Diatelesma.  
The second part of the Modern History of the World, containing this last Summer's actions, IN Languedock, Italy, Piedmont, Montferrat, Lorraine, the Dukedom of Burgundy, the Franch County, and generally in France, Holland, the West-Indies, and Marine occurrences; With some passages of Rome, and Turkey, brought down to Novemb. 1637.  
Quicquid agunt homines nostri est ferrago libelli.  juven.  decorative design 
LONDON, Printed by T. Harper, and are to be sold by Nathaniel Butter, and Nicholas Bourne. 1638.   

A Table of Contents.  
CErbellone encampeth before Laucate. Pag. 2 The Situation of Laucate. ibid. Cerbellon gropeth the Governor, ibid. And failing of his end, prepares to batter the Fort. 3 The Castle of Roqueford taken by Cerbellon. ibid. The Garrison reinforced, 4 The Duke of Halewin prepares to relieve it. ibid. Brings up his army opportunely, 5 Calleth a Council of War. 6 The resolution of the Council, ibid. Is put in practice. 7 The Spanish scouts repulsed. ibid. The French General seeks to be informed of the Spanish Fortifications, ibid. The Fortifications discovered, 8 Another Council of War is called, ibid. It being concluded to assault the Enemy in five places. ibid. Labourerers are sent to open the way for the horse, 9 And the French army is divided into five bonds. ibid. A reserve set apart. 10 The battles join. 11 The fight doubtful; the French horse come up, and get the victory. ibid. The Spaniards fly, 12 The French seize on the spoil. 13 The Spaniards loss. ibid. The King gives thankes to God, and rewards to his soldiers. ibid. The Duke of Rohans march out of the Veltoline. 15 D. Bernhard goeth into the field, 16 Takes in the Castle of Romagne, ibid. Which yields upon discretion. 17 Some Peasants, to secure their gold, lose both money and lives. ibid. Champlite surrendered to D. Bernh. 18 Mercy with seventeeene Regiments, opposeth the D. passage over Soan. ibid. Duke Bernh. encounters him, 19 And gets the victory. ibid. Giz yielded upon discretion. 20 The Commander in Saint Loup hanged up. ibid. The issue, and effect of the battle. ibid. Mercy again defeated by the Rhinegrave. 21 Mountbeliard blocked up by Putler, is freed by Schavelitzky. ibid. Altkirk, taken, pillaged and burnt by Schavelitzky. ibid. Montbeliard revictualled by D. Bernhard. ibid. Six Companies of Lorraine horsemen defeated by D. Bernhard. 22 Boyseys Regiment defeated, and himself slain. ibid. Mommartin and Veson taken in, the Duke marcheth towards the Rhine. 23 Many of the Lorrainers submit to the French King voluntarily.  Le Pont de Horde, ibid. Besieged, ibid. And taken by the Count of Medovie, Governor of Montbeliard. 24 The Governor hanged. ibid. The death of Ponico, D. Bernhards' bosom friend. 25 A strange tempest at Tours. ibid. Buffara a Weaver, naiseth a commotion in Perigot. 26 By an ill woven speech to the Peasants, 27 The people assenting, take up Arms; 28 Are beaten in the field by the Duke de Valette. ibid. Their Captain broke upon the wheel. 29 A blacksmith raiseth a new commotion in Querey, ibid. Taketh Fons, ibid. Is reinforced by three thousand fresh men, ibid. Summons Pigear. 30 Is deluded by the Citizens, ibid. Taken, and delivered to the hands of justice. 31 The marquis of Constans raised by the Duke of Langueville. 32 The Castle of Courlaon besieged by the D. 33 Surrendered upon composition. ibid. The town of Lion de Saulnier besieged by the French. 34. The Castle holds out. ibid. Two other Castles taken by the Duke Longueville. 35 Montaigne taken by the Count De Guebriant. ibid. The Castle of Lion de Saulniere surrendered upon composition. 36 Divers Forts and Castles taken by the D. de Longueville. 37 The Castle of Sovigny ayred before the French enter. 38 The Duke of Longueville by suffering the Camptois to take their Crop, relieves his Army. ibid. Orgelet yielded to the French, with other Forts. 39 The Count of Soyssons gives evidence of his loyalty to the King. 40 Sundry Castles taken by Guebriant in the French County. ibid. S. Laurence la Roche, the Town surprised by the French, 41 Burned by the Spaniards, which sly into the Castle, 42 Where they are besieged, and forced to yield. ibid. Bleteran in danger of a siege. 43 The Burgesses prepare to fly. ibid. Guebriant way-layes them, and they not coming abroad, addresseth a Stratagem to surprise the Garrison. 44 That failing, he takes in josseau a Castle, ibid. And the Fort de Loges, 45 Addresseth a new stratagem for the Garrison of Bleterans, ibid. And surprised a part of the Presidiaries. ibid. Bleterans besieged, 46 And described. ibid. The Castle of Fontenay surrendered. ibid. The Town of Bleterans taken. 47 The besieged fly to the Castle, where they capitulate, and surrender. ibid. Troubles amongst the Grisons after Rohans' departure. 49 Leganez Governor of Milan goeth into the field. 50 The Spanish Army is divided into three parts. ibid. Gildas sent towards Nisse le Pagly. ibid. Summoneth the City. 51 Which by the treachery and seditious practice of the Inhabitants, 52 Was surrendered, ibid. In despite of the Governor, and Garrison. ibid. Agliano besieged by the Spaniard. 53 The Commander endureth diverse assaults. ibid. Slaughters upon the Assailants. ibid. Agliano taken by the Spaniard. 54 The Duke of Savoy, and the marquis of Leganez encamp near each other. 55 The Màrquesse his Horses quartered without his Trenches, are exposed to damage, ibid. The Prince of Modena sent into Langues, 56 Plundereth the Territory, ibid. Taketh in the Fort Santa julia, 57 Where he encampeth, and is raised by Senantes, a Colonel of the Duke of Savoy. ibid. A Fort Royal built by Leganez at Rocca. ibid. Leganez discampeth. 58 The French Army joins with the Duke of Savoy, who sends a part thereof against the Prince of Modena. 58 Cairo besieged by Verrue. 59 Leganez to divert him, invades Veecelloia. ibid. But his project takes not. ibid. A Battle betwixt the marquis Ville, and the Spanish Forces near Cesia, 60 Begun by a light Skirmish, 61 Comes to a pitched Battle, which a while continued doubtful, ibid. Yet in the end the French get the victory. ibid. La Rocca besieged by the French and Piemontains. 62 A notable Exploit done by Dallot a French Colonel. ibid. Leganez sendeth Don Martino to relieve la Rocca. 62 The Spanish Vanguard surprised. ibid. Leganez bringeth his whole Army against the French and Piemontains. ibid. A Battle without victory. 64 The siege of la Rocca raised. ibid. The victory gotten by the Duke of Savoy at Monbaldon. ibid. The death of the Duke of Savoy. 66 The King of France causeth the Master of the Ceremonies. ibid. To proclaim an Office for his soul. ibid. The Proclamation concerning the Duke's titles, etc. 67 The manner of the service with all Ceremonies. ibid. The first day's service. 68 The Office for the second day. ibid. With all the particular ceremonies. 69 Two Capuchins murdered by a jew at Carriew. 72 The murder discovered. 73 The jews condemned and executed. ibid. The Pope's sickness and recovery. 74 The death of the Dukes of Mirandula, and Mantua. ibid. The State's purpose to war 76 Breda besieged. ibid. The description of the Town. ibid. The condition under several Princes. 77 The Avantguard under Henry Cassimire, blocks it up. ib. The Works begun. 78 The Cardinal Infante seeks to relieve it. ibid. john de Nassau sent to descry the Prince's posture. ibid. Observing the Prince on his squadron, he departeth. 79 Henry Cassimire like to be surprised. ibid. The Garrison sally out upon the Campe. ibid. The Prince's order to keep the Garrison in. 80 Venlo taken by the Cardinal. ib. Rouremond surrendered upon composition. 81 The Articles of Breda. 83 The Spanish design upon the road of S. Tropez failing. 89 The Spanish Fleet surpriseth 10 Holland Ships bound for Genoa. 91 The Genovesses seek to have them restored but prevail not, Ib. The arrival of Count Maurice at Pharnam-Boucq. 92 His Victory at Porto Calvo. Ib. The Galleys of Bisera pillaged the Sea-townes in the Kingdom of Naples. 95 The Vizeroy of Naples provideth to serve them. Ibid. Coriale pillaged by the pirates of Alger. 96 The Bendetty in the Kingdom of Naples, executed. Ib.   

Diatelesma.  
The second Part of these Summer's Actions 1637 brought down, and published as it was promised.  

The Victory achieved by the French in Languedock. CHAP. I.  
A Private man is happy in a mediocrity of Fortune, if he can content himself with having what is necessary and sufficient. A Prince by seeking to enlarge his Territories, not seldom draineth his Exchequer, always increaseth his cares, often his own, and his people's sorrows. The Catholic King might seem to thrive the year passed by his invasion of Picardy, yet now should it come to an Audit, his losses in France would (it seemest surmount his gain.  
August ●●/●●, the Count Cerbellon encamped before Laucate, with an army (as the French affirm) of 16000 
Cerbellon● encampeth before Laucate.  foot, and 1800 horse, an artillery of 70 pieces of Canon, a great number of wagons loaden with ammunition, arms, and other necessary instruments, (all which had been in preparing the space of two years) with a purpose to surpriz● some places of strength in Languedock, the Spaniards themselves having seriously given it out, that the King in person was to command that army.  
The town is sited in the south of Languedock, called by Caesar Gallia Narbonensis, in a Peninsula, about 15 English miles in circumference of a triangular form, bounded with rocks on the one side, a salt Lake called Salses by the French on the second, and the Mediterranean Sea on the third, where there is a good Road for Galleys, and Ships of a reasonable burden. The situation 
The situation of Laucate.  of the place, they adjudging that it would much advantage their incursions into Languedock, caused Cerbellon to bring his Spanish troops before the Fort, who first sounded the Governor, the Lord de Ba●ry, offering him in hand (as is written by some) 50000 Crowns, and promising him a yearly pension of 6000 to betray it, and in fine, finding his loyalty to the Christian King his Master, his constancy being revived by memory of the glorious death of his father, formerly Governor 
Cerbellon gropeth the Go●  of the same place, who being taken by the Spaniard, preferred the conservation of the Fort for the King his Master's service, before his own life, proceeded from treaty to violence, to try if the walls could abide the thunder of his Ordnance, and remain as firm as the Governors' heart, which he had found many a thousand double Pistolet proof.  
Like a wise Commander, the Spanish General provided 
And failing of his end prepares to batter the Fort.  first for his own security, before he attempted any offensive way against his Enemy: ten days he spent in entrenching himself upon a lane of fifteen perches long, (the place being no way else accessible, by reason of the salt Lake on the one side, and a steep Rock-plum-down, on the other side) where because there was little store of earth, he covered his trenches with a wall of stone and clay, raised eight foot, where the ground was highest, and fourteen or fifteen, where it was lower, with a Ditch before it, and a Mount behind it, for the more convenient lodging of his Musquetiers. Within his trenches he raised two Forts, one called after his own name Cerbellon, of four bastions; another in a place called Franquie, to which the lesser shipping and Galleys might arrive; beside he made many redoubts upon which he planted all his Canons, except 14 pieces, bearing bullets of 40 pounds' weight, which he drew nearer the Fort, and divided into three batteries, the first at Gran of six pieces, the second of four Canons right against the only spring of sweet waters in the Peninsula, many of his soldiers (being compelled thither to relieve their necessities) lost their lives in time of the siege, and a third of the same number of Guns, with the second, raised near the Bridge, which is laid over the narrower channel, by which the salt Lake emptieth itself into the Mediterranean.  
His batteries began with his entrenching, but they were like the gentle distillations of some few drops of rain before a violent storm, or the noise of the gliding, purling rivulets at the Springhead, compared to the roaring falls of Nilus, in respect of what ensued after. 
The Castle of Roqueford, taken by Cerbellon.  His works being perfected, he first seized of the Castle of Roquefort, which he garrisoned and fortified, to command that passage, and impeach the French forces, which might be brought by the way of Narbonne and Defferecavall, and next of the town of La Palm, and so blocked up the way from Bourdeaux, and then played from all his batteries upon the besieged Citadel incessantly (the besieged in the space of 30 days, which the Spanish forces lay before the place, having taken precise notice (upon an exact account) of 17000 Canon shot) in the mean time, making the best use he could of his Morterens and Grenadoes, which did the defendants fare more harm than his Ordnance. The Governor had set up his rest, resolved to die, before he would surrender a piece of such importance to his Masters, the King's enemies, and with the assistance of 300 men, (the number of his soldiers being increased to 
The Garrison reinforced.  that height, by the access of two Companies, which were sent unto him by the Duke of Halewin, Lieutenant Governor of that Province) maintained the place bravely, till the siege was raised, and then affirmed, that he should have been able to have holden out three weeks longer, if the succours had not come in, as they did, so maturely. He hide not, but secured himself, by the strength of the Fort, from the assailants violence.  
But there is no cause of confidence in bulwarks and walls of stone, Famine will scale them in the end, though the Enemy's Ordnance cannot boar them; the Duke of Halewin held this position for an Aphorism, and employed all care, summoned up his thoughts, used all art to relieve him opportunely, called a Council of the 
The Duke of Halewin prepares to relieve it.  Bishops and Nobility, and having advised with them, what was to be done, applied the means which were most probable to cure that ulcer which began to gangrenate and spread itself in that Province. He mustered up the Regiments of Vitry, S. Aunez S. Andrew, Castelan, and Murviel; and train bands of Montpellier, Narbonne, Beziers, Nismes, Vzez, Carcassone, Lodesve, Sevennes, Ganges, Mirepois, jonquieres, Castre, Viellette and Valat, which served as his Infantry. The Cavallary was composed of the Gentry of Languedock, his own company of men at Arms, and his life guard, which divided by him into eleven Squadrons, under the command of so many several, valiant, and expert Leaders, at Narbonne, Sept 1●/2●, the time and place of the General Rendezvous, marched the day following to Sigean, where they lay enquartered that night, and the night following, attending till such store of ammunition and victuals were brought in, as were thought necessary for that expedition.  
It was then upon the nick when the French Duke came in with his Army to secure the besieged, the Spanish Gunners had made a sufficient breach in the wall, to try the courage and manhood of the defendants by assault. The Duke of Cardonne Viceroy of Catalognia's son was come to the Camp, and had reinforced 
Brings up his Army opportunely.  the Spanish Army, with a new accrewt of 1000 men: the Count de Serbellon, began to be confident of the prize, road upon his Male about the Camp, to give directions, promised the young Don to show him a fresh battery, the next day opposite to the place, upon which he had before played with his Canon, and both by gesture and posture, word, and work, expressed a certain assurance of a speedy and notable victory. But let not him, that is putting on his arms, brag as if he was putting them off. The chance of war, is of all other most uncertain, and here if any where, we may aver:  Nescis quid serus vehat vesper. 
Discretion looks about, before it undertakes an adventure. The Duke of Halwein for all this appearance of imminent peril to the besieged, went not on to secure 
Calleth a Counsel of War.  them without forecasting what might be the consequents of his adventure. He would not involve his Friends in most certain difficulties of a greater importance, to avoid a lesser danger of more uncertainty. The besieged brought to extremity, might capitulate, and come off with life and honour; the worst was, but the loss of the place, which being in the King's Country, was in all likelihood to be regained, though not without expense, the loss of an Army, and such an Army as was drawn out of the most selected men of that Province, was of more importance, and though he resolved to try the utmost for his Friend's relief, yet he would not attempt it without good Advisoes. Two Counsels of War, besides that at Narbonne, were called, the one in the commencement, the other in the prose cution of his action. The one at Sigean, Sept. 14/24, where he lay encamped, the other in the plain of Lawcate four days after.  
The conclusion of the first consultation was that Argencour, 
The resolution of the Council.  the Field-mar shall with his Avantguard of the Army, should go to take up his quartier, at the passage of Deferrecavall, and surprise the Castle of Roquefort, whilst the rest of the Army might march up to him: The task was an hard and difficult one, the passage was narrow, there could march no more than two abrest, yet his willing industry overcame that difficulty, and with a word, a bare summons took in the Fort, the Commander according, and condescending to departed with no other Arms than his sword, and his soldiers with staves in their hands. The French General followed with the main body of his Army, giving a testimony of impatience, to see the King's Enemies so fare advanced in his Majesty's territories: and the same day about one in the afternoon, set his Army in battalia in the sight of his adversaries. This his apparition somewhat altered the course of the 
Is put in practice.  Spanish Counts designs. He was not so absolutely confident of his power, as that hab-nab ●he would deal with the French Duke in open field: the trenches in which he was hedged, were as strong as the Castle, and there he meant to keep, unless some advantage might invice him abroad. He took it in foul scorn to be outbraved, yet would not adventure forth of his fortifications upon doubtful, much less upon desperate conditions. 
The Spanish scowts repulsed.  A glimpse he had of the French forces, but neither knew their number, nor their order perfectly. To be better informed of each particular circumstance, 400 horse were sent out to descry the French Army. Halewin soon perceived what was sntended, and to detain him in his ignorance of the particulars, sent out five selected companies, under the direction of a man experimentally proved both wise and valiant, the Lord de Boissat, to beat these discoverers back, which charge (fortune waiting upon his valour) he performed so happily, that he forced them to retreat, one part into their trenches, and another by the Lake de Salses, towards the way of Spain.  
All these actions were but the Proscoenia of the Spanish 
The French General seeks to be informed of the Spanish Fortifications.  Tragedy: the French General having thus defeated the Spanish Count of his intelligence, endeavoured to inform himself of his adversaries fortifications. The day light might best instruct him, but would most endanger him, the enemy stood all the next day in battalia behind his trenches, and waited for so advantageous an occasion. The night though it could afford him but a confused notice, would more secure him, and that he made choice of being content to satisfy his understanding, which before knew the advantages of the ground, with such a general discovery of his manner of encamping. He knew before, that the Spaniard lay entrenched 
The Fortifications discovered.  amongst rocks, almost unpasseable, especially for his Cavallary, only he desired to see if there was any way left, by which he might reach them in their fortifications, although it must be done with much difficulty. The night presented him with a passage on the right hand of the new Fort called Serbellon, but so obscurely, that he durst not adventure, till the day discovering the Landscape of the place more plainly, confirmed him, that he might probably lead on his Army that way, not without any, but the least danger. Upon this discovery, he caused the Commanders of the Army, again to meet in counsel, gave them a particular relation of what he had seen, wished them to prepare against 6 in the evening to execute, what he had designed for assaulting the enemy, and being seconded by 
Another Counsel of war is called,  Mayola, Lieutenant of the Guard, to the Cardinal Duke Richelieu, who was come that day to the Camp, with instructions from the Christian King, his speech was crowned with applause, by the general votes of the officers, with an expression of as much forwardness to perform, as the General propounded the enterprise.  
