Bibliotheca Parochialis: OR, A SCHEME OF SUCH Theological Heads BOTH General and Particular, AS ARE Moore peculiarly Requisite to be well Studied by every Pastor of a Parish. Together with a Catalogue of BOOKS Which may be Read upon each of those Points. PART. I. By THOMAS BRAY, D. D. LONDON, Printed for Robert Clavel, and are to be Sold by John North, Bookseller in Dublin. MDCXCVII. TO THE Right Honourable, and Right Reverend Father in GOD, HENRY Lord Bishop of LONDON, AND One of His Majesty's most Honourable Privy-Council, etc. MY LORD, THAT I presume to lay these following Papers at Your Lordship's Feet, is out of the high Veneration I have to Your Lordship's Great Conduct and Goodness (in which Your Diocese have been so long happy) and out of that deep sense of Duty, which will always make me entirely submit to Your Censure and Correction, whatever Measures I shall take for the Good of that Church, to whose Service You are pleased to design me. And how can it be, but that upon this occasion I should propose and endeavour something more than ordinary for the Good of the Place I am going to? For tho' indeed the Glory of God, and the eternal Happiness of the Souls of Men are Considerations sufficient at any time to animate Christians to such Attempts, as shall conduce thereunto; yet when Providence places such Governors at the Helm in Church and State, as being of a Public Spirit, do themselves most vigorously pursue such Blessed Ends; and being easy of Access, do with the utmost Candour and Condescension (of which truly Noble Excellencies, Your Lordship is an extraordinary Example) give ear to the Overtures of Inferior Persons, upon the same Designs; it seems as if God did than intent to be propitious to the Undertaking. Now, my Lord, the whole Aim of what follows is to make a provision for the implanting such Measures and Degrees of Christian Knowledge, as it is requisite every one who professes Christianity, should be acquainted withal, and that the Minds of Men may happily be delivered from that Ignorance wherein lies the strength of Satan's Kingdom. Knowledge is the fairest Ornament of the Soul of Man, and whosoever is endowed therewith, let it be of what kind soever, fails not of Respect amongst all sorts of Persons; but especially Knowledge is than valuable, when it is in things of the greatest Moment and Consequence. And that the Knowledge which I have endeavoured in these following Papers to provide for, is such, is too evident to need Proof or Illustration. For why? It is a Knowledge that is conversant about the greatest Objects, viz. God and ourselves; and that about the grandest and most concerning Truths relating to those Objects. It is a Knowledge to which the most considerable of other Sciences are some way or other Appendent and Subservient: But above all, it is the only Knowledge which can Conduct us safe through the Mazes and Labyrinths of this World, to our Rest and Happiness in the other. Nor will the Advantages to Mankind of such a Design as this be lesle conspicuows, if we look upon the contrary Evil from which it tends to deliver the Minds of Men, viz. Ignorance of Divine things. For why? The Power of the Prince of this World, is by no other Character so muoh known, as by the Title of the Kingdom of Darkness. And what Sins and Miseries are there, which this Ignorance and Darkness is not the fruitful Parent of? It were enough to set Ignorance out as the most dreadful Evil, to say that it is the cause of all those Slavish, Barbarous, and Savage Superstitions that are in the World. But alas, it is not of one single Sin, or sort of Misery that Ignorance in Christianity is productive; but it is the natural Parent of all those fearful Crimes, and outrageous Wickednesses that are committed upon the Face of the Earth, and when it once prevails over a whole People, it is so fruitful in Misery also, that the State of such Men becomes a perfect Emblem of Hell, as will easily occur to the Observation of any that are at all acquainted with the state of the World, so as to be able to compare one People with another, with respect to their Knowledge of God and Religion. For Instance, let but any one compare the People of this Nation, amongst whom (praised be the infinite Goodness of Heaven for so invaluable a Blessing) the Light of the Gospel shines with a Meridian Brightness; if we do but compare these with the Naked Indians, the African Cannibals, or rather with the Georgians, a Degenerate Race of Christians in Asia, Sir John Chardin's Travels. amongst whom the Notions of God and Religion are in a manner quite extinct; and amongst ourselves there are some tolerable degrees of Humanity, Honesty, and Goodness; whereas the others are so much worse for Bloodshed, Lust, Cruelty, Revenge, and whatever Brutish and Savage Manners, than Wolves, Bears, and Tigers; inasmuch as being Rational Creatures, they have greater Cunning and Capacity of doing Mischief one to another, than those Bruits have. And indeed in any part of the World we shall found that proportionably to the Increase or Decrease of Christian Knowledge, do Vice or Virtue make their Advances respectively; so that as on the one side innumerable are the Miseries and horrid are the Sins, the Barbarities, Cruelties, Perjuries, Murders, Adulteries, and whatever other Violations of the Laws of God, Nature, and Nations, that proceed from the bitter Fountain of Ignorance of the true Nature of God and Religion: So unspeakable on the other side would be the Benefits consisting in Justice, Mercy, and Peace; in Piety to God, and well ordered Affections as to ourselves, were but the World throughly enlightened with the Knowledge of God, and the true Nature of pure and undefiled Religion. And now if we consider these things, how strange is it there should be those amongst us, who, as much as they own their Security and Happiness at home, to the Influence that Religion has upon our Public Laws and Private Actions; yet are perfect Enemies to the propagation thereof abroad. But yet it is not to be wondered, that some should hate the Light, it is because their Deeds are Evil. I shall say no more to 'em, but that the Day will come, when they will found their Omissions in promoting, or rather their Obstructions to the Progress of Christianity, the most terrible part of all their Accounts. But God be praised, as Lukewarm in Religion as this worst of Ages is, I must not forbear to acknowledge it to the Honour of some, that they have already showed themselves to be of a contrary Spirit by their Liberal Benefactions to our present Design, by whose means we have been able to lay a good Foundation to our Parochial Libraries, and to sand some over already into MARY-LAND. And as our Success is in a great measure owing to the Liberality and Countenance given to the Design, by several Great Men of Your Lordship's Order; and by Yourself in particular; so that God may long preserve amongst the rest, so great a Patron of Learning and Religion, so firm a Pillar of our Church, and so great an Ornament to Your Sacred Order, shall be the Hearty and Devout Prayers of, My Lord, Your Lordship's, most Humble, and most Obedient Sevant, THO. BRAY. To the Reverend, THE Parochial Clergy OF ENGLAND and IRELAND. Reverend Sirs, HAving been so well acquainted, by being concerned in a Parochial Cure myself, with the Method of Indigent Travellers, who always make first to the Minister of the Parish; and besides his own Charity, desire him to recommend 'em to such as are well disposed Persons therein; I presume the more to apply to you in the same manner, in the behalf of your Brethrens going abroad into the Plantations to serve the Great Master of us all, our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ; and who having a Zeal for his Work, want only those means for the propagating of Christian Knowledge, viz. good and proper Books, without which it is scarcely conceivable how they should be either furnished with a sufficient measure thereof themselves, or impart it to others. I have little reason indeed to doubt of your own Liberality in this matter, the Charity and Generosity of the Clergy being so very apt upon most occasions, to out go their Ability. And the Members of our Universities particularly, if we consider the Noble Donations and Additions which have been made by them to their Libraries, Chapels and other Buildings, they will be found to have erected more Monuments of their Zeal for the Advancement of Learning and Religion in a few years last passed, than any other Persuasion or Body of Men (not the Romanists excepted) have done in many Ages heretofore. Nor shall we despair of a savourable Answer from those to whom we would desire your Application on our behalf, provided they are seasoned with any tolerable measure of Zeal for the Glory of God and of true Religion, for those who are really Pious, cannot but easily receive the Impression, when they are given to understand that there is no Charity in the World whereby they can so much contribute to the Honour of God, and the good of Souls, as this; That it is an Apostolical Work to have an hand in converting Souls to God, and that there is no way whereby the Laity can have so immediate a hand therein, as that which is here offered to them. I could urge how that in agreat measure from the Colonies abroad, our Citizens and Merchants have had their prodigious Wealth, and that hither it is that the Countryman and the Tradesman do vend their Manufactures and Commodities; and it were but reasonable to propose it also to the Consideration of our Persons of Honour and Quality, as a thing not unworthy their Reflection, that since the Discovery of the Plantations, their Rents have been advanced, and their Splendour increased triple to what their Noble Ancestors before 'em were acquainted with. And upon all this, it were natural enough to expostulate with 'em; what reason there can be, that they should reap all the advantages to themselves from the Dangers and Fatigues of other Men, and repay nothing back towards their chiefest well-being. But that which I would desire might be chief considered and suggested to all Ranks and Degrees of Men, is this, That as scarce any People have received greater Advantages from the Foreign Plantations, than we have done; and no Nation in the World, I am sure, has a better Religion to requited them with, for the same than we have; yet to the no small Discredit both of our Country and Religion, no Persuasion of Men upon Earth have been hitherto so cold and wanting to promote it, ●s we have been. Insomuch that whereas a Neighbouring State▪ which we do often reproach as having once (some of them) ●●n'd their Country with the disavowing of their Religion, ●o expend 20000 l. per Annum in the East-indieses alone in propagating Christianity, I can hear of little Charity of that nature that goes from hence; which, whether it may not have been a provocation for those terrible strokes of Providence that some have lately felt, and those but as warnings, that they may not by such an unconcernedness for the cause of Christianity, provoke the Divine Indignation to follow the blow with greater, is no more than what becomes Christians to consider. Now I can scarcely believe that a People who profess so much Zeal, and that most deservedly, for the Protestant Religion, as the English do, should be so insincere in their Professions, and have really so little esteem for it, as to be unconcerned for the same abroad; especially in those Colonies which are as much English, and as much the parts of His Majesty's Dominions, as these Islands are wherein we live. Much lesle can I think, that the Merchants, a Rank of Men of as great Generosity as any of what Quality soever, and who do daily signalise the same by many Noble Gifts to Pious and Charitable Uses; and from whom it is expected to do more for the encouragement of Religion in the Plantations, than others, it (being the Plantations which in so great a measure have enriched them:) Much lesle is it to be imagined, that they should be unconcerned for the propagation of Christianity therein, but for want of being more put in mind of the necessity thereof, and of being excited thereto; and give me leave to speak it, of our frequent and earnest Applications made to 'em to that purpose. I crave leave to say, for want of Applications to 'em by us; for so it is, that the Romish Clergy having heretofore in this Nation, and continuing so to do to this day, in other Nations, most grossly abused the Credulity of the Laity, by Preaching up nothing scarcely but the Merit of good Works; and that to such a Degree, as to make a Donation to their sort of Pious Uses (as they would have 'em thought) sufficient to atone for all the Atrocious Villainies of a most Flagitious Life; we on the other side, out of an excess of Modesty, as little as we balk other Duties, and forbear to warn our People of other Sins; yet it is rarely that we are found much to mind 'em of works of Piety (as those we do here endeavour to promote, are really such) and to do which is a Duty as necessarily Incumbent upon all Men, according to their Ability, as any other Duty whatsoever, and the omission as much a Sin. Particularly, and especially it is seldom they are put in mind how much it lies upon 'em to contribute towards the support and extent of the Christian Name: And that the slighting the Opportunities which God hath given us of setting up the Banners of Christ's Kingdom, where Satan does still solely govern the Minds of Men, is a great Sin; and indeed, since the Divine Providence has been so propitious to us in our Temporal Concerns and Interests, as to extend the English Dominions to the Remotest parts of the Earth, such an Ingratitude to God, as is not the lest amongst those National Sins we are guilty of, and are to Answer for. I must confess indeed, that where People will be so sinister in their Interpretations of what we do or speak, as to call our Discourses and Persuasions to Works of Piety, a Preaching of ourselves, and our own Interests, it is hard enough for generous Spirits, who scorn what does in the lest savour of Selfishness, to be found in such Arguments. And therefore I believe it is, that tho' our Parsonages, and Vicarages do continually suffer greater Diminutions by far in their Deuce, from the Sacrilegious Invaders of the Church's Patrimony, and from pretended Modus' and Prescriptions (not to speak of grosser Methods) than our poorer Vicarage Houses do by their Dilapidations, yet it is seldom or never that any of us trouble our Auditories with asserting our own Rights, and in warning our People lest they rob God in his Tithes and Offerings, as careful as we are to Preach up amongst 'em that Justice to one another which concerns the Preservation of their own Meum and Tuum. The reason is the reluctance we found in ourselves to be thought, or so much as suspected to seek ourselves in the Dispensation of our Ministry: And hence also it is not without difficulty that we can be persuaded to trouble Mankind with those ungrateful Arguments which would draw any thing from 'em towards the support and service of the best of Churches amongst us. But here in the Case we are now upon, there is no danger of such Imputations, since what goes into the Plantations goes too far from You, Reverend Sirs, to terminate upon yourselves. But however, we are secure enough in the Nature of the thing here desired, for with as evil an Eye as the World looks upon the Preferments of the English Clergy (not considering the insupportable Charges appendent to the greatest part of them) and hate to see us Rich, yet to do the Laity right, I never knew any of 'em envy us Books, Learning, Knowledge; much lesle can it be supposed they will, when the Books we desire are of such a Nature, and do so directly enable us to impart useful Knowledge and Instruction to themselves, as the following Catalogue in the whole Composition of it, is designed to do. So that the case of the Plantations we are thus Bold to commit to your Management, we do humbly conceive is what You may with a good Grace, and Assurance enough solicit in our behalf. And indeed, since I am so throughly persuaded, that nothing can so directly tend to encourage Good Men, and Lovers of Souls, to venture themselves in the Labours of the Gospel abroad, as good Books; and nothing can so immediately tend to tender 'em Good and useful when they are there, as the same. I must therefore conjure you my Brethrens, as you will approve yourselves to our Heavenly Master, to have had his Glory principally in your Eye, that you will assist with the utmost of your Power and Eloquence in the obtaining what you can towards the providing of these Libraries, as a principal Means of promoting the Interest of Christ's Kingdom. I cannot tell what Apprehensions other Men may have of these Matters, but for my own part I am so fully persuaded of the usefulness thereof, that since it is not easy in such Times of Public Necessities as these are, to get Libraries for all the smaller Vicaridges of this Kingdom (as the Noble Sir Roger Twisden, did so worthily and piously project) whereby the Ministers thereof might be in a Capacity to Instruct the People with sound and solid Doctrine in all the Essentials and Necessaries of Christianity; The next Good thing, even equal, if not beyond the Endowments of their Vicaridges, I could wish for the good of God's Church amongst us, is, that there were but a Library in every Deanary of the Kingdom, and that placed either in the Centre of the Deanary, or rather in some Market-Town, where it lies convenient for the Clergy to borrow Books out of it, when at any time they shall have occasion to Read upon any Important Point of Religion, in order to clear their apprehensions therein, that so they might with Judgement and Safety to the People's Souls, treat thereof to 'em; and those Lending Libraries having the Books marked upon the Covers to what Deanary they belong, and locked up in Book-Presses made on purpose to keep 'em in, and Reposited with the Rural Dean, the Minister, or the Schoolmaster of such Town, they might with very little Trouble be sent for on any Market-Day, and as easily returned within a convenient Time, (as there ought to be a limited time for it, as a Month for a Folio, a Fortnight for a Quarto, and a Week for an Octavo.) In the first place, The having of these Libraries dispersed throughout the Kingdom, for the use of the Clergy, would most manifestly and directly tend to the good of the Laity; who in such cases might promise' themselves a full Instruction in all the Points of Faith and Practice, whereas with the present Provision, all that they can expect to hear are general Exhortations to Religion, and some Motives to the Practice of the Duties thereof: But without a very considerable number of very good Authors, it is morally impossible they should have their Judgements truly and throughly Informed in the Nature and Extent of all the Duties to God, their Neighbour and themselves, which cannot be done without much Reading: Much lesle shall a Minister be able, without good Skill in the Scriptures, and being much conversant in several Critical and Dogmatical Writers, be able to explicate and enforce all the Doctrines and Principles of Christianity; without the Knowledge and Belief of which, and a Virtuous Practice acted upon those Principles, the greatest Regularity in Manners cannot be called a Christian Life, nor entitle those that live, tho' never so agreeably to the Rules of Morality, to a Christians Reward: which two things being well considered by the Laity, viz. That they can neither be duly Instructed in Faith nor Practice, except the Clergy shall be sufficiently provided of Books for that purpose: And withal, that it is the business of a Pastor, not only to Feed his Flock, with wholesome Instruction, but also to defend 'em from the Contagion of Erroneous and Heretical Doctrines, which cannot be done without a competent Skill in Modern Controversies, and those not a few; even the Laiety would than think themselves extremely concerned to have such a Provision of necessary and useful Books made for the Clergy. And than Secondly, As to the Clergy themselves, I am so fully persuaded of the Benefit to them, of these Lending Libraries, that they seem to me to be the most likely means, and to be in a good measure sufficient, to restore even those of the lowest Capacities in the Ministry, from both those Evils, which the Author of the Contempt of the Clergy says, are the Causes of our Contempt, viz. Ignorance and Poverty. And, I. As for Ignorance in our proper Calling, it must indeed of necessity cause the Contempt of those who are found to be such. In any Calling a Person is valued proportionably to his Knowledge and Skill therein; especially in ours. And yet I do not see how it is possible for most of us but to fall short of a complete Knowledge in the whole Body, even of Preachable Divinity, as the Case stands with most of us; for one Third of the Live of England come not up to 50 l. per Annum, which I am sure will afford but very little, if any thing at all, to purchase Books with, when Domestic Charges, and Public Payments are satisfied; and yet without the Reading of such Books, at lest, as are of more immediate use to inform ourselves in all the Terms of the Covenant of Grace, that so we may be able to instruct others, how is it possible (now that Inspiration is ceased) but that we should be ignorant to our own extreme Disgrace, and the infinite Prejudice of those Souls committed to our Charge? And again, except we shall have a Collection of such Books, either of our own, or somewhere near at hand, whence we may borrow 'em, how is it possible we should ever read 'em? II. And the having of these Lending Libraries near at hand, I do also humbly conceive, will contribute not a little, to prevent that other occasion of our Contempt, viz. Poverty, at leastwise, as to many of us: For this I am very certain of, that many of the Clergy in Poorer Live, who are Bookishly given (and 'tis pity that ever any should enter into Holy Orders who are not of this Spirit) can scarce keep themselves clear of the Booksellers Accounts, nor Money in their Pockets for their necessary Occasions, because of their Charges that way; which yet I think are as much their Necessaries as Meat and Drink, which give Nourishment only to the worse part of us. Well, and if there be any Truth in that other Imputation, as the Cause of our Contempt, which the Adversaries of our Church are so apt to charge us withal: viz. The scandalous Immoralities, which perhaps it may be too true that some may be guilty of; I do humbly conceive that this Scandal also may be in a great measure removed, by the same means of having Lending Libraries. For whence is it that many seek for Company and Diversion abroad, but for want of the better Society of good entertaining Authors at home: The Truth of it is, there are a sort of Writers which are traditionally handed down from one Old Study to another, who are not such a good Humoured and Inviting Society as to make one delight much in their Conversation: But what Man of Spirit or Education, had he a Justin Martyr, a Tertullian or Cyprian; a Sanderson, a Hammond or Tillotson, come to visit him, would leave such Men of Sense for the Society of the Sons of Belial. Not to say, that our Acquaintance with such Excellent and Noble Authors, will tender our Society when we do meet together such as becomes Men of Education and Learning; will elevate our Thoughts and Discourse above the vulgar and usual Conversation, in which it is much below us to be found, will supply us with those Notions and Matter for Discourse, as will tender us not despicable, but venerable amongst those we shall hap to converse withal. In short, I look upon the thing of Libraries to be the great Desideratum, even here in England; and yet so sanguine am I, that I am fully persuaded I could propose those ways to the Reverend Clergy of the Kingdom, whereby they might be provided therewith with very little Charge to themselves or others. But to let that pass; and I shall think myself sufficiently happy, if I can accomplish a Design of this Nature elsewhere; the reason I so much insist upon the usefulness of 'em here, is to prove the Necessity thereof in the foreign Plantations; for here some few of the Clergy are able to buy a sufficient Stock of Books for themselves, but it is very rarely that those who go into America are in such a Condition; for Men of Interests and Fortunes love their Native Country too well, to venture themselves abroad. But the great Objection against our Design, will be the chargeableness thereof, in which respect when the Catalogue is read over, it will appear almost impossible to be accomplished. There are several Books laid down upon particular Heads, and the Charges of such a Library for every Parish will amount to many Hundred, if not some Thousand Pounds. But the Method I design to take in the disposing of these Libraries, will take of very much from the Formidableness of this Objection; for whereas there are sometimes a score of several Authors prescribed upon the same Subject, it is intended, that not above one or two upon every Point shall be allotted into each Private Library; and those who will not be satisfied without reading all that has been written by Authors of any Eminency upon every Theological Head (whose Noble Curiosity, Industry, and Thirst after useful Knowledge, I cannot but highly commend) those Worthy Persons may borrow of their Neighbouring Clergy the Books they themselves want, and they again of these; by which means there will also this Good accrue, that hereby a mutual Correspondence with one another will be maintained by the Clergy; a Correspondence in Re Literaria, the most useful and noblest Correspondence in the World, and which will tender 'em as considerable in Learning and Knowledge, as others are for their Wealth and Richeses. And if over and above these lesser Libraries cantoned into so many Parts, we can obtain but one General Library in the Province, consisting but of the whole set laid down in the following Catalogue: This is the utmost of our Expectation or