¶ The Benefit of the ancient baths of Buckstones, which cureth most grievous Sicknesses, never before published: Compiled by John jones physician. At the Kings meed nigh derby. Anno salutis 1572.  


¶ seen and allowed according to the order appointed.  
IENVARII. XVIII.    
¶ Imprinted at London by Tho. East, and Henry Myddleton: for William jones. And are to be sold at his long shop at the West door of Paules. Church.   

 combined blazon or coat of arms of George Talbot, sixth Earl of Shrewsbury, and Elizabeth Hardwick (Bess of Hardwick), flanked by a lion and a stag, and set with a crown   

TO THE RIGHT honourable, George, earl of Shrewesbury: Lord Talbot: Furniuall: Warden: and Strange, of Blackemyre: Knight of the most Noble order of the Gartyre, and one of the queens majesties most honourable privy council, and Iustice in Eyre, from Trent Northwardes. John jones WISHETH ALL HEALTH, long life, increase of honour, and Graces eternal.  
AFTER that the Philosopher( right Noble earl) had considered the most wonderful works of God, and nature, so orderly placed within the Sphere or round world, Macrocosimus, with all things above the elements, and Quintessence, the high heauens, as the inferior constellations: Influences: and Begynners of corruptible substances: the Elements themselves: all things, in the fire, air, water, and Earth: be it beside of the highest immortal, and perpetual, or of the inferiors: mortal and corruptible, doing, being, growing, scenting, and reasonable, as Microcosums, man, for other uses so necessary, the heavenly bodies, conspired to one absolute empire, with all things under them, produced, to most effectual purposes, causing him to say, God, and nature, did nothing in vain.  
The which heavenly saying, daily we finde most true, albeit, many of those great and hidden benefits: preordinate by providence divine: were unknown many yeares, to many nations. Insomuch, as husbandry an arte most comune: and now of least cunning: was long unknown: men living on the fruits of the earth, without any manurance, as beasts: for until dionysius his time, it was unknown amongst the Egipcians,& until Charles the fith monarch, amongst the Indians: as Diodorus, Polydorus and martin Curtesse affirmeth: and in Greece and Asia, until Triptolemus: In italy, until Saturnus: as Macrobius sheweth. So was, wyne, oil, honey, Ale, beer, Bread, Cheese, and infinite other things, after orderly appointed, to our uses as doth appear And, Bacchus was the first, that of barley made Ale, for the Egipcyans: because as then they had no Grapes: the which we Britaines use still, and they of germany, and flanders, beer. The Iewes found oil, as justinus writeth, and Gorgonius the king, hony: Aristeus the making of cheese: Arachue Flax, and knitting, as Plinius approveth: Minerua, spinning: Nicias, fulling: Pallas clothing: Vso, apparel saith Eusebius, Building of houses is ascribed first to lobal, if we believe Polidore: walls and towers, saith Aristotle the Cyclopians edified: Carpentry, Dedalus invented: sailing, Neptunus: gold Cadmus found out, first in Thrace, and Emanuel the last king of Portugall, sent to seek it first in India: silver, Erictonius: Iron, Idedactili: led, Mydachuitus: brass, Aristotle saith, Lydius: fire, Vulcanus: physic, Apollo: amplified by AEsculapius: perfected by Hippocrates: expounded by Galen. baths and hot houses, Nero, Agrippa, Vespasianus, Titus, and other Emperours, Kings, Philosophers and physicians, as testifieth Iulius Capitolinus.  
So that by these and ten thousand others, we may gather, that Gods good gifts haue not all at one time been revealed, nor at one instant to al nations availed, but some by one, in one time, some by another in another time, and all as it pleased his infinite bounty, to aid and benefit his creatures with: as by king Bladud the Britten were first erected the baths of Bath: So now we may say by your honour, the baths of Buckstone to be beneficially edified, worthy every where to be notified.  
Of the which, by Gods help, and your honours protection, somewhat shal be shewed hitherto unknown, that the benefit thereof, may the better be perceived.  
The which work, howsoever it be, I beseech your nobleness to accept, as that which of most right, to you of duty belongeth. And, forasmuch as your care hath ben therein, to the benefit of all: It is right that of all, you should be highly magnified, for your virtuous exploit, accomplishing of so noble a benefit, and that in this our age, when as the most sort, are given to seek worldly gain, rather then the public profit( the more pity it is to speak it) and that such, as to themselves, and theirs, only, might belong. But your virtuous industry, is,& hath ben, for the benefit, of the universal people of God: as a thing, descending from your parents: and of you enherited. Therfore, to you mighty earl I dedicate, these my labours, and plain Treatise, entytuled Buckstones benefit, because, by you is accomplished, and notified, every where, that which was in a maner hidden, and unknown, to all a far of, and unto the most near hand. If, I should here show, how greatly they are to bee extolled: that take such pain, and be at such cost: for the wele public: I might rather make a new volume: then fynish this. As it may easily appear, by that which is already expressed. Wherfore, I will stay my pen, for that, I confess myself far unable: to set out the condign praises: that either too your honour belong, for the true love assured loyalty, and great trust: unto your pvissance committed: or the worthy benefits: that the baths, or wels, of Buckston do yield.  
Notwithstanding, great Alexander, retained with him in great favour: one that wrote his history: albeit, it was not most elegantly penned( as Quintus Curtius affirmeth) because, it might encourage, some of more eloquence, to take in hand, the like enterprise: for, otherwise what had availed the famed of his conquest? when that age had expired, if none had taken in hand: for the posterities to haue remembered: whose example herein I haue followed.  
For that, so great a benefit, as is Buckstons baths, within the edifices under a bushel should not be overwhelmed: not, with out the order herein expressed how to use them: frequented. until some other of more learning will better handle hit. craving nothing else for my pains but that it may of your Lordship bee well excepted praying for the long preservation and increase of your honour, in all health, wealth, and felicity. Amen.  
Your Lordships ever at commandment, John jones.   

Carmina.¶ Christophori Carlili ad Lectorem.  
DIceres phoebum genuisse Ionsum  
Rupe parnasi: peperisse Cirrhae.  
Aut in extremis heliconis antris Palladis aluum  
naiads novit, dryads fauebant  
Tartary nimphae, liquidae napeae  
Ac mettallarum stygiae camenae Castalidesque.  
Feruidos fontes, calidasque thermas  
Et poros terrae resecat, docet nos  
Cur tot aegrotis medeantur vndae sulfure plenae.  
Hunc librum legant medici baldenses  
Westphali: Rhem scatebras colentes  
Vnde naturas laticum tepentes Discere possint.   

Thomas Lupton to the Reader.  
THough foreign soil in worthy gifts doth heinously abound,  
yet England may be bold to boast, wherein the like are found.  
How many use to baths abroad far hence with cost to range, whereby they may their loathsome lims to healthful members change  
But such( unless they more desire for will then health to rome)  
they may haue help with charges less and sooner, here at home,  
At Buckstones baths whose virtues here, is learnedly displayed.  
Therfore disdain not this to red that hath the same bewrayd.  
FINIS.   

CATALOGVS AVTHORVM in hoc opere citatorum, Alphabetico ordine congestus.  

Aristoteles.  
Auicennas.  
Auerhois.  
Auenzoar.  
Antylus.  
Athanaeus.  
Amatus Lusitanus.  
Arnoldus de Vill.  
Aetius.  
Aesculapius  
Benedictus Victor.  
Baptista Montan.  
Cornelius Celsus.  
Conciliator.  
Dioscorides.  
Diodorus Siculus  
Damascenus  
Eusebius.  
Fernelius Ambianus  
gentiles  
Galenus.  
Gordonius.  
Georgius Agricola.  
Gabriel Fallopius.  
Halyabbas.  
Hippocrates.  
Hieronimus mount.  
Hieronimus Carda.  
Ioanicius.  
justinus.  
Iulius Capitolinus.  
joannes Almenar.  
joannes de monte regio.  
Iacobus silvius.  
joannes Bachanellus  
joannes a Sanc. Amando.  
Leonhartus Fuchsius  
Marcrobius.  
Munsterus  
Martinus Curtesius.  
Leonellus Fauentinus.  
Mesue.  
Manardus.  
Mathaeus Graduens.  
Mathiolus.  
Nicolaus Massa.  
Nicolaus Myrep.  
Nicolaus praepositus  
Nicolaus Alexand.  
Oribasius.  
Plato.  
Plinius.  
Paulus Aegineta.  
Ptolomaeus  
Polidorus Virgilius.  
Quintus Curtius  
Ruellius.  
Tagaltius.  
Tralianus.  
Theion.  
Valescus de Tarant.  
Valerius Cordus.  
Vldericus Hutton.    