The hour drew on, and then after instructions to Arm, the Duke made a short oration to his soldiers to encourage them to fight for the King, the Country, their wives, children's, and their own liberty, warned to be ready upon the sound of the trumpets, selected 
It being concluded to assault the enemy in 5 places.  five times 80 men out of five regiments, to go on as the Perdues of the Army, which he had divided into so many several parts, to assault the Spanish trenches, in so many several places, ordered them to march with their swords by their sides, a Pike in one hand, and a Bavin in the other, for assistance of the labourers, whom he had appointed to open the trenches, and these being supported by Mayola and Herisson, a Captain of the regiment of the Isles, (yet scarce recovered of the wounds which he received at Margarita and Honorata) which offered themselves to that service, following their directions, performed their work so well, 
Labourers are sent to open the way for the horse.  that in the space of half an hour, the Perdues were earthed, and he pioneers had cut a way for the more easy bringing up of the French Cavallary.  
Mayola, who by his presence had encouraged the workmen, would also be the first relator of this success, posted back to the Duke, told him what was done, and the Duke who longed after such tidings, Went on immediately in the head of his Army, not staying to give them a charge by word of mouth, with an Ite, go you, like a faint-hearted Commander, but like a daring leader, declaring a Venite, come and follow me, by his exemplary action. The places appointed for the sieve several assaults, and the Commanders which were to manage them were these. The first place, was at the Bridge upon the mouth of the Salt-Lake, the charge whereof was committed to S. Aunez, and his regiment who was seconded by the soldiers of Narbonne, Beziers, and the Diocese of Castres', a company of Volunteers commanded by the Lord de Lairone, a company of Musketeers, horsemen of Tholouza● under the Lord de Calvet, Treasurer of France. The second place was upon the sea shore, at the Port Franqui, 
And the French Army is divided 〈◊〉 sieve bonds.  and this was the charge of the regiment at Languedocke, which was backed by three companies of foot, brought into the Army, by the Lords of jonquieres, Cauvisson, and the Baron of Mirepois, by a troop of 150 Gentlemen, friends and allies to the marquis d' Ambres, one of the King's Lieutenants in Languedock, and by a company of men at Arms, consisting of 50 Masters. Betwixt these two places, on the right hand of the regiment of Languedock, a third place was committed to the trust and valour of the Lord S. Andrew, and the military bonds of Nismes and Castres', who was to be seconded by the Duke of Halewins company of men at Arms, which were to be backed with 60 volunteers, and a troop of horse under the command of the Lord de Magalas. The fourth place deputed to the charge of Chastelan, who with his own regiment, and the Commons of Montpellier lead the Vanguard, being seconded by the Count d' Aubyoux, who commanded the white Cornet of 100 Gentlemen, the marquis of Mirepois, following him with 50 others of the same quality, and the Lord of Monsoleus', who marched after the marquis with 60 men at Arms of his own name, and kindred, was upon S. Andrew's right hand, and the last upon Castelans' right hand, committed to the regiment of Vitrye; in the head whereof marched Clermont Vertilliard, the Field-marshal, seconded by a body of Infantry, commanded by Murveill, and that by another, under the direction of the Lord de Vallat, all by the men of Arms belonging to the Duke d' Halewin, and two other companies, under two other Commanders.  
All the Army was not to be engaged at once, a strong 
A reserve set apart.  reserve was set apart, to relieve their friends, if they should hap to be necessitated, and that was ready to be supplied by the Archbishop of Bordeaux, who by sea, about such time as both the hosts began to slack their hands, as weary of fight, came in happily, with 4000 foot, and two squadrons of horse, which he brought thither in such vessels, as the harbour was capable of, to secure his confederates upon all occasions.  
In this order, upon a signal given by the discharge of 4 Cannons, the French Army marched up to the Spanish trenches, and began a doubtful battle, both parties fight courageously, and victory hover over both the Armies, without any remonstrance, where she would pitch. The Spaniards in the beginning seemed her favourites, the French Commanders and soldiers, 
The battles join.  appointed for the four last places, were more disheartened by a false report (that S. Aunez, who had the charge of the first assault, was beaten back with loss of many of his men, himself being desperately wounded in the head with one Musket bullet, and in his body with many others) than the offensive Arms of the enemy, though by them they received much damage, being twice repulsed, not without some slaughter of men. But the General still like himself, by his word encouraged them not to faint, and leading on in person, charged upon the invadors so roundly, that he beat them back again to the squadrons, which were appointed to second them. The French Cavallary was not yet come up, the foot only had maintained this ambiguous fight, by the space of two hours. In the end the prauncing of the horse were heard, the Cavallary of both sides met, and the violent shocks of their encounters gave the Infantry a time of breathing. 
The fight doubtful, the French horse come up, and get the victory.  The Moon, whose light till then was shadowed by the interposition of a foggy-dark-thick-wombed cloud, than began to peep out of her silver orb, and stood as a spectatresse of the battle five hours together. So long she lent her borrowed light to the directors of the battle, who by her assistance, ordered their squadrons so well, that though they were often broke on both sides, they were as often rallyed, no man being able to judge which side would go off with conquest.  
Quis cladem illius noctis? the slaughter of men that night cannot be recorded without expression of some compassion. Cynthia stood looking on till the rocky mountainous field, rough by nature, appeared more uneven by heaps of slain men, and horses which covered the earth, till those hills which had been so often courted of Neptune, who by her assistance, had oft raised his curly head above the shore, appeared an Aceldama, a field of blood: the French not without some noted loss having got the victory, (some of their chief Commanders having purchased it with their lives, (all the rest with sore wounds) and slain far more Spaniards upon the place, and then she hide her head under the earth, as unwilling to see that horrid confusion, and so determined the battle.  
The adequate object of wisdom is, facienda, & vitanda; things to be undertaken, and avoided. Both the Armies had encountered with hazards and difficulties to avoid 
The Spaniards fly.  them. Now the darkness of the night had concealed the conquest from the victor, but could not make the loser unsensible of his damage. The Spaniard saw his men utterly discomfited, few repairing to their colours, and to save the remainder, made a volley of shot about 2 in the morning, from the Fort of Serbellon, as if it had been a signal to his scattered troops, to repair thither that they might be ready the next morning for a new fight, though it was (perhaps) but a trick to conceal his sight, himself and the remnant of his Army, presently making towards Spain by the way of Perpignan: the French stood in full battalions till the morning, and at dawning of the day, marched towards the Spanish quarters, which they found abandoned, and the sun climbing up the Eastern hill, by his splendour, discovered the way of Spain, strewed with the Arms and baggage of the flying enemy, who had disburdened himself of those encumbrances to make his slight the speedier. There needed no advice of what was to be done, the one part of the French Army, was sent after the sugitives, which overtook the rear, and put the slowest to the sword, besides great numbers which were slain at the Well of fresh 
The French seize of the spoil.  waters, during the time of the siege by the garrison, and the slaughter of some of the reare-guard upon their slight, and those as were slain the same day upon the place of battle, 500 were taken prisoners, (as the French boast) for the most part Captains, and reformed officers, and above 500 drowned in the sea, and the Lake de Salses. The other part went to risle the Spanish Camp, where they found a booty beyond common belief, and their own expectation. Serbellons, and all the officers tents stood whole, their Plate was unremoved, which with their beds and utensils remained to the victors, who also seized of the General's Mule, Coat, and staff of office, and sent them to the King as a trophy of the victory. But this was not all the prey, which befell to the Conquerors. The night 
The Spaniards loss.  which crowned them with this happiness, was the next which succeeded the Christian Kings Birthday, and as emulous of the glory thereof, presented the French Army with further spoils, (as the French write) all the Invadors Cannons, and Morterers, 500 Quintaux of proved r, 600 of Lead, (a quintane is 100 pound weight) 30 Wagons loaden with match, 7 or 8000 Bullets, 4000 Pikes, as many Axes, more Bombards, and fireworks, seven Wagons loaden with horseshoes, as many with iron nails, 26 Apothecaries chests, well stored with all manner of medicines, and victuals in abundance.  
News of this victory was brought to the King at 
The K. gives thanks to God, and rewards to his soldiers.  Paris, who to express his thankfulness to the Author, by a solemn song of thanksgiving, Octob. 8. new style, in the Church of Nostre-●ame at Paris, the Q: the Cardinal, the Counselors o● state, and the officers of all the Courts of justice, with throngs of people attending at that solemn Service; and in requital of the Instruments, honoured the Duke of Halewein with the Office of a Marshal of France, and the inferior Officers with rewards, tokens of his Royal love, the Canons of the Arsenal and Townhouse, expressing the joy of his Majesty in the Liberties of the people, and the Bonfires, and continual Acclamations of the people crying out Vive le Roy, testifying their affections, and sincere love to his Majesty.   

The Actions and Occurrences in Lorraine, Burgundy, the French County, Perigort, and Turena.  
AN aspiring flame is not easily suppressed, it often diffuseth itself about the matter cast upon it, and recovereth the air, receiveth no hurt by the blow of a staff, but giving way to the harder body, without any sensible separation of its parts, cometh together again. Such is the condition of a true soldier, an affront by his Friends, an open desertion of his Allies, cannot so much abate his spirit, as to make him lay down his arms, and give way to his adversary, the stage of war is large, and if one part thereof be so encumbered that he cannot do his part there, he will act it upon another. The Duke of Rohan by the practice of the Grisons, was hindered 
The Duke of Rohans march out of the Veltoline.  from promoting the Christian Kings affairs in the Veltoline, marched thence with 800 horse, and 4000 foot, men of braver insides than outsides, tried Lads, their weatherbeaten garments testifying, that they had endured some storms of war and weather, intending to join his Forces with the King's Armies, either in the French-County, or Piedmont, a● he should receive order from his Majesty, who was then prescribing several Provinces to his several Generals.  
Duke Bernhard of Weymar was appointed for the Rhine principally, but not with so strict a Commission, as not to encounter with the King's Enemies elsewhere; some rubs were expected in his way, and it was in his election, whether he would make any stay to remove them, the Christian King thinking himself sufficiently honoured by the voluntary service of so noble a Prince, so absolute a Commander, not limiting him, which 
D. Bernhard goeth into the field.  without chalking the way, knew both the manner, and time to further the King's business. His Majesty graced him with his personal presence to Rheims, the Metropolis of Campagnia, whence after a Dieu vous benie, God speed you, and farewell, ordinary compliment, the Duke marched first to Langres, a town in the midst of Caesar's Lingones, now known by the name of the Province called Bessigni, thence to Vescay, and thence to Dampiere, the General Rendezvous of his Army, where I find him first preparing for action, june 3/1●. The Almain Forces which were to be conducted to his Army under the General Major Schavelitzky did not then come in, nor was their stay prejudicial to his designs, but Hallier his Lieutenant General met him with 4000 able horse, and seven Regiments of foot, and attended with this retinue, he began to execute the King's Commission. The Garrison of Grace, a town upon the Northwest of the River of Sacue, right over against Auxounne, had lately got from the French the Castle of Romagne, a place of such importance, that it being in the 
Takes in the Castle of Romagne.  Spaniards hands, did not only hinder all correspondence, betwixt the two great towns of Sangres and Diion, but did much annusance to the whole adjoining territory. It was well manned according to the proportion of its capacity, 120 soldiers, and thirty peasants being laid into it, and better victualled, and this was the first place where he employed his forces. Tupadell his General Major was sent before with the avantguard of his Army to surround it, the Duke imagining that such an apparition would be so terrible to the defendants, as to make them prepare for a capitulation. The issue was otherwise, the besieged saw but a small number of Enemies, and by the benefit of the Fort, thought themselves strong enough to grapple with them, they imagined that the Duke was confined to a day and place elsewhere, and would not stay to bring the body of his Army thither, and in this confidence scoffed at the General Major, as if he had undertaken a business which he could not accomplish: But se M●cque qui cloque, they had no cause to scorn him, the avantguard which presented itself before the Fort, was but as a flash of lightning before a thunderclap, two days after, the Duke himself came down in person 
Which yiel upon discretion.  with the main body of his army, spent 100 great shot against the Castle, forced the Garrison to yield upon discretion, made all the soldier's prisoners of war, with their Captain Tournon Major of Grace and an Alfieres, which commanded them. The peasants were dismissed, and might have passed freely, had they not been discovered, to have concealed some Pistolets which 
Some peasants to secure their gold, los● both money and lives.  were given to the soldiers as lawful pillage. Like those jews when Jerusalem was besieged by Titus Vespasian, they had shrined up some gold in their bowels, and that treasure which should have served for their livelihood, was the cause of death to some of them (the soldiers apprehending them, and ripping up their bellies to find that Mine) and had been to all, if the Duke had not interposed and restrained them, from proceeding so cruelly.  
Champlete another Fort which much endamaged the King's Country, stood next in his way, and this he first summoned by a trumpet, june 1●/●0, and the day following by six Canons, which forced the Garrison to surrender and redeem their baggage with a good and 
Champlite surrendered to D. Bernh.  proportionable ransom, and then the way being cleared, and these Castle committed to French presidiaries, a part of our Army, marched directly towards the River of Soane●, with order to encamp about the town of Briot, till the day following, which time he himself came to them with the troops which attended him.  
It is the soldier's glory to encounter with difficulties, and the Duke of Weymar met with much opposition on his march, but never shunned it. The Colonel Mercy in behalf of Charles Duke of Lorraine, with 13 Regiments of horse, and four of foot, though not complete 
Mercy with 17 Regiments opposeth the D. passage over ●●an.  ones had planted himself on the East side of the River, to hinder the Almain Duke and his French retinue, from passing it. Tidings of the Lorrainers' design, were brought him, by the Vantcurriers of his Army, and he immediately put his men into battalia, and marched directly towards the River point blank against the place, a Village where the Enemy's Army lay on the other side of the water. The sight of the foe, standing to dispute his passage with arguments of steel, raised his blood (not to an unadvised anger, which should make him neglect counsel, and without respect of danger, cause him to go on desperately) but to a well regulated emulation, and that expressed in action, his valiant heart being thereby inflamed to make strong and speedy resistance, against such a daring Antagonist. At once, he both drew out a Squadron of horse, and ordered them to assay the passage, and beat off the Lorraivers Dragoons, which lay entrenched beyond the flood: and planting eight Canons upon an hill near the Village, leveled them against the Lorrainers' Camp, which 
Duke Bernh. encounters him,  making some slaughter of his men (the Cavallary sent to that purpose, having happily passed the stream, twice discharging upon the Dragoons, being seconded by some Musquetiers, which waded up to the armholes, to secure their friends, cleared the passage, D. Charles his Dragoons perceiving almost 100 of their companions slain upon the place, amongst which was their prime Commander, the General Major of that Regiment, 100 wounded, and some taken prisoners, retiring to an hill for their better safety. But the change of ground could not secure them from the devouring sword which pursued them; the whole body of the French Cavallary, without delay made over to their Companions, and Colonel Rosa Lieutenant of the Alman Duke's lifeguard, having found a more fordeable cut, brought that off Regiment of 800 men through the stream, to those who had passed it before, which flankerd, or side-ways assaulted the Lorrainers' forces, whilst the French Cavallary them in fron●, near the Village d' Arralogne. The battle might have proved doubtful if all Duke Charles his men had been sons of one mother, if all had but the like courage to three Almayn Regiments which stood to it stoutly, & maintained the sight valiantly alone by the space of an hour, 
And gets the victory.  after the rest were fled. But the tergiversation of those fugitives lost the day, the Germans in the end too were compelled to give ground, by an orderly retreat from one Hill to another keeping their ranks unbroken, and themselves from the Massacre, till being brought to a strait passage, and roughly assaulted they disbanded in great confusion, exposing themselves & their friends to the sword, or captivity, and their baggage for a prize to their Enemy. The sum of all was thus. The Lorrainers, and Burgundians, the other part of D. Charles his Army, fled to the neighbour Towns and Castles to save themselves, but to the great damage of their entertainers; the town of Giz, whither the major part of 
Giz yielded upon discretion.  them fled for shelter, was surrounded immediately by the Germane Duke, who june 15/25, constrained both it and some other small Castles, where he found good store of viands, to yield upon discretion; only the Fort of 
The Commander in St. Loup hanged up.  Saint Loup held out two days longer to the pain of the Governor, who then yielding upon such conditions, as the victor should prescribe him after the surrendry, (justice overruling mercy) was hanged according to the Law of Arms, for his sauciness, in presuming to hold a place so weakly fortified against so puissant an army. All the three Germane Regiments, 50 persons only 
The issue and effect of the battle.  excepted were slain, or brought into captivity, 500 dead corpses of them being found upon the place, and 900 known to be taken prisoners, besides such as were kept secret by the soldiers for their ransoms, and 3000 horses gained by this victory. The prisoners of note were these. First, the Count of Reux a Colonel, 2. two Lievienant Colonels, by name Siurry and joseph Carr●●. 3. ten Captains of horse. 4. Nine Lieutenants. 5. Fifteen Cornets. 6, 13. Quarter-masters. 7. Thirty and seven Corporals. 8. Thirteen trumpeters, 9 Three Kettledrums one Provost, 426 common soldiers, and 400 Dragoons; besides women amongst which was the wife to Baron de Langres, and a great number of Servants; the greatest part of the soldiers freed themselves from thraldom, by a voluntary tender of their service to the Duke of Weymar, but 16 Ensigns gained by the victory, were sent to the King as Monumental trophies of this achievement, and are kept by his Majesty.  
This defeat was seconded by another, Mercy had rallyed up his broken Army & with 2000 horse applied himself to trouble Schavelitskyes passage, who was coming from the Rhinoward, with 3000 men appointed to attend the Alman Duke in this Expedition. Notice of the design was brought to the General before 
Mercy again defeated by the Rhinegrave  it was put into execution, commanded the Rhinegrave against him, who so behaved himself in the enterprise, that he slew 400 of them upon the place, put the rest to slight, and pursued them two league to Vesou, one of the principal towns of the French-County.  
