for word in this present Treaty.  
75. And to the end this present Treaty may the better be kept, the said Lord the King and States do severally promise to assist, and each one in his place to use their might and means, to make the passages free, and to make the sea and rivers navigable, and sure against the incursions of Pirates, sea rovers, vagabonds, and thiefs, and if they can apprehend them, to punish them with rigour.  
76. They further promise, to do nothing against or in prejudice of this present Treaty, nor suffer to be done directly or indirectly, and in case it be done, to cause reparation to be made without any trouble or delay, And for the performance of all the premises, they bind themselves severally (yea, the Lord the King his own self, and his successors) and for the stability of the same obligation, they renounce all laws, customs, and all other things to the contrary.  
77. This present Treaty shall be ratified and approved by the said Lords, the King and States, and the Letters of ratification on both sides shall be delivered up from one to the other in good and due form, within the time of two months, and in case the same ratification can come sooner, all acts of hostility between both parties shall cease from that time, without tarrying the expiration of the term: Provided that after the concluding and subscribing of this present Treaty, the hostility shall not cease before and until the ratification of the said Lord the King of Spain shall be produced in due substance and form. and inter changed for that of the said Lords the States of the United Provinces.  
78. So that in the mean time things on both sides shall remain in such state and condition as they shall be found at the time of the concluding of this present Treaty, and until that the said reciprocal ratification shall be inter-changed and delivered.  
79. The said Treaty shall every where and where it is fitting be published, presently after that the said ratifications on both sides shall be inter-changed and delivered up, and then all Acts of Hostility shall cease.   

A COPY Of the full power of his Royal Majesty of Spain which was delivered to the Ambassadors of the High and Mighty Lords the State's General of the United Netherlands, being at present assembled at Munster; wherein his royal Majesty declareth the United Netherlands to be free and frank, without that he hath any pretence on them in any manner; as followeth.  
DON PHILIP by the grace of God King of Castille, Leon, Arragon, the two Sicily's, Jerusalem, Portugal, Navarr, Granada, Toledo, Valentia, Gullicia, Majorca, Minorca, Seville, Sardinia, Cordua, Corsica, Murcia, Jaen, the Algarves, Algerica, Gibraltar, the Canary Lands, the East and West Indies, the Lands and firm land of the Ocean Sea; Archduke of Austria, Duke of Burgundy, Brabant, Milan, Earl of Absburg, Flanders, Tiroll and Barcelona, Lord of biscay and Mechelen, etc.  
Whereas I do so far and so much desire to advance the rest and tranquillity of the Subjects and Inhabitants of the Provinces of the Netherlands, that they may cease from such a long cruel war, for the better attainiug of a general Peace in Europe, for the good of Christendom; And having by common and mutual consent chosen and appointed the City of Munster in Westphalia, for the Assembly and Treaty of the said Peace, I have found it convenient to nominate persons, who may in my name assist at the said Assembly with all authority and full power, and especially with the States of the free Provinces of the United Netherlands, or their Ambassadors, and Plenipotentiaries, particularly authorized and deputed, and taking into consideration the sufficient integrity, circumspection, experience, judgement and zeal to my Service, and the good of the rest of Christendom in general, which do concur in the Persons of Don Gaspar de Braccamonte and Gusman Earl of Peneranda, Gentlemen of of my Counsel Chamber, and of the Chamber of Justice, as also of my Extraordinary Ambassador in Germany, Friar joseph Ergaigne Arch Bishop of Cambray, and Anthony Brun of my High Counsel in Flanders; and for the satisfaction they have always given me in several and great negotiations which were laid upon them, and by them severally treated, therefore fully believing, that they all together, and each one in particular in the absence or inconvenience of one or the other, will have regard to the best welfare of Christendom, and my particular interests, I have nominated them for my Ambassadors and Plenipotentiaries, and by virtue of these presents, I give them jointly, and to each one in particular in the absence or inconvenience of any of them, full and absolute power to make an overture to the States of the said free Provinces of the United Netherlands, or to their Ambassadors, and Plenipotentiaries, who shall be thereunto especially authorised and constituted: As also to hear what shall be propounded to the pacifying of the said long and cruel war, moved in the Provinces of the Netherlands, and such which have grown from thence against the said States General in other lands and seas, lying far off, And in sequel thereof to enter into an accommodation with the said States general of the said free United Provinces, or with their said Ambassadors and Plenipotentiaries to confer, propound, agree, capitulate, and conclude, a good, firm, and inviolable Treaty of rest, either of Peace or of a Truce, promising for myself and my Successors for ever, to hold firm and valid, precisely and punctually, without any default, whatsoever by my said Ambassadors and Plenipotentiaries jointly, or by each in particular in the absence or inconvenience of any of them, shall be agreed and capitulated in the said Treaty with the said States General, or their said Ambassadors and Plenipotentiaries of the said United free Provinces: And also to approve and ratify it myself, within the time which shall be reciprocally appointed, with corroboration of an oath and all solemnities in such case needful and usual; In witness whereof I have commanded to dispateh these presents, Subscribed with my hand, and counter-signed with the Subscription of my Secretary of State;  
Given at Saragossa the 7th. June 1646. I the King. P. Coloma.   