¶ To the Christian READER.  
EVen as in one household or family( gentle Reader) the children, begotten between one Father and one Mother: do differ one from another, as well, in proportion of body, as in wit, disposition; and manners: even so, men of one faculty, in sundry things, be of sundry inuencions, judgements, and disposicions: as well divines, lawyers, Philosophers, as physicians, no maruail therfore, if others. So hard it is for any man, be it never so friendly intended: never so studiously laboured: never so profitable, for, the wele public: to set forth any thing, for al mens liking, that even most of the wisest sort( as many men think) set forth nothing by printing: because, many now a daies are given, to the searching out rather,( if they can) to blot him, with the lest matter( if there bee no greater) and let the common profit, then too seek the thing that may all men benefit, either the same to commend, or thereto too add any credite.  
These, and such like causes, haue letted many( as I deme) from the attempting of this( howsoever it be) which I haue accomplished, of Buckstons benefit: adventuring rather for my part, to be stung of the Drones, then to leave the good hony unsought and to be barked at, with such unkind curs, then to leave the Master of the house helpless: trusting that the wise, grave, Learned, Curteouse,& loving sort, will accept the endeavour of him, who as much as in him lieth( for the time) doth seek, how he may best profit the universal people of God, and in special, his own countrymen that bee vexed with such grievous sicknesses, as they despair of remedy, by any other means.  
Galen, when he came first to Rome, sent for by Marcus Aurel. Willing his lieutenant, that he should honourably furnish him with men, money, horse,& municion as very nobly he did: for that he was desirous greatly of his consayle. Commodus his son being very sick of a fever, the which at the first sight, he presaged( for that the Crisis so prognosticated, a knowledge by him thoroughly laboured, as he that was most expert in physic) that he should haue his fit no more: whereat, the physicians of the Emperours high council, marveled,& when they saw the effect, greatly disdained( for such knowledge they had not studied) where they should haue lovingly embraced him, and highly haue commended him, for Tagaltius saieth, the manners that to physicians belonged, are that they be of gentle entertainment, curteouse,& friendly toward such as be of their own profession, in greek termed Philateiras. But what did he? leave his well doing for all their envying? no truly. So much was he given the universal world to profit, more earnestly proceeded forward in all good doctrine, as by his works made there, both against Erasistratus, concerning letting of blood: and against Thessalus Tralianus, about the healing of ulcers, may appear: proving& reprouinge, by most weighty arguments,& best authorities, al that he did not weighing the disdain of a few, so that he might profit all, as no doubt he hath al the world. Let Paracelsus(& all other vain practisers do what they can) with his fire work, of three beginnings, of salt, Brimstone, and quicksilver, blowing the coals unto ashes, and stilling till they haue no glasses, as wise as goose, as reasonable as apes, as trim as Colyers, and as rich as new shorne sheep.  
Now seeing Galen, in whom was heaped as in a grainard: all knowledge both philosophical,& physical, was envy, disdained, backbyted, and yet of some is: what shal I think to go scotfre, that am so far inferior unto him, as is the scholar, unto the master? No no, therefore I will arm my head with patience: and my heart with a clear Conscience, protesting before GOD: and men,( which thorough the enuiousnes of the time I am driven unto) that this, that I haue done, I haue done neither of a proud mind, ambitious desire, or ouerwening in myself, but of a very fervent zeal, to the preservation of health, and maintaining of life: because I saw so many repair thither, without al order. By means whereof, some went away very sick, that came thither indifferent well. Some never a whit the better: which if they had had good counsel, might. And some, more by hap then by cunning: as it did them no good, so did it them no harm.  
These things weighed, I began to consider with myself, of many things doutting, whether it were better, to let pass, as other wiser,& better learned thē I had done such matters, or to procede therein. The which, when I had attempted, more and more I saw was too bee said, minding to haue gone no further: thus between doubt and despair, happened to come unto me, of the learned some,& other of the gentility, wise& expert that feared God, loved their country: and hearing that I had begon such a matter of Buckstone, as I had of Bath: instantly desired me, to go forward, affirming, I should do a grateful dead too the common weal of my native country,& that for the north parts,& West: aswell as the South: yea& if it were not so well done as some others of more wisdom, learning,& experience could,( as I think of myself it is not) yet because it should encourage some other, if they saw mine not sufficient to amend( as it is easier then to begin) that which I haue rudely rouded over. Albeit al that which I haue done, is collected out of the best writers in physic: and for these .xiiii. yeres& more, proved. Trusting it will be well accepted, seeing the profit is thine,& the labour mine. But if ther be any so affectionated to rhetoric, that unless they find a moulhil made a mountain, or an Emet, an Elephant, think the matter unperfect let them consider that.  
Non cupit ornari, cupit, &c. Or if, they suppose knowledge nothing worth, uttered in their own language. Thē I must needs say, they shall find this of Buckstons benefit,& also baths aid unperfect. Howbeit, of this if they consider, they may easily finde whether a thing briefly and plainly taught, bee better, or a thing obscure & intricate: and whether a thing familiar, or a thing strange be easiest to judge of, what need many words? If a long discourse had more needed, then a short: Hippocrates had not written his Aphorisines, nor Galen Ars parua: neither had they written in greek, when as all Grece understood greek, as well as they, or we in England english. But had devised some new tongue: a matter of no great labour: for the Drawcabion tongue of five yeares standing, as it was in a day invented. So was it in a week perfected:& is with some, for their pleasures in daily use. But these toys, were far from their meaning,& so I doubt not, but they be now from the wise, or else, the guide of the soul, Gods word, had not been in our own tongue uttered, nor of paul, so appointed. And therfore, if with the matter any be offended, let thē be offended with the best learned, whose example herein I haue followed, and out of whom this is collected. If the phrase like them not, I wish them to think, so many men, so many wits: so many styles, so many devises, as you haue hard. If the style be to plain, I would haue them to remember, whether heavy things be easier of digestion, or light: and briefly to conclude, whether their own familiar speech: their own laws: or the Romains be better,& easier, too judge of. Too conclude, if the matter be best which the approved writers, observe& affirm: then I dare say, this is not all ill. If the phrase be best that is most plain, thē this is not worst. If the style or endyting be best which continueth the matter: then this is not utterly to bee disallowed. In fine, if the mother tongue be most meet for hir own children, and easiest to be vnderstanded, then this in our own, you will affirm, is not to bee abandoned. So that I will thus end.  Foelix, à tergo quem nulla ciconia punxit. 
Thus wishinge thee good Reader all health, with all other things thy most gentle hart desireth, rest thine whiles I live as thou findest.  
John jones.   

¶ A Description of the wonderful virtue of the baths at Buckstone.  
EVEN as, in our former Treatise, of the baths of Bathe, we haue shewed the antiquity, commodity, property, use, diet, aphorisms,& medicines, with all things requisite, in our iudgement, for to be noted and observed of all such as ther intend( through knowledge) to seek any benefit. So, now it resteth that in this treatise we express likewise the benefit of Buckstons baths, or wells, in the high Peke, in the county of derby, ten miles from the worthy Edifices, Chatsworth .16. miles from Manchester .16. miles from Market Chester field .20. from derby, 30. from the famous and ancient city Westchester, 30. from the city of Lychfield, 30. from Stafford.  
Of the origine, of the name, and why it was called Buckstons well, I neither could read it in any author, nor hear of any as yet. This is as much, as I suppose, may be gathered thereof, that it hath the name of the town: and the town likewise hath the name of some one so called( for of such there be diuers) and the Danes and Saxons, as well as the Britaynes were wont to name their towns after their own names, as it is evident of very many places in this land: and a Saxon, or English name it is, and no british, or Welsh: And therefore, sithence Engistus, it hath his denomination. Howbeit, many yeares past, it was frequented for the health of thousands, by bathing them: as well as it is in these our dayes. For, between Burghe and it, there is an high way forced over the moores, all paved, 
Buckstones baths of great antiquity.  of such antiquity as none can express, called Bathgate: albée it more of a superstitiouse hope they had in thywell, than of any affiance they had in the quality, temperature, or property of the Bath: for of it and the use therof, they were ignorant.  
moreover, It is not unlikely that the stagges or buckes wounded, would take soil ther, and there the fosters of the forest, called it Buckstand: but in my iudgement, the former supposition is more likely. And as for Cottrels tale, or the vain inuencions about S. Aune found in the well, or of the water fet from flood jordan. I recken not them worthy the recital. Therefore, I will not detain you with such trifles, our dayes being so short: and the reason of the arte, so hard to attain,( as hippocrates, 1. lib. Aph. primo saith) passing over, the distinction of baths here in this Treatise, and definition of artificial: because in my first book of the baths of Bathe, they be shewed, contenting us with the natural.  
natural baths be those, which flow throw the entralles of the earth: taking their effect of such things, as they run thorough, 
Signification of baths.  and receive power by: for many infirmities most available. The differences of which hose natural baths of Buckstone, by what means, of what minerals, for what griefs, infirmities, and sickness they serve best, shal be prosecuted with all possible brevity, as far forth as herein my iudgement is necessary: seeing that in our second book of baths aid, you may find such things sufficiently skanned: and therefore vnnéedfull here of repeticion.  
First of the chief Bathe which is the warmer spring, void in effect of all corruption, arguing therfore, no great quantity of brimstone( as in Bathe) nor of allume, as some haue bruited. For then it should not onely be of another colour, marly yellow, or swarty green: but also it might sensibly be perceived by taste: albeit I aclowledge that Aristotle affirmeth, that there is no such hose spring, without the mine of brymston And I think with fall.& Sauona. Rubr. de therm. 
Falopius li. de Soss.  none without fiery heat: although the quantity may differ: and that may well appear. For if the quantity were equal and like to the minerals in Bath, the heat of as great force, fortified with like Antiparistasis, and as near to the head, then it should little in that respect, vary from Bathe. But it seemeth& sure it is so, that Buckstons baths haue not the fourth part of that heat which the baths of Bathe haue, nor the other minerals that be ther. For Buckstons is much like as if a quart of boiling water were commixed with a galond of could water. But Bath is, as if too a galond of seething water were put a quart of could water. By reason whereof, it attrecteth and dissolveth more spéedly. But buckstone more sweetly, more delicatly, more finely, more daintly, and more temperately: not bringing half so many gréeuouse accidents as Bath doth, yet less spéedly: but in process of time, very effectuousely, and for many infirmities, 
No grievous accident following Bucstones Baths  more commodiously, restrayninge unnatural issues, and strengthening the feeble members: assisting the animal, vital, and natural faculties: dispersing opilacions, and qualifying griefs.  
The well springs be situate in a valley, hard by a running brook, and runneth into it. Where at the meeting you may sensibly percegue and feel the hot water on the one side of the river, and the cold on the other. Notwithstanding, so commixed after, that it letteth the river of fresshing, in the coldest weather, for the space of a quarter of a mile, an argument of the power of the heat of those springs which be three especial, and those very excellent, and beneficial for diuers distemperatures, griefs and sicknesses, 
iij chief baths at Buckstone  as hereafter shal be further shewed, God assisting.  
But there be five or fix other, although not so good: yet it may be presupposed, that if there were boryers, such as mynerall men use in searching ore: too meet with the springs, of somme of the other, that the cold water, which is commixed with the hote, might be turned away: that then no doubt, 
The running of the springs in the baths of Buckstone.  they would be more excellent. For that the more could infirmities, might be cured by them, being made more hot. For undoubtedly, as mine one foot should step on the hot spring, the other would light on a cold: yea the one finger, I might put in the one, and another in the other, especially in those below. Howbeit, you may find in any some alteration, albeit not so much by a great deal.  
joining to the chief spring, between the river, and the Bathe, is a very goodly house, four square, four stories hye, 
A goodly house and buildings of the earl of Shrewsbury upon the baths side.  so well compact, with houses of office, beneath and above,& round about, with a great chamber, and other goodly lodgings, to the number of. 30: that it is and wilbée a beauty to behold:& very notable for the honourable and worshipful, that shal need to repair thither: as also for other. Yea, the poorest shal haue lodgings,& beds hard by, for their uses only. The baths also so bravely beutified with seats round about: defended from the ambyent air: and attorneys for fire, to air your garmintes in the baths side, and other necessaries most decent. And truly, I suppose that if there were for the sick a sanctuary, during their abode there, for all causes, saving sacrilege, treason, murder, burglary, rape and robbing by the hye way side, 
A sanctuary. market. fair. A licence to eat flesh would do well.  with also a license for the sick, to eat flesh at all times, and a friday market wéekely, and two fairs yearly, it should be to the posterities, not onely commodious, but also to the Prince great honour& gain. It is situate in a goodly seat, and that in an excellent and hungry soil, passing healthy, and in time would grow, to be very wealthy: and the commons about, would be reduced to great fertility, for the ground on the one side is full of lime stones, bringing good grain: on the other, a fine black mould, and a gross. Great pity, that such commons in all places be no better manured, seeing that infinite thousands, in the realm, might the more be maintained, 