Whilst these things were acting about the Saone, some 
Montbeliard blocked up by Butler, is freed by Schavelitzky  other of the forces appertaining to Duke Charles the General Butler and the French County appeared about Monbeliard a City almost at the head of Mosella in Lorraine, in all 4000 strong, surprised, and ruinated the bridge & Fort of Voiaucourt, and began to block up Montbelyard; but retreated again upon the report of Schavalit●k●s march, whose very name grew formidable 
Altkirk, taken, pillaged and burnt by Schavelitzky.  by the ruins he had made in the Sundgow, where he had taken Altkircke and the Castle, pillaged them, and burned them to the ground, and now reinforced by the Count de Grandcey, Commander of Montbeliard, who came to him, with 200 horse, and 1000 foot, with their joint Forces took in Porreutruy, in the Bishopric of Basill, where they stayed some few days expecting directions from the General. june 25, July 5, they met his Highness at Viller-sexe, whither they brought up only 2500 men, the roughness of the way, and tediousness of the journey making the rest to lag behind upon the way. The Duke's forces, were now drawn all together, and though he hasted towards the Rhine, he 
Montbeliard revictualled by D. Bernhard.  would not leave the French County, without some ampler testimony of his sincere resolution to propagate the cause, which he had undertaken. Divers petit Forts and Castles in that only Province had submitted to him, and out of their store, he had revictualled Montbeliard, both with Corn and Cattell, and now for a farewell to the County, june 27, july 6, he first visited Beaulme, which surrendered the same day, and furnished the Army with provision for the belly, and ammunition for war; and then himself and his Lieutenant General Halliere, having drawn out 350 horse, and 1200 footmen out of the army went to seek out the Enemy about Bezauzon. Iuly ●/●●, the Game sprung of itself. 
Six Companies of Lorraine horsemen defeated by D. Bernb.  Six Companies of the Lorrainers light horse, and lifeguard, appeared near a Country Village thereabouts, assaulted them, & though for a time, they defended themselves manfully, in the end vanquished them, slew, and took the most part of them prisoners, and got all their Cornets and baggage. The Sun had not reached the Meridian, when this Enterprise was accomplished, nor had the Duke of Weymar, yet attained to the Zenith of that days happiness, Ridet fatum quoi evexit subi●ò, & nisi misereatur, rapit. Fortune deals with her creatures, as the young Lion with the Dog, plays with it a while, and then kills it. Boysey a man raised by Duke Charles to the dignity of a Colonel, as if Fate had sent him to fill up the Crescent of the Germane Duke's glory, with a 
Boyseys Regiment defeated and himself slain.  full Regiment of 1200 men, came into the field, and was discovered not fare from Bezanzon, preparing to impeach the Duke in his way to the Rhine, and against him, some troops were sent out, who defeated him, and made him pay for his ambition of glory, with his own life, and of above 100 of his men, and with the captivity of his son, who had engaged himself with his Father in that Expedition, and many other ordinary Soldiers.  
Montmartin a Castle sited advantageously, and the town of Vesou stood still in his way, and he meaning to have his passage clear, would not leave them unvisited, Mont martin was summoned Iuly ●/1●, and yielded 
Mommartin & Vesou taken in the Duke marcheth towards the Rhine.  the next day upon discretion, Vesou was surrounded by the Duke's army the day after, and the inhabitants suspecting their disability to hold out a siege, surrendered upon composition. And here was the period of the Duke's stay in the French County, after these achievements he marched towards the Rhine, desirous to prevent John de Werth, who was dispatched by the King of Hungary, and the Duke of Bavaria, to make head against him there. Duke Charles intending to join the remainder of his army (abated already a third part and more) with the Bavarian followed him at a distance, and seeking to assist his Confederate, lost the love of his own people, who seeing their late Prince more careful of another's, than his own territories, both the Gentry and other inhabitants of the Duchy at Nancy, and the Barrois came in by throngs, and voluntarily at Nancy 
Many of the Lorrainers submit to the Fr. King voluntarily.  gave an oath of Allegiance to the Christian King, betwixt the hands of Oq●incourt the Governor.  
Le Pont de Horde a place upon the River of Doux, in the Frontiers of the French County, was known to be garrisoned with such men; as much troubled the Christian Kings Allies, and subject in the adjacent territories, yet he would not stay to encamp before it, nor send a trumpet to summon it, that charge was left to the 
Le pont de Horde,  Count de Medavy, Governor of Montheliard, from whence it was but three leagues distant: The Governor according to his order. july 7/17, committed the care of the design to the Captain la Capelle, Serjeant Major of the Regiment de Perche, whom with 200 Musquetiers, two Companies of light-horse, and one piece of Canon 
Besieged.  he sent the same day, to take it in. The Captain according to the common course of war, sent first to summon it, and receiving not only a flat denial, but a volley of shot, which wounded some of his soldiers, attending the Commander's refusal, played upon it with his Canon, while Fresmey his Lieutenant had advanced up to them, and broke it down. A small disadvantage abates the edge of a Thrasonical Braggart: He which before might have had any honourable conditions granted him, if he would have desired them, now began to beg for his 
And taken by the Count of Medovy Governor of Montbeliard.  life, and baggage, and that being denied by the Leaguer, which would not then, being so fare advanced, be tied to Covenants, and thus distressed, fearing to be surprised in the Fury, the issue whereof is fatal, he submitted without articling to the assiegeants' mercy. The wheel of fortune turns in a moment, the spoke that erst was highest, is presently lowest: The Sun but two hours since, saw this Governor commanding like a petit Prince, outbraving his Enemy, and returning words of defiance to the others admonition; and now sees him a Captive, 
The Governor hanged.  a slave marked for death, manacled, and led to execution, the Count of Medovy so adjudging it, that because the Garrison expected the Canon, and had done many outrages with execrable cruelty in the vicinage, the Governor should be hanged before the Castle gate, & the Soldiers be made prisoners of War, if they would not serve under his Colours, which they did to recover their liberty, were transmitted to Duke Beruhards' Army, and dispersed into several Regiments; that being severed they might not consult to run away. The Castle was not great of building, but of some importance, the prize thereof secured the harvest of that territory, as far as to Neufchastell, and opened the way for the French Garrisons to make an inroad into the Mountain of Burgundy.  
It is but folly for man amongst the multitudes of so many vanities, as attend mortality, to expect perpetual felicity. Some molestations, are still calling us to their embraces, and sorrows will intervene to season our merriments The Germane Duke was not so much joyed in his achievements, as dejected by the death of his bosom friend Ponica, a man whom above all other he had 
The death of Ponica, D Bernhards' bosom friend.  chosen out, to participate of his secrets, being both wise in counsel, and valiant in action. He was taken from him by a violent fever in the midst of July, and his embalmed body was reserved in the Camp, till the Duke went to the Rhine, and then it was honourably interred at Basill.  
Nor was the Christian King without his Cross, though his forces abroad on the thriving hand, an insurrection at home, by the Croquans in Pirigort, and the miserable devastation of Towers, the Metropolis of Turena upon the Loire, by a strange sudden tempest, much disturbed him.  
The damage at Tours was unevitable, it proceeded 
A strange tempest at Tours.  not from the hostile Arms of an open enemy, nor the mutinies of rebels, but permission of the divine power, against which, there is not a thought of contestation to be entertained. The thing was full of admiration, progress and period. It was a great calm, with a little rain, when suddenly, two dark clouds met together, which belched out a wind intermingled with fire, and raised such a tempest, as hath not been known in the memory of man. It was first perceived near the wood S. Cosme, where it tore up the trees by the roots, and as in a moment, drive them to diverse places, and thence extending itself to the City, overturned the most part of the houses in the town and suburbs, particularly that of La Rich, which had not a chimney left standing, nor a piece of the roof to cover it, not sparing the Churches; S. julian's besides the shattered windows, having one of the steeples laid flat to the earth, and the other broke off in the middle: two of Saint Gratian'ss Pyramids being blown down, with the windows of S. Peter du boil, the Dormitory and chimneys of Marmonsti●r, a panel of the wall in the Carmelites cloister, with so much more loss, as cannot well be repaired with one hundred thousand French crowns. This was the progress, yet the end was more wonderful both in its time of duration, and the bounds of the tempest. It was supposed to be raised by some damned Sorcerer, who by the assistance of the Prince of the air had caused this outrage. The instrument of this desolation was limited both to time, place, and persons; the time lasted not above half a quarter of an hour: the Hurricane, (so we may call it, though the true one was never seen in Europe) did not dilate itself beyond the City, and the Southern banks of the Loire, where it rend up some few trees, nor killed any, save only two men, which in a kind of diffidence in the divine providence, were going to shelter themselves in the Tower S. Hugon, their eyes having beheld that strong place cast down by the violence of the storm before their deaths, the supreme Majesty reading a lecture to us all by their destruction, when they sought for preservation, that the assured means of temporal safety are not in our election; and that it is mere vanity to oppose his omnipotency.  
His Majesty's troubles by the mutinous rebels, were 
Buffara a Weaver raiseth a commotion in Perigot  within his power to remedy. The heads of such intestine commotions, are commonly base fellows, neither fit for counsel in peace, nor command in war; Jack Straw, Cade, and Wat Tyl●r in England, were formerly known the ringleaders in such insurrections, and now Buffara, a Weaver in Perigot, overshooting his shuttle, would be a stickler in state business, and convoking some peasants, men of desperate fortunes, and more desperate minds, by an heap of words, ill couched, but plausibly uttered, spoke thus unto them.  
Is there any difference betwixt the King and us? we 
By an ill woven speech to the Peasants▪  have the shape of men as well as he. His greatness is supported by us, whose shoulders must bear the heavy weight of all his impositions, if we will continue in subjection to that too grievous a burden. There is scarce one of us, but may know the sweetness of liberty; we have been apprentices, or hired servants, and then feeling the scourge of our masters over us, we desired to be our own men, the expiration of some few years, delivered us from that servitude, and we rejoiced in that liberty: But what got we thereby? A slavery far above the former: while we lived with our Masters, their purses bore our charges, we neither cared for house-rent, nor parish duties, we did our work, took our ordinary repasts and rest, not caring for the morrow. Now we are Masters, but worse slaves then formerly; we cark and labour, sit up late, and rise early, and hardly can maintain our families, yet must be taxed with such burdens, as we cannot support to maintain a war, undertaken for pleasure, not profit to the Kingdom. The King hath provoked an enemy, with whom he might have had peace, and We must suffer for it. We see the Frontiers of this Kingdom invaded, the Spaniard hath got some footing in Guyenne, Languedock, Province, and Picardy, it is to be thought he will go on, and if we mean to save ourselves, we must not appear in the King's behalf, and if we mean to enjoy our states, we must take up Arms, and oppose the King's officers, that pursue us with their exactions. I crave your resolutions, and as many as will assent unto me, let them fling up their caps, and cry liberty.  
Each offence (like Horace his Crow in the jays feathers) 
The people assenting, take up Arms.  struts in the colours of virtue) The rebel, which preferring his private interest before the common good, would alter the course of state, in an aristocraty ushering in an Ataxy, in a Monarchy introducing an Anarchy, will have a plea of polity to varnish his rebellion, and if he can but deliver it to the ignorant people in a fustian language, that manyheaded beast doth oft receive it as Authentical. The seduced people applauded his speech, and as if P●itho had sat upon his seditious tongue, assevered, that he spoke truth in all, took up Arms, chose him for their chieftain, and in a desperate madness, following their more desperate leader, searched the Merchant's warehouses of that Province, slaughtered the King's officers, proclaimed a day of jubilee to as many as would take part with them, and by their progress in the beginning, finding no resistance, increased their first number to 7000 men. Mischief, though not well supported at the first; grows higher, like the luxuriant branches of a fruitbearing tree: if a good Patriot, like a Gardener, put in his pruning hook, the suckers are soon cut off, and the stock remains entire. The Duke de Valette, son of the aged 
Are beaten in the field by the Duke a● Valette.  d' Espernon, Lieutenant General of that Province, his old Sires years disabling him from performing his office, supplied his Father's duty, summoned the train bands of the Country, called together many volunteers, met them in open field, when they were in the height of glory, gave them battle, slew 1200 of them upon the place, and chased them to Bergery, a a City upon the Dordonne, a River which disembogeth itself into the Garonne, below Bourdeaux, where they fortified themselves, and stood in defiance of his Forces. The Duke omitted no means to reclaim or subdue them: brought his Cannon into the field against them, but that did not so much as affright them, promised them fairly, that their taxes should be alleviated, if not totally taken off, but his oratory could not provaile, yet at last with the old state trick of a pardon, 
Their Captain broke upon the wheel.  made them submit, and deliver up their Captain into his hands, whom he commanded to be broke alive upon the wheel, in the high way, as an exemplary pattern of justice, and dismissed the others in peace to their own habitations.  
A black Smith, a Farrier, born at Lavergne in Quircy, 
A black Smith raiseth a new commotion in Quercy.  at the same time made another insurrection in that Province, and upon the like pretext, had drawn together 3000 men from Tegrac, Lavergne, Padicar, and other places of that territory, who gracing himself by the name and title of Captain Basque, and attended with this goodly retinue, went first to Gramat, a walled town, within one league of Lavergne, and thence enforced the proprietor, the Count of Cabeces to fly, having slain five or six of his domestic servants, whom he had sent to restrain his insolent disorder. Proud of his success, he proceeded further, went to Fons, near Figear, a small walled town, but not garrisoned, 
Taketh Fons.  commanded the inhabitants to open their gates and receive such conditions as he would prescribe them, which they durst not refuse, there being no Army in that peaceable, and by peace over secure Country to resist him. His success in the first attempt, made him entertain a conceit, that he was a good Commander, but the fortune of the last, raised him from an opinion of his own worth, to a sure confidence of ability, the bladder of his timpanons' ambition 
Is reinforced by 3000 fresh men.  being blown up, by the breath of 3000 other vain fellows, which came in to his assistance. Buffara, in the adjoining territory, had given him a precedent of vain arrogancy, and he intended to outdo him in his folly. His attendants took upon them the name of Croquans, as well as those under Buffara, and to make them resemble military men, that they might go into the field with colours, he rob the Churches of their Pennons, and Banners, employed and used them as Ensigns: and that he might appear another Salmoneus, armed with false thunder, he took a tree of proportionable bigness, boared and shaped it like a piece of great Ordnance, thinking thereby to be more formidable. Wasps make combs, and Apes imitate men: and Smug would resemble S. George on horse back.  
In this equipage he presented himself, ●0/●●. before the City Figear: first, seysing of the suburbs, which the inhabitants had abandoned upon the report of his march 
Summons Pigear.  thitherwards, and then summoning the town to open the gates, and to admit him in, with the black guard which followed, his ragged regiment. The inhabitants ironically humbly petitioned him, to stay till morning, acknowledged his victorious Arms, but that they might not be proclaimed traitors to the Crown, and forfeit their charter, they only requested a short time of deliberation. The Farrier yields, plants himself that 
Is deluded by the Citizens.  night in the suburbs, expects the signal of his intramission the next morning, when suddenly he was saluted with hailshot from the walls, order being taken that the Lord Camboulye then residing in the City, should place himself there, with the old men, and such as could do no other service, to discharge the small Guns against him, whilst the Lord of Roquefort with such a Cavallary as could be suddenly raised in the City, and the Baron of Marinall, with 500 armed Citizens, should sally out against him. The shot startled him, and made the Peasants give ground; but Roquefort, and the Baron soon after falling upon the Rebels with all their might, beat them out of the first Barricado's, driven them to the end of the suburbs, where while their leader was rallying his disordered band, intending to renew the combat, the soldiers of the City gave them such arough charge, that the most of them being slain, the rest were compelled to fly for their lives to Fons, which they had surprised the day foregoing, 
Taken and delivered to the hands of justice.  whither the Baron of Marinal pursued them, doing execution upon the Rear, and besieging the rest in the town, which they had taken for their security. The rabble of Rebels no sooner perceived themselves thus straitened, but they humbly begged licence to return in peace to their own homes. They were naturally the King's subjects, born in his dominions, and had sworn to persist in a faithful obedience to his Majesty, and the Baron therefore was unwilling to proceed in extremity against them, though they had given such an evidence of disloyalty, it was reputed misprision, not malice which caused the common men to offend, and though it was in his power to punish them exemplarily, he concluded it to be fare better to win their affections by an act of mercy, then to eloign the hearts of their fellows from him, by proceeding against them legally. Yet still he kept at a politic distance from them, painted out the heinousness of the trespass in glaring, oily colours, told them he could not answer it before his Majesty, if he should suffer them to escape unpunished, and all to make them sensible of their error, which he did so effectually, that the poor souls perceiving what they had done, humbly begged pardon, which he granted conditionally. First, that they should deliver into his hands, their Captain, Lieutenant, and the Ensigns with the colours. Secondly, that each man should return to his own dwelling, and sweere never more to meet with any intention to oppose the King's service: both which conditions were performed the same day, and the Captain, Lieutanant, and Ensigns, were delivered to the officers of civil justice, to be proceeded against as criminal melefactors, guilty of high treason: the Baron of Marivall preparing for his journey to Paris, to inform his Majesty of the particulars which had been done.  
Thus the King's forces were happily victorious over the Rebels, which had raised these intestine commotions within his own dominions; nor were his Armies which were sent against the frontier Provinces under the Spaniards command unfortunate, either when they undertook the recovery of what the King had lost, the year passed, or made an invasion into the Spanish territories. The Comtois were freed of D. Bernhard, but not of all the King's soldiers. The D. of Longueville, Lieutenant General to the Prince of Conde, had drawn together all the Frenches which had wintered in Champagne, Lorraigne, and Burgundy, and expecting to be reinforced by the old soldiers, which came out of Switzerland, under the Duke of Rohan, who by reason of the indisposition of body, being forced to stay at Geneva, was transmitting his 500 horse, and 4000 foot to Longneville, though yet attended only with his own men, marched directly against the French County, and began his work where Duke Bernhard left, further advancing the King's business, and more perplexing his enemies. His first quarter was at Branges, whence I find him marching, june 11/●●. and encamping the same night near Faix with his Army. Till than he found occasion to make experiment of his men's courage, or his own forrunes. Here he found a small adventure 
The marquis nf Conflans raised by the Duke of Langueville▪  to try his prowess. An expert Spanish Commander, the marquis of Conflans, was encamped near him with three regiments, against him he dispatched Guitry the Field-marshal, with one part of his Army, who, undiscovered till he had reached his Enemy, charged him so suddenly and furiously that had not the Spanish Commander been very careful to hold his forces in their military order, his Regiments had been routed, and yet his care could not enable him to maintain his trenches, raised he was, but not discomfited, receding in a well ordered retreat, some of his Cavallary being slain, he saved the remain of his men two leagues, leaving one Cornetto, one Guidon, his plate, and all his baggage, as a booty to Guitry, whose soldiers more greedy of that prize, than a glorious victory stayed to pillage his Camp, not pursuing him.  
