King David's CASE Applied To King James AND King William; IN A SERMON Preached at Christ-Church, Dublin, on the Fifth of November, 1691. By John Stern, Curate of St. Nicholas within the Walls; and Chaplain to the Right Honourable Sir Charles Porter, Lord High Chancellor, and One of the Lords Justices of Ireland. If your delight be in Thrones and Sceptres, O ye Kings of the People, honour Wisdom, that ye may Reign for evermore. Wisdom of Solomon VI XXI. DUBLIN, Printed by Andrew Crook on Ormonde-Key, and are to be sold by Elishal Dolson at the Stationers-Arms in Castle-street, and by Robert Thornton, in Capel-street. 1691. A SERMON ON Psalm IU. Ver. 2, 3, 4. O Ye Sons of men, how long will ye turn my Glory into Shame? how long will ye love Vanity, and seek after leasing? But Know that the Lord hath set a part him that is Godly for himself: the Lord will hear when I call unto him. Stand in awe and sin not: Commune with your own heart upon your bed, and be Still. GOdliness supports the Throne; and more sets off a Crown than all its Jewels: it makes a King safe in the Protection of Heaven; Strikes his Enemies with Terror; and in his Subjects raises an Expectation of many glorious Days under his blessed Reign. Such Royal Virtues enriched the soul of Henry the VII. (Emperor of Germany) that (as a very faithful Historian informs the world) ab uno ipso laborantis Imperil modela speraretur, it might have been reasonably expected that by him alone the whole Body of the languishing Empire should have been restored to an healthful State. And did not the many and great Military, Civil and Religious Accomplishments (well known unto more than the Christian World, in the famed Achievements) of our present Monarch, bear up the linking Hearts of all our Protestant Kingdoms, with the justest Hopes of seeing (one happy day) all the Miseries that oppressed or threatened our Church and State seasonably removed or prevented by his Successful Arm? And, according to such an Expectation, the careful Providence of God (the All wise Disposer of Crowns and Sceptres) has been so signally displayed in a long Series of Mercies to him; in carrying on and in completing that truly Christian Work; that a man must be either wilfully blind, in not observing, or basely ungrateful, in not acknowledging that his Royal Person was the Chief Instrument of God in that surprising Revolution, which is deservedly the Joy of the present Generation, and which will be the Wonder of future Ages. The sudden News of such a Deliverer's Coming into England, on this memorable Day, was I conceive, to many, (as the Angel's Message was unto the Shepherds, at our Saviour's Comlng into the World) Good tidings of great Joy. for, as if he had been a greater Light made to rule the Day of our Deliverance, he still grew stronger as he advanced; and with his prevailing Beams soon dispelled those Clouds which had long hung over our Heads, making all black and melancholy round about Us. Yet (as the inconstant Jews presently forgot God their Saviour and lightly esteemed Moses his Servant whom he had chosen to conduct them, with Wonders, towards Canaan) how soon did too many repine at the forward and almost uninterrupted Approaches of their own Happiness, and Slander the Footsteps of their great Deliverer? Such is the uneasy humour of some that they are always discontented under their Oppressions, and yet always undervalue the relieving Hand; so that neither a Popish, nor a Protestant King, nor yet a most merciful God can please them. Such dissatisfied Creatures were the Men that both by secret and open Methods opposed our Royal Psalmist. Tho' God had excluded Saul for his wickedness & given his Kingdom to a Neighbour that was better than He; and tho' David was anointed by Samuel at God's express Command, yet how many in the Kingdom of Israel joined their Endeavours with Saul's Malice, to obstruct David's just Accession to the Crown? And, when Saul was fallen ingloriously on the Mountains of Gilboa, how many laboured to promote the Interest of his Family and to disturb King David in his Possession? Not only Foreign Nations (the Jebusites and Philistines, the Moabites, Syrians and Amalekites) set themselves against him; but (as if there had been a joynt-conspiracy to cross the fixed Resolve of Heaven) a considerable Number of the Jews complied with Abner's design, to place Saul's Son upon the Throne. This (as many Judicious Expositors do conclude) was the special Occasion upon which David composed the present Psalm. In the first Verse he appeals to God as the Witness, Judge and Defender of his righteous Cause; gratefully owns his past Mercies to him in the Day of Trouble & humbly prays for future; and then in our Text addresses his Speech unto the Sons of Men by a double earnest Interrogation (implying at once the greatness of his own Concern and of their Folly in opposing him) How long will ye turn