The Contents of the Procuration of the Plenipotentiaries of the Lords the State's General.  
THe States general of the United Provinces, to all those who shall see these Presents, or hear them read, greeting, Do make known, That whereas we have heretofore upon all occasions shown ourselves very ready, with an upright will and intention, that the long-during, destructive, and bloody War in the Low-countries Provinces, moved many years since, and continuing till this present, might have been laid aside, for the common good of the said Provinces, and comfort of the good Inhabitants of the same; and whereby have also followed and grown the Wars in other places, and seas, lying a far off, which have risen against our Adversary, out of the said Low-countries War; And having by common consent chosen the City of Munster in Westphalia, for the assembling and treating of a general Peace in Christendom; We have thought good to nominate persons who with all authority and full power should assist at the said Assembly & Treaty, for to help to put an end to the said tedious, destructive, and bloody War moved in the Low-countrieses sa aforesaid: Therefore fully trusting on the wisdom discretion, circumspection, fidelity, and zeal to the service of the said United Provinces, of the Lords Bartholt van Gendt, Lord of Loeven, Meynerswyck, &c: Amptman and Dyckgrave of Bommel, Tielre, and Bommelerweerde, deputed for the Assembly of the Lords States general out of the Province of Gelderland; The Lord John van Mathenesse, Lord of mateness, Ryver Opmeer, Souteveen, deputed for the Assembly of the Lords the States general by the Order of the Knighthood and Gentry of Holland, and West-Friezeland; The Lord Adrian Pauw Knight, Lord of Hamsted, Hogersmilde, etc. Chief presiding Chancellor and Treasurer of the County of Holland, and West-Friezeland, and on the behalf of the same Province, deputed for the Assembly of the Lords the States general; The Lord John de Knuyt, Knight, Lord of the old and new Dosmer, chief and representing the Gentry of the States, and the Counsel of the County of Sealand, and of the Admiralty there, Chief Counsellor of his Highness the Lord Prince of Orange, ordinary Deputy at the Assembly of the Lords the States general; The Lord Godart van Reed, Lord of Nederhorst, Uredesant, Short-hoofe, Orermeer, Horst, Waest, &c: Precedent of the Honourable the Gentry and Knights of the Laud of Vytrecht, and in their names appearing at the Assembly of the Lords States general; The Lord Francis van Donia Lord of Humena, and Hialsum, etc. deputed for the Assembly of the Lords the States general on the behalf of the Province of Friezland; The Lord William Ripperda, Lord of Hengeloo, Bolburgen, Cavulo, and Russenburge, etc. deputed for the Assembly of the States general by the Knighthood and Gentry of the Province of Over Ysel; The Lord Adrian Clant at Stedum, Lord of Muttersum, etc. ordinary Deputy in the Assembly of the Lords States general on the behalf of the Province of the City of Groningen, and lands adjacent; the respective Deputies in our Assembly, and extraordinary Ambassadors in Germany, giving unto them jointly, or at least to the greatest part of them (in the absence or inconvenience of the other) full power and authority, general and special Command, for in our names, and on our behalf in the quality of Plenipotentiaries of this state, in the said city of Munster, to hear and understand from the Lords Plenipotentiaries of the mighty and most excellent Prince Don Philip the fourth King of Spain, the overture of what the same Lords Plenipotentiaries of the said King shall produce, for the removing of the said tedious, destructive, and bloody War, moved in the United Provinces of the Netherlands, and which hath caused war against our adversaries, in places and seas lying a far off, and in order hereunto to enter into a Treaty and Accommodation with the said Lords Plenipotentiaries of the said King, and to conclude a good, firm, just, and infrangible Treaty of Peace, as the Lords Plenipotentiaries of this State shall judge fit, for the most service and assurance of the United Provinces, the good Inhabitants thereof, and their Associates, and the interested in the said several tedious wars; And we have promised and do promise by these Presents in good faith, and under obligation of ourselves, and our successors, in general and in particular, always to hold good, firm, and of value, what by our said Plenipotentiaries concerning this shall be agreed and concluded, and to ratify the same, and infrangibly to keep it, and cause it to be kept, without ever to do, or suffer to be done against it in any manner directly or indirectly: In witness hereof we have caused these Presents to be paraphed, caused it to be sealed with our great Seal, and to be subscribed by our Secretary.  
In our Assembly in the Hage, the twentieth of March 1646. Parafied: Johan van Reed: on the fold was written, by Order of the said high Lords States general and subscribed Corn: Musch.  
Having the great Seal of the Lords States general in red wax, under appending, at a double ribbon of gold and red silk.  
In witness of all that which is afore said, we the Extraordinary Ambassadors and Plenipotentiaries of the said Lords, the King of Spain, etc. and of the States general of the United Netherlands, by virtue of our several Procurations or Letters of Attorney, have subscribed this present Treaty, and corroborated it with the Seals of our Arms.  
Done in Munster in Westphalia the 30th. of January, 1648. 

was Subscribed and Sealed:  
The Earl of Peneranda.  
A. Brun.  
Bartholt van Gent.  
john van Mathenesse.  
Adrian Pauw.  
I. de Knuyt.  
F. van Donia.  
William Ripperda.  
Adrian Clandt.    
FINIS.