June 12/●1, the Duke encamped near the Castle of Courlaon, 
The Castle of Courlaon▪ besieged by the D.  which he rounded with his army the same day, but not without opposition of the Garrison, which played upon him from the Castle, and wounded Gondreville, his Armour-bearer close by him, and not far from him, Fevillan and Rembe two Captains of the Regiment d' Anguyen. The Viscount Arpajoux Field-marshal, was employed all night to plant a battery against the Citadel, whiles the labourers, and some ordinary soldiers were sent to get bavins to fill up the two ditches about the Fort, both which did their parts so carefully, that by break of day, the great Ordnance began to thunder, the pioneers had filled up the outward ditch with faggots, 
Surrendered upon composition.  and plained the way for their easier access to the other; the great Guns had made a reasonable breach in the wall, and the soldiers, each man with a faggot in one hand, & military instruments in the other, were hasting to fill up the inward ditch, and prepare for assault, by eight the same morning, when suddenly a white flag appearing upon the wall, a retreat was sounded, the French Assailants made a stop, and the Garrison condescended upon condition of life saved to surrender the Citadel. Less could not have been desired, more perhaps might have been granted, if it had been requested: to this petition the Duke subscribed willingly, & so without effusion of blood, got tile Fort, where he spent the next day to refresh his Army, repair the breaches, renew the Fortifications, accommodate the place with a Garrison, and to dispose of the ammunition, and other commodities found there, for his best benefit, and subsistence of his Forces.  
A worse Fate attended a neighbouring City Lion de Saulnier, then befell the Castle, it was a place late of eminence 
The town of Lion de Saulnier surprised by the French.  in the County, the salt pans adjoining yielding a good annual revenue to the inhabitants, and they again adorning the place with goodly edifices, testimonies of their wealthiness. Now it must both change its Lord, and lose its splendour. june 14/24, the Duke went in person to survey it, and the same day begirt it with all his power. The Garrison defended it well, whiles it was theirs, and when they could not hold it, ruined it. The French got it by piecemeal, first, the cloister of the Capuchins, than the Suburbs of Saint Desire, and the town afterwards; yet we cannot properly say they got it, though the Spaniard lost it, unless the Spaniards loss may be called their gain; the Garrison as it gave ground, 
The Castle holds out.  so the Assailants gave fire to the Cloister, Suburbs, and City, which put the besiegers to a new trouble, labouring to save what they could from the devouring Vulcan, while Rimcourt the Spanish Commander enclosed himself in the Castle, the strength of the City well moated, well walled, and then of the more difficult access, because the Dike was brim full of water; and he had broken down the bridge, which led into the Castle, leaving the rubbish of the town a prize to the assailants.  
Yet though the Duke could not then take that Castle, two others the same day became subject to the 
Two other Castles taken by the Duke Longueville.  King by his and his Confederates means. Sancourt a Captain of one of his troops of horse, took in the Fort of Chilly, and the Count de Guebriant, Lieutenant General to the Duke of Rohan, who that very day came up with his Forces to the Army, by the way took in another in the same vicinage.  
Mutual salutations were scarce passed, betwixt the Duke the General, and Guebriant the Field-marshal, when the Town and Castle of Montaigne sited on an hill, in the view of Lion de Saulnier, presented itself to the Count's eye. An active spirit apprehends each occasion to be doing: The Count though he could not but be weary of his late march, expressed a kind of impatience 
Montaigne taken by the Count de Guebriant.  in his looks, till he might come to action; acquainted the Duke with his purpose against Montagne, and the Duke as forward to give way to the design, as the Field-marshal was to undertake it, gave him licence to use his forcé there without tying him to conditions. The Count marched against it, and carried the town, though the Commander tracing the steps of Rimcourt, intended to fire it, and in the end the Castle upon Covenants, that the Peasants which surmounted above the number of 100, who were in the Fort, should yield upon discretion: and the soldiers with their arms, without baggage, should have convoy to some place of the Catholic King, which being not specified, were sent to Perpignan.  
Matters of danger, not despair, are the true objects of valour: Every virtue is tied to Rules; and bounded with limits not to be transgressed, the extremes alter all goodness, if they be pitched upon: courage loseth its merited honour, if wilfulness and unguided petulancy overbear it: a well grounded reason, without prejudice to a man's honour, may justly countermand a rash and inconsiderate resolution. It had been dishonourable for Rimecourt to yield upon the first summons, and to hold out, it was almost impossible. Nor could the assailant enforce him, but by famine, nor his friends relieve him if it should have come to that exigent. The place was penned up with numbers of souls within it, the straight confines of a Castle scarce could contain his soldiers amounting 
The Castle of Lion de Saulmere surrendered upon composition.  to 600 in number, and the inhabitants which surmounted that account, the Pest was hot amongst them, and paid a greater tribute to the grave, than the Enemy's sword. Pharaohs lean Kine presented themselves daily before him, the people began to cry out for bread, a morsel would have contented them, which before fared delicately every day, and were not pleased without variety of dainty dishes: Relieve them he could not but by an hard purchase of their liberty, nor be eased of their clamours, but by absenting himself from them, and that could not be archieved without the assent of his Enemy, and therefore he rather resolved to buy his quiet upon hard covenants, then endure that vexation, which otherwise must necessarily pursue him. Capitalate he would, and upon any terms surrender, and capitulate he did, and surrendered upon a strange Article, which though in the Generals it savoured of providence, was a plain evidence, that harder terms would have been accepted, if they had been required, viz. a convoy for the Garrison to any of his Catholic Majesties towns, which the Duke accepted, embarked them in so many Bottoms, as were required for their transportation, and carried them down the Saone into the County of Rousillon.  
The first wheel of an Autocineton, a selfmoving Engine being set a going the others must follow: It is so in war, one prime place yielding, the appendants must come in too. The Castles of Crevecaur, Chilly, and Estoille in the French County, as if there had been a contignation of their several buildings, sunk with the main piece of that Fabric, the Castle of Lion de Saulnier and without 
Divers Forts and Castles taken by the D. de Longueville.  enforcement rendered themselves to the Duke of Longueville his Majesty's Lieutenant General, who possessed himself of them to the use of the Christian King his Master. The Fort of Savigny in the Province of Bresse, made some resistance, and detained him some few days: The Spaniard had got it by his puissance the year before, and would not let it go without knocks; A private man is more tenacious of what he hath got by his own industry, than what descends unto him by inheritance: The Soldier, like the Merchant, will sell dear when he pays dear. The others places descended to the Crown of Spain, by marriage, this was purchased with blood, and nought but blood could redeem it, 14 days the Garrison held out, from the 2/● of july new style, to the 16, and then after blows both given and taken, was constrained to yield, upon condition that the Garrison consisting of 200 men should be conveyed to such one of the Catholic Kings towns, as it should please the French General.  
It is no happiness to be possessed of much, if there be no use to be made thereof. The Castle of Savigne opened her gates to let the French in, but as yet they durst not trust themselves within the walls thereof, the Spandards were gone, but left a more dangerous foe behind them: the air was infected with pestilent exhalations threatening an unavoidable destruction, to as many as should dare to draw breath there: To make it securely habitable, the Duke's first care was to have it well aired, and having purged it of the stench, silth and putrefaction, which caused the contagion, about three weeks after, put in a 
The Castle of Sovigny ayred before the French enter.  French Garrison. The time which was spent thereabout was not consumed vainly, order was taken by a politic Ordinance for the sustentation of his Army, which though it was employed to the proper use of bearing arms against the King's Enemies, was by that means provided for plentifully, by the peasants of the French County, not of love, but fear, while the soldiers following their own profession, handled not the Sickle to cut down the ripe Corn, but the sword to cut off their adversaries: The French County was full of grain, the Harvest answered the seedtime, and the ploughman's hopes▪ but they which sowed it, durst not mow it, lest they should both lose their labours, and lives in that adventure. To secure the labouring Husbandman, and to provide for his Camp at once, by a Proclamation he authorised the Comtois to gather in the fruits of the earth of what sort soever, with a condition, to bring in the 
The Duke of Long, by suffering the Comptois to take their crop, relieves his army  third sheaf, shock, or rispell unto his Magazine. The covenant was received joyfully, and the peasants with show of alacrity, brought in the thirds of their Country commodities glad to have an assurance of two parts, which feared they should lose the total.  
And yet the effects of this Decree, were not the main sum of the account, which the Duke could make of his time there. His forces came to action, and whilst the Country people by supplying their wants, strengthened their hands and hearts, they advanced the King's designs. The Duke was informed by some prisoners, that the Spaniards had made a little head, had assembled together betwixt Poligny, and the Castle of Ruff, and himself in person attended with 1200 horse, and 5800 Musquetiers went from the Camp at Savigni three days before it was surrendered to give them battle. His intent was to have crushed the Cockatrice in the shell, to have abated that little body, which was in growing, before it came to perfection, but that project prevented by the providence of the Spanish Colonel Maillart, who commanded those forces, and hearing of the Duke's march, retreated to a place of more security, betwixt Salines and Bezanzon, he took occasion by his own eye to inform himself of the States, and strength of Bleterans, Poligni, and Arbois, the taking in of which places would prevent the Enemy of all means to attempt any thing against the King's towns in Bresse, and Bagez, while the French armies were busied elsewhere, and then returned.  
july, 5/15, he went again from his Quarter in the Camp, 
Orgelet yield to the French with other Forts.  towards Cowleige, and thence again the next day to Orgelet, to besiege the Town and Castle which defended it, where the Suburbs being mastered by the Viscount d'Arpajoux his Lieutenant General, the besieged fired the town, and betook themselves to the Castle, which they thought was strong enough to secure them, and they able to hold, but were forced to yield the same day upon discretion. Many hands make light work, Savigni by this was reduced to extremities, and stood upon accord, only a part of the host was left before it, the rest were commanded upon several adventures. The Baron of Cowpet, with the Regiment of Anguien, was sent against the Castles of Montonne, Pymorain, and latour-du-May, which he took successively upon accord, and last against the Castle of Clervall, which he took by assault, put the presidiaries to the sword, and took three Ensigns and two Cornets, which he sent to the King by Ramboy Aide of the Camp to the Duke's army, as monumental tokens of his achievement.  
His Majesty received some content in the happy proceed of his Forces against the professed Enemies of that Crown, but more in the successful negotiation of Bautru a Counsellor of State, whom he had employed to feel the pulse of his late discontented Cousin, who as a subject ought him all dutiful obedience, and by the obligation of Consanguinity, being his nearest Kinsman of blood, was tied unto him by nature, but upon a causeless distaste, in a Malcontent was retired to Sedan, where Bautru being admitted to conference with him, discharged his office so effectually, that opening the King's good affection towards him, he dispersed 
The Count of Soyssons gives evidence of his loyalty to the King.  those clouds of doubts, which had hovered over his understanding, and made him entertain some jealous thoughts against his Majesty, and after he had got some evidence of his loyal heart, returned again to his Majesty, August 3 new style, with the welcome tidings of his sincere and unfeigned obedience.  
July 6/16, was a day to be recorded in the French Kalendars, and set down in golden letters. Guebriant the Field-marshal, being sent out that day by the Duke of Longuevill, against the Castle of Bournay, which was kept by a Spanish Captain, ten soldiers and 200 peasants, after 58 volleys of Canonshot, forced it to yield upon discretion, and trussed up three of the Soldiers, causing them so to suffer exemplarily, marched himself against the Castles of Pibly, Ruargues, & Presilly, which he surprised, and sent the lifeguard of the Duke of Rohan with 400 Musquetiers, to Beauregard and Binan, which they seized of, doing such service thereby to the King, that besides the ground which they had gotten in the French County, which gave them good footing there, there being no place of strength in their Enemy's 
Sundry Castles taken by Guebriant in the Brench County.  hand, from Saint Claude to Bleterans, save only S. Lawrance de la Roche, nor no place in the Frontier which might serve as a convenient Rendezvous for the Spanish Armies, which were then on forming, but Salines in the two only Castles of Elymorain, and Beauregard, a booty was found worth in estimation above 50000 Franks, which the Duke de Longueville, distributed amongst the soldiers; who thus encouraged with a general vote testified their forwardness to attend him in his future designs.  
The gaining of all these Forts brought not the French General to the period and end of his pains, but renovation of his labour, and prosecution of his Conquests. Towards Bleterans he tended, and to leave nothing behind him, which might be an Harbour to the Spanish, he first ●o●k in three small Castles, that of Chasteau-chalon, which submitted july 15/2●, and the other at Harlay, and Pica which came in july 17/27, and then made towards Saint Laurence la Roche, one of the strongest pieces, and of most importance in that territory.  
An adviso which happened into his hands whilst he was at Chasteau-chalon, made him leave the two last Forts, to the care of Montausier the Campmaster, and march away with all speed to besiege that City. july 1●/●●, A Letter was intercepted, which was to be carried by a 
S. Laurence la Roche, the town surprised by the French.  peasant from the Garrison of the town and Castle of Saint Laurence to the Governor of Bleteran, the purport whereof was, that they desired him to remit them their own Governor, because the French Army drew towards them, and they were threatened with a speedle siege. The Duke from hence collected, that if he could surround them before the return of their Commander, he might easily carry the place, the strength of a Garrison, not consisting so much upon the numbers of ordinary men and common Fortifications, as the sage direction of an expert Leader, who armed with authority, can both awe the men, and manage the action, To lose no time, the same day he sent away a party of 400 chosen men, drawn out of all the Regiments, under the command of Verstot the Campmaster, who reaching thither the same Evening, sent away two of the Sergeants belonging to the Regiment of Normandy, and twenty 
Burned by the Spaniards which fly into the Castle.  Soldiers to view it. The Officers did their parts carefully, found it assaultable, and so reported it; the Campmaster applies himself to their relation, plants his scaling ladders, and at point of day, july 14/24, took it by scalado, yet the Sergeants bought it with the loss of their own lives, and one of the soldiers. The town was taken, and exposed to pillage, but the inhabitants and Garrison retiring into the Castle, by casting fire-balls upon their houses, milked the assailants hopes in their expected pillage, but doing them withal one pleasure in their preservation from the pestilence, which then raged so furiously in the City, that there was scarce one house free. The Campmaster sent with speed to the General to inform him, of what had been done, who the same day he received his intelligence July 15/25, marched thither with the Viscount d' Arpajoux, viewed the place, notwithstanding three Falcons shot discharged against him, planted the Regiment of Normandy under 
Where they are besieged & forced to yield.  the town wall, from whence they made their daily approaches to the Castle being supported, and relieved by the other Regiments of the army successively. Sixteen days siege the Castle held out, and then wanting water, and afflicted with postilence, yielded upon this condition, that the soldiers 48 in number, the remainder which had escaped the Sword and Pestilence, should departed with one Captain, and one Sergeant, and their wives, the Drum beating, and without baggage, and so be conveyed to Bleterans. It was granted them, they were dismissed with a Convoy of 100 Musquetiers, and 50 horse to Bleterant, the inhabitants being made prisoners of war.  
An unexperienced Navigator to avoid Scylla falls into Charybdis, one extremity drives unadvised souls into a worse, like the fish, which to avoid the frying pan, leaps into the fire: the true Hierogly physic of these poor souls, which by leaving Saint Laurence de la Roche, thought themselves secured in the choice of Bleterans, whither they had a safe convoy, safe as for the way, not as for a sure shelter, that being the next place of note, and strength which the Duke meant to engirt with his Forces.  
Critical prognostics of the issue preceded the Fate of that City, the French omitted to do nothing, which might be for their advantage, and the inhabitants admitted all things which conduced to their own prejudice, 
Bleteran in danger of a siege.  the hearts of the inhabitants failed them, the best and wealthiest Citizens took up a resolution to save their persons, and best goods in Dole, and yet changed their counsel presently, fearing what they had just cause to suspect, to be surprised by the way, though they were to be conducted by a Convoy. The Count of Guebriant Field-marshal to the Duke of Rohan, had notice of their first intention, by Letters intercepted from a peasant, who was entrusted with that portage to Dole, & leaving the Campeat Chilly, August 1/11, went to waylay them. An ambuscado he prepared upon the way, expecting 
The Burgesses prepare to sly.  each minute the wagons which were to carry their wealth, listened after the Bells, and the Carters whistels, sent out his Scouts to descry them, yet neither could the eyes of his Spies, nor his own diligent harkening bring him any assurance of his hope: They neither did, nor intended to stir at that time; perplexed, knotty doubts had staggered their resolve, something they meant to do, to that purpose, but neither knew, nor could conclude 
Guebriant way lays them, and they not coming abroad,  of the How or the When to do it securely. Guebriant would no longer attend the Citizens, but by a devise thought to inveigle the Garrison, and draw the military men into the trap which he had laid for the Burgesses; his party consisted of 200 light horse, and 100 Dragoons, ten of his Cavaliers he sent abroad to surprise the Peasants, which by night were employed 
Addresseth a stratagem to surprise the Garrison. That failing he takes in josseau a Castle,  to bring home the crop of the Earth: thinking by this means to make the soldier's issue out for their succour, and so to entangle them: the French horsemen did their part, surprised thirty peasants when they had loaden their horses with corn, and by bright day light, deeming that the presidiaries would come abroad to relieve and release the Captives, marched with these prisoners hard by the Counterscarpe. All this would not do, the Garrison sent some Canonshot after them, but would not pursue them. The Count thus frustrated of his expectation, rose from his ambush, and marched directly to the Castle of jousseau, which he reached by noon, being but three leagues from Bleteran, and though it was a place of good strength, rounded with a Moat four perches broad, eight foot deep of water, flanked with four good towers, and fortified by a countermure, had it surrendered unto him at his first appearing, upon discretion. Where Valour and Counsel leads, Fortune attends, and crownes the design with a prosperous issue.  
Jousseau, by the change of the Lord, had some alteration of its Laws, a French Garrison was presently put into it, which must stand in opposition, to the towns with which the Castle lately had commerce and correspondence, and that done, the Field-marshal went to Loges another Fort within half a league of the 
And the Fort de Loges,  former, which he summoned, took in, and then prepared for his speedy return to the Army. But one raw morsel, the failing of his first project at Bleterans, was not yet digested, he still concluded that he had done nothing worthy himself in that expedition, if he did no 
Addresseth a new stratagem for the Garrison of Bleterans,  more; & to allure the presidiaries in Bleterans out of the town, he marched in their open sight with his army towards the Camp, leaving five or six Dragoons behind him, with instructions that when it might be imagined that the main body of his Forces were marched a two hours' journey, they should arise from the place where they lay hid, drive away all the cattle which were grazing near the City, and if the Garrison did pursue them, they should with a secure, but not overhasty pace, go on to such a place, where he would lay some Carabins to save them, and surprise the pursuing Enemy. The actions of his men, and the Event answered his directions. The Dragoons turned Drovers, and the Garrison seeing the cattle which were their maintenance driven away, by that maniple of men, sent out 40 horse and 50 Musquetiers to recover them▪ the Dragoons at the first drove on fair and gently, till they saw the bait had taken, and then mending their pace, 
And surprised a part of the presidiaries.  but observing such a distance as might keep them out of the reach of the Enemy's Muskets, and give the purfuers hope to overtake them▪ led them on to their Fate, the wood where Vilette lurked with his Carabins, which suddenly and roundly fell upon them, and at the first charge, cut them all in pieces (but 15 who begged quarter, and obtained it, and five Cavallieres, whose Steeds stood them in more stead than their swords, and by their speed saved their Riders, and themselves in Bleterans.  
