Septemb. 2.  
Numb. 37.  
THE CONTINUATION of our foreign Avisoes, from the 20. of the last Month to this present.  
CONTAINING, The confirmation of the News published the 20th of August, concerning the several Encounters betwixt the King of Sweden and General Tilly, with the Three days welcome given him, upon his project of Nayling the K. of sweden Ordnance.  
An Apology of the King of Swedens (formerly published in the Dutch) not unfit to give satisfaction to the world, concerning his not relieving of the City Magdenburgh, wherein you shall find a brief Relation of the Kings proceeding ever since he began the War in Germany.  
The landing of the L. General, the Marquis HAMILTON at Stralsunt, with all his men sound and well.  
LONDON. Printed for Nath: Butter and Nicholas Bourne. 1631.   

To the Impartial Reader.  
IN our last Avisoes the 20. of August (which was divided into 2. parts) we printed several passages of the late good success and Victories of the King of Sweden against Monsieur Tilly, as we received them from foreign parts, which was published by us without addition or subtraction, & might have given some credit to the same, and deserved a more  construction from the most malevolently affected, yet from some it could receive no better approbation, than that all was lies, and that the King of Sweden was killed, or taken Prisoner, and his Army utterly defeated, as at this hour some shame not impudently to maintain both here, and beyond sea at Antwerp, Brussels, and elsewhere. Wherefore we do now publish (as we have received them from better hands a confirmation of the Truth thereof with some circumstances not in our former, and against which, let the most barking cur open his mouth and say as formerly. God grant him the multiplication of the like victories and good success until all his Enemies be vanquished, and a general Peace settled in all the parts of Germany,  
Amen.   

The Continuation of our Foreign News.  

From Stetin the last of July, Stilo vet.  
THe King of Sweden having defeated the Imperial regiments, I wrote of in my last, retired again and satisfied his Camp the best he could, for he knew Tilly would not long tarry but come and visit him. But before Tilly came on himself he had sent certain spies, and sent word to some other he had in the King's army, to do him such service as he thought would assure him of the total victory over the King. They therefore having undertaken to nail the Ordnance of the King's Camp, at least towards that part where Tilly had especially commanded it, and by that means make the same quite useless for the King when he should most have need of it, one of those spies or traitors feeling some remorse in his conscience, discovered the plot to the King and was cause that the other were apprehended. Now Tilly hoping things were performed according to his pleasure, began to discharge his great Ordnance against the King's quarter, and having spent above 60. shots, yet he did no harm thereby, except that one shot carried away the head from the shoulders of a gentleman that having served Tilly had but a few days before been taken prisoner, and an arm from another soldier. For the King having put things in order did endure all without making one shot in answer, whereby Tilly was the more assured in his hope and resolution, and therefore he sent on some of his troops to attempt the King's trenches, where they found no great resistance, which Tilly seeing, he supposed he should quickly force and take all that quarter, and to that end advanced and pressed on with his army, when on a sudden the King's ordnance played at once amongst the same, and with chain shot and what other shot else was thought fittest to destruction, made a great butchery of Tilly's army; And the King at the same instant sent forth Baudis with three regiments of Horse, who set so rudely into Tilly's Currasseers, that he slew a great many and turned them to flight; And it is supposed, that if the King had seconded him with the rest of his army, he would have defeated all his enemies, and few would have escaped. Thus Tilly having sped no better in this his revenge, than his Vanguard had done before him, made his retreat, which was not much unlike unto a running away, leaving a number of his men prisoners and more slain behind him.  
Upon the 28. of july, my Lord Marquis Hamilton arrived with all his fleet joyfully at Stralsunt, and all his men were in good health. From thence he dispatched presently a gentleman to the King, and we shall now daily hear of his marching further and of his exploits, which God do prosper.   