desires. And here in these general Libraries alone it is that we shall dispose of the Ancient Writers, whether Fathers, or Philosophers mentioned in the Catalogue. I thought fit indeed to specify the particular Tracts written upon the several Heads by those Venerable Authors, as well as those which have been made by Modern Writers, as the most likely means I could think of, in order to their being read by the Lower Form of our Clergy. For as it is the same thing to the Learned part of the World, whether some Manuscripts and Pieces of the Ancients be really and utterly lost, or whether they be buried in dust in unfrequented Libraries, till now that some Persons of a Great and Noble Genius, are searching 'em out, in order to give us a Catalogue thereof: So the great Reason, as I apprehended, why the Lower Form of the Clergy are not more conversant in the Ancient Writers, is because several perhaps are not much acquainted, that many of the Subjects they have written upon, are the very same they themselves do daily Preach to the People: Whereas for instance, he that considers that Tertullian, Ambrose and Chrysostom have written upon Repentance, who amongst us would not ride some Miles to a Public Library to consult the Sense of those Perspicatious Writers before we put Pen to Paper ourselves. And now Reverend Sirs, I must earnestly request your Candour in passing a favourable Censure upon what follows. I have had but very little leisure, and was constrained to a very short time to draw up this following Catalogue: And at the best do pretend to very small Skill for such an Undertaking; But being designed for the Service of the Plantations by my Superiors, at whose absolute disposal I so much am, that I should think it a sin to dispute their Commands into any part of the World, where I have any reason to think it may be to the Service of God's Church to be sent by them; I did not know how I could be any ways serviceable in the Place I am designed for, without sending before me, or carrying over with me, for the use of the Church, I go to, some Provisions of this nature. But now my Hand is in, if I should found this part accepted, I do further design to draw out into a more particular Scheme, those two great Conditions of the Covenant of Grace; The several Articles included in our Creed, which we are to believe; And the various and numerous Duties included in Obedience, which we are to practice; And in the same Method as before, to subjoin the several Authors of best account, both Ancient and Modern, who have written upon those more particular Subjects. And also to this Part, I would add a List of all the most Considerable, both amongst the Ancient Homilies, and Modern Sermons, which have been published upon all the foregoing Heads of Pulpit Divinity, whether General or Particular. And when I shall have thus far provided Directions to those of my Brethrens, I am likely to be concerned with beyond Sea, as to give 'em an entire Scheme of what I humbly conceive more immediately necessary for 'em to understand themselves, and to instruct others in, in order to Salvation; I should be glad if some abler Pen, one that can pretend to Universal Learning, would give us a draught of those Studies, which though not so immediately necessary, are next thereunto, viz. exceedingly useful to perfect a Divine, such as the whole course of History, both Ecclesiastical and Civil; Physiology, and several other parts of Human Litherature, which are of no small concernment to the Ministers of Christ's Church to be Masters of: But if no one else should undertake this part though I have not Skill myself, I have Zeal enough to attempt any thing, though above my Power, for the good of God's Church, and the Honour of his Clergy, the great Interest of which, I think I can, and hope I shall be ever able to prefer to any of my own. ERRATA. PAge 27. line 7. read Idololatria, p. 28. l. 3. r. Anonymum, p. 29. l. 16. r. Xenophon, ib. l. 29. r. Antoninus, ib. l. ult, r. Macrobii, p. 34. l. 8. r. Hieronymi, p. 37. l. 23. r. fodder, p. 38. l. 3. r. Judaeorum, p. 41. l. 6. r. Bey. ib. l. 7. r. praefecturis, p. 41. l. 5. of the last of the inner Notes, r. 331. p. 43. l. 5. r. Scapula's, ib. l. 18. r. Glassii, p. 44. l. ult. r. Study, p. 48. l. 3. deal it was, ib. l. 22. deal our, p. 50. l. 19 r. ad Relationem, p. 54. r. Mediation, p. 64. l. 26. r. Legantur, p. 70. l. 7. r. Legantur, p. 74. l. 16. r. digesta, p. 75. l. 31. r. subjungi, p. 76. l. 1. r. Institutiones Justiniani, p. 78. l. 18. r. Ignoratio, p. 65. l. 15. r. than, p. 74. l. 1. of the inner Note, r. speret, and l. 5. Obsecret, p. 93. l. 21. r. Instructiones, p. 100 l. 28. r. Constitutions. THE INTRODUCTION THE Design of Publishing the following Proposals, and Catalogue, is in hopes that falling into the Hands of such who are Piously disposed, they may be thereby wrought upon to contribute towards the promoting the two best Things in the World, Religion and Learning, in those Parts which are most uncultivated therewith, the American Plantations. And indeed it is scarcely to be imagined, that those Persons who are throughly seasoned with true Piety, and are sensible of the inestimable Benefit which they themselves have received by the Preaching of the Gospel (by which alone they are distinguished from those Barbarous Indians, whose Spiritual Condition is truly deplorable; and whose Conversion is one thing herein aimed at, as well as the Instruction of those of our own Colonies.) It is not to be Imagined, I say, but that they should be hearty Wellwishers to such a Design, and contribute so far as they are able, towards carrying it on. It was Emphatically spoke to St. Peter by our Blessed Saviour, When thou art Converted, strengthen thy Brethrens, Luke 22.32. For a Soul throughly Converted, and burning with a fervent Love to God, will not only wish well to the Labours of others, but by all possible means will itself endeavour, that the Image of that God he loves, may be impressed likewise upon other men's Souls; and that all the World may join with him in the Adoration and Praises of that Blessed Saviour, from whom he does receive such unspeakable Benefits. Now, in reference to our Foreign Plantations, the Subject of our present Concern, I humbly conceive, there is scarcely any more effectual way to testify our Love to God, or the Souls of Men, by promoting the Glory of the one, and contributing to the common Salvation of the other, than by imparting something towards the providing of such Libaries therein, whereby the Clergy sent thither, may be enabled to instruct those People in the Doctrines of sound Belief and good Morals; the two great constituent parts of Christianity. For this in the first place, I will be bold to assert, That however some Persons, whose Enmity to the Clergy proceeds from their want of Love and Veneration to that God and Religion, to whom they do Minister (as is notorious, if we consider the Principles and Practices of those Men;) notwithstanding, I say, such are pleased to traduce the whole Order as useless, and a burden to the World; yet it is evidently owing to the Men of that Tribe, that Mankind has been so happily recovered from the Ignorance, Barbarity, and Brutish Manners into which it was sunk; and that Licentiousness, Rapine and Violence have given way to Purity, Justice and Humanity in those parts of the World where Pure and Genuine Christianity is taught; Nay, and it is owing to them, that where Human Sacrifices were once offered, now the Reasonable Service that the Gospel prescribes, which is to live Soberly, Righteously, and Godly, has prevailed in the World; and that where whole Provinces were Slaves to the Devil, they are now the Servants of God. And should a Nation, through the heavy Judgement of Heaven, become destitute of a Learned and a Pious Clergy, and be delivered up to the Malignant Principles of those who hate the Profession; Good God, to what Impurities, Rapines and Murders must such a wretched People be inevitably exposed! Such an inestimable Benefit to Mankind, are a Clergy that do throughly understand, and industriously preach the Genuine Doctrines of Christianity. Next, I presume I may safely assume this, that as the Clergy are more or lesle useful to those Excellent Ends of Improving and Perfecting the Minds of Men, accordingly as they are more or lesle Masters themselves of that Divine Knowledge which they are to Teach others; so it is not possible according to the present Dispensation of Divine Providence, that they should throughly understand it themselves, without the help of such Books as treat of all the Sacred Truths of Christianity. For now the Gospel being fully revealed, Inspiration is ceased, and Persons of all sorts, Clergy as well as Laity, are left to Study and Reading, as the only Means, whereby, together with God's Blessing, they can attain to that measure thereof, which is sufficient to inform themselves and others. And therefore Lastly, from hence it does follow, that such Charitable Persons as shall contribute towards the furnishing of the Clergy designed for the English Colonies abroad, with such means of Knowledge, as we propose, cannot but have a proportionable share both in the Virtue and in the Reward of that Blessed Work, whereby God's Kingdom is exalted in the World, and the Devil dispossessed of that Usurped Dominion he has gained over so great a part thereof. Such will in some measure, be accounted to have been Evangelists themselves, and will partake in the Reward of those who have turned many to Righteousness, by carrying the Gosspel to other Nations. And who is it that is piously Ambitious of being high in the Favour and Love of God, and of being exalted to a higher Station amongst the Blessed Saints above, that would not at the Charge of a Moderate Benefaction, be so Instrumental as this may tender him, towards the Salvation of a considerable part of Mankind? The Apostles we do all know, are to sit upon Twelve Thrones judging the Twelve Tribes of Israel. And wherefore is it that they shall be thus Honoured above all Men, but because they were the Grand Propagators of Christianity, and spared not to spend, and be spent in that Service, 2 Cor. 12.14. to reduce Mankind to the Obedience of God? And may not than those Persons expect a proportionable degree of Honour and Reward above their Brethrens, who shall offer of their Substance towards the same Noble and Blessed End? Charity, indeed of whatsoever kind it be, will have its Reward. He that gives Alms to the Poor, He that the Naked, or Feeds the Hungry, will found ic upon his Account at the Day of Judgement. But than as there are different ways of doing Good; so to provide Spiritual Food for the Souls of Men, is a Charity of as much a more exalted Nature, as the Spirit is more Excellent than the Body. Nor will this Charity terminate only on the Minds of those that receive it, but will also have a most happy Influence to the procuring of their Bodily Comforts, for wheresoever the Gospel of our Saviour prevails, it takes of that Freity of Nature whereby Mankind become Beasts of Prey, even Wolves and Tigers, to one another, and renders 'em Benign and Kind to all those who have to do with 'em; and ready to do all manner of good Offices to their Brethrens in Human Nature. So that you may ever observe, that proportionably as Divine Knowledge prevails in the World, in the same degrees do Barbarity, Rapine, Violence and Brutality decrease, and Humanity, Justice and Order gain ground amongst Men. And if the Authors from whence this Knowledge is derived, are not corrupted with such Principles as undermine Morality (which is visible in the Writings of some sort of Men) the tendency of Christian Books, as such, is to improve Mankind in all the Faculties and Powers of Soul and Body, to a similitude with the Holy Angels themselves; and indeed to tender 'em Partakers of the Divine Nature. This I say, if the Authors from whence this Knowledge is derived, be themselves good; for Men are generally such in their Principles, Tempers, and Dispositions, as the Books and Company are with which they Converse, since Evil Communications in either way do Corrupt good Manners: but such as do truly represent the Nature of that Covenant we have made with God in our Baptism, and do show us from thence, the indispensable Obligation lying upon us to a Holy Life; such as do set forth the Principles of our Religion as the most forcible Motives to live according to the Dictates of Right Reason, and the Improvements of Revelation; such Authors as these do manifestly tend, not to Debauch the Manners, but to Improve the Morals of Mankind, to that degree, as to bring down a kind of Heaven here upon Earth, and to tender the Inhabitants thereof Guardian-Angels to one another. And this has been the great Aim in that Collection of Books here Recommended, as proper to enable our Clergy to Advance the Blessed Work proposed in those Plantations where they are to Minister. It is hard to be answerable for every thing contained in all of 'em. There is no Human Writing free from Faults or Defects in some kind or other; But however there are no Errors in any of those Books here Proposed, which the Orthodoxy of others in the Catalogue will not rectify. And take 'em in the whole Bulk, they are thought to be some of the most useful in their kind, to give a competent Understanding of the whole Body of Christianity, and all its Parts. And as it is endeavoured, together with the Catalogue of Books here exhibited, to give a Scheme of Christian Truths in that Order wherein they do most naturally lie; so the very studying of 'em in such a Method, may probably tend, not a little to the Improvement of our American Clergy in Christian Knowledge, and to enable 'em the better to Edify others. For as the Studying of any Science incoherently, begets nothing but confused Apprehensions of things in our own Minds; so it will tender us incapable to give clear and adequate Representations thereof to other Men. And indeed it ought not to be dissembled, that this Catalogue is published with some design to help our Young Students in Theology, even on this side the Water, since it maybe a piece of Service to some of them, to direct 'em in the Choice of such Books, as will be of most necessary and immediate use to them in their Ministerial Instructions to the People, and which yet by the brevity of the Catalogue may be had, (some one at lest on each Head) without any great and insupportable Charge. True it is, there have been various Methods of Study given us by learned Men, with a List of those Authors they would Recommend to our use: But it is the general Complaint, that few or none seem to have Adapted their Catalogues to the Proper and Immediate Business of a Parish Minister, as he is one who must instruct his People in all things belonging to his Salvation; much lesle to the Circumstances of the greatest part of that Body, whose small Live, especially if they have Families, will not afford 'em wherewith to Purchase a third part of the Books Recommended to them in those Catalogues. Nor indeed, if they could buy them, would it be very agreeable to the Nature of their Business to do it; for either these learned Directors give us Lists of all the Authors that have Writ upon each Subject, or at lest of as many as they have perused and read themselves, and this generally through all the general parts of Learning, however remote and unnecessary to the particular business of a Preacher or Catechist; or if they have confined their Catalogues to such Books as are more Immediately Useful and Practical, yet they do not seem to have designed 'em in any great Order, whereby the Rationale of their Catalogue may clearly appear with respect to a Parish Minister, as if they intended thereby a Provision, especially for a through and entire Information of Teacher or Hearer in all the necessary and essential points of Christianity And hence it is that many Young Divines, if you come to examine their shelves, will be found either to have laid out what they could spare, in Books of a more remote concern, and thereby to have disenabled themselves to purchase those of a more immediate Importance. Or if they have expended their small Stock in Practical Divinity, yet their Collection will seem to be very Rickety, having a great redundance in Authors upon some points, and as great a deficiency on others. Whereas those in the mean Live by cutting of Superfluities, might be able by degrees to purchase one or two Books at lest, upon every of those Heads of Doctrine wherein it is necessary they should instruct the People; and for want of which, all the Terms of the Baptismal Covenant, are scarcely Preached over to them in many places, I fear, in the whole Course of some men's Ministry. And probably it is from this Observation, that some have been so importunate with me to Print the following Catalogue of Books designed for Parochial Libraries in the Foreign Plantations, upon which consideration I hope, it will not be imputed to me, as Arrogance, to offer what looks like a Direction in this case, especially when it is to my Brethrens of the lowest Form in the Church that I do herein apply myself. And yet so far am I from assuming to Dictate what Books, it may be sufficient, even for the most Inferior Rank of our English Divines to read, that I do thus far Retract what I have said with respect to any advanced to Holy Orders in this part of the World, where good Literature does so much flourish, and makes such a distinction in the value we put upon Men, that I do freely acknowledge it were much to be wished that every one of the Clergy here in England, should Launch out far into the vast Ocean of Universal Learning. For besides that we live here in a very Inquisitive Age, wherein Persons of all Ranks and Professions have arrived to great Attainments in all the parts of Knowledge; and it is not a little indecent to see a Gowns-Man, whose very Garb denotes him one Devoted to Study, outdone by any ordinary Laik, in Philology, Philosophy, Mathematics, Antiquity, or any part of useful Learning (except by Persons in their own proper Profession, to whom it is as decent on the other side to submit) besides this, I say, the Business of a Divine is of that comprehensive extent, that good Skill even in Nature, Mathematics and Laws, which may seem most remote from his Business, is not only Accessary and Ornamental to his Profession, but of exceeding great use for the Explication and Proof of some of the principal Subjects he is to Discourse upon to the People, and also for the Defence of the most Fundamental Articles of Faith, that he is to maintain against the Atheist and Antiscripturist. The Knowledge of Nature affords the best, the plainest, and the most demonstrative Proofs of the Existence, and Providence of God, to the Establishing of our Faith, and the Raising the Admiration and Devotion towards the Divine Majesty, both of the most Intelligent and of the Meanest of the People. Mathematical Knowledge is in some measure necessary, to enable one to give a Rational Account of the Truth of the Mosaic History of the Creation and Deluge; and to answer the Cavils and Exceptions of the Superficial and Half-learned Atheist, (as has in the Instance of the Ark, been unanswerably done by Bishop Wilkins, and in the like Cases bv other Pens.) And a competent Knowledge of the Laws, especially of the Civil Law, and of the Law of Nations, enables a Divine with the most convincing Arguments and Reasons to Establish the Doctrine of Christ's Satisfaction, one of the principal Articles of Revealed Religion. Insomuch that Crellius himself confessed before his Death, that he had never Written against Grotius upon that Subject, Didici, pauló antequam motenetur, dixisse Crellium, se nunquam contra me Scripturum fuisse, si ante Scriptionem legiss●t mea de penarum Communicatione in Jure Belli & Pacis Ep. 556. 2 part. had he first seen his Chapter de Communicatione paenarum. And indeed, many of the Social Duties of the Civil Life, are not likely to be so exactly stated by any, as by one well acquainted with the Laws and Customs of Nations. So that it is very requisite, that every Pastor of a Flock, especially in this Curious and Incredulous part of the World, should give himself up to farther Inquiries into Universal Learning, still making this his Rule, that he spends most of his Time and of his Thoughts upon what is Essential and immediately necessary to Man's Salvation, viz. the Terms of the Covenant of Grace; since to pursue any other Knowledge to the neglect of this, would in him be to gratify a sinful Curiosity. But as for those who are to serve in the Plantations, I do not not at this distance foresee the necessity of their being provided of more than such a Sett of Books, as shall be of absolute necessity to enable 'em to declare the whole Will of God, so as may suffice to the Information of Plain and Illiterate Men, that so they may be able with St. Paul, speaking to his Converts, to call the Consciences of those committed to their Charge, to attest also to them, that they are pure from the Blood of all Men, not having shunned to declare unto them all the Counsel of God. Not but that we could wish to have one Library of more Universal Learning, to have recourse to upon occasion, in every Province, and shall especially endeavour to have one in the College which is now Erecting in Virginia, by the Favour and Bounty of his most Excellent Majesty and our late B. Queen, and by the Liberal Benefactions of many Right Reverend, Noble, and Generous Persons, and by the Especial Industry, Care, and Expense of one of the best Provincial Governors in the World. But however, as it is fit we should be contented with small Beginnings, so we shall be deeply sensible of what Assistance shall be given us towards Parochial Libaries, and shall study in all manner of ways to express our Gratitude to our Benefactors for the same: particularly, as in order to the preservation of those Books, besides the Lettering upon their Covers to what Parish they belong, and the making of several Registers of 'em; one to be left with our most Honoured Diocesan the Lord Bishop of London; one with His Majesty's Governor in each Province; one with the Suffragan or Commissary; and one to be deposited in the Vestry of each Parish; as all this to preserve 'em from Loss or Imbezelment, or in order to recover 'em if any wise diminished; so in gratam rei Memoriam, there will be moreover added in each of these Registers, a List of our Benefactors, and of their respective Benefactions. But that which I am sure will be most grateful to such Lovers of Religion and useful Learning, we will by the Grace of God, make that good use of 'em we ought, to the purposes designed. We shall indeed think it hard to be sent to Work in the Brik-kilnes without out Allowance of Straw, but give us Materials and Tools, and we'll endeavour to be answerable to God and Man for our Fidelity and Labour. A general View of those Heads of Divinity, wherein it is necessary for every Pastor of a Flock to be well Read himself, that he may be able to Instruct the People committed to his Charge, in all the necessaries to Salvation, and may be sufficiently provided to defend 'em against the Infection of Heresy and Error. I. The Belief of the Divine Existence and Providence being the Foundation of all Religion, as well Natural as Revealed; it is very necessary in such an Age as this, wherein the very Foundations of both are tore up; that every Pastor of a Flock should not only be fully persuaded in his own mind of these most important Truths, but should be also very able to give the most convincing Evidence to all others of the same, and in order to that end, that he should be supplied with the Learned Writings of the best Authors both Philosophers and Divines, upon those points. But, II. Natural Religion, or that Train of Religious Principles, and Duties resulting from 'em, which by a due use of Reason, Experience and Consideration alone, without the Discoveries of Revelation; a Man may conclude he is obliged to Believe and Practise: This being the Religion that all Mankind, merely as Rational Creatures, are obliged to, and without the knowledge and observation of which, the very Pagan's themselves will be without excuse: It will be very requisite, that every Divine should well understand the extent and end thereof, both that he may be able to warn his People, lest under all the Advantages and Improvements in the Principles and Practice of Virtue made by Christianity, they fall short of the very Heathens in both; and especially that they may perceive themselves, and let others see the inestimable advantages we christian's have received in manifold respects, by the Light of the Gospel, which gives us a much better Rule to walk by, and proposes infinitely greater Rewards for our encouragement in so doing; and to this end therefore it will be very requisite he should be furnished with some or other of those many Books which have been so excellently written upon that Subsect. III. The mere Light of Nature being not sufficient to discover to us the Knowledge of God and ourselves, much lesle to direct us to the enjoyment of this God, and all those unspeakable blessings wherein consists our future happiness; and the Holy Scriptures being the Fountain of Divine and Saving Knowledge, from whence the Pastor of the Flock of Christ is to draw forth the Waters of Life both for his own and others benefit: It is principally requisite he should be provided of such Books as shall enable him, 1. To know the Text itself, and that both in the Original and Vulgar Tongues, 2. To understand the meaning of it; and 3. To apply it skilfully to the Edification of others. iv The design of God's revealing to us the Holy Scriptures, and that whole Evangelical Doctrine contained therein, being it was to destroy the Kingdom of Satan, which ever since the Fall, that rebellious Spirit had begun to set up in the World, in opposition to God's; and had advanced to almost an Universal Monarchy over Mankind, by that time the Son of God descended from Heaven to reduce us to the obedience of our Maker: And on the other side, its Design being to