ADVERTISEMENT  
CHymico Medicus: Or, The Chemical Physician. Giving a rational and true Account of the Fundamentals and Perfection of Chemistry and Physic, in Examples and Demonstrations of, 1. Distillation. 2. Rectification and Exaltation of Vinor Spirits. 3. Tinctures. 4. Oils. 5. Salts 6. Powers and Oleosums. Set down in such a method, as to retain the Specific Virtue of Concrets in full Power and Force; with their Medicinal Properties, Nature, Qualities, and Application for most Diseases: Recommended to all Physicians, Surgeons, Chemists, Drugster's. etc. and all such as love the knowledge of true and natural Philosophy. By W.Y. M. D.  
Tryon's New Art of Brewing Beer, Ale, and other sorts of Liquors, so as to render them more healthful to the Body, and agreeable to Nature, with less Trouble and Charge than generally practised; with the Art of making Malt. The third Edition. 12ves. Price bound 1 s.  
— Wisdom Dictates: Or, Rules Physical and Moral, for preserving the Health of the Body and the Peace of Mind; fit to be regarded by all that would enjoy the Blessings of this World: To which is added a Bill of Fare of 75 noble Dishes of excellent Food, without either Fish or Flesh. 12ves. Price bound 1 s.  
The Measurer's Guide: Or, The whole Art of Measuring made short, plain and easy; showing how to measure any plain Superficies, all sorts of Regular Solids, Artificers Works, viz. Carpenters, Joiner's, Plasterers. Painters, Paviers, Glaziers, Bricklayers, Tilers, etc. with the Art of Gauging; of singular use to all Gentlemen, Artificers, and others. By J. Barker. 21 ves. Price bound 1 s.   

THE Britannian Magazine: OR, A New Art of Making Above twenty Sorts of ENGLISH WINES, VIZ. Of 

Apples,  
Pears,  
Peaches,  
Cherries,  
Plums,  
Sloes,  
Damasins,  
Quinces,  
Figgs,  
Goosberries,  
Mulberries,  
Currens,  
Blackberries,  
Elderberries,  
Roses,  
Carnations,  
Cowslips,  
Scurvygrass,  
Mint,  
And Balm, etc.   More Pleasant and Agreeable to the English Constitution than those of France. With the Way of making Brandy and other Spirits: As likewise how to make Artificial Clarets, Rhenish, etc.  
The Second Edition.  
To which is added, The Foundation of the Art of Distillation: Or the true and genuine Way of making Malt into Low-Wines, Proof-Spirits, and Brandy-Wines, compliant to the late Act of Parliament concerning Distillation.  
By W. Y. M. D.  
London: Printed by W. Only, for T. Salusbury, at the King's Arms, in Fleetstreet, 1694.   

Dr. Worth's LETTER, IN Answer to W. R. Gent. In which the Foundation of the Art of Distillation is handled, being a Key to the following Treatise.  
Esteemed Friend,  
YOurs I have received, and having consulted the Matter therein contained, I shall in brief return you this, by way of answer, to what is there desired: First, I need not to make any Apology to the Distillers concerning the publishing the Grounds of that Art, seeing 'twas with a design to serve the Public. And, secondly, as to the Book itself, and the Process therein contained, which some, when they saw the Copy, were of opinion, that I had there made the Art too plain; whatever others may think, I can sincerely say, That I took a Medium in my Writing, that so the true Enquirer might receive profitable Instruction thereby; and if any thing may remain yet dubious in any point, for want of knowing the Phrase of the Land, I shall be ready to explain myself, as I have promised in my Book, in order to gratify those that design the public good, and I hope you are of this number, as the shadows of your Letter seem to appear; and in Answer to your Request, I have sent you the true and genuine way of working of Malt into Low-Wines, Proof-Spirits, and Brandy-Wines: I have set forth my Experience concerning Distillation in such a Method, that none of the London-Distillers can object: Thus,  
First, Heat the Water a little above Bloodwarm, that is to say, between Bloodwarm and scalding hot, and then, the Malt being in a Mash-Tub, add so much Liquor to it as is sufficient, just to wet it, and this is called Mashing; then row or stir it up very well for half an Hour together, 
Observe, Some let every Liquor stand an Hour on the Grain.  till 'tis all mixed in every part; then cover it over close with a Mashing-cloth; strew it over with fresh Malt, and let it stand an Hour and half or two Hours; and then let off, and mash again with fresh Liquor, and row it up as before, but let it not stand above an Hour, and so a third time, but then let it not stand above half or three quarters of an Hour; some will wet their Malt a fourth time, but in my opinion 'tis not fit to still, but only for making small Beer, or being warmed to put on fresh Malt in another Mashing.  
Now every Wort that comes is pumped up out of the under Back into the Cooler, there to cool, and then from the Cooler into the Wash-Backs, and there let it remain till all the three Words come together; and by the way observe, thou art neither to hop nor boil thy Wort as for Beer; now when this is down in the Back, add to it of good Yeast, and work it up as for Ale; now as the Yeast rises beat it down again, and keep all the Yeast in, and let it work 5 or 6 days, in which time 'twill be ripe, which thou may'st know by these signs: 'Twill work itself down again flat, and then the thick Yeast will sink to the bottom, and what lies on the top will be a kind of an hoary or yesty head; and you are to observe, That your Wash must neither be sour nor sweet, but taken in a medium between both; for than 'twill be most profitable for the Distiller.  
Now, when you have proceeded thus, pump up the Wash out of your Back into the Still, and observe as you pump, to row or stir up all together, that so the thick in the bottom may be brought up; the Still may be filled something more than half, or two thirds at the most; then clap on your Head, and make a good Fire, until it gins to work; the Head may be put into the Worm, and all luted fast; and the Still being brought to work, the Fire may be damped with wet Cinders, Ashes, or the like: Now in the first Extraction in drawing off your Low-Wines, 'tis very observable, that some Malt will at the beginning run off a Can or two of Proof-Spirits, and then it generally runs very long; other Malt will sometimes run as long, altho' at the beginning not so fully proof; now your Low-Wines being all run of, 'tis observable they will by lying much better themselves; for which reason some clap them in the Sun to sharpen them, others in a cold Cellar to make them mellow, which indeed ought to lie 10, 15 or 20 days, before you proceed to a second Extraction: now, as they come fine by rectification, into high Spirits, they will lose by lying.  

RULES to know what Quantities may be extracted from every Quarter of Malt.  
YOu must in the first place make about 50 Gallons, or something more than three Barrels of Wash, and that in the first Extraction will make 32, 34, or 36 Gallons of Low-Wines, and these Low-Wines, if you let them lie, will in the 2d Extraction make 11 or 12 Gallons of Proof-Spirits, nay, some Malt will make 13 Gallons, especially if in the 2d Extraction you add a Can or two of Water into the Still, and such Malt will run two or three Cans, or 7 or 8 Gallons Proof-Spirits, if it be a great Still.  
Thus much (Esteemed Friend) for this part: I shall now answer what remains, sc. in Page 60. concerning Aqua Vitae; for I say, these Rules do agree with that Brewing, where I say the Wort is not fully rich of the Malt, and therefore to be distilled as soon as 'tis well wrought; but if it is to be made into very strong Beer, than it must be boiled and hopped, and lie to stolen, the longer the better, so it keeps its body: For this reason stolen Beer, Cider, old French Wine and Rhenish, are at all times fit to be worked. And again, Concerning the Dutch way of Mashing, in Pag. 61, 62. I say, 'tis the most advantageous way, with this Proviso, that you prevent the Low-Wines from a tangue or the Still being burned, by drawing of the Liquors, knowing the use of a Press, which will bring forth all the substance. And again, What you query in Page 64. concerning Honey, Sugar, and Molossus, the quantity of the Water there is an Error in the Press, as you may see in the Errata; for it must be 34 or 40 Gallons of Water at the least to that weight; and the Water being made a little above Bloodwarm it must be stirred and well united together; and being dissolved, add your Ferment, and work as the Book directs. Glauber advises a sixth, seventh or eighth part of Water; but I say, that is too much; for it will not yield so large a quantity of Spirits; but he says, it makes it the more grateful. But the other way you may have 10 or 11 Gallons of Proof-Spirits from 100 weight of Molossus.  
Now as you desire to know when for certain Spirits are fermented, take this rule: Take three or four spoonfuls in a little Dish in the lefthand, and a Candle in the right, and throw the Liquor in the Dish on the Still-head, being hot, and what runs down clap the Candle to, and if it burns, 'tis well wrought, but if it burns not, and clings clammy to the Hand like sweet Wort, then is it not fit for stilling until better fermented.  
Now what you query concerning Backs going backward, and not kindly fermenting; how to raise it again, I know no better thing than hot Liquors and new Ferment, sometimes adding either Rhenish Lees, Tartar, or a stone or two of Calx vive Mustard, Rape, French Sweets, etc. as we have spoke in the Book. Thus much shall suffice concerning the first and second Extraction, we shall now proceed to the third, called Rectification.  
Indeed Rectification is that on which the whole of our Art depends, and about which there is so great a Noise made in the Town, and he that doth perform it best must needs be the best Artist. Now we say, that the whole Art of Rectification consisteth in bereaving every Spirit from its external Sulphur, and reducing it to its Vita media, or middle Life, a middle Nature being introduced, naturalizating it so that of Brandy; which to perform, some rectify from Bay-Salt, others from the Lees of Wine or Cider, with addition of Clary, Orrice or Ginger, etc. in such a quantity as only to give it a tangue or flavour, and every Extraction they add a pretty quantity of Water into the Still, the more to mellow and fine the Spirits; and having brought them to fine Wares, they may be allayed by Water or Liquors to proof. Now 'tis observable, that most or all English Spirits are of that nature, as to return to their old Friend, Mr. Hogo, if they lie long, as the Wares about Town do plainly manifest, let them be ever so highly drawn; and therefore there is no other way, but to perform it by such things, as by their homogeneous Nature will lie and mellow and exalt the Liquors; concerning which we shall treat of more at large, for your satisfaction, in our Second Part, as it passes the Press. So in the mean while, desiring your acceptance of this at present, I remain Yours at command in all that is agreeable to the Public Service:  
W. Y-worth, Spagirick Professor, and Teacher of the said Art in all its Parts.    