 inserted picture representing the Hall and Well at Buxton, an inset to John Speed's 1610 map of Derbyshire Performed by John speed, and are to be sold in popes head Alley by John Sudbury and G. Humble 
BUXTON  
saint Annes well  
A could spring    not onely to the great preservation of the kingdom but also greater to the princes revenue. For four partes( I dare say) of the land lieth waste, and common, that might be brought to the public profit, as well to the increase of men, money, and municion: as, to the greater terror of foreign Dominion, how so ever idle wits use to common with a Shephardes cloak of their own framing. howbeit, in winter it is somewhat stormy: but yet nothing like Kerby, kendal, in Cumbreland: nor to brecknock in south-wales: nor to Kayer Neruame, in north-wales: nor to Bodnam in cornwall: all the which notwithstanding, be goodly towns, and wealthy, and through industry, made to the state, very profitable, as in time no doubt, this would: having passing them( as you may perceive) a thousand partes, a commodity, unto the which, out of all quarters of the world, not without just cause, would repair very many, and the rather a great deal being in this sort furnished, to their benefit, with a physician, placed continually, that might not onely counsel therein how the better to use Gods benefit: the which, God willing, 
A physician entertaineth always.  shalbe appointed, but also adapt their bodies, making artificial baths, by using thereof, as the case shall require, with many other profitable devices, having all things for that use, or any other, in a readiness, for all the degrees, as before it be long, it shal be seen, of the noble earls own performing. All these things laid and grounded, this resteth of us further( as it may) to be discussed, whereof the baths take their benefit: and thereupon, what they ease and help, as daily ther is approved, with other things thereto appertaining: the which be the marks we intend to run at. By comparison, they be like the pepper Bathe, beside the head of them rhine( as by Fuchsius, in Institucionibus, we may gather) saving that the pepper Bathe( saith Munsterus, in Cosmographia sua) continueth so long, as the spryngginge herbs, and grass, doth remain, in their flourishing force, and virtue. But these, so long as the matter féedyng them, do not fail. And surely, the sweetness and pleasantness of the water, of the Bath: sheweth some excellent ore: rather then either Brimstone, allume, bitumen, iron, copper, or any other such like, for then, it should in drinking be perceived, by taste. Of all which tastes, look in my second book, of baths aid. Albeit true it is( as affirmeth Galen de sanit, tuenda) all such hot baths, of such minerals haue force of drying: but in these, you shall find no such sense, but so farye, so pleasant, and delectable, that it would seem, to be a dulce Bathe, made by arte, rather then by nature. How beit the effect declares Brimstone to be therein, and therfore I would haue this of you to be noted, 
A matter worth the noting.  that salt water throw often straining, vpon fresh sand, is made again sweet, I mean tasteles: and so may other waters of other mineralles also, for the airy part, being purified from the earthly, in this wise, or by Lymbeck returneth again, too his own nature, and so this may: both for because the intern heat, is far distant( as we haue said in another place) and also, the water running from far, through the fair sandy earth, may be purified from the sent, of the mineralles, and so lose his taste, and yet, not without great virtues, both manifest, and hidden, as you may perceive, by that which is and shalbe said. seeing we grant God( Aristot, universal nature) hath bestowed upon us these baths, for our great benefit, if so be that, ther can be nothing( as saith Galene de vsu partium) which better, or more readily, taketh away distemperature, of heat, or could active qualities, or evacuateth, by the pores, the superfluous humores, then a dulce or pleasunt Bathe: or that also, maintaineth health more: for when as it is, by nature moist, and moderately hot, 
effects of the baths.  by humidity, it humecteth drieth, sprung of heat: by heat, it heateth) could, caused of congeling: by moderate closing, through drieth, strengtheneth the loosed: as by insensible perspiration, it mundifieth al partes, the which thing, is well proved daily there.  
Therefore, when the actions or uses of the partes be depraved, diminished, or quite abolished( a work that shall shortly be made speak Englishe: for that all men may know Gods marvelous might in their framing: and to what end every part serveth) by any, of the aforesaid distemperatures, properly, or accidentally, not mortally: nothing more safely, nothing more aptly, nothing more delicately, reduceth them to their old and pristinate activity: then the dulce, or delectable baths, or wells of Buckstone. For( as avicenne saith in Canon.) the weak members be as well strengthened with such medicines, as temperately heat, above their natural property, as eased of their grief, by qualifying the dyscrasy, in any or all of the partes. And this, it doth by reason that it rarifyeth, as well the partes, provoketh expiration, and wypeth away filth: as that it firmeth, joineth, and consolidateth the loose, weakened and severed substance, of the simplo, or compound partes, measurably qualifyinge the ouerheated members, and drying, such as be over moist. Therefore good for all such diseases, 
How they be good. what sicknesses they cure.  as come of overmuch cold moisture, for chollerique, and salt humour parched, and compact together, by which, we may gather, that it is good for such.  

rheums.  
fevers.  
Headaches.  
Weak sinews.  
Old scabs.  
Ulcers.  
cramps.  
Numnes.  
Itchinges.  
Shrinkings.  
Ryngwormes.  
Apostemes.   
And for these diseases following, beside many of the gréefs mentioned in my first book of Bath, which causes and accidents, I wish you to look there: supposing at the first exploit, to be sufficient to note here those sicknesses, that may not only probably be conjectured: but also daily proved that those wells help.  
Women that by reason of overmuch moisture, or contrary distemperature, be unapt to conceive.  
Also al such as haue their whites too abundant, and that be over watery.  
Item, weak men that be unfruitful.  
Likewise for all that haue Priapismus, and that be perboyled in Venus gulf.  
Profitable for such as haue the consumption of the Lungs.  
beneficial for such as vomit blood, as hath been well proved.  
Very good for the inflammation of the Liner.  
Excellent for overmuch heat, and stoping of the reins.  
beneficial to all such as be disquieted with burning of urine.  
Good for the Strangury, and continual desire to make water.  
Unordinary desire of going to the stool, doing nothing or very little with great pain, it cureth.  
It stayeth wasting of mans seed, the Hemoroydes, and piles, it soon amendeth.  
Against the overflowing of womens monthes, it muth availeth.  
It taketh away the Hicket.  
overmuch vomiting it easeth.  
It openeth the obstructions of the Milt and liver.  
For them that be short winded, it much availeth.  
Fluxes of the Milt and liver, it heinously amendeth  
The green sickness perfectly it cureth, and the morphewe soon it expelleth.  
From the ston it safely descenceth: and the healthy people in good state long it preserveth. Now, you that will repair unto the baths, for any of these infirmities, as also for others not name, and shall happen to come away vncured, I would not wish you, forthwith to exclayme upon God, and good men: because, by and by you were not healed, for some infirmities be déeplyer rooted in the partes through prolonging of time, then that any remedy perhaps will extend to the redress, as Amatus Lusitanus, in introitu medico ad aegrotantem, affirmeth: and therefore mine aduyce is, that such as be so assertayned of the physicians, that they thank God, as all godly and wise men, from the beginning haue done: and let them pray and prove again, 
prayer best pleaseth God and most profiteth man.  and not stick for any pain, cost, or travail. For what availeth all the world, and a man to loose his own life? saith Matthewe the evangelist: or what pleasure, I pray you, hath a man in riches, pessessions, nobility, certainty( worldly vanities) when as in the world, his own body, is asperly assaulted with eating vlceres, deuouringe wolves, 
health the best wealth  sharp cramps, freting bowels, frantic fits, and a thousand other, intolerable batteries. I think surely, then he had rather be poor Codrus, in health, shifting for his portion, then rich midas, so afflicted, wallowinge in dross: which we abusively call worldly wealth, when as very wealth, is health. For without health, all richesse is carefulness, pleasure unprofitable, company gréeuouse, 
The pretty knowledge that the books of the baths of Bathe hath.  in brief, all things odious. wherefore take indication of thine own constitution, out of my tables in baths aid, What is in them according to nature, what natural, what not natural, best for thy use, and how against nature thou art affencted, that thou mayst be perfect, to show physicians wherein thou art to request aid, and not as the blind man, casteth his staff, run to it: but first know what is in thee, according to nature amiss, by them again, to be amended: Of which( God be magnified) there were never better, nor greater store in our land, even of our own nation, than be at this day: comparable( I dare say) both for wisdom learning, and experience, to any in all Europe. although,( I know not how) some darnel is crept in amongst the good corn, to the dishonour of our Creator, to the destruction of our queen hir majesties Subiectes, and to the great slander of the arte of all other,( as Montanus witnesseth in Anazena morborum) far the noblest. Inasmuch as life& health of mans body excelleth all other things in the world. But, I will trouble you no longer with such their vanities, for our labour is( if it may be) wholly to your profit, in expressing a compendious discourse of diet, néedful to be considered.  