Out of another Letter the 2. of August.  
The plague bginnes to be very furious in Silesia, but yet notwithstanding the Emperor hath given order to make an army there also against the King of Sweden, which shall consist of 15000. men, and the said army is already very strong, and hath this great while besieged the Swedes in Crossen, but have as yet done them no harm. The King of Sweden hath sent for his forces that were in Silesia to come to him, and thereby it is supposed, that the said King and Tilly, who is somewhat retired back, until his army be reinforced again, will not part, before they give one another a bloody battle. And at the City of Hall, all the water of the ditches about the town was of late turned all into blood, and hath been seen by many hundred men of good sort who do aver the same. Besides this on the last day of july last in the afternoon, there happened in these Countries an exceeding great storm, and especially along the Elbe and about Magdenburgh, where it was so great, that the violence of the wind had certainly carried both Tilly himself with his tent and pavilion, standing not very fare from Werben, away into the Elbe, had he not been rescued and saved by his attendants and Soldiers.   

From Dessaw the 9 of August.  
Tilly being much displeased at the loss of the Cavalry which were defeated by the King of Sweden on the 27th. of july, did breathe nothing but revenge against Sweden, and therefore having advanceed with his main army towards the King of Sweden, he had several enterprises and gave many onsets and assaults against the King's Camp, which was well fortified and provided, as that King is accustomed to do wheresoever he doth encamp himself. Tilly seeing he could not do any great matter against him by force, did use also some other plots, to bereave the King of the use of his ordnance, Whereby the King did mightily annoy him, and having some secret intelligence with some soldiers that served the King, he corrupted them to nail the said ordnance against St. james day, which day Tilly intended to assault the Kings Campe. But one of those soldiers or Traitors discovered the matter unto the King, who keeping it secret, gave order for that day's work, on which Tilly began to play with his great Ordnance discharging about 80. shots, during which time no answer nor shot was made from the Kings Campe. Therefore Tilly sent some of his horse to skirmish, who came under the King's ordnance, but yet were not shot at except by some musquetiers, which the King suffered now and then to give fire against them; Tilly seeing no ordnance play against him, supposed that indeed the King's ordnance had been nailed, and thereupon gave a furious assault upon the Campe. Then the King caused his ordnance on a sudden to play through the midst of the Imperialists. And soon after he made a fally with his horse and some of his Infantry, and forced the Imperialists to withdraw into their own quarters. The two next days one after another Tilly tried again his fortune against the King of Sweden, but he was always so well received, that at last his men had no more mind to come on, but retiring were by the Swedish forces that followed them, especially by the Swedish dragoners so overhastened, that many lost their lives, and left behind them a great number of their Wagons, baggage and pieces of ordnance. Tilly retired into Magdenburgh, and what he will now do is not known; he sends for forces to join with him, which daily come marching from several places. The King doth the like; Some think Tilly will make an attempt about the river of Havel, but long he cannot subsist, for the King hath his provisions and victuals coming to him without any let, where Tilly hath none but what is brought very fare down from Germany to his army, where there is already such a dearth, that a loaf of bread costs a Florin of gold, which is a french crown; whereby it is thought Tilly must either go back again or tarrying but a while longer, suffer extremity.   

From Prage the 4. of August Still novo.  
It is certain that the King of Sweden hath defeated on the 17. of july last at night, four whole Imperial Regiments, slaying a great number, and among the same Colonel Bernstein, for whom there is here made great lamentation, but more especially by his Sister, because he was the last of his family. Montecuculy we do hear was not present, being then in Silesia; But his regiment was wholly defeated, and particularly three Companies thereof were all slain so that not one man thereof escaped. There escaped some few with such a swiftness, that they left all they had behind, running away in their shirts, as they came out of their beds. We cannot know the truth of all particulars, but some of them confess, they lost at the least about ten Cornets and four Ensigns, and withal all their baggage. Since that accident there comes news of some other encounter and fight between Tilly and Sweden. But we can seldom understand the certainty of things here, where all is related as the Imperialists will have it: But we perceive so much by their looks and behaviours, that their last news are not so good as they do like and wish it.  
Mean while the army that the Emperor hath in Silesia, having not done any thing yet worthy of relation is now to be augmented, and to that end there are sent out of Bohemia, 5000. men, gathered in this kingdom and in Moravia. And there are 5000. Hungarians and Crabats to follow and join with the said army, which is commanded by general dieffenbach, who shall bring the same also against the King of Sweden.   