my Glory into Shame? how long will ye love Vanity, and seek after lies? How long will ye think to deprive me of that Honour which God's Goodness has conferred upon me? How long will ye look upon me as an Ambitious Usurper and expose me as such unto the scorn and contempt of the people? How long will ye make it your Business and Satisfaction to contrive, encourage and carry on such traitorous Counsels, Designs and Plots against my Life and Crown, as will most certainly prove vain Devices and lying Imaginations; most grossly disappointing all your big Hopes of compassing my ruin in the end? God has already often heard my Prayer, and enlarged me when I was in Distress; and therefore he will hear me when I call upon him hereafter to confound your Devices. Be not therefore, O ye Sons of Men! any longer so bold and foolish as to persist in such unsuccessful and and unjust Attempts; but know (assuredly) that I am so far from ambitiouslly aspiring unto the Throne of Israel that God has qualified me (by his holy Oil) for the Government of that People, over whom he hath wonderfully set me apart, or in an extraordinary manner made me King; that I may Act for himself, for his Honour in promoting his true Religion in the Land; and thereby advance the Happiness of all his People committed to my Charge. Having thus acquainted you with the most probable Occasion of this Psalm; and given you a very natural Explication of our Text in particular; I shall not any further enlarge upon the words as relating to K. David and his Enemies, either in Saul's or his own Court; but raise from them one Proposition of more general concernment; and fairly apply it to the Double Blessing which we ought to celebrate this remarkable Day; Namely, the great deliverance of our three Kingdoms from Popery by the timely Discovery of the Gun-Powder-Treason, to the peaceful K. James the First; and the great Deliverance of the same Kingdoms, from the same misery, by the seasonable coming of King William the Third into England: For tho' his Landing was designed on the Fourth of this Month, Providence deferred it till the Fifth; as if the Birth of so great a Prince (of the Ancient and most Illustrious House of Nassaw) and his Marriage with so great a Princess as our now Most Gracious Queen, had already sufficiently signalised one Day to after Ages; or as if it would make us more mindful of God's mercies to us on the Fifth of November, by delivering us twice from Popery on the same day; in the Years 1605. and 1688. A Year as wonderful for God's bringing safely King William's Navy to the salvation of England, as the Year 1588. was for God's destroying the King of Spain's Armada, which (as if it had been really Invincible) proudly threatened England with a most dreadful Invasion. So that three days especially in this Month of November deserve a more particular Remark in our Reformed Kingdoms. The Fourth on which (in the Year 1650) God with an hopeful Prince of Orange blesled, not only the United Provinces (for such a Blessing was too great for one particular State) but the whole Protestaut world; and on which also (in the year 1677) God blessed the same Prince of Orange with a Royal Consort: The Seventeenth, on which the Light of the Gospel, after the black Night of Queen Mary's Reign began to shine forth in the Glorious Rising of Queen Elizabeth; And the Fifth, on which a most Horrid Work of Darkness was designed for the final Extinction of the same Blessed Light, but, was (at the very Midnight immediately foregoing) most happily discovered, by the wonderful Providence and Mercy of God to her Successor, as well in the defence of the truly Catholic and Apostolic Faith, as in the English Throne, K. James the First. The History of this Damnable Plot, and this unexpected Disappointment to the bloody Hopes of Rome, will ensily come under this one Proposition, which (according to my Promise) I now raise from the two first Verses of my Text. Tho' Godly Kings (wonderfully set apart by God) do answer God's expectation in making his true Religion their principal Care, yet the Sons of Men do often vainly endeavour to appose their Persons and to disturb their Government. What can be more evident to all the world than the Truth of this Assertion in the many Contrivances & Designs against K. James, both before and after his coming to the Crown of England? Should I particularly acquaint you with all the illegal, base Methods which the Enemies of that Crowned Head took, to hinder his succeeding in the Throne of England, my discourse would soon swell beyond the ordinary limits of a Sermon. Therefore (considering especially that most of this Honourable Auditory are no strangers to the transactions of our own Kingdoms) I shall be content to take notice but of one Historical Passage in relation to K. James, which may be sufficient to demonstrate how vainly the Sons of Men contrived & endeavoured