The great effects of diet.  diet of Galene is called, The use of necessary cause, in Epidemijs, of avicenne good governance, and of us, in our Tables in baths aid, things not natural, all one in meaning, cunningly handled of Aetius, who saith:  
The surest way to the rootinge out of any sickness, is diet. Affirming further, that by diet long diseases find most benefit. The which thing also, Galene affirmeth, c. 8. secundum loca, that distemperature onely, so is not healed, but also many great and gréeuouse sicknesses are by it cured. And therefore I would not wish any other means to be sought, where onely good diet doth serve. The which thing Plato affirmeth in Timaeo, and after him Damascenus, in Aphorismis, and Arnoldus in parabolis: utterly reiectinge such, as of diet make none account.  
To the uses of necessary causes, three things are expedient to be weighed, quality, quantity, and maner of order.  
quality is shewed by the constitution of the sickness, which in things to be received Hippocrates hath made plain writing in this manner, 6. Epidemiorum. In sickness there must be a contrary diet. Also, primo Aphorismorum, decimo sexto: moist diet profiteth all persons troubled with a fever: and especially children, and such as haue accustomend to live so.  
But before we proceed any further, it shall not be vnnéedfull, to note unto you, by the way, the times of sickness universal, which be four: Beginning, Augmenting, state, 
times of Sicknesses.  and declining, as testifieth Galene, libio de morborum temporibus,& primo de Crisibus.  
quantity, is descried by the knowledge of the force of constitution of the sickness, of the time, of the particular increase, and of the strength, of the party affencted. If so be, that the full diet encreseth, strength, the mean preserveth it, and the slenderest deminisheth it.  
plentiful, is that which increaseth the strength of nature, as that which is made of new laid eggs, of physical confections, and of such wholesome meats, as shalbée hereafter mentioned.  
The mean, or that which is neither plentiful, nor sparing. Galene called a temperate Diet, as that which is done by few meats and such as be of small nourishment, as is the juice of Ptysane.  
The slenderest is that which is appointed in the time of Crisis, which is, a soddayne alteration of nature, either into better or worse, as Galen defineth it lib. ter. praesagiorum comment. pri.& lib. second. aphoris. comment. decimo tercio,& vicesimo tercio:& lib. pri. Epidemiorum, comment. 3. abstaining altogether, or taking something of least nourishment, as is Mellicratum. Therfore, if virtues or strengths, haue their lawful powers, and the chiefest force of the sickness looked for of nature, it shalbe lawful to use a most slender diet.  
But if the strength be weak, it shall not be convenient, without great hurt, but rather, too add so much nourishment, as of the Strength is diminished.  
For, even as evacuation is made before concoction, the matter provoked: so shall nourishment be had in a time not used to eat, to keep the strength from utter failing, as Auicen teacheth primiphen. quarto. Whereby it cometh to pass, that oftentimes in fits, meats be given. And therfore sometime we must give nourishment, in the shakinge of the fyt: the which thing, Galene testifieth, de picrocholis, primo therapentites, 1. apho. come. 9. And sometime, in the very burning of the fit, that is when any gréeuouse accident happeneth, dissolving the strength, nature not aggravated: for where the powers shalbe decayed, by reason of manifest empting( as the same Galen sheweth,) or because of extreme sweat, dissolving the strength, or else, by reason of overlong abstinence: all these thus affencted, require nourishment most speedily.  
contrariwise, they which by reason of grief, or because of the state of the sickness, haue the faculties not strong, do need now and then evacuation rather, then filling: nay he which giveth meate to such, is cause of great hurt, unto them. So much likely it is, that those which be ignorant in physic, can appoint what meats, or at what times, or what quality, or quantity, to the sick ought to be given. Hence it is made evident, that every sick person doth not require nourishment.  
In every sharp sickness, a most slender diet is required. In méeker sicknesses, a larger diet may be permitted.  
In cronicke or long diseases, we do diminish the diet, and very many of them, besides fevers, are rid with a slender diet, as avicenne testifieth, quarti phen. primo. And therefore in the curing of the french pox, we find, the new diet is not profitable, 
The new diet profitable.  as Nicolaus massa in tractatusuo, de morbo Gallico, johannes Aliuenar de hic Hispanica, Benedictus Victorius, de morbo Neapolitano, Vldericus Huttonus, de morbo Gal. with infinite others, do testify.  
In state of the sickness, we must use a more slender, diet, yet first so plentiful, that it may suffice the sick. southhampton Aristotle saith, Secundi Problemate, quinquagesimo secundo, in the beginning of the sickness, it is good to give meate. Celsus, contrariwise affirmeth, abstinence in the beginning of the sickness, to be beste. But truly, the one is ment as( I think) of the time of sickness universal, and the other particular, and of this mind is Montinus, in compendio facultatis curatoriae.  
By pangs or fits the quantity is altered: and in them it shalbée convenient to abstayn, for it behoveth to give nothing, to them that by cyrcuites haue fits: except perchance when the fit doth begin to leave. For then must meats be given, when heat shall come even unto the feet. To conclude with Auicen in Quarto phen. pri. sometime we take away nourishment, often times we do diminish, sometime we make even, sometime we do increase.  
It is wholly taken away, when we desire to empty humores, because of digestion, as in state, and in very sharp sicknesses, and in them that be of matter. But in lean persons, and such as haue Hectica Febris, and that be in consumpcions, it ought to be increased.  
It is diminished, that the strength may be by nourishment preserved to th'end, that we may provide for the matter, neither ought nature too be hindered with multitude of over much nourishment, as in augmenting, and in acute or sharp sicknesses, and in the cronike or long also, yet less then in the sharp. And it is diminished two ways, for sometime we are compelled to lessen the quality, and to increase the quantity, as in Bolysmus that doggish appetite. And often times we are constrained to increase the quality, and diminish the quantity, and when we endeavour too strengthen the body, and the nature of the stomach is not strong enough, for a fuller diet.  
In the beginnings of sickness, we do give an even diet, which doth neither augment, nor diminish the strength of the body. For first we must deal plenteously( as Galen willeth primo ad Glanconem) that the sick may suffice.  
In declination we do increase, for it behoveth too make increase, like to the diminishing, which was afore in state. Therfore Galen doth teach Tercio artis paruae, that the arte which doth refresh, and strengthen, is convenient for them that be whole.  
In sicknesses even to be digested, and in strong state, use abstinence.  
When the strength is weakened, and the sickness hard to overcome. Galen commendeth Pri. ad Glanc, to use a larger diet  
The showing of the manner of use, is also taken of iiif. things afore said. For if the strength shalbe weak, and the disposition be of corruption of humours, or of want of them, we shall give the sick but a little nourishment, a little in deed: because his weakness, cannot sustain at once, the whole multitude of nourishment. And often because the disposition needeth many things: if so be that, wanting doth need adding, and corruption cleansing.  
If with weakness of the virtues or strength, there shalbée neither any wanting, nor any corruption, neither yet lack of natural humours, but that they shal abound, then we will give few things, and seldom, and so much the rather, if the humours shall abound.  
But if ther shalbe want of humours, or corruption, and the virtues strong, then we will give much meate, and often, as the disposition may require, and nature strong able to digest it.  
If the virtues, powers, or strength shalbe strong, with a disposition of the pleurisy, then we will give seldom, and little at once, because the preserved state doth not need much.  
Furthermore, in summer time, often sew things must be given: for that then the body needeth much adding, as those which be dissolved, through vapours( as you haue hard) and haue but a weak strength.  
In the winter season, much may be given, by reason the actions be stronger, yet seldom, because the sick doth not need very much, adding as they to whom, there is not much evacuation made.  
In the Spring, we will nourish with few things, and that a long time: as also in full dispositions, if the powers be strong.  
harvest or autumn is likened too diseases which are caused of corruption. Therfore they which therein be sick of an ague( of all which agues you may look in my book, entytuled, the dial of Agues: the faults wherein, escaped in the print, shal shortly be amended, with further matter) do need a continual adding of the best nourishment, if the virtues be strong. But if they be weak, little at once, and oftentimes.  
likewise saith Galene, 1. aphoris. commen. decimo septi. a man may take indication of ages, custom, region, climates, &c. reducing them to the two first intents, for the premises, do show the body weak, or strong: abounding, either with good humores, or lacking humores sufficient, or depraved with illenes of humors. Of which it is evident, that the force of the strength, sometimes( as in diseases which grow throw corruption or want of humors, or else in Autumme) requireth much meate and often: and many times little and seldom, as in sharp sicknesses. It is also evident( to such as are expert in the Diatique part of physic) when meat little, and often, much and often, little and seldom, much and seldom, is conveniently too be given too the sick.  
Therefore seeing this arte, of al artes is the chiefest, it is not the least parte of knowledge to appoint diet, as Galene undecimo therap. sept. methodi medendi, iudgeth: who also commandeth that we should appoint one kind of diet, the indications agreeing, but then disagréeing, we must prefer those which be stronger and most, so that the diet, which they prescribe, be observed, and the contrary neglected.  
In diseases uncurable, for the better sustayning, of the sick when he lieth, a most light diet in quality, contrary to the infirmity, and cause must be prescribed. But by reason of the quantity, for the onely respect of the virtue, strength, or appetite, it is appoynted as though no disease were.  

Nourishments whereof they spring.  Now, all nourishementes, whereof diet consisteth, spring of the first commixtion of elements, and they bee either of seeds, plants, or living things. For, as Fernelius saith, libro secundo, de abditis rerum causis: nothing can nourish us, which is not itself nourished, and endowed with life, and these be. certain of these be simplo, certain compound: Some do work in matter, some in quality,& matter, as saith Dioscorides, de medica materia.  
Of these, the one sort be simplo meats, of mean temperature, endowed with no especial quality.  
The other be mixed, and are called Medicinable: because although they nourish, yet in quality they do alter and change the body of the receiver. whereupon there is of nourishments a double faculty: One by which they alter, the other by which they nourish.  
The former is known of colour, smell, and taste, and also of those things, which do excel, applied outwardly, or received inwardly.  
The latter is known by no reason, but by experience onely: because the whole nature of the thing nourished, is a certain propriety to their substance, of Galen called a likeness 3. ther. By which reason nourishment is sweet, and pleasant in taste, and as the familiarity of them, is by pleasantness perceived, so is the contrary by vnpleasantnesse tried, if so be that those things which do differ from nourishment of their whole nature, are vnsauerily eaten.  
Let ther be saith Galen. octo therap. in all sicknesses this foresight in diet, that the meate be of good juice, and of easy digestion, because as avicenne saith second. Phen. quart. every person sick is hurt. Therfore of meats of evil juice evil juice is gotten, Galen hath made manifest, in lib. de Euchymia& Cacochymia, of how great force it is to engender sickness.  

meats of strong nourishment.  meats which principally nourish, slowlyest pierce, for such be gross and flimy, to the end they may stick fast, and not easily to be out breathed by vapour, but such as are hardly digested.  
Contrarily, such as swiftly pierce be of subtle parts, brittle of substance, light of digestion, but of little nourishment: Wherefore swift nutricion, as testifieth Galen. 3. de causis pulsuum daily is not needful, as is that which is made by wine which is hot and moist. Of this, Hippocrates saith, Libr. de alimentis. To recover strength as in swooninges: of dyetes the moist is principal, although yet sooner by swelling( as you may find in my iiij. book of baths aid,) and also in them, whose partes be weak, ouerdryed with infirmity, that the nourishment may the better enter and be drawn into them, of the which nourishmentes, it is high time that something be spoken.  
Of grains, of corn, is bread made, the diversity whereof Athaenaeus libr. de honesta voluntate, Hermolans in corelario, haue expressed.  

Best bread of wheat.  The best bread is that which is made of wheat, well baked somewhat leauend, neither to new nor to old, for the crazed at al times helthiest.  
But bread of dyvers grains, of diuers forms, in dyvers places be used. Some countries make bread of clean wheat, for the most part, as in Somersette shire, Rent, lincoln, and norfolk, some of beans, and pease, as Leycestre shire, and in Nothingham shire the clay, of which read Tussard his husbandry. Some of Rye, as in Urchenféeld, and in Stafford shire, some of Miscelling, or Muncorne, as in Worcester shire, and Sallope. Some of oats, as in Lanckashyre, Ches shire, Cumberland, westmerland, and cornwall. And some of big or winter bear, some of Lentyles, some of Fitches, some of Tares, some of French wheat, most in use for Rustikes. And into diuers forms these grains may be reduced, some in form of manchet used of the gentility: some of great loues, as is usual among yoomanry-some between both, as with the franklings: some in form of Cakes, as at weddings: some Rondes of Hogs, as at vpsittings: some Simnels, Cracknels, and Buns, as in the Lent: some in broad cakes, as the oten cakes in Rendoll on irons: some on Slat stones as in the hye peke: some in frying pans, as in derby shire: some between irons, as wafrons: some in round cakes, as Bysket for the Ships. But these and all other the main bread of York excelleth, for that it is of the finest floure of the Wheat well tempered, best baked, a pattern, of all other the finest.  
This largely handled, because, the others kindes, some haue preferred before that( which is best) of us first appointed.  

thirst defined.  Drink, the remedy of thirst, which is an appetite, of a thing could and moist: doth therfore either cool as vinegar, or moisten as wine, or worketh both as Oxicratum, or could water( as Pline affirmeth, lib. 28. Cap. 4.  
Furthermore, drink doth either mightle the partes of the meate, or else conveyeth the meat through the whole body, as Ioanicius teacheth. It is of two kinds, not nourishing as water, nourishing as wine, ale, beer, ptisan, 
what drink doth.  &c.  
The measure of drink, is that which doth neither swim on the stomach, neither bring any sense of overflowing, as testifieth Galene, septimo methodi medendi: utterly condemning all riotous quaffing, a 'vice, now too commonly used.  
The best drink for the crazed at Buckstone, is mean Ale, neither to new, nor to stale, not ouerhepped.  
Your flesh shalbée most ordinary, as followeth, 
meats.  mutton, Kyd, coney, rabbit, Ueale, turkey, Capon, hen, Chicken, Phesiant, partridge, rail, Curlyew, Cnotwype, Wodcocke, Snype, or any other cloven footed fowles, Poched eggs, or rear roasted is also right nourishinge meats, as is aforesaid.  

