INQVISITIO ANGLICANA: OR The Disguise discovered. SHOWING The Proceed of the Commissioners at Whitehall, for the Approbation of Ministers, IN The Examinations of ANTHONY SADLER Cler: (Chaplain to the Right Honourable the Lady PAGETT, Dowager) Whose Delay, Trial, Suspense and Wrong, presents itself for Remedy, to the Ld PROTECTOR, and the High Court of PARLIAMENT: AND For Information to the Clergy, and all the People of the Nation. Heu Pietas! heu prisca fides! PSAL. 102. 18. This shall be written for those that come after, etc. LONDON, Printed By J. Grismond, for Richard Royston at the Angel in Ivy-lane, 1654. To his Highness The LORD PROTECTOR: The Petitionary Epistle of A. S. Cler'. My Lord, YOur much Injured Petitioner, presents these his impolished Examinations to the judicious consideration of your Highness. For the Truth of Them, I shall be Deposed, or Exposed to a farther Trial; so it be, in Public, upon Questions given, and a time to Deliberate. It is the Comfortable Hope (as well as the Humble Request) of your Petitioner, that he shall be Protected, from the Malignancy of Prejudice: even the Prejudice of Mr. Nye the Commissioner, against whose over-busie-partiall-and-injurious Proceed, your Petitioner doth humbly crave, the benefit, of that justice; the Law, Reason, and Religion, may, or shall give— unto— Your Highness most humble Petitioner, Anthony Sadler. To the high Court of PARLIAMENT, The Petitionary Epistle of A. S. Cler'. Mr. Speaker, AS our Grievances are to be made Known unto you, so are they to be Redressed by you. I am therefore humbly-bold to implore your Legal Favour, that, these my Examinations, with the Proceed of the Commissioners, for Apprabation of Ministers, may be so taken into Consideration; that, (Religion, being maintained, and Justice done; and a Reformation, made) Glory, may be to God; Goodwill, to Men; And in Earth, Peace. And your Petitioner shall pray, etc. Anthony Sadler. Inquisitio Anglicana: OR, The Disguise Discovered. UPon the Reformation of Religion by King Ferdinand, the Spanish Inquisition was first Invented, by the Dominican Friars; for the Enquiring after, and the Finding out, and the Reclaiming of those, Moors and Jews, which lived in Spain, in a Formal, but not Real Submission unto the Church of Rome. The House for those Inquisitors, is very Strong; their Practice, very Strict; their Proceed, very Grievous: the Smallest Error in Religion, being punished, with Death, Exile, Imprisonment, or Confiscation. Their Flies or Informers, are very numerous; and let the Person Informed Against, be never so Innocent, he is sure to Suffer, if his Estate be Great. Whosoever Speaks in his defence, or Shows him any Favour, is to wear the Sambenito, to be publicly Whipped, and then Banished for ten years. If they Suspect or Malign any one, he is forthwith Apprehended, and put to the Rack, and if by Torments he cannot be drawn to Accuse himself, of Treason or Heresy, (which they lay to his Charge) than they Flatter him, and let him go: telling him withal, that (for their parts) they ever had a good opinion of him, and that he was much Bounden to their Lordships, who were thus ready to do him Justice: then they give him a special Charge, of Silence; which, if he keep not, they ipso facto commence a Suit against him, and then, without ever being Herd, he is either Starved, or Murdered in the P●ison. When any one is in Question, he must make means to come unto his Trial, which, if (after long-waiting, much-importu●ity, and greatexpence) he have, he is then brought into the Consistory, and let him Answer, What, and How he will, (if it be not to their minds) they tell him, that they are not satisfied, though they give no Reason, Why. The manner of their Examination, is, first by oath; which, if he Refuse, th●n an Indictment's drawn, and they charge him with Improbable, Incredible, and such things, as he never knew nor heard of. The several Articles, he must Answer to ex tempore, without any time of deliberation: then they give him Pen, Ink, and Paper, to set down his Answers in Writing; and if his First and Last Answers do any way differ, he is then certainly undone. I cannot make a full Parallel (God forbidden I should) between those cruell-Romish, and our— English Inquisitors: and yet— 1. THey have, both alike, a Grand Commission, to Authorise their Do. 2. Their Proceed are alike, Severe, to those they Disaffect; being very Partial, Close, Delatory, and Prejudicial. 