TO THE Friendly Reader By way of INTRODUCTION.  
READER, whosoever thou art it concerns me not, so that thou art but diver after the Knowledge of Nature and her Mysterious and Secret Operations; for 'tis to such that I present these my Labours: The matter herein contained are some Rivulets, flowing from the grand Fountain; for that all particular forms ●ook their Original from the most general, and are to this day maintained with a quick'ning power and activity of that universal Spirit, that nourisheth the great Fabric of this World, and every Individual part thereof; and to speak more plainly, numberless are the Infants, that suck Nourishment from the Breast of this their general Mother; and the thing most to be considered is, that in and through all this, she is not the least debilitated in her strength, or exhausted in her vivificating power.  
Therefore 'tis mostly requisite for every Artist, that bends his Wit to the study of true Philosophy, to consider and endeavour to comprehend the nature of things as they are; and as they originally received their impressed forms, as 'twas stamped on them by the great Creator, and how they flowed into the Elementary World, where the blessing of multiplication was given, by means of a Seed to that end enclosed in them, and an irrevocable law established, viz. that every thing was to multiply in its kind; for although the providence of God was such, that the multiplication should proceed from the general Spirit, yet it was so ordained, that the determination of the same should be by particular forms; this great truth is plainly to be discerned, as the Spirit floweth and passeth through the Ocean of the great World, and every part thereof; for certain therefore man being a little World, and (as I may say) Lord of the Creation, it was so preordained, that this noble Creature should receive the comfort and benefit thereof in some degree or other.  
For 'tis to be observed, that when the Microcosmical. World was finished, and the Bl ssing of Multiplication given to all things in their kind, (as before said) at the close of all man was made, a Microcosmical one, an abstract and emblem of all the works of Wonder, and as he was created in a degree, surpassing other Creatures, so had he degrees of Honour conferred upon him equal thereunto; for he was not only made Lord of the Creation, but also was placed in the superior Theatre thereof, viz, In the Garden which the Lord God had planted Eastward in Eden, Gen. 2. v. 8. and v. 16. the Lord God commanded him, saying, Of every Tree of the Garden thou may'st freely Eat, except of the Tree of Knowledge of Good and Evil; that was the forbidden fruit, for doubtless this Tree being adorned with so much Beauty, and pleasantness, was s● as an object, to see if man would transgress against his Creator for fading, Shadowy delights, which could produce no other covering but Fig leaves, with which too too many in this age are covered.  
'Tis very observable, that our first Parents were no sooner beguiled by the Serpent's subtlety and pleasantness of the Fruit, but they found by experience, that this Fruit of Disobedience, which they had Eaten, was tinctured with death; for as they were in a state of Innocency, and in the favour and presence of God, so on the contrary they became in a state deplorable; for the wrathful Fire stirs up immediately Horrors, Fears, and dreadful Amazements, and hearing the voice of God, were afraid, and hid themselves from his presence; and although a general Woe was pronounced unto the whole Creation for Man's transgression, yet the All-mercifull God provides for Man a fountain and stream of Love, which by their Virtue was to extinguish this wrathful Fire; for Christ is promised in these words, where 'tis said, The Woman's Seed shall break the Serpent's Head, and many are living Witnesses of the blessed fullfillings hereof, which, as it floweth forth in its universal operation is to kindle in the bosom of its receiver, principles and practices, agreeable to its divine Nature; for such that are thus truly awakened, breath unto the Lord, and travail in Spirit, with this earnest desire, that all their Species may have the benefit thereof, as knowing that Grace is Universal, and extends to all that will receive the ingraffed Word, which, as the Apostle saith, is able to Save to the utmost; therefore, O Man, if thou art destroyed, thy destruction is of thyself, as the Scripture saith; for 'twas evident, that our first Parents did not only lose the Presence and Favour of God by transgression, but also were driven out from their Habitation, viz. the Garden of Eden, and a flaming Sword was set on the Cherub, turning overy way to preserve the Tree of Life; for thus much I will affirm, that the Fruit thereof belongs not to such that are in the state of Disobedience. Now Man having lost his greatest Dignity, I shall consider him, and his Office, as he is placed in the great field of Nature, stating in some degree, the difference between the Original and fallen State, as may be discerned in these three Observations.  
First, 'tis to be considered, that Adam (who was the Father of all Mankind) was as the Names imports, created of a red quintessential Earth, yea, in the very Image of God, and was endued with such Wisdom, that he knowing the Nature was able to give a Name to all things, and as it had a symbolising Harmony to the general or particular Forms, and as the Caracteristical Power had its degree of Purity on the specificating Sulphurs, or as they were more interwoven with emerged corruptions, so were they named; let it be how it will, 'tis plain, that the Beasts of the Field, and the Fowls of the Air were brought unto Adam, to see what be would call them; and whatsoever Adam called every living Creature, that was the name thereof; for doubtless in this State he had all ●●e advantages of beholding the same in the great Looking-glass of Nature, or that Globe of Wisdom, whereon the Theological Mysteries did more on its Axis, by the resplendent Rays of Light, which give sound Judgement, and opens the Nature of created Being's as they are, and shows general Science; for that in this vegetative Garden, the universal Spirit must abundantly flow, even the first Ens of that which supplies the great Fabric of the World; and every individual part of the same: For as the Learned, and truly Inspired say, that every Atom is a Microcosmical Globe, and internally contains some Essential Ideas of a Paradyssical Purity, and Man, Lord of all, who was created in the Image of God, and endued with Superiority to Rule, and excellency of Wisdom to know things, as they primitively were; such was the Dignity of Man in his Office in a Primitive State; but in a Fall it State, Man is able to comprehend nothing aright; for his Understanding is become darkened, being blinded by the God of this World, running only after the carnal Imaginations of their own Hearts, which are filled with Vanity, Pride and Self-conceit, living in a fading and transitory World, subjected to Fears, Agonies, yea, Griefs and Sorrows, Puneries, Wants and Diseases, and in fine, Death itself, which makes a change between the Pure and the Corrupted, in order to prepare him for another more lasting Possession, etc.  
Secondly, 'tis to be observed, that Man was placed in the Garden Eastward in Eden, to dress and to keep it, this was the excellent Office of Man in the state of Innocency, when all things that were created by the great God, were very good, which is abundantly more Superior than that which he is now in; for he was put forth is Till the Ground, which hath received the effect of the Curse for Man's sake: For the Earth was to bring forth Thorns and Thistles; and as Man was there to eat of every Tree of the Garden (the Tree of Knowledge of Good and Evil only excepted) freely; now must he eat his Bread by the sweat of his Brows, and exceeding hard Labour; for why, the Creation is more thickly covered over with the vail of Corruption, which doth stand abundantly more in need of a Help-mate, than primitively it did, so if Man's Office, as it is to be a Help-Mate to Nature, so doth it require more pains and Industry to perform the same: For although this Nature (God's Handmaid) doth flow forth in her vivifying Power, yet things could never be brought to any true degree of Perfection, much less to any beautiful Form, without the help of Man, as plain to be discerned, in the fruitfulness of a well inhabited Land, and the barrenness of those that are not so; Nature therefore now stands in perfect necessity to be helped forward by the excellent Artificer, Man▪ for now 'tis not only to be dressed and pruned, and superfluities to be removed out of the way; but also there must be Delving and Tilling the Ground, Manuring and Setting with great diligence, if ever he designs to exalt the Beauty and Form of her appearance to any degree of Perfectness, it must be by a continual and regular ordering thereof: The truth of what is here said, is known to every Vine-dresser and Gardener, and such other Husbandmen, that do industriously improve their Fields to the greatest advantage; and here some men's excellency outdoes others, as may be seen by many examples in their improvements; but still all this must be performed with abundance of more pains and labour, than originally they were.  
A Third Observation is, seeing the excellency of Man was such, as to be adorned with Wisdom and Understanding, to know things in their Primitive state as they were; so now he is deprived of the same, and 'tis impossible for him to arrive to any degree of Perfection therein, either to rule or dispense aright of his Office, except he ask it of the Lord, as Solomon did to rule the Kingdom of his Father, that it might be for the Glory of God, by dividing and adjusting things according to the balance of Truth, sound Reason, and firm Judgement, this was so acceptable to the Lord, although his Petition was great, yet that he asked was small, in comparison to what the Lord bestowed on him; for to him was not only given Wisdom, but Riches, Honour, and Length of days, and in so great Superiority to others, that there was none, either before or after him, that were to be compared to him; and this proceeded from his right ask: Now, this Solomon in all his Writings, prefers Wisdom before any other Gift; for he says, That all things are but dung and dross in comparison of it, and O Man! One of the principal Seals of Wisdom, is to know thyself aright, and in doing that thou wilt know from what thou wast Created, and for what end; thou wilt also know the difference between the Primitive and Fallen State; also by what Power thou art upheld, and from whence Wisdom must proceed, and what that Power is, that flows into the Centre of thy Soul, that carries a transmuting Power with it, of changing the vilest of Sinners into the best of Saints, and in knowing this, thou wilt certainly know thy Office and Power, and what Degrees and Measures are so to be taken in thy exercise thereof; for now thou wilt know the right use of the Creatures, and in such a way, that God may be Glorified: For as the Apostle saith concerning such, The recompense of reward was before their Eyes, looking towards a City, which was not made with hands, but the builder and maker thereof was the Lord; they know that in all states, Man hath the excellent Principle of Immortality in the Synterrisis of his Fabric, which was to be dissolved from thence, and to receive the reward of her Deeds, etc. This will cause every Man to consider with himself, how he may walk, so as to walk aright, For the fear of the Lord is the beginning of Wisdom, and to hearken unto Truth, that is Understanding; therefore I hearty wish that every Man might know the station the Lord hath placed him in, and how to improve his Talon aright, for we are not to be like the slothful servant, that tied up his Talon in a Napkin, and buried it in the earth, and when the Lord examined the reason thereof, he complains that he was a hard Master; but this I can testify, that God requires of no Man more than he hath given him: For where much is given, much is required; some had five, some ten, and others fifty, here the improvement was to be according to the principles; for the right use of five Talents had the same reward as the improvement of fifty; for the Widow's mite mentioned in the Gospel was accepted by the Lord; as a deed of great importance, for that she had cast in her all.  
Now I shall examine by what hath been said, how the Inhabitants of this Land do proceed in improving their Talon, or prising the great and manifold mercies bestowed on them; In our opinion the returns are very small; for very few there be (in comparison to the multitude) that are found, that do rightly consider the greatness of the mercies bestowed on them; but on the contrary are swollowed up (as I may say) in the excess of abomination, the intemperance is such, that they turn the grace of God into wantonness, as is too too evidently seen by the grand debaucheries this Age aboundeth with; for the Sons and Daughters of Men delights too too much to inhabit the wrathful sphere, and from thence send forth principles and practices agreeable to such a Nature, for they are not satisfied in their negligence in giving their obedience to the word of God, but daily start up new Atheism and Schismatical Doctrines to plead for and maintain their damnable lust, which indeed flows into the Pit of Destruction, these have the Austere and Lustful principles so kindled by their intemperance, that there ambition is such that they lust at all; and are never satisfied without they could enlarge their Tents and Borders to the greatest of dignities, they are for building and enlarging their Barns and Store houses, which points forth the end of their desire, which can be nothing but to Eat and Drink and be merry, and enjoy themselves in the pomps and pleasures of this World; but let them remember what was said to one in the Gospel, Thou Fool this very Night thou must or shall die, and it may be in his Sins too; and what must be his portion, seeing there is a Woe pronounced against such that die in their Sins, and 'tis a very heinous one not to use the mercies of God aright; for that which was designed to them as a Blessing they turn to a Curse, and thus are guilty of depriving their selves of the great benefits, designed by the bountiful God for their Temporal and Eternal Welfares, and so may expect at the final end, the dreadful Sentence of Depart from me ye workers of Iniquity, and the Body, Soul, and Spirit, as they rise again, to be east into the wrathful Fire, there for ever to remain, for as the Prophet saith, the Worm never dies, nor doth the Fire go out.  
Therefore while ye have time prise it, and esteem not the Shadowy Fig leaves, beyond the covering of God's Spirit, nor the forbidden Fruit more than obedience to God's Command; for who would willingly lose the comfort of a matchless Paradise, for a dreadful portion amongst Dogs and Sorcerers, without the Walls of the Holy City, which every true Christian both Man and Woman ought to labour to be delivered from; so indeed ought all so to do by Temperance, Humility, Fasting and Prayer, and by a steadfast Faith in Jesus Christ, by whose merits, and by the blood of the Covenant, we are so bountifully redeemed, etc. Thus much for such general Considerations; I shall now come to lay down some Benefits as they arise from Temperance, and other disadvantages that proceed from the neglect hereof.  
First, the benefits that proceed from Temperance are many and wonderful, as may be in part discerned from what hath been already said; for then the body is more free, and the judgement more sound to discern things aright, for the illuminating Spirit acts most freely in pure Tabernacles, for as Moses, that chosen Prophet of God laid down Temperance through his Four Books, as a main hinge of Salvation; 'tis the very same in the great World, for a Temperate Season makes a Fruitful Harvest, and in some sense the whole Creation stands in an Harmony, both in the greater and lesser World, having a Sympathy and  together; so that, if any one part rejoice or suffer, as 'tis a member of the great body that will feel of the effect.  
And if it be so as really it is, why should not Temperance be observed in the right and moderate use of the Creature, by which means health is wonderfully preserved, and long Life expected; for why the Spirits, or the Chariots of Life being kept brisk, serene or free, and not burned with stupifying and obnoxious Vapours, retain their power in preserving the qualities in a due and equal Temperature; thence the Archeius and internal fire have power Spagirically to exereise the office in dissolution, fermentation, separation, purification, distillation, exaltation, digestion, and maturation of the alimentary parts, by which the fabric of the body is supplied in all its parts, and maintained in due decorum; nay by this means the Spirit, Soul and Body are strengthened, the mind so fitted and qualified, as to search into the most obstruce Secrets of Nature, and such by consequence may sooner expect to obtain Universal Science than others, and understand what is delivered by Moses concerning the original Chaos, viz. In the beginning God created the Heaven and the Earth, and the Earth was without form and void, and darkness was upon the face of the deep, and the Spirit of God moved upon the face of the Waters, with a lux fiat, which soon proclaims its embassage, and separated all the distinct natures that lay unfruitfully hidden in the Pavilions of Confusion, such was the activity of the All searching Spirit of God, as to exalt from thence a World of substantial Harmony, adorning every part with unexpressable beauty; from which words it is plain to be conceived, that the Original of all things was a Chaos, void and without form, ye, a confused Mountain of Water, which was potentially all things, yet actually nothing; from whence did not only proceed the World (as is said) but also that Fountain and Universal Spirit, which preserveth, nourisheth and maintaineth, multiplying and succouring being; to this very day from hence also proceedeth by the Fire of Conflagration the Chaos Magical, the true Exaltation of which, is the greatest of Spagirical Operations, that ever the great God revealed to mankind: For out of that proceeds not only the Authors Sal Panaristos, but also Paracelsus' Sal Enixum, and the Sal Mirabilis of the wise, together with the Liquor Alkaest, and Universal Mercury of the Philosophers, with their Aurum potibile, and grand Panacea; as also the perpetual lights of the Magis, with their Malleable Glass, their Tyron purple, and Crimson dye, and other such like Mysteries, which are only ordained for the wise in heart to enjoy: For such, by their temperate Life, are not only fitted for a search, but also when obtained, know how to make a right use thereof; and for their reward, they have not only Wisdom, but also Riches, Honour and length of days; so that Temperance is a virtue highly to be esteemed of, seeing it is an inlet to many others, and such as will produce the most blessed Fruits that are to be enjoyed on this side Immortality; therefore recommended to all as a most precious Jewel, which if received and practised, that will find the wonderful and effectual Virtues thereof; and thus I shall conclude Temperance to be the cause of much good.  
Now as to Intemperance, it is on the other hand the cause of as many Evils; For we see by experience, that the Glutton never esteems the Benefies that proceed from Temperance, for that he is never so well satisfied, as when he is gormandizing himself, making his Belly his God, as I may truly call it, for that he riseth in the Morning, and scarce ever ceaseth lifting his Hand to his Mouth, until he hath made himself drunk, and absorbed all his Faculties in the excess of the abomination of the Bestial nature; nay, worse than the Beast of the Field, for they answer the end of the Creation, taking that in Nature which is sufficient for their subsistence; their general sauce that agitates them is the penetrating power of the Air; they commonly have not other Bed but Earth, or Canopy but Heaven, when as the sensual Glutton hath all that is needful, even to a Superfluity, he lies upon his Couches of Ivory, and Beds of Delight, and heeds not Mercy, and is unmindful of his fellow Creatures, even the cries of poor Lazarus, which would accept of the Crumbs that fall from his Table, and lies at his Gates, the Dogs licking his Sores till he died: The cruelty and unmercifulness of this Intemperance is so abominable, that I want place to resent it, therefore shall pass it by here, only recommend it to their consideration, the difference of the future Estate of these Two; Lazarus was carried by the good Angels into Abraham's Bosom; But Dives by the evil, into Hell to be tormented, etc.  
Now there is another sort of Intemperance, which in some sense may be said to be like that of the former, viz. The Miser's Intemperance, which is the making his Money his God, caring not how he pines his Body, so that he may be rich, nor who he destroys, so that he may but attain his end, he will gripe it in with a thousand Lies, taking all advantages, catching and over reaching, and out-witting by circumventing Bargains, yet will wipe his Mouth with this, That he is a wise Dealer, and that these are lawful Profits, and certainly the Blessing of God attends, because he is so rich; and so calls Riches that are gotten by such abominable ways, God's Blessings, and will further conclude, that consequently he must be the Servant of God, when, alas he is a Bondslave to Satan, who hath lulled him asleep, and thus puffed him up with Pride, which causes him to despise his Fellow-creatures, which are not of the same Abilities with him, let their acquirements be what they will, they are esteemed not worthy of his Converse; and if they are exercised in their Spirits, through the multiplicity of Care that attend this Life, so, as to cause some various changes in their Actions, then for certain they are supposed to be Idiots, Maggots, or some pitiful Fellows, that have committed some secret and heinous Sins, for which they are attended with such Internal and External Judgements; but I thought it convenient to let such rash Judgers know, that they may for certain be mistaken for all this; for as the Scripture says, Whom God loveth he chastiseth; and David said, It was good for him that he was afflicted, for before he was afflicted he went astray; and the Gospel Commands are, That we should hoard in Treasure in Heaven, where neither Moth nor Rust can corrupt; for 'tis very observable to us, that the Devil often ensnares those that are rich, and causes them to doubt, as the young Man in the Gospel did, and therefore Christ said, 'Tis easier for a Camel to go through the eye of a Needle, than for a rich Man to enter into the Kingdom of Heaven, because their Minds are so much on their Possessions; And again, I remember the Devil lays claim to them; for when he took Christ up into an exceeding high Mountain, and showed him all the Kingdoms of the World, and the Glories thereof, and said, All these things will I give thee, If thou wilt fall down and worship me, etc.— But lest some should make this Objection, and say, The Devil was a Liar from the beginning, in pretending to that he hath no right to: In answer to which, although we allow him to be so, yet we have infallible Truths which demonstrate Riches to be such Objects, that hinder the Creature many times from pressing Eternity-ward, and swallow them up in the Delights thereof; this kind of Intempeance is generally attended with a Brother of the same kind, viz. Covetousness, which in this place I shall explain to be a long Eye to other men's Estates, Goods, Knowledge, or Art, and will undertake many sinister practices, and gilded pretences, the better to accomplish their end, they are pretendedly circumspect in their Words and Actions, covering their Hypocrisy with the external Garments of Religion; but if they cannot get their ends fully answered, they will soon manifest their bare Skin, and will either gratify thee for what thou hast done, with a pretended scorn of Mumchancy's silence, or else they will ungratefully tell thee, that they are not so fond of thy acquaintance, as thou mayst think of, without they could get more by it; but let such know, that we are able to discern in the Forehead the Beasts marks, principally Two, viz. Covetousness and Ingratitude, which is equal to the sin of Witcheraft.  
Lastly, there is an Intemperance, which involves in sin all the rest, viz. That of Vain Glory, and to maintain the same, they run into such Notions and Doctrines, which have no harmony with sound Reason, the Law of Nature, or written Word of God. Now these are such Intemperances', as take off the Crown of Glory from their own heads, and cause them to lose their dignity to rule as Man, and deprives them of Wisdom and true Understanding, even as I may truly say of that rational part, given him by the Creator of Nature, and would easily discover to them that they are riding in Chariots of Death, driving John like to the Pit of destruction; for Intemperance produceth Diseases, and Diseases are part of the effects of the Curse, and being death's Messenger, or as Arrows sent from the Almighty; for not using the Mercies here bestowed aright; but there is a Tophet prepared of old, for such as turn Blessings into a Curse, and for self-Murtherers, and for giddy high minded, disobedient to Parents, and for such as dishonour God and his Holy Word.  
Such are become the crying and heinous Sins of this Age, and it hath so excited the wrathful principle causing a central action on too too many in this generation, who are like immature Fruit fallen from the Tree, that before they are ripe they are half rotten: for Intemperance blows up the black Coal of Death, that would extinguish the Fuel of the Lamp, before the natural pondus of the Oil is exhausted, which peradventure is not immediately or so suddenly affected in all alike, yet at the best it will cause it to burn with so much fury and exhalation of corrupted fumes, as to slain the vital and sanguifying Spirit, thence nature comes to be oppressed, and afflicts the body, and promotes terror and anguish in all the sensitive Spirits, that while such live they live in misery, one sort trembles with the Palsy, another groans under th● Gout, another roars with the Stone, another laments with the Pox, another pines away with a Consumption, and some other of the like rebellious Diseases, which are so inverted in by custom, that they become Cronick and Haeredita●●● Now these impostumated Se●● 〈…〉 ●t which issues forth th●●● w●●●●ful quality to other generations, from whence bud such Diseases as being rooted become the scoff of Galenick Medicines. Thus (Reader) as Temperance is the cause of much good, so is Intemperance the Original of many Evils; Now as the learned Physicians say, the Cause being known, and suitable means applied, then there may be expected a successful Event to follow: Thus much for the virtue and vice of Temperance and Intemperance, which I shall desist from here, and so shall proceed on by way of observation concerning the right use of Foreign Growths, and also the Nature of our own.  
Observe, the alwise Creator without exceptions created all things for the Use and Service of Man, and gave him Wisdom to compreheud the same, placing a free will in him as to their use, which ought to be aright, which I shall here in great measure show for information of such, as as are unwilling to come short of this point; then they are thus to conceive, that every Climate produceth some different effects, from that of another, whether it be from the heat of the Elivation of the Sun, or Coldness from its depression, or as the Climates have adherence to the torrid, temperate or frigid Zones: for although the general Spirit that nourisheth all things is one, yet different effects is worked on it, by the various forms that every Matrix contains for the specification of Seed, which may in great measure be conceived by this following Example. Man the three various sorts, viz. White, Tawny, and Black, are all one in Species or kind, yet very different in form and nature, of constitutive Principles, for some are more Hot, and others more Cold, according as the internal Sulphur is exalted by degrees by the external heat of the Sun: for the torrid Zone causes great heat and dryness, destroying the Callidum inatum, and therefore scarcely Habitable; the frigid Zones obstructs the Circulation of moisture by the violent congelation of Cold; the Temperate Zones have an unity of heat and moisture, and therefore mostly Inhabited: and all the different Species that proceed from the different Climates, let them be Animals, Vegetables or Minerals; and although of one kind, yet in Operation do they produce different effects, the knowledge of which is that alone which qualifies a Physician; and although this is of so great importance, yet few there be, that consider it aright; for the Illustration of which I will instance such Drugs and Simples, as are commonly administered, so by experience, we know their Nature and different Operation; Instance Rhubarb, in China, Turkey, Pontus, or Arabia, have all some different effects, for the choicest of all is China, yet all these Foreign Rhubarbs from their inate heat will work in half the quantity upon the English constitutions, to that of Monks, or others of our own Growth; for where the affinity is most, the Operation is least visible; somethings are so averse in qualities, that although they may be Medicinal to the Inhabitants of the Land wherein they grow, yet destructive to those of another; for the difference of Climates produces different Effects, as hath been before said. Thus the Turkish Opium is natural to the Turkey Natives, and they are wont to feed upon it, esteeming it as the most Balsamic Concrete, a Juice that will maintain their Faculties in such a vigorous Agility, that 'tis affirmed to give them strength and courage; nay they delight so much therein, that 'tis said they are wont to debauch themselves therewith; but whether it is so or not I shall leave and pass on to that which we know by Experience, That is, the Turk being deprived of the use of it, they die sooner, and droop more from its loss, than otherwise they do, when stinched to half their usual quantity of Food; yet how wonderful different is the Operation of it on English Bodies, and what stupendious effects does it work; for Twenty, nay sometimes Ten Grains, ●s sufficient to cause an English Constitution to dose his last, like as a Mortal Poison; but 'tis clear from what hath been said, that in its Centre it is not such, but only works this effect upon Colder Natures, by the activity of the warmth of its internal Sulphur, which sends forth the Vapour. Now this thing cannot happen from English Poppies, although 'tis a kind of Opium: The same thing is to be understood by the different products of Wine, viz. those of France, from those of Germany and Italy, and these from those of Spain and Portugal; for the hotter the Sun is, the more is the Fruit maturated, and dilated, from hence it is that Rich and Luscious Wines admit of no argel.  
Thus 'tis plain to be conceived, that the all wise God hath caused every Land to bring forth such products, as be most suitable for its own Inhabitants; therefore as Paracelsus saith, 'Tis a mere dotage and carelessness in a Physician, to neglect being a perfect one in his own Nation; that is, by Experience he is to know the Nature and Virtue of those Minerals, Vegetables and Animals, which its own Archeius affordeth, which is sufficient for a true Operator in Physic; especially if they know the Nature of the Sal Mirabilis, and Dalitate of Natare, in its fermentative Virtue,  
But for encouraging that Traffic, which employs thousands in great Prosperity, and without which a Land would soon groan, as we see by experience; we shall state some rules from whence may be conceived the right use of Foreign Growths, as they are brought to us.  
First, thou art to know, that 'tis heat that makes a perfection and maturation of perfect bodies; for Example, There is abundance of the Sperm Powder of Gold in England; but the Climate is too cold to bring maturation, the Air, being more Crude, Gross and Impure in cold Countries than in hot: we have many Examples of this by the maturity and immaturity of fruits; for as Sandivogius saith, The Orange-Trees in Polonia grow like other Trees, as also in Italy, and elsewhere, where this Native soil is, and yield any Fruit, because they are oppressed with cold; but if at any time Nature be wittily and sweetly helped, then may Art perfect what Nature could not; so that wherever the Fruit of any Country hath the full Rays of the Sun, there the fruit is more mature and ripe, so that the lesser quantity of it will sustain Nature, especially of those that live in colder Climates, for should such presume to Eat or Drink it in as large quantities, as those of the same Climate do, 'twould prove disadvantageous to them; for a great Fire soon extinguishes a small one; and although the Philosopher's Tincture is a Panacea against all Diseases; yet as Sandivogius saith, Many of the Wisemen have destroyed themselves, by not knowing the right use thereof; so is it in this very case, for the more subtle any fruit is, the lesser quantity doth suffice; now 'tis warmth only that causeth subtlety: For we know by experience that Fruits of colder Climates may be taken in the largest quantities, etc.  
These may be observed as general Rules, until I shall enlarge more on them, which doubtless will be in other Volumes, Written by this Author, for that purpose, and in the mean while, he knows that the careful Observers will conceive his Mind by what is already done; I shall therefore conclude with this, concerning the use of Foreign Growths, and so proceed to give some wholesome Directions, concerning the Growths and Products of the Netherlands, and its Neighbouring Country England; 'Twas chief for this end the Book was Written, as may be discerned by these following Reasons.  
The First Reason obliging me to write this Book, was to let the Industrious know, that there are Wines and Vinor Spirits to be made out of all sorts of Growths, as will be delivered in the ensuing Treatise, and principally from Apples, Pears, Peaches, Plums, Apricocks, Cherries, Raspberries, Goosberries, Blackberries, etc. And again, the Taste of these Wines may be altered and exalted by the Signature of several Herbs, and by consequence, many Artificial Wines may be made, and brought to show forth some excellent Virtue, which may be yet more and more advanced by the Noble specificated Sulphurs, or Balsamic Oils, so prepared as to be fermented in; but this being a Spagirick Operation, together with the Essence of Wine, and the Essential Salts, and my highly exalted▪ Sal Panaristos, Sal Mirabilis, and Shall Elaborate, and the Eliment of Fire of Venus, and such like Arcana's, which do Refine, Exalt, and cure Sick, Ropy and Diseased Wines, without Arsenical Poison; but these belong so perfectly to a Son of Art, together with the making small Wine strong, and making Wanes-Royal, that I have in this Edition laboured the more, to demonstrate the same by such Words and Examples▪ which may really inform the true Desirers of Art, which was omitted in the former Impression: I have also laid down very plain and easy Receipts, which may comply with and fit all kind of Genius's: I have endeavoured to omit all Prolixity in Words, throughout the whole Treatise, lest it might prove as unfruitful, as some others have done, which serve more to amuse than instruct the ignorant, especially in such things they are not accustomed to; and so, many noble Inventions have been laid aside, as unpracticable, to the great disadvantage of the Land, and dishonour of the Authors thereof: In Fine, for the prevention of all this, and much more (that might be said) of this Nature: I have proceeded in Teaching this new Art of making Wines, according to the Rules and Method observed by the Wise Schoolmaster, in Teaching his young Scholar the first beginning with A. B. C. and thence gradually proceeding, until they are able Gramatically to demonstrate the root of Languages; And althô this was originally but as a Mite in Philosophy, or as an early born Babe, just able to speak the innocent Language, yet 'tis now so nourished up, that it may be said to be grown up to a Manly stature in Art; and I am resolved to continue my favourable Aspect to it, so as to make it become serviceable to its choicest Friends.  
Therefore, O ye Nobleses and Gallants of this English World, I thought it convenient to let the excellent Spirit amongst you know, that we highly accept of your encouraging useful Arts, which may be yet in a far higher degree performed, than hitherto; because your Land doth richly abound with such growths▪ and products, as few Lands do excel. For this Britanish Island brings forth that Chaos, from whence ariseth the first Matter and Seed of the Mineral Kingdom, out of which, all those substantial Glories of the Mineral Kingdom, and Medicinal Monarchy, which the Philosophers have written of. As to the Woollen Manufacturage, it helps to  the Inhabitants of other Lands. As to the Linen Manufacturage established by the Parliament, since my last Impression, under so honourable a Title, gaves me great satisfaction, since it is so industriously encouraged, I can suppose no other, but that it will so flourish, as to abound. As to Food, it is with such great variety of Dishes, as is not only sufficient to refresh, but also pleasingly, to answer the greatest Curiosity, that the most difficult Palates may modestly require: The like is to be understood concerning Wines and other Liquors, which might be brought to a Superabundance, and the more especially, if the almost Sacred Law of Temperance was but duly regarded.  
A Second Reason that obliged me, was, That although there was various Books of Distillation extant, yet they are now of little service; because the Basis they went on is overthrown, and the Constitution of Distillation is so altered by the Parliament, that no Wares are to be made or Sold, but what is Distilled from sound Grain; I have therefore offered to the Industrious and honest Minded, some Considerations concerning the encouraging and erecting of a Brandy Manufacturage here in England, and by such Manudactions we shall not only be able to supply our Defects at home, but also upon such good and advantageous grounds, that our Wares may become vendible in other Lands, to the great advancement of our own, and then we might in time expect the waist, and Forests, and Hills, to be couverted into fenced Fields, and pleasant Gardens, filled with all such sort of Growths, viz. Orchards, Vineyards, Flax and Hemp Fields, according as the natural Soil will best bring forth; by this means many thousands of the Poor might be so employed as to reform therefrom a much more comfortable substance than otherwise.  
For these and such like reasons was this Book Printed▪ and taken a part from my Chymicus Rationalis, which was composed from my serious review of that Art, which way in time also see the Light; Therefore I thought it● convenient to let the Reader know, that as I have come amongst the Lovers of Art, and ingenious Men; so that Discourse of things of this kind have happened; that some have been very d sirous, that I would first in plain words communicate to them the Receipts, contained in the subject Matter, here Treated of; or else that I would be so public spirited, as to Print them; Now for substantial Reasons, I was not willing to deny both, therefore I made choice of the latter; for that the former would have attended me with Difficulties and Expense, to have obliged the great variety of acquaintance; and when this had been done, 'twould have fallen short, peradventure, of satisfying the hundredth part of the Desires of Things of this Nature.  
Therefore as 'tis generally Published, so I hope 'twill accordingly be accepted, seeing I recommend not so much myself, as those practical Essays, in making Artificial Wines from those Growths, which to our Knowledge, was so fully demonstrated before; and if they were, it makes nothing against this, seeing it is so generally acknowledged, that there is nothing so well done, but something may be added to it, in any Art or Science, and more especially in this of Man's Office in the great Field of Nature; which if promoted in an acceptable way, I have my desired Recompense, and I shall labour in my Day and Time, to be as serviceable (as in me lies,) to the Sons of Men; In the Resolutions of which, I shall conclude this Introduction, Subscribing myself a Friend and Lover of all Industrious Imprevers of Art, under what denomination soever. Written, and abundantly enlarged by the Author, so that the Original Copy that was delivered a●● his House, at the Collegium Chimicum at Rotterdam, is not comparable to it, etc.  
And so Subscribes, W. Y-WORTH, Geboortigh Van Shipham, & Van Rotterdam, Borger. Now Resident at London, June 6. 1691, at the Academia Spagirica Nova, being Professor and Teacher of the said Art in all its parts.  
Vale.   

THE CONTENTS: OR, CHIEF HEADS OF THE Ensuing Treatise.  

CHAP. I. OF Vineyards, Orchards, and their Improvement; with the best way of Planting Vineyards, and how to make make the Wine, with the Virtues that proceed from the Vinor growth in general.  
CHAP. II. The Spagirick Way of dissecting Concrets, and the offic●● of Essences in exalting Wine●  
CHAP. III. The way to make Wines of Apples, Pears, Peaches, Cherries, Plums, Sloes, Damasins Quinces, Figgs; also from Goosberries, Mulberries, Currens, Blackberries, and Elderberries; also from Roses, Carnations, Cowslips, Scurvygrass, Mint and Balm, and other Trees, Shrubs, Flowers and Herbs.  
CHAP. IU. Observations in making Wines, and how to make Artificial Wine, Artificial Clarets and Rhenish, and to make Mead, etc. with several other useful receipts.  
CHAP. V. Of the clause in the Act of Parliament concerning Distillation; and how the six common Basis', as of Malt, Beer, Cider, the Grounds of Beer, and Cider, Br●wers-wash, Molassos, Damnifyed Raisins, low and flat Wines, are now converted into the three general pillars of Distillation.  
CHAP. VI Aqua Vitae, and English Spirits, being made according to the late Act, from thence to reduce good and wholesome: Brandy, little inferior to that of France, and several considerations for the encouraging of a Brandy Manufacturage to be Erected here in England. 

SECT. II. The Office of these Spirits, concerning making Cordial Waters, as Cardamum, Caraway, Angellico, Mint, Balm, Hearts-ease, an excellent Plague Water, Stomach-Water, Irish Usquebaugh, Aqua multa series, a trible Water.  
SECT. III. To Dalcify, Colour, Refine, and perfume Waters for Sale.    
CHAP. VII. Of Spirit of Elder, Spirit of Scuray-grass, and other high Spirits, fit for China, Japan, and Lack Varnish, with their several Uses.  
CHAP. VIII. A General Treatise of the Original and Nature of Diseases; together with their Cure by S●agirick Medicines, with an Advertisement concerning the Author's other Books.  
A Post script, containing Rules in the Exalting Cider, etc.    

A New ART Of Making Wines, Brandy, etc.  
PART I.  