Some fruits admitted.  fruits, albéeit in most regimentes be forbidden, of these kinds may be used, almonds any way dressed, Raceines, figs, pomegranates, Quinces, Wardens, and Chestnuttes roasted, rice, Marmalad, green ginger. So may confortatives, conserves, or cordial Confections, or to them that haue could diseases, or be of a could constitution. wines of these kinds may be permitted, as a cup of sack and Sugar, if the disease do not forbid it, or of good gascoigne wine, to them that be lean, with Sugar, or white Mamulsyes of Madera, a myas of good Ale, a cawdell, 
Kindes of wine tolerable.  or Alebury, although afore in the general diet I haue not touched it.  
moreover, fishes following may be permitted, although licence be obtained, Trught, Creuis, Breame, Barble, Cheuion, Perch, Rotche, Bret, Gurnet, Whyting, smelled, Cod, Myllers thumb, Bully head, Loche, &c.  

Meales ordered.  Now for your meats, they willbe best at x. or xi. a clock, if you can fast so long: if not, take some small refection before you go into the Bath, or not long after you come out, if you enter not into your bed, nor receive any medicine.  
Your hour of supper shalbe about six of the clock: but after I would haue you to use no meate that night, nor yet drink, if you can abstain.  
always provided, first when you come thither, because the air is far colder and more sharp then in any part of the South, 
More cloths at Buckston then at Bath.  that you be well clothed: having also good fire: especially tender persons, and such as haue ben brought up in the South cities, and they whose pores be open, albeéeit the air there is very wholesome, as that which is pure, infected neither with exhalacion of standing pools,& ditches, as is Brynt marsh in somerset shire, or the Fens in Lincoln shire, 
air very wholesome.  or Houldernes in york shire, neither with any pestilent air, as were those deep holes about Sardis, and Hyerapolis, mentioned of Galene, secundo de tuenda valetudine. neither with such evil air as issueth forth of loads, Synckes, Sewers, and draynes, as about the fleet bridge, Holburne bridge, tower ditch, and Brydewell, at London, &c. neither with such, as cometh of Hempy grounds, as in Holland: neither with such as come out of great meres, compassed on every side, with the hills, as in diuers partes of Cumbreland: neither with such as cometh of houses fulsomely kept, as in ireland, slaughter houses, and Shambles. All which airs be hurtful too all ages, as contrarily, that which is pure, as is at Buckstone, is to all most profitable. But the diversity of air which happeneth of drieth or moisture, heat or could, it is not of itself to all alike, but to such as be of the best temperature the best tempered air is most wholesome. But in those, in whom any abounding quality hath soueraingtie, the air which is most against that quality, is to them most profitable, the cold to the hote, the hote to the cold, the moist to the dry, the dry to the moist, as it is reason. So much more as the moisture hath exceeded mean,& this to haue vnderstanded, in this place, briefly may suffice. For how you may defend you from the cold air, that environeth you there, is with sufficient garments& good fire, as is afore expressed. Furthermore, you may use a more large diet at Buckstons then at Bathe.  
But first, we will somewhat entreat of exercise, which shall take place afore meat: 
profitable exercises before meat  for so Hippo. hath appointed in his aphorisms saying: Labour must go before meate: also in his vi. book de morbis popularibus, he hath these words in order, labour, meate, drink, sleep, &c. shalbee mean. But, whether labour, moving, and exercise be all one, or do differ in themselves, shall appear. every moving truly, shall not be an exercise, 
Vehement and not vehement exercise. Exercises definid.  but that which is vehement, and that which in some is vehement, may in other be thought to be but an exercise: to the other some not. Therfore, the end of this vehement, shal be alteration of breath: seeing in whom there is no alteration of breath, it is not to be called an exercise. The which thing Galene testifieth, libro secundo, de sanitate tuenda.  
utility of exercises is double: one to the evacuation of excrements: the other, to the conservation of the state of the body. For of vehement moving, three things are obtained: hardness of the parts through daily exercise: increase of natural heat, and a Swift moving of the breath.  
By hardness of the partes, they be loss affencted with labour. By increase of heat, not onely mighty attraction, is caused in the body, but also a spéedier alteracion, a better nutricion, and a perfecter distribucion into all the partes. By benefit whereof the solid partes be kept soft, and the moist be thynned, and the small ways of the whole body, be made more loose.  
But of the more vehement force, of the breath, followeth necessary, all the meaptes to be cleansed. now, if exercise work this, with very many more, as the clensinge of the excrements of all the body, at large expressed of Galene in his works de sanitate tuenda. It shall not be unprofitable to appoint the time and measure of it. And because it helpeth digestion, it ought not be used, when multitude of raw meate is contained in the vessels, least it might bring great danger unto the state of good health, and further increase the griefs of the sick, by augmenting of juice before it were( as is said) altered perfectly. So that the exercise is best which is before meat: if so be that the bodies which be unpure, and unpurged of commune excrements, the more you nourish them, the more you hurt them: Of this, I suppose it is evident, that the time for exercise is best, when the last days meat is digested with a double concoction, as well that which is in the stomach, as that which is in the vessels of blood: for then the time of meat, again draweth nigh: and if you use exercise sooner, or later, you shall either fill the body with raw humours, or increase pale choler.  
When you shal begin any exercise, your brine, state, or water may serve for a good note. 
A rule to know when exercise should begin  For if it be( saith Galene 2. de tuenda sanit.) like clear running water, it shall show the juice yet to be raw. But if it be higher, then amber or between it and iacincte, yellowish or chollerique read, it shall show the juice to be digested long before, saith Aegidius, de judicijs vrinarum. That which is yellowish, or pale, sheweth the second concoction to be finished, as saith Actuarius, in lib. de urinis. But if the urine shall not be mixed with chollour( as is aforesaid) it shall seem watery, thin, and clear. But if it shall haue received more of the chollorique substance, then enough, it shall appear read saith Montanus, lib. de vtlnarum judiciis. Wherefore when it is méenely red, or méenely yellow, then is exercise too be used: but the excrements first expelled, as well ordure, as urine: for so Galene second. de sanitat. tuend. willeth.  
To the sickly, small exercise will serve, by reason of féeblenesse, not able too suffer pantynge, neither verily so violent for them shalbée requysite. But if their strength will sustain it, an exercise convenient for their calling, shalbée used.  

Trol in Madam.  The ladies, Gentle Woomen, wives, and maids, may in one of the Galleries walk: and if the weather be not aggréeable too their expectation, they may haue in the end of a bench, eleven holes made, into the which to troll pummetes, or bowls of lead, big, little, or mean, or also, of Copper, tin, wood, either violent, or soft, after their own discretion, the pastime Troule in madam is termed.  
likewise, men feeble, the same may also practise, in another Gallery, of the new buyldinges, and this, doth not only strengthen the stomach, and vpper parts above the mydryfe, or wast: but also the middle partes beneath the sharp Gristle and the extreme partes, as the hands, and legs, according to the weight of the thing trouled, fast, soft or mean.  
In like manner, bowling in alleys, the weather convenient, and the bowls fit to such game, 
Bowling.  as either in plain or long alleys, or in such as haue Cranckes with half bowls, which is the finer and gentler exercise.  
Shootinge at Garden butts, too them whom it agreeth and pleaseth, 
shooting the noblest exercise.  in place of Noblest exercise standeth, and that rather with long bow, than with Tyller, ston bow, or cross bow. Albéeit, to them that otherwise can not, by reason of grief, féeblenesse, or lack of use, they may be allowed.  
This practise of all other the manlyest, leaveth no part of the body unexercised, the breast, back, reins, wast, and arms, withdrawing the thighs, and legs, with running or going.  

wind ball or yarn ball  The wind baule, or yarn ball, between three or four, shall not be invtile to be used, in a place convenient, each keeping their limit. For tossinge, wherein may be a very profitable exercise, because at all times, they keep not the like force in stryking, so that they shalbée constrained too use more violent stretching, with swifter moouinge at one time, than another, which will make the exercise more nymble, and deliver, both of hand and whole body: therefore increasing of heat, through swift moving in all partes the sooner.  

Plumbes or weightes.  Plumbetes, of Galene termed alteres, one born in each hand, up and down the stayers, galleries, or chambers, according to your strength, may be a good and profitable exercise: so may you use weights in like maner.  
A fine Hallyer or bow line, a soot or two higher then a man may reach, 
Bow line,  fastened in length, some way, shall not be unprofitable, holden by the hands, thereby to stretch them: very excellent as well for stretchinge of the mydrife, intern panicles and wast, with all the rest of the partes, as also, to preserve and defend them from apostemes, obstructions, and pains thereto incident.  
These exercise of your own power, I think, for this place sufficient. now, we will show howe they may be profitable unto you thorough others moving, as well by wagon, charriet, horselitter, and riding, as by Cradle, and Chayor hanged, in sort as to that use may be best framed, all very profitable, as they may be exercised: much, little, or mean, close, or open in the air, as to the parties shall be requisite: taking time likewise in the using, swift, slow, or mean, long, short, or mean. And so likewise in rocking by 'vice, or engine: or on the floure which is more shaking. And therfore to them that may suffer it, more profitable.  
The other good, to weaker persons, as that in frame, conveyed by pendent, from one to another, standing a sunder, according to the length of the engine, three or iiij. fedome, drawn from them to the other, swift, slow, or mean, long, short or mean, as to the party shalbe convenient. Omitting other devises, to opportunity, and physicians further discretion, as to their own patients, shalbe necessary, and decent. At large entreated, of Galen in his arte of maintaining health, from the tender age of Infantes, until they become old men, living all their life, in health, until their last age, and then die without pain, whither you may resort, for your further contentation, seeing our scope is, but of the benefit of bathing.  
Before you enter the Bath, tarry two or three dayes, as well for resting of you, after your long travail, 
Rest before bathing.  as also to acquaint you with the air, using some melody, the which thing Aesculapius worthily appointed, saith Galen,& in deed it refresheth the wit, increaseth strength, and melancholy it putteth to flight.  
Times of bathing, shal be both morning and evening, but after your exercise, and purging, and altogether, 
Bathing times best.  before meat. And that when the son is of a good hight, the misty exhallations, being into the second heaven attracted, the wether fair, and in the summer season, as between the béeginning of May,& the later end of September. Saying the prayer in the later end of this book, on your knees, either in the appointed places, or in your chamber, or on the baths side. But in pestilent seasons must utterly be avoyded all baths Georgius Agricola Libro de peste, et Rasa Libro de peste.  
In the hath you may tarry ij. or. iij. houres, if you please, and in especial if the cause, sickness, or grief require, and the body fit for it.  
After you come forth, your clothes well aired, your body well dried, and especially your head, if the disease shall require, 
Bladders full of warm water.  into your bed with two bladers full of the water, made hote on the fire, the one apply under the arm holes,& the other in the twyste, and there sweat, as your strength will bear.  
This done, dry your body again, and rub it all over, as the infirmity may require. howbeit not in every one, until the skin be red, but if such frycacion be appointed, keep your bed for two or three houres after, lest the small meaptes being opened, a soddaine alteracion may happen, of nature altogether abhorred.  