From Francfort the 28. of july. Still. vet.  
The army of the Landgrave of Hessen cassel, doth lay great imposition and desire a constant contribution from the Bishopric of Hirshfield, using them as the Imperialists and League did and do use all other Protestants: But whether this will hold, (unless the King of Sweden come deeper into Germany) or not, is uncertain. The Popish Clergy and especially the Abbot of Fulda are fled from the said Hirshfield and have carried away all their Ornaments and Church-stuff unto Hamelburgh. The Imperial forces commanded by the Count Firstenberg do now march towards the forenamed Bishopric.   

From Heusdon August the 10. 1631.  
There was a fellow in the fashion of a Merchant which coming upon the Longstreet, inquired after and hired a Bush to carry certain Trunks for Holland, and having agreed for the fraught, he gave special charge and enjoined the Shipmaster (by reason of the great charge he had in his Trunks) to make up close to the Convoy and the Ammunition Ships of the States lying before Heusdon, at that time there lay about 80. Ships in the River. The said Bush accordingly made up amongst the State's ships of Ammunition and was not suspected, till in the night of a sudden there was a noise and a great crack given which was the blowing up of the said Bush, being amongst the whole Fleet of the States; if the granaded Fireworks and other devises in the Trunks had dilated its force abroad, as it wrought and flew altogether upward, it had endangered the whole Navy of the States lying in the River before Huesdon and the town of Huesdon itself, besides the less of all the Ammunition and Provision for the Army which lay in these ships. The Merchant fled but the Shipmaster was laid hold on and clapped in prison: there was in the Bush only one little boy killed.   

From Flushing the 24. of August.  
News from Antwerp, that the Ammunition and Fireworks were unladen in the night between wednesday and thursday, which giveth hope that their enterprise is broken, which God grant.   

From Paris the 12. of August.  
The D. D'espernon Governor of Guienne, the Count of Grandmont Governor of Bearn & of Bayonne. The Count of Rochefoucant Governor of Poitou; have declared themselves, for Monsieur the King's brother: There is likewise some trouble in these events: whither the K. sendeth the Marshal of Vitry.  
The King hath given all monsieur his brother's governments to the Marshal of Castill.   

From Paris the 18. of August.  
Since my arrival at Paris I have not learned any thing worthy to be written, saving the discovery of a treason upon the town of Orange: Those which have plotted it, do what they can to plaster their perfidy, and to keep the Prince of Orange from getting any knowledge thereof. The Son of Besme who killed the Admiral of Chastillon the year of Christ 1572. hath been beheaded by his own solicitation. The Duchess of Tremoville is extremely sick, and was yesterday recommended to the prayer of the reformed Church at Charenton.  
The King hath made a declaration against Monsieur his brother, the Qu. his Mother, & all those which follow their party.    