CHAP. I. In which we Treat of Vineyards, Orchards, and their Improvements.  
NOW as to what concerns the Vitis or Vine, we shall briofly but candidly handle; First as to the Soil that agrees most to the Vine, is of a nitrous and sulphurous nature, which is black, lose, and moist, which proceeds from its great unctuosity, of which kind we have great store in England, in many waste places, but in Ireland much more abundant, where I suppose that Vineyards might be planted with great advantage; but however, if the story is true which Glauber tells us, viz. that Vines might be made to grow in hard Rocks, without Earth or Dung, only by dissolving and reducing the hard Rock to dust by Vegetable Vinegar, and supplying it with the same at the fall of the Leaf, he says 'tis much better than Cowdung to nourish the Root, and if we will but rightly consider the things as they are, we find that out of such Stones is made Lime, out of which Lime by the acid juice of Vegetables is produced a Nitre, which is the nourisher of Seeds, because it hath its original from a sulphurous fatness, which attracts a salt from the Air, which is the Chariots of the Universal Spirit, and so become satisfied by the cold Gas: I have seen by experience this thing, for in Holland in the Winter time, great quantities of Niter have worked itself out of the Walls, which by Distillation would give a sweet, pleasant, red, sulphurous Spirit; but 'tis to be observed, that generally this Lime is made from Shells, as Oysters, Muscles, Cockles, &c, these being calcined as you make Lime, and the ground manured therewith, it makes a richer and more fertile Soil than hitherto hath been known or practised in England, especially for moist and cold Lands, which want the salt niteral Virtue, which is the feeder thereof, and by this means, the ground might be so ordered, as Vines might be well planted upon all the Hilly parts of this Country; nay Orchards might be made fertile, by this and soot mixed together, and the root being opened about February, and the old Soil taken away, and this added in its place, and after three days exposing to the Air, let it be covered up as before, and so your Tree shall bear much more abundantly than otherwise; neither is this so difficult or chargeable, for if you bear the Root about the latter end of February, and expose it seven days, 'twill attract from the Air sufficient nourishment, being again covered, and this method observeed and followed, they will bear plentifully several years. Now there is a late Writer (which speaks against all kind of Science, knowing little of any, and yet would be esteemed the only reformer of Old Errors) objects against the opening the Earth about the Root of the Tree, saying 'tis an exact way to render them uncapable of bearing, when alas, this man is highly mistaken in this, as well as in some other of his rough notions, for that true Philosophy doth demonstrate, that the Air is the life of all things, in whose wings is conveyed up and down the Vital breath and Spiritual moisture, that is the nourisher and upholder of beings, and he that would be better satisfied, in this point, I refer him to Sandivogius, pag. 97. where he treats of the Element of Air; and Philosophers say that Minerals have their Roots in the Air, but Heads or Tops in the Earth, and this must proceed from the salutiferous and nourishing virtue it hath to beings, whether Animal, Mineral or Vegetable. I will therefore lay this down as an infallible Maxim in Philosophy, that the Air as it acts and is concreted in sulphurous Matrix to a nitrous Ens, is the nourisher of all things; for as the Rain dissolveth the Salt Nitre, that sharpens the Water by its Acrimony, this dissolves the Seed in the Earth, and this dissolution is the key of generation. Now by the same power things are generated, by the same likewise are they nourished, for the nitrosaline Virtue is by the internal Arch us or Central Sun sublimed into the powers of Trees, Shurbs and Plants, and supplies the radical moisture and essential juices thereof. I remember a passage to this purpose, written by John Welch Van Shandragh, that in some Plants 'tis good to turn the Roots upward, as the Philosophers do their work, which the Vinitorians do imitate at Ramsthat, who order the Roots of the Vines so, as they bring Grapes, according as they will have them to their fancy. If in February the Vine is cut, as Yearly it is done, the cuttings are reserved and dressed, their length is a Cubit; these are put into the Ground presently (yet the point to go out) where they are kept, still to a certain that they do not lose their moistness, but remain fresh; in May they are taken out again, on the thickest part they are cut even one after another, with a sharp knife, they must not be cut slooping but even, of these cuts one or two hundred are tied up in bundles, many such bundles are made, these bundles are thirst into the ground in an even place and set in smooth one by the other, than a round pit is made knee deep, and the bundles of cuts are laid in the pit, yet so that the heads are turned upwards towards Heaven, and the points in the ground, these bundles are set close one by another orderly, and the parts are alike, none over-tops the other, standing something out of the ground, all smooth and flat, they being set in, the pit is filled with Earth, the heads, where the Roots should be set on, looks upward, which must with Earth be laid round, that no Water may run into the pit when it Raineth, these being all set into the pit, and so ordered as is said, the whole place is covered, and the outstanding naked heads with Moss bespread over, and over that again lay 3 fingers high of Earth, and let them remain there 5, 6, or 8 Weeks, as is needful: Observe that 'tis most commodious for these pits to be made near to a Channel, where the Water may run away, and not sink into the pit; having thus stood, they'll contract over their tops flesh pleasant to behold, which sometimes is in 5 or 7 Weeks, according as the Wether is good or bad; you may at the end of 5 Weeks make a little hole from above, and see whether by the said sign 'tis time to take them out, for the cuts growing to the Moss is the sign, these must be presently set into the ground again, which must be very good, turn them again in their new setting, that is the part where the cut is overgrown, and the place where the Roots should be driven new must be turned downward, this order must be kept with the second setting, dividing the bundles asunder, and setting 3 and 3 together, and place them a foot asunder, and with the three in the middle a little open, looking downward or backward, for they must not stand straight one by another, but in the form of a Goose-path or step, called, erdo quincunciislis; on the point of the out-standing yard must stand three and three, that they may yield a point, and thus do with all your cuts, which may be put in one plat in lines by one amongst another; these twiggs on the other end thus overgrown, must be set not upright but slooping, which gives the quadrant of a Circle, that is the middle betwixt an upright and lying line, and the leg or guard about a foot long upward covered with Earth slooping, so that the nether part where 'twas overgrown be but half a foot long in the ground, from the super jicies; and if that part hath sore Eyes or Joints, 'tis to be thrust in till the upmost Eye which stand out, that must give the growth; if you have thus proceeded you have done well, ye are to observe that things thrust too deep in the ground, be it Trees or others, will not prosper, it cannot help itself, 'tis better to set them shallow. Now these are to be let alone 2 years, but Roots at the first year, and at the time when other Vines are digged about or opened, which is the Week before Easter, the inlaid Roots must be opened, not only to make the ground more porous, and the Weeds to be rooted out, but the roots must also be rid of the by-shots, and plucked off which grow not downward on the Roots, these off plucked Roots are not taken out, but let them set, because the roots be not stirred.  
But if thou wilt repair an old Vine, these are taken out, and are now called Wortlings, because they have gotten about the overgrown heads; the best root on the nether part is fine to behold, looking like a Swiherbeard; than you may cleanse them from superfluous roots, and may set them in for a Vine if you please, in the manner as it is set down in the foregoing rules; and such prepared Roots and overgrown Vines is far better than others: for these out Wortlings, after they have their root well together, are the better able to defend against the Frost, when others hanged about an Ell high with roots, are killed by the Frost, and so the Vines are the more weakened, and are like old Vines, in respect of ours. Besides, such a stock in the driving is stronger, than those which are put in the ground presently after they are cut from the Vine, where they must take root, not taken out till they be set in the rebstuck.  
If a new Vineyard be made of a ground, which formerly was full of bushes and a hedge for Hare's brood, the first new set of such twiggs drive so strongly, that the double number of such twiggs must be laid in, as 8 or 10 twiggs into one place, all which may prosper, yield and bear Grapes in other Vineyards: for to one stock are laid but 3 or 4 twiggs, called Palmites; and that must be done for some Years together in a new break, he that doth not know this, and doth not do so, the blossom than will fall off yearly, the which I have seen come to pass: for the driving in such a new plat, if the ground be good, is too strong, thrusts out and off the Blossoms, that you must look for your Grapes in the Spring under the Vines amongst the Blossoms: but if you let your stock grow into Wood, it spreadeth in that new tilled ground, and is weakened thereby, and brought to a temperature, for each twig receiveth so much strength, and driving as much as it hath need to the full seed, and enough for the saving of it; and thus your Vineyards being dressed in this manner will prove and yield double more in the Vintage than other men's will.  
Thus according to Van Shandragh, the which I shall pass from, the Vintage being come, let them proceed how they will so that they have a good Vintage from the well manuring, ordering and dressing their Vines, they may expect good store of Bacchean Virtues, the usual way of making Wines from the Grapes is as follows.  
Example,  
In these Countries that abound with Vineyards, they proceed thus; The Grapes when ripe, are pounded in Troughs; or the more common way is, to put them in large half Butts or Tubs, and tread them with their feet, and afterwards with a large press they press out the juice, as is done in making of Cider here in England, this is Barreled up and let stand to ferment, and to clear and resine itself; and then they draw it off into smaller Casks from its dregs, and this is performed naturally and artificially by fermentation, until the Wine comes to a good body, and is fine. Observe, they stop not the Bung hole in its fermentation, but let it stand with a pibble-stone on the Bunghole, by which means it is kept fresh and brisk the longer, and is not so liable to become sour. Thus in Rotterdam I have drank Rhenish Wine of considerable age.  
Observe, that Wines are preserved from Corruption powerfully and effectually (as experience shows) by the sums of burning sulphur vive.  
These are general rules for the making all sort of Wines from the Grapes, but every Country may have some variation in their way, and instruments used; but however, from what hath been said, thou canst not be ignorant how to make a guess and of the other; for by a Penny we know how a Shilling is Coined.  
The best that are on the Rhine are from Baccharach, Herbipolis, Klingenberg, and Hoccheime, also Muscadine from Candy, Riballa is a strong Zant Wine, Rappidavia is a mild Wine from Gallatia, and White-Whine and Claret from France, Canary from the Canary Islands, Sherry from Spain, and several other good Wines from other parts, which I shall pass off and come to its general Virtues.  
The Vine is above any other Vegetable in virtue, being medicinal from the Roots to the Branches, as thou may'st ●e at large in Doct. Robert Lovels Herbal, p. 481. and as Soloman saith Oil makes a cheerful countenance and Wine makes the heart glad, not only so, but we can speak something of its Medicinal virtues, by our own experience; for the Rhenish-Wine is the best vehicle for any Medicine administered in the Stone: White-wine for the loss of Appetite or Surfeits, and Obstructions in Women; Sack for Weak and Consumptive people; the Spirit of Wine to bathe grieved and bruised parts; the argel or Tartar hath a virtue surpassing; for as Bassillius Valentine saith he wants words to express its virtues; for a Spirit made from the crude Tartar, well rectified and tinged with Verjuice, is excellent for the provoking the Menses; also good in the Jaundice, Dropsy, Leprosy, Pleurisy, Frenzy, and French Disease; the Cream of Tartar for Obstructions and hypocondriac Melancholy, and Worms: Tartar vitriolate for Fevers, abating Thirst, opening Obstructions, and kill Worms; the Salt of Tartar cleansed by decoction is not only powerful in opening of Minerals, but being brought over the Helm, as the Author does it, is the true Key (called the Circulatum minimum) by which succedanous and true specific Medicines are prepared, which as Helmont says) cures all Diseases, in such a way, that what such will not perform, nothing in the Vegetable Kingdom will be found to do it; also the Essence of Wine, (which is the union of the fixed Salt and Oil of Tartar with the Spirit of Wine, so as to be brought to a Balsamic Nature) will I say, cure musty, sick, and ropy Wines: Indeed I have many more things to write of the Nature and Virtues of Vinor growths, and principally of the friendly and balsamic nature of Raisins; but seeing it will be done in another place, I shall omit it here, and so proceed to the Anatomising of Concrets.   

CHAP. II. Treateth concerning the Spagirical way of dissecting Concrets, and the office of Essences exalting Wines.  
FIrst we shall consider the various sorts of dissections there be, to be performed through Chemical and Spagirical operations, between which I put a considerable difference.  
For by Chemical ye are to understand such dissections as are made by the violence of the Callenary Fire, which rends asunder those tender parts and interwoven atoms, which nature had so friendly united by her internal motion and hidden power of digestion, fermentation and concretion, and where this is performed in a pure Matrix, generally there proceeds a perfect and pure birth; but these being thus separated, and especially in those things which are tender and volatile, the precious Life and Virtue thereof is put to flight invisibly, as the Spirit is at Man's decease, and nothing but the bare Principles remain; but that you may the better understand what I mean by this invisible Life of concreted Being's, by which the Principles are held in Unity, so as to maintain the Texture of that Being, I shall give you an Instance, which to demonstrate, proceed thus;  
℞ Twenty Gallons of a fragrant Wine, put it into a Refrigitory with its Helm, lute all close, and distil off the Spirit, as long as any will come good, then let all cool, draw forth the Fleame, in which there is a Salt of Wine, and add the Spirit drawn off, to it again, and the Pondus will be very little diminished, but the alteration will be very considerable; for as it was before pleasant and fragrant Wine, the tye being broken, it becomes stinking and obnoxious, and unsavoury to be drunk; for why, the Life is fled away invisibly, as is plain, because all Savour proceeds from thence; and I do affirm, that he that can reduce this to its first state of fragrancy, deserves the name of a Philosopher, and to wear the Garland amongst spagirics, not that I think it impossible to be done, but difficult, and cannot be performed by any other way and means, but that, which adds a new Life by fermentation, and and yet not destroy the Original, Nature and Form of the specificated Sulphur therein contained, called the Callidum innatum, of which, no Being can be destitute; and yet this reuniting Medium must have power to blot out the evil Character, and hidden wrathful quality of Death, which the violency of Fire stirred up, and appease again so, as to make an harmonious Unity. Of this Nature, is the Essence of Wine, and Sal panaristos, but these are Spagirical Operations, and shall be touched at in their proper place; we shall now return to speak of the Office of Chemistry, and that part of it, which may seem pertinent and advantageous to us in this Discourse, which is principally that of Distillation, which retaineth and condenseth the lose Atoms, especially those of Spirits, after Fermentation, and those let them either be Vinor or Urinous, or very Volatile; now Essential Oils, are also made by Distillation, requiring a greater degree of Fire, being the Sulphurs, in another and more ponderous Form; it is also profitable for making acid Spirits, and also to make Sal alkali; for why, the Fire of Calcination burns up all evil and combustible Sulphurs, and fixes down the more ponderous Sulphur, and incorporates it with the grosser parts of the Body, and so assumes a new Form, containing its Sulphur in occulto, for all Salts are salimo-sulphureous, and all Sulphurs sulphureous Saline, as will be manifested by union and retrogradation of Form and volatalization, but this being a spagirick Operation, it shall be spoken more largely of in its proper place; and so conclude the usefulness of Chemistry, as to this part, only to consist in Distillation and Calcination, for the other, viz. Union and Exaltation are Spagirical, which we shall now come to Treat of.  
Spagirical Operation is not only a separating of the pure from the impure, but also a reuniting the Principles, and bringing of them to a Balsamic and friendly Nature, for we see by experience, the more any pure Bodies are exalted, the more do they contain of the vital fatness, the greater is their Virtue and operative Quality on others, but most principally on Vinor Spirits, which are always enriched by a sulphureous fatness; for as Glauber says, That Vines draw Odours and Savours from the Earth beyond all other Plants, and that Savours may be communicated to the Vine by the skilful at pleasure, both in their growth, and after they are maturated; for if the Herb Scarlet be cast into Rhenish Wine, it becomes very little inferior to Muscadine; and again, he says, that those rich Wines on the Rhine, beforenamed, are (as he calls it) upon a Mineral Soil, and therefore suck up the universal and balsamic fatness from thence, as may be seen in Pag. 126. Par. 2d. where he says, That if the Scarlea, or any other odoriferous Herb be applied to the root of the Vine, 'twill bestow its Odour on the Grapes; he farther says, That if you pour any Oil upon the Root of a sweet and odoriferous Nature, the Vine will produce Muscadine for Ten years; and 'tis observable that he lays stress upon the Oil of Seacole, throughly cleansed, and rectified with the Spirit of Salt; his reasons (as I conceive) be, because abundance of Seacoals grow, and are digged from thence; and if this is really so, why may not there be an encouragement for Vineyards here in England, and other pleasant growths, seeing there is such rich Soil, and so well stored with Minerals and Sea-coal, and we are well assured, that the Mineral, or moist Vapour, which is a principal Life to concreeted Being's, in that by its Spirituality it unites with the universal Powers and Forms itself into a nitrous or sulphureous balsamic Oil, nourisheth the Vegetables as it flows forth, and is sublimed by the Archeius to their Roots, which afterward is elevated into the Branches, and Fruit thereof, and are changed by the forming Sulphur, all one as the different Aliments, which we take in, are changed into the substance of our Bodies, viz. into Juices, Blood, Flesh, and other parts as uphold the Fabric of the body; just so is it in the Mineral and Vegetable Kingdom; for 'tis as is said the fat and sulphurous vapour, that nourisheth them, and is by degrees converted into their own nature, and if any of these want this nourishing vapour, they soon decay, pine and whither. O how wonderful is nature in her operations, and how many ways hath she unsearchable and past finding out; for as the Philosophers say, Life is short, and Art is long; but let us return, I say then, that the Earth doth abound with this sulphurous fatness, and sometimes is so overgorged therewith, that it spews it forth through the pores thereof, as is evident by Petrelaeum, an Oil that flows naturally from the rocks, and this we know, that Art both may and often doth supply Nature's defects; for if thou take pure Salt of Tartar, and pour distilled Vinegar thereon, until 'tis assatiated, every time drawing off the Fleam, and then distil it in a coated Retort by fire of degrees, and lastly rectify the Oil through the Spirit of Vitriol, 'twil become lucid, pleasant, and fragrant grant of so great virtue, that I call it my Olcum regeneratum. With this Oil much may be done, for frutifying, and nourishing the Vinor natures, either externally or internally; I have also much to write, concerning the sulphurous Oil of the Magnesia, which will revive, and cause to vegetate afresh the most declining Tree, Shrub, or Plant; How wonderful is the Operation and virtue of such sulphurous fatness in the nourishing of growths, let it be judged of by the Judicious, and let a determination be made therein, only by the experienced Philosophers or true knowers of Natural things, which are greatly discovered to us by our Spagirical Operation, as they are made in Imitation of Nature; and furthermore, Wines may be wonderfully exalted by Essential Salts, thus, First Chemically separate the Oil of any Concrete, and the remainder Calcine to ashes, the pure Salt extract and christalize from thence, and reunite Spagirically the fixed Salt and the Essential Oil, and bring them to a Crystalline Salt, or with the Spirit of the Concrete distil and cohobate so long until it is all brought over in a Balsamic Spirit, this Spirit being embodied by the Essential Salt, plainly manifesteth its Callidum innatum, or drying enriching sulphur, which gives life and sulphurous fatness, and durable, lasting and substantial virtues unto Wine, exalting both the taste and smell thereof. Thus the Salt or Essence of Wormwood will make rich Wormwood Wine; the like will that of Mint, Balm, and Angellicoe, etc. It also gives fermentation thereunto, and makes it pure Wine indeed, as Wine refined from its Lees, and gives it such qualities, as deserves the highest of commendations, as I could prove by undeniable reasons in philosophy, which we must omit here, lest this Volume should swell beyond its prefixed Volume, and pass on to the meliorating and enriching Wines, which is yet more highly to be performed by the Element of Fire of Venus, which is made by separating the Sulphur from the Mercury, and mortifying the Sulphur, and distilling of it into a Spirit, and Glauber doth wonderfully commend the Element of Fire made from common yellow Sulphur, and says, that if it be put to defective Wine, it is a present Medicine; for if any one put a little of it in a Cask of Wine, the Wine acquires a grateful taste and odour, and will be so comforted, as not easily to admit of changing or perishing as otherwise is wont to happen to common Rhenish Wine; see more in his Works pag. 3. par 3. and I say that Wines are also enriched by essential and fragrant Oils, so prepared as to unite with Water or Spirit of Wine or other Wines; for being dilated by a proper ferment, they are easily united, and so the Wines are enriched thereby; thou may'st remember, that I said in the last Chapter, that the fumes of Sulphur Vive wonderfully preserves and enrich Wines, and therefore such excellent Medicines as these cannot fail of performing much more high; and that I may fully accomplish the desire of the Ingenious, I think it convenient to speak concerning the Red Wine of the Philosophers, which produceth and maketh my Sal Panaristos to appear; for that is prepared from the three first principles, christallized in the three last, contained in the fiery Spirit of Wine, as Sandivogius says, it burns up three and leaves one, which is the Diamond like powder, the true fixed Salt Nitre of the wise; and as much may be performed by it, as Glauber hath attributed to his Sal mirabilis. But what shall I say, I fear the time is not yet come to reveal such Secrets in; for from hence proceeds the very Key to the chiefest of Arcana's, and principally to Tinctures, Essences or Elixirs, universal or particular Medicines, according to the specificated degrees of the exalted Sulphurs; for as Basilius Valentine saith, that the Spirit of Wine, or the true Aquavitae of the wise, hath been sought for by many, but found by very few: It is the Vegetable stone indeed, and man loved Gold and Wine above all other creatures, which may be beheld with Eyes. Gold loveth man and Wine, because it lets go its noble parts therein; for if true Spirit of Wine be put to it, being made potable, it gives strength to man, and prolongs his Life and Health: For thus much I am bold to assert, that an Aurum potabile is an Universal Medicine; and without a true Spirit of Wine, an Aurum potabile cannot be made; for Wine bears affection to man, as also to Gold, because it easily unites with the Tinctures of Sol; than it expels Melancholy and Sadness, rejoicing Man's heart: For there is originally three stones so called, viz. the Urinous or Microcosmical one, therefore called Animal, which may be beheld in the beautiful Azoth or Lunar Oil; the Vegetable, discerned in the Vinor Spirit, the Mineral in the golden Tincture or Sulphur of Laton. The three Triumphant stones of the Wisemen viz. Medicinal, Transmutative, and Angelical; the Triune stones or Universal, most Universal the Cabalistical, Elixerating Tincture for Men and Metals, so much talked of, but so little known; for why? they do not understand the true subject Matter, from whence these three stones are obtained, for it proceeds from one confused Chaos, containing a spermatical Essence of all created beings, the Book of Wonders, and Looking-Glass of Nature, wherein so many Mysteries may be discerned face to face, that I dare not discover them here, because time and place is too short; I shall therefore conclude with the words of Basilius, where 'tis said, He that catcheth this fiery Spirit, hath got victory in this Chemical Battle, etc. because from hence proceedeth the foundation of all Spagirical Medicines, and consequently the true exaltation of Wine, which we have here candidly treated of, and so shall pass on to the making Wines from the Growths of England.   

CHAP. III. Treats concerning the way to make Wines from English Growths, viz Plums, Quinces, Sloes, Damsins, Cherries, Figgs; also from Goosberries, Mulberries, Currants, Blackberries, and Elderberries; also from Rofes, Cornations, Cowslips, Scurvygrass, Mint, Balm, and other Trees, Shrubs, Fruits, Flowers and Herbs.  
FIrst I shall define Wine to be a spiritualised Sulphur, incorporated with a Mercurial Juice, and so exalted by Nature's Concoction, to its degrees of purity, according as the internal spirituality hath power to act; but the maturity and perfect ripeness comes and is perfected by the aid and help of the Heavenly Sun, which exhales and detracts the acid and superfluous moisture, which causes the fruit to be unsavoury and harsh; for we see by experience, that in cold years, the Wines are much more imperfect, than in hotter ones; therefore we shall show you, that Wines truly maturated admits of no Argel; but of this in its proper place. Our intended purpose is here to let you understand, that the Sulphur of a Concrete manifested, is that which gives the different taste to Wines, so that Wines may not only be made from the Vegetables before nominated, but also from other Herbs, Roots, Barks, Flowers, Grains, Honey, and Sugar, by fermentation, and again these by distillation yield a true Vinor Spirit, which when rectified from the Vitreoline Alkalizates, loses much of the external Sulphur, and so only the Vita media, and such like qualities remain of the Concrete; so one Spirit may be made so near, that it cannot be discerned, from that which is made from another different Texture; as shall be more largely demonstrated in the 6th Chapter, where we treat of the way of making artificial Brandy-wines. I shall come to consider and speak of an ill Custom made use of in England, which is since the Medicinal Wines have come so greatly in use amongst all sorts of people, the Vintners have been so unjust, as only to infuse these Herbs, in small Wines, or that which was worse, in pricked, low or damnifyed Wines, which have lost much of their vital strength, and that which is yet material, is, they let the Herb infuse so long therein, that it doth not only attract their Medicinal Qualities, but also the austere and wrathful one; for 'tis very observable, that if these Wines remain long, they lose their brisk and pleasant Nature, and so become nautious in the drinking thereof, and so by such unworthy practices, the people are many times deceived in their expectation; for although they drink these Wines, yet they come short of those Virtues that might justly be expected therefrom: The like is to be understood by Scurvygrass Wine, and all others so made: For these, and other weighty Reasons I thought it needful to furnish every Family with Wines made from their own Products, which being prepared without Sophistication, will show their greater Superiority to others, by giving the satisfactory Effect desired, etc. having thus laid down and demonstrated the Truth concerning Wines, and the abuses thereof, I shall now come to give the Receipts to make right ones.  
First, the way to make Wines of all kind of Fruits, is generally one, which is, when the Fruits are ripe, they are stamped, and the Juices pressed forth, and then Barrelled up, and firmented with a Syrup made with Sugar or Honey, and a little fixed Nitre dissolv'p therein, sometimes we use Izinglass, Flower, and Whites of Eggs to resine them down, and being Refined, withdraw them out into fresh Casks, or else bottle them up, which may be preserved wonderfully by my Sal Panaristos; but by the way, I cannot choose but take notice of a new pretended Reformer (though peradventure he might cull his foundation out of my first Impression) who saith, that Water must be only poured on them, and drawn off without a Press, and then with Herbs or Seeds, Sugar, Treacle or Honey, being relished or sweetened, and firmented with Yeast, this he commends above all others; when alas, he is greatly besides the mark; for first, Wines thus made, have not the full Body nor Virtue of the Fruits; Secondly, being made with Water, they will soon rope and sour. Thirdly, Treacle hath no affinity to Wines, 'tis only prescribed for the dulcifying of Waters, wherefore I rather suppose he knew not how to distinguish the difference of my Receipts; Lastly and chief, the one general receipt he pretends to, will not answer the different sort of Fruits; for according as their Natures are, either sweet or sour, so must they be diversely handled, etc. as will be seen by the following Receipts; for Plums, Quinces, Damsins, Goosberries, and such like, aught to be made thus; Example on, Vinum Grossubare, or Goosberry Wine. ℞ Eight pounds of Goosberries, bruise them very well, but not to marsh, and put them into a Vessel, and pour upon them a Gallon of pure Spring Water, or rather its own distilled Water, made in a cold Still, and let them stand stopped in a cold place 24 Hours, and then put them into a strong Canvas, or Hair Bag, and press out all the clear; then measure how many Quarts of Liquor you have, and to every Quart add three quarters of a pound of fine Sugar, and stir it till it be throughly melted, then put it into a Vessel, and set it in a cold place, or else it will be sour: and so let it work three Weeks or a Monrh; the Vessel must be filled full, and Bunged down close, that no Air can come in: after it is well wrought and settled, let it be drawn off into smaller Casks, or else bottle it up, and set it in a cold place. Thou art to observe in the choice of the Goosberries, they are neither fully ripe, nor too green; for the full ripe will make it thick, and the green will make it sour; but let them be taken just as they are turning; be careful that you stop not the bottle too hard at first, nor fill them too full, etc.  
Its Virtues.  
'Tis excellent in hot and burning Fevers or Agues, to be drunk as a Cordial; it stays the Belly, and cools hot Stomaches, and stops Bleeding, mitigates Inflammations, it wonderfully abates the heat of the Face from hard Drinking, by its cooling of the Liver; provokes Urine, and therefore of great use in the Stone; but it is not altogether so proper for cold Stomaches, for fear of clogging the Tones thereof.  
Vinum Ribesium, or Current Wine. ℞ Four Gallons of fair Water, and let it very gently simper over the Fire, but not boil, then put in Eight pound of the best Virgin Honey, and dissolve it well therein, and take off all the scum that will arise, and when 'tis cold, put it into a Barrel, and add to it equal its weight of the juice of Currents pressed through a Bag in a strong Press; these Liquors being together Twelve hours, then add to every Gallon of the said Liquor, Two pounds of loaf S●gar, stirring and agitating th●m till dissolved; then add half an Ounce of Cream of Tartar, a little Flower, and whites of Eggs for Fermentation, till it refines itself, and becomes very clear; then draw it into smaller Barrels; observe, the White Currents make a most excellent Wine, which will imitate some sort of the Wines that come from the Grape: The Red also makes good Wine, and drinks very briskly: But the Black Currents are most Noble in their Medicinal Operation: Rastberry Wine may be made thus, but the French prescribe it a very chargeable way, which is thus; ℞ A Gallon of Sack, in which let Two Gallons of Rastberries stand steeping the space of 24 Hours, then strain them, and put them to the Liquor, and three quarters of a pound of Raisins of the Sun stoned; let them stand together 4 or 5 Days, being sometimes stirred together, then pour off the clearest, and put it into Bottles, and set it in a cold place; if it be not sweet enough, you may add some Sagar to it; but they esteem the aforesaid Liquor better, and to be used in the place of Sack. Observe that Mulberry-wine may be made the same.  
Iits' Virtues.  
These Wines are excellent to resist Putrefaction, quench Thirst, strengthen the Appetite, stop Vomiting, fortifying faint weak Stomaches; it is excellent in Fits of the Mother, provokes the Courses, and diverts the Epilepsy.  
Vinum Sambuceum, or Elderberry-Wine; ℞ Elderberries, when ripe, pick off the green stems, pound them, and press them in a great Press, as you do Grapes, Barrel them up, and you may add to every Barrel three Gallons of strong Wort, or the Honey-liquor before described, and ferment with Yeast or Flower, and the Whites of Eggs, and a little fixed Nitre; and let it Ferment well, and refine down, and then draw it off into other Casks; and at the Spring, add into every Barrel, Five pounds of its own Flower, and Five pounds of Loaf Sugar; and this Wine will in Seven Days time, become so rich and pleasant, and so full of Medicinal Virtues, that it outstrips any single Vegetable in those things, that the specificated Sulphur: attributed to, as may be seen more at large in the 16th Chapter, where I Treat of the Spirit of Elder; by this same Rule may be made the Wine of Black berries: Now if you'll have Wine made from Apples, or Pears, then take Cider or Perry, and proceed thus; For Cider, use the Herb Scarlea, the Quintessence of Wine, and a little fixed Nitre, and to a Barrel, a pound of the Syrup of Honey; and after Fermentation, 'tis little inferior to Rhenish Wine; for Perry, make use of the Herb Clare, Quintessence of Wine, and to every Barrel 6 pound of the Syrup of Blackberries, after Fermentation and Refining of it, will outstrip some of our neighbouring Wines. The ways of making artificial Wine, will be shown in the next Chapter; therefore I shall desist here, as knowing that by these Examples you cannot come short of preparing Wines from Fruits, etc. Now of Flowers and Herbs.  
Vinum Rosaceum, or Rose Wine; sit a Glass Bason, or Body, or well glazed Earthen Vessel, and put in three Gallons of Rose-water, made with a cold Still, and put into the Liquor a convenient quantity of Rose Leaves, cover it close; now if your Body is made of Pewter, you may have a head to screw on, and put it for an hour in a Kettle of vapouring water, to purchase the whole strength and Tincture of the Roses; then take it out, and when cold, gently wring the Liquor from the Leaves, and steep more fresh Leaves in the same Water, work as before, repeat this seven times, ●●ll the Water is very strong with the Tincture; and then to every Gallon of Liquor, add three pound of Loaf-Sugar, and stir it till it be throughly melted, and put it in a Cask, and set it in fermentation with a little fixed Nitre, and Flower, and two or three whites of Eggs, and let it stand in a cold Cellar, and in a Month 'twill be fit to drink: Thus may be made the Wine of Cornations or other Flowers.  
Its Virtues.  
The Wines thus made are not only rich, but also wonderfully advantageous amongst the diseased, by a manifestation of true Medicinal Virtue, and therefore excellent for the strengthening the Heart, it refreshes the Spirits, and gently cools the Body, making it lenitive, and so purges the first digestion of Phlegm, sometimes of Choler: It abates the heat in Fevers, quenches thirst, mitigates the Inflammation of entrails; and in fine, it may be used as a good Counterpoison.  
Vinum primularum Veris, or Cowslip-Wine. ℞. Three gallons of fair clear water, and five pound of Loaf-Sugar, and boil them for half an hour, and scum it well, then let it cool, ready to be wrought, then put in 4 quarts of picked Cowslips, gently bruised, with 2 spoonfuls of Ale-yest, and one pound of Syrup of lemond's beaten with it, and a Lemond peal or two, and let them stand close stopped 3 days in fermentation; then strain the Liquor from the Herbs, and put it into a Barrel, give it just room to work, and so let it remain one Month; then draw it off into Bottles, upon a little Loaf-Sugar, cork it, and lie it down close, and 'twill keep a Year. The like may be done with Prim-Roses, or any other Flowers: for I have showed you different ways, to let you know, that I am not biased to one ground; so I hope by these Examples you may be better able to make the variations at pleasure.  
Its Virtues.  
Cowslip Wine being drunk, is good against the Palsy, Convulsions, Cramps, and all diseases of the Sinews; also against the pains of the Joints, and Gout, and also excellent for those that are burst.  
Vinum cochleariae, or Scurvygrass, or Spoonwort-Wine. ℞. Scurvygrass in May, June, or July, and stamp it in a stone Mortar, and put it in a large Earthen-pan, and sprinkle it over with a little powder of Crystal of Tartar, and smear it over with Honey, and being covered close let it stand Twenty four hours, in the mean time decoct to every gallon of Water three pints of Honey, and gently simper it half an hour, scum it, and take it from the fire, and let it cool, than put your Scurvygrass into a Barrel and pour your Liquor to it, let the Barrel stand on its end with the Tap to the bottom; and after 24 hours draw off the Liquor, and from the Herbs press all the Juice, than put fresh Herbs into the Barrel, and put the Liquor upon it again, adding a little Barm let it ferment three days, then cover a piece of bread with Mustard, and put the Mustard side downward, and so let ferment in a cold place 14 days, or till it drinks brisk, then draw off the refined Liquor, and add more Herbs the 3d time, and then ferment with the whites of Eggs, flower and fixed Nitre and a little Verjuice or the Green Juice of dry Grapes, to which add 6 pound of the Syrup of Mustard, all beat together, ferment and refine down and draw it into other Vessels, and in a Month 'twill be fit to drink; with this and the flowers may be made the True Spirit of Scurgrass, by a sevenfold repetition. I shall omit the Virtues here, because I refer it to the ninth Chapter, where I treat of the Spirit. Observe, that the Wine of Mint and Balm and fragrant Herbs are best made thus; First distil the Herb in the cold Still, then add Honey to it, and work as in Scurvygrass; and lastly refine it down by a due proportion of its own Syrup, and so the Wine will become wonderfully fragrant, containing the whole virtue of the Herb.   

