THE HISTORY Of the late English Rebellion, Deduced from its first Flame in 1640. And continued to the Quenching thereof by His Majesty's happy Restauration, 1660. BY W. Y.  
To which is Added Fundamentum Patriae: OR, England's Settlement Being A View of the State Affairs in this Kingdom, Since His Majesty's Restauration, to the year, 1665  
London, Printed for Tho. Rooks at the Lamb and Ink-bottle, at the East-end of S. Paul's; who makes and sells the best Ink for Records, 1665.   

AN ADVERTISEMENT TO THE Reader.  
THis brief Relation was composed Chief out of the Authors own observation of the transactions in these late sad times. Many things are purposely omitted (especially in the former part) for brevity sake, which otherwise might have been inserted. For his intentions at first, were to leave it in the Register book of his Parish (in which he first began it) for the use of his successors; but it growing too big for that design, he drew the rest down in papers to the coming in of General Monck, and the happy Restitution of King Charles the Second to his Throne. He hath endeavoured herein to set down nothing but truth; and hopeth he hath not much failed therein: However, if any errors or mistakes be, they are not wilful, and (possibly) not much material. His purpose only is to set forth the stupendious mercy of God in raising up a temporary Saviour (such a one he accounts General Monck to be) for the deliverance of this sinful Nation, from an oppression or slavery as bad as Egyptian; and from a confusion not lesle than Babylonish. If God may have the glory, by an humble acknowledgement and real thanks to be given him by the people of these Kingdoms, it is all the Author expects or desires.   

A Brief View of the late troubles and confusions in England, begun and occasioned by a prevailing faction in the Long Parliament.  
ANNO 1640. Novem. 3. began the Parliament, 
1640.  called the Long Parliament, (we may truly term it the Black, or the Bloody Parliament) that involved the three Nations in blood, and destroyed the King, the Parliament itself, and three Kingdoms.  
The King in the beginning of this Parliament, had for the security of the Subjects in their Persons, Liberties, and Estates, passed many and several Acts of grace, (to the no small diminution of his Royal Prerogative) more than all his Predecessors Kings of England, from the Conquest downward, had ever done; and all this to remove from them all jealousies and fears.  
After this in May, 
1641.  1641. he gives way at the great and pressing importunity of the House of Commons, to the Condemnation and Execution of the Earl of Strafford, a loyal Subject, and a most able and accomplished counsellor, as any Prince in Christendom ever had. The King was very hardly moved to yield either to his attaindor or execution, as not being satisfied in conscience, of any guilt or crime in him, deserving such punishment; but yield at length he did (though with much reluctancy) to satisfy the importunity or the people, and indeed at the request of the Earl himself; who desired Jonah-like, to be cast overboard, thereby to appease the violent rage of a tempestuous people. The truth is, this Nobleman, as also the Archbishop of Canterbury (afterwards Anno 1644.) were merely sacrificed to the malice and revenge of the Scots.  
In August following, the King goes into Scotland, to compose differences there, between himself and his Subjects of that Kingdom: which done, he returns again to London, and is there received with exceeding joy and triumph of the people, in or about the beginning of December.  
The House of Commons to welcome his Majesty home, instead of giving him thanks for the many gracious Acts he had lately passed, they present him with a Remonstrance, Dec. 15. laying open all the miscarriages and misfortunes of his whole Government, from the beginning of his Reign, even to that present; and this they publish, contrary to his express desire, to the whole Kingdom; whereby they gave occasion to the people, to conceive jealousies and suspicions of a malignant party about the King, still carrying on their own designs, both against Religion, and the Laws of the Land.  
After the publishing of this Remonstrance, fears and jealousies increase among the people; the vulgar rabble in and about London, frequently flock down to Westminster, with Petitions and clamours, against the Bishops and Popish Lords, and disaffected Members (as they termed them) in the House of Commons, and no redress could be had against them, though the House of Lords and the King himself had moved the House of Commons to declare against them. The truth is, they were favoured and countenanced under hand, by some Members of that House.  
The King to avoid the danger of these tumults, withdraws from Whitehall to Windsor; from thence afterwards to Newmarket, and so by Cambridge into the Northern parts; and thence to York.  
The Parliament soon after his removal from Whitehall, petition Him, at Newmarket, and elsewhere, for the Militia, to have it put into such hands as the two Houses shall think fit; but he denies them: telling them that the Law hath settled it in Him; that to divest Himself of the power of the Sword, is to bereave Himself of power to protect his people, and support the Laws. This Petition was much insisted on by the Parliament under pretence of fears and jealousies; but the King absolutely and peremptorily denies it.  
The King by several journeys comes to York, in the beginning of the year 1642, and there he settles His Court. Soon after his coming ●●to those parts, he was denied entrance into Hull by Sir John Hotham, when he offered to go into the Town but with twenty persons attending Him; The King thereupon fearing, jest the same armed force that kept Him out of Hull, might surprise His Person at York, he entertains a guard of the Gentry of that County. This by the house of Commons is Voted a levying of War against the Parliament, though they themselves had long before, three times as many of the Trainedbands of the City, to guard the houses daily.  
Many Petitions, Answers, and Declarations, passed between the King and Parliament, during his Majesty's being at York, wherein it is evident to all understanding men, that the King had the better cause, and was more able to maintain it by the pen, and by reasons and arguments, than the Parliament was; for the truth is, his Declarations, and Answers to their Messages, Petitions, and Propositions were unanswerable.  
But words and writings not being sufficient to compose these differences, they proceed from words to blows: About July, they Vote that the King is seduced by evil and Malignant Counsellors, and thereupon they Vote an Army to be raised under the Command of Robert Earl of Essex; the pretence is for King and Parliament, against these Malignant Counsellors; but they accuse or name none in particular.  
The same year, Aug. 24. the King sets up his Standard at Nottingham, commanding all men who were bound to assist him by virtue of their Tenors, to repair unto him. 
●643  But at Nottingham there being no great appearance (though Essex his Army was at that time listed, and form ready to march) his Majesty marches with those few Forces he had to Leicester, Worcester, Shrewsbury, and so upon the borders of Wales, gathering an Army; Essex all this time marching after him, and pursuing him.  
After some little conflict at Worcester, wherein the King's Forces under the conduct of Prince Rupert, & Maurice had the better, the two Armies meet at Edge-hill near Keynton in Warwickshire, where the first Signal Battel was fought between them, with great loss and slaughter on either side: The King's standard being taken, yet recovered again; his General the Earl of Lindsey slain; but the King had the better, keeping the field all night; and Essex Retreating with his broken Forces to Warwick-Castle, and from thence soon after with a few horses to London: This Battle was fought on Sunday Octob. 23. and the Guns were heard all that afternoon to Thetford in Norfolk.  
The King presently after enters Oxford, and fortifies it, and marches to Reading and Windsor, and so towards London; The Citizens arming and sending forth all the power they could make against him. At Branford he encountered them about Novem. 12. and beaten the party that opposed; but fearing lest he should be surrounded with their numerous Army of Citizens, he Retreated back to Windsor, and. Fortifying Reading, he marches back to Oxford; but about the latter end of the year Reading is besieged by the Parliaments Forces, and the Governor Sir Arthur Ashton being unhappily wounded with a brick falling from a Chimney beaten down by a Canon-shot, the Garrison is yielded upon composition by Colonel Fielding.  
Anno 1643. The King's Forces prevail in the West, 
1643  under the Command of Sir Ralph Hopton, Sir Richard Grenvile and others, beating out the Earl of Stamford who commanded there for the Parliament. The Earl of Newcastle for the King grows very strong in the North, beats the Lord Fairfax in several Encounters, and takes in all places of strength, except Hull, into which the Lord Fairfax had fled. The Queen lands at Bridlington with arms and ammunition out of Holland; she marches by Nottingham, and so to Oxford: The King the mean time takes Bristol; thence he removes & summons Gloucester, which refusing to yield, he sets down before it. The terror of Newcastles Army affrights Norfolk, and the Associated Counties, in so much as many of the Parliament side are preparing to fly beyond sea for their security. But the King setting down before Gloucester, and Newcastle before Hull, wasted their Armies, and trifled away their time; whereas had they joined and marched directly up to London, all had lain prostrate at their feet. The King lay so long before Gloucester, that Essex had raised a great Army for the relief thereof, which Army appoaching, the King arose and marched of; Essex relieves the City, and pursues him; they encounter at Newbury, where the King was worsted, and lost many gallant men. Newcastle in the mean time lay before Hull, till the Earl of Manchester, besieges and taketh Lyn in Norfolk, until Lincoln and many other places were reduced to the Parliament, with much loss to the King's party.  
The same year the Parliament treats with the Scots for their assistance against the King, and the better to engage them, they impose the Covenant (framed in Scotland) upon the whole Nation, for putting down of Bishops, changing the whole Frame of Church Government in England, and Ireland with Doctrine, Discipline, and worship to that or Scotland; the Scots accordingly come in with an Army of 20000. or thereabouts, in winter they besiege Newcastle upon Tyne, and at length take it. Mean time the Forces of the Association besiege Newark upon Trent a Garrison of the Kings, and much straiten it; Sir John Meldrum, Sir Miles Hobart, and Sir John Palgrave commanding the forces against it. But in their march, towards the latter end of the year, when they every day expected the surrendering of the Town, Prince Rupert comes suddenly upon them with a party of Horse (his body of foot being three or four miles behind) assaults and surprises the Besiegers, disarms them all, and so relieves the Town. Many of the Soldiers, and some Commanders were plundered and stripped, contrary to Articles, for which the King's party were afterwards served in the like kind.  
Anno 1644. The Earl of Essex, 
1644.  and Sir William Waller were sent forth with two Armies, to pursue and take the King. The King fortifies Oxford, and lodging the rest of his Artillery in Dennington Castle, with a light Army he takes the field; Essex goes towards the West than mostly in the King's possession; Waller understanding which way the King was marched, pursued him. At Cropdie Bridge in Oxfordshire, a place of advantage, he sets upon the King's Forces, but is himself beaten and routed; this was about the latter end of June.  
Waller being thus defeated, the King follows Essex into the West, drives him by degrees as far as Lestithrell in Cornwell, and there coops him up. Essex takes the Sea in a Boat, and leaves this Army to capitulate for themselves. The Horse under the Command of Sir William Balfore, break through the King's Quarters, and get away; the Foot commanded by Skippon capitulate for their lives, leaving their Arms, Ordnance, and Ammunition upon the place, Septemb. 4. and taking an Oath not to serve any more against the King, which nevertheless many of them presently after broke. The King after this hard service, marches back with his Army leisurely, and at Newbury, is assaulted by the broken Troops of Essex his Army, assisted by Manchester and Cromwell, commanding the Forces of the Association. A sore fight there was in the night, with much loss to both parties: The King gains the Town, and the next day, or the day after, takes his Ordnance, and Ammunition from Dennington Castle in the sight of the Enemy, without opposition, and so marches with them to Oxford. This Summer's service lost the credit of Essex, Manchester, and Waller, they were never employed after.  
But in the mean time, while Essex and Waller were thus employed against the King, the Scots with the assistance of the Associated Counties, and other of the Parliaments Forces, had so far prevailed against the Earl of Newcastle and his Army, as they had besieged him in York for many months: Prince Rupert with a great Army out of Lancashire and the parts adjacent, to his relief: Upon the Prince his approach, the Besiegers rise in disorder, and are ready to break and run. The Prince thought it not enough to relieve the City, but would also beaten the besiegers, and setting upon them, July 14. they Rally and beaten him; a great slaughter there was, not less than seven thousand slain of both parts, but most (they say) of the Prince's party. The Earl of Newcastle, in discontent at the Prince his rashness, quits the place and all his Command, and with some others of note, leaves the Kingdom. York soon after is again besieged, and Sir Thomas Glenham undertakes the defence of the place, but at length was forced to yield upon honourable terms.  
Anno 1645. 
1645.  The beginning of the year the Parliament new moulds their Army. By a selfdenying Ordinance (as they termed it) they cast out Essex, Manchester, and Waller, and all others that were Parliament Members, both Lords and Commons, only Oliver Cromwell one of the Burgesses for Cambridge is dispensed with. Sir Thomas Fairfax is made Captain General, Cromwell his Lieutenant General; Skippon also hath a great command amongst them, and many of Cromwel's kindred and Relations have great employment and commands in this new modelled Army, most of Essex his Officers being laid aside.  
In May the King marches out of Oxford with a very good Army, and taketh. Leicester by assault, about the latter end of the month, having than also a very considerable Army in the West, about 15000. (as was reported) under the command of Goring, who at that time besieged Taunton.  
After the taking of Leicester, the King was requested by Sir Marmaduke Langdale, and the Northern Gentlemen to march Northward for the Relief of Pomfret Castle than straitened by the enemy: But receiving intelligence that Fairfax intended to besiege Oxford, he marches against him, hoping if he could defeat their new modelled Army, all other places and forces would easily be reduced. At Naseby in Northamptonshire the two Armies meet on Saturday, June 14. where at the first encounter the King had much the better, his Right Wing of horsemen Defeating and Routing the Left Wing of the Parliaments Army, wounding Skippon, and taking Ireton (Cromwel's son in law) prisoner. But the Left Wing of the King's Army, consisting most of Northern Horsemen (and they discontented) at the first Encounter were broken, turned head and ran; the King did what possibly could be, riding up and down the field to stay their flight, and Rally them, but all would not do; and the Right Wing of Horse were so fare engaged in the pursuit, as they could not timely and orderly Retreat to secure the Foot. The Horse being thus routed and defeated, the Foot were not able to stand; but after some little resistance and slaughter, yielded themselves prisoners, four or five thousand of them. The King's Coach, and in it his Cabinet, with Letters and Papers taken; all Arms, Artillery, Bag and Baggage lost; the King himself hardly escaping to Leicester, and from thence that night to Ashby de la Zouch.  
This was the fatal battle of Naseby: for after this, the King's affairs never prospered, but Town after Town was taken, and in all encounters the King's party was worsted, all the West parts by degrees taken in that Summer, and the Queen and Prince forced to fly beyond sea.  
Anno 1646. Oxford the King's chiefest Garrison was besieged, 
1646.  and much straitened. About Ascention time, the King in a disguise got out of the City, came as far as Downham in Norfolk, and from thence went to the Scots Camp, lying ●n siege before Newark, and to them his native Subjects he yields himself, hoping by their means to make some better terms with the Parliament. They used him civilly and respectively, gave notice to the Parliament of his yielding himself to them (having made use of his Authority for the present surrendering of of Newark) and from thence carried him to N●wcastle, a Garrison than in their possession, where he remained all that year, and from thence gave Order to several other Garrisons, as yet holding out for him, to surrender to the Parliaments Forces upon honourable terms.  
At Newcastle he remained all that summer, and afterwards upon Treaty between the Parliament and Scots Commissioners, the Parliament paying them 200000. l. in hand, and securing as much more to be paid. And promising (as the Scots affirm) to treat the King honourably, and not to do any violence to his Person; they deliver the King up to the Parliament, and quitting Newcastle, and the rest of the Garrisons they held in England, they departed with their Army into Scotland.  
The King from Newcastle was removed to Holdenby, 
1647.  a house of his own in Northamptonshire; there he is kept an honourable Prisoner, attended by some Commissioners of Parliament, and a slender Guard of soldiers; none of his own servants are permitted to wait upon him, nor any of his Chaplains or Ministers of his Opinion, though he earnestly desired it in a Message to the Parliament; but they force upon him Presbyterian Ministers, of the Parliaments Opinion and appointment: These would not suffer him to celebrated the Feast of Easter, as being against their Directory of late established.  
This summer the Wars being finished, all Garrisons surrendered, and the King's Forces utterly subdued, and forced to compound for their estates, taking an Oath never to bear Arms against the Parliament, they take a resolution to disband the Army, sending some part of it into Ireland, against the Papists still in Arms there, and only to keep 5000 Horse and Foot in England, to preserve the peace of the Kingdom, against any rise that might hap.  
The soldiers fearing the Wars would cease, and their trade decay, began to Mutiny; first they pick quarrels against the Parliament, and at once impeach eleven of the Members of the House of Commons, all rigid Presbyterians, as enemies to the Army, and desire they may be secluded the House: They Act now, not as Sovidiers, but as Commonors and Freemen of the Nation, pretending to stand for the Native Rights and Liberties of the people. And to carry on their designs the better, the common Soldiers, who began the work, choose their Agitators, (as they termed them) two or more out of every Regiment, to represent their grievances to the General and chief Officers of the Army: And in conclusion they peremptorily refuse to disband, or to sand or go any of them into Ireland, till all their grievances were redressed, and their desires satisfied: But all this (ye must know) was underhand countenanced (if not contrived) by Cromwell and some principal Officers of his Faction.  
And because the Parliament had made themselves sufficiently odious, by keeping the King under so strict guards, denying him the attendance of his Chaplains, and the use of the Common prayer book, and tendering such harsh Propositions to him, both in relation to himself and his party, that had already suffered so much for his sake; The Soldiers to ingratiate themselves to the people, pretended much for the King, and for his restitution to his Throne and Government, upon fairer terms by much than the Parliament would afford him. And suddenly by a party Commanded by one Cornet Joyce, they seize upon the King at Holdenby, June 4. in the night, and bring him into the Army's quarters, than about Newmarket or Cambridge. The General would not suffer him to pass through Cambridge, jest the Scholars, more than ordinarily addicted to him, should make any disturbance, but brought him a more private way to his own house at Newmarket. There he rested somewhile, and the Gentry and people of all sorts equitable dealing (as supposing their cases had been ours) and a spirit of common love and justice, diffusing itself to the good and preservation of all, will make up the most glorious conquest over their hearts (if God in mercy see it good) to make them and the whole people of the Land lasting friends. These are their very words in that Declaration; and I have noted them the rather, to see how quite contrary to these specious professions, their after-Actings within a short while, were.  
The Army removes to several quarters, and the King along with them. They treat him honourably, in respect of what the Parliament had done: they allow him the attendance of his Chaplains, and the use of the Common Prayer, denied him by the Parliament; some Noblemen and Gentlemen of his party, are permitted to come to him. The General obtains of the Parliament, that he may see his children, than under the custody from several parts, had access to him, and many came and were cured of the King's Evil by him. The Soldiers were highly magnified by the people, for their civility and specious pretences to the King.  
From Newmarket the Army removed to Saint Alban, and the King with them, his Majesty being lodged at Hatfield house, there they pretended great matters for him, and Cromwell (especially) in private gave him great hopes of his Restitution. From thence June 23. they publish a Remonstrance of their good intentions towards the Kingdom, and to the King especially: Amongst other passages in that Declaration, this is one, They profess they do not see how there can be any peace to the Kingdom firm and lasting, without a due consideration of, and provision for the rights, quiet, and immunity of his Majesty's Royal Family, and his late partakers: and herein (say they) we think, that tender and of the Earl of Northumberland, upo● promise of the General, that they shall return again. Proposals are made to him by the Army, far more moderate than the Propositions lately tendered to him at Newcastle. All things are carried by the Army, as if they really meant his Restitution, upon very reasonable terms. And most certain i● is, that Cromwell gave his Majesty very faithful promises of restoring him upon more moderate terms than either the Parliament or Army proposed.  
But ye must know, while these things were in agitation, about the later end of July, there fell a great difference between the Parliament and Army, insomuch as the Army were jealous that the Parliament and City would have brought the King to London, upon his own terms. The occasion was thus:  
The Militia of the City of London, had been settled by an Ordinance o● May 4. 1647. in the hands of such of the City, as the Lord Mayor, aldermans, and Common Council, had nominated and approved: The Army about the 20 of July, require of the Parliament, that Ordinance may be repealed, and the Militia of the City settled in other hands, such as the Army might confided in; and accordingly in a thin house, the Militia was changed, without any Objections against the persons formerly entrusted, or acquainting the Mayor or Common Council with it, to hear what they could allege in their own behalf. The City startled at this sudden and unexpect change of their Militia, calling a Common Council, they resolve to petition the Parliament for restoring their Militia, as formerly settled, in a full house, and accordingly July 26. the Sheriffs, and some Common Council men, present their Petition; which Petition the same day within a few hours after, was seconded by another of the Apprentices, to the same effect, and wherein they claimed that the ordering of the City's Militia, was the Birthright of the City, belonging to them by several Charters confirmed by Parliament, and about one thousand Apprentices, (yet without any arms) came down with this Petition.  
The House of Lords upon presenting these Petitions, were pleased to grant their desires, revoking the Ordinance of the 23 of July, and reviving that of the fourth of May. The debate stuck longer in the House of Commons, but about three of the clock in the Afternoon, they passed it; The Apprentices staying in and about Westminster-hall and the Parliament door, till the Vote was passed; and than all or the most part withdrew and went to their homes.  
The Apprentices being departed, some disorderly persons instigated thereunto (as was probably thought) by divers Sectaries and Adherents to the Army, to make the business more odious, and to give the Army occasion to quarrel with the City, flocked again to the Parliament door; and the Speaker having adjourned the House, the chair, and there kept both him they compelled him again to return to the Members in the House, till they had passed a Vote, that the King should come to London to treat.  
The Mayor and Common Council still assembled, hearing of this disorder, sent down the Sheriffs immediately with such strength as they could for the present get, and pacified the tumult, sending the Speaker safe to his house; and published Edicts to prevent the like. This tumult happened July 26. being Monday.  
The House met again next day, being Tuesday, sat again, and Acted quietly; and because the Fast was the next day after, they adjourned the House till the Friday following, the Lords having formerly adjourned to that day.  
On the Thursday following, the day before they were to meet upon the adjournment, the Speaker with about forty of the Members, secretly withdrew to the Army than at Windsor, complaining of an horrid force put upon the House. The rest of the Members, at lest 140, meeting on the Friday morning according to adjournment, finding neither Speaker, nor Mace, and understanding upon inquiry, whither he was gone, they chose a New Speaker, and get another Mace, and set again; and the like did the Lords, whose Speaker also was fled upon the same account: both (as it was conceived) either inveigled, or threatened by the Army, that they might have the better pretence of quarrel against the City and Parliament. I have related this passage the more particularly, that it may be compared with the force afterwards put upon the Parliament, by the Army themselves, upon the King Trial.  
These things thus passed at London between the Parliament and City, highly incensed the Army, who now take upon them, to be Supreme Umpires over the Nation; they entertain and countenance the fugitive Speakers and Members, and they and the Council of the Army, set together in consultation, engaging to support one another in this quarrel against the members (as they termed them) at Westminister, and the City.  
Mean time the Parliament call in the eleven impeached Members, secluded hitherto upon the Army's accusation; they revive the Committee of Safety, they give power to the City by several Orders and Ordinances, to list and raise Forces to appoint Officers and Commanders, to issue out Arms and Ammunition, for the defence of the Parliament and City, against all that should invade them. Mass●y, Pointze, Birch, and other reformadoes that had formerly done great service for the Parliament when Essex was General, are now employed as chief Commanders for the City. The Army on the contrary drawing together all their Forces, and endeavouring to raise the Trained bands in the adjacent Counties, prepare and intent to invade and subdue that Rebellious City.  