Force of frication.  Fricacion hath force too loose, to bind, too increase flesh, and to diminish it, saith Hippocrat. That is, the hard to bind, the soft to loose, the much too diminshe, the mean to increase flesh. Howbeit, as may seem, in Galene his time, diuers Gymnastickes inuentinge other innumerable differences of frications, wan great praise: in so much that they were supposed, to haue found out, concerning frycacions, more then Hippoc. himself, amongst whom then a Prince of the Gymnastyckes, wrote, in Gymnasticis, de differencijs frictionum, in this wise: amongst our precepts of Frycacion, it seemeth good unto us, that the Qualities be joined with the quantity.  
For of themselves, they be so unperfect, that no absolute effect, or success, can proceed of them: because soft Frycacion for the quantity, needeth a thréefolde operation. For, little doth lightly make the sleshe slack, and soft to be handled.  
Much doth evaporate and dissolve: mean doth fill with a loose, and flowing flesh. likewise the hard, according to the manner of the quantity, doth yield so many effects in number. For much doth bind the bodies, and leaveth behind something like to a Timon.  
The mean doth fill with flesh, and the small doth for the time, bring redness in the over parte of the skin. In which process of words, he containeth six differences of Frycacion, thereby supposed, too haue spoken better, and more plentifully of Fricacion, then Hippocrat. himself.  
But if more seriousely you ponder the words of Hippocrat. and not by the way( as a dog doth water) lightly taste of them, you shall easily finde, that he hath comprehend nine differences, as may appear by this description.  

Hard. 

Little.  
Much.  
mean.    
Soft. 

Little.  
Much.  
mean.    
mean. 

Little.  
Much.  
mean.     
WHEN Theion had taught the first six of these nine coniugacions, which the description comprehendeth: he made no mention at all of the other three, combating cruelly with himself: for if ther be a certain middle, of the small& great, which we call mean, ther shal also be another middle of the soft and hard, which we will call mean, and moderate. But, such sophistical cauillacions, in this work, we haue not determined to reprove, but rather howe health at Buckstone, is to be obtained.  
Medicines possessing power of euacuating, for the health of the costyfe, and of them that abound with corruption, above all exercises haue dominion: which in our fourth book of baths aid, more largely we haue handled, here altoogyther not to be omitted,( that in the absence of physicians may be used) regard had to the constitution of the body, manner of sickness, and present state: remembering this also, that doses or qualities of medicines, 
great regard to be had in the dosis of medicines.  are varied, according to complexion, case, time, age, region, nature, sickness, diet, arte, and times mutacion, as affirmeth avicenne in Canon. and Amatus Lusitanus, centuria prima.  
Therefore, not possible to appoint a just quantity, these things, in every person not considered: and because you are there in a colder climate, then is Bathe( as I haue said) you must make your Dose the greater, for the North persons require a greater and stronger force, to alter their nature, then the southern, for that their bodies be more hard, by means whereof the natural actions be stronger, and will turn the medicine into nourishment. And we call, all that a medicine, which hath power to alter nature, saith Montanus, commentario primo, de simplicium medicamentorum qualitatibus. For otherwise it is not a medicine, but meat. Howbeit, Galene saith, libro quinto, de sim. It maketh such juice, or humour, as it should haue expelled: so that it increaseth rather sickness, then avoyde the cause. It shalbée good therefore, if you mean to use them, a little to augment the quality, as a fourth or fifth parte more, which will sufficiently tharpen them, as I haue often proved. Howbeit, I had rather you should confer with the learned, concerning the use of my medicines, then upon your own skill receive them, and yet all that I haue prescribed, be void of venyme, and will not hurt, if they profit not. But if they he received according to my meaning, 
take no medicine without good aduise.  they be not onely of noble operation, but also of gentle force of purging. And purgation, saith Galene, Comm. sec. primo Apho. is evacuation of humours, which do molest with their quality. But purgation is not onely given, because of evil humours abounding, but also by reason of the force of the sickness, and sometime if supplieth blood letting. For if the party be weak, a gentle purge will better serve, as may appear, 4. therapentices,& quart. debt. sand. libris Galeni: for blood is the treasure of life, not viciated.  
purgation, according to Hippocrat. is a cleansing which by nature or artificially by arte is made. 
Purgataons defined.  Also there is a gentle purgation, which evacuateth from all partes, and an other from the place onely affencted, and this is either universal, or particular, as gentiles declareth, 1.3.  
The former of the whole body, but especially from the place suffering, the other from it onely. 
general and particular purging.  Mesue calleth it an universal purgation, cap. de soda. Summa tercia, de medicinis aegritudinum cerebri, which evacuateth the matter, cause of grief, from the community of all, or of the most famous partes, or of them which be as it were myneralles, as the liver of blood, the gall of choler, stomach of phleme, the milt of spleen of melancholy, or black choler. And particular he calleth that, which bringeth matter, cluddered, lomped, or bagged, in any principal member, or parte: by the proper emunctuaries, as out of the head, by the nose, mouth, ears, eyes, palate, &c. But this particular may not be preferred before the universal, except it be in four cases, as either because the matter doth not much abound in quantity, wherefore it may suffice, if it be brought from a parte of the emunctuaries of that member, in which the sickness is, or else, because the part from whence the matter is derived is not strong in delivering it, nor the part receiving is not strong in resisting, or else because that part doth not receive the community from the rest of the parts, or else because the body and other members are not fet under the Dominion of the matter, which causeth the disease in that member.  
likewise ther is one purgation drawing backward, and another forward, the former turneth to the contrary, the other aside, as saith Hippoc. Libro de Succis. and Galen. 4. Therali. de Vlceribus. Hence it is apparent, that purgation of the belly, profiteth the most sort grieved with ulcers, as the same Hippoc affirmeth, ther is also one kind of purgation, that diminisheth, another that perfectly evacuateth all: The former diminisheth the sickness, the later, wholly rooteth it out, and this is of two sorts, for either by one means, or other, it expelleth the filthy excrements or else it diminisheth the fumity or juice hurtful, as Conciliator saith Differencia, 116. and this is strong, weak, or mean, as which is caused of a laxative, strong, weak, or mean. Likewise some purgation at once, worketh effectually, out of al the partes, and some by distance of time, or little and little. This maner Tralianus useth in headaches, and ioyntaches, Mesue for melancholic humours, Auenzoar in long diseases, Auicennas in quotidian agues.  

Corrupt humores weakeneth the strength.  Therefore where through humours corrupted, the life, strength, force, power, or virtue is weak, Galen willeth to vacuat, cleanse, or empty, that which is evil, by little& little,& to reserve in order, that which is wholesome, with curation, of hurtful or vicious juice, of the greeks is called epikrasis, saith Galen nono therap. And Sirmesinos, Hippo. calleth mean emptings. libr. de artiensis, whether they be, by vomit or by stool.  
likewise we use some purgation cuartiue, or healing, and to prevent a myschéeie suspected.  
Differences of purgation, or cleansing, are taken of the places by the which they are expelled, whether downward by stool, or upward by vomit, or by urine, mouths, sweat, 
Difference of purging.  spitting, and snot, lewsing of the belly, draweth down from the vpper partes, and rooteth out from the lower partes.  
Vomit bringeth to pass by contrary means, drawing, and emptyng.  
urine cleanseth the superfluities which are contained in the veins, in the bunchy part of the liver, reins, ways of urine& bladder: and sometime those which are without the mydryfe. For Galen did see the vomit of the lungers by urine to be cleansed, and of the stomach, by the bowels: sweat cleanseth from all partes. spittle onely with cough, cleanseth that which is in the loose spaces of the breast.  
Snot purgeth those superfluities, which are in the head.  
The Canons and rules which it behoveth us to observe, shalbe to lead that way whither nature especially doth incline, in the summer upward, in the winter downward, as Hippo. commandeth, Aphorismo quarto, and Gal. 1. ap. 21.  
we purge lean persons and such as can easily vomyt, by the vpper ways, avoiding winter. But in the Spring, summer, and harvest, such as hardly vomit, and be of a lean constitution, purge downward, eschewing summer.  
Such as haue the consumpcions of the lungs, haue regard how ye purge upward for fear of weakening the spiritual partes.  
Such as haue the bottom of the belly thin, weak bowels, or be bursten, take heed how ye purge downward, for it is daungerous.  
melancholic persons you may more safely purge by the lower ways.  
It is evil to purge much, such as haue the sluxe lyentery,( sliding away of the meate undigested) by the vpper partes in summer.  

Sicknesses for lack of purging.  grief about the hartstringes, signifieth lack of purgation, by the vpper partes, and such as molest the nether partes downward.  
If belly aching shall chance to him that hath not a fever, heaviness of the knéees, grief of the loins,& thyghs, it sheweth that they ought to be purged downward.  
To conclude, euacuacion of the particular members, is made by Indication, taken of situacion, as Galene hath plenteously declared, tercio art. paruae. 2. ad Glanconem, sep. vnde.& tricesimo therapentices.  

what sicknesses purging cureth.  Galene, lib. de vi catarthica, affirmeth, that he abated the tercian fever melanchollique passions, frantic fits, falling sicknesses, continual headaches, pains of joints, gouts, and healed the sciatica, scald heads, frettinge vlceres, wolves in the breast, and many daungerous pustules, of evil colour, new lepryes, cankers, and one whom, as he had ben bored thorough the guts( which by other physicians unexpert handling three months, waxed worse and worse) with onely purgation he restored too health. he took away by purgation, a womans flux, and other diseases of the matrice, and also dymnes of sight, opthalmia, the apostume of the eye, by purgation he also cured in one day.  
Therefore, purgation hath ben given accustomably, to stay booth distillations, and ouerflowinges. Hence it is, that Aetius lib. tercio, appointeth it to be used in certain flixes, of the belly. All which effects show, of what force purgation is, learnedly given: howsoever fools do abuse it, or dispraise it.  

meet times to purge.  times meet to purge, Hippo. 6. aph. taketh of the temperature, of the air environing vs. For as the air is altered so must your purgation: and what air is at Buckstone, and howe your purgation must be altered, we haue already expressed.  
To whom soever( saith he) letting of blood, is convenient, or purgation, the Spring is best, quarto Apho. quint.& sixth.  
contrariwise, in the dog dayes, and before the dog dayes, purging medicines be daungerous.  
moreover, in the summer, we give vometes, choler abounding in the stomach. contrariwise, Celsus appointeth it in the winter, because the stomach then is laden with fleme, lib. primo.  
Galene did purge in the end of the Spring, those which in summer were taken with a tercian fever: and in the beginning of the Spring, those which thorough grosenesse of humours did fall into sickness, lib. de pure.  