to turn his Glory into Shame. This day will tell you that I mean the Gun-Powder-Treason: A Wickedness so detestable to all that have not cast of Humanity, and so great in itself, that it neither needs, nor will easily allow of any Aggravation. But the more Universal and Cruel It was in the Intention of our Enemies, the more gratefully should we acknowledge the merciful Providence of Almighty God in delivering from it (as on this day) K. James, with the three Estates of the Realm of England, assembled in Parliament; to the Glory of his Name and the Preservation of the Protestant Religion in these Kingdoms. When many secret Plots had been laid in vain and many open Attempts had proved unsuccessful; when neither the thundering Curses of Four Holy Fathers (Paul the iv Pius the V Gregory XIII. and Sixtus the V) nor the great Condescension of Pope Pius the iv could prevail: when neither the Spanish Armada nor the Italian Arts could speed against the Providence of Heaven (which carefully preserved the Learned and Religious Queen Elizabeth, to the forty fifth Year of her Reign, and the sixty ninth of her Age) Pope Clement the VIII (wisely foreseeing the vanity of striving against a Monarch that was so much the delight and care of Heaven) thought it the most politic way, to provide timely against any other Heretic's succeeding in the Throne of England. And the more effectually to compass this Design of His Holiness, two Breves were speedily dispatched into England; strictly enjoining both the Clergy and Laity not to suffer any but a sworn Papist to take Possession of the Crown, after Q. Elizabeth's death; or (which was the same) not to let K. James be King of England. From this Command of the Pope, the Gun-Powder-Treason (or the Plot of blowing up the Parliament house) (according to Camden and other good Historians) took its Rise; for these Breves had so powerfully wrought upon Catesby (the Contriver) that (altho' his Holiness' Design had been long negotiated in vain) he could never be quiet; nor content to be damned alone: but having by the ready Assistance of the Devil, luckily hit upon this compendious method of destruction by Gunpowder; and thinking the Plot of some of his party against the King's particular life, but a pitiful under taking, and not any considerable service to the Catholic Cause; he brought several, (by degrees) into his own Conspiracy. A design which (as we learn from the Confession of Guido Faux (the person that boldly undertook to lay the lighted Match unto the Trains of Gunpowder) Catesby judged most, proper, because it was sittest that Justice and Punishment should be executed in that Place where their Religion had been (in their opinion) unjustly suppressed by Penal Laws. But were the Jesuits unconcerned in a Plot for Murdering an Heretical King and People? No certainly: it had fixed an eternal Blot upon their Character, had they been idle when their great Master the Devil (who was a Murderer from the Beginning) was close at Work: These fiery Spirits therefore (besides other Encouragement and Assistance) assured the Laity of a plenary Absolution; soon removed the Scruple of their tender Consciences about destroying the Righteous with the Wicked (Catholics and Heretics together) and more strictly obliged them All to perform their Oath of Secrecy and Perseverance in the great Undertaking, by their own addred Sacrament. All this being done; and all the necessary Materials (not for building but) for blowing up the Parliament House (being at length conveyed into a convenient, hired Cellar, the joyful Day drew near: but the Letter sent unto a Noble Lord, from one of the Conspirators (to dissuade him from appearing in the Parliament house, on the fifth of November, and upon a deliberate, repeated Review of which the Gunpowder Plot was happily discovered) was mistaken in telling him, that God and Man concurred at this time to punish the Iniquity of the Times. The Sons of Men indeed, were ready; but God (with a watchful Eye of Mercy and Compassion) saw the nearness of our danger, and all the Plotting of our Enemies? 'tis God's time and Prerogative to save in the greatest extremity of Danger: to save Isaac from the very Altar, Daniel from the Den of Lions; and the three Children from the burning fiery Furnace. Such a Deliverance looks like the Deliverance of a God; & such a seasonable Salvation does most magnify his Power, his Wisdom and his Mercy. So far was the Merciless Project for an utter Extirpation of the Protestant Religion, carried on with all imaginable Secrecy, that for all the frustrated Attempts in Q. Elizabeth's Reign towards a Resetlement of Rome's Supremacy in England, Her overjoyed Agents promised themselves now an ample Recompense and Satisfaction, in their effecting this Masterpiece of Villainy, that might Supersede the Labour of any other Treasonable Contrivances. But, though, Rome had brought