The City thus prepared for defence, were nevertheless, for preventing the effusion of blood, willing to have accorded with the Army upon any reasonable terms; and to that purpose sent several messages to the Army; but all would not do, no terms of reconciliation or peace would be granted, unless they would submit themselves, and the Parliament, wholly to the power of the Army; which upon the point they did; for in conclusion they agreed and yield, To desert both Houses of Parliament and the impeached Members: To recall their Declaration lately published, Relinquish their Militia, deliver up all their Forts and line of Communication to the Army, as also the Tower of London, with all Arms and Ammunition therein; to disband all their Forces, and turn all their newmade Commanders and Reformadoes out of the line, to demolish all their works, and to suffer the Army to march without opposition through the City.  
These imperious conditions of the Army, were calmly submitted to by the tame-spirited Citizens: And thereupon, the Army brings in the fugitive Speakers and Members, and seat them again in their authority; Fairfax receives the solemn thanks of the House, the common soldiers two months pay for their good service and valour, and a day of Thanksgiving is appointed, to be solemnly kept for this great deliverance: and Fairfax made General of all Forces, both in England and Wales, and Constable of the Tower of London: All this was done, Aug. 6. 1647.  
Soon after the General, Lieutenant General, and the whole Army, with their train of Artillery, march in triumph through the City of London; And from that day forward, both City, Parliament, and whole Kingdom, are subject to the Army.  
Not long after the restitution of these fugitive Members, all Votes, Orders, and Ordinances of Parliament, made in their absence, are declared null and voided: The eleven impeached Members of the House of Commons, have leave granted them to go beyond Sea, and they must think they are favourably dealt with: Seven Lords that sat in the upper House, in the absence of the fugitive Members, viz. The Earls of Suffolk, Lincoln, and Midlesex; the Lords Berkly, Willoughby, Hunsdon, and Maynard, are impeached of high Treason, and committed to the black Rod, for levying of War against the King, Parliament, and Kingdom. The Lord Mayor, aldermans, and divers Citizens, are likewise impeached of the same crime, and committed to the Tower; divers members also of the Commons House, are under accusation and examination, as countenancers and abettors of the late tumult. But all these impeachments and accusations, in time vanished, and came to nothing; only the Army Faction was by this means strengthened and encouraged, and the other party as much quelled and discouraged; so that thenceforward all Votes propounded, were passed or not, according to the temper and disposition of the Army. The Parliament became wholly subservient to the Armies designs, as will plainly appear in the ensuing Story.  
Meantime the King continues still under the power of the Army, removeth and passes from place to place as they remove their Quarters: But now having made the Parliament wholly for their turn, he is removed nearer London, to Hampton Court: there he had much freedom, and abundance of people continually resorted to him. At Hampton Court he receives Propositions from the Parliament, Septem. 7. the same in effect that were tendered to him at Newcastle, in July the year before. The King in answer, desires that the Parliament would take into consideration the Proposals of the Army, of August 1. 1647. as more moderate, and more conducing to satisfy all interests in the Nation.  
Things thus standing, and the King remaining still at Hampton Court, a Faction of Seditious people called Levellers, sprung up in the City and Army; some of the chiefest whereof were Lilburn, Overton, Wyldman, and others, people of a turbulent and heady temper. These frame a writing, called the Agreement of the people, tending to the alteration of the whole frame of Government of the Nation. They style the House of Commons in their Petitions, the Supreme power of the Nation; they bitterly declaim and rail against the House of Lords in several Pamphlets. These at first receive some check from the House of Commons; and one of them (a soldier) is by the Council of War, condemned and shot to death at Ware: but yet they increase more and more, and grow more in●o●●nt every day, being (as is w●● probably thought) countenan●●● underhand by some in the Parliament, and by some great Officers in the Army, to promo●● their own ambitio●s ●e●●gns. At length about Novemb. 9 or 10. Cromwell sends word to the King by Colonel Whaley who had the Guard or him, that those kind of people were grown very numerous in the Army, that he feared they had some malicious design against his Majesty's person, and he doubted it would not be in the power of the Officers of the Army to protect him, and therefore advised him, by timely withdrawing himself in private, to provide for his own security; A Letter of Advertisement also from an unknown person in London to the same purpose, was sent and delivered to his Majesty, intimating his danger, and wishing his Majesty were at his or any Loyal Subjects House in London: Whereupon the next day in the Evening, Novemb. 11. his Majesty with a Servant or two only, conveyed himself secretly from Hampton Court, into the Isle of Wight.  
In that Island commanded one Colonel Hamond, as Governor there for the Parliament; a kinsman he was of Dr. Hamonds, that famous Divine, and (I think) the King's Chaplain; insomuch as the King might expect some more than ordinary civility from him. Hamond presently gives notice to the Parliament of his Majesty's coming thither, and upon order from the Parliament, takes him into custody at Curesbrook Castle.  
The King also upon his departure from Hampton Court, had left upon the Table a Letter or Message to the two Houses of Parliament, signifying the cause of his withdrawing himself, and also his readiness to concur with them in all things just and reasonable, for the settling of a safe and well-grounded Peace. And had further soon after his arrival in the Isle of Wight sent another Message or Declaration to them, wherein he offers, First, Concerning Religion to establish the Presbyterian Government for three years, and than afterwards to establish Church-Government in such a manner as shall be concluded upon by the assembly of Divines, with the addition of twenty Divines to be nominated by his Majesty. Secondly, For the Militia he offers a them wholly by Land and Sea, during his whole Reign, so as after that, it ma● return entirely to the Crown. Thirdly, For the arrears of the Army, he will undertake, if he may have the benefit of Sequestrations from March last, and compositions to be made before the conclusion of the Peace, and the Assistance of the Clergy, and the arrears of the Rents of his own revenue, that were yet behind; to pay 400 thousand pound within eighteen months; and if that will not do, than to make sale of forest Lands for raising the rest. Fourthly, He gives them power to dispose of the great Offices ●f State, as also to nominate and appoint his Privy Counselors during his reign. Fifthly, For the Court of Wards, if it cannot be regulated without being a grievance to his Subjects, he is willing to abolish it, for a valuable compensation. Sixthly, He offers to recall and null all Proclamations and Declarations against the Parliament, and all Indictments against any person for adhering to them, or acting by their authority; and to pass an Act of general pardon and Oblivion to all his Subjects whatsoever.  
Those and some other things he offers by that Message of Novemb. 17. and for all other things, he desires they may be debated and composed in a personal Treaty, between himself and the two Houses of Parliament at London: Which personal Treaty the Scots Commissioners soon after desired to be assented to, and held forth his Majesty's offers to be very just and reasonable.  
But to this Message of his Majesty the two Houses return answer, by sending him four Bills to sign and confirm under the great Seal of England. 1. To settle the Militia by sea and land, both in England and Ireland, in the two Houses of Parliament for ever; with power to raise what Forces they please; as also what moneys they thought good, upon the Subjects, for support thereof, thereby divesting the Court wholly of the power of the Militia. 2. To justify the proceed of the Parliament in the late War, and to make voided all Oaths, Declarations, Proclamations, and other proceed against the Parliament. 3. Against all Peers lately made or to be made without consent of both Houses of Parliament. 4. For the adjournment of the Parliament from place to place, as the two houses should think fit. These Bills being assented to, and confirmed by his Majesty, they will yield to treat with him concerning the rest of the propositions i● the Isle of Wight. Which propositions I must further tell you, were such as the Scotch Commissioners declared their dissent upon them, before they were sent.  
The King apprehending these four Bills especially in the way they were penned, not only destructive to Monarchy, but to the people's liberty, refuses to confirm them; yet in a message or writing to the Houses, gave his reasons against them.  
Whereupon the House of Commons presently Vote to make not more addresses to him, but to settle the Kingdom without him: and further by the same Vote, they make it high Treason, for any person whatsoever, to sand any Message or Letter to him, or to receive any from him, without consent of both Houses of Parliament. This was about the beginning of January.  
The House of Lords would not be drawn suddenly to pass these Votes; divers argued strongly against them; and the House was equally divided about the question; but within three or four days after, the Army sending solemn thanks to the House of Commons for their passing these Votes, and drawing down some of their Forces to garrison Whi●e●all and the Mews, it turned the Scale in the House of Lords, and they also passed those Votes.  
Soon after the passing of these votes of Non-address, discontents grew high in all parts of the Kingdom; And the common people especially in the parts about London, were wonderfully oppressed, and even eaten up with Freequarter. The Commissioners of Scotland withdrew and went home, and with the assistance of Duke Hamilton, formerly imprisoned by the King, and lately set free by the Parliament, called a Parliament in Scotland, wherein they resolve (Maugre the Kirk) to raise an Army for the delivery of the King.  
The beginning of this year 1648, 
1648.  was full of discontents. The Welshmen were the first that appear in Arms under the Command of Poyer Ponel, and Laugherne, formerly for the Parliament, holding out Pembroak Castle against the Parliament, and defeating a party of 2500 that were sent against them. The Lord Inchequen, that was Precedent of Munster in Ireland, declares against the Parliament, and joins with the Marquis of Ormond for the King's interest; for which the Parliament imprison his son, a child of eight or nine years of age, that was Boarded and went to School at Thistleworth near London. Petitions came from many Counties of England, and from the City of London, requiring a Revocation of those Votes for Non-address, and desiring a Personal Treaty with the King, and his future settlement.  
These Petitions being slighted, and many Surrey Gentlemen wounded by the Soldiers, at the Parliament door, and in Westminster-hall, and some slain outright for presenting their Petition, the Kingdom grew into a general flame. Tumults arose in many places, as at Norwich, April 24. where the Committeehouse was by accident blown up, that part of the City exceedingly shattered, and above 100 people slain. At Bury in Suffolk, where the Town was held out some days by the meaner sort of people, against the Troopers. In Huntingtonshire, Bedfordshire, and other places, so that the Troopers were posted from place to place to subdue tumults; and as fast as they subdued them in one place, they broke out in another.  
The Kentishmen rise up in arms, to the number of ten thousand, and possess themselves of some strong Castles; They in Essex also, under the command of Sir Charles Lucas and others, second them, and seize upon the Committee for the County at Chelmesford. Pomfret Castle is taken by stratagem, and a great party of the Kings possess it, and command the whole Country round about. Many (if not most part) of the Navy revolt, and setting Raynsborough their late made Admiral on shore in a Cockboat, they go to the Prince; with whom also joined the Lord Willoughby of Parham and others, so as the Prince had a matter of thirty or forty ships, one and other under his command at Sea. The Scots under D. hamilton, invade the North, by the way of Carlisle, with an Army of fifteen thousand, besides a party of English (about 3000) under the command of Sir Marmaduke Langdale.  
All this time the Parliament are consulting about Propositions to be sent to the King, as also of the place and manner of a personal treaty with him, which was desired by the Londoners and most of the Kingdom to be had at London. Thus the time was spun on, and the Summer well-nigh spent, before they could agreed upon terms for a personal treaty; and at length it was resolved to be in the Isle of Wight.  
In the mean time, while the Parliament thus defer the Treaty, Cromwell is first sent into Wales, to subdue them; where he found work enough for most part of the Summer: Fairfax is sent against the Kentishmen, where though he were worsted at Rochester Bridge, and lost many men, yet at Maidston he had the better, got the Town, and dispersed them. Presently after five thousand of the Kentishmen, under the command of the Lord Goring Earl of Norwich, being denied passage through London, transport themselves over the Thames, and so into Essex, where after some skirmish about Bowbridge, with some of the Parliament Forces, they march to Rumford, and so to Chelmesford, and join with the Essexmen at that time there Rendezvouzed. Fairfax pursues them with all expedition; they march to Colchester, but were scarce set down in the Town, before Fairfax with his Army was at their heels. A sore fight there was in the Suburbs, June 13. the next day after their coming into the Town, a thousand men and more slain upon the place, most of them of Fairfax his party. Had they of Colchester pursued that day's victory, it is probably thought, they might easily have destroyed Fairfax his Army. The King's Party fortify the Town, hoping the Gentry of Suffolk and Norfolk will come in to their assistance: Fairfax on the contrary, by degrees begirts the Town, forcing all the Country thereabout both Essex and Suffolk to assist him against it.  
During the siege of Colchester, the Duke of Buckingham with Lord Francis his brother, the Earl of Holland, and the Earl of Peterborough, appear in Arms with five or six hundred Horse at Bamsted Down in Surrey or thereabouts; where they would soon have increased, had they not been suddenly surprised by a party of the Army out of London; the Lord Francis was slain, and the rest scattered; Buckingham escaped, but Holland was soon after taken at St. Neots in Huntingtonshire, cowardly yielding himself without resistance.  
The Scots mean time lingered and came on slowly, insomuch as Cromwell having subdued them in Wales, he marches immediately from thence into Lancashire, and at Wiggon and Preston defeats them, taking Duke Hamilton prisoner, basely yielding himself in his Chamber, Aug. 18, 19 From thence he pursues his victory into Scotland, even to the City of Edinburgh, where he is highly applauded and magnified by Argile and the Churchmen, who were always against this engagement of Hamilton.  
Colchester after this, pressed with a long siege, and pinched with hunger, at last yields to Fairfax upon very hard terms, Aug. 28. where the very same day that they entered the Town, they caused Sir Charles Lucas and Sir George Lisle (too gallant men as ever England bred) to be shot to death in the Castle Yard: All the rest of the Nobility and Gentlemen of quality, were carried away Prisoners.  
The Treaty with the King is at length begun: a fixed number of days are at first appointed; that expired, a fortnight more is added, so that upon the finishing of the treaty, a little before all was concluded, Cromwell returns with his victorious Army out of Scotland. The Army fearing the Parliament would agreed with the King, and re-establish him in his Throne (though the conditions were extreme hard on his side) they first publish that shameless vile Remonstrance at Saint Alban, Novemb. 16. 1648. wherein they declare their resolutions to question the King for his life, as the Capital Enemy, or grand Delinquent, to bring him to trial. They prefix a time for the appearing of the Prince now beyond Sea, to answer for his crimes; and in case he refuse to come in and submit to a trial, to banish his person as a Rebel and Traitor, and confiscate his estate.  
This Remonstrance was sent to the House of Commons, with a Letter signed by Fairfax the General, (whom Cromwell abused and made his Stolen in all this action) to take it speedily into consideration, as a matter admitting no delay: But the Commons laying it aside, and making the more speed to conclude with the King upon the Treaty, voting his concessions satisfactory, so far as to be ground of peace; Suddenly on Tuesday, December. 5. A Party of the Army seize upon the Members of the House, whom they conceive to be opposite to their design; They imprison many, and seclude and deter more, in all to the number of above two hundred, leaving about sixty or seventy (if that) in the House, and those either Army men, or devoted vassals to Cromwell and his faction; these vote the King's concessions not satisfactory, and thereupon break of the Treaty.  
The Army than presently seize upon the King in the Isle of Wight, they remove him in the night from Caresbrow Castle to Hurst Castle in Hampshire, an unwholesome place, standing two or three mile into the sea, upon a very narrow neck of Land: there they closely imprison him, and soon after obtain a Vote in their new modelled House of Commons, to bring him to trial. The Lords refusing to consent, they proceed without them, and draw up an impeachment against his Majesty, by the advice of one Dorisley, an outlandish Doctor of Law, and that many years before, had been History-Reader in Cambridge, preferred thither by the Lord Brooks, to read that Lecture by him first founded, but soon after silenced and put out by the Vicechancellor and Head of the University, for seditious Doctrine by him there delivered, against Monarchy.  
For the King's Trial, they appoint seventy or eighty Persons the most of them Army-men (all o● them his mortal enemies) to be hi● Judges: the Judges of the Land and most eminent Lawyers refusing to join with them, or assist them, they appoint one Bradshaw a poor pettifogging Lawyer, but of an audacious, impudent forehead, to be Precedent of their high Court of Justice, so they call it, (more properly their Court of high injustice.) The King is brought from Hurst Castle to Windsor, about Christmas, where they would not allow him a Minister to keep the Festival with him. From thence they bring him to White-Hall and Saint James about the tenth of January by water. And there afterwards, being brought four several times before their pretended Court of Justice, where he every time refusing to answer, and disclaiming their authority, offering to give his reasons, but they refusing to hear him, at last Saturday January 27. he is condemned to the block, and his head cut of on a Scaffold erected before his Palace gate at White-Hall, on Tuesday following, January 30. to the unexpressable grief and sorrow of all true English People. And thus perished the best, the wisest and the most Religious King that ever England had.  
The House of Lords that had basely complied with the Commons, and supported them from the beginning hitherto against their King, because they would not go along with them in this last most wicked act, are kicked of by a Vote. The very same day that they voted the abolition of Regal Government, February 7. 1648. they voted down the House of Peers, as useless, inconvenient, and an hindrance to the proceed of Parliament, a just reward for so ignoble, degenerous spirits.  
And because great Personages, li●● great Trees in a Forest, seldom 〈◊〉 alone, to complete the Tragedy, wit, in a few weeks after, they impea●● Duke Hamilton General of the Scottish Army, and the Earl of Hollan● as also the Lord Capel, and Lord G●●ring taken in Colchester, and som● others. None of these feared to b● questioned for their lives till now, fo● they yielding, had quarter given them. But an high Court of Justice mus● not be set up for the King alone; They mean to go the same way to work with others: the Law taking no hold of them, they'll make a Law that shall; and therefore the like Court is erected again, for the trial of these Lords and others; though the same Precedent sat not, yet others did, that had the same power.  
All that were accused, were condemned, but Goring being a Gentleman of no great fortune, and never before engaged against them, found mercy at their hands; Capulets great estate drove on his ruin. Hamilton and Holland are observed to have suffered deservedly, because they had played on both parts, sometimes for the King, and otherwhiles against him, as affairs changed: The poor spiritness of the rest is observed, in cowardly submitting to their pretended authority; only the stout Lord Capel (so Lilburn calls him) would not in the lest buckle to acknowledge them a lawful judicatory, but after the example of his Royal Master, denied their Authority, and when he came to suffer (which he and the other did, March 9) he took his death with a most resolute and undaunted courage, not only to the admiration of all men, but even to the very terror of his enemies; they that neither loved him nor his cause, yet highly commended him for his courage and magnanimity, and as much despised Hamilton for his timorous baseness, using all means possible to save his life; but all wou●● not do; much confidence he repos● in Hugh Peter, that Clergy Mountebank, who at last betrayed him, as himself had formerly betrayed the King.  
After the King was thus put to death, and the Government changed into a Commonwealth, a new Sea● and new Coin being made, this Piece of the Parliament that put the King to death, governed the Nation till April 20. 1653. what time they wert thrown out forcibly by Cromwell, (being than their General) and his Army Officers, to the great content and rejoicing of the People.  
But in the mean time presentiy after the death of the King, the Scots proclaimed the Prince, King of Scotland, by the Name of Charles the second.  
Ireland was almost all revolted soon after the death of the King; 
1649.  only the City of Dublin held out for the Parliament: But Cromwell going over thither about September 1649. in lesle than a years time reduces that whole Kingdom to the obedience of the Parliament, driving the Natives for the most part out, and cooping up the rest in the Western parts of the Kingdom.  
Scotland having (as is said before) proclaimed the Prince King; they received him into that Kingdom and crowned him at Scone the first of January 1649. 1650. whereupon the Parliament having reduced Ireland, they resolve to sand an Army into Scotland about June 1650. Fairfax upon this lays down his Commission, and Cromw ll is made Captain General in his stead; He marches into Scotland with a great Army, where he lay a long time before he could engage the Scots to fight; insomuch as the English were in great distress for provisions, and had been famished or forced to return long before, had they not encamped near the sea, and had the sea free and open to them. At length the Scots set upon them at Dunbar, but were defeated and routed; at lest 10000 of them slain and taken upon the place; all of the Presbyterian party, and such as had formerly engaged in England for the Parliament against the King: An hundred Ensigns at lest are taken, brought up to London, and hung up in triumph in Westminster Hall: and which is remarkable, great numbers of those Soldiers, that at their coming into England in 1643. had heathenishly profaned the Cathedral Church of Durham, were now brought prisoners, and lodged i● the very same Church, shut up together, and fed like swine, with root● and other trash, so that with hunger and cold, and stench, lying there a long time, most of them perished; som● of them acknowledging the just han● of God for their sacrilegious profaneness committed in that place: this is a certain truth, reported by credible persons living near and in that City: And thus our Brethrens the Scots were in part paid for their brotherly assistance.  
But Cromwell hath not yet done with them; he stays still after the battle of Dunbar, and pursues his victory: he presently takes Leith and Edinburgh, and afterwards that strong and impregnable Castle, called by the Scots the Maiden Castle, because never before conquered: Nor can I say it was now conquered by Cromwell: He took it not by assault, nor yet by hunger, but as is credibly reported, surrendered by the treachery or cowardice of the Lord _____ that commanded there in chief.  
This Cast e being taken, Cromwell enlarges his conquest all over the South of Scotland, from Leith and Dunbar on the East, to Glasco and Air in the West, without any great resistance. But the City and Castle of Sterling held out for the King, together with the Fife, (the fertilest part of the Kingdom) and all the North of Scotland, from Endinburgh Frith Northward: the Scots being now grown so wise, after their beating at Dunbar▪ as to take and call in to their assistance all the King's party, both Scots and English, whom formerly they rejected under the notion of Malignants and Cavaliers, putting the Earl of Montross most barbarously to death, who landed in Scotland a little before the Kings coming thither, and whom if they had entertained, might possibly by the blessing of God, have prevented their being beaten at Dunbar, being a man of extraordinary experience, conduct and courage in war, exceedingly beloved of all the Royalists in Scotland, and one that had formerly with an handful of men, done incomparable service for the King. But the Presbyterian Scots were as bitter against the King's party, as they were against Cromwell and his army, and would have the glory wholly to themselves and their Covenant, in restoring the King: that thereby they might the better advance their Covenant, and carry on their pretended work of reformation both in Scotland and England.  
Cromwell and his Army lay long in Scotland, after Dunbar fight, 
1651.  and did little, not able to advance any further. At length towards the latter end of July, he gets over Edenburg Frith, and lands his Army or a considerable part of them in the Fife, with a great loss and defeat to the Scots, who resisted: The King soon after quits Sterling, and suddenly marches away in the beginning o● August, with an Army of about eleven thousand horse and foot into England, by the way of Lancashire; and forcing his way at Warrington bridge, against a party that opposed, he comes by easy marches without resistance to Worcester (Massey being with him) hoping the Presbyterians in those parts, and about Gloucester, would generally have risen, and joined with the Scots.  
The Parliament upon the first intelligence of his entrance into England, arm all that possibly they can against him, publishing a Proclamation against him and all his adherents as Rebels and Traitors, and forbidding all men upon pain of high Treason to join with him, or to aid or assist him in the lest. Cromwell also pursues him out of Scotland, with as great a part of his Army as he could well spare; at Worcester all forces assembled against him, meet; there they fought, and the King's party in conclusion is beaten; the Scots (they say) many of them, refusing to fight at all. The King in a disguise very hardly escapes; yet it pleased God, that at last he got safely out of England, many of the Scottish Nobility, and some of the English, being taken prisoners, and kept long after in the Tower of London. This fight at Worcester happened Septemb. 3. 1651. a remarkable day for Cromwel's Victories.  