This achievement, satisfied him for the present, he was well provided to give an account to the General of his doings, and now returned to the Camp then at Ruffey, where, before his coming in, the Duke of 
Bleterans besieged,  Longueville being reinforced with 12 fresh Companies of the Regiment de Castelmoron, had concluded to besiege Bleterans, and had sent Vandy the Campmaster, and Marsin a new Colonel, raised to that honour by the death of the Liegois Bl●queroy, which died of the plague at Chalon, with 60 Musquetiers, and 200 men at arms, to burn down the Mil● upon the River, 
and described.  which they did accordingly.  
The town is situated in the County of Burgundy, in figure square, consisting of 600 Families, with one fair street, which extends itself from the East end to the West, and many lesser streets, and lanes abutting upon it. A foursquare Castle, guarded with a double ditch, four great towers at the four corners, and four others upon the firm land betwixt the two Moats, stands like a Bulwark at one Angle of the City, which being strong by nature, built in the middle of a Moorasse, whither the Cannon could not have been drawn, had not the drought paved the ground, must now entertain these new guests which came to visit it; it stood alone for the Spaniard, the neighbouring Forts and places of 
The Castle of Fontenay surrendered.  strength, had submitted to the Christian King, Fontenay honoured still by the birth of S. Bernhard, which held out last, being taken in by Guebriant, after three Cannons shot against it.  
Some days were spent in entrenching the Army, raising of batteries, making of Gabeonnadoes and approaches, Aug. 16/26, was the first day when the platform of the siege was drawn, and Aug. 21/●1, the Duke having spent 600 Canonshot in the four preceding days against the walls, and made a breach of 25 paces in length first summoned the City, and the Garrison at first demanding three day's respite to acquaint the Lieutenant General of Burgundy, with the particulars of their estate, and upon the General's denial of 
The town of Bleterans taken.  their request, telling him plainly that they were able to guard the breach, and would not yield, he concluded to assault it, and did so the same day, and carried it by force, maugre the resistance of 300 Alman Soldiers, which lay therein, in whom the inhabitants put a strange confidence, for their valour showed at Sauerne, and in the fury put 200 men of the inhabitants, whom he found in arms to the sword, but preserved the lives and honours of 300 women which implored his grace, enclosing them in a Sanctuary, till the violence of the raging tempest was over.  
The Castle served as a place of retreat to the Garrison, and held out till Sept. 2. new style, when the Defendants 
The besieged sly to the Castle, where they capitulate and surrender.  desired to capitulate, sent out an hostage to that effect, the Master of their Ordnance, received another from the Camp, Mico Lieutenant of the Regiment of Anguien, and after much scruple, and many difficulties obtained these conditions.  

I. THat the Soldiers should have liberty to departed with their arms, baggage, one Dum beating, bullet in mouth, and lighted matches.  
II. That they might carry with them two field-pieces, such as should be assigned them by the Duke of Longueville.  
III. That they should be furnished with wagons to transport their baggage, sick, and wounded men.  
iv That they should have a Convoy, with security to Dole.   
Lastly, that the inhabitants, which had retired into the Castle, should freely go whither they pleased, and as many as would stay in the town, should take an oath of allegiance to the Christian King. All which were accepted, and the Garrison having stayed two days to pack up their trinkets, marched out Sept. 5, new style, 300 in all the most Almans, which took service under the French, and the other Comtois, who according to the treaty, were conducted to Dole, by 150 French Cavaliers.   

The Actions and Occurrences in Piedmont, Montferrat, Milanese, and generally throughout Italy.  
THe departure of the Duke de Rohan, from the Valtolive, not only promoted the Spanish designs among the Grisons, and Valtelivers, the Grisons challenging 
Troubles amongst the Grisons after Rohans' departure.  a jurisdiction over the Valteliners, which they deny, and the marquis of Leganez, Governor of Milan, fishing in those troubled waters, interposing as a stickler in that controversy, which is not yet agreed of, but strengthened the Marquis' hands against the Duke of Savoy, in the Principality of Piedmont and Montferrat, his united forces of 20000 foot, and 5000 horse (because there was no Enemy to flank him) being brought down against the Duke, before the French succours under the command of Crequy, could be brought in to his assistance. The Duke's Army which should make head against the Spanish host, was but a small one, 5000 foot and 1500 horse, yet so well disposed and ordered, that with this small number he guarded his Dominions, from that universal devastation which threatened them 
Leganez Governor of Milan goeth into the field.  though with loss of some places, till the French came in to relieve him. Leganez appearing in field at Novarra, june 6 new style, Grequy not reaching the Duke till june 14/●4, eighteen days after, when he arrived opportunely at cassal, the Spanish marquis, before the French came in, having threatened to besiege it.  
At Novarra the marquis divided his Army into three parts, one was to stay with him here, the second was sent into the Lomeline; and the third under Gildas towards Nisse de la Paille, which was the first place 
The Spanish Army is divided into three parts.  he aimed at; the victory there being prepared for him before his coming, by the treachery of the inhabitants, who by private intelligences, had invited him to come before it, and promised to surrender it, in despite of the Governor and the Garrison. A traitor in a State is like a Serpent in the bosom, fatal if fostered, and unremoved. The Duke of Savoy knew not the secret practice betwixt those Rebels and his Enemies, but regarded them as subjects, and was careful for their preservation. Upon the first bruit of Gildas his coming down, he dispatched thither wards, two companies of light horse, one consisting of 80, and the other of 40 Cavaliers, who came into the town, May 31, June 10 before day, and receiving intelligence, that the Spaniards were then at Ancisa a place fast by, sent out some Vant-curriers to discover their number and posture, who returning with an answer, that the Army consisted of 4000 foot, 1200 horse, and some Dragoons, these Cavallieres resolved to visit them, and skirmished 
Gildas sent towards Nisse le pigly.  with them all that day, being secured from much damage by the Canons of the town, which played advantageously upon the Camp, and at night were received into the City by the Governor, who disposed them into their several places to defend the City. The night nursing mother of those deeds of darkness, first caused the evil affection of the Citizens towards the Duke their lawful Prince to be suspected, when Gildas assaulting an halfmoon near the Cloister of the Capuchins, carried it by the slackness of the defendants, who inclining to his party, did as good as surrender it, without opposing him, and suffered his Cavallary and Dragoons to pass the River of Borbo, and range themselves in Battalia upon Saint Francis his Hill, and the day ensuing plainly discovered it. The presidiaries did their best, both for their own defence and offence of the assailants: They skirmished all day, near the Piedmont Port, with the Spanish Camp, to give the inhabitants opportunity to go abroad to get forage for the horses, of which they were almost destitute. Out they went, but did little to help their friends at home, and much for the advantage of those new ones abroad, Gildas were certified by some of them, of the estate of the town more particularly, and sent a Scout of summons to yield before that Leganez came down directed to the Governor, and the Lord Saint Paul then residing 
Summoneth the City.  there by a trumpet, accompanied with two Capuchins, and the Curate of Saint John de Nisse, (who feigned himself to have been a prisoner to the Spaniard) to which the Governor returned no other answer, but that he thanked Gildas, and would prepare to entertain Leganez in a military bravery, with this answer the Drum, and the two Capuchins returned, but the Curate stayed behind, to add more suell to that fire of mutiny, which was kindled in the City, and to pass intelligence of each circumstance to the Spanish▪ Army. The basest of creatures are most prolisicous, and the unperfect animals produce more young ones in number, and in a fare shorter time, than the perfect; the seditious 
Which by the treachery and seditious practice of the inhabitants,  Curate had prepared aspeech, a short one scarce of three lines, to divide the hearts of people from their Prince, and it wrought so effectually, that the Drum had scarce delivered his answer to Gildas, and he prepared to assault the Curtain of Saint Francis, when the rebellion of the people (which like fire, if it fall upon flax, or such combustible matter, doth soon raise itself to a flame) at first ashamed to show its head, fed with the oily words of a traitorous Priest, began to be both insolent and impudent, they abandoned the stations, to which they were designed, threatened the Savoyards Officers to deliver them into the hands of the Spaniard, unless they would presently capitulate, 40 of them marching up to the Governor, with menaces to murder him, unless he did treat instantly. The Commander seeing how he was pressed betwixt two extremes, apparent danger of life, if he should refuse, ignominy if he should assent, though to spin out the time 
Was surrendered,  a little, till he could pacify this commotion, sent out a Drum, as if he meant to Article, and in lieu of him received a Sergeant from the Camp, so obtaining a cessation of arms, which he spent with all remonstrances he could think of, to pacify the people, and divert them 
In despite of the Governor and garrison.  from that shameful revolt, when not prevailing with the enraged multitude, he was forced to come to covenants, and june 4/●4, the Garrison of 300 men (able to have maintained the place against the enemy without, if there had not been a worse within) departed from the City, and left it to the command of the Catholic King.  
Breme was the next place, designed by the Spanish marquis to be conquered by his forces, and a design only it was, which never came to execution, it being a place of strength well garrisoned, and provided for by the Duke of Savoy, Emery the French Ambassador, and Prastin who laid in an experienced, courageous soldier Montgaillard to defend it, and that being known to the Spanish General, he loath to spend his time and forces there, which might be employed elsewhere more expeditiously left it, and with his Army first besieged Aglian or Aillan, a Castle near Asti, situate upon an Hill, where Renato Roero, which commanded there, received him courageously, hanging up a black flag, in testimony that he meant to hold it, as long as he was 
Agliano besieged by the Spaniard.  able, his deeds answering the outward sign whereby he expressed his resolution.  
Several times he assaulted it, and was as oft repelled, with more loss in conclusion, than glory by the prosecution: the way he went, proclaimed the Spaniard to be a man of undaunted courage, fit for the managing of such an enterprise, three volleys of the shafts of fate, winged with rage, and pointed with death, could not divert him from following his enterprise, nor the fourth 
The Commander endureth diverse assaults,  more dreadful than any of the former appall him; twenty wagons were laden with men, wounded in this last attempt; the Hospitals of Alexandria and Miss were filled with Creples, dismembered, impotent men: some Commanders of note were slain outright, the Colonel Lion a German, the Sergeant Major Crevelli, three Captains, 15 Lieutenants, and Alfieres, besides a man of more special rank, known to be such by his habit, not his name, and yet all this misfortune could not shake, much less shatter his grounded resolution: The 
Slaughters upon the assailants.  marquis was not in the siege personally, and yet was present there powerfully, his quarter was then at Castighliote, betwixt Nave and Castignone, places late appertaining to the Savoyard, but now si●sed by the Spanish Army, being but open Dorps, Towers unfortified, and there informed of the former ill success, concluded of another way to compass his design. The Castle was by his direction undermined in two several places, and that near the Astisan Port was sprung, June ●●/●●, more fortunately for the besieged, than the aslaylants, these being covered and smothered with the earth, which fell upon them, those having an halfmoon which defended the Castle near it, better fortified by a new mount of earth, raised by the playing of that mine, than it had been formerly.  
Yet all this only deferred, prevented not the fate of the Citadel. A new assault was concluded, and undertaken the next day, which though for that time was 
Agliano taken by the Spaniards.  beaten off, with a notable loss to the assailants, so abated both the spirits, and number of the defendants, that within two days having then endured a siege of thirteen days, (begun with resolution to master the Fort, and continued without cessation of hostile opposition) were compelled to condition for their lives, and the Commander and Officers being dimitted with their swords by their sides, and the soldiers with white staves, the Spanish marquis intending to demolish the Castle which he had purchased with the loss of 3000 of his men, slain and disbanded, that it might no more steed the Savoyard his adversary.  
Gold may be bought too dear: so was Agliamo, the marquis after this prize, aimed at an higher pitch of Glory, but could not reach it, the wings of his Army by which he was to mount being clipped by the valiancy of the Savoyards, & the Duke hanging like a plummet at his heels, to pull him downwards when he was rising. Albe was menaced with a siege, but that was strongly garrisoned with 3000 soldiers, and the Duke encamped himself with his small Army, near the bridge 
The Duke of Savoy, and the marquis of Legavez encamp near each other.  upon the Taner, to hinder the Spanish General from raising a bank against it: which caused the marquis about the end of june to retreat towards his own Province, the Millanez, passing the River under the shelter of his Fort de Nom, and to encamp in a small field betwixt Ancona and Asti, near the Taner, labouring uncessantly about his Trenches, to earth himself within so small a distance of his Highness, whose little Army lay fortified in the womb of its common mother, the Ground, that the Sentinels could parley together, as they did frequently.  
Strength is not the only thing that makes a soldier victorious: He that carried a spear like a Weavers beam, was vanquished by a stripling: presumption of the power of his brawny arms, was the bane of that superlatively strong Crotoniate, and the marquis his confidence in the number, and force of his Cavallary, exposed his horsemen both to danger and damage. The Spanish horse it first were enquartered without his Trenches, the Duke perceived how open they lay assaulted them, and forced them to seek a more secure station. But what assurance 
The Marquis his horses quartered without his trenches are exposed to damage.  of safety is there amongst the many turns, and doubtful changes of war? The ditches and mud-walled stables whither they retreated, might shelter them from the Savoyards sword, but not from famine. Grass did not grow in the new opened bowels of the earth, but upon the surface, the beasts must abroad to fetch in their forage, or perish, and their Riders to provide for them, made many incursions into Montferrat, whence they still came short home, the Duke's Carabins which he had planted there to guard that Province, cutting off the men, which adventured to get food for the Cattles.  
Hitherto the balls were but tossed, which afterwards came to be banded. The vigilant Spaniard lay close at his defensive ward, & would not offer to make a blow till he thought he might do it certainly, and strike home: His Highness (as it behoved him) was no less cautelous than his Enemy: Both lay upon their advantages, though with some difference of their ends, the Spaniard aiming to win ground from his Highness, the Duke who all this while laboured only to secure his Dominion from that foreign invasion.  
The marquis perceived that the Duke grew daily more and more strong, and thereupon imagined, th●● all his Forces were generally drawn into the Astesan, that the other part of the Country was unfurnished of men, and therefore selecting 4000 Foot, and 500 Horse, out of the main body of his army, sent them with three 
The Prince of Modena sent into Langues,  pieces of Cannon, under the command of the Prince Borsio of Modena to Langues, who razed Montbaldo●, and Reccaveran whence the inhabitants were fled, and burned all the Villages as fare as Courtenville, which was designed for the fire too, but bought its safety with a sum of money. The Prince finding such a naked Country so fare, thought to find all the rest unproulded both of men and munition, sent back his Cannon, which he would not stay to lug after him, to make 
Plundereth the territory.  the more speed, and in haste came before Salietto, which the inhabitants had forsaken, but was then (the day before the Princes coming) garrisoned with 150 Dragoons, by the provident care of his Highness, who also commanded the whole Regiment of Senantes, which till then was laid in Albe, to march thither also, and to be assistant to that small Garrison against the Enemy. The process of all this was made known to the Prince Bórsio, who now missing the Canon, of which he had disburdened his Army, and being once repulsed, when he intended to have surprised the place by scalado, marched thence immediately against the Castle Santa julia, which being defended but by 50 men, and 
Taketh in the Fort Santa julia.  undermined in two several places by the Prince his pioneers, in the night was surrendered the next day, before that Senantes, who was ordered by the Duke to keep an eye upon the Prince his designs, could appear to his Friends with his auxiliary Forces. The Commission given to the Savoyard Colonel was to attend upon the Spaniard, and to impeach him, as much as might be, with the security of his Regiment, which was then only of 500 men, but not to adventure the hazard of a battle, in regard of the disparity betwixt his, and the Spanish forces. The Colonel observed the directions to which he was limited, and concealing himself from the Spanish Camp, which lay about Santa julia, lodged himself upon the top of a Mountain till 
Where he encampeth and is raised by Senantes, a Colonel to the D. of Savoy.  midnight, when rising suddenly, he fell upon one of the Spanish quarters unexpectedly, slew above 200 men upon the place, took one Captain and some Officers, and soldiers, prisoners of war, and brought such a confused amazement upon the whole Spanish Camp, that the Prince Borsio discamped presently, and retired in some disorder, by the way of Cairo, being pursued three English miles by Senantes, who then returning met with another Savoyard Colonel Cerruto, who by order from his Highness, joined his troops to those under Senantes, to stop the progress of the Spaniard, if he should hap to appear again in the parts thereabout.  
Leganez in the interim, mployed himself to build a Fort Royal at Rocca, point-blank against that at Anon, 
A Fort Royal built by Leganez at Rocca.  wherein he used such diligence, that besides the great number of pioneers and Masons, which he had mustered out of the State of Milan, to that purpose, he ordered two Companies of each Regiment to help the ordinary labourers in the speedy raising of that fortified building. He performed it happily, and was thereby secured against both the French and Savoyards forces, then ready to join if he had not been necessitated through want of forage and victuals. The penury of his men, pinched them more, than the hostile actions of his adversary. Many would fain have run away from their colours, if the ways had been open for their slight, the 
Leganez discampeth.  Duke of Savoy perceived it, and observing the old rule, that it is wisdom to lay a bridge of gold for a flying Enemy, opened the passages to Montferrat, which before were blocked up, relieved the Fugitives which fled from the Spanish Camp, both with meat and money, and by this means did more scathe to Leganez, than he could have done by all mights the marquis seeing his Army abated every day, and himself vexed in his trenches, by the frequent assaults made by his Highness discamping and retiring under the safeguard of his Forts towards the territory of Alexandria, relinquishing Piedmont and Montferrat, when he had fortified Agliano, and Nisse de la Paille, lately gotten from the Savoyard.  
By this the French succours were come in, and one part of them under the Count de Verrue, was employed to assist Cerruto & Senantes, against the Prince of Modena, 
The French Army joins with the D. of Savoy, who sends a part thereof against the Prince of Modena.  who with fire & sword made havoc in Langues and the other part under the French General, the Duke de Crequy, was transmitted to his Highness, to attend upon the designs of the Spanish marquis. Verrue performed his charge so well, that he chased Borsio out of Langues, became master of the Town and Castle of Carchere, (a place of much importance, being the passage from Piemout to Genoa, and Rome, by which the French Curriers could not formerly pass without much peril) having first surprised the greatest part of that Garrison in the open field, put the one half to the sword, the remainder flying to the Mountains for their preservation, and afterwards besieged Cairo, a place of strength in Langues.  