the Mighty Work unto the Birth, She wanted Strength to bring forth. How vain is the Devil's and the Jesuits Consult! how unsuccessfully do they Club for the Ruin of a Kingdom when Heaven is pleased to Thwart their Destructive Designs! They may confidently say (as in the forementioned Letter to the Lord Mount-eagle) Men shall receive a Terrible Blow, and yet shall not see who hurt them; They may pray for the Success of any Bloody Design against all they Damn for Heretics (as the Gunpowder Traitors did) Prosper, O Lord, their Pains that labour in this Cause, day and night; Let Heresy vanish like Smoke, and let the Memory of it perish with a Crack; all this while that God unto whom nothing is secret, to whom the darkness and light are both alike, beholds all their Revengeful Labours; sees every Step they silently advance in their Designs; and laughs at their Folly. He hears their Uncharitable Prayers; but it is to disappoint them, for the Salvation of his Anointed, and the Happiness of his People. Many Devices are in their Hearts; but the Counsel of the Lord, and that alone shall stand; even when the Wicked fall by their own Coxtrivances; as the Gunpowder Traitors did: Some of them (among whom was Catesby, the Subtle Inventor of the Plot) being Disabled by the Providential Blowing up of Gunpowder itself, which they were preparing for the Destruction of others; as if this had been purposely designed to make them more sensible of their lately intended Mischief: Some being actually killed in their hasty Flight, upon the Unexpected Discovery of their Bloody Purpose; particularly, by One Shot, both Catesby and Percy; from whose Dwelling the Powder was brought undiscovered, into the Cellar under the Parliament, House: And others, being apprehended, experienced how Benesicial the Plot won'd be (as their Confessors told them) in the Consequences of it; as Beneficial as being fairly Hanged for Treason. Thus was The Lord known by the Judgement which he Executed; By trapping thus the Wicked in the works of their own Hands. And since God did so opportunely deliver our Forefathers, at the very Midnight before that Morning in which they were appointed for the Slaughter, by so Great, Surprising and Wonderful a Mercy all the Sons of After Generations should be Confirmed in a Comfortable Hope of God's Favour towards them, when their Enemies seem to be in the greatest probability of compassing their Destruction: For God is the same yssterday, to day and for ever: his Hand is not shortened that he cannot save Now, as well as in Former Ages, Godly Kings and States professing his Holy and Eternal Truth. In Extreme Distress therefore, let the Resolution of every one of us be (like that of Eliphaz in the book of Job) I will sack unto God and unto God will I commit my Cause: unto God who doth great things and unsearchable; marvellous things without number: who disappointeth the Devices of the Crafty, so that their hands cannot perform their Emerprise: he taketh the wise in their own craftiness; and the counsel of the froward is carried headlong: but he saveth the poor from the Sword and from the hand of the Mighty. God does often give such a Deliverance to his People as is joined with the Consusion of their Enemies: The same Sea opened a Way for the Israelites and a Grave for the Egyptians. So that the Plots of the Wicked are vain; not only because they are commonly frustrated in their Hopes of ruining, by them, Religious Kings and States; but also, because they prove in the end most destrnctive, of their own Temporal as well as Eternal Happiness. Thus tho' the Gunpowder Traitors said (in effect) among themselves, Come and let us root them out that they may be no more a People; that the very Name of Protestant may be no more in Remembrance; yet they imagined such a Mischievous Device as they were not able to perform: they digged a Pit and sunk into the midst of it themselves: Their Intended Mischief against the Lord's Anointed, like Arrows shot against Heaven, returned upon their own Heads, and their Wickedness fell upon their own Pates. So perished those Discontented Gentlemen; and so let all their Enemies perish, O Lord; but let them that love thee be joyful and glad in thee; and let all such as delight in thy Salvation say always, the Lord be praised. That this Duty of Thanksgiving may be more cheerfully performed, let Us now (our Proposition raised from the two first Verses of our Text being dispatched) take into Our Consideration the Third Verse (containing the Royal Psalmist's Exhortation, inferred from his foregoing Address to God and Man) and Apply it to the Case of all such as are disaffected to the present Government Stand in awe and sin not: Commune with your own Heart upon your Bed and be still. When we are withdrawn from the Distracting Noise and Hurry of the world; and the Stillness of Night favour's our Recollected Thoughts, we are well