Scotland after this, is with little difficulty, wholly reduced to the obedience of the Parliament; and Garrisons maintained in several places, even to the utmost Northern Coasts; and they who formerly would not be subject to their King, are now enforced to submit to Cromwell and his Faction.  
Afterwards in Anno 1652. 
1652.  the Parliament falls out with the Hollanders, many fierce and bloody battles were fought at Sea, with great loss on both sides; in one of which, Admiral Dean for the English, and in another, Van-Trump, for the Dutch, were slain. The Hollanders have the worst in conclusion, so that at last they sue for peace and obtain it.  
But some while before this peace was concluded, 
1653.  Cromwell being now grown great with his Victories in Ireland and Scotland, having subdued both these Kingdoms, upon the twentieth of April 1653. he suddenly and forcibly turns out the Parliament, who had for four years, and as much as from January to April, since they put the King to death, with bloody cruelty and heavy oppression, governed the Nation.  
The Parliament being thus turned out, Cromwell and his Army Officers take upon them the government of the Nation: They presently impose six months' Tax, and erect a new Council of State, (Bradshaw who formerly for his good service was Precedent, is now not so much as a Member of the Council.) Cromwell soon after calls a Convention, of about an hundred and twenty persons, picked out by himself, out of the several Counties of the Nation, most of them inferior persons, and of the Independent and Anabaptistical faction. These were summoned by particular Warrants or Tickets in paper, under his own hand only to meet at Westminster, and consult for't settling the Nation.  
Being met according to their summons, july 4. ●653▪ in the Commons House of Parliament, and having chosen them a Chairman or Speaker, Cromwell comes in amongst them, and pulls a writing out of his pocket, thereby giving them the supreme authority of the Nation: upon this they presently vote themselves to be a Parliament, and to requited his courtesy, they vote him to be a Member of their Parliament.  
Thus being seated in Authority, they make an Act for six months' Tax, at the old rate of 120000 lively a Month; and another Act concerning marriages, appointing Justices of Peace to marry, and none other marriages to be valid or lawful: In the same Act, they ordain a Register to be kept in every Parish, in which is to be set down all births and burials, not so much as mentioning Baptism, as a thing in their opinion at lest not necessary: thus they lessen and diminish the use and authority of Ministers, whom they intended by degrees, to take wholly away.  
In order whereunto, they had a design to take a way Tithes; but the Ministers of London, being called to allege what might be said in defence of them, by their Counsel learned in the Law, and by Arguments out of Scripture, they opposed so strongly, as that debate was laid aside for the present. But that failing, they had another device, namely by an Act, in one day, to have unbottomed all Ministers in England, and to have locked up the Church doors, (as some affirmed) and than afterwards, to have taken in whom they had thought good, which may probably be conceived, should have been only such as would have renounced their orders, if not their baptism.  
Things being carried so high and in such a frantic manner, the more moderate among them weary of the work, and fearing they should rather bring things into further confusion, than settle any thing, they repair to Cromwell the General, desiring him to take again into his hands his Writing or conveyance of the supreme power; whereupon he presently dissolves them: but some of the Anabaptists refusing to obey, and continuing still in the house at their prayers, he sent Soldiers who pulled them out, and locked up the doors against them Decemb. 12. 1653.  
This Schismatical Convention, called by some the little horn, being thus timely and happily outed; Cromwell upon the sixteenth day of the same month, having by advice of his Army-Officers and Council of State, framed an Instrument of Government, presently after printed and published, consisting of forty two Articles (and therefore by some called his forty two stringed fiddle, by others the Magna Charta) takes upon him the Government of the three Nations, as Supreme Magistrate, under the Title of Lord Protector of the Commonwealth of England, Scotland and Ireland. And sending for the Commissioners of the great Seal, the Lord Maior and Aldermen of London, with the Judges of Law, and the chief Officers of his Army, (Proclamation thereof being made in London) he is solemnly installed in Westminster-hall, taking an oath to govern according to that Instrument and the Laws of the Land, though nothing could be more repugnant to the Laws than that Instrument was.  
According to that Instrument, 
1654.  he calls a Parliament to begin Septemb. 3. 1654. though it fell out that year to be Sunday, accounting the day auspicious, by reason of his two great victories upon that day, at Dunbar and Worcester. This Parliament was not to be chosen according to the ancient manner, two in a County and two in a Corporation, but ten, eight, six, more or lesle in a County, according to the proportion of it, and the small decayed Corporations (as Thetford and Rising in Norfolk, and the like elsewhere) were wholly left out. There were also added to the Parliament, Thirty Members for Scotland, and as many for Ireland, chosen or nominated from thence; so as it was a Parliament of the Commonwealth of England, Scotland and Ireland; whereof as before, he had made himself Protector.  
It is probable the Protector foresaw that little or nothing would be done by this Parliament; and therefore to make sure work, he and his Council, (besides this Ordinance fo● his stile and Title, for the issuing o● Writs, and for Law-proceeding, t● go according to that Style and Title and some others of the like nature made in the beginning of his government immediately upon the Change) I say besides these, before the Convening of this Parliament a very few days, he publishes by Authority o● himself and his Council above twenty Ordinances (as some reckoned them,) which were observed as valid Laws; and amongst them, one remarkable one, for the Ejecting of Ignorant, scandalous and insufficient Ministers by any five, or more of the Commissioners therein named: and by which in a quarter of a years time, they ejected many Ministers (especially in Norfolk) out of their live; scarce one of twenty that were accused or complained of, but were ejected; And this was done (I suppose) to gratify the Anabaptistical and Independent party, who hitherto beheld Oliver with an evil eye, since he was Protector, looking (as they thought) too like a King.  
The Parliament convened according to appointment at Westminster, Septemb. 3. they presently question the Protectors Authority, though he had at their first meeting, in a very large speech, presently after printed and published, magnified the same, as if he had been called to the Place, by the concurrent and universal consent of the whole Nation. It is true they consented, because they could do no otherwise, being forced thereunto by his armed power.  
To silence and suppress this question, within a few days after their sitting, he enjoins a Recognition or acknowledgement of his power, by a particular subscription of every one of the Members, before they were admitted to enter the House any more: and such as would not subscribe, were forcibly secluded by a guard of Sould●ers; but at last all or most of them subscribed.  
Not sooner were they set again, bu● they fall in hand with the Instrument of Government, examining it in every particular; and the Protector suffered them to go on without interruption. They would have been content to have made him Protector, but they would not allow of the Instrument of Government in all things.  
Ye must know by the way, that one Article of the Government was that the Parliament called and convened, must sit five months (if themselves think good) and during that time, the Protector had not power to dissolve them; but afterwards at any time he might: It was further ordained, that whatsoever Acts they made and tendered to him, if he did not consent within thirty days, or satisfy them to the contrary, they were to be Laws valid and binding, without him. To conclude, they spent so long time in tuning the instrument, that just at the five month's end (counting precisely twenty eight days to a month) the Protector calls them together, tells them he thought they had been asleep, having not of a long time heard from them; That they had sat long and done nothing, and therefore tells them they may repair every one to his several home. Thus they are dissolved with a kind of jeer, january 22. 1654.  
But I must tell you, the Parliament would not tender him any Bill to pass, nor receive any Laws from him, till such time as they had regulated the Government of the Nation, and confirmed his authority upon him. The truth is, they thought him not to have power to enact Laws, till themselves had given it him: And therefore they would have nothing pass, till altogether were done and finished.  
After the breaking up of this Parliament, it was generally thought, w● should never have had any more in h●● time. For the Protector betake himself to other Methods of government.  
That y●ar 1655. 
1655.  he institutes h●● Mayor General: He divides the who● Kingdom into seven Provinces o● Cantons; (three, four or five (mos● or lesser) Counties in a Province. And over every of these, he placeth● Mayor General with his Deputy, an● sufficient Authority, not only in Military affairs, but also in Ecclesiastic●● and Civil; none came amiss to them 〈◊〉 they would meddle in all, upon occasi●● on or complaint: Especially i● Church-affairs, they take upon them the sovereign power; they put out silence and inhibit what Ministers the please, by virtue of the late Ordinance against scandalous Ministers, and other orders & private instructions to them from the Protector & his Council. They will not suffer any ejected Minister to teach a School either publicly or privately; to pray, or preach, or to perform any Ministerial duty in any Church or private Family; in a word, they would have starved them, if they could, denying all means of livelihood to them and theirs.  
And because divers ejected Ministers, had during the sitting of this ●ast Parliament, and soon after, commenced suits in Law for the recovery of their Live, and had gotten (some of them) damages against their Intruders, and had hopes of recovering the possession of their Live: and some of them had already got into possession by Law: The Protector publisheth a Proclamation, thereby strictly commanding them to quit their possessions, and to release all judgements obtained, and further inhibiting all Attorneys, Lawyers and Advocates, to commence or prosecute any Suits ●or, or to pled in the behalf of such Clients; And all Judges are likew●● inhibited, to admit of any such Action's or Pleas in any of their Courts. A●● which, was apparently to deny the● the benefit of the Law, (which is t●● highest Act of Arbitrary and Tyran●● power that can be) and consequent●● to condemn that Authority as illegal by which they were first ejected.  
Furthermore upon occasion of a risi●● in the Spring, by some of the Kin● party in the West, he not only pr●●ceeds against Col. john Penruddock, a●● divers other Gentlemen, by Capit●● punishment; but he decimates all th● Cavaliers or Gentlemen of the la●● King's party, that had been in ar● for him, all over England; that is, 〈◊〉 enjoins them to pay yearly the ten●● part of their whole Revenue, notwit● standing their former Composition made for their Estates, and their P●●dons sued out as the Parliament 〈◊〉 enjoined, and also the late Act of Oblivion, anno 1651. And this Decimation was put in execution by these Mayor Generals.  
And in this Government, he much resembled the Turk: Himself like the Grand Signior, ruling by sole command, had his standing Army (as a guard for his Person) answerable to the Janissaries; and his Mayor Generals representing the Bashaws in their several Provinces; And besides these, he had his Auxiliaries lately set up in every County; viz. certain Troops of horse, and Companies of foot, armed and ready upon all occasions, maintaining and finding their own horses and arms; for a constant yearly salary, the horsemen had 8 lively per annum, and the foot 3 lively and these were upon any occasion to be drawn forth, and march in a few hours warning.  
Anno 1656. 
1656▪  The Protector calls another Parliament, according to the lade mode, ten in a County, etc. These convene at Westminster, Sept. 17. Upon their first meeting, man● of the Members of several Countiss were excluded, because they had bee● somewhat busy and active in the Parliament before. This exclusion 〈◊〉 Members being noised abroad, man● that were not yet gone up, went not a● all, jest when they came there, the● should be excluded and sent hom● again. There were in all about sevenscore or more that absented themselves, or were secluded the House b● order from the Council of State; an● yet not any reason alleged against them. They represent the injury t● the House, but found no redress; th● House dare not offend the Protector by admitting their Fellow-Members.  
This Parliament thus purged an● garbled, was for the Protectors turn● he gave them leave to sit almost tw● five months without dissolving or adjourning▪  
About the beginning of the next spring, 
1657.  there is a project set on foot by some in the House for making the Protector King: First a petition or remonstrance from many of the City desiring it, was presented by an Alderman of London to the Speaker, sealed up in a box. Afterwards a Bill is preferred for it: the House are very forward in the business; only the Protectors pleasure is not known. They very humbly and solemnly petition his Highness to accept of it; as an honour not only merited by himself, but much inducing to the settlement of the Nation. But he makes strange at it, giveth them thanks for their good affection towards him and the public; yet desires time to consider of it, before they press him to a resolution.  
Mean time the Independents and Factious people fast and pray, to avert the judgement that is like to fall upon them, in having a King. Some great Commanders in the Army, and many of the common-souldiers express thei● dislike of it; amongst whom Lambert, the Leiutenant-General, is the chief, conceiving it a bar to his ambitious hopes. It is more than probable, the Protector himself thirsted after it, and that the design was first hammered in his own forge; for Thurloe his Secretary openly promoted it, and (as it was said) brought in the Bill. But when the Parliament made their second address to him, he modestly denied it, yet he gave them thanks for their good affections to him.  
This Parliament sat from the 17. of September, to the 26. of June. And than by an Act entitled The humble Petition and advice, they constitute him Protector, and give him power to nominate his Successor, which was all one as to establish the Government in his Family: They erect another House of Parliament, in place of the Lords, for which they could invent no other name, but The Other House. It was to consist of a number of persons not exceeding seventy, nor lesle than forty, all chosen or nominated by the Protector, and to be called particularly by Writs, as the House of Peers were want to be: They also ordain some other qualifications for future elections of Parliament men; and appoint an Oath to be taken by the Protector, and by all successive Protectors: and also another Oath by all the Members, both of the one and Other House upon their entrance to sit in Parliament. Some other things they ordain in that Petition and advice, for settling the future Government. All which the Protector ratifies and confirms, by giving his solemn assent in those words, the Lord Protector doth consent.  
Further in that Act, they limit him so far, as not to impose any Tax or payment upon the People, without their consent in Parliament; and in lieu thereof, they give him 35000 lively a month by way of Tax for three years to come, from June 24. 1657. besides the Excise, Tunage and Poundage, the Customs, all the Crown lands that were unsold, and all Forfeitures, Penalties, and other accidental Emoluments that the Kings of England were want to have; amounting in the whole to Thirteen Hundred Thousand Pounds per annum; for so much they promised to settle upon him forthwith, as a certain standing Revenue, besides land Taxes. This done, he does not dissolve, but only adjourn the Parliament, to the 20. of January following.  
But in the mean time soon after their adjournment, the Protector Cashiers Lambert his Leivetenant-general, and Hacker Colonel of his lifeguard, and some other Officers of his Army, who were conceived to be averse to the business of his Kingship; which gave men cause to conclude, that he stil● thirsted after the Kingly dignity, as indeed it is more than probable he did.  
And here let me tell you, there goeth a story very credibly and confidently reported by some persons knowing and well-affected to the late Protector, That he, when he was a boy, and going to school at Huntingdon, where his father dwelled, dreamt one night that he should be King, and Ruler over all the Kingdom of England, but afterwards he should be hanged. This dream he tells to his fellow schoolboys, and by that means it came to his Master's ear, who lashed him sound for it. How near the former part of his dream was fulfilled, appears by this story; and how justly he deserved the latter part, I leave it to others to judge?  
Against the meeting of the Parliament by adjournment, he sends out his Writ, for summoning the Members of his other House. Some ancient Peers of the Land he summoned, as the Earl of Warwick, the Earl of Manchester, the Lord Say; I cannot say, whether or not the Earl of Sali●bary was one, because he seldom wanted a place in the House of Commons▪ Others, some of them, were Gentlemen of quality in several Counties and of good repute, but the most o● them were of his Army-men, or o● his alliance, that had married into his Family. Amongst his Army-men, there were Pride the Dray-man, Hewson the Shoemaker, Barksted the broken Thimble-maker, and others the like, all Colonels of his Army; and Lambert also to gratify: him, is made one of his Peers; and Haselrig, that was a great stickler against him in all Parliaments, is another. There is a Catalogue extant of them all, and therefore it is needless to repeat them.  
When the time came according to the Adjournment, January 20. the Nobility though called, disdained to appear: Many of the Gentry absented themselves, yet some of all sorts (except only the Nobility) enough to make a competent number, appeared. Some that were called to his other House, were elected for the House of Commons, and chose that place, rather than the other House; Sir Arthur Haselrig (always an enemy to the King, and no friend to the Protector) was one of the number: The House of Commons would by no means digest that other House, nor own them; though some messages were sent to them, yet would they not vouchsafe them any answer.  
Besides this, there was another business set on foot in the House of Commons, that touched the Protector very nearly; and that was their tampering with the power of the Militia: The People were to pay the Army, and it was thought just by many, that the Parliament should have command of them. And it was suspected, had they sat but a little longer, that the Army, or a considerable part of it, would have adhered to the Parliament. To prevent this mischief, that was 〈◊〉 working, the Protector suddenly a●● unexpectedly dissolves them, Febr. ●● with this word of comfort (nevertheless) to his other House, My Lords, ye are Lords, and shall be Lords.  
The Parliament thus again dissolved in discontent, things rested as formerly, though not without much murmuring and secret discontent, both in the Protector and People.  
About the latter end of August, 
●658.  or the beginning of September, the Protector died; having lain somewhile in a very sad condition, with extreme pain and torment in his bowels. Some strongly fancy, that be died on Tuesday, Aug. 30. what time was the most furious, violent wind, that ever happened in the memory of man. And it's very probable that he died that day or soon after: but it was given out, and commonly reported, that he died on Friday, Sept. 3.  
His Funeral was a great while deferred, his body embalmed and kept above ground many months together, with mourners continually attending his corpse, and meat carried up and served on his Table, as if he had been the greatest Prince in Christendom, and afterwards he was interred with as great funeral solemnity, as ever any King of England was interred, and his Hearse or Statue set up after the manner of Kings, and a most most magnificent Monument erected for him.  
It is worth the remembering, that about a year or two before his death, he made a new broad Seal, with the Arms of England, viz. a Saint George's Cross, quartered with Saint Andrews Cross for Scotland, and the Harp for Ireland, and his own Coat in a little Escutcheon in the midst; his Helmet and Mantle, with a Crown imperial, and a Lion puissant for his Crest, and and the supporters a Lion and a Dragon: the Motto underneath his Ar●● Pax quaeritur Bello. And this inscrip●●● on about, Sigillum magnum Reipub●●● Anglioe, Scotiae & Hiberniae: On th● other side, himself on Horseba●● richly trappered, as the King Seal 〈◊〉 want to be; and the Inscription abo●● it, Oliverus Dei gratia, Reipublicae A●●gliae, Scotiae & Hiberniae Protector.  
And though he usually coined 〈◊〉 money, yet I have seen some piec● of Silver, of an half crown bigne●● with his Arms (as before) on the obside, and his Picture crowned with ba●● on the other side, and the former Inscription. In these respects so near 〈◊〉 approached to the Royal dignity sure I am, he assumed more powe● and authority, than ever any King's England did.  
The Protector before his death, h●● according to the fore-mention● Humble Petition and Advice, appointed his eldest Son Richard Crumwel, to succeed him in his place; an● accordingly immediately after his Father's death, he was proclaimed in London, and soon after all over England.  
The Independents, Anabaptists and other Sectaries, were not well pleased at it; they had rather have had Fleetwood in the place, who had married the late Protectors Daughter, Iretons Widow; for Richard had formerly been reputed a kind of a good fellow and a royalist, and never was in Arms against the King, as all the rest of his Father's Family and Allies had been.  
Richard soon after calls a Parliament to begin at Westminster. Jan. 27. n●t according to the Instrument of Government, but after the old way, two in a County, etc. Before the calling of the Parliament, and after, congratulatoty Addresses are made to Richard, from most Counties, Cities and Corporations of Note in England, extolling the merits of his heroic Father, expressing their joy for the succession of such a Son, and promising to adhere to him withal faithfulness and loyalty. In some of thei● Addresses, they compare the Father to Moses, and the Son to Joshua, the Guiders and Conductors of God's People out of Egyptian thraldom, with other the like blasphemous expressions. Richard receives these Addresses with as much gravity, as they were tendered with humility; so that no man could imagine, but that he was most firmly fixed in his Throne; And Lily the States mercenary Prognosticator, assures it, from his Astrological Predictions of that year.  
At the opening of the Parliament Jan. 27. he makes a Speech to both his Houses, wherein he minds them of his just and lawful Title to the Government, not only by the wondered Providence of God, but by the disposition of the Laws: he tells them, h● had convened them together for important affairs of State, for the honour and safety of the Nation; willed them to take into consideration, the necessity of the Navy and Army, whom he commends for their patience and obedience, to the best Army in the world: some other things to this purpose he commended to them, and told them in conclusion, that they should found him ready and willing to concur with them in any thing for the good of the public; and to deny them nothing that was just and fit; And that if this were not an happy Parliament, it should not be his fault. And all this (says the Book) was spoken with so gracious and Princely a deportment, as hath gained this opinion amongst the wisest Hearers, that he deservedly holds the place of Supreme Magistrate in these Nations.  
Thus the Parliament began, and great hopes there were of good agreement between the Protector and the People: and doubtless he for his part, would have given them leave to ha●● settled the Nation as they thought good, both for Religion and Civi● Government. But still the other House, though called as formerly, an● many of them convened, would no● down with the Commons; they would not in the lest own this new made House of Lords; sit they might, if they pleased, but little or nothing they had to do: for the Commons would never impart any thing to them, nor indeed have any inter course with them. A pitiful company of Peers they were, and accordingly regarded.  
But Richard and the House of Commons agreed very well; he was willing to leave all to them; And there being a very great number of young Lawyers in the House, that gaped for preferment, they were willing to give him power enough: too much as many suspected.  
Ye must know, that in all Parliaments since Olivers time, there was a faction of men in the House, called Commonwealths men, that were for a free State (as they called it) and against a single Person. These were such as had purchased the Lands of Bishops, Deans and Chapters, and those belonging to the late King, Queen, and Prince; And they feared, that these Lands might be at one time or other restored, unless the Government were again settled in the way of a Commonwealth: for a single Person they thought might possibly come to be a King. With these also concurred all such, both Parliament-men and Army-men, as were highly guilty of the King's Trial and death. And all these together, had a great influence upon the Army. These generally were disaffected to the Protector.  
The Army also (Richard having never been a Soldier) were very desirous to have a General of their own choice with power to place and displace what Army-Officers he thought fit. Fleetwood the Protectors Br●ther in-law, or Lambert aims at th● place; To effect their design, they with the Commonwealths men i● Parliament, as Haselrig, and Vane▪ Scot and Weaver, and others the like▪ make a Faction in the Army against the Protector. The Commander's o● the Army that were of this Faction had frequent meetings at Fleetwood Lodging at Wallingford House 〈◊〉 whereof Richard had notice, and might have suppressed them in time, by som● chief Officers that were of his part who offered their assistance thereunto▪ but being loath to hazard the effusion o● blood, he let things rest, hoping (perhaps) they would not have proceeded a afterwards they did.  
Fleetwood soon after advises him t● adjourn the Parliament, 
1659.  but he re●●sing, they come to him, and force h●● to sand a Writ to dissolve it; Th●● was about the latter end of April, 1659.  