advance the Kingdom of God, consisting in Righteousness and true Holiness, and withal to humble us with a sense of our own Imperfect Righteousness, by making us depend solely upon the Mediation of Christ with the Father, for the Acceptance thereof to our Justification; This, I say, being its Design, and Satan being therefore enraged, that his Usurped Dominion should be wrested from him: So it is, that the Church-Militant is ever since, through his Instigation, and the Malignity of his Agents, in that unhappy State, that like the Walls of Jerusalem, it must be defended with a Sword in one hand, whilst Built with a Trowel in the other. All which considered, it is very requisite that our American Pastor should, next to his Knowledge in the Holy Scriptures, (out of whose Materials he is to build) be provided of those defenfensive Weapons wherewith he may be enabled to oppose the Gainsayers to that Christianity he is to propagate in the World: And for this End that he should be furnished with those Apologies, both Ancient and Modern, which have been written in defence of the Authority of the Scriptures, and of the Truth of Christianity; And also with such Discourses as Illustrate those Noble and Blessed Ends abovementioned, which it was designed to serve. V Our American Pastor being thus far prepared towards his great Work of Preaching the Gospel, as to know and understand the Scriptures, and to be convinced himself, and to be able to convince others, both of their Truth; and of the great Designs, they, and the whole of that Religion contained in 'em, are to serve: He may be supposed capable by this time to take a comprehensive View of the whole Scheme of Christianity; and also to form a true Judgement of all that which really does, or is pretended by the several Parties of Christians to belong thereunto. And indeed since it is generally accounted the best Method in the pursuit of any Knowledge, to begin first with some general Institution, and than to descend to inquire into the particular Parts thereof: For the more comprehensive Knowledge of the whole Body of Christian Theology, and that all Divine Truths may be understood in that natural Order and Connection wherein they depend upon, and add Strength one to another; it is much desired that our American Pastor might be furnished with some few Bodies of Divinity, and that both Scholastical and Catechetical. VI But tho' the Priests and Ministers of Religion, whose Lips should preserve Knowledge, are to take in a much greater Compass thereof, than is necessary they should Instruct all Christians in; nay, and tho' those narrower Bodies of Divinity, which under the last Particular we termed Catechetical, because they treat only of Points necessary to Salvation: Thou Books of this Nature, I say, are what all who pretend to teach others, ought to be well acquainted with themselves (be the Method they proceed in what the Author pleases) yet since the Covenant of Grace, that Covenant, which was obtained for the fallen Race of Man from God the Father, by the sole Mediation of his only Begotten Son, and that with no lesle a Price than his own most precious Blood; since this Covenant, we are sure and certain, contains the full Sum and Substance of what God has promised to us, and what we have engaged to God; This Covenant must therefore be that Subject, which every Minister of the Gospel ought to penetrate above all others, to the very Bottom, and to be most tightly skilled in the Nature, Terms and Conditions thereof; and in every the lest circumstance pertaining thereunto. And therefore, since of all the Catechisms that the Church of God has at this day, that of the Church of England does most fully, without the Defalcation of any Article of this Covenant, and yet most sincerely, without the mixture of any Heterogeneous, Disputable, or Scholastical Tenets, and (that no perfection may be wanting) most Methodically also, handling this noble Subject first Generally, and than particularly; Since the Catechism of the Church of England, I say, has delivered to us the Covenant of Grace so very full, defecate, and methodical; it must be therefore the concern of every Minister of Religion, as to comprehend entirely this Blessed Covenant; so to study throughly this excelleent Catechism; and all this with the utmost Application, till he shall make both one and the other the Masterpiece of his Knowledge. And therefore, in order to a complete and exact understanding of Both, we cannot forbear here most importunately to desire that our Indian Clergy should be provided of such Authors, as pursuant to the Method of our Church Catechism, may accordingly inform 'em in this Covenant of Grace, and thereby enable 'em to instruct the People in all its weighty Parts, so as every Private Christian may fully understand his Baptismal Vow, as well in the general extent of the whole, as in the particular Articles of every Branch thereof. VII. But since it is not enough for a Christian to know his Covenant Engagements towards God; but he must be also acquainted with the means whereby he may effectually perform all those Conditions prescribed for the obtaining the Pardon of his Sins, and eternal Life and Happiness; 'Tis therefore very requisite, that every Pastor of a Flock should be furnished with such Books as Treat most Judiciously both of that Divine Assistance, which is the supernatural Means whereby we shall be enabled to discharge our Obligations towards our Maker, and also of Prayer and the Sacraments, which are the Moral and Positive Means; the former of which is prescribed by God as the way to obtain, the latter ordained as the means to convey this Grace to the Souls of Men, whereby they may be enabled to perform all the Conditions required of them by Christ in the Covenant of which we are now speaking. VIII. Furthermore, being the End of that Divine Knowledge before-mention d, is to enable the Pastor to feed his Flock with all that is necessary to Salvation; and since Preaching (now that Catechising is so much neglected, more is the pity) is become, in a manner, the sole Method of Public Instruction: The better to enable our American Pastor most skilfully and successfully to apply thereby that knowledge he has made himself Master of, to the greatest good of those Souls committed to his Charge, it will be very requisite he should be furnished with the best Precedents and Assistances to that Purpose; if not with the ancient Homilies of the most Renowned Preachers amongst the Primitive Fathers (which are easier wished than obtained) at leastwise with the Sermons of later Writers: But especially I must insist upon having some of the Modern Sermons of our English Divines, which as they are (many of them) incomparably the Best, and the exactest Performances of that Nature, and there are scarce any of the foremention'd Subjects of Practical Divinity which have not been handled in 'em; so the best Discourses of that kind are doubly necessary for our Indian Pastor; namely, both to the farther Improvement of his own Understanding in those great Terms of Man's Salvation, and also for his Imitation in his own Composures in that Nature for the Edification of his People. IX. Hitherto we have been providing only for a Peaceable and Practical Divinity, whose whole tendency being to reduce us from the Slavery of Satan to the Obedience of God; to promote in us a Holy Life: And than to humble us in the sense of its Imperfection, by sending us to the Mediation of Christ for the Acceptance thereof to our Justification; these being, I say, the noble Ends of the Christian Religion; 'tis pity we, who are its Ministers, should be troubled with any Amusements to distracted us from being serviceable in such its Glorious Designs, to the Reformation and Benefit of Mankind: And therefore it is not without the greatest regret, that I can think of admitting Polemical Discourses into our Foreign Libraries, wishing that the Church of God might be Built like Solomon's Temple, without the Noise of Axes and Hammers: But since through the Artifice of Satan the corrupt Seed of Heresy and Error has heretofore, and will be hereafter sowed in the Church, to the subversion of a sound Faith, and the good Life of too many; to obviate or cure the Poison thereof, there is too sad an occasion for admitting some Controversial Divinity even into our Parochial Libraries. X. And since it has been found by Experience in every Age, that the success of all our Labours, whether in Preaching or Disputing, depends entirely, in a manner, upon the Holiness of our Lives: And through the Malignity of the World, (which is more quicksighted to discern the minutest Failures, than the most shining Virtues of the Ministers of Religion) the scandals of one vicious Clerk shall Influence a Parish to more Wickedness, and occasion the People's running more into Heresy and Schism, than the Industry and Piety of Ten the most Virtuous and Laborious of the Clergy shall be able to retrieve from either. To complete our American Clergy for the Purposes of their Ministry, and our Libraries also, for the Purposes also of making 'em fit for it, and successful in it: lt is desired they should have always before 'em such Authors as will first direct 'em in their Studies, Offices, and Duties, and excite them to Care and Vigilance in the Practice of them. Secondly, as will lay before them the Best Examples of each to be a Copy and Pattern for them to follow: And lastly, such Materials and Helps for Devotion, as will advance 'em to the highest degrees of Perfection in a Holy and Spiritual Life. These foregoing Heads are a train of such Theological Points, as with submission to better Judgements, are thought to be of more Immediate concernment both to Minister and People; to the former, to be throughly read, to the latter, to be well instructed in. There are besides these other parts of Knowledge also, which may be very subservient to Theology, but they being rather to be esteemed accessary, and in some measure useful, than absolutely necessary for the Physician of Souls to be skilled in, they may perhaps have a particular draught made of them distinctly by themselves. The foregoing General Heads of Theology drawn out into Particulars, with a Catalogue of Books proper to be Read upon the several Points contained therein. I. THE Belief of the Divine Existence and Providence being the Foundation of all Religion, as well Natural as Revealed, it is very necessary in such an Age as this, wherein the very Foundations of both are tore up, that every Pastor of a Flock should not only be fully persuaded in his own Mind of the certainty of these Important Truths, but be very able likewise to give the most convictive Evidence of their Verity to all others: And in order to that End he ought to be supplied with the Learned Writings of the Best Authors, as well Philosophers as Divines, upon each of these two Fundamental Points, viz. I. The Divine Existence and Providence. Dr. Cudworth's Intellectual System. Fol. Dris. Sam. Parkeri Disputationes de Deo. 4 o. N. These or any of 'em are proper to be the first Read upon this Subject, as giving an Historical Account of Atheism and its Authors, as well as a Confutation of their Opinions. And there is no coming to a true understanding of the state of any Question, without first knowing the History thereof; After which may be read, First, Amongst the Ancient Writers. Cicero de Natura Deorum Lib. 3. — de Divinatione Libri 2. Plutarch de iis qui tardè à Numine Corripiuntur. Juvenalis Satyrae 10 & 13. Seneca cur Bonis Viris mala accidunt. Lactantius de Opificio Dei. Sancti Basilii de Providentia Concio 22. Sancti Chrysostomi Orationes 5 de Providentia Divina. — de Providentia Dei ad Stagirium Monachum Lib. 3. Sancti Theodoreti de Providentia Orationes 10. Salvianus de Gubernation Dei. N. Vide Minutii Faelicis Octavium p. 16. etc. ex Ed. Ouzelii. Lactantii Inst. Lib. 1. 2. N. As to the Editions both of the Fathers and Philosophers hitherto and hereafter to be mentioned, I refer the Reader to Dr. Cave 's Historia Literaria, Ellies Dupins New Ecclesiastical History, and Sir Thomas Pope-Blounts Censura Authorum, which as they are Books that ought not to be wanted, if possible to be obtained; so they give the fullest Account of the various and best Editions. Secondly, Amongst later and more modern Writers. Sir Charles Wolesley against Atheism. 8 o. Dr. Henry Moor's Antidote against Atheism. 8 o. Bp. Ward's Essay towards an Eviction of the Being and Attributes of God, 8 o. Gerar. Vossius de Theologia Gentili & Physiologia Christiana, sive de Origine ac progressu Idolatriae, deque Naturae Mirandis quibus Homo adducitur ad Deum. Fol. Sir Matthew Hales' Primitive Origination of Mankind. Fol. Dr. Bates' Considerations of the Existence of God. 8 o. Dr. Bentley's Sermons at Mr. boil's Lecture. 4 o. Mr. Boil of Final Causes. 12 o. Mr. Ray's Wisdom of God in the Creation of Man. 8 o. Dr. Pelling's Discourse on the Existence of God. 8 o. Dr. Sherlock upon Providence. 4 o. Mr. Charnock upon Providence. 8 o. or at the End of the Attributes. Lessius de Numine ejusque Providentia inter Opuscula. Fol. Hackwel's Apology. Fol. Dr. Henry Moore's Divine Dialogues concerning Providence. 2 Vol. 8 o. Mr. Edward's Discourse on the Existence and Providence of God, 8 o. N. Vide Joh. Damascenum de Fide orthodoxa. Lib. 1. Petr. Lomb. Lib. 1. Distinct. 3. And all the other Summaries and Systems of Theology hereafter mentioned, in the common Places de Deo, & de Providentia. As also the Expositions of the Creed upon the first Article thereof: Particularly Dr. Barrow on the Creed, from p. 87. to p. 139. Dr. Scot 's Christian Life, Part 2. from p. 81. to p. 271. Origenes Sacrae from p. 361. to p. 533. Mr. Smith 's Select Discourses, from p. 1. to p. 165. and particularly with respect to the Atheistical Tenets of Hobbs and Spinoza may be read; Dr. Tenison against Hobbs. 8 o. Gisberti Coquei Hobianismi Anatome. 8 o. Regneri à Mansfelt adversus Anonimum Theologo-Politicum Liber singularis, in quo omnes & singulae Tractatus Theologo-Politici Dissertationes Examinantur & Refelluntur, cum praemissa Disquisitione de Divina per Naturam & Scripturam Revelatione. 4 o. Poireti Cogitationes de Deo. 4 o. II. Natural Religion, or that Train of Religious Principles and Duties resulting from them, which, by a due use of Reason, Experience, and Consideration, a Man may, without the Discovery of Revelation, conclude he is obliged to Believe and Practise: This being the Religion that all Mankind, merely as Rational Creatures, are governed by, and without the knowledge and observation of which, the very Pagan's themselves will be without Excuse: It will be very requisite that every Divine should well understand the extent and end thereof; and that for these two Reasons, First, That he may be able to warn his People, lest, under all the Advantages and Improvements in the Principles and Practice of Virtue made by Christianity. they fall short of the very Heathens in both: And Secondly, That he may perceive himself, and show to Others, the inestimable Advantages we christian's have received by the Light of the Gospel, which gives us a much better Rule to walk by, and proposes infinitely greater Rewards for our Encouragement in so doing; And therefore, for the Ends , it will be requisite our Divine should be furnished with some or other of these following Books: I. Of the Ancient Philosophers. Diogenes Laertius de vitis Philosophorum. N. I place him first, renitente Chronologia, amongst this Sett of Writers, because it may be very useful to know the History of our Subject, before we enter upon farther Inquiries therein; and therefore for that Reason I shall also adventure to place here, though so much more remote in point of Time. Stanley's Lives of the Philosophers, Fol. Ger. Vossii de philosophia & Philosophorum Sectis Libri 2. 4o. Isocrates. Zenophon. Platonis Opera. Aristotelis Opera. Aeliani Varia Historia per Kutinium. Stobaei Opera. Ciceronis Opera. Valerius Maximus. Seneca per Lipsium. Maximus Tyrius. Epictetus' cum Scholiis Simplicii & Ariani. Plutarchi Moralia. Salustius Graec. & Latin. Inter Galei Opuscula Mythologica, 8o. Cant. 1971. M. Antoninas Τῶν Καθ ' εαυτὸν per Gatakerum. Plotinus. Hierocles. Macrobrii Opera. Jamblicus. Proclus De Theologia Platonica. N. And to these may be also added those amongst the Ancient Poets, in whom there is found such Excellent Morality, as Ovid. Cum Notis Variorum, aut In Usum Delphini. Horatius. Cum Notis Variorum, aut In Usum Delphini. Juvenalis. Cum Notis Variorum, aut In Usum Delphini. Persius. Cum Notis Variorum, aut In Usum Delphini. Senecae Tragediae. Cum Notis Variorum, aut In Usum Delphini. Phaedri. Fabulae. Aesopi. Fabulae. N. In these Heathen Moralists may be seen, how far the mere Light of Nature, without the help of Revelation, could direct those that attended to its Dictates, in the Knowledge of God and themselves, and in the Practice of Virtue; except it be said as to some of the later Platonists since our Saviour's Time, that they having had a sight of the Gospel, they were taught thence to refine their Theology and Morals. II. Of the later and more Modern Writers upon Natural Religion. Pfhanneri Systema Theologiae Gentilis Purioris, quâ quam propè ad veram Religionem Gentiles accesserint per cuncta ferè ejus Capita, ex ipsis praecipuè illorum Scriptis ostenditur, 4o. Bishop Wilkins of Natural Religion, 8o. Raymundi de Sabunde Theologia Naturalis, 8o. Dr. Scot 's Christian Life, Part 2. Vol. 1. Ld. Ch. J. Hales 's Knowledge of God and ourselves, Part 1. A Discourse of Natural and Revealed Religion, or the Light of Nature a Guide to Divine Truth, 8o. London 1691. N. To these it may be also thought proper to add that Sett of Authors who have written upon the Laws of Nature, as Grotius, Puffendorf, etc. But these Learned Writers considering the Duties that Natural Reason dictates, In Theologia, Lex consideratur prout innexam habet divinam promissionem, & quandam rationem Foederis inter Deum & Homines. Abs qua consideratione jus Naturale abstrahit, quod finis Disciplinae Naturalis tantum ambitu hujus Vitae includatur, adeoque ea hominem format prout hanc Vitam sanabilem exigere de beaten. Puffendorf. de Off. Hom. & Civis Ep. ad Lec. not as respecting God and another World, but as relating to the well-being of the Animal and Social Life here upon Earth: These Duties as handled by them, will scarcely come under the Notion of Religious: Or if they do, they are but one part of Natural Religion, and fall under our consideration properly enough when we shall come to that Article of the Covenant, Evangelical Obedience; whereas our Design is in this Place to set down those Authors both Pagan and Christian, who have delivered to us, as well the Principles of Natural Religion, as the Duties resulting from them. III. And for a Nexus between Natural and Revealed Religion. Mr. Boil of the Use of Reason in Religion. — Excellency of Theology compared with Natural Philosophy, 8 o. Velthusius de Usu Rationis in rebus Theologicis, 4 o. Mr. Glanvil's Vanity of Dogmatizing, or Confidence in Opinions, manifested in a Discourse of the Shortness and Uncertainty of our Knowledge and its Causes, 4 o. — A seasonable Recommendation and Defence of Reason in the Affairs of Religion against Infidelity, Sceptiscim, and Atheism of all sorts, 4 o. N. To which also may be added, such as discourse of those Dispositions of Mind necessary to the Reception of Divine Truth, especially of the Christian Doctrine: To which End may be read Mr. Smith of the True Way and Method of attaining to Divine Knowledge, in his Select Discourses, from p. 1. to p. 21. Dr. Jackson in his Works fusè. III. The mere Light of Nature being not sufficient of itself, to discover to us the full Knowledge of God and ourselves, much lesle to direct us how to attain to the Enjoyment of God, and all those unspeakable Blessings wherein consists our future Happiness: And the Holy Scriptures being the Fountain of Divine and Saving Knowledge, from whence the Pastor of the Flock of Christ is to draw forth the Waters of Life, both for his own and others Benefit: It is principally requisite he should be provided of such Books, as shall enable him, I. To know the Text itself, and that both in the Original and Vulgar Tongues; II. To Understand the meaning of it; And, III To apply it skilfully to the Edification of others. I. For the Knowledge of the Text itself. First, It will be requisite to have it in its several Languages. 1. In the Original and Learned Languages. Athias' Heb. Bible, Ed. per Leusden, 8 o. Or, Arias Montanus' Interliniary Bible, Fol. The Septuagint Bible, Camb. 12. or Amstel. 40. Beza's Greek Testament, Fol. Or, Novum Testamentum, Graec. Curcellaei variis Lect. 8 oh Novum Test. Graec. Oxonii variis Lect. 8 o. Or, Novum Test. Doctoris Millii Variis Lect. when Published, Fol. Biblia Vulgata Sixti 5ti. Rom. 1590. Or, since this is scarce. Biblia Vulgata Clementis Octavi, often Printed. N. Both these last are declared by the Church of Rome to be Authentic, though they contradict each other. Or instead of all the former (as containing the rest for the most part, and a great deal more, and of as easy a Purchase as all of them will be.) Biblia Polyglotta. Waltoni cum Ap. 6 Vol. Fol. Biblia Lat. Junii & Tremellii, Fol. or 4 o. 2. In the Vulgar Tongue. An English Bible. N. Of which the the most useful at present is that with Bishop Ʋsher 's Chronology, and Dr. Scattergood 's References in the Margin, Fol. or 4 o. Secondly, It will be requisite to distinguish the Canonical Books and Parts thereof from those bound up with it, which are Apocryphal. Dr. Raynolds de Libris Apocryphis, 2 Vol. 4 o. Bishop Cosin's Scholastical History of the Canon of the Holy Scripture, 4 o. Alexander Morus de Canone Scripturae, 4 o. N. Here may be read the Controversies with the Papists hereafter mentioned upon the Title de Canone Scripturae; as also Elies Dupin 's Preliminary Dissertation about the Authors of the Bible in the 1st. Vol. of his New Ecclesiastical History, from p. 1. to p. the 50. II. To understand the meaning of the Text, it will be requisite to have, First, Such Books as give preparatory Directions for the Understanding, and Explaining, and the Profitable Reading of the Holy Scriptures. 1. Amongst the Fathers and Ancient Writers. Augustini de Doctrina Christiana Libri 4. Hieronomi Ep. ad Paulinum. 2. Among the Later and more Modern Writers. Hyperius de Sacrae Scripturae Lectione, 8 o. Bishop Patrick's Search the Scriptures; A Treatise showing that all Christians ought to Read the Holy Books; with Directions to them therein, 8 o. Secondly, Such as Interpret and Assoil the Difficulties that Occur in Reading; whether those Difficulties lie in Understanding, First, the Subject-Matter of some of the more extraordinary and uncommon Things contained in the Scriptures; or Secondly, in the Language or Expression wherein the Holy Writ does declare the Will of God to Mankind; or Thirdly, in both Matter and Expression. 1. As to the Difficulty of understanding some of the more uncommon Matters contained in the Scriptures, such as the Mosaic History of the Creation and Deluge; the Scripture-Geography, Chronology, and History; the Structure and Dimensions of the Ark and Temple, Jewish Laws, Rites, Customs, Worship and Sacrifices; The Nature of Sacred Dreams, Visions, Oracles and Prophecies; Scripture-Coi●s, Weights, and Measures; and lastly the Natural History of Scripture Animals, Plants, and also Diseases; These Matters being purely Scriptutural, it is requisite a Divine, as he would aim at being perfect in his Profession, should have some competent Skill therein. And for that End, First, Upon the Mosaic History of the Creation and Deluge may be Read, Sir Matthew Hale's Primitive Origination of Mankind, Fol. Dr. Woodward's Natural History of the Earth, 8 o. Mr. Whiston's New Theory of the Earth, 8 o. N. Here also Read Origines Sacrae, Book. 3. Chap. 2, 3, 4, 5. Secondly, Upon Scripture-Geography. Adrichomii Terrae Sanctae Descriptio, & Tabula Chorographica. Item. Jacobi Bonfrerii Annotationes in Adrichomii Descritionem; & Joh. Lightfoot Animadversiones in Tabulas Chorographicas Terrae Sanctae. Haec tria in Ap. Bib. Polyglot. Walton. Bocharti Geographia Sacra, cum Stephani Morini Dissertatione de Paradiso Terrestri, Fol. Ludg. Bat. 1692. N. Nota Quod huic Editioni accesserunt variae Dissertationes & Epistolae de Paradisi Terrestris situ, ex Epistola ad Bochartum. Initio libri. Gas. Varerii de Ophira Disputatio inter Crit. Sac. Tom. 8. p. 459. Fuller's Pisgah-Sight of Palestine, and the Confines thereof: with the History of the Old and New Testament acted thereon, Fol. Dr. Lightfoot's Chorography and Map of Canaan, Jerusalem, and of the Temple, in his Works. More's large Map with Dr. William's Amendments. A Map of St. Paul's Travels. Thirdly, For Scripture-Chronology. Ludovici Capelli Chronologia sacra a condito Mundo ad Captivitatem per Romanos, Deducta ex sola Sacra Scriptura, perpetua Serie Concinnata, Certis κρίτηριοις ex ea deductis quantum fieri potest, Firmissimè comprobata, Aliquot Tabulis cum eorum probationibus Comprehensa. In Ap. Bib. Polyglot. Wal. Lightfoot's Chronicle, and the Order of the Times of the Old Testament, with his Harmony, Chronicle, and Order of the New, which with the rest of his Works, are in 2 Vol. Fol. London, 1674. Fourthly, For Scripture History. Josephus. Sulpitii Severi Historiae Sacrae Libri 2. And for both Scripture and concurrent History also, together with a more exact Chronology. Vsseri annal Vet. & Nou. Testamenti cum Sacra Chronologia Par. 1673. Spondani Annales Sacri a Mundi Creatione usque ad Redemptionem. Lugd. 1659. N. Spondani Annales ad haec Tempora, Extant 5 Vol. Fol. Saliani Annalium Ecclesiasticorum Vet. Testamenti Epitome. Par. 1664. Fol. Robinsoni Annales Mundi Sacri & Seculares. Lond. 1677. Fol. Jani Bercherodii Lumen Historiae Sacrae Veteris & Novi Testamenti per Tabulas Chronologicas. Fol. N. My Design here being only to provide for the better Understanding of the Scripture; I do not in this place make a Draught of Chronology aend History below the Scripture Times; which however being a most necessary Accomplishment to a Divine, must be done elsewhere in its proper place. Fifthly, Upon the Dimensions of the Ark and Temple. 