disposed for a Solemn Meditation on the most weighty Matters; for a serions Reflection on our own ways; on our Duty to God and the King. At such a Season therefore does the Psalmist advise his Enemies (who had long in vain opposed his Government) to reason with themselves about the wickedness of their Undutiful Carriage towards him; and to have an awful Regard to the Omnipresent, Omniscient and Almighty God, as a special means to keep them from sinning against his Anointed; for Plots carried on against Godly Kings, God interprets as Acted against his Divine Majesty, whose Vicegerents they are in this lower World. Such is King David's Confidence in the Justice of his Cause, that he seems willing to refer the whole matter unto their own Consciences: would they but lay aside all Passion, Pride, Revenge ' or Private Interest; and give themselves time to judge calmly of things according to Reason & Equity; he does not in the least doubt, but that upon such a deliberate Communing with themselves about the Folly of their Proceed, they would soon be still or desist from all Traitorous Designs and Seditious Practices. Here then, let us a little while reason together, about a quiet Submission to that Mighty Monarch whose Glory too many have vainly endeavoured to turn into Shame; tho' God has wonderfully set him apart for the Preservation of his People and the True Religion, in more than our own Kingdoms, For the Restoration and Security of the Romish Worship, many Plots against King James the First, both in Scotland and in England were Contrived and Carried on. but Heaven disappointed all. And as the like Reason (or Pretence rather) engaged the Sons of Men in the Last Reign, to make use of the most Unjust Methods and most Lamentable Shifts to put King William for everby the Succession; so the same God did not only enable him to Conquer all those Difficulties, but has also since, Confirmed him in the Possession of the Throne by a Completer Victory over his Enemies. The Hand of God has been so visible in cutting off many of them; in driving others round the Nation; and in scattering some from one Kingdom to another, that some of themselves have heavily cursed their Pretended Heir to our three Kingdoms, as one Great Cause of all their Miseries. The Prince of Wales indeed sounds like an Immediate Heir to the Crown of England; but that Adopted Child of Royal Grace might have been as properly called King of Salome as Prince of Wales; for we know neither his Father, nor Mother, nor Descent; neither his Beginning of Days, nor (since he is got into France) are we like to hear of his End of Life. So that (to borrow the Expression of a Learned Paraphrast concerning Melthizedeck) he stands in Story as a kind of Immortal Prince, without any Successor. Tho' this Cheat was too gross to pass with the more Discerning People, yet certainly it might, in time, have made a good Aftergame for a great part of the Nation; and the longer such an Imposture had kept Possession in the Minds of Men, it would have been removed with greater Difficulty. Timely, therefore, did the Prince of Orange (too Wise to be Imposed on by a Pack of Women, Knaves and Jesuits; and too Brave and Daring to be frightened out of his Undoubted Right by any Hunslow Campaigns) Resolve upon and prepare for the Deliverance of three Kingdoms from Popery and Slavery: and on this Noted Day he came: He came the Great Defender of our Faith, and all that is dear to us in Mortality. And since Almighty God has been so Prodigiously Merciful to these Nations as to raise up such a Mighty Deliverer for us in the Day of our Distress, let us (when we are out of the Throng of Worldly Concerns) consider with ourselves how little Reason we have to be Dissatisfied under the Present Government; or rather how highly our Careful Monarch has obliged us all to study to be quiet and do our own business and so, make his Reign easy unto him and a Blessing unto ourselves. The Sun has not twice gone his Annual Round since God and King William went forth with our Army to Battle and to Victory: And can we already forget what Miseries we Suffered and what we Feared? Had not the Alwise God put a timely stop to the Violent Proceed of some Papists (who strongly influenced the whole Party) we might easily have foreseen that our Nation (in a short time) would have groaned under all those Miseries which our Brethren (of the Reformed Churches abroad) have suffered under the Unmerciful Powers of France. We cannot surely but remember, when men imagined craftily against us; and Gravely laid their Heads together in a Mock-Parliament House, to undo us with One Consent; when they said (and were as good as their word) Come and let us take to ourselves the Houses of God in Possession: And is it a Grateful Return for a Deliverance from such Inveterate and Implacable Enemies, and the Restoration of our Pure Public Worship, for any to continue