The Parliament thus suddenly dissolved, the Soldiers were at a loss what to do; at last they resolve, after a solemn Fast had among themselves (as their manner was) to call in that piece or tail of the long Parliament, (that Cromwell and themselves had broke up and cast out six years before, April 20. 1653.) to return again to the exercise of their trust, as they termed it; expressing their Repentance for that action, and desiring to return again into the good old way. Lenthal the Speaker, and some others of that company, being than in and about the City, very gladly accept the motion; they thought long to be again in authority. They call together all their fellow-Members that they could get, and had much ado to make forty, though they took two of them out of the Gaol, viz. the Lord Munson and Henry Martin, who were Prisoners there upon execution Being thus got together upon Saturday aftenoon, May 7. the Speaker with the rest, enter the House, and set again as a Parliament; publishing a Proclamation or Declaration, to let the People understand, how by the wondered providence and mercy of God, they were again restored to the exercise of their trust, being (as they call themselves) Asserters of the Good old Cause, etc.  
The Monday following, Mr. William Prin a Bencher of Lincoln's Inn, and many more Members of the Long Parliament, that were secluded upon the King's Trial, December 1648, met together at Westminster, and went to the House-door, demanding admission to sit with the rest, but were denied entrance, and kept out with armed guards. Whereupon he writes a Book called his Narrative, wherein he declraes at large their manner of demanding admission, and in what manner they were forcibly kept out, and very solidly pleads the King's cause against their Commonwealth. And another Book he writes and publishes at the same time, entitled, The good old Cause, wherein he manifestly proves, by twelve undeniable Arguments, that that which they termed the good old Cause, was far worse, more destructive both to Church and State, to Religion and the Commonwealth, than the Gunpowder Treason. And though he openly owned and avowed these Books, setting his name to them, yet they never returned the lest answer to them, nor questioned the Author: But these Books thus seasonably published, gave a deadly blow to their good old Cause, though the operation of it was not so presently discerned.  
The Parliament (those few that were) being thus got in again, they presently depose the Protector, and altar the Government from a sin●● person to a Commonwealth. Th●●null all honouts conferred by th● late Protector, so that many are in a● instant unknighted, whom Oliver before had honoured with that dignity Richard himself but the other da● Lord Protector of England, Scotlan● and Ireland, and his Highness at every word, is now in the language of th● Parliament but Richard Cromwell Esq for by that. Title they wrote to him to quit his Lodgings, and remove● from Whitehall: and his Excellency Lord Henry Cromwell, Lord Lieutenant of Ireland, is now no more the● Mr. Henry Cromwell; All Olivers venerable House of Peers, have now i● an instant lost their Lordships, and an● the same that formerly they were; s● great a change is effected in an instant Only Fleetwood and Lambert are st●●● termed Lords in the Parliaments fir●● Declaration, May 7. and there wa●● cause for it; for the Parliament w●● what they were by their means.  
And now all mouths are open in an instant, against the late Protector Oliver, reproaching him as the worst of Tyrants and Usurpers, tearing his Hearse or Statue in pieces, defacing and pulling down his sumptuous Monument, that was but a few weeks before at a most vast charge, set up in Westminster.  
The Parliament were more obliged to the Army, than they were to the people, for putting them again into Authority; for the people had had more than enough of them, for almost two seven years before. Oliver never did so much good for the Nation, nor had more thanks from the people, than when he and his Army had turned these men out, as before is said, April 20. 1653. And therefore they thought it concerned them, rather to gratify the Army, than to please the people. To this end, not long after their re-installment, they impose a Tax of twelve months, to be paid 〈◊〉 manner altogether. That 35000 l●● month which was not to be paid 〈◊〉 the Act that imposed it, till Midsummer, 1660. and that quarterly, th●● command to be paid in presently between Lammas and Michaelmas, 1659.▪ intending (as its probable) as soon a● that was paid in, to impose another the like payment upon the people.  
After this, about July, they pas● an Act for settling the Militia, and i● was sent down into the several Counties, to be presently put in execution▪ but the Army (as it was thought) no● relishing this design, it was soon after laid aside.  
This year about the beginning of August, there was a rising in Cheshire, Lancashire, and the parts adjoining, under the command of Sir George Booth, Sir Thomas Midleton, and other Gentlemen in those parts; they declare for a free and full Parliament to be elected by the People. It was commonly reported, the design was general, laid all over all England, and thus it was carried on chief by the Presbyterian Party. But Cheshire and the parts adjacent, were the fi●st that arose; in other places attempts were made, but they were suppressed.  
Sir George Booth had taken Westchester both Town and Castle, and was reported to be very numerous. And therefore upon the first intelligence thereof, Lambert is sent out against him, with an Army of six or seven thousand men, and a train of Artillery; and forces from all quarters are appointed to draw to him, so that all meeting, he had a very great Army. Sir George Booth's party, seeing other Counties so slack, begin to faint and forsake him; Lambert marching towards them, is opposed by some forces at a narrow pass, but presently all are routed, and Sir George himself, and some others are taken and brought prisoners to London: this happened about Aug. 20.  
This design so strongly and universally (as was reported) laid, and so soon defeated and disappointed the Parliament themselves, and all men thought them cocksure. They begun to resolve to submit themselves to the yoke of their old Taskmasters, seeing no other remedy; And the Parliament went on with their work, in settling the Nation in a Commonwealth way; intending after that was established, to proceed severely against Sir George Booth and his party. They began already to sequester his and other men's estates; for many they say were engaged in the plot, all over England: and the City of Westchester they quite dis-franchised.  
But observe what followed. Lambert and the Army were so heightened at this success, and the Parliament (as they thought) so much obliged to them, for restoring them into their power, and preserving them in it, as they thought whatsoever they demanded, would not have been denied them. Thereupon in their return to London, they take a resolution by unanimous consent of the Officers and common Soldiers to require to have a General of their own Election, either Fleetwood or Lambert.  
The Parliament having intelligence hereof, resolve the contrary; calling to mind, how six years before they had been served by Oliver, who than was their General: and therefore they thought it not fit any more to intrust so great a power in any one man's hand, lest he should do as Oliver had done. And therefore they resolve and vote, to put the power of the Army into the hands of seven Commissioners, whereof about two or three (at most) were Army-men, and the rest Members of the Parliament.  
This Vote of theirs highly discontented the Army, and Lambert especially; the business came to that height, as about the tenth or eleventh of October, their forces were draw out on either side at Westminste● Some Regiments for the Parliament under the command of Haselrig, Mo●ly and others; and other Regiment for the Army, under command o● Lambert, Desborough, Berry and other Colonels, and ready they were t● charge one another. The Council o● State interposing, prevented blood shed, but could not appease or satisfy the Army. At length the Army became Masters, and turned out the Parliament, October 13. whom but a few months before, they had placed in authority.  
But the Parliament did prudently and stoutly in one thing; when they saw whereto they must, that the Army would turn them out, a day or two before (Octob. 11.) they made an Act presently after printed and published, That it should be high Treason in any, to impose, assess, collect, levy, or pay any Excise, Customs, Tonnage and Poundage, or any Tax or Tallage whatsoever, from that 11th day of October, but what should be imposed by the consent of the People themselves in Parliament.  
This was a stumbling-block to the Army-men; it hindered them somewhat from the raising of money for the present; but had things succeeded according to their mind, they would soon have leapt over it, and raised what moneys they pleased.  
The Parliament thus cashiered by the Army, the next thing they do is to provide places for themselves. Fleet-wood is made General, Lambert Lieutenant General, Desborough is made General of the horse. And they provide a place for Monck also, who at present is Governor of Scotland; him they will make Mayor General of the foot. This for the Army.  
For the government of the State they must take time to consider of that. But some things they lay for grounds and principles. 1. They'll free th● people of the burden of Tithes (and in time perhaps of Ministers too) that hath been a design all along since the Army gave Law to the Nation. 2. They will perhaps have a kind of Parliament, but not of the choice of the people; for the people (say they) are grown generally so corrupt, as they are not fit to choose their own representatives; but must be left to the godly. In stead of an House of Lords they'll have a standing Senate of Army Officers and such like godly men, which shall have a Negative voice in all Parliamentary consultations. These and some others, as I concluded out o● some of their books, were their design.  
But the truth is, though much consultation they had, and some progress they made in framing a Government yet could they make no work of it, they could not agreed of any. Only thus for the present exigence of affairs, the establish a Committee of Safety, consisting mostly of Army-Officers, and some Members of the late Parliament, that since the dissolution thereof, had sided with the Army, whereof Sir Henry Vane was one.  
But that which spoiled the sport, and gave checkmate to their new intended Government, was a business in Scotland. Monck (as I touched before) was governor of that Nation, and had been so in all these changes, almost ever since Oliver took upon him the Protectors place. They had provided Monck a place among them, (so courteous they were) but they were not so prudent as to consult with him about breaking up the Parliament.  
And therefore upon the first intelligence of these things, Monk in Scotland declares against their proceed. The soldiers here (without expostulating) presently arm against him; insomuch as their forces are upon their march towards Scotland, from Norwich and the parts thereabout, upon the 29th of October the Parliament having been broken up but bore sixteen days before; Monck seeing them thus on the forehand with him, entertains them with a Treaty; Commissioners are appointed on both sides, and furnished with instructions; mean time Monck takes and fortifies Barwick upon Tweed. The news comes that they are agreed, and that both parties have unanimously declared against the interest of Charles Stuart, (so they commonly call the King) which caused much rejoicing amongst the Army's adherents; but this soon after proved to be false: Monck at the return of his Commissioners, is not satisfied in some particulars; Nevertheless soon after, he desires another Treaty, which was held at Newcastle; during which time he calls a Convention of the Estates of Scotland, who (as it was reported) not only approved this his undertaking, but assisted him in it.  
The Treaty at Newcastle, after some time spent therein, had no better success than the former; They could not, or at lest wise Monk would not agreed. But Fleetwood notwithstanding gives intelligence to his adherents in Norfolk, that they were so fare agreed, that if they should grant what Monk insisted upon, it would be no whit prejudicial to them.  
While these things were thus acting, it pleased God there happened a great frost, and after that so deep a snow, as the like hath not been known of many years, both for the greatness and continuance of it. Monck was all that time with his Army at Barwick and thereabouts, never advancing farther into England than Alnwick. Lambert and his Army having much impoverished Yorkshire and those parts, what with Taxes and Freequarter, were now about Newcastle, quarterred in a barren cold Country, and not able to march by reason of the hardness of the weather.  
In the mean time I must tell you, from Lambers first advancing against Monck, the Londoners had been solicited by Fleetwood and the rest, to join with the Army; but they utterly refuse it, though they liked well enough the turning out of the Parliament. About the beginning of December, the Apprentices and some others Petition the Lord Major and Court of Aldermen; the soldiers interpose; whereupon there is a great hurly-burly in the City, and some blood is shed, a Captain (they say) being slain; but by the means of the Major, the tumult is appeased. Fleetwood upon this occasion, to kerb the City, and prevent any rise hereafter, sends in a considerable part of his Army; they take and fortify four houses in several parts of the City, whereof Gresham College was one; these they strengthen with soldiers and Granades, and threaten to fire the City in case the Citizens should stir.  
While these things were thus carried at London, Haselrig and some Army Officers, that from the first had adhered to the Parliament, got into Portsmouth about December the third; and there joining with some chief Officers of the Navy, declare openly for the Parliament against the Army; And because the City of London would not join with them, (for they liked the Parliament as thus constituted, as ill as they did the Army) they with a considerable part of the Navy under the command of Lawson than Admiral, (who had a little before deserted the Army) block up the Thames; this was about a week before Christmas.  
The City thus blocked up by Sea, and Garrisoned with Fleetwoods' soldiers by Land, were in a sad condition: but for all this they would neither declare for the Army nor Parliament, but still desired to have a free Parliament of the election of the People; to which the soldiers forced by necessity and want of money, at last consented; b● with such qualifications, as had the● been observed, would have rendere● the Parliament wholly subservient o● the Army's interest; And the Committee of Safety had by a Proclamation summoned the same to begin a● Westminster, january 24.  
But the Parliament now commonly called the Rump, (and so I shall hereafter term them) taking the opportunity of this difference between the City and Army, made a shift to mee● together, (a competeur number o● them (about 40.) and to crowd again into the House, December 26. late in the Evening by Torchlight. But jest the Londoners should join with the Army, and oppose, they promise' upon their first fitting, either to call in the Secluded Members by the 6th. of Jannuary; or else to issue out Writs for filling up the House by new Elections. To pacify the Army, they pass a Vote of Indemnity to Fleetwood, Lambert, and all rest of the Army, both Officers and Soldiers, for what was past, in case hereafter they demean themselves quietly; which Vote they are glad to accept of, not being able farther to oppose.  
But I must tell you, that before this, they had endeavoured what they might, in all the Counties, to raise money for the supply of the Army, but could not get any considerable sums. The Gentlemen in the Country, that had been laid horses by virtue of the late Act for the Militia (which was first set on foot by the Parliament on July last, but laid aside soon after for fear of offending the Army) these they now rate at 10 l. for every horse; yet rather than fail they would have taken fifty shillings. Some that were faint-hearted compounded at so low a rate, and paid; but many refused: And of them that compounded, the most part would never pay a penny. This was about the beginning of December; and some money by this tri● they got, but not much. About th● same time also, they sent forth warran● for one month's Tax, assessed fo● Drums and Colours, etc. by virtue o● the said Act, but this in many place● was never paid, and in most place● though rated, yet not paid. So tha● the want of money, was the main thing that broke their design; the soldiers about London, mutining and growing insolent against their Commanders for want of pay: some of them falling to that party that adhered to the Parliament, and others offering their service and assistance to the City, whom they thought best able to entertain them; so that it came to that pass before the Rump got in, that Fleetwood had little or no command of his soldiers in and about the City. And this gave another advantage to the Rump to crowd in.  
Being got in as before is noted, The Citizens of London are yet jealous, that they would not according to their promise, call in the secluded Members, nor fill up their House by new Elections. And therefore they fortify the City in several streets and places of access with chains and posts to prevent the sudden incursion of horses; For now they feared the Rump Parliament, as much or more than formerly they did the Army: this was about the beginning of january.  
And indeed within a few days after they discovered their intentions; the Rump was so far from calling in the secluded Members, as they passed a Vote that never any of them should sit again: and in stead of filling up their House by a new election, they are about contriving an Oath of abjuration, whereby to force men under a penalty to abjure the King and all the Royal Line or Family; but this Oath stuck long in debate, and at last would not pass amongst themselves.  
But notwithstanding the Rump was thus got into possession, and likely 〈◊〉 enough to hold it, Lambert's Army b●ing at the news of it quite broken a●● dispersed, himself secretly departing from them at Rippon, and posting 〈◊〉 London to accept his Vote of Indemnity. Monck advanceth with 〈◊〉 Army, marching on slowly, and w● come to Newcastle about the sixth 〈◊〉 january without the lest opposition.  
The Rump likes well of it, hoping by his assistance to quell the City, wh●● as yet stood at distance with them, an● had in a sort fortified themselves against them. The Londoners on th● contrary, entertain hopes, that b● Monks coming, the Parliament might be enforced, notwithstanding thei● former Vote, either to call in the Secluded Members, or else to fill up th● House with new elections, either o● which would have satisfied them, and one of which they resolved to insist upon. All expectations on either side, are upon Monck, but no man knew certainly what his intentions were.  
The Rump had from the first intelligence of Monks advancing, after Lambert's Army was disbanded and broken, sent two of their Members (Robinson and Scot) to wait upon him, or rather indeed as Spies to watch and observe him. The City of London had also sent their Sword-bearer as far as Newcastle, to congratulate his coming, and to tender the respects and affections of the City to him. He receives him courteously, returns hearty thanks to the City, but nothing satisfactory of what they expected: so that hitherto, and long after he marched hooded in allusion to his name; no man could tell what to make of him, nor what his design, or the end of his coming was, but men guessed and hoped, according as their opinions and desires were: but the Rump both now, and long after, were as confidently assured of him, as of any man within their own walls.  
Passing through Yorkshire he is 〈◊〉 norably received by the Lord Fairfa●● and the Northern Gentlemen, w●●● had not many days before contributed much to the reducing of a part of Lambert's Officers and Soldier that had possessed themselves of York.  
While Monck was there, divers o● the Yorkshire Gentlemen were very desirous to understand his intentions, an● to that purpose, requested Sir Henr● Cholmely one of their number, to go t● him and talk privately with him; whic● he did, & had conveniency of discourse with him. At his return they were bi● with expectation, and demanded o● him what he thought of the General He told them he thought he was like the Peace of God; they ask why? he answers, because he passeth all understanding. This I was credibly informed of by a Yorkshire Minister, living in those parts.  
Coming along all the way to Saint Alban's, he receives several Addresses from all or most of the Counties of England, all importing their humble desires, that either the Secluded Members might be called in, or that the House may be filled up by new elections, that so one way or other, they might have again a full and free Parliament; the want of which they apprehended to be the cause of all their late sufferings, and frequent changes of Government, to the oppression of the people, and high dishonour of the English Nation. He receives them all courteously, treats them civilly, but for answer tells them, That he was but a servant to the Parliament, and that only in a Military capacity; that it became not him to interpose in Civil affairs; that the Parliament he doubted not, would do them right, and satisfy their just desires: That for the calling in of the Secluded Members, the Parliament had already given judgement in that point, and they aught to acquiesce therein; But for the filling up the House, he told them it was now under deb●●● and doubted not but they should receive f●● satisfaction therein; and therefore 〈◊〉 exhorts them to attend with patien● the determinations of the House, an● not by any unseasonable importunity to disturb their Counsels, which might be a means to delay their satisfaction and the settlement of the Nation, whic● (said he) was now intended, and rea●● to be effected.  
From Devonshire also (though fa● remote out of his way) he receive● the like Address (one of the first tha● were tendered to him) wherein after complaint made of their greivances▪ they earnestly desire the calling in o● the secluded Members. But to them (being his Countrymen, and some of them near allied to him) he returns by way of answer, a courteous Letter; wherein amongh other things he tells them, that the calling in of the secluded Members could not safely be yielded to, most of them being known to be Assertors of Monarchy; He gives them several Reasons, showing, that as the case of affairs now stood, Monarchy was utterly inconsistent with this Nation: That a Republic or Free State was the only Government, wherein the several interests of the Nation, both Ecclesiastical and Civil might be best preserved: And therefore in the conclusion, he desires them that by their impatiencies they would not obstruct the Parliaments consultations, otherwise (says he) our peace will be so much the longer a stranger to us, and we thereby made a prey to ourselves and foreign enemies. This was from Leicester, Jan. 23. and soon after this Letter was printed and published by the Parliament Intelligencer.  
Thus giving fair and plausible answers to all such as addressed themselves unto him, he marches along and comes to Saint Alban's about the latter end of January; where still Addresses are made to him out of Suffolk, Norfolk and other places, which receive the like answers that others did. But these Addresses (ye must know) were also tendered to the Parliament, though some that tendered them, were clap● by the heels for their pains (as the Berk-shire Gentlemen) and others threatened; whereas Watermens o● London, for a congratulatory Address made to them at the same time, received the solemn thanks of the House.  
While he was at Saint Alban's, some Aldermen and Common-Council men, are sent to him from the City o● London, to congratulate his coming and court him; but are returned as formerly, with thanks for their respects.  
From Saint Alban's he removes t● Barnet, where he makes a stay, refusing to come to London, until Lambert's Soldiers were out of the City Meantime Saint James' House is appointed for his Lodging, and th● Custody of the Park is voted to him, to hold during the pleasure of the Parliament, with some other like honours, a magnificent Reward for such an undertaking.  
The Soldiers that were late Lamberts, being voided the City, Monk and his Army marches to London, on Friday, February 3. and is lodged at White-Hall, at whose coming, there is great joy and triumphing all over the City.  
On Wednesday following, Febr. 8. The City continuing still in their refractoriness and opposition to the Parliament, they meet in Common-Council, and there pass a Vote or Order, Not to pay or levy any Taxes, until such time as they may have a full and free Parliament: For hitherto you must know, the Rump had not agreed upon qualifications for filling up the House; and many thought they never intended it; but only to establish themselves in perpetual authority.  
Upon this Vote or Resolve of the Common-Council, the Rump are highly offended, and sand a strict order to Monk to march the next day with his Army into the City; To pull up their chains and posts, to break down the gates and portcullis of the City; to imprison forwith in the Tower divers Aldermen and Commoners, that were conceived to be chief active in passing those Votes. This command of theirs, Monk executes next day, Febr. 9 to the great terror and amazement, not only of the City, but of the whole Nation and Kingdom, when they heard the report of it: All hearts are saddened, and now most men conclude, that Monk is not the man designed of God for the delivery of this oppressed Nation.  
The Gentlemen in the several Counties that had subscribed and tendered their Addresses and Declarations, begin now to fear their own Stakes; there being in some of their Declarations, expressions against paying taxes without a free Parliament: It had (I must tell also you) before this, been moved in the House, that those Gentlemen that tendered these Addresses, might be sequestered; yet at that time, it was carried in the Negative. They had cause to fear also, that if they intended at all to fill up the House by new Elections, they would impose such qualifications, as should exclude all such Gentlemen in all Counties, as either subscribed or delivered these Addresses: and so the greatest part by far of the Gentry of England, would be made incapable of serving their Country, and consequently the filling up of the House by such a choice, as would than be allowed, would be but a means further to enslave both themselves and their Posterities.  
For these and the like considerations, they had some thoughts and resolutions in most Counties (as it was reported) to second their Addresses or Declarations with Arms, thereby to vindicate their Native Rights from the oppression of a Combination of Tyrants, who had a long time usurped the supreme power of the Nation, and were now perpetuating that usurpation upon the freeborn people, to their utter slavery and oppression. And it was verily conceived, that had not the face of affairs suddenly changed, by Monks unhooding himself, the whole Kingdom would soon have been put into a general flame of combustion: for the City of London, by this late affront, were rather incensed than awed: though their Gates and Portcullesses were broken, yet their hearts and courages remained entire, and were the more confirmed and hardened: and had the Counties unanimously risen, it is like the Londoners would not have sit still: for the whole Kingdom was generally exasperated against the Rump; and the dispersed soldiers of Lambert's Army, not knowing where to quarter, nor how to live, might probably be thought willing to adhere to any party, that were in a capacity to entertain them with pay.  
The Rump (as it is conceived) by putting Monk upon that base employment, of being their City-Scavenger, had a design not only to terrify and kerb the City, but also to make Monk and his Army odious and irreconcilable to them, whereby they might engage him hereafter more firmly to themselves.  