CHAP. IU. Containing observations of making Wines, and how to make artisicial Mallago Wines, artificial Claret and Rhenish, and to make Mead, etc. with several other useful Receipts.  
IN this Chapter we are to draw some general observations, concerning Wines, in which we shall consider whether or no, new Wine, new Beer are lessened in their virtue by decoction as the pretended reformer says? No; but on the contrary, they are made much more wholesome and durable thereby; for in the Elixeration of Malt, the Chief virtue that is extracted by the Water from them is Gummy and Sulphurons, as may easily be demonstrated, if upon the strong infusion of Malt you pour a strong Lixivium of Sal Tartaris, there shall immediately precipitate a Gummous substance, which is the substance drawn from the Malt, and seeing it is really so, we know by experience that gentle decoction can never exhale these Oleous parts, but rather concati●ate them, making the Wort more clammy and rich; and if you make Vinegar of it, the more it is boiled the stronger will your Vinegar be; but for Beer, when the Wort is fermented, and brought so ripe as to dilate this Oleosity into a spirituality, than I say decoction destroys it because 'twill send off its spirituality, and so 'twill do in Wine too; but yet the Learned and knowing Glauber says, pag. 300. Part 1. That Wine may not only be brought to Must, and by gentle evaporation so condensed to the thickness of Honey, that it may be the better transported, but also 'tis for the bettering weak and acid Wines, and making them the more noble thereby; nay, he says they're to be made abundantly stronger, than when they came first from the Grape, only by adding thereto water, or small Wines, and fermenting again, with the Quintessence thereof, as thou may'st read in him at large: Hence it may be clearly discerned, how easy it is for unexperienced men to be deceived in their Judgements. But however, I shall pass them by, and proceed further to the improvement of Wines. It is well known to every Vintner, that by the natural action of the Hogshead, abundance of fat, rich Lees, or Mother, will fall down, which I have heard a man in Holland affirm that he could with ease make thereby an Hogshead of Wine again equal to its original; but this is also difficult to any but a Spagirick Philosopher, who knows the virtue of the Quintessence of Wine; but however 'tis common to draw off small Wines and put them on such rich Lees, and then refine them down again, by which the Wines are wonderfully bettered: We also see that Wine is fed with proper food, which is sweet Flesh, Salt of Tartar, or more principally the sweet and volatile Spirit of Tartar, and yet higher with the Quintessence of Wine, as was said in the 2d Chapter, by Essential Salts and prepared Oils, also by Herbs and things of an Aromatical nature; we are also satisfied, that of two pipes of small and weak Wines one may be made: for as Glauber saith pag. 158. Part 1. Nothing can be found, which may render small Wines better than the Animal or Quintessence extracted from other Wines; for the Animal of Wine only, and nothing else, can increase the strength of Wine. Neither is the comparison of this melioration of Wines incongruous with two torn Garments, neither of which can be worn; but if either of these is cut, and that which is whole and good is sewed to the other, and so of two one whole Garment is made; then that Garment may be worn, when yet, before, neither of them was useful; which points out the very manner by which it is performed, to draw forth the Spirit and Quintessence of one, and let part of the whole be fermented and dilated into another: these and many other ways there be to enrich Wines, which we shall here pass by, and proceed to our intended purpose, viz. artificial Wines, and first of Hydromeli, or Mead. ℞ 20 Gallons of the best Spring-water that can be gotten, and put it over the fire, and let it stand for 2 or 3 hours, but suffer it not to boil; and to every Gallon add 3 pound of Virgins-Honey, and let it gently boil an hour or more, and take off the Scum in boiling; and when 'tis almost cold, add two spoonfuls of Ale-yest to every Gallon, and so let it work two days; then Barrel it up, and add to every Gallon of Liquor, Nutmegs, Mace, Cinnamon, in powder of each half an ounce, tie it up in a bag, and cast it into the Liquor, then stop it close for a Month, two or three, the longer the better; draw it out and Bottle it, putting in a bit of Loaf-Sugar.  
Another highly esteemed of ℞ to every Gallon of the cold distilled water of Cowslips, or Spring-water, two pound of the best Virgins-Honey, and to every 20 Gallons add in the boiling a good handful of Marjerom, Balm, and Rosemary, and before 'tis quite cold, strain it through a Seive, and ferment it as before is said, then add in the Barrel Cinnamon, Nutmegs, Mace, Ginger, Orice-roots of each half an Ounce, and 3 or 4 Lentfiggs, and let it work and refine as the former, and Bottle it in the same manner. Observe, that French show the way of making Methegline or Mead stolen quickly, by smearing over bread with Mustard, and laying the Mustard side downward, as is said in Scurvy-grass-wine.  
An artificial Claret. ℞ The Juice of Clary, or the Water of Clary distilled in a cold Still, one part, Redstreak or Pippin Cider half a part, Mallago Raisins beat in a Mortar 6 pounds, the fat mother of Claret one pound, of the Crystals of Tartar half a pound, and being close covered let it ferment the space of 15 days, then draw off the Liquor clear into a Barrel; to every Gallon thereof add half a pint of the juice of Blackberries or Goosberries, and a pint of Spirit of Clary to the whole; then take three Spoonfuls of Flower, the white of two new laid Eggs, a dram of Ising-glass, being all beat together, add it into the Barrel with two pounds of the Syrup of Clary, and it will refine down and become wonderful rich.  
An artificial Mallago-Wine. First take a Wine-Barrel hooped and dressed with one end being open, to which a close cover must be fitted, which must be to take off and put on at pleasure, set it in a warm place Winter or Summer, and fill it full with clear and pure water, to each three Gallons put six pounds of the best Mallago Raisins, which you must bruise in a stone Mortar, and upon 20 Gallons of the said water you must strew a handful of Calx vive; then cover the Vessel close with the cover, and cast  upon it to keep it warm, and let it stand 4 or 5 days, to work as Wine or Beer doth, when they be new; then see if the Raisins be risen up to the top of the water, if so, then put them down again, as before; let them thus stand 3 Weeks or a Month together with the Raisins, being every 4th or 5th day put down if in case they rise up; then put a tap into the Vessel three or four Fingers above the bottom, and try if it be good, and taste like Wine, if not, let it stand a while longer; but if so, draw it off into another Wine Vessel, and to every 20 Gallons, that you have drawn off, put a pint of the best Aqua vitae, two new laid Eggs, and a quart of Alicante, beaten well together, and let it stand in a Cellar as other Wine does, till it be clear and fit to be drunk, and thus not only artificial Mallago may be made, but also other artificial Wines; for the Author cannot but presuppose, that thou may'st by these examples invent and prepare other sorts of Wines, which are not here set down, by the same Method as that of Muscadine is prepared; for having the knowledge of the different Herbs that bears a signature with the different sulphurs of the true Wine, whether styptic, acid, mild, pleasant, luscious or fat and balsamic, so must the imitation of the different sort of Wines be, whether Rapadavia, Ribella, Canary, Tent, or any other, etc.  
Mum, according to the Author's way is thus, ℞ A Vessel containing 63. Gallons of water, boil it to the consumption of the third part; then let it be brewed S. A. with 7 bushels of ground Beans, and when it is turned let not the Hogshead be filled too full at first, and beginning to work put to it the inner rinds of Firtree, three pounds of birth, and the leaves and tops of Firtree each one pound, Cardus Benedictus dried three good handfuls: Burnet, Bittony, Rosemary, Majorem, Avens, Penniroyal, Elder-flowers, Wild Thime, of each one handful and half; Seed of Cardemums bruised 3 Ounces; Bay Berries an Ounce; put the seed into the Vessel when it hath wrought a while with the Herbs & after they are added, let the Liquor work over the Hogshead as little as may be; fill it at last, and before 'tis stopped put into the Hogshead 10 new laid Eggs, the shells not broken nor cracked; then stop it close and drink of it at two years' end; if it be carried by water 'twill be the better. But Doctor Egidius added Water-Cresses. Wild Parsley, and 6 handsulls of Horse-Raddish to each Hogshead; and 'twas observed, that the Mum which had in it the Horse Radish drank more brisk than that which had not.  
To make Punch-Royal. ℞. Two quarts of Water, one pound and half of Loaf-Sugar, and dissolve it fully therein, and if need be filter it through a Holland cloth, then add a pint of Rhenish-Wine and 6 Ounces of Lime-juice, or the Juice of 4 great Lemons, and 7 or 8 drops of the true Spirit of Salt, and a drachm of Alkermes, or 2 grains of Musk, and 3 of Ambergris, a quart of Brandy, one Nutmeg grated, and stir it till it be incorporated, and then head it with toasted Biscakes; this Liquor, without bread, drinks exceeding briskly, being Bottled for a time.  
A good way to bottle Wine, Beer, or any other Liquor, (if it should be a little pricked) make a Syrup of Clary, and ferment it with Barm, and to every Bottle put in a spoonful or two, with a bit of Loaf Sugar, and that being well Corked down, will do very well: The same does well for bottling Cider or Mead, and preserves it wonder fully.  
Now if you're minded to have variety of different Alice, then make a Syrup of the Herb, and put in two or three Spoonful's in bottling, and a Spoonful or two of the Essence thereor, let it be Oranges, lemond's, or Scurvygrass, Cyprus, Wormwood, Mint, Balm, or the like; and if you practise this way, your experience will prompt you beyond words.  
A Cathartick Physical Ale good against the Scurvy, and several other diseases. ℞ Of Sourvy-grass one peck, Water-Cresses. 12. handfuls, Brook-Lime 6 handsulls, English Rhubarb 6 Ounces, Horse Radish 4 Ounces, Annis-seeds and Carrawayseeds, of each one Oance, sweet Fennel one Ounce, Sena one Oance, Pollypodi of the Oak 4 Ounces, Raisins stoned and Lentfiggs of each 8. Ounces, new Ale 5 Gallons; make it S. A.  
To make Ale stolen or new. To every quart of new drink drop in 10 or 12 drops of the true Spirit of Salt, and it is performed; and to make stolen drink new, Chalk performs it, being scraped in.  
To make Coffee and Tea. Boyl Spring water 12 hours, and draw it forth into smaller po●s, and add to every pound of this Water an Ounce or an Ounce or half of Coffee powder, and stir it well in, and set it before the Fire till ●t becomes in taste rich of the Coffee, and well settled, then is it fit to drink Tea is one with the Coffee, but to a pint of Water you add of the Herb Ten a drachm & half, and put it before the fire to settle, but not so near as to let it Boyl again; for than 'twill not be so good.  
To make Chocolate-Cakes and Rolls. ℞. Caoco-Nuts gently dried in an Iron-pan, and then peel off the Husks, powder them very small, so as to be sifted, then to every pound so prepared, add of White-Sugar 6 Ounces, Cinnamon half an Ounce, one Nutmeg, one Bonile of the best; Ambergris and Musk of each four grains, if for high price or Spanish Chocolate, but in the English it is left out. The right way to prepare it, is in a stone Mill or else on an Iron-plate, clean and bright, and a roll of Iron two hands longer than the Plate; and about Ten pound Weight; let your weight be placed on a wooden frame, so that you may put a little fire of Charcoal under it, and give a gentle heat, and so first melt the Sugar and Cacaonut together by rolling the Iron over it, moving it from the plate with an horn, and so work it till it becomes like dough, adding in the Cination, Nutmegs, and Bonile, the more you work it the finer the Maze will be, and be careful to preserve its Oiliness, and keep it from burning; the plate must not be too hot, neither must there be wanting of labour in rolling of it, often stirring and moving it from the plate; and lastly, add your Musk and Ambergris, and while 'tis warm it may be made into Rolls or Cakes, or cast into moulds, or what form you: please.  
To make the Liquor of Chocolate. ℞. Milk and Water of each one pound, and let them boil a while, and then add of your Chocolate grated an ounce, an ounce and half, or two, as you'll have it in richness; let it simper a little, then take it from the Fire and add to it the Yolks of two new laid Eggs, well beaten with as much Meevus Sugar as will sweeten it, and then Mill it with a Mill for that purpose, till it be thick, Secundum Artem.  
To pickle Cucumbers so that they may look Green. Take of Water and Vinegar alike, and make the Liquor strong with Bay-Salt, and other Salt mixed together, and having boiled it very well, your Cucumbers being in a Vessel in rows, with Dill betwixt every row, and a little of Verjuice or the Green Juice of Grapes upon the uppermost row, then pour your Liquor boiling hot upon them, then cover them close, so that the steem may not come out, and let them stand 14 days and Nights; then cant off the Liquor, and boil up the same Liquor again, with Pepper, Cloves, Mace, Cinnamon, or other Spices as you think fit, and put on your Cucumbers again, and cover them very close for use, by this means they will look Green. The Pickle of them is good to be used in Inflammations, and Scorbutic Nodes, and other diseases; as being a kind of Elatorium, dissolved by the Acidity, etc. So much for this Chapter, I shall now proceed to that of Distillation.   

CHAP. V Treateth of the Chief heads in the Act of Parliament, concerning Distillation, in which is showed how the Constitutution of Distillation is altered.  
DIstillation is a separating and extracting of the most Spirituous Liquor from the grosser part of the body by heat, and therefore the purer your Basis is, the more pure will your Spirits be, for this end and purpose we are now to consider how we can proceed, that our Hypothesis may have affinity with the Law; for the Parliament hath constituted a path way for all Distillers to walk in, and because we'll make no breach in this point, I shall make use of the chief heads therein contained etc. in the Act entitled, The Encouraging the Distillation of Brandy, and Spirits from Corn. First, the Trade and Commerce of France being prohibited, and all their Goods from being imported into this Kingdom; And whereas good and wholesome Brandys, Aquavitae, and Spirits, may be drawn & made from Malted-Corn; For the Encouragement therefore of the making of Brandy, Strongwaters, and Spirits from Malted Corn, and for the greater Consumption of Corn, and the advantage of Tillage in this Kingdom,  
The King, Queen, and Parliament th●n assembled, have thus ordained it, that every Gallon of low Wine of the first Extraction, made or drawn from any foreign and imported materials, or any mixture with foreign materials, 8 d..  
For every Gallon of low Wines, or Spirits of the first Extraction, made or drawn from Brewers Wash or Tilts, or from any sort of English Materials, other than from drink Brewed and pepared from any sort of Malted Corn, or from Perry or Cider. 1 s.  
For every Gallon of low Wines of the first Extraction, drawn and made only from Drink brewed, and made of any sort of Malted Corn. One penny.  
And for every Gallon of low Wines of the first Extraction drawn or made from Cider or Perry or any mixture therewith. Three pence.  
And 'tis further Enacted by the Authority aforesaid, that all Distillers and others, who shall draw or make any low Wines, Spirits or Brandy from Corn, shall brew or cause their Corn to be brewed, and made into clean and wholesome drink, and from such drink so made and prepared without any mixture with any Molossus, Wash, or Tilts, or other materials whatsoever, shall draw their low Wines, or Spirits of the first Extraction, etc.  
So that the Basis that Distillers are to erect upon, are well brewed Beer, Cider and Perry; therefore the matter of Distillation cannot be so hard, seeing the making of these is so well known in England: but however, there is one thing yet difficult, which is to give a taste to English Spirits, and make it in the second Distillation, like to that of Brandy, and that by the addition only of the Products of England, so that this would be very advantageous to cause the Wares to be transported to most of the European parts, and this would be wonderfully advantageous both to the Factrage and Products of England, as I shall more largely touch at in the next Chapter. And although I may justly claim right to this Secret, yet I shall be very ●ree to give my Secret to others, with this provisor, that it might advance the good of the public, which can be no otherwise done than by the Establishment of a Brandy Manufacturage, for otherwise the Proverb may prove true, viz. Th●t private E●ds carry away public Profit: Therefore such a Facturage would have some general tendence. First, the chief Cities and Towns in the Kingdom may be supplied with good Wares, which now many come short of. Secondly, the growths and products of the Kingdom of England, and the Dominions thereunto belonging, may be more easily brought to a Country Town, than undergo the troublesome carriage some scores of Miles, there being also the conveniency of Fires for Distillation at cheaper rates, and again they he more ready and for that reason may be afforded cheaper in the transportation thereof for if they were to be Distined here in London, and carried to E●eter, the carriage by Land (as Pam informed) i●. 7 l. a Pipe, and so by consequence proportionable to every part in England, and this would so greatly exalt the price, that People would rather be contented with indifferent Wares, than pay so dear for better.  
And that which is yet more principal, by such a public Manufacturage, the King's Customs would be highly advanced, and more certain, than in any private hands, whatsoever; for that their Commissioners and Collectors might have open recourse thereunto, with abundance less trouble than now possibly can be: But of this in its proper place; let us now return from this Digression to Distillation.  
Where let me beg this boon of the Honourable P●● that no exceptions may be taken, concerning my prescribing various Products in Distillation; for I desire not to do it to infrigate the breaking any English Law; but on the contrary, own a due obedience thereunto, only am willing to serve the netherlands, where I have a Brothership, and Natives privilege too; and also to be serviceable to several Islands that belongs to their Majesties, or any of their Dominions, where various things are made use of in Distillation▪ which we shall here treat of, but First of Malt.  
Aqua vitae is nothing else but well Brewed Beer, that is strongly Hoped, and well firmented, but if it should not be fully rich of the Malt, they Distil it as soon as 'tis well wrought, for fear it should flat, and then great part of the Spirit is lost; but if it be very strong, you may keep it to what age you please. The way to Distil it, is thus; Take a large Still, with a Serpentine Worm, fixed in a great Hogshead, with cold Water, to condense the Spirits; or in want of that, an Alimbeck; but at first be not too hasty with the Fire, but by degrees, make all hot until the Spirit come; if the Still is large, the way I best approve for the receiving these Spirits, is, to let it run through a Funnel into an Hogshead, that is placed on the Ground for that purpose, and you are to Distil as long as any goodness will come, which may be known thus, The Taste will be like an unsavoury Water, when all the Spirit is off; this Spirit is called Low Wine, which let stand 6 or 7 days, and then Distil it a Second time, which is called Rectification, in which it may be brought into Proof-Spirit, or artificial Brandy, which you please: Now in this you may know when the Spirit's off the Second time, by throwing some of it into the Fire, if it burns 'tis good, but if it puts forth the Fire the Operation is at an end. These Low Wines and Spirits are proper for making most sorts of Waters, as will be seen in the application thereof. Now if you rectify a Third time in Balneo, 'twill be the better freed from its Fleam, and a true Aquavitae is made.  
The Dutch way is thus, When the Malt is well made, and new Ground, not above three Hours before 'tis used, take thereof Six Bushels, and put it into a large Hogshead made for that purpose, to stand upon its end, with a Cover to keep in the Steam, with an hole in the middle, to put in a stick to stir it upon occasion, moisten the Malt with some cold Water, and then the other water being made Scalding hot, but take care it boils not, put it to your Malt, and stir them well together, and when almost cold, add half a pound of Hops, and let it stand till 'tis cold and fit for Barm; and let it work and ferment four or five days, till it comes to the height of Fermentation; then put all the Liquor and Grains into such a Still is before directed; Make a gentle Fire, and put not the head into the Worm at first, for fear it should boil over, and so foul the Worm; but if he vapour do kindly ascend, than you may l●te●all fast, and Distil and Rectify as be●ore directed: This is a very profitable and advantageous way of Distilling.  
Glauber's way, Take as much Malt as your Distillation will require, and in a Kettle full of Water let it bo●l 〈◊〉 long till the Grain is broken, and then pour it out into a Wooden ●●ssel, and when 'tis lukewarm add fresh Drugs or Grounds of Beer, when it is fermented enough, which is usually 〈◊〉 the end of 2 or 3 days, than Brandy is made in a common Still by Distillation: He recommends this above all other ways, saying▪ that this protube●ating a●d burst Corn cannot be burnt and therefore makes good Brandy; Also he says, by Decoction the ill Taste is taken from the Corn, which the Brandy otherwise retaineth; Further he says, That if the Corn is so boiled as to be broken, it produceth much more Brandy; therefore calls it an excellent and profitable Secret.  
The Spirit of Cider. The way of making Cider is well known, when it is well fermented, and come to its full strength, then Distil it as is directed in the making Aquavitae, it may be rectified to what height you please▪ the same way will serve for Perry; of either of these, or both of them an excellent Spirit is made to make an Artificial Brandy.  
To work up the Grounds of Cider, Perry or Beer. Thou art first to observe, that if your Grounds are thick, they must be pressed through an hair Bag in a great Press; or else in Distillation, they will be apt to burn the S●ill▪ you may add to these, equal parts of small Wash, or warm Water; which 'tis fit, head it well with Barm, you may add in some Molassus, and if it ferments not soon enough, then cast in some Powder of Rhenish-Tartar, and this will cause it to come to the height of Fermentation, fit for Distillation, and then to be Distilled (as directed) in Malt.  
Of Honey, Molassus and Sugar; Take an hundred weight of Honey or Molassus, and 12 or 14 Gallons of Water, to boil, as is fit for Brewing of Malt, and pour it into an open Vessel, as is prescribed for Malt, and stir them well together, until they are dissolved and united, then when they are cold enough, head them well with Barm, some use small Beer or Wash instead of Water, and then the less Barm will serve: Now in the Fermentation you may add what fragrant Herbs, Flowers or Spices you please; and if it ferments not well, then throw in some Powder of Rhenish-Tartar, as before directed, the quantity must be proportionable to that of the Liquor; this will wonderfully heighten its working; thou must let it stand until it is well headed, and truly fermented, which, to know, thy experience must be the chief guide; it also must be taken in the nick of Fermentation, for otherwise, if the head of the Tunn gins to fall, much of the Spirits will be lost, if thou workest well, thou may'st have 9 or 10 Gallons of Low Wines from ever hundred of Honey or Molassus, which thou mayst rectify as thou pleasest.  
For Sugar, by which Flowers, Herbs, Berries are so Fermented, as to yield Good Wines and Noble Spirits, being distilled. Take what Flowers or Herbs you please, as for example sake, let it be Elder-Flowers, and bruise them in a wooden Mortar, and to every peck of Flowers add a Gallon of Water, and 2, 3, or 4 pounds of Sugar, as thou wouldst have it in strength, Barrel it up, and let it stand till they Ferment work, froth and flower, and smell very fragrant; this Fermentation may be promoted with Rhenish-Tartar, Ale-yest, and the like: The Spirits must be kept; the way to exalt these Wines into Spirits, will be showed in the 7th Chapter.  
Of Raisins, and damnifyed ones▪ take Raisins and pound them in a stone Mortar, and put them into a Barrel, and put boiling water upon them, and when cold, throw in a good handful of Crystals of Tartar, or Rhenish-Tartar, but some use Calx vive; ferment them very well by adding Ale-yest, Stum, or fixed Nitre and Flower; work it up in a warm place, draw off the Liquor, and press the Dregs out dry, and Distil all, and you shall have very excellent Low Wines, which being rectified, makes good Brandywine.  
Of low and dead Wines, and their Dregs. Observe, that in the Distilling of the dregs of Wine, you may ferment them with their low and decayed ones, or with the after running of Low Wines, warmed and put into a covered Hogshead, and ferment with Stum a pint to every Galson; or for want of that Barm, they being truly fermented, draw off the Liquor, and let the dregs be put in a Canvas Bag, to press out all the moisture, which some perform before they are fermented; but however, being ready, they may be Distilled as long as strength will come which after 6 or 7 days may be rectified to proof Spirit.  
Observe that Stum, which is the Flowers of Wine fermented, kept in strong Vessels, with Iron Hoops, will make an excellent fermentation. It is to be observed, that from low Wines, small Wines, and Lees, Brandys are made in France and Germany through Fermentation.  
I cannot omit one thing, which is too too much practised by the common Distillers, in order to make their Spirits seem strong, hot and fiery in the Mouth, which to accomplish, they add in the Distillation a pound or two of Spanish Grains, which are sold at the Druggist's, and these perform their desire; but this is little advantageous to the Spirit, otherwise than to make it fiery in the Mouth. Now these are the subject matters, from which low Wines have been drawn hitherto; but now the Constitution of Distillation is altered, and reduced to three material Pillars, viz. Well-brewed Beer, without any addition, Cider and Perry, to which and in which, may be included all those Wines made and prepared from any of the growths of England, because these have a greater adherence to and more proper for Medicinal use; and therefore presented to Physicians, Apothecaries, and others; which being made use, will answer their desired end.  
Now I say out of such growths the Customs may be well paid, according to the Tenors of the said Act; and the French Manufacturage may be considerably detrimented, if that Distillation were but rightly encouraged; because now all are free, or as many as please to labour therein, as may be seen by the conclusion of the said Act.  
Provided also, and be it Enacted, that all Charters and Letters-Patents already made, or hereafter to be made or granted for the sole making of Brandy, Spirits 〈◊〉 Strongwaters from Corn or any other sort, or in any manner whatsoever, as a new Invention, or whereby the power and liberty given by this Act to all persons, for the Distilling and making Brandy, Spirits, or Strong-waters from Corn, shall be in any manner restrained, shall be, and are hereby declared and adjudged to be void to all Intents and Purposes whatsoever.   