3. Their Questions (be they Idle, Solid, or Captious) must be Answered to, alike, ex tempore, and upon the sudden. 4. They have, alike, by their Informers, Intelligence from all parts. 5, They are alike, Examiner's, Witnesses, and Judges in their own case. 6. And lastly, I cannot name the many ways they have, in the Spanish Inquisition, to Question, and to ruin the Person, whom they do Malign. Neither can I trace out the many Turn that Mr. Nye hath to Delay, or Delude, or Deny any Minister (though never so Worthy) Presented to a Living (though never so justly) of the (chargeable and newfound) Instrument, of their Approbation. If they Dislike the Minister (and probably like the Living)— Then— (I do not say, that they cannot Approve him, oh no, by no means, they cannot; because (forsooth) he is Disaffected, i. e. not of their Opinion, Or else, secondly, That his Answers are not to their mind, and therefore he is Insufficient. Or else thirdly, That there is a Caution against him, though he know not, by Whom, nor for What. Or else fourthly, That he carries his Hand by his side, and his Elbow up; and therefore he is Proud. Or else fifthly, That his Certificate is not Satisfactory, i. e. they do not know the Subscribers, or not believe them to be Godly. Or else sixthly, That he shall not have that Living (though some other he may) let him do what he will. Or else seventhly, That his Voice and Tone likes them not; and therefore he hath not the Gift of Utterance. Or else eighthly, That he speaks too quaintly, and therefore is he a mere Humanist, and one that hath not the Spirit. Or else ninthly, That if he will resign his Living quietly, he shall have a round sum of money so to do. I do not say of any of these things; no, I doubt not, but Mr. Sammois, and Mr. Hart, and the rest, will appear in their own cases: but this, I can, and do, and will say, that—)— — Then, they first Question the Form of his Certificate, and reject That: if This will not do, Than secondly, They Scruple the Persons, subscribing, and reject Those. If This will not do, than thirdly, He is (after three weeks it may be, if not much longer attendance) called for, and Examined: and that a first, and a second time; by five, and then by nine Commissioners: They use all the ways they can, to Baffle him, two or three speaking at once to confound his memory, or Invalid his Answers. And if this will not do, Then— after a Long, and Strict Examination; they bid him. Withdraw, and call for him no more— And This, is my particular Case, which is here fully Recollected, and now Presented to the Public View; by way, both of Appeal, and Apology: an Apology, for myself; and an Appeal, to The Lord PROTECTOR and The High Court of PARLIAMENT, I (Anthony Sadler, a Minister of the Gospel, Inwardly Called thereunto, by the the Spirit of God; and Outwardly by the Ordination of Doctor Corbet, Bishop of Oxon, in the year 1631,) was (upon the Death of the Incumbent Presented (by the Lawful Patron to Compton Hayway, a Living in Dorsetshire, May the 25. 1654. According to the Ordinance (for my Institution and Induction I submitted myself to the Examination of the Commissioners, in that case provided. I put in my Certificate upon the 10 of June; which (waiting constantly upon them) was (upon the 14 day) Rejected, and Redelivered me by Mr. Nye the Commissioner, saying, It was no Certificate.— The form of which was this: Whereas the Bearer hereof Anthony Sadler, a Minister of Gods most holy Word, and my Domestic Chaplain, having demeaned himself very Commendably in the Performance of his Place, and Duty; Preaching upon all occasions, both sound and comfortably, as well to Others, as to myself, and Family: I thought good (he being now called to a more public Execution of his Function, for the Glory of God, and the Instruction of his People) to Attest unto all those, to whom these Presents shall come, That the said Anthony Sadler, is a well-deserving Person, and of right godly Life, and Conversation. Mr. Nye asked me, If I had not seen the Ordinance? I told him, No. So his Son shown it to me; and then, and there, and