Monk having thus executed the Commands of the Rump, he is troubled in his mind at it. And upon Saturday following, Febr. 11. he draws his Army into Finsbury Fields, and sending for the Lord Mayor and some of the chief Citizens, he had some discourse with them: And presently after, he writes a Letter to the Parliament, as from Whitehall, wherein he tells them, that he had done their commands, though not without some regret; never any such thing having in all these late troubles, been done to that City, so eminent for the assistance and adherency to Parliamentary Authority; He minded them, that the end of his coming and first undertaking, as appears in his Declaration, was not only to preserve them in their present power, but to vindicate the liberties and privileges of Parliaments, with the Native rights and freedom of the people; That he observed that some persons impeached of high Treason, were yet suffered to sit in the House: That Lambert, Sir Henry Vane and others, persons of dangerous principles, and highly guilty of the late dissension of the Army, and of the horrid force put upon the Parliament, were yet suffered to be in and about the City: That though they had voted the continuance of the settled maintenance of Ministers, yet they were now upon contriving of another engagement that would force many of the most conscientious of them, from the enjoyment of their Means: That there had been too many oaths already imposed upon the Nation, and that they had more need to mourn for the breach of oaths, than to impose new ones. And that he observed, that those men were most forward to impose oaths, who made lest conscience of keeping them: He minded them also of a Petition of dangerous consequence, that they had lately received and countenanced from the Fanatic party. These and some other grievances he complains of, and than adds his humble desires, that they would by Friday following issue out Writs for filling up their House by new Elections, with due and reasonable qualifications; And that they would put a certain and speedy period to their present sitting, whereby the People may enjoy the benefit of successive Parliaments, which is (saith he) the undoubted right of the English Nation. And in the pursuance of these things, he wil● not fail to stand by them and assist them to the utmost of his power with all fidelity. To this effect (as I remember) was his Letter signed by himself and the chief Officers of his Army, as from Whitehall, Febr. 11.  
This highly pleased and rejoiced the Londoners, and made full satisfaction for the former rigidity done them: Monk herein granting the full of what they formerly desired or expected from him. It was as great cause of joy to the whole Kingdom, as to the City. All that Saturday afternoon, there was Ringing, and Bonfires, and triumphing, till twelve of the clock at night, and feasting Monks Officers and Soldiers with wine and good cheer; nothing was too dear for them At Norwich and in all places of the Kingdom, at the first report of the News, there was the like rejoicing and triumphing, in hope of a free Parliament. So much was the Rump in the affections of the people, as they desired nothing more than to be rid of them.  
Soon after Monk had thus declared himself, and joined with the City and whole Kingdom in their just desires, The secluded Members (who a great many of them had been all this time in and about London) addressed themselves to him: he desires a conference to be had between them and some of the Rump: they meet ten in number of either side, to argue and debate the business: One challenging admission as Members of the House, and unjustly before excluded: the other refusing to admit them, unless they will confirm all that was done since their exclusion as just and lawful, or at leastwise engage (as themselves had done) against a single Person or House of Lords. Two several meetings they had about this debate, but could not agreed.  
A day or two after, Monk calls the secluded Members alon●, and demands of them, if they were still firm an● constant in their resolution of not engaging against a single Person; the● answer him, yea; and that they are immovable in that resolution. Whereupon he calls them altogether, a matte● of fourscore of them (almost twic● the number of those that sat) goe● along with them, and puts them into the , to sit with th● rest of the Members, Febr. 21. bein● Tuesday: having first delivered t● some of the Rump, a paper written t● prevent mistakes, wherein he declares That after several debates had between them, he had now received fuller satisfaction from those worth● Gentlemen that were secluded formerly: But he yet expressed his own private opinion and judgement, to be fo● a Commonwealth or free State, an● gave some reasons for it.  
The secluded Members being thu● restored, who had for eleven years' an● more been kept out from discharging their trust, there is great rejoicing and triumphing again both in London and all parts of the Kingdom, with Ringing and Bonfires making, etc. but some of the Rump upon their restoring, (it is said) withdrew and would sit not more.  
Presently after their restoring, they vote Monk to be General of all the forces of England, Scotland and Ireland, Sir William Waller (one of the secluded Members, to be Leiutenant-General, and Rossiter a Lincolnshire Gentleman, (and one that had formerly served the Parliament) to be General of the Horse. They constitute Montagu to be Admiral at Sea, instead of Lawson; and they appoint a new Council of State. Soon after they make an Act for settling the Militia of the Kingdom, together with some Acts concerning Ministers. And taking order for calling of a new Parliament to convene at Westminster, April 25. they dissolve themselves on Friday the 16th of March.  
And thus by God's great blessing we have lived to see an end of th●● unhappy long Parliament, that ha●● been the cause of misery and calamit● to these three late flourishing Kingdoms, for these nineteen years' an● more last past. And all this brought to pass without one drop of bloodshed, by the prudent and politic conduct of General Monk, who with 〈◊〉 small Army (an handful of men i● comparison) not past four thousan● foot and eighteen hundred horse, and those not very well accommodated 〈◊〉 marched from Berwick through th● heart of England, to the City of London without the lest opposition, an● at length gained the power and command of that opulent and potent City: Lambert's Army being at leas● twelve or thirteen thousand men, wel● horsed and well appointed, breaking in pieces and mouldering away in 〈◊〉 moment; the Troops and Companies marching from place to place where they might found quarter, till afterwards most of them (their Officers cashiered) were received and listed under the command of General Monk.  
Afterwards by degrees he purges his Army, putting out all Anabaptists, Quakers, and other fanatics, both Officers and common Soldiers, as they are or can be discovered, both in the Army and Garrisons, and placeth others in their steads. Overton a fifth Monarchy-man, who pretended to hold Hull for the Lord Jesus Christ, was yet notwithstanding commanded to surrender it to Mr. Charles Fairfax, a Yorkshire Gentleman, which accordingly he did: and the like was done in all other Garrisons, the Army-men displaced, and Gentlemen of the Country, or other confiding persons put in their steads.  
Soon after the putting in of the secluded Members, Lambert is committed to the Tower: Haselrig, Scot, and others are under examination, but dismissed, upon their promise or engagement to demean themselv● peaceably.  
Lambert not long after finds means to escape out of the Tower, and abou● the middle of April, or soon after, appears in Arms about Northampton in the head of a party, many of th● cashiered Officers and Soldiers of th● Fanatic and discontented party, being got together. And it is generally conceived, that all the Anabaptists Quakers, and other factious people in all parts of the Kingdom, had a design to have risen and joined with him, had he not been timely suppressed. But Colonel Ingoldsby being sent against him with a party, he surrounds them all, (being not above five or six hundred); whereupon most of the common Soul●iers come in, and yield themselves; and Lambert with some Commanders are taken upon the place, without a stroke striking, only a scout of Lamberts (they say) was slain. Colonel Okey and some others escaped by flight.  
Lambert being thus taken, is brought to London together with Colonel Cobbet, Mayor Creed, and young Haselrig, Sir Arthurs Son. These were all brought up in a Coach through Hide Park; on Tuesday, April. 29. what time there was the greatest general Muster of Citizens that ever was seen in or near London: Of trained men and Auxiliaries there were at lest twenty thousand (some say thirty thousand) men in Arms; Some of the Nobility, and many Gentlemen of quality trailing pikes voluntarily amongst them. The Prisoners brought through the Army, and sufficiently hooted at, they afterwards drove the Coach under Tyburn, and there made a stand. This was done (I s●●pose) to mind them of th●●● destiny, or at lest of their dese●●● and to disgrace them, who ha●● so long time insulted and domineered over the Nobility, Gentry and Commonalty of the Kingdom. A just reward to use the● uncivilly, who had so barbarously abused both King and People.  
The Parliament according t●● Appointment, began at Westmi●ster, April the twenty fifth, th● House of Commons being electe● and called by Writs, issuing out in the name of the Keeper's o● the Liberties of England, by authority of Parliament, (a Title invented presently upon the chang● of the Government from a Monarchy to a Commonwealth in the year one thousand six hundred for●● eight) the Lords and Peers of the upper House taking their places by virtue of their birthrights and ancient dignities.  
Soon after the sitting of the Parliament, there arrived at London, the Lord Mordant and Sir John Greenvile with a Declaration from his Majesty, as also several Letters. One to the House of of P●ers; another to the House of Commons; a third to the Lord Mayor, aldermans and Common Council of the City of London; and a fourth to General Monk, to be by him communicated to the Council of State, and to the Officers of the several Armies under his Command: which Declaration and several Letters from his Majesty, were presented according to their several directions, May the first.  
In his Declaration, he offers 〈◊〉 1. A general Pardon to all of a●● sorts, excepting only such as th● Parliament should think fit to except: provided, that they sue ou● their Pardons under the great Sea● of England, within forty daye● after the publication thereof.  
2. He offers a Liberty to tender Consciences for matters of Religion so far forth as the Parliament should think fit; and to consent to such an Act as the Parliament for that purpose shall tender to his Majesty.  
3. For the sales and purchases of Lands made since these late troubles, he is willing to leave it to the determination of Parliament, whom he presumes best able to provide for the satisfaction of all such as are concerned therein.  
And Lastly, he promiseth full satisfaction of Arrears to all Officers and Soldiers of General Monck's Army, and to receive them into his service upon as good pay and conditions, as they now enjoy. This was the sum of his Declaration, published at Breda, April 14. 1660. in the twelfth year of his Majesty's Reign.  
This Declaration together with his several Letters , were highly accepted. The Lord Mayor, aldermans and Common Council, after the reading of them, cried out unanimously, God save King Charles; and presently took down the Commonwealth's Arms that hung in the Guild-hall, and (as they say) broke them in pieces, ordering the King Arms to be hung up in their place, and gave solemn thanks by their Recorder to his Majesty's Messengers.  
The Lords received their Lette● by the Lord Mordant, with the li●●● joy and loyal affection. The Hou●● of Commons having read their Le●ter and the Declaration, voted 〈◊〉 satisfactory; and presently vote● the Government of the Nation t● be in his Majesty, as the rightful an● undoubted heir of the three Nations of England, Scotland and Ireland; They ordered also 〈◊〉 Committee to meet for drawing up a Letter of thanks to his Majesty for his most gracions Declaration: And to Sir John Greenvile who delivered the Letter, they gave five hundred pound as a gratuity to buy him a Jewel.  
Both they and the Lords further ordered, that six of the upper House, and fifteen of the House of Commons should be forthwith sent to his Majesty, to invite and attend him into to England. Montague the Admiral at Sea is commanded to wait upon him, with a Squadron of Ships, and fifty thousand pound is ordered for his Majestjes expenses, as also ten thousand pound to the Duke of York, and five thousand pound to the Duke of Gloucester.  
The Letter also and Declaration to the Army, gave no lesser satisfaction both to the General, Officer's and Soldiers; they all unanimously owning his Majesty in an high degree.  
On Tuesday the eighth of May, the King was solemnly proclaimed in London, with the greatest expressions and acclamations of Joy that possibly could be; and the like was soon after done in all Counties, Cities, Corporations, and inlet Towns all over England. No King ever coming to his Throne, with 〈◊〉 great satisfaction and rejoicing of the People; thereby giving an evident Demonstration to the world, that i● was not the People of England, not the Parliament or Representative● of the People, but only a factious and seditious party, encouraged and supported by a perfidious and traitorous Army, that murdered the late King, disinherited his children, and overthrew the ancient Fundamental and well constituted government of the Nation, turning it from a Monarchy to a Commonwealth; and thereby occasioned these horrid confusions, and frequent changes and reel of Government, that afterwards ensued, to the high reproach and dishonour of the English Nation. For no sooner were the People and Parliament of England, by the mercy of God, delivered from the vassalage of an imperious and domineering Army, and put in a condition of freedom, but they presently return to their Allegiance, and call in the undoubted Heir of the Crown, submitting to his Government, with the greatest cheerfulness and rejoicing that could be imagined.  
And thus God who only doth wonders, hath wrought wonderfully for this sinful Nation, turning our Captivity, as the Rivers in the South, smoothly, gently, calmly, without any tumult or torrent, after so many horrid confusions, as we have lain under for so many years together, even to the wonder and astonishment, not only of ourselves, but of all the Neighbour Nations round about us; who must needs acknowledge in our behalf, (as was sometimes done in the case of Israel,) that the Lord hath done great things for them; and we must needs with the Israelites answer, by way of echo, Yea the Lord hath done great thing for us already whereof we rejoice, Psalm 126. The People of England were never conceived or reported to be so much against their King, as now they manifestly appear to be for him; even all of all sorts, but such only whose guilt makes them desperate, like Cain, thinking their wickedness greater than can be forgiven. And here for a conclusion, we may fitly and truly (in a sense) take take up that saying of the Psalmist, and apply it to the present occasion: The same stone which the bvilders refused, is become the headstone of the Corner: This is the Lords doing, and it is marvellous in our eyes.  
To the same God be Glory for his great and Glorious Work. May 21. 1660.  
FINIS.   

Books printed for Robert Gibb● at the Ball in Chancery Lane.  
STemma Sacrum, The Royal Progeny, by Giles Fleming, Minister o● Waddingworth in the County of Lincoln.  
Epinicia Carolina, or an Essay upon the Return of his sacred Majesty, Charles the second; by S. Woodford Gent. quarto.  
The blessed Estate of them that die in the Lord; by Tho. Manton Minister of Covent-Garden, preached at the Funeral of Mrs. Jane Blackwell, Wife of Elidad Blackwell.  
An hundred choice Meditations Divine and Moral; by Henry Tubb M. A. of Saint John's College in Cambridge.  
Sensuality dissected, or the Epicure's Motto, opened, censured, improved, preached at the Kentish Feast.  
The Saints Gods precious Treasure, being a Sermon preached at the Funeral of Darcy Wyvil Esq  Son to the truly honourable Sir Christopher Wyvil.  
The Excellent Woman a Sermon at the Funeral of Mrs. Elizabeth Scot  
The vanity of glorying in the flesh, in a Sermon preached at the Funeral of Kingswel Lucy Esq These four Sermons all preached by Tho. Case Minister of Saint Giles in the Fields, and may be bound in one volume in 120.   

Fundamentum Patriae: OR, ENGLAND's Settlement: BEING A VIEW OF The STATE of AFFAIRS In this Kingdom, Since his Majesty's Restoration, to the year 1665.  
LONDON: Printed for Thomas Rooks, at the Lamb and Ink-bottle at the East-end of S. Paul's. 1665.   

A Brief View of England's Settlement, after the Troubles, and Confusions, began, and occasioned by the Prevalent Faction of the Long Parliament, being the National History continued from the Restauration of His most Sacred Majesty King CHARLES the Second, to the beginning of the year 1663.  
THe face of Things began to look towards a settlement upon General MONK 's auspicious closure with the City of LONDON; 
1660. Apr. 25.  & fairer hopes of Peace appeared upon his restoring the Secluded Members, and their Votes for their own dissolution, and the speedy calling of a Free Parliament: but when, according to appointment, it began at Westminster on April the twen●● fifth, the House of Commons being electe● and called by Writs issued out in the Na●● of The Keepers of the Liberties of ENGLAND by authority of Parliament; a●● the Lords and Peers of the upper-house resuming their ancient Birthrights, and hereditary Privileges; the Expectations of 〈◊〉 men, as well as Their Desires, who wishe● well to the Prosperity of the Nation, was that its settlement would be most surely an● steadfastly founded in the Restauration 〈◊〉 their Native Prince, His now most Sacred Majesty, to those His undoubted Prerogatives, and Rights, which hitherto He ha● Himself been unjustly kept from by rebellious Usurpation, and for the maintenance whereof, and the Subjects just Liberties, H●● Royal Father had fell a blessed Martyr, an● glorious Sacrifice. While this restori●● the King was, in all wise Patriots opinion the oneliest Expedient, and surest Founda●● on for settlement of the Kingdom, other wise now drawing on to a fatal Period, an● almost breathless; yet so general a stain o● Delinquency had sullied the face of the who●● Nation, what by rebellious Actings, unwo●● thy Compliances, or cowardly Submission that they thought it needful at the fa●●● time to restore the King His Crown and Dignity, and be by Him restored in Blood themselves. So formal an Attainder did the Parliament pass on the Nation's late rebellious Enormities. And this made way for consulting how to procure from His Majesty at His return for all former misdeeds His Gracious Impunity. But the Royal Favour prevents them suddenly by a Declaration sent from Breda by the Lord Viscount Mordant, and Sir John Greenvil (now Earl of Bath) accompanied with a Letter to the House of Peers; another to the House of Commons; a third to the Lord Mayor, aldermans, and Common-Council of the City of LONDON; a fourth to General MONK, to be by him communicated to the than Council-of-State (whereof he was a Member) and the Officers of the respective Armies under his command. The Royal Declaration, and these Letters were, according to the Directions, and Orders, which they had received from His Majesty, presented severally on the first of May following. 
May 1.  The substance of all which, and the general applause and acceptance they met with respectively from the whole Body of the Nation, being given you in the former part of this History, it shall suffice in brief therefore here only to say, that the issue a●● product of the general joy thence conceiv●● was, that the House of Lords thereon Res●ved upon eight Lords to join in a Committee with the like number of Commons, 〈◊〉 take into consideration such things, as mig●● orderly tend to the good and necessary en● of obtaining the King's return again u●● His People, whereby the Breaches might made up, and a firm Peace settled; and wit● all to frame a Letter of Thanks and A●● knowledgment to His Majesty for His G●●cious Letter and Declaration. The Comm●● on their part appointed a Committee 〈◊〉 the same ends also, and having ordered 〈◊〉 John Greenvil 500 l. to buy him a Jewel a● Testimony of the respects of that Ho●●● to him, and as a Badge of Honour for brining them so Gracious a Message from 〈◊〉 Majesty, it was left to the Council-of-St●●● to see it paid; and referred by a Committ●● to the City to consider how 50000 〈◊〉 might be speedily raised, and presented 〈◊〉 Majesty, and a further sum to gratify 〈◊〉 Army; 
May 2.  who on the day following present their General MONK an Address in t●● name of themselves and their Brethrens, 〈◊〉 stifying their compliance with, and submission to the products of the Parliament Counsels, and their acquiescency in His majesty's Declaration.  
On the third of May also General Mon●ague, 
May 3.  and the whole Fleet under his Command, having received and read a Letter directed to General Monk and himself, together with His majesty's Gracious Message, and His Royal Declaration, submitted unanimously.  
This new face of the public Affairs caused Easter-Term to be adjourned till Quin●ue Pasche, which was on the eighth of this Month of May. The day before, 
May 7.  King CHARLES the First his Statue, which had ●een thrown down by the violent & traitorous Defacers as well of the living Patterns, ●s the senseless Monuments of Monarchy, was set up again in Guild-Hall-yard, and a●ew restored. And about this time the General Convention in Ireland declared their Detestation of the unjust Proceed against ●is late Royal Majesty King CHARLES the ●irst in the pretended High-Court-of-Justice.  
And now, after so long domestic Trou●ies, besides those foreign ones, which the usurper's Policy had involved the Nation ●n, to secure his own single more than the public Interest, the voice of Peace and Gladness seemed to be returning again to the English Borders; while, besides t●● hopes of an home Tranquillity, a daily ●●crease of Trade was expected both Inwa●● and Outward: a mutual discharge of P●●soners both on our and the Spanish part being agreed on, and signed by the Lord General MONK, and the Marquis de Car●cena; and accordingly the Spanish Prisone● were on the tenth of May discharged fro● Chelsey-College, 
May 10.  and the Commissioners f●● the Admiralty and Navy Ordered to p●● the rest of the Agreement in speedy exe●●tion. But, His Majesty being not yet actually returned, and that Faction, whose Interests at first involved the Nation in bloo● still endeavouring to keep it so, rath●● than to admit His most Sacred Majesty 〈◊〉 those Rights, and Privileges, the than Representative Power of the Nation had declared His; since the horrid guilt of the● Crimes, and Treasons, did make them d●● spair of ever obtaining either Pardon, 〈◊〉 Impunity, though from the meekest a●● mildest of Kings; the Lords and Commo●● Assembled in Parliament, to prevent tho●● Tumults, Riots, Outrages, and Misdemea●● ours, which might be attempted by su●● unquiet and discontented spirits, to the disturbance of the Public Peace, and the ●●menting New Troubles, did on Monday, May the seventh, by Proclamation Order, 
May 7.  and Declare, That all Sheriffs, Justices of the Peace, Mayor, Constables, and other Ministers of Public Justice, that were in Office on the twenty fifth day of April, 1660, should be continued in their respective Offices, and exercise the same in the King's majesty's Name, and Style, and use their best endeavours to suppress, and prevent all Riots, Tumults, unlawful Assemblies, and Misdemeanours whatsoever against the Laws and Peace of the Realm, and all Treasonable and Seditious Words, Reports, and Rumours against His majesty's Royal Person and Authority, and proceed against all Offenders therein according to Law and Justice. And for the better enabling them to effect the same, all Military Officers, and Soldiers, and all others, were by the same Proclamation enjoined to be aiding and assisting to them therein. The Civil Magistrate being thus empowered for the preserving the Public Peace, now in so fair a way of settlement, from infringement by any Insurrections whatever; and the Military Forces of the City-Trained-Bands and Auxiliaries appearing both so numerous and unanimous at their Rendezvouz in Hyde-park, on Tuesday the twenty fourth of April last pa●● where they were drawn forth according 〈◊〉 an Order of the Council-of-State; and th●● Commissioners for attending His Majesty both from the House of Lords, the Common● and the City, with their several respecti●● Answers to His Royal Letter, and humb●● Thanks for His Gracious Declaration, bein● nominated and agreed on, and Present provided to be sent by them to the KING and His two most Royal Brothers, JAME● Duke of YORK, and HENRY Duke 〈◊〉 GLOUCESTER: on Tuesday, May th● eighth, 
May 8.  His Sacred Majesty, with th● greatest signs of Affection and Loyalty from Persons of all Degrees, Qualities, an● Sex, was solemnly Proclaimed in the Citie● of London and Westminster, according t● the ancient Ceremonies; and, within 〈◊〉 short time after, all the rest of the Kingdo● over, with the like Demonstrations either of a joyful Acceptance, or a quiet Submission at lest, and Acquiescency. And now the next Votes of the Houses were (wh●● the regular course of Affairs itself dictated) for His speedy return to the Parliament, an● the executing of His Kingly Office. An● by other Orders in the interim the Arms o● the Commonwealth veil in all Courts of Justice, and other Public places both at Land and Sea, and give place to the Ensigus Royal; the Ministers likewise, who hitherto, either for fear, or disaffection, had discontinued, and left of that solemnest piece of Apostolic and Primitive Devotion of praying for their Lawful Magistrate and Sovereign, were now enjoined in their Public Prayers to pray for the KING's most Excellent Majesty by the Name of Our Sovereign Lord CHARLES by the Grace of God of Engl●nd, Scotland, France, and Ireland, King, Defender of the Faith, etc. and for the most Illustrious Prince JAMES Duke of YORK, and the rest of the Royal Progeny; while Dr. Matthew Griffith, and several others, who had been before secured for promoting and preaching-up the Regal Interest, were discharged, and set again at liberty. All Proceed whatever in all particular Courts of Judicature, and elsewhere, were next Ordered to be in His majesty's Name: and a Committee appointed to consider of the Manner of His return, and to prepare all things necessary for His reception; which was afterwards referred to the Council-of-State.  