CHAP. VI Treats concerning English Spirits, and Aquavitae being made according to the said Act, from whence 'tis easy to prepare good and wholesome Brandy, little inferior to that of France, with some considerations of the usefulness of erecting a Brandy Manufacturage here in England, etc.  
I Say then good and wholesome Beer being brewed, according to the said Act, or from Cider, Perry, or from the Wines of the English growths, may be made from all and every one of these good wholesome and vendible Wares, as low Wines, proof Spirits, and Aquavitae, and artificial Brandy, as we have often made mention of in this Treatise: I say that I would have none think it strange or difficult to perform this from well brewed Beer, seeing we are able to bereave the strongest Vegetable Concrets, many ways of its external Sulphur; so that ●t shall only retain the taste and quality of the Vita media, and then it is not discernible from others, and a proper Sulphur being introduced will perform the same all one as Rhenish Wine is converted into Muscodell by the Scartea, to this agrees that profound Glauber, where he saith, that if you'll make Corn Spirits into Brandywine, in a relish like that made from Lees of Wine, than you must rectify it upon the Lees of Wine; for this way by the Oil of Wine, which is plentiful amongst the Lees, the end is obtained, and may in all things be used instead of that. But now we have not in England the advantage o● Wine Lees, as they have in Germany, France, and on the Rhine; and Prohibition being made with France, that which we have will be soon spent, so that great business of Art is to perform this by the growths and products of England, I say then, that we know a way very advantageous in the sweeting of Spirits, both in the action of Fermentation and Distillation to propose a middle way without any infusion or distillation of any of the Vinor twiggs to produce an artificial Brand 〈◊〉 wine in England, and from its own growth, so good and as vendible as that of France; and so near in taste, that none but the most acute palates can discern the difference; and this we are able to give public demonstration of.  
The way to perform it, is in general thus; The low Wine being made, you are to bereave it of its gross Sulphur, which is very easily done, than its strong smell and taste will be lost; as to the Specificated and Domineering qualities thereof, this may be performed even on Rum, which is the strongest in smell and taste of any other Vinor Spirit, drawn from any of the Vegetable Concrets, and then a middle nature must be introduced, naturalizating it to that of Brandy; we say then, that Caparaticks and Signature thereof belongs to Venus, and so do Vitriolicks; but the Crystals of Tartar and Alkalizates belong to the Sun, to which Venus is near a kin; for Venus is found to better the Tincture of Sol, to which the Vine belongs; now Parley and Malt belongs to Jupiter, which must be warmed by the friendly rays of Venus to be impregnated with the Ideas of Sol; and what shall we say of Wheat, seeing it is the staff of Man's Life, whose Oil hath a principal signature with the Vine, having its sweet and friendly qualities from Jupiter, its generating power from Venus, and its strength from Sol, and by its Lunar Milk the Chyle is strengthened, from whence the Mercurial life proceeds: But oh! oh! where are you got, methinks, the Man and the Mare is fled up in the Air, and there to seek their Nests. But however, if so, the Sun is there rarifying the same, and giving forth of its solar Virtue to the lunar Matrix, which is conveyed through the Air unto beings; we say then, that he, who knows the Airy Life of beings, and how to concatinate the pure Effluviums thereof, so as to make it corporeal, may boldly depend that he knows the nature of that by which a transmutation of form is made; of this nature is Glaubers Sal Mirabilis; Paracelsus' Sal Enixum, and my Sal Panaristos: We see 'tis an easy matter to take the Garments off a poor man, and give him more rich ones; so 'tis the same in this case, if we have a true Knowledge of the Fountain of Nature. And if the Philosophers in the Mineral Kingdom, can transmute Jupiter into vendible Sol; why then may not the true spagirics in the Vegetable Kingdom change the nature of Saturn and Jupiter into that of Venus and the Sun, seeing Transmutation is so generally allowed, and we suppose at this time of day no rational man makes doubt of its verity: Thus much for the way of making Artificial Brandy-Wines. We shall now offer some Considerations for the Encouragement of a Brandy Manufacturage to be established here in England.  
The First Consideration that offers itself is, that by such a Facturage great consumptions of Corn would be made, and so the Tillage in this Kingdom would be considerably advanced, the Malt-Corn and such other grain used would be advanced in its Price, so that the Farmer might well live on it, and yet make Just payments to his Landlord, which is by many now found to the contrary; and many Farms (to our Knowledge) are in divers places in this Kingdom vacant, which might well be employed.  
Another Consideration, this being a public thing, the public stocks of those concerned therein would be able to uphold such a Facturage above all by-ends and self Interest of any particular person whatsoever; so that Distill-houses and Warehouses being erected in every County-Town in England, or the Dominions thereunto belonging, the Neighbouring Inhabitants might have easy recourse thereunto to bring in their Wares at Market price, and receive either Wares or ready Money for the same; so for Wood or other materials requisite: by this means, trading would be promoted, and Money brought to circulate more freely.  
Another Consideration is, by this way and method abundance of Carriage and Recarriage would be saved, and yet the Wares lie ready for Transportation, for which reason they might be afforded abundantly more cheaper to all the Foreign Plantations than otherwise; and by this means we should considerably outdo our Neighbouring Countries, and yet very considerably advance our own.  
Another Consideration is, whereas Spirits are to be Distilled from good and wholesome Beer, we say then, the first mashing is only sit to be distilled, and the second mashing might be brewed into very good 2d gallon Beer, which would be of great service to the poor Inhabitants, many of which now drink Water for want of conveniencies to brew; we therefore wish it was united with and joined to the Linen Manufacturage. Then as to the Grains, they might be fetched off while sweet, to feed their Oxen, Cattle, and Hogs withal; by this means, we say, not only many thousands of poor would be employed, and so Trading advanced, and the Land enriched; not that, but the King's Revenues (as we touched at before) more certain than otherwise. We have many more Considerations to offer of this nature, but we shall omit them till we see how these are received. And so proceed to show the Use and Application of these Low Wines, Spirits and Aqua Vitae's, in making several sort of Cordial Waters proper to be used in Families, etc.   

SECT. II.  
WE shall here only lay down the way to make Aniseseed, Caraway, Cardamum, Hearts-ease, A●gelico, Wormwood, Mint, Balm, according to the simple Intentions thereof, because 'tis convenient to have their respective Virtues per se, and in many cases better than those sold in snops; but however if you are willing to make compounds, we then refer you to a Book, Entitled, The London-Distiller.  
To make Aniseseed: water. Take to Gallons of good Low Wines, or Proof Spirits, one pound of Aniseseed, or more as you'll have it in strength; now if your Spirits are high proof, you may add a little Water in the Distillation, and then draw off the same quantity you put on; this rule serves well for Seeds, but only the quantity is diversified according as they be in strength; for of cardamum's you must put two pound to the like quantity of Spirits; as to the Herbs Angellico, Mint, Balm, Wormwood, and the like, they ought to be gathered in their prime, and gently dried; the proportion is more or less in quantity, according as you will have the Water in strength of the Herb; for one is stronger than another, and an handful of Wormwood will go further than 2 or 3 of another Herb.  
To make Hearts-ease, Aqua Vitae, or rather artificial Brandy. Take as many Gallons as you please, and to every Gallon add a pound of the Seeds of Heart's ease, and the like of the Blossoms dried in the Sun, tie them up in a Bag, and throw them in the Still, and draw off as long as it comes pleasant, then dulcify with a Syrup made of Hearts-ease and white Sugar put it in the Cask, adding 2 or 3 spoonfuls of Barm, and the white of an Egg or two, beaten up with Flour; this will give it Fermentation, and refine it fit to be drawn off for Sale. Observe, that in the Distillation of these Waters, there will be apt to come over an Oil or white thick Spirit thus to be sinned, as it comes. Take a fine Holland-cloth, and rub one side of it very well with Black-Lead, and bind the side so rubbed inwardly towards the end of the Worm, and this will keep the thickness back, as experience demonstrates; these Instances may serve as general rules, for all sorts of Waters of the first order; but we shall only give you another instance.  
Now if you'll make any rich and Cordial Waters, you had best make use of Brandifyed Spirit, which is the Spirit of Malt, or any others brewed of their taste, and impregnated with an azural Salt of a Vinor nature, and so will the Spirit taste more fragrant of the concrete than otherwise: Instance, Take of the best Cinnamon 5 pounds, of artificial Brandy 5 Gallons, Sugar of Honey one pound and half, let them infuse 20 days, and then distil off the Spirit, which dulcify with its own Syrup; and we say then, this is best and truest Spirit of Cinnamon, that can be made, and most fit for Phisical use, and thus much for Simple Spirits made per se.   

SECT. III.  
THE best and most proper way for dulcifying, colouring, and persuming of the ordinary Waters fit for Sale. ℞. Of Two Quarts of the cold Distilled Water of the Herb, and of the dried Herb 2 Pound, Brasil half a pound, or more or less, according as you'd have your Water in height of colour, to which, add of Sugar six pounds, stir them well together, and put them into an earthen Pot with a close Cover, and gently decoct them 2 or 3 Hours, now and then stirring of it, immediately shutting the Cover, and lastly, Clarify it with the White of an Egg well beaten, and when 'tis cold enough, strain it through a Fustian Bag, called a Canopy, and to every Barrel of Water, add 5 or 6 pints of this Syrup, with a Spoonful or two of Barm to work, and clear it, and in 20 days 'twill be fit for sale.  
A Syrup for making a Red Water, excelling that of London. Take of the best Rose water 6 Pints, of Red  in Powder, a Pound, Rose Leaves a Pound, Treacle, Honey, or rather Sugar 10 Pounds, decoct as before directed, and clarify it well with the White of 6 Eggs, let this whole quantity be added to a Barrel of Aqua vitae, and then make a small Bag, and put therein the White of 3 Eggs, a spoonful or two of Barm, all beat together, to which, add a scruple of Musk, 10 Grains of Ambergris, and let the said Bag hang by the Bunghole in the Liquor, and in 14 Days 'twill be fit for Sale. Now these following Simples are generally made use of for colouring your Liquors withal, viz. Red Rose Leaves, Poppy Leaves, Turnsole, Cochineel, and the Root Alkaneet; As we have thus prescribed Simple Waters, useful in Families; we shall now add proper compounded ones.  
Right Irish Usquebagh. Take the best Aqua vitae, made from the strongest Beer, Ten Gallons, Aniseeds one Pound, Cloves Two Ounces, Nutmegs, Ginger, Caraway-seeds, of each 4 Ounces, and Distil them into proof Spirit S. A. then add to this Distilled Liquor, Spanish Liquorish, Raisins of the Sun stoned, of each Two Pounds, let both be bruised, of Date-stones, the white skins plucked out, 4 Ounces, Cinnamon 4 Ounces, stop all close for three Days, then add in Three Grains of Musk and Ambergris dissolved and dulcified, with 5 Pounds of Mevis Sugar, stir them well together, and after Ten Days let it run through Hypocrates' Sleeve, and Fine it down with Whites of Eggs and Flower; but some only draw it off the Lees into other Casks when Fine; the Author hath a way of making Usquebagh-Royal, worth Eight shillings a Quart, a great Cordial in Nature, wonderfully strengthening the Heart, and all the principal Faculties.  
Aqua-Corrob●rans, or a Cordial Water. Take Balm, Sage, Bettony, Bugloss, Cowslips, all gathered in their prime, of each an handful, Low Wines Two Gallons, Distil it into proof Spirit, then add Galanga, Nutmegs, Cloves, Mace, Cubebes, cardamum's, Melolet flowers, of each 6 Ounces, the juice of Celandine 3 Pounds, the proof Spirit the whole quantity, White-wine, or rather Current-wine a Gallon digest 24 hours, and then Distil in Balneo, till dry; this is a great Cordial, wonderfully strengthenging the Heart, Stomach, and principal Faculties, being taken as a Cordial.  
The Author's Aqua Stomatica, on Stomach water. Take a Gallon of Gaskin-wine, or instead thereof, a middling Spirit of Wine, Ginger, Galanga, Nutmegs, Grains, Cloves, Anniseeds, Fennel, Carrawayseeds, of each one Ounce; Sage, Mint, Red Roses, Thyme, Pellitory, Camomel, Lavender, Avens, of each one handful; bruise your Spices in a Mortar by themselves, and cut your Herbs, and put altogether into your Spirit or Wine, and let them stand three Days in the cold, keeping the Vessel very close, and then Distil and Dulcify it with Syrup of Raspberries.  
The Author's Aqua Pestilentia, or Plague-water. Take Angelica-leaves, and Roots of Rue, and Sage, of each three handfuls, long Pepper, Nutmegs, and white Ginger, of each an Ounce and half, the Spirit of Elder one Gallon, Malaga wine two Quarts, Venice-Treacle and Mithridate, of each four Ounces; digest them Ten Days, then Distil so long as 'twill come pleasant, and add to what comes over a pound of Hungarian Water, and a pound of Syrup of Vinegar, and a piece of Loaf-Sugar, and let it ferment with the white of an Egg, and a little Flower tied up in a Bag 5 or 6 Days, and then 'tis fit for use. It's virtues. This Water is an excellent preservative against the Plague, Small Pox and Measles, and all Pestilential Diseases; two Spoonfuls being take 3 or 4 times a day, as a Cordial: 'Tis good also for all cold Stomaches, want of Digestion, and the like.  
The Author's Aqua Multifaria; or Water of many Virtues. Take Balm, Sage, Bettony, Bugloss, Cowslips, all gathered in their prime, of each one handful, Motherwort, Bay-leaves, of each one handful and half, of Marigold Flowers two handfuls: Flowers of Rosemary, Lavender, Lilies of the Valley, and Rosa-solis, of each, handfuls; the juice of Celau●●●e two pound, ●●ffron two Ounces. Lig●●● A●ce●● an Ounce and hal●. T●●merick four Ounces, Spirit of W●●●●●● Quatis d●●●st all six days, and Distil it in Bal. Sal Art. its virtues. 'Tis excellent in the Diseases of the Head, Breast and Heart, Liver, and principal parts; fortifying the Faculties, and strengthening Nature, so far as can be expected from simple Cordial Spirits, without being enriched with some Mineral Sulphurs, which will be shown in our Spagirick Philosophy asserted; also in Spagirick Philosophy's Triumph. Now by the way observe, that most of these Waters or Spirits are too strong to be taken alone, Nature not loving to ride in fiery Chariots; 'tis best to be dilated and reduced into Cordials, the way by which 'tis performed, will be shown in the succeeding Lines.  
The Author's Aqua Triplex, or Triple Water. Take Venice Turpentine four pound, Frankincense, Mastic, of each two Ounces, Aloes, Epatica, Date-stones, Laudanum, Castor, the Roots of Bettony, Elicampane, of each two Ounces, Cardemums, Cloves, Nutmegs, Ginger, Galingale, Zedoare● Pepper, spikenard, Laurel-berries, Sma●● lage-seeds, Mugwort-seeds, F●nnel-seeds, Annis-seeds, Flowers of Brasil, Elder-flowers, Red and White Roses, Lignum Aloes, Cubebs, Calamus Aromaticus, Mace, Germander, Tormenmentil, Juniper-berries, Agrimony, Centory, Fumetory, Pimpernel, Dandelyon, Eyebright, Endive, Seeds of Sorrel, Yellow Sanders, Fethersue, Aloes-hepatick, Ana of each 2 Ounces, Rhubarb 3 Ounces, dried Figgs, Raisins, Dates stoned, sweet Almonds, of each 4 Ounces, Honey 6 pound, Sugar 10 pounds, Spirit of Elder highly rectified, enough to over-top all, sour Fingers breadth, Musk and Ambergris of each two Drachms, Saffron 2 Ounces and half; all being put into a Retort, and its Mouth being very well closed with a Cork, and then luted over; and Lastly, tied fast to the Bladder, and let it putrify 40 days in Horsedung, and then remove it, and Distil it in a strong Bal: First will come a white Spirit, than a Saffron colour; and Lastly, Red, with some floating Oil; let each be received apart; and when the operation is over 〈◊〉 Baln, thou mayst Distil it in violent Fire, in Sand, to see what more will be produced.  
Its Virtues.  
The first Water is proper for new Wounds, old Aches, and Plague Sores, for weak Eyes, and those that have a Pearl in them; for the Strangury and Stone: The Second Water for corrupted Blood and Leprosy, for weak Members, and for Agues. The Third Water for a weak Brain, and Catarrh, and for the Palsy and Gout: And what I have to say further, is, that these Bodies being opened by a proper Menstruum, viz. The sweet Spirit of Salt, or true Spirit of Tartar, much might be expected from it, for Wounds, Ulcers, Neli me tangere's, Plague-sores, Pearl in the Eyes, Strangury and Stone, Leprosy, weak Members, Agues, Rheums, Impostumes, Fistula's, Hemorrhoids; but now observe, by means of the Menstruum, they'll not rise in those diversities, but in an united Form, ponderous and balsamic, and yet more, according to the degrees of exaltation imposed thereon by the Spagyric Physician.  
To reduce Spirits for the making of Cordials Reduction of Spirits, is in order to bring them to a middle Temperature, by uniting the Aquous part with the most Spiritual, and fermenting to a Union, as may be seen by the following Example. Take a quart of Water, and a pound of white Loaf Sugar, boil them well together half an Hour, or more; then let it cool fit to put Barm to it, but while it is Bloodwarm put in Spices, such as you best fancy, as Jamaica-Pepper, Cinnamon, Cloves, or Orice roots sliced, and and when cold enough, add your Barm, and let it work as Beer; and after it hath well worked, you may use it for bottleing of Ale, Mead, Cider and Wine; if you add to every Bottle two Spoonfuls thereof, a little Orice-root, and a sew grains of the Crystal of Tartar, and a bit of Loaf-Sugar, and being laid close, 'twill make it drink exceeding brisk.  
A Cordial. Take a pint of this Liquor, and a pint of our Aqua Corroborans, and 4 Ounces of the Syrup of Balm, and mix them together, S. A. 〈◊〉 Another very Medicinal, Take Plantain and Balm-water, of each a pound, Cinnamon half a pound, digest three days, and Distil off the Water, and add of this to any strong Cordial Spirit, equal parts, and half the weight of Syrup of Violets, or Clove-gilly-flowers, as you best like, adding a little Cocheneel, and thus 've a Noble Cordial. The way of making Cordial, will be more largely shown in my Chymicus rationalis, and Medicina rationalis, to which I shall refer 1 you.    