thence, I Transcribed their own Form; which, upon the 19 of June, I exhibited, with the Hands, of— LETICIA Lady PAGETT. WILLIAM Lord PAGETT. GEORGE MANLEY, late Justice of Peace. JOHN VINER, Minister of Westminster. EDWARD MARTIN, now in Commission. ANTHONY TINGLE Clerk of the Abbey at Westminster. I waited day after day for Nine days, after this: using all the lawful means, I could, that I might but come unto my Trial. My Delay was very Troublesome (though not, it may be, Chargeable, as that of Mr. Tailors was, who came from York to London, and being Called, Examined, and Approved, at three week's end; was yet stayed seven weeks after; and at the last, (having spent above 20 li.) was enforced to return without their Instrument; because (as M. Nye told Him; and He, Me;) His Certificate was not Subscribed by Hands they knew.) I say, my Delay was very Troublesome, causing me to Trifle away my Time, to Neglect the Duty of my Place & Calling: at last, (being Wearied with this strange Attendance) I sent in a Note to Mr. Nye, & Mr. Peter, humbly entreating them, That I might have the Favour to be Examined, for I had waited almost three weeks. About twelve a Clock, I went away, (having a Family-duty to perform to an Honourable Lady.) I was no sooner gone (so Curious are They to observe their time) but I was Called for, and not being there Then, word was brought me forthwith, That the Hands to my Certificate were not approved of: That Afternoon their Clerk told me as much, and so gave me again my Certificate, and my Presentation both. (I say my Presentation, for, This they kept all the while, that they might be informed of the Value of it) After this, (that I might not leave any way unassayed to come but to a Hearing) I made my Address to the Master of the Rolls, (now Mr. Speaker) who Subscribed thus, THis Gentleman, Mr. Sadler, hath Preached before me, with very good Approbation of me; and I did before that time hear, and I was so informed, that he was a godly Minister. WILLIAM LENTHALL. And to Doctor Temple, who Subscribed thus, I Have received a good Testimony of Mr. Sadler, and do believe him to be a man of Abilities to Preach the Gospel, and of a godly Conversation. THO. TEMPLE. Mr. Stevens, and Mr. Arnold, (high Burgesses of Westminster) and Mr. Morrice, a person well known to Mr. (one of the Commissioners) these gave me their several Hands, to the former (those beforenamed and Rejected) which (being all together to one and the same Certificate) upon the first day of July, I delivered to their Clerk, and upon the third day I was called in before their Worships, and Mr. Nye having the Chair, began thus: The first Examination before five Commissioners, July the 3. 1654. Nye. Question. What is Regeneration? Sadler. Answer. It is our Incorporation into Christ by Faith. Nye. Q. What, body into body? Sad. A. No, Christ's body is Mystical. Com. Q. What's Regeneration? Com. Q. What's Generation? said another▪ both of them speaing at one time. Sad. A. Regeneration is our New birth in Christ. Com. Explain your meaning, that's but the word in the plain sense of it. Sad. A. Regeneration is distinguished from Sanctification, saith Wilson. Nye. Q. What, Wilson 's Dictionary? speaking ironically. Sad. A. If you take Regeneration and Sanctification both as one, then— Regeneration is a work of God's Spirit, to bring the Will of Man unto the Will of God. Com. That's something indeed. Sad. The Definition, is a learned Authors. Com. You may allege Popish Books. Nye. Q. What, is the Will only Regenerated, not the Understanding? Sad. A. The whole man, both Outward and Inward. Nye. Q. Is Regeneration a Substance, or an Accident? Sad. A. I do not well understand your meaning. Nye. It's plain, Answer— Sad. A. Here I made a pause, as being much troubled in mind, at so captious, if not ridiculous, a Question; and being silent— Mr. Nye said again— Nye. Q. In what Predicament? Sad A. In the Predicament of Quality. Com. Q. But are you Regenerated? Sad. A. Yes. Nye. Q. Make that out. Sad. A. I conceive you mean the work of grace in me. Com. Q Well, and when was that? Sad. A. About thirty years ago. [How old were you then? said Mr. Nye.] I was in my * Though secret Devotion be always Private; yet Private Devotion is not always Secret. secret devotion. [He