On Thursday, being the tenth of May, 
May 10.  both Houses kept a day of solemn Thanksgiving for the deliverance of the Nati●● from that Oppression, that it had so lo●● groaned under; which being performed according to the ancient Discipline of th● Church of England, and His Majesty prayed-for in public before them according 〈◊〉 their late Resolves; the Commons after wards, both Houses being sat, Ordere● That those Opprobrious Badges, known 〈◊〉 the name of the Scotch Colours, which the Usurper had caused to be hanged up i● Westminster-Hall in memory of the Defe● given the Army under the Command 〈◊〉 Duke Hamilton on the seventeenth of A●gust 1648, should be forthwith taken down which was done accordingly. Than, having passed Instructions for the Commissioners, who were to carry the Letters to H●● Majesty both from the Lords and Commons which were together with the Letters delivered to Denzil Hollis Esq (one of th● Commissioners from the House of Commons, and since by His majesty's especial favour, on April the twentieth 1661. created Baron Hollis of Ifeld) on the eleventh and twelfth the said Commissioners, together with those from the City, began their journey towards His Majesty, whose Names 〈◊〉 here insert for the preservation (as f●r as ●●mellies) of that Honour, which was than justly done to Persons so happily instrumental in the settling both of the King's Person, and the Kingdom's Peace. For the House of Lords went the Earls of Middlesex, and Warwick, with the Lord Brooks, Lord Viscount Hereford, and Lord Barkley: Dr. Charlton was appointed their Physician. The House of Commons was represented by the Lords Fairfax, Bruce, Falkland, Castleton, Herbert, and Mandevil; to whom were added Sir Horatio Townshend, Sir Anthony Ashley-Cooper, Sir George Booth, Sir John Holland, Sir Henry Cholmley, and the forenamed Denzil Hollis Esquire. The Commissioners for the Honourable City of London, were Sir James Bunce Baronet, Alderman Langham, Alderman Reynardson, Alderman Brown, Sir Nicholas Crisp, Alderman Thompson, Alderman Frederick, Alderman Adams, Recorder wild, Alderman Robinson, Alderman Bateman, Alderman Wale, Theophilus Biddolph, Richard Ford, William Vincent, Thomas Bludworth, William Bateman, John Lewes, Esquires, Mayor Chamberlain, and Colonel Bromfield. 
May 11, 12.  Of the Commissioners of the Lords and Commons part began their journey on the eleventh, and the residue set forward in a costly Brigandine on the twelfth; at what time those 〈◊〉 the City began in Coaches their progress also. Sir John Greenvil, having taken hi● leave of both Houses, his Excellency, and the City, had returned a day or two before, to attend the service of His Sacred Majesty. These being thus dispatched on their Message, the two Houses next care was for the securing the Public Peace until His majesty's arrival, or that His Pleasure were farther known. To which end also the Council-of-State was very diligent in the Commitment and Examinations of all Persons, who seemed any way disaffected: while some Magistrates also, known Abettors of, and Actors in most of the usurper's Counsels, and whom the Declaration of May the seventh  had continued in their respective Offices, were as earnest and busy herein, as the most truly Loyal; hoping perhaps, that, if they could make a discovery of other men's guilt, it would be a sufficient Atonement for their own former Delinquency. But the prudent Parliament taking into their consideration the preparing Bills in order to the making & drawing up of an Act of Oblivion, which His Majesty promised, in His Declaration from Breda, that He would pass with the Royal Assent for all but His Father's Murderers; they, having first heard the whole Proceed of that pretended Trial read, made an advised progress in the Exemption of those blackest Traitors from all Impunity. Yet, while they intended the Exemplary punishment of the Actors and Designers of so horrid and execrable a Barbarism, as the Murder of His late Majesty was, they proceeded cautiously withal, to prevent new dangers, and disturbances, which might arise from a jealousy thence enkindled in the breasts of others, whose Actions or Compliances might, if not remitted, and forgiven them by the Royal Clemency, tender them likewise criminal. Of this sort some few, both in the City, and other the remoter parts of the Nation, had about this time attempted some Bustle, and designed some mad kind of private Rising; having provided Saddles, and Arms, to furnish out those Horses they could feloniously catch napping at Grass, or burglarily fetch out of the Owners Stables. So certain is it, that 
n =" *" 1 Sam. xv. 22.  Rebellion is as the sin of Witchcraft; and that there is a complication of all Crimes else, where Treason is Head and Leader. But this was but a shallow Design, and truly fanatical; the vigilancy of the Council-of-State over the City, and of those other Honourable Personages the respective Countries were for th●●●●sent put under, and entrusted with, pr●●●●●ting them both in the one place, an●●●e other. Another party of them, wh● either had received of their fellow-Traitor● as the reward of their Treason, some portion of the Crown or Church-Lands; or els● by a just Providence were suffered to purchase at low and under-rates a Canker to their whole Estates, as a worthy guerdon o●● their sacrilegious Covetise, seeing the Stream bend against them, and the Tide retiring from their Mills, bethought themselves of acting more politicly than the others that were the madder did, to hazard their lives by a new Rebellion for to secure to themselves Es●●●●o unjustly gotten: but held it the betschart of Prudence, to make Hay rather w●●● the Sun shone; and accordingly fallen to devastation of the Woods and Timber, the committing of Waste, and other illegal practices, in those Houses, and on those Lands, which they did for that present time enjoy, but knew e'er long they must unwillingly part withal. To redress which Grievances, and remedy so injurious Actings, a Military Power was not so proper as some wholesome and timely Orders of Parliament: which the House of Lords did ●ssue out, to put a stop to the demolishing, defacing, or committing Waste, in any Houses, or Lands, belonging to the King's Majesty; and that no Wood, or Timber should be felled, and what was already felled, and remained there, should not be thence removed, until the pleasure of both Houses were further signified concerning the same. Whereunto the Commons also on the seventeenth of May concurred, 
May 17.  until further Order came from His Majesty.  
And now they seemed at some leisure to proceed in the Bill of Assessments, which appeared to be of highest necessity at that present. But, amidst that Debate, one Resolve passed them, though not of so absolute a public concernment, yet doubtless of very great Piety, Charity, and Justice; yea, and I may add Prudence too: for, since the Exchequer was now anew to be sanctified (as I may say) and restored to its primitive use of supplying the true and lawful Sovereign, it was highly fit, that it should be purged first from their sacrilegious defilements, who had indeed made it sacred, but, in that same sense, as the Heathen Poet termed their beloved Gold so. And this the Commons on Friday May the eleventh effected, 
May 11.  whereby they voted back the repayment thence of seven thousand nine hundred seventy and eight pounds eight shillings and nine pence; which, being former●● collected under pretence of the relief of th● poor Protestants in Piedmont and Polan● the rapacious Talons of the late-chase Harpies had wrested from the hands of th● Treasurers (wherein it was entrusted for th● charitable purpose) and brought in thither to manage, and back the prosecution 〈◊〉 their own Designs. As if they could no● abuse the People's well-meant charity hig● enough; unless what they so freely had contributed to the supply of those, who distr●sedly survived those foreign Massacres, we● diverted and turned into a Subsidy rather 〈◊〉 hasten and help forward one at home: whi●● they should buy with their own mon● their own destruction at the hands of th●● Janissaries. Well therefore might that Honourable House, when they Voted, that o● of such moneys, as should come into th● said Receipt of Exchequer upon the moie● of the Excise, 2000 l. per mensem should b● repaid, until the whole were satisfied; an● whatever remained of the said moneys, 〈◊〉 collected for the relief of those distress● Protestants, in the hands of any Sheriffs, Collectors, should not be diverted by returns thither, but paid into the respective Treasurers for the same: Well might they than Declare withal their detestation and abhorrence of the diversion of the said money from the Charitable uses, to which it was originally intended.  
And, since Charity gins (as we say) at home, at this time, when they tendered so much the condition of the distressed Protestant abroad, upon the season 〈◊〉 Address of the Commissioners for the 〈◊〉 ●●●dom of Ireland to them, showing that, since His Majesty neither in His Gracious Letters, nor Declaration from Breda, had taken notice of that Kingdom, brought to great distraction and disorder by the late bloody Rebellion, and therefore standing in need of some to heal their Breaches, they humbly craved, that the two Houses would be pleased to grant them their assistance and concurrence to the King's Majesty, for the calling and holding a Parliament there, for the resettlement of that Kingdom: both Houses agreed to offer it as their Desire to His Majesty, that a speedy Convention of Parliament might be there had for the set●ing the distractions of that Nation; the Members whereof they desired withal might be Protestant's, both Peers and C●●mons.  
But, having thus dispatched Commissioners to entreat His majesty's return, an● taken all possible care, that it might be 〈◊〉 peace, it was fit next to provide for His reception, which a Committee of Lords w● appointed to consider of; who by seve● Orders empowered the respective Housekeepers of the Palaces Royal to require all 〈◊〉 habitant 〈◊〉 Lodgers (except his Excellency the 〈◊〉 General Monk) to quit the abode therein, in order to the fitting a●● preparing them for His majesty's entertainment. And indeed the stench of the Rebellion had so infected them, that it w●● but necessary to cleanse and air them, e●● they trusted His Royal Person amidst th● Infection, which had polluted the very Wa● and Fabrics: insomuch, that the ne● trimming was not more for decency, th● necessity-sake.  
And, that they might not (when cleansed) want their Furniture, some throug●● fear of guilt, and some to make their pea● up, and others out of pure and unspotted Loyalty, made daily Discoveries both of ●●veral sums of public money, that we●● concealed, and His majesty's Goods, whi●● had been embezzeled during the Rebellion.  
In the interim the only Thing of remark was the great Joy, and Acclamation, that was expressed every where in the respective Cities and Market-Towns at His majesty's being solemnly proclaimed therein; insomuch, that, when the expressions thereof by the public Bonfires, beaten of Drums, flourishing of Colours, Volleys of Shot, and the like, are considered, it must needs be acknowledged for the most universal joy, the Nation ever did, or could express: and the Bells rang every where such happy Changes, that, while some tolled His Majesty in, others chimed His welcome, and the Saints-bell minded all People to perform their Devotions for His welfare and prosperity; so that England might, if ever, now justly be termed the ringing Island: while Ireland, which had sometime before submitted in their Civil Power to His Majesty, and acquiesced in the sense of the English Parliament, came in with that Army to make up the consort and melody, by their professing all ready obedience to the Commands and Orders of his Excellency General Monk; so that even that Brigade, who but lately before under Lambert would have sold the Bells of all Churches as useless, having b●●ter bethought themselves, found them no● necessary, and themselves lay an helping hand to raise them, to declare their conte●● and satisfaction in His most Sacred Majesty's happy Restauration.  
The King in the mean while, together with His Brothers, the most Illustrious Princes, the Dukes of York and Gloucester, continued with their Sister the Princess Royal 〈◊〉 Her Palace in Breda: where hearing of th● approach of Dr. Clarges, who went ov●● thither to wait on his Majesty with His Brother his excellency's Letters, and willing to do him a particular Honour for his Relation's sake, and his own desert in being Instrumental in the ●●te so happy Change, H● sent the ●ord Gerard, with other Gentle m●● of ●●●●ted-chamber, and several Cou●●●●● 〈◊〉- Officers, with their Coaches ●nd Retinue, to receive him; upon who● after Audience He conferred the Honour o● Knighthood.  
And now when the other parts of Europ● perceived, that the late-distracted Englan● was come to her Senses again so far, and quit of that Frenzy, which her late Quack Reformers had put her in, and was willing to become a Patient under the Royal Physician, it was observable, that Heathen Persia did not alone adore the rising Sun, but Western Christendom too had a spice of that Devotion: while Spain and France congratulate His dawning Glories, and attend Him by their public Ministers, which appeared to be but His Parhelii; & the States-General, like the lesser Celestial Luminary, by their public Addresses and Respects to Him, sought to be enlightened by the communication of His splendour, and to feel from Him that cherishing warmth they had always found under the English Protection. Thus while the English Court (for that takes denomination still from the Residence of the Royal Majesty) was by Foreigners frequented daily, and they considered the order and discipline thereof, and the deportment of the English there, they quickly found, that the genuine Character of a true Englishman was thence to be taken, and neither from the exorbitant Faction, nor Rebellion.  
The Commons in England in the interim proceeded in the Bill of Oblivion, and Ordered, that John Bradshaw, Oliver Cromwell, Henry Ireton, and Thomas Pride, deceased, should be attainted of High-Treason for murdering of His majesty's Father of ever-blessed Memory: and the late S●●cretary Thurloe, that right-hand of Usupation, was committed to the custody of th● Sergeant-at-Arms upon an accusation of High-Treason; while all Books, Writings, and Records, that any way related to th● Public, were taken into safe possession, to prevent the embezelment thereof; but that they might give light in the revealing and discovery of the late Mysterious Cabal of Rebellion. At the same time also they appointed Alderman Langham to provide Robes of Ermine, and Alderman Viner 〈◊〉 Crown and Sceptre for His Majesty: whil● others by Order furnished Silks, Velvet, Linen, and whatever else was judged convenient for His Royal use. And, among the other Preparations for His return, the Galleries and Chapel at White-Hall, whose Fabric, as well as the Devotions formerly used therein, had suffered an Alteration under the Usurper, was restored to its pristine order and beauty, and its Innovations quite extirpated. Nor did the Maces, those Ensigns of Honour, formerly as venerable in this Nation as the Fasces among the Romans, want now any longer the restitution of the reverence due to them, and those formal Causes, which made them so, the Signature of the Royal Arms and Crown: of which Make two were by Order prepared; the one for the House, the other for the Council-of-State: who made good use both of that, and the Power they were entrusted with to conserve the Public Peace, in securing, and committing whoever had been active in helping on the Nation's former miseries, or were endeavouring to procure new disturbances; the seizure and commitment of which Persons by them was all approved of by the House; who likewise, to prevent the earthing of such Foxes, Ordered several Castles, and Fortifications, which might be most in danger of a surprisal by a Rebellious Party, to be dismantled, and demolished; and among others (with the consent of the Earl of Worcester, and the Lord Herbert, the Proprietaries thereof) Chepstow-Castle was slighted, and the Ammunition thereof disposed of by his Excellency.  
Other Orders the Houses passed still daily of smaller concernment, yet such as the necessity of the Times required; while the main of their Business was the preparing Bills for the Acts of Oblivion, & Assessment of 70000 l. per mensem, and 400000 l. to be raised by Poll, for His majesty's use, and in order to the payment of the Arrears of the Army and Navy, and the other pu●●lick Debts of the Nation: for which En● while they debated often in Grand Commi●●tees how to raise that money, it was but necessary Vote, that passed against th● transporting Bullion (which we our self so much needed) without the especial leav● of the House.  
The City in the interim were diligent i● keeping their own Peace within themselves▪ and chief busied themselves in several temporary Affairs in order to the receiving and entertaining of the Royal Presence at Hi● return: and all Things, as well as Persons seemed to tend to Himward, as their proper Centre, and place of Rest; while the General, and what other Members he should desire to accompany him, had th● leave of the House to attend Him at His Landing.  
The English Commissioners in the inter in arrive at the Hague, where the Earl of Oxford delivered the Message to His Majesty from the House of Lords, Denzil Hollis from the Commons, and the Recorder of London from the City: at which time the King conferred the Honour of Knighthood with the Lord Gerard's Sword on all the City-Commissioners. And now the States-General treated and entertained Him with ●he greatest expressions of Joy imaginable; ●nd had Audience several times of Him, to Whom they addressed in French, and He answered them in the same Language. But, ●o complete their Entertainments of Him, ●nd as the last Expressions of their Affections to Him, ere He took leave of their Country and Shipping for England, they received Him at a stately Feast in a large Room all lined with Glass, wherein a Canopy of State was hung over His head, with Crowns of Bays decked with Oranges, and Crystal Candlesticks standing round the Room. The State thereof was great, and highly magnificent, befitting the Personages of such great Princes, as were regaled thereat: where His Sacred Majesty sat at the upper end of the Table, His Royal Aunt the Queen of Bohemia on his right-Hand, and His Illustrious Sister the Princess Royal on His left; the Duke of York at the right-Hand of the side of the Table, the Duke of Gloucester at the left, and next him the Prince of Orange. The States of Holland supped bore together with His Majesty. One of the Courses was served up in Gold-plate, which was afterwards presented to the King, being valued at threescore thousand pounds. The Royal Banquet was flung on 〈◊〉 Ground, after which was variety of Mu●● Fire and Water-works, with several vo●● both of great and small Guns, the rep●● whereof was carried from one Port to a●●ther throughout all Holland. And, to 〈◊〉 a farther satisfaction to His Majesty, t●● presented to His Royal Cousin the Pri●● of Orange a full Confirmation of all ●●nours, and Profits, which His Father 〈◊〉 ever enjoyed. And, for a final Comp●●ment, they presented the King with a B●● which cost seven thousand pounds sterling and Table-linen to the value of a thousa●● pounds, and six hundred thousand Gild●●▪ This Royal Treatment of the State's be●● over, and accepted with as great a kind●● by His Majesty, as it was given by the● He made choice of eighty Gentlemen to 〈◊〉 of His Lifeguard under the command of t●● Lord Gerard; and, Monday and Tuesd●● following being spent by the Duke of Yo●● as Lord High-Admiral of England, in g●ving Orders to the Fleet for His Majesty's Reception, and the transporting of all His Retinue; 
May 23.  on Wednesday (May 23.) His Sacred Majesty, the Queen of Bohemia, the Princess Royal, the most Illustrious the Dukes of York and Gloucester, and the Prince 〈◊〉 Orange, went aboard General Mounta●● in the Ship formerly named the Naseby, ●●t now new-named by His Majesty the Royal-Charles; where, after a repast, the Queen of Bohemia, the Princess Royal, and the Prince of Orange having taken leave of His Majesty, they set sail for England; the King in the Royal-Charles, the Duke of York in the London, and the Duke of Gloucester in the James (formerly called the Swift-sure) at which time the Speaker likewise was new-named the Princess Mary. When, prosperous Winds filling those Sails, which conducted that Bark, that bore the British Caesar, and Great Britain's Fortune, 
May 25.  they came on the Friday following within sight of Dover about three of the clock in the morning. Of which his Excellency the Lord General Monk being advertised by an Express, he made such speed from Canterbury to kiss His Majestie's Hand, and tender Him all the dutiful respects of a Loyal Subject, that he arrived at Dover about one of the clock the same day. But, when His Majesty, with His two Illustrious Brothers, the Dukes of York and Gloucester, and many of His Nobles landed, about three in the afternoon, at the Beech near the Pier, it was admirable to behold the Best of Kings accounted it no diminution of His Majesty condescend to the embracing of the 〈◊〉 deserving of Subjects, and the most-deser●● Subject modestly to decline the suspicio●● any ostentation of Merit on his part f●●● the Best of Kings: while his Excellent kneeling with an humble prostration be●● Him, was taken up by His Majesty wit● affectionate Kisses, and Embracements, 〈◊〉 it had been a Courtesy of Favour, and 〈◊〉 of Duty, which was done Him by His Subject; with whom he walked up toward 〈◊〉 Coach, a Canopy being carried over 〈◊〉 Head, and a Chair-of-State by Him. 〈◊〉 which Passage the Mayor and Aldermen's Dover met Him, and made their duti●● Address by a short Speech unto Him; wh●● being ended, Mr. Redding, their Minist●● presented Him with a large Bible with Go● Clasps, a Gift, suitable to his Ministry Profession. Being come to His Coach, H●● Majesty and His Royal Brother the Duke 〈◊〉 York took one end, the Duke of Glocest●● and his Excellency the other, and the Duk● of Buckingham the Boot; all being attended by several Coaches with six Horses, and many on horseback. About two miles from Dover the King took Horse, the Duke's Royal on His right-Hand, and the General o● ●is left bareheaded; after whom followed the Duke of Buckingham and several of ●●e Nobility and Gentry uncovered: in ●hich progressive posture they arrived at Canterbury; where His Majesty met the Mayor, aldermans, and Recorder thereof, who, after a Speech made to Him, delivered 〈◊〉 Gold Tankard for a Present: after which ●hey conducted Him to the Palace, where He rested until Monday, 
May 28.  and than set forward on His journey for London.  
But, in the intermediate spaces of all this Glorious Reception, many signal Honours were conferred on several Persons by His Majesty, according to the merits of their Actings for His Restauration. But most remarkable was His conferring the Honour of being Companion of the most Noble Order of the Garter on his Excellency the Lord General Monk; at what time His Majesty Himself put the George on him, and the Dukes of York and Gloucester the Garter; all Three jointly testifying thereby the great sense and esteem They had of his Loyalty, and those successful Endeavours of his for their Return and Restitution. For the greater Solemnity of which Ceremony (as much as the inconveniences of Time and Place would permit) His Majesty made the Earl of Winchelsea and the Lord M●●●● Knights thereof likewise: his Excellen●● ●●ing made withal Captain-GENERA●● all the Land-Forces, Garrisons, Forts, 〈◊〉 Castles in England, Scotland, and Irel●●● and Master of the Horse to His Maj●●● Mr. William Morris, a Devonshire Ge●●●man, and related to the General, and 〈◊〉 great Confident in the menagery of 〈◊〉 great Affair of bringing in His Majesty, 〈◊〉 than also by Him Knighted, made on●● His Principal Secretaries-of-State, and to ●ther with his Excellency, the Earl of So●●●hampton, and Sir Anthony Ashley-Co●●●● sworn of His most. Honourable Privy C●●cil. Besides whom, in respect of the piacular Services performed to His Majesty 〈◊〉 late by each of them, Edward Massey 〈◊〉 (commonly called Major-General Mass●● John Robinson Esquire Alderman of the ●●ty of London, _____ Harvey, _____ Stufeley, Sir Edward Rossiter, Sir Ph●●● Howard, and Sir Robert Paston received 〈◊〉 Honour of Knighthood.  
The House of Commons in the interi●●● were debating concerning the public Affairs of the Kingdom, when they received 〈◊〉 Letter from His Majesty, signifying His 〈◊〉 ●ent to be at White-Hall on the Tuesday f●●lowing (May 29.) by eight of the clock, when He appointed the Lords to meet Him there. There were at this time also several Bills depending before them; as, 1. Concerning Excise and Customs, which way they might most advance the Trade of the Nation, 2. For continuance of Process and Judicial Proceed, 3. For confirmation of the Privileges of Parliament, Magna Charta, etc. 4. For keeping a perpetual Anniversary for a day of Thanksgiving to God for his great Mercy and Blessing to our Nations in the happy Restauration of His Majesty; and that the twenty-ninth day of May should be set apart for that purpose. But of these I shall give a farther Account, when they came to be passed as Acts at the concluding of that Sessions of Parliament. An Ordinance in the mean time passed both Houses for the Assessment of 7000 l. per mensem for three months, to commence from the twenty-fourth of June following. Three Proclamations also passed them: one, instead of a Declaration, concerning the Irish Rebels; another against Jesuits, Seminaries, Popish Recusants, etc. and a third for preventing of Forceable Entries, and to preserve the peace of the Kingdom. And at this time that most notorious Ch●at of all Cheats, the late- States Butterprint, call● by them the Great-Seal of ENGLAND being in the custody of the late Commissioners, was brought into the House, and the● broken at the Clerk's Table, and than re-●●livered to the Commissioners as their Fees.  