CHAP. VII. Treats concerning the exaltation of high Spirits, and how to make the Powers of Scurvey-grass, Elderberries, with their Virtues; also to make other high Spirits, fit for China, Japan, or Lack-varnish, etc.  
IN this Chapter we shall Treat concerning the highest Exaltation of Vinor Spirits, viz. so perfectly bereft of their Phlegm, as to fire Gunpowder: Of this nature is the Spirit of Scurvygrass, and Spirit of Elder, and Hungarian-water, which I shall show by several Examples, beginning my Foundations from the Wines of the Third Chapter, and First of,  
Potestates Cochleariae, or the powerful united Spirit of Scurvygrass. ℞ The Scurvy grass Wine, and Distil therefrom its Spirit, which, put upon fresh Scurvygrass, and Distil again, repeat this operation, till it become very strong and fragrant of the Grass, and will burn all away in a Spoon, then by Distillation, make the Oil of Scurvygrass, and by Calcination, its fixed Salt, and Spagirically, reunite these, and so have you the Powers, or whole Virtues thereof; and if 'tis rightly done, 'twill look very green, by which the Authors may be known.  
Its Virtues.  
These Powers abundantly surpass the Spirit in Virtue, being only originally prepared by me in Holland, and presented to both Universities, did parallel; nay, in some degrees outstripped that of the greatest Pretenders in the European Parts; both for strength and pleasantness of Taste; The Modus Operandi thereof, I never fully discovered; but however, for the popular Service I taught several of my Disciples in their Chemical course, the true and genean Spirit, and this I have observed, That this very Spirit, althô much inferior in preparation to the Powers, hath been sophisticated, and when brought to the Public, we have clearly discerned, that it hath not been Distilled by Fermentation per se, but they have supplied their defects here, by adding Horse-reddish, which hath not affinity therewith; this hath much lessened its value, in coming short of its Original; for too too many there be, that care not how indifferent a thing is, so they can but make it at a cheap rate, and in great quantity, especially if they have their Name up—. Now, considering this, together with the prevalent Arguments of Ingenious persons, and of what great service the Powers of Scurvygrass might be (more than the Spirit) if Published, I have in answer thereunto, done it accordingly and the more especially, seeing its virtue is such as to continue its use, etc. For the Powers of Scurvy grass have an excellent Virtue in many Diseases, but particularly against the Scurvy; because the Herb hath a singular signature against the Disease; and thus much I will be bold to say of those my powers, that they give Circulation to the Blood, by dissolving and dissipating congealed humours; for by their Alkalizated Nature they mundify, and by their Vinor nature the Venom's are embibed, and the humours thin'd, giving sanity to the principal Faculties; for being duly taken, they destroy not only the Saline, but also the Acid and Crude humours, from whence the Scurvy hath its original, whether bred by the eating of Gross, Raw, or Crude ●ruit, or Raw Herbs, or Salt Fish of long continuance; for they are Enemies to many, as is plainly seen, by the Incident of the disease upon Seafaring persons, and especially such as use long Voyages; for through the multiplicity of Salt food, the Scurvy there greatly abounds: And 'tis agreed upon by all the Learned Physicians, as well Modern as Ancient (which experience daily confirms) that there is not one Herb in the Vegetable Kingdom, of a more particular specific Virtue, for curing the Scurvy, than the aforesaid Scurvygrass: for its internal Texture is made up of a volitile Armoniac and Vinor Essence, united with a fragrant, Vital and Medicinal Crasis, as may be demonstrated by the true Powers: Therefore the Scurvy, withal its Symtoms, may in great measure be abated, were but these Powers duly taken in proper time and season, not only for prevention, but also for healing, if the Disease is not by long continuance too Rebellious; for these have a specific Virtue, both at Sea and Land, wherever this popular Disease reigneth; as also in Camps and Armies, against the Chill-bane and Rot, which are usually there, by which Men die as Chore-Sheep.  
It's Use and Dose.  
For the Scurvy, Jaundice, Dropsy, Consumption, Physic, or shortness of Breath; these Powers may be used at all times, the oftener the better: The Dose is from 10 to 30 drops, in a glass of Wine, Beer, Tea, or Coffee, as the Patient best likes, and after the spending of three or four Bottles of these Powers, take half a Bottle of the Golden or Purging Spirit once a Week, keeping moderately warm, and promoting its Operation by Water-Gruel, or such warm supping the Patient best likes: and this will carry off the Relics of the Disease, purifying the Blood, and such crudities, from whence Worms are bred, etc.  
Potestates Sambuci, or the powerful united Spirit of Elder. ℞. The Wine of Elder made according to the Third Chapter, adding thereunto Elder-flowers, and ferment it a second time, and be sure to take it at the nick of Fermentation, and in the greatest fragrancy, for, for if you let it flat, most of its strength will be lost, put this in the Still, and Distil it as long as goodness will come, S. A. But observe, that those Wines you make for Distillation ought to be made from the Juice pressed out only, adding its proper ferment, and some Sugar and Honey to help it on. Now these Spirits so distilled, if you design to have them strong in taste, and smell of the Flowers, then add fresh, and taken in their prime, and reiterate the Fermentation and Distillation, and so wilt thou have an excellent fragrant Spirit, purely impregnated with the virtue of the Concrete, according to its Ideal and Spiritual Qualities: so then to every pound of this Spirit add an Ounce of its Salt, and 2 of its Oil, and unite them Spagirically, for this Operation belongs unto it.  
Its Virtues.  
These Powers abundantly excel any preparation of the Elder, and it is now some years since I began to inquire after the Knowledge, Virtues, and Operative power of the Elder-Tree, and the Dwarf-Elder, and experience hath acquainted us, that this said Tree is richly furnished with Medicinal qualities, in all and every part thereof, even from the Root to the most tender Buds and Branches thereof, so that it stands parallel with any single E●s in the Vegetable Kingdom; and if you consider the reason, 'tis no wonder it should be so, for that this Tree hath its Character or Signature from the friendly Planet Venus, and by her Circular correspondence abates Mars' fury, in the Centre of which is the Sun, who sends his Virtues to the Archeius thereof, and furnisheth the Callidum Inatum, with the bountiful concreting Sulphur, which by Nature's Fermentation, and artificial Circular Sublimation of those Juices through its Pipes, with a kind of a Pulse, hence proceedeth subtlety and purity to the fruit, which returneth so richly loaden with a virtuous Tincture from the Fountain of Nature. Now Tincture shows maturity, and that brings Sanity, and so by consequence other properties of health, etc. For this Tree hath to the Microcosm. First a Cephalick Virtue, Secondly an Elixipharmick, and by consequence a Diuretic and Diaphoretic: Finally a Balsamic, and Paragorick, thence prevalent in Fits, Scurveys, Dropsies, Strangueries, etc. which may be evidently discerned by another Authority besides mine; for herbals contain pages of the virtues thereof; Nay the Judicious Housewife hath her remarks thereon, which may easily be discerned by its various uses; for out of its Buds is made a Spring-broath, which cleanseth the Blood of Scorbutic and Hydroptical humours, and is good in Obstructions; the Wine wherein the Flowers are impregnated is most fragrant, and an excellent Febrifuge, cleansing the Blood of Acidity, Venom and Putrefaction, therefore a powerful Medicine in Surfeits, Measles, Smallpox, Swine-Pox, and Pestilential Corruptions; the Vinegar made from the Flowers is used in the like causes, also for Inflammations on any part of the Body: The Distilled Water for weak Eyes, and to clear the Skin. The Oil for Scorbutic Itches, Bruises, Sprains, and good in the Piles; also for Burn, and external pains of the Gout, etc. The inward bark of the Elder, and Dwarf-Elder, is generally prescribed in Dropsies, the dried pith for Issues: The Wood of the Tree is very durable, whence may be an Oil prepared for long Life; and therefore pity it should be used by so many Mechanic Artificers; 'tis also observable that from the innate Virtue 'tis early in budding, and late in declining: Moreover, the Berry or Fruit is made into Syrup, and preserved to be used in many Diseases; there is also a Balsam of great virtue made hence. Wherefore then should not the Powers of Elder (seeing the Principles are therein radically united) contain all the aforesaid Virtues, and in great Superiority; First, because the Spirit is made by Fermentation, and exalted to a Vinor ens, wholly sulphureous and inslamable, which to perform, some have esteemed so great a secret. Secondly, the Spirit is enriched by its own Oil. And Thirdly, Strength, and by the Salt, so that these Powers are advanced so high, as to contain the medicinal Virtue of the whole; now perceiving of what general service these Powers might be, I thought it convenient to publish it; and the more especially, discerning the things of single Virtue, have taken place in the World, by some kind of Service, as namely the Spirit of Scurvygrass, and Spirit of Rosemary, or Hungarian-water. These Powers of Elder carry with a more general benefit, and will manifest from their own central Virtues, the popular service they have for the multitude; especially for that they are so effectual against the contagious Diseases, that now Reign: Indeed, should I be particular in every Virtue they have, I might fill a Sheet; but well knowing that their Operation is such, that will demonstrate themselves beyond words; I shall therefore leave the rest for the Patient and Prudent Experiencer thereof, and so come to give their Use, and Dose. For the Diseases of the Head, as Convulsions, Falling-sickness, Vertigo's, Calentures, and sudden Swoonings, 'tis very prevalent, and therefore let those that Travel by Sea or Land, never be without a Bottle of it: For upon the approach of a Paroxysm, if you drop 30 or 40 drops into a glass of Water, and drink the same, 'twill wonderfully abate the violence thereof, and strengthen Nature; also you are to dip the end of your Handkerchief in the Powers, and snuff up the Savours thereof, and strike the Temple● therewith, repeating the same, till relief is found. For young Children 〈◊〉 or so drops is sufficient in a Spoonful of Water, and sweetened with Sugar but let the Mother drink a full Dos● while the Child is sucking, and the● their prevalency will be seen; if th●● method be observed, not only in cutting those that are afflicted, but also prevents it in others; They also abate the oppression of Wind, which Children are so generally subject to. They also are prevalent for the diseases of the Breast, as Astma's, Dropsies, Consumptions, spitting of Blood, and the like; and for those of the Stomach, as want of Appetite; and principally in Surfeits; and in the beginning of Fevers; let from 30 to 60 drops of these Powers be dropped into a glass of Water, and sweetened with its own Syrup, and after taking of them, drink a good hearty draught of Marigold Posset drink, and sweat plentifully in Bed, and as often as Nature thirsteth for refreshment, let 20 drops betaken in the Liquor, and by this means the offending Matter will be abated, and carried off by Sweat and Urine. These Powers are also prevalent for the Gripes of the Guts, Colic and Strangury, and want of Rest, you must take a Brandy Caudle, and as 'tis fit to drink, put half a bottle therein, and sweat in Bed, and thus in few hours, admirable relief will be found; 'Tis also prevalent for the Dropsy, hypocondriac Melancholy, Scurvy, Oppressions of Fear; You are to take constantly of these Powers in your common Beer, till relief is found. 'Tis also prevalent for such diseases, as infect the whole mass of Blood, as the Measles, Small Pox, and Swine Pox and other pestilential diseases; for which you are to proceed thus; Take of Cocheneel and Saffron of each a Drachm, and a quart of Spring-water, and infuse them two or three hours upon the Embers close stopped, then take the clear, and mix a Bottle of these Powers therewith, and as much of its own Syrup as will make it into a Cordial; and if this is taken as common Drink, the malignancy will thereby be abated, and the fountain of life fortified, and the disquiet Spirits settled; but you are to observe, that as the disease gins to abate, you must take every third day of our Royal Cordinum lenitivum, and of these Pours the intermitting days, and so will the relics of the Disease be carried off and Nature restored to her wont current. 'Tis prevalent for the Gout for weak and pained Limbs, for Sprains and Bruises, and for Rickets in Children, and to ease pain in any part of the Body: If you take of these Powers inwardly, and externally chafing the grieved part therewith, and dipping a Scarlet Cloth therein, laying it on the same, repeating it every six hours till ease is found. You are to observe that these Powers are an excellent Cosmatick, wonderfully cleansing the Face and Skin, making the Flesh smooth; Lastly, you are to observe, for diseases of long continuance, this wholesome Medicine must be continued in its application, than thou mayst expect to find by it satisfactory and admirable effects; but however, by the way I think it fit to give thee one precaution, which is, thou art to observe that these Powers belong to me, that I am the first Author and Publisher thereof; those therefore that are ☜ minded to have a Medicine of such general service as 'tis truly prepared, let them repair to my House, where 'tis only to be had in its exalted degree of Virtue, and very fragrant, of a Purple colour, by which it may be known. I signify this to prevent the mock imitations of illiterate Pretenders, which Agabus-like, destroy many a fragrant Flower in this Art.  
Potestates rosmarini, or the powerful united Spirit of Rosemary, which is made by the Flowers thereof, sermented and distilled into an high Spirit, and then united with its own Oil and Salt, which abundantly outdoes the Hungarian Water. Observe that by these Examples, you may be able to prepare what Powers you will from Herbs, or Flowers, or Gums.  
To make a Spirit so high and etherial as to fire Gunpowder, and fit for China, Japan and Lackwit varnishes. Take three or four pounds of Bay Salf, and decripitate it very well, and give it a great degree of Fire, but keep it from melting by stirring of it with an iron Rod, till it comes to a very fine Powder; before it is quite cold, throw it into a Still, and pour upon it two Gallons of Aquavitae, Brandy, or any of the proof Spirits, made from those former Wines, and gently distil your Spirit in Baln. until all is come over, and so your Phlegm will remain in the bottom, and your Spirit shall be more fine at one Distillation, than at two or three without Salt; This Spirit is of great use in Spagirical Operations, as well as in Varnishing. The proof of its goodness is thus known; put some Grains of Gun powder in a Spoon or small Silver Taster, and fill it with Spirit, and hold it in cold Water, being fired, but let not any water in, and if it is good, 'twill fire off the Gunpowder: but if moisture remain, so that the powder is not burnt, than it is not high enough. This Spirit from English growths is worth Eight shillings a Gallon.  
Now of its use in preparing Varnish, and first of the Gold Lack. ℞. Or Seed Lack 8 Ounces, of the finest Gumsandrack in fine powder 4 Ounces, mix them well, and put them into a large glass body, and add to it, of the strongest Spirit of Wine pounds, and observe, that one third part of the glass is filled, and with Hay twisted about it, place it in B. M. and let it stand there until as much of the Gums are dissolved as will be, which will require about 8 or 10 hours, minding to shake it sometimes over the Baln. Then take Guttagamba one Ounce, Sauguish draconis half an Ounce, and as much Spirit of Wine as will dissolve them, which may be about 4 Ounces, and after they are dissolved mix them hot, and let them stand so about half an hour, then strain it out, and keep it close stopped for use. Observe, that in the place of Guttagamba some use Turmerick, others Saffron, to raise the golden colour. Now Gum Anima makes a white Varnish, and Gum spelt a black.  
To make China Varnish. ℞. Of rectified Wine, one pound put into a clean Bottle, and add thereunto of Gum lack 5 Ounces, shake them well together, and let them stand 24 hours in a moderate heat, such as the Sun in Summer, then strain it through a Canvas bag, and let it settle by the fire, and keep it in Bottles by itself for use.  
To make the black ground from the Japan-work. ℞. The grounds is of the abovesaid Varnish, and mix in a Galley-pot, with some of the following black, with which cover the work 3 or 4 times, then with clear Varnish wash the work over 10 times, and let it be done in a Stove, and at the end of 8 days polish it with Trippilo.  
To make the rarest black in the World. ℞. An Earthen Lamp, and put in a very large cotton, then fill it with Linseed Oil, and receive the Smoke in a new Earthen dish, and with a Feather brush it off from time to time, which keep for use.  
To make a Red Varnish. ℞. Mix vermilion with the ground of the Varnish, with which cover the work well 3 times, then strain in Cornation Red through a fine Linen Cloth into the clear part of the Varnish, with which Varnish the virmillion till the colour please your Eye, then with the clear Varnish alone, Varnish over 10 times, and then let it dry a Week, and so polish with Trip. as the other.  
How to make the Ingredients for the raising work. Mix six parts of Whitening, with one part of Bolearmonick finely powdered, with Gum-water, till it be the thickness of Cream, the which lay on.  
How to make the Gum-Water. Dissolve an Ounce of Gumaraback in a pint of clear Water.  
How to make a Varnish for Silver. To a pint of Spirit of Wine, put 4 Ounces of Gumsandrack, and one of Mastic, shake them well, and let them stand 24 hours in a moderate heat.  
How to make use of the Gold and Silver. Buy Silver and Gold in Shells, and put to it Gum-water, and then mix it extraordinarily well with your Pencil, and if it prove too stiff, put a little fair water into it, and so you may Draw or Writ as you please.  
To make another China-Varnish. ℞. Of Seed Lack 10 Ounces, of Sandrack an Ounce and half, put them in a Can of rectified Spirit of Wine, shake them well together, and let them stand 48 hours in a moderate heat, then strain it through a Canvas Bag, and let it settle in a moderate heat 4 or 5 hours, then drain off the clear, which keep apart.  
To make white Varnish. The white ℞. is made by putting 3 Ounces of picked Sandr. and 2 Ounces of Mastic, in one pound of Spirit.  
To make a raw Varnish for Violint and other Instruments. ℞. Of the deepest coloured Amber 3 or 4 Ounces, and put it in a well leaded po●, and let it melt on a Charcoal Fire, surring it with an Iron Spatula, when 'tis melted, 'twill be dark like clarified Rosin, then pour it on a Marble stone.  
To purify the Oil. ℞. Of the best Linseed Oil, q. s. e. put it in a new well leaded pot, let it boil well, and skim it often, when 'tis boiled enough, which you may know by putting in a Goose-quill, for than it will not burn it, strain it and keep for the use.  
Then ℞. Of this Oil one pound, of Amber above mentioned 6 ounces, beaten small, let them heat on a gentle Fire, continually stirring it, ●●ll it be dissolved, if it be too thick, ●dd more Oil, if too thin, add more ●●mber; when your Varnish is of a ●ood thickness, strain it through a Clothe, and keep it for use. Sometimes 〈◊〉 will be 2 or 3 hours before the Am●●● be dissolved; be not discouraged 〈◊〉 the blackness, for 'tis not turned 〈◊〉 'tis ●ot always transparent at the first, you must begin at first with a gentle fire and increase it by degrees.  
To Bl●ck Wood First make a water of 2 pound of Brandy, of well-water 2 pound, of Galls 2 ounces, of Salt M. boil them in an Earthen pot well stopped half an hour, then take a sponge, and with this water cover the work once in 4 or 5 hours at least 30 times, every time before it is quite dry lay on the following die.  
℞. Of strong Vinegar 2 pound, of Filings of Iron one pound and half; of rusty Iron one pound; a little Salt; of Verdigrease an ounce and half; of Galls a pound and half, a penny worth of ○ → sublimed, a piece of the bark of Bois deanne, and a Lemond cut into 4, let them steep for 15 days in an Earthen or Iron pot stopped, then when 'tis dry polish it with Trippillo.  
To gild it. The proportions are of Bole one pound, of Sanguine stone, or Red one pound, of black Led an ounce, of Tallow an ounce and half; put the Bowl to steep in water, than pound the red Chalk and black, and after grind them fine with the Tallow, grind the Bowl by little and little, and then mingle all together and cover them with water.  
To a spoonful of this put 2 or 3 spoonfuls of Water, and the quantity of a Walnut of strong Sike, lay on 7 or 8 couches, this will keep in a cold place half a year.  
Thus (Reader) we have presented thee with various things; but indeed they are the draught of a rough Pen, written for thy profit by one of Nature's Pupils, which I hope the Learned disciples in the secret Mysteries of Nature will take in good part, seeing it is a true Birth and no Foster-Child, which, as 'tis nourished may grow to the full stature of a Man, and be able to plead something on the behalf of its Progenitor; and seeing 'tis done in good will thou must accept of it so.  
Farewell.    