still so foolish as to imitate the peevish Israelites. who desired a Deliverance from Egypt, and when they were Delivered as earnestly wished to return unto their old Slavery. O ye Sons of Men! How long will ye live Dissatisfied, as if you prayed for nothing more than to have our Holy Altars again abused by Superstition and Idolatry? how long will ye love Vanity? As if you would be glad once more to see this House of God sinely Dressed with Babies and Pictures; the Entertainment and Diversion of Children & Fools. Men should consider that as Relapses in the Natural Body are commonly more Fatal than the First Disease, so, should we again fall under Popery, our Last Estate would be worse that the First. And shall any endeavour to bring upon themselves and others their Former Miseries, with an Unsupportable Addition of New Calamities? Let us therefore be so Truly Wise as to Commune with our own Hearts about these things; and be still under the Present Dispensation of Providence. Surely (whatsoever may be the Opinions of any Interested Persons in our own Kingdoms) Foreign Nations will Condemn us for perfect Madmen, if we do not, in this our day, so consider the Things that belong unto our Peace, as to sit still under our own Vines and Figtrees, and cheerfully eat the Fruit of our own, and of our Royal Master's Labours. Since we have the greatest reason to address unto our King as St. Paul did to his most Noble Faelix, Seeing that by thee we enjoy great Quietness, and very Worthy Deeds are done unto this Nation by thy Providence, we accept it always, and in all places with all thankfulness; Seeing we are obliged unto so Just an Acknowledgement, surely we should be so far from harbouring any Seditious Murmur or Disloyal Thoughts, that we should rather every night (before we give any Sleep unto our Eyes or Slumber to our Eyelids upon our Bed) earnestly beg a Blessing upon that Royal Person through whose most Generous Affection, most Undaunted Courage and most Prudent Conduct we all (under God) do dwell in Safety all the Day, and lie down in Peace at Night. Should any Dissatisfied Persons object against this, that since the Papists Live and are Mighty, 'tis in vain for any Preachers to talk of dwelling safely; I reply to such in our Saviour's words, why are ye fearful, O ye of little Faith? Since God has at sundry time, and in divers manners delivered their Fathers and themselves from a great Death; from the Lion and from the Bear, they ought with the United Strength of Faith and Reason, to conclude that (if they put their Trust in him) he will yet deliver them from every Uncircumcised Philistine. And I would have them consider moreover (as a full Answer to all such Unreasonable Murmur) that it is not their Business to understand the Deep Intrigues of State; and that it must be a very Impertinent Boldness to inquire into the Secret Reasons of them: let them therefore mind what more nearly concerns them, and (particularly) at this time, the Generous Spirit & Quiet Carriage of Mephibosheth under the loss of his own Estate; as it is written for our Instruction in the 2. Sam. 19.30. When the King had given part of his Estate to the Treacherous Ziba, saying, Thou and Ziba divide the Land: Mephibosheth (in the Transport of his Unmanageable Joy, at the General Happiness of the Nation, upon King David's returning home from Battle) does not only consent to what King David granted unto Ziba (his Malicious Enemy) but (as if the Safety of a King, on the Preservation of whose Royal Person the Public Welfare did depend, had been a sufficient Portion for any Loyal, Affectionate Subject) he thus resigns his whole Estate; Yea, let him (let even Ziba that laboured to take away my Life and Reputation) take all, seeing that my Lord the King is come again in Peace to his own House. The Application of this Historical Passage being very easy, I hope you will make it unto yourselves: for I cannot allow myself the Liberty of any further Enlargement. To close all therefore; Since we have now such a Godly Protestant King and such a Pious Protestant Queen upon the Throne, as our Kingdoms have never enjoyed together: Since God has Signally Blessed with many Victories (shall I say, or with one continued Conquest) our Glorious General (whose Immortal Actions, not only the Present Generation but late Posterity (after all that their Gratitude can perform) must leave to be Completely Rewarded in a rieher world, when God shall have put all Enemies under his Feet; even the Last Enemy that shall be destroyed, Death itself;) In a word, Since God has Mercifully Answered all our Prayers, and Disappointed all our Unreasonable Fears and Jealousies; let not the harsh, Ungrateful Voice of Murmuring interrupt our more sweet, acceptable Acclamatinons of Joy: but Stand in awe, and sin not against God or his Anointed; Commune with your own Hearts upon your Beds and be Still. FINIS