1. Of the Structure and Dimensions of the Ark. Mathoei Hosti in fabricam Arcae diligens Inquisitio inter Crit. Sacr. p. 103. Buteonis Arca No, cujus formae Capacitatisque fuerit Libellus ib. Tom. 8. p. 83. N. That that part of Bishop Wilkins's Real Character, wherein he gives an account of the Dimensions of the Ark, and demonstrates its Capacity to contain all the Creatures, which are related by Moses to have been received therein, together with their Food and Father, necessary for their Sustenance, ought especially to be read upon this Subject. 2. Of the Temple. Ludovici Capelli Templi Hierosolymitani triplex Delineatio, una ex Scriptura, juxta mentem Villalpandi, & Descriptionem ab eo factam; Altera ex Josephi ment & Descriptione; Tertia ex Judaeorum in Talmude Descriptione, & juxta mensuras ab ipsis istic traditas. In Ap. Bib. Poliglot. Wa. l Dr. Lightfoot's prospect of the Temple, especially as it stood in the Days of our Saviour, in his Works, 1 Vol. p. 1049. Sixthly, Upon Jewish Laws, Rites, Customs, Worship and Sacrifices. Joh. Buxtorfii Synagoga Judaica de Judeorum fide, Ritibus & Ceremoniis. Basil 1661. 8 o. Spencer de Legibus Hebraeorum Ritualibus & earum Rationibus. Lond. 1689. Fol. N. But as many Learned Men will advice, Caute Legendus, and especially on the Subject of the following Author who has performed excellently upon it. Dr. Outram de Sacrificiis. 4 o. or 8 o. N. See also Mr. Thorndike's Religious Assemblies, wherein there is much of the foregoing Argument per totum. And also Dr. Hooper on the Lent-Fast, from p. 149. ad finem. Seventhly, Upon the Nature of Sacred Prophecies, Dreams, Visions, and Oracles. Molinoei Vates. 8 o. Amyraldus of Divine Dreams. 8 o. N. Here also may be read Mr. Smith 's Select Discourses, wherein he Treats of Prophecy, from p. 169. to p. 280. Origines Sacrae, from p. 149. to p. 250. Hermanni Witsii Miscellanea Sacra quibus fusè agitur de Prophetia & Prophetis. Eighthly, Upon the Jewish Sects. Drusius de Sectis Judaicis Commentarius. 4 o. N. Vide Goodwin 's Antiquities. Ninthly, Upon Scripture Weights and Measures. Mr. Brerewood de ponderibus & pretiis Hebraicorum, Aliorumque veterum Nummorum, eorumque cum Recentioribus Collatione. Briani Waltoni Supplementum de Siclorum formis & Inscriptionibus, cum eorum explicatione. Tractatus de Antiquis ponderibus, monetis & mensuris Hebraeorum, Graecorum, Romanorum, ex variis Authoribus. Haec Tria Opuscula in Ap. Bilior. Polyglot. Bishop Cumberland's Scripture Weights and Measures. 8 o. Dr. Bernard de mensuris & Ponderibus Antiquis. 8 o. N. Those who cannot have Leisure, nor think they are much concerned to be Critics upon this Subject; may take up with the Account of Scripture Weights and Measures given 'em at the latter end of the Fol. and Qu. Bibles Printed of late Years at Oxford. Tenthly, Upon the Natural History of Scripture Animals, Plants, and Diseases. Valesius de Sacra Philosophiâ. Bochartus de Animalibus Scripturae, opus Bipartitum, cujus Pars prior Libris 4 de Animalibus in genere, de Quadrupedibus, Viviparis & Oviparis, pars posterior. Lib. 6. de Avibus, Serpentibus, Insectis Aquaticis, & fabulosis Animalibus agit. 2 Vol. Fol. Lugd. Bat. 1692. Sir Thomas Brown's Observations upon several Plants mentioned in Scripture being the first of his Miscellany Tracts, 8 o. or amongst his Works Collected into a Fol. Guliel Ader Med. D. Enarrationes. Enarrantur Aegroti Nou. Test. quorum dum Explicantur morbi; ex eorum patria, temperies, Aetas, & Vitae conditio inquiritur, hosque arte Medicâ Incurabiles fuisse demonstratur. Inter Crit. Sac. Tom. 9 Lastly, Upon the preceding, or any other parts of Jewish Antiquities, whether Reducible or not, to the foregoing Heads. Philonis Opera Varia. Ariae Montani Antiquitatum Judaicarum Libri 9 In queis praeter Judaeae, Hierosolymorum, & Templi Solomonis Accuratam Delineationem, praecipui Sacri, ac profani, Gentis Ritus describuntur. N. Inter Crit. Sac. Tom. 8. p. 524. Cornelius Bertramus de Repub. Hebraeorum Recensitus, Commentarioque Illustratus, Opera Const. L'Empereur. ib. p. 750. Cunaeus de Repub. Hebraeorum. ib. p. 818. Sigonius de Repub. Hebraeorum. 4 o. Goodwin's Jewish Antiquities. 4 o. Joh. Dieterici Antiquitates Biblicae de Rebus Judaeorum & Gentilium 2 Vol. Giessae Hassorum. Fol. 1671. Herm. Witsii Miscellaneorum Sacrorum Libri Quatuor. Quibus agitur de Prophetia & Prophetis, de Tabernaculi Mysteriis, de Synedriis Hebraeorum, de cultu Molochi, de Seculo hoc & futuro. 4 o. Hospinianus de Festis & Templis Judaeorum, Ethnicorum, & Christianorum. Fol. Seldeni varia hujus Argumenti, viz. De Diis Syris Syntagmata duo cum Briero, 2 Vol. 8 o. De Successione in Pontificatum Hebraeorum Franc. ad Oderam 1673. 4 o. De Anno Civili & Kalendario Judaico, Lugd. Bat. 1683. 4 o. De Synedriis & prefecturis Vet. Heb. Lib. 3. Amst. 1679. 4 o. Uxor Hebraica sive de Nuptiis & Divortiis Lib 3. Franc. 1673. 4 o. N. It will not be wondered at that so many Writers upon Jewish Antiquities should be prescribed, when it is considered that many Christian Institutions are derived by our Saviour and his Apostles from Jewish Usages; nay, the whole Oeconomy and Government of the Church under the Gospel is taken from the Synagogue, and carries an express Analogy and Similitude to the legal administration of those Times. So the Baptising of Children bears Relation to the Baptising the Children of the Proselytes, and is undeniably to be Justified from that Usage; the Lord's Supper answers to the Paschal Lamb; Liturgies amongst Christians to Forms of Prayer amongst the Jews; Presbyters and Deacons to Priests and Levites; the Twelve Apostles to the Twelve Heads of Tribes. And St. Clemens Romanus under the Title of Highpriest, Priests and Levites, Epist. prima ad Corinthios p. 119 Ed. Colomesii. does manifestly design the Bishop, his Priests and Deacons. In short, Ordination by Imposition of Hands is derived from their Ordinination in the Synagogue, and the Christian way of Excommunication is expressly taeken from theirs. And the Learned Lightfoot, as he has observed and proved much of this Nature throughout his Works; so of the whole Writings of St. Paul he tells us, that in all his Epistles, especially in that to the Hebrews, he useth exceeding much, Lightfoot, Vol. 1. p. 341 or as it ought to be Printed, 333. not only of the Jews Dialect, Language and Learning; but also of allusion and reference to their Opinions, Traditions, and Customs: So that it will be a thing of great Consequence for a clear comprehension of the Gospel, to be well seen in the Jewish Antiquities, both Sacred and Civil; the want of which, in these unhappy bleeding Times, has been the cause of so many wild, and to knowing Men, ridiculous Disputes, about Excommunication, Ordination, Infant Baptism, etc. 2. As to the Difficulty of understanding the Language and Expressions wherein the Holy Writ does declare the Will of God to Mankind; To Master this it will be requisite, First, To understand something in general of the Nature, Origine, Division, Number, Mutations, and use of Tongues. Briani Waltoni in Biblia Polyglot. Prolegomena in Appar. Crinesius de Consusione Linguarum. Chr. Cellarii Sciagraphia Philologiae Sacrae Linguarum Orientalium usum Genuinum delineans Jenae 1678. 4 o. Secondly, It will be requisite to have some Glossaries and Lexicons for both Hebrew and the Hellenistical Greek. 1. For the Hebrew. Castelli Lexicon Heptaglotton 2 Vol. Fol. necessary for those who have the Polyglot Bible. Buxtorfii Lexicon Talmudicum, Chaldaicum, Rabbinicum, etc. which he calls his Opus Triginta annorum, and will not only serve for a Dictionary, but is a great Thesaurus Criticus of all Talmudidical and Rabbinical Words and Customs, as well as of purer Hebrew. Fol. Robertson's Thesaurus Linguae Sanctae. 4 o. 2. For the Hellenistical Greek. Hesychius Or, Su●das, Or, Phavorinus. Stapula's Lexicon. Robertson's Thesaurus Linguae Graecae, useful also for the Greek Testament. 4 o. Thirdly, It will be of singular use towards the thorough understanding of the Scripture Language, to know the Idiotisms, Phraseology, and Schemes of Speech peculiar to the Sacred Penmen, and to that purpose to have ready at hand the Explicatio Idiotismorum seu proprietatum Linguae Hebraicae & Graecae, quae saepius in Scriptures occurrunt. In Ap. Bib. Polyglot. Leigh's Critica Sacra. Fol. Glassi Philologia Sacra veteris & Novi Testamenti, de Stylo & Rhetorica Sacrae Scripturae. Amst. 1694. 4 o. Flaccii Illirici Clavis Scripturae. Joh. Drusii classes duae in quibus explicantur Proverbia Sacra, & ex Sacris l●teris orta; Item sententiae Solomonis, Allegoriae, etc. Item Adagia Hebraica. Opus necessarium Theologis. Inter Crit. Sac. Tom. 8. 1596. And also single by itself. Delrii Adagia Sacra. Vet. & Nou. Test. 2 Vol. 4 o. Andreae Schotti Adagia Sacra N. T. 4 o. 3. To clear the difficulties that shall occur in Scripture, both as to the Matter and Expression, it will be necessary to be furnished with Commentators. First, General, upon the whole Bible; of which some to be read all over, together with our daily course of reading the Holy Scripture. Grotius, 3 Vol. N. His Theological Tracts make the fourth Vol. Heideggeri Enchiridion Biblicum, Analysi Generali singulorum Vet. & N. Test. Librorum, & capitum Argumento, unicè inserviens. Ed. Amstel. 1688. 8 o. Clark's Survey of the Bible, or an Analytical Account of the Holy Scriptures. 4 o. N. One or other of these analysis may be also read in a course, to give us the Method of Scripture, a thing so useful for the Memory, and for the distinct Apprehension and full Comprehension of the Matter thereof. Others to be consulted upon occasion. Critici Magni London. 9 Vol. Fol. Or, Critici Magni Amstelodami, quorum duo Vol. jam Extant. Or, Poole's Synopsis Criticorum, 5 Vol. Fol. N. Which may be instar omnium; and seems to be done with good judgement in placing the Opinions of the several Expositors, in such-an Order, that one strengthens and explains, or Corrects and refutes the other. Or, Pooles English Annotations, 2 Vol. Fol. Musculus upon several Books of Scripture. N. Audio partium non addictus. Calvin upon several Books of Scripture. N. Vbi benè nemo meliùs. Secondly, Particular upon the more necessary and momentous parts of Holy Writ. 1. Upon the Pentateuch, or some parts thereof. Aynsworth upon the Pentateuch. Fol. Rivetus in Genes. & Exodum 4 o. N. Inter Opera Riveti. Fol. Bp. Patrick upon Genesis. 4 o. 2. Upon Job, Psalms, Proverbs, and Ecclesiastes. Bp. Patrick, 5 Vol. 8 o. Dr. Hammond upon the Psalms. Fol. 3. Upon the Prophets. Calvin ut supra. Dr. Pocock upon Hosea, Joel, Micah, Malachi. Fol. 4. Upon the New-Testament. Dr. Hammond's Annotations. Fol. N. To be read in our daily course of reading the Scripture. Maldonatus in 4. Evangelia. Fol. Estius on the Epistles; Fol. Or, The Oxford Paraphrase on St. Paul's Epistles. 8 o. N. This later especially Convenient to be perused in our daily course of reading the Scriptures, when we come to that so considerable a part thereof, St. Paul 's Epistles, as giving at the beginning of each Epistle a general and accurate View of the Occasion and Matter thereof, and of the Apostles Scope and Method therein. 5. Upon the Revelations. Mr. Mede on the Revelations, with his Clavis Apocalyptica. Thirdly, Moore particular upon the more difficult Parts, Passages, and Texts of Scripture, whether they be such as labour in Reconciling the seeming Repugnances that are found in Holy Writ, or those that criticise upon some particular Parts or Texts of a difficult Nature. Cornelii Bertrami specimen Expositionum in difficiliora utriusq, Testamenti Loca. Estius in difficiliora loca, Fol. Spanhemii dubia Evangelica, 2 Vol. 4 o. Mr. Gregory's Observations, 4 o. Dr. Lightfoot's Horae Hebraicae inter Opera, Fol. Mr. Mede's Diatribe, Fol. Lud. de Dieu Critica Sacra, sive animadversiones in loca quaedam difficiliora vet. & Nou. Test. Fol. Mr. Edward's upon Difficult Texts, 2 Vol, 8 o. III. For the more skilful Application of Scripture according to various Occasions. First, A Concordance of Things. Jac. Comis promptuarium Biblicum, ubi totus textus biblicus in suos locos digestus ordine Alphabetico viâ Concordantiae dispositus est. Pet. Ravanelli Bibliotheca Sacra, cum additamentis, 3 Vol. Wilson 's Christian Dictionary, Fol. Hen. Witte Repertorium Biblicum Rigae, 1689. 4o. Secondly, A Concordance of Words. 1. In the Learned Languages. First, For the Hebrew. Buxtorfius, 4o. Secondly, For the Greek. 1. Of the Septuagint. Kircherus, 4o. 2. Of the New Testament. Schmidius, Fol. N. The chief use indeed of these Concordances in the Original Tongues, is much the same as of Glossaries, and of Concordances of Things, that is, to found out the different Acceptations of the same Word, in order to clear an Obscure or Doubtful Text. For in these Concordances every considerable Word of Scripture being presented to the Eye in one View of all those Places where it occurs; it will be easily gathered, by considering the Nature, Circumstances, and Scope of these several Places, what are the different senses it will bear, and what it most properly signifies in any of those, which by an ill rendering are made either Doubtful or Obscure. But however this being a part purely Critical, for which not many of our American Pastors may have leisure, the want of these may be easily dispensed with, and may be supplied by the Glossaries and Concordances of Things beforementioned. But Concordances in the Vulgar Languages are useful in another way, and necessary for all. To proceed than, 2. In our Vulgar Tongue, or in English. Newman 's Large Concordance for both Scripture and Apopocryphas, Fol. Or, The Cambridge Concordance, Fol. iv The Design of God's revealing to us the Holy Scriptures, and that whole Evangelical Doctrine contained therein; being it was to destroy the Kingdom of Satan which ever since the Fall, that Rebellious Spirit had begun to set up in the World, in Opposition to God's; and had advanced to almost an Universal Monarchy over Mankind, by that Time the Son of God descended from Heaven to reduce us to the Obedience of our Maker. And on the other side its Design being to advance the Kingdom of God, consisting in Righteousness and true Holiness, and withal to humble us with a sense of our own Imperfect Righteousness, by making us depend solely upon the Mediation of Christ for the Acceptance thereof to our Justification; This, I say being its Design, and Satan being therefore enraged, that his Usurped Dominion should be wrested from him: So it is, that the Church-Militant is ever since, through his Instigation and the Malignity of his Angels in that Unhappy State, that like the Walls of Jerusalem it must be defended with a Sword in one hand, whilst built with a Trowel in the other: All which considered, it is very requisite that our our American Pastor should, next to his Knowledge in the Holy Scriptures (out of whose Materials he is to Build) be provided of those defensive Weapons wherewith he may be enabled to oppose the Gain-sayers to that Christianity he is to propagate in the World: And for this End that he should be furnished with those Apologies, both Ancient and Modern, which have been written in Defence of the Authority of the Scriptures, and of the Truth of Christianity; And also with such Discourses, as illustrate those Noble and Blessed Ends abovementioned, which it was designed to serve. I. Ancient Apologists. Justini Martyris Paraenesis ad Graecos; Oratio ad Graecos; Apologia pro Christlanis, prima & secunda. Liber de Monarchia Dei. Dialogus cum Tryphone Judaeo. Epistola ad Diognetum. N. This last is questioned by some whether Genuine, but owned by Dr. Cave. But whoever was the Author, it is an Excellent Apology, most pathetically representing the Innocency and Admirable Virtues of the Primitive Christians, and the Malignity of their Enemies. Athenagorae Atheniensis Philosophi Christiani Apologia, seu Legatio pro Christianis. De mortuorum resurrectione. Theophilus Contra Christianae Religionis Calumniatores. Tatiani Assyrii Oratio ad Graecos quod nihil Eorum quibus Graeci Gloriantur studiorum, apud ipsos natum, sed omnia Barbaris Inventa sint. Hermae Philosophi Gentilium Philosophorum Irrisio. N. All these foregoing Apologies are placed in the same Order they lie in the Paris Ed. of Justin Martyr, 1636. Cologn. 1685. Fol. Clementis Alexandrini Protrepticon ad Gentes in quo Gentiles redarguit, eosque ad Christianam Philosophiam amplectendam hortatur. Stromata. Tertulliani Apologeticus adversus Gentes. Ad Nationes Libri Duo. De Testimonio Animae. Ad Scapulam. Adversus Judaeos. Minutii Faelicis Octavius. Originis Contra Celsum, Libri 8. Sanctus Cyprianus de Idolorum Vanitate Liber ad Demetrianum: Testimoniorum ad Quirinum adversus Judaeos Libri Tres. Arnobii adversus Gentes, Libri 7. Lactantii Institutionum Libri 7. De mortibus Persecutorum. Eusebii Praeparatio Evangelica Demonsstratio Evangelica — Lib. contra Hieroclem, qui ex Philostrati Historia Comparavit Apollonium Tyanaeum Salvatori Nostro Jesu Christo. Extat ad ●alcem Eusebii de Demonstr. Evang. Ed. Parisien. 1688. & Colon. 1688. Constantini M. Oratio ad Sanctorum Coetum; extat ad Calcem Librorum de Vita Constantini, in Ecclesiastica Historia Eusebii. Athanasii Oratio contra Gentes. Oratio de Incarnatione Verbi. Ambrosii Responsio Relationi Symmachi, ad imperatores contendentis, veteres Ritus circa Deorum Cultum servandos esse. Epistolar. Lib. 2. Chrysostomi adversus Judaeos, Libri sex. — Contra Gentiles seu de Vita Babilae, Liber. Prudentius contra Symmachum ac Veterem Deorum Gentilium Cultum, Libri 2. Poeta Christianus. Augustini de vera Religione Liber. — De moribus Ecclesiae Catholicae, Libri 2. — De Civitate Dei, Libri 22. — Oratio adversus Judaeos. — Oratio ad Catechumenos adversus Judaeos, Paganos & Arianos. Theodoretus de curandis Affectionibus Graecorum, Lib. 12. N. This Sett of Writers had the Kingdom of Satan visibly before their Eyes, that Arch-Rebel having in their Times, and in those Parts where they lived, erected his Idolatrous Temples and Altars; and brought it about that his Impious Ceremonies and Rites of Worship were become the Established Religion over all the World, except Judaea: And therefore the Primitive Fathers did exert themselves upon no other Argument, with that Strength of Learning and Force of Reason, as upon this, namely, in laying out the Absurdities and Vileness of the Pagan Superstition, and the admirable Nature and Tendency of the Christian Religion. Besides it is to be considered that in these Writings of theirs, possibly we meet with the fullest and ezactest Accounts of the Purity of the Doctrine, Manners, and Discipline of the Primitive Church; and as of the Purity of its Doctrines, so of the Holiness of its Professors; upon all which Reasons, immediately after the Holy Writ, our next Acquaintance ought to be with these Writings. II. Modern Vindicators both of the Authority of Scripture, and of the Truth of Christianity. First, Against Infidels and Antiscripturists in general. Bishop Stiliingfleet's Origines Sacrae, 4 o. — Letter to a Deist, 8 o. Mr. boil's Authority and Style of Scripture, 8 o. Sir Charles Wolesley of Scripture-Belief, 8 o. Mr. Edward's Authority and Style of Scripture, 2 Vol. 8 o. Dr. Alix's Reflections upon the Books of H. Scripture to establish the Truth of the Christian Religion, 2 Vol. 8 o. Dr. Nichols' Conference with a Theist, 8 o. Lowth's Vindication of the Divine Authority and Inspiration of the Writers of the Old and New Testament, 8 o. Du Plessis de Veritate Religionis Christianae, 8 o. Grotius de Veritate Religionis Christianae, 12 o. Huetii Demonstratio Evangelica, Fol. or 2 Vol. 8 o. Dr. Hammond of the Reasonableness of the Christian Religion. At the End of his Practical Catechism. Parker's Demonstration of the Divine Authority of the Christian Religion, 4 o. Bishop Patrick's Witnesses to Christianity, 2 Vol. 8 o. Abady's Vindication of the Truth of the Christian Religion, 8 o. Wilson's Discourse of Religion, showing its Truth and Reality; or the Sutableness of Religion to Human Nature, 8 o. Dr. William's Sermons at Mr. boil's Lecture. N. It is a sad Sign of the Deplorable State of the Christian Church at this day, that there should be more Vindications written in this one last Age, if one were to reckon them all, in Defence of the Holy Scriptures, and of the Christian Religion, against Atheists, Deists, and Socinians, than there were Apologies written in all the first Ages of the Church (so far as does appear) against Jews and Pagans'. But so it is, that there has been too great a Cause for Learned Men to writ such Books: And therefore there is as great a Necessity for every Minister, who is earnestly to contend for the Faith against such Pestilent Gainsayers, to read them, that he may be ready always to give an Answer to every one that asketh him a Reason of the hope that is in him. Secondly, Against Jewish and Mahometan Infidelity in Particular. Raimundi Martini pugio fidei adversus Judaeos & Mauros. Fol. Quadragnoli Apologia pro Christiana Religione, qua respondetur ad objectiones cujusdam Mahomedani. 4 o. Bp. Kidder's Demonstriton of the Messiah. 8 o. Limborchi Amica Collatio cum Erudito Judaeo. 4 o. N. Upon the whole foregoing Argument may be also read Dionysii Petavii Dogmata Theologica, Lib. 16. Cap. 7, 8, 9, 10. Bp. Wilkins' Natural Religion, Chap. first and last. Dr. Barrow on the Creed, from p. 188. to p. 233. Bp. Ward's Philosophical Essay, from p. 74. ad finem. Discourse of Natural and Revealed Religion, from p. 178. to p. 290. III. Discourses setting forth the Design of Christianity. First, As its Design is to dispossess Satan of his usurped Dominion and Tyranny over Mankind, which before our Saviour's coming into the World, was almost universally enslaved to him by Idolatry, Superstition, and filthy Lusts. The Ancient Apologists beforementioned in quibus fusè de hac re agitur. Tenison of Idolatry, as also of the means which God hath vouchsafed towards the cure of it by the Shechinah of his Son. 4 o. Secondly, As its Design is to Restore us to the Image of God, consisting, not in an outward and legal Righteousness, but a true, inherent and real Holiness, which by Sin is defaced, and to exalt us to the Divine Life: To illustrate this its Design, aught to be read, Bp. Fowler's Design of Christianity. 8 o. — Christian Liberty also. 8 o. Dr. Hen. Moor's Mystery of Godliness. Fol. N. Here also may be read Dr. Scot 's Works per totum. Mr. Smith's Select Discourses, most of which have much of this Argument, particularly from p. 285. to p. 452. And to show how well the Christian Law is fitted in its self to rectify our Nature, and to what perfection we may be restored, by the Influence thereof, may be here also read, Dugard of the true Nature of the Divine Law. 8 o. Dr. Lucas' Enquiry after Happiness in several Parts. 8 o. Thirdly, As its Design is withal to humble us with the sense of our manifold Failings, and to manifest the Goodness of God, in accepting through Christ, our imperfect Righteousness; I could be glad if I knew of any who have written just or direct Discourses upon that Subject: Passim there is something of this nature to be found in the Orthodox Writings upon the Satisfaction of Christ, and especially in that excellent piece of Dr. Scot's Christian Life, Part 2. where the Doctrine of our Saviour's Meditation is so admirably explained and proved. N. There is nothing of mightier Importance in our Inquiries after Truth, and towards a through understanding of any Institution, than to have fixed in our Minds a determinate and distinct knowledge of the Design it drives at. This is what our Blessed Saviour prescribed as the most sure and certain way to discover the Erroneous Doctrines of Seditious Heretics, bidding us to beware of false Prophets, which come to us in Sheep's Clothing, but inwardly are Ravening Wolves, and telling us, that we might know them by their Fruits, that is, by the tendency of their Doctrines, which if they were naturally productive of such ill Fruits, as Christianity is designed to destroy, must therefore necessarily be Erroneous or Heretical. And this very Rule has a peculiar Aptitude in it to discover the three great Errors, which have so much corrupted Christianity at this day, viz. Popery, Antinomianism, and Socinianism; Popery being a Superstition that makes the nearest approaches to the Pagan Idolatry, and tends to Indulge Men in Impurity; Antinomianism being a Scheme of Divinity also that manifestly undermines a Holy Life: And Socinianism tending to make us value ourselves too much upon it, by taking us of from our dependence on Christ, for the Acceptance thereof. All which considered, As there is the greatest necessity, that before we enter upon our Inquires into the whole Body of Christian Doctrine, we should be fully possessed with this Notion concerning it, that the whole and adequate Design thereof is to destroy the Power of Satan, Idolatry, and Sin, and restore and advance the Kingdom of God, and instead of an external Legal Righteousness, to implant an inward and real Holiness amongst Men: And withal, so to Humble the best of us, as to make us depend solely upon the Mediation of Christ with God the Father, for the Acceptance thereof to our Justification; so especially this Notion of Christianity ought immediately to precede our Reading the several Systems of the differing Parties amongst Christians at this day: In most of which, as there are several unsound Hypotheses advanced; so without this Test, we shall not so easily distinguish between their Heterodox and Orthodox Opinions. Not to say, that by thus having our Eye always on the Design of Christianity, and by bringing every particular Doctrine delivered to us, as Christian, to this Touchstone, we shall know how to judge concerning those that are true, which are more, which lesle considerable in the Body of Christian Doctrine, that so we may be able accordingly to put a different value upon 'em, a thing of no small consequence to the Peace and Unity of the Christian Church. V Our American Pastor being thus far prepared towards his great Work of Preaching the Gospel, as to know and understand the Scriptures himself, and to be able to convince others both of their Truth, and of the great Design, they, and the whole of that Religion contained in 'em, are to serve, he may be supposed capable by this time, to take a comprehensive View of the whole Scheme of Christianity, and also to form a true Judgement of all that which really does, or is pretended by the several Parties of Christians to belong thereunto. And indeed, since it is usually accounted the best Method in the pursuit of any knowledge, to begin first with some General Institution, and than to descend to inquire into the particular Parts thereof: For the more comprehensive Knowledge of the whole Body of Christian Theology: And that all Divine Truths may be understood in that natural Order and Connexion wherein they depend upon, and add strength one to another, after having, both for a farther Antidote against the Poison of Heresy and Error (a thing so Pestilential and deadly to the Souls of Men, and of which therefore we cannot be too Cautious) and to prevent or Cure whatsoever Heterodoxies may be found in any System contrary to genuine and pure Christianity, and the Apostolical Doctrine and Discipline of this our Church; After having, I say, for these Reasons, been. I. Provided of the Thirty-Nine Articles, with Rogers upon the Thirty-Nine Articles, or rather, Dr. Ellis' Latin Edition of the Thirty-Nine Articles, with Objections and Solutions therein. 