THE TRUE COPY OF of a brief and true Demonstration, why his Majesty of SWEDEN could in no wise rescue and deliver the City Magdenburgh.  
WHEREIN The Reader may not only be acquainted with those  Reasons which do excuse and discharge his Majesty from all false imputations laid to his Majesty's charge concerning Magdenburgh. But also he shall receive great light of most of his Majesty's proceed this last year past, and the distress and extremity his Majesty hath maded through and what comfortable success the Lord hath afforded him, notwithstanding his manifold obstacles and oppositions.  
IT is an apparent and naked truth. That the Burgamasters, council, and Citizens of the City Ma●●e●burgh could in no wise be drawn and persuaded to disburse a reasonable sum of money, (upon good assurance) for the advancement of the levying and raising of forces, for his Majesty of Sweden, tending to the relief and deliverance of the said distressed itty in particular, and reducement of the common  Liberties and Privileges, in general. Much less would they any wise consent and permit, the least quarter or billeting to his Majesty and his grace the Administrators of Magdenburgh, their conjoined forces; till at the last, by reason of the enemies blocking of them up, this last siege, they were compelled thereunto.  
Which was the cause, that both the horse and foot-forces neither might, nor would aggregate, in such a complete number, and so opportunely as both they could have done, and was requisite, insomuch that the enemy gained conveniency and opportunity to block up, and besiege the said City, by the means whereof his Mai. was of necessity constrained somewhat to desist, and his intention aiming at the general and public good, was thereby withdrawn, and exceedingly hindered.  
But to the end, that all men may fully be acquainted with the causes which moved his Mai. to this resolution to assemble a convenient and reasonable army in that place afore mentioned. We must know; that even than, where his Princely grace the Administrator of Magdenburgh, in the end of july in the year past 1630. came into the City, the whole Bishopric of Magdenburg was very destitute of Imperial troops, and furnished with very weak garrison. So that his Princely grace wanted no thing except the aforesaid moneys for the raising of soldiers; which if upon earnest request, and soliciting of the said City Magdenburgh he could have obtained, in a very short space he might very easily have raised and assembled together certain thousands of men, and by that means have prevented and put by the siege, which Papenheym hath then begun with very few forces, yea he might than have diverted the whole State of that war, have withdrawn all warlike provision and necessaries from the enemy, and assembled his forces even within the City. He might also have built an inexpugnable fort or Tower, and have constituted Sedem Belli, to second, and defend all the adjacent places against the unspeakable Tyranny, and perceiving impositions of his adversary. And here we omit to speak of all other important and many consequences of war. Especially, this is to be regarded, that this City by this means might so long have been preserved until his Mai. of Sweden had quite expelled and ruinated all the Emp. forces in Pomerania, and upon the river Oder. Howsoever, the common people of this City are in this matter very excusable, who by reason of the potent favourites and traitors which the enemy had drawn to him in that City, were not able to proceed with a courageous and manly resolution. Which may sufficiently appear by the woeful and lamentable ruin of the said City, which the treacherous Machination of those traitors of their own Country, brought upon the same, and is merely to be imputed unto them, for in all this they have prevailed.  
But notwithstanding all this, it may easily appear, and by those Cities themselves be made manifest, what vigilant care and diligence his Mai. hath taken, and bestirred himself for the obtaining of the said moneys by exchange from the City Hamburgh and Lubeck, and transported the same to Magdenbu●gh, because they, by reason of the Situation of that place had not opportunity and could not furnish such means, notwithstanding it could be proved easily, that it was not so impossible for them as their excuse would make it. So that this fault in the very first beginning is not to be ascribed to his Mai. nor his Princely grace the Administrator of Magdenburgh. But to those traitors and founders of mischief on the one, and to their consorts and adherents, who furnished the enemy with munition, provision etc. on the other side.  