On Monday, 
May 28.  the twentyeight of May His Majesty, with His two Brothers, an● the rest of His Court, set forward fro● Canterbury, and came into Rochester abo●● five of the clock in the afternoon: where H● was entertained by Francis Clark Esquire in the House of Colonel Gibbon his Tenant▪ whence, after a little repast, He went t● Chatham, to view the Royal Sovereign, and the rest of His Ships: and, after He had vouchsafed to receive the Entertainment of a Banquet from Commissioner Pet, He returned to Rochester, where He supped, and graciously received at the hands of the Colonel a very dutiful Address, signed by him, and all the Officers of his Regiment, in behalf of themselves, and the Soldiers in it under their Command: and having rested there that night, the next morning He bestowed the Honour of Knighthood on Francis Clerk and William Swan Esquires, both Gentlemen of that County; and having courteously accepted a Basin and Ewer from the hands of the Mayor of the said City betwixt four and five a clock in the morning, being Tuesday (the most fortunate propitious day in the week for His Majesty, as having been voted, proclaimed, and reducted thereon) and the 29th of May the Anniversary of his Nativity and Restitution, departed thence the Militia-Forces of Kent lining the way, and the Maiden's strewing Herbs, and Hours, & the Towns he passed hanging out white Sheets. Being come to Dartford, the Officers of the several Regiments of Horse, presented an Humble and Loyal Address to him, declaring their cheerful Readiness to Sacrifice their Lives in defence of his Sacred Person and most miraculously restored Government: none of the lest wonders in this conjunction of so many suspendious changes of things and persons.  
At Black-heath, the Army was drawn up; and His Majesty passed by the head of every Division really expressing his Esteem of them, which was answered by loud acclamations. About one a clock His Majesty having been met with a party of Gentlemen Volunteers under the most Loyal Sir John Stavell, all clothed in white Doublets completely armed, arrived at St. George's Fields where the Lord Mayor and Aldermen were in a Tent ready to receive Him, attended with 600 of the prime Citizen's i● Velvet Caps, and Gold Chains, on horseback; The Sword being there delivered him, he returned it. Knighted Sir Thoma● Allen the Mayor. After a short repast the King proceeded into Lond●n by Southwark, and ●ver the Bridge ●o Temple-bar th● S●r●●●s being 〈◊〉 on 〈◊〉 ●●●e with standing ●or the Liveryes, and lined o● the other with the ●rayned Bands.  
This Epitome will ●ot allow a full description of all the Glories of this most Magnificent and joyful Cavalcade; nor express the particular Gallantry of those Troup● which made an Illustrious part thereof, under the Cornet of Sir John Robinson, S●● Richard Brown, which consisted of th● choice, young Gentlemen of the City, 〈◊〉 of several of the Nobility, viz. the ol● Earl of Cleveland, the Earl of Northam●ton, the Earl of Norwich, the Earl of Lichfield, now Duke of Richmond, and the Lord Vicecount Mordaunt, all of them Riders, Persons of Quality and Gentry of the Kingdom.  
Much less is it possible, with all the advantages of Human Eloquence, to express hose ecstasies of joy and delight which ransported the minds of all the spectators, and raised their Souls into the exal●ations of their applauses; it must suffice to instance only and mention only that which influenced all the serene brightness which encompassed the King's Person, before which road the Lord Mayor bearing the Sword, and more immediately the Duke of Buckingham, and the Lord General, on both sides of the King road his two Royal Brothers, which order had been observed, since the first overture of the Restitution as well in Holland as here.  
In this Princely Equipage, and with millions of loud Vive le Roys, he arrived in the Evening at his Palace of Whitehall, made ready for the reception of its so long absent and most desired Master; and ascending into the Banqueting-House, (which parted last with his dear and blessed Father, and first entertained his Royal self, as if it would officiously excuse or deplore to him, the violence and villainy that had been acted there) was welcomed there with a very Loyal and Pathetic speech, by my Lord of Manchester, who with the Peers as Speaker, and Sir Harbottle Grimston as Speaker to the House of Commons, than also present attended Him, which for brevity sake I am constrained to omit; but amendss shall be made the Reader by the reciting his Majesty's most gracious words, in answer to the same, being the first Public verbal expression of Himself to his Kingdom, and deserve to be recorded for ever.  
My Lord.  
I AM so disordered by my Journey, and with the noise still sounding in my Ears, (which I confess was pleasing to me; because it expressed the Affections of my people) as I am unfit at the present to mak● such a Reply as I desire; yet this much 〈◊〉 shall say unto you. That I take no greatest satisfaction to myself in this my change▪ than that I found my Heart Really set to endeavour by all means, for the Restoring o● this Nation to their Freedom and Happ●nesse: And I hope by the Advice of m● Parliament to effect it. Of this also yo● may be Confident, That next to the Honour of God, from whom principally I sh●●● ever own this Restauration to my Crown, 〈◊〉 shall study the welfare of my People; An● shall not only be a true Defender of the Faith: but a just Assertor of the Laws and Liberties of my Subjects.  
Th●s passed, the King retired to supper, and soon after to his Rest, where it was time he should found it after so many difficulties and turmoils in the world for twenty whole years together; while the City begun afresh their Labour of joy, and ended that long wasting conflagration of 3 Kingdoms by their numerous Bonfires, which continued all night, and yielded not their flames but to the rising Sun.  
The Court now at last appeared in its due Splendour, the Nobility of England, & after them the Gentry severally addressing themselves to the congratelating his Majesties and their own Felicity, which Compliments were made more public by Addresses signed by the chief of all the Counties in England, and afterwards printed to expiate and revenge those rank and sordid impious flatterers, communicated in a more vulgar way to the late Userpers. Soon after, several Treatments were given his Majesty at the Houses of the Nobles: and many other Gentlemen, who had deserved well of the King, were Knighted by Him; whose names must be referred to the Heralds-Office.  
Wednesday May the 30th the morrow of the Restitution, the Dukes of York and Glaucester took their Places in the House of Lords, and the next day after, the King himself came thither by water; and completed the Illustrious Assembly. He wa● rowed by water in the Brigandine which brought him aboard the Charles from Holland: the Yeomen of the Guard (commanded by the Earl of Norwich, who ha● settled them a little before his Majesty's return) making a Lane, the Herald's a● Arms in their rich Coats, with the Mace● and the Lord General before Him; Bei●● s●ated in his Throne, the Commons we●● called, to whom the King in a most obliging speech pressed the Act of Oblivion from the Concern, and Obligation of 〈◊〉 promise from Breda, and than signed som● Bills, one for Confirmation of the Prese●● Parliament, by reason of its undue Constitution, as not being called by the King writ (the Times not admitting it) another for an Assessment of 70000 l per me●sem for 7 months from the 24 of June, 〈◊〉 third for an Assessment of 400000 l b● poll etc. a fourth for the continuance 〈◊〉 Process and judicial Proceed, that no● suit might or should abate by reason of the States of the late Usurpers stirs, but that the Law should proceed, notwithstanding: and than returned to Whitehall, where he chose his Privy Council, whose names than were as follow: Their Royal Highnesses the Dukes of York and Glaucester, Earl of Clarendon, Lord Chancellor of England, Earl of Southampton, Lord Treasurer, Lord Roberts, Lord Privy Seal, his Excellency the Lord General Monk, Earl of Lindsey, Lord High Chamberlain of England, marquis of Ormond, Lord Steward of his Majesty's Household, Earl of Manchester, Lord Chamberlain of the Household, marquis of Dorchester, Earl of Northumberland, Earl of Leicester, Earl of Berk-shire, Earl of Portland deceased, Earl of Norwich deceased, Earl of St. Albon, Earl of Sandwich, Earl of Anglesey, Earl of Carlisle, Lord Viscount Say and Seal deceased, Lord Wentworth, Lord Seymour Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster, Lord Hollis, Lord Cornwallis deceased, Lord Ashley Cooper, Lord Berkley, Earl of Lowerdale, Sir George Carteret, Sir Charles Compton, Mr. Secretary Nicholas, and Mr. Secretary Morrice, to which have been since added, Prince Rupert Duke of Cumberland, the Duke of Buckingham, Earl of Middlesex, Christopher Lord Hatton; The King next took care to supply his Courts of Justice, which had been profaned and perverted so long, for the Chancery the Lord Chancellor Hid, for the Rolls the Lord Culpepper, (who soon after died; and the place was Conferred by the King's Favour on Sir Harbottle Grimston) for the Kings-Bench Sir Robert Foster, Sir Thomas Mallet and Sir Thomas Twisden, since added Sir Wadham Windham, for the Common Pleas now is placed Sir Orlando Bridgeman, Lord Chief Justice, Sir Robert Hid, Sir Thomas Territ, Sir Samuel Brown. In the Exchequer from the said Sir Orlando, now Sir Matthew Hale Sir Edward Atkins, Sir Christopher Turner Sir Jeoffery Palmer the King's Artorney General, Sir Heneage Finch Solicitor General, Sir John Glynne and Sir John Maynard Sir William Wild his Majesty's Sergeants at Law.  
This Honourable Restitution of the Law was further signatized by a formality that declared the Force it had recovered, for the Parliament thought not themselves nor the people of England freed from that guilt and penalty, (which the Times had contracted) by their ready and cheerful submission to, and acknowledgements of his Majesty's just Authority; unless they lay hold on his Majesty's Grace: according to a strict Clause in his Majesty's gracious declaration from Breda, and therefore resolved; That the House doth declare that they do in the Name of themselves and all the Commons of England lay hold on his Majesty's gracious Pardon mentioned in his Declaration with reference to the excepting of such as shall be excepted in an Act of Pardon, which Declaratory vote was presented to the King by Mr. Denzill Hollis as a privy Councillor, and his Majesty was graciously pleased to signify his readiness; to make good his Princely promise, and gave direction for a Proclamation, till the Act should be furnished to that purpose.  
And if the innocent, and such who deserved well for their Constant and now manifested Loyalty: thought his Majesty's Grace needful to their acquittal from other men's crimes, the nocent were more pressingly concerned to free themselves from the punishment due to their own, and with which they had so afflicted the integrity of others; And therefore this serpentine Generation came licking the dust, and winding themselves into the favour of this his majesty's most Royal Indulgence, and to be secure from the future danger of the past Treasons: got most of their particular pardons (especially the great getters of th● Faction) exemplified under the great Se●● of England, not daring to abide the discriminating judgement and justice of the Parliament, who had desired his Majesty 〈◊〉 issue forth a Proclamation, commanding the murderous crew of the High Court 〈◊〉 Justice to tender themselves within 14. day and had under the consideration of the A●● of Oblivion several qualifications of other persons to be excepted out of it; an● hereupon, Colonel John Hutchenson an● Mr. Francis Lassely members of this Parliament, humbly petitioned the House; an● confessed their guilt: and the Attifices use● to engage them, and their hearty sorrow for it: and were thereupon only dismissed the House, and sinned a years value of thei● Estate to the King. The like discharge wa● given to Luke Robinson, a great Rumper but no Regicide; after he had confesse● the same convictions as to his former practices, which passage; together with the seizure and imprisoning of Maj. G. Harris●● in the Tower, by order of the General Council of State, was before omitted. Hugh Peter was likewise taken in Southwark, a●● Mr. Thomas Scot seized in Flanders, as the Solicitor in the High Court of Justice, Mr. Cook was in Ireland, which Kingdom had by their Commissioners presented the King and the Duke of York with a considerable sum, and all 4 committed to the Tower, to await the doom and recompense of their monstrous Treason: of which presently a very brief account. The King was most graciously pleased to accept of an Entertainment from the City at Dinner in Guildhall, where he was most magnificently received by several Pageants; with the Liveries being placed to welcome him as he passed thither: Here he Knighted 2 worthy and deserving persons and none else but those, the Chamberlain and his Son old and young Sir Thomas Player.  
In the mean while the King to Honour his Restitution, and those eminent Services had been done him therein, advanced the renowned General to the Degree and Dignity of Duke of Albemarle, which Duchy is in Normandy; and was the ancient Title of some Princes of the blood Royal, and was extinct in the reign of Henry the fourth and Earl of Torrington, a Town famous by my Lord Hoptons' encounter there with Sir Thomas Fairfax, and which acknowledges some Patrimony and Estate of his Family; and Baron of Potheridge his own seat and place of Nativity in the County of Devon Beauchampe and Teyes, by all which 3 b● hath just right of Peerage in the 3 Kingdoms, whose rescuer and deliverer he was July the 13 he took his place in the Hous● of Lords, attended by the whole House 〈◊〉 Commons (who had formerly voted hi● the Kingdom's thanks for his redemption of us from slavery) and introduced to his place by the Duke of Buckingham. Near the same time General Montague who commanded the Fleet, was created Earl of Sandwich; Viscount Finchingbrook his own famous Mansion in Huntingdon-shire, and Baron St Noets took his place likewise in the House of Peers; The marquis having lately been made Duke of Ormond was created Earl of Brecknock: and so made an English Peer; the Earl of Lindsey was made Lord High Chamberlain, and the Earl of Southampton Lord High Treasurer of England, the Earl of Manchester and Lord Robert's Lords Chamberlain and Privy Seal. The Lord Jermin was made Earl of St Albon, and now sent Ambassador extraordinary to France: whence not long after as also from Spain by the Prince de Ligne, came a most splended Embassy by the Count de Soissous a Prince of the blood of Savoy; The same grand Compliment came from Denmark, Sweden, the most places of Christendom, which rang with the wonderful news of our Peace and Happiness. Nor was his Majesty's Honourable sense of, and Regard of his State less more conspicuous than his Piety to the Church, which he now designed to retire with himself to her former Rights and Dignities, having sadly experimented that presagious saying of his Grandfather: No Bishop No King, and therefore as soon as the Parliament had finished the Act of Oblivion: and in good part healed the stated form by cutting of some of the Corrupt Members thereof, such were all the King's Judges who were excepted from pardon; and rendering others lesle Criminal to the number of 20 (such were Hazelrig, St. John, the Speaker Lenthal; Nye, and Goodwin the Minister, Barton of Yarmouth, and most of the Mayor Generals) dead in Law and retrenching the charge of the Kingdom by disbanding the Army, and raising infinite sums to effect and accomplish it; the Commissioners for disbanding, being Mr. Pryn, Mr. Scawer, Colonel King, and Sir William Doyley who finished the affair to the great satisfaction of the Soldiery: the King giving them over and above a week's 〈◊〉 as a Donitive of his own; and this gr●●● affair seemed wholly referred for this tim● as a main Felicity of his Majesty's Empir● Which the Usurpers would have perpetu●●ted as a standing Militia to tyrannize o●● us and our posterity: and by entering 〈◊〉 with a due gratitude towards God to b● paid him, on the happy Anniversary of 〈◊〉 great and miraculous day, May the 29. t● all succeeding Ages; by Acts and Statute to those purposes: The King took the remaining care of the Church as most religiously became again to herself, and appointed the 20th of September for the Translation of the Right; reverend and Excellent Prelate Dr. Juxon the Bishop of London, to the Archbishopric of Canterbury: which was performed with very great solemnity, and presently thereupon several new Bishops were Consecrated in the Abbey a●● Westminster, and the vacant Dioceses supplied: a Catalogue of both which here follow.  
Doctor Wil Juxon Lord Archbishop of Canterbury 1660, consecrated Bishop of London 1633. Dr. Accepted Frewen Lord Archbishop of York 1660. Dr. Gilbe●● Shelden Lord Bishop of London 1660. Dr. John Cousins Lord Bishop of Durham 1000 Dr. Brian Duppa consecrated Bishop of Chichester 1638, of Salisbury 1640. of Winchester Bishop Lord Almoner Prelate of the Garter 1660, he being deceased 1662., Dr. Morley was translated to that See 1662. Dr. William Peers Lord Bishop of Bath and Wells 1632. Dr. Matthew Wren (released from a 20 years' imprisonment in the Tower by G. Monk) Lord Bishop of Ely 1638. Dr. Robert Skinner Lord Bishop of Oxford 1640. Dr. William Robert's Lord Bishop of Banger and Sub Almoner 1637. Dr. John Warner Lord Bishop of Rochester 1637. Dr. Henry King Lord Bishop of Chichester 1641. Dr. Humphrey Hinchman Lord Bishop of Sali●b●ry 16●0, now of London 1663. Dr. George Morley Lord Bishop of Worcester 1●●0, now of Winchester 1663. Dr. Sanderson Lord Bishop o● Lincoln 1660 deceased, Dr. George Grif●●th Lord Bishop of St. Asaph 16●0. Dr. William Lucy Lord Bishop of St. David's 1660. Dr. Benjamin Laney Lord Bishop of Peterborough ●660, of Lincoln 1663. Dr. Hugh Loya ●ord Bishop of Landaffe 1660. 〈◊〉 R●●●a●● Stern Lord Bishop of Carlisle 16●0. Dr. Brian Walton Lord Bishop 〈◊〉 Chester 16●0 deceased, Dr. Fern succeeded 1661. also deceased, George Hall 1662., present Bishop there of, Dr. Gilbert Ironside Lord Bishop of B●stoll 1660, Dr. Edward Reynolds Lord ●●shop of Norwich 1660, Dr. William N●cholson Lord Bishop of Glaucester 1660, D● Nicholas Monk brother to the Renown●● General, Lord Bishop of Hereford 166● deceased 1661., Dr. Herbert Crofts in th● See. Doctor John Hacker Lord Bishop●● Coventry and Litchfield 1663.  
Note that Dr. Hinchman is newly ma●● Bishop of Peterborough in place of Doctor Laney, Dr. Earl Bishop of Worcester; 〈◊〉 thence to Salisbury, Dr. Skinner from O●ford in his place to Worcester: and Doctor Creighton Bishop of Oxford this year 1663.  
But in the juncture of this pious Resolution, it pleased God to afflict the King, h●● Family; and the whole Kingdom with th● most lamented death of his vounger brother, the most noble Prince Henry Duke 〈◊〉 Glaucester (a name unfortunate to th● Royal Race) by the Epidemical decease 〈◊〉 the small Pox, which shortly after Dece●ber 26th. snatched away the most Illustrious Lady, his Sister Mary the Princess Roya●● widow to the deceased Prince of Aurang●● who came over to visit the King and th● Duke both Princes of a very great and obliging virtues, which may be injured by the worthiness of our mean lamentations, and the loss thereof to be judged by the magnitude, that it was designed by Heaven as an equal allay and balance to that extraordinary grandeur of hIs Majesty's Restitution.  
During this sorrow for the noble Duke, who deceased Sept. 13. a greater and more just Parentation obliged his piety, and justified the importunate cries and demands of his Subjects for justice against those inhuman murderers of his Father; all his great actions hitherto had tended and directed only to the future settlement of his people, and were the effects only of his prudence and wisdom, as he was Pater patriae, the Father of his Country; there was a like necessity of reviewing the past time, with the effects of his Justice and Duty, as he was filius Regis the Son of a King, whose blood was yet unexpiated, and polluted the Land, and was feared to have exacted that immaculate victim of the noble Duke, instead of a more due and proper sacrifice so long delayed, on the 9th. of Octob. Therefore by virtue of his Commission of Oyer and Terminer, directed to several of the chief Nobility, as the Duke of Albemarle, and more of the Lords of the Privy Council, and great Officers of State; the Lord Mayor and Judges, the said Commissioners met at Hicks Hall, Sir Orlando Bridgeman, Precedent of this illustrious Judicature The Counsel for the King, were Sir Jeoffery Palmer, Sir Heneage Finch, Sir Edwar● Turner, the Duke of Yorks Attorney, Sergeant Keely, and Windham, etc. The grand Jury being sworn, Sir William Piercy, Baronet, their foreman, the rest of the Knights and Esquires of great estates; the Indictment was opened largely and learnedly by Sir Orlando, it was founded on the Statute of 15 Edward the 3. by which it was made Treason to compass and imagine the death of the King; which done, and the Indictment found, Mr. Thomas Lee brought in the names of the witnesses, 42 in number; the chief of whom was Sir William Clark, who wrote short hand at the High Court of Justice, Mr. Masterson a Minister formerly of their party, Col. Hunks, etc.  
On the 10th. of Octob. the same Court by Adjournment, sat at Session's house in the Old Bailie, to arragin this pretended mock High Court of Justice, as many of them as had been seized, or had rendered themselves upon the Proclamation (some 16 upon the King's return, having fled the Kingdom) who were to be respited from Execution by a clause in the Act of Oblivion, after much debate upon the favourablest construction of that Proclamation, which another Act of Parliament should appoint it. The Names of those that were arraigned, were in order thus, viz. Sir Hardress Waller, William Heveninghaem, and Col. Harrison, Isaac Pennington, Henry Martin, Robert Tichburn, Gilbert Millington, Owen Roe, Robert Lilburn, Adrian Scroop, John Carew, John Jones, Thomas Scot, Gregory Clement, and John Cook, Edward Harvey, Henry Smith, John Downs, Vincent Potter, Augustine Garland, George Fleetwood, Simon Meyne, James Temple, Peter Temple, Thomas wait, Hugh Peter, Francis Hacker, Daniel Axtell; and after all William Hewlet, supposed to be the Executioner. At their Trial their main and only defence was the Authority of the Parliament, which constituted them an High Court of Justice; Harrison and Carew being fifth Monarchists urged the Light men than; and the public necessity of their proceed, and their success in and accomplishment of it for their justification, and divine approbation. For further particulars the Reader may refer himself to their Trials Printed at large.  
They were all of them after a fair hearing condemned, and those that had been seized before the Proclamation, thus executed: Harrison on Saturday the 14th of Oct. about 8 in the morning, was according to his Sentence drawn upon an Hurdle from Newgate (with a fresh colour in his cheeks) to Charing-cross, and within the rails hanged upon a Gibbet with his face towards White-Hall, and cut down alive, and quartered; his members set upon the gates of London, and his head upon the Southeast end of Westminister-Hall: On the 16th Master John Carew was executed there in the same manner, but his body the King was pleased to give at their intercession to his Friends: On the 17th. John Cook and Hugh Peter's were drawn and quartered in the same manner and place; their quarters set upon the gates; Cooks head on the North-east side of Westminster-Hall gate, opposire to Harrisons; Peter upon London bridge, October 18th. Thomas Scot, Gregory Clement, Adrian Scroop, and John Jones, were executed in the same place and manner, and their heads and quarters set upon the gates of London: And lastly, on the 19th. Col. Francis Hacker and Daniel Axtell, were drawn and quartered at Tyburn; Hackers body was given entire to his Friends, but Axtells was set upon the gates, and his head as a mark of his active treason at the Court of Justice, and parbling the Parliament, at the furthest end of Westminster-Hall. All of them died obstinately, and impenitently, Hugh Peter excepted, who died like a fool. The rest as is before mentioned, were reserved till the Parliament should dispose of them, by an Act to that purpose, and remanded to the Tower of London, from whence they came, and the the next year brought to the Bar of the House of Lords, to show cause why sentence should not be executed, who pleaded the Proclamation; but no determination hath yet been made concerning them, only their Estates by virtue of an Act of attainder were seized to the use of the King.  