12 o. II. It is much desired they should be furnished with some Bodies of Divinity, and that both First, Scholastical, of which sort, one at lest, according to the different Sentiments of the several most considerable Parties of Christians in the World. 1. For the Papists. First, Such as have laid the Foundations of their Novel Doctrines; or at leastwise who have first introduced them into their Schemes and Bodies of Divinity. Johan. Damasceni de fide Orthodoxa, Libri 4. N. Claruit Anno 730. & primus fuit inter Graecos, qui Theologiam ad Accuratiorem Methodum revocavit, ejusque Dogmata in proprias classes distribuit. Cave Historia Literaria. p. 695. He writes clearly and methodically, was a subtle Divine, and an able Compiler, says Dupin, Vol. 6. p. 106. he was a great Propugner of Images, and of the Worship of them, of the perpetual Virginity of the Virgin, of Relics, etc. And having comprehended the whole substance of Divinity in a Scholastical and Methodical manner, he may very well be ranked here. Petrus Lombardus. N. Libros 4. Sententiarum ex Patrum, praecipue Augustini scriptis, compilavit; ex quo inter Latinos novam faciem induere cepit res Theologica, ad formam Elencticam, dubiisque in orbem recurrentibus inservientem, reducta; ad Philosophicum & Acroamaticum dicendi Genus restricta, in Quaestiones infinitas, membratim discerpta, rationibus in utramque partem agitatis, curiosè nimis, penè usque ad ineptias, ventilata, methodo nihilominus brevi, nec usqucq aque inconcinna, & ad subtilem Argutamque de quaestionibus Theologicis disputandi rationem, satis aptè composita. Cave Hist. Literar. p. 695. Prodiit hic Liber Ludg. 1618. cui Ed. ad calcem Operis subjiciuntur Articuli erronei Parisiis olim damnati, adjectis nonnullis ipsius Magistri in quibus communit●r non Approbatur. Durandi Commentaria super Libros 4. sententiarum. Quae Juvenis Inchoavit, Senex absolvit. venet. 1571. Fol. Thomae Aquinatis summae. Cajetani Commentaria in totam Summam Thomae. N. Lombard and Aquinas, are the Text to the rest of the Schoolmen, who under two general Classes Comment upon them, some on the Sentences, others on the Sums. And of these Commentators, these now mentioned are of the chiefest Repute, and may serve instead of more. And as to my placing 'em in the first Rank of Popish Systems, our Learned Dr. Cave will justify me in that, whose words are Quantum ad plura Romanae Ecclesiae placita Stabilienda contulerit nova haec Scholastica Theologia, caecus sit, oportet, qui non videt. His. Literaria p. 696. And indeed, as in this Shop of the Schoolmen most of the corrupt Doctrines of the Church of Rome were first forged, and for several Ages were in hammering, and increasing upon the World, so they received their finishing stroke and stamp of Authority in the Council of Trent. And concerning the Original and Progress of 'em may be read, Danaeus in primum Librum Sententiarum. c. 1.— 6. 8o. Gen. 1589. Hospiniani Hist. Sacramentaria. Tom. 1. Lib. 4. p. 401. Secondly, Such as having written their Bodies of Divinity after the Heretical and Erroneous Doctrines of the Church of Rome were arrived to their full growth, and received their establishment in the Council of Trent; have Incorporated all of 'em into their Systems. Catechismus ad Parochos ex Decreto Concilii Tridentini. Gregorii de Valentia. Or, Vasquez. Or, Becanus. Or, Suarez. Or, Ludovici Abelli Medulla Theologiae. 2 Vol. 8o. Du Hamel 's Theologia speculativa & Practica. 8o. 2. For the Lutherans. Melancthonis Opera. Fol. Or, Chemnitii Loci Communes. Fol. Or, Brochmandi Universae Theol. Systema. Fol. Or, Gerhardi Loci Communes. 2 Vol. Fol. 3. For the Calvinists. Calvini Institutiones. Ursini Catechismus à Paraeo Edit. Or, Turretini Institutio Theologiae. 3 Vol. 4o. Or, Turretini Compendium. 4o. 4. For the Arminians. Arminii Opera. Episcopius. N. Cautè Legendus in some things, and particularly in the Articles of the Trinity, and not without Dr. Bull's's Judicium Ecclesiae Catholicae de necessitate credendi quod Jesus Christus sit verus Deus, 8o. Oxon. 1694. And the like Caution is to be given about other Authors of that Set; and the rather because being Learned Men, and clear Writers, their Heterodoxies are in greater danger of being unwarily imbibed. Philippi a Limborch Theologia Christiana. Fol. 5. In the middle way, as Reconcilers. First, Between Papists and Protestants. Georgius Cassander. Grotii Annotata ad Consultationem Cassandris. Inter Tractatus Grotii. quarto Vol. — Votum pro Pace. Thorndyke 's Just Weights and Measures. 8o. Forbesii Considerationes Modestae & Pacificae. Lond. 1658. 8o. N. Anton. à Dominis Ep. Spalatensis may be also rekconed amongst these Reconcilers. Secondly, Between Calvinists and Arminians. Le Blanc 's Theses. Fol. Theses Salmurienses. 4o. N. These Scholastical Bodies take in not only what is purely essential to Christianity, but also the Controverted and Disputable Tenets espoused by that Party of Christians, the Compiler himself happens to be of: And here, in these their several Bodies, the best View of their different Hypotheses is to be seen, because here they lie in that Series and Concatenation wherein they support one another, better than when standing naked by themselves; so that a true Judgement cannot be made, as of Christianity itself; so not of any Sect of Christians, by examining their Principles separately, so well as by considering 'em connected in their several Bodies: And it is a Justice due to all Parties to see their Opinions in the clearest Light, and to consider them in their full strength. And as to that general prejudice which has been of late Years taken up against all Systems of Divinity whatsoever; It seems considerable to me what has ●e●en spoken by a Learned Prelate upon that Point in his Pastoral Care, p. 167. viz. That there is a vast Error in the first forming of our Clergy, that a contempt has been cast on that sort of Books. Indeed, to rise not higher than to a perpetual Reading over different Systems is but a mean pitch of Learning; and the swallowing down whole Systems by the Lump, has helped to possess People's Minds too early with Prejudices, and to shut them up in too Implicit a following of others. But the throwing of all these Books, makes that many who have Read a great deal, yet have no entire Scheme or Method, and so are ignorant of some very plain things which could never have happened to them, if they had carefully Read and Digested a System into their Memories. 6. And for a Nexus between Scholastical and Catechechetical Bodies of Divinity. Corpus Consessionum Fidei quae in diversis Regnis & Nationibus Ecclesiarum Nomine fuerunt authenticè editae; in celeberrimis Conventibus exhibitae, publicaque Authoritate comprobatae; 4o. N. I place the Confessions of the Reformed Churches here, as being of a Nature, not altogether so Controversial as Scholastical, nor yet of so simple a Nature, as Catechetical Theology is, or aught to be. And I do not rank them under that Great Article of the Covenant, following; namely, Points necessary to be believed in order to Salvation, because tho' styled Confessions of Faith, yet are esteemed by the respective Churches whose Confessions they are, rather as containing Terms necessary to Communion therein, than as absolutely necessary to Salvation with God. Secondly, Catechetical, or Bodies that design to treat only upon Practical Points, and such as are more immediately Necessary and Fundamental to be understood by every Christian; and therefore to be taught by every one that has the Cure of Souls. Of which sort, 1. Amongst the Ancients may be read, Clementis Alexandrini Stromata, with his — Padagogus. Sti. Cypriani Testimoniorum ad Quirinum, Libri 3. Lactantii Institutionum, Libri 7. Sti. Augustini Enchiridion ad Laurentium de Fide, Spe & Charitate. N. Scarce any of these indeed can be pretended to be entire and complete Bodies of Practical Christianity; nor perhaps do the Doctrines and Duties of our Religion lie therein in so exact an Order and Method, as in our later Composures; yet however there are many, both Articles of Faith, and Duties of Christianity delivered in them; and what is wanting in the exactness of the Composure, is abundantly made up by the Piety of the Discourses, the constant prospect of Death before the Eyes of those Primitive Saints, by reason of frequent Persecutions, to which they were exposed, and the severity of the Christian Discipline in those Days, rendering their Discourses very Heavenly, and giving 'em such a Spirit and Force, as few of our modern Writings do come up to. 2. Amongst the later and more modern Writers. Dr. Hammond 's Practical Catechism; with which may be also joined his other Practical Discourses, Fol. as Enlargements upon the same Points. Sir Matthew Hales 's Knowledge of God and ourselves. 8o. Cradock 's Knowledge and Practice, with a Supplement. 4o. Dr. Lucas 's Practical Christianity. 8o. Dr. Scot 's Works, 4 Vol. 8o. N. By Catechetical Doctrines, I mean no other than such as are necessary to be known, believed and practised by every Christian; And therefore do take the liberty, notwithstanding the Title, to range the Catechismus ad Parochos and Ursin's Catechism under the former Head of Scholastical Systems, rather than here; And in like manner I should have disposed of, even that called the Assemblies Catechism, if I had had occasion to mention it; as containing many Doctrines, viz. concerning Praedestination, Election, Reprobation, Grace, and , which are Points fit by much to be Problematically discussed in the Schools, than Dogmatically treated of from the Desk or Pulpit. VI But though the Priests and Ministers of Religion, whose Lips should preserve Knowledge, are to take in a much greater Compass thereof, than is necessary they should instruct all Christians in; nay, and though those narrower Bodies of Divinity, which under the last Particular, we termed Catechetical, because they treat only of Points necessary to Salvation; Tho' Books of this Nature, I say, are what all who pretend to teach others, ought to be well acquainted with themselves (be the Method they proceed in what the Authors please) yet since the Covenant of Grace; that Covenant, which was obtain d for the fallen Race of Man from God the Father, by the sole Mediation of his only Begotten Son, and that with no lesle a Price than his own most precious Blood; since this Covenant, we are sure and certain, contains the full Sum and Substance of what God has promised to us, and what we have engaged to God: This Covenant must therefore be that Subject, which, above all others, every Minister of the Gospel ought to penetrate to the very Bottom, and to be most tightly skilled in the Nature, Terms, and Conditions thereof; and in every the lest Circumstance pertaining thereunto. And therefore, since of all the Catechisms the Church of God has at this Day, that of the Church of England does most fully, without the defalcation of any Article of this Covenant, and yet most sincerely, without the mixture of any Heterogeneous, Disputable, or Scholastical Tenants; and that no Perfection may be wanting, most methodically also, handling this Subject, first generally, and than particularly; since the Catechism of the Church of England, I say, has delivered to us the Covenant of Grace so very full, defecate and methodical; it must be therefore the Concern of every Minister of Religion, as to comprehend entirely this Blessed Covenant, so to study throughly this Excellent Catechism; and all this with the utmost Application, till he shall make both the one and the other the Masterpiece of his Knowledge: And therefore, in order to a complete and exact understanding of both, we cannot forbear here most importunately to desire that our Indian Clergy should be provided of such Authors, as pursuanr to the Method of our Church-Catechism, may accordingly inform 'em in this Covenant of Grace, and thereby enable 'em to instruct the People in all its weighty Parts, so as every Private Christian may fully understand his Baptismal Vow, as well in the general Extent of the Whole, as in the particular Articles of every Branch thereof. And, I. To understand the General Nature of the Covenant of Grace, or our Baptismal Covenant, may be read, Coccaei Summa Doctrinae de Faedere & Testamento Dei, 12 o. Mr. Thorndike's Discourse of the Covenant of Grace, being the 2d in his Book styled the Epilogue, Fol. Mr. Allen's Discourse of the Nature, Ends, and Difference of the two Covenants, 8 o. Joseph Truman's Grand Propitiation, 8 o. The Benefits of our Saviour to Mankind, 4 o. N. Here also may be read. Dr. Hamond's Practical Catechism, Initio. whole Duty of Man, Preface. Mr. Mede of the Difference between the Old and New Covenant, p. 252. Mr. Smith's Select Discourses, p. 308. Dr. Moor 's Mystery of Godliness, Book 9th. Chap. 5. 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12. II. To understand the particular Articles thereof; namely, First, The Mercies on God's part, viz. 1. Justification or Pardon of Sins, may be read Mr. Allen against Ferguson, 8 o. and — on Justification, 8 o. Doctoris Bulli Harmonia Apostolica, 4 o. Joseph Truman's Endeavours to rectify some prevailing Opinions contrary to the Doctrines of the Church of England, 8 o. Doctoris Tullii Justificatio Paulina, 4 o. Doctoris Bulli Examen Censurae quo Trumanno respondit a pagina, 149. usque ad 173. & Tullio in Apologia sua pro Harmonia quae ad Calcem Examinis Censurae extat, 4 o. Dr. Bates' Sermons of Forgiveness, 8 o. N. Legatur & Dionysiii Petavii Dogmata, Lib. 10. Cap. 16.17, 18, 19, 20, 21. Expositions of the Creed upon the Article of the Forgiveness of Sins. The Systems also in Locum de Justificatione. 2. Divine Grace and Assistance, upon which may be read. Vossii Historia Pelagiana, 4 o. Augustini Polemica contra Pelagianos. Hieronymi polemica contra Pelagianos. Mr. Allen of Divine Assistance, 12 o. Dr. Claget of the Operations of the Holy Spirit, 2 Vol. 8 o. N. Here also Read the Expositions of the Creed upon the Article of the Holy Ghost, Dr. Scot 's Christian Life, Part 2. p. 578. Dr. Hammond 's pacific Discourse of God's Grace and Decrees, among his practical Discourses, p. 551. Petavii Dogmata, Lib. 10. The Summists and Systems in Locum de Gratia. 3. Everlasting Life and Happiness. Lactantius de Vita Beata, Instit. Lib. 7. Chrysostomus de praemiis Sanctorum. Bellarminus de Aeterna faelicitate. Lessius de Summo Bono inter Opuscula. Mr. Baxter's Saints Everlasting Rest, 4 o. Bishop Taylor's Contemplation's of the State of Man, 8 o. N. Hic etiam Legatur Virgilii Aeneid. Lib. Sextus, quo tota Doctrina Paganorum de justorum Gaudiis, Impiorumque suppliciis habetur. Item Cicero Ora. pro Archia Poeta, & Lib. 1. Tusculan. Questionum de contemnenda morte: As also the Expositions on the Creed upon the Article Everlasting Life. Mr. Mede of Different Degrees of Reward in the Life to come, B. 1. Disc. 23. p. 48. The Sums and Systems also in Locum de summo bono. Secondly, The Conditions to be performed on our part, viz. 1. Faith and the Doctrines thereof contained in the Apostles Creed. And since on this Subject the first thing to be considered, is the Nature and Properties of Justifying Faith; The second, the Objects or Articles to be believed, vix. those contained in the Apostles Creed; towards the full understanding therefore of this great Article of the Covenant. First, Upon the Nature and Properties of Justifying and Saving Faith. Basilius de Vera & Pia Fide. N. And amongst the Moderns it will be proper to read on this prime Subject the several Expositors of the Creed immediately hereafter specified, which treat upon the words, I believe; and particularly Dr. Barrow 's Exposition thereof, from p. 1. to p. 68 Mr. Allen 's Discourse on the two Covenants; especially his Appendix to the Discourse touching the Nature of that Faith which is Justifying, and that which is not; and the Reason of that Difference. Dr. Bull 's Harmonia Evangelica; as also his Examen Censurae Harmoniae Evangelicae. Dr. Jackson, Tom. 1. from p. 1. to p. the 10th, and from p. the 601. to p. the 832. In the Oxford Paraphrase, the Preface to the Ep. to the Rom. As also the several Summaries and Systems herein mentioned on the common place de Fide. But more especially Dr. Hammond of Faith in his Pract. Cat. Le Blanc's Thesis prima de Fide. Secondly, On the Objects to be Believed, it is wished they may be supplied with. 1. Historical Discourses of the Antiquity and Authority of the Creed. J. G. Vossius de Tribus Symbolis. 4 o. Usserius de Romanae Ecclesiae Symbolo Apostolico vetere & aliis Fidei formulis. 4 o. Ashwel's Fides Apostolica, with his Double Appendix, the 1st touching the Athanasian, the 2d the Nicene Creed. 8 o. N. Here also read Ellies Du Pin 's New History of Ecclesiastical Writers, Vol. 1. p. 9 Dr. Heylin 's Preface to his Theologia Veterum. Dr. Cave 's Lives of the Fathers of the fourth Century, in which there is so ample an History of Creeds. 2. With Expositions upon all, or most of the several Articles of the Creed itself. First, The Expositions of the Ancient Fathers. Cyrilii Hierosolymi●ani Catecheses' 18. Gregorii Nysseni Catechetica magna Oratio. Sancti Epiphanii Anchoratus; qui complures Fidei par●es continct. Ruffini Expositio Symboli ad Laurentium Episcopum. Extat ad calcem Cypriani. Augustinus de Fide & Symbolo. — Enchiridion ad Laurentium de Fide, Spe, & Charitate. — De Ago Christiano Liber. N. In quo ad finem, Symbolum Exponitur, & Haereses Contrariae refelluntur. — De Symbolo sive Regula Fidei ad Catechumenos. Ambrosii in Symbolum Apostolicum Tractatus. Theodoretus Haereticarum Fabularum Libro Quinto. Secondly, The Exposition of the later Writers. Dr. Heylin's Theologia veterum. Fol. N. I place him first, because giving something of the History of the several Articles. Petavii Dogmata 5 Vol. Fol. Dr. Jackson's Works. 3 Vol. Fol. Bp. Pearson on the Creed. Fol. Dr. Towerson on the Creed. Fol. Dr. Barrow on the Creed. Fel. Mr. Kettlewel's Practical Believer. 8 o. Dr. Hen. Moor's Mystery of Godliness, Fol. Dr. Scot's Christian Life, 2d Part. Vol. 1. & 2d. N. These two last Pieces may be reckoned amongst the Expositions of the Apostles Creed; since they treat upon all or most of its Articles, though not altogether in the same order as they lie therein. 2. Evangelical Obedience, to understand the true State and Extent of which vast and comprehensive Article of that Covenant entered into betwixt God and us at our Baptism, and so indispensable a condition of our Salvation, as this is; First, Because all Duty is measured by some Law, as its Rule; and a Duty is more or lesle necessary or incumbent upon us, according to the Nature and Obligation of the several kind of Laws that may oblige us thereunto; Secondly, Also because the Acts of some Duties do so nearly border upon Vices, and the Duties themselves interfering; it is necessary we should be able to state the measures and extent of every single Duty, and to know according to the variety of Circumstances occurring, to which of the interfering Duties the preference in practice is to be given; And Thirdly, Since through the course of a Man's Life (especially where our People are conscientious, and to tender all Men such, is the work we are to mind) there will arise several Cases of Conscience (especially in their Sickness, a time of Doubts and Fears) which every Pastor of a Flock ought to be able to Resolve: And these Cases being Doubts about the Lawfulness, or Unlawfulness, or Indifference of Actions, arising either from the interfering of several Laws, and different Duties, or from the Ignorance of the Force and Obligation of those several Laws respectively, and of the just Limits of every Duty; it is not possible the Case should be resolved with safety of the Penitents Innocence, or the Tranquillity of his Mind, if we are ignorant of the Nature and Obligation of the Laws obliging, and the Duties resulting from them; All these things considered, I humbly conceive it is very requisite, as it is expected we should be useful to the World, that we should be very well provided of some of the best Authors upon each of these particulars: That is, First, Upon the Nature and Obligation of Law in general, and of the different kinds of Laws in particular: Secondly, Upon Duties obligatory upon us from those several kinds of Laws: Thirdly, Upon Casuistry, whereby the Difficulties that shall upon any occasion perplex Persons Consciences, with reference to those Laws, and the Duties resulting from thence, may be resolved. And, First, As to the Nature and Obligation of Law in general, as also the Nature, Division and Obligation of the several kinds of Laws in particular; To great Use and Purpose, may be read upon this Subject, and accordingly it is desired our Pastor should be provided of. Suarez de Legibus. Fol. Dawson's Origo Legum: Or, a Treatise of the Origin of Laws, and their obliging Power: As also of their great Variety; And why some Laws are Immutable, and some not, but may suffer Change, or cease to be, or be suspended, or Abrogated, Fol. N. Hic etiam Legatur Aquinatis summae, 1. 2. a Quaestione 90. usque ad 109. Gerson Tract. de Vita Spirituali Lect. 2. & sequent. Et si Ciceronem audiamus, nullo in genere disputandi, quam de jure, magis honestè patefit, quid sit homini tributum Naturà, quantam vim rerum optimarum mens humana Continent, cujus muneris colendi, efficiendique causa nati, & in lucem editi simus, quae sit conjunctio hominum, quae Naturalis societas inter se. Cicero de Legibus Lib. 1. Sect 4. Secondly, As to the Duties Obligatory upon us from these several Laws. 1. From the Law of Nature: such as are deducible from the Law written in our Hearts, may be seen. First, In the Ancient Philosophers, viz. Plato de Legibus. Cicero de Legibus. — De Officiis. N. As also in all, or most of the Ancient Moralists above mentioned: For as Suarez prooemio ad Lib. de Legibus. Aristoteles licet proprium Opus de Legibus non reliquerit in suis moralibus multa sparsim de Legibus tradidit, sicut & Seneca, Plutarch, & Alii. Secondly, In the later Writers upon the Laws of Nature and Nations. Gulielmus Grotius de Principiis Juris Naturalis. 12 o. Hugo Grotius de jure Belli & Pacis. 8 o. N. And especially upon this Subject aught to be read those Books, which have been particularly written to Antidote Men against the Poison of Hobbs 's Principles. Doctoris Henrici Mori Ethica 8 o. Bp. Cumberland de Jure Naturae & Gentium. 4 o. Mr. Tyrril's Epitome of Bp. Cumberland's Law of Nature. 8 oh Sharrock de Officiis secundum Naturae Jus; Seu de Moribus ad Rationis normam conformandis Doctrina, unde Principia, item & Rationes Hobbesii ad Ethicam & Politicam Spectantes, quatenus huic Hypothesi contradicere videantur, in Examen Veniunt. 8 o. Puffendorf de Jure Naturae & Gentium. 4 o. — De Officio Hominis & Civis. 8 o. Parker's Demonstration of the Laws of Nature. 4 o. Lowd's Discourse of the Nature of Man, both in his Natural and Political Capacity, both as he is a Rational Creature, and Member of Civil Society; with an Examination of some of Mr. Hobbs' Opinions relating hereunto. 8 o. Dr. Echard's Dialogues between Timothy and Phylautus. 8 o. Thirdly, And for a Nexus between the Laws Natural and Revealed, may be read. Selden de Jure Naturae & Gentium Juxta Disciplinam Hebraeor. 4 o. Mosaicarum & Romanarum Legum Collatio ex Integris Papiniani, Pauli, Ulpiani, Gaii, Modestini, Aliorumque veterum Juris Auctorum Libris, ante Tempora Justiniani Imperatoris desumpta. Inter Crit. Sacr. Tom. 8. p. 160. Crellii Ethica Aristotelica & Christiana, cum Dissertatione praemissa de virtutis Ethnicae, Hebraeae, atque Christianae invicem comparatione. 2. From the Written and Revealed Laws of God. And the Duties enjoined us therein are treated upon, First, By Ancient Writers. Philo Judaeus de Decalogo. Clementis Alexandrini Paedagogus. — Stromata. Cyprianus Libro tertio Testimonior. ad Quirinum. Basilii Ethica, Item & Ascetica. Grego. Nyssenus de Beatitudinibus Orationes 8. Ambrose de Officiis. N. We shall indeed scarcely found many just and entire Bodies of Morality in the Writings of the Fathers; but what is wanting in the Art and Accuracy of their Composures, is abundantly recompensed in the Excellency of their Matter, for those admirable Persons speaking as they lived; as their contempt of the World, and their Mortifications of the Body, were wonderfully great, so their Thoughts were very sublime and elevated, and their Morality pure and refined. There are, true it is, many more pieces of Morality interspersed in their Works; but these being for the most part, upon particular Subjects and Duties, they will fall in to be ranged properly under the several Heads of Duty, of which I design hereafter, God willing, in a Second Part to draw a particular Scheme, and to exhibit a List, as well of the Ancient, as more Modern Writers upon each single Duty. Secondly, By later Authors: and those, First, Such who have Written Expositions and Discourses upon the Decalogue and Beatitudes. Bp. Andrews. Fol. Grotius in 20 Cap. Exod. Inter Annotata. Andreae Riveti Expositio in 20 Cap. Exod. 4 o. Dr. Towerson. Fol. Rawlet on the Decalogue. 