The service done by the Count and his assistants, Castelan, 
Cairo besieged by Verrue.  Cerruto and Sevantes, was no less offensive to the Spaniard, then grateful to the Christian King, and the Duke his Confederate, Leganez to divert Verrue from prosecuting the siege of Cayre, brought his forces out of the territory of Alexandria, over the Po● into the 
Legenez to divert him, invades Vercellois.  Vercellois, and burned certain Villages there, thinking to compel the Duke of Savoy to recall Verrue to assist him with the French troops, and so make him leave off the siege which he had happily begun, and was like to finish fortunately.  
But the project took not, Verrue took in the place & stirred not till he had done it. His Highness was maturely advised of the Marquis' march and purpose, and would not revoke the order he had given the Count de 
But his project takes not.  Verrue, thinking himself strong enough (being now reinforced with the rest of the French troops) to meet the enemy in Campania, but presently sent the marquis of Pianessa, to muster up all the Cavallary near Vercelle, and to enquarter them in such a place, where he might most conveniently entangle the Spanish forces, and stay them in their full career: himself in the mean time visiting the territories of Verrue, Cressentin, and Trin, and lodging that night near the bridge at Stir; His stay there ministered an occasion of a combat betwixt his and the French united forces▪ and the Spanish army, under Don Martino de Arragon, Tiberio of Naples, Lucio Boccapiana, Don Giovanni Cavalla the Spanish Campmaster, the Count Bolognino Lieutenant General of the Infantry, Don Fedro Commissary General of the Cavallary, Spaden and other Officers. It was thus! At Stir his Highness was informed, that these Spanish Cavaliers with one part of the Army, had order to ravage the Lands of the Prince of Masseran, upon whom they meant to avenge themselves, because that he the year last passed had driven them out of Crev●oeur which they had unjustly detained from him, and afterwards to make an invasion into the Ri●lois; where they meant to plunder the Country, as they had done the Astesan, and the D●rsellois, and to prevent them; he dispatched the marquis Villa, General of his Horse and Field-marshal of the Christian Kings Army to go and join some companies of Horse with those under the marquis of Pianessa about Verselle, and take an opportunity to fight with the 
A battle betwixt the marquis Ville, & the Spanish forces near Cesia.  Enemy. The marquis followed his direction, and par●ing from the Camp then at Morani, july 21, August 1, with his troops making about 1300 Horse, attained to Verselli about 11 of the clock, where he understood, that one part of the Enemy was already passed over the River of Cesia, having carried away out of the Versellois a booty of cattles, and taken prisoner the Captain Esprit, Lieutenant of the Carabins, of Don Carlo, as he was scouring that Country with 20 of his men, five whereof they slew, and caused the rest to fly. The report startled the marquis, who seeing some other Spanish troops upon the further bank of the River, made over the stream toward them with his Cavallary, and so affrighted them, that they presently fled, & sheltered themselves behind the Fort of Doval, whither the marquis would not follow them, the Cannons being planted against his Army, and the Musquetiers being ready to discharge upon him from the Fort, but returned toward the River, where he was scarce arrived, but he perceived (within an hour) some troops of Spanish Horse, making in all about 1500, marching toward 
Begun by a light skirmish.  him with a pretty hand-gallop, as prepared to fight with him who stood ready to entertain them. The combat began in a light skirmish betwixt the conjoined French and Piemontain Dragoons and Carrabins, and those of the Enemy, but lasted not long, being broken off, by the coming in of a new Squadron of French Horse, which charged this Avantguard of the Spanish Army so furiously, that they were presently routed, and put to flight. The Spanish Battalia stood whole still, whither the Avantguard fled, and were rallied to renew 
Comes to a pitched battle, which a while continued doubtful,  ● fresh combat, which lasted doubtful on both sides, till the Squadron of Sovuray breaking in amongst the midst of the Spaniards broke their ranks, and defeated them entirely, having slain betwixt three and four hundred upon the place, and taken as many prisoners, the most of them Officers, and men of quality. Amongst the dead were found Lucio Boccapiana, Campmaster, one marquis of Davie, the Lieutenant of the Colonel Sehic; the Provost Martial of the Germane Forces; two Lieutenants, three Cornets, and many other Officers which are unknown. Don Martino of Arragon escaped hardly, his horse being slain under him, and he beaten to the ground: Don Antonio Nephew to the Count of Montery Viceroy of Naples, Spadin and many other 
Yet in the end the French get the victory.  Officers and men of quality being taken prisoners.  
During the time of this combat, the Count Verrue took in the City of Cairo, and went from thence to beslege Larocca near Asti: lately fortified by Leganez, in the time of his abode there. The marquis had then a time of sorrows which thronged together upon him. A Currier came from Spain with unwelcome news of his wife's death, sister to the marquis Spinola, and another with a report of a new Successor into his Government, yet neither of these did so much trouble him as the success and hopeful progress of the united French and Piemontain Armies; the first he knew to be a debt to Nature, and it did not trouble him, the other he thought might be false and raised by the malice of some of his enemies in Court, or, if true, yet he would take care to discharge his Office conscionably, and comfort himself in the true account, he should make to the Catholic King. Lafoy Rocca was besieged, and he encouraged 
La Rocca besieged by the French and Piemontains.  the defendants to hold out manfully, promising to relieve them as soon as he might conveniently. The defendants behaved themselves manfully, being animated by the daily intelligence they received from their associates, by the favour of a Hill upon the bank of Taner, and the French General to debar them of that conference, commanded the Colonel Dallot to possess himself of that place: it was a work of difficulty and danger, the Musquetadoes played upon him from within, and the appointed succours withstood his way without, yet he performed it with as much happiness as valour.  
It was a work full of hazard, yet his industry joined with Fortune overcame it, with much difficulty he entrenched himself near the pallisadoes of the besieged, four days together endured the sallies of the Garrison, and the assaults of the Spanish Camp, both which having 
A notable exploit done by Dallot a French Colonel.  the benefit of a Mill, where the Enemy had flancouted himself, and a wooden bridge laid over the River for their mutual correspondence. Dallot resolved to burn them both, & to that end putting off his clothes himself, his brother, and two other soldiers good swimmers cast themselves into the River in the view of the Enemy, who played upon them with their Muskets, but hit them not, Fortune so favouring them, that they broke down the doors of the Mill with the pickaxes which they carried in their belts, and burned both that and the bridge with the balls of fire which they had in their hands, and left not the water until they saw them both consumed into ashes. The marquis of Leganez (conjecturing at the issue of this adventure) 
Leganiz sendeth Don Martino to relieve la Rocca.  began to fear that la Rocca could not hold out, and thereupon discamping, returned into the State of Milan, where he drew out seven Regiments of foot, and 2000 Horse from his Army, and sent them under the conduct of the marquis Don Martin, d' Arragon to relieve it. His Highness had notice of his march, and followed him. His speedy pursuit after him brought him upon the Vanguard of Don Martin, consisting of 200 Dragoons and Carrabines, whom he assaulted so roughly, that he slew and wounded most part of them, and put the rest to flight. The issue made the Spanish Don to give over his design, till Leganez with the main body of his Army might come in to his succour. The marquis had speedy intelligence of what had passed, and as speedily came up to him, encamped upon the bank of Taner, with four pieces of Canon to impeach the French and Piemountain Armies, who had pitched their Camp upon the declining of the Hill near the river. 
The Spanish Vanguard surprised. Legonez bringeth his whole Army against the French and Piemontains.  In fine, the Canons began to play on both sides, & thence (the Battalia's drawing nearer each other) the small shot began to fly, and was spent so effectually, that for a time both sides appeared losers, and neither could promise itself a victory. Both Commanders and ordinary men fell down dead in both the Armies, till the Spanish a little declining the battle, if either party was the gainer, it is thought to be the Savoyards Army. Many of the Spanish Chieftains fell that day, among 
A battle without vi ctory.  which was a younger brother of the Prince Borsio de Modenn, the certain number of the common men is not known, only 600 dead corpses were reported by the prisoners to be tumbled into the River, and thirty wagons loaden with the carcases of the principal men which were slain, and some wounded soldiers were known to be sent to Alexandria. Nor could the French and Piemontain army glory of this conquest, it cost them dear, the lives of many of their Officers and Soldiers, nor did the loss of the Spaniard do him so much prejudice, but that by the help of his Canon at Annona, and some companies of Musquetiers (whom he afterwards sent to guard the River) he laid in 600 
The siege of la Rocca raised.  fresh men into la Rocca, who defended themselves so bravely, that at last the siege was raised, and the Duke of Savoy was forced to departed without a Conquest.  
A victory soon after attended him, the French Fleet somewhat affrighted all the Sea-townes of Italy, and the Governor of Millam to secure the Catholic King's towns upon the Sea-coast of Montferrat, September the second new style, drew out of his army 7000 footmen, Almayus, Spaniards, and Italians, six Squadrons of horse, and some companies of Harquebuzen horsemen, who under the command of the Prince of Modena, Don Martin d' Arragon, and Gildas with Cannon, 
The victory gotten by the D. of Savoy at Monbaldon.  Petards, Bombards, and Morterers had order to pass through Languez towards the Sea-coast, and, by the way to selze upon the Castle of Cengio, a place which his Highness of Savoy had lately fortified. The Duke was informed of the Enemy his design, and to overtake him September the fourth new style, advanced as fare as Salycotte, within a league and half of Cengio, where understanding, that the Spaniards (upon the report of his arrival, and because they found Cengio newly reen forced with a garrison of 200 men) were returning the way they came, he made after them, overtook them near Mombaldon and the Valley of Espin upon the bank of Bor●io gave them battle, September the eighth new style, and obtained such a victory, that of those 7000 Foot, and 1200 Horse, not above 2000 escaped, the rest being slain, or dispersed upon the Mountains, where the Peasants of the Country pursued them with all hostil●●y, and slew as many as they found. Besides the loss of men 40 wagons loadeh with baggage, and 30 with ammunition became a prey to the united Armies of France and Savoy, to the great weakening of Leganez his Army, who to reinforce it returned into the Millanez, and commanded each Family to supply him with a man.  
The news of this victory echoed through Savoy and France, the marquis of Saint German, Master of the Wardrobe to his Highness, was sent to the Christian King with tidings of that success, and was there entertained with such state as became his person & office, Thur in re-ecchoed with the praises of the Duke, to whose vigisancy they ascribed this Fortune, and the inhabitants had made bonfires of joy, had not this Foreign happiness been overclouded with some sorrow at home. The Duchess and her second son the Prince Emanuel were both sick; and their maladies made the Citizens to sympathise of their grief. The Duke was informed of the state of his Duchess, and posted from the Camp to visit her, where after two days stay finding her recovered, he returned into the Astesan to the Duke of Crequy, the Lord of Emry Ambassador to his Majesty of France, and the other Commanders, to advise about the further proceed of his Army. A Council was called, near the River Cesia, and the Duke (though known to be sage in Counsel, both for war and peace) then seemed to outstrip himself, when suddenly a Colic passion took him, which first changing 
The death of the Duke of Savoy.  into a single Tertian, and afterwards into a double, accompanied with some malignity, held him 11 days, till nature being overcome by the disease, there followed a separation of soul and body in the one and fiftieth year of his age: A Prince he was doubtless of a great spirit, wise in policy, valiant and painful in war, and in demonstrance of his affection to the Crown of France, and his Duchess a sister thereof, made her protectress of his Children, and Regent of the State.  
The Christian King (as ill news hath swift wings) had speedier notice of the death of his brother in Law, than he had of the late victory, and to show that his love was permanent after his death (according to the custom of 
The King of France causeth the Master of the Ceremonies  the Roman Church) gave order for a solemn Requiem, and a Dirge to be held in the Cathedral at Paris with all solemnity. To this purpose, Le Sieur de Saint tot, Master of the Ceremonies had order to command the Parliament and other Sovereign Courts, the Provost of the Merchants and Sheriffs, the Rector and Scholars of the University of Paris to suffragate at the Prayers and Service which his Majesty had appointed in the Cathedral of that City, giving him a Commission to that purpose, dated at Saint Germans, October 14/24. The Master of the Ceremonies, according to his warrant the 16/●6, of the same month, in the Robes of his Office, 
To proclaim an Office for his soul.  with a square Cap upon his head clothed in a mourning Gown, with a train of four else long, carried by four Gentlemen, accompanied with three Heralds of Arms, bearing in their hands their staves of Office, which were garnished with slowre de Luce's, then covered with Cypresle, invested also in long black Robes, upon which they had their ordinary Coats of Velvet embroidered with slowre de Luce's, and attended with 23 ordinary Criers of Paris, in mourning Gowns, each carrying before and behind him an Escutchion of the Duke's Arms, they made this Proclamation.  
All Nobles and devout persons pray for the soul of the most excellent and most puissant Prince, Victor Amady by the grace of God Duke of Savoy, Chablais, Augusta, and Geneva, Prince and perpetual Vicar of the sacred Roman Empire, marquis of Saleucesse, Nizzes, 
The Proclamation containing the Duke's titles, etc.  Romaut and Asti, Banes, and Favoigni's, Lord of Versellei, of the Marquisate of Seva, and Doviola late deceased, for whose soul the King hath appointed Prayers and Service in the great Church of Paris, at which place, on Wednesday next in the afternoon, shall be said the Vespers and Vigils for the dead, to continue until ten of the clock upon Thursday morning.  
Wednesday the ●●/●8, the Courts and incorporated bodies assembled in the said Church, the train band of the City having work enough to make way for them through the press of people, which was so great that the Church doors were forced to be kept shut for the space of an hour, that time being spent to setch in the King's order for those Vespers and Vigils, which were said by the Dean, Chanter, and Canons in a doleful tune agreeable to that mournful action without sound of Music in the Choir of the said Cathedral. The Choir was hung round with five several rows of 
The manner of the service with all Ceremonies.  black cloth, and two of Velvet, besides the benches, seats, chairs, and pews, which were covered as the high Altar, and the ground spread with black cloth. The body of the Church was so great, that thousands of men there would have seemed but a small number, yet that 
The first days service.  was hung round with two rows of black cloth, and one of Velvet to the great door of the Church which was hanged double, as was that also which led to the Archbishop's Palace by a pair of winding stairs which were covered with black, as were the two Halls of the Palace both prepared for the receipt of that company.  
This was the first days work, the next morning between eight and nine, the same assembly met to attend the three young Princes of Nemours, the chief Mourners, who expected them in the Palace Hall, robed in black 
The office for the second day  Gowns with long trains each of six else apiece born up by the Gentlemen. The Master of the Ceremonies thence conducted them into the Choir, having three Heralds going before him attended with their King at Arms, before whom marched the 23 Criers in the same habit as they had done the day before, and among them 100 poor men in mourning Gowns and Hoods, each carrying a lighted torch garnished with his deceased Highness his Arms, and before all these the train band of the City, having work enough to keep off the multitude, whose curiosity had drawn them thither in such troops, that they pestered the way, and hindered the Mourners, who were to attend the Service and the Choir whither they came at last, and there abode four hours together. In a Gallery above them, were placed the Officers of the Chamber of Accounts, the Court of Aids, and the Corporation of the City. Opposite to them on the other side, stood the prime Precedent the Duke of Montbason, the Counselors of the Court, and the Rector of the University attended with eight Beadles with their silver Maces covered with Cypress, which filled the lower end of the Quire. The Queen was seated where she might see all and not be seen. Madamosella and the princess of Condy for their better conveniency were placed in the Archbishops' seat, he being then absent. The Pope's Ordinary Nuncio was seated on a bench at the side of the Altar, and the Venetian Ambassador by him, the Ambassador of Savoy being not able to attend by reason of the indisposition of his body, many Bishops in their ordinary habits being seated on a bench at the great door of the Choir, and the rest of the space filled with people of all conditions and sexes.  
The Office was performed by Routhiller, coadjutor to the Archbishop of Tours, who with the la Barde a 
With all the particular Ceremonies.  Canon of the Cathedral, which assisted him in black Velvet Copes, garnished with the Arms of the deceased Duke, celebrated Mass before the great Altar of the Choir, which was adorned with many white wax tapers burning and garnished with double Escutcheons of Or and Argent. At the side of the said Altar, a Cupboard was erected in form of another Altar, garnished with four great Candlesticks, one Cross, and the sacred Vessels required for that service, all of silver engraven. The Archbishop officiating. Le Sieur des Roches, Secretary to the Cardinal Duke, Chanter and Canon of the said Church, and his Sub-chanter held a Choir by the side of the burning Chapel, which was of 1 a foot long and 10 wide, composed of nine pillars charged with double crosse-bars, upon which were set 800 great Lights of yellow wax.  
Under the middle of the roof was an Hearse representing the body of the Duke, covered with cloth of gold, quartered by a Cross of white Satin, adorned with four great Scutcheons bearing the Arms of the deceased Duke, in a broydery of Or and Argent, and about it stood six great Candlesticks of silver gilt, garnished with great white wax lights, and double Scutcheons of the same bearing. The four Heralds of Arms were seated upon four low-stools, at the four corners of the Capella Ardente, towards the head of the representative Hearse, betwixt the two chief Heralds stood an holy-water-pot of silver covered with black, and near that were laid two cushions of black Velvet. At the feet of the Hearse towards the Altar betwixt the two last Heralds, there was an other lesser Altar, and upon that four Candlesticks, and a Cross of carved silver. Upon the head of the Hearse, there stood a pillow of black Velvet, upon which was placed a Duke's Crown, covered with black Cypress. The four Sesses, which made the tower of the Capella Ardente, were covered with cloth, and black Velvet, garnished with four great Scutcheons of the same bearing, woven with Or and Argent, the rest being powdered with many other lesser Arms. Besides the other lights, the place designed for the Choristers was hanged, with three rows of cloth, and two of black Velvet; all which were garnished with great lights, and double Scutcheons. About the Arches and Galleries of the body of the Church and Choir, 1200 great lights were blazing: So that in all, during the Service, which was performed with an excellent harmony of Music, by the Chanters, Chaplains, and Choristers, no less than 3000 wax Tapers were seen burning. In the time of the Liturgy, the three young Princes of Nemours, made their offering, and presented each one, a white wax Candle: the first offered one garnished with four Scutcheons of Or, the second of three, and the third of two, which were given them by the Master of the Ceremonies, for the same purpose. Then the Sieur of Liugendres, placed in the Chanters seat, made an Oration sit for the time, in honour of the Prince's honour, containing a relation of his acts in his life and pious death.  
The Funeral Oration done, the service was continued: after the elevation of the holy Sacrament, four torches of white wax, were carried by four Mourners clothed in black without Hoods, & in the end the three young Lords, thanking the company, with an accustomed reverence, their devotions being done upon their knees, when they had cast some holy-water upon the Hearse, as did all the rest of quality, depart each man to his own place.  