And although that his Mai. since that time hath made over great sums of money for the maintenance of the soldiers, and also hath transported much provision and all warlike necessaries to Magdenburgh, and promised the said City his Kingly aid and deliverance, at several times. Nevertheless those that are acquainted and skilled in Pollitick and warlike affairs, do know that those kind of promises are regulated according to conveniency, and according to the possibility of men, and the state of things. And are not to be taken so absurdly, as if the King's majesty of necessity must for satisfaction of his promise made, endanger and hazard the common welfare, the deliverance of so many hundred thousand souls and consequently his whole royal State, his Kingdom and Country, or rather ruinated and utterly undo the whole work begun, and leave all in a desperate state and Condition. Whereas at the first this City might easily have been helped with the least supply. And yet furthermore we do show and declare, that his Mai. notwithstanding them above mentioned reasons hath used and reached forth his best and extreme endeavour, to relieve and deliver this City, but hath been hindered and prevented, and kept back by such obstacles and hindrances, as were impossible for him to shun. Which being demonstrated we are fully persuaded that no man being unpartial, and void of passion, and in his right senses and temper, will any longer in this point accuse and impute any cause unto his Majesty.  
It is well known, not only to the whole Empire but throughout the whole Christian world, that an huge Imperial army being enquartered in the two Dukedoms of Pomerania and Mechlenburgh, had than already cut off the passage from the East-sea to Magdenburgh, which great army in Champagne (especially in horse forces) did fare exceed the army of his Majesty of Sweden, which was the cause that it proved impossible for his Majesty with his weak Army to strike through so puissant an Army, being enquartered in so strong a passage, and pass quite through his Enemies the length of forty Dutch miles, unless first he had confirmed himself in some place, and had some footing in that strange Country.  
It is also sufficiently known, that notwithstanding his Majesty used all possible means, laboured as soon as possible might be to advance his chiefest Troops, and induct them into those parts. Nevertheless, it was in the month November, 1630. before these forces arrived.  
Which, when he had received and reduced into his army under him the whole cold Winter, aiming especially to attain to the deliverance of the said City Magdenburgh. It is to be doubted, whether or no, any man in so rigid and sharp a Winter, and in the midst of so many inconveniences, and passing through so many obstacles, hath ever effected so much and in so short a space. For by means of this his Majesty's incomparable labour in this hard time, it pleased Almighty God, (from whom proceeds all ●i●tory) to deliver up into the hands of his Majesty with admirable victory, those two mighty passages of Gartz and Griffenhagen. Which if his Majesty had not obtained, it had been impossible for him, and very unadvisedly done, to have proceeded any farther, unless his Majesty contrary to all rules a●d Instructions of war, and contrary to reason and politic prudency, would have hazarded and endangered the common welfare and his own state, and ruinated them both  
Now by reason of this admirable victory which it pleased Almighty God to afford his Majesty, he obtained so much advantage of his Enemy, that he might easily have fallen upon the very head of him, and utterly ruinated all his forces, and consequently (by God's assistance,) without great hindrance, or loss have delivered the said City Magdenburgh. If his Majesty, could but have obtained the passage and thoroughfare, through the strong and mighty fortress Custrin, which he sought and required of the commander Krachten, who then commanded there, with earnest entreaty and supplication, upon good assurance.  
Hereupon did follow very great inconveniences. His Majesty through want of victuals and furniture, was constrained to let his enemy escape and retire to Lantsbergh.  
His Royal Army also by reason hereof happened into several dangers and extremities. The Catholic bloodthirsty Enemy by this means was not ruinated, who otherwise was brought into a remediless confusion. Neither could his Majesty wholly purge the River Elue, and all the Country between the Ell and the Eest-sea, from these bloody and cruel Enemies. Much less could his Majesty relieve and second the rest of the Evangelicall Princes with a victorious hand. Who now are extremely in danger to lose all spiritual and temporal liberties and privileges.  
All these inconveniences did hence proceed, because his Majesty could not obtain the aforesaid passage of Custrin from the Commander Krachten.  
If any one object here, that his Majesty ought to have conducted and brought his Army into his Enemy's face the General T●lly, and roused him up with his Army. We have already showed, that his Majesty's army, was exceedingly wearied, and that whole winter grievously weakened. And by reason of the refusal of the passage of Custrin, not only debilitated but decreased, and therefore not capable and sufficient to oppose so great a power as Tilly than had. Neither did his Maj. hold it expedient and commendable, to proceed desperately and to hazard the whole matter in a dangerous fight. Which if it had not well succeeded, as apparently it might not, the good City Magdenburgh had fared never the better.  