Notwithstanding this fresh Instance and Example of i'll divine vengeance upon Rebels and Murderers, a pert sort of men, of the same principles with Harrison, and those other Regicides, as if their evil Spirits had been doubted on them, conspired and attempted the like horrid, but more audacious Villainy. These were wild fifth Monarchists, who having vainly calculated the imaginary personable reign for this juncture of Time, made two most frightful insurrections in London, January the 6 and the 9th. The first in the night, when they met at Saint Paul's, and being discovered there, forced there passage at Aldersgate, where they declared for King Jesus, and their Masters upon the Gates, and after some vain opposition marched to Cain-wood, and being driven thence by the General's guards, returned for London: The second in the morning by break of day, where from Bishopsgate wand'ring up and down the streets, they came to Woodstreet intending to let out the Prisoners; but after a sharp conflict were worsted, and pursued (Venner and Hodgkins their Leaders, being wounded and taken, and Tufney and Crag two other chieftains killed upon the place) and more of them taken by the Postern by Moregate; their number in all not exceeding forty. But such was their confidence and assurance that they said in their traitorous Declaration, That if they were deceived, 'twas God that did deceive them: applying also the Story of Gideon to this their impious and rebellious exploit. Seventeen of these being taken, and arraigned for Treason in levying War against the King; thirteen of them were found guilty, and the 16 and 21 of January executed; Venner and Hodgkins were drawn, hanged, and quartered in Colemanstreet, over against their meeting house (where instead of prayers they fell to imprecations) and their heads and quarters set upon the Gates of London; the rest were only hanged, and their heads set upon London-bridge.  
To pursue this tract of Divine vengeance to a conclusion: on the 30th. day of January, being the twelfth anniversary of their flagitious and monstrous parricide acted upon our late Martyred Sovereign, the Carcases of Cromwell, Ireton, and Bradshaw, having been digged out of those graves they usurped in Hen. 7. Chapel at Westminster, were thence conveyed to the Read Lion in Holborn, and there put into three sledges and drawn to Tyburn, where they hanged with their faces towards Whitehall from ten in the morning till Sun set, multitudes of people visiting the solemnity of the Spectacles; and being than cut down, were inhumed under the Gallows, and their Heads set upon the middle of Westminster-hall, above the ordinary height of Ambition. In the close of the year died Sir Authur Hazelrig, Prisoner in the Tower of London; and the Marquis of Arguile one of their Complices in Scotch Treason, was arrested here by the King's command, and sent into Scotland to receive his reward thereof; the Earl of Middleton being made his Majesty's Commissioner for that Kingdom, following him thither soon after.  
Just after the Execution of those Regicides in October, the Queen Mother, who had been absent out of England 16 years, returned hither again: now She had heard her Husband's blood was vindicated, and her own and Childrens Honour restored by the glorious Act of Justice: She brought over with her her youngest Daughter the Princess Henrietta, who was born at Exeter, June 1644. and being brought to Oatlands after the expiration of the War, was conveyed thence by her Governess the Lady Dalkeish into Holland, and so to France: Their stay here was very short, by reason of that contagious disease of the small Pox, which had newly destroyed the Princess of Orange, and seemed to threaten the health of this young Lady: His Majesty at there departure accompanied them to their Shipping; in which time fell out that furious onset of the aforesaid fifth Monarchists. This beautiful Princess is now Married to Philip Duke of Orleans and Anjou, only brother to the French King. A little before this, Decemb. 20. the Free Parliament which had done so much in so short a time towards the peace, happiness, and settlement of the Kingdom, was now like fair and summer's fruit ripe for dissolution, at which time the King in his parting from them, gave it the Epethete of the healing Parliament, which it will retain to last Posterity. A Parliament was at this time called in Scotland, and another summoned for Ireland, and a third in intention for England, to whose glories and triumphs the beginning of the next year doth wholly own itself, and which for brevity sake must be but transiently viewed.  
Anno Domini 1661.  
And the fine ray of that splendour directs us to Windsor, where His Majesty renewed the most Noble Ceremony of the Instalment, and Investiture of the Order of the Garter, the most honourable Companions whereof to rectify a former mistake in this Treatiseare h●re mentioned: Charles the Second, etc. Sovereign of the order, James Duke of York, Charles Lodowick Prince Elector Palatine, Frederick william Prince Elector of Brandenburg, Rupert Count Palatine of the Rhine, Edward Count Palatine of the Rhine, William Prince of Orange, Bernard Duke of Espernoon, Charl● Prince of Tarante, William Earl of Salisbury, Thomas Earl of B●●kshire, Algernoon Earl of Northumberland, James Duke of Ormond, George Duke of Buckingham, Thomas Earl of Southampton, William Marquis of Newcastle, George Earl of Bristol, Gaspar Count of Martin, George Duke of Albemarle, Edward Earl of Sandwich, Aubrey Earl of Oxford, Charles Duke of Richmond and Lenox, Montague Earl of Lindsey, Edward Earl of Manchester, William Earl of Manchester. This solemnly was performed, April 16. this year, and the sullied obscured Glories of the Order recovered to its pristine Lustre and Brightness.  
Next entered His Majesty's most Magnificent Coronation on Saint George's day, April 23. whereon he passed from the Tower to his Court of Whitehall, through the City of London; and next day to Westminsterhall by water, and thence in a stately Procession to the Abbey to be Crowned. To the Celebrating of which two days, and the serenity thereof between a rainy Season, for a Month before and after, this discourse can be no way competent, and must withal reverence to this sublimest Grandeur that England ever beheld, refer the Reader to the Narrative and Sculptures, that were published on this stupendrous occasion, by Authority: only mentioning that as usual at such at such Solemnities (though never such a number) there were made Seventy Knights of the Bath▪ and for a further Honour of this great affair, Edward Lord Hyde was created Earl of Clarendon, Arthur Lord Capel Earl of Essex, Thomas Lord Prudenel Earl of Cardigan, Arthur Lord Annesley Earl of Anglesey, Sir John Greenvile Earl of Bath, Groom of the Stool, Charles Howard Earl of Carlisle, Denzill Hollis Lord Hollis of Byfield, Sir Frederick Corwallis Lord Corwallis of Eye in Suffolk, SIr George Booth Lord Delamere, Sir Horatio Townsend Baron of Lyn Regis, Sir Anthony Ashley Cooper Baron of Winterborn St. Giles, John Crew Baron Crew of Stene.  
This Admiration of English Gallantry was scarce passed our sight, when a new pomp invited our almost dazzled sight with the formermost August and glorious Triumph. The King at the opening of the Parliament, which he had summoned according to his promise to sit down on the 8th. of May, went thither with more than usual state, and calling the Commons to the House of Lords, declared his Reason of calling them thither, and particularly told them of the Confidence he had in them, as being most of them known to him, that it would prove a happy Parliament: in conclusion He acquainted them with his revolution of Marrying the Infanta of Portugal, which match had been transacted here by Conde Francisco de melo, the Ambassador from that King, and concluded in certain Articles than transmitted to that Kingdom, and so bid them choose their Speaker.  
Sir Edward Turner was the Person chosen, and forthwith both Houses voted their Thanks to His Majesty for his prudent choice: ●eer the same time arrived here the King's Aunt, the Queen of Bohemia, who deceased the February following, and was buried with her Royal Ancestors in Hen. 7. Chappel: The Marquis of Montross, as soon afterwards the noble Sir Charles Lucas and Sir George Lisle were reinterred in great state at Edinburgh and Colchester; and the Marquis of Argyle, Master Jushrey and Captain Gittan, enemies to the immortal Montross, Executed at Edinburgh, and as a complete expiation of all those Scotch combustions, recited by those men and their fellows, the solemn League and Covenant was burnt by the Hangman in London, reversed all the Kingdom over soon after. The Earl of Sandwich with a Fleet, was sent to attend the Queen at Lisburn, now saluted by that name by Sir Richard Fanshaw the King's Ambassador, and thence to sail to Algiers to repress those Pirates, where happened a Fight in there very Harbour, but of no great moment; whereupon the Earl leaving Sir John Lawson to block them up (which at last forced them to terms) departed for Tangier (and thence for Lisburn) which was now delivered by virtue of the Treaty with Portugal to Sir Richard Stainer, the rear Admiral who surrendered the Government soon after to the Earl of Peterborough.  
The House returned the Consideration of the punishment of some guilty persons in the matter of the King's death not under Condemnation; namely the Lord Monson, Sir Henry Mildmay, Sir James Harrington, with Robert Wallop, and Master Phelps the Clerk of the Court of Justice, and ordered them to be drawn on the Thirtieth of January next, from the Tower through the City to Tyburn, with roper about their necks and so under the Gallows, and back again; to forfeit their Estates, and suffer perpetual imprisonment, which was accordingly executed.  
On the 30th. of July the Parliament adjourned to the 20th. of November, having passed two Acts, one for Regulatihng Corporations and displacing of ill affected Officers, the other Repealing the Statute of 17 Car. 1. against the Prelacy, and the Bishop's Jurisdiction in things Civil; by virtue of which the Lords Spiritual after the Adjournment took their places in the House of Lords. Episcopacy was also established in Scotland near the same time, as a little before in Ireland, where Sir Charles Coot made by the King Earl of Mountrash, not long after died; as the King had appointed the Duke of Ormond to be Lord Lieutenant of that Kingdom.  
On the 27 of November one John James was executed at Tyburn for treasonous Speeches, and Sir Henry Vane, and John Lambert, Esquire, sent for from the Island of Scylly to their Trials.  
Anno Domino, 1662.  
This Year gins with the seizure of Col. Okey, Berkstead, and Miles Corbet at Delfe in Holland by the loyal industry of Sir George Downing the King's Resident there, whence they were conveyed to the Tower, and brought to the King's Bench Bar, and arraigned upon the Act of Attainder, for compassing the Death of the King: Their ●lea was they were not the same men mentioned in the same Act; but the Jury finding them, they were sensured as Traitors, and executed accordingly April 19 at Tyburn. The King was pleased to return Colonel Okeys' body, which was buried in the Tower; Berksteads Head was placed on Traytors-gate in the same Tower.  
This Kingdom had been in a longing expectation of the Queen's arrival; but through cross winds the Royal Charles having been sent a good while before for her own transportation, but the cold season of the Spring, and cross winds before and in her passage had much retarded it, but at length May the 19 after a Months sailing the Royal Bride landed at Portsmouth, having been met at Sea by the Duke of York, who saluted Her in His Majesty's Name. On the 20th. of May the King arrived there Post, and was privately Married and after some refreshments of th● Queen, for her voyage had much indisposed Her, brought Her with universal acclamations by Winchester and Farnham t● Hampton Court, whence on the 23 o● August with a neural Triumph the Lord Mayor and Companies in their Barge● with Streamers and Pageants attending Her, She was conducted to Whitehall.  
Before the King went for Portsmouth He Prorogued the Parliament to the 18th. of February, and among many other passed these observable Acts, viz. An Act for preventing the Mischiefs and Dangers, that may arise by certain Persons called Quakers, anc others refusing to take lawful Oaths. An Act for ordering the Forces in the private Counties of this Kingdom, wherein it is declared, That in His Majesty's Realms and Dominions, the Supreme Power, Command, and Disposal of the Militia, is, and ever was the undoubted right of the King and His Royal Predecessors, and that both and either Houses of Parliament cannot nor aught to pretend to the same, etc. An Act for the Uniformity of public Prayers and Administration of Sacraments, and other Rites and Ceremonies, and for establishing the form of of making, ordaining, and consecrating Bishops, Priests, and Deacons; by which Act after the 24 of August, all Ministers were bound to conform, and renounce the Covenant, or loose their Benefices. Against the effect of this Act the Presbyterians laboured hard, and petitioned the King and His Council, but were so answered by the Lord Bishop of London, that their suit was repulsed; whereupon many of them at the aforesaid term quitted their places, and were the unhappy occasion and instigators of theirs to do the like, upon confidence of having their own wills for a Law, to the impoverishing of many families. An Act for distribution of 60000 pounds amongst the truly Loyal and indigent Commission Officers, and for assessing of Officers, and distributing the money thereby raised for their further supply. An Act for the relief of His Majesty's loyal Poor, and maimed Officers and Soldiers. An Act for establishing an Additional Revenue upon his Majesty, his heirs, etc. for his better support, and two shillings yearly for every Chimney, Hearth, or Stove. An Act for abrogating the Attainders of the Earl of Straford. Another Act passed the Session before, against Armed or Arming like multitudes and numbers of Petitioners, which are not to exceed seven or eight at most: by all which most prudent and wholesome Laws they have obviated the like evils of the late times, and set us right as we were this time thirty years.  
This Trinity Term, Sir Henry Vane and Colonel Lambert were arraigned before Sir Robert Foster in the King's Bench: the first for imagining and compassing the Death of the King, and usurping the King's Authority; and the other for Levying War against the King in Middlesex, Cheshire, etc. Sir Henry pleaded the Authority of Parliament very peremptorily, and troubled the Court; but Lambert behaved himself very civilly and respectfully, which procured him his Reprieve. Sir Henry died very peevishly and frowardly by the Axe on Tower Hill: Wither his Treachery had brought the Earl of Strafford.  
Several Forces of Horses and Foot were sent from hence and Dunkirk, under the command of the Earl of Inchiqueen and Mayor General Morgan, to assist the King of Portugal against the Spaniard, which have done very good service this last Summer: and in October Dunkirk was returned to the French King, for the Sum of 500000 Sterling; a little before which time, the Walls of several Cities and Towns that were eminently disloyal in the late War, were dismantled, particularly Gloucester and Coventry.  
A traitorous Plot was now discovered, which had been hatched by some Grandees of the late Rebellion, but acted and carried by some Puny's thereof; Eight of which being apprehended in December, for the City had watched in Arms half a year together, were tried at the Old Bayly and condemned, and six of them executed, viz. Thomas Tongue, George Philips, James Hind, Francis Stubs, John Swallow, Nathaniel Gibbs.  
Anno Dom. 1663.  
Having promised a continuance of these Affairs to the beginning of this year, some short Notes shall be added for a conclusion. The Parliament at their re-assembling in Feb. having had some jealousy of the Papists prevalency, for a Toleration by the Kings declaring those kind sentiments he had of their Services to the ●rown: in his Declaration of the 26 of December, His Majesty took occasion to explain himself otherwise, and thereupon the House returned His Majesty thanks, resolving to prepare Laws at his desire to hinder the growth of their Doctrine. This debate continued a great while with much heat and alterration, and was the only business and discourse of the Times: The Popish Priests not ceasing their endeavours, and giving cause of caution, and provision of remedy against their encroachments; so that at last, the King at the i●●●●ce, and by advice of the Parliament, emitted a Proclamation commanding all Popish Prie●●● to departed the Kingdom, to the very great satisfaction of all His Majesty's Subjects. This Saint George's day the Duke of Munmouth and the Prince of Denmark, were created Knights of the Garter in the places of the Duke of Espernoun, and Prince Edward of Nassaw.  
A Plot was now discovered in Ireland, the Conspirators being Pers●●s of the late Faction, who intended to surprise Dublin Castle, and the person of the Lord Lieutenant, and declared according to the Covenant; but the Plotters were seized themselves, and three of them, viz. Colone Edward Warren, Master Jephson, and Lieutenant Thompson, executed for their treason; by which all things were quiet there as well as in Scotland; where the Lairo Warreston was lately hanged for his forme● Treason, by an Act of Attainder.  
The Parliament of England having debated, and prepared many other necessary Acts for the advancement of the Peace and Plenty thereof, His Majesty came to the Parliament and signed them: among the rest An Act for Trade, which being for the Subjects benefit, thanks was returned to the King: An Act for four entire Subsides to be paid at two several payments: there was An Act prepared for the better observation of the Lords Day; but it being mislayed, the King soon after supplied it with a Proclamation of his own to the same effect, commanding his Declaration against Debauchry, which was so well resented at his restitution, to be read again in the Churches. When these Acts were passed, he Prorogued the Parliament to the 16 March; and the same day passed away to Tunbridge, where his Royal Consort the Queen was than drinking the waters there; and after a fortnight's stay, returned with her to Whitehall▪ where having rested a fortnight, His Majesty and his Royal Consort began their Progress to the Bath; The right pious Learned Father in God, Gilbert Bishop of L●nd●n, was Translated from that Sea to the Arch-Episcopacy of Canterbury; the right reverend Father Humphrey Translated from Sarum to London: 
1664  His Majesty having Progress from Bath to Bristol, and from thence to Oxford, returned to London, being abundantly satisfied with the Loyalty and affections of His people.  
A Plot against the King: the Government of Church and State was now hatched by the spawn of the late Regicides and Sectaries, without any sense of our late misery, or now happy Peace and Settlement, or of His Majesty's reiterated and unparallelled Acts of Grace and Clemency; or the exemplary Justice done upon some former liketraitors: The Scene of this was in the North, but the design was in most parts of the Nation; by God's providence timely discovered and prevented, there being found guilty at York Assizes Two and twenty, whereof seventeen executed at York, three at Leeds.  
Anno Domini, 1664.  
The Lords and Commons of Parliament met at Westminster, according to Prorogation, His Majesty having made a gracious Speech (imparting His resolution to maintain Religion and Laws established) passed two Bills; One Act for holding Parliaments in three years at lest; And for repeal of an Act Entitled, An Act for preventing the inconveniences happening by the long intermission of Parliaments; The other for preventing abatements in Writs of Error upon Judgements in the Exchequer.  
The Committee of Trade reported to the Parliament, that the several wrongs, dishonours, and indignities done to His Majesty by the Subjects of the united-Provinces (by invading his right in India, Africa, and elsewhere) the damages, affronts, and injuries done by them unto our Merchants, are the greatest obstructions of a foreign Trade, and that His Majesty be moved speedily to redress the same; The House than resolved they will with their lives and fortunes, assist His Majesty against all opposition whatsoever; This being twice read, the Lords concurred (His Majesty taking great content in their zeal they express for the advancement of Trade; it being the primum mobile of the Nations happiness) His Majesty and his two Houses agreeing touching their defence, and maintaining of the honour, interest and prosperity of the English Nation, made a gracious Speech to both Houses, approving their care and labour for the public. Sir Edward Turner Speaker, in an elegant Speech, represented to His Majesty the humble Thanks of the House for His Majesty's acceptance of their endeavours, together with the Heads of several Bills ready for His Majesty's royal assent, insisting on the injuries and depredations done by the Dutch to the Crown of England; and His Majesty's Subjects being damnified by them to the value of 800000 l.  
His Majesty at the same time passed several Bills; One for The preventing of Seditious Conventicles (of most immergency for the peace of Church and State) Another For Preventing disturbances at Sea. An Act against deceitful Gaming; and several other private Acts. And after that Prorogued both Houses to the 26 of August, declaring it was his royal purpose not to call them together, till November.  
His Majesty setteth forth a Proclamation to recall and prohibit his Seamen from the service of any foreign Prince, or State.  
The unwelcome news from Tangier of the loss of the Earl of Tyvot (a person of known valour and loyalty) who with a small number was by Gayland (General of the Moors) lying in ambuscado in the Woods beyond the Jews river with his whole Army set upon, most of the party being cut of, his Majesty lost a brave Commander, and a good Subject. But the town and works ●re to Gayland impregnable; that place ●ince being made invincible, the Mould being finished, his Majesty's Forces have in their enclosure 400 acres of land.  
The Duke of Ormond, Lieuteaant of Ireland, was received by his Majesty and Court with honour and love, leaving the Lord Ossery Deputy.  
His Majesty (in his royal wisdom) thought fit to equippe two Fleets for the maintenance of the honour and interest of the English Nation, sending some of the Privy Council to the City of London upon this extraordinary occasion, to borrow 100000 l. which was presently granted with all willingness, and forthwith paid by the care of the most prudent Magistrate, Sir Thomas Player, who hath rendered himself so serviceable a Subject to his Majesty's Interest, and the City's trust, that it cannot be enough remembered, what care and pains he hath taken in former Loans (and with what exquisite speed the whole Army and Navy were paid of) whose early and late care by punctual and speedy complying with payments (under God) prevented mutining, saving his Majesty and the Kingdom many thousands by his expedition in that great work. A days pay of th● Army and Navy, and Interest of the Lo●● of the Arrears, amounting to a vast Su●● per diem. It is observed this Genleman●● of such known worth, that his being Treasurer is inducement enough to many Citizens' to bring in their Cash for the service●● his Majesty, before they know what secur●●● they shall have assigned for it.  
The Hollanders by their preparati●● since, do prosecute their former violent and encroachments: his Majesty found 〈◊〉 necessary to put his Navy into a prese●● equippage; and for the more effectual carrying on the work, his Majesty propos●● to the City of London the Loan of 100000 〈◊〉 more, which was provided with alacrity.  
Never Prince did so personally conce●● himself for the good of his Subjects, b● his surveying and expediting his Fleet b●yond our own or our neighbour's expectation: the like Fleet having not been ●o●● not in the whole world, furnished wi●● those Commanders, the very remembrance of whose valour and success, is a great satisfaction to our hopes.  
His Majesty for encouragement of Co●manders and Seamen in his Service, ha●● set forth a most Gracious Declaration, Th● in lieu of every lawful Prize at the rate of 10 s. the Tun, 6 l. 13 s. 4 d. every piece of Ordinance to be divided according to the usage of the Sea, all as free pillage above the Gun-deck, and ten pounds per Gun for every man of War, which they shall either take, sink, or destroy, to be shared as aforesaid; and therein is several provisions made for the sick, wounded, and maimed, their widows, and the children of impotent Parents of such as shall hap to be killed in the service; with other gracious provisions and encouragements therein exprest● so that to the immortal Honour of his Majesty, there is nothing wanting. No design of this nature did ever carry along with it so many notable concurrences of advantages; To complete all, his Highness the Duke of York (Lord High Admiral) himself in actual service is on board the Navy (a person who makes it no lesle glory to be a Soldier, than a Prince) hath put such a vigour into the seamen, that they long for nothing more than Action, under whose conduct they promise' themselves both honour, success, and victory.  
The Great God of Sea and Land bless our Fleet, and make us thankful for all his mercies and blessings, and especially for our happiness in our King, who is a wise and most gracious Prince as ever people had: The consideration of his gracious love to the City of London, and the City's duty and love to the King, doth make my heart rejoice, to see the City so willingly lending and readily paying all taxes and duties. I have observed that a Citizen of London, that is not really worth above 100 l. pays at much as a Gentleman in the Country that hath 100 l. per annum, and that all manner of Assessments and Benevolence, is fare more readier, and I believe willinglier paid here in London, than in the Country: For instance, the Town of Barwick upon Tweed, hath not paid in to his Majesty's Exchequer one penny of Assessments. Country Gentlemen, you cannot but know that the City of London doth their duty to their King so freely well, that ●he Country draws but half the draught they aught to do as Subjects: Yet you have not common charity for them: a Citizen of London having an estate with you, is sure to be loaded to ease you: As you are good Subjects let it be so not more: For in the beginning it was not so.  
FINIS