The Duke is dead, 
At non ille ferox qui se jactavit Iberus,  
Nec scelerata manus Catilinae—  he neither fell immaturely by the hand of the Titans, the men of war his Enemies, nor by clandestine treasons of a jaques Clement, or Ravilliack, the bloody practices of murderous Assassinates, but submitted to Fate, sickness the Harbinger of death, prepared his way, and he traced it: two of his subjects Capuchins, of that order which in his life, he most respected, attended upon him in his death, the thread of their lives being cut off by the violence, and malice of some impious Jews, for professing the Name of Christ, the Divine Power having so ordered it, that he would not want a clear witness against that obstinate people, in the duskiness of the Romish Christian Religion. The story is thus delivered from Lions, Chambery, and Roven.  
There was dwelling at Carrieu in Piedmont a jew named Macohabe, aged above 60 years, and so wealthy, that he maintained a Family of 12 Males, and nine Females, and in these late wars betwixt the Duke of of Savoy and the State of Milan, had furnished his Highness with above 12000 Ducats. He had a Nephew called jacob Rabbi, who had some commence with the Christians, which desiring his conversion, 
Two Copuchins murdered by a jew at Carriew.  with much entreaty persuaded him to hear a Sermon made by a Capuchin in Lent last at Carriew. The Argument of the Sermon was that jesus the Saviour of the world was already come into the world in humane flesh, born of an immaculate Virgin by the operation of the Holy Ghost, and that there was no other Prophet to be longer expected in Israel; which being proved and explained by the Prophetical Scriptures, caused the young Jew to search more narrowly into that mystery, which had so long been concealed from him, and (being aftewards confirmed in the truth by private conference) to renounce his judaisme, and to desire Baptism for his initiation into Christianity. Maccabe his Uncle hearing of his conversion, swelled with despite and rage against the Capuchins, vowing to be avenged of that order, and as many Christian souls, as he could meet withal conveniently. The forenamed Friars fell into his hands, and were made the Anvils of his malicious mischief. By command from their superior, they were sent upon a journey, and belated upon the way, met casually with the old Wolvish jew, who forecasting how to glut himself with their blood, cunningly invites them to take a lodging at his house, promiseth a fair and kind welcome, which they being wearied, and benighted did not refuse, but they were no sooner entered into the house of the  Jew, but strait the doors were made fast, and they were environed with the whole Family, which entertained them with words of despite, calling them Apostates, saying, that the Messiah of the jews would come, and put the Christians to confusion, and adding horrid blasphemies against our Saviour, bound the poor souls, hands, and feet, beat them with cudgels, threatening torment upon torment, unless they would confess the blessed Virgin to have been a common prostitute. It could not but grate the ears of any Christian, to hear those execrable words, the Capuchins would not have heard them spoken, much less utter them, but comforting each other by mutual encouragements, they prepared to receive their Martyrdom still maintaining the fundamental point, and hang of salvation, till the jews grown mad with rage at their constant resolution first cut out their tongues, and then stabbed them to death with knives in many parts of the body successively (Michaey first, and Seraphino afterwards, and then carried them in their habits into a dark Vault, thinking to conceal this horrid murder.  
But the blood of the Friars cried to Heaven, and that justice, which will not permit such heinous sins to go 
The murder discovered.  unpunished, made it known by the tongue of a jewish child, of eight or nine years of age, which playing with the Christian children in the street the next morning, told how Macabe had assassinated two Franciscans, & hide their carcases. The words of the child, caused this truth to be suspected amongst the inhabitants, who seeing the Friars go into the jews house, and not hearing of their return, came together, forced open his gates, searched for their bodies, and found them as the child had told, and thereupon apprehended the whole Family, the child only excepted, and the Actors by sentence 
The jews condemned and executed.  of the Senate at Turin were all burned alive, Octob. 2. 12, their goods consiscate, the one part to the use of the Duchess Regent, and the other to the child which revealed the murder, and turned Christian, and received Baptism.  
The Fabric of the State of Italy did seem to totter this last Summer, the great Bishop was twice struck 
The Pope's sickness and recovery.  with a palsy, and the Cardinal Barberino his Nephew, by his appointment governed as a Vice-pope during his weakness, to the grievance of the whole Conclave, The Cardinal of Savoy Comprotector of Spain, and de Medicis, supposing his sickness mortal, laboured to promote the Cardinal Sansisto to the Papacy, but urban recovered, was informed of each particular, which had happened, assembled the Conclave created eleven new Cardinals, and yet liveth, Sansisto which was designed for his successor being dead before him. The Family of the Dukes de Mirandola, is quite extinguished, their was but one lest of that name, and he an illegitimate, who having obtained by the intercession of his 
The death of the Dukes of Mirandula and Mantua.  Friends, the investiture of that Duchy, is dead since without issue. The Duke of Mantua hath yielded to Fate.   

CHAP. IU. The Actions and Occurrences in the Netherlands.  
War, if once begun, spreadeth like a Canker. A Prince, engaged in arms, hath commonly a troubled State, and restless head, his Enemy waits all opportunities, and unless providence guide him, he can find security no where. The Cardinal Infant stood like a common bounder between two Enemies: the French upon the South and East of the Provinces under his care, made an invasion upon him: the United States upon the North did the like, and now to fortify himself, first, he caused the City of Hulst to double their Palisadoes, and renew their Fortifications, and then the Garrisons of Mechlen, Lyre, Breda, and the other places in Flanders, and Brabant, where his old soldiers were wintered, he drew out such Forces and Ammunition, as was thought fit to withstand them. The beginning of june, the Prince's Rendezvouz was appointed, 80 Boats were 
The State's proparation for war.  sent from Bergenapzohm to Ramekens, the Engineers were sent to Nimminghem, the Frizelanders met at Emerick, the Cardinal Infant fortifying in the interim Stivensworth, Gennep, and other places, and sending the Avantguard of his Horse from Antwerp towards Flanders.  
His Highness the Prince of Orange kept his design secret, some thought it had been for Brugez, others for Hulst, but none imagined, nor could tell certainly whither they tended. About the end of june, his Forces met together, were shipped at Gorcum, and though the wind blew hard, and caused some tempest, arrived july the seventh new style at the Keel. Free Camp was then published about the Rhine, all Excizes taken off, the Army then assembling together to attend his Highness' 
Breda besieged  pleasure. Some time he stayed upon the Vlack before Ramekens, and till the 19 of july, no man had any particular knowledge of his meaning: than it was first discovered to Prince Henry Cassimere of Nassaw, who with the Vanguard of his Army, led on towards Breda.  
The name of the Town is dignified with the honour of a Baronry, is situate in the Country of Kempen, which is on part of the Province of Brabant, between 
The description of the Town.  Lyre, Antwerp, Bergenapzohm, Tourn-hoult, Hogstraten, Stievenbergen, and Gertrudenberg: seven leagues from each of the two first places, five from the third, four from the fourth, three from the fifth, and two from the last, and hath under it seventeen Villages, besides the Towns of Stiven-berg, Rosendendall, and Osterhoult. It was the ordinary residence of the Princes of the house of Nassaw, to whom it fell in the year 1404, by the inter-marriage of Englebert, a Prince of that Family, with jane the Inheritrix of that Territory. 
It's condition under several Princes.  The Princes of that Race held it peaceably, till the year 1567., at which time William of Nassaw was constrained by the Duke of Alva to leave it, till the year 1577; at which time he was newly possessed of it, and kept it four years, till that june 15/25, 1585., when driven out by violence, he again left it to the Spaniards, who kept it till the fourth of March 1590., at which time Captain Heranger surprised it by a Turf-boat which covered some force of men underneath: Grobendonk in the year 1599, laboured to surprise it, but failed, yet the marquis Spinola took it by Famine in the year 1625, july the fifth new style, after a siege of ten months & 22 days, since which time the Spaniards have kept it with a strong Garrison, which troubling the whole adjoining Territory, and hindering all trade by the neighbouring Rivers, the Prince of Orange now resolved to besiege it. This was the motive which impelled him to this Enterprise, for prosecution whereof, he used this method.  
The Prince Henry Cassimere of Nassaw was sent before with the Vanguard of his Army, consisting of 44 Cornets of horse, and 80 Companies of Foot to begird it round, which he did july 13/●●, driving away all the cattles that fed in the meadows near it, his Highness in person the next day, coming before the Town with 
The Avantguard under Prince Henry Cassimire blocks it up.  the body of his Army consisting of 40 Cornets of horse more, and 230 Companies of Foot, and above 100 pieces of canon, having before given order for 8 ships men of war to guard the Channel from Gertrudenberg to Stievenbergen, that he might have a sure passage to victual his Army by that River, he began with prayers, and caused supplication to be made through all the Provinces of the United States for an happy happy issue of that design. Their devotions once over, he fell to work, drew out the lines of his trenches, following the marquis Spinola his plot-form, employed 8000 Boors in the work, and appointed their quarters to the Colonels, 
The works begun.  taking his own at Ginniken, assigning the Count William of Nassaw to the Village of the Hague, Colonel Morgan to lie upon the way towards Autwerpe, betwixt his own quarter and the Count Williams, Count Henry Cassimere Governor of Vriesland, being enquartered at the Heyde, and the Duke of Bovillon at Tetringen and Heusenheut.  
The Spanish Cardinal by this had notice of what the Prince intended, and loath to lose so fair a Gem as Breda, with an Army of 14000 Foot, and 6000 Horse, many pieces of Ordnance, and good store of Ammunition, marched from Antwerp, and came to Hogstraten, 
The Cardinal Infant seeks to relieve it.  thinking to impeach the Prince, and raise his siege before he was well set down: but to adventure to a battle, had been to have put all to the Fortune of one day, he would not do it desperately, though he had concluded to assault him courageously, therefore he sent before him a Vant Currier john de Nassaw an experienced soldier with ninety Companies of Horse to view the posture of the Prince's Army, and to acquaint him with the particulars. He found the Prince neither supinely sleeping, nor in a lose positure, as if there had been no cause of fear expecting him: He knew the Cardinal to 
john de Nassaw sent to descry, the Prince's posture.  he a man trained up from his youth in military Feats, & stood in a firm Battalia to attend him. The Cardinal would not hazard all at once, but upon a good ground and informed of the Prince's strength and vigilancy, made no attempt upon the Camp, but retired toward the Hemerish-werth, and the Prince-land, leaving the issue of the siege to the care of the presidiary soldiers. The garrison enclosed within their walls, and the 
And finding the P. upon his guard, the C. departeth.  Prince's Army, shown their courage by many sallies, to get their liberty: but his Highness his power ordered by his care, so fare availed him, that still he repelled them with loss, and in the end, entrenched himself so strongly, cutting the Merk-dike to environ his trenches, that he neither feared the invasion of the Spanish camp without, nor the fallies of the garrison from within.  
Count Henry, Governor of Vriesland, by too much confidence was endangered, while the pioneers 
Henry Cassimire near to be surprised.  were labouring in the works. He went abroad to view the fortifications of the City, and at an old ruined house, where he feared no peril, was in hazard of his life or liberty: some of the garrison were lurking in the Cellar, and leaping out suddenly, took hold of his bridle, and had surprised him suddenly, had not his horse trained up to bounds and curvets) regained his liberty by strength.  
It would be long to proceed to each particular. july 23. old style, the garrison made another sally, and for a time became masters of an half Moon, but were beaten out immediately, and on Thursday following, about 3. of the clock in the morning, 1400 men of them 
The garrison s●lly out upon the Campe.  assaulted again the same half Moon, seized on it, and held it for an hour, at which time they were repulsed, with the loss of sieve Captains, and many other officers and soldiers: the assiegeants themselves not repossessing the place, without the death of many men in Bredrods' quarter, with one Lieutenant, and 5 or 6 soldiers of Mauritius his company.  
The Camp made its excursions abroad, as well as the garrison made its sallies upon the Army. The Prince by his labour and providence, had taken such order, that they could not break forth so frequently out of their enclosure. He having already raised two batteries, 
The Prince's order to keep the Garrison in.  one near the Ginniken Water-mill, about 600 paces from the City, and the other in Count William's Quarter, kept by two corpse de guard, and secured by two Redouts to prevent their eruption. The way into the field was open for the garrison, and August the 6. new style, young Monsieur de Me, went abroad upon the Heath with 70 Cavaliers, and there encountered with 80 wagons loaden with Wine, Aqua vita, and Beer, designed for the Infanta's camp, surprised the Convoy, broke the vessels in pieces, and brought to the camp 70 justy horses, which were sold by sound of the drum the day following.  
The hearts of the Spanish soldiers in the Cardinal's Army by this, began to fail them. A whole troop of Burgundians ran away together, and among them one English man, who jointly affirmed, that if they were not kept in by the Spanish horse, more would follow them. Yet though his men began to decline him, the Cardinal Infant would not forsake himself; but seeing the improbability he had to relieve the City, projected how to advance the affairs of the Catholic 
Venloo taken by the Cardinal Infanta. A Bastard.  King elsewhere, and marched towards Venloo and Ruremond, end took in Venloo in the space of 5 days, (though it was garrisoned with 1100 able men) by the cowardice, treachery, and wantonness of the Governor. One of the family of Bredrode, who enticed (as is reported) by the seducing face of a false Nun, with whom it was thought he had too familiar an acquaintance, delivered up the keys to the Infanta, who rewarded him with the wages of his perfidiousness, a small sum of money, with the which he went to Collen, to be secured from a just vengeance of the States, which though they could not apprehend his person, and put him to an actual torture, executed him in effigy. Thence he advanced to Ruremond, which he 
Ruremond surrendered upon composition.  thought to have surprised as speedily, but the Governor there, in his loyalty to the State, maintained it as long as he was able, though in the end he was forced to yield upon composition.  
It had been vain to have stayed in that quarter longer, little hope was there to advance his conquest further, the States, warned by the loss of these two last places, had double garrisoned all the towns, and it was more probability, that by his stay, he might there consume himself and his Army, than enlarge his victories. Besides, he had other irons in the sire elsewhere. The French began to domineer in Henault and Artois, and had they found no opposition, they had invaded Flanders, the glory of those Provinces under the Spaniard; and to make head against them. He was forced to leave the Maze, and march to the frontiers of Picardy.  
The hope of the garrison in Breda, depended upon his succours, and though they could not be ignorant that he was gone, and had left them, they were not dejected, but used all their policy and might to weary out the Prince of Orange, and force him to rise, seeing they could not vanquish him. August 1●/2●. the besieged sallied out again, and fought so earnestly, that as if their liberty were above their lives; they gave not over combat till the horrid face of death appeared in the mangled bodies of some of their copartners, and of the assailants; then they retired, begged cessation of Arms for two hours, and obtained it for the burial of their dead; and that work of piety being done, the remainder of the few minutes was spent in friendly drink betwixt the garrison and the camp; the presidiaries carousing to them in their own liquor, and the camp answering them in the Beer of Dort and Rotterdam, with which it was furnished. The sands that measured out the time, were no sooner run, but both sides fell again to their acts of hostility, the Prince still proceeding to make his approaches nearer, although they were already brought within a stones cast of the walls. In time he perfected what he had in his mind forecast, though not without cost and expense both of blood and money. August 23. old style, he began to undermine the enemy's Horn-work, and that day our Noble Countryman, (whose valour not appearing in blossoms, but in fruits in his youth) the young Colonel Goring, who commanded in the approaches, and had adventured too far into the than not fully fortified Shrubgallery, received a faulcon-shot in his ankle, which to the eye of the Surgeons, appeared so dangerous, that they concluded, he could not escape unless his leg were cut off: the Noble Gentleman bore the hurt patiently, but not the conclusion of his Chyrurgeous, he resolved rather to lose his life, than his limb, till persuaded by the divine advice of his Chaplain, Doctor Calf, he began to assent to the course prescribed him. It was not without an argument of the divine providence, that he should thus demur upon the manner of his cure; while they were thus persuading him, and the Surgeons preparing to dismember him, an old expert Chirurgeon cometh in, undertaketh the cure, and performed it happily, it being now scarce a blemish to the eye, and discernible only by a little halting.  
Monsieur Charnasse, Ambassador for the Christian King to the States, and General of the French forces in that service, sped not that day so happily: He not above two days before, had received a shot upon his hatband, which slipped away and did him no harm, but this day was struck more unfortunately upon the forehead, so losing his life, to the great grief of the Prince of Orange, who had often used his counsel both in his public and private affairs.  
But the fate of the City now drew on, the Mines were ready, the galleries prepared, and the City brought to extremity, the Governor and garrison capitulated upon these conditions.  

the Articles follow, as they are delivered succinctly and plainly by the French.  
FIrst, the Governor of Breda, with all the officers of war, of what condition or quality soever without exception, even those also who have formerly left the service of the States, and now taken pay under the King of Spain, shall have liberty to departed from the town without any stop or impeachment, with Arms and baggage, the Drum beating, Ensigns displayed, bullet in mouth, and match in cock, in the rank and form they used to observe when they marched in battalia, with a safe conduct for their lives and goods to Malines.  
2. They shall have licence to carry with them four Pieces of Ordnance, & two Morterers, such as the Governor shall choose, with all their attirall, equipage, and shot and powder sufficient for three discharges of each of them.  
3. They shall be furnished with horse, wagons, and drivers, to carry that Artillery, those Morterers, the attirall, and ammunition to Malines.  
4. All the other ammunition of war, and provisions of victuals appertaining to the King of Spain, shall without stand be delivered to him whom his Highness the Prince of Orange shall appoint to receive it, except such victuals which shall be found sold bonafide, before the 6 of this month new style, when this treaty began, the sale whereof shall stand good, and no man shall be searched, nor enquired after for buying it.  
5 All the Officers and Soldiers, sick and wounded, lying at the Hospital, or elsewhere, shall be permitted to abide there, till they have recovered strength to departed, at which time there shall be given them a safe conduct, and accommodation to transport their Arms and baggage to the forenamed place Malines.  
6 The said Governor shall be furnished with such number of wagons and horse as shall be requisite, as well for the transportation of his own luggage and baggage, as of all the Officers and soldiers to Malines: under which names of luggage and baggage, are comprised all the Arms of the soldiers of the said town of Breda, even those that be absent, dead, sick, wounded or fled, nor shall those wagons be searched by any man upon any pretence.  
7 Such as will have their luggage and baggage carried to Malines by water, shall be freely provided of boats to conduct them through Holland, which shall be exempted and discharged of all imposts, taxes, and payments whatsoever, and for the safeguard of that luggage and baggage, there shall be a competent number of men to conduct them, and those boats shall not be searched nor arrested by the way upon any pretext whatsoever, nor shall they unload any parcel until they arrive at Malines.  