8 o. Bp. Hopkins' Exposition of the Ten Commandments. 4 o. Dr. Barrow's Exposition of the Decalogue. 12 o. Buck on the Beatitudes. 8 o. Norris on the Beatitudes. 8 o. N. And to prevent or Cure the Pestilential Infusions of Antinomian Heretics, who would erase out of the Minds of Christians all sense of Obligations upon 'em to observe, even the Duties of the Moral Law, may be properly and usefully enough here read, both the Discourses against the Antinomians hereafter mentioned, and also Suarez, de Legibus, Lib. 1. Ch. 18. 19 Petavii Dogmata, Lib. 10. C. 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27. Dr. Henry Moor 's Mystery of Godliness, Book 8. Ch. 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11. Measures of Christian Obedience, Book 1. Ch. 1. Preface to Mr. Allen 's Discourse on the two Covenants. Secondly, Others who have written more complete Tracts of Christian Morality upon the whole Body of Christian Duties. Danaei Ethica Christiana. 4 o. The whole Duty of Man, together with the other Pieces of that Author. Fol. Bp. Taylor's Holy Living and Dying. 8 o. Dr. Scot's Christian Life. Part 1. and 4. Ketlewel's Christian Obedience. 8 o. Mr. Baxter's Christian Directory. Fol. Sam. Cradock's Knowledge and Practice, with the Appendix. 4 o. Rawlei's Christian Monitor. 8 o. N. Hic etiam legantur Magistri sententiarum Lib. 3. a Distim. 37. usque ad finem; etiiam Thomae Aquinatis Secunda Secundae, quae Anro contra non aestimanda, Item Commentarii in Sententias & in summam supra nominati. 3. From the positive Laws of Man. First, Ecclesiastical; and that both 1. General, or from the Canon Laws of the Church in general. Arnoldi Corvini Jus Canonicum per Aphorismos explicatum, 8 o. Francisci de Roye Institutiones Juris Canonici. 8 o. Par. 1681. 2. Particular, or from the Canon Law more especially in force in our own Country; As all that is said to be, which is not repugnant to the Prerogative Royal, and to the Common and Statute Laws of this Kingdom. Rich. Cosini Ecclesiae Anglicanae Politeia in Tabulas digestas. Fol. Linwood's Provinciale. Fol. Reformatio Legum Ecclesiasticarum. Hen. 8. Ed. 6. Godolphin's Repertorium. 4 o. Book of Canons. Sparrow's Collection of Canons. 4 o. N. Nor will it be thought that these are Authors in which a Divine is not concerned, when it is considered, that many Important Cases, De Sponsalibus, de Nuptiis, etc. are not more determinable in foro Conscientiae, than in foro Contentioso without a competent Skill therein. Secondly, Civil. 1. General or Imperial: Jus scilicet Civile seu Caesareum quod ab Imperiali Majestate pendet, quo omnes ferè populi utuntur. Zouche's Elementa Jurisprudentiae. 12 o. Justiniani Institutiones. 12 o. Sheidewinus in Institutiones. 12 o. Or, Corvinus in Institutiones. 12 o. Or, Vinnii Commentarius in quatuor Libros Institutionum. 4 o. Or, Julii Pacii Isagogica in Institutiones Imperiales, Digesta, Pandectas, Codicem, & Decretales. 8 o. N. How very useful some degrees of knowledge at lest, in the Civil Law may be to a Divine, will presently appear, when we come to speak of what Preliminaries are necessary to make a Casuist: But that a through Understanding in all the Parts of that Noble Faculty is necessary, is more than I dare affirm, being deterred from that, more perhaps by the formidable Prospect of so vast a Field of Knowledge to be traversed over, than by the reason of the thing. But however, that we may have a general View how large it is, take this Account from a Learned Civilian, Julius Pacius in his Isagogica. p. 1. Jus Civile à Justiniano Imperatore in tria Volumina redactarum est: Primum Institutionum, quo Juris Epitome Isagogica continetur: Alterum Digestorum seu Pandectarum, Digesta vocantur quia Tituli non sunt temere congesti, sed ordine digesti. Pandectae verò appellantur, quia universam ferè juris artem ac pene omnes ligitimas decisioones complectuntur. quod ex veterum Jure consultorum Libris compositum est: Tertium Codicis, quo Imperatorum Constitutiones continentur, exceptis ipsius Justiniani Novellis, non uno tempore post compositionem Codicis promulgatis, quae in unum volumen à nescio quo relatae fuerunt. His sabjugi solent Feudales à privatis quibusdam Doctoribus literis Mandatae. Or as he elsewhere speaks, ib. p. 46. Institutioves' tantum prima Juris elementa continent, Codex practicas Decisiones habet; in Digestis tam Legis Theoria quam Praxis plenè habetur. And now if the two later are thought necessary to be searched into by those only who are Practitioners in foro contentioso: However the former; viz. Institutiones Justinia with some Commentators thereon, wherein are contained the Principia Boni & Aequi, are what it becomes no Divine to be a Stranger to. And that he may be sufficiently prepared for his Inquiries therein, I shall crave leave to add the Advice of that Great Man Hugo Grotius, which he gave his Brother, as the best Method wherewith he ought to begin his Studies of the Civil Law. Auctor sum ut rectè informeris ad Juris Disciplinam, antequam attingas Scholasticos, Grotii Ep. 1751. diligentèr perlegas secundum Ethicorum, Nichomacheorum, & quintum apud Aristotelem, aut ejus Optimum Paraphrasten à D. Heinsio Editum. Deindè ejusdem Aristotelis Rhetorica, quae seorsim extant cum erudito satis Commentario. Mox Ciceronis Officia, Paradoxa, de finibus, & de Legibus. Item Topica, & de Inventione. Inter legendum vero cuipiam aut excerpas, aut diligenter ad Marginem Libri annotes ea, quae ad jus Naturae & Gentium, ad Legum ac Magistratuum originem, denique ad Rempub. & jus tam publicum tam privatum pertinebunt. Thus this Great Man prescribes what is requisite to precede our entrance upon the Study of the Civil Law. And as to what Books are to be always ready at hand, when we are actually upon the study thereof; It will be necessary to have such Glossaries and Law Dictionaries as explain the Terms of Law, such as Jo. Calvini Lexicon magnum Juris Caesarii & Canonici. Fol. Bernardi Brissonii de Verborum quae ad Jus pertinent significatione Lib. 19 Francofurti. 1683. Fol. 2. Particular, or the Municipal Laws of our own Country; To have a general Insight into which, and to know the Reason and Grounds of 'em, as I do think it by no means foreign to the business, even of a Parochial Minister; so I shall adventure to lay down these following Books, as proper to be read by him upon the Subject, viz. Cook's Institutes. 4 Vol. Fol. Doctor and Student, being two Dialogues between a Doctor in Divinity, and a Student in the Laws of England, of the Grounds of the said Laws, and of Conscience. 12 o. Wingate's Maxims of Reason, or the Reason of the Common Law of England. Fol. N. To which must be added for the Interpretation of Law Terms, Cowel's Interpreter, and Manley. Fol. Blount's Law Dictionary, Fol. N. And to Apologise for prescribing Books of this Nature, I must take leave to Muster up both Authority and Reason for so doing. And I think Suarez, tho' a very Great Man, is not more considerable for his Authority, than for the weight of his Reason in this case: Whose words are these: Nulli mirum videri debet, si homini Theologiam prositenti, Leges Incidant disputandae. Suarez Prooemio Tract. de Legibus. Imo si res ipsa rectè dispiciatur, palam erit, ita Legum Tractationem Theologiae ambitu concludi, ut Theologus subjectum ejus exhaurire non valeat, nísi legibus considerandis immoretur. Theologicum enim est negotium Conscientiis prospicere viatorum; Conscientiarum vero rectitudo stat legibus servandis, sicut & pravitas Violandis, cum Lex quaelibet sit regula, si ut oportet servetur, aeternae salutis Assequendae; si violetur, amittendae; ergò & legis inspectio, quatenus est conscientiae Vinculum ad Theologum pertinebit. Tandèm Catholica fides non solùm docet quatenus parendum sit Deo supernaturalitèr praecipienti, sed etiam quid natura vetat, Jubeat, vel permittat; & quatenùs obediendum sit potestatibus sublimioribus, ut Paulus dixit, atque adeo quatenùs parendum sit tum Ecclesiasticis Legibus, tum laicis, ante Oculos nobis ponit. Ergo ex his fidei fundamentis Theologi est Colligere, quid in hoc, aut in illo Legum genere sit habendum. And another Ingenious Author in speaking of those Studies which are necessary for all Men of Ingenious Birth; Mr. Fleury History of the Choice and Method of Studies, p. 123, etc. As to the Law, he tells us, that every private Person is obliged to know so much of it as is necessary to keep what he has, and to do nothing against the Laws. Every one is thus far obliged by the Laws themselves, which presume that all Citizens are instructed therein, since they impute the Ignorance of them as a fault, and punish it, either by the loss of Goods, if they have failed to observe the Laws in getting or preserving them, or by more severe Punishments, if this Ignorance has betrayed 'em to some Crime. And as to such an indifferent Knowledge thereof as is necessary to all, he makes it to consist in these three particulars: First, In understanding the Terms of Business, and which we meet in the Ordinances, Customs, and other Law Books. Secondly, In Learning the most general Maxims of the Law which relate to particular Subjects, as of Tutelage, Successions, Marriages, the most usual Contracts, without entering into the Subtleties of the Law, or much affecting that Method: And lastly, the manner of prosecuting ones Right in Courts of Judicature, he tells us should be understood. And without descending to all the particulars of the Process, the order of it in general should be observed, and the necessity there is, of exactly observing in Judicial Proceed, the Forms established. Thus far my Author. But thus much is farther than I dare venture to declare my Mind, as being ware how jealous the World are, lest we should be over skilful in this sort of Knowledge, Cicero de Leg. Lib. 1. tho' if we may believe a great Judge, Potius Ingnoratio Legis Litigiosa est quam Scientia. And indeed, my great Design in prescribing thus much for the Knowledge of the Law, as I have done, is in order to enable us to discharge a quite contrary Duty to Litigiousness. It is doubtless our Duty above all others to be Peacemakers amongst our Neighbours; and in order to that, to offer our Assistance to compose their Differences: But how shall we be able to do that without some general Skill in the Grounds and Reason of our Laws, and especially in the governing Maxims of it, which in few words do concisely Instruct us in the Equity that pertains to most Cases. I say, in the governing Maxims of our Law, which alone will enable us to Arbitrate equitably betwixt Man and Man in most Cases: For as a Gentleman Learned in that Profession tells us; The vast multitude of Cases which the Follies or Passions, or Necessities of Men have obliged us to be acquainted with, Mr. Wingate's Maxims of Reason. Initio. are all Accountable and Reducible to some few Theses; which being prime Emanations, and Grand Maxims of Reason, govern and resolve the subordinate Miscellany of Queries, and may serve for a Clue and Conduct through the Labyrinth of that perplexed Variety: Saving us the labour of charging our Memories with every Particular, which in the Result is lesle apt to profit, than to burden and confounded us. Thirdly, As to Casuistical Divinity whose Office it is to determine the Particulars and single Instances of Christian Duty, and to resolve the Difficulties that shall at any time perplex Persons Consciences, with Reference to such Laws as prescribe their Duty, and to the particular Instances of the Duties themselves, which arise from the Obligation of such Laws: 1. As preliminary to the Attainment of so excellent, useful, and necessary a sort of Knowledge, it is clear that Aristotle's Rhetoric. Aquinas Secunda Secundae. And, Tully's Offices are such. N. I take it to be clear, to a demonstration, that these Books, being well Studied, are excellent Preparations for a Casuist, because the Incomparable Bishop Sanderson owned that these were the Books he Studied most when he laid the Foundation of his great and clear Learning, especially in this way. Bishop Sanderson 's Life, by Isaac Walton. And it may also appear from the Life of the same Bishop, That Zouches Elementa Juris prudentiae, 12 o. will be very useful hereunto. And indeed, for the same Reason, All, or any of those foremention'd Books upon the Nature and Obligation of Laws, and of the Laws of Nature and Nations, must have a singular Tendency this way. And if I may have leave to add but another, I know nothing more wanting as preliminary, to make a Man a good Casuist than a good Writer or two upon that Important Title in the Civil Law Lib. 50. Digestor Tit. 17. De Diversis Regulis Juris Antiqui. This Title contains very many Maxims of Law and Reason, such as are so many Principles and Maxims of greatest Evidence and Authority. And if this Prince of Casuists now mentioned may be our Pattern, it is certain that by virtue of such Postulata and self-evident, uncontested Principles of Reason and Morality, he was want so satisfactorily to determine what was Lawful in the most knotty and intricate Cases. And those who have explicated and limited these Regulae Juris, have been. Jac Cujacius. 8 o. Philippus Decius. 8 o. Everand. Bronchrest. 12 o. 2. To Perfect a Casuist may be read. First, Generally; To enable him to resolve whatever Cases and Doubts may arise at any time in the Course of a Man's Life. Sanderson de Obligatione Conscientiae; also, — His Cases, and his Sermons. Bp. Taylor's Ductor Dubitantium. Fol. Lessius de jure & Justitia. Fol. Or. Lessii Compendium. 8 o. Amesius de Conscientia & ejus Jure. 12 o. Perkins' Cases of Conscience. Fol. Bp. Hall's Cases of Conscience. Fol. Dr. Hammon's Resolution to 6 Queries. In his Practical Discourses. Fol. Bp. Barlow's Cases of Conscience. 8 o. Secondly, Moore particularly to tender him a good Confessor to the Sick and troubled in Mind. Mr. Kettlewel's Companion to the Penitent. 12 o. — Death made Comfortable. 12 o. Dr. Wake's Preparation for Death. 8 o. Go in Peace, being Directions to a Young Divine to Administer Discourse to the Necessities of the Sick. 8 o. N. Upon this Occasion ought also to be perused, Lohneri Instructionis Practicae Institutio Tertia, complectens varios & Solidos modos Juvandi & consolandi Diversorum Statuum personas Afflictas, praecipue aegras & Captivas. Item & Quinta Complectens de Confessionibus ritè & fructuosè Excipendis Doctrinas, tam Generales quam Speciales, ad Varios Hominum Status accommodatas: As also Taylor 's Holy Dying, being the Second Part of his Book, Entitled Holy Living and Dying. And that useful Table of self Examination at the end of the Whole Duty of Man. Now that most unreasonable and pernicious reservedness of Persons, in not opening their Consciences to the Ministers of our Church, especially as they ought, in times of Sickness, when it concerns 'em so much to take all the Care immaginable, and to require all the Assistance possible to help 'em to state their Accounts with God against the great Audit. Such Contempt, I say, in the People, of our Ghostly Counsel and Advice, has made this part of Penitential Divinity to be so much uncultivated by our English Divines. The Romish Church indeed, as they are in nothing more voluminous that in this, so they abound in Confessories and Penitentials: But instead of tying up the Conscience to the strictest Rules of Holy Living, the more peculiar business of a Casuist, by their great Doctrine of Probability, and some others of the like nature, their Moral and Casuistical, tend as much as their Doctrinal Divinity, to encourage Licentiousness, and to make men's Consciences easy in a course of unrepented sins; as is evident to those who have either read their own Authors, or what is Collected to our hands, out of 'em, even by the Jansenists, Men of their own Communion, In the Jesuits Morals. Fol. And the Mystery of Jesuitism. 8 o. 5 Vol. So that the Romish Casuistical and Penitential Divines, for the most part, can be read to little purpose of benefit, but with great danger of Corruption, except it be by Learned Men, to enable them to demonstrate to the World, how far that Church is Apostatised in all respects; Morals, as well as Doctrinals from the Truth of Christianity. However the Author , seems to me to have discharged this part of giving us Directions concerning our Visitation of the Sick, with tolerable Honesty, as to most particulars. And to supply the Paucity of Authors of our own upon this Subject, we must make up the defect by such as have written upon the next, and last general condition of that Covenant established by the Mediation of Christ, betwixt God and Man, viz. 3. Repentance concerning which it is requisite our Indian Clerks should be furnished. First, With some of the Writings of the Ancients upon that Subject, if possible to be had. Tertullian de Paenitentia. Basilii ad Amphilochium Epistolae Canonicae Tres. Ambrosii de Paenitentia contra Novatianos Libri duo. Chrysostomus de compunctione Cordis ad Demetrium. — Ad Stelichium de eodem Argumento. — Ad Theodorum Lapsum Paraenesis. — De Paenitentia plurimae Homiliae N. These and the like Books written by the Primitive Fathers upon the Subject of Repentance and Penance, do infinitely deserve to be read through and through, by every Minister of the Church of Christ; and that not only, as they do most admirably describe the Nature and measures of true Repentance; But also the Discipline of the Ancient Church, with reference to those who had lapsed into heinous Sins. An Account of which, if it were but represented to the People in our Discourses upon that Subject, how far would careless Sinners be from thinking that a slender Sorrow, and a Lord have mercy upon me, would be sufficient to reconcile them to God after a very wicked Life, and that only upon a Deathbed? The Penitents for their parts, out of an Holy Indignation against themselves, for the sins they had committed, did in those days furrow their Cheeks with continual weeping, and became pale as Ghosts, by perpetual fasting; Tertul. de Paenitentia Lib. and did day and night supplicate the God of Heaven for his Mercy in their Pardon. Volo veniam reus sperat, petat eam Lacrymis petat gemitibus; petat populi totius fletibus: Ut ignoscatur & obsecrat: & cum secundo & tertiò fuerit dilata ejus communio, credat remissius se supplicasse, fletus augeat miserabilior, postea reversus teneat pedes brachiis, osculetur osculis, lavet fletibus, ut de ipso dicat Dominus Jesus: Remissa sunt Peccata ejus multa quoniam dilexit multum. Ambrose de Paenitentia Lib. primo. And such was the sense that the Church than had of the dishonour done to God by a flagitious Crime, such as they accounted Fornication, Adultery, Perjury, Murder, etc. that tho' the Penitents did prostrate themselves at the Church doors, and with Lamentations and Moans besought the Prayers of all that entered; embraced the Knees and kissed the Garments of the Brethrens, imploring their Intercessions with God for Pardon, and that they might be admitted here on Earth to Communion: Yet it was not without repeated Importunities, Mortifications, and long continued Penances, that they were again received. And indeed how would it awaken the stupid Wretches in these worst of Ages, to found how long the Penance of such who had fallen into the more deadly sins, was to continued, before they could be admitted to the Peace of the Church? Upon Fornication, Vide Basilii Epistolas tres ad Amphilochium Canon's Paenitentiales de his & hujusmodi Criminibus continentes. was imposed a Penance of four years. Upon a Woman that had procured an Abortion, ten. Upon Adultery fifteen. For Perjury eleven. Even for an involuntary Murder, such as we call Manslaughter, eleven; and for voluntary Murder was imposed a twelve years' Penance. And not to mention more: Those who renounced the Faith of Christ, were not to be admitted till the hour of Death. And though having been taken by Barbarians, they were forced thereunto by Torments, yet they were obliged to a Penance of eight years before they could be admitted to Communion with the Faithful. And what than would they have imposed upon those Miscreants of our days, who without force or compulsion; nay, who contrary to our Laws, and in defiance to their Authority and Penalties, do every day, out of the malignity of their own Hearts, deny the everlasting God, and their only Saviour Jesus Christ; And that with all the spite and scorn, not only in Transient Discourse, but in lewd Songs, and profane Plays, (which being edged with Wit, and flying abroad, do corrupt the Minds of thousands, beyond their power ever afterwards to retrieve from the horrid Principles they have infused into 'em) what lasting Penances I say, would they have imposed upon such? Would they have looked upon it as a wondered Honour forsooth, to God and Religion, to have such whisper privately upon their Deathbed a few Penitential Confessions within their Curtains? and than upon this would they administer to them the Sacrament of Reconciliation, tho' they offer not so much as a public and solemn Recantation of those impious Principles they have so industriously propagated, to the infinite Dishonour of God, and Destruction of those Souls for which the Son of God died? Would they not at leastwise have required so much towards the Reparation of the mischief done, Tantum fiat conversio ut qui Deum non Agnoscebamus, ipsi eam jam aliis demonstremus. Amb. de paenit. Lib 1. as a public and sorrowful Confession and Declaration to all the World of the sincerity of their Conversion? True it is, as our Church complains in the Office of Commination, that the Primitive Discipline, as much as it is to be wished, is not easily to be restored; but however it is still, and ever will be in our Power to declare to Fornicators, Adulterers, Perjured Persons, Murderers and Blasphemers, as she does, the true state of their Case, and to let 'em know the Judgements of God hanging over such, as do not in the highest measure they can, make Reparation for the Dishonour they have done to God, and the Mischief they have brought to other men's Souls. This we may do by letting 'em know, in the Discourses we make, and the state we give of true Repentance, that such a Reparation towards God is as necessary, as Restitution to Man, to tender their Repentance acceptable. For tho' it be commonly said in the modern way of stating the Nature of Repentance, that God not suffering by whatever we can do against him, Remission will follow upon our hearty Sorrow and Amendment only, but that our Neighbour being really damaged by the injuries done to him, Restitution must be part of that Man's Repentance, who has any wise wronged him in his Reputation or Estate; yet, with Submission to better Judgements, I do humbly conceive, that God is as capable of suffering Injury from us as Man. All the Malignity indeed of Men and Devils can't make Him suffer in his Essential Perfections, in his Nature and Happiness, as to Himself; but his Honour and Authority in the World, which was so dear to Him, that He sent his only Begotten Son into it to Reinstate Him in his Dominion over it, may certainly be impaired by the scandalous Impieties of desperately Wicked Men. And therefore if the Good Name of our Neighbour, of which he has been Robbed by us, must as openly, that is, to all the Purposes of putting Him right in the Opinion of the World, be justified by a Penitent, as it was formerly Defamed by him; for much greater Reasons must a Blaspheming or Profane Atheist be put upon the solemn and most open Declaration of his Repentance, and upon such a Recantation of his Principles and Practices, as will reach as far to the setting God right in the Opinions of Men, as his Lewd Speeches, Songs, Plays, or Books have fled abroad to the Dishonour of Him. Thus a late (and till than an unhappy) Gentleman, Sir Duncomb Colchester did; and till such others as he was, do the like; as, notwithstanding the utter loss of Public Discipline, it is still in, and cannot be out of our Power to refuse Private Communion to such enormous Sinners; so I do humbly conceive we ought not to give 'em the Sacrament of Reconciliation till they have done it. But to proceed, Secondly, As to our Modern Authors upon the Subject of Repentance, it is requisite our Indian Clerks should be furnished with, Bp. tailor's Discourse of Repentance. 8 o. Or in his Polemical Discourses. Dr. Ingelo upon Repentance. 8 o. Dr. Goodman's Penitent Pardoned. 8 o. Dr. Pain upon Repentance. 8 o. Dr. Hammond of late, or Deathbed Repentance. In his Pract. Disc. Mr. Ellis of the necessity of Serious Consideration, and speedy Repentance, as the only way to be safe both Living and Dying. 8 o. Thirdly, And as Appendent to the Doctrine of Repentance, nothing is more Requisite, than that they be furnished with Tracts both Ancient and Modern. 1. Upon Fasting and the Lent-Fast. First, Amongst the Ancient Writers. Tertullian de Jejuniis. Basilii de Jejunio Sermones tres. Ambrose de Elia & Jejunio. Chrysostomus de Jejunio & Eleemosyna. — Homiliae plurimae. Secondly, Amongst the Later and more Modern Writers. Dallaeus de Jejuniis Quadragesimalibus. 