means Private, said Mr. Nye, both interrupting, and deriding me] I was Kneeling and Praying, that God would give a certain Evidence of his Spirit; and show some good token upon me for good: whereupon, I heard, as it were, a Voice, saying, I have a blessing for thee, I will not fail thee, nor forsake thee. Nye. Q. What, was it a Voice, was it Audible? Sad. A. No, not in a Vocal way, it was a Motion. Nye. Q. Was it not a Delusion, as Eve 's voice to Adam? Sad. A. No, I know it was no Delusion, but a good Motion: I know it was, because a good Motion is always in express words of Scripture, or Consonant to it: a Delusion may have some part of Truth, but not All: as the Devils was, when he Tempted our Saviour, with a Piece of Scripture. Com. Q. And you are sure, that you have the Grace of God in you? Sad. A. Yes, I am as sure I have a life of Grace in me, as I have a life of Nature. Com. Make that out. Sad. A. As I have Breath, Heat, Sense, and Action in my Body, so have I in my Soul. Com. Q What is the Breath of the Soul? Sad. A. My Longing, and Thirsting after God. Com. Q. What is the Heat? Sad. A A Zeal for God's Glory, and my Affection to him. [Then spoke two more of them, but what, I minded not, being intent upon the Allegory.] Com. Q. What is the Sense of the Soul? Sad. A. An Apprehension of my Indisposedness, and a Sense of Sin. Com. Q. What is the Action of the Soul? Sad. A. The good works I do, as works of Piety and Charity. Nye. This is all one, a thing studied— Nye. Q. What is Faith? Sad. A. It is a Knowing, a Believing, and a Depending upon Christ, saith one; or, as saith another, It is the Believing not only of God's Word to be True; but a firm Persuasion, that the Truth and Promises of that Word, belongs to Me. — Here (they not hearing, or not regarding what I said, nor suffering me to speak a word more) I was frowned upon, and commanded to Withdraw. So I went out, and heard no more of it. In the Afternoon I came again to know their Worship's pleasure: and meeting with Mr. Nye, I desired to know the issue of my Examination: He told me, The Commissioners did not approve. I than asked him, what he would have me do? He told me, nothing could be done till there were nine Commissioners together. So, between five and six a clock (there being a full Table) I was called in again, and then (though Mr. Tombs had the Chair, yet) Mr. Nye thus said to me, You were not satisfied with what the Commissioners did in the Morning; but you desire a further Trial of your Parts. Then said Mr. Tombs— The second Examination before nine Commissioners, July the 3. 1654. Mr. Tombs. Quest What is Original Sin? Sad. A. It is the Corruption of our Nature, through Adam's fall. Com. Q. Is Actual or Original sin greater? Sad. A. Actual. Com. Q. Is Pride or Murder, a Greater sin, than Original? Com. Q. Is the Branch, said another, greater than the Root?— That is well put, said a Third. Sad. A. Yes, Original sin is less than Actual; for, Actual sin is the Aggravation of Original: there be degrees of sin. Com. Q. Did Adam sin Willingly or Unwillingly? Sad. A. Willingly, for, his Will was Freevill Com. Q. Was God Willing, or Unwilling of it? Sad. A. It is a dark Question, I conceive, with submission to your judgement; that, there was a Willing-Unwillingnesse. Nye. Q. Where do you find that in Scripture? Sad. A The Question is as dark as the Answer. Com. Q. What think you of Indeliberate Motions? Sad. A. I do not well understand you. Com. Q. Motions to Sin, before Consent are they Sinful? Sad. A. Not Sinful, if not Consented to. Com. Q. How so? Sad. A. Because they be the Devils Suggestions, and are laid to his Charge. Com. Q. Why, what are the Motions in our sleep, when we dream of killing, or doing any other wickedness? Sad. A. These Nocturnals are not sinful neither, if when we do awake we do not Remember them, or Relate them with Delight, or any Yielding to them. Com. You told us in the Morning, that you were sure of the Grace of God in You. Sad. A. I did. Com. Q. How have you that Assurance? Sad. A. By Faith. Com. Q. Is Faith Mediate or Immediate? Sad. A. It is Immediate as God's Gift; but ordinarily, it is Mediate, by the Word and otherwise. Nye. Q. Do you Believe CHRIST, before you knew him; or Know CHRIST, before you do Believe him? Nye. Q. How