When Tilly was retired out of Pomerania and Mechlenburgh, than was the City Magdenburgh assaulted with the greatest and extremest power, so that it is in no wise to be imputed to his Majesty that the said City was not delivered. Concerning the time whilst this siege did continue, it is not unknown that the Emperor's army being strong before both of horse and foot, and having taken those aforesaid passages by the Oder, did refortifie themselves and add unto their forces 12000. and came into a perfect state and posture, in the Nieumarck, O●kermarek, especially at Francfort, Lantsb●r●h, and the Country of Steynbergh, and the Province of Crosses. Moreover the General Tilly with many thousands both foot and horse being enquartered on this side of the Elve and Mockeren, was very vigilant, and did duly attend all occasions. Insomuch that it was not plausible for his Maj. to leave such an Army as was before mentioned behind his back, and meeting the General Tilly by that means, to thrust himself between the door and the hinge, Inter Malleum & incunem.  
Notwithstanding all this, his Majest. of Sweden to show and manifest his Christian resolution, and good intention for the restoring and recovering of the German liberties and privileges of the Protestant Churches, & for the discharging of his Majesty's Conscience, and for his reputation, with a Heroic courage did assault the very heart of the whole Imperial Army within the City Francfort, than being at least 700L. strong. Where, with extraordinary victory (which it pleased God in respect of his Christian intention to afford him) he defeated, overcame, and utterly ruinated them, so that now he had no such cause more to fear his enemy behind him. Howsoever this is to be considered, that in a very short space 6000. men were again recollected together, under the Commander Schouwenburgh at great Glogau in Silesia, which 6000. men by all likelihood, by reason of the confluxe of many forces from Silefia, Mehren, Bohemia, and Hungaria, might have been exceedingly augmented.  
Notwithstanding, but disregarding all this, as also that General Tilly could easily adjoin his forces to the rest, transporting them over the Elve by means of the Bridge laid near unto Magdenburgh, his Maj. did so much respect, and tender the good City Magdenburgh, that not fearing the great danger after good deliberation, himself in person, with his whole Army marched to Berlyn, there to obtain the strong fort Spandau, to the end that his Maj. in time of necessity might have a sure retreat. Which having obtained, his Maj. proceeded forward on the way to Potzdam, hoping that whereas the saving of the City Magdenburgh did so deeply concern the Prince ●lector of Saxony, that his Princely Excellence would assist him with some troops and certain pieces of Ordnance, munition, powder, shot etc. for the furthering of this great and heavy enterprise of relieving the City Magdenburgh, or at leastwise, affording him a free passage and thoroughfare over the Dassaw-bridge, by which means his Majesty might have received all manner of necessaries from Meyssen, and more conveniently have passed along the River near unto the City intended. Therefore his Maj. did to this end send several messengers, with diverse moving and extreme pathetical letters. The chiefest whereof were basely kept back above 14. days.  
Lastly, when now the time of delivery was approaching and necessity required no longer delay; and therefore his Majesty had brought up his Army to undertake the main business, and now or never to effect some notable thing for the common good. The Elector of Saxony frustrated his expectation, and flatly denied him all his former requests, appealing to his duty and devotion which they vowed, and the obligation wherewith they were obliged to his Imperial Majesty.  
As concerning the Marquis of Brandenburg, his Excellence (notwithstanding his Majesty might have depended upon his assistance) did not deliver or at leastwise could not deliver, unto his Majesty, those necessaries of victuals and shipping in such time and measure as was expected and requisite. But rather had a respect and did appeal to the example and resolution of the Prince Elector of S●xony.  
In sum, the Duke of Saxony, and the Marquis of Brandenburg, have both of them so managed the business ●nd carried themselves, that his Majesty could not perceive wh●ther they were friends or enemies  
Wherefore the premises being granted, all his Majesty's chief Commanders have been ●ound to confess, and all experienced in matters of War cannot deny it. That if his Majesty had ma●ched forward without being assured of provision from Saxony; That such a tired and unwilling Army, (though Tilly had been alone in his Posture) through want of sustenance, and heat of weather and faintness, of necessity most part of the same had proved fugitive, part of the same famished, and the Arm, itself entirely destroyed.  
Hereupon his Majesty not many da●es after, being informed concerning the Lamentable destruction of the ●ayd City, was constrained to retreat not without great grief and sorrow of heart, and by reason of su●h an important alteration, casu●e his proceeding by other means, and ●●enter volen●e, of necessity proceed by such means, which would seem very difficult unto the ignorant and unskilful. But the nature of War, and the common necessity doth require fare more difficulty.  
All which being balanced, and unpartially prepended, by all those that are skilled in Warlike and Politic affairs, the same will serve for a sufficient discharge of his Majesty both before God and all the world. Especially, since heese it doth appear, that his Majesty hath used his uttermost power and endeavour.  
FINIS.