4 o. Bp. Gunning of the Lent-Fast. 4 o. Bp. Patrick on the Lent-Fast. 8 o. Dr. Hooper's Discourse concerning Lent. 8 o. 2. Upon the Power of the Keys, and of Binding and Losing. Chrysostomus de Anathemate. Dr. Hammond of the Power of the Keys, or of Binding and Losing. Amongst his Pract. Disc. N. Here also may be read, Thorndike's Epilogue Passim. Likewise Dodwel of Schism, Passim. In which there is much of this Argument. VII. But since it is not enough for a Christian to know his Covenant Engagements towards God; but he must be also acquainted with the Means whereby he may effectually perform all those Conditions prescribed for the obtaining the Pardon of his Sins, and Eternal Life and Happiness; 'Tis therefore very requisite, that every Pastor of a Flock should be furnished with such Books as treat most judiciously, both of that Divine Assistance, which is the supernatural means whereby we shall be enabled to discharge our Obligations towards our Maker; and also of Prayer and the Sacraments, which are the Moral and Positive Means; the former of which is prescribed by God as the way to obtain, the latter ordained as the means to convey this Grace to the Souls of Men; whereby they may be enabled to perform all the Conditions required of them by Christ in the Covenant, of which we are now speaking. And accordingly it is requisite he should have under his Perusal; As, I. Concerning Divine Assistance. The Author's beforementioned, p. 64, and 65. So, II. Concerning Prayer, especially the Lord's Prayer. First, Amongst the Ancient Writers. Tertullian de Oratione. In quo Tractatu exponit etiam Orationem Dominicam. Cyprianus de Oratione Dominica. Origenes de Oratione. N. In quo Libro de Natura, Vi, Variisque Orandi generibus, & de Oratione Dominica accuratè satis agit, praeter quòd quaedam haud satis sana Dogmata, idque γυμνῆ τὴ κεφαλῆ profert, & quae vix ullis coloribus excusari possunt Dr. Cave Hist. Litter. p. 83. Gregorii Nysseni de Oratione Dominica Homiliae 5. Synopsis Patrum in Orationem Dominicam. Trever. 1643. Ecloge ex diversis Sancti Chrysostomi Homiliis de Oratione. Par. 1647. Secondly, Amongst the Later Writers. Amyraldus in Orationem Dominicam. Dr. Towerson on the Lord's Prayer. Fol. Bp. Hopkins on the Lord's Prayer. 4 o. Dr. Bright on Prayer. 8 o. Petty's on Prayer. 8 o. Bp. Patrick's Discourse concerning Prayer. 8 o. N. As also Sir Matthew Hales at the latter end of his Contemplations, Part 2. Rawlet in his Book on the Decalogue: And also Dr. Barrow in his Book on the Decalogue. On which Subject also may be read, the Systems and Bodies both Scholastical and Catechetical in locum de Oratione. III. Concerning the Sacraments. First, For explaining the general Nature of Sacraments. Dr. Towerson of the Sacraments in general. N. The Schoolmen have written with much subtlety and niceness upon the Subject, and may be usefully enough read in locum de Sacramentis. And there is also much excellent Learning on this Subject in Dodwel on Schism, Passim. Secondly, Particularly for the Explication of each Sacrament distinctly. 1. Of Baptism. First, Amongst the Ancient Writers. Tertullian de Baptismo. Sti. Paciani Libellus de Baptismo ad Catechumenos. Sti. Basilii de Baptismo, Lib. 2. Gregorii Nazianzeni Oratio in Sanctum Baptisma. Ambrosii de Initiandis Liber. — De Sacramentis Libri 4. Joseph Vice Comes de Antiquis Baptismi Ritibus. Secondly, Amongst the Later and Modern Writers. Vossius de Baptismo, 4 o. Harduini de Baptismo Quaestio triplex. 4 o. Bp. Patrick's Aqua Genitalis, at the end of Mensa Mystica. Dr. Towersons Fourth Part on the Catechism. Fol. Dr. Hammond of Infant Baptism. In his Pract. Discourses. Dr. Hicks' Case of Infant Baptism. In the London Cases Walker's Plea for Infant Baptism. 8 o. Indecency and Unlawfulness of Baptising in Private without necessity. 8 o. N. Here also may be read the Schoolmen with other Bodies both Scholastical and Catechetical upon the Sacrament of Baptism. Thirdly, And as Appendent to the Doctrine of Baptism, it will be very requisite to have Writers upon the Doctrine of Confirmation. Bp. Tailor of Confirmation. 12 o. Dr. Hammond de Confirmatione. 12 o. Mr. Baxter of Confirmation. Mr. Camfield of Confirmation. 8 o. N. Here also may be read Dr. Cumber upon the Office of Confirmation in his Companion to the Temple, as also Bp. Patrick 's Discourse upon it, in his Aqua genitalis, from p. 489. to the end. II. Of the Lords-Supper. First, Amongst the Ancient Fathers. Chrysostomi plurimae Homiliae. N. There is little to be found of set Discourse towards the Explication of this Sacrament, in the Writings of the Fathers, by reason of the Humour than amongst them to conceal the Mysteries (for so they than affected to call this Sacrament especially) from the Infidels and Catechumen. Secondly, Amongst later and more Modern Writers. Hospiniani Historia Sacramentaria, 2 Vol. Fol. Dr. Cudworth, 8 o. or Fol. At the end of his Intellectual System. Dr. Towerson. Bp. Patrick's Mensa Mystica 8 o. Glanvil on the Sacrament. 12 o. Dr. Pelling's Discourses on the Sacrament. 8 o. Dr. Hornecks Crucify'd Jesus. 8 o. Kettlewel on the Sacrament. 8 o. Rawlet on the Sacrament. 8 o. VIII. Farthermore, being the end of all that Divine Knowledge before mentioned, is to enable the Pastor to feed his Flock with all that is necessary to Salvation, and since Preaching (now that Catechising is so much neglected, more is the pity) is become in a manner, the sole Method of Public Instruction; The better to enable our American Pastor both skilfully and successfully to apply thereby, the Knowledge he has made himself Master of, to the greatest good of those Souls committed to his Charge, it will be very requisite he should be furnished with the best Precedents and Assistances to that purpose; if not with the Ancient Homilies of the most Renowned Preachers amongst the Fathers (which are easier wished than obtained) at leastwise with the Sermons of later Writers; But especially I must insist upon having some of the Modern Sermons of our English Divines, which as they are (many of them) incomparably the best, and the exactest Performanes of that nature, and there are scarce any of the forementioned Subjects of Practical Divinity which have not been handled in them; so the best Discourses of that kind are doubly necessary for our Indian Pastor, namely both to the farther improvement of his own Understanding in those great Terms of Man's Salvation, and also for his Imitation in his own Composures of that Nature for the Edification of his People. 1. As to Ancient Homilies. Sancti Basilii Homiliae. Sancti Gregorii Nysseni Homiliae, Conciones & Orationes. Gregorii Nazianzeni Orationes. Sancti Johannis Chrysostomi Homiliae quamplurimae. Sancti Augustini Homiliae. Alcuini Collectio Sermonum veterum. Combeficii Bibliotheca Patrum Concionatoria, 8 Vol. Fol. N. That wondered, and that incomparable Spirit of Piety, Force and Energy, so remarkable in the Discourses of these Holy Fathers; This I say, in Conjunction with the great Accuracy of our Modern Composures, would tender our Discourses such, as for their Authority and Weight, would be fit to be uttered by the Messengers of God, and by their Heavenly Air, Life and Spirit would demonstrate we ourselves τὰ ἄνω φρονεῖν. II. As to the later and more Modern Discourses of this kind. First, Latin. Hoornbeck Theologiae practicae Tomi 2. 4 o. Secondly, English Sermons. Bp. Sandersons. Sermons. Bp. Wilkin's. Sermons. Farrindon's. Sermons. Dr. Litleton's. Sermons. Sir Matthew Hales. Sermons. Bp. Ward's's. Sermons. Bp. Hopkin's. Sermons. Dr. Outrams. Sermons. Needham's. Sermons. Dr. Clagets. Sermons. Dr. Calamy's. Sermons. Glanvil's. Sermons. Dr. Burton's. Sermons. Dr. Barrow's. Sermons. Dr. Conant's. Sermons. Marches. Sermons. Kettlewel's. Sermons. Archbp. Tillotson's. Sermons. Bp. Stillingfleet's. Sermons. Dr. Souths. Sermons. Dr. Wake's's. Sermons. Dorrington's. Sermons. Norris'. Sermons. N. To which might be also added many others of Persons now living, but want to be Collected. IX. Hitherto we have been providing only for a Peaceable and Practical Divinity, whose sole tendency being to reduce us from the Slavery of Satan to the Obedience of God; to promote in us an Holy Life: And than to humble us in the Sense of its Imperfection by sending us to the Mediation of Christ for the Acceptance thereof to our Justification; These being I say, the Noble ends of the Christian Religion; 'tis pity that we who are its Ministers, should be troubled with any Amusements to distracted us from being serviceable in such its Glorious Designs to the Reformation and Benefit of Mankind: And therefore it is not without the greatest regret that I can think of admitting Polemical Discourses into our Foreign Libraries, wishing that the Church of God might be built like Solomon's Temple, without the noise of Axes and Hammers: But since through the Artifice of Satan, the Corrupt Seed of Heresy and Error has been heretofore, and will be hereafter sowed in the Church, to the Subversion of a sound Faith, and the good Life of too many; to obviate or cure the Poison thereof, there is too sad an occasion for admitting some Controversial Divinity, even into our Parochial Libraries. And to begin. I. With the Papists, to understand the State of that Controversy First, As preparatory, it will be requisite to read Historical Accounts. Forbesii Instuctiones Historico-Theologicae. Fol. Fasciculus Rerum Fugiendarum & Expetendarum, 2 Vol. Fol. N. Here in this later we may see how sensible the best Men amongst the Ante-Trent Papists were of the Corruptions of their Church, and how desirous of their Reformation. F. Paul's History of the Counsel of Trent. Fol. Steidan's General History of the Reformation of the Church from the Errors and Corruptions of the Church of Rome. Fol. Bp. Burnet's History of the Reformation of the Church of England, 2 Vol. Fol. Stripe's Life of Archbishop Cranmer, Fol. Lud. Seckendorf Commentarius Historicus, & apologeticus de Lutheranismo, sive de Reformatione Religionis Mart. Lutheri contra Lud. Maimbourg. Fol. Spanhemii Christianae Religionis apud Genevos restitutae Historia. 4 o. N. It is necessary in order to make a true Judgement of the different Persuasions of Men, to know the History of their Occasion, Interest, Rise, Progress, etc. by which alone we may see a great way into the Nature and Tendency of their Doctrines, proportionably to the Good or Evil of which, they are worthy to be received or rejected. Secondly, To enter into the Merits of the Cause, it will be requisite to have more or lesle of the following Works. Chemnitii Examen Concilii Tridentini. Fol. Dan. Chamieri panstratia Catholica, sive Controversiarum de Religione adversus Pontificios Corpus, 2 Vol. Fol. Epitome Panstratiae Cath. Chamieri per Spanhemium, Fol. Vorstii Antibellarminus. M. Anton. de Dominis Archiep. Spal. de Rep. Christiana, 3. Vol. Fol. Field of the Church, Fol. Joh. and Francis White's Works, Fol. Dallaei varia, viz. De Sacramentali sive Auriculari Confession, 4 o. De Confirmatione & Extrema Unctione Latinorum, 4 o. Adversus Latinorum de Cultus Religiosi objecto Tradition. 4 o. De vero usu Patrum, 4 o. Bp. usher's Answer to the Jesuits Challenge, 4 o. Archbishop Bramhal's Works, Fol. Bp. Taylor's Dissuasive against Popery, 4 o. Chillingworth against Knot. Fol. Archbishop Laud against Fisher. Fol. Bp. Stilling fleet's Vindication of Archbishop Laud. Fol. — Idolatry of the Church of Rome. 8 o. — Defence of it. 8 o. Rawlet's Dialogue and Answer to a Popish Catechism. 8 o. Dr. Barrow of the Pope's Supremacy. 4 o. Or in his Works, Fol. Cases of the London Divines against the Papists; with some of the other most considerable Tracts Written in the last Reign against Popery. II. Against the Socinians. First, As Preparatory to understand and confute that Heresy, it may be requisite to read, 1. The Ancient History of the Antitrinitarians as we found it in Eusebius, Socrates, Sozomen, etc. Dr. Cave's Ecclesiastici, or Lives of the Fathers in the Fourth Century. 2. Testimonies and Writings of the Fathers against the Heretics who denied the Doctrine of the Holy and ever Blessed Trinity. First, As to the former, viz. The Testimonies of the Ante-nicene Fathers concerning the Orthodox Faith in this matter; A Learned Collection of these may be seen in, Doctoris Bulli Defensio Synodi Nicenae. 4 o. — Judicium Ecclesiae Catholicae trium primorum seculorum, de Necessitate Credendi Jesum esse verum Deum. 8 o. Secondly, As for the Writings of the Fathers who lived at, or soon after, the Council of Nice, and who have written in Defence of the Catholic Faith, it may be of good use for those who can be so far Masters of them, to perufe, Polemica Athanasii. Basilii Magni. Gregorii Nazianzeni. Ambrosii. Chrysostomi. Hieronymi. Augustini. Contra Arianos. Secondly, To enter nearer into the Merits of the Cause, it is exceedingly necessary at this time, that the Clergy should have under their perusal, some at lest, of these following Books. Dr. Addison's Historical Account of the Heresy, denying the Godhead of Christ. Ashwel de Socino & Socinianismo. 8 o. N. Herein we have an Historical Account of the Author of that Heresy, and his Artifices and Methods in propagating his wicked Principles. Cloppenburgii Compendiolum Socinianismi Refutatum. 4 o. N. cui premissa est Prefatio Historica de Origine & progressu Socinianismi. Synopsis Errorum Socinianorum sub Praeside Jo. Oleario Lipsiae, 1695. 4 o. Smiglecii nova monstra Socinianismi. 4 o. Jo. Hoornbeck Socinianismi Confutati Tom. Tres. 4 o. Dr. Edwards' Preservative against Socinianism. 4 o. Gregory's Divine Antidote. 8 o. Milbourn's Vindication of the Mysteries in Religion. 8 o. Norris' Account of Reason and Faith, in relation to the Mysteries of Christianity, 8 o. Bp. Stilling fleet's Sermon concerning the Mysteries of Faith. — A Discourse in Vindication of the Trinity, with an Answer to the late Socinian Objections against it from Scripture, Antiquity, and Reason. 8 o. — Of the Doctrine of Christ's Satisfaction. 8 o. Amyraldus de Trinitate. Archbishop Tillotson concerning the Divinity and Incarnation of our Blessed Saviour, 8 o. Dr. Williams' Vindication of the Archbishops Sermons concerning the Divinity and Incarnation of our B. Saviour, and of the Bp. of Worcester's Sermon on the Mysteries of our Christian Faith. 4 o. Bisterfieldius de uno Deo contra Crellii Librum de Deo Patre. 4 o. Placaei Disputatio de Incarnatione J. Christi. 4 o. Dan. Whitby de vera Christi Deitate. 4 o. Grotius de satisfactione Christi. 12 o. Outram de Sacrificlis Judaeorum, Gentium profanarum, necnon de Sacrificio Christi adversus Socinum, Lond. 1677. 4 o. Chr. Wittichii Causa Spiritus Sancti in Tertia Persona asserta. 12 o. N. Here also may be seen in Bp. Barlow's Remains, p. 73. Syllabus Quaestionum praecipuarum quae inter Socinianos reliquosque Ecclesiae Reformatae, simul ac Pontificiae Theologos ventilantur. III. Against the Dissenters from our Church. First, In General, against all of 'em, of what Denomination soever. 1. Upon the Account of their Errors in Faith and Practice, by reason of those Antinomian Doctrines so rife amongst that Party of Men especially; tho' some of them, it must be acknowledged to their Honour, have worthily laboured to expel the Poison of that Pestilential Heresy. History of Antinomians. 4 o. Mr. Baxter's Aphorisms of Justification and the Covenant. — Catholic Theology. Fol. Dr. Sherlock's Knowledge of Jesus Christ, 2 Vol. 8 o. Dan. Williams' Gospel Truth stated and vindicated; wherein some of Dr. Crisp's Opinions are considered, and the opposite Truths stated and confirmed. 8 o. N. To which purpose may be also read those Authors mentioned above, p. 73. in the first Note. 2. Upon the Account of their Separation and Schism from our Communion and Service; and in Defence therefore of our Liturgy and Worship. Dr. Comber's Scholastical History of the Primitive and General use of Liturgies in the Christian Church, with an Answer to David Clarkson's Discourse concerning Liturgies in Two Parts 8 o. — Examiner Examined, being a Vindication of the History of Liturgies. 8 o. Dr. Durel's View of the Government and Public Worship of God in the Reformed Churches beyond Seas also Historically showing their Conformity and Agreement with the Church of England, as it is Established by the Act of Uniformity. 4 o. Sir Hammond L'Estrange's Alliance of Divine Offices. Fol. Hooker's Ecclesiastical Polity. Fol. Dr. Hammond's View of the New Directory, and a Vindication of the Ancient Liturgy of the Church of England. In his Pract. Discourses. Falkner's Libertas Ecclesiastica, or a Discourse Vindicating our Liturgy and Worship. 8 o. Bp. Stilling fleet's Mischiefs of Separation. 4 o. — Unreasonableness of Separation. 4 o. Dr. Sherlock's Defence of Dr. Stillingfleet's Unreasonableness of Separation. 8 o. — A Vindication of the Defence. 8 o. Dr. William's brief Defence, in answer to Mr. Mather's Brief Discourse. Cases against the Dissenters, by the London Divines. Fol. Bp. King's Inventions of Men in the Worship of God, with the Defence. 8 o. Mr. William Allen's Persuasive to Peace and Unity amongst Christians. 8 o. N. Here also may be read, St. Cyprian de Unitate Ecclesiae. Secondly, In Particular, against the several Sects, with reference to their particular Principles respectively, 1. Against the Quakers. History of the Quakers. 8 o. The Quakers set in their true Light, by Francis Bug, 4 o. George Keith's several Discourses, showing how they Allegorise away all the Principles of Christianity. A Friendly Conference between a Minister and his Parishioners. 8 o. — Vindication thereof. 8 o. Mr. William Allen's Discovery of the danger of Enthusiasm in an Ep. to the Quakers. 8 o. The Snake in the Grass, or Satan transformed into an Angel of Light, discovering the deep and unsuspected simplicity of many of the Principal Leaders of the Quakers. 8 o. 2. Against the Ana-Baptists. Historia Anabaptistarum. 4 o. Authoritates Patrum contra Ana-Bapt. Collectae à Timanno Borckense Col. 1671. Mr. William Allen's serious and friendly Address to the Nonconformists, beginning with the Ana-Baptists. 8 o. Mr. Baxter's Review of the State of Christian Infants. 8 o. — Moore Proofs of Infant Church Membership, and consequently of their Right to Baptism. 8 o. N. Here also read Dr. Hammond 's fourth Query in his Pract. Discourses. Walker 's Plea for Infant-Baptism. Dr. Hick 's Case of Infant-Baptism, ut supra. 3. Against Independents. Walker's History of Independency. 4 o. Mr. William Allen's Catholicism, or several Inquiries, touching visible Church-Membership, Church-Communion, the nature of Schism, and usefulness of National Institutions, for the furtherance of Religion. Amongst his Works. 8 o. Mr. Lamb's fresh Suit against Independency. 4. Against the Presbyterians, in Defence of Episcopacy. Vsserius de Ecclesiarum Christianarum Successione & statu. Fol. Bp. Pearson's Vindiciae Ignatii Epistolarum. 4 o. Bp. Lloyd's account of the Church-Government in these Kingdoms. 8 o. Bp. Stilling fleet's Origines Eccesiasticae. Dr. Heylin's History of the Presbyterians. Fol. N. These for the Historical part, whether in reference to the Catholic Church in General, or the Churches of Britain in Particular. Dr. Hammond adversus Blondellum. Mr. Woodhead's Account of Ancient Church-Government. 4 o. 1662. Dr. Maurice's Defence of Diocesan Episcopacy, in Answer to Mr. David Clarkson. 8 o. Campegii Utringiae Archysynagogus observationibus novis Illustratus, quibus veteris Synagogae Constitutio tota traditur, inde deducta Episcoporum Presbyterumque Primae Ecclesiae Origine. 1685. 4 o. X. And since it has been found by Experience in every Age, that the success of all our Labours, whether in Preaching or Disputing, depends entirely, in a manner, upon the Holiness of our Lives: And through the Malignity of the World, (which is more quicksighted to discern the minutest Failures, than the most shining Virtues of the Ministers of Religion) the scandals of one vicious Clerk shall Influence a Parish to more Wikedness, and occasion the People's running more into Heresy and Schism, than the Industry and Piety of Ten the most Virtuous and Laborious of the Clergy shall be able to retrieve from either: To complete our American Clergy for the Purposes of their Ministry, and our Libraries also, for the Purposes of making 'em fit for it, and successful in it: It is desired they should have always before 'em such Authors as will first direct 'em in their Studies, Offices, and Duties, and excite them to Care and Vigilance in the Practice of them: Secondly, As will lay before them the Best Examples of each to be a Copy and Pattern for them to follow: And Lastly, such Materials and Helps for Devotion, as will advance 'em to the highest degrees of Perfection in a Holy and Spiritual Life. I. As to the Ministerial Instructions, relating to the Discharge of our Office, Preaching and Practice. First, Amongst the Ancients may be read, Gregorii Nazianzeni Apologeticus de Fuga sua. Ambrose de Officiis. Jo. Chrysostomi de Sacerdotio. Lib. 6. Sti. Nazianzeni de Theologia Oratio prima. Stus. Hieronimus de Vita Clericorum ad Nepotianum. Augustini de Pastoribus in Ezekielis, Cap. 34. Liber. — De ovibus in eundem locum Liber. Gregorii Pastorale. Sententiae Patrum de Officio veri Rectoris Ecclesiae. Secondly, Amongst the Later and more Modern Writers. 1. As to the proper Directions to form our Studies and Reading. Jo. G. Vossius de studiorum Ratione. Grotius aliique de studiorum Ratione. 12 o. The History of the Choice and Method of Studies. 8 o. Stephanus Gaussenius de Ratione Studii Theologici. 12 o. Johannes Mabellonius de Study Theologico. Mr. Dodwel's two Letters of Advice. 1. For the Susception of Holy Orders. 2. For Studies Theological, especially such as are Rational. 8 o. Mr. Penton's Apparatus ad Theologiam. 8 o. Bp. Barlow's Remains. 8 o. 2. As to Directions for Preaching and Catechising. First, As Preparatory to Preaching, Erasmus in his excellent Book de Ratione concionandi, p. 254. prescribes and prefers before others, Demosthenes. Et Cicero. N. Nullus est, quem Demostheni & Ciceroni praeferamus, vix etiam quem Conferamus sanè quod attinet ad dictionis virtutes. Aristoteles ad Judicandum & cognitionem conducit plurimum, ad popularem dictionem non ita multum. Plato longè ad hoc accommodatior, fusus & Jucundus, & per similitudines veluti manu deducens ad veri cognitionem. In Livianis tamen Orationibus, aut si eas non explicet, in proponendis consiliis, plurimum est tum prudentiae, tum Eloquentiae. Cornelius Tacitus alioqui duriusculus, in orationibus acutus est & copiosus. Secondly, As to the Books more immediately useful for the Composing of Sermons. Causabon of Preaching as anciently used. 4 o. Bp. Wilkin's Ecclesiastes. 8 o. Mr. Glanvil's Essay concerning Preaching. 8 o. And for Directions to Catechise. Augustinus de Catechizandis Rudibus. Dr. Addison's Primitive Institution. 12 o. 3. As to Directions which concern both the Exercise of our Ministry in Preaching and Catechising, and the conduct and innocency also of our Lives. Erasmi Ecclesiastes, sive de Ratione Concionandi. Libri 4. Mr. Herbert's Country Parson. A Book inestimable for its Piety. 12 o. Mr. Baxter's Gildas Salvianus. 8 o. Bp. Burnet's Pastoral Care. 8 o. The late Visitation Charges of the present A. Bp. of Dublin. Bp. of Worcester. Bp. of Chester. Bp. of Bath and Wells. Bp. of Rochester. Lohneri Instructio Practica. 6 Vol. 8 o. Dilingiae. 1682. N. This Book in Indifferent Latin contains very good Instruction, I shall here subjoin an account of the subject Matter thereof in the Authors own Words: High Libri constant novem partibus sive Instructionibus, prima de Missae Sacrificio juxta Ritum Ecclesiae Romanae Offerendo; Secunda de Horis Canonicis juxta Rubricas Breviarii Romani Recitandis: Quo utroque Argumento parum quidem est quod ad Institutum Ministrorum Reformatorum attinet, at Sequentibus non ita. Tertia enim Institutione agit de Conversatione Apostolica à Curatoribus Animarum piè & fructuosè instituenda; Complectens varios & solidos modos Juvandi & Consolandi diversorum Statuum Personas afflictas, praecipuè aegras & Captivas. Quarta continet Doctrinas & Industrias', ad Pastorale Munus piè, fructuosè, ac securè obeundum pertinentes, unà cum casibus frequentibus circa idem officium occurrere solitis, & ex communiore Doctorum sensu decisis. Quinta complectitur de confessionibus ritè & fructuosè excipiendis Doctrinas, tam Generales, quam speciales ad varios Hominum status accommodatas. Sexta Institutiones Quintuplicis Theologiae, positivae, Asceticae, polemicae, Speculativae, & Moralis complectitur. Septima est de Munere Concionandi, Exhortandi, Catechizandi. Octava continet Institutiones Theologiae Mysticae. Et Nona denique agit de Sacerdotii Origine & praestantia, variis item industriis, & praxibus, quibus Sacerdotes boni ad Dei Gloriam, suamque & proximi salutem promovendam usi sunt; Malorum quoque sacerdotum Infelici Interitu, radicibus, & remediis; To which may be added, as of more particular concernment to those who are Missionaries. Josephi Acosta de natura Novi Orbis Libri duo, & de promulgatione Evangelii apud Barbaros; sive de procuranda Indorum salute. 8 o. Godwyn's Negroes Advocate. 8 o. Th. Gonzales Manuductio ad Conversionem Mahumetanorum. 4 o. II. As to such Writings as lay before the Clergy the best Example in all the Parts of the Ministerial Office (a kind of Reading of exceeding good use, the influence of Examples, which is a living Rule, being vastly beyond the power of Precepts, which in respect of the other, are but a dead Letter) upon this Subject therefore it may be very requisite that the Orthodox Clergy of our Church should have always before their Eyes, such as follow, viz. Bp. Taylor's Life of Christ, Fol. Dr. Cave's Lives of the Apostles and Primitive Fathers, 3 Vol. Fol. Ellies Du Pin's new Ecclesiastical History, 7 Vol. Fol. Melchior Adamus de Vitis Theologorum Exterorum principum qui Ecclesiam Christi Superiori seculo propagarunt, & propugnarunt, 8 o. Camerarii Vita Melancthonis. Humphrey's Life of Bp. Jewel. Bp. Burnet's Life of Bp. Bedel, 8 o. Bp. Fell's Life of Dr. Hammond, 8 o. or before his Practical Discourses. Jackson's, Bramhals, Medes, Lightfoot's, Barrow's Lives before their Works Vernon or Life of Dr. Heylin. Bernard's Life of Dr. Heylin. Jsaac Walton's Lives of Dr. Don, Mr. Herbert, Sir. Henry Wooton, Bp. Sanderson. N. Here also I would particularly recommend to the reading of a Minister, all those virulent Books that are Written by our Enemies on all Hands, on purpose to bespatter us. For as the Excellent Plutarch in his Book de capienda ex Hostibus Utilitate, shows, the best Rules and Measures for an ex●●t Government of our Lives, are to be taken from our Enemies, who do narrowly watch our Failings. Quid Impedit quo minus gratis docentem magistrum admittentes inimicum, utilitatem capiamus, τὶ Κωλύει διδάσκαλον ἂμισθον λαβόντα, τὸν ἐχθρὸν, etc. Plu. ib. & aliquid eorum quae nos latebant discamus, multa enim inimicus amico facilius sentit, cum amator, ut Plato Ait, caecutiat in amata re. And that we may the better know how to reap advantage from our Enemies, I cannot too much commend to our perusal the Book now named, viz. De Capienda ex Hostibus utilitate Plutarchi Libellus. Inter Moralia. III. As to such Writings as will more immediately serve our Devotion, and tend to advance us to the highest Degrees of Perfection in the Spiritual Life. First, For Reading. Ephraem Sylli Opera Omnia cum Scholiis Ger. Vossii. Sancti Basilii Ascetica & Moralia. Sancti Hieronymi Ascetica & Moralia. Sancti Augustini Ascetica & Moralia. Bibliotheca Patrum Ascetica, sive Selecta Patrum de Christiana & Religiosa perfectione Opuscula, 3 Vol. 4 o. N. Per Scientiam Asceticam intelligitur ea quae ad perfectionem obtinendam, atque ad Vitia Eradicanda, Vertutesque plantandas Ordinatur: tantoque magis necessaria est Pastori, quanto magis proprium est illius Officium, Animas sibi commissas dirigere & Juvare, ut quisque perfectionem suo statui convenientem consequatur. Lohneri Instruc. Pract. 