8 The Governor, Captains, Officers, military judges, and others, receiving pay of the King of Spain, both ecclesiastics and Laymen, as also the widows and children, which have in the said town of Breda, any houses or inheritances, whether they be upon the States of Brabant in that jurisdiction, or in the town, whether land or movable goods, shall have the space and term of two years of this treaty, to transport, sell, engage, or otherwise dispose of the said goods, and during the said term, shall enjoy the said Rents, Farms with the Houses, Fruits, and goods already gotten, or to be gotten in that space, be they of what nature or condition soever they may be.  
9 The Officers and soldiers of all conditions, may leave their wives and children in the town during the said term of two years, to dispose of their goods movable and , whether they be in the said town or elsewhere, without danger of seizure or confiscation.  
10. No Officer or other soldier, neither now, nor hereafter shall be arrested for the rents of the houses they have possessed, nor have their baggage searched to make payment of any debt, be they either such as shall departed presently with the Garrison, or such as being sick or wounded, cannot departed till they be recovered.  
11. All the soldiers, prisoners on both sides, of what rank soever shall be set at liberty without ransom, paying only for their victuals, according to the tax of the Quarter. The servants and other prisoners shall departed also paying the charges of their expenses.  
12 The booty that hath been gotten by those of the town, both before and during the siege, shall not be required of them back again.  
13 After the Articles of this composition are sealed, the Governor of Breda shall have time given him to send an express to the Cardinal Infant with a safe convoy to acquaint him with what hath passed, all which the Governor may do the same day this Treaty shall be signed.  
14. The conditions forenamed being confirmed, two days shall be granted to the Governor and his Soldiers to prepare for their departure, which time being expired, the said Governor, and the said Officers of the Garrison shall promise to departed (to wit) upon Saturday next being the tenth of October, new style, betimes in the morning.  
15. It is intended that till the two days be past, that no person of the town shall come into the Camp, nor any of the army shall enter into the town, but that every one shall contain himself, during this time, in their trenches and fortifications, without doing any act or hostility, for assurance whereof, there shall be hostages interchangeably given on both sides, this article being resolved of, to avoid all disorder which might happen other ways.  
16. Before that the Garrison departeth, there shall be given two sufficient hostages by the Prince of Orange, which shall march with the said Garrison, their arms and baggage to Malines, and in exchange of them two other hostages shall be given by the Governor, which shall abide with his Excellency, till the said hostages and wagons be returned, at which time his Excellency shall send the Spanish hostages with a safe conduct to Malines.  
17 The Officers, Captains, and others comprised in the first Article of this present treaty, having any arms, Barks, or Shallops, or other utensils of war, may either sell them or transport them, neither shall such as are transported, bought or sold be searched upon that occasion.  
18 There shall no restitution be made of Horses, arms, Merchant's ware, or other baggage held for lawful booty, and sold, nor shall any particular man be searched.   
Dated at the Camp before Breda, the seventh of October, new style, 1637.  
These Articles concerned the Garrison in particular, which came not to treat till our English Soldiers had taken by assault a Ravelin in the Mote, and the French an half Moon before the Gininkens Port: at which time, the mine being ready to play, and 5000 Soldiers of diverse Nations, but of one heart, in armour of proof, provided with Instruments for such an occasion expecting the issue prepared for the assault: at which time they first hung out a white flag upon their walls, as a token that they desired to capitulate, and afterwards send out two Captains to confer with the Prince of Orange about the heads of the treaty, he sending two others of the army into the City. The Spanish Captains, one by Nation a Burgundian, the other a Freeslander, dined with the Prince Octob. the sixth new style, and upon the overture of their conference, returned into the City, from whence about five in the Evening, eight men of note and authority among the people came to his excellency's Gampe, to conclude the forenamed Articles, (viz.) two men of authority among the Clergy; the chief judge, and the Precedent of the town, two Burgomasters, and the two Sheriffs. These personages of quality thus contracted for Gomar Fourdin the Spanish Governor, and the Garrison, which accepted the conclusion, and Oct. 10 new style, marched thence about 11 a clock, being in all about 1585. men Musquetiers, and Costlets, Almans, Burgundians, Spaniards, Walloons, and other Nations, armed with 48 Ensigues, and four or 500 servants employed about the baggage, having in the middle of their troops about 7 or 800 wagons, six pieces of Canon (the courtesy of the Prince of Orange, giving them two more than what they covenanted for, two Morterers, 12 tuns of powder with other ammunition, the Governor followed in his Caroche by reason of the indisposition of his body, with two Officers and some Cavallary, being come out of the town, mounted an horse, and went to salute the Prince of Orange, who expected him in a place where four ways met, accompanied with Charles Lodovick, the Prince Elector Palatine, Duke Robert the Elector's brother, the young Prince his own son, the Counts William and Henry Cassimere, and other Lords, and the Compliment ended, went on toward Malines, where this story must leave him.   

CHAP. V The Marine Occurrences.  
THe dry Land was not the only stage of action, 
— vidit in undis  
Et Thetys ignotas & Galathea feras.  The Military Fleets of diverse Kingdoms, some employed only to secure the coasts, others for transportation of Soldiers, others for invasion, and the shipping for trade, ploughing the face of the Main, made the Ocean seem to carry so many moving Islands, that part appearing like a woodland where the Navies lay wind-bound, or road at anchor, yet discovering itself again to be Sea, when the sails were hoist, and the vessels left that station.  
The Archipelago was furrowed by the Pirates of Bizerte, Algiers, and Tunis (Sally being then blocked up, by our worthy and vallant Countryman, Captain Ravisborow) which sought for pillage upon the Christians either by Sea, or upon the European shore: by the Galleys of Malta, which endeavoured to make prize of those Renegadoes, and the Navies of the Christian and Catholic Kings, each of them intending to preserve his own, and endamage the others territories.  
The Navy of Spain had changed its General (Don Melchior Borgia, being assigned in the room of the Duke of Ferrandina) but not the former design. The Dominions of the Christian King were the main scope of its hostility, and thitherwards 21 Galleys well armed and manned with above 3000 soldiers, rowed by the 
The Spanish design upon the Road of St Tropez and Rapheau failing.  way of Sardinia, and were discovered by the French in the Gulf of Saint Tropez upon the Coast of Provence, June, ●/1●. The project must needs have took had it not been prevented by much circumspection, Mont Guion, who commanded the French Garrison in the town and Citadel, under the Marshal de Vitry, at their first approaching prepared to hinder their landing, but their haste preventing his, and some of the Spanish Soldiers landed at B●rtr●t with a purpose to surround the Citadel, he sallied forthwith 120 Soldiers of the Garrison, and charged the Spanish Vanguard so courageously, that he beat them back to their Boats, and enforced them to seek for the safeguard of their lives in the Sea, whither their precipitious confused haste carried them. It was fortune that crowned his action. His small Forces consisting of Landmen, could not have maintained that Port-town against such an Armado: By good hap there was in the Harbour at the same time four vessels of the French Fleet, (viz) two Pinnaces named the Royal, and the Cardinal and two Frigates, which kept the mouth of the Harbour, and by their frequent Cannonadoes assisted by the Citadel, played upon the Spanish Fleet so successfully with 300 volleys of shot, that they forced the Enemy to retire out of the Gulf, and defeated him of his project.  
Yet the Seen only was altered, and not the Spaniards purpose, The Port of St. Rapheau did present Itself to the fancy of the invaders, who failing of their end at St. Tropez tugged thither intending to surprise it, before it could be well provided for defence. The Marshal de Vitry was the first, but not the only Discoverer of that enterprise, conceal it he could not, it being apparently known to all the inhabitants about Fr●iu●, (where he then resided) the Spanish Galleys rowing before the eyes of the people. The Count of Harcourt, General of the French Fleet, the same day that the Spanish Navy went from St. Tropez, departed from Treius, where he had been entertained at Supper, by the Marshal de Vitry the night before, and had not failed above one hour and an half, but that he kenned the Spanish Galleys, and observed with what eagerness the slaves employed their sinews, to bring them up to some of the Sea-townes, and presently made to land, mustered up the Forces of the Country, which coming in continually, beat off the Spanish Armado from the Port of S. Rapheau; when they had burnt one French Bark only, their intention being to have done the like to all the ships which lay at anchor in that road.  
From St. Rapheau, the Spanish Navy retired into the Bay, where being informed that ten ships of Holland 
Sp. Fleet surpriseth ten Holland ships bound for Genoa.  were bound for Genoa, with Corn and Spicery, & other Merchandise amounting to the value of three Millions of Crowns, the Flees way laid them, and in a calm after two days fight, having sunk the Dutch Admiral, took the other nine, two whereof they conducted to Final, and the other seven to Morguez, where they sold the goods as a vile and unproportionable value. The state of Genoa, to which these goods were consigned, laboured much for their restitution, and sent one Agent to the Spanish Admiral, and another to the Governor of Milan to require it, and that being denied, it caused some heartburning betwixt the Genoveses and the Spaniards in Italy, Den Melchior Borgia desiring liberty that his Fleet might come and refresh itself in some of the Harbours of that State, and the Magistrate absolutely refusing to grant it, upon pretence that they were infected by the Merchants lately taken from the Hollanders, and not only so by his own word protesting the resentment of that seeming injustice, but by the deeds of the peasants about Arasse, breaking out with violence upon the Spanish Mariners, when they came to water upon their Coast, slaying some, chase the rest, and taking from them 170 barrels of fresh water, of which the Navy stood in need, pretending that they found them robbing of their Olive-yards. It is no point of providence 
The Genoeses seek to have them restored, but prevail not.  to provoke a potent enemy. That politic State of Genoa, however displeased with the Spanish proceed, did not desist from promotion of their cause for one denial, nor yet break out into open enmity. Again they dispatched Signior Luca Spinola to the Spanish General, and the Signiors Chiavari and Somelivi to the Ambassador of Spain resident in that City, about the same negotiation, who again denying to make any restitution, and justifying their detention of the goods, because they were taken out of Holland Bottomes, and upon the French S●●●, both those States being enemies to the Catholic King, they dispatched another Advocate to the Viceroy of Naples to intermediate betwixt the State & the Spanish General, and he refusing to meddle out of his own Sphere, as last they sent an Ambassador to the Catholic King, whose answer is yet expected.  
Here was the period of the actions of the Spanish Navy in the Archipelago. A storm was risen in the new Western world, and had so shattered the frame of the Spanish 
The arrival of Count Maurice at Pharnambuck.  State there, that is required both men & money to repair it. To this purpose, Don Antonio de Ocquendo, was sent from Major●a, with one Galley to make choice of the best ships in the Neapolitan Fleet, and to transport them to Brasil against the Forces of the United Netherlander States there, whose fortunate progress had dilated and enlarged the State's Dominions there. His Excellency the Prince Maurice of Nassaw, to whom the States had given a pleny-potentiary Commission for the ordering of their affairs there, arrived at Pharnamboucg, january 1●/2●, where being entertained with the joyful acclamations of the Dutch plantations, after some days spent in giving & receiving of entertainment, the end of his voyage 
And his victory at Porto Calvo.  not being compliment but action, jan. 26. Febr 5. he sent before him the Admiral Lichthart to Serenhim, where his army lay on shipboard, himself following by land with one company of horse and certain firelocks. His design was against the Fort of Provocation, & Porto Calvo, where the Spanish General the Count de Baniola lay with an army of 4000 men his name was grown terrible to the Spanish army: the Gount would not abide his coming, but though fortified with four Redouts, having garrisoned the Fort with 600 men, fled by the way of Alegoa. News of his flight was brought to the Count of Nassaw, who instantly begirting the Fort with one part of his Forces, dispatched the Colonel Manifield to pursue the Spanish Count, who overtook his Rearward, and slew about 200 of his men, and then returned to the Campe. Count Maurice all this while was busied in making his approaches, raising of four batteries, and ordering of things required for the siege, which he followed so earnestly, that by the end of February new style, he forced the Garrison to capitulate for want of fresh water, their conditions being, that they should march away the third of March new style, with high and low weapons, one piece of Ordnance, and be transported to Hispaniola or Saint Dominga.  
The victory was of consequence, both in regard of the strength of the place, and the wealth therein contained; it was the strongest Fort the enemy had in that territory, ordained for their Magazine, yielded the Conqueror 22 Pieces of brass Ordnance, 5 iron Pieces, 4 Copper Morterers, 800 great Granades, 2000 hand-granadoes, 46395 pounds of powder, 6034 pounds of match, 9750 pounds of lead, opened the way to Todos los Santos, whither the Dutch General presently sent his Army, was taken with the loss of six common men, and two prime Officers, the Lord Carlo, base son to the late Prince Maurice of Orange, and Captain Dunkarcke a valiant soldier, who was slain with a great shot from the Fort in time of the siege: and this rich achievement, purchased so easily, could not but cause a general thanksgiving, and triumphs of joy among the Dutch plantations, which being celebrated upon March the 8 new style at Pharnam, boucg, where after Sermon, 4 Companies of Citizens, and one of Soldiers presenting themselves in their armours, victory was proclaimed by the roaring throats of althe Canons about the town; first of those in the Redout of Bruin, the next, of those in the Sconce of Bruin, the Land-Castle, and the Water-Castle, and the ships then in harbour, and lastly by those of the Stone-Redout, the Fort five-hook and the sconce Emilia, the Citizens and Soldiers concluding the triumph with their Musquetadoes, joying that by this means they enjoyed the 4 North Provinces of Brasil in peace, and had extended their dominions to the length of 400 English miles, the Portugals coming in voluntarily, and offering their fealty to the States of the united Provinces.  
The Galleys of Byserte made an invasion upon the Kingdom of Naples, and surprised there 4 great Frigates armed and loaden with corn, and other merchandizes appertaining to the Prince of Cariati, and enheartned with this spoil, pursued the Signior Giovanni Baptista Lasagna a Genuesse appointed Governor of Corsica, by the State of Genoa, as he was going to receive 
The Galleys of Byserte pillage the Sea towns in the Kingdom of Naples.  his dignity. Yet him they missed; he was near upon L●gorne when they first discovered him, and he perceiving again what they aimed at, made haste thither, and saved both his ship and person: the Galleys of Tuscany putting to sea presently, to surprise the bold Barbarians, whose number and strength exceeding the Florentines, the Pirates having a fleet of 16 Galleys, and the great Duke's subjects but of 6. the Tuscans were fain to retreat to the Port of Calvi for their own security.  
It was then a time of terror to all the towns of the Sea coast in the Kingdom of Naples and Calabria. The 
The Viceroy of Naples provides to secure them.  Viceroy was enforced to exact strange contributions for the maintenance of those places. The Nobility distasted his course, and would have sent to the King of Spain to have acquainted him with their oppressions; the Commons complained of the heavy burden▪ pretended their disability to bear it, their states being already much impoverished by the late wars, yet the wise Viceroy so behaved himself, that by his own private negotiations with the Nobility, and the publiks' exhortations of the Friars whom he sent abroad among the Commons to persuade them of the necessity of the act in regard of itself, the omission thereof exposing them to unavoidable miseries by foreign enemies, and the acceptable service which thereby they might do the Catholic King, and the glorious office they might do their Country, prevailed so far, that they willingly seemed to bring in what he had demanded rationally.  
The Galleys of Algiers and Tunis were abroad at the 
Ceriale pillaged by the Pirates of Algiers.  same time, had burnt and pillaged in the State of Genoa the town of Ceriale, near to Final; thence carried away 400 prisoners, and proceeding further, had sacked the Sea-coast of Sardinia, plundered the Churches, taken away the vessels of Plate and Ornaments, and returning home, were met withal by the Archbishop of Berdeaux, who knowing that these Barbarian Pirates had not taken those spoils out of the lands of the Christian, but his enemy's dominions would not fight against them, but, enquiring of the prizes, and finding the Church utensils in their hands, (religion and this pious observation of those consecrated vessels, overcoming his hostile disposition to the Catholic King) he redeemed those Ecclesiastical goods with his money, and sent them back to Sardinia, to be employed to their proper ends.  
Sicily was the next place which those Pirates threatened, and Melchior Borgia the Spanish General, to relieve it, ordered 15 Neupoliian Galleys, (which then lay at Legorne) to make to Sea presently after them, but they returned without doing any thing, the Pirates out-sayling them. Six Galleys of Malta being about the beginning of August, arrived at home from Trapani were counter manded by the great Master for Naples, to join there with their Spanish squadrons, against the Bysertains, and the other Pirates which began to dispeople and ruinated the Seacoasts of that part of Christendom. Nari the Prior was appointed for their General, who landing upon a Turkish shore, to take in fresh water, was endangered by an Ambuscado of Turks, which lay there, and slew some of his men, and wounded him with a Musquetado in the arm, yet he fortunately arrived at Naples, August the 6. new style, and went to visit the Viceroy then residing at Pa●sillp●, but the fleet was employed other ways; the Spanish Galleys shaken with storms, and the tempests which they had endured in the gulf de la Speti●. were appointed to transport Don Melchior Borgia into Spain, and the Maltisan Galleys were to convey the Regent of the Vicaria of Naples to Florence, whither he went in the quality of the extraordinary Ambassador to the Catholic King, to congratulate the great Duke for his late marriage with the Princess of Rovera, of the house of Urbin, which was solemnised at Florence, July the 5. new style, in the presence of Cardinal Capponi and the Dukes of Parma and Modena.  
The Kingdom of Naples in the interim, suffered 
The Bandits in the Kingdom of Naples executed.  much by the intestine commotions of its own subjects, Bandittes and other malcontents. Francisco Caraffa, Prince of Lupino, the Duke of Salzi of the house of Straboni, the Signiors Cesari and Ascanio of Bolognia, and some other Neapolitan Lords, heads of the commonalty of Nid● and Capna, had challenged the Cavilliers of other commonalties to single duels, and for this fact were condemned by the Collateral to have their heads struck off, yet because they consented willingly to the contributions which the Viceroy required, upon the intercession of the Regent Brancia, Duke of Belvidier, and the Noblesse of the Kingdom to the Viceroy, the sentence was not abrogated, but altered, they were only banished to several places. But the sentence and execution of the Banditti Luigi Taglialatela was exemplary and unchangeable: He was apprehended in his Fort with some of his companions, beheaded, and his scull was carried to Giuliano, the place where he was born, and there set upon an iron bar, in the place where his house once stood, that being razed to the ground, and sown with salt. Piety commands justice against such malefactors, and policy will have it exemplary. The ambitious heads of such stinking Poppies must be cut off, to pardon such Delinquents lives, is to give life to their insolences.  
Here we are becalmed, & though we see the sheare of Barbary somewhat more glorious, by the happy success of our little English Fleet which lay before Sally, cannot yet reach it. S. Hilary shall perfect that story, which crowneth our Nation, and makes it deservedly called Gentem Liberatricem. Dum sua restituit spoliato jura patrono,  
With a perfect narration of other Occurrences both by Sea and Land, whereof we have already obtained some breviates, & do daily expect more, which we purpose to continue & publish by the time promised, if God permit.   
Finis.