When to purge according to the Astronomers.  Furthermore, times fit for purgation, may be taken of the influence of the planets, saith Hippo. libr. de diera. And Galene did choose the space between the new moon and the old, for drinking of treacle, libr. de theriace, ad Pamphilium.  
It is convenient, that in giving purgation, it be obserserued, which thing Aetius lib. 3.& 1. th. and Halyabbas commandeth. If so be, that the force of medicines purginge, is dulled, when the moon shall be joined with jupiter, if we believe ptolemy, in centiloq. But purginge medicines must be given when the moon is in a watery triplicity, having none aspect, commixtion, quadrature, or opposicion, with Saturne, jupiter, or Mars. Concerning the which ask council of joannes de Monte regio, and the other Astrologians, but especially of Auicennes medicorum, and also of almanacs, yearly made. Auerhois commendeth those which, although they be whole, are purged every seventh year. And I commend those that be purged every Spring, and fall, seeing seldom but at certain times and circuits, diseases do happen, or not far from them. But with Auenzoar the election of time according too the Astronomers is not allowed, lib. secundi. Perhaps because the sick may perish while we abide their elections.  
Lastly of the preparation, of the body, and alteration of the humours, times of purgation, are to be received. For as Hippo. writeth, before the drinking of Elleborus( bearfoote) the body must be moistened, with much meat& rest. 6. epi. Further he saith, if you will quickly purge him, that hath drunken Eleborus, it behoveth. that he wash, and eat: to wash the day before the receiving of the purging medicine, for lauing, bathing in sweet water, or washing, spreadeth abroad the humours, and maketh the body more laxative and soft. And to eat such meats, as thin, cut and separate gross, clamy and tough humours, and that do open the passages.  
Again he saith, bodies which should be purged, ought to be made flowing: 
Preparatures before purgations. & they ar made flowing, as Ga. testifieth 3. ap. 9. By extenuating,& cutting of humours,& by opening the ways, by which the humours are drawn of the medicine. And when this is neglected, be sure purgations be hard and grievous, wherefore avicenne doth prefer thinning of the humour, and dylatation of the ways that he shut, not only before purgation downward, but also before vomit. Phe. 4.1  
Hence it is, that preparatives are used. Therfore to heal things digested, and to move things not raw, so that they enforce not( and the most sort do not compel) to be uttered, for the expulsion of raw humours, as Galen writeth primo apho. 22. doth cause ache of the belly, gnawing,& swoonings, and also, that nothing in effect worth the account, is expelled, seeing all raw humours be slow, and unmeet for thanksgivings, by reason of rawness and cold, whereby it cometh to pass, that they also do scop all narrow passages, by which the medicine ought to be conveyed, and delivered, therfore they be neither brought out themselves, nor suffer other, as saith Auicen quarto, et Phen primo. Hence it is, that all long sicknesses grow.  
avicenne after conconction, before evacuation giveth things thinning.  
Furthermore, coction must be looked first: especially in gross, tough, and slimy humours, as Aetius teacheth Libro tercio. And in certain chollerique infirmities, of thick, and tough matter, as it is apparent with Galen, of the purgation given for the yellow Iaundis, Libro devi Catarthica, et de constitucione artis Medicae. The which thing, also Tralianus doth use, and against Rasis and avicenne, but not likewise, for the whayey, thin, and welcome humours, which as it seemeth too Aetius, are too be purged forthwith, in the beginning of the sickness.  
Briefly, before concoction, a purgation is convenient, in my iudgement, the manifest quality of the humour compelling the quantity and place, of this iudgement is Antylus, and also Manardus libri tricesimi, epistola prima.  
In some the moouinge of nature, or of sickness, or of booth, doth show the time of giving purgation.  
To these, the strength of the sick, the condition of the air, and what things haue gone before, and are present, or belong too be purged,( as Galene teacheth nono Therapentices,) are too be considered.  
If so be that apt moouinges are to be holpen, and the depraved to be corrected. And it is depraved, if before concoction, nature do evacuate, saith Leouellus in practica sua.  
Also, if by places not convenient, and then it is too be transferred, as affirmeth Valescus in Philonio suo. And in diseases of swift moving, it often happeneth in the beginning, that the raw matter is evacuated, nature erringe, thorough compulsion of sickness, as affirmeth johannes Ruellius. Which thing, a skilful physician, soon knoweth  
Purgacions, which may be used without danger, be those which be compounded, 
Purgacions least dangerous.  the hurtful quality corrected, whereupon we may not so well use simplo medicines, saith Cardanus, de varietate rerum, although I brought in example, of Elleborus in the old time, which was permitted, when our bodies were strong, but not so now. For it behoveth( saith he) for the most parte, in every simplo, either to qualify the hurt, or to stunne the force, or too strengthen the weakness, or to correct the vnpleasantnesse. So unlikely it is that any simplo may answer to be correspondent, for the curacion of sundry affects, which at once do requyze diuers faculties, and at one instant, as is very learnedly said, of Celsus, and at large expressed of Montanus, in commentario de componendis medicamentis.  
The rule of Galene therefore is, that as far as it is lawful, the medicine be made most pleasant, quarto de tuenda sanitate, peradventure, according to that saying of Hippoc. The physician ought to gratifye the sick, in meats, drinks, and medicines, sexto Epi. For in meate, there is a most excellent medicine, as he testifieth. Wherefore Aetius doth mingle with meats, things which do not onely soften and compress the belly, making it smooth and slyppery, but also that haue force of drawing, as after briefly shalbée expressed, of which thing s joannes a S. Amando, in concordant. Gal. and Matthaeus Graduensis, in gloss. supper Ah. most wholesomely do dispute.  

Purgation for every complexion.  Medicines meet to purge the chollerique complexion, or such as be troubled with choleric diseases, are these, consideration had to the things afore expressed, as Gardonius affirmeth in practica sua.  
R. Electuarii de succo rosarum, ana. z. iii. misce.  
Diaprunis, ana. z. iii. misce.  
Take of the composition, of the juice of roses.  
Of the composition of prunes, of either iii. dooms, mingle them.  
For the phlegmatic complexion, or them that are vexed, with phlegmatic diseases.  
R. Diaphaeniconis, z.v. misce.  
Diacatholiconis, z. ii. misce.  
Take of the Electuarie of dates, v. drams, of the universal composition, two drams, let them be mingled.  
For the melanchollique complexion, or them that are vexed with diseases thereof.  
R. Dia sennae lenitiiuae, ana. z.s. misce.  
Confectionis hamech, ana. z.s. misce.  
Take of the lenitive Electuary of Sene, of hameches confection, of each half an ounce, mingle them.  
Take in the morning fasting, in pocyll whey, made with ale, to purge choler. In pocyli whey made of white wine, to purge fleme. In pocyll whey, made of Gotes milk, for melancholy, receiving a little warm broth, within half an hour after, eating after that, nothing until vij. or viii. hours be expired, and keeping the house, as Bachanellus willeth, lib. de consensu medicorum in curandis morbis.  
A glister of blessed operation for noble complexions which gently evacuateth phleme and black choler,& genttly expelleth wind, 
Excellent good glisters.  and greatly availeth against the colic and grief of the bowels.  
R. Anize. ana. z. ii.  
Croci, ana. z. ii.  
Polipodii triti, bulliant cum aquae lactis caprarum, libris quinque,& dissolve.  
Hierae picrae, z. i.  
Mellis, z. i.  
Salis, z. i.  
Olei violacei, z. ii. misce secundum artem.  
Take Okeferne roots, anise seeds, bruised Safron, of each two vnces, boiled in fine pyntes, of the whey of gotes milck, to the fourth part, into the which you shall dissolve, of Hiera piera one vnce, of hony two vnces, salt an vnce, oil of violeis, two vnces, giving one after another, if need require, for it will serve for three of fewre doses.  
Another to provoke urine, and to open stoppings.  
R. Aquae lactis caprarum lib. d. in qua bulliat anisi puluerizati vn. i. d. quibus adds olei violacei. vn. ii.  
Take whey of Gotes milk a pint and an half, wherein let boil of a walme or two, of anise seed lightly brayed. ii. vnces, to the which add of oil of violets, two vnces.  
Another good to purge choler, and to mundify the blood with all the rest of the humours in general.  
R. Maluae, ana. manip. i.  
Althaeae, ana. manip. i.  
Atriplicis, ana. manip. i.  
Mercurialis, ana. manip. i.  
Acanthi, ana. manip. i.  
Seminis Lini, ana. z. ii.  
Foenigraeci, ana. z. ii.  
Coquantur ad tercias,& colo diffundantur, accipiaturque.  
Furis decocti, lib. i.  
Medullae cassiae fistularis, vnce i.  
Hierae picrae, s.d.  
Mellis rosacei colo transfusi, z. iii. s.d.  
Olei ex olinis expressi. s. iij.  
Salis vulgaris, z.i.s.d.  
Commixtis omnibus, fiat enema.  
Take of mallows, Holyhocke, Orage, Mercury, sweet briar, of every one one handful, lene seed, fenygréeke; of each two dooms, boil all in a quart of running water, unto the third part, then strain them, and take of the broth boiled, one pint, of the pyth of Cassi fistulae, one vnce, of Hiera picra i. half vnce, of hony of roses strained, iii. drams, and an half, of oil pressed out of waves iii. vnces, of salt, i. dram, and an half, of all mingled together, let there be made a Clyster.  