do you Exiricate yourself? Sad. A. I Know whom I have Believed. Com. Q. What Evidence have you, that you Believe in Christ? Sad. A. Because I have a Zeal to his Glory, a Sorrow for Sin, a Reluctancy against Sin, and I Apply the Merits of my Saviour to myself, saying, as Thomas did, My Lord, and my God. Com. Q. Is He your God, and your Lord only? Christ died for All, and shall not All have the Benefit of his Death? Sad. A. No, I know Christ's Death is Sufficient for as many Worlds of men, as there be Men in the World: but surely, it's not Effectual to All: it's to all Sorts of People, but not to All people. Com. Q. Why not to All, as well as to You? Sad. A. Because God will have Mercy, on Whom he will have Mercy.— Yea, said Mr. Tombs, and Whom he Will, he Hardeneth. Com. Q. Doth God Harden any Ones Heart? Sad. A. Yes. Com. Q. How can God Harden the Heart, and not be the Author of Sin? Sad. A. God is said to Harden the Heart, when he Withdraws his Grace. Com. Q. If God Withdraw his Grace, when he might Hinder Sin, Is He not the Author of Sin? Sad. A. God hath a threefold Precept: a Precept of Trial, a Precept of Obedience, and a Precept of Conviction. Com. Q. Give Examples of each of them: What is the Precept of Trial? Sad. A. That, by which, God Tempted Abraham. Com. Q. What is the Precept of Obedience? Sad. A. That, which God gives to his Elect: when he gives them a Command, and Grace therewith, to Perform the Command. Com. Q. What is the Precept of Conviction? Sad. A. That, under which the Wicked lie; which, though they cannot Perform, yet God is not the Author of Sin. Com. Q. What is the Chief Point, in all the Scripture? Sad. A. CHRIST, and Him Crucified. Com. Q. Are you Justified by Faith? Sad. A. Faith is my Righteousness, and Faith is my Justification. There is a Justification before God, and a Justification before Men. There is actus Vnus, and actus Successivus. I am Justified by Faith, as Faith is the Instrument, or Hand, whereby I say hold upon and Apply the Merits of my Saviour, to my poor Soul: and Faith is my Righteousness, as its Correlative, in reference to Christ's Merits. Com. Q. But, all this while, here is no mention made, of Love to the Brethren. Sad. A. I could not love God, if I did not love the Brethren, All my delight, saith David, is upon the Saints. Com. Q. How long have you been at Westminster? Sad. A. These seven years. Nye. Q. Do you know no Minister but Mr. Viner? Sad. A. Yes, I knew yourself, and Many others. Nye. Q. Do not you know Mr. Rood? Sad. A. Yes, but I have no Acquaintance with him. Com. Q. How came you to know Doctor Temple? Sad. A. I have seen him many times, at my Ladies, and I have been with him at Battersy. Nye. Q. Had you never any Living, or Cure? Sad. A. I never had any Living absolutely; I had a Cure at Bishop-Stoke; which after the Living was Sequestered, I had 20l. a year allowed me by the Committee of Southampton, as Mr. Major can affirm. My greatest time I lived was, with Esquire Sadler in Hertfordshire, I was his Chaplain eleven years.— Sir, were it not, that I have a Zeal to advance God's Glory, I would not take this Preferment; I thank God, I can live, as I am. Com. Q. What do you say of the Church of Rome, Is it a True Church or no? Bishop Hall says, it is a True Church, and the Priests and Jesuits, and He that was Executed the other day, said, It was a True Church: What say you? Sad. A. It's no True Church. I think the Church of Rome, is as a Virgin Deflowered; She was Pure, but she is Defiled. — Then, they bid me Withdraw. I waited to be Called in again (according to their Custom) to hear the Result: but I was called for no more; insomuch that when they Risen, I followed Mr. Nye, and asked him of the issue of my Examinations; He told me, The Commissioners did not Approve; I asked the Reason why; but, he seemed to slight me, and went away without speaking any farther to me. I went forthwith to Mr. Peter's, and told him, I was sorry, that I was not thought worthy of their Approbation: He answered, That the Commissioners had not yet Concluded any thing, and that it was upon Suspense. About a Fortnight after, I met with Mr. Lockier, and desired him, That a Vote might pass, with me, or against me: He said, There was a Vote, and bid me ask the Clerk: whom, upon