4 ta. p. 24. Bernardi Opera. Thomae a Kempis Opera, praecipue de imitatione Christi. Gersonis Cancellarii Parisiensis Opera. Erasmi Enchiridion Militis Christiani, 12 o. Drexellii Opera. Sales Bp. of Geneva's Introduction to a Holy Life, 12 o. Bellarmini Opuscula, viz. De Ascentione Mentis ad Deum. De Aeterna faelicitate Sanctorum. De Gemitu Columbae. De 7 Verbis Christi in Cruse. De Arte bene Moriendi. Robert Parson's Christian Directory or of Holy Resolution, 8 o. Card. Bonae, Manuductio ad Coelum. Principia & Documenta Vitae Christianae. Via Compendii ad Deum. De Divina Psalmodia, 4 o. Horologium Asceticum, 4 o. Lud. Granatensis Opuscula Spiritualia Varia. Causin's Christian Diary, 12 o. — Entertainments for Lent, 12 o. Drellincourt on Death 8 o. Dr. Sherlock on Death, 8 o. — Judgement, 8 o. Dr. Hornecks Great Law of Consideration, 8 o. — Happy Ascetic, 8 o. — Delight and Judgement, 12. N. These and the like Books in which there is found a more than ordinary Spirit of Piety, Devotion and Heavenly-mindedness, are such as will scarcely fail to mould those into a like temper of mind, who are much conversant in them; even as we are insensibly formed into the Habits and Manners of those persons with whom we constantly converse; and therefore I think that Books of this nature cannot be too much under our Eye. Secondly, To promote Religious Conference amongst us, aught to be often read. Dr. Goodman's Winter Evenings Conference, 3 Parts, 8 o. N. Christianity being the highest and noblest Philosophy, as the Primitive Fathers where want to style it, and loved to call it, it becomes us who are its Ministers, upon all occasions, and in all manner of becoming Methods, to express our Sentiments of it as such; And therefore if we scarcely ever found two or three of the Ancient Philosophers met together, but the Result was some excellent Disquisition upon Morality, as may be seen in Cicero, Plutarch, and others; How infinitely becoming our Character and Profession is it, to make the great things of another World the Subject of our Conversation, and never to break up, till (as a great Prelate of our Church was want to call upon his Friends to do, before they parted,) we have warmed each others Hearts with an Affection to the things above. And therefore as to created in us a contempt of all Discourse when we meet together that savours in the lest of Froth and Levity; and to inure ourselves to a Manly Conversation, as it would be of good advantage in our reading of Plato 's, Cicero's, and Plutarch 's Morals, nicely to observe the ancient way of Dialogues, that we may learn how with dexterity to introduce, and with a right management to carry on a Philosophic and Elevated Conversation; so to perfect it by making it Religious and Divine, we cannot too often read the now mentioned Winter's Evening Conference, as also Dr. Hen. Moor 's Divine Dialogues, recommended above, p. 26. if it were only on purpose to form our Souls into the like Divine Spirit and Genius with those Excellent Writers. Thirdly, To direct us in the Excellent Art of Divine Meditation: Barth. Riccius de modo rectè Meditandi de rebus Divinis, 8 o. Lud. Granatensis de Oratione & Meditatione, 12 o. Bp. Hall's Art of Divine Meditation, in his Works. — Meditations, in his Works. — Contemplations, in his Works. Gerardi Meditationes, in his Works. Lastly, Helps for Actual Devotion. 1. For the better Performance of Public Worship. Bp. Sparrow's Rationale on the Common-Prayer, 12 o. Dr. Beveridge's Sermon concerning the Excellency and Usefulness of the Common-Prayer. Dr. Comber's Companion to the Temple. Fol. 2. Helps for private Devotion. Bp. Wittenhals Enter into the Closet. 12 o. Bp. Wilkins' Gift of Prayer. 8 o. Dr. Sherlock of Winwick, his Practical Christian, or Devotions in Four Parts. 8 o. Bp. Patrick's Devout Christian. 8 o. Inet's Guide to the Devout Christian. 8 o. Bp. Andrew's Manual of Private Devotions. 8 o. — Gr. & Lat. è Theatro. 12 o. A. Bp. Laud's Devotions for the Hours of Prayer. 8 o. Bp. Cosins' Hours of Prayer. N. These latter have provided Devotions for the several Hours of Prayer, which is both a Primitive, and most excellent Method of Devotion. As to its Antiquity, see Cardinal Bona de Divina Psalmodia, who C. 3, etc. De varia Diei & noctis Divisione, does treat upon that Subject. And as for the excellency of this Primitive Method of Devotion, I suppose it must needs tend to maintain alive the Fire of the Altar, to have it so frequently stirred up; besides, that the determinate Times call upon us to that, which, if left to be performed at pleasure, will be in great danger of being forgot or neglected, through the multitude of business. And I could wish that there were some short Ejaculations and Prayers collected out of our Psalms and Collects for the Country People, which by the frequent hearing of 'em in our Divine Service, would be easily got by Heart. And as the shortness thereof would make it easy for 'em to lift up their Souls in Pious Thoughts, without Interruption to, nay in the midst of their worldly Employments; so that constant Exercise of such Devotion recurring every third Hour in the Day, would elevate their Spirits Heaven-ward, and keep 'em up in a perpetual Elevation above the things of this World. But to proceed, there only wants to complete the Provision of Books I would desire for Devotion, and with that the first Theological part of our Parochial Libraries, to have some of the best Sacramental Devotions, of which the Piety of Learned Men of our own Church have furnished us, of late Years, with such excellent choice; as, Bp. Patrick's Christian Sacrifice, 8 o. Weeks Preparation for the Sacrament. N. Also upon this occasion may be used, Sacramental Devotions at the end of the Whole Duty of Man; as also, Kettlewel 's Help and Exhortation to Devout and Worthy Communicating. A Draught of Books made out of the foregoing Catalogue, and upon all, or most of the foregoing Heads, and in the same Order and Connection as they there lie; consisting of one or two upon each Theolological Point, and given here as a Specimen, how it is intended to divide the whole Catalogue amongst the several Parishes. I. Upon the Divine Existence and Providence. Dr. Pelling's Discourse on the Existence of God. Dr. Sherlock upon Providence. II. Upon Natural Religion. Bp. Wilkins of Natural Religion. Mr. Boil of the use of Reason in Religion. III. Upon the Scripture. First, For the Text itself. Novum Testamentum. Grae. Oxon. Var. Lec. English Bible. 4 o. Secondly, To understand the meaning of the Text. 1. To understand some of the more important parts of Scripture-Matter, as the Scripture and concurrent History, Chronology, Geography, and Jewish Customs. Vsserii Annales Veteris & Novi Testamenti. Fol. Dr. Lightfoot's Works. 2 Vol. Fol. 2. To explain difficult places of Scripture. First, Commentators upon the whole Bible. Heideggeri Annalysis Generalis singulorum V & N. T. Librorum. Pool's Synopsis Criticorum. 5 Vol. Secondly, Expositors of some of the more concerning Parts thereof. Bp. Patrick upon Genesis. Upon Job, Psalms, Proverbs, and Ecclesiastes. 5 Vol. Dr. Hammond upon the New-Testament. Oxford Paraphrase upon St. Paul's Epistles. Thirdly, For the more skilful Application of Scripture, according to various Occasions. Petri Ravanelli Bibliotheca Sacra: Being a Concordance of things. Cambridge Concordance for Words. iv To prove the Truth, and to understand the Design of Christianity. First, To prove the Truth of Christian Religion. Bp. Stillingfleet's Origines Sacrae. Dr. Williams' Sermons at Mr. boil's Lecture. Parker's Demonstration of the Divine Authority of the Christian Religion. Secondly, To understand the Design of Christianity. A. Bp. Tenison of Idolatry. Bp. Fowler's Design of Christianity. Dr. Henry Moor's Mystery of Godliness. V For Bodies of Divinity. First, Scholastical. Philippi a Limborch Theologia Christiana. Turretini Compendium Theologiae. Le Blanc's Theses. And to secure the Reader from Imbibing the Heterodoxes of either of which, contrary to the Doctrine of our Church, may be added, Joh. Elis Articulorum 39 Ecclesiae Anglicanae Defensio, unà cum eorundem version. Secondly, Catechetical. Dr. Hammond's Practical Catechism together with his other Practical Discourses. Dr. Scot's Works. 4 Vol. 8 o. VI Upon the Doctrine of the Covenant of Grace. First, General. Mr. Allen's Discourse of the Nature, Ends, and Difference of the two Covenants. Secondly, Upon the Particular Articles. 1. The Mercies on God's part. First, Justification or Pardon of Sins. Mr. Allen's christian's Justification stated. Secondly, Divine Grace and Assistance. Mr. Allen of Divine Assistance. Dr. Claget of the Operations of the Holy Spirit. 2 Vol. Thirdly, Everlasting Life and Happiness. Mr. Baxter's Saints everlasting Rest. Bp. Taylor's Contemplation's of the State of Man. 2. The Conditions to be performed on our part. First, On the Doctrine of Faith, and the Articles necessary to be believed. Bp. Pearson on the Creed. Dr. Barrow on the Creed. Kettlewel's Practical Believer. Secondly, On the Doctrine of Evangelical Obedience. Whole Duty of Man. Kettlewel's Measures of Christian Obedience. And as Appendent thereunto for Casuistical Divinity. Bp. Sanderson de Obligatione Conscientiae. — His Cases. Bp. Taylor's Ductor Dubitantium. Moore particularly, in order to assist the Sick. Kettlewel's Companion to the Penitent. Dr. Wake's Preparation for Death. Thirdly, On the Doctrine of Repentance. Dr. Ingelo on Repentance. Dr. Goodman's Penitent Pardoned. And as Appendent thereunto, upon Fasting. Bp. Patrick on the Lent-Fast. Dr. Hooper's Discourse concerning Lent. VII. On the Means enabling us to perform the Covenant. First, Divine Grace and Assistance. Mr. Allen and Dr. Claget ut supra. Secondly, Prayer. Bp. Patrick concerning Prayer. Dr. Barrow on the Lord's Prayer. Thirdly, The Sacraments. 1. Baptism. Bp. Patrick's Aqua Genitalis. At the end of his Mensa Mystica. Dr. Hicks' Case of Infant Baptism. At the end of the London Cases. And as Apendant to the Doctrine of Baptism, or Confirmation. Dr. Hammond de Confirmatione. Camfeild on Confirmation. 2. On the Lord's Supper. Bp. Patrick's Mensa Mystica. Rawlet on Sacramental Covenanting with God. VIII. Sermons. Dr. Barrow's Sermons. Dr. Calamy's Sermons. Arch-Bpishop Tillotson's Sermons. Mr. Dorrington's Sermons. IX. Controversies. First, With the Papists. Chillingworth against Knot Abridged. Rawlet's Dialogue and Answer to a Popish Catechism. Secondly, Against the Socinians. Bp. Stillingfleet's Sermon on Mysteries. — A Discourse in Vindication of the Trinity. — Of the Doctrine of Christ's Satisfaction. Thirdly, Against the Dissenters. 1. In General of what Denomination soever they be, who are, First, Doctrinally Erroneous, viz. Antinomians. Dr. Sherlock's Knowledge of Jesus Christ, 2 Vol. Baxter's Aphorisms of Justification and the Covenant. Secondly, Schismatically such. Bp. Stillingfleet's Mischiefs and Unreasonableness of Separation. Cases against the Dissenters by the London Divines. Bp. King's Inventions of Men in the Worship of God. 2. In particular against the several Sects in reference to their peculiar Principles. First, Against the Quakers. Mr. William Allen's Discovery of the Danger of Enthusiasm in an Ep. to the Quakers. The Snake in the Grass. Secondly, Against the Anabaptists. Mr. William Allen's Serious and Friendly Address to the Nonconformists beginning with the Anabaptists. Dr. Hicks' Case of Infant Baptism, ut supra. p. 89. Thirdly, Against Independants. Mr. William Allen's Catholicism, or general Inquiries touching Visible Church-Membership, Church-Communion, the Nature of Schism, and Usefulness of National Constitutions for the furtherance of Religion. Fourthly, Against the Presbyterians, in Defence of Episcopacy. Woodhead's Account of Ancient Church-Government, 4 o. Dr. Maurice's Defence of Diocesian Episcopacy in Answer to David Clarkson. X. Ministerial Instructions. First, For such as direct us in our Studies, and in the Discharge of our Offices and Duties, and excite us to Care and Vigilance in the Practice of 'em. Bp. Burnet's Pastoral Care. The late Visitation Charges, ut supra, p. 105: And as Appendent thereunto, but of more particular Concernment to those who are Missionaries. Josephi Acosta de procuranda Indorum Salute. Secondly, For such Writings as lay before the Clergy the best Examples to be a Copy and a Pattern for 'em to follow. Dr. Cave's Lives of the Apostles and Primitive, Fathers. Ellies Du Pin's new Ecclesiastical History. Isaac Walton's Lives ut supra p. 106. Thirdly, As to such Writings as will more immediately serve our Devotion, and tend to advance us to the highest Degrees of Perfection in the Spiritual Life. 1. For Reading. Dr. Sherlock on Death. — Judgement. Dr. Hornecks Great Law of Consideration. 2. To promote Religious Conference amongst us. Dr. Goodman's Winters Evening Conference. 3. To assist us in Divine Meditation. Bp. Hall's Art of Divine Meditation. Gerardi Meditationes. 4. Helps for Actual Devotion. Bp. Patrick's Devout Christian. Archbp. Laud's Devotions for the hours of Prayer. And lastly, as Apendant thereunto, to assist us in our Sacramental Devotions. Bp. Patrick's Christian Sacrifice. Kettlewel's Help to Devout and Worthy Communicating. PROPOSALS For the Encouragement and Promoting of Religion and Learning in the Foreign Plantations; And to Induce such of the Clergy of this Kingdom, as are Persons of Sobriety and Abilities to accept of a Mission into those Parts. WHEREAS the Propagation of the Christian Faith, and the Increase of Divine Knowledge, amongst all sorts of Persons in His Majesty's Foreign Plantations, are the Wishes, Desires, and Prayers, of all Pious and Serious Christians, and such as are Zealous of God's Glory, and the Salvation of men's Souls. AND WHEREAS that Blessed Work, next under God, does principally depend upon the Abilities of the Clergy in those Parts, the Exemplariness of their Lives, and their Industry in Teaching others; WHEREAS ALSO the Clergy, that are already in the Plantations, as well as those who are to be sent thither, cannot (Humanly speaking) be so capable of Informing themselves, and of Instructing others in the design of Christianity, in the Nature of the Covenant of Grace, in the Meaning and Importance of the Articles of our most Holy Faith, and in the Nature and Extent of all Christian Duties, without the Assistance of some good Commentators upon the Holy Scriptures; and one, at lest, or more of those Authors, who have best treated upon each, and every of those Points. WHEREAS ALSO for the supply of that Want, Men of Parts and addicted to Study, will hardly be induced to leave the Expectations they may have of better Encouragement and Improvement in their Native Country, to go to remote Parts and Climates lesle agreeable, without such Advantages, as will overbalance all Considerations inclining 'em to stay at home; and, especially, not without a competent Provision of such Books, as are necessary for their Studies in those Places where they are to serve: (Few of them that go over from hence, being able to furnish themselves with so many Books as they shall need.) AND, LASTLY, WHEREAS Insufficiency and Scandal in the Clergy of those places, in all probability, would he most successfully prevented, both in this and future Ages, should every Parochial Minister in the Plantations have a sufficient Library of well-chosen Books, of all those kinds , in which he might spend his time to his own Satisfaction, and with Improvement and Profit to himself and others. TO PROMOTE THEREFORE so Blessed and Noble an End, as the propagation of Christian Knowledge in those Parts; and as well to encourage those who are there already employed in the Ministry; as also to invite over other able Ministers, and to furnish both, with proper Means for accomplishing so good a Work; IT IS HUMBLY offered to all that are hearty Wellwishers to the Souls of Men, and the Honour of their Saviour, to consider, and as they shall see Cause, to favour these Proposals following. 1. THAT a Catalogue being made of what particular Books are judged most immediately and necessarily Useful, for a Parochial Minister, wherewith he may be sufficiently enabled both to Inform himself, and to Instruct others, in all the Necessary and Essential parts of Christianity; so many of such Libraries be sent by the Lord Bishop of London, by the Hands of such as his Lordship shall Commission for that purpose, to be Appropriated and Affixed, one to each Parish in the Foreign Plantations, particularly those of Mary-Land, and farther as the Fund to be be raised shall enable. 2. THAT every Parochial Library shall be Affixed in a decent and large Room of the Parsonage-House of such Parish, there to remain to the sole Use of the Minister thereof for the time being, unto all future Generations, and to be as UNALLIENABLE as any other the Rights and Deuce of the Church, which are Ascertained by Law. 3. THAT in Order to the Preservation of every such Library to succeeding Ages without Loss (as far as can be Humanly provided in any thing of that kind) there be made an exact Catalogue of the Books belonging to the Library of each Parish; and that every such Catalogue be fairly written in four Books of velum provided for that purpose: The first whereof to be left with the Lord Bishop of London for the time being; a second with his Commissary, or some chief Clergyman in every of those Plantations where such Libraries are provided; and a third to remain in the respective Libraries themselves: and a fourth to be deposited in the Vestry of each of the said Parishes. 4. THAT the COMMISSARY be obliged, at lest once in three Years, Personally to make a Parochial Visitation; And than, besides the Charge of his Duty in other respects, that it be incumbent also upon him, particularly to Inspect the Parochial Libraries, and to see that none of the Books be Embezzled or Lost: And that the Churchwardens of each Parish be also obliged, every Year, before the Visitation, to inform themselves in what Condition the said Books are, and to Present accordingly at the Visitation. 5. THAT for further Security to preserve them from Loss and Imbezelment, and that they may be known wherever they are found; in every Book, on the one side of the Cover, shall be Lettered these Words, SUB AUSPICIIS WILLIELMI III. on the other side the Name of the Parish to which these Books do belong: EX. GR. E. BIBLIOTHECA DE MARY-TOWN: E. BIBLIOTHECA DE JAMES-TOWN, etc. 6. THAT the Minister of each Parish, his Heirs and Administrators, may be obliged, by Virtue of an Act of Assembly provided and made for that purpose, to make good what Books shall be embezzled or Lost by his fault. MEANS of obtaining such Parochial Libraries. 1. THat Application be made to the Nobility, Clergy, and Gentry, for their Charitable Contributions to so Pious a Work; and especially that the Merchants and Traders to the Foreign Plantations be earnestly called upon, as Persons principally concerned, to encourage this Design: It being most reasonable to expect, that in Gratitude to God, and the Inhabitants of those Plantations, the more plentifully they have reaped of their Temporal Things, the more liberally they should sow to them in Spiritual Things. 2. That Application be also made to such Learned Authors as are now living, that they would bestow some of their own Books, which shall be judged useful to the Purposes aforesaid. Lastly, In Gratitude to the Benefactors towards this Pious Design, all those who shall Contribute any thing thereunto; shall have their Names and respective Sums; And the Authors shall have the number of Books given by 'em, transmitted to Posterity, by being Registered in Books kept for that purpose in each of the Libraries, and deposited in the Vestry of every Parish. THE CONCLUSION, Showing the Present State of the Protestant Religion in Mary-Land, and what farther is now doing in that Colony towards the Promoting the same, taken from the Account of His Majesty's Secretary in that Province. SInce it gives the greatest Encouragement to contrive good for a People, that they appear disposed to receive it; I cannot conclude this Discourse more appositely, than with a short Representation of what is now actually doing in the Colony where these Libraries are designed, towards promoting of Religion and Learning; and that by the Inhabitants themselves, under the Influence of an excellent Governor. In the Year 1691. His Majesty having graciously thought fit to take the Government of Mary-Land into his own Hands, and the Province into His immediate Care, in May 1692. An Act of Assembly passed for the Establishment of the Protestant Religion there, and for dividing the Ten Counties thereof into five and twenty Parishes, each of which are endowed with a Competent Maintenance for a Minister; But the Execution of that Act was in a manner wholly neglected, till it pleased His Majesty to Confer the Government on the most Worthy and Excellent Person Francis Nicolson, Esq; who since his Arrival in August 1694. with an indefatigable Industry and Zeal to Promote His Majesty's Honour, the Interest of the Protestant Religion, and the Good of the whole Province, hath Revived and Reinforced the said Act by another additional one, for the Increase and Maintenance of Religion, hath Collected the Arrears, and is now Building several Churches, besides one fine Church at Annopolis in Arundel County, with a Parsonage-House to every Church; towards all which, His Excellency, the Council, and other Inhabitants of the Province have Generously and Largely Contributed. And that a perpetual Succession of Protestant Divines of the Church of England may be provided for the Propagation of the True Christian Religion in the said Colony; His Excellency hath by the Consent of the Council and Burgesses in Assembly, Promoted a Law, Vesting a Power in certain trusties for Erecting one Free-School in each County: One of which is already begun at Annopolis, and is endowed with 100 l. per Annum, for the Maintenance of one Master and two Ushers, for the Instructing the Youth of the said Province in Arithmetic, Navigation, and all useful Learning; but chief for the fitting such as are disposed to Study Divinity, to be farther Educated at his Majesty's College-Royal in Virginia, in order upon their Return, to be Ordained by the Lord Bishop of London's Suffragan, Residing in the Province, both for that purpose, and to Supervise the Lives of the Clergy thereof; for whose Support also at the Request and Recommendation of the Assembly, His Excelltency hath settled a Fair and Competent Maintenance. This may be sufficient to show such as are disposed to Good Works, and whose Duty it is to be Discreet and Prudent in ordering their Charity to the best Purposes, as well as to be Bountiful according to their Ability; that here are a People as well disposed to receive Benefit by a Learned and Industrious Clergy, as can be wished or desired. And therefore to induce Sober, Serious and Studious Young Divines to go to the Foreign Plantations, and to Qualify 'em to Answer the Ends of their Mission, I could not think of so proper a Means, as to provide them, each with a Collection of Choice and Useful Books; and to perpetuate an Useful Clergy there, to fix these Parochial Libraries in the Parsonage-Houses, for the perpetual Use of those who shall succeed them. And surely a more suitable encouragement to Men of Good Parts and Inclinations, to go upon so Blessed a Mission scarcely can be thought of; for as it is Good Books alone which will encourage the most Studious, Virtuous, and consequently the most Useful Persons to go over; so it is an Encouragement that is in a manner necessary to be provided in the Foreign Plantations; Since few or none at their first going over, are in a Condition to provide themselves therewith: And when they are there, Books are not to be met with by those who shall be able buy 'em; and yet without a Competent Provision of several Useful and Necessary Books, (I cannot forbear often to repeat this) it is Morally impossible that any should be enabled to Instruct their People. And now that such excellent Works are begun and carried on by an excellent Governor, and well disposed People, what a happy Conjuncture is this for Persons who are Piously disposed, to give their helping Hand towards such Blessed and Glorious Designs, as the Propagating of True Christian Knowledge and Practice in Places formerly so much uncultivated therewith? Surely, if he who Converteth a single Sinner from the Error of his ways, shall hid a multitude of sins, What abundant matter of Comfortable Reflection upon a Deathbed shall that Person lay up, who shall Contribute towards providing of the most Proper and Genuine Means, next to the Divinely Inspired Writings, of Converting many poor Souls, not only in this, but in all future Generations, even so long as the Sun and Moon endureth. FINIS.