Good jewels good cheap.  finer jewels, further fet, déerer bought, less in quantity, stronger in quality, more daungerous for the body, I could haue appoynted many thousands: but because these are comune, of small price, every where with the Apotecaries to be had,& without danger will do their office, I trust they may serve for the poorer sort that are not of ability, too retain counsellors in physic, the rich, I wish to resort to the learned physicians.  
Slypery meats which rather make the body soluble, than do bind, are these, as at large is expressed of Aegineta,  

meats soluble or slippery.  Flesh of lamb, veal, pig, fat capons, chickens, and all fat and moist meats, rather boiled then roasted or baked.  
Butter, milk, bread not to dry baked nor too stale, beer of mean age, wine with suggar enough, sweet fruits,& ripe, as damask prunes, cheryes, raceynes, damsons, &c. Of herbs for your brothes and pocylles, mallows, cychorye, endyue, violets, patience, fumetory, and centaury a little quantity, some use, which will not onely make the broth to bitter, but also molest the body as doth sene, fill it with wind, and weaken the stomach saith Mathiolus Senensis, supper Diasco. and Mesue lib. de simplicibus. and as daily experience proveth. 
Tariance at Buckstone.  All these things needful, considered and observed, for the xiiii. xx. or xi. dayes, you remain there, and after you come thence, one month at the least, if your disease requyze it, keep the especial Victus, expressed, but after you may return to your former trade of life, not hurtful, so that alway provided, the day of your coming thither, be noted, before you enter into the baths, and the day of your departure, with the country of your habitation, condition or calling, 
A register book. A rate for the treasure of the poor  with the infirmities, or cause you came for, in the regyster book kept of the warden of the Bath, or the physician that ther shalbe appointed,& the benefit you received, paying four pence for the recording, and every Yeoman besides, xij. pence, every Gentleman iij. shillings. every Esquior. iij. s. iiij. d. every Knight, vj. s. viij. d. every Lord,& Baron, x. s. every Uicount, xiij. s. iiij. d. every earl, xx. s. every Marques, xxx. s. every Duke, iij. pound x. s. every Archbishop. v. l. every Bishop xl. s. every judge. xx. s. every doctor, and sergeant of lawe. x. s. every chancellor, and utter Barrister, vi. s. viij. d. every Archdeacon, Prebendary, and Canon, v. s. every minister, xij. d. every Ducches, xl. s. every Marquesses, xx. s. every Countes xiij. s. iiij. d. every Barones. x. s. every Lady, vi. s. viij. d. every gentlewoman, ij. s. And al, for the treasure of the Bath, to the use of the poor, that only for help, do come thither, the one half: the other to the physician, for his residence.  
Now if any shall think me over bold, too speak in the person of a Magistrate, let them consider with themselves two things mere contrary, their abilities, and the poores need, for sure I am, that none of all these recited, but doth twice a year in idle pastime cast more then this, away in rain. Therfore I trust, seeing it is to the poores, box and better means for your own health, with other good uses, that from time to time, shall be there appointed, that there willbe none, so strait laced, or of so vnpitifull a conscience, which will not, if they see cause, draw their purse strings wider.  
If they consider the good intent, to be as well for the poor afflicted members of Christ( and what you gene unto them you give it me saith he) as also, for the honour of the realm, the which, forever, God grant Triumphant, Amen.   

The Prayer usually to be said before Bathing.  
AS thou hast, most merciful Father, of thine infinite bounty and grace, given us power, to come, to these thy baths,( preordinate, of thy divine providence) for the benefit of us thy dear creatures: So likewise rightly we confess, that the breach of thy most holly laws, which we haue, to often done, is the very cause, that we be so vexed, grieved, diseased, and enféebled, as a just cross, for our misdéedes, seeing that to the third, and fourth generation, thou hast said, thou wilt thē visit. Howbeit, we hope in thy mercies, unto the which, as unto a safe anchor( tossed in this miserable maze of worldly wretchedness) we certainly trust. Taking comfort of thy heavenly word, that whom thou chastisest, thou lovest. So love us good Lord, that we vnfaynedly trusting in thy word, the second person in trinity our redeemer, and calling on thee in his name,( in one unity) may be relieved, comforted,& eased, as thou in thy word hast promised( if it be thy most gracious will) of all our griefs, whether they be inward or outward in body or mind. By the benefit whereof, all the Athistes godless and careless of the world, may know thy power: that from thee, cometh health, to al Nations, for from thee cometh al knowledge, how to use thy Creatures for our uses best.  
grant therfore good Lord, the healthful spirit of truth, the holy ghost, to help, aid, and assist us, in all our afflyctions, and to guide thy ministers, natures Interpreters, physicians, with thy heavenly health, that being strengthened by thy influence, may not only, the better benefit us, and the certeyner, assertaine us, of thy gifts, here and else where, but also the better aid, and assist us, seeing they be thine appointed counsayloures, as they whom we can not be without, as thy lively word teacheth: So then strengthen these baths, teach them, and assist us, good Lord, that what is profitable, for our benefit, may be here had, they show, we seek, find, and observe: what hurtful they may declare, we refrain and withstand. This grant eternal Father through the blood, of the immaculate Lamb, Iesus Christ, that we departing hence, better in health,& strength, thereby may glorify thee, over all the world the more, too whom with the son, and the holy ghost, be all glory, praise, dominion, and power, for ever and ever Amen.  
God preserve, the queens most royal majesty, Nobility, and council, and namely George the mighty earl of Shrewesbury, and the noble countess Elizabeth his wife, whose good furtherance, in these edifyces, hath not lacked, with the right honourable, Lord Talbot, his son& heir, and the honourable Lady his wife, master Guylbart Talbot, and his most virtuous wife, his whole offpring, family, and all the whole Land. Amen Amen.  
FINIS.   

¶ A necessary Table exactly drawn according to the order of the Alphabet, dyrecting the Readers very commodiously by the number of the Pages to all such chief and notable matters as are in this brief treaty contained.  

A physician with a competent stipend appointed at Buckstone. folio. 3. pag. 1  
A dulce Bathe evacuateth by the pores superfluous humours. fo. 3. pa. 2  
A dulce Bathe taketh away dystemperature of heat or could. idem.  
Apostemes are amended by the baths of Buckstone. fo. 4. pa. 1  
A purgation for the melancholic, fo. 19. pa. 1  
A good conscience releaueth the poor. fo. 20. pa. 2  
A Regystre book to be kept at Buckstone. idem   

B  
Buckstones baths, who hath edified. fo. 2. pa. 2  
Bath gate between Burthe and Buckstone. fo. 1. pa. 1  
Burglary excepted out of the Sanctuary. fo. 2. pa. 2  
baths of Brimstone, alum &c. haue force of drying. fo. 3. pa. 2  
Buckstones baths heal rheums. fol. 4. pag. 1.  
Best bread made of wheat. fo. 9. pag. 1.   

C  
cramps are healed by the baths of Buckston. fo. 4. pa. 1  
Clysters very excellent, fo. 19  
Commons and mores lying waste and vnmanured, should bee brought to tillage, and better husbandry, fo. 2. pa. 2  
Crisis definied. fo. 6. pa. 5   

D  
Definition of artificial baths, fo. 1. pa. 2  
diet, use of necessary causes termed of Galen. fo. 5. pa. 2  
Distemperature taken away by diet. idem  
diet of three kindes, idem  
diet when it is wholly taken away, fo. 7. pa. 1  
diet when it is diminished, idem  
diet when it is increased. idem, pa. 2  
diet how long after your departure from Buckstone, is to be observed. fo. 20. pa, 1  
dryth, appetite of a thing cold and moist, fo. 9. pa. 2  
Doses of medicines varied according to, fol. 14. pa. 2  
Dayes of continuance at Buckstone, fol. 2. pa. 1   

E  
every moving is not an exercise, fol. 11.  
Exercise ought to bee before meate, idem  
Exercise, alteration of breath, idem  
effects of purging, fol. 16. pa. 2  
Exercises appointed at Buckstone, fol. 12. pag. 1   

F  
friday, market weakly, fol. 2. pa. 2  
fevers are cured by Buckstons baths, fol. 4. pa. 1  
Frication what, fol. 13. pa. 2  
Force of frication, idem.   

G  
Good times to take purgation. fo. 17. pa. 1  
Grief for lack of purging fo. 16. pa. 2  
Good rules to be observed in purging. fo. 16. pa 1  
Good to take a preparative before purgation fo, 17. pa, 2   

H  
How drink doth disperse the meate fo. 9. pa. 2  
How and what fruits, fish, and wines, may be permitted at Buckstones fo. 10. pa 1  
Headaches are cured by the baths of Buckston, fo. 4. pa. 2   

I  
Indication taken of age, custom &c. fo, 8. pa. 1  
In pestilent seasones, baths must be avoyded, fo, 13. pa. 1   

K  
kinds of purging, fo. 15.16   

L  
lodgings at Buckstone for the poor prepered by Elizabeth the countess of Shrewesbury, fol, 2. pa. 2  
license for the sick to eat flesh at all time, idem,   

M  
murder excepted out of the sanctuary, idem.  
main bread of york of all other the finest, fo, 9. pa. 2  
Medicine what it is, fo. 14. pa. 2  
meats slippery, fo. 20. pa. 1  
Medicines purging choler, fo. 19. pa. 2  
music what it profiteth, fo. 13. pa. 1  
meats best continually at Buckstones. fo. 10. pa. 1   

N  
No hot Bathe without the mine of brimstone as saith Aristotle fo. 17. pa. 2  
Numnes healed by the baths of Buckstone, fo. 4. pa, 1  
Nourishmentes spring of the first coniunction of elements, fo. 8. pa. 2  
Nothing nourisheth, which is not nourished. fo. 6. pa. 2   

O  
Of nourishments ther is a duble faculty. fo. ibidem.   

P  
physicians learned and great store in England. fol. 5. pa. 2  
physic excelleth all artes and sciensis. fol. ibidem,  
Purgation what, fo. 16. pa. 2. fol. 15. pa. 1  
Purgation general and particular, fo. 15. pa. 1  
purgation for the phlegmatic. fol. 19. pa. 1  
preparatives when. fol. 17. pag. 2  
Prayer to be used before entering into the Bathe. fol. 21   

R  
Reason of artes hard to attain, fo. 1. pa. 2  
Rape excepted out of the sanctuary. fol. 2. pa. 2  
Robbing by the hye way excepted out of the sanctuary idem  
Ringwormes are healed by Buckstones baths, idem  
Rules to be observed in purging. fol. 19. pa. 1   

S  
Sanctuary for the sick. fo. 2. pag. 2  
sacrilege excepted out of the sanctuary. idem  
Shrinkings are cured by the baths of Buckstone. fol. 4. pa. 1  
Sene filleth the body with wind and weakeneth the stomach fol. 20. pa. 1   

T  
The baths beutifyed with seats fol. 21. pa. 2  
Treason excepted out of the sanctuary, idem  
Two fairs yearly, idem  
The wels of Buckston good for weak synowes, fol. 4  
The surest way to the rooting out of any sickness is diet. fol. 8. pa. 2  
To th'use of necessary causes three things are expedient. idem  
times to eat. fo. 10. pa. 1  
times of bathing. fo. 13. pa. 1  
times fit for purgation according to Astronomy. fol. 17. pa. 1  
The day of your coming and departure, must be noted in the regystre book. fol. 2  
Times of sicknesses. fol. 6. pa. 1   

V  
Very wealth is health. fol. 5. pag. 1  
ulcers are cured by the baths of Buckston. fol. 4  
Wholsome air at Buckstone. fol. 10. pa. 2  
urine a note of the time to begin exercise fol. 11. pa. 2  
What exercise at Buckstone fol. 12  
What to be given for the poor and other uses. fol. 20  
What the new diet doth. fol. 6. pa. 2.   
FINIS.   

Faults escaped.  

Fol. 1. page.. 2. line. 4. red therfore, for ther.  
Fol. 1. pag. 2. in the note red definition for signification.  
Fol. 3. pag. 1. line. 2. red the most part, for four parts.  
Fol. 6. pag. 2. line. 32. red luke, for hic.  
Fol. 7. pag. 2. line. 9. red hard, for even.  
Fol. 7. pag. 2. line. 34. red present, for preserved.  
Fol. 15. pag. 1. line. 25. red or spleen, for of spleen.  
Fol. 15. pag. 2. line. 17. red familiar, for fumitor.  
Fol. 17. pag. 1. line. 28. red Amicus, for Auicennes.