the 7 of August I did, and having the Book reviewed, there was only this Recorded, That such an One was Examined, and no more— The 14 of August I wrote a Letter to Mr. Nye,— the Copy whereof is This— Worthy Sir, BEcause I have been twice Examined, first by Five, and then by Nine Commissioners; and nothing as yet Determined (as upon Record) either for me, or against me; and because my Life and Doctrine is generally known; and I am Commanded by some Persons of Quality, to Satisfy the World, and to Justify myself, so fare, as to a prudential Vindication: And lastly, because my Sufficiency for my Calling, is, by You, Obliquely, in the Negative: I have followed the advice of my good Friend Mr. O. Sedgwicke, in making this Address unto your Reverend Self. Sir, I beseech you, to hold the Scale with Piety, and Prudence; and let it not be turned by Policy, or Prejudice. Fac Aliis fieri quod cup is ipse Tibi, is, a Gospel Precept; and even Mahomet also, in his Alcoran, makes it Obligatory. Remember (I pray you) the Mottoes upon the Spoaks in Sesostris Wheel: Imagine my Case, Yours; and let God, and a good Conscience guide you, as you will Answer it, at the Dreadful Day, of the Lords Coming. You know Master Nye, that every one hath not the Boldness, it may be, the Ingenuity, it may be, the Memory (no, the Ablest Scholar is sometimes Indisposed, and Dull; and Haesitates at That; which, at another time, he is Facetious In) to Answer Quodlibets ex tempore, and to make out upon the sudden, the Gifts and the Graces, which are in him. It is well known, I have, in this City, Preached (and the Text given me) upon a Days Warning. I have, and shall again (as occasion serves) Preach, both Practical, and School-Divinity; This, for Manifestation in regard of my Sufficiency; and That, for Edification, in regard of the People. I know, a Teacher of God's Word, hath a fourfold Duty; and the Word of God, a fourfold Use; Three Practic, and One Contemplative. I know, bonae sunt in Scripture is sanctis Mysteriorum profunditates; quae ob hoc Teguntur, ne Vilescant; ob hoc quaeuntur, ut Exerceant; ob hoc autem Aperiuntur, ut Pascant. Credimus, ut Cognoscamus; non Cognoscimus, ut Credamus. Optimus est Lector, qui dictorum Intelligentiam expectet ex Dictis, potiùs quàm Imponat; & Retulerit magis, quàm Attulerit. Sir, give me any Controversed-Theologicall point, but That, of , (which was never yet Decided by Ecumenical or General Council) I shall be, your humble Respondent in any Public Audience. I must Entreat you, to Pardon my Boldness: I confess, the Prophet Excusabat se per Verecundiam; and the Apostle affirms it, by a Question of Abnegation, 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉? and yet, the same Apostle was enforced to a kind of Vainglory; if I am so, You have Compelled me; and I crave your Excuse. My Credit, and my Livelihood, are both Reflected on by the Suspense of your Vote; and the Contingency of your Approbation. Mr. Peter told me, nothing was Concluded, and the 7 of this instant Aug: I had the Book Revised, and found it so. I humbly crave an Ultimate Answer, and a Positive Conclusion, upon my Examinations, (which I have fully Recollected, and can produce) my Patron will Present none other, till That be done. If You please to Approve me (as God, and the World hath, by my Meet Gifts, and Lawful Ordination) I shall (God willing) Employ my Talon, to (my utmost power) the best Advantage: but— if you are resolved to Disapprove me, let it be (I pray you) upon Record, and the Reason why; that (saving your Compliment) Aftertimes may know it, as well as You— This is the humble, and but just desire, of Sir, Your Servant in the Lord, A. S. Of this Letter, I had no Return; but— This was (as were my Answers, my first Certificate, and second Subscribers) Nauseated by his— Worship: so that, (as if his Will were the Law; his Power Unlimited; and both Unquestionable) I am strangely kept (in an Arbitrary way) under the Hatches of their (displeased) Pleasure: yea— and all this (to the loss of my Time, Living, and Preferment) without any reason rendered me. Being therefore Enforced (I say Enforced) to this True Relation, and but Just Appeal; I hope, the Lord my God, will so Bless it; as to be Successful, to his Glory, and the Public good. The End.