A General Treatise OF THE ORIGINAL OF DISEASES: Together with their Cure by Spagirical Medicines.  
IN this Treatise we shall write concerning the Nature of Diseases; together with the office of Physic or Medicine in general, which is comprehended in the word Medicina, which contains five kinds, Nosognomick, Boethetick, Pharmaectuick, Chirurgick, Dietetick; but we shall here comprehend them under three, viz. Physiologick, Pathologick, and Therapeutic: Now this division agreeing best with Spagirical Doctrine, we shall erect upon this Hypothesis, beginning first with Physiologica, is to know and understand the structure of Human bodies, both Anatomically and Physically, from which we may know to apply suitable Medicines; whether they are prepared from the Animal, Mineral, or Vegetable Kingdom.  
Pathologica is that which describes, and wherein is considered the general Method of Indications of Diseases; Diagnostic, Aetiologick, and Prognostic.  
Therapeutica is wherein are considered the general Indication of Cure, under what denomination soever, because in the Spagirical way we never observe the Dietetick part, for we allow the Patiented their kind of Food in Moderation, as we have largely shown in our Spagirick Phylosophy's Triumph. As to the Chirurgick part, we esteem not of it any more than for Wounds, simple or compound Fractures, Dislocations and such like external accidents; but as to Ulcers, Fistula's and Cancers, N●ll we ●augeres experience doth demonstrate cannot belong to this part, for if curable it must be performed by internal Specific Medicines, which will take off the original cause thereof; for instance, we had a Patient in Rotterdam, was afflicted with a virulent Ulcer in the Leg, and had been up and down under cure for 6 Months, or more, in some of which time she was under the Masters of the Hospital, but to little effect, for they used their hot corrosives so long till she was down right Lame, yet (by the blessing of God) was relieved and cured by me with one double bottle of my Vinum vitae proprietatis Ensencificated with the aurifyed Sulphur of Antimony: We could give several other such Instances, which for brevity's sake, (and lest the Volume should grow too big) we shall omit, till we publish our Spagirical Philosophy Asserted: And again, that part in Chirurgery, which to the Operator is most beneficial, we cannot assent to, as Phlebotomy, Fomentation, Scarification, and such like; because they are cruel and unmerciful, and after all that very little conducive to a Cure.  
Now of the Pharmatick part we only esteem that, which prepares such Medicines, as will radically cure by a Specific virtue; for of violent Vomits, Purges or Salivations, we cannot admit, because whilst drugs thus operate, they are clothed with their venomous and unnatural crudities, and not fit to be given by the hand of an Honest Physician, such, we mean, as prefers a good conscience before popular applause.  
The Quaery therefore will be, how true Medicine (and such as will really relieve the Diseased) may be prepared, in answer whereunto we refer you to ●t Third Head, where we shall demonstrate, that such are only prepared by the Knowledge of Nature; as true Rivulets flowing from the Fountain, for from thence proceed the Mediums and Menstrums, that have power to open the most compacted bodies, and cause them to send out those Friendly Balsamic, and Medicinal virtues, where by the afflicted are relieved; but more of this in the place before cited.  
☞ We shall now come briefly to state our Hypothesis, concerning the Original, Nature and Cure of Diseases, in such words, as may so inform the well-minded desirer, and to receive satisfaction thereby: The Original, Nature, Variation and Cure of Diseases may therefore (as we before said) be comprehended and understood in a threefold respect.  
First, in the Knowledge of the Microcosmical structure, and how Diseases arise in human kinds, so as to assault the Animal Life, and sensitive Soul; for we find that all the Diseasy Ideas are conveyed in the vehicle of the Spiritual Juices to the constitutive parts.  
Secondly, In knowing the proper Indications of Diseases, and how changes and variations are made in simple and complicate one's; for 'tis very necessary, that the concurrences, in the Nature and Eventual accidents thereof, be praeominated.  
Thirdly, these being understood, we may boldly insist upon the Cure of Diseases, by a Judicious Administration of proper Medicines, and by such variations, as are requisite for removing the Cause thereof.  
But before we proceed to lay down the Rise and Nature of Diseases, we think it convenient (to make our Intention the more plain) first to define what a Disease is; a Disease therefore is defined to be an assault made upon the Spiritual Life, in human kinds, in order to make a breach of its natural Harmony.  
For 'tis plain to us, that Diseases have their first Existence in the very principles of Life, and sensitive Soul, by which they are conveyed to the Archaeus, (who is, as we say, the central vital Spirit, exalted to the highest state in the Microcosm) which distributes a vital ray, of which Ares is Specificator, to all the parts and Members of the body, which being assaulted by the Diseasy Ideas, whether Superior Influences, Epidemic Venom's, or other accidents, causing Terror, Fury and Amazement, whereby Nature becomes unmindful of her own office, and admits of Diseases, and sometimes death without resistance: Because by such preternatural actions the wrathful quality is stirred up, which otherwise lay silent in the Centre of the body: for (as we have said in our Medicina Rationalis) the feed of Life and Death is placed, and originally existeth, in the Centre of every Body, and of Man, in order to subdue him to fear, and reverence his Creator; for, (as the Apostle saith) From Adam death reigned upon all men.  
Now this Archaeus hath such a pure Central Life, that it is immediately put into fury and distraction, by those clouds the diseases Idea makes, which being antipatherical to its purity, it cannot but oppose, endeavouring so long to cast them off, till enraged thereby, and so neglecting its own office, many times immediately admits of death; but, if not so soon, these untoward guests take place, captivating and destroying, and as they have admittance, assume Matter, and become corporeal; whence, according to its continuance, proceed chronic diseases, or such as be of difficult cure: For this matter (as we have said in our Spagirick Philosophy asserted) is by degrees dissolved, and spread through the Body, and so universally assaults the whole Fabric, or at least wise some principal part, or organ thereof, whence sometimes proceed Obstructions, hypocondriac Melancholy, and many others; for the Humours, especially the predominant, have thereby power to overflow; thence Diseases from the inequality of Humours, which often are remotely promoted by the six Non-naturals.  
We therefore assert these to be the accidental, not the original or Procafarctick Cause of diseases, as many will have them, and that by these. Nature is deprived of her own State and Office, and led into that which is contrary to her; which prevails so long, as the Anatomia Essata hath power to Dart forth her venom, in order to extinguish the Fountain of Life.  
We shall therefore state this as a general Aphorism in Physic, that if the Spirit, the Fabricator and Conservor of Human Bodies, stands clear and undefiled, being not infected by the clouds of Diseases; the Body, which is the Receptacle of the Spirit, must needs remain in a vigorous activity, for no morbific Matter can exist therein, but by the Spirits Error, which afterwards forms Matter, and becomes corporeal.  
For as Christ says, Mat. 12.28. How can one enter into a strong Man's House, and spoil his Goods, except he first bind the strong Man; In reference hereunto, the Spirit may be said to be a strong Man, and the Arch, as the Watchman of the Microcosm, which examines all, therefore must be first bound and captivated, before the House or Body can be destroyed.  
Thus much in general concerning the Original of Diseases, and their forms impressed by the Diseases Idea on the Spirit, through which they become corporeal; we shall now consider by what Medium they act; We say then, as the external Air of the Macrocosm, is the Medium between Heaven and Earth, containing the universal Spirit, by whose Power Life proceeds from Generation to Generation, and by the deprivation thereof, Death, Corruption and Destruction; for being darkened, corrupted and infected with divers Spiritual Forms, whether Superior or Inferior, by exhalation of corrupted Fumes, for 'tis a Matrix that receives all, till overburdened or infected thereby, it sends forth its venom both on Man and Beast; as is too too evident in Pestilential times, etc.  
So 'tis in the Air of the Microcosm, where the Spirit acts, that being the medium between Life and Death, and consequently, the effective Instrument of Health and Diseases; for that being overburdened, either by the superior Influences, or Spirituality of the different exhalations, proceeding either from a subsequent Cause, or the immediate Passions and exasperation of the Mind, by Anger, Grief, Fear, or the like; or of the Body by sudden motion, or Cold, by which the Spirit is too much inflamed, or contracted, or from the superabundance of Meat or Drink taken: For althô these are the handmaids and nourisher of Life, yet when taken in excess, they many times become the very instrument of Death, like as the most choice Panacea, which by a ray of its light, is able to cure all Diseases, yet too many rays thereof will overpower the natural one, and so extinguish it: wFor as Sandivogius says, a great Fire soon extinguishes a small one, and that many of the Philosophers have destroyed themselves, by not knowing the right use of the grand Panacea; for we are to receive things in Temperance, so as to strengthen the natural heat, and not to overcome it, as we have touched at in the Preface.  
'Tis no wonder indeed, why there should be such variation in Diseases, and so many new and complicate ones arise; if we rightly consider how great the excess and intemperance, this age abounds with, is, for from thence proceeds a debilitation of the Spirit, a defect of the Spiritual Juices, and an inlet to cacochamick ones, and from thence corruption; and this being united with the Debaucheries, receiving from each other the Spiritual vapour of their poisonous Venom's, the Grand Pox is contracted; which, being not timely cured, corrupts and stains the Vessels with its Diseases Malignancy, and is often sent forth to the superficies of the Body, and internally stains the radical moisture, causing an Impostumated Seed, and decayed Body; from whence, in the act of another Generation it stamps its Ideas, or its Matrix; from hence hereditary Diseases, and the cause of so many weak and imperfect Children, which also in process of time, produce the same effects, and so cause such other new complicate Diseases, & such as become the amaze and astonishment of Physicians; for 'tis not only the Diseases varying, and divers symptoms thereof appearing, but also some new ones are commonly & yearly produced, vastly different from the other: And this is observed, and for a truth generally agreed upon by most of the Learned and Curious observing Physicians, that I have met with in my European Travels.  
And indeed, the craziness and imperfectness of Bodies, in this our Age, are much to be pitied and lamented: for let the Physician come where he will, he can seldom fail of discrning some Symptoms and evil Effects thereof; and 'tis much to be feared, that the Intemperance of this Age will cause such evil Fermentations, as to produce yet worse Diseases, which (I pray God) the Inhabitants may prevent by timely Repentance, for I dread the soreness of the Judgement, etc.  
From what hath been said, 'tis easy to be conceived, that Intemperance hath been as a Procatarctick Cause of many Diseases; staining the Spirits, corrupting the Humours, and many times the principal Vessels, causing similar, organic, and common Diseases: For we say, that one original Cause may in different Bodies or Constitutions, produce different Effects, and the more different symptoms, according as it hath its situation, or power to assault the Synteresis of Nature: We shall therefore state another Aphorism, viz.  
That the Spirit being the first admitter of disseasy Ideas, those also must be Spiritual, and carry with them their own Seed, and forming Power; or else no specification of a disease, could be made.  
Now this being so, we are to consider, what those diversity of Forms are, that produce diversity of Diseases For we see, that in Epidemic diseases, which though, generally proceed from corrupted venoms, yet each of them cause different Characters on the Body: The Measles one, the Small Pox another, the Swine Pox another, the Spotted Fever another, and the Plague another: For that hath the most raging power, or violent burning, painful Blains, Carbuncles, or Bubo's, as a test of Rage, changing the same, in, and with the solid parts to the blackness of a Coal, or stinking Pus, etc.  
Now by all of these the Life is eminently threatened, according as the Form hath power immediately to work upon, and prevail against the light of Nature. This diversity of diseasie Ideas may not seem difficult to be conceived, if we but consider, that the general matter of all things was originally one, and that the diversity of Species came in the World, by, and from the character and stamp of Form in the Animal, Mineral, and Vegetable Kingdom, in all the kinds thereunto belonging: For (as the Apostle saith) every Body hath its own Seed, and every Seed it's own Body. In the vegetable Kingdom, the Body is Salt, the Form Sulphur or Oil, which are discernably different in Taste and Smell, one from another, which whilst the Texture remained, had power to retain its Form in multiplication of its kind, through the power of the universal Spirit. In the Mineral Kingdom, the Body is Mercury, but that which gives the various Forms, is Sulphur, which through the Medium of the Universal, grow, and are multiplied. In the Animal Kingdom, the Body is Flesh, but the Form is that which makes the diversity, according as 'tis pure, purer, or most pure; the most pure is Man, being animated with the Divine Light; the Pure is Fish and Foul; and the less Pure is Flesh in its divers and brutish kinds; yet all live, increase and multiply through the Medium of the Universal Spirit: Moreover, Man (being a Microcosm, an Epitome of all Forms, a Compendium of all Powers, and System of Superior and Inferior Being's) must doubtless be acted upon by all Forms: For, as Legions of Angelical Spirits are for ministering Comfort to Man by the Rays of Light; so on the other hand, Are there Legions of Diabolical ones, stirring up their Instruments to dart and poison him with the black cloud of Leath: Therefore we say, that as the Spirit of Man is acted upon by the divers diseasie I deas; & yet the Primary Matrix of Diseases one, viz. a moist, mercurial poisonous Air, which we call the Anatomia Essata, whose existence is in all the urinous Spirits in the Body, and is fed by the same, in which the different Ideas Act and Form several Species by the Medium of the Spirit, in the little World, even as 'tis in the Spirit of the great World.  
Wherefore we say, that all kind, or species of Diseases are produced by the Spiritual Action of the dismal Form; and according to the nature of the Humour acted upon, or of the Vessel, Organ or Passage, that 'tis incorporated in, and as 'tis nearer or more remote situated to the Archaius: For we see that in the Itch and Scabs, the Blood is corrupted and infected; as also in the Scurvy and Scrofulous Humours; yet each of these are considerably different one from another, and all different from the former: which still demonstrate diversity of Forms in the specification of Diseases: And again, in the French Pox, which having its rise from complicate Vapours, produceth in like manner complicate Symptoms, which have some or other resemblance of various sort of Diseases.  
Now if the Form is of a Saturnal Nature, dull and languid in Motion, from thence hypocondriac Melancholy, and inveterate Obstructions, hard to be removed. Now the further operation of these sulphurous Ideas, or black Clouds, will be more fully shown in my Spagirick Philosophy asserted, where the Original of Diseases is more fully demonstrated.  
These things being rightly known, and considered, we may be able to make proper Indications of Diseases, whether produced simply from one Cause, or compounded with different Forms; whence proceed rebellious and complicate Diseases: Ex. Gr. The corruption of the Grand Itch in one uniting in Coitu with the acid or muriatic Partiticles in another, produceth, or bringeth forth a venomous Vapour, which may prove as a Progenitor to the Pox; and especially when 'tis heightened by a volatile Acidity in a second Action. The manner of which, ought truly to be known.  
And again, when the Scurvy after the same manner unnites with the grand Pox, it may cause such a violent fermentation in the blood, as to produce a Fever; some of which I have known so violent, that death hath immediately ensued.  
These, and many more of the like nature, produce such complicate Diseases, as have before been touched at, so that the most learned of Physicians at the first sight by the Diagnosticks and Aetiologicks are put to an onset, how rightly to give their Prognostics, which we shall endeavour to unfold, according to our experience, in our Medicina rationalis, and briefly in our Spagirick Philosophy asserted, and therefore omitting here  
We shall therefore conclude, that diseases are envenomed, poisonous Ideas, either more or less corporifyed; and so emitting their various effects and symtoms, and by degrees working upon the radical Moisture, or vital Spirits, till they are exhausted, and then by consequence death ensues.  
Now seeing 'tis a duty incumbent upon every Physician, to endeavour by true Specificks to heal those breaches and inroads, made upon Nature, whilst the Oil remains in its determined Pondus unexhausted: To the end, our mite may be contributed, we shall thus demonstrate the Therapeutic part as follows.  
Finding therefore, that Diseasy Ideas are dismal Clouds, whereby the Spirit of Life is stained, in order to produce death, for Diseases are its Messengers; we shall therefore recommend to your Consideration the search of such Arcana's, or suitable Medicines, such (we mean) as will emit some rays of light, whereby the sensitive Soul or Spirit of Life in human bodies may be illuminated, and which being rightly applied, have power to remove the Cause, and restore Nature to sanity.  
Of which number are all those, that are Spagirically prepared from the Chaos of the Adepts: and more especially their grand, universal, Tincturing Sulphur, against which no reasonable man dare object, seeing there is such an unanimous concurrence in the writings of the learned and Judicious spagirics: For they maintain the Possibility of one Medicine to have virtue sufficient to cure all Diseases. And 'tis no wonder it should be so, seeing 'tis an Essence of such Purity, as to have Predominancy over the Elementary and corrupting powers, being a Domicile, wherein the first form of light is concatinated in the Effl●viums of Life, and thence having a central Homogeneity, preserves the fuel of the Lamp from being stained with the Diseasy Ideas, and Nature from erring in its Harmony; and when it doth err; 'tis a sure Panacea to restore it again to sanity, maintaining the Microcosmical Wheels in due Decorum till the appointed time of Death, there being an Irrevocable degree, passed, against which there can be no Balm, etc.  
Furthermore, 'tis to be observed, that all Arcana's proceeds from the Power, Action and Virtue of this Chaos general; as also the Menstrum Alkabest▪ which is the Medium, by which Medicines, are prepared, and indeed without which there can be no true Essences, Elixirs, Magistries, etc. whatsoever high names are given to many extant.  
Moreover 'tis to be observed, that by the help of this general Spirit, we open the body of Tartar, uniting the extremes so, as to bring it to act in a succedanous way, and Spagirically to operate on most inferior bodies, and thereby to obtain their true Specific virtues, which Medicines are esteemed the succedanous ones, and short of these there are very few that will raise any considerable advantage to the Sick, let the commendation imposed by the makers thereof be ever so soaring; and 'tis daily confirmed by experience, that there be all-to-few Medicines, that by far answer what is attributed to them; because there be no Specificks, but what are prepared through a dissolving Agent, of which number is Tartar, which is of such a Nature, as to coagulate upon the body dissolved, but 'twill obtain from the Concrete its Caracteristical Powers, and hidden Specific Virtues; and on the other hand, the Concrete obtains from the Dissolvent an abstersive Nature, and by the action and passion the points centre into a Globical or Balsamic Ens, which is agreeable to our constitutive Principles, and so operate in those pure Effluviums, as to perform real Cures, to the comfort and satisfaction of the Patient, and Honour of the Honest-hearted Physician.  
Therefore this Consideration must not be omitted, viz. That 'tis necessary to observe variation in their administration, according to the alteration of the Disease; for our Ten Years experience shows us, that 'tis necessarily required in Practice, to make a Judicious variation in the Dispensation of Medicines, if we design that they should fully answer: For the way and Method, we observed 5 years ago, must be altered in the Prescriptions of this present year: For tho' the Method was certain then, in the Disease of the same kind, or species, yet such have now other twigs, Branches, and Symptoms, which necessarily require to be pruned off: For these, and such like reasons, the Author would not willingly out speak the virtue of any single Medicine; yet his experience is such, that he will thus much boldly declare for the encouragement of the Diseased, that if these do not demonstrate their Virtue on them in 30 or 40 days, so as to give a grounded belief of a real Cure, he advises such Patients to desist from means, except the Physician that follows him, can demonstrate, that he is in Possession of the Grand Panacoea, or Universal Medicine; otherwise the Cure is highly to be doubted. Those true Say have been found by experience, by such, that have not been willing to regard our Advice, but would be tampering and spending their Money, and yet alas, the Disease hath remained, until the Eyes have been closed, and they have given their last farewell to the World: Of this we are ●ble to give undeniable proofs.  
The last Observation is that these Sovereign Specific Medicines are more certain in their Operation, where the Patient observes with heedfulness the methods prescribed, and is temperate in exercise, Meat and Drink, and yet we allow all things in Moderation, so far, that the most curious palate may be pleased with such variety as Nature affords.  
Now for the satisfaction of all that are truly desirous to promote Art, I shall now come to demonstrate, and lay down the Basis we go upon, and the manner observed in preparing these our Medicines, viz. by the Medium of Tartar, as before hinted, which must be the pure and fixed Salt, truly volatized, whereby it becomes a pure fermenting Medium, an opener of Bodies, by Virtue of the reconciler of Extremes, and the very key for preparing true Specific and succedanous Medicines: Therefore observe as follows;  
The fixed Salt of Tartar is to be volatilised three distinct ways, viz. by acid Spirits, and then being distilled over into a middle Spirit, they assume the name of Arcana Pontissitata; also by urinous Oils, and Spirits, and then they assume the name of Arcana Microcosmica; also by essential Oils and vinor Spirits, and then they assume the name of Arcana Samick; not undeservedly, because of its friendly Balsamic Nature, homogenous to, and in the preparing of Medicines; therefore I shall touch at that, and omit the others, seeing we have distinctly laid them down in our Spagyric Philosophy's Triumph, where we have treated of the Mineral work, to which I refer you for more ample satisfaction, and proceed to lay down the ground on which the Arcanum Samick depends, etc.  
Circulatum Minimum, or the least Keys opening the door of entrance to the Spagirick Art.  
℞ of the best Rhenish Tartar, what quantity you please, and calcine it three or four days, until it looks bluish, then let it run per deliquium, which filter, and then by evaporation cristallize it into a Salt, which by an internal Decoction may be butterified, then take thereof Three pound, and of any fragrant essential Oil Nine pound, of our Reconciliator Microcosm. Q. S. E. to elixerate it, and then with an aromatised Spirit of Wine, Cohobate it seven times, until it hath drunk up, Q. S. E. to satify its Thirst, and so a noble tincturated Balsam is brought forth, which by Circulation must be united with its volatile Spirit, and then it may be exalted into a volatile Salt or Spirit; but 'tis sufficient to carry with it its fermentative Virtue, and to cure many stubborn Diseases: For this being truly and artificially prepared, gives the Preparer thereof, the deserved Name of a Spagirick, and in the ransacking of the Books of Nature, gives him to understand the Nature, as well as the bare name of Things; and confirms unto him the Truth of what we have written, showing it to be a Balsamic Ens, which doth exalt the Specific Virtue of Concrets to a greater degree of Nobleness for the Corporality of the Bodies are dilated, and the internal Sulphur more fully obtained, with the union of Tincture, from whence the healing rays of Light proceed. Therefore I shall give you a Catalogue of my Medicines; marking such as are prepared by it thus 🜍 therefore let it be observed.   

☞ Catalogus Medicinarum.  

First, Of Spirits.  
1. THE Spirit of Corn, or, true Aquavitae, bearing Proof of Gunpowder.  
2. Tartarizated Spirit of Wine; both of which serve for Cordials, and drawing forth Tinctures:  
3. A Paragorick, or Bathing Spirit, for pains of the Head, Bruises and Squalls, and Inflammations in any part of the Body.  
4. Spiritus Mundus, or the enriched Spirit of Sal Armoniac, proper in Fevers, Pleurisies, Jaundice, and Obstructions, for it cleanses the Blood in most Diseases.  
5. Spiritus segitivus, or a middle Elixir proprietatis Spiritualised; good in the Measles and Small Pox, and other pestilential Diseases, fortifying the vital Spirits.  
6. The volatile Spirit of Vitriol, prevalent in Hysterick Fits, Convulsions and Diseases of the Head, also for curing Green Wounds.  
🜍 7. Spiritus Prophelactick imperialis noster, or, the Antipeleptick Powers, Sovereign for all the Diseases of the Head, and Womb-fits, sudden surprisal, and infectious Diseases, and is a general Cordial for all Diseases incident to the Body.  
8. Spiritus Odontugiasus; or the Tooth-Spirit, prevalent to make black Teeth white, and to cure the Scurvy in the Mouth, or Gums.   

Secondly, De Potestatibus & Oleosis,  
1. Potestates Cochlearia, or the powerful United Spirit of Scurvygrass, prevalent in the Scurvy, and the other Diseases mentioned in this Book.  
2. Potestates Sambuci, or, the powerful united Spirit of Elder, prevalent in Surfeits, and other Diseases, as .  
3. Potestates Succinii, or the powerful united Spirit of Amber, prevalent in Mother-fits, and externally to Bathe any grieved part.  
🜍 4. The Royal Cordonum lenitivum, or friendly purging Cordial, victorious in Health-promoting Virtues, for it being so mild and sweet in its Operation, may be given for all Diseases, and to all Ages, Sexes, and Constitutions whatsoever.  
5. Oleosum Sylvii, prevalent in Fevers, Pleurisies, Surfeits, want of Digestion, and the like.  
6. Oleosum Helmontii, prevalent in Fits, Consumptions, Weakness of Nature, and the like.  
7. Oleosum nostram generale, prevalent in Fevers, Pleurisies, Surfeits, want Digestion, Fits, Consumptions, Weakness of Nature, and the like.  
🜍 8. Vinum vitoe proprietatis, or a middle Essentia membroram, in that it contains the forming Sulphur, and is ennobled by the specific Concrets, and so 'tis powerful for Women in Childbed, to hasten their Delivery, easing After-pains, and relieving in deplorable Cases.  
🜍 The volatile Tincture of Red Coral, and the Milk of Crabs Eyes, both powerful in Hysterick Distempers, and Ulcers, from whence proceed various Diseases, as Palpitations, Vertigo's, and Palsies.   

Thirdly, De Speciebus.  
1. Species Antimonii Russilii, whose Virtues are so well known to have a general Tendency to Man, in all those Operations, requisite for curing Diseases.  
🜍 2. Species Veneris gradus aureosa, prevalent in Fevers, Agues Dropsies, Scurvy, Gout and Stone.  
🜍 3. Species nostra Mineralis, the same in Operation with the former, but rather more powerful, and less in Dose.   

Fourthly, De Salibus.  
1. Ens Veneris, powerful in Obstructions and Rickets in Children, working as a general abstersive through the Body.  
🜍 2. The Volatile and Magisterial Salt of Tartar, prevalent in opening of Metals, dissolving the Stone in the Reins and Bladder; also in Ulcers, Fistulas and Cancers, laying a good foundation in order to their healing.  
🜍 3. Sal Calybis, or Salt of Steel, prepared in a way succedanus to that of the Alkanest, and therefore powerful in opening Obstructions in the Female Sex.  
🜍 4. Sal essentialis Holmensii, besides the Virtues in exalting Wines, it cures Diseases, according to the nature of the essential Oils, by which 'tis made; As for example. That of Juniper for Wind; That of Cinnamon for Epilepsies, and Convulsions; and so of the rest.  
🜍 5. Sal Nepenthe, or a Salt that eases pains in any part of the Body.   

Fifthly, De Arcanis.  
🜍 1. Arcanum Samick nostrum, whose Virtues are so great, that its worthily esteemed, and called Alkalium, Apex, or Top of Alkalies, and the crown of the Physician; because 'tis not only a wonderful Medicine, but also the Medium and means, by which true ones are prepared.  
2. Arcanum Butliare, and Glaubare, for it being made, either from Venus or Antimony, will answer all, that Glauber attributes to it in Pag. 64. Part, 3.  
🜍 3. Arcanum Minerale nostrum, or, The Sulphur of the Bloodstone, which being dilated in the Oil of Turpentine, stops Bleeding either internally or externally.  
4. Arcanum Specificatum Metallorum, or the Specific Sulphur of Venus, dissolving Mercury radically, and united into an Arcanum, curing the Grand Pox, and other rebellious Diseases.   

Sixthly, De Magisteriis, & Essentiis.  
1. Sal magisterialis panaristos Nostre, acting as an Universal Menstruum, being too fiery to have any Medicinal Virtues, therefore called Alkahest.  
2. Magisterium solare, or Aurum Potabile, working and operating with general Intentions, in order to preserve the body of man in sanity.   

Seventhly, De Sulphuribus.  
1. Ens vitae Metallorum, or Lively virtues of the Narcotick Sulphur of Venus manifested, which allayeth the enraged Archaeus, as with a Charm admirable in Fevers, Pleurisies, Frenzies, and Madness.  
2. Elementum ig. Sulphuris communis, or the Element of Fire of Common Sulphur, which Cures not only Sick and Ropy Wines, but also the body of Man; as Glauber hath laid down in pag. 3. par. 3.   

Eighthly, De Balsamis.  
1. Balsamum Sulphuris nostrum, prevalent in the Consumption, and for such whose natures are weak and decayed.  
2. Balsamum fuliginis Gonorrheum, prevalent in Curing the Running of the Reins, and all weakness in the Back and Loins.  
3. Balsamum Minerale & Vegetabile, curing Agues and Fevers, and by its fragrancy refreshes the Vital and Animal Spirits in most Diseases incident to the Body.  
4. Balsamum Vegitabile & Catholicum, or the general wound Balsam, radically curing Wounds, Ulcers, and Fistula's.   

Ninthly. De Mel.  
1. Mel Vegitabilis & Mineralis, both for the enriching and dilating Cordial Spirits into a friendly nature.   

Tenthly, De Aquis.  
1. Aqua Occularis, prevalent for red, weak, sore, and imperfect Eyes.  
2. Aqua Vehicularis Vegitabilis, & Aqua Mineralis, both of which are for the conveying of such Medicines, which otherwise are too fiery and strong into the body.   

Eleventhly, De Pillulis.  
1. Pillula Mathias Starkey, made by the Sapo, good for Surfeits, Gripes, Coughs, Colds, and the like.  
🜍 2. Pillula Anodina Specificata & Cathartica, and Pillula Samick Nepenthe; both of which are powerful Medicines, but the last the most effectual, for the Opium is radically corrected, and brought to a Balsamic Nature, powerful in Arthritis, Sciatica, and Rhumatisms; for it easeth pain, and causeth nature to rest from the burden of many stubborn Diseases.  
Thus have I in brief, given you an account of the Medicines we prepare, being indeed almost Superabundant for any ingenious man to practice by, and that it may be the more clearly conceived; we shall once more show their general Virtues, by applying them to the parts afflicted, as follows.  
For Diseases of the Head, as Coma, Lethargy, Apoplexy, Convulsion, Epilepsy, Palsy, Madness, and the like, proceed thus: First, let the body be well cleansed, by taking every second Night of our Royal Cordonum Lenitivum, and constantly taking drops in the day of our Spiritus prophelaetic. imperialis, for violent Madness rather the Spiritus Mundus: but for Epilepsies, the Volatile Spirit of Vitriol; and after 7 or 8 days take in drops of our Vinum vitae propr. and once in two days of the Narcotick Sulphur of Venus, or the Arcanum Antimonii; often externally striking the Temples and forepart of the Head with our Oleosum, or Thomsons Stomatick Tincture; this Method must be followed, with some judicious Variations, till a Cure is perfected.  
Scaled heads are Cured by the Vinum vit. propr. only we apply to the Scalp Empl. diascrosulum. It is also excellent being inwardly taken to strengthen sore and weak Eyes, and to abate any Inflammation therein, only externally drop in 2 or 3 drops of our Aqua Occularis; also 'tis excellent for the diseases of the Ears internally taken, and being mixed with Oil of Sweet Almonds to be dropped into the Ears, stopping the same with a little black Wool; it also cures the diseases of the Mouth, as Ulcerations, Cancerations, being inwardly taken only for pained Teeth dissolve in it Pill. samech. nepenthe, putting it into the Ear of the Aching side, and holding the same in the Mouth, and this generally gives ease and twice or thrice; but we have sometimes cured the pain of the Teeth only with our Paragorick. Spirit snuffed up the Nostrils: but for to make Yellow, Black and corrupted Teeth white and sound, and to cure the Scurvy in the Mouth, I wash them with my Spr. Odontugiasus.  
☜ For the Diseases of the Throat, Thorax, or Breast, as Quinseys', Coughs, Asthmas, Plurisys, Peripneamonies, Consumptions, Spitting blood, Apostems, taken in drops three times a day, and now and then, of the Spr. Mundus, and once a Week to purge with our Royal Cordonum lenit. and every third Night a dose of our Species Mineralis, and the intermitting Nights of our Pil. sam. nep. often smelling to our Spir. proph. imper. if the Spirits are faint, drink often of our general Cordial, which will comfort as much as Food, and let the Cure be completed with our Ens vit. metal. but in Consumptions make use often of our Magisterium solare; and thus proceed till a Cure is perfected  
☜ For the Diseases of the Abdomen or Belly, as Heart-burn, Vomiting, Squeamishness, Belching, Rumbling in the Guts, Heat of Stomach, Want of Appetite, Hicoughs, Diarrhea, Lientery, Caeliaca, Vomiting and Looseness, Dyssentery, or Bloody flux, Iliack-passion, Colic, Jaundice, Dropsy, the Hepatick-flux, Excess or Supression of the Homorrhoides, hypocondriac disease, Scurvy, Diseases of the Kidneys and Bladder, the Fixed and running Gout, French pox, Gonorrhoea, and nocturnal Pollutions, we presribe every second Night a dose of our Pil. samech. nep. and in drops of our Vinum vit. pr. constantly, once a Week purging with our Royal Cord. lenit. but in the Colic add a little essential Salt of Camomile flower; and in the Dropsy our A●●●●. Antim. for the hypocondriac disease add the Potest. samb. and Ambr. in drops, intermixing between the Vin. vit. pr. for the Scurvy Pil. anod. sp. & catarrh. & Potest. Cochleare. and Arcan. Speci. metal. For the Stone the Spirit of Tartar. For the Gout, take a large Dose of our Pil. sam. nepen. and Sweat thereon, bathing the grieved part well before the Fire, with our Vint. vit. propr. and now and then take a Dose of our Spec. Miner. ☞ But for a Clap, Running of the Reigns, Swelling of the Yard, pain in making Water, which, if not well Cured turns into the Grand-pox, which is known by the Symptoms, a sore between the Glans and Prepuce, which then will soon infect the body with Scabs, Blotches, Aches, Eating Ulcers in the Nose and Throat, Nodes in the Shinbones, and those with horrible nocturnal pains, palpitations and dangerous Coughs; and in fine, a miserable end if not timely cured; for these are prescriped our Royal Cord. lenitiv. to be taken every second Night, and our Vin. vit. pr. constantly in drops, and the intermitting Nights our Species Ven. gr. aureos. For violent Gonorrhea's intermit these, and take the Balsam. fulig. and if there be very violent pains, take now and then a dose of Pil. sam. nep. and principally Arcan. Spec. Metal. which will wonderfully perform the Cure, as the Author hath often demonstrated, in a way far more easy, private and safe, pleasant and cheap, than hitherto hath been practised or know in England; all which the Patient and prudent Experiencer may find to their great satisfaction.  
☞ For Fevers, as Ephemora, putrid continual Fevers, Causus or burning Fevers, Quotidian, Tertean, or Quartan, the slow Hetick-Feaver, the Colliquative or Melting, and the Lymphatic and Catharrhous Fever, malignant Fevers, and those of the Plague, Spotted Fever, Hungarian Disease, and others Epidemical, Small Pox and Measles, intermitting Fevers, or Agues, Quotidian, Tertian or Quartan Agues, Symtomatick Fevers or Agues, and the like; you are to proceed thus: Take every second Night of our Ens vit. Metal. and the intermitting Nights of our Pil. sam. nep. in drops Potest. Samb. or Spir. Sagit; but principally of our Vin. vit. propr. and then intermit and take of our Sp. Ven. gr. aur. or Are. Butl. and as the Diseases gins to abate, carry off the Corruptions with our Royal Cord. lenit. taken as a Cordial; sometimes the Species Antimonti, Russel and Species Nostr. Mineralis, mitigating the violency of pains by Sal nepenth. or rather Ens Vitae metallorum; now for the bating Thirst, take of our Spir. Odontugiasus from 10 to 20 drops in Beer, etc.  
☞ Now for the Diseases incident Women, as Wind; Dropsy, and falling down of the Womb, Hysterick-Passion, or Fits of the Mother, the defect, Imminution and disorderly Flux of the Menses with pain, the Excessive Flux of the Mensis, and the Whites, Barrenness, Symptoms of Women with Child, viz. Nautiousness, Vomiting, Longing, Spasm, False-Conception, Miscarriage, Mola: Difficult Travail, a dead Child, breaking Water, the Symptoms of Lying-in Women, Lochia, etc. The Green-sickness, Furor U●erinus, and women's Melancholy: You are to obserxe that whatsoever is requisite to be done by manual operation must be dexterously performed, as in the falling down of the Womb, and more especially in difficulty of Travail, either by some truly expert Woman, or rather a Man Midwife. Now for Medicines proper in the aforesaid Diseases, are my Vin. vit. propr. Pillula sam. nep. The Magisterial Salt of Steel, the Powers of Amber; but more especially the Narcotick Sulphur of Venus, dilated in my Vin. vit. propr. For it is not only good in hastening the delivery, but also eases after-pains, and takes off those Symptoms which are incident to Women, that lie in, etc.  
☞ For Diseases incident to Children, se. the Jaundice, Child's Gripes, Belching, Hiecough, Nautiousness. Heatburn, Vomiting, Curdling of the Milk, etc. Looseness and Costiveness, a Thrush, fits, difficult breeding of Teeth, children's Coughs and Asthmas Worms, Consumptions, Rickets, the Stone, stoppage and incontinence of Urine, Agues and Fevers, etc. take my Royal Cordonum lenitiv●m, as 'tis prescribed in our Spagirick Philosophy Asserted, also our Vinum vit. propr. Pillula sam. nep. and Ens vit. metal. which will answer all, that can be desired by, or from a specific Medicine: and seeing I have given their true Use and Dose asbefore cited, I shall omit them here, and refer you thither for your ample satisfaction.  
☞ Now for External Maladies, and such as belong to the Chirurgical part, as Wounds, Bruises, Squatts, Ulcers, Cancers, Fistula's, Noli me tangere's, etc. There is no better Remedies can be prescribed, than our Balsamum vegitat. & Catholic. the Volatile Spirit of Vitriol, and Paragorick Spirit, and principally, out Vinum vit. proper. and the Narcotick Sulthur of Venus, and the Spirit of Tartar, which will perform the Cure, when not to be reached by other Medicines; and that with great case and safety.  
Now Friendly Reader, you are to observe, that what we have writ of the Virtue of the forenamed Medicines, we know by long experience to be certainly so, as having relieved many thereby, in such deplorable Cases, that they have been given over by other Physicians, as we have instanced and demonstrated, in our Spagirick Philosophy asserted; to which I refer every true and ingenious Inquirer, for their full satisfaction; it being an Epitome or Abstract, containing the Marrow of George Starkey, Van Helmont, Paracelsus and other Ancient Philosopher's Writings, according as we have obtained the true Interpretation thereof, by labouring in the Fire, and (as I may truly say) with the expense of several hundreds of Pounds; neither have I been slack or wanting in any thing, which might contribute to the obtaining of true Art and Science, having Traveled much, and in that, have had the benefit of the greatest Curiosities, esteemed by the most Learned Professors in any of the European Universities, conversing with many Artists of several Nations, etc. So then these being compiled for my own practice, yet we having a desisign of general service, or for the good of such, which have not had the like advantage; therefore if they apply themselves to me in difficulties, they may be Instructed or fitted as they desire.  
Thus ye Brittanian A●tists, let me see your Smiles, (viz.) The use and Encouragement of this so useful an Art, that so its product may become serviceable to many Lands; for this end was it Published, Farewell.  
From the Academia Spagirica Nova, where those aforenamed Medicines are truly and faithfully prepared for the Public Use.  
Observe, Such as are desirous to make use of any of them, must apply themselves to me, or our Operator, THO. NEWTON, Chimicomedicus & Discipulus Spagirica Philosophia.  
FINIS.    

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WHereas the Author of this Book hath Composed seveother useful Books, and dsigning them for the Public Service, and being made ready for the Press, these are to advertise those who are willing to take off, or Subscribe to any number of Books, let them apply themselves to the Author, or to Mr. Salusbury, Bookseller, at the Sign of the Temple, near Temple-Barr, Fleet street, London; The Books are as follow.  
1. Medicina Rationalis, Or, the Young Physicians Complete Guide, containing a grounded Definition and Fundemental Rules, concerning the Original Cause and Nature of Diseases, and what different Effects are made by the Morbificated Matter, being Lodged on the various parts of the Body: To which is added, A Choice Collection of Experimintal Medicines, proper for the Cure of any, the most rebellious Diseases, incident to Human kinds: Exemplarifyed by Three various Courses, viz. Pharmaical, Spagirical, and Philosophical.  
2. Chymicus Rationalis, Or, Chemical Doctrine stated on Vinor, Vrinous, Acid, and Alkalizated Spirits, reducing from thence proper and powerful Medicines, for the Cure of many stubborn Diseases: All which are Illustrated by various Examples, in a way never so plainly performed before. To which is added a Philosophical Discourse, concerning the Microcosmical World, viz. Man.  
3. Spagirick Philosophy Asserted, Or, The True Physicians Principles Demonstrated, by way of answer to several important Queries, stated by Dr. Boylwharfe, Collegiate, living at Rotterdam in the Province of Holland. Being a Brief, but yet Candid Account of the Original, Nature, Form and Preparation of Noble Specific Medicines, obtained by Knowledge of Nature, and her secret Diploma, by the help of Labour and Art. To which is added their Virtues, Use, and Dose, for the Honour of the True Art of Healing, or Exaltation of Spagirick Medicines. Seeing so great Benefits proceeds from them, in order to relieve those grievously afflicted with stubborn Diseases, or sorely distressed with rebellious Maladies; for by an Homogenous Affinity to Nature, they Act, and thence strengthen her in those Assaults, made by the Anatomia Essata, which endeavour a breach of Harmony; and by this means the Microcosm is restored to Sanity. To which is added, A Cabalistical Discourse of the Original, Primigeniture and Procatartick Cause, Nature, and Difference of Diseases: All stated on a new Hypothesis, agreeable to the Blood circulation, and first Principle of Nature: Written for the Lovers of Philosophical Verities. etc.  
4. A Magical Magazine, Or, Nature's Storehouse, Divided into Two Volumes, each of which is again subdivided into Three Books, etc. The first Containing the Three great Miracles of Art and Nature, viz. The Volatile Salt of Tartar; The Liquor Alkahest, and Mercury of the Philosophers: In all of which we have handled, as well the Medicinal Mysteries, as the Transmutation of Metals; Our Matter being delivered from the first general Chaos, whence alone, the Triune Key is prepared. We have also showed its various Uses and Applications in the prepartion of all those Noble Arcana's of the Addepts. The Second three Volumes is of Mercury's Caduce Rod; The Doctrine of Principles, and the World's Harmony: Containing the Fundamental Doctrines, concerning the Texture, Seed, Growth and Reservation of Natural Things; all reduced to a plain and regular Method: That so the Industrious Searcher, after the Secrets of Art and Nature, may be truly enabled to comprehend whatever hath been so hiddenly and obscurely delivered by the ancient Philosophers in so many large Volumes, which is here collected and cast up, as a Pathway, in which the Sons of Wisdom may safely Walk.  
P. 1. Spagirick Philosophy's Triumph, Or, the Doctrine of separating the Pure from the Impure by Fire, Water and Spirit, as 'twas practised by the Ancients, that here asserted and maintained against the Pseudo Philosophers, or Abortive Physicians, that for the shaking off their rotten Foundations, and establishing a sure one, such an one indeed, on which the Sons of Art may Build, for we have there delivered Fundamental Rules concerning the Nobleness of the Spagirick Art, clearly demonstrating the infallible Office of Fire, Salt, and Light, in the preparing of true specific Medicines, and those Magical Arcana's, wherein Nature and Art Triumph over Diseases.  
Being a Treatise grounded on the Doctrine of Alkalies; Showing their Original Birth and Nature; also how I feed them with proper Food and Sulphur, to bring them to a full Stature in the Medicinal Monarchy, wherein is showed those various ways, by which they are to be exalted, so as to become Noble Arcana's, through true Volatilization, from whence is obtained the True and Genuine Spirit of Tartar, and Balsam Samech of Van Helmont and Paracelsus, which truly is the Circulatum Minimus of all the Adepts in that they dissolve and open the Texture of Mineral and Metalline bodies, by which the Sulphurs are to be extracted, from whence Specific and Succedanous Medicines are made for the Cure of most Cronick Diseases; as also the Helmontian and Essential Salts, wherein is the Crasis of the Herb in its true Vita Media, with an Exaltation as to its Medicinal use; also the Elixir Samick Proprietatis, & Vinum Vitae Paracelsus, in the Mineral Kingdom: Also the glorified Sulphur of the Metallus Masculus, which are the true and only remedies for either Acute, Chromick, or Hereditary Diseases, that can by Art be prepared, without the great Hileck, or Sal Circulatum Minus.  
P. 2. Trifertes Soladinis, or a Declaration of the Fiery Spirits, and the Clavis Ignis Adeptorum, called Circulatum Minus. Containing a brief Discourse concerning the matter and manner of preparing the Immortal Dissolvent, called by Van Helmont the Liquor Alkahest, by Paracelsus the Great Hileck, or, Sal Circulatus, which is the second Key of the Treatise, whose use is given in the opening of bodies so that they may be reduced to their first Ens: but this Fire or Water remaineth immutable, being the same in Weight and Virtue, after a thousand actions, as at first. Also the right way of its use is delivered for the preparation of Magisteries Arcana's, Panacea's, Quintessences, or other Secret Medicines of the Adepts, whether from the Vegetable, Animal, or Mineral Kingdom. Drawn from the Treasures of Nature, proved and confirmed by Manual and Practical Experience.  
P. 3. Ignis Astralis Adeptorum, Containing a Discourse of the Astrum of Sol and Mercury; being a Discovery of the first matter of Metals; also of the Philosophical Tincture, grounding its Original from the crude, white Salphur unto its Exaltation of Glassy Azoth, by discovering the  furnates and Mineral Fire of Artephius and Pontanus, and the fiery Water of all the Philosophers, the only Agent in the World, that hath the Fermentative. Virtue to unite Coelestials and Centralls, so as to produoe the Sophical Mercury or Mother of Metals; Also the first Ens of Gold is shown with the Conjunction of the two Spermes, Sulphur and Mercury, in order to bring forth the Royal Babe, which is here performed, without Vulgar or Common Gold, etc. Being the Method used by the Ancient and Modern Sophi and Adepts in the Preparation of the great and wonderful Secret, commonly called the Lapis Philosophorum, or rather the Tincture or Seminal Matter of Metals uniting in that Triune Key, that Vnlocks Democrates' Fountain, and gives open Entrance to the Kingly Palace of the Cabalist. To which is added the Virtue of the Stone, as to the Transmutation of Metals; also it's general Use and Application for Curing all deplorable diseases, incident to Humane body: also the right way of its use in multiplying Precious Stones; Lastly is showed the Supernatural Power that this Elixir is endued with.  
P. 4. Mercury's Caduce Rod, or Aquila Hermatica: Containing a clear Discourse of that Fountain of Crystalline Waters, which may be dedicated to the Virgin Goddess Diana; being a Magical Accedy or Everlasting Spring, which floweth to the Paradisical World of the Sophi, wherein the office of Mercury is handled in general; also it's particular Vegitative Power in the Metalline Kingdom, etc. Being a practical Treatise written from the Light of Nature, and Fountain of Experience; In favour of all the curious Inquirers of Art.  
P. 5. The Doctrine of Principles, Containing the Doctrine and Office of the Three First Principles of all things. Being a Discourse concerning the Sperm-seed and Office thereof, in Production, Growth, Vegitation and Multiplication of Minerals, demonstrated on a Sphere and Circle of the Heavens by the Rules of Natural Astronomy.  
P. 6. The Book of Harmony, being a Philosophical Discourse of the Macro and Macrocosmical World; demonstrated from the Harmony of the Spheres.  
Observe, that these Six last Books make up one entire Volume, and will be Printed together if any considerable Subscriptions are made; but if not, they will be Printed apart, etc. All written by W. Y— Worth, Spagirick Physician in both Medicines, and Philosopher by Fire, Hermetical Disciple, and Nature's faithful Ambassador.   

POSTSCRIPT.  
IN this we shall give a short review of what is Written, and lay down the true Method of Exalting any of the Small and Imperfect Liquors to a great degree of perfection, which may be properly called Vinum Fortificatum, because doubled in its strength etc. Now in the next Impression of this Britannean Magazine, we design to add some Excellent Rules concerning the Planting, Raising, and Grafting Appletrees, Pear-Trees, Currant-Trees, etc. and the quickest way for raising Nurseries, which will be contained in our first Chapter; in the Second we shall show the office of Art, in making and exalting of Liquors, principally of Artificial Wines, that being the scope and end of this Book; and in Page 31. we have said that one Receipt cannot be sufficient for all sort of Liquors; for some kind of Fruits being made with Water into Wine, will soon sour and rope, as having not bodies sufficient for their subsistence, and will not yield in Distillation Spirits sufficient for the making of Vinum Fortificatum, or that which some call Cider or Wine Royal; therefore I think it convenient for the full Instruction of those that design to Encourage or Advance these Liquors, to give them these four following Observations, concerning the most exact way of exalting the same.  
First, if you desire to have your Cider, Perry, or Wine durable, the Fruits must be gathered in such a time as no moisture is on them, but that the Sun hath exhaled the fame; For to be sure, if they are gathered in wet weather, they will be Musty; now your Fruits are not to be gathered Green, nor rottenly ripe, but in their turning and fullest richness, etc.  
Secodly, Thou art to observe, that your Fruit being well gathered, and taken from their Stems, they may lie in a Tub three or four Days, by which means, being broken and pressed, 'twill sooner admit of Fermentation: For 'tis observable, especially for Apples and Pears, that they are not so fit for the Press, till they have lain so long on heaps, as to sweat and dry again; for by such a natural Action, their friendly Virtues are the more easily manifested; For we have observed this in making our Vinum ribesium, or Currant Wine, and for every Gallon of Currans, if we add Three Pints of Honey, or Sugar-water, or letting of them lie about 14 or 18 Hours, the Wine will gain abundantly the stronger Body; for a small quantity of Sugar acuates and strengthens the Water, so as to cause it to draw forth the whole Virtues of the Fruits, especially if they be well broken and mixed together, and being pressed out, you may let it refine from its first Settle▪ and then rack it off from those gros● Lees, if you desire to make a Vinum Fortificatum thereof.  
Thirdly, These Wines being made must lie at the least, 8 or 10 Weeks to come up to their full Body and Strength; for 'tis observable that no new Wine will give any more than an aqueous Phlegm in Distillation, until they have fully passed the Fermentation or Working, and begin a little to sour, for than they afford the greatest plenty of Spirit, but I mean, not so sour as to make Vinegar, for then the Spirit is oylified and concentricated, and again, admits of its weakest part first, therefore, I mean such a Sour as manifests the Cessation of Fermentation only.  
Fourthly, Those Syrups or Sweets, that you add to your Wines, are most proper to be made from the cold Distilled Water of the same, in which the Body of the Fruits are macerated, or else from the Juices decocted with Sugar, and well clarified with Whites of Eggs from time to time, until your Syrup becomes exceeding fine and pure, this will (being added to your Liquor) better satisfy hungry Nature, which must always have something to feed upon, as we see by experience in Foreign Wines; For there is no Champaigue, Burgundy, Frontineack, Greek or Florence Wines, but what are in some measure or other upheld by Art.  
You may remember that I said in the Two First Chapters, that the Fumes of burning Sulphur wonderfully preserves Wines; For although you may observe all these aforesaid Observations, yet if you meet with an improper Cask, it may give an ill tang to your Wine: In Holland, the Method we have to prevent this, is thus, They make large Brimstone Matches, and some dip them in Coriander Seeds, and burn them in the empty Cask, just before they put their Wines in, and thus they do so often as they are racked, and so you may do with your Ciders, and Artificial Wines, this being an excellent Expedient to prevent ill Tastes and Fermentation; as also to preserve the Wine.  
☞ There are many other ways in preserving of Liquors, amongst which, my Spiritus Odontugosus is of wonderful efficacy: For 'tis found a rare Preservative against Corruption, recovering dying Beer, Ale, Cider or Wine from their decaying; and a Cure for Beer, when sick and roping; and 'tis not only a preserver for these, but also for Flesh, keeping it so long from corruption, as that there is not any Embalming in the World can go beyond it for the keeping of a Dead Carcase; nor no Salting comes near its efficacy as to Conserving Meat, Fowls or Fish, which by this means are not only kept considerably from corruption, but made a Mummial Balsam, which is itself a preservative to such as shall take thereof, being a rarity very advantageous for such as have bad Digestions, whence Corruptions do proceed, etc.  
The Wine that is preserved, hath also m●ny excellent Virtues, as is aforesaid; as also prevalent in abating the Thirst in Fevers, and taking off of Feverish Symptoms, which we shall desist from here, and come now to the advancing of small Wines, into a Vinum Fortificatum, which may be by the Quintessence of Wine, or my Sal Panaristos, be made Superior to Wine or Cyder-Royal, as some name it, whereof we shall now speak.  
Vinum Fortificatum. ℞ A Barrel or Hogshead of small Wine, Cider, or any other, and put it into a Copper Still, and Distil it as long as any goodness comes, according as we have in Page 63, and in Page the 60th. where we have advised, that the Spirit should run through a Funnel into a Vessel placed under ground, according to the Dutch method; This Spirit having stood 10 or 12 days, may be Distilled a Second time, which is called Rectification; then proceed thus; First draw out so many Beer pints from the full Cask or Hogshead, as there are Gallons contained in it, and fill it up with the Spirit, only adding 5 or 6 pounds of its own Syrup, made, as before touched at, and stir it all together, then stop them down very close, and once in 7 D●●● 〈◊〉 thereabouts give it Air to the Vent, and in 10 Weeks time, or thereabout, 'twill be fit to drink: Observe that this mixture be put into good Wine Vessels, for in Glass 'twill not easily admit of Fermentation, for that is prevented by the Salts from whence the Glass is made, keeping out the spirituality of the Air, which brings the Liquor to drink fragrant and well, by reason of the hidden and internal Fermentation, which gives it its ripeness and maturity; and if you hang in this Liquor two Ounces of fixed Nitre, put up in a Linen Rag into the Bunghole, at the top of the Cask, and let hang down in the Liquor, 'twill soon ripen it, or any other new Wines, and render sour ones drinkable: For this Art of bettering Wines, we are beholding to the worthy and ingenious Glauber; according to what is laid down in his Works, Par. 1. p. 158. as we before quoted in p. the 44th of this Book; for that is the true ground of making Vinum Fortificatum, which said Authors Works was Published, before any Cider Royal was thought on; for 'tis a great error not to render to every Author his due Honour for his Invention, and to assume to ourselves that which really belongs not to us, etc.  
Now by those Ways and Methods, any of the English Liquors, (viz.) Cider, Perry, etc. may be advanced to the full strength of Foreign Wines, and more especially those of Currans and Goosberries, which will give a Wine much like some of those that come from the Canary Islands, and may in all things be as profitable to English Bodies, nay, in some kind, more advantageous, as having affinity to the Climentary Constitutions, as we have said in the Preface.  
Now you are to observe, that if any of these aforesaid Liquors, or Wines, should come upon the Fret, which will destroy it, you must, as they do in Germany, draw it off into other Vessels, and do so once in eight Days, until it hath done spattering, for by this spattering the Lees are taken from it, wherein the gross and fretting Sulphur is contained; You must observe, that whilst it thus frets, your Cask must not be too full, nor close stopped, but after it ceases, you may stop it as close as may be; but if you should fear, that any action still remains, give it Air at the Vent-hole once in 4 or 5 Days for your satisfaction; Observing that my Spiritus Odentugiasus being embodied by Salt-prenelle, and hang it in the Cask, as before directed, will stop the violence of such a Fret, but more especially, my Sal Panaristos.  
Furthermore, if any of these aforesaid Liquors, Wines, or Vinum Fortificatum should become unpleasant and unfit to be drunk, then take a Cask of it, and a Cask of new Liquors or Wines of the same Fruit, before it be quite clear or fine, and mix them together in two other Casks, well sweetened as before directed, and adding a due quantity of Syrup and Spirits, and in two or three months' time, 'twill become excellent and pleasant Liquors, and the more especially if you add thereunto some fixed Niter, Philosophically prepared, as the Author does it.  
Thus much at this time for the way of preparing, advancing, and preserving Liquors, wines, etc. which I shall now leave, and proceed to speak of the remaining Virtues of the Author's noble and unparallelled Spiritus Odontugiasus, or a singular and excellent Spirit for whitening and preserving the Teeth, curing the Scurvy in the Mouth, and preventing the Original cause of the Toothache, taking off the cause of Putrefaction, and so cures a Stinking Breath, etc.  
For if you scour your Teeth therewith 2 or 3 times they will become purely white, like Ivory; the Mouth being washed therewith, it prevents the growing of the Yellow Scales, which usually adhere to the Teeth, diverts Rheums, and takes off the cause of Putrefaction, and so preserves them from a future Corruption; it kills Worms in the Teeth, fastening those that are lose; and if this Spirit was generally used, it would so prevent the pain in the Teeth, that the Tooth-drawer for the Future might expect but little work. 'Tis likewise observed, that it brings good Flesh upon the Gums. 'Tis also excellent against Sore Throats, being Gargled therewith, 'twill abate any Swelling, as Angina's, Struma's; 'tis also prevalent against the Inflammation of the palate of the Mouth, Uuula of the Throat, or Almonds of the Ears, which are then usually said to be fallen. 'Tis also prevalent against the Headache, and to divert Rheums from the Eyes, by washing the Temples therewith; likewise to take away Tetters, Morphew, Itch or Scabs.  
'Tis wonderful also in internal uses, being taken six or eight drops twice a day in the usual drink, or before each Meal, it doth not only cure the Scurvy in the Mouth, but also any Scorbutic humour wheresoever; it sweetens the Breath, prevents Corruption, frees the Body from Rheums, opens Obstructions, cures tickling Coughs and harshness, abates the preternatural heat and thirst in Fevers, beyond many other Remedies; 'tis prevalent in the Strangury, Colic, and Arthritical pains; and by its excellent abstertive quality cleanses the Body from that, which is the beginning of many Diseases, taking off the very bud of Putrefaction both in Young and Old. In fine, I recommend this Spirit to the World from Experience as an excellent interval and external Remedy, demonstrating those Virtues attributed to it, and that it is not to be paralleled by any short of its own Ens.  
Now for a Conclusion of this Postscript, I thought it necessary to advertise all that are desirous to be satisfied in any point herein contained, that the Author will be very ready to lend his aid for that end, with this Proviso, that what Letters are sent by Post may be paid, otherwise I shall not be free to receive them, because the Expense, that hath been of late, hath been so great about Nice Queries, which if continued would sink a considerable Sum of Money, to the Author's great Detriment; but from such that I teach any part of the Chemical or Spagirical Art, whether according to the Schrodarian, Cartesian or Helmontian way, may be free, as being a real concern, wherein I